AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
ON 09/07/99
FILE NOS: 811-____
333-_____
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
----------------------------------
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 [X]
Pre-Effective Amendment No. [ ]
Post-Effective Amendment No. [ ]
and
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER
THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 [X]
Amendment No. [ ]
(Check appropriate box or boxes.)
MEEHAN MUTUAL FUNDS, INC.
-------------------------------
(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
SUITE 600
1900 M STREET, N.W.
WASHINGTON, DC 20036
------------------------
(Address of Principal Executive Office)
Registrant's Telephone Number, including Area Code:
202-530-3300
------------
MR. THOMAS P. MEEHAN
SUITE 600
1900 M STREET, N.W.
WASHINGTON, DC 20036
---------------------------------------
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
Please send copy of communications to:
MR. ROBERT J. ZUTZ
Kirkpatrick & Lockhart, LLP
1800 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Second Floor
Washington, DC 20036-1800
202-778-9000 (phone)
202-778-9100 (facsimile)
202-778-9200 (facsimile)
------------
Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering: As soon as practicable following
effective date.
Registrant declares that it is registering an indefinite number or amount of its
securities by this Registration Statement.
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates
as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file
a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement
shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the
Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall became
effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a),
may determine.
TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES ----- 65
EXHIBIT INDEX BEGINS
ON PAGE-------------------- 40
<PAGE>
MEEHAN MUTUAL FUNDS, INC.
CONTENTS OF REGISTRATION STATEMENT
This Registration document is comprised of the following:
1. Cover Sheet
2. Contents of Registration Statement
3. Prospectus for the Meehan Focus Fund
4. Statement of Additional Information for the Meehan Focus Fund
5. Part C of Form N-1A
6. Signature Page
7. Exhibits
<PAGE>
==============================
NOVEMBER 15, 1999
PROSPECTUS
==============================
MEEHAN FOCUS FUND
(the "Fund")
A SERIES OF MEEHAN MUTUAL FUNDS, INC.
(the "Company")
Suite 600
1900 M Street, NW
Washington, DC 20036
1-800-___-____
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As with all mutual funds, the Securities and Exchange Commission has not
approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this prospectus is
truthful or complete. Anyone who tells you otherwise is committing a crime.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
THE FUND
What is the Fund's Investment Objective? ........................ 3
What are the Fund's Primary Investment Strategies? .............. 3
What are the Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund? .......... 4
How Has the Fund Performed in the Past? ......................... 5
What are the Fund's Fees And Expenses? .......................... 6
An Example of Fund Expenses Over Time ........................... 6
THE FUND'S INVESTMENT ADVISER
The Adviser ..................................................... 7
The Portfolio Manager ........................................... 7
The Investment Advisory Agreement ............................... 7
The Operating Services Agreement ................................ 7
HOW TO BUY AND SELL SHARES
Investing In The Fund ........................................... 8
Determining Share Prices ........................................ 8
Distribution (12b-1) Fees ....................................... 8
Minimum Investment Amounts ...................................... 9
Opening and Adding To Your Account .............................. 9
Purchasing Shares By Mail ....................................... 10
Purchasing Shares By Wire Transfer .............................. 10
Purchases through Financial Service Organizations ............... 10
Purchasing Shares By Automatic Investment Plan .................. 11
Purchasing Shares By Telephone .................................. 11
Miscellaneous Purchase Information .............................. 11
How to Sell (Redeem) Your Shares ................................ 12
By Mail ......................................................... 12
Signature Guarantees ............................................ 13
By Telephone .................................................... 13
By Wire ......................................................... 13
Redemption At The Option Of The Fund ............................ 14
Dividends And Distributions ..................................... 14
Tax Considerations .............................................. 14
General Information ............................................. 15
<PAGE>
THE FUND
WHAT IS THE FUND'S INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE?
The Fund's investment objective is long-term growth of capital.
WHAT ARE THE FUND'S PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES?
The Adviser attempts to achieve the Fund's investment goals by:
o investing in common stocks without restrictions regarding market
capitalization;
o normally investing at least 75% of the Fund's total assets in US
common stocks; and
o holding a focused portfolio of no more than 25 stocks.
The Fund's Adviser believes that the Fund's investment objective is best
achieved by investing in companies that exhibit the potential for
significant growth over the long term. The Adviser defines long-term as a
time horizon of at least three years. To identify companies that have
significant growth potential, the Adviser employs a value-oriented approach
to stock selection. To choose the securities in which the Fund will invest,
the Adviser seeks to identify companies which exhibit some or all of the
following criteria:
o low price-to-earnings ratio ("P/E");
o low price-to-book value or tangible asset value;
o excellent prospects for growth;
o strong franchise;
o highly qualified management;
o consistent free cash flow; and
o high returns on invested capital.
The Adviser intends to employ the investing principles of Benjamin Graham
as set forth in The Intelligent Investor, and as further developed and
applied to today's market by Warren Buffet. The Adviser plans to have the
Fund purchase shares of good businesses at reasonable prices that provide a
margin of safety. Mr. Meehan, the Fund's Portfolio Manager, believes in the
principles of value investing and plans to invest the major portion of his
retirement assets in the Fund, and he will be an individual shareholder of
the Fund.
The Fund may invest up to 25% of its total assets in foreign securities
that are traded on a U.S. exchange, either directly or in the form of
American Depository Receipts ("ADRs"). The Fund will only invest in ADRs
that are issuer sponsored. Sponsored ADRs typically are issued by a U.S.
bank or trust company and evidence ownership of underlying securities
issued by a foreign corporation.
The Fund will normally invest its remaining assets in cash and cash
equivalents, such as U.S. government debt instruments, other money market
mutual funds, and repurchase agreements.
3
<PAGE>
WHAT ARE THE PRINCIPAL RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND?
General Risks- All investments are subject to inherent risks, and the Fund
is no exception. Accordingly, you may lose money by investing in the Fund.
When you sell your Fund shares, they may be worth more or less than what
you paid for them because the value of the Fund's investments will vary
from day-to-day, reflecting changes in market conditions, interest rates
and numerous other factors.
Stock Market Risk- The stock market tends to trade in cyclical price
patterns, with prices generally rising or falling over sustained periods of
time. The Fund invests primarily in common stocks, so the Fund will be
subject to the risks associated with common stocks, including price
volatility and the creditworthiness of the issuing company.
Small To Medium-Cap Stock Risks- The Fund may invest in companies with
small to medium market capitalizations (generally less than $6 billion).
Because these companies are relatively small compared to large-cap
companies, may be engaged in business mostly within their own geographic
region, and may be less well-known to the investment community, they can
have more volatile share prices. Also, small companies often have less
liquidity, less management depth, narrower market penetrations, less
diverse product lines, and fewer resources than larger companies. As a
result, their stock prices often react more strongly to changes in the
marketplace.
Foreign Securities Risk- Investments in foreign securities involve greater
risks compared to domestic investments for the following reasons:
o Foreign companies are not subject to the regulatory requirements of
U.S. companies, so there may be less publicly available information
about foreign issuers than U.S. companies.
o Foreign companies generally are not subject to uniform accounting,
auditing and financial reporting standards.
o Dividends and interest on foreign securities may be subject to foreign
withholding taxes. Such taxes may reduce the net return to Fund
shareholders.
o Foreign securities are often denominated in a currency other than the
U.S. dollar. Accordingly, the Fund will be subject to the risks
associated with fluctuations in currency values.
o Although the Fund will only invest in foreign issuers that are
domiciled in nations considered to have stable and friendly
governments, there is the possibility of expropriation, confiscation,
taxation, currency blockage or political or social instability which
could negatively affect the Fund.
Focused Portfolio Risk- The Fund is classified as "non-diversified" under
the federal securities laws. This means that the Fund has the ability to
concentrate a relatively high percentage of its investments in the
securities of a small number of companies. Investing in this manner makes
the Fund more susceptible to a single economic, political or regulatory
event than a more diversified fund might be. Also, a change in the value of
a single company will have a more pronounced effect on the Fund than such a
change would have on a more diversified fund.
Temporary Defensive Positions- Ordinarily, the Fund's portfolio will be
invested primarily in common stocks. However, the Fund is not required to
be fully invested in common stocks and, in fact, usually maintains certain
cash reserves. Depending upon market conditions, cash reserves may be a
significant percentage of the Fund's total net assets. The Fund usually
invests its cash reserves in U.S. Government debt instruments, other
unaffiliated mutual funds (money market funds) and repurchase agreements.
During times when the Fund holds a significant portion of its net assets in
cash, it will not be investing according to its investment objectives, and
the Fund's performance may be negatively affected as a result.
4
<PAGE>
Management Risk- Acting as investment adviser to the Fund is a new position
for the Adviser, and the Fund has no operating history. The Adviser and
Fund's lack of experience and performance history may pose additional
risks.
Year 2000 Risks- As with other mutual funds, financial and business
organizations and individuals around the world, the Fund could be adversely
affected if the computer systems used by the Adviser and the Fund's other
service providers don't properly process and calculate date-related
information and data from and after January 1, 2000. This is commonly known
as the "Year 2000" or "Y2K" problem. The Adviser is taking steps to address
the Y2K problem with respect to the computer systems that it uses and to
obtain assurances that comparable steps are being taken by the Fund's other
major service providers. The Adviser will monitor the companies in which
the Fund invests for evidence of Y2K preparedness. However, there can be no
assurance that the Fund's portfolio will not be adversely affected by the
Y2K problem. Further, foreign issuers may not be as well prepared for the
Y2K problem as U.S. issuers, and this may pose additional risk to the Fund.
HOW HAS THE FUND PERFORMED IN THE PAST?
Because this is a new Fund that does not yet have an operating history, a
performance bar chart and table describing the Fund's annual performance
and comparing that performance to appropriate indices is not yet available.
Performance information will be included in the Fund's first semi-annual
and annual reports, which will be sent to you without charge at your
request. Simply contact the Fund at 1-800-___-____.
WHAT ARE THE FUND'S FEES AND EXPENSES?
This table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold
shares of the Fund.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
============================================= =============================================
SHAREHOLDER FEES: ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES:
----------------- -------------------------------
(fees paid directly from your investment) (expenses that are deducted from Fund assets)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Management Fees1 1.50%
Imposed on Purchases NONE
(as a percentage of offering price) Distribution (12b-1) Fees2 0.00%
Maximum Deferred Sales NONE Other Expenses3 0.00%
Charge (Load) ---------------------------------------------
(as a percentage of redemption amount) Total Annual
Fund Operating Expenses 1.50%
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) NONE =============================================
Imposed on Reinvested Dividends
And other Distributions
Redemption Fees NONE
=============================================
</TABLE>
1. Management fees include a fee of 1.00% for investment advisory services and
0.50% for administrative and other services. Both fees are paid to the
Fund's Adviser pursuant to separate agreements for each service.
2. Although the Fund's Board of Directors has adopted a Plan of Distribution
under Rule 12b-1 of the 1940 Act, the Plan has not yet been implemented and
the Fund has no intention of implementing the Plan during the Fund's first
full fiscal year.
3. The Fund's Adviser is responsible for paying all the Fund's expenses except
taxes, interest, litigation expenses and other extraordinary expenses.
Because the Fund believes that it will not incur any of these expenses
during its first fiscal year, no expenses are included in this category.
5
<PAGE>
AN EXAMPLE OF EXPENSES OVER TIME:
This Example below is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the
Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.
The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods
indicated, reinvest all dividends and distributions, and then redeem all your
shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your
investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund's operating expenses
remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on
these assumptions your costs would be:
ONE YEAR THREE YEARS
-------- -----------
$ ---- $ -----
THE FUND'S INVESTMENT ADVISER
The Adviser
- -----------
Edgemoor Capital Management, Inc. (the "Adviser"), Suite 600, 1900 M Street, NW,
Washington, DC 20036, serves as investment adviser to the Fund. The Adviser is a
Maryland corporation and has registered with the Securities and Exchange
Commission as an investment adviser.
The Adviser's principal business and occupation is to provides financial
management and advisory services to individuals, corporations, and other
institutions throughout the United States. The Adviser has been investment
adviser to the Fund since its inception. The Adviser manages the investment
portfolio and business affairs of the Fund under an Investment Advisory
Agreement with the Fund, and manages, or arranges to manage, the daily
operations of the Fund under an Operating Services Agreement.
For its investment advisory services to the Fund, the Company pays to the
Adviser, on the last day of each month, an annualized fee equal to 1.00% of the
average net assets of the Fund, such fee to be computed daily based upon the
daily average net assets of the Fund.
The Portfolio Manager
- ---------------------
Mr. Thomas P. Meehan is President of the Adviser and acts as the portfolio
manager for the Fund. Mr. Meehan is also President of Meehan Mutual Funds, Inc.
(the "Company"). In 1968, Mr. Meehan was a founding partner of Sherman, Meehan,
Curtin & Ain, a Washington, DC law firm. Mr. Meehan has served as President of
his law firm for many years, has served on the firm's Executive Committee since
the firm's inception and has been responsible for the financial management of
the firm. Mr. Meehan was a charter trustee of the firm's pension and profit
sharing plans and has served as an investment manager of these plans since their
inceptions in 1973. Although Mr. Meehan has experience in managing investment
portfolios, neither he nor the Adviser has any prior experience in managing a
portfolio for an investment company, and this may result in additional risks for
the Fund.
6
<PAGE>
HOW TO BUY AND SELL SHARES OF THE FUND
INVESTING IN THE FUND
Determining Share Prices
- ------------------------
Shares of the Fund are offered at each share's net asset value ("NAV"). NAV per
share is calculated by adding the value of Fund investments, cash and other
assets, subtracting Fund liabilities, and then dividing the result by the number
of shares outstanding. The Fund generally determines the total value of its
shares by using market prices for the securities comprising its portfolio.
Securities for which quotations are not available and any other assets are
valued at fair market value as determined in good faith by the Adviser, subject
to the review and supervision of the Board of Directors. The Fund's per share
NAV is computed on all days on which the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") is
open for business at the close of regular trading hours on the Exchange,
currently 4:00 p.m. Eastern time. In the event that the NYSE closes early, the
share price will be determined as of the time of closing.
Distribution (12b-1) Fees
- -------------------------
The Fund has adopted a distribution plan (the "Plan") pursuant to Rule 12b-1
under the 1940 Act. The Plan provides that the Fund is authorized to pay an
annualized fee of up to 0.35% of the Fund's average daily net assets to
compensate certain parties for expenses incurred in the distribution of the
Fund's shares and the servicing and maintenance of existing shareholder
accounts. However, the Directors have not authorized payment of any fees
pursuant to the Plan.
Because any payments under the 12b-1Plan would be paid out of the Fund's assets
on an ongoing basis, over time these fees will increase the cost of your
investment and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges.
Minimum Investment Amounts
- --------------------------
Payments for Fund shares should be in U.S. dollars, and in order to avoid fees
and delays, should be drawn on a U.S. bank. Fund management may reject any
purchase order for Fund shares and may waive the minimum investment amounts in
its sole discretion.
Your purchase of Fund shares is subject to the following minimum investment
amounts:
MINIMUM MINIMUM
TYPE OF INVESTMENT SUBSEQUENT
ACCOUNT TO OPEN ACCOUNT INVESTMENTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
REGULAR $50,000 $1,000
IRAs $ 2,000 $ 100
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AUTOMATIC INVESTMENT PLAN MEMBERS
MINIMUM MINIMUM
TYPE OF INVESTMENT SUBSEQUENT
ACCOUNT TO OPEN ACCOUNT INVESTMENTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
REGULAR $50,000 $100 per month minimum
IRAs $ 2,000 $100 per month minimum
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Opening and Adding To Your Account
- ----------------------------------
You can invest in the Fund by mail, wire transfer and through participating
financial service professionals. After you have established your account and
made your first purchase, you may also make subsequent purchases by telephone.
You may also invest in the Fund through an automatic payment plan. Any questions
you may have can be answered by calling 1-800-___-____.
