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Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3)
PROSPECTUS Registration No. 333-49135
2,112,491 SHARES
EXCO RESOURCES, INC.
COMMON STOCK
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On July 16, 1998, EXCO Resources, Inc. ("EXCO") distributed to the holders
of its common stock, par value $.02 per share (the "Common Stock"), transferable
rights (the "Rights") to subscribe for and purchase an aggregate of 5,943,360
shares of EXCO's Common Stock, for a price of $6.00 per share (the "Subscription
Price"). Each holder of Common Stock of record as of July 16, 1998 was entitled
to receive ten Rights for each share of Common Stock held as of such date. One
Right entitled the holder to purchase one share of Common Stock. Each Right also
carried the right to subscribe at the Subscription Price for shares of Common
Stock that were not otherwise purchased pursuant to the exercise of Rights. The
distribution of the Rights and sale of shares of Common Stock are referred to
herein as the "Rights Offering." The Rights expired at 5:00 p.m., Dallas time,
on August 12, 1998. Ares Management, L.P. on behalf of Ares Leveraged
Investment Fund, L.P. ("Ares") and Oaktree Capital Management, LLC on behalf of
OCM Principal Opportunities Fund, L.P. ("Oaktree") (together, the "Standby
Purchasers") each provided a standby commitment (the "Standby Purchase
Agreements") to purchase from EXCO shares of Common Stock not purchased pursuant
to the exercise of the Rights, also at a price of $6.00 per share. Ares
purchased from EXCO 1,112,491 shares of Common Stock not purchased pursuant to
the exercise of the Rights. Oaktree purchased from EXCO 1,000,000 shares of
Common Stock not purchased pursuant to the exercise of the Rights. The Rights
Offering, together with the Standby Purchase Agreements, resulted in the sale of
5,943,360 shares of Common Stock.
This Prospectus covers the reoffer and resale of the shares of Common Stock
(the "Shares") acquired by the Standby Purchasers (collectively, the "Selling
Shareholders"), when and if the Selling Shareholders decide to sell the Shares.
See "Selling Shareholders" and "Plan of Distribution."
EXCO has been advised by the Selling Shareholders that when and if the
Selling Shareholders decide to sell the Shares, they intend to sell all or a
portion of the Shares from time to time on the Nasdaq National Market System
(the "Nasdaq NMS"), in negotiated transactions or otherwise, on terms and at
prices then obtainable. The Selling Shareholders may effect such transactions
by selling the Shares to or through broker-dealers, and such broker-dealers may
receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from
the Selling Shareholders or the purchasers of the Shares for whom such broker-
dealers may act as agents or to whom they sell as principal or both (which
compensation to a particular broker-dealer may be in excess of customary
commission). EXCO will not receive any proceeds from the sale of Common Stock
by the Selling Shareholders. The aggregate proceeds to the Selling Shareholders
from the sale of the Shares will be the price of the Shares sold less the
aggregate agents' commissions and underwriters' discounts, if any, and other
expenses of issuance and distribution not borne by EXCO. See "Selling
Shareholders" and "Plan of Distribution."
The Selling Shareholders and any broker-dealers, agents or underwriters
that participate with the Selling Shareholders in the distribution of any of the
Shares may be deemed to be "underwriters" within the meaning of the Securities
Act of 1933 (the "Securities Act"), and any commission received by them and any
profit on the resale of the Shares purchased by them may be deemed to be
underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act. EXCO has agreed
to indemnify the Selling Shareholders, and the Selling Shareholders have agreed
to indemnify EXCO, against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the
Securities Act.
The Common Stock is quoted on the Nasdaq NMS under the symbol "EXCO." On
October 19, 1998, the last reported sale price of the Common Stock on the Nasdaq
NMS was $7.25 per share.
SEE "RISK FACTORS" BEGINNING ON PAGE 3 FOR A DISCUSSION OF CERTAIN FACTORS THAT
SHOULD BE CONSIDERED IN CONNECTION WITH AN INVESTMENT IN THE COMMON STOCK
OFFERED HEREBY.
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THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION, NOR HAS THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE
ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY
REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY
IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
------------------------
Except as described in this Prospectus under "Plan of Distribution," EXCO
will pay all expenses incident to the offering and sale of the Shares to the
public. See "Plan of Distribution."
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October 21, 1998
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NO DEALER, SALESPERSON OR OTHER INDIVIDUAL HAS BEEN AUTHORIZED TO GIVE ANY
INFORMATION OR TO MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS OTHER THAN THOSE CONTAINED IN THIS
PROSPECTUS, IN CONNECTION WITH THIS OFFERING COVERED BY THIS PROSPECTUS. IF
GIVEN OR MADE, SUCH INFORMATION OR REPRESENTATIONS MUST NOT BE RELIED UPON AS
HAVING BEEN AUTHORIZED BY EXCO OR ANY AGENT OR UNDERWRITER. THIS PROSPECTUS
DOES NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL, OR A SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY,
RIGHTS OR COMMON STOCK IN ANY JURISDICTION WHERE, OR TO ANY PERSON TO WHOM, IT
IS UNLAWFUL TO MAKE SUCH OFFER OR SOLICITATION. NEITHER THE DELIVERY OF THIS
PROSPECTUS NOR ANY SALE MADE HEREUNDER SHALL, UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, CREATE
ANY IMPLICATION THAT THERE HAS BEEN NO CHANGE IN THE FACTS SET FORTH IN THIS
PROSPECTUS OR IN THE AFFAIRS OF EXCO SINCE THE DATE HEREOF.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
The Company................................................................ 3
Risk Factors............................................................... 3
Recent Developments........................................................ 10
Use of Proceeds............................................................ 13
Dilution................................................................... 14
Price Range of Common Stock and Dividend Policy............................ 15
Selling Shareholders....................................................... 16
Plan of Distribution....................................................... 17
Description of Capital Stock............................................... 17
Legal Matters.............................................................. 19
Experts.................................................................... 19
Additional Information..................................................... 20
Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference............................ 21
Glossary of Selected Oil and Natural Gas Terms............................. 22
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THE COMPANY
The following summary is qualified in its entirety by the more detailed
information and financial statements (including the notes thereto) appearing
elsewhere in this Prospectus or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus.
Unless the context otherwise requires, the term "EXCO" means EXCO Resources,
Inc. and its subsidiary taken as a whole. Quantities stated as equivalent oil
reserves are based on a factor of six thousand cubic feet of natural gas per
barrel of oil. Except as otherwise indicated herein, each reference herein to
"on a pro forma basis" shall mean that the results for the stated period or
other information has been adjusted to reflect the consummation of the Maverick
County Acquisition, the Jacobi-Johnson Acquisition, the Dawson County
Acquisition and the Merger Agreement (each as defined herein). Unless otherwise
stated herein, all references to shares of Common Stock for periods prior to
March 31, 1998, do not take into account EXCO's Reverse Stock Split (as defined
herein) approved by shareholders on March 31, 1998. Certain terms relating to
the oil and natural gas business and used herein are defined in the "Glossary of
Selected Oil and Natural Gas Terms" included elsewhere in this Prospectus.
EXCO is an independent oil and natural gas company that has been engaged in
the oil and natural gas business since 1955. EXCO's activities are currently
conducted primarily in Texas and Louisiana. Due to limited capital resources and
cash flow, in recent years EXCO's business activity had decreased. At December
31, 1997, EXCO had 779,150 Boe of proved reserves, 93% of which were natural
gas, and owned leasehold interests in a total of 15,788 gross acres (3,744 net
acres) of oil and natural gas properties, 49% of gross acres (75% net) which
were developed acres. EXCO held interests in 47 gross (9.76 net) wells at
December 31, 1997. On a pro forma basis at December 31, 1997, EXCO had an
interest in 176 gross (50.9 net) wells and had estimated proved reserves of
2,268,100 Boe with an estimated SEC PV-10 of $13.1 million ($12.2 million
Standardized Measure). Approximately 70% of these reserves were classified as
proved developed producing reserves. On a pro forma basis at December 31, 1997,
EXCO's proved reserves had an estimated reserve life of 13.3 years and were 62%
natural gas. EXCO currently serves as operator of 77 wells.
On December 19, 1997, Douglas H. Miller ("Mr. Miller") acquired 413,423
(approximately 51%) of EXCO's outstanding shares of Common Stock at $3.00 per
share, from various holders, including certain current and former officers and
directors of EXCO. At that time, three of EXCO's five directors resigned and
Mr. Miller and T.W. Eubank ("Mr. Eubank") were elected to the Board of
Directors. In addition, Mr. Miller was elected Chairman of the Board and Chief
Executive Officer and Mr. Eubank was elected President, Treasurer and Chief
Financial Officer. On December 31, 1997, Mr. Eubank and Earl E. Ellis ("Mr.
