TEXAS NEW MEXICO POWER CO
8-K, 1998-10-09
ELECTRIC SERVICES
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                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

                             Washington, D.C. 20549

                                   ----------

                                    FORM 8-K

                                 CURRENT REPORT

                     Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
                         Securities Exchange Act of 1934


     Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported) October 9, 1998
                                                     --------------------  

                              TNP ENTERPRISES, INC.
               (Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)

                                      Texas
                 (State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation)

             1-8847                      75-1907501
           (Commission File Number) (IRS Employer Identification No.)

        4100 International Plaza, P.O. Box 2943, Fort Worth, Texas 76113
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                    (Address of Principal Executive Offices)

       Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (817) 731-0099
                                                   ---------------------------




                         TEXAS-NEW MEXICO POWER COMPANY
               (Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)

                                      Texas
                 (State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation)

                       2-97230               75-0204070
           (Commission File Number)       (IRS Employer Identification No.)

        4100 International Plaza, P.O. Box 2943, Fort Worth, Texas 76113
       ------------------------------------------------------------------
                    (Address of Principal Executive Offices)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code:        (817) 731-0099
                                                  ----------------------------


          ------------------------------------------------------------
          (Former name or former address, if changed since last report)


<PAGE>


Item 5.  Other Events.
     On August 11, 1998,  the Board of Directors of TNP  Enterprises,  Inc. (the
"Company")  extended  and amended  the  Company's  shareholder  rights plan (the
"Rights Plan")  originally  adopted in 1988, which was due to expire on November
4, 1998. 
         On September 21, 1998,  the Company  mailed a description of the Rights
Plan, as amended,  to its shareholders and issued a press release describing the
Rights  Plan,  as  amended.   The  information   contained  in  the  message  to
shareholders  and the press  release are filed  herewith  as Exhibits  99(a) and
99(b), respectively, and are incorporated herein by reference.

Item 7.  Exhibits.

10     Amended and Restated Rights Agreement between TNP Enterprises, Inc. and
       The Bank of New York, as Rights Agent, dated August 11, 1998.
99(a)  Description  of  Shareholder  Rights  Agreement  provided to Company
       Shareholders.
99(b)  Press Release dated September 21, 1998.


                                   SIGNATURES

         Pursuant to the  requirements  of the Securities  Exchange Act of 1934,
the  registrant  has duly  caused  this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned hereunto duly authorized.


                                                     TNP ENTERPRISES, INC.
                                                     (Registrant)



Date:  October 9, 1998                               By:  /s/ Paul W. Talbot
                                                         -----------------------
                                                          Paul W. Talbot
                                                          Secretary







                              TNP ENTERPRISES, INC.

                                       and

                              THE BANK OF NEW YORK

                                  Rights Agent




                      Amended and Restated Rights Agreement

                           Dated as of August 11, 1998




<PAGE>




                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION                                                                    PAGE

Section 1.        Certain Definitions........................................1

Section 2.        Appointment of Rights Agent................................6

Section 3.        Issuance of Rights Certificates............................6
         (a)      Distribution Date; Rights Certificates.....................6
         (b)      Common Stock Certificates; Summary of Rights...............7
         (c)      Legend.....................................................7

Section 4.        Form of Rights Certificates................................8
         (a)      Form; Date.................................................8
         (b)      Acquiring Person Legend....................................8

Section 5.        Countersignature and Registration..........................9
         (a)      Signatures.................................................9
         (b)      Registration and Transfer..................................9

Section 6.        Transfer, Split Up, Combination and Exchange of Rights
                  Certificates; Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Rights
                  Certificates..............................................10
         (a)      Procedure.................................................10
         (b)      Issuance of New Rights Certificates.......................10

Section 7.        Exercise of Rights; Purchase Price; Expiration Date of 
                  Rights....................................................10
         (a)      Exercise..................................................10
         (b)      Purchase Price ...........................................11
         (c)      Rights Agent Actions......................................11
         (d)      Partial Exercise..........................................12
         (e)      Termination of Acquiring Person's Rights..................12
         (f)      Surrender of Rights Certificates; Identity of Beneficial 
                  Owner.....................................................12

Section 8.        Cancellation and Disposition of Rights Certificates.......12

Section 9.        Reservation and Availability of Capital Stock.............13
         (a)      Reservation of Capital Stock.  ...........................13
         (b)      Listing.  ................................................13
         (c)      Registration under the Act.  .............................13
         (d)      Covenant Regarding Capital Stock.  .......................14
         (e)      Transfer Taxes and Charges.  .............................14

Section 10.       Common Stock Record Date..................................14

Section 11.       Adjustment of Purchase Price; Number and Kind of Shares
                  or Number of Rights.......................................14
         (a)      Certain Adjustments.......................................15
         (b)      Purchase Price Adjustment-- Capital Stock.................18
         (c)      Purchase Price Adjustment-- Cash, Assets, etc.............19
         (d)      Current Market Price......................................19
         (e)      Purchase Price Adjustment Threshold.......................20
         (f)      Equivalent Adjustments....................................20
         (g)      Post-Adjustment Rights Issuances..........................20
         (h)      Common Stock Anti-Dilution................................21
         (i)      Adjustment of Number of Rights.  .........................21
         (j)      Rights Certificates. .....................................21
         (k)      Adjustment Below Par Value................................22
         (l)      Adjustment Effective as of Future Date; Exercise.  .......22
         (m)      Tax Adjustments...........................................22
         (n)      Restriction on Certain Transactions.......................22
         (o)      Restriction Against Diminishing Benefits of the Rights....23
         (p)      Common Stock Adjustments..................................23

Section 12.       Certificate of Adjusted Purchase Price or Number of 
                  Shares....................................................23

Section 13.       Consolidation, Merger or Sale or Transfer of Assets
                  or Earning Power..........................................23
         (a)      Flip-over Event...........................................23
         (b)      Principal Party...........................................25
         (c)      Supplemental Agreement....................................25
         (d)      Exceptions................................................26

Section 14.       Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares...................26
         (a)      Fractional Rights.........................................26
         (b)      Fractional Shares of Common Stock.........................27
         (c)      Waiver of Fractional Rights and Shares....................27

Section 15.       Rights of Action..........................................27

Section 16.       Agreement of Rights Holders...............................27

Section 17.       Rights Certificate Holder Not Deemed a Shareholder........28

Section 18.       Concerning the Rights Agent...............................29
         (a)      Compensation.  ...........................................29
         (b)      Reliance.  ...............................................29

Section 19.       Merger or Consolidation or Change of Name of Rights Agent.29
         (a)      Successor.................................................29
         (b)      Prior Countersignatures...................................30

Section 20.       Duties of Rights Agent....................................30
         (a)      Legal Counsel.............................................30
         (b)      Certification by the Company..............................30
         (c)      Liability for Negligence, etc.............................30
         (d)      Statements of Fact or Recitals............................30
         (e)      Agreement; Adjustments....................................30
         (f)      Further Assurances........................................31
         (g)      Instructions..............................................31
         (h)      Dealing in Rights.........................................31
         (i)      Agents; Reasonable Care...................................31
         (j)      Expenses; Repayment Assurances............................32
         (k)      Exercise of Rights; Consultation with Company ............32

Section 21.       Change of Rights Agent....................................32

Section 22.       Issuance of New Rights Certificates.......................33

Section 23.       Redemption and Termination................................33
         (a)      Redemption.  .............................................33
         (b)      Effect of Redemption; Procedure...........................34

Section 24.       Exchange..................................................34
         (a)      Right to Exchange.........................................34
         (b)      Effect of Exchange; Procedure.............................34
         (c)      Common Stock Equivalents..................................35
         (d)      Insufficient Common Stock.................................35
         (e)      Fractional Shares.........................................35

Section 25.       Notice of Certain Events..................................35
         (a)      Common Stock Transactions, etc. ..........................35
         (b)      Other Transactions........................................36

Section 26.       Notices...................................................36

Section 27.       Supplements and Amendments................................37

Section 28.       Successors................................................38

Section 29.       Determinations and Actions by the Board of Directors, etc.38

Section 30.       Benefits of this Agreement................................38

Section 31.       Severability..............................................38

Section 32.       Governing Law.............................................39

Section 33.       Counterparts..............................................39

Section 34.       Descriptive Headings......................................39

Exhibit 1         Form of Rights Certificate................................41

Exhibit 2         Letter to Shareholders....................................49

Exhibit 3         Press Release - "TNP ENTERPRISES, INC. Adopts Shareholder
                  Rights Plan," dated August 11, 1998.......................54



<PAGE>






                      AMENDED AND RESTATED RIGHTS AGREEMENT

         AMENDED AND RESTATED RIGHTS AGREEMENT, dated as of August 11, 1998 (the
"Effective  Date"),  between TNP  Enterprises,  Inc., a Texas  corporation  (the
"Company"), and The Bank of New York (the "Rights Agent").

                                    RECITALS

         On October 24, 1988 (the "Rights Dividend Declaration Date"), the Board
of Directors of the Company  authorized and declared a dividend  distribution of
one right (a "Right") for each share of Common Stock (as hereinafter defined) of
the  Company  outstanding  at the close of  business  on  November  4, 1988 (the
"Record Date"), and has authorized the issuance of one Right (as such number may
hereafter be adjusted pursuant to the provisions of Section 11(p) (Adjustment of
Purchase  Price;  Number and Kind of Shares or Number of Rights -- Common  Stock
Adjustments))  for each share of Common Stock of the Company  issued between the
Record Date (whether originally issued or delivered from the Company's treasury)
and the  Distribution  Date,  each  Right  initially  representing  the right to
purchase one share of Common Stock, upon the terms and subject to the conditions
set forth in that certain Rights Agreement,  dated as of October 24, 1988 and as
amended  November 13, 1990 (the "Rights  Agreement),  by and between the Company
and Team Bank.

         Pursuant  to the terms of the Rights  Agreement,  the Rights may not be
exercised  on or after the Close of Business  on November 4, 1998.  As a result,
the  protections  afforded to the Company  and the  shareholders  of the Company
under the  Rights  Agreement  will no  longer  be  available  after  such  date.
Accordingly,  on August 11, 1998, the Board of Directors  determined it to be in
the best  interests  of the  Company  and its  shareholders  to amend the Rights
Agreement  to extend  its term for a period  of ten years  from the date of this
Agreement and to make certain other changes to the terms of the Rights Agreement
as set forth below.

                                    AGREEMENT

         In consideration of the premises and the mutual  agreements  herein set
forth, the parties hereby agree as follows:

     Section  1.  Certain  Definitions.  For  purposes  of this  Agreement,  the
following terms have the meanings indicated:

                  (a)  "Acquiring  Person"  shall  mean any Person who or which,
together  with  all  Affiliates  and  Associates  of such  Person,  shall be the
Beneficial  Owner (as such term is  hereinafter  defined)  of 10% or more of the
shares of Common Stock then outstanding,  but shall not include (i) the Company,
(ii) any  Subsidiary  of the  Company,  (iii) any  employee  benefit plan of the
Company or of any Subsidiary of the Company,  or any Person or entity organized,
appointed or established by the Company for or pursuant to the terms of any such
plan or (iv) any Person who becomes an Acquiring  Person solely as a result of a
reduction  in the  number  of  shares of  Common  Stock  outstanding  due to the
repurchase  of shares of Common  Stock by the  Company,  unless  and until  such
Person shall purchase or otherwise  become (as a result of actions taken by such
Person or its  Affiliates  or  Associates)  the  Beneficial  Owner of additional
shares of Common Stock constituting 1% or more of the then outstanding shares of
Common Stock;  provided,  however,  that if a Person shall become the Beneficial
Owner of 10% or more of the Common  Stock of the  Company  then  outstanding  by
reason  of  share  repurchases  by the  Company  and  shall,  after  such  share
repurchases by the Company, become the Beneficial Owner of any additional Common
Stock of the  Company,  then such  Person  shall be  deemed to be an  "Acquiring
Person,"  unless upon the  consummation  of the  acquisition of such  additional
shares of Common Stock such Person does not  beneficially own 10% or more of the
shares of Common Stock then outstanding.  Notwithstanding the foregoing,  if the
Board of  Directors  of the Company  determines  in good faith that a Person who
would  otherwise be an Acquiring  Person,  as defined  pursuant to the foregoing
provisions of this paragraph, has become such inadvertently (including,  without
limitation,  because (i) such Person was unaware  that it  beneficially  owned a
percentage  of Common  Stock that  would  otherwise  cause such  Person to be an
Acquiring  Person, or (ii) such Person was aware of the extent of its Beneficial
Ownership of Common Stock but had no actual  knowledge  of the  consequences  of
such  Beneficial  Ownership  under this  Agreement) and without any intention of
changing or  influencing  control of the  Company,  and such  Person  divests as
promptly as  practicable  a sufficient  number of shares of Common Stock so that
such Person  would no longer be an Acquiring  Person as defined  pursuant to the
foregoing provisions of this paragraph,  then such Person shall not be deemed to
be or to have become an Acquiring Person for any purposes of this Agreement.

          (b) "Act" shall mean the  Securities  Act of 1933, as amended and in
effect from time to time.

          (c)  "Adjustment  Shares"  shall have the meaning set forth in
Section  11(a)(ii)  (Adjustment of Purchase Price;  Number and Kind of Shares or
Number of Rights -- Certain Adjustments)

          (d)  "Affiliate"  and  "Associate"  shall have the  respective
meanings  ascribed  to such  terms  in  Rule  12b-2  of the  General  Rules  and
Regulations under the Exchange Act.

          (e)  "Agreement"  shall mean this Amended and Restated  Rights
Agreement as originally  executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented
or amended pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof.

          (f) A Person shall be deemed the "Beneficial Owner" of, and shall be 
deemed to "beneficially own," any securities: 

               (i)   which such Person or any of such Person's  Affiliates or
     Associates,  directly or indirectly, has the right to acquire (whether such
right is exercisable  immediately or only after the passage of time) pursuant to
any agreement,  arrangement or understanding (whether or not in writing) or upon
the exercise of conversion rights, exchange rights, rights, warrants or options,
or otherwise;  provided,  however, that a Person shall not, for purposes of this
paragraph (i), be deemed the "Beneficial Owner" of or to "beneficially own," (A)
securities  tendered  pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made by such Person
or any of such Person's  Affiliates or Associates until such tendered securities
are accepted for purchase or exchange,  or (B) securities issuable upon exercise
of Rights at any time prior to the  occurrence  of a  Triggering  Event,  or (C)
securities  issuable upon exercise of Rights from and after the  occurrence of a
Triggering  Event,  which  Rights  were  acquired  by such Person or any of such
Person's  Affiliates or Associates prior to the Distribution Date or pursuant to
Section 3(a)  (Issuance Of Rights  Certificates  --  Distribution  Date;  Rights
Certificates) or Section 22 (Issuance Of New Rights Certificates) (the "Original
Rights") or pursuant to Section 11(i) (Adjustment of Purchase Price;  Number and
Kind of  Shares  or Number of  Rights  --  Adjustment  of Number of  Rights)  in
connection with an adjustment made with respect to any Original Rights;

               (ii)     which such Person or any of such Person's Affiliates or
     Associates,  directly or indirectly, has the right to vote or dispose of or
has  "beneficial  ownership"  of (as  determined  pursuant  to Rule 13d-3 of the
General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act), including pursuant to any
agreement,  arrangement or understanding,  whether or not in writing;  provided,
however,  that a Person  shall not be deemed  the  "Beneficial  Owner" of, or to
"beneficially  own," any security under this subparagraph (ii) as a result of an
agreement, arrangement or understanding to vote such security if such agreement,
arrangement or understanding:  (A) arises solely from a revocable proxy given in
response to a public  proxy or consent  solicitation  made  pursuant  to, and in
accordance with, the applicable  provisions of the General Rules and Regulations
under the Exchange Act, and (B) is not also then  reportable by such Person on a
Schedule 13D under the Exchange Act (or any comparable or successor report); or

               (iii)    which are "beneficially owned," directly or indirectly,
     by any other Person (or any Affiliate or Associate thereof) with which such
Person (or any of such Person's  Affiliates or  Associates)  has any  agreement,
arrangement  or  understanding  (whether or not in writing),  for the purpose of
acquiring, holding, voting (except pursuant to a revocable proxy as described in
the proviso to  subparagraph  (ii) of this  paragraph  (f)) or  disposing of any
voting securities of the Company;

PROVIDED,  HOWEVER,  that  nothing in this  paragraph  (f) shall  cause a Person
engaged in business as an underwriter of securities to be the "Beneficial Owner"
of or to  "beneficially  own," any  securities  acquired  through such  Person's
participation  in  good  faith  in a  firm  commitment  underwriting  until  the
expiration of forty (40) calendar days after the date of such acquisition.

          (g) "Board" means the Board of Directors of the Company.

          (h) "Business Day" shall mean any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or
a day on  which  banking  institutions  in the  State  of  Texas or New York are
authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.

          (i) "Close of  Business"  on any given date shall mean 5:00 P.M.,  New
York time, on such date; provided,  however, that if such date is not a Business
Day it shall mean 5:00 P.M., New York time, on the next succeeding Business Day.

          (j)  "Common  Stock"  shall  mean the common  stock,  no par value per
share,  of the Company,  except that "Common  Stock" when used with reference to
any Person  other than the Company  shall mean the capital  stock of such Person
with the  greatest  voting  power,  or the  equity  securities  or other  equity
interest having power to control or direct the management, of such Person.

          (k)  "Common  Stock  Equivalents"  shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 11(a)(iii)  (Adjustment of Purchase Price;  Number and Kind of Shares or
Number of Rights -- Certain Adjustments).

          (l)  "Company"  shall mean the Person  named as the  "Company"  in the
first  paragraph  of this  Agreement  until a successor  corporation  shall have
become such, or until a Principal  Party shall assume,  and thereafter be liable
for,  all  obligations  and duties of the  Company  hereunder,  pursuant  to the
applicable  provisions of this  Agreement,  and thereafter  "Company" shall mean
such successor corporation or Principal Party.

          (m) "Current Market Price" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
11(d)  (Adjustment  of  Purchase  Price;  Number and Kind of Shares or Number of
Rights -- Current Market Price).

          (n)  "Current  Value"  shall  have the  meaning  set forth in  Section
11(a)(iii) (Adjustment of Purchase Price; Number and Kind of Shares or Number of
Rights -- Certain Adjustments).

          (o) "Disinterested  Director" shall mean (i) any member of the Board,
     while such Person is a member of the Board, who is not an Acquiring Person,
or an Affiliate or Associate of an  Acquiring  Person,  or a  representative  or
nominee of an Acquiring Person or of any such Affiliate or Associate,  and was a
member of the Board prior to the date of this Agreement,  or (ii) any Person who
subsequently becomes a member of the Board, while such Person is a member of the
Board,  who is not an  Acquiring  Person,  or an  Affiliate  or  Associate of an
Acquiring  Person,  or a representative  or nominee of an Acquiring Person or of
any such  Affiliate or Associate,  if such Person's  nomination  for election or
election  to  the  Board  is  recommended  or  approved  by a  majority  of  the
Disinterested Directors.

          (p)  "Distribution  Date"  shall have the meaning set forth in Section
3(a)   (Issuance  of  Rights   Certificates   --   Distribution   Date;   Rights
Certificates).

          (q)  "Effective Date" shall have the meaning set forth  in the  first
paragraph of this Agreement.

          (r) "Exchange Act" shall mean the Securities  Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended and in effect on the date of this Agreement.

          (s) "Exchange  Number" shall mean one-half of the number of shares of
Common  Stock or shares or other  units of other  property  for which a Right is
exercisable immediately prior to the time of the action of the Board to exchange
the Rights.

          (t)  "Expiration  Date"  shall have the  meaning set forth in Section
7(a)  (Exercise  of  Rights;  Purchase  Price;  Expiration  Date  of  Rights  --
Exercise).
          (u) "Final Expiration Date" shall mean the Close of Business on August
11,  2008. 

          (v)  "Flip-in  Event"  shall  mean  any  event  described  in  Section
11(a)(ii)  (Adjustment of Purchase Price; Number and Kind of Shares or Number of
Rights -- Certain Adjustments).

          (w) "Flip-in Trigger Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
11(a)(iii) (Adjustment of Purchase Price; Number and Kind of Shares or Number of
Rights -- Certain Adjustments).

          (x) "Flip-over  Event" shall mean any event  described in clauses (x),
(y) or (z) of Section 13(a) (Consolidation, Merger or Sale or Transfer of Assets
or Earning Power -- Flip-over Event).

          (y)  "Original  Rights"  shall have the  meaning  set forth in Section
1(f)(i) (Certain Definitions).

          (z) "Person" shall mean any individual, firm, corporation, partnership
or other entity.

          (aa)  "Principal  Party"  shall have the  meaning set forth in Section
13(b)  (Consolidation,  Merger or Sale or Transfer of Assets or Earning Power --
Principal Party).

          (bb) "Purchase Price" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(a)
(Form of Rights Certificates -- Form; Date).

          (cc)  "Qualified  Offer"  shall have the  meaning set forth in Section
11(a)(ii)(A).

          (dd) "Record Date" shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals at
the beginning of the Agreement.

          (ee)  "Redemption  Date"  shall have the  meaning set forth in Section
23(a) (Redemption and Termination -- Redemption).

          (ff)  "Redemption  Price"  shall have the meaning set forth in Section
23(a) (Redemption and Termination -- Redemption).

          (ff) "Rights"  shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals at the
beginning of the Agreement.

          (hh) "Rights  Agent" shall mean the Person named as the "Rights Agent"
in the first  paragraph of this Agreement  until a successor  Rights Agent shall
have become such pursuant to the  applicable  provisions  hereof and  thereafter
"Rights Agent" shall mean such successor  Rights Agent.  If at any time there is
more than one Person  appointed by the Company as Rights  Agent  pursuant to the
applicable  provisions of this Agreement,  "Rights Agent" shall mean and include
each such Person.

          (ii) "Rights Certificates" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
3(a)   (Issuance  of  Rights   Certificates   --   Distribution   Date;   Rights
Certificates).

