SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549
FORM 10Q
[ X ] Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15 (d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For quarterly period ended JANUARY 31, 1998 or
[ ] Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15 (d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Commission file number 1-8551
Hovnanian Enterprises, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 22-1851059
(State or other jurisdiction or (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
l0 Highway 35, P.O. Box 500, Red Bank, N. J. 07701
(Address of principal executive offices)
732-747-7800
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Same
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed
since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (l) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Sections l3 or l5(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
l934 during the preceding l2 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [ X ] No [ ]
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes
of common stock, as of the latest practicable date. 14,054,297 Class A Common
Shares and 7,734,963 Class B Common Shares were outstanding as of March 2, 1998.
HOVNANIAN ENTERPRISES, INC.
FORM 10Q
INDEX
PAGE NUMBER
PART I. Financial Information
Item l. Consolidated Financial Statements:
Consolidated Balance Sheets at January 31,
1998 (unaudited) and October 31, 1997 3
Consolidated Statements of Income for the three
months ended January 31, 1998 and 1997
(unaudited) 5
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity
for the three months ended January 31, 1998
(unaudited) 6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for
the three months ended January 31, 1998
and 1997 (unaudited) 7
Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements (unaudited) 8
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations 9
PART II. Other Information
Item 6(b). Exhibit 27 - Financial Data Schedules
Item 6(c). No reports on Form 8K have been filed during
the quarter for which this report is filed.
Signatures 18
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
HOVNANIAN ENTERPRISES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In Thousands)
January 31, October 31,
ASSETS 1998 1997
----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C>
Homebuilding:
Cash and cash equivalents....................... $ 9,576 $ 7,952
----------- -----------
Inventories - At cost, not in excess of fair
value:
Sold and unsold homes and lots under
development.................................. 362,808 363,592
Land and land options held for future
development or sale......................... 46,285 46,801
----------- -----------
Total Inventories........................... 409,093 410,393
----------- -----------
Receivables, deposits, and notes................ 51,549 35,723
----------- -----------
Property, plant, and equipment - net............ 17,680 18,027
----------- -----------
Prepaid expenses and other assets............... 36,515 36,708
----------- -----------
Total Homebuilding.......................... 524,413 508,803
----------- -----------
Financial Services:
Cash and cash equivalents....................... 1,167 2,598
Mortgage loans held for sale.................... 27,271 48,382
Other assets.................................... 1,815 2,518
----------- -----------
Total Financial Services.................... 30,253 53,498
----------- -----------
Investment Properties:
Held for sale:
Rental property - net......................... 4,777 23,920
Land and improvements......................... 18,698 15,026
Other assets.................................. 207 1,397
Held for investment:
Rental property - net......................... 11,075 11,412
Other assets.................................. 1,313 1,835
----------- -----------
Total Investment Properties................. 36,070 53,590
----------- -----------
Collateralized Mortgage Financing:
Collateral for bonds payable.................... 7,462 7,999
Other assets.................................... 530 627
----------- -----------
Total Collateralized Mortgage Financing..... 7,992 8,626
----------- -----------
Income Taxes Receivable - Including deferred tax
benefits........................................ 10,841 12,565
----------- -----------
Total Assets...................................... $609,569 $637,082
=========== ===========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
HOVNANIAN ENTERPRISES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In Thousands)
January 31, October 31,
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY 1998 1997
----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C>
Homebuilding:
Nonrecourse land mortgages........................ $ 25,375 $ 20,625
Accounts payable and other liabilities............ 36,392 45,521
Customers' deposits............................... 21,401 22,422
Nonrecourse mortgages secured by operating