Ellis") each acquired from EXCO 100,000 shares of Common Stock for $3.00 per
share. Also, on December 31, 1997, Mr. Eubank resigned as Chief Financial
Officer and J. Douglas Ramsey ("Dr. Ramsey") was appointed Chief Financial
Officer and Vice President of EXCO. Mr. Miller was formerly Chairman of the
Board and Chief Executive Officer of Coda Energy, Inc. ("Coda"). Mr. Eubank was
formerly President and a director of Coda and Mr. Ellis was formerly a director
of Coda. Dr. Ramsey was formerly Financial Planning Manager of Coda. With the
proceeds of the Rights Offering and the credit facility arranged with
NationsBank, N.A. (as amended, the "Credit Facility Agreement"), the new
management team has commenced an aggressive acquisition, development and
exploitation program. In executing this strategy, EXCO will focus on producing
properties with enhancement opportunities from activities such as infill
drilling, recompletions, repairs and equipment changes. EXCO will seek
properties it can operate, thus maintaining the maximum control of enhancement
activities.
EXCO's principal executive offices are located at 5735 Pineland Drive,
Suite 235, Dallas, Texas 75231 (telephone: (214) 368-2084).
RISK FACTORS
Prior to making an investment decision, prospective investors should
consider fully, together with the other information contained in or incorporated
by reference into this Prospectus, the following factors:
DISCLOSURE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Prospectus includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of
Section 27A of the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"), which can be identified by the
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use of forward-looking terminology such as, "may," "believe," "expect,"
"intend," "anticipate," "estimate" or "continue" or the negative thereof or
other variations thereon or comparable terminology. All statements other than
statements of historical fact included in this Prospectus, including without
limitation, the statements under "Risk Factors," "The Company" and "Recent
Developments" located elsewhere herein regarding EXCO's financial position and
liquidity, the volume or discounted present value of its oil and natural gas
reserves, its ability to service its indebtedness, its strategic plans including
its ability to locate and complete acquisitions of oil and natural gas assets,
and other matters, are forward-looking statements. Although EXCO believes that
the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, it
can give no assurance that such expectations will prove to have been correct.
Important factors with respect to any such forward-looking statements, including
certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ
materially from EXCO's expectations ("Cautionary Statements") are disclosed in
this Prospectus, including, without limitation, in conjunction with the forward-
looking statements included in this Prospectus. Important factors that could
cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking
statements herein include, but are not limited to, the timing and extent of
changes in commodity prices for oil and natural gas, the need to develop and
replace reserves, environmental risks, drilling and operating risks, risks
related to exploitation and development, uncertainties about the estimates of
reserves, competition, government regulation and the ability of EXCO to meet its
stated business goals. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking
statements attributable to EXCO or persons acting on its behalf are expressly
qualified in their entirety by the Cautionary Statements.
FINANCIAL RISKS
FUTURE DEBT SERVICE
EXCO has arranged the Credit Facility Agreement to provide an additional
source of capital to finance EXCO's acquisition, development and exploitation
strategy. EXCO's level of indebtedness in the future could have certain effects
on its future operations, including that (i) a substantial portion of EXCO's
cash flow from operations could be dedicated to the payment of interest and
principal on its indebtedness and will not be available for other purposes, (ii)
the covenants contained in the Credit Facility Agreement require EXCO to meet
certain financial tests and other restrictions, will limit its ability to borrow
additional funds, to grant liens and to dispose of assets and will affect EXCO's
flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in its business, including
possible acquisition activities, and (iii) EXCO's ability to obtain additional
financing in the future for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions,
general corporate purposes or other purposes may be impaired. The pledge of
substantially all of EXCO's assets as collateral for the Credit Facility
Agreement will for the foreseeable future make it difficult for EXCO to obtain
financing on an unsecured basis or to obtain secured financing other than
certain "purchase money" indebtedness collateralized by the acquired assets.
EXCO's ability to meet any future debt service obligations will be
dependent upon EXCO's future performance, which will be subject to oil and
natural gas prices, EXCO's level of production, general economic conditions and
to financial, business and other factors affecting the operations of EXCO, many
of which are beyond its control. There can be no assurance that EXCO's future
performance will not be adversely affected by such changes in oil and natural
gas prices and/or production nor by such economic conditions and/or financial,
business and other factors. In addition, there can be no assurance that EXCO's
business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future bank
credit will be available in an amount sufficient to enable EXCO to service its
indebtedness or make necessary expenditures. In such event, EXCO would be
required to obtain such financing from the sale of equity securities or other
debt financing. There can be no assurance that any such financing will be
available on terms acceptable to EXCO. Should sufficient capital not be
available, EXCO may not be able to continue to implement its business strategy.
HISTORY OF LOSSES
EXCO had net losses of $160,000, $326,000 and $205,000, for the nine months
ended December 31, 1995 and the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997,
respectively. EXCO had a net loss of $486,000 for the first six months ended
June 30, 1998 in part due to significantly higher general and administrative
costs. This increase reflects EXCO's increased staffing and new focus on reserve
acquisitions. There is no assurance that EXCO will consummate any acquisitions
in the future and, to the extent that natural gas and crude oil prices are low,
such losses may be substantial. See "-- Business and Industry Risks -- Effects
of Changing Prices."
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BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY RISKS
NEED FOR ADDITIONAL FINANCING FOR GROWTH
The growth of EXCO's business will require substantial capital on a
continuing basis. There is no assurance that any such required additional funds
would be available on satisfactory terms and conditions, if at all. There is
also no assurance that EXCO will not pursue, from time to time, opportunities to
acquire oil and natural gas properties and businesses that may utilize the
capital currently expected to be available for its present operations. The
amount and timing of EXCO's future capital requirements, if any, will depend
upon a number of factors, including drilling costs, transportation costs,
equipment costs, marketing expenses, staffing levels and competitive conditions,
and any purchases or dispositions of assets, many of which are not within EXCO's
control. Failure to obtain any required additional financing could materially
adversely affect the growth, cash flow and earnings of EXCO. In addition, EXCO's
pursuit of additional capital could result in the incurrence of additional debt
or potentially dilutive issuances of additional equity securities.
CONCENTRATION OF PRODUCTION
Four properties which currently include two wells account for 75% of EXCO's
SEC PV-10 value based on proved reserves (including proved undeveloped reserves)
at December 31, 1997. On a pro forma basis, 44 properties which currently
include 52 wells account for 75% of EXCO's SEC PV-10 value based on proved
reserves (including proved undeveloped reserves) at December 31, 1997.
Accordingly, to the extent that EXCO experiences any operating difficulties in
connection with such wells or that the estimated proved reserves attributable
thereto are less than those that are currently estimated to exist or to the
extent EXCO is unable to fully develop proved reserves currently classified as
proved undeveloped reserves, EXCO could be adversely affected.
GEOGRAPHIC RESTRICTIONS
Pursuant to the non-competition provisions of Mr. Miller's employment
agreement with Coda, Mr. Miller, and as a result EXCO, is prohibited for a
period of one year beginning November 26, 1997 from acquiring or seeking to
acquire any rights or interest in any of sixteen properties in which Coda has an
existing interest or which it was studying at November 26, 1997. This
restriction also extends to two oil and natural gas companies. Some of these
locations are in areas in which EXCO might have an interest and generally
represent the types of properties EXCO would be interested in acquiring. The
non-competition restrictions may adversely effect, at least in the short term,
EXCO's ability to execute its growth strategy.
INABILITY TO DEVELOP ADDITIONAL RESERVES
EXCO's future success as an oil and natural gas producer, as is generally
the case in the industry, depends upon its ability to find, develop and acquire
additional oil and natural gas reserves that are economically recoverable.
Except to the extent that EXCO conducts successful development activities or
acquires properties containing proved reserves, EXCO's proved reserves will
generally decline as reserves are produced. There can be no assurance that EXCO
will be able to locate additional reserves or that EXCO will drill economically
productive wells or acquire properties containing proved reserves.
ACQUISITION RISKS
EXCO's business strategy includes focused acquisitions of producing oil and
natural gas properties. Any such future acquisitions will require an assessment
of the recoverable reserves, future oil and natural gas prices, operating costs,
potential environmental and other liabilities and other similar factors. It
generally is not feasible to review in detail every individual property involved
in an acquisition. Ordinarily, review efforts are focused on the higher-valued
properties. However, even a detailed review of all properties and records may
not reveal existing or potential problems; nor will it permit EXCO to become
sufficiently familiar with the properties to assess fully their deficiencies and
capabilities. Inspections are not always performed on every well, and potential
problems, such as mechanical integrity of equipment and environmental conditions
that may require significant remedial expenditures, are not necessarily
observable even when an inspection is undertaken. Even if problems are
identified, the seller may be unwilling or unable to provide effective
contractual protection against all or part of such problems. There can
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be no assurance that oil and natural gas properties acquired by EXCO will be
successfully integrated into EXCO's operations or will achieve desired
profitability objectives.
