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EXHIBIT 3.4
GENENCOR INTERNATIONAL, INC.
BY-LAWS
ARTICLE I - STOCKHOLDERS
Section 1. Annual Meeting.
(1) An annual meeting of the stockholders, for the election of
directors to succeed those whose terms expire and for the transaction of such
other business as may properly come before the meeting, shall be held at such
place, on such date, and at such time as the Board of Directors shall each year
fix, which date shall be within thirteen (13) months of the last annual meeting
of stockholders.
(2) Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors
and the proposal of business to be transacted by the stockholders may be made at
an annual meeting of stockholders (a) pursuant to the Corporation's notice with
respect to such meeting, (b) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or
(c) by any stockholder of record of the Corporation who was a stockholder of
record at the time of the giving of the notice provided for in the following
paragraph, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied with the
notice procedures set forth in this section.
(3) For nominations or other business to be properly brought
before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to clause (c) of the
foregoing paragraph: (1) the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof
in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation, (2) such business must be a
proper matter for stockholder action under the General Corporation Law of the
State of Delaware, (3) if the stockholder, or the beneficial owner on whose
behalf any such proposal or nomination is made, has provided the Corporation
with a Solicitation Notice, as that term is defined in subclause (c)(iii) of
this paragraph, such stockholder or beneficial owner must, in the case of a
proposal, have delivered a proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of at
least the percentage of the Corporation's voting shares required under
applicable law to carry any such proposal, or, in the case of a nomination or
nominations, have delivered a proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of a
percentage of the Corporation's voting shares reasonably believed by such
stockholder or beneficial holder to be sufficient to elect the nominee or
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nominees proposed to be nominated by such stockholder, and must, in either case,
have included in such materials the Solicitation Notice and (4) if no
Solicitation Notice relating thereto has been timely provided pursuant to this
section, the stockholder or beneficial owner proposing such business or
nomination must not have solicited a number of proxies sufficient to have
required the delivery of such a Solicitation Notice under this section. To be
timely, a stockholder's notice shall be delivered to the Secretary at the
principal executive offices of the Corporation or the offices of the Corporation
where the Secretary resides at 925 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, California 94304
not less than 45 or more than 75 days prior to the first anniversary (the
"Anniversary") of the date on which the Corporation first mailed its proxy
materials for the preceding year's annual meeting of stockholders; provided,
however, that if the date of the annual meeting is advanced more than 30 days
prior to or delayed by more than 30 days after the anniversary of the preceding
year's annual meeting, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so
delivered not later than the close of business on the later of (i) the 90th day
prior to such annual meeting or (ii) the 10th day following the day on which
public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made. Such
stockholder's notice shall set forth (a) as to each person whom the stockholder
proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a director all information
relating to such person as would be required to be disclosed in solicitations of
proxies for the election of such nominees as directors pursuant to Regulation
14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"),
and such person's written consent to serve as a director if elected; (b) as to
any other business that the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a
brief description of such business, the reasons for conducting such business at
the meeting and any material interest in such business of such stockholder and
the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made; (c) as to
the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose
behalf the nomination or proposal is made (i) the name and address of such
stockholder, as they appear on the Corporation's books, and of such beneficial
owner, (ii) the class and number of shares of the Corporation that are owned
beneficially and of record by such stockholder and such beneficial owner, and
(iii) whether either such stockholder or beneficial owner intends to deliver a
proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of, in the case of a proposal, at
least the percentage of the Corporation's voting shares required under
applicable law to carry the proposal or, in the case of a nomination or
nominations, a sufficient number of holders of the Corporation's voting shares
to elect such nominee or nominees (an affirmative statement of such intent, a
"Solicitation Notice").
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(4) Notwithstanding anything in the second sentence of the third
paragraph of this Section 1 to the contrary, in the event that the number of
directors to be elected to the Board of Directors is increased and there is no
public announcement naming all of the nominees for director or specifying the
size of the increased Board of Directors made by the Corporation at least 55
days prior to the Anniversary, a stockholder's notice required by this Bylaw
shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new
positions created by such increase, if it shall be delivered to the Secretary at
the principal executive offices of the Corporation or the offices of the
Corporation where the Secretary resides at 925 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto,
California 94304 not later than the close of business on the 10th day following
the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Corporation.