          (jj)  "Rights  Dividend  Declaration  Date" shall have the meaning set
forth in the Recitals at the beginning of the Agreement.

          (kk) "Spread"  shall have the meaning set forth in Section  11(a)(iii)
(Adjustment of Purchase Price;  Number and Kind of Shares or Number of Rights --
Certain Adjustments).

          (ll)  "Stock  Acquisition  Date"  shall  mean the first date of public
announcement  (which,  for purposes of this definition,  shall include,  without
limitation,  a report  filed or  amended  pursuant  to Section  13(d)  under the
Exchange Act) by the Company or an Acquiring Person that an Acquiring Person has
become such other than pursuant to a Qualified Offer.

          (mm)  "Subsidiary"  shall mean,  with  reference  to any  Person,  any
corporation or other entity of which an amount of voting  securities  sufficient
to elect at least a majority of the directors of such  corporation  or entity is
beneficially  owned,  directly  or  indirectly,  by such  Person,  or  otherwise
controlled by such Person.

          (nn) "Substitution Period" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
11(a)(iii) (Adjustment of Purchase Price; Number and Kind of Shares or Number of
Rights -- Certain Adjustments).

          (oo)  "Trading  Day"  shall  have the  meaning  set  forth in  Section
11(d)(i)  (Adjustment of Purchase Price;  Number and Kind of Shares or Number of
Rights -- Current Market Price).

          (pp) "Triggering  Event" shall mean any Flip-in Event or any Flip-over
Event.

         Section 2. Appointment of Rights Agent. The Company hereby appoints the
Rights Agent to act as agent for the Company and the holders of the Rights (who,
in accordance with Section 3 hereof,  shall prior to the Distribution  Date also
be the holders of the Common Stock) in accordance  with the terms and conditions
hereof,  and the Rights Agent hereby accepts such  appointment.  The Company may
from time to time  appoint  such  Co-Rights  Agents as it may deem  necessary or
desirable.

         Section 3. Issuance of Rights Certificates.

          (a) Distribution Date; Rights  Certificates.  Until the earlier of (i)
the Close of Business on the tenth Business Day after the Stock Acquisition Date
or (ii) the Close of Business on the tenth  Business  Day (or such later date as
the Board shall  determine prior to such time as any Person becomes an Acquiring
Person) after the date that a tender or exchange offer by any Person (other than
the Company,  any  Subsidiary of the Company,  any employee  benefit plan of the
Company or of any Subsidiary of the Company,  or any Person or entity organized,
appointed or established by the Company for or pursuant to the terms of any such
plan) is first published or sent or given within the meaning of Rule 14d-2(a) of
the General Rules and Regulations  under the Exchange Act, if upon  consummation
thereof such Person would be the  Beneficial  Owner of 10% or more of the shares
of Common  Stock then  outstanding  (the  earlier  of (i) and (ii) being  herein
referred  to as the  "Distribution  Date"),  (x) the  Rights  will be  evidenced
(subject  to  the  provisions  of  paragraph  (b)  of  this  Section  3) by  the
certificates  for the Common Stock registered in the names of the holders of the
Common  Stock  (which  certificates  for Common Stock shall be deemed also to be
certificates  for Rights) and not by separate  certificates,  and (y) the Rights
will be  transferable  only in  connection  with the transfer of the  underlying
shares of Common Stock (including a transfer to the Company,  except pursuant to
the  provisions  of  Section  23  (Redemption  and  Termination)).  As  soon  as
practicable  after the Distribution  Date, the Rights Agent will, at the expense
of the Company, send by first-class, postage prepaid mail, to each record holder
of the Common Stock as of the Close of Business on the Distribution Date, at the
address of such holder shown on the records of the  Company,  one or more rights
certificates,  in  substantially  the  form of  Exhibit  1 hereto  (the  "Rights
Certificates"),  evidencing  one Right for each  share of Common  Stock so held,
subject to adjustment as provided herein. In the event that an adjustment in the
number of Rights  per share of Common  Stock has been made  pursuant  to Section
11(p)  (Adjustment  of  Purchase  Price;  Number and Kind of Shares or Number of
Rights -- Common Stock  Adjustments)  at the time of  distribution of the Rights
Certificates,  the Company  shall make the necessary  and  appropriate  rounding
adjustments (in accordance with Section 14(a) (Fractional  Rights and Fractional
Shares --  Fractional  Rights)) so that Rights  Certificates  representing  only
whole  numbers  of  Rights  are  distributed  and  cash  is  paid in lieu of any
fractional  Rights.  As of and after the  Distribution  Date, the Rights will be
evidenced solely by such Rights Certificates.

          (b)  Common  Stock  Certificates;  Summary  of  Rights.  Prior  to the
Distribution  Date,  the Rights as  provided  herein will be  evidenced  by such
certificates for the Common Stock and the registered holders of the Common Stock
shall  also be the  registered  holders  of such  associated  Rights.  Until the
earlier of the  Distribution  Date or the  Expiration  Date, the transfer of any
certificates representing shares of Common Stock in respect of which Rights have
been issued shall also  constitute  the transfer of the Rights  associated  with
such shares of Common Stock.  On the Effective  Date, or as soon as  practicable
thereafter,  the  Company  will send a copy of a Summary  of Rights to  Purchase
Common  Stock,  in  substantially  the form of Exhibit 2 hereto (the "Summary of
Rights"), by first-class,  postage-prepaid mail, to each record holder of shares
of Common  Stock,  at the  address of such  holder  shown on the  records of the
Company.

          (c) Legend.  Rights shall be issued in respect of all certificates for
shares of Common Stock which are issued (whether  originally  issued or from the
Company's  treasury)  after the Record Date but prior to the earliest of the (i)
Distribution Date, (ii) the Expiration Date, or (iii) the Effective Date, or, in
certain   circumstances   provided  in  Section  22   (Issuance  of  New  Rights
Certificates) after the Distribution Date. Certificates representing such shares
of Common Stock shall also be deemed to be  certificates  for Rights,  and shall
bear the following legend:

     This  certificate  also evidences and entitles the holder hereof to certain
     Rights as set forth in the Amended and Restated  Rights  Agreement dated as
     of August 11, 1998, by and between TNP  Enterprises,  Inc. (the  "Company")
     and The Bank of New York, as Rights Agent (the "Amended and Restated Rights
     Agreement"), the terms of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference
     and a copy of which is on file at the  principal  offices  of the  Company.
     Under  certain  circumstances,  as set forth in the  Amended  and  Restated
     Rights  Agreement,  such Rights will be evidenced by separate  certificates
     and will no longer be evidenced by this certificate.  The Company will mail
     to the holder of this certificate a copy of the Amended and Restated Rights
     Agreement,  as in effect on the date of mailing,  without  charge  promptly
     after receipt of a written request  therefor.  Under certain  circumstances
     set forth in the Amended and Restated Rights  Agreement,  Rights issued to,
     or held by, any Person  who is, was or becomes an  Acquiring  Person or any
     Affiliate  or  Associate  thereof (as such terms are defined in the Amended
     and Restated Rights  Agreement),  whether currently held by or on behalf of
     such Person or by any subsequent holder, may become null and void.

With respect to such  certificates  containing the foregoing  legend,  until the
earliest of (i) the  Distribution  Date, (ii) the Expiration Date, and (iii) the
Redemption Date, (x) the Rights  associated with the Common Stock represented by
such  certificates  shall  be  evidenced  by such  certificates  alone,  (y) the
registered  holders of such Common Stock shall also be the registered holders of
the associated  Rights,  and (z) the transfer of any of such certificates  shall
also constitute the transfer of the Rights associated with such shares of Common
Stock. In the event that the Company purchases, or acquires any shares of Common
Stock  after the  Record  Date but prior to the  Distribution  Date,  any rights
associated with such shares of Common Stock shall be deemed canceled and retired
so that the Company shall not be entitled to exercise any Rights associated with
shares of Common Stock which are no longer outstanding.

         Section 4.        Form of Rights Certificates.

          (a) Form; Date. The Rights  Certificates (and the forms of election to
purchase and of assignment to be printed on the reverse  thereof)  shall each be
substantially  in the form set forth in Exhibit 1 hereto and may have such marks
of  identification  or designation  and such legends,  summaries or endorsements
printed thereon as the Company may deem  appropriate and as are not inconsistent
with the provisions of this Agreement,  or as may be required to comply with any
applicable law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant  thereto or with any
rule or  regulation  of any stock  exchange on which the Rights may from time to
time be listed or any  securities  association  on whose  interdealer  quotation
system the  Rights  may be from time to time  authorized  for  quotation,  or to
conform  to usage.  Subject to the  provisions  of  Section  11  (Adjustment  of
Purchase  Price;  Number and Kind of Shares or Number of Rights)  and Section 22
(Issuance  of  New  Rights  Certificates),  the  Rights  Certificates,  whenever
distributed,  shall be  dated as of the  Record  Date  and on their  face  shall
entitle the holders thereof to purchase such number of shares of Common Stock as
shall be set forth therein at the price set forth therein (such  exercise  price
per share is referred  to herein as the  "Purchase  Price"),  but the amount and
type of securities  purchasable upon the exercise of each Right and the Purchase
Price thereof shall be subject to adjustment as provided herein.

          (b) Acquiring Person Legend. Any Rights Certificate issued pursuant to
Section 3(a)  (Issuance of Rights  Certificates  --  Distribution  Date;  Rights
Certificates)  or  Section  22  (Issuance  of  New  Rights   Certificates)  that
represents Rights beneficially owned by (i) an Acquiring Person or any Associate
or Affiliate of an Acquiring  Person,  (ii) a transferee of an Acquiring  Person
(or of any such  Associate  or  Affiliate)  who becomes a  transferee  after the
Acquiring  Person becomes such, or (iii) a transferee of an Acquiring Person (or
of any such  Associate  or  Affiliate)  who  becomes  a  transferee  prior to or
concurrently  with the Acquiring  Person  becoming such and receives such Rights
pursuant to either (A) a transfer  (whether or not for  consideration)  from the
Acquiring  Person to holders of equity  interests in such Acquiring Person or to
any  Person  with whom  such  Acquiring  Person  has any  continuing  agreement,
arrangement or understanding  regarding the transferred Rights or (B) a transfer
which the Board has determined is part of a plan,  arrangement or  understanding
which has as a primary purpose or effect  avoidance of Section 7(e) (Exercise of
Rights;  Purchase  Price;  Expiration Date of Rights -- Termination of Acquiring
Person's  Rights)  and any  Rights  Certificate  issued  pursuant  to  Section 6
(Transfer, Split Up, Combination and Exchange of Rights Certificates; Mutilated,
Destroyed,  Lost or Stolen  Rights  Certificates),  Section  11  (Adjustment  of
Purchase  Price;  Number  and Kind of Shares or Number of  Rights) or Section 22
(Issuance of New Rights  Certificates) upon transfer,  exchange,  replacement or
adjustment of any other Rights Certificate  referred to in this sentence,  shall
contain (to the extent feasible) the following legend:

The  Rights  represented  by this Rights  Certificate  are or were  beneficially
     owned by a Person who was or became an Acquiring  Person or an Affiliate or
     Associate of an Acquiring  Person (as such terms are defined in the Amended
     and Restated  Rights  Agreement dated as of August 11, 1998, by and between
     TNP  Enterprises,  Inc.  and  The  Bank  of New  York,  as  Rights  Agent).
     Accordingly,  this Rights Certificate and the Rights represented hereby may
     become  null  and  void in the  circumstances  specified  in  Section  7(e)
     (Exercise  of  Rights;   Purchase  Price;  Expiration  Date  of  Rights  --
     Termination of Acquiring Person's Rights) of such Agreement.

         Section 5.        Countersignature and Registration.

          (a) Signatures. The Rights Certificates shall be executed on behalf of
the Company by its Chairman of the Board,  its President or any Vice  President,
either  manually or by facsimile  signature,  and shall have affixed thereto the
Company's  seal  or a  facsimile  thereof  which  shall  be  attested  to by the
Secretary  or an  Assistant  Secretary  of the  Company,  either  manually or by
facsimile  signature.  The Rights  Certificates  shall be  countersigned  by the
Rights Agent, either manually or by facsimile signature,  and shall not be valid
for any purpose unless so countersigned.  In case any officer of the Company who
shall have signed any of the Rights  Certificates shall cease to be such officer
of the Company  before  countersignature  by the Rights  Agent and  issuance and
delivery  by  the  Company,  such  Rights  Certificates,  nevertheless,  may  be
countersigned  by the Rights Agent and issued and  delivered by the Company with
the same  force  and  effect  as  though  the  person  who  signed  such  Rights
Certificates  had not ceased to be such officer of the  Company;  and any Rights
Certificates  may be signed on behalf of the  Company by any person  who, at the
actual  date of the  execution  of such  Rights  Certificate,  shall be a proper
officer of the Company to sign such Rights Certificate,  although at the date of
the execution of this Agreement any such person was not such an officer.

          (b)  Registration and Transfer.  Following the Distribution  Date, the
Rights Agent will keep or cause to be kept, at its  principal  office or offices
designated as the appropriate  place for surrender of Rights  Certificates  upon
exercise  or  transfer,  books  for  registration  and  transfer  of the  Rights
Certificates issued hereunder.  Such books shall show the names and addresses of
the  respective  holders  of the  Rights  Certificates,  the  number  of  Rights
evidenced on its face by each of the Rights Certificates and the date of each of
the Rights Certificates.

     Section  6.  Transfer,   Split  Up,  Combination  and  Exchange  of  Rights
Certificates; Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Rights Certificates.

          (a)  Procedure.  Subject to the  provisions  of Section  4(b) (Form of
Rights  Certificates  -- Acquiring  Person  Legend),  Section 7(e)  (Exercise of
Rights;  Purchase  Price;  Expiration Date of Rights -- Termination of Acquiring
Person's Rights) and Section 14 (Fractional  Rights and Fractional  Shares),  at
any time after the Close of Business on the  Distribution  Date, and at or prior
to the Close of Business  on the  Expiration  Date,  any Rights  Certificate  or
Certificates  may be  transferred,  split up,  combined or exchanged for another
Rights Certificate or Certificates,  entitling the registered holder to purchase
a like  number of shares of Common  Stock (or,  following  a  Triggering  Event,
Common Stock, other securities, cash or other assets, as the case may be) as the
Rights  Certificate  or  Certificates  surrendered  then entitle such holder (or
former  holder in the case of a transfer) to  purchase.  Any  registered  holder
desiring to transfer,  split up,  combine or exchange any Rights  Certificate or
Certificates  shall make such request in writing  delivered to the Rights Agent,
and shall  surrender the Rights  Certificate or  Certificates to be transferred,
split up, combined or exchanged at the principal office or offices of the Rights
Agent  designated  for such  purpose.  Neither the Rights  Agent nor the Company
shall be obligated to take any action whatsoever with respect to the transfer of
any such surrendered  Rights  Certificate until the registered holder shall have
completed and signed the certificate  contained in the form of assignment on the
reverse side of such Rights  Certificate and shall have provided such additional
evidence of the identity of the Beneficial Owner (or former Beneficial Owner) or
Affiliates  or  Associates  thereof as the  Company  shall  reasonably  request.
Thereupon,  the Rights Agent shall,  subject to Section  4(b),  Section 7(e) and
Section  14,  countersign  and deliver to the Person  entitled  thereto a Rights
Certificate  or Rights  Certificates,  as the case may be, as so requested.  The
Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or governmental
charge  that  may  be  imposed  in  connection  with  any  transfer,  split  up,
combination or exchange of Rights Certificates.

          (b) Issuance of New Rights  Certificates.  Upon receipt by the Company
and the Rights Agent of evidence  reasonably  satisfactory  to them of the loss,
theft, destruction or mutilation of a Rights Certificate,  and, in case of loss,
theft or destruction,  of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to them,
and reimbursement to the Company and the Rights Agent of all reasonable expenses
incidental  thereto,  and upon surrender to the Rights Agent and cancellation of
the Rights Certificate if mutilated,  the Company will execute and deliver a new
Rights  Certificate of like tenor to the Rights Agent for  countersignature  and
delivery  to the  registered  owner in lieu of the Rights  Certificate  so lost,
stolen, destroyed or mutilated.

     Section 7. Exercise of Rights; Purchase Price; Expiration Date of Rights.
  
          (a) Exercise.  Subject to Section 7(e)  (Exercise of Rights;  Purchase
Price;  Expiration Date of Rights -- Termination of Acquiring  Person's Rights),
at any time after the  Distribution  Date, the  registered  holder of any Rights
Certificate  may  exercise  the Rights  evidenced  thereby  (except as otherwise
provided   herein,   including,   without   limitation,   the   restrictions  on
exercisability  set forth in  Section  9(c)  (Reservation  and  Availability  of
Capital Stock -- Registration under the Act), Section 11(a)(iii)  (Adjustment of
Purchase  Price;  Number  and Kind of Shares  or  Number  of  Rights --  Certain
Adjustments),  Section 23(a)  (Redemption and  Termination --  Redemption),  and
Section 24(b) (Exchange -- Effect of Exchange; Procedure)), in whole or in part,
upon surrender of the Rights Certificate,  with the form of election to purchase
and the  certificate  on the reverse side thereof duly  executed,  to the Rights
Agent at the principal office or offices of the Rights Agent designated for such
purpose,  together with payment of the aggregate  Purchase Price with respect to
the total number of shares of Common Stock (or other  securities,  cash or other
assets,  as the  case  may be) as to  which  such  surrendered  Rights  are then
exercisable  and an amount equal to any applicable  transfer tax, at or prior to
the earliest of (i) the Final  Expiration  Date,  (ii) the  Redemption  Date, or
(iii) the  expiration of the Rights  pursuant to Section  13(d)  (Consolidation,
Merger or Sale or  Transfer  of  Assets or  Earning  Power --  Exceptions)  (the
earliest of (i),  (ii) and (iii)  being  herein  referred to as the  "Expiration
Date").  The payment of the Purchase Price and the  applicable  transfer tax, if
any (as such amount may be reduced pursuant to Section 11(a)(iii) (Adjustment of
Purchase  Price;  Number  and Kind of Shares  or  Number  of  Rights --  Certain
Adjustments)),  may be made (x) in cash,  (y) by  certified  bank  check or bank
draft payable to the order of the Company or (z) by delivery of a certificate or
certificates  (with appropriate stock powers executed in blank attached thereto)
evidencing a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the then  Purchase  Price
divided  by  the  closing  price  (as  determined   pursuant  to  Section  11(d)
(Adjustment of Purchase Price;  Number and Kind of Shares or Number of Rights --
Current Market Price)) per share of Common Stock on the Trading Day  immediately
preceding the date of such exercise.  In the event that the Company is obligated
to issue other  securities  (including  Common  Stock) of the Company,  pay cash
and/or  distribute  other property  pursuant to Section 11(a),  the Company will
make all arrangements necessary so that such other securities, cash and/or other
property  are  available  for  distribution  by the  Rights  Agent,  if and when
appropriate.  The Company  reserves the right to require prior to the occurrence
of a Triggering  Event that, upon any exercise of Rights,  a number of Rights be
exercised so that only whole shares of Common Stock would be issued.

          (b) Purchase Price.  The Purchase Price for each share of Common Stock
pursuant to the  exercise of a Right shall  initially  be $100.00,  and shall be
subject to adjustment from time to time as provided in Section 11 (Adjustment of
Purchase Price; Number and Kind of Shares or Number of Rights) and Section 13(a)
(Consolidation,  Merger  or Sale or  Transfer  of  Assets  or  Earning  Power --
Flip-over  Event) and shall be payable in accordance  with paragraph (a) of this
Section 7.

          (c)  Rights  Agent  Actions.  Upon  receipt  of a  Rights  Certificate
representing  exercisable Rights and the compliance by the holder of such Rights
Certificate  with  paragraph  (a) of this  Section  7, the Rights  Agent  shall,
subject  to  Section  20(k)  (Duties  of Rights  Agent --  Exercise  of  Rights;
Consultation  with Company),  thereupon  promptly (i) (A)  requisition  from any
transfer agent of the shares of Common Stock (or make  available,  if the Rights
Agent is the transfer agent for such shares)  certificates  for the total number
of shares of Common Stock to be  purchased  and the Company  hereby  irrevocably
authorizes its transfer  agent to comply with all such  requests,  or (B) if the
Company shall have elected to deposit the total number of shares of Common Stock
issuable  upon  exercise  of  the  Rights  hereunder  with a  depositary  agent,
requisition  from the depositary  agent depositary  receipts  representing  such
number  of  shares  of  Common  Stock  as are to be  purchased  (in  which  case
certificates  for the shares of Common Stock  represented by such receipts shall
be deposited by the transfer  agent with the  depositary  agent) and the Company
will direct the depositary  agent to comply with such request,  (ii) requisition
from the  Company the amount of cash,  if any, to be paid in lieu of  fractional
shares in accordance with Section 14 (Fractional Rights and Fractional  Shares),
(iii) after receipt of such certificates or depositary receipts,  cause the same
to be delivered to, or upon the order of, the  registered  holder of such Rights
Certificate,  registered  in such  name or  names as may be  designated  by such
holder,  and (iv) after receipt thereof,  deliver such cash, if any, to, or upon
the order of, the registered holder of such Rights Certificate.

          (d)  Partial  Exercise.  In case the  registered  holder of any Rights
Certificate  shall exercise less than all the Rights  evidenced  thereby,  a new
Rights  Certificate   evidencing  Rights  equivalent  to  the  Rights  remaining
unexercised  shall be issued by the Rights Agent and  delivered  to, or upon the
order of the registered  holder of such Rights  Certificate,  registered in such
name or names as may be designated by such holder,  subject to the provisions of
Section 14 (Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares).