DRILLING RISKS
EXCO's drilling involves numerous risks, including the risk that no
commercially productive natural gas or oil reservoirs will be encountered. EXCO
must incur significant expenditures for the identification and acquisition of
properties and for the drilling and completion of wells. The cost of drilling,
completing and operating wells is often uncertain, and drilling operations may
be curtailed, delayed or canceled as a result of a variety of factors, including
unexpected drilling conditions, pressure or irregularities in formations,
equipment failures or accidents, weather conditions and shortages or delays in
the delivery of equipment. In addition, any use by EXCO of 3-dimensional seismic
and other advanced technology requires greater pre-drilling expenditures than
traditional drilling strategies. There can be no assurance as to the success of
EXCO's future drilling activities.
UNCERTAINTY OF ESTIMATES OF OIL AND NATURAL GAS RESERVES
Numerous uncertainties are inherent in estimating quantities of proved oil
and natural gas reserves, including many factors beyond the control of EXCO.
This Prospectus contains an estimate of EXCO's proved oil and natural gas
reserves and the estimated future net cash flows and revenue therefrom based
upon reports of EXCO's independent petroleum engineers. Such reports rely upon
various assumptions, including assumptions required by the Securities and
Exchange Commission (the "Commission"), as to constant oil and natural gas
prices, drilling and operating expenses, capital expenditures, taxes and
availability of funds and such reports should not be construed as the current
market value of the estimated proved reserves. The process of estimating oil
and natural gas reserves is complex, requiring significant decisions and
assumptions in the evaluation of available geological, engineering and economic
data for each reservoir. As a result, such estimates are inherently an
imprecise evaluation of reserve quantities and the future net revenue therefrom.
Actual future production, revenue, taxes, development expenditures, operating
expenses and quantities of recoverable oil and natural gas reserves may vary
substantially from those assumed in the estimate. Any significant variance in
these assumptions could materially affect the estimated quantity and value of
reserves set forth in this Prospectus. In addition, EXCO's reserves may be
subject to downward or upward revision, based upon production history, results
of future exploitation and development, prevailing oil and natural gas prices
and other factors.
GEOGRAPHIC CONCENTRATION OF OPERATIONS
Virtually all of EXCO's current operations are located in Texas and
Louisiana. Because of this concentration, any regional events that increase
costs or competition, reduce availability of equipment or supplies, reduce
demand or limit production will impact EXCO more adversely than if EXCO was
geographically diversified.
CERTAIN INDUSTRY AND MARKETING RISKS
EXCO's operations are subject to the risks and uncertainties associated
with drilling for, producing and transporting of oil and natural gas. EXCO's
future ability to market its natural gas and oil production will depend upon the
availability and capacity of natural gas gathering systems and pipelines and
other transportation facilities. Federal and state regulation of oil and natural
gas production and transportation, general economic conditions, changes in
supply and in demand all could materially adversely affect EXCO's ability to
market its oil and natural gas production.
EFFECTS OF CHANGING PRICES
The future financial condition and results of operations of EXCO depend
upon the prices it receives for its oil, natural gas and the costs of acquiring,
developing and producing oil and natural gas. Oil and natural gas prices have
historically been volatile and are subject to fluctuations in response to
changes in supply, market uncertainty and a variety of additional factors that
are also beyond EXCO's control. These factors include, without limitation, the
level of domestic production, the availability of imported oil and natural gas,
actions taken by foreign oil and natural gas producing nations, the availability
of transportation systems with adequate capacity, the availability of
competitive fuels, fluctuating and seasonal demand for natural gas, conservation
and the extent of governmental
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regulation of production, weather, foreign and domestic government relations,
the price of domestic and imported oil and natural gas, and the overall economic
environment. A substantial or extended decline in oil and/or natural gas prices
could have a material adverse effect on EXCO's estimated value of its natural
gas and oil reserves, and on its financial position, results of operations and
access to capital. EXCO does not currently use any financial products to hedge
commodity price volatility risk, although it may use such financial products in
the future. EXCO does not currently have a hedging policy. EXCO's ability to
maintain or increase its borrowing capacity, to repay current or future
indebtedness and to obtain additional capital on attractive terms is
substantially dependent upon oil and natural gas prices.
EXCO uses the full cost method of accounting for its investment in oil and
natural gas properties. Under the full cost method of accounting, all costs of
acquisition, exploration and development of oil and natural gas reserves are
capitalized into a "full cost pool" as incurred, and properties in the pool are
depleted and charged to operations using the unit-of-production method based on
the ratio of current production to total proved oil and natural gas reserves.
To the extent that such capitalized costs (net of accumulated depreciation,
depletion and amortization) less deferred taxes exceed the SEC PV-10 of
estimated future net cash flow from proved reserves of oil and natural gas, and
the lower of cost or fair value of unproved properties after income tax effects,
such excess costs are charged against earnings. Once incurred, a write-down of
oil and natural gas properties is not reversible at a later date even if oil or
natural gas prices increase.
OPERATING HAZARDS AND UNINSURED RISKS
EXCO's operations are subject to the risks inherent in the oil and natural
gas industry, including the risks of fire, explosions, blow-outs, pipe failure,
abnormally pressured formations and environmental accidents such as oil spills,
gas leaks, ruptures or discharges of toxic gases, brine or well fluids into the
environment (including groundwater contamination). The occurrence of any of
these risks could result in substantial losses to EXCO due to injury or loss of
life, severe damage to or destruction of property, natural resources and
equipment, pollution or other environmental damage, clean-up responsibilities,
regulatory investigation and penalties and suspension of operations. In
accordance with customary industry practice, EXCO maintains insurance against
some, but not all, of the risks described above. There can be no assurance that
any insurance maintained by EXCO will be adequate to cover any such losses or
liabilities. Further, EXCO cannot predict the continued availability of
insurance, or availability at commercially acceptable premium levels. EXCO does
not carry business interruption insurance. Losses and liabilities arising from
uninsured or under-insured events could have a material adverse effect on the
financial condition and operations of EXCO. From time to time, due primarily to
contract terms, pipeline interruptions or weather conditions, the producing
wells in which EXCO owns an interest have been subject to production
curtailments. The curtailments range from production being partially restricted
to wells being completely shut-in. The duration of curtailments varies from a
few days to several months. In most cases EXCO is provided only limited notice
as to when production will be curtailed and the duration of such curtailments.
EXCO is not currently experiencing any material curtailment on its production.
SUBSTANTIAL COMPETITION
The oil and natural gas industry is highly competitive and there are many
other companies engaged in the oil and natural gas business. EXCO is likely to
encounter substantial competition from major oil companies, other independent
oil and natural gas concerns and individual producers and operators in acquiring
oil and natural gas properties suitable for exploitation and development. Many
of the companies with which EXCO competes have substantially greater financial,
technical and other resources and may have greater experience in the oil and
natural gas business than EXCO. Therefore, competitors may be able to pay more
for desirable leases and to evaluate, bid for and purchase a greater number of
properties or prospects than the financial or personnel resources of EXCO will
permit.
MARKET FOR COMMON STOCK
EXCO cannot ensure that an active trading market for the Common Stock on
the Nasdaq NMS or any other market will develop or be sustained subsequent to
the offering made hereby. After completion of the offering made hereby, the
market for the Common Stock may be influenced by many factors, including the
depth and liquidity of the market for the Common Stock, investor perceptions of
EXCO and general economic and other similar conditions.
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VOLATILITY OF STOCK PRICE
The market price for shares of the Common Stock has varied significantly
and may be volatile depending on news announcements or changes in general market
conditions. In particular, news announcements, quarterly results of operations,
competitive developments, litigation or governmental regulatory action impacting
EXCO may adversely affect the Common Stock price. In addition, because the
number of shares of Common Stock held by the public is relatively small, the
sale of a substantial number of shares of the Common Stock in a short period of
time could adversely affect the market price of the Common Stock. See "Price
Range of Common Stock and Dividend Policy."
DIVIDEND POLICY
EXCO has never paid cash dividends on its Common Stock and does not
anticipate paying cash dividends on its Common Stock in the foreseeable future.
The Common Stock is not a suitable investment for persons requiring current
income. See "Price Range of Common Stock and Dividend Policy."
