<PAGE>
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K/A
X ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
- --- ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997
-OR-
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
- --- EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from _________________ to ____________________
Commission file number 1-6035
THE TITAN CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
DELAWARE 95-2588754
(State or other jurisdiction of (IRS Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
3033 SCIENCE PARK ROAD
SAN DIEGO, CA 92121-1199
(Address of principal executive offices, zip code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (619) 552-9500
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
<TABLE>
<S><C>
TITLE OF EACH CLASS NAME OF EXCHANGE ON WHICH REGISTERED
------------------- -------------------------------------
$1.00 Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, $1.00 par value New York Stock Exchange
Common Stock, $.01 par value
Preferred Stock Purchase Rights
</TABLE>
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant
was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X No
--- ---
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrant's knowledge in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. X
---
Aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the
registrant as of February 12, 1998: $97,615,020
Number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at February 12, 1998:
16,737,679
DOCUMENT INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Proxy Statement for the 1998 Annual Meeting of Stockholders on May 14,
1998. (The Company filed a definitive proxy statement with the Commission
within 120 days after the close of the fiscal year pursuant to Regulation
14A.) With the exception of those portions which are incorporated by
reference in this Form 10-K Annual Report, the Proxy Statement for the 1998
Annual Meeting of Stockholders is not deemed to be filed as part of this
Report, Part III.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
GENERAL DEVELOPMENT AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
The Titan Corporation ("Titan" or "the Company") provides state-of-the-art
information technology and electronic systems and services to commercial and
government customers. Titan groups its businesses into four core business
segments--Communications Systems, Software Systems, Information Technologies,
and Medical Sterilization and Food Pasteurization--and a fifth business segment,
Emerging Technologies and Businesses. The Communications Systems segment,
through Titan's wholly owned subsidiary Linkabit Wireless, Inc. ("Linkabit
Wireless"), develops and produces advanced satellite ground terminals, satellite
voice/data modems, networking systems and other products used to provide
bandwidth-efficient communications. Linkabit Wireless currently has a
registration statement on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission for a
proposed public offering of approximately 26% of its common stock. The Software
Systems segment, through Titan's wholly owned subsidiary Titan Software Systems,
is a systems integrator that provides a broad range of information technology
services and solutions. The Information Technologies segment, through Titan's
wholly owned subsidiary Titan Technologies and Information Systems Corporation,
provides information systems solutions to defense-related government customers
with large data management, information manipulation, information fusion,
knowledge-based systems, and communications requirements. The Medical
Sterilization and Food Pasteurization segment, through Titan's wholly owned
subsidiary Titan Purification, Inc., utilizes its linear accelerator technology
to provide sterilization systems and services for medical device manufacturers
and for the reduction of contamination from E. coli, salmonella and other
microorganisms in food. The Emerging Technologies and Businesses segment
consists of new technologies and early-stage businesses, including
minority-owned businesses, utilizing technologies originally developed by Titan.
COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS SEGMENT
The Communications Systems segment, through Linkabit Wireless, develops and
produces advanced satellite ground terminals, satellite voice/data modems,
networking systems and other products used to provide bandwidth-efficient
communications for commercial and government customers. Linkabit Wireless'
market-driven product development efforts have resulted in products which are
particularly well suited for two significant market opportunities, rural
telephony and secure defense communications.
Linkabit Wireless has developed substantial expertise in Demand Assigned
Multiple Access ("DAMA") technology and critical engineering disciplines such as
satellite ground system design, RF and digital engineering, digital and
communications signal processing software, network management and modem
technology. Linkabit Wireless' commercial products leverage the advanced
technologies and broad technical competencies developed from the substantial
investment in its government business. Similarly, the government business has
benefited from Linkabit Wireless' investment in the design and production of
cost-effective commercial products which can satisfy the government's demand for
more commercial off-the-shelf products.
RURAL TELEPHONY. Linkabit Wireless' leading commercial product, Xpress
Connection, uses existing geosynchronous satellites to provide low-cost voice,
facsimile and data services using satellites to connect villages to a national
Public Switched Telephone Network ("PSTN"), making it possible to provide
low-cost telephone service to vast unserved areas.
Linkabit Wireless develops and markets its rural telephony products through
strategic alliances. In September 1995, Linkabit Wireless received an
approximately $10 million
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contract from PT. Pasifik Satelit Nusantra ("PSN") to develop the Xpress
Connection system for use in a rural telephony network in Indonesia. In
December 1997, Linkabit Wireless received a follow-on order from PSN for 10,000
additional terminals at a contract value of approximately $27 million, with
delivery to begin immediately and be completed by May 1999. This contract also
contains a priced option to purchase up to 10,000 additional terminals, which
may be exercised at any time during the contract term. Linkabit Wireless and
PSN are marketing Xpress Connection to other countries covered by PSN's
satellites. In addition, Linkabit Wireless is working with Alcatel Telespace
("Alcatel") to market Xpress Connection to other developing regions, including
Africa and Latin America.
Linkabit Wireless is leveraging its experience in rural telephony to selectively
pursue private networking opportunities in developing countries. In Thailand,
Linkabit Wireless is providing elements of a private voice, data and facsimile
communications network for use by The Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural
Cooperatives.
SECURE DEFENSE COMMUNICATIONS PRODUCTS. Linkabit Wireless' leading defense
product, the Mini-DAMA terminal, is a full UHF satellite communications terminal
that is designed to provide dual channel, multi-mode communications for up to 16
simultaneous users. This terminal condenses the communications capabilities
formerly housed in two six-foot high racks into a single 25-inch high terminal
and provides a weight savings of over 500 pounds and a power savings of
approximately 60% to 70% over prior systems. In October 1997, Linkabit Wireless
was awarded an $8.2 million production option to its ongoing U.S. Navy contract
for Mini-DAMA UHF satellite communications terminals for delivery through
February 1999.
The industries and markets in which Linkabit Wireless competes are highly
competitive, and Titan expects that competition will increase in such markets.
Linkabit Wireless encounters intense competition from numerous other companies,
including large and emerging domestic and international companies, many of which
have far greater financial, engineering, technological, marketing, sales and
distribution and customer service resources than Linkabit Wireless. Some of
Linkabit Wireless' competitors in the secure defense communications market
include GEC (UK), Raytheon Corporation, Rockwell International and ViaSat, Inc.
Some of Linkabit Wireless' commercial competitors include Gilat Satellite
Networks Ltd., Hughes Network Systems, Scientific Atlanta Inc., STM Wireless
Inc. and ViaSat, Inc. Furthermore, the satellite communications industry itself
competes with other technologies such as terrestrial wireless, copper wire and
fiber optic communications systems.
As of December 31, 1997 Linkabit Wireless had a total of 195 employees.
SOFTWARE SYSTEMS SEGMENT
Titan's Software Systems segment ("Titan Software") is a systems integrator that
provides a broad range of information technology ("IT") services and solutions
to commercial and non-defense government clients.
Titan Software provides integration services and solutions for companies with
distributed computing environments. Titan Software's services include systems
integration and package software implementation services, business process
re-engineering, data warehousing and
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database administration, client/server application development, Year 2000
solutions, intranet/internet infrastructure and development, and electronic
commerce solutions.
To enhance its service offerings and expand its customer base, Titan Software is
actively developing relationships with software companies offering products that
require integration. For example, Titan Software and PointCast are approaching
large PointCast users and offering Titan Software's services to install,
integrate and develop custom features, including executive systems interfaced
with PointCast, to add value to PointCast's push technology.
The IT services industry is highly competitive. Titan Software competes against
a large number of multinational, national, regional and local firms, including
system integrators, custom software developers and service groups of software
vendors. Many of Titan Software's competitors have substantially greater
financial, technical and marketing resources and greater name recognition than
Titan Software. In addition, many of Titan Software's clients have internal IT
resources and may elect to do work in-house instead of using Titan Software's
services. Titan Software believes that the primary competitive factors for its
IT services include technical skills, knowledge of specific industry operations
for which software is integrated or developed, customer relationships and
quality and cost of service.
As of December 31, 1997, Titan Software had a total of 74 employees.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES SEGMENT
Titan's Information Technologies segment ("Titan Information Technologies")
provides information systems solutions to defense-related government customers
with large data management, information manipulation, information fusion,
knowledge-based systems, and communications requirements.
Titan Information Technologies focuses on marketing its services to U.S.
government agencies, in particular the intelligence community, NATO and other
U.S. defense partners around the world where Titan Information Technologies
has extensive knowledge of the enterprise's operations, relationships and
information systems needs. In addition, Titan Information Technologies has
expanded its defense systems business capabilities to provide a full range of
systems engineering procurement and technical support for the Command,
Control, Communication, Computing and Intelligence (C4I) initiatives of the
Department of Defense. This expertise assists Titan Information Technologies
in providing a comprehensive solution to a customer's problem which is
compatible with the customer's overall information systems architecture and
strategy, as opposed to developing merely a technical solution to a specific
problem. Titan plans to further support this segment's growth through active
participation in the on-going defense industry consolidation, taking
advantage of synergistic acquisition opportunities. In January 1998, Titan
entered into a definitive merger agreement with DBA Systems, Inc. ("DBA"), a
defense contractor specializing in imaging and electro-optical systems. If
approved by both Titan and DBA shareholders, DBA will be merged into the
Information Technologies Segment.
Titan Information Technologies' services include systems analysis and design,
object-oriented software development services and systems integration. Titan
Information Technologies' initial work generally involves a joint analysis of
the customer's enterprise structure and processes and information system needs.
Once this analysis is completed, Titan Information Technologies provides process
re-engineering and designs the technology solution to meet the customer's needs.
This process typically involves software development by Titan Information
Technologies, coupled with integration of off-the-shelf software and hardware as
available. Titan Information Technologies also provides a variety of
professional and technical support services, including electronics and
mechanical design and fabrication, computer-aided drafting and manufacturing
services, technical documentation and prototyping.
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During 1997, the Information Technologies segment was awarded four contracts
with an aggregate potential value exceeding $145 million. These contracts
provide for communications systems integration, engineering and technical
support services for the U.S. Government over a five-year period.
Titan Information Technologies is one of many companies involved in providing
information systems solutions for a variety of programs for agencies of the U.S.
government and prime contractors for these agencies. Most activities in which
Titan Information Technologies engages are very competitive and require highly
skilled and experienced technical personnel. Many of Titan Information
Technologies' competitors have significantly greater financial and personnel
resources than does Titan Information Technologies. Competitors in this
industry include Booz-Allen Hamilton Inc., Science Applications International
Corporation, Computer Science Corporation, BDM Corporation and Anteon Corp.
Titan Information Technologies believes that the primary competitive factors for
its information systems services include technical skills, experience in the
industry and customer relationships.
As of December 31, 1997, Titan Information Technologies had a total of 779
employees.
MEDICAL STERILIZATION AND FOOD PASTEURIZATION SEGMENT
Titan's Medical Sterilization and Food Pasteurization Segment ("Titan
Purification") utilizes its linear accelerator technology to provide
sterilization systems and services for medical device manufacturers.
Titan Purification has developed a proprietary electronic beam sterilization
process that utilizes linear accelerator technology. Titan believes its E-Beam
sterilization system offers a reliable, environmentally acceptable and efficient
alternative to both Gamma sterilization and EtO sterilization. Titan
Purification E-Beam sterilization process disrupts the DNA structure of
microorganisms on or within the product rendering them sterile.
Titan Purification provides an on-site system which is a compact, low-cost,
turnkey system currently available for customers' in-house manufacturing use.
In February 1997, Titan Purification agreed to install its first turnkey on-site
sterilization system at Guidant Corporation, one of the leading medical device
manufacturers in the United States. Titan Purification also provides contract
sterilization services through its facilities in Denver and San Diego. Titan
Purification has been providing such contract services since 1993.
POTENTIAL MARKETS. Although contaminated food is one of the most widespread
health problems in the world, lack of regulatory approval and consumer
acceptance historically has limited the development of the market for food
pasteurization. Estimates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
in Washington, D.C. suggest that up to 33 million people in the United States
are stricken with food-borne diseases each year. In addition, nearly 200 people
in the United States die each week from illnesses they contract from food.
Although the recent outbreaks of E. coli and salmonella have increased public
interest in food pasteurization, the potential market for food pasteurization
remains largely undeveloped. The Company believes the absence of a market for
food pasteurization has been due in part to the lack of FDA approval for the
pasteurization of most foods, including red meat. On December 3, 1997, however,
the FDA approved irradiation of red meat. The FDA also found that irradiation
of meat, at its recommended doses, affects neither the food's taste nor its
nutritional value in any detectable way. The meat pasteurization process is
still subject to final approval by the USDA, which approval the USDA expects to
provide sometime in 1998. Despite the FDA's approval, however, the development
of this potential market is still dependent on broad consumer acceptance of
pasteurized foods, which may not occur. Although Titan
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Purification, until recently, has focused its efforts in the area of medical
device products, Titan Purification believes it is well-positioned to take
advantage of the food pasteurization market if it develops.
Although Titan Purification believes that it is the only provider of small,
low-cost, turnkey systems for in-house manufacturers, Titan Purification
currently faces competition from several providers of contract Gamma
sterilization services, several providers of contract E-Beam sterilization
services and a significantly larger number of providers of contract
sterilization services. Certain of Titan Purification competitors and potential
competitors have substantially greater financial, marketing, distribution,
technical and other resources than Titan Purification, or offer multiple
sterilization technologies or operate multiple sterilization facilities at
geographically advantageous sites, which may enable them to address a broader
range of the sterilization requirements of individual customers.
As of December 31, 1997, Titan Purification had a total of 28 employees.
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND BUSINESSES SEGMENT
The Emerging Technologies and Businesses segment consists of new technologies
and early-stage businesses, including minority-owned businesses, utilizing
technologies originally developed by Titan. In addition to its minority-owned
businesses, the Emerging Technologies and Businesses segment owns patents
relating to technologies derived from research and development activities of
Titan. Titan intends to utilize both public and private investments as the
primary funding source for the continued development of its technologies.
Examples of such technologies and businesses of Titan are as follows:
IPIVOT, INC. IPivot, Inc. ("IPivot") is a minority-owned company of Titan
that develops software to enable internet and intranet providers to reduce
server blockage and scale to high-end complex environments in a
cost-effective manner. IPivot products are still in the development stage.
TOMOTHERAPEUTICS, INC. TomoTherapeutics, Inc. is a majority-owned company of
Titan that is developing an x-ray needle system designed to rapidly generate
x-rays at a local level in the treatment of tumors and other abnormal tissues.
This system is still in the development stage.
The Emerging Technologies and Businesses segment is attempting to commercialize
new technologies and products in relatively new markets. The success of these
technologies and businesses will depend on many factors, including the ability
of Titan or its partners to raise the capital necessary to fund development, to
attract, retain and motivate key personnel and to develop markets for new
products.
GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS
A substantial portion of the Company's revenues are dependent upon continued
funding of U.S. and allied government agencies as well as continued funding of
the programs targeted by the Company's businesses. For the years ended December
31, 1997, 1996 and 1995, U.S. government business represented approximately 72%,
76% and 62% of the Company's revenues, respectively. U.S. defense budgets and
the budgets of other government agencies have been declining in real terms since
the mid-1980's, and may continue to do so in the future. Any significant
reductions in the funding of U.S. government agencies or in the funding areas
targeted by the Company's businesses could materially and adversely affect the
Company's business, results of operations and financial condition.
The Company's direct contracts with the U.S. government and its subcontracts
with prime contractors that have direct contracts with the U.S. government are
subject to termination for the convenience of the government, and termination,
reduction or modification in the
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event of any change in the government's requirements or budgetary constraints.
When the Company subcontracts with prime contractors, such subcontracts are also
subject to the ability of the prime contractor to perform its obligations under
its prime contract. The Company often has little or no control over the
resources allocated by the prime contractor to the prime contract, and any
failure by the prime contractor to perform its obligations under the prime
contract could result in the Company's loss of its subcontract. In addition,
the Company's contract-related costs and fees, including allocated indirect
costs, are subject to audits and adjustments by negotiation between the Company
and the U.S. government. As part of the audit process, the government audit
agency verifies that all charges made by a contractor against a contract are
legitimate and appropriate. Audits may result in recalculation of contract
revenues and non-reimbursement of some contract costs and fees. Any audits of
the Company's contract-related costs and fees could result in material
adjustments to the Company's revenues. In addition, U.S. government contracts
are conditioned upon the continuing availability of Congressional
appropriations. Congress usually appropriates funds on a fiscal year basis even
though contract performance may take several years. Consequently, at the outset
of a major program, the contract is usually incrementally funded and additional
funds are normally committed to the contract by the procuring agency as
appropriations are made by Congress for future fiscal years. Any failure of
such agencies to continue to fund such contracts could have a material adverse
effect on the Company's business, results of operations and financial condition.
The following table gives the percentage of revenues realized by the Company
from the three primary types of Government contracts during the years indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Contract Type 1997 1996 1995
------------- ---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cost Reimbursement.............. 53.5% 52.9% 54.7%
Fixed Price..................... 39.2 40.9 40.2
Time and Materials.............. 7.3 6.2 5.1
----- ----- -----
100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
----- ----- -----
----- ----- -----
</TABLE>
INDUSTRY SEGMENTS, SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMERS AND EXPORT REVENUES
Reference is made to Note 6 to the accompanying consolidated financial
statements.