          (e) Termination of Acquiring Person's Rights. Notwithstanding anything
in this  Agreement to the  contrary,  from and after the first  occurrence  of a
Flip-in Event, any Rights  beneficially  owned by (i) an Acquiring Person, or an
Associate or Affiliate of an Acquiring Person, (ii) a transferee of an Acquiring
Person (or of any such  Associate or Affiliate)  who becomes a transferee  after
the Acquiring  Person becomes such, or (iii) a transferee of an Acquiring Person
(or of any such  Associate or  Affiliate)  who becomes a transferee  prior to or
concurrently  with the Acquiring  Person  becoming such and receives such Rights
pursuant to either (A) a transfer  (whether or not for  consideration)  from the
Acquiring  Person to holders of equity  interests in such Acquiring Person or to
any  Person  with  whom  the  Acquiring  Person  has any  continuing  agreement,
arrangement or understanding  regarding the transferred Rights or (B) a transfer
which the Board has determined is part of a plan,  arrangement or  understanding
which has as a primary  purpose or effect the  avoidance of this  Section  7(e),
shall  become null and void  without  any  further  action and no holder of such
Rights shall have any rights  whatsoever  with  respect to such Rights,  whether
under any provision of this  Agreement or  otherwise.  The Company shall use all
reasonable  efforts  to ensure  that the  provisions  of this  Section  7(e) and
Section  4(b) (Form of Rights  Certificates  --  Acquiring  Person  Legend)  are
complied with, but shall have no liability to any holder of Rights  Certificates
or other  Person  as a result of its  failure  to make any  determinations  with
respect to an Acquiring Person or any of its respective  Affiliates,  Associates
or transferees hereunder.

          (f) Surrender of Rights  Certificates;  Identity of Beneficial  Owner.
Notwithstanding  anything in this Agreement to the contrary,  neither the Rights
Agent nor the Company shall be obligated to undertake any action with respect to
a registered  holder upon the occurrence of any purported  exercise as set forth
in this Section 7 unless such  registered  holder shall have (i)  completed  and
signed the  certificate  contained in the form of election to purchase set forth
on the reverse side of the Rights Certificate surrendered for such exercise, and
(ii) provided such additional  evidence of the identity of the Beneficial  Owner
(or former Beneficial Owner) or Affiliates or Associates  thereof as the Company
shall reasonably request.

         Section 8.  Cancellation  and Disposition of Rights  Certificates.  All
Rights Certificates surrendered for the purpose of exercise, transfer, split up,
combination  or  exchange  shall,  if  surrendered  to the Company or any of its
agents,  be delivered to the Rights Agent for  cancellation or in canceled form,
or, if surrendered  to the Rights Agent,  shall be canceled by it, and no Rights
Certificates  shall be issued in lieu thereof  except as expressly  permitted by
any of the provisions of this Agreement. The Company shall deliver to the Rights
Agent for cancellation and retirement,  and the Rights Agent shall so cancel and
retire,  any other  Rights  Certificate  purchased  or  acquired  by the Company
otherwise than upon the exercise thereof.  The Rights Agent shall dispose of all
canceled  Rights  Certificates  in  accordance  with its  regulations  and shall
deliver a certificate of such disposition thereof to the Company.

         Section 9.        Reservation and Availability of Capital Stock .

                  (a)  Reservation  of Capital  Stock.  The Company will use its
best efforts to reserve and keep  available out of its  authorized  and unissued
shares of Common  Stock the  number  of  shares  of Common  Stock  and/or  other
securities  that,  as provided in this  Agreement,  including  the rights of the
Company under Section 11(a)(iii)  (Adjustment of Purchase Price; Number and Kind
of Shares or Number of Rights -- Certain  Adjustments) to otherwise  fulfill its
obligations,  will  be  sufficient  to  permit  the  exercise  in  full  of  all
outstanding Rights.

                  (b) Listing.  So long as the shares of Common  Stock  issuable
and  deliverable  upon the  exercise of the Rights may be listed on any national
securities  exchange or authorized  for quotation on any  interdealer  quotation
system of any securities association,  the Company shall use its best efforts to
cause,  from and after such time as the Rights  become  exercisable,  all shares
reserved  for such  issuance  to be  listed on such  exchange  or quoted on such
system upon official notice of issuance upon such exercise.

                  (c) Registration under the Act. The Company shall use its best
efforts to (i) file,  as soon as  practicable  following the earliest date after
the  first  occurrence  of a  Flip-in  Event on which  the  consideration  to be
delivered  by the Company  upon  exercise of the Rights has been  determined  in
accordance with Section  11(a)(iii)  (Adjustment of Purchase  Price;  Number and
Kind of Shares or Number  of Rights --  Certain  Adjustments),  or as soon as is
required  by law  following  the  Distribution  Date,  as the  case  may  be,  a
registration  statement on an appropriate form under the Act with respect to the
securities purchasable upon exercise of the Rights, (ii) cause such registration
statement to become  effective  as soon as  practicable  after such filing,  and
(iii) cause such  registration  statement to remain effective (with a prospectus
at all times meeting the  requirements  of the Act) until the earlier of (A) the
date as of which the Rights are no longer  exercisable for such securities,  and
(B) the  Expiration  Date.  The  Company  will also  take such  action as may be
appropriate  under, or to ensure  compliance  with, the securities or "blue sky"
laws of the various states in connection with the  exercisability of the Rights.
The Company may temporarily  suspend,  for a period of time not to exceed ninety
(90) calendar days after the date set forth in clause (i) of the first  sentence
of this Section 9(c), the  exercisability  of the Rights in order to prepare and
file such  registration  statement and permit it to become  effective.  Upon any
such suspension,  the Company shall issue a public announcement stating that the
exercisability of the Rights has been temporarily suspended, as well as a public
announcement at such time as the suspension is no longer in effect. In addition,
if the  Company  shall  determine  that a  registration  statement  is  required
following  the  Distribution  Date,  the  Company  may  temporarily  suspend the
exercisability  of the Rights until such time as a  registration  statement  has
been declared effective.  Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the
contrary,  the  Rights  shall  not be  exercisable  in any  jurisdiction  if the
requisite  qualification in such jurisdiction shall not have been obtained,  the
exercise  thereof shall not be permitted under  applicable law or a registration
statement shall not have been declared effective.

                  (d) Covenant  Regarding  Capital Stock.  The Company will take
all such action as may be  necessary  to ensure that all shares of Common  Stock
(and,  following the occurrence of a Triggering Event, Common Stock and/or other
securities)  delivered upon exercise of Rights shall, at the time of delivery of
the certificates for such shares (subject to payment of the Purchase Price),  be
duly and validly authorized and issued and fully paid and nonassessable.

                  (e) Transfer Taxes and Charges.  The Company will pay when due
and payable any and all federal and state  transfer  taxes and charges which may
be payable in respect of the issuance or delivery of the Rights Certificates and
of any certificates for a number of shares of Common Stock (or other securities,
as the case may be) upon the exercise of Rights. The Company shall not, however,
be  required  to pay any  transfer  tax which may be  payable  in respect of any
transfer or  delivery  of Rights  Certificates  to a Person  other than,  or the
issuance or delivery of shares of Common Stock (or other securities, as the case
may be) in respect of a name other than,  that of the  registered  holder of the
Rights  Certificates  evidencing Rights  surrendered for exercise or to issue or
deliver any certificates for shares of Common Stock (or other securities, as the
case  may be) in a name  other  than  that of the  registered  holder  upon  the
exercise  of any Rights  until such tax shall have been paid (any such tax being
payable by the holder of such Rights  Certificate  at the time of  surrender) or
until it has been established to the Company's  satisfaction that no such tax is
due.

         Section 10.  Common Stock  Record  Date.  Each Person in whose name any
certificate for a number of shares of Common Stock (or other securities,  as the
case may be) is issued  upon the  exercise of Rights  shall for all  purposes be
deemed to have  become the holder of record of such  shares of Common  Stock (or
other  securities,  as the  case  may  be)  represented  thereby  on,  and  such
certificate  shall be dated as of, the date upon  which the  Rights  Certificate
evidencing  such Rights was duly  surrendered  and payment of the Purchase Price
(and all applicable  transfer taxes) was made;  provided,  however,  that if the
date of such  surrender  and  payment is a date upon which the Common  Stock (or
other securities,  as the case may be) transfer books of the Company are closed,
such  Person  shall be deemed to have  become the record  holder of such  shares
(fractional  or otherwise)  on, and such  certificate  shall be dated,  the next
succeeding  Business Day on which the Common Stock (or other securities,  as the
case may be)  transfer  books of the Company are open.  Prior to the exercise of
the Rights evidenced  thereby,  the holder of a Rights  Certificate shall not be
entitled to any rights of a  shareholder  of the Company  with respect to shares
for which the Rights shall be exercisable,  including,  without limitation,  the
right to vote, to receive  dividends or other  distributions  or to exercise any
preemptive  rights,  and shall not be  entitled  to  receive  any  notice of any
proceedings of the Company, except as provided herein.

         Section 11. Adjustment of Purchase Price;  Number and Kind of Shares or
Number of Rights.  The Purchase Price,  the number and kind of shares covered by
each Right and the number of Rights  outstanding  are subject to adjustment from
time to time as provided in this Section 11.



         (a)      Certain Adjustments.

          (i) In the event the Company  shall at any time after the date of this
     Agreement  (A) declare a dividend on the Common Stock  payable in shares of
     Common Stock,  (B)  subdivide or split the  outstanding  Common Stock,  (C)
     combine the  outstanding  Common Stock into a smaller number of shares,  or
     (D) issue any  shares of its  capital  stock in a  reclassification  of the
     Common Stock  (including  any such  reclassification  in connection  with a
     consolidation or merger in which the Company is the continuing or surviving
     corporation),  except  as  otherwise  provided  in this  Section  11(a) and
     Section 7(e) (Exercise of Rights; Purchase Price; Expiration Date of Rights
     -- Termination of Acquiring Person's Rights),  the Purchase Price in effect
     at the time of the record date for such dividend or of the  effective  date
     of such subdivision, split, combination or reclassification, and the number
     and kind of shares of Common  Stock or capital  stock,  as the case may be,
     issuable on such date, shall be proportionately adjusted so that the holder
     of any Right exercised  after such time shall be entitled to receive,  upon
     payment of the aggregate  adjusted  Purchase Price then in effect necessary
     to  exercise a Right in full,  the  aggregate  number and kind of shares of
     Common Stock or capital stock, as the case may be, which, if such Right had
     been exercised immediately prior to such date and at a time when the Common
     Stock (or other capital  stock,  as the case may be) transfer  books of the
     Company were open, such holder would have owned upon such exercise and been
     entitled  to  receive  by  virtue  of such  dividend,  subdivision,  split,
     combination or reclassification.  If an event occurs which would require an
     adjustment  under both this  Section  11(a)(i) and Section  11(a)(ii),  the
     adjustment  provided for in this Section  11(a)(i) shall be in addition to,
     and shall be made prior to, any  adjustment  required  pursuant  to Section
     11(a)(ii).

         (ii) In the event:

               (A) (1) any Acquiring Person or any Associate or Affiliate of any
          Acquiring  Person,  at any  time  after  the  date of this  Agreement,
          directly or  indirectly,  shall  merge into the  Company or  otherwise
          combine with the Company and the Company  shall be the  continuing  or
          surviving  corporation  of such merger or  combination  and the Common
          Stock of the Company shall remain  outstanding  and unchanged,  or (2)
          subject to Section 23 (Redemption and Termination),  any Person (other
          than the Company,  any Subsidiary of the Company, any employee benefit
          plan of the Company or of any Subsidiary of the Company, or any Person
          or entity  organized,  appointed or  established by the Company for or
          pursuant  to the terms of any such plan),  alone or together  with its
          Affiliates  and  Associates,  shall,  at any  time  after  the  Rights
          Dividend  Declaration  Date,  become an Acquiring  Person,  unless the
          event causing such Person to become an Acquiring Person is a Flip-over
          Event,  or is an  acquisition  of shares of Common Stock pursuant to a
          tender offer or an exchange offer for all outstanding shares of Common
          Stock  at a  price  and  on  terms  determined  by a  majority  of the
          Disinterested  Directors  after  receiving  advice  from  one or  more
          investment banking firms selected by the Disinterested  Directors,  to
          be (a) at a price  which is fair to the  shareholders  of the  Company
          (taking into  account all factors  which the  Disinterested  Directors
          deem  relevant  including,  without  limitation,  prices  which  could
          reasonably  be  achieved  if the Company or its assets were sold on an
          orderly basis designed to realize  maximum value) and (b) otherwise in
          the best  interests  of the Company and its  shareholders,  other than
          such Acquiring Person, its Affiliates and its Associates (a "Qualified
          Offer"); or

               (B) during such time as there is an Acquiring Person, there shall
          be any  reclassification  of securities  (including  any reverse stock
          split),  or   recapitalization  of  the  Company,  or  any  merger  or
          consolidation of the Company with any of its Subsidiaries or any other
          transaction or series of transactions  involving the Company or any of
          its  Subsidiaries,  other than a transaction or  transactions to which
          the  provisions  of Section  13(a)  (Consolidation,  Merger or Sale or
          Transfer of Assets or Earning Power -- Flip-over Event) apply (whether
          or not with or into or otherwise  involving an Acquiring Person) which
          has the effect, directly or indirectly,  of increasing by more than 1%
          the  proportionate  share of the  outstanding  shares  of any class of
          equity  securities of the Company or any of its subsidiaries  which is
          directly or indirectly  beneficially  owned by any Acquiring Person or
          any Associate or Affiliate of any  Acquiring  Person,  then,  promptly
          following the occurrence of any such Flip-in Event (whether  described
          in Section  11(a)(ii)(A)  or (B)),  proper  provision shall be made so
          that each holder of a Right  (except as provided  below and in Section
          7(e) (Exercise of Rights; Purchase Price; Expiration Date of Rights --
          Termination of Acquiring  Person's  Rights)) shall thereafter have the
          right to receive,  upon exercise  thereof at the then current Purchase
          Price in accordance with the terms of this  Agreement,  in lieu of the
          number of shares of  Common  Stock for which a Right was  before  that
          time exercisable, such number of shares of Common Stock of the Company
          as shall equal the result obtained by (x) multiplying the then current
          Purchase  Price by the then number of shares of Common Stock for which
          a Right was exercisable immediately prior to the first occurrence of a
          Flip-in Event,  and (y) dividing that product  (which,  following such
          first  occurrence,  shall  thereafter  be referred to as the "Purchase
          Price" for each Right and for all purposes of this  Agreement)  by 50%
          of the Current  Market  Price per share of Common Stock on the date of
          such first  occurrence (such number of shares being referred to as the
          "Adjustment Shares").

          (iii) In the event that the number of shares of Common  Stock that are
     authorized by the Company's  Articles of Incorporation  but not outstanding
     or reserved  for  issuance  for  purposes  other than upon  exercise of the
     Rights is not  sufficient  to permit the  exercise in full of the Rights in
     accordance with the foregoing  subparagraph (ii) of this Section 11(a), the
     Company shall:  (A) determine the excess of (1) the value of the Adjustment
     Shares issuable upon the exercise of a Right (the "Current Value") over (2)
     the Purchase  Price (such excess,  the  "Spread"),  and (B) with respect to
     each Right,  subject to Section  7(e)(Exercise  of Rights;  Purchase Price;
     Expiration  Date of Rights --  Termination of Acquiring  Person's  Rights),
     make adequate provision to substitute for the Adjustment  Shares,  upon the
     exercise of such Right and payment of the applicable  Purchase  Price,  (1)
     cash, (2) a reduction in the Purchase Price, (3) other equity securities of
     the Company (including,  without limitation, shares, or units of shares, of
     preferred  stock  which the Board has deemed to have  essentially  the same
     value or economic rights as shares of Common Stock (such  securities  being
     referred to as "Common  Stock  Equivalents")),  (4) debt  securities of the
     Company, (5) other assets, or (6) any combination of the foregoing,  having
     an  aggregate  value  equal to the  Current  Value  (less the amount of any
     reduction  in the  Purchase  Price),  where such  aggregate  value has been
     determined  by the Board based upon the advice of a  nationally  recognized
     investment banking firm selected by the Board;  provided,  however, that if
     the  Company  shall not have  made  adequate  provision  to  deliver  value
     pursuant to clause (B) above within thirty (30) calendar days following the
     later of (x) the first  occurrence  of a Flip-in  Event and (y) the date on
     which  the  Company's  right  of  redemption   pursuant  to  Section  23(a)
     (Redemption  and  Termination -- Redemption)  expires (the later of (x) and
     (y) being  referred  to herein as the  "Flip-in  Trigger  Date"),  then the
     Company shall be obligated to deliver, upon the surrender for exercise of a
     Right and without requiring payment of the Purchase Price, shares of Common
     Stock (to the extent available) and then, if necessary,  cash, which shares
     and/or cash have an aggregate value equal to the Spread. If the Board shall
     determine in good faith that it is likely that sufficient additional shares
     of Common Stock or other equity securities could be authorized for issuance
     upon  exercise in full of the Rights,  the thirty (30)  calendar day period
     set forth above may be extended to the extent necessary,  but not more than
     ninety (90) calendar days after the Flip-in Trigger Date, in order that the
     Company  may  seek  shareholder  approval  for  the  authorization  of such
     additional  shares (such period,  as it may be extended,  the "Substitution
     Period").  To the extent that the Company  determines that some action need
     be taken  pursuant to the first  and/or  second  sentences  of this Section
     11(a)(iii),  the Company (x) shall provide,  subject to Section 7(e),  that
     such action shall apply  uniformly to all outstanding  Rights,  and (y) may
     suspend  the  exercisability  of the  Rights  until the  expiration  of the
     Substitution Period in order to seek any authorization of additional shares
     of Common Stock or other equity securities and/or to decide the appropriate
     form of  distribution  to be made  pursuant to such first  sentence  and to
     determine  the  value  thereof.  In the event of any such  suspension,  the
     Company shall issue a public  announcement  stating that the exercisability
     of  the  Rights  has  been  temporarily  suspended,  as  well  as a  public
     announcement  at such time as the  suspension  is no longer in effect.  For
     purposes of this Section  11(a)(iii),  the value of each  Adjustment  Share
     shall be the  Current  Market  Price per share of the  Common  Stock on the
     Flip-in  Trigger  Date and the per  share or per unit  value of any  Common
     Stock  Equivalent  shall be deemed to equal the  Current  Market  Price per
     share of the Common Stock on such date.

          (iv) If the rules of the national securities  exchange,  registered as
     such  pursuant  to  Section  6 of the  Exchange  Act,  or of  the  national
     securities  association,  registered as such pursuant to Section 15A of the
     Exchange  Act, on which the Common  Stock is  principally  traded or quoted
     would prohibit such exchange or  association  from listing or continuing to
     list, or from authorizing for or continuing  quotation  and/or  transaction
     reporting  through an inter-dealer  quotation  system,  the Common Stock or
     other equity  securities  of the Company if the Rights were to be exercised
     for shares of Common Stock in  accordance  with  subparagraph  (ii) of this
     Section 11(a) because such issuance would nullify,  restrict or disparately
     reduce the per share voting rights of holders of Common Stock,  the Company
     shall: (A) determine the Spread,  and (B) with respect to each Right,  make
     adequate provision to substitute for the Adjustment Shares, upon payment of
     the applicable  Purchase  Price,  (1) cash, (2) a reduction in the Purchase
     Price, (3) equity securities of the Company, including, without limitation,
     Common Stock Equivalents, other than securities which would have the effect
     of nullifying,  restricting  or  disparately  reducing the per share voting
     rights of holders of Common Stock, (4) debt securities of the Company,  (5)
     other assets, or (6) any combination of the foregoing,  having an aggregate
     value  equal to the  Current  Value,  where such  aggregate  value has been
     determined  by the Board based upon the advice of a  recognized  investment
     banking firm selected by the Board; provided, however, if the Company shall
     not have made adequate  provision to deliver  value  pursuant to clause (B)
     above within thirty (30) calendar days following the Flip-in  Trigger Date,
     then the Company  shall be obligated  to deliver,  upon the  surrender  for
     exercise of a Right and without  requiring  payment of the Purchase  Price,
     cash having an aggregate value equal to the Spread.  To the extent that the
     Company  determines  that some action  need be taken  pursuant to the first
     sentence of this Section 11(a)(iv),  the Company (x) shall provide, subject
     to Section 7(e) (Exercise of Rights;  Purchase  Price;  Expiration  Date of
     Rights -- Termination of Acquiring Person's Rights), that such action shall
     apply  uniformly  to  all  outstanding  Rights  and  (y)  may  suspend  the
     exercisability of the Rights, but not longer than ninety (90) calendar days
     after the Flip-in Trigger Date, in order to decide the appropriate  form of
     distribution  to be made  pursuant to such first  sentence and to determine
     the value thereof.  In the event of any such suspension,  the Company shall
     issue a public  announcement  stating that the exercisability of the Rights
     has been temporarily  suspended,  as well as a public  announcement at such
     time as the suspension is no longer in effect. For purposes of this Section
     11(a)(iv),  the value of the Common Stock shall be the Current Market Price
     per share of the Common Stock on the Flip-in  Trigger Date and the value of
     any Common Stock  Equivalent  shall be deemed to have the same value as the
     Common Stock on such date.

