<PAGE>
AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON MARCH 31, 1997
REGISTRATION NO.: 2-66269
811-2978
==============================================================================
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
--------------
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
[X]
PRE-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO.
[ ]
POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 20
[X]
AND/OR
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY
ACT OF 1940
[X]
AMENDMENT NO. 21
[X]
--------------
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
(A MASSACHUSETTS BUSINESS TRUST)
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN CHARTER)
TWO WORLD TRADE CENTER
NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10048
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICE)
REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE: (212) 392-1600
BARRY FINK, ESQ.
TWO WORLD TRADE CENTER
NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10048
(NAME AND ADDRESS OF AGENT FOR SERVICE)
COPIES TO:
DAVID M. BUTOWSKY, ESQ.
GORDON, ALTMAN, BUTOWSKY
WEITZEN, SHALOV & WEIN
114 WEST 47TH STREET
NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10036
--------------
APPROXIMATE DATE OF PROPOSED PUBLIC OFFERING:
As soon as practicable after this Post-Effective Amendment becomes effective.
IT IS PROPOSED THAT THIS FILING WILL BECOME EFFECTIVE (CHECK APPROPRIATE BOX)
X immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)
---
on March 31, 1997 pursuant to paragraph (b)
---
60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)
---
on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a) of rule 485.
---
THE REGISTRANT HAS REGISTERED AN INDEFINITE NUMBER OF ITS SHARES UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 PURSUANT TO SECTION (A)(1) OF RULE 24F-2 UNDER THE
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940. THE REGISTRANT FILED THE RULE 24F-2 NOTICE,
FOR ITS FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996, WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION ON FEBRUARY 3, 1997.
AMENDING THE PROSPECTUS AND UPDATING FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
===============================================================================
<PAGE>
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
CROSS-REFERENCE SHEET
FORM N-1A
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ITEM CAPTION
- ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
PART A PROSPECTUS
1. ..... Cover Page
2. ..... Prospectus Summary; Summary of Fund Expenses
3. ..... Financial Highlights; Performance Information
4. ..... Investment Objective and Policies; The Fund and its Management;
Cover Page; Investment Restrictions; Prospectus Summary
5. ..... The Fund and Its Management; Back Cover; Investment Objective
and Policies
6. ..... Dividends, Distributions and Taxes; Additional Information
7. ..... Purchase of Fund Shares; Shareholder Services
8. ..... Redemptions and Repurchases; Shareholder Services
9. ..... Not applicable
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
PART B STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
10. ..... Cover Page
11. ..... Table of Contents
12. ..... The Fund and its Management
13. ..... Investment Practices and Policies; Investment Restrictions;
Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage
14. ..... The Fund and Its Management; Trustees and Officers
15. ..... The Fund and Its Management; Trustees and Officers
16. ..... The Fund and Its Management; The Distributor; Shareholder
Services; Custodian and Transfer Agent; Independent Accountants
17. ..... Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage
18. ..... Shares of the Fund
19. ..... The Distributor; Redemptions and Repurchases; Financial
Statements; Determination of Net Asset Value; Shareholder
Services
20. ..... Dividends, Distributions and Taxes
21. ..... The Distributor
22. ..... Performance Information
23. ..... Experts; Financial Statements
</TABLE>
PART C
Information required to be included in Part C is set forth under the
appropriate item, so numbered, in Part C of this Registration Statement.
<PAGE>
DEAN WITTER
TAX-FREE DAILY
PROSPECTUS -- MARCH 31, 1997
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dean Witter American Value Fund (the "Fund") is an open-end diversified
management investment company whose investment objective is long-term capital
growth consistent with an effort to reduce volatility. The Fund invests
principally in common stock of companies in industries which, at the time of
the investment, are believed to be attractively valued given their above
average relative earnings growth potential at that time. (See "Investment
Objective and Policies.")
Shares of the Fund are continuously offered at net asset value without the
imposition of a sales charge. However, redemptions and/or repurchases are
subject in most cases to a contingent deferred sales charge, scaled down from
5% to 1% of the amount redeemed, if made within six years of purchase, which
charge will be paid to the Fund's Distributor, Dean Witter Distributors Inc.
(See "Redemptions and Repurchases--Contingent Deferred Sales Charge.") In
addition, the Fund pays the Distributor a distribution fee pursuant to a Plan
of Distribution at the annual rate of 1.0% of the lesser of (i) the average
daily aggregate net sales or (ii) the average daily net assets of the Fund.
(See "Purchase of Fund Shares--Plan of Distribution.")
This Prospectus sets forth concisely the information you should know before
investing in the Fund. It should be read and retained for future reference.
Additional information about the Fund is contained in the Statement of
Additional Information, dated March 31, 1997, which has been filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission, and which is available at no charge upon
request of the Fund at the address or telephone numbers listed on this page.
The Statement of Additional Information is incorporated herein by reference.
DEAN WITTER
AMERICAN VALUE FUND
TWO WORLD TRADE CENTER
NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10048
(212) 392-2550 OR
(800) 869-NEWS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Prospectus Summary .................................................... 2
Summary of Fund Expenses .............................................. 3
Financial Highlights .................................................. 4
The Fund and its Management ........................................... 5
Investment Objective and Policies ..................................... 5
Risk Considerations .................................................. 10
Investment Restrictions ............................................... 12
Purchase of Fund Shares ............................................... 13
Shareholder Services .................................................. 15
Redemptions and Repurchases ........................................... 18
Dividends, Distributions and Taxes .................................... 20
Performance Information ............................................... 21
Additional Information ................................................ 22
SHARES OF THE FUND ARE NOT DEPOSITS OR OBLIGATIONS OF, OR GUARANTEED OR
ENDORSED BY, ANY BANK, AND THE SHARES ARE NOT FEDERALLY INSURED BY THE
FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION, THE FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD, OR ANY
OTHER AGENCY.
THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURI TIES COMMISSION NOR HAS THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED
UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE
CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
Dean Witter Distributors Inc., Distributor
<PAGE>
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
- --------------- -------------------------------------------------------------
The The Fund, a Massachusetts business trust, is an open-end
Fund diversified management investment company investing
principally in industries which, at the time of investment,
are believed to be attractively valued given their above
average relative earnings growth potential at that time (see
page 5).
- --------------- -------------------------------------------------------------
Shares Offered Shares of beneficial interest with $0.01 par value (see
page 22).
- --------------- -------------------------------------------------------------
Offering At net asset value (see page 13). Shares redeemed within six
Price years of purchase are subject to a contingent deferred sales
charge under most circumstances (see page 18).
- --------------- -------------------------------------------------------------
Minimum Minimum initial investment, $1,000 ($100 if the account is
Purchase opened through EasyInvest (Service Mark)); minimum subsequent
investment, $100 (see page 13).
- --------------- -------------------------------------------------------------
Investment The investment objective of the Fund is capital growth
Objective consistent with an effort to reduce volatility.
- --------------- -------------------------------------------------------------
Investment Dean Witter InterCapital Inc., the Investment Manager of the
Manager Fund, and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Dean Witter Services
Company Inc., serve in various investment management,
advisory, management and administrative capacities to 102
investment companies and other portfolios with assets of
approximately $93 billion at February 28, 1997 (see page 5).
- --------------- -------------------------------------------------------------
Management The Investment Manager receives a monthly fee at an annual
Fee rate of 0.625 of 1% of daily net assets up to $250 million in
net assets; 0.50 of 1% of daily net assets over $250 million
but not exceeding $2.5 billion; and 0.475 of 1% of daily net
assets exceeding $2.5 billion (see page 5).
- --------------- -------------------------------------------------------------
Dividends and It is anticipated that distributions of income and net
Capital Gains short-term capital gains, if any, will be made semi-annually.
Distributions Net long-term capital gains, if any, are distributed at least
annually or retained for reinvestment by the Fund. Dividends
and capital gains distributions are automatically reinvested
in additional shares at net asset value unless the shareholder
elects to receive cash (see page 20).
- --------------- -------------------------------------------------------------
Distributor and Dean Witter Distributors Inc. (the "Distributor"). For its
Distribution services as Distributor, which includes payment of sales
Fee commissions to account executives and various other
promotional and sales related expenses, the Distributor
receives from the Fund a distribution fee accrued daily and
payable monthly at the rate of 1.0% per annum of the lesser of
(a) the average daily aggregate net sales or (b) the average
daily net assets of the Fund. The fee compensates the
Distributor for services provided in distributing shares of
the Fund and for sales related expenses. The Distributor also
receives the proceeds of any contingent deferred sales charges
(see pages 13-15).
- --------------- -------------------------------------------------------------
Redemption-- At net asset value; redeemable involuntarily if total value of
Contingent the account is less than $100 or, if the account was opened
Deferred through EasyInvest, if after twelve months the shareholder has
Sales invested less than $1,000 in the account. Although no
Charge commission or sales charge is imposed upon the purchase of
shares, a contingent deferred sales charge (scaled down from
5% to 1%) is imposed on any redemption of shares which causes
the aggregate current value of an account with the Fund to
fall below the aggregate amount of the investor's purchase
payments made during the preceding six years. There is no
charge imposed on redemption of shares purchased through
reinvestment of dividends or distributions (see pages 18-20).
- --------------- -------------------------------------------------------------
Retirement You can take advantage of tax benefits for personal retirement
Plans accounts by investing in the Fund through an IRA (Individual
Retirement Account) or Custodial Account under Section
403(b)(7) of the Internal Revenue Code (see page 16).
- --------------- -------------------------------------------------------------
Risks The net asset value of the Fund's shares will fluctuate with
changes in the market value of its portfolio securities.
Emphasis on attractive industries may run contrary to general
market assessments and may involve risks associated with
departure from typical S&P 500 industry weightings. It should
be recognized that the Fund's investments in small and medium-
capitalization companies involve greater risk than is
customarily associated with investing in larger, more
established companies. The Fund may invest in the securities
of foreign issuers which entails additional risks. The Fund
may also invest in futures and options which may be considered
speculative in nature and may involve greater risks than those
customarily assumed by other investment companies which do not
invest in such instruments (see pages 6-12).
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
The above is qualified in its entirety by the detailed information appearing
elsewhere in the Prospectus
and in the Statement of Additional Information.
2
<PAGE>
SUMMARY OF FUND EXPENSES
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following table illustrates all expenses and fees that a shareholder
of the Fund will incur. The expenses and fees set forth in the table are for
the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996.
Shareholder Transaction Expenses
- --------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
Maximum Sales Charge Imposed on Purchases............................................ None
Maximum Sales Charge Imposed on Reinvested Dividends................................. None
Deferred Sales Charge
(as a percentage of the lesser of original purchase price or redemption proceeds) .. 5.0%
</TABLE>
A deferred sales charge is imposed at the following declining rates:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR SINCE PURCHASE PERCENTAGE OF
PAYMENT MADE AMOUNT REDEEMED
- -------------------------- -------------------
<S> <C>
First...................... 5.0%
Second .................... 4.0%
Third...................... 3.0%
Fourth..................... 2.0%
Fifth...................... 2.0%
Sixth ..................... 1.0%
None
Seventh and thereafter ....
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
Redemption Fees..... None
Exchange Fee........ None
</TABLE>
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (as a Percentage of Average Net Assets)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
Management Fees............... 0.51%
12b-1 Fees*................... 0.88%
Other Expenses................ 0.14%
Total Fund Operating Expenses. 1.53%
</TABLE>
- ------------
* A portion of the 12b-1 fee equal to 0.25% of the Fund's average daily
net assets is characterized as a service fee within the meaning of
National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. ("NASD") guidelines
(see "Purchase of Fund Shares").
Long-term shareholders of the Fund may pay more in sales charges and
distribution fees than the economic equivalent of the maximum front-end sales
charges permitted by the NASD.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXAMPLE 1 YEAR 3 YEARS 5 YEARS 10 YEARS
- -------------------------------------------------------------- -------- --------- --------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
You would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment, .
assuming (1) 5% annual return and (2) redemption at the end
of each time period:.......................................... $66 $78 $103 $182
You would pay the following expenses on the same investment,
assuming no redemption:....................................... $16 $48 $ 83 $182
</TABLE>
THE ABOVE EXAMPLE SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF PAST OR
FUTURE EXPENSES OR PERFORMANCE. ACTUAL EXPENSES OF THE FUND MAY BE GREATER OR
LESS THAN THOSE SHOWN.
The purpose of this table is to assist the investor in understanding the
various costs and expenses that an investor in the Fund will bear directly or
indirectly. For a more complete description of these costs and expenses, see
"The Fund and its Management," "Plan of Distribution" and "Redemptions and
Repurchases."
3
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following per share data and ratios for a share of beneficial interest
outstanding throughout each period have been audited by Price Waterhouse LLP,
independent accountants. The financial highlights should be read in
conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto and the
unqualified report of the independent accountants which are contained in the
Statement of Additional Information. Further information about the
performance of the Fund is contained in the Fund's Annual Report to
Shareholders, which may be obtained without charge upon request to the Fund.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994 1993
- ------------------------- --------- -------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE
OPERATING PERFORMANCE:
Net asset value,
beginning of period...... $27.16 $21.21 $23.10 $20.93
--------- -------- --------- ---------
Net investment income
(loss) .................. (0.08) 0.01 -- (0.09)
Net realized and
unrealized gain (loss) .. 2.86 8.87 (1.57) 3.94
--------- -------- --------- ---------
Total from investment
operations .............. 2.78 8.88 (1.57) 3.85
--------- -------- --------- ---------
Less dividends and
distributions from:
Net investment income .. (0.01) -- -- (0.01)
Net realized gain....... (2.92) (2.93) (0.32) (1.67)
Paid-in-capital......... -- -- -- --
--------- -------- --------- ---------
Total dividends and
distributions............ (2.93) (2.93) (0.32) (1.68)
--------- -------- --------- ---------
Net asset value,
end of period............ $27.01 $27.16 $21.21 $23.10
========= ======== ========= =========
TOTAL INVESTMENT RETURN+ 10.53% 42.20% (6.75)% 18.70%
RATIOS TO
AVERAGE NET ASSETS:
Expenses.................. 1.53% 1.61% 1.71% 1.61%
Net investment income
(loss)................... (0.33)% 0.06% 0.01% (0.59)%
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:
Net assets, end of
period, (in millions).... $3,099 $2,389 $1,490 $1,218
Portfolio turnover rate .. 279% 256% 295% 276%
Average commission rate
paid .................... $0.0590 -- -- --
</TABLE>
(RESTUBBED TABLE CONTINUED FROM ABOVE)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987
- ------------------------- -------- -------- --------- -------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE
OPERATING PERFORMANCE:
Net asset value,
beginning of period...... $20.66 $14.39 $14.81 $13.19 $12.21 $12.64
-------- -------- --------- -------- -------- --------
Net investment income
(loss) .................. 0.03 0.05 0.24 0.34 0.29 0.19
Net realized and
unrealized gain (loss) .. 0.71 7.90 (0.38) 2.99 1.03 0.20
-------- -------- --------- -------- -------- --------
Total from investment
operations .............. 0.74 7.95 (0.14) 3.33 1.32 0.39
-------- -------- --------- -------- -------- --------
Less dividends and
distributions from:
Net investment income .. (0.03) (0.03) (0.28) (0.32) (0.33) (0.23)
Net realized gain....... (0.44) (1.65) -- (1.39) -- (0.59)
Paid-in-capital......... -- -- -- -- (0.01) --
-------- -------- --------- -------- -------- --------
Total dividends and
distributions............ (0.47) (1.68) (0.28) (1.71) (0.34) (0.82)
-------- -------- --------- -------- -------- --------
Net asset value,
end of period............ $20.93 $20.66 $14.39 $14.81 $13.19 $12.21
======== ======== ========= ======== ======== ========
TOTAL INVESTMENT RETURN+ 3.84% 56.26% (0.90)% 25.39% 10.84% 2.84%
RATIOS TO
AVERAGE NET ASSETS:
Expenses.................. 1.72% 1.58% 1.70% 1.66% 1.78% 1.62%
Net investment income
(loss)................... 0.18% 0.29% 1.67% 2.23% 2.15% 1.42%
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:
Net assets, end of
period, (in millions).... $ 459 $ 227 $ 89 $ 100 $ 90 $ 109
Portfolio turnover rate .. 305% 264% 234% 196% 133% 203%
Average commission rate
paid .................... -- -- -- -- -- --
</TABLE>
- ------------
+ Does not reflect the deduction of sales charge. Calculated based on the net
asset value as of the last business day of the period.
4
<PAGE>
THE FUND AND ITS MANAGEMENT
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dean Witter American Value Fund (the "Fund") is an open-end diversified
management investment company incorporated in Maryland on December 13, 1979.
The Fund was reorganized as a trust of the type commonly known as a
"Massachusetts business trust" on April 30, 1987, at which time its name was
changed from Dean Witter Industry-Valued Securities Inc. to Dean Witter
American Value Fund.
Dean Witter InterCapital Inc. ("InterCapital" or the "Investment
Manager"), whose address is Two World Trade Center, New York, New York 10048,
is the Fund's Investment Manager. The Investment Manager, which was
incorporated in July, 1992, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Dean Witter,
Discover & Co. ("DWDC") a balanced financial services organization providing
a broad range of nationally marketed credit and investment products.
InterCapital and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Dean Witter Services
Company, Inc. ("DWSC"), serve in various investment management, advisory,
management and administrative capacities to a total of 102 investment
companies, thirty of which are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, with
combined total assets of approximately $89.8 billion as of February 28, 1997.
The Investment Manager also manages portfolios of pension plans, other
institutions and individuals which aggregated approximately $3.2 billion at
such date.
On February 5, 1997, DWDC and Morgan Stanley Group Inc. announced that
they had entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, with the combined
company to be named Morgan Stanley, Dean Witter, Discover & Co. The business
of Morgan Stanley Group Inc. and its affiliated companies is providing a wide
range of financial services for sovereign governments, corporations,
institutions and individuals throughout the world. DWDC is the direct parent
of InterCapital and Dean Witter Distributors Inc., the Fund's distributor. It
is currently anticipated that the transaction will close in mid-1997.
Thereafter, InterCapital and Dean Witter Distributors Inc. will be direct
subsidiaries of Morgan Stanley, Dean Witter, Discover & Co.
The Fund has retained the Investment Manager to provide administrative
services, manage its business affairs and manage the investment of the Fund's
assets, including the placing of orders for the purchase and sale of
portfolio securities. InterCapital has retained DWSC to perform the
aforementioned administrative services for the Fund.
The Fund's Board of Trustees reviews the various services provided by or
under the direction of the Investment Manager to ensure that the Fund's
general investment policies and programs are being properly carried out and
that administrative services are being provided in a satisfactory manner.
As full compensation for the services and facilities furnished to the Fund
and for expenses of the Fund assumed by the Investment Manager, the Fund pays
the Investment Manager monthly compensation calculated daily by applying the
following annual rates to the net assets of the Fund determined as of the
close of each business day: 0.625% of the portion of daily net assets not
exceeding $250 million; 0.50% of the portion of daily net assets exceeding
$250 million but not exceeding $2.5 billion; and 0.475% of the portion of
daily net assets exceeding $2.5 billion. For the fiscal year ended December
31, 1996, the Fund accrued total compensation to the Investment Manager
amounting to 0.51% of the Fund's average daily net assets and the Fund's
total expenses amounted to 1.53% of the Fund's average daily net assets.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
The investment objective of the Fund is long-term capital growth
consistent with an effort to reduce volatility. There is no assurance that
the Fund's objective will be achieved. The investment
5
<PAGE>
objective may not be changed without the approval of the shareholders of the
Fund. The investment policies discussed below may be changed without
shareholder approval.
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in a
diversified portfolio of securities consisting principally of common stocks.
The Fund utilizes an investment process that places primary emphasis on
seeking to identify industries, rather than individual companies, as
prospects for capital appreciation. The Investment Manager seeks to invest
the assets of the Fund in those industries that, at the time of investment,
are attractively valued given their above average relative earnings growth
potential at that time. Therefore, the Fund is typically over-weighted in
those sectors deemed to be attractive given their potential for above average
earnings growth.
After selection of the Fund's target industries, specific company
investments are selected. In this process, the Investment Manager seeks to
identify companies whose prospects are deemed attractive on the basis of an
evaluation of valuation screens and prospective company fundamentals.
The Investment Manager seeks to identify what stage of the business cycle
the economy is in and which industry groups have historically outperformed
the overall market during that stage of the cycle, i.e., typically, groups
that tend to have the highest relative earnings growth at that point in the
cycle. The Investment Manager also analyzes secular trends such as
demographics, international trade, etc., that could cause the current cycle
to differ from prior cycles and attempts to weight the portfolio
appropriately, given those factors.
Following selection of the Fund's specific investments, the Investment
Manager will attempt to allocate the assets of the Fund so as to reduce the
volatility of its portfolio. In doing so, the Fund may hold a portion of its
portfolio in fixed-income securities (including zero coupon securities) in an
effort to moderate extremes of price fluctuations. The Fund may invest up to
35% of its portfolio in common stocks of non-U.S. companies, including
American Depository Receipts (which are custody receipts with respect to
foreign securities), in companies in industries which have not been
determined to be attractively valued or moderately attractively valued by the
Investment Manager, and in convertible debt securities and warrants,
convertible preferred securities, U.S. Government securities (securities
issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the United States or its
agencies and instrumentalities) and investment grade corporate debt
securities when, in the opinion of the Investment Manager, the projected
total return on such securities is equal to or greater than the expected
total return on common stocks, or when such holdings might be expected to
reduce the volatility of the portfolio, and in money market instruments under
any one or more of the following circumstances: (i) pending investment of
proceeds of the sale of Fund shares or of portfolio securities; (ii) pending
settlement of purchases of portfolio securities; or (iii) to maintain
liquidity for the purpose of meeting anticipated redemptions. Greater than
35% of the Fund's total assets may be invested in money market instruments to
maintain, temporarily, a "defensive" posture when, in the opinion of the
Investment Manager, it is advisable to do so because of economic or market
conditions.
Because prices of stocks fluctuate from day to day, the value of an
investment in the Fund will vary based upon the Fund's investment
performance. The Fund is intended for long-term investors who can accept the
risks involved in seeking long-term growth of capital through investment in
the securities of large, medium and small-capitalization companies. Emphasis
on attractive industries may run contrary to general market assessments and
may involve risks associated with departure from typical S&P 500 industry
weightings. It should be recognized that investing in small and
medium-capitalization companies involves greater risk than is customarily
associated with investing in more established companies.
Convertible Securities. A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note,
preferred stock or other security that may be converted into or exchanged for
a prescribed amount of common stock of the
6
<PAGE>
same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified
price or formula. Convertible securities rank senior to common stocks in a
corporation's capital structure and, therefore, entail less risk than the
corporation's common stock. The value of a convertible security is a function
of its "investment value" (its value as if it did not have a conversion
privilege), and its "conversion value" (the security's worth if it were to be
exchanged for the underlying security, at market value, pursuant to its
conversion privilege). For a discussion of the risks of investing in
convertible securities, see "Risk Considerations" below.
The Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery
basis, may purchase or sell securities on a forward commitment basis and may
purchase securities on a "when, as and if issued" basis as discussed under
"Risk Considerations" below.
OPTIONS AND FUTURES TRANSACTIONS
The Fund may purchase and sell (write) call and put options on debt and
equity securities which are listed on Exchanges or are written in
over-the-counter transactions ("OTC Options"). Listed options, which are
currently listed on several different Exchanges, are issued by the Options
Clearing Corporation ("OCC"). Ownership of a listed call option gives the
Fund the right to buy from the OCC the underlying security covered by the
option at the stated exercise price (the price per unit of the underlying
security) by filing an exercise notice prior to the expiration date of the
option. The writer (seller) of the option would then have the obligation to
sell to the OCC the underlying security at that exercise price prior to the
expiration date of the option, regardless of its then current market price.
Ownership of a listed put option would give the Fund the right to sell the
underlying security to the OCC at the stated exercise price. The Fund will
not write covered options on portfolio securities exceeding in the aggregate
25% of the value of its total assets.
OTC Options. OTC options are purchased from or sold (written) to dealers
or financial institutions which have entered into direct agreements with the
Fund. With OTC options, such variables as expiration date, exercise price and
premium will be agreed upon between the Fund and the transacting dealer,
without the intermediation of a third party such as the OCC. The Fund will
engage in OTC option transactions only with primary U.S. Government
securities dealers recognized by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
Covered Call Writing. The Fund is permitted to write covered call options
on portfolio securities in order to aid it in achieving its investment
objective. As a writer of a call option, the Fund has the obligation, upon
notice of exercise of the option, to deliver the security underlying the
option (certain listed and OTC call options written by the Fund will be
exercisable by the purchaser only on a specific date).
Covered Put Writing. As a writer of covered put options, the Fund incurs
an obligation to buy the security underlying the option from the purchaser of
the put at the option's exercise price at any time during the option period.
The Fund will write put options for two purposes: (1) to receive the premiums
paid by purchasers; and (2) when the Investment Manager wishes to purchase
the security underlying the option at a price lower than its current market
price, in which case it will write the covered put at an exercise price
reflecting the lower purchase price sought.
Purchasing Call and Put Options. The Fund may invest up to 10% of its
total assets in the purchase of put and call options on securities and stock
indexes, with a maximum of 5% of the Fund's total assets invested in stock
index options. The Fund may purchase put options on securities which it holds
(or has the right to acquire) in its portfolio only to protect itself against
a decline in the value of the security. The Fund may also purchase put
options to close out written put positions in a manner similar to call option
closing purchase transactions. There are no other limits on the Fund's
ability to purchase call and put options.
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Stock Index Options. The Fund may purchase and write options on stock
indexes for hedging purposes. Options on stock indexes are similar to options
on stock except that, rather than the right to take or make delivery of stock
at a specified price, an option on a stock index gives the holder the right
to receive, upon exercise of the option, an amount of cash if the closing
level of the stock index upon which the option is based is greater than, in
the case of a call, or less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of
the option. See "Risks of Options on Indexes" in the Statement of Additional
Information.
Futures Contracts. The Fund may purchase and sell interest rate and stock
index futures contracts ("futures contracts") that are traded on U.S.
commodity exchanges on such underlying securities as U.S. Treasury bonds,
notes, and bills and GNMA Certificates ("interest rate" futures) and such
indexes as the S&P 500 Index and the New York Stock Exchange Composite Index
("stock index" futures) and the Moody's Investment-Grade Corporate Bond Index
("bond index" futures). As a futures contract purchaser, the Fund incurs an
obligation to take delivery of a specified amount of the obligation
underlying the contract at a specified time in the future for a specified
price. As a seller of a futures contract, the Fund incurs an obligation to
deliver the specified amount of the underlying obligation at a specified time
in return for an agreed upon price. The Fund will purchase or sell interest
rate futures contracts and bond index futures contracts for the purpose of
hedging its fixed-income portfolio securities (or anticipated portfolio
securities) against changes in prevailing interest rates. The Fund will
purchase or sell stock index futures contracts for the purpose of hedging its
equity portfolio securities (or anticipated portfolio securities) against
changes in their prices.
The Fund also may purchase and write call and put options on futures
contracts and enter into closing transactions with respect to such options to
terminate an existing position.
Risks of Options and Futures Transactions. The Fund may close out its
position as writer of an option, or as a buyer or seller of a futures
contract only if a liquid secondary market exists for options or futures
contracts of that series. There is no assurance that such a market will
exist. Also, exchanges may limit the amount by which the price of many
futures contracts may move on any day. If the price moves equal the daily
limit on successive days, then it may prove impossible to liquidate a futures
position until the daily limit moves have ceased.
The extent to which the Fund may enter into transactions involving options
and futures contracts may be limited by the Internal Revenue Code's
requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company and the
Fund's intention to qualify as such. See "Dividends, Distributions and
Taxes."
While the futures contracts and options transactions to be engaged in by
the Fund for the purpose of hedging the Fund's portfolio securities are not
speculative in nature, there are risks inherent in the use of such
instruments. One such risk is that the Investment Manager could be incorrect
in its expectations as to the direction or extent of various interest rate or
price movements or the time span within which the movements take place. For
example, if the Fund sold futures contracts for the sale of securities in
anticipation of an increase in interest rates, and then interest rates went
down, causing bond prices to rise, the Fund would incur a loss on the sale.
Another risk which may arise in employing futures contracts to protect
against the price volatility of portfolio securities is that the prices of
securities and indexes subject to futures contracts (and thereby the futures
contract prices) may correlate imperfectly with the behavior of the cash
prices of the Fund's portfolio securities. See the Statement of Additional
Information for a further discussion of risks.
New futures contracts, options and other financial products and various
combinations thereof continue to be developed. The Fund may invest in any
such futures, options or products as may be developed, to the extent
consistent with its investment objective and applicable regulatory
requirements.
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Investment in Real Estate Investment Trusts. The Fund may invest in real
estate investment trusts, which pool investors' funds for investments
primarily in commercial real estate properties. Investment in real estate
investment trusts may be the most practical available means for the Fund to
invest in the real estate industry (the Fund is prohibited from investing in
real estate directly). As a shareholder in a real estate investment trust,
the Fund would bear its ratable share of the real estate investment trust's
expenses, including its advisory and administration fees. At the same time
the Fund would continue to pay its own investment management fees and other
expenses, as a result of which the Fund and its shareholders in effect will
be absorbing duplicate levels of fees with respect to investments in real
estate investment trusts.
Repurchase Agreements. The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements,
which may be viewed as a type of secured lending by the Fund, and which
typically involve the acquisition by the Fund of debt securities from a
selling financial institution such as a bank, savings and loan association or
broker-dealer. The agreement provides that the Fund will sell back to the
institution, and that the institution will repurchase the underlying security
at a specified price and at a fixed time in the future, usually not more than
seven days from the date of purchase. While repurchase agreements involve
certain risks not associated with direct investments in debt securities,
including the risks of default or bankruptcy of the selling financial
institution, the Fund follows procedures designed to minimize those risks.
These procedures include effecting repurchase transactions only with large,
well-capitalized and well-established financial institutions whose financial
condition will be continually monitored by the Investment Manager subject to
procedures established by the Board of Trustees of the Fund.
Private Placements. The Fund may invest up to 5% of its total assets in
securities which are subject to restrictions on resale because they have not
been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities
Act"), or which are otherwise not readily marketable. (Securities eligible
for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and determined to
be liquid pursuant to the procedures discussed in the following paragraph,
are not subject to the foregoing restriction.) These securities are generally
referred to as private placements or restricted securities. Limitations on
the resale of such securities may have an adverse effect on their
marketability, and may prevent the Fund from disposing of them promptly at
reasonable prices. The Fund may have to bear the expense of registering such
securities for resale and the risk of substantial delays in effecting such
registration.
Rule 144A under the Securities Act permits the Fund to sell restricted
securities to qualified institutional buyers without limitation. The
Investment Manager, pursuant to procedures adopted by the Trustees of the
Fund, will make a determination as to the liquidity of each restricted
security purchased by the Fund. If a restricted security is determined to be
"liquid," such security will not be included within the category "illiquid
securities," which under current policy may not exceed 15% of the Fund's net
assets. However, investing in Rule 144A securities could have the effect of
increasing the level of Fund illiquidity to the extent the Fund, at a
particular point in time, may be unable to find qualified institutional
buyers interested in purchasing such securities.
Foreign Securities. The Fund may invest up to 35% of the value of its
total assets, at the time of purchase, in securities issued by foreign
issuers. Foreign securities investments may be affected by changes in
currency rates or exchange control regulations, changes in governmental
administration or economic or monetary policy (in the United States and
abroad) or changed circumstances in dealings between nations. Costs may be
incurred in connection with conversions between various currencies held by
the Fund. For a discussion of the risks of investing in foreign securities,
see "Risk Considerations" below.
SPECIFIC INVESTMENT POLICIES
The Fund has adopted the following specific policies which are not
fundamental investment policies and may be changed by the Board of Trustees.
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1. At least 65% of the Fund's total assets will be invested in common
stocks of U.S. companies which, at the time of purchase, were in undervalued
or moderately valued industries as determined by the Investment Manager,
except as stated in Paragraph (3) below.
2. Up to 35% of the value of the Fund's total assets may be invested in:
(a) common stocks of non-U.S. companies, or companies in non-classified
industries, including American Depository Receipts (which are custody
receipts with respect to foreign securities) (the Fund's investments in
unlisted foreign securities are deemed to be illiquid securities, which under
the Fund's current investment policies may not in the aggregate amount to
more than 15% of the Fund's net assets); (b) convertible debt securities
(bonds, debentures, corporate notes, preferred stock and other securities)
which are convertible into common stock; (c) U.S. Government securities and
investment grade corporate debt securities when, in the opinion of the
Investment Manager, the projected total return on such securities is equal to
or greater than the expected total return on equity securities, or when such
holdings might be expected to reduce the volatility of the portfolio; and (d)
money market instruments under any one or more of the following
circumstances: (i) pending investment of proceeds of sale of shares of the
Fund or of portfolio securities; (ii) pending settlement of purchases of
portfolio securities; or (iii) to maintain liquidity for the purpose of
meeting anticipated redemptions.
3. Notwithstanding any of the foregoing limitations, the Fund may invest
more than 35% of the Fund's total assets in money market instruments to
maintain, temporarily, a "defensive" posture when, in the opinion of the
Investment Manager, it is advisable to do so because of economic or market
conditions, including, for example, times during which the Investment Manager
believes the risk, or volatility, relative to expected returns of the
securities it monitors, is excessive.
The foregoing limitations apply at the time of acquisition based on the
last determined market value of the Fund's assets, and any subsequent change
in any applicable percentage resulting from market fluctuations or other
changes in total assets will not require elimination of any security from the
portfolio.
RISK CONSIDERATIONS
The net asset value of the Fund's shares will fluctuate with changes in
the market value of its portfolio securities. The market value of the Fund's
portfolio securities will increase or decrease due to a variety of economic,
market or political factors which cannot be predicted. The Fund is intended
for long-term investors who can accept the risks involved in seeking
long-term growth of capital through investment primarily in the securities of
small and medium-sized growth companies. It should be recognized that
investing in such companies involves greater risk than is customarily
associated with investing in more established companies.
Foreign Securities. Foreign securities investments may be affected by
changes in currency rates or exchange control regulations, changes in
governmental administration or economic or monetary policy (in the United
States and abroad) or changed circumstances in dealings between nations.
Fluctuations in the relative rates of exchange between the currencies of
different nations will affect the value of the Fund's investments denominated
in foreign currency. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates relative to
the U.S. dollar will affect the U.S. dollar value of the Fund's assets
denominated in that currency and thereby impact upon the Fund's total return
on such assets.
Foreign currency exchange rates are determined by forces of supply and
demand on the foreign exchange markets. These forces are themselves affected
by the international balance of payments and other economic and financial
conditions, government intervention, speculation and other factors. Moreover,
foreign currency exchange rates may be affected by the regulatory control of
the exchanges on which the currencies trade. The Fund will incur costs in
connection with conversions between various currencies.
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<PAGE>
Investments in foreign securities will also occasion risks relating to
political and economic developments abroad, including the possibility of
expropriations or confiscatory taxation, limitations on the use or transfer
of Fund assets and any effects of foreign social, economic or political
instability. Foreign companies are not subject to the regulatory requirements
of U.S. companies and, as such, there may be less publicly available
information about such companies. Moreover, foreign companies are not subject
to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and
requirements comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies. Finally, in
the event of a default of any foreign debt obligations, it may be more
difficult for the Fund to obtain or enforce a judgment against the issuers of
such securities.
Securities of foreign issuers may be less liquid than comparable
securities of U.S. issuers and, as such, their price changes may be more
volatile. Furthermore, foreign exchanges and broker-dealers are generally
subject to less government and exchange scrutiny and regulation than their
American counterparts. Brokerage commissions, dealer concessions and other
transaction costs may be higher on foreign markets than in the U.S. In
addition, differences in clearance and settlement procedures on foreign
markets may occasion delays in settlements of the Fund's trades effected in
such markets. As such, the inability to dispose of portfolio securities due
to settlement delays could result in losses to the Fund due to subsequent
declines in value of such securities and the inability of the Fund to make
intended security purchases due to settlement problems could result in a
failure of the Fund to make potentially advantageous investments. Investments
in certain issuers may be speculative due to certain political risks and may
be subject to substantial price fluctuations.
Convertible Securities. To the extent that a convertible security's
investment value is greater than its conversion value, its price will be
primarily a reflection of such investment value and its price will be likely
to increase when interest rates fall and decrease when interest rates rise,
as with a fixed-income security (the credit standing of the issuer and other
factors may also have an effect on the convertible security's value). If the
conversion value exceeds the investment value, the price of the convertible
security will rise above its investment value and, in addition, the
convertible security will sell at some premium over its conversion value.
(This premium represents the price investors are willing to pay for the
privilege of purchasing a fixed-income security with a possibility of capital
appreciation due to the conversion privilege.) At such times the price of the
convertible security will tend to fluctuate directly with the price of the
underlying equity security.
Zero Coupon Securities. A portion of the fixed-income securities purchased
by the Fund may be zero coupon securities. Such securities are purchased at a
discount from their face amount, giving the purchaser the right to receive
their full value at maturity. The interest earned on such securities is,
implicitly, automatically compounded and paid out at maturity. While such
compounding at a constant rate eliminates the risk of receiving lower yields
upon reinvestment of interest if prevailing interest rates decline, the owner
of a zero coupon security will be unable to participate in higher yields upon
reinvestment of interest received on interest-paying securities if prevailing
interest rates rise.
A zero coupon security pays no interest to its holder during its life.
Therefore, to the extent the Fund invests in zero coupon securities, it will
not receive current cash available for distribution to shareholders. In
addition, zero coupon securities are subject to substantially greater price
fluctuations during periods of changing prevailing interest rates than are
comparable securities which pay interest on a current basis. Current federal
tax law requires that a holder (such as the Fund) of a zero coupon security
accrue a portion of the discount at which the security was purchased as
income each year even though the Fund receives no interest payments in cash
on the security during the year.
When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward Commitments. From
time to time, in
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the ordinary course of business, the Fund may purchase securities on a
when-issued or delayed delivery basis or may purchase or sell securities on a
forward commitment basis. When such transactions are negotiated, the price is
fixed at the time of the commitment, but delivery and payment can take place
a month or more after the date of the commitment. There is no overall limit
on the percentage of the Fund's assets which may be committed to the purchase
of securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis.
An increase in the percentage of the Fund's assets committed to the purchase
of securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis
may increase the volatility of the Fund's net asset value.
When, As and If Issued Securities. The Fund may purchase securities on a
"when, as and if issued" basis under which the issuance of the security
depends upon the occurrence of a subsequent event, such as approval of a
merger, corporate reorganization, leveraged buyout or debt restructuring. If
the anticipated event does not occur and the securities are not issued, the
Fund will have lost an investment opportunity. There is no overall limit on
the percentage of the Fund's assets which may be committed to the purchase of
securities on a "when, as and if issued" basis. An increase in the percentage
of the Fund's assets committed to the purchase of securities on a "when, as
and if issued" basis may increase the volatility of the Fund's net asset
value.
PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
The Fund's portfolio is actively managed by its Investment Manager with a
view to achieving the Fund's investment objective. In determining which
securities to purchase for the Fund or hold in the Fund's portfolio, the
Investment Manager will rely on information from various sources, including
research, analysis and appraisals of brokers and dealers, including Dean
Witter Reynolds Inc. ("DWR"), a broker-dealer affiliate of InterCapital, the
views of Trustees of the Fund and others regarding economic developments and
interest rate trends, and the Investment Manager's own analysis of factors it
deems relevant. No particular emphasis is given to investments in securities
for the purpose of earning current income. The Fund's portfolio is managed
within InterCapital's Growth and Income Group, which manages 28 equity funds
and fund portfolios with approximately $11 billion in assets as of February
28, 1997. Anita H. Kolleeny, Senior Vice President of InterCapital and a
member of InterCapital's Growth and Income Group, has been the primary
portfolio manager of the Fund and a portfolio manager at InterCapital for
over five years.
Although the Fund does not engage in substantial short-term trading as a
means of achieving its investment objective, it may sell portfolio securities
without regard to the length of time they have been held, in accordance with
the investment policies described earlier. It is anticipated that, under
normal circumstances, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate will not exceed 400%
in any one year. The Fund will incur brokerage costs commensurate with its
portfolio turnover rate. Short term gains and losses may result from such
portfolio transactions. See "Dividends, Distributions and Taxes" for a
discussion of the tax implications of the Fund's trading policy. A more
extensive discussion of the Fund's portfolio brokerage policies is set forth
in the Statement of Additional Information.
Pursuant to an order of the Securities and Exchange Commission the Fund
may effect principal transactions in certain money market instruments with
DWR. In addition, the Fund may incur brokerage commissions on transactions
conducted through DWR.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
The investment restrictions listed below are among the restrictions which
have been adopted by the Fund as fundamental policies. Under the Investment
Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "Act"), a fundamental policy may not be
changed without the vote of a majority of the outstanding
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voting securities of the Fund, as defined in the Act. For purposes of the
following limitations: (i) all percentage limitations apply immediately after
a purchase or initial investment; and (ii) any subsequent change in any
applicable percentage resulting from market fluctuations or other changes in
total or net assets does not require elimination of any security from the
portfolio.
The Fund may not:
1. Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in the securities
of any one issuer (other than obligations issued, or guaranteed by, the
United States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities).
2. Purchase more than 10% of all outstanding voting securities or any
class of securities of any one issuer.
3. Invest more than 25% of the value of its total assets in securities of
issuers in any one industry. This restriction does not apply to obligations
issued or guaranteed by the United States Government or its agencies or
instrumentalities or to cash equivalents.
4. Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in securities of
issuers having a record, together with predecessors, of less than three years
of continuous operation. This restriction shall not apply to any obligation
of the United States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities.
PURCHASE OF FUND SHARES
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Fund offers its shares for sale to the public on a continuous basis.
Pursuant to a Distribution Agreement between the Fund and Dean Witter
Distributors Inc. (the "Distributor"), an affiliate of the Investment
Manager, shares of the Fund are distributed by the Distributor and offered by
DWR and other brokers and dealers which have entered into agreements with the
Distributor ("Selected Broker-Dealers"). The principal executive office of
the Distributor is located at Two World Trade Center, New York, New York
10048.
The minimum initial purchase is $1,000. Subsequent purchases of $100 or
more may be made by sending a check, payable to Dean Witter American Value
Fund, directly to Dean Witter Trust Company (the "Transfer Agent") at P.O.
Box 1040, Jersey City, NJ 07303 or by contacting a DWR or other Selected
Broker-Dealer account executive. The minimum initial purchase in the case of
investments through EasyInvest, an automatic purchase plan (see "Shareholder
Services"), is $100, provided that the schedule of automatic investments will
result in investments totalling at least $1,000 within the first twelve
months. In the case of investments pursuant to Systematic Payroll Deduction
Plans (including Individual Retirement Plans), the Fund, in its discretion,
may accept investments without regard to any minimum amounts which would
otherwise be required, if the Fund has reason to believe that additional
investments will increase the investment in each account under such Plans to
at least $1,000. Certificates for shares purchased will not be issued unless
requested by the shareholder in writing to the Transfer Agent.
Shares of the Fund are sold through the Distributor on a normal three
business day settlement basis; that is, payment is due on the third business
day (settlement date) after the order is placed with the Distributor. Since
DWR and other Selected Broker-Dealers forward investors' funds on settlement
date, they will benefit from the temporary use of the funds if payment is
made prior thereto. As noted above, orders placed directly with the Transfer
Agent must be accompanied by payment. Investors will be entitled to receive
income dividends and capital gains distributions if their order is received
by the close of business on the day prior to the record date for such
distributions. The offering price will be the net asset value per share next
determined following receipt of an order (see "Determination of Net Asset
Value" below).
While no sales charge is imposed at the time shares are purchased, a
contingent deferred sales
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<PAGE>
charge may be imposed at the time of redemption (see "Redemptions and
Repurchases"). Sales personnel are compensated for selling shares of the Fund
at the time of their sale by the Distributor and/or Selected Broker-Dealer.
In addition, some sales personnel of the Selected Broker-Dealer will receive
various types of non-cash compensation as special sales incentives, including
trips, educational and/or business seminars and merchandise. The Fund and the
Distributor reserve the right to reject any purchase orders.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
The Fund has adopted a Plan of Distribution, pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under
the Act (the "Plan"), under which the Fund will pay the Distributor a fee,
which is accrued daily and payable monthly, at an annual rate of 1.0% of the
lesser of: (a) the average daily aggregate gross sales of the Fund's shares
since the inception of the Fund's original plan of distribution on April 30,
1984 (not including reinvestments of dividends or capital gains
distributions), less the average daily aggregate net asset value of the
Fund's shares redeemed since that plan's inception upon which a contingent
deferred sales charge has been imposed or waived, or (b) the average daily
net assets of the Fund attributable to shares issued, net of related shares
redeemed, since inception of the Fund's original plan of distribution. This
fee is treated by the Fund as an expense in the year it is accrued. Of the
amount accrued under the Plan, 0.25% of the Fund's average daily net assets
is characterized as a service fee within the meaning of the NASD guidelines.
The service fee is a payment made for personal service and/or the maintenance
of Shareholder accounts.
Amounts paid under the Plan are paid to the Distributor to compensate it
for the services provided and the expenses borne by the Distributor and
others in the distribution of the Fund's shares, including the payment of
commissions for sales of the Fund's shares and incentive compensation to and
expenses of DWR's account executives and others who engage in or support
distribution of shares or who service shareholder accounts, including
overhead and telephone expenses; printing and distribution of prospectuses
and reports used in connection with the offering of the Fund's shares to
other than current shareholders; and preparation, printing and distribution
of sales literature and advertising materials. In addition, the Distributor
may utilize fees paid pursuant to the Plan to compensate DWR and other
Selected Broker-Dealers for their opportunity costs in advancing such
amounts, which compensation would be in the form of a carrying charge on any
unreimbursed distribution expenses incurred.
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996, the Fund accrued payments
under the Plan amounting to $24,339,469, which amount is equal to 0.88% of
the Fund's average daily net assets for the fiscal year. The payments accrued
under the Plan were calculated pursuant to clause (a) of the compensation
formula under the Plan.
At any given time, the Distributor may incur expenses in distributing
shares of the Fund which may be in excess of the total of (i) the payments
made by the Fund pursuant to the Plan and the Fund's original plan of
distribution, and (ii) the proceeds of contingent deferred sales charges paid
by investors upon the redemption of shares (see "Redemptions and
Repurchases--Contingent Deferred Sales Charge"). For example, if the
Distributor incurred $1 million in expenses in distributing shares of the
Fund and $750,000 had been received by the Distributor as described in (i)
and (ii) above, the excess expense would amount to $250,000. The Distributor
has advised the Fund that such excess amounts, including the carrying charge
described above, totalled $71,290,842 at December 31, 1996, which was equal
to 2.30% of the Fund's net assets on such date.
Because there is no requirement under the Plan that the Distributor be
reimbursed for all its expenses or any requirement that the Plan be continued
from year to year, this excess amount does not constitute a liability of the
Fund. Although there is no legal obligation for the Fund to pay expenses
incurred by the Distributor in excess of
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payments made to the Distributor under the Plan and the proceeds of
contingent deferred sales charges paid by investors upon redemption of
shares, if for any reason the Plan is terminated the Trustees will consider
at that time the manner in which to treat such expenses. Any cumulative
expenses incurred, but not yet recovered through distribution fees or
contingent deferred sales charges, may or may not be recovered through future
distribution fees or contingent deferred sales charges.
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value per share of the Fund is determined once daily at 4:00
p.m., New York time (or, on days when the New York Stock Exchange closes
prior to 4:00 p.m., at such earlier time), by taking the value of all assets
of the Fund, subtracting all its liabilities, dividing by the number of
shares outstanding and adjusting to the nearest cent. The net asset value per
share will not be determined on Good Friday and on such other federal and
non-federal holidays as are observed by the New York Stock Exchange.
In the calculation of the Fund's net asset value: (1) an equity portfolio
security listed or traded on the New York or American Stock Exchange or other
stock exchange is valued at its latest sale price on that exchange, prior to
the time when assets are valued; if there were no sales that day, the
security is valued at the latest bid price (in cases where a security is
traded on more than one exchange, the security is valued on the exchange
designated as the primary market pursuant to procedures adopted by the
Trustees); and (2) all other portfolio securities for which over-the-counter
market quotations are readily available are valued at the latest bid price.
When market quotations are not readily available, including circumstances
under which it is determined by the Investment Manager that sale or bid
prices are not reflective of a security's market value, portfolio securities
are valued at their fair value as determined in good faith under procedures
established by and under the general supervision of the Fund's Trustees. For
valuation purposes, quotations of foreign portfolio securities, other assets
and liabilities and forward contracts stated in foreign currency are
translated into U.S. dollar equivalents at the prevailing market rates prior
to the close of the New York Stock Exchange. Dividends receivable are accrued
as of the ex-dividend date or as of the time that the relevant ex-dividend
date and amounts become known.
Short-term debt securities with remaining maturities of sixty days or less
at the time of purchase are valued at amortized cost, unless the Trustees
determine such does not reflect the securities' market value, in which case
these securities will be valued at their fair value as determined by the
Trustees.
Certain securities in the Fund's portfolio may be valued by an outside
pricing service approved by the Fund's Trustees. The pricing service utilizes
a matrix system incorporating security quality, maturity and coupon as the
evaluation model parameters, and/or research evaluations by its staff,
including review of broker-dealer market price quotations, in determining
what it believes is the fair valuation of the portfolio securities valued by
such pricing service.
SHAREHOLDER SERVICES
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Automatic Investment of Dividends and Distributions. All income dividends
and capital gains distributions are automatically paid in full and fractional
shares of the Fund (or, if specified by the shareholder, any other open-end
investment company for which InterCapital serves as investment manager
(collectively, with the Fund, the "Dean Witter Funds")), unless the
shareholder requests that they be paid in cash. Shares so acquired are not
subject to the imposition of a contingent deferred sales charge upon their
redemption (see "Redemptions and Repurchases").
Investment of Dividends or Distributions Received in Cash. Any shareholder
who receives a cash payment representing a dividend or capital gains
distribution may invest such dividend or distribution at the net asset value
next determined after
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receipt by the Transfer Agent, by returning the check or the proceeds to the
Transfer Agent within thirty days after the payment date. Shares so acquired
are not subject to the imposition of a contingent deferred sales charge upon
their redemption (see "Redemptions and Repurchases").
EasyInvest. (Service Mark) Shareholders may subscribe to EasyInvest, an
automatic purchase plan which provides for any amount from $100 to $5,000 to
be transferred automatically from a checking or savings account, on a
semi-monthly, monthly or quarterly basis, to the Transfer Agent for
investment in shares of the Fund. (see "Purchase of Fund Shares" and
"Redemptions and Repurchases--Involuntary Redemption").
Systematic Withdrawal Plan. A systematic withdrawal plan (the "Withdrawal
Plan") is available for shareholders who own or purchase shares of the Fund
having a minimum value of $10,000 based upon the then current net asset
value. The Withdrawal Plan provides for monthly or quarterly (March, June,
September and December) checks in any amount, not less than $25, or in any
whole percentage of the account balance, on an annualized basis. Any
applicable contingent deferred sales charge will be imposed on shares
redeemed under the Withdrawal Plan (See "Redemptions and
Repurchases--Contingent Deferred Sales Charge"). Therefore, any shareholder
participating in the Withdrawal Plan will have sufficient shares redeemed
from his or her account so that the proceeds (net of any applicable
contingent deferred sales charge) to the shareholder will be the designated
monthly or quarterly amount.
Tax-Sheltered Retirement Plans. Retirement plans are available for use by
corporations, the self-employed, Individual Retirement Accounts and Custodial
Accounts under Section 403(b)(7) of the Internal Revenue Code. Adoption of
such plans should be on advice of legal counsel or tax adviser.
Shareholders should contact their DWR or other Selected Broker-Dealer
account executive or the Transfer Agent for further information about any of
the above services.
EXCHANGE PRIVILEGE
The Fund makes available to its shareholders an "Exchange Privilege"
allowing the exchange of shares of the Fund for shares of other Dean Witter
Funds sold with a contingent deferred sales charge ("CDSC funds"), and for
shares of Dean Witter Short-Term U.S. Treasury Trust, Dean Witter Limited
Term Municipal Trust, Dean Witter Short-Term Bond Fund, Dean Witter Balanced
Growth Fund, Dean Witter Balanced Income Fund, Dean Witter Intermediate Term
U.S. Treasury Trust and five Dean Witter Funds which are money market funds
(the foregoing eleven non-CDSC funds are hereinafter collectively referred to
in this section as the "Exchange Funds.") Exchanges may be made after the
shares of the Fund acquired by purchase (not by exchange or dividend
reinvestment) have been held for thirty days. There is no waiting period for
exchanges of shares acquired by exchange or dividend reinvestment.
An exchange to another CDSC fund or any Exchange Fund that is not a money
market fund is on the basis of the next calculated net asset value per share
of each fund after the exchange order is received. When exchanging into a
money market fund from the Fund, shares of the Fund are redeemed out of the
Fund at their next calculated net asset value and the proceeds of the
redemption are used to purchase shares of the money market fund at their net
asset value determined the following business day. Subsequent exchanges
between any of the money market funds and any of the CDSC funds can be
effected on the same basis. No contingent deferred sales charge ("CDSC") is
imposed at the time of any exchange, although any applicable CDSC will be
imposed upon ultimate redemption. Shares of the Fund acquired in exchange for
shares of another CDSC fund having a different CDSC schedule than that of
this Fund will be subject to the CDSC schedule of this Fund, even if such
shares are subsequently re-exchanged for shares of the CDSC fund originally
purchased. During the period of time the shareholder remains invested in
shares of an Exchange Fund (calculated from the last day of the month in
which the shares
16
<PAGE>
were acquired) the holding period (for the purpose of determining the rate of
the contingent deferred sales charge) is frozen. If those shares are
subsequently reexchanged for shares of a CDSC fund, the holding period
previously frozen when the first exchange was made resumes on the last day of
the month in which shares of a CDSC fund are reacquired. Thus, the CDSC is
based upon the time (calculated as described above) the shareholder was
invested in shares of a CDSC fund (see "Redemptions and
Repurchases--Contingent Deferred Sales Charge"). However, in the case of
shares exchanged for shares of an Exchange Fund on or after April 23, 1990,
upon a redemption of shares which results in a CDSC being imposed, a credit
(not to exceed the amount of the CDSC) will be given in an amount equal to
the Exchange Fund 12b-1 distribution fees, if any, incurred on or after that
date which are attributable to those shares. (Exchange Fund 12b-1
distribution fees are described in the prospectuses for those funds.)
In addition, shares of the Fund may be acquired in exchange for shares of
Dean Witter Funds sold with a front-end sales charge ("front-end sales charge
funds"), but shares of the Fund, however acquired, may not be exchanged for
shares of front-end sales charge funds. Shares of a CDSC fund acquired in
exchange for shares of a front-end sales charge fund (or in exchange for
shares of other Dean Witter Funds for which shares of a front-end sales
charge fund have been exchanged) are not subject to any CDSC upon their
redemption.
Purchases and exchanges should be made for investment purposes only. A
pattern of frequent exchanges may be deemed by the Investment Manager to be
abusive and contrary to the best interests of the Fund's other shareholders
and, at the Investment Manager's discretion, may be limited by the Fund's
refusal to accept additional purchases and/or exchanges from the investor.
Although the Fund does not have any specific definition of what constitutes a
pattern of frequent exchanges, and will consider all relevant factors in
determining whether a particular situation is abusive and contrary to the
best interests of the Fund and its other shareholders, investors should be
aware that the Fund and each of the other Dean Witter Funds may in their
discretion limit or otherwise restrict the number of times this Exchange
Privilege may be exercised by any investor. Any such restriction will be made
by the Fund on a prospective basis only, upon notice to the shareholder not
later than ten days following such shareholder's most recent exchange.
The Exchange Privilege may be terminated or revised at any time by the
Fund and/or any of such Dean Witter Funds for which shares of the Fund have
been exchanged, upon such notice as may be required by applicable regulatory
agencies (presently sixty days' prior written notice for termination or
material revision), provided that six months' prior written notice of
termination will be given to shareholders who hold shares of an Exchange Fund
pursuant to the Exchange Privilege, and provided further that the Exchange
Privilege may be terminated or materially revised without notice under
certain unusual circumstances. Shareholders maintaining margin accounts with
DWR or another Selected Dealer are referred to their account executive
regarding restrictions on exchange of shares of the Fund pledged in the
margin account.
The current prospectus for each fund describes its investment objective(s)
and policies, and shareholders should obtain a copy and examine it carefully
before investing. Exchanges are subject to the minimum investment requirement
and any other conditions imposed by each fund. An exchange will be treated
for federal income tax purposes the same as a repurchase or redemption of
shares, on which the shareholder may realize a capital gain or loss. However,
the ability to deduct capital losses on an exchange may be limited in
situations where there is an exchange of shares within ninety days after the
shares are purchased. The Exchange Privilege is only available in states
where an exchange may legally be made.
If DWR or another Selected Broker-Dealer is the current dealer of record
and its account numbers are part of the account information, shareholders may
initiate an exchange of shares of the Fund for
17
<PAGE>
shares of any of the Dean Witter Funds (for which the Exchange Privilege is
available) pursuant to this Exchange Privilege by contacting their DWR or
other Selected Broker-Dealer account executive (no Exchange Privilege
Authorization Form is required). Other shareholders (and those shareholders
who are clients of DWR or another Selected Broker-Dealer but who wish to make
exchanges directly by telephoning the Transfer Agent) must complete and
forward to the Transfer Agent an Exchange Privilege Authorization Form,
copies of which may be obtained from the Transfer Agent, to initiate an
exchange. If the Authorization Form is used, exchanges may be made in writing
or by contacting the Transfer Agent at (800) 869-NEWS (toll-free).
The Fund will employ reasonable procedures to confirm that exchange
instructions communicated over the telephone are genuine. Such procedures may
include requiring various forms of personal identification such as name,
mailing address, social security or other tax identification number and DWR
or other Selected Broker-Dealer account number (if any). Telephone
instructions may also be recorded. If such procedures are not employed, the
Fund may be liable for any losses due to unauthorized or fraudulent
instructions.
Telephone exchange instructions will be accepted if received by the
Transfer Agent between 9:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. New York time, on any day the
New York Stock Exchange is open. Any shareholder wishing to make an exchange
who has previously filed an Exchange Privilege Authorization Form and who is
unable to reach the Fund by telephone should contact his or her DWR or other
Selected Broker-Dealer account executive, if appropriate, or make a written
exchange request. Shareholders are advised that during periods of drastic
economic or market changes, it is possible that the telephone exchange
procedures may be difficult to implement, although this has not been the case
with the Dean Witter Funds in the past.
For further information regarding the Exchange Privilege, shareholders
should contact their DWR or other Selected Broker-Dealer account executive or
the Transfer Agent.
REDEMPTIONS AND REPURCHASES
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Redemption. Shares of the Fund can be redeemed for cash at any time at the
net asset value per share next determined; however, such redemption proceeds
may be reduced by the amount of any applicable contingent deferred sales
charges (see below). If shares are held in a shareholder's account without a
share certificate, a written request for redemption sent to the Fund's
Transfer Agent at P.O. Box 983, Jersey City, NJ 07303 is required. If
certificates are held by the shareholder, the shares may be redeemed by
surrendering the certificates with a written request for redemption, along
with any additional documentation required by the Transfer Agent.
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge. Shares of the Fund which are held for
six years or more after purchase (calculated from the last day of the month
in which the shares were purchased) will not be subject to any charge upon
redemption. Shares redeemed sooner than six years after purchase may,
however, be subject to a charge upon redemption. This charge is called a
"contingent deferred sales charge" ("CDSC"), and it will be a percentage of
the dollar amount of shares redeemed and will be assessed on an amount equal
to the lesser of the current market value or the cost of the shares being
redeemed. The size of this percentage will depend upon how long the shares
have been held, as set forth in the table below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CONTINGENT DEFERRED
YEAR SINCE SALES CHARGE
PURCHASE AS A PERCENTAGE OF
PAYMENT MADE AMOUNT REDEEMED
- -------------------------- -----------------------
<S> <C>
First...................... 5.0%
Second..................... 4.0%
Third...................... 3.0%
Fourth..................... 2.0%
Fifth...................... 2.0%
Sixth...................... 1.0%
Seventh and thereafter .... None
</TABLE>
18
<PAGE>
A CDSC will not be imposed on: (i) any amount which represents an increase
in value of shares purchased within the six years preceding the redemption;
(ii) the current net asset value of shares purchased more than six years
prior to the redemption; and (iii) the current net asset asset value of
shares purchased through reinvestment of dividends or distributions and/or
shares acquired in exchange for shares of Dean Witter Funds sold with a
front-end sales charge or of other Dean Witter Funds acquired in exchange for
such shares. Moreover, in determining whether a CDSC is applicable it will be
assumed that amounts described in (i), (ii) and (iii) above (in that order)
are redeemed first. In addition, no CDSC will be imposed on redemptions of
shares which were purchased by the employee benefit plans established by DWR
and SPS Transaction Services, Inc. (an affiliate of DWR) for their employees
as qualified under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code.
In addition, the CDSC, if otherwise applicable, will be waived in the case
of:
(1) redemptions of shares held at the time a shareholder dies or becomes
disabled, only if the shares are: (A) registered either in the name of an
individual shareholder (not a trust), or in the names of such shareholder and
his or her spouse as joint tenants with right of survivorship; or (B) held in
a qualified corporate or self-employed retirement plan, Individual Retirement
Account ("IRA") or Custodial Account under Section 403(b)(7) of the Internal
Revenue Code ("403(b) Custodial Account"), provided in either case that the
redemption is requested within one year of the death or initial determination
of disability;
(2) redemptions in connection with the following retirement plan
distributions: (A) lump-sum or other distributions from a qualified corporate
or self-employed retirement plan following retirement (or, in the case of a
"key employee" of a "top heavy" plan, following attainment of age 59 1/2);
(B) distributions from an IRA or 403(b) Custodial Account following
attainment of age 59 1/2; or (C) a tax-free return of an excess contribution
to an IRA; and
(3) all redemptions of shares held for the benefit of a participant in a
corporate or self-employed retirement plan qualified under Section 401(k) of
the Internal Revenue Code which offers investment companies managed by the
Investment Manager or its subsidiary, Dean Witter Services Company Inc., as
self-directed investment alternatives and for which Dean Witter Trust Company
or Dean Witter Trust FSB, each of which is an affiliate of the Investment
Manager, serves as Trustee or the 401(k) Support Services Group of DWR serves
as recordkeeper, ("Eligible 401(k) Plan"), provided that either: (A) the plan
continues to be an Eligible 401(k) Plan after the redemption; or (B) the
redemption is in connection with the complete termination of the plan
involving the distribution of all plan assets to participants.
With reference to (1) above, for the purpose of determining disability,
the Distributor utilizes the definition of disability contained in Section
72(m)(7) of the Internal Revenue Code, which relates to the inability to
engage in gainful employment. With reference to (2) above, the term
"distribution" does not encompass a direct transfer of IRA, 403(b) Custodial
Account or retirement plan assets to a successor custodian or trustee. All
waivers will be granted only following receipt by the Distributor of
confirmation of the shareholder's entitlement.
Repurchase. DWR and other Selected Broker-Dealers are authorized to
repurchase shares represented by a share certificate which is delivered to
any of their offices. Shares held in a shareholder's account without a share
certificate may also be repurchased by DWR and other Selected Broker-Dealers
upon the telephonic request of the shareholder. The repurchase price is the
net asset value per share next determined (see "Purchase of Fund Shares")
after such purchase order is received by DWR or other Selected Broker-Dealer,
reduced by any applicable CDSC.
The CDSC, if any, will be the only fee imposed upon repurchase by the
Fund, the Distributor, DWR or other Selected Broker-Dealer. The offer by DWR
and other Selected Broker-Dealers to repurchase shares may be suspended
without notice by them at
19
<PAGE>
any time. In that event, shareholders may redeem their shares through the
Fund's Transfer Agent as set forth above under "Redemption."
Payment for Shares Redeemed or Repurchased. Payment for shares presented
for repurchase or redemption will be made by check within seven days after
receipt by the Transfer Agent of the certificate and/or written request in
good order. Such payment may be postponed or the right of redemption
suspended under unusual circumstances. If the shares to be redeemed have
recently been purchased by check, payment of the redemption proceeds may be
delayed for the minimum time needed to verify that the check used for
investment has been honored (not more than fifteen days from the time of
receipt of the check by the Transfer Agent.) Shareholders maintaining margin
accounts with DWR or another Selected Dealer are referred to their account
executive regarding restrictions on redemption of shares of the Fund pledged
in the margin account.
Reinstatement Privilege. A shareholder who has had his or her shares
redeemed or repurchased and has not previously exercised this reinstatement
privilege may, within thirty days after the date of the redemption or
repurchase, reinstate any portion or all of the proceeds of such redemption
or repurchase in shares of the Fund at the net asset value next determined
after a reinstatement request, together with the proceeds, is received by the
Transfer Agent and receive a pro rata credit for any CDSC paid in connection
with such redemption or repurchase.
Involuntary Redemption. The Fund reserves the right, on sixty days'
notice, to redeem, at net asset value, the shares of any shareholder (other
than shares held in an Individual Retirement Account or Custodial Account
under Section 403(b)(7) of the Internal Revenue Code) whose shares due to
redemptions by the shareholder have a value of less than $100 as a result of
redemptions or repurchases or such lesser amount as may be fixed by the
Trustees or, in the case of an account opened through EasyInvest, if after
twelve months the shareholder has invested less than $1,000 in the account.
However, before the Fund redeems such shares and sends the proceeds to the
shareholder, it will notify the shareholder that the value of the shares is
less than the applicable amount and allow him or her sixty days to make an
additional investment in an amount which will increase the value of his or
her account to at least the applicable amount before the redemption is
processed. No CDSC will be imposed on any involuntary redemption.
DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dividends and Distributions. The Fund intends to pay semi-annual dividends
and to distribute substantially all of the Fund's net investment income and
net short-term capital gains, if there are any. The Fund intends to
distribute dividends from net long-term capital gains, if any, at least once
each year. The Fund may, however, determine either to distribute or to retain
all or part of any long-term capital gains in any year for reinvestment.
All dividends and any capital gains distributions will be paid in
additional Fund shares and automatically credited to the shareholder's
account without issuance of a share certificate unless the shareholder
requests in writing that all dividends be paid in cash. (See "Shareholder
Services--Automatic Investment of Dividends and Distributions".)
Taxes. Because the Fund intends to distribute all of its net investment
income and net short-term capital gains to shareholders and otherwise remain
qualified as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the
Internal Revenue Code, it is not expected that the Fund will be required to
pay any federal income tax. Shareholders who are required to pay taxes on
their income will normally have to pay federal income taxes, and any state
income taxes, on the dividends and distributions they receive from the Fund.
Such dividends and distributions, to the extent that they are derived from
net investment income or short-term capital gains, are taxable to the
shareholder as ordinary dividend income regardless of whether the shareholder
20
<PAGE>
receives such distributions in additional shares or in cash.
One of the requirements for the Fund to remain qualified as a regulated
investment company is that less than 30% of the Fund's gross income be
derived from gains from the sale or other disposition of securities held for
less than three months. Accordingly, the Fund may be restricted in the
writing of options on securities held for less than three months, in the
writing of options which expire in less than three months, and in effecting
closing transactions with respect to call or put options which have been
written or purchased less than three months prior to such transactions. The
Fund may also be restricted in its ability to engage in transactions
involving futures contracts.
Distributions of net long-term capital gains, if any, are taxable to
shareholders as long-term capital gains regardless of how long a shareholder
has held the Fund's shares and regardless of whether the distribution is
received in additional shares or in cash. Capital gains distributions are not
eligible for the dividends received deduction.
The Fund may at times make payments from sources other than income or net
capital gains. Payments from such sources would, in effect, represent a
return of a portion of each shareholder's investment. All, or a portion, of
such payments will not be taxable to shareholders.
After the end of the calendar year, shareholders will be sent full
information on their dividends and capital gains distributions for tax
purposes, including information as to the portion taxable as ordinary income,
the portion taxable as long-term capital gains, and the amount of dividends
eligible for the Federal dividends received deduction available to
corporations. To avoid being subject to a 31% federal backup withholding tax
on taxable dividends, capital gains distributions and the proceeds of
redemptions and repurchases, shareholders' taxpayer identification numbers
must be furnished and certified as to their accuracy.
Shareholders should consult their tax advisers as to the applicability of
the foregoing to their current situation.
PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From time to time the Fund may quote its "total return" in advertisements
and sales literature. The total return of the Fund is based on historical
earnings and is not intended to indicate future performance. The "average
annual total return" of the Fund refers to a figure reflecting the average
annualized percentage increase (or decrease) in the value of an initial
investment in the Fund of $1,000 over periods of one, five and ten years.
Average annual total return reflects all income earned by the Fund, any
appreciation or depreciation of the Fund's assets, all expenses incurred by
the Fund and all sales charges which would be incurred by redeeming
shareholders, for the stated periods. It also assumes reinvestment of all
dividends and distributions paid by the Fund.
In addition to the foregoing, the Fund may advertise its total return over
different periods of time by means of aggregate, average, year-by-year or
other types of total return figures. The Fund may also advertise the growth
of hypothetical investments of $10,000, $50,000 and $100,000 in shares of the
Fund. Such calculations may or may not reflect the deduction of the
contingent deferred sales charge which, if reflected, would reduce the
performance quoted. The Fund from time to time may also advertise its
performance relative to certain performance rankings and indexes compiled by
independent organizations (such as mutual fund performance rankings of Lipper
Analytical Services, Inc., the S&P 500 Stock Index and the Dow Jones
Industrial Average).
21
<PAGE>
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Voting Rights. All shares of beneficial interest of the Fund are of $0.01
par value and are equal as to earnings, assets and voting privileges.
The Fund is not required to hold Annual Meetings of Shareholders and in
ordinary circumstances the Fund does not intend to hold such meetings. The
Trustees may call Special Meetings of Shareholders for action by shareholder
vote as may be required by the Act or the Declaration of Trust. Under certain
circumstances, the Trustees may be removed by action of the Trustees or by
the Shareholders.
Under Massachusetts law, shareholders of a business trust may, under
certain limited circumstances, be held personally liable as partners for the
obligations of the Fund. However, the Declaration of Trust contains an
express disclaimer of shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the
Fund, requires that notice of such Fund obligations include such disclaimer,
and provides for indemnification out of the Fund's property for any
shareholder held personally liable for the obligations of the Fund. Thus, the
risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder
liability is limited to circumstances in which the Fund itself would be
unable to meet its obligations. Given the above limitations on shareholder
personal liability, and the nature of the Fund's assets and operations, in
the opinion of Massachusetts counsel to the Fund, the risk to Fund
shareholders of personal liability is remote.
Code of Ethics. Directors, officers and employees of InterCapital, Dean
Witter Services Company Inc. and the Distributor are subject to a strict Code
of Ethics adopted by those companies. The Code of Ethics is intended to
ensure that the interests of shareholders and other clients are placed ahead
of any personal interest, that no undue personal benefit is obtained from a
person's employment activities and that actual and potential conflicts of
interest are avoided. To achieve these goals and comply with regulatory
requirements, the Code of Ethics requires, among other things, that personal
securities transactions by employees of the companies be subject to an
advance clearance process to monitor that no Dean Witter Fund is engaged at
the same time in a purchase or sale of the same security. The Code of Ethics
bans the purchase of securities in an initial public offering, and also
prohibits engaging in futures and options transactions and profiting on
short-term trading (that is, a purchase within 60 days of a sale or a sale
within 60 days of a purchase) of a security. In addition, investment
personnel may not purchase or sell a security for their personal account
within 30 days before or after any transaction in any Dean Witter Fund
managed by them. Any violations of the Code of Ethics are subject to
sanctions, including reprimand, demotion or suspension or termination of
employment. The Code of Ethics comports with regulatory requirements and the
recommendations in the 1994 report by the Investment Company Institute
Advisory Group on Personal Investing.
Shareholder Inquiries. All inquiries regarding the Fund should be directed
to the Fund at the telephone numbers or address set forth on the front cover
of this Prospectus.
22
<PAGE>
THE DEAN WITTER FAMILY OF FUNDS
MONEY MARKET FUNDS
Dean Witter Liquid Asset Fund Inc.
Dean Witter U.S. Government Money
Market Trust
Dean Witter Tax-Free Daily Income Trust
Dean Witter California Tax-Free Daily
Income Trust
Dean Witter New York Municipal Money
Market Trust
EQUITY FUNDS
Dean Witter American Value Fund
Dean Witter Natural Resource Development
Securities Inc.
Dean Witter Dividend Growth Securities Inc.
Dean Witter Developing Growth Securities Trust
Dean Witter World Wide Investment Trust
Dean Witter Value-Added Market Series
Dean Witter Utilities Fund
Dean Witter Capital Growth Securities
Dean Witter European Growth Fund Inc.
Dean Witter Precious Metals and Minerals Trust
Dean Witter Pacific Growth Fund Inc.
Dean Witter Health Sciences Trust
Dean Witter Global Dividend Growth Securities
Dean Witter Global Utilities Fund
Dean Witter International Small Cap Fund
Dean Witter Mid-Cap Growth Fund
Dean Witter Balanced Growth Fund
Dean Witter Capital Appreciation Fund
Dean Witter Information Fund
Dean Witter Japan Fund
Dean Witter Special Value Fund
Dean Witter Market Leader Trust
Dean Witter Financial Services Trust
FIXED-INCOME FUNDS
Dean Witter High Yield Securities Inc.
Dean Witter Tax-Exempt Securities Trust
Dean Witter U.S. Government Securities Trust
Dean Witter Federal Securities Trust
Dean Witter Convertible Securities Trust
Dean Witter California Tax-Free Income Fund
Dean Witter New York Tax-Free Income Fund
Dean Witter World Wide Income Trust
Dean Witter Intermediate Income Securities
Dean Witter Global Short-Term Income Fund Inc.
Dean Witter Multi-State Municipal Series Trust
Dean Witter Premier Income Trust
Dean Witter Short-Term U.S. Treasury Trust
Dean Witter Diversified Income Trust
Dean Witter Limited Term Municipal Trust
Dean Witter Short-Term Bond Fund
Dean Witter National Municipal Trust
Dean Witter High Income Securities
Dean Witter Balanced Income Fund
Dean Witter Hawaii Municipal Trust
Dean Witter Intermediate Term U.S. Treasury Trust
DEAN WITTER RETIREMENT SERIES
Liquid Asset Series
U.S. Government Money Market Series
U.S. Government Securities Series
Intermediate Income Securities Series
American Value Series
Capital Growth Series
Dividend Growth Series
Strategist Series
Utilities Series
Value-Added Market Series
Global Equity Series
ASSET ALLOCATION FUNDS
Dean Witter Strategist Fund
Dean Witter Global Asset Allocation Fund
ACTIVE ASSETS ACCOUNT PROGRAM
Active Assets Money Trust
Active Assets Tax-Free Trust
Active Assets California Tax-Free Trust
Active Assets Government Securities Trust
<PAGE>
Dean Witter DEAN WITTER
American Value Fund AMERICAN
Two World Trade Center VALUE FUND
New York, New York 10048
TRUSTEES
Michael Bozic
Charles A. Fiumefreddo
Edwin J. Garn
John R. Haire
Dr. Manuel H. Johnson
Michael E. Nugent
Philip J. Purcell
John L. Schroeder
OFFICERS
Charles A. Fiumefreddo
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Barry Fink
Vice President, Secretary and
General Counsel
Anita H. Kolleeny
Vice President
Thomas F. Caloia
Treasurer
CUSTODIAN
The Bank of New York
90 Washington Street
New York, New York 10286
TRANSFER AGENT AND
DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT
Dean Witter Trust Company
Harborside Financial Center
Plaza Two
Jersey City, New Jersey 07311
INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
Price Waterhouse LLP
1177 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10036
INVESTMENT MANAGER
Dean Witter InterCapital Inc.
PROSPECTUS--MARCH 31, 1997
<PAGE>
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
MARCH 31, 1997
Dean Witter
American
Value Fund
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dean Witter American Value Fund (the "Fund") is an open-end, diversified
management investment company whose investment objective is long-term capital
growth consistent with an effort to reduce volatility. The Fund invests
principally in common stock of companies in industries which, at the time of
investment, are believed to be attractively valued given their above average
relative earnings growth potential at that time. (See "Investment Practices
and Policies".)
A Prospectus for the Fund dated March 31, 1997, which provides the basic
information you should know before investing in the Fund, may be obtained
without charge from the Fund at its address or telephone numbers listed below
or from the Fund's Distributor, Dean Witter Distributors Inc., or from Dean
Witter Reynolds, Inc., at any of its branch offices. This Statement of
Additional Information is not a Prospectus. It contains information in
addition to and more detailed than that set forth in the Prospectus. It is
intended to provide you additional information regarding the activities and
operations of the Fund, and should be read in conjunction with the
Prospectus.
Dean Witter American Value Fund
Two World Trade Center
New York, New York 10048
(212) 392-2550 or
(800) 869-NEWS (toll-free)
<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
The Fund and its Management........... 3
Trustees and Officers................. 6
Investment Practices and Policies .... 12
Investment Restrictions............... 25
Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage . 26
The Distributor....................... 28
Shareholder Services.................. 32
Redemptions and Repurchases........... 36
Dividends, Distributions and Taxes ... 38
Performance Information............... 39
Shares of the Fund.................... 40
Custodian and Transfer Agent.......... 40
Independent Accountants............... 41
Reports to Shareholders............... 41
Legal Counsel......................... 41
Experts............................... 41
Registration Statement................ 41
Financial Statements--December 31,
1996................................. 42
Report of Independent Accountants .... 53
</TABLE>
2
<PAGE>
THE FUND AND ITS MANAGEMENT
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
THE FUND
The Fund was incorporated in the State of Maryland on December 13, 1979
under the name InterCapital Industry-Valued Securities Inc. On March 16, 1983
the Fund's shareholders approved a change in the Fund's name, effective March
21, 1983, to Dean Witter Industry-Valued Securities Inc. On April 30, 1987,
the Fund reorganized as a Massachusetts business trust with the name Dean
Witter American Value Fund.
