CURTISS WRIGHT CORP
10-Q, 1999-05-17
MISC INDUSTRIAL & COMMERCIAL MACHINERY & EQUIPMENT
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                       SECURITIES and EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

                                    FORM 10-Q

             Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
                       Securities and Exchange Act of 1934


                  FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 1999

                          Commission File Number 1-134


                           CURTISS-WRIGHT CORPORATION
             (Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)


               Delaware                                            13-0612970
(State or other jurisdiction of                                (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)                               Identification No.)


          1200 Wall Street West
          Lyndhurst, New Jersey                                      07071
(Address of principal executive offices)                          (Zip Code)


                                 (201) 896-8400
              (Registrant's telephone number, including area code)


Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required
to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the preceding 12 months and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for
the past 90 days.

Yes       X                No

Indicate the number of shares  outstanding  of each of the  issuer=s  classes of
common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share:10,140,742 shares (as of April 30, 1999)

                                  Page 1 of 36

<PAGE>


                                         
                   CURTISS-WRIGHT CORPORATION and SUBSIDIARIES

                                TABLE of CONTENTS




                                                                        PAGE

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1 - Financial Statements:

           Consolidated Balance Sheets                                    3

           Consolidated Statements of Earnings                            4

           Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows                          5

           Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity                6

           Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements                   7 - 10

Item 2 - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
           Condition and Results of Operations                         11 - 14

Forward-Looking Statements                                                15


PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 4 - Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders              16

Item 6 - Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K                                 17

                                      -2-
<PAGE>


                         PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
                          Item 1 - Financial Statements

                   CURTISS-WRIGHT CORPORATION and SUBSIDIARIES
                           CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
                                   (UNAUDITED)
                                 (In thousands)

                                                March 31,           December 31,
                                                   1999               1998
Assets:
  Cash and cash equivalents                    $  10,685             $    5,809
  Short-term investments                          60,474                 66,444
  Receivables, net                                62,448                 60,912
  Deferred tax assets                              7,782                  7,841
  Inventories                                     56,225                 54,048
  Other current assets                             3,057                  3,519
                                              -----------            -----------
        Total current assets                     200,671                198,573
                                              -----------              ---------
  Property, plant and equipment, at cost         241,744                237,215
  Less, accumulated depreciation                 163,517                162,704
                                              -----------              ---------
      Property, plant and equipment, net          78,227                 74,511
  Prepaid pension costs                           45,189                 43,822
  Goodwill                                        32,079                 30,724
  Other assets                                     4,830                  5,110
                                               ----------            -----------
        Total assets                            $360,996               $352,740
                                               ==========               ========

Liabilities:
  Current portion of long-term debt            $  20,523              $  20,523
  Accounts payable and accrued expenses           30,370                 30,687
  Dividends payable                                1,325
  Income taxes payable                             7,672                  5,052
  Other current liabilities                       10,483                 11,548
                                               ----------            -----------
      Total current liabilities                   70,373                 67,810
                                               ----------             ----------
  Long-term debt                                  20,162                 20,162
  Deferred income taxes                           10,304                  9,714
  Other liabilities                               26,753                 25,461
                                               ----------             ----------
      Total liabilities                          127,592                123,147
                                               ----------             ----------
Stockholders' equity:
  Common stock, $1 par value                      15,000                 15,000
  Capital surplus                                 51,655                 51,669
  Retained earnings                              348,875                342,218
  Unearned portion of restricted stock               (36)                   (40)
  Accumulated other comprehensive income          (3,946)                (2,800)
                                               ----------              ---------
                                                 411,548                406,047
        Less, cost of treasury stock             178,144                176,454
                                               ----------              ---------
    Total stockholders' equity                   233,404                229,593
                                                ---------              ---------
    Total liabilities and stockholders' equity  $360,996               $352,740
                                                =========              =========

                 See notes to consolidated financial statements.

                                      -3-
<PAGE>



                   CURTISS-WRIGHT CORPORATION and SUBSIDIARIES
                       CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS of EARNINGS
                                   (UNAUDITED)
                      (In thousands except per share data)

                                                      Three Months Ended
                                                         March 31,
                                                    1999               1998 (a)
                                                    ----               ----    

Net sales                                        $70,350                $60,846
Cost of sales                                     45,332                 42,724
                                                 --------               --------
Gross margin                                      25,018                 18,122

Research and development costs                     1,148                    305
Selling expense                                    4,031                  3,118
General and administrative                         9,347                  6,868
                                                ---------             ----------
Operating income                                  10,492                  7,831

Investment income, net                               705                  1,079
Rental income, net                                   826                    913
Pension income, net                                1,281                    813
Other income (expense), net                          (85)                    99
Interest expense                                     303                     89
                                                ---------             ----------
Earnings before tax                               12,916                 10,646
Provision for tax                                  4,934                  4,041
                                                ---------              ---------
Net earnings                                    $  7,982               $  6,605
                                                =========              =========

Weighted average shares outstanding              10,165                  10,178
                                                ========                ========

Basic earnings per common share                    $0.79                  $0.65
                                                   =====                  =====

Diluted earnings per common share                  $0.78                  $0.64
                                                   =====                  =====

Dividends per common share                         $0.13                  $0.13
                                                   =====                  =====


(a) Includes reclassification to conform to current presentation




                 See notes to consolidated financial statements.

                                      -4-
<PAGE>




                                     
                   CURTISS-WRIGHT CORPORATION and SUBSIDIARIES
                      CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS of CASH FLOWS
                                   (UNAUDITED)
                                 (In thousands)
                                                             Three Months Ended
                                                                  March 31
                                                           1999           1998
                                                           ----           ----
Cash flows from operating activities:
  Net earnings                                          $  7,982       $  6,605
                                                        --------        --------
  Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net
    cash provided by operating activities:
      Depreciation and amortization                        2,853          2,432
      Net gains on short-term investments                    (24)          (432)
      Increase in deferred taxes                             649            508
      Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
        Proceeds from sales of trading securities         75,390         82,258
        Purchases of trading securities                  (69,396)       (88,384)
        (Increase) decrease in receivables                (1,184)           747
        (Increase) decrease in inventory                  (1,652)         3,160
        Decrease in progress payments                       (877)        (6,468)
        Decease in accounts payable
          and accrued expenses                              (317)        (1,899)
        Increase in income taxes payable                   2,620          1,931
      Increase in other assets                            (1,192)          (559)
      Increase (decrease) in other liabilities               227           (414)
      Other, net                                          (1,119)         1,398
                                                         --------       --------
           Total adjustments                               5,978         (5,722)
                                                         --------       --------
      Net cash provided by operating activities           13,960            883
                                                         --------       --------
Cash flows from investing activities:
   Proceeds from sales of real estate and equipment            0             20
   Additions to property, plant and equipment             (7,357)        (2,447)
                                                         --------       --------
      Net cash used by investing activities               (7,357)        (2,427)
                                                         --------       --------
Cash flow from financing activities:
  Common stock repurchases                                (1,727)             0
                                                         --------       --------
      Net cash used for financial activities              (1,727)             0
                                                         --------       --------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents       4,876         (1,544)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period           5,809          6,872
                                                         --------       --------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period               $10,685        $ 5,328
                                                         ========       ========

                 See notes to consolidated financial statements.
                                      -5-
<PAGE>


                   CURTISS-WRIGHT CORPORATION and SUBSIDIARIES
                 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS of STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
                                   (UNAUDITED)
                                 (In thousands)


<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                                                         Unearned         Accumulated
                                                                                         Portion of       Other
                                                       Common    Capital    Retained     Restricted       Comprehensive    Treasury
                                                       Stock     Surplus    Earnings     Stock Awards     Income           Stock
<S>                                                    <C>       <C>        <C>          <C>              <C>              <C>

December 31, 1997                                      $15,000   $52,010    $318,474     $(342)           $(3,289)         $177,000

    Net earnings                                                              29,053
    Common dividends                                                          (5,309)
    Common stock repurchased                                                                                                    612
    Stock options exercised, net                                    (449)                                                      (376)
    Amortization of earnings portion
        of restricted stock                                          108                   302                               (1,158)
    Translation adjustments, net                                                                              489
                                                       --------  --------   ---------    ------           --------         ---------
December 31, 1998                                       15,000    51,669     342,218       (40)            (2,800)          176,454

    Net earnings                                                               7,982
    Common dividends                                                          (1,325)
    Common stock repurchased                                                                                                  1,727
    Stock options exercised, net                                     (14)                                                       (37)
    Amortization of earned portion
        of restricted stock                                                                  4
    Translation adjustment, net                                                                            (1,146)
                                                       --------   -------   ---------    ------          ---------         ---------
March 31, 1999                                         $15,000    $51,655   $348,875     $ (36)           $(3,946)         $178,144
                                                       ========   ========  =========    ======          =========         =========

</TABLE>

                 See notes to consolidated financial statements.
                                      -6-
<PAGE>



                   CURTISS-WRIGHT CORPORATION and SUBSIDIARIES
                   NOTES to CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
                                   (UNAUDITED)

1.       BASIS of PRESENTATION

         Curtiss-Wright   Corporation  (the   "Corporation")  is  a  diversified
         multi-national   manufacturing   and  service   concern  that  designs,
         manufactures  and  overhauls  precision   components  and  systems  and
         provides  highly  engineered   services  to  the  aerospace,   defense,
         automotive,  shipbuilding, oil, petrochemical,  agricultural equipment,
         power generation,  railroad, metalworking and fire & rescue industries.
         The  Corporation's  principal  operations  include  five  manufacturing
         facilities  (four domestic and one in  Switzerland),  thirty-six  metal
         treatment service  facilities  located in North America and Europe, and
         four component overhaul locations.

         The  information   furnished  in  this  report  has  been  prepared  in
         conformity with generally  accepted  accounting  principles and as such
         reflects all  adjustments,  consisting  primarily  of normal  recurring
         accruals, which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair
         statement  of the  results  for  the  interim  periods  presented.  The
         unaudited   consolidated   financial   statements  should  be  read  in
         conjunction  with  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  notes
         thereto included in the Corporation's  1998 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
         The results of operations for these interim periods are not necessarily
         indicative  of  the  operating   results  for  a  full  year.   Certain
         reclassifications  of prior  year  amounts  have  been made in order to
         conform to the current presentation.