          (b) Purchase Price  Adjustment -- Capital  Stock.  In case the Company
shall fix a record date for the  issuance of rights,  options or warrants to all
holders of Common  Stock  entitling  them to  subscribe  for or purchase  (for a
period  expiring  within  forty-five  (45) calendar days after such record date)
Common Stock,  Common Stock  Equivalents or securities  convertible  into Common
Stock or Common  Stock  Equivalents  at a price  per  share of Common  Stock (or
having a conversion price per share, if a security convertible into Common Stock
or Common  Stock  Equivalents)  less than the Current  Market Price per share of
Common Stock on such record date,  the Purchase Price to be in effect after such
record date shall be  determined  by  multiplying  the Purchase  Price in effect
immediately  prior to such  record date by a fraction,  the  numerator  of which
shall be the number of shares of Common Stock  outstanding  on such record date,
plus the number of shares of Common Stock which the aggregate  offering price of
the total number of shares of Common Stock and/or Common Stock Equivalents so to
be offered  (and/or the aggregate  initial  conversion  price of the convertible
securities so to be offered) would  purchase at such Current  Market Price,  and
the  denominator  of  which  shall be the  number  of  shares  of  Common  Stock
outstanding on such record date, plus the number of additional  shares of Common
Stock and/or Common Stock Equivalents to be offered for subscription or purchase
(or into  which  the  convertible  securities  so to be  offered  are  initially
convertible).  In case  such  subscription  price  may be paid  by  delivery  of
consideration  part or all of which may be in a form other than cash,  the value
of such  consideration  shall be as determined in good faith by the Board, whose
determination  shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent and
shall be binding on the Rights  Agent and the holders of the  Rights.  Shares of
Common Stock owned by or held for the account of the Company shall not be deemed
outstanding for the purpose of any such  computation.  Such adjustment  shall be
made  successively  whenever such a record date is fixed,  and in the event that
such rights or warrants are not so issued,  the Purchase Price shall be adjusted
to be the  Purchase  Price which would then be in effect if such record date had
not been fixed.

          (c)  Purchase  Price  Adjustment  -- Cash,  Assets,  etc.  In case the
Company  shall fix a record  date for a  distribution  to all  holders of Common
Stock (including any such  distribution  made in connection with a consolidation
or merger in which the Company is the  continuing  corporation)  of evidences of
indebtedness,  cash (other than a regular  quarterly  cash  dividend  out of the
earnings or retained  earnings of the  Company),  assets  (other than a dividend
payable in Common Stock,  but including any dividend payable in stock other than
Common Stock) or subscription rights or warrants (excluding those referred to in
Section 11(b) (Adjustment of Purchase Price; Number and Kind of Shares or Number
of Rights Purchase Price Adjustment -- Capital Stock)), the Purchase Price to be
in effect after such record date shall be determined by multiplying the Purchase
Price  in  effect  immediately  prior to such  record  date by a  fraction,  the
numerator  of which shall be the Current  Market Price per share of Common Stock
on such record date,  less the fair market value (as determined in good faith by
the Board, whose  determination shall be described in a statement filed with the
Rights Agent) of the portion of the cash, assets or evidences of indebtedness so
to be distributed  or of such  subscription  rights or warrants  applicable to a
share of Common Stock and the  denominator of which shall be such Current Market
Price per share of Common Stock.  Such  adjustments  shall be made  successively
whenever such a record date is fixed, and in the event that such distribution is
not so made, the Purchase Price shall be adjusted to be the Purchase Price which
would have been in effect if such record date had not been fixed.

          (d)  Current  Market  Price.   For  the  purpose  of  any  computation
hereunder,   other  than  computations  made  pursuant  to  Section   11(a)(iii)
(Adjustment of Purchase Price;  Number and Kind of Shares or Number of Rights --
Certain  Adjustments)  the Current Market Price per share of Common Stock on any
date shall be deemed to be the average of the daily closing  prices per share of
such Common Stock for the thirty (30) consecutive Trading Days immediately prior
to such  date,  and for  purposes  of  computations  made  pursuant  to  Section
11(a)(iii)  the Current Market Price per share of Common Stock on any date shall
be deemed to be the average of the daily closing prices per share of such Common
Stock for the ten (10) consecutive Trading Days immediately following such date;
provided,  however, that in the event that the Current Market Price per share of
the Common Stock is determined during a period following the announcement by the
issuer of such  Common  Stock of (A) a dividend or  distribution  on such Common
Stock  payable in shares of such Common  Stock or  securities  convertible  into
shares of such Common  Stock (other than the  Rights),  or (B) any  subdivision,
combination or  reclassification  of such Common Stock and the ex-dividend  date
for such  dividend or  distribution,  or the record  date for such  subdivision,
combination   or   reclassification   shall  not  have  occurred  prior  to  the
commencement  of the  requisite  thirty (30) Trading Day or ten (10) Trading Day
period,  as set forth above,  then,  and in each such case,  the Current  Market
Price shall be properly adjusted to take into account ex-dividend  trading.  The
closing  price for each  Trading Day shall be the last sale price,  regular way,
or, in case no such sale takes  place on such  Trading  Day,  the average of the
closing  bid and asked  prices,  regular  way, in either case as reported in the
principal  consolidated  transaction reporting system with respect to securities
listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock  Exchange  or, if the shares
of Common  Stock are not  listed or  admitted  to  trading on the New York Stock
Exchange, as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system
with respect to securities listed on the principal national  securities exchange
on which the shares of Common Stock are listed or admitted to trading or, if the
shares of Common  Stock are not listed or  admitted  to trading on any  national
securities exchange,  the last quoted price or, if not so quoted, the average of
the high bid and low asked prices in the over-the-counter market, as reported by
the National Association of Securities Dealers,  Inc. Automated Quotation System
("Nasdaq")  or such other system then in use, or, if on any such date the shares
of Common  Stock are not  quoted by any such  organization,  the  average of the
closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a professional  market maker making
a market in the  Common  Stock  selected  by the  Board.  If on any such date no
market  maker is making a market in the  Common  Stock,  the fair  value of such
shares on such date as determined in good faith by the Board shall be used.  The
term "Trading Day" shall mean a day on which the principal  national  securities
exchange  on which the shares of Common  Stock are listed or admitted to trading
is open for the  transaction  of business  or, if the shares of Common Stock are
not listed or  admitted  to  trading  on any  national  securities  exchange,  a
Business  Day.  If the  Common  Stock is not  publicly  held or not so listed or
traded,  Current  Market  Price per share shall mean the fair value per share as
determined in good faith by the Board, whose determination shall be described in
a  statement  filed  with the  Rights  Agent  and  shall be  conclusive  for all
purposes.

          (e)  Purchase  Price  Adjustment  Threshold.  Anything  herein  to the
contrary notwithstanding,  no adjustment in the Purchase Price shall be required
unless  such  adjustment  would  require an increase or decrease of at least one
percent (1%) in the Purchase Price; provided however, that any adjustments which
by reason of this  Section  11(e) are not  required  to be made shall be carried
forward and taken into account in any subsequent  adjustment.  All  calculations
under this Section 11 (Adjustment of Purchase  Price;  Number and Kind of Shares
or Number of Rights)  shall be made to the nearest cent or to the nearest  share
of Common Stock, as the case may be.  Notwithstanding the first sentence of this
Section 11(e), any adjustment required by this Section 11 shall be made no later
than the earlier of (i) three (3) years from the date of the  transaction  which
mandates such adjustment, or (ii) the Expiration Date.

          (f)  Equivalent  Adjustments.  If as a result  of an  adjustment  made
pursuant to Section 11(a)(ii)  (Adjustment of Purchase Price; Number and Kind of
Shares  or  Number  of  Rights  --  Certain   Adjustments)   or  Section   13(a)
(Consolidation  Merger  or Sale or  Transfer  of  Assets  or  Earning  Power  --
Flip-over  Event)  the holder of any Right  thereafter  exercised  shall  become
entitled  to receive  any  shares of capital  stock  other  than  Common  Stock,
thereafter  the number of such other shares so  receivable  upon exercise of any
Right and the Purchase Price thereof shall be subject to adjustment from time to
time in a  manner  and on terms  as  nearly  equivalent  as  practicable  to the
provisions with respect to the Common Stock  contained in Sections  11(a),  (b),
(c), (e), (g), (h), (i), (j), (k) and (m), and the  provisions of Sections 7, 9,
10, 13 and 14 with  respect to the Common Stock shall apply on like terms to any
such other shares.

          (g) Post-Adjustment Rights Issuances.  All Rights originally issued by
the Company  subsequent to any adjustment  made to the Purchase Price  hereunder
shall evidence the right to purchase, at the adjusted Purchase Price, the number
of shares of Common Stock  purchasable from time to time hereunder upon exercise
of the Rights, all subject to further adjustment as provided herein.

          (h)  Common  Stock  Anti-Dilution.   Unless  the  Company  shall  have
exercised  its  election as provided in Section  11(i)  (Adjustment  of Purchase
Price;  Number and Kind of Shares or Number of Rights -- Adjustment of Number of
Rights),  upon  each  adjustment  of  the  Purchase  Price  as a  result  of the
calculations  made in Section 11(b)  (Adjustment of Purchase  Price;  Number and
Kind of Shares or Number of Rights  --  Purchase  Price  Adjustment  --  Capital
Stock) and  Section  11(c)  (Adjustment  of Purchase  Price;  Number and Kind of
Shares or Number of Rights -- Purchase Price Adjustment -- Cash, Assets,  etc.),
each Right outstanding  immediately prior to the making of such adjustment shall
thereafter evidence the right to purchase,  at the adjusted Purchase Price, that
number of shares  of  Common  Stock  (calculated  to the  nearest  whole  share)
obtained  by (i)  multiplying  (x)  the  number  of  shares  covered  by a Right
immediately  prior to this  adjustment,  by (y) the  Purchase  Price  in  effect
immediately  prior to such adjustment of the Purchase  Price,  and (ii) dividing
the product so obtained by the Purchase Price in effect  immediately  after such
adjustment of the Purchase Price.

          (i) Adjustment of Number of Rights.  The Company may elect on or after
the date of any adjustment of the Purchase Price to adjust the number of Rights,
in lieu of any  adjustment  in the number of shares of Common Stock  purchasable
upon  the  exercise  of a  Right.  Each  of the  Rights  outstanding  after  the
adjustment in the number of Rights shall be exercisable for the number of shares
of Common  Stock for which a Right  was  exercisable  immediately  prior to such
adjustment.  Each Right held of record prior to such adjustment of the number of
Rights  shall  become  that  number  of  Rights   (calculated   to  the  nearest
one-ten-thousandth)   obtained  by  dividing  the   Purchase   Price  in  effect
immediately  prior to adjustment of the Purchase  Price by the Purchase Price in
effect  immediately  after  adjustment of the Purchase Price.  The Company shall
make a public  announcement  of its  election  to adjust  the  number of Rights,
indicating  the record date for the  adjustment,  and, if known at the time, the
amount of the  adjustment to be made.  This record date may be the date on which
the  Purchase  Price is  adjusted  or any day  thereafter,  but,  if the  Rights
Certificates  have been issued,  shall be at least ten (10)  calendar days later
than the date of the  public  announcement.  If  Rights  Certificates  have been
issued,  upon each  adjustment of the number of Rights  pursuant to this Section
11(i), the Company shall, as promptly as practicable, cause to be distributed to
holders of record of Rights Certificates on such record date Rights Certificates
evidencing,  subject to Section 14 (Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares) the
additional  Rights to which such  holders  shall be entitled as a result of such
adjustment,  or, at the option of the Company,  shall cause to be distributed to
such  holders  of  record  in  substitution   and  replacement  for  the  Rights
Certificates  held by such  holders  prior to the date of  adjustment,  and upon
surrender  thereof,  if  required  by  the  Company,   new  Rights  Certificates
evidencing  all the Rights to which such  holders  shall be entitled  after such
adjustment.  Rights Certificates so to be distributed shall be issued,  executed
and countersigned in the manner provided for herein (and may bear, at the option
of the Company,  the adjusted  Purchase  Price) and shall be  registered  in the
names of the  holders  of record  of  Rights  Certificates  on the  record  date
specified in the public announcement.

          (j) Rights  Certificates.  Irrespective of any adjustment or change in
the  Purchase  Price or the number of shares of Common Stock  issuable  upon the
exercise of the  Rights,  the Rights  Certificates  theretofore  and  thereafter
issued may  continue to express the  Purchase  Price per share and the number of
shares which were expressed in the initial Rights Certificates issued hereunder.

          (k)  Adjustment  Below Par Value.  Before taking any action that would
cause an  adjustment  reducing the  Purchase  Price below the then par or stated
value, if any, of the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of
the Rights,  the Company shall take any corporate action which is or may, in the
opinion of its  counsel,  be necessary in order that the Company may validly and
legally issue fully paid and nonassessable such number of shares of Common Stock
at such adjusted Purchase Price.

          (l) Adjustment Effective as of Future Date;  Exercise.  In any case in
which this Section 11 (Adjustment of Purchase  Price;  Number and Kind of Shares
or Number of Rights) shall  require that an adjustment in the Purchase  Price be
made effective as of a record date for a specified  event, the Company may elect
to defer until the  occurrence  of such event the  issuance to the holder of any
Right  exercised after such record date the number of shares of Common Stock and
other capital stock or  securities  of the Company,  if any,  issuable upon such
exercise  over and above the number of shares of Common Stock and other  capital
stock or securities of the Company,  if any,  issuable upon such exercise on the
basis of the  Purchase  Price in  effect  prior  to such  adjustment;  provided,
however,  that the  Company  shall  deliver  to such  holder a due bill or other
appropriate instrument evidencing such holder's right to receive such additional
shares  (fractional or otherwise) or securities upon the occurrence of the event
requiring such adjustment.

          (m) Tax  Adjustments.  Anything  in this  Section  11  (Adjustment  of
Purchase  Price;  Number and Kind of Shares or Number of Rights) to the contrary
notwithstanding,  the Company  shall be entitled to make such  reductions in the
Purchase  Price,  in addition to those  adjustments  expressly  required by this
Section 11, as and to the extent that in its good faith judgment the Board shall
determine to be advisable in order that any (i)  consolidation or subdivision of
the Common Stock, (ii) issuance wholly for cash of any shares of Common Stock at
less than the Current Market Price,  (iii) issuance wholly for cash of shares of
Common  Stock or  securities  which  by  their  terms  are  convertible  into or
exchangeable for shares of Common Stock, (iv) stock dividends or (v) issuance of
rights,  options or warrants  referred to in this Section 11,  hereafter made by
the  Company  to  holders  of its  Common  Stock  shall not be  taxable  to such
shareholders.

          (n) Restriction on Certain Transactions. The Company shall not, at any
time after the  Distribution  Date, (i) consolidate with any other Person (other
than a Subsidiary  of the Company in a transaction  which  complies with Section
11(o)  (Adjustment  of  Purchase  Price;  Number and Kind of Shares or Number of
Rights -- Restriction Against Diminishing  Benefits of the Rights)),  (ii) merge
with or into any other  Person  (other  than a  Subsidiary  of the  Company in a
transaction  which  complies with Section  11(o)),  (iii) enter into a statutory
share  exchange  or similar  transaction  with any other  Person  (other  than a
Subsidiary of the Company in a transaction  which complies with Section  11(o)),
or (iv) sell or transfer (or permit any Subsidiary to sell or transfer),  in one
transaction,  or a series of related transactions,  assets, cash flow or earning
power aggregating more than 50% of the assets, cash flow or earning power of the
Company and its  Subsidiaries  (taken as a whole) to any other Person or Persons
(other  than  the  Company  and/or  any of  its  Subsidiaries  in  one  or  more
transactions  each of which complies with Section 11(o)),  if (x) at the time of
or immediately  after such  consolidation,  merger,  statutory share exchange or
similar transaction, or sale there are any rights, warrants or other instruments
or securities  outstanding  or  agreements  in effect which would  substantially
diminish or  otherwise  eliminate  the  benefits  intended to be afforded by the
Rights  or  (y)  prior  to,   simultaneously  with  or  immediately  after  such
consolidation, merger, statutory share exchange or similar transaction, or sale,
the  shareholders  of the  Person  who  constitutes,  or would  constitute,  the
"Principal Party" for purposes of Section 13(a)  (Consolidation,  Merger or Sale
or Transfer of Assets or Earning Power -- Flip-over Event) shall have received a
distribution of Rights  previously owned by such Person or any of its Affiliates
and Associates.

          (o)  Restriction  Against  Diminishing  Benefits  of the  Rights.  The
Company  covenants and agrees that,  after the  Distribution  Date, it will not,
except as permitted by Section 23  (Redemption  and  Termination)  or Section 27
(Supplements  and Amendments) take (or permit any Subsidiary to take) any action
if at the time  such  action  is taken it is  reasonably  foreseeable  that such
action will diminish  substantially or otherwise eliminate the benefits intended
to be afforded by the Rights.

          (p)  Common  Stock  Adjustments.  Anything  in this  Agreement  to the
contrary notwithstanding,  in the event that the Company shall at any time after
the Rights  Dividend  Declaration  Date and prior to the  Distribution  Date (i)
declare a dividend on the  outstanding  shares of Common Stock payable in shares
of Common Stock, (ii) subdivide or split the outstanding shares of Common Stock,
or (iii) combine the outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of
shares,  the number of Rights  associated  with each share of Common  Stock then
outstanding,  or issued or delivered  thereafter  but prior to the  Distribution
Date, shall be proportionately  adjusted so that the number of Rights thereafter
associated  with each share of Common Stock following any such event shall equal
the result  obtained by multiplying  the number of Rights  associated  with each
share of  Common  Stock  immediately  prior to such  event  by a  fraction,  the
numerator  of which  shall  be the  total  number  of  shares  of  Common  Stock
outstanding immediately prior to the occurrence of the event and the denominator
of which  shall be the  total  number of  shares  of  Common  Stock  outstanding
immediately following the occurrence of such event. The adjustments provided for
in this Section  11(p) shall be made  successively  whenever  such a dividend is
declared or paid or such subdivision, combination or consolidation is effected.

     Section 12.  Certificate  of Adjusted  Purchase Price or Number of Shares .
Whenever an adjustment is made as provided in Section 11 (Adjustment of Purchase
Price;  Number  and  Kind  of  Shares  or  Number  of  Rights)  and  Section  13
(Consolidation,  Merger or Sale or  Transfer  of Assets or  Earning  Power)  the
Company shall (a) promptly  prepare a certificate  setting forth such adjustment
and a brief statement of the facts accounting for such adjustment,  (b) promptly
file with the Rights Agent, and with each transfer agent for the Common Stock, a
copy of such certificate, and (c) mail or cause the Rights Agent to mail a brief
summary  thereof to each  holder of a Rights  Certificate  (or,  if prior to the
Distribution Date, to each holder of a certificate representing shares of Common
Stock) in accordance with Section 26 (Notices).  The Rights Agent shall be fully
protected  in  relying on any such  certificate  and on any  adjustment  therein
contained,  and shall not be responsible for  calculating  any  adjustment,  nor
shall it be deemed to have  knowledge of such an adjustment  unless and until it
shall have received such certificate.

          Section  13.  Consolidation,  Merger or Sale or  Transfer of Assets or
Earning  Power.  

          (a)  Flip-over   Event.  In  the  event  that,   following  the  Stock
Acquisition  Date,  directly or  indirectly,  (x) the Company shall  consolidate
with,  or merge  with and into,  or enter into a  statutory  stock  exchange  or
similar  transaction  with,  any other Person  (other than a  Subsidiary  of the
Company  in a  transaction  which  complies  with  Section  11(o)(Adjustment  of
Purchase  Price;  Number  and Kind of Shares or Number of Rights --  Restriction
Against Diminishing  Benefits of the Rights)),  and the Company shall not be the
continuing or surviving  corporation of such consolidation,  merger or statutory
share exchange or similar  transaction,  (y) any Person (other than a Subsidiary
of the  Company in a  transaction  which  complies  with  Section  11(o))  shall
consolidate  with,  or merge  with or  into,  or enter  into a  statutory  stock
exchange or similar transaction with, the Company,  and the Company shall be the
continuing or surviving  corporation of such consolidation,  merger or statutory
share   exchange  or  similar   transaction   and,  in   connection   with  such
consolidation, merger or statutory share exchange or similar transaction, all or
part of the  outstanding  shares  of  Common  Stock  shall  be  changed  into or
exchanged for stock or other securities of any other Person or cash or any other
property, or (z) the Company shall sell or otherwise transfer (or one or more of
its  Subsidiaries  shall sell or otherwise  transfer),  in one  transaction or a
series of related  transactions,  assets, cash flow or earning power aggregating
more than 50% of the assets,  cash flow or earning  power of the Company and its
Subsidiaries (taken as a whole) to any Person or Persons (other than the Company
or any  Subsidiary  of the  Company  in one or more  transactions  each of which
complies  with  Section  11(o)),  then,  and in each such case (except as may be
contemplated  by Section  13(d)  (Consolidation,  Merger or Sale or  Transfer of
Assets or Earning Power -- Exceptions)), proper provision shall be made so that:
(i) each  holder of a Right,  except as provided in Section  7(e)  (Exercise  of
Rights;  Purchase  Price;  Expiration Date of Rights -- Termination of Acquiring
Person's Rights) shall  thereafter have the right to receive,  upon the exercise
thereof at the then current  Purchase Price in accordance with the terms of this
Agreement,   such  number  of  validly   authorized  and  issued,   fully  paid,
nonassessable  and  freely  tradeable  shares of Common  Stock of the  Principal
Party, not subject to any liens, encumbrances,  rights of first refusal or other
adverse claims,  as shall be equal to the result obtained by (A) multiplying the
then current  Purchase Price by the number of shares of Common Stock for which a
Right is exercisable  immediately  prior to the first  occurrence of a Flip-over
Event (or, if a Flip-in  Event has occurred  prior to the first  occurrence of a
Flip-over  Event,  multiplying  the number of such  shares for which a Right was
exercisable  immediately prior to the first occurrence of a Flip-in Event by the
Purchase Price in effect  immediately prior to such first  occurrence),  and (B)
dividing  that product  (which,  following  the first  occurrence of a Flip-over
Event,  shall be referred to as the "Purchase  Price" for each Right and for all
purposes of this  Agreement) by 50% of the Current Market Price per share of the
Common  Stock  of such  Principal  Party  on the  date of  consummation  of such
Flip-over  Event;  (ii) such Principal Party shall thereafter be liable for, and
shall assume,  by virtue of such Flip-over Event, all the obligations and duties
of the  Company  pursuant  to this  Agreement;  (iii) the term  "Company"  shall
thereafter be deemed to refer to such  Principal  Party,  it being  specifically
intended that the provisions of Section 11 (Adjustment of Purchase Price; Number
and Kind of Shares or Number of Rights) shall apply only to such Principal Party
following the first occurrence of a Flip-over  Event;  (iv) such Principal Party
shall take such steps  (including,  but not  limited  to, the  reservation  of a
sufficient  number  of  shares  of its  Common  Stock)  in  connection  with the
consummation  of any such  transaction  as may be  necessary  to assure that the
provisions  hereof shall  thereafter be applicable,  as nearly as reasonably may
be, in relation to its shares of Common Stock  thereafter  deliverable  upon the
exercise of the Rights; and (v) the provisions of Section 11(a)(ii)  (Adjustment
of  Purchase  Price;  Number  and Kind of Shares or Number of Rights --  Certain
Adjustments)  hereof shall be of no effect following the first occurrence of any
Flip-over Event.