THE INVESTMENT MANAGER
Dean Witter InterCapital Inc. (the "Investment Manager" or
"InterCapital"), a Delaware corporation, whose address is Two World Trade
Center, New York, New York 10048, is the Fund's Investment Manager.
InterCapital is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Dean Witter, Discover & Co.
("DWDC"), a Delaware corporation. In an internal reorganization which took
place in January, 1993, InterCapital assumed the investment advisory,
administrative and management activities previously performed by the
InterCapital Division of Dean Witter Reynolds Inc. ("DWR"), a broker-dealer
affiliate of InterCapital. (As hereinafter used in this Statement of
Additional Information, the terms "InterCapital" and "Investment Manager"
refer to DWR's InterCapital Division prior to the internal reorganization and
Dean Witter InterCapital Inc. thereafter.) The daily management of the Fund
and research relating to the Fund's portfolio is conducted by or under the
direction of officers of the Fund and of the Investment Manager, subject to
review by the Fund's Board of Trustees. Information as to these Trustees and
Officers is contained under the caption "Trustees and Officers."
InterCapital is the investment manager or investment adviser of the
following investment companies:
OPEN-END FUNDS
1 Active Assets California Tax-Free Trust
2 Active Assets Government Securities Trust
3 Active Assets Money Trust
4 Active Assets Tax-Free Trust
5 Dean Witter American Value Fund
6 Dean Witter Balanced Growth Fund
7 Dean Witter Balanced Income Fund
8 Dean Witter California Tax-Free Daily Income
Trust
9 Dean Witter California Tax-Free Income Fund
10 Dean Witter Capital Appreciation Fund
11 Dean Witter Capital Growth Securities
12 Dean Witter Convertible Securities Trust
13 Dean Witter Developing Growth Securities Trust
14 Dean Witter Diversified Income Trust
15 Dean Witter Dividend Growth Securities Inc.
16 Dean Witter European Growth Fund Inc.
17 Dean Witter Federal Securities Trust
18 Dean Witter Financial Services Trust
19 Dean Witter Global Asset Allocation Fund
20 Dean Witter Global Dividend Growth Securities
21 Dean Witter Global Short-Term Income Fund Inc.
22 Dean Witter Global Utilities Fund
23 Dean Witter Hawaii Municipal Trust
24 Dean Witter Health Sciences Trust
25 Dean Witter High Income Securities
26 Dean Witter High Yield Securities Inc.
27 Dean Witter Income Builder Fund
28 Dean Witter Information Fund
29 Dean Witter Intermediate Income Securities
30 Dean Witter Intermediate Term U.S. Treasury
Trust
31 Dean Witter International SmallCap Fund
32 Dean Witter Japan Fund
33 Dean Witter Limited Term Municipal Trust
34 Dean Witter Liquid Asset Fund Inc.
35 Dean Witter Market Leader Trust
36 Dean Witter Mid-Cap Growth Fund
37 Dean Witter Multi-State Municipal Series Trust
38 Dean Witter National Municipal Trust
39 Dean Witter Natural Resource Development
Securities Inc.
40 Dean Witter New York Municipal Money Market Trust
41 Dean Witter New York Tax-Free Income Fund
42 Dean Witter Pacific Growth Fund Inc.
43 Dean Witter Precious Metals and Minerals Trust
44 Dean Witter Premier Income Trust
45 Dean Witter Retirement Series
46 Dean Witter Select Dimensions Investment Series
47 Dean Witter Select Municipal Reinvestment Fund
48 Dean Witter Short-Term Bond Fund
49 Dean Witter Short-Term U.S. Treasury Trust
<PAGE>
50 Dean Witter Special Value Fund
51 Dean Witter Strategist Fund
52 Dean Witter Tax-Exempt Securities Trust
53 Dean Witter Tax-Free Daily Income Trust
54 Dean Witter U.S. Government Money Market Trust
55 Dean Witter U.S. Government Securities Trust
56 Dean Witter Utilities Fund
57 Dean Witter Value-Added Market Series
58 Dean Witter Variable Investment Series
59 Dean Witter World Wide Income Trust
60 Dean Witter World Wide Investment Trust
3
<PAGE>
CLOSED-END FUNDS
1 High Income Advantage Trust
2 High Income Advantage Trust II
3 High Income Advantage Trust III
4 InterCapital Income Securities Inc.
5 Dean Witter Government Income Trust
6 InterCapital Insured Municipal Bond Trust
7 InterCapital Insured Municipal Trust
8 InterCapital Insured Municipal Income Trust
9 InterCapital California Insured Municipal In-
come Trust
10 InterCapital Insured Municipal Securities
11 InterCapital Insured California Municipal Se-
curities
12 InterCapital Quality Municipal Investment Trust
13 InterCapital Quality Municipal Income Trust
14 InterCapital Quality Municipal Securities
15 InterCapital California Quality Municipal Se-
curities
16 InterCapital New York Quality Municipal
Securities
17 Municipal Income Trust
18 Municipal Income Trust II
19 Municipal Income Trust III
20 Municipal Income Opportunities Trust
21 Municipal Income Opportunities II
22 Municipal Income Opportunities III
23 Prime Income Trust
24 Municipal Premium Income Trust
The foregoing investment companies, together with the Fund, are
collectively referred to as the Dean Witter Funds.
In addition, Dean Witter Services Company Inc. ("DWSC"), a wholly-owned
subsidiary of InterCapital, serves as manager for the following investment
companies for which TCW Funds Management, Inc. is the investment adviser (the
"TCW/DW Funds"):
1 TCW/DW Core Equity Trust
2 TCW/DW North American Government
Income Trust
3 TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund
4 TCW/DW Income and Growth Fund
5 TCW/DW Small Cap Growth Fund
6 TCW/DW Balanced Fund
7 TCW/DW Mid-Cap Equity Trust
8 TCW/DW Global Telecom Trust
9 TCW/DW Strategic Income Trust
CLOSED-END FUNDS
10 TCW/DW Term Trust 2000
11 TCW/DW Term Trust 2002
12 TCW/DW Term Trust 2003
13 TCW/DW Total Return Trust
14 TCW/DW Emerging Markets
Opportunities Trust
InterCapital also serves as: (i) sub-adviser to Templeton Global
Opportunities Trust, an open-end investment company; (ii) administrator of
The BlackRock Strategic Term Trust Inc., a closed-end investment company; and
(iii) sub-administrator of MassMutual Participation Investors and Templeton
Global Governments Income Trust, closed-end investment companies.
Pursuant to an Investment Management Agreement (the "Agreement") with the
Investment Manager, the Fund has retained the Investment Manager to manage
the investment of the Fund's assets, including the placing of orders for the
purchase and sale of portfolio securities. The Investment Manager obtains and
evaluates such information and advice relating to the economy, securities
markets, and specific securities as it considers necessary or useful to
continuously manage the assets of the Fund in a manner consistent with its
investment objective.
Under the terms of the Agreement, in addition to managing the Fund's
investments, the Investment Manager maintains certain of the Fund's books and
records and furnishes, at its own expense, such office space, facilities,
equipment, clerical help, bookkeeping and certain legal services as the Fund
may reasonably require in the conduct of its business, including the
preparation of prospectuses, proxy statements and reports required to be
filed with federal and state securities commissions (except insofar as the
participation or assistance of independent accountants and attorneys is, in
the opinion of the Investment Manager, necessary or desirable). In addition,
the Investment Manager pays the salaries of all personnel, including officers
of the Fund, who are employees of the Investment Manager. The Investment
Manager also bears the cost of telephone service, heat, light, power and
other utilities provided to the Fund.
<PAGE>
Effective December 31, 1993, pursuant to a Services Agreement between
InterCapital and DWSC, DWSC began to provide the administrative services to
the Fund which were previously performed directly by InterCapital. On April
17, 1995, DWSC was reorganized in the State of Delaware, necessitating the
entry into a new Services Agreement by InterCapital on that date. The
foregoing internal reorganizations did not result in any change in the nature
or scope of the administrative services being provided to the Fund or any of
the fees being paid by the Fund for the overall services being performed
under the terms of the existing Management Agreement.
4
<PAGE>
Expenses not expressly assumed by the Investment Manager under the
Agreement or by the Distributor of the Fund's shares, Dean Witter
Distributors Inc. ("Distributors" or the "Distributor") (see "The
Distributor") will be paid by the Fund. The expenses borne by the Fund
include, but are not limited to: charges and expenses of any registrar,
custodian, stock transfer and dividend disbursing agent; brokerage
commissions; taxes; engraving and printing share certificates; registration
costs of the Fund and its shares under federal and state securities laws; the
cost and expense of printing, including typesetting, and distributing
prospectuses of the Fund and supplements thereto to the Fund's shareholders;
all expenses of shareholders' and Trustees' meetings and of preparing,
printing and mailing of proxy statements and reports to shareholders; fees
and travel expenses of Trustees or members of any advisory board or committee
who are not employees of the Investment Manager or any corporate affiliate of
the Investment Manager; all expenses incident to any dividend, withdrawal or
redemption options; charges and expenses of any outside service used for
pricing of the Fund's shares; fees and expenses of legal counsel, including
counsel to the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Fund or of the
Investment Manager (not including compensation or expenses of attorneys who
are employees of the Investment Manager); fees and expenses of the Fund's
independent accountants; membership dues of industry associations; interest
on Fund borrowings; postage; insurance premiums on property or personnel
(including officers and Trustees) of the Fund which inure to its benefit;
extraordinary expenses (including, but not limited to, legal claims and
liabilities and litigation costs and any indemnification relating thereto);
and all other costs of the Fund's operation.
As full compensation for the services and facilities furnished to the Fund
and expenses of the Fund assumed by the Investment Manager, the Fund pays the
Investment Manager monthly compensation calculated daily by applying the
following annual rates to the net assets of the Fund determined as of the
close of each business day: 0.625% of the portion of daily net assets not
exceeding $250 million; 0.50% of the portion of daily net assets exceeding
$250 million but not exceeding $2.5 billion; and 0.475% of the portion of
daily net assets exceeding $2.5 billion. For the fiscal years ended December
31, 1994, 1995 and 1996, the Fund accrued to the Investment Manager total
compensation under the Agreement in the amounts of $7,401,318, $9,736,912 and
$14,111,045, respectively.
The Agreement provides that in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad
faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its obligations thereunder,
the Investment Manager is not liable to the Fund or any of its investors for
any act or omission by the Investment Manager or for any losses sustained by
the Fund or its investors. The Agreement in no way restricts the Investment
Manager from acting as investment manager or adviser to others.
The Agreement was initially approved by the Board of Trustees on October
30, 1992 and by the shareholders of the Fund at a Special Meeting of
Shareholders held on January 12, 1993. The Agreement is substantially
identical to a prior investment management agreement which was initially
approved by the Trustees on April 15, 1987 and by the Shareholders of the
Fund at a Meeting of Shareholders on April 21, 1987. The Agreement took
effect on June 30, 1993 upon the spin-off by Sears, Roebuck & Co. of its
remaining shares of DWDC. Under its terms, the Agreement had an initial term
ending April 30, 1994 and will remain in effect from year to year thereafter,
provided continuance of the Agreement is approved at least annually by the
vote of the holders of a majority, as defined in the Act, of the outstanding
shares of the Fund, or by the Trustees of the Fund; provided that in either
event such continuance is approved annually by the vote of a majority of the
Trustees of the Fund who are not parties to the Agreement or "interested
persons" (as defined in the Act) of any such party (the "Independent
Trustees"), which vote must be cast in person at a meeting called for the
purpose of voting on such approval. At their meeting held on April 17, 1996,
the Fund's Trustees, including all of the Independent Trustees, approved the
continuation of the Agreement until April 30, 1997.
The Agreement may be terminated at any time, without penalty, on thirty
days' notice by the Trustees of the Fund, by the holders of a majority, as
defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the "Act"), of the outstanding
shares of the Fund, or by the Investment Manager. The Agreement will
automatically terminate in the event of its assignment (as defined in the
Act).
The Fund has acknowledged that the name "Dean Witter" is a property right
of DWR. The Fund has agreed that DWR or its parent company may use or, at any
time, permit others to use, the name "Dean
5
<PAGE>
Witter". The Fund has also agreed that, in the event the Agreement is
terminated, or if the affiliation between InterCapital and its parent is
terminated, the Fund will eliminate the name "Dean Witter" from its name if
DWR or its parent company shall so request.
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Trustees and Executive Officers of the Fund, their principal business
occupations during the last five years and their affiliations, if any, with
InterCapital, and with the 79 Dean Witter Funds and the 12 TCW/DW Funds, are
shown below.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NAME, AGE, POSITION
WITH FUND AND ADDRESS PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS DURING LAST FIVE YEARS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
Michael Bozic (56) Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Levitz Furniture
Trustee Corporation (since November, 1995); Director or Trustee of
c/o Levitz Furniture Corporation the Dean Witter Funds; formerly President and Chief Executive
6111 Broken Sound Parkway, N.W. Officer of Hills Department Stores (May, 1991-July, 1995);
Boca Raton, Florida formerly variously Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, President
and Chief Operating Officer (1987-1991) of the Sears Merchandise
Group of Sears, Roebuck and Co.; Director of Eaglemark Financial
Services, Inc., the United Negro College Fund and Weirton Steel
Corporation.
Charles A. Fiumefreddo* (63) Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director of InterCapital,
Chairman, President, Chief Executive Dean Witter Distributors Inc. ("Distributors") and Dean Witter
Officer and Trustee Trust Company ("DWSC"); Director and Executive Vice President
Two World Trade Center of DWR; Chairman, Director or Trustee, President and Chief
New York, New York Executive Officer of the Dean Witter Funds; Chairman, Chief
Executive Officer and Trustee of the TCW/DW Funds; Chairman
and Director of Dean Witter Trust Company ("DWTC"); Director
and/or officer of various DWDC subsidiaries; formerly executive
Vice President and Director of DWDC (until February, 1993).
Edwin J. Garn (64) Director or Trustee of the Dean Witter Funds; formerly United
Trustee States Senator (R-Utah)(1974-1992) and Chairman, Senate Banking
c/o Huntsman Chemical Corporation Committee (1980-1986); formerly Mayor of Salt Lake City, Utah
500 Huntsman Way (1971-1974); formerly Astronaut, Space Shuttle Discovery (April
Salt Lake City, Utah 12-19, 1985); Vice Chairman, Huntsman Chemical Corporation
(since January, 1993); Director of Franklin Quest (time
management systems) and John Alden Financial Corp. (health
insurance); member of the board of various civic and charitable
organizations.
6
<PAGE>
NAME, AGE, POSITION WITH FUND AND ADDRESS PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS DURING LAST FIVE YEARS
- -------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------
John R. Haire (72) Chairman of the Audit Committee and Chairman of the Committee
Trustee of Independent Directors or Trustees and Director or Trustee
Two World Trade Center of the Dean Witter Funds; Chairman of the Audit Committee and
New York, New York Chairman of the Committee of the Independent Trustees and Trustee
of the TCW/DW Funds; formerly President, Council for Aid to
Education (1978-1989) and Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
of Anchor Corporation, an Investment Adviser (1964-1978);
Director of Washington National Corporation (insurance).
Dr. Manuel H. Johnson (48) Senior Partner, Johnson Smick International, Inc., a consulting
Trustee firm; Co-Chairman and a founder of the Group of Seven Council
c/o Johnson Smick International, Inc. (G7C), an international economic commission; Director or Trustee
1133 Connecticut Avenue, N.W. of the Dean Witter Funds; Trustee of the TCW/DW Funds; Director
Washington, D.C. of NASDAQ (since June, 1995); Director of Greenwich Capital
Markets, Inc. (broker-dealer); Trustee of the Financial
Accounting Foundation (oversight organization of the Financial
Accounting Standards Board); formerly Vice Chairman of the
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (February,
1986-August, 1990) and Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Treasury
(1982-1986).
Michael E. Nugent (60) General Partner, Triumph Capital, L.P., a private investment
Trustee partnership (since April, 1988); Director or Trustee of the
c/o Triumph Capital, L.P. Dean Witter Funds; Trustee of the TCW/DW Funds; formerly Vice
237 Park Avenue President, Bankers Trust Company and BT Capital Corporation
New York, New York (1984-1988); director of various business organizations.
Philip J. Purcell* (53) Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer
Trustee of DWDC, DWR and Novus Credit Services Inc.; Director of
Two World Trade Center InterCapital, DWSC and Distributors; Director or Trustee of
New York, New York the Dean Witter Funds; Director and/or officer of various DWDC
subsidiaries.
John L. Schroeder (66) Retired; Director or Trustee of the Dean Witter Funds; Trustee
Trustee of the TCW/DW Funds; Director of Citizens Utilities Company;
c/o Gordon Altman Butowsky formerly Executive Vice President and Chief Investment Officer
Weitzen Shalov & Wein of the Home Insurance Company (August, 1991-September, 1995);
Counsel to the Independent Trustees and Chairman and Chief Investment Officer of Axe-Houghton
114 West 47th Street Management and the Axe-Houghton Funds (April, 1983-June, 1991).
New York, New York
7
<PAGE>
NAME, AGE, POSITION WITH FUND AND ADDRESS PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS DURING LAST FIVE YEARS
- -------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------
Barry Fink (42) Senior Vice President (since March, 1997) and Secretary and
Vice President, General Counsel (since February, 1997) of InterCapital and
Secretary and General Counsel DWSC; Senior Vice Pres ident (since March, 1997) and Assistant
Two World Trade Center Secretary and Assistant General Counsel of Distributors (since
New York, New York February, 1997); Assistant Secretary of DWR (since August,
1996); Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel of the
Dean Witter Funds and the TCW/DW Funds (since February, 1997);
previously First Vice President (June, 1993-February, 1997),
Vice President (until June, 1993) and Assistant Secretary and
Assistant General Counsel of InterCapital and DWSC and Assistant
Secretary of the Dean Witter Funds and the TCW/DW Funds.
Anita H. Kolleeny (41) Senior Vice President of InterCapital; Vice President of various
Vice President Dean Witter Funds.
Two World Trade Center
New York, New York
Thomas F. Caloia (51) First Vice President and Assistant Treasurer of InterCapital
Treasurer and DWSC; Treasurer of the Dean Witter Funds and TCW/DW Funds.
</TABLE>
Two World Trade Center
New York, New York [FN]
- ------------
* Denotes Trustees who are "interested persons" of the Fund, as defined in
the Act.
In addition, Robert M. Scanlan, President of InterCapital and Chief
Operating Officer of InterCapital and DWSC, Executive Vice President of
Distributors and DWTC and Director of DWTC, Joseph J. McAlinden, Executive
Vice President and Chief Investment Officer of InterCapital and Director of
DWTC, Robert S. Giambrone, Senior Vice President of InterCapital, DWSC,
Distributors and DWTC and Director of DWTC, and Kenton J. Hinchliffe, Ira N.
Ross and Paul D. Vance, Senior Vice Presidents of InterCapital, are Vice
Presidents of the Fund. In addition, Marilyn K. Cranney, First Vice President
and Assistant General Counsel of InterCapital and DWSC and Lou Anne D.
McInnis and Ruth Rossi, Vice Presidents and Assistant General Counsels of
InterCapital and DWSC, and Frank Bruttomesso and Carsten Otto, Staff
Attorneys with InterCapital, are Assistant Secretaries of the Fund.
THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES, THE INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES, AND THE COMMITTEES
The Board of Trustees consists of eight (8) trustees. These same
individuals also serve as directors or trustees for all of the Dean Witter
Funds, and are referred to in this section as Trustees. As of the date of
this Statement of Additional Information, there are a total of 84 Dean Witter
Funds, comprised of 127 portfolios. As of February 28, 1997, the Dean Witter
Funds had total net assets of approximately $84.2 billion and more than five
million shareholders.
Six Trustees (75% of the total number) have no affiliation or business
connection with InterCapital or any of its affiliated persons and do not own
any stock or other securities issued by InterCapital's parent company, DWDC.
These are the "disinterested" or "independent" Trustees. The other two
Trustees (the "management Trustees") are affiliated with InterCapital. Four
of the six independent Trustees are also Independent Trustees of the TCW/DW
Funds.
Law and regulation establish both general guidelines and specific duties
for the Independent Trustees. The Dean Witter Funds seek as Independent
Trustees individuals of distinction and experience in business and finance,
government service or academia; these are people whose advice and counsel
8
<PAGE>
are in demand by others and for whom there is often competition. To accept a
position on the Funds' Boards, such individuals may reject other attractive
assignments because the Funds make substantial demands on their time. Indeed,
by serving on the Funds' Boards, certain Trustees who would otherwise be
qualified and in demand to serve on bank boards would be prohibited by law
from doing so.
All of the Independent Trustees serve as members of the Audit Committee
and the Committee of the Independent Trustees. Three of them also serve as
members of the Derivatives Committee. During the calendar year ended December
31, 1996, the three Committees held a combined total of sixteen meetings. The
Committees hold some meetings at InterCapital's offices and some outside
InterCapital. Management Trustees or officers do not attend these meetings
unless they are invited for purposes of furnishing information or making a
report.
The Committee of the Independent Trustees is charged with recommending to
the full Board approval of management, advisory and administration contracts,
Rule 12b-1 plans and distribution and underwriting agreements; continually
reviewing Fund performance; checking on the pricing of portfolio securities,
brokerage commissions, transfer agent costs and performance, and trading
among Funds in the same complex; and approving fidelity bond and related
insurance coverage and allocations, as well as other matters that arise from
time to time. The Independent Trustees are required to select and nominate
individuals to fill any Independent Trustee vacancy on the Board of any Fund
that has a Rule 12b-1 plan of distribution. Most of the Dean Witter Funds
have such a plan.
The Audit Committee is charged with recommending to the full Board the
engagement or discharge of the Fund's independent accountants; directing
investigations into matters within the scope of the independent accountants'
duties, including the power to retain outside specialists; reviewing with the
independent accountants the audit plan and results of the auditing
engagement; approving professional services provided by the independent
accountants and other accounting firms prior to the performance of such
services; reviewing the independence of the independent accountants;
considering the range of audit and non-audit fees; reviewing the adequacy of
the Fund's system of internal controls; and preparing and submitting
Committee meeting minutes to the full Board.
Finally, the Board of each Fund has formed a Derivatives Committee to
establish parameters for and oversee the activities of the Fund with respect
to derivative investments, if any, made by the Fund.
DUTIES OF CHAIRMAN OF COMMITTEE OF THE INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES AND AUDIT COMMITTEE
The Chairman of the Committee of the Independent Trustees and the Audit
Committee maintains an office at the Funds' headquarters in New York. He is
responsible for keeping abreast of regulatory and industry developments and
the Funds' operations and management. He screens and/or prepares written
materials and identifies critical issues for the Independent Trustees to
consider, develops agendas for Committee meetings, determines the type and
amount of information that the Committees will need to form a judgment on
various issues, and arranges to have that information furnished to Committee
members. He also arranges for the services of independent experts and
consults with them in advance of meetings to help refine reports and to focus
on critical issues. Members of the Committees believe that the person who
serves as Chairman of both Committees and guides their efforts is pivotal to
the effective functioning of the Committees.
The Chairman of the Committees also maintains continuous contact with the
Funds' management, with independent counsel to the Independent Trustees and
with the Funds' independent auditors. He arranges for a series of special
meetings involving the annual review of investment advisory, management and
other operating contracts of the Funds and, on behalf of the Committees,
conducts negotiations with the Investment Manager and other service
providers. In effect, the Chairman of the Committees serves as a combination
of chief executive and support staff of the Independent Trustees.
The Chairman of the Committee of the Independent Trustees and the Audit
Committee is not employed by any other organization and devotes his time
primarily to the services he performs as Committee Chairman and Independent
Trustee of the Dean Witter Funds and as an Independent Trustee
9
<PAGE>
and, since July 1, 1996, as Chairman of the Committee of the Independent
Trustees and the Audit Committee of the TCW/DW Funds. The current Committee
Chairman has had more than 35 years experience as a senior executive in the
investment company industry.
ADVANTAGES OF HAVING SAME INDIVIDUALS AS INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES FOR ALL DEAN
WITTER FUNDS
The Independent Trustees and the Funds' management believe that having the
same Independent Trustees for each of the Dean Witter Funds avoids the
duplication of effort that would arise from having different groups of
individuals serving as Independent Trustees for each of the Funds or even of
sub-groups of Funds. They believe that having the same individuals serve as
Independent Trustees of all the Funds tends to increase their knowledge and
expertise regarding matters which affect the Fund complex generally and
enhances their ability to negotiate on behalf of each Fund with the Fund's
service providers. This arrangement also precludes the possibility of
separate groups of Independent Trustees arriving at conflicting decisions
regarding operations and management of the Funds and avoids the cost and
confusion that would likely ensue. Finally, having the same Independent
Trustees serve on all Fund Boards enhances the ability of each Fund to
obtain, at modest cost to each separate Fund, the services of Independent
Trustees, and a Chairman of their Committees, of the caliber, experience and
business acumen of the individuals who serve as Independent Trustees of the
Dean Witter Funds.
COMPENSATION OF INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES
The Fund pays each Independent Trustee an annual fee of $1,000 plus a per
meeting fee of $50 for meetings of the Board of Trustees or committees of the
Board of Trustees attended by the Trustee (the Fund pays the Chairman of the
Audit Committee an annual fee of $750 and pays the Chairman of the Committee
of the Independent Trustees an additional annual fee of $1,200). The Fund
also reimburses such Trustees for travel and other out-of-pocket expenses
incurred by them in connection with attending such meetings. Trustees and
officers of the Fund who are or have been employed by the Investment Manager
or an affiliated company receive no compensation or expense reimbursement
from the Fund.
The following table illustrates the compensation paid to the Fund's
Independent Trustees by the Fund for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996.
FUND COMPENSATION
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AGGREGATE
NAME OF INDEPENDENT COMPENSATION
TRUSTEE FROM THE FUND
- -------------------------- ---------------
<S> <C>
Michael Bozic ............. $1,800
Edwin J. Garn ............. 1,850
John R. Haire ............. 3,950
Dr. Manuel H. Johnson .... 1,800
Michael E. Nugent.......... 1,800
John L. Schroeder.......... 1,800
</TABLE>
The following table illustrates the compensation paid to the Fund's
Independent Trustees for the calendar year ended December 31, 1996 for
services to the 82 Dean Witter Funds and, in the case of Messrs. Haire,
Johnson, Nugent and Schroeder, the 14 TCW/DW Funds that were in operation at
December 31, 1996. With respect to Messrs. Haire, Johnson, Nugent and
Schroeder, the TCW/DW Funds are included solely because of a limited exchange
privilege between those Funds and five Dean Witter Money Market Funds.
10
<PAGE>
CASH COMPENSATION FROM DEAN WITTER FUNDS AND TCW/DW FUNDS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FOR SERVICE AS
CHAIRMAN OF
COMMITTEES OF FOR SERVICE AS
INDEPENDENT CHAIRMAN OF
FOR SERVICE DIRECTORS/ COMMITTEES OF TOTAL CASH
AS DIRECTOR OR FOR SERVICE AS TRUSTEES AND INDEPENDENT COMPENSATION
TRUSTEE AND TRUSTEE AND AUDIT TRUSTEES FOR SERVICES TO
COMMITTEE MEMBER COMMITTEE MEMBER COMMITTEES OF 82 AND AUDIT 82 DEAN WITTER
NAME OF OF 82 DEAN WITTER OF 14 TCW/DW DEAN WITTER COMMITTEES OF 14 FUNDS AND 14
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE FUNDS FUNDS FUNDS TCW/DW FUNDS TCW/DW FUNDS
- --------------------- ----------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Michael Bozic ........ $138,850 -- -- -- $138,850
Edwin J. Garn ........ 140,900 -- -- -- 140,900
John R. Haire ........ 106,400 $64,283 $195,450 $12,187 378,320
Dr. Manuel H. Johnson 137,100 66,483 -- -- 203,583
Michael E. Nugent ... 138,850 64,283 -- -- 203,133
John L. Schroeder .... 137,150 69,083 -- -- 206,233
</TABLE>
As of the date of this Statement of Additional Information, 57 of the Dean
Witter Funds, including the Fund, have adopted a retirement program under
which an Independent Trustee who retires after serving for at least five
years (or such lesser period as may be determined by the Board) as an
Independent Director or Trustee of any Dean Witter Fund that has adopted the
retirement program (each such Fund referred to as an "Adopting Fund" and each
such Trustee referred to as an "Eligible Trustee") is entitled to retirement
payments upon reaching the eligible retirement age (normally, after attaining
age 72). Annual payments are based upon length of service. Currently, upon
retirement, each Eligible Trustee is entitled to receive from the Adopting
Fund, commencing as of his or her retirement date and continuing for the
remainder of his or her life, an annual retirement benefit (the "Regular
Benefit") equal to 25.0% of his or her Eligible Compensation plus 0.4166666%
of such Eligible Compensation for each full month of service as an
Independent Director or Trustee of any Adopting Fund in excess of five years
up to a maximum of 50.0% after ten years of service. The foregoing
percentages may be changed by the Board.(1) "Eligible Compensation" is
one-fifth of the total compensation earned by such Eligible Trustee for
service to the Adopting Fund in the five year period prior to the date of the
Eligible Trustee's retirement. Benefits under the retirement program are not
secured or funded by the Adopting Funds.
The following table illustrates the retirement benefits accrued to the
Fund's Independent Trustees by the Fund for the fiscal year ended December
31, 1996 and by the 57 Dean Witter Funds (including the Fund) for the year
ended December 31, 1996, and the estimated retirement benefits for the Fund's
Independent Trustees, to commence upon their retirement, from the Fund as of
December 31, 1996 and from the 57 Dean Witter Funds as of December 31, 1996.
RETIREMENT BENEFITS FROM THE FUND AND ALL DEAN WITTER FUNDS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FOR ALL ADOPTING FUNDS
-------------------------------- ESTIMATED ANNUAL
ESTIMATED RETIREMENT BENEFITS BENEFITS
CREDITED ACCRUED AS EXPENSES UPON RETIREMENT(2)
YEARS ESTIMATED -------------------- --------------------
OF SERVICE AT PERCENTAGE OF BY ALL FROM FROM ALL
RETIREMENT ELIGIBLE BY THE ADOPTING THE ADOPTING
NAME OF INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE (MAXIMUM 10) COMPENSATION FUND FUNDS FUND FUNDS
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Michael Bozic .............. 10 50.0% $ 381 $20,147 $ 950 $ 51,325
Edwin J. Garn .............. 10 50.0 639 27,772 950 51,325
John R. Haire .............. 10 50.0 3,595 46,952 2,343 129,550
Dr. Manuel H. Johnson ..... 10 50.0 256 10,926 950 51,325
Michael E. Nugent .......... 10 50.0 481 19,217 950 51,325
John L. Schroeder........... 8 41.7 736 38,700 792 42,771
</TABLE>
(1) An Eligible Trustee may elect alternate payments of his or her
retirement benefits based upon the combined life expectancy of such
Eligible Trustee and his or her spouse on the date of such Eligible
Trustee's retirement. The amount estimated to be payable under this
method, through the remainder of the later of the lives of such
Eligible Trustee and spouse, will be the
11
<PAGE>
actuarial equivalent of the Regular Benefit. In addition, the Eligible
Trustee may elect that the surviving spouse's periodic payment of
benefits will be equal to either 50% or 100% of the previous periodic
amount, an election that, respectively, increases or decreases the
previous periodic amount so that the resulting payments will be the
actuarial equivalent of the Regular Benefit.
(2) Based on current levels of compensation. Amount of annual benefits also
varies depending on the Trustee's elections described in Footnote (1)
above.
As of the date of this Statement of Additional Information, the aggregate
number of shares of beneficial interest of the Fund owned by the Fund's
officers and Trustees as a group was less than 1 percent of the Fund's shares
of beneficial interest outstanding.
INVESTMENT PRACTICES AND POLICIES
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
As discussed in the Prospectus, the Fund offers investors an opportunity
to participate in a diversified portfolio of securities, consisting
principally of common stocks. The portfolio reflects an investment
decision-making process developed by the Fund's Investment Manager.
INDUSTRY VALUATION APPROACH
As stated in the Prospectus, in managing the Fund's portfolio the
Investment Manager generally seeks to identify industries, rather than
individual companies, as prospects for capital appreciation. This approach is
designed to capitalize on the basic assumptions that industry trends are a
primary force governing company earnings; conventional forecasts may not
fully reflect underlying industry conditions or changing economic cycles; the
market's perception of industry trends is often transitory or exaggerated;
and distortions in relative valuations beyond their normal ranges may provide
significant buying or selling opportunities.
The Investment Manager generally seeks to invest assets of the Fund in
industries it considers to exhibit underappreciated earnings potential at the
time of purchase and to sell those it considers to have peaked in relative
earnings potential.
The Investment Manager also uses models which employ economic indicators
or other financial variables to evaluate the relative attractiveness of
industries. Economic analysis includes traditional business cycle analysis
and such signposts as current Federal Reserve monetary posture, direction of
commodity prices, and global currency and economic trends. Economic
indicators most relevant to particular industries are reviewed. Some
industries analyzed, such as aerospace and energy, do not correlate with
economic indicators and must be analyzed relative to their respective
specific industry cycles. Financial variables under consideration may include
corporate earnings growth and cashflow, corporate and industry asset
valuation, absolute and relative price/earnings ratios and dividend discount
valuations.
Once attractive industries have been identified, stocks to represent those
industries are selected utilizing a multivariate process that includes size
and quality of the company, earnings visibility of the company and various
valuation parameters. Valuation screens may include dividend discount model
values, price-to-book ratios, price to cashflow values, relative and absolute
price-to-earnings ratios and ratios of price to earnings multiples to
earnings growth. Price and earnings momentum ratings derived from external
sources are also factored into the stock selection decision. The Investment
Manager also evaluates fundamental company criteria such as product cycle
analysis, revenue growth, margin analysis, consistency of earnings
profitability, proprietary nature of the product and quality of management.
Stocks may be selected from the three capitalization tiers of the market:
large capitalization, medium capitalization, and small capitalization.
Based on the sum total of this analysis, approximately 40-60 industries
are studied and classified as attractive, moderately attractive or
unattractive. Attractive groups are purchased, moderately attractive groups
are bought or held, and unattractive groups are sold. The Investment Manager
may utilize services that examine historical industry relative
price-to-earnings ranges for input on the Investment Manager's valuation
analysis.
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<PAGE>
A basic tenet of the industry valuation approach is that there is no
certainty of superior performance in any specific industry selection, but
rather that approximately equal weighting of investments in a group of
industries, each of which has been identified as underappreciated, can
benefit from the performance probabilities of the total group.
The foregoing represents the main outlines of the industry valuation
approach. The following describes its key features, all of which are subject
to modification as described below or as result of applying the asset
allocation disciplines described later.
1. Equal Industry Weightings.
After determining the industries that it considers to be attractive, the
Investment Manager generally attempts to invest approximately equal amounts
of the equity portion of the portfolio in securities of companies in each of
such industries, subject to adjustment for company weightings as set forth in
the next paragraph.
2. Equal Company Weightings.
From the total of all companies included in the industry valuation
process, the Investment Manager selects a limited number from each industry
as representative of that industry. Such selections are made on the basis of
various criteria, including size and quality of a company, the visibility of
earnings, product cycle analysis, historic track record and various valuation
parameters. Valuation screens may include dividend discount model values,
price-to-book ratios, price-to-cashflow values, relative and absolute
price-to-earnings ratios and ratios of price-earnings multiples to earnings
growth. Price and earnings momentum ratings derived from external sources are
also factored into the stock selection decision. Those companies which are in
attractive industries and which the Investment Manager believes to be
attractive investments are finally selected for inclusion in the portfolio.
When final selections are made, approximately equal amounts of the equity
portion of the portfolio are invested in each of such companies. This may
vary depending on whether the Investment Manager is in the process of
building or reducing a stock position. Consideration will also be given to
valuation; capitalization and liquidity profile. Stocks in industries not
characterized as attractive may be underweighted. Also, smaller
capitalization issues may not be equally weighted due to liquidity
considerations.
3. Relative Industry Values.
Industry selection only attempts to identify industries whose securities
might be expected to perform relatively better than the market as represented
by the S&P Index. It does not seek to identify securities which will
experience an absolute increase in value notwithstanding market conditions.
However, the process assumes that, despite interim fluctuations in stock
market prices, the long-term trend in equity security values will be up.
4. Practical Applications.
In applying the industry valuation approach to management of the portfolio
of the Fund, the Investment Manager will make adjustments in the portfolio
which reflect modifications of the underlying concepts whenever, in its
opinion, such adjustments are necessary or desirable to achieve the Fund's
objectives. Such adjustments may include, for example, weighting some
industries or companies more or less than others, based upon the Investment
Manager's judgment as to the investment merits of specific companies. In
addition, without specific action by the Investment Manager, adjustments may
result from fluctuations in market prices which distort previously
established industry and company weightings. The portfolio may, at times,
include securities of industries which are considered unattractive due to
consideration of stage-of-cycle analysis or may not include representation in
industries considered attractive due to considerations such as valuation
criteria, stage-of-cycle analysis or lack of earnings visibility, balance
sheet viability or management quality. Also, independent of the application
of the industry valuation process, the Fund continuously sells and redeems
its own shares, and, as a result, securities may have to be sold at times
from the Fund's portfolio to meet redemptions and monies received upon sale
of the Fund's shares must be used to purchase portfolio securities. Such
sales and purchases of portfolio securities will result in a portfolio that
does not completely reflect equal weighting of investment in industries or
companies.
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<PAGE>
Asset Allocation. Common stocks, particularly those sought for possible
capital appreciation, have historically experienced a great amount of price
fluctuation. The Investment Manager believes it is desirable to attempt to
reduce the risks of extreme price fluctuations even if such an attempt
results, as it likely will at times, in reducing the probabilities of
obtaining greater capital appreciation. Accordingly, the Investment Manager's
investment process incorporates elements which may reduce, although certainly
not eliminate, the volatility of a portfolio. The Fund may hold a portion of
its portfolio in fixed-income securities in an effort to moderate extremes of
price fluctuation. The determination of the appropriate asset allocation as
between equity and fixed-income investments will be made by the Investment
Manager in its discretion, based upon its evaluation of economic and market
conditions.
SECURITY LOANS
Consistent with applicable regulatory requirements, the Fund may lend its
portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions,
provided that such loans are callable at any time by the Fund, and are at all
times secured by cash or cash equivalents, which are maintained in a
segregated account pursuant to applicable regulations and that are equal to
at least 100% of the market value, determined daily, of the loaned
securities. The advantage of such loans is that the Fund continues to receive
the income on the loaned securities while at the same time earning interest
on the cash amounts deposited as collateral, which will be invested in
short-term obligations.
A loan may be terminated by the borrower on one business day's notice, or
by the Fund on four business days' notice. If the borrower fails to deliver
the loaned securities within four days after receipt of notice, the Fund
could use the collateral to replace the securities while holding the borrower
liable for any excess of replacement cost over collateral. As with any
extensions of credit, there are risks of delay in recovery and, in some
cases, even loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the
securities fail financially. However, these loans of portfolio securities
will only be made to firms deemed by the Fund's management to be creditworthy
and when the income which can be earned from such loans justifies the
attendant risks. Upon termination of the loan, the borrower is required to
return the securities to the Fund. Any gain or loss in the market price
during the loan period would inure to the Fund.
