WICOR INC
10-Q, 1999-05-03
NATURAL GAS DISTRIBUTION
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<PAGE>
<PAGE>  1
                     SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                            Washington, D.C. 20549

                                  FORM 10 - Q

   /X/     QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE
                        SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
                For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 1999
                                     or
   / /    TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE
                       SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
                    For the transition period from      to

                        Commission file number 1-7951

                                WICOR,  Inc.
           ------------------------------------------------------
           (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

                   Wisconsin                           39-1346701
         -------------------------------           -----------------
         (State or other jurisdiction of            (I.R.S. Employer
         incorporation or organization)            Identification No.)

              626 East Wisconsin Avenue
                 Milwaukee, Wisconsin                    53202
       ---------------------------------------         ----------
       (Address of principal executive office)         (Zip Code)

                               (414) 291-7026
            ----------------------------------------------------
            (Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports 
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period 
that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been 
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes    X     No       

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes 
of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

          Class                   Outstanding at April 16, 1999
- --------------------------        -------------------------------
Common Stock, $1 Par Value                   37,447,115

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  2
                              INTRODUCTION

WICOR, Inc. ("WICOR" or the "Company") is a diversified holding company 
with two principal business groups: an Energy Group responsible for 
natural gas distribution and related services, and a Manufacturing Group 
responsible for the manufacture of pumps and processing equipment used to 
pump, control, transfer, hold and filter water and other fluids.  The 
Company engages in natural gas distribution through its subsidiary, 
Wisconsin Gas Company ("Wisconsin Gas"), the oldest and largest natural 
gas distribution utility in Wisconsin.  The Company engages in the 
manufacture and sale of pumps and processing equipment through several 
nonutility subsidiaries.  The Company's manufactured products primarily 
have water system, pool and spa, agricultural, RV/marine and 
beverage/food service applications. The Company markets its pump and 
processing products in about 100 countries.  The Company is incorporated 
under the laws of the State of Wisconsin and is exempt from registration 
as a holding company under the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 
1935, as amended.

                              CONTENTS
                                                                   PAGE

PART I - Financial Information                                        1

  Consolidated Financial Statements of WICOR, Inc. (Unaudited):
  -------------------------------------------------------------
    Consolidated Statements of Operation for the
      Three Months Ended March 31, 1999 and 1998                      2

    Consolidated Balance Sheets as of
      March 31, 1999 and December 31, 1998                          3-4

    Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the
      Three Months Ended March 31, 1999 and 1998                      5

    Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements                      6-7

  Management's Discussion and Analysis of
    Interim Financial Statements                                   8-12

  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk         12

PART II -  Other Information and Exhibits

  Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K                                   13

  Signatures                                                         14

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  3
Forward-Looking Statements
- --------------------------
Certain matters discussed in this report are   forward-looking statements   
intended to qualify for the safe harbor from liability established by the 
Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking 
statements generally can be identified as such because they include words 
such as the Company   believes,     anticipates,     expects,   or words 
of similar import. Similarly, statements that describe the Company's 
future plans, objectives or goals also are considered forward-looking. 
Such statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could 
cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations. 
These factors include but are not limited to the risks and uncertainties 
listed below. All of these factors are difficult to predict and generally 
beyond management's control.

  >>  the impact of warmer- or colder-than-normal weather on the energy 
      business

  >>  the impact of cool or wet weather on pump manufacturing markets

  >>  economic conditions, including the availability of individual 
      discretionary income and changes in interest rates and foreign currency 
      valuations

  >>  changes in natural gas prices and supply availability

  >>  increased competition in deregulated energy markets

  >>  the pace and extent of energy industry deregulation

  >>  regulatory, governmental and judiciary decisions

  >>  increases in costs to clean up environmental contamination

  >>  the Company's ability to increase prices

  >>  market demand for the Company's products and services

  >>  unanticipated expenses or outcomes associated with year 2000 date 
      conversion

Part 1 - Financial Information
- ------------------------------

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  4

Item 1. Financial Statements
- ----------------------------
The consolidated statements included herein have been prepared without 
audit pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and 
Exchange Commission.  Certain information and footnote disclosures 
normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted 
pursuant to such rules and regulations, although management believes that 
the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not 
misleading.  These condensed financial statements should be read in 
conjunction with the audited financial statements and the notes thereto 
included in the WICOR, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended 
December 31, 1998.

In the opinion of management, the information furnished reflects all 
adjustments, which in all circumstances were normal and recurring, 
necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations for the 
interim periods.

Because of seasonal factors, the results of operations for the interim 
periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be 
expected for the full calendar year.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  5
                            WICOR, INC.
          Consolidated Statements of Operation (Unaudited)
            (Amounts in Thousands, Except Per Share Data)
[CAPTION]
<TABLE>
                                                      Three Months Ended
                                                           March 31,
                                                    ----------------------
                                                       1999        1998
                                                    ----------  ----------
<S>                                                 <C>         <C>
Operating Revenues:
  Energy                                            $ 187,182   $ 187,003
  Manufacturing                                       117,059     116,324
                                                    ----------  ----------
                                                      304,241     303,327
                                                    ----------  ----------

Operating Costs and Expenses:
  Cost of gas sold                                    107,579     115,349
  Manufacturing cost of sales                          82,999      82,905
  Operations and maintenance                           51,975      50,737
  Depreciation and amortization                         9,092       8,737
    Taxes, other than income taxes                      2,504       2,614
                                                    ----------  ----------
                                                      254,149     260,342
                                                    ----------  ----------
Operating Income                                       50,092      42,985
                                                    ----------  ----------
Interest Expense                                       (4,457)     (4,654)
  Other Income, net                                       770       1,683
                                                    ----------  ----------
Income Before Income Taxes                             46,405      40,014
Income Tax Provision                                   17,539      15,051
                                                    ----------  ----------
Net Earnings                                        $  28,866   $  24,963
                                                    ==========  ==========

Per Share of Common Stock:
  Basic earnings                                    $    0.77   $    0.67 
  Diluted earnings                                  $    0.77   $    0.66 
  Cash Dividends paid                               $   0.220   $   0.215 

Average shares outstanding                             37,413      37,242
Average diluted shares outstanding                     37,619      37,623
</TABLE>

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  6
                                       WICOR, INC.          
                             Consolidated Balance Sheets        
[CAPTION]
<TABLE>
                                                    March 31,
                                                      1999      December 31,
                                                   (Unaudited)      1998
Assets                                             -----------  ------------
- ------                                               (Thousands of Dollars)
<S>                                                <C>          <C>
Current Assets:
  Cash and cash equivalents                        $    3,769   $    13,383
  Accounts receivable, less allowance
    for doubtful accounts of $17,728
    and $12,511, respectively                         185,721       137,321
  Accrued utility revenues                             31,811        47,483
  Manufacturing inventories                            84,654        86,312
    Gas in storage, at weighted average cost           11,723        36,919
  Deferred income taxes                                17,216        17,195
  Prepayments and other                                13,200        15,542
                                                   -----------  ------------
                                                      348,094       354,155
  Property, Plant and Equipment (less accum-       -----------  ------------
      ulated depreciation of $546,558
      and $535,002, respectively)                     443,273       447,665
                                                   -----------  ------------
Deferred Charges and Other:
  Goodwill                                             66,808        67,552
  Regulatory assets                                    58,036        59,319
  Prepaid pension costs                                51,886        50,011
  Other                                                35,782        36,494
                                                   -----------  ------------
                                                      212,512       213,376
                                                   -----------  ------------
                                                   $1,003,879   $ 1,015,196
                                                   ===========  ============
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.


<PAGE>
<PAGE>  7
                               WICOR, INC.
                      Consolidated Balance Sheets
                               (continued)
[CAPTION]
<TABLE>
                                                    March 31,
                                                      1999      December 31,
                                                   (Unaudited)      1998
Liabilities and Capitalization                    ------------  ------------
- ------------------------------                      (Thousands of Dollars)
<S>                                               <C>           <C>
Current Liabilities:
  Short-term borrowings                           $    43,823   $   107,653
  Accounts payable                                     70,526        70,000
  Current portion of long-term debt                     1,490         3,528
  Refundable gas costs                                 50,115        18,570
  Accrued payroll and benefits                         18,145        20,490
  Accrued taxes                                        21,889         7,885
  Other                                                12,351        16,526
                                                  ------------  ------------
                                                      218,339       244,652
                                                  ------------  ------------
Deferred Credits and Other:
  Postretirement benefit obligation                    58,848        60,627
  Regulatory liabilities                               30,106        32,153
  Deferred income taxes                                49,211        49,065
  Accrued environmental remediation costs              10,057        11,215
  Unamortized investment tax credit                     6,000         6,357
  Other                                                19,375        19,217
                                                  ------------  ------------
                                                      173,597       178,634
                                                  ------------  ------------
Capitalization:
  Long-term debt                                      187,212       188,470
  Common stock                                         37,417        37,359
  Other paid-in capital                               217,456       216,821
  Retained earnings                                   181,569       160,937
  Accumulated other comprehensive income               (8,284)       (7,905)
  Unearned compensation - ESOP
    and restricted stock                               (3,427)       (3,772)
                                                  ------------  ------------
                                                      611,943       591,910
                                                  ------------  ------------
                                                  $ 1,003,879   $ 1,015,196
                                                  ============  ============
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  8
                              WICOR, INC.
             Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
[CAPTION]
<TABLE>
                                                          Three Months Ended
                                                               March 31,
                                                        ----------------------
                                                           1999        1998
                         (Thousands of Dollars)         ----------  ----------
<S>                                                     <C>         <C>
Operations:
  Net earnings                                          $  28,866   $  24,963
  Adj. to reconcile net earnings to net cash flows:
    Depreciation and amortization                          14,118      13,926
    Deferred income taxes                                     125         153
    Net pension/other postretirement benefit (income)      (2,155)     (1,292)
    Change in:
      Receivables                                         (32,728)    (37,211)
      Manufacturing inventories                             1,658      (4,765)
      Gas in storage                                       25,196      33,375
      Other current assets                                  2,342        (700)
      Accounts payable                                        526        (699)
      Refundable gas costs                                 31,545      23,943
      Accrued taxes                                        14,004      11,195
      Other current liabilities                            (6,520)       (542)
      Other non-current assets and liabilities, net        (4,835)     (2,625)
                                                        ----------  ----------
                                                           72,142      59,721
Investment Activities:                                  ----------  ----------
  Capital expenditures                                     (8,162)     (8,191)
  Other                                                       (23)        110
                                                        ----------  ----------
                                                           (8,185)     (8,081)
Financing Activities:                                   ----------  ----------
  Change in short-term borrowings                         (63,830)    (52,474)
  Reduction in long-term debt                              (2,157)     (2,168)
  Issuance of long-term debt                                    -       2,828
  Issuance of common stock                                    693         863
  Dividends paid on common stock                           (8,277)     (8,005)
                                                        ----------  ----------
                                                          (73,571)    (58,956)
                                                        ----------  ----------
Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents                        (9,614)     (7,316)
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period           13,383      11,810
                                                        ----------  ----------
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period              $   3,769   $   4,494
                                                        ==========  ==========
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  9
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited):