(5) Only persons nominated in accordance with the procedures set
forth in this Section 1 shall be eligible to serve as directors and only such
business shall be conducted at an annual meeting of stockholders as shall have
been brought before the meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in
this section. The chairperson of the meeting shall have the power and the duty
to determine whether a nomination or any business proposed to be brought before
the meeting has been made in accordance with the procedures set forth in these
By-Laws and, if any proposed nomination or business is not in compliance with
these By-Laws, to declare that such defectively proposed business or nomination
shall not be presented for stockholder action at the meeting and shall be
disregarded.
(6) For purposes of these By-Laws, "public announcement" shall
mean disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service,
Associated Press or a comparable national news service or in a document publicly
filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to
Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.
(7) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1, a
stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange
Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to matters set forth
in this Section 1. Nothing in this Section 1 shall be deemed to affect any
rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation's
proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act.
Section 2. Special Meetings.
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(1) Special meetings of the stockholders, other than those
required by statute, may be called at any time by the Chairman of the Board or
the President or by the Board of Directors acting pursuant to a resolution
adopted by a majority of the Whole Board. For purposes of these By-Laws, the
term "Whole Board" shall mean the total number of authorized directors whether
or not there exist any vacancies in previously authorized directorships. Notice
of every special meeting, stating the time, place and purpose, shall be given by
mailing, postage prepaid, at least ten but not more than sixty days before each
such meeting, a copy of such notice addressed to each stockholder of the
Corporation at the stockholder's post office address as recorded on the books of
the Corporation. The Board of Directors may postpone or reschedule any
previously scheduled special meeting.
(2) Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of
stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the
Corporation's notice of meeting. Nominations of persons for election to the
Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which
directors are to be elected pursuant to the Corporation's notice of meeting (a)
by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (b) by any stockholder of
record of the Corporation who is a stockholder of record at the time of giving
of notice provided for in this paragraph, who shall be entitled to vote at the
meeting and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in Section 1 of
this Article I. Nominations by stockholders of persons for election to the Board
of Directors may be made at such a special meeting of stockholders if the
stockholder's notice required by the third paragraph of Section 1 of this
Article I shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices
of the Corporation or the offices of the Corporation where the Secretary resides
at 925 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, California 94304 not later than the close of
business on the later of the 90th day prior to such special meeting or the 10th
day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of
the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be
elected at such meeting.
(3) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 2, a
stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange
Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to matters set forth
in this Section 2. Nothing in this Section 2 shall be deemed to affect any
rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation's
proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act.
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Section 3. Notice of Meetings.
Written notice of the place, date, and time of all meetings of
the stockholders shall be given, not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60)
days before the date on which the meeting is to be held, to each stockholder
entitled to vote at such meeting, except as otherwise provided herein or
required by law (meaning, here and hereinafter, as required from time to time by
the Delaware General Corporation Law or the Certificate of Incorporation of the
Corporation).
When a meeting is adjourned to another place, date or time,
written notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the place, date and
time thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken;
provided, however, that if the date of any adjourned meeting is more than thirty
(30) days after the date for which the meeting was originally noticed, or if a
new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, written notice of the place,
date, and time of the adjourned meeting shall be given in conformity herewith.
At any adjourned meeting, any business may be transacted which might have been
transacted at the original meeting.
Section 4. Quorum.
At any meeting of the stockholders, the holders of a majority of
all of the shares of the stock entitled to vote at the meeting, present in
person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for all purposes, unless or except
to the extent that the presence of a larger number may be required by law. Where
a separate vote by a class or classes or series is required, a majority of the
shares of such class or classes or series present in person or represented by
proxy shall constitute a quorum entitled to take action with respect to that
vote on that matter.
If a quorum shall fail to attend any meeting, the chairperson of
the meeting may adjourn the meeting to another place, date, or time.
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Section 5. Organization.