          (b) Principal Party. "Principal Party" shall mean

               (i) in the case of any transaction described in clause (x) or (y)
     of the first  sentence of Section 13(a)  (Consolidation,  Merger or Sale or
     Transfer of Assets or Earning Power --Flip-over  Event), the Person that is
     the  issuer of any  securities  into  which  shares of Common  Stock of the
     Company are  converted in such  consolidation,  merger or  statutory  share
     exchange or similar  transaction,  and if no securities are so issued,  the
     Person that is the other party to such  consolidation,  merger or statutory
     share exchange or similar transaction, and

               (ii) in the case of any  transaction  described  in clause (z) of
     the first  sentence  of  Section  13(a)  (Consolidation,  Merger or Sale or
     Transfer of Assets or Earning Power -- Flip-over Event), the Person that is
     the party  receiving  the  greatest  portion  of the  assets,  cash flow or
     earning power transferred pursuant to such transaction or transactions;

PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that in any such case, (1) if the Common Stock of such Person
is not at such time and has not been continuously over the preceding twelve (12)
month period registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act, and such Person is
a direct or indirect  Subsidiary of another  Person the Common Stock of which is
and has been so registered,  "Principal Party" shall refer to such other Person;
and (2) in case such Person is a  Subsidiary,  directly or  indirectly,  of more
than one Person,  the Common Stocks of two or more of which are and have been so
registered,  "Principal  Party"  shall refer to whichever of such Persons is the
issuer of the total  outstanding  Common  Stock  having the  greatest  aggregate
market value.

          (c)  Supplemental  Agreement.  The  Company  shall  not  consummate  a
Flip-over  Event unless the  Principal  Party shall have a sufficient  number of
authorized shares of its Common Stock which have not been issued or reserved for
issuance to permit the  exercise in full of the Rights in  accordance  with this
Section  13  (Consolidation,  Merger or Sale or  Transfer  of Assets or  Earning
Power) and unless prior thereto the Company and such Principal  Party shall have
executed and delivered to the Rights Agent a  supplemental  agreement  providing
for the terms set forth in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this Section 13 and further
providing that, as soon as practicable  after the date of such Flip-over  Event,
the Principal Party will

               (i) prepare and file a registration statement under the Act, with
     respect to the Rights and the securities  purchasable  upon exercise of the
     Rights on an appropriate  form, and will use its best efforts to cause such
     registration statement to (A) become effective as soon as practicable after
     such  filing  and (B)  remain  effective  (with a  prospectus  at all times
     meeting the requirements of the Act) until the Expiration Date;

               (ii)  take such all such  other  action  as may be  necessary  to
     enable  the  Principal  Party  to issue  the  securities  purchasable  upon
     exercise of the Rights,  including but not limited to the  registration  or
     qualification  of such  securities  under all requisite  securities laws of
     jurisdictions  of the various stated and the listing of such  securities on
     such exchanges and trading markets as may be necessary or appropriate; and

               (iii) will deliver to holders of the Rights historical  financial
     statements for the Principal  Party and each of its Affiliates  that comply
     in all respects with the requirements for registration on Form 10 under the
     Exchange Act.

The provisions of this Section 13 (Consolidation,  Merger or Sale or Transfer of
Assets or Earning  Power) shall  similarly  apply to  successive  consolidation,
mergers or statutory share  exchanges or similar  transactions or sales or other
transfers. In the event that a Flip-over Event shall occur at any time after the
occurrence  of a Flip-in  Event,  the  Rights  which have not  theretofore  been
exercised shall thereafter become exercisable in the manner described in Section
13(a)  (Consolidation,  Merger or Sale or  Transfer  of Assets or Earning  Power
- --Flip-over Event).

          (d)  Exceptions.  Notwithstanding  anything in this  Agreement  to the
contrary,  Section 13  (Consolidation,  Merger or Sale or  Transfer of Assets or
Earning   Power)  shall  not  be  applicable  to  a  transaction   described  in
subparagraphs  (x) and (y) of Section  13(a)  (Consolidation,  Merger or Sale or
Transfer of Assets or Earning Power -- Flip-over  Event) if (i) such transaction
is  consummated  with a Person or Persons who  acquired  shares of Common  Stock
pursuant  to a tender  offer or  exchange  offer for all  outstanding  shares of
Common Stock that is a Qualified Offer (or a wholly-owned subsidiary of any such
Person or  Persons),  (ii) the price per share of Common  Stock  offered in such
transaction  is not less than the price  per share of Common  Stock  paid to all
holders of shares of Common Stock whose shares were  purchased  pursuant to such
tender or exchange  offer and (iii) the form of  consideration  being offered in
such transaction is the same as the form of consideration paid to all holders of
shares of Common Stock whose shares were purchased pursuant to such tender offer
or exchange offer.  Upon  consummation of any such  transaction  contemplated by
this Section 13(d), all Rights hereunder shall expire.

         Section 14.       Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares.

          (a)  Fractional  Rights.  The  Company  shall not be required to issue
fractions  of Rights,  except  prior to the  Distribution  Date as  provided  in
Section 11(p) (Adjustment of Purchase Price; Number and Kind of Shares or Number
of Rights -- Common Stock  Adjustments),  or to distribute  Rights  Certificates
which evidence fractional Rights. In lieu of such fractional Rights, there shall
be paid to the  registered  holders of the Rights  Certificates  with  regard to
which such  fractional  Rights would  otherwise  be issuable,  an amount in cash
equal to the same  fraction of the current  market value of a whole  Right.  For
purposes of this Section 14(a),  the current market value of a whole Right shall
be the closing price of the Rights for the Trading Day immediately  prior to the
date on which such  fractional  Rights would have been otherwise  issuable.  The
closing  price of the Rights for any  Trading  Day shall be the last sale price,
regular  way,  or, in case no such sale takes  place on such  Trading  Day,  the
average of the  closing  bid and asked  prices,  regular  way, in either case as
reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect
to securities  listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock  Exchange or,
if the  Rights  are not  listed or  admitted  to  trading  on the New York Stock
Exchange, as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system
with respect to securities listed on the principal national  securities exchange
on which the Rights are listed or admitted to trading,  or if the Rights are not
listed or  admitted to trading on any  national  securities  exchange,  the last
quoted  price or, if not so  quoted,  the  average of the high bid and low asked
prices in the over-the-counter market as reported by Nasdaq or such other system
then in use or,  if on any  such  date the  Rights  are not  quoted  by any such
organization,  the average of the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a
professional  market maker making a market in the Rights  selected by the Board.
If on any such date no such market  maker is making a market in the Rights,  the
fair value of the Rights on such date as  determined  in good faith by the Board
shall be used.

          (b) Fractional  Shares of Common Stock.  Following the occurrence of a
Triggering Event, the Company shall not be required to issue fractions of shares
of Common Stock upon exercise of the Rights or to distribute  certificates which
evidence  fractional  shares of Common Stock.  In lieu of  fractional  shares of
Common  Stock,  the  Company  may  pay  to  the  registered  holders  of  Rights
Certificates  at the time such Rights are exercised as herein provided an amount
in cash equal to the same fraction of the current  market value of one (1) share
of Common Stock. For purposes of this Section 14(c), the current market value of
one  share of Common  Stock  shall be the  closing  price of one share of Common
Stock (as determined pursuant to Section 11(d)(i) (Adjustment of Purchase Price;
Number and Kind of Shares or Number of Rights -- Current  Market Price)) for the
Trading Day immediately prior to the date of such exercise.

          (c) Waiver of Fractional  Rights and Shares.  The holder of a Right by
the  acceptance  of the Right  expressly  waives his or her right to receive any
fractional Rights or any fractional  shares upon exercise of a Right,  except as
permitted by this Section 14 (Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares).

         Section 15.  Rights of Action.  All rights of action in respect of this
Agreement  are  vested  in the  respective  registered  holders  of  the  Rights
Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, the registered holders of the
Common Stock); and any registered holder of any Rights Certificate (or, prior to
the Distribution  Date, of the Common Stock),  without the consent of the Rights
Agent  or of the  holder  of any  other  Rights  Certificate  (or,  prior to the
Distribution  Date, of the Common Stock),  may, in his or her own behalf and for
his or her own benefit, enforce, and may institute and maintain any suit, action
or  proceeding  against the Company to enforce,  or otherwise act in respect of,
his or her right to exercise the Rights evidenced by such Rights  Certificate in
the manner provided in such Rights  Certificate  and in this Agreement.  Without
limiting the foregoing or any remedies available to the holders of Rights, it is
specifically  acknowledged that the holders of Rights would not have an adequate
remedy at law for any breach of this Agreement and shall be entitled to specific
performance of the obligations hereunder and injunctive relief against actual or
threatened violations of the obligations hereunder of any Person subject to this
Agreement.

     Section  16.  Agreement  of  Rights  Holders..  Every  holder of a Right by
accepting the same consents and agrees with the Company and the Rights Agent and
with every other holder of a Right that:

          (a) prior to the  Distribution  Date, the Rights will be  transferable
only in connection with the transfer of Common Stock;

          (b)  after  the  Distribution   Date,  the  Rights   Certificates  are
transferable  only on the registry  books of the Rights Agent if  surrendered at
the  principal  office  or  offices  of the  Rights  Agent  designated  for such
purposes,  duly endorsed or accompanied  by a proper  instrument of transfer and
with the appropriate forms and certificates fully executed;

          (c)  subject to Section  6(a)  (Transfer,  Split Up,  Combination  and
Exchange of Rights  Certificates;  Mutilated,  Destroyed,  Lost or Stolen Rights
Certificates -- Procedure) and Section 7(f) (Exercise of Rights; Purchase Price;
Expiration  Date of Rights --  Surrender  of Rights  Certificates;  Identity  of
Beneficial  Owner),  the  Company  and the  Rights  Agent may deem and treat the
person in whose name a Rights  Certificate (or, prior to the Distribution  Date,
the  associated  Common Stock  certificate)  is registered as the absolute owner
thereof and of the Rights evidenced  thereby  (notwithstanding  any notations of
ownership or writing on the Rights  Certificates or the associated  Common Stock
certificate  made by anyone other than the Company or the Rights  Agent) for all
purposes  whatsoever,  and neither the Company nor the Rights Agent,  subject to
the  last  sentence  of  Section  7(e)  (Exercise  of  Rights;  Purchase  Price;
Expiration Date of Rights -- Termination of Acquiring Person's Rights), shall be
required to be affected by any notice to the contrary; and

          (d)  notwithstanding  anything  in  this  Agreement  to the  contrary,
neither the Company nor the Rights Agent shall have any  liability to any holder
of a Right or other  Person as a result of its  inability  to perform any of its
obligations  under this  Agreement  by reason of any  preliminary  or  permanent
injunction  or other  order,  decree  or ruling  issued by a court of  competent
jurisdiction  or by a  governmental,  regulatory  or  administrative  agency  or
commission,  or any statute,  rule, regulation or executive order promulgated or
enacted by any  governmental  authority,  prohibiting  or otherwise  restraining
performance of such obligation; provided, however, the Company must use its best
efforts to have any such order, decree or ruling lifted or otherwise  overturned
as soon as possible.

         Section 17.  Rights  Certificate  Holder Not Deemed a  Shareholder.  No
holder, as such, of any Rights  Certificate  shall be entitled to vote,  receive
dividends  or be deemed  for any  purpose  the holder of the number of shares of
Common  Stock or any other  securities  of the Company  which may at any time be
issuable on the exercise of the Rights represented  thereby,  nor shall anything
contained  herein or in any Rights  Certificate  be construed to confer upon the
holder of any Rights Certificate, as such, any of the rights of a shareholder of
the  Company  or any right to vote for the  election  of  directors  or upon any
matter submitted to shareholders at any meeting thereof,  or to give or withhold
consent to any  corporate  action,  or to receive  notice of  meetings  or other
actions  affecting  shareholders  (except as  provided  in Section 25 (Notice of
Certain Events)),  or to receive dividends or subscription rights, or otherwise,
until the Right or Rights evidenced by such Rights  Certificate  shall have been
exercised in accordance with the provisions hereof.

         Section 18.       Concerning the Rights Agent.

          (a) Compensation. The Company shall pay to the Rights Agent reasonable
compensation  for all services  rendered by it hereunder and, from time to time,
on demand of the Rights  Agent,  its  reasonable  expenses  and counsel fees and
other  disbursements  incurred  in the  administration  and  execution  of  this
Agreement and the exercise and performance of its duties hereunder.  The Company
agrees to indemnify the Rights Agent for, and to hold it harmless  against,  any
loss,  liability or expense,  incurred without negligence,  bad faith or willful
misconduct on the part of the Rights  Agent,  for anything done or omitted to be
done by the Rights Agent in connection with the acceptance and administration of
this Agreement,  including the costs and expenses of defending against any claim
of liability in the premises.  The  indemnity  provided for herein shall survive
the  expiration  of the  Rights,  the  termination  of this  Agreement,  and the
resignation or removal of the Rights Agent.  The costs and expenses of enforcing
this right of indemnification shall also be paid by the Company.

          (b) Reliance. The Rights Agent may conclusively rely upon and shall be
protected  and shall incur no liability  for or in respect of any action  taken,
suffered or omitted to be taken by it in connection with its  administration  of
this Agreement in reliance upon any Rights Certificate or certificate for Common
Stock or for other  securities  of the  Company,  instrument  of  assignment  or
transfer, power of attorney, endorsement,  affidavit, letter, notice, direction,
consent, certificate,  statement or other paper or document believed by it to be
genuine  and  to  be  signed,   executed  and,  where  necessary,   verified  or
acknowledged, by the proper Person or Persons.

          (c) Notwithstanding  anything in this Agreement to the contrary, in no
event shall the Rights  Agent be liable for special,  indirect or  consequential
loss or  damage  of any  kind  whatsoever  (including  but not  limited  to lost
profits),  even if the Rights Agent has been advised of the  likelihood  of such
loss or damage and regardless of the form of the action.

     Section 19. Merger or Consolidation or Change of Name of Rights Agent.

          (a)  Successor.  Any  corporation  into which the Rights  Agent or any
successor  Rights Agent may be merged or with which it may be  consolidated,  or
any corporation  resulting from any merger or  consolidation to which the Rights
Agent  or any  successor  Rights  Agent  shall be a  party,  or any  corporation
succeeding to the corporate trust, stock transfer or other shareholder  services
business  of the  Rights  Agent  or any  successor  Rights  Agent,  shall be the
successor  to the Rights  Agent under this  Agreement  without the  execution or
filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto;
provided,  however, that such corporation would be eligible for appointment as a
successor  Rights  Agent  under the  provisions  of Section 21 (Change of Rights
Agent).  In case at the time such  successor  Rights Agent shall  succeed to the
agency created by this Agreement, any of the Rights Certificates shall have been
countersigned  but not delivered,  any such successor Rights Agent may adopt the
countersignature   of  a  predecessor  Rights  Agent  and  deliver  such  Rights
Certificates  so  countersigned;  and in  case at that  time  any of the  Rights
Certificates shall not have been  countersigned,  any successor Rights Agent may
countersign such Rights Certificates either in the name of the predecessor or in
the name of the  successor  Rights  Agent;  and in all such  cases  such  Rights
Certificates  shall have the full force provided in the Rights  Certificates and
in this Agreement.

          (b)  Prior  Countersignatures.  In case at any  time  the  name of the
Rights  Agent shall be changed  and at such time any of the Rights  Certificates
shall have been countersigned but not delivered,  the Rights Agent may adopt the
countersignature  under  its  prior  name and  deliver  Rights  Certificates  so
countersigned; and in case at that time any of the Rights Certificates shall not
have  been   countersigned,   the  Rights  Agent  may  countersign  such  Rights
Certificates  either in its prior name or in its changed  name;  and in all such
cases such Rights  Certificates shall have the full force provided in the Rights
Certificates and in this Agreement.

         Section 20. Duties of Rights  Agent.  The Rights Agent  undertakes  the
duties and  obligations  imposed by this Agreement upon the following  terms and
conditions,  and no  implied  duties  or  obligations  shall be read  into  this
Agreement  against the Rights Agent, by all of which the Company and the holders
of Rights Certificates, by their acceptance thereof, shall be bound:

          (a) Legal  Counsel.  Before the Rights  Agent  acts or  refrains  from
acting,  the  Rights  Agent may  consult  with legal  counsel  (who may be legal
counsel  for the  Company),  and the opinion of such  counsel  shall be full and
complete authorization and protection to the Rights Agent as to any action taken
or omitted to be taken by it in good faith and in accordance with such opinion.

          (b)  Certification by the Company.  Whenever in the performance of its
duties  under  this  Agreement  the Rights  Agent  shall  deem it  necessary  or
desirable that any fact or matter (including,  without limitation,  the identity
of any Acquiring Person and the determination of Current Market Price) be proved
or established by the Company prior to taking or suffering any action hereunder,
such  fact or  matter  (unless  other  evidence  in  respect  thereof  be herein
specifically prescribed) may be deemed to be conclusively proved and established
by a certificate  signed by the Chairman of the Board,  the President,  any Vice
President,  the  Secretary,  any  Assistant  Secretary,  the  Treasurer  or  any
Assistant  Treasurer of the Company and delivered to the Rights Agent;  and such
certificate shall be full authorization to the Rights Agent for any action taken
or  suffered  in good  faith by it under the  provisions  of this  Agreement  in
reliance upon such certificate.

          (c)  Liability for  Negligence,  etc. The Rights Agent shall be liable
hereunder only for its own negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct.

          (d)  Statements  of Fact or  Recitals.  The Rights  Agent shall not be
liable for or by reason of any of the  statements of fact or recitals  contained
in this  Agreement  or in the Rights  Certificates  or be required to verify the
same (except as to its  countersignature on such Rights  Certificates),  but all
such  statements  and  recitals are and shall be deemed to have been made by the
Company only.

          (e)  Agreement;  Adjustments.  The Rights Agent shall not be under any
responsibility in respect of the validity of this Agreement or the execution and
delivery  hereof  (except the due  execution  hereof by the Rights  Agent) or in
respect of the  validity  or  execution  of any Rights  Certificate  (except its
countersignature);  nor shall it be responsible for any breach by the Company of
any  covenant  or  condition  contained  in  this  Agreement  or in  any  Rights
Certificate;  nor shall it be responsible for any adjustment  required under the
provisions  of Section 11  (Adjustment  of  Purchase  Price;  Number and Kind of
Shares or Number of  Rights) or  Section  13  (Consolidation,  Merger or Sale or
Transfer of Assets or Earning  Power) or responsible  for the manner,  method or
amount of any such adjustment or the ascertaining of the existence of facts that
would require any such adjustment (except with respect to the exercise of Rights
evidenced by Rights  Certificates  after actual notice of any such  adjustment);
nor  shall it by any act  hereunder  be  deemed  to make any  representation  or
warranty as to the authorization or reservation of any shares of Common Stock to
be issued pursuant to this Agreement or any Rights  Certificate or as to whether
any shares of Common  Stock  will,  when so issued,  be validly  authorized  and
issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

          (f) Further Assurances. The Company will perform, execute, acknowledge
and deliver or cause to be performed,  executed,  acknowledged and delivered all
such further and other acts,  instruments  and  assurances as may  reasonably be
required by the Rights Agent for the carrying  out or  performing  by the Rights
Agent of the provisions of this Agreement.

          (g)  Instructions.  The Rights Agent is hereby authorized and directed
to accept  instructions  with respect to the performance of its duties hereunder
from  the  Chairman  of the  Board,  the  President,  any  Vice  President,  the
Secretary,  any Assistant Secretary, the Treasurer or any Assistant Treasurer of
the  Company  and to  apply  to such  persons  for  advice  or  instructions  in
connection  with its duties,  and it shall not be liable for any action taken or
suffered to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the  instructions of
any such officer.

          Any application by the Rights Agent for written  instructions from the
Company may, at the option of the Rights Agent,  set forth in writing any action
proposed to be taken or omitted by the Rights Agent under this Agreement and the
date on or after  which such  action  shall be taken or such  omission  shall be
effective.  The Rights  Agent  shall not be liable  for any action  taken by, or
omission of, the Rights Agent in accordance with a proposal included in any such
application on or after the date specified in such application (which date shall
not be less than ten  Business  Days after the date any  officer of the  Company
actually receives such application, unless any such officer shall have consented
in writing to an earlier date)  unless,  prior to taking any such action (or the
effective date in the case of an omission), the Rights Agent shall have received
written instructions in response to such application specifying the action to be
taken or omitted.

          (h) Dealing in Rights. The Rights Agent and any shareholder, director,
officer  or  employee  of the Rights  Agent may buy,  sell or deal in any of the
Rights or other  securities of the Company or become  pecuniarily  interested in
any transaction in which the Company may be interested, or contract with or lend
money to the Company or otherwise  act as fully and freely as though it were not
Rights Agent under this  Agreement.  Nothing  herein  shall  preclude the Rights
Agent from acting in any other  capacity  for the Company or for any other legal
entity.

          (i) Agents; Reasonable Care. The Rights Agent may execute and exercise
any of the rights or powers  hereby  vested in it or perform any duty  hereunder
either  itself or by or through its  attorneys  or agents,  and the Rights Agent
shall  not be  answerable  or  accountable  for any  act,  default,  neglect  or
misconduct  of any such  attorneys  or  agents  or for any  loss to the  Company
resulting from any such act, default, neglect or misconduct;  provided, however,
reasonable care was exercised in the selection and continued employment thereof.