RAW MATERIALS
The Company operates both fabrication and assembly facilities and also purchases
certain components and assemblies from other suppliers. No one supplier
accounts for a significant portion of total purchases.
In connection with the sale of various products, Linkabit Wireless enters into
supplier agreements with various contract manufacturers to purchase certain
components incorporated into certain of the segment's products. As of December
31, 1997 Linkabit Wireless has non-cancelable commitments of $4,354,000,
primarily with two vendors, for purchases through 1998. The Company believes
that the loss of one or more of these agreements would not have a material
adverse impact on the Company's operations.
PATENTS, TRADEMARKS AND TRADE SECRETS
The policy of the Company is to apply for patents and other appropriate
statutory protection when it develops new or improved technology. The Company
presently holds over 40 U.S. patents, as well as a number of trademarks and
copyrights. However, it does not rely solely on such statutory protection to
protect its technology and intellectual property. In addition to seeking patent
protection for its inventions, the Company relies on the laws of unfair
competition and trade secrets to protect its unpatented proprietary rights. The
Company attempts to protect its trade secrets and other unpatented proprietary
information through agreements with customers, vendors, employees and
consultants. In
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addition, various names used by the Company for its products and services have
been registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
BACKLOG
Contracts undertaken by the Company may extend beyond one year, and accordingly,
portions are carried forward from one year to the next as part of backlog.
Because many factors affect the scheduling of projects, no assurance can be
given as to when revenue will be realized on projects included in the Company's
backlog. Although backlog represents only business which is considered to be
firm, there can be no assurance that cancellations or scope adjustments will not
occur. The majority of backlog represents contracts under the terms of which
cancellation by the customer would entitle the Company to all or a portion of
its costs incurred and potential fees.
The Company's commercial backlog, by segment, is approximately $28.0 million,
$11.5 million, $3.6 million, $2.5 million and $1.2 million for Communications
Systems, Medical Sterilization and Food Pasteurization, Information
Technologies, Emerging Technologies and Businesses, and Software Systems,
respectively.
Many of the Company's contracts with the U.S. Government are funded by the
procuring agency from year to year, primarily based on its fiscal requirements.
This results in two different categories of U.S. Government backlog: funded and
unfunded backlog. "Funded backlog" consists of the aggregate contract revenues
remaining to be earned by the Company at a given time, but only to the extent
such amounts have been appropriated by Congress and allocated to the contract by
the procuring Government agency. "Unfunded backlog" consists of (i) the
aggregate contract revenues which are expected to be earned as the Company's
customers incrementally allot funding to existing contracts, whether the Company
is acting as a prime contractor or subcontractor, and (ii) the aggregate
contract revenues which remain to be funded on contracts which have been newly
awarded to the Company. "Backlog" is the total of the commercial and government
funded and unfunded backlog.
The Company's backlog consists of the following approximate amounts as of
December 31:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Backlog 1997 1996
------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C>
Commercial backlog.......................... $ 46,838,000 $ 32,733,000
U.S. Government funded backlog.............. 86,057,000 49,256,000
U.S. Government unfunded backlog............ 201,065,000 98,881,000
----------- -----------
$333,960,000 $180,870,000
----------- -----------
----------- -----------
</TABLE>
In addition to the backlog described above, at December 31, 1997, the Company
had remaining priced options of over $56 million from the U.S. Navy for
full-scale production of its Mini-DAMA satellite communications terminal. The
Company expects that a substantial number of these options will be exercised in
the future, although there is no assurance that any options will be exercised.
Management believes that year-to-year comparisons of backlog are difficult and
not necessarily indicative of future revenues. The Company's backlog is
typically subject to large variations from quarter to quarter as existing
contracts are renewed or new contracts are awarded. Additionally, all U.S.
Government contracts included in backlog, whether or not funded, may be
terminated at the convenience of the U.S. Government.
The Company expects to realize approximately 33% of its 1997 backlog by the end
of 1998.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
The Company maintains a staff of engineers, other scientific professionals and
support personnel engaged in development of new applications of technology and
improvement of existing products. These programs' costs are expensed as
incurred. Total expenditures for
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research and development were $10,642,000, $7,658,000 and $15,545,000 in 1997,
1996 and 1995, respectively. These expenditures included company funded
research and development of $5,501,000, $3,152,000 and $4,782,000, and customer
sponsored research and development of $5,141,000, $4,506,000 and $10,763,000, in
1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The majority of the Company's customer
sponsored research and development activity is funded under contract to the U.S.
Government.
EMPLOYEES
At the end of fiscal 1997, the Company employed approximately 1,200 employees,
predominantly located in the United States.
RISK FACTORS
ABILITY TO IMPLEMENT SPIN-OUT STRATEGY. In an effort to leverage its core
technologies to build and expand its commercial businesses, the Company has
adopted a strategy of dividing its businesses into focused subsidiaries and,
when possible, funding the continued operations and potential expansion of each
subsidiary by selling a minority equity interest to public investors. The
Company refers to these transactions as a "spin-out" of its subsidiaries. There
are numerous risks inherent in this strategy. Moreover, the Company has not
demonstrated an ability to spin-out its subsidiaries, nor has the Company
demonstrated an ability to successfully manage a public subsidiary. There can
be no assurance that the Company can complete a spin-out of any subsidiary or
that any future spin-out will result in the public market attributing any
incremental value to the Company's Common Stock.
There are many factors that could limit the Company's ability to successfully
complete spin-outs in the future. The inability of the Company to attract and
retain the entrepreneurial management and technical personnel necessary to
successfully develop commercial applications for the Company's technology would
have a material adverse effect on the Company's ability to manage and grow its
commercial businesses from start-up ventures to initial public offerings.
Additionally, in recent years, the stock market in general, and the shares of
technology companies in particular, have experienced extreme price fluctuations.
Broad market fluctuations may adversely affect or make impossible the Company's
ability to complete an initial public offering of a minority interest of any of
its present or future subsidiaries. If the Company fails in a planned spin-out,
such failure could make potential investors less receptive of future spin-outs
by the Company. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that the Company can
develop or acquire the additional technologies, or can successfully overcome the
numerous other challenges inherent in the operations of a start-up venture,
necessary to complete a spin-out of any of its subsidiaries. See "-- Ability to
Commercialize New Technologies."
If the Company is unable to implement its spin-out strategy, the Company will
need to complete additional equity or debt financings to fund the continued
operations and expansion of its subsidiaries and potential acquisitions of
new technologies. There can be no assurance that any such financing will be
available on acceptable terms or at all, or that such financings will be
adequate to meet the Company's capital requirements. Any additional equity
or convertible debt financings could result in substantial dilution to the
Company's stockholders. Successful spin-outs will initially result in
dilution, and will also result in a wider stockholder base at the subsidiary
level, which could adversely impact the ability of Titan's stockholders to
influence events at the subsidiary level.
If adequate funds are not available, the Company's ability to operate and
expand the businesses of its subsidiaries and to acquire additional
technologies will be materially adversely affected. The Company may also
have difficulty attracting and retaining key management and technical
personnel because of an inability to offer competitive equity opportunities
for these individuals. Any failure by the Company to spin-out its
subsidiaries could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
financial condition, results of operations and market price.
ACQUISITION OF DBA; RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH ACQUISITION STRATEGY. As part of
Titan's strategy, Titan intends to continue to acquire complementary
businesses or technologies that could expand its existing core businesses or
constitute new business. Titan's acquisition strategy entails the potential
risks inherent in assessing the value, strengths, weaknesses, corporate
culture, contingent or other liabilities and potential profitability of
acquisition candidates. Titan's proposed acquisition of DBA is an example of
Titan's acquisition strategy. There can be no assurance that acquisition
opportunities will continue to be available, that Titan will correctly assess
all of these aspects of potential acquisition candidates, that Titan will
have access to the capital required to finance potential acquisitions or that
Titan will continue to acquire businesses or technologies. In particular,
there can be no assurance that Titan correctly assessed the business of DBA,
or that the proposed acquisition by Titan of DBA will prove beneficial to
Titan and its stockholders.
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Titan's acquisition strategy also involves the potential risks inherent in
integrating the operations of acquired businesses and technologies. The
integration of these acquired businesses may require substantial management
resources and divert management attention from the day-to-day business of the
remainder of the Company. Although the Company intends to seek to reduce the
expenses of the combined business operations through consolidation of
facilities and other expense reductions, there can be no assurance that the
Company will be able to reduce expenses. There can be no assurance that the
Company will be successful in integrating the operations of any business or
technology the Company may acquire or that any acquired business will
ultimately prove to be profitable for Titan or its stockholders.
DEPENDENCE ON GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS. A substantial portion of the Company's
revenues are dependent upon continued funding of U.S. and allied government
agencies as well as continued funding of the programs targeted by the Company's
businesses. For the years ended December 31, 1997, 1996 and 1995, U.S.
government business represented approximately 72%, 76% and 62% of the Company's
revenues, respectively. U.S. defense budgets and the budgets of other
government agencies have been declining in real terms since the mid-1980's, and
may continue to do so in the future. Any significant reductions in the funding
of U.S government agencies or in the funding areas targeted by the Company's
businesses could materially and adversely affect the Company's business, results
of operations and financial condition.
The Company's direct contracts with the U.S. government and its subcontracts
with prime contractors that have direct contracts with the U.S. government are
subject to termination for the convenience of the government, and termination,
reduction or modification in the event of any change in the government's
requirements or budgetary constraints. When the Company subcontracts with prime
contractors, such subcontracts are also subject to the ability of the prime
contractor to perform its obligations under its prime contract. The Company
often has little or no control over the resources allocated by the prime
contractor to the prime contract, and any failure by the prime contractor to
perform its obligations under the prime contract could result in the Company's
loss of its subcontract. In addition, the Company's contract-related costs and
fees, including allocated indirect costs, are subject to audits and adjustments
by negotiation between the Company and the U.S. government. As part of the
audit process, the government audit agency verifies that all charges made by a
contractor against a contract are legitimate and appropriate. Audits may result
in recalculation of contract revenues and non-reimbursement of some contract
costs and fees. Any audits of the Company's contract-related costs and fees
could result in material adjustments to the Company's revenues. In addition,
U.S. government contracts are conditioned upon the continuing availability of
Congressional appropriations. Congress usually appropriates funds on a fiscal
year basis even though contract performance may take several years.
Consequently, at the outset of a major program, the contract is usually
incrementally funded and additional funds are normally committed to the contract
by the procuring agency as appropriations are made by Congress for future fiscal
years. Any failure of such agencies to continue to fund such contracts could
have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations
and financial condition.
FLUCTUATIONS IN RESULTS OF OPERATIONS. The Company has experienced and expects
to continue to experience significant fluctuations in quarterly and annual
revenues, gross margins and operating results. Factors that have contributed or
may contribute to these
9
<PAGE>
fluctuations include, among others: (i) varying demand for the Company's
products due to revisions in budgets or schedules for customer projects or
changes in demand for customers' products which incorporate or utilize the
Company's products, (ii) announcements by the Company or its competitors of the
development of new products or technologies, or the pricing or availability
thereof, that cause customers to defer or cancel purchases of the Company's
products, (iii) the timing and amount of revenues resulting from the complex and
lengthy procurement process of the Company's customers or sales cycles for the
Company's products, (iv) the delay, rescheduling or cancellation of purchase
orders from significant customers of any of the Company's core businesses, (v)
the failure by the Company to operate within budgeted contract costs for
purchase orders and/or production contracts received and accepted substantially
in advance of delivery, (vi) fluctuations in average selling prices for the
Company's products due to a number of factors, including product mix,
competition, customer demand for products and unit volumes, (vii) inability to
reduce fixed expenses in a timely manner should revenues not meet the Company's
expectations, (viii) expenses relating to acquisitions, (ix) usage of different
distribution and sales channels, (x) warranty and customer support expenses,
(xi) stage of completion of projects subject to milestone payments and (xii)
general economic and political conditions. All of the above factors are
difficult for the Company to forecast or control, and any of these or other
factors could materially adversely affect the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations from period to period. As a result, the
Company believes that period-to-period comparisons are not necessarily
meaningful and should not be relied upon as indications of future performance.
RAPID INDUSTRY CHANGE; TECHNOLOGICAL OBSOLESCENCE. The industries in which the
Company competes are characterized by rapid and continuous technological change.
Future technological changes in these industries or the availability of new
products could render the Company's products noncompetitive or obsolete. The
Company's success will depend in part upon the success of new product
introductions by the Company, which will be dependent upon several factors,
including timely completion and introduction of new product designs, achievement
of competitive product costs, establishment of close working relationships with
major customers and market acceptance of new products. There can be no assurance
that the Company will be successful in developing and introducing new products
that meet changing customer needs or respond to technological changes or
evolving industry standards in a timely manner, or at all, or that products or
technologies developed by others will not render the Company's products
noncompetitive or obsolete. The Company may experience delays from time to time
in completing the development and introduction of new products. There can be no
assurance that defects will not be found in the Company's products after
commencement of deliveries, which could result in the loss of or delay in market
acceptance. Any failure by the Company to respond to changing market
conditions, technological developments, evolving industry standards or changing
customer requirements, or the development of competing technologies or products
that render the Company's products noncompetitive or obsolete, could have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and
results of operations and could adversely affect the market value of Titan's
capital stock.
ABILITY TO COMMERCIALIZE NEW TECHNOLOGIES. Since 1991, the Company has sought
to leverage the technologies developed as part of its defense business into new
business opportunities. Accordingly, many of the Company's existing businesses,
such as medical product sterilization and food pasteurization, and new
businesses the Company is continuing to develop are at an early stage. As such,
the Company is subject to all the risks inherent in the operation of a start-up
venture, including the need to secure the funding required to operate and expand
these businesses, to develop and maintain marketing, sales and support
capabilities, to secure appropriate third-party manufacturing arrangements, to
respond to the rapid technological advances inherent in the markets for these
new technologies and, ultimately, to design and manufacture products or provide
services acceptable to buyers in its target markets. Certain of the Company's
new products, including products for which the Company has contracts for
delivery, are still in the testing stage. There can be no assurance that such
tests will be completed satisfactorily or that the Company will be able to
satisfy all of the requirements for
10
<PAGE>
delivery of and payment for these products. In addition, many of the
opportunities in the communications and sterilization businesses involve
projects with lengthy sales cycles. The Company's efforts to address these
risks have required, and will continue to require, significant expenditures and
dedicated management time and other resources. There can be no assurance that
the Company will be successful in addressing these risks or in commercializing
these new technologies. An inability to commercialize new technologies could
adversely affect the market value of the Company's Common Stock.
MARKET ACCEPTANCE OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES. Some of the Company's businesses are
attempting to commercialize new products or are attempting to develop new
markets for existing products, such as food pasteurization with the Company's
E-Beam sterilization process. Because these markets are relatively new, it is
difficult to predict whether these markets will develop or, if they develop, the
rate at which these markets will grow, if at all. If the markets for the
Company's new products or new markets for the Company's existing products fail
to develop, or develop more slowly than anticipated, this may cast doubt on the
Company's ability to implement its overall business strategy and materially
adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations and share value.
RISKS OF INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS; RISKS OF DOING BUSINESS IN DEVELOPING
COUNTRIES. Titan, through its Communications Systems segment, conducts
substantial business in foreign countries, particularly in the Pacific Rim.
No other segment of Titan's business engages in a significant amount of
business in the Pacific Rim. Titan generally denominates its foreign
contracts in U.S. dollars. As a result, the recent decline in the value of
certain foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar may result in consumers
in those countries having less buying power in general and could make certain
of Titan's communications products less affordable and thus reduce the demand
for such products. This risk is particularly sensitive, given the recent
currency devaluations in Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan and the Philippines,
countries in which Titan currently sells or intends to sell its
communications products. Furthermore, a precipitous decline in such foreign
currency values could result in certain of the Company's customers and local
subcontractors and partners refusing to perform their obligations under
contracts with the Company, the cancellation of projects from which the
Company expects to receive significant revenues, defaulting on accounts
receivable, and the loss of any investments by the Company to build
infrastructure or develop business in these countries. Accordingly, there
can be no assurance that a decline in the value of any one foreign currency
relative to the U.S. dollar will not have a material adverse effect on the
Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.
Additional risks inherent in the Company's international business activities
include various and changing regulatory requirements, costs and risks of
relying upon local subcontractors, increased sales and marketing and research
and development expenses, export restrictions and availability of export
licenses, tariffs and other trade barriers, political and economic
instability, difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations, longer
payment cycles, seasonal reduction in business activities, potentially
adverse tax laws, complex foreign laws and treaties and the potential for
difficulty in accounts receivable collection. Moreover, the risks of
engaging in business in Pacific Rim countries, and in particular Indonesia,
have recently increased due to instability in their governments. Any of
these factors could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
financial condition and results of operations. Certain of the Company's
customer purchase agreements are governed by foreign laws, which may differ
significantly from U.S. laws. Therefore, the Company may be limited in its
ability to enforce its rights under such agreements and to collect amounts
owing to the Company should any customer refuse to pay such amounts. In
addition, the Company is subject to the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the
"FCPA") which may place the Company at a competitive disadvantage to foreign
companies, which are not subject to the FCPA. There can be no assurance that
any of these factors will not have a material adverse effect on Titan's
business, financial condition and results of operations. Further, public
awareness of the risks associated with international operations may increase
the volatility of the market price of Titan capital stock. This potential of
volatility has been evidenced recently by stock market fluctuations
attributed to recent developments in Asia.