ANTI-TAKEOVER EFFECT OF ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION AND POSSIBLE ISSUANCES OF
PREFERRED STOCK
Certain provisions of the Articles of Incorporation may delay, defer or
prevent a tender offer or takeover attempt that a shareholder might consider to
be in such shareholder's best interest, including attempts that might result in
a premium over the market price for the stock held by shareholders. The
Articles of Incorporation permit the Board of Directors to issue up to
10,000,000 shares of preferred stock and to establish by resolution one or more
series of preferred stock and to establish the powers, designations, preferences
and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each series of
preferred stock. The preferred stock could be issued on terms that are
unfavorable to the holders of Common Stock, including the grant of superior
voting rights, the grant of preferences in favor of preferred shareholders in
the payment of dividends and upon liquidation of EXCO and the designation of
conversion rights that entitle holders of preferred stock to convert their
shares into Common Stock on terms that are dilutive. The issuance of preferred
stock could make a takeover or change in control of EXCO more difficult. EXCO
however does not intend to use the provisions of the Articles of Incorporation
to delay, defer or prevent a tender offer or takeover attempt. Article 13 of
the Texas Business Corporation Act also provides certain protections to
shareholders of publicly-owned Texas corporations such as EXCO from certain
takeover attempts. See "Description of Capital Stock."
DEPENDENCE UPON KEY PERSONNEL
EXCO is substantially dependent upon two key individuals within its
management, Mr. Miller and Mr. Eubank. The loss of the services of either one
of these individuals could have a material adverse impact upon EXCO. EXCO does
not have key man insurance on either of these two individuals.
GOVERNMENTAL REGULATION
GENERAL
EXCO's operations are affected from time to time in varying degrees by
political developments and federal and state laws and regulations. In
particular, oil and natural gas production, operations and economics are or have
been affected by price controls, taxes and other laws relating to the oil and
natural gas industry, by changes in such laws and by changes in administrative
regulations. EXCO cannot predict how existing laws and regulations may be
interpreted by enforcement agencies or court rulings, whether additional laws
and regulations will be adopted, or the effect such changes may have on its
business or financial condition. Matters subject to regulation include discharge
permits for drilling operations, drilling and abandonment bonds or other
financial responsibility requirements, reports concerning operations, the
spacing of wells, unitization and pooling of properties, and taxation. There can
be no assurance that new laws or regulations, or modifications of or new
interpretations of existing laws and regulations, will not increase
substantially the cost of compliance or otherwise adversely affect EXCO's oil
and natural gas operations and financial condition or that material indemnity
claims will not arise against EXCO with respect to properties acquired by or
from EXCO.
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ENVIRONMENTAL
EXCO's operations are subject to numerous laws and regulations governing
the discharge of materials into the environment or otherwise relating to
environmental protection. These laws and regulations require the acquisition of
a permit before drilling commences, restrict the types, quantities and
concentration of various substances that can be released into the environment in
connection with drilling and production activities, limit or prohibit drilling
activities on certain lands lying within wilderness, wetlands and other
protected areas, and impose substantial liabilities for pollution which might
result from EXCO's operations. Moreover, the recent trend toward stricter
standards in environmental legislation and regulation is likely to continue. For
instance, legislation has been proposed in Congress from time to time that would
reclassify certain crude oil and natural gas exploitation and production wastes
as "hazardous wastes" which would make the reclassified wastes subject to much
more stringent handling, disposal and clean-up requirements. If such legislation
were to be enacted, it could have a significant impact on the operating costs of
EXCO, as well as the oil and natural gas industry in general. Initiatives to
further regulate the disposal of crude oil and natural gas wastes are also
pending in certain states, and these various initiatives could have a similar
impact on EXCO. EXCO could incur substantial costs to comply with environmental
laws and regulations. In addition to compliance costs, government entities and
other third parties may assert substantial liabilities against owners and
operators of oil and natural gas properties for oil spills, discharge of
hazardous materials, remediation and clean-up costs and other environmental
damages, including damages caused by previous property owners. As a result,
substantial liabilities to third parties or governmental entities may be
incurred, the payment of which could reduce or eliminate the funds available for
project investment or result in loss of EXCO's properties. Although EXCO
maintains insurance coverage it considers to be customary in the industry, it is
not fully insured against certain of these risks, either because such insurance
is not available or because of high premium costs. Accordingly, EXCO may be
subject to liability or may lose substantial portions of properties due to
hazards that cannot be insured against or have not been insured against due to
prohibitive premium costs or for other reasons. The imposition of any such
liabilities on EXCO could have a material adverse effect on EXCO's financial
condition and results of operations.
The Oil Pollution Act of 1990 imposes a variety of regulations on
"responsible parties" related to the prevention of oil spills. The
implementation of new, or the modification of existing, environmental laws or
regulations, including regulations promulgated pursuant to the Oil Pollution Act
of 1990, could have a material adverse impact on EXCO. While EXCO does not
anticipate incurring material costs in connection with environmental compliance
and remediation, it cannot guarantee that material costs will not be incurred.
9
<PAGE>
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
CHANGES OF CONTROL
MILLER PURCHASE
On December 19, 1997, Mr. Miller purchased (the "Purchase") 413,423 shares
of Common Stock. Upon completion of the Purchase, Mr. Miller became the
beneficial owner of approximately 51% of the Common Stock of EXCO.
The Purchase was effected pursuant to the terms of a stock option agreement
first dated December 8, 1997 among Mr. Miller, on the one hand, and Richard D.
Collins, Dave Fitzgerald, Inc., David N. Fitzgerald, Francis C. Fitzgerald, W.R.
Granberry, Glenn L. Seitz, Suzanne F. Bobo, J.A. Dinger, John A. Schlensker,
Donald C. Thomas, Jr. and R. Scott Collins (collectively, the "Sellers"), on the
other (the "Option Agreement"). The Sellers included members of EXCO's
management and certain affiliates. On December 18, 1997, Mr. Miller exercised
his option to purchase the shares. On December 19, 1997, Mr. Miller executed a
Stock Purchase Agreement among Mr. Miller, on the one hand, and certain Sellers,
on the other (the "Purchase Agreement"). Pursuant to the terms of the Option
Agreement and the Purchase Agreement, the Purchase was consummated December 19,
1997. In connection with the Purchase, Mr. Miller paid the Sellers an aggregate
of approximately $1,240,269 in cash from personal funds. The consideration paid
by Mr. Miller in connection with the Purchase was determined by arms' length
negotiations between Mr. Miller and the Sellers.
In addition, on December 19, 1997, the Board of Directors of EXCO held a
meeting at which time the resignations of various officers and directors of EXCO
were tendered and accepted. The Board of Directors appointed Mr. Miller as a
Director and then elected him Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of EXCO. The
Board of Directors also appointed Mr. Eubank to the Board of Directors and
elected him President, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer of EXCO. David N.
Fitzgerald ("Mr. Fitzgerald") resigned as Chairman of the Board of EXCO, Charles
W. Gleeson ("Mr. Gleeson") resigned as President and Chief Executive Officer of
EXCO, Glenn L. Seitz resigned as a Director and Treasurer of EXCO, Richard D.
Collins resigned as a Director and Secretary of EXCO and W.R. Granberry resigned
as a Director of EXCO. Richard E. Miller was elected Secretary of EXCO. Messrs.
Fitzgerald and Gleeson remained as Directors of EXCO. Messrs. Fitzgerald and
Gleeson did not stand for election at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders held on
March 31, 1998. See "-- Annual Meeting of Shareholders."
PRIVATE PLACEMENT
On December 31, 1997, EXCO issued, in a private placement, 100,000 shares
of Common Stock to Mr. Eubank for an aggregate purchase price of $300,000, or
$3.00 per share ($6.00 per share equivalent after adjusting for the Reverse
Stock Split). In addition, on that same date EXCO issued, in a private
placement, 100,000 shares to Mr. Ellis for an aggregate purchase price of
$300,000, or $3.00 per share ($6.00 per share equivalent after adjusting for the
Reverse Stock Split). All of the shares so issued are deemed "restricted"
shares under the Federal securities laws. The $600,000 aggregate gross purchase
consideration was used as general corporate working capital by EXCO. As of
December 31, 1997, EXCO had outstanding 1,005,300 shares of Common Stock.
On December 31, 1997, Mr. Eubank resigned as Chief Financial Officer and
Dr. Ramsey was appointed Chief Financial Officer and Vice President of EXCO.
For a description of further share ownership changes and change of control,
see "-- Rights Offering."
MAVERICK COUNTY ACQUISITION
EXCO is seeking to grow and diversify its operations through the
acquisition of certain energy assets including producing properties. On January
22, 1998, EXCO entered into a letter of intent to acquire certain properties
from Osborne Oil Company, Gypsy Production Company and certain other sellers in
the Chittim/Barclay Ranch Properties located in Maverick County, Texas (the
"Maverick County Properties"). On February 11, 1998, EXCO consummated a
purchase and sale agreement for the Maverick County Properties. The purchase
price for the Maverick County Properties was $760,200.