When voting or consent rights which accompany loaned securities pass to
the borrower, the Fund will follow the policy of calling the loaned
securities, to be delivered within one day after notice, to permit the
exercise of such rights if the matters involved would have a material effect
on the Fund's investment in such loaned securities. The Fund will pay
reasonable finder's, administrative and custodial fees in connection with a
loan of its securities. During the year ended December 31, 1996, the Fund did
not loan any of its portfolio securities.
OPTIONS AND FUTURES TRANSACTIONS
The Fund may write covered call options against securities held in its
portfolio and covered put options on eligible portfolio securities and stock
indexes and purchase options of the same series to effect closing
transactions, and may hedge against potential changes in the market value of
investments (or anticipated investments) by purchasing put and call options
on portfolio (or eligible portfolio) securities and engaging in transactions
involving futures contracts and options on such contracts. Call and put
options on U.S. Treasury notes, bonds and bills and equity securities are
listed on Exchanges and are written in over-the-counter transactions ("OTC
options"). Listed options are issued by the Options Clearing Corporation
("OCC"). Ownership of a listed call option gives the Fund the right to buy
from the OCC the underlying security covered by the option at the stated
exercise price (the price per unit of the underlying security) by filing an
exercise notice prior to the expiration date of the option. The writer
(seller) of the option would then have the obligation to sell to the OCC the
underlying security at that exercise price prior to the expiration date of
the option, regardless of its then current market price. Ownership of a
listed put option would give the Fund the right to sell the underlying
security to the OCC at the stated exercise price. Upon notice of exercise of
the put option, the writer of the put would have the obligation to purchase
the underlying security from the OCC at the exercise price.
Options on Treasury Bonds and Notes. Because trading in options written on
Treasury bonds and notes tends to center on the most recently auctioned
issues, the exchanges on which such securities
14
<PAGE>
trade will not continue indefinitely to introduce options with new
expirations to replace expiring options on particular issues. Instead, the
expirations introduced at the commencement of options trading on a particular
issue will be allowed to run their course, with the possible addition of a
limited number of new expirations as the original ones expire. Options
trading on each issue of bonds or notes will thus be phased out as new
options are listed on more recent issues, and options representing a full
range of expirations will not ordinarily be available for every issue on
which options are traded.
Options on Treasury Bills. Because a deliverable Treasury bill changes
from week to week, writers of Treasury bill calls cannot provide in advance
for their potential exercise settlement obligations by acquiring and holding
the underlying security. However, if the Fund holds a long position in
Treasury bills with a principal amount of the securities deliverable upon
exercise of the option, the position may be hedged from a risk standpoint by
the writing of a call option. For so long as the call option is outstanding,
the Fund will hold the Treasury bills in a segregated account with its
Custodian, so that they will be treated as being covered.
OTC Options. Exchange-listed options are issued by the OCC which assures
that all transactions in such options are properly executed. OTC options are
purchased from or sold (written) to dealers or financial institutions which
have entered into direct agreements with the Fund. With OTC options, such
variables as expiration date, exercise price and premium will be agreed upon
between the Fund and the transacting dealer, without the intermediation of a
third party such as the OCC. If the transacting dealer fails to make or take
delivery of the securities underlying an option it has written, in accordance
with the terms of that option, the Fund would lose the premium paid for the
option as well as any anticipated benefit of the transaction. The Fund will
engage in OTC option transactions only with primary U.S. Government
securities dealers recognized by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
Covered Call Writing. The Fund is permitted to write covered call options
on portfolio securities in order to aid in achieving its investment
objective. Generally, a call option is "covered" if the Fund owns, or has the
right to acquire, without additional cash consideration (or for additional
cash consideration held for the Fund by its Custodian in a segregated
account) the underlying security subject to the option except that in the
case of call options on U.S. Treasury Bills, the Fund might own U.S. Treasury
Bills of a different series from those underlying the call option, but with a
principal amount and value corresponding to the exercise price and a maturity
date not later than that of the securities deliverable under the call option.
A call option is also covered if the Fund holds a call on the same security
as the underlying security of the written option, where the exercise price of
the call used for coverage is equal to or less than the exercise price of the
call written or greater than the exercise price of the call written if the
mark to market difference is maintained by the Fund in cash, U.S. Government
securities or other liquid portfolio securities which the Fund holds in a
segregated account maintained with its Custodian.
The Fund will receive from the purchaser, in return for a call it has
written, a "premium"; i.e., the price of the option. Receipt of these
premiums may better enable the Fund to achieve a greater total return than
would be realized from holding the underlying securities alone. Moreover, the
premium received will offset a portion of the potential loss incurred by the
Fund if the securities underlying the option are ultimately sold by the Fund
at a loss. The premium received will fluctuate with varying economic market
conditions. If the market value of the portfolio securities upon which call
options have been written increases, the Fund may receive less total return
from the portion of its portfolio upon which calls have been written than it
would have had such call not been written.
During the option period, the Fund may be required, at any time, to
deliver the underlying security against payment of the exercise price on any
calls it has written (exercise of certain listed options may be limited to
specific expiration dates). This obligation is terminated upon the expiration
of the option period or at such earlier time when the writer effects a
closing purchase transaction. A closing purchase transaction is accomplished
by purchasing an option of the same series as the option previously written.
However, once the Fund has been assigned an exercise notice, the Fund will be
unable to effect a closing purchase transaction.
Closing purchase transactions are ordinarily effected to realize a profit
on an outstanding call option to prevent an underlying security from being
called, to permit the sale of an underlying security or to
15
<PAGE>
enable the Fund to write another call option on the underlying security with
either a different exercise price or expiration date or both. Also, effecting
a closing purchase transaction will permit the cash or proceeds from the
concurrent sale of any securities subject to the option to be used for other
investments by the Fund. The Fund may realize a net gain or loss from a
closing purchase transaction depending upon whether the amount of the premium
received on the call option is more or less than the cost of effecting the
closing purchase transaction. Any loss incurred in a closing purchase
transaction may be wholly or partially offset by unrealized appreciation in
the market value of the underlying security. Conversely, a gain resulting
from a closing purchase transaction could be offset in whole or in part or
exceeded by a decline in the market value of the underlying security.
If a call option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a gain in the
amount of the premium on the option less the commission paid. Such a gain,
however, may be offset by depreciation in the market value of the underlying
security during the option period. If a call option is exercised, the Fund
realizes a gain or loss from the sale of the underlying security equal to the
difference between the purchase price of the underlying security and the
proceeds of the sale of the security plus the premium received on the option
less the commission paid.
Options written by the Fund normally have expiration dates of from up to
nine months (equity securities) to eighteen months (fixed-income securities)
from the date written. The exercise price of a call option may be below,
equal to or above the current market value of the underlying security at the
time the option is written. See "Risks of Options Transactions," below.
Covered Put Writing. As a writer of a covered put option, the Fund incurs
an obligation to buy the security underlying the option from the purchaser of
the put, at the option's exercise price at any time during the option period,
at the purchaser's election (certain listed put options written by the Fund
will be exercisable by the purchaser only on a specific date). A put is
"covered" if, at all times, the Fund maintains, at all times, in a segregated
account maintained on its behalf at the Fund's Custodian, cash, U.S.
Government securities or other liquid portfolio securities in an amount equal
to at least the exercise price of the option, at all times, during the option
period. Similary, a short put position could be covered by the Fund by its
purchase of a put option on the same security as the underlying security of
the written option, where the exercise price of the purchased option is equal
to or more than the exercise price of the put written or less than the
exercise price of the put written if the mark to market difference is
maintained by the Fund in cash, U.S. Government securities or other liquid
portfolio securities which the Fund holds in a segregated account maintained
at its Custodian. In writing puts, the Fund assumes the risk of loss should
the market value of the underlying security decline below the exercise price
of the option (any loss being decreased by the receipt of the premium on the
option written). During the option period, the Fund may be required, at any
time, to make payment of the exercise price against delivery of the
underlying security. The operation of and limitations on covered put options
in other respects are substantially identical to those of call options.
The Fund will write put options for two purposes: (1) to receive the
income derived from the premiums paid by purchasers; and (2) when the
Investment Manager wishes to purchase the security underlying the option at a
price lower than its current market price, in which case it will write the
covered put at an exercise price reflecting the lower purchase price sought.
The potential gain on a covered put option is limited to the premium received
on the option (less the commissions paid on the transaction) while the
potential loss equals the difference between the exercise price of the option
and the current market price of the underlying securities when the put is
exercised, offset by the premium received (less the commissions paid on the
transaction).
Purchasing Call and Put Options. As stated in the Prospectus, the Fund may
purchase listed and OTC call and put options on securities and stock indexes
in amounts equalling up to 10% of its total assets, with a maximum of 5% of
the Fund's assets invested in stock index options. The Fund may purchase call
options only in order to close out a covered call position (see "Covered Call
Writing" above). The purchase of a call option to effect a closing
transaction on a call written over-the-counter may be a listed or OTC option.
In either case, the call purchased is likely to be on the same securities and
have the same terms as the written option. If purchased over-the-counter, the
option would generally be acquired from the dealer or financial institution
which purchased the call written by the Fund.
16
<PAGE>
The Fund may purchase put options on securities which it holds (or has the
right to acquire) in its portfolio only to protect itself against a decline
in the value of the security. If the value of the underlying security were to
fall below the exercise price of the put purchased in an amount greater than
the premium paid for the option, the Fund would incur no additional loss. The
Fund may also purchase put options to close out written put positions in a
manner similar to call options closing purchase transactions. In addition,
the Fund may sell a put option which it has previously purchased prior to the
sale of the securities underlying such option. Such a sale would result in a
net gain or loss depending on whether the amount received on the sale is more
or less than the premium and other transaction costs paid on the put option
which is sold. And such gain or loss could be offset in whole or in part by a
change in the market value of the underlying security. If a put option
purchased by the Fund expired without being sold or exercised, the premium
would be lost.
Risks of Options Transactions. During the option period, the covered call
writer has, in return for the premium on the option, given up the opportunity
for capital appreciation above the exercise price should the market price of
the underlying security increase, but has retained the risk of loss should
the price of the underlying security decline. The secured put writer also
retains the risk of loss should the market value of the underlying security
decline below the exercise price of the option less the premium received on
the sale of the option. In both cases, the writer has no control over the
time when it may be required to fulfill its obligation as a writer of the
option. Once an option writer has received an exercise notice, it cannot
effect a closing purchase transaction in order to terminate its obligation
under the option and must deliver or receive the underlying securities at the
exercise price.
Prior to exercise or expiration, an option position can only be terminated
by entering into a closing purchase or sale transaction. If a covered call
option writer is unable to effect a closing purchase transaction, it cannot
sell the underlying security until the option expires or the option is
exercised. Accordingly, a covered call option writer may not be able to sell
an underlying security at a time when it might otherwise be advantageous to
do so. A secured put option writer who is unable to effect a closing purchase
transaction would continue to bear the risk of decline in the market price of
the underlying security until the option expires or is exercised. In
addition, a secured put writer would be unable to utilize the amount held in
cash or U.S. government or other liquid portfolio securities as security for
the put option for other investment purposes until the exercise or expiration
of the option.
The Fund's ability to close out its position as a writer of an option is
dependent upon the existence of a liquid secondary market on Option
Exchanges. There is no assurance that such a market will exist, particularly
in the case of OTC options. However, the Fund may be able to purchase an
offsetting option which does not close out its position as a writer but
constitutes an asset of equal value to the obligation under the option
written. If the Fund is not able to either enter into a closing purchase
transaction or purchase an offsetting position, it will be required to
maintain the securities subject to the call, or the collateral underlying the
put, even though it might not be advantageous to do so, until a closing
transaction can be entered into (or the option is exercised or expires).
Among the possible reasons for the absence of a liquid secondary market on
an Exchange are: (i) insufficient trading interest in certain options; (ii)
restrictions on transactions imposed by an Exchange; (iii) trading halts,
suspensions or other restrictions imposed with respect to particular classes
or series of options or underlying securities; (iv) interruption of the
normal operations on an Exchange; (v) inadequacy of the facilities of an
Exchange or the OCC to handle current trading volume; or (vi) a decision by
one or more Exchanges to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular
class or series of options), in which event the secondary market on that
Exchange (or in that class or series of options) would cease to exist,
although outstanding options on that Exchange that had been issued by the OCC
as a result of trades on that Exchange would generally continue to be
excerisable in accordance with their terms.
In the event of the bankruptcy of a broker through which the Fund engages
in transactions in options, the Fund could experience delays and/or losses in
liquidating open positions purchased or sold through the broker and/or incur
a loss of all or part of its margin deposits with the broker. Similarly, in
the
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<PAGE>
event of the bankruptcy of the writer of an OTC option purchased by the Fund,
the Fund could experience a loss of all or part of the value of the option.
Transactions are entered into by the Fund only with brokers or financial
institutions deemed creditworthy by the Investment Manager.
Each of the Exchanges has established limitations governing the maximum
number of call or put options on the same underlying security or futures
contract (whether or not covered) which may be written by a single investor,
whether acting alone or in concert with others (regardless of whether such
options are written on the same or different Exchanges or are held or written
on one or more accounts or through one or more brokers). An Exchange may
order the liquidation of positions found to be in violation of these limits
and it may impose other sanctions or restrictions. These position limits may
restrict the number of listed options which the Fund may write.
The hours of trading for options may not conform to the hours during which
the underlying securities are traded. To the extent that the option markets
close before the markets for the underlying securities, significant price and
rate movements can take place in the underlying markets that cannot be
reflected in the option markets.
Stock Index Options. Options on stock indexes are similar to options on
stock except that, rather than the right to take or make delivery of stock at
a specified price, an option on a stock index gives the holder the right to
receive, upon exercise of the option, an amount of cash if the closing level
of the stock index upon which the option is based is greater than, in the
case of a call, or less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of the
option. This amount of cash is equal to such difference between the closing
price of the index and the exercise price of the option expressed in dollars
times a specified multiple (the "multiplier"). The multiplier for an index
option performs a function similar to the unit of trading for a stock option.
It determines the total dollar value per contract of each point in the
difference between the exercise price of an option and the current level of
the underlying index. A multiplier of 100 means that a one-point difference
will yield $100. Options on different indexes may have different multipliers.
The writer of the option is obligated, in return for the premium received, to
make delivery of this amount. Unlike stock options, all settlements are in
cash and a gain or loss depends on price movements in the stock market
generally (or in a particular segment of the market) rather than the price
movements in individual stocks. Currently, options are traded on the S&P 100
Index and the S&P 500 Index on the Chicago Board Options Exchange, the Major
Market Index and the Computer Technology Index, Oil Index and Institutional
Index on the American Stock Exchange and the NYSE Index and NYSE Beta Index
on the New York Stock Exchange, The Financial News Composite Index on the
Pacific Stock Exchange and the Value Line Index, National O-T-C Index and
Utilities Index on the Philadelphia Stock Exchange, each of which and any
similar index on which options are traded in the future which include stocks
that are not limited to any particular industry or segment of the market is
referred to as a "broadly based stock market index." The Fund will invest
only in broadly based indexes. Options on broad-based stock indexes provide
the Fund with a means of protecting the Fund against the risk of market wide
price movements. If the Investment Manager anticipates a market decline, the
Fund could purchase a stock index put option. If the expected market decline
materialized, the resulting decrease in the value of the Fund's portfolio
would be offset to the extent of the increase in the value of the put option.
If the Investment Manager anticipates a market rise, the Fund may purchase a
stock index call option to enable the Fund to participate in such rise until
completion of anticipated common stock purchases by the Fund. Purchases and
sales of stock index options also enable the Investment Manager to more
speedily achieve changes in the Fund's equity positions.
The Fund will write put options on stock indexes only if such positions
are covered by cash, U.S. government securities or other liquid portfolio
securities equal to the aggregate exercise price of the puts, or by a put
option on the same stock index with a strike price no lower than the strike
price of the put option sold by the Fund, which cover is held for the Fund in
a segregated account maintained for it by the Fund's Custodian. All call
options on stock indexes written by the Fund will be covered either by a
portfolio of stocks substantially replicating the movement of the index
underlying the call option or by holding a separate call option on the same
stock index with a strike price no higher than the strike price of the call
option sold by the Fund.
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<PAGE>
Risks of Options on Indexes. Because exercises of stock index options are
settled in cash, call writers such as the Fund cannot provide in advance for
their potential settlement obligations by acquiring and holding the
underlying securities. A call writer can offset some of the risk of its
writing position by holding a diversified portfolio of stocks similar to
those on which the underlying index is based. However, most investors cannot,
as a practical matter, acquire and hold a portfolio containing exactly the
same stocks as the underlying index, and, as a result, bear a risk that the
value of the securities held will vary from the value of the index. Even if
an index call writer could assemble a stock portfolio that exactly reproduced
the composition of the underlying index, the writer still would not be fully
covered from a risk standpoint because of the "timing risk" inherent in
writing index options. When an index option is exercised, the amount of cash
that the holder is entitled to receive is determined by the difference
between the exercise price and the closing index level on the date when the
option is exercised. As with other kinds of options, the writer will not
learn that it had been assigned until the next business day, at the earliest.
The time lag between exercise and notice of assignment poses no risk for the
writer of a covered call on a specific underlying security, such as a common
stock, because there the writer's obligation is to deliver the underlying
security, not to pay its value as of a fixed time in the past. So long as the
writer already owns the underlying security, it can satisfy its settlement
obligations by simply delivering it, and the risk that its value may have
declined since the exercise date is borne by the exercising holder. In
contrast, even if the writer of an index call holds stocks that exactly match
the composition of the underlying index, it will not be able to satisfy its
assignment obligations by delivering those stocks against payment of the
exercise price. Instead, it will be required to pay cash in an amount based
on the closing index value on the exercise date; and by the time it learns
that it has been assigned, the index may have declined, with a corresponding
decrease in the value of its stock portfolio. This "timing risk" is an
inherent limitation on the ability of index call writers to cover their risk
exposure by holding stock positions.
A holder of an index option who exercises it before the closing index
value for that day is available runs the risk that the level of the
underlying index may subsequently change. If such a change causes the
exercised option to fall out-of-the-money, the exercising holder will be
required to pay the difference between the closing index value and the
exercise price of the option (times the applicable multiplier) to the
assigned writer.
If dissemination of the current level of an underlying index is
interrupted, or if trading is interrupted in stocks accounting for a
substantial portion of the value of an index, the trading of options on that
index will ordinarily be halted. If the trading of options on an underlying
index is halted, an exchange may impose restrictions prohibiting the exercise
of such options.
Futures Contracts. As stated in the Prospectus, the Fund may purchase and
sell interest rate and stock index futures contracts ("futures contracts")
that are traded on U.S. commodity exchanges on such underlying securities as
U.S. Treasury bonds, notes, bills and GNMA Certificates ("interest rate"
futures) and such indexes as the S&P 500 Index, the Moody's Investment-Grade
Corporate Bond Index and the New York Stock Exchange Composite Index ("index"
futures).
As a futures contract purchaser, the Fund incurs an obligation to take
delivery of a specified amount of the obligation underlying the contract at a
specified time in the future for a specified price. As a seller of a futures
contract, the Fund incurs an obligation to deliver the specified amount of
the underlying obligation at a specified time in return for an agreed upon
price.
The Fund will purchase or sell interest rate futures contracts and bond
index futures contracts for the purpose of hedging its fixed-income portfolio
(or anticipated portfolio) securities against changes in prevailing interest
rates. If the Investment Manager anticipates that interest rates may rise
and, concomitantly, the price of fixed-income securities falls, the Fund may
sell an interest rate futures contract or a bond index futures contract. If
declining interest rates are anticipated, the Fund may purchase an interest
rate futures contract to protect against a potential increase in the price of
U.S. Government securities the Fund intends to purchase. Subsequently,
appropriate fixed-income securities may be purchased by the Fund in an
orderly fashion; as securities are purchased, corresponding futures positions
would be terminated by offsetting sales of contracts.
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The Fund will purchase or sell stock index futures contracts for the
purpose of hedging its equity portfolio (or anticipated portfolio) securities
against changes in their prices. If the Investment Manager anticipates that
the prices of stock held by the Fund may fall, the Fund may sell a stock
index futures contract. Conversely, if the Investment Manager wishes to hedge
against anticipated price rises in those stocks which the Fund intends to
purchase, the Fund may purchase stock index futures contracts. In addition,
interest rate and stock index futures contracts will be bought or sold in
order to close out a short or long position in a corresponding futures
contract.
Although most interest rate futures contracts call for actual delivery or
acceptance of securities, the contracts usually are closed out before the
settlement date without the making or taking of delivery. Stock index futures
contracts provide for the delivery of an amount of cash equal to a specified
dollar amount times the difference between the stock index value at the open
or close of the last trading day of the contract and the futures contract
price. A futures contract sale is closed out by effecting a futures contract
purchase for the same aggregate amount of the specific type of equity
security and the same delivery date. If the sales price exceeds the
offsetting purchase price, the seller would be paid the difference and would
realize a gain. If the offsetting purchase price exceeds the sale price, the
seller would pay the difference and would realize a loss. Similarly, a
futures contract purchase is closed out by effecting a futures contract sale
for the same aggregate amount of the specific type of security and the same
delivery date. If the offsetting sale price exceeds the purchase price, the
purchaser would realize a gain, whereas if the purchase price exceeds the
offsetting sale price, the purchaser would realize a loss. There is no
assurance that the Fund will be able to enter into a closing transaction.
Interest Rate Futures Contracts. When the Fund enters into an interest
rate futures contract, it is initially required to deposit with the Fund's
Custodian, in a segregated account in the name of the broker performing the
transaction, an "initial margin" of cash or U.S. Government securities or
other liquid portfolio securities equal to approximately 2% of the contract
amount. Initial margin requirements are established by the Exchanges on which
futures contracts trade and may, from time to time, change. In addition,
brokers may establish margin deposit requirements in excess of those required
by the Exchanges.
Initial margin in futures transactions is different from margin in
securities transactions in that initial margin does not involve the borrowing
of funds by a broker's client but is, rather, a good faith deposit on the
futures contract which will be returned to the Fund upon the proper
termination of the futures contract. The margin deposits made are
marked-to-market daily and the Fund may be required to make subsequent
deposits of cash or U.S. Government securities called "variation margin,"
with the Fund's futures contract clearing broker, which are reflective of
price fluctuations in the futures contract. Currently, interest rate futures
contracts can be purchased on debt securities such as U.S. Treasury Bills and
Bonds, U.S. Treasury Notes with Maturities between 6 1/2 and 10 years, GNMA
Certificates and Bank Certificates of Deposit.
Index Futures Contracts. As discussed in the Prospectus, the Fund may
invest in index futures contracts. An index futures contract sale creates an
obligation by the Fund, as seller, to deliver cash at a specified future
time. An index futures contract purchase would create an obligation by the
Fund, as purchaser, to take delivery of cash at a specified future time.
Futures contracts on indexes do not require the physical delivery of
securities, but provide for a final cash settlement on the expiration date
which reflects accumulated profits and losses credited or debited to each
party's account.
The Fund is required to maintain margin deposits with brokerage firms
through which it effects index futures contracts in a manner similar to that
described above for interest rate futures contracts. Currently, the initial
margin requirements range from 3% to 10% of the contract amount for index
futures. In addition, due to current industry practice, daily variations in
gains and losses on open contracts are required to be reflected in cash in
the form of variation margin payments. The Fund may be required to make
additional margin payments during the term of the contract.
At any time prior to expiration of the futures contract, the Fund may
elect to close the position by taking an opposite position which will operate
to terminate the Fund's position in the futures contract. A final
determination of variation margin is then made, additional cash is required
to be paid by or released to the Fund and the Fund realizes a loss or a gain.
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<PAGE>
Currently, index futures contracts can be purchased or sold with respect
to, among others, the Standard & Poor's 500 Stock Price Index and the
Standard & Poor's 100 Stock Price Index on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange,
the New York Stock Exchange Composite Index on the New York Futures Exchange,
the Major Market Index on the American Stock Exchange, the Value Line Stock
Index on the Kansas City Board of Trade and the Moody's Investment-Grade
Corporate Bond Index on the Chicago Board of Trade.
Options on Futures Contracts. The Fund may purchase and write call and put
options on futures contracts and enter into closing transactions with respect
to such options to terminate an existing position. An option on a futures
contract gives the purchaser the right (in return for the premium paid), and
the writer the obligation, to assume a position in a futures contract (a long
position if the option is a call and a short position if the option is a put)
at a specified exercise price at any time during the term of the option. Upon
exercise of the option, the delivery of the futures position by the writer of
the option to the holder of the option is accompanied by delivery of the
accumulated balance in the writer's futures margin account, which represents
the amount by which the market price of the futures contract at the time of
exercise exceeds, in the case of a call, or is less than, in the case of a
put, the exercise price of the option on the futures contract.
The Fund will purchase and write options on futures contracts for
identical purposes to those set forth above for the purchase of a futures
contract (purchase of a call option or sale of a put option) and the sale of
a futures contract (purchase of a put option or sale of a call option), or to
close out a long or short position in futures contracts. If, for example, the
Investment Manager wished to protect against an increase in interest rates
and the resulting negative impact on the value of a portion of its
fixed-income portfolio, it might write a call option on an interest rate
futures contract, the underlying security of which correlates with the
portion of the portfolio the Investment Manager seeks to hedge. Any premiums
received in the writing of options on futures contracts may, of course,
augment the total return of the Fund and thereby provide a further hedge
against losses resulting from price declines in portions of the Fund's
portfolio.
The writer of an option on a futures contract is required to deposit
initial and variation margin pursuant to requirements similar to those
applicable to futures contracts. Premiums received from the writing of an
option on a futures contract are included in initial margin deposits.
Limitations on Futures Contracts and Options on Futures. The Fund may not
enter into futures contracts or purchase related options thereon if,
immediately thereafter, the amount committed to margin plus the amount paid
for premiums for unexpired options on futures contracts exceeds 5% of the
value of the Fund's total assets, after taking into account unrealized gains
and unrealized losses on such contracts it has entered into, provided,
however, that in the case of an option that is in-the-money (the exercise
price of the call (put) option is less (more) than the market price of the
underlying security) at the time of purchase, the in-the-money amount may be
excluded in calculating the 5%. However, there is no overall limitation on
the percentage of the Fund's assets which may be subject to a hedge position.
In addition, in accordance with the regulations of the Commodity Futures
Trading Commission ("CFTC") under which the Fund is exempted from
registration as a commodity pool operator, the Fund may only enter into
futures contracts and options on futures contracts transactions for purposes
of hedging a part or all of its portfolio. If the CFTC changes its
regulations so that the Fund would be permitted to write options on futures
contracts for purposes other than hedging the Fund's investments without CFTC
registration, the Fund may engage in such transactions for those purposes.
Except as described above, there are no other limitations on the use of
futures and options thereon by the Fund.
Risks of Transactions in Futures Contracts and Related Options. The Fund
may sell a futures contract to protect against the decline in the value of
securities held by the Fund. However, it is possible that the futures market
may advance and the value of securities held in the portfolio of the Fund may
decline. If this occurred, the Fund would lose money on the futures contract
and also experience a decline in value of its portfolio securities. However,
while this could occur for a very brief period or to a very small degree,
over time the value of a diversified portfolio will tend to move in the same
direction as the futures contracts.
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If the Fund purchases a futures contract to hedge against the increase in
value of securities it intends to buy, and the value of such securities
decreases, then the Investment Manager may determine not to invest in the
securities as planned and will realize a loss on the futures contract that is
not offset by a reduction in the price of the securities.
If the Fund maintains a short position in a futures contract or has sold a
call option in a futures contract, it will cover this position by holding, in
a segregated account maintained at its Custodian, cash, U.S. Government
securities or other liquid portfolio securities equal in value (when added to
any initial or variation margin on deposit) to the market value of the
securities underlying the futures contract or the exercise price of the
option. Such a position may also be covered by owning the securities
underlying the futures contract (in the case of a stock index futures
contract a portfolio of securities substantially replicating the relevant
index), or by holding a call option permitting the Fund to purchase the same
contract at a price no higher than the price at which the short position was
established.
In addition, if the Fund holds a long position in a futures contract or
has sold a put option on a futures contract, it will hold cash, U.S.
Government securities or other liquid portfolio securities equal to the
purchase price of the contract or the exercise price of the put option (less
the amount of initial or variation margin on deposit) in a segregated account
maintained for the Fund by its Custodian. Alternatively, the Fund could cover
its long position by purchasing a put option on the same futures contract
with an exercise price as high or higher than the price of the contract held
by the Fund.
Exchanges limit the amount by which the price of a futures contract may
move on any day. If the price moves equal the daily limit on successive days,
then it may prove impossible to liquidate a futures position until the daily
limit moves have ceased. In the event of adverse price movements, the Fund
would continue to be required to make daily cash payments of variation margin
on open futures positions. In such situations, if the Fund has insufficient
cash, it may have to sell portfolio securities to meet daily variation margin
requirements at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. In addition,
the Fund may be required to take or make delivery of the instruments
underlying interest rate futures contracts it holds at a time when it is
disadvantageous to do so. The inability to close out options and futures
positions could also have an adverse impact on the Fund's ability to
effectively hedge its portfolio.
In the event of the bankruptcy of a broker through which the Fund engages
in transactions in futures or options thereon, the Fund could experience
delays and/or losses in liquidating open positions purchased or sold through
the broker and/or incur a loss of all or part of its margin deposits with the
broker. Transactions are entered into by the Fund only with brokers or
financial institutions deemed creditworthy by the Investment Manager.
There may exist an imperfect correlation between the price movements of
futures contracts purchased by the Fund and the movements in the prices of
the securities which are the subject of the hedge. If participants in the
futures market elect to close out their contracts through offsetting
transactions rather than meet margin deposit requirements, distortions in the
normal relationship between the securities and futures markets could result.
Price distortions could also result if investors in futures contracts opt to
make or take delivery of underlying securities rather than engage in closing
transactions due to the resultant reduction in the liquidity of the futures
market. In addition, due to the fact that, from the point of view of
speculators, the deposit requirements in the futures markets are less onerous
than margin requirements in the cash market, increased participation by
speculators in the futures market could cause temporary price distortions.
Due to the possibility of price distortions in the futures market and because
of the imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of securities
and movements in the prices of futures contracts, a correct forecast of stock
price or interest rate trends by the Investment Manager may still not result
in a successful hedging transaction.
There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for
futures contracts and related options in which the Fund may invest. In the
event a liquid market does not exist, it may not be possible to close out a
futures position and, in the event of adverse price movements, the Fund would
continue to be required to make daily cash payments of variation margin. In
addition, limitations imposed by an exchange or board of trade on which
futures contracts are traded may compel or prevent the Fund from
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<PAGE>
closing out a contract which may result in reduced gain or increased loss to
the Fund. The absence of a liquid market in futures contracts might cause the
Fund to make or take delivery of the underlying securities at a time when it
may be disadvantageous to do so.
Compared to the purchase or sale of futures contracts, the purchase of
call or put options on futures contracts involves less potential risk to the
Fund because the maximum amount at risk is the premium paid for the options
(plus transaction costs). However, there may be circumstances when the
purchase of a call or put option on a futures contract would result in a loss
to the Fund notwithstanding that the purchase or sale of a futures contract
would not result in a loss, as in the instance where there is no movement in
the prices of the futures contract or underlying securities.
FOREIGN SECURITIES
As stated in the Prospectus, the Fund may invest in securities issued by
foreign issuers. Investors should carefully consider the risks of investing
in securities of foreign issuers and securities denominated in non-U.S.
currencies. Fluctuations in the relative rates of exchange between the
currencies of different nations will affect the value of the Fund's
investments. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates relative to the U.S.
dollar will affect the U.S. dollar value of the Fund's assets denominated in
that currency and thereby impact upon the Fund's total return on such assets.
Foreign currency exchange rates are determined by forces of supply and
demand on the foreign exchange markets. These forces are themselves affected
by the international balance of payments and other economic and financial
conditions, government intervention, speculation and other factors. Moreover,
foreign currency exchange rates may be affected by the regulatory control of
the exchanges on which the currencies trade.
Investments in foreign securities will also occasion risks relating to
political and economic developments abroad, including the possibility of
expropriations or confiscatory taxation, limitations on the use or transfer
of Fund assets and any effects of foreign social, economic or political
instability. Foreign companies are not subject to the regulatory requirements
of U.S. companies and, as such, there may be less publicly available
information about such companies. Moreover, foreign companies are not subject
to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and
requirements comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies.
Securities of foreign issuers may be less liquid than comparable
securities of U.S. issuers and, as such, their price changes may be more
volatile. Furthermore, foreign exchanges and broker-dealers are generally
subject to less government and exchange scrutiny and regulation than their
American counterparts. Brokerage commissions, dealer concessions and other
transaction costs may be higher on foreign markets than in the U.S. In
addition, differences in clearance and settlement procedures on foreign
markets may occasion delays in settlements of Fund trades effected in such
markets. Inability to dispose of portfolio securities due to settlement
delays could result in losses to the Fund due to subsequent declines in value
of such securities and the inability of the Fund to make intended security
purchases due to settlement problems could result in a failure of the Fund to
make potentially advantageous investments.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
When cash may be available for only a few days, it may be invested by the
Fund in repurchase agreements until such time as it may otherwise be invested
or used for payments of obligations of the Fund. These agreements, which may
be viewed as a type of secured lending by the Fund, typically involve the
acquisition by the Fund of debt securities from a selling financial
institution such as a bank, savings and loan association or broker-dealer.
The agreement provides that the Fund will sell back to the institution, and
that the institution will repurchase, the underlying security ("collateral")
at a specified price and at a fixed time in the future, usually not more than
seven days from the date of purchase. The collateral will be maintained in a
segregated account and will be marked-to-market daily to determine that the
value of the collateral, as specified in the agreement, does not decrease
below the purchase price plus accrued interest. If such decrease occurs,
additional collateral will be requested and, when
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<PAGE>
received, added to the account to maintain full collateralization. The Fund
will accrue interest from the institution until the time when the repurchase
is to occur. Although such date is deemed by the Fund to be the maturity date
of a repurchase agreement, the maturities of securities subject to repurchase
agreements are not subject to any limits.
While repurchase agreements involve certain risks not associated with
direct investments in debt securities, the Fund follows procedures designed
to minimize such risks. These procedures include effecting repurchase
transactions only with large, well-capitalized and well-established financial
institutions whose financial condition will be continually monitored by the
Investment Manager subject to procedures established by the Board of Trustees
of the Fund. In addition, as described above, the value of the collateral
underlying the repurchase agreement will be at least equal to the repurchase
price, including any accrued interest earned on the repurchase agreement. In
the event of a default or bankruptcy by a selling financial institution, the
Fund will seek to liquidate such collateral. However, the exercising of the
Fund's right to liquidate such collateral could involve certain costs or
delays and, to the extent that proceeds from any sale upon a default of the
obligation to repurchase were less than the repurchase price, the Fund could
suffer a loss. It is the current policy of the Fund not to invest in
repurchase agreements that do not mature within seven days if any such
investment, together with any other illiquid assets held by the Fund, amounts
to more than 15% of its total assets.
WHEN-ISSUED AND DELAYED DELIVERY SECURITIES AND FORWARD COMMITMENTS
From time to time the Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued or
delayed delivery basis or may purchase or sell securities on a forward
commitment basis. When such transactions are negotiated, the price is fixed
at the time of the commitment, but delivery and payment can take place a
month or more after the date of commitment. While the Fund will only purchase
securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis
with the intention of acquiring the securities, the Fund may sell the
securities before the settlement date, if it is deemed advisable. The
securities so purchased or sold are subject to market fluctuation and no
interest or dividends accrue to the purchaser prior to the settlement date.
At the time the Fund makes the commitment to purchase or sell securities on a
when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis, it will record the
transaction and thereafter reflect the value, each day, of such security
purchased, or if a sale, the proceeds to be received, in determining its net
asset value. At the time of delivery of the securities, their value may be
more or less than the purchase or sale price. The Fund will also establish a
segregated account with its custodian bank in which it will continually
maintain cash or cash equivalents or other liquid portfolio securities equal
in value to commitments to purchase securities on a when-issued, delayed
delivery or forward commitment basis. During the fiscal year ended December
31, 1996, the Fund did not purchase securities on a when-issued, delayed
delivery or forward commitment basis.
WHEN, AS AND IF ISSUED SECURITIES
The Fund may purchase securities on a "when, as and if issued" basis under
which the issuance of the security depends upon the occurrence of a
subsequent event, such as approval of a merger, corporate reorganization or
debt restructuring. The commitment for the purchase of any such security will
not be recognized in the portfolio of the Fund until the Investment Manager
determines that issuance of the security is probable. At such time, the Fund
will record the transaction and, in determining its net asset value, will
reflect the value of the security daily. At such time, the Fund will also
establish a segregated account with its custodian bank in which it will
maintain cash or cash equivalents or other liquid portfolio securities equal
in value to recognized commitments for such securities. The value of the
Fund's commitments to purchase the securities of any one issuer, together
with the value of all securities of such issuer owned by the Fund, may not
exceed 5% of the value of the Fund's total assets at the time the initial
commitment to purchase such securities is made (see "Investment
Restrictions"). An increase in the percentage of the Fund's assets committed
to the purchase of securities on a "when, as and if issued" basis may
increase the volatility of its net asset value. The Investment Manager and
the Trustees do not believe that the net asset value of the Fund will be
adversely affected by its purchase of securities on such basis. During the
fiscal year ended December 31, 1996, the Fund did not purchase securities
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on a "when, as and if issued" basis. The Fund may also sell securities on a
"when, as and if issued" basis provided that the issuance of the security
will result automatically from the exchange or conversion of a security owned
by the Fund at the time of sale.
PRIVATE PLACEMENTS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Fund may invest up to 5% of its total assets in securities which are
subject to restrictions on resale because they have not been registered under
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), or which are
otherwise not readily marketable. (Securities eligible for resale pursuant to
Rule 144A of the Securities Act, and determined to be liquid pursuant to the
procedures discussed in the following paragraph, are not subject to the
foregoing restriction.) These securities are generally referred to as private
placements or restricted securities. Limitations on the resale of such
securities may have an adverse effect on their marketability, and may prevent
the Fund from disposing of them promptly at reasonable prices. The Fund may
have to bear the expense of registering such securities for resale and the
risk of substantial delays in effecting such registration.
Rule 144A under the Securities Act permits the Fund to sell restricted
securities to qualified institutional buyers without limitation. The
Investment Manager, pursuant to procedures adopted by the Trustees of the
Fund, will make a determination as to the liquidity of each restricted
security purchased by the Fund. If a restricted security is determined to be
"liquid", such security will not be included within the category "illiquid
securities", which under current policy may not exceed 15% of the Fund's net
assets.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
In addition to the investment restrictions enumerated in the Prospectus,
the investment restrictions listed below have been adopted by the Fund as
fundamental policies, except as otherwise indicated. Under the Act, a
fundamental policy may not be changed without the vote of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities of the Fund, as defined in the Act. Such a
majority is defined as the lesser of (a) 67% or more of the shares present at
a meeting of Shareholders, if the holders of 50% of the outstanding shares of
the Fund are present or represented by proxy or (b) more than 50% of the
outstanding shares of the Fund. For purposes of the following restrictions:
(i) all percentage limitations apply immediately after a purchase or initial
investment; and (ii) any subsequent change in any applicable percentage
resulting from market fluctuations or other changes in total or net assets
does not require elimination of any security from the portfolio.