7
<PAGE>
Purchasing Shares By Mail
- -------------------------
To make your initial investment in the Fund, simply complete the Account
Registration Form included with this Prospectus, make a check payable to Meehan
Focus Fund, and mail the Form and check to:
Meehan Mutual Funds, Inc.
c/o Declaration Service Company
555 North Lane, Suite 6160
Conshohocken, PA 19460
To make subsequent purchases, simply make a check payable to Meehan Focus Fund
and mail the check to the above-mentioned address. Be sure to note your Fund
account number on the check.
Your purchase order, if accompanied by payment, will be processed upon receipt
by Declaration Service Company, the Fund's Transfer Agent. If the Transfer Agent
receives your order and payment by the close of regular trading on the NYSE
(currently 4:00 p.m. Eastern time), your shares will be purchased at the Fund's
NAV calculated at the close of regular trading on that day. Otherwise, your
shares will be purchased at the NAV determined as of the close of regular
trading on the next business day.
Purchasing Shares by Wire Transfer
- ----------------------------------
To make an initial purchase of shares by wire transfer, you need to take the
following steps:
1. Call 1-800-___-____ to inform us that a wire is being sent.
2. Obtain an account number from the Transfer Agent.
3. Fill out and mail or fax an Account Application to the Transfer Agent
4. Ask your bank to wire funds to the account of:
Chosen Bank, NA, ABA #: 123456789
Credit: Meehan Mutual Funds, Inc., Acct. #:123456789
Further credit: Meehan Focus Fund,
Acct # [Your Account number]
Include your name(s), address and taxpayer identification number or Social
Security number on the wire transfer instructions. The wire should state that
you are opening a new Fund account.
To make subsequent purchases by wire, ask your bank to wire funds using the
instructions listed above, and be sure to include your account number on the
wire transfer instructions.
If you purchase Fund shares by wire, you must complete and file an Account
Registration Form with the Transfer Agent before any of the shares purchased can
be redeemed. Either fill out and mail the Application Form included with this
prospectus, or call the transfer agent and they will send you an application.
You should contact your bank (which will need to be a commercial bank that is a
member of the Federal Reserve System) for information on sending funds by wire,
including any charges that your bank may make for these services.
Purchases through Financial Service Organizations
- -------------------------------------------------
You may purchase shares of the Fund through participating brokers, dealers, and
other financial professionals. Simply call your investment professional to make
your purchase. If you are a client of a securities broker or other financial
organization, such organizations may charge a separate fee for administrative
services in connection with investments in Fund shares and may impose account
minimums and other requirements. These fees and requirements would be in
addition to those imposed by the Fund. If you are investing through a securities
broker or other financial organization, please refer to its program materials
for any additional special provisions or conditions that may be different from
those described in this Prospectus (for example, some or all of the services and
privileges described may not be available to you). Securities brokers and other
financial organizations have the responsibility of transmitting purchase orders
and funds, and of crediting their customers' accounts following redemptions, in
a timely manner in accordance with their customer agreements and this
Prospectus.
8
<PAGE>
Purchasing Shares by Automatic Investment Plan
- ----------------------------------------------
You may purchase shares of the Fund through an Automatic Investment Plan
("Plan"). The Plan provides a convenient way for you to have money deducted
directly from your checking, savings, or other accounts for investment in shares
of the Fund. You can take advantage of the Plan by filling out the Automatic
Investment Plan application on page __ of this Prospectus. You may only select
this option if you have an account maintained at a domestic financial
institution which is an Automatic Clearing House member for automatic
withdrawals under the Plan. The Fund may alter, modify, amend or terminate the
Plan at any time, and will notify you at least 30 days in advance if it does so.
For more information, call the Transfer Agent at 1-800-___-____.
Purchasing Shares by Telephone
- ------------------------------
In order to be able to purchase shares by telephone, your account authorizing
such purchases must have been established prior to your call. Your initial
purchase of shares may not be made by telephone. Shares purchased by telephone
will be purchased at the per share NAV determined at the close of business on
the day that the Transfer Agent receives payment through the Automated Clearing
House, which could be as many as two days after you place your order for shares.
Call the Transfer Agent for details.
You may make purchases by telephone only if you have an account at a bank that
is a member of the Automated Clearing House. Most transfers are completed within
three business days of your call. To preserve flexibility, the Company may
revise or eliminate the ability to purchase Fund shares by phone, or may charge
a fee for such service, although the Company does not currently expect to charge
such a fee.
The Fund's Transfer Agent employs certain procedures designed to confirm that
instructions communicated by telephone are genuine. Such procedures may include,
but are not limited to, requiring some form of personal identification prior to
acting upon telephonic instructions, providing written confirmations of all such
transactions, and/or tape recording all telephonic instructions. Assuming
procedures such as the above have been followed, neither the Transfer Agent nor
the Fund will be liable for any loss, cost, or expense for acting upon telephone
instructions that are believed to be genuine. The Company shall have authority,
as your agent, to redeem shares in your account to cover any such loss. As a
result of this policy, you will bear the risk of any loss unless the Fund has
failed to follow procedures such as the above. However, if the Fund fails to
follow such procedures, it may be liable for such losses.
Miscellaneous Purchase Information
- ----------------------------------
All applications to purchase shares of the Fund are subject to acceptance or
rejection by authorized officers of the Company and are not binding until
accepted. Applications will not be accepted unless they are accompanied by
payment in U.S. funds. Payment must be made by check or money order drawn on a
U.S. bank, savings and loan association or credit union. The Fund's custodian
will charge a $______ fee against your account, in addition to any loss
sustained by the Fund, for any payment check returned to the custodian for
insufficient funds. The Fund reserves the right to refuse to accept applications
under circumstances or in amounts considered disadvantageous to shareholders. If
you place an order for Fund shares through a securities broker, and you place
your order in proper form before 4:00 p.m. Eastern time on any business day in
accordance with their procedures, your purchase will be processed at the NAV
calculated at 4:00 p.m. on that day, provided the securities broker transmits
your order to the Transfer Agent before 5:00 p.m. Eastern time. The securities
broker must send to the Transfer Agent immediately available funds in the amount
of the purchase price within three business days for the order.
9
<PAGE>
HOW TO SELL (REDEEM) YOUR SHARES
You may sell your shares at any time. You may request the sale of your shares
either by mail, by telephone or by wire.
By Mail
- -------
Sale requests should be mailed via U.S. mail or overnight courier service to:
Declaration Service Company
555 North Lane, Suite 6160
Conshohocken, PA 19460
The redemption price you receive will be the Fund's per share NAV next
calculated after receipt of all required documents in good order. Payment of
redemption proceeds will be made no later than the third business day after the
valuation date unless otherwise expressly agreed by the parties at the time of
the transaction. If you purchase your shares by check and then redeem your
shares before your check has cleared, the Fund may hold your redemption proceeds
until your check clears, or for 15 days, whichever comes first.
"Good order" means that your redemption request must include:
1. Your account number.
2. The number of shares to be sold (redeemed) or the dollar value of the
amount to be redeemed. 3. The signatures of all account owners exactly as
they are registered on the account.
4. Any required signature guarantees.
5. Any supporting legal documentation that is required in the case of estates,
trusts, corporations or partnerships and certain other types of accounts.
Signature Guarantees --
- -----------------------
A signature guarantee of each owner is required to redeem shares in the
following situations, for all size transactions:
o if you change the ownership on your account;
o when you want the redemption proceeds sent to a different address than is
registered on the account;
o if the proceeds are to be made payable to someone other than the account's
owner(s);
o any redemption transmitted by federal wire transfer to your bank; and
o if a change of address request has been received by the Fund or the
Transfer Agent within 15 days previous to the request for redemption.
In addition, signature guarantees are required for all redemptions of $25,000 or
more from any Fund shareholder account. A redemption will not be processed until
the signature guarantee, if required, is received by the Transfer Agent.
Signature guarantees are designed to protect both you and the Fund from fraud.
To obtain a signature guarantee, you should visit a bank, trust company, member
of a national securities exchange, other broker-dealer, or other eligible
guarantor institution. (Notaries public cannot provide signature guarantees.)
Guarantees must be signed by an authorized person at one of these institutions
and be accompanied by the words, "Signature Guarantee."
By Telephone
- ------------
You may redeem your shares in the Fund by calling the Transfer Agent at
1-800-___-____ if you elected to use telephone redemption on your account
application when you initially purchased shares. Redemption proceeds must be
transmitted directly to you or to your pre-designated account at a domestic
bank. You may not redeem by telephone if a change of address request has been
received by the Fund or the Transfer Agent within 15 days prior to the request
for redemption. During periods of substantial economic or market changes,
telephone redemptions may be difficult to implement. If you are unable to
contact the Transfer Agent by telephone, shares may be redeemed by delivering
your redemption request in person or by mail. In addition, interruptions in
telephone service may mean that you will be unable to effect a redemption by
telephone exactly when desired.
10
<PAGE>
By Wire
- -------
You may request the redemption proceeds be wired to your designated bank if it
is a member bank or a correspondent of a member bank of the Federal Reserve
System. The Fund's Custodian charges a $___ fee for outgoing wires.
Redemption At The Option Of The Fund
- ------------------------------------
If the value of the shares in your account falls to less than $2000, the Fund
may notify you that, unless your account is increased to $2000 in value, it will
redeem all your shares and close the account by paying you the redemption
proceeds and any dividends and distributions declared and unpaid at the date of
redemption. You will have thirty days after notice to bring the account up to
$2000 before any action is taken. This right of redemption shall not apply if
the value of your account drops below $2000 as the result of market action. The
Fund reserves this right because of the expense to the Fund of maintaining
relatively small accounts.
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
Dividends paid by the Fund are derived from its net investment income. Net
investment income will be distributed at least annually. The Fund's net
investment income is made up of dividends received from the stocks it holds, as
well as interest accrued and paid on any other obligations that might be held in
its portfolio.
The Fund realizes capital gains when it sells a security for more than it paid
for it. The Fund may make distributions of its net realized capital gains (after
any reductions for capital loss carry forwards), generally, once a year.
Unless you elect to have your distributions paid in cash, your distributions
will be reinvested in additional shares of the Fund. You may change the manner
in which your dividends are paid at any time by writing to the Transfer Agent.
TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The Fund intends to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, so as to be relieved of
federal income tax on its capital gains and net investment income currently
distributed to its shareholders.
Dividends from investment income and net short-term capital gains are generally
taxable to you as ordinary income. Distributions of long-term capital gains are
taxable as long-term capital gains regardless of the length of time shares in
the Fund have been held. Distributions are taxable, whether received in cash or
reinvested in shares of the Fund.
You will be advised annually of the source of distributions for federal income
tax purposes.
A redemption of shares is a taxable event and, accordingly, a capital gain or
loss may be recognized. You should consult a tax adviser regarding the effect of
federal, state, local, and foreign taxes on an investment in the Fund.
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GENERAL INFORMATION
The Fund will not issue stock certificates evidencing shares. Instead, your
account will be credited with the number of shares purchased, relieving you of
responsibility for safekeeping of certificates and the need to deliver them upon
redemption. Written confirmations are issued for all purchases of shares.
In reports or other communications to investors, or in advertising material, the
Fund may describe general economic and market conditions affecting the Fund and
may compare its performance with other mutual funds as listed in the rankings
prepared by Lipper Analytical Services, Inc. or similar nationally recognized
rating services and financial publications that monitor mutual fund performance.
The Fund may also, from time to time, compare its performance to the one or more
appropriate indices.
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FOR MORE INFORMATION
Additional information about the Fund is available in the Fund's Statement of
Additional Information (SAI). The SAI contains more detailed information on all
aspects of the Fund. A current SAI, dated November 15, 1999, has been filed with
the SEC and is incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
To receive information concerning the Fund, or to request a copy of the SAI or
other documents relating to the Fund, please contact the Fund at:
Meehan Mutual Funds, Inc.
c/o Declaration Service Company
555 North Lane, Suite 6160
Conshohocken, PA 19460
1-800-___-____
A copy of your requested document(s) will be sent to you within three days of
your request.
You may also receive information concerning the Fund, or request a copy of the
SAI or other documents relating to the Fund, by contacting the Securities and
Exchange Commission:
IN PERSON: at the SEC's Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C.
BY PHONE: 1-800-SEC-0330
BY MAIL: Public Reference Section, Securities and Exchange Commission,
Washington, D.C. 20549-6009 (duplicating fee required)
ON THE INTERNET: www.sec.gov
Investment Company Act No.
811-_____
<PAGE>
Part B
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Dated November 15, 1999
MEEHAN MUTUAL FUNDS, INC.
Suite 600
1900 M Street, NW
Washington, DC 20036
1-800-___-____
This Statement of Additional Information is not a prospectus and should be read
in conjunction with the Prospectus of Meehan Focus Fund ("Fund"), dated November
15, 1999. You may obtain a copy of the Prospectus, free of charge, by writing to
Meehan Mutual Funds, Inc. ("Company") c/o Declaration Service Company, 555 North
Lane, Suite 6160, Conshohocken, PA 19460 or by calling 1-800-___-____.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Investment Policies and Restrictions
Investment Restrictions
Investment Adviser
Directors and Officers
Performance Information
Purchasing and Redeeming Shares
Tax Information
Portfolio Transactions
Custodian
Transfer Agent
Administration
Distributor
Independent Accountants
Legal Counsel
Distribution Plan
General Information
Financial Statements
<PAGE>
INVESTMENT POLICIES AND RESTRICTIONS
The Fund's investment objectives and the manner in which the Fund pursues its
investment objectives are generally discussed in the prospectus. This section
provides additional information concerning the Fund's investments and its
investment restrictions.
The Fund is a non-diversified Fund, meaning that the Fund can concentrate its
investments in a smaller number of companies than a more diversified fund. The
Fund normally will invest at least 85% of total assets in common stock of U.S.
companies and ADRs of foreign companies, and will normally hold a focused
portfolio consisting of not more than 25 stocks. The Fund may also invest in a
variety of other securities. The types of securities in which the Fund may
ordinarily invest are listed below, along with any restrictions on such
investments, and, where necessary, a brief discussion of any risks unique to the
particular security.
COMMON STOCKS. The Fund will ordinarily invest at least 75% of its total assets
in U.S. common stocks or securities convertible into common stock. The market
value of common stock can fluctuate significantly, reflecting the business
performance of the issuing company, investor perceptions and general economic or
financial market movements. Smaller companies are especially sensitive to these
factors. Despite the risk of price volatility, however, common stocks
historically have offered the greatest potential for gain on investment,
compared to other classes of financial assets. For purposes of the Fund's 75%
minimum investment in common stocks, REITS are considered to be common stock.
REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUSTS. The Fund may invest in real estate investment
trusts (REITs). Equity REITs invest directly in real property while mortgage
REITs invest in mortgages on real property. REITs may be subject to certain
risks associated with the direct ownership of real estate, including declines in
the value of real estate, risks related to general and local economic
conditions, overbuilding and increased competition, increases in property taxes
and operating expenses, and variations in rental income. REITs pay dividends to
their shareholders based upon available funds from operations. It is quite
common for these dividends to exceed the REITs taxable earnings and profits
resulting in the excess portion of such dividends being designated as a return
of capital. The Fund intends to include the gross dividends from such REITs in
its distribution to its shareholders and, accordingly, a portion of the Fund's
distributions may also be designated as a return of capital. The Fund will not
invest more than 20% of its assets in REITS.
FOREIGN SECURITIES. The Fund may invest up to 25% of its total net assets in the
common stock of foreign issuers traded on U.S. exchanges. The Fund may also
invest in foreign securities in the form of American Depository Receipts (ADRs).
The Fund will only invest in ADRs that are issuer sponsored. Sponsored ADRs
typically are issued by a U.S. bank or trust company and evidence ownership of
underlying securities issued by a foreign corporation.