2.       RECEIVABLES

         Receivables,  at March 31, 1999 and December 31, 1998,  include amounts
         billed  to  customers  and  unbilled  charges  on  long-term  contracts
         consisting  of amounts  recognized as sales but not billed at the dates
         presented.  Substantially  all  amounts  of  unbilled  receivables  are
         expected to be billed and collected  within a year. The  composition of
         receivables for those periods is as follows:

                                                         (In thousands)
                                                   March 31,        December 31,
                                                     1999                1998
                                                   ----------       ------------

         Accounts receivable, billed                 $64,874            $63,412
             Less: progress payments applied          11,687             11,687
                                                    ---------          ---------
                                                      53,187             51,725
                                                    ---------          ---------
         Unbilled charges on long-term
            contracts                                 17,141             17,447
              Less: progress payments applied          5,998              6,350
                                                    ---------          ---------
                                                      11,143             11,097
                                                    ---------          ---------
         Allowance for doubtful accounts              (1,882)            (1,910)
                                                    ---------          ---------
         Receivables, net                            $62,448            $60,912
                                                    =========          =========

                                      -7-
<PAGE>



                   CURTISS-WRIGHT CORPORATION and SUBSIDIARIES
              NOTES to CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued
                                   (UNAUDITED)

3.       INVENTORIES

         Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (principally  average cost)
         or  market.  The  composition  of  inventories  at March  31,  1999 and
         December 31, 1998 is as follows:
         
                                                         (In thousands)    
                                                  March 31,         December 31,
                                                     1999                1998
                                                  -----------        -----------

         Raw materials                             $  8,247             $ 8,862
         Work-in-process                             23,566              22,802
         Finished goods                              26,818              23,130
         Inventoried costs related to U.S.
            Government and other long-term
            contracts                                 2,595               4,780
                                                   ---------           ---------
         Total inventories                           61,226              59,574
            Less: progress payments applied,
                principally related to long-term
                contracts                             5,001               5,526
                                                   ---------           ---------
         Net inventories                            $56,225             $54,048
                                                   =========           =========

4.       ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS

         The  Corporation  establishes  a reserve for a potential  environmental
         responsibility   when  it  concludes  that  a  determination  of  legal
         liability is probable,  based upon the advice of counsel. Such amounts,
         if quantified, reflect the Corporation=s estimate of the amount of that
         liability.  If only a range of potential liability can be estimated,  a
         reserve will be established at the low end of that range. Such reserves
         represent today=s values of anticipated  remediation not reduced by any
         potential   recovery  from  insurance  carriers  or  through  contested
         third-party legal actions, and are not discounted for the time value of
         money.

         The   Corporation   is  joined   with  many  other   corporations   and
         municipalities as potentially responsible parties (PRPs) in a number of
         environmental   cleanup  sites,  which  include  the  Sharkey  Landfill
         Superfund Site, Parsippany,  N. J., Caldwell Trucking Company Superfund
         Site, Fairfield, N. J., Pfohl Brothers Landfill Site, Cheektowaga, N.Y.
         and PJP  Landfill,  Jersey City,  N. J.  identified to date as the most
         significant sites.
                                      -8-
<PAGE>


                   CURTISS-WRIGHT CORPORATION and SUBSIDIARIES
              NOTES to CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued
                                   (UNAUDITED)


         The Corporation believes that the outcome of any of these matters would
         not have a  material  adverse  effect on the  Corporation's  results of
         operations or financial condition.

5.        SEGMENT INFORMATION
         (In thousands)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                Three Months Ended                   Three Months Ended
                                                   March 31, 1999                       March 31, 1998
                                         ----------------------------------   ------------------------------------
                                         Precision   Actuation   Flow         Precision    Actuation      Flow
                                          Mfg.       & Control   Control        Mfg.       & Control     Control
                                         Products    Products    Products     Products     Products      Products
                                         & Svcs      & Svcs      & Svcs       & Svcs       & Svcs        & Svcs
<S>                                      <C>         <C>         <C>          <C>          <C>           <C>

Revenue from external customers          $26,002     $  30,309   $14,039      $25,868      $28,362       $  6,616

Intersegment revenues                        119                                  115

Segment net income                         3,831          923     1,132         4,610        (851)            882

Segment assets                            71,116      120,699    37,961        58,510       87,316         15,713
 

</TABLE>

Reconciliation:                          March 31,              March 31,
                                           1999                   1998
                                         ---------              --------- 
Total segment net income                  $5,886                 $4,641

Rental income, net                           444                    423

Investment income, net                       475                    842

Pension income                               758                    488

Corporate and other                          419                    211
                                         --------               --------
Consolidated net income                   $7,982                 $6,605
                                         ========               ========


6.       COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

         Effective  January  1,  1998,  the  Corporation  adopted  Statement  of
         Financial  Accounting  Standards  No.  130,  "Reporting   Comprehensive
         Income"  (SFAS  No.  130).  SFAS  No.  130  establishes  standards  for
         reporting  and  displaying  changes in equity from  non-owner  sources.
         Total  comprehensive  income for the three  months ended March 31, 1999
         and 1998 is as follows:

                                      -9-
<PAGE>


                   CURTISS-WRIGHT CORPORATION and SUBSIDIARIES
              NOTES to CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued
                                   (UNAUDITED)

                                                            (In thousands)
                                                   March 31,          March 31,
                                                     1999               1998
                                                   ---------          ---------

         Net earnings                                $7,982             $6,605
         Equity adjustments from foreign
            currency translations                    (1,146)               191
                                                   ---------          ---------
         Total comprehensive income                  $6,836             $6,796
                                                   =========          =========

7.       EARNINGS PER SHARE

         The Corporation accounts for its earnings per share (EPS) in accordance
         with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, "Earnings per
         Share" (SFAS No. 128).  Diluted  earnings per share were computed based
         on  the  weighted  average  number  of  shares   outstanding  plus  all
         potentially  dilutive common shares issuable for the periods.  Dilutive
         common  shares for the three  months ended March 31, 1999 and 1998 were
         118 and 134,  respectively,  consisting  primarily of outstanding stock
         options.

8.       RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

         On June 15,  1998  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  issued
         Statement of Financial  Accounting  Standards No. 133,  "Accounting for
         Derivatives  and Hedging  Activities"  (SFAS No. 133).  SFAS No. 133 is
         effective for all fiscal  quarters of all fiscal years  beginning after
         June 15,  1999  (January  1, 2000 for the  Corporation).  SFAS No.  133
         requires  that all  derivative  instruments  be recorded on the balance
         sheet at their fair value. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are
         recorded each period in current earnings or other comprehensive income,
         depending  on whether a  derivative  is  designated  as part of a hedge
         transaction  and,  if it is, the type  transaction.  Management  of the
         Corporation  anticipates  that,  due to its limited  use of  derivative
         instruments,  the adoption of SFAS No. 133 will not have a  significant
         effect on its results of operations or its financial position.


                                      -10-
<PAGE>


                                 PART I - ITEM 2
                   CURTISS-WRIGHT CORPORATION and SUBSIDIARIES
                     MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION and ANALYSIS of
                  FINANCIAL CONDITION and RESULTS of OPERATIONS


RESULTS of OPERATIONS

         The  Corporation's  consolidated  net earnings for the first quarter of
1999 were 21% above net earnings for the first quarter of 1998. Net earnings for
the first  quarter of 1999  totaled  $8.0  million,  or $.78 per diluted  share,
compared  with $6.6  million or $.64 per  diluted  share for the same  period of
1998.  Operating income in the aggregate rose 34% to $10.5 million for the first
quarter of 1999 as compared  with $7.8 million in the first  quarter of 1998. In
the first quarter of 1998,  inventory  write-offs  and increased  provisions for
development programs,  impaired operating income results.  Absent these charges,
net income did not increase and operating  income declined  slightly on a period
to period basis.

         Sales for the first  quarter  of 1999  increased  16% to $70.4  million
compared with $60.8 million for the prior year  quarter.  The sales  improvement
largely reflects the Corporation's  three  acquisitions made in 1998, Alpha Heat
Treaters,  Enertech and SIG Drive Technology (now known as Curtiss-Wright  Drive
Technology).  New orders  received for the first  quarter of 1999 totaled  $70.8
million  representing a 24% increase above orders of $56.9 million for the first
quarter of 1998,  and reflect a substantial  new  contribution  by the three new
business units. The Corporation's backlog of unshipped orders at March 31, 1999,
$197.0 million,  was  substantially  higher than the $145.3 million backlog of a
year ago.

Operating Performance

         The Corporation's  Precision  Manufacturing  Products & Services (PMPS)
segment  reported  level sales,  when comparing the first quarter of 1999 to the
same period of 1998.  During 1998, PMPS had  consistently  produced record sales
levels  of  metal-treatment  services.  Thus  far  in  1999,  this  segment  has
experienced  a general  softening  in several of its primary  markets.  Services
provided for oil tool and agricultural  customers have declined  compared to the
prior year.  Net earnings for the first  quarter of 1999 were below those of the
first quarter of 1998 generally  reflecting lower margins on sales and increased
operating expenses.

         Results for the first quarter of 1999 reflect an increase in sales from
our Actuation and Control Products & Services (ACPS) segment largely as a result
of the December 31, 1998 acquisition of SIG Drive Technology.  The Corporation's
overhaul and repair businesses reported slightly higher sales when comparing the
first  quarter of 1999 to the same prior year period,  largely in their  foreign
markets.  The ACPS segment  continues to proceed with the  previously  announced
consolidation  of its  manufacturing  operations into its Shelby,  N.C. plant as
planned. Expenses related to the move were incurred during the first quarter and
will continue at an increasing  rateduring  the year. As  anticipated,  sales of
military  actuation  products  showed a sharp  decline  during  this  transition
period.  Sales of commercial  actuation spare parts also declined  slightly on a
period-to-period  basis. During the first quarter of 1998, net earnings for this
segment had been  reduced by  adjustments  principally  on account of  inventory
write-offs and a provision for higher costs anticipated on military  development
programs.