1) The Company and its subsidiaries maintain lines of credit worldwide. 
At March 31, 1999 the Company had borrowings of $43.8 million and 
availability of $266.3 million under unsecured lines of credit with 
several banks.

   A total of $30.3 million of commercial paper, classified as short-term 
debt, was outstanding as of March 31, 1999 at a weighted average interest 
rate of 5.0%.


2) For purposes of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, income 
taxes paid, net of refunds, and interest paid (excluding capitalized 
interest) were as follows:

                                                    For the Three Months
                                                       Ended March 31,
                                                  -----------------------
                                                     1999        1998
                                                  ----------  ----------
                                                  (Thousands of Dollars)
   Income taxes paid                              $    4,784  $    6,947
   Interest paid                                  $    3,570  $    3,691


3) Total comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 1999 
and 1998 is as follows:

                                                     1999        1998
                                                  ----------  ----------
  Net earnings                                    $  28,866   $  24,963
  Other comprehensive income
     Currency translation adjustments                  (379)       (543)
                                                  ----------  ----------
  Total comprehensive income                      $  28,487   $  24,420
                                                  ==========  ==========


4)  Business Segment Information

The Company is a diversified holding company with two principal business 
segments: an Energy Group responsible for natural gas distribution and 
related services, and a Manufacturing Group responsible for the 
manufacture of pumps and processing equipment used to pump, control, 
transfer, hold and filter water and other fluids.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  10
The Company's reportable segments are managed separately because each 
business requires different technology and marketing strategies. Most of 
the businesses were acquired as a unit, and the management at the time of 
the acquisition was retained. The accounting policies of the reportable 
segments are the same as those described in Note 1 of Notes to the 
Consolidated Financial Statements contained in the Company's annual 
report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998. The 
Company evaluates the performance of its operating segments based on 
income from continuing operations.  Intersegment sales and transfers are 
not significant.

Information regarding products and services and geographic areas are not 
presented as they are not included in measures that are reviewed by the 
Company.

Summarized financial information concerning the Company's reportable 
segments for the three-month's ending March 31, 1999 and 1998 is shown in 
the following table. The other energy category includes the results of 
the parent company only and non-regulated energy operations involved in 
energy and risk management services, automated meter reading and other 
related services.

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                  Energy
                      ------------------------------
                      REGULATED   OTHER      TOTAL   MANUFACTURING CONSOLIDATED
                      --------- --------- ---------- ------------- ------------
                                     (Thousands of Dollars)
<S>                   <C>       <C>       <C>        <C>           <C>
1999
- ----
Revenues              $170,397  $ 16,785  $ 187,182  $    117,059  $   304,241
Depreciation and
  amortization        $ 10,333  $     26  $  10,359  $      3,759  $    14,118
Net earnings          $ 22,970  $    255  $  23,225  $      5,641  $    28,866
Total assets          $637,354  $ 15,887  $ 653,241  $    350,638  $ 1,003,879
Capital expenditures  $  5,546  $     66  $   5,612  $      2,550  $     8,162

1998
- ----
Revenues              $169,447  $ 17,556  $ 187,003  $    116,324  $   303,327
Depreciation and
  amortization        $ 10,210  $     29  $  10,239  $      3,687  $    13,926
Net earnings          $ 18,502  $    970  $  19,472  $      5,491  $    24,963
Total assets          $651,052  $ 15,650  $ 666,702  $    359,133  $ 1,025,835
Capital expenditures  $  4,442  $     35  $   4,477  $      3,714  $     8,191

</TABLE>

  

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  11
Item 2.             Management's Discussion and Analysis
                     of Interim Financial Statements of
                                 WICOR, Inc.

Results of Operations
- ---------------------
Consolidated net earnings for the first quarter of 1999 increased by 
$3.9 million, or 16%, to $28.9 million compared to the same period of 
the prior year. The increase was attributable to $3.7 million and 
$0.1 million increases in Energy Group and Manufacturing Group 
earnings.

The following factors had a significant effect on the results of 
operations during the three-month period ended March 31, 1999.

Energy Group
- ------------
Net earnings increased to $23.2 million from $19.5 million, or 19%, 
for the first quarter of 1999 compared with the first quarter of 
1998.  Increased gross margins contributed to the increase, which was 
partially offset by increased operating expenses and reduced proceeds 
related to a weather insurance agreement compared to the prior year.  
The improvement in gas margins resulted primarily from increased firm 
sales volumes and a $7.5 million annual rate increase effective 
August 1, 1998.

Revenues, margins and volumes are summarized below.  Margin, defined 
as revenues less cost of gas sold, is a better comparative 
performance indicator than revenues because changes in the cost of 
gas sold are flowed through to revenue under a gas adjustment clause 
that impacts margin only if gas costs for the period are above or 
below certain thresholds established in the gas cost incentive 
mechanism (GCIM).  The GCIM impact on margins was insignificant in 
both periods.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  12
The following tables set forth margin and volume data for the Energy 
Group and utility, respectively, for each of the quarters ended March 
31.

                                        Three
                                     Months Ended
                                       March 31,
                                ----------------------     %
(Millions of Dollars)              1999        1998     Change
- ---------------------           ----------  ----------  ------
Energy Revenues                 $   179.2   $   179.8       -
Cost of Gas Sold                    107.6       115.3      (7)
                                ----------  ----------
Sales Margin                         71.6        64.5      11
Gas Transportation Margin             8.0         7.2      11
                                ----------  ----------
Gross Margin                         79.6        71.7      11
                                ----------  ----------
Operation and Maintenance            28.5        27.8       3
Depreciation and Amortization         8.8         8.4       5
Taxes, Other Than Income Taxes        2.5         2.6      (4)
                                ----------  ----------
                                     39.8        38.8       3
                                ----------  ----------
Operating Income                     39.8        32.9      21
Interest Expense                     (3.4)       (3.4)      -
Other Income, net                     0.7         1.5     (53)
                                ----------  ----------
Income Before Income Taxes           37.1        31.0      20
Income Tax Expense                   13.9        11.5      21
                                ----------  ----------
Net Earnings                    $    23.2    $   19.5      19
                                ==========  ==========

(Millions of Therms)
Utility Sales Volumes
- ---------------------
  Firm                              326.9       301.7       8
  Interruptible                      10.0        14.0     (29)
Transportation Volume               160.3       138.0      16
                                ----------  ----------
Total Throughput                    497.2       453.7      10
                                ==========  ==========
Heating Degree Days
Actual                              3,235       2,915      11
                                ==========  ==========
Twenty year average                 3,421
                                ==========

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  13
The increase in firm sales volumes for the first quarter of 1999 as 
compared with the 1998 first quarter was caused principally by colder 
weather.  The weather was 11% colder in the first quarter of 1999 
than during the same period in 1998 although still 5% warmer than the 
20-year average.  The increase in transportation volumes was due to 
more customers purchasing gas from sources other than Wisconsin Gas 
and transporting the volumes over the Wisconsin Gas distribution 
system.

Non-regulated energy operating revenues for the first three months of 
1999 remained relatively level at $16.8 million compared to the same 
period of 1998. 

Operating and maintenance expenses increased by $0.7 million, or 3%, 
during the three-month period ended March 31, 1999 compared to the 
same period of 1998.  The increase reflects $1.9 million of PSCW 
approved additional uncollectible accounts expense which became 
effective November 1, 1998.  The increase was partially offset by 
lower labor and benefit expenses at Wisconsin Gas.

Depreciation expense for the three months ended March 31, 1999, 
increased by $0.4 million, or 5%, compared with the same period of 
last year.  The 1999 increase was due to plant additions.

Interest expense remained unchanged at $3.4 million for the three 
months ended March 31, 1999, compared with the same period of 1998.

Other income, net decreased by $0.8 million, or 53%, during the first 
quarter of 1999 compared to the same period last year.  The Company 
recorded a gain in connection with a weather insurance agreement of 
$0.4 million in the first quarter of 1999 compared to a gain of $1.3 
million recorded in the same period of last year.  The Company has 
entered into weather derivative agreements to partially mitigate the 
risk that weather has on Energy Group earnings.


<PAGE>
<PAGE>  14
Manufacturing Group
- -------------------
Manufacturing Group net earnings of $5.6 million for the first 
quarter of 1999 was 2% higher than the first quarter of 1998.

Financial data regarding the Manufacturing Group are set forth in the 
table below.

