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EXHIBIT 3(ii).2
BYLAWS
OF
ALLIANCE FIBER OPTIC PRODUCTS (DELAWARE), INC.
A DELAWARE CORPORATION
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ARTICLE I OFFICES ...................................................................1
Section 1.1 Principal Executive Office.............................................1
Section 1.2 Other Offices..........................................................1
ARTICLE II MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS..........................................................1
Section 2.1 Place of Meetings......................................................1
Section 2.2 Annual Meeting.........................................................1
Section 2.3 Notice of Annual Meeting...............................................2
Section 2.4 Special Meetings.......................................................2
Section 2.5 Notice of Special Meetings.............................................3
Section 2.6 Quorum.................................................................3
Section 2.7 Adjourned Meeting and Notice...........................................3
Section 2.8 Record Date............................................................3
Section 2.9 Voting.................................................................4
Section 2.10 Proxies................................................................5
Section 2.11 Validation of Defectively Called or Noticed Meetings...................5
Section 2.12 Action Without Meeting.................................................6
Section 2.13 Inspectors of Election.................................................7
ARTICLE III BOARD OF DIRECTORS...............................................................7
Section 3.1 Powers, Approval of Loans to Officers..................................7
Section 3.2 Number and Qualification of Directors..................................8
Section 3.3 Election and Term of Office............................................8
Section 3.4 Vacancies..............................................................8
Section 3.5 Time and Place of Meetings.............................................9
Section 3.6 Notice of Special Meetings............................................10
Section 3.7 Action at a Meeting: Quorum and Required Vote.........................10
Section 3.8 Action Without a Meeting..............................................10
Section 3.9 Adjourned Meeting and Notice..........................................10
Section 3.10 Fees and Compensation.................................................11
Section 3.11 Appointment of Executive and Other Committees.........................11
ARTICLE IV OFFICERS.........................................................................12
Section 4.1 Officers..............................................................12
Section 4.2 The Chairman of the Board.............................................12
Section 4.3 The President.........................................................13
Section 4.4 Vice-Presidents.......................................................13
Section 4.5 The Secretary.........................................................13
Section 4.6 The Treasurer.........................................................14
Section 4.7 The Controller........................................................14
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ARTICLE V EXECUTION OF CORPORATE INSTRUMENTS, RATIFICATION, AND VOTING OF
STOCKS OWNED BY THE CORPORATION.......................................14
Section 5.1 Execution of Corporate Instruments....................................14
Section 5.2 Ratification by Stockholders..........................................15
Section 5.3 Voting of Stocks Owned by the Corporation.............................15
ARTICLE VI SHARES OF STOCK.......................................................15
ARTICLE VII INSPECTION OF CORPORATE RECORDS.......................................16
Section 7.1 General Records.......................................................16
Section 7.2 Inspection of Bylaws..................................................16
Section 7.3 Annual Report to Stockholders; Waiver.................................16
Section 7.4 Financial Statements..................................................17
ARTICLE VIII INDEMNIFICATION OF OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS..........18
Section 8.1 Right to Indemnification..............................................18
Section 8.2 Authority to Advance Expenses.........................................18
Section 8.3 Right of Claimant to Bring Suit.......................................18
Section 8.4 Provisions Nonexclusive...............................................19
Section 8.5 Authority to Insure...................................................19
Section 8.6 Survival of Rights....................................................19
Section 8.7 Settlement of Claims..................................................19
Section 8.8 Effect of Amendment...................................................20
Section 8.9 Subrogation...........................................................20
Section 8.10 No Duplication of Payments............................................20
ARTICLE IX AMENDMENTS............................................................20
Section 9.1 Power of Stockholders.................................................20
Section 9.2 Power of Directors....................................................20
ARTICLE X DEFINITIONS...........................................................21
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BYLAWS
OF
ALLIANCE FIBER OPTIC PRODUCTS (DELAWARE), INC.
A DELAWARE CORPORATION
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ARTICLE I
OFFICES
SECTION 1.1 PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICE.
The Board of Directors shall fix the location of the principal
executive office of the corporation at any place within or outside the State of
Delaware.
SECTION 1.2 OTHER OFFICES.
Other business offices may at any time be established at any
place or places specified by the Board of Directors.
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
SECTION 2.1 PLACE OF MEETINGS.
All meetings of stockholders shall be held at the principal
executive office of the corporation, or at any other place, within or without
the State of Delaware, specified by the Board of Directors.
SECTION 2.2 ANNUAL MEETING.
The annual meeting of the stockholders shall be held at the time
and date in each year fixed by the Board of Directors. In the absence of such
designation, the annual meeting of stock holders shall be held on the third
Wednesday in April in each year at 6:00 p.m. However, if such day falls on a
legal holiday, then the meeting shall be held at the same time and place on the
next succeeding full business day. At the annual meeting directors shall be
elected, reports of the affairs of the corporation shall be considered, and any
other business may be transacted that is within the power of the stockholders.
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SECTION 2.3 NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING.
Written notice of each annual meeting shall be given to each
stockholder entitled to vote, either personally or by first-class mail, or by
other means of written communication, charges prepaid, addressed to such
stockholder at the stockholder's address appearing on the books of the
corporation or given by such stockholder to the corporation for the purpose of
notice. If any notice or report addressed to the stockholder at the address of
such stockholder appearing on the books of the corporation is returned to the
corporation by the United States Postal Service marked to indicate that the
United States Postal Service is unable to deliver the notice or report to the
stockholder at such address, all future notices or reports shall be deemed to
have been duly given without further mailing if the same shall be available for
the stockholder upon written demand of the stockholder at the principal
executive office of the corporation for a period of one year from the date of
the giving of the notice or report to all other stockholders. If a stockholder
gives no address, notice shall be deemed to have been given to such stockholder
if addressed to the stockholder at the place where the principal executive
office of the corporation is situated, or if published at least once in some
newspaper of general circulation in the county in which said principal executive
office is located.
All such notices shall be given to each stockholder entitled
thereto not less than ten (10) days nor more than sixty (60) days before each
annual meeting. Any such notice shall be deemed to have been given at the time
when delivered personally or deposited in the mail or sent by other means of
written communication. An affidavit of mailing of any such notice in accordance
with the foregoing provisions, executed by the Secretary, Assistant Secretary or
any transfer agent of the corporation shall be prima facie evidence of the
giving of the notice.