                                      -11-
<PAGE>
                  CURTISS-WRIGHT CORPORATION and SUBSIDIARIES
                     MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION and ANALSIS of
            FINANCIAL CONDITION and RESULTS of OPERATIONS, Continued


         The  Corporation's  Flow  Control  Products & Services  (FCPS)  segment
produced  substantially  higher sales when  comparing  the first quarter of 1999
with the same  period  of 1998.  Sales  were  bolstered  by the  acquisition  of
Enertech  in July of 1998  and  benefited  from  additional  U. S.  Navy  orders
received  in  1998.  Net  earnings  for the  segment  also  increased  generally
reflecting the improved sales and the Enertech business acquired.

CHANGES IN FINANCIAL CONDITION:

Liquidity and Capital Resources:

         The Corporation's working capital was $130.3 million at March 31, 1999,
slightly below working capital at December 31, 1998 of $130.8 million. The ratio
of  current  assets to  current  liabilities  was 2.85 to 1 at March  31,  1999,
compared  with a current  ratio of 2.93 to 1 at December  31, 1998.  Cash,  cash
equivalents  and  short-term  investments  totaled $71.2 million in aggregate at
March 31, 1999,  also  decreasing  slightly from $72.3 million at the prior year
end.

         Changes in working capital  reflect a substantial  increase in accounts
receivable from trade customers.  Gross inventory also increased principally for
goods related to component  overhaul and repair  services.  Working  capital was
reduced  overall by an increase in income taxes payable at March 31, 1999,  from
December 31, 1998 and accrued dividends payable for the first quarter of 1999.

         The Corporation has two credit agreements, a Revolving Credit Agreement
and a Short-Term  Credit Agreement,  in effect  aggregating $45.0 million with a
group of three banks.  The credit  agreements allow for borrowings to take place
in U. S. or certain foreign currencies. The Revolving Credit Agreement commits a
maximum of $22.5 million to the  Corporation  for cash borrowings and letters of
credit.  The unused credit  available  under this facility at March 31, 1999 was
$1.1 million.  The commitments  made under the Revolving Credit Agreement expire
October 29, 2001, but may be extended  annually for successive  one-year periods
with the  consent  of the  bank  group.  The  Corporation  also has in  effect a
Short-Term  Credit  Agreement which allows for cash borrowings of $22.5 million,
of which $2.0 million was  available at March 31, 1999.  The  Short-Term  Credit
Agreement  expires  October 22, 1999.  The  Short-Term  Credit  Agreement may be
extended,  with the consent of the bank group,  for an additional  period not to
exceed 364 days.  Cash borrowings  under the two credit  agreements at March 31,
1999 were at a U. S. Dollar equivalent of $21.9 million.  The loans had variable
interest rates averaging 2.03% for the first quarter of 1999. No cash borrowings
were outstanding at March 31, 1998.

                                      -12-
<PAGE>
                   CURTISS-WRIGHT CORPORATION and SUBSIDIARIES
                     MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION and ANALSIS of
            FINANCIAL CONDITION and RESULTS of OPERATIONS, Continued



         During  the first  quarter  of 1999,  internally  generated  funds were
adequate to meet capital  expenditures  of $7.4 million.  Expenditures  incurred
during  the first  quarter  were for  machinery  and  equipment  needed  for the
expansion of our  Precision  Manufacturing  Products and Services  segment.  The
Corporation  also  purchased a  53,000-square-foot  building in Gastonia,  North
Carolina for a portion of its commercial  aircraft component repair and overhaul
operations.  Operations in the Gastonia  facility began in the second quarter of
1999. The Corporation is expected to make capital  expenditures of an additional
$14 million during the balance of the year.

         During the first quarter of 1999, the  Corporation  repurchased  47,250
shares of its common stock at a cost of $1.7 million.

Other Developments

         At the first  meeting of the newly  elected Board of Directors on April
27, 1999,  following the Annual Meeting of  Shareholders  on April 23, 1999, the
Board elected Martin R. Benante as a member of the Board of Directors concurrent
with his  election to the officer  positions of  President  and Chief  Operating
Officer of the  Company.  Director  David Lasky,  who had been  President of the
Company retained his officer  positions of Chairman and Chief Executive  Officer
of the  Company.  Additionally  Brian D.  O'Neill was elected  Secretary  of the
Company.

YEAR 2000

         As is more fully described  under the subheading  "Year 2000" under the
caption "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of  Operations," as referenced in the  Corporation's  annual report on Form 10-K
for the fiscal year ended  December 31, 1998,  the  Corporation  is modifying or
replacing  portions  of its  software  as well as  certain  hardware  to  permit
continued  operations  beyond  December  31, 1999  without  systems  failures or
processing  errors that might arise as a result of the so-called  Year 2000(Y2K)
issue.

Each operating  entity of the  Corporation is at a different stage of readiness.
Identification  of the internal  business  systems of the  Corporation  that are
susceptible to system failures or processing errors as a result of the Y2K issue
is substantially  complete.  The Corporation is using both internal and external
resources for its remediation  efforts,  including the  modification of code and
test  of the  resulting  modifications.  Based  on  the  current  schedule,  the
Corporation  expects its internal  business  systems to be functioning  properly
with respect to the Y2K issue well before January 1, 2000.

                                      -13-
<PAGE>
                   CURTISS-WRIGHT CORPORATION and SUBSIDIARIES
                     MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION and ANALSIS of
            FINANCIAL CONDITION and RESULTS of OPERATIONS, Continued

         Additionally,  significant  service providers,  vendors,  suppliers and
customers that are believed to be critical to on-going business  operations have
been  identified  and  contacted  in an  attempt  to  ascertain  their  stage of
readiness.   Where  necessary,  the  Corporation  intends  to  seek  alternative
suppliers, service providers or contractors who have demonstrated Y2K readiness.
Concurrently,  with the Y2K readiness  measures described above, the Corporation
and its operating  units are developing  contingency  plans intended to mitigate
the  possible  disruption  in business  operations  that may result from the Y2K
issue and are  developing  cost  estimates for such plans.  Based on the current
schedule,  the  Corporation  expects such plans to be in place by the end of the
third quarter of 1999.

         It  is  currently   estimated  that  the   incremental   costs  of  the
Corporation's Y2K remediation efforts will be approximately $.5 million of which
approximately  $.2 million has been spent.  Remediation costs are being expensed
as they are incurred.  The costs associated with the replacement of computerized
systems and hardware are currently estimated to be $.3 million,  which amount is
being  capitalized.  These amounts do not include any costs  associated with the
implementation of contingency plans that are in the process of being developed.

         The  Corporation's Y2K readiness program is an on-going process and the
estimates of costs and completion dates are subject to change.

RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

         As discussed in Note 8 to the Consolidated  Financial  Statements,  the
Corporation has reviewed  Statement of Financial  Accounting  Standards No. 133,
"Accounting for Derivatives and Hedging  Activities."  Due to the limited use of
derivative  instruments  by the  Corporation,  this  statement  will  not have a
material  effect  on  the  Corporation's  results  of  operations  or  financial
condition.  The statement is effective  for the  Corporation  beginning  January
1, 2000.

                                      -14-
<PAGE>





                           FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION


Except for historical  information,  this  Quarterly  Report on Form 10-Q may be
deemed to contain  "forward  looking"  information.  Examples of forward looking
information  include,  but are not limited to, (a)  projections of or statements
regarding return on investment,  future earnings, interest income, other income,
earnings  or loss per  share,  investment  mix and  quality,  growth  prospects,
capital  structure  and  other  financial  terms,  (b)  statements  of plans and
objectives of management, (c) statements of future economic performance, and (d)
statements  of  assumptions,   such  as  economic  conditions  underlying  other
statements.  Such forward  looking  information  can be identified by the use of
forward  looking  terminology  such as  "believes,"  "expects,"  "may,"  "will,"
"should,"  "anticipates,"  or the  negative  of any of the  foregoing  or  other
variations thereon or comparable  terminology,  or by discussion of strategy. No
assurance can be given that the future results  described by the forward looking
information   will  be  achieved.   Such   statements   are  subject  to  risks,
uncertainties,  and other  factors  which could cause  actual  results to differ
materially  from future  results  expressed or implied by such  forward  looking
information.  Such statements in this Report include, without limitation,  those
contained in Part I, Item 2,  Management's  Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations and the Notes to the Consolidated  Financial
Statements  including,  without  limitation,  the  Environmental  Matters  Note.
Important  factors that could cause the actual results to differ materially from
those in these  forward-looking  statements  include,  among other items,  (i) a
reduction in anticipated orders; (ii) an economic downturn;  (iii) unanticipated
environmental  remediation  expenses  or  claims;  (iv)  changes in the need for
additional  machinery and equipment  and/or in the cost for the expansion of the
Corporation's  operations;  (v) changes in the  competitive  marketplace  and/or
customer  requirements;  (vi) an  inability  to perform  customer  contracts  at
anticipated  cost  levels and (vii)  other  factors  that  generally  affect the
business of companies operating in the Corporation's Segments.


                                      -15-
<PAGE>


                           PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 4.  SUBMISSION of MATTERS to a VOTE of SECURITY HOLDERS

         On  April  23,  1999,  the  Registrant   held  its  annual  meeting  of
         stockholders.  The matters submitted to a vote by the stockholders were
         the election of directors and the retention of independent  accountants
         for the Registrant.

         The vote received by the director nominees was as follows:

                                                 For                   Withheld

           Thomas R. Berner                  8,841,481                   21,053

           James B. Busey IV                 8,841,985                   20,549

           David Lasky                       8,842,020                   20,514

           William B. Mitchell               8,841.388                   21,146

           John R. Myers                     8,840,764                   21,770

           William W. Sihler                 8,842,388                   20,146

           J. McLain Stewart                 8,840,143                   22,391

         There were no votes against or broker non-votes.

         The stockholders approved the retention of PricewaterhouseCoopers  LLP,
         independent  accountants for the  Registrant.  The holders of 8,844,680
         shares voted in favor;  13,673 voted against;  4,181  abstained.  There
         were no broker non-votes.

