<PAGE> 1
AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON JULY 21, 1998
REGISTRATION NO. 333-
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
------------------------
FORM S-4
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
------------------------
TELLABS, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DELAWARE 3661 36-3831568
<S> <C> <C>
State or other jurisdiction of (Primary Standard Industrial (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Classification Code Number) Identification No.)
</TABLE>
4951 INDIANA AVENUE
LISLE, ILLINOIS 60532-1698
(630) 378-8800
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number,
including area code, of Registrant's principal executive offices)
------------------------
MARGARET MAXWELL ZAGEL
VICE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL
TELLABS OPERATIONS, INC.
4951 INDIANA AVENUE
LISLE, ILLINOIS 60532-1698
(630) 378-8800
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number,
including area code, of agent for service)
------------------------
COPIES TO:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
IMAD I. QASIM MICHAEL J. SILVER
SIDLEY & AUSTIN HOGAN & HARTSON L.L.P.
ONE FIRST NATIONAL PLAZA 111 S. CALVERT STREET
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60603 BALTIMORE, MARYLAND 21202
</TABLE>
------------------------
APPROXIMATE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF PROPOSED SALE TO THE PUBLIC: As soon as
practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement which
relates to the merger (the "Merger") of White Oak Merger Corp., a wholly owned
subsidiary of Tellabs, Inc., with and into CIENA Corporation pursuant to the
Merger Agreement described herein.
If the securities being registered on this form are being offered in
connection with the formation of a holding company and there is compliance with
General Instruction G, check the following box. [ ]
If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering
pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and
list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective
registration statement for the same offering. [ ]
- ------------------------------------------
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d)
under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering. [ ]
------------------------
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROPOSED MAXIMUM
TITLE OF EACH CLASS AMOUNT TO OFFERING PRICE PER PROPOSED MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF
OF SECURITIES TO BE REGISTERED BE REGISTERED SHARE AGGREGATE OFFERING PRICE REGISTRATION FEE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Common Stock, $.01 par value....... 110,868,446 shares(1) Not Applicable $8,245,840,671.25(2) $2,432,523(3)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
(1) Based on the maximum number of shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value per
share, of Tellabs, Inc. to be delivered pursuant to Section 1.5 of the
Merger Agreement (as defined herein), assuming the exercise of all currently
outstanding options to purchase shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value per
share, of CIENA Corporation ("CIENA Common Stock").
(2) Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee
required by Section 6(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Securities Act"), and computed pursuant to Rule 457(f) under the Securities
Act by multiplying the average of the high and low bid prices of shares of
CIENA Common Stock on July 14, 1998, as reported on Nasdaq, by 110,868,466,
the number of shares of CIENA Common Stock outstanding at the close of
business on July 20, 1998, assuming the exercise of all then outstanding
options to purchase shares of CIENA Common Stock.
(3) Pursuant to Rule 457(b) of the Securities Act, $1,552,852 of the
registration fee was paid on July 2, 1998 in connection with the filing of
preliminary joint proxy/prospectus materials.
------------------------
THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR
DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL
FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION
STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(A) OF
THE SECURITIES ACT OR UNTIL THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME EFFECTIVE
ON SUCH DATE AS THE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID SECTION 8(A), MAY
DETERMINE.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE> 2
TELLABS LOGO
July 21, 1998
Dear Stockholder:
You are cordially invited to attend the Special Meeting of Stockholders of
Tellabs, Inc. ("Tellabs") to be held on Friday, August 21, 1998 at Tellabs'
offices located at 4951 Indiana Avenue, Lisle, Illinois 60532-1698, at 10:00
A.M., local time (the "Tellabs Special Meeting").
At the Tellabs Special Meeting you will be asked to consider a proposal to
approve the issuance (the "Share Issuance") of Common Stock, par value $.01 per
share, of Tellabs ("Tellabs Common Stock") to stockholders of CIENA Corporation
("CIENA") pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of June 2, 1998
(the "Merger Agreement") among Tellabs, White Oak Merger Corp., a wholly owned
subsidiary of Tellabs ("Sub"), and CIENA. The Merger Agreement provides for the
merger (the "Merger") of Sub with and into CIENA with CIENA becoming a wholly
owned subsidiary of Tellabs.
Subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, each share of
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, of CIENA outstanding immediately prior
to the effective time of the Merger, together with any associated preferred
stock purchase rights, will be converted into one (the "Exchange Ratio") share
of Tellabs Common Stock.
YOUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS BELIEVES THAT THE MERGER AND THE SHARE ISSUANCE ARE
FAIR TO AND IN THE BEST INTEREST OF TELLABS AND ITS STOCKHOLDERS. YOUR BOARD HAS
UNANIMOUSLY APPROVED THE MERGER AGREEMENT AND THE SHARE ISSUANCE AND RECOMMENDS
THAT YOU VOTE FOR THE APPROVAL OF THE SHARE ISSUANCE. YOUR BOARD HAS RECEIVED
THE WRITTEN OPINION OF GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. THAT THE EXCHANGE RATIO IS FAIR TO
TELLABS FROM A FINANCIAL POINT OF VIEW. YOU ARE ENCOURAGED TO READ THE
ACCOMPANYING JOINT PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS, WHICH PROVIDES DETAILED
INFORMATION CONCERNING THE MERGER AND THE SHARE ISSUANCE AND ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION REGARDING TELLABS AND CIENA.
Your vote is important, regardless of the number of shares you own. In
order for the Share Issuance to be approved, the affirmative vote of the holders
of a majority of the shares present in person or by proxy at the Tellabs Special
Meeting and entitled to vote on the Share Issuance is required. On behalf of
your Board of Directors, I urge you to complete, date and sign the accompanying
proxy and return it promptly in the enclosed postage-paid envelope. This will
not prevent you from attending the Tellabs Special Meeting or voting in person,
but will assure that your vote is counted if you are unable to attend the
Tellabs Special Meeting. You may revoke your proxy at any time by filing a
written notice of revocation with, or by delivering a duly executed proxy
bearing a later date to, the Secretary of Tellabs at Tellabs' principal
executive offices prior to the Tellabs Special Meeting or by attending the
Tellabs Special Meeting and voting in person.
On behalf of the Board of Directors, I thank you for your support and urge
you to vote FOR approval of the Share Issuance.
Sincerely,
/s/ Michael J. Birck
Michael J. Birck
President and Chief Executive Officer
<PAGE> 3
TELLABS, INC.
4951 INDIANA AVENUE
LISLE, ILLINOIS 60532-1698
NOTICE OF SPECIAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
TO BE HELD AUGUST 21, 1998
TO THE STOCKHOLDERS OF TELLABS, INC:
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that a Special Meeting of Stockholders of Tellabs,
Inc. ("Tellabs") will be held on Friday, August 21, 1998, at Tellabs' offices
located at 4951 Indiana Avenue, Lisle, Illinois 60532-1698, at 10:00 A.M., local
time (the "Tellabs Special Meeting"), for the following purposes:
1. To consider and vote upon a proposal to approve the issuance of
shares of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, of Tellabs ("Tellabs
Common Stock") pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of
June 2, 1998 among Tellabs, White Oak Merger Corp., a Delaware corporation
and a wholly owned subsidiary of Tellabs, and CIENA Corporation, a Delaware
corporation ("CIENA"), pursuant to which (a) each outstanding share of
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, of CIENA, together with any
associated preferred stock purchase rights, will be converted into one
share of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, of Tellabs and (b) CIENA
will become a wholly owned subsidiary of Tellabs, all as more fully
described in the accompanying Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus; and
2. To transact such other business as properly may come before the
Tellabs Special Meeting or any one or more adjournments or postponements
thereof.
Only stockholders of record at the close of business on July 20, 1998 are
entitled to notice of and to vote at the Tellabs Special Meeting and at any and
all adjournments or postponements thereof.
Your vote is important. Please complete the accompanying proxy and return
it promptly in the addressed envelope enclosed.
By Order of the Board of Directors,
/s/ Margaret Maxwell Zagel
-------------------------------------
Margaret Maxwell Zagel
Secretary
July 21, 1998
Lisle, Illinois
<PAGE> 4
CIENA LOGO
July 21, 1998
Dear Stockholder:
You are cordially invited to attend the Special Meeting of Stockholders of
CIENA Corporation ("CIENA") to be held on Friday, August 21, 1998 at the Harbor
Court Hotel located at 550 Light Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, at 11:00
A.M., local time (the "CIENA Special Meeting").
At the CIENA Special Meeting you will be asked to consider a proposal to
approve and adopt the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of June 2, 1998 (the
"Merger Agreement") among Tellabs, Inc. ("Tellabs"), White Oak Merger Corp., a
wholly owned subsidiary of Tellabs ("Sub"), and CIENA, pursuant to which Sub
will be merged with and into CIENA (the "Merger"), and CIENA will become a
wholly owned subsidiary of Tellabs.
Subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, each share of
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, of CIENA ("CIENA Common Stock")
outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the Merger, together with
any associated preferred stock purchase rights, will be converted into one (the
"Exchange Ratio") share of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, of Tellabs
("Tellabs Common Stock"). Cash will be paid in lieu of any fractional share of
Tellabs Common Stock.
YOUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS BELIEVES THAT THE MERGER IS FAIR TO AND IN THE BEST
INTEREST OF CIENA AND ITS STOCKHOLDERS. YOUR BOARD HAS UNANIMOUSLY APPROVED THE
MERGER AGREEMENT AND RECOMMENDS THAT YOU VOTE FOR ITS APPROVAL AND ADOPTION.
YOUR BOARD HAS RECEIVED THE WRITTEN OPINION OF MORGAN STANLEY & CO.
INCORPORATED, DATED JUNE 2, 1998, AS TO THE FAIRNESS OF THE EXCHANGE RATIO FROM
A FINANCIAL POINT OF VIEW TO THE HOLDERS OF CIENA COMMON STOCK. YOU ARE
ENCOURAGED TO READ THE ACCOMPANYING JOINT PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS, WHICH
PROVIDES DETAILED INFORMATION CONCERNING THE MERGER AND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
REGARDING TELLABS AND CIENA.
Your vote is important, regardless of the number of shares you own. In
order for the Merger Agreement to be approved and adopted, the affirmative vote
of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of CIENA Common Stock
entitled to vote thereon is required. Accordingly, on behalf of your Board of
Directors, I urge you to complete, date and sign the accompanying proxy and
return it promptly in the enclosed postage-paid envelope. This will not prevent
you from attending the CIENA Special Meeting or voting in person, but will
assure that your vote is counted if you are unable to attend the CIENA Special
Meeting. You may revoke your proxy at any time by filing a written notice of
revocation with, or by delivering a duly executed proxy bearing a later date to,
the Secretary of CIENA at CIENA's principal executive offices prior to the CIENA
Special Meeting or by attending the CIENA Special Meeting and voting in person.
On behalf of the Board of Directors, I thank you for your support and urge
you to vote FOR approval of the Merger Agreement.
Sincerely,
/s/ Patrick H. Nettles
Patrick H. Nettles
President and Chief Executive Officer
<PAGE> 5
CIENA CORPORATION
1201 WINTERSON ROAD
LINTHICUM, MARYLAND 21090
NOTICE OF SPECIAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
TO BE HELD AUGUST 21, 1998
TO THE STOCKHOLDERS OF CIENA CORPORATION:
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that a Special Meeting of Stockholders of CIENA
Corporation ("CIENA") will be held on Friday, August 21, 1998, at the Harbor
Court Hotel located at 550 Light Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, at 11:00
A.M., local time (the "CIENA Special Meeting"), for the following purposes:
1. To consider and vote upon a proposal to approve and adopt the
Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of June 2, 1998 (the "Merger
Agreement") among Tellabs, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Tellabs"), White
Oak Merger Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of
Tellabs ("Sub"), and CIENA, providing for the merger of Sub with and into
CIENA, pursuant to which (a) each outstanding share of Common Stock, par
value $.01 per share, of CIENA, together with any associated preferred
stock purchase rights, will be converted into one share of Tellabs Common
Stock, and (b) CIENA will become a wholly owned subsidiary of Tellabs, all
as more fully described in the accompanying Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus; and
2. To transact such other business as properly may come before the
CIENA Special Meeting or any one or more adjournments or postponements
thereof.
Only stockholders of record at the close of business on July 20, 1998 are
entitled to notice of and to vote at the CIENA Special Meeting and at any and
all adjournments or postponements thereof.
Your vote is important. Please complete the accompanying proxy and return
it promptly in the addressed envelope enclosed.
By Order of the Board of Directors,
/s/ G. Eric Georgatos
G. Eric Georgatos
Vice President, General Counsel and
Secretary
July 21, 1998
Linthicum, Maryland
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Regardless of whether you plan to attend the CIENA Special Meeting, please
sign, date and return the enclosed proxy card in the envelope provided. PLEASE
DO NOT SEND STOCK CERTIFICATES FOR YOUR SHARES AT THIS TIME.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE> 6
TELLABS, INC.
AND
CIENA CORPORATION
JOINT PROXY STATEMENT
TELLABS, INC.
PROSPECTUS
This Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus is being furnished to the holders of
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share ("Tellabs Common Stock"), of Tellabs,
Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Tellabs"), in connection with the solicitation of
proxies by the Board of Directors of Tellabs (the "Tellabs Board") for use at a
Special Meeting of Stockholders of Tellabs to be held on Friday, August 21, 1998
at Tellabs' offices located at 4951 Indiana Avenue, Lisle, Illinois 60532-1698,
at 10:00 A.M., local time, and at any and all adjournments or postponements
thereof (the "Tellabs Special Meeting").
This Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus is also being furnished to the
holders of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share ("CIENA Common Stock"), of
CIENA Corporation, a Delaware corporation ("CIENA"), in connection with the
solicitation of proxies by the Board of Directors of CIENA (the "CIENA Board")
for use at a Special Meeting of Stockholders of CIENA to be held on Friday,
August 21, 1998 at the Harbor Court Hotel located at 550 Light Street,
Baltimore, Maryland 21202, at 11:00 A.M., local time, and at any and all
adjournments or postponements thereof (the "CIENA Special Meeting" and, together
with the Tellabs Special Meeting, the "Special Meetings").
This Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus relates to the Agreement and Plan of
Merger dated as of June 2, 1998 (the "Merger Agreement") among Tellabs, White
Oak Merger Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of
Tellabs ("Sub"), and CIENA, which provides for the merger of Sub with and into
CIENA (the "Merger"), with CIENA surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of
Tellabs. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, each share
of CIENA Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (as
defined in the Merger Agreement) of the Merger (other than shares held by CIENA
as treasury stock or by its wholly owned subsidiaries or by Tellabs, which will
be canceled), together with any associated preferred stock purchase rights, will
be converted into one (the "Exchange Ratio") share of Tellabs Common Stock. Cash
will be paid in lieu of any fractional share of Tellabs Common Stock. All
options to purchase shares of CIENA Common Stock outstanding at the Effective
Time will be converted into options to purchase shares of Tellabs Common Stock
pursuant to the Merger Agreement.
The consummation of the Merger is subject, among other things, to: (i) the
approval of the issuance of Tellabs Common Stock pursuant to the Merger in
accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement (the "Share Issuance") by the
affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares present in person or
by proxy at the Tellabs Special Meeting and entitled to vote on the Share
Issuance; (ii) the approval and adoption of the Merger Agreement by the
affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of CIENA
Common Stock entitled to vote thereon; and (iii) the receipt of certain
regulatory approvals. A conformed copy of the Merger Agreement is attached
hereto as Annex A.
This Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus also constitutes the Prospectus of
Tellabs filed as part of a Registration Statement on Form S-4 (the "Registration
Statement") with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), relating to the
shares of Tellabs Common Stock to be delivered pursuant to the Merger Agreement.
Shares of Tellabs Common Stock are listed for trading under the symbol
"TLAB" on the Nasdaq Stock Market ("Nasdaq"). Shares of CIENA Common Stock are
listed for trading under the symbol "CIEN" on Nasdaq. On June 2, 1998, the last
trading day prior to the public announcement of the execution of the Merger
Agreement, the last sale price of Tellabs Common Stock, as reported by Nasdaq,
was $65 7/8 per share and the last sale price of CIENA Common Stock, as reported
by Nasdaq, was $57 9/16 per share. On July 20, 1998, the last trading day prior
to the date of this Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus, the last sale price of
Tellabs Common Stock, as reported by Nasdaq, was $89 per share and the last sale
price of CIENA Common Stock, as reported by Nasdaq, was $88 5/8 per share.
SEE "RISK FACTORS" BEGINNING ON PAGE 15 FOR A DISCUSSION OF CERTAIN FACTORS
THAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED BEFORE EXECUTING A PROXY SOLICITED HEREBY.
This Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus and the accompanying forms of proxy
are first being mailed to the stockholders of Tellabs and CIENA on or about July
22, 1998.
------------------------
THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION NOR HAS THE SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE
ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS JOINT PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS. ANY
REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
------------------------
The date of this Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus is July 21, 1998
<PAGE> 7
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
AVAILABLE INFORMATION................... 1
INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENTS BY
REFERENCE............................. 1
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS............ 2
SUMMARY................................. 3
The Companies......................... 3
Risk Factors.......................... 3
Tellabs Special Meeting............... 4
CIENA Special Meeting................. 4
The Merger and the Merger Agreement... 5
Interests of Certain Persons in the
Merger............................. 7
Stock Option Agreement................ 7
Stockholder Agreements................ 8
Comparison of the Rights of Holders of
Tellabs Common Stock and CIENA
Common Stock....................... 8
Selected Consolidated Financial Data
of Tellabs......................... 9
Selected Consolidated Financial Data
of CIENA........................... 10
Selected Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed
Combined Financial Data............ 11
Comparative Per Share Data of Tellabs
and CIENA.......................... 12
Market Prices......................... 13
Recent Developments................... 14
RISK FACTORS............................ 15
TELLABS SPECIAL MEETING................. 17
Purpose............................... 17
Record Date; Voting Rights............ 17
Quorum................................ 17
Proxies............................... 17
Solicitation of Proxies............... 18
Required Vote......................... 18
Share Ownership of Management......... 18
CIENA SPECIAL MEETING................... 18
Purpose............................... 18
Record Date; Voting Rights............ 19
Quorum................................ 19
Proxies............................... 19
Solicitation of Proxies............... 19
Required Vote......................... 20
Share Ownership of Management......... 20
THE MERGER.............................. 21
General............................... 21
Effective Time........................ 21
Background of the Merger.............. 21
Tellabs' Reasons for the Merger;
Recommendation of its Board of
Directors.......................... 24
Opinion of Tellabs' Financial
Advisor............................ 25
CIENA's Reasons for the Merger;
Recommendation of its Board of
Directors.......................... 28
Opinion of CIENA's Financial
Advisor............................ 32
Certain Federal Income Tax
Consequences....................... 36
Anticipated Accounting Treatment...... 37
Governmental and Regulatory
Approvals.......................... 37
Percentage Ownership Interest of CIENA
Stockholders after the Merger...... 38
Absence of Appraisal Rights........... 39
Resales of Tellabs Common Stock....... 39
THE MERGER AGREEMENT.................... 40
Terms of the Merger................... 40
Surrender and Payment................. 40
Fractional Shares..................... 41
Conditions to the Merger.............. 41
Representations and Warranties........ 43
Conduct of Business Pending the
Merger............................. 43
Actions by CIENA................... 43
Actions by Tellabs................. 44
CIENA Stock Options................... 45
Employee Benefit Plans and
Agreements......................... 45
No Solicitation....................... 45
Indemnification; Directors and
Officers Insurance................. 46
Directorships......................... 46
Termination........................... 47
Fees and Expenses..................... 48
Amendment............................. 50
Waiver................................ 50
INTERESTS OF CERTAIN PERSONS IN THE
MERGER................................ 50
THE STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT.............. 52
STOCKHOLDER AGREEMENTS.................. 54
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.................. 55
DESCRIPTION OF TELLABS COMMON STOCK..... 62
Capital Stock......................... 62
Dividend Rights....................... 62
Voting Rights......................... 62
Change of Control..................... 62
Charter and By-law Provisions...... 63
DGCL............................... 63
</TABLE>
i
<PAGE> 8
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Liquidation Rights.................... 64
Miscellaneous......................... 64
COMPARISON OF THE RIGHTS
OF HOLDERS OF TELLABS
COMMON STOCK AND CIENA
COMMON STOCK.......................... 65
General............................... 65
Dividends............................. 65
Voting Rights......................... 65
Directors............................. 65
Call of Special Meetings.............. 66
Action of Stockholders Without a
Meeting............................ 66
Stockholder Proposals................. 67
Amendment to Certificate of
Incorporation...................... 67
Amendment to By-laws.................. 67
Approval of Mergers and Asset Sales... 67
Indemnification of Directors and
Officers........................... 68
Anti-Takeover Provisions.............. 68
Rights Agreement...................... 68
Liquidation........................... 69
Miscellaneous......................... 70
BUSINESS OF TELLABS..................... 70
BUSINESS OF CIENA....................... 70
EXPERTS................................. 71
LEGAL OPINIONS.......................... 72
ANNEXES
ANNEX A AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF
MERGER
ANNEX B OPINION OF GOLDMAN,
SACHS & CO.
ANNEX C OPINION OF MORGAN
STANLEY & CO. INCORPORATED
ANNEX D STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT
</TABLE>
ii
<PAGE> 9
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
Tellabs and CIENA are subject to the informational requirements of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and in
accordance therewith file reports, proxy statements and other information with
the SEC. Such reports, proxy statements and other information may be inspected
and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC at Room
1024, Judiciary Plaza, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549 and at the
following Regional Offices of the SEC: Citicorp Center, 500 West Madison Street,
Suite 1400, Chicago, Illinois 60661; and 7 World Trade Center, Suite 1300, New
York, New York 10048. Copies may also be obtained by mail at prescribed rates
from the Public Reference Section of the SEC at its principal office at 450
Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. Information concerning the operation
of the SEC's Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling 1-800-SEC-0330. In
addition, the SEC maintains a web site (http://www.sec.gov) that contains
reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding
registrants, including Tellabs and CIENA, that file electronically with the SEC.
Copies of such materials relating to Tellabs and CIENA can also be inspected at
the offices of Nasdaq, 1735 K Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006.
This Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus does not contain all of the
information set forth in the Registration Statement, certain parts of which are
omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. Reference is
made to the Registration Statement and the Exhibits thereto for further
information. Statements contained or incorporated by reference herein concerning
the provisions of any agreement or other document filed as an Exhibit to the
Registration Statement or otherwise filed with the SEC are not necessarily
complete and reference is hereby made to the copy thereof so filed for more
detailed information, each such statement being qualified in its entirety by
such reference.
THIS JOINT PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS INCORPORATES DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
WHICH ARE NOT PRESENTED HEREIN OR DELIVERED HEREWITH. COPIES OF SUCH DOCUMENTS
(OTHER THAN EXHIBITS THERETO WHICH ARE NOT SPECIFICALLY INCORPORATED BY
REFERENCE HEREIN) ARE AVAILABLE, WITHOUT CHARGE, TO ANY BENEFICIAL OWNER OF
SHARES OF TELLABS COMMON STOCK OR CIENA COMMON STOCK TO WHOM THIS JOINT PROXY
STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS IS DELIVERED, UPON WRITTEN OR ORAL REQUEST TO, IN THE CASE
OF DOCUMENTS RELATING TO TELLABS, SECRETARY, TELLABS, INC., 4951 INDIANA AVENUE,
LISLE, ILLINOIS 60532-1698, TELEPHONE NUMBER (630) 378-8800 AND, IN THE CASE OF
DOCUMENTS RELATING TO CIENA, ATTENTION: GENERAL COUNSEL, 1201 WINTERSON ROAD,
LINTHICUM, MARYLAND 21090, TELEPHONE NUMBER (410) 865-8500. IN ORDER TO ENSURE
TIMELY DELIVERY OF THE DOCUMENTS PRIOR TO THE SPECIAL MEETINGS, ANY REQUEST
THEREFOR SHOULD BE MADE NOT LATER THAN AUGUST 14, 1998.
INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
The following documents heretofore filed with the SEC pursuant to the
Exchange Act are incorporated herein by reference:
1. Tellabs' Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
January 2, 1998, as amended by the Form 10-K/A filed on March 31, 1998;
2. Tellabs' Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended April
3, 1998;
3. Tellabs' Current Reports on Form 8-K reporting events on February
16, 1998, April 13, 1998 and June 2, 1998;
4. The description of Tellabs Common Stock in Tellabs' Registration
Statement filed pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act, and any
amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description;
5. CIENA's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
October 31, 1997;
6. CIENA's Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended
January 31, 1998 and April 30, 1998; and
7. CIENA's Current Reports on Form 8-K reporting events on December
29, 1997, February 19, 1998 and June 2, 1998.
1
<PAGE> 10
All reports and other documents filed by either Tellabs or CIENA pursuant
to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act subsequent to the date
of this Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus and prior to the date of the Tellabs
Special Meeting or the CIENA Special Meeting, respectively, shall be deemed to
be incorporated by reference herein and to be a part hereof from the dates of
filing of such reports and documents. Any statement contained in a document
incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to
be modified or superseded for purposes of this Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus
to the extent that a statement contained herein, or in any other subsequently
filed document which also is incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by
reference herein, modifies or supersedes such statement. Any statement so
modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded,
to constitute a part of this Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus.
------------------------
NO PERSON HAS BEEN AUTHORIZED TO GIVE ANY INFORMATION OR TO MAKE ANY
REPRESENTATIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE MATTERS DESCRIBED IN THIS JOINT PROXY
STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS OTHER THAN THOSE CONTAINED OR INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
HEREIN, AND, IF GIVEN OR MADE, SUCH INFORMATION OR REPRESENTATIONS MUST NOT BE
RELIED UPON AS HAVING BEEN AUTHORIZED BY EITHER TELLABS OR CIENA. THIS JOINT
PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS DOES NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL OR THE
SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY ANY SECURITIES, NOR DOES IT CONSTITUTE THE
SOLICITATION OF A PROXY, IN ANY JURISDICTION TO OR FROM ANY PERSON TO WHOM IT IS
UNLAWFUL TO MAKE ANY SUCH OFFER OR SOLICITATION IN SUCH JURISDICTION. NEITHER
THE DELIVERY OF THIS JOINT PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS NOR ANY DISTRIBUTION OF
SECURITIES HEREUNDER SHALL, UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, CREATE ANY IMPLICATION THAT
THERE HAS BEEN NO CHANGE IN THE AFFAIRS OF TELLABS OR CIENA SINCE THE DATE
HEREOF OR THAT THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS CORRECT AS OF ANY TIME
SUBSEQUENT TO ITS DATE.
------------------------
All information contained in this Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus with
respect to Tellabs and Sub has been provided by Tellabs. All information
contained in this Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus with respect to CIENA has
been provided by CIENA.
------------------------
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
All statements, trend analyses and other information contained in this
Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus or any document incorporated by reference
herein relating to markets for Tellabs' or CIENA's products and trends in
Tellabs' or CIENA's results of operations or financial conditions, as well as
other forward-looking statements including those containing words such as
"will," "should," "could," "anticipate," "believe," "plan," "estimate,"
"expect," "intend," and other similar expressions, constitute forward-looking
statements under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These
forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties
that may cause results and conditions to differ materially from such
forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not
limited to, economic conditions, product demand and industry capacity,
competitive products and pricing, manufacturing efficiencies, research and new
product development, protection of and access to intellectual property, patents
and technology, ability to attract and retain highly qualified personnel,
availability of components and critical manufacturing equipment, ability of
vendors and third parties to respond to Year 2000 issues, facility construction
and start-ups, the regulatory and trade environment, the availability and terms
of future acquisitions, and other factors listed in the "RISK FACTORS" section
of this Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus, contained elsewhere in this Joint
Proxy Statement/Prospectus and disclosed from time to time in Tellabs' or
CIENA's filings with the SEC. In addition to the above, such forward-looking
statements are subject to uncertainties relating to the synergies, charges and
expenses associated with the Merger. Tellabs and CIENA expressly disclaim any
duty to update such forward-looking statements.
As used herein, unless the context otherwise clearly requires, "Tellabs"
refers to Tellabs, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries and "CIENA" refers to
CIENA Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries. Capitalized terms not
defined herein have the respective meanings specified in the Merger Agreement.
2
<PAGE> 11
SUMMARY
The following is a summary of certain information contained elsewhere or
incorporated by reference in this Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus. Reference is
made to, and this summary is qualified in its entirety by, the more detailed
information contained or incorporated by reference in this Joint Proxy
Statement/ Prospectus and the Annexes hereto.
-------------------------
STOCKHOLDERS OF TELLABS AND CIENA ARE URGED TO CAREFULLY READ THIS JOINT
PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS AND THE ANNEXES HERETO IN THEIR ENTIRETY AND SHOULD
CONSIDER CAREFULLY THE INFORMATION SET FORTH BELOW UNDER THE HEADING "RISK
FACTORS."
-------------------------
THE COMPANIES
Tellabs. Tellabs designs, manufactures, markets and services voice and data
transport and network access systems that are used worldwide by public telephone
companies, long-distance carriers, alternate service providers, cellular and
other wireless service providers, cable operators, government agencies,
utilities and business end-users.
Tellabs was incorporated in Delaware in 1992 in connection with the
reincorporation of its predecessor from an Illinois to a Delaware corporation.
Tellabs' predecessor corporation began operations in 1975 and became a public
company in 1980. Tellabs' principal executive offices are located at 4951
Indiana Avenue, Lisle, Illinois 60532-1698 and its telephone number is (630)
378-8800. For further information concerning Tellabs, see "-- Selected
Consolidated Financial Data of Tellabs," "BUSINESS OF TELLABS," "AVAILABLE
INFORMATION" and "INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE."
CIENA. CIENA designs, manufactures and sells open architecture, dense
wavelength division multiplexing ("DWDM") systems for fiberoptic communications
networks, including long-distance and local-exchange carriers. CIENA also
provides a range of engineering, furnishing and installation services for
telecommunications service providers.
CIENA was incorporated in Delaware in November 1992. CIENA's principal
executive offices are located at 1201 Winterson Road, Linthicum, Maryland 21090
and its telephone number is (410) 865-8500. For further information concerning
CIENA, see "-- Selected Consolidated Financial Data of CIENA," "BUSINESS OF
CIENA," "AVAILABLE INFORMATION" and "INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE."
Sub. Sub was incorporated in Delaware on May 26, 1998 as a wholly owned
subsidiary of Tellabs solely for the purpose of consummating the Merger and the
other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement. Sub has minimal assets
and no business and has carried on no activities which are not directly related
to its formation and its execution of the Merger Agreement. Its principal
executive offices are located at 4951 Indiana Avenue, Lisle, Illinois 60532-1698
and its telephone number is (630) 378-8800.
RISK FACTORS
In considering whether to approve the Share Issuance or to approve and
adopt the Merger Agreement, as the case may be, the stockholders of Tellabs and
CIENA should consider that: (i) the Exchange Ratio is expressed in the Merger
Agreement as a fixed ratio and will not be adjusted in the event of any increase
or decrease in the price of either Tellabs Common Stock or CIENA Common Stock;
(ii) there are risks associated with achieving successful integration of the
business operations of Tellabs and CIENA, including the possibility of delays in
accomplishing the same; (iii) there is intense competition in the
telecommunications industry, and the combined company is expected to have a
higher profile in the industry and, therefore, may be subject to more aggressive
competitive responses than either Tellabs or CIENA individually; (iv) CIENA has
historically experienced significant fluctuations in its operating results and
has a more limited ability to forecast future sales, which may cause
unpredictability in the future operating results and a greater degree of stock
price volatility for the combined company; (v) there is no assurance that
certain key
3
<PAGE> 12
employees will remain with the combined company; (vi) there can be no assurance
that the combined company will find attractive acquisition candidates or that it
will be successful at effectively managing the interaction of acquired
businesses into the existing business; and (vii) there is uncertainty as to the
amount of the one-time Merger-related costs and tax consequences related
thereto. See "RISK FACTORS."
TELLABS SPECIAL MEETING
Purpose. The Tellabs Special Meeting will be held on Friday, August 21,
1998, at Tellabs' offices located at 4951 Indiana Avenue, Lisle, Illinois
60532-1698, at 10:00 A.M., local time, to consider and vote upon a proposal to
approve the Share Issuance. The stockholders of Tellabs will also be asked to
consider and take actions upon any other business which may properly be brought
before the Tellabs Special Meeting. See "TELLABS SPECIAL MEETING -- Purpose."
Record Date. Only holders of record of Tellabs Common Stock at the close of
business on July 20, 1998 (the "Tellabs Record Date") are entitled to receive
notice of and to vote at the Tellabs Special Meeting. At the close of business
on the Tellabs Record Date, there were 182,558,702 shares of Tellabs Common
Stock outstanding, each of which entitles the registered holder thereof to one
vote. See "TELLABS SPECIAL MEETING -- Record Date; Voting Rights."
Share Ownership of Management. At the close of business on the Tellabs
Record Date, directors and executive officers of Tellabs beneficially owned and
had the right to vote in the aggregate 21,185,439 shares (approximately 11.6%)
of the shares of Tellabs Common Stock then outstanding. See "TELLABS SPECIAL
MEETING -- Share Ownership of Management."
Required Vote. Approval of the Share Issuance will require the affirmative
vote of a majority of the shares present in person or by proxy at the Tellabs
Special Meeting and entitled to vote on the Share Issuance (assuming a quorum is
present). Brokers who hold Tellabs Common Stock as nominees will not have
discretionary authority to vote such shares in the absence of instructions from
the beneficial owners thereof. Broker non-votes and abstentions will have the
effect of a vote against approval of the Share Issuance.
Change of Vote. Tellabs' stockholders who have executed a proxy may revoke
the proxy at any time prior to its exercise at the Tellabs Special Meeting by
filing a written notice of revocation with, or by delivering a duly executed
proxy bearing a later date to, the Secretary of Tellabs at Tellabs' principal
offices prior to the Tellabs Special Meeting or by attending the Tellabs Special
Meeting and voting in person. Accordingly, Tellabs' stockholders who have
executed and returned proxy cards in advance of the Tellabs Special Meeting may
change their vote at any time prior to the Tellabs Special Meeting.
CIENA SPECIAL MEETING
Purpose. The CIENA Special Meeting will be held on Friday, August 21, 1998
at the Harbor Court Hotel located at 550 Light Street, Baltimore, Maryland
21202, at 11:00 A.M., local time, to consider and vote upon a proposal to
approve and adopt the Merger Agreement, which provides for the merger of Sub
with and into CIENA, with CIENA surviving the Merger as a wholly owned
subsidiary of Tellabs. The stockholders of CIENA will also consider and take
action upon any other business which may properly be brought before the CIENA
Special Meeting. See "CIENA SPECIAL MEETING -- Purpose."
Record Date. Only holders of record of CIENA Common Stock at the close of
business on July 20, 1998 (the "CIENA Record Date") are entitled to receive
notice of and to vote at the CIENA Special Meeting. At the close of business on
the CIENA Record Date, there were 102,506,531 shares of CIENA Common Stock
outstanding, each of which entitles the registered holder thereof to one vote.
See "CIENA SPECIAL MEETING -- Record Date; Voting Rights."
Share Ownership of Management. At the close of business on the CIENA Record
Date, directors and executive officers of CIENA beneficially owned and had the
right to vote in the aggregate 4,876,725 shares (approximately 4.8%) of the
shares of CIENA Common Stock then outstanding. See "CIENA SPECIAL
MEETING -- Share Ownership of Management."
4
<PAGE> 13
Required Vote. Approval and adoption of the Merger Agreement will require
the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of
CIENA Common Stock entitled to vote thereon. Brokers who hold CIENA Common Stock
as nominees will not have discretionary authority to vote such shares in the
absence of instructions from the beneficial owners thereof. Broker non-votes and
abstentions have the effect of a vote against the approval and adoption of the
Merger Agreement. Stockholders of CIENA who have the right to vote approximately
4,726,775 shares (approximately 4.6%) of the outstanding shares of CIENA Common
Stock at the close of business on the CIENA Record Date have agreed pursuant to
the Stockholder Agreements (as defined herein) to vote in favor of approval and
adoption of the Merger Agreement at the CIENA Special Meeting. See "CIENA
SPECIAL MEETING -- Required Vote" and "STOCKHOLDER AGREEMENTS."
Change of Vote. CIENA stockholders who have executed a proxy may revoke the
proxy at any time prior to its exercise at the CIENA Special Meeting by filing a
written notice of revocation with, or by delivering a duly executed proxy
bearing a later date to, CIENA at CIENA's principal executive offices prior to
the CIENA Special Meeting or by attending the CIENA Special Meeting and voting
in person. Accordingly, CIENA stockholders who have executed and returned proxy
cards in advance of the CIENA Special Meeting may change their vote at any time
prior to or at the CIENA Special Meeting.
THE MERGER AND THE MERGER AGREEMENT
General. At the Effective Time of the Merger, Sub will be merged with and
into CIENA, with CIENA continuing as the surviving corporation (the "Surviving
Corporation") and as a wholly owned subsidiary of Tellabs, and the separate
corporate existence of Sub will cease. Subject to the terms and conditions of
the Merger Agreement, each share of CIENA Common Stock outstanding immediately
prior to the Effective Time (other than shares held by CIENA as treasury stock
or by its wholly owned subsidiaries or by Tellabs, which will be canceled),
together with associated preferred stock purchase rights, will be converted into
one share of Tellabs Common Stock. Cash will be paid in lieu of any fractional
share of Tellabs Common Stock. See "THE MERGER AGREEMENT -- Terms of the Merger"
and "-- Fractional Shares."
Effective Time. The Merger will become effective (the "Effective Time")
upon the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of the
State of Delaware or at such time thereafter as is provided in the Certificate
of Merger. The filing of the Certificate of Merger will occur no later than the
second business day following the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set
forth in the Merger Agreement. See "THE MERGER -- Effective Time" and "THE
MERGER AGREEMENT -- Terms of the Merger."
Recommendation of the Tellabs Board. The Tellabs Board believes that the
Merger and the Share Issuance are fair to and in the best interests of Tellabs
and its stockholders and has unanimously approved the Merger Agreement. THE
TELLABS BOARD UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT THE STOCKHOLDERS OF TELLABS VOTE IN
FAVOR OF THE SHARE ISSUANCE. See "THE MERGER -- Tellabs' Reasons for the Merger;
Recommendation of its Board of Directors."
Recommendation of the CIENA Board. The CIENA Board believes that the Merger
is fair to and in the best interests of CIENA and its stockholders and has
unanimously approved and adopted the Merger Agreement and the transactions
contemplated thereby. THE CIENA BOARD UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT THE
STOCKHOLDERS OF CIENA VOTE IN FAVOR OF APPROVAL AND ADOPTION OF THE MERGER
AGREEMENT. See "THE MERGER -- CIENA's Reasons for the Merger; Recommendation of
its Board of Directors."
Opinion of Tellabs' Financial Advisor. On June 2, 1998, Goldman Sachs & Co.
("Goldman Sachs"), financial advisor to Tellabs in connection with the Merger,
delivered its written opinion to the Tellabs Board to the effect that, as of
such date, the Exchange Ratio was fair to Tellabs from a financial point of
view. The full text of such written opinion of Goldman Sachs, which sets forth
assumptions made, matters considered and limitations on the review undertaken,
is attached hereto as Annex B to this Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus and is
incorporated herein by reference. The opinion of Goldman Sachs referred to
herein does not constitute a recommendation as to how any holder of Tellabs
Common Stock should vote with respect to the Share
5
<PAGE> 14
Issuance. HOLDERS OF TELLABS COMMON STOCK ARE URGED TO, AND SHOULD, READ SUCH
OPINION CAREFULLY AND IN ITS ENTIRETY. See "THE MERGER -- Opinion of Tellabs'
Financial Advisor."
Opinion of CIENA's Financial Advisor. On June 2, 1998, Morgan Stanley & Co.
Incorporated ("Morgan Stanley"), financial advisor to CIENA in connection with
the Merger, delivered its written opinion to the CIENA Board to the effect that,
as of such date, the Exchange Ratio was fair to the holders of CIENA Common
Stock from a financial point of view. The full text of such written opinion of
Morgan Stanley, which sets forth, among other things, assumptions made,
procedures followed, matters considered and limitations on the scope of review
undertaken, is attached hereto as Annex C to this Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus and is incorporated herein by reference. The opinion of
Morgan Stanley referred to herein does not constitute a recommendation as to how
any holder of CIENA Common Stock should vote with respect to approval and
adoption of the Merger Agreement. HOLDERS OF CIENA COMMON STOCK ARE URGED TO,
AND SHOULD, READ SUCH OPINION CAREFULLY AND IN ITS ENTIRETY. See "THE MERGER --
Opinion of CIENA's Financial Advisor."
Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences. The Merger is intended to qualify
as a "reorganization" within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). If the Merger so qualifies, in
general no gain or loss will be recognized for United States federal income tax
purposes by the stockholders of CIENA upon the exchange of their CIENA Common
Stock solely for shares of Tellabs Common Stock pursuant to the Merger, except
with respect to cash, if any, received in lieu of fractional shares of Tellabs
Common Stock. Stockholders of CIENA are urged to consult their own tax advisors
regarding the specific tax consequences to such holder of the Merger, including
the application of federal, state, local and foreign tax laws. See "THE MERGER
- -- Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences" and "THE MERGER AGREEMENT --
Conditions to the Merger."
Anticipated Accounting Treatment. The Merger is expected to be accounted
for as a "pooling of interests" for accounting and financial reporting purposes.
It is a condition to the consummation of the Merger that Tellabs receive an
opinion of Ernst & Young LLP that the Merger will qualify for pooling of
interests accounting. See "THE MERGER -- Anticipated Accounting Treatment" and
"THE MERGER AGREEMENT -- Conditions to the Merger."
Absence of Appraisal Rights. Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, as
amended (the "DGCL"), the stockholders of Tellabs are not entitled to appraisal
rights with respect to the Share Issuance and the stockholders of CIENA are not
entitled to appraisal rights with respect to the approval and adoption of the
Merger Agreement. See "THE MERGER -- Absence of Appraisal Rights."
Exchange of Stock Certificates. As soon as practicable after the Effective
Time, Tellabs will instruct the Exchange Agent (as defined herein) to mail a
letter of transmittal to each record holder of shares of CIENA Common Stock
advising such holder of the procedure for surrendering certificates representing
such shares of CIENA Common Stock in exchange for certificates representing
shares of Tellabs Common Stock. Upon surrender to the Exchange Agent for
cancellation of all certificates held by any record holder of shares of CIENA
Common Stock, together with a duly executed letter of transmittal, the holder of
such certificates will be entitled to receive in exchange therefor a certificate
representing the number of whole shares of Tellabs Common Stock into which the
shares represented by the surrendered certificates will have been converted at
the Effective Time, and all certificates representing shares of CIENA Common
Stock will be canceled. See "THE MERGER AGREEMENT -- Surrender and Payment."
Conditions to the Merger. The obligations of Tellabs and CIENA to
consummate the Merger are subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions,
including, without limitation, obtaining the requisite approvals from Tellabs
and CIENA stockholders, delivery to Tellabs and CIENA of tax opinions, delivery
to Tellabs of certain accountant letters regarding pooling of interest
accounting treatment of the Merger, the continued accuracy of the
representations and warranties contained in the Merger Agreement and the receipt
of certain governmental consents and approvals, including, without limitation,
the expiration (or earlier termination) of the relevant waiting period under the
Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the "HSR
Act"). See "THE MERGER -- Governmental and Regulatory Approvals" and "THE MERGER
AGREEMENT -- Conditions to the Merger." On July 15, 1998, Tellabs and CIENA
received notice of early termination of the waiting period under the HSR Act.
6
<PAGE> 15
Termination of the Merger Agreement; Fees and Expenses. The Merger
Agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the Effective Time under
certain circumstances, including, among others, (i) by mutual written consent of
Tellabs and CIENA; (ii) by either Tellabs or CIENA if the other fails to comply
in any material respect with any of its covenants or agreements contained in the
Merger Agreement required to be complied with prior to the date of such
termination, or materially breaches any representation or warranty that is not
qualified as to materiality, or breaches any representation or warranty that is
so qualified (in each case after a 30 business day cure period following receipt
of written notice of such breach); (iii) by either Tellabs or CIENA if the
Merger has not been effected on or prior to December 31, 1998, subject to
certain limitations; (iv) by either Tellabs or CIENA if the requisite
stockholder approvals are not obtained, subject to certain limitations; (v) by
Tellabs or CIENA if CIENA enters into a merger, acquisition or other agreement
to effect a Superior Proposal (as defined herein) after certain conditions have
been satisfied; (vi) by Tellabs if the CIENA Board withdraws or modifies its
recommendation of the Merger, recommends a competing transaction or fails to
recommend against a tender or exchange offer by a third party or if any person
(other than Tellabs) acquires or becomes the beneficial owner of 20% or more of
the outstanding shares of CIENA Common Stock; and (vii) by CIENA if the Tellabs
Board withdraws or modifies its recommendation of the Share Issuance. See "THE
MERGER AGREEMENT -- Termination." The Merger Agreement provides for the payment
of termination fees by CIENA to Tellabs, not to exceed $200 million plus
expenses, following a termination of the Merger Agreement under certain
circumstances. See "THE MERGER AGREEMENT -- Fees and Expenses" and "THE STOCK
OPTION AGREEMENT."
INTERESTS OF CERTAIN PERSONS IN THE MERGER
Certain persons, as members of CIENA's management or the CIENA Board, have
interests in the Merger in addition to their interests as stockholders of CIENA.
Four of the current directors of CIENA, Messrs. Patrick H. Nettles, Jon W.
Bayless, Stephen Bradley and Billy B. Oliver, will be elected to the Tellabs
Board promptly following the Effective Time. Moreover, as a result of the
consummation of the Merger, all options to purchase shares of CIENA Common Stock
(the "CIENA Stock Options") outstanding at the Effective Time will be converted
into options to purchase shares of Tellabs Common Stock pursuant to the Merger
Agreement. In addition, unvested CIENA Stock Options which, at the Effective
Time, shall have been outstanding for at least one year will become fully vested
at that time. As of July 20, 1998, executive officers and directors of CIENA
held CIENA Stock Options to purchase approximately 3,232,042 shares of CIENA
Common Stock which, at the Effective Time, will be converted into options to
purchase shares of Tellabs Common Stock. Of such CIENA Stock Options, an
aggregate of approximately 2,002,902 options, which were unvested as of such
date, will become fully vested at the Effective Time. Officers and directors of
CIENA will also continue to have the benefit of indemnification and directors'
and officers' insurance protection for six years after the Effective Time. See
"INTERESTS OF CERTAIN PERSONS IN THE MERGER."
STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT
Concurrently with the execution of the Merger Agreement, in order to induce
Tellabs to enter into the Merger Agreement, Tellabs and CIENA entered into a
Stock Option Agreement (the "Stock Option Agreement") pursuant to which CIENA
granted Tellabs an option (the "Tellabs Option") to purchase up to 20,200,000
shares of CIENA Common Stock (or approximately 19.9% of the outstanding shares
of CIENA Common Stock as of the CIENA Record Date) at an exercise price of
$65.875 per share (i.e. the last reported sale price of Tellabs Common Stock on
June 2, 1998 multiplied by the Exchange Ratio), payable in cash and/or Tellabs
Common Stock. The Tellabs Option is exercisable only upon the occurrence of
certain events and provides Tellabs the right, under certain circumstances, to
require CIENA to purchase for cash the unexercised portion of the Tellabs
Option. The Stock Option Agreement may have the effect of discouraging persons
who may, now or prior to the Effective Time, be interested in acquiring all of
or a significant interest in CIENA from considering or proposing such an
acquisition, even if such persons were prepared to offer to pay consideration to
stockholders of CIENA that had a higher current market price than the one share
of Tellabs Common Stock to be received for each share of CIENA Common Stock
pursuant to the Merger Agreement.
7
<PAGE> 16
A copy of the Stock Option Agreement is attached hereto as Annex D. See "THE
STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT."
STOCKHOLDER AGREEMENTS
Concurrently with the execution of the Merger Agreement, in order to induce
Tellabs to enter into the Merger Agreement, each of Jon W. Bayless, Steven
Bradley, Harvey B. Cash, Clifford H. Higgerson, Patrick H. Nettles, Billy B.
Oliver and Michael J. Zak (being all of the current directors of CIENA) and
Stephen W. Chaddick, Senior Vice President, Products and Technologies, and
Lawrence P. Huang, Senior Vice President, Sales and Marketing (collectively, the
"Stockholders"), who have the right to vote approximately 4,726,775 shares
(approximately 4.6%) of the outstanding shares of CIENA Common Stock as of the
CIENA Record Date, entered into stockholder agreements (the "Stockholder
Agreements") with Tellabs. The Stockholder Agreements provide, among other
things, that: (a) at the CIENA Special Meeting (or at any adjournment thereof)
the Stockholder will vote the shares of CIENA Common Stock owned by such
Stockholder in favor of the Merger, the adoption of the Merger Agreement and the
approval of the terms thereof and each of the other transactions contemplated by
the Merger Agreement; (b) the Stockholder will vote such shares of CIENA Common
Stock against any amendment of the CIENA Charter (as defined herein) or the
CIENA By-laws (as defined herein), which would impede, frustrate, prevent or
nullify the Merger, the Merger Agreement or any of the other transactions
contemplated thereby, or would change the voting rights of any class of capital
stock of CIENA; (c) the Stockholder will not (i) transfer (with certain
exceptions) such shares of CIENA Common Stock to any person or (ii) enter into
any voting arrangement, whether by proxy, voting agreement or otherwise, in
relation to such shares of CIENA Common Stock; and (d) the Stockholder will not
solicit any Takeover Proposal (as defined herein) or participate in any
discussions (including furnishing information) regarding any Takeover Proposal.
See "STOCKHOLDER AGREEMENTS."
COMPARISON OF THE RIGHTS OF HOLDERS OF TELLABS COMMON STOCK AND CIENA COMMON
STOCK
Upon consummation of the Merger, the CIENA stockholders will become
stockholders of Tellabs. See "COMPARISON OF THE RIGHTS OF HOLDERS OF TELLABS
COMMON STOCK AND CIENA COMMON STOCK" for a summary of the material differences
between the rights of holders of Tellabs Common Stock and the rights of holders
of CIENA Common Stock.
8
<PAGE> 17
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA OF TELLABS
The following table sets forth selected historical consolidated financial
data for Tellabs for each of the years ended January 2, 1998, December 27, 1996,
December 29, 1995, December 30, 1994 and December 31, 1993 and for the
three-month periods ended April 3, 1998 and March 28, 1997. Such data have been
derived from, and should be read in conjunction with, the audited consolidated
financial statements and other financial information contained in Tellabs'
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 2, 1998 and the unaudited
consolidated financial statements and other financial information contained in
Tellabs' Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended April 3, 1998,
including in each case the notes thereto, which are incorporated by reference
herein. See "AVAILABLE INFORMATION" and "INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENTS BY
REFERENCE."
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS ENDED
---------------------- FISCAL YEARS
APRIL 3, MARCH 28, ------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993
-------- --------- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
(UNAUDITED)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
STATEMENT OF EARNINGS DATA:
Net sales.................... $ 327,502 $247,123 $1,203,546 $868,975 $635,229 $494,153 $320,463
Gross profit................. 207,283 151,703 758,003 519,243 363,835 270,003 164,255
Earnings before income
taxes...................... 101,102 94,725 399,529 175,282 162,825 97,824 35,801
Net earnings before
cumulative effect of
accounting change.......... 68,244 63,087 263,689 117,965 115,606 72,389 30,467
Cumulative effect of
accounting change.......... -- -- -- -- -- -- 1,500
Net earnings................. 68,244 63,087 263,689 117,965 115,606 72,389 31,967
Earnings per share before
cumulative effect of
accounting change.......... 0.38 0.35 1.46 0.66 0.66 0.42 0.18
Earnings per share before
cumulative effect of
accounting change, assuming
dilution................... 0.37 0.34 1.42 0.64 0.63 0.40 0.17
Cumulative effect on earnings
per share.................. -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.01
Cumulative effect on earnings
per share, assuming
dilution................... -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.01
Earnings per share........... 0.38 0.35 1.46 0.66 0.66 0.42 0.19
Earnings per share, assuming
dilution................... 0.37 0.34 1.42 0.64 0.63 0.40 0.18
BALANCE SHEET DATA -- AT
PERIOD END:
Stockholders' equity......... $1,033,050 $679,455 $ 933,109 $591,276 $433,233 $292,790 $207,006
Total assets................. 1,286,717 845,500 1,183,379 743,823 552,051 390,067 328,766
Net working capital.......... 726,789 430,331 637,114 343,840 267,806 138,317 64,285
Long-term debt............... 2,850 4,115 2,850 2,850 2,850 2,850 2,850
</TABLE>
No cash dividends per common share were paid. Per share amounts are restated to
reflect stock splits in 1996, 1995 and 1994.
9
<PAGE> 18
SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA OF CIENA
The following table sets forth selected historical consolidated financial
data for CIENA (which have been restated for the February 1998 business
combination between CIENA and ATI Telecom International Ltd. accounted for under
the pooling of interests method of accounting) for each of the last five years
in the period ended October 31, 1997, for the three-month periods ended January
31, 1998 and 1997 and for the six-month periods ended April 30, 1998 and 1997.
Such data (other than the balance sheet data at January 31, 1997 and April 30,
1997) have been derived from, and should be read in conjunction with, the
audited consolidated financial statements and other financial information
contained in CIENA's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 23, 1998 and the
unaudited consolidated financial statements and other unaudited financial
information contained in CIENA's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the six
months ended April 30, 1998, including in each case the notes thereto, which are
incorporated by reference herein. See "AVAILABLE INFORMATION" and "INCORPORATION
OF DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE."
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS
SIX MONTHS ENDED ENDED
APRIL 30, JANUARY 31,(1) YEAR ENDED OCTOBER 31,(2)
------------------- ------------------- ------------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1998 1997 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993(2)
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- -------
(UNAUDITED) (UNAUDITED)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
DATA:
Revenue.................. $287,810 $161,276 $145,092 $ 63,673 $413,215 $88,463 $21,691 $20,890 $4,074
Gross profit............. 122,895 68,653 86,112 35,420 246,743 41,148 5,506 5,252 1,317
Income (loss) before
income taxes........... 96,350 69,206 65,840 22,599 188,670 20,816 (5,624) 94 583
Basic net income (loss)
per common share....... 0.54 0.80 0.39 0.97 1.53 1.25 (0.51) (0.12) 0.06
Diluted net income (loss)
per common and dilutive
potential common
share.................. 0.41 0.41 0.37 0.14 1.11 0.19 (0.51) (0.12) 0.06
BALANCE SHEET DATA -- AT
PERIOD END:
Stockholders' equity
(deficit).............. $456,382 $216,047 $430,360 $ 24,664 $372,414 $10,783 $(6,662) $ (300) $ 461
Total assets............. 575,057 291,172 551,105 112,586 463,279 79,676 17,706 12,076 4,897
Net working capital...... 358,185 199,095 364,358 47,915 333,452 42,240 7,221 5,485 2,172
Long-term obligations,
excluding current
portion and deferred
income
taxes.................. 1,779 2,281 1,942 3,060 1,885 3,465 2,074 1,901 2,201
Mandatorily redeemable
preferred stock........ -- -- -- 40,404 -- 40,404 14,454 3,492 --
</TABLE>
- -------------------------
(1) Information is presented for the three-month periods ended January 31, 1998
and 1997, which has been used in the preparation of the unaudited pro forma
condensed combined financial statements contained elsewhere herein.
(2) CIENA has a 52 or 53 week fiscal year which ends on the Saturday nearest to
the last day of October in each year. For purposes of financial statement
presentation, each fiscal year is described as having ended on October 31.
Fiscal 1994, 1995 and 1997 comprised 52 weeks and fiscal 1996 comprised 53
weeks. In addition, information for the year ended October 31, 1993 is for
the period beginning from the incorporation of CIENA (November 2, 1992)
until the end of the period.
10
<PAGE> 19
SELECTED UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL DATA
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial data give effect to
the Merger on the historical consolidated financial statements of Tellabs and
CIENA using the "pooling of interests" method of accounting. The unaudited pro
forma condensed combined financial data are qualified in their entirety by
reference to, and should be read in conjunction with, the unaudited pro forma
condensed combined financial statements and notes thereto, included elsewhere
herein, and the historical consolidated financial statements and notes thereto
of Tellabs and CIENA, which are incorporated by reference in this Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus. See "UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS." The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial data give
effect to the Merger as if it had been consummated, with respect to statement of
earnings data, at the beginning of the periods presented or, with respect to
balance sheet data, as of the date presented. The unaudited pro forma condensed
combined financial data have been included for illustrative purposes only, do
not reflect any cost savings and other synergies anticipated by Tellabs'
management as a result of the Merger and are not necessarily indicative of the
results of operations or financial position that would have occurred had the
Merger been consummated at the dates indicated, nor are they necessarily
indicative of future results of operations or financial position of the merged
companies.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FIRST
QUARTER(1) FISCAL YEARS(1)
----------- ----------------------------------
FISCAL 1998 1997 1996 1995
----------- ---- ---- ----
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
STATEMENT OF EARNINGS DATA(2):
Net Sales......................................... $ 472,594 $1,616,761 $957,438 $656,920
Gross Profit...................................... 293,395 1,004,746 560,391 369,341
Earnings before income taxes...................... 166,942 588,199 196,098 157,201
Net earnings...................................... 107,942 379,656 135,228 109,158
Earnings per share, assuming dilution............. 0.37 1.31 0.49 0.44
BALANCE SHEET DATA -- AT PERIOD END(3):
Stockholders' equity.............................. $1,413,410
Total assets...................................... 1,828,116
Net working capital............................... 1,041,147
Long-term debt.................................... 2,850
</TABLE>
- -------------------------
(1) Tellabs operates on a 52-53 week fiscal year. CIENA's fiscal year ends on
the Saturday nearest to the last day of October. The unaudited pro forma
condensed combined balance sheet as of April 3, 1998 combines Tellabs'
historical consolidated balance sheet as of April 3, 1998 with CIENA's
historical consolidated balance sheet as of January 31, 1998, giving effect
to the Merger as if it had occurred as of April 3, 1998. The unaudited pro
forma condensed combined statements of earnings for the three months ended
April 3, 1998 and for the years ended January 2, 1998, December 27, 1996 and
December 29, 1995 combine Tellabs' historical consolidated statements of
earnings for the three months ended April 3, 1998 and for the years ended
January 2, 1998, December 27, 1996 and December 29, 1995 with CIENA's
historical consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended
January 31, 1998 and for the years ended November 1, 1997, November 2, 1996
and October 28, 1995, respectively, giving effect to the Merger as if it had
occurred at the beginning of each period presented.
(2) Certain amounts in the historical financial statements of Tellabs and CIENA
have been reclassified for presentation of the unaudited pro forma condensed
combined financial statements.
(3) Tellabs expects to incur approximately $50 million to $55 million of
non-recurring expenses related to the Merger. These expenses include, but
are not limited to, professional fees, regulatory filing costs, fees of
financial advisors and other unusual and non-recurring items. Although
Tellabs believes this estimate of non-recurring expenses is accurate,
certain material additional costs may be incurred in connection with the
Merger. Merger related expenses will be recorded in the period in which the
Merger is consummated, which is currently estimated to occur in the third
quarter of 1998. Because the foregoing charges are non-recurring in nature,
they have not been reflected in the pro forma condensed combined statements
of earnings. The low end of the $50 million to $55 million range has been
used for the presentation of the unaudited pro forma condensed combined
balance sheet information contained herein.
11
<PAGE> 20
COMPARATIVE PER SHARE DATA OF TELLABS AND CIENA
The following table sets forth selected per share data for Tellabs and
CIENA on a historical and unaudited pro forma combined basis. The unaudited pro
forma financial data assume that the Merger was consummated at the beginning of
the earliest period presented and give effect to the Merger as a "pooling of
interests" in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP").
Book value data for all pro forma presentations are based on the number of
outstanding shares of Tellabs Common Stock adjusted to include the maximum
number of shares of Tellabs Common Stock that could be issued in the Merger, at
the end of each period. The information set forth below should be read in
conjunction with the selected historical consolidated financial data of Tellabs
and CIENA and the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements,
including the notes thereto, appearing elsewhere herein. See "UNAUDITED PRO
FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS."