COMPETITION. The industries and markets in which the Company operates are
highly competitive, and the Company expects that competition will increase in
these markets. The Company's ability to compete in its markets depends to a
large extent on its ability to provide technologically advanced products and
services with shorter lead times and at lower prices than its competitors. All
of the Company's core businesses compete with numerous other companies,
including large domestic and international companies. Many of these companies
have far greater financial, engineering, technological, marketing, sales and
distribution and customer service resources than the Company. In addition, many
of these competitors have more experience in certain of the Company's targeted
markets. As a
11
<PAGE>
result, these competitors may be able to develop and expand their product lines
more quickly, adapt more swiftly to new or emerging technologies and changes in
customer requirements, take advantage of acquisition and other opportunities
more readily, and devote greater resources to the marketing and sale of their
products and services than the Company. In addition, current and potential
competitors in the Company's targeted markets have established or may establish
cooperative relationships among themselves or with third parties to improve the
performance, quality or functionality or to reduce the price of their products
and services. Accordingly, it is possible that new competitors or alliances
among competitors may emerge and rapidly acquire significant market share.
Increased competition is likely to result in price reductions, reduced profit
margins and loss of market share, any of which would have a material adverse
effect on the Company's business, results of operations and financial condition.
There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to compete successfully
against current or future competitors or that competitive pressures will not
have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition
and results of operations. Competition Pressures could also suppress the
market price of Titan capital stock.
RELIANCE ON STRATEGIC RELATIONSHIPS. The Company is and will continue to be
dependent on certain strategic partners for the development and expansion of
its core businesses. For instance, Titan's subsidiary Linkabit Wireless has
a strategic arrangement with its customer PT. Pasifik Satelit Nusantra
("PSN"). Pursuant to this relationship, Linkabit Wireless and PSN market
certain Linkabit Wireless products in countries already covered by PSN's
satellites, which efforts are geared toward increasing use of both companies'
products. See "Business-Communications Systems Segment."
There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to maintain its
existing strategic relationships that may be important to the Company's
business, that its strategic partners will continue to assist the Company by
developing and expanding its businesses or that such strategic partners in
the future will not actually compete with or enter into alliances with
companies that compete with the Company. The Company's failure to maintain
its existing alliances or to form additional alliances with partners in other
markets, or the preemption or disruption of such alliances by the actions of
the Company's competitors or otherwise, could adversely affect the Company's
ability to penetrate and compete successfully in emerging and other markets.
CUSTOMER CONCENTRATION WITHIN BUSINESS SEGMENTS. Certain of the Company's
business segments rely on a small number of customers for a large portion of
their revenues. For example, the U.S. Navy, with respect to the Company's
Mini-DAMA product, and the Federal Aviation Administration (the "FAA") represent
significant customers of the Company's Linkabit Wireless and Titan Software
subsidiaries, respectively. Although no single customer accounted for more than
10% of the Company's consolidated revenues in 1997, any one such customer's
product or services scheduled for delivery can represent a significant portion
of the potential revenues in a quarter for a particular subsidiary. As a
result, the operating results for certain business segments for particular
periods have in the past been and may in the future be materially adversely
affected by a delay, rescheduling or cancellation of even one purchase order.
The reduction, delay or cancellation of any order from a significant customer
could have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition and
results of operations of a particular subsidiary or the Company.
GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS. Several of the Company's products and the systems with
which they operate are subject to various government regulations. Regulatory
changes could significantly impact the Company's operations by restricting
development efforts by the Company's strategic partners or customers, making
current products obsolete or increasing the opportunity for additional
competition. For example, certain countries in which the Company's Linkabit
Wireless subsidiary intends to operate have telecommunications laws and
regulations that do not currently contemplate technical advances in
communications technology such as multi-function transmissions via satellite.
There can be no assurance that regulatory bodies will not impose new regulations
that could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations. In addition, in certain circumstances the
Company's strategic partners or customers must obtain various local approvals,
licenses and permits prior to the installation or use of the Company's products.
The regulatory schemes in each country are different and there may be instances
of noncompliance by the Company's strategic partners or customers. Changes in,
or the failure by the Company or its strategic partners or customers to comply
12
<PAGE>
with, applicable domestic and international regulations could have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations.
The Company's sterilization facilities are subject to regulation at the federal,
state and local levels. In particular, the Company's sterilization facilities
are subject to the requirements of the FDA when sterilizing medical devices or
drug packaging materials. In addition, if the Company were to begin
pasteurizing meat or poultry products, in addition to being subject to the FDA,
it would become subject to the requirements of the Food Safety and Inspection
Service of the United States Department of Agriculture (the "USDA"), which would
require preapproval of the pasteurization process for meat and poultry. Any
failure by the Company to obtain any required permits or approvals or to comply
with the regulations imposed by such agencies could limit the Company's ability
to operate in these markets.
The sale of the Company's products outside the United States is subject to
compliance with the United States Export Administration Regulations. The
absence of comparable restrictions on competitors in other countries may
adversely affect the Company's ability to compete in certain foreign markets.
DEPENDENCE UPON SUPPLIERS; SOLE AND LIMITED SOURCES OF SUPPLY. The Company's
internal manufacturing capacity is limited. Therefore, the Company utilizes
contract manufacturers to produce several of its products or components thereof.
Certain components and services necessary for the manufacture of certain of the
Company's products are obtained from a sole supplier or a limited group of
suppliers in connection with specific contracts and the Company does not carry
significant inventories or have long-term or exclusive supply contracts with
these suppliers. The Company's reliance on contract manufacturers and on sole
suppliers or a limited group of suppliers involves several risks, including a
potential inability to obtain an adequate supply of required components or
products, and reduced control over the price, delivery, reliability and quality
of finished products. If the Company were to change certain of its suppliers or
qualify additional suppliers for such components or products, the Company could
be required to negotiate acceptable arrangements with the new suppliers,
complete any required technology transfers or perform additional testing
procedures on the components or products manufactured by such new suppliers,
which could prevent or delay product shipments. Additionally, prices could
increase significantly in connection with changes of suppliers or if the Company
is required to manufacture such components or products internally. Any
inability to obtain timely deliveries of components or products or deliveries of
acceptable quality or any other circumstance that would require the Company to
seek alternative sources of supply, could delay the timely delivery of or raise
issues regarding the quality of such products, which could damage relationships
with current or prospective customers and have a material adverse effect on the
Company's business, financial condition and results of operations and
consequently, on the market value of Titan's capital stock.
LIMITED INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION; DEPENDENCE ON PROPRIETARY TECHNOLOGY.
The Company's ability to compete may depend, in part, on its ability to obtain
and enforce intellectual property protection for its technology in the United
States and internationally. The Company relies heavily on the technological and
creative skills of its personnel, new product developments, software programs
and designs, frequent product enhancements, reliable product support and
proprietary technological expertise in maintaining its competitive position, but
does not have significant patent protection for all of its products. The
Company relies on a combination of trade secrets, copyrights, patents,
trademarks, service marks and contractual rights to protect its intellectual
property. There can be no assurance that the steps taken by the Company to
protect its intellectual property will be adequate to deter misappropriation of
the Company's technology or to prevent others from independently developing or
acquiring substantially equivalent technologies or otherwise gaining access to
or disclosing the Company's proprietary and confidential technologies or that
the Company can ultimately enforce all of its rights to its proprietary
technologies. Further, the laws of certain foreign countries in which the
Company's products are or may be sold may not protect the Company's
13
<PAGE>
intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United
States. Any failure of the Company to obtain protection for its proprietary
technologies or inability of the Company to enforce any protection it obtains
for such technologies could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations.
Litigation may be necessary to enforce the Company's intellectual property
rights, to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others
or to defend against claims of infringement or misappropriation. Such
litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and
could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations. There can be no assurance that the
Company's products do not infringe the intellectual property rights of others or
that one or more parties will not make claims that the Company's products
infringe upon their proprietary rights or the rights of third parties. Such
claims might include infringement, right to use or ownership claims by third
parties or claims for indemnification resulting from infringement claims. If
any claims or actions are asserted against the Company, the Company may seek to
obtain a license under a third party's intellectual property rights. There can
be no assurance, however, that a license will be available under reasonable
terms or at all. In addition, should the Company decide to litigate such
claims, such litigation could be extremely expensive and time consuming and
could materially adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition
and results of operations, regardless of the outcome of the litigation. There
can be no assurance that the Company's intellectual property rights would
withstand the claims brought by others in such litigation. If the Company's
products are found to infringe upon the rights of third parties, the Company may
be prohibited from making and selling the infringing products, ordered to pay
monetary damages for past infringement and forced to incur substantial costs to
develop alternative products. There can be no assurance that the Company would
be able to develop such alternative products or that if such alternative
products were developed, they would perform as required or be accepted in the
applicable markets.
RISK OF BUDGET OVERRUNS IN FIXED PRICE CONTRACTS. Much of the Company's
revenues were derived from fixed-price contracts in 1997. The Company assumes
greater financial risk on fixed-price contracts than on either
time-and-materials or cost-reimbursement contracts. Profitability of
fixed-price contracts is subject to inherent uncertainties due to fluctuations
in the cost of performance. Cost overruns may be incurred as a result of
unforeseen obstacles, including unexpected problems encountered in engineering,
design and/or testing. Since the Company's businesses in certain of its
subsidiaries may at times be concentrated in a limited number of large
contracts, a significant cost overrun on any one contract could have a material
adverse effect on such subsidiary's business, financial condition and results of
operations. Failure to anticipate technical problems, estimate costs accurately
or control costs during performance of a fixed-price contract may reduce the
Company's overall or consolidated profit or cause a loss. Although management
believes that it adequately estimates costs for fixed-price contracts, no
assurance can be given that such estimates are adequate or that losses on
fixed-price contracts will not occur in the future. In the event significant
unexpected losses are recognized, the market price of Titan capital stock may
be adversely affected.
RELIANCE ON KEY PERSONNEL. The Company's success depends in large part upon its
ability to attract and retain highly qualified technical and management
personnel, including engineers and management personnel with security clearances
required for the Company's classified work and computer programmers proficient
in the C++ language. The loss of the services of any of these individuals or
group of individuals could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations. Most of the Company's
key personnel are not subject to employment or noncompetition agreements.
Competition for such personnel from other companies, academic institutions,
government entities and other organizations is intense. In addition, if the
Company is unable to successfully implement its strategy to spin-out its
subsidiaries into publicly-owned
14
<PAGE>
companies, or if the Company is otherwise unable to preserve the entrepreneurial
atmosphere it believes is essential to continuing growth and development, the
Company will likely face difficulty in recruiting and retaining the personnel
necessary to successfully commercialize its products and to further implement
its strategy. See "-- Ability to Implement Spin-Out Strategy." There can be no
assurance that the Company will be successful in hiring or retaining such key
personnel.
VOLATILITY OF STOCK PRICE. The Company believes that factors such as
developments related to the Company's business, technological innovations,
new products or product enhancements by the Company or its competitors,
developments in the Company's relationships with its customers, partners,
distributors and suppliers, fluctuations in results of operations,
significant economic, social and political changes in foreign countries where
any of the Company's subsidiaries do business, changes in analysts'
estimates, regulatory developments, and general conditions in the Company's
market or the markets served by the Company's customers or the economy, and
other factors described in these Risk Factors, could cause the price of the
Company's Common Stock to fluctuate, perhaps substantially. In addition, in
recent years the stock market in general, and the market price of the stock
of technology companies in particular, have been subject to significant
fluctuations, which have often been unrelated to the operating performance of
affected companies. Such fluctuations could adversely affect the market
price of the Company's Common Stock. Furthermore, since the Company intends
to pursue its strategy of spinning out certain of its subsidiaries, the
market price of the Company's Common Stock may be significantly affected by
trading of the shares of the Company's subsidiaries in the public markets.
There can be no assurance that the market price of the Common Stock will not
experience significant fluctuations in the future, including fluctuations
that are unrelated to the Company's performance.
IMPACT OF THE YEAR 2000 ISSUE. The Year 2000 issue is a problem created by the
fact that most computer software programs have been written using two digits
rather than four to represent a specific year. Any of the Company's computer
programs that have date-sensitive software may recognize a date using "00" as
the year 1900 rather than the year 2000. This could result in a system failure
or miscalculation causing disruptions of operations, including, among other
things, a temporary inability to process transactions, send invoices or engage
in similar normal business activities.
Based on a recent assessment, the Company has determined that it will be
required to modify or replace certain portions of its software so that its
computer systems will properly utilize dates beyond December 31, 1999. The
Company presently believes that with modifications to existing software and
conversions to new software, the Year 2000 issue can be mitigated, primarily by
utilizing the Company's internal resources to reprogram, replace and test the
software for Year 2000 modifications. However, if such modifications and
conversions are not made, or are not completed on a timely basis, the Year 2000
issue could have a material adverse impact on the operations of the Company.
The Company has not yet fully assessed the nature, extent and timing of the year
2000 project, therefore, the total cost of the project cannot be reasonably
estimated at this time. The Company, however, is committed to completion of the
project by no later than mid 1999. Estimates with respect to the costs of the
project and the date on which the Company plans to complete the Year 2000
modifications will be derived utilizing numerous assumptions of future events,
including the continued availability of certain internal resources. However,
there can be no assurance that these estimates will be achieved and actual
results could differ materially from those plans. Specific factors that might
cause such material differences include, but are not limited to, the
availability and cost of personnel trained in this area, the ability to locate
and correct all relevant computer codes, and similar uncertainties.
The Company plans to maintain communications with all of its significant
suppliers and large customers to determine the extent to which the Company is
vulnerable to those third parties' failure to remediate their own Year 2000
issue. There can be no assurance that the systems of other companies will be
timely converted, or that a failure to convert by
15
<PAGE>
another company, or a conversion that is incompatible with the Company's
systems, would not have a material adverse effect on the Company.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
The Company's operations occupy approximately 674,500 square feet of space
located throughout the United States. The large majority of the space is office
space. Substantially all of the Company's facilities are leased. For lease
commitment information, reference is made to Note 9 to the accompanying
financial statements.
It is management's policy to maintain the Company's facilities and equipment in
good condition and at a high level of efficiency. Existing facilities are
considered to be generally suitable and adequate for the Company's present
needs. Substantially all of the machinery and equipment employed by Titan in
its business is owned by the Company.
The locations of the principal operating facilities of the Company and its
consolidated subsidiaries at the end of 1997 were as follows:
Communications Systems Software Systems
---------------------- ----------------
San Diego, California San Diego, California
Reston, Virginia
Washington, D.C.
Colorado Springs, Colorado
Tampa, Florida
Dallas, Texas
Information Technologies Dublin California
------------------------
Reston, Virginia
Norfolk, Virginia Medical Sterilization and
Hanover, Maryland -------------------------
San Leandro, California Food Pasteurization
Vallejo, California -------------------
San Diego, California San Diego, California
Heathrow, Florida Denver, Colorado
Denver, Colorado Dublin, California
Westborough, Massachusetts
Akron, Ohio
Huntsville, Alabama Emerging Technologies and Businesses
Niantic, Connecticut ------------------------------------
Chatsworth, California Tempe, Arizona
Albuquerque, New Mexico Phoenix, Arizona
Middleton, Rhode Island San Diego, California
National City, California Dublin, California
Port Huenome, California Richmond, Virginia
Gates Ferry, Connecticut Albuquerque, New Mexico
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
In the ordinary course of business, defense contractors are subject to many
levels of audit and investigation by various government agencies. Further, the
Company and its subsidiaries are subject to claims and from time-to-time are
named as defendants in legal proceedings. In the opinion of management, the
amount of ultimate liability with respect to these actions will not materially
affect the financial position or results of operations of the Company.