properties...................................... 3,807 3,830
----------- -----------
Total Homebuilding............................ 86,975 92,398
----------- -----------
Financial Services:
Accounts payable and other liabilities............ 1,088 1,522
Mortgage warehouse line of credit................. 25,514 45,823
----------- -----------
Total Financial Services...................... 26,602 47,345
----------- -----------
Investment Properties:
Accounts payable and other liabilities............ 1,133 502
Nonrecourse mortgages secured by rental property.. 5,690 19,241
----------- -----------
Total Investment Properties................... 6,823 19,743
----------- -----------
Collateralized Mortgage Financing:
Accounts payable and other liabilities............ 19 10
Bonds collateralized by mortgages receivable...... 7,214 7,855
----------- -----------
Total Collateralized Mortgage Financing....... 7,233 7,865
----------- -----------
Notes Payable:
Revolving credit agreement........................ 101,625 95,000
Subordinated notes................................ 190,000 190,000
Accrued interest.................................. 6,093 5,969
----------- -----------
Total Notes Payable........................... 297,718 290,969
----------- -----------
Total Liabilities............................. 425,351 458,320
----------- -----------
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred Stock,$.01 par value-authorized 100,000
shares; none issued
Common Stock,Class A,$.01 par value-authorized
87,000,000 shares; issued 15,640,868 shares
(including 1,593,274 shares held in Treasury)... 156 156
Common Stock,Class B,$.01 par value-authorized
13,000,000 shares; issued 8,087,933 shares
(including 345,874 shares held in Treasury)..... 81 81
Paid in Capital................................... 33,935 33,935
Retained Earnings................................. 163,692 157,779
Treasury Stock - at cost.......................... (13,646) (13,189)
----------- -----------
Total Stockholders' Equity.................... 184,218 178,762
----------- -----------
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity.......... $609,569 $637,082
=========== ===========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
HOVNANIAN ENTERPRISES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In Thousands Except Per Share Data)
Three Months Ended
January 31,
-------------------
1998 1997
--------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
Revenues:
Homebuilding:
Sale of homes...................... $204,057 $115,115
Land sales and other revenues...... 2,485 960
--------- ---------
Total Homebuilding............... 206,542 116,075
Financial Services................... 3,562 1,858
Investment Properties................ 3,644 2,227
Collateralized Mortgage Financing.... 212 193
--------- ---------
Total Revenues................... 213,960 120,353
--------- ---------
Expenses:
Homebuilding:
Cost of sales...................... 169,800 100,217
Selling, general and administrative 15,657 9,896
Inventory write-off................ 1,589 -
--------- ---------
Total Homebuilding............... 187,046 110,113
--------- ---------
Financial Services................... 3,211 2,392
--------- ---------
Investment Properties................ 1,123 1,562
--------- ---------
Collateralized Mortgage Financing.... 202 247
--------- ---------
Corporate General and Administration. 4,361 3,594
--------- ---------
Interest............................. 8,476 5,492
--------- ---------
Other Operations..................... 523 808
--------- ---------
Total Expenses................... 204,942 124,208
--------- ---------
Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes...... 9,018 (3,855)
--------- ---------
State and Federal Income Taxes:
State................................ 648 365
Federal.............................. 2,457 (2,446)
--------- ---------
Total Taxes........................ 3,105 (2,081)
--------- ---------
Net Income (Loss)...................... $ 5,913 $ (1,774)
========= =========
Basic and Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per
Common Share......................... $ 0.27 $ (.08)
========= =========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
HOVNANIAN ENTERPRISES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Dollars In Thousands)
A Common Stock B Common Stock
------------------- -------------------
Shares Shares
Issued and Issued and Paid-In Retained Treasury
Outstanding Amount Outstanding Amount Capital Earnings Stock Total
----------- ------ ----------- ------ ------- -------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance, October 31, 1997. 14,097,841 $156 7,754,812 $81 $33,95 $157,779 ($13,189) $178,762
Conversion of Class B to
Class A Common Stock.... 12,753 (12,753) -
Net Income................ 5,913 5,913
Treasury stock purchases.. (63,000) (457) (457)
----------- ------ ----------- ------ ------- -------- -------- --------