Investments in foreign companies involve certain risks not typically associated
with investing in domestic companies. An investment may be affected by changes
in currency rates and in exchange control regulations. There may be less
publicly available information about a domestic company than about a domestic
company, because foreign companies are not subject to the regulatory
requirements of U.S. companies. Foreign companies generally are not subject to
uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards. Dividends and
interest on foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Such
taxes may reduce the net return to Fund shareholders. Foreign securities are
often denominated in a currency other than the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, the
Fund will be subject to the risks associated with fluctuations in currency
values. Although the Fund will only invest in foreign issuers that are domiciled
in nations considered to have stable and friendly governments, there is the
possibility of expropriation, confiscation, taxation, currency blockage or
political or social instability which could negatively affect the Fund.
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PREFERRED STOCK. The Fund may invest in preferred stock. Preferred stock
generally pays dividends at a specified rate and generally has preference over
common stock in the payments of dividends and the liquidation of the issuer's
assets. Dividends on preferred stock are generally payable at the discretion of
the issuer's board of directors. Accordingly, shareholders may suffer a loss of
value if dividends are not paid. The market prices of preferred stocks are also
sensitive to changes in interest rates and in the issuer's creditworthiness.
Accordingly, shareholders may experience a loss of value due to adverse interest
rate movements or a decline in the issuer's credit rating.
CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES. Traditional convertible securities include corporate
bonds, notes and preferred stocks that may be converted into or exchanged for
common stock, and other securities that also provide an opportunity for equity
participation. These securities are generally convertible either at a stated
price or a stated rate (that is, for a specific number of shares of common stock
or other security). As with other fixed income securities, the price of a
convertible security to some extent varies inversely with interest rates. While
providing a fixed-income stream (generally higher in yield than the income
derivable from a common stock but lower than that afforded by a non-convertible
debt security), a convertible security also affords the investor an opportunity,
through its conversion feature, to participate in the capital appreciation of
the common stock into which it is convertible. As the market price of the
underlying common stock declines, convertible securities tend to trade
increasingly on a yield basis and so may not experience market value declines to
the same extent as the underlying common stock. When the market price of the
underlying common stock increases, the price of a convertible security tends to
rise as a reflection of the value of the underlying common stock. To obtain such
a higher yield, the Fund may be required to pay for a convertible security an
amount in excess of the value of the underlying common stock. Common stock
acquired by the Fund upon conversion of a convertible security will generally be
held for so long as the Advisor anticipates such stock will provide the Fund
with opportunities which are consistent with the Fund's investment objectives
and policies.
DEBT SECURITIES. The Fund may invest in U.S. Government debt securities. U.S.
Government securities include direct obligations of the U.S. Government and
obligations issued by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities. The market
value of such securities fluctuates in response to interest rates and the
creditworthiness of the issuer. In the case of securities backed by the full
faith and credit of the United States Government, shareholders are only exposed
to interest rate risk.
Credit Risk- A debt instrument's credit quality depends on the issuer's
ability to pay interest on the security and repay the debt: the lower the
credit rating, the greater the risk that the security's issuer will
default. The credit risk of a security may also depend on the credit
quality of any bank or financial institution that provides credit
enhancement for the security.
Interest Rate Risk- All debt securities face the risk that their principal
value will decline because of a change in interest rates. Generally,
investments subject to interest rate risk will decrease in value when
interest rates rise and will rise in value when interest rates decline.
Also, the longer a security has until it matures, the more pronounced will
be a change in its value when interest rates change.
MONEY MARKET MUTUAL FUNDS. The Fund may invest in securities issued by other
registered investment companies. As a shareholder of another registered
investment company, the Fund would bear its pro rata portion of that company's
advisory fees and other expenses. Such fees and expenses will be borne
indirectly by the Fund's shareholders.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS. The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in repurchase
agreements ("Repos") with broker-dealers, banks and other financial
institutions, provided that the Fund's custodian at all times has possession of
the securities serving as collateral for the Repos or has proper evidence of
book entry receipt of said securities. In a Repo, the Fund purchases securities
subject to the seller's simultaneous agreement to repurchase those securities
from the Fund at a specified time (usually one day) and price. The repurchase
price
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reflects an agreed-upon interest rate during the time of investment. All Repos
entered into by the Fund must be collateralized by U.S. Government Securities,
the market values of which equal or exceed 102% of the principal amount of the
money invested by the Fund. If an institution with whom the Fund has entered
into a Repo enters insolvency proceedings, the resulting delay, if any, in the
Fund's ability to liquidate the securities serving as collateral could cause the
Fund some loss if the securities declined in value prior to liquidation. To
minimize the risk of such loss, the Fund will enter into Repos only with
institutions and dealers considered creditworthy.
Repurchase Agreement Risk- A repurchase agreement exposes the Fund to the
risk that the party that sells the securities will default on its
obligation to repurchase those securities. If that happens the Fund can
lose money because: (i) it may not be able to sell the securities at the
agreed-upon time and price; and (ii) the securities may lose value before
they can be sold.
CASH RESERVES. The Fund may hold a significant portion of its net assets in
cash, either to maintain liquidity or for temporary defensive purposes.
RESTRICTED AND ILLIQUID SECURITIES. The Fund will not invest more than 15% of
its net assets in securities that the Adviser determines to be illiquid.
Illiquid securities are securities that may be difficult to sell promptly at an
acceptable price because of a lack of an available market and other factors. The
sale of some illiquid and other types of securities may be subject to legal
restrictions. Because illiquid and restricted securities may present a greater
risk of loss than other types of securities, the Fund will not invest in such
securities in excess of the limits set forth above.
The Fund may also invest in securities acquired in a privately negotiated
transaction from the issuer or a holder of the issuer's securities and which may
not be distributed publicly without registration under the Securities Act of
1933.
Restricted and illiquid securities are valued in such manner as the Fund's Board
of Directors ("Board" or "Directors") in good faith deems appropriate to reflect
the fair market value of such securities.
SPECIAL SITUATIONS. The Fund intends to invest in special situations from time
to time. A special situation arises when, in the opinion of Fund management, the
securities of a company will, within a reasonably estimated time period, be
accorded market recognition at an appreciated value solely by reason of a
development particularly or uniquely applicable to that company and regardless
of general business conditions or movements of the market as a whole. Such
developments and situations include, but are not limited to: liquidations,
reorganizations, recapitalizations or mergers, material litigation,
technological breakthroughs, and new management or management policies. Although
large and well-known companies may be involved, special situations often involve
much greater risk than is found in the normal course of investing. To minimize
these risks, the Fund will not invest in special situations unless the target
company has at least three years of continuous operations (including
predecessors), or unless the aggregate value of such investments is not greater
than 25% of the Fund's total net assets (valued at the time of investment).
WHEN-ISSUED SECURITIES AND DELAYED-DELIVERY TRANSACTIONS. The Fund may purchase
securities on a when-issued basis, and it may purchase or sell securities for
delayed-delivery. These transactions occur when securities are purchased or sold
by the Fund with payment and delivery taking place at some future date. The Fund
may enter into such transactions when, in the Adviser's opinion, doing so may
secure an advantageous yield and/or price to the Fund that might otherwise be
unavailable. The Fund has not established any limit on the percentage of assets
it may commit to such transactions, but to minimize the risks of entering into
these transactions, the Fund will maintain a segregated account with its
custodian consisting of cash, or other high-grade liquid debt securities,
denominated in U.S. dollars or non-U.S. currencies, in an amount equal to the
aggregate fair market value of its commitments to such transactions.
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<PAGE>
MASTER-FEEDER OPTION. Notwithstanding its other investment policies, the Fund
may seek to achieve its investment objective by investing all of its investable
net assets in another investment company having the same investment objective
and substantially the same investment policies and restrictions as those of the
Fund. Although such an investment may be made in the sole discretion of the
Directors, the Fund's shareholders will be given 30 days prior notice of any
such investment. There is no current intent to make such an investment.
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER. The Fund has no operating history and therefore has no
annual reportable portfolio turnover. The Fund will generally purchase and sell
securities without regard to the length of time the security has been held.
Accordingly, it can be expected that the rate of portfolio turnover may be
substantial. The Fund expects that its annual portfolio turnover rate will not
exceed 100% under normal conditions. However, there can be no assurance that the
Fund will not exceed this rate, and the portfolio turnover rate may vary from
year to year.
High portfolio turnover in any year will result in the payment by the Fund of
above-average transaction costs and could result in the payment by shareholders
of above-average amounts of taxes on realized investment gains. Distributions to
shareholders of such investment gains, to the extent they consist of short-term
capital gains, will be considered ordinary income for federal income tax
purposes.
Portfolio turnover rate is calculated by dividing (1) the lesser of purchases or
sales of portfolio securities for the for the fiscal year by (2) the monthly
average of the value of portfolio securities owned during the fiscal year. A
100% turnover rate would occur if all the securities in the Fund's portfolio,
with the exception of securities whose maturities at the time of acquisition
were one year or less, were sold and either repurchased or replaced within one
year.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The restrictions listed below are fundamental policies and may be changed only
with the approval of a "majority of the outstanding voting securities" of the
Fund as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the "1940 Act"). As
provided in the 1940 Act, a vote of a "majority of the outstanding voting
securities" of the Fund means the affirmative vote of the lesser of (1) more
than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund, or (2) 67% or more of the shares
of the Fund present at a meeting, if more than 50% of the shares are represented
at the meeting in person or by proxy. Except with respect to borrowing, changes
in values of the Fund's assets as a whole will not cause a violation of the
following investment restrictions so long as percentage restrictions are
observed by the Fund at the time it purchases any security.
The Fund will not:
1. With respect to 85% of its assets (valued at time of investment), normally
invest in more than 25 issuers.
2. Acquire securities of any one issuer that at the time of investment
represent more than 10% of the voting securities of the issuer.
3. Invest more than 25% of its assets (valued at time of investment) in
securities of companies in any one industry.
4. Borrow money, except from banks for temporary or emergency purposes in
amounts not exceeding 20% of the value of the Fund's assets at the time of
borrowing.
5. Underwrite the distribution of securities of other issuers.
6. Invest in companies for the purpose of management or the exercise of
control.
4
<PAGE>
7. Lend money (but this restriction shall not prevent the Fund from investing
in debt securities or repurchase agreements, or lend its portfolio
securities).
8. Issue senior securities.
9. Invest in commodities, futures contracts or options contracts.
The Fund has also adopted the following non-fundamental restrictions that may be
changed by the Board without shareholder approval:
The Fund may not:
1. Make margin purchases.
2. Invest in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs,
although it may invest in marketable securities of companies engaged in
oil, gas or mineral exploration.
3. Purchase or sell real estate or real estate loans or real estate limited
partnerships, although it may invest in marketable securities of companies
that invest in real estate or interests in real estate.
4. Invest more than 15% of its net assets in securities that are not readily
marketable.
5. Acquire securities of other investment companies except as permitted by the
Investment Company Act of 1940. 6. Pledge, mortgage or hypothecate its
assets, except for temporary or emergency purposes and then to an extent
not greater than 20% of its total assets.
INVESTMENT ADVISER
Information on the Fund's investment adviser, Edgemoor Capital Management, Inc.,
is set forth in the prospectus. This section contains additional information
concerning the adviser.
Edgemoor Capital Management, Inc. (the "Adviser") is organized as a Maryland
corporation and is registered as an investment adviser with the Securities and
Exchange Commission. The Adviser's principal occupation and business is to
provide financial management services to individuals, corporations, and other
institutions throughout the United States.
The Adviser manages the investment portfolio and the general business affairs of
the Fund pursuant to an investment services agreement with the Fund dated
__________1999. Mr. Thomas P. Meehan is President of the Adviser, and Messrs.
Thomas P. Meehan, Joseph Meehan and Paul P. Meehan are officers of the Adviser
and Directors of the Company. Mr. Meehan is portfolio manager for the Fund.
The Investment Advisory Agreement.
- ----------------------------------
The Company has entered into an Investment Advisory Agreement ("Advisory
Agreement") with the Adviser. Under the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the
Adviser manages the investment operations of the Fund in accordance with the
Fund's investment policies and restrictions. The Adviser furnishes an investment
program for the Fund, determines what investments should be purchased, sold and
held, and makes changes on behalf of the Company in the investments of the Fund.
At all times the Adviser's actions on behalf of the Fund are subject to the
overall supervision and review of the Board.
The Advisory Agreement provides that the Adviser shall not be liable for any
loss suffered by the Fund or its shareholders as a consequence of any act or
omission in connection with services under the Advisory Agreement, except by
reason of the Adviser's willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or
reckless disregard of its obligations and duties.
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The Advisory Agreement has a term of two years, but may be continued thereafter
from year to year so long as its continuance is approved at least annually (a)
by the vote of a majority of the Directors of the Fund who are not "interested
persons" of the Fund or the Adviser cast in person at a meeting called for the
purpose of voting on such approval, and (b) by the Board of Directors as a whole
or by the vote of a majority (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the outstanding
shares of the Fund.
The Advisory Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its
assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).
For its investment advisory services to the Fund, the Company pays to the
Adviser, on the last day of each month, an annualized fee equal to 1.00% of
average net assets of the Fund, such fee to be computed daily based upon the
daily average net assets of the Fund.
The Operating Services Agreement
- --------------------------------
The Company has also entered into an Operating Services Agreement with the
Adviser ("Services Agreement"). Under the terms of the Services Agreement, the
Adviser provides, or arranges to provide, day-to-day operational services to the
Fund including, but not limited to:
1. accounting 6. custodial
2. administrative 7. fund share distribution
3. legal (except litigation) 8. shareholder reporting
4. dividend disbursing and transfer agent 9. sub-accounting, and
5. registrar 10. record keeping services
For its services to the Fund under the Services Agreement, the Fund pays to the
Adviser, on the last day of each month, an annualized fee equal to 0.50% of
average net asset value of the Fund, such fee to be computed daily based upon
the net asset value of the Fund.
Under the Services Agreement, the Adviser may, with the Company's permission,
employ third parties to assist it in performing the various services required of
the Fund. The Adviser is responsible for compensating such parties.
The effect of the Advisory Agreement and the Operating Services Agreement
together is to place a "cap" on the Fund's normal operating expenses at 1.50%.
The only other expenses which may be incurred by the Fund are brokerage fees,
taxes, legal fees relating to Fund litigation, and other extraordinary expenses.
DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
The Board Of Directors ("Board" or "Directors") has overall responsibility for
conduct of the Company's affairs. The day-to-day operations of the Fund are
managed by the Adviser, subject to the Bylaws of the Company and review by the
Board. The Directors of the Company, including those Directors who are also
officers, are listed below.
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Position Principal Occupation for
Name, Age with Fund The Last Five Years
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thomas P. Meehan*; President, President, Edgemoor Capital Management,
(Age 59) Director Inc., a registered investment adviser,
Suite 600 since 1999. President, Sherman, Meehan,
1900 M Street NW Curtin & Ain, a Washington, DC, law firm
Washington DC 20036 (1991 and 1993-1999). Trustee, Sherman,
Meehan Curtin & Ain Pension and Profit
Sharing Plans (1973-1999). Member, Bar
Association of the District of Columbia;
Maryland State Bar Association, Bar of
the United States Supreme Court.
Graduate of Middlebury College in 1962
(BA) and Duke University School of Law
in 1965 (JD), with honors; elected to
the Order of the Coif.
* Indicates an "interested person" as defined in the 1940 Act.
Pursuant to its obligations to the Company under the Services Agreement, the
Adviser is responsible for paying compensation, if any, to each of the Company's
independent Directors during the fiscal year ending December 31, 2000.
Control Persons and Shareholders Owning in Excess of 5% of Fund Shares
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
The Adviser intends to purchase all of the outstanding shares of the Fund prior
to the Fund's effective date, and will accordingly be deemed to then control the
Fund.
PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
From time to time the Fund may quote total return figures. "Total Return" for a
period is the percentage change in value during the period of an investment in
Fund shares, including the value of shares acquired through reinvestment of all
dividends and capital gains distributions. "Average Annual Total Return" is the
average annual compounded rate of change in value represented by the Total
Return Percentage for the period.