The Company is involved in appeals of the judgments resulting from the trials of
two separate lawsuits filed by former employees claiming, among other things,
wrongful termination and discrimination. The Company intends to vigorously
pursue and defend against the appeals of these cases. While it is not feasible
to predict the outcome of
16
<PAGE>
these cases, management believes that their ultimate disposition will not have a
material adverse effect on the financial position or results of operations of
the Company.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS
The Company's common stock and cumulative convertible preferred stock are traded
on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE"). As of February 9, 1998, there were
approximately 3,236 holders of record of the Company's common stock and 687
holders of record of the Company's preferred stock, excluding beneficial owners
of shares held in the names of brokers or other nominees. The closing prices
for the common and preferred stock on the New York Stock Exchange as of February
9, 1998, were $6.00 and $12.75, respectively. The quarterly market price ranges
for the Company's common and preferred stock on the New York Stock Exchange in
1997 and 1996 were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Common Stock 1997 1996
-------------- --------------
Fiscal Quarter High Low High Low
-------------- ---- --- ---- ---
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
First $ 3.75 $2.88 $7.38 $6.00
Second 4.38 2.88 7.13 5.50
Third 7.31 4.44 5.63 3.63
Fourth 8.19 5.34 4.38 2.50
<CAPTION>
Cumulative Convertible
Preferred Stock 1997 1996
--------------- ---------------
Fiscal Quarter High Low High Low
-------------- ---- --- ---- ---
First $11.75 $10.57 $12.63 $12.00
Second 12.50 10.13 12.13 11.38
Third 13.25 12.38 11.50 10.88
Fourth 13.69 12.38 10.88 10.00
</TABLE>
No dividends were paid on the Company's common stock in 1997 or 1996. Regular
quarterly dividends of $.25 per share were paid on the cumulative convertible
preferred stock in both years.
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<PAGE>
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA* (in thousands of dollars, except per share
data)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996 1995 1994 1993
---- ---- ---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Operating Results:
Revenues $171,186 $135,484 $131,535 $136,206 $149,414
Income (loss) from continuing
operations 5,508 264 (1,835) 7,131 (7,906)
Income (loss) from continuing
operations per common share:
Basic .29 (.03) (.19) .50 (.73)
Diluted .26 (.03) (.19) .48 (.73)
Financial Position:
Cash and cash equivalents 1,248 2,052 5,833 5,129 5,374
Total assets 138,147 126,274 94,463 81,184 93,214
Long-term debt 37,310 40,071 4,281 765 --
Redeemable preferred stock 3,000 3,000 -- -- --
Stockholders' equity 53,352 46,645 38,639 38,768 29,321
Preferred dividends 875 803 695 695 695
</TABLE>
*1993 through 1996 have been restated to reflect the discontinuance of the
Company's broadband communications business in 1997.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND
FINANCIAL CONDITION (The following should be read in conjunction
with the consolidated financial statements and related notes. Dollar
amounts are expressed in thousands.)
COMPANY OVERVIEW
Titan provides state-of-the-art information technology and electronic systems
and services to commercial and government customers. These systems and services
enable Titan's customers to cost-effectively generate, digitize, process,
compress, transmit, store or distribute information in a timely manner. Titan
operates its business primarily through subsidiaries that are focused on
targeted markets and/or technologies. In 1991, the Company implemented a
market-driven strategy to leverage the technologies and expertise developed
through its defense businesses into targeted commercial markets. Initially, the
Company made the investments necessary to commercialize its core technologies.
A substantial portion of the Company's revenues is dependent upon continued
funding of U.S. and allied government agencies as well as continued funding of
the programs targeted by the Company's businesses. For the years ended December
31, 1997, 1996 and 1995, U.S. government business represented approximately 72%,
76% and 62% of the Company's revenues, respectively. U.S. defense budgets and
the budgets of other government agencies have been declining in real terms since
the mid-1980's, and may continue to do so in the future. Any significant
reductions in the funding of U.S. government agencies or in the funding areas
targeted by the Company's businesses could materially and adversely affect the
Company's business, results of operations and financial condition.
Several of the Company's businesses conduct substantial business in foreign
countries, primarily within Asia. The Company generally denominates its foreign
contracts in U.S. dollars, and the Company believes that its global competitors
follow similar business practices. Accordingly, the Company does not believe
that foreign currency fluctuations will have a material adverse impact on its
ability to compete with these competitors in these markets. Foreign currency
fluctuations could, however, make the Company's products less affordable and
thus reduce the demand for such products. Titan attempts to mitigate
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<PAGE>
credit risk relative to sales to foreign customers through its policy of
generally requiring payment in the form of stand-by letters of credit, advance
deposits or wire transfers prior to shipment.
In the fourth quarter of 1997, the Company realigned certain operations within
its segments and added a fifth segment to better position these operations for
strategic transactions pursuant to the Company's corporate strategy. Titan now
groups its businesses into four core business segments--Communications Systems,
Software Systems, Information Technologies, and Medical Sterilization and Food
Pasteurization--and a fifth business segment, Emerging Technologies and
Businesses. This realignment conforms to the provisions of Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 131, "Disclosures about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information." All segment data for prior years have been
restated to conform to the 1997 presentation.
Throughout 1997, the Company closely followed its well-defined strategy designed
to create value for Titan's shareholders, and positioned itself to continue
successfully executing this strategy in the future. Titan expanded and improved
upon its existing products and services in each of its five business segments
and continued to successfully leverage its technologies and expertise into
additional targeted markets.
In December 1997, the Company filed a registration statement with the Securities
and Exchange Commission ("SEC") in connection with a proposed public offering of
approximately 26% of its Linkabit Wireless, Inc. ("Linkabit Wireless") common
stock. Linkabit Wireless, which constitutes Titan's Communications Systems
segment, develops and produces advanced satellite ground terminals, satellite
voice/data modems, networking systems and other products used to provide
bandwidth-efficient communications for commercial and government customers. Its
market-driven product development efforts have resulted in products which are
particularly well-suited for rural telephony and secure defense communications.
There can be no assurance that the proposed public offering will be consummated
and declared effective.
In 1997, Linkabit Wireless successfully completed its initial contract with
PT. Pasifik Satelit Nusantara (PSN) to deliver 2,000 rural telephony
terminals, was awarded a $27 million purchase agreement for delivery of an
additional 10,000 Xpress Connection terminals to PSN, and was awarded a
subcontract from Alcatel Telspace ("Alcatel") to participate in a consortium
formed to supply the ground segment for the Multi Media Asia Satellite
Telecommunications System. The Company is continually assessing the impact
of the recent events in Asia, including the currency devaluation in
Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan and the Philippines on its Communications Systems
Segment. The Company believes that recent events in Asia will not have a
material impact on other segments of the Company's business because the
Company does not engage in a significant amount of business in the Pacific
Rim in any segment other than its Communications Systems Segment. Linkabit
Wireless also received an $8.2 million production option to its ongoing Navy
contract for Mini-DAMA UHF satellite communications terminals and, in
December 1997, achieved U.S. Navy certification for its Mini-DAMA products.
Through Linkabit Wireless, Titan's Communications Systems segment also
expanded the number of its strategic relationships, and the breadth of such
relationships, which now include Motorola, Alcatel and PSN.
Titan's Software Systems segment continued to diversify its customer base and
significantly improved its operating performance in 1997. Software Systems is a
systems integrator that provides system integration services and solutions for
commercial and non-defense government clients with distributed computing
environments. The services provided in this business include systems
integration, business process re-engineering, data warehousing and database
administration, client/server application development, Year 2000 solutions, and
intranet/internet infrastructure design and development.
During 1997, an operating entity in the Software Systems segment was awarded
master service agreements to provide a complete menu of Year 2000 services for
four domestic telecommunications companies. A contract for the design and
installation of a fully integrated back-up system for the Federal Aviation
Administration ("FAA") is nearing successful completion, and efforts to increase
activities with the FAA have shown positive results.
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<PAGE>
This segment's customer base expanded throughout the year. Its revenues,
however, continue to be dependent on a limited number of customers, and the
recruitment of specially qualified software engineers and software code writers
continues to be a challenge.
Record revenues and operating profits were achieved by Titan's Information
Technologies segment in 1997. This segment provides information systems
solutions primarily to government customers with large data management,
information manipulation, information fusion, knowledge-based systems, and
communications requirements. This segment also supports high priority
government programs by providing system integration, information systems
engineering services, development of systems and specialized products, as well
as systems research, development and prototyping. Other services provided
include research and development under government funded contracts for the
Department of Defense (DoD) and other customers.
During 1997, operating entities in the Information Technologies segment were
awarded four contracts with an aggregate potential value exceeding $145 million.
These contracts provide for communications systems integration, engineering and
technical support services for the U.S. government over a five-year period.
Titan plans to further support this segment's growth through active
participation in the on-going defense industry consolidation, taking advantage
of synergistic acquisition opportunities. In January 1998, Titan entered into a
definitive merger agreement with DBA Systems, Inc. ("DBA"), a defense contractor
specializing in imaging and electro-optical systems. If approved by both Titan
and DBA shareholders, DBA will be merged into the Information Technologies
segment.
Titan's Medical Sterilization and Food Pasteurization segment achieved record
revenues and significantly improved its operating performance during 1997. This
segment currently provides medical product sterilization services at two Titan
facilities and manufactures and sells turnkey electron beam sterilization and
food pasteurization systems to customers for use in their own facilities.
1997 operating results for this segment include the sale of an in-house
sterilization system to Baxter Healthcare as well as the design and
near-complete installation of a compact turnkey sterilization system to Guidant
Corporation. More than a dozen new customers for medical product sterilization
services were added to this segment's customer base during 1997, and, at
December 31, 1997, each of its two facilities achieved record utilization
levels.
The Emerging Technologies and Businesses segment experienced a decline in
revenues and approximately break even operating results in 1997. Revenues and
profitability can vary widely in this segment as a result of both the number of
business ventures within this segment and their start-up nature. This segment
applies Titan's proprietary knowledge and core competencies to industrial and
commercial opportunities. Titan views this segment as an incubator for
potential new businesses which can be developed with minimal Titan investment by
leveraging off of market resources and capital to develop products and bring
them to market. Titan's strategy is to ultimately maintain less than a majority
interest in these businesses, thereby reducing financial risk while maintaining
the ability to achieve a significant return on these investments. During 1997,
Titan spun-off a majority interest in an emerging technologies business which
has developed an internet software product which significantly reduces server
bottlenecks. One Emerging Technologies operating entity was awarded several
contracts to provide specialized system integration. Titan believes that it
will continue to generate valuable technology in this segment and plans to
pursue development and licensing of these technologies, joint ventures,
spin-offs, and other transactions which may ultimately add value to Titan
shareholders.
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OPERATING RESULTS
The table below sets forth Titan's operating results for each of the three years
in the period ended December 31, 1997:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996 (1) 1995 (1)
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues $ 171,186 $ 135,484 $ 131,535
Operating profit (loss) 13,729 3,361 (1,358)
Interest expense, net 5,041 2,961 1,059
Income (loss) from continuing
operations, before income taxes 8,688 400 (2,417)
Income tax provision (benefit) 3,180 136 (582)
Loss from discontinued operation, net (343) (3,642) (1,972)
Net income (loss) 5,165 (3,378) (3,807)
</TABLE>
(1) RESTATED TO REFLECT THE APRIL 1997 DISCONTINUANCE OF THE OPERATIONS OF
TITAN'S BROADBAND DIVISION.
The following table sets forth, as a percentage of total revenues, certain
operations data for the periods indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996 1995
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Operating profit (loss) 8.0 2.5 (1.0)
Interest expense, net 3.0 2.2 0.8
Income (loss) from continuing
operations, before income taxes 5.0 0.3 (1.8)
Income tax provision (benefit) 1.8 0.1 (0.4)
Loss from discontinued operation, net (0.2) (2.7) (1.5)
Net income (loss) 3.0 (2.5) (2.9)
</TABLE>
As noted above, Titan's consolidated revenues were $171,186, $135,484 and
$131,535 in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. Increased revenues were reported
in the Communications Systems, Information Technologies, and Medical
Sterilization and Food Pasteurization segments in 1997. Revenue growth in 1997
was primarily attributable to increased deliveries of rural telephony units and
Mini-DAMA units in the Communications Systems segment, and from the revenues
generated by Eldyne and Unidyne, which were acquired in May 1996 in the
Information Technologies segment.
Titan's consolidated operating profit (loss) has been significantly impacted by
a number of factors in each of the three years shown above. The primary factor
in the lower performance in operations for 1996 and 1995 compared to 1997 was
the Company's continuing investment in and funding of its commercial ventures.
Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses were $19,826, $21,086 and
$22,580 in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The 1997 and 1996 decreases in
both absolute dollars and as a percentage of revenues reflect cost cutting
efforts, economies of scale and efficiencies that have been achieved. Since
1996, the Company has taken actions to reduce administrative costs commensurate
with changes in revenue volumes. Most notably, reductions were made in the
Software Systems segment in 1996 when revenues were significantly impacted by
reduced demand from a major telecommunications customer. In addition, the
Company eliminated many duplicate functions and costs as part of its process of
integrating the Eldyne and Unidyne businesses. In early 1997, the Company
implemented a reengineering process of its administrative functions. This
reengineering focused on the elimination of redundancies, resulting in increased
efficiencies and reduced infrastructures, and ultimately resulted in reduced
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costs. The Company intends to continue this process though 1998. As such,
general and administrative expenses are not expected to increase as a percentage
of revenues in 1998.
Research and development ("R&D") expenses were $5,501, $3,152 and $4,782, in
1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively, primarily reflecting the significant
development of satellite communications products in the Company's Communications
Systems segment. An increased level of R&D spending in 1997 was planned, though
not at the magnitude incurred, as certain development and certification efforts
in Linkabit Wireless took longer than expected to complete. The level of R&D
expense incurred, though anticipated to remain significant, is expected to
decrease as a percentage of revenues in 1998 as demand increases for existing
developed products.
Net interest expense has increased over the three-year period ended December 31,
1997, primarily as a direct result of the level of the Company's borrowings. In
1997, the principal component of interest expense is related to the convertible
subordinated debentures issued by the Company in November 1996. In 1996 and
1995, the principal component of interest expense is related to the Company's
borrowings under its bank lines of credit. Borrowings from the Company's bank
lines of credit averaged $10,803, $12,315 and $6,400 at weighted average
interest rates of 8.1%, 8.2% and 8.8% during 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively.
Also included in interest expense is interest on the Company's deferred
compensation and retiree medical obligations. Interest expense related to these
items was $767, $801 and $726 for 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively.
Income taxes reflect effective rates of 37%, 34% and 24% in 1997, 1996 and 1995,
respectively. The difference between the actual provision and the effective
rate (based on the United States statutory tax rate) in 1997 was due primarily
to state income taxes, whereas in 1995, the difference was due to the
alternative minimum tax and to certain permanent differences between financial
statement income and taxable income. The Company expects its effective income
tax rate to remain stable in the foreseeable future.
Early in 1997, the Company announced its decision to divest its broadband
communications business in order to focus on businesses that are better aligned
with the Company's available resources and offer a greater opportunity to add
stockholder value. At that time the Company took actions to significantly
reduce the broadband communications business operating costs. Revenues for the
broadband communications business were $551, $2,238 and $2,432 in 1997, 1996 and
1995, respectively. Included in the loss from discontinued operation is a tax
benefit of $177, $1,876 and $625 for 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The
Company deferred losses from the discontinued operation of $9,271 in 1997, which
primarily represented amortization costs of intangible assets, and to a lesser
degree, wind-down costs of the business. The Company continues to identify
potential strategic investors for the broadband communications business. To
date Titan has identified several potential strategic investors and is
presently involved in negotiations while it continues to search for others.
Management does not anticipate that the ultimate disposition of the broadband
communications business will have a material impact on Titan's financial
statements.
COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS
Revenues in this segment were $48,980, $27,850 and $25,506 in 1997, 1996 and
1995, respectively. Revenues increased over 75% in 1997 from 1996, primarily
reflecting the fulfillment of the Company's initial contract for Xpress
Connection units with PSN, increased market acceptance for certain of the
Company's modem and networking products, and an increase in deliveries of
Mini-DAMA, LSM-1000 and the LST-5D products. Revenues increased slightly from
1995 to 1996, primarily as a result of growth in defense related production
contracts, mostly associated with the Company's Mini-DAMA and other defense
communications products.
Segment operating income was $1,074 in 1997 compared to operating losses of
$4,187 and $578 in 1996 and 1995, respectively. Operating income was achieved in
1997 primarily due to increased revenue volume. Despite an increase in SG&A
and R&D expenses on an absolute dollar basis, these costs decreased as a
percentage of revenues. The operating losses in
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1996 compared to 1995 reflect the ramp up of operations in this segment,
including the addition of sales, marketing and customer service personnel
required to support the revenue growth. R&D efforts increased in 1997 as the
business completed development and certification of certain products. In
addition, R&D expenses increased from 1995 to 1996, reflecting the increased
labor and related costs associated with the ongoing development of the
Mini-DAMA, Xpress Connection and other products during the period. Revenues and
operating profit for 1995 included approximately $1,400 received in settlement
of a termination for convenience claim with the U.S. Government for work
performed in prior years.
SOFTWARE SYSTEMS
Revenues in this segment were $17,374, $18,505 and $33,175 in 1997, 1996 and
1995, respectively. One federal agency accounted for approximately $8,900 of
this segment's revenue in 1997, $6,800 in 1996, and $4,600 in 1995, and one
telecommunications customer accounted for approximately $4,500 of this segment's
revenue in 1997, $8,300 in 1996 and $24,500 in 1995. In the second half of
1995, this segment experienced reduced demand from the aforementioned
telecommunications customer. This trend continued in 1996 and 1997, resulting
in an overall revenue decline. Reduced revenues from this customer in 1997 were
substantially offset by revenues from several new and existing customers. During
1997, significant efforts were made to diversify this segment's customer base so
that operating performance will become less dependent on a few customers.