Such notice shall specify:
(a) the place, the date, and the hour of such meeting;
(b) those matters that the Board of Directors, at the
time of the mailing of the notice, intends to present for action by the
stockholders (but, subject to the provisions of subsection (d) below, any proper
matter may be presented at the meeting for such action);
(c) if directors are to be elected, the names of
nominees intended at the time of the notice to be presented by the
Board of Directors for election;
(d) the general nature of a proposal, if any, to take
action with respect to approval of (i) a contract or other transaction
with an interested director, (ii) amendment of the Certificate of
Incorporation, (iii) voluntary dissolution of the corporation, or (iv) a
distribution in dissolution other than in accordance with the rights of
outstanding preferred shares, if any; and
(e) such other matters, if any, as may be expressly
required by statute.
SECTION 2.4 SPECIAL MEETINGS.
Special meetings of the stockholders for any purpose or purposes
whatsoever may be called at any time by the Chairman of the Board (if there be
such an officer appointed), by the
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President, by the Board of Directors, or by one or more stockholders entitled to
cast not less than ten percent (10%) of the votes at the meeting.
SECTION 2.5 NOTICE OF SPECIAL MEETINGS.
Upon request in writing that a special meeting of stockholders be
called for any proper purpose, directed to the Chairman of the Board (if there
be such an officer appointed), President, Vice President or Secretary by any
person (other than the Board of Directors) entitled to call a special meeting of
stockholders, the officer forthwith shall cause notice to be given to the
stockholders entitled to vote that a meeting will be held at a time requested by
the person or persons calling the meeting, not less than thirty-five (35) nor
more than sixty (60) days after the receipt of the request. Except in special
cases where other express provision is made by statute, notice of any special
meeting of stockholders shall be given in the same manner as for annual meetings
of stockholders. In addition to the matters required by Section 2.3(a) and, if
applicable, Section 2.3(c) of these Bylaws, notice of any special meeting shall
specify the general nature of the business to be transacted, and no other
business may be transacted at such meeting.
SECTION 2.6 QUORUM.
The presence in person or by proxy of persons entitled to vote a
majority of the voting shares at any meeting shall constitute a quorum for the
transaction of business. If a quorum is present, the affirmative vote of a
majority of the shares represented and voting at the meeting (which shares
voting affirmatively also constitute at least a majority of the required quorum)
shall be the act of the stockholders, unless the vote of a greater number or
voting by classes is required by the General Corporation Law or the Certificate
of Incorporation. Any meeting of stockholders, whether or not a quorum is
present, may be adjourned from time to time by the vote of the holders of a
majority of the shares present in person or represented by proxy thereat and
entitled to vote, but in the absence of a quorum no other business may be
transacted at such meeting, except that the stockholders present or represented
by proxy at a duly called or held meeting, at which a quorum is present, may
continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal
of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum, if any action taken (other
than adjournment) is approved by at least a, majority of the shares required to
constitute a quorum.
SECTION 2.7 ADJOURNED MEETING AND NOTICE.
When any stockholders' meeting, either annual or special, is
adjourned for more than forty five (45) days, or if after adjournment a new
record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, notice of the adjourned meeting
shall be given as in the case of an original meeting. Except as provided above,
it shall not be necessary to give any notice of the time and place of the
adjourned meeting or of the business to be transacted thereat, other than by
announcement of the time and place thereof at the meeting at which such
adjournment is taken.
SECTION 2.8 RECORD DATE.
(a) The Board of Directors may fix a time in the future as a
record date for the determination of the stockholders entitled to notice of and
to vote at any meeting of stockholders or entitled to give consent to corporate
action in writing without a meeting, to receive any report,
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to receive any dividend or other distribution, or allotment of any rights, or to
exercise rights in respect of any other lawful action. The record date so fixed
shall be not more than sixty (60) days nor less than ten (10) days prior to the
date of such meeting, nor more than sixty (60) days prior to any other action. A
determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a
meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting unless the
Board of Directors fixes a new record date for the adjourned meeting, but the
Board of Directors shall fix a new record date if the meeting is adjourned for
more than thirty (30) days from the date set for the original meeting. When a
record date is so fixed, only stockholders of record at the close of business on
that date are entitled to notice of and to vote at any such meeting, to give
consent without a meeting, to receive any report, to receive the dividend,
distribution, or allotment of rights, or to exercise the rights, as the case may
be, notwithstanding any transfer of any shares on the books of the corporation
after the record date, except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of
Incorporation or these Bylaws.
(b) If no record date is fixed:
(1) The record date for determining stockholders
entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the
close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which notice is
given or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the business day
preceding the day on which the meeting is held.
(2) The record date for determining stockholders entitled
to give consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior
action by the Board of Directors has been taken, shall be the day on which the
first written consent is given.
(3) The record date for determining stockholders for
any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the
Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto, or the sixtieth
(60th) day prior to the date of such other action, whichever is later.
SECTION 2.9 VOTING.
(a) Except as provided below with respect to cumulative voting
and except as may be otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation,
each outstanding share, regardless of class, shall be entitled to one vote on
each matter submitted to a vote of stockholders. Any holders of shares entitled
to vote on any matter may vote part of the shares in favor of the proposal and
refrain from voting the remaining shares or vote them against the proposal,
other than elections to office, but, if the stockholder fails to specify the
number of shares such stockholder is voting affirmatively, it will be
conclusively presumed that the stockholder's approving vote is with respect to
all shares such stockholder is entitled to vote.
(b) Subject to the requirements of the next sentence, every
stockholder entitled to vote at any election for directors shall have the right
to cumulate such stockholder's votes and give one candidate a number of votes
equal to the number of directors to be elected multiplied by the number of votes
to which such stockholder's shares are normally entitled, or to distribute votes
on the same principle among as many candidates as such stockholder thinks fit.
