<PAGE>
TAX SHARING AGREEMENT
dated as of August 1, 2000
by and between
SEA CONTAINERS LTD.
and
ORIENT-EXPRESS HOTELS LTD.
<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
<S> <C>
Section 1. Definitions.......................................................................................2
"Audit"................................................................................................2
"Closing Date".........................................................................................2
"Code".................................................................................................2
"Combined Group".......................................................................................2
"Combined Return"......................................................................................2
"Combined Tax".........................................................................................2
"Consolidated Group"...................................................................................2
"Consolidated Return"..................................................................................2
"Deconsolidation"......................................................................................2
"Deconsolidation Date".................................................................................2
"Deconsolidation Tax"..................................................................................3
"Estimated Tax Installment Date".......................................................................3
"Federal Income Tax"...................................................................................3
"Federal Tax"..........................................................................................3
"Final Determination"..................................................................................3
"Income Tax"...........................................................................................3
"Indemnifiable Loss Deduction".........................................................................3
"Indemnified Loss".....................................................................................3
"Indemnitee"...........................................................................................4
"Indemnitor"...........................................................................................4
"Independent Firm" ....................................................................................4
"Interest Accrual Period" .............................................................................4
"IPO"..................................................................................................4
"Losses"...............................................................................................4
"OEHL Affiliate".......................................................................................4
"OEHL Deconsolidation Tax Return"......................................................................4
"OEHL Group"...........................................................................................4
"OEHL Restructuring Tax Return" .......................................................................4
"Opinion Documents"....................................................................................4
"Other Separate Tax"...................................................................................4
"Payment Period".......................................................................................4
"Post-Deconsolidation Period"..........................................................................4
"Pre-Deconsolidation Period"...........................................................................4
"Privilege"............................................................................................5
"Restated Tax Saving Amount"...........................................................................5
"Restructuring"........................................................................................5
"Restructuring Agreement"..............................................................................5
"Restructuring Taxes"..................................................................................5
"SCL Affiliate"........................................................................................5
<PAGE>
"SCL Group"............................................................................................5
"Separate Return"......................................................................................5
"Service"..............................................................................................5
"Spinoff"..............................................................................................5
"Spinoff Date".........................................................................................5
"Straddle Period"......................................................................................5
"Tax"..................................................................................................6
"Tax Asset"............................................................................................6
"Tax Authority"........................................................................................6
"Tax Item".............................................................................................6
"Tax Return"...........................................................................................6
"Tax Saving Amount"....................................................................................6
"Treasury Regulations".................................................................................6
Section 2. Preparation and Filing of Tax Returns..............................................................6
2.1 Responsibility for Returns.........................................................................6
2.2 Manner of Preparing and Filing Tax Returns.........................................................8
2.3 Agent..............................................................................................8
Section 3. Payment of Taxes to Tax Authorities................................................................9
3.1 Federal Income Taxes...............................................................................9
3.2 Combined Taxes.....................................................................................9
3.3 Other Federal Taxes................................................................................9
3.4 Other Separate Taxes...............................................................................9
Section 4. Allocation of Taxes; Payment for Losses............................................................9
4.1 SCL Group Federal Income Tax Liability.............................................................9
4.2 OEHL Group Combined Tax Liability.................................................................10
4.3 Cooperation.......................................................................................12
4.4 Tax Sharing Installment Payments..................................................................12
4.5 Tax Sharing True-Up Payments......................................................................13
4.6 Redetermination Amounts...........................................................................13
4.7 Payment of Taxes for Post-Deconsolidation Periods.................................................13
Section 5. Tax Attributes....................................................................................14
5.1 Allocation of Tax Items...........................................................................14
5.2 Post Deconsolidation..............................................................................14
Section 6. Additional Obligations............................................................................14
6.1 Provision of Information and Mutual Cooperation...................................................14
6.2 Indemnification...................................................................................15
6.3 Tax Consequences of Payments......................................................................15
6.4 Interest..........................................................................................17
Section 7. Audits............................................................................................17
7.1 In General........................................................................................17
ii
<PAGE>
7.2 Notice............................................................................................18
7.3 Failure to Notify.................................................................................18
Section 8. Dispute Resolution.........................................................................18
Section 9. Restructuring.....................................................................................19
9.1 Restructuring Taxes...............................................................................19
9.2 Tax Reporting of Restructuring Items..............................................................19
9.3 Audits Relating to Restructuring or Deconsolidation...............................................20
9.4 Provision of Information and Mutual Cooperation...................................................20
9.5 Allocation of Tax Assets..........................................................................20
Section 10. Spinoff..........................................................................................21
10.1 Spinoff Related Items............................................................................21
10.2 Information for Shareholders.....................................................................22
Section 11. Miscellaneous....................................................................................22
11.1 Effectiveness....................................................................................22
11.2 Notices..........................................................................................22
11.3 Changes in Law...................................................................................23
11.4 Successors and Assigns...........................................................................23
11.5 Authorization, Etc...............................................................................23
11.6 Complete Agreement...............................................................................23
11.7 Interpretation...................................................................................23
11.8 Counterparts.....................................................................................24
11.9 Legal Enforceability.............................................................................24
11.10 No Third Party Beneficiaries....................................................................24
11.11 Choice of Law; Jurisdiction and Forum...........................................................24
11.12 Amendment and Modification......................................................................24
</TABLE>
iii
<PAGE>
TAX SHARING AGREEMENT
TAX SHARING AGREEMENT (this "Agreement"), dated as of August 1, 2000,
by and among Sea Containers Ltd. ("SCL"), a Bermuda company, and Orient-Express
Hotels Ltd. ("OEHL"), a Bermuda company and wholly-owned subsidiary of SCL.
RECITALS
WHEREAS, in addition to its marine cargo container leasing, ferry and
other material businesses, SCL has been engaged through OEHL and its various
predecessor companies and their various subsidiaries and divisions in owning
and/or operating luxury hotels, tourist trains and restaurants in connection
with the leisure business;
WHEREAS, the Boards of Directors of SCL and OEHL have determined that
it is in the best interests of OEHL and SCL for OEHL to offer Class A Common
Shares, par value $.01 per share (the "Class A Common Shares") of OEHL for sale
to the public pursuant to an initial public offering ("IPO") and in connection
therewith to separate its businesses so that from and after the Closing Date (as
defined herein) the leisure business will be owned by OEHL and its subsidiaries
and divisions;
WHEREAS, Orient Express Hotels Inc. ("OEHI"), a Delaware corporation
wholly-owned by subsidiary of OEHL, is the common parent corporation of an
affiliated group of corporations within the meaning of Section 1504(a) of the
Code (as defined herein) and of consolidated, combined, unitary and other
similar groups as defined under similar laws of other jurisdictions;
WHEREAS, in connection with the IPO, SCL, OEHL and their respective
affiliates have engaged in the Restructuring (as defined herein); and
WHEREAS, it is appropriate and desirable to set forth the principles
and responsibilities of the parties to this Agreement regarding the allocation
of Taxes (as defined herein) and other related liabilities and adjustments with
respect to Taxes, Audits (as defined herein) and other related Tax matters.
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises or promises and the
mutual covenants contained herein and intending to be legally bound hereby, the
parties hereto hereby agree as follows:
SECTION 1. DEFINITIONS - Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall
have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Restructuring Agreement (as
defined herein). As used in this Agreement, capitalized terms shall have the
following meanings (such meanings to be equally applicable to both the singular
and plural forms of the terms defined).
1
<PAGE>
"AUDIT" includes any audit, assessment of Taxes, other examination by
any Tax Authority, proceeding, or appeal of such a proceeding relating to Taxes,
whether administrative or judicial.
"CLOSING DATE" has the meaning set forth in the Restructuring
Agreement.
"CODE" means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended, or any successor statute.
"COMBINED GROUP" means a group of corporations or other entities that
files a Combined Return or a corporation or other entity that files a Combined
Return described in clause (ii) of the definition of "Combined Return."
"COMBINED RETURN" means any Tax Return with respect to Taxes, other
than Federal Taxes,(i) filed on a consolidated, combined (including nexus
combination, worldwide combination, domestic combination, line of business
combination or any other form of combination) or unitary basis wherein OEHL or
one or more OEHL Affiliates join in the filing of such Tax Return (for any
taxable period or portion thereof) with SCL or one or more SCL Affiliates, or
(ii) pursuant to which Tax Items or Tax Assets of (A) SCL (or any SCL Affiliate)
are included on a separate Tax Return of OEHL (or any OEHL Affiliate) or (B)
OEHL (or any OEHL Affiliate) are included on a separate Tax Return of SCL (or
any SCL Affiliate) (including, without limitation, certain Tax Returns filed
under the laws of the United Kingdom).
"COMBINED TAX" means any Tax with respect to which a Combined Return is
filed.
"CONSOLIDATED GROUP" means an affiliated group of corporations within
the meaning of Section 1504(a) of the Code that files a Consolidated Return.