                                      -16-
<PAGE>




Item 6.  EXHIBITS and REPORTS on FORM 8-K

         (a)       Exhibits

                  Exhibit 3 - By Laws as Amended (Page 18)

                  Exhibit 27 - Financial Data Schedules (Page 36)

         (b)      Reports on Form 8-K

                  The  Registrant did not file any report on Form 8-K during the
quarter ended March 31, 1999.


                                   SIGNATURES

Pursuant  to the  requirements  of the  Securities  Exchange  Act of  1934,  the
Registrant  has duly  caused  this  Report  to be  signed  on its  behalf by the
undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

                                                    CURTISS-WRIGHT CORPORATION
                                                           (Registrant)


                                                    By: /s/ Robert A. Bosi
                                                       -----------------------  
                                                        Robert A. Bosi
                                                        Vice President-Finance



                                                    By: /s/ Kenneth P. Slezak
                                                      ------------------------  
                                                       Kenneth P. Slezak
                                                        Controller

Dated:  May 14, 1999


                                      -17-




                                                                       Exhibit 3

                           CURTISS-WRIGHT CORPORATION

                                  B Y - L A W S

                          AS AMENDED THROUGH APRIL 1999


                                   ARTICLE I.

                                    OFFICES.


         SECTION 1. Registered  Office.  The registered office of Curtiss-Wright
Corporation (hereinafter called the Corporation) in the State of Delaware, shall
be in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle.


         SECTION 2. Other Offices.  The  Corporation  may also have an office or
offices  at such other  place or places  either  within or without  the State of
Delaware  as the  Board of  Directors  may from  time to time  determine  or the
business of the Corporation require.


                                   ARTICLE II.

                            MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS.


         SECTION 1. Place of  Meetings.  All  meetings of  Stockholders  for the
election  of  directors  or for any other  purpose  shall be held at such  place
either within or without the State of Delaware as shall be designated  from time
to time by the Board of Directors  and stated in the notice of the meeting or in
a duly executed waiver of notice thereof.


         SECTION 2. Annual Meetings.  The annual meeting of the stockholders for
the election of directors and for the  transaction of such other proper business
as may come before the  meeting  shall be held on a date and at a time as may be
designated  from time to time by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice
of the meeting or in a duly executed waiver of notice  thereof.  If the election
of directors  shall not be held on the date so designated for any annual meeting
or at any  adjournment of such meeting,  the Board of Directors  shall cause the
election to be held at a special meeting as soon thereafter as conveniently  may
be. At such  special  meeting  the  stockholders  may elect  the  directors  and
transact  other  business with the same force and effect as at an annual meeting
duly called and held.

                                      -18-
<PAGE>
         SECTION 3. Special Meetings.  A special meeting of the stockholders for
any purpose or purposes,  unless otherwise  prescribed by statute, may be called
at any time by the Chairman, or in his absence by the President, by the Board of
Directors,  or by the  Secretary  at the  request  in  writing  of  holders of a
majority of the shares of the Corporation outstanding and entitled to vote.


         SECTION 4. Notice of Meetings. Except as otherwise provided by statute,
notice of each meeting of the stockholders,  whether annual or special, shall be
given not less than ten days nor more than  sixty  days  before the day on which
the meeting is to be held,  to each  stockholder  of record  entitled to vote at
such  meeting  by  delivering  a  written  or  printed  notice  thereof  to  him
personally, or by mailing such notice in a postage prepaid envelope addressed to
him at his  post  office  address  furnished  by  him  to the  Secretary  of the
Corporation  for such  purpose,  or,  if he  shall  not  have  furnished  to the
Secretary  of the  Corporation  his address for such  purpose,  then at his post
office  address  as  it  appears  on  the  records  of  the  Corporation,  or by
transmitting a notice thereof to him at such address by telegraph, cable, telex,
facsimile transmitter or other similar means. Except where expressly required by
law,  no  publication  of any  notice  of a  meeting  of  stockholders  shall be
required.  Every such notice shall state the place, date and hour of the meeting
and in the case of special  meetings,  and annual  meetings where business other
than the election of directors  may be  transacted,  the purpose or purposes for
which the meeting is called.  Notice of any meeting of stockholders shall not be
required to be given to any  stockholder who shall attend such meeting in person
or by proxy  except as  otherwise  provided by statute;  and if any  stockholder
shall in person or by attorney thereunto authorized, in writing or by telegraph,
cable, telex,  facsimile transmitter or other similar means, waive notice of any
meeting,  whether before or after such meeting be held,  notice thereof need not
be given to him. Notice of any adjourned  meeting of the stockholders  shall not
be required to be given,  except when expressly  required by law.  Notice of any
meeting of  stockholders as herein provided shall not be required to be given to
any  stockholder  where the giving of such notice is  prohibited  or is rendered
impossible by the laws of the United States of America.


         SECTION 5. List of Stockholders.  It shall be the duty of the Secretary
or other  officer who shall have charge of the stock ledger  either  directly or
through a transfer  agent  appointed by the Board of  Directors,  to prepare and
make, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders,  complete lists of
the stockholders  entitled to vote thereat,  arranged in alphabetical order, and
showing  the  address of each  stockholder,  the  holders of each class of stock
appearing  separately,  and  indicating  the  number  of  shares  held by  each,
certified by the Secretary or Transfer Agent. For said ten days such lists shall
be open to the  examination of any  stockholder  for any purpose  germane to the
meeting at the place where said meeting is to be held,  or at a place  permitted
by the Delaware  General  Corporation Law, and shall be produced and kept at the
time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof,  and subject to the
inspection of any  stockholder  who may be present.  Upon the willful neglect or
refusal of the  directors to produce  such lists at any  meeting,  they shall be
ineligible  to any office at such  meeting.  The  original or a duplicate  stock
ledger  shall be the only  evidence as to who are the  stockholders  entitled to
examine the stock ledger, such lists, or the books of the Corporation or to vote
in person or by proxy at such meeting.

                                      -19-
<PAGE>
         SECTION 6. Quorum. At each meeting of the stockholders,  the holders of
not less than a majority of the issued and outstanding  stock of the Corporation
present  either in person or by proxy and entitled to vote at such meeting shall
constitute a quorum except where otherwise provided by law or by the Certificate
of Incorporation or these by-laws.  In the absence of a quorum, the stockholders
of the  Corporation  present  in  person or by proxy and  entitled  to vote,  by
majority vote, or, in the absence of all the stockholders,  any officer entitled
to preside or act as Secretary at such meeting,  shall have the power to adjourn
the meeting from time to time, until  stockholders  holding the requisite amount
of stock shall be present or represented. At any such adjourned meeting at which
a quorum may be present any  business  may be  transacted  which might have been
transacted at the meeting as originally  called. The absence from any meeting of
the number  required by the laws of the State of Delaware or by the  Certificate
of  Incorporation  of the  Corporation  or by these  by-laws for action upon any
given matter shall not prevent  action at such meetings upon any other matter or
matters  which may properly  come before the meeting,  and if the holders of not
less than a  majority  of the issued and  outstanding  stock of the  Corporation
entitled to vote at that time upon such other matter or matters shall be present
either in person or by proxy at such meeting,  a quorum for the consideration of
such  other  matter or matters  shall be present  and the  meeting  may  proceed
forthwith and take action upon such other matter or matters.


         SECTION  7.  Organization.   The  Chairman  or,  in  his  absence,  the
President, or, in the absence of both of them, any Vice President present, shall
call meetings of the stockholders to order and shall act as Chairman thereof. In
the  absence of all of the  foregoing  officers,  the  holders of a majority  in
interest  of the stock  present in person or by proxy and  entitled  to vote may
elect any  stockholder of record present and entitled to vote to act as Chairman
of the  meeting  until  such  time as any one of the  foregoing  officers  shall
arrive,  whereupon he shall act as Chairman of the meeting. The Secretary or, in
his absence,  an Assistant  Secretary  shall act as secretary at all meetings of
the stockholders.  In the absence from any such meeting of the Secretary and the
Assistant Secretary or Secretaries,  the Chairman may appoint any person present
to act as secretary  of the meeting.  Such person shall be sworn to the faithful
discharge  of his  duties  as such  secretary  of the  meeting  before  entering
thereon.


         SECTION  8.  Business  and Order of  Business.  At each  meeting of the
stockholders  such business may be transacted as may properly be brought  before
such meeting, except as otherwise in these by-laws expressly provided. The order
of business at all meetings of the  stockholders  shall be as  determined by the
Chairman.

                                      -20-
<PAGE>
         SECTION 9. Voting. Each stockholder of the Corporation shall, except as
otherwise  provided  by statute or in these  by-laws  or in the  Certificate  of
Incorporation  of the  Corporation,  at every  meeting  of the  stockholders  be
entitled to one vote in person or by proxy for each share of the  capital  stock
of the Corporation registered in his name on the books of the Corporation on the
date fixed  pursuant to Section 6 of Article VII of these  by-laws as the record
date for the  determination  of  stockholders  entitled to vote at such meeting.
Persons  holding in a fiduciary  capacity  stock having  voting  rights shall be
entitled to vote the shares so held,  and  persons  whose  stock  having  voting
rights is pledged  shall be  entitled  to vote,  unless in the  transfer  by the
pledgor  on the books he shall  have  expressly  empowered  the  pledgee to vote
thereon,  in which case only the pledgee, or his proxy, may represent said stock
and vote  thereon.  Any vote on stock may be given by the  stockholder  entitled
thereto  in  person or by his  proxy  appointed  by an  instrument  in  writing,
subscribed by such  stockholder  or by his attorney  thereunto  authorized,  and
delivered  to the  secretary of the meeting;  provided,  however,  that no proxy
shall be voted on after three years from its date unless said proxy provides for
a longer period. At all meetings of the stockholders,  all matters (except those
specified  in Sections 3 and 12 of Article III and Article XI of these  by-laws,
and except also in special cases where other  provision is made by statute,  and
except as  otherwise  provided in the  Certificate  of  Incorporation)  shall be
decided by the vote of a majority  in interest  of the  stockholders  present in
person or by proxy and entitled to vote thereat, a quorum being present.  Except
as  otherwise  provided  by  statute,  the vote on any  question  need not be by
ballot.  On a vote by ballot  each  ballot  shall be  signed by the  stockholder
voting,  or in his name by his proxy if there be such proxy, and shall state the
number of shares voted by him.