The Fund may not:
1. Invest in securities of any issuer if, to the knowledge of the Fund,
any officer or trustee/director of the Fund or of the Investment Manager
owns more than 1/2 of 1% of the outstanding securities of such issuer, and
such officers and trustees/directors who own more than 1/2 of 1% own in
the aggregate more than 5% of the outstanding securities of such issuer.
2. Purchase or sell real estate or interests therein (including limited
partnership interests), although the Fund may purchase securities of
issuers which engage in real estate operations and securities secured by
real estate or interests therein.
3. Purchase or sell commodities except that the Fund may purchase or
sell (write) futures contracts and related options.
4. Purchase oil, gas or other mineral leases, rights or royalty
contracts or exploration or development programs, except that the Fund may
invest in the securities of companies which operate, invest in, or sponsor
such programs.
5. Purchase securities of other investment companies, except in
connection with a merger, consolidation, reorganization or acquisition of
assets.
6. Borrow money, except that the Fund may borrow from a bank for
temporary or emergency purposes in amounts not exceeding 5% (taken at the
lower of cost or current value) of its total assets (not including the
amount borrowed).
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<PAGE>
7. Pledge its assets or assign or otherwise encumber them except to
secure borrowings effected within the limitations set forth in restriction
(6). For the purpose of this restriction, collateral arrangements with
respect to the writing of options and collateral arrangements with respect
to initial or variation margin for futures are not deemed to be pledges of
assets.
8. Issue senior securities as defined in the Act except insofar as the
Fund may be deemed to have issued a senior security by reason of: (a)
entering into any repurchase agreement; (b) borrowing money in accordance
with restrictions described above; or (c) lending portfolio securities.
9. Make loans of money or securities, except: (a) by the purchase of
debt obligations in which the Fund may invest consistent with its
investment objective and policies; (b) by investment in repurchase
agreements; or (c) by lending its portfolio securities.
10. Make short sales of securities.
11. Purchase securities on margin, except for such short-term loans as
are necessary for the clearance of portfolio securities. The deposit or
payment by the Fund of initial or variation margin in connection with
futures contracts or related options thereon is not considered the
purchase of a security on margin.
12. Engage in the underwriting of securities, except insofar as the Fund
may be deemed an underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933 in disposing
of a portfolio security.
13. Invest for the purpose of exercising control or management of any
other issuer.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
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Subject to the general supervision of the Board of Trustees, the
Investment Manager is responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities
for the Fund, the selection of brokers and dealers to effect the
transactions, and the negotiation of brokerage commissions, if any. Purchases
and sales of securities on a stock exchange are effected through brokers who
charge a commission for their services. In the over-the-counter market,
securities are generally traded on a "net" basis with dealers acting as
principal for their own accounts without a stated commission, although the
price of the security usually includes a profit to the dealer. The Fund also
expects that securities will be purchased at times in underwritten offerings
where the price includes a fixed amount of compensation, generally referred
to as the underwriter's concession or discount. Options and futures
transactions will usually be effected through a broker and a commission will
be charged. On occasion, the Fund may also purchase certain money market
instruments directly from an issuer, in which case no commissions or
discounts are paid. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 1994, 1995 and
1996 the Fund paid brokerage commissions in the amounts of $7,627,704,
$6,911,661 and $11,278,417, respectively.
The Investment Manager currently serves as investment manager to a number
of clients, including other investment companies, and may in the future act
as investment manager or adviser to others. It is the practice of the
Investment Manager to cause purchase and sale transactions to be allocated
among the Fund and others whose assets it manages in such manner as it deems
equitable. In making such allocations among the Fund and other client
accounts, various factors may be considered, including the respective
investment objectives, the relative size of portfolio holdings of the same or
comparable securities, the availability of cash for investment, the size of
investment commitments generally held and the opinions of the persons
responsible for managing the portfolios of the Fund and other client
accounts. In the case of certain initial and secondary public offerings, the
Investment Manager may utilize a pro-rata allocation process based on the
size of the Dean Witter Funds involved and the number of shares available
from the public offering.
The policy of the Fund regarding purchases and sales of securities for its
portfolio is that primary consideration will be given to obtaining the most
favorable prices and efficient executions of transactions. Consistent with
this policy, when securities transactions are effected on a stock exchange,
the Fund's policy is to pay commissions which are considered fair and
reasonable without necessarily determining
26
<PAGE>
that the lowest possible commissions are paid in all circumstances. The Fund
believes that a requirement always to seek the lowest possible commission
cost could impede effective portfolio management and preclude the Fund and
the Investment Manager from obtaining a high quality of brokerage and
research services. In seeking to determine the reasonableness of brokerage
commissions paid in any transaction, the Investment Manager relies upon its
experience and knowledge regarding commissions generally charged by various
brokers and on its judgment in evaluating the brokerage and research services
received from the broker effecting the transaction. Such determinations are
necessarily subjective and imprecise, as in most cases an exact dollar value
for those services is not ascertainable.
In seeking to implement the Fund's policies, the Investment Manager
effects transactions with those brokers and dealers who the Investment
Manager believes provide the most favorable prices and are capable of
providing efficient executions. If the Investment Manager believes such
prices and executions are obtainable from more than one broker or dealer, it
may give consideration to placing portfolio transactions with those brokers
and dealers who also furnish research and other services to the Fund or the
Investment Manager. Such services may include, but are not limited to, any
one or more of the following: information as to the availability of
securities for purchase or sale; statistical or factual information or
opinions pertaining to investment; wire services; and appraisals or
evaluations of portfolio securities. During the fiscal year ended December
31, 1996, the Fund directed the payment of $9,885,772 in brokerage
commissions in connection with transactions in the aggregate amount of
$8,291,477,856 to brokers because of research services provided.
The information and services received by the Investment Manager from
brokers and dealers may be of benefit to the Investment Manager in the
management of accounts of some of its other clients and may not in all cases
benefit the Fund directly. While the receipt of such information and services
is useful in varying degrees and would generally reduce the amount of
research or services otherwise performed by the Investment Manager and
thereby reduce its expenses, it is of indeterminable value and the management
fee paid to the Investment Manager is not reduced by any amount that may be
attributable to the value of such services.
Pursuant to an order of the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Fund
may effect principal transactions in certain money market instruments with
DWR. The Fund will limit its transactions with DWR to U.S. Government and
Government Agency Securities, Bank Money Instruments (i.e., Certificates of
Deposit and Bankers' Acceptances) and Commercial Paper. Such transactions
will be effected with DWR only when the price available from DWR is better
than that available from other dealers. During the fiscal year ended December
31, 1995, the Fund purchased common stock issued by Morgan Stanley Group,
Inc., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc. and Lehman Brothers Inc.
which issuers were among the ten brokers or the ten dealers which executed
transactions for or with the Fund in the largest dollar amounts during the
year. At December 31, 1996, the Fund held common stock issued by Morgan
Stanley & Co. Inc., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc. and Lehman
Brothers Inc. with market values of $35,703,125, $54,197,500 and $27,296,250,
respectively.
Consistent with the policy described above, brokerage transactions in
securities listed on exchanges or admitted to unlisted trading privileges may
be effected through DWR. In order for DWR to effect any portfolio
transactions for the Fund, the commissions, fees or other remuneration
received by DWR must be reasonable and fair compared to the commissions, fees
or other remuneration paid to other brokers in connection with comparable
transactions involving similar securities being purchased or sold on an
exchange during a comparable period of time. This standard would allow DWR to
receive no more than the remuneration which would be expected to be received
by an unaffiliated broker in a commensurate arm's-length transaction.
Furthermore, the Board of Trustees of the Fund, including a majority of the
Trustees who are not "interested" persons of the Fund, as defined in the Act,
have adopted procedures which are reasonably designed to provide that any
commissions, fees or other remuneration paid to DWR are consistent with the
foregoing standard. During the fiscal years ended December 31, 1994, 1995 and
1996, the Fund paid a total of $1,210,464, $989,462 and $902,407,
respectively, in brokerage commissions to DWR. The Fund does not reduce the
management fee it pays to the Investment Manager by any amount of the
brokerage commissions it may pay to DWR. During the fiscal year ended
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<PAGE>
December 31, 1996, the brokerage commissions paid to DWR represented
approximately 8.00% of the total brokerage commissions paid by the Fund
during the year and were paid on account of transactions having an aggregate
dollar value equal to approximately 9.56% of the aggregate dollar value of
all portfolio transactions of the Fund during the year for which commissions
were paid.
THE DISTRIBUTOR
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As discussed in the Prospectus, shares of the Fund are distributed by Dean
Witter Distributors Inc. (the "Distributor"). The Distributor has entered
into a selected dealer agreement with DWR, which through its own sales
organization sells shares of the Fund. In addition, the Distributor may enter
into selected dealer agreements with other selected broker-dealers. The
Distributor, a Delaware corporation, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of DWDC.
The Board of Trustees of the Fund including a majority of the Trustees who
are not, and were not at the time they voted, interested persons of the Fund,
as defined in the Act ( the "Independent Trustees"), approved, at their
meeting held on October 30, 1992, a Distribution Agreement appointing the
Distributor as exclusive distributor of the Fund's shares and providing for
the Distributor to bear distribution expenses not borne by the Fund. The
Distribution Agreement took effect on June 30, 1993 upon the spin-off by
Sears, Roebuck and Co. of its remaining shares of DWDC. By its terms, the
Distribution Agreement had an initial term ending April 30, 1994, and
provides that it will remain in effect from year to year thereafter if
approved by the Board. At their meeting held on April 17, 1996, the Trustees,
including all of the Independent Trustees, approved the continuation of the
Distribution Agreement until April 30, 1997.
The Distributor bears all expenses it may incur in providing services
under the Distribution Agreement. Such expenses include the payment of
commissions for sales of the Fund's shares and incentive compensation to
account executives. The Distributor also pays certain expenses in connection
with the distribution of the Fund's shares, including the costs of preparing,
printing and distributing advertising or promotional materials, and the costs
of printing and distributing prospectuses and supplements thereto used in
connection with the offering and sale of the Fund's shares. The Fund bears
the costs of initial typesetting, printing and distribution of prospectuses
and supplements thereto to shareholders. The Fund also bears the costs of
registering the Fund and its shares under federal and state securities laws.
The Fund and the Distributor have agreed to indemnify each other against
certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended. Under the Distribution Agreement, the Distributor uses its best
efforts in rendering services to the Fund, but in the absence of willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its
obligations, the Distributor is not liable to the Fund or any of its
shareholders for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any act or
omission or for any losses sustained by the Fund or its shareholders.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
The Fund has adopted a Plan of Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under
the Act (the "Plan") pursuant to which the Fund pays the Distributor
compensation accrued daily and payable monthly at the annual rate of 1.0% of
the lesser of: (a) the average daily aggregate gross sales of the Fund's
shares since the inception of the plan of distribution adopted by the Fund
(the "Prior Plan") on April 30, 1984 (not including reinvestments of
dividends or capital gains distributions), less the average daily aggregate
net asset value of the Fund's shares redeemed since the Prior Plan's
inception upon which a contingent deferred sales charge has been imposed or
upon which such charge has been waived, or (b) the average daily net assets
of the Fund attributable to shares issued, net of shares redeemed, since the
inception of the Prior Plan. The Plan is substantially identical to the Prior
Plan and was adopted by the Fund solely in connection with its reorganization
as a Massachusetts business trust in April, 1987. The Plan was adopted by a
majority vote of the Board of Trustees, including all of the Independent
Trustees, none of whom had or have any direct or indirect financial interest
in the operation of the Plan, (the "Independent 12b-1 Trustees"), cast in
person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on the Plan, on April
15, 1987, and by the shareholders holding a majority, as defined in the Act,
of the outstanding shares of the Fund, at the Fund's Annual Meeting of
Stockholders held on April 21, 1987, as part of their approval of the
reorganization of the Fund as a Massachusetts business trust. The Distributor
also receives the proceeds of contingent deferred sales charges imposed on
certain redemptions of shares
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(see "Redemptions and Repurchases--Contingent Deferred Sales Charge"). The
Distributor has informed the Fund that it and/or DWR received approximately
$2,508,000, $3,588,974 and $3,792,237, in contingent deferred sales charges
for the fiscal years ended December 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively.
Under its terms, the Plan had an initial term ending December 31, 1987,
and provides that it will continue from year to year thereafter, provided
such continuance is approved annually by a vote of the Trustees in the manner
described above. Most recent continuance of the Plan for one year, until
April 30, 1997, was approved by the Board of Trustees of the Fund, including
a majority of the Independent 12b-1 Trustees, at a Board meeting held on
April 17, 1996. At that meeting, the Trustees, including a majority of the
Independent 12b-1 Trustees, also approved certain technical amendments to the
Plan in connection with recent amendments adopted by the National Association
of Securities Dealers, Inc. to its Rules of Fair Practice. Prior to approving
the continuation of the Plan, the Board requested and received from the
Distributor and reviewed all the information which it deemed necessary to
arrive at an informed determination of whether or not the Plan should be
continued. In making their determination to continue the Plan, the Trustees
considered: (1) the Fund's experience under the Plan and whether such
experience indicates that the Plan is operating as anticipated; (2) the
benefits the Fund had obtained, was obtaining and would be likely to obtain
under the Plan; and (3) what services had been provided and were continuing
to be provided under the Plan by DWR to the Fund and its shareholders. Based
upon their review, the Trustees of the Fund, including each of the
Independent Trustees, determined that continuation of the Plan would be in
the best interest of the Fund and would have a reasonable likelihood of
continuing to benefit the Fund and its shareholders. In the Trustees'
quarterly review of the Plan, they will consider its continued
appropriateness and the level of compensation provided therein.
At their meeting held on October 30, 1992, the Trustees of the Fund,
including all of the Independent 12b-1 Trustees, approved certain amendments
to the Plan which took effect in January, 1993 and were designed to reflect
the fact that upon the reorganization described above the share distribution
activities theretofore performed for the Fund by DWR were assumed by the
Distributor and DWR's sales activities are now being performed pursuant to
the terms of a selected dealer agreement between the Distributor and DWR. The
amendments provide that payments under the Plan will be made to the
Distributor rather than to DWR as before the amendment, and that the
Distributor in turn is authorized to make payments to DWR, its affiliates or
other selected broker-dealers (or direct that the Fund pay such entities
directly). The Distributor is also authorized to retain part of such fee as
compensation for its own distribution-related expenses. At their meeting held
on April 28, 1993, the Trustees, including a majority of the Independent
12b-1 Trustees, approved certain technical amendments to the Plan in
connection with recent amendments adopted by the National Association of
Securities Dealers Inc. to its Rules of Fair Practice. At their meeting held
on October 26, 1995, the Trustees of the Fund, including all of the
Independent 12b-1 Trustees, approved an amendment to the Plan to permit
payments to be made under the Plan with respect to certain distribution
expenses incurred in connection with the distribution of shares, including
personal services to shareholders with respect to holdings of such shares, of
an investment company whose assets are acquired by the Fund in a tax-free
reorganization.
The Distributor has informed the Fund that a portion of the fees payable
by the Fund each year pursuant to the Plan equal to 0.25% of the Fund's
average daily net assets is characterized as a "service fee" under the Rules
of Fair Practice of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (of
which the Distributor is a member). Such portion of the fee is a payment made
for personal service and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts. The
remaining portion of the Plan fees payable by the Fund is characterized as an
"asset-based sales charge" as defined in the aforementioned Rules of Fair
Practice.
Pursuant to the Plan and as required by Rule 12b-1, the Distributor shall
provide the Fund, for review by the Trustees, and the Trustees shall review,
quarterly, a written report of the amounts expended under the Plan and the
purpose for which such expenditures were made.
The Fund accrued $24,339,469 to the Distributor, pursuant to the Plan, for
its fiscal year ended December 31, 1996. This is an accrual at an annual rate
of 1% of the average daily aggregate gross sales of the Fund's shares since
the inception of the Prior Plan on April 30, 1984 (not including
29
<PAGE>
reinvestments of dividends or capital gains distributions), less the average
daily aggregate net asset value of the Fund's shares redeemed since the Prior
Plan's inception upon which a contingent deferred sales charge has been
imposed or upon which such charge has been waived.
The Plan was adopted in order to permit the implementation of the Fund's
method of distribution. Under this distribution method shares of the Fund are
sold without a sales load being deducted at the time of purchase, so that the
full amount of an investor's purchase payment will be invested in shares
without any deduction for sales charges. Shares of the Fund may be subject to
a contingent deferred sales charge, payable to the Distributor, if redeemed
during the six years after their purchase. DWR compensates its account
executives by paying them, from its own funds, commissions for the sale of
the Fund's shares, currently a gross sales credit of up to 5% of the amount
sold and an annual residual commission of up to 0.25 of 1% of the current
value (not including reinvested dividends or distributions) of the amount
sold. The gross sales credit is a charge which reflects commissions paid by
DWR to its account executives and DWR's Fund associated distribution-related
expenses, including sales compensation, and overhead and other branch office
distribution-related expenses including: (a) the expenses of operating DWR's
branch offices in connection with the sale of Fund shares, including lease
costs, the salaries and employee benefits of operations and sales support
personnel, utility costs, communications costs and the costs of stationery
and supplies, (b) the costs of client sales seminars, (c) travel expenses of
mutual fund sales coordinators to promote the sale of Fund shares and (d)
other expenses relating to branch promotion of Fund share sales. The
distribution fee that the Distributor receives from the Fund under the Plan,
in effect, offsets distribution expenses the Distributor incurred on behalf
of the Fund and its opportunity costs, such as the gross sales credit and an
assumed interest charge thereon ("carrying charge"). In the Distributor's
reporting of its distribution expenses to the Fund, such assumed interest
(computed at the "broker's call rate") has been calculated on the gross sales
credit as it is reduced by amounts received by DWR under the Plan and any
contingent deferred sales charges received by the Distributor upon redemption
of shares of the Fund. No other interest charge is included as a distribution
expense in the Distributor's calculation of its distribution costs for this
purpose. The broker's call rate is the interest rate charged to securities
brokers on loans secured by exchange-listed securities.
The Fund paid 100% of the $24,339,469 accrued under the Plan for the
fiscal year ended December 31, 1996 to the Distributor and DWR. The
Distributor and DWR estimate that they have spent, pursuant to the Plan,
$154,267,713 on behalf of the Fund since the inception of the Prior Plan. It
is estimated that this amount was spent in approximately the following ways:
(i) 3.90% ($6,014,066)--advertising and promotional expenses; (ii) 0.40%
($617,270)--printing of prospectuses for distribution to other than current
shareholders; and (iii) 95.70% ($147,636,377)--other expenses, including the
gross sales credit and the carrying charge, of which 6.47% ($9,556,107)
represents carrying charges, 37.57% ($55,466,844) represents commission
credits to DWR branch offices for payments of commissions to account
executives and 55.96% ($82,613,426) represents overhead and other branch
office distribution-related expenses.
At any given time, the expenses of distributing shares of the Fund may be
more or less than the total of (i) the payments made by the Fund pursuant to
the Plan and (ii) the proceeds of contingent deferred sales charges paid by
investors upon redemption of shares. DWR has advised the Fund that such
excess amount, including the carrying charge designed to approximate the
opportunity costs incurred by DWR which arise from it having advanced monies
without having received the amount of any sales charges imposed at the time
of sale of the Fund's shares, totalled $53,020,311 as of December 31, 1995.
Because there is no requirement under the Plan that the Distributor be
reimbursed for all expenses or any requirement that the Plan be continued
from year to year, this excess amount does not constitute a liability of the
Fund. Although there is no legal obligation for the Fund to pay distribution
expenses in excess of payments made to the Distributor under the Plan and the
proceeds of contingent deferred sales charges paid by investors upon
redemption of shares, if for any reason the Plan is terminated, the Trustees
will consider at that time the manner in which to treat such expenses. Any
cumulative expenses incurred, but not yet recovered through distribution fees
or contingent deferred sales charges, may or may not be recovered through
future distribution fees.
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<PAGE>
No interested person of the Fund, nor any Trustee of the Fund who is not
an interested person of the Fund, as defined in the Act, had any direct or
indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan except to the extent
that the Distributor, InterCapital, DWSC, DWR or certain of their employees
may be deemed to have such an interest as a result of benefits derived from
the successful operation of the Plan as a result of receiving a portion of
the amounts expended thereunder by the Fund.
The Plan may not be amended to increase materially the amount to be spent
for the services described therein without approval of the shareholders of
the Fund, and all material amendments of the Plan must also be approved by
the Trustees in the manner describe above. The Plan may be terminated at any
time, without payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the Trustees
who are not interested persons of the Fund and who have no direct or indirect
financial interest in the operation of the Plan, or by a vote of a majority
of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund (as defined in the Act) on
not more than thirty days' written notice to any other party to the Plan. So
long as the Plan is in effect, the election and nomination of Independent
Trustees shall be committed to the discretion of the Independent Trustees.
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value per share of the Fund is determined once daily at 4:00
p.m. New York time (or, on days when the New York Stock Exchange closes prior
to 4:00 p.m., at such earlier time) on each day that the New York Stock
Exchange is open by taking the value of all assets of the Fund, subtracting
its liabilities, dividing by the number of shares outstanding and adjusting
to the nearest cent. The New York Stock Exchange currently observes the
following holidays: New Year's Day; Presidents Day; Good Friday; Memorial
Day; Independence Day; Labor Day; Thanksgiving Day; and Christmas Day.
As stated in the Prospectus, short-term securities with remaining
maturities of sixty days or less at the time of purchase are valued at
amortized cost, unless the Trustees determine such does not reflect the
securities' market value, in which case these securities will be valued at
their fair value as determined by the Trustees. Other short-term debt
securities will be valued on a mark-to-market basis until such time as they
reach a remaining maturity of sixty days, whereupon they will be valued at
amortized cost using their value on the 61st day unless the Trustees
determine such does not reflect the securities' market value, in which case
these securities will be valued at their fair value as determined by the
Trustees. Listed options on debt securities are valued at the latest sale
price on the exchange on which they are listed unless no sales of such
options have taken place that day, in which case they will be valued at the
mean between their latest bid and asked prices. Unlisted options on debt
securities and all options on equity securities are valued at the mean
between their latest bid and asked prices. Futures are valued at the latest
sale price on the commodities exchange on which they trade unless the
Trustees determine such price does not reflect their market value, in which
case they will be valued at their fair value as determined by the Trustees.
All other securities and other assets are valued at their fair value as
determined in good faith under procedures established by and under the
supervision of the Trustees.
Generally, trading in foreign securities, as well as corporate bonds,
United States government securities and money market instruments, is
substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close of the
New York Stock Exchange. The values of such securities used in computing the
net asset value of the Fund's shares are determined as of such times. Foreign
currency exchange rates are also generally determined prior to the close of
the New York Stock Exchange. Occasionally, events which affect the values of
such securities and such exchange rates may occur between the times at which
they are determined and the close of the New York Stock Exchange and will
therefore not be reflected in the computation of the Fund's net asset value.
If events materially affecting the value of such securities occur during such
period, then these securities will be valued at their fair value as
determined in good faith under procedures established by and under the
supervision of the Trustees.
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<PAGE>
SHAREHOLDER SERVICES
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Upon the purchase of shares of the Fund, a Shareholder Investment Account
is opened for the investor on the books of the Fund and maintained by Dean
Witter Trust Company (the "Transfer Agent"). This is an open account in which
shares owned by the investor are credited by the Transfer Agent in lieu of
issuance of a share certificate. If a share certificate is desired, it must
be requested in writing for each transaction. Certificates are issued only
for full shares and may be redeposited in the account at any time. There is
no charge to the investor for issuance of a certificate. Whenever a
shareholder-instituted transaction takes place in the Shareholder Investment
Account, the shareholder will be mailed a confirmation of the transaction
from the Fund or from DWR or other selected broker-dealer.
Automatic Investment of Dividends and Distributions. As stated in the
Prospectus, all income dividends and capital gains distributions are
automatically paid in full and fractional shares of the Fund, unless the
shareholder requests that they be paid in cash. Each purchase of shares of
the Fund is made upon the condition that the Transfer Agent is thereby
automatically appointed as agent of the investor to receive all dividends and
capital gains distributions on shares owned by the investor. Such dividends
and distributions will be paid, at the net asset value per share, in shares
of the Fund (or in cash if the shareholder so requests) as of the close of
business on the record date. At any time an investor may request the Transfer
Agent, in writing, to have subsequent dividends and/or capital gains
distributions paid to him or her in cash rather than shares. To assure
sufficient time to process the change, such request should be received by the
Transfer Agent at least five business days prior to the record date of the
dividend or distribution. In the case of recently purchased shares for which
registration instructions have not been received on the record date, cash
payments will be made to DWR or other selected broker-dealer, and will be
forwarded to the shareholder, upon the receipt of proper instructions.
Targeted Dividends. (Service Mark) In states where it is legally
permissible, shareholders may also have all income dividends and capital
gains distributions automatically invested in shares of an open-end Dean
Witter Fund other than Dean Witter American Value Fund. Such investment will
be made as described above for automatic investment in shares of the Fund, at
the net asset value per share of the selected Dean Witter Fund as of the
close of business on the payment date of the dividend or distribution and
will begin to earn dividends, if any, in the selected Dean Witter Fund the
next business day. To participate in the Targeted Dividends program,
shareholders should contact their DWR or other selected broker-dealer account
executive or the Transfer Agent. Shareholders of the Fund must be
shareholders of the Dean Witter Fund targeted to receive investments from
dividends at the time they enter the Targeted Dividends program. Investors
should review the prospectus of the targeted Dean Witter Fund before entering
the program.
EasyInvest. (Service Mark) Shareholders may subscribe to EasyInvest, an
automatic purchase plan which provides for any amount from $100 to $5,000 to
be transferred automatically from a checking or savings account, on a
semi-monthly, monthly or quarterly basis, to the Transfer Agent for
investment in shares of the Fund. Shares purchased through EasyInvest will be
added to the shareholder's existing account at the net asset value calculated
the same business day the transfer of funds is effected. For further
information or to subscribe to EasyInvest, shareholders should contact their
DWR or other selected broker-dealer account executive or the Transfer Agent.
Investment of Dividends or Distributions Received in Cash. As discussed in
the Prospectus, any shareholder who receives a cash payment representing a
dividend or distribution may invest such dividend or distribution at net
asset value, without the imposition of a contingent deferred sales charge
upon redemption, by returning the check or the proceeds to the Transfer Agent
within 30 days after the payment date. If the shareholder returns the
proceeds of a dividend or distribution, such funds must be accompanied by a
signed statement indicating that the proceeds constitute a dividend or
distribution to be invested. Such investment will be made at the net asset
value per share next determined after receipt of the check or proceeds by the
Transfer Agent.
Systematic Withdrawal Plan. As discussed in the Prospectus, a systematic
withdrawal plan (the "Withdrawal Plan") is available for shareholders who own
or purchase shares of the Fund having a
32
<PAGE>
minimum value of $10,000 based upon the then current net asset value. The
Withdrawal Plan provides for monthly or quarterly (March, June, September and
December) checks in any dollar amount, not less than $25, or in any whole
percentage of the account balance, on an annualized basis.
The Transfer Agent acts as agent for the shareholder in tendering to the
Fund for redemption sufficient full and fractional shares to provide the
amount of the periodic withdrawal payment designated in the application. The
shares will be redeemed at their net asset value determined, at the
shareholder's option, on the tenth or twenty-fifth day (or next following
business day) of the relevant month or quarter and normally a check for the
proceeds will be mailed by the Transfer Agent, or amounts credited to a
shareholder's DWR brokerage account, within five business days after the date
of redemption. The Withdrawal Plan may be terminated at any time by the Fund.
Withdrawal Plan payments should not be considered as dividends, yields or
income. If periodic withdrawal plan payments continuously exceed net
investment income and net capital gains, the share holder's original
investment will be correspondingly reduced and ultimately exhausted.
Each withdrawal constitutes a redemption of shares and any gain or loss
realized must be recognized for federal income tax purposes. Although the
shareholder may make additional investments of $2,500 or more under the
Withdrawal Plan, withdrawals made concurrently with purchases of additional
shares may be inadvisable because of the contingent deferred sales charge
applicable to the redemption of shares purchased during the preceding six
years (see "Redemptions and Repurchases--Contingent Deferred Sales Charge").
Any shareholder who wishes to have payments under the Withdrawal Plan made
to a third party or sent to an address other than the one listed on the
account must send complete written instructions to the Transfer Agent to
enroll in the Withdrawal Plan. The shareholder's signature on such
instructions must be guaranteed by an eligible guarantor acceptable to the
Transfer Agent (shareholders should contact the Transfer Agent for a
determination as to whether a particular institution is such an eligible
guarantor). A shareholder may, at any time, change the amount and interval of
withdrawal payments through his or her Account Executive or by written
notification to the Transfer Agent. In addition, the party and/or the address
to which checks are mailed may be changed by written notification to the
Transfer Agent, with signature guarantees required in the manner described
above. The shareholder may also terminate the Withdrawal Plan at any time by
written notice to the Transfer Agent. In the event of such termination, the
account will be continued as a regular shareholder investment account. The
shareholder may also redeem all or part of the shares held in the Withdrawal
Plan account (see "Redemptions and Repurchases" in the Prospectus) at any
time.
Direct Investments through Transfer Agent. As discussed in the Prospectus,
a shareholder may make additional investments in Fund shares at any time by
sending a check in any amount, not less than $100, payable to Dean Witter
American Value Fund, directly to the Fund's Transfer Agent. Such amounts will
be applied to the purchase of Fund shares at the net asset value per share
next computed after receipt of the check or purchase payment by the Transfer
Agent. The shares so purchased will be credited to the investor's account.
EXCHANGE PRIVILEGE
As discussed in the Prospectus, the Fund makes available to its
shareholders an Exchange Privilege whereby shareholders of the Fund may
exchange their shares for shares of other Dean Witter Funds sold with a
contingent deferred sales charge ("CDSC funds") and for shares of Dean Witter
Short-Term U.S. Treasury Trust, Dean Witter Limited Term Municipal Trust,
Dean Witter Short-Term Bond Fund, Dean Witter Balanced Growth Fund, Dean
Witter Balanced Income Fund, Dean Witter Intermediate Term U.S. Treasury
Trust and five Dean Witter Funds which are money market funds (the foregoing
eleven non-CDSC Funds are hereinafter referred to as "Exchange Funds").
Exchanges may be made after the shares of the Fund acquired by purchase (not
by exchange or dividend reinvestment) have been held for thirty days. There
is no waiting period for exchanges of shares acquired by exchange or dividend
reinvestment. An exchange will be treated for federal income tax purposes the
same as a repurchase or redemption of shares, on which the shareholder may
realize a capital gain or loss.
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<PAGE>
Any new account established through the Exchange Privilege will have the
same registration and cash dividend or dividend reinvestment plan as the
present account, unless the Transfer Agent receives written notification to
the contrary. For telephone exchanges, the exact registration of the existing
account and the account number must be provided.
Any shares held in certificate form cannot be exchanged but must be
forwarded to the Transfer Agent and deposited into the shareholder's account
before being eligible for exchange. (Certificates mailed in for deposit
should not be endorsed.)
As described below, and in the Prospectus under the captions "Exchange
Privilege" and "Contingent Deferred Sales Charge", a contingent deferred
sales charge ("CDSC") may be imposed upon a redemption, depending on a number
of factors, including the number of years from the time of purchase until the
time of redemption or exchange ("holding period"). When shares of the Fund or
any other CDSC fund are exchanged for shares of an Exchange Fund, the
Exchange Fund is executed at no charge to the shareholder, without the
imposition of the CDSC at the time of the exchange. During the period of time
the shareholder remains in the Exchange Fund (calculated from the last day of
the month in which the Exchange Fund shares were acquired), the investment
period or "year since purchase payment made" is frozen. When shares are
redeemed out of the Exchange Fund, they will be subject to a CDSC which would
be based upon the period of time the shareholder held shares in a CDSC fund.
However, in the case of shares of the Fund exchanged into the Exchange Fund,
upon a redemption of shares which results in a CDSC being imposed, a credit
(not to exceed the amount of the CDSC) will be given in an amount equal to
the Exchange Fund 12b-1 distribution fees, if any, incurred on or after that
date which are attributable to those shares. Shareholders acquiring shares of
an Exchange Fund pursuant to this exchange privilege may exchange those
shares back into a CDSC fund from the Exchange Fund, with no CDSC being
imposed on such exchange. The investment period previously frozen when shares
were first exchanged for shares of the Exchange Fund resumes on the last day
of the month in which shares of a CDSC fund are reacquired. A CDSC is imposed
only upon an ultimate redemption, based upon the time (calculated as
described above) the shareholder was invested in a CDSC fund.
In addition, shares of the Fund may be acquired in exchange for shares of
Dean Witter Funds sold with a front-end sales charge ("front-end sales charge
funds"), but shares of the Fund, however acquired, may not be exchanged for
shares of front-end sales charge funds. Shares of a CDSC fund acquired in
exchange for shares of a front-end sales charge fund (or in exchange for
shares of other Dean Witter Funds for which shares of a front-end sales
charge fund have been exchanged) are not subject to any CDSC upon their
redemption.
When shares initially purchased in a CDSC fund are exchanged for shares of
another CDSC fund, or for shares of an Exchange Fund, the date of purchase of
the shares of the fund exchanged into, for purposes of the CDSC upon
redemption, will be the last day of the month in which the shares being
exchanged were originally purchased. In allocating the purchase payments
between funds for purposes of the CSDC, the amount which represents the
current net asset value of shares at the time of the exchange which were (i)
purchased more than three or six years (depending on the CDSC schedule
applicable to the shares) prior to the exchange, (ii) originally acquired
through reinvestment of dividends or distributions and (iii) acquired in
exchange for shares of front-end sales charge funds, or for shares of other
Dean Witter Funds for which shares of front-end sales charge funds have been
exchanged (all such shares called "Free Shares"), will be exchanged first.
Shares of the Fund acquired prior to April 30, 1984, shares of Dean Witter
Dividend Growth Securities Inc. and Dean Witter Natural Resource Development
Securities Inc. acquired prior to July 2, 1984, and shares of Dean Witter
Strategist Fund acquired prior to November 8, 1989, are also considered Free
Shares and will be the first Free Shares to be exchanged. After an exchange,
all dividends earned on shares in an Exchange Fund will be considered Free
Shares. If the exchanged amount exceeds the value of such Free Shares, an
exchange is made, on a block-by-block basis, of non-Free Shares held for the
longest period of time (except that if shares held for identical periods of
time but subject to different CDSC schedules are held in the same Exchange
Privilege account, the shares of that block that are subject to a lower CDSC
rate will be exchanged prior to the shares of that block that are subject to
a higher CDSC rate). Shares equal to any appreciation in the value of
non-Free Shares exchanged will be treated as Free Shares, and the amount
34
<PAGE>
of the purchase payments for the non-Free Shares of the fund exchanged into
will be equal to the lesser of (a) the purchase payments for, or (b) the
current net asset value of, the exchanged non-Free Shares. If an exchange
between funds would result in exchange of only part of a particular block of
non-Free Shares, then shares equal to any appreciation in the value of the
block (up to the amount of the exchange) will be treated as Free Shares and
exchanged first, and the purchase payment for that block will be allocated on
a pro rata basis between the non-Free Shares of that block to be retained and
the non-Free Shares to be exchanged. The prorated amount of such purchase
payment attributable to the retained non-Free Shares will remain as the
purchase payment for such shares, and the amount of purchase payment for the
exchanged non-Free Shares will be equal to the lesser of (a) the prorated
amount of the purchaser payment for, or (b) the current net asset value of,
those exchanged in non-Free Shares. Based upon the procedures described in
the Prospectus under the caption "Contingent Deferred Sales Charge," any
applicable CDSC will be imposed upon the ultimate redemption of shares of any
fund, regardless of the number of exchanges since those shares were
originally purchased.
With respect to the redemption or repurchase of shares of the Fund, the
application of proceeds to the purchase of new shares in the Fund or any
other of the funds and the general administration of the Exchange Privilege,
the Transfer Agent acts as agent for the Distributor and for the
shareholder's selected broker-dealer, if any, in the performance of such
functions.
With respect to exchanges, redemptions or repurchases, the Transfer Agent
shall be liable for its own negligence and not for the default or negligence
of its correspondents or for losses in transit. The Fund shall not be liable
for any default or negligence of the Transfer Agent, the Distributor or any
selected broker-dealer.
The Distributor and any selected broker-dealer have authorized and
appointed the Transfer Agent to act as their agent in connection with the
application of proceeds of any redemption of Fund shares to the purchase of
shares of any other fund and the general administration of the Exchange
Privilege. No commission or discounts will be paid to the Distributor or any
selected broker-dealer for any transactions pursuant to this Exchange
Privilege.
Exchanges are subject to the minimum investment requirement and any other
conditions imposed by each fund. (The minimum initial investment is $5,000
for Dean Witter Liquid Asset Fund Inc., Dean Witter Tax-Free Daily Income
Trust, Dean Witter California Tax-Free Daily Income Trust and Dean Witter New
York Municipal Money Market Trust although those funds may, at their
discretion, accept initial investments of as low as $1,000. The minimum
initial investment is $10,000 for Dean Witter Short-Term U.S. Treasury Trust,
although that fund, in its discretion, may accept initial purchases of as low
as $5,000. The minimum initial investment for Dean Witter Special Value Fund
is $5,000. The minimum initial investment for all other Dean Witter Funds for
which the Exchange Privilege is available is $1,000.) Upon exchange into an
Exchange Fund, the shares of that fund will be held in a special Exchange
Privilege Account separately from accounts of those shareholders who have
acquired their shares directly from that fund. As a result, certain services
normally available to shareholders of money market funds, including the check
writing feature, will not be available for funds held in that account.
The Fund and each of the other Dean Witter Funds may limit the number of
times this Exchange Privilege may be exercised by any investor within a
specified period of time. Also, the Exchange Privilege may be terminated or
revised at any time by the Fund and/or any of the Dean Witter funds for which
shares of the Fund have been exchanged, upon such notice as may be required
by applicable regulatory agencies (presently sixty days for termination or
material revision), provided that six months' prior written notice of
termination will be given to the shareholders who hold shares of Exchange
Funds, pursuant to the Exchange Privilege, and provided further that the
Exchange Privilege may be terminated or materially revised without notice at
times (a) when the New York Stock Exchange is closed for other than customary
weekends and holidays, (b) when trading on that Exchange is restricted, (c)
when an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of
securities owned by it is not reasonably practicable or it is not reasonably
practicable for the Fund fairly to determine the value of its net assets, (d)
during any other period when the Securities and Exchange Commission by order
so permits (provided that applicable rules and regulations of the Securities
and Exchange Commission shall govern as to whether the conditions prescribed
in (b) or (c) exist) or (e) if the Fund would be unable to invest amounts
effectively in accordance with its investment objective, policies and
restrictions.