"CONSOLIDATED RETURN" means any Tax Return with respect to Federal
Income Taxes filed on a consolidated basis wherein one or more OEHL Affiliates
join in the filing of such Tax Return (for any taxable period or portion
thereof) with one or more SCL Affiliates.
"DECONSOLIDATION" means with respect to each Tax Return (i) any event
pursuant to which one or more SCL Affiliates cease to be includable in the
Consolidated Return, (ii) any event pursuant to which neither OEHL nor any OEHL
Affiliate continues to be included in a Combined Return which includes SCL
and/or a SCL Affiliate, or (iii) any event pursuant to which a Tax Return
described in clause (ii) of the definition of Combined Return no longer includes
Tax Items or Tax Assets of both SCL (or any SCL Affiliate) and OEHL (or any OEHL
Affiliate).
"DECONSOLIDATION DATE" means the day on which a Deconsolidation occurs.
"DECONSOLIDATION TAX" means any Tax, resulting from a Deconsolidation,
taken into account under Section 1.1502-13 or Section 1.1502-19 or any
predecessor provision of the Treasury Regulations (or any similar provision
under Non-Federal Tax law).
2
<PAGE>
"ESTIMATED TAX INSTALLMENT DATE" means the due date for any estimated
tax payment, including (in the case of Federal Income Tax), the installments due
dates prescribed in Section 6655(c) of the Code (presently April 15, June 15,
September 15 and December 15), and the tax payment due March 15 (where an
extension is requested for the filing of the Tax Return).
"FEDERAL INCOME TAX" means any Tax imposed under Subtitle A of the Code
or any other provision of United States federal Income Tax law (including the
Taxes imposed by Sections 11, 55, 59A, and 1201(a) of the Code), and any
interest, additions to Tax or penalties applicable or related thereto.
"FEDERAL TAX" means any Tax imposed under the Code or otherwise under
United States federal Tax law.
"FINAL DETERMINATION" means the final resolution of any Tax (or other
matter) for a taxable period, including related interest or penalties, that,
under applicable law, is not subject to further appeal, review or modification
through proceedings or otherwise, including (1) by the expiration of a statute
of limitations or a period for the filing of claims for refunds, amending Tax
Returns, appealing from adverse determinations, or recovering any refund
(including by offset), (2) by a decision, judgment, decree, or other order by a
court of competent jurisdiction, which has become final and unappealable, (3) by
a closing agreement or an accepted offer in compromise under Section 7121 or
7122 of the Code, or comparable agreements under laws of other jurisdictions,
(4) by execution of an Internal Revenue Service Form 870 or 870AD, or by a
comparable form under the laws of other jurisdictions (excluding, however, with
respect to a particular Tax Item for a particular taxable period any such form
that reserves (whether by its terms or by operation of law) the right of the
taxpayer to file a claim for refund and/or the right of the Tax Authority to
assert a further deficiency with respect to such Tax Item for such period), or
(5) by any allowance of a refund or credit, but only after the expiration of all
periods during which such refund or credit may be recovered (including by way of
offset).
"INCOME TAX" means (a) any Tax based upon, measured by, or calculated
with respect to (1) net income or profits (including, without limitation, any
capital gains Tax, minimum Tax and any Tax on items of Tax preference, but not
including sales, use, real or personal property, gross or net receipts, transfer
or similar Taxes) or (2) multiple bases if one or more of the bases upon which
such Tax may be based, measured by, or calculated with respect to, is described
in clause (1) above, or (b) any United States state or local franchise Tax.
"INDEMNIFIABLE LOSS DEDUCTION" has the meaning set forth in Section
6.3(b) of this Agreement.
"INDEMNIFIED LOSS" has the meaning set forth in Section 6.3(b) of this
Agreement.
"INDEMNITEE" has the meaning set forth in Section 6.3(b) of this
Agreement.
"INDEMNITOR" has the meaning set forth in Section 6.3(b) of this
Agreement.
"INDEPENDENT FIRM" has the meaning set forth in Section 8 of this
Agreement.
3
<PAGE>
"INTEREST ACCRUAL PERIOD" has the meaning set forth in Section 6.4 of
this Agreement.
"IPO" has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.
"LOSSES" means any and all damages, losses, deficiencies, liabilities,
obligations, penalties, judgments, settlements, claims, payments, fines,
interest, costs and expenses, including direct and consequential damages, but
excluding punitive damages (other than punitive damages awarded to any third
party against a party hereunder).
"OEHL AFFILIATE" means any corporation or other entity in which OEHL
owns (directly or indirectly through other OEHL Affiliates) more than fifty
percent (50%) of the total combined voting power (at any time after the Closing
Date).
"OEHL DECONSOLIDATION TAX RETURN" has the meaning set forth in Section
9.2(b) of this Agreement.
"OEHL GROUP" means OEHL and all OEHL Affiliates, or any subgroup
thereof, excluding any member of the SCL Group.
"OEHL RESTRUCTURING TAX RETURN" has the meaning set forth in Section
9.2(a) of this Agreement.
"OPINION" means the opinion that SCL may request from Deloitte & Touche
to the effect that the Spinoff should qualify under Section 355 of the Code.
"OPINION DOCUMENTS" means any and all documents relied upon by Deloitte
& Touche in rendering the Opinion.
"OTHER SEPARATE TAX" means any Tax, other than Federal Tax, with
respect to which a Combined Return is not filed.
"PAYMENT PERIOD" has the meaning set forth in Section 6.4 of this
Agreement.
"POST-DECONSOLIDATION PERIOD" means any taxable period with respect to
a Consolidated Return or Combined Return, as the case may be, beginning after a
Deconsolidation Date.
"PRE-DECONSOLIDATION PERIOD" means any taxable period with respect to a
Consolidated Return or Combined Return, as the case may be, beginning on or
before a Deconsolidation Date.
"PRIVILEGE" means any privilege that may be asserted under applicable
law including, any privilege arising under or relating to the attorney-client
relationship (including the attorney-
4
<PAGE>
client and work product privileges), the accountant-client privilege, and any
privilege relating to internal evaluation processes.
"RESTATED TAX SAVING AMOUNT" has the meaning set forth in Section
6.3(c) of this Agreement.
"RESTRUCTURING" means the series of transactions contemplated by the
Restructuring Agreement.
"RESTRUCTURING AGREEMENT" means the Restructuring Agreement, dated as
of July 21, 2000 by and between SCL, OEHL, OEHI, and other affiliates of SCL and
OEHL.
"RESTRUCTURING TAXES" means any Tax (net of any current benefit
arising from any Tax Asset) resulting from the Restructuring imposed upon SCL or
any SCL Affiliate or OEHL or any OEHL Affiliate; provided that such term shall
not refer to such collateral Tax effects as the tax basis of assets, the amount
of Tax Assets or earnings and profits of OEHL or any OEHL Affiliate.
"SCL AFFILIATE" means any corporation or other entity in which SCL owns
(directly or indirectly through other SCL Affiliates) more than fifty percent
(50%) of the total combined voting power (at any time after the Closing Date),
other than OEHL or any OEHL Affiliate.
"SCL GROUP" means SCL and all SCL Affiliates, or any sub-group thereof,
excluding any member of the OEHL Group.
"SEPARATE RETURN" means any Tax Return with respect to Other Separate
Taxes filed by SCL, OEHL, or any of their respective affiliates.
"SERVICE" means the Internal Revenue Service or any successor agency or
authority.
"SPINOFF" means any distribution (or exchange) by SCL or any SCL
Affiliate, with respect to its shares, of the shares of OEHL (or any successor
corporation or corporation which owns stock of OEHL) in a transaction intended
to qualify under Section 355 of the Code.
"SPINOFF DATE" means the close of business on the date on which the
Spinoff is effected.
"STRADDLE PERIOD" means any taxable period with respect to a
Consolidated Return or Combined Return, as the case may be, beginning on or
before the Deconsolidation Date and ending after the Deconsolidation Date.
"TAX" means any charges, fees, levies, imposts, duties, or other
assessments of a similar nature, including income, alternative or add-on
minimum, gross receipts, profits, lease, service, service use, wage, wage
withholding, employment, workers compensation, business occupation, occupation,
premiums, environmental, estimated, excise, employment, sales, use, transfer,
license, payroll, franchise, severance, stamp, occupation, windfall profits,
withholding, social
5
<PAGE>
security, unemployment, disability, ad valorem, highway use, commercial rent,
capital stock, paid up capital, recording, registration, property, real property
gains, value added, business license, custom duties, or other tax or
governmental fee of any kind whatsoever, imposed or required to be withheld by
any Tax Authority including any interest, additions to tax, or penalties
applicable or related thereto.
"TAX ASSET" means any Tax Item that could reduce a Tax, including a net
operating loss, net capital loss, investment tax credit, foreign tax credit,
charitable deduction or credit related to alternative minimum tax or any other
Tax credit.