                                           Three
                                        Months Ended
                                          March 31,
                                   ----------------------
                                      1999        1998     Change
                                   ----------  ----------  ------
(Millions of Dollars)
Net Sales                          $   117.1   $   116.3      1
Cost of Goods Sold                      83.0        82.9      -
                                   ----------  ----------
Gross Profit                            34.1        33.4      2
Operating Expenses                      23.9        23.3      3
                                   ----------  ----------
Operating Income                        10.2        10.1      1
Interest Expense                        (1.1)       (1.3)   (15)
Other Income, net                        0.1         0.2    (50)
                                   ----------  ----------
Income Before Income Taxes               9.2         9.0      2
Income Tax Expense                       3.6         3.5      3
                                   ----------  ----------
Net Earnings                       $     5.6    $    5.5      2
                                   ==========  ==========

Net sales for the first quarter of 1999 increased slightly to $117.1 
million compared to the same period in 1998, reflecting expanded 
business with new and existing customers, new products within the 
pool/spa and industrial markets and the strong economy in the United 
States.  During the first quarter of 1999, domestic sales increased 
by $4.8 million, or 6%, while international sales decreased $4.1 
million, or 11%, compared to the same period in 1998.

Increased domestic sales were driven by higher demand within the 
water systems, pool/spa, marine and R/V markets and partially offset 
by lower residential sump and utility pump sales.  The decrease in 
residential sump and utility pump sales was the result of wet weather 
in the U.S. market during 1998.  Dry weather in the Southeast part of 
the United States during 1999 had sparked strong demand for 
irrigation and sprinkler pumps.

The decrease in international sales is attributable to the uneven 
global economy, the strong U.S. dollar and the timing of product 
shipments in certain European markets.  For the three months ended 
March 31, 1999 and 1998, international sales accounted for 28% and 
31%, respectively, of total net sales for the Manufacturing Group.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  15
Gross profit margins were 29.1% for the 1999 first quarter as 
compared to 28.7% for the first quarter of 1998.  Quarterly operating 
margins grew due to ongoing cost improvement programs and 
productivity gains in manufacturing processes.  Manufacturing 
operating expenses for the quarter increased by 3% compared to the 
same period in 1998 due to increased sales and timing of market 
development expenditures.


Consolidated Income Taxes
- -------------------------
Income tax expense was $2.5 million higher for the first three months 
of 1999, compared to the same period last year, reflecting increased 
pre-tax income.


Liquidity and Capital Resources
- -------------------------------
Cash flow from operations for the three months ended March 31, 1999 
increased by $11.4 million, or 19%, from the comparable period in 
1998. Due to the seasonal nature of the energy business, accrued 
revenues, accounts receivable and accounts payable levels are higher 
in the heating season as compared with the summer months.  The cash 
flow improvement is due primarily to increased earnings and lower gas 
prices.

Capital expenditures were level for the three months ended March 31, 
1999, compared to the same period in 1998.

The Company anticipates additional short-term borrowing during the 
third and fourth quarters of 1999 to finance working capital, 
primarily gas in storage and the financing of accounts receivable 
during the heating season.  The Company believes it has sufficient 
capacity under existing lines of credit to satisfy its future working 
capital needs.


Proposed New Pipeline
- ---------------------
On March 10, 1999, the Company announced the formation of a joint 
venture to construct the Guardian interstate natural gas pipeline from 
the Chicago market hub near Joliet, Illinois to southeastern 
Wisconsin.  Subsidiaries of CMS Energy, a Dearborn, Michigan based 
international energy company, and Northern States Power Company, a 
Minneapolis based diversified energy company, are the sponsors of the 
project with WICOR.  The three partners will have equal ownership 
interests in the project.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  16
The Guardian Pipeline will consist of approximately 150 miles of 36-
inch pipe and related compression equipment and will be designed to 
carry at least 650,000 Dekatherms per day of gas. The total cost of 
the project, which requires United States Federal Energy Regulatory 
Commission (FERC) approval, is approximately $230 million. The 
pipeline is scheduled to be in service by November 1, 2002.  Wisconsin 
Gas has committed to purchase 650,000 Dekatherms per day of capacity 
on the pipeline and will construct a 35-mile lateral at a cost of 
approximately $45 million to connect its distribution system to the 
Guardian Pipeline.

The project, if approved by FERC and placed in service, is expected to 
increase the availability and reliability of gas transportation 
service in Northern Illinois and southeastern Wisconsin as well as 
introduce or increase competition among pipelines serving the area.


Year 2000 Date Conversion
- -------------------------
Issues relating to Year 2000 date conversion are the result of 
computer software programs being written using two digits rather than 
four to define the applicable year. Any of the Company's software 
programs, computer hardware or equipment that have date sensitive 
software or embedded chips may recognize a date using "00" as the 
year 1900 rather than the year 2000.  This could result in a system 
failure or miscalculations causing disruptions of operations, 
including, among other things, a temporary inability to process 
transactions, send invoices, distribute natural gas, manufacture 
products or engage in other normal business activities.

The Company has developed a formal plan to ensure that its 
significant date-sensitive computer software and hardware systems 
(Information Technology) and other equipment utilized in its various 
activities (Operating Equipment) will be Year 2000 compliant and 
operational on a timely basis. The plan addresses all of the 
Company's locations throughout the world, and includes a review of 
computer applications that connect elements of the Company's business 
directly to its customers and suppliers.  The plan also includes an 
assessment process to determine if the Company's significant 
customers and suppliers will be Year 2000 compliant.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  17
The Company's plan to resolve issues relating to Year 2000 conversion 
includes four major phases - assessment, remediation, testing, and 
implementation. To assist the Company in reaching Year 2000 
compliance, the Company has retained third party consultants. The 
Company has substantially completed the assessment phase of its plan 
for all of its significant Information Technology and Operating 
Equipment that it believes could be affected by the Year 2000 
conversion. Based upon its assessment, the Company concluded that it 
would be necessary to reprogram and/or replace certain of its 
Information Technology. The Company also determined that certain of 
its Operating Equipment would also require modification to ensure it 
remains operational.

For its Information Technology applications as of March 31, 1999, the 
Company believes it is approximately 84% compliant on all of its 
significant systems, and estimates that it will complete software 
reprogramming and/or replacement in the second quarter of 1999.  The 
Company believes that the Operating Equipment at March 31, 1999 is 
approximately 86% compliant, and the Company is targeting completion 
during the second quarter of 1999.

With respect to operations that involve third parties, the Company 
has made inquiries of its significant customers and suppliers and, at 
the present time and based on such inquiries, is not aware of Year 
2000 issues facing these third parties that would materially impact 
the Company's operations.  However, the Company has no means of 
ensuring that these customers and suppliers (and, in turn, their 
customers and suppliers) will be Year 2000 compliant in a timely 
manner. The inability of these parties to successfully resolve their 
Year 2000 issues could have a material adverse effect on the Company.

Despite the efforts that the Company has undertaken, there can be no 
assurances that every Year 2000 related issue will be identified and 
addressed before January 1, 2000. An unexpected failure as a result 
of a Year 2000 compliance issue could result in an interruption in 
certain normal business activities or operations. For that reason, 
the Company is currently developing contingency plans to address 
alternatives in the event certain Year 2000 compliance failures 
occur.

Through March 31, 1999, the Company had spent approximately $4.3 
million for Year 2000 remediation. The amount of additional 
development and remediation costs necessary for the Company to 
prepare for Year 2000 is estimated to be approximately $0.9 million 
and is expected to be funded through operating cash flow.


<PAGE>
<PAGE>  18

Euro Conversion
- ---------------
On January 1, 1999, eleven member countries of the European Union 
established fixed conversion rates between their existing sovereign 
currencies, and adopted the Euro as their new common legal currency.  
As of that date, the Euro began trading on currency exchanges and the 
legacy currencies remained legal tender in the participating 
countries for a transition period between January 1, 1999 and January 
1, 2002.

The Euro conversion may affect cross-border competition by creating 
greater cross-border price transparency. The Company is assessing its 
pricing/marketing strategy in order to ensure that it remains 
competitive in a broader European market.  The Company is also 
assessing its information technology systems to allow for 
transactions to take place in both the legacy currencies and the Euro 
and the eventual elimination of the legacy currencies, and reviewing 
whether certain existing contracts will need to be modified.  The 
currency risk and risk management for operations in participating 
countries may be reduced as the legacy currencies are converted to 
the Euro.  Based on current information and current assessments, the 
Company does not expect that transitioning to the Euro currency will 
have a material adverse effect on its business or financial 
condition.


Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
The Company's market risk includes the potential loss arising from 
adverse changes in the price of natural gas and in foreign currency 
exchange rates. The Company's objective in managing these risks is to 
reduce fluctuations in earnings and cash flows associated with 
changes in natural gas prices and foreign currency exchange rates.  
The Company's policy prohibits the use of derivative financial 
instruments for trading purposes.

Wisconsin Gas has a commodity risk management program that has been 
approved by the PSCW. This program allows Wisconsin Gas to utilize 
call and put option contracts to reduce market risk associated with 
fluctuations in the price of natural gas purchases and gas in 
storage. Under this program, Wisconsin Gas has the ability to hedge 
up to 50% of its planned gas deliveries for the heating season. The 
PSCW has also allowed Wisconsin Gas to hedge gas purchased for 
storage during non-heating months. The cost of the call and put 
option contracts, as well as gains or losses realized under the 
contracts do not affect net income as they are recovered dollar for 
dollar under the purchased gas adjustment clause.


<PAGE>
<PAGE>  19
WICOR Energy Services Company utilizes gas futures contracts to 
manage commodity price risk associated with firm customer sales 
commitments. Unrealized gains or losses on these instruments are 
deferred and recognized in earnings in the period the sales occurs. 
Substantially all of the futures contracts expire in 1999.  The 
notional amount of these contracts is not material to the Company.

The Company manages foreign currency market risk through the use of a 
variety of financial and derivative instruments.  The Company uses 
forward exchange contracts and other hedging activities to hedge the 
U.S. dollar value resulting from anticipated foreign currency 
transactions.  The notional amount of these contracts is not material 
to the Company.