35
<PAGE>
For further information regarding the Exchange Privilege, shareholders
should contact their DWR or other selected broker-dealer account executive or
the Transfer Agent.
REDEMPTIONS AND REPURCHASES
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Redemption. As stated in the Prospectus, shares of the Fund can be
redeemed for cash at any time at the net asset value per share next
determined; however, such redemption proceeds may be reduced by the amount of
any applicable contingent deferred sales charges (see below). If shares are
held in a shareholder's account without a share certificate, a written
request for redemption to the Fund's Transfer Agent at P.O. Box 983, Jersey
City, NJ 07303 is required. If certificates are held by the shareholder, the
shares may be redeemed by surrendering the certificates with a written
request for redemption. The share certificate, or an accompanying stock
power, and the request for redemption, must be signed by the shareholder or
shareholders exactly as the shares are registered. Each request for
redemption, whether or not accompanied by a share certificate, must be sent
to the Fund's Transfer Agent, which will redeem the shares at their net asset
value next computed (see "Purchase of Fund Shares") after it receives the
request, and certificate, if any, in good order. Any redemption request
received after such computation will be redeemed at the next determined net
asset value. The term "good order" means that the share certificate, if any,
and request for redemption are properly signed, accompanied by any
documentation required by the Transfer Agent, and bear signature guarantees
when required by the Fund or the Transfer Agent. If redemption is requested
by a corporation, partnership, trust or fiduciary, the Transfer Agent may
require that written evidence of authority acceptable to the Transfer Agent
be submitted before such request is accepted.
Whether certificates are held by the shareholder or shares are held in a
shareholder's account, if the proceeds are to be paid to any person other
than the record owner, or if the proceeds are to be paid to a corporation
(other than the Distributor or a selected broker-dealer for the account of
the shareholder), partnership, trust or fiduciary, or sent to the shareholder
at an address other than the registered address, signatures must be
guaranteed by an eligible guarantor acceptable to the Transfer Agent
(shareholders should contact the Transfer Agent for a determination as to
whether a particular institution is such an eligible guarantor). A stock
power may be obtained from any dealer or commercial bank. The Fund may change
the signature guarantee requirements from time to time upon notice to
shareholders, which may be by means of a supplement to the prospectus or a
new prospectus.
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge. As stated in the Prospectus, a
contingent deferred sales charge ("CDSC") will be imposed on any redemption
by an investor if after such redemption the current value of the investor's
shares of the Fund is less than the dollar amount of all payments by the
shareholder for the purchase of Fund shares during the preceding six years.
However, no CDSC will be imposed to the extent that the net asset value of
the shares redeemed does not exceed: (a) the current net asset value of
shares purchased more than six years prior to the redemption, plus (b) the
current net asset value of shares purchased through reinvestment of dividends
or distributions of the Fund or another Dean Witter Fund (see "Shareholder
Services--Targeted Dividends"), plus (c) the current net asset value of
shares acquired in exchange for (i) shares of Dean Witter front-end sales
charge funds, or (ii) shares of other Dean Witter Funds for which shares of
front-end sales charge funds have been exchanged (see "Shareholder
Services--Exchange Privilege"), plus (d) increases in the net asset value of
the investor's shares above the total amount of payments for the purchase of
Fund shares made during the preceding six years. In addition, no CDSC will be
imposed on redemptions of shares which were purchased by the employee benefit
plans established by DWR and SPS Transaction Services, Inc. (an affiliate of
DWR) for their employees as qualified under Section 401(k) of the Internal
Revenue Code. The CDSC will be paid to the Distributor.
In determining the applicability of a CDSC to each redemption, the amount
which represents an increase in the net asset value of the investor's shares
above the amount of the total payments for the purchase of shares within the
last six years will be redeemed first. In the event the redemption amount
exceeds such increase in value, the next portion of the amount redeemed will
be the amount which represents the net asset value of the Investor's shares
purchased more than six years prior to the redemption and/or shares purchased
through reinvestment of dividends or distributions and/or shares
36
<PAGE>
acquired in exchange for shares of Dean Witter front-end sales charge funds,
or for shares of other Dean Witter funds for which shares of front-end sales
charge funds have been exchanged. A portion of the amount redeemed which
exceeds an amount which represents both such increase in value and the value
of shares purchased more than six years prior to the redemption and/or shares
purchased through reinvestment of dividends or distributions and/or shares
acquired in the above-described exchanges will be subject to a CDSC.
The amount of CDSC, if any, will vary depending on the number of years
from the time of payment for the purchase of Fund shares until the time of
redemption of such shares. For purposes of determining the number of years
from the time of any payments for the purchase of shares, all payments made
during a month will be aggregated and deemed to have been made on the last
day of the month. The following table sets forth the rates of the CDSC:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CONTINGENT DEFERRED
YEAR SINCE SALES CHARGE
PURCHASE AS A PERCENTAGE OF
PAYMENT MADE AMOUNT REDEEMED
- -------------------------- -----------------------
<S> <C>
First...................... 5.0%
Second..................... 4.0%
Third...................... 3.0%
Fourth..................... 2.0%
Fifth...................... 2.0%
Sixth...................... 1.0%
Seventh and thereafter .... None
</TABLE>
In determining the rate of the CDSC, it will be assumed that a redemption
is made of shares held by the investor for the longest period of time within
the applicable six-year period. This will result in any such CDSC being
imposed at the lowest possible rate. Accordingly, shareholders may redeem,
without incurring any CDSC, amounts equal to any net increase in the value of
their shares above the amount of their purchase payments made within the past
six years and amounts equal to the current value of shares purchased more
than six years prior to the redemption and shares purchased through
reinvestment of dividends or distributions or acquired in exchange for shares
of Dean Witter front-end sales charge funds, or for shares of other Dean
Witter Funds for which shares of front-end sales charge funds have been
exchanged. The CDSC will be imposed, in accordance with the table shown
above, on any redemptions within six years of purchase which are in excess of
these amounts and which redemptions are not (a) requested within one year of
death or initial determination of disability of a shareholder, or (b) made
pursuant to certain taxable distributions from retirement plans or retirement
accounts, as described in the Prospectus.
Payment for Shares Redeemed or Repurchased. As discussed in the
Prospectus, payment for shares presented for repurchase or redemption will be
made by check within seven days after receipt by the Transfer Agent of the
certificate and/or written request in good order. The term good order means
that the share certificate, if any, and request for redemption are properly
signed, accompanied by any documentation required by the Transfer Agent, and
bear signature guarantees when required by the Fund or Transfer Agent. Such
payment may be postponed or the right of redemption suspended at times (a)
when the New York Stock Exchange is closed for other than customary weekends
and holidays, (b) when trading on that Exchange is restricted, (c) when an
emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of securities
owned by it is not reasonably practicable or it is not reasonably practicable
for the Fund fairly to determine the value of its net assets, or (d) during
any other period when the Securities and Exchange Commission by order so
permits; provided that applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and
Exchange Commission shall govern as to whether the conditions prescribed in
(b) or (c) exist. If the shares to be redeemed have recently been purchased
by check, payment of the redemption proceeds may be delayed for the minimum
time needed to verify that the check used for investment has been honored
(not more than fifteen days from the time of receipt of the check by the
Transfer Agent). Shareholders maintaining margin accounts with DWR or another
selected broker-dealer are referred to their account executive regarding
restrictions on redemption of shares of the Fund pledged in the margin
account.
37
<PAGE>
Transfers of Shares. In the event a shareholder requests a transfer of any
shares to a new registration, such shares will be transferred without sales
charge at the time of transfer. With regard to the status of shares which are
either subject to the contingent deferred sales charge or free of such charge
(and with regard to the length of time shares subject to the charge have been
held), any transfer involving less than all of the shares in an account will
be made on a pro-rata basis (that is, by transferring shares in the same
proportion that the transferred shares bear to the total shares in the
account immediately prior to the transfer). The transferred shares will
continue to be subject to any applicable contingent deferred sales charge as
if they had not been so transferred.
Reinstatement Privilege. As discussed in the Prospectus, a shareholder who
has had his or her shares redeemed or repurchased and has not previously
exercised this reinstatement privilege may, within thirty days after the date
of redemption or repurchase, reinstate any portion or all of the proceeds of
such redemption or repurchase in shares of the Fund at the net asset value
next determined after a reinstatement request, together with the proceeds, is
received by the Transfer Agent.
Exercise of the reinstatement privilege will not affect the federal income
tax treatment of any gain or loss realized upon the redemption or repurchase,
except that if the redemption or repurchase resulted in a loss and
reinstatement is made in shares of the Fund, some or all of the loss,
depending on the amount reinstated, will not be allowed as a deduction for
federal income tax purposes but will be applied to adjust the cost basis of
the shares acquired upon reinstatement.
DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
As discussed in the Prospectus under "Dividends, Distributions and Taxes,"
the Fund will determine either to distribute or to retain all or part of any
net long-term capital gains in any year for reinvestment. If any such gains
are retained, the Fund will pay federal income tax thereon, and shareholders
at year-end will be able to claim their share of the tax paid by the Fund as
a credit against their individual federal income tax.
Because the Fund intends to distribute all of its net investment income
and capital gains to shareholders and otherwise continue to qualify as a
regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code,
it is not expected that the Fund will be required to pay any federal income
tax. Shareholders will normally have to pay federal income taxes, and any
state income taxes, on the dividends and distributions they receive from the
Fund. Such dividends and distributions, to the extent that they are derived
from the net investment income or short-term capital gains, are taxable to
the shareholder as ordinary income regardless of whether the shareholder
receives such payments in additional shares or in cash. Any dividends
declared in the last quarter of any calendar year which are paid in the
following calendar year prior to February 1 will be deemed received by the
shareholder in the prior calendar year. Dividend payments will be eligible
for the federal dividends received deduction available to the Fund's
corporate shareholders only to the extent the aggregate dividends received by
the Fund would be eligible for the deduction if the Fund were the shareholder
claiming the dividends received deduction. In this regard, a 46-day holding
period generally must be met.
Gains or losses on the Fund's transactions in listed non-equity options,
futures and options on futures generally are treated as 60% long-term and 40%
short-term. When the Fund engages in options and futures transactions,
various tax regulations applicable to the Fund may have the effect of causing
the Fund to recognize a gain or loss for tax purposes before the gain or loss
is realized, or to defer recognition of a realized loss for tax purposes.
Recognition, for taxes purposes, of an unrealized loss may result in a lesser
amount of the Fund's realized gains being available for annual distribution.
Gains or losses on sales of securities by the Fund will be long-term
capital gains or losses if the securities have a tax holding period of more
than twelve months. Gains or losses on the sale of securities with a tax
holding period of twelve months or less will be short-term gains or losses.
One of the requirements for the Fund to remain qualified as a regulated
investment company is that less than 30% of its gross income be derived from
gains from the sale or other disposition of securities held for less than
three months. Accordingly, the Fund may be restricted in the writing of
options on
38
<PAGE>
securities held for less than three months, in the writing of options which
expire in less than three months, and in effecting closing transactions with
respect to call or put options which have been written or purchased less than
three months prior to such transactions. The Fund may also be restricted in
its ability to engage in transactions involving futures contracts.
As stated under "Investment Practices and Policies," the Fund may invest
up to 35% of its portfolio in securities other than common stocks, including
U.S. Government securities. Under current federal tax law, the Fund will
receive net investment income in the form of interest by virtue of holding
Treasury bills, notes and bonds, and will recognize income attributable to it
from holding zero coupon Treasury securities. Current federal tax law
requires that a holder (such as the Fund) of a zero coupon security accrue a
portion of the discount at which the security was purchased as income each
year even though the Fund receives no interest payment in cash on the
security during the year. As an investment company, the Fund must pay out
substantially all of its net investment income each year. Accordingly, the
Fund, to the extent it invests in zero coupon Treasury securities, may be
required to pay out as an income distribution each year an amount which is
greater than the total amount of cash receipts of interest the Fund actually
received. Such distributions will be made from the available cash of the Fund
or by liquidation of portfolio securities if necessary. If a distribution of
cash necessitates the liquidation of portfolio securities, the Investment
Manager will select which securities to sell. The Fund may realize a gain or
loss from such sales. In the event the Fund realizes net capital gains from
such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain
distribution, if any, than they would in the absence of such transactions.
Any dividend or capital gains distribution received by a shareholder from
any investment company will have the effect of reducing the net asset value
of the shareholder's stock in that company by the exact amount of the
dividend or capital gains distribution. Furthermore, capital gains
distributions and some portion of the dividends are subject to federal income
taxes. If the net asset value of the shares should be reduced below a
shareholder's cost as a result of the payment of dividends or the
distribution of realized long-term capital gains, such payment or
distribution would be in part a return of capital but nonetheless would be
taxable to the shareholder. Therefore, an investor should consider the tax
implications of purchasing Fund shares immediately prior to a distribution
record date.
Shareholders are urged to consult their attorneys or tax advisers
regarding specific questions as to federal, state or local taxes.
PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
As discussed in the Prospectus, from time to time the Fund may quote its
"total return" in advertisements and sales literature. The Fund's "average
annual total return" represents an annualization of the Fund's total return
over a particular period and is computed by finding the annual percentage
rate which will result in the ending redeemable value of a hypothetical
$1,000 investment made at the beginning of a one, five or ten year period, or
for the period from the date of commencement of operations, if shorter than
any of the foregoing. The ending redeemable value is reduced by any
contingent deferred sales charge at the end of the one, five or ten year or
other period. For the purpose of this calculation, it is assumed that all
dividends and distributions are reinvested. The formula for computing the
average annual total return involves a percentage obtained by dividing the
ending redeemable value by the amount of the initial investment, taking a
root of the quotient (where the root is equivalent to the number of years in
the period) and subtracting 1 from the result.
The average annual total returns of the Fund for the one, five and ten
year periods ended December 31, 1996, were 5.56%, 12.31% and 14.87%,
respectively.
In addition to the foregoing, the Fund may advertise its total return over
different periods of time by means of aggregate, average, year-by-year or
other types to total return figures. Such calculations may or may not reflect
the deduction of the contingent deferred sales charge which, if reflected,
would reduce the performance quoted. For example, the average annual total
return of the Fund may be calculated in the manner described above, but
without deduction for any applicable contingent deferred sales charge. Based
on this calculation, the average annual total returns of the Fund for the
one, five and ten year periods ended December 31, 1996, were 10.53%, 12.56%
and 14.87%, respectively.
39
<PAGE>
In addition, the Fund may compute its aggregate total return for specified
periods by determining the aggregate percentage rate which will result in the
ending value of a hypothetical $1,000 investment made at the beginning of the
period. For the purpose of this calculation, it is assumed that all dividends
and distributions are reinvested. The formula for computing aggregate total
return involves a percentage obtained by dividing the ending value (without
reduction for any contingent deferred sales charge) by the initial $1,000
investment and subtracting 1 from the result. Based on the foregoing
calculation, the Fund's total return for the one, five and ten year period
ended December 31, 1996, were 10.53%, 80.66% and 299.86%.
The Fund may also advertise the growth of hypothetical investments of
$10,000, $50,000 and $100,000 in shares of the Fund by adding 1 to the Fund's
aggregate total return to date (expressed as a decimal and without taking
into account the effect of any applicable CDSC) and multiplying by $10,000,
$50,000 or $100,000, as the case may be. Investments of $10,000, $50,000 and
$100,000 in the Fund at inception would have grown to $94,664 $473,320 and
$946,640, respectively, at December 31, 1996.
The Fund from time to time may also advertise its performance relative to
certain performance rankings and indexes compiled by independent
organizations.
SHARES OF THE FUND
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
The shareholders of the Fund are entitled to a full vote for each full
share of beneficial interest held. The Fund is authorized to issue an
unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest. All of the Trustees of the
Fund except for Messrs. Bozic, Purcell and Schroeder have been elected by the
Shareholders of the Fund at a Special Meeting of Shareholders held on January
13, 1993. Messrs. Bozic, Purcell and Schroeder were elected by the other
Trustees of the Fund on April 8, 1994. The Trustees themselves have the power
to alter the number and the terms of office of the Trustees (as provided for
in the Declaration of Trust), and they may at any time lengthen or shorten
their own terms or make their terms of unlimited duration and appoint their
own successors, provided that always at least a majority of the Trustees has
been elected by the shareholders of the Fund. Under certain circumstances the
Trustees may be removed by action of the Trustees. The shareholders also have
the right under certain circumstances to remove the Trustees. The voting
rights of shareholders are not cumulative, so that holders of more than 50
percent of the shares voting can, if they choose, elect all Trustees being
selected, while the holders of the remaining shares would be unable to elect
any Trustees.
The Declaration of Trust permits the Trustees to authorize the creation of
additional series of shares (the proceeds of which would be invested in
separate, independently managed portfolios) and additional classes of shares
within any series (which would be used to distinguish among the rights of
different categories of shareholders, as might be required by future
regulations or other unforeseen circumstances). The Trustees have not
currently authorized any such additional series or classes of shares.
The Declaration of Trust further provides that no Trustee, officer,
employee or agent of the Fund is liable to the Fund or to a shareholder, nor
is any Trustee, officer, employee or agent liable to any third persons in
connection with the affairs of the Fund, except as such liability may arise
from his/her or its own bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or
reckless disregard of his/her or its duties. It also provides that all third
persons shall look solely to the Fund property for satisfaction of claims
arising in connection with the affairs of the Fund. With the exceptions
stated, the Declaration of Trust provides that a Trustee, officer, employee
or agent is entitled to be indemnified against all liability in connection
with the affairs of the Fund.
The Fund is authorized to issue an unlimited number of shares of
beneficial interest.
The Fund shall be of unlimited duration subject to the provisions in the
Declaration of Trust concerning termination by action of the shareholders or
the Trustees.
40
<PAGE>
CUSTODIAN AND TRANSFER AGENT
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Bank of New York, 90 Washington Street, New York, New York 10286 is
the Custodian of the Fund's assets. Any of the Fund's cash balances with the
Custodian in excess of $100,000 are unprotected by federal deposit insurance.
Such balances may, at times, be substantial.
Dean Witter Trust Company, Harborside Financial Center, Plaza Two, Jersey
City, New Jersey 07311 is the Transfer Agent of the Fund's shares and
Dividend Disbursing Agent for payment of dividends and distributions on Fund
shares and Agent for shareholders under various investment plans described
herein. Dean Witter Trust Company is an affiliate of Dean Witter InterCapital
Inc., the Fund's Investment Manager and Dean Witter Distributors Inc., the
Fund's Distributor. As Transfer Agent and Dividend Disbursing Agent, Dean
Witter Trust Company's responsibilities include maintaining shareholder
accounts, disbursing cash dividends and reinvesting dividends, processing
account registration changes, handling purchase and redemption transactions,
mailing prospectuses and reports, mailing and tabulating proxies, processing
share certificate transactions, and maintaining shareholder records and
lists. For these services Dean Witter Trust Company receives a per
shareholder account fee from the Fund.
INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Price Waterhouse LLP serves as the independent accountants of the Fund.
The independent accountants are responsible for auditing the annual financial
statements of the Fund.
REPORTS TO SHAREHOLDERS
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Fund will send to shareholders, at least semi-annually, reports
showing the Fund's portfolio and other information. An annual report,
containing financial statements audited by independent accountants, will be
sent to shareholders each year.
The Fund's fiscal year is the calendar year. The financial statements of
the Fund must be audited at least once a year by independent accountants
whose selection is made annually by the Fund's Board of Trustees.
LEGAL COUNSEL
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Barry Fink, Esq., who is an officer and the General Counsel of the
Investment Manager, is an officer and the General Counsel of the Fund.
EXPERTS
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
The financial statements of the Fund for the fiscal year ended December
31, 1995 included in the Statement of Additional Information and incorporated
by reference in the Prospectus have been so included and incorporated in
reliance on the report of Price Waterhouse LLP, independent accountants,
given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
This Statement of Additional Information and the Prospectus do not contain
all of the information set forth in the Registration Statement the Fund has
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The complete Registration
Statement may be obtained from the Securities and Exchange Commission upon
payment of the fee prescribed by the rules and regulations of the Commission.
41
<PAGE>
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS December 31, 1996
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF
SHARES VALUE
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
COMMON STOCKS (92.8%)
Agriculture Related (4.7%)
685,000 Archer-Daniels-Midland Co. ...................................... $ 15,070,000
Dekalb Genetics Corp.
196,400 (Class B) ...................................................... 9,967,300
315,000 Delta & Pine Land Co. ........................................... 10,080,000
270,000 IMC Global, Inc. ............................................... 10,563,750
1,230,000 Monsanto Co. .................................................... 47,816,250
85,000 Mycogen Corp.* .................................................. 1,785,000
Pioneer Hi-Bred
437,000 International, Inc. ............................................ 30,590,000
150,000 Potash Corp. of Saskatchewan, Inc. (Canada) ................... 12,750,000
200,000 Tyson Foods, Inc. (Class A) ..................................... 6,825,000
--------------
145,447,300
--------------
Apparel & Footwear (0.9%)
274,300 Jones Apparel Group, Inc.* ...................................... 10,251,962
400,000 Reebok International Ltd. (United Kingdom) ..................... 16,800,000
--------------
27,051,962
--------------
Auto Related (0.8%)
450,000 General Motors Corp. ............................................ 25,087,500
--------------
Banks (7.8%)
445,000 Bank of Boston Corp. ............................................ 28,591,250
340,000 BankAmerica Corp. ............................................... 33,915,000
370,000 Chase Manhattan Corp. .......................................... 33,022,500
378,000 Citicorp ........................................................ 38,934,000
450,000 First Chicago NBD Corp. ........................................ 24,187,500
482,700 Mellon Bank Corp. .............................................. 34,271,700
350,000 NationsBank Corp. .............................................. 34,212,500
400,000 PNC Bank Corp. ................................................. 15,050,000
--------------
242,184,450
--------------
Basic Cyclicals (1.9%)
250,000 Aluminum Co. of America ......................................... 15,937,500
200,000 Crown Cork & Seal Co., Inc. ..................................... 10,875,000
185,000 Du Pont (E.I.) de Nemours & Co. ................................ 17,459,375
200,000 RMI Titanium Co.* ............................................... 5,625,000
300,000 Titanium Metals Corp.* .......................................... 9,787,500
--------------
59,684,375
--------------
Biotechnology (3.5%)
513,000 Biochem Pharma, Inc.* ........................................... $ 25,585,875
875,000 Biogen, Inc.* ................................................... 33,687,500
1,251,000 Centocor, Inc.* ................................................. 44,723,250
124,500 IDEC Pharmaceuticals Corp.* 2,941,312
--------------
106,937,937
--------------
Capital Goods (3.2%)
417,000 Boeing Co. ...................................................... 44,358,375
450,000 Honeywell, Inc. ................................................. 29,587,500
405,000 United Technologies Corp. ...................................... 26,730,000
--------------
100,675,875
--------------
Communications Equipment (7.4%)
400,000 3Com Corp.* ..................................................... 29,300,000
158,000 ADC Telecommunications, Inc.* .................................. 4,898,000
246,500 Adtran, Inc.* ................................................... 10,229,750
14,800 Advanced Fibre Communications, Inc.* ........................... 823,250
395,000 Andrew Corp.* ................................................... 20,935,000
150,000 Ascend Communications, Inc.* ................................... 9,300,000
585,000 Cisco Systems, Inc.* ............................................ 37,220,625
700,000 Ericsson (L.M.) Telephone Co. (Class B)(ADR) (Sweden) ......... 21,087,500
545,000 Lucent Technologies, Inc. ...................................... 25,206,250
465,000 Newbridge Networks Corp.* (Canada) ............................. 13,136,250
720,000 Pairgain Technologies, Inc.* .................................... 21,870,000
330,000 Tellabs, Inc.* .................................................. 12,416,250
235,000 U.S. Robotics Corp.* ............................................ 16,920,000
100,000 Uniphase Corp.* ................................................. 5,250,000
--------------
228,592,875
--------------
<PAGE>
Computer Equipment (5.9%)
435,000 COMPAQ Computer Corp.* .......................................... 32,298,750
942,000 Dell Computer Corp.* ............................................ 50,043,750
1,200,000 EMC Corp.* ...................................................... 39,750,000
200,000 Gateway 2000, Inc.* ............................................. 10,700,000
170,000 Quantum Corp.* .................................................. 4,823,750
900,000 Seagate Technology, Inc.* ....................................... 35,550,000
150,000 Western Digital Corp.* .......................................... 8,531,250
--------------
181,697,500
--------------
SEE NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
42
<PAGE>
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS December 31, 1996, continued
NUMBER OF
SHARES VALUE
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Computer Services (1.3%)
Gartner Group, Inc.
350,000 (Class A)* ..................................................... $ 13,606,250
200,000 Keane, Inc.* .................................................... 6,350,000
111,000 Reuters Holdings PLC (ADR) (United Kingdom) .................... 8,491,500
215,000 Transaction Systems Architects, Inc. (Class A)* ................ 7,041,250
200,000 Vanstar Corp.* .................................................. 4,900,000
--------------
40,389,000
--------------
Computer Software (5.0%)
350,000 BMC Software, Inc.* ............................................. 14,481,250
255,000 Computer Associates International, Inc. ....................... 12,686,250
75,000 Learning Tree International, Inc.* ............................. 2,193,750
890,000 Microsoft Corp.* ................................................ 73,536,250
50,000 Parametric Technology Corp.* ................................... 2,568,750
600,000 Peoplesoft, Inc.* ............................................... 28,725,000
284,900 Rational Software Corp.* ........................................ 11,182,325
160,000 Veritas Software Co.* ........................................... 7,880,000
--------------
153,253,575
--------------
Consumer -Noncyclical (1.4%)
344,600 Avon Products, Inc. ............................................. 19,685,275
150,000 Colgate-Palmolive Co. ........................................... 13,837,500
Nu Skin Asia Pacific Inc.
10,200 (Class A)* ..................................................... 314,925
100,000 Procter & Gamble Co. ........................................... 10,750,000
--------------
44,587,700
--------------
Consumer Business Services (1.6%)
BA Merchant Services, Inc.
44,200 (Class A)* ..................................................... 790,075
120,000 Computer Sciences Corp.* ........................................ 9,855,000
300,000 Diebold, Inc. ................................................... 18,862,500
290,400 National Education Corp.* ....................................... 4,428,600
580,000 Service Corp. International ..................................... 16,240,000
--------------
50,176,175
--------------
Consumer Products (1.1%)
261,000 Callaway Golf Company ........................................... 7,503,750
340,000 Kroger Co.* ..................................................... 15,810,000
280,000 Safeway, Inc.* .................................................. 11,970,000
--------------
35,283,750
--------------
Drugs (4.2%)
380,000 Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. ....................................... $ 41,325,000
373,300 Dura Pharmaceuticals, Inc.* ..................................... 17,778,412
530,000 Lilly (Eli) & Co. .............................................. 38,690,000
415,000 Warner-Lambert Co. .............................................. 31,125,000
--------------
128,918,412
--------------
Energy (8.7%)
345,000 Apache Corp. .................................................... 12,204,375
600,000 Baker Hughes, Inc. .............................................. 20,700,000
150,800 BJ Services Co.* ................................................ 7,690,800
240,000 British Petroleum Co. PLC (ADR)(United Kingdom) ................ 33,930,000
290,000 Chesapeake Energy Corp.* ........................................ 16,131,250
60,000 Cooper Cameron Corp.* ........................................... 4,590,000
303,400 Diamond Offshore Drilling, Inc.* ............................... 17,293,800
100,000 ENSCO International, Inc.* ...................................... 4,850,000
440,000 Global Marine, Inc.* ............................................ 9,075,000
294,000 Louisiana Land & Exploration Co. .............................. 15,765,750
69,000 Marine Drilling Company, Inc.* ................................. 1,354,125
400,000 Noble Drilling Corp.* ........................................... 7,950,000
530,000 Reading & Bates Corp.* .......................................... 14,045,000
150,000 Rowan Companies, Inc.* .......................................... 3,393,750
370,000 Schlumberger, Ltd. .............................................. 36,953,750
242,000 Smith International, Inc.* ...................................... 10,859,750
155,000 Texaco, Inc. ................................................... 15,209,375
250,000 Transocean Offshore, Inc. ...................................... 15,656,250
350,000 Unocal Corp. .................................................... 14,218,750
120,000 Western Atlas, Inc.* ............................................ 8,505,000
--------------
270,376,725
--------------
<PAGE>
Entertainment/Gaming & Lodging (2.8%)
240,000 HFS, Inc.* ...................................................... 14,340,000
950,000 Hilton Hotels Corp. ............................................ 24,818,750
482,000 International Game Technology .................................. 8,796,500
534,700 MGM Grand, Inc.* ................................................ 18,647,663
800,000 Mirage Resorts, Inc.* ........................................... 17,300,000
280,000 Sodak Gaming, Inc.* ............................................. 4,200,000
--------------
88,102,913
--------------
SEE NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
43
<PAGE>
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS December 31, 1996, continued
NUMBER OF
SHARES VALUE
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Financial -Miscellaneous (8.3%)
300,000 American Express Co. ............................................ $ 16,950,000
246,000 Countrywide Credit Industries, Inc. ........................... 7,041,750
137,700 Crescent Real Estate Equities, Inc. ........................... 7,263,675
355,000 Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp. ............................... 39,094,375
1,100,000 Federal National Mortgage Assoc. .............................. 40,975,000
870,000 Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc. ................................. 27,296,250
665,000 Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. ....................................... 54,197,500
150,000 MGIC Investment Corp. ........................................... 11,400,000
625,000 Morgan Stanley Group, Inc. ...................................... 35,703,125
570,000 Paine Webber Group Inc. ......................................... 16,031,250
41,000 PMI Group, Inc. ................................................. 2,270,375
--------------
258,223,300
--------------
Healthcare Products & Services (0.7%)
Health Management Associates, Inc.
720,000 (Class A)* ..................................................... 16,200,000
26,500 PhyCor, Inc.* ................................................... 745,313
73,700 Shared Medical Systems Corp. ................................... 3,620,513
--------------
20,565,826
--------------
Insurance (3.4%)
100,000 Ace, Ltd. (Bermuda) ............................................. 6,012,500
400,000 Allstate Corp. .................................................. 23,150,000
555,000 Conseco Inc. .................................................... 35,381,250
190,200 Exel Ltd. (Bermuda) ............................................. 7,203,825
360,000 SunAmerica Inc. ................................................. 15,975,000
400,000 Travelers Group, Inc. ........................................... 18,150,000
--------------
105,872,575
--------------
Internet (1.0%)
670,000 America Online, Inc.* ........................................... 22,277,500
107,000 Netscape Communications Corp.* ................................. 6,072,250
96,000 Security Dynamics Technologies, Inc.* .......................... 3,012,000
--------------
31,361,750
--------------
Media Group (2.4%)
38,000 Chancellor Broadcasting Co. (Class A)* ......................... 893,000
401,400 Clear Channel Communications, Inc.* ............................ 14,500,575
425,000 Evergreen Media Corp. (Class A)* ............................... $ 10,518,750
509,000 Infinity Broadcasting Corp. (Class A)* ......................... 17,115,125
469,000 Lin Television Corp.* ........................................... 19,698,000
5,000 Telemundo Group, Inc. (Class A)* ............................... 143,125
325,600 Univision Communications, Inc. (Class A)* ...................... 12,047,200
--------------
74,915,775
--------------
Medical Supplies (1.9%)
395,000 Boston Scientific Corp.* ........................................ 23,700,000
305,000 Guidant Corp. .................................................. 17,385,000
257,200 Medtronic, Inc. ................................................. 17,489,600
--------------
58,574,600
--------------
Restaurants (0.9%)
400,000 Boston Chicken, Inc.* ........................................... 14,300,000
440,000 Starbucks Corp.* ................................................ 12,540,000
--------------
26,840,000
--------------
Retail (3.2%)
700,000 Dayton-Hudson Corp. ............................................. 27,475,000
51,600 Eagle Hardware & Garden, Inc.* ................................. 1,064,250
325,000 Federated Department Stores, Inc.* ............................. 11,090,625
100,000 Gucci Group NV (Italy) .......................................... 6,387,500
450,000 Home Depot, Inc. ............................................... 22,556,250
710,000 Price/Costco, Inc.* ............................................. 17,838,750
340,000 Tiffany & Co. .................................................. 12,452,500
--------------
98,864,875
--------------
<PAGE>
Semiconductors (8.5%)
460,000 Altera Corp.* ................................................... 33,407,500
500,000 Analog Devices, Inc.* ........................................... 16,937,500
700,000 Applied Materials, Inc.* ........................................ 25,112,500
300,000 Atmel Corp.* .................................................... 9,937,500
385,000 Intel Corp. ..................................................... 50,386,875
700,000 KLA Instruments Corp.* .......................................... 24,762,500
657,000 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.* ............................... 28,415,250
445,000 Microchip Technology, Inc.* ..................................... 22,583,750
865,000 Micron Technology, Inc. ......................................... 25,193,125
200,000 Novellus Systems, Inc.* ......................................... 10,825,000
150,000 Tencor Instruments* ............................................. 3,956,250
250,000 Vitesse Semiconductor Corp.* ................................... 11,375,000
--------------
262,892,750
--------------
SEE NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
44
<PAGE>
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS December 31, 1996, continued
NUMBER OF
SHARES VALUE
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Telecommunications (0.2%)
200,000 Teleport Communications Group Inc. (Class A)* .................. $ 6,075,536
--------------
Transportation (0.1%)
243,600 OMI Corp.* ...................................................... 2,131,500
46,000 Teekay Shipping Corp. ........................................... 1,506,500
--------------
3,638,000
--------------
TOTAL COMMON STOCKS
(Identified Cost $2,607,849,373) 2,876,273,011
--------------
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PRINCIPAL
AMOUNT IN
THOUSANDS
- -----------
<S> <C> <C>
U.S. GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS (2.9%)
$277,000 U.S. Treasury Strip
0.00% due 05/15/19 ............................................. 59,926,180
140,000 U.S. Treasury Strip
0.00% due 08/15/19 ............................................. 29,772,400
--------------
TOTAL U.S. GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS
(Identified Cost $88,481,454) ................................... 89,698,580
--------------
SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS (3.6%)
U.S. GOVERNMENT AGENCY (a)(3.2%)
100,000 Federal Home Loan Bank
6.50% due 01/02/97 (Amortized cost $99,981,945) .............. 99,981,945
--------------
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PRINCIPAL
AMOUNT IN
THOUSANDS VALUE
- ----------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C>
REPURCHASE AGREEMENT (0.4%)
$10,736 The Bank of New York
5.375% due 01/02/97
(dated 12/31/96; proceeds $10,739,434; collateralized by
$10,959,010
U.S. Treasury Note
5.375% due 05/31/98 valued at $10,950,953) (Identified Cost
$10,736,228) ................................................... $ 10,736,228
--------------
TOTAL SHORT-TERM
INVESTMENTS
(Identified Cost $110,718,173) 110,718,173
--------------
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C>
TOTAL INVESTMENTS
(Identified Cost $2,807,049,000) (b) 99.3% 3,076,689,764
OTHER ASSETS IN EXCESS OF
LIABILITIES......................... 0.7 22,160,719
-------- ---------------
NET ASSETS ......................... 100.0% $3,098,850,483
======== ===============
</TABLE>
- ------------
ADR American Depository Receipt.
* Non-income producing security.
(a) Security was purchased on a discount basis. The interest rate shown
has been adjusted to reflect a money market equivalent yield.
(b) The aggregate cost for federal income tax purposes approximates
identified cost. The aggregate gross unrealized appreciation is
$332,910,220 and the aggregate gross unrealized depreciation is
$63,269,456, resulting in net unrealized appreciation of
$269,640,764.
SEE NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
45
<PAGE>
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
DECEMBER 31, 1996
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
ASSETS:
Investments in securities, at value
(identified cost $2,807,049,000).......... $3,076,689,764
Receivable for:
Investments sold ......................... 34,934,696
Shares of beneficial interest sold ...... 4,923,729
Dividends................................. 1,113,675
Foreign withholding taxes reclaimed ...... 7,459
Interest.................................. 1,611
Prepaid expenses and other assets.......... 49,231
--------------
TOTAL ASSETS............................. 3,117,720,165
--------------
LIABILITIES:
Payable for:
Investments purchased..................... 11,000,900
Shares of beneficial interest
repurchased............................... 2,541,048
Plan of distribution fee.................. 2,394,402
Investment management fee................. 1,378,857
Distributions to shareholders............. 883,534
Accrued expenses........................... 670,941
--------------
TOTAL LIABILITIES........................ 18,869,682
--------------
NET ASSETS:
Paid-in-capital ........................... 2,712,418,934
Net unrealized appreciation................ 269,640,764
Accumulated net investment loss............ (43,257)
Accumulated undistributed net realized
gain...................................... 116,834,042
--------------
NET ASSETS .............................. $3,098,850,483
==============
NET ASSET VALUE PER SHARE,
114,750,518 shares outstanding (unlimited
shares authorized of $.01 par value) ..... $ 27.01
==============
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
For the year ended December 31, 1996
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
NET INVESTMENT INCOME:
INCOME
Dividends (net of $154,587 foreign
withholding tax)...................... $ 21,737,318
Interest............................... 11,658,199
-------------
TOTAL INCOME......................... 33,395,517
-------------
EXPENSES
Plan of distribution fee............... 24,339,469
Investment management fee.............. 14,111,045
Transfer agent fees and expenses ...... 3,046,573
Registration fees ..................... 328,344
Custodian fees......................... 321,785
Shareholder reports and notices ....... 166,570
Professional fees ..................... 54,714
Trustees' fees and expenses............ 37,971
Other.................................. 30,422
-------------
TOTAL EXPENSES ...................... 42,436,893
-------------
NET INVESTMENT LOSS.................. (9,041,376)
-------------
NET REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN:
Net realized gain...................... 275,397,900
Net change in unrealized appreciation 13,163,448
-------------
NET GAIN............................. 288,561,348
-------------
NET INCREASE........................... $279,519,972
=============
</TABLE>
SEE NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
46
<PAGE>
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, continued
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN NET ASSETS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FOR THE YEAR FOR THE YEAR
ENDED ENDED
DECEMBER 31, 1996 DECEMBER 31, 1995
- ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C>
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN NET ASSETS:
OPERATIONS:
Net investment income (loss)........................... $ (9,041,376) $ 1,115,260
Net realized gain...................................... 275,397,900 449,119,481
Net change in unrealized appreciation ................. 13,163,448 204,343,705
----------------- -----------------
NET INCREASE......................................... 279,519,972 654,578,446
----------------- -----------------
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS FROM:
Net investment income ................................. (1,126,313) (193,886)
Net realized gain...................................... (299,891,577) (231,910,868)
----------------- -----------------
TOTAL................................................ (301,017,890) (232,104,754)
----------------- -----------------
Net increase from transactions in shares of beneficial
interest.............................................. 731,461,022 476,459,623
----------------- -----------------
NET INCREASE......................................... 709,963,104 898,933,315
NET ASSETS:
Beginning of period.................................... 2,388,887,379 1,489,954,064
----------------- -----------------
END OF PERIOD
(Including a net investment loss of $43,257 and
undistributed net investment income of $1,103,834,
respectively)........................................ $3,098,850,483 $2,388,887,379
================= =================
</TABLE>
SEE NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
47
<PAGE>
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS December 31, 1996
1. Organization and Accounting Policies
Dean Witter American Value Fund (the "Fund") is registered under the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "Act"), as a diversified,
open-end management investment company. The Fund's investment objective is
capital growth consistent with an effort to reduce volatility. The Fund seeks
to achieve its objective by investing in a diversified portfolio of
securities consisting principally of common stocks. The Fund was incorporated
in Maryland in 1979, commenced operations on March 27, 1980 and was
reorganized as a Massachusetts business trust on April 30, 1987.