          (j) Expenses;  Repayment  Assurances.  No provision of this  Agreement
shall  require  the  Rights  Agent to expend or risk its own funds or  otherwise
incur any financial  liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder
or in the  exercise  of its  rights if there  shall be  reasonable  grounds  for
believing that repayment of such funds or adequate  indemnification against such
risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.

          (k) Exercise of Rights; Consultation with Company. If, with respect to
any Rights Certificate surrendered to the Rights Agent for exercise or transfer,
the  certificate  attached  to the form of  assignment  or form of  election  to
purchase,  as the case may be, has either not been  completed  or  indicates  an
affirmative  response to clause 1 and/or 2 thereof,  the Rights  Agent shall not
take any further  action  with  respect to such  requested  exercise of transfer
without first consulting with the Company.

          (l) The Rights Agent shall not be required to take notice or be deemed
to  have  notice  of  any  fact,  event  or  determination  (including,  without
limitation,  any dates or events defined in this Agreement or the designation of
any Person as an Acquiring Person,  Affiliate or Associate) under this Agreement
unless and until the Rights Agent shall be  specifically  notified in writing by
the Company of such fact, event or determination.

         Section 21. Change of Rights  Agent.  The Rights Agent or any successor
Rights Agent may resign and be discharged  from its duties under this  Agreement
upon thirty (30) calendar days' notice in writing mailed to the Company,  and to
the transfer agent of the Common Stock, by registered or certified mail, and, at
the  expense  of the  Company,  to the  holders of the  Rights  Certificates  by
first-class  mail.  The  Company  may remove the Rights  Agent or any  successor
Rights Agent upon thirty (30)  calendar  days' notice in writing,  mailed to the
Rights Agent or successor  Rights Agent, as the case may be, and to the transfer
agent of the Common Stock,  by registered or certified  mail, and to the holders
of the Rights Certificates by first-class mail. If the Rights Agent shall resign
or be removed or shall otherwise become  incapable of acting,  the Company shall
appoint a successor to the Rights Agent.  If the Company shall fail to make such
appointment  within a period of thirty (30) calendar days after giving notice of
such  removal or after it has been  notified in writing of such  resignation  or
incapacity by the resigning or incapacitated  Rights Agent or by the holder of a
Rights  Certificate (who shall, with such notice,  submit his Rights Certificate
for  inspection  by the  Company),  then the  registered  holder  of any  Rights
Certificate may apply to any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment
of a new Rights Agent.  Any successor  Rights  Agent,  whether  appointed by the
Company  or by such a court,  shall be (a) a  corporation  organized  and  doing
business  under the laws of the  United  States  or of any  State of the  United
States, in good standing,  which is authorized under such laws to exercise stock
transfer or corporate trust powers,  is subject to supervision or examination by
federal or state  authority  and either has or is an Affiliate of an entity that
has at the time of its  appointment  as  Rights  Agent a  combined  capital  and
surplus of at least  $50,000,000 or (b) an Affiliate of a corporation  described
in clause (a) of this sentence.  After  appointment,  the successor Rights Agent
shall be vested with the same powers,  rights, duties and responsibilities as if
it had been  originally  named as Rights Agent without  further act or deed; but
the predecessor  Rights Agent shall deliver and transfer to the successor Rights
Agent any property at the time held by it hereunder, and execute and deliver any
further assurance,  conveyance, act or deed necessary for the purpose. Not later
than the effective date of any such  appointment,  the Company shall file notice
thereof in writing with the predecessor  Rights Agent and each transfer agent of
the Common Stock, and mail a notice thereof in writing to the registered holders
of the Rights  Certificates.  Failure to give any  notice  provided  for in this
Section 21 (Change of Rights Agent), or any defect therein, shall not affect the
legality or validity of the  resignation  or removal of the Rights  Agent or the
appointment of the successor Rights Agent, as the case may be.

         Section 22. Issuance of New Rights Certificates. Notwithstanding any of
the provisions of this  Agreement or of the Rights to the contrary,  the Company
may, at its option, issue new Rights Certificates evidencing Rights in such form
as may be  approved  by the Board to  reflect  any  adjustment  or change in the
Purchase Price and the number or kind or class of shares or other  securities or
property  purchasable under the Rights  Certificates made in accordance with the
provisions of this  Agreement.  In addition,  in connection with the issuance or
sale of shares of Common Stock following the Distribution  Date and prior to the
redemption or expiration of the Rights,  the Company (a) shall,  with respect to
shares of  Common  Stock so issued or sold  pursuant  to the  exercise  of stock
options  or under  any  employee  plan or  arrangement,  or upon  the  exercise,
conversion or exchange of securities  hereafter issued by the Company, in either
case outstanding as of the Distribution Date, and (b) may, in any other case, if
deemed  necessary  or  appropriate  by  the  Board,  issue  Rights  Certificates
representing  the appropriate  number of Rights in connection with such issuance
or sale; provided,  however, that (i) no such Rights Certificate shall be issued
if, and to the extent  that,  the Company  shall be advised by counsel that such
issuance would create a significant  risk of material,  adverse tax consequences
to the  Company or the Person to whom such Rights  Certificate  would be issued,
and (ii) no such Rights  Certificate shall be issued if, and to the extent that,
appropriate  adjustment  shall  otherwise have been made in lieu of the issuance
thereof.

         Section 23.       Redemption and Termination.

          (a) Redemption.  The Company may, at its option,  at any time prior to
the earlier of (i) the Close of Business on the tenth Business Day following the
Stock  Acquisition  Date (or, if the Stock  Acquisition Date shall have occurred
prior to the  Record  Date,  the Close of  Business  on the tenth  Business  Day
following the Record Date), or (ii) the Final Expiration Date,  redeem (the date
of such redemption  being referred to herein as the  "Redemption  Date") all but
not less than all of the then outstanding  Rights at a redemption price of $0.05
per Right,  as such  amount may be  appropriately  adjusted to reflect any stock
split,  stock dividend or similar  transaction  occurring  after the date hereof
(such redemption price being hereinafter referred to as the "Redemption Price");
provided, however, that if, following the occurrence of a Stock Acquisition Date
and following the  expiration of the right of redemption  hereunder but prior to
any  Triggering  Event,  (i) a Person  who is an  Acquiring  Person  shall  have
transferred  or otherwise  disposed of a number of shares of Common Stock in one
transaction or series of transactions,  not directly or indirectly involving the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries,  which did not result in the occurrence of a
Triggering  Event such that such Person is thereafter a Beneficial  Owner of 10%
or less of the outstanding  shares of Common Stock, and (ii) there are not other
Persons,  immediately  following the occurrence of the event described in clause
(i), who are Acquiring Persons, then the right of redemption shall be reinstated
and thereafter be subject to the provisions of this Section 23.  Notwithstanding
anything  contained in this  Agreement to the contrary,  the Rights shall not be
exercisable after the first occurrence of a Flip-in Event until such time as the
Company's  right of  redemption  hereunder  has expired.  The  redemption of the
Rights by the Company may be made effective at such time, on such basis and with
such conditions as the Board in its sole  discretion may establish.  The Company
may, at its option,  pay the  Redemption  Price in cash,  shares of Common Stock
(based  on the  Current  Market  Price  of the  Common  Stock  at  the  time  of
redemption) or any other form of consideration deemed appropriate by the Board.

          (b) Effect of Redemption;  Procedure.  Immediately  upon the action of
the Company ordering the redemption of the Rights,  evidence of which shall have
been filed with the Rights Agent, and without any further action and without any
notice,  the right to  exercise  the Rights  will  terminate  and the only right
thereafter of the holders of Rights shall be to receive the Redemption Price for
each  Right so held.  Promptly  after  the  action  of the  Board  ordering  the
redemption of the Rights,  the Company  shall give notice of such  redemption to
the  Rights  Agent and the  holders  of the then  outstanding  Rights by mailing
notice to all such  holders  at their last  addresses  as they  appear  upon the
registry  books of the Rights Agent or, prior to the  Distribution  Date, on the
registry  books of the transfer  agent for the Common Stock.  Any notice that is
mailed in the manner herein  provided shall be deemed given,  whether or not the
holder receives the notice. Each such notice of redemption will state the method
by which the payment of the Redemption Price will be made.

          Amounts payable shall be rounded down to the nearest $0.01. Any notice
that is mailed in the manner  provided  in this  Agreement  will be deemed to be
given whether or not the holder receives the notice. In any case, the failure to
give such notice by mail, or any defect in the notice,  to any particular holder
shall not  affect  the  sufficiency  of the  notice to the other  holders of the
Rights and the validity of the proceedings.

         Section 24.       Exchange.

          (a) Right to Exchange. The Company may, at its option, at any time and
from time to time after the first occurrence of a Flip-in Event, exchange all or
part of the then  outstanding  and  exercisable  Rights (other than Rights which
have  become  void as provided in Section  7(e)  (Exercise  of Rights;  Purchase
Price;  Expiration Date of Rights -- Termination of Acquiring  Person's Rights))
for the  Exchange  Number of shares of Common  Stock or shares or units of other
equity  securities (if authorized to be issued by the Articles of Incorporation)
which the Board has determined to be a Common Stock  Equivalent,  units of other
property or any combination thereof as determined by the Board.  Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the Company shall not be empowered to effect such exchange at any
time after any Person  (other than the Company,  any  Subsidiary of the Company,
any employee  benefit plan of the Company or any such  Subsidiary  or any entity
holding shares of Common Stock for or pursuant to any such plan),  together with
all Affiliates and  Associates of such Person,  becomes the Beneficial  Owner of
50% or more of the shares of Common Stock then outstanding.  The exchange of the
Rights by the Company may be made effective at such time, on such basis and with
such conditions as the Board in its sole discretion may establish.

          (b) Effect of Exchange; Procedure.  Immediately upon the action of the
Company  ordering the exchange of any Rights  pursuant to paragraph  (a) of this
Section 24,  evidence  of which shall have been filed with the Rights  Agent and
without any further  action and without any notice,  the right to exercise  such
Rights will  terminate and the only right  thereafter of a holder of such Rights
shall be to  receive  that  number  of  shares of  Common  Stock,  Common  Stock
Equivalents  or units of other  property equal to the number of such Rights held
by such holder  multiplied by the Exchange Number.  Promptly after the action of
the Company  ordering  the  exchange of the Rights,  the Company  shall (i) file
evidence of such action with the Rights  Agent,  (ii) give public notice of such
exchange;  provided,  however,  that the failure to give, or any defect in, such
notice shall not affect the validity of such exchange,  and (iii) mail notice of
such  exchange  to the holders of such  Rights at their last  addresses  as they
appear upon the registry books of the Rights Agent. Any notice that is mailed in
the manner  herein  provided  shall be deemed  given,  whether or not the holder
receives the notice. Each such notice of exchange will state the method by which
the exchange  will be effected  and, in the event of any partial  exchange,  the
number of Rights which will be exchanged. Any partial exchange shall be effected
pro rata based on the number of Rights (other than Rights which have become void
as provided in Section 7(e) (Exercise of Rights; Purchase Price; Expiration Date
of Rights -- Termination of Acquiring  Person's  Rights)) held by each holder of
Rights.

          (c) Common Stock Equivalents. In any exchange pursuant to this Section
24, the Company,  at its option,  may substitute  Common Stock  Equivalents  for
Common Stock exchangeable for Rights, at the initial rate of one share of Common
Stock  Equivalent for each share of Common Stock, as  appropriately  adjusted to
reflect  adjustments  in the voting  rights of the Common Stock  pursuant to the
Company's  Articles  of  Incorporation,  so  that  the  share  of  Common  Stock
Equivalent  delivered  in lieu of each share of Common Stock shall have the same
voting rights as one share of Common Stock.

          (d) Insufficient  Common Stock. In the event that the number of shares
of Common Stock which are authorized by the Company's  Articles of Incorporation
but not  outstanding  or reserved  for  issuance  for  purposes  other than upon
exercise  of the Rights is not  sufficient  to permit any  exchange of Rights in
accordance  with this Section 24, or other equity  securities are not authorized
by the Articles of Incorporation  the Company may, at its option,  take all such
action as may be  necessary to  authorize  additional  shares of Common Stock or
other equity securities for issuance upon such exchange.

          (e)  Fractional  Shares.  Upon the action of the Company  ordering the
exchange of any Rights pursuant to paragraph (a) of this Section 24, the Company
shall not be required to issue fractions of shares or to distribute certificates
which evidence fractional shares. In lieu of such fractional shares, the Company
may pay to the  registered  holders of the Rights  Certificates  with  regard to
which such fractional shares would otherwise be issuable an amount in cash equal
to the same  fraction of the current  market value of one share of Common Stock.
For purposes of this Section 24, the current market value of one share of Common
Stock shall be the  closing  price of one share of Common  Stock (as  determined
pursuant to Section 11(d)(i)  (Adjustment of Purchase Price;  Number and Kind of
Shares or  Number  of Rights --  Current  Market  Price))  for the  Trading  Day
immediately  prior to the date of exchange  pursuant to this Section 24, and the
value of any Common  Stock  Equivalent  shall be deemed to have the same current
market value as the Common Stock on such date.

         Section 25.       Notice of Certain Events.

          (a) Common Stock Transactions, etc. In case the Company shall propose,
at any time after the  Distribution  Date,  (i) to  declare or pay any  dividend
payable  in stock of any class to the  holders  of  Common  Stock or to make any
other  distribution  to the  holders  of  Common  Stock  (other  than a  regular
quarterly  cash  dividend out of earnings or retained  earnings of the Company);
(ii) to offer to the holders of Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for
or to purchase any  additional  shares of Common Stock or shares of stock of any
class  or  any  other  securities,  rights  or  options;  (iii)  to  effect  any
reclassification  of its Common Stock (other than a  reclassification  involving
only the subdivision of outstanding shares of Common Stock);  (iv) to effect any
consolidation  with, merger into or with, or statutory share exchange or similar
transaction  with, any other Person (other than a Subsidiary of the Company in a
transaction  which complies with Section 11(o)  (Adjustment  of Purchase  Price;
Number and Kind of Shares or Number of Rights -- Restriction against Diminishing
Benefits of the Rights)),  or to effect any sale or other transfer (or to permit
one or more of its  Subsidiaries to effect any sale or other  transfer),  in one
transaction or a series of related transactions, of more than 50% of the assets,
cash flow or  earning  power of the  Company  and its  Subsidiaries  (taken as a
whole) to any other Person or Persons  (other than the Company and/or any of its
Subsidiaries  in one or more  transactions  each of which  complies with Section
11(o)); (v) to effect the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company,
or (vi) to effect a subdivision,  combination or  consolidation of the shares of
Common Stock (by  reclassification  or otherwise than by payment of dividends in
Common Stock), then, in each such case, the Company shall give to each holder of
a Rights  Certificate,  to the extent feasible and in accordance with Section 26
(Notices), a notice of such proposed action, which shall specify the record date
for the purposes of such stock dividend,  distribution of rights or warrants, or
the date on which such reclassification,  consolidation, merger, statutory share
exchange or similar transaction,  sale, transfer,  liquidation,  dissolution, or
winding up is to take place and the date of participation therein by the holders
of the shares of Common Stock, if any such date is to be fixed,  and such notice
shall be so given in the case of any action  covered by clause (i) or (ii) above
at least  twenty (20)  calendar  days prior to the record  date for  determining
holders of the shares of Common Stock for  purposes of such  action,  and in the
case of any such other  action,  at least twenty (20) calendar days prior to the
date of the taking of such proposed action or the date of participation  therein
by the holders of the shares of Common Stock, whichever shall be the earlier.

          (b) Other Transactions. In case any of the events set forth in Section
11(a)(ii)  (Adjustment of Purchase Price; Number and Kind of Shares or Number of
Rights -- Certain  Adjustments)  shall occur,  then,  in any such case,  (i) the
Company shall as soon as practicable  thereafter give to each holder of a Rights
Certificate, to the extent feasible and in accordance with Section 26 (Notices),
a notice of the occurrence of such event,  which shall specify the event and the
consequences of the event to holders of Rights under Section 11(a)(ii), and (ii)
all  references  in the  preceding  paragraph  to Common  Stock  shall be deemed
thereafter to refer to, if appropriate, other securities.

         Section 26. Notices. Notices or demands authorized by this Agreement to
be given or made by the Rights Agent or by the holder of any Rights  Certificate
to or on the Company shall be  sufficiently  given or made if sent by telecopier
(with receipt  confirmed) or by first-class  mail,  postage  prepaid,  addressed
(until another address is filed in writing with the Rights Agent) as follows:


                              TNP Enterprises, Inc.
                            4100 International Plaza
                             Fort Worth, Texas 76109
                           Attention: General Counsel

Subject to the provisions of Section 21 (Change of Rights Agent),  any notice or
demand authorized by this Agreement to be given or made by the Company or by the
holder of any  Rights  Certificate  to or on the Rights  Agent  shall be sent by
registered or certified  mail and shall be deemed given upon receipt,  addressed
(until another address is filed in writing with the Company) as follows:



                                      
                              The Bank of New York
                                101 Barclay St.
                                    12 West
                            New York, New York 10286
                           Attention: Stock Transfer

Notices  or  demands  authorized  by this  Agreement  to be given or made by the
Company or the Rights  Agent to the holder of any  Rights  Certificate  (or,  if
prior to the  Distribution  Date,  to the  holder of  certificates  representing
shares  of  Common  Stock)  shall  be  sufficiently  given  or  made  if sent by
first-class  mail,  postage prepaid,  addressed to such holder at the address of
such holder as shown on the registry books of the Company.





          Section 27. Supplements and Amendments. Prior to the Distribution Date
and subject to the penultimate  sentence of this Section 27, the Company and the
Rights Agent shall, if the Company so directs, supplement or amend any provision
of  this  Agreement   without  the  approval  of  any  holders  of  certificates
representing  shares of Common Stock.  From and after the Distribution  Date and
subject to the  penultimate  sentence  of this  Section  27, the Company and the
Rights  Agent  shall,  if the  Company  so  directs,  supplement  or amend  this
Agreement  without the approval of any holders of Rights  Certificates  in order
(i) to cure any ambiguity, (ii) to correct or supplement any provision contained
herein which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provisions  herein,
(iii) to shorten or  lengthen  any time  period  hereunder  or (iv) to change or
supplement  the  provisions  hereunder  in any manner which the Company may deem
necessary or desirable and which shall not adversely affect the interests of the
holders of Rights  Certificates  (other than an Acquiring Person or an Affiliate
or Associate of an Acquiring Person); provided,  however, this Agreement may not
be  supplemented  or  amended  to  lengthen,  pursuant  to clause  (iii) of this
sentence,  (A) a time period relating to when the Rights may be redeemed at such
time as the Rights are not then redeemable,  or (B) any other time period unless
such  lengthening is for the purpose of protecting,  enhancing or clarifying the
rights of, and/or the benefits to, the holders of Rights. Upon the delivery of a
certificate  from an  appropriate  officer of the Company  which states that the
proposed supplement or amendment is in compliance with the terms of this Section
27, the Rights Agent shall execute such  supplement  or amendment.  Prior to the
Distribution  Date,  the  interests  of the  holders  of Rights  shall be deemed
coincident  with the interests of the holders of Common  Stock.  Notwithstanding
anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, no supplement or amendment
shall be made which changes the Redemption Price, the Final Expiration Date, the
Purchase  Price,  or the  number of shares of Common  Stock for which a right is
exercisable;  provided,  however,  that  at  any  time  prior  to  (i)  a  Stock
Acquisition  Date or (ii) the date that a tender or exchange offer by any Person
(other than the Company,  any  Subsidiary of the Company,  any employee  benefit
plan of the Company or any  Subsidiary  of the Company,  or any Person or entity
organized,  appointed or established by the Company for or pursuant to the terms
of any such plan) is first published or sent or given within the meaning of Rule
14d-2(a) of the General  Rules and  Regulations  under the Exchange Act, if upon
consummation  thereof,  such Person would be the Beneficial Owner of 10% or more
of the  shares of  Common  Stock  then  outstanding,  the  Board may amend  this
Agreement to increase the Purchase  Price or extend the Final  Expiration  Date.
Notwithstanding  anything in this  Agreement to the  contrary,  no supplement or
amendment  that  changes  the rights and duties of the Rights  Agent  under this
Agreement  will be effective  against the Rights Agent  without the execution of
such supplement or amendment by the Rights Agent.

          Section 28.  Successors.  All the  covenants  and  provisions  of this
Agreement  by or for the benefit of the  Company or the Rights  Agent shall bind
and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns hereunder.
  
          Section 29. Determinations and Actions by the Board of Directors, etc.
For all purposes of this  Agreement,  any calculation of the number of shares of
Common Stock  outstanding  at any  particular  time,  including  for purposes of
determining the particular percentage of such outstanding shares of Common Stock
of which any Person is the Beneficial  Owner,  shall be made in accordance  with
the last sentence of Rule  13d-3(d)(1)(i)  of the General Rules and  Regulations
under the Exchange Act. The Board (with, where specifically provided for herein,
the  concurrence  or approval  of the  Disinterested  Directors)  shall have the
exclusive  power and authority to administer  this Agreement and to exercise all
rights and powers  specifically  granted to the Board (with,  where specifically
provided for herein, the concurrence or approval of the Disinterested Directors)
or to the Company,  or as may be necessary or advisable in the administration of
this  Agreement,  including,  without  limitation,  the  right  and power to (i)
interpret the  provisions of this  Agreement,  and (ii) make all  determinations
deemed  necessary  or  advisable  for  the   administration  of  this  Agreement
(including  a  determination  to redeem or not redeem the Rights or to amend the
Agreement). All such actions,  calculations,  interpretations and determinations
(including,  for purposes of clause (y) below, all omissions with respect to the
foregoing)  which  are  done or  made by the  Board  (with,  where  specifically
provided for herein, the concurrence or approval of the Disinterested Directors)
in good faith,  shall (x) be final,  conclusive and binding on the Company,  the
Rights  Agent,  the  holders of the Rights  and all other  parties,  and (y) not
subject the Board or the Disinterested Directors to any liability to the holders
of the Rights.