Such person as the Board of Directors may have designated or, in
the absence of such a person, the Chairman of the Board or, in his or her
absence, the President of the Corporation or, in his or her absence, such person
as may be chosen by the holders of a majority of the shares entitled to vote who
are present, in person or by proxy, shall call to order any meeting of the
stockholders and act as chairperson of the meeting. In the absence of the
Secretary of the Corporation, the secretary of the meeting shall be such person
as the chairperson of the meeting appoints.
Section 6. Conduct of Business.
The chairperson of any meeting of stockholders shall determine
the order of business and the procedure at the meeting, including such
regulation of the manner of voting and the conduct of discussion as seem to him
or her in order. The chairperson shall have the power to adjourn the meeting to
another place, date and time. The date and time of the opening and closing of
the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at the meeting
shall be announced at the meeting.
Section 7. Proxies and Voting.
At any meeting of the stockholders, every stockholder entitled to
vote may vote in person or by proxy authorized by an instrument in writing or by
a transmission permitted by law filed in accordance with the procedure
established for the meeting. Any copy, facsimile telecommunication or other
reliable reproduction of the writing or transmission created pursuant to this
paragraph may be substituted or used in lieu of the original writing or
transmission for any and all purposes for which the original writing or
transmission could be used, provided that such copy, facsimile telecommunication
or other reproduction shall be a complete reproduction of the entire original
writing or transmission.
The Corporation may, and to the extent required by law, shall, in
advance of any meeting of stockholders, appoint one or more inspector(s) to act
at the meeting and make a written report thereof. The Corporation may designate
one or more alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If
no inspector or alternate is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the
person presiding at the meeting may, and to the extent required by law, shall,
appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. Each inspector, before
entering upon the
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discharge of his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to
execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the
best of his or her ability. Every vote taken by ballots shall be counted by a
duly appointed inspector or inspectors.
All elections shall be determined by a plurality of the votes
cast, and except as otherwise required by law, all other matters shall be
determined by a majority of the votes cast affirmatively or negatively.
Section 8. Stock List.
A complete list of stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting
of stockholders, arranged in alphabetical order for each class of stock and
showing the address of each such stockholder and the number of shares registered
in his or her name, shall be open to the examination of any such stockholder in
the manner provided by law.
The stock list shall also be open to the examination of any
stockholder during the time of the meeting as provided by law. This list shall
presumptively determine the identity of the stockholders entitled to vote at the
meeting and the number of shares held by each of them.
ARTICLE II - BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Section 1. Number, Election and Term of Directors.
Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of preferred
stock to elect directors under specified circumstances, the number of directors
shall be fixed from time to time exclusively by the Board of Directors pursuant
to a resolution adopted by a majority of the Whole Board. The directors, other
than those who may be elected by the holders of any series of preferred stock
under specified circumstances, shall be divided, with respect to the time for
which they severally hold office, into three classes with the term of office of
the first class to expire at the Corporation's first annual meeting of
stockholders after the directors are first elected to such classes, the term of
office of the second class to expire at the Corporation's second annual meeting
of stockholders after the directors are first elected to such classes and the
term of office of the third class to expire at the Corporation's third annual
meeting of stockholders after the directors are first elected to such classes,
with each director to hold office until his or her successor shall have been
duly elected and qualified.
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At each annual meeting of stockholders, commencing with the first annual meeting
of stockholders after the directors are first elected to such classes, (i)
directors elected to succeed those directors whose terms then expire shall be
elected for a term of office to expire at the third succeeding annual meeting of
stockholders after their election, with each director to hold office until his
or her successor shall have been duly elected and qualified, and (ii) if
authorized by a resolution of the Board of Directors, directors may be elected
to fill any vacancy on the Board of Directors, regardless of how such vacancy
shall have been created.
Section 2. Newly Created Directorships and Vacancies.
Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of preferred
stock then outstanding, newly created directorships resulting from any increase
in the authorized number of directors or any vacancies in the Board of Directors
resulting from death, resignation, retirement, disqualification, removal from
office or other cause shall, unless otherwise required by law or by resolution
of the Board of Directors, be filled only by a majority vote of the directors
then in office, though less than a quorum (and not by stockholders), and
directors so chosen shall hold office for a term expiring at the annual meeting
of stockholders at which the term of office of the class to which they have been
elected expires and until such director's successor shall have been duly elected
and qualified. No decrease in the number of authorized directors shall shorten
the term of any incumbent director.