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts and disclosures. Actual results could differ
from those estimates.
The following is a summary of significant accounting policies:
A. VALUATION OF INVESTMENTS -- (1) an equity security listed or traded on the
New York or American Stock Exchange or other stock exchange is valued at its
latest sale price on that exchange prior to the time when assets are valued;
if there were no sales that day, the security is valued at the latest bid
price (in cases where a security is traded on more than one exchange, the
security is valued on the exchange designated as the primary market pursuant
to procedures adopted by the Trustees); (2) all other portfolio securities
for which over-the-counter market quotations are readily available are valued
at the latest available bid price prior to the time of valuation; (3) when
market quotations are not readily available, including circumstances under
which it is determined by Dean Witter InterCapital Inc. (the "Investment
Manager") that sale or bid prices are not reflective of a security's market
value, portfolio securities are valued at their fair value as determined in
good faith under procedures established by and under the general supervision
of the Trustees (valuation of debt securities for which market quotations are
not readily available may be based upon current market prices of securities
which are comparable in coupon, rating and maturity or an appropriate matrix
utilizing similar factors); and (4) short-term debt securities having a
maturity date of more than sixty days at time of purchase are valued on a
mark-to-market basis until sixty days prior to maturity and thereafter at
amortized cost based on their value on the 61st day. Short-term debt
securities having a maturity date of sixty days or less at the time of
purchase are valued at amortized cost.
B. ACCOUNTING FOR INVESTMENTS -- Security transactions are accounted for on
the trade date (date the order to buy or sell is executed). Realized gains
and losses on security transactions are determined by the identified cost
method. Dividend income and other distributions are recorded on the
ex-dividend date. Discounts are accreted over the life of the respective
securities. Interest income is accrued daily.
48
<PAGE>
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS December 31, 1996, continued
C. FEDERAL INCOME TAX STATUS -- It is the Fund's policy to comply with the
requirements of the Internal Revenue Code applicable to regulated investment
companies and to distribute all of its taxable income to its shareholders.
Accordingly, no federal income tax provision is required.
D. DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS TO SHAREHOLDERS -- The Fund records dividends
and distributions to its shareholders on the record date. The amount of
dividends and distributions from net investment income and net realized
capital gains are determined in accordance with federal income tax
regulations which may differ from generally accepted accounting principles.
These "book/tax" differences are either considered temporary or permanent in
nature. To the extent these differences are permanent in nature, such amounts
are reclassified within the capital accounts based on their federal tax-basis
treatment; temporary differences do not require reclassification. Dividends
and distributions which exceed net investment income and net realized capital
gains for financial reporting purposes but not for tax purposes are reported
as dividends in excess of net investment income or distributions in excess of
net realized capital gains. To the extent they exceed net investment income
and net realized capital gains for tax purposes, they are reported as
distributions of paid-in-capital.
2. INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT
Pursuant to an Investment Management Agreement with the Investment Manager,
the Fund pays the Investment Manager a management fee, accrued daily and
payable monthly, by applying the following annual rates to the net assets of
the Fund determined at the close of each business day: 0.625% to the portion
of daily net assets not exceeding $250 million and 0.50% to the portion of
daily net assets exceeding $250 million. Effective May 1, 1996, the annual
rate was reduced to 0.475% of net assets in excess of $2.5 billion.
Under the terms of the Agreement, in addition to managing the Fund's
investments, the Investment Manager maintains certain of the Fund's books and
records and furnishes, at its own expense, office space, facilities,
equipment, clerical, bookkeeping and certain legal services and pays the
salaries of all personnel, including officers of the Fund who are employees
of the Investment Manager. The Investment Manager also bears the cost of
telephone services, heat, light, power and other utilities provided to the
Fund.
3. PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
Shares of the Fund are distributed by Dean Witter Distributors Inc. (the
"Distributor"), an affiliate of the Investment Manager. The Fund has adopted
a Plan of Distribution (the "Plan") pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Act
pursuant to which the Fund pays the Distributor compensation, accrued daily
and payable
49
<PAGE>
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS December 31, 1996, continued
monthly, at an annual rate of 1.0% of the lesser of: (a) the average daily
aggregate gross sales of the Fund's shares since the implementation of the
Plan on April 30, 1984 (not including reinvestment of dividend or capital
gain distributions) less the average daily aggregate net asset value of the
Fund's shares redeemed since the Fund's implementation of the Plan upon which
a contingent deferred sales charge has been imposed or upon which such charge
has been waived; or (b) the Fund's average daily net assets attributable to
shares issued, net of related shares redeemed since implementation of the
Plan. Amounts paid under the Plan are paid to the Distributor to compensate
it for the services provided and the expenses borne by it and others in the
distribution of the Fund's shares, including the payment of commissions for
sales of the Fund's shares and incentive compensation to, and expenses of,
the account executives of Dean Witter Reynolds Inc. ("DWR"), an affiliate of
the Investment Manager and Distributor, and other employees or selected
broker-dealers who engage in or support distribution of the Fund's shares or
who service shareholder accounts, including, overhead and telephone expenses,
printing and distribution of prospectuses and reports used in connection with
the offering of the Fund's shares to other than current shareholders and
preparation, printing and distribution of sales literature and advertising
materials. In addition, the Distributor may be compensated under the Plan for
its opportunity costs in advancing such amounts which compensation would be
in the form of a carrying charge on any unreimbursed expenses incurred by the
Distributor.
Provided that the Plan continues in effect, any cumulative expenses incurred
but not yet recovered, may be recovered through future distribution fees from
the Fund and contingent deferred sales charges from the Fund's shareholders.
Although there is no legal obligation for the Fund to pay expenses incurred
in excess of payments made to the Distributor under the Plan and the proceeds
of contingent deferred sales charges paid by investors upon redemption of
shares, if for any reason the Plan is terminated, the Trustees will consider
at that time the manner in which to treat such expenses. The Distributor has
advised the Fund that such excess amounts, including carrying charges, total
$71,290,842 at December 31, 1996.
The Distributor has informed the Fund that for the year ended December 31,
1996, it received approximately $3,792,000 in contingent deferred sales
charges from certain redemptions of the Fund's shares.
4. SECURITY TRANSACTIONS AND TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATES
The cost of purchases and proceeds from sales of portfolio securities,
excluding short-term investments, for the year ended December 31, 1996
aggregated $7,759,136,387 and $7,369,697,616, respectively. Included in the
aforementioned are purchases and sales of U.S. Government securities of
$374,755,316 and $654,246,740, respectively.
50
<PAGE>
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS December 31, 1996, continued
For the year ended December 31, 1996, the Fund incurred $902,407 in brokerage
commissions with DWR for portfolio transactions executed on behalf of the
Fund. At December 31, 1996, the Fund's receivable for investments sold
included unsettled trades with DWR of $10,424,494.
Dean Witter Trust Company, an affiliate of the Investment Manager and
Distributor, is the Fund's transfer agent. At December 31, 1996, the Fund had
transfer agent fees and expenses payable of approximately $295,000.
The Fund has an unfunded noncontributory defined benefit pension plan
covering all independent Trustees of the Fund who will have served as
independent Trustees for at least five years at the time of retirement.
Benefits under this plan are based on years of service and compensation
during the last five years of service. Aggregate pension costs for the year
ended December 31, 1996 included in Trustees' fees and expenses in the
Statement of Operations amounted to $21,704. At December 31, 1996, the Fund
had an accrued pension liability of $40,889 which is included in accrued
expenses in the Statement of Assets and Liabilities.
5. SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
Transactions in shares of beneficial interest were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FOR THE YEAR FOR THE YEAR
ENDED ENDED
DECEMBER 31, 1996 DECEMBER 31, 1995
------------------------------ -------------------------------
SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT
-------------- -------------- -------------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Sold 36,925,212 $1,016,961,498 27,784,767 $ 726,405,402
Reinvestment of dividends and distributions 10,599,054 286,147,878 8,258,700 219,428,179
-------------- -------------- -------------- ---------------
47,524,266 1,303,109,376 36,043,467 945,833,581
Repurchased (20,736,856) (571,648,354) (18,333,417) (469,373,958)
-------------- -------------- -------------- ---------------
Net increase 26,787,410 $ 731,461,022 17,710,050 $ 476,459,623
============== ============== ============== ===============
</TABLE>
6. FEDERAL INCOME TAX STATUS
As of December 31, 1996, the Fund had temporary book/tax differences primarily
attributable to capital loss deferrals on wash sales and permanent book/tax
differences primarily attributable to a net operating loss. To reflect
reclassifications arising from permanent book/tax differences for the year
ended December 31, 1996, paid-in-capital was charged $76,526, accumulated net
realized gain was charged $8,944,072 and accumulated net investment loss was
credited $9,020,598.
51
<PAGE>
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
Selected ratios and per share data for a share of beneficial interest
outstanding throughout each period:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994 1993
- ---------------------------- --------- -------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE
OPERATING PERFORMANCE:
Net asset value,
beginning of period......... $27.16 $21.21 $23.10 $20.93
--------- -------- --------- ---------
Net investment income
(loss) ..................... (0.08) 0.01 -- (0.09)
Net realized and
unrealized gain (loss)...... 2.86 8.87 (1.57) 3.94
--------- -------- --------- ---------
Total from investment
operations ................. 2.78 8.88 (1.57) 3.85
--------- -------- --------- ---------
Less dividends and
distributions from:
Net investment income ..... (0.01) -- -- (0.01)
Net realized gain.......... (2.92) (2.93) (0.32) (1.67)
Paid-in-capital............ -- -- -- --
--------- -------- --------- ---------
Total dividends and
distributions............... (2.93) (2.93) (0.32) (1.68)
--------- -------- --------- ---------
Net asset value,
end of period............... $27.01 $27.16 $21.21 $23.10
========= ======== ========= =========
TOTAL INVESTMENT RETURN+ 10.53% 42.20% (6.75)% 18.70%
RATIOS TO
AVERAGE NET ASSETS:
Expenses..................... 1.53% 1.61% 1.71% 1.61%
Net investment income
(loss)...................... (0.33)% 0.06% 0.01% (0.59)%
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:
Net assets, end of period,
(in millions)............... $3,099 $2,389 $1,490 $1,218
Portfolio turnover rate ..... 279% 256% 295% 276%
Average commission rate paid $0.0590 -- -- --
</TABLE>
(RESTUBBED TABLE CONTINUED FROM ABOVE)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987
- ---------------------------- -------- -------- --------- -------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE
OPERATING PERFORMANCE:
Net asset value,
beginning of period......... $20.66 $14.39 $14.81 $13.19 $12.21 $12.64
-------- -------- --------- -------- -------- --------
Net investment income
(loss) ..................... 0.03 0.05 0.24 0.34 0.29 0.19
Net realized and
unrealized gain (loss)...... 0.71 7.90 (0.38) 2.99 1.03 0.20
-------- -------- --------- -------- -------- --------
Total from investment
operations ................. 0.74 7.95 (0.14) 3.33 1.32 0.39
-------- -------- --------- -------- -------- --------
Less dividends and
distributions from:
Net investment income ..... (0.03) (0.03) (0.28) (0.32) (0.33) (0.23)
Net realized gain.......... (0.44) (1.65) -- (1.39) -- (0.59)
Paid-in-capital............ -- -- -- -- (0.01) --
-------- -------- --------- -------- -------- --------
Total dividends and
distributions............... (0.47) (1.68) (0.28) (1.71) (0.34) (0.82)
-------- -------- --------- -------- -------- --------
Net asset value,
end of period............... $20.93 $20.66 $14.39 $14.81 $13.19 $12.21
======== ======== ========= ======== ======== ========
TOTAL INVESTMENT RETURN+ 3.84% 56.26% (0.90)% 25.39% 10.84% 2.84%
RATIOS TO
AVERAGE NET ASSETS:
Expenses..................... 1.72 % 1.58% 1.70% 1.66% 1.78% 1.62%
Net investment income
(loss)...................... 0.18% 0.29% 1.67% 2.23% 2.15% 1.42%
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:
Net assets, end of period,
(in millions)............... $ 459 $ 227 $ 89 $ 100 $ 90 $ 109
Portfolio turnover rate ..... 305% 264% 234% 196% 133% 203%
Average commission rate paid -- -- -- -- -- --
</TABLE>
[FN]
- ------------
+ Does not reflect the deduction of sales charge. Calculated based on the net
asset value as of the last business day of the period.
SEE NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
52
<PAGE>
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
TO THE SHAREHOLDERS AND TRUSTEES
OF DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
In our opinion, the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities,
including the portfolio of investments, and the related statements of
operations and of changes in net assets and the financial highlights present
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Dean Witter
American Value Fund (the "Fund") at December 31, 1996, the results of its
operations for the year then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of
the two years in the period then ended and the financial highlights for each
of the ten years in the period then ended, in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles. These financial statements and financial
highlights (hereafter referred to as "financial statements") are the
responsibility of the Fund's management; our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our
audits of these financial statements in accordance with generally accepted
auditing standards which require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing
the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management,
and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that
our audits, which included confirmation of securities at December 31, 1996 by
correspondence with the custodian and brokers and the application of
alternative auditing procedures where confirmations from brokers were not
received, provide a reasonable basis for the opinion expressed above.
PRICE WATERHOUSE LLP
1177 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10036
February 6, 1997
1996 FEDERAL TAX NOTICE (unaudited)
During the year ended December 31, 1996, the Fund paid to its
shareholders $0.75 per share from long-term capital gains. For such
period, 6.97% of the income paid qualified for the dividends received
deduction available to corporations.
<PAGE>
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
PART C OTHER INFORMATION
Item 24. Financial Statements and Exhibits
(a) Financial Statements
(1) Financial statements and schedules, included
in Prospectus (Part A): Page in
-------
Prospectus
----------
Financial highlights for the years ended December 31,
1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994,
1995 and 1996 ....................................... 4
(2) Financial statements included in the Statement of
Additional Information (Part B):
Page in
-------
SAI
---
Portfolio of Investments at December 31, 1996 ....... 42
Statement of Assets and Liabilities at December 31,
1996................................................. 46
Statement of Operations for the year ended December
31, 1996............................................. 46
Statement of Changes in Net Assets for the years
ended December 31, 1995 and December 31, 1996 ....... 47
Notes to Financial Statements........................ 48
Financial highlights for the years ended
December 31, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991,
1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 and 1996 ..................... 52
(3) Financial statements included in Part C:
None
(b) Exhibits:
2. - Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant dated as
of October 25, 1996
8. - Amendment to Custody Agreement between the Registrant
and The Bank of New York
11. - Consent of Independent Accountants
16. - Schedules for Computation of Performance
Quotations
<PAGE>
27. - Financial Data Schedule
--------------------------------
All other exhibits were previously filed and are hereby
incorporated by reference.
Item 25. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control With
Registrant.
None
Item 26. Number of Holders of Securities.
(1) (2)
Number of Record Holders
Title of Class at February 28, 1997
-------------- ------------------------
Shares of Beneficial Interest 259,815
Item 27. Indemnification.
Pursuant to Section 5.3 of the Registrant's Declaration of Trust and under
Section 4.8 of the Registrant's By-Laws, the indemnification of the
Registrant's trustees, officers, employees and agents is permitted if it is
determined that they acted under the belief that their actions were in or not
opposed to the best interest of the Registrant, and, with respect to any
criminal proceeding, they had reasonable cause to believe their conduct was not
unlawful. In addition, indemnification is permitted only if it is determined
that the actions in question did not render them liable by reason of willful
misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of their duties
or by reason of reckless disregard of their obligations and duties to the
Registrant. Trustees, officers, employees and agents will be indemnified for
the expense of litigation if it is determined that they are entitled to
indemnification against any liability established in such litigation. The
Registrant may also advance money for these expenses provided that they give
their undertakings to repay the Registrant unless their conduct is later
determined to permit indemnification.
Pursuant to Section 5.2 of the Registrant's Declaration of Trust and
paragraph 8 of the Registrant's Investment Management Agreement, neither the
Investment Manager nor any trustee, officer, employee or agent of the
Registrant shall be liable for any action or failure to act, except in the case
of bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of
duties to the Registrant.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities
Act of 1933 (the "Act") may be permitted to trustees,
2
<PAGE>
officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing
provisions or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of
the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public
policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event
that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the
payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer,
or controlling person of the Registrant in connection with the successful
defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted against the Registrant
by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the shares
being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the
matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of
appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is
against public policy as expressed in the Act, and will be governed by the
final adjudication of such issue.
The Registrant hereby undertakes that it will apply the indemnification
provision of its by-laws in a manner consistent with Release 11330 of the
Securities and Exchange Commission under the Investment Company Act of 1940, so
long as the interpretation of Sections 17(h) and 17(i) of such Act remains in
effect.
Registrant, in conjunction with the Investment Manager, Registrant's
Trustees, and other registered investment management companies managed by the
Investment Manager, maintains insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a
Trustee, officer, employee, or agent of Registrant, or who is or was serving at
the request of Registrant as a trustee, director, officer, employee or agent of
another trust or corporation, against any liability asserted against him and
incurred by him or arising out of his position. However, in no event will
Registrant maintain insurance to indemnify any such person for any act for
which Registrant itself is not permitted to indemnify him.
Item 28. Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser.
See "The Fund and Its Management" in the Prospectus regarding the
business of the investment adviser. The following information is given
regarding officers of Dean Witter InterCapital Inc. InterCapital is a
wholly-owned subsidiary of Dean Witter, Discover & Co. The principal address of
the Dean Witter Funds is Two World Trade Center, New York, New York 10048.
The term "Dean Witter Funds" used below refers to the following registered
investment companies:
Closed-End Investment Companies
- -------------------------------
(1) InterCapital Income Securities Inc.
(2) High Income Advantage Trust
(3) High Income Advantage Trust II
(4) High Income Advantage Trust III
3
<PAGE>
(5) Municipal Income Trust
(6) Municipal Income Trust II
(7) Municipal Income Trust III
(8) Dean Witter Government Income Trust
(9) Municipal Premium Income Trust
(10) Municipal Income Opportunities Trust
(11) Municipal Income Opportunities Trust II
(12) Municipal Income Opportunities Trust III
(13) Prime Income Trust
(14) InterCapital Insured Municipal Bond Trust
(15) InterCapital Quality Municipal Income Trust
(16) InterCapital Quality Municipal Investment Trust
(17) InterCapital Insured Municipal Income Trust
(18) InterCapital California Insured Municipal Income Trust
(19) InterCapital Insured Municipal Trust
(20) InterCapital Quality Municipal Securities
(21) InterCapital New York Quality Municipal Securities
(22) InterCapital California Quality Municipal Securities
(23) InterCapital Insured California Municipal Securities
(24) InterCapital Insured Municipal Securities
Open-end Investment Companies:
- ------------------------------
(1) Dean Witter Short-Term Bond Fund
(2) Dean Witter Tax-Exempt Securities Trust
(3) Dean Witter Tax-Free Daily Income Trust
(4) Dean Witter Dividend Growth Securities Inc.
(5) Dean Witter Convertible Securities Trust
(6) Dean Witter Liquid Asset Fund Inc.
(7) Dean Witter Developing Growth Securities Trust
(8) Dean Witter Retirement Series
(9) Dean Witter Federal Securities Trust
(10) Dean Witter World Wide Investment Trust
(11) Dean Witter U.S. Government Securities Trust
(12) Dean Witter Select Municipal Reinvestment Fund
(13) Dean Witter High Yield Securities Inc.
(14) Dean Witter Intermediate Income Securities
(15) Dean Witter New York Tax-Free Income Fund
(16) Dean Witter California Tax-Free Income Fund
(17) Dean Witter Health Sciences Trust
(18) Dean Witter California Tax-Free Daily Income Trust
(19) Dean Witter Global Asset Allocation Fund
(20) Dean Witter American Value Fund
(21) Dean Witter Strategist Fund
(22) Dean Witter Utilities Fund
(23) Dean Witter World Wide Income Trust
(24) Dean Witter New York Municipal Money Market Trust
(25) Dean Witter Capital Growth Securities
(26) Dean Witter Precious Metals and Minerals Trust
(27) Dean Witter European Growth Fund Inc.
(28) Dean Witter Global Short-Term Income Fund Inc.
(29) Dean Witter Pacific Growth Fund Inc.
(30) Dean Witter Multi-State Municipal Series Trust
(31) Dean Witter Premier Income Trust
(32) Dean Witter Short-Term U.S. Treasury Trust
4
<PAGE>
(33) Dean Witter Diversified Income Trust
(34) Dean Witter U.S. Government Money Market Trust
(35) Dean Witter Global Dividend Growth Securities
(36) Active Assets California Tax-Free Trust
(37) Dean Witter Natural Resource Development Securities Inc.
(38) Active Assets Government Securities Trust
(39) Active Assets Money Trust
(40) Active Assets Tax-Free Trust
(41) Dean Witter Limited Term Municipal Trust
(42) Dean Witter Variable Investment Series
(43) Dean Witter Value-Added Market Series
(44) Dean Witter Global Utilities Fund
(45) Dean Witter High Income Securities
(46) Dean Witter National Municipal Trust
(47) Dean Witter International SmallCap Fund
(48) Dean Witter Mid-Cap Growth Fund
(49) Dean Witter Select Dimensions Investment Series
(50) Dean Witter Balanced Growth Fund
(51) Dean Witter Balanced Income Fund
(52) Dean Witter Hawaii Municipal Trust
(53) Dean Witter Capital Appreciation Fund
(54) Dean Witter Intermediate Term U.S. Treasury Trust
(55) Dean Witter Information Fund
(56) Dean Witter Japan Fund
(57) Dean Witter Income Builder Fund
(58) Dean Witter Special Value Fund
(59) Dean Witter Financial Services Trust
(60) Dean Witter Market Leader Trust
The term "TCW/DW Funds" refers to the following registered investment
companies:
Open-End Investment Companies
- -----------------------------
(1) TCW/DW Core Equity Trust
(2) TCW/DW North American Government Income Trust
(3) TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund
(4) TCW/DW Income and Growth Fund
(5) TCW/DW Small Cap Growth Fund
(6) TCW/DW Balanced Fund
(7) TCW/DW Total Return Trust
(8) TCW/DW Mid-Cap Equity Trust
(9) TCW/DW Global Telecom Trust
(10) TCW/DW Strategic Income Trust
Closed-End Investment Companies
- -------------------------------
(1) TCW/DW Term Trust 2000
(2) TCW/DW Term Trust 2002
(3) TCW/DW Term Trust 2003
(4) TCW/DW Emerging Markets Opportunities Trust
5
<PAGE>
NAME AND POSITION OTHER SUBSTANTIAL BUSINESS, PROFESSION, VOCATION
WITH DEAN WITTER OR EMPLOYMENT, INCLUDING NAME, PRINCIPAL ADDRESS
INTERCAPITAL INC. AND NATURE OF CONNECTION
- ----------------- ------------------------------------------------
Charles A. Fiumefreddo Executive Vice President and Director of Dean
Chairman, Chief Witter Reynolds Inc. ("DWR"); Chairman, Chief
Executive Officer and Executive Officer and Director of Dean Witter
Director Distributors Inc. ("Distributors") and Dean
Witter Services Company Inc. ("DWSC"); Chairman and
Director of Dean Witter Trust Company ("DWTC");
Chairman, Director or Trustee, President and Chief
Executive Officer of the Dean Witter Funds and
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Trustee of
the TCW/DW Funds; Formerly Executive Vice President
and Director of Dean Witter, Discover & Co.
("DWDC"); Director and/or officer of various DWDC
subsidiaries.
Philip J. Purcell Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director of
Director of DWDC and DWR; Director of DWSC and Distributors;
Director or Trustee of the Dean Witter Funds;
Director and/or officer of various DWDC
subsidiaries.
Richard M. DeMartini Executive Vice President of DWDC; President and
Director Chief Operating Officer of Dean Witter Capital;
Director of DWR, DWSC, Distributors and DWTC;
Trustee of the TCW/DW Funds; Member (since January,
1993) and Chairman (since January, 1995) of the
Board of Directors of NASDAQ.
James F. Higgins Executive Vice President of DWDC; President and
Director Chief Operating Officer of Dean Witter Financial;
Director of DWR, DWSC, Distributors and DWTC.
Thomas C. Schneider Executive Vice President and Chief Financial
Executive Vice Officer of DWDC, DWR, DWSC and Distributors;
President, Chief Director of DWR, DWSC and Distributors.
Financial Officer and
Director
Christine A. Edwards Executive Vice President, Secretary and General
Director Counsel of DWDC and DWR; Executive Vice President,
Secretary and Chief Legal Officer of Distributors;
Director of DWR, DWSC and Distributors.
Robert M. Scanlan President and Chief Operating Officer of DWSC,
President and Chief Executive Vice President of Distributors;
Operating Officer Executive Vice President and Director of DWTC;
Vice President of the Dean Witter Funds and the
TCW/DW Funds.
6
<PAGE>
NAME AND POSITION OTHER SUBSTANTIAL BUSINESS, PROFESSION, VOCATION
WITH DEAN WITTER OR EMPLOYMENT, INCLUDING NAME, PRINCIPAL ADDRESS
INTERCAPITAL INC. AND NATURE OF CONNECTION
- ----------------- ------------------------------------------------
John Van Heuvelen President, Chief Operating Officer and Director
Executive Vice of DWTC.
President
Joseph J. McAlinden Vice President of the Dean Witter Funds and
Executive Vice President Director of DWTC.
and Chief Investment
Officer
Barry Fink Assistant Secretary of DWR; Senior Vice
Senior Vice President, President, Secretary and General Counsel of DWSC;
Secretary and General Senior Vice President,Assistant Secretary and
Counsel Assistant General Counsel of Distributors;Vice
President, Secretary and General Counsel of the Dean
Witter Funds and the TCW/DW Funds.
Peter M. Avelar Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Senior Vice President
Mark Bavoso Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Senior Vice President
Richard Felegy
Senior Vice President
Edward Gaylor Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Senior Vice President
Robert S. Giambrone Senior Vice President of DWSC, Distributors
Senior Vice President and DWTC and Director of DWTC; Vice President
of the Dean Witter Funds and the TCW/DW Funds.
Rajesh K. Gupta Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Senior Vice President
Kenton J. Hinchcliffe Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Senior Vice President
Kevin Hurley Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Senior Vice President
Jenny Beth Jones Vice President of Dean Witter Special Value Fund.
Senior Vice President
John B. Kemp, III Director of the Provident Savings Bank, Jersey
Senior Vice President City, New Jersey.
Anita Kolleeny Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Senior Vice President
Jonathan R. Page Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Senior Vice President
Ira N. Ross Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Senior Vice President
7
<PAGE>
NAME AND POSITION OTHER SUBSTANTIAL BUSINESS, PROFESSION, VOCATION
WITH DEAN WITTER OR EMPLOYMENT, INCLUDING NAME, PRINCIPAL ADDRESS
INTERCAPITAL INC. AND NATURE OF CONNECTION
- ----------------- ------------------------------------------------
Guy G. Rutherfurd, Jr. Vice President of Dean Witter Market Leader
Senior Vice President Trust.
Rochelle G. Siegel Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Senior Vice President
Paul D. Vance Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Senior Vice President
Elizabeth A. Vetell
Senior Vice President
James F. Willison Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Senior Vice President
Ronald J. Worobel Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Senior Vice President
Thomas F. Caloia First Vice President and Assistant Treasurer of
First Vice President DWSC, Assistant Treasurer of Distributors;
and Assistant Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer of the
Treasurer Dean Witter Funds and the TCW/DW Funds.
Marilyn K. Cranney Assistant Secretary of DWR; First Vice President
First Vice President and Assistant Secretary of DWSC; Assistant
and Assistant Secretary Secretary of the Dean Witter Funds and the TCW/DW
Funds.
Michael Interrante First Vice President and Controller of DWSC;
First Vice President Assistant Treasurer of Distributors;First Vice
and Controller President and Treasurer of DWTC.
Robert Zimmerman
First Vice President
Joan Allman
Vice President
Joseph Arcieri Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Vice President
8
<PAGE>
NAME AND POSITION OTHER SUBSTANTIAL BUSINESS, PROFESSION, VOCATION
WITH DEAN WITTER OR EMPLOYMENT, INCLUDING NAME, PRINCIPAL ADDRESS
INTERCAPITAL INC. AND NATURE OF CONNECTION
- ----------------- ------------------------------------------------
Kirk Balzer Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Vice President
Douglas Brown
Vice President
Philip Casparius
Vice President
Thomas Chronert
Vice President
Rosalie Clough
Vice President
Patricia A. Cuddy Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Vice President
B. Catherine Connelly
Vice President
Salvatore DeSteno Vice President of DWSC.
Vice President
Frank J. DeVito Vice President of DWSC.
Vice President
Bruce Dunn
Vice President
Jeffrey D. Geffen
Vice President
Deborah Genovese
Vice President
Peter W. Gurman
Vice President
John Hechtlinger
Vice President
Peter Hermann Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Vice President
Elizabeth Hinchman
Vice President
David Hoffman
Vice President
9
<PAGE>
NAME AND POSITION OTHER SUBSTANTIAL BUSINESS, PROFESSION, VOCATION
WITH DEAN WITTER OR EMPLOYMENT, INCLUDING NAME, PRINCIPAL ADDRESS
INTERCAPITAL INC. AND NATURE OF CONNECTION
- ----------------- ------------------------------------------------
David Johnson
Vice President
Christopher Jones
Vice President
James Kastberg
Vice President
Stanley Kapica
Vice President
Michael Knox Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Vice President
Konrad J. Krill Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Vice President
Paula LaCosta Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Vice President
Thomas Lawlor
Vice President
Gerard Lian Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Vice President
LouAnne D. McInnis Vice President and Assistant Secretary of DWSC;
Vice President and Assistant Secretary of the Dean Witter Funds and
Assistant Secretary the TCW/DW Funds.
Sharon K. Milligan
Vice President
Julie Morrone
Vice President
David Myers
Vice President
James Nash
Vice President
Richard Norris
Vice President
Anne Pickrell Vice President of Dean Witter Global Short-
Vice President Term Income Fund Inc.
10
<PAGE>
NAME AND POSITION OTHER SUBSTANTIAL BUSINESS, PROFESSION, VOCATION
WITH DEAN WITTER OR EMPLOYMENT, INCLUDING NAME, PRINCIPAL ADDRESS
INTERCAPITAL INC. AND NATURE OF CONNECTION
- ----------------- ------------------------------------------------
Hugh Rose
Vice President
Robert Rossetti Vice President of Dean Witter Precious Metals
Vice President Trust.
Ruth Rossi Vice President and Assistant Secretary of DWSC;
Vice President and Assistant Secretary of the Dean Witter Funds and
Assistant Secretary the TCW/DW Funds.
Carl F. Sadler
Vice President
Rafael Scolari Vice President of Prime Income Trust.
Vice President
Peter Seeley Vice President of Dean Witter World
Vice President Wide Income Trust.
Jayne M. Stevlingson Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Vice President
Kathleen Stromberg Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Vice President
Vinh Q. Tran Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Vice President
Alice Weiss Vice President of various Dean Witter Funds.
Vice President
Katherine Wickham
Vice President
Item 29. Principal Underwriters
(a) Dean Witter Distributors Inc. ("Distributors"), a Delaware
corporation, is the principal underwriter of the Registrant.
Distributors is also the principal underwriter of the following
investment companies:
(1) Dean Witter Liquid Asset Fund Inc.
(2) Dean Witter Tax-Free Daily Income Trust
(3) Dean Witter California Tax-Free Daily Income Trust
(4) Dean Witter Retirement Series
(5) Dean Witter Dividend Growth Securities Inc.
(6) Dean Witter Global Asset Allocation
(7) Dean Witter World Wide Investment Trust
(8) Dean Witter Capital Growth Securities
(9) Dean Witter Convertible Securities Trust
(10) Active Assets Tax-Free Trust
11
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(11) Active Assets Money Trust
(12) Active Assets California Tax-Free Trust
(13) Active Assets Government Securities Trust
(14) Dean Witter Short-Term Bond Fund
(15) Dean Witter Mid-Cap Growth Fund
(16) Dean Witter U.S. Government Securities Trust
(17) Dean Witter High Yield Securities Inc.
(18) Dean Witter New York Tax-Free Income Fund
(19) Dean Witter Tax-Exempt Securities Trust
(20) Dean Witter California Tax-Free Income Fund
(21) Dean Witter Limited Term Municipal Trust
(22) Dean Witter Natural Resource Development Securities Inc.
(23) Dean Witter World Wide Income Trust
(24) Dean Witter Utilities Fund
(25) Dean Witter Strategist Fund
(26) Dean Witter New York Municipal Money Market Trust
(27) Dean Witter Intermediate Income Securities
(28) Prime Income Trust
(29) Dean Witter European Growth Fund Inc.
(30) Dean Witter Developing Growth Securities Trust
(31) Dean Witter Precious Metals and Minerals Trust
(32) Dean Witter Pacific Growth Fund Inc.
(33) Dean Witter Multi-State Municipal Series Trust
(34) Dean Witter Federal Securities Trust
(35) Dean Witter Short-Term U.S. Treasury Trust
(36) Dean Witter Diversified Income Trust
(37) Dean Witter Health Sciences Trust
(38) Dean Witter Global Dividend Growth Securities
(39) Dean Witter American Value Fund
(40) Dean Witter U.S. Government Money Market Trust
(41) Dean Witter Global Short-Term Income Fund Inc.
(42) Dean Witter Premier Income Trust
(43) Dean Witter Value-Added Market Series
(44) Dean Witter Global Utilities Fund
(45) Dean Witter High Income Securities
(46) Dean Witter National Municipal Trust
(47) Dean Witter International SmallCap Fund
(48) Dean Witter Balanced Growth Fund
(49) Dean Witter Balanced Income Fund
(50) Dean Witter Hawaii Municipal Trust
(51) Dean Witter Variable Investment Series
(52) Dean Witter Capital Appreciation Fund
(53) Dean Witter Intermediate Term U.S. Treasury Trust
(54) Dean Witter Information Fund
(55) Dean Witter Japan Fund
(56) Dean Witter Income Builder Fund
(57) Dean Witter Special Value Fund
(58) Dean Witter Financial Services Trust
(59) Dean Witter Market Leader Trust
(1) TCW/DW Core Equity Trust
(2) TCW/DW North American Government Income Trust
(3) TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund
(4) TCW/DW Income and Growth Fund
(5) TCW/DW Small Cap Growth Fund
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(6) TCW/DW Balanced Fund
(7) TCW/DW Total Return Trust
(8) TCW/DW Mid-Cap Equity Trust
(9) TCW/DW Global Telecom Trust
(10) TCW/DW Strategic Income Trust
(b) The following information is given regarding directors and officers of
Distributors not listed in Item 28 above. The principal address of
Distributors is Two World Trade Center, New York, New York 10048. None of
the following persons has any position or office with the Registrant.
Positions and
Office with
Name Distributors
---- ------------
Fredrick K. Kubler Senior Vice President, Assistant
Secretary and Chief Compliance
Officer.
Michael T. Gregg Vice President and Assistant
Secretary.
Item 30. Location of Accounts and Records
All accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by
Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Rules thereunder
are maintained by the Investment Manager at its offices, except records
relating to holders of shares issued by the Registrant, which are maintained by
the Registrant's Transfer Agent, at its place of business as shown in the
prospectus.
Item 31. Management Services
Registrant is not a party to any such management-related service
contract.
Item 32. Undertakings
Registrant hereby undertakes to furnish each person to whom a
prospectus is delivered with a copy of the Registrant's latest annual report to
shareholders, upon request and without charge.
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SIGNATURES
----------
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the
Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of
the requirements for effectiveness of this Registration Statement pursuant to
Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act of 1933 and has duly caused this Post-
Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by
the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York and State
of New York on the 31st day of March, 1997.
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
By /s/ Barry Fink
---------------------------------
Barry Fink
Vice President and Secretary
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Post-
Effective Amendment No. 20 has been signed below by the following persons in
the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signatures Title Date
---------- ----- ----
(1) Principal Executive Officer Chairman, President
Chief Executive
Officer and Trustee
By /s/ Charles A. Fiumefreddo 03/31/97
------------------------------
Charles A. Fiumefreddo
(2) Principal Financial Officer Treasurer and Principal
Accounting Officer
By /s/ Thomas F. Caloia 03/31/97
------------------------------
Thomas F. Caloia
(3) Majority of the Trustees
Charles A. Fiumefreddo (Chairman)
Philip J. Purcell
By /s/ Barry Fink 03/31/97
------------------------------
Barry Fink
Attorney-in-Fact
Michael Bozic
Edwin J. Garn
John R. Haire
Manuel H. Johnson
Michael E. Nugent
John L. Schroeder
By /s/ David M. Butowsky 03/31/97
------------------------------
David M. Butowsky
Attorney-in-Fact
<PAGE>
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
EXHIBIT INDEX
2. -- Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant dated as of
October 25, 1996
8. -- Amendment to Custody Agreement between Registrant and The Bank
of New York
11. -- Consent of Independent Accountants
16. -- Schedule for Computation of Performance Quotations
27. -- Financial Data Schedule
<PAGE>
BY-LAWS
OF
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
AMENDED AND RESTATED AS OF OCTOBER 25, 1996
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
The terms "Commission", "Declaration", "Distributor", "Investment Adviser",
"Majority Shareholder Vote", "1940 Act", "Shareholder", "Shares", "Transfer
Agent", "Trust", "Trust Property", and "Trustees" have the respective meanings
given them in the Declaration of Trust of Dean Witter American Value Fund
(formerly known as InterCapital Industry-Valued Securities Inc.) dated April 6,
1987, as amended from time to time.
ARTICLE II
OFFICES
SECTION 2.1. Principal Office. Until changed by the Trustees, the
principal office of the Trust in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts shall be
in the City of Boston, County of Suffolk.
SECTION 2.2. Other Offices. In addition to its principal office in the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, the Trust may have an office or offices in the
City of New York, State of New York, and at such other places within and
without the Commonwealth as the Trustees may from time to time designate or the
business of the Trust may require.
ARTICLE III
SHAREHOLDERS' MEETINGS
SECTION 3.1. Place of Meetings. Meetings of Shareholders shall be held at
such place, within or without the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as may be
designated from time to time by the Trustees.
SECTION 3.2. Meetings. Meetings of Shareholders of the Trust shall be held
whenever called by the Trustees or the President of the Trust and whenever
election of a Trustee or Trustees by Shareholders is required by the provisions
of Section 16(a) of the 1940 Act, for that purpose. Meetings of Shareholders
shall also be called by the Secretary upon the written request of the holders
of Shares entitled to vote not less than twenty-five percent (25%) of all the
votes entitled to be cast at such meeting except to the extent otherwise
required by Section 16(c) of the 1940 Act , as is made applicable to the Trust
by the provisions of Section 2.3 of the Declaration. Such request shall state
the purpose or purposes of such meeting and the matters proposed to be acted on
thereat. The Secretary shall inform such Shareholders of the reasonable
estimated cost of preparing and mailing such notice of the meeting, and upon
payment to the Trust of such costs, the Secretary shall give notice stating the
purpose or purposes of the meeting to all entitled to vote at such meeting. No
meeting need be called upon the request of the holders of Shares entitled to
cast less than a majority of all votes entitled to be cast at such meeting, to
consider any matter which is substantially the same as a matter voted upon at
any meeting of Shareholders held during the preceding twelve months.