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FISCAL
QUARTER(1) FISCAL YEAR(1)
---------- ------------------------
1998 1997 1996 1995
---- ---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
TELLABS HISTORICAL:
Earnings per share, assuming dilution..................... $0.37 $1.42 $0.64 $ 0.63
Cash dividends declared per share......................... -- -- --
Book value per share...................................... 5.67 5.14
CIENA HISTORICAL:
Earnings (loss) per share, assuming dilution.............. $0.37 $1.11 $0.19 $(0.51)
Cash dividends declared per share......................... -- -- -- --
Book value per share...................................... 4.26 3.71
TELLABS UNAUDITED PRO FORMA COMBINED:(2)(3)
Earnings per share, assuming dilution..................... $0.37 $1.31 $0.49 $ 0.44
Cash dividends declared per share......................... -- -- -- --
Book value per share...................................... 4.99 4.45
CIENA EQUIVALENT:
Earnings per share, assuming dilution..................... $0.37 $1.31 $0.49 $ 0.44
Cash dividends declared per share......................... -- -- -- --
Book value per share...................................... 4.99 4.45
</TABLE>
- -------------------------
(1) For Tellabs, information is for the first fiscal quarter ended April 3, 1998
and fiscal years ended January 2, 1998, December 27, 1996 and December 29,
1995. For CIENA, information is for the first fiscal quarter ended January
31, 1998 and fiscal years ended November 1, 1997, November 2, 1996 and
October 28, 1995.
(2) The unaudited pro forma combined net earnings per share for the three months
in the period ended April 3, 1998 and for each of the years ended January 2,
1998, December 27, 1996 and December 29, 1995, respectively, illustrates the
results as if the Merger had occurred on the first day of each period. The
unaudited pro forma combined per share data have been included for
illustrative purposes only, do not reflect any cost savings and other
synergies anticipated by Tellabs' management as a result of the Merger and
are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations or financial
position that would have occurred had the Merger been consummated at the
dates indicated, nor are they necessarily indicative of future results of
operations or financial position of the merged companies.
(3) Tellabs expects to incur approximately $50 million to $55 million of
non-recurring expenses related to the Merger. These expenses include, but
are not limited to, professional fees, regulatory filing costs, fees of
financial advisors and other unusual and non-recurring items. Although
Tellabs believes this estimate of non-recurring expenses is accurate,
certain additional costs may be incurred in connection with the Merger.
Merger related expenses will be recorded in the period in which the Merger
is consummated, which is currently estimated to occur in the third quarter
of 1998. Because the foregoing charges are non-recurring in nature, they
have not been reflected in the pro forma condensed combined statements of
12
<PAGE> 21
earnings. The low end of the $50 million to $55 million range has been used for
the presentation of the unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet
information contained herein.
MARKET PRICES
Shares of Tellabs Common Stock are traded on Nasdaq under the symbol
"TLAB". The following table sets forth for the fiscal periods indicated the
range of the high and low sale prices of Tellabs Common Stock as reported on
Nasdaq. Tellabs has never paid cash dividends on Tellabs Common Stock and
currently has no plans to pay cash dividends in the near future.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TELLABS
COMMON STOCK(1)
-------------------------
HIGH LOW
----------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
FISCAL 1996
First Quarter............................................... $ 26 3/8 $15 1/4
Second Quarter.............................................. 34 3/4 23 5/8
Third Quarter............................................... 38 1/8 24 1/2
Fourth Quarter.............................................. 45 1/4 34 1/8
FISCAL 1997
First Quarter............................................... $ 46 1/8 $32
Second Quarter.............................................. 58 5/8 33
Third Quarter............................................... 65 50 1/2
Fourth Quarter.............................................. 59 13/16 42 5/8
FISCAL 1998
First Quarter............................................... $ 69 1/2 $44 1/2
Second Quarter.............................................. 74 5/8 60 5/8
Third Quarter (through July 20, 1998)....................... 89 1/8 70 5/8
</TABLE>
- -------------------------
(1) Share prices have been restated to reflect a two for one stock split for the
fiscal year ended December 27, 1996. Information provided for Tellabs is
based on Tellabs' fiscal years ended December 29, 1995, December 27, 1996
and January 2, 1998.
Shares of CIENA Common Stock are traded on Nasdaq under the symbol "CIEN".
The following table sets forth for the fiscal periods indicated the range of the
high and low sale prices of CIENA Common Stock as reported on Nasdaq. CIENA has
never paid cash dividends on CIENA Common Stock and currently has no plans to
pay cash dividends in the near future.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CIENA
COMMON STOCK(1)
-------------------------
HIGH LOW
----------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
FISCAL 1997
Second Quarter (from February 7, 1997)..................... $ 44 $22 1/4
Third Quarter.............................................. 57 1/4 28 1/2
Fourth Quarter............................................. 63 5/8 43
FISCAL 1998
First Quarter.............................................. $ 63 9/16 $47 7/16
Second Quarter............................................. 58 1/4 37 1/4
Third Quarter (through July 20, 1998)...................... 88 13/16 46 7/8
</TABLE>
- -------------------------
(1) Information provided for CIENA is based on CIENA's fiscal year ended October
31, 1997. CIENA completed its initial public offering of CIENA Common Stock
on February 7, 1997. Information for the second quarter of 1997 is presented
for the period from February 7, 1997 through April 30, 1997.
13
<PAGE> 22
Set forth below are the last reported sale prices of Tellabs Common Stock
and CIENA Common Stock on June 2, 1998, the last trading day prior to the public
announcement of the execution of the Merger Agreement, and on July 20, 1998, the
last trading day prior to the date of this Joint Proxy Statement/ Prospectus, as
reported on Nasdaq, and the equivalent pro forma sale prices of CIENA Common
Stock on such dates, as determined by multiplying such last reported sale prices
of Tellabs Common Stock by the Exchange Ratio of 1.0:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
JUNE 2, JULY 20,
1998 1998
------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
Tellabs Common Stock........................................ $65 7/8 89
CIENA Common Stock.......................................... 57 9/16 88 5/8
CIENA Equivalent............................................ 65 7/8 89
</TABLE>
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
Tellabs recently reported record sales and earnings for the second quarter
and the first half of 1998. Sales for the three months ended July 3, 1998 were
$387,719,000, up 32.5% over sales of $292,701,000 in the similar period of 1997.
Sales for the six months ended July 3, 1998 were $715,221,000, up 32.5% compared
with sales of $539,824,000 a year earlier. Net income for the second quarter of
1998 was $119,042,000, compared with $58,761,000 a year earlier. Results for the
second quarter of 1998 include a pre-tax gain of $73,374,000 on the sale of
stock held as an investment and the settlement of hedge contracts on those
shares as well as a pre-tax write-off of $24,793,000 on assets of Tellabs'
Wireless Systems Division that were determined to be impaired. Excluding the
effect of the second-quarter gain and charge, earnings increased 46.8% over
those recorded in the second quarter of last year. Net income for the first six
months of 1998 was $187,286,000, compared with $121,848,000 a year earlier
(which included a pre-tax gain of $20,803,000 on the sale of stock held as an
investment). Excluding the effect of the 1997 and 1998 gains on the sales of
stock and the effect of the 1998 write-off, net income for the first half of
1998 was 43.1% greater than the level recorded in the first half of 1997.
Diluted earnings per share of common stock for the second quarter of 1998 were
$0.63 (or $0.46 excluding the effect of the stock sale and write-off) compared
with $0.32 for the second quarter of 1997. For the first six months of 1998,
diluted earnings per share were $1.00 ($0.83 excluding the effect of the stock
sale and write-off) compared with $0.66 ($0.59 excluding the effect of the 1997
stock sale) a year earlier.
14
<PAGE> 23
RISK FACTORS
In addition to the information presented elsewhere and incorporated by
reference in this Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus, stockholders of Tellabs and
CIENA should consider carefully the following risk factors together with the
risk factors set forth in the periodic and current reports filed with the SEC by
CIENA and Tellabs in deciding whether to approve the Share Issuance (in the case
of Tellabs stockholders) or to approve and adopt the Merger Agreement (in the
case of CIENA stockholders).
FIXED EXCHANGE RATIO DESPITE CHANGE IN RELATIVE STOCK PRICES
The Exchange Ratio is expressed in the Merger Agreement as a fixed ratio.
Accordingly, the Exchange Ratio will not be adjusted in the event of any
increase or decrease in the price of either Tellabs Common Stock or CIENA Common
Stock. The price of Tellabs Common Stock or CIENA Common Stock at the Effective
Time may vary from its price at the date of this Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus and at the date of the Special Meetings. Such variations
may be the result of changes in the business, operations or prospects of Tellabs
or CIENA, market assessments of the likelihood that the Merger will be
consummated and the timing thereof, regulatory considerations, general market
and economic conditions and other factors. Because the Effective Time may occur
at a date later than the Special Meetings, there can be no assurance that the
price of Tellabs Common Stock on the date of the Special Meetings will be
indicative of its price at the Effective Time. Stockholders of Tellabs and CIENA
are urged to obtain current market quotations for Tellabs Common Stock and CIENA
Common Stock.
UNCERTAINTIES IN INTEGRATING BUSINESS OPERATIONS
In determining that each of the Share Issuance (in the case of the Tellabs
Board) and the Merger (in the case of the CIENA Board) is fair to and in the
best interests of its stockholders, each of the Tellabs Board and the CIENA
Board considered, among other things, the financial benefits, operating
efficiencies and other synergies expected to result from the consummation of the
Merger. See "THE MERGER -- Tellabs' Reasons for the Merger; Recommendation of
its Board of Directors" and "-- CIENA's Reasons for the Merger; Recommendation
of its Board of Directors." However, a successful combination of the two
companies will require, among other things, integration of the two companies'
respective technological expertise, key personnel, sales and distribution
channels, products and product development efforts and management information
systems. Neither company has been involved in a strategic merger of this size,
in which effective integration of corporate "cultures," although difficult to
assess objectively, may be especially important over the long term to achieve
the benefits of the Merger. There can be no assurance that such integration will
be successfully accomplished. Moreover, the integration of the operations and
technologies following the Merger will require the dedication of management and
other personnel which may distract their attention from the day-to-day business
of the combined company, the development or acquisition of new products and
technologies and the pursuit of other business acquisition activities. Failure
to successfully accomplish the integration and development of the two companies'
operations and technologies, or a prolonged delay in accomplishing a reasonable
measure of integration, may have a material adverse effect on the combined
company.
INCREASED COMPETITION
Competition in the telecommunications equipment industry is intense and is
dominated by a number of very large companies, each of which is likely to have
greater financial, technical and marketing resources (including intellectual
property portfolios), greater manufacturing capacity and more extensive and
established customer relationships with network operators than the combined
company. Several competitors are providers of a more complete complement of
network equipment than the combined company, such as switches, fiberoptic
transmission terminals and fiberoptic signal regenerators, and thereby can
position themselves as vertically integrated "one-stop shopping" solution
providers to potential customers. Tellabs and CIENA believe the combination of
their complementary product lines, and the critical mass represented by their
combined engineering, research and sales and marketing resources, should enable
the combined company to become a more important player in the global
telecommunications industry. As such, the
15
<PAGE> 24
competitive responses encountered by the combined company from these larger,
more established telecommunications equipment companies may be more aggressive
and comprehensive than those faced by either of Tellabs or CIENA individually.
As part of the increasing competitiveness of the telecommunications industry,
there has been a growing number of intellectual property disputes, the
resolution of which may involve payments beyond cross-licensing rights. For
example, CIENA recently settled one such dispute with Pirelli SpA. In connection
with the foregoing, there can be no assurance that the combined company will be
able to compete successfully with its larger competitors or that aggressive
competitive moves faced by the combined company will not result in lower prices
for the combined company's products, decreased gross profit margins, or
otherwise have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition
and results of operations.
POTENTIAL FLUCTUATIONS IN OPERATING RESULTS
CIENA has historically been vulnerable to significant fluctuations in
quarterly operating results due primarily but not exclusively to the small
number of major customers for its initial long distance DWDM systems. See "THE
MERGER -- CIENA's Reasons for the Merger; Recommendation of its Board of
Directors." Accordingly, the combined company may experience fluctuations in
quarterly results of operations for the foreseeable future. On a pro forma
basis, CIENA's revenues for the first quarter of 1998 would have represented
approximately 30.7% of the combined company's revenues.
Additionally, the two companies' visibility into future quarterly
performance and their corresponding respective abilities to provide
forward-looking guidance for investors have historically been very different
owing primarily to the differences in the maturity of the product lines of the
two companies and the breadth of the two companies' customer bases. CIENA's
newer product line and narrow customer base are among the reasons why CIENA has
faced a greater risk of divergence between its actual or anticipated results and
the published expectations of analysts, and hence a greater risk of stock price
volatility, than Tellabs. The combination of the two companies should make any
actual fluctuation in CIENA's results less material than would be the case for
CIENA as an independent company; however, CIENA's comparatively limited
visibility into future quarterly performance may cause the combined company to
face a greater risk of divergence between actual and expected results, and
therefore a greater risk of stock price volatility, than Tellabs' investors have
historically experienced.
CIENA believes its relationship with Sprint is very strong, with
substantial shipments for the first six months of the fiscal year, including
shipments since March 1998 of CIENA's 40 channel MultiWave 4000 system. CIENA
also believes WorldCom is very satisfied with CIENA's products and intends to
continue significant purchases, even in the face of its previously announced
change in purchasing practices. Resumption of purchasing may be impacted by the
final closing of the merger of MCI and WorldCom, which is reported to be likely
in the next few months. Certain other customers, such as Hermes in the U.K.,
appear to be accelerating network buildout plans. AT&T has recently indicated to
CIENA that the capacity requirements of its network have grown to such an extent
that the delays in final certification and approval for deployment of CIENA's
customized 16 channel system would make actual deployment of that system
inadvisable, and that AT&T would accordingly be shifting to an accelerated
evaluation of commercially available, higher channel count systems. CIENA
believes AT&T will evaluate CIENA's MultiWave 4000 system positively in this
context, particularly because CIENA believes it is the only manufacturer in the
world with operational 40 channel systems ready for prompt delivery on an
"off-the-shelf" basis in substantial manufacturing volumes. However, the outcome
of the evaluation process with AT&T cannot be predicted, particularly given the
protracted experience CIENA has had with AT&T's evaluation of the 16 channel
MultiWave Sentry.
CIENA has not planned on significant revenue from AT&T for the balance of
calendar 1998 and, based on the strength of its other customer relationships and
the recent pace of development of the worldwide market for DWDM equipment, it is
not clear whether the absence of revenue from AT&T for the balance of the year
and for some period beyond would have any material adverse effect on CIENA's
financial condition or results of operations. However, if AT&T were to elect not
to deploy CIENA's 40 channel systems, there is no assurance that CIENA would be
able to replace the longer-term revenue potential of an AT&T from among its
other customers and potential customers.
16
<PAGE> 25
DEPENDENCE ON RETENTION AND INTEGRATION OF KEY EMPLOYEES
The success of the combined company is dependent on the retention and
integration of the key management, sales, marketing, engineering and other
employees of Tellabs and CIENA. Competition for qualified personnel in the
telecommunications industry is very intense, and competitors may use aggressive
tactics to recruit key employees during the period leading up to the Merger and
during the integration phase following the Merger. In addition, the acceleration
of the vesting of options in connection with the Merger, together with the
concomitant value of such options, may make retention of CIENA employees even
more difficult. There can be no assurance that key employees of either company
will remain with the combined company.
FUTURE ACQUISITIONS
Both Tellabs and CIENA have pursued acquisitions as an important component
of their business strategies, and it is expected that this acquisition strategy
will continue for the foreseeable future. There can be no assurance that
attractive acquisition candidates will be found or that the combined company
will be successful at effectively managing the integration of acquired
businesses into the existing business. If expected synergies from such
transactions do not materialize or the combined company fails to successfully
integrate new business into its existing businesses, the combined company's
results of operations could be adversely affected.
UNCERTAINTY AS TO AMOUNT OF ONE-TIME MERGER-RELATED CHARGE
Tellabs will take a one-time pre-tax charge (estimated to be approximately
$50 million to $55 million) in the quarter in which the Merger is consummated to
cover the direct costs of the Merger, including professional fees, regulatory
filing costs, fees of financial advisors and other unusual and non-recurring
items. Costs related to the Merger could increase if Tellabs or CIENA encounter
difficulties in the consummation of the Merger or the integration of their
businesses. There can be no assurance that Tellabs will not incur additional
charges in subsequent quarters as Tellabs' integration plan is developed and
more accurate estimates become possible or as to the amount of the after-tax
cost of such charge. See "UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL
INFORMATION."
TELLABS SPECIAL MEETING
The Tellabs Special Meeting will be held on Friday, August 21, 1998, at
Tellabs' offices located at 4951 Indiana Avenue, Lisle, Illinois 60532-1698, at
10:00 A.M., local time.
PURPOSE
At the Tellabs Special Meeting, the stockholders of Tellabs will consider
and vote upon a proposal to approve the Share Issuance. The stockholders of
Tellabs will also consider and take action upon any other business which may
properly be brought before the Tellabs Special Meeting.
The Tellabs Board believes that the Share Issuance is fair to and in the
best interest of Tellabs and its stockholders and has unanimously approved the
Merger Agreement and the Share Issuance. THE TELLABS BOARD UNANIMOUSLY
RECOMMENDS THAT THE STOCKHOLDERS OF TELLABS VOTE IN FAVOR OF APPROVAL OF THE
SHARE ISSUANCE AT THE TELLABS SPECIAL MEETING. See "THE MERGER -- Tellabs'
Reasons for the Merger; Recommendation of its Board of Directors."
RECORD DATE; VOTING RIGHTS
Only holders of record of Tellabs Common Stock at the close of business on
the Tellabs Record Date, July 20, 1998, are entitled to receive notice of and to
vote at the Tellabs Special Meeting. At the close of business on the Tellabs
Record Date, there were 182,558,702 shares of Tellabs Common Stock outstanding,
held by approximately 3,700 record holders. Each share of Tellabs Common Stock
entitles the record holder thereof to one vote.
17
<PAGE> 26
QUORUM
The holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Tellabs Common Stock
entitled to vote at the Tellabs Special Meeting, present in person or
represented by proxy, constitute a quorum.
Shares of Tellabs Common Stock represented by proxies which are marked
"abstain" will be counted as shares present for purposes of determining the
presence of a quorum on all matters, as will shares that are represented by
proxies that are executed by any broker, fiduciary or other nominee on behalf of
the beneficial owner(s) thereof regardless of whether authority to vote is
withheld by such broker, fiduciary or nominee on one or more matters. In the
event that a quorum is not present at the Tellabs Special Meeting, it is
expected that such meeting will be adjourned to solicit additional proxies.
PROXIES
All shares of Tellabs Common Stock represented by properly executed proxies
in the enclosed form which are received in time for the Tellabs Special Meeting
and have not been revoked will be voted in accordance with the instructions
indicated by such proxies. If no instructions are indicated, such shares will be
voted FOR the approval of the Share Issuance. Brokers who hold Tellabs Common
Stock as nominees will not have discretionary authority to vote such shares in
the absence of instructions from the beneficial owners thereof. Proxies which
are marked "abstain" and broker non-votes will have the effect of a vote AGAINST
the approval of the Share Issuance.
Tellabs does not know of any matter not described in the Notice of Tellabs
Special Meeting that is expected to come before the Tellabs Special Meeting. If,
however, any other matters are properly presented for action at the Tellabs
Special Meeting, proxies will be voted in the discretion of the respective
proxyholders, unless such authority is withheld.
Any proxy in the enclosed form may be revoked by the stockholder executing
it at any time prior to its exercise by giving written notice thereof to the
Secretary of Tellabs at Tellabs' principal executive offices, by signing and
returning a later dated proxy or by voting in person at the Tellabs Special
Meeting. Attendance at the Tellabs Special Meeting will not in and of itself
constitute the revocation of a proxy.
SOLICITATION OF PROXIES
Proxies are being solicited hereby by the Tellabs Board on behalf of
Tellabs. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the entire cost of proxy solicitation
for the Tellabs Special Meeting, including the reasonable expenses of brokers,
fiduciaries and other nominees in forwarding solicitation material to beneficial
owners, will be borne by Tellabs, except that Tellabs and CIENA will share
equally all printing expenses, filing fees in connection with this Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus and the Registration Statement and filing fees required to
be paid by Tellabs under the HSR Act. In addition to the use of the mail,
solicitation may be made by telephone or otherwise by directors, officers and
regular employees of Tellabs. Such directors, officers and regular employees
will not be additionally compensated for such solicitation, but may be
reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection therewith. If
undertaken, the expense of such solicitation would be nominal. In addition,
Tellabs has retained ChaseMellon Shareholder Services, L.L.C. to assist in
soliciting proxies and to provide materials to banks, brokerage firms, nominees,
fiduciaries and other custodians. For such services, Tellabs will pay a
customary fee (approximately $6,500) plus reasonable expenses.
REQUIRED VOTE
Approval of the Share Issuance will require the affirmative vote of the
holders of a majority of the shares of Tellabs Common Stock present in person or
by proxy at the Tellabs Special Meeting and entitled to vote on the Share
Issuance (assuming a quorum is present). Broker non-votes and abstentions will
have the effect of a vote against the approval of the Share Issuance.
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SHARE OWNERSHIP OF MANAGEMENT
At the close of business on the Tellabs Record Date, directors and
executive officers of Tellabs beneficially owned and had the right to vote an
aggregate of 21,185,439 shares of the outstanding shares of Tellabs Common Stock
(approximately 11.6% of the shares of Tellabs Common Stock then outstanding).
CIENA SPECIAL MEETING
The CIENA Special Meeting will be held on Friday, August 21, 1998, at the
Harbor Court Hotel located at 550 Light Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, at
11:00 A.M., local time.
PURPOSE
At the CIENA Special Meeting, the stockholders of CIENA will consider and
vote upon a proposal to approve and adopt the Merger Agreement. The stockholders
of CIENA will also consider and take action upon any other business which may
properly be brought before the CIENA Special Meeting.
The CIENA Board believes that the Merger is fair to and in the best
interests of CIENA and its stockholders and has unanimously approved and adopted
the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby. THE CIENA BOARD
UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT THE STOCKHOLDERS OF CIENA VOTE IN FAVOR OF APPROVAL
AND ADOPTION OF THE MERGER AGREEMENT AT THE CIENA SPECIAL MEETING. See "THE
MERGER -- CIENA's Reasons for the Merger; Recommendation of its Board of
Directors."
RECORD DATE; VOTING RIGHTS
Only holders of record of CIENA Common Stock at the close of business on
the CIENA Record Date, July 20, 1998, are entitled to receive notice of and to
vote at the CIENA Special Meeting. At the close of business on the CIENA Record
Date, there were 102,506,531 shares of CIENA Common Stock outstanding, held by
approximately 519 record holders. Each share of CIENA Common Stock entitles the
record holder thereof to one vote.
QUORUM
The holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of CIENA Common Stock
entitled to vote at the CIENA Special Meeting, present in person or represented
by proxy, constitute a quorum.
Shares of CIENA Common Stock represented by proxies which are marked
"abstain" will be counted as shares present for purposes of determining the
presence of a quorum on all matters, as will shares that are represented by
proxies that are executed by any broker, fiduciary or other nominee on behalf of
the beneficial owner(s) thereof regardless of whether authority to vote is
withheld by such broker, fiduciary or nominee on one or more matters. In the
event that a quorum is not present at the CIENA Special Meeting, it is expected
that such meeting will be adjourned to solicit additional proxies.
PROXIES
All shares of CIENA Common Stock represented by properly executed proxies
in the enclosed form which are received in time for the CIENA Special Meeting
and have not been revoked will be voted in accordance with the instructions
indicated by such proxies. If no instructions are indicated, such shares will be
voted FOR the approval and adoption of the Merger Agreement. Brokers who hold
CIENA Common Stock as nominees will not have discretionary authority to vote
such shares in the absence of instructions from the beneficial owners thereof.
Proxies which are marked "abstain" and broker non-votes will have the effect of
a vote AGAINST the approval and adoption of the Merger Agreement.
CIENA does not know of any matter not described in the Notice of CIENA
Special Meeting that is expected to come before the CIENA Special Meeting. If,
however, any other matters are properly presented
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for action at the CIENA Special Meeting, proxies will be voted in the discretion
of the respective proxyholders, unless such authority is withheld.
Any proxy in the enclosed form may be revoked by the stockholder executing
it at any time prior to its exercise by giving written notice thereof to the
Secretary of CIENA at CIENA's principal executive offices, by signing and
returning a later dated proxy or by voting in person at the CIENA Special
Meeting. Attendance at the CIENA Special Meeting will not in and of itself
constitute the revocation of a proxy.
SOLICITATION OF PROXIES
Proxies are being solicited hereby by the CIENA Board on behalf of CIENA.
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the entire cost of proxy solicitation for the
CIENA Special Meeting, including the reasonable expenses of brokers, fiduciaries
and other nominees in forwarding solicitation material to beneficial owners,
will be borne by CIENA, except that Tellabs and CIENA will share equally all
printing expenses, filing fees in connection with this Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus and the Registration Statement and filing fees required to
be paid by Tellabs under the HSR Act. In addition to the use of the mail,
solicitation may be made by telephone or otherwise by directors, officers and
regular employees of CIENA. Such directors, officers and regular employees will
not be additionally compensated for such solicitation, but may be reimbursed for
out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection therewith. If undertaken, the
expense of such solicitation would be nominal. In addition, CIENA has retained
Corporate Investor Communications, Inc. to assist in soliciting proxies and to
provide materials to banks, brokerage firms, nominees, fiduciaries and other
custodians. For such services, CIENA will pay a customary fee (approximately
$10,000) plus reasonable expenses.
REQUIRED VOTE
Approval and adoption of the Merger Agreement will require the affirmative
vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of CIENA Common
Stock entitled to vote thereon. Broker non-votes and abstentions will have the
effect of a vote against the Merger. Stockholders of CIENA who have the right to
vote approximately 4,726,775 shares of CIENA Common Stock at the close of
business on the Record Date (approximately 4.6% of the shares of CIENA Common
Stock then outstanding) have agreed pursuant to the Stockholder Agreements to
vote in favor of approval and adoption of the Merger Agreement at the CIENA
Special Meeting. See "STOCKHOLDER AGREEMENTS".
SHARE OWNERSHIP OF MANAGEMENT
At the close of business on the Record Date, directors and executive
officers of CIENA beneficially owned and had the right to vote an aggregate of
4,876,725 shares of the outstanding shares of CIENA Common Stock (approximately
4.8% of the shares of CIENA Common Stock then outstanding).
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THE MERGER
GENERAL
At the Effective Time of the Merger, Sub will be merged with and into
CIENA, with CIENA continuing as the Surviving Corporation and as a wholly owned
subsidiary of Tellabs, and the separate corporate existence of Sub will cease.
Subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, each share of CIENA
Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than
shares held by CIENA as treasury stock or by its wholly owned subsidiaries or by
Tellabs, which will be canceled), together with any associated preferred stock
purchase rights, will be converted into one share of Tellabs Common Stock. Cash
will be paid in lieu of any fractional share of Tellabs Common Stock. See "THE
MERGER AGREEMENT -- Terms of the Merger" and "-- Fractional Shares."
EFFECTIVE TIME
The Merger will become effective upon the filing of the Certificate of
Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware or at such time
thereafter as may be otherwise provided in the Certificate of Merger. The filing
of the Certificate of Merger will occur not later than the second business day
following the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in the Merger
Agreement. See "THE MERGER AGREEMENT -- Terms of the Merger."
BACKGROUND OF THE MERGER
On March 2, 1998, Michael J. Birck, Tellabs' President and Chief Executive
Officer, met Patrick H. Nettles, CIENA's President and Chief Executive Officer,
at an investor conference in Santa Barbara, California. The two executives had
an informal conversation regarding their respective companies' businesses and
the telecommunications industry.
From March 19 through March 22, 1998, members of CIENA management and the
CIENA Board held an off-site retreat for the purpose of considering strategic
issues relating to the long-term position of CIENA. The discussions included the
possibility of pursuing a strategic combination with another telecommunications
equipment provider in order to address some of the issues raised.
During March and April of 1998, Tellabs undertook a review of strategic
alternatives in the telecommunications industry, including an analysis of
potential acquisitions or combinations. As part of its review, Tellabs conferred
with Goldman Sachs with respect to various alternative transactions.
In late March 1998, representatives of Goldman Sachs telephoned Mr. Nettles
and extended an invitation to Mr. Nettles, on behalf of Mr. Birck, to meet to
discuss a possible business relationship that might be developed between CIENA
and Tellabs. These discussions took place on April 10, 1998 in Baltimore,
Maryland.
On April 15, 1998, Tellabs held a regularly scheduled meeting of the
Tellabs Board during which, among other topics, the Tellabs Board discussed a
variety of strategic transactions, including a possible business combination
with CIENA. At the meeting, the Tellabs Board was furnished with summary
financial information and other background materials prepared by Goldman Sachs
regarding several possible strategic partners, including CIENA. Harvey R. Scull,
Vice President, Advanced Business Development of Tellabs, made a presentation to
the Tellabs Board regarding short-term and long-term strategic goals for
Tellabs. The Tellabs Board authorized management to continue to explore possible
strategic transactions, including business combinations.
Between mid-April 1998 and mid-May 1998, there were high-level meetings
between Mr. Birck and Mr. Nettles regarding the telecommunications equipment
provider industry in general and whether a possible business combination between
Tellabs and CIENA would enhance the combined company's ability to compete in the
rapidly changing environment of this industry. During this period, there were
also exploratory meetings between representatives of Tellabs and CIENA to
discuss product and operational synergies, business and financial strengths and
strategies and to review certain public information regarding the
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companies. As a result of the foregoing discussions, Mr. Nettles and Mr. Birck
determined that an exchange of certain confidential information would be useful.
On May 6, 1998, Mr. Nettles was approached by a member of the senior
management of another telecommunications equipment provider ("Company A") who
indicated an interest in pursuing discussions regarding a possible business
combination. On May 13, 1998, the representative of Company A indicated that
Company A would be interested in pursuing a possible business combination with
CIENA involving an exchange of shares at a premium to the then current CIENA
stock price. Mr. Nettles subsequently communicated the substance of these
contacts to the CIENA Board.
On May 12, 1998, certain members of CIENA's management met with
representatives of Morgan Stanley to discuss Morgan Stanley's qualifications as
financial advisor to CIENA. During the course of those discussions, members of
CIENA management reviewed preliminary analyses of Tellabs prepared by Morgan
Stanley.
On May 14, 1998, Tellabs and CIENA entered into a confidentiality agreement
governing the exchange of non-public information between the parties.
On May 16 and May 17, 1998, certain members of Tellabs and CIENA
management, along with their financial and legal representatives, met near
Chicago, Illinois to discuss each company's financial position, prospects and
perspectives concerning the advantages of a strategic combination. For the next
ten days, Tellabs and CIENA conducted a due diligence investigation of one
another.
On May 17, 1998, a special meeting of the CIENA Board was convened to
discuss on a preliminary basis a potential merger with Tellabs. Mr. Nettles
reviewed the status of discussions with Mr. Birck and the status of the due
diligence review conducted to date between the parties. Mr. Nettles also relayed
to the CIENA Board the substance of the contacts with the representative of
Company A. A discussion among the CIENA Board ensued regarding a possible
strategic business combination with Tellabs. The CIENA Board authorized
management to continue due diligence and directed representatives of Morgan
Stanley to prepare certain financial and business information concerning
Tellabs.
From May 18 through May 20, 1998, as part of its due diligence
investigation, representatives of Tellabs, Goldman Sachs and Ernst & Young LLP
traveled to CIENA's headquarters to review CIENA's financial position, prospects
and the advantages of a strategic combination.
On May 20, 1998, a regularly scheduled meeting of the CIENA Board was held
telephonically. Dan McCurdy, Vice President, Business Development, summarized
the status of the discussions with Tellabs. Morgan Stanley representatives
attended the meeting and presented historical financial and other business
information concerning Tellabs. A discussion among the members of the CIENA
Board ensued regarding Tellabs' financial position and future prospects and
possible advantages of a strategic combination with CIENA.
On May 21, 1998, Mr. Nettles was again approached by the representative of
Company A, who reiterated the interest of Company A in an acquisition of CIENA
at a premium lower than the range of exchange ratios being discussed with
Tellabs at that time. Mr. Nettles was told that Company A believed that CIENA
was in discussions with Tellabs or another party.
On May 21, 1998, Sidley & Austin, counsel to Tellabs, distributed a draft
of the Merger Agreement, the Stock Option Agreement and other related agreements
to CIENA, Morgan Stanley and Hogan & Hartson L.L.P., counsel to CIENA.
On May 23, 1998, CIENA's legal counsel delivered to Tellabs and its legal
counsel comments on the initial draft of the Merger Agreement.
On May 24, 1998, representatives of Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley met at
Goldman Sachs' offices in New York to discuss the financial terms of a potential
business combination.
On May 25 and May 26, 1998, the parties and their respective legal and
financial advisors held various discussions regarding outstanding issues on the
draft Merger Agreement and related documents.
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Between May 25 and May 27, 1998, as part of its due diligence
investigation, representatives of CIENA, Price Waterhouse LLP and Morgan Stanley
traveled to the offices of Tellabs in Lisle and Bolingbrook, Illinois and
conducted a review of Tellabs' financial position, prospects and the advantages
of a strategic combination.
On May 27, 1998, Mr. Birck and Mr. Nettles met in Rosemont, Illinois to
discuss structural, procedural and operational matters with respect to the
proposed transaction. Concurrently with that meeting and continuing through the
following day, representatives of CIENA and Tellabs management, along with their
respective legal and financial advisors, met to discuss the draft Merger
Agreement.
In the afternoon and evening on May 27, 1998, the CIENA Board met to
discuss the proposed Merger. Representatives of Morgan Stanley, Hogan & Hartson
L.L.P. and Price Waterhouse LLP also attended the meeting. At the meeting, Mr.
Nettles reviewed the status of negotiations with Tellabs and the possible
strategic advantages that a business combination offered. He also discussed with
the CIENA Board possible strategic scenarios with a company other than Tellabs,
including a possible business combination with Company A. Representatives of
Price Waterhouse LLP described the results of their financial due diligence of
Tellabs. Representatives of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P. described to the CIENA Board
the fiduciary duties applicable to directors in considering a strategic business
combination. Members of CIENA's management reviewed the compatibility of both
companies' operations, potential benefits of combining sales and marketing and
product development efforts and the comparability of the respective corporate
cultures. Representatives of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P. presented to the CIENA Board
information regarding the proposed terms of the Merger and provided to the
members of the CIENA Board the then current drafts of the Merger Agreement and
the Stock Option Agreement for their review. Representatives of Morgan Stanley
presented publicly available information concerning Tellabs, including financial
information and information on the telecommunications equipment provider
industry. Representatives of Morgan Stanley also presented a preliminary
analysis of certain financial considerations related to the proposed
transaction. A discussion among the members of the CIENA Board ensued regarding
these matters and issues related to the proposed Merger Agreement, Stock Option
Agreement and related documents. The CIENA Board authorized management to
complete due diligence and negotiations regarding documentation and finalize a
proposal for consideration by the CIENA Board.
On May 28, 1998, the Tellabs Board met with its financial and legal
advisors to discuss the status of negotiations and the financial and legal terms
of the proposed Merger. Representatives of Goldman Sachs, Sidley & Austin and
Ernst & Young LLP also attended the meeting. At the meeting, Tellabs' counsel
provided each member of the Tellabs Board with the then current draft of the
Merger Agreement and the Stock Option Agreement, reviewed the terms of the
agreements and presented other information concerning the proposed transaction.
Representatives of Sidley & Austin described to the Tellabs Board the fiduciary
duties applicable to directors in considering a strategic business combination.
Representatives of Goldman Sachs presented an analysis of certain financial
considerations of the proposed transaction. Representatives of senior management
presented a report to the Tellabs Board regarding the due diligence
investigation of CIENA and management's financial and business analysis of the
proposed transaction. A discussion among the members of the Tellabs Board ensued
regarding these matters and issues related to the proposed Merger Agreement,
Stock Option Agreement and related documents. The Tellabs Board authorized
management to complete due diligence and negotiations regarding documentation
and finalize a proposal for consideration by the Tellabs Board.
In the evening on May 28 and on May 29, 1998, negotiations on the draft
Merger Agreement continued at the offices of Sidley & Austin in Chicago,
Illinois.
On May 30, 1998, Mr. Birck and Mr. Nettles discussed certain key issues
relating to the proposed Merger and agreed to meet in person the following day.
Mr. Birck and Mr. Nettles met the following day in Maryland in an effort to
resolve these issues.
On June 1 and June 2, 1998, negotiations recommenced on the draft Merger
Agreement, the Stock Option Agreement and related agreements at the offices of
Sidley & Austin in Chicago, Illinois and the parties finalized such
documentation.
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In the late afternoon on June 2, 1998, the Tellabs Board held a special
meeting by telephone conference and considered the proposed Merger Agreement,
the Stock Option Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby. Mr. Birck
summarized the status of negotiations. Counsel to Tellabs reviewed with the
Tellabs directors the final changes to the Merger Agreement and the Stock Option
Agreement and related agreements (drafts of which had been provided to the
members of the Tellabs Board). Representatives of Goldman Sachs described the
financial analysis performed by Goldman Sachs with respect to the possible
combination with CIENA and then delivered the oral opinion of Goldman Sachs,
later confirmed in writing, to the effect that, as of June 2, 1998, the Exchange
Ratio was fair to Tellabs from a financial point of view. Following discussion,
the Tellabs Board then concluded that the Merger was in the best interests of
Tellabs and unanimously approved the Merger Agreement, the Stock Option
Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby (including the Share
Issuance), authorized the officers of Tellabs to enter into the Merger
Agreement, the Stock Option Agreement and related agreements and recommended the
approval of the Share Issuance by the holders of Tellabs Common Stock.
A telephonic meeting of the CIENA Board was held in the early evening of
June 2, 1998. Mr. Nettles summarized the status of negotiations and valuation
issues relevant to negotiation of a mutually acceptable exchange ratio.
Representatives of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P. reported on the substantive completion
of the Merger Agreement, a draft of which had been provided to the members of
the CIENA Board, and the resolution of remaining issues regarding the Merger
Agreement, the Stock Option Agreement and related agreements. Representatives of
Morgan Stanley described the financial analysis prepared by Morgan Stanley with
respect to the possible combination with Tellabs and then delivered the oral
opinion of Morgan Stanley, later confirmed in writing, to the effect that, as of
June 2, 1998, the Exchange Ratio was fair, from a financial point of view, to
the stockholders of CIENA. Following discussion, all members of the CIENA Board
present concluded that the Merger was in the best interests of CIENA and
unanimously approved the Merger Agreement, the Stock Option Agreement and the
related agreements with Tellabs, authorized management to execute the Merger
Agreement, the Stock Option Agreement and related agreements and recommended the
approval and adoption of the Merger Agreement by the holders of CIENA Common
Stock.
Immediately following the meeting of the CIENA Board, each of CIENA,
Tellabs and Sub executed and delivered the Merger Agreement. The execution of
the Merger Agreement was announced on the morning of June 3, 1998 by issuance of
a joint press release by Tellabs and CIENA.
TELLABS' REASONS FOR THE MERGER; RECOMMENDATION OF ITS BOARD OF DIRECTORS
At a meeting held on June 2, 1998, the Tellabs Board unanimously determined
that the Merger is fair to and in the best interests of Tellabs and its
stockholders and approved the Merger Agreement, the Merger and the other
transactions contemplated thereby and resolved to recommend that the
stockholders of Tellabs vote in favor of the Share Issuance. In reaching these
conclusions, the Tellabs Board considered, with the assistance of management and
Tellabs' financial and legal advisors, a number of factors, including the
following:
(i) The results of operations, financial condition, business and
competitive position of Tellabs and CIENA, both on a historical and
prospective basis, their respective strategic business plans and various
challenges and opportunities facing Tellabs and CIENA in executing their
business plans;
(ii) The oral opinion of Goldman Sachs to the Tellabs Board on June 2,
1998 (later confirmed in writing) to the effect that, as of such date, the
Exchange Ratio was fair to Tellabs from a financial point of view;
(iii) The historical market prices of Tellabs Common Stock and CIENA
Common Stock;
(iv) The judgment, advice and analysis of Tellabs' management,
including the results of management's and Tellabs' advisors due diligence
investigation;
(v) The potential synergies from the combination of Tellabs and CIENA,
especially the potential of each of Tellabs and CIENA to cross-sell its
products to the other's customers, the potential financial and
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operating efficiencies that could result from the combined operation, as
well as the challenges that exist in realizing these benefits from the
Merger;
(vi) The product and technology fit between the companies, which will
give the combined company a broader range of products to offer to
customers;
(vii) The complementary sales channels of the two companies, with
Tellabs' customer relationships with many of the regional Bell operating
companies ("RBOCs"), inter-exchange carriers ("IXCs"), competitive local
exchange carriers ("CLECs") and other carriers which it has developed over
the past 20 years complementing CIENA's relationships with the same IXCs
and its developing relationships with the RBOCs and CLECs;
(viii) The respective corporate cultures of the two companies, which
promote growth and performance and turning new technologies into
manufacturable, cost-effective products;
(ix) The terms of the Merger Agreement, the Stock Option Agreement and
the Stockholders Agreements; and
(x) The contemplated accounting treatment of the Merger as a pooling
of interests.
The foregoing discussion of the information and factors considered and
given weight by the Tellabs Board is not intended to be exhaustive. In view of
the variety of factors considered in connection with its evaluation of the
Merger, the Tellabs Board did not find it practicable to and did not quantify or
otherwise assign relative weights to the specific factors considered in reaching
its determination. In addition, individual members of the Tellabs Board may have
given different weights to different factors.
THE TELLABS BOARD HAS UNANIMOUSLY APPROVED AND ADOPTED THE MERGER AGREEMENT
AND THE SHARE ISSUANCE AND THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED THEREBY AND THE TELLABS
BOARD UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT STOCKHOLDERS OF TELLABS VOTE "FOR" THE SHARE
ISSUANCE.
OPINION OF TELLABS' FINANCIAL ADVISOR
On June 2, 1998, Goldman Sachs delivered its written opinion to the Tellabs
Board that, as of the date of such opinion, the Exchange Ratio pursuant to the
Merger Agreement was fair from a financial point of view to Tellabs.
THE FULL TEXT OF THE WRITTEN OPINION OF GOLDMAN SACHS DATED JUNE 2, 1998,
WHICH SETS FORTH ASSUMPTIONS MADE, MATTERS CONSIDERED AND LIMITATIONS ON THE
REVIEW UNDERTAKEN IN CONNECTION WITH THE OPINION, IS ATTACHED HERETO AS ANNEX B
TO THIS JOINT PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS AND IS INCORPORATED HEREIN BY
REFERENCE. STOCKHOLDERS OF TELLABS ARE URGED TO, AND SHOULD, READ SUCH OPINION
IN ITS ENTIRETY.
In connection with its opinion, Goldman Sachs reviewed, among other things,
(i) the Merger Agreement; (ii) the Annual Reports to Stockholders and Annual
Reports on Form 10-K of CIENA for the fiscal year ended October 31, 1997 and of
Tellabs for the five years ended January 2, 1998; (iii) the Prospectus relating
to the initial public offering of CIENA Common Stock, dated February 7, 1997;
the Prospectus relating to the offering of CIENA Common Stock, dated July 2,
1997; (iv) certain interim reports to stockholders and Quarterly Reports on Form
10-Q of CIENA and Tellabs; (v) certain other communications from CIENA and
Tellabs to their respective stockholders; (vi) certain internal financial
analyses and forecasts for CIENA prepared by the management of CIENA; and (vii)
certain internal financial analyses and forecasts for CIENA and Tellabs prepared
by the management of Tellabs. Goldman Sachs also held discussions with members
of the senior management of CIENA and Tellabs regarding the strategic rationale
for, and the potential benefits of, the transaction contemplated by the Merger
Agreement and the past and current business operations, financial condition and
future prospects of their respective companies. In addition, Goldman Sachs
reviewed the reported price and trading activity for Tellabs Common Stock and
CIENA Common Stock, compared certain financial and stock market information for
CIENA and Tellabs with similar information for certain other companies the
securities of which are publicly traded, reviewed the
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financial terms of certain recent business combinations in the communications
equipment industry specifically and in other industries generally and performed
such other studies and analyses as it considered appropriate.
Goldman Sachs relied upon the accuracy and completeness of all of the
financial and other information reviewed by it and assumed such accuracy and
completeness for purposes of rendering its opinion. In that regard, Goldman
Sachs assumed, with the consent of Tellabs, that the financial forecasts,
including, without limitation, cost savings and operating synergies projected by
Tellabs to result from the transaction contemplated by the Merger Agreement,
were reasonably prepared on a basis reflecting the best currently available
estimates and judgments of Tellabs and that such forecasts would be realized in
the amounts and at the times contemplated thereby. In addition, Goldman Sachs
did not make an independent evaluation or appraisal of the assets and
liabilities of CIENA or Tellabs or any of their subsidiaries and Goldman Sachs
was not furnished with any such evaluation or appraisal. Goldman Sachs also
assumed with Tellabs' consent that the transaction contemplated by the Merger
Agreement would be accounted for as a pooling-of-interests under generally
accepted accounting principles. Goldman Sachs' advisory services and the opinion
of Goldman Sachs referred to herein were provided for the information and
assistance of the Tellabs Board in connection with its consideration of the
transaction contemplated by the Merger Agreement and such opinion does not
constitute a recommendation as to how any holder of Tellabs Common Stock should
vote with respect to such transaction.
The following is a summary of certain of the financial analyses used by
Goldman Sachs in connection with providing its written opinion to the Tellabs
Board on June 2, 1998.
(i) Historical Stock Trading Analysis. Goldman Sachs reviewed the
historical trading prices and volumes for CIENA Common Stock and Tellabs
Common Stock. In addition, Goldman Sachs analyzed the consideration to be
received by holders of CIENA Common Stock pursuant to the Merger Agreement
in relation to the June 1, 1998 market price of CIENA Common Stock and the
one-week prior, four-week prior and 52-week high market prices of CIENA
Common Stock. Such analysis indicated that the price per share of CIENA
Common Stock to be paid pursuant to the Merger Agreement represented a
premium of 28% based on the June 1, 1998 market price of $51.38 per share
of CIENA Common Stock, 34% based on the one-week prior market price of
$49.25 per share of CIENA Common Stock, 20% based on the four- week prior
market price of $54.88 per share of CIENA Common Stock and 6% based on the
52 week high market price of $62.00 per share of CIENA Common Stock. For
purposes of its analysis, Goldman Sachs used a price for Tellabs Common
Stock of $65.81, which was the closing price of Tellabs Common Stock on
June 1, 1998.
(ii) Selected Companies Analysis. Goldman Sachs reviewed and compared
certain financial information relating to CIENA to corresponding financial
information, ratios and public market multiples for fifteen publicly traded
corporations: ADC Telecommunications, Inc., Advanced Fibre Communications,
Inc., DSC Communications Corporation, ECI Telecom Ltd., Premisys
Communications, Inc., RELTEC Corporation, Alcatel Alsthom, Lucent
Technologies, Inc., Northern Telecom Ltd., Siemens AG, Ascend
Communications, Inc., Bay Networks, Inc., Cisco Systems, Inc., Newbridge
Networks Corporation and 3Com Corporation (the "Selected Companies"). The
Selected Companies were chosen because they are publicly-traded companies
that operate in the communications equipment industry. Goldman Sachs
calculated and compared various financial multiples and ratios. The
multiples of CIENA were calculated using a price of $51.38 per share, the
closing price of CIENA Common Stock on Nasdaq on June 1, 1998. The
multiples and ratios for CIENA were based on information provided by
Tellabs management and the multiples for each of the Selected Companies
were based on the most recent publicly available information. With respect
to the Selected Companies, Goldman Sachs considered levered market
capitalization (i.e., market value of common equity plus estimated market
value of debt less cash) as a multiple of latest twelve months ("LTM")
sales and as a multiple of LTM earnings before interest, taxes,
depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA"). Goldman Sachs' analyses of the
Selected Companies indicated levered multiples of LTM sales, which ranged
from 0.5x to 10.5x, LTM EBITDA, which ranged from 5.4x to 48.9x, compared
to levered multiples of 10.8x and 24.6x, respectively, for CIENA. Goldman
Sachs also considered for the Selected Companies calendar year 1997
price/earnings ratios, which ranged from 16.6x to 80.6x compared to 39.2x
for CIENA; estimated calendar year 1998
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and 1999 price/earnings ratios (based on median estimates provided by
Institutional Brokers Estimate System), which ranged from 15.5x to 49.2x
for estimated calendar year 1998 and 13.1x to 33.7x for estimated calendar
year 1999 compared to 36.4x and 26.6x, respectively, for CIENA; five-year
EPS growth rate (provided by Institutional Brokers Estimate System) ranging
from 13% to 43% compared to 43% for CIENA; and estimated calendar year 1999
price/earnings to five-year EPS growth ratios, which ranged from 0.6x to
1.9x compared to 0.6x for CIENA.
(iii) Discounted Cash Flow Analysis. Goldman Sachs performed a
discounted cash flow analysis using Tellabs' management projections for
CIENA, including estimated synergies. Goldman Sachs calculated a net
present value of free cash flows for the years 1998 through 2002 using
discount rates ranging from 16% to 20%. Goldman Sachs calculated CIENA's
terminal values in the year 2002 based on estimated forward price/earnings
multiples ranging from 28x to 32x. These terminal values were then
discounted to present value using discount rates ranging from 16% to 20%.
Based on the foregoing analyses, the implied per share values for CIENA
Common Stock, including estimated synergies, ranged from $83.10 to $117.10.
(iv) Selected Transactions Analysis. Goldman Sachs analyzed certain
information relating to 18 selected transactions in the communications
equipment industry since 1993 (the "Selected Transactions"). Such analysis
indicated that for the Selected Transactions (i) levered aggregate
consideration as a multiple of LTM sales ranged from 1.0x to 30.2x, as
compared to 13.7x for the levered aggregate consideration to be paid in the
Merger, (ii) the multiple of LTM net income ranged from 21.6x to 109.5x, as
compared to 52.6x for the equity consideration to be paid in the Merger,
and (iii) the multiple of projected net income ranged from 15.3x to 49.4x,
as compared to 34.1x for the equity consideration to be paid in the Merger.
(v) Pro Forma Merger Analysis. Goldman Sachs prepared pro forma
analyses of the financial impact of the Merger. Using earnings estimates
for CIENA prepared by Tellabs management for the years 1998 and 1999 and
earnings estimates for CIENA and Tellabs based upon estimates published by
securities research analysts in the investment community for such years,
Goldman Sachs compared the earnings per share ("EPS") of Tellabs Common
Stock, on a stand-alone basis, to the EPS of the common stock of the
combined companies on a pro forma basis. Goldman Sachs performed this
analysis based on a price of $65.81 per share (the per share price of
Tellabs on June 1, 1998) of Tellabs Common Stock and $51.38 per share (the
per share price of CIENA on June 1, 1998) of CIENA Common Stock under the
following two scenarios: with and without estimated 1999 after-tax
synergies. Based on such analyses, without such synergies the proposed
transaction would be dilutive to Tellabs stockholders on an earnings per
share basis in both 1998 and 1999. With such synergies, the proposed
transaction would be accretive to Tellabs stockholders in 1999.
(vi) Contribution Analysis. Goldman Sachs reviewed certain historical
and estimated future operating and financial information (including, among
other things, sales and net income) for Tellabs, CIENA and the pro forma
combined entity resulting from the Merger based on Tellabs' financial
forecasts for CIENA and financial forecasts for Tellabs based on estimates
published by securities research analysts in the investment community
(assuming the consummation of the Coherent Merger (as defined herein) on
June 30, 1998). The analysis indicated that the CIENA stockholders would
receive 35.1% of the outstanding common equity of the combined company
after the Merger. Goldman Sachs also analyzed the relative income statement
contribution of Tellabs and CIENA to the combined company on a pro forma
basis based on a scenario assuming after-tax cost savings and operating
synergies ("synergies"), and before taking into account any of the other
possible benefits that may be realized in the Merger. This analysis
indicated that in 1998, without synergies, CIENA would have contributed
31.3% to combined revenues and 31.1% to combined net income, and in 1999,
CIENA would have contributed 33.0% to combined revenues and 31.0% to
combined net income. The analysis also indicated that, with 100% of such
synergies, CIENA would have contributed 36.3% to combined net income in
1999.
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The preparation of a fairness opinion is a complex process and is not
necessarily susceptible to partial analysis or summary description. Selecting
portions of the analyses or of the summary set forth above, without considering
the analyses as a whole, could create an incomplete view of the processes
underlying Goldman Sachs' opinion. In arriving at its fairness determination,
Goldman Sachs considered the results of all such analyses. No company or
transaction used in the above analyses as a comparison is directly comparable to
Tellabs or CIENA or the contemplated transaction. The analyses were prepared
solely for purposes of Goldman Sachs' providing its opinion to the Tellabs Board
as to the fairness from a financial point of view of the Exchange Ratio to
Tellabs and do not purport to be appraisals or necessarily reflect the prices at
which businesses or securities actually may be sold. Analyses based upon
forecasts of future results are not necessarily indicative of actual future
results, which may be significantly more or less favorable than suggested by
such analyses. Because such analyses are inherently subject to uncertainty,
being based upon numerous factors or events beyond the control of the parties or
their respective advisors, none of Tellabs, CIENA, Goldman Sachs or any other
person assumes responsibility if future results are materially different from
those forecast. As described above, Goldman Sachs' opinion to the Tellabs Board
was one of many factors taken into consideration by the Tellabs Board in making
its determination to approve the Merger Agreement. The foregoing summary does
not purport to be a complete description of the analysis performed by Goldman
Sachs and is qualified by reference to the written opinion of Goldman Sachs set
forth in Annex B hereto.
Goldman Sachs, as part of its investment banking business, is continually
engaged in the valuation of businesses and their securities in connection with
mergers and acquisitions, negotiated underwritings, competitive biddings,
secondary distributions of listed and unlisted securities, private placements
and valuations for estate, corporate and other purposes. Goldman Sachs is
familiar with Tellabs having provided certain investment banking services to
Tellabs from time to time, including acting as Tellabs' financial advisor in
connection with its pending acquisition of Coherent Communications Systems
Corporation ("Coherent") and having acted as financial advisor in connection
with, and having participated in certain of the negotiations leading to, the
Merger Agreement. Goldman Sachs has also provided certain investment banking
services to CIENA from time to time, including having acted as the lead
underwriter of its initial public offering of 5,000,000 shares of CIENA Common
Stock in February 1997 and of its offering of 9,110,622 shares of CIENA Common
Stock in July 1997. Tellabs selected Goldman Sachs as its financial advisor
because it is a nationally recognized investment banking firm that has
substantial experience in transactions similar to the Merger.
Goldman Sachs provides a full range of financial advisory and securities
services and in the course of its normal trading activities may from time to
time effect transactions and hold securities, including derivative securities,
of Tellabs or CIENA for its own account and for the account of customers.
Pursuant to a letter agreement dated April 3, 1998 (the "Goldman Sachs
Engagement Letter"), Tellabs engaged Goldman Sachs to act as its financial
advisor in connection with the Merger. Pursuant to the terms of the Goldman
Sachs Engagement Letter, Tellabs paid Goldman Sachs $5,000,000 upon the signing
of the Merger Agreement and has agreed to pay Goldman Sachs upon consummation of
the Merger a transaction fee equal to the lesser of (i) $20,000,000 or (ii)
0.25% of the aggregate consideration paid in such transaction, less any fees
already paid pursuant to the Goldman Sachs Engagement Letter. Tellabs has also
agreed to reimburse Goldman Sachs for its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses,
including attorney's fees, and to indemnify Goldman Sachs against certain
liabilities, including certain liabilities under the federal securities laws.
CIENA'S REASONS FOR THE MERGER; RECOMMENDATION OF ITS BOARD OF DIRECTORS
CIENA's relatively brief operating history has been marked by very rapid
growth, driven by having been first to market with high capacity, open
architecture DWDM systems at a time when telecommunications traffic was just
starting to experience substantial and accelerating demand for capacity. CIENA's
DWDM focus enabled it to market itself as a "best of breed" vendor to
established carriers like Sprint Corporation ("Sprint") and LDDS WorldCom
("WorldCom"); however, CIENA's initial focus on long distance applications for
DWDM systems necessarily meant that CIENA's business would be characterized by
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significant customer concentration. In CIENA's first full fiscal year of
operations ending October 31, 1997, in excess of 97% of its revenues were
derived from Sprint and WorldCom.
CIENA has been aggressively pursuing internal efforts to broaden its DWDM
product offerings beyond the long distance application, and thereby to broaden
its customer base. Customer concentration remains, however, a material risk of
CIENA's business, and this aspect was made evident in February 1998, when
WorldCom announced a change in purchasing practices which significantly reduced
WorldCom's previously anticipated level of purchasing from CIENA over a period
of at least several months. While CIENA proved able in its second fiscal quarter
ended April 30, 1998 to largely offset the sudden decline in purchasing from
WorldCom with increased purchases from other customers, the risk associated with
CIENA's customer concentration evidenced by WorldCom's announcement, the
volatility in CIENA's stock price and the potential resulting adverse effect on
CIENA's industry standing with customers and competitors are, in the view of the
CIENA Board, significant factors affecting the company's future prospects.
Additionally, CIENA's ability, with only a DWDM-based product line, to achieve
prompt recovery from the WorldCom shortfall (or any other major unanticipated
shortfall) has led and could continue to lead to increased pressure on margins
as the company is forced to move aggressively to conclude offsetting new sales.
Finally, the significant customer concentration of CIENA's business, in
combination with the substantial investment in product customization and
personnel necessary to serve major customers, leaves the company vulnerable to
increasing pressure on operating margins if, as has been the case with AT&T
Corp., the process of developing the major prospective customer into a
revenue-generating customer takes longer than anticipated.
Against the backdrop of WorldCom's February 1998 announcement and its
various implications on the company as discussed above, members of CIENA's
senior management, together with Board member Stephen Bradley, a professor of
strategic planning at Harvard Business School, met from March 19 to March 22 to
address the strategic direction and alternatives for the company. Industry
trends, customer feedback and data, and selected competitor activities were
examined and discussed in detail. Some important conclusions were:
- Cost-effective solutions for transporting and managing the bandwidth in
customer networks are increasingly critical, particularly as data traffic
begins to dominate voice traffic;
- Solutions will not necessarily be dependent on the existing
telecommunications infrastructure that was built and optimized for voice
traffic;
- Depending on the customer, both "evolutionary" and "revolutionary"
approaches would be taken to meet the network bandwidth requirements --
e.g., among traditional industry participants, movement toward innovative
data services would likely be more evolutionary, building on the existing
"CLASS 5" infrastructure that is the foundation for the existing voice
network, while new, emerging carriers, such as CLECs, will quickly build
innovative, revolutionary new data networks, with cost efficiencies and
flexibility which will serve as a catalyst to more traditional players to
move their networks toward a more data-centric model; and
- CIENA's optical networking expertise and market position should have
sustained value under either evolutionary or revolutionary scenarios, and
could have an industry-shaping influence--but both the sustainability of
the value and the ability to influence the industry could be difficult to
maintain or achieve as an independent, stand-alone company.
In the face of these conclusions, and the trend of the intensely
competitive telecommunications equipment provider industry toward rapid
consolidation, senior management formed the view that a strategic combination
with another telecommunications equipment provider that could enable CIENA to be
better positioned to compete in such an environment was desirable.
Following the March meetings, Messrs. Nettles and Birck discussed the
possibilities of combining the two companies. See "-- Background of the Merger."
These discussions led members of CIENA management to conclude that a combination
with Tellabs not only offered CIENA the ability to broaden its customer base and
product line, but offered the combined company the ability to simultaneously
participate in both the "evolutionary" movement of the industry and the
"revolutionary" movement, particularly the ability to
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directly link ATM and IP traffic to the WDM transport layer through short-reach
interfaces. As discussions and due diligence investigations proceeded with
Tellabs, further synergies, opportunities and advantages were identified.
The CIENA Board believes that a combination of CIENA and Tellabs is the
best way to implement a long-term strategy toward becoming a leading
telecommunications systems provider. The CIENA Board considered the following
strategic and tactical reasons for the Merger:
- The Merger will result in a combined company with significantly greater
resources, a broader multi-technology product offering and greater sales
and marketing capabilities than those of CIENA alone, thereby enabling
the combined company to compete more effectively with competitors having
greater resources and broader product offerings than CIENA alone.