"TAX AUTHORITY" means a governmental authority or any subdivision,
agency, commission or authority thereof or any quasi-governmental or private
body having jurisdiction over the assessment, determination, collection or
imposition of any Tax (including, without limitation, the Service).
"TAX ITEM" means any item of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit,
or other attribute that may have the effect of increasing or decreasing any Tax.
"TAX RETURN" means any return, report, certificate, form or similar
statement or document (including any related or supporting information or
schedule attached thereto and any information return, amended tax return, claim
for refund or declaration of estimated tax) required to be supplied to, or filed
with, a Tax Authority in connection with the determination, assessment or
collection of any Tax or the administration of any laws, regulations or
administrative requirements relating to any Tax.
"TAX SAVING AMOUNT" has the meaning set forth in Section 6.3(b) of this
Agreement.
"TREASURY REGULATIONS" means the final, temporary and proposed income
tax regulations promulgated under the Code, as such regulations may be amended
from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding
regulations).
SECTION 2. PREPARATION AND FILING OF TAX RETURNS
2.1 RESPONSIBILITY FOR RETURNS. (a) U.S. CONSOLIDATED TAX RETURNS. (i)
OEHL shall have the sole and exclusive responsibility for the preparation and
filing of the Consolidated Tax Returns of the affiliated group of which OEHI is
the common parent (or any successor group); provided that, if SCL owns directly
or indirectly fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares (by vote or
value) of OEHL, OEHL shall, at the request of SCL, submit such Tax Returns to
SCL (no later than fifteen (15) business days prior to the due date for the
filing of such Tax Returns (taking into account applicable extensions)) for
SCL's review and approval, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld.
(ii) Notwithstanding paragraph (i), SCL shall be responsible for
preparing the portions of the Consolidated Tax Returns (including making any
related elections) that relate exclusively to SCL or any SCL Affiliate. SCL
shall submit any portions of the Tax Returns referred to in the
6
<PAGE>
immediately preceding sentence to OEHL at least forty-five (45) business days
(or such shorter period as agreed to by OEHL) prior to the due date for the
filing of such Tax Returns (taking into account applicable extensions) for
OEHL's review and approval, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld.
SCL shall advise OEHL, each time that it delivers the portion of a Consolidated
Return for which it is responsible pursuant to this Section 2.1(a)(ii), that
there is substantial authority (within the meaning of Section 1.6662-4(d) of the
Treasury Regulations) with respect to United States federal, state and local Tax
Returns for each of the positions set forth on such portion of the Tax Return.
(iii) SCL shall have the right to request that OEHL timely file an
amended Tax Return or claim for refund relating to the portion of any
Consolidated Return which SCL is responsible for preparing under this Section
2.1(a). SCL shall be responsible for preparing the portion of such amended Tax
Return or claim for refund relating to the portion of the Consolidated Return
which SCL is responsible for preparing under Section 2.1(a)(ii) of this
Agreement. SCL shall submit such portion of the amended Tax Return or claim for
refund to OEHL no later than forty-five (45) business days prior to the
requested date for filing for OEHL's review and approval, which approval shall
not be unreasonably withheld.
(b) COMBINED RETURNS. (i) Except to the extent provided in Section
2.1(b)(ii) and (iii), SCL shall have the sole and exclusive responsibility for
the preparation and filing of all Combined Returns.
(ii) OEHL shall be responsible for:
(A) preparing and filing any Combined Return of OEHL or any
OEHL Affiliate described in clause (ii) of the definition of "Combined
Return;" and
(B) preparing the portions of the Combined Returns (including
making any related elections) that relate exclusively to OEHL or any
OEHL Affiliate.
OEHL shall submit (1) any such Combined Return and (2) any such
portions of Combined Returns, to SCL at least forty-five (45) business
days (or such shorter period as agreed to by SCL) prior to the due
date for the filing of such Tax Returns (taking into account
applicable extensions) for SCL's review and approval, which approval
shall not be unreasonably withheld. OEHL shall advise SCL, each time
that it delivers any such Combined Return or any such portions, that
there is the equivalent of substantial authority (within the meaning
of Section 1.6662-4(d) of the Treasury Regulations) for each of the
positions set forth on such Combined Return or such portions.
(iii) OEHL shall have the right to request that SCL file an amended Tax
Return or claim for refund relating to the portion of any Combined Return which
OEHL is responsible for preparing under Section 2.1(b)(ii). OEHL shall be
responsible for preparing the portion of such amended Tax Return or claim for
refund relating to the portion of the Combined Return which OEHL is responsible
for preparing under Section 2.1(b)(ii). OEHL shall submit such portion of the
amended Tax Return or claim for refund to SCL no later than forty-five (45)
business days
7
<PAGE>
prior to its filing for SCL's review and approval, which approval shall not be
unreasonably withheld.
(c) OTHER TAX RETURNS. Except as otherwise provided in this Section
2.1, OEHL shall have the sole and exclusive responsibility for the preparation
and filing of all Tax Returns of OEHL and any OEHL Affiliate; provided that, if
SCL owns directly or indirectly fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding
shares (by vote or value) of OEHL, OEHL shall, at the request of SCL, submit
such Tax Returns to SCL (no later than fifteen (15) business days prior to the
due date for the filing of such Tax Returns (taking into account applicable
extensions)) for SCL's review and approval, which approval shall not be
unreasonably withheld.
2.2 MANNER OF PREPARING AND FILING TAX RETURNS. (a) All Tax Returns
filed after the date of this Agreement by SCL, any SCL Affiliate, OEHL or any
OEHL Affiliate shall be (1) prepared in a manner that is consistent with (i)
Sections 5.1 and 9.5 of this Agreement and (ii) the Opinion Documents, and (2)
filed on a timely basis (taking into account applicable extensions) by the party
responsible for such filing under Section 2.1 of this Agreement.
(b) Subject to Sections 2.1(a)(ii) and (iii), OEHL, and, subject to
Section 2.1(b)(ii)(B) and (iii), SCL, as the case may be, shall have the
exclusive right, in its sole discretion, with respect to any Tax Return for
which it is responsible under Section 2.1 hereof, to determine (1) the manner in
which such Tax Return shall be prepared and filed, including the elections,
methods of accounting, positions, conventions and principles of taxation to be
used and the manner in which any Tax Item shall be reported, (2) whether any
extensions may be requested, (3) the elections that will be made by SCL, any SCL
Affiliate, OEHL, and any OEHL Affiliate on such Tax Return, (4) whether any
amended Tax Returns shall be filed, (5) whether any claims for refund shall be
made, (6) whether any refunds shall be paid by way of refund or credited against
any liability for the related Tax, and (7) whether to retain outside firms to
prepare or review such Tax Return.
2.3 AGENT. (a) Subject to the other applicable provisions of this
Agreement, OEHL hereby irrevocably designates, and agrees to cause each OEHL
Affiliate to so designate, SCL as its sole and exclusive agent and
attorney-in-fact to take such action (including execution of documents) as SCL,
in its sole discretion, may deem appropriate in any and all matters (including
Audits) relating to any Tax Return for which SCL is responsible pursuant to
Section 2.1(b) of this Agreement.
(b) Subject to the other applicable provisions of this Agreement, SCL
hereby irrevocably designates, and agrees to cause each SCL Affiliate to so
designate, OEHL as its sole and exclusive agent and attorney-in-fact to take
such action (including execution of documents) as OEHL, in its sole discretion,
may deem appropriate in any and all matters (including Audits) relating to any
Tax Return for which OEHL is responsible pursuant to Section 2.1(a) or (b) of
this Agreement.
8
<PAGE>
SECTION 3. PAYMENT OF TAXES TO TAX AUTHORITIES
3.1 FEDERAL INCOME TAXES. OEHL shall pay (or cause to be paid) to the
Service all Federal Income Taxes with respect to any Consolidated Return due and
payable for all Pre-Deconsolidation Periods. As provided in Section 4, SCL shall
pay to OEHL the amount of the SCL Group's liability for Federal Income Taxes
under Section 4.1 hereof.
3.2 COMBINED TAXES. SCL shall pay (or cause to be paid) to the
appropriate Tax Authorities all Combined Taxes with respect to any Combined
Return due and payable for all Pre-Deconsolidation Periods; provided that, with
respect to those Tax Returns described in clauses (ii) and (iii) of the
definition of "Combined Return," SCL shall pay (or cause to be paid) to the
appropriate Tax Authorities all Taxes due with respect to any Tax Return of SCL
(or any SCL Affiliate) and OEHL shall pay (or cause to be paid) to the
appropriate Tax Authorities all Taxes due with respect to any Tax Return of OEHL
(or any OEHL Affiliate).
3.3 OTHER FEDERAL TAXES. The parties shall each pay (or cause to be
paid) to the appropriate Tax Authorities all of their respective Federal Taxes
(excluding Federal Income Taxes for Pre-Deconsolidation Periods which are
governed by Section 3.1 of this Agreement).
3.4 OTHER SEPARATE TAXES. OEHL shall pay (or cause to be paid) to the
appropriate Tax Authorities all Other Separate Taxes of OEHL or any OEHL
Affiliate.