No stockholder shall be entitled to cumulate votes unless such candidate's name
or candidates'
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names have been placed in nomination prior to the voting and the stockholder has
given notice at the meeting, prior to the voting, of the stockholder's intention
to cumulate such stockholder's votes. If any one stockholder has given such
notice, all stockholders may cumulate their votes for candidates in nomination.
The candidates receiving the highest number of affirmative votes of shares
entitled to be voted for them, up to the number of directors to be elected by
such shares, shall be elected. Votes against a director and votes withheld shall
have no legal effect.
SECTION 2.10 PROXIES.
(a) Every person entitled to vote shares (including voting by
written consent) may authorize another person or other persons to act by proxy
with respect to such shares. "Proxy" means a written authorization signed by a
stockholder or the stockholder's attorney-in-fact giving another person or
persons power to vote with respect to the shares of such stockholder. "Signed"
for the purpose of this Section means the placing of the stockholder's name on
the proxy (whether by manual signature, typewriting, telegraphic transmission or
otherwise) by the stockholder or the stockholder's attorney-in-fact. Any proxy
duly executed is not revoked and continues in full force and effect until (i) a
written instrument revoking it is filed with the Secretary of the corporation
prior to the vote pursuant thereto, (ii) a subsequent proxy executed by the
person executing the prior proxy is presented to the meeting, (iii) the person
executing the proxy attends the meeting and votes in person, or (iv) written
notice of the death or incapacity of the maker of such proxy is received by the
corporation before the vote pursuant thereto is counted; provided that no such
proxy shall be valid after the expiration of eleven (11) months from the date of
its execution, unless otherwise provided in the proxy. The dates contained on
the forms of proxy presumptively determine the order of execution, regardless of
the postmark dates on the envelopes in which they are mailed.
(b) As long as no outstanding class of securities of the
corporation is registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, or is not exempted from such registration by Section 12(g)(2) of such Act,
any form of proxy or written consent distributed to ten (10) or more
stockholders of the corporation when outstanding shares of the corporation are
held of record by 100 or more persons shall afford an opportunity on the proxy
or form of written consent to specify a choice between approval and disapproval
of each matter or group of related matters intended to be acted upon at the
meeting for which the proxy is solicited or by such written consent, other than
elections to office, and shall provide, subject to reasonable specified
conditions, that where the person solicited specifies a choice with respect to
any such matter the shares will be voted in accordance therewith. In any
election of directors, any form of proxy in which the directors to be voted upon
are named therein as candidates and which is marked by a stockholder "withhold"
or otherwise marked in a manner indicating that the authority to vote for the
election of directors is withheld shall not be voted for the election of a
director.
SECTION 2.11 VALIDATION OF DEFECTIVELY CALLED OR NOTICED MEETINGS.
The transactions of any meeting of stockholders, however, called and
noticed, and wherever held, are as valid as though had at a meeting duly held
after regular call and notice, if a quorum is present either in person or by
proxy, and if, either before or after the meeting, each of the persons entitled
to vote, not present in person or by proxy, signs a written waiver of notice or
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a consent to the holding of the meeting or an approval of the minutes thereof.
All such waivers, consents and approvals shall be filed with the corporate
records or made a part of the minutes of the meeting. Attendance of a person at
a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of and presence at such meeting,
except when the person objects, at the beginning of the meeting, to the
transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or
convened and except that attendance at a meeting is not a waiver of any right to
object to the consideration of matters required by these Bylaws or by the
General Corporation Law to be included in the notice if such objection is
expressly made at the meeting. Neither the business to be transacted at nor the
purpose of any regular or special meeting of stockholders need be specified in
any written waiver of notice, consent to the holding of the meeting or approval
of the minutes thereof, unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of
Incorporation or these Bylaws, or unless the meeting involves one or more
matters specified in Section 2.3(d) of these Bylaws.
SECTION 2.12 ACTION WITHOUT MEETING.
(a) Directors may be elected without a meeting by a consent in
writing, setting forth the action so taken, signed by all of the persons who
would be entitled to vote for the election of directors, provided that, without
notice except as hereinafter set forth, a director may be elected at any time to
fill a vacancy not filled by the directors (other than a vacancy created by
removal of a director) by the written consent of persons holding a majority of
the outstanding shares entitled to vote for the election of directors.
Any other action that may be taken at a meeting of the
stockholders, may be taken without a meeting, and without prior notice except as
hereinafter set forth, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so
taken, is signed by the holders of outstanding shares having not less than the
minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action
at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and
voted.
(b) Unless the consents of all stockholders entitled to vote
have been solicited in writing:
(1) notice of any proposed stockholder approval of (i)
a contract or other transaction with an interested director, (ii)
indemnification of an agent of the corporation, (iii) a reorganization of the
corporation, or (iv) a distribution in dissolution other than in accordance with
the rights of outstanding preferred shares, if any, without a meeting by less
than unanimous written consent, shall be given at least ten (10) days before the
consummation of the action authorized by such approval; and
(2) prompt notice shall be given of the taking of any
other corporate action approved by stockholders without a meeting by less than
unanimous written consent to those stockholders entitled to vote who have not
consented in writing. Such notices shall be given in the manner provided in
Section 2.3 of these Bylaws.
(c) Any stockholder giving a written consent, or the
stockholder's proxyholders, or a transferee of the shares or a personal
representative of the stockholder or their respective proxyholders, may revoke
the consent by a writing received by the corporation prior to the time that
written consents of the number of shares required to authorize the proposed
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action have been filed with the Secretary of the corporation, but may not do so
thereafter. Such revocation is effective upon its receipt by the Secretary of
the corporation.
SECTION 2.13 INSPECTORS OF ELECTION.
(a) In advance of any meeting of stockholders, the Board of
Directors may appoint inspectors of election to act at the meeting and any
adjournment thereof. If inspectors of election are not so appointed, or if any
persons so appointed fail to appear or refuse to act, the chairman of any such
meeting may, and on the request of any stockholder or the holder of such
stockholder's proxy shall, appoint inspectors of election (or persons to replace
those who so fail or refuse) at the meeting. The number of inspectors shall be
either one or three. If inspectors are appointed at a meeting on the request of
one or more stockholders or holders of proxies, the majority of shares
represented in person or by proxy shall determine whether one inspector or three
inspectors are to be appointed.