- CIENA currently derives all of its revenue from its DWDM products. Demand
for these products is characterized by large orders from a limited number
of customers. The Merger with Tellabs will provide CIENA with the benefit
of Tellabs' broad, established customer base and stable revenue base.
- CIENA believes that its future success is dependent, in part, on its
ability to quickly bring new and diversified products to market. The
combined company is expected to provide a more complete portfolio of
bandwidth creation and management products than CIENA can provide alone.
- The complementary rather than overlapping nature of the CIENA and Tellabs
respective product lines and product development efforts, coupled with
the perceived cultural fit between the companies, will enable the
combined company to accelerate product development and achieve a
time-to-market advantage by combining CIENA's capabilities in creating
bandwidth with Tellabs' abilities to manage bandwidth.
- The Merger will provide CIENA with the potential to expand the market
presence of CIENA's products globally through a larger combined sales
force and geographically through more extensive sales channels.
Specifically, CIENA expects to benefit from Tellabs' relationships with
the RBOCs, CLECs and international carriers.
- Key members of CIENA's management team will have significant roles in the
combined company.
In reaching its decision to approve the Merger and to recommend that the
CIENA stockholders vote to approve the Merger, the CIENA Board also considered,
in addition to other matters, the following factors:
(i) The effect on stockholder value of a combination with Tellabs, in
light of the financial condition and prospects of CIENA and Tellabs and the
current economic and industry environment, and other possible strategic
alternatives for CIENA, including potential business combinations with
industry participants other than Tellabs. In particular, the CIENA Board
discussed the possibilities of potential combinations with other companies
in the telecommunications industry and concluded that no other combination
appeared likely to provide products, technology, culture and market
position as complementary to CIENA's business as Tellabs, and that
potential combinations considered with other third parties could involve
substantially more risk to CIENA's stockholders than a combination with
Tellabs;
(ii) the historical performance of the common stock of CIENA and
Tellabs. The CIENA Board viewed this factor favorably and determined that
it supported the Exchange Ratio and the conclusion that the Merger is fair
to CIENA stockholders from a financial standpoint;
(iii) the results of the due diligence investigations by CIENA's
management and its legal, financial and accounting advisors concerning the
business, technology, products, operations, financial condition and
prospects of Tellabs, and the opinion of Morgan Stanley that the Exchange
Ratio, as of the date of such opinion, was fair to the stockholders of
CIENA from a financial point of view;
(iv) the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, including the
consideration to be received by the stockholders of CIENA, the restrictions
relating to solicitation of third-party proposals, including the provisions
that prohibit CIENA and its directors, officers, employees and
representatives from soliciting or encouraging any alternative proposals
or, subject to the fiduciary duties of its board of
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directors, from negotiating with any third party with respect to an
alternative proposal, the termination provisions and the size, nature and
events that would trigger the payment of the termination fee. The CIENA
Board determined that the terms of the Merger Agreement were, overall,
favorable to the stockholders of CIENA. The CIENA Board recognized that the
provisions limiting CIENA from soliciting or encouraging alternative
proposals and the termination fee provisions would decrease the likelihood
that a third party would offer to acquire CIENA. Nonetheless, the CIENA
Board felt that such provisions were in the best interests of the CIENA
stockholders because they enhanced the likelihood that the Merger would be
accomplished. The CIENA Board considered whether it was in the best
interest of the CIENA stockholders to pursue other strategic alternatives,
including a sale of CIENA, or remain an independent company. The CIENA
Board decided that the proposed Merger best addressed the interests of the
CIENA stockholders because of the strategic benefits of the Merger, and
because effectuation of the Merger would provide the CIENA stockholders
with the benefits inherent in continued stock ownership in the combined
company;
(v) the terms and conditions of the Stock Option Agreement. The CIENA
Board viewed this agreement favorably, because although the CIENA Board
recognized that this agreement would decrease the likelihood that a third
party would offer to acquire CIENA, the CIENA Board felt that the existence
of this agreement would enhance the likelihood that the Merger would be
consummated;
(vi) the compatibility of the respective business philosophies and
corporate cultures of CIENA and Tellabs, which the CIENA Board believed was
important for the successful integration of the companies;
(vii) the post-merger composition of senior management and the board
of directors. The CIENA Board viewed this factor favorably and determined
that it would provide the CIENA stockholders with the benefit of some
continuity at the Board and management levels;
(viii) the impact of the Merger on CIENA's customers, employees and
suppliers, especially the potential effect of the Merger on CIENA
employees, including compensation, benefits and responsibilities; and
(ix) the possibility of achieving synergies, operating efficiencies
and cost savings as a result of consummating the Merger and the likelihood
that significant quarterly fluctuations in earnings would decrease as a
result of the combination. The CIENA Board viewed these factors favorably,
because such synergies, efficiencies, savings and decreased volatility
would benefit the stockholders of CIENA and should be reflected in the
future stock performance of Tellabs.
In connection with its approval and recommendation, the CIENA Board also
considered the following potential negative aspects and risks associated with
the Merger:
(i) the business risk associated with the ongoing businesses of CIENA
and Tellabs, including risks associated with increased competition in the
telecommunications service provider industry;
(ii) the possibility that the integration of the businesses and
management teams of CIENA and Tellabs would not proceed as planned, and the
desired synergies would therefore not be achieved;
(iii) the risk that despite the best efforts of the combined company,
key technical, marketing and management personnel might not choose to
remain employed by the combined company;
(iv) the acceleration of certain CIENA options as a result of the
transaction and the risk that one or more members of the management of
CIENA who hold such options might choose to terminate employment following
consummation of the Merger;
(v) those provisions of the Merger Agreement and Stock Option
Agreement which would require CIENA to pay a termination fee and to permit
Tellabs to purchase up to 19.9% of CIENA's shares under the Stock Option
Agreement should CIENA ultimately be acquired by a third party. The CIENA
Board recognized that the provisions were typical to transactions of this
type and that they were necessary in order to induce Tellabs to enter into
the Merger Agreement; and
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(vi) the fixed Exchange Ratio will not be adjusted in the event of an
increase or decrease in the market price of Tellabs Common Stock or CIENA
Common Stock. While the CIENA Board recognized that fixed merger
consideration could have a negative effect on stockholders of CIENA if the
market price of Tellabs Common Stock declined relative to the market price
of CIENA Common Stock, the CIENA Board recognized that fixed merger
consideration in a transaction of this type is not unusual, and could in
fact benefit the stockholders of CIENA if the market price of CIENA Common
Stock declined relative to the market price of Tellabs Common Stock.
After taking into consideration all of the factors set forth above,
together with an analysis of the presentations of management, Morgan Stanley,
Price Waterhouse LLP and legal counsel, the CIENA Board has unanimously
determined that the Merger is fair to and in the best interest of CIENA and its
stockholders.
THE CIENA BOARD HAS UNANIMOUSLY APPROVED AND ADOPTED THE MERGER AGREEMENT
AND THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED THEREBY AND THE CIENA BOARD UNANIMOUSLY
RECOMMENDS THAT STOCKHOLDERS OF CIENA VOTE "FOR" THE APPROVAL AND ADOPTION OF
THE MERGER AGREEMENT.
OPINION OF CIENA'S FINANCIAL ADVISOR
Pursuant to a letter agreement dated as of May 14, 1998 (the "Morgan
Stanley Engagement Letter"), Morgan Stanley was engaged to provide financial
advisory services in connection with the Merger. Morgan Stanley was selected by
the CIENA Board to act as its financial advisor based on Morgan Stanley's
qualifications, expertise and reputation, as well as its knowledge of the
business and affairs of CIENA. On June 2, 1998, Morgan Stanley rendered its
written opinion to the CIENA Board to the effect that, as of such date, based
upon and subject to the various considerations set forth in the opinion, the
Exchange Ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement was fair from a financial point
of view to the holders of shares of CIENA Common Stock.
THE FULL TEXT OF THE WRITTEN OPINION OF MORGAN STANLEY DATED JUNE 2, 1998,
WHICH SETS FORTH, AMONG OTHER THINGS, ASSUMPTIONS MADE, PROCEDURES FOLLOWED,
MATTERS CONSIDERED AND LIMITATIONS ON THE SCOPE OF THE REVIEW UNDERTAKEN BY
MORGAN STANLEY IN RENDERING ITS OPINION, IS ATTACHED AS ANNEX C TO THIS JOINT
PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS. CIENA STOCKHOLDERS ARE URGED TO, AND SHOULD, READ
THE OPINION CAREFULLY AND IN ITS ENTIRETY. MORGAN STANLEY'S OPINION IS DIRECTED
TO THE CIENA BOARD AND ADDRESSES ONLY THE FAIRNESS OF THE EXCHANGE RATIO
PURSUANT TO THE MERGER AGREEMENT FROM A FINANCIAL POINT OF VIEW AS OF THE DATE
OF THE OPINION, AND DOES NOT ADDRESS ANY OTHER ASPECT OF THE MERGER AND DOES NOT
CONSTITUTE A RECOMMENDATION TO ANY HOLDER OF CIENA COMMON STOCK AS TO HOW TO
VOTE AT THE CIENA SPECIAL MEETING. THE SUMMARY OF THE OPINION OF MORGAN STANLEY
SET FORTH IN THIS JOINT PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS IS QUALIFIED IN ITS ENTIRETY
BY REFERENCE TO THE FULL TEXT OF SUCH OPINION.
In connection with rendering its opinion, Morgan Stanley, among other
things: (i) reviewed certain publicly available financial statements and other
information of CIENA and Tellabs, respectively; (ii) discussed certain internal
financial statements and other financial and operating data concerning CIENA and
Tellabs prepared by the managements of CIENA and Tellabs, respectively; (iii)
discussed the past and current operations and financial condition and the
prospects of CIENA, including information relating to certain strategic,
financial and operational benefits anticipated from the Merger, with senior
executives of CIENA; (iv) discussed the past and current operations and
financial condition and the prospects of Tellabs, including information relating
to certain strategic, financial and operational benefits anticipated from the
Merger, with senior executives of Tellabs; (v) reviewed the pro forma impact of
the Merger on the earnings per share of Tellabs; (vi) reviewed the reported
prices and trading activity for the CIENA Common Stock and the Tellabs Common
Stock; (vii) compared the financial performance of CIENA and Tellabs and the
prices and trading activity of the CIENA Common Stock and Tellabs Common Stock
with that of certain
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other publicly traded companies and their securities; (viii) reviewed the
financial terms, to the extent publicly available, of certain comparable
transactions; (ix) discussed with the senior managements of CIENA and Tellabs
their strategic rationale for the Merger and certain alternatives to the Merger;
(x) participated in discussions and negotiations among representatives of CIENA
and Tellabs and their financial and legal advisors; (xi) reviewed the Merger
Agreement and certain related agreements; and (xii) performed such other studies
and analyses and considered such other factors as Morgan Stanley deemed
appropriate.
Morgan Stanley assumed and relied upon, without independent verification,
the accuracy and completeness of the information reviewed by it for the purposes
of its opinion. With respect to the internal financial statements and other
financial and operating data and discussions relating to the strategic,
financial and operational benefits anticipated from the Merger provided by CIENA
and Tellabs, Morgan Stanley assumed that they were reasonably prepared on bases
reflecting the best then currently available estimates and judgments of the
prospects of CIENA and Tellabs, respectively. Morgan Stanley relied upon the
assessment by the managements of CIENA and Tellabs of their ability to retain
key employees of both CIENA and Tellabs. Morgan Stanley also relied upon,
without independent verification, the assessment by the managements of CIENA and
Tellabs of CIENA's and Tellabs' technologies and products, the timing and risks
associated with the integration of CIENA and Tellabs, and the validity of, and
risks associated with, CIENA's and Tellabs' existing and future products and
technologies. Morgan Stanley did not make any independent valuation or appraisal
of the assets, liabilities or technologies of CIENA or Tellabs, nor was Morgan
Stanley furnished with any such appraisals. In addition, Morgan Stanley assumed
that the Merger would be accounted for as a pooling of interests business
combination in accordance with GAAP, would be treated as a tax-free
reorganization and/or exchange pursuant to the Code and would be consummated in
accordance with the terms set forth in the Merger Agreement. Morgan Stanley's
opinion was necessarily based on economic, market and other conditions as in
effect on, and the information made available to it as of, the date of the
opinion.
In addition, in arriving at its opinion, Morgan Stanley was not authorized
to solicit, and did not solicit, interest from any party with respect to the
acquisition of CIENA or any of its assets.
The following is a brief summary of certain of the analyses performed by
Morgan Stanley in connection with the preparation of its written opinion dated
June 2, 1998. Certain analyses performed by Morgan Stanley utilized financial
estimates for CIENA and Tellabs based on estimates published by securities
research analysts in the investment community.
Comparative Stock Price Performance. As part of its analysis, Morgan
Stanley reviewed the recent stock price performance of CIENA and Tellabs and
compared such performance with that of a group of seven telecommunications
equipment companies (the "Telecommunications Equipment Companies"). Morgan
Stanley observed that over the period from February 7, 1997 (the date of the
initial public offering of CIENA Common Stock) to June 2, 1998, the market price
of CIENA Common Stock appreciated 55.6%, compared with appreciation of 60.7% for
Tellabs Common Stock and 45.5% for an equal-weighted index of the market prices
of the common stocks of the Telecommunications Equipment Companies. Morgan
Stanley also observed that the closing market price of CIENA Common Stock on
June 2, 1998 represented an increase of 12.0% from the closing market price on
the prior trading day, June 1, 1998, and that over the period from February 7,
1997 to June 1, 1998, the market price of CIENA Common Stock appreciated 38.9%.
Peer Group Comparison. Morgan Stanley compared certain financial
information of CIENA and Tellabs with corresponding financial information for
each of the Telecommunications Equipment Companies. Such financial information
included, among other things, market valuation, current stock price as a
multiple of earnings per share, and the ratio of the multiple of current stock
price to estimated earnings per share in the calendar year 1999 to the
estimated, long-term earnings per share growth rate. Among other things, this
analysis indicated that, as of June 2, 1998, based on earnings per share and
long-term earnings per share growth rate estimates of securities research
analysts, CIENA Common Stock traded at a multiple of 31.5 times estimated
earnings per share for the calendar year 1999 (representing a multiple of 0.8
times its estimated, long-term earnings per share growth rate), compared to a
multiple of 29.3 times (representing a multiple of 1.0 times its estimated,
long-term earnings per share growth rate) for Tellabs and a median
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multiple of 28.7 times (representing a multiple of 1.1 times the median
estimated, long-term earnings per share growth rate) for the Telecommunications
Equipment Companies. Morgan Stanley observed that the closing market price of
CIENA Common Stock on June 2, 1998 represented an increase of 12.0% from the
closing market price on the prior trading day, June 1, 1998; as a result, Morgan
Stanley also calculated the financial multiples and ratios for CIENA as of June
1, 1998. These calculations indicated that, as of such date, CIENA Common Stock
traded at a multiple of 28.1 times estimated earnings per share for the calendar
year 1999 (representing a multiple of 0.7 times its estimated, long-term
earnings per share growth rate). The peer group comparison also showed long-term
earnings per share growth rate estimates of 40.0% for CIENA, 30.0% for Tellabs
and a median of 25.0% for the Telecommunications Equipment Companies based on a
compilation of securities research analyst forecasts.
No company utilized in the peer group comparison is identical to CIENA or
Tellabs. In evaluating the peer group companies, Morgan Stanley made judgments
and assumptions with regard to industry performance, general business, economic,
market and financial conditions and other matters, many of which are beyond the
control of CIENA and Tellabs, such as the impact of competition on CIENA or
Tellabs and the industry generally, industry growth and the absence of any
material adverse change in the financial condition and prospects of CIENA or
Tellabs or the industry or in the financial markets in general.
Analysis of Selected Precedent Transactions. As part of its analysis,
Morgan Stanley reviewed eleven transactions involving telecommunications
equipment companies (the "Telecommunications Equipment Transactions"). Morgan
Stanley compared certain statistics for each of the Telecommunications Equipment
Transactions to corresponding statistics for CIENA based on the Exchange Ratio
and the closing market price of Tellabs Common Stock on June 2, 1998. For the
Telecommunications Equipment Transactions, this analysis indicated multiples of
net sales ranging from 2.3 times to 19.6 times latest twelve months net sales,
multiples of earnings ranging from 19.2 times to 67.3 times one year forward
earnings, and premiums paid to closing stock prices ranging from 11.1% to 34.7%
for one day prior to transaction announcement and 0.9% to 60.4% for thirty days
prior to transaction announcement. These statistics compared to a multiple of
12.9 times latest twelve months net sales, a multiple of 43.8 times one year
forward earnings, and premiums to closing stock prices of 14.4% for one day
prior to transaction announcement and 36.2% for thirty days prior to transaction
announcement for CIENA based on the Exchange Ratio and the closing market price
of the Tellabs Common Stock on June 2, 1998. Morgan Stanley observed that the
closing market price of CIENA Common Stock on June 2, 1998 represented an
increase of 12.0% from the closing market price on the prior trading day, June
1, 1998; as a result, Morgan Stanley also calculated the implied premium paid to
the closing market price for CIENA Common Stock as of June 1, 1998. This
calculation indicated an implied premium of 28.2% to the closing market price
for CIENA Common Stock as of June 1, 1998 based on the Exchange Ratio and the
closing market price of Tellabs Common Stock on June 2, 1998.
No transaction utilized in the analysis of selected precedent transactions
is identical to the Merger. In evaluating the precedent transactions, Morgan
Stanley made judgments and assumptions with regard to industry performance,
general business, economic, market and financial conditions and other matters,
many of which are beyond the control of CIENA and Tellabs, such as the impact of
competition on CIENA or Tellabs and the industry generally, industry growth and
the absence of any material adverse change in the financial condition and
prospects of CIENA or Tellabs or the industry or in the financial markets in
general.
Discounted Equity Value. Morgan Stanley performed an analysis of the
present value per share of CIENA's and Tellabs' respective future trading prices
based on a range of earnings per share estimates for CIENA and Tellabs for the
calendar years 1999 and 2001; illustrative multiples of earnings per share,
ranging from 29.6 times to 35.6 times for CIENA (the mid-point of 32.6 times
representing CIENA's multiple of estimated next twelve months earnings per share
as of June 1, 1998), and 30.5 times to 36.5 times for Tellabs (the mid-point of
33.5 times representing Tellabs' multiple of estimated next twelve months
earnings per share as of June 2, 1998); and a range of illustrative discount
rates, ranging from 17.0% to 20.0% for CIENA and 14.5% to 17.5% for Tellabs,
based on Morgan Stanley estimates of the theoretical rates of return required by
stockholders to hold shares of CIENA Common Stock and Tellabs Common Stock,
respectively. Based on this analysis, Morgan Stanley estimated a present value
per share of the potential future trading prices ranging from $41.95 to $98.97
for CIENA Common Stock and $53.90 to $113.92 for Tellabs Common Stock.
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Additionally, Morgan Stanley compared the present value per share of the
potential future trading price of CIENA Common Stock to the pro forma present
value per equivalent share of the potential future trading price assuming
consummation of the Merger. This analysis showed values per equivalent share
ranging from $58.45 to $103.16 for CIENA Common Stock assuming consummation of
the Merger and based on multiples ranging from 30.3 times to 36.3 times (the
mid-point of 33.3 times representing the blended multiple of estimated next
twelve months earnings per share of the combined company as of June 1, 1998, in
the case of CIENA, and June 2, 1998, in the case of Tellabs, based on the net
income contribution by each of CIENA and Tellabs) and a range of illustrative
discount rates of 15.5% to 18.5%. This analysis suggested that, based on the
aforementioned earnings per share estimates, multiples of earnings and discount
rates, the range of present values of the potential future trading price per
equivalent share of CIENA Common Stock for the combined company could be higher
than for CIENA as a stand-alone entity.
Relative Contribution Analysis. Morgan Stanley analyzed the pro forma
contribution of each of CIENA and Tellabs, based on historical information and
securities research analyst forecasts, to the resultant combined company
assuming consummation of the Merger. This analysis indicated that, in terms of
net sales, operating income and net income, CIENA would contribute 29.0%, 37.6%
and 36.1%, respectively, in calendar year 1997; 30.2%, 32.5% and 31.2%,
respectively, in calendar year 1998; and 31.5%, 32.9% and 31.5%, respectively,
in calendar year 1999. These statistics, adjusted to reflect each company's
respective capital structure, were compared to the pro forma ownership of the
outstanding common stock of the combined company, implied by the Exchange Ratio,
of 35.1% for CIENA stockholders on a diluted basis.
Exchange Ratio Analysis. Morgan Stanley compared the Exchange Ratio to
selected average historical exchange ratios and the exchange ratios implied by
certain statistics calculated in the relative contribution analysis. Morgan
Stanley reviewed the ratios of the closing market prices of CIENA Common Stock
to Tellabs Common Stock over various periods ending June 2, 1998, and calculated
the premiums represented by the Exchange Ratio over the averages of these daily
ratios over various periods. The averages of these daily ratios of the closing
market prices of CIENA Common Stock to Tellabs Common Stock were 0.874 at the
close of market on June 2, 1998, 0.781 at the close of the market on June 1,
1998, 0.754 for the previous 10 trading days, 0.748 for the previous 30 trading
days, 0.715 for the previous 60 trading days, 0.781 for the previous 90 trading
days, 0.906 for the latest twelve months and 0.886 since February 7, 1997 (the
date of the initial public offering of CIENA Common Stock). The Exchange Ratio
represented premiums of 14.4%, 28.1%, 32.7%, 33.7%, 39.9%, 28.0%, 10.4% and
12.8%, respectively, over the aforementioned average ratios of the prices of
CIENA Common Stock to Tellabs Common Stock. Morgan Stanley also reviewed the
exchange ratios implied by the relative contribution of net sales, operating
income and net income by each of CIENA and Tellabs to the combined company based
on securities research analyst forecasts. The exchange ratios implied by
contribution of net sales, operating income and net income in the calendar year
1999 were 0.854, 0.910 and 0.854, respectively. The Exchange Ratio represented
premiums of 17.1%, 9.9% and 17.2%, respectively, over the aforementioned
exchange ratios implied by the contribution of net sales, operating income and
net income by CIENA to the combined company.
Pro Forma Analysis of the Merger. Morgan Stanley analyzed the pro forma
impact of the Merger on Tellabs' estimated earnings per share for the calendar
years 1998, 1999 and 2000, based on securities research analyst estimates.
Morgan Stanley observed that, assuming the Merger was treated as a pooling of
interests for accounting purposes and before taking into account any one-time
restructuring charges or any potential synergies that may result from the
combination, the Merger would result in earnings per share dilution for Tellabs
stockholders for each of the calendar years 1998, 1999 and 2000, respectively,
based on the Exchange Ratio.
In connection with the review of the Merger by the CIENA Board, Morgan
Stanley performed a variety of financial and comparative analyses for purposes
of its opinion given in connection therewith. While the foregoing summary
describes the analyses and factors reviewed by Morgan Stanley in connection with
its opinion, it does not purport to be a complete description of all the
analyses performed by Morgan Stanley in arriving at its opinion. The preparation
of a fairness opinion is a complex process and is not necessarily susceptible to
partial analysis or summary description. In arriving at its opinion, Morgan
Stanley considered the results of all of its analyses as a whole and did not
attribute any particular weight to any analysis or factor
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considered by it. Furthermore, selecting any portion of its analyses, without
considering all analyses, would create an incomplete view of the process
underlying its opinion. In addition, Morgan Stanley may have given various
analyses and factors more or less weight than other analyses and factors, and
may have deemed various assumptions more or less probable than other
assumptions, so that the ranges of valuations resulting from any particular
analysis described above should not be taken to be Morgan Stanley's view of the
actual value of CIENA or Tellabs. In performing its analyses, Morgan Stanley
made numerous assumptions with respect to industry performance, general business
and economic conditions and other matters, many of which are beyond the control
of CIENA or Tellabs. Any estimates contained therein are not necessarily
indicative of future results or actual values, which may be significantly more
or less favorable than those suggested by such estimates. The analyses performed
were prepared solely as part of Morgan Stanley's analysis of the fairness of the
Exchange Ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement from a financial point of view
to the holders of shares of CIENA Common Stock and were conducted in connection
with the delivery of Morgan Stanley's opinion. The analyses do not purport to be
appraisals or to reflect the prices at which CIENA or Tellabs might actually be
sold.
The Exchange Ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement was determined through
arm's-length negotiations between CIENA and Tellabs and was approved by the
CIENA Board. Morgan Stanley did not recommend any specific exchange ratio to
CIENA or that any specific exchange ratio constituted the only appropriate
exchange ratio for the Merger. Morgan Stanley's opinion to the CIENA Board was
one of many factors taken into consideration by the CIENA Board in making its
determination to approve the Merger. Consequently, the Morgan Stanley analyses
described above should not be viewed as determinative of the opinion of the
CIENA Board with respect to the value of CIENA or whether the CIENA Board would
have been willing to agree to a different exchange ratio.
The CIENA Board retained Morgan Stanley based upon Morgan Stanley's
qualifications, experience and expertise. Morgan Stanley is an internationally
recognized investment banking and advisory firm. Morgan Stanley, as part of its
investment banking business, is continuously engaged in the valuation of
businesses and securities in connection with mergers and acquisitions,
negotiated underwritings, competitive biddings, secondary distributions of
listed and unlisted securities, private placements and valuations for corporate
and other purposes. In the ordinary course of Morgan Stanley's trading,
brokerage and financing activities, Morgan Stanley or its affiliates may at any
time hold long or short positions, may trade, make a market or otherwise effect
transactions, for its own account or for the accounts of customers, in the
equity securities of CIENA or Tellabs. In the past, Morgan Stanley and its
affiliates have provided financing services for Tellabs and have received fees
for the rendering of these services.
Pursuant to the Morgan Stanley Engagement Letter, Morgan Stanley has
provided advisory services and a financial opinion in connection with the Merger
and CIENA has agreed to pay a fee to Morgan Stanley equal to 0.23% of the
aggregate value of the transaction if the Merger is consummated. In addition,
CIENA has also agreed to indemnify Morgan Stanley and its affiliates, their
respective directors, officers, agents and employees and each person, if any,
controlling Morgan Stanley or any of its affiliates against certain liabilities
and expenses, including the fees of its legal counsel and certain liabilities
under the federal securities laws, arising out of Morgan Stanley's engagement
and the transactions in connection therewith.
CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
It is a condition to the consummation of the Merger that CIENA receive an
opinion from its counsel, Hogan & Hartson L.L.P., and that Tellabs receive an
opinion from its counsel, Sidley & Austin, substantially to the effect that for
federal income tax purposes: (i) the Merger will constitute a "reorganization"
within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code, and CIENA, Sub and Tellabs
will each be a party to such reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(b)
of the Code; (ii) no gain or loss will be recognized by Tellabs, Sub or CIENA as
a result of the Merger; (iii) no gain or loss will be recognized by the
stockholders of CIENA upon the conversion of their shares of CIENA Common Stock
into shares of Tellabs Common Stock pursuant to the Merger, except with respect
to cash, if any, received in lieu of fractional shares of Tellabs Common Stock;
(iv) the aggregate tax basis of the shares of Tellabs Common Stock received in
exchange for shares of CIENA Common Stock pursuant to the Merger (including a
fractional share of
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Tellabs Common Stock for which cash is received) will be the same as the
aggregate tax basis of such shares of CIENA Common Stock; (v) the holding period
for shares of Tellabs Common Stock received in exchange for CIENA Common Stock
pursuant to the Merger will include the holder's holding period for such shares
of CIENA Common Stock, provided such shares of CIENA Common Stock were held as
capital assets by the holder at the Effective Time; and (vi) a stockholder of
CIENA who receives cash in lieu of a fractional share of Tellabs Common Stock
will recognize gain or loss equal to the difference, if any, between such
stockholder's tax basis in the fractional shares (determined under clause (iv)
above) and the amount of cash received. Each such opinion will be based on
current law and various other assumptions.
Such opinions may not be applicable to, among other persons, stockholders
of CIENA who, for federal income tax purposes, are nonresident alien
individuals, foreign corporations, foreign partnerships, foreign trusts or
foreign estates, or who acquired their CIENA Common Stock pursuant to the
exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as compensation.
In rendering such opinions, Hogan & Hartson L.L.P. and Sidley & Austin will
rely upon representations of Tellabs and representations of CIENA and may rely
upon representations of others.
THE FOREGOING DISCUSSION IS INCLUDED FOR GENERAL INFORMATION AND IS BASED
ON CURRENT LAW. IN ADDITION, THE DISCUSSION DOES NOT ADDRESS ALL OF THE TAX
CONSEQUENCES THAT MAY BE RELEVANT TO PARTICULAR TAXPAYERS IN LIGHT OF THEIR
PERSONAL CIRCUMSTANCES OR TO TAXPAYERS SUBJECT TO SPECIAL TREATMENT UNDER THE
CODE (FOR EXAMPLE, INSURANCE COMPANIES, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, DEALERS IN
SECURITIES AND TAX-EXEMPT ORGANIZATIONS). EACH STOCKHOLDER OF CIENA SHOULD
CONSULT SUCH STOCKHOLDER'S OWN TAX ADVISOR AS TO THE SPECIFIC TAX CONSEQUENCES
TO SUCH STOCKHOLDER OF THE MERGER, INCLUDING THE APPLICATION AND EFFECT OF
FEDERAL FOREIGN, STATE, LOCAL AND OTHER TAX LAWS.
NO INFORMATION IS PROVIDED HEREIN WITH RESPECT TO THE TAX CONSEQUENCES, IF
ANY, OF THE MERGER UNDER APPLICABLE FOREIGN, STATE, LOCAL AND OTHER TAX LAWS.
THE FOREGOING DISCUSSION IS BASED UPON THE PROVISIONS OF THE CODE, APPLICABLE
TREASURY REGULATIONS THEREUNDER, INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE RULINGS AND JUDICIAL
DECISIONS, AS IN EFFECT AS OF THE DATE HEREOF. THERE CAN BE NO ASSURANCE THAT
FUTURE LEGISLATIVE, ADMINISTRATIVE OR JUDICIAL CHANGES OR INTERPRETATIONS WILL
NOT AFFECT THE ACCURACY OF THE STATEMENTS OR CONCLUSIONS SET FORTH HEREIN. ANY
SUCH CHANGE COULD APPLY RETROACTIVELY AND COULD AFFECT THE ACCURACY OF SUCH
DISCUSSION. NO RULINGS HAVE OR WILL BE SOUGHT FROM THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE
CONCERNING THE TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE MERGER.
ANTICIPATED ACCOUNTING TREATMENT
The Merger is expected to be accounted for as a "pooling of interests" in
accordance with GAAP. Under this accounting method, the recorded assets and
liabilities of Tellabs and CIENA will be carried forward at their recorded
amounts to the combined enterprise, income of the combined enterprise will
include income of Tellabs and CIENA for the entire fiscal year in which the
Merger occurs and the reported income of Tellabs and CIENA for prior periods
will be combined and restated as income of the combined enterprise. It is a
condition to the consummation of the Merger that Tellabs receive the opinion of
Ernst & Young LLP that the Merger will qualify for pooling of interests
accounting treatment. See "THE MERGER AGREEMENT -- Conditions to the Merger."
GOVERNMENTAL AND REGULATORY APPROVALS
Filings with, notifications to and authorizations and approvals of various
governmental agencies with respect to the transactions contemplated by the
Merger Agreement, relating primarily to antitrust and securities law issues,
must be made and received prior to the consummation of the Merger.
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The consummation of the Merger is conditioned upon the expiration or
termination of the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act. Under the HSR
Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder by the Federal Trade Commission
(the "FTC"), the Merger may not be consummated until notifications have been
given and certain information has been furnished to the FTC and the Antitrust
Division of the United States Department of Justice (the "Antitrust Division")
and the applicable waiting period has expired or been terminated. On July 15,
1998, Tellabs and CIENA received notice of early termination of the waiting
period under the HSR Act.
At any time before or after the Effective Time, notwithstanding that the
waiting period under the HSR Act has been terminated, the FTC or the Antitrust
Division could take such action under the antitrust laws as each deems necessary
or desirable in the public interest, including seeking to enjoin the
consummation of the Merger or seeking divestiture of assets of Tellabs or CIENA.
Similarly, at any time before or after the Effective Time, and notwithstanding
that the waiting period under the HSR Act has been terminated, any state could
take such action under the antitrust laws as it deems necessary or desirable in
the public interest and any foreign or supranational court, commission,
governmental body, regulatory agency, authority or tribunal with jurisdiction to
do so could take action under its antitrust or similar laws. Such action could
include seeking to enjoin the consummation of the Merger or seeking divestiture
of businesses of CIENA or Tellabs. Private parties may also seek to take legal
action under the antitrust laws under certain circumstances.
Tellabs and CIENA believe that the Merger can be effected in compliance
with federal and state antitrust laws. However, there can be no assurance that a
challenge to the consummation of the Merger on antitrust grounds will not be
made or that, if such a challenge were made, Tellabs and CIENA would prevail or
would not be required to accept certain conditions, possibly including certain
divestitures, in order to consummate the Merger.
The respective obligations of Tellabs and CIENA to consummate the Merger
are subject to the conditions that (i) no court or other governmental entity
having jurisdiction over Tellabs or CIENA, or any of their respective
subsidiaries, has enacted, issued, promulgated, enforced or entered any law,
rule, regulation, executive order, decree, injunction or other order (whether
temporary, preliminary or permanent) which is then in effect and has the effect
of making the Merger or any of the transactions contemplated by the Merger
Agreement illegal and (ii) no suit, action or proceeding by any governmental
entity relating to the Merger Agreement or the Stock Option Agreement is pending
which would have a material adverse effect on CIENA or Tellabs. See "THE MERGER
AGREEMENT -- Conditions to the Merger."
PERCENTAGE OWNERSHIP INTEREST OF CIENA STOCKHOLDERS AFTER THE MERGER
Pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of February 16, 1998
(the "Coherent Merger Agreement") among Tellabs, Cardinal Merger Co., a wholly
owned subsidiary of Tellabs ("Coherent Sub"), and Coherent, Coherent Sub will be
merged with and into Coherent (the "Coherent Merger"), with Coherent surviving
as a wholly owned subsidiary of Tellabs. Subject to the terms and conditions of
the Coherent Merger Agreement, Tellabs may issue up to 11,722,949 shares of
Tellabs Common Stock in connection with the Coherent Merger.
Assuming that the Coherent Merger has been consummated prior to the
Effective Time, then, based on the number of shares of Tellabs Common Stock
outstanding on the Tellabs Record Date and assuming the delivery of
approximately 102,506,531 shares of Tellabs Common Stock in connection with the
Merger and approximately 11,722,949 shares of Tellabs Common Stock in connection
with the Coherent Merger, upon consummation of the Merger there will be
approximately 296,788,182 shares of Tellabs Common Stock outstanding at the
Effective Time, of which the stockholders of CIENA will own approximately 34.5%.
Assuming that the Coherent Merger has not been consummated prior to the
Effective Time, then, based on the number of shares of Tellabs Common Stock
outstanding on the Tellabs Record Date and assuming the delivery of
approximately 102,506,531 shares of Tellabs Common Stock in connection with the
Merger, upon consummation of the Merger there will be approximately 285,065,233
shares of Tellabs Common Stock outstanding at the Effective Time, of which the
stockholders of CIENA will own approximately 36%.
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ABSENCE OF APPRAISAL RIGHTS
Under the DGCL, stockholders of Tellabs are not entitled to appraisal
rights with respect to approval of the Share Issuance and stockholders of CIENA
are not entitled to appraisal rights with respect to the approval and adoption
of the Merger Agreement.
RESALES OF TELLABS COMMON STOCK
All shares of Tellabs Common Stock issued in connection with the Merger
will be freely transferable, except that any shares of Tellabs Common Stock
received by persons who are deemed to be "affiliates" (as such term is defined
under the Securities Act) of CIENA prior to the Merger may be resold by them
only in transactions registered under the Securities Act, permitted by the
resale provisions of Rule 145 promulgated under the Securities Act (or Rule 144
thereunder if such persons are or become affiliates of Tellabs) or otherwise
permitted under the Securities Act. Persons who may be deemed to be affiliates
of Tellabs or CIENA generally include individuals or entities that control, are
controlled by, or are under common control with, such party and may include
certain officers and directors of such party as well as principal stockholders
of such party.
CIENA has caused each of its affiliates to deliver to Tellabs a written
agreement providing that such person will not (i) sell, pledge, transfer or
otherwise dispose of any CIENA Common Stock or any shares of Tellabs Common
Stock issued to such person in connection with the Merger, except pursuant to an
effective registration statement or in compliance with such Rule 145 or another
exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act or (ii) sell
or in any other way reduce such person's risk relative to any CIENA Common Stock
or any shares of Tellabs Common Stock received in the Merger during the period
(the "Resale Period") commencing 30 days prior to the Effective Time and ending
at such time as the financial results covering at least 30 days of post-Merger
operations have been published by Tellabs.
Tellabs has caused its affiliates to deliver to it a written agreement
providing that such person will not sell, pledge, transfer or otherwise dispose
of, or in any other way reduce such person's risk relative to, any shares of
Tellabs Common Stock or any shares of CIENA Common Stock during the Resale
Period.
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THE MERGER AGREEMENT
The following is a summary of certain provisions of the Merger Agreement, a
conformed copy of which is attached hereto as Annex A to this Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus and incorporated herein by reference. This summary is
qualified in its entirety by reference to the Merger Agreement. Stockholders of
Tellabs and CIENA are urged to read the Merger Agreement in its entirety for a
more complete description of the Merger. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined
herein shall have the meaning ascribed to such terms in the Merger Agreement.
TERMS OF THE MERGER
The Merger Agreement provides that, upon the terms and subject to the
conditions contained therein, including the approval of the Stock Issuance by
the holders of Tellabs Common Stock and the approval and adoption of the Merger
Agreement by the holders of CIENA Common Stock, Sub will be merged with and into
CIENA at the Effective Time, and CIENA will continue as the Surviving
Corporation.
After the conditions precedent to the Merger have been fulfilled or waived
(where permissible), the filing of a duly executed Certificate of Merger will be
made with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, and the Merger will
become effective at the Effective Time, which will occur upon the filing of the
Certificate of Merger or such later time established thereby (provided that such
later date is not more than 30 days after the Certificate of Merger is filed).
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, as of the Effective Time, all shares of
CIENA Common Stock that are held in the treasury of CIENA or by any wholly owned
subsidiary of CIENA and any shares of CIENA Common Stock owned by Tellabs,
together with associated preferred stock purchase rights, will be canceled and
no capital stock of Tellabs or other consideration will be delivered in exchange
therefor.
Each issued and outstanding share of common stock, par value $.01 per
share, of Sub will be converted into one validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable share of common stock of the Surviving Corporation.
Subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, each share of
CIENA Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time (other than shares to be canceled), together with associated preferred
stock purchase rights, will be converted into one validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable share of Tellabs Common Stock. All shares of CIENA Common Stock,
when so converted, will no longer be outstanding and will automatically be
canceled and retired and each holder of a certificate representing any such
shares will cease to have any rights with respect thereto, except the right to
receive certain dividends and other distributions, certificates representing the
shares of Tellabs Common Stock into which such shares are converted and any
cash, without interest, in lieu of fractional shares to be issued or paid in
consideration therefor upon the surrender of such certificate.
In the event of any reclassification, stock split or stock dividend with
respect to Tellabs Common Stock or any change or conversion of Tellabs Common
Stock into other securities (or if a record date with respect to any of the
foregoing should occur) prior to the Effective Time, appropriate and
proportionate adjustments, if any, will be made to the Exchange Ratio, and all
references to the Exchange Ratio in the Merger Agreement will be deemed to be to
the Exchange Ratio as so adjusted.
SURRENDER AND PAYMENT
Tellabs will authorize a commercial bank (or such other person or persons
as will be reasonably acceptable to Tellabs and CIENA) to act as Exchange Agent
(the "Exchange Agent"). As soon as practicable after the Effective Time, Tellabs
will deposit with the Exchange Agent certificates representing the shares of
Tellabs Common Stock issuable pursuant to the Merger Agreement in exchange for
outstanding shares of CIENA Common Stock and cash, as required to make payments
in lieu of any fractional shares (such cash and shares of Tellabs Common Stock,
together with any dividends or distributions with respect thereto, being the
"Exchange Fund"). The Exchange Agent will deliver the Tellabs Common Stock
issuable pursuant to the Merger Agreement out of the Exchange Fund.
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Tellabs will instruct the Exchange Agent, as soon as practicable after the
Effective Time, to mail to each record holder of a certificate or certificates,
which immediately prior to the Effective Time represented outstanding shares of
CIENA Common Stock converted in the Merger (the "Certificates"), a letter of
transmittal (which will specify that delivery will be effected, and risk of loss
and title to the Certificates will pass, only upon actual delivery to the
Exchange Agent, and will contain instructions for use in effecting the surrender
of the Certificates in exchange for certificates representing shares of Tellabs
Common Stock and cash in lieu of fractional shares). Upon surrender for
cancellation to the Exchange Agent of all Certificates held by any record holder
of a Certificate, together with such letter of transmittal, duly executed, the
holder of such Certificate will be entitled to receive in exchange therefor a
certificate representing the number of whole shares of Tellabs Common Stock into
which the shares represented by the surrendered Certificates will have been
converted at the Effective Time, cash in lieu of any fractional share, and
certain dividends and other distributions in accordance with the Merger
Agreement, and any Certificate so surrendered will forthwith be canceled.
All shares of Tellabs Common Stock issued upon the surrender of
Certificates in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement (including any
cash paid pursuant to the Merger Agreement) will be deemed to have been issued
in full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to the shares of CIENA Common
Stock represented by such Certificates.
FRACTIONAL SHARES
No certificates or scrip representing fractional shares of Tellabs Common
Stock will be issued upon the surrender for exchange of Certificates, no Tellabs
dividend or other distribution or stock split will relate to any fractional
share, and no fractional share will entitle the owner thereof to vote or to any
other rights of a security holder of Tellabs. In lieu of any such fractional
shares, each holder of CIENA Common Stock who would otherwise have been entitled
to a fraction of a share of Tellabs Common Stock upon surrender of Certificates
for exchange will be paid an amount in cash (without interest), rounded to the
nearest cent, determined by multiplying (i) the last reported sales price per
share on Nasdaq of Tellabs Common Stock on the date of the Effective Time (or,
if the shares of Tellabs Common Stock do not trade on Nasdaq on such date, the
first date of trading of the Tellabs Common Stock on Nasdaq after the Effective
Time) by (ii) the fractional interest to which such holder would otherwise be
entitled.
CONDITIONS TO THE MERGER
The respective obligations of Tellabs, CIENA and Sub to effect the Merger
will be subject to the fulfillment of certain conditions at or prior to the
Effective Time, including: (a) approval of the Merger Agreement by the requisite
vote of stockholders of CIENA and approval of the Stock Issuance by the
requisite vote of the stockholders of Tellabs; (b) the authorization for
quotation on Nasdaq, subject to official notice of issuance, of the shares of
Tellabs Common Stock issuable in the Merger; (c) expiration or termination of
the waiting period (and any extensions thereof) applicable to the consummation
of the Merger under the HSR Act; (d) all authorizations, consents, orders,
declarations or approvals of, or filings with, or terminations or expirations of
waiting periods imposed by, any governmental entity, which the failure to
obtain, make or occur would have the effect of making the Merger or any of the
transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement illegal or would have,
individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on Tellabs (assuming
the Merger had taken place), will have been obtained, will have been made or
will have occurred; (e) no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the
Registration Statement will have been issued by the SEC and no proceedings for
that purpose will have been initiated or, to the knowledge of Tellabs or CIENA,
threatened by the SEC; and (f) no court or other governmental entity having
jurisdiction over CIENA or Tellabs or any of their respective subsidiaries will
have enacted, issued, promulgated, enforced or entered any law, rule,
regulation, executive order, decree, injunction or other order (whether
temporary, preliminary or permanent) which is then in effect and has the effect
of making the Merger or any of the transactions contemplated by the Merger
Agreement illegal.
The obligations of CIENA to effect the Merger are also subject to the
satisfaction of certain conditions at or prior to the Effective Time, including
that: (a) each of the representations and warranties of Tellabs and
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Sub that is qualified by materiality will be true and correct on and as of the
Effective Time as if made on and as of the Effective Time (except to the extent
they relate to a particular date) and each of the representations and warranties
of Tellabs and Sub that is not so qualified will be true and correct in all
material respects on and as of the Effective Time as if made on and as of the
Effective Time (except to the extent they relate to a particular date), in each
case except as contemplated or permitted by the Merger Agreement; each of
Tellabs and Sub will have performed in all material respects each of its
agreements contained in the Merger Agreement required to be performed on or
prior to the Effective Time; and CIENA will have received from Tellabs a
certificate to that effect; (b) CIENA will have received an opinion of Hogan &
Hartson L.L.P. relating to certain tax matters; (c) since the date of the Merger
Agreement, there will not have been any events, changes or developments that,
individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on
Tellabs; provided, that, for purposes of this condition, a material adverse
effect on the results of operations of Tellabs will only be deemed to be such to
the extent it relates to the long-term prospects of the results of operations of
Tellabs and its subsidiaries taken as a whole; and CIENA will have received a
certificate from Tellabs to such effect; (d) Tellabs will have obtained the
consent or approval of each person that is not a governmental entity whose
consent or approval is required in connection with the transactions contemplated
by the Merger Agreement under any loan or credit agreement, note, mortgage,
indenture, lease or other agreement by which Tellabs or any of its subsidiaries
is bound except where failure to obtain such consents or approvals would not
have a material adverse effect on Tellabs; and (e) there will not have been
instituted or pending any suit, action or proceeding by any governmental entity
relating to the Merger Agreement, the Stock Option Agreement or any of the
transactions contemplated therein which would have a material adverse effect on
CIENA or Tellabs.
The obligations of Tellabs and Sub to effect the Merger are subject to the
satisfaction of certain conditions at or prior to the Effective Time, including
that: (a) each of the representations and warranties of CIENA that is qualified
by materiality will be true and correct on and as of the Effective Time as if
made on and as of the Effective Time (except to the extent they relate to a
particular date) and each of the representations and warranties of CIENA that is
not so qualified will be true and correct in all material respects on and as of
the Effective Time as if made on and as of the Effective Time (except to the
extent they relate to a particular date), in each case except as contemplated or
permitted by the Merger Agreement; CIENA will have performed in all material
respects each of its agreements contained in the Merger Agreement required to be
performed on or before the Effective Time; and Tellabs will have received from
CIENA a certificate to that effect; (b) Tellabs will have received an opinion of
Sidley & Austin relating to certain tax matters; (c) Tellabs will have received
an opinion of Ernst & Young LLP (or any successor thereto) that the Merger will
qualify for pooling of interests accounting treatment under Accounting Board
Opinion No. 16 if closed and consummated in accordance with the Merger Agreement
(which opinion will be based, as to the financial statements of CIENA, on a
customary "pooling" letter of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP); (d) CIENA will have
obtained the consent or approval of each person that is not a governmental
entity whose consent or approval will be required in connection with the
transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement under any loan or credit
agreement, note, mortgage, indenture, lease or other agreement or instrument by
which CIENA or any of its subsidiaries is bound except as to which the failure
to obtain such consents and approvals would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a material adverse effect on CIENA; (e) since the date of the
Merger Agreement, there will not have been any events, changes or developments
that, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on
CIENA, provided, that, for purposes of this condition, a material adverse effect
on the results of operations of CIENA and its subsidiaries will only be deemed
to be such to the extent it relates to the long-term prospects of the results of
operations of CIENA and its subsidiaries taken as a whole; and Tellabs will have
received a certificate from CIENA to such effect; (f) there will not have been
instituted or pending any suit, action or proceeding by any governmental entity
relating to the Merger Agreement, the Stock Option Agreement or any of the
transactions contemplated therein which would have a material adverse effect on
Tellabs or CIENA; and (g) the rights to purchase one one-thousandth of a share
of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of CIENA (the "Rights") will
not have become nonredeemable, exercisable, distributed or triggered pursuant to
the terms of the Rights Agreement dated as of December 29, 1997 (the "Rights
Agreement") between CIENA and BankBoston, N.A., as rights agent.
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REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
The Merger Agreement contains customary representations and warranties of
Tellabs and Sub, including, among other things, (a) as to the due organization,
valid existence and good standing of Tellabs and its subsidiaries, (b) as to the
capital structure of Tellabs and its subsidiaries; (c) as to the authorization,
execution, delivery and enforceability of the Merger Agreement and the Stock
Option Agreement and related matters; (d) the absence of conflicts under
Tellabs' or its subsidiaries' charter and by-laws, agreements, or under any
governmental orders or applicable laws; (e) that the documents filed by Tellabs
with the SEC since January 1, 1997 did not, at the time they were filed, contain
material misstatements or omissions; (f) that the information supplied by
Tellabs and Sub to be included in this Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus or in
the Registration Statement in connection with the Tellabs Special Meeting and
the CIENA Special Meeting will be free from material misstatements and
omissions; (g) that there has been no material adverse change with respect to
Tellabs and its subsidiaries except as disclosed in its documents filed with the
SEC; (h) as to governmental licenses and permits, and compliance with laws; (i)
as to compliance with relevant tax laws; (j) with respect to actions and
proceedings pending against or involving Tellabs or its subsidiaries; (k) as to
employee benefit plans and labor matters; (l) as to compliance with worker
safety laws and environmental laws; (m) as to intellectual property; (n) as to
actions taken or not taken that would jeopardize the contemplated tax and
accounting treatment of the Merger; (o) as to the vote of Tellabs' stockholders
required to approve the Share Issuance; (p) as to the receipt of a fairness
opinion from Goldman Sachs; (q) as to brokers; and (r) as to the operations of
Sub.
The Merger Agreement also contains similar customary representations and
warranties of CIENA.
CONDUCT OF BUSINESS PENDING THE MERGER
Actions by CIENA. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, CIENA has agreed that,
during the period from the date of the Merger Agreement through the Effective
Time (except as otherwise expressly permitted by the terms of the Merger
Agreement), it will, and will cause its subsidiaries to, in all material
respects carry on its business in the ordinary course as conducted as of the
date of the Merger Agreement and, to the extent consistent therewith, use
reasonable best efforts to preserve intact its then current business
organizations, keep available the services of its then current officers and
employees and preserve its relationships with customers, suppliers and others
having business dealings with it to the end that its goodwill and ongoing
business will be unimpaired at the Effective Time. Without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, and except as otherwise expressly contemplated by
the Merger Agreement, CIENA will not, and will not permit any of its
subsidiaries to, without the prior written consent of Tellabs: (a) (1) declare,
set aside or pay any dividends on, or make any other actual, constructive or
deemed distributions in respect of, any of its capital stock, or otherwise make
any payments to its stockholders in their capacity as such, (2) split, combine
or reclassify any of its capital stock or issue or authorize the issuance of any
other securities in respect of, in lieu of or in substitution for shares of its
capital stock, (3) purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of capital
stock of CIENA or any other securities thereof or any rights, warrants or
options to acquire any shares or other securities or (4) amend the Rights
Agreement; (b) issue, deliver, sell, pledge, dispose of or otherwise encumber
any shares of its capital stock, any other voting securities or equity
equivalent or any securities convertible into, or any rights, warrants or
options to acquire any such shares, voting securities, equity equivalent or
convertible securities, other than (1) the issuance of shares of CIENA Common
Stock upon the exercise of CIENA stock options outstanding on the date of the
Merger Agreement in accordance with their then current terms; (2) the issuance
of CIENA Common Stock pursuant to the Stock Option Agreement; and (3) the
issuance of CIENA stock options to purchase up to 800,000 shares of CIENA Common
Stock in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice to newly
hired employees who are not officers of CIENA or any of its subsidiaries (and
provided that no individual receives CIENA stock options to purchase in excess
of 12,500 shares of CIENA Common Stock); (c) amend its charter or by-laws or
other comparable charter or organizational documents; (d) acquire or agree to
acquire any business or any corporation, limited liability company, partnership,
association or other business organization or division thereof or otherwise
acquire or agree to acquire any assets, other than assets acquired in the
ordinary course of business and not material to CIENA and its subsidiaries taken
as a whole; (e) sell, lease, license (as licensor of any intellectual property
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rights of CIENA), mortgage, encumber or otherwise dispose of any of its
properties or assets other than sales, leases or licenses of products or
services in the ordinary course of business and not material to CIENA and its
subsidiaries, taken as a whole; (f) incur any indebtedness for borrowed money,
guarantee any such indebtedness or make any loans, advances or capital
contributions to, or other investments in, any other person, other than
indebtedness, loans, advances, capital contributions and investments between
CIENA and any of its wholly owned subsidiaries or between any of such wholly
owned subsidiaries or cash management activities carried on in the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice; (g) alter the corporate
structure or ownership of CIENA or any subsidiary; (h) enter into, adopt or
amend any severance plan, agreement or arrangement, CIENA employee plan or
employment or consulting agreement, except as required by law and except for
entering into any consulting agreements in the ordinary course of business
consistent with past practice; (i) increase the compensation payable or to
become payable to its directors, officers or employees (except for increases in
the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice in salaries or
wages of employees of CIENA or any of its subsidiaries who are not officers of
CIENA or any of its subsidiaries) or grant any severance or termination pay to,
or enter into or amend any employment or severance agreement with, any current
or former director or officer of CIENA or any of its subsidiaries, or establish,
adopt, enter into, or, except as may be required to comply with applicable law,
amend or take action to enhance or accelerate any rights or benefits under, any
plan or arrangement for the benefit of any current or former director, officer
or employee; (j) knowingly violate or knowingly fail to perform any obligation
or duty imposed upon it or any subsidiary by any applicable material federal,
state or local law, rule, regulation, guideline or ordinance; (k) make any
change to accounting policies or procedures (other than actions required to be
taken by GAAP); (1) prepare or file any tax return inconsistent with past
practice or, on any such tax return, take any position, make any election, or
adopt any method that is inconsistent with positions taken, elections made or
methods used in preparing or filing similar tax returns in prior periods; (m)
make any tax election or settle or compromise any material federal, state, local
or foreign income tax liability; (n) enter into, amend or terminate any
agreement or contract pursuant to which any third party is granted marketing,
distribution, material manufacturing or any exclusive rights with respect to any
CIENA product, process or technology; amend certain noncompetition agreements
with certain of its employees or make or agree to make any new capital
expenditure or expenditures which, individually, is in excess of $10 million or,
in the aggregate, are in excess of $60 million prior to October 30, 1998 (or in
excess of $80 million at any time); (o) waive or release any material right or
claim, or pay, discharge or satisfy, any material claims, liabilities or
obligations, other than the payment, discharge or satisfaction, in the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice or in accordance with their
terms, of liabilities reflected or reserved against in the most recent financial
statements (or the notes thereto) of CIENA included in documents filed with the
SEC prior to the date of the Merger Agreement, or incurred in the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice; (p) initiate any litigation or
arbitration proceeding or settle or compromise any material litigation or
arbitration proceeding; or (q) authorize, recommend, propose or announce an
intention to do any of the foregoing or enter into any contract, agreement,
commitment or arrangement to do any of the foregoing.
During the period from the date of the Merger Agreement through the
Effective Time, CIENA will not terminate, amend, modify or waive any provision
of (and will fully enforce) any confidentiality agreement relating to a takeover
proposal or standstill agreement to which CIENA or any of its subsidiaries is a
party (other than any involving Tellabs).
Actions by Tellabs. During the period from the date of the Merger Agreement
to the Effective Time of the Merger, Tellabs will not, and will not permit any
of its subsidiaries to, without the prior written consent of CIENA: (a) declare,
set aside or pay any cash dividends on, or make any other cash distributions in
respect of, any of the capital stock of Tellabs; (b) subject to certain
exceptions, amend the Tellabs Charter or Tellabs By-laws; (c) alter (through
liquidation, organization or restructuring) the corporate structure of Tellabs;
or (d) authorize, recommend, propose or announce any intention to do any of the
foregoing or enter into any contract, agreement, commitment or arrangement to do
any of the foregoing.
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CIENA STOCK OPTIONS
Each CIENA Stock Option which is outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time pursuant to the CIENA Stock Option Plans will become and
represent an option (a "Substitute Option") to purchase the number of shares of
Tellabs Common Stock (decreased to the nearest full share) determined by
multiplying (i) the number of shares of CIENA Common Stock subject to such CIENA
Stock Option by (ii) the Exchange Ratio, at an exercise price per share of
Tellabs Common Stock (rounded up to the nearest tenth of a cent) equal to the
exercise price per share of CIENA Common Stock immediately prior to or at the
Effective Time divided by the Exchange Ratio. Tellabs will pay cash to holders
of CIENA Stock Options in lieu of issuing fractional shares of Tellabs Common
Stock upon the exercise of Substitute Options for shares of Tellabs Common
Stock, unless in the judgment of Tellabs such payment would adversely affect the
ability to account for the Merger under the pooling of interests method. Each
Substitute Option will be otherwise exercisable upon the same terms and
conditions as were applicable under the related CIENA Stock Option immediately
prior to or at the Effective Time. CIENA has also agreed that it will cause the
CIENA Stock Purchase Plan and all rights thereunder to terminate, with the
effect of such termination being that no offering period and no purchase period
will have commenced under such plan.
EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS AND AGREEMENTS
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Tellabs will cause the Surviving
Corporation from and after the Effective Time to honor all CIENA benefit plans
and all employment agreements entered into by CIENA prior to the date of the
Merger Agreement; provided, however, that the Merger Agreement does not limit
the power of Tellabs or the Surviving Corporation to amend or terminate any
CIENA benefit plan or any other individual employee benefit plan, program
agreement or policy, or require CIENA or the Surviving Corporation to offer to
continue (other than as required by its terms) any written employment contract.
Tellabs has agreed that all employees of CIENA and its subsidiaries who are
covered under any of CIENA's benefit plans immediately prior to the Effective
Time will continue to be covered under such plans after the Effective Time other
than the CIENA Stock Purchase Plan and the CIENA Stock Option Plans.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, Tellabs may terminate all CIENA Plans provided
that: (1) each employee of CIENA and each employee of CIENA's subsidiaries is
provided coverage under Tellabs benefit plans on the same terms and conditions
as similarly situated employees of Tellabs; (2) Tellabs causes each of its
benefit plans covering employees of CIENA or its subsidiaries to recognize prior
service of such employees with CIENA and its subsidiaries as service with
Tellabs and its subsidiaries (i) for purposes of any waiting period and
eligibility requirements under any such benefit plans that are not pension
plans; and (ii) for purposes of eligibility (including eligibility for early
retirement benefits) and vesting (but not benefit accrual) under any such
benefit plans that are pension plans; (3) Tellabs causes coverage to be
immediately available for employees of CIENA and its subsidiaries under the
comparable Tellabs benefit plan, if any, at the time coverage ceases under any
CIENA benefit plan sought to be terminated; and (4) to the extent Tellabs elects
to terminate any CIENA benefit plan, it will terminate the other CIENA benefit
plans in accordance with the terms of the foregoing provisions as soon as
practicable after the termination of such CIENA benefit plan. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, nothing in the Merger Agreement requires Tellabs to offer
benefits under the Tellabs benefit plans comparable to those offered under the
CIENA benefit plans. After the Effective Time, Tellabs will cause employees of
CIENA to be eligible to participate in stock purchase plans maintained by
Tellabs from time to time and to receive grants of options to purchase Tellabs
Common Stock under the stock option plans maintained by Tellabs from time to
time, in each case in accordance with the terms of such plans.