10
<PAGE>
On December 31, 1997, the Maverick County Properties were estimated to
contain 8,011 Bbls of oil and 2,447,785 Mcf of gas or 415,975 Boe of proved
reserves, 98% of which were natural gas, and owned leasehold interests in a
total of 3,744 gross acres (3,123 net acres) of oil and natural gas properties,
9.6% of gross acres which were developed acres. The Maverick County Properties
include 9 gross productive wells (7.0 net productive wells) and 2 gross (1.87
net) non-producing wells which may require recompletions, workovers or
abandonment. EXCO has identified at least two potential development well
locations, one of which was drilled and completed as a producing gas well in
April 1998. Approximately 66% of the estimated proved reserves of the Maverick
County Properties were classified as developed. The acquisition also includes
an 86.9% interest in a natural gas gathering system and an 88% interest in a
natural gas treating facility, both of which were operated by Osborne Oil
Company. The Maverick County Properties were mortgaged under the Credit Facility
Agreement.
JACOBI-JOHNSON ACQUISITION
On May 8, 1998, EXCO acquired all of the outstanding common stock of
Jacobi-Johnson Energy, Inc. ("Jacobi-Johnson"). Jacobi-Johnson owns oil and
natural gas working interests located in Polk, Nacogdoches, Navarro, Smith and
Wood Counties, Texas (collectively, the "Jacobi-Johnson Properties"). The
Jacobi-Johnson Properties include 34 gross producing (14.3 net producing) wells
with current net production of approximately 59.4 Bbls of oil and 171,000 cubic
feet of natural gas per day. In addition to the producing wells, the Jacobi-
Johnson Properties include working interests in two saltwater disposal wells.
As of December 31, 1997, the Jacobi-Johnson Properties are estimated to contain
proved reserves of 234,985 Bbls of oil and 597,880 Mcf of natural gas.
Approximately 100% of the estimated proved reserves of the Jacobi-Johnson
Properties are classified as developed.
The aggregate purchase price paid for the stock of Jacobi-Johnson was
$1,476,451, subject to post-closing adjustments (the "Jacobi-Johnson
Acquisition"). No post-closing adjustments were made. Jacobi-Johnson have
agreed to indemnify EXCO for amounts arising from any breach by the sellers,
including environmental damages, to the extent such amount exceeds $20,000.
EXCO has agreed to indemnify the sellers for amounts arising from any breach by
EXCO, to the extent such amount exceeds $20,000. The acquisition was effective
January 1, 1998. The amount of consideration was determined through arm's length
negotiations taking into account estimates of recoverable reserves, current oil
and natural gas prices, the fair market value of other property and equipment,
the amount of cash and cash equivalents on hand, the collectibility and
estimated payment timing of accounts receivable and the amount of current and
long-term liabilities. The consideration consisted of $703,035 cash and 85,436
shares of EXCO Common Stock. EXCO also assumed approximately $260,800 of
Jacobi-Johnson indebtedness. Simultaneously with the closing, EXCO paid in full
approximately $245,000 of Jacobi-Johnson's outstanding indebtedness owed to
Southside Bank. EXCO obtained the cash for the purchase price and payoff of the
Southside Bank loans under the Credit Facility Agreement. The Jacobi-Johnson
Properties have been mortgaged under the Credit Facility Agreement.
GLADSTONE MERGER
On May 1, 1998, EXCO entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the
"Merger Agreement") with Gladstone Resources, Inc. ("Gladstone"). Gladstone is
a Dallas, Texas based oil and natural gas production company with properties
located in Kent, Stonewall, Schleicher, Pecos and Madison Counties, Texas, and
San Juan County, New Mexico.
Under terms of the Merger Agreement, Gladstone stockholders will receive
approximately $1.4 million, or $.33 per share, in cash. EXCO intends to fund
this transaction with the net proceeds of the Rights Offering. The transaction
is subject to customary conditions of closing including review by the Commission
of Gladstone's proxy materials, approval by Gladstone's board of directors and
stockholders, approval by EXCO's Board of Directors and due diligence inspection
by EXCO. Since the date of the Merger Agreement, there has been a material
decrease in the financial and oil and gas assets of Gladstone. EXCO can offer
no assurance that the merger will be approved or that the transaction will be
completed under the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement.
In addition to the Merger Agreement, as of May 1, 1998, EXCO entered into a
stock option agreement with one Gladstone stockholder, E.B. Brooks, Jr. ("Mr.
Brooks"), granting EXCO an option to acquire 1,910,000 shares, or approximately
44.8%, of Gladstone's issued and outstanding common stock at a price of $.33 per
share. Mr. Brooks is Chairman and President of Gladstone. As of May 1, 1998,
EXCO also entered into a stockholder agreement whereby three Gladstone
stockholders, Deborah Brooks Garrett, Rebecca B. Feldt and Carol Brady, have
11
<PAGE>
agreed to vote their shares in favor of the merger with EXCO. These stockholders
own 351,000 shares each or approximately 8.3% each of Gladstone's outstanding
common stock.
DAWSON COUNTY ACQUISITION
On June 30, 1998, EXCO completed the acquisition of certain oil and natural
gas properties (the "Dawson County Properties") from J.M. Hill, J.M. Hill,
Trustee, Walter O. Hill, Steven J. Devos, Humphrey Oil Interests, L.P. and
various working interest owners (the "Dawson County Acquisition"). The Dawson
County Properties include 11 gross (5.3 net) producing wells with current net
production of 138.4 Bbls of oil and 59 Mcf of natural gas per day and 4 gross
(1.5 net) saltwater disposal and non-producing wells which may require
recompletions, workovers or abandonment. The Dawson County Properties include
645 gross (327 net) developed acres and 627 gross (279 net) undeveloped acres.
The purchase price was approximately $3.5 million cash paid for using funds
available under EXCO's Credit Facility Agreement.
CREDIT FACILITY
On September 21, 1998, EXCO entered into an amendment to EXCO's Credit
Facility Agreement dated February 11, 1998 ( the "Credit Facility Amendment").
The Credit Facility Amendment increases available borrowings from $50 million to
$150 million, subject to borrowing base limitations. The Credit Facility
Agreement consists of a regular revolver which at September 21, 1998, had a
borrowing base of $5.5 million. As of September 21, 1998, $1,000 of debt exists
under the Credit Facility Agreement. A portion of the borrowing base is
available for the issuance of letters of credit. All borrowings under the
Credit Facility Agreement are secured by a first lien deed of trust providing a
security interest in tangible and intangible assets representing at least 90% of
the estimated present value of EXCO's oil and natural gas properties.
ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
On March 31, 1998 EXCO held its Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the
"Meeting"). Several Board proposals, including two amendments to the Restated
Articles of Incorporation, were approved by the shareholders at the Meeting.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
At the Meeting, the shareholders considered and approved the Board of
Directors' proposal to amend the Restated Articles of Incorporation to allow the
Board of Directors to fix the number of directors by resolution. At the
Meeting, the shareholders elected Messrs. Miller, Eubank, Ramsey, Pickens,
Smith, Ellis and Muckleroy as directors. On August 18, 1998, by resolution, the
Board of Directors was expanded from seven to nine members and Messrs. Jeff M.
Moore and Jeffrey D. Benjamin were elected to fill the new positions.
REVERSE STOCK SPLIT
At the Meeting, the shareholders considered and approved an amendment to
the Restated Articles of Incorporation to effect a one-for-two reverse stock
split, to maintain the number of authorized shares of Common Stock at 25,000,000
and to double the par value of the Common Stock from $0.01 to $0.02 per share
(the "Reverse Stock Split"). EXCO effected the Reverse Stock Split effective
March 31, 1998.
1998 STOCK OPTION PLAN
At the Meeting, the shareholders approved the EXCO Resources, Inc. 1998
Stock Option Plan (the "1998 Stock Option Plan") effective as of March 13, 1998.
Under the 1998 Stock Option Plan, any EXCO employee (including an employee
who is also a director or an officer), consultants or directors may receive
incentive compensation based on criteria established by the Board of Directors.
Options to purchase up to 1,500,000 shares (as adjusted for the Reverse Stock
Split) may be granted under the 1998 Stock Option Plan. Of the 1,500,000 shares
authorized, 500,000 shares are reserved for issuance subject to shareholder
approval.
12
<PAGE>
RIGHTS OFFERING
On July 16, 1998, EXCO distributed to the holders of the its Common Stock
transferable rights to subscribe for and purchase an aggregate of 5,943,360
shares of EXCO's Common Stock, for a price of $6.00 per share. Each holder of
Common Stock of record as of July 16, 1998 was entitled to receive ten Rights
for each share of Common Stock held as of such date. One Right entitled the
holder to purchase one share of Common Stock. Each Right also carried the right
to subscribe at the Subscription Price for shares of Common Stock that were not
otherwise purchased pursuant to the exercise of Rights. The Rights expired at
5:00 p.m., Dallas time, on August 12, 1998. The Standby Purchasers each provided
the Standby Purchase Agreements to purchase from EXCO shares of Common Stock not
purchased pursuant to the exercise of the Rights, also at a price of $6.00 per
share. Ares purchased from EXCO 1,112,491 shares of Common Stock not purchased
pursuant to the exercise of the Rights. Ares currently owns approximately 17%
of EXCO's voting securities. Oaktree purchased from EXCO 1,000,000 shares of
Common Stock not purchased pursuant to the exercise of the Rights. Oaktree
currently owns approximately 15% of EXCO's voting securities. The Rights
Offering, together with the Standby Purchase Agreements, resulted in the sale of
5,943,360 shares of Common Stock.