(b) The inspectors of election shall determine the number of
shares outstanding and the voting power of each, the shares represented at the
meeting, the existence of a quorum and the authenticity, validity and effect of
proxies; receive votes, ballots or consents; hear and determine all challenges
and questions in any way arising in connection with the right to vote; count and
tabulate all votes or consents; determine when the polls shall close; determine
the result; and do such acts as may be proper to conduct the election or vote
with fairness to all stockholders.
(c) The inspectors of election shall perform their duties
impartially, in good faith, to the best of their ability and as expeditiously as
is practical. If there are three inspectors of election, the decision, act or
certificate of a majority is effective in all respects as the decision, act or
certificate of all. Any report or certificate made by the inspectors of election
is prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.
ARTICLE III
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
SECTION 3.1 POWERS, APPROVAL OF LOANS TO OFFICERS.
(a) Subject to the provisions of the General Corporation Law and
any limitations in the Certificate of Incorporation relating to action required
to be approved by the stockholders or by the outstanding shares, the business
and affairs of the corporation shall be managed and all corporate powers shall
be exercised by or under the direction of the Board of Directors. The Board of
Directors may delegate the management of the day-to-day operation of the
business of the corporation to a management company or other person provided
that the business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed and all
corporate powers shall be exercised under the ultimate direction of the Board of
Directors.
(b) The corporation may, upon approval of the Board of
Directors alone, make loans of money or property to, or guarantee the
obligations of, any officer (whether or not
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a director) of the corporation or of its parent, or adopt an employee benefit
plan authorizing such loans or guaranties provided that:
(1) the Board of Directors determines that such a loan, guaranty, or
plan may reasonably be expected to benefit the corporation;
(2) the approval by the Board of Directors is by a vote sufficient
without counting the vote of any interested director(s); and
(3) the loan is otherwise made in compliance with Section 143 of the
General Corporation Law.
SECTION 3.2 NUMBER AND QUALIFICATION OF DIRECTORS.
The authorized number of the directors shall not be less than
four (4) nor more than seven (7), except that for so long as the corporation has
only one stockholder, the number of directors may be one (1). The exact number
may be fixed from time to time within such limit by a duly adopted resolution of
the Board of Directors or stockholders. Directors need not be stockholders.
SECTION 3.3 ELECTION AND TERM OF OFFICE.
The directors shall be elected at each annual meeting of
stockholders, but, if any such annual meeting is not held or the directors are
not elected thereat, the directors may be elected at any special meeting of
stockholders held for that purpose. Each director, including a director elected
to fill a vacancy, shall hold office until the expiration of the term for which
elected and until a successor has been elected and qualified.
SECTION 3.4 VACANCIES.
A vacancy in the Board of Directors shall be deemed to exist in
case of the death, resignation or removal of any director, if a director has
been declared of unsound mind by order of court or convicted of a felony, if the
authorized number of directors is increased, if the incorporator or
incorporators have failed to appoint the authorized number of directors in any
resolution for appointment of directors upon the initial organization of the
corporation, or if the stockholders fail, at any annual or special meeting of
stockholders at which any director or directors are elected, to elect the full
authorized number of directors to be voted for at that meeting.
Vacancies in the Board of Directors, except for a vacancy
created by the removal of a director, may be filled by a majority of the
directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present, or if the number of
directors then in office is less than a quorum, (a) by the unanimous written
consent of the directors then in office, (b) by the vote of a majority of the
directors then in office at a meeting held pursuant to notice or waivers of
notice in compliance with these Bylaws, or (c) by a sole remaining director.
Each director so elected shall hold office until his or her successor is elected
at an annual or a special meeting of the stockholders. A vacancy in the Board of
Directors created by the removal of a director may be filled only by the vote of
a majority of the shares entitled to vote represented at a duly held meeting at
which a quorum is
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present, or by the written consent of sixty-six and two-third percent (66 2/3%)
of the holders of the outstanding shares.
The stockholders may elect a director or directors at any time to
fill any vacancy or vacancies not filled by the directors. Any such election by
written consent other than to fill a vacancy created by removal shall require
the consent of holders of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote.
Any such election by written consent to fill a vacancy created by removal shall
require the written consent of sixty-six and two-third percent (66 2/3%) of the
shares entitled to vote for the election of directors.
Any director may resign effective upon giving written notice to
the Chairman of the Board (if there be such an officer appointed), the
President, the Secretary or the Board of Directors of the corporation, unless
the notice specifies a later time for the effectiveness of such resignation. If
the resignation is effective at a future time, a successor may be elected to
take office when the resignation becomes effective.
Any or all of the directors may be removed from office without
cause by a vote of stockholders holding a majority of the outstanding shares
entitled to vote at an election of directors; however, unless the entire Board
of Directors is removed, an individual director shall not be removed if the
votes cast against removal, or not consenting in writing to such removal, would
be sufficient to elect such director if voted at an election at which the same
total number of votes were cast, or, if such action is taken by written consent,
all shares entitled to vote were voted, and the entire number of directors
authorized at the time of the director's most recent election were then being
elected.
No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the
effect of removing any director prior to the expiration of the director's term
of office.
SECTION 3.5 TIME AND PLACE OF MEETINGS.
The Board of Directors shall hold a regular meeting immediately
after the meeting of stockholders at which it is elected and at the place where
such meeting is held, or at such other place as shall be fixed by the Board of
Directors, for the purpose of organization, election of officers of the
corporation and the transaction of other business. Notice of such meeting is
hereby dispensed with. Other regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be
held without notice at such times and places as are fixed by the Board of
Directors. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at any time
whenever called by the Chairman of the Board (if there be such an officer
appointed), the President, any Vice-President, the Secretary or any two
directors.
Except as hereinabove provided in this Section 3.5, all meetings
of the Board of Directors may be held at any place within or without the State
of Delaware that has been designated by resolution of the Board of Directors as
the place for the holding of regular meetings, or by written consent of all
directors. In the absence of such designation, meetings of the Board of
Directors shall be held at the principal executive office of the corporation.
Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be held either at a place so
designated or at the principal executive office of the corporation.