SECTION 4. ALLOCATION OF TAXES; PAYMENT FOR LOSSES
4.1 SCL GROUP FEDERAL INCOME TAX LIABILITY. (a) General. With respect
to each Pre-Deconsolidation Period beginning after December 31, 1998 (including
the Straddle Period) of the affiliated group of which OEHI is the common parent,
the SCL Group's liability for Federal Income Tax for such taxable period shall
be determined on a pro forma SCL Group Consolidated Return prepared:
(i) on a basis consistent with the preparation of the Consolidated
Return for such period (including whether regular Tax or federal alternative
minimum Tax applies with respect to the Consolidated Return), including only Tax
Items of members of the SCL Group which are included in the Consolidated Return
and by allocating Tax Assets to the SCL Group to the extent that the Tax Asset
was created by a member of the SCL Group and such Tax Asset was actually
utilized on the relevant Consolidated Return; and
(ii) applying the highest statutory marginal corporate income Tax rate
in effect for such taxable period (or portion thereof); provided that, in the
event that the federal alternative minimum Tax applies to the Consolidated
Return, the SCL Group's liability shall equal the lesser of (i) the alternative
minimum Tax liability with respect to the Consolidated Return that would result
by including only Tax Items and Tax Assets of members of the SCL Group included
in the Consolidated Return or (ii) the aggregate Tax liability payable with
respect to such Consolidated Return.
9
<PAGE>
(b) USE OF NET LOSSES. (i) If the SCL Group's liability for Federal
Income Taxes under Section 4.1(a) is zero, then OEHL shall pay to SCL the tax
benefit, if any, to the OEHL Group resulting from the inclusion of the SCL Group
in the Consolidated Return, calculated as the excess of (A) the amount of
Federal Income Tax that would have been payable, on a pro-forma basis, excluding
the Tax Items and Tax Assets of members of the SCL Group included pursuant to
Section 4.1(a), over (B) the actual Federal Income Tax shown on such Return.
(ii) If one or more members of the SCL Group generates a Tax Asset in a
Post-Deconsolidation Period, which Tax Asset may be carried back to a
Consolidated Return, then SCL may request that OEHL file an amended return on
which such Tax Asset is carried back, in which case OEHL shall pay to SCL the
tax benefit, if any, to the OEHL Group resulting from such carryback, similarly
calculated (and reflecting the absorption of such Tax Asset under applicable
Treasury Regulations).
4.2 OEHL GROUP COMBINED TAX LIABILITY. (a) GENERAL. With respect to any
Pre-Deconsolidation Period beginning after December 31, 1998, the OEHL Group's
liability for Combined Tax shall be the sum for such taxable period of the OEHL
Group's liability for each Combined Tax, as determined on pro forma OEHL Group
Combined Returns, prepared consistently with the principles and procedures of
Section 4.1(a).
(b) USE OF NET LOSSES. If the SCL Group's liability for Federal Income
Taxes under Section 4.1(a) is zero, then OEHL shall pay to SCL the tax benefit,
if any, to the OEHL Group resulting from the inclusion of the SCL Group in the
Combined Return, calculated consistently with the principles and procedures of
Section 4.1(b).
(c) GROUP RELIEF. (i) In the case of Tax Returns described in clause
(ii) of the definition of "Combined Return," where current period or brought
forward losses or excess charges of one entity can be surrendered to or utilised
by another entity, representatives of SCL and OEHL shall agree before any tax
filings are made, what losses or charges are to be surrendered between entities
and shall prepare the necessary elections or filings for this surrender,
utilisation or loss claim. To facilitate this agreement, the representatives of
each group shall advise the other group representative the extent of the losses
or charges that are potentially available for surrender to the other group or
the extent of the losses or charges that the group wishes to claim from the
other group. In all cases, howsoever the parties subsequently may amend their
tax returns or computations, when the parties initially advise each other of the
quantity of losses or excess charges that could be surrendered or the losses or
charges which could be claimed, each entity within each group will include in
its computation of taxable income or loss all available allowances, deductions
or charges that it is legally allowed to make. If the representatives of SCL and
OEHL are unable to agree what losses or charges shall be surrendered between
entities, either party wishing to claim the losses or charges from another
entity must put the request in writing. The group receiving this request must
respond to it within 5 days of the request being made, unless this deadline is
extended by the agreement of both of the groups.
(ii) Where either SCL or OEHL claims losses or excess charges from the
other group, it shall pay the other group compensation for the use of the losses
or charges equal to the amount of the additional tax liability that would have
arisen had the losses not been surrendered. This
10
<PAGE>
payment shall be made within five (5) days of the claimant entity submitting the
tax return or other filing that includes the claim for losses from the other
entity.
(iii) In computing these amounts, each entity within each group will
include in its computation of taxable income or loss all available allowances,
deductions or charges that it is legally allowed to make. In addition, each
group must use any brought forward or current period losses or excess charges
available in any of its companies against the taxable income of the other
companies in the same group before any of these losses or charges can be offered
to the other group or before losses or charges are claimed from the other group.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, it may be possible that one group wishes to claim
losses or excess charges from the other group even though the claim would not be
required if the claimant group included in its computation of taxable income or
loss all available allowances, deductions or charges that it is legally allowed
to make. In this case, the claimant group shall pay the other group compensation
for the use of the losses or charges equal to the amount of the additional tax
liability that would have arisen had the losses not been surrendered. This
payment shall be made within five (5) days of the claimant entity submitting the
tax return or other filing that includes the claim for losses from the other
entity.
(iv) A group may refuse to surrender brought forward or current year
losses or excess charges in any given period; provided, however if it does so,
the refusing group shall pay to the other group compensation equal to the amount
of additional tax that results from the refusal to surrender the losses or
charges. The amount of additional tax is calculated as the tax liability of the
claimant company less the payment that would have occurred had the losses or
charges claimed by the claimant been surrendered.
(v) Notwithstanding the foregoing, a group with brought forward or
current year losses or excess charges may not force the other group to claim
these losses or charges if the other group does not wish to do so.
(vi) SCL and OEHL recognise that either group may submit amended tax
returns for periods covered by this agreement, which could affect the losses
claimed by or surrendered to the other group, including (without limitation) the
carryback of losses from a Post-Deconsolidation Period to a Pre-Deconsolidation
Period of a company that initially claimed losses of another company for such
Pre-Deconsolidation Period. If an amended tax return is submitted, the filing
group must advise the other group in writing of this, and must state, to the
best of its knowledge, the impact it expects the amended filing will have either
on the losses claimed by or surrendered to the other group, or any other
anticipated impact on the other group's tax filings for the period covered by
the amended return or for subsequent periods. Once the amended return is
determined, the refiling group shall advise the other group of the determination
and the revised final tax position of the entity that has submitted the amended
return. To the extent that any refiling increases the tax liability of the other
group, the refiling group shall pay any interest levied by the tax authorities
in the country concerned in respect of this additional liability. The principal
liability is for the sole account of the other group (ie is not for the account
of the refiling group), as if the amended return had been filed originally. To
the extent that any refiling reduces the losses claimed by the refiling group
from the other group, or that can be claimed by the other group from the
refiling group, the surrendering group shall repay, without interest, any
compensation it has previously received for the initial surrender of losses or
excess charges that
11
<PAGE>
are not now available as a result of the refiling. To the extent that any
refiling increases the losses claimed by the refiling group from the other
group, or increases the losses that are claimed from the refiling group, the
claimant group shall pay the other group compensation for the use of the losses
or charges equal to the amount of the additional tax liability that it has saved
by the use of the losses or excess charges. To the extent that claiming the
additional losses or charges increases the surrendering company's liability in
any subsequent period for which tax filings or payments on account have already
been made, the claimant company shall pay any interest levied by the Tax
Authorities concerned in respect of this additional liability.
4.3 COOPERATION. (a) SCL and OEHL shall prepare jointly any pro forma
Tax Returns and calculations required under Section 4.1 or 4.2. SCL and OEHL
agree to cooperate in good faith in connection with the preparation of such pro
forma tax returns and calculations and agree to make reasonably available any
documents, information or employees in connection therewith.
(b) The pro forma Tax Returns and calculations shall be completed no
later than ten business days before the date on which the related Consolidated
Return or Combined Return, as the case may be, is required to be filed with the
appropriate Tax Authority. Any disputes relating to the reporting of any Tax
Item on the pro forma Tax Returns that have not been resolved within sixty (60)
business days after such Tax Return is filed shall be referred to the
Independent Firm, in accordance with the principles and procedures set forth in
Section 8 of this Agreement.