Average Annual Total Return is computed as follows: P(1+T)[n] = ERV
Where: P = a hypothetical initial investment of $1000]
T = average annual total return
n = number of years
ERV = ending redeemable value of shares at the end of the period
The Fund's performance is a function of conditions in the securities markets,
portfolio management, and operating expenses. Although information such as that
shown above is useful in reviewing the Fund's performance and in providing some
basis for comparison with other investment alternatives, it should not be used
for comparison with other investments using different reinvestment assumptions
or time periods.
In sales literature, the Fund's performance may be compared with that of market
indices and other mutual funds. In addition to the above computations, the Fund
might use comparative performance as computed in a ranking determined by Lipper
Analytical Services, Morningstar, Inc., or that of another service.
PURCHASING AND REDEEMING SHARES
Purchases and redemptions of the Fund's shares will be made at net asset value
("NAV"). The Fund's NAV is determined on days on which the New York Stock
Exchange ("NYSE") is open for trading. For purposes of computing the NAV of a
share of the Fund, securities traded on security exchanges, or in the
over-the-counter market in which transaction prices are reported, are valued at
the last sales price at the time of valuation or, lacking any reported sales on
that day, at the most recent bid quotations. Securities for which quotations are
not available and any other assets are valued at a fair market value as
determined in good faith by the Adviser, subject to the review and supervision
of the Board. The price per share for a purchase order or redemption request is
the NAV next determined after receipt of the order.
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The Fund is open for business on each day that the NYSE is open. The Fund's
share price or NAV is normally determined as of 4:00 p.m., Eastern time. The
Fund's share price is calculated by subtracting its liabilities from the closing
fair market value of its total assets and dividing the result by the total
number of shares outstanding on that day. Fund liabilities include accrued
expenses and dividends payable, and its total assets include the market value of
the portfolio securities as well as income accrued but not yet received. Since
the Fund generally does not charge sales or redemption fees, the NAV is the
offering price for shares of the Fund.
TAX INFORMATION
The Fund intends to qualify as a regulated investment company ("RIC") under
Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, so as to be
relieved of federal income tax on its capital gains and net investment income
currently distributed to its shareholders. To qualify as a RIC, the Fund must,
among other things, derive at least 90% of its gross income from dividends,
interest, payments with respect to securities loans, gains from the sale or
other disposition of stock, securities, or other income derived with respect to
its business of investing in such stock or securities.
If the Fund qualifies as a RIC and distributes at least 90% of its net
investment income, the Fund will not be subject to Federal income tax on the
income so distributed. However, the Fund would be subject to corporate income
tax on any undistributed income other than tax-exempt income from municipal
securities.
The Fund intends to distribute to shareholders, at least annually, substantially
all net investment income and any net capital gains realized from sales of the
Fund's portfolio securities. Dividends from net investment income and
distributions from any net realized capital gains are reinvested in additional
shares of the Fund unless the shareholder has requested in writing to have them
paid by check.
If shares are purchased shortly before a record date for a distribution, the
shareholder will, in effect, receive a return of a portion of his investment,
but the distribution will be taxable to him even if the net asset value of the
shares is reduced below the shareholder's cost. However, for federal income tax
purposes the original cost would continue as the tax basis.
If a shareholder fails to furnish his social security or other tax
identification number or to certify properly that it is correct, the Fund may be
required to withhold federal income tax at the rate of 31% (backup withholding)
from dividend, capital gain and redemption payments to him. Dividend and capital
gain payments may also be subject to backup withholding if the shareholder fails
to certify properly that he is not subject to backup withholding due to the
under-reporting of certain income.
Taxation of the Shareholder. Taxable distributions generally are included in a
shareholder's gross income for the taxable year in which they are received.
However, dividends declared in October, November and December and made payable
to shareholders of record in such month will be deemed to have been received on
December 31st if paid by the Fund during the following January.
Distributions by the Fund will result in a reduction in the fair market value of
the Fund's shares. Should a distribution reduce the fair market value below a
shareholder's cost basis, such distribution would be taxable to the shareholder
as ordinary income or as a long-term capital gain, even though, from an
investment standpoint, it may constitute a partial return of capital. In
particular, investors should be careful to consider the tax implications of
buying shares of the Fund just prior to a distribution. The price of such shares
include the amount of any forthcoming distribution so that those investors may
receive a return of investment upon distribution which will, nevertheless, be
taxable to them.
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Dividends. A portion of the Fund's income may qualify for the dividends-received
deduction available to corporate shareholders to the extent that the Fund's
income is derived from qualifying dividends. Because the Fund may earn other
types of income, such as interest, income from securities loans, non-qualifying
dividends, and short-term capital gains, the percentage of dividends from the
Fund that qualifies for the deduction generally will be less than 100%. The Fund
will notify corporate shareholders annually of the percentage of Fund dividends
that qualifies for the dividend received deductions.
A portion of the Fund's dividends derived from certain U.S. Government
obligations may be exempt from state and local taxation. Short-term capital
gains are distributed as dividend income. The Fund will send each shareholder a
notice in January describing the tax status of dividends and capital gain
distributions for the prior year.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
Decisions to buy and sell securities for the Fund are made by the Adviser. In
placing purchase and sale orders for portfolio securities for the Fund, it is
the policy of the Adviser to seek the best execution of orders at the most
favorable price. In selecting brokers to effect portfolio transactions, the
determination of what is expected to result in the best execution at the most
favorable price involves a number of largely judgmental considerations. Among
these are the Adviser's evaluation of the broker's efficiency in executing and
clearing transactions, the rate of commission or the size of the broker-dealer's
"spread", the size and difficulty of the order, the nature of the market for the
security, operational capabilities of the broker-dealer, and the research and
other services provided. The Fund may pay more than the lowest available
commission in return for brokerage and research services. Research and other
services may include information as to the availability of securities for
purchase or sale, statistical or factual information or opinions pertaining to
securities and reports and analysis concerning issuers and their
creditworthiness. The Adviser may use research and other services to service all
of its clients, rather than the particular clients whose commissions may pay for
research or other services. In other words, the Fund's brokerage may be used to
pay for a research service that is used in managing another client of the
Adviser.
The Adviser may purchase or sell portfolio securities on behalf of the Fund in
agency or principal transactions. In agency transactions, the Fund generally
pays brokerage commissions. In principal transactions, the Fund generally does
not pay commissions. However, the price paid for the security may include an
undisclosed commission or "mark-up" or selling concessions. The Adviser normally
purchases fixed-income securities on a net basis from primary market makers
acting as principals for the securities. The Adviser may purchase certain money
market instruments directly from an issuer without paying commissions or
discounts. Over-the-counter securities are generally purchased and sold directly
with principal market makers who retain the difference in their cost in the
security and its selling price. In some instances, the Adviser feels that better
prices are available from non-principal market makers who are paid commissions
directly.
The Adviser may combine transaction orders placed on behalf of the Fund with
orders placed on behalf of any other fund or private account managed by the
Adviser for the purpose of negotiating brokerage commissions or obtaining a more
favorable transaction price. In these cases, transaction costs are shared
proportionately by the fund or account, as applicable, which are part of the
block. If an aggregated trade is not completely filled, then the Adviser
typically allocates the trade among the funds or accounts, as applicable, on a
pro rata basis based upon account size. Exemptions are permitted on a
case-by-case basis when judged by the Adviser to be fair and reasonable to the
funds or accounts involved.
Trading by the Portfolio Manager
- --------------------------------
Pursuant to Section 17(j) of the 1940 Act and Rule 17j-1 thereunder, the Fund,
the Adviser, and the Distributor have adopted Codes of Ethics restricting
personal securities trading by the Fund's Portfolio Manager. These Codes are on
public file, and are available from the Securities and Exchange Commission.
While the Codes permit personal transactions by the Portfolio Manager in
securities held or to be acquired by the Fund, the Codes prohibit and are
designed to prevent fraudulent activity in connection with such personal
transactions.
9
<PAGE>
CUSTODIAN
Chosen Bank, 123 Main Street, Anywhere, USA, acts as custodian for the Fund. As
such, Chosen Bank holds all securities and cash of the Fund, delivers and
receives payment for securities sold, receives and pays for securities
purchased, collects income from investments and performs other duties, all as
directed by officers of the Company. Chosen Bank does not exercise any
supervisory function over management of the Fund, the purchase and sale of
securities or the payment of distributions to shareholders.
TRANSFER AGENT
Declaration Service Company, 555 North Lane, Suite 6160, Conshohocken, PA 19428
("DSC") acts as transfer, dividend disbursing, and shareholder servicing agent
for the Fund pursuant to a written agreement with the Company and the Adviser.
Under the agreement, DSC is responsible for administering and performing
transfer agent functions, dividend distribution, shareholder administration, and
maintaining necessary records in accordance with applicable rules and
regulations.
For the services to be rendered as transfer agent, the Adviser shall pay DSC an
annual fee, paid monthly, based on the average net assets of the Fund, as
determined by valuations made as of the close of each business day of the month.
ADMINISTRATION
DSC also acts as administrator to the Fund pursuant to a written agreement with
the Company and Adviser. DSC supervises all aspects of the operations of the
Fund except those performed by the Fund's investment adviser under the Fund's
investment advisory agreement. DSC is responsible for:
(a) calculating the Fund's net asset value;
(b) preparing and maintaining the books and accounts specified in Rule 31a-1;
and 31a-2 of the Investment Company Act of 1940;
(c) preparing financial statements contained in reports to stockholders of the;
Fund
(d) preparing the Fund's federal and state tax returns;
(e) preparing reports and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission;
(f) preparing filings with state Blue Sky authorities; and
(g) maintaining the Fund's financial accounts and records.
For the services to be rendered as administrator, the Adviser shall pay DSC an
annual fee, paid monthly, based on the average net assets of the Fund, as
determined by valuations made as of the close of each business day of the month.
DISTRIBUTOR
Declaration Distributors, Inc. (DDI), 555 North Lane, Suite 6160, Conshohocken,
PA 19460, acts as the principal underwriter of the Fund's shares pursuant to a
written agreement with the Fund and the Adviser ("Distribution Agreement"). DDI
and DSC are both wholly-owned subsidiaries of Declaration Holdings, Inc., a
Delaware corporation.
Pursuant to the Distribution Agreement, DDI facilitates the registration of the
Funds' shares under state securities laws and assists in the sale of shares. For
providing underwriting services to the Fund, DDI is paid an annual fixed fee by
the Adviser .
The Adviser shall bear the expense of all filing or registration fees incurred
in connection with the registration of the Fund's shares under state securities
laws.
The Distribution Agreement may be terminated by either party upon 60 days' prior
written notice to the other party.
10
<PAGE>
INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
Tait, Weller & Baker, 8 Penn Center Plaza, Suite 800, Philadelphia, PA
19103-2108, will serve as the Company's independent auditors for its first
fiscal year.
LEGAL COUNSEL
Kirkpatrick & Lockhart, 1800 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington, DC
20036-1800, has passed on certain matters relating to this registration
statement and acts as counsel to the Company.
DISTRIBUTION PLAN
As noted in the Fund's Prospectus, the Fund has adopted a plan pursuant to Rule
12b-1 under the 1940 Act (the "Plan") whereby the Fund is authorized to pay a
fee of 0.35% per annum of the Fund's average daily net assets to the Adviser and
others to compensate them for certain expenses incurred in the distribution of
the Fund's shares and the servicing or maintaining of existing Fund shareholder
accounts. The fees may be paid on a monthly basis, in arrears.
Although the Plan has been adopted by the Board, the Board has decided not to
implement the Plan for at least the Fund's first full fiscal year, in order to
minimize the ongoing expenses of the Fund during the Fund's start-up phase. The
Board will implement the Plan when and if circumstances so warrant.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Meehan Mutual Funds, Inc., an open-end diversified management investment
company, was incorporated in Maryland on September 3, 1999. The Fund is a
non-diversified series of the Company. The affairs of the Company are managed by
a Board of Directors. The Board has delegated the day-to-day operations of the
Fund to the Adviser, which operates the Fund under the Board's general
supervision.
The Company's Articles of Incorporation permit the Board to issue 100,000,000
shares of common stock. The Board has the power to designate one or more
separate and distinct series and/or classes of shares of common stock and to
classify or reclassify any unissued shares with respect to such series.
Currently, the Fund is the only series of shares being offered by the Company.
Shareholders are entitled to: one vote per full share; to such distributions as
may be declared by the Company's Board of Directors out of funds legally
available; and upon liquidation, to participate ratably in the assets available
for distribution.
There are no conversion or sinking fund provisions applicable to the shares, and
shareholders have no preemptive rights and may not cumulate their votes in the
election of directors. The shares are redeemable and are fully transferable. All
shares issued and sold by the Fund will be fully paid and nonassessable.
According to the law of Maryland under which the Company is incorporated, and
the Company's Bylaws, the Company is not required to hold an annual meeting of
shareholders unless required to do so under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
Accordingly, the Company will not hold annual shareholder meetings unless
required to do so under the Act. Shareholders do have the right to call a
meeting of shareholders for the purpose of voting to remove directors. The
Company will call a meeting of shareholders for the purpose of voting upon the
question of removal of a director or directors when requested in writing to do
so by record holders of at least 10% of the Fund's outstanding common shares.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Audited financial statements with respect to the pre-operating period of the
Fund are included as an exhibit to this document.
11
<PAGE>
PART C
------
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 23. Financial Statements and Exhibits
(a) Articles of Incorporation--- Filed herewith as Exhibit 23A
(b) By-Laws--- Filed herewith as Exhibit 23B
(c) Instruments defining rights of Shareholders---None, See Articles of
Incorporation
(d) Investment Advisory Contracts--- *
(e) Underwriting Contracts--- *
(f) Bonus or Profit Sharing Contracts--- *
(g) Custodian Agreements--- *
(h) Other Material Contracts--- *
(i) Legal Opinion--- *
(j) Other opinions--- *
(k) Omitted Financial statements--- None
(l) Initial Capital Agreements--- *
(m) Rule 12b-1 Plan--- *
(n) Financial Data Schedule--- Not Applicable
(o) Rule 18f-3 Plan-- None
* To be filed by amendment
Item 24. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control With Registrant
-------------------------------------------------------------
There are no persons controlled by or under common control with the Fund.
Item 25. Indemnification
---------------
(a) General. The Articles of Incorporation (the "Articles") of the
Corporation provide that to the fullest extent permitted by
Maryland and federal statutory and decisional law, as amended or
interpreted, no director or officer of this Corporation shall be
personally liable to the Corporation or the holders of shares for
money damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director and each
director and officer shall be indemnified by the Corporation;
provided, however, that nothing herein shall be deemed to protect
any director or officer of the Corporation against any liability
to the Corporation or the holders of shares to which such
director or officer would otherwise be subject by reason of
breach of the director's or officer's duty of loyalty to the
Corporation or its stockholders, for acts or omissions not in
good faith or which involved intentional misconduct or a knowing
violation of law or for any transaction from which the director
derived any improper personal benefit.
The By-Laws of the Corporation, Article VI, provide that the
Corporation shall indemnify to the fullest extent required or
permitted under Maryland law or The Investment Company Act of
1940, as either may be amended from time to time, any individual
who is a director or officer of the Corporation and who, by
reason of his or her position was, is or is threatened to be made
a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or
proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or
investigative (hereinafter collectively referred to as a
"Proceeding") against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements
and reasonable expenses actually incurred by such director or
officer in connection with such Proceeding, to the fullest extent
that such indemnification may be lawful under Maryland law or the
Investment Company Act of 1940.
<PAGE>
(b) Disabling Conduct. No director or officer shall be protected
against any liability to the Corporation or its shareholders if
such director or officer would be subject to such liability by
reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or
reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his
or her office (such conduct hereinafter referred to as "Disabling
Conduct").