Segment operating income was $4,580 in 1997 compared to an operating loss of
$137 in 1996, and operating income of $3,803 in 1995. The 1997 results reflect
the impact of cost reductions achieved, offset somewhat by additional costs
associated with a negotiated conclusion of certain contracts. The 1996 operating
loss was due primarily to reduced sales from the previously mentioned
telecommunications customer, the timing of corresponding decreases in SG&A, and
additional costs associated with the aforementioned contract conclusion.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
Revenues in this segment were $88,225, $74,404, and $60,791 for 1997, 1996 and
1995, respectively. The increase in 1997 reflects a full year's results from
Eldyne and Unidyne, which were acquired in May 1996, offset partially by the
loss of revenue from a division sold in mid 1996 and the wind-down of work
subcontracted to the buyer of a business unit sold in April 1994. These
subcontracted revenues amounted to $300, $6,100 and $18,300, in 1997, 1996 and
1995, respectively. The increase in revenues from 1995 to 1996 reflects the
revenues of $31,700 generated from the acquired companies Eldyne and Unidyne,
offset by the decline in subcontract revenue and loss of revenue from the
division sold in mid 1996 as noted above.
Segment operating income in 1997 was $8,771, compared to $7,639 in 1996, and
$2,271 in 1995. The increases in 1997 and 1996 are primarily attributable to the
revenue growth discussed previously. No operating income was recognized on the
above mentioned subcontract revenue for any period presented. Furthermore, 1997
and 1996 revenues and operating income include certain non-recurring credits
resulting from the reevaluation of estimates of contract costs based upon
favorable developments with certain government audit agencies, as well as
changes in the carrying value of assets being disposed of.
MEDICAL STERILIZATION AND FOOD PASTEURIZATION
Revenues in this segment were $5,983, $2,818 and $3,459 in 1997, 1996 and 1995,
respectively. The increase in 1997 was directly related to increased processing
of medical products at the Company's two facilities, and to sales of the
Company's turnkey sterilization systems to Guidant Corporation and Baxter
Medical.
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Segment operating income increased to $189, compared to operating losses of
$1,080 in 1996 and $1,340 in 1995. The achievement of operating income is
directly related to the increase in revenues mentioned above.
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND BUSINESSES
Revenues in this segment were $10,624, $11,907 and $8,604 in 1997, 1996 and
1995, respectively. The decrease in 1997 was primarily due to the completion of
certain contracts in the Company's linear electron accelerator and environmental
consulting businesses, offset partially by the inclusion of a full year's
revenues generated from a division acquired in May 1996. The revenue growth in
1996 compared to 1995 primarily reflects the impact of the division acquired in
1996.
Segment operating loss was $25 in 1997, compared to operating income of $964 in
1996 and $151 in 1995. The change in operating results reflects the fluctuation
in revenue volume, combined with reduced margins in this segment's various
businesses.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
During 1997, Titan used $1,793 cash for its continuing operations operating
requirements. Significant cash uses included increases in receivables and
inventories of $8,555 and $2,453, respectively, principally related to
commercial rural telephony products and to government satellite communications
products. Additional funding requirements included restructuring activities of
$815 and liabilities of continuing operations of $4,410, which included
approximately $1,500 in payments of certain accrued costs related to the
Company's acquisition of Eldyne and Unidyne in 1996. Additionally, $5,573 of
cash was used by discontinued operations.
Cash was provided primarily by the Company's line of credit ($12,350). In May
1997, the Company completed an agreement with Sumitomo Bank of California and
Imperial Bank for a $24,000 line of credit maturing May 31, 1998, amending and
replacing the previous $14,000 line with Sumitomo Bank, and replacing the
existing line of credit with Crestar Bank. The Company has the option to borrow
at a bank prime rate or at LIBOR plus 2%. As of December 31, 1997, there was
$12,350 of borrowings outstanding under this agreement, at a weighted average
interest rate of 8.02%. The Company also had commitments under letters of
credit under this agreement of $1,368, which reduced availability under the line
of credit to $10,282. On May 23, 1997, the Company repaid in full the line of
credit agreement and equipment note with Crestar Bank. A mortgage note with a
balance of $1,196 at December 31, 1997, remains outstanding with Crestar Bank.
At December 31, 1997 the Company was in compliance with all financial covenants
under its various debt agreements.
Funding for the advancement of the Company's strategic goals, including
continued investment in targeted commercial businesses and start-up ventures, is
expected to continue in 1998. The Company plans to finance these requirements
from a combination of sources, which include cash generation from the Company's
core businesses and continuation and expansion of the Company's bank line of
credit. The Company is negotiating to extend its current line of credit past its
expiration date of May 1998. Furthermore, the Company anticipates selling its
broadband communications business in 1998, and is also exploring several equity
alternatives as potential sources of capital. As previously noted, one of
Titan's primary strategies is the funding of growth in specific subsidiaries
through spin-out transactions. If Titan is unable to implement this strategy,
whether in whole or in part, then the Company may need to complete additional
equity or debt financings to fund the continued expansion of its operations and
potential acquisitions of new technologies. Any additional equity or
convertible debt financings could, however, result in substantial dilution to
the Company's stockholders. Management is continually monitoring and
reevaluating its level of investment in all of its operations and the financing
sources available to achieve the Company's goals in each business area.
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<PAGE>
FORWARD LOOKING INFORMATION: CERTAIN CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS
Certain statements contained in this Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Results of Operations and Financial Condition that are not related to historical
results are forward looking statements. Actual results may differ materially
from those stated or implied in the forward looking statements. Further,
certain forward looking statements are based upon assumptions of future events
which may not prove to be accurate.
DEPENDENCE ON GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS. A substantial portion of the Company's
revenues are dependent upon continued funding of U.S. and allied government
agencies as well as continued funding of the programs targeted by the
Company's businesses. U.S. defense budgets and the budgets of other
government agencies have been declining in real terms since the mid-1980's,
and may continue to do so in the future. Any significant reductions in the
funding of U.S government agencies or in the funding areas targeted by the
Company's businesses could materially and adversely affect the Company's
business, results of operations and financial condition.
ABILITY TO COMMERCIALIZE NEW TECHNOLOGIES. Since 1991, the Company has
sought to leverage the technologies developed as part of its defense business
into new business opportunities. Accordingly, many of the Company's existing
businesses, such as medical product sterilization and food pasteurization,
and new businesses the Company is continuing to develop are at an early
stage. As such, the Company is subject to all the risks inherent in the
operation of a start-up venture, including the need to secure the funding
required to operate and expand these businesses, to develop and maintain
marketing, sales and support capabilities, to secure appropriate third-party
manufacturing arrangements, to respond to the rapid technological advances
inherent in the markets for these new technologies and, ultimately, to design
and manufacture products or provide services acceptable to buyers in its
target markets. Certain of the Company's new products, including products
for which the Company has contracts for delivery, are still in the testing
stage. There can be no assurance that such tests will be completed
satisfactorily or that the Company will be able to satisfy all of the
requirements for delivery of and payment for these products. In addition,
many of the opportunities in the communications and sterilization businesses
involve projects with lengthy sales cycles. The Company's efforts to address
these risks have required, and will continue to require, significant
expenditures and dedicated management time and other resources. There can be
no assurance that the Company will be successful in addressing these risks or
in commercializing these new technologies.
RISKS OF INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS. Several of the Company's businesses,
including Linkabit Wireless, conduct substantial business in foreign
countries. The Company generally denominates its foreign contracts in U.S.
dollars, and the Company believes that its global competitors follow similar
business practices. Accordingly, the Company does not believe that foreign
currency fluctuations will have a material adverse impact on its ability to
compete with these competitors in these markets. Foreign currency
fluctuations could, however, make the Company's products less affordable and
thus reduce the demand for such products. Furthermore, a precipitous decline
in such foreign currency values could result in certain of the Company's
customers and local subcontractors and partners refusing to perform their
obligations under contracts with the Company, the cancellation of projects
from which the Company expects to receive significant revenues, defaulting on
accounts receivable, and the loss of any investments by the Company to build
infrastructure or develop business in these countries. Accordingly, there
can be no assurance that a decline in the value of any one foreign currency
relative to the U.S. dollar will not have a material adverse effect on the
Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.
Additional risks inherent in the Company's international business activities
include various and changing regulatory requirements, costs and risks of
relying upon local subcontractors, increased sales and marketing and research
and development expenses, export restrictions and availability of export
licenses, tariffs and other trade barriers, political and economic
instability,
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<PAGE>
difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations, longer payment
cycles, seasonal reduction in business activities, potentially adverse tax
laws, complex foreign laws and treaties and the potential for difficulty in
accounts receivable collection. Any of these factors could have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations. Certain of the Company's customer purchase agreements are
governed by foreign laws, which may differ significantly from U.S. laws.
Therefore, the Company may be limited in its ability to enforce its rights
under such agreements and to collect amounts owing to the Company should any
customer refuse to pay such amounts. In addition, the Company is subject to
the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the "FCPA") which may place the Company at
a competitive disadvantage to foreign companies, which are not subject to the
FCPA.
IMPACT OF THE YEAR 2000 ISSUE. The Year 2000 issue is a problem created by
the fact that most computer software programs have been written using two
digits rather than four to represent a specific year. Any of the Company's
computer programs that have date-sensitive software may recognize a date
using "00" as the year 1900 rather than the year 2000. This could result in
a system failure or miscalculation causing disruptions of operations,
including, among other things, a temporary inability to process transactions,
send invoices or engage in similar normal business activities.
Based on a recent assessment, the Company has determined that it will be
required to modify or replace certain portions of its software so that its
computer systems will properly utilize dates beyond December 31, 1999. The
Company presently believes that with modifications to existing software and
conversions to new software, the Year 2000 issue can be mitigated, primarily
by utilizing the Company's internal resources to reprogram, replace and test
the software for Year 2000 modifications. However, if such modifications and
conversions are not made, or are not completed on a timely basis, the Year
2000 issue could have a material adverse impact on the operations of the
Company. There also can be no assurance that the systems of other companies
on which the Company's systems rely will be timely converted or that any such
failure to convert by another company would not have an adverse effect on the
Company's systems. The Company has not yet fully assessed the nature, extent
and timing of the year 2000 project, therefore, the total cost of the project
cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. The Company, however, is
committed to completion of the project no later than mid 1999.
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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Page
----
Report of Independent Public Accountants............................... 28
Financial Statements
Consolidated Statements of Operations............................... 29
Consolidated Balance Sheets......................................... 30
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows............................... 31
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity..................... 32
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.......................... 33-47
SUPPORTING FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE COVERED BY THE FOREGOING REPORT OF
INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS:
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts........................ 55
27
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
TO THE TITAN CORPORATION:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of The Titan
Corporation (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1997
and 1996, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders'
equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December
31, 1997. These financial statements and the schedule referred to below are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the financial position of The Titan Corporation and
subsidiaries as of December 31, 1997 and 1996, and the results of their
operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 1997 in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
Our audits were made for the purpose of forming an opinion on the basic
financial statements taken as a whole. The schedule listed in the index to
financial statements is presented for purposes of complying with the Securities
and Exchange Commission's rules and is not part of the basic financial
statements. This schedule has been subjected to the auditing procedures applied
in the audit of the basic financial statements and, in our opinion, fairly
states in all material respects the financial data required to be set forth
therein in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole.
ARTHUR ANDERSEN LLP
San Diego, California
January 19, 1998
28
<PAGE>
THE TITAN CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For the years ended December 31,
-------------------------------
1997 1996 1995
-------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues $171,186 $135,484 $131,535
------- ------- -------
Costs and expenses:
Cost of revenues 132,130 107,885 99,282
Selling, general and administrative expense 19,826 21,086 22,580
Research and development expense 5,501 3,152 4,782
Restructuring and other expense, net -- -- 6,249
------- ------- -------
Total costs and expenses 157,457 132,123 132,893
------- ------- -------
Operating profit (loss) 13,729 3,361 (1,358)
Interest expense (5,080) (3,026) (1,154)
Interest income 39 65 95
------- ------- -------
Income (loss) from continuing operations
before income taxes 8,688 400 (2,417)
Income tax provision (benefit) 3,180 136 (582)
------- ------- -------
Income (loss) from continuing operations 5,508 264 (1,835)
Loss from discontinued operation, net of taxes (343) (3,642) (1,972)
------- ------- -------
Net income (loss) 5,165 (3,378) (3,807)
Dividend requirements on preferred stock (875) (803) (695)
------- ------- -------
Net income (loss) applicable to common stock $ 4,290 $ (4,181) $ (4,502)
------- ------- -------
------- ------- -------
Basic earnings per share:
Income (loss) from continuing operations $ .29 $ (.03) $ (.19)
Loss from discontinued operation (.02) (.24) (.14)
------- ------- -------
Net income (loss) $ .27 $ (.27) $ (.33)
------- ------- -------
------- ------- -------
Weighted average shares 16,187 15,278 13,445
------- ------- -------
------- ------- -------
Diluted earnings per share:
Income (loss) from continuing operations $ .26 $ (.03) $ (.19)
Loss from discontinued operation (.01) (.24) (.14)
------- ------- -------
Net income (loss) $ .25 $ (.27) $ (.33)
------- ------- -------
------- ------- -------
Weighted average shares 21,396 15,278 13,445
------- ------- -------
------- ------- -------
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
29
<PAGE>
THE TITAN CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands of dollars, except shares and per share amounts)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
As of December 31,
------------------
1997 1996
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 1,248 $ 2,052
Accounts receivable - net 54,275 45,720
Inventories 14,772 12,419
Net assets of discontinued operation 11,512 1,304
Prepaid expenses and other 2,020 1,708
Deferred income taxes 6,845 6,037
------- -------
Total current assets 90,672 69,240
Property and equipment - net 19,220 19,984
Goodwill - net of accumulated amortization of $5,780 and $4,723 20,367 21,348
Other assets - net 5,602 8,438
Net assets of discontinued operation 2,286 7,264
------- -------
Total assets $138,147 $126,274
------- -------
------- -------
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Line of credit $ 12,350 $ --
Accounts payable 9,939 8,018
Current portion of long-term debt 1,104 1,010
Accrued compensation and benefits 7,992 8,061
Other accrued liabilities 5,377 10,036
Note payable to related party -- 1,000
------- -------
Total current liabilities 36,762 28,125
------- -------
Long-term debt 37,310 40,071
------- -------
Other non-current liabilities 7,723 8,433
------- -------
Commitments and contingencies
Series B cumulative convertible redeemable preferred stock,
$3,000 liquidation preference, 6% cumulative annual dividend,
500,000 shares issued and outstanding 3,000 3,000
------- -------
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred stock: $1 par value, authorized
2,500,000 shares:
Cumulative convertible, $13,897 liquidation preference:
694,872 shares issued and outstanding 695 695
Series A junior participating, authorized 250,000 shares:
none issued -- --
Common stock: $.01 par value, authorized 45,000,000
shares, issued and outstanding: 17,694,045 and
17,133,680 shares 177 171
Capital in excess of par value 44,793 42,751
Retained earnings 10,278 5,988
Treasury stock (971,894 and 1,106,114 shares), at cost (2,591) (2,960)
------- -------
Total stockholders' equity 53,352 46,645
------- -------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $138,147 $126,274
------- -------
------- -------
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
30
<PAGE>
THE TITAN CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands of dollars)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For the years ended December 31,
--------------------------------
1997 1996 1995
--------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Income (loss) from continuing operations $ 5,508 $ 264 $(1,835)
Adjustments to reconcile income (loss) from continuing
operations to net cash used for continuing operations:
Depreciation and amortization 5,647 5,144 3,865
Deferred income taxes and other 2,995 (1,909) 178
Change in operating assets and liabilities,
net of effects from businesses sold and
acquired:
Accounts receivable (8,555) 4,618 (2,572)
Inventories (2,453) (4,769) (3,316)
Prepaid expenses and other assets (1,740) 349 1,148
Accounts payable 1,921 (3,768) 2,678
Income taxes payable -- (653) --
Accrued compensation and benefits (69) (2,599) (1,657)
Restructuring activities (815) (4,099) (486)
Other liabilities (4,410) (1,274) (1,284)
------ ------- ------
Net cash used for continuing operations (1,971) (8,696) (3,281)
------ ------- ------
Loss from discontinued operation (343) (3,642) (1,972)
Changes in net assets of discontinued operation (5,230) (4,943) (2,894)
------ ------- ------
Net cash used for discontinued operation (5,573) (8,585) (4,866)
------ ------- ------
Net cash used for operating activities (7,544) (17,281) (8,147)
------ ------- ------
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Capital expenditures (3,575) (5,174) (8,674)
Proceeds, net of transaction costs, from sale
of businesses 200 2,492 1,835
Payment for purchase of businesses, net of cash acquired -- (2,679) --
Other 274 192 48
------ ------- ------
Net cash used for investing activities (3,101) (5,169) (6,791)
------ ------- ------
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Additions to debt 12,350 37,000 13,800
Retirements of debt (2,065) (15,841) (621)
Deferred debt issuance costs -- (2,035) --
Proceeds from stock issuances 431 348 3,158
Dividends paid (875) (803) (695)
------ ------- ------
Net cash provided by financing activities 9,841 18,669 15,642
------ ------- ------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (804) (3,781) 704
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 2,052 5,833 5,129
------ ------- ------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 1,248 $ 2,052 $ 5,833
------ ------- ------
------ ------- ------
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
31
<PAGE>
THE TITAN CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997, 1996 AND 1995
(in thousands of dollars, except per share data)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Cumulative
Convertible Capital
Preferred Common in Excess of Retained Treasury
Stock Stock Par Value Earnings Stock Total
---------- --------- ------------- -------- --------- ------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balances at December 31, 1994 $ 695 $ 146 $ 27,860 $ 14,671 $ (4,604) $ 38,768
Stock issuance -- -- 1,413 -- 912 2,325
Exercise of stock options -- 5 1,209 -- (381) 833
Shares contributed to employee
benefit plans -- -- 322 -- 549 871
Income tax benefit from employee
stock transactions -- -- 344 -- -- 344
Dividends on preferred stock -
$1 per share -- -- -- (695) -- (695)
Net loss -- -- -- (3,807) -- (3,807)
------- ------- ------ ------- ------- -------
Balances at December 31, 1995 695 151 31,148 10,169 (3,524) 38,639
Stock issuance for acquisition -- 18 10,659 -- -- 10,677
Exercise of stock options and other -- 2 408 -- (62) 348
Shares contributed to
employee benefit plans -- -- 466 -- 626 1,092
Income tax benefit from employee stock
transactions -- -- 70 -- -- 70
Dividends on preferred stock -
Cumulative Convertible, $1.00 per share -- -- -- (695) -- (695)
Series B, 6% annual -- -- -- (108) -- (108)
Net loss -- -- -- (3,378) -- (3,378)
------- ------- ------ ------- ------- -------
Balances at December 31, 1996 695 171 42,751 5,988 (2,960) 46,645
Conversion of subordinated debt -- 5 1,597 -- -- 1,602
Exercise of stock options and other -- 1 393 -- 37 431
Shares contributed to employee
benefit plans -- -- 12 -- 332 344
Income tax benefit from
employee stock transactions -- -- 40 -- -- 40
Dividends on preferred stock -
Cumulative Convertible, $1.00 per share -- -- -- (695) -- (695)
Series B, 6% annual -- -- -- (180) -- (180)
Net income -- -- -- 5,165 -- 5,165
------- ------- ------ ------- ------- -------
Balances at December 31, 1997 $ 695 $ 177 $ 44,793 $ 10,278 $ (2,591) $ 53,352
------- ------- ------ ------- ------- -------
------- ------- ------ ------- ------- -------
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of
these consolidated financial statements.