         SECTION 10. Inspectors of Election.  On each matter or election at each
meeting of the stockholders  where a vote by ballot is taken, the polls shall be
opened and closed,  the proxies  and ballots  shall be received  and be taken in
charge,  and all questions touching the qualification of voters and the validity
of proxies and the  acceptance  or rejection  of votes,  shall be decided by two
inspectors  of election who shall be appointed by the Chairman of such  meeting.
The inspectors of election need not be stockholders. No candidate for the office
of director  shall act as  inspector at any  election of  directors.  Inspectors
shall count and  ascertain  the number of shares  voted;  and shall  declare the
result of the election or of the voting as the case may be; and shall make out a
certificate accordingly, stating the number of shares issued and outstanding and
entitled to vote at such  election  or on such  matters and the number of shares
voted and how  voted.  Inspectors  shall be sworn to  faithfully  perform  their
duties and shall certify to the returns in writing.  They shall hold office from
the date of their  appointment  until their successors shall have been appointed
and qualified.

                                      -21-
<PAGE>
         SECTION 11. Action by Consent.  Whenever the vote of  stockholders at a
meeting  thereof is required or permitted to be taken for or in connection  with
any  corporate  action,  by any  provision of statute or of the  Certificate  of
Incorporation or of these by-laws,  the meeting,  prior notice thereof, and vote
of  stockholders  may be  dispensed  with,  and the action  taken  without  such
meeting,  notice and vote, if a consent in writing,  setting forth the action so
taken,  shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than
the minimum  number of votes that would be  necessary  to authorize or take such
action at a meeting at which all shares of stock of the Corporation  entitled to
vote thereon were present and voted. In order that the Corporation may determine
the  stockholders  entitled to consent to corporate  action in writing without a
meeting,  the Board of Directors may fix a record date,  which record date shall
not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted
by the Board of Directors,  and which date shall not be more than ten days after
the date upon which the  resolution  fixing  the  record  date is adopted by the
Board of Directors.  Any stockholder of record seeking to have the  stockholders
authorize or take corporate  action by written  consent shall, by written notice
to the  Secretary,  request the Board of Directors  to fix a record  date.  Such
written notice shall be directed to the Secretary at the Corporation's principal
place of business,  shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail,  return
receipt  requested,  and shall set forth the  corporate  action  proposed  to be
taken. The Board of Directors shall promptly,  but in all events within ten days
after the date on which such a request is  received  by the  Secretary,  adopt a
resolution fixing the record date. If no record date has been fixed by the Board
of  Directors  within ten days of the date on which such a request is  received,
the  record  date for  determining  stockholders  entitled  to  consent  to such
corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board
of Directors is required by applicable  law,  shall be the first date on which a
signed written  consent  setting forth such action taken or proposed to be taken
is delivered to the  Corporation by delivery to its principal place of business,
or any officer or agent of the  Corporation  having custody of the book in which
proceedings  of  stockholders  meetings are  recorded,  to the  attention of the
Secretary  of the  Corporation.  Delivery  shall be by hand or by  certified  or
registered mail, return receipt  requested.  If no record date has been fixed by
the Board of Directors and prior action by the Board of Directors is required by
applicable law, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent
to corporate  action in writing without a meeting shall be the close of business
on the date on which the Board of Directors  adopts the  resolution  taking such
prior action.  No consent to corporate  action without a meeting of stockholders
shall be  effective  prior to the record date  determined  as set forth  herein.
Prompt  notice  of the  taking of any  corporate  action  without  a meeting  of
stockholders  by less than  unanimous  written  consent  shall be given to those
stockholders who have not consented to such action in writing.


                                   ARTICLE III

                               BOARD OF DIRECTORS.


         SECTION 1.  General Powers.  The property, affairs and  business of the
Corporation  shall  be  managed  by or  under  the  direction  of the  Board  of
Directors.


         SECTION 2. Number,  Qualifications  and Terms of Office.  The number of
directors may be fixed from time to time by the  affirmative  vote of a majority
of the whole Board of  Directors,  but the number may be  diminished to not less
than three, by amendment of these by-laws.  Directors need not be  stockholders.
The  directors  shall be elected  annually and each  director  shall hold office
until his  successor  shall have been  elected and shall  qualify,  or until his
death or until  he  shall  resign  or shall  have  been  removed  in the  manner
hereinafter provided.

                                      -22-
<PAGE>
         SECTION 3. Election of Directors.  At each meeting of the  stockholders
for the  election  of  directors,  at which a quorum  is  present,  the  persons
receiving the greatest  number of votes shall be the  directors.  In case of any
increase in the number of directors,  the additional directors may be elected by
the directors then in office at any regular  meeting or special  meeting,  or by
the  stockholders  at the first annual  meeting held after such increase or at a
special meeting called for the purpose.


         SECTION 4. Quorum and Manner of Acting. Except as otherwise provided by
statute or by these by-laws,  one-third of the whole Board of Directors (but not
less than two) shall be required to constitute a quorum for the  transaction  of
business at any meeting,  and the act of a majority of the directors  present at
any  meeting  at  which a quorum  is  present  shall be the act of the  Board of
Directors.  In the absence of a quorum, a majority of the directors  present may
adjourn  any  meeting  from time to time  until a quorum  be had.  Notice of any
adjourned  meeting need be given only to those directors who were not present at
any meeting at which the adjournment  was taken,  provided the time and place of
the adjourned meeting were announced at the meeting at which the adjournment was
taken.  The  directors  shall act only as a board and the  individual  directors
shall have no power as such.


         SECTION 5. Place of Meeting,  etc. The Board of Directors  may hold its
meetings, at such place or places within or without the State of Delaware as the
Board of Directors  may from time to time  determine or as shall be specified or
fixed in the respective notices or waivers of notice thereof.


         SECTION 6. First Meeting.  After each annual  election of directors and
within a reasonable time  thereafter,  the Board of Directors shall meet for the
purpose of  organization,  the election of officers and the transaction of other
business at such hours and place as shall be convenient.  Notice of such meeting
shall be given as  hereinafter  provided  for  special  meetings of the Board of
Directors  or in a  consent  and  waiver  of  notice  thereof  signed by all the
directors.


         SECTION 7. Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors
shall be held at such  place and at such times as the Board of  Directors  shall
from time to time by resolution determine or as shall be specified in the Notice
of Meeting.  If any day fixed for a regular  meeting shall be a legal holiday at
the  place  where  the  meeting  is to be held,  then the  meeting  which  would
otherwise  be held on that  day  shall  be  held at the  same  hour on the  next
succeeding business day not a legal holiday. Notice of the regular meetings need
not be given.


         SECTION 8. Special Meetings:  Notice.  Special meetings of the Board of
Directors shall be held whenever called by the Chairman, the President or by one
of the directors.  Notice of each such meeting shall be mailed to each director,
addressed to him at his residence or usual place of business,  at least two days
before the day on which the  meeting  is to be held,  or shall be sent to him at
such place by telegraph,  cable, telex,  facsimile  transmitter or other similar
means, or be delivered personally or by telephone, not later than the day before
the day on which the meeting is to be held.  Every such  notice  shall state the
time and place of the meeting but need not state the purpose  thereof  except as
otherwise  in these  by-laws or by  statute  expressly  provided.  Notice of any
meeting of the Board of Directors need not be given to any director, however, if
waived by him in writing or by telegraph, cable, telex, facsimile transmitter or
other similar means whether  before or after such meeting be held or if he shall
be present at the meeting;  and any meeting of the Board of Directors shall be a
legal  meeting  without  any  notice  thereof  having  been  given if all of the
directors shall be present thereat.

                                      -23-
<PAGE>
         SECTION 9. Organization. At each meeting of the Board of Directors, the
Chairman or, in his absence, the President,  or, in the absence of both of them,
a director chosen by a majority of the directors  present shall act as Chairman.
The Secretary or, in his absence,  an Assistant  Secretary or, in the absence of
both the  Secretary  and  Assistant  Secretaries,  any person  appointed  by the
Chairman shall act as secretary of the meeting.


         SECTION 10. Order of Business.   At all meetings of the Board of
Directors  business shall be transacted in the order  determined by the Board of
Directors.


         SECTION 11. Resignations. Any director of the Corporation may resign at
any time by giving  written  notice to the  Chairman,  the  President  or to the
Secretary of the Corporation.  The resignation of any director shall take effect
at the  time of the  receipt  of such  notice  or at any  later  time  specified
therein;  and,  unless  otherwise  specified  therein,  the  acceptance  of such
resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.


         SECTION 12. Removal of Directors.  Any director may be removed,  either
with or without  cause,  at any time, by the  affirmative  vote of a majority in
interest of the holders of record of the stock having  voting power at a meeting
of the stockholders and the vacancy in the Board of Directors caused by any such
removal may be filled by the stockholders at such meeting.


         SECTION 13.  Vacancies.

         13.1  Any  vacancy  in  the  Board  of   Directors   caused  by  death,
resignation, removal, disqualification,  an increase in the number of directors,
or  any  cause  may  be  filled  by  the  directors  then  in  office  or by the
stockholders  of the  Corporation  at the next  annual  meeting  or any  special
meeting  called  for the  purpose  and at which a quorum  is  present,  and each
director so elected shall hold office until his successor  shall be duly elected
and  qualified,  or until his death or until he shall  resign or shall have been
removed  in the  manner  herein  provided.  In case of a vacancy in the Board of
Directors, the remaining Directors shall continue to act, but if at any time the
number of  directors  in office  shall be reduced to less than a majority of the
number  necessary  to  constitute  a full  Board  of  Directors,  the  remaining
directors  shall forthwith call a special  meeting of the  stockholders  for the
purpose of filling  vacancies.  In case all the directors shall die or resign or
be removed or disqualified,  any officer or any stockholder  having voting power
may call a special  meeting of the  stockholders,  upon  notice  given as herein
provided for meetings of the stockholders,  at which directors for the unexpired
term may be elected.