<PAGE>
<PAGE>  20
Part II - Other Information


Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
(a)  Exhibits

      3.1  WICOR, Inc. By-laws, as amended.

       27  Financial data schedule (EDGAR version only).

(b)  Reports on Form 8-K - There were no reports on Form 8-K filed by 
the Company during the first quarter of 1999.


<PAGE>
<PAGE>  21
                                   SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, 
the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf 
by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.








                                               WICOR, INC.



Dated:  April 30, 1999             By:   /s/ Joseph P. Wenzler
                                             Joseph P. Wenzler

                                         Senior Vice President
                                      and Chief Financial Officer













<PAGE>
<PAGE>  1
                                        Exhibit 3-1
                            BY-LAWS
                              OF
                          WICOR, INC.
                  (a Wisconsin corporation)

                  Effective April 22, 1999

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  2
                           BY-LAWS
                             OF
                         WICOR, INC.
                 (a Wisconsin corporation)

                 Effective April 22, 1999


ARTICLE  I.    OFFICES

	1.1.  Principal and Business Offices.  The corporation may have such 
principal and other business offices, either within or without the State of 
Wisconsin, as the Board of Directors may designate or as the business of 
the corporation may require from time to time.

	1.2.  Registered Office.  The registered office of the corporation 
required by the Wisconsin Business Corporation Law to be maintained in the 
State of Wisconsin may be, but need not be, identical with the principal 
office in the State of Wisconsin, and the address of the registered office 
may be changed from time to time by the Board of Directors or by the 
registered agent.  The business office of the registered agent of the 
corporation shall be identical to such registered office.


ARTICLE  II.    SHAREHOLDERS

	2.1.  Annual Meeting.  The annual meeting of the shareholders shall be 
held on the fourth Thursday in April of each year at 11:00 a.m. local time, 
or at such other time and date within thirty days before or after such date 
as may be fixed by or under the authority of the Board of Directors, for 
the purpose of electing directors and for the transaction of such other 
business as may come before the meeting.  If the day fixed for the annual 
meeting shall be a legal holiday in the State of Wisconsin, such meeting 
shall be held on the next succeeding business day.

	2.2.  Special Meetings.  Special meetings of the shareholders, for any 
purpose or purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by the Wisconsin Business 
Corporation Law, may be called by the Board of Directors, the Chairman, the 
Vice Chairman or the President.  The corporation shall call a special 
meeting of shareholders in the event that the holders of at least 10% of 
all of the votes entitled to be cast on any issue proposed to be considered 
at the proposed special meeting sign, date and deliver to the corporation 
one or more written demands for the meeting describing one or more purposes 
for which it is to be held.  The corporation shall give notice of such a 
special meeting within thirty (30) days after the date that the demand is 
delivered to the corporation.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  3
	2.3.  Place of Meeting.  The Board of Directors may designate any 
place, either within or without the State of Wisconsin, as the place of 
meeting for any annual or special meeting of shareholders.  If no 
designation is made, the place of meeting shall be the principal office of 
the corporation.  Any meeting may be adjourned to reconvene at any place 
designated by vote of the shares represented thereat.

	2.4.  Notice of Meeting.  Written notice stating the date, time and 
place of any meeting of shareholders and, in case of a special meeting, the 
purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, shall be delivered not 
less than ten (10) days nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of 
the meeting (unless a different time is provided by the Wisconsin Business 
Corporation Law or the articles of incorporation), either personally or by 
mail, by or at the direction of the Chairman, the Vice Chairman, the 
President or the Secretary, to each shareholder of record entitled to vote 
at such meeting and to such other persons as required by the Wisconsin 
Business Corporation Law.  If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be 
effective when deposited in the United States mail, addressed to the 
shareholder at his or her address as it appears on the stock record books 
of the corporation, with postage thereon prepaid.  If an annual or special 
meeting of shareholders is adjourned to a different date, time or place, 
the corporation shall not be required to give notice of the new date, time 
or place if the new date, time or place is announced at the meeting before 
adjournment; provided, however, that if a new record date for an adjourned 
meeting is or must be fixed, the corporation shall give notice of the 
adjourned meeting to persons who are shareholders as of the new record 
date.

	2.5.  Waiver of Notice.  A shareholder may waive any notice required 
by the Wisconsin Business Corporation Law, the articles of incorporation or 
these by-laws before or after the date and time stated in the notice.  The 
waiver shall be in writing and signed by the shareholder entitled to the 
notice, contain the same information that would have been required in the 
notice under applicable provisions of the Wisconsin Business Corporation 
Law (except that the time and place of meeting need not be stated) and be 
delivered to the corporation for inclusion in the corporate records.  A 
shareholder's attendance at a meeting, in person or by proxy, waives 
objection to all of the following:  (a) lack of notice or defective notice 
of the meeting, unless the shareholder at the beginning of the meeting or 
promptly upon arrival objects to holding the meeting or transacting 
business at the meeting; and (b) consideration of a particular matter at 
the meeting that is not within the purpose described in the meeting notice, 
unless the shareholder objects to considering the matter when it is 
presented.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  4
	2.6.  Fixing of Record Date.  The Board of Directors may fix in 
advance a date as the record date for the purpose of determining 
shareholders entitled to notice of and to vote at any meeting of 
shareholders, shareholders entitled to demand a special meeting as 
contemplated by Section 2.2 hereof, shareholders entitled to take any other 
action, or shareholders for any other purpose.  Such record date shall not 
be more than seventy (70) days prior to the date on which the particular 
action, requiring such determination of shareholders, is to be taken.  If 
no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors or by the Wisconsin 
Business Corporation Law for the determination of shareholders entitled to 
notice of and to vote at a meeting of shareholders, the record date shall 
be the close of business on the day before the first notice is given to 
shareholders.  If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors or by 
the Wisconsin Business Corporation Law for the determination of 
shareholders entitled to demand a special meeting as contemplated in 
Section 2.2 hereof, the record date shall be the date that the first 
shareholder signs the demand.  Except as provided by the Wisconsin Business 
Corporation Law for a court-ordered adjournment, a determination of 
shareholders entitled to notice of and to vote at a meeting of shareholders 
is effective for any adjournment of such meeting unless the Board of 
Directors fixes a new record date, which it shall do if the meeting is 
adjourned to a date more than one hundred twenty (120) days after the date 
fixed for the original meeting.  The record date for determining 
shareholders entitled to a distribution (other than a distribution 
involving a purchase, redemption or other acquisition of the corporation's 
shares) or a share dividend is the date on which the Board of Directors 
authorized the distribution or share dividend, as the case may be, unless 
the Board of Directors fixes a different record date.

	2.7.  Shareholders' List for Meetings.  After a record date for a 
special or annual meeting of shareholders has been fixed, the corporation 
shall prepare a list of the names of all of the shareholders entitled to 
notice of the meeting.  The list shall be arranged by class or series of 
shares, if any, and show the address of and number of shares held by each 
shareholder.  Such list shall be available for inspection by any 
shareholder, beginning two (2) business days after notice of the meeting is 
given for which the list was prepared and continuing to the date of the 
meeting, at the corporation's principal office or at a place identified in 
the meeting notice in the city where the meeting will be held.  A 
shareholder or his or her agent may, on written demand, inspect and, 
subject to the limitations imposed by the Wisconsin Business Corporation 
Law, copy the list, during regular business hours and at his or her 
expense, during the period that it is available for inspection pursuant to 
this Section 2.7.  The corporation shall make the shareholders' list 
available at the meeting and any shareholder or his or her agent or 
attorney may inspect the list at any time during the meeting or any 
adjournment thereof.  Refusal or failure to prepare or make available the 
shareholders' list shall not affect the validity of any action taken at a 
meeting of shareholders.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  5

	2.8.  Quorum and Voting Requirements.  Shares entitled to vote as a 
separate voting group may take action on a matter at a meeting only if a 
quorum of those shares exists with respect to that matter.  If the 
corporation has only one class of common stock outstanding, such class 
shall constitute a separate voting group for purposes of this Section 2.8.  
Except as otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation, any by-law 
adopted under authority granted in the articles of incorporation, or the 
Wisconsin Business Corporation Law, a majority of the votes entitled to be 
cast on the matter shall constitute a quorum of the voting group for action 
on that matter.  Once a share is represented for any purpose at a meeting, 
other than for the purpose of objecting to holding the meeting or 
transacting business at the meeting, it is considered present for purposes 
of determining whether a quorum exists for the remainder of the meeting and 
for any adjournment of that meeting unless a new record date is or must be 
set for the adjourned meeting.  If a quorum exists, except in the case of 
the election of directors, action on a matter shall be approved if the 
votes cast within the voting group favoring the action exceed the votes 
cast opposing the action, unless the articles of incorporation, any by-law 
adopted under authority granted in the articles of incorporation, or the 
Wisconsin Business Corporation Law requires a greater number of affirmative 
votes.  Unless otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation, 
directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast by the shares 
entitled to vote in the election of directors at a meeting at which a 
quorum is present.  For purposes of this Section 2.8, "plurality" means 
that the individuals with the largest number of votes are elected as 
directors up to the maximum number of directors to be chosen at the 
meeting.  Though less than a quorum of the outstanding votes of a voting 
group are represented at a meeting, a majority of the votes so represented 
may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice.  At such 
adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented, any 
business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting 
as originally noticed.