4.4 TAX SHARING INSTALLMENT PAYMENTS. (a) CONSOLIDATED FEDERAL INCOME
TAXES. Not later than two (2) business days prior to each Estimated Tax
Installment Date with respect to any Pre-Deconsolidation Period, the parties
shall determine, under the principles of Section 6655 of the Code the estimated
amount of the related installment of the SCL Group Federal Income Tax liability
under Section 4.1. SCL shall pay to OEHL no later than five (5) business days
after such Estimated Tax Installment Date the amount thus determined. The
parties acknowledge and agree that, for purposes of this Section 4.4(a), SCL has
not paid anything to OEHL as of the date hereof, with respect to the taxable
period beginning January 1, 1999, or the taxable period beginning January 1,
2000.
(b) COMBINED TAXES. SCL shall, in connection with any Estimated Tax
Installment payment (payable with respect to any Combined Return filed by SCL)
with respect to Combined Taxes for any Pre-Deconsolidation Period, determine the
estimated amount of the related installment of the OEHL Group Combined Tax
liability under Section 4.3. Within the first ten (10) business days of any
month, SCL may provide OEHL with a written statement setting forth amounts owed
by OEHL in connection with any installment payments with respect to other
Combined Taxes made by SCL for the immediately preceding month and any other
month for which a statement has not previously been provided by SCL. OEHL shall
pay the amounts set forth on any statement within seven (7) business days
following the receipt of such statement. The parties acknowledge and agree that,
for purposes of this Section 4.4(b), OEHL has not paid anything to SCL as of the
date hereof, with respect to the taxable period beginning January 1, 1999, or
the taxable period beginning January 1, 2000.
12
<PAGE>
4.5 TAX SHARING TRUE-UP PAYMENTS. (a) FEDERAL INCOME TAXES. Not later
than fifteen (15) business days following the completion of any pro forma SCL
Group Consolidated Return pursuant to Section 4.1, SCL shall pay to OEHL, or
OEHL shall pay to SCL, as appropriate, an amount equal to the difference, if
any, between the SCL Group Federal Income Tax liability for the
Pre-Deconsolidation Period and the aggregate amount paid by SCL with respect to
such period under Section 4.4(a) of this Agreement.
(b) COMBINED TAXES. Not later than fifteen (15) business days following
the completion of any pro forma OEHL Group Combined Return pursuant to Section
4.2, OEHL shall pay to SCL, or SCL shall pay to OEHL, as appropriate, an amount
equal to the difference, if any, between the OEHL Group Combined Tax liability
for the Pre-Deconsolidation Period and the amounts paid by OEHL with respect to
such period under Section 4.4(b) of this Agreement.
4.6 REDETERMINATION AMOUNTS. (a) PRE-DECONSOLIDATION PERIODS BEGINNING
AFTER DECEMBER 31, 1998. For any Pre-Deconsolidation Period beginning after
December 31, 1998, in the event of a redetermination of any Tax Item of any
member of a Consolidated Group or Combined Group as a result of a Final
Determination, the filing of a Tax refund claim or the filing of an amended Tax
Return pursuant to which Taxes are paid to a Tax Authority or a refund of Taxes
is received from a Tax Authority, OEHL and SCL shall prepare jointly, in
accordance with the principles and procedures set forth in this Section 4,
revised pro forma SCL Group Consolidated Returns and/or revised pro forma OEHL
Group Combined Returns, or other calculations, as appropriate, to reflect the
redetermination of such Tax Item as a result of such Final Determination, filing
of a Tax refund claim or filing of an amended Tax Return. Following the
preparation of such revised pro forma tax returns, SCL's and OEHL's payment
obligations under this Section 4 shall be redetermined.
(b) PRE-DECONSOLIDATION PERIODS BEGINNING ON OR BEFORE DECEMBER 31,
1998. For any Pre-Deconsolidation Period beginning on or before December 31,
1998, in the event of a redetermination of any Tax Item of any member of a
Consolidated Group or Combined Group as a result of a Final Determination, the
filing of a Tax refund claim or the filing of an amended Tax Return pursuant to
which Taxes are paid to a Tax Authority or a refund of Taxes is received from a
Tax Authority, OEHL and SCL shall prepare jointly, in accordance with the
principles and procedures set forth in this Section 4, pro forma SCL Group
Consolidated Returns and pro forma OEHL Group Combined Returns, or other
calculations, as appropriate, both without regard to the redetermined Tax Item
and with regard to the redetermined Tax Item. SCL shall pay to OEHL, or OEHL
shall pay to SCL, as appropriate, the amount of the difference in such pro forma
Tax liabilities.
4.7 PAYMENT OF TAXES FOR POST-DECONSOLIDATION PERIODS. Except as
otherwise provided in this Agreement, OEHL shall pay or cause to be paid all
Taxes and shall be entitled to receive and retain all refunds of Taxes with
respect to Tax Returns relating to Post-Deconsolidation Periods for which OEHL
has filing responsibility, including under this Agreement. Except as otherwise
provided in this Agreement, SCL shall pay or cause to be paid all Taxes and
shall be entitled to receive and retain all refunds of Taxes with respect to Tax
Returns relating to Post- Deconsolidation Periods for which SCL has filing
responsibility, including under this Agreement.
13
<PAGE>
SECTION 5. TAX ATTRIBUTES
5.1 ALLOCATION OF TAX ITEMS. All Tax computations for (i) any
Pre-Deconsolidation Period ending on a Deconsolidation Date, (ii) the
immediately following taxable period of SCL or any SCL Affiliate and (iii) any
Straddle Period, shall be made pursuant to the principles of Section
1.1502-76(b) of the Treasury Regulations or of a corresponding provision under
the laws of other jurisdictions and, to the extent possible, in a manner
consistent with the principles set forth in Section 4.1(a) of this Agreement.
5.2 POST DECONSOLIDATION. To the extent permitted by applicable law,
following any Deconsolidation, the relevant Tax Assets with respect to the
Consolidated Group or Combined Group, as the case may be, shall be allocated to
the corporation or entity that created or generated the Tax Asset.
SECTION 6. ADDITIONAL OBLIGATIONS
6.1 PROVISION OF INFORMATION AND MUTUAL COOPERATION. (a) SCL and OEHL
shall, and shall cause their respective affiliates to, (1) furnish to the other
in a timely manner such information, documents and other materials as the other
may reasonably request for purposes of (i) preparing any Tax Return (or pro
forma Tax return prepared in accordance with Section 4 hereof) or portion
thereof for which the other has responsibility for preparing under this
Agreement, (ii) contesting or defending any Audit, and (iii) making any
determination or computation necessary or appropriate under this Agreement, (2)
make its employees available to the other to provide explanations of documents
and materials and such other information as the other may reasonably request in
connection with any of the matters described in subclauses (i), (ii) and (iii)
of clause (1) above, and (3) reasonably cooperate in connection with any Audit.
(b) SCL and OEHL shall, and shall cause their respective affiliates to,
retain and provide on reasonable demand books, records, documentation or other
information relating to any Tax Return or Audit, with respect to any taxable
period in which SCL owns, directly or indirectly, 50% or more (by vote or value)
of the outstanding stock of OEHL, until the later of (i) the expiration of the
applicable statute of limitations (after giving effect to any extension, waiver,
or mitigation thereof) and (ii) in the event any claim is made under this
Agreement or by any Tax Authority for which such information is relevant, until
a Final Determination is reached with respect to such claim. Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary included in this Agreement, the parties will comply in
all respects with the requirements of any applicable record retention agreement
with the Service or other Tax Authority.
(c) No member of the SCL Group shall be required to provide OEHL or any
OEHL Affiliate access to or copies of (1) any Tax information that relates
exclusively to any member of the SCL Group, (2) any Tax information as to which
any member of the SCL Group is entitled to assert the protection of any
Privilege, or (3) any Tax information as to which any member of the SCL Group is
subject to an obligation to maintain the confidentiality of such information.
SCL
14
<PAGE>
shall use reasonable efforts to separate any such information from any other
information to which OEHL is entitled to access or to which OEHL is entitled to
copy under this Agreement, to the extent consistent with preserving its rights
under this Section 6.1(c).
(d) No member of the OEHL Group shall be required to provide SCL or any
SCL Affiliate access to or copies of any Tax information that reflects
exclusively any member of the OEHL Group, (2) any Tax information as to which
any member of the OEHL Group is entitled to assert the protection of any
Privilege or (3) any Tax information as to which any member of the OEHL Group is
subject to an obligation to maintain the confidentiality of such information.
OEHL shall use reasonable efforts to separate any such information from any
other information to which SCL is entitled to access or to which SCL is entitled
to copy under this Agreement, to the extent consistent with preserving its
rights under this Section 6.1(d).
6.2 INDEMNIFICATION. (a) FAILURE TO PAY. SCL and each SCL Affiliate
shall jointly and severally indemnify OEHL, each OEHL Affiliate and their
respective directors, officers and employees, and hold them harmless from and
against any Tax or Loss that is attributable to, or results from the failure of
SCL or any SCL Affiliate to make any payment required to be made under this
Agreement. OEHL and each OEHL Affiliate shall jointly and severally indemnify
SCL, each SCL Affiliate and their respective directors, officers and employees,
and hold them harmless from and against any Tax or Loss that is attributable to,
or results from, the failure of OEHL or any OEHL Affiliate to make any payment
required to be made under this Agreement.