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SECTION 3.6 NOTICE OF SPECIAL MEETINGS.
Notice of the time and place of special meetings shall be
delivered personally to each director or communicated to each director by
telephone, telegraph or mail, charges prepaid, addressed to the director at the
director's address as it is shown upon the records of the corporation or, if it
is not so shown on such records or is not readily ascertainable, at the place at
which the meetings of the directors are regularly held. In case such notice is
mailed, it shall be deposited in the United States mail at least four (4) days
prior to the time of the holding of the meeting. In case such notice is
delivered personally or by telephone or telegraph, as above provided, it shall
be so delivered at least forty-eight (48) hours prior to the time of the holding
of the meeting. Such mailing, telegraphing or delivery, personally or by
telephone, as above provided, shall be due, legal and personal notice to such
director.
Notice of a meeting need not be given to any director who signs a
waiver of notice or a consent to holding the meeting or an approval of the
minutes thereof, whether before or after the meeting, or who attends the meeting
without protesting, prior thereto or at its commencement, the lack of notice to
such director. All such waivers, consents and approvals shall be filed with the
corporate records or made a part of the minutes of the meetings.
SECTION 3.7 ACTION AT A MEETING: QUORUM AND REQUIRED VOTE.
Presence of a majority of the authorized number of directors at a
meeting of the Board of Directors constitutes a quorum for the transaction of
business, except as hereinafter provided. Members of the Board of Directors may
participate in a meeting through use of conference telephone or similar
communications equipment, so long as all members participating in such meeting
can hear one another. Participation in a meeting as permitted in the preceding
sentence constitutes presence in person at such meeting. Every act or decision
done or made by a majority of the directors present at a meeting duly held at
which a quorum is present is the act of the Board of Directors, unless a greater
number, or the same number after disqualifying one or more directors from
voting, is required by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation, or by these
Bylaws. A meeting at which a quorum is initially present may continue to
transact business notwithstanding the withdrawal of directors, if any action
taken is approved by at least a majority of the required quorum for such
meeting.
SECTION 3.8 ACTION WITHOUT A MEETING.
Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Board of
Directors may be taken without a meeting, if all members of the Board of
Directors shall individually or collectively consent in writing to such action.
Such written consent or consents shall be filed with the minutes of the
proceedings of the Board of Directors. Such action by written consent shall have
the same force and effect as a unanimous vote of such directors.
SECTION 3.9 ADJOURNED MEETING AND NOTICE.
A majority of the directors present, whether or not a quorum is
present, may adjourn any meeting to another time and place. If the meeting is
adjourned for more than twenty-four (24) hours, notice of any adjournment to
another time or place shall be given prior to
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the time of the adjourned meeting to the directors who were not present at the
time of the adjournment.
SECTION 3.10 FEES AND COMPENSATION.
Directors and members of committees may receive such
compensation, if any, for their services, and such reimbursement for expenses,
as may be fixed or determined by resolution of the Board of Directors.
SECTION 3.11 APPOINTMENT OF EXECUTIVE AND OTHER COMMITTEES.
The Board of Directors may, by resolution adopted by a majority
of the authorized number of directors, designate one or more committees, each
consisting of two or more directors, to serve at the pleasure of the Board of
Directors. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as
alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent member at any
meeting of the committee. The appointment of members or alternate members of a
committee requires the vote of a majority of the authorized number of directors.
Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board of
Directors or in these Bylaws, shall have all the authority of the Board of
Directors, except with respect to:
(a) The approval of any action for which the General
Corporation Law also requires stockholders' approval or approval of the
outstanding shares.
(b) The filling of vacancies on the Board of Directors
or in any committee.
(c) The fixing of compensation of the directors for
serving on the Board of Directors or on any committee.
(d) The amendment or repeal of these Bylaws or the
adoption of new Bylaws.
(e) The amendment or repeal of any resolution of the
Board of Directors that by its express terms is not so amendable or repealable.
(f) A distribution to the stockholders of the
corporation, except at a rate, in a periodic amount or within a price range
determined by the Board of Directors.
(g) The appointment of other committees of the Board
of Directors or the members thereof.
The provisions of Sections 3.5 through 3.9 of these Bylaws apply also to
committees of the Board of Directors and action by such committees, mutatis
mutandis (with the necessary changes having been made in the language thereof).
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ARTICLE IV
OFFICERS
SECTION 4.1 OFFICERS.
The officers of the corporation shall consist of the President,
the Secretary and the Treasurer, and each of them shall be appointed by the
Board of Directors. The corporation may also have a Chairman of the Board, one
or more Vice-Presidents, a Controller, one or more Assistant Secretaries and
Assistant Treasurers, and such other officers as may be appointed by the Board
of Directors, or with authorization from the Board of Directors by the
President. The order of the seniority of the Vice-Presidents shall be in the
order of their nomination, unless otherwise determined by the Board of
Directors. Any two or more of such offices may be held by the same person. The
Board of Directors shall designate one officer as the chief financial officer of
the corporation. In the absence of such designation, the Treasurer shall be the
chief financial officer. The Board of Directors may appoint, and may empower the
President to appoint, such other officers as the business of the corporation may
require, each of whom shall have such authority and perform such duties as are
provided in these Bylaws or as the Board of Directors may from time to time
determine.
All officers of the corporation shall hold office from the date
appointed to the date of the next succeeding regular meeting of the Board of
Directors following the meeting of stockholders at which the Board of Directors
is elected, and until their successors are elected; provided that all officers,
as well as any other employee or agent of the corporation, may be removed at any
time at the pleasure of the Board of Directors, or, except in the case of an
officer chosen by the Board of Directors, by any officer upon whom such power of
removal may be conferred by the Board of Directors, and upon the removal,
resignation, death or incapacity of any officer, the Board of Directors or the
President, in cases where he or she has been vested by the Board of Directors
with power to appoint, may declare such office vacant and fill such vacancy.
Nothing in these Bylaws shall be construed as creating any kind of contractual
right to employment with the corporation.
Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to
the Board of Directors, the President, or the Secretary of the corporation,
without prejudice, however, to the rights, if any, of the corporation under any
contract to which such officer is a party. Any such resignation shall take
effect at the date of the receipt of such notice or at any later time specified
therein; and, unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such
resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.