Article 2-418 of the General Corporation Laws of Maryland
provides that no indemnification of a director or officer may be
made unless: (1) there is a final decision on the merits by a
court or other body before whom the Proceeding was brought that
the director or officer to be indemnified was not liable by
reason of Disabling Conduct; or (2) in the absence of such a
decision, there is a reasonable determination, based upon a
review of the facts, that the director or officer to be
indemnified was not liable by reason of Disabling Conduct, which
determination shall be made by: (i) the vote of a majority of a
quorum of directors who are neither "interested persons" of the
Corporation as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment
Company Act of 1940, nor parties to the Proceeding; or (ii) an
independent legal counsel in a written opinion.
(c) Standard of Conduct. The Corporation may not indemnify any
director if it is proved that: (1) the act or omission of the
director was material to the cause of action adjudicated in the
Proceeding and (i) was committed in bad faith or (ii) was the
result of active and deliberate dishonesty; or (2) the director
actually received an improper personal benefit; or (3) in the
case of a criminal proceeding, the director had reasonable cause
to believe that the act or omission was unlawful. No
indemnification may be made under Maryland law unless authorized
for a specific proceeding after a determination has been made, in
accordance with Maryland law, that indemnification is permissible
in the circumstances because the requisite standard of conduct
has been met.
(d) Required Indemnification. A director or officer who is
successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any
Proceeding shall be indemnified against reasonable expenses
incurred by the director or officer in connection with the
Proceeding. In addition, under Maryland law, a court of
appropriate jurisdiction may order indemnification under certain
circumstances.
(e) Advance Payment. The Corporation may pay any reasonable expenses
so incurred by any director or officer in defending a Proceeding
in advance of the final disposition thereof to the fullest extent
permissible under Maryland law. Such advance payment of expenses
shall be made only upon the undertaking by such director or
officer to repay the advance unless it is ultimately determined
that such director or officer is entitled to indemnification, and
only if one of the following conditions is met: (1) the director
or officer to be indemnified provides a security for his
undertaking; (2) the Corporation shall be insured against losses
arising by reason of any lawful advances; or (3) there is a
determination, based on a review of readily available facts, that
there is reason to believe that the director or officer to be
indemnified ultimately will be entitled to indemnification, which
determination shall be made by: (i) a majority of a quorum of
directors who are neither "interested persons" of the
Corporation, as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment
Company Act of 1940, nor parties to the Proceeding; or (ii) an
independent legal counsel in a written opinion.
(f) Insurance. To the fullest extent permitted by Maryland law and
Section 17(h) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, the
Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any
officer or director of the Corporation, against any liability
asserted against him or her and incurred by him or her in and
arising out of his or her position, whether or not the
Corporation would have the power to indemnify him or her against
such liability.
Item 26. Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser
----------------------------------------------------
Mr. Meehan was a founding partner of Sherman, Meehan, Curtin & Ain, a
Washington, DC law firm. Mr. Meehan has served as President of his law
firm for many years, has served on the firm's Executive Committee
since the firm's inception and has been responsible for the financial
management of the firm. Mr. Meehan was a charter trustee of the firm's
pension and profit sharing plans and has served as the investment
manager of these plans since their inceptions in 1973.
<PAGE>
Item 27. Principal Underwriter
---------------------
Declaration Distributors, Inc., 555 North Lane, Suite 6160,
Conshohocken, PA 19428 ("DDI"), acts as principal underwriter for the
Fund. DDI is a registered broker-dealer, and offers underwriting
services to a number of mutual funds nationwide.
Pursuant to its agreement with the Fund, DDI offers shares of the Fund
to the public on a continuous basis. DDI is not obligated to sell any
fixed number of shares, but only to sell shares to fill orders as
received by DDI.
Neither DDI nor any person affiliated with DDI is an affiliated person of the
Fund.
Item 28. Location of Accounts and Records
--------------------------------
The books and records of the Fund, other than the accounting and
transfer agency (including dividend disbursing) records, are
maintained by the Fund at Suite 600, 1900 M Street NW, Washington, DC
20036. The Fund's accounting and transfer agency records are
maintained at Declaration Service Company, 555 North Lane, Suite 6160,
Conshohocken, PA 19428.
Item 29. Management Services
-------------------
None
Item 30. Undertakings
------------
The Registrant undertakes to file an amendment to the registration
statement with certified financial statements showing the initial
capital received before accepting subscriptions from more than 25
persons in the event the Fund chooses to raise its initial capital
under Section 14(a)(3) of the Investment Company Act of 1940.
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the
Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant has duly caused this Registration
Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, hereunto duly
authorized in Washington, DC on the 7th day of September, 1999.
MEEHAN MUTUAL FUNDS, INC.
/s/ Thomas P. Meehan
- --------------------
By: THOMAS P. MEEHAN
President
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities and on the date indicated:
MEEHAN MUTUAL FUNDS, INC.
NAME TITLE DATE
/s/ Thomas P. Meehan President & September 7, 1999
- -------------------------- Director
THOMAS P. MEEHAN
/s/ Terence P. Smith Treasurer September 7, 1999
- --------------------------
TERENCE P. SMITH
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT INDEX
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXHIBIT 23A- Articles of Incorporation of Meehan Mutual Funds, Inc.
EXHIBIT 23B- By-Laws of Meehan Mutual Funds, Inc.
EXHIBIT 23A
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
OF
MEEHAN MUTUAL FUNDS, INC.
FIRST: The undersigned, Staci E. Drake, whose post office address is PMB # 134,
518 Kimberton Road, Phoenixville, PA 19460, being at least eighteen years of
age, does hereby form a corporation under the General Laws of the State of
Maryland.
SECOND: The name of the corporation (which is hereinafter called the
Corporation) is:
MEEHAN MUTUAL FUNDS, INC.
THIRD: The purposes for which the Corporation is formed are to act as an
open-end management investment company, as contemplated by the Investment
Company Act of 1940, as amended ("1940 Act"), and to exercise and enjoy all of
the powers, rights and privileges granted to, or conferred upon, corporations by
the General Laws of the State of Maryland now or hereafter in force, including,
without limitation:
(a) To hold, invest and reinvest the funds of the Corporation, and in
connection therewith to hold part or all of its funds in cash, and to
purchase, subscribe for or otherwise acquire, to hold for investment
or otherwise, to trade and deal in, write, sell, assign, negotiate,
transfer, exchange, lend, pledge or otherwise dispose of or turn to
account or realize upon, securities of any corporation, company,
association, trust, firm, partnership, or other organization however
or wherever established or organized, as well as securities created or
issued by any United States or foreign issuer (which term "issuer"
shall, for the purpose of these Articles of Incorporation, without
limiting the generality thereof, be deemed to include any persons,
firms, associations, partnerships, corporations, syndicates,
combinations, organizations, governments or subdivisions, agencies or
instrumentalities of any government); and to exercise, as owner or
holder of any securities, all rights, powers and privileges in respect
thereof, including the right to vote thereon; to aid by further
investment any issuer, any obligation of or interest in which is held
by the Corporation or in the affairs of which the Corporation has any
direct or indirect interest; to guarantee or become surety on any or
all of the contracts, stocks, bonds, notes, debentures and other
obligations of any corporation, company, trust, association or firm;
and to do any and all acts and things for the preservation,
protection, improvement and enhancement in value of any and all such
securities.
For the purposes of these Articles of Incorporation, as the same may
be supplemented or amended, the term "securities" shall be deemed to
include, without limiting the generality thereof, any stocks, Shares,
bonds, debentures, bills, notes, mortgages and any other obligations
or evidences of indebtedness, and any options, certificates, receipts,
warrants, futures or forward contracts, or other instruments
representing rights to receive, purchase, subscribe for or sell the
same, or evidencing or representing any other direct or indirect
rights or interests therein, including all rights of equitable
ownership therein, or in any property or assets; and any negotiable or
non-negotiable instruments, including money market instruments, bank
certificates of deposit, finance paper, commercial paper, bankers'
acceptances and all types of repurchase or reverse repurchase
agreements; interest rate protection instruments; and derivative or
synthetic instruments.
<PAGE>
(b) To acquire all or any part of the goodwill, rights, property and
business of any person, firm, association or corporation heretofore or
hereafter engaged in any business similar to any business which the
Corporation has the power to conduct, and to hold, utilize, enjoy and
in any manner dispose of the whole or any part of the rights, property
and business so acquired, and to assume in connection therewith any
liabilities of any such person, firm, association or corporation.
(c) To apply for, obtain, purchase or otherwise acquire, any patents,
copyrights, licenses, trademarks, trade names and the like, which may
be capable of being used for any of the purposes of the Corporation;
and to use, exercise, develop, grant licenses in respect of, sell and
otherwise turn to account, the same.
(d) To issue and sell Shares of its own capital stock and securities
convertible into such capital stock in such amounts and on such terms
and conditions, for such purposes and for such amount or kind of
consideration (including without limitations, securities) now or
hereafter permitted by the laws of the State of Maryland, by the 1940
Act and by these Articles of Incorporation, as its Board of Directors
may, and is hereby authorized to, determine.
(e) To allocate assets, liabilities and expenses of the Corporation to a
particular series or Class or to apportion the same between or among
two or more series or Classes, as applicable, provided that any
liabilities or expenses incurred by a particular series or Class shall
be payable solely by that series or Class as provided for in Article
EIGHTH.
(f) To purchase, repurchase or otherwise acquire, hold, dispose of,
resell, transfer, reissue or cancel (all without the vote or consent
of the stockholders of the Corporation) Shares of its capital stock in
any manner and to the extent now or hereafter permitted by the laws of
the State of Maryland, by the 1940 Act and by these Articles of
Incorporation.
(g) To conduct its business in all branches at one or more offices in any
part of the world, without restriction or limit as to extent.
(h) To exercise and enjoy, in any states, territories, districts and
United States dependencies and in foreign countries, all of the
powers, rights and privileges granted to, or conferred upon,
corporations by the General Laws of the State of Maryland now or
hereafter in force.
(i) To enjoy all rights, powers and privileges of ownership or interest in
all securities held by the Corporation, including the right to vote
and otherwise act with respect thereto and to do all acts for the
preservation, protection, improvement, and enhancement in value of all
such securities.
(j) In general, to carry on any other business in connection with or
incidental to its corporate purposes, to do everything necessary,
suitable or proper for the accomplishment of such purposes or for the
attainment of any object or the furtherance of any power set forth in
these Articles of Incorporation, either alone or in association with
others, to do every other act or thing incidental or appurtenant to or
growing out of or connected with its business or purposes, objects or
powers, and, subject to the foregoing, to have and exercise all the
powers, rights and privileges granted to, or conferred upon,
corporations by the laws of the State of Maryland as in force from
time to time.
<PAGE>
The foregoing objects and purposes shall, except as otherwise expressly
provided, be in no way limited or restricted by reference to, or inference from,
the terms of any other clause of this or any other Article of these Articles of
Incorporation, and shall each be regarded as independent and construed as a
power as well as an object and a purpose, and the enumeration of specific
purposes, objects and powers shall not be construed to limit or restrict in any
manner the meaning of general terms or the general powers of the Corporation now
or hereafter conferred by the laws of Maryland, nor shall the expression of one
thing be deemed to exclude another though it be of like nature, not expressed;
provided however, that the Corporation shall not have power to carry on within
the State of Maryland any business whatsoever the carrying on of which would
preclude it from being Classified as an ordinary business corporation under the
laws of said State; nor shall it carry on any business, or exercise any powers,
in any other state, territory, district or country except to the extent that the
same may lawfully be carried on or exercised under the laws thereof.
Incident to meeting the purposes specified above, the Corporation also
shall have the power, without limitation:
(1) To acquire (by purchase, lease or otherwise) and to take, receive, own,
hold, use, employ, maintain, develop, dispose of (by sale or otherwise) and
otherwise deal with any real or personal property, wherever located, and
any interest therein.
(2) To make contracts and guarantees, incur liabilities and borrow money and,
in this connection, issue notes or other evidence of indebtedness.
(3) To buy, hold, sell, and otherwise deal in and with commodities, indices of
commodities or securities, and foreign exchange, including the purchase and
sale of futures contracts, options on futures contracts related thereto and
forward contracts, subject to any applicable provisions of law.
(4) To sell, lease, exchange, transfer, convey, mortgage, pledge and otherwise
dispose of any or all of its assets.
FOURTH: The post office address of the principal office of the Corporation in
Maryland is 5309 Hampden Lane, Bethesda, MD 20814. The name and post office
address of the resident agent is Thomas P. Meehan, at the same address. Said
resident agent is a resident of the State of Maryland.
FIFTH: The total number of shares of stock that the Corporation has authority to
issue is One Hundred Million (100,000,000) at 0.0001 par value, and of the
aggregate par value of $10,000.
SIXTH: The number of directors of the Corporation shall be 1 which number may be
increased or decreased pursuant to the by-laws of the Corporation, and so long
as there are less than three (3) stockholders, the number of directors may be
less than three (3) but not less than the number of stockholders, and the name
(s) of the director (s) who shall act until their successors are duly chosen and
qualified is (are):
THOMAS P. MEEHAN
SEVENTH: The duration of the Corporation shall be perpetual.
EIGHTH: Section 8.1. CAPITAL STOCK. The total number of Shares of capital stock
which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is one hundred million
(100,000,000) Shares, of the par value of one one-hundreth of one cent ($.0001)
("Shares"), and of the aggregate par value of ten thousand dollars ($10,000).
The Board of Directors shall have full power and authority, in its sole
discretion and without obtaining any prior authorization or vote of the
Stockholders, to change in any manner and to create and establish Shares having
such preferences, terms of conversion, rights, voting powers, restrictions,
limitations as to dividends, qualifications, and terms and conditions of
redemption as shall be fixed and determined from time to time by resolution or
resolutions providing for the issuance of such Shares adopted by the Board of
Directors.
<PAGE>
The Shares may be issued by the Board of Directors in such separate and distinct
series ("Series") and Classes ("Classes") as the Board of Directors shall from
time to time create and establish. The Board of Directors is authorized, from
time to time, to divide or combine the Shares into a greater or lesser number,
to classify or reclassify any unissued Shares of the Corporation into one or
more separate Series or Classes of Shares, and to take such other action with
respect to the Shares as the Board of Directors may deem desirable. In addition,
the Board of Directors is hereby expressly granted authority to increase or
decrease the number of Shares of any Series or Class, but the number of Shares
of any Series or Class shall not be decreased by the Board of Directors below
the number of Shares thereof then outstanding. The Board of Directors, in its
discretion without a vote of the Stockholders, may divide the Shares of any
Series into Classes. The Shares of any Series or Class of stock shall have such
preferences, rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends,
qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption as shall be fixed and
determined from time to time by the Board of Directors.
The Corporation may hold as treasury Shares, reissue for such consideration and
on such terms as the Board of Directors may determine, or cancel, at its
discretion from time to time, any Shares reacquired by the Corporation. No
holder of any of the Shares shall be entitled as of right to subscribe for,
purchase, or otherwise acquire any Shares of the Corporation which the
Corporation proposes to issue or reissue.
Without limiting the authority of the Board of Directors set forth herein to
establish and designate any further Series or Classes, and to classify and
reclassify any unissued Shares, there is hereby established and classified one
Series of stock comprising fifty million (50,000,000) Shares, to be known as the
Meehan Focus Fund.
The corporation shall have authority to issue any additional Shares hereafter
authorized and any Shares redeemed or repurchased by the Corporation. All Shares
of any Series or Class when properly issued in accordance with these Articles of
Incorporation shall be fully paid and nonassessable.
Section 8.2. ESTABLISHMENT OF SERIES AND CLASSES. The establishment of any
Series or Class of Shares in addition to those established in Section 8.1 hereof
shall be effective upon the adoption of a resolution by the Board of Directors
setting forth such establishment and designation and the relative rights and
preferences of the Shares of such Series or Class. At any time that there are no
Shares outstanding of any particular Series or Class previously established and
designated, the Directors may by a majority vote abolish that Series or Class
and the establishment and designation thereof.
Section 8.3. DIVIDENDS. Dividends and distributions on Shares with respect to
each Series or Class may be declared and paid with such frequency, in such form
and in such amount as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.
Dividends may be declared daily or otherwise pursuant to a standing resolution
or resolutions adopted only once or with such frequency as the Board of
Directors may determine.