         13.2 A director who resigns,  retires, or does not stand for reelection
may,  in the  discretion  of the  Board of  Directors,  be  elected  a  Director
Emeritus.  A  Director  Emeritus  shall  receive  reimbursement  for  reasonable
expenses for  attendance  at meetings of the Board to which he is invited.  Such
attendance  shall be in a  consulting  capacity  and he shall not be entitled to
vote or have any duties or powers of a Director of the Corporation.


         SECTION 14. Regular  Stipulated  Compensation  and Fees.  Each director
shall be paid such regular stipulated compensation, if any, as shall be fixed by
the Board of Directors and/or such fee, if any, for each meeting of the Board of
Directors  which he shall attend as shall be fixed by the Board of Directors and
in addition such  transportation  and other expenses actually incurred by him in
connection with services to the Corporation.

                                      -24-
<PAGE>
         SECTION 15. Action by Consent.  Unless restricted by the Certificate of
Incorporation,  any action  required  or  permitted  to be taken by the Board of
Directors or any Committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all members
of the Board of Directors or such Committee, as the case may be, consent thereto
in  writing,  and the  writing or  writings  are filed  with the  minutes of the
proceedings of the Board of Directors or such Committee, as the case may be.


         SECTION 16. Telephonic Meeting. Unless restricted by the Certificate of
Incorporation,  any  one or  more  members  of the  Board  of  Directors  or any
Committee thereof may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors or such
Committee by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment
by means of which all persons  participating in the meeting can hear each other.
Participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at a meeting.


                                   ARTICLE IV.

                                   COMMITTEES.


         SECTION 1.  Committees.  The Board of Directors  may by  resolution  or
resolutions  passed by a  majority  of the whole  Board,  designate  one or more
Committees,  each  Committee  to consist of two or more of the  directors of the
Corporation, which, to the extent provided for in said resolution or resolutions
or in  these  by-laws,  shall  have and may  exercise  such  powers  as shall be
permitted by law to be, and shall be  delegated to such  Committee by the Board.
The  Committee  or  Committees  appointed  by the Board  shall be subject to the
supervision and direction of the Board of Directors.


         SECTION 2. Term of Office and  Vacancies.  Each  member of a  Committee
shall continue in office until a director to succeed him shall have been elected
and shall have qualified,  or until his death or until he shall have resigned or
shall have been  removed in the manner  hereinafter  provided.  Any vacancy in a
Committee  shall be  filled  by the vote of a  majority  of the  whole  Board of
Directors at any regular or special meeting thereof.


         SECTION 3. Organization. Except as otherwise provided in these by-laws,
the Chairman of each  Committee  shall be  designated by the Board of Directors.
The Chairman of each Committee may designate a secretary of each such Committee.
In the  absence  from  any  meeting  of any  Committee  of its  Chairman  or its
secretary such Committee shall appoint a temporary Chairman or secretary, as the
case may be, of the meeting unless  otherwise  provided in these  by-laws.  Each
Committee  shall keep a record of its acts and  proceedings  and report the same
from time to time to the Board of Directors.

                                      -25-
<PAGE>
         SECTION 4.  Resignations.  Any member of a Committee  may resign at any
time by giving  written  notice to the  Chairman,  President or Secretary of the
Corporation.  Such  resignation  shall take effect at the time of the receipt of
such  notice or at any later  time  specified  therein,  and,  unless  otherwise
specified therein,  the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to
make it effective.


         SECTION 5.  Removal.  Any member of a Committee  may be removed with or
without  cause at any time by the  affirmative  vote of a majority  of the whole
Board of Directors given at any regular meeting or at any special meeting called
for the purpose.

         SECTION 6. Meetings.  Regular  meetings of each Committee,  of which no
notice shall be necessary, shall be held on such days and at such place as shall
be fixed by a resolution adopted by the vote of a majority of all the members of
such Committee. Special meetings of each Committee may be called by the Chairman
of such Committee or by the Chairman, President or Secretary of the Corporation.
Notice of each special  meeting of the  Committee  shall be sent by mail to each
member  thereof,  addressed to him at his  residence or usual place of business,
not later  than the day before  the day on which the  meeting is to be held,  or
shall  be sent  to each  such  member  by  telegraph,  cable,  telex,  facsimile
transmitter  or other  similar  means,  or  delivered  to him  personally  or by
telephone,  not less than three (3) hours  before the time set for the  meeting.
Every  such  notice  shall  state  the time and  place,  but need not  state the
purposes,  of the  meeting.  Notice of any such meeting need not be given to any
member of a  Committee,  however,  if waived by him in writing or by  telegraph,
cable,  telex,  facsimile  transmitter  or other similar  means,  or if he shall
attend such meeting in person,  and any meeting of a Committee  shall be a legal
meeting  without any notice  thereof  having been given if all of the members of
the Committee shall be present thereat.


         SECTION 7. Quorum and Manner of Acting.  Unless  otherwise  provided by
resolution  of the Board of  Directors  one less than a majority of a Committee,
but not less than two, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business
and the act of a  majority  of those  present  at a meeting at which a quorum is
present  shall  be the  act of  such  Committee.  If at any  time  it  shall  be
determined  that a quorum of a  Committee  for any  regular or  special  meeting
thereof  cannot be had,  any member or members  thereof  shall have the right to
invite one or more members of the Board of Directors who are not members of such
Committee to attend any such  meeting and to be counted as a member  thereof for
the purpose of making a quorum.  The members of each Committee shall act only as
a Committee and the individual members shall have no power as such.


         SECTION 8.  [RESERVED]


         SECTION 9. Fees.  Each member of a Committee shall be paid such fee, if
any,  as shall be fixed by the  Board of  Directors,  for each  meeting  of such
Committee which he shall attend,  and in addition such  transportation and other
expenses  actually  incurred  by him in  connection  with his  services  as such
member.


                                      -26-
<PAGE>


                                   ARTICLE V.

               OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS: POWERS AND DUTIES.


         SECTION 1. Officers. The elected officers of the Corporation shall be a
Chairman and a President  (each of whom shall be a director),  a Chief Executive
Officer, a Chief Operating Officer, such Executive Vice Presidents,  such Senior
Vice  Presidents and other Vice Presidents as the Board may elect, a Controller,
a  Treasurer,  and  a  Secretary.  The  Board  of  Directors  or  any  Committee
constituted  pursuant to Article IV of these  by-laws with power for the purpose
may  also  appoint  one or more  Assistant  Controllers,  one or more  Assistant
Treasurers,  one or more  Assistant  Secretaries,  and such other  officers  and
agents as, from time to time,  may appear to be  necessary  or  advisable in the
conduct of the affairs of the Corporation.  Any number of offices may be held by
the same person,  except that any person serving as Chairman or President  shall
not also serve as Secretary.


         SECTION  2.  Term of  Office:  Vacancies.  So far as  practicable,  all
elected  officers shall be elected at the  organization  meeting of the Board of
Directors in each year, and shall hold office until their respective  successors
are chosen and qualified or until their earlier  resignations  or removals.  All
other  officers  shall hold  office  during the  pleasure  of the Board.  If any
vacancy  occurs in any  office,  the Board of  Directors,  or, in the case of an
appointive  office,  any Committee  constituted  pursuant to Article IV of these
by-laws  with power for the  purpose,  may elect or appoint a successor  to fill
such vacancy for the remainder of the term.


         SECTION 3. Removal of Elected  Officers.   Any elected  officer may be 
removed at any time,  either  for or without  cause,  by  affirmative  vote of a
majority of the whole Board of Directors, at any meeting called for the purpose.


         SECTION 4.  Chairman.  The Chairman  shall  function  under the general
supervision of the Board of Directors and shall perform such duties and exercise
such powers as from time to time may be assigned to him by the Board. During any
period in which there is a vacancy in the office of the President,  the Chairman
shall,  pending action by the Board,  perform the duties and exercise the powers
of the President.  The Chairman shall preside,  when present, at all meetings of
the  stockholders  and of the  Board  of  Directors  and  shall  see to it  that
appropriate agendas are developed for such meetings.


         SECTION 5.  President.  The  President  shall  perform  such duties and
exercise such powers as from time to time may be assigned to him by the Board or
the  Chairman.  At the  request  of the  Chairman  or in case of the  Chairman's
absence or  inability  to act,  the  President  shall  perform the duties of the
Chairman and, when so acting,  shall have the powers of, and shall be subject to
the restrictions upon, the Chairman.

                                      -27-
<PAGE>
         SECTION 6. Chief Executive  Officer.  The Chief Executive Officer shall
be  designated  from  time to time  by a  resolution  adopted  by the  Board  of
Directors  and shall be either the  Chairman  or the  President.  He shall have,
subject  to  the  direction  and  control  of  the  Board,  general  and  active
supervision  over the  business  and  affairs  of the  Corporation  and over its
several officers.  He shall perform all duties incident to his position and such
other duties as may from time to time be assigned to him by the Board.  He shall
see that all orders of the Board  shall be  carried  into  effect.  He may sign,
execute and deliver all deeds,  mortgages,  contracts,  stock  certificates  and
other  instruments  in the name of the  Corporation,  except in cases  where the
signing, execution or delivery thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board
or by a duly authorized Committee of the Board or by these By-Laws to some other
officer or agent of the  Corporation  or where any of them shall be  required by
law otherwise to be signed,  executed or delivered. He may cause the seal of the
Corporation  to be affixed to any  documents the execution of which on behalf of
the  Corporation  shall have been duly  authorized.  He shall have  authority to
cause  the  employment  or  appointment  of such  employees  and  agents  of the
Corporation  as the  proper  conduct of  operations  may  require,  to fix their
compensation,  subject to the provisions of these By-Laws,  to remove or suspend
any  employee  or agent  under  authority  of an officer to him,  to suspend for
cause,  pending  final  action by the  authority  which  shall  have  elected or
appointed  him, any officer  subordinate  to him, and to have all the duties and
exercise  all the powers  usually  pertaining  to the  office  held by the Chief
Executive  Officer  of a  Corporation,  except as  otherwise  provided  in these
By-Laws.