Section 3. Regular Meetings.
Regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held at such
place or places, on such date or dates, and at such time or times as shall have
been established by the Board of Directors and publicized among all directors. A
notice of each regular meeting shall not be required.
Section 4. Special Meetings.
Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by the
Chairman of the Board or by a majority of the Whole Board and shall be held at
such place, on such date, and at such time as they or he or she shall fix.
Notice of the place, date, and time of each such special meeting shall be given
to each director by whom it is not waived by mailing written notice not less
than five (5) days before the meeting or by telephone or by telegraphing or
telexing or by facsimile or electronic transmission of the same not less than
twenty-four (24) hours before the meeting. Unless otherwise indicated in the
notice thereof, any and all business
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may be transacted at a special meeting.
Section 5. Quorum.
At any meeting of the Board of Directors, a majority of the total
number of the Whole Board shall constitute a quorum for all purposes. If a
quorum shall fail to attend any meeting, a majority of those present may adjourn
the meeting to another place, date, or time, without further notice or waiver
thereof.
Section 6. Participation in Meetings By Conference Telephone.
Members of the Board of Directors, or of any committee thereof,
may participate in a meeting of such Board of Directors or committee by means of
conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all
persons participating in the meeting can hear each other and such participation
shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
Section 7. Conduct of Business.
At any meeting of the Board of Directors, business shall be
transacted in such order and manner as the Board of Directors may from time to
time determine, and all matters shall be determined by the vote of a majority of
the directors present, except as otherwise provided herein or required by law.
Action may be taken by the Board of Directors without a meeting if all members
thereof consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission, and the
writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with
the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors. Such filing shall be in
paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in
electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.
Section 8. Compensation of Directors.
Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation,
the Board of Directors shall have the authority to fix the compensation of the
directors. The directors may be paid their expenses, if any, of attendance at
each meeting of the Board of Directors and may be paid a fixed sum for
attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors or paid a stated salary or
paid other compensation as director. No such payment shall preclude any director
from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation
therefor. Members of special or standing committees may be allowed compensation
for attending committee meetings.
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ARTICLE III - COMMITTEES
Section 1. Committees of the Board of Directors.
The Board of Directors may from time to time designate committees
of the Board of Directors, with such lawfully delegable powers and duties as it
thereby confers, to serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors and shall,
for those committees and any others provided for herein, elect a director or
directors to serve as the member or members, designating, if it desires, other
directors as alternate members who may replace any absent or disqualified member
at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of any
member of any committee and any alternate member in his or her place, the member
or members of the committee present at the meeting and not disqualified from
voting, whether or not he or she or they constitute a quorum, may by unanimous
vote appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in
the place of the absent or disqualified member.
Section 2. Conduct of Business.
Each committee may determine the procedural rules for meeting and
conducting its business and shall act in accordance therewith, except as
otherwise provided herein or required by law. Adequate provision shall be made
for notice to members of all meetings; one-third (1/3) of the members shall
constitute a quorum unless the committee shall consist of one (1) or two (2)
members, in which event one (1) member shall constitute a quorum; and all
matters shall be determined by a majority vote of the members present. Action
may be taken by any committee without a meeting if all members thereof consent
thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of
the proceedings of such committee.
ARTICLE IV - OFFICERS
Section 1. Generally.
The officers of the Corporation shall consist of a Chairman of
the Board, a President, one or more Vice Presidents, a Secretary, a Chief
Financial Officer and such other officers as may from time to time be appointed
by the Board of Directors. Officers shall be elected by the Board of Directors,
which shall consider that subject at its first meeting after every annual
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meeting of stockholders. Each officer shall hold office until his or her
successor is elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or
removal. Any number of offices may be held by the same person. The salaries of
officers elected by the Board of Directors shall be fixed from time to time by
the Board of Directors or by such officers as may be designated by resolution of
the Board of Directors.
Section 2. Chairman of the Board.