NO SOLICITATION
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, CIENA will not, nor will it permit any of
its subsidiaries to and will not authorize or permit any of its officers,
directors, employees, financial advisors, attorneys or other advisors or
representatives or those of any of its subsidiaries to (i) solicit, initiate or
knowingly encourage the submission of, any Takeover Proposal (as defined below),
(ii) enter into any agreement with respect to any Takeover Proposal or (iii)
participate in any discussions or negotiations regarding, or furnish to any
person any information with respect to, or take any other action to knowingly
facilitate any inquiries or the making of any
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proposal that constitutes, or may reasonably be expected to lead to, any
Takeover Proposal; provided, however, that prior to the CIENA Special Meeting,
nothing contained in the Merger Agreement will prevent CIENA or the CIENA Board
from (1) complying with Rules 14d-9 and 14e-2 under the Exchange Act or publicly
disclosing the existence of a Takeover Proposal to the extent required by
applicable law or (2) furnishing non-public information to, or entering into
discussions or negotiations with, any person or entity in connection with an
unsolicited bona fide written Takeover Proposal by such person or entity, if and
only to the extent that, with respect to clause (2) above, (w) such Takeover
Proposal would, if consummated, result in a transaction that would, in the
reasonable good faith judgment of the CIENA Board, after consultation with its
financial advisors, result in a transaction more favorable to CIENA's
stockholders from a financial point of view than the Merger (any such more
favorable Takeover Proposal being referred to herein as a "Superior Proposal")
and, in the reasonable good faith judgment of the CIENA Board, after
consultation with its financial advisors, the person or entity making such
Superior Proposal has the financial means to conclude such transaction, (x) the
failure to take such action would in the reasonable good faith judgment of the
CIENA Board, on the basis of the advice of the outside corporate counsel of
CIENA, violate the fiduciary duties of the CIENA Board to CIENA's stockholders
under applicable law, (y) prior to furnishing such non-public information to, or
entering into discussions or negotiations with, such person or entity, the CIENA
Board receives from such person or entity an executed confidentiality agreement
with provisions not less favorable to CIENA than those contained in the
Confidentiality Agreement dated May 14, 1998 between Tellabs and CIENA and (z)
CIENA has fully complied with the provisions described in this paragraph and the
following paragraph. For purposes of the Merger Agreement, "Takeover Proposal"
means any proposal or offer, or any expression of interest, by any third party
relating to CIENA's willingness or ability to receive or discuss a proposal or
offer for a merger, consolidation or other business combination involving CIENA
or any of its subsidiaries or any proposal or offer to acquire in any manner,
directly or indirectly, a substantial equity interest in, a substantial portion
of the voting securities of, or a substantial portion of the assets of CIENA or
any of its subsidiaries, other than the transactions contemplated by the Merger
Agreement and the Stock Option Agreement.
In addition, CIENA will advise Tellabs orally (within one business day) and
in writing (as promptly as practicable) of any Takeover Proposal or any inquiry
with respect to or which could lead to any Takeover Proposal, the material terms
of such Takeover Proposal and the identity of the person making any such
Takeover Proposal or inquiry, and will keep Tellabs fully informed of the status
and details of any such Takeover Proposal or inquiry.
INDEMNIFICATION; DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS INSURANCE
The Merger Agreement provides that for six years from and after the
Effective Time, Tellabs will cause the Surviving Corporation to indemnify and
hold harmless all past and present officers and directors of CIENA and of its
subsidiaries to the same extent such persons were indemnified as of the date of
the Merger Agreement by CIENA pursuant to the CIENA Charter, the CIENA By-laws
and indemnification agreements in existence as of June 2, 1998 for acts or
omissions occurring at or prior to the Effective Time. In addition, Tellabs will
provide, or will cause the Surviving Corporation to provide, for an aggregate
period of not less than six years from the Effective Time, CIENA's current
directors and officers with an insurance and indemnification policy that
provides coverage for events occurring prior to the Effective Time that is
substantially similar to CIENA's existing policy or, if substantially equivalent
insurance coverage is unavailable, the best available coverage; provided,
however, that the Surviving Corporation will not be required to pay an annual
premium for such insurance in excess of $1,425,000.
DIRECTORSHIPS
Promptly following the Effective Time, the Tellabs Board will elect Patrick
H. Nettles, Jon W. Bayless, Stephen Bradley and Billy B. Oliver to be directors
of Tellabs so that immediately thereafter the Tellabs Board will consist of
twelve members.
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TERMINATION
The Merger Agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the Effective
Time, whether before or after any approval of the matters presented in
connection with the Merger by the stockholders of CIENA or Tellabs: (a) by
mutual written consent of Tellabs and CIENA, (b) by either Tellabs or CIENA if
the other party shall have failed to comply in any material respect with any of
its covenants or agreements contained in the Merger Agreement required to be
complied with prior to the date of such termination, which failure to comply has
not been cured within thirty business days following receipt by such other party
of written notice of such failure to comply; (c) by either Tellabs or CIENA if
there has been (1) a breach by the other party (in the case of Tellabs,
including any material breach by Sub) of any representation or warranty that is
not qualified as to materiality which has the effect of making such
representation or warranty not true and correct in all material respects or (2)
a breach by the other party (in the case of Tellabs, including any material
breach by Sub) of any representation or warranty that is qualified as to
materiality, in each case of the foregoing clauses (c)(1) and (c)(2) which
breach has not been cured within thirty business days following receipt by the
breaching party from the non-breaching party of written notice of the breach;
(d) by Tellabs or CIENA if: (1) the Merger has not been effected on or prior to
the close of business on December 31, 1998; provided, however, that the right to
terminate the Merger Agreement pursuant to this clause will not be available to
any party whose failure to fulfill any of its obligations contained in the
Merger Agreement has been the cause of, or resulted in, the failure of the
Merger to have occurred on or prior to the aforesaid date; or (2) any court or
other governmental entity having jurisdiction over a party to the Merger
Agreement has issued an order, decree or ruling or taken any other action
permanently enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting the transactions
contemplated by the Merger Agreement and such order, decree, ruling or other
action has become final and nonappealable; (e) by Tellabs or CIENA if the
stockholders of CIENA do not approve the Merger Agreement at the CIENA Special
Meeting; provided, however, that CIENA may not terminate the Merger Agreement
pursuant to this clause if CIENA has not complied with certain of its agreements
or has otherwise breached in any material respect its obligations under the
Merger Agreement in any manner that could reasonably have caused the failure of
the stockholder approval to be obtained at the CIENA Special Meeting; (f) by
Tellabs or CIENA if the stockholders of Tellabs do not approve the Share
Issuance at the Tellabs Special Meeting; provided, however, that Tellabs may not
terminate the Merger Agreement pursuant to this clause if Tellabs has not
complied with certain of its agreements or has otherwise breached in any
material respect its obligations under the Merger Agreement in any manner that
could reasonably have caused the failure of the vote in favor of the Share
Issuance to be obtained at the Tellabs Special Meeting; (g) by Tellabs or CIENA
if (1) the CIENA Board reasonably determines that a Takeover Proposal
constitutes a Superior Proposal and (2) the CIENA Board determines in its
reasonable good faith judgment, on the basis of the advice of the outside
corporate counsel of CIENA, that the failure to accept such Superior Proposal
would violate its fiduciary duties to its stockholders under applicable law;
provided, however, that CIENA may not terminate the Merger Agreement pursuant to
this clause unless (1) CIENA has delivered to Tellabs a written notice of
CIENA's intent to enter into such an agreement to effect the Superior Proposal,
(2) five business days have elapsed following delivery to Tellabs of such
written notice by CIENA and (3) during such five business day period CIENA has
fully cooperated with Tellabs, including, without limitation, informing Tellabs
of the terms and conditions of the Takeover Proposal and the identity of the
person making the Takeover Proposal, with the intent of enabling Tellabs to
agree to a modification of the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement so
that the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, as so modified, may
be effected; provided, further, that CIENA may not terminate the Merger
Agreement pursuant to this clause unless at the end of such five business day
period (1) the CIENA Board continues reasonably to believe that the Takeover
Proposal constitutes a Superior Proposal, (2) the CIENA Board continues to reach
a determination in its reasonable good faith judgment, on the basis of the
advice of the outside corporate counsel of CIENA, that the failure to accept
such Superior Proposal would violate its fiduciary duties to its stockholders
under applicable law and (3) prior to such termination CIENA pays to Tellabs the
amounts specified under "-- Fees and Expenses" below; and provided, further,
that the Merger Agreement will not terminate pursuant to this clause unless
simultaneously with such termination CIENA enters into a definitive acquisition,
merger or similar agreement to effect the Superior Proposal; (h) by Tellabs if
(1) the CIENA Board has not recommended, or has resolved not to recommend, or
has qualified, modified
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or withdrawn its recommendation of the Merger or declaration that the Merger is
fair to and in the best interest of CIENA and its stockholders, or has resolved
to do so, (2) any person (other than Tellabs or its affiliates) acquires or
becomes the beneficial owner of 20% or more of the outstanding shares of CIENA
Common Stock, (3) the CIENA Board has recommended to the stockholders of CIENA
any Takeover Proposal or has resolved to do so or (4) a tender offer or exchange
offer for 20% or more of the outstanding shares of capital stock of CIENA is
commenced, and the CIENA Board fails to recommend against acceptance of such
tender offer or exchange offer by its stockholders (including by taking no
position with respect to the acceptance of such tender offer or exchange offer
by its stockholders); or (i) by CIENA if the Tellabs Board has not recommended,
or has resolved not to recommend, or has qualified or modified or withdrawn its
recommendation of the Share Issuance or declaration that the Share Issuance is
fair to and in the best interest of Tellabs and its stockholders, or has
resolved to do so.
FEES AND EXPENSES
Regardless of whether the Merger is consummated, except as described below
upon certain events of termination of the Merger Agreement and with respect to
certain real estate transfer and gains taxes, all costs and expenses incurred in
connection with the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby
will be paid by the party incurring such costs and expenses; provided that all
printing expenses and filing fees will be divided equally between Tellabs and
CIENA. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Merger Agreement is terminated (A)
by Tellabs or CIENA pursuant to clause (e) under "-- Termination" above and a
Takeover Proposal existed between the date of the Merger Agreement and the date
of the CIENA Special Meeting, (B) by Tellabs or CIENA pursuant to clause (g)
under "-- Termination" above or (C) by Tellabs pursuant to clause (h) under "--
Termination" above (except, in the case of clause (h)(1) under "-- Termination"
above, as provided below), then, in each case, CIENA will (without prejudice to
any other rights Tellabs may have against CIENA for breach of the Merger
Agreement) reimburse Tellabs upon demand for all reasonable out-of-pocket fees
and expenses incurred or paid by or on behalf of Tellabs or any affiliate of
Tellabs in connection with the Merger Agreement, the Stock Option Agreement and
the transactions contemplated therein, including all fees and expenses of
counsel, investment banking firms, accountants and consultants; provided,
however, that CIENA will not be obligated to reimburse Tellabs for expenses in
excess of $10,000,000 in the aggregate.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Merger Agreement is terminated (A) by
Tellabs or CIENA pursuant to clause (f) under "-- Termination" above and a
Tellabs Takeover Proposal (as defined below) existed between the date of the
Merger Agreement and the date of the Tellabs Special Meeting or (B) by CIENA
pursuant to clause (i) under "-- Termination" above (except in circumstances in
which the event described in clause (i) under "-- Termination" above causing
such termination occurred solely as a result of a material adverse effect on
CIENA (provided that, for purposes of this determination, a material adverse
effect on the results of operations of CIENA and its subsidiaries shall only be
deemed to be such to the extent it relates to the long-term prospects of the
results of operations of CIENA and its subsidiaries taken as a whole) after the
Tellabs Board determined, in its reasonable good faith judgment, on the basis of
the advice of outside corporate counsel of Tellabs, that the making of its
recommendation to the stockholders of Tellabs in favor of the Share Issuance, or
the failure to withdraw or modify such recommendation, would violate its
fiduciary duties under applicable law in light of such material adverse effect
on CIENA), then, in each case, Tellabs will (without prejudice to any other
rights CIENA may have against Tellabs for breach of the Merger Agreement)
reimburse CIENA upon demand for all reasonable out-of-pocket fees and expenses
incurred or paid by or on behalf of CIENA or any affiliate of CIENA in
connection with the Merger Agreement, the Stock Option Agreement and the
transactions contemplated therein, including all fees and expenses of counsel,
investment banking firms, accountants and consultants; provided, however, that
Tellabs will not be obligated to reimburse CIENA for expenses in excess of
$10,000,000 in the aggregate. As used herein, "Tellabs Takeover Proposal" means
any proposal or offer, or any expression of interest, by any third party
relating to Tellabs' willingness or ability to receive or discuss a proposal or
offer for a merger, consolidation or other business combination, in each case
pursuant to which Tellabs is acquired by a third party.
48
<PAGE> 57
If (A) the Merger Agreement is terminated by Tellabs or CIENA pursuant to
clause (e) under "-- Termination" above and a Takeover Proposal existed between
the date of the Merger Agreement and the date of the CIENA Special Meeting, and,
concurrently with or within twelve months after such a termination a Third Party
Acquisition Event (as defined below) occurs or CIENA has entered into any letter
of intent, agreement in principle, acquisition agreement or other similar
agreement with respect to a Third Party Acquisition Event, (B) the Merger
Agreement is terminated by Tellabs or CIENA pursuant to clause (g) under
"-- Termination" above or (C) the Merger Agreement is terminated pursuant to
clause (h) under "-- Termination" above (except, in the case of clause (h)(1)
under "-- Termination" above, as provided below), then, in each case, CIENA will
(in addition to any obligation under the Merger Agreement and without prejudice
to any other rights that Tellabs may have against CIENA for a breach of the
Merger Agreement) pay to Tellabs a fee (the "Termination Fee") of $200,000,000
in cash, such payment to be made promptly, but in no event later than, in the
case of clause (A), the later to occur of such termination and such Third Party
Acquisition Event or, in the case of clauses (B) or (C), such termination.
As used herein, a "Third Party Acquisition Event" involving CIENA means (i)
a transaction or series of transactions pursuant to which any person or group
(as such term is defined under the Exchange Act), other than Tellabs or Sub, or
any affiliate thereof ("Third Party"), acquires (or would acquire upon
completion of such transaction or series of transactions) more than 20% of the
equity securities or voting power of CIENA or any of its subsidiaries, pursuant
to a tender offer or exchange offer or otherwise, (ii) a merger, consolidation,
share exchange or other business combination involving CIENA or any of its
subsidiaries pursuant to which any person other than Tellabs or Sub acquires
ownership (or would acquire ownership upon consummation of such merger,
consolidation, share exchange or other business combination) of more than 20% of
the outstanding equity securities or voting power of CIENA or any of its
subsidiaries or of the entity surviving such merger or business combination or
resulting from such consolidation, (iii) any other transaction or series of
transactions pursuant to which any Third Party acquires (or would acquire upon
completion of such transaction or series of transactions) control of assets of
CIENA or any of its subsidiaries (including, for this purpose, outstanding
equity securities of subsidiaries of such party) having a fair market value
equal to more than 20% of the fair market value of all the consolidated assets
of CIENA immediately prior to such transaction or series of transactions, or
(iv) any transaction or series of transactions pursuant to which any Third Party
acquires (or would acquire upon completion of such transaction or series of
transactions) control of the CIENA Board or by which nominees of any Third Party
are (or would be) elected or appointed to a majority of the seats on the CIENA
Board.
No payment will be required to be made by CIENA with respect to a
termination of the Merger Agreement pursuant to clause (h)(1) under "--
Termination" above if the following conditions are satisfied: (i) no Takeover
Proposal existed between the date of the Merger Agreement and the date of the
CIENA Special Meeting; (ii) the event described in clause (h)(1) under
"-- Termination" above causing the termination of the Merger Agreement occurred
solely as a result of (A) the occurrence of a material adverse effect on Tellabs
(provided that, for purposes of this determination, a material adverse effect on
the results of operations of Tellabs and its subsidiaries will only be deemed to
be such to the extent it relates to the long-term prospects of the results of
operations of Tellabs and its subsidiaries taken as a whole) or (B) Tellabs
entering into a definitive written agreement pursuant to which (x) Tellabs
acquires, or one of Tellabs' subsidiaries merges with, another entity and (y) in
consideration therefor Tellabs agrees to issue Tellabs Common Stock or other
voting securities representing, in the aggregate, 20% or more of the then
outstanding shares of Tellabs Common Stock and other Tellabs voting securities
(a "Tellabs Acquisition Event"); (iii) prior to the occurrence of the event
described in clause (h)(1) under "-- Termination" above causing the termination
of the Merger Agreement (if resulting from such material adverse effect on
Tellabs as stated above), the CIENA Board determined in its reasonable good
faith judgment, on the basis of the advice of outside corporate counsel of
CIENA, that the making of its recommendation to the stockholders of CIENA in
favor of approval of the Merger Agreement, or the failure to withdraw or modify
such recommendation, would violate its fiduciary duties under applicable law
solely in light of the material adverse effect on Tellabs; and (iv) prior to the
occurrence of the event described in clause (h)(1) under "-- Termination" above
causing such termination (if resulting from Tellabs entering into a definitive
written agreement to effect a Tellabs Acquisition Event as stated above), (A)
the CIENA Board, after due deliberation and in the good faith
49
<PAGE> 58
exercise of its fiduciary duties under applicable law (as advised by outside
corporate counsel of CIENA), determined (1) to withdraw or modify such
recommendation solely because Tellabs notified CIENA that it intended to enter
into or had entered into a definitive written agreement to effect a Tellabs
Acquisition Event and (2) that, solely as a result of such Tellabs Acquisition
Event, the Merger was no longer in the best interests of CIENA and its
stockholders and (B) the CIENA Board notified Tellabs that it had resolved to
withdraw or modify its recommendation in favor of the approval of the Merger
Agreement within five business days of the receipt of Tellabs' notice.
AMENDMENT
The Merger Agreement may be amended by the parties thereto, by or pursuant
to action taken by their respective Boards of Directors, at any time before or
after approval of the matters presented in connection with the Merger by the
stockholders of Tellabs and CIENA, but, after any such approval, no amendment
shall be made which by law requires further approval by such stockholders
without such further approval.
WAIVER
The Merger Agreement provides that, at any time prior to the Effective
Time, the parties thereto may (a) extend the time for the performance of any of
the obligations or other acts of the other parties thereto, (b) waive any
inaccuracies in the representations and warranties contained therein or in any
document delivered pursuant thereto and (c) waive compliance with any of the
agreements or conditions contained therein which may legally be waived.
INTERESTS OF CERTAIN PERSONS IN THE MERGER
In considering the recommendation of the Tellabs Board and the CIENA Board
with respect to the Share Issuance and the Merger Agreement, respectively, the
stockholders of Tellabs and CIENA should be aware that certain persons, as
members of CIENA's management or the CIENA Board, have interests in the Merger
in addition to their interests as stockholders of CIENA. The Tellabs Board and
the CIENA Board were aware of these interests and considered them, among other
things, in approving the Merger.
Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, the Tellabs Board has agreed
to elect Patrick H. Nettles, Jon W. Bayless, Stephen Bradley and Billy B. Oliver
(each of whom is currently a director of CIENA) to be directors of Tellabs so
that immediately thereafter, the Tellabs Board will consist of twelve directors.
Each CIENA Stock Option that is outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time will become and represent a Substitute Option. See "THE MERGER
AGREEMENT -- CIENA Stock Options." Except for CIENA Stock Options which, at the
Effective Time, will have been outstanding for less than one year, all unvested
CIENA Stock Options will become fully vested at the Effective Time. The
following table identifies each executive officer and director of CIENA and sets
forth the number of vested and unvested CIENA Stock Options held by such person
as of July 20, 1998, all of which will be converted into Substitute Options at
the
50
<PAGE> 59
Effective Time. The CIENA Stock Options held by each such person that will not
be accelerated since they have been outstanding for less than one year are
indicated by an asterisk (*) in such table.
OPTIONS HELD AS OF JULY 20, 1998
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DATE OF OPTIONS OPTIONS EXERCISE
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS GRANT VESTED UNVESTED PRICE
- -------------------------------- ------- ------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Patrick H. Nettles................................. 6/21/96 182,293 692,707 $ 2.30
Stephen W. Chaddick................................ 6/29/94 133,750 $ 0.02
1/27/95 213,544 36,458 $ 0.03
6/21/96 -- 312,500 $ 2.30
Lawrence P. Huang.................................. 6/29/94 70,000 $ 0.02
1/27/95 113,542 36,458 $ 0.03
6/21/96 -- 312,500 $ 2.30
Joseph R. Chinnici................................. 9/15/94 63,375 9,375 $ 0.02
5/19/95 77,083 22,917 $ 0.03
6/21/96 -- 72,500 $ 2.30
Mark Cummings...................................... 5/24/96 72,709 119,791 $ 1.32
Stephen B. Alexander............................... 10/28/94 59,917 20,833 $ 0.03
5/19/95 77,083 22,917 $ 0.03
6/21/96 -- 107,500 $ 2.30
G. Eric Georgatos.................................. 2/26/96 45,867 83,333 $ 0.40
Rebecca K. Seidman................................. 4/16/96 12,667 45,833 $ 0.85
6/21/96 7,101 24,989 $ 2.30
Andrew C. Petrik................................... 7/23/96 2,709 57,291 $ 3.17
Jon W. Bayless..................................... 3/12/98 -- *5,000 $43.25
Stephen Bradley.................................... 3/12/98 -- *30,000 $43.25
Harvey B. Cash..................................... 3/12/98 -- *5,000 $43.25
Clifford H. Higgerson.............................. 3/12/98 -- *5,000 $43.25
Billy B. Oliver.................................... 6/21/96 42,500 25,000 $ 2.30
3/12/98 -- *5,000 $43.25
Michael J. Zak..................................... 3/12/98 -- *5,000 $43.25
</TABLE>
The Merger Agreement provides that for a period of six years after the
Effective Time, Tellabs will cause the Surviving Corporation to indemnify and
hold harmless all past and present officers and directors of CIENA and its
subsidiaries to the same extent such persons were indemnified as of the date of
the Merger Agreement by CIENA pursuant to the CIENA Charter, the CIENA By-laws
and indemnification agreements in existence as of June 2, 1998 for acts or
omissions occurring at or prior to the Effective Time. Tellabs also agreed to
provide, or to cause the Surviving Corporation to provide, for an aggregate
period of not less than six years after the Effective Time, a policy of
directors' and officers' liability insurance that is substantially similar (with
respect to limits and deductibles) to CIENA's existing policy or, if
substantially equivalent coverage is unavailable, the best available coverage;
provided, however, that the Surviving Corporation will not be required to pay an
annual premium in excess of $1,425,000. See "THE MERGER
AGREEMENT -- Indemnification; Directors and Officers Insurance."
51
<PAGE> 60
THE STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT
The following is a summary of certain provisions of the Stock Option
Agreement, a conformed copy of which is attached as Annex D to this Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus and incorporated herein by reference. This summary is
qualified in its entirety by reference to the Stock Option Agreement.
Stockholders of Tellabs and CIENA are urged to read the Stock Option Agreement
in its entirety.
In connection with the execution of the Merger Agreement, Tellabs and CIENA
entered into the Stock Option Agreement pursuant to which CIENA granted to
Tellabs an option to purchase up to 20,200,000 shares (the "Optioned Shares") of
CIENA Common Stock (approximately 19.9% of the outstanding shares of CIENA
Common Stock as of the CIENA Record Date) at an exercise price of $65.875 per
share (the "Exercise Price") payable in Tellabs Common Stock and/or cash. The
Exercise Price will from time to time be adjusted so that in no event shall the
Aggregate Spread Value (as defined below), together with the Termination Fee,
exceed $200 million (except that, if the Exercise Price has been increased from
time to time as a result of this sentence, the Exercise Price will from time to
time be adjusted downward to the extent of any decrease in the price of CIENA
Common Stock). "Spread Value" with respect to an Optioned Share means the
excess, if any, of (i) the average of the last reported sales prices on Nasdaq
of CIENA Common Stock during the five trading days immediately preceding the
written notice of exercise (in the case of an Optioned Share previously
exercised) or the date of determination (in the case of an Optioned Share as to
which the Tellabs Option has not yet been exercised) over (ii) the Exercise
Price. The "Aggregate Spread Value" is the sum of the Spread Value of all
Optioned Shares.
The Tellabs Option is exercisable only if a Third Party Acquisition Event
has occurred or CIENA has entered into a letter of intent, agreement in
principle, acquisition agreement or similar agreement with respect to a Third
Party Acquisition Event (a "Trigger Event").
Notwithstanding the occurrence of a Trigger Event, Tellabs may not exercise
the Tellabs Option if (a) Tellabs or Merger Sub has breached any of their
material obligations under the Merger Agreement or (b) a preliminary or
permanent injunction or other order issued by any federal or state court of
competent jurisdiction which invalidates the grant or prohibits the exercise of
the Tellabs Option is in effect (clauses (a) and (b) being collectively referred
to as the "Option Conditions").
Tellabs' obligation to purchase the Optioned Shares following the exercise
of the Tellabs Option, and CIENA's obligation to deliver the Optioned Shares,
are subject to the conditions that (i) no preliminary or permanent injunction or
other order issued by any federal or state court of competent jurisdiction in
the United States prohibiting the delivery of the Optioned Shares shall be in
effect; (ii) the purchase of the Optioned Shares will not violate Rule 10b-13
promulgated under the Exchange Act; and (iii) all applicable waiting periods
under the HSR Act have expired or been terminated.
The Tellabs Option terminates upon the earlier of (i) the Effective Time
and (ii) the termination of the Merger Agreement in accordance with its terms;
provided, however, that (w) in the case of a termination of the Merger Agreement
by Tellabs or CIENA pursuant to clause (e) under "THE MERGER AGREEMENT --
Termination" above (if a Takeover Proposal existed between the date of the Stock
Option Agreement and the date of the CIENA Special Meeting), the Stock Option
Agreement and the Option will terminate on the first anniversary of such
termination of the Merger Agreement, (x) in the case of a termination by Tellabs
or CIENA pursuant to clause (g) under "THE MERGER AGREEMENT -- Termination"
above, the Stock Option Agreement and the Option will terminate on the earlier
of the first anniversary of such termination of the Merger Agreement or the date
of consummation of the Superior Proposal contemplated thereby, (y) in the case
of a termination by Tellabs pursuant to clause (h)(1) under "THE MERGER
AGREEMENT -- Termination" above in connection with which no Termination Fee is
payable pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, the Stock Option
Agreement and the Option will terminate upon such termination of the Merger
Agreement and (z) in the case of a termination by Tellabs pursuant to clauses
(h)(1) (except as provided in clause (y) above), (2), (3) or (4) under "THE
MERGER AGREEMENT -- Termination" above, the Stock Option Agreement and the
Option will terminate on the first anniversary of such termination.
52
<PAGE> 61
The Stock Option Agreement further provides that, prior to the termination
of the Tellabs Option, from and after the occurrence of a Trigger Event (and
assuming the Option Conditions have been met), Tellabs will be entitled to
require CIENA to purchase (the "Put Right") for cash (the "Put Price") the
Tellabs Option from Tellabs, at a price equal to the product determined by
multiplying (A) the number of Optioned Shares as to which the Tellabs Option has
not yet been exercised by (B) the Spread (as defined below). As used in the
Stock Option Agreement, the term "Spread" means the excess, if any, of (i) the
greater of (x) the highest price (in cash or fair market value of securities or
other property) per share of CIENA Common Stock paid or to be paid within 12
months preceding the date of exercise of the Put Right for any shares of CIENA
Common Stock beneficially owned by any person who has acquired or become the
beneficial owner of 20% or more of the outstanding shares of CIENA Common Stock
after the date of the Stock Option Agreement or (y) the average of the last
reported sales prices on Nasdaq of Common Stock during the five trading days
immediately preceding the written notice of exercise of the Put Right over (ii)
the Exercise Price. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event will the
aggregate Put Price, together with the Aggregate Spread Value of any Optioned
Shares previously exercised and the amount of the Termination Fee then payable
or previously paid, exceed $200 million.
The Tellabs Option, which Tellabs required that CIENA grant as a condition
to Tellabs entering into the Merger Agreement, might increase the likelihood of
consummation of the Merger by discouraging competing offers for CIENA. Certain
aspects of the Stock Option Agreement may have the effect of discouraging
persons who may, now or prior to the Effective Time, be interested in acquiring
all of or a significant interest in CIENA from considering or proposing such an
acquisition, even if such persons were prepared to offer to pay consideration to
stockholders of CIENA that had a higher current market price than the shares of
Tellabs Common Stock to be received for each share of CIENA Common Stock
pursuant to the Merger Agreement.
53
<PAGE> 62
STOCKHOLDER AGREEMENTS
The following is a summary of certain provisions of the form of Stockholder
Agreement (a copy of which has been filed as an exhibit to the Registration
Statement) entered into between Tellabs and the Stockholders; such summary is
qualified in its entirety by reference to the form of Stockholder Agreement. See
"AVAILABLE INFORMATION."
Concurrently with the execution of the Merger Agreement, in order to induce
Tellabs to enter into the Merger Agreement, the Stockholders, who include all of
the current directors of CIENA and certain executive officers of CIENA and who
have the right to vote approximately 4,726,775 shares (approximately 4.6%) of
the outstanding shares of CIENA Common Stock as of the Record Date, entered into
Stockholder Agreements with Tellabs.
The Stockholder Agreements provide, among other things, that: (a) at the
CIENA Special Meeting (or at any adjournment thereof) or in any other
circumstances upon which a vote, consent or other approval with respect to the
Merger or the Merger Agreement is sought, the Stockholder will vote (or cause to
be voted) the shares of CIENA Common Stock owned by such Stockholder as of the
date of the Stockholder Agreement and any other shares of capital stock of CIENA
acquired by such Stockholder after the date of the Stockholder Agreement and
during the term of the Stockholder Agreement (the "Subject Shares") in favor of
the Merger, the adoption of the Merger Agreement and the approval of the terms
thereof and each of the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement;
(b) at any meeting of stockholders of CIENA or at any adjournment thereof or in
any other circumstances upon which the Stockholder's vote, consent or other
approval is sought, the Stockholder will vote (or cause to be voted) the Subject
Shares against any amendment of the CIENA Charter (as defined herein) or the
CIENA By-laws (as defined herein), which amendment would in any manner impede,
frustrate, prevent or nullify the Merger, the Merger Agreement or any of the
other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement or change in any manner
the voting rights of any class of capital stock of CIENA; (c) the Stockholder
will not (i) sell (with certain exceptions), transfer, pledge, assign or
otherwise dispose of (including by gift) (collectively, "Transfer"), or enter
into any contract, option or other arrangement (including any profit-sharing
arrangement) with respect to the Transfer of the Subject Shares to any person or
(ii) enter into any voting arrangement, whether by proxy, voting agreement or
otherwise, in relation to the Subject Shares, and has agreed not to commit or
agree to take any of the foregoing actions; and (d) the Stockholder will not,
nor will the Stockholder permit any affiliate, director, officer, employee,
investment banker, attorney or other advisor or representative of the
Stockholder to, (i) directly or indirectly solicit, initiate or knowingly
encourage the submission of, any Takeover Proposal or (ii) directly or
indirectly participate in any discussions or negotiations regarding, or furnish
to any person any information with respect to, or take any other action to
facilitate any inquiries or the making of any proposal that constitutes or may
reasonably be expected to lead to, any Takeover Proposal. The Stockholder
Agreements are not intended to limit the action that the Stockholder may take to
discharge the Stockholder's fiduciary duties as a director of CIENA.
54
<PAGE> 63
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of
April 3, 1998 and unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of earnings
for the three months ended April 3, 1998 and for the years ended January 2,
1998, December 27, 1996 and December 29, 1995 are presented to reflect the
estimated impact of the Merger on the historical consolidated financial
statements of Tellabs and CIENA using the pooling of interests method of
accounting. For a description of the pooling of interests accounting with
respect to the Merger and certain other accounting matters, see "THE MERGER --
Anticipated Accounting Treatment." The unaudited pro forma condensed combined
financial statements have been prepared from, should be read with and are
qualified in their entirety by reference to the historical consolidated
financial statements and notes thereto of Tellabs and CIENA, which are
incorporated by reference in this Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus.
Tellabs' operates on a 52-53 week fiscal year. CIENA's fiscal year ends on
the Saturday nearest to the last day of October. The unaudited pro forma
condensed combined balance sheet as of April 3, 1998 combines Tellabs'
historical consolidated balance sheet as of April 3, 1998 with CIENA's
historical consolidated balance sheet as of January 31, 1998, giving effect to
the Merger as if it had occurred as of April 3, 1998. The unaudited pro forma
condensed combined statements of earnings for the three months ended April 3,
1998 and for the years ended January 2, 1998, December 27, 1996 and December 29,
1995 combine Tellabs' historical consolidated statements of earnings for the
three months ended April 3, 1998 and for the years ended January 2, 1998,
December 27, 1996 and December 29, 1995 with CIENA's historical consolidated
statements of operations for the three months ended January 31, 1998 and for the
years ended November 1, 1997, November 2, 1996 and October 28, 1995,
respectively, giving effect to the Merger as if it had occurred at the beginning
of each period presented.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements have been
included for illustrative purposes only, do not reflect any cost savings and
other synergies anticipated by Tellabs' management as a result of the Merger and
are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations or financial
position that would have occurred had the Merger been consummated at the dates
indicated, nor are they necessarily indicative of future results of operations
or financial position of the merged companies.
55
<PAGE> 64
TELLABS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED BALANCE SHEET
APRIL 3, 1998
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
HISTORICAL(1) PRO FORMA
---------------------- ----------------------------
TELLABS CIENA ADJUSTMENTS(2) COMBINED
------- ----- -------------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents................... $ 178,029 $257,425 $ 435,454
Investments in marketable securities........ 422,457 31,089 453,546
Accounts receivable, less allowances........ 259,595 89,305 348,900
Inventories................................. 94,467 61,388 155,855
Other....................................... 1,376 5,102 6,478
---------- -------- -------- ----------
Total current assets................... 955,924 444,309 1,400,233
Property, plant and equipment................. 352,108 101,339 453,447
Less accumulated depreciation................. 134,170 17,801 151,971
---------- -------- -------- ----------
217,938 83,538 301,476
Goodwill...................................... 58,482 10,978 69,460
Other assets.................................. 54,373 2,574 56,947
---------- -------- -------- ----------
$1,286,717 $541,399 $ -- $1,828,116
========== ======== ======== ==========
LIABILITIES
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable............................ $ 48,098 $ 33,472 $ 81,570
Accrued liabilities......................... 123,620 29,062 50,000 202,682
Income taxes................................ 57,417 17,417 74,834
---------- -------- -------- ----------
Total current liabilities.............. 229,135 79,951 50,000 359,086
Long-term debt................................ 2,850 -- 2,850
Other long-term liabilities................... 15,494 1,942 17,436
Deferred income taxes......................... 6,188 29,146 35,334
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred stock............................... -- -- --
Common Stock.................................. 1,822 1,011 2,833
Additional paid-in capital.................... 147,684 263,543 411,227
Cumulative foreign currency translation
adjustment.................................. (43,150) (37) (43,187)
Unrealized net holding gains on
available-for-sale securities............... 125,624 -- 125,624
Other......................................... -- (116) (116)
Retained earnings............................. 801,070 165,959 (50,000) 917,029
---------- -------- -------- ----------
Total Stockholders' Equity............. 1,033,050 430,360 (50,000) 1,413,410
---------- -------- -------- ----------
$1,286,717 $541,399 $ -- $1,828,116
========== ======== ======== ==========
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited
pro forma condensed combined financial statements.
56
<PAGE> 65
TELLABS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF EARNINGS
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED APRIL 3, 1998
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
HISTORICAL(1)
--------------------
TELLABS CIENA COMBINED
------- ----- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net Sales................................................... $327,502 $145,092 $472,594
Cost of sales............................................... 120,219 58,980 179,199
-------- -------- --------
Gross Profit........................................... 207,283 86,112 293,395
Marketing................................................... 47,152 9,589 56,741
Research and development.................................... 43,306 10,203 53,509
General and administrative.................................. 19,449 3,791 23,240
Goodwill amortization....................................... 1,476 380 1,856
-------- -------- --------
Total Operating Expense................................ 111,383 23,963 135,346
-------- -------- --------
Operating Profit............................................ 95,900 62,149 158,049
Interest income............................................. 4,039 3,832 7,871
Interest expense............................................ (85) (84) (169)
Other income (expense), net................................. 1,248 (57) 1,191
-------- -------- --------
Earnings before income taxes................................ 101,102 65,840 166,942
Income taxes................................................ 32,858 26,142 59,000
-------- -------- --------
Net Earnings........................................... $ 68,244 $ 39,698 $107,942
======== ======== ========
Earnings per share.......................................... $ 0.38 $ 0.39 $ 0.38
Earnings per share, assuming dilution....................... $ 0.37 $ 0.37 $ 0.37
Average number of common shares outstanding................. 181,873 100,641 282,514
Average number of common shares outstanding, assuming
dilution.................................................. 186,947 107,552 294,499
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited
pro forma condensed combined financial statements.
57
<PAGE> 66
TELLABS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF EARNINGS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED JANUARY 2, 1998
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
HISTORICAL(1)
----------------------
TELLABS CIENA COMBINED
------- ----- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net Sales................................................... $1,203,546 $413,215 $1,616,761
Cost of sales............................................... 445,543 166,472 612,015
---------- -------- ----------
Gross Profit.............................................. 758,003 246,743 1,004,746
Marketing................................................... 156,701 22,627 179,328
Research and development.................................... 158,129 23,308 181,437
General and administrative.................................. 73,717 19,315 93,032
Goodwill amortization....................................... 5,992 8 6,000
---------- -------- ----------
Total Operating Expense................................... 394,539 65,258 459,797
---------- -------- ----------
Operating Profit............................................ 363,464 181,485 544,949
Interest income............................................. 12,476 8,716 21,192
Interest expense............................................ (413) (408) (821)
Other income (expense), net................................. 24,002 (1,123) 22,879
---------- -------- ----------
Earnings before income taxes................................ 399,529 188,670 588,199
Income taxes................................................ 135,840 72,703 208,543
---------- -------- ----------
Net Earnings.............................................. $ 263,689 $115,967 $ 379,656
========== ======== ==========
Earnings per share.......................................... $ 1.46 $ 1.53 $ 1.48
Earnings per share, assuming dilution....................... $ 1.42 $ 1.11 $ 1.31
Average number of common shares outstanding................. 180,925 75,802 256,727
Average number of common shares outstanding, assuming
dilution.................................................. 186,221 104,664 290,885
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited
pro forma condensed combined financial statements.
58
<PAGE> 67
TELLABS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF EARNINGS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 27, 1996
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
HISTORICAL(1)
------------------
TELLABS CIENA COMBINED
------- ----- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net Sales................................................... $868,975 $88,463 $957,438
Cost of sales............................................... 349,732 47,315 397,047
-------- ------- --------
Gross Profit.............................................. 519,243 41,148 560,391
Marketing................................................... 112,206 5,641 117,847
Research and development.................................... 107,258 8,922 116,180
Acquired in-process research and development................ 74,658 -- 74,658
General and administrative.................................. 52,495 6,322 58,817
Goodwill amortization....................................... 3,683 100 3,783
-------- ------- --------
Total Operating Expense................................... 350,300 20,985 371,285
-------- ------- --------
Operating Profit............................................ 168,943 20,163 189,106
Interest income............................................. 7,371 1,710 9,081
Interest expense............................................ (1,173) (443) (1,616)
Other income (expense), net................................. 141 (614) (473)
-------- ------- --------
Earnings before income taxes................................ 175,282 20,816 196,098
Income taxes................................................ 57,317 3,553 60,870
-------- ------- --------
Net Earnings.............................................. $117,965 $17,263 $135,228
======== ======= ========
Earnings per share.......................................... $ 0.66 $ 1.25 $ 0.70
Earnings per share, assuming dilution....................... $ 0.64 $ 0.19 $ 0.49
Average number of common shares outstanding................. 178,509 13,817 192,326
Average number of common shares outstanding, assuming
dilution.................................................. 183,030 92,407 275,437
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited
pro forma condensed combined financial statements.
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<PAGE> 68
TELLABS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF EARNINGS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 29, 1995
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
HISTORICAL(1)
-------------------
TELLABS CIENA COMBINED
------- ----- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net Sales................................................... $635,229 $21,691 $656,920
Cost of sales............................................... 271,394 16,185 287,579
-------- ------- --------
Gross Profit........................................... 363,835 5,506 369,341
Marketing................................................... 85,843 1,907 87,750
Research and development.................................... 81,893 6,361 88,254
General and administrative.................................. 36,878 2,863 39,741
Goodwill amortization....................................... 2,568 171 2,739
-------- ------- --------
Total Operating Expense................................ 207,182 11,302 218,484
-------- ------- --------
Operating Profit (loss)..................................... 156,653 (5,796) 150,857
Interest income............................................. 5,855 530 6,385
Interest expense............................................ (124) (263) (387)
Other income (expense), net................................. 441 (95) 346
-------- ------- --------
Earnings (loss) before income taxes......................... 162,825 (5,624) 157,201
Income taxes................................................ 47,219 824 48,043
-------- ------- --------
Net Earnings (loss).................................... $115,606 $(6,448) $109,158
======== ======= ========
Earnings (loss) per share................................... $ 0.66 $ (0.51) $ 0.58
Earnings (loss) per share, assuming dilution................ $ 0.63 $ (0.51) $ 0.44
Average number of common shares outstanding................. 176,388 12,717 189,105
Average number of common shares outstanding, assuming
dilution.................................................. 183,255 12,717 250,791
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited
pro forma condensed combined financial statements.
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<PAGE> 69
TELLABS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Certain amounts in the historical financial statements of Tellabs and CIENA
have been reclassified for presentation of the unaudited pro forma condensed
combined financial statements.
2. Tellabs expects to incur approximately $50 million to $55 million of
non-recurring expenses related to the Merger. These expenses include, but are
not limited to, professional fees, regulatory filing costs, fees of financial
advisors and other unusual and non-recurring items. Although Tellabs believes
this estimate of non-recurring expenses is accurate, certain material
additional costs may be incurred in connection with the Merger. Merger
related expenses will be recorded in the period in which the Merger is
consummated, which is currently estimated to occur in the third quarter of
1998. Because the foregoing charges are non-recurring in nature, they have
not been reflected in the pro forma condensed combined statements of
earnings. The low end of the $50 million to $55 million range has been used
for the presentation of the unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance
sheet information contained herein.
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<PAGE> 70
DESCRIPTION OF TELLABS COMMON STOCK
The statements set forth under this heading with respect to the DGCL,
Tellabs' Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (the "Tellabs
Charter"), and Tellabs' Amended and Restated By-laws (the "Tellabs By-laws")
(copies of which have been filed as Exhibits to the Registration Statement) are
brief summaries thereof and do not purport to be complete; such statements are
subject to the detailed provisions of the DGCL, the Tellabs Charter and the
Tellabs By-laws. See "AVAILABLE INFORMATION."
CAPITAL STOCK
The authorized capital stock of Tellabs consists of 500,000,000 shares of
Tellabs Common Stock and 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, $.01 par value
(the "Tellabs Preferred Stock"). At the close of business on July 20, 1998,
there were 182,558,702 shares of Tellabs Common Stock issued and outstanding and
no shares of Tellabs Preferred Stock issued or outstanding.
The Tellabs Board is authorized by the Tellabs Charter to issue Tellabs
Preferred Stock in one or more series, from time to time, with such voting
powers, full or limited, or without voting powers, and with such designations,
preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and
qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, as may be stated in the
resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of Tellabs Preferred Stock
adopted by the Tellabs Board. The issuance of shares of Tellabs Preferred Stock
would affect the relative rights of Tellabs Common Stock, depending upon the
exact terms, qualifications, limitations and relative rights and preferences, if
any, of the shares of Tellabs Preferred Stock as determined by the Tellabs Board
at the time of issuance.
DIVIDEND RIGHTS
The holders of Tellabs Common Stock are entitled to receive ratably, from
funds legally available for the payment thereof, dividends when and as declared
by resolution of the Tellabs Board, subject to any preferential dividend rights
of the holders of any outstanding series of Tellabs Preferred Stock. Tellabs has
never paid cash dividends and currently has no plans to pay cash dividends in
the near future. See "SUMMARY -- Market Prices."
VOTING RIGHTS
The holders of Tellabs Common Stock are entitled to one vote for each share
held on each matter submitted to a vote of stockholders and do not have
cumulative voting rights. Accordingly, holders of a majority of the shares of
Tellabs Common Stock entitled to vote in any election of directors may elect all
of the directors then standing for election. See "-- Change of Control" for
information regarding Tellabs' classified Board of Directors. All elections and
matters submitted to a vote of stockholders are decided by the affirmative vote
of a majority of the shares present (in person or by proxy) and entitled to vote
at a meeting at which a quorum is present, except as otherwise required by the
DGCL or the Tellabs Charter. The Tellabs Charter prohibits action by holders of
Tellabs Common Stock to be taken by written consent.
Under Delaware law, the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding
shares is sufficient for amendments to the certificate of incorporation, unless
the certificate of incorporation specifies a higher percentage. Article Sixth of
the Tellabs Charter provides that the provisions of Article Fifth (relating to
the vote required to amend the Tellabs By-laws) and Article Sixth (relating to
provisions regarding the election of members to the Tellabs Board and meetings
of stockholders) may not be repealed or amended unless such action is approved
by the affirmative vote of the holders of 75% of the voting power of the then
outstanding shares of Tellabs. Article Fifth of the Tellabs Charter provides
that the Tellabs By-laws may be amended or repealed by the Tellabs Board.
CHANGE OF CONTROL
The DGCL, the Tellabs Charter and the Tellabs By-laws contain provisions
that could discourage or make more difficult a change of control of Tellabs.
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<PAGE> 71
Charter and By-law Provisions. The Tellabs By-laws provide that special
meetings of stockholders may be called by the President or by the President upon
the written request of a majority of the Tellabs Board. Stockholders of Tellabs
are not entitled to request a special meeting.
The Tellabs By-laws provide that nominations for the election of directors
may be made by the Tellabs Board or a committee appointed by the Tellabs Board
or by any stockholder entitled to vote in the election of directors generally.
However, any stockholder entitled to vote in the election of directors generally
may nominate one or more persons for election as directors at a meeting of
stockholders of Tellabs only if written notice of such stockholder's intent to
make such nomination or nominations has been given, either by personal delivery
or by mail, postage prepaid, to Tellabs not later than (i) with respect to an
election to be held at an annual meeting of stockholders, 120 days in advance of
the date of the proxy statement released to stockholders in connection with the
previous year's annual meeting of stockholders, and (ii) with respect to an
election to be held at a special meeting of stockholders for the election of
directors, at least 15 days before the date that the proxy statement in
connection with such meeting is to be mailed to the stockholders. Each such
notice must set forth: (a) the name and address of the stockholder who intends
to make the nomination and of the persons or persons to be nominated; (b) a
representation that the stockholder is a holder of record of Tellabs stock
entitled to vote at such meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at
the meeting to nominate the person or persons specified in the notice; (c) a
description of all arrangements or understandings between the stockholder and
each nominee and any other person or persons (naming such person or persons)
pursuant to which the nomination or nominations are to be made by the
stockholder; (d) such other information regarding each nominee proposed by such
stockholder as would be required to be included in a proxy statement filed
pursuant to the proxy rules of the SEC, had the nominee been nominated, or
intended to be nominated, by the Tellabs Board; and (e) the consent of each
nominee to serve as a director if so elected. The presiding officer at the
meeting may refuse to acknowledge the nomination of any person not made in
compliance with the foregoing procedure.
Under the Tellabs By-laws, the Tellabs Board is currently fixed at eight
members. In addition, the Tellabs Board is divided into three classes, as nearly
equal in number as possible. At each annual meeting of stockholders, directors
elected to succeed those in the class whose terms then expire are elected for
three-year terms, so that the term of office of one class of directors will
expire each year. Vacancies which occur on the Tellabs Board shall be filled by
the Tellabs Board and directors elected to fill a vacancy will hold office for
the remainder of the term of the class to which they have been elected. If the
number of directors is modified, any increase or decrease in directorships would
be apportioned among the classes so as to make all classes as nearly equal in
number as possible. These staggered terms for directors extend the time required
to elect a majority of directors from one to two years. It would be impossible,
assuming no resignations or removals of directors, for the stockholders of
Tellabs to change a majority of the directors of Tellabs at any annual meeting
should they consider such a change desirable, unless Article Sixth of the
Tellabs Charter is amended by action of at least 75% of the voting power of the
then outstanding shares of Tellabs. The stockholders of Tellabs have the ability
to remove directors only for cause, and only by action of holders of 75% of the
voting power of the then outstanding shares of Tellabs.
The Tellabs Charter provides that the Tellabs Board, when evaluating any
offer of another person to (a) make a tender or exchange offer for any equity
security of Tellabs, (b) merge or consolidate Tellabs with another corporation,
or (c) purchase or otherwise acquire all or substantially all of the properties
and assets of Tellabs, may in connection with the exercise of its judgment in
determining what is in the best interests of Tellabs and its stockholders, give
due consideration to all relevant factors, including without limitation the
social and economic effects on the employees, customers, suppliers and other
constituencies of Tellabs and its subsidiaries and in the communities in which
Tellabs and its subsidiaries operate or are located.
DGCL. Section 203 of the DGCL prohibits generally a public Delaware
corporation, including Tellabs, from engaging in a Business Combination (as
defined herein) with an Interested Stockholder (as defined herein) for a period
of three years after the date of the transaction in which an Interested
Stockholder became such, unless: (i) the board of directors of such corporation
approved, prior to the date such Interested Stockholder became such, either such
Business Combination or such transaction; (ii) upon consummation of such
transaction, such Interested Stockholder owns at least 85% of the voting shares
of such corporation
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<PAGE> 72
(excluding specified shares); or (iii) such Business Combination is approved by
the board of directors of such corporation and authorized by the affirmative
vote (at an annual or special meeting and not by written consent) of at least
66 2/3% of the outstanding voting shares of such corporation (excluding shares
held by such Interested Stockholder). For purposes of Section 203 of the DGCL, a
"Business Combination" includes: (i) mergers, consolidations and sales or other
dispositions of 10% or more of the assets of a corporation to or with an
Interested Stockholder; (ii) certain transactions resulting in the issuance or
transfer to an Interested Stockholder of any stock of such corporation or its
subsidiaries; and (iii) other transactions resulting in a disproportionate
financial benefit to an Interested Stockholder, where an "Interested
Stockholder" is a person who, together with its affiliates and associates, owns
(or within a three-year period did own) 15% or more of a corporation's stock
entitled to vote generally in the election of directors.
LIQUIDATION RIGHTS
Upon the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of Tellabs,
the holders of Tellabs Common Stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets
of Tellabs available for distribution to such holders after the payment of all
debts and other liabilities, subject to the prior rights of the holders of any
outstanding series of Tellabs Preferred Stock.
MISCELLANEOUS
The holders of Tellabs Common Stock do not have preemptive, subscription,
redemption or conversion rights. The outstanding shares of Tellabs Common Stock
are, and the shares of Tellabs Common Stock to be delivered pursuant to the
Merger upon delivery will be, duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable. The outstanding shares of Tellabs Common Stock are, and the
shares of Tellabs Common Stock to be delivered pursuant to the Merger upon
notice of issuance will be, listed on Nasdaq. Harris Trust and Savings Bank is
the transfer agent and registrar for Tellabs Common Stock.
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<PAGE> 73
COMPARISON OF THE RIGHTS OF HOLDERS OF
TELLABS COMMON STOCK AND CIENA COMMON STOCK
The statements set forth under this heading with respect to the DGCL,
CIENA's Third Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (the "CIENA
Charter"), and Amended and Restated By-laws (the "CIENA By-laws"), the Tellabs
Charter and the Tellabs By-laws (copies of which have been filed as Exhibits to
the Registration Statement) are brief summaries thereof and do not purport to be
complete; such statements are subject to the detailed provisions of the DGCL,
the CIENA Charter, the CIENA By-laws, the Tellabs Charter and the Tellabs
By-laws. See "AVAILABLE INFORMATION."
GENERAL
The following summary compares certain rights of the holders of CIENA
Common Stock to the rights of the holders of Tellabs Common Stock. The rights of
holders of CIENA Common Stock are governed principally by the DGCL, the CIENA
Charter and the CIENA By-laws. Upon consummation of the Merger, such
stockholders will become holders of Tellabs Common Stock, and their rights will
be governed principally by the DGCL, the Tellabs Charter and the Tellabs Bylaws.
In most respects, the rights of Tellabs stockholders are similar to those of
CIENA stockholders. The following summarizes the material differences between
the rights of holders of CIENA Common Stock and Tellabs Common Stock.
DIVIDENDS
Under the DGCL, a corporation may pay dividends out of surplus (defined as
the excess, if any, of net assets over capital) or, if no such surplus exists,
out of its net profits for the fiscal year in which such dividends are declared
and/or for its preceding fiscal year; provided, that dividends may not be paid
out of net profits if the capital of such corporation is less than the aggregate
amount of capital represented by the issued and outstanding stock of all classes
having a preference upon the distribution of assets.
Neither Tellabs nor CIENA has ever paid cash dividends and currently
neither has plans to pay cash dividends in the near future. See "DESCRIPTION OF
TELLABS COMMON STOCK -- Dividend Rights" and "SUMMARY -- Market Prices."
VOTING RIGHTS
Each share of CIENA Common Stock and each share of Tellabs Common Stock is
entitled to one vote on each matter submitted to a vote of stockholders. Neither
the holders of CIENA Common Stock nor the holders of Tellabs Common Stock have
cumulative voting rights in the election of directors.
The CIENA directors are elected by the affirmative vote of the plurality of
the votes cast (in person or by proxy) in the election of directors at a meeting
of stockholders at which a quorum is present. The Tellabs directors are elected
by the affirmative vote of the majority of the shares present (in person or by
proxy) and entitled to vote in the election of directors at a meeting of
stockholders at which a quorum is present. For additional information regarding
the comparable voting rights of the holders of Tellabs Common Stock, see
"DESCRIPTION OF TELLABS COMMON STOCK -- Voting Rights."
DIRECTORS
Number and Election of Directors. Under the DGCL, the charter document or
by-laws of a corporation may specify the number of directors. The CIENA Charter
provides that the number of directors is to be set by the CIENA Board, with the
initial number being seven. The current number of directors has been designated
by the CIENA Board to be seven. The number of directors may be changed only by
resolution of the CIENA Board. The CIENA Board may fill vacancies and newly
created directorships. Under the Tellabs Charter and the Tellabs By-laws the
number of directors on the Tellabs Board is currently fixed at eight members.
The size of the Tellabs Board may be changed by amending the Tellabs By-laws.
The Tellabs Board shall fill vacancies and newly created directorships.
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Classification. Directors on the Tellabs Board serve staggered terms of
office. The Tellabs Charter provides that the Tellabs Board shall be divided,
with respect to the terms of office for the individual directors, into three
classes, as nearly equal as possible, with each class to serve a staggered
three-year term. The CIENA Charter provides that the CIENA Board is to be
divided, with respect to the terms of office for the individual directors, into
three classes consisting of two or more directors (the initial allocation being
made by the CIENA Board) with each class to serve a staggered three-year term.
Removal. In the absence of express director removal provisions, the DGCL
provides that directors may be removed, with or without cause, by holders of a
majority of the shares then entitled to vote at an election of directors, except
that, with respect to a staggered board, in the absence of contrary provisions
in a corporation's certificate of incorporation, stockholders may only remove a
director for cause. The Tellabs Charter expressly provides for the removal (only
for cause) of any director or directors on the Tellabs Board only by the
affirmative vote of either the holders of 75% of the voting power of the then
outstanding shares of capital stock of Tellabs entitled to vote in the election
of directors or by a majority of the Tellabs Board. The CIENA Charter expressly
provides that any director or the entire CIENA Board may be removed from office
at any time, with or without cause, on the affirmative vote of the holders of at
least a majority of the voting power of all the then outstanding shares of
capital stock of CIENA entitled to vote generally in the election of directors.
Nominations. Neither the CIENA By-laws nor the CIENA Charter contains
provisions relating to the nominations of directors. See "Charter and By-law
provisions" under "DESCRIPTION OF TELLABS COMMON STOCK -- Change of Control" for
a description of the provisions of the Tellabs Charter and the Tellabs By-laws
relating to the nomination of directors.
Liability of Directors. The DGCL permits a corporation to limit the
personal liability of its directors, with specified exceptions. The DGCL permits
a corporation to include in its certificate of incorporation a provision
limiting or eliminating the liability of its directors to such corporation or
its stockholders for monetary damages arising from a breach of fiduciary duty,
except for: (i) a breach of the duty of loyalty to the corporation or its
stockholders; (ii) acts or omissions not in good faith or constituting
intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law; (iii) a declaration of a
dividend or the authorization of the repurchase or redemption of stock in
violation of the DGCL; or (iv) any transaction from which the director derived
an improper personal benefit. Both the CIENA Charter and the Tellabs Charter
limit the personal liability of directors to the maximum extent permitted by the
DGCL.
CALL OF SPECIAL MEETINGS
The CIENA Charter provides that a special meeting of the stockholders of
CIENA may be called only by the CIENA Board pursuant to a resolution duly
adopted by a majority of authorized directors or by the holders of not less than
10% of all the shares entitled to vote at such special meeting. A special
meeting of CIENA stockholders will also be called by the President or Secretary
of CIENA at the written request of stockholders who together hold at least 25%
of the outstanding shares of CIENA Common Stock entitled to vote at such special
meeting. Special meetings of stockholders of Tellabs may be called only by the
President of Tellabs or by the President of Tellabs upon the written request of
a majority of the Tellabs Board. Tellabs stockholders do not have the power to
compel a special meeting.
ACTION OF STOCKHOLDERS WITHOUT A MEETING
The DGCL permits the stockholders of a corporation to consent in writing to
any action without a meeting, unless the certificate of incorporation of such
corporation provides otherwise, provided such consent is signed by stockholders
having at least the minimum number of votes required to authorize such action at
a meeting of stockholders. The CIENA Charter specifically prohibits the
stockholders of CIENA from taking action without a meeting. Likewise, the
Tellabs Charter prohibits action by the holders of Tellabs Common Stock to be
taken by written consent.
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STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS
The CIENA By-laws restrict business that may be transacted at a special
meeting of CIENA stockholders to the subjects stated in the notice of the
meeting, unless all of the stockholders of CIENA are present in person or by
proxy, in which case any and all business may be transacted at the meeting even
though the meeting is held without notice. As described above, the Tellabs
Charter restricts the manner in which nominations for director may be made by
stockholders, but places no restrictions on other stockholder proposals. See
"Charter and By-Law Provisions" under "DESCRIPTION OF TELLABS COMMON STOCK --
Change of Control."
AMENDMENT TO CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
Under the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation of a corporation may be
amended by resolution of the board of directors and the affirmative vote of the
holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote
thereon. With respect to any amendment to the certificate of incorporation of a
corporation that would adversely affect a particular class or series of stock,
the DGCL requires the separate approval by the holders of the affected class or
series of stock, voting together as a single class. The CIENA Charter provides
that the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power
of the then outstanding shares of the capital stock of CIENA entitled to vote
generally in the election of directors is required to amend or repeal Articles
Sixth (regarding the management of CIENA), Seventh (relating to amendment of the
CIENA Charter) and Eighth and Ninth (relating to indemnification). For a
description of the requirements related to the amendment of the Tellabs Charter,
see "DESCRIPTION OF TELLABS COMMON STOCK -- Voting Rights."
AMENDMENT TO BY-LAWS
The CIENA By-laws may be amended or repealed by the affirmative vote of a
majority of the total number of authorized directors or by the affirmative vote
of the holders of 66 2/3% of the voting power of all of the then outstanding
shares of the capital stock of CIENA entitled to vote generally in the election
of directors. The Tellabs By-laws may be amended or replaced by the Tellabs
Board or by the affirmative vote of holders of at least 75% of the voting power
of the then outstanding shares of Tellabs capital stock entitled to vote in the
election of directors.
APPROVAL OF MERGERS AND ASSET SALES
Under the DGCL, unless required by its certificate of incorporation
(neither the CIENA Charter nor the Tellabs Charter contain such a requirement),
no vote of the stockholders of a constituent corporation surviving a merger is
necessary to authorize such merger if: (i) the agreement of merger does not in
any way amend the certificate of incorporation of such constituent corporation;
(ii) each share of stock of such constituent corporation outstanding immediately
prior to such merger is to be an identical outstanding or treasury share of the
surviving corporation after such merger; (iii) either no shares of Common Stock
of the surviving corporation and no shares, securities or obligations
convertible into such Common Stock are to be issued under the plan of merger, or
the number of shares of Common Stock issued or so issuable does not exceed 20%
of the number thereof outstanding immediately prior to such merger; and (iv)
certain other conditions are satisfied. In addition, the DGCL provides that a
parent corporation that is the record holder of at least 90% of the outstanding
shares of each class of stock of a subsidiary may merge such subsidiary into
such parent corporation without the approval of such subsidiary's stockholders
or board of directors.