The salary and other compensation of the officers shall be fixed
from time to time by resolution of or in the manner determined by the Board of
Directors.
SECTION 4.2 THE CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD.
The Chairman of the Board (if there be such an officer
appointed) shall, when present, preside at all meetings of the Board of
Directors and shall perform all the duties commonly incident to that office. The
Chairman of the Board shall have authority to execute in the name of the
corporation bonds, contracts, deeds, leases and other written instruments to be
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executed by the corporation (except where by law the signature of the President
is required), and shall perform such other duties as the Board of Directors may
from time to time determine.
SECTION 4.3 THE PRESIDENT.
Subject to such supervisory powers, if any, as may be given by
the Board of Directors to the Chairman of the Board, the President shall be the
chief executive officer of the corporation and shall perform all the duties
commonly incident to that office. The President shall have authority to execute
in the name of the corporation bonds, contracts, deeds, leases and other written
instruments to be executed by the corporation. The President shall preside at
all meetings of the stockholders and, in the absence of the Chairman of the
Board or if there is none, at all meetings of the Board of Directors, and shall
perform such other duties as the Board of Directors may from time to time
determine.
SECTION 4.4 VICE-PRESIDENTS.
The Vice-Presidents (if there be such officers appointed), in the
order of their seniority (unless otherwise established by the Board of
Directors), may assume and perform the duties of the President in the absence or
disability of the President or whenever the offices of the Chairman of the Board
and President are vacant. The Vice-Presidents shall have such titles, perform
such other duties, and have such other powers as the Board of Directors, the
President or these Bylaws may designate from time to time.
SECTION 4.5 THE SECRETARY.
The Secretary shall record or cause to be recorded, and shall
keep or cause to be kept, at the principal executive office and such other place
as the Board of Directors may order, a book of minutes of actions taken at all
meetings of directors and committees thereof and of stockholders, with the time
and place of holding, whether regular or special, and, if special, how
authorized, the notice thereof given, the names of those present at directors'
meetings, the number of shares present or represented at stockholders' meetings,
and the proceedings thereof.
The Secretary shall keep, or cause to be kept, at the principal
executive office or at the office of the corporation's transfer agent, a share
register or a duplicate share register in a form capable of being converted into
written form, showing the names of the stockholders and their addresses, the
number and classes of shares held by each, the number and date of certificates
issued for the same, and the number and date of cancellation of every
certificate surrendered for cancellation.
The Secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all the
meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors and committees
thereof required by these Bylaws or by law to be given, and shall have such
other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of
Directors or by these Bylaws.
The President may direct any Assistant Secretary to assume and
perform the duties of the Secretary in the absence or disability of the
Secretary, and each Assistant Secretary shall perform such other duties and have
such other powers as the Board of Directors or the President may designate from
time to time.
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SECTION 4.6 THE TREASURER.
The Treasurer shall keep and maintain, or cause to be kept and
maintained, adequate and correct accounts of the properties and business
transactions of the corporation. The books of account shall at all reasonable
times be open to inspection by any director.
The Treasurer shall deposit all moneys and other valuables in the
name and to the credit of the corporation with such depositaries as may be
designated by the Board of Directors. The Treasurer shall disburse the funds of
the corporation as may be ordered by the Board of Directors, shall render to the
President and directors, whenever they request it, an account of all of the
Treasurer's transactions as Treasurer and of the financial condition of the
corporation, and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as
may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or these Bylaws.
The President may direct any Assistant Treasurer to assume and
perform the duties of the Treasurer in the absence or disability of the
Treasurer, and each Assistant Treasurer shall perform such other duties and have
such other powers as the Board of Directors or the President may designate from
time to time.
SECTION 4.7 THE CONTROLLER.
The Controller (if there be such an officer appointed) shall be
responsible for the establishment and maintenance of accounting and other
systems required to control and account for the assets of the corporation and
provide safeguards therefor, and to collect information required for management
purposes, and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the
Board of Directors or the President may designate from time to time. The
President may direct any Assistant Controller to assume and perform the duties
of the Controller, in the absence or disability of the Controller, and each
Assistant Controller shall perform such other duties and have such other powers
as the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board (if there be such an
officer appointed) or the President may designate from time to time.
ARTICLE V
EXECUTION OF CORPORATE INSTRUMENTS, RATIFICATION,
AND VOTING OF STOCKS OWNED BY THE CORPORATION
SECTION 5.1 EXECUTION OF CORPORATE INSTRUMENTS.
In its discretion, the Board of Directors may determine the
method and designate the signatory officer or officers or other person or
persons, to execute any corporate instrument or document, or to sign the
corporate name without limitation, except where otherwise provided by law, and
such execution or signature shall be binding upon the corporation.
All checks and drafts drawn on banks or other depositaries on
funds to the credit of the corporation, or in special accounts of the
corporation, shall be signed by such person or persons as the Board of Directors
shall authorize to do so.
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The Board of Directors shall designate an officer who personally,
or through his representative, shall vote shares of other corporations standing
in the name of this corporation. The authority to vote shares shall include the
authority to execute a proxy in the name of the corporation for purposes of
voting the shares.
SECTION 5.2 RATIFICATION BY STOCKHOLDERS.
In its discretion, the Board of Directors may submit any contract
or act for approval or ratification of the stockholders at any annual meeting of
stockholders, or at any special meeting of stockholders called for that purpose;
and any contract or act that shall be approved or ratified by the holders of a
majority of the voting power of the corporation shall be as valid and binding
upon the corporation and upon the stockholders thereof as though approved or
ratified by each and every stockholder of the corporation, unless a greater vote
is required by law for such purpose.
SECTION 5.3 VOTING OF STOCKS OWNED BY THE CORPORATION.
All stock of other corporations owned or held by the corporation
for itself, or for other parties in any capacity, shall be voted, and all
proxies with respect thereto shall be executed, by the person authorized to do
so by resolution of the Board of Directors, or in the absence of such
authorization, by the Chairman of the Board (if there be such an officer
appointed), the President or any Vice-President, or by any other person
authorized to do so by the Chairman of the Board, the President or any Vice
President.