Balance, January 31, 1998. 14,047,594 $156 7,742,059 $81 $33,935 $163,692 ($13,646) $184,218
=========== ====== =========== ====== ======= ======== ======== ========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
HOVNANIAN ENTERPRISES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In Thousands)
Three Months Ended
January 31,
---------------------
1998 1997
---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C>
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net Income (Loss)................................... $ 5,913 $ (1,774)
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
used in operating activities:
Depreciation.................................... 917 1,351
(Gain)loss on sale and retirement of property
and assets.................................... (2,682) -
Deferred income taxes........................... 1,720 3,597
Provision to reduce inventory to net
realizable value.............................. 1,589 -
Decrease (increase) in assets:
Escrow cash................................... 1,008 1,144
Receivables, prepaids and other assets........ (14,419) (14,159)
Mortgage notes receivable..................... 21,517 39,386
Inventories................................... (289) (43,481)
Increase (decrease) in liabilities:
State and Federal income taxes................ 5 (12,839)
Customers' deposits........................... (1,031) 5,974
Interest and other accrued liabilities........ (1,490) (2,585)
Post development completion costs............. (603) (1,574)
Accounts payable.............................. (6,679) (9,216)
---------- ----------
Net cash provided by (used) in operating
activities................................ 5,476 (34,176)
---------- ----------
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Proceeds from sale of property and assets........... 23,078 -
Purchase of property................................ (477) (971)
Investment in and advances to unconsolidated
affiliates........................................ 393 35
Investment in income producing properties........... (4,672) (44)
---------- ----------
Net cash provided by (used) in investing
activities................................ 18,322 (980)
---------- ----------
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Proceeds from mortgages and notes................... 129,564 235,077
Principal payments on mortgages and notes........... (152,730) (199,203)
Principal payments on subordinated debt............. - (10,000)
Investment in mortgage notes receivable............. 587 374
Purchase of treasury stock.......................... (457) -
---------- ----------
Net cash provided by (used) in financing
activities................................ (23,036) 26,248
---------- ----------
Net Increase (Decrease) In Cash....................... 762 (8,908)
Cash Balance, Beginning Of Period..................... 8,065 15,323
---------- ----------
Cash Balance, End Of Period.......................... $ 8,827 $ 6,415
========== ==========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
</TABLE>
HOVNANIAN ENTERPRISES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED
1. The consolidated financial statements, except for the October 31, 1997
consolidated balance sheets, have been prepared without audit. In the opinion
of management, all adjustments for interim periods presented have been made,
which include only normal recurring accruals and deferrals necessary for a fair
presentation of consolidated financial position, results of operations, and
changes in cash flows. Results for the interim periods are not necessarily
indicative of the results which might be expected for a full year.
2. Interest costs incurred, expensed and capitalized were:
Three Months Ended
January 31,
-------------------
1998 1997
-------- --------
(Dollars in Thousands)
Interest Incurred (1):
Residential (3)........... $ 6,642 $ 6,584
Commercial(4)............. 679 1,317
-------- --------
Total Incurred.......... $ 7,321 $ 7,901
======== ========
Interest Expensed:
Residential (3)........... $ 7,797 $ 4,175
Commercial (4)............ 679 1,317
-------- --------
Total Expensed......... $ 8,476 $ 5,492
======== ========
Interest Capitalized at
Beginning of Period....... $ 35,950 $ 39,152
Plus Interest Incurred...... 7,321 7,901
Less Interest Expensed...... 8,476 5,492
Less Charges to Reserves.... - 10
Less Impairment Adjustments. 4,100 -
-------- --------
Interest Capitalized at
End of Period............. $ 30,695 $ 41,551
======== ========
Interest Capitalized at
End of Period (5):
Residential(3)............ $ 28,189 $ 34,884
Commercial(2)............. 2,506 6,667
-------- --------
Total Capitalized....... $ 30,695 $ 41,551
======== ========
(1) Does not include interest incurred by the Company's mortgage and finance
subsidiaries.
(2) Does not include a reduction for depreciation.
(3) Represents acquisition interest for construction, land and development
costs which is charged to interest expense when homes are delivered and
when land is not under active development.