The Tellabs Charter provides that the Tellabs Board, when evaluating any
offer of another person to (a) make a tender or exchange offer for any equity
security of Tellabs, (b) merge or consolidate Tellabs with another corporation,
or (c) purchase or otherwise acquire all or substantially all of the properties
and assets of Tellabs, may in connection with the exercise of its judgment in
determining what is in the best interests of Tellabs and its stockholders, give
due consideration to all relevant factors, including without limitation the
social and economic effects on the employees, customers, suppliers and other
constituencies of Tellabs and its
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subsidiaries and in the communities in which Tellabs and its subsidiaries
operate or are located. Neither the CIENA Charter nor the CIENA By-laws contains
a similar provision.
INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
Section 145 of the DGCL permits a corporation to indemnify any person who
was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to: (i) any action, suit
or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other
than an action by or in the right of the corporation) against expenses
(including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and reasonable settlement amounts
if such person acted in good faith and reasonably believed that his or her
actions were in or not opposed to the best interests of such corporation and,
with respect to any criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe that
his or her conduct was unlawful; or (ii) any derivative action or suit on behalf
of such corporation against expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and
reasonably incurred in connection with the defense or settlement of such action
or suit, if such person acted in good faith and reasonably believed that his or
her actions were in or not opposed to the best interests of such corporation.
With respect to derivative suits and actions, in the event that a person is
adjudged to be liable to the corporation, the DGCL prohibits indemnification
unless, and then only to the extent that, either the Delaware Court of Chancery
or the court in which such derivative action or suit was brought determines that
such person is entitled to indemnification for those expenses which that court
deems proper. To the extent that a representative of a corporation has been
successful on the merits or otherwise in the defense of a third party or
derivative action, indemnification for actual and reasonable expenses incurred
is mandatory.
The CIENA Charter provides for the indemnification of directors and
officers of CIENA to the maximum extent permitted by the DGCL. The CIENA By-laws
authorize the CIENA Board, from time to time, to indemnify all other persons
whom it has the power to indemnify to the extent permitted by law. The CIENA
By-laws also provide for the advancement of certain expenses upon receipt of an
undertaking to repay such amounts so advanced to which the officer or director
is determined not to be entitled.
The Tellabs By-laws provide for indemnification of directors and officers
of Tellabs to the maximum extent permitted under the DGCL. The Tellabs By-laws
further provide for the advancement of certain expenses upon receipt of an
undertaking to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that such
director or officer is not entitled to be indemnified by Tellabs.
ANTI-TAKEOVER PROVISIONS
Section 203 of the DGCL prohibits generally a public Delaware corporation
from engaging in a Business Combination with an Interested Stockholder for a
period of three years after the date of the transaction in which an Interested
Stockholder became such, unless: (i) the board of directors of such corporation
approved, prior to the date such Interested Stockholder became such, either such
Business Combination or such transaction; (ii) upon consummation of such
transaction, such Interested Stockholder owns at least 85% of the voting shares
of such corporation (excluding specified shares); or (iii) such Business
Combination is approved by the board of directors of such corporation and
authorized by the affirmative vote (at an annual or special meeting and not by
written consent) of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting shares of such
corporation (excluding shares held by such Interested Stockholder).
Neither the CIENA Charter and CIENA By-laws nor the Tellabs Charter and
Tellabs By-laws contain provisions making Section 203 of the DGCL inapplicable
to CIENA or Tellabs, respectively. For information on the provisions of the DGCL
with respect to certain Business Combinations, see "DGCL" under "DESCRIPTION OF
TELLABS COMMON STOCK -- Change of Control."
RIGHTS AGREEMENT
Pursuant to the Rights Agreement, each holder of an outstanding share of
CIENA Common Stock has received one Right entitling the holder thereof to
purchase from CIENA, at a price of $300, subject to adjustment (the "Purchase
Price"), one one-thousandth of a share of Series A Junior Participating
Preferred Stock.
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Until the earlier to occur of (i) 10 days following a public announcement
that a person or group of affiliated or associated persons (other than CIENA or
a related entity) has acquired, or obtained the right to acquire, beneficial
ownership of 15% or more of the outstanding shares of CIENA Common Stock or (ii)
10 business days (unless extended by the continuing directors of the CIENA Board
in accordance with the Rights Agreement) following the commencement of a tender
offer or an exchange offer the consummation of which would result in the
beneficial ownership by a person of 15% or more of the outstanding shares of
CIENA Common Stock (the earlier of the dates specified in clauses (i) and (ii)
being the "Distribution Date"), the Rights will be evidenced by certificates
representing CIENA Common Stock, will be transferable only with CIENA Common
Stock and will not be exercisable. After the Distribution Date, the Rights will
become exercisable and separate certificates evidencing the Rights will be
mailed to holders of record of CIENA Common Stock as of the close of business on
the Distribution Date. Thereafter, such separate certificates alone will
evidence the Rights.
In the event that any person (other than CIENA or a related entity) becomes
the beneficial owner of 15% or more of the then outstanding shares of CIENA
Common Stock (except pursuant to an offer for all outstanding shares of CIENA
Common Stock which the continuing directors (who are not also executive
officers) of CIENA determine to be fair and otherwise in the best interest of
CIENA and its stockholders), each holder of a Right will have the right to
exercise the Rights by purchasing, for an amount equal to the Purchase Price,
shares of CIENA Common Stock (or, in certain circumstances, cash, property or
other securities of CIENA) having a market value equal to two times the Purchase
Price. After the occurrence of the events described in the preceding sentence,
all Rights which are, or under circumstances described in the Rights Agreement
were, beneficially owned by such person will be void. In addition, after the
first public announcement that any person has become such a 15% beneficial
owner, in the event that CIENA is acquired in a merger or other business
combination transaction in which CIENA is not the surviving corporation (other
than a merger which follows an offer described in the preceding paragraph) or
50% or more of CIENA's assets or earning power is sold or transferred, each
holder of a Right (except Rights which have become void) will thereafter have
the right to receive, upon exercise, common stock of the acquiring company
having a value equal to two times the Purchase Price of the Right.
Under certain circumstances, CIENA may redeem the Rights in whole, but not
in part, at a price of $.001 per Right (payable in cash, shares of CIENA Common
Stock or other consideration deemed appropriate by the CIENA Board), subject to
adjustment. The Rights will expire at the close of business on December 29, 2007
unless earlier redeemed or exchanged; provided, however, that the Rights will
cease to be exercisable immediately prior to the Effective Time. The Rights
Agreement was amended on June 2, 1998 such that none of the approval, execution
or delivery of the Merger Agreement, the Stock Option Agreement or the
Stockholder Agreements, the acquisition of CIENA Common Stock solely pursuant to
the terms of the Stock Option Agreement, or the consummation of the Merger and
the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, the Stock Option
Agreement and the Stockholder Agreements will cause (i) Tellabs or Sub or any of
their affiliates or associates to be deemed a 15% beneficial owner as described
in the preceding two paragraphs, (ii) such actions to be deemed a public
announcement that any person has become such a 15% beneficial owner or (iii) a
Distribution Date to occur.
Tellabs has not adopted any plan similar to the Rights Agreement, although
Tellabs may adopt a similar plan at any time without a vote of the stockholders
of Tellabs.
LIQUIDATION
The CIENA Charter provides that, upon the liquidation of CIENA, the holders
of shares of certain classes of preferred stock of CIENA are to receive
distributions of assets prior to holders of certain other shares of capital
stock of CIENA, including holders of shares of CIENA Common Stock. Currently no
shares of preferred stock of CIENA are issued and outstanding. Upon the
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of Tellabs, the holders
Tellabs Common Stock are entitled to share ratably in all remaining assets of
Tellabs available for distribution to such holders, subject to the prior rights
of the holders of any outstanding series of Tellabs Preferred Stock. See
"DESCRIPTION OF TELLABS COMMON STOCK -- Liquidation Rights."
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MISCELLANEOUS
Neither shares of CIENA Common Stock nor shares of Tellabs Common Stock
have preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights.
BUSINESS OF TELLABS
Tellabs designs, manufactures, markets and services voice and data
transport and network access systems that are used worldwide by public telephone
companies, long-distance carriers, alternate service providers, cellular and
other wireless service providers, cable operators, government agencies,
utilities and business end-users.
Products provided by Tellabs include digital cross-connect systems, managed
digital networks, network access and wireless system products. Digital
cross-connect systems include Tellabs' TITAN (a registered trademark of Tellabs
Operations, Inc.) 5500 and 5300 series of digital cross-connect systems. Managed
digital networks include Tellabs' MartisDXX (a Finnish trademark of Tellabs Oy)
integrated access and transport system, statistical multiplexers, packet
switches, and T1 multiplexers, and network management systems. Network access
products include digital signal processing products such as echo cancelers and
T-coders; special service products such as voice frequency products; and local
access products such as the CABLESPAN (a registered trademark of Tellabs
Operations, Inc.) system.
Tellabs' products are sold in both the domestic and international
marketplaces (under the Tellabs name and trademarks and under private labels)
through Tellabs' field sales force and selected distributors to a major customer
base. This base includes Regional Bell Operating Companies, independent
telephone companies, interexchange carriers, local telephone administrations,
local exchange carriers, original equipment manufacturers, cellular and other
wireless service companies, cable operators, alternate service providers, system
integrators, government agencies, and business end-users ranging from small
businesses to Fortune 500 companies.
Tellabs was incorporated in Delaware in 1992 in connection with the
reincorporation of its predecessor corporation from an Illinois corporation to a
Delaware corporation. Tellabs' predecessor corporation began operations in 1975
and became a public company in 1980.
Tellabs' principal executive offices are located at 4951 Indiana Avenue,
Lisle, Illinois 60532-1698 and its telephone number is (630) 378-8800. For
further information concerning Tellabs, see "SUMMARY -- Selected Consolidated
Financial Data of Tellabs," "AVAILABLE INFORMATION" and "INCORPORATION OF
DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE."
BUSINESS OF CIENA
CIENA designs, manufactures and sells DWDM systems for fiberoptic
communications networks. CIENA's first DWDM solution, the MultiWave(R) 1600
system, alleviates capacity, or bandwidth, constraints in high traffic, long
distance fiberoptic routes without requiring the installation of new fiber. In
addition, the MultiWave 1600 system enables flexible provisioning of additional
bandwidth without requiring an upgrade of existing network transmission
equipment. The MultiWave 1600 system can increase the carrying capacity of a
single optical fiber 16 fold by allowing simultaneous transmission of up to 16
optical channels per fiber. This permits fiber currently carrying signals at
transmission speeds of up to 2.5 Gb/s to carry up to 40 Gb/s. CIENA's MultiWave
1600 system includes optical transmission terminals, optical amplifiers, optical
add/drop multiplexers and network management software. The MultiWave 1600 system
is designed with an open architecture that allows the MultiWave 1600 system to
interoperate with carriers' existing fiberoptic transmission systems having a
broad range of transmission speeds and signal formats. CIENA's MultiWave
Sentry(TM), the second generation version of the MultiWave 1600, includes
enhancements that significantly expand the ability of the MultiWave system to
interface with data communications equipment in addition to other types of
transmission equipment and increase the distance which can be spanned between
transmission terminals. In March 1998, CIENA began shipments of the MultiWave
4000, the third generation of the
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MultiWave 1600. CIENA's MultiWave 4000 incorporates the basic features of both
the MultiWave 1600 and the MultiWave Sentry, but is scalable to allow
simultaneous transmission of up to 40 optical channels per fiber at rates of up
to 2.5 Gb/s per channel for a total maximum throughput of 100 Gb/s. CIENA's
MultiWave Firefly(TM), designed for point-to-point short-haul applications
(distances of 65km or less) not requiring optical amplifiers, allows
simultaneous transmission of up to 24 optical channels per fiber at transmission
speeds of up to 2.5 Gb/s per channel. CIENA's recently announced MultiWave
Metro(TM) targets campus and interoffice rings and high bandwidth local loop
services, using DWDM technology with as many as 24 different wavelengths.
MultiWave Metro is designed to provide high aggregate bandwidth capacity for
multiple applications and data rates. The product simultaneously aggregates
multiple traffic types, including SONET/SDH (at both the SONET levels of 622
Mb/s and 2.5 Gb/s), ATM and fast IP in a ring environment, providing network
survivability and the ability to add or drop traffic at various locations around
the ring.
CIENA believes it is a worldwide market leader in field deployment of open
architecture DWDM systems. For the fiscal year ended October 31, 1997, CIENA
recorded $413.2 million in revenue, of which approximately $179.4 million was
from sales to Sprint Corporation under a non-exclusive supply agreement and
approximately $184.5 million was from sales to LDDS WorldCom ("WorldCom") under
non-exclusive supply agreements. During the first quarter of 1998, WorldCom
informed CIENA that a change in its deployment policy would result in a
substantial reduction in system requirements from CIENA during fiscal 1998
compared to fiscal 1997. A large majority of CIENA's fiscal 1997 revenue was
derived from sales of the MultiWave 1600 system. CIENA has recently entered into
agreements with AT&T, Bell Atlantic and Hermes Europe Railtel, among others, and
is actively seeking additional customers among long distance, local and
interoffice fiberoptic network operators in the worldwide telecommunications
market.
In April 1998, CIENA acquired Terabit Technology, Inc. ("Terabit"), an
optical component manufacturer, for approximately $1.1 million in cash, 134,390
shares of CIENA Common Stock and the assumption of certain outstanding options.
Prior to the acquisition of Terabit, CIENA had held approximately 20% of
Terabit's outstanding equity securities. In January 1998, CIENA acquired all of
the outstanding capital stock of ATI Telecom International, Ltd., a provider of
engineering, furnishing and installation services for telecommunications service
providers, in exchange for approximately 1,000,000 shares of CIENA Common Stock.
In December 1997, CIENA acquired Astracom, Inc. ("Astracom"), a start-up
telecommunications company located in Atlanta, Georgia, in exchange for 169,754
shares of CIENA Common Stock, $2.4 million in cash and the assumption of certain
outstanding stock options. The 15 employees who joined CIENA from Astracom
assisted in the development of MultiWave Metro and are focused on other
competitive local exchange carrier product development efforts. The acquisition
of ATI Telecom International, Ltd was accounted for as a pooling of interest
while the acquisition of Astracom and Terabit were accounted for under the
purchase method of accounting.
On June 1, 1998, CIENA entered into a settlement agreement with Pirelli SpA
("Pirelli"). The terms of the settlement agreement involve, among other things,
the dismissal with prejudice of pending litigation between the parties in
Delaware and before the United States International Trade Commission, a one-time
payment to Pirelli of $30 million and certain continuing royalty payments, a
world-wide non-exclusive cross-license to certain patent portfolios and a
five-year moratorium on future litigation between the parties. CIENA will record
a one-time charge in its fiscal third quarter of $20 million related to the
settlement.
CIENA was incorporated in Delaware in November 1992 and its principal
executive offices are located at 1201 Winterson Road, Linthicum, Maryland 21090,
and its telephone number is (410) 865-8500. For further information concerning
CIENA, see "SUMMARY -- Selected Consolidated Financial Data of CIENA,"
"AVAILABLE INFORMATION" and "INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE."
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of Tellabs for January 2, 1998 and
for the year then ended, incorporated by reference in Tellabs' Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended January 2, 1998, which
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is referred to and made a part of this Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus and
Registration Statement, were audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors,
as set forth in their report thereon and are incorporated by reference herein in
reliance upon such firm as experts in accounting and auditing. The consolidated
financial statements of Tellabs incorporated by reference in the Annual Report
on Form 10-K of Tellabs for the periods ended on or prior to December 27, 1996
were audited by Grant Thornton LLP, independent auditors, as stated in their
reports, which are incorporated by reference herein, and have been so
incorporated in reliance upon the reports of such firm given upon their
authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
The consolidated financial statements of CIENA as of October 31, 1997 and
1996 and for each of the years in the three-year period ended October 31, 1997,
are incorporated by reference herein in reliance upon the report of
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent certified public accountants,
incorporated by reference herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts
in accounting and auditing.
Representatives of Ernst & Young LLP and PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, are
expected to be present at the Tellabs Special Meeting and the CIENA Special
Meeting, respectively, will have the opportunity to make a statement if they
desire to do so and will be available to respond to appropriate questions.
LEGAL OPINIONS
The validity of the shares of Tellabs Common Stock being offered hereby is
being passed upon for Tellabs by Margaret Maxwell Zagel, Vice President and
General Counsel of Tellabs. Ms. Zagel is a stockholder of Tellabs and holds
options to purchase shares of Tellabs Common Stock.
It is a condition to the consummation of the Merger that Sidley & Austin,
counsel to Tellabs, and Hogan & Hartson L.L.P., counsel to CIENA, each deliver
opinions concerning certain federal income tax consequences of the Merger, dated
as of the Effective Time.
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ANNEX A
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
AMONG
TELLABS, INC.,
WHITE OAK MERGER CORP.
AND
CIENA CORPORATION
DATED AS OF JUNE 2, 1998
<PAGE> 82
AGREEMENT OF PLAN AND MERGER
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
----
<S> <C> <C>
ARTICLE I
THE MERGER
Section 1.1 The Merger.................................................. A-1
Section 1.2 Effective Time.............................................. A-2
Section 1.3 Effects of the Merger; Directors and Officers............... A-2
Section 1.4 Charter and Bylaws; Directors and Officers.................. A-2
Section 1.5 Conversion of Securities.................................... A-2
Section 1.6 Parent to Make Certificates Available....................... A-2
Section 1.7 Dividends; Transfer Taxes; Withholding...................... A-3
Section 1.8 No Fractional Securities.................................... A-4
Section 1.9 Return of Exchange Fund..................................... A-4
Section 1.10 Adjustment of Exchange Ratio................................ A-4
Section 1.11 No Further Ownership Rights in Company Common Stock......... A-4
Section 1.12 Closing of Company Transfer Books........................... A-4
Section 1.13 Lost Certificates........................................... A-4
Section 1.14 Further Assurances.......................................... A-4
Section 1.15 Closing..................................................... A-5
ARTICLE II
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND SUB
Section 2.1 Organization, Standing and Power............................ A-5
Section 2.2 Capital Structure........................................... A-5
Section 2.3 Authority................................................... A-6
Section 2.4 Consents and Approvals; No Violation........................ A-7
Section 2.5 SEC Documents and Other Reports............................. A-8
Section 2.6 Registration Statement and Joint Proxy Statement............ A-8
Section 2.7 Absence of Certain Changes or Events........................ A-8
Section 2.8 Permits and Compliance...................................... A-9
Section 2.9 Tax Matters................................................. A-9
Section 2.10 Actions and Proceedings..................................... A-10
Section 2.11 Certain Agreements.......................................... A-10
Section 2.12 ERISA....................................................... A-10
Section 2.13 Compliance with Worker Safety and Environmental Laws........ A-11
Section 2.14 Labor Matters............................................... A-11
Section 2.15 Intellectual Property....................................... A-11
Section 2.16 Opinion of Financial Advisor................................ A-12
Section 2.17 Required Vote of Parent Stockholders........................ A-12
Section 2.18 Pooling of Interests; Reorganization........................ A-12
Section 2.19 Brokers..................................................... A-12
Section 2.20 Operations of Sub........................................... A-12
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
Section 3.1 Organization, Standing and Power............................ A-12
Section 3.2 Capital Structure........................................... A-12
Section 3.3 Authority................................................... A-13
Section 3.4 Consents and Approvals; No Violation........................ A-14
Section 3.5 SEC Documents and Other Reports............................. A-14
Section 3.6 Registration Statement and Joint Proxy Statement............ A-15
</TABLE>
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<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
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<S> <C> <C>
Section 3.7 Absence of Certain Changes or Events........................ A-15
Section 3.8 Permits and Compliance...................................... A-15
Section 3.9 Tax Matters................................................. A-16
Section 3.10 Actions and Proceedings..................................... A-16
Section 3.11 Certain Agreements.......................................... A-17
Section 3.12 ERISA....................................................... A-17
Section 3.13 Compliance with Worker Safety and Environmental Laws........ A-18
Section 3.14 Labor Matters............................................... A-18
Section 3.15 Intellectual Property....................................... A-18
Section 3.16 Opinion of Financial Advisor................................ A-19
Section 3.17 State Takeover Statutes; Certain Charter Provisions......... A-19
Section 3.18 Required Vote of Company Stockholders....................... A-19
Section 3.19 Pooling of Interests; Reorganization........................ A-19
Section 3.20 Brokers..................................................... A-19
Section 3.21 Rights Agreement............................................ A-19
ARTICLE IV
COVENANTS RELATING TO CONDUCT OF BUSINESS
Section 4.1 Conduct of Business Pending the Merger...................... A-20
Section 4.2 No Solicitation............................................. A-22
Section 4.3 Third Party Standstill Agreements........................... A-23
Section 4.4 Pooling of Interests; Reorganization........................ A-23
ARTICLE V
ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS
Section 5.1 Stockholder Meetings........................................ A-23
Section 5.2 Preparation of the Registration Statement and the Joint
Proxy Statement............................................. A-24
Section 5.3 Intentionally Omitted....................................... A-24
Section 5.4 Access to Information....................................... A-24
Section 5.5 Compliance with the Securities Act.......................... A-24
Section 5.6 Current Nasdaq Quotation.................................... A-25
Section 5.7 Fees and Expenses........................................... A-25
Section 5.8 Company Stock Plans......................................... A-27
Section 5.9 Reasonable Best Efforts; Pooling of Interests............... A-27
Section 5.10 Public Announcements........................................ A-28
Section 5.11 Real Estate Transfer and Gains Tax.......................... A-28
Section 5.12 State Takeover Laws......................................... A-28
Section 5.13 Indemnification; Directors and Officers Insurance........... A-28
Section 5.14 Notification of Certain Matters............................. A-29
Section 5.15 Employee Benefit Plans and Agreements....................... A-29
Section 5.16 Rights Agreement............................................ A-29
Section 5.17 Directorships............................................... A-30
ARTICLE VI
CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO THE MERGER
Section 6.1 Conditions to Each Party's Obligation to Effect the
Merger...................................................... A-30
Section 6.2 Conditions to Obligation of the Company to Effect the
Merger...................................................... A-30
Section 6.3 Conditions to Obligations of Parent and Sub to Effect the
Merger...................................................... A-31
ARTICLE VII
TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND WAIVER
Section 7.1 Termination................................................. A-33
Section 7.2 Effect of Termination....................................... A-34
</TABLE>
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<TABLE>
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<S> <C> <C>
Section 7.3 Amendment................................................... A-35
Section 7.4 Waiver...................................................... A-35
ARTICLE VIII
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 8.1 Non-Survival of Representations and Warranties.............. A-35
Section 8.2 Notices..................................................... A-35
Section 8.3 Interpretation.............................................. A-36
Section 8.4 Counterparts................................................ A-36
Section 8.5 Entire Agreement; No Third-Party Beneficiaries.............. A-36
Section 8.6 Governing Law............................................... A-36
Section 8.7 Assignment.................................................. A-36
Section 8.8 Severability................................................ A-36
Section 8.9 Enforcement of this Agreement............................... A-36
</TABLE>
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TABLE OF DEFINED TERMS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DEFINED TERM SECTION
- ------------ -------
<S> <C>
Affiliate................................................... 5.7(b)(i)
Agreement................................................... Forepart
Blue Sky Laws............................................... 2.4
Certificate of Merger....................................... 1.2
Certificates................................................ 1.6(b)
Closing..................................................... 1.15
Code........................................................ Recitals
Company..................................................... Forepart
Company Affiliate Letter.................................... 5.5(a)
Company Annual Report....................................... 3.2(b)
Company Business Personnel.................................. 3.14
Company Bylaws.............................................. 1.4(a)
Company Charter............................................. 1.4(a)
Company Common Stock........................................ Recitals
Company Letter.............................................. 3.2(c)
Company Multiemployer Plan.................................. 3.12(c)
Company Permits............................................. 3.8(a)
Company Plan................................................ 3.12(c)
Company Preferred Stock..................................... 3.2(a)
Company SEC Documents....................................... 3.5
Company Stock Option Plans.................................. 3.2(a)
Company Stock Options....................................... 3.2(a)
Company Stock Purchase Plan................................. 3.2(a)
Company Stockholder Meeting................................. 5.1
Confidentiality Agreement................................... 5.4
Constituent Corporations.................................... Forepart
D&O Insurance............................................... 5.13
DGCL........................................................ 1.1
Effective Time.............................................. 1.2
Environmental Laws.......................................... 2.13
ERISA....................................................... 2.12(a)
ERISA Affiliate............................................. 2.12(c)
Exchange Act................................................ 2.4
Exchange Agent.............................................. 1.6(a)
Exchange Fund............................................... 1.6(a)
Exchange Ratio.............................................. 1.5(c)
Gains Taxes................................................. 5.11
Governmental Entity......................................... 2.4
HSR Act..................................................... 2.4
Intellectual Property Rights................................ 2.15(a)
IRS......................................................... 2.9
Joint Proxy Statement....................................... 2.6
Joint Venture............................................... 2.2(c)
Knowledge of Parent......................................... 2.8(b)
Knowledge of the Company.................................... 3.8(b)
Material Adverse Change..................................... 2.1
Material Adverse Effect..................................... 2.1
Merger...................................................... Recitals
NASDAQ...................................................... 1.8
Noncompetition Agreements................................... 3.12(d)
</TABLE>
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<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DEFINED TERM SECTION
- ------------ -------
<S> <C>
Parent...................................................... Forepart
Parent Acquisition Event.................................... 5.7(d)
Parent Affiliate Letter..................................... 5.5(b)
Parent Annual Report........................................ 2.2(b)
Parent Business Personnel................................... 2.14
Parent Bylaws............................................... 2.4
Parent Charter.............................................. 2.4
Parent Common Stock......................................... Recitals
Parent Letter............................................... 2.2(c)
Parent Multiemployer Plan................................... 2.12(c)
Parent Permits.............................................. 2.8(a)
Parent Plan................................................. 2.12(c)
Parent Preferred Stock...................................... 2.2(a)
Parent SEC Documents........................................ 2.5
Parent Stock Plans.......................................... 2.2(a)
Parent Stockholder Meeting.................................. 5.1
Parent Takeover Proposal.................................... 5.7(b)(ii)
Registration Statement...................................... 2.3
Rights...................................................... 3.2(a)
Rights Agreement............................................ 3.2(a)
Rule 145 Affiliates......................................... 5.5(a)
SEC 2.2(b) Securities Act................................... 2.3
Share Issuance.............................................. 2.3
State Takeover Approvals.................................... 2.4
Stock Option Agreement...................................... Recitals
Stockholder Agreements...................................... Recitals
Stockholder Meetings........................................ 5.1
Sub......................................................... Forepart
Subsidiary.................................................. 2.1
Substitute Option........................................... 5.8
Superior Proposal........................................... 4.2(a)
Surviving Corporation....................................... 1.1
Takeover Proposal........................................... 4.2(a)
Tax Return.................................................. 2.9
Taxes....................................................... 2.9
Termination Fee............................................. 5.7(c)
Third Party................................................. 5.7(c)
Third Party Acquisition Event............................... 5.7(c)
Worker Safety Laws.......................................... 2.13
</TABLE>
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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER, dated as of June 2, 1998 (this "Agreement"),
among Tellabs, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Parent"), White Oak Merger Corp.,
a Delaware corporation and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Parent ("Sub"),
and CIENA Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the "Company") (Sub and the
Company being hereinafter collectively referred to as the "Constituent
Corporations").
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, the respective Boards of Directors of Parent, Sub and the Company
have approved and declared advisable the merger of Sub with and into the Company
(the "Merger"), upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein,
whereby each issued and outstanding share of common stock, par value $.01 per
share, of the Company ("Company Common Stock") not owned directly or indirectly
by Parent or the Company will be converted into shares of Common Stock, par
value $.01 per share, of Parent ("Parent Common Stock");
WHEREAS, the respective Boards of Directors of Parent and the Company have
determined that the Merger is in furtherance of and consistent with their
respective long-term business strategies and is in the best interest of their
respective stockholders;
WHEREAS, in order to induce Parent and Sub to enter into this Agreement,
concurrently herewith Parent and the Company are entering into the Stock Option
Agreement dated as of the date hereof (the "Stock Option Agreement") in the form
of the attached Exhibit A;
WHEREAS, in order to induce Parent and Sub to enter into this Agreement,
concurrently herewith certain stockholders and each of the directors of the
Company are entering into stockholder agreements with Parent (the "Stockholder
Agreements"), pursuant to which, among other things, each such stockholder and
director (in such director's capacity as a stockholder) agrees to vote in favor
of this Agreement and the Merger and against any competing proposals;
WHEREAS, for federal income tax purposes, it is intended that the Merger
shall qualify as a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"); and
WHEREAS, it is intended that the Merger shall be recorded for accounting
purposes as a pooling of interests.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises, representations,
warranties and agreements herein contained, the parties agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
THE MERGER
Section 1.1 The Merger. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions
hereof, and in accordance with the Delaware General Corporation Law (the
"DGCL"), Sub shall be merged with and into the Company at the Effective Time (as
hereinafter defined). Following the Merger, the separate corporate existence of
Sub shall cease and the Company shall continue as the surviving corporation (the
"Surviving Corporation") and shall succeed to and assume all the rights and
obligations of Sub in accordance with the DGCL. Notwithstanding anything to the
contrary herein, at the election of Parent, any direct wholly owned Subsidiary
(as hereinafter defined) of Parent may be substituted for Sub as a constituent
corporation in the Merger; provided that such substituted corporation is a
Delaware corporation which is formed solely for the purpose of engaging in the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement and has engaged in no other business
activities. In such event, the parties agree to execute an appropriate amendment
to this Agreement, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Parent and
the Company, in order to reflect such substitution.
A-1
<PAGE> 88
Section 1.2 Effective Time. The Merger shall become effective when a
Certificate of Merger (the "Certificate of Merger"), executed in accordance with
the relevant provisions of the DGCL, is filed with the Secretary of State of the
State of Delaware; provided, however, that, upon mutual consent of the
Constituent Corporations, the Certificate of Merger may provide for a later date
of effectiveness of the Merger not more than 30 days after the date the
Certificate of Merger is filed. When used in this Agreement, the term "Effective
Time" shall mean the date and time at which the Certificate of Merger is
accepted for recording or such later time established by the Certificate of
Merger. The filing of the Certificate of Merger shall be made on the date of the
Closing (as hereinafter defined).
Section 1.3 Effects of the Merger; Directors and Officers. The Merger shall
have the effects set forth in this Agreement and in Section 259 of the DGCL.
Section 1.4 Charter and Bylaws; Directors and Officers. (a) At the
Effective Time, the Third Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, of
the Company (the "Company Charter"), as in effect immediately prior to the
Effective Time, shall be amended so that (i) Article FOURTH of the Company
Charter reads in its entirety as follows: "The total number of shares of all
classes of capital stock which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is
1,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share". As so amended, the
Company Charter shall be the Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving
Corporation until thereafter changed or amended as provided therein or by
applicable law. At the Effective Time, the Amended and Restated By-laws of the
Company (the "Company Bylaws"), as in effect immediately prior to the Effective
Time, shall be the Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter changed
or amended as provided therein or by the Company Charter.
(b) The directors of Sub at the Effective Time of the Merger shall be the
directors of the Surviving Corporation, until the earlier of their resignation
or removal or until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified,
as the case may be. The officers of the Company at the Effective Time of the
Merger shall be the officers of the Surviving Corporation, until the earlier of
their resignation or removal or until their respective successors are duly
elected and qualified, as the case may be.
Section 1.5 Conversion of Securities. As of the Effective Time, by virtue
of the Merger and without any action on the part of Sub, the Company or the
holders of any securities of the Constituent Corporations:
(a) Each issued and outstanding share of common stock, par value $.01 per
share, of Sub shall be converted into one validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable share of common stock of the Surviving Corporation.
(b) All shares of Company Common Stock, together with associated Rights (as
hereinafter defined), that are held in the treasury of the Company or by any
wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company and any shares of Company Common Stock,
together with the associated Rights, owned by Parent shall be cancelled and no
capital stock of Parent or other consideration shall be delivered in exchange
therefor.
(c) Subject to the provisions of Sections 1.8 and 1.10 hereof, each share
of Company Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time (other than shares to be cancelled in accordance with Section
1.5(b)), together with the associated Rights, shall be converted into one (such
number being the "Exchange Ratio") validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable
share of Parent Common Stock. All such shares of Company Common Stock and the
associated Rights, when so converted, shall no longer be outstanding and shall
automatically be cancelled and retired and each holder of a certificate
representing any such shares shall cease to have any rights with respect
thereto, except the right to receive any dividends and other distributions in
accordance with Section 1.7, certificates representing the shares of Parent
Common Stock into which such shares are converted and any cash, without
interest, in lieu of fractional shares to be issued or paid in consideration
therefor upon the surrender of such certificate in accordance with Section 1.6.
Section 1.6 Parent to Make Certificates Available. (a) Exchange of
Certificates. Parent shall authorize a commercial bank (or such other person or
persons as shall be reasonably acceptable to Parent and the Company) to act as
Exchange Agent hereunder (the "Exchange Agent"). As soon as practicable after
the Effective Time, Parent shall deposit with the Exchange Agent certificates
representing the shares of Parent
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Common Stock issuable pursuant to Section 1.5(c) for exchange with outstanding
shares of Company Common Stock and cash, as required to make payments in lieu of
any fractional shares pursuant to Section 1.8 (such cash and shares of Parent
Common Stock, together with any dividends or distributions with respect thereto,
being hereinafter referred to as the "Exchange Fund"). The Exchange Agent shall
deliver the Parent Common Stock contemplated to be issued pursuant to Section
1.5(c) out of the Exchange Fund.
(b) Exchange Procedures. Parent shall instruct the Exchange Agent, as soon
as practicable after the Effective Time, to mail to each record holder of a
certificate or certificates which immediately prior to the Effective Time
represented outstanding shares of Company Common Stock converted in the Merger
(the "Certificates") a letter of transmittal (which shall specify that delivery
shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to the Certificates shall pass,
only upon actual delivery of the Certificates to the Exchange Agent, and shall
contain instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the Certificates in
exchange for certificates representing shares of Parent Common Stock and cash in
lieu of fractional shares). Upon surrender for cancellation to the Exchange
Agent of all Certificates held by any record holder of a Certificate, together
with such letter of transmittal, duly executed, the holder of such Certificate
shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor a certificate representing
that number of whole shares of Parent Common Stock into which the shares
represented by the surrendered Certificate shall have been converted at the
Effective Time pursuant to this Article I, cash in lieu of any fractional share
in accordance with Section 1.8 and certain dividends and other distributions in
accordance with Section 1.7, and any Certificate so surrendered shall forthwith
be cancelled.
Section 1.7 Dividends; Transfer Taxes; Withholding. No dividends or other
distributions that are declared on or after the Effective Time on Parent Common
Stock, or are payable to the holders of record thereof on or after the Effective
Time, will be paid to any person entitled by reason of the Merger to receive a
certificate representing Parent Common Stock until such person surrenders the
related Certificate or Certificates, as provided in Section 1.6, and no cash
payment in lieu of fractional shares will be paid to any such person pursuant to
Section 1.8 until such person shall so surrender the related Certificate or
Certificates. Subject to the effect of applicable law, there shall be paid to
each record holder of a new certificate representing such Parent Common Stock:
(i) at the time of such surrender or as promptly as practicable thereafter, the
amount of any dividends or other distributions theretofore paid with respect to
the shares of Parent Common Stock represented by such new certificate and having
a record date on or after the Effective Time and a payment date prior to such
surrender; (ii) at the appropriate payment date or as promptly as practicable
thereafter, the amount of any dividends or other distributions payable with
respect to such shares of Parent Common Stock and having a record date on or
after the Effective Time but prior to such surrender and a payment date on or
subsequent to such surrender; and (iii) at the time of such surrender or as
promptly as practicable thereafter, the amount of any cash payable with respect
to a fractional share of Parent Common Stock to which such holder is entitled
pursuant to Section 1.8. In no event shall the person entitled to receive such
dividends or other distributions or cash in lieu of fractional shares be
entitled to receive interest on such dividends or other distributions or cash in
lieu of fractional shares. If any cash or certificate representing shares of
Parent Common Stock is to be paid to or issued in a name other than that in
which the Certificate surrendered in exchange therefor is registered, it shall
be a condition of such exchange that the Certificate so surrendered shall be
properly endorsed and otherwise in proper form for transfer and that the person
requesting such exchange shall pay to the Exchange Agent any transfer or other
taxes required by reason of the issuance of certificates for such shares of
Parent Common Stock in a name other than that of the registered holder of the
Certificate surrendered, or shall establish to the satisfaction of the Exchange
Agent that such tax has been paid or is not applicable. Parent or the Exchange
Agent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration otherwise
payable pursuant to this Agreement to any holder of shares of Company Common
Stock such amounts as Parent or the Exchange Agent is required to deduct and
withhold with respect to the making of such payment under the Code or under any
provision of state, local or foreign tax law. To the extent that amounts are so
withheld by Parent or the Exchange Agent, such withheld amounts shall be treated
for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of the
shares of Company Common Stock in respect of which such deduction and
withholding was made by Parent or the Exchange Agent.
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Section 1.8 No Fractional Securities. No certificates or scrip representing
fractional shares of Parent Common Stock shall be issued upon the surrender for
exchange of Certificates pursuant to this Article I, and no Parent dividend or
other distribution or stock split shall relate to any fractional share, and no
fractional share shall entitle the owner thereof to vote or to any other rights
of a security holder of Parent. In lieu of any such fractional share, each
holder of Company Common Stock who would otherwise have been entitled to a
fraction of a share of Parent Common Stock upon surrender of Certificates for
exchange pursuant to this Article I will be paid an amount in cash (without
interest), rounded to the nearest cent, determined by multiplying (i) the last
reported sale price per share of Parent Common Stock on The Nasdaq Stock Market
("NASDAQ") on the date of the Effective Time (or, if the shares of Parent Common
Stock do not trade on NASDAQ on such date, the first date of trading of shares
of Parent Common Stock on NASDAQ after the Effective Time) by (ii) the
fractional interest to which such holder would otherwise be entitled. As
promptly as practicable after the determination of the amount of cash, if any,
to be paid to holders of fractional share interests, the Exchange Agent shall so
notify Parent, and Parent shall deposit such amount with the Exchange Agent and
shall cause the Exchange Agent to forward payments to such holders of fractional
share interests subject to and in accordance with the terms of Section 1.7 and
this Section 1.8.
Section 1.9 Return of Exchange Fund. Any portion of the Exchange Fund which
remains undistributed to the former stockholders of the Company for six months
after the Effective Time shall be delivered to Parent, upon demand of Parent,
and any such former stockholders who have not theretofore complied with this
Article I shall thereafter look only to Parent for payment of their claim for
Parent Common Stock, any cash in lieu of fractional shares of Parent Common
Stock and any dividends or distributions with respect to Parent Common Stock.
Neither Parent nor the Surviving Corporation shall be liable to any former
holder of Company Common Stock for any such shares of Parent Common Stock, cash
and dividends and distributions held in the Exchange Fund which is delivered to
a public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or
similar law.
Section 1.10 Adjustment of Exchange Ratio. In the event of any
reclassification, stock split or stock dividend with respect to Parent Common
Stock or any change or conversion of Parent Common Stock into other securities
(or if a record date with respect to any of the foregoing should occur) prior to
the Effective Time, appropriate and proportionate adjustments, if any, shall be
made to the Exchange Ratio, and all references to the Exchange Ratio in this
Agreement shall be deemed to be to the Exchange Ratio as so adjusted.
Section 1.11 No Further Ownership Rights in Company Common Stock. All
shares of Parent Common Stock issued upon the surrender for exchange of
Certificates in accordance with the terms hereof (including any cash paid
pursuant to Section 1.8) shall be deemed to have been issued in full
satisfaction of all rights pertaining to the shares of Company Common Stock
represented by such Certificates.
Section 1.12 Closing of Company Transfer Books. At the Effective Time, the
stock transfer books of the Company shall be closed and no transfer of shares of
Company Common Stock shall thereafter be made on the records of the Company. If,
after the Effective Time, Certificates are presented to the Surviving
Corporation, the Exchange Agent or the Parent, such Certificates shall be
cancelled and exchanged as provided in this Article I.
Section 1.13 Lost Certificates. If any Certificate shall have been lost,
stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person
claiming such Certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed and, if required by
Parent or the Exchange Agent, the posting by such person of a bond, in such
reasonable amount as Parent or the Exchange Agent may direct as indemnity
against any claim that may be made against them with respect to such
Certificate, the Exchange Agent will issue in exchange for such lost, stolen or
destroyed Certificate the shares of Parent Common Stock, any cash in lieu of
fractional shares of Parent Common Stock to which the holders thereof are
entitled pursuant to Section 1.8 and any dividends or other distributions to
which the holders thereof are entitled pursuant to Section 1.7.
Section 1.14 Further Assurances. If at any time after the Effective Time
the Surviving Corporation shall consider or be advised that any deeds, bills of
sale, assignments or assurances or any other acts or things are necessary,
desirable or proper (a) to vest, perfect or confirm, of record or otherwise, in
the Surviving
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Corporation its right, title or interest in, to or under any of the rights,
privileges, powers, franchises, properties or assets of either of the
Constituent Corporations, or (b) otherwise to carry out the purposes of this
Agreement, the Surviving Corporation and its proper officers and directors or
their designees shall be authorized to execute and deliver, in the name and on
behalf of either of the Constituent Corporations, all such deeds, bills of sale,
assignments and assurances and to do, in the name and on behalf of either
Constituent Corporation, all such other acts and things as may be necessary,
desirable or proper to vest, perfect or confirm the Surviving Corporation's
right, title or interest in, to or under any of the rights, privileges, powers,
franchises, properties or assets of such Constituent Corporation and otherwise
to carry out the purposes of this Agreement.
Section 1.15 Closing. The closing of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement (the "Closing") and all actions specified in this Agreement to occur
at the Closing shall take place at the offices of Sidley & Austin, One First
National Plaza, Chicago, Illinois, at 10:00 a.m., local time, no later than the
second business day following the day on which the last of the conditions set
forth in Article VI shall have been fulfilled or waived (if permissible) or at
such other time and place as Parent and the Company shall agree.
ARTICLE II
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND SUB
Parent and Sub represent and warrant to the Company as follows:
Section 2.1 Organization, Standing and Power. Each of Parent and Sub is a
corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws
of the State of Delaware and has the requisite corporate power and authority to
carry on its business as now being conducted. Each Subsidiary (as hereinafter
defined) of Parent is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing
under the laws of the jurisdiction in which it is organized and has the
requisite corporate (in the case of a Subsidiary that is a corporation) or other
power and authority to carry on its business as now being conducted, except
where the failure to be so organized, existing or in good standing or to have
such power or authority would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect (as hereinafter defined) on Parent. Parent and each of
its Subsidiaries are duly qualified to do business, and are in good standing, in
each jurisdiction where the character of their properties owned or held under
lease or the nature of their activities makes such qualification necessary,
except where the failure to be so qualified would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent. For purposes of this
Agreement (a) "Material Adverse Change" or "Material Adverse Effect" means, when
used with respect to Parent or the Company, as the case may be, any event,
change or effect that individually or when taken together with all other such
events, changes or effects is or could reasonably be expected (as far as can be
foreseen at the time) to be materially adverse to the business, assets,
liabilities, financial condition or results of operations of Parent and its
Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a
whole, as the case may be; provided, however, that in determining whether a
Material Adverse Change or Material Adverse Effect has occurred with respect to
either referenced party, any change or effect, to the extent it is attributable
(i) to any change in general economic conditions affecting companies in
industries similar to the industries in which the Company and its Subsidiaries
or Parent and its Subsidiaries, as the case may be, operate or (ii) to the
closing or the failure to close the merger contemplated in that certain
Agreement of Plan of Merger dated as of February 16, 1998 among Parent, Cardinal
Merger Co. and Coherent Communications Systems Corporation substantially on the
terms set forth therein (so long as such closing or failure to close does not
result in any material liability to Parent), shall not be considered when
determining if a Material Adverse Change or Material Adverse Effect has
occurred; and (b) "Subsidiary" means any corporation, partnership, limited
liability company, joint venture or other legal entity of which Parent or the
Company, as the case may be (either alone or through or together with any other
Subsidiary), owns, directly or indirectly, 50% or more of the stock or other
equity interests the holders of which are generally entitled to vote for the
election of the board of directors or other governing body of such corporation,
partnership, limited liability company, joint venture or other legal entity.
Section 2.2 Capital Structure. (a) As of the date hereof, the authorized
capital stock of Parent consists of 500,000,000 shares of Parent Common Stock
and 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $.01 per
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share (the "Parent Preferred Stock"). At the close of business on May 28, 1998,
(i) 182,425,765 shares of Parent Common Stock were issued and outstanding, all
of which were validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free of
preemptive rights, (ii) no shares of Parent Common Stock were held in treasury
of Parent or by Subsidiaries of Parent, (iii) no shares of Parent Preferred
Stock were issued or outstanding, (iv) 10,194,606 shares of Parent Common Stock
were reserved for issuance pursuant to outstanding options or other rights to
purchase or otherwise acquire shares of Parent Common Stock under Parent's
benefit plans or arrangements or pursuant to any plans assumed by Parent in
connection with any acquisition, business combination or similar transaction
(collectively, the "Parent Stock Plans"), (v) 149,370 stock appreciation rights
granted pursuant to the Parent Stock Plans and (vi) 11,772,949 shares of Parent
Common Stock were reserved for issuance in connection with that certain
Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of February 16, 1998 among Parent,
Cardinal Merger Co. and Coherent Communications Systems Corporation. As of the
date of this Agreement, except as set forth above and except for the issuance of
shares of Parent Common Stock pursuant to the Parent Stock Plans, no shares of
capital stock or other voting securities of Parent were issued, reserved for
issuance or outstanding. All of the shares of Parent Common Stock issuable in
exchange for Company Common Stock at the Effective Time in accordance with this
Agreement will be, when so issued, duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid
and nonassessable and free of preemptive rights. As of the date of this
Agreement, except for (i) this Agreement and (ii) as set forth above, there are
no options, warrants, calls, rights, puts or agreements to which Parent or any
of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them is bound obligating
Parent or any of its Subsidiaries to issue, deliver, sell or redeem, or cause to
be issued, delivered, sold or redeemed, any additional shares of capital stock
(or other voting securities or equity equivalents) of Parent or any of its
Subsidiaries or obligating Parent or any of its Subsidiaries to grant, extend or
enter into any such option, warrant, call, right, put or agreement.
(b) As of the date of this Agreement, each outstanding share of capital
stock (or other voting security or equity equivalent) of each material
Subsidiary of Parent is duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable and, except for director or qualifying shares, each such share (or
other voting security or equity equivalent) is owned by Parent or another
Subsidiary of Parent, free and clear of all security interests, liens, claims,
pledges, options, rights of first refusal, agreements, limitations on voting
rights, charges and other encumbrances of any nature whatsoever. Except as set
forth above, Parent does not have any outstanding bonds, debentures, notes or
other obligations the holders of which have the right to vote (or convertible
into or exercisable for securities having the right to vote) with the
stockholders of Parent on any matter. Exhibit 21 to Parent's Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended January 2, 1998, as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (the "SEC") (the "Parent Annual Report"), is a true,
accurate and correct statement in all material respects of all of the
information required to be set forth therein by the regulations of the SEC.
(c) Section 2.2 of the letter dated the date hereof and delivered on the
date hereof by Parent to the Company, which letter relates to this Agreement and
is designated the Parent Letter (the "Parent Letter"), sets forth a list as of
the date hereof of all Subsidiaries and Joint Ventures (as defined below) of
Parent and the jurisdiction in which such Subsidiary or Joint Venture is
organized. Section 2.2 of the Parent Letter also sets forth as of the date
hereof the nature and extent of the ownership and voting interests held by
Parent in each such Joint Venture. As of the date hereof, Parent has no
obligation to make any capital contributions, or otherwise provide assets or
cash, to any Joint Venture. As used in this Agreement, "Joint Venture" means,
with respect to a party, any corporation, limited liability company,
partnership, joint venture or other entity which is not a Subsidiary of such
party and in which (i) such party, directly or indirectly, owns or controls any
shares of any class of the outstanding voting securities or other equity
interests (other than the ownership of securities primarily for investment
purposes as part of routine cash management or investments of 1% or less in
publicly traded companies), or (ii) such party or a Subsidiary of such party is
a general partner.
Section 2.3 Authority. On or prior to the date of this Agreement, the
Boards of Directors of Parent and Sub have declared the Merger advisable and
fair to and in the best interest of Parent and Sub, respectively, and their
respective stockholders, approved and adopted this Agreement in accordance with
the DGCL, and the Board of Directors of Parent has resolved to recommend the
approval by Parent's stockholders of the issuance of Parent Common Stock in
connection with the Merger (the "Share Issuance"). Each of Parent and Sub has
all requisite corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement, Parent
has all requisite
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corporate power and authority to enter into the Stock Option Agreement, and,
subject to approval by the stockholders of Parent of the Share Issuance, to
consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The execution and
delivery of this Agreement by Parent and Sub, the execution and delivery of the
Stock Option Agreement by Parent and the consummation by Parent and Sub of the
transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all
necessary corporate action on the part of Parent and Sub, subject to (x)
approval by the stockholders of Parent of the Share Issuance and (y) the filing
of appropriate Merger documents as required by the DGCL. This Agreement and the
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby have been approved by the
sole stockholder of Sub. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by
Parent and Sub, the Stock Option Agreement has been duly executed and delivered
by Parent, and (assuming the valid authorization, execution and delivery of this
Agreement and the Stock Option Agreement by the Company and the validity and
binding effect hereof and thereof on the Company) this Agreement constitutes the
valid and binding obligation of Parent and Sub enforceable against each of them
in accordance with its terms and the Stock Option Agreement constitutes the
valid and binding obligation of Parent enforceable against Parent in accordance
with its terms. The Share Issuance and the filing of a registration statement on
Form S-4 with the SEC by Parent under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(together with the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, the "Securities
Act"), for the purpose of registering the shares of Parent Common Stock to be
issued in the Merger (together with any amendments or supplements thereto,
whether prior to or after the effective date thereof, the "Registration
Statement") have been duly authorized by Parent's Board of Directors.
Section 2.4 Consents and Approvals; No Violation. Assuming that all
consents, approvals, authorizations and other actions described in this Section
2.4 have been obtained and all filings and obligations described in this Section
2.4 have been made, and except as set forth in Section 2.4 of the Parent Letter,
the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Stock Option Agreement do
not, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby
and compliance with the provisions hereof and thereof will not, result in any
violation of, or default (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both)
under, or give to others a right of termination, cancellation or acceleration of
any obligation or the loss of a material benefit under, or result in the
creation of any lien, security interest, charge or encumbrance upon any of the
properties or assets of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries under, any provision
of (i) the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, of Parent (the
"Parent Charter") or the Amended and Restated By-laws of Parent (the "Parent
Bylaws") or the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of Sub, (ii) any
provision of the comparable charter or organization documents of any of Parent's
Subsidiaries, (iii) any loan or credit agreement, note, bond, mortgage,
indenture, lease or other agreement, instrument, permit, concession, franchise
or license applicable to Parent or any of its Subsidiaries or (iv) any judgment,
order, decree, statute, law, ordinance, rule or regulation applicable to Parent
or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets,
other than, in the case of clauses (ii), (iii) or (iv), any such violations,
defaults, rights, liens, security interests, charges or encumbrances that,
individually or in the aggregate, would not have a Material Adverse Effect on
Parent, materially impair the ability of Parent or Sub to perform their
respective obligations hereunder or under the Stock Option Agreement or prevent
the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. No
filing or registration with, or authorization, consent or approval of, any
domestic (federal and state), foreign or supranational court, commission,
governmental body, regulatory agency, authority or tribunal (a "Governmental
Entity") is required by or with respect to Parent or any of its Subsidiaries in
connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the Stock Option
Agreement by Parent or Sub or is necessary for the consummation of the Merger
and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Stock Option
Agreement, except for (i) in connection, or in compliance, with the provisions
of the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the
"HSR Act"), the Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended (together with the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, the
"Exchange Act"), (ii) the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Secretary
of State of the State of Delaware and appropriate documents with the relevant
authorities of other states in which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is
qualified to do business, (iii) such filings, authorizations, orders and
approvals as may be required by state takeover laws (the "State Takeover
Approvals"), (iv) such filings as may be required in connection with the taxes
described in Section 5.11, (v) applicable requirements, if any, of state
securities or "blue sky" laws ("Blue Sky Laws")
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and NASDAQ, (vi) as may be required under foreign laws and (vii) such other
consents, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations and filings the
failure of which to be obtained or made would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent, materially impair the
ability of Parent or Sub to perform its obligations hereunder or under the Stock
Option Agreement or prevent the consummation of any of the transactions
contemplated hereby or thereby.
Section 2.5 SEC Documents and Other Reports. Parent has timely filed all
required documents with the SEC since January 1, 1997 (the "Parent SEC
Documents"). As of their respective dates, the Parent SEC Documents complied in
all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act or the
Exchange Act, as the case may be, and, at the respective times they were filed,
none of the Parent SEC Documents contained any untrue statement of a material
fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or
necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under
which they were made, not misleading. The consolidated financial statements
(including, in each case, any notes thereto) of Parent included in the Parent
SEC Documents complied as to form in all material respects with applicable
accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC with
respect thereto, were prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles (except, in the case of the unaudited statements, as permitted by
Form 10-Q of the SEC) applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved
(except as may be indicated therein or in the notes thereto) and fairly
presented in all material respects the consolidated financial position of Parent
and its consolidated Subsidiaries as at the respective dates thereof and the
consolidated results of their operations and their consolidated cash flows for
the periods then ended (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal
year-end audit adjustments and to any other adjustments described therein).
Except as disclosed in the Parent SEC Documents or as required by generally
accepted accounting principles, Parent has not, since January 2, 1998, made any
change in the accounting practices or policies applied in the preparation of
financial statements.
Section 2.6 Registration Statement and Joint Proxy Statement. None of the
information to be supplied by Parent or Sub for inclusion or incorporation by
reference in the Registration Statement or the joint proxy statement/prospectus
included therein relating to the Stockholder Meetings (as defined in Section
5.1) (together with any amendments or supplements thereto, the "Joint Proxy
Statement") will (i) in the case of the Registration Statement, at the time it
becomes effective, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to
state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to
make the statements therein not misleading or (ii) in the case of the Joint
Proxy Statement, at the time of the mailing of the Joint Proxy Statement, at the
time of each of the Stockholder Meetings and at the Effective Time, contain any
untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required
to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in
light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading. If at any
time prior to the Effective Time any event with respect to Parent, its officers
and directors or any of its Subsidiaries shall occur which is required to be
described in the Joint Proxy Statement or the Registration Statement, such event
shall be so described, and an appropriate amendment or supplement shall be
promptly filed with the SEC and, as required by law, disseminated to the
stockholders of Parent and the Company. The Registration Statement will comply
(with respect to Parent) as to form in all material respects with the provisions
of the Securities Act, and the Joint Proxy Statement will comply (with respect
to Parent) as to form in all material respects with the provisions of the
Exchange Act.
Section 2.7 Absence of Certain Changes or Events. Except as disclosed in
Parent SEC Documents filed with the SEC prior to the date of this Agreement or
as disclosed in Section 2.7 of the Parent Letter, since January 2, 1998 (A)
Parent and its Subsidiaries have not incurred any liability or obligation
(indirect, direct or contingent) that would result in a Material Adverse Effect
on Parent or, through the date hereof, entered into any material oral or written
agreement or other transaction that is not in the ordinary course of business or
that would result in a Material Adverse Effect on Parent, (B) Parent and its
Subsidiaries have not sustained any loss or interference with their business or
properties from fire, flood, windstorm, accident or other calamity (whether or
not covered by insurance) that has had a Material Adverse Effect on Parent, (C)
through the date hereof, there has been no change in the capital stock of Parent
except for the issuance of shares of Parent Common Stock pursuant to Parent
Stock Plans and no dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made
by Parent on any class of its stock, and (D) there has been no event causing a
Material Adverse Effect
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on Parent, nor any development that would, individually or in the aggregate,
result in a Material Adverse Effect on Parent.
Section 2.8 Permits and Compliance. (a) Each of Parent and its Subsidiaries
is in possession of all franchises, grants, authorizations, licenses, permits,
charters, easements, variances, exceptions, consents, certificates, approvals
and orders of any Governmental Entity necessary for Parent or any of its
Subsidiaries to own, lease and operate its properties or to carry on its
business as it is now being conducted (the "Parent Permits"), except where the
failure to have any of the Parent Permits would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent, and, as of the date of this
Agreement, no suspension or cancellation of any of the Parent Permits is pending
or, to the Knowledge of Parent (as hereinafter defined), threatened, except
where the suspension or cancellation of any of the Parent Permits would not,
individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent.
Neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of (A) its charter,
by-laws or other organizational documents, (B) any applicable law, ordinance,
administrative or governmental rule or regulation or (C) any order, decree or
judgment of any Governmental Entity having jurisdiction over Parent or any of
its Subsidiaries, except, in the case of clauses (A), (B) and (C), for any
violations that, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a Material
Adverse Effect on Parent.
(b) Except as disclosed in the Parent SEC Documents filed prior to the date
of this Agreement or as disclosed in Section 2.8 of the Parent Letter, as of the
date hereof there is no contract or agreement that is or was required to be
filed by Parent as a material contract pursuant to Item 601 of Regulation S-K
under the Securities Act. Except as set forth in Section 2.8 of the Parent
Letter, as of the date hereof neither Parent nor any or its Subsidiaries is a
party to or bound by any agreements evidencing, or guarantees relating to,
indebtedness for borrowed money to the extent the aggregate principal amount
outstanding thereunder exceeds $10,000,000. Except as set forth in the Parent
SEC Documents filed prior to the date of this Agreement or Section 2.8 of the
Parent Letter, no event of default or event that, but for the giving of notice
or the lapse of time or both, would constitute an event of default exists or,
upon the consummation by Parent or Sub of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement or the Stock Option Agreement, will exist under any indenture,
mortgage, loan agreement, note or other agreement or instrument for borrowed
money, any guarantee of any agreement or instrument for borrowed money or any
lease, contractual license or other agreement or instrument to which Parent or
any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which Parent or any such Subsidiary is
bound or to which any of the properties, assets or operations of Parent or any
such Subsidiary is subject, other than any defaults that, individually or in the
aggregate, would not have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent. For purposes of
this Agreement, "Knowledge of Parent" means the actual knowledge of the
individuals identified in Section 2.8 of the Parent Letter.
Section 2.9 Tax Matters. Except as otherwise set forth in Section 2.9 of
the Parent Letter, (i) Parent and each of its Subsidiaries have filed all
federal, and all material state, local, foreign and provincial, Tax Returns (as
hereinafter defined) required to have been filed or appropriate extensions
therefor have been properly obtained, and such Tax Returns are correct and
complete, except to the extent that any failure to so file or any failure to be
correct and complete would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect on Parent; (ii) all Taxes (as hereinafter defined) shown
to be due on such Tax Returns have been timely paid or extensions for payment
have been properly obtained, except to the extent that any failure to so pay or
so obtain such an extension would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect on Parent, (iii) Parent and each of its Subsidiaries
have complied in all material respects with all rules and regulations relating
to the withholding of Taxes except to the extent that any failure to comply with
such rules and regulations would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect on Parent; (iv) any Tax Returns referred to in clause
(i) relating to federal income Taxes have been examined by the Internal Revenue
Service (the "IRS") or the period for assessment of the Taxes in respect of
which such Tax Returns were required to be filed has expired; (v) no issues that
have been raised in writing by the relevant taxing authority in connection with
the examination of the Tax Returns referred to in clause (i) are currently
pending; and (vi) all deficiencies asserted or assessments made as a result of
any examination of such Tax Returns by any taxing authority have been paid in
full or are being timely and properly contested. For purposes of this Agreement:
(i) "Taxes" means any federal, state, local, foreign or provincial income, gross
receipts,
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property, sales, use, license, excise, franchise, employment, payroll,
withholding, alternative or added minimum, ad valorem, value-added, transfer or
excise tax, or other tax, custom, duty, governmental fee or other like
assessment or charge of any kind whatsoever, together with any interest or
penalty imposed by any Governmental Entity, and (ii) "Tax Return" means any
return, report or similar statement (including the attached schedules) required
to be filed with respect to any Tax, including, without limitation, any
information return, claim for refund, amended return or declaration of estimated
Tax.