	2.9.  Conduct of Meeting.  The Chairman, and in his or her absence, 
the Vice Chairman, and in his or her absence, the President, and in his or 
her absence, a Vice President in the order provided under Section 4.10 
hereof, and in their absence, any person chosen by the shareholders present 
shall call the meeting of the shareholders to order and shall act as 
chairman of the meeting, and the Secretary of the corporation shall act as 
secretary of all meetings of the shareholders, but, in the absence of the 
Secretary, the presiding officer may appoint any other person to act as 
secretary of the meeting.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  6
	2.10.  Proxies.  At all meetings of shareholders, a shareholder may 
vote his or her shares in person or by proxy.  A shareholder may appoint a 
proxy to vote or otherwise act for the shareholder by signing an 
appointment form, either personally or by his or her attorney-in-fact.  An 
appointment of a proxy is effective when received by the Secretary or other 
officer or agent of the corporation authorized to tabulate votes.  An 
appointment is valid for eleven (11) months from the date of its signing 
unless a different period is expressly provided in the appointment form.  
The presence of a shareholder who has filed a proxy shall not of itself 
constitute revocation.  The Board of Directors shall have the power and 
authority to make rules establishing presumptions as to the validity and 
sufficiency of proxies.

	2.11.  Voting of Shares.  Except as provided in the articles of 
incorporation or in the Wisconsin Business Corporation Law, each 
outstanding share, regardless of class, is entitled to one vote on each 
matter voted on at a meeting of shareholders.

	2.12.  Action without Meeting.  Any action required or permitted by 
the articles of incorporation or these by-laws or any provision of the 
Wisconsin Business Corporation Law to be taken at a meeting of the 
shareholders may be taken without a meeting and without action by the Board 
of Directors if a written consent or consents, describing the action so 
taken, is signed by all of the shareholders entitled to vote with respect 
to the subject matter thereof and delivered to the corporation for 
inclusion in the corporate records.

	2.13.  Acceptance of Instruments Showing Shareholder Action.  If the 
name signed on a vote, consent, waiver or proxy appointment corresponds to 
the name of a shareholder, the corporation, if acting in good faith, may 
accept the vote, consent, waiver or proxy appointment and give it effect as 
the act of a shareholder.  If the name signed on a vote, consent, waiver or 
proxy appointment does not correspond to the name of a shareholder, the 
corporation, if acting in good faith, may accept the vote, consent, waiver 
or proxy appointment and give it effect as the act of the shareholder if 
any of the following apply:

	(a)	The shareholder is an entity and the name signed purports to be 
that of an officer or agent of the entity.

	(b)	The name purports to be that of a personal representative, 
administrator, executor, guardian or conservator representing the 
shareholder and, if the corporation requests, evidence of fiduciary status 
acceptable to the corporation is presented with respect to the vote, 
consent, waiver or proxy appointment.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  7
	(c)	The name signed purports to be that of a receiver or trustee in 
bankruptcy of the shareholder and, if the corporation requests, evidence of 
this status acceptable to the corporation is presented with respect to the 
vote, consent, waiver or proxy appointment.

	(d)	The name signed purports to be that of a pledge, beneficial 
owner, or attorney-in-fact of the shareholder and, if the corporation 
requests, evidence acceptable to the corporation of the signatory's 
authority to sign for the shareholder is presented with respect to the 
vote, consent, waiver or proxy appointment.

	(e)	Two or more persons are the shareholders as co-tenants or 
fiduciaries and the name signed purports to be the name of at least one of 
the co-owners and the person signing appears to be acting on behalf of all 
co-owners.

	The corporation may reject a vote, consent, waiver or proxy 
appointment if the Secretary or other officer or agent of the corporation 
who is authorized to tabulate votes, acting in good faith, has reasonable 
basis for doubt about the validity of the signature on it or about the 
signatory's authority to sign for the shareholder.   


ARTICLE  III.    BOARD OF DIRECTORS

	3.1.  General Powers. Classification and Number.  All corporate powers 
shall be exercised by or under the authority of, and the business affairs 
of the corporation managed under the direction of, the Board of Directors.  
The number of directors of the corporation shall be eight (8), divided into 
three classes of four (4), two (2), and two (2) directors, respectively, 
and designated as Class I, Class II and Class III, respectively.  At each 
annual meeting of shareholders the successors to the class of directors 
whose terms shall expire at the time of such annual meeting shall be 
elected to hold office until the third succeeding annual meeting of 
shareholders and until their successors are elected and qualified.

	3.2.  Tenure and Qualifications.  Each director shall hold office 
until the next annual meeting of shareholders in the year in which such 
director's term expires and until his or her successor shall have been 
elected and, if necessary, qualified, or until there is a decrease in the 
number of directors which takes effect after the expiration of his or her 
term, or until his or her prior retirement, death, resignation or removal.  
The retirement or resignation of a director who is an officer of this 
corporation or an affiliated corporation, but not also the chief executive 
officer of this corporation, shall take effect at the time he or she ceases 
to hold his or her position as an officer of this corporation or an 
affiliated corporation.  Any other director shall resign from the Board of 
Directors effective as of the annual meeting of shareholders next following 
the date on which he or she attains the age of seventy (70) years.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  8
No person shall be eligible for election as a director after he or she 
shall have attained the age of seventy (70) years.  Effective April 22, 
1999, any non-employee director of the corporation who (i) has a material 
change in his or her position or employment, or (ii) is the subject of 
media attention that might reflect unfavorably on his or her continued 
service on the Board of Directors, or (iii) finds himself or herself to be 
in a situation that may present, or appear to present, a conflict of 
interest with the corporation, shall submit his or her resignation as a 
director, which resignation shall be considered by the Board of Directors 
and either accepted or rejected based upon the corporation's best 
interests.  A director may be removed from office only as provided in the 
articles of incorporation at a meeting of the shareholders called for the 
purpose of removing the director, and the meeting notice shall state that 
the purpose, or one of the purposes, of the meeting is removal of the 
director.  A director may resign at any time by delivering written notice 
which complies with the Wisconsin Business Corporation Law to the Board of 
Directors, to the Chairman or the President (in his or her capacity as 
chairperson of the Board of Directors) or to the corporation.  A director's 
resignation is effective when the notice is delivered unless the notice 
specifies a later effective date.  Directors need not be residents of the 
State of Wisconsin or shareholders of the corporation.  No other 
restrictions, limitations or qualifications may be imposed on individuals 
for service as a director.

	3.3.  Regular Meetings.  A regular meeting of the Board of Directors 
shall be held without other notice than this by-law immediately after the 
annual meeting of shareholders and each adjourned session thereof.  The 
place of such regular meeting shall be the principal business office of the 
corporation in the State of Wisconsin, or such other suitable place as may 
be announced at such meeting of shareholders.  The Board of Directors may 
provide, by resolution, the date, time and place, either within or without 
the State of Wisconsin, for the holding of additional regular meetings of 
the Board of Directors without other notice than such resolution.

	3.4.  Special Meetings.  Special meetings of the Board of Directors 
may be called by or at the request of the Chairman, the Vice Chairman, the 
President, Secretary or any two (2) directors.  The Chairman, the Vice 
Chairman, the President or Secretary may fix any place, either within or 
without the State of Wisconsin, as the place for holding any special 
meeting of the Board of Directors, and if no other place is fixed the place 
of the meeting shall be the principal business office of the corporation in 
the State of Wisconsin.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  9
	3.5.  Notice; Waiver.  Notice of each meeting of the Board of 
Directors (unless otherwise provided in or pursuant to Section 3.3) shall 
be given by written notice delivered or communicated in person, by 
telegraph, teletype, facsimile or other form of wire or wireless 
communication, or by mail or private carrier, to each director at his 
business address or at such other address as such director shall have 
designated in writing filed with the Secretary, in each case not less than 
forty-eight (48) hours prior to the meeting.  The notice need not describe 
the purpose of the meeting of the Board of Directors or the business to be 
transacted at such meeting.  If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be 
effective when deposited in the United States mail so addressed, with 
postage thereon prepaid.  If notice is given by telegram, such notice shall 
be deemed to be effective when the telegram is delivered to the telegraph 
company.  If notice is given by private carrier, such notice shall be 
deemed to be effective when delivered to the private carrier.  Whenever any 
notice whatever is required to be given to any director of the corporation 
under the articles of incorporation or these by-laws or any provision of 
the Wisconsin Business Corporation Law, a waiver thereof in writing, signed 
at any time, whether before or after the date and time of meeting, by the 
director entitled to such notice shall be deemed equivalent to the giving 
of such notice.  The corporation shall retain any such waiver as part of 
the permanent corporate records.  A director's attendance at or 
participation in a meeting waives any required notice to him or her of the 
meeting unless the director at the beginning of the meeting or promptly 
upon his or her arrival objects to holding the meeting or transacting 
business at the meeting and does not thereafter vote for or assent to 
action taken at the meeting.

	3.6.  Quorum.  Except as otherwise provided by the Wisconsin Business 
Corporation Law or by the articles of incorporation or these by-laws, a 
majority of the number of directors specified in Section 3.1 of these by-
laws shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any 
meeting of the Board of Directors.  Except as otherwise provided by the 
Wisconsin Business Corporation Law or by the articles of incorporation or 
by these by-laws, a quorum of any committee of the Board of Directors 
created pursuant to Section 3.12 hereof shall consist of a majority of the 
number of directors appointed to serve on the committee.  A majority of the 
directors present (though less than such quorum) may adjourn any meeting of 
the Board of Directors or any committee thereof, as the case may be, from 
time to time without further notice.

	3.7.  Manner of Acting.  The affirmative vote of a majority of the 
directors present at a meeting of the Board of Directors or a committee 
thereof at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of 
Directors or such committee, as the case may be, unless the Wisconsin 
Business Corporation Law, the articles of incorporation or these by-laws 
require the vote of a greater number of directors.

<PAGE>
PAGE>  10
	3.8.  Conduct of Meetings.  The Chairman, and in his or her absence, 
the Vice Chairman, and in his or her absence, the President, and in his or 
her absence, a Vice President in the order provided under Section 4.10, and 
in their absence, any director chosen by the directors present, shall call 
meetings of the Board of Directors to order and shall act as chairman of 
the meeting.  The Secretary of the corporation shall act as secretary of 
all meetings of the Board of Directors but in the absence of the Secretary, 
the presiding officer may appoint any other person present to act as 
secretary of the meeting.  Minutes of any regular or special meeting of the 
Board of Directors shall be prepared and distributed to each director.