Prior to the Rights Offering, control of EXCO effectively rested in the
hands of three directors, Mr. Miller, who owned 34.8% of EXCO's voting
securities prior to the Rights Offering, Mr. Eubank, who owned 8.4% of EXCO's
voting securities prior to the Rights Offering, and Mr. Ellis, who owned 8.4% of
EXCO's voting securities prior to the Rights Offering. The Rights Offering
resulted in an effective change of control of EXCO as the share ownership of
EXCO's management was diluted. Mr. Miller currently owns approximately 7.2% of
EXCO's voting securities (including shares purchased pursuant to the Rights
Offering and shares issued upon the exercise of options granted under the 1998
Stock Option Plan). Mr. Eubank currently owns approximately 1.4% of EXCO's
voting securities (including shares purchased pursuant to the Rights Offering
and shares issued upon the exercise of options granted under the 1998 Stock
Option Plan). Mr. Ellis currently owns approximately 1.7% of EXCO's voting
securities (including shares purchased pursuant to the Rights Offering and
shares issued upon the exercise of options granted under the 1998 Stock Option
Plan).
JOINT VENTURE AGREEMENT
On September 21, 1998, EXCO announced an agreement in principal with an
institutional investor to form a $50 million joint venture to acquire oil and
natural gas related assets and securities of oil and natural gas companies.
1998 DIRECTOR COMPENSATION PLAN
On September 15, 1998, the Board of Directors approved the EXCO 1998
Director Compensation Plan (the "Compensation Plan") and authorized for
issuance 100,000 shares reserved under the Compensation Plan. The Compensation
Plan was adopted subject to shareholder approval. See "Description of Capital
Stock."
USE OF PROCEEDS
EXCO will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the Shares by
the Selling Shareholders.
13
<PAGE>
DILUTION
The net tangible book value of the Common Stock as of June 30, 1998, was
$991,000 or $1.67 per share. Net tangible book value per share represents total
tangible assets less total liabilities, divided by the number of shares of
Common Stock outstanding, on a fully diluted basis excluding stock options.
After giving effect to the consummation of the Rights Offering, the net tangible
book value of EXCO as of June 30, 1998, would have been approximately
$36,424,000, or $5.57 per share. This represents an immediate increase in net
tangible book value of $3.90 per share with respect to shares outstanding prior
to the Rights Offering and an immediate dilution of $0.43 per share with respect
to shares purchased upon the exercise of Rights, as illustrated in the following
table:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Subscription Price...................................................... $ 6.00
Net tangible book value per share at June 30, 1998...................... 1.67
-----------
Increase per share attributable to Rights Offering...................... 4.33
Pro forma net tangible book value per share after the consummation
of the Rights Offering and application of net proceeds therefrom....... 5.57
Dilution per share purchased upon the exercise of Rights................ .43 (1)
</TABLE>
- ----------------------
(1) Does not take into account shares acquired or held other than upon the
exercise of Rights.
14
<PAGE>
PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK AND DIVIDEND POLICY
TRADING PRICES
EXCO's Common Stock is currently traded on the Nasdaq NMS under the symbol
"EXCO." The following table sets forth the high and low trade and/or bid prices
by calendar quarter from January 1, 1995 through October 19, 1998. The Common
Stock was quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board until September 15, 1998. For the
period after September 15, 1998, the prices are based upon quotations
periodically published on the Nasdaq NMS. The price quotations below have been
adjusted to estimate the effect of the one-for-five reverse stock split of the
Common Stock in the case of quotations for periods prior to July 19, 1996, the
effective date of the stock split. Additionally, the price quotations below have
been adjusted to estimate the effect of the Reverse Stock Split of the Common
Stock in the case of quotations for periods prior to March 31, 1998, the
effective date of the Reverse Stock Split. All price quotations present prices
between dealers, without retail mark-ups, mark-downs or commissions and may not
represent actual transactions.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
COMMON STOCK
----------------
HIGH LOW
----------------
<S> <C> <C>
1998
Fourth Quarter (through October 19, 1998)........... $7.50 $7.12
Third Quarter....................................... 7.75 6.00
Second Quarter...................................... 7.50 6.50
First Quarter....................................... 7.00 6.00
1997
Fourth Quarter...................................... $6.25 $5.50
Third Quarter....................................... 5.75 5.50
Second Quarter...................................... 5.75 5.50
First Quarter....................................... 7.00 5.50
1996
Fourth Quarter...................................... $5.50 $5.50
Third Quarter....................................... 5.50 4.00
Second Quarter...................................... 5.00 3.12
First Quarter....................................... 5.00 3.12
1995
Fourth Quarter...................................... $5.00 $3.12
Third Quarter....................................... 5.00 2.50
Second Quarter...................................... 6.25 2.50
First Quarter....................................... 6.25 3.75
</TABLE>
On September 29, 1998, there were 6,687,696 shares of Common Stock
outstanding. At such date, there were approximately 1,635 record holders of
Common Stock.
DIVIDEND POLICY
EXCO has never paid cash dividends on its Common Stock and does not
anticipate paying cash dividends on its Common Stock in the foreseeable future.
EXCO anticipates that any income generated in the foreseeable future will be
retained for the development and expansion of its business. The Credit Facility
Agreement prohibits EXCO from paying dividends on its Common Stock. Future
dividend policy is subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors and will
depend upon a number of factors, including future earnings, debt service,
capital requirements, restrictions in EXCO's Credit Facility Agreement, business
conditions, the financial condition of EXCO and other factors that the Board of
Directors deems relevant.
15
<PAGE>
SELLING SHAREHOLDERS
This Prospectus covers offers and sales of shares of Common Stock from time
to time that were issued to the Selling Shareholders under the terms of the
Standby Purchase Agreements. See "Recent Developments -- Rights Offering."
The names of the Selling Shareholders and the position, office or other
material relationship which each has had with EXCO in the past three years are
as follows:
NAME POSITION
------------------------------------- -------------------------
Ares Leveraged Investment Fund, L.P. Standby Purchaser
OCM Principal Opportunities Fund, L.P. Standby Purchaser
The following table (i) lists the name of each Selling Shareholder, (ii)
the number of shares of Common Stock owned by each Selling Shareholder before
this Offering, and (iii) the percentage of outstanding Common Stock owned by
such Selling Shareholder after the Offering. The information below is as of the
date of this Prospectus and has been furnished by the respective Selling
Shareholders.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF SHARES PERCENTAGE OF SHARES
OWNED BEFORE OUTSTANDING SHARES THAT OWNED AFTER
NAME OF SELLING SHAREHOLDER THE OFFERING COMMON STOCK MAY BE OFFERED THE OFFERING/(1)/
- ---------------------------------------------- ---------------- ------------- -------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Ares Leveraged Investment Fund, L.P........... 1,112,491 17.0% 1,112,491 --
OCM Principal Opportunities Fund, L.P......... 1,000,000 15.3% 1,000,000 --
---------------- ------------- -------------- -----------------
TOTAL........................... 2,112,491 32.3% 2,112,491 --
================ ============= ============== =================
</TABLE>
- ----------------------
(1) Assumes that all shares of Common Stock owned by each Selling Shareholder
are sold.
16
<PAGE>
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
The shares of Common Stock purchased by the Selling Shareholders may be
offered and sold from time to time by the Selling Shareholders. The Selling
Shareholders will act independently of EXCO in making decisions with respect to
the timing, manner and size of each sale. Such sales may be made on the Nasdaq
NMS (or other market on which the Common Stock are listed or otherwise qualified
for trading), at market prices prevailing at the time of the sale, at prices
related to the then prevailing market price or in negotiated transactions,
including pursuant to an underwritten offering or pursuant to one or more of the
following methods: (i) purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by
such broker or dealer for its account pursuant to this Prospectus; (ii) ordinary
brokerage transactions and transactions in which a broker solicits purchasers;
and (iii) block trades in which a broker-dealer so engaged will attempt to sell
the Common Stock as agent but may take a position and resell a portion of the
block as principal to facilitate the transaction. In effecting sales, broker-
dealers engaged by the Selling Shareholders may arrange for other broker-dealers
to participate. Broker-dealers may receive commissions or discounts from the
Selling Shareholders in amounts to be negotiated immediately prior to the sale.
Those Selling Shareholders who may be deemed "underwriters" within the meaning
of the Securities Act (including certain affiliates of EXCO) will have to
deliver a Prospectus to any purchaser in connection with the resale of any
shares.