(b) INACCURATE OR INCOMPLETE INFORMATION. SCL and each SCL Affiliate
shall jointly and severally indemnify OEHL, each OEHL Affiliate and their
respective directors, officers and employees, and hold them harmless from and
against any Tax or Loss attributable to the negligence of SCL or any SCL
Affiliate in supplying OEHL or any OEHL Affiliate with inaccurate or incomplete
information, in connection with the preparation of any Tax Return or any Audit.
OEHL and each OEHL Affiliate shall jointly and severally indemnify SCL, each SCL
Affiliate and their respective directors, officers and employees, and hold them
harmless from and against any Tax or Loss attributable to the negligence of OEHL
or any OEHL Affiliate in supplying SCL or any SCL Affiliate with inaccurate or
incomplete information, in connection with the preparation of any Tax Return or
any Audit.
6.3 TAX CONSEQUENCES OF PAYMENTS (a) TAX CHARACTERIZATION OF PAYMENTS.
For all Tax purposes and notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement,
to the extent permitted by applicable law, the parties hereto shall treat the
principal amount of any payment made pursuant to this Agreement as a
non-taxable, non-deductible capital contribution or dividend distribution, as
the case may be, immediately prior to the Closing Date. If, however, it is
determined that the receipt or accrual of any payment made under this Agreement
is taxable to the Indemnitee (as defined in Section 6.3(b) of this Agreement),
the Indemnitor (as defined in Section 6.3(b) of this Agreement) shall pay to the
Indemnitee an amount equal to any increase in the Income Taxes of the Indemnitee
as a result of receiving the payment from the Indemnitor (grossed up to take
into account such payment, if applicable).
15
<PAGE>
(b) ADJUSTMENTS TO PAYMENTS. Any party that has received a payment
("Indemnitee") under this Agreement from another party ("Indemnitor") with
respect to any Losses or Taxes suffered or incurred by the Indemnitee
("Indemnified Loss") shall pay to such Indemnitor an amount equal to any "Tax
Saving Amount" realized by the Indemnitee promptly upon its receipt. For
purposes of this Section 6.3(b), the Tax Saving Amount shall equal the amount by
which the Income Taxes of the Indemnitee or any of its affiliates are reduced
(including, without limitation, through the receipt of a refund, credit or
otherwise), plus any related interest received from a Tax Authority, as a result
of claiming as a deduction or offset on any relevant Tax Return amounts
attributable to an Indemnified Loss (the "Indemnifiable Loss Deduction").
(c) REPORTING OF INDEMNIFIABLE LOSS. In the event that an Indemnitee
incurs an Indemnified Loss, such Indemnitee shall claim as a deduction or offset
on any relevant Tax Return (including, without limitation, any claim for refund)
such Indemnified Loss to the extent such position is supported by "substantial
authority" (within the meaning of Section 1.6662-4(d) of the Treasury
Regulations) with respect to United States federal, state and local Tax Returns
or has similar appropriate authoritative support with respect to any Tax Return
other than United States federal, state and local Tax Returns. The Indemnitee
shall have primary responsibility for the preparation of its Tax Returns and
reporting thereon such Indemnifiable Loss Deduction; provided, that the
Indemnitee shall consult with, and provide the Indemnitor with a reasonable
opportunity to review and comment on the portion of the Indemnitee's Tax Return
relating to the Indemnified Loss. If a dispute arises between the Indemnitee and
the Indemnitor as to whether there is "substantial authority" (with respect to
United States federal, state and local Tax Returns) or similar appropriate
authoritative support (with respect to any Tax Return other than United States
federal, state and local Tax Returns) for the claiming of an Indemnifiable Loss
Deduction, such dispute shall be resolved in accordance with the principles and
procedures set forth in Section 8 of this Agreement. Both OEHL and SCL shall act
in good faith to coordinate their Tax Return filing positions with respect to
the taxable periods that include an Indemnifiable Loss Deduction. There shall be
an adjustment to any Tax Saving Amount calculated under Section 6.3(b) hereof in
the event of an Audit which results in a Final Determination that increases or
decreases the amount of the Indemnifiable Loss Deduction reported on any
relevant Tax Return of the Indemnitee. The Indemnitee shall promptly inform the
Indemnifying Party of any such Audit and shall attempt in good faith to sustain
the Indemnifiable Loss Deduction at issue in the Audit. Upon receiving a written
notice of a Final Determination in respect of an Indemnifiable Loss Deduction,
the Indemnitee shall redetermine the Tax Saving Amount attributable to the
Indemnifiable Loss Deduction under Section 6.3(b) hereof, taking into account
the Final Determination (the "Restated Tax Saving Amount"). If the Restated Tax
Saving Amount is greater than the Tax Saving Amount, the Indemnitee shall
promptly pay the Indemnitor an amount equal to the difference between such
amounts. If the Restated Tax Saving Amount is less than the Tax Saving Amount,
then the Indemnitor shall promptly pay the Indemnitee an amount equal to the
difference between such amounts.
6.4 INTEREST. Payments pursuant to this Agreement that are not made
within the period prescribed in this Agreement or, if no period is prescribed,
within fifteen (15) business days after demand for payment is made (the "Payment
Period") shall bear interest for the period from and including the date
immediately following the last date of the Payment Period through
16
<PAGE>
and including the date of payment (the "Interest Accrual Period") at a per annum
rate equivalent to the rate charged by the relevant Tax Authority. Such interest
will be payable at the same time as the payment to which it relates and shall be
calculated on the basis of a year of 365 days and the actual number of days for
which due.
SECTION 7. AUDITS
7.1 IN GENERAL. (a) CONSOLIDATED TAX RETURNS. (i) Subject to Section
7.1(a)(ii) of this Agreement, OEHL shall have the exclusive right, in its sole
discretion, to control, contest, and represent the interests of SCL, any SCL
Affiliate, OEHL or any OEHL Affiliate in any Audit relating to any Tax Return
described in Section 2.1(a)(i) of this Agreement and to resolve, settle or agree
to any deficiency, claim or adjustment proposed, asserted or assessed in
connection with or as a result of any such Audit. OEHL's rights shall extend to
any matter pertaining to the management and control of an Audit, including,
without limitation, execution of waivers, choice of forum, scheduling of
conferences and the resolution of any Tax Item.
(ii) SCL shall have the right to control, contest and represent the
interests of SCL or any SCL Affiliate in any Audit relating directly to any Tax
Item included on the portion of any Consolidated Return which SCL is responsible
for preparing pursuant to Section 2.1(a)(ii) of this Agreement and to resolve,
settle or agree to any deficiency, claim or adjustment proposed, asserted or
assessed in connection with or as a result of such Audit; provided that, the
entering into of any such resolution, settlement or agreement or any decision in
connection with (including the entering into of) any judicial or administrative
proceeding relating to Taxes shall be subject to the review and approval of
OEHL, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld.
(b) COMBINED RETURNS. (i) Subject to Section 7.1(b)(ii) of this
Agreement, SCL shall have the exclusive right, in its sole discretion, to
control, contest, and represent the interests of SCL, any SCL Affiliate, OEHL or
any OEHL Affiliate in any Audit relating to any Tax Return which it has the
responsibility for filing under Section 2.1(b)(i) of this Agreement and to
resolve, settle or agree to any deficiency, claim or adjustment proposed,
asserted or assessed in connection with or as a result of any such Audit. SCL's
rights shall extend to any matter pertaining to the management and control of an
Audit, including, without limitation, execution of waivers, choice of forum,
scheduling of conferences and the resolution of any Tax Item.
(ii) OEHL shall have the right to control, contest and represent the
interests of OEHL or any OEHL Affiliate in any Audit relating directly to (A)
any Combined Return for which OEHL is responsible pursuant to Section
2.1(b)(ii)(A), and (B) any Tax Item included on the portion of any Combined
Return which OEHL is responsible for preparing pursuant to Section 2.1(b)(ii)(B)
of this Agreement and to resolve, settle or agree to any deficiency, claim or
adjustment proposed, asserted or assessed in connection with or as a result of
such Audit; provided that, the entering into of any such resolution, settlement
or agreement or any decision in connection with (including the entering into of)
any judicial or administrative proceeding relating to Taxes shall
17
<PAGE>
be subject to the review and approval of SCL, which approval shall not be
unreasonably withheld.
(c) OTHER TAX RETURNS. OEHL shall have the exclusive right, in its sole
discretion, to control, contest, and represent the interests of OEHL or any OEHL
Affiliate in any Audit relating to any Tax Return described in Section 2.1(c) of
this Agreement and to resolve, settle, or agree to any deficiency, claim or
adjustment proposed, asserted or assessed in connection with or as a result of
any such Audit; provided that, so long as SCL owns fifty percent (50%) or more
of the outstanding shares (by vote or value) of OEHL, the entering into of any
such resolution, settlement or agreement or any decision in connection with
(including the entering into of) any judicial or administrative proceeding
relating to Taxes shall be subject to SCL's review and approval, which approval
shall not be unreasonably withheld.