(4) Represents interest allocated to or incurred on long term debt for
investment properties and charged to interest expense.
(5) Commercial interest includes $184,000 reported at October 31, 1996 as
capitalized residential interest. This reclassification is a result of
the transfer of land and related capitalized interest from homebuilding
to investment properties.
3. Homebuilding accumulated depreciation at January 31, 1998 and October
31, 1997 amounted to $16,138,000 and $15,338,000, respectively. Rental property
accumulated depreciation at January 31, 1998 and October 31, 1997 amounted to
$2,648,000 and $10,450,000, respectively.
4. During the three months ended January 31, 1998 the Company has written
off the costs associated with an option in New Jersey including approval,
engineering and capitalized interest. The write off amounted to $1,589,000 and
is reported on the Consolidated Statements of Income as "Homebuilding -
Inventory Write-Off."
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY
The Company's uses for cash during the three months ended January 31, 1998
were for operating expenses, increases in housing inventories, construction,
income taxes, interest, and the repurchase of common stock. The Company
provided for its cash requirements from the revolving credit facility, sales of
commercial properties, and from housing and other revenues. The Company
believes that these sources of cash are sufficient to finance its working
capital requirements and other needs.
In December 1996 the Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase
program to purchase up to 2 million shares of Class A Common Stock. As of
March 2, 1998, 1,247,400 shares were repurchased under this program.
The Company's bank borrowings are made pursuant to a revolving credit
agreement (the "Agreement") that provides a revolving credit line of up to
$245,000,000 (the "Revolving Credit Facility") through March 2000. Interest is
payable monthly and at various rates of either prime plus 1/8% or Libor plus
1.625%. The Company recently extended the Agreement one year and believes that
it will be able either to extend the Agreement beyond March 2000 or negotiate a
replacement facility, but there can be no assurance of such extension or
replacement facility. The Company currently is in compliance and intends to
maintain compliance with its covenants under the Agreement. As of January 31,
1998, borrowings under the Agreement were $101,625,000.
The aggregate principal amount of subordinated indebtedness issued by the
Company and outstanding as of January 31, 1998 was $190,000,000. Annual sinking
fund payments of $10,000,000 and $20,000,000 are required in April 2000 and
2001, respectively, with additional payments of $60,000,000 and $100,000,000
due in April 2002 and June 2005, respectively.
The Company's mortgage banking subsidiary borrows under a bank warehousing
arrangement. Other finance subsidiaries formerly borrowed from a multi-builder
owned financial corporation and a builder owned financial corporation to finance
mortgage backed securities, but in fiscal 1988 decided to cease further
borrowing from multi-builder and builder owned financial corporations. These
non-recourse borrowings have been generally secured by mortgage loans originated
by one of the Company's subsidiaries. As of January 31, 1998, the aggregate
principal amount of all such borrowings was $32,728,000.
The book value of the Company's residential inventories, rental
condominiums, and commercial properties completed and under development amounted
to the following:
January 31, October 31,
1998 1997
------------ ------------
Residential real estate inventory.......... $409,093,000 $410,393,000
Residential rental property................ 11,075,000 11,412,000
------------ ------------
Total Residential Real Estate............ 420,168,000 421,805,000
Commercial properties...................... 23,475,000 38,946,000
------------ ------------
Combined Total........................... $443,643,000 $460,751,000
============ ============
Total residential real estate decreased $1,637,000 during the three months
ended January 31, 1998 primarily as a result of a small inventory decrease of
$1,300,000. Substantially all residential homes under construction or completed
and included in real estate inventory at January 31, 1998 are expected to be
closed during the next twelve months. Most residential real estate completed or
under development is financed through the Company's line of credit and
subordinated indebtedness.