ARTICLE VI
SHARES OF STOCK
Every holder of shares in the corporation shall be entitled to
have a certificate signed in the name of the corporation by the Chairman or Vice
Chairman of the Board (if there be such officers appointed) or the President or
a Vice-President and by the chief financial officer or any Assistant Treasurer
or the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary, certifying the number of shares and
the class or series of shares owned by the stockholder. Any of the signatures on
the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or
registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a
certificate has ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before
such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with the same
effect as if such person were an officer, transfer agent or registrar at the
date of issue.
Certificates for shares may be issued prior to full payment,
under such restrictions and for such purposes as the Board of Directors or these
Bylaws may provide; provided, however, that the certificate issued to represent
any such partly paid shares shall state on the face thereof the total amount of
the consideration to be paid therefor, the amount remaining unpaid and the terms
of payment.
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No new certificate for shares shall be issued in lieu of an old
certificate unless the latter is surrendered and cancelled at the same time;
provided, however, that a new certificate will be issued without the surrender
and cancellation of the old certificate if (1) the old certificate is lost,
apparently destroyed or wrongfully taken; (2) the request for the issuance of
the new certificate is made within a reasonable time after the owner of the old
certificate has notice of its loss, destruction, or theft; (3) the request for
the issuance of a new certificate is made prior to the receipt of notice by the
corporation that the old certificate has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser;
(4) the owner of the old certificate files a sufficient indemnity bond with or
provides other adequate security to the corporation; and (5) the owner satisfies
any other reasonable requirement imposed by the corporation.
ARTICLE VII
INSPECTION OF CORPORATE RECORDS
SECTION 7.1 GENERAL RECORDS.
The accounting books and records and the minutes of proceedings
of the stockholders, the Board of Directors and committees thereof of the
corporation and any subsidiary of the corporation shall be open to inspection
upon the written demand on the corporation of any stockholder or holder of a
voting trust certificate at any reasonable time during usual business hours, for
a purpose reasonably related to such holder's interests as a stockholder or as
the holder of such voting trust certificate. Such inspection by a stockholder or
holder of a voting trust certificate may be made in person or by agent or
attorney, and the right of inspection includes the right to copy and make
extracts. Minutes of proceedings of the stockholders, Board, and committees
thereof shall be kept in written form. Other books and records shall be kept
either in written form or in any other form capable of being converted into
written form.
Every director shall have the absolute right at any reasonable
time to inspect and copy all books, records and documents of every kind and to
inspect the physical properties of the corporation and its subsidiaries. Such
inspection by a director may be made in person or by agent or attorney, and the
right of inspection includes the right to copy and make extracts.
SECTION 7.2 INSPECTION OF BYLAWS.
The corporation shall keep at its principal executive office in
Delaware, or if its principal executive office is not in Delaware, then at its
principal business office in Delaware (or shall otherwise provide upon written
request of any stockholder if it has no such office in Delaware) the original or
a copy of these Bylaws as amended to date, which shall be open to inspection by
the stockholders at all reasonable times during office hours.
SECTION 7.3 ANNUAL REPORT TO STOCKHOLDERS; WAIVER.
The Board of Directors shall cause an annual report to be sent
to the stockholders not later than one hundred twenty (120) days after the close
of the fiscal year adopted by the
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corporation. Such report shall be sent at least fifteen (15) days (or, if sent
by third-class mail, thirty-five (35) days) before the annual meeting of
stockholders to be held during the next fiscal year and in the manner specified
in Section 2.3 of these Bylaws for giving notice to stockholders of the
corporation.
The annual report shall contain (i) a balance sheet as of the end
of the fiscal year, (ii) an income statement, (iii) a statement of changes in
financial position for the fiscal year, and (iv) any report of independent
accountants or, if there is no such report, the certificate of an authorized
officer of the corporation that the statements were prepared without audit from
the books and records of the corporation.
The foregoing requirement of an annual report shall be waived so
long as the shares of the corporation are held by fewer than one hundred (100)
holders of record.
SECTION 7.4 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
If no annual report for the fiscal year has been sent to
stockholders, then the corporation shall, upon the written request of any
stockholder made more than one hundred twenty (120) days after the close of such
fiscal year, deliver or mail to the person making the request within thirty (30)
days thereafter, a copy of a balance sheet as of the end of such fiscal year and
an income statement and statement of changes in financial position for such
fiscal year.
If a stockholder or stockholders holding at least five percent
(5%) of the outstanding shares of any class of stock of the corporation makes a
written request to the corporation for an income statement of the corporation
for the three-month, six-month or nine-month period of the then current fiscal
year ended more than thirty (30) days before the date of the request, and for a
balance sheet of the corporation as of the end of that period, then the chief
financial officer shall cause that statement to be prepared, if not already
prepared, and shall deliver personally or mail that statement or statements to
the person making the request within thirty (30) days after the receipt of that
request. If the corporation has not sent to the stockholders its annual report
for the last fiscal year, the statements referred to in the first paragraph of
this Section 7.4 shall likewise be delivered or mailed to the stockholder or
stockholders within thirty (30) days after the request.
The quarterly income statements and balance sheets referred to in
this section shall be accompanied by the report, if any, of any independent
accountant engaged by the corporation or by the certificate of an authorized
officer of the corporation that the financial statements were prepared without
audit from the books and records of the corporation.
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ARTICLE VIII
INDEMNIFICATION OF OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS
SECTION 8.1 RIGHT TO INDEMNIFICATION.
The Corporation may, to the maximum extent and in the manner
permitted by the General Corporation Law of Delaware, indemnify each of its
directors and officers against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgements,
fines, settlements and other amounts actually and reasonably incurred in
connection with any proceeding, arising by reason of the fact that such person
is or was an agent of the corporation. For the purposes of this Section 8.1, a
"director" or "officer" of the corporation includes any person (i) who is or was
a director or officer of the corporation, (ii) who is or was serving at the
request of the corporation as a director or officer of another corporation,
partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, or (iii) who was a
director or officer of a corporation which was a predecessor corporation of the
corporation or of another enterprise at the request of such predecessor
corporation.