The Board of Directors shall elect from among its members a
Chairman of the Board. The Chairman of the Board shall perform all duties and
have all powers which are prescribed by these By-Laws or otherwise prescribed by
the Board of Directors.
Section 3. President.
The President shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the
Corporation. Subject to the provisions of these By-laws and to the direction of
the Board of Directors, he or she shall have the responsibility for the general
management and control of the business and affairs of the Corporation and shall
perform all duties and have all powers which are commonly incident to the office
of chief executive or which are delegated to him or her by the Board of
Directors. He or she shall have power to sign all stock certificates, contracts
and other instruments of the Corporation which are authorized and shall have
general supervision and direction of all of the other officers, employees and
agents of the Corporation.
Section 4. Vice President.
Each Vice President shall have such powers and duties as may be
delegated to him or her by the Board of Directors. One (1) Vice President shall
be designated by the Board of Directors to perform the duties and exercise the
powers of the President in the event of the President's absence or disability.
Section 5. Chief Financial Officer.
The Chief Financial Officer shall have the responsibility for
maintaining the financial records of the Corporation. He or she shall make such
disbursements of the funds of the Corporation as are authorized and shall render
from time to time an account of all such transactions and of the financial
condition of the Corporation. The Chief Financial Officer shall also perform
such other duties as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe.
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Section 6. Secretary.
The Secretary shall issue all authorized notices for, and shall
keep minutes of, all meetings of the stockholders and the Board of Directors. He
or she shall have charge of the corporate books and shall perform such other
duties as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe.
Section 7. Delegation of Authority.
The Board of Directors may from time to time delegate the powers
or duties of any officer to any other officers or agents, notwithstanding any
provision hereof.
Section 8. Removal.
Any officer of the Corporation may be removed at any time, with
or without cause, by the Board of Directors.
Section 9. Action with Respect to Securities of Other
Corporations.
Unless otherwise directed by the Board of Directors, the
President or any officer of the Corporation authorized by the President shall
have power to vote and otherwise act on behalf of the Corporation, in person or
by proxy, at any meeting of stockholders of or with respect to any action of
stockholders of any other Corporation in which this Corporation may hold
securities and otherwise to exercise any and all rights and powers which this
Corporation may possess by reason of its ownership of securities in such other
Corporation.
ARTICLE V - STOCK
Section 1. Certificates of Stock.
Each stockholder shall be entitled to a certificate signed by, or
in the name of the Corporation by, the President or a Vice President, and by the
Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, certifying the number of shares owned by
him or her. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be by facsimile.
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Section 2. Transfers of Stock.
Transfers of stock shall be made only upon the transfer books of
the Corporation kept at an office of the Corporation or by transfer agents
designated to transfer shares of the stock of the Corporation. Except where a
certificate is issued in accordance with Section 4 of Article V of these
By-laws, an outstanding certificate for the number of shares involved shall be
surrendered for cancellation before a new certificate is issued therefor.
Section 3. Record Date.
In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders
entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders, or to receive
payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or to
exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or
for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may, except
as otherwise required by law, fix a record date, which record date shall not
precede the date on which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted and
which record date shall not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days
before the date of any meeting of stockholders, nor more than sixty (60) days
prior to the time for such other action as hereinbefore described; provided,
however, that if no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record
date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting
of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the
day on which notice is given or, if notice is waived, at the close of business
on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held, and, for
determining stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other
distribution or allotment of rights or to exercise any rights of change,
conversion or exchange of stock or for any other purpose, the record date shall
be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts a
resolution relating thereto.
A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of
or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the
meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record
date for the adjourned meeting.
Section 4. Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates.
In the event of the loss, theft or destruction of any certificate
of stock, another may be issued in its place pursuant to such regulations as the
Board of Directors may establish
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concerning proof of such loss, theft or destruction and concerning the giving of
a satisfactory bond or bonds of indemnity.
Section 5. Regulations.
The issue, transfer, conversion and registration of certificates
of stock shall be governed by such other regulations as the Board of Directors
may establish.
ARTICLE VI - NOTICES
Section 1. Notices.