The following table summarizes housing lots in the Company's active selling
communities under development (including Poland):
(1) (2)
Homes Contracted Remaining
Commun- Approved Deliv- Not Home Sites
ities Lots ered Delivered Available
------- -------- ------ ---------- ----------
January 31, 1998...... 85 16,285 6,202 1,678 8,405
October 31, 1997...... 88 16,252 5,817 1,846 8,589
(1) Includes 17 and 24 lots under option at January 31, 1998 and October 31,
1997, respectively.
(2) Of the total home lots available, 472 and 579 were under construction or
complete (including 103 and 101 models and sales offices), 3,652 and 3,968 were
under option, and 694 and 762 were financed through purchase money mortgages at
January 31, 1998 and October 31, 1997, respectively.
In addition, at January 31, 1998 and October 31, 1997, respectively, in
substantially completed or suspended communities, the Company owned or had under
option 230 and 254 home lots. The Company also controls a supply of land
primarily through options for future development. This land is consistent with
anticipated home building requirements in its housing markets. At January 31,
1998 the Company controlled such land to build 10,295 proposed homes, compared
to 9,736 homes at October 31, 1997.
The following table summarizes the Company's started or completed unsold
homes in active, substantially complete and suspended communities:
January 31, October 31,
1998 1997
----------------------- -----------------------
Unsold Unsold
Homes Models Total Homes Models Total
------ ------ ----- ------ ------ -----
Northeast Region.... 226 70 296 279 63 342
North Carolina...... 66 -- 66 83 -- 83
Florida............. 40 10 50 47 11 58
Virginia............ 16 10 26 16 10 26
California.......... 21 13 34 60 16 76
Poland.............. 10 1 11 10 2 12
------ ------ ----- ------ ------ -----
Total 379 104 483 495 102 597
====== ====== ===== ====== ====== =====
The Company's commercial properties represent investments in commercial
and retail facilities completed or under development (see "Investment
Properties" under "Results of Operations"). At January 31, 1998, the Company
had long-term non-recourse financing aggregating $5,690,000 on one commercial
facility, a decrease of $13,551,000 from October 31, 1997, due to the sale of
four facilities. The book value of the four facilities was $19,585,000 which
was the primary reason commercial facilities declined during the quarter.
Collateral Mortgage Financing - Collateral for bonds payable consist of
collateralized mortgages receivable which are pledged against non-recourse
collateralized mortgage obligations. Financial Services - Mortgage loans held
for sale consist of residential mortgages receivable of which $26,599,000 and
$47,660,000 at January 31, 1998 and October 31, 1997, respectively, are being
temporarily warehoused and awaiting sale in the secondary mortgage market. The
balance of such mortgages is being held as an investment by the Company. The
Company may incur risk with respect to mortgages that are delinquent, but only
to the extent the losses are not covered by mortgage insurance or resale value
of the house. Historically, the Company has incurred minimal credit losses.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED JANUARY 31, 1998 COMPARED TO
THE THREE MONTHS ENDED JANUARY 31, 1997
The Company's operations consist primarily of residential housing
development and sales in its Northeast Region (comprising of New Jersey,
southern New York State and eastern Pennsylvania), North Carolina, southeastern
Florida, northern Virginia, southwestern California and Poland. In addition,
the Company develops and operates commercial properties as long-term investments
in New Jersey, and, to a lesser extent, Florida, but is exiting this business
(see "Investment Properties" below).
Historically, the Company's first quarter produces the least amount of
deliveries for the year. The Company's management has made a concerted effort
to change this trend using new management tools to focus on delivery evenness
and through a new incentive plan. As a result, the first quarter produced
approximately 25% of the Company's estimated deliveries for fiscal 1998 compared
to 16% in the first quarter of fiscal 1997. By increasing deliveries from 612
in 1997 to 972 in 1998 the Company substantially increased net income from its
housing operations. Management is working hard to continue this trend and is
trying to ensure future quarters will show similar delivery evenness.