32
<PAGE>
THE TITAN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except per share data)
NOTE 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
NATURE OF OPERATIONS. The Titan Corporation provides information technology and
electronic systems and services to commercial and government customers. Titan
groups its businesses into four core business segments--Communications Systems,
Software Systems, Information Technologies, and Medical Sterilization and Food
Pasteurization--and a fifth business segment, Emerging Technologies and
Businesses. Titan provides engineering, technical, management and consulting
services in the areas of national security, software systems, communication
systems, information systems, electronic control systems, advanced research and
development, and medical products sterilization and food pasteurization. The
Company also develops, designs, manufactures and markets satellite
communications subsystems, and pulsed power products including linear
accelerators.
The Company is involved in a number of start-up ventures, most notably the
commercial satellite communications business in the Company's Communications
Systems segment. The Company believes that the primary source of revenues for
this business will be international customers in developing countries,
primarily within Asia. The Company's investment in this business is reflected
in the balance sheet primarily within the captions of Accounts Receivable,
Inventories, and Property and Equipment and aggregates approximately $14,400 at
December 31, 1997. Also at December 31, 1997, this business has noncancelable
commitments of $4,354, primarily with two contract manufacturers, for purchases
through 1998 of certain components incorporated into the segment's products.
While accounts receivable are generally not collateralized, the Company limits
its exposure by performing ongoing credit evaluations of its customers'
financial condition. To mitigate credit risk in foreign countries, the Company
has a policy of requiring payment, primarily in the form of stand-by letters of
credit, advance deposits, or wire transfers, prior to shipment.
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION. The consolidated financial statements include the
accounts of The Titan Corporation ("Titan" or "the Company") and its
subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been
eliminated. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the
1997 presentation.
USE OF ESTIMATES. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the
reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
REVENUE RECOGNITION. A majority of the Company's revenue, both commercial and
government, is derived from products manufactured and services performed under
cost-reimbursement and fixed-price contracts wherein revenues are generally
recognized using the percentage-of-completion method, which includes revenues
recognized as units are delivered. Total estimated costs are based on
management assessment of costs to complete the project based upon evaluation
of level of work achieved and costs expended to date. Certain other revenues
are recognized as units are delivered. Estimated contract losses are fully
charged to operations when identified.
CASH EQUIVALENTS. All highly liquid investments purchased with an original
maturity of three months or less are classified as cash equivalents.
33
<PAGE>
INVENTORIES. Inventories include the cost of material, labor and overhead, and
are stated at the lower of cost, determined on the first-in, first-out (FIFO)
and weighted average methods, or market.
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT. Property and equipment are stated at cost.
Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method, with estimated useful
lives of 32 years for buildings, 2 to 15 years for leasehold improvements and 3
to 10 years for machinery and equipment and furniture and fixtures. Certain
machinery and equipment in the Company's medical sterilization business is
depreciated based on units of production.
GOODWILL. The excess of the cost over the fair value of net assets of purchased
businesses ("goodwill") is amortized on a straight-line basis over varying lives
ranging from 5 to 30 years. The Company periodically re-evaluates the original
assumptions and rationale utilized in the establishment of the carrying value
and estimated lives of its goodwill. The criteria used for these evaluations
include management's estimate of the asset's continuing ability to generate
positive income from operations and positive cash flow in future periods as well
as the strategic significance of the intangible asset to the Company's business
objectives.
CAPITALIZED SOFTWARE COSTS. The Company's policy is to amortize capitalized
software costs over the shorter period of (a) the ratio that current gross
revenues for a product bears to the total of current and amortized future
gross revenues for that product, or (b) the straight-line method over the
remaining estimated economic life of the product, including the period being
reported on. Notwithstanding the above, the maximum amortization period is
four years. Included in the accompanying consolidated statement of
operations for the year ended December 31, 1994 is $90, resulting in a net
carrying balance of approximately $200 in the accompanying consolidated
balance sheets.
IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS. Periodically, the Company reviews for possible
impairment its long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles to be held
and used by an entity. Whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate
that the carrying amount of an asset may not be fully recoverable, asset values
are adjusted accordingly.
STOCK BASED COMPENSATION. The Company has elected to adopt the disclosure only
provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, "Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation" (SFAS 123). Accordingly, the Company will
continue to account for its stock based compensation plans under the provisions
of APB No. 25.
INCOME TAXES. The Company accounts for income taxes under Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes" (SFAS
109), which requires the use of the liability method of accounting for deferred
income taxes. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recorded to reflect
the tax consequences on future years of differences between the tax bases of
assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year-end.
If it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset
will not be realized, a valuation allowance is recognized.
PER SHARE INFORMATION. In February 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards
Board issued Statement of Financial Accountings Standards No. 128 "Earnings Per
Share" (SFAS 128), which has been adopted by the Company. The statement
specifies the computation, presentation, and disclosure requirements for
earnings per share ("EPS"), and is effective for periods ending after December
15, 1997. Prior year per share information is presented in accordance with the
statement. The following data summarize information relating to the per share
computations for 1997:
34
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For The Year Ended December 31, 1997
------------------------------------
Income Shares Per-Share
(Numerator) (Denominator) Amounts
--------- ----------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Income from continuing operations $5,508
Less preferred stock dividends (875)
-----
Basic EPS:
Income from continuing operations
available to common stockholders 4,633 16,187 $ .29
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options -- 283 (.01)
Warrants -- 30 (.00)
Convertible subordinated debentures 978 4,896 (.02)
----- ------ -----
Diluted EPS:
Income from continuing operations
available to common stockholders
plus assumed conversions $5,611 21,396 $ .26
----- ------ -----
----- ------ -----
</TABLE>
In 1997, options to purchase 531,549 shares of common stock at prices ranging
from $5.00 to $9.50 per share were not included in the computation of diluted
EPS for 1997, because the options' exercise price was greater than the average
market price of the common shares. Also in 1997, 463,248 shares of common stock
that could result from the conversion of cumulative convertible preferred stock,
as well as 333,333 shares that could result from the conversion of Series B
Cumulative Convertible Redeemable Preferred stock (until November 24, 1997 when
the conversion privilege expired), were not included in the computation of
diluted EPS, as the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
Common shares that could result from the conversion of stock options in 1996 and
1995, and from the conversion of the Company's convertible subordinated
debentures and Series B cumulative convertible redeemable preferred stock in
1996 were not included in the computation of diluted EPS in 1996 and 1995, as
the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARD. In July 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board
issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 130, "Reporting
Comprehensive Income" ("SFAS No. 130"). This Statement establishes standards
for reporting and display of comprehensive income and its components in a full
set of general purpose financial statements. The objective of the Statement is
to report a measure of all changes in equity of an enterprise that result from
transactions and other economic events of the period other than transactions
with owners ("comprehensive income"). Comprehensive income is the total of net
income and all other nonowner changes in equity. SFAS No. 130 is effective for
fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1997, with earlier application
permitted. The Company does not anticipate that the adoption of the accounting
and disclosure provisions of SFAS No. 130 will have a material impact on the
Company's financial statements and results of operations.
In December 1997, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 131, "Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related
Information" (SFAS 131). This Statement establishes standards for reporting
and disclosure of operating segments on a basis consistent with that of the
management structure. In accordance with the statement, the Company restated
its segments for all periods presented.
NOTE 2. DISCONTINUED OPERATION
On April 11, 1997, the Company's Board of Directors adopted a plan to divest the
Company's broadband communications business. The results of the broadband
communications business have been accounted for as a discontinued operation in
35
<PAGE>
accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 30, which among other
provisions, anticipates that the plan of disposal will be carried out within one
year.
Revenues for the broadband communications business were $551, $2,238 and $2,432
for the years ended December 31, 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. Included in
the loss from discontinued operation is a tax benefit of $177, $1,876 and $625
for the years ended December 31, 1997, 1996 and 1995 respectively. The Company
deferred losses from the discontinued operation of $9,271 in 1997, which
primarily represented amortization and wind-down costs of the business.
Included in the deferred loss is interest of $509 allocated to the discontinued
operation based on the ratio of net assets to be sold to the sum of total net
assets of the Company. Net current assets of discontinued operation consist
primarily of accounts receivable, inventory, and deferred losses from the date
of discontinuance net of accounts payable, accrued compensation and other
current liabilities. Net noncurrent assets of discontinued operation consist of
property and equipment and intangible assets, primarily capitalized software
costs. Prior year consolidated financial statements have been restated to
present the broadband communications business as a discontinued operation.
NOTE 3. ACQUISITION
On May 24, 1996, the Company completed the acquisition of three privately-held
affiliated businesses -- Eldyne, Inc. ("Eldyne"), Unidyne Corporation
("Unidyne") and Diversified Control Systems, LLC ("DCS"). The overall
transaction consideration, excluding associated transaction costs and expenses,
consisted of $1 million cash, 1,779,498 shares of Titan common stock with an
assigned value of $6.00 per share, the issuance of 500,000 shares of a new class
of cumulative convertible redeemable preferred stock (see Note 10), assumption
of indebtedness and a promissory note for $1 million issued to the principal
stockholder of the acquired companies. The $1 million note was due and paid on
March 15, 1997, and earned interest of 10% per annum. The Company also entered
into an agreement with the principal stockholder, providing for annual payments
of $.3 million, payable monthly, for 6 years beginning May 24, 1996. The net
present value of this agreement ($1.5 million) was recorded as additional
purchase price at the acquisition date. This obligation was settled in full on
January 2, 1997. Estimated other direct costs of the acquisition were
approximately $3 million.
The acquisition has been accounted for as a purchase, and, accordingly, the
Company's consolidated financial statements include the operating results of the
three acquired companies since May 24, 1996. The excess of the purchase price
over the estimated fair value of net assets acquired of $17,474 at December 31,
1997 is being amortized using a straight-line method over 30 years.
Unaudited pro forma data giving effect to the purchase of Eldyne, Unidyne and
DCS as if they had been acquired at the beginning of 1995 are shown below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995
------ ------
<S> <C> <C>
Revenues $159,820 $182,620
Net loss (1,426) (1,384)
Net loss per share (.09) (.09)
</TABLE>
36
<PAGE>
NOTE 4. RESTRUCTURING
In 1995, the Board of Directors adopted a formal plan of restructuring, which
resulted in a $5,431 charge to 1995 results of operations. The restructuring
plan generally provided for the dispositions of certain non-core businesses as
well as severance and related costs. The planned restructuring activities were
substantially accomplished in 1996.
NOTE 5. OTHER FINANCIAL DATA
Following are details concerning certain balance sheet accounts:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
Accounts Receivable:
U.S. Government - billed $ 19,080 $ 17,768
U.S. Government - unbilled 19,800 19,885
Trade 15,706 8,271
Less allowance for doubtful accounts (311) (204)
------- -------
$ 54,275 $ 45,720
------- -------
------- -------
</TABLE>
Unbilled receivables include approximately $10,400 and $11,200 at December 31,
1997 and 1996, respectively, representing work-in-process which will be billed
in accordance with contract terms and delivery schedules. Also included in
unbilled receivables are amounts billable upon final execution of contracts,
contract completion, milestones or completion of rate negotiations. Generally,
unbilled receivables are expected to be collected within one year. Payments to
the Company for performance on certain U.S. Government contracts are subject to
audit by the Defense Contract Audit Agency. Revenues have been recorded at
amounts expected to be realized upon final settlement.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
Inventories:
Materials $ 2,227 $ 1,998
Work-in-process 11,321 9,201
Finished goods 1,224 1,220
------- -------
$ 14,772 $ 12,419
------- -------
------- -------
Property and Equipment:
Machinery and equipment $ 31,519 $ 28,488
Furniture and fixtures 4,075 5,284
Land, buildings and leasehold improvements 7,871 7,538
Construction in progress 347 938
------- -------
43,812 42,248
Less accumulated depreciation and
amortization (24,592) (22,264)
------- -------
$ 19,220 $ 19,984
------- -------
------- -------
</TABLE>
Deferred income taxes of $314 and $4,094 are included in Other Assets at
December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively. At December 31, 1997 and 1996,
respectively, other liabilities, current and non-current, include $1,006 and
$2,019 of customer advance payments, and liabilities for post-retirement
benefits for employees of previously discontinued operations of $2,436 and
$2,923.
37
<PAGE>
NOTE 6. SEGMENT INFORMATION
In the fourth quarter of 1997, the Company realigned certain operations within
its existing segments and added a fifth segment to better position these
operations for strategic transactions pursuant to the Company's corporate
strategy. This realignment conforms with the provisions of Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 131 "Disclosures about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information". All prior year segment data have been
restated to conform to the 1997 presentation.
The Communications Systems segment contains the Company's wholly owned
subsidiary, Linkabit Wireless, Inc., ("Linkabit Wireless"), which develops and
produces advanced satellite communications products and systems for commercial
and government customers. In December 1997, the Company filed a registration
statement including a preliminary prospectus with the Securities and Exchange
Commission ("SEC") for an initial public offering of 2,700,000 shares of
Linkabit Wireless common stock. The underwriters have been granted a 30-day
option to purchase up to an additional 405,000 shares to cover over-allotments.
If and when the offering is consummated and declared effective, then immediately
following the offering, Titan will own approximately 74% of the common stock of
Linkabit Wireless.
The Software Systems segment is a systems integrator that provides systems
integration services and solutions for commercial and non-defense clients with
distributed computing environments.
The Information Technologies segment provides information systems solutions
primarily to government customers with large data management, information
manipulation, information fusion, knowledge-based systems, and communications
requirements. This segment also supports high priority government programs by
providing systems integration, information systems engineering services,
development of systems and specialized products, as well as systems research,
development and prototyping. Other services provided include research and
development under government funded contracts for the Department of Defense
(DoD) and other customers.
The Medical Sterilization and Food Pasteurization segment provides medical
product sterilization services at two Titan facilities and manufactures and
sells turnkey electron beam sterilization and food pasteurization systems to
customers for use in their own facilities.
The Emerging Technologies and Businesses segment applies Titan's proprietary
knowledge and core competencies to industrial and commercial opportunities.
Substantially all operations are located in the United States. Export revenues
amounted to approximately $21,365, $10,693, and $14,209 in 1997, 1996 and 1995,
respectively, primarily to countries in the Far East and the Western Europe.
All international sales are denominated in U.S. dollars.