In connection with the sale of shares of Common Stock covered hereby,
underwriters or agents may receive compensation from the Selling Shareholders or
from purchasers of the Common Stock covered hereby for whom they may act as
agents, in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions. Underwriters may
sell shares of Common Stock to or through dealers and such dealers may receive
compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the
underwriters and/or commissions from the purchasers for whom they act as agents.
Underwriters, dealers and agents that participate in the distribution of shares
of Common Stock covered hereby may be deemed to be underwriters, and any
discounts or commissions received by them from the Selling Shareholders and any
profit on the resale of shares of Common Stock by them may be deemed to be
underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. EXCO and any
Selling Shareholder cannot presently estimate the amount of such compensation.
EXCO knows of no other existing arrangements between any Selling
Shareholder and any other shareholder, broker, dealer, underwriter or agent
relating to the sale or distribution of the Common Stock.
To the extent required, EXCO will file, during any period in which offers
or sales are being made, a supplement to this Prospectus which sets forth, with
respect to a particular offering, the specific number of shares of Common Stock
to be sold, the name of the holder, the sales price, the name of any
participating broker, dealer, underwriter or agent, any applicable commission or
discount and any other material information with respect to the plan of
distribution not previously disclosed.
In order to comply with certain states' securities laws, if applicable, the
shares of Common Stock will be sold in such jurisdictions only through
registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in certain states
shares of Common Stock may not be sold unless the shares have been registered or
qualified for sale in such state or an exemption from registration or
qualification is available and is satisfied.
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
EXCO's authorized capital stock consists of (i) 25,000,000 shares of Common
Stock and (ii) 10,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock. Upon consummation of the
Rights Offering at August 12, 1998, 6,537,696 shares of Common Stock and no
shares of Preferred Stock were outstanding (before adjustments for fractional
shares). The following summary of EXCO's capital stock does not purport to be
complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, the Articles of
Incorporation. On March 31, 1998, EXCO consummated a Reverse Stock Split. See
"Recent Developments."
COMMON STOCK
EXCO is authorized to issue 25,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value
$.02 per share. As of September 29, 1998, there were 6,687,696 shares of Common
Stock issued and outstanding held by approximately 1,635 shareholders of record.
All shares of Common Stock have equal voting rights on the basis of one vote per
17
<PAGE>
share on matters to be voted on by the shareholders. Cumulative voting for the
election of directors is not permitted. The vote or concurrence of two-thirds of
the outstanding voting shares of Common Stock is required for any amendments to
the Articles of Incorporation, or for the approval of any merger or
consolidation, any distributions in partial liquidation of EXCO, any sale,
lease, exchange or other disposition not in the ordinary course of business of
all, or substantially all, of the property or assets of EXCO or the dissolution
of EXCO.
Shareholders of Common Stock are entitled to receive dividends if, when and
as declared by the Board of Directors out of funds legally available therefor.
Shares of Common Stock have no preemptive, conversion, sinking fund, redemption
or similar provisions. In the event of liquidation of EXCO, shareholders of
Common Stock are entitled to share on a pro rata basis in the distribution of
EXCO's assets, if any, after the payment of liabilities and the liquidation
preference, if any, on any preferred stock then outstanding. All outstanding
shares of Common Stock are, and the shares of Common Stock being issued and sold
by EXCO in the offering made hereby, will be, when issued and paid for, fully
paid and nonassessable.
A total of 1,500,000 shares of Common Stock have been reserved for issuance
under EXCO's 1998 Stock Option Plan of which, as of September 29, 1998, 427,500
shares remain available for grants of stock options.
A total of 100,000 shares of Common Stock have been reserved for issuance
under EXCO's Director Compensation Plan, of which, as of September 29, 1998,
100,000 shares remain available for issuance.
PREFERRED STOCK
EXCO is authorized to issue 10,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock. The
Preferred Stock may be issued in series, and shares of each series shall have
such rights and preferences as shall be fixed by the Board of Directors in the
resolution or resolutions authorizing the issuance of that particular series. In
designating any series of Preferred Stock the Board of Directors has authority,
without further action by the holders of Common Stock, to fix the number of
shares constituting that series and to fix the dividends rights, dividend rate,
conversion rights, rights and terms of redemption (including any sinking fund
provisions), and the liquidation preferences of that series of Preferred Stock.
The issuance of Preferred Stock could adversely affect the voting power of
holders of Common Stock and the likelihood that such holders will receive
dividend payments and payments upon liquidation and could have the effect of
delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of EXCO. EXCO has no
present plans to issue any shares of Preferred Stock.
TEXAS LAW AND CERTAIN CORPORATE PROVISIONS
EXCO is subject to the provisions of Article 13 of the Texas Business
Corporation Act. In general, this statute prohibits a publicly-held Texas
corporation from engaging, under certain circumstances, in a "business
combination" with an "affiliated shareholder" for a period of three years after
the date of the transaction in which the person becomes an affiliated
shareholder, unless either (i) prior to the date at which the shareholder became
an affiliated shareholder the Board of Directors approved either the business
combination or the transaction in which the person becomes an affiliated
shareholder, or (ii) the business combination is approved by the Board of
Directors and by two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation
(excluding shares held by the affiliated shareholder) at a meeting of the
shareholders (and not by written consent) held not earlier than six months after
the date on which the person became an "affiliated shareholder" of the business
combination. An "affiliated shareholder" is a person who, together with or
through affiliates and associates, beneficially owns or within the preceding
three-year period was the beneficial owner of 20% or more of the corporation's
outstanding voting stock. Article 13 defines a "business combination" to
include any merger, share exchange, conversion and asset based transactions and
other transactions resulting in a financial benefit to the affiliated
shareholder or an associate or affiliate of the affiliated shareholder.
LIMITATIONS ON LIABILITY
As authorized by Article 1301-7.06 of the Texas Miscellaneous Corporation
Laws Act (the "TMCLA"), the Articles of Incorporation provide that to the
fullest extent, now or hereafter permitted by Texas law, EXCO's directors will
have no personal liability to EXCO or its shareholders for monetary damages for
breach or alleged breach of the directors' duty of care. This provision in the
Articles of Incorporation will not eliminate directors' liability resulting from
suits by third parties, and does not affect EXCO or its shareholders' ability to
obtain equitable
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remedies such as an injunction or a rescission of an agreement or transaction
deemed improper. Furthermore, each director will continue to be subject to
liability for (i) a breach of a director's duty of loyalty to EXCO or its
shareholders, (ii) an act or omission not in good faith or that involves
intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of the law, (iii) a transaction
from which a director received an improper benefit, whether or not the benefit
resulted from an action taken within the scope of the director's office, (iv) an
act or omission for which the liability of a director is expressly provided for
by statute, or (v) an act related to an unlawful share repurchase or payment of
a dividend.
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters in connection with the securities offered hereby will
be passed upon for EXCO by Haynes and Boone, LLP, Dallas, Texas.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of EXCO as of and for the year ended
December 31, 1997 appearing in EXCO's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 1997, have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent
auditors, as set forth in their report thereon included therein and incorporated
herein by reference. Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated
herein by reference in reliance upon such report given upon the authority of
such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
The consolidated financial statements of EXCO as of and for the nine months
ended December 31, 1995 and as of and for the year ended December 31, 1996
appearing in EXCO's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
1997, have been audited by Belew Averitt, LLP, independent auditors, as set
forth in their report thereon included therein and incorporated herein by
reference. Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated herein by
reference in reliance upon such report given upon the authority of such firm as
experts in accounting and auditing.
The statements of revenues and direct operating expenses in respect of oil
and natural gas properties (the Maverick County Properties) acquired from
various sellers in February, 1998 for the years ended December 31,1996 and 1997
appearing in EXCO's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
1997, have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors, as set forth
in their report thereon included therein and incorporated herein by reference.
Such statements of revenues and direct operating expenses in respect of oil and
natural gas properties are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon
such report given upon the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and
auditing.
The financial statements of Jacobi-Johnson as of and for the years ended
December 31, 1996 and 1997 incorporated in this Prospectus by reference from
EXCO's Form 8-K, as amended, filed with the Commission on May 8, 1998 and
included in the Registration Statement (Pre-effective Amendment No.2 to Form S-
2) and related Prospectus of EXCO, for the registration of 5,943,360 shares of
its common stock, have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors,
as set forth in their report thereon included therein and incorporated herein by
reference. Such financial statements are incorporated herein by reference in
reliance upon such report given upon the authority of such firm as experts in
accounting and auditing.
The balance sheets of Gladstone as of December 31, 1996 and 1997, and the
related statements of operations, stockholders' equity and cash flows for the
three years then ended incorporated in this Prospectus by reference from
Gladstone's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated May 1, 1998, have been audited by
Harold Ratcliff, Certified Public Accountant and independent auditor, as stated
in his report incorporated by reference herein and are included in reliance upon
such report given the authority of such individual as an expert in accounting
and auditing.