         SECTION 7. Chief Operating  Officer.  A Chief Operating  Officer may be
designated from time to time by a resolution  adopted by the Board of Directors,
and shall be subject to the  direction  and control of the Board,  and the Chief
Executive  Officer.  He shall directly  report to and assist the Chief Executive
Officer in the general and active  supervision  over the business and affairs of
the  Corporation  and over its several  officers,  and shall  perform all duties
incident  to his  position  and such  other  duties  as may from time to time be
assigned to him by the Board, or the Chief Executive Officer.


         SECTION 8. Vice Presidents.  Under the direction of the Chief Executive
Officer or the Chief Operating  Officer,  the Executive Vice Presidents,  Senior
Vice Presidents,  and Vice Presidents of the Corporation  shall perform all such
duties and  exercise  all such powers as may be provided by these  by-laws or as
may from time to time be  determined  by the Board of  Directors,  any Committee
constituted  pursuant to Article IV of these by-laws with power for the purpose,
the Chief Executive Officer, or the Chief Operating Officer.


         SECTION 9.  Controller.  The Controller  shall be the chief  accounting
officer of the  Corporation  and shall see that the accounts of the  Corporation
and its  subsidiary  corporations  are  maintained in accordance  with generally
accepted accounting  principles;  and all decisions affecting the accounts shall
be subject to his  approval or  concurrence.  He shall  supervise  the manner of
keeping  all  vouchers  for  payments  by the  Corporation  and  its  subsidiary
corporations  and all other documents  relating to such payments,  shall receive
and consolidate all operating and financial  statements of the Corporation,  its
various  departments,   divisions  and  subsidiary   corporations;   shall  have
supervision  of the  books of  account  of the  Corporation  and its  subsidiary
corporations,   their  arrangement  and  classification;   shall  supervise  the
accounting  practices of the  Corporation  and its subsidiary  corporations  and
shall have charge of all matters relating to taxation.

                                      -28-
<PAGE>
         SECTION 10. Assistant Controllers.  At the request of the Controller or
in his absence or  disability  the  Assistant  Controller  designated  by him or
(failing such request or designation) the Assistant  Controller or other officer
designated by the President  shall perform all the duties of the Controller and,
when so  acting,  shall  have  all the  powers  of,  and be  subject  to all the
restrictions upon, the Controller.


         SECTION 11. Treasurer. The Treasurer shall be the fiscal officer of the
Corporation.  He shall  have  the care and  custody  of all  moneys,  funds  and
securities of the Corporation,  and shall cause the same to be deposited in such
bank or banks or depositories  as from time to time may be designated,  pursuant
to Section 4 and Section 5 of Article VI of these by-laws; shall advise upon all
terms of credit  granted by the  Corporation  and its  subsidiary  corporations,
respectively;  shall be responsible  for the collection of their  accounts,  and
shall cause to be recorded, daily, a statement of all receipts and disbursements
of the Corporation and its subsidiary corporations, in order that proper entries
may be made in the  books of  account;  and  shall  have  power  to give  proper
receipts or discharges for all payments to the  Corporation.  He shall also have
power to sign any or all certificates of stock of the Corporation.


         SECTION 12. Assistant Treasurers. At the request of the Treasurer or in
his absence or disability the Assistant Treasurer  designated by him or (failing
such request or designation) the Assistant Treasurer or other officer designated
by the  President  shall  perform all the duties of the  Treasurer  and, when so
acting,  shall have the powers of, and be subject to all the restrictions  upon,
the Treasurer.


         SECTION 13.  Secretary.  The  Secretary  shall  attend to the giving of
notice of all meetings of  stockholders  and of the Board of Directors and shall
record all the proceedings of the meetings  thereof in books to be kept for that
purpose. He shall have charge of the corporate seal and have authority to attest
any and all  instruments or writings to which the same may be affixed.  He shall
be custodian  of all books,  documents,  papers and records of the  Corporation,
except those for which some other officer or agent is properly  accountable.  He
shall  have  authority  to  sign  any  or  all  certificates  of  stock  of  the
Corporation,  and,  in  general,  shall have all the  duties and powers  usually
appertaining to the office of secretary of a corporation.


         SECTION 14. Assistant  Secretaries.  At the request of the Secretary or
in his  absence or  disability  the  Assistant  Secretary  designated  by him or
(failing such request or designation)  the Assistant  Secretary or other officer
designated by the President  shall perform all the duties of the Secretary  and,
when so  acting,  shall  have  all the  powers  of,  and be  subject  to all the
restrictions upon, the Secretary.

                                      -29-
<PAGE>
         SECTION 15.  Additional Duties and Powers. In addition to the foregoing
especially enumerated duties and powers, the several officers of the Corporation
shall  perform  such other duties and  exercise  such  further  powers as may be
provided in these by-laws or as may from time to time be determined by the Board
of  Directors,  or any  Committee  constituted  pursuant  to Article IV of these
by-laws with power for the purpose, or by any competent superior officer.


         SECTION 16.  Compensation.  The  compensation  of all officers,  except
assistant officers,  of the Corporation shall be fixed, from time to time by the
Board of Directors, or any Committee constituted pursuant to Article IV of these
by-laws with power for the purpose.


         SECTION 17. Resignations.  Any officer may resign at any time by giving
written notice to the Board of Directors, the Chairman, the President, the Chief
Executive  Officer,  the Chief  Operating  Officer,  or the Secretary.  Any such
resignation  shall take  effect at the date of receipt of such  notice or at any
later time  specified  therein;  and unless  otherwise  specified  therein,  the
acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.


                                   ARTICLE VI.

                 CONTRACTS, CHECKS, DRAFTS, BANK ACCOUNTS, ETC.


         SECTION 1. Contracts,  etc., How Executed.  The Board of Directors,  or
any Committee constituted pursuant to Article IV of these by-laws with power for
the purpose,  except as in these by-laws otherwise  provided,  may authorize any
officer or  officers,  agent or  agents,  of the  Corporation  to enter into any
contract or execute and deliver any  instrument  in the name of and on behalf of
the  Corporation,  and such  authority  may be general or  confined  to specific
instances;  and,  unless  so  authorized  by the Board of  Directors  or by such
Committee or by these  by-laws,  no officer,  agent,  or employee shall have any
power or  authority to bind the  Corporation  by any contract or agreement or to
pledge its credit or to render it liable  pecuniarily  for any purpose or to any
amount.


         SECTION  2.  Loans.  No loan  shall  be  contracted  on  behalf  of the
Corporation,  and no  negotiable  paper  shall be  issued  in its  name,  unless
authorized by the Board of Directors or by any Committee constituted pursuant to
Article IV of these by-laws with power for the purpose. When so authorized,  the
Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Operating Officer, or a Vice
President or the Secretary or the  Treasurer or the  Assistant  Treasurer of the
Corporation may effect loans and advances at any time for the  Corporation  from
any bank, trust company or other institution,  or from any firm,  corporation or
individual  and for such  loans and  advances  may  make,  execute  and  deliver
promissory notes or other evidences of indebtedness of the Corporation and, when
authorized  as  aforesaid,  as  security  for the  payment of any and all loans,
advances, indebtedness and liabilities of the Corporation, may mortgage, pledge,
hypothecate  or transfer  any real or personal  property at any time held by the
Corporation  and to that end  execute  instruments  of  mortgage  or  pledge  or
otherwise  transfer such property.  Such authority may be general or confined to
specific instances.

                                      -30-
<PAGE>
         SECTION 3. Checks,  Drafts, etc. All checks, drafts or other orders for
the payment of money,  notes, or other  evidences of indebtedness  issued in the
name of the Corporation,  shall be signed by such officer or officers,  employee
or  employees,  of the  Corporation  as shall from time to time be determined by
resolution of the Board of Directors or by any Committee constituted pursuant to
Article IV of these  by-laws  with power for the  purpose,  or by any officer or
officers  authorized  pursuant  to  Section 4 or  Section 5 of this  Article  to
designate depositaries or to open bank accounts.


         SECTION 4. Deposits.  All funds of the  Corporation  shall be deposited
from  time  to time to the  credit  of the  Corporation  in  such  banks,  trust
companies  or other  depositories  as the Board of  Directors  or any  Committee
constituted  pursuant to Article IV of these  by-laws with power for the purpose
may from  time to time  designate,  or as may be  designated  by an  officer  or
officers of the  Corporation to whom such power may be delegated by the Board of
Directors,  or by such  Committee,  and for the  purpose  of such  deposit,  the
President,  the Chief Executive Officer,  the Chief Operating Officer, or a Vice
President,  or the Treasurer, or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary, or an
Assistant Secretary,  may endorse,  assign and deliver checks,  drafts and other
orders  for  the  payment  of  money  which  are  payable  to the  order  of the
Corporation.


         SECTION 5. General and Special Bank Accounts. The Board of Directors or
any Committee constituted pursuant to Article IV of these by-laws with power for
the purpose,  or any officer or officers of the  Corporation to whom such powers
may be delegated by the Board of Directors, or by such Committee,  may from time
to time  authorize the opening and keeping with such banks,  trust  companies or
other  depositaries  as it, or they,  may  designate of general and special bank
accounts,  and may make such special rules and regulations with respect thereto,
not inconsistent with the provisions of these by-laws,  as it, or they, may deem
expedient.


         SECTION 6.  Proxies.  Except as  otherwise  in these  by-laws or in the
Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation  provided,  and unless otherwise
provided  by  resolution  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  or  of  any  Committee
constituted  pursuant to Article IV of these by-laws with power for the purpose,
the  Chairman  or  President  or Chief  Executive  Officer may from time to time
appoint an attorney or attorneys or agent or agents, of the Corporation,  in the
name and on behalf of the  Corporation  to cast the votes which the  Corporation
may be entitled to cast as a stockholder  or otherwise in any other  corporation
any of whose  stock  or  other  securities  may be held by the  Corporation,  at
meetings  of the  holders  of the  stock  or  other  securities  of  such  other
corporation,  or to consent in writing to any action by such other  corporation,
and may  instruct the person or persons so appointed as to the manner of casting
such votes or giving  such  consent,  and may execute or cause to be executed in
the name and on behalf of the  Corporation  and under  its  corporate  seal,  or
otherwise,  all  such  written  proxies  or  other  instruments  as he may  deem
necessary or proper in the premises.