Important indicators of the future results of the Company are recently
signed contracts and home contract backlog for future deliveries. The Company's
sales contracts and homes in contract (using base sales prices) by market area
is set forth below:
Sales Contracts for the
Three Months Ended Contract Backlog
January 31, as of January 31,
----------------------- --------------------
1998 1997 1998 1997
--------- --------- --------- ---------
(Dollars in Thousands)
Northeast Region:
Dollars............. $ 98,814 $ 92,544 $242,604 $232,096
Homes............... 488 472 1,135 1,119
North Carolina:
Dollars............. $ 23,903 $ 31,506 $ 44,136 $ 53,108
Homes............... 133 174 230 280
Florida:
Dollars............. $ 7,802 $ 9,708 $ 24,164 $ 34,094
Homes............... 43 60 140 198
Virginia:
Dollars............. $ 3,866 $ 2,478 $ 5,967 $ 3,472
Homes............... 15 10 22 16
California:
Dollars............. $ 18,769 $ 16,268 $ 22,115 $ 12,194
Homes............... 93 79 113 68
Poland:
Dollars............. $ 1,277 $ 1,607 $ 3,673 $ 3,293
Homes............... 16 22 48 46
Totals:
Dollars............. $154,431 $154,111 $342,659 $338,257
Homes............... 788 817 1,688 1,727
Total Revenues:
Revenues for the three months ended January 31, 1998 increased $93.6
million or 77.8%, compared to the same period last year. This was the result of
an $89.0 million increase in revenues from the sale of homes, a $1.5 million
increase in land sales and other homebuilding revenues, a $1.7 million increase
in financial services revenues, and a $1.4 million increase in investment
properties revenues.
Homebuilding:
Revenues from the sale of homes increased $89.0 million or 77.3% during the
three months ended January 31, 1998, compared to the same period last year.
Revenues from sales of homes are recorded at the time each home is delivered and
title and possession have been transferred to the buyer.
Information on homes delivered by market area is set forth below:
Three Months Ended
January 31,
-------------------
1998 1997
--------- --------
(Dollars in Thousands)
Northeast Region:
Housing Revenues..... $139,011 $ 63,440
Homes Delivered...... 640 330
North Carolina:
Housing Revenues..... $ 25,676 $ 22,042
Homes Delivered...... 135 127
Florida:
Housing Revenues..... $ 9,512 $ 13,828
Homes Delivered...... 53 79
Virginia:
Housing Revenues..... $ 6,118 $ 3,407
Homes Delivered...... 20 18
California:
Housing Revenues..... $ 23,121 $ 12,333
Homes Delivered...... 117 57
Poland:
Housing Revenues..... $ 619 $ 65
Homes Delivered...... 7 1
Totals:
Housing Revenues..... $204,057 $115,115
Homes Delivered...... 972 612
The increase in the number of homes delivered was due to the Company's
efforts to even out deliveries during the year as noted above. The Company was
most successful in achieving evenness in its Northeast Region and California.
In Florida, deliveries declined since the Company cut back its operations due to
a dissatisfaction with its performance.
During the first quarter of fiscal 1998 the Company has written off
approval, engineering and capitalized interest costs associated with an option
in New Jersey amounting to $1,589,000. The Company let the option expire
because of changes in local market conditions and it was having difficulties
obtaining government approvals.