SECTION 3.3. Notice of Meetings. Written or printed notice of every
Shareholders' meeting stating the place, date, and purpose or purposes thereof,
shall be given by the Secretary not less than ten (10) nor more than ninety
(90) days before such meeting to each Shareholder entitled to vote at such
meeting. Such notice shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United
States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the Shareholder at his address as it
appears on the records of the Trust.
<PAGE>
SECTION 3.4. Quorum and Adjournment of Meetings. Except as otherwise
provided by law, by the Declaration or by these By-Laws, at all meetings of
Shareholders the holders of a majority of the Shares issued and outstanding and
entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall be
requisite and shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. In the
absence of a quorum, the Shareholders present or represented by proxy and
entitled to vote thereat shall have power to adjourn the meeting from time to
time. Any adjourned meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice. At
any adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present, any business may be
transacted as if the meeting had been held as originally called.
SECTION 3.5. Voting Rights, Proxies. At each meeting of Shareholders, each
holder of record of Shares entitled to vote thereat shall be entitled to one
vote in person or by proxy, executed in writing by the Shareholder or his duly
authorized attorney-in-fact, for each Share of beneficial interest of the Trust
and for the fractional portion of one vote for each fractional Share entitled
to vote so registered in his name on the records of the Trust on the date fixed
as the record date for the determination of Shareholders entitled to vote at
such meeting. No proxy shall be valid after eleven months from its date, unless
otherwise provided in the proxy. At all meetings of Shareholders, unless the
voting is conducted by inspectors, all questions relating to the qualification
of voters and the validity of proxies and the acceptance or rejection of votes
shall be decided by the chairman of the meeting. Pursuant to a resolution of a
majority of the Trustees, proxies may be solicited in the name of one or more
Trustees or Officers of the Trust.
SECTION 3.6. Vote Required. Except as otherwise provided by law, by the
Declaration of Trust, or by these By-Laws, at each meeting of Shareholders at
which a quorum is present, all matters shall be decided by Majority Shareholder
Vote.
SECTION 3.7. Inspectors of Election. In advance of any meeting of
Shareholders, the Trustees may appoint Inspectors of Election to act at the
meeting or any adjournment thereof. If Inspectors of Election are not so
appointed, the chairman of any meeting of Shareholders may, and on the request
of any Shareholder or his proxy shall, appoint Inspectors of Election of the
meeting. In case any person appointed as Inspector fails to appear or fails or
refuses to act, the vacancy may be filled by appointment made by the Trustees
in advance of the convening of the meeting or at the meeting by the person
acting as chairman. The Inspectors of Election shall determine the number of
Shares outstanding, the Shares represented at the meeting, the existence of a
quorum, the authenticity, validity and effect of proxies, shall receive votes,
ballots or consents, shall hear and determine all challenges and questions in
any way arising in connection with the right to vote, shall count and tabulate
all votes or consents, determine the results, and do such other acts as may be
proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all Shareholders. On
request of the chairman of the meeting, or of any Shareholder or his proxy, the
Inspectors of Election shall make a report in writing of any challenge or
question or matter determined by them and shall execute a certificate of any
facts found by them.
SECTION 3.8. Inspection of Books and Records. Shareholders shall have such
rights and procedures of inspection of the books and records of the Trust as
are granted to Shareholders under the Corporations and Associations Law of the
State of Maryland.
SECTION 3.9. Action by Shareholders Without Meeting. Except as otherwise
provided by law, the provisions of these By-Laws relating to notices and
meetings to the contrary notwithstanding, any action required or permitted to
be taken at any meeting of Shareholders may be taken without a meeting if a
majority of the Shareholders entitled to vote upon the action consent to the
action in writing and such consents are filed with the records of the Trust.
Such consent shall be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting of
Shareholders.
SECTION 3.10. Presence at Meetings. Presence at meetings of shareholders
requires physical attendance by the shareholder or his or her proxy at the
meeting site and does not encompass attendance by telephonic or other
electronic means.
2
<PAGE>
ARTICLE IV
TRUSTEES
SECTION 4.1. Meetings of the Trustees. The Trustees may in their discretion
provide for regular or special meetings of the Trustees. Regular meetings of
the Trustees may be held at such time and place as shall be determined from
time to time by the Trustees without further notice. Special meetings of the
Trustees may be called at any time by the Chairman and shall be called by the
President or the Secretary upon the written request of any two (2) Trustees.
SECTION 4.2. Notice of Special Meetings. Written notice of special meetings
of the Trustees, stating the place, date and time thereof, shall be given not
less than two (2) days before such meeting to each Trustee, personally, by
telegram, by mail, or by leaving such notice at his place of residence or usual
place of business. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be given when
deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the Trustee
at his address as it appears on the records of the Trust. Subject to the
provisions of the 1940 Act, notice or waiver of notice need not specify the
purpose of any special meeting.
SECTION 4.3. Telephone Meetings. Subject to the provisions of the 1940 Act,
any Trustee, or any member or members of any committee designated by the
Trustees, may participate in a meeting of the Trustees, or any such committee,
as the case may be, by means of a conference telephone or similar
communications equipment if all persons participating in the meeting can hear
each other at the same time. Participation in a meeting by these means
constitutes presence in person at the meeting.
SECTION 4.4. Quorum, Voting and Adjournment of Meetings. At all meetings of
the Trustees, a majority of the Trustees shall be requisite to and shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. If a quorum is present,
the affirmative vote of a majority of the Trustees present shall be the act of
the Trustees, unless the concurrence of a greater proportion is expressly
required for such action by law, the Declaration or these By-Laws. If at any
meeting of the Trustees there be less than a quorum present, the Trustees
present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other
than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall have been obtained.
SECTION 4.5. Action by Trustees Without Meeting. The provisions of these
By-Laws covering notices and meetings to the contrary notwithstanding, and
except as required by law, any action required or permitted to be taken at any
meeting of the Trustees may be taken without a meeting if a consent in writing
setting forth the action shall be signed by all of the Trustees entitled to
vote upon the action and such written consent is filed with the minutes of
proceedings of the Trustees.
SECTION 4.6. Expenses and Fees. Each Trustee may be allowed expenses, if
any, for attendance at each regular or special meeting of the Trustees, and
each Trustee who is not an officer or employee of the Trust or of its
investment manager or underwriter or of any corporate affiliate of any of said
persons shall receive for services rendered as a Trustee of the Trust such
compensation as may be fixed by the Trustees. Nothing herein contained shall be
construed to preclude any Trustee from serving the Trust in any other capacity
and receiving compensation therefor.
SECTION 4.7. Execution of Instruments and Documents and Signing of Checks
and Other Obligations and Transfers. All instruments, documents and other
papers shall be executed in the name and on behalf of the Trust and all checks,
notes, drafts and other obligations for the payment of money by the Trust shall
be signed, and all transfer of securities standing in the name of the Trust
shall be executed, by the Chairman, the President, any Vice President or the
Treasurer or by any one or more officers or agents of the Trust as shall be
designated for that purpose by vote of the Trustees; notwithstanding the above,
nothing in this Section 4.7 shall be deemed to preclude the electronic
authorization, by designated persons, of the Trust's Custodian (as described
herein in Section 9.1) to transfer assets of the Trust, as provided for herein
in Section 9.1.
SECTION 4.8. Indemnification of Trustees, Officers, Employees and Agents.
(a) The Trust shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened
to be made a party to any threatened, pending, or completed action, suit or
proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative
3
<PAGE>
(other than an action by or in the right of the Trust) by reason of the fact
that he is or was a Trustee, officer, employee, or agent of the Trust. The
indemnification shall be against expenses, including attorneys' fees,
judgments, fines, and amounts paid in settlement, actually and reasonably
incurred by him in connection with the action, suit, or proceeding, if he acted
in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to
the best interests of the Trust, and, with respect to any criminal action or
proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. The
termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement,
conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of
itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a
manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best
interests of the Trust, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding,
had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.
(b) The Trust shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is
threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or
suit by or on behalf of the Trust to obtain a judgment or decree in its favor
by reason of the fact that he is or was a Trustee, officer, employee, or agent
of the Trust. The indemnification shall be against expenses, including
attorneys' fees actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the
defense or settlement of the action or suit, if he acted in good faith and in a
manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of
the Trust; except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any
claim, issue, or matter as to which the person has been adjudged to be liable
for negligence or misconduct in the performance of his duty to the Trust,
except to the extent that the court in which the action or suit was brought, or
a court of equity in the county in which the Trust has its principal office,
determines upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in
view of all circumstances of the case, the person is fairly and reasonably
entitled to indemnity for those expenses which the court shall deem proper,
provided such Trustee, officer, employee or agent is not adjudged to be liable
by reason of his willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless
disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office.
(c) To the extent that a Trustee, officer, employee, or agent of the Trust
has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit
or proceeding referred to in subsection (a) or (b) or in defense of any claim,
issue or matter therein, he shall be indemnified against expenses, including
attorneys' fees, actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection
therewith.
(d) (1) Unless a court orders otherwise, any indemnification under
subsections (a) or (b) of this section may be made by the Trust only as
authorized in the specific case after a determination that indemnification of
the Trustee, officer, employee, or agent is proper in the circumstances because
he has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in subsections (a) or
(b).
(2) The determination shall be made:
(i) By the Trustees, by a majority vote of a quorum which consists
of Trustees who were not parties to the action, suit or proceeding; or
(ii) If the required quorum is not obtainable, or if a quorum of
disinterested Trustees so directs, by independent legal counsel in a
written opinion; or
(iii) By the Shareholders.
(3) Notwithstanding any provision of this Section 4.8, no person shall
be entitled to indemnification for any liability, whether or not there is
an adjudication of liability, arising by reason of willful misfeasance, bad
faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of duties as described in
Section 17(h) and (i) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 ("disabling
conduct"). A person shall be deemed not liable by reason of disabling
conduct if, either:
(i) a final decision on the merits is made by a court or other
body before whom the proceeding was brought that the person to be
indemnified ("indemnitee") was not liable by reason of disabling
conduct; or
(ii) in the absence of such a decision, a reasonable determination,
based upon a review of the facts, that the indemnitee was not liable by
reason of disabling conduct, is made by either--
4
<PAGE>
(A) a majority of a quorum of Trustees who are neither "interested
persons" of the Trust, as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the
Investment Company Act of 1940, nor parties to the action, suit or
proceeding, or
(B) an independent legal counsel in a written opinion.
(e) Expenses, including attorneys' fees, incurred by a Trustee, officer,
employee or agent of the Trust in defending a civil or criminal action, suit or
proceeding may be paid by the Trust in advance of the final disposition thereof
if:
(1) authorized in the specific case by the Trustees; and
(2) the Trust receives an undertaking by or on behalf of the Trustee,
officer, employee or agent of the Trust to repay the advance if it is not
ultimately determined that such person is entitled to be indemnified by the
Trust; and
(3) either, (i) such person provides a security for his undertaking, or
(ii) the Trust is insured against losses by reason of any lawful
advances, or
(iii) a determination, based on a review of readily available facts,
that there is reason to believe that such person ultimately will be
found entitled to indemnification, is made by either--
(A) a majority of a quorum which consists of Trustees who are
neither "interested persons" of the Trust, as defined in Section
2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act, nor parties to the action, suit or
proceeding, or
(B) an independent legal counsel in a written opinion.
(f) The indemnification provided by this Section shall not be deemed
exclusive of any other rights to which a person may be entitled under any
by-law, agreement, vote of Shareholders or disinterested Trustees or otherwise,
both as to action in his official capacity and as to action in another capacity
while holding the office, and shall continue as to a person who has ceased to
be a Trustee, officer, employee, or agent and inure to the benefit of the
heirs, executors and administrators of such person; provided that no person may
satisfy any right of indemnity or reimbursement granted herein or to which he
may be otherwise entitled except out of the property of the Trust, and no
Shareholder shall be personally liable with respect to any claim for indemnity
or reimbursement or otherwise.
(g) The Trust may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person
who is or was a Trustee, officer, employee, or agent of the Trust, against any
liability asserted against him and incurred by him in any such capacity, or
arising out of his status as such. However, in no event will the Trust purchase
insurance to indemnify any officer or Trustee against liability for any act for
which the Trust itself is not permitted to indemnify him.
(h) Nothing contained in this Section shall be construed to protect any
Trustee or officer of the Trust against any liability to the Trust or to its
security holders to which he would otherwise be subject by reason of willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties
involved in the conduct of his office.
ARTICLE V
COMMITTEES
SECTION 5.1. Executive and Other Committees. The Trustees, by resolution
adopted by a majority of the Trustees, may designate an Executive Committee
and/or committees, each committee to consist of two (2) or more of the Trustees
of the Trust and may delegate to such committees, in the intervals between
meetings of the Trustees, any or all of the powers of the Trustees in the
management of the business and affairs of the Trust. In the absence of any
member of any such committee, the members thereof present at any meeting,
whether or not they constitute a quorum, may appoint a Trustee to act in place
of such absent member. Each such committee shall keep a record of its
proceedings.
5
<PAGE>
The Executive Committee and any other committee shall fix its own rules or
procedure, but the presence of at least fifty percent (50%) of the members of
the whole committee shall in each case be necessary to constitute a quorum of
the committee and the affirmative vote of the majority of the members of the
committee present at the meeting shall be necessary to take action.
All actions of the Executive Committee shall be reported to the Trustees at
the meeting thereof next succeeding to the taking of such action.
SECTION 5.2. Advisory Committee. The Trustees may appoint an advisory
committee which shall be composed of persons who do not serve the Trust in any
other capacity and which shall have advisory functions with respect to the
investments of the Trust but which shall have no power to determine that any
security or other investment shall be purchased, sold or otherwise disposed of
by the Trust. The number of persons constituting any such advisory committee
shall be determined from time to time by the Trustees. The members of any such
advisory committee may receive compensation for their services and may be
allowed such fees and expenses for the attendance at meetings as the Trustees
may from time to time determine to be appropriate.
SECTION 5.3. Committee Action Without Meeting. The provisions of these
By-Laws covering notices and meetings to the contrary notwithstanding, and
except as required by law, any action required or permitted to be taken at any
meeting of any Committee of the Trustees appointed pursuant to Section 5.1 of
these By-Laws may be taken without a meeting if a consent in writing setting
forth the action shall be signed by all members of the Committee entitled to
vote upon the action and such written consent is filed with the records of the
proceedings of the Committee.
ARTICLE VI
OFFICERS
SECTION 6.1. Executive Officers. The executive officers of the Trust shall
be a Chairman, a President, one or more Vice Presidents, a Secretary and a
Treasurer. The Chairman shall be selected from among the Trustees but none of
the other executive officers need be a Trustee. Two or more offices, except
those of President and any Vice President, may be held by the same person, but
no officer shall execute, acknowledge or verify any instrument in more than one
capacity. The executive officers of the Trust shall be elected annually by the
Trustees and each executive officer so elected shall hold office until his
successor is elected and has qualified.
SECTION 6.2. Other Officers and Agents. The Trustees may also elect one or
more Assistant Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers
and may elect, or may delegate to the President the power to appoint, such
other officers and agents as the Trustees shall at any time or
from time to time deem advisable.
SECTION 6.3. Term and Removal and Vacancies. Each officer of the Trust shall
hold office until his successor is elected and has qualified. Any officer or
agent of the Trust may be removed by the Trustees whenever, in their judgment,
the best interests of the Trust will be served thereby, but such removal shall
be without prejudice to the contractual rights, if any, of the person so
removed.
SECTION 6.4. Compensation of Officers. The compensation of officers and
agents of the Trust shall be fixed by the Trustees, or by the President to the
extent provided by the Trustees with respect to officers appointed by the
President.
SECTION 6.5. Power and Duties. All officers and agents of the Trust, as
between themselves and the Trust, shall have such authority and perform such
duties in the management of the Trust as may be provided in or pursuant to
these By-Laws, or to the extent not so provided, as may be prescribed by the
Trustees; provided, that no rights of any third party shall be affected or
impaired by any such By-Law or resolution of the Trustees unless he has
knowledge thereof.
SECTION 6.6. The Chairman. The Chairman shall preside at all meetings of the
Shareholders and of the Trustees; shall be a signatory on all Annual and
Semi-Annual Reports as may be sent to shareholders, and he shall perform such
other duties as the Trustees may from time to time prescribe.
6
<PAGE>
SECTION 6.7. The President. (a) The President shall be the chief executive
officer of the Trust; he shall have general and active management of the
business of the Trust, shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board
of Trustees are carried into effect, and, in connection therewith, shall be
authorized to delegate to one or more Vice Presidents such of his powers and
duties at such times and in such manner as he may deem advisable.
(b) In the absence of the Chairman, the President shall preside at all
meetings of the shareholders and the Board of Trustees; and he shall perform
such other duties as the Board of Trustees may from time to time prescribe.
SECTION 6.8. The Vice Presidents. The Vice Presidents shall be of such
number and shall have such titles as may be determined from time to time by the
Trustees. The Vice President, or, if there be more than one, the Vice
Presidents in the order of their seniority as may be determined from time to
time by the Trustees or the President, shall, in the absence or disability of
the President, exercise the powers and perform the duties of the President, and
he or they shall perform such other duties as the Trustees or the President may
from time to time prescribe.
SECTION 6.9. The Assistant Vice Presidents. The Assistant Vice President,
or, if there be more than one, the Assistant Vice Presidents, shall perform
such duties and have such powers as may be assigned them from time to time by
the Trustees or the President.
SECTION 6.10. The Secretary. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the
Trustees and all meetings of the Shareholders and record all the proceedings of
the meetings of the Shareholders and of the Trustees in a book to be kept for
that purpose, and shall perform like duties for the standing committees when
required. He shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the
Shareholders and special meetings of the Trustees, and shall perform such other
duties and have such powers as the Trustees, or the President, may from time to
time prescribe. He shall keep in safe custody the seal of the Trust and affix
or cause the same to be affixed to any instrument requiring it, and, when so
affixed, it shall be attested by his signature or by the signature of an
Assistant Secretary.
SECTION 6.11. The Assistant Secretaries. The Assistant Secretary, or, if
there be more than one, the Assistant Secretaries in the order determined by
the Trustees or the President, shall, in the absence or disability of the
Secretary, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary and
shall perform such duties and have such other powers as the Trustees or the
President may from time to time prescribe.
SECTION 6.12. The Treasurer. The Treasurer shall be the chief financial
officer of the Trust. He shall keep or cause to be kept full and accurate
accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Trust, and he
shall render to the Trustees and the President, whenever any of them require
it, an account of his transactions as Treasurer and of the financial condition
of the Trust; and he shall perform such other duties as the Trustees, or the
President, may from time to time prescribe.
SECTION 6.13. The Assistant Treasurers. The Assistant Treasurer, or, if
there shall be more than one, the Assistant Treasurers in the order determined
by the Trustees or the President, shall, in the absence or disability of the
Treasurer, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Treasurer and
shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Trustees, or
the President, may from time to time prescribe.
SECTION 6.14. Delegation of Duties. Whenever an officer is absent or
disabled, or whenever for any reason the Trustees may deem it desirable, the
Trustees may delegate the powers and duties of an officer or officers to any
other officer or officers or to any Trustee or Trustees.
ARTICLE VII
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
Subject to any applicable provisions of law and the Declaration, dividends
and distributions upon the Shares may be declared at such intervals as the
Trustees may determine, in cash, in securities or other property, or in Shares,
from any sources permitted by law, all as the Trustees shall from time to time
determine.
7
<PAGE>
Inasmuch as the computation of net income and net profits from the sales of
securities or other properties for federal income tax purposes may vary from
the computation thereof on the records of the Trust, the Trustees shall have
power, in their discretion, to distribute as income dividends and as capital
gain distributions, respectively, amounts sufficient to enable the Trust to
avoid or reduce liability for federal income taxes.
ARTICLE VIII
CERTIFICATES OF SHARES
SECTION 8.1. Certificates of Shares. Certificates for Shares of each series
or class of Shares shall be in such form and of such design as the Trustees
shall approve, subject to the right of the Trustees to change such form and
design at any time or from time to time, and shall be entered in the records of
the Trust as they are issued. Each such certificate shall bear a distinguishing
number; shall exhibit the holder's name and certify the number of full Shares
owned by such holder; shall be signed by or in the name of the Trust by the
President, or a Vice President, and countersigned by the Secretary or an
Assistant Secretary or the Treasurer and an Assistant Treasurer of the Trust;
shall be sealed with the seal; and shall contain such recitals as may be
required by law. Where any certificate is signed by a Transfer Agent or by a
Registrar, the signature of such officers and the seal may be facsimile,
printed or engraved. The Trust may, at its option, determine not to issue a
certificate or certificates to evidence Shares owned of record by any
Shareholder.
In case any officer or officers who shall have signed, or whose facsimile
signature or signatures shall appear on, any such certificate or certificates
shall cease to be such officer or officers of the Trust, whether because of
death, resignation or otherwise, before such certificate or certificates shall
have been delivered by the Trust, such certificate or certificates shall,
nevertheless, be adopted by the Trust and be issued and delivered as though the
person or persons who signed such certificate or certificates or whose
facsimile signature or signatures shall appear therein had not ceased to be
such officer or officers of the Trust.
No certificate shall be issued for any share until such share is fully paid.
SECTION 8.2. Lost, Stolen, Destroyed and Mutilated Certificates. The
Trustees may direct a new certificate or certificates to be issued in place of
any certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the Trust alleged to have
been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon satisfactory proof of such loss, theft, or
destruction; and the Trustees may, in their discretion, require the owner of
the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or his legal representative, to give
to the Trust and to such Registrar, Transfer Agent and/or Transfer Clerk as may
be authorized or required to countersign such new certificate or certificates,
a bond in such sum and of such type as they may direct, and with such surety or
sureties, as they may direct, as indemnity against any claim that may be
against them or any of them on account of or in connection with the alleged
loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate.
ARTICLE IX
CUSTODIAN
SECTION 9.1. Appointment and Duties. The Trust shall at times employ a bank
or trust company having capital, surplus and undivided profits of at least five
million dollars ($5,000,000) as custodian with authority as its agent, but
subject to such restrictions, limitations and other requirements, if any, as
may be contained in these By-Laws and the 1940 Act:
(1) to receive and hold the securities owned by the Trust and deliver
the same upon written or electronically transmitted order;
(2) to receive and receipt for any moneys due to the Trust and deposit
the same in its own banking department or elsewhere as the Trustees may
direct;
(3) to disburse such funds upon orders or vouchers;
8
<PAGE>
all upon such basis of compensation as may be agreed upon between the Trustees
and the custodian. If so directed by a Majority Shareholder Vote, the custodian
shall deliver and pay over all property of the Trust held by it as specified in
such vote.
The Trustees may also authorize the custodian to employ one or more
sub-custodians from time to time to perform such of the acts and services of
the custodian and upon such terms and conditions as may be agreed upon between
the custodian and such sub-custodian and approved by the Trustees.
SECTION 9.2. Central Certificate System. Subject to such rules, regulations
and orders as the Commission may adopt, the Trustees may direct the custodian
to deposit all or any part of the securities owned by the Trust in a system for
the central handling of securities established by a national securities
exchange or a national securities association registered with the Commission
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or such other person as may be
permitted by the Commission, or otherwise in accordance with the 1940 Act,
pursuant to which system all securities of any particular class or series of
any issuer deposited within the system are treated as fungible and may be
transferred or pledged by bookkeeping entry without physical delivery of such
securities, provided that all such deposits shall be subject to withdrawal only
upon the order of the Trust.
ARTICLE X
WAIVER OF NOTICE
Whenever any notice of the time, place or purpose of any meeting of
Shareholders, Trustees, or of any committee is required to be given in
accordance with law or under the provisions of the Declaration or these
By-Laws, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled
to such notice and filed with the records of the meeting, whether before or
after the holding thereof, or actual attendance at the meeting of Shareholders,
Trustees or committee, as the case may be, in person, shall be deemed
equivalent to the giving of such notice to such person.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
SECTION 11.1. Location of Books and Records. The books and records of the
Trust may be kept outside the Commonwealth of Massachusetts at such place or
places as the Trustees may from time to time determine, except as otherwise
required by law.
SECTION 11.2. Record Date. The Trustees may fix in advance a date as the
record date for the purpose of determining Shareholders entitled to notice of,
or to vote at, any meeting of Shareholders, or Shareholders entitled to receive
payment of any dividend or the allotment of any rights, or in order to make a
determination of Shareholders for any other proper purpose. Such date, in any
case, shall be not more than ninety (90) days, and in case of a meeting of
Shareholders not less than ten (10) days, prior to the date on which particular
action requiring such determination of Shareholders is to be taken. In lieu of
fixing a record date the Trustees may provide that the transfer books shall be
closed for a stated period but not to exceed, in any case, twenty (20) days. If
the transfer books are closed for the purpose of determining Shareholders
entitled to notice of a vote at a meeting of Shareholders, such books shall be
closed for at least ten (10) days immediately preceding such meeting.
SECTION 11.3. Seal. The Trustees shall adopt a seal, which shall be in such
form and shall have such inscription thereon as the Trustees may from time to
time provide. The seal of the Trust may be affixed to any document, and the
seal and its attestation may be lithographed, engraved or otherwise printed on
any document with the same force and effect as if it had been imprinted and
attested manually in the same manner and with the same effect as if done by a
Massachusetts business corporation under Massachusetts law.
SECTION 11.4. Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Trust shall end on such
date as the Trustees may by resolution specify, and the Trustees may by
resolution change such date for future fiscal years at any time and from time
to time.
9
<PAGE>
SECTION 11.5. Orders for Payment of Money. All orders or instructions for
the payment of money of the Trust, and all notes or other evidences of
indebtedness issued in the name of the Trust, shall be signed by such officer
or officers or such other person or persons as the Trustees may from time to
time designate, or as may be specified in or pursuant to the agreement between
the Trust and the bank or trust company appointed as Custodian of the
securities and funds of the Trust.
ARTICLE XII
COMPLIANCE WITH FEDERAL REGULATIONS
The Trustees are hereby empowered to take such action as they may deem to be
necessary, desirable or appropriate so that the Trust is or shall be in
compliance with any federal or state statute, rule or regulation with which
compliance by the Trust is required.
ARTICLE XIII
AMENDMENTS
These By-Laws may be amended, altered, or repealed, or new By-Laws may be
adopted, (a) by a Majority Shareholder Vote, or (b) by the Trustees; provided,
however, that no By-Law may be amended, adopted or repealed by the Trustees if
such amendment, adoption or repeal requires, pursuant to law, the Declaration,
or these By-Laws, a vote of the Shareholders. The Trustees shall in no event
adopt By-Laws which are in conflict with the Declaration, and any apparent
inconsistency shall be construed in favor of the related provisions in the
Declaration.
ARTICLE XIV
DECLARATION OF TRUST
The Declaration of Trust establishing Dean Witter American Value Fund, dated
April 6, 1987, a copy of which, together with all amendments thereto, is on
file in the office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts,
provides that the name Dean Witter American Value Fund refers to the Trustees
under the Declaration collectively as Trustees, but not as individuals or
personally; and no Trustee, Shareholder, officer, employee or agent of Dean
Witter American Value Fund shall be held to any personal liability, nor shall
resort be had to their private property for the satisfaction of any obligation
or claim or otherwise, in connection with the affairs of said Dean Witter
American Value Fund, but the Trust Estate only shall be liable.
10
<PAGE>
AMENDMENT TO CUSTODY AGREEMENT
Amendment made as of this 17th day of April, 1996 by and between Dean
Witter American Value Fund (the "Fund") and The Bank of New York (the
"Custodian") to the Custody Agreement between the Fund and the Custodian dated
September 20, 1991 (the "Custody Agreement"). The Custody Agreement is hereby
amended as follows:
Article XV Section 8 of the Custody Agreement shall be deleted and be
replaced by Sections 8.(a), 8.(b) and 8.(c) as set forth below:
"8. (a) The Custodian will use reasonable care with respect to its
obligations under this Agreement and the safekeeping of Securities and moneys
owned by the Fund. The Custodian shall indemnify the Fund against and save the
Fund harmless from all liability, claims, losses and demands whatsoever,
including attorneys' fees, howsoever arising or incurred as the result of the
failure of a subcustodian which is a banking institution located in a foreign
country and identified on Schedule A attached hereto and as amended from time
to time upon mutual agreement of the parties (each, a "Subcustodian") to
exercise reasonable care with respect to the safekeeping of such Securities and
moneys to the same extent that the Custodian would be liable to the Fund if the
Custodian were holding such securities and moneys in New York. In the event of
any loss to the Fund by reason of the failure of the Custodian or a
Subcustodian to utilize reasonable care, the Custodian shall be liable to the
Fund only to the extent of the Fund's direct damages, to be determined based on
the market value of the Securities and moneys which are the subject of the loss
at the date of discovery of such loss and without reference to any special
conditions or circumstances.
8. (b) The Custodian shall not be liable for any loss which results from
(i) the general risk of investing, or (ii) investing or holding Securities and
moneys in a particular country including, but not limited to, losses resulting
from nationalization, expropriation or other governmental actions; regulation
of the banking or securities industry; currency restrictions, devaluations or
fluctuations; or market conditions which prevent the orderly execution of
securities transactions or affect the value of Securities or moneys.
8. (c) Neither party shall be liable to the other for any loss due to
forces beyond its control including, but not limited to, strikes or work
stoppages, acts of war or terrorism, insurrection, revolution, nuclear fusion,
fission or radiation, or acts of God."
<PAGE>
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be
executed by their respective Officers, thereunto duly authorized and their
respective seals to be hereunto affixed, as of the day and year first above
written.
DEAN WITTER AMERICAN VALUE FUND
[SEAL] By: /s/ D.A. Hughey
---------------------------
D.A. Hughey
Attest:
/s/ R.M. Scanlan
- -----------------------------
R.M. Scanlan
THE BANK OF NEW YORK
[SEAL] By: /s/ S. Grunston
---------------------------
S. Grunston
Attest:
/s/ V. Blazewicz
- -----------------------------
V. Blazewicz
<PAGE>
SCHEDULE A
COUNTRY/MARKET SUBCUSTODIAN
- -------------- ------------
Argentina The Bank of Boston
Australia ANZ Banking Group Limited
Austria Girocredit Bank AG
Bangladesh* Standard Chartered Bank
Belgium Banque Bruxelles Lambert
Botswana* Stanbic Bank Botswana Ltd.
Brazil The Bank of Boston
Canada Royal Trust/Royal Bank of Canada
Chile The Bank of Boston/Banco de Chile
China Standard Chartered Bank
Colombia Citibank, N.A.
Denmark Den Danske Bank
Euromarket CEDEL
Euroclear
First Chicago Clearing Centre
Finland Union Bank of Finland
France Banque Paribas/Credit Commercial de France
Germany Dresdner Bank A.G.
Ghana* Merchant Bank Ghana Ltd.
Greece Alpha Credit Bank
Hong Kong Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corp.
Indonesia Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corp.
Ireland Allied Irish Bank
Israel Israel Discount Bank
Italy Banca Commerciale Italiana
Japan Yasuda Trust & Banking Co., Lt.
Korea Bank of Seoul
Luxembourg Kredietbank S.A.
Malaysia Hong Kong Bank Malaysia Berhad
Mexico Banco Nacional de Mexico (Banamex)
Netherlands Mees Pierson
New Zealand ANZ Banking Group Limited
Norway Den Norske Bank
Pakistan Standard Chartered Bank
Peru Citibank, N.A.
Philippines Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corp.
Poland Bank Handlowy w Warsawie
Portugal Banco Comercial Portugues
Singapore United Overseas Bank
South Africa Standard Bank of South Africa Limited
Spain Banco Bilbao Vizcaya
Sri Lanka Standard Chartered Bank
<PAGE>
SCHEDULE A
COUNTRY/MARKET SUBCUSTODIAN
- -------------- ------------
Sweden Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken
Switzerland Union Bank of Switzerland
Taiwan Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking
Corp.
Thailand Siam Commercial Bank
Turkey Citibank, N.A.
United Kingdom The Bank of New York
United States The Bank of New York
Uruguay The Bank of Boston
Venezuela Citibank, N.A.
Zimbabwe* Stanbic Bank Zimbabwe Ltd.
*Not yet 17(f)5 compliant
<PAGE>
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
We hereby consent to the use in the Statement of Additional Information
constituting part of this Post-Effective Amendment No. 20 to the registration
statement on Form N-1A (the "Registration Statement") of our report dated
February 6, 1997, relating to the financial statements and financial highlights
of Dean Witter American Value Fund, which appears in such Statement of
Additional Information, and to the incorporation by reference of our report
into the Prospectus which constitutes part of this Registration Statement.
We also consent to the references to us under the headings "Experts" and
"Independent Accountants" in such Statement of Additional Information and to
the reference to us under the heading "Financial Highlights" in such Prospectus.
/s/ Price Waterhouse LLP
- ---------------------------
Price Waterhouse LLP
1177 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10036
March 24, 1997
<PAGE>
SCHEDULE FOR COMPUTATIONS OF PERFORMANCE QUOTATIONS
AMERICAN VALUE FUND
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
(A) AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS (I.E. STANDARDIZED COMPUTATIONS)
- -
| ---------------------- |
FORMULA: | | |
| /\ n | ERV |
T = | \ | ------------- | - 1
| \ | P |
| \| |
|_ _|
T = AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURN
n = NUMBER OF YEARS
ERV = ENDING REDEEMABLE VALUE
P = INITIAL INVESTMENT
(A)
$1,000 ERV AS OF NUMBER OF AVERAGE ANNUAL
INVESTED - P 31-Dec-96 YEARS - n TOTAL RETURN - T
- ------------ --------- ----------- -----------------
31-Dec-95 $1,055.60 1 5.56%
31-Dec-91 $1,786.60 5 12.31%
31-Dec-86 $3,998.60 10 14.87%
(B) AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS WITHOUT DEDUCTION FOR APPLICABLE
SALES CHARGE (NON STANDARD COMPUTATIONS)
(C) TOTAL RETURN WITHOUT DEDUCTION FOR APPLICABLE SALES CHARGE
(NON STANDARD COMPUTATIONS)
- -
| ---------------------- |
FORMULA: | | |
| /\ n | EV |
t = | \ | ------------- | - 1
| \ | P |
| \| |
|_ _|
EV
TR = ---------- - 1
P
t = AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURN
(NO DEDUCTION FOR APPLICABLE SALES CHARGE)
n = NUMBER OF YEARS
EV = ENDING VALUE (NO DEDUCTION FOR APPLICABLE SALES CHARGE)
P = INITIAL INVESTMENT
TR = TOTAL RETURN (NO DEDUCTION FOR APPLICABLE SALES CHARGE)
(C) (B)
$1,000 EV AS OF TOTAL NUMBER OF AVERAGE ANNUAL
INVESTED - P 31-Dec-96 RETURN - TR YEARS - n TOTAL RETURN - t
- ------------ --------- ----------- --------- ----------------
31-Dec-95 $1,105.30 10.53% 1 10.53%
31-Dec-91 $1,806.60 80.66% 5 12.56%
31-Dec-86 $3,998.60 299.86% 10 14.87%
(D) GROWTH OF $10,000
(E) GROWTH OF $50,000
(F) GROWTH OF $100,000
FORMULA: G= (TR+1)*P
G= GROWTH OF INITIAL INVESTMENT
P= INITIAL INVESTMENT
TR= TOTAL RETURN SINCE INCEPTION
$10,000 TOTAL (D) GROWTH OF (E) GROWTH OF (F) GROWTH OF
INVESTED - P RETURN - TR $10,000 INVESTMENT - G $50,000 INVESTMENT - G $100,000 INVESTMENT - G
- ------------ ----------- ---------------------- ---------------------- -----------------------
27-Mar-80 846.64 $94,664 $473,320 $946,640
</TABLE>
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<PAGE>
<ARTICLE> 6
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> 12-MOS
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1996
<PERIOD-END> DEC-31-1996
<INVESTMENTS-AT-COST> 2,807,049,000
<INVESTMENTS-AT-VALUE> 3,076,689,764
<RECEIVABLES> 40,981,170
<ASSETS-OTHER> 49,231
<OTHER-ITEMS-ASSETS> 0
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 3,117,720,165
<PAYABLE-FOR-SECURITIES> 11,000,900
<SENIOR-LONG-TERM-DEBT> 0
<OTHER-ITEMS-LIABILITIES> 7,868,782
<TOTAL-LIABILITIES> 18,869,682
<SENIOR-EQUITY> 0
<PAID-IN-CAPITAL-COMMON> 2,712,418,934
<SHARES-COMMON-STOCK> 114,750,518
<SHARES-COMMON-PRIOR> 87,963,108
<ACCUMULATED-NII-CURRENT> (43,257)
<OVERDISTRIBUTION-NII> 0
<ACCUMULATED-NET-GAINS> 116,834,042
<OVERDISTRIBUTION-GAINS> 0
<ACCUM-APPREC-OR-DEPREC> 269,640,764
<NET-ASSETS> 3,098,850,483
<DIVIDEND-INCOME> 21,737,318
<INTEREST-INCOME> 11,658,199
<OTHER-INCOME> 0
<EXPENSES-NET> 42,436,893
<NET-INVESTMENT-INCOME> (9,041,376)
<REALIZED-GAINS-CURRENT> 275,397,900
<APPREC-INCREASE-CURRENT> 13,163,448
<NET-CHANGE-FROM-OPS> 279,519,972
<EQUALIZATION> 0
<DISTRIBUTIONS-OF-INCOME> (1,126,313)
<DISTRIBUTIONS-OF-GAINS> (299,891,577)
<DISTRIBUTIONS-OTHER> 0
<NUMBER-OF-SHARES-SOLD> 36,925,212
<NUMBER-OF-SHARES-REDEEMED> (20,736,856)
<SHARES-REINVESTED> 10,599,054
<NET-CHANGE-IN-ASSETS> 709,963,104
<ACCUMULATED-NII-PRIOR> 1,103,834
<ACCUMULATED-GAINS-PRIOR> 150,271,791
<OVERDISTRIB-NII-PRIOR> 0
<OVERDIST-NET-GAINS-PRIOR> 0
<GROSS-ADVISORY-FEES> 14,111,045
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 0
<GROSS-EXPENSE> 42,436,893
<AVERAGE-NET-ASSETS> 2,773,000,392
<PER-SHARE-NAV-BEGIN> 27.16
<PER-SHARE-NII> (.08)
<PER-SHARE-GAIN-APPREC> 2.86
<PER-SHARE-DIVIDEND> (.01)
<PER-SHARE-DISTRIBUTIONS> (2.92)
<RETURNS-OF-CAPITAL> 0
<PER-SHARE-NAV-END> 27.01
<EXPENSE-RATIO> 1.53
<AVG-DEBT-OUTSTANDING> 0
<AVG-DEBT-PER-SHARE> 0
</TABLE>