                                      -31-
<PAGE>
         SECTION 7.  Independent  Public  Accountants.  The  stockholders of the
Corporation   shall,  at  each  annual  meeting,   appoint   independent  public
accountants  for the purpose of auditing  and  certifying  the annual  financial
statements  of  the   Corporation  for  its  current  fiscal  year  as  sent  to
stockholders  or otherwise  published by the  Corporation.  If the  stockholders
shall fail to appoint such independent  public accountants or if the independent
public  accountants  so appointed by the  stockholders  shall  decline to act or
resign, or for some other reason be unable to perform their duties, the Board of
Directors  shall appoint other  independent  public  accountants  to perform the
duties herein provided.


                                  ARTICLE VII.

                           SHARES AND THEIR TRANSFER.


         SECTION 1. Shares.  The shares of the Corporation  shall be represented
by certificates or shall be  uncertificated.  Each registered  holder of shares,
upon request to the Corporation,  shall be provided with a certificate of stock,
representing  the  number  of shares  owned by such  holder.  Absent a  specific
request for such a certificate  by the registered  owner or transferee  thereof,
all shares shall be  uncertificated  upon the original  issuance  thereof by the
Corporation or upon the surrender of the certificate representing such shares to
the Corporation. Certificates for shares of the capital stock of the Corporation
shall be in such form as shall be approved by the Board of  Directors  or by any
Committee constituted pursuant to Article IV of these by-laws with power for the
purpose. They shall be numbered,  shall certify the number of shares held by the
holder thereof and shall be signed by the Chairman,  President,  Chief Executive
Officer,  Chief  Operating  Officer or a Vice  President and the Treasurer or an
Assistant   Treasurer  or  the  Secretary  or  an  Assistant  Secretary  of  the
Corporation, and the seal of the Corporation shall be affixed thereto. Where any
such  certificate  is  countersigned  by  a  transfer  agent,   other  than  the
Corporation or its employee,  or by a registrar,  other than the  Corporation or
its  employee,  any  other  signature  and the seal of the  Corporation  on such
certificate may be a facsimile,  engraved,  stamped or printed.  In any case any
such  officer,  transfer  agent or registrar  who has signed or whose  facsimile
signature has been placed upon any such certificate shall have ceased to be such
officer,  transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued,  it may
be issued by the Corporation  with the same effect as if such officer,  transfer
agent,  or registrar were such officer,  transfer agent or registrar at the date
of its issue.


         SECTION 2. Transfer of Stock.  Transfers of shares of the capital stock
of the  Corporation  shall be made only on the books of the  Corporation  by the
holder thereof,  or by his attorney thereunto  authorized by a power of attorney
duly  executed and filed with the  Secretary of the  Corporation,  or a transfer
agent  of the  Corporation,  if any,  and on  surrender  of the  certificate  or
certificates  for such  shares,  properly  endorsed,  or upon  receipt of proper
transfer  instructions  from the  owner of  uncertificated  shares,  or upon the
escheat  of said  shares  under the laws of any state of the  United  States.  A
person in whose name shares of stock stand on the books of the Corporation shall
be deemed the owner thereof as regards the  Corporation,  provided that whenever
any  transfer  of  shares  shall  be  made  for  collateral  security,  and  not
absolutely,  such fact,  if known to the  Secretary or to said  transfer  agent,
shall be so expressed in the entry of transfer.


         SECTION 3. Addresses of Stockholders.  Each stockholder shall designate
to the Secretary of the  Corporation an address at which notices of meetings and
all  other  corporate  notices  may be  served  or  mailed  to  him,  and if any
stockholder  shall fail to  designate  such  address,  corporate  notices may be
served upon him by mail directed to him at his last known post office address as
it appears on the records of the Corporation.

                                      -32-
<PAGE>
         SECTION 4. Lost, Stolen, Destroyed and Mutilated Certificates.  To deal
with the eventuality of lost,  stolen,  destroyed and mutilated  certificates of
stock the Board of Directors or any Committee constituted pursuant to Article IV
of these  by-laws  with  power for the  purpose  may  establish  by  appropriate
resolutions  such rules and  regulations as they deem  expedient  concerning the
issue to such holder  uncertificated  shares or, if requested by such holder,  a
new  certificate  or  certificates  of stock,  including,  without  limiting the
generality  of the  foregoing,  such  rules  and  regulations  as they  may deem
expedient  with  respect  to the  proof of loss,  theft or  destruction  and the
surrender of mutilated  certificates  and the requirements as to the giving of a
bond or bonds to indemnify the  Corporation  against any claim which may be made
against it on account of the  alleged  loss,  theft or  destruction  of any such
certificate. The holder of any stock of the Corporation shall immediately notify
the Corporation and/or the appropriate transfer agent of such stock of any loss,
theft, destruction or mutilation of the certificate therefor.


         SECTION 5. Transfer Agent and Registrar:  Regulations.  The Corporation
shall,  if and  whenever the Board of  Directors  or any  Committee  constituted
pursuant  to Article IV of these  by-laws  with power for the  purpose  shall so
determine,  maintain one or more transfer offices or agencies, each in charge of
a transfer  agent  designated  by the Board of Directors  or by such  Committee,
where the  shares of the  capital  stock of the  Corporation  shall be  directly
transferable,  and  also  one or more  registry  offices,  each in  charge  of a
registrar designated by the Board of Directors or by such Committee,  where such
shares  of stock  shall be  registered,  and no  certificate  for  shares of the
capital stock of the  Corporation,  in respect of which a registrar and transfer
agent shall have been  designated,  shall be valid unless  countersigned by such
transfer agent and registered by such registrar. A firm may act at the same time
as both transfer agent and registrar of the Corporation.  The Board of Directors
or any such Committee may also make such additional  rules and regulations as it
may  deem  expedient   concerning  the  issue,   transfer  and  registration  of
uncertificated  shares or  certificates  for shares of the capital  stock of the
Corporation.


         SECTION 6. Fixing Record Date.  The Board of Directors or any Committee
constituted  pursuant to Article IV of these  by-laws with power for the purpose
may fix, in advance,  a date, not exceeding sixty days preceding the date of any
meeting of  stockholders,  or the date for the payment of any  dividend,  or the
date for the allotment of rights, or the date when any change or conversation or
exchange  of  capital  stock  shall go into  effect,  as a  record  date for the
determination  of the  stockholders  entitled  to notice of, and to vote at, any
such meeting or entitled to receive payment of any such dividend, or to any such
allotment  of rights,  or to  exercise  the  rights in  respect  of any  change,
conversation  or exchange of the capital stock,  and in each such case only such
stockholders  as shall be  stockholders  of record on the date so fixed shall be
entitled to notice of, or to vote at,  such  meeting,  or to receive  payment of
such  dividend,  or to receive  such  allotment of rights,  or to exercise  such
rights,  as the case may be,  notwithstanding  any  transfer of any stock on the
books of the Corporation after any such record date as aforesaid.

                                      -33-
<PAGE>
         SECTION 7. Examination of Books by Stockholders. The Board of Directors
or any Committee  constituted pursuant to Article IV of these by-laws with power
for the purpose shall, subject to the laws of the State of Delaware,  have power
to  determine,  from time to time,  whether  and to what  extent  and under what
conditions and regulations the accounts and books of the Corporation,  or any of
them,  shall be open to the inspection of the  stockholders;  and no stockholder
shall  have  any  right  to  inspect  any  account,  book  or  document  of  the
Corporation,  except as conferred  by the laws of the State of Delaware,  unless
and until  authorized  so to do by  resolution  of the Board of Directors or any
Committee constituted pursuant to Article IV of these by-laws with power for the
purpose or of the stockholders of the Corporation.


                                  ARTICLE VIII.

                            DIVIDENDS, SURPLUS, ETC.


         Subject to the provisions of the Certificate of  Incorporation  and any
restrictions  imposed by statute,  the Board of Directors may declare  dividends
from the surplus of the  Corporation  or from the net profits  arising  from its
business, whenever, and in such amounts as, in its opinion, the condition of the
affairs of the Corporation shall render advisable. If the date appointed for the
payment  of any  dividend  shall in any year  fall on a legal  holiday  then the
dividend  payable on such date shall be payable on the next succeeding  business
day. The Board of Directors  in its  discretion  may from time to time set aside
from  such  surplus  or net  profits  such  sum or sums as it,  in its  absolute
discretion,  may think proper as a working  capital or as a reserve fund to meet
contingencies,  or for the purpose of  maintaining or increasing the property or
business of the Corporation,  or for any other purpose it may think conducive to
the best interests of the  Corporation.  All such surplus or net profits,  until
actually  declared  in  dividends,  or used and applied as  aforesaid,  shall be
deemed to have been so set aside by the Board for one or more of said purposes.


                                   ARTICLE IX.

                                      SEAL.
 
        The corporate seal of the Corporation shall consist of a metallic stamp,
circular in form,  bearing in its center the figures and word "1929,  Delaware",
and at the outer edge the name of the Corporation.


                                   ARTICLE X.

                                  FISCAL YEAR.


         The  fiscal  year of the  Corporation  shall  begin on the first day of
January in each year.

                                      -34-
<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE XI.

                                   AMENDMENTS.


         All  by-laws  of the  Corporation  shall be subject  to  alteration  or
repeal,  and new by-laws not inconsistent  with any provision of the Certificate
of Incorporation of the Corporation or any provision of law, may be made, either
by  the  affirmative  vote  of  the  holders  of  record  of a  majority  of the
outstanding stock of the Corporation entitled to vote in respect thereof,  given
at an annual  meeting or at any special  meeting or by the Board of Directors at
any regular or special meeting.


                                      -35-

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