          Section 30.  Benefits  of this  Agreement.  Nothing in this  Agreement
shall be  construed  to give to any Person  other than the  Company,  the Rights
Agent and the registered  holders of the Rights  Certificates (and, prior to the
Distribution  Date,  registered  holders  of the  Common  Stock)  any  legal  or
equitable right, remedy or claim under this Agreement;  but this Agreement shall
be for the sole and exclusive  benefit of the Company,  the Rights Agent and the
registered  holders of the Rights  Certificates  (and, prior to the Distribution
Date, registered holders of the Common Stock).

          Section  31.  Severability.   If  any  term,  provision,  covenant  or
restriction  of this Agreement is held by a court of competent  jurisdiction  or
other  authority  to be invalid,  void or  unenforceable,  the  remainder of the
terms, provisions,  covenants and restrictions of this Agreement shall remain in
full force and effect and shall in no way be affected,  impaired or invalidated;
provided,  however,  that  notwithstanding  anything  in this  Agreement  to the
contrary, if any such term,  provision,  covenant or restriction is held by such
court or authority to be invalid, void or unenforceable and the Board determines
in its good  faith  judgment  that  severing  the  invalid  language  from  this
Agreement  would adversely  affect the purpose or effect of this Agreement,  the
right of redemption set forth in Section 23 (Redemption and  Termination)  shall
be  reinstated  and shall not expire  until the Close of  Business  on the tenth
Business Day  following  the date of such  determination  by the Board.  Without
limiting the foregoing, if any provision requiring a majority of the Board to be
Disinterested Directors to act is held by any court of competent jurisdiction or
other authority to be invalid,  void or unenforceable,  such determination shall
then be made by the Board in accordance  with  applicable  law and the Company's
Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws.

          Section 32. Governing Law Section. This Agreement, each Right and each
Rights  Certificate issued hereunder shall be deemed to be a contract made under
the laws of the State of Texas and for all  purposes  shall be  governed  by and
construed in accordance with the laws of such State applicable to contracts made
and to be performed  entirely  within such State;  provided,  however,  that all
other  duties,  obligations  and  responsibilities  of the Rights Agent shall be
construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.

          Section 33. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number
of counterparts and each of such  counterparts  shall for all purposes be deemed
to be an original,  and all such counterparts shall together  constitute but one
and the same instrument.

          Section 34. Descriptive Headings.  Descriptive headings of the several
Sections of this  Agreement  are  inserted  for  convenience  only and shall not
control or affect the meaning or construction of any of the provisions hereof.

                                            


         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed and their  respective  corporate seals to be hereunto  affixed and
attested, all as of the day and year first above written.


Attest:                                     TNP ENTERPRISES, INC.



By:  /s/ Michael D. Blanchard               By:   /s/ Kevern R. Joyce
     -------------------------                    ----------------------------
     Michael D. Blanchard                         Kevern R. Joyce
     Vice President and General                   President and Chief Executive
     Counsel                                      Officer





                                            THE BANK OF NEW YORK,
                                            as Rights Agent


                                            By:     /s/ William F. Powers
                                                    ------------------------

                                                    William F. Powers
                                                    Assistant Vice President

<PAGE>

                                                                      Exhibit 1



                          [Form of Rights Certificate]


Certificate No. R____                               ______ Rights


NOT  EXERCISABLE  AFTER  AUGUST  11,  2008 OR  EARLIER  IF  REDEEMED  BY THE TNP
ENTERPRISES,  INC. ("THE  CORPORATION").  THE RIGHTS  REPRESENTED BY THIS RIGHTS
CERTIFICATE  ARE SUBJECT TO  REDEMPTION,  AT THE OPTION OF THE  CORPORATION,  AT
$0.05  PER  RIGHT ON THE TERMS SET  FORTH IN THE  AMENDED  AND  RESTATED  RIGHTS
AGREEMENT  DATED AS OF AUGUST 11, 1998, BY AND BETWEEN THE  CORPORATION  AND THE
BANK OF NEW YORK, AS RIGHTS AGENT (THE "AMENDED AND RESTATED RIGHTS AGREEMENT").
UNDER CERTAIN  CIRCUMSTANCES,  RIGHTS  BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY AN ACQUIRING PERSON
(AS SUCH TERM IS DEFINED IN THE AMENDED AND RESTATED  RIGHTS  AGREEMENT) AND ANY
SUBSEQUENT  HOLDER  OF SUCH  RIGHTS  MAY  BECOME  NULL  AND  VOID.  [THE  RIGHTS
REPRESENTED  BY THIS  RIGHTS  CERTIFICATE  ARE OR WERE  BENEFICIALLY  OWNED BY A
PERSON WHO WAS OR BECAME AN ACQUIRING  PERSON OR AN AFFILIATE OR ASSOCIATE OF AN
ACQUIRING  PERSON (AS SUCH TERMS ARE DEFINED IN THE AMENDED AND RESTATED  RIGHTS
AGREEMENT).  ACCORDINGLY,  THIS RIGHTS  CERTIFICATE  AND THE RIGHTS  REPRESENTED
HEREBY MAY BECOME NULL AND VOID IN THE  CIRCUMSTANCES  SPECIFIED IN SECTION 7(e)
(EXERCISE OF RIGHTS; PURCHASE PRICE; EXPIRATION DATE OF RIGHTS -- TERMINATION OF
ACQUIRING PERSON'S RIGHTS) OF SUCH AGREEMENT.]   1     

                               Rights Certificate
                              TNP ENTERPRISES, INC.







     This certifies that  -----------------------------------------------------,
or its, his or her registered  assigns, is the registered owner of the number of
Rights set forth above, each of which entitles the owner thereof, subject to the
terms,  provisions and conditions of the Amended and Restated Rights  Agreement,
dated as of August 11,  1998 (the  "Amended  and  Restated  Rights  Agreement"),
between TNP Enterprises, Inc., a Texas corporation (the "Corporation"),  and The
Bank of New York (the "Rights  Agent"),  to purchase from the Corporation at any
time prior to 5:00 P.M.  (Fort  Worth,  Texas  time) on August  11,  2008 at the
office or  offices of the  Rights  Agent  designated  for such  purpose,  or its
successors as Rights Agent, one fully paid,  nonassessable share of Common Stock
(the  "Common  Stock") of the  Corporation,  at a purchase  price of $100.00 per
share (the "Purchase  Price"),  upon  presentation  and surrender of this Rights
Certificate  with the Form of Election to Purchase and related  Certificate duly
executed.  The Purchase  Price shall be paid, at the election of the holder,  in
cash or shares of Common Stock of the Company  having an equivalent  value.  The
number of Rights evidenced by this Rights  Certificate (and the number of shares
which may be purchased upon exercise  thereof) set forth above, and the Purchase
Price per share  set  forth  above,  are the  number  and  Purchase  Price as of
- ---------------,  -----,  based on the Common Stock as constituted at such date.
The  Corporation  reserves  the right to require  prior to the  occurrence  of a
Triggering  Event (as such term is defined in the  Amended and  Restated  Rights
Agreement) that upon any exercise of Rights,  a number of Rights be exercised so
that only whole shares of Common Stock would be issued.

         Upon the  occurrence of a Flip-in Event (as such term is defined in the
Amended and Restated Rights  Agreement),  if the Rights evidenced by this Rights
Certificate are beneficially owned by (i) an Acquiring Person or an Associate or
Affiliate  or any such  Person (as such terms are  defined  in the  Amended  and
Restated  Rights  Agreement),  (ii) a transferee  of an Acquiring  Person or its
Associate or Affiliate who becomes a transferee  after such Acquiring  Person or
its Associate or Affiliate  becomes  such, or (iii) under certain  circumstances
specified  in the Amended and Restated  Rights  Agreement,  a  transferee  of an
Acquiring Person or its Associate or Affiliate who becomes a transferee prior to
or  concurrently  with the Acquiring  Person  becoming  such,  such Rights shall
become null and void and no holder  hereof  shall have any right with respect to
such Rights from and after the occurrence of such Flip-in Event.

         As provided in the Amended and Restated Rights Agreement,  the Purchase
Price and the  number  and kind of shares of Common  Stock or other  securities,
which may be purchased upon the exercise of the Rights  evidenced by this Rights
Certificate  are subject to  modification  and adjustment  upon the happening of
certain  events,  including  Triggering  Events  (as such term is defined in the
Amended and Restated Rights Agreement).

         This Rights Certificate is subject to all of the terms,  provisions and
conditions of the Amended and Restated Rights Agreement, which terms, provisions
and  conditions  are hereby  incorporated  herein by  reference  and made a part
hereof and to which Amended and Restated  Rights  Agreement  reference is hereby
made for a full description of the rights,  limitations of rights,  obligations,
duties and immunities  hereunder of the Rights Agent,  the  Corporation  and the
holders of the Rights  Certificates,  which  limitations  of rights  include the
temporary  suspension  of the  exercisability  of such Rights under the specific
circumstances set forth in the Amended and Restated Rights Agreement.  Copies of
the Amended and Restated  Rights  Agreement  are on file at the  above-mentioned
office of the Rights Agent and are also  available  upon written  request to the
Rights Agent.

         This Rights  Certificate,  with or without  other Rights  Certificates,
upon surrender at the principal office or offices of the Rights Agent designated
for such purpose,  may be exchanged  for another  Rights  Certificate  or Rights
Certificates  of like tenor and date evidencing  Rights  entitling the holder to
purchase  a like  aggregate  number  of shares  of  Common  Stock as the  Rights
evidenced by the Rights  Certificate or Rights  Certificates  surrendered  shall
have  entitled  such holder to  purchase.  If this Rights  Certificate  shall be
exercised in part, the holder shall be entitled to receive upon surrender hereof
another Rights Certificate or Rights Certificates for the number of whole Rights
for which this Rights Certificate is not exercised.

         Subject to the provisions of the Amended and Restated Rights Agreement,
the Rights  evidenced by this Certificate (i) may be redeemed by the Corporation
at its option at a redemption  price of $0.05 per Right at any time prior to the
earlier of (a) the Close of Business (as such term is defined in the Amended and
Restated  Rights  Agreement)  on the tenth (10th)  Business Day (as such term is
defined in the  Amended  and  Restated  Rights  Agreement)  following  the Stock
Acquisition  Date (as such term is defined in the  Amended and  Restated  Rights
Agreement)  (as such time  period may be  extended  pursuant  to the Amended and
Restated  Rights  Agreement) or (b) the Final  Expiration  Date (as such term is
defined in the Amended and Restated Rights  Agreement) and (ii) may be exchanged
in  whole  or in  part  for  shares  of  Common  Stock,  other  property  or any
combination thereof.

         In  addition,  the Rights may be  exchanged,  in whole or in part,  for
shares  of the  Common  Stock,  or shares of  common  stock  equivalents  of the
Corporation having essentially the same value or economic rights as such shares.
Immediately  upon the  action  of the  Board  of  Directors  of the  Corporation
authorizing any such exchange, and without any further action or any notice, the
Rights (other than Rights which are not subject to such exchange) will terminate
and the Rights will only enable holders to receive the shares issuable upon such
exchange.

         No  fractional  shares of Common Stock will be issued upon the exercise
of any Right or Rights evidenced hereby,  but a cash payment may be made in lieu
thereof, as provided in the Amended and Restated Rights Agreement.

         No holder  of this  Rights  Certificate  shall be  entitled  to vote or
receive  dividends  or be deemed for any  purpose the holder of shares of Common
Stock or of any other  securities  of the  Corporation  which may at any time be
issuable on the exercise hereof, nor shall anything contained in the Amended and
Restated  Rights  Agreement  or herein be  construed  to confer  upon the holder
hereof,  as such, any of the rights of a shareholder  of the  Corporation or any
right to vote for the  election of  directors  or upon any matter  submitted  to
shareholders of the Corporation at any meeting  thereof,  or to give or withhold
consent  to any  corporate  action or to  receive  notice of  meetings  or other
actions  affecting  shareholders of the  Corporation  (except as provided in the
Amended and Restated Rights Agreement),  or to receive dividends or subscription
rights,  or  otherwise,  until  the  Right or Rights  evidenced  by this  Rights
Certificate  shall have been  exercised  as provided in the Amended and Restated
Rights Agreement.

         This  Rights  Certificate  shall  not be  valid or  obligatory  for any
purpose until it shall have been countersigned by the Rights Agent.

                       

<PAGE>



         WITNESS  the  facsimile   signature  of  the  proper  officers  of  the
Corporation and its corporate seal.



Dated as of ---------------------

ATTEST:                                 TNP ENTERPRISES, INC.


- ---------------------------------
Secretary                               By:    
                                               -----------------------------
                                        Title: 
                                               -----------------------------



Countersigned:

RIGHTS AGENT


By:
         ------------------------
         Authorized Signature




                  [Form of Reverse Side of Rights Certificate]


                               FORM OF ASSIGNMENT


                (To be executed by the registered holder if such
               holder desires to transfer the Rights Certificate.)


FOR VALUE RECEIVED,----------------------------------------------
hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto---------------------------------------
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  (Please print name and address of transferee)

this  Rights  Certificate,  together  with all  right,  title and  interest
therein,    and    does    hereby    irrevocably    constitute    and    appoint
- ------------------------  Attorney, to transfer the within Rights Certificate on
the books of the within-named Corporation, with full power of substitution.


Dated: -------------------          ------------------------------------------
                                    Signature

Signature Guaranteed:



                                   CERTIFICATE

         The  undersigned  hereby  certifies by checking the  appropriate  boxes
that:

          (1) this Rights Certificate / / is / / is not being sold, assigned and
transferred by or on behalf of a Person who is or was an Acquiring  Person or an
Affiliate or Associate of any such  Acquiring  Person (as such terms are defined
in the Amended and Restated Rights Agreement); and

          (2) after due inquiry and to the best knowledge of the undersigned, it
/ / did / / did not acquire the Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate from
any  Person  who is,  was or  subsequently  became  an  Acquiring  Person  or an
Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person.


Dated:----------------------        -----------------------------------
                                    Signature


Signature Guaranteed:


<PAGE>


                                     NOTICE

         The  signature  to  the  foregoing   Assignment  and  Certificate  must
correspond  to the name as written upon the face of this Rights  Certificate  in
every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever.


<PAGE>



                          FORM OF ELECTION TO PURCHASE
                      (To be executed if holder desires to
                       exercise Rights represented by the
                              Rights Certificate.)

To:      TNP ENTERPRISES, INC.

         The undersigned hereby  irrevocably elects to exercise --------------- 
Rights  represented by this Rights  Certificate to purchase the shares of Common
Stock issuable upon the exercise of the Rights (or such other  securities of the
Corporation  or of any other person  which may be issuable  upon the exercise of
the Rights) and requests that certificates for such shares be issued in the name
of and delivered to:

Please insert social security or
other identifying number

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         (Please print name and address)

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------


         If such number of Rights shall not be all the Rights  evidenced by this
Rights  Certificate,  a new Rights  Certificate  for the  balance of such Rights
shall be registered in the name of and delivered to:

Please insert social security or
other identifying number

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         (Please print name and address)

- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       



Dated:    ------------------        ---------------------------------------
                                    Signature

Signature Guaranteed:



<PAGE>


                                   CERTIFICATE

         The  undersigned  hereby  certifies by checking the  appropriate  boxes
that:

         (1) the Rights evidenced by this Rights  Certificate  / / are / /
are not being  exercised  by or on behalf of a Person who is or was an Acquiring
Person or an Affiliate or Associate of any such Acquiring  Person (as such terms
are defined in the Amended and Restated Rights Agreement); and

         (2) after due inquiry and to the best knowledge of the undersigned,  it
/ /  did  / /  did  not  acquire  the  Rights  evidenced  by  this  Rights
Certificate  from any  Person who is,  was or became an  Acquiring  Person or an
Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person.


Dated:  -------------------         ---------------------------------------
                                    Signature

Signature Guaranteed:



                                     NOTICE

         The  signature to the  foregoing  Election to Purchase and  Certificate
must correspond to the name as written upon the face of this Rights  Certificate
in every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever.


<PAGE>



                                                                    Exhibit 2
                            [Letter to Shareholders]




                               September ---, 1998

Dear TNP Shareholder:

         The Board of Directors of the Company has voted to amend the  Company's
Shareholder Rights Plan to (i) extend its term to August 11, 2008, (ii) increase
the Purchase  Price from $45 per share to $100 per share,  and (iii) provide for
certain other changes.  This Plan was originally  adopted in 1988 and was due to
expire  this  November.  Along with this  letter,  we are  sending you a summary
describing  the amended  Plan.  The  amendment of the Plan requires no action on
your part.

         The  purpose of the Plan is to assure  that  shareholders  are  treated
fairly by anyone who might seek to obtain  control of the Company.  Although our
business  environment has changed in many ways over the ten years since the Plan
was originally adopted,  the corporate takeover  environment remains very active
and hostile bidders still have available a variety of coercive takeover tactics.
The Board  believes that a Shareholder  Rights Plan continues to be an important
tool  to  enable  the  Board  to  represent  effectively  the  interests  of all
shareholders in the event of an unsolicited takeover attempt.

         The amended Plan is very similar to the original  plan. The Plan is not
unique; over 2,000 corporations  throughout the country,  including the majority
of the companies in the Standard & Poor's 500 Index, have adopted similar plans.

         The Plan  does  not in any way  alter  the  financial  strength  of the
company or interfere with its business  plans.  The amendment of the Plan is not
dilutive, does not affect reported earnings per share, and is not taxable to you
or the Company.

         The board and  management are  enthusiastic  about the potential of the
Company to build  long-term  shareholder  value and are committed to serving the
best interest of its shareholders, its employees, and the communities it serves.
We believe that the amended Plan will help protect the value of your  investment
in TNP Enterprises, Inc.

                                            Yours very truly,



                                            Kevern R. Joyce
                                            Chairman of the Board and President


<PAGE>



                          SUMMARY OF RIGHTS TO PURCHASE
                                  COMMON STOCK

         On August 11, 1998,  the Board of Directors  of TNP  Enterprises,  Inc.
(the "Company") extended and amended the Company's  shareholder rights plan (the
"Rights Plan")  originally  adopted in 1988, which was due to expire on November
4, 1998.

         The purpose of the Rights Plan is to deter  certain  coercive  takeover
tactics and to represent  effectively the interests of shareholders in the event
of a takeover  attempt.  The Rights Plan would not deter  negotiated  mergers or
business  combinations  that the Board of Directors  may  determine to be in the
best interests of the Company and its shareholders.

         When it  implemented  the Rights Plan in 1988,  the Board of  Directors
declared a dividend of one common  stock  purchase  right (a  "Right")  for each
outstanding  share of the  Company's  common  stock.  The  dividend  was paid in
November 1988 to each shareholder of record on November 4, 1988. The Company has
also issued one Right with each new share of common stock  issued  subsequently.
Each Right entitles the registered holder to purchase from the Company one share
of common stock.

         The  description  and terms of the Rights are set forth in the  Amended
and Restated  Rights  Agreement  (the "Amended and Restated  Rights  Agreement")
between  the  Company  and The Bank of New York,  as Rights  Agent (the  "Rights
Agent").  This  summary  does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its
entirety by  reference to the Amended and Restated  Rights  Agreement,  which is
incorporated by reference.  A copy of the Amended and Restated Rights  Agreement
is  available  free of  charge  from the  Rights  Agent  or from  the  Company's
corporate secretary.

                                  NEW AMENDMENT
         The primary effects of the August 11 amendments to the Rights Plan are:

               To  increase  the  purchase  price upon  exercise of a Right (the
              "Purchase Price") from $45 per share to $100 per share; and

               To  extend  the  term of the  Rights  and the  Rights  Plan  from
               November 4, 1998 until August 11, 2008.

                   RIGHTS ATTACHED TO COMMON SHARES INITIALLY
         The Rights are currently evidenced by the common stock certificates.  A
notation  on the  certificates  incorporates  the Rights  Plan and  advises  the
certificate  holder of the existence of the Rights.  The Rights are  transferred
with the common stock  certificates.  New common stock certificates issued after
August 11, 1998 will contain a notation  incorporating  the Amended and Restated
Rights Agreement by reference.  The surrender for transfer of outstanding common
stock  certificates  will also constitute the transfer of the Rights  associated
with the common stock.

         DISTRIBUTION OF RIGHTS
         The Company will mail separate  certificates  evidencing  the Rights to
holders  of  record  of  the  common  stock  on  the  "Distribution  Date."  The
Distribution  Date will be the date the Rights  separate  from the common stock,
and will be the earlier to occur of the following two events:

     Ten  (10) business days after a public  announcement that a person or group
          of  affiliated  or  associated  persons (an  "Acquiring  Person")  has
          acquired,  or obtained the right to acquire,  beneficial  ownership of
          ten percent  (10%) or more of the  outstanding  shares of common stock
          (the "Stock Acquisition Date"); or

     Ten  (10) business days (or such later date that the Board of Directors may
          determine)  after the  commencement of a tender or exchange offer that
          would  result in a person or group  beneficially  owning  ten  percent
          (10%) or more of the outstanding shares of common stock.

         After the  Distribution  Date, the separate  Rights  certificates  will
represent the Rights. Only shares of common stock issued before the Distribution
Date will be issued with Rights,  except for (i) shares  issued or sold upon the
exercise of stock option under any employee plan or arrangements,  (ii) upon the
exercise,  conversion or exchange of  securities  that the Company may hereafter
issue, or (iii) as the Board of Directors may otherwise determine.

         RIGHT TO PURCHASE COMPANY STOCK

         The Rights become  exercisable on the Distribution Date and will expire
August 11, 2008, unless earlier redeemed, as described below, or extended by the
Board  of  Directors.  Generally,  from the  Distribution  Date  and  until  the
occurrence  of a  Triggering  Event,  a Rights  holder may  acquire one share of
common  stock for each Right  held.  The  Company  may  require  that only whole
shares, and no fractional shares, of common stock be issued upon exercise.