Cost of sales include expenses for housing and land and lot sales. A
breakout of such expenses for housing sales and housing gross margin is set
forth below:
Three Months Ended
January 31,
-------------------
1998 1997
-------- --------
(Dollars in Thousands)
Sale of Homes................ $204,057 $115,115
Cost of Sales................ 168,528 99,783
-------- --------
Housing Gross Margin......... $ 35,529 $ 15,332
======== ========
Gross Margin Percentage...... 17.4% 13.3%
Cost of Sales expenses as a percentage of home sales revenues are presented
below:
Three Months Ended
January 31,
-------------------
1998 1997
-------- --------
Sale of Homes................ 100.0% 100.0%
-------- --------
Cost of Sales:
Housing, land &
development costs.... 74.4% 76.8%
Commissions............ 1.8% 2.0%
Financing concessions.. 0.7% 1.0%
Overheads.............. 5.7% 6.9%
-------- --------
Total Cost of Sales.......... 82.6% 86.7%
-------- --------
Gross Margin................. 17.4% 13.3%
======== ========
The Company sells a variety of home types in various local communities,
each yielding a different gross margin. As a result, depending on the mix of
both communities and of home types delivered, consolidated quarterly gross
margin will fluctuate up or down and may not be representative of the
consolidated gross margin for the year. In addition, gross margin percentages
are higher in the Northeast Region compared to the Company's other markets. For
the three months ended January 31, 1998 the Company's gross margin increased
4.1% compared to the same period last year. This can be attributed to a higher
percentage of Northeast Region deliveries amounting to 68% in 1998 compared to
55% in 1997. In addition, except for Florida gross margins were higher in all
the Company's U. S. markets. Higher margins are attributed to the Company being
able to increase sales prices and decrease incentives. Also, decreased
overheads are the result of higher production levels for the quarter.
Selling, general, and administrative expenses as a percentage of total
homebuilding revenues, decreased to 7.6% for the three months ended January 31,
1998 from 8.5% for the prior year three months. Such expenses increased during
the three months ended January 31, 1998 $5.8 million compared to the same period
last year. The percentage decrease and dollar increase in selling, general and
administrative is principally due to increased deliveries.
Land Sales and Other Revenues:
Land sales and other revenues consist primarily of land and lot sales. A
breakout of land and lot sales is set forth below:
Three Months Ended
January 31,
------------------
1998 1997
-------- --------
Land and Lot Sales................ $ 1,597 $ 544
Cost of Sales..................... 1,272 434
-------- --------
Land and Lot Sales Gross Margin... 325 110
Interest Expense.................. 158 103
-------- --------
Land and Lot Sales Profit Before
Tax............................. $ 167 $ 7
======== ========
Land and lot sales are incidental to the Company's residential housing
operations and are expected to continue in the future but may significantly
fluctuate up or down.
Financial Services
Financial services consist primarily of originating mortgages from sales of
the Company's homes, and selling such mortgages in the secondary market and
title insurance activities. For the three months ended January 31, 1998
financial services provided a $0.4 million pretax profit compared to a loss of
$0.5 million in 1997. This was a direct result of the Company's mortgage
banking and title subsidiaries originating a higher volume of mortgages and
title policies, respectively, due to the housing operations increased volume.
The Company recently initiated efforts to originate mortgages from unrelated
third parties and expects these third party loans to increase as a percentage of
the Company's total loan volume over the next few years.
Investment Properties
Investment Properties consist of rental properties, property management,
and gains or losses from the sale of such property. At the end of the second
quarter of 1997 the Company announced that it was planning an orderly exit from
the investment properties business. The Company is selling its investment
properties (except for the two senior citizen rental communities) and during
the quarter ended January 31, 1998 sold four facilities. At January 31, 1998
the Company has one retail facility remaining and is a 50% partner in a joint
venture also owning a retail facility. Both are under contract and expected to
close prior to the end of fiscal 1998. In addition the Company has various
parcels of land approved for commercial development. The Company has contracts
on all parcels and expects to close all sales by October 31, 1998.
Collateralized Mortgage Financing
In the years prior to February 29, 1988 the Company pledged mortgage loans
originated by its mortgage banking subsidiaries against collateralized mortgage
obligations ("CMO's"). Subsequently the Company discontinued its CMO program.
As a result, CMO operations are diminishing as pledged loans are decreasing
through principal amortization and loan payoffs, and related bonds are reduced.
In recent years, as a result of bonds becoming callable, the Company has also
sold a portion of its CMO pledged mortgages.