The corporation may have the power, to the maximum extent and in
the manner permitted by the General Corporations Law of Delaware, to indemnify
each of its employees and agents (other than directors and officers) against
expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgements, fines, settlements and other
amounts actually and reasonably incurred in connection with any proceeding,
arising by reason of the fact that such person is or was an agent of the
corporation. For the purposes of this Section 8.1, an "employee" or "agent" of
the corporation (other than a director or officer) includes any person (i) who
is or was an employee or agent of the corporation, (ii) who is or was serving at
the request of the corporation as an employee or agent of another corporation,
partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, or (iii) who was an
employee or agent of a corporation which was a predecessor corporation of the
corporation or of another enterprise at the request of such predecessor
corporation.
SECTION 8.2 AUTHORITY TO ADVANCE EXPENSES.
Expenses incurred in defending any actions or proceeding for
which indemnification is required pursuant to Section 8.1 hereof or for which
indemnification is permitted pursuant to Section 8.1 hereof following
authorizations thereof by the Board of Directors may be paid by the corporation
in advance of the final disposition of such action or proceeding upon receipt of
an undertaking by or on behalf of the indemnified party to repay such amount if
it shall ultimate be determined that the indemnified party is not entitled to be
indemnified as authorized in this Article VIII.
SECTION 8.3 RIGHT OF CLAIMANT TO BRING SUIT.
If a claim under Section 8.1 or 8.2 of these Bylaws is not paid
in full by the corporation within thirty (30) days after a written claim has
been received by the corporation, the claimant may at any time thereafter bring
suit against the corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim and, if
successful in whole or in part, the claimant shall be entitled to be paid also
the expense (including attorneys' fees) of prosecuting such claim. It shall be a
defense to any such action (other than an action brought to enforce a claim for
expenses incurred in defending a Proceeding in advance of its final disposition
where the required undertaking has
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been tendered to the corporation) that the claimant has not met the standards of
conduct that make it permissible under the Delaware General Corporation Law for
the corporation to indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed. The burden of
proving such a defense shall be on the corporation. Neither the failure of the
corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel, or its
stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such
action that indemnification of the claimant is proper under the circumstances
because he has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the Delaware
General Corporation Law, nor an actual determination by the corporation
(including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel, or its
stockholders) that the claimant had not met such applicable standard of conduct,
shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that claimant has not
met the applicable standard of conduct.
SECTION 8.4 PROVISIONS NONEXCLUSIVE.
The rights conferred on any person by this Article shall not be
exclusive of any other rights that such person may have or hereafter acquire
under any statute, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, agreement,
vote of stockholders or disinterested directors, or otherwise, both as to action
in an official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such
office. To the extent that any provision of the Certificate, agreement, or vote
of the stockholders or disinterested directors is inconsistent with these
bylaws, the provision, agreement, or vote shall take precedence.
SECTION 8.5 AUTHORITY TO INSURE.
The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of
any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the
corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a
director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint
venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against him or
her and incurred by him or her in any such capacity, or arising out of his or
her status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to
indemnify such liability under the provisions of the General Corporation Law of
Delaware.
SECTION 8.6 SURVIVAL OF RIGHTS.
The rights provided by this Article shall continue as to a person
who has ceased to be an Agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs,
executors, and administrators of such person.
SECTION 8.7 SETTLEMENT OF CLAIMS.
The corporation shall not be liable to indemnify any Agent under
this Article (a) for any amounts paid in settlement of any action or claim
effected without the corporation's written consent, which consent shall not be
unreasonably withheld; or (b) for any judicial award, if the corporation was not
given a reasonable and timely opportunity, at its expense, to participate in the
defense of such action.
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SECTION 8.8 EFFECT OF AMENDMENT.
Any amendment, repeal, or modification of this Article shall not
adversely affect any right or protection of any Agent existing at the time of
such amendment, repeal, or modification.
SECTION 8.9 SUBROGATION.
In the event of payment under this Article, the corporation shall
be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of
the Agent, who shall execute all papers required and shall do everything that
may be necessary to secure such rights, including the execution of such
documents necessary to enable the corporation effectively to bring suit to
enforce such rights.
SECTION 8.10 NO DUPLICATION OF PAYMENTS.
The corporation shall not be liable under this Article to make
any payment in connection with any claim made against the Agent to the extent
the Agent has otherwise actually received payment (under any insurance policy,
agreement, vote, or otherwise) of the amounts otherwise indemnifiable hereunder.
ARTICLE IX
AMENDMENTS
SECTION 9.1 POWER OF STOCKHOLDERS.
New bylaws may be adopted or these Bylaws may be amended or
repealed by the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares
entitled to vote, or by the written assent of stockholders entitled to vote such
shares, except as otherwise provided by law or by the Certificate of
Incorporation.
SECTION 9.2 POWER OF DIRECTORS.
Subject to the right of stockholders as provided in Section 9.1
of this Article IX to adopt, amend or repeal these Bylaws, these Bylaws (other
than a bylaw or amendment thereof providing for the approval by the Board,
acting alone, of a loan or guarantee to any officer or an employee benefit plan
providing for the same) may be adopted, amended or repealed by the Board of
Directors; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may adopt a bylaw or
amendment thereof changing the authorized number of directors only for the
purpose of fixing the exact number of directors within the limits specified in
the Certificate of Incorporation or in Section 3.2 of these Bylaws.
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ARTICLE X
DEFINITIONS
Unless the context otherwise requires, the general provisions,
rules of construction and definitions contained in the General Corporation Law
of Delaware as amended from time to time shall govern the construction of these
Bylaws. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the masculine gender
includes the feminine and neuter, the singular number includes the plural and
the plural number includes the singular, and the term "person" includes a
corporation as well as a natural person.
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CERTIFICATE OF SECRETARY
The undersigned, Secretary of Alliance Fiber Optic Products
(Delaware), Inc., a Delaware corporation, hereby certifies that the foregoing is
a full, true and correct copy of the Bylaws of the corporation with all
amendments to date of this Certificate.
WITNESS the signature of the undersigned this ____ day of
October, 2000.
------------------------------------
Peter C. Chang, Secretary
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