         When a Rights  holder  (other  than an  Acquiring  Person  and  certain
related parties) exercises the Rights after certain  "Triggering  Events" occur,
that holder will acquire the number of shares of common stock with a value equal
to the result of  dividing  the  Purchase  Price of the Right by one-half of the
common stock's market price at the time of the Triggering  Event,  provided that
the  Rights  are no longer  redeemable  (as  described  below).  Rights  that an
Acquiring Person  beneficially owns (or, under certain  circumstances,  formerly
owned) at the time of the Triggering Event will be null and void.

         For example, at a Purchase Price of $100 per Right, each Right not owed
by an Acquiring Person (or by certain related parties or transferees)  following
one of the  Triggering  Events listed below would entitle its holder to purchase
$200 worth of common  stock (or other  consideration,  as noted above) for $100.
Assuming the Common Stock had a market price of $25 per share at such time,  the
holder of each valid Right would be entitled to purchase eight shares for $100.

         The  certain  Triggering  Events  giving  rise to these  rights  are as
follows:

     The  Company is the  surviving  corporation  in a merger or other  business
          combination  with an Acquiring  Person (or any  associate or affiliate
          thereof) and the common stock remains outstanding and unchanged;

     A person  acquires  beneficial   ownership  of  more  than  10%  of  the
          outstanding  shares of Company  common stock  (except  pursuant to (A)
          certain  consolidations  or mergers  involving the Company or sales or
          transfers of the combined  assets,  cash flow or earning  power of the
          Company  and its  subsidiaries,  or (B) an offer  for all  outstanding
          shares of common  stock of the  Company  at a price and upon terms and
          conditions which a majority of the Disinterested Directors (as defined
          below)  determines  to be in the best  interest of the company and its
          shareholders (a "Qualified Offer"); or

     There is a  reclassification  of  securities,  a  recapitalization  of  the
          Company or other  transactions  (other than sales or  transfers of the
          combined  assets,  cash flow or earning  power of the  Company and its
          subsidiaries)  involving the Company or any of its  subsidiaries  that
          has the  effect  of  increasing  by more  than  one  percent  (1%) the
          proportionate  share of any class of outstanding  equity securities of
          the  Company  or any  of its  subsidiaries  beneficially  owned  by an
          Acquiring Person (or an associate or affiliate thereof).


         RIGHT TO PURCHASE ACQUIRING PERSON'S STOCK

         Certain  Triggering  Events will give rise to a right to acquire common
stock of the  acquiring  company upon exercise of a Right.  If these  Triggering
Events occur,  each holder of a Right (except  Rights held by, or certain Rights
formerly  held by, an  Acquiring  Person),  shall  thereafter  have the right to
receive,  upon  exercise of the Right,  common  stock of the  acquiring  company
having a value equal to two times the Purchase Price of the Right.

The   Triggering  Events  giving  rise  to the  right  to  acquire  the
acquiring  company's  common stock are: 

     The  Company enters into a merger or other business combination transaction
          in which the Company is not the surviving corporation;

     The  Company is the surviving  corporation  in a  consolidation,  merger or
          similar  transaction in which all or part of the outstanding shares of
          the Company's  common stock are changed into or exchanged for stock or
          other securities of any other person or cash or any other property; or

     More than 50% of the  combined  assets,  cash flow or earning  power of the
          Company  and its  subsidiaries  is sold or  transferred  (in each case
          other than certain  consolidations  with,  mergers  into,  or sales of
          assets,  cash  flow or  earning  power  by or to  subsidiaries  of the
          Company as specified in the Amended and Restated Rights Agreement).

         EXCHANGE OF RIGHTS FOR COMMON STOCK
         The  Company  may elect to  exchange  Rights  for  common  stock of the
Company.  After a person or group  becomes an  Acquiring  Person and before such
person or group acquires 50% or more of the Company's  outstanding common stock,
the Board of Directors may,  without payment of the Purchase Price by the Rights
holder,  exchange all or a portion of Rights  (other than the Rights held by the
Acquiring Person, which will become void), for shares of Company common stock at
an exchange  ration of one-half  (1/2) the number of shares of Common  Stock for
which a Right is  exercisable  immediately  prior  to the time of the  Company's
decision to exchange the Rights.

         REDEMPTION
         The Company may redeem the Rights in whole, but not in part, at a price
of $.05 per Right at any time until ten (10) business  days  following the Stock
Acquisition Date. Immediately upon redemption, the Rights will terminate and the
only right of holders will be to receive the redemption price.

         EXPIRATION OF RIGHTS
         The Rights will expire on August 11, 2008 unless the expiration date is
extended by amendment or unless the Rights are earlier  redeemed or exchanged by
the Company as described above.

         AMENDMENT OF AGREEMENT
         Other than those provisions relating to the principal economic terms of
the Rights,  the Board of Directors  may amend any  provision of the Amended and
Restated Rights Agreement prior to the Distribution Date. After the Distribution
Date,  the  Amended and  Restated  Rights  Agreement  may be amended to cure any
ambiguity,  inconsistency or defect,  to shorten or lengthen any time period, or
to make changes that do not adversely affect the interests of the Rights holders
(excluding  the interest of any Acquiring  Person").  No amendment to adjust the
time period governing the redemption, however, shall be made when the Rights are
not redeemable.

         MISCELLANEOUS
         "Disinterested  Director" means any member of the Board of Directors of
the Company who was a member of the Board prior to August 11, 1998,  the date of
the Amended and Restated Rights Agreement,  and anyone  subsequently  elected to
the Board if such  person is  recommended  or  approved  by the  majority of the
Disinterested  Directors,  but shall not  include  an  Acquiring  Person,  or an
affiliate or associate of an Acquiring Person, or a representative of any of the
foregoing entities.
         The  number of  outstanding  Rights  and the number of shares of common
stock issuable upon exercise or exchange of each Right are subject to adjustment
under certain circumstances.


<PAGE>


                                                                   Exhibit 3

                              FORM OF PRESS RELEASE

Contact:



TNP ENTERPRISES, INC. AMENDS AND RESTATES ITS SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS PLAN

FORT WORTH,  Texas,  August ---,  1998--TNP  Enterprises,  Inc. [NYSE: TNP] (the
"Company")  today  announced that its Board of Directors at its regular  meeting
held on August 11, 1998 has amended and  restated  its  Shareholder  Rights Plan
(the "Plan"). The Board of Directors amended and restated the Plan to (1) extend
the term of the Plan to August 11, 2008,  (2)  increase the Purchase  Price from
$45.00 per share to $100.00 per share and (3) provide for certain other changes.

The Plan is designed to protect  the  Company  from unfair or coercive  takeover
attempts and to prevent a potential acquiror from gaining control of the Company
without fairly compensating all of the Company's shareholders.

The original Plan, dated as of October 24, 1988, created a dividend of one right
for each  outstanding  share of the  Company's  Common  Stock.  The  rights  are
represented by and initially traded with the Company's Common Stock.
There are no separate certificates or market for the rights.

The rights do not become  exercisable or trade  separately from the Common Stock
unless one or both of the following  conditions  are met: a public  announcement
that a person has acquired 10% or more of the Common Stock of the Company,  or a
tender  or  exchange  offer is made for 10% or more of the  Common  Stock of the
Company.

Under certain  circumstances the rights entitle the holders to buy the Company's
stock at a 50%  discount.  In the event that (1) the  Company  is the  surviving
corporation in a merger or other business  combination  with an entity that owns
10% or more  of the  Company's  outstanding  stock;  (2)  there  is any  type of
recapitalization  of the Company that results in an increase by more than 1% the
proportionate  share of equity  securities  of the Company owned by a person who
owns 10% or more of the  Company's  outstanding  stock;  or (3) any person shall
acquire beneficial  ownership of 10% of the Company's  outstanding stock (unless
such  acquisition  is made  pursuant  to a  tender  or  exchange  offer  for all
outstanding  shares of the Company,  upon terms and  conditions  determined by a
majority  of the  Disinterested  Directors  of  the  Company  to be in the  best
interest of the Company and its shareholders (a "Qualified Offer")),  each right
holder will have the option to buy  $200.00 in value of the Common  Stock of the
Company for the $100.00 purchase price of the right. Following the occurrence of
the events set forth above, all rights that are or, under certain circumstances,
were, beneficially owned by the acquiror will be null and void.

Under certain  circumstances the rights entitle the holders to buy shares of the
acquiror's Common Stock at a 50% discount.  In the event that, at any time after
a person has acquired 10% or more of the Company's Common Stock, (1) the Company
is acquired in a merger or business combination transaction in which the Company
is not the surviving  corporation  (other than a merger or business  combination
with a person that acquired its shares pursuant to a Qualified  Offer);  (2) the
Company is the surviving  corporation  in a transaction  in which all or part of
the Common  Stock is exchanged  for cash,  property or  securities  of any other
person (other than a transaction with a person that acquired its shares pursuant
to a Qualified Offer); or (3) more than 50% of the assets,  cash flow or earning
power of the Company is sold, each right holder will have the option to purchase
$200.00 in value of the stock of the acquiring  company for the $100.00 purchase
price of the right.

The rights may be  redeemed by the Company for $0.05 per right at any time until
10 business days following the first public  announcement  of the acquisition of
beneficial ownership of 10% of the Company's Common Stock.

Shareholders will be mailed a description of the amended and restated Plan.






TNP  Enterprises,  Inc. is a holding company based in Fort Worth,  Texas and has
subsidiaries  including  Texas-New  Mexico  Power  Company.  The  power  company
provides  community-based  electric  service to 85 cities and more than  222,000
customers in Texas and New Mexico.







1 The  portion  of the legend in  brackets  shall be  inserted  only if
applicable and shall replace the preceding sentence.






Exhibit 99(a)

                          SUMMARY OF RIGHTS TO PURCHASE
                                  COMMON STOCK

         On August 11, 1998,  the Board of Directors  of TNP  Enterprises,  Inc.
(the "Company") extended and amended the Company's  shareholder rights plan (the
"Rights Plan")  originally  adopted in 1988, which was due to expire on November
4, 1998.
         The purpose of the Rights Plan is to deter  certain  coercive  takeover
tactics and to represent  effectively the interests of shareholders in the event
of a takeover  attempt.  The Rights Plan would not deter  negotiated  mergers or
business  combinations  that the Board of Directors  may  determine to be in the
best interests of the Company and its shareholders.
         When it  implemented  the Rights Plan in 1988,  the Board of  Directors
declared a dividend of one common  stock  purchase  right (a  "Right")  for each
outstanding  share of the  Company's  common  stock.  The  dividend  was paid in
November 1988 to each shareholder of record on November 4, 1988. The Company has
also issued one Right with each new share of common stock  issued  subsequently.
Each Right entitles the registered holder to purchase from the Company one share
of common stock.
         The  description  and terms of the Rights are set forth in the  Amended
and Restated  Rights  Agreement  (the "Amended and Restated  Rights  Agreement")
between  the  Company  and The Bank of New York,  as Rights  Agent (the  "Rights
Agent").  This  summary  does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its
entirety by  reference to the Amended and Restated  Rights  Agreement,  which is
incorporated by reference.  A copy of the Amended and Restated Rights  Agreement
is  available  free of  charge  from the  Rights  Agent  or from  the  Company's
corporate secretary.
         NEW AMENDMENT
         The primary effects of the August 11 amendments to the Rights Plan are:
               To  increase  the  purchase  price upon  exercise of a Right (the
              "Purchase Price") from $45 per share to $100 per share; and
               To  extend  the  term of the  Rights  and the  Rights  Plan  from
               November  4, 1998 until  August 11,  2008.  

         RIGHTS ATTACHED TO COMMON SHARES INITIALLY 
     The Rights are  currently  evidenced  by the common stock  certificates.  A
notation  on the  certificates  incorporates  the Rights  Plan and  advises  the
certificate  holder of the existence of the Rights.  The Rights are  transferred
with the common stock  certificates.  New common stock certificates issued after
August 11, 1998 will contain a notation  incorporating  the Amended and Restated
Rights Agreement by reference.  The surrender for transfer of outstanding common
stock  certificates  will also constitute the transfer of the Rights  associated
with the common stock.

         DISTRIBUTION OF RIGHTS
         The Company will mail separate  certificates  evidencing  the Rights to
holders  of  record  of  the  common  stock  on  the  "Distribution  Date."  The
Distribution  Date will be the date the Rights  separate  from the common stock,
and will be the earlier to occur of the following two events:
              Ten (10) business days after a public  announcement that a person
              or  group of  affiliated  or  associated  persons  (an  "Acquiring
              Person")  has   acquired,   or  obtained  the  right  to  acquire,
              beneficial   ownership  of  ten  percent  (10%)  or  more  of  the
              outstanding shares of common stock (the "Stock Acquisition Date");
              or

              Ten (10)  business  days (or such  later  date  that the Board of
              Directors may  determine)  after the  commencement  of a tender or
              exchange offer that would result in a person or group beneficially
              owning  ten  percent  (10%) or more of the  outstanding  shares of
              common stock.
         After the  Distribution  Date, the separate  Rights  certificates  will
represent the Rights. Only shares of common stock issued before the Distribution
Date will be issued with Rights,  except for (i) shares  issued or sold upon the
exercise of stock option under any employee plan or arrangements,  (ii) upon the
exercise,  conversion or exchange of  securities  that the Company may hereafter
issue, or (iii) as the Board of Directors may otherwise determine.

         RIGHT TO PURCHASE COMPANY STOCK
         The Rights become  exercisable on the Distribution Date and will expire
August 11, 2008, unless earlier redeemed, as described below, or extended by the
Board  of  Directors.  Generally,  from the  Distribution  Date  and  until  the
occurrence  of a  Triggering  Event,  a Rights  holder may  acquire one share of
common  stock for each Right  held.  The  Company  may  require  that only whole
shares, and no fractional shares, of common stock be issued upon exercise.
         When a Rights  holder  (other  than an  Acquiring  Person  and  certain
related parties) exercises the Rights after certain  "Triggering  Events" occur,
that holder will acquire the number of shares of common stock with a value equal
to the result of  dividing  the  Purchase  Price of the Right by one-half of the
common stock's market price at the time of the Triggering  Event,  provided that
the  Rights  are no longer  redeemable  (as  described  below).  Rights  that an
Acquiring Person  beneficially owns (or, under certain  circumstances,  formerly
owned) at the time of the Triggering Event will be null and void.
         For example, at a Purchase Price of $100 per Right, each Right not owed
by an Acquiring Person (or by certain related parties or transferees)  following
one of the  Triggering  Events listed below would entitle its holder to purchase
$200 worth of common  stock (or other  consideration,  as noted above) for $100.
Assuming the Common Stock had a market price of $25 per share at such time,  the
holder of each valid Right would be entitled to purchase eight shares for $100.
         The  certain  Triggering  Events  giving  rise to these  rights  are as
follows:
              -The  Company is the  surviving  corporation  in a merger or other
              business combination with an Acquiring Person (or any associate or
              affiliate  thereof) and the common stock remains  outstanding  and
              unchanged;
              -A person  acquires  beneficial  ownership of more than 10% of the
              outstanding shares of Company common stock (except pursuant to (A)
              certain  consolidations  or mergers involving the Company or sales
              or transfers of the combined assets, cash flow or earning power of
              the  Company  and  its  subsidiaries,  or (B)  an  offer  for  all
              outstanding  shares of common  stock of the Company at a price and
              upon terms and  conditions  which a majority of the  Disinterested
              Directors (as defined below) determines to be in the best interest
              of the company and its shareholders (a "Qualified Offer")); or
              -There is a reclassification of securities,  a recapitalization of
              the Company or other  transactions  (other than sales or transfers
              of the combined assets,  cash flow or earning power of the Company
              and  its  subsidiaries)  involving  the  Company  or  any  of  its
              subsidiaries  that has the effect of  increasing  by more than one
              percent (1%) the  proportionate  share of any class of outstanding
              equity  securities  of the  Company  or  any  of its  subsidiaries
              beneficially  owned by an  Acquiring  Person (or an  associate  or
              affiliate thereof).

         RIGHT TO PURCHASE ACQUIRING PERSON'S STOCK
         Certain  Triggering  Events will give rise to a right to acquire common
stock of the  acquiring  company upon exercise of a Right.  If these  Triggering
Events occur,  each holder of a Right (except  Rights held by, or certain Rights
formerly  held by, an  Acquiring  Person),  shall  thereafter  have the right to
receive,  upon  exercise of the Right,  common  stock of the  acquiring  company
having a value equal to two times the Purchase Price of the Right.
         The   Triggering  Events  giving  rise  to the  right  to  acquire  the
acquiring  company's  common stock are: 
               The Company enters into a merger or other business combination 
              transaction in which the Company is not the surviving corporation;
               The  Company is the  surviving  corporation  in a  consolidation,
              merger  or  similar  transaction  in  which  all  or  part  of the
              outstanding  shares of the Company's common stock are changed into
              or exchanged for stock or other  securities of any other person or
              cash or any other property; or
               More than 50% of the combined assets,  cash flow or earning power
              of the Company and its  subsidiaries  is sold or  transferred  (in
              each case other than certain consolidations with, mergers into, or
              sales of assets,  cash flow or earning power by or to subsidiaries
              of the Company as  specified  in the Amended and  Restated  Rights
              Agreement).

         EXCHANGE OR RIGHTS FOR COMMON STOCK
         The  Company  may elect to  exchange  Rights  for  common  stock of the
Company.  After a person or group  becomes an  Acquiring  Person and before such
person or group acquires 50% or more of the Company's  outstanding common stock,
the Board of Directors may,  without payment of the Purchase Price by the Rights
holder,  exchange all or a portion of Rights  (other than the Rights held by the
Acquiring Person, which will become void), for shares of Company common stock at
an exchange  ration of one-half  (1/2) the number of shares of Common  Stock for
which a Right is  exercisable  immediately  prior  to the time of the  Company's
decision to exchange the Rights.
         REDEMTPION
         The Company may redeem the Rights in whole, but not in part, at a price
of $.05 per Right at any time until ten (10) business  days  following the Stock
Acquisition Date. Immediately upon redemption, the Rights will terminate and the
only right of holders will be to receive the redemption price.
         EXPIRATION OF RIGHTS
         The Rights will expire on August 11, 2008 unless the expiration date is
extended by amendment or unless the Rights are earlier  redeemed or exchanged by
the Company as described above.
         AMENDMENT OF AGREEMENT
         Other than those provisions relating to the principal economic terms of
the Rights,  the Board of Directors  may amend any  provision of the Amended and
Restated Rights Agreement prior to the Distribution Date. After the Distribution
Date,  the  Amended and  Restated  Rights  Agreement  may be amended to cure any
ambiguity,  inconsistency or defect,  to shorten or lengthen any time period, or
to make changes that do not adversely affect the interests of the Rights holders
(excluding  the interest of any Acquiring  Person").  No amendment to adjust the
time period governing the redemption, however, shall be made when the Rights are
not redeemable.
         MISCELLANEOUS
         "Disinterested  Director" means any member of the Board of Directors of
the Company who was a member of the Board prior to August 11, 1998,  the date of
the Amended and Restated Rights Agreement,  and anyone  subsequently  elected to
the Board if such  person is  recommended  or  approved  by the  majority of the
Disinterested  Directors,  but shall not  include  an  Acquiring  Person,  or an
affiliate or associate of an Acquiring Person, or a representative of any of the
foregoing entities.
         The  number of  outstanding  Rights  and the number of shares of common
stock issuable upon exercise or exchange of each Right are subject to adjustment
under certain circumstances.






Exhibit 99(b)

          TNP Enterprises Amends Shareholder Rights Plan

         FORT WORTH, Texas -- Sept. 21, 1998 -- TNP Enterprises Inc.  (NYSE:TNP)
announced   today  that  its  board  of  directors  has  amended  the  company's
Shareholder  Rights Plan to extend the term of the plan,  increase  the purchase
price and make other changes.
         The term of the plan now extends to Aug.  11,  2008,  and the  purchase
price  increased  from $45 per share to $100 per  share.  The  plan,  originally
adopted  in  October  1988,  is  designed  to help  ensure  that  the  company's
shareholders  receive fair treatment in the event of an  unsolicited  attempt to
gain control of the company and to discourage certain abusive takeover tactics.
         Under the plan,  one right is attached  to each share of common  stock.
The rights are currently  represented by and traded with the common stock. There
are no separate certificates or markets for the rights.
         The rights will not become  exercisable  or trade  separately  from the
common  stock  unless  there is a public  announcement  that a person has made a
tender or  exchange  offer for 10  percent  or more of the  common  stock of the
company or has acquired that amount.
         Under certain  circumstances,  the rights  entitle their holders to buy
company  stock at a 50  percent  discount.  Each  right  holder  will be able to
exchange each right for company common stock having a market value of $200 under
these conditions:
    -if someone acquires 10 percent or more of the company's outstanding stock
    -if a  10-percent  holder  merges  with the  company  and the company is the
     surviving corporation, and the stock remains unchanged
    -if a 10-percent  holder  increases  ownership of the company's  stock by at
     least  1  percent  of  the  company's  outstanding  stock  
     
     Under certain other  circumstances,  the rights entitle their holder to buy
the acquiring  company's  stock at a 50 percent  discount.  This generally would
occur if after having acquired at least 10 percent of the company's  stock,  the
acquiring  company then acquires the company in a merger,  tender offer or other
combination, or sells more than 50 percent of the company's assets, cash flow or
earning power.
         The company may redeem the rights for $0.05 per right at any time until
10 business days following the first public  announcement  of the acquisition of
beneficial ownership of 10 percent of the company's common stock.
     The company  mailed a  description  of the amended and restated plan to its
shareholders in September.
     TNP  Enterprises,   Inc.,  is  the  parent  company  of  two  wholly  owned
subsidiaries:  Texas-New  Mexico Power  Company and Facility  Works,  Inc.  TNMP
provides  community-based  electric  service  to 85  communities  and more  than
226,000  customers in Texas and New Mexico.  Facility Works provides  integrated
mechanical,  electrical,  plumbing, and other maintenance and repair services to
commercial customers in metropolitan
areas.




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