	3.9.  Vacancies.  Any vacancies occurring in the Board of Directors, 
including a vacancy created by an increase in the number of directors, 
shall be filled only as provided in the articles of incorporation.  A 
vacancy that will occur at a specific later date, because of a resignation 
effective at a later date or otherwise, may be filled before the vacancy 
occurs, but the new director may not take office until the vacancy occurs.

	3.10.  Compensation.  The Board of Directors, irrespective of any 
personal interest of any of its members, may establish reasonable 
compensation of all directors for services to the corporation as directors, 
officers or otherwise, or may delegate such authority to an appropriate 
committee.  The Board of Directors also shall have authority to provide for 
or delegate authority to an appropriate committee to provide for reasonable 
pensions, disability or death benefits, and other benefits or payments, to 
directors, officers and employees and to their estates, families, 
dependents or beneficiaries on account of prior services rendered by such 
directors, officers and employees to the corporation.

	3.11.  Presumption of Assent.  A director who is present and is 
announced as present at a meeting of the Board of Directors or any 
committee thereof created in accordance with Section 3.12 hereof, when 
corporate action is taken, assents to the action taken unless any of the 
following occurs: (a) the director objects at the beginning of the meeting 
or promptly upon his or her arrival to holding the meeting or transacting 
business at the meeting; (b) the director dissents or abstains from an 
action taken and minutes of the meeting are prepared that show the 
director's dissent or abstention from the action taken; (c) the director 
delivers written notice that complies with the Wisconsin Business 
Corporation Law of his or her dissent or abstention to the presiding 
officer of the meeting before its adjournment or to the corporation 
immediately after adjournment of the meeting; or (d) the director dissents 
or abstains from an action taken, minutes of the meeting are prepared that 
fail to show the director's dissent or abstention from the action taken, 
and the director delivers to the corporation a written notice of that 
failure that complies with the Wisconsin Business Corporation Law promptly 
after receiving the minutes.  Such right of dissent or abstention shall not 
apply to a director who votes in favor of the action taken

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  11
	3.12.  Committees.  The Board of Directors by resolution adopted by 
the affirmative vote of a majority of all of the directors then in office 
may create one or more committees, appoint members of the Board of 
Directors to serve on the committees and designate other members of the 
Board of Directors to serve as alternates.  Each committee shall have two 
(2) or more members who shall, unless otherwise provided by the Board of 
Directors, serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors.  A committee 
may be authorized to exercise the authority of the Board of Directors, 
except that a committee may not do any of the following:  (a) authorize 
distributions; (b) approve or propose to shareholders action that the 
Wisconsin Business Corporation Law requires to be approved by shareholders; 
(c) fill vacancies on the Board of Directors or, unless the Board of 
Directors provides by resolution that vacancies on a committee shall be 
filled by the affirmative vote of the remaining committee members, on any 
Board committee; (d) amend the corporation's articles of incorporation; (e) 
adopt, amend or repeal by-laws; (f) approve a plan of merger not requiring 
shareholder approval; (g) authorize or approve reacquisition of shares, 
except according to a formula or method prescribed by the Board of 
Directors; and (h) authorize or approve the issuance or sale or contract 
for sale of shares, or determine the designation and relative rights, 
preferences and limitations of a class or series of shares, except that the 
Board of Directors may authorize a committee to do so within limits 
prescribed by the Board of Directors.  Unless otherwise provided by the 
Board of Directors in creating the committee, a committee may employ 
counsel, accountants and other consultants to assist it in the exercise of 
its authority.

	3.13.  Alternate Members of Committees.  The Board of Directors may 
appoint annually and from time to time, as alternate members of any 
committee of the Board of Directors, directors to serve whenever designated 
by the committee or by the Chairman, the Vice Chairman or the President to 
take the place of absent members, or to fill vacancies on such committee 
until the next meeting of the Board of Directors.  An alternate member of 
any committee so designated to serve shall receive compensation for such 
service as fixed by the Board of Directors.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  12
	3.14.  Telephonic Meetings.  Except as herein provided and 
notwithstanding any place set forth in the notice of the meeting or these 
by-laws, members of the Board of Directors (and any committees thereof 
created pursuant to Section 3.12 hereof) may participate in regular or 
special meetings by, or through the use of, any means of communication by 
which all participants may simultaneously hear each other, such as by 
conference telephone.  If a meeting is conducted by such means, then at the 
commencement of such meeting the presiding officer shall inform the 
participating directors that a meeting is taking place at which official 
business may be transacted.  Any participant in a meeting by such means 
shall be deemed present in person at such meeting.  Notwithstanding the 
foregoing, no action may be taken at any meeting held by such means on any 
particular matter which the presiding officer determines, in his or her 
sole discretion, to be inappropriate under the circumstances for action at 
a meeting held by such means.  Such determination shall be made and 
announced in advance of such meeting.

	3.15.  Action Without Meeting.  Any action required or permitted by 
the Wisconsin Business Corporation Law to be taken at a meeting of the 
Board of Directors or a committee thereof created pursuant to Section 3.12 
hereof may be taken without a meeting if the action is taken by all members 
of the Board or of the committee.  The action shall be evidenced by one or 
more written consents describing the action taken, signed by each director 
or committee member and retained by the corporation.  Such action shall be 
effective when the last director or committee member signs the consent, 
unless the consent specifies a different effective date.


ARTICLE IV.    OFFICERS

	4.1.  Number.  The principal officers of the corporation shall be a 
President, the number of Vice Presidents as authorized from time to time by 
the Board of Directors, a Secretary, and a Treasurer, each of whom shall be 
elected by the Board of Directors.  A Chairman, a Vice Chairman and such 
other officers and assistant officers as may be deemed necessary may be 
elected or appointed by the Board of Directors.  The Board of Directors may 
also authorize any duly appointed officer to appoint one or more officers 
or assistant officers.  Any two (2) or more offices may be held by the same 
person.

	4.2.  Election and Term of Office.  The officers of the corporation to 
be elected by the Board of Directors shall be elected annually by the Board 
of Directors at the first meeting of the Board of Directors held after each 
annual meeting of the shareholders.  If the election of officers shall not 
be held at such meeting, such election shall be held as soon thereafter as 
is practicable.  Each officer shall hold office until his or her successor 
shall have been duly elected or until his or her prior death, resignation 
or removal.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  13
	4.3.  Removal.  The Board of Directors may remove any officer and, 
unless restricted by the Board of Directors or these by-laws, an officer 
may remove any officer or assistant officer appointed by that officer, at 
any time, with or without cause and notwithstanding the contract rights, if 
any, of the officer removed.  The appointment of an officer does not of 
itself create contract rights.

	4.4.  Resignation.  An officer may resign at any time by delivering 
notice to the corporation that complies with the Wisconsin Business 
Corporation Law.  The resignation shall be effective when the notice is 
delivered, unless the notice specifies a later effective date and the 
corporation accepts the later effective date.

	4.5.  Vacancies.  A vacancy in any principal office because of death, 
resignation, removal, disqualification or otherwise, shall be filled by the 
Board of Directors for the unexpired portion of the term.  If a resignation 
of an officer is effective at a later date as contemplated by Section 4.4 
hereof, the Board of Directors may fill the pending vacancy before the 
effective date if the Board provides that the successor may not take office 
until the effective date.

	4.6.  Chief Executive Officer.  The Board of Directors shall from time 
to time designate the Chairman, if any, the Vice Chairman, if any, or the 
President as the Chief Executive Officer of the corporation.  The President 
shall be the Chief Executive Officer when the offices of Chairman and Vice 
Chairman are vacant, or when the Board of Directors has not designated the 
Chairman, if any, or the Vice Chairman, if any, as Chief Executive Officer.  
Subject to the control of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive 
Officer shall in general supervise and control all of the business and 
affairs of the corporation and shall perform all duties incident to the 
office of Chief Executive Officer and such other duties as may be 
prescribed by the Board of Directors from time to time.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  14
	4.7.  Chairman.  The Chairman, if any, shall, when present, preside at 
all meetings of the shareholders and the Board of Directors.  He or she 
shall have authority, subject to such rules as may be prescribed by the 
Board of Directors, to appoint such agents and employees of the corporation 
as he or she shall deem necessary, to prescribe their powers, duties and 
compensation, and to delegate authority to them.  Such agents and employees 
shall hold office at the discretion of the Chairman.  He or she shall have 
authority to sign, execute and acknowledge, on behalf of the corporation, 
all deeds, mortgages, bonds, stock certificates, contracts, leases, reports 
and all other documents or instruments necessary or proper to be executed 
in the course of the corporation's regular business, or which shall be 
authorized by resolution of the Board of Directors; and, except as 
otherwise provided by law or the Board of Directors, he or she may 
authorize any other officer or agent of the corporation to sign, execute 
and acknowledge such documents or instruments in his or her place and 
stead.  In general, he or she shall perform all duties incident to the 
office of Chairman and such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board 
of Directors from time to time.