The statements of revenues and direct operating expenses in respect of oil
and natural gas properties (the Dawson County Properties). for the years ended
December 31, 1996 and 1997 incorporated in this Prospectus by reference from
EXCO's Form 8-K, as amended, filed with the Commission on June 30, 1998 and
included in the Registration Statement (Pre-effective Amendment No.2 to Form
S-2) and related Prospectus of EXCO, for the registration of 5,943,360 shares of
its common stock, have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent
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auditors, as set forth in their report thereon included therein and incorporated
herein by reference. Such statements of revenues and direct operating expenses
in respect of oil and natural gas properties are incorporated herein by
reference in reliance upon such report given upon the authority of such firm as
experts in accounting and auditing.
The reserve estimates presented as of December 31, 1997 with respect to the
Jacobi-Johnson Properties, the reserve estimates presented as of December 31,
1995, 1996 and 1997 with respect to EXCO's historical properties and the reserve
estimates presented as of December 31, 1997 with respect to the Maverick County
Properties and the Dawson County Properties have been prepared by Lee Keeling
and Associates, Inc., independent petroleum engineers, Tulsa, Oklahoma.
Previous reserve estimates as of March 31, 1995 reported herein with respect to
EXCO's historical properties were prepared by Milmac Operating Company,
independent petroleum engineers, Lubbock, Texas.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
EXCO has filed with the Commission a Registration Statement on Form S-3
(the "Registration Statement") under the Securities Act with respect to the
securities offered by this Prospectus. This Prospectus constitutes a part of the
Registration Statement and does not contain all of the information set forth in
the Registration Statement, certain parts of which are omitted from this
Prospectus as permitted by the rules and regulations of the Commission.
Statements made in this Prospectus regarding the contents of any contract,
agreement or other document are not necessarily complete. With respect to each
contract, agreement or other document filed with the Commission as an exhibit to
the Registration Statement, reference is made to the exhibit for further
information regarding the contents thereof, and each such statement is qualified
in its entirety by such reference. For further information regarding EXCO and
the securities offered hereby, reference is made to the Registration Statement,
including the exhibits and schedules thereto.
EXCO is subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act, and
in accordance therewith files reports, proxy statements and other information
with the Commission. Such reports, proxy statements and other information filed
with the Commission, as well as the Registration Statement, including the
exhibits and schedules thereto, are available for inspection at, and copies of
such materials may be obtained at prescribed rates from, the public reference
facilities maintained by the Commission at its principal offices located at
Judiciary Plaza, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549 and at its
regional offices located at Citicorp Center, 500 West Madison Street, Suite
1400, Chicago, Illinois 60661 and Seven World Trade Center, 13th Floor, New
York, New York 10048. The public may obtain information on the operation of the
public reference room by calling the Commission at 1-(800) 732-0330. The
Commission maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information
statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with
the Commission (http://www.sec.gov).
The Common Stock is listed on the Nasdaq NMS, and such reports, proxy
statements and other information can also be inspected and copied at the offices
of the Nasdaq NMS, 1735 K Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006.
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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
Incorporated by reference in this Prospectus, and subject in each case to
information contained in this Prospectus, are the following documents filed by
EXCO with the Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act: (i) EXCO's Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997; (ii) EXCO's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1998; (iii) EXCO's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1998; (iv) EXCO's Current
Report on Form 8-K dated January 14, 1998; (v) EXCO's Current Report on Form 8-K
dated February 25, 1998, as amended by Form 8-K/A Amendment No. 1 filed April 8,
1998; (vi) EXCO's Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 1, 1998; (vii) EXCO's
Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 8, 1998; (viii) EXCO's Current Report on
Form 8-K dated June 30, 1998; (ix) EXCO's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
August 13, 1998; (x) EXCO's Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 21, 1998;
(xi) EXCO's Proxy Statement dated March 17, 1998; and (xii) the description of
the Common Stock contained in EXCO's Registration Statement on Form 10 filed on
April 21, 1980.
Incorporated by reference in this Prospectus, and subject in each case to
information contained in this Prospectus, are the following documents filed by
Gladstone with the Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act: (i) Gladstone's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997; (ii)
Gladstone's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1998
as amended by Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A Amendment No. 1 dated July 1,
1998; and (iii) Gladstone's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
June 30, 1998.
Each document filed by EXCO pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d)
of the Exchange Act subsequent to the date of this Prospectus and prior to the
termination of the offering of shares of Common Stock made hereby shall be
deemed to be incorporated by reference in this Prospectus and to be a part of
this Prospectus from the date of filing of such document. Any statement
contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference
herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this
Prospectus to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any other
subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by
reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any such statements as
modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded,
to constitute a part of this Prospectus.
EXCO will provide without charge to each person, including any beneficial
owner, to whom this Prospectus is delivered, upon the written or oral request of
such person, a copy of any and all of the documents incorporated by reference
herein (other than exhibits to such documents unless such exhibits are
specifically incorporated by reference in such documents). Such request should
be directed to Attention: Richard E. Miller, General Counsel and Secretary, 5735
Pineland Drive, Suite 235, Dallas, Texas 75231, telephone: (214) 368-2084.
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GLOSSARY OF SELECTED OIL AND NATURAL GAS TERMS
The following are abbreviations and definitions of certain terms commonly
used in the oil and natural gas industry and this Prospectus.
"BBL." One stock tank barrel, or 42 U.S. gallons liquid volume, used herein
in reference to crude oil or other liquid hydrocarbons.
"BOE." Barrel of oil equivalent (converting six Mcf of natural gas to one
Bbl of oil).
"DEVELOPED ACREAGE." Acreage spaced or assignable to productive wells.
"DEVELOPMENT WELL." A well drilled within the proven boundaries of an oil
or natural gas reservoir with the intention of completing the stratigraphic
horizon known to be productive.
"GROSS ACRE." An acre in which a working interest is owned.
"GROSS WELL(S)." A gross well is a well in which a working interest is
owned. The number of gross wells is the total number of wells in which working
interests are owned.
"INFILL DRILLING." Drilling of a well between known producing wells to
better exploit the reservoir.
"MCF." One thousand cubic feet of natural gas.
"NET ACRE(S)." A net acre is deemed to exist when the sum of fractional
ownership working interests in gross acres equals one. The total of net acres
is the sum of the fractional working interests owned in gross acres expressed as
whole numbers and percentages thereof.
"NET WELL(S)." A net well is deemed to exist when the sum of the fractional
ownership working interests in gross wells equals one. The number of net wells
is the sum of the fractional working interests owned in gross wells expressed as
whole numbers and percentages thereof.
"PRODUCING WELL," "PRODUCTION WELL" or "PRODUCTIVE WELL." A well that is
producing oil or natural gas or that is capable of production.
"PROVED DEVELOPED RESERVES." Proved developed reserves are oil and gas
reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with
existing equipment and operating methods. Additional oil and gas expected to be
obtained through the application of fluid injection or other improved recovery
techniques for supplementing the natural forces and mechanisms of primary
recovery should be included as "proved developed reserves" only after testing by
a pilot project or after the operation of an installed program has confirmed
through production response that increased recovery will be achieved.
"PROVED RESERVES." The estimated quantities of crude oil, natural gas and
NGLs which geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty
to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic
and operating conditions.
"PROVED UNDEVELOPED RESERVES." Proved undeveloped reserves are oil and
natural gas reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on
undrilled acreage, or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure
is required for recompletion. Reserves on undrilled acreage shall be limited to
those drilling units offsetting productive units that are reasonably certain of
production when drilled. Proved reserves for other undrilled units can be
claimed only where it can be demonstrated with certainty that there is
continuity of production from the existing productive formation. Under no
circumstances should estimates for proved undeveloped reserves be attributable
to any acreage for which an application of fluid injection or other improved
recovery techniques is contemplated, unless such techniques have been proved
effective by actual tests in the area and in the same reservoir.
"SEC PV-10." The discounted future net cash flows for proved oil and
natural gas reserves computed on the same basis as the Standardized Measure, but
without deducting income taxes, which is not in accordance with
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generally accepted accounting principles. SEC PV-10 is an important financial
measure for evaluating the relative significance of oil and natural gas
properties and acquisitions, but should not be construed as an alterative to the
Standardized Measure (as determined in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles).
"UNDEVELOPED ACREAGE." As defined by the Commission, undeveloped acreage is
considered to be lease acreage on which wells have not been drilled or completed
to a point that would permit the production of commercial quantities of oil and
natural gas regardless of whether such acreage contains proved reserves.
"WORKING INTEREST." The operating interest that gives the owner the right
to drill, produce and conduct operating activities on the property and to a
share of production, subject to all royalties, overriding royalties and other
burdens and to all costs of exploitation, development and operations and all
risks in connection herewith.
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