38
<PAGE>
The following tables summarize industry segment data for 1997, 1996 and 1995.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996 1995
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues:
Communications Systems $ 48,980 $ 27,850 $ 25,506
Software Systems 17,374 18,505 33,175
Information Technologies 88,225 74,404 60,791
Medical Sterilization and
Food Pasteurization 5,983 2,818 3,459
Emerging Technologies and
Businesses 10,624 11,907 8,604
------- ------- -------
$171,186 $135,484 $131,535
------- ------- -------
------- ------- -------
</TABLE>
Sales to the United States Government, including both defense and non-defense
agencies, and sales as a subcontractor as well as direct sales, aggregated
approximately $123,826 in 1997, $102,925 in 1996, and $81,632 in 1995. Within
the Software Systems segment, sales to one customer, a telephone company,
totaled $4,500, $8,300 and $24,500 in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. No
other single customer accounted for 10% or more of the consolidated revenues for
these years. Intersegment sales were not significant in any year.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996 1995
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Operating Profit (Loss):
Communications Systems $ 1,074 $ (4,187) $ (578)
Software Systems 4,580 (137) 3,803
Information Technologies 8,771 7,639 2,271
Medical Sterilization and
Food Pasteurization 189 (1,080) (1,340)
Emerging Technologies and Businesses (25) 964 151
Corporate (860) 162 (5,665)
------- ------- -------
$ 13,729 $ 3,361 $ (1,358)
------- ------- -------
------- ------- -------
</TABLE>
Corporate includes corporate general and administrative expenses, certain
corporate restructuring charges, and gains or losses from the sale of
businesses. Corporate general and administrative expenses are generally
recoverable from contract revenues by allocation to operations.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996 1995
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Identifiable Assets:
Communications Systems $ 29,019 $ 18,774 $13,826
Software Systems 8,114 6,139 8,945
Information Technologies 43,560 47,782 28,584
Medical Sterilization and
Food Pasteurization 11,854 10,222 10,446
Emerging Technologies and Businesses 7,589 7,649 5,508
Discontinued operation, net 13,798 8,568 3,558
General corporate assets 24,213 27,140 23,596
------ ------ ------
$138,147 $126,274 $94,463
------- ------- ------
------- ------- ------
</TABLE>
39
<PAGE>
General corporate assets are principally cash, prepaid expenses, property and
equipment, deferred income taxes and other assets.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996 1995
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Depreciation and Amortization
of Property and Equipment,
Goodwill, and Other Assets:
Communications Systems $ 1,292 $ 820 $ 601
Software Systems 617 1,152 1,032
Information Technologies 1,969 1,875 1,331
Medical Sterilization and
Food Pasteurization 499 510 287
Emerging Technologies and
Businesses 288 374 207
Corporate 982 413 407
------ ------ ------
$ 5,647 $ 5,144 $ 3,865
------ ------ ------
------ ------ ------
Capital Expenditures:
Communications Systems $ 1,438 $ 1,831 $ 1,101
Software Systems 453 261 1,700
Information Technologies 866 1,394 668
Medical Sterilization and
Food Pasteurization 429 1,024 4,183
Emerging Technologies and Businesses 270 437 668
Corporate 119 227 354
------ ------ ------
$ 3,575 $ 5,174 $ 8,674
------ ------ ------
------ ------ ------
</TABLE>
NOTE 7. INCOME TAXES
The components of the income tax provision (benefit) from continuing operations
are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996 1995
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Current:
Federal $ 166 $ -- $(1,663)
State 42 -- (164)
------ ------ ------
208 -- (1,827)
Deferred 2,972 136 1,245
------ ------ ------
$ 3,180 $ 136 $ (582)
------ ------ ------
------ ------ ------
</TABLE>
40
<PAGE>
Following is a reconciliation of the income tax provision (benefit) from
continuing operations expected (based on the United States federal income tax
rate applicable in each year) to the actual tax provision (benefit) on income
(loss):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996 1995
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Expected Federal tax provision
(benefit) on continuing operations $ 2,954 $ 136 $ (822)
State income taxes, net
of Federal income tax
benefit 174 (256) (44)
Research credit (324) -- --
Goodwill amortization 351 88 160
Alternative minimum tax -- -- 100
Keyman life insurance 24 36 75
Other 1 132 (51)
------ ------ ------
Actual tax provision (benefit) on
continuing operations $ 3,180 $ 136 $ (582)
------ ------ ------
------ ------ ------
</TABLE>
The deferred tax asset as of December 31, 1997 and 1996, result from the
following temporary differences:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
Loss carryforward $ 4,672 $ 6,932
Employee benefits 3,690 4,507
Loss from discontinued operation (3,338) --
Tax credit carryforwards 2,546 1,383
Inventory and contract loss reserves 1,825 1,678
Depreciation (1,400) (3,051)
Deferred tax on foreign profit 1,123 --
Restructuring -- 361
Other (759) (479)
------ ------
8,359 11,331
Valuation allowance (1,200) (1,200)
------ ------
Net deferred tax asset $ 7,159 $10,131
------ ------
------ ------
</TABLE>
Realization of certain components of the net deferred tax asset is dependent
upon Titan generating sufficient taxable income prior to expiration of loss and
credit carryforwards. Although realization is not assured, management believes
it is more likely than not that the net deferred tax asset will be realized.
The amount of the net deferred tax asset considered realizable, however, could
be reduced in the near term if estimates of future taxable income during the
carryforward period are changed. Also, under Federal tax law, certain potential
changes in ownership of the Company which may not be within the Company's
control may limit annual future utilization of these carryforwards.
Cash paid for income taxes was $250 in 1997. Net tax refunds in 1996 and 1995
were $322 and $828, respectively.
NOTE 8. DEBT
At December 31, 1997, the Company had borrowings of $12,350 outstanding at a
weighted average interest rate of 8.02% under a $24,000 line of credit maturing
May 31, 1998 with two banks. This line amended and replaced the existing lines
of credit. The Company had commitments under letters of credit at December 31,
1997 of
41
<PAGE>
$1,368, which reduced availability under the line of credit. The Company has
the option to borrow at a bank prime rate or at LIBOR plus 2%. The agreement
contains, among other financial covenants, provisions which require the Company
to have annual net income, as defined, prohibits two consecutive quarterly
losses in aggregate of greater than $500, and contains other financial covenants
which require the Company to maintain stipulated levels of net worth and minimum
interest coverage, and fixed charge coverage and quick ratios. Under the
agreement and a subsequent amendment in contemplation of the Linkabit Wireless
transaction (see Note 6), the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Eldyne
and Unidyne, granted the banks a security interest in substantially all of their
non-real property assets, including accounts receivable, inventory, equipment
and patents, and certain limitations have been placed on transactions between
the Company and Linkabit Wireless. Borrowings under the Company's lines of
credit averaged $10,803, $12,315 and $6,400 at weighted average interest rates
of 8.1%, 8.2% and 8.8% during 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively.
In November 1996, the Company issued $34,500 of 8.25% convertible subordinated
debentures due 2003. The debentures are convertible into common stock of the
Company at a conversion price of $3.50 per share, subject to adjustment upon the
occurrence of certain events. The debentures are redeemable, on or after
November 2, 1999, initially at 104.125% of principal amount and at decreasing
prices thereafter to 100% of principal amount through maturity, in each case
together with accrued interest. The debentures also may be repaid at the option
of the holder upon a change in control, as defined in the indenture governing
the debentures, at 100% of principal amount plus accrued interest. The net
proceeds of the offering were used to repay borrowings under the Company's bank
lines of credit and for working capital and general corporate purposes. At
December 31, 1997, Other assets include $1,778 in capitalized costs related to
the issuance, which are being amortized to interest expense ratably over the
life of the debt.
At December 31, 1997 and 1996, the Company had $3,328 and $5,215, respectively,
outstanding under two promissory notes, secured by certain machinery and
equipment, at interest rates of 8.5% and 7.42%, respectively. At December 31,
1997, $992 is due within one year. At December 31, 1996, the Company also had
outstanding a mortgage note and an equipment note, collateralized by real estate
and equipment, with balances of $1,244 and $122, respectively, at an interest
rate of LIBOR plus 2.5%. At December 31, 1997, only the mortgage note remains,
with a balance of $1,196, of which $112 is due within one year.
Cash paid for interest, primarily on these borrowings, was $4,604, $2,000, and
$572, in 1997, 1996, and 1995, respectively. At December 30, 1997, the Company
was in compliance with all financial covenants under its various debt
agreements.
NOTE 9. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Titan is obligated for aggregate rentals of $33,434 under operating lease
agreements, principally for facilities. These leases generally include renewal
options and require minimum payments of $5,519 in 1998, $4,338 in 1999, $3,771
in 2000, $3,687 in 2001, $4,721 in 2002, and $11,398 for the years thereafter.
Rental expense under these leases was $6,238 in 1997, $7,941 in 1996 and $7,484
in 1995. The Company has entered into a long-term lease agreement for facilities
which are owned by an entity in which the Company has a minority ownership
interest. Rental expense in 1997, 1996 and 1995 includes $904, $884, and $868,
respectively, paid under this agreement.
42
<PAGE>
On April 19, 1995 Titan was served in a lawsuit entitled DONALD P. SHAW V.
TITAN CORPORATION (the "Lawsuit"). The Lawsuit was pending in the United
States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, Alexandria
Division, and sought compensatory damages in an aggregate amount of
$3,000,000 and punitive damages in the amount of $1,050,000 on account of
alleged wrongful termination and intentional infliction of emotional
distress. The Lawsuit resulted in a verdict for the plaintiff awarding
$65,000 in compensatory damages and $350,000 in punitive damages which was
affirmed on appeal in February 1998. Titan believes that the outcome of the
Lawsuit will not have a material adverse effect on the financial position or
results of operations of Titan.
In the ordinary course of business, defense contractors are subject to many
levels of audit and investigation by various government agencies. Further, the
Company and its subsidiaries are subject to claims and from time to time are
named as defendants in legal proceedings. In the opinion of management, the
amount of ultimate liability with respect to these actions will not materially
affect the financial position or results of operations of the Company.
NOTE 10. SERIES B CUMULATIVE CONVERTIBLE REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK
Titan's Series B Preferred Stock has a par value of $1.00, accrues dividends at
a rate of 6% per annum payable quarterly in arrears cumulatively, has a
liquidation preference of $6.00 per share plus accrued and unpaid dividends (the
"Series B Liquidation Preference") and entitles the holder thereof to one vote
per outstanding share, voting together as a class with the holders of shares of
outstanding Common Stock (and any other series or classes entitled to vote
therewith) on all matters submitted for a shareholder vote. The Series B
Preferred Stock is redeemable at the Series B Liquidation Preference (i) at the
holder's option, after May 24, 1998 until May 24, 2001, and (ii) at the
Company's option, after May 24, 2001 until May 24, 2006.
NOTE 11. CUMULATIVE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK
Each share of $1.00 cumulative convertible preferred stock is entitled to 1/3
vote, annual dividends of $1 per share and is convertible at any time into 2/3
share of the Company's common stock. Common stock of 463,248 shares has been
reserved for this purpose. Upon liquidation, the $1.00 cumulative convertible
preferred stockholders are entitled to receive $20 per share, plus cumulative
dividends in arrears, before any distribution is made to the common
stockholders.
NOTE 12. COMMON STOCK
At December 31, 1997, 30,247,635 common shares were reserved for future issuance
for conversion of convertible subordinated debentures, preferred stock, all
stock incentive plans and warrants.
In September 1995, the Company completed a private placement of 300,000 shares
of its common stock, receiving net proceeds of $2,325. Treasury shares were
used for the issuance. The Company's shares were placed with offshore
institutional investors pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended.
On August 17, 1995, the Board of Directors adopted a Shareholder Rights
Agreement and subsequently distributed one preferred stock purchase right
("Right") for each outstanding share of the Company's common stock. Each Right
entitles the registered holder to purchase from the Company one one-hundredth of
a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, par value $1.00 per
share (the "Preferred Shares") at a price of $42.00 per one one-hundredth of a
Preferred Share, subject to adjustment. The Rights become exercisable if a
person or group acquires, in a transaction not
43
<PAGE>
approved by the Company's Board of Directors ("Board"), 15% or more of the
Company's common stock or announces a tender offer for 15% or more of the stock.
If a person or group acquires 15% or more of the Company's common stock, each
Right (other than Rights held by the acquiring person or group which become
void) will entitle the holder to receive upon exercise a number of shares of
Company common stock having a market value of twice the Right's exercise price.
If the Company is acquired in a transaction not approved by the Board, each
Right may be exercised for common shares of the acquiring company having a
market value of twice the Right's exercise price. The Company may redeem the
Rights at $.01 per Right, subject to certain conditions. The Rights expire on
August 17, 2005.
NOTE 13. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS
The Company provides stock-based compensation to officers, directors and key
employees through various fixed stock option plans and to all non-executive
employees through an employee stock purchase plan. The Company has adopted the
disclosure only provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.
123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation." Accordingly, no compensation
cost has been recognized for the fixed stock option or stock purchase plans.
Had compensation cost for the Company's stock-based compensation plans been
determined based on the fair value at the grant dates for awards under those
plans consistent with the method of SFAS 123, the Company's results of
operations would have been reduced to the pro forma amounts indicated below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996 1995
----------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net income (loss) As reported $ 5,165 $(3,378) $(3,807)
Pro forma 3,670 (3,795) (3,981)
Net income (loss )per share, basic As reported $ .27 $ (.27) $ (.33)
Pro forma .23 (.30) (.35)
Net income (loss) per share, diluted As reported $ .25 $ (.27) $ (.33)
Pro forma .17 (.30) (.35)
</TABLE>
The Company currently has options available for grant under the Stock Option
Plans of 1990, 1994 and 1997, The 1989 Directors' Stock Option Plan and The 1996
Directors' Stock Option and Equity Participation Plan (the "1996 Directors'
Plan"). Options authorized for grant under the employee plans and under the
directors' plans are 3,000,000 and 185,000, respectively. Under the 1996
Directors' Plan, a director may elect to receive stock in lieu of fees, such
stock to have a fair market value equal to the fees. Under all plans, the
exercise price of each option equals the market price of the Company's stock on
the date of grant. Under the employee plans, an option's maximum term is ten
years. Under the directors' plans, options expire 90 days after the option
holder ceases to be a director. Employee options may be granted throughout the
year; directors' options are granted annually during the first two or three
years as a director. All options vest in 25% increments beginning one year
after the grant date.
The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the
Black-Scholes option-pricing model using the following weighted-average
assumptions: zero dividend yield and an expected life of 5 years in all years;
expected volatility of 70% in 1997 and 87% in 1996 and 1995; and a risk free
interest rate of 5.72% in 1997 and 6.57% in 1996 and 1995.
44
<PAGE>
A summary of the status of the Company's fixed stock option plans as of December
31, 1997, 1996 and 1995, and changes during the years ending on those dates is
presented below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996 1995
------------------------- ------------------------- -------------------------
Shares Weighted-Average Shares Weighted-Average Shares Weighted-Average
(000) Exercise Price (000) Exercise Price (000) Exercise Price
----- ---------------- ------ -------------- ------ ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Fixed Options
- -------------
Outstanding at beginning of year 1,512 $ 4.66 1,219 $ 5.05 1,429 $3.41
Granted 579 5.50 723 4.42 429 8.02
Exercised (93) 3.32 (125) 3.28 (454) 2.71
Canceled (137) 4.54 (305) 6.20 (185) 5.16
----- ----- -----
Outstanding at end of year 1,861 5.00 1,512 4.66 1,219 5.05
----- ----- -----
----- ----- -----
Options exercisable at year-end 712 480 452
Weighted-average fair value of
options granted during the year $3.44 $3.18 $5.76
</TABLE>
The following table summarizes information about fixed stock options outstanding
at December 31, 1997:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
-------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------
Range of Number Weighted-Average Number
Exercise Outstanding Remaining Weighted-Average Exercisable Weighted-Average
Prices at 12/31/97 Contractual Life Exercise Price at 12/31/97 Exercise Price
- ------ ----------- ----------------- -------------- ----------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$2.63 - 3.63 426,200 6.18 years $3.30 330,700 $ 3.26
4.00 - 5.88 1,125,800 8.59 4.78 276,000 4.50
6.25 - 9.50 308,500 8.22 8.14 105,700 8.66
--------- -------
1,860,500 7.98 5.00 712,400 4.54
--------- -------
--------- -------
</TABLE>
Under the 1995 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, the Company is authorized to issue
up to 500,000 shares of common stock to its full-time employees. Elected
officers are not eligible to participate. Under the terms of the plan,
employees may elect to have between 1 and 10 percent of their regular earnings,
as defined in the plan, withheld to purchase the Company's common stock. The
purchase price of the stock is 85 percent of the lower of its market price at
the beginning or at the end of each subscription period. A subscription period
is six months, beginning January 1 and July 1 of each year. The first
subscription period under the plan began January 1, 1996. Approximately 11% of
eligible employees participated in the Plan in both 1997 and 1996 and purchased
110,461 and 89,865 shares of Company stock in 1997 and 1996, respectively. The
weighted-average fair value of the purchase rights granted in 1997 and 1996 was
$1.06 and $1.71, respectively.