All dividends on Shares of each Series or Class shall be paid only out of the
income belonging to that Series or Class and capital gains distributions on
Shares of each Series or Class shall be paid only out of the capital gains
belonging to that Series or Class. All dividends and distributions on Shares of
each Series or Class shall be distributed pro rata to the holders of that Series
or Class in proportion to the number of Shares of that Series or Class held by
such holders at the date and time of record established for the payment of such
dividends or distributions, except that such dividends and distributions shall
appropriately reflect expenses allocated to a particular Series or Class. In
connection with any dividend or distribution program or procedure the Board of
Directors may determine that no dividend or distribution shall be payable on
Shares as to which the Shareholder's purchase order and/or payment have not been
received by the time or times established by the Board of Directors under such
program or procedure.
<PAGE>
The Board of Directors shall have the power, in its sole discretion, to
distribute in any fiscal year as dividends (including dividends designated in
whole or in part as capital gain distributions) amounts sufficient, in the
opinion of the Board of Directors, to enable each Series of the Corporation to
qualify as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of
1986, as amended, or any successor or comparable statute thereto, and
regulations promulgated thereunder, and to avoid liability of each Series of the
Corporation for Federal income and excise tax in respect of that year. However,
nothing in the foregoing shall limit the authority of the Board of Directors to
make distributions greater than or less than the amount necessary to qualify as
a regulated investment company and to avoid liability of any Series of the
Corporation for such tax.
Dividends and distributions may be paid in cash, property or Shares, or a
combination thereof, as determined by the Board of Directors or pursuant to any
program that the Board of Directors may have in effect at the time. Any such
dividend or distribution paid in Shares will be paid at the current net asset
value thereof as defined in Section 8.7.
Section 8.4. ASSETS AND LIABILITIES OF SERIES AND CLASSES. All consideration
received by the Corporation for the issue or sale of Shares of a particular
Series or Class, together with all assets in which such consideration is
invested or reinvested, all income, earnings, profits, and proceeds thereof,
including any proceeds derived from the sale, exchange or liquidation of such
assets, and any funds or payments derived from any reinvestment of such proceeds
in whatever form the same may be, shall be referred to as "assets belonging to"
that Series or Class, as the case may be. In addition, any assets, income,
earnings, profits, and proceeds thereof, funds, or payments which are not
readily identifiable as belonging to any particular Series or Class shall be
allocated between and among one or more of the Series or Classes in such manner
as the Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, deems fair and equitable.
Each such allocation shall be conclusive and binding upon the Stockholders of
all Series or Classes for all purposes, and shall be referred to as assets
belonging to that Series or Class. The assets belonging to a particular Series
or Class shall be so recorded upon the books of the Corporation. The assets
belonging to each particular Series or Class shall be charged with the
liabilities of that Series or Class and all expenses, costs, charges and
reserves attributable to that Series or Class, as the case may be. Any general
liabilities, expenses, costs, charges or reserves of the Corporation which are
not readily identifiable as belonging to any particular Series or Class shall be
allocated between or among any one or more of the Series or Classes in such a
manner as the Board of Directors in its sole discretion deems fair and
equitable. Each such allocation shall be conclusive and binding upon the
Stockholders of all Series or Classes for all purposes.
Section 8.5. VOTING. On each matter submitted to a vote of the Stockholders,
each holder of a Share shall be entitled to one vote for each Share and
fractional votes for fractional Shares standing in his name on the books of the
Corporation; provided, however, that when required by the 1940 Act or rules
thereunder or when the Board of Directors has determined that the matter affects
only the interests of one Series or Class, matters may be submitted to a vote of
the Stockholders of such Series or Class only, and each holder of Shares thereof
shall be entitled to votes equal to the number of full and fractional Shares of
the Series or Class standing in his name on the books of the Corporation. The
presence in person or by proxy of the holders of one-third of the Shares of
capital stock of the Corporation outstanding and entitled to vote thereat shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at a Stockholders' meeting,
except that where holders of any Series or Class vote as a Series or Class,
one-third of the aggregate number of Shares of that Series or Class outstanding
and entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business
by that Series or Class.
<PAGE>
Section 8.6. REDEMPTION BY STOCKHOLDERS. Each holder of Shares shall have the
right at such times as may be permitted by the Corporation to require the
Corporation to redeem all or any part of his Shares at a redemption price per
Share equal to the net asset value per Share as of such time as the Board of
Directors shall have prescribed by resolution, minus any applicable sales charge
or redemption or repurchase fee. In the absence of such resolution, the
redemption price per Share shall be the net asset value next determined (in
accordance with Section 8.7) after acceptance of a request for redemption in
proper form less such charges as are determined by the Board of Directors and
described in the Corporation's registration statement under the Securities Act
of 1933, except that Shares may be redeemed by an underwriter at (a) the net
asset value next determined after such requests are received by a dealer with
whom such underwriter has a sales agreement or (b) the net asset value
determined at a later time. The Board of Directors may specify conditions,
prices, and places of redemption, and may specify binding requirements for the
proper form or forms of requests for redemption. The Corporation may require
Stockholders to pay a sales charge to the Corporation, the underwriter or any
other person designated by the Board of Directors upon redemption or repurchase
of Shares of any Series or Class, in such amount as shall be determined from
time to time by the Directors. Payment of the redemption price may be wholly or
partly in securities or other assets at the value of such securities or assets
used in such determination of net asset value, or may be in cash.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board of Directors may postpone payment of
the redemption price and may suspend the right of the holders of Shares to
require the Corporation to redeem Shares during any period or at any time when
and to the extent permissible under the 1940 Act.
Section 8.7. NET ASSET VALUE PER SHARE. The net asset value of each Share of
each Series or Class shall be the quotient obtained by dividing the value of the
total assets of the Series or Class, less liabilities and expenses of that
Series or Class, by the total number of Shares of the Series or Class
outstanding. The Board of Directors shall have the power and duty to determine,
in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, the net income,
total assets and liabilities of the Corporation and the net asset value per
Share of each Series and Class of Shares at such times and by such methods as it
shall determine subject to any restrictions or requirements under the 1940 Act
and the rules, regulations and interpretations thereof promulgated or issued by
the Securities and Exchange Commission or insofar as permitted by any order of
the Securities and Exchange Commission applicable to the Corporation. The Board
of Directors may delegate such power and duty to any one or more of the
directors and officers of the Corporation, to the Corporation's investment
adviser, to the custodian or depository of the Corporation's assets, or to
another agent or contractor of the Corporation.
Section 8.8. REDEMPTION BY THE CORPORATION. The Board of Directors may cause the
corporation to redeem at current net asset value all Shares owned or held by any
one Stockholder having an aggregate current net asset value of less than two
thousand dollars ($2,000). No such redemption shall be effected unless the
Corporation has given the Stockholder at least sixty (60) days' notice of its
intention to redeem the Shares and an opportunity to purchase a sufficient
number of additional Shares to bring the aggregate current net asset value of
his Shares to two thousand dollars ($2,000). Upon redemption of Shares pursuant
to this Section, the Corporation shall promptly cause payment of the full
redemption price, in any permissible form, to be made to the holder of Shares so
redeemed. The Board of Directors may by a majority vote establish from time to
time amounts less than two thousand dollars ($2,000) at which the Corporation
will redeem Shares pursuant to this Section.
NINTH: Section 9.1. ISSUANCE OF NEW STOCK. The Board of Directors is authorized
to issue and sell or cause to be issued and sold from time to time (without the
necessity of offering the same or any part thereof to existing stockholders) all
or any portion or portions of the entire authorized but unissued Shares of the
Corporation, and all or any portion or portions of the Shares of the Corporation
from time to time in its treasury, for cash or for any other lawful
consideration or considerations and on or for any terms, conditions, or prices
consistent with the provisions of law and of the Articles of Incorporation at
the time in force; provided, however, that in no event shall Shares of the
Corporation having a par value be issued or sold for a consideration or
considerations less in amount or value than the par value of the Shares so
issued or sold, and provided further that in no event shall any Shares of the
Corporation be issued or sold, except as a stock dividend distributed to
stockholders, for a consideration (which shall be net to the Corporation after
underwriting discounts or commissions) less in amount or value than the net
asset value of the Shares so issued or sold determined as of such time as the
Board of Directors shall have by resolution prescribed. In the absence of such a
resolution, such net asset value shall be that next determined after an
unconditional order in proper form to purchase such Shares is accepted, except
that Shares may be sold to an underwriter at (a) the net asset value next
determined after such orders are received by a dealer with whom such underwriter
has a sales agreement or (b) the net asset value determined at a later time.
<PAGE>
Section 9.2. FRACTIONAL SHARES. The Corporation may issue and sell fractions of
Shares having pro rata all the rights of full Shares, including, without
limitation, the right to vote and to receive dividends, and wherever the words
"Share" or "Shares" are used in these Articles or in the By-Laws they shall be
deemed to include fractions of Shares, where the context does not clearly
indicate that only full Shares are intended.
TENTH: Except as otherwise required by the 1940 Act, a majority of all the votes
cast at a Stockholders' meeting at which a quorum is present is sufficient to
approve any matter which properly comes before the meeting. Notwithstanding any
provision of law requiring a greater proportion than a majority of the vote
thereon as a separate Class or Series (or of any Class or Series entitled to
vote thereon as a separate Class or Series) to take or authorize any action, the
Corporation is hereby authorized in accordance with the authority granted by
Section 2-104(b)(5) of the Maryland General Corporation Law, to take such action
upon the concurrence of a majority of the aggregate number of Shares entitled to
vote thereon (or of a majority of the aggregate number of Shares of a Class or
Series entitled to vote thereon as a separate Class or Series). The right to
cumulate votes in the election of directors is expressly prohibited.
ELEVENTH: Section 11.1. BOARD OF DIRECTORS. All corporate powers and authority
of the Corporation (except as otherwise provided by statute, by these Articles
of Incorporation, or by the By-Laws of the Corporation) shall be vested in and
exercised by the Board of Directors. The number of directors constituting the
Board of Directors shall be such number as may from time to time be fixed in or
in accordance with the By-Laws of the Corporation, provided that if there is no
stock outstanding, the number of directors may be less than three but not less
than one, and further provided that if there is stock outstanding and so long as
there are less than three Stockholders, the number of directors may be less than
three but not less than the number of Stockholders. Except as provided in the
By-Laws, the election of directors may be conducted in any way approved at the
meeting (whether of stockholders or directors) at which the election is held,
provided that such election shall be by ballot whenever requested by any person
entitled to vote. The name of the person who shall act as initial director until
stock is issued to more than one stockholder or the first meeting of
stockholders, whichever shall occur earlier, and until his successor has been
duly chosen and qualified is Thomas P. Meehan.
Section 11.2. BY-LAWS. Except as may otherwise be provided in the By-Laws, the
Board of Directors of the Corporation is expressly authorized to make, alter,
amend and repeal By-Laws or to adopt new By-Laws of the Corporation, without any
action on the part of the Stockholders; but the By-Laws made by the Board of
Directors and the power so conferred may be altered or repealed by the
Stockholders.
Section 11.3. INSPECTION OF RECORDS. The Board of Directors shall have the power
to determine whether and to what extent, and at what times and places, and under
what conditions and regulation, the accounts and books of the Corporation (other
than the stock ledger), or any of them, shall be open to inspection by
stockholders. No stockholders shall have any right to inspect any account, book,
or document of the Corporation, except to the extent permitted by statute or the
By-Laws.
TWELFTH: Section 12.1. The Board of Directors may in its discretion from time to
time enter into an exclusive or nonexclusive distribution contract or contracts
providing for the sale of Shares whereby the Corporation may either agree to
sell Shares to the other party to the contract or appoint such other party its
sales agent for such Shares (such other party being herein sometimes called the
"underwriter"), and in either case on such terms and conditions as may be
prescribed in the By-Laws, if any, and such further terms and conditions as the
Board of Directors may in its discretion determine not inconsistent with the
provisions of these Articles of
<PAGE>
Incorporation. Such contract may also provide for the repurchase of Shares of
the Corporation by such other party or parties as agent of the Corporation. The
Board of Directors may also in its discretion from time to time enter into an
investment advisory or management contract or contracts whereby the other party
to such contract shall undertake to furnish to the Board of Directors such
management, investment advisory, statistical and research facilities and
services and such other facilities and services, if any, and all upon such terms
and conditions, as the Board of Directors may in its discretion determine.
Section 12.2. Any contract of the character described in Section 12.1 or for
services as administrator, custodian, transfer agent or disbursing agent or
related services may be entered into with any corporation, firm, trust or
association, although any one or more of the directors or officers of the
Corporation may be an officer, director, trustee, stockholder or member of such
other party to the contract, and no such contract shall be invalidated or
rendered voidable by reason of the existence of any such relationship, nor shall
any person holding such relationship be liable merely by reason of such
relationship for any loss or expense to the Corporation under or by reason of
said contract or accountable for any profit realized directly or indirectly
therefrom, provided that the contract when entered into was reasonable and fair
and not inconsistent with the provisions of this Article TWELFTH. The same
person (including a firm, corporation, trust, or association) may be the other
party to any or all of the contracts entered into pursuant to Section 12.1
above, and any individual may be financially interested or otherwise affiliated
with persons who are parties to any or all of the contracts mentioned in this
Section 12.2.
THIRTEENTH: Section 13.1. To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law
(including Maryland law and the 1940 Act) as currently in effect or as it may
hereafter be amended, no director or officer of the Corporation shall be liable
to the Corporation or its stockholders for money damages.
Section 13.2. To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law (including
Maryland law and the 1940 Act) currently in effect or as it may hereafter be
amended, the Corporation shall indemnify and advance expenses to its present and
past directors, officers, or employees, and persons who are serving or have
served at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee,
partner, trustee or agent, of or in similar capacities, for other entities. The
Board of Directors may determine that the Corporation shall provide information
or advance expenses to an agent.
Section 13.3. REPEAL OR MODIFICATIONS. No repeal or modification of this Article
THIRTEENTH by the stockholders of the Corporation, or adoption or modification
of any other provision of the Articles of Incorporation or By-Laws inconsistent
with this Article THIRTEENTH, shall repeal or narrow any limitation on (1) the
liability of any director, officer or employee of the Corporation or (2) right
of indemnification available to any person covered by these provisions with
respect to any act or omission which occurred prior to such repeal, modification
or adoption.
FOURTEENTH: The Corporation reserves the right from time to time to make any
amendment of these Articles of Incorporation, now or hereafter authorized by
law, including any amendment which alters contract rights, as expressly set
forth in these Articles of Incorporation, of any outstanding Shares. Any
amendment to these Articles of Incorporation may be adopted at any meeting of
the stockholders upon receiving an affirmative vote of a majority of all votes
entitled to be cast thereon. The Board of Directors may, without a Shareholder
vote, order the filing of Articles Supplementary increasing or decreasing the
aggregate number of Shares or the number of Shares of any Series or Class that
the Corporation has authority to issue, establishing new Series or Classes and
describing the Shares thereof.
<PAGE>
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have signed these Articles of Incorporation on September
3, 1999, and severally acknowledged the same to be my act.
/s/ Staci E. Drake
- ------------------
STACI E. DRAKE
Incorporator
ACTION OF SOLE INCORPORATOR
MEEHAN MUTUAL FUNDS, INC.
-------------------------------------
The undersigned, without a meeting, being the sole incorporator of the
Corporation, does hereby elect the person listed below to serve as the sole
director of the Corporation until the first annual meeting of shareholders and
until his successor is elected and qualifies:
THOMAS P. MEEHAN
/s/ Staci E. Drake
------------------
STACI E. DRAKE
Incorporator
Dated: September 3, 1999
EXHIBIT 23B
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BY-LAWS
OF
MEEHAN MUTUAL FUNDS, INC.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ARTICLE I
OFFICES
-------
Section 1. PRINCIPAL OFFICE. The principal office of the Corporation in the
State of Maryland shall be in the City of Bethesda.