Except as otherwise specifically provided herein or required or
permitted by law, all notices required to be given to any stockholder may in
every instance be effectively given by hand delivery to the recipient thereof,
by depositing such notice in the mails, postage paid, recognized overnight
delivery service or by sending such notice by facsimile, receipt acknowledged,
or by prepaid telegram or mailgram. Any such notice shall be addressed to such
stockholder at his or her last known address as the same appears on the books of
the Corporation. Notices given to stockholders may be given by electronic
transmission in the manner provided by law. The time when such notice is
received, if hand delivered, or dispatched, if delivered through the mails or by
telegram or mailgram, shall be the time of the giving of the notice.
Section 2. Waivers.
A written waiver of any notice, signed by a stockholder or
director, or waiver by electronic transmission by such person, whether given
before or after the time of the event for which notice is to be given, shall be
deemed equivalent to the notice required to be given to such person. Neither the
business nor the purpose of any meeting need be specified in such a waiver.
Attendance at any meeting shall constitute waiver of notice except attendance
for the sole purpose of objecting to the timeliness of notice.
ARTICLE VII - MISCELLANEOUS
Section 1. Facsimile Signatures.
In addition to the provisions for use of facsimile signatures
elsewhere specifically authorized in these By-laws,
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facsimile signatures of any officer or officers of the Corporation may be used
whenever and as authorized by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof.
Section 2. Corporate Seal.
The Board of Directors may provide a suitable seal, containing
the name of the Corporation, which seal shall be in the charge of the Secretary.
If and when so directed by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof,
duplicates of the seal may be kept and used by the Chief Financial Officer or by
an Assistant Secretary.
Section 3. Reliance upon Books, Reports and Records.
Each director, each member of any committee designated by the
Board of Directors, and each officer of the Corporation shall, in the
performance of his or her duties, be fully protected in relying in good faith
upon the books of account or other records of the Corporation and upon such
information, opinions, reports or statements presented to the Corporation by any
of its officers or employees, or committees of the Board of Directors so
designated, or by any other person as to matters which such director or
committee member reasonably believes are within such other person's professional
or expert competence and who has been selected with reasonable care by or on
behalf of the Corporation.
Section 4. Fiscal Year.
The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be as fixed by the Board
of Directors and initially set to be coterminous with a calendar year.
Section 5. Time Periods.
In applying any provision of these By-laws which requires that an
act be done or not be done a specified number of days prior to an event or that
an act be done during a period of a specified number of days prior to an event,
calendar days shall be used, the day of the doing of the act shall be excluded,
and the day of the event shall be included.
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ARTICLE VIII - INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
Section 1. Right to Indemnification.
Each person who was or is made a party or is threatened to be
made a party to or is otherwise involved in any action, suit or proceeding,
whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (hereinafter a
"proceeding"), by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director or an
officer of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the
Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or
of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service
with respect to an employee benefit plan (hereinafter an "indemnitee"), whether
the basis of such proceeding is alleged action in an official capacity as a
director, officer, employee or agent or in any other capacity while serving as a
director, officer, employee or agent, shall be indemnified and held harmless by
the Corporation to the fullest extent authorized by the Delaware General
Corporation Law, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended (but, in the
case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the
Corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than such law permitted
the Corporation to provide prior to such amendment), against all expense,
liability and loss (including attorneys' fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise
taxes or penalties and amounts paid in settlement) reasonably incurred or
suffered by such indemnitee in connection therewith; provided, however, that,
except as provided in Section 3 of this ARTICLE VIII with respect to proceedings
to enforce rights to indemnification, the Corporation shall indemnify any such
indemnitee in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such
indemnitee only if such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board
of Directors of the Corporation.
Section 2. Right to Advancement of Expenses.