Corporate General and Administrative
Corporate general and administration expenses includes the operations at
the Company's headquarters in Red Bank, New Jersey. Such expenses include the
Company's executive offices, information services, human resources, corporate
accounting, training, treasury, process redesign, internal audit, and
administration of insurance, quality, and safety. As a percentage of total
revenues such expenses decreased to 2.0% for the three months ended January 31,
1998 from 3.0% for the prior year three months. Corporate general and
administration expenses increased $0.8 million during the three months ended
January 31, 1998 compared to the same period last year. This increase is
primarily attributed to increased bonus accruals based on 1998 projected
increase in Return on Equity, increased depreciation from the amortization of
capitalized process redesign costs in prior years and increased process redesign
costs in 1998.
Interest
Interest expense includes housing, land and lot, and rental properties
interest. Interest expense is broken down as follows:
Three Months Ended
January 31,
------------------
1998 1997
-------- --------
Sale of Homes.............. $ 7,638 $ 4,072
Land and Lot Sales......... 158 103
Rental Properties.......... 680 1,317
-------- --------
Total...................... $ 8,476 $ 5,492
======== ========
Housing interest as a percentage of sale of homes revenues amounted to 3.8%
for the three months ended January 31, 1998 compared to 3.6% for the three
months ended January 31, 1997. The increase in the percentage for the three
months ended January 31, 1998 was primarily the result of the Company
discontinuing the capitalization of interest on communities in planning which
are not under active development.
Other Operations
Other operations consist primarily of miscellaneous residential housing
operations expenses, amortization of prepaid subordinated note issuance expenses
and corporate owned life insurance loan interest. The Company's title operation
expenses have been reclassified to financial services.
Total Taxes
Total taxes as a percentage of income before taxes amounted to
approximately 3.8% for the three months ended January 31, 1998. Due to the loss
for the three months ended January 31, 1998 net tax credits amounted to $2.1
million. Deferred federal and state income tax assets primarily represent the
deferred tax benefits arising from temporary differences between book and tax
income which will be recognized in future years.
Inflation
Inflation has a long-term effect on the Company because increasing costs of
land, materials and labor result in increasing sale prices of its homes. In
general, these price increases have been commensurate with the general rate of
inflation in the Company's housing market and have not had a significant adverse
effect on the sale of the Company's homes. A significant risk faced by the
housing industry generally is that rising house costs, including land and
interest costs, will substantially outpace increases in the income of potential
purchasers. In recent years, in the price ranges in which it sells homes, the
Company has not found this risk to be a significant problem.
Inflation has a lesser short-term effect on the Company because the Company
generally negotiates fixed price contracts with its subcontractors and material
suppliers for the construction of its homes. These prices usually are
applicable for a specified number of residential buildings or for a time period
of between four to twelve months. Construction costs for residential buildings
represent approximately 56% of the Company's total costs and expenses.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of l934,
the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
HOVNANIAN ENTERPRISES, INC.
(Registrant)
DATE: March 9, 1998 /S/J. LARRY SORSBY
J. Larry Sorsby,
Senior Vice President,
Treasurer and
Chief Financial Officer
DATE: March 9, 1998 /S/PAUL W. BUCHANAN
Paul W. Buchanan,
Senior Vice President
Corporate Controller
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<ARTICLE> 5
<MULTIPLIER> 1000
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> 3-mos
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> OCT-31-1998
<PERIOD-END> JAN-31-1998
<CASH> 10,743
<SECURITIES> 0
<RECEIVABLES> 51,549
<ALLOWANCES> 0
<INVENTORY> 409,093
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 538,829
<PP&E> 35,306
<DEPRECIATION> 17,626
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 609,569
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 210,640
<BONDS> 206,711
<COMMON> 237
0
0
<OTHER-SE> 183,981
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 609,569
<SALES> 205,654
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 213,960
<CGS> 169,800
<TOTAL-COSTS> 196,466
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 0
<LOSS-PROVISION> 0
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 8,476
<INCOME-PRETAX> 9,018
<INCOME-TAX> 3,105
<INCOME-CONTINUING> 5,913
<DISCONTINUED> 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> 5,913
<EPS-PRIMARY> 0.27
<EPS-DILUTED> 0.27
</TABLE>