Three of the Company's wholly-owned subsidiaries have stock option plans for the
granting of subsidiary stock, which is not publicly traded. The exercise price
of all options granted under these plans equals the fair value of the subsidiary
stock at the date of grant as determined by the subsidiaries' board of
directors. If all options available for grant in these plans were exercised,
the Company's ownership in each of the subsidiaries would be diluted by no
greater than 12.5%, 25% and 37.5%.
45
<PAGE>
NOTE 14. BENEFIT PLANS
The Company has various defined contribution benefit plans covering certain
employees. The Company's contributions to these plans were $1,910, $2,206, and
$2,475 in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The Company's discretionary
contribution to its Employee Stock Ownership Plan was $290 in 1997. There were
no discretionary contributions for 1996 or 1995. During 1997, 1996 and 1995,
the Company utilized treasury stock of $344, $1,092, and $871, respectively, for
benefit plan contributions.
The Company has a non-qualified executive deferred compensation plan for certain
officers and key employees. The Company's expense for this plan was $821, $901,
and $970 in 1997, 1996, and 1995, respectively. At December 31, 1997 and 1996,
respectively, Other non-current liabilities include $3,954 and $3,492 for
obligations under this plan. Interest expense for the years ended December 31,
1997, 1996, and 1995 includes $527, $561, and $486, respectively, related to the
plan. The Company also has performance bonus plans for certain of its
employees. Related expense amounted to approximately $1,470, $1,280, and $2,475
in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively.
The Company has previously provided for post-retirement benefit obligations of
operations discontinued in prior years. The Company has no post-retirement
benefit obligations for any of its continuing operations nor for its recently
discontinued broadband communications business.
NOTE 15. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company has entered into a definitive agreement with DBA Systems, Inc., a
Florida Corporation ("DBA"), whereby if approved by the stockholders of both the
Company and DBA, DBA will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Titan Defense
Systems Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, in a
stock-for-stock merger.
NOTE 16. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (Unaudited)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
First Second Third Fourth Total
1997 Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Year
- ---- ------- ------- ------- ------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues $ 43,290 $ 41,949 $ 41,973 $ 43,974 $ 171,186
Gross profit 9,000 10,320 10,248 9,488 39,056
Income from continuing
operations 818 1,018 1,537 2,135 5,508
Net income 475 1,018 1,537 2,135 5,165
Basic earnings per share:
Income from continuing
operations .04 .05 .08 .12 .29
Net income .02 .05 .08 .12 .27
Diluted earnings per share:
Income from continuing
operations .04 .05 .07 .09 .26
Net income .02 .05 .07 .09 .25
46
<PAGE>
<CAPTION>
First Second Third Fourth Total
1996 Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Year
- ---- ------- ------- ------- ------- --------
Revenues $ 30,895 $ 29,162 $ 34,588 $ 40,839 $135,484
Gross profit 6,565 7,199 6,397 7,438 27,599
Income (loss) from continuing
operations 213 417 (796) 430 264
Net income (loss) (864) (747) (1,969) 202 (3,378)
Basic earnings per share:
Income (loss) from
continuing operations .00 .02 (.06) .01 (.03)
Net income (loss) (.07) (.06) (.14) .00 (.27)
Diluted earnings per share:
Income (loss) from
continuing operations .00 .02 (.06) .01 (.03)
Net income (loss) (.07) (.06) (.13) .00 (.27)
</TABLE>
The above financial information for each quarter reflects all normal and
recurring adjustments.
ITEM 9. DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
Not applicable.
47
<PAGE>
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The information required by Item 10 with respect to the directors and the
executive officers of the Company is incorporated herein by this reference to
such information on pages 3-6 and page 14 of the Company's definitive proxy
statement for the 1998 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by Item 11 is incorporated herein by this reference
to such information on pages 4 and 7-12 of the Company's definitive proxy
statement for the 1998 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The information required by Item 12 is incorporated herein by this reference
to such information on page 2 of the Company's definitive proxy statement for
the 1998 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
No information is required by Item 13.
48
<PAGE>
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) 1 and 2. Financial statements being filed as part of this report are listed
in the index in Item 8 on page 27.
(b) The Company filed a current report on Form 8-K dated January 7, 1998, to
report that the Company had entered into a definitive agreement with DBA
Systems, Inc., a Florida Corporation ("DBA"), whereby DBA will become a
wholly-owned subsidiary of Titan Defense Systems Corporation, a Delaware
Corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, in a stock-for-stock
merger.
(c) Exhibits
3.1 Titan's Restated Certificate of Incorporation dated as of November 6,
1986, which was Exhibit 3.1 to Registrant's 1987 Annual Report on Form
10-K is incorporated herein by this reference. Titan's Certificate of
Amendment of Restated Certificate of Incorporation dated as of June 30,
1987, which was Exhibit 3.2 to Registrant's 1987 Annual Report on Form
10-K is incorporated herein by this reference.
3.2 Titan's by-laws, as amended, which was Exhibit 6(a)(3) to Registrant's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q dated November 13, 1995, is incorporated
herein by this reference.
4.1 Warrant to Purchase Common Stock of Registrant issued to Corporate
Property Associates 9, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, which was
Exhibit 4.1 to Registrant's Form 8-K dated July 11, 1991, is incorporated
herein by this reference.
4.2 Amendment to Warrant dated December 3, 1996, between the Registrant and
Corporate Property Associates 9, L.P., which was Exhibit 4.2 to
Registrant's 1996 Annual Report on Form 10-K, is incorporated herein by
this reference.
4.3 Warrant to Purchase Common Stock of Registrant issued to Corporate
Property Associates 10 Incorporated, a Maryland corporation, which was
Exhibit 4.2 to Registrant's Form 8-K dated July 11, 1991, is incorporated
herein by this reference.
4.4 Amendment to Warrant dated December 3, 1996, between the Registrant and
Corporate Property Associates 10, Incorporated, which was Exhibit 4.4 to
Registrant's 1996 Annual Report on Form 10-K, is incorporated herein by
this reference.
4.5 Rights Amendment, dated as of August 21, 1995, between The Titan
Corporation and American Stock Transfer and Trust Company, which was
Exhibit 1 to Registrant's Form 8-A dated September 5, 1995, is
incorporated herein by this reference.
4.6 Certificate of Designations of Series B Cumulative Convertible Redeemable
Preferred Stock which was Exhibit 4.1 to Registrant's Registration
Statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-10919) is incorporated herein by this
reference.
49
<PAGE>
4.7 Registration Rights Agreement, dated May 24, 1996, which was Exhibit 2 to
Schedule 13D filed on behalf of Mr. Jack D. Witt on June 5, 1996, is
incorporated herein by this reference.
4.8 Stockholders Agreement, dated May 24, 1996, which was Exhibit 1 to
Schedule 13D filed on behalf of Mr. Jack D. Witt on June 5, 1996, is
incorporated herein by this reference.
4.9 Form of Indenture relating to the Registrant's 8 1/4% Convertible
Subordinated Debentures due November 1, 2003, which was Exhibit 4.1 to
Amendment No. 1 to Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-3 (No.
333-10695) is incorporated herein by this reference.
10.1 Stock Option Plan of 1983, as amended though January 1, 1987, which was
Exhibit 10.2 to Registrant's 1987 Annual Report on Form 10-K is
incorporated herein by this reference.
10.2 Stock Option Plan of 1986, as amended through January 1, 1987, which was
Exhibit 10.3 to Registrant's 1987 Annual Report on Form 10-K is
incorporated herein by this reference.
10.3 Stock Option Plan of 1990, which was filed in the 1990 definitive proxy
statement and was Exhibit 10.11 to Registrant's 1989 Annual Report on
Form 10-K is incorporated herein by this reference.
10.4 Stock Option Plan of 1994, which was filed in the 1994 definitive proxy
statement and was Exhibit 10.17 to Registrant's 1993 Annual Report on
Form 10-K is incorporated herein by this reference.
10.5 1989 Directors' Stock Option Plan which was filed in the 1990 definitive
proxy statement and was Exhibit 10.12 to Registrant's 1989 Annual Report
on Form 10-K is incorporated herein by this reference.
10.6 1992 Directors' Stock Option Plan which was filed in the 1993 definitive
proxy statement and was Exhibit 10.14 to Registrant's 1992 Annual Report
on Form 10-K is incorporated herein by this reference.
10.7 1996 Directors' Stock Option and Equity Participation Plan which was
filed in the 1996 definitive proxy statement and was Exhibit 10.7 to
Registrant's 1995 Annual Report on Form 10-K is incorporated herein by
this reference.
10.8 Supplemental Retirement Plan for Key Executives which was filed in the
1990 definitive proxy statement and was Exhibit 10.13 to Registrant's
1989 Annual Report on Form 10-K is incorporated herein by this reference.
10.9 1995 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, which was Exhibit 4 to Registrant's
Form S-8 dated December 18, 1995, is incorporated herein by this
reference.
10.10 Lease Agreement dated as of July 9, 1991, by and between Torrey Pines
Limited Partnership, a California limited partnership, as landlord, and
Registrant, as tenant, which was Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant's Form 8-K
dated July 11, 1991 is incorporated herein by this reference.
50
<PAGE>
10.11 Agreement and Plan of Reorganization of Eldyne, Inc. dated as of April
19, 1996, by and among Eldyne, Inc., Jack Witt, ELD Acquisition Sub, Inc.
and Registrant, which was Exhibit 2.1 to Registrant's Form 8-K dated May
24, 1996, is incorporated herein by this reference.
10.12 Agreement and Plan of Reorganization of Unidyne Corporation dated as of
April 19, 1996, by and among Unidyne Corporation, Jack Witt, UNI
Acquisition Sub, Inc. and Registrant, which was Exhibit 2.2 to
Registrant's Form 8-K dated May 24, 1996, is incorporated herein by this
reference.
10.13 Asset Purchase Agreement as of March 5, 1994, by and between Registrant
and Cubic Corporation which was Exhibit 2 to Registrant's Form 8-K dated
March 5, 1994, is incorporated herein by this reference.
10.14 Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization dated as of January 5,
1998, by and among the Registrant, Eagle Acquisition Sub, Inc. and DBA
Systems, Inc. (DBA), which was Exhibit 2.1 to Registrant's Form S-4 dated
February 6, 1998, is incorporated herein by this reference.
10.15 Line of Credit Agreement dated as of August 8, 1994, by and between
Sumitomo Bank of California and Registrant, which was Exhibit 10.16 to
Registrant's 1994 Annual Report on Form 10-K, is incorporated herein by
this reference.
10.16 Executive Severance Plan entered into by the Company with Gene W. Ray,
Eric M. DeMarco, Philip J. Englund, Ronald B. Gorda, Cornelius L. Hensel,
and Frederick L. Judge, which was Exhibit 6(a)(10) to Registrant's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q dated November 13, 1995, is incorporated
herein by this reference.
10.17 First Amendment to Commercial Loan Agreement dated May 25, 1995, by and
between Registrant and Sumitomo Bank of California, which was Exhibit
10.15 to Registrant's 1995 Annual Report on Form 10-K, is incorporated
herein by this reference.
10.18 Second Amendment to Commercial Loan Agreement dated December 29, 1995, by
and between Registrant and Sumitomo Bank of California, which was Exhibit
10.16 to Registrant's 1995 Annual Report on Form 10-K, is incorporated
herein by this reference.
10.19 Third Amendment to Commercial Loan Agreement dated May 9, 1996, by and
between Registrant and Sumitomo Bank of California, which was Exhibit
10.18 to Registrant's 1996 Annual Report on Form 10-K, is incorporated
herein by this reference.
10.20 Fourth Amendment to Commercial Loan Agreement dated September 6, 1996, by
and between Registrant and The Sumitomo Bank of California, which was
Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3/A No.
333-10919, is incorporated herein by this reference.
10.21 Security Agreement dated September 6, 1996, made by Registrant in favor
of The Sumitomo Bank of California, which was Exhibit 10.19 to the
Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3/A No. 333-10919, is
incorporated herein by this reference.
51
<PAGE>
10.22 Pledge Agreement executed as of September 6, 1996, by Registrant in favor
of The Sumitomo Bank of California, which was Exhibit 10.3 to the
Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3/A No. 333-10919, is
incorporated herein by this reference.
10.23 Patent Collateral Assignment made and entered into as of September 6,
1996, by Registrant in favor of The Sumitomo Bank of California, which
was Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3/A
No. 333-10919, is incorporated herein by this reference.
10.24 Security Agreement dated as of September 6, 1996, made by Titan
Information Systems Corporation in favor of The Sumitomo Bank of
California, which was Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Registration
Statement on Form S-3/A No. 333-10919, is incorporated herein by this
reference.
10.25 Patent Collateral Assignment made and entered into as of September 6,
1996, by Titan Information Systems Corporation in favor of The Sumitomo
Bank of California, which was Exhibit 10.6 to the Company's Registration
Statement on Form S-3/A No. 333-10919, is incorporated herein by this
reference.
10.26 Continuing Guaranty executed as of September 6, 1996, by Titan
Information Systems Corporation in favor of The Sumitomo Bank of
California, which was Exhibit 10.7 to the Company's Registration
Statement on Form S-3/A No. 333-10919, is incorporated herein by this
reference.
10.27 Fifth Amendment to Commercial Loan Agreement dated October 18, 1996, by
and between Registrant and Sumitomo Bank of California, which was exhibit
10.26 to Registrant's 1996 Annual Report on Form 10-K, is incorporated
herein by this reference.
10.28 Agreement Re Release of Certain Titan Information Systems Corporation
Collateral, dated December 8, 1997, by and between Registrant and
Imperial Bank and Sumitomo Bank of California.
10.29 Loan and Security Agreement, dated December 29, 1995, by and between
Registrant and Capital Associates International, Inc., which was Exhibit
10.17 to Registrant's 1995 Annual Report on Form 10-K, is incorporated
herein by this reference.
10.30 Rider dated August 13, 1996, to Loan and Security Agreement dated
December 29, 1995 by and between Registrant and Capital Associates
International, Inc., which was Exhibit 10.28 to Registrant's 1996 Annual
Report on Form 10-K, is incorporated herein by this reference.
10.31 Loan and Security Agreement dated January 31, 1996, by and between
Registrant and Sanwa General Equipment Leasing, a division of Sanwa
Business Credit Corporation, which was Exhibit 10.18 to Registrant's 1995
Annual Report on Form 10-K, is incorporated herein by this reference.
10.32 Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement dated May 24, 1996, by
and between Crestar Bank and Eldyne, Inc., Unidyne Corporation and DCS
Acquisition Sub, Inc., which was Exhibit 10.30 to Registrant's 1996
Annual Report on Form 10-K, is incorporated herein by this reference.
52
<PAGE>
10.33 Formal modification dated December 23, 1996, of the Amended and Restated
Loan and Security Agreement dated May 24, 1996, by and between Crestar
Bank and Eldyne, Inc., Unidyne Corporation and DCS Acquisition Sub, Inc.,
which was Exhibit 10.31 to Registrant's 1996 Annual Report on Form 10-K,
is incorporated herein by this reference.
21. Titan Subsidiaries as of December 31, 1997.
23. Consent of Independent Public Accountants.
27. Financial Data Schedule
53
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
THE TITAN CORPORATION
By:/S/ Gene W. Ray
-----------------------------------
Gene W. Ray
President and Chief Executive Officer
June 9, 1998
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature Title Date
--------- ----- ----
/S/ J.S. Webb Chairman of the June 9, 1998
- -------------------------- Board of Directors
J.S. Webb
/S/ Gene W. Ray President, Chief June 9, 1998
- -------------------------- Executive Officer and
Gene W. Ray Director
Senior Vice President and
- -------------------------- Chief Financial Officer
Eric M. DeMarco (Principal Financial Officer)
/S/ Deanna H. Petersen June 9, 1998
- -------------------------- Corporate Controller
Deanna H. Petersen (Principal Accounting Officer)
/S/ Charles R. Allen Director June 9, 1998
- --------------------------
Charles R. Allen
/S/ Joseph F. Caligiuri Director June 9, 1998
- --------------------------
Joseph F. Caligiuri
Director
- --------------------------
Daniel J. Fink
Director
- --------------------------
Robert E. La Blanc
/S/ Thomas G. Pownall Director June 9, 1998
- --------------------------
Thomas G. Pownall
54
<PAGE>
THE TITAN CORPORATION
SCHEDULE II - VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996, 1995 AND 1994
(in thousands of dollars)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Balance Balance
at at
beginning end
of year Additions Deductions of year
--------- --------- ---------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1997:
Allowance for doubtful accounts $ 204 $ 107 $ -- $ 311
1996:
Allowance for doubtful accounts 281 --- 77 204
1995:
Allowance for doubtful accounts 412 180 311 281
</TABLE>
55
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 23
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
As independent public accountants, we hereby consent to the incorporation of our
report, dated January 19, 1998, into the Company's previously filed Registration
Statements (as amended, as applicable) File Numbers 33-4041, 33-9570, 33-12119,
33-15680, 33-37827, 33-56762, 33-65123, 33-83402, 333-07413, 333-10919, and
333-10965.
/S/ ARTHUR ANDERSEN LLP
San Diego, California
June 10, 1998