Section 2.10 Actions and Proceedings. Except as set forth in the Parent SEC
Documents filed prior to the date of this Agreement and except as set forth in
Section 2.10 of the Parent Letter, there are no outstanding orders, judgments,
injunctions, awards or decrees of any Governmental Entity against or involving
Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, or against or involving any of the present or
former directors, officers, employees or, to the Knowledge of Parent,
consultants, agents or stockholders of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, as
such, or any of its or their properties, assets or business that, individually
or in the aggregate, would have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent or
materially impair the ability of Parent to perform its obligations hereunder.
Except as set forth in Section 2.10 of the Parent Letter, there are no actions,
suits or claims or legal, administrative or arbitration proceedings or
investigations pending or, to the Knowledge of Parent, threatened against or
involving Parent or any of its Subsidiaries or any of its or their present or
former directors, officers, employees or, to the Knowledge of Parent,
consultants, agents or stockholders, as such, or any of its or their properties,
assets or business that, individually or in the aggregate, would have a Material
Adverse Effect on Parent or materially impair the ability of Parent to perform
its obligations hereunder. As of the date hereof, there are no actions, suits,
labor disputes or other litigation, legal or administrative proceedings or
governmental investigations pending or, to the Knowledge of Parent, threatened
against or affecting Parent or any of its Subsidiaries or any of its or their
present or former officers, directors, employees or, to the Knowledge of Parent,
consultants, agents or stockholders, as such, or any of its or their properties,
assets or business relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
and the Stock Option Agreement.
Section 2.11 Certain Agreements. Except as set forth in Section 2.11 of the
Parent Letter, neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any
material oral or written agreement or plan, including any employment agreement,
severance agreement, stock option plan, stock appreciation rights plan,
restricted stock plan or stock purchase plan, any of the benefits of which will
be increased, or the vesting of the benefits of which will be accelerated, by
the occurrence of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the
Stock Option Agreement or the value of any of the benefits of which will be
calculated on the basis of any of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement or the Stock Option Agreement.
Section 2.12 ERISA. (a) Except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect
on Parent, (i) each Parent Plan complies in all respects with Title IV of the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"), the Code
and all other applicable statutes and governmental rules and regulations, and
(ii) no "reportable event" (within the meaning of Section 4043 of ERISA) has
occurred with respect to any Parent Plan. Neither Parent nor any of its ERISA
Affiliates (as hereinafter defined) has withdrawn from any Parent Plan or Parent
Multiemployer Plan (as hereinafter defined) or instituted, or is currently
considering taking, any action to do so. Except as would not have a Material
Adverse Effect on Parent, no Parent Plan, nor any trust created thereunder, has
incurred any 'accumulated funding deficiency" (as defined in Section 302 of
ERISA), whether or not waived.
(b) With respect to the Parent Plans, no event has occurred and, to the
Knowledge of Parent, there exists no condition or set of circumstances in
connection with which Parent or any ERISA Affiliate or Parent Plan fiduciary
could be subject to any liability under the terms of such Parent Plans, ERISA,
the Code or any other applicable law, other than liabilities for benefits
payable in the normal course, which would have a Material Adverse Effect on
Parent.
(c) As used herein, (i) "Parent Plan" means a "pension plan" (as defined in
Section 3(2) of ERISA (other than a Parent Multiemployer Plan)), a "welfare
plan" (as defined in Section 3(1) of ERISA), or any bonus, profit sharing,
deferred compensation, incentive compensation, stock ownership, stock purchase,
stock option, phantom stock, holiday pay, vacation, severance, death benefit,
sick leave, fringe benefit, insurance or
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other plan, arrangement or understanding, in each case established or maintained
by Parent or any of its ERISA Affiliates or as to which Parent or any of its
ERISA Affiliates has contributed or otherwise may have any liability, (ii)
"Parent Multiemployer Plan" means a "multiemployer plan" (as defined in Section
4001(a)(3) of ERISA) to which Parent or any of its ERISA Affiliates is or has
been obligated to contribute or otherwise may have any liability, and (iii) with
respect to any person, "ERISA Affiliate" means any trade or business (whether or
not incorporated) which is under common control or would be considered a single
employer with such person pursuant to Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the
Code and the regulations promulgated under those sections or pursuant to Section
4001(b) of ERISA and the regulations promulgated thereunder.
Section 2.13 Compliance with Worker Safety and Environmental Laws. The
properties, assets and operations of Parent and its Subsidiaries are in
compliance with all applicable federal, state, local and foreign laws, rules and
regulations, orders, decrees, judgments, permits and licenses relating to public
and worker health and safety (collectively, "Worker Safety Laws") and the
protection and clean-up of the environment and activities or conditions related
thereto, including, without limitation, those relating to the generation,
handling, disposal, transportation or release of hazardous materials
(collectively, "Environmental Laws"), except for any violations that,
individually or in the aggregate, would not have a Material Adverse Effect on
Parent. With respect to such properties, assets and operations, including any
previously owned, leased or operated properties, assets or operations, there are
no events, conditions, circumstances, activities, practices, incidents, actions
or plans of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries that may interfere with or prevent
compliance or continued compliance with applicable Worker Safety Laws and
Environmental Laws, other than any such interference or prevention as would not,
individually or in the aggregate with any such other interference or prevention,
have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent.
Section 2.14 Labor Matters. As of the date hereof, neither Parent nor any
of its Subsidiaries is a party to any collective bargaining agreement or labor
contract. Neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in any unfair
labor practice with respect to any persons employed by or otherwise performing
services primarily for Parent or any of its Subsidiaries (the "Parent Business
Personnel"), and there is no unfair labor practice complaint or grievance
against Parent or any of its Subsidiaries by the National Labor Relations Board
or any comparable state agency pending or threatened in writing with respect to
Parent Business Personnel, except where such unfair labor practice, complaint or
grievance would not have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent. There is no labor
strike, dispute, slowdown or stoppage pending or, to the Knowledge of Parent,
threatened against or affecting Parent or any of its Subsidiaries which may
interfere with the respective business activities of Parent or any of its
Subsidiaries, except where such dispute, strike or work stoppage would not have
a Material Adverse Effect on Parent.
Section 2.15 Intellectual Property. (a) Except as set forth in Section 2.15
of the Parent Letter, Parent and its Subsidiaries have through ownership or
licensing all patents, trademarks, trade names, service marks, trade secrets,
copyrights and other proprietary intellectual property rights (collectively,
"Intellectual Property Rights") as are necessary to conduct the business of the
Parent and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted or planned to be conducted by
the Parent and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, except where the failure to
have such Intellectual Property Rights would not have a Material Adverse Effect
on Parent. Except as set forth in Section 2.15 of the Parent Letter, neither
Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has infringed any Intellectual Property
Rights of any third party other than any infringements that, individually or in
the aggregate, would not have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent.
(b) Except as set forth in the Parent SEC Documents filed prior to the date
of this Agreement or in Section 2.15 of the Parent Letter, there are no actions,
suits or claims or administrative proceedings or investigations pending or, to
the Knowledge of Parent, threatened that challenge or question Parent's
Intellectual Property Rights and that, individually or in the aggregate, would
have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent.
(c) Except as set forth in Section 2.15 of the Parent Letter, all patents,
registered trademarks, service marks and copyrights which are held by Parent or
any of its Subsidiaries, and which are material to the business of Parent and
its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, are to the Knowledge of Parent valid and
subsisting.
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Section 2.15 of the Parent Letter contains a list as of the date hereof of (i)
all material registered United States, state and foreign trademarks, service
marks, logos, trade dress and trade names and pending applications to register
the foregoing, (ii) all United States and material foreign patents and patent
applications and (iii) all material registered United States and foreign
copyrights and pending applications to register the same, in each case owned by
Parent and its Subsidiaries.
Section 2.16 Opinion of Financial Advisor. Parent has received the written
opinion of Goldman, Sachs & Co., dated the date hereof, to the effect that, as
of the date hereof, the Exchange Ratio is fair to Parent from a financial point
of view.
Section 2.17 Required Vote of Parent Stockholders. The affirmative vote of
a majority of the shares present in person or by proxy at the Parent Stockholder
Meeting (as hereinafter defined) and entitled to vote on the Share Issuance is
required to approve the Share Issuance. No other vote of the securityholders of
Parent is required by law, the Parent Charter or the Parent Bylaws or otherwise
in order for Parent to consummate the Merger and the transactions contemplated
hereby.
Section 2.18 Pooling of Interests; Reorganization. To the Knowledge of
Parent, neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has (i) taken any action or
failed to take any action which action or failure would jeopardize the treatment
of the Merger as a pooling of interests for accounting purposes or (ii) taken
any action or failed to take any action which action or failure would jeopardize
the qualification of the Merger as a reorganization within the meaning of
Section 368(a) of the Code.
Section 2.19 Brokers. No broker, investment banker or other person, other
than Goldman, Sachs & Co., the fees and expenses of which will be paid by Parent
(as reflected in the agreement between Goldman, Sachs & Co. and Parent, a copy
of which has been furnished to the Company), is entitled to any broker's,
finder's or other similar fee or commission in connection with the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of
Parent.
Section 2.20 Operations of Sub. Sub is a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of
Parent, was formed solely for the purpose of engaging in the transactions
contemplated hereby, has engaged in no other business activities and has
conducted its operations only as contemplated hereby.
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
The Company represents and warrants to Parent and Sub as follows:
Section 3.1 Organization, Standing and Power. The Company is a corporation
duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the
State of Delaware and has the requisite corporate power and authority to carry
on its business as now being conducted. Each Subsidiary of the Company is duly
organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the
jurisdiction in which it is organized and has the requisite corporate (in the
case of a Subsidiary that is a corporation) or other power and authority to
carry on its business as now being conducted, except where the failure to be so
organized, existing or in good standing or to have such power or authority would
not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries are duly qualified to do
business, and are in good standing, in each jurisdiction where the character of
their properties owned or held under lease or the nature of their activities
makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified
would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on
the Company.
Section 3.2 Capital Structure. (a) As of the date hereof, the authorized
capital stock of the Company consists of 360,000,000 shares of Company Common
Stock and 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $.01 per share
("Company Preferred Stock"). At the close of business on May 28, 1998, (i)
101,628,989 shares of Company Common Stock were issued and outstanding, all of
which were validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free of preemptive
rights, (ii) no shares of Company Common Stock were held in the treasury of the
Company or by Subsidiaries of the Company and (iii) 9,239,457 shares of Company
Common Stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to outstanding options (the
"Company Stock Options") to
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purchase shares of Company Common Stock issued pursuant to the Company's Amended
and Restated 1994 Stock Option Plan and 1996 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan
(collectively, the "Company Stock Option Plans"). There are no shares issuable
pursuant to the Company's Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "Company Stock
Purchase Plan"). The Company Stock Option Plans and the Company Stock Purchase
Plan are the only benefit plans of the Company or its Subsidiaries under which
any securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries are issuable. No shares
of Company Preferred Stock are issued or outstanding. As of the date of this
Agreement, except as set forth above and except for the issuance of shares of
Company Common Stock upon the exercise of Company Stock Options outstanding on
May 28, 1998 in accordance with the terms thereof, no shares of capital stock or
other voting securities of the Company were issued, reserved for issuance or
outstanding. As of the date of this Agreement, except for (i) as set forth
above, (ii) the Stock Option Agreement and (iii) rights to purchase
one-one-thousandth of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock
(the "Rights") pursuant to a Rights Agreement dated as of December 29, 1997 (the
"Rights Agreement") between the Company and BankBoston, N.A., as Rights Agent,
there are no options, warrants, calls, rights, puts or agreements to which the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them is bound
obligating the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue, deliver, sell or
redeem, or cause to be issued, delivered, sold or redeemed, any additional
shares of capital stock (or other voting securities or equity equivalents) of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or obligating the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries to grant, extend or enter into any such option, warrant, call,
right, put or agreement.
(b) Each outstanding share of capital stock (or other voting security or
equity equivalent) of each material Subsidiary of the Company is duly
authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, and each such share
(or other voting security or equity equivalent) is owned by the Company or
another Subsidiary of the Company, free and clear of all security interests,
liens, claims, pledges, options, rights of first refusal, agreements,
limitations on voting rights, charges and other encumbrances of any nature
whatsoever. The Company does not have any outstanding bonds, debentures, notes
or other obligations the holders of which have the right to vote (or convertible
into or exercisable for securities having the right to vote) with the
stockholders of the Company on any matter. Exhibit 21 to the Company's Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 1997, as filed with the SEC
(the "Company Annual Report"), is a true, accurate and correct statement in all
material respects of all of the information required to be set forth therein by
the regulations of the SEC.
(c) Section 3.2 of the letter dated the date hereof and delivered on the
date hereof by the Company to Parent, which letter relates to this Agreement and
is designated the Company Letter (the "Company Letter"), sets forth a list of
all Subsidiaries and Joint Ventures of the Company and the jurisdiction in which
such Subsidiary or Joint Venture is organized. Section 3.2 of the Company Letter
also sets forth the nature and extent of the ownership and voting interests held
by the Company in each such Joint Venture. As of the date hereof, the Company
has no obligation to make any capital contributions, or otherwise provide assets
or cash, to any Joint Venture.
Section 3.3 Authority. On or prior to the date of this Agreement, the Board
of Directors of the Company has declared the Merger advisable and fair to and in
the best interest of the Company and its stockholders, approved and adopted this
Agreement in accordance with the DGCL, approved the Stockholder Agreements and
the Stock Option Agreement, resolved to recommend the approval and adoption of
this Agreement by the Company's stockholders and directed that this Agreement be
submitted to the Company's stockholders for approval and adoption. The Company
has all requisite corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and
the Stock Option Agreement, to consummate the transactions contemplated by the
Stock Option Agreement and, subject to approval by the stockholders of the
Company of this Agreement, to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby.
The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Stock Option Agreement by
the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated
hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action
on the part of the Company, subject, in the case of this Agreement, to (x)
approval of this Agreement by the stockholders of the Company and (y) the filing
of appropriate Merger documents as required by the DGCL. This Agreement and the
Stock Option Agreement have been duly executed and delivered by the Company and
(assuming the valid authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement by
Parent and Sub and the Stock Option
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Agreement by Parent and the validity and binding effect of the Agreement on
Parent and Sub and the Stock Option Agreement on Parent) constitute the valid
and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in
accordance with its terms. The filing of the Joint Proxy Statement with the SEC
and the issuance of the shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to the Stock
Option Agreement have been duly authorized by the Company's Board of Directors.
Section 3.4 Consents and Approvals; No Violation. Assuming that all
consents, approvals, authorizations and other actions described in this Section
3.4 have been obtained and all filings and obligations described in this Section
3.4 have been made, except as set forth in Section 3.4 of the Company Letter,
the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Stock Option Agreement do
not, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby
and compliance with the provisions hereof and thereof will not, result in any
violation of, or default (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both)
under, or give to others a right of termination, cancellation or acceleration of
any obligation or the loss of a material benefit under, or result in the
creation of any lien, security interest, charge or encumbrance upon any of the
properties or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under, any
provision of (i) the Company Charter or the Company Bylaws, (ii) any provision
of the comparable charter or organization documents of any of the Company's
Subsidiaries, (iii) any loan or credit agreement, note, bond, mortgage,
indenture, lease or other agreement, instrument, permit, concession, franchise
or license applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (iv) any
judgment, order, decree, statute, law, ordinance, rule or regulation applicable
to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties
or assets, other than, in the case of clauses (ii), (iii) or (iv), any such
violations, defaults, rights, liens, security interests, charges or encumbrances
that, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a Material Adverse Effect
on the Company, materially impair the ability of the Company to perform its
obligations hereunder or under the Stock Option Agreement or prevent the
consummation of any of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. No
filing or registration with, or authorization, consent or approval of, any
Governmental Entity is required by or with respect to the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement or
the Stock Option Agreement by the Company or is necessary for the consummation
of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the
Stock Option Agreement, except for (i) in connection, or in compliance, with the
provisions of the HSR Act, the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, (ii) the
filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of
Delaware and appropriate documents with the relevant authorities of other states
in which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is qualified to do business,
(iii) such filings, authorizations, orders and approvals as may be required to
obtain the State Takeover Approvals, (iv) such filings as may be required in
connection with the taxes described in Section 5.11, (v) applicable
requirements, if any, of Blue Sky Laws and NASDAQ, (vi) as may be required under
foreign laws and (vii) such other consents, orders, authorizations,
registrations, declarations and filings the failure of which to be obtained or
made would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect
on the Company, materially impair the ability of the Company to perform its
obligations hereunder or under the Stock Option Agreement or prevent the
consummation of any of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby.
Section 3.5 SEC Documents and Other Reports. The Company has timely filed
all required documents with the SEC since February 7, 1997 (the "Company SEC
Documents"). As of their respective dates, the Company SEC Documents complied in
all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act or the
Exchange Act, as the case may be, and, at the respective times they were filed,
none of the Company SEC Documents contained any untrue statement of a material
fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or
necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under
which they were made, not misleading. The consolidated financial statements
(including, in each case, any notes thereto) of the Company included in the
Company SEC Documents complied as to form in all material respects with
applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of
the SEC with respect thereto, were prepared in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles (except, in the case of the unaudited statements,
as permitted by Form 10-Q of the SEC) applied on a consistent basis during the
periods involved (except as may be indicated therein or in the notes thereto)
and fairly presented in all material respects the consolidated financial
position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as at the
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respective dates thereof and the consolidated results of their operations and
their consolidated cash flows for the periods then ended (subject, in the case
of unaudited statements, to normal year-end audit adjustments and to any other
adjustments described therein). Except as disclosed in the Company SEC Documents
or as required by generally accepted accounting principles, the Company has not,
since October 31, 1997, made any change in the accounting practices or policies
applied in the preparation of financial statements.
Section 3.6 Registration Statement and Joint Proxy Statement. None of the
information to be supplied by the Company for inclusion or incorporation by
reference in the Registration Statement or the Joint Proxy Statement will (i) in
the case of the Registration Statement, at the time it becomes effective,
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements
therein not misleading or (ii) in the case of the Joint Proxy Statement, at the
time of the mailing of the Joint Proxy Statement, at the time of each of the
Stockholder Meetings and at the Effective Time, contain any untrue statement of
a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein
or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the
circumstances under which they are made, not misleading. If at any time prior to
the Effective Time any event with respect to the Company, its officers and
directors or any of its Subsidiaries shall occur which is required at that time
to be described in the Joint Proxy Statement or the Registration Statement, such
event shall be so described, and an appropriate amendment or supplement shall be
promptly filed with the SEC and, as required by law, disseminated to the
stockholders of Parent and the Company. The Registration Statement will comply
(with respect to the Company) as to form in all material respects with the
provisions of the Securities Act, and the Joint Proxy Statement will comply
(with respect to the Company) as to form in all material respects with the
provisions of the Exchange Act.
Section 3.7 Absence of Certain Changes or Events. Except as disclosed in
the Company SEC Documents filed with the SEC prior to the date of this Agreement
or as disclosed in Section 3.7 of the Company Letter, since October 31, 1997 (A)
the Company and its Subsidiaries have not incurred any material liability or
obligation (indirect, direct or contingent) or, through the date hereof, entered
into any material oral or written agreement or other transaction that is not in
the ordinary course of business or that would result in a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company, (B) the Company and its Subsidiaries have not sustained
any loss or interference with their business or properties from fire, flood,
windstorm, accident or other calamity (whether or not covered by insurance) that
has had a Material Adverse Effect on the Company, (C) through the date hereof,
there has been no change in the capital stock of the Company except for the
issuance of shares of the Company Common Stock pursuant to Company Stock Options
and no dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made by the
Company on any class of its stock, (D) there has not been (x) any granting by
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any officer of the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries of any increase in compensation, except in the ordinary course
of business consistent with prior practice or as was required under employment
agreements in effect as of the date of the most recent audited financial
statements included in the Company SEC Documents, (y) any granting by the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any such officer of any increase in
severance or termination agreements in effect as of the date of the most recent
audited financial statements included in the Company SEC Documents or (z) any
entry by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries into any employment, severance
or termination agreement with any such officer and (E) there has been no event
causing a Material Adverse Effect on the Company, nor any development that
would, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect on
the Company.
Section 3.8 Permits and Compliance. (a) Each of the Company and its
Subsidiaries is in possession of all franchises, grants, authorizations,
licenses, permits, easements, variances, exceptions, consents, certificates,
approvals and orders of any Governmental Entity necessary for the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries to own, lease and operate its properties or to carry on its
business as it is now being conducted (the "Company Permits"), except where the
failure to have any of the Company Permits would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company, and, as of the date of
this Agreement, no suspension or cancellation of any of the Company Permits is
pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company (as hereinafter defined),
threatened, except where the suspension or cancellation of any of the Company
Permits would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in
violation of (A) its charter, by-laws or other organizational
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documents, (B) any applicable law, ordinance, administrative or governmental
rule or regulation or (C) any order, decree or judgment of any Governmental
Entity having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, except,
in the case of clauses (A), (B) and (C), for any violations that, individually
or in the aggregate, would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
(b) Except as disclosed in the Company SEC Documents filed prior to the
date of this Agreement or as disclosed in Section 3.8 of the Company Letter, as
of the date hereof there is no contract or agreement that is or was required to
be filed by the Company as a material contract pursuant to Item 601 of
Regulation S-K under the Securities Act. Except as set forth in Section 3.8 of
the Company Letter, as of the date hereof neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries is a party to or bound by (i) any distribution, marketing or
non-competition agreement or any other agreement or obligation which purports to
materially limit the manner in which, or the localities in which, the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries is entitled to conduct its business or (ii) any
agreement evidencing, or guarantee relating to, indebtedness for borrowed money
to the extent the aggregate principal amount outstanding thereunder exceeds
$10,000,000. Except as set forth in the Company SEC Documents filed prior to the
date of this Agreement or as disclosed in Section 3.8 of the Company Letter, no
event of default or event that, but for the giving of notice or the lapse of
time or both, would constitute an event of default exists or, upon the
consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
or the Stock Option Agreement, will exist under any indenture, mortgage, loan
agreement, note or other agreement or instrument for borrowed money, any
guarantee of any agreement or instrument for borrowed money or any lease,
contractual license or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any such Subsidiary is
bound or to which any of the properties, assets or operations of the Company or
any such Subsidiary is subject, other than any defaults that, individually or in
the aggregate, would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. For
purposes of this Agreement, "Knowledge of the Company" means the actual
knowledge of the individuals identified on Section 3.8 of the Company Letter.
Section 3.9 Tax Matters. Except as otherwise set forth in Section 3.9 of
the Company Letter, (i) the Company and each of its Subsidiaries have filed all
federal, and all material state, local, foreign and provincial, Tax Returns
required to have been filed or appropriate extensions therefor have been
properly obtained, and such Tax Returns are correct and complete, except to the
extent that any failure to so file or any failure to be correct and complete
would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on
the Company; (ii) all Taxes shown to be due on such Tax Returns have been timely
paid or extensions for payment have been properly obtained, except to the extent
that any failure to so pay or so obtain such an extension would not,
individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company;
(iii) the Company and each of its Subsidiaries have complied in all material
respects with all rules and regulations relating to the withholding of Taxes
except to the extent that any failure to comply with such rules and regulations
would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on
the Company; (iv) any Tax Returns referred to in clause (i) relating to federal
income Taxes have been examined by the IRS or the period for assessment of the
Taxes in respect of which such Tax Returns were required to be filed has
expired; (v) no issues that have been raised in writing by the relevant taxing
authority in connection with any examination of the Tax Returns referred to in
clause (i) are currently pending; (vi) all deficiencies asserted or assessments
made as a result of any examination of such Tax Returns by any taxing authority
have been paid in full or are being timely and properly contested; and (vii) no
withholding is required under Section 1445 of the Code in connection with the
Merger.
Section 3.10 Actions and Proceedings. Except as set forth in the Company
SEC Documents filed prior to the date of this Agreement and except as set forth
in Section 3.10 of the Company Letter, there are no outstanding orders,
judgments, injunctions, awards or decrees of any Governmental Entity against or
involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or against or involving any of
the present or former directors, officers, employees or, to the Knowledge of the
Company, consultants, agents or stockholders of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, as such, or any of its or their properties, assets or business or
any Company Plan (as hereinafter defined) that, individually or in the
aggregate, would have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company or materially
impair the ability of the Company to perform its obligations hereunder or under
the Stock Option Agreement. Except as set forth in the Company SEC Documents
filed prior to the date of this
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Agreement or in Section 3.10 of the Company Letter, there are no actions, suits
or claims or legal, administrative or arbitration proceedings or investigations
pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened against or involving the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of its or their present or former
directors, officers, employees or, to the Knowledge of the Company, consultants,
agents or stockholders, as such, or any of its or their properties, assets or
business or any Company Plan that, individually or in the aggregate, would have
a Material Adverse Effect on the Company or materially impair the ability of the
Company to perform its obligations hereunder or under the Stock Option
Agreement. As of the date hereof, there are no actions, suits, labor disputes or
other litigation, legal or administrative proceedings or governmental
investigations pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened against
or affecting the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of its or their
present or former officers, directors, employees or, to the Knowledge of the
Company, consultants, agents or stockholders, as such, or any of its or their
properties, assets or business relating to the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement and the Stock Option Agreement.
Section 3.11 Certain Agreements. Except as set forth in Section 3.11 of the
Company Letter, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to
any oral or written agreement or plan, including any employment agreement,
severance agreement, stock option plan, stock appreciation rights plan,
restricted stock plan or stock purchase plan, any of the benefits of which will
be increased, or the vesting of the benefits of which will be accelerated, by
the occurrence of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the
Stock Option Agreement or the value of any of the benefits of which will be
calculated on the basis of any of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement or the Stock Option Agreement. No holder of any option to purchase
shares of Company Common Stock, or shares of Company Common Stock granted in
connection with the performance of services for the Company or its Subsidiaries,
is or will be entitled to receive cash from the Company or any Subsidiary in
lieu of or in exchange for such option or shares under this Agreement or the
Stock Option Agreement. Section 3.11 of the Company Letter sets forth (i) for
each officer, director, employee or consultant who is a party to, or will
receive benefits under, this Agreement or the Stock Option Agreement, the total
amount that each such person may receive, or is eligible to receive, assuming
that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are consummated on the date
hereof, and (ii) the total amount of indebtedness owed to the Company or its
Subsidiaries from each officer or director of the Company and its Subsidiaries.
Except to the extent set forth in Section 3.11 of the Company Letter, no "excess
parachute payments" (as such term is defined in Section 280G(b) of the Code)
will be payable as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
to any employee of the Company or its Subsidiaries who is a "disqualified
individual" under Section 280G of the Code.
Section 3.12 ERISA. (a) Each Company Plan is listed in Section 3.12(a) of
the Company Letter, true and complete copies of which have heretofore been
delivered to Parent. Except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company, (i) each Company Plan complies in all respects with ERISA, the Code and
all other applicable statutes and governmental rules and regulations, and (ii)
no "reportable event" (within the meaning of Section 4043 of ERISA) has occurred
with respect to any Company Plan. Neither the Company nor any of its ERISA
Affiliates (as defined in Section 2.12(c)) has withdrawn from any Company Plan
or Company Multiemployer Plan (as hereinafter defined) or instituted, or is
currently considering taking, any action to do so. No action has been taken, or
is currently being considered, to terminate any Company Plan subject to Title IV
of ERISA. No Company Plan, nor any trust created thereunder, has incurred any
"accumulated funding deficiency" (as defined in Section 302 of ERISA), whether
or not waived.
(b) Except as listed in Section 3.12(b) of the Company Letter, with respect
to the Company Plans, no event has occurred and, to the Knowledge of the
Company, there exists no condition or set of circumstances in connection with
which the Company or any ERISA Affiliate or Company Plan fiduciary could be
subject to any liability under the terms of such Company Plans, ERISA, the Code
or any other applicable law, other than liabilities for benefits payable in the
normal course, which would have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. All
Company Plans that are intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code
have been determined by the IRS to be so qualified, or a timely application for
such determination is now pending, and the Company is not aware of any reason
why any such Company Plan is not so qualified in operation. Neither the Company
nor any of its ERISA Affiliates has been notified by any Company Multiemployer
Plan that
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such Company Multiemployer Plan is currently in reorganization or insolvency
under and within the meaning of Section 4241 or 4245 of ERISA or that such
Company Multiemployer Plan intends to terminate or has been terminated under
Section 4041A of ERISA. Except as disclosed in Section 3.12(b) of the Company
Letter, neither the Company nor any of its ERISA Affiliates has any liability or
obligation under any welfare plan to provide benefits after termination of
employment to any employee or dependent other than as required by Section 4980B
of the Code.
(c) As used herein, (i) "Company Plan" means a "pension plan' (as defined
in Section 3(2) of ERISA (other than a Company Multiemployer Plan)), a "welfare
plan" (as defined in Section 3(1) of ERISA), or any bonus, profit sharing,
deferred compensation, incentive compensation, stock ownership, stock purchase,
stock option, phantom stock, holiday pay, vacation, severance, death benefit,
sick leave, fringe benefit, insurance or other plan, arrangement or
understanding, in each case established or maintained by the Company or any of
its ERISA Affiliates or as to which the Company or any of its ERISA Affiliates
has contributed or otherwise may have any liability, and (ii) "Company
Multiemployer Plan" means a "multiemployer plan" (as defined in Section
4001(a)(3) of ERISA) to which the Company or any of its ERISA Affiliates is or
has been obligated to contribute or otherwise may have any liability.
(d) Section 3.12(d) of the Company Letter contains a list, and the Company
has heretofore provided to Parent a true and complete copy, of all (i)
severance, employment and material consulting agreements with employees and
consultants of the Company and each of its ERISA Affiliates and (ii) severance
programs and policies of the Company and each of its ERISA Affiliates with or
relating to its employees. The Company has entered into a Proprietary
Information Agreement with each of Steve W. Chaddick and Larry P. Huang (the
"Noncompetition Agreements"), true and complete copies of which (including all
amendments thereto) are attached to Section 3.12(d) of the Company Letter.
Section 3.13 Compliance with Worker Safety and Environmental Laws. The
properties, assets and operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are in
compliance with all applicable Worker Safety Laws and Environmental Laws, except
for any violations that, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company. With respect to such properties, assets
and operations, including any previously owned, leased or operated properties,
assets or operations, there are no events, conditions, circumstances,
activities, practices, incidents, actions or plans of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries that may interfere with or prevent compliance or continued
compliance with applicable Worker Safety Laws and Environmental Laws, other than
any such interference or prevention as would not, individually or in the
aggregate with any such other interference or prevention, have a Material
Adverse Effect on the Company.
Section 3.14 Labor Matters. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries
is a party to any collective bargaining agreement or, except as set forth in
Section 3.14 of the Company Letter, any labor contract. Neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in any unfair labor practice with respect to
any persons employed by or otherwise performing services primarily for the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries (the "Company Business Personnel"), and there
is no unfair labor practice complaint or grievance against the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries by the National Labor Relations Board or any comparable state
agency pending or threatened in writing with respect to the Company Business
Personnel, except where such unfair labor practice, complaint or grievance would
not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. There is no labor strike,
dispute, slowdown or stoppage pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company,
threatened against or affecting the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which may
interfere with the respective business activities of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, except where such dispute, strike or work stoppage would not have
a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
Section 3.15 Intellectual Property. (a) Except as set forth in Section 3.15
of the Company Letter, the Company and its Subsidiaries have through ownership
or licensing all Intellectual Property Rights as are necessary to conduct the
business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted or planned
to be conducted by the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, except
where the failure to have such Intellectual Property Rights would not have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company. Except as set forth in Section 3.15 of
the Company Letter, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has
infringed any
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Intellectual Property Rights of any third party other than any infringements
that, individually and in the aggregate, would not have a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company.
(b) Except as set forth in the Company SEC Documents filed prior to the
date of this Agreement or in Section 3.15 of the Company Letter, there are no
actions, suits or claims or administrative proceedings or investigations pending
or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened that challenge or question the
Company's Intellectual Property Rights and that, individually or in the
aggregate, would have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
(c) All patents, registered trademarks, service marks and copyrights which
are held by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and which are material to
the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, are to the
Knowledge of the Company valid and subsisting. Section 3.15 of the Company
Letter contains a list as of the date hereof of (i) all material registered
United States, state and foreign trademarks, service marks, logos, trade dress
and trade names and pending applications to register the foregoing, (ii) all
United States and material foreign patents and patent applications and (iii) all
material registered United States and foreign copyrights and pending
applications to register the same, in each case owned by the Company and its
Subsidiaries. The statements set forth in Section 3.15(c) of the Company Letter
are true and correct.
Section 3.16 Opinion of Financial Advisor. The Company has received the
written opinion of Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, dated the date hereof, to
the effect that, as of the date hereof, the Exchange Ratio is fair to the
Company's stockholders from a financial point of view, a copy of which opinion
has been delivered to Parent.
Section 3.17 State Takeover Statutes; Certain Charter Provisions. The Board
of Directors of the Company has, to the extent such statutes are applicable,
taken all action (including appropriate approvals of the Board of Directors of
the Company) necessary to exempt Parent, its Subsidiaries and affiliates, the
Merger, this Agreement, the Stock Option Agreement, the Stockholder Agreements
and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby from Section 203 of the
DGCL. To the Knowledge of the Company, no other state takeover statutes or
charter or bylaw provisions are applicable to the Merger, this Agreement, the
Stock Option Agreement, the Stockholder Agreements and the transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby.
Section 3.18 Required Vote of Company Stockholders. The affirmative vote of
the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock is
required to adopt this Agreement. No other vote of the securityholders of the
Company is required by law, the Company Charter or the Company Bylaws or
otherwise in order for the Company to consummate the Merger and the transactions
contemplated hereby and in the Stock Option Agreement.
Section 3.19 Pooling of Interests; Reorganization. To the Knowledge of the
Company, neither it nor any of its Subsidiaries has (i) taken any action or
failed to take any action which action or failure would jeopardize the treatment
of the Merger as a pooling of interests for accounting purposes or (ii) taken
any action or failed to take any action which action or failure would jeopardize
the qualification of the Merger as a reorganization within the meaning of
Section 368(a) of the Code.
Section 3.20 Brokers. No broker, investment banker or other person, other
than Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, the fees and expenses of which will be
paid by the Company (as reflected in an agreement between Morgan Stanley & Co.
Incorporated and the Company, a copy of which has been furnished to Parent), is
entitled to any broker's, finder's or other similar fee or commission in
connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and by the Stock
Option Agreement based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of the Company.
Section 3.21 Rights Agreement. The Company has amended the Rights Agreement
to (i) render the Rights Agreement inapplicable to the Merger, the Stock Option
Agreement, the Stockholder Agreements and the transactions contemplated hereby
and thereby, (ii) provide that Parent shall not be deemed an Acquiring Person
(as defined in the Rights Agreement), the Distribution Date (as defined in the
Rights Agreement) shall not be deemed to occur and the Rights will not separate
from the shares of Company Common Stock as
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a result of entering into this Agreement, the Stock Option Agreement, the
Stockholder Agreements or consummating the transactions contemplated hereby or
thereby and (iii) provide that the Rights shall cease to be exercisable
immediately prior to the Effective Time.
ARTICLE IV
COVENANTS RELATING TO CONDUCT OF BUSINESS
Section 4.1 Conduct of Business Pending the Merger. (a) Except as expressly
permitted by clauses (i) through (xvii) of this Section 4.1(a), during the
period from the date of this Agreement through the Effective Time, the Company
shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, in all material respects
carry on its business in the ordinary course of its business as currently
conducted and, to the extent consistent therewith, use reasonable best efforts
to preserve intact its current business organizations, keep available the
services of its current officers and employees and preserve its relationships
with customers, suppliers and others having business dealings with it to the end
that its goodwill and ongoing business shall be unimpaired at the Effective
Time. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and except as otherwise
expressly contemplated by this Agreement or as set forth in Section 4.1 of the
Company Letter (with specific reference to the applicable subsection below), the
Company shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, without the
prior written consent of Parent:
(i) (A) declare, set aside or pay any dividends on, or make any other
actual, constructive or deemed distributions in respect of, any of its
capital stock, or otherwise make any payments to its stockholders in their
capacity as such, (B) split, combine or reclassify any of its capital stock
or issue or authorize the issuance of any other securities in respect of,
in lieu of or in substitution for shares of its capital stock, (C)
purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of capital stock of the
Company or any other securities thereof or any rights, warrants or options
to acquire any such shares or other securities or (D) amend the Rights
Agreement;
(ii) issue, deliver, sell, pledge, dispose of or otherwise encumber
any shares of its capital stock, any other voting securities or equity
equivalent or any securities convertible into, or any rights, warrants or
options to acquire any such shares, voting securities, equity equivalent or
convertible securities, other than (A) the issuance of shares of Company
Common Stock upon the exercise of Company Stock Options outstanding on the
date of this Agreement in accordance with their current terms, (B) the
issuance of shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to the Stock Option
Agreement and (C) the issuance of Company Stock Options to purchase up to
800,000 shares of Company Common Stock in the ordinary course of business
consistent with past practice to newly hired employees who are not officers
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (provided that no individual
receives Company Stock Options to purchase in excess of 12,500 shares of
Company Common Stock);
(iii) amend its charter or by-laws or other comparable charter or
organizational documents;
(iv) acquire or agree to acquire by merging or consolidating with, or
by purchasing a substantial portion of the assets of or equity in, or by
any other manner, any business or any corporation, limited liability
company, partnership, association or other business organization or
division thereof or otherwise acquire or agree to acquire any assets, other
than assets acquired in the ordinary course of business and not material to
the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole;
(v) sell, lease, license (as licensor of Intellectual Property Rights
of the Company), mortgage, encumber or otherwise dispose any of its
properties or assets, other than sales, leases or licenses of products or
services in the ordinary course of business and not material to the Company
and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole;
(vi) incur any indebtedness for borrowed money, guarantee any such
indebtedness or make any loans, advances or capital contributions to, or
other investments in, any other person, other than indebtedness, loans,
advances, capital contributions and investments between the Company and any
of its
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wholly owned Subsidiaries or between any of such wholly owned Subsidiaries
or cash management activities carried on in the ordinary course of business
consistent with past practice;
(vii) alter (through merger, liquidation, reorganization,
restructuring or in any other fashion) the corporate structure or ownership
of the Company (other than as provided in Sections 4.1(a)(ii)(A), (B) and
(C)) or any Subsidiary;
(viii) enter into, adopt or amend any severance plan, agreement or
arrangement, Company Plan or employment or consulting agreement, except as
required by applicable law and except for entering into any consulting
agreements in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice;
(ix) increase the compensation payable or to become payable to its
directors, officers or employees (except for increases in the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice in salaries or wages of
employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries who are not officers of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) or grant any severance or
termination pay to, or enter into or amend any employment or severance
agreement with, any current or former director or officer of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries, or establish, adopt, enter into, or, except as may
be required to comply with applicable law, amend or take action to enhance
or accelerate any rights or benefits under, any labor, bonus, profit
sharing, thrift, compensation, stock option, restricted stock, pension,
retirement, deferred compensation, employment, termination, severance or
other plan, agreement, trust, fund, policy or arrangement for the benefit
of any current or former director, officer or employee;
(x) knowingly violate or knowingly fail to perform any obligation or
duty imposed upon it or any Subsidiary by any applicable material federal,
state or local law, rule, regulation, guideline or ordinance;
(xi) make any change to accounting policies or procedures (other than
actions required to be taken by generally accepted accounting principles);
(xii) prepare or file any Tax Return inconsistent with past practice
or, on any such Tax Return, take any position, make any election, or adopt
any method that is inconsistent with positions taken, elections made or
methods used in preparing or filing similar Tax Returns in prior periods;
(xiii) make any tax election or settle or compromise any material
federal, state, local or foreign income tax liability;
(xiv) enter into, amend or terminate any noncompetition agreement or
any agreement or contract pursuant to which any third party is granted
marketing, distribution, material manufacturing or any exclusive rights
with respect to any Company product, process or technology; amend the
Noncompetition Agreements or make or agree to make any new capital
expenditure or expenditures which, individually, is in excess of
$10,000,000 or, in the aggregate, are in excess of $60,000,000 at any time
prior to October 31, 1998 (or in excess of $80,000,000 at any time);
(xv) waive or release any material right or claim, or pay, discharge
or satisfy any material claims, liabilities or obligations (absolute,
accrued, asserted or unasserted, contingent or otherwise), other than the
payment, discharge or satisfaction, in the ordinary course of business
consistent with past practice or in accordance with their terms, of
liabilities reflected or reserved against in the most recent Company SEC
Documents filed prior to the date hereof, or incurred in the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice;
(xvi) initiate any litigation or arbitration proceeding or settle or
compromise any material litigation or arbitration proceeding; or
(xvii) authorize, recommend, propose or announce an intention to do
any of the foregoing, or enter into any contract, agreement, commitment or
arrangement to do any of the foregoing.
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(b) During the period from the date of this Agreement to the Effective Time
of the Merger, Parent shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries
to, without the prior written consent of the Company:
(i) declare, set aside, or pay any cash dividends on, or make any
other cash distributions in respect of, any capital stock of Parent;
(ii) amend the Parent Charter or the Parent Bylaws;
(iii) alter (through liquidation, reorganization or restructuring) the
corporate structure of Parent; or
(iv) authorize, recommend, propose or announce an intention to do any
of the foregoing, or enter into any contract, agreement, commitment or
arrangement to do any of the foregoing.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing contained in this Agreement shall
prohibit Parent from adopting a stockholder rights plan and issuing securities
pursuant thereto or amending the Parent Charter to increase the number of shares
authorized thereby or amending the Parent Bylaws to change the number of
directors of Parent.
Section 4.2 No Solicitation. (a) From the date hereof until the earlier of
the Effective Time or the date on which this Agreement is terminated in
accordance with the terms hereof, the Company shall not, nor shall it permit any
of its Subsidiaries to, nor shall it authorize or permit any officer, director
or employee of or any financial advisor, attorney or other advisor or
representative of, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to, (i) solicit,
initiate or knowingly encourage the submission of, any Takeover Proposal (as
hereafter defined), (ii) enter into any agreement with respect to any Takeover
Proposal or (iii) participate in any discussions or negotiations regarding, or
furnish to any person any information with respect to, or take any other action
to knowingly facilitate any inquiries or the making of any proposal that
constitutes, or may reasonably be expected to lead to, any Takeover Proposal;
provided, however, that prior to the Company Stockholder Meeting, nothing
contained in this Agreement (including, without limitation Section 4.1(a)) shall
prevent the Company or its Board of Directors from (i) complying with Rules
14d-9 and 14e-2 under the Exchange Act or publicly disclosing the existence of a
Takeover Proposal to the extent required by applicable law or (ii) furnishing
non-public information to, or entering into discussions or negotiations with,
any person or entity in connection with an unsolicited bona fide written
Takeover Proposal by such person or entity, if and only to the extent that, with
respect to clause (ii) above, (w) such Takeover Proposal would, if consummated,
result in a transaction that would, in the reasonable good faith judgment of the
Board of Directors of the Company, after consultation with its financial
advisors, result in a transaction more favorable to the Company's stockholders
from a financial point of view than the Merger (any such more favorable Takeover
Proposal being referred to in this Agreement as a "Superior Proposal") and, in
the reasonable good faith judgment of the Board of Directors of the Company,
after consultation with its financial advisors, the person or entity making such
Superior Proposal has the financial means to conclude such transaction, (x) the
failure to take such action would in the reasonable good faith judgment of the
Board of Directors of the Company, on the basis of the advice of the outside
corporate counsel of the Company, violate the fiduciary duties of the Board of
Directors of the Company to the Company's stockholders under applicable law, (y)
prior to furnishing such non-public information to, or entering into discussions
or negotiations with, such person or entity, such Board of Directors receives
from such person or entity an executed confidentiality agreement with provisions
not less favorable to the Company than those contained in the Confidentiality
Agreement (as defined below) and (z) the Company shall have fully complied with
this Section 4.2. For purposes of this Agreement, "Takeover Proposal" means any
proposal or offer, or any expression of interest, by any third party relating to
the Company's willingness or ability to receive or discuss a proposal or offer
for a merger, consolidation or other business combination involving the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries or any proposal or offer to acquire in any manner,
directly or indirectly, a substantial equity interest in, a substantial portion
of the voting securities of, or a substantial portion of the assets of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries, other than the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement and the Stock Option Agreement.
(b) The Company shall advise Parent orally (within one business day) and in
writing (as promptly as practicable) of (i) any Takeover Proposal or any inquiry
with respect to or which could lead to any Takeover Proposal, (ii) the material
terms of such Takeover Proposal and (iii) the identity of the person making any
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such Takeover Proposal or inquiry. The Company will keep Parent fully informed
of the status and details of any such Takeover Proposal or inquiry.
Section 4.3 Third Party Standstill Agreements. During the period from the
date of this Agreement through the Effective Time, the Company shall not
terminate, amend, modify or waive any provision of any confidentiality agreement
relating to a Takeover Proposal or standstill agreement to which the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries is a party (other than any involving Parent). During
such period, the Company agrees to enforce, to the fullest extent permitted
under applicable law, the provisions of any such agreements, including, but not
limited to, obtaining injunctions to prevent any breaches of such agreements and
to enforce specifically the terms and provisions thereof in any court of the
United States or any state thereof having jurisdiction.
Section 4.4 Pooling of Interests; Reorganization. During the period from
the date of this Agreement through the Effective Time, unless the other party
shall otherwise agree in writing, none of Parent, the Company or any of their
respective Subsidiaries shall (a) knowingly take or fail to take any action
which action or failure would jeopardize the treatment of the Merger as a
pooling of interests for accounting purposes or (b) knowingly take or fail to
take any action which action or failure would jeopardize the qualification of
the Merger as a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.
Between the date of this Agreement and the Effective Time, Parent and the
Company each shall take, or cause to be taken, all actions reasonably necessary
in order for the Merger to be treated as a pooling of interests for accounting
purposes.
ARTICLE V
ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS
Section 5.1 Stockholder Meetings. The Company and Parent will each, as soon
as practicable following the date of this Agreement, duly call, give notice of,
convene and hold a meeting of stockholders (respectively, the "Company
Stockholder Meeting" and the "Parent Stockholder Meeting" and, collectively, the
"Stockholder Meetings") for the purpose of considering the approval of this
Agreement (in the case of the Company) and the Share Issuance (in the case of
Parent). The Company and Parent shall coordinate and cooperate with respect to
the timing of such meetings and shall use their reasonable best efforts to hold
such meetings on the same day. Parent will, through its Board of Directors,
recommend to its stockholders approval of the Share Issuance, shall use all
reasonable efforts to solicit such approval by its stockholders and shall not
withdraw or modify, or propose to withdraw or modify in a manner adverse to the
Company, such recommendation, except if in the reasonable good faith judgment of
Parent's Board of Directors, on the basis of the advice of outside corporate
counsel of Parent, the making of, or the failure to withdraw or modify, such
recommendation would violate the fiduciary duties of such Board of Directors to
Parent's stockholders under applicable law. Parent agrees to submit the Share
Issuance to its stockholders for approval whether or not the Board of Directors
of Parent determines at any time subsequent to the date hereof and in accordance
with the preceding sentence that the Share Issuance is no longer advisable and
recommends that the stockholders of Parent reject it. The Company will, through
its Board of Directors, recommend to its stockholders approval of this
Agreement, shall use all reasonable efforts to solicit such approval by its
stockholders and shall not withdraw or modify, or propose to withdraw or modify
in a manner adverse to Parent, such recommendation, except if (i) the Company
has complied with Section 4.2 and (ii) (A) in the reasonable good faith judgment
of the Company's Board of Directors, on the basis of the advice of outside
corporate counsel of the Company, the making of, or the failure to withdraw or
modify, such recommendation would violate the fiduciary duties of such Board of
Directors to the Company's stockholders under applicable law or (B) (x) the
Board of Directors of the Company, after due deliberation and in the good faith
exercise of its fiduciary duties under applicable law (as advised by outside
corporate counsel of the Company), determines (1) to withdraw or modify such
recommendation solely because Parent notifies the Company that it intends to
enter into or has entered into a definitive written agreement to effect a Parent
Acquisition Event (as defined herein) and (2) that, solely as a result of such
Parent Acquisition Event, the Merger is no longer in the best interests of the
Company and its stockholders and (y) the Board of Directors of the Company
notifies Parent that it has resolved to withdraw or modify its recommendation in
favor of the approval of this Agreement within five
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business days of the receipt of Parent's notice. In the event Parent
subsequently notifies the Company that it has elected not to enter into such
definitive written agreement to effect the Parent Acquisition Event, the Board
of Directors of the Company shall rescind any resolution to withdraw or modify
its recommendation in favor of approval of this Agreement. The Company agrees to
submit the Merger Agreement to its stockholders for approval whether or not the
Board of Directors of the Company determines at any time subsequent to the date
hereof and in accordance with the terms of this Section 5.1 that the Merger
Agreement is no longer advisable and recommends that the stockholders of the
Company reject it.
Section 5.2 Preparation of the Registration Statement and the Joint Proxy
Statement. The Company and Parent shall promptly prepare and file with the SEC
the Joint Proxy Statement and Parent shall prepare and file with the SEC the
Registration Statement, in which the Joint Proxy Statement will be included as a
prospectus. Each of Parent and the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts
to have the Registration Statement declared effective under the Securities Act
as promptly as practicable after such filing. As promptly as practicable after
the Registration Statement shall have become effective, each of Parent and the
Company shall mail the Joint Proxy Statement to its respective stockholders.
Parent shall also take any action reasonably required to be taken under any
applicable state securities laws in connection with the issuance of Parent
Common Stock in the Merger, and the Company shall furnish all information
concerning the Company and the holders of Company Common Stock as may be
reasonably requested in connection with any such action.
Section 5.3 Intentionally Omitted.
Section 5.4 Access to Information. Subject to currently existing
contractual and legal restrictions applicable to Parent or to the Company or any
of their respective Subsidiaries, as the case may be, each of Parent and the
Company shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, afford to the
accountants, counsel, financial advisors and other representatives of the other
reasonable access to, and permit them to make such inspections as they may
reasonably require of, during normal business hours during the period from the
date of this Agreement through the Effective Time, all of its properties, books,
contracts, commitments and records (including, without limitation, the work
papers of independent accountants, if available and subject to the consent of
such independent accountants) and, during such period, each of Parent and the
Company shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, furnish promptly to
the other (i) a copy of each report, schedule, registration statement and other
document filed by it during such period pursuant to the requirements of federal
or state securities laws and (ii) all other information concerning its business,
properties and personnel as the other may reasonably request. No investigation
pursuant to this Section 5.4 shall affect any representation or warranty in this
Agreement of any party hereto or any condition to the obligations of the parties
hereto. All information obtained pursuant to this Section 5.4 shall be kept
confidential in accordance with the Confidentiality Agreement, dated May 14,
1998 between Parent and the Company (the "Confidentiality Agreement").
Section 5.5 Compliance with the Securities Act. (a) Section 5.5(a) of the
Company Letter contains a list identifying all persons who, at the time of the
Company Stockholder Meeting, may be deemed to be "affiliates" of the Company as
that term is used in paragraphs (c) and (d) of Rule 145 under the Securities Act
(the "Rule 145 Affiliates"). The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts
to cause each person who is identified as a Rule 145 Affiliate in such list to
deliver to Parent within 30 days of the date hereof a written agreement in
substantially the form of Exhibit 5.5(a) hereto (the "Company Affiliate
Letter"), executed by each of such persons identified in the foregoing list.
Prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall amend and supplement Section
5.5(a) of the Company Letter and use its reasonable best efforts to cause each
additional person who is identified as a Rule 145 Affiliate of the Company to
execute the Company Affiliate Letter. Parent shall be entitled to place
appropriate legends on the certificates evidencing any Parent Common Stock to be
received by affiliates of the Company pursuant to this Agreement and to issue
appropriate stop transfer instructions to the transfer agent for the Parent
Common Stock, consistent with the terms of the Company Affiliate Letter.
(b) Section 5.5(b) of the Parent Letter contains a list identifying those
persons who may be, at the time of the Parent Stockholder Meeting, affiliates of
Parent under applicable SEC accounting releases with respect
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to pooling of interests accounting treatment. Parent shall use its reasonable
best efforts to enter into a written agreement in substantially the form of
Exhibit 5.5(b) hereto (the "Parent Affiliate Letter") within 30 days of the date
hereof with each of such persons identified in the foregoing list. Prior to the
Effective Time, Parent shall amend and supplement Section 5.5(b) of the Parent
Letter and use its reasonable best efforts to cause each additional person who
is identified as an affiliate of Parent to execute the Parent Affiliate Letter.
Section 5.6 Current Nasdaq Quotation. Each of Parent and the Company shall
use its reasonable best efforts to continue the quotation of the Parent Common
Stock and the Company Common Stock, respectively, on NASDAQ during the term of
this Agreement to the extent necessary so that appraisal rights will not be
available to stockholders of the Company under Section 262 of the DGCL.
Section 5.7 Fees and Expenses. (a) Except as provided in this Section 5.7
and Section 5.11, whether or not the Merger is consummated, all costs and
expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereby including, without limitation, the fees and disbursements of
counsel, financial advisors and accountants, shall be paid by the party
incurring such costs and expenses, provided that all printing expenses and all
filing fees (including, without limitation, filing fees under the Securities
Act, the Exchange Act and the HSR Act) shall be divided equally between Parent
and the Company.
(b) (i) Notwithstanding any provision in this Agreement to the contrary, if
this Agreement is terminated (A) by the Company or Parent pursuant to Section
7.1(e) and a Takeover Proposal existed between the date hereof and the date of
the Company Stockholder Meeting, (B) by the Company or Parent pursuant to
Section 7.1(g) or (C) by Parent pursuant to Section 7.1(h) (except, in the case
of Section 7.1(h)(i), as provided in Section 5.7(d)), then, in each case, the
Company shall (without prejudice to any other rights Parent may have against the
Company for breach of this Agreement) reimburse Parent upon demand for all
reasonable out-of-pocket fees and expenses incurred or paid by or on behalf of
Parent or any Affiliate (as hereinafter defined) of Parent in connection with
this Agreement, the Stock Option Agreement and the transactions contemplated
herein or therein, including all fees and expenses of counsel, investment
banking firms, accountants and consultants; provided, however, that the Company
shall not be obligated to make payments pursuant to this Section 5.7(b)(i) in
excess of $10,000,000 in the aggregate. As used herein, "Affiliate" shall have
the meaning set forth in Rule 405 under the Securities Act.
(ii) Notwithstanding any provision in this Agreement to the contrary, if
this Agreement is terminated (A) by the Company or Parent pursuant to Section
7.1(f) and a Parent Takeover Proposal (as defined below) existed between the
date hereof and the date of the Parent Stockholder Meeting or (B) by the Company
pursuant to Section 7.1(i) (except in circumstances in which the event described
in Section 7.1(i) causing such termination occurred solely as a result of a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company (provided that, for purposes of this
Section 5.7(b)(ii)(B), a Material Adverse Effect on the results of operations of
the Company and its Subsidiaries shall only be deemed to be such to the extent
it relates to the long-term prospects of the results of operations of the
Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole) after the Board of Directors of
Parent determined, in its reasonable good faith judgment, on the basis of the
advice of outside corporate counsel of Parent, that the making of its
recommendation to the stockholders of Parent in favor of the Share Issuance, or
the failure to withdraw or modify such recommendation, would violate its
fiduciary duties under applicable law in light of such Material Adverse Effect
on the Company), then, in each case, Parent shall (without prejudice to any
other rights the Company may have against Parent for breach of this Agreement)
reimburse the Company upon demand for all reasonable out-of-pocket fees and
expenses incurred or paid by or on behalf of the Company or any Affiliate of the
Company in connection with this Agreement, the Stock Option Agreement and the
transactions contemplated herein or therein, including all fees and expenses of
counsel, investment banking firms, accountants and consultants; provided,
however, that Parent shall not be obligated to make payments pursuant to this
Section 5.7(b)(ii) in excess of $10,000,000 in the aggregate. As used herein,
"Parent Takeover Proposal" means any proposal or offer, or any expression of
interest, by any third party relating to Parent's willingness or ability to
receive or discuss a proposal or offer for a merger, consolidation or other
business combination, in each case pursuant to which Parent is acquired by a
third party.
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(c) Notwithstanding any provision in this Agreement to the contrary, if (i)
this Agreement is terminated by the Company or Parent pursuant to Section 7.1(e)
and a Takeover Proposal existed between the date hereof and the date of the
Company Stockholder Meeting and, concurrently with or within twelve months after
any such termination a Third Party Acquisition Event (as defined below) occurs
or the Company shall enter into any letter of intent, agreement in principle,
acquisition agreement or other similar agreement with respect to a Third Party
Acquisition Event, (ii) this Agreement is terminated by Parent or the Company
pursuant to Section 7.1(g) or (iii) this Agreement is terminated by Parent
pursuant to Section 7.1(h) (except, in the case of Section 7.1(h)(i), as
provided in Section 5.7(d)), then, in each case, the Company shall (in addition
to any obligation under Section 5.7(b) and without prejudice to any other rights
that Parent may have against the Company for a breach of this Agreement) pay to
Parent a fee (the "Termination Fee") of $200,000,000 in cash, such payment to be
made promptly, but in no event later than, in the case of clause (i), the later
to occur of such termination and such Third Party Acquisition Event or, in the
case of clauses (ii) or (iii), such termination.
As used in this Agreement, a "Third Party Acquisition Event" involving the
Company means (i) a transaction or series of transactions pursuant to which any
person or group (as such term is defined under the Exchange Act), other than
Parent or Sub, or any affiliate thereof ("Third Party"), acquires (or would
acquire upon completion of such transaction or series of transactions) more than
twenty percent (20%) of the equity securities or voting power of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries, pursuant to a tender offer or exchange offer or
otherwise, (ii) a merger, consolidation, share exchange or other business
combination involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to which
any person other than Parent or Sub acquires ownership (or would acquire
ownership upon consummation of such merger, consolidation, share exchange or
other business combination) of more than twenty percent (20%) of the outstanding
equity securities or voting power of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or
of the entity surviving such merger or business combination or resulting from
such consolidation, (iii) any other transaction or series of transactions
pursuant to which any Third Party acquires (or would acquire upon completion of
such transaction or series of transactions) control of assets of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries (including, for this purpose, outstanding equity
securities of Subsidiaries of such party) having a fair market value equal to
more than twenty percent (20%) of the fair market value of all the consolidated
assets of the Company immediately prior to such transaction or series of
transactions, or (iv) any transaction or series of transactions pursuant to
which any Third Party acquires (or would acquire upon completion of such
transaction or series of transactions) control of the Board of Directors of the
Company or by which nominees of any Third Party are (or would be) elected or
appointed to a majority of the seats on the Board of Directors of the Company.
(d) No payment shall be required to be made by the Company pursuant to
Section 5.7(b)(i)(C) or 5.7(c)(iii) (in each case, with respect to a termination
of this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.1(h)(i)) if the following conditions are
satisfied: (i) no Takeover Proposal existed between the date hereof and the date
of the Company Stockholder Meeting; (ii) the event described in Section
7.1(h)(i) causing the termination of this Agreement occurred solely as a result
of (A) the occurrence of a Material Adverse Effect on Parent (provided that, for
purposes of this Section 5.7(d)(ii)(A), a Material Adverse Effect on the results
of operations of Parent and its Subsidiaries shall only be deemed to be such to
the extent it relates to the long-term prospects of the results of operations of
Parent and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole) or (B) Parent entering into a
definitive written agreement pursuant to which (x) Parent acquires, or one of
Parent's Subsidiaries merges with, another entity and (y) in consideration
therefor Parent agrees to issue Parent Common Stock or other voting securities
representing, in the aggregate, 20% or more of the then outstanding shares of
Parent Common Stock and other Parent voting securities (a "Parent Acquisition
Event"); (iii) prior to the occurrence of the event described in Section
7.1(h)(i) causing the termination of this Agreement (if resulting from such
Material Adverse Effect on Parent as stated above), the Board of Directors of
the Company determined in its reasonable good faith judgment, on the basis of
the advice of outside corporate counsel of the Company, that the making of its
recommendation to the stockholders of the Company in favor of approval of this
Agreement, or the failure to withdraw or modify such recommendation, would
violate its fiduciary duties under applicable law solely in light of the
Material Adverse Effect on Parent; and (iv) prior to the occurrence of the event
described in Section 7.1(h)(i) causing such termination (if resulting from
Parent entering into a definitive written agreement to effect a Parent
Acquisition Event as stated above), (A) the
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Board of Directors of the Company, after due deliberation and in the good faith
exercise of its fiduciary duties under applicable law (as advised by outside
corporate counsel of the Company), determined (1) to withdraw or modify such
recommendation solely because Parent notified the Company that it intended to
enter into or had entered into a definitive written agreement to effect a Parent
Acquisition Event and (2) that, solely as a result of such Parent Acquisition
Event, the Merger was no longer in the best interests of the Company and its
stockholders and (B) the Board of Directors of the Company notified Parent that
it had resolved to withdraw or modify its recommendation in favor of the
approval of this Agreement within five business days of the receipt of Parent's
notice.