7.2 NOTICE. If SCL or any member of the SCL Group receives written
notice of, or relating to, an Audit from a Tax Authority that asserts, proposes
or recommends a deficiency, claim or adjustment that, if sustained, would result
in the redetermination of a Tax Item of a member of the OEHL Group, SCL shall
promptly provide a copy of such notice to OEHL (but in no event later than ten
(10) business days following the receipt of such notice). If OEHL or any member
of the OEHL Group receives written notice of, or relating to, an Audit from a
Tax Authority that assets, proposes or recommends a deficiency, claim or
adjustment that if sustained, would result in the redetermination of a Tax Item
of a member of the SCL Group, OEHL shall promptly provide a copy of such notice
to SCL (but in no event later than ten (10) business days following the receipt
of such notice).
7.3 FAILURE TO NOTIFY. The failure of SCL or OEHL to notify the other
of any matter relating to a particular Tax for a taxable period or to take any
action specified in this Agreement shall not relieve such other party of any
liability and/or obligation which it may have under this Agreement with respect
to such Tax for such taxable period except to the extent that such other party's
rights hereunder are materially prejudiced by such failure.
SECTION 8. DISPUTE RESOLUTION. In the event that SCL, on the one hand, and OEHL,
on the other hand, disagree as to the amount or calculation of any payment to be
made under this Agreement, or the interpretation or application of any provision
under this Agreement, the parties shall attempt in good faith to resolve such
dispute. If such dispute is not resolved within sixty (60) business days
following the commencement of the dispute, SCL and OEHL shall jointly retain a
tax attorney that is a member of a nationally recognized law firm or "big five"
accounting firm, which firm is independent of both parties (the "Independent
Firm"), to resolve the dispute. The Independent Firm shall act as an arbitrator
to resolve all points of disagreement and its decision shall be final and
binding upon all parties involved. Following the decision of the Independent
Firm, SCL and OEHL shall each take or cause to be taken any action necessary to
implement the decision of the Independent Firm. The fees and expenses relating
to the Independent Firm shall be borne equally by SCL and OEHL.
18
<PAGE>
SECTION 9. RESTRUCTURING
9.1 RESTRUCTURING TAXES. (a) LIABILITY FOR RESTRUCTURING TAXES AND
DECONSOLIDATION TAXES. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement
(other than Section 9.1(b) hereof), SCL shall be responsible for the payment of,
and shall indemnify and hold OEHL harmless from and against, any Restructuring
Taxes and any Deconsolidation Taxes.
(b) LIABILITY FOR UNDERTAKING CERTAIN ACTIONS. Notwithstanding Section
9.1(a) of this Agreement, OEHL and each OEHL Affiliate shall be jointly and
severally responsible for, and shall indemnify and hold SCL harmless from and
against, any Restructuring Taxes that are attributable to, or result from, (i)
any action taken by OEHL or any OEHL Affiliate that was not contemplated by the
parties in connection with the IPO and the Restructuring Agreement or (ii) the
failure by OEHL or any OEHL Affiliate to take any action that OEHL is
responsible for taking under this Agreement, the Restructuring Agreement or any
other agreement related to the IPO. Each of the parties hereto agrees to act in
good faith and without negligence in connection with the Tax reporting of and
all other aspects related to the Tax consequences of the Restructuring and any
Deconsolidation and shall be responsible for any Taxes or Losses arising from
any failure to act in good faith or any negligent act or omission with respect
thereto.
9.2 TAX REPORTING OF RESTRUCTURING ITEMS. (a) RESTRUCTURING TAXES. Any
Tax Return (or portion thereof) that includes any Tax Item resulting from the
Restructuring shall be prepared and filed by the party responsible for preparing
and filing such Tax Return (under Section 2 of this Agreement); provided that,
notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, if OEHL is the party
responsible for preparing any such Tax Return (or portion thereof) (each an
"OEHL Restructuring Tax Return"), OEHL shall provide to SCL, no later than
twenty (20) business days following the Closing Date, a written list of those
OEHL IPO Tax Returns that OEHL reasonably believes could result in the
imposition of a Tax liability of more than $10,000 for which SCL will be
responsible pursuant to this Section 9. Within twenty (20) business days
following the receipt of such list, SCL shall provide a written list to OEHL of
those OEHL Restructuring Tax Returns that SCL wishes to review. OEHL shall
provide any such OEHL Restructuring Tax Returns (or portions thereof) to SCL (no
later than forty-five (45) business days (or such shorter period as agreed to by
SCL) prior to the due date for the filing of such Tax Return (taking into
account applicable extensions)), for SCL's review and approval, which approval,
to the extent it relates to any Tax Item resulting from, or arising out of, the
Restructuring may be withheld by SCL in its sole discretion and any such Tax
Item shall be reported as determined by SCL in its sole discretion (so long as
such reporting position is supported by "substantial authority" (within the
meaning of Section 1.6662-4(d) of the Treasury Regulations) with respect to
United States federal, state and local Tax Returns or has similar appropriate
authoritative support with respect to any Tax Return other than United States
federal, state and local Tax Returns). In the event that the time periods
provided in this Section 9.2(a) would not provide SCL with a reasonable period
of time within which to review any such OEHL Restructuring Tax Return prior to
the filing of such Tax Return, then the parties shall cooperate in order that
SCL may participate in the preparation of such Tax Return and have the rights
otherwise provided in this Section 9.2(a).
19
<PAGE>
(b) DECONSOLIDATION TAXES. Any Tax Return (or portion thereof) that
includes any Tax Item relating to any Deconsolidation (to the extent resulting
in Deconsolidation Taxes) shall be prepared and filed by the party responsible
for preparing and filing such Tax Return (under Sections 2 of this Agreement);
provided that, notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, if OEHL is
the party responsible for preparing any such Tax Return (or portion thereof)
(each an "OEHL Deconsolidation Tax Return"), OEHL shall provide any such OEHL
Deconsolidation Tax Return (or portion thereof) to SCL (no later than forty-five
(45) business days (or such shorter period as agreed to by SCL) prior to the due
date for the filing of such Tax Return (taking into account applicable
extensions)), for SCL's review and approval, which approval, to the extent it
relates to any Tax Item relating to any Deconsolidation (to the extent resulting
in Deconsolidation Taxes), may be withheld by SCL in its sole discretion and any
such Tax Item shall be reported as determined by SCL in its sole discretion (so
long as such reporting position is supported by "substantial authority" (within
the meaning of Section 1.6662-4(d) of the Treasury Regulations) with respect to
United States federal, state and local Tax Returns or has similar appropriate
authoritative support with respect to any Tax Return other than United States
federal, state and local Tax Returns).
9.3 AUDITS RELATING TO RESTRUCTURING OR DECONSOLIDATION.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, SCL shall have the
exclusive right, in its sole discretion, to control, contest, and represent the
interests of SCL, any SCL Affiliate, OEHL or any OEHL Affiliate in any Audit
with respect to Tax Items related to the Restructuring or Deconsolidation (to
the extent resulting in Deconsolidation Taxes), and to resolve, settle or agree
to any deficiency, claim or adjustment proposed, asserted or assessed in
connection with or as a result of any such Tax Items. OEHL's rights shall extend
to any matter pertaining to the management and control of an Audit, including
execution of waivers, choice of forum, scheduling of conferences and the
resolution of any Tax Item.
9.4 PROVISION OF INFORMATION AND MUTUAL COOPERATION. In addition to the
parties' respective obligations under Section 6.1 of this Agreement, SCL and
OEHL shall, and shall cause their respective Affiliates to, cooperate with
respect to all aspects of the Restructuring including, without limitation, by
(1) furnishing to the other in a timely manner such information, documents and
other materials as the other may reasonably request for purposes of (i)
preparing any Tax Return that includes Tax Items relating to or arising from the
Restructuring and (ii) contesting or defending any Audit with respect to Tax
Items relating to or arising from the Restructuring and (2) making its employees
available to the other to provide explanations of documents and materials and
such other information as the other may reasonably request in connection with
any of the matters described in subclauses (i) and (ii) of clause (1) above.
9.5 ALLOCATION OF TAX ASSETS. In connection with the Restructuring and
Deconsolidation, Tax Assets shall be allocated among SCL, each SCL Affiliate,
OEHL and each OEHL Affiliate, in accordance with applicable law. The parties
hereby agree that in the absence of controlling legal authority, Tax Assets
shall be allocated to the entity that created or generated the Tax Asset
(regardless of whether such Tax Asset was created or generated in the business
in which such entity is currently engaged).
20
<PAGE>
SECTION 10. SPINOFF
10.1 SPINOFF RELATED ITEMS. (a) RESTRICTIONS ON CERTAIN
POST-DISTRIBUTION ACTIONS. (i) OEHL RESTRICTIONS. OEHL agrees that it will not
take or fail to take, or permit any OEHL Affiliate to take or fail to take, any
action where such action or failure to act would be inconsistent with any
material, information, covenant or representation in the Opinion Documents.