In addition to the right to indemnification conferred in Section
1 of this ARTICLE VIII, an indemnitee shall also have the right to be paid by
the Corporation the expenses (including attorney's fees) incurred in defending
any such proceeding in advance of its final disposition (hereinafter an
"advancement of expenses"); provided, however, that, if the Delaware General
Corporation Law requires, an advancement of expenses incurred by an indemnitee
in his or her capacity as a director or officer (and not in any other capacity
in which service was or is rendered by such indemnitee, including, without
limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) shall be made only upon
delivery to the
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Corporation of an undertaking (hereinafter an "undertaking"), by or on behalf of
such indemnitee, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be
determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to
appeal (hereinafter a "final adjudication") that such indemnitee is not entitled
to be indemnified for such expenses under this Section 2 or otherwise. The
rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses conferred in
Sections 1 and 2 of this ARTICLE VIII shall be contract rights and such rights
shall continue as to an indemnitee who has ceased to be a director, officer,
employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the indemnitee's heirs,
executors and administrators.
Section 3. Right of Indemnitee to Bring Suit.
If a claim under Section 1 or 2 of this ARTICLE VIII is not paid
in full by the Corporation within sixty (60) days after a written claim has been
received by the Corporation, except in the case of a claim for an advancement of
expenses, in which case the applicable period shall be twenty (20) days, the
indemnitee may at any time thereafter bring suit against the Corporation to
recover the unpaid amount of the claim. If successful in whole or in part in any
such suit, or in a suit brought by the Corporation to recover an advancement of
expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the indemnitee shall be
entitled to be paid also the expense of prosecuting or defending such suit. In
(i) any suit brought by the indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification
hereunder (but not in a suit brought by the indemnitee to enforce a right to an
advancement of expenses) it shall be a defense that, and (ii) in any suit
brought by the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the
terms of an undertaking, the Corporation shall be entitled to recover such
expenses upon a final adjudication that, the indemnitee has not met any
applicable standard for indemnification set forth in the Delaware General
Corporation Law. Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its directors
who are not parties to such action, a committee of such directors, independent
legal counsel, or its stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the
commencement of such suit that indemnification of the indemnitee is proper in
the circumstances because the indemnitee has met the applicable standard of
conduct set forth in the Delaware General Corporation Law, nor an actual
determination by the Corporation (including its directors who are not parties to
such action, a committee of such directors, independent legal counsel, or its
stockholders) that the indemnitee has not met such applicable standard of
conduct, shall create a presumption that the indemnitee has not met the
applicable standard of conduct or, in the case of such a suit brought by the
indemnitee, be a defense to such
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suit. In any suit brought by the indemnitee to enforce a right to
indemnification or to an advancement of expenses hereunder, or brought by the
Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an
undertaking, the burden of proving that the indemnitee is not entitled to be
indemnified, or to such advancement of expenses, under this ARTICLE VIII or
otherwise shall be on the Corporation.
Section 4. Non-Exclusivity of Rights.
The rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses
conferred in this ARTICLE VIII shall not be exclusive of any other right which
any person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, the Corporation's
Certificate of Incorporation, By-laws, agreement, vote of stockholders or
disinterested directors or otherwise.
Section 5. Insurance.
The Corporation may maintain insurance, at its expense, to
protect itself and any director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation
or another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise
against any expense, liability or loss, whether or not the Corporation would
have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or loss
under the Delaware General Corporation Law.
Section 6. Indemnification of Employees and Agents of the
Corporation.
The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time
by the Board of Directors, grant rights to indemnification and to the
advancement of expenses to any employee or agent of the Corporation to the
fullest extent of the provisions of this Article with respect to the
indemnification and advancement of expenses of directors and officers of the
Corporation.
ARTICLE IX - AMENDMENTS
In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by
law, the Board of Directors is expressly authorized to make, alter, amend and
repeal these By-Laws subject to the power of the holders of capital stock of the
Corporation to alter, amend or repeal the By-Laws; provided, however, that, with
respect to the power of holders of capital stock to make, alter, amend and
repeal By-Laws of the Corporation, notwithstanding any other provision of these
By-Laws or any provision of law which might
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otherwise permit a lesser vote or no vote, but in addition to any affirmative
vote of the holders of any particular class or series of the capital stock of
the Corporation required by law, these By-Laws or any preferred stock, the
affirmative vote of the holders of at least 80% percent of the voting power of
all of the then-outstanding shares entitled to vote generally in the election of
directors, voting together as a single class, shall be required to make, alter,
amend or repeal any provision of these By-Laws.
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