Section 5.8 Company Stock Plans. (a) Not later than the Effective Time,
each Company Stock Option which is outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time pursuant to the Company Stock Option Plans shall become and
represent an option to purchase the number of shares of Parent Common Stock (a
"Substitute Option") (decreased to the nearest full share) determined by
multiplying (i) the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such
Company Stock Option immediately prior to the Effective Time by (ii) the
Exchange Ratio, at an exercise price per share of Parent Common Stock (rounded
up to the nearest tenth of a cent) equal to the exercise price per share of
Company Common Stock immediately prior to the Effective Time divided by the
Exchange Ratio. Parent shall pay cash to holders of Company Stock Options in
lieu of issuing fractional shares of Parent Common Stock upon the exercise of
Substitute Options for shares of Parent Common Stock, unless in the judgment of
Parent such payment would adversely affect the ability to account for the Merger
under the pooling of interests method. After the Effective Time, except as
provided above in this Section 5.8, each Substitute Option shall be exercisable
upon the same terms and conditions as were applicable under the related Company
Stock Option immediately prior to or at the Effective Time. The Company shall
take all necessary action to implement the provisions of this Section 5.8. As
soon as reasonably practicable, and in no event later than twenty days after the
Effective Time, Parent shall file a registration statement on Form S-8 (or any
successor or other appropriate form) with respect to Parent Common Stock subject
to such Substitute Options, or shall cause such Substitute Options to be deemed
to be issued pursuant to a Parent Stock Plan for which shares of Parent Common
Stock have been previously registered pursuant to an appropriate registration
form.
(b) The Company shall cause the Company Stock Purchase Plan and all rights
thereunder to terminate, with the effect of such termination being that no
offering period and no purchase period shall commence under such plan.
Section 5.9 Reasonable Best Efforts; Pooling of Interests. (a) Upon the
terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, each of the
parties agrees to use reasonable best efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all
actions, and to do, or cause to be done, and to assist and cooperate with the
other parties in doing, all things necessary, proper or advisable to consummate
and make effective, in the most expeditious manner practicable, the Merger and
the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, but not
limited to: (i) the obtaining of all necessary actions or non-actions, waivers,
consents and approvals from all Governmental Entities and the making of all
necessary registrations and filings (including filings with Governmental
Entities) and the taking of all reasonable steps as may be necessary to obtain
an approval or waiver from, or to avoid an action or proceeding by, any
Governmental Entity (including those in connection with the HSR Act and State
Takeover Approvals), (ii) the obtaining of all necessary consents, approvals or
waivers from third parties, (iii) the defending of any lawsuits or other legal
proceedings, whether judicial or administrative, challenging this Agreement, the
Stock Option Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated
hereby and thereby, including seeking to have any stay or temporary restraining
order entered by any court or other Governmental Entity vacated or reversed,
(iv) each of Parent and the Company agreeing to take, together with their
respective accountants, all actions reasonably necessary in order to obtain a
favorable determination (if required) from the SEC that the Merger may be
accounted for as a pooling of interests in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles and (v) the execution and delivery of any additional
instruments necessary to consummate the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement. No party to this Agreement shall consent to any voluntary delay of
the consummation of the Merger at the behest of any Governmental Entity without
the consent of the other parties to this Agreement, which consent shall not be
unreasonably withheld.
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(b) Each party shall use all reasonable best efforts to not take any
action, or enter into any transaction, which would cause any of its
representations or warranties contained in this Agreement to be untrue or result
in a breach of any covenant made by it in this Agreement.
(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement,
in connection with any filing or submission required or action to be taken by
either Parent or the Company to effect the Merger and to consummate the other
transactions contemplated hereby, the Company shall not, without Parent's prior
written consent, and Parent shall not, without the Company's prior written
consent, commit to any divestiture transaction, and neither Parent or any of its
Affiliates nor the Company or any of its Affiliates shall be required to divest
or hold separate or otherwise take or commit to take any action that limits its
freedom of action with respect to, or its ability to retain, the Company or any
of the businesses, product lines or assets of Parent, the Company or any of
their respective Subsidiaries or that otherwise would have a Material Adverse
Effect on Parent or the Company.
(d) Nothing contained in this Agreement, including without limitation this
Section 5.9, shall limit or restrict Parent's ability to enter into any Parent
Takeover Proposal, any Parent Acquisition Event or any other business
combination or Parent's activities in connection with any of the foregoing;
provided, however, that this Section 5.9(d) shall not affect the right of the
Board of Directors of the Company to withdraw or modify its recommendation to
the stockholders of the Company in favor of approval of this Agreement in
accordance with the terms of Section 5.1.
Section 5.10 Public Announcements. Parent and the Company will not issue
any press release with respect to the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement or otherwise issue any written public statements with respect to such
transactions without prior consultation with the other party, except as may be
required by applicable law or by obligations pursuant to any listing agreement
with any national securities exchange or the rules of NASDAQ.
Section 5.11 Real Estate Transfer and Gains Tax. Parent and the Company
agree that either the Company or the Surviving Corporation will pay any state or
local tax which is attributable to the transfer of the beneficial ownership of
the Company's or its Subsidiaries' real property, if any (collectively, the
"Gains Taxes"), and any penalties or interest with respect to the Gains Taxes,
payable in connection with the consummation of the Merger. The Company and
Parent agree to cooperate with the other in the filing of any returns with
respect to the Gains Taxes, including supplying in a timely manner a complete
list of all real property interests held by the Company and its Subsidiaries and
any information with respect to such property that is reasonably necessary to
complete such returns. The portion of the consideration allocable to the real
property of the Company and its Subsidiaries shall be determined by Parent in
its reasonable discretion.
Section 5.12 State Takeover Laws. If any "fair price," "business
combination" or "control share acquisition" statute or other similar statute or
regulation shall become applicable to the transactions contemplated hereby or in
the Stock Option Agreement, Parent and the Company and their respective Boards
of Directors shall use their reasonable best efforts to grant such approvals and
take such actions as are necessary so that the transactions contemplated hereby
and thereby may be consummated as promptly as practicable on the terms
contemplated hereby and thereby and otherwise act to minimize the effects of any
such statute or regulation on the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby.
Section 5.13 Indemnification; Directors and Officers Insurance. For six
years from and after the Effective Time, Parent agrees to cause the Surviving
Corporation to indemnify and hold harmless all past and present officers and
directors of the Company and of its Subsidiaries to the same extent such persons
are indemnified as of the date of this Agreement by the Company for acts or
omissions occurring at or prior to the Effective Time pursuant to the Company
Charter, the Company Bylaws and the indemnification agreements in the form filed
as an exhibit to the Company SEC Documents which were entered into prior to the
date hereof between the Company and persons identified in Section 5.13 of the
Company Letter. Parent shall provide, or shall cause the Surviving Corporation
to provide, for an aggregate period of not less than six years from the
Effective Time, the Company's current directors and officers an insurance and
indemnification policy that provides coverage for events occurring prior to the
Effective Time (the "D&O Insurance") that is substantially similar (with respect
to limits and deductibles) to the Company's existing policy or, if
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substantially equivalent insurance coverage is unavailable, the best available
coverage; provided, however, that the Surviving Corporation shall not be
required to pay an annual premium for the D&O Insurance in excess of $1,425,000,
but shall, in such event, maintain all coverage that can be purchased for such
amount. The Company represents and warrants to Parent that a true and complete
copy of the Company's existing insurance and indemnification policy has been
provided to Parent.
Section 5.14 Notification of Certain Matters. Parent shall use its
reasonable best efforts to give prompt notice to the Company, and the Company
shall use its reasonable best efforts to give prompt notice to Parent, of: (i)
the occurrence, or non-occurrence, of any event the occurrence, or
non-occurrence, of which it is aware and which would be reasonably likely to
cause (x) any representation or warranty contained in this Agreement to be
untrue or inaccurate in any material respect or (y) any covenant, condition or
agreement contained in this Agreement not to be complied with or satisfied in
all material respects, (ii) any failure of Parent or the Company, as the case
may be, to comply in a timely manner with or satisfy any covenant, condition or
agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it hereunder or (iii) any change
or event which would be reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect on
Parent or the Company, as the case may be; provided, however, that the delivery
of any notice pursuant to this Section 5.14 shall not limit or otherwise affect
the remedies available hereunder to the party receiving such notice.
Section 5.15 Employee Benefit Plans and Agreements. (a) Parent agrees that
it will cause the Surviving Corporation from and after the Effective Time to
honor all Company Plans and all employment agreements entered into by the
Company prior to the date hereof; provided, however, that nothing in this
Agreement shall be interpreted as limiting the power of Parent or the Surviving
Corporation to amend or terminate any Company Plan or any other individual
employee benefit plan, program, agreement or policy or as requiring Parent or
the Surviving Corporation to offer to continue (other than as required by its
terms) any written employment contract.
(b) Subject to this Section 5.15(b), Parent agrees that all employees of
the Company and its Subsidiaries who are covered under any of the Company Plans
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall continue to be covered under such
Company Plans after the Effective Time other than the Company Stock Purchase
Plan and the Company Stock Option Plans. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Parent
may terminate all of the Company Plans provided that: (1) each Company employee
and each employee of the Company's Subsidiaries is provided coverage under the
Parent Plans on the same terms and conditions as similarly situated Parent
employees; (2) Parent causes each Parent Plan covering employees of the Company
or its Subsidiaries to recognize prior service of such employees with the
Company and its Subsidiaries as service with Parent and its Subsidiaries (i) for
purposes of any waiting period and eligibility requirements under any Parent
Plan that is not a "pension plan" (as defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA), and
(ii) for purposes of eligibility (including eligibility for early retirement
benefits) and vesting (but not benefit accrual) under any Parent Plan that is a
"pension plan" (as defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA); (3) Parent causes coverage
to be immediately available for employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries
under the comparable Parent Plan, if any, at the time coverage ceases under any
Company Plan sought to be terminated; and (4) to the extent Parent elects to
terminate any Company Plan, it will terminate the other Company Plans in
accordance herewith as soon as practicable after the termination of such Company
Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall require Parent to
offer benefits under the Parent Plans comparable to those offered under the
Company Plans.
(c) After the Effective Time, Parent shall cause employees of the Company
to be eligible to participate in stock purchase plans maintained by Parent from
time to time and to receive grants of options to purchase Parent Common Stock
under the stock option plans maintained by Parent from time to time, in each
case in accordance with the terms of such plans.
Section 5.16 Rights Agreement. Without the prior written consent of Parent,
the Company shall not redeem the Rights issued under the Rights Agreement or
terminate the Rights Agreement prior to the Effective Time unless required to do
so by a court of competent jurisdiction.
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Section 5.17 Directorships. Promptly following the Effective Time, Parent's
Board of Directors shall elect Patrick H. Nettles, Jon W. Bayless, Stephen
Bradley and Billy B. Oliver to be directors of Parent so that immediately
thereafter, the Board of Directors of Parent shall consist of twelve directors.
ARTICLE VI
CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO THE MERGER
Section 6.1 Conditions to Each Party's Obligation to Effect the Merger. The
respective obligations of each party to effect the Merger shall be subject to
the fulfillment at or prior to the Effective Time of the following conditions:
(a) Stockholder Approval. This Agreement shall have been duly approved by
the requisite vote of stockholders of the Company in accordance with applicable
law and the Company Charter and the Company Bylaws, and the Share Issuance shall
have been approved by the requisite vote of the stockholders of Parent in
accordance with applicable rules of NASDAQ, applicable law and the Parent
Charter and the Parent Bylaws.
(b) Quotation of Stock. The Parent Common Stock issuable in the Merger
shall have been authorized for quotation on NASDAQ, subject to official notice
of issuance.
(c) HSR and Other Approvals. (i) The waiting period (and any extension
thereof) applicable to the consummation of the Merger under the HSR Act shall
have expired or been terminated.
(ii) All authorizations, consents, orders, declarations or approvals of, or
filings with, or terminations or expirations of waiting periods imposed by, any
Governmental Entity, which the failure to obtain, make or occur would have the
effect of making the Merger or any of the transactions contemplated hereby
illegal or would have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse
Effect on Parent (assuming the Merger had taken place), shall have been
obtained, shall have been made or shall have occurred.
(d) Registration Statement. The Registration Statement shall have become
effective in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act. No stop order
suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall have been
issued by the SEC and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been initiated
or, to the Knowledge of Parent or the Company, threatened by the SEC. All
necessary state securities or Blue Sky authorizations (including State Takeover
Approvals) shall have been received.
(e) No Order. No court or other Governmental Entity having jurisdiction
over the Company or Parent, or any of their respective Subsidiaries, shall have
enacted, issued, promulgated, enforced or entered any law, rule, regulation,
executive order, decree, injunction or other order (whether temporary,
preliminary or permanent) which is then in effect and has the effect of making
the Merger or any of the transactions contemplated hereby illegal.
Section 6.2 Conditions to Obligation of the Company to Effect the
Merger. The obligation of the Company to effect the Merger shall be subject to
the fulfillment at or prior to the Effective Time of the following additional
conditions:
(a) Performance of Obligations; Representations and Warranties. Each of
Parent and Sub shall have performed in all material respects each of its
agreements contained in this Agreement required to be performed on or prior to
the Effective Time, each of the representations and warranties of Parent and Sub
contained in this Agreement that is qualified by materiality shall be true and
correct on and as of the Effective Time as if made on and as of such date (other
than representations and warranties which address matters only as of a certain
date which shall be true and correct as of such certain date) and each of the
representations and warranties that is not so qualified shall be true and
correct in all material respects on and as of the Effective Time as if made on
and as of such date (other than representations and warranties which address
matters only as of a certain date which shall be true and correct in all
material respects as of such certain date), in each case except as contemplated
or permitted by this Agreement, and the Company shall have received a
certificate signed on behalf of Parent by its Chief Executive Officer and its
Chief Financial Officer to such effect.
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(b) Tax Opinion. The Company shall have received an opinion of Hogan &
Hartson L.L.P., in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Company,
dated the Effective Time, substantially to the effect that on the basis of
facts, representations and assumptions set forth in such opinion which are
consistent with the state of facts existing as of the Effective Time, for
federal income tax purposes:
(i) the Merger will constitute a "reorganization" within the meaning
of Section 368(a) of the Code, and the Company, Sub and Parent will each be
a party to that reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(b) of the
Code;
(ii) no gain or loss will be recognized by Parent, Sub or the Company
as a result of the Merger;
(iii) no gain or loss will be recognized by the stockholders of the
Company upon the conversion of their shares of Company Common Stock into
shares of Parent Common Stock pursuant to the Merger, except with respect
to cash, if any, received in lieu of fractional shares of Parent Common
Stock;
(iv) the aggregate tax basis of the shares of Parent Common Stock
received in exchange for shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to the
Merger (including a fractional share of Parent Common Stock for which cash
is received) will be the same as the aggregate tax basis of such shares of
Company Common Stock;
(v) the holding period for shares of Parent Common Stock received in
exchange for shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to the Merger will
include the holder's holding period for such shares of Company Common
Stock, provided such shares of Company Common Stock were held as capital
assets by the holder at the Effective Time; and
(vi) a stockholder of the Company who receives cash in lieu of a
fractional share of Parent Common Stock will recognize gain or loss equal
to the difference, if any, between such stockholder's basis in the
fractional share (determined under clause (iv) above) and the amount of
cash received.
In rendering such opinion, Hogan & Hartson L.L.P. may rely upon the
representations contained herein and may receive and rely upon representations
from Parent, the Company, and others, including representations from Parent
substantially similar to the representations in the Parent Tax Certificate
attached to the Parent Letter and representations from the Company substantially
similar to the representations in the Company Tax Certificate attached to the
Company Letter.
(c) Material Adverse Effect. Since the date of this Agreement, there shall
not have been any events, changes or developments that, individually or in the
aggregate, would have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent; provided, that, for
purposes of this Section 6.2(c), a Material Adverse Effect on the results of
operations of Parent shall only be deemed to be such to the extent it relates to
the long-term prospects of the results of operations of Parent and its
Subsidiaries taken as a whole. The Company shall have received a certificate
signed on behalf of Parent by its Chief Executive Officer and its Chief
Financial Officer to such effect.
(d) Consents. Parent shall have obtained the consent or approval of each
person that is not a Governmental Entity whose consent or approval shall be
required in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby under any loan
or credit agreement, note, mortgage, indenture, lease or other agreement by
which Parent or any of its Subsidiaries is bound, except as to which the failure
to obtain such consents and approvals would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent.
(e) Litigation. There shall not be instituted or pending any suit, action
or proceeding by any Governmental Entity relating to this Agreement, the Stock
Option Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated herein or therein which
would have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company or Parent.
Section 6.3 Conditions to Obligations of Parent and Sub to Effect the
Merger. The obligations of Parent and Sub to effect the Merger shall be subject
to the fulfillment at or prior to the Effective Time of the following additional
conditions:
(a) Performance of Obligations; Representations and Warranties. The Company
shall have performed in all material respects each of its agreements contained
in this Agreement required to be performed on or
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prior to the Effective Time, each of the representations and warranties of the
Company contained in this Agreement that is qualified by materiality shall be
true and correct on and as of the Effective Time as if made on and as of such
date (other than representations and warranties which address matters only as of
a certain date which shall be true and correct as of such certain date) and each
of the representations and warranties that is not so qualified shall be true and
correct in all material respects on and as of the Effective Time as if made on
and as of such date (other than representations and warranties which address
matters only as of a certain date which shall be true and correct in all
material respects as of such certain date), in each case except as contemplated
or permitted by this Agreement, and Parent shall have received a certificate
signed on behalf of the Company by its Chief Executive Officer and its Chief
Financial Officer to such effect.
(b) Tax Opinion. Parent shall have received an opinion of Sidley & Austin,
in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Parent, dated the Effective
Time, substantially to the effect that on the basis of facts, representations
and assumptions set forth in such opinion which are consistent with the state of
facts existing as of the Effective Time, for federal income tax purposes:
(i) the Merger will constitute a "reorganization" within the meaning
of Section 368(a) of the Code, and the Company, Sub and Parent will each be
a party to that reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(b) of the
Code;
(ii) no gain or loss will be recognized by Parent, Sub or the Company
as a result of the Merger;
(iii) no gain or loss will be recognized by the stockholders of the
Company upon the conversion of their shares of Company Common Stock into
shares of Parent Common Stock pursuant to the Merger, except with respect
to cash, if any, received in lieu of fractional shares of Parent Common
Stock;
(iv) the aggregate tax basis of the shares of Parent Common Stock
received in exchange for shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to the
Merger (including a fractional share of Parent Common Stock for which cash
is received) will be the same as the aggregate tax basis of such shares of
Company Common Stock;
(v) the holding period for shares of Parent Common Stock received in
exchange for shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to the Merger will
include the holder's holding period for such shares of Company Common
Stock, provided such shares of Company Common Stock were held as capital
assets by the holder at the Effective Time; and
(vi) a stockholder of the Company who receives cash in lieu of a
fractional share of Parent Common Stock will recognize gain or loss equal
to the difference, if any, between such stockholder's basis in the
fractional share (determined under clause (iv) above) and the amount of
cash received.
In rendering such opinion, Sidley & Austin may rely upon representations
contained herein and may receive and rely upon representations from Parent, the
Company, and others, including representations from Parent substantially similar
to the representations in the Parent Tax Certificate attached to the Parent
Letter and representations from the Company substantially similar to the
representations in the Company Tax Certificate attached to the Company Letter.
(c) Material Adverse Effect. Since the date of this Agreement, there shall
not have been any events, changes or developments that, individually or in the
aggregate, would have (i) a Material Adverse Effect on the Company; provided,
that, for purposes of this Section 6.3(c), a Material Adverse Effect on the
results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries shall only be deemed
to be such to the extent it relates to the long-term prospects of the results of
operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole. Parent shall
have received a certificate signed on behalf of the Company by its Chief
Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer to such effect.
(d) Accounting. Parent shall have received an opinion of Ernst & Young LLP
(or any successor thereto), in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to
Parent, that the Merger will qualify for pooling of interests accounting
treatment under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 16 if closed and
consummated in accordance with this Agreement (which opinion shall be based, as
to the financial statements of the Company, on a customary "pooling" letter of
Price Waterhouse LLP); and
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(e) Consents. The Company shall have obtained the consent or approval of
each person that is not a Governmental Entity whose consent or approval shall be
required in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby under any loan
or credit agreement, note, mortgage, indenture, lease or other agreement or
instrument by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound, except as
to which the failure to obtain such consents and approvals would not,
individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
(f) Litigation. There shall not be instituted or pending any suit, action
or proceeding by any Governmental Entity relating to this Agreement, the Stock
Option Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated herein or therein which
would have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company or Parent.
(g) Rights Agreement. The Rights shall not have become nonredeemable,
exercisable, distributed or triggered pursuant to the terms of the Rights
Agreement.
ARTICLE VII
TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND WAIVER
Section 7.1 Termination. This Agreement may be terminated at any time prior
to the Effective Time, whether before or after any approval of the matters
presented in connection with the Merger by the stockholders of the Company or
Parent:
(a) by mutual written consent of Parent and the Company;
(b) by either Parent or the Company if the other party shall have failed to
comply in any material respect with any of its covenants or agreements contained
in this Agreement required to be complied with prior to the date of such
termination, which failure to comply has not been cured within thirty business
days following receipt by such other party of written notice from the
non-breaching party of such failure to comply;
(c) by either Parent or the Company if there has been (i) a breach by the
other party (in the case of Parent, including any material breach by Sub) of any
representation or warranty that is not qualified as to materiality which has the
effect of making such representation or warranty not true and correct in all
material respects or (ii) a breach by the other party (in the case of Parent,
including any material breach by Sub) of any representation or warranty that is
qualified as to materiality, in each case which breach has not been cured within
thirty business days following receipt by the breaching party from the
non-breaching party of written notice of the breach;
(d) by Parent or the Company if: (i) the Merger has not been effected on or
prior to the close of business on December 31, 1998; provided, however, that the
right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(d)(i) shall not
be available to any party whose failure to fulfill any of its obligations
contained in this Agreement has been the cause of, or resulted in, the failure
of the Merger to have occurred on or prior to the aforesaid date; or (ii) any
court or other Governmental Entity having jurisdiction over a party hereto shall
have issued an order, decree or ruling or taken any other action permanently
enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting the consummation of the Merger
and such order, decree, ruling or other action shall have become final and
nonappealable;
(e) by Parent or the Company if the stockholders of the Company do not
approve this Agreement at the Company Stockholder Meeting or at any adjournment
or postponement thereof; provided, however, that the Company may not terminate
this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(e) if the Company has not complied
with its obligations under Sections 4.2, 5.1 and 5.2 or has otherwise breached
in any material respect its obligations under this Agreement in any manner that
could reasonably have caused the failure of the stockholder approval to be
obtained at the Company Stockholder Meeting;
(f) by Parent or the Company if the stockholders of Parent do not approve
the Share Issuance at the Parent Stockholder Meeting or at any adjournment or
postponement thereof; provided, however, that Parent may not terminate this
Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(f) if Parent has not complied with its
obligations under Sections 5.1 and 5.2 or has otherwise breached in any material
respect its obligations under
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this Agreement in any manner that could reasonably have caused the failure of
the vote in favor of the Share Issuance to be obtained at the Parent Stockholder
Meeting;
(g) by Parent or the Company if (i) the Board of Directors of the Company
reasonably determines that a Takeover Proposal constitutes a Superior Proposal
and (ii) the Board of Directors of the Company determines in its reasonable good
faith judgment, on the basis of the advice of the outside corporate counsel of
the Company, that the failure to accept such Superior Proposal would violate its
fiduciary duties to its stockholders under applicable law; provided, however,
that the Company may not terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section
7.1(g) unless (i) the Company has delivered to Parent a written notice of the
Company's intent to enter into such an agreement to effect the Superior
Proposal, (ii) five business days have elapsed following delivery to Parent of
such written notice by the Company and (iii) during such five business day
period the Company has fully cooperated with Parent, including, without
limitation, informing Parent of the terms and conditions of the Takeover
Proposal and the identity of the person making the Takeover Proposal, with the
intent of enabling Parent to agree to a modification of the terms and conditions
of this Agreement so that the transactions contemplated hereby, as so modified,
may be effected; provided, further, that the Company may not terminate this
Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(g) unless at the end of such five
business day period (i) the Board of Directors of the Company continues
reasonably to believe that the Takeover Proposal constitutes a Superior
Proposal, (ii) the Board of Directors of the Company continues to reach a
determination in its reasonable good faith judgment, on the basis of the advice
of the outside corporate counsel of the Company, that the failure to accept such
Superior Proposal would violate its fiduciary duties to its stockholders under
applicable law and (iii) prior to such termination the Company pays to Parent
the amounts specified under Sections 5.7(a), (b) and (c); and provided, further,
that this Agreement shall not terminate pursuant to this Section 7.1(g) unless
simultaneously with such termination the Company enters into a definitive
acquisition, merger or similar agreement to effect the Superior Proposal.
(h) by Parent if (i) the Board of Directors of the Company shall not have
recommended, or shall have resolved not to recommend, or shall have qualified,
modified or withdrawn its recommendation of the Merger or declaration that the
Merger is advisable and fair to and in the best interest of the Company and its
stockholders, or shall have resolved to do so, (ii) any person (other than
Parent or its Affiliates) acquires or becomes the beneficial owner of 20% or
more of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock, (iii) the Board of
Directors of the Company shall have recommended to the stockholders of the
Company any Takeover Proposal or shall have resolved to do so or (iv) a tender
offer or exchange offer for 20% or more of the outstanding shares of capital
stock of the Company is commenced, and the Board of Directors of the Company
fails to recommend against acceptance of such tender offer or exchange offer by
its stockholders (including by taking no position with respect to the acceptance
of such tender offer or exchange offer by its stockholders); or
(i) by the Company if the Board of Directors of Parent shall not have
recommended, or shall have resolved not to recommend, or shall have qualified or
modified or withdrawn its recommendation of the Share Issuance or declaration
that the Share Issuance is advisable and fair to and in the best interest of
Parent and its stockholders, or shall have resolved to do so.
The right of any party hereto to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this
Section 7.1 shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of
any investigation made by or on behalf of any party hereto, any person
controlling any such party or any of their respective officers or directors,
whether prior to or after the execution of this Agreement.
Section 7.2 Effect of Termination. In the event of termination of this
Agreement by either Parent or the Company, as provided in Section 7.1, this
Agreement shall forthwith become void and there shall be no liability hereunder
on the part of the Company, Parent, Sub or their respective officers or
directors (except for the last sentence of Section 5.4 and the entirety of
Section 5.7, which shall survive the termination); provided, however, that
nothing contained in this Section 7.2 shall relieve any party hereto from any
liability for any willful breach of a representation or warranty contained in
this Agreement or the breach of any covenant contained in this Agreement.
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Section 7.3 Amendment. This Agreement may be amended by the parties hereto,
by or pursuant to action taken by their respective Boards of Directors, at any
time before or after approval of the matters presented in connection with the
Merger by the stockholders of Parent and the Company, but, after any such
approval, no amendment shall be made which by law requires further approval by
such stockholders without such further approval. This Agreement may not be
amended except by an instrument in writing signed on behalf of each of the
parties hereto.
Section 7.4 Waiver. At any time prior to the Effective Time, the parties
hereto may (i) extend the time for the performance of any of the obligations or
other acts of the other parties hereto, (ii) waive any inaccuracies in the
representations and warranties contained herein or in any document delivered
pursuant hereto and (iii) waive compliance with any of the agreements or
conditions contained herein which may legally be waived. Any agreement on the
part of a party hereto to any such extension or waiver shall be valid only if
set forth in an instrument in writing signed on behalf of such party.
ARTICLE VIII
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 8.1 Non-Survival of Representations and Warranties. The
representations and warranties in this Agreement or in any instrument delivered
pursuant to this Agreement shall terminate at the Effective Time.
Section 8.2 Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder shall
be in writing and shall be deemed given when delivered personally, one day after
being delivered to an overnight courier or when telecopied (with a confirmatory
copy sent by overnight courier) to the parties at the following addresses (or at
such other address for a party as shall be specified by like notice):
(a) if to Parent or Sub, to
Tellabs, Inc.
4951 Indiana Avenue
Lisle, Illinois 60532
Attention: General Counsel
Facsimile No.: (630) 512-7293
with a copy to:
Sidley & Austin
One First National Plaza
Chicago, Illinois 60603
Attention: Thomas A. Cole, Esq.
Imad I. Qasim, Esq.
Facsimile No.: (312) 853-7036
(b) if to the Company, to
CIENA Corporation
1201 Winterson Road
Linthicum, Maryland 21090
Attention: General Counsel
Facsimile No.: (410) 865-8900
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<PAGE> 122
with a copy to:
Hogan & Hartson L.L.P.
111 S. Calvert Street
Baltimore, Maryland 21202
Attention: Michael J. Silver, Esq.
Facsimile No.: (410) 539-6981
Section 8.3 Interpretation. When a reference is made in this Agreement to a
Section, such reference shall be to a Section of this Agreement unless otherwise
indicated. The table of contents, list of defined terms and headings contained
in this Agreement are for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any
way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. Whenever the words
"include," "includes" or "including" are used in this Agreement, they shall be
deemed to be followed by the words "without limitation."
Section 8.4 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts,
all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement, and shall become
effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the parties
and delivered to the other parties.
Section 8.5 Entire Agreement; No Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement,
except for the Stock Option Agreement and as provided in the last sentence of
Section 5.4, constitutes the entire agreement and supersedes all prior
agreements and understandings, both written and oral, among the parties with
respect to the subject matter hereof. This Agreement, except for the provisions
of Section 5.13, is not intended to confer upon any person other than the
parties hereto any rights or remedies hereunder.
Section 8.6 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by, and
construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, regardless of
the laws that might otherwise govern under applicable principles of conflicts of
laws thereof.
Section 8.7 Assignment. Subject to Section 1.1, neither this Agreement nor
any of the rights, interests or obligations hereunder shall be assigned by any
of the parties hereto (whether by operation of law or otherwise) without the
prior written consent of the other parties.
Section 8.8 Severability. If any term or other provision of this Agreement
is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of law, or public
policy, all other terms, conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall
nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic and legal
substance of the transactions contemplated hereby are not affected in any manner
materially adverse to any party. Upon such determination that any term or other
provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties shall
negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original
intent of the parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner in
order that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement may be consummated as
originally contemplated to the fullest extent possible.
Section 8.9 Enforcement of this Agreement. The parties hereto agree that
irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this
Agreement were not performed in accordance with their specific wording or were
otherwise breached. It is accordingly agreed that the parties hereto shall be
entitled to an injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches of this Agreement
and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof in any court of the
United States or any state having jurisdiction, such remedy being in addition to
any other remedy to which any party is entitled at law or in equity.
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<PAGE> 123
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Parent, Sub and the Company have caused this Agreement
to be signed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized all as of
the date first written above.
TELLABS, INC.
By: /s/ MICHAEL J. BIRCK
------------------------------------
Name: Michael J. Birck
Title: President and Chief Executive
Officer
WHITE OAK MERGER CORP.
By: /s/ MICHAEL J. BIRCK
------------------------------------
Name: Michael J. Birck
Title: President
CIENA CORPORATION
By: /s/ PATRICK H. NETTLES
------------------------------------
Name: Patrick H. Nettles
Title: President and Chief Executive
Officer
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<PAGE> 124
ANNEX B
Goldman, Sachs & Co. C 85 Broad Street C New York, New York 10004
Tel: 212-902-1000
Goldman Sachs Logo
PERSONAL AND CONFIDENTIAL
June 2, 1998
Board of Directors
Tellabs, Inc.
4951 Indiana Avenue
Lisle, IL 60532
Gentlemen and Madame:
You have requested our opinion as to the fairness from a financial point of
view to Tellabs, Inc. (the "Company") of the exchange ratio (the "Exchange
Ratio") of 1.00 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Company
Common Stock") of the Company, to be exchanged by the Company for each share of
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Shares"), of Ciena Corporation
("Ciena"), pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of June 2,
1998, among the Company, White Oak Merger Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of
the Company, and Ciena (the "Agreement").
Goldman, Sachs & Co., as part of its investment banking business, is
continually engaged in the valuation of businesses and their securities in
connection with mergers and acquisitions, negotiated underwritings, competitive
biddings, secondary distributions of listed and unlisted securities, private
placements and valuations for estate, corporate and other purposes. We are
familiar with the Company having provided certain investment banking services to
the Company from time to time, including acting as the Company's financial
advisor in connection with its pending acquisition of Coherent Communications
Systems Corporation and having acted as its financial advisor in connection
with, and having participated in certain of the negotiations leading to, the
Agreement. We also have provided certain investment banking services to Ciena
from time to time, including having acted as lead underwriter of its initial
public offering of 5,000,000 Shares in February 1997 and of its offering of
9,110,622 Shares in July 1997. Goldman, Sachs & Co. provides a full range of
financial advisory and securities services and, in the course of its normal
trading activities, may from time to time effect transactions and hold
securities, including derivative securities, of the Company or Ciena for its own
account and for the accounts of customers.
In connection with this opinion, we have reviewed, among other things, the
Agreement; Annual Reports to Stockholders and Annual Reports on Form 10-K of
Ciena for the fiscal year ended October 31, 1997 and of the Company for the five
years ended January 2, 1998; the Prospectus relating to the initial public
offering of Shares, dated February 7, 1997; the Prospectus relating to the
offering of Shares, dated July 2, 1997; certain interim reports to stockholders
and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q of Ciena and the Company; certain other
communications from Ciena and the Company to their respective stockholders;
certain internal financial analyses and forecasts for Ciena prepared by the
management of Ciena; and certain internal financial analyses and forecasts for
Ciena and the Company prepared by the management of the Company. We also have
held discussions with members of the senior management of Ciena and the Company
regarding the strategic rationale for, and the potential benefits of, the
transaction contemplated by the Agreement and the past and current business
operations, financial condition and future prospects of their respective
companies. In addition,
New York C London C Tokyo C Boston C Chicago C Dallas C Frankfurt C George
Town C Hong Kong C Houston C Los Angeles C Memphis
Miami C Milan C Montreal C Osaka C Paris C Philadelphia C San
Francisco C Singapore C Sydney C Toronto C Vancouver C Zurich
B-1
<PAGE> 125
Tellabs, Inc.
June 2, 1998
Page 2
we have reviewed the reported price and trading activity for the Company Common
Stock and the Shares, compared certain financial and stock market information
for Ciena and the Company with similar information for certain other companies
the securities of which are publicly traded, reviewed the financial terms of
certain recent business combinations in the communications equipment industry
specifically and in other industries generally and performed such other studies
and analyses as we considered appropriate.
We have relied upon the accuracy and completeness of all of the financial
and other information reviewed by us and have assumed such accuracy and
completeness for purposes of rendering this opinion. In that regard, we have
assumed, with your consent, that the financial forecasts, including, without
limitation, cost savings and operating synergies projected by the Company to
result from the transaction contemplated by the Agreement, have been reasonably
prepared on a basis reflecting the best currently available estimates and
judgments of the Company and that such forecasts will be realized in the amounts
and at the times contemplated thereby. In addition, we have not made an
independent evaluation or appraisal of the assets and liabilities of Ciena or
the Company or any of their subsidiaries and we have not been furnished with any
such evaluation or appraisal. We have also assumed with your consent that the
transaction contemplated by the Agreement will be accounted for as a
pooling-of-interests under generally accepted accounting principles. Our
advisory services and the opinion expressed herein are provided for the
information and assistance of the Board of Directors of the Company in
connection with its consideration of the transaction contemplated by the
Agreement and such opinion does not constitute a recommendation as to how any
holder of Company Common Stock should vote with respect to such transaction.
Based upon and subject to the foregoing and based upon such other matters
as we consider relevant, it is our opinion that as of the date hereof the
Exchange Ratio pursuant to the Agreement is fair from a financial point of view
to the Company.
GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO.
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<PAGE> 126
ANNEX C
MORGAN STANLEY
MORGAN STANLEY & CO.
INCORPORATED
2725 SAND HILL ROAD
BUIDLING C -- SUITE 200
MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA 94025
June 2, 1998
Board of Directors
CIENA Corporation
1201 Winterson Road
Linthicum, MD 21090
Members of the Board of Directors:
We understand that CIENA Corporation (the "Company"), Tellabs, Inc.
("Tellabs") and White Oak Merger Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary of Tellabs
("Merger Sub"), have entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of
June 2, 1998 (the "Merger Agreement"), which provides, among other things, for
the merger (the "Merger") of Merger Sub with and into the Company. Pursuant to
the Merger, the Company will become a wholly owned subsidiary of Tellabs and
each outstanding share of common stock, par value $.01 per share, of the Company
(the "Company Common Stock"), other than shares held in treasury or held by
Tellabs or any affiliate of Tellabs, will be converted into the right to receive
one share (the "Exchange Ratio") of common stock, par value $.01 per share, of
Tellabs (the "Tellabs Common Stock"). The terms and conditions of the Merger are
more fully set forth in the Merger Agreement.
You have asked for our opinion as to whether the Exchange Ratio pursuant to
the Merger Agreement is fair from a financial point of view to the holders of
shares of Company Common Stock.
For purposes of the opinion set forth herein, we have:
(i) reviewed certain publicly available financial statements and other
information of the Company and Tellabs, respectively;
(ii) discussed certain internal financial statements and other financial
and operating data concerning the Company and Tellabs prepared by the
managements of the Company and Tellabs, respectively;
(iii) discussed the past and current operations and financial condition and
the prospects of the Company, including information relating to
certain strategic, financial and operational benefits anticipated
from the Merger, with senior executives of the Company;
(iv) discussed the past and current operations and financial condition and
the prospects of Tellabs, including information relating to certain
strategic, financial and operational benefits anticipated from the
Merger, with senior executives of the Tellabs;
(v) reviewed the pro forma impact of the Merger on the earnings per share
of Tellabs;
(vi) reviewed the reported prices and trading activity for the Company
Common Stock and the Tellabs Common Stock;
(vii) compared the financial performance of the Company and Tellabs and the
prices and trading activity of the Company Common Stock and the
Tellabs Common Stock with that of certain publicly traded companies
and their securities;
(viii) reviewed the financial terms, to the extent publicly available, of
certain comparable transactions;
(ix) discussed with the senior managements of the Company and Tellabs their
strategic rationale for the Merger and certain alternatives to the
Merger;
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MORGAN STANLEY
(x) participated in discussions and negotiations among representatives of
the Company and Tellabs and their financial and legal advisors;
(xi) reviewed the Merger Agreement and certain related agreements; and
(xii) performed such other studies and analyses and considered such other
factors as we have deemed appropriate.
We have assumed and relied upon, without independent verification, the
accuracy and completeness of the information reviewed by us for the purposes of
this opinion. With respect to the internal financial statements and other
financial and operating data and discussions relating to the strategic,
financial and operational benefits anticipated from the Merger provided by the
Company and Tellabs, we have assumed that they have been reasonably prepared on
bases reflecting the best currently available estimates and judgments of the
prospects of the Company and Tellabs, respectively. We have relied upon the
assessment by the managements of the Company and Tellabs of their ability to
retain key employees of both the Company and Tellabs. We have also relied upon,
without independent verification, the assessment by the managements of the
Company and Tellabs of the Company's and Tellabs' technologies and products, the
timing and risks associated with the integration of the Company and Tellabs, and
the validity of, and risks associated with, the Company's and Tellabs' existing
and future products and technologies. We have not made any independent valuation
or appraisal of the assets, liabilities or technologies of the Company or
Tellabs, nor have we been furnished with any such appraisals. In addition, we
have assumed that the Merger will be accounted for as a "pooling-of-interests"
business combination in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting
Principles, will be treated as a tax-free reorganization and/or exchange
pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and will be
consummated in accordance with the terms set forth in the Merger Agreement. Our
opinion is necessarily based on economic, market and other conditions as in
effect on, and the information made available to us as of, the date hereof.
In arriving at our opinion, we were not authorized to solicit, and did not
solicit, interest from any party with respect to the acquisition of the Company
or any of its assets.
We have acted as financial advisor to the Board of Directors of the Company
in connection with this transaction and will receive a fee for our services. In
the past, Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated and its affiliates have provided
financing services for Tellabs and have received fees for the rendering of these
services.
It is understood that this letter is for the information of the Board of
Directors of the Company and may not be used for any other purpose without our
prior written consent, except that this letter may be included in its entirety
in any proxy or registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission and distributed to stockholders of the Company and Tellabs in respect
of the Merger. In addition, this opinion does not in any manner address the
prices at which the Tellabs Common Stock will actually trade at any time and we
express no recommendation or opinion as to how the holders of Company Common
Stock should vote at the stockholders' meeting held in connection with the
Merger.
Based upon and subject to the foregoing, we are of the opinion on the date
hereof that the Exchange Ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement is fair from a
financial point of view to the holders of shares of Company Common Stock.
Very truly yours,
MORGAN STANLEY & CO. INCORPORATED
C-2
/s/ Charles R. Cory
By:
--------------------------------------
Charles R. Cory
Managing Director
<PAGE> 128
ANNEX D
STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT
STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT, dated as of June 2, 1998 (the "Agreement"), between
Tellabs, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Parent"), and CIENA Corporation, a
Delaware corporation (the "Company").
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, simultaneously with the execution and delivery of this Agreement,
Parent, White Oak Merger Corp., a newly formed Delaware corporation and a direct
wholly owned subsidiary of Parent ("Sub"), and the Company are entering into an
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of the date hereof (the "Merger
Agreement"), which provides for the merger of Sub with and into the Company;
WHEREAS, as a condition to Parent's willingness to enter into the Merger
Agreement, Parent has requested that the Company grant to Parent an option to
purchase up to 20,200,000 authorized and unissued shares of Company Common
Stock, upon the terms and subject to the conditions hereof; and
WHEREAS, in order to induce Parent to enter into the Merger Agreement, the
Company has agreed to grant Parent the requested option.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants
and agreements set forth herein, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. The Option; Exercise; Adjustments. The Company hereby grants to Parent
an irrevocable option (the "Option") to purchase from time to time up to
20,200,000 authorized and unissued shares of common stock, par value $.01 per
share, of the Company (the "Company Common Stock"), upon the terms and subject
to the conditions set forth herein (the "Optioned Shares"). Subject to the
conditions set forth in Section 2(a), the Option may be exercised by Parent in
whole or from time to time in part, at any time after the date hereof and prior
to the termination of the Option in accordance with Section 19. In the event
Parent wishes to exercise the Option, Parent shall send a written notice to the
Company (the "Stock Exercise Notice") specifying the total number of Optioned
Shares it wishes to purchase and a date (not later than 20 business days and not
earlier than two business days from the date such notice is given) for the
closing of such purchase (the "Closing Date"). Parent may revoke an exercise of
the Option at any time prior to the Closing Date by written notice to the
Company. In the event of any change in Company Common Stock by reason of any
stock dividend, stock split, split-up, recapitalization, merger or other change
in the corporate or capital structure of the Company, the number and type of
Optioned Shares subject to the Option and the Exercise Price (as hereinafter
defined) per Optioned Share shall be appropriately adjusted. In the event that
any additional shares of Company Common Stock are issued after the date of this
Agreement (other than pursuant to an event described in the preceding sentence
or pursuant to this Agreement), the number of Optioned Shares subject to the
Option shall be adjusted so that, after such issuance, it equals (but does not
exceed) 19.9% of the number of shares of Company Common Stock then issued and
outstanding and 19.9% of the voting power of shares of capital stock of the
Company then issued and outstanding, after reduction, to the extent necessary to
comply with the exception to the shareholder approval requirements of NASDAQ (as
hereinafter defined), for any shares issued pursuant to the Option.
2. Conditions to Exercise of Option and Delivery of Optioned Shares. (a)
Parent's right to exercise the Option is subject to the following conditions:
(i) Neither Parent nor Sub shall have breached any of its material
obligations under the Merger Agreement;
(ii) No preliminary or permanent injunction or other order issued by
any federal or state court of competent jurisdiction in the United States
invalidating the grant or prohibiting the exercise of the Option shall be
in effect;
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<PAGE> 129
(iii) A Third Party Acquisition Event shall have occurred or the
Company shall have entered into a letter of intent, agreement in principle,
acquisition agreement or other similar agreement with respect to a Third
Party Acquisition Event; and
(iv) This Agreement and the Option shall not have terminated pursuant
to Section 19 hereof.
(b) Parent's obligation to purchase the Optioned Shares following the
exercise of the Option, and the Company's obligation to deliver the Optioned
Shares, are subject to the following conditions:
(i) No preliminary or permanent injunction or other order issued by
any federal or state court of competent jurisdiction in the United States
prohibiting the delivery of the Optioned Shares shall be in effect;
(ii) The purchase of the Optioned Shares will not violate Rule 10b-13
promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the
"Exchange Act"); and
(iii) All applicable waiting periods under the Hart-Scott-Rodino
Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the "HSR Act"), shall have
expired or been terminated.
3. Exercise Price for Optioned Shares. At any Closing Date, the Company
will deliver to Parent a certificate or certificates representing the Optioned
Shares in the denominations designated by Parent in its Stock Exercise Notice
and Parent will purchase the Optioned Shares from the Company at a price per
Optioned Share equal to $65.875 (the "Exercise Price"), payable in common stock,
par value $.01 per share, of Parent (the "Parent Common Stock"), cash or a
combination of Parent Common Stock or cash, in each case at Parent's option, as
specified in the Stock Exercise Notice. Any cash payment made by Parent to the
Company pursuant to this Agreement shall be made by wire transfer of federal
funds to a bank designated by the Company or a check payable in immediately
available funds. If Parent elects to pay the Exercise Price or a portion thereof
in Parent Common Stock, the Parent Common Stock shall be valued at the average
of the last reported sales prices of the Parent Common Stock on The Nasdaq Stock
Market ("NASDAQ") for the five trading days immediately prior to the date of the
Stock Exercise Notice. After payment of the Exercise Price for the Optioned
Shares covered by the Stock Exercise Notice, the Option shall be deemed
exercised to the extent of the Optioned Shares specified in the Stock Exercise
Notice as of the date such Stock Exercise Notice is given to the Company.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Exercise Price shall from
time to time be adjusted so that in no event shall the Aggregate Spread Value,
together with the Termination Fee, exceed $200,000,000 (it being understood
that, if the Exercise Price has been increased from time to time as a result of
this sentence, the Exercise Price shall from time to time be adjusted downward
to the extent of any decrease in the price of the Company Common Stock). "Spread
Value" with respect to an Optioned Share means the excess, if any, of (i) the
average of the last reported sales prices on NASDAQ of the Company Common Stock
during the five trading days immediately preceding the written notice of
exercise (in the case of an Optioned Share previously exercised) or the date of
determination (in the case of an Optioned Share as to which the Option has not
yet been exercised) over (ii) the Exercise Price. The Aggregate Spread Value
shall be the sum of the Spread Values of all Optioned Shares.
4. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company represents
and warrants to Parent that (a) the execution and delivery of this Agreement by
the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby
have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the
Company and this Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company
and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable
against the Company in accordance with its terms; (b) the Company has taken all
necessary corporate action to authorize and reserve the Optioned Shares for
issuance upon exercise of the Option, and the Optioned Shares, when issued and
delivered by the Company to Parent upon exercise of the Option, will be duly
authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free of preemptive
rights; (c) except as otherwise required by the HSR Act, except for routine
filings and subject to Section 7, the execution and delivery of this Agreement
by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated
hereby do not require the consent, approval or authorization of, or filing with,
any person or public authority and will not violate or conflict with the
Company's Third Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, or Amended
and Restated By-Laws, or result in the acceleration or termination of, or
constitute a default under, any indenture, license, approval, agreement,
understanding or
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<PAGE> 130
other instrument, or any statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order or other
restriction binding upon or applicable to the Company or any of its subsidiaries
or any of their respective properties or assets; (d) the Company is a
corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws
of the State of Delaware and has all requisite corporate power and authority to
execute and deliver this Agreement and to consummate the transactions
contemplated hereby; and (e) the Company has taken all appropriate actions so
that the restrictions on business combinations contained in Section 203 of the
General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as amended, will not apply
with respect to or as a result of the transactions contemplated hereby.
5. Representations and Warranties of Parent. Parent represents and warrants
to the Company that (a) the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent
and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby have been
duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of Parent and this
Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Parent and constitutes a valid
and binding agreement of Parent; and (b) Parent is acquiring the Option and, if
and when it exercises the Option, will be acquiring the Optioned Shares issuable
upon the exercise thereof for its own account and not with a view to
distribution or resale in any manner which would be in violation of the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and will not sell or
otherwise dispose of the Optioned Shares except pursuant to an effective
registration statement under the Securities Act or a valid exemption from
registration under the Securities Act.
6. The Closing. Any closing hereunder shall take place on the Closing Date
specified by Parent in its Stock Exercise Notice pursuant to Section 1 at 10:00
A.M., local time, or the first business day thereafter on which all of the
conditions in Section 2(b) are met, at the principal executive office of the
Company, or at such other time and place as the parties hereto may agree.
7. Filings Related to Optioned Shares. The Company will make such filings
with the Securities and Exchange Commission and the National Association of
Securities Dealers, Inc. as are required by the Exchange Act in connection with
the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the exercise of the Option, and
will use its best efforts to effect all necessary filings by the Company under
the HSR Act and to have the Optioned Shares approved for quotation on NASDAQ.
8. Registration Rights. (a) If the Company effects any registration or
registrations of shares of Company Common Stock under the Securities Act for its
own account or for any other stockholder of the Company at any time after the
exercise of the Option (other than a registration on Form S-4, Form S-8 or any
successor forms), it will allow Parent to participate in such registration or
registrations with respect to any or all of the Optioned Shares acquired upon
the exercise of the Option, subject to any existing priority registration rights
granted to existing holders of Company Common Stock; provided, however, that if
the managing underwriters in such offering advise the Company that, in their
written opinion, the number of Optioned Shares requested by Parent to be
included in such registration exceeds the number of shares of Company Common
Stock which can be sold in such offering, the Company may exclude from such
registration all or a portion, as may be appropriate, of the Optioned Shares
requested for inclusion by Parent.
(b) At any time after the exercise of the Option, upon the request of
Parent, the Company will promptly file and use its best efforts to cause to be
declared effective a registration statement under the Securities Act (and
applicable Blue Sky statutes) with respect to any or all of the Optioned Shares
acquired upon the exercise of the Option; provided, however, that the Company
shall not be required to have declared effective more than three registration
statements hereunder and shall be entitled to delay the effectiveness of each
such registration statement, for a period not to exceed 90 days in the
aggregate, if the commencement of such offering would, in the reasonable good
faith judgment of the Board of Directors of the Company, require premature
disclosure of any material corporate development or otherwise materially
interfere with or materially adversely affect any pending or proposed offering
of securities of the Company. In connection with any such registration requested
by Parent, the costs of such registration shall be borne by the Company;
provided, however, that if Parent is eligible to sell the Optioned Shares under
Rule 144(k) of the Securities Act, Parent shall pay the costs of such
registration. The Company and Parent each shall provide the other and any
underwriters with customary indemnification and contribution agreements.
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<PAGE> 131
9. Optional Put. Prior to the termination of the Option in accordance with
Section 19, if any event set forth in Section 2(a)(iii) has occurred and the
other conditions set forth in Section 2(a) are met, Parent shall have the right,
upon three business days' prior written notice to the Company, to require the
Company to purchase the Option from Parent (the "Put Right") at a cash purchase
price (the "Put Price") equal to the product determined by multiplying (A) the
number of Optioned Shares as to which the Option has not yet been exercised by
(B) the Spread (as defined below). As used herein, the term "Spread" shall mean
the excess, if any, of (i) the greater of (x) the highest price (in cash or fair
market value of securities or other property) per share of Company Common Stock
paid or to be paid within 12 months preceding the date of exercise of the Put
Right for any shares of Company Common Stock beneficially owned by any Person
who shall have acquired or become the beneficial owner of 20% or more of the
outstanding shares of Company Common Stock after the date hereof or (y) the
average of the last reported sales prices on NASDAQ of the Company Common Stock
during the five trading days immediately preceding the written notice of
exercise of the Put Right over (ii) the Exercise Price. Notwithstanding anything
herein to the contrary, in no event shall the aggregate Put Price, together with
the Aggregate Spread Value of any Optioned Shares previously exercised and the
amount of the Termination Fee then payable or previously paid, exceed
$200,000,000.
10. Expenses. Each party hereto shall pay its own expenses incurred in
connection with this Agreement, except as otherwise provided in Section 8 or as
specified in the Merger Agreement.
11. Specific Performance. The parties hereto agree that irreparable damage
would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement were not
performed in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached. It
is accordingly agreed that the parties shall be entitled to an injunction or
injunctions to prevent breaches of this Agreement and to enforce specifically
the terms and provisions hereof in any court of the United States or any state
thereof having jurisdiction, this being in addition to any other remedy to which
they are entitled at law or in equity.
12. Notice. All notices, requests, demands and other communications
hereunder shall be deemed to have been duly given and made if in writing and if
served by personal delivery upon the party for whom it is intended or if sent by
telex or telecopier (and also confirmed in writing) to the person at the address
set forth below, or such other address as may be designated in writing
hereafter, in the same manner, by such person:
(a) if to Parent, to
Tellabs, Inc.
4951 Indiana Avenue
Lisle, Illinois 60532
Attention: General Counsel
Facsimile No.: (630) 512-7293
with a copy to:
Sidley & Austin
One First National Plaza
Chicago, Illinois 60603
Attention: Thomas A. Cole, Esq.
Imad I. Qasim, Esq.
Facsimile No.: (312) 853-7036
(b) if to the Company, to
CIENA Corporation
1201 Winterson Road
Linthicum, Maryland 21090
Attention: General Counsel
Facsimile No.: (410) 865-8900
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<PAGE> 132
with a copy to:
Hogan & Hartson L.L.P.
111 S. Calvert Street
Baltimore, MD 21202
Attention: Michael J. Silver, Esq.
Facsimile No.: (410) 539-6981
13. Parties in Interest. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and
be binding upon the parties named herein and their respective successors and
assigns. Nothing in this Agreement, expressed or implied, is intended to confer
upon any Person other than Parent or the Company, or their permitted successors
or assigns, any rights or remedies under or by reason of this Agreement.
14. Entire Agreement; Amendments. This Agreement, together with the Merger
Agreement and the other documents referred to therein, contains the entire
agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof
and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous agreements and understandings, oral
or written, with respect to such transactions. This Agreement may not be
changed, amended or modified orally, but only by an agreement in writing signed
by the party against whom any waiver, change, amendment, modification or
discharge may be sought. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined in this
Agreement shall have the meanings set forth in the Merger Agreement.
15. Assignment. No party to this Agreement may assign any of its rights or
delegate any of its obligations under this Agreement (whether by operation of
law or otherwise) without the prior written consent of the other party hereto,
except that Parent may, without a written consent, assign its rights and
delegate its obligations hereunder in whole or in part to one or more of its
direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiaries, but no such assignment shall
relieve Parent of its obligations hereunder.
16. Headings. The section headings herein are for convenience only and
shall not affect the construction of this Agreement.
17. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of
which, when executed, shall be deemed to be an original and all of which
together shall constitute one and the same document.
18. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in
accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to the
principles of conflicts of laws thereof.
19. Termination. This Agreement and the Option shall terminate upon the
earlier of (i) the Effective Time and (ii) the termination of the Merger
Agreement in accordance with its terms; provided, however,that (w) in the case
of a termination of the Merger Agreement by Parent or the Company pursuant to
Section 7.1(e) thereof (if a Takeover Proposal existed between the date hereof
and the date of the Company Stockholder Meeting), this Agreement and the Option
shall terminate on the first anniversary of such termination of the Merger
Agreement, (x) in the case of a termination by Parent or the Company pursuant to
Section 7.1(g) of the Merger Agreement, this Agreement and the Option shall
terminate on the earlier of the first anniversary of such termination of the
Merger Agreement or the date of consummation of the Superior Proposal
contemplated thereby, (y) in the case of a termination by Parent pursuant to
Section 7.1(h)(i) of the Merger Agreement in connection with which no
Termination Fee is payable pursuant to Section 5.7(d) thereof, this Agreement
and the Option shall terminate upon such termination of the Merger Agreement and
(z) in the case of a termination by Parent pursuant to Sections 7.1(h)(i)
(except as provided in clause (y) above), (ii), (iii) or (iv) of the Merger
Agreement, this Agreement and the Option shall terminate on the first
anniversary of such termination.
20. Severability. If any term or other provision of this Agreement is
invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of law, or public
policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless
remain in full force and effect so long as the economic and legal substance of
the transactions contemplated hereby are not affected in any manner materially
adverse to any party. Upon such determination that any term or other provision
is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties shall negotiate
in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of
the parties as closely as possible in a
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mutually acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement may be consummated as originally contemplated to the fullest extent
possible.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Parent and the Company have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed and delivered on the day and year first above written.
TELLABS, INC.
By: /s/ MICHAEL J. BIRCK
------------------------------------
Name: Michael J. Birck
Title: President and Chief Executive
Officer
CIENA CORPORATION
By: /s/ PATRICK H. NETTLES
------------------------------------
Name: Patrick H. Nettles
Title: President and Chief Executive
Officer
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<PAGE> 134
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
ITEM 20. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
The Tellabs By-Laws provide, among other things, that each person who was
or is made a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is involved in any
action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or
investigative, by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director or
officer of Tellabs, or is or was serving at the request of Tellabs as a
director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of another corporation or of a
partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, shall be indemnified and
held harmless by Tellabs as provided in the Tellabs By-Laws and to the fullest
extent which it is empowered to do so by the DGCL against all expense, liability
and loss (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such
person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding, and such
indemnification shall inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors and
administrators; provided, however, that, subject to certain conditions, Tellabs
shall indemnify any such person seeking indemnification in connection with an
action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or
investigative, initiated by such person only if such action, suit or proceeding
was authorized by the Tellabs Board. The right to indemnification under the
Tellabs By-Laws is a contract right and, subject to certain conditions, includes
the right to be paid by Tellabs the expenses incurred in defending any such
action, suit or proceeding in advance of its final disposition. The Tellabs By-
Laws further provide that the indemnification and payment of expenses incurred
provided therein shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which
those seeking indemnification may be entitled.
Section 145 of the DGCL authorizes indemnification by Tellabs of directors
and officers under the circumstances provided in the provisions of the Tellabs
By-Laws described above, and requires such indemnification for expenses actually
and reasonably incurred to the extent a director or officer is successful in the
defense of any action, or any claim, issue or matter therein.
Tellabs has purchased insurance which purports to insure Tellabs against
certain costs of indemnification which may be incurred by it pursuant to the
Tellabs By-Laws and to insure the officers and directors of Tellabs, and of its
subsidiary companies, against certain liabilities incurred by them in the
discharge of their functions as such officers and directors except for
liabilities resulting from their own malfeasance.
ITEM 21. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) The following is a list of Exhibits included as part of this
Registration Statement. Tellabs agrees to furnish supplementally a copy of any
omitted schedule to the SEC upon request. Items marked with an asterisk are
filed herewith.
<TABLE>
<C> <C> <S>
2.1 -- Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of June 2, 1998 among
Tellabs, Inc., White Oak Merger Corp. and CIENA Corporation
(included as Annex A to the Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus).
2.2 -- Stock Option Agreement dated as of June 2, 1998 between
Tellabs, Inc. and CIENA Corporation (included as Annex D to
the Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus).
2.3 -- Form of Stockholder Agreement dated as of June 2, 1998
between Tellabs and certain stockholders of CIENA
Corporation is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2
to Tellabs' Schedule 13D dated June 2, 1998.
*4.1 -- Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Tellabs, Inc.,
dated June 24, 1992, as amended through the date hereof.
4.2 -- Amended and Restated By-Laws of Tellabs, Inc., as amended
January 27, 1993, is hereby incorporated by reference to
Exhibit No. 3.2 to Tellabs' Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the year ended January 1, 1993.