	4.8.  Vice Chairman.  The Vice Chairman, if any, shall have such 
authority and responsibilities as may be prescribed by the Board of 
Directors from time to time.  In the absence of the Chairman, or in the 
event of the chairman's death or inability to act, or in the event for any 
reason it shall be impracticable for the Chairman to act personally, the 
Vice Chairman shall perform the duties of the Chairman, and when so acting, 
shall have all the powers of and be subject to all of the restrictions upon 
the Chairman.  He or she shall have authority, subject to such rules as may 
be prescribed by the Board of Directors, to appoint such agents and 
employees of the corporation as he or she shall deem necessary, to 
prescribe their powers, duties and compensation, and to delegate authority 
to them.  Such agents shall hold office at the discretion of the Vice 
Chairman.  He or she shall have authority to sign, execute and acknowledge, 
on behalf of the corporation, all deeds, mortgages, bonds, stock 
certificates, contracts, leases, reports and all other documents or 
instruments necessary or proper to be executed in the course of the 
corporation's regular business, or which shall be authorized by resolution 
of the Board of Directors; and, except as otherwise provided by law or the 
Board of Directors, he or she may authorize the President or other officer 
or agent of the corporation to sign, execute and acknowledge such documents 
or instruments in his or her place and stead.  In general, he or she shall 
perform all duties incident to the office of Vice Chairman and such other 
duties as may be prescribed by the Chairman or the Board of Directors from 
time to time.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  15
	4.9.  President.  The President shall have such authority and 
responsibility as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors from time to 
time.  In the absence of the Vice Chairman, if any, or in the event of the 
Vice Chairman's death or inability to act, or in the event for any reason 
it shall be impracticable for the Vice Chairman to act personally, the 
President shall perform the duties of the Vice Chairman, and when so 
acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions 
upon the Vice Chairman. He or she shall have authority, subject to such 
rules as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors, to appoint such 
agents and employees of the corporation as he or she shall deem necessary, 
to prescribe their powers, duties and compensation, and to delegate 
authority to them.  Such agents shall hold office at the discretion of the 
President.  He or she shall have authority to sign, execute and 
acknowledge, on behalf of the corporation, all deeds, mortgages, bonds, 
stock certificates, contracts, leases, reports and all other documents or 
instruments necessary or proper to be executed in the course of the 
corporation's regular business, or which shall be authorized by resolution 
of the Board of Directors; and, except as otherwise provided by law or the 
Board of Directors, he or she may authorize any other officer or agent of 
the corporation to sign, execute and acknowledge such documents or 
instruments in his or her place and stead.  In general, he or she shall 
perform all duties incident to the office of President and such other 
duties as may be prescribed by the Chairman, or Vice Chairman, if any, or 
the Board of Directors from time to time.

	4.10.  The Vice Presidents.  In the absence of the President, or in 
the event of the President's death, inability or refusal to act, or in the 
event for any reason it shall be impracticable for the President to act 
personally, the Vice President (or in the event there be more than one Vice 
President, the Vice Presidents in the order designated by the Board of 
Directors, or in the absence of any designation, then in the order of their 
election) shall perform the duties of the President, and when so acting, 
shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon 
the President.  Any Vice President may sign, with the Secretary or 
Assistant Secretary, certificates for shares of the corporation; and shall 
perform such other duties and have such authority as from time to time may 
be delegated or assigned to him or her by the Chairman or Vice Chairman, if 
any, by the President or the Board of Directors.  The execution of any 
instrument of the corporation by any Vice President shall be conclusive 
evidence, as to third parties, of his or her authority to act in the stead 
of the Chairman, the Vice Chairman or the President.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  16
	4.11.  The Secretary.  The Secretary shall: (a) keep minutes of the 
meetings of the shareholders and of the Board of Directors (and of 
committees thereof) in one or more books provided for that purpose 
(including records of actions taken by the shareholders or the Board of 
Directors (or committees thereof) without a meeting); (b) see that all 
notices are duly given in accordance with the provisions of these by-laws 
or as required by the Wisconsin Business Corporation Law; (c) be custodian 
of the corporate records and of the seal of the corporation and see that 
the seal of the corporation is affixed to all documents the execution of 
which on behalf of the corporation under its seal is duly authorized; (d) 
maintain a record of the shareholders of the corporation, in a form that 
permits preparation of a list of the names and addresses of all 
shareholders, by class or series of shares and showing the number and class 
or series of shares held by each shareholder; (e) sign with the Chairman, 
the Vice Chairman, the President or a Vice President, certificates for 
shares of the corporation, the issuance of which shall have been authorized 
by resolution of the Board of Directors; (f) have general charge of the 
stock transfer books of the corporation; and (g) in general perform all 
duties incident to the office of Secretary and have such other duties and 
exercise such authority as from time to time may be delegated or assigned 
by the Chairman, the Vice Chairman, the President or the Board of 
Directors.

	4.12.  The Treasurer.  The Treasurer shall:  (a) have charge and 
custody of and be responsible for all funds and securities of the 
corporation; (b) maintain appropriate accounting records; (c) receive and 
give receipts for moneys due and payable to the corporation from any source 
whatsoever, and deposit all such moneys in the name of the corporation in 
such banks, trust companies or other depositaries as shall be selected in 
accordance with the provisions of Section 5.4; and (d) in general perform 
all of the duties incident to the office of Treasurer and have such other 
duties and exercise such other authority as from time to time may be 
delegated or assigned by the Chairman, the Vice Chairman, the President or 
the Board of Directors.  If required by the Board of Directors, the 
Treasurer shall give a bond for the faithful discharge of his or her duties 
in such sum and with such surety or sureties as the Board of Directors 
shall determine.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  17
	4.13.  Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers.  There shall be 
such number of Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers as the Board 
of Directors may from time to time authorize.  The Assistant Secretaries 
may sign with the Chairman, the Vice Chairman, the President or a Vice 
President certificates for shares of the corporation the issuance of which 
shall have been authorized by a resolution of the Board of Directors.  The 
Assistant Treasurers shall respectively, if required by the Board of 
Directors, give bonds for the faithful discharge of their duties in such 
sums and with such sureties as the Board of Directors shall determine.  The 
Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers, in general, shall perform 
such duties and have such authority as shall from time to time be delegated 
or assigned to them by the Secretary or the Treasurer, respectively, or by 
the Chairman, the Vice Chairman, the President or the Board of Directors.

	4.14.  Other Assistants and Acting Officers.  The Board of Directors 
shall have the power to appoint, or to authorize any duly appointed officer 
of the corporation to appoint, any person to act as assistant to any 
officer, or as agent for the corporation in his or her stead, or to perform 
the duties of such officer whenever for any reason it is impracticable for 
such officer to act personally, and such assistant or acting officer or 
other agent so appointed by the Board of Directors or an authorized officer 
shall have the power to perform all the duties of the office to which he or 
she is so appointed to be an assistant, or as to which he or she is so 
appointed to act, except as such power may be otherwise defined or 
restricted by the Board of Directors or the appointing officer.


ARTICLE  V.    CONTRACTS, LOANS, CHECKS
AND DEPOSITS; SPECIAL CORPORATE ACTS

	5.1.  Contracts.  The Board of Directors may authorize any officer or 
officers, agent or agents, to enter into any contract or execute or deliver 
any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the corporation, and such 
authorization may be general or confined to specific instances.  In the 
absence of other designation, all deeds, mortgages and instruments of 
assignment or pledge made by the corporation shall be executed in the name 
of the corporation by the Chairman, the Vice Chairman, the President or one 
of the Vice Presidents and by the Secretary, an Assistant Secretary, the 
Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer; the Secretary or an Assistant 
Secretary, when necessary or required, shall affix the corporate seal, if 
any, thereto; and when so executed no other party to such instrument or any 
third party shall be required to make any inquiry into the authority of the 
signing officer or officers.

	5.2.  Loans.  No indebtedness for borrowed money shall be contracted 
on behalf of the corporation and no evidences of such indebtedness shall be 
issued in its name unless authorized by or under the authority of a 
resolution of the Board of Directors.  Such authorization may be general or 
confined to specific instances.
<PAGE>
<PAGE>  18
	5.3.  Checks, Drafts, etc.  All checks, drafts or other orders for the 
payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the 
name of the corporation, shall be signed by such officer or officers, agent 
or agents of the corporation and in such manner as shall from time to time 
be determined by or under the authority of a resolution of the Board of 
Directors.

	5.4.  Deposits.  All funds of the corporation not otherwise employed 
shall be deposited from time to time to the credit of the corporation in 
such banks, trust companies or other depositaries as may be selected by or 
under the authority of a resolution of the Board of Directors.

	5.5.  Voting of Securities Owned by this Corporation.  Subject always 
to the specific directions of the Board of Directors, (a) any shares or 
other securities issued by any other corporation and owned or controlled by 
this corporation may be voted at any meeting of security holders of such 
other corporation by the Chairman of this corporation if he or she be 
present, or in his or her absence, by the Vice Chairman of this corporation 
if he or she be present, or in his or her absence, by the President of this 
corporation if he or she be present, or in his or her absence by any Vice 
President of this corporation who may be present, and (b) whenever, in the 
judgment of the Chairman, or in his or her absence, the Vice Chairman, or 
in his or her absence, the President, or in his or her absence, any Vice 
President, it is desirable for this corporation to execute a proxy or 
written consent in respect to any shares or other securities issued by any 
other corporation and owned by this corporation, such proxy or consent 
shall be executed in the name of this corporation by the Chairman, the Vice 
Chairman, the President or one of the Vice Presidents of this corporation, 
without necessity of any authorization by the Board of Directors, 
affixation of corporate seal, if any, or countersignature or attestation by 
another officer.  Any person or persons designated in the manner above 
stated as the proxy or proxies of this corporation shall have full right, 
power and authority to vote the shares or other securities issued by such 
other corporation and owned by this corporation the same as such shares or 
other securities might be voted by this corporation.


<PAGE>
<PAGE>  19
ARTICLE  VI.    CERTIFICATES FOR SHARES; TRANSFER OF SHARES

	6.1.  Certificates for Shares.  Certificates representing shares of 
the corporation shall be in such form, consistent with the Wisconsin 
Business Corporation Law, as shall be determined by the Board of Directors.  
Such certificates shall be signed by the Chairman, the Vice Chairman, the 
President or a Vice President and by the Secretary or an Assistant 
Secretary.  All certificates for shares shall be consecutively numbered or 
otherwise identified.  The name and address of the person to whom the 
shares represented thereby are issued, with the number of shares and date 
of issue, shall be entered on the stock transfer books of the corporation.  
All certificates surrendered to the corporation for transfer shall be 
canceled and no new certificate shall be issued until the former 
certificate for a like number of shares shall have been surrendered and 
canceled, except as provided in Section 6.6.