(ii) SCL RESTRICTIONS. SCL agrees that it will not take or fail to
take, or permit any SCL Affiliate to take or fail to take, any action where such
action or failure to act would be inconsistent with any material, information,
covenant or representation in the Opinion Documents.
(b) PARTICIPATION RIGHTS. SCL shall have the right to obtain an Opinion
in its sole and exclusive discretion. If SCL determines to obtain an Opinion,
OEHL shall cooperate with SCL and take any and all actions reasonably requested
by SCL in connection with obtaining an Opinion (including, without limitation,
by making any representation or covenant or providing any materials or
information requested by Deloitte & Touche; provided that, OEHL shall not be
required to make any representation or covenant that is inconsistent with
historical facts or as to future matters or events over which it has no
control). In connection with obtaining an Opinion, (i) SCL shall cooperate with
and keep OEHL informed in a timely manner of all material actions taken or
proposed to be taken by SCL in connection therewith; (ii) SCL shall (A)
reasonably in advance of the submission of any Opinion Documents, provide OEHL
with a draft copy thereof, (B) reasonably consider OEHL's comments on such draft
copy, and (C) provide OEHL with a final copy; and (iii) SCL shall provide SCL
with notice reasonably in advance of, and OEHL shall have the right to attend,
any formally scheduled meetings with Deloitte & Touche (subject to the approval
of Deloitte & Touche) that relate to such Opinion.
(2) CERTAIN OEHL ACTIONS FOLLOWING SPINOFF. OEHL agrees that, during
the three (3) year period following a Spinoff, prior to amending its memorandum
of association and bye-laws (or other organizational documents), whether through
a shareholder vote or otherwise, in a manner that affects the relative voting
rights of the separate classes of OEHL shares (including, without limitation,
through the conversion of one class of OEHL shares into another class of OEHL
shares), unless SCL and OEHL agree otherwise, OEHL shall obtain an opinion
(acceptable to SCL) of nationally recognized tax counsel that such amendment
will not affect the treatment of the Spinoff under Section 355 of the Code. OEHL
agrees that, during the three (3) year period following a Spinoff, prior to
entering into any agreement to (i) sell all or substantially all of the assets
of OEHL or any OEHL Affiliate, (ii) merge OEHL or any OEHL Affiliate with
another entity, without regard to which party is the surviving entity, or (iii)
issue shares of OEHL or any OEHL Affiliate in an acquisition or public or
private offering (excluding any issuance pursuant to the exercise of employee
stock options or other employment related arrangements), unless SCL and OEHL
agree otherwise, OEHL shall obtain an opinion (reasonably acceptable to SCL) of
nationally recognized tax counsel that such transaction will not affect the
treatment of the Spinoff under Section 355 of the Code.
21
<PAGE>
(d) LIABILITY FOR BREACH OF REPRESENTATION. Each of SCL and OEHL hereby
represents that (1) it will read the Opinion Documents prior to the date
submitted, (2) all information contained in such Opinion Documents that concerns
or relates to such party or any affiliate of such party will be true, correct
and complete in all material respects, and (3) except to the extent that such
party shall have notified the other party in writing to the contrary and with
reasonable specificity prior to the Spinoff Date, all such information that
concerns or relates to such party or any affiliate of such party will be true,
correct and complete in all material respects as of the Spinoff Date.
10.2 INFORMATION FOR SHAREHOLDERS. SCL shall provide each shareholder
that receives shares of OEHL pursuant to the Spinoff with the information
necessary for such shareholder to comply with the requirements of Section 355 of
the Code and the Treasury regulations thereunder with respect to statements that
such shareholders must file with their United States federal income Tax Returns
demonstrating the applicability of Section 355 of the Code to the Spinoff.
SECTION 11. MISCELLANEOUS
11.1 EFFECTIVENESS. This Agreement shall become effective upon
execution by both parties hereto.
11.2 NOTICES. All notices, requests, demands and other communications
under this Agreement shall be in writing and, unless otherwise provided herein,
shall be deemed to have been duly given (i) on the date of service if served
personally on the party to whom notice is given, (ii) on the day of transmission
if sent via facsimile transmission to the facsimile number given below;
provided, telephonic confirmation of receipt is obtained promptly after
completion of transmission, (iii) on the business day after delivery to an
overnight courier service or the Express mail service maintained by the United
States Postal Service; provided, receipt of delivery has been confirmed, or (iv)
on the fifth day after mailing; provided, receipt of delivery is confirmed, if
mailed to the party to whom notice is to be given, by first class mail,
registered or certified, postage prepaid, properly addressed and return-receipt
requested, to the party as follows:
(a) If to SCL, or any SCL Affiliate, to:
Sea Containers Services Ltd.
20 Upper Ground
London SE1 9PF
England
Attention: Mr. Daniel J. O'Sullivan and
Edwin S. Hetherington, Esq.
Telecopier: 0207-805-5900
22
<PAGE>
(b) If to OEHL, or any OEHL Affiliate, to:
Orient-Express Hotels Ltd.
c/o Orient-Express Services Ltd.
20 Upper Ground
London SE1 9PF
England
Attention: Mr. Simon M.C. Sherwood and
Edwin S. Hetherington, Esq.
Telecopier: 0207-805-5908
(c) with a copy in either case to:
Carter, Ledyard & Milburn
2 Wall Street
New York, New York 10005
Attention: Robert M. Riggs, Esq.
Telecopier: 212-732-3232
Any party may change its address or fax number by giving the other party written
notice of its new address or fax number in the manner set forth above.
11.3 CHANGES IN LAW. Any reference to a provision of the Code or a law
of another jurisdiction shall include a reference to any applicable successor
provision or law.
11.4 SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS. This Agreement and all of the provisions
hereof shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their
respective successors and permitted assigns, but neither this Agreement nor any
of the rights, interests or obligations hereunder shall be assigned by either
party without the prior written consent of the other party.
11.5 AUTHORIZATION, ETC. Each of the parties hereto hereby represents
and warrants that it has the power and authority to execute, deliver and perform
this Agreement, that this Agreement has been duly authorized by all necessary
corporate action on the part of such party, that this Agreement constitutes a
legal, valid and binding obligation of each such party and that the execution,
delivery and performance of this Agreement by such party does not contravene or
conflict with any provision of law or of its memorandum of association or
bye-laws or any agreement, instrument or order binding on such party.
11.6 COMPLETE AGREEMENT. This Agreement shall constitute the entire
agreement between SCL or any SCL Affiliate and OEHL or any OEHL Affiliate with
respect to the subject matter hereof and shall supersede all previous
negotiations, commitments and writings with respect to such subject matter.
Unless the context indicates otherwise, any reference to OEHL in this Agreement
shall refer to OEHL and the OEHL Affiliates and any reference to SCL in this
Agreement shall refer to SCL and the SCL Affiliates. Notwithstanding anything to
the contrary herein, nothing in this Agreement shall modify the rights and
obligations of the parties as set forth in Section 5.6(b) of the Restructuring
Agreement.
23
<PAGE>
11.7 INTERPRETATION. The Section headings contained in this Agreement
are solely for the purpose of reference, are not part of the agreement of the
parties and shall not in any way affect the meaning or interpretation of this
Agreement. Whenever any words are used herein in the masculine gender, they
shall be construed as though they were also used in the feminine gender in all
cases where they would so apply.
11.8 COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in two or more
counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which
together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
11.9 LEGAL ENFORCEABILITY. Any provision of this Agreement which is
prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction,
be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without
invalidating the remaining provisions hereof. Any such prohibition or
unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render
unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction.
11.10 NO THIRD PARTY BENEFICIARIES. This Agreement is solely for the
benefit of SCL, the SCL Affiliates, OEHL and the OEHL Affiliates, and is not
intended to confer upon any other person any rights or remedies hereunder.
11.11 CHOICE OF LAW; JURISDICTION AND FORUM. (a) This Agreement shall
be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal substantive laws of
the Islands of Bermuda.
(b) If any party shall have the right to seek recourse to a court with
respect to any dispute arising out of or related to this Agreement or the
transactions contained in or contemplated by this Agreement, whether in tort or
contract or at law or in equity, then any action or proceeding in respect of any
such dispute shall be brought exclusively in the Courts of the Islands of
Bermuda.
11.12 AMENDMENT AND MODIFICATION. This Agreement may be amended,
modified or supplemented only by written agreement of the parties.
* * * * *
[The rest of this page is intentionally left blank]
24
<PAGE>
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties hereto has caused this
Agreement to be executed by a duly authorized officer as of the date first above
written.
SEA CONTAINERS LTD.
on behalf of itself and its affiliates
By
-----------------------------------
Name:
Title:
ORIENT-EXPRESS HOTELS LTD.
on behalf of itself and its affiliates
By
-----------------------------------
Name:
Title:
25