4.3 -- The instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term
debt securities of Tellabs and its subsidiaries are omitted
pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii)(A) of Regulation S-K.
Tellabs hereby agrees to furnish copies of these instruments
to the SEC upon request.
</TABLE>
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<PAGE> 135
<TABLE>
<C> <C> <S>
*5.1 -- Opinion of Margaret Maxwell Zagel, Vice President and
General Counsel of Tellabs Operations, Inc., as to the
legality of the securities being registered.
*8.1 -- Opinion of Sidley & Austin, as to certain United States
federal income tax consequences of the Merger.
*8.2 -- Opinion of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P., as to certain United
States federal income tax consequences of the Merger.
*23.1 -- Consent of Ernst & Young LLP
*23.2 -- Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
*23.3 -- Consent of Grant Thornton LLP
*23.4 -- Consent of Margaret Maxwell Zagel (included in Exhibit 5.1
to this Registration Statement).
*23.5 -- Consent of Sidley & Austin (included in Exhibit 8.1 to this
Registration Statement).
*23.6 -- Consent of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P. (included in Exhibit 8.2
to this Registration Statement).
*24.1 -- Powers of Attorney
*99.1 -- Form of proxy card to be mailed to holders of Tellabs Common
Stock.
*99.2 -- Form of proxy card to be mailed to holders of CIENA Common
Stock
*99.3 -- Consents of Patrick H. Nettles, Jon W. Bayless, Stephen
Bradley and Billy B. Oliver, pursuant to Rule 438 of the
Securities Act.
</TABLE>
(b) Not applicable.
(c) The opinion of Goldman, Sachs & Co. is included as Annex B to the Joint
Proxy Statement/ Prospectus. The opinion of Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated is
incorporated as Annex C to the Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus.
ITEM 22. UNDERTAKINGS.
(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes: (1) to file, during any
period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to
this registration statement:
(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the
Securities Act of 1933.
(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after
the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent
post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate,
represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the
registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or
decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar amount of
securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any
deviation from the low or high end of the estimated offering range may be
reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule
424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no
more than a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set
forth in the "Calculation of Registration Fee" table in the effective
registration statement.
(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of
distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any
material change to such information in the registration statement.
(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities
Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new
registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the
offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona
fide offering thereof.
(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any
of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the
offering.
II-2
<PAGE> 136
(b) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of
determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the
registrant's annual report pursuant to section 13(a) or section 15(d) of the
Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan's
annual report pursuant to section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is
incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a
new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the
offering of such securities at the time shall be deemed to be the initial bona
fide offering thereof.
(c) (1) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes as follows: that prior
to any public reoffering of the securities registered hereunder through use of a
prospectus which is a part of this registration statement, by any person or
party who is deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of Rule 145(c), the
issuer undertakes that such reoffering prospectus will contain the information
called for by the applicable registration form with respect to reofferings by
persons who may be deemed underwriters, in addition to the information called
for by the other items of the applicable form.
(2) The registrant undertakes that every prospectus (i) that is filed
pursuant to the paragraph immediately preceding, or (ii) that purports to meet
the requirements of section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act and is used in
connection with an offering of securities subject to Rule 415, will be filed as
a part of an amendment to the registration statement and will not be used until
such amendment is effective, and that, for purposes of determining any liability
under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be
deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered
therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be
the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(d) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities
Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of
the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the
registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification
is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore,
unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such
liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or
paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the
successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such
director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being
registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter
has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate
jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public
policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final
adjudication of such issue.
(e) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to respond to requests for
information that is incorporated by reference into the prospectus pursuant to
Items 4, 10(b), 11, or 13 of this Form S-4, within one business day of receipt
of such request, and to send the incorporated documents by first class mail or
other equally prompt means. This includes information contained in documents
filed subsequent to the effective date of the registration statement through the
date of responding to the request.
(f) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to supply by means of a
post-effective amendment all information concerning a transaction, and the
company being acquired involved therein, that was not the subject of and
included in the registration statement when it became effective.
II-3
<PAGE> 137
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the
Registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, July 20, 1998.
TELLABS, INC.
By: /s/ MICHAEL J. BIRCK
------------------------------------
Michael J. Birck
President and Chief Executive
Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in
the capacities and on the dates indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SIGNATURE CAPACITY DATE
--------- -------- ----
<S> <C> <C>
/s/ MICHAEL J. BIRCK President, Chief Executive Officer and July 20, 1998
- ------------------------------------------ Director (Principal Executive Officer)
Michael J. Birck
* Executive Vice President and Director July 20, 1998
- ------------------------------------------ (Principal Financial Officer)
Peter A. Guglielmi
* Controller (Principal Accounting Officer) July 20, 1998
- ------------------------------------------
J. Peter Johnson
* Director July 20, 1998
- ------------------------------------------
John D. Foulkes, Ph.D.
* Director July 20, 1998
- ------------------------------------------
Brian J. Jackman
* Director July 20, 1998
- ------------------------------------------
Frederick A. Krehbiel
* Director July 20, 1998
- ------------------------------------------
Stephanie Pace Marshall, Ph.D.
* Director July 20, 1998
- ------------------------------------------
William F. Souders
* Director July 20, 1998
- ------------------------------------------
Jan H. Suwinski
*By: /s/ MICHAEL J. BIRCK
-------------------------------------
Michael J. Birck
As Attorney-in-Fact
</TABLE>
II-4
<PAGE> 138
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
<TABLE>
<C> <S>
2.1 Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of June 2, 1998 among
Tellabs, Inc., White Oak Merger Corp. and CIENA Corporation
(included as Annex A to the Joint Proxy
Statement/Prospectus).
2.2 Stock Option Agreement dated as of June 2, 1998 between
Tellabs, Inc. and CIENA Corporation (included as Annex D to
the Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus).
2.3 Form of Stockholder Agreement dated as of June 2, 1998
between Tellabs and certain stockholders of CIENA
Corporation is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2
to Tellabs' Schedule 13D dated June 2, 1998.
*4.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Tellabs, Inc.,
dated June 24, 1992, as amended through the date hereof.
4.2 Amended and Restated By-Laws of Tellabs, Inc., as amended
January 27, 1993, is hereby incorporated by reference to
Exhibit No. 3.2 to Tellabs' Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the year ended January 1, 1993.
4.3 The instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term
debt securities of Tellabs and its subsidiaries are omitted
pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii)(A) of Regulation S-K.
Tellabs hereby agrees to furnish copies of these instruments
to the SEC upon request.
*5.1 Opinion of Margaret Maxwell Zagel, Vice President and
General Counsel of Tellabs Operations, Inc., as to the
legality of the securities being registered.
*8.1 Opinion of Sidley & Austin, as to certain United States
federal income tax consequences of the Merger.
*8.2 Opinion of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P., as to certain United
States federal income tax consequences of the Merger.
*23.1 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP.
*23.2 Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
*23.3 Consent of Grant Thornton LLP.
*23.4 Consent of Margaret Maxwell Zagel (included in Exhibit 5.1
to this Registration Statement).
*23.5 Consent of Sidley & Austin (included in Exhibit 8.1 to this
Registration Statement).
*23.6 Consent of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P. (included in Exhibit 8.2
to this Registration Statement).
*24.1 Powers of Attorney.
*99.1 Form of proxy card to be mailed to holders of Tellabs Common
Stock.
*99.2 Form of proxy card to be mailed to holders of CIENA Common
Stock.
*99.3 Consents of Patrick H. Nettles, Jon W. Bayless, Stephen
Bradley and Billy B. Oliver, pursuant to Rule 438 of the
Securities Act.
</TABLE>
II-5
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 4.1
RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF
TELLABS, INC.
The present name of the corporation is Tellabs, Inc. The original
Certificate of Incorporation was filed with the Secretary of State on February
10, 1992 under the name of Tellabs, Inc. The within Restated Certificate of
Incorporation was duly adopted by the Board of Directors and the sole
stockholder of Tellabs, Inc. (the "Corporation") in accordance with the
provisions of Sections 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law of the State
of Delaware.
This Restated Certificate of Incorporation restates and further amends
the Certificate of Incorporation of this Corporation.
FIRST: The name of the corporation is:
TELLABS, INC.
SECOND: The address of the Corporation's registered office in the State
of Delaware is 32 Loockerman Square, Suite L-100 in the City of Dover, 19901,
County of Kent. The name of its registered agent at such address is The
Prentice-Hall Corporation System, Inc.
THIRD: The nature of business to be conducted or promoted and the
purpose of the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which
corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware ("Delaware General Corporation Law").
FOURTH: Authorized Capital Stock
1. Authorized Capital Stock. The aggregate number of shares of stock
which the Corporation has authority to issue is 35,000,000 shares,
of which 30,000,000 shall be shares of common stock, $.01 par
value per share (hereinafter "Common Stock"), and of which
5,000,000 shares shall be shares of preferred stock, $0.1 par
value per share (hereinafter "Preferred Stock").
The respective preferences, limitations, designations and relative
rights of the Preferred Stock and the Common Stock are as follows:
2. Terms Applicable to the Preferred Stock
a. General. The shares of Preferred Stock may be issued from time to
time in one or more series, each of which shall have a distinctive
serial designation. The Board of Directors is hereby authorized to
specify from time to time the number of shares of any series, and
fix or alter by resolution or resolutions the voting powers,
designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or
other special rights, and qualifications, limitations or
restrictions of such Preferred Stock, including, but not limited
to:
(i) the number of shares constituting that series and the
distinctive designation of that series;
(ii) the dividend rate, if any, on the shares of that
series, whether dividends shall be cumulative, and,
if so, from which date or dates, and the relative
rights of priority, if any, of payment of dividends
on shares of that series;
(iii) whether that series shall have voting rights, in
addition to the voting right provided by law, and, if
so, the terms and conditions of such voting rights;
(iv) whether that series shall have conversion privileges,
and, if so, the terms and conditions of such
conversion, including provision for adjustment of the
conversion rate in such events as the Board of
Directors shall determine;
<PAGE> 2
(v) whether or not the shares of that series shall be
redeemable, and, if so, the terms and conditions of
such redemption, including the date or dates upon or
after which they shall be redeemable, and the amount
per share payable in case of redemption, which amount
may vary under different conditions and at different
redemption dates;
(vi) whether that series shall have a sinking fund for the
redemption or purchase of shares of that series, and,
if so, the terms and amount of such sinking fund;
(vii) the rights of the shares of that series in the event
of voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution
or winding up of the corporation, and the relative
rights of priority, if any, or payment of shares of
that series; and
(viii) any other relative rights, preferences and
limitations of that series.
b. Redemption. Shares of any series of Preferred Stock which may
have been redeemed (whether through the operation of a sinking
fund or otherwise) or which, if convertible or exchangeable,
have been converted into or exchanged for shares of stock of
any other series, shall have the status of authorized and
unissued shares, without designation as to series until such
shares of Preferred Stock are once more designated as part of
a particular series by the Board of Directors of the
Corporation.
3. Terms Applicable to the Common Stock.
a. Voting Rights. Except as otherwise required by law or this
Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the holders of Common
Stock shall be entitled to one vote per share of Common Stock
standing in such holder's name on the books of the Corporation
as to all matters to be voted on by the Corporation's
stockholders.
b. Dividends. Subject to the prior rights and preferences of the
holders of Preferred Stock, if any, the holders of Common
Stock shall be entitled to dividends, whether payable in cash,
property or securities of the Corporation, when and as
declared by the Board of Directors of the Corporation out of
any assets of the Corporation legally available for such
dividends at such time or times as the Board of Directors may
determine.
c. Liquidation. Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up
of the affairs of the Corporation, whether voluntary or
involuntary, the holders of Common Stock shall be entitled to
receive, out of the assets of the Corporation, if any,
remaining after payment in full to the holders of Preferred
Stock of the preferential amounts, if any, to which they are
entitled, ratably the distribution of the remaining assets of
the Corporation. Neither the consolidation nor merger of the
Corporation into or with any other corporation or
corporations, nor the sale or transfer by the Corporation of
all or any part of its assets, nor the reduction of the
capital stock of the Corporation, shall be deemed to be a
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation
within the meaning of this paragraph (c).
4. No Preemptive Rights. No holder of shares of stock of the
Corporation shall, by reason of such holding, have any preemptive
right to purchase, subscribe for or otherwise acquire shares of
any class of stock of the Corporation or any security convertible
into, or any warrant, option or right to purchase, or to subscribe
for or otherwise acquire shares of stock of the Corporation,
whether now or hereafter authorized, and whether issued for cash
or other consideration, or by way of dividend.
FIFTH: In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by
statute, the Board of Directors is expressly authorized to make, alter or repeal
the By-laws of the Corporation. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this
Restated Certificate of Incorporation or the By-laws of the Corporation (and
notwithstanding the fact that a lesser percentage may be specified by law, this
Restated Certificate of Incorporation or the By-laws of the Corporation), the
affirmative vote of the holders of 75% or more of the voting power of the then
outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote
generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class, shall
be required for the stockholders to alter or repeal the By-laws of the
Corporation.
<PAGE> 3
SIXTH: Board of Directors; Meetings and Actions of Stockholders
1. Number, Election and Terms of Directors. The number of
directors of the Corporation shall be fixed from time to time
by or pursuant to the By-laws. No decrease in the number of
directors constituting the Board of Directors shall shorten
the term of any incumbent director. The directors shall be
classified with respect to the time for which they severally
hold office, into three classes, as nearly equal in number as
possible, as shall be provided in the manner specified in the
By-laws, one class to hold office initially for a term
expiring at the 1993 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, another
class to hold office initially for a term expiring at the 1994
Annual Meeting of Stockholders and another class to hold
office initially for a term expiring at the 1995 Annual
Meeting of Stockholders, with the members of each class to
hold office until their successors have been duly elected and
qualified. At each Annual Meeting of Stockholders, the
successors to the class of directors whose term expires at
that meeting shall be elected to hold office for a term
expiring at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held in the
third year following the year of their election and until
their successors have been duly elected and qualified.
2. Stockholder Nomination of Director Candidates. Advance notice
of nomination for the election of directors, other than by the
Board of Directors or a duly authorized committee thereof or
any authorized officer of the Corporation to whom the Board of
Directors or such committee shall have delegated such
authority, and information concerning nominees, shall be given
in the manner provided in the By-laws.
3. Newly Created Directorships and Vacancies. Newly created
directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized
number of directors and any vacancies on the Board of
Directors resulting from death, resignation, retirement,
disqualification, removal from office or other cause shall be
filled by a majority vote of the directors then in office, and
directors so chosen shall hold office for a term expiring at
the next Annual Meeting of Stockholders at which the term of
the class to which they have been elected expires.
4. Removal. Any director or directors may be removed from office
at any time, but only for cause and only by the affirmative
vote of (i) the holders of at least 75% of the voting power of
the then outstanding shares of capital stock of the
Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of
directors, voting together as a single class, or (ii) a
majority of the Board of Directors.
5. Special Meetings of Stockholders. Special meetings of
stockholders of the Corporation may be called only in the
manner provided in the By-laws.
6. Action of Stockholders. Any action required or permitted to
be taken by the holders of Common Stock of the Corporation
must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of
such holders and may not be effected by any consent in writing
by such holders. Whenever the vote of holders of shares of any
class or series other than Common Stock at a meeting thereof
is required or permitted to be taken for or in connection with
any corporate action by any provision of the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, or of this Restated
Certificate or Incorporation or of the By-laws authorized or
permitted by said law, the meeting and vote of such holders
may be dispensed with if such action is taken with the written
consent of such holders having a majority of the total number
of votes which might have been cast for or in connection with
the proposed corporate action if a meeting were held; provided
that in no case shall the written consent by such holders be
by holders having less than the minimum percentage of the vote
required by statute for such action, and provided that prompt
notice is given to all such holders of the taking of corporate
action without a meeting and by less than unanimous written
consent.
7. Amendment, Repeal, Etc. Notwithstanding any other provisions
of this Restated Certificate of Incorporation or the By-laws
of the Corporation (and notwithstanding the fact that a lesser
percentage may be specified by law, this Restated Certificate
of Incorporation or the By-laws of the Corporation), the
affirmative vote of the holders of 75% or more of the voting
power of the then outstanding shares of capital stock of the
Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of
directors, voting together as a single class, shall be
required to amend or repeal, or adopt any provision
inconsistent with, Article FIFTH hereof or Parts 1 through 7
of this Article SIXTH.
<PAGE> 4
SEVENTH: The Corporation shall indemnify, to the full extent that it
shall have power under applicable law to do so and in a manner permitted by such
law, any person made or threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending
or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative
or investigative, by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director or
officer of the Corporation against liabilities and expenses reasonably incurred
or paid by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding, and
shall advance to such person expenses incurred with respect to defending any
such action, suit or proceeding. The Corporation may indemnify, to the full
extent that it shall have power under applicable law to do so and in a manner
permitted by such law, any person made or threatened to be made a party to any
threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil,
criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he or she
is or was an employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the
request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another
corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against
liabilities and expenses reasonably incurred or paid by such person in
connection with such action, suit or proceeding, and may advance to such person
expenses incurred with respect to defending any such action, suit or proceeding.
The words "liabilities" and "expenses" shall include, without limitation:
liabilities, losses, damages, judgments, fines, penalties, amounts paid in
settlement, expenses, attorneys' fees and costs. The indemnification and
advancement of expenses provided by or granted pursuant to this Article SEVENTH
shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which any person
indemnified or being advanced expenses may be entitled under any statute,
By-law, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise,
both as to action in his or her official capacity and as to action in another
capacity while holding such office, and shall continue as to a person who has
ceased to be such director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the
benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such person.
The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any
person referred to in the preceding paragraph against any liability asserted
against him or her and incurred by him or her in any such capacity, or arising
out of his or her status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the
power to indemnify him or her against such liability under the provisions of
this Article SEVENTH or otherwise.
For purposes of this Article SEVENTH, references to "the Corporation"
shall include, in addition to the resulting corporation, any constituent
corporation (including any constituent of a constituent") absorbed in a
consolidation or merger which, if its separate existence had continued, would
have had power and authority to indemnify its directors, officers and employees
or agents, so that any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or
agent of such constituent corporation, or was serving at the request of such
constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another
corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, shall stand
in the same position under the provisions of this Article SEVENTH with respect
to the resulting or surviving corporation as he or she would have with respect
to such constituent corporation if its separate existence had continued.
The provisions of this Article SEVENTH shall be deemed to be a contract
between the Corporation and each director or officer who serves in any such
capacity at any time while this Article SEVENTH and the relevant provisions of
the Delaware General Corporation Law or other applicable law, if any, are in
effect, and any repeal or modification of such law or of this Article SEVENTH
shall not affect any rights or obligations then existing or any action, suit or
proceeding theretofore or thereafter brought or threatened based in whole or in
part upon any such state of facts.
For purposes of this Article SEVENTH, references to "other enterprises"
shall include employee benefit plans; references to "fines" shall include any
excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan; and
references to "serving at the request of the Corporation" shall include any
service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation which
imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer, employee, or
agent with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants, or
beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner he or she
reasonably believed to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries
of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner not
opposed to the best interests of the Corporation.
EIGHTH: The Board of Directors of the Corporation, when evaluating any
offer of another person to (a) make a tender or exchange offer for any equity
security of the Corporation, (b) merge or consolidate the Corporation with
another corporation, or (c) purchase or otherwise acquire all or substantially
all of the properties and assets of the Corporation, may in connection with the
exercise of its judgment in determining what is the best interests of the
Corporation and its stockholders, give due consideration to all relevant
factors, including without limitation the social and economic effects on the
employees, customers, suppliers and other constituencies of the Corporation and
its subsidiaries and on the communities in which the Corporation and its
subsidiaries operate or are located.
<PAGE> 5
NINTH: The Corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change or
repeal any provisions contained in this Restated Certificate of Incorporation,
in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by statute, and all rights conferred
upon stockholders herein are granted subject to this reservation.
TENTH: No director of the Corporation shall be personally liable to
the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary
duty as a director, except for liability: (A) for any breach of the director's
duty of loyalty to the Corporation or its stockholders; (B) for acts or
omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing
violation of law; (C) under Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law,
or (D) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal
benefit. If the Delaware General Corporation Law is hereafter amended to
authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting personal liability of
directors, then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be
eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by such law, as so
amended. Any repeal or modification of this Article TENTH by the stockholders of
the Corporation shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director
of the Corporation existing at the time of such repeal or modification.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Tellabs, Inc. has caused this Restated Certificate
of Incorporation to be signed by its President and attested by its Secretary
this 24th day of June, 1992.
TELLABS, INC.
By: /s/ Michael J. Birck
-------------------------------------
Michael J. Birck, President
ATTEST:
/s/ Peter A. Guglielmi
--------------------------------------
Peter A. Guglielmi, Secretary
<PAGE> 6
CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION
OF
TELLABS, INC.
It is hereby certified that:
1. The name of the Corporation (hereinafter called the "Corporation")
is Tellabs, Inc.
2. The Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the corporation,
which was filed by the Secretary of State of Delaware on June 24,
1992, is hereby corrected.
3. The inaccuracy to be corrected in said instrument is as follows:
FOURTH: Authorized Capital Stock
1. Authorized Capital Stock. The aggregate number of shares of
stock which the Corporation has authority to issue is 35,000,000
shares, of which 30,000,000 shall be shares of common stock, $.01
par value per share (hereinafter "Common Stock"), and of which
5,000,00 shares shall be shares of preferred stock, $0.1 par value
per share (hereinafter "Preferred Stock").
4. The portion of the instrument in corrected form is as follows:
FOURTH: Authorized Capital Stock
1. Authorized Capital Stock. The aggregate number of shares of
stock which the Corporation has authority to issue is 35,000,000
shares, of which 30,000,000 shall be shares of common stock, $.01
par value per share (hereinafter "Common Stock"), and of which
5,000,000 shares shall be shares of preferred stock, $.01 par
value per share (hereinafter "Preferred Stock").
IN WITNESS WHEREOF; The Corporation has caused this Certificate of
Correction to be signed by J. Peter Johnson, its Vice President, and attested to
by Carol Coghlan Gavin, its Assistant Secretary, this 23rd day of March, 1993.
TELLABS, INC.
By: /s/ J. Peter Johnson
-----------------------------
J. Peter Johnson
Vice President
ATTEST:
By: /s/ Carol Coghlan Gavin
----------------------------
Carol Coghlan Gavin
Assistant Secretary
<PAGE> 7
CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT
OF
RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF
TELLABS, INC.
-------------------------
Adopted in accordance with the provisions
of Section 242 of the General Corporation
Law of the State of Delaware
--------------------------
We, Michael J. Birck, President and Carol Coghlan Gavin, Secretary of
Tellabs, Inc., a corporation existing under the laws of the State of Delaware
(the "Corporation'), do hereby certify on behalf of the Corporation as follows:
FIRST: That the name of the Corporation is Tellabs, Inc.
SECOND: That the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the
Corporation was filed by the Secretary of State of Delaware on June 24, 1992,
and a Certificate of Correction thereto was filed by the Secretary of State of
Delaware on March 24, 1993.
THIRD: That the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of said
Corporation has been amended as follows:
The first paragraph of Article Fourth of the Restated Certificate
of Incorporation is amended to read as follows:
1. Authorized Capital Stock. The aggregate number of shares of
stock which the Corporation has authority to issue is
105,000,000 shares, of which 100,000,000 shall be shares of
common stock, $.01 par value per share (hereinafter "Common
Stock"), and of which 5,000,000 shares shall be shares of
preferred stock, $.01 par value per share (hereinafter
"Preferred Stock").
<PAGE> 8
FOURTH: That the aforesaid amendment has been duly adopted in
accordance with the provisions of Section 242 of the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware by the affirmative vote of the
holders of a majority of all outstanding stock entitled to vote at the
annual meeting of stockholders on April 21, 1994, which meeting was
called and held upon notice in accordance with Section 222 of said Law.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, we have signed this Certificate of Amendment this
21st day of April, 1994.
TELLABS, INC.
By: /s/ Michael J. Birck
------------------------------
Michael J. Birck
President
Attest:
/s/ Carol Coghlan Gavin
------------------------------
Carol Coghlan Gavin
Secretary
<PAGE> 9
CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT
TO RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF
TELLABS, INC.
-------------------------------------
Adopted in accordance with the provisions
Of Section 242 of the General Corporation
Law of the State of Delaware
-------------------------------------
We, Michael J. Birck, President and Carol Coghlan Gavin, Secretary of
Tellabs, Inc., a corporation existing under the laws of the State of Delaware
(the "Corporation"), do hereby certify on behalf of the Corporation as follows:
FIRST: That the name of the Corporation is Tellabs, Inc.
SECOND: That the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the
Corporation was filed by the Secretary of State of Delaware on June 24, 1992, a
Certificate of Correction thereto was filed by the Secretary of State of
Delaware on March 24, 1993 and a Certificate of Amendment thereto was filed by
the Secretary of State of Delaware on April 21, 1994.
THIRD: That the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of said
Corporation has been amended as follows:
The first paragraph of Article Fourth of the Restated Certificate of
Incorporation is amended to read as follows:
1. Authorized Capital Stock. The aggregate number of shares of stock
which the Corporation has authority to issue is 205,000,000
shares, of which 200,000,000 shall be shares of common stock, $.01
par value per share (hereinafter "Common Stock"), and of which
5,000,000 shares shall be shares of preferred stock, $.01 par
value per share (hereinafter "Preferred Stock").
<PAGE> 10
FOURTH: That the aforesaid amendment has been duly adopted in
accordance with the provisions of Section 242 of the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware by the affirmative vote of the
holders of a majority of all outstanding stock entitled to vote at the
annual meeting of stockholders on April 25, 1995, which meeting was
called and held upon notice in accordance with Section 222 of said law.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, we have signed this Certificate of Amendment
this 25th day of April, 1995.
TELLABS, INC.
By: /s/ Michael J. Birck
------------------------------------
Michael J. Birck, President
Attest:
/s/ Carol Coghlan Gavin
---------------------------------
Carol Coghlan Gavin, Secretary
<PAGE> 11
CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT
TO RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF TELLABS, INC.
Adopted in accordance with the provisions
of Section 242 of the General Corporation
Law of the State of Delaware
We, Michael J. Birck, President and Carol Coghlan Gavin, Secretary of
Tellabs, Inc., a corporation existing under the laws of the State of Delaware
(the "Corporation"), do hereby certify on behalf of the Corporation as follows:
FIRST: That the name of the Corporation is Tellabs, Inc.
SECOND: That the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation
was filed by the Secretary of State of Delaware on June 24, 1992, a Certificate
of Correction thereto was filed by the Secretary of State of Delaware on March
24, 1993, a Certificate of Amendment thereto was filed by the Secretary of State
of Delaware on April 21, 1994, and a Certificate of Amendment thereto was filed
by the Secretary of State of Delaware on May 3, 1995.
THIRD: That the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of said
Corporation has been amended as follows:
The first paragraph of Article Fourth of the Restated Certificate
of Incorporation is amended to read as follows:
1. Authorized Capital Stock. The aggregate number of shares of
stock which the Corporation has authority to issue is 505,000,000 shares, of
which 500,000,000 shall be shares of common stock, $.01 par value per share
(hereinafter "Common Stock"), and of which 5,000,000 shares shall be shares of
preferred stock, $.01 par value per share (hereinafter "Preferred Stock").
FOURTH: That the aforesaid amendment has been duly adopted in accordance
with the provisions of Section 242 of the General Corporation Law of the State
of Delaware by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of all
outstanding stock entitled to vote at the annual meeting of stockholders on
April 16, 1997, which meeting was called and held upon notice in accordance with
Section 222 of said Law.
<PAGE> 12
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, we have signed this Certificate of Amendment this 16th
day of April, 1997.
TELLABS, INC.
By:/s/ Michael J. Birck
-----------------------------
Michael J. Birck, President
Attest:
By:/s/ Carol Coghlan Gavin
------------------------------
Carol Coghlan Gavin
Secretary
<PAGE> 1
Exhibit 5.1
[Tellabs, Inc. Letterhead]
July 20, 1998
Securities and Exchange Commission
450 Fifth Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20549
Re: 110,868,446 Shares of Common Stock,
$.01 par value per share, of Tellabs, Inc.
Ladies and Gentlemen:
I am Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of Tellabs
Operations, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), and, in such capacity,
I am familiar with the proceedings to date in connection with the preparation
and filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act
of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), of the Company's registration
statement on Form S-4 (the "Registration Statement") relating to the
registration of 110,868,446 shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value per share, of
the Company (the "New Shares") pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan
of Merger dated as of June 2, 1998 among the Company, White Oak Merger Corp., a
Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company ("Sub"), and
CIENA Corporation, a Delaware corporation ("CIENA"), which provides for the
merger (the "Merger") of Sub with and into CIENA, with CIENA surviving as a
wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.
Based on the foregoing, I am of the opinion that:
1. The Company is duly incorporated and validly existing under
the laws of the State of Delaware.
2. The New Shares will be legally issued, fully paid and
non-assessable when (i) the Registration Statement, as finally amended, shall
have become effective under the Securities Act and (ii) the Merger shall have
become effective under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.
<PAGE> 2
The foregoing opinions are limited to the federal laws of the
United States of America and the General Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware. I express no opinion as to the application of the securities or blue
sky laws of the various states to the sale of the New Shares.
I hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an Exhibit to
the Registration Statement and to all references to my name included in or made
a part of the Registration Statement.
Very truly yours,
/s/ MARGARET MAXWELL ZAGEL
-------------------------------
Margaret Maxwell Zagel
<PAGE> 1
[SIDLEY & AUSTIN LETTERHEAD]
EXHIBIT 8.1
July 21, 1998
Tellabs, Inc.
4951 Indiana Avenue
Lisle, Illinois 60532
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We refer to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of June
2, 1998 (the "Agreement") among Tellabs, Inc., a Delaware corporation
("Parent"), White Oak Merger Corp., a Delaware corporation and a direct wholly
owned subsidiary of Parent ("Sub"), and CIENA Corporation, a Delaware
corporation (the "Company"), which provides for the merger (the "Merger") of Sub
with and into the Company on the terms and conditions therein set forth, the
time at which the Merger becomes effective being hereinafter referred to as the
"Effective Time." Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the
meanings specified in the Agreement.
As provided in the Agreement, at the Effective Time, by reason
of the Merger: (i) each issued and outstanding share of common stock, par value
$.01 per share, of Sub shall be converted into one validly issued, fully paid
and nonassessable share of common stock of the Surviving Corporation; (ii) all
shares of Company Common Stock, together with associated Rights, that are held
in the treasury of the Company or by any wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company
and any shares of Company Common Stock, together with the associated Rights,
owned by Parent shall be cancelled and no capital stock of Parent or other
consideration shall be delivered in exchange therefor; and (iii) each share of
Company Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective
Time (other than shares to be cancelled as described above), together with the
associated Rights, shall be converted into one validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable share of Parent Common Stock. The Rights shall cease to be
exercisable immediately prior to the Effective Time and shall not have
previously been redeemed or become nonredeemable, exercisable, distributed or
triggered. All such shares of Company Common Stock and the associated Rights,
when so converted, shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be
cancelled and retired and each holder of a certificate representing any such
shares shall cease to have any rights with respect thereto, except the right to
receive certain
<PAGE> 2
[SIDLEY & AUSTIN LETTERHEAD]
Tellabs, Inc.
July 21, 1998
Page 2
dividends and other distributions, certificates representing the shares of
Parent Common Stock into which such shares are converted and any cash, without
interest, in lieu of fractional shares to be issued or paid in consideration
therefor upon the surrender of such certificate.
The Merger and the Agreement are more fully described in the
Parent's Registration Statement on Form S-4 (the "Registration Statement")
relating to the registration of shares of Parent Common Stock to which this
opinion is an exhibit, which is being filed by Parent with the Securities and
Exchange Commission pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The
Registration Statement includes the Proxy Statement/Prospectus (the
"Prospectus") of Parent and the Company.
In rendering the opinions expressed below, we have relied upon
the accuracy of the facts, information and representations and the completeness
of the covenants contained in the Agreement, the Prospectus and such other
documents as we have deemed relevant and necessary (including, without
limitation, those described above). Such opinions are conditioned, among other
things, not only upon such accuracy and completeness as of the date hereof, but
also the continuing accuracy and completeness thereof as of the Effective Time.
Moreover, we have assumed the absence of any change to any of such instruments
between the date hereof and the Effective Time.
We have assumed the authenticity of all documents submitted to
us as originals, the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity of all
natural persons and the conformity with original documents of all copies
submitted to us for our examination. We have further assumed that: (i) the
transactions related to the Merger or contemplated by the Agreement will be
consummated (A) in accordance with the Agreement and (B) as described in the
Prospectus; (ii) the Merger will qualify as a statutory merger under the laws of
the State of Delaware; and (iii) as of the date hereof, and as of the Effective
Time (as if made as of the Effective Time), the written statements made by
executives of Parent and the Company contained in the Parent Tax Certificate and
the Company Tax Certificate, respectively, each dated on or about the date
hereof, will be accurate in all respects.
In rendering the opinions expressed below, we have considered
the applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
"Code"), Regulations promulgated thereunder by the United States Treasury
Department (the "Regulations"), pertinent judicial authorities, rulings of the
Internal Revenue Service and such other authorities as we have considered
relevant. It should be noted that the Code, the Regulations and such judicial
decisions, administrative interpretations and other authorities are subject to
change at any time and, in some circumstances, with retroactive effect; and any
such change could affect the opinions stated herein. Furthermore, the opinions
expressed below might not be applicable to Company stockholders who, for federal
income tax purposes, are nonresident alien individuals, foreign corporations,
foreign partnerships, foreign trusts or foreign estates, or who acquired their
<PAGE> 3
[SIDLEY & AUSTIN LETTERHEAD]
Tellabs, Inc.
July 21, 1998
Page 3
Company Common Stock pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options or
otherwise as compensation.
Based upon and subject to the foregoing, it is our opinion, as
counsel for Parent, that for federal income tax purposes:
(i) the Merger will constitute a "reorganization"
within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code, and the Company, Sub
and Parent will each be a party to that reorganization within the
meaning of Section 368(b) of the Code;
(ii) no gain or loss will be recognized by Parent,
Sub or the Company as a result of the Merger;
(iii) no gain or loss will be recognized by the
stockholders of the Company upon the conversion of their Company Common
Stock into shares of Parent Common Stock pursuant to the Merger, except
with respect to cash, if any, received in lieu of fractional shares of
Parent Common Stock;
(iv) the aggregate tax basis of the shares of
Parent Common Stock received in exchange for Company Common Stock
pursuant to the Merger (including a fractional share of Parent Common
Stock for which cash is received) will be the same as the aggregate tax
basis of such shares of Company Common Stock;
(v) the holding period for shares of Parent Common
Stock received in exchange for shares of Company Common Stock pursuant
to the Merger will include the holder's holding period for such shares
of Company Common Stock, provided such shares of Company Common Stock
were held as capital assets by the holder at the Effective Time; and
(vi) a stockholder of the Company who receives cash
in lieu of a fractional share of Parent Common Stock will recognize
gain or loss equal to the difference, if any, between such
stockholder's basis in the fractional share (determined under clause
(iv) above) and the amount of cash received.
Except as expressly set forth in paragraphs (i) through (vi),
inclusive, you have not requested, and we do not herein express, any opinion
concerning the tax consequences of, or any other matters related to, the Merger.
We assume no obligation to update or supplement this letter to
reflect any facts or circumstances which may hereafter come to our attention
with respect to the opinions expressed above, including any changes in
applicable law which may hereafter occur.
<PAGE> 4
[SIDLEY & AUSTIN LETTERHEAD]
Tellabs, Inc.
July 21, 1998
Page 4
This opinion is provided to you only, and without our prior
consent, may not be relied upon, used, circulated, quoted or otherwise referred
to in any manner by any person, firm, governmental authority or entity
whatsoever other than reliance thereon by you. Notwithstanding the prior
sentence, we hereby consent to the filing of this letter as an exhibit to the
Registration Statement and to all references to our firm included in or made
part of the Registration Statement.
Very truly yours,
SIDLEY & AUSTIN
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 8.2
[HOGAN & HARTSON L.L.P. LETTERHEAD]
July 21, 1998
Board of Directors
CIENA Corporation
920 Elkridge Landing Road
Linthicum, Maryland 21090
Gentlemen:
You have requested that we render to you our opinion with
respect to certain Federal income tax consequences of the proposed transaction
in which White Oak Merger Corp. (the "Sub"), a Delaware Corporation, wholly
owned by Tellabs, Inc. ("Parent"), a Delaware corporation, will be merged with
and into CIENA Corporation (the "Company"), a Delaware corporation.
In connection with the preparation of this opinion, we have
examined and relied upon the following documents (including all exhibits and
schedules thereto): (1) the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of June 2,
1998, by and among Parent, Sub, and the Company (the "Agreement"); (2)
representations and certifications made to us by Parent and Sub; (3)
representations and certifications made to us by the Company; (4) the Proxy
Statement/Prospectus of Parent and the Company (the "Prospectus"); and (5) such
other instruments and documents related to the formation, organization and
operation of Parent, Sub and the Company or to the consummation of the Merger
and the transactions contemplated thereby as we have deemed necessary or
appropriate. 1/
The Merger and the Agreement are more fully described in
Parent's Registration Statement on Form S-4 relating to the registration of
shares of Parent Common Stock to which this opinion is an exhibit, which is
being filed by Parent with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Registration Statement includes the
Prospectus.
- --------------
1/ All capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the
same meaning as they have in the Agreement. All section references, unless
otherwise indicated, are to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
"Code").
<PAGE> 2
CIENA Corporation
July 21, 1998
Page 2
The Proposed Transaction
Based solely upon our review of the documents set forth above,
and upon such information as Parent, Sub and the Company have provided to us
(which we have not attempted to verify in any respect), and in reliance upon
such documents and information, we understand that the proposed transaction and
the relevant facts with respect thereto are as follows:
Parent is a Delaware corporation that designs, manufactures,
markets and services voice and data transport and network access systems. Sub, a
Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent, was organized solely
for the purpose of accomplishing the merger described below.
The Company is a Delaware corporation that designs,
manufactures and sells dense wavelength division multiplexing systems for
fiberoptic communications networks.
Because it is believed that the businesses of Parent and the
Company would be complementary, it is proposed that pursuant to the Agreement
and the laws of the State of Delaware, Sub merge with and Company (the
"Merger"). Sub's separate corporate existence will cease and Company will be the
Surviving Corporation. As the surviving corporation, Company will succeed to all
of the assets and liabilities of Sub under Delaware corporate law.
By virtue of the Merger: (i) each issued and outstanding share
of common stock, par value $.01 per share of Sub, will be converted into one
validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable share of common stock of the
Surviving Corporation; (ii) all shares of Company Common Stock, together with
associated Rights, that are held in the treasury of the Company or by any wholly
owned Subsidiary of the Company and any shares of Company Common Stock, together
with the associated Rights, owned by Parent will be canceled and no capital
stock of Parent or other consideration will be delivered in exchange therefor;
(iii) each share of Company Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately
prior to the Effective Time (other than shares to be canceled as described
above), together with the associated Rights, will be converted into one validly
issued, fully paid, nonassessable share of Parent Common Stock. All such shares
of Company Common Stock and the associated Rights, when so converted, will no
longer be outstanding and will automatically be canceled and retired and each
holder of a certificate representing any such shares will cease to have any
rights with respect thereto, except the right to receive certain dividends and
other distributions, certificates representing the shares of Parent Common Stock
into which such shares are converted and any cash, without interest, in lieu of
fractional shares to be issued or paid in consideration therefor upon the
surrender of such certificate.
<PAGE> 3
CIENA Corporation
July 21, 1998
Page 3
Assumptions and Representations
In connection with rendering this opinion, we have assumed or
obtained representations (and are relying thereon, without any independent
investigation or review thereof) that:
1. All information contained in each of the documents we
have examined and relied upon in connection with the preparation of this opinion
is accurate and complete in all respects and that all copies are accurate and
that all signatures thereof are genuine. In this regard, our opinion is
conditioned not only upon such accuracy and completeness, as of the date hereof,
but also the continuing accuracy and completeness thereof as of the Effective
Time. Moreover, we have assumed the absence of any change to any such
instruments between the date hereof and the Effective Time. We have also assumed
that there has been (or will be by the Effective Time) due execution and
delivery of all documents where due execution and delivery are prerequisites to
effectiveness thereof.
2. All representations made in the exhibits hereto are
true, correct, and complete in all material respects. Any representation or
statement made "to the best of knowledge" or similarly qualified is correct
without such qualification.
3. The merger of Sub with and into Company qualifies as a
statutory merger under applicable Delaware law.
Opinion - Federal Income Tax Consequences
Based upon and subject to the assumptions and qualifications
set forth herein, it is our opinion that for Federal income tax purposes the
following will result:
(i) The Merger will constitute a reorganization within the
meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code and the Company, Sub and Parent will each
be a party to that reorganization within the meaning of section 368(b) of the
Code.
(ii) No gain or loss will be recognized by Parent, Sub or
the Company as a result of the Merger.
(iii) No gain or loss will be recognized by the stockholders
of the Company upon the conversion of their shares of Company Common Stock into
shares of Parent Common Stock pursuant to the Merger, except with respect to
cash, if any, received in lieu of fractional shares of Parent Common Stock.
(iv) The aggregate tax basis of the shares of Parent Common
Stock received in exchange for shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to the
Merger (including a fractional share of Parent Common Stock for which cash is
received) will be the same as the aggregate tax basis of such shares of Company
Common Stock.
<PAGE> 4
CIENA Corporation
July 21, 1998
Page 4
(v) The holding period for shares of Parent Common Stock
received in exchange for shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to the Merger
will include the holder's holding period for such shares of Company Common
Stock, provided such shares of Company Common Stock were held as capital assets
by the holder at the Effective Time.
(vi) A stockholder of the Company who receives cash in lieu
of a fractional share of Parent Common Stock will recognize gain or loss equal
to the difference, if any, between such stockholder's basis in the fractional
share (determined under clause (iv) above) and the amount of cash received.
Our opinion set forth herein is based upon the description of
the contemplated transactions as set forth above in the section captioned "The
Proposed Transaction," the Agreement and the Prospectus. If the actual facts
relating to any aspect of the transactions differ from this description in any
material respect, our opinion may become inapplicable. In addition, our opinion
might not be applicable to Company stockholders who, for federal income tax
purposes, are nonresident alien individuals, foreign corporations, foreign
partnerships, foreign trusts or foreign estates, or who acquired their Company
Common Stock pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as
compensation. Further, our opinion is based upon the Code and the relevant
regulations and interpretations and judicial precedents as of the date hereof.
If there is any change in the applicable law or regulations, or if there is any
new administrative or judicial interpretations of the law or regulations, our
opinion may become inapplicable. In this regard, we assume no obligation to
update or supplement this opinion to reflect any facts and circumstances which
may hereafter come to our attention with respect to the opinions expressed
above.
This opinion is provided to the Company only, and without our
prior consent, may not be relied upon, used, circulated, quoted or otherwise
referred to in any manner by any person, firm, governmental authority or entity
whatsoever other than reliance thereon by the Company. Notwithstanding the prior
sentence, we hereby consent to the use of this opinion letter as an exhibit to
the Registration Statement and to the use of our name in the Registration
Statement.
Sincerely yours,
Hogan & Hartson L.L.P.
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 23.1
Consent of Independent Auditors
We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption "Experts" in the Joint
Proxy Statement/Prospectus and Registration Statement (Form S-4) of Tellabs,
Inc. for the registration of 110,868,446 shares of its common stock and to the
incorporation by reference therein of our reports dated January 26, 1998, with
respect to the consolidated financial statements of Tellabs, Inc., incorporated
by reference in its Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended January 2, 1998
and the related financial statement schedules included therein, filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
ERNST & YOUNG LLP
Chicago, Illinois
July 20, 1998
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 23.2
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Prospectus
constituting part of this Registration Statement on Form S-4 of Tellabs, Inc. of
our report dated November 26, 1997, except for Note 1- Principles of
Consolidation, as to which the date is February 19, 1998 appearing in CIENA
Corporation's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 23, 1998. We also consent
to the reference to us under the heading "Experts."
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Falls Church, Virginia
July 20, 1998
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 23.3
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
We have issued our report dated January 15, 1997, accompanying the consolidated
financial statements of Tellabs, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 27, 1996
and for the two years then ended incorporated by reference in this Registration
Statement on Form S-4. We consent to the use of the aforementioned report, and
to the use of our name as it appears under the caption "Experts".
GRANT THORNTON LLP
Chicago, Illinois
July 20, 1998
<PAGE> 1
EXHIIBT 24.1
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a Director
and/or Officer of Tellabs, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), does
hereby constitute and appoint Michael J. Birck and Margaret Maxwell Zagel, and
each of them, with full power to act alone, the undersigned's true and lawful
attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution,
for the undersigned and in the name, place and stead of the undersigned, in any
and all capacities, to sign on behalf of the undersigned a Registration
Statement on Form S-4 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Securities Act"), with respect to the registration under the Securities Act of
the shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value per share, of the Company to be
issued pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of
June 2, 1998 among the Company, White Oak Merger Corp., a Delaware corporation
and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company ("Sub"), and CIENA Corporation, a
Delaware corporation ("CIENA"), which provides for the merger of Sub with and
into CIENA, with CIENA surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company;
and to execute any and all amendments to such Registration Statement, whether
filed prior or subsequent to the time such Registration Statement becomes
effective, including amendments filed on Form S-8, granting unto said
attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do
and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as
fully to all intents and purposes as the undersigned might or could do in
person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and
agents or any one of them, or such person's substitute or their substitutes,
lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this 20th day of
July, 1998.
/s/ J. PETER JOHNSON
----------------------------------------
J. Peter Johnson
<PAGE> 2
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a Director
and/or Officer of Tellabs, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), does
hereby constitute and appoint Michael J. Birck and Margaret Maxwell Zagel, and
each of them, with full power to act alone, the undersigned's true and lawful
attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution,
for the undersigned and in the name, place and stead of the undersigned, in any
and all capacities, to sign on behalf of the undersigned a Registration
Statement on Form S-4 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Securities Act"), with respect to the registration under the Securities Act of
the shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value per share, of the Company to be
issued pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of
June 2, 1998 among the Company, White Oak Merger Corp., a Delaware corporation
and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company ("Sub"), and CIENA Corporation, a
Delaware corporation ("CIENA"), which provides for the merger of Sub with and
into CIENA, with CIENA surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company;
and to execute any and all amendments to such Registration Statement, whether
filed prior or subsequent to the time such Registration Statement becomes
effective, including amendments filed on Form S-8, granting unto said
attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do
and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as
fully to all intents and purposes as the undersigned might or could do in
person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and
agents or any one of them, or such person's substitute or their substitutes,
lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this 20th day of
July, 1998.
/s/ JOHN D. FOULKES, PH.D
---------------------------------------
John D. Foulkes, Ph.D
<PAGE> 3
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a Director
and/or Officer of Tellabs, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), does
hereby constitute and appoint Michael J. Birck and Margaret Maxwell Zagel, and
each of them, with full power to act alone, the undersigned's true and lawful
attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution,
for the undersigned and in the name, place and stead of the undersigned, in any
and all capacities, to sign on behalf of the undersigned a Registration
Statement on Form S-4 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Securities Act"), with respect to the registration under the Securities Act of
the shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value per share, of the Company to be
issued pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of
June 2, 1998 among the Company, White Oak Merger Corp., a Delaware corporation
and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company ("Sub"), and CIENA Corporation, a
Delaware corporation ("CIENA"), which provides for the merger of Sub with and
into CIENA, with CIENA surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company;
and to execute any and all amendments to such Registration Statement, whether
filed prior or subsequent to the time such Registration Statement becomes
effective, including amendments filed on Form S-8, granting unto said
attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do
and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as
fully to all intents and purposes as the undersigned might or could do in
person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and
agents or any one of them, or such person's substitute or their substitutes,
lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this 15th day of
July, 1998.
/s/ PETER A. GUGLIELMI
-----------------------------------------
Peter A. Guglielmi
<PAGE> 4
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a Director
and/or Officer of Tellabs, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), does
hereby constitute and appoint Michael j. birck and Margaret Maxwell Zagel, and
each of them, with full power of substituion and resubstitution, for the
undersigned and in the name, place and stead of the undersigned, in any and all
capacities, to sign on behalf of the undersigned a Registration Statement on
Form S-4 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"),
with respect to the registration under the Securities Act of the shares of
Common Stock, $.01 par value per share, of the Company to be issured pursuant
to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of June 2, 1998 among
the Company, White Oak Merger Corp., a Delware corporation and wholly-owned
subsidiary of the Company ("Sub"), and CIENA Corporation, a Delaware
corporation ("Ciena"), which provides for the merger of Sub with and into
CIENA, with CIENA surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, and to
execute any and all amendments to such Registration Statement, whether filed
prior or subsequent to the time such Registration Statement becomes effective,
including amendments filed on Form S-8, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact
and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each
and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as fully to all
intents and purposes as the undersigned might or could do in person, hereby
ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents of any one
of them, or such person's substitute or their substitutes, lawfully do or cause
to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this 20th day of July,
1998.
/s/ BRIAN J. JACKMAN
--------------------------------
Brian J. Jackman
<PAGE> 5
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a Director
and/or Officer of Tellabs, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), does
hereby constitute and appoint Michael J. Birck and Margaret Maxwell Zagel, and
each of them, with full power to act alone, the undersigned's true and lawful
attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution,
for the undersigned and in the name, place and stead of the undersigned, in any
and all capacities, to sign on behalf of the undersigned a Registration
Statement on Form S-4 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Securities Act"), with respect to the registration under the Securities Act of
the shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value per share, of the Company to be
issued pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of
June 2, 1998 among the Company, White Oak Merger Corp., a Delaware corporation
and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company ("Sub"), and CIENA Corporation, a
Delaware corporation ("CIENA"), which provides for the merger of Sub with and
into CIENA, with CIENA surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company;
and to execute any and all amendments to such Registration Statement, whether
filed prior or subsequent to the time such Registration Statement becomes
effective, including amendments filed on Form S-8, granting unto said
attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do
and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as
fully to all intents and purposes as the undersigned might or could do in
person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and
agents or any one of them, or such person's substitute or their substitutes,
lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this 20th day of
July, 1998.
/s/ FREDERICK A. KREHBIEL
-----------------------------------------
Frederick A. Krehbiel
<PAGE> 6
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a Director
and/or Officer of Tellabs, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), does
hereby constitute and appoint Michael J. Birck and Margaret Maxwell Zagel, and
each of them, with full power to act alone, the undersigned's true and lawful
attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution,
for the undersigned and in the name, place and stead of the undersigned, in any
and all capacities, to sign on behalf of the undersigned a Registration
Statement on Form S-4 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Securities Act"), with respect to the registration under the Securities Act of
the shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value per share, of the Company to be
issued pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of
June 2, 1998 among the Company, White Oak Merger Corp., a Delaware corporation
and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company ("Sub"), and CIENA Corporation, a
Delaware corporation ("CIENA"), which provides for the merger of Sub with and
into CIENA, with CIENA surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company;
and to execute any and all amendments to such Registration Statement, whether
filed prior or subsequent to the time such Registration Statement becomes
effective, including amendments filed on Form S-8, granting unto said
attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do
and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as
fully to all intents and purposes as the undersigned might or could do in
person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and
agents or any one of them, or such person's substitute or their substitutes,
lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this 15th day of
July, 1998.
/s/ STEPHANIE PACE MARSHALL, PH.D
-------------------------------------------
Stephanie Pace Marshall, Ph.D
<PAGE> 7
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a Director
and/or Officer of Tellabs, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), does
hereby constitute and appoint Michael J. Birck and Margaret Maxwell Zagel, and
each of them, with full power to act alone, the undersigned's true and lawful
attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution,
for the undersigned and in the name, place and stead of the undersigned, in any
and all capacities, to sign on behalf of the undersigned a Registration
Statement on Form S-4 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Securities Act"), with respect to the registration under the Securities Act of
the shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value per share, of the Company to be
issued pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of
June 2, 1998 among the Company, White Oak Merger Corp., a Delaware corporation
and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company ("Sub"), and CIENA Corporation, a
Delaware corporation ("CIENA"), which provides for the merger of Sub with and
into CIENA, with CIENA surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company;
and to execute any and all amendments to such Registration Statement, whether
filed prior or subsequent to the time such Registration Statement becomes
effective, including amendments filed on Form S-8, granting unto said
attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do
and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as
fully to all intents and purposes as the undersigned might or could do in
person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and
agents or any one of them, or such person's substitute or their substitutes,
lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this 20th day of
July, 1998.
/s/ WILLIAM F. SOUDERS
------------------------------------------
William F. Souders
<PAGE> 8
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a Director
and/or Officer of Tellabs, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), does
hereby constitute and appoint Michael J. Birck and Margaret Maxwell Zagel, and
each of them, with full power to act alone, the undersigned's true and lawful
attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution,
for the undersigned and in the name, place and stead of the undersigned, in any
and all capacities, to sign on behalf of the undersigned a Registration
Statement on Form S-4 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Securities Act"), with respect to the registration under the Securities Act of
the shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value per share, of the Company to be
issued pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of
June 2, 1998 among the Company, White Oak Merger Corp., a Delaware corporation
and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company ("Sub"), and CIENA Corporation, a
Delaware corporation ("CIENA"), which provides for the merger of Sub with and
into CIENA, with CIENA surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company;
and to execute any and all amendments to such Registration Statement, whether
filed prior or subsequent to the time such Registration Statement becomes
effective, including amendments filed on Form S-8, granting unto said
attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do
and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as
fully to all intents and purposes as the undersigned might or could do in
person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and
agents or any one of them, or such person's substitute or their substitutes,
lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this 15th day of
July, 1998.
/s/ JAN H. SUWINSKI
------------------------------------------
Jan H. Suwinski
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 99.1
TELLABS, INC.
PROXY SOLICITED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
FOR A SPECIAL MEETING TO BE HELD ON AUGUST 21, 1998
The undersigned stockholder(s) of Tellabs, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the "Company"), hereby appoint(s) Michael J. Birck and Peter A. Guglielmi, and
each of them, as proxies for the undersigned, with full power of substitution,
for and in the name, place and stead of the undersigned, to attend the Special
Meeting of Stockholders of the Company to be held at the Company's offices
located at 4951 Indiana Avenue, Lisle, Illinois 60532-1698 on Friday, August
21, 1998, at 10:00 a.m., local time, and any adjournment(s) or postponement(s)
thereof, and to cast on behalf of the undersigned the number of votes the
undersigned would be entitled to vote if personally present as set forth herein
and otherwise to represent the undersigned at the meeting with all powers
possessed by the undersigned if personally present at the meeting. The
undersigned acknowledges receipt of the Notice of the Special Meeting of
Stockholders and the accompanying Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus and releases
any proxy heretofore given with respect to such meeting.
THIS PROXY, WHEN PROPERLY EXECUTED, WILL BE VOTED IN THE MANNER DIRECTED
HEREIN BY THE UNDERSIGNED STOCKHOLDER. IF NO DIRECTION IS MADE, THIS PROXY WILL
BE VOTED FOR APPROVAL OF THE SHARE ISSUANCE AS SET FORTH IN PARAGRAPH 1 ON THE
REVERSE SIDE.
<PAGE> 2
TELLABS, INC.
PLEASE MARK VOTE IN OVAL IN THE FOLLOWING MANNER USING DARK INK ONLY. /X/
[ ]
This proxy is revocable at any time before it is exercised and the undersigned
reserve(s) the right to attend the meeting and vote in person.
The Board of Directors recommends a vote "FOR" the listed proposal.
1. Proposal for approval of the issuance of FOR AGAINST ABSTAIN
shares of common stock, per value / / / / / /
$.01 per share, of the Company to
stockholders of CIENA Corporation
pursuant to that certain Agreement and
Plan of Merger dated as of June 2,
1998 by and among the Company, White Oak
Merger Corp. and CIENA Corporation.
2. In their discretion, the proxies are authorized to vote upon such other
business as may properly come before the meeting.
The undersigned hereby ratifies and confirms all that said attorneys and
proxies, or any one or more of them or their substitute or substitutes, may
lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof and any prior proxies are
hereby revoked.
Dated: 1998
-----------------------------,
----------------------------------------
Signature
----------------------------------------
Signature
Your signature should be as your name
appears hereon. When signed in a
fiduciary or representative capacity,
please show your full title as such.
For joint accounts each joint owner
should sign. PLEASE DATE, SIGN AND
RETURN IN THE ENCLOSED POSTMARKED
ENVELOPE PROMPTLY.
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 99.2
CIENA CORPORATION
PROXY SOLICITED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
FOR A SPECIAL MEETING TO BE HELD ON AUGUST 21, 1998
The undersigned stockholder(s) of CIENA Corporation, a Delaware corporation
(the "Company"), hereby appoint(s) Patrick H. Nettles and G. Eric Georgatos, and
each of them, as proxies for the undersigned, with full power of substitution,
for and in the name, place and stead of the undersigned, to attend the Special
Meeting of Stockholders of the Company to be held at the Harbor Court Hotel
located at 550 Light Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, on Friday, August
21, 1998, at 11:00 A.M., local time, and any adjournment(s) or postponement(s)
thereof, and to cast on behalf of the undersigned the number of votes the
undersigned would be entitled to vote if personally present as set forth herein
and otherwise to represent the undersigned at the meeting with all powers
possessed by the undersigned if personally present at the meeting. The
undersigned acknowledges receipt of the Notice of the Special Meeting of
Stockholders and the accompanying Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus and releases
any proxy heretofore given with respect to such meeting.
THIS PROXY, WHEN PROPERLY EXECUTED, WILL BE VOTED IN THE MANNER DIRECTED
HEREIN BY THE UNDERSIGNED STOCKHOLDER. IF NO DIRECTION IS MADE, THIS PROXY WILL
BE VOTED FOR APPROVAL AND ADOPTION OF THE MERGER AGREEMENT AS SET FORTH IN
PARAGRAPH 1 ON THE REVERSE SIDE.
<PAGE> 2
CIENA CORPORATION
PLEASE MARK VOTE IN OVAL IN THE FOLLOWING MANNER USING DARK INK ONLY. / /
[ ]
This proxy is revocable at any time before it is exercised and the undersigned
reserve(s) the right to attend the meeting and vote in person.
The Board of Directors recommends a vote "FOR" the listed proposal.
1. Proposal for approval and adoption of the FOR AGAINST ABSTAIN
Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of / / / / / /
June 2, 1998 by and among Tellabs,
Inc., White Oak Merger Corp. and the Company.
2. In their discretion, the proxies are authorized to vote upon such other
business as may properly come before the meeting.
The undersigned hereby ratifies and confirms all that said attorneys and
proxies, or any one or more of them or their substitute or substitutes, may
lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof and any prior proxies are
hereby revoked.
Dated: 1998
-----------------------------,
----------------------------------------
Signature
----------------------------------------
Signature
Your signature should be as your name
appears hereon. When signed in a
fiduciary or representative capacity,
please show your full title as such.
For joint accounts each joint owner
should sign. PLEASE DATE, SIGN AND
RETURN IN THE ENCLOSED POSTMARKED
ENVELOPE PROMPTLY.
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 99.3
CONSENT
In accordance with Rule 438 under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, the undersigned hereby consents to being named as a prospective
director of Tellabs, Inc. in its Registration Statement on Form S-4 (SEC File
No. 333-_____) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
/s/ Patrick H. Nettles
-----------------------------
Patrick H. Nettles
<PAGE> 2
CONSENT
In accordance with Rule 438 under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, the undersigned hereby consents to being named as a prospective
director of Tellabs, Inc. in its Registration Statement on Form S-4 (SEC File
No. 333-_____) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
/s/ Jon W. Bayless
-----------------------------
Jon W. Bayless
<PAGE> 3
CONSENT
In accordance with Rule 438 under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, the undersigned hereby consents to being named as a prospective
director of Tellabs, Inc. in its Registration Statement on Form S-4 (SEC File
No. 333-_____) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
/s/ Stephen Bradley
-----------------------------
Stephen Bradley
<PAGE> 4
CONSENT
In accordance with Rule 438 under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, the undersigned hereby consents to being named as a prospective
director of Tellabs, Inc. in its Registration Statement on Form S-4 (SEC File
No. 333-_____) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
/s/ Billy B. Oliver
-----------------------------
Billy B. Oliver