Section 2. OTHER OFFICES. The Corporation may have such other offices in such
places as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS
------------------------
Section 1. ANNUAL MEETING. Subject to this Article II, an annual meeting of
Shareholders for the election of Directors and the transaction of
such other business as may properly come before the meeting shall be
held at such time and place as the Board of Directors shall select.
The Corporation shall not be required to hold an annual meeting of
its Shareholders in any year in which the election of directors is
not required to be acted upon under the Investment Company Act of
1940.
Section 2. SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of Shareholders may be called at
any time by the President, the Secretary or by a majority of the
Board of Directors and shall be held at such time and place as may
be stated in the notice of the meeting.
Special meetings of the Shareholders shall be called by the
Secretary upon receipt of written request of the holders of shares
entitled to cast not less than 10% of the votes entitled to be cast
at such meeting, provided that (1) such request shall state the
purposes of such meeting and the matters proposed to be acted on,
and (2) the Shareholders requesting such meeting shall have paid to
the Corporation the reasonably estimated cost of preparing and
mailing the notice thereof, which the Secretary shall determine and
specify to such Shareholders. No special meeting shall be called
upon the request of Shareholders to consider any matter which is
substantially the same as a matter voted upon at any special meeting
of the Shareholders held during the preceding 12 months, unless
requested by the holders of a majority of all shares entitled to be
voted at such meeting.
Section 3. PLACE OF MEETINGS. Meetings of Shareholders shall be held at a
location within the Continental United States as the Board of
Directors may from time to time determine.
<PAGE>
Section 4. NOTICE OF MEETINGS; Waiver of Notice. Notice of the place, date and
time of the holding of each Shareholders' meeting and, if the
meeting is a special meeting, the purpose or purposes of the
meeting, shall be given personally or by mail, not less that ten
(10) nor more that ninety (90) days before the date of such meeting,
to each Shareholder entitled to vote at such meeting and to each
other shareholder entitled to notice of the meeting. Notice by mail
shall be deemed to be duly given when deposited in the United States
mail addressed to the shareholder at his or her address as it
appears on the records of the Corporation, with postage thereon
prepaid.
Notice of any meeting of Shareholders shall be deemed waived by any
shareholder who shall attend such meeting in person or by proxy, or
who shall, either before or after the meeting, submit a signed
waiver of notice which is filed with the records of the meeting.
Section 5. QUORUM, ADJOURNMENT OF MEETINGS. The presence at any Shareholders'
meeting, in person or by proxy, of Shareholders of one third (1/3RD)
of the shares of the stock of the Corporation thereat shall be
necessary and sufficient to constitute a quorum for the transaction
of business, except for any matter which, under applicable statutes
or regulatory requirements, requires approval by a separate vote of
one or more classes of stock, in which case the presence in person
or by proxy of Shareholders of one third (1/3RD ) of the shares of
stock of each class required to vote as a class on the matter shall
constitute a quorum. The holders of a majority of shares entitled to
vote at the meeting and present in person or by proxy, whether or
not sufficient to constitute a quorum, or, any officer present
entitled to preside or act as Secretary of such meeting, may adjourn
the meeting without determining the date of a new meeting, or
without notice to a date not more than 120 days after the original
record date. Any business that might have been transacted at the
meeting originally called and so adjourned may be transacted at any
such subsequent meeting at which a quorum is present.
Section 6. ORGANIZATION. At each meeting of the Shareholders, the Chairman of
the Board (if one has been designated by the Board), or in his or
her absence or inability to act, the President, or in the absence or
inability to act of the Chairman of the Board and the President, the
Vice President, shall act as chairman of the meeting; provided,
however, that if no such officer is present or able to act, a
chairman of the meeting shall be elected by a majority of the
Shareholders, present in person or by proxy, at the meeting. The
Secretary, or in his or her absence or inability to act, any person
appointed by the chairman of the meeting, shall act as secretary of
the meeting and keep the minutes thereof.
Section 7. ORDER OF BUSINESS. The order of business at all meetings of the
Shareholders shall be as determined by the chairman of the meeting.
Section 8. VOTING. Except as otherwise provided by statute or the Articles of
Incorporation, each holder of record of shares of stock of the
Corporation having voting power shall be entitled at each meeting of
the Shareholders to one vote for every full share of such stock,
with a fractional vote for any fractional shares, standing in his or
her name on the records of Shareholders of the Corporation as of the
record date determined pursuant to Section 9 of this Article, or if
such record date shall not have been so fixed, then at the later of
(i) the close of business on the day on which notice of the meeting
is mailed or (ii) the thirtieth day before the meeting.
Each shareholder entitled to vote at any meeting of Shareholders may
authorize another person or persons to act for him or her by a proxy
signed by such shareholder or his or her attorney-in-fact. No proxy
shall be valid after the expiration of eleven months from the date
thereof, unless otherwise provided in the proxy. Every proxy shall
be revocable at the pleasure of the shareholder executing it, except
in those cases where such proxy states that it is irrevocable and
where law permits an irrevocable proxy. Except as otherwise provided
by statute, the Articles of Incorporation or these By-Laws, any
corporate action to be taken by vote of the Shareholders shall be
authorized by a majority of the total votes validly cast at a
meeting of Shareholders at which a quorum is present.
<PAGE>
If a vote shall be taken on any question other than the election of
directors, which shall be by written ballot, then unless required by
statute or these By-Laws, or determined by the chairman of the
meeting to be advisable, any such vote need not be by ballot. On a
vote by ballot, each ballot shall be signed by the shareholder
voting, or by his or her proxy, if there be such proxy, and shall
state the number of shares voted.
Section 9. FIXING OF RECORD DATE. The Board of Directors may fix a time not
less that 10 nor more than 90 days prior to the date of any meeting
of Shareholders or prior to the last day on which the consent or
dissent of Shareholders may be effectively expressed for any purpose
without a meeting, as the time as of which Shareholders entitled to
notice of and to vote at such a meeting or whose consent or dissent
is required or may be expressed for any purpose, as the case may be,
shall be determined; and all persons who were holders of record of
voting stock at such time and no other shall be entitled to notice
of and to vote at such meeting or to express their consent or
dissent, as the case may be. If no record date has been fixed, the
record date for the determination of Shareholders entitled to notice
of or to vote at a meeting of Shareholders shall be the later of the
close of business on the day on which notice of the meeting is
mailed or the thirtieth day before the meeting, or, if notice is
waived by all Shareholders, at the close of business on the tenth
day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. The Board
of Directors may fix a record date for determining Shareholders
entitled to receive payment of a dividend or distribution, but such
date shall be not more that 90 days before the date on which such
payment is made. If no record date has been fixed, the record date
for determining Shareholders entitled to receive dividends or
distributions shall be the close of business on the day on which the
resolution of the Board of Directors declaring the dividend or
distribution is adopted, but the payment shall not be made more than
60 days after the date on which the resolution is adopted.
Section 10. CONSENT OF SHAREHOLDERS IN LIEU OF MEETING. Except as otherwise
provided by statute or the Articles of Incorporation, any action
required to be taken at any meeting of Shareholders, or any action
which may be taken at any meeting of such Shareholders, may be taken
without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if the
following are filed with the records of Shareholders meetings: (i) a
unanimous written consent which sets forth the action and is signed
by each shareholder entitled to vote on the matter, and (ii) a
written waiver of any right to dissent signed by each shareholder
entitled to notice of the meeting but not entitled to vote thereat.
ARTICLE III
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
------------------
Section 1. General Powers:
(a) The property, affairs and business of the Corporation shall be
managed by or under the direction of the board of directors, which
may exercise all the powers of the Corporation except those powers
vested solely in the stockholders of the Corporation by statute, by
the Articles of Incorporation, or by these By-Laws.
(b) All acts done by any meeting of the Directors or by any person
acting as a director, so long as his successor shall not have been
duly elected or appointed, shall, notwithstanding that it be
afterwards discovered that there was some defect in the election of
the directors or of such person acting as aforesaid or that they or
any of them were disqualified, be as valid as if the directors or
such other person, as the case may be, had been duly elected and
were or was qualified to be directors or a director of the
Corporation.
<PAGE>
POWER TO ISSUE AND SELL STOCK: The board of directors may from time
to time issue and sell or cause to be issued and sold any of the
Corporation's authorized shares to such persons and for such
consideration as the board of directors shall deem advisable,
subject to the provisions of Articles Sixth and Seventh of the
Articles of Incorporation.
POWER TO DECLARE DIVIDENDS: The board of directors, from time to
time as it may deem advisable, may declare and pay dividends in
stock, cash or other property of the Corporation, out of any source
available for dividends, to the stockholders according to their
respective rights and interests in accordance with the provisions of
the Articles of Incorporation.
(a) The board of directors shall cause to be accompanied by a
written statement any dividend payment wholly or partly from any
source other than:
i) the Corporation's accumulated undistributed net income
(determined in accordance with good accounting practice and the
rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission
then in effect) and not including profits or losses realized
upon the sale of securities or other properties; or
ii) the Corporation's net income so determined for the current
or preceding fiscal year.
Such statement shall adequately disclose the source or sources of
such payment and the basis of calculation, and shall be in such form
as the Securities and Exchange Commission may prescribe.
Section 2. NUMBER OF DIRECTORS. The number of directors shall be fixed from
time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors adopted by a
majority of the Directors then in office; provided, however, that
the number of Directors shall in no event be less that three (3) nor
more than fifteen (15) except that the Corporation may have less
than three (3) but not less than one (1) Director if there is no
stock outstanding, and may have a number of Directors no fewer than
the number of Shareholders so long as there are fewer than three (3)
Shareholders. Any vacancy created by an increase in Directors may be
filled in accordance with Section 6 of this Article III. No
reduction in the number of Directors shall have the effect of
removing any Director from office prior to the expiration of his or
her term unless such Director is specifically removed pursuant to
Section 5 of this Article III at the time of such decrease.
Directors need not be Shareholders.
Section 3. ELECTION AND TERM OF DIRECTORS. Directors shall be elected annually,
by written ballot at the annual meeting of Shareholders or a special
meeting held for that purpose; provided, however, that if no annual
meeting of the Shareholders of the Corporation is required to be
held in a particular year pursuant to Section 1 of Article II of
these By-Laws, Directors shall be elected at the next annual meeting
held. The term of office of each Director shall be from the time of
his or her election and qualification until the election of
Directors next succeeding his or her election and until his or her
successor shall have been elected and shall have qualified.
Section 4. RESIGNATION. A director of the Corporation may resign at any time by
giving written notice of his or her resignation to the Board, or the
Chairman of the Board, or the President, or the Secretary. Any such
resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein or, if
the time when it shall become effective shall not be specified
therein, immediately upon its receipt; and, unless otherwise
specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be
necessary to make it effective.
<PAGE>
Section 5. REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS. Any Director of the Corporation may be removed
by the Shareholders by a vote of a majority of the shares entitled
to be cast for the election of Directors.
Section 6. VACANCIES. If any vacancies shall occur in the Board of Directors
(i) by reason of death, resignation, removal or otherwise, the
remaining directors shall continue to act, and, subject to the
provisions of the Investment Company Act of 1940, such vacancies (if
not previously filled by the Shareholders) may be filled by a
majority of the remaining Directors, although less than a quorum,
and (ii) by reason of an increase in the authorized number of
Directors, such vacancies (if not previously filled by the
Shareholders) may be filled only by a majority vote of the entire
Board of Directors.
Section 7. OFFICES, RECORDS, PLACES OF MEETINGS. The Directors may have one or
more offices and may keep the books of the Corporation outside the
State of Maryland, and within or without the United States of
America, at any office or offices of the Corporation or at any other
place as they may from time to time by resolution determine; and in
the case of meetings of the Board of Directors, such meetings may be
held at any place, within or without the United States of America,
as the Board may from time to time by resolution determine, or as
shall be specified or fixed in the respective notices or waivers of
notice thereof.
Section 8. REGULAR MEETINGS. The Board of Directors from time to time may
provide by resolution for the holding of regular meetings and fix
their time and place as the Board of Directors may determine. Notice
of such regular meetings need not be in writing, provided that
notice of any change in the time or place of such fixed regular
meetings shall be communicated promptly to each Director not present
at the meeting at which such change was made, in the manner provided
in Section 9 of this Article III for notice of special meetings.
Members of the Board of Directors or any committee designated
thereby may participate in a meeting of such Board or committee by
telephone conference or other communications method by means of
which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other
at the same time, and participation by such means shall constitute
presence in person at a meeting, subject to the requirements of the
Investment Company Act of 1940.
Section 9. SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be
held at any time or place and for any purpose when called by the
President, the Secretary or two or more of the Directors. Notice of
special meetings, stating the time and place, shall be communicated
to each Director personally by telephone or transmitted to him or
her by mail, telegraph, telefax, telex, cable, e-mail or wireless at
least one day before the meeting.
Section 10. WAIVER OF NOTICE. No notice of any meeting of the Board of Directors
or a committee of the Board need be given to any Director who is
present at the meeting or who waives notice of such meeting in
writing (which waiver shall be filed with the records of such
meeting), either before or after the time of the meeting.
Section 11. QUORUM AND VOTING. At all meetings of the Board of Directors, the
presence of one third of the entire Board of Directors shall
constitute a quorum unless there are only two or three Directors, in
which case two Directors shall constitute a quorum. If there is only
one Director, the sole Director shall constitute a quorum. At any
adjourned meeting at which a quorum was present, any business may be
transacted at a subsequent meeting, at which a quorum is present,
which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally
called.
<PAGE>
Section 12. ORGANIZATION. The Board may, by resolution adopted by a majority of
the entire Board, designate a Chairman of the Board, who shall
preside at each meeting of the Board. In the absence or inability of
the Chairman of the Board to preside at a meeting, the President,
or, in his or her absence or inability to act, another Director
chosen by a majority of the Directors present, shall act as chairman
of the meeting and preside thereat. The Secretary (or, in his or her
absence or inability to act, any person appointed by the Chairman)
shall act as secretary of the meeting and keep the minutes thereof.
Section 13. WRITTEN CONSENT OF DIRECTORS IN LIEU OF A MEETING. Subject to the
provisions of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, any
action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board
of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a
meeting if all members of the Board or committee, as the case may
be, consent thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are
filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board or committee.
Section 14. COMPENSATION. Directors may receive compensation for services to the
Corporation in their capacities as directors or otherwise in such
manner and in such amounts as may be fixed from time to time by the
Board, subject to any limitations on such compensation as provided
in the Investment Company Act of 1940.
ARTICLE IV
COMMITTEES
----------
Section 1. ORGANIZATION. By resolution adopted by the Board of Directors, the
Board may designate one or more committees, including an Executive
Committee, composed of two or more Directors. The Board of Directors
shall elect the Chairmen of such committees. The Board of Directors
shall have the power at any time to change the members of such
committees and to fill vacancies in the committees. The Board may
delegate to these committees any of its powers, except the power to
authorize the issuance of stock, declare a dividend or distribution
on stock, recommend to Shareholders any action requiring shareholder
approval, amend these By-Laws, or approve any merger or share
exchange which does not require shareholder approval. If the Board
of Directors has given general authorization for the issuance of
stock, a committee of the Board, in accordance with a general
formula or method specified by the Board by resolution or by
adoption of a stock option or other plan, may fix the terms of stock
subject to classification or reclassification and the terms on which
any stock may be issued, including all terms and conditions required
or permitted to be established or authorized by the Board of
Directors.
Section 2. PROCEEDINGS AND QUORUM. In the absence of an appropriate resolution
of the Board of Directors, each committee may adopt such rules and
regulations governing its proceedings, quorum and manner of acting
as it shall deem proper and desirable. In the event any member of
any committee is absent from any meeting, the members thereof
present at the meeting, whether or not they constitute a quorum, may
appoint a member of the Board of Directors to act in the place of
such absent member.
ARTICLE V
OFFICERS, AGENTS AND EMPLOYEES
------------------------------
Section 1. GENERAL. The officers of the Corporation shall be a President, a
Secretary and a Treasurer, and may include one or more Vice
Presidents, Assistant Secretaries or Assistant Treasurers, and such
other officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions
of Section 8 of this Article.