	6.2.  Facsimile Signatures and Seal.  The seal of the corporation on 
any certificates for shares may be a facsimile.  The signature of the 
Chairman, the Vice Chairman, the President or Vice President and the 
Secretary or Assistant Secretary upon a certificate may be facsimiles if 
the certificate is manually signed on behalf of a transfer agent, or a 
registrar, other than the corporation itself or an employee of the 
corporation.

	6.3.  Signature by Former Officers.  The validity of a share 
certificate is not affected if a person who signed the certificate (either 
manually or in facsimile) no longer holds office when the certificate is 
issued.

	6.4.  Transfer of Shares.  Prior to due presentment of a certificate 
for shares for registration of transfer the corporation may treat the 
registered owner of such shares as the person exclusively entitled to vote, 
to receive notifications and otherwise to have and exercise all the rights 
and power of an owner.  Where a certificate for shares is presented to the 
corporation with a request to register for transfer, the corporation shall 
not be liable to the owner or any other person suffering loss as a result 
of such registration of transfer if (a) there were on or with the 
certificate the necessary endorsements, and (b) the corporation had no duty 
to inquire into adverse claims or has discharged any such duty.  The 
corporation may require reasonable assurance that such endorsements are 
genuine and effective and compliance with such other regulations as may be 
prescribed by or under the authority of the Board of Directors.

	6.5.  Restrictions on Transfer.  The face or reverse side of each 
certificate representing shares shall bear a conspicuous notation of any 
restriction imposed by the corporation upon the transfer of such shares.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  20
	6.6.  Lost, Destroyed or Stolen Certificates.  Where the owner claims 
that certificates for shares have been lost, destroyed or wrongfully taken, 
a new certificate shall be issued in place thereof if the owner (a) so 
requests before the corporation has notice that such shares have been 
acquired by a bona fide purchaser, (b) files with the corporation a 
sufficient indemnity bond if required by the Board of Directors or any 
principal officer, and (c) satisfies such other reasonable requirements as 
may be prescribed by or under the authority of the Board of Directors.

	6.7.  Consideration for Shares.  The Board of Directors may authorize 
shares to be issued for consideration consisting of any tangible or 
intangible property or benefit to the corporation, including cash, 
promissory notes, services performed, contracts for services to be 
performed or other securities of the corporation.  Before the corporation 
issues shares, the Board of Directors shall determine that the 
consideration received or to be received for the shares to be issued is 
adequate.  The determination of the Board of Directors is conclusive 
insofar as the adequacy of consideration for the issuance of shares relates 
to whether the shares are validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.  
The corporation may place in escrow shares issued in whole or in part for a 
contract for future services or benefits, a promissory note, or otherwise 
for property to be issued in the future, or make other arrangements to 
restrict the transfer of the shares, and may credit distributions in 
respect of the shares against their purchase price, until the services are 
performed, the benefits or property are received or the promissory note is 
paid.  If the services are not performed, the benefits or property are not 
received or the promissory note is not paid, the corporation may cancel, in 
whole or in part, the shares escrowed or restricted and the distributions 
credited.

	6.8.  Stock Regulations.  The Board of Directors shall have the power 
and authority to make all such further rules and regulations not 
inconsistent with law as it may deem expedient concerning the issue, 
transfer and registration of shares of the corporation.


ARTICLE  VII.    SEAL

	7.1.   Seal.  The Board of Directors shall provide for a corporate 
seal for the corporation which shall be circular in form and shall have 
inscribed thereon the name of the corporation, the state of incorporation 
and the words "Corporate Seal".


<PAGE>
<PAGE>  21
ARTICLE  VIII.    INDEMNIFICATION

	8.1.  Provision of Indemnification.  The corporation shall, to the 
fullest extent permitted or required by Sections 180.0850 to 180.0859, 
inclusive, of the Wisconsin Business Corporation Law, including any 
amendments thereto (but in the case of any such amendment, only to the 
extent such amendment permits or requires the corporation to provide 
broader indemnification rights than prior to such amendment), indemnify its 
Directors and Officers against any and all Liabilities, and advance any and 
all reasonable Expenses, incurred thereby in any Proceeding to which any 
such Director of Officer is a Party because he or she is or was a Director 
or Officer of the corporation.  The corporation shall also indemnify an 
employee who is not a Director or Officer, to the extent that the employee 
has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of a Proceeding, 
for all reasonable Expenses incurred in the Proceeding if the employee was 
a Party because he or she is or was an employee of the corporation.  The 
rights to indemnification granted hereunder shall not be deemed exclusive 
of any other rights to indemnification against Liabilities or the 
advancement of Expenses which a Director, Officer or employee may be 
entitled under any written agreement, Board resolution, vote of 
shareholders, the Wisconsin Business Corporation Law or otherwise.  The 
corporation may, but shall not be required to, supplement the foregoing 
rights to indemnification against Liabilities and advancement of Expenses 
under this Section 8.1 by the purchase of insurance on behalf of any one or 
more of such Directors, Officers or employees, whether or not the 
corporation would be obligated to indemnify or advance Expenses to such 
Director, Officer or employee under this Section 8.1.  All capitalized 
terms used in this Article VIII and not otherwise defined herein shall have 
the meaning set forth in Section 180.0850 of the Wisconsin Business 
Corporation Law.


ARTICLE  IX.    AMENDMENTS

	9.1.   By Shareholder.  Except as otherwise provided in the articles 
of incorporation and these by-laws, the shareholders shall have the power 
to adopt, amend, alter, change or repeal any of the by-laws of the 
corporation by the affirmative vote of shareholders holding not less than a 
majority of the voting power of the then outstanding shares of all classes 
of capital stock of the corporation generally possession, voting rights 
present or represented at any annual or special meeting of the shareholders 
at which a quorum is in attendance.

<PAGE>
<PAGE>  22
	9.2.  By Directors.  Except as otherwise provided by the Wisconsin 
Business Corporation Law, the articles of incorporation and these by-laws, 
the Board of Directors shall have the power to adopt, amend, alter, change 
or repeal any of the by-laws of the corporation by the affirmative vote of 
a majority of the directors present at any meeting of the Board of 
Directors at which a quorum is in attendance; but no by-law adopted by the 
shareholders shall be amended or repealed by the Board of Directors if the 
by-law so adopted so provides.  The manner of adoption of these by-laws or 
any section or provision thereof shall not be deemed to impair or negate 
the power of the Board of Directors to adopt, amend, alter, change or 
repeal these by-laws as provided herein.

	9.3.  Implied Amendments.  Any action taken or authorized by the 
shareholders or by the Board of Directors which would be inconsistent with 
the by-laws then in effect but which is taken or authorized by affirmative 
vote of not less than the number of shares or the number of directors 
required to amend the by-laws so that the by-laws would be consistent with 
such action shall be given the same effect as though the by-laws had been 
temporarily amended or suspended so far, but only so far, as is necessary 
to permit the specific action so taken or authorized.



<TABLE> <S> <C>

<ARTICLE> UT
<LEGEND>
This schedule contains summary financial information extracted from the WICOR,
Inc. FORM 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 1999 and is qualified in its
entirety by reference to such financial statements and the related footnotes.
</LEGEND>
<MULTIPLIER> 1,000
       
<S>                             <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE>                   3-MOS
<FISCAL-YEAR-END>                          DEC-31-1999
<PERIOD-END>                               MAR-31-1999
<BOOK-VALUE>                                  PER-BOOK
<TOTAL-NET-UTILITY-PLANT>                      377,004
<OTHER-PROPERTY-AND-INVEST>                     66,269
<TOTAL-CURRENT-ASSETS>                         348,094
<TOTAL-DEFERRED-CHARGES>                       212,512
<OTHER-ASSETS>                                       0
<TOTAL-ASSETS>                               1,003,879
<COMMON>                                        37,417
<CAPITAL-SURPLUS-PAID-IN>                      217,456
<RETAINED-EARNINGS>                            181,569
<TOTAL-COMMON-STOCKHOLDERS-EQ>                 424,731
                                0
                                          0
<LONG-TERM-DEBT-NET>                           187,212
<SHORT-TERM-NOTES>                                   0
<LONG-TERM-NOTES-PAYABLE>                      160,000
<COMMERCIAL-PAPER-OBLIGATIONS>                  30,268
<LONG-TERM-DEBT-CURRENT-PORT>                    1,490
                            0
<CAPITAL-LEASE-OBLIGATIONS>                          0
<LEASES-CURRENT>                                     0
<OTHER-ITEMS-CAPITAL-AND-LIAB>                 360,178
<TOT-CAPITALIZATION-AND-LIAB>                1,003,879
<GROSS-OPERATING-REVENUE>                      304,241
<INCOME-TAX-EXPENSE>                            17,539
<OTHER-OPERATING-EXPENSES>                     254,149
<TOTAL-OPERATING-EXPENSES>                     271,688
<OPERATING-INCOME-LOSS>                         32,553
<OTHER-INCOME-NET>                                 770
<INCOME-BEFORE-INTEREST-EXPEN>                  33,323
<TOTAL-INTEREST-EXPENSE>                         4,457
<NET-INCOME>                                    28,866
                          0
<EARNINGS-AVAILABLE-FOR-COMM>                   28,866
<COMMON-STOCK-DIVIDENDS>                         8,277
<TOTAL-INTEREST-ON-BONDS>                          216
<CASH-FLOW-OPERATIONS>                          72,142
<EPS-PRIMARY>                                     0.77
<EPS-DILUTED>                                     0.77
        

</TABLE>


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