<PAGE>
Section 2. ELECTION, TENURE AND QUALIFICATIONS. The officers of the
Corporation, except those appointed as provided in Section 8 of this
Article V, shall be elected by the Board of Directors at its first
meeting and thereafter annually at an annual meeting. If any
officers are not chosen at any annual meeting, such officers may be
chosen at any subsequent regular or special meeting of the Board.
Except as otherwise provided in this Article V, each officer chosen
by the Board of Directors shall hold office until the next annual
meeting of the Board of Directors and until his or her successor
shall have been elected and qualified. Any person may hold one or
more offices of the Corporation except that a single person may not
simultaneously hold the offices of President and Vice President.
Section 3. REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION. Whenever in the judgment of the Board of
Directors the best interest of the Corporation will be served
thereby, any officer may be removed from office by the vote of a
majority of the members of the Board of Directors at any regular
meeting or at a special meeting called for such purpose. Any officer
may resign his office at any time by delivering a written
resignation to the Board of Directors, the President, the Secretary,
or any Assistant Secretary. Unless otherwise specified therein, such
resignation shall take effect upon delivery.
Section 4. PRESIDENT. The president shall be the chief executive officer of the
Corporation. Subject to the supervision of the Board of Directors,
he or she shall have general charge of the business, affairs and
property of the Corporation, and general supervision over its
officers, employees and agents. Except as the Board of Directors may
otherwise order, he or she may sign in the name and on behalf of the
Corporation all deeds, bonds, contracts, or agreements. He or she
shall exercise such other powers and perform such other duties as
from time to time may be assigned to him or her by the Board of
Directors.
Section 5. VICE PRESIDENT. The Board of Directors may from time to time elect
one or more Vice Presidents who shall have such powers and perform
such duties as from time may be assigned to them by the Board of
Directors or the President. At the request or in the absence or
disability of the President, the Vice President (or, if there are
two or more Vice Presidents then the more senior of such officers
present and able to act) may perform all the duties of the President
and, when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to
all the restrictions upon the President. Any Vice President may
perform such duties as the Board of Directors may assign.
Section 6. TREASURER AND ASSISTANT TREASURER. The Treasurer shall be the
principal financial and accounting officer of the Corporation and
shall have general charge of the finances and books of account of
the Corporation. Except as otherwise provided by the Board of
Directors, he or she shall have general supervision of the funds and
property of the Corporation and of the performance by the Custodian
of its duties with respect thereto. He or she shall render to the
Board of Directors whenever directed by the Board, an account of the
financial condition of the Corporation and of all his or her
transactions as Treasurer; and as soon as possible after the close
of each fiscal year, he or she shall make and submit to the Board of
Directors a like report for such fiscal year. He or she shall
perform all acts incidental to the Office of Treasurer, subject to
the control of the Board of Directors.
Any Assistant Treasurer may perform such duties of the Treasurer as
the Treasurer or the Board of Directors may assign, and, in the
absence of the Treasurer, the Assistant Treasurer (or if there are
two or more Assistant Treasurers, then the more senior of such
officers present and able to act) may perform all the duties of the
Treasurer.
<PAGE>
Section 7. SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT SECRETARIES. The Secretary shall attend to
the giving and serving of all notices of the Corporation and shall
record all proceedings of the meetings of the Shareholders and
Directors in books to be kept for that purpose. He or she shall keep
in safe custody the seal of the corporation, and shall have charge
of the records for the Corporation, including the stock books and
such other books and papers as the Board of Directors may direct and
such books, reports, certificates and other documents required by
law to be kept, all of which shall at all reasonable times be open
to inspection by any Director. He or she shall perform such other
duties as appertain to his or her office or as may be required by
the Board of Directors.
Any Assistant Secretary may perform such duties of the Secretary as
the Secretary of the Board of Directors may assign, and, in the
absence of the Secretary, he or she (or if there are two or more
Assistant Secretaries, then the more senior of such officers present
and able to act) may perform all the duties of the Secretary.
Section 8. SUBORDINATE OFFICERS. The Board of Directors from time to time may
appoint such other officers or agents as it may deem advisable, each
of whom shall have such title, hold office for such period, have
such authority and perform such duties as the Board of Directors may
determine. The Board of Directors may from time to time delegate to
one or more officers or agents the power to appoint any such
subordinate officers or agents and to prescribe their rights, terms
of office, authorities and duties.
Section 9. REMUNERATION. The salaries or other compensation of the officers of
the Corporation shall be fixed from time to time by resolution of
the Board of Directors, except that the Board of Directors may by
resolution delegate to any person or group of persons the power to
fix the salaries or other compensation of any subordinate officers
or agents appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 8
of this Article V.
Section 10. SURETY BONDS. The Board of Directors may require any officer or
agent of the Corporation to execute a bond (including, without
limitation, any bond required by the Investment Company Act of 1940,
as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Securities and
Exchange Commission) to the Corporation in such sum and with such
surety or sureties as the Board of Directors may determine,
conditioned upon the faithful performance of his or her duties to
the Corporation, including responsibility for negligence and for the
accounting of any of the Corporation's property, funds or securities
that may come into his or her hands.
<PAGE>
ARTICLE VI
INDEMNIFICATION AND INSURANCE
Section 1. INDEMNIFICATION OF OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS: The
Corporation shall indemnify each person who was or is a party or is
threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or
completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal,
administrative or investigative ("Proceeding'), by reason of the
fact that he or she is or was a director, officer or employee of the
Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation
as a director, officer, employee, partner, trustee or agent of
another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other
enterprise, against all reasonable expenses (including attorneys'
fees) actually incurred, and judgments, fines, penalties and amounts
paid in settlement in connection with such Proceeding to the maximum
extent permitted by law, now existing or hereafter adopted.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the following provisions shall apply
with respect to indemnification of the Corporation's directors,
officers, and investment adviser (as defined in the Investment
Company act of 1940, as amended):
(a) Whether or not there is an adjudication of liability in such
Proceeding, the Corporation shall not indemnify any such person for
any liability arising by reason of such person's willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of
the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office or reckless
disregard of his duties under any contract or agreement with the
Corporation ("Disabling Conduct").
(b) The Corporation shall not indemnify any such person unless:
(1) the court or other body before which the proceeding was
brought (a) dismisses the Proceeding for insufficiency of
evidence of any disabling conduct, or (b) reaches a final
decision on the merits that such person was not liable by reason
of disabling conduct; or
(2) absent such a decision, a reasonable determination is made,
based upon a review of the facts, by (a) the vote of a majority
of a quorum of the directors of the Corporation who are neither
"interested persons" of the Corporation as defined in the
Investment Company act of 1940, as amended, nor parties to the
Proceeding, or (b) if a majority of a quorum of directors
described above so directs, or if such quorum is not obtainable,
based upon a written opinion by independent legal counsel, that
such person was not liable by reason of disabling conduct.
(c) Reasonable expenses (including attorneys' fees) incurred in
defending a Proceeding involving any such person will be paid by the
Corporation in advance of the final disposition thereof upon an
undertaking by such person to repay such expenses unless it is
ultimately determined that he or she is entitled to indemnification,
if:
(1) such person shall provide adequate security for his or her
undertaking;
(2) the Corporation shall be insured against losses arising by
reason of such advance; or
(3) a majority of a quorum of the directors of the Corporation
who are neither "interested persons" of the Corporation as
defined in the Investment Company act of 1940, as amended, nor
parties to the proceeding, or independent legal counsel in a
written opinion, shall determine, based on a review of readily
available facts, that there is reason to believe that such person
will be found to be entitled to indemnification.
Section 2. INSURANCE OF OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS: The
Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance or other sources of
reimbursement to the extent permitted by law on behalf of any person
who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the
Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation
as a director, officer, employee, partner, trustee or agent of
another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other
enterprise against any liability asserted against him or her and
incurred by him or her in or arising out of his or her position.
Section 3. NON-EXCLUSIVITY: The indemnification and advancement of expenses
provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Article VI shall not be
deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking
indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under the
Articles of Incorporation, these By-Laws, any agreement, vote of
stockholders or directors, or otherwise, both as to action in his or
her official capacity and as to action in another capacity while
holding such office.
ARTICLE VII
CAPITAL STOCK
-------------
Section 1. STOCK CERTIFICATES. The interest of each shareholder of the
Corporation may be evidenced by certificates for shares of stock in
such form as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe.
The Board of Directors is expressly empowered to direct that stock
certificates not be issued to evidence such shareholder ownership,
and in such a case, the Board of Directors prescribe such other
method or arrangement for the recording of such interests as they
deem reasonable and proper.
<PAGE>
In the event that the Board of Directors elects to issue stock
certificates, the certificates representing shares of stock shall be
signed by or in the name of the Corporation by the President or a
Vice President and countersigned by the Secretary or an Assistant
Secretary or the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer. Certificates
may be sealed with the actual corporate seal or a facsimile of it or
in any other form. Any or all of the signatures of the seal on the
certificate may be manual or facsimile. In case any officer,
transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile
signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be
such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate
shall be issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same
effect as if such officer, transfer agent or registrar were still in
office at the date of issue unless written instructions of the
Corporation to the contrary are delivered to such officer, transfer
agent or registrar.
Section 2. STOCK LEDGERS. The stock ledgers of the Corporation, containing the
names and addresses of the Shareholders and the number of shares
held by them respectively, shall be kept at the principal offices of
the Corporation or, if the Corporation employs a transfer agent, at
the offices of the transfer agent of the Corporation.
Section 3. TRANSFERS OF SHARES. Transfers of shares of stock of the Corporation
shall be made on the stock records of the Corporation only by the
registered holder thereof, or by his or her attorney thereunto
authorized by power of attorney duly executed and filed with the
Secretary or with a transfer agent or transfer clerk, and on
surrender of the certificate or certificates, if issued, for such
shares properly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of
succession, assignment or authority to transfer, with such proof of
the authenticity of the signature as the Corporation or its agents
may reasonably require and the payment of all taxes thereon. Except
as otherwise provided by law, the Corporation shall be entitled to
recognize the exclusive right of a person in whose name any share or
shares stand on the record of Shareholders as the owner of such
share or shares for all purposes, including, without limitation, the
rights to receive dividends or other distributions, and to vote as
such owner, and the Corporation shall not be bound to recognize any
equitable or legal claim to or interest in any such share or shares
on the part of any other person. The Board may make such additional
rules and regulations, not inconsistent with these By-Laws, as it
may deem expedient concerning the issue, transfer and registration
of certificates for shares of stock of the Corporation.
Section 4. TRANSFER AGENTS AND REGISTRARS. The Board of Directors may from time
to time appoint or remove transfer agents and/or registrars of
transfers of shares of stock of the Corporation, and it may appoint
the same person as both transfer agent and registrar. Upon any such
appointment being made all certificates representing shares of
capital stock thereafter issued shall be countersigned by one of
such transfer agents or by one of such registrars of transfers or by
both and shall not be valid unless so countersigned. If the same
person shall be both transfer agent and registrar, only one
countersignature by such person shall be required.
Section 5. LOST, DESTROYED OR MUTILATED CERTIFICATES. The holder of any
certificates representing shares of stock of the Corporation shall
immediately notify the Corporation of any loss, destruction or
mutilation of such certificate, and the Corporation may issue a new
certificate of stock in the place of any certificate theretofore
issued by it which the owner thereof shall allege to have been lost
or destroyed or which shall have been mutilated, and the Board may,
in its discretion, require such owner or his or her legal
representatives to give to the Corporation a bond in such sum,
limited or unlimited, and in such form and with such surety or
sureties, as the Board in its absolute discretion shall determine,
to indemnify the Corporation against any claim that may be made
against it on account of the alleged loss or destruction of any
certificate, or issuance of a new certificate. Anything herein to
the contrary notwithstanding, the Board, in its absolute discretion,
may refuse to issue any such new certificate, except pursuant to
legal proceedings under the laws of the State of Maryland.
<PAGE>
ARTICLE VIII
SEAL
----
The seal of the Corporation shall be circular in form and shall bear, in
addition to any other emblem or device approved by the Board of Directors, the
name of the Corporation, the year of its incorporation and the words "Corporate
Seal" and "Maryland." The Board of Directors may otherwise alter the form of the
seal. Said seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed
or affixed or in any other manner reproduced. Any Officer or Director of the
Corporation shall have the authority to affix the corporate seal of the
Corporation to any document requiring the same.
ARTICLE IX
FISCAL YEAR
-----------
The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be determined by resolution of the
Board of Directors.
ARTICLE X
DEPOSITORIES AND CUSTODIANS
---------------------------
Section 1. DEPOSITORIES. The funds of the Corporation shall be deposited with
such banks or other depositories as the Board of Directors of the
Corporation may from time to time determine.
Section 2. CUSTODIANS. All securities and other investments shall be deposited
in the safe keeping of such banks or other companies as the Board of
Directors of the Corporation may from time to time determine. Every
arrangement entered into with any bank or other company for the safe
keeping of the securities and investments of the Corporation shall
contain provisions complying with the Investment Company Act of
1940, as amended, and the general rules and regulations thereunder.
ARTICLE XI
EXECUTION OF INSTRUMENTS
------------------------
Section 1. CHECKS, NOTES, DRAFTS, ETC. Checks, notes, drafts, acceptances,
bills of exchange and other orders or obligations for the payment of
money shall be signed by such officer or officers or person or
persons as the Board or these By-Laws provide.
Section 2. SALE OR TRANSFER OF SECURITIES. Stock certificates, bonds or other
securities owned by the Corporation may be held on behalf of the
Corporation by a Custodian selected by the Board of Directors, and
may be transferred or otherwise disposed of only as allowed pursuant
to these By-Laws and pursuant to authorization by the Board; and
when so authorized to be held on behalf of the Corporation or sold,
transferred or otherwise disposed of, may be transferred from the
name of the Corporation by the signature of the President, any Vice
President or the Treasurer, or pursuant to any procedure approved by
the Board of Directors, subject to applicable law.
<PAGE>
ARTICLE XII
INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
------------------------------
The Corporation shall employ an independent public accountant or a firm of
independent public accountants as its accountants to examine the accounts of the
Corporation and to sign and certify financial statements filed by the
Corporation.
ARTICLE XIII
RECORD KEEPING PURSUANT TO STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS
-------------------------------------------------
Any and all books, records, documents and other writings and memoranda, of
any nature whatever, that are or may be subject to record keeping requirements
under federal or state statutes shall be kept and maintained in the manner and
for the time periods prescribed under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as
amended.
ARTICLE XIV
AMENDMENTS
----------
Section 1. GENERAL: Except as provided in Sections 2 and 3 hereof, all By-Laws
of the Corporation, whether adopted by the board of directors or the
stockholders, shall be subject to amendment, alteration or repeal,
and new By-Laws may be made, by the affirmative vote of a majority
of either:
(a) the holders of record of the outstanding shares of stock of the
Corporation entitled to vote, at any meeting, the notice or waiver
of notice of which shall have specified or summarized the proposed
amendment, alteration, repeal or new By-Law; or
(b) the directors, at any regular or special meeting the notice or
waiver of notice of which shall have specified or summarized the
proposed amendment, alteration, repeal or new By-Law.
Section 2. BY STOCKHOLDERS ONLY:
(a) No amendment of any section of these By-Laws shall be made
except by the stockholders of the Corporation if the By-Laws provide
that such section may not be amended, altered or repealed except by
the stockholders.
(b) From and after the issuance of any shares of the capital stock
of the Corporation, no amendment of this Article XVI shall be made
except by the stockholders of the Corporation.
Section 3. LIMITATION ON AMENDMENT: No amendment to Article VI of these By-Laws
shall narrow or eliminate any right to expenses, indemnification or
insurance for any claim or proceeding arising out of conduct
occurring prior to said amendment.
These By-Laws were adopted by the Directors of the Company on September 3, 1999.
