<PAGE> 1
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997 Commission file number 1-496
--------------------------------------------
HERCULES INCORPORATED
A DELAWARE CORPORATION
L.R.S. EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NO. 51-0023450
HERCULES PLAZA
1313 NORTH MARKET STREET
WILMINGTON, DELAWARE 19894-0001
TELEPHONE: 302-594-5000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act
(Each class is registered on the New York Stock Exchange, Inc.)
Title of each class
Common Stock ($25/48 Stated Value)
6 1/2% Convertible Subordinated Debentures due June 30, 1999
8% Convertible Subordinated Debentures due August 15, 2010
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X No
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to
Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained,
to the best of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K. [ ]
As of March 2, 1998, registrant had outstanding 95,916,593 shares of
common stock, $25/48 stated value ("Common Stock"), which is registrant's only
class of common stock.
The aggregate market value of registrant's Common Stock held by
non-affiliates based on the closing price on March 2, 1998 was approximately
$4.9 billion.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
(SPECIFIC PAGES INCORPORATED ARE IDENTIFIED UNDER THE APPLICABLE ITEM HEREIN.)
Portions of the registrant's definitive Proxy Statement dated March 20,
1998 (the "Proxy Statement") are incorporated by reference in Part lll of this
Report. Other documents incorporated by reference in this report are listed in
the Exhibit Index (see page 43).
<PAGE> 2
PART I
(Dollars in millions, except per share)
ITEM 1. BUSINESS:
Hercules Incorporated ("Hercules" or the "company") is a diversified,
worldwide producer of chemicals and related products. The company was
incorporated in Delaware in 1912. During 1997, Hercules joint ventured its
Fibers Division (which produced polypropylene fiber and textile yarns) of its
Chemical Specialties segment. In 1996, Hercules divested its Composite Products
Division (which produced graphite fiber) of its Corporate and other segment. In
1995, Hercules divested its Aerospace segment (which produced solid fuel
systems) and the Electronics & Printing Division (which produced photopolymer
resins for printing and publishing applications) of its Food & Functional
Products segment. Accordingly, information related to the Aerospace segment,
Electronics & Printing Division, Composite Products Division, and Fibers
Division has been omitted in this Form 10-K, except where relevant.
INDUSTRY SEGMENTS
Hercules operates, both domestically and throughout the world, in two
industry segments: Chemical Specialties and Food & Functional Products. The
financial information regarding Hercules' industry segments, which includes net
sales and profit from operations for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 1997 and identifiable assets as of December 31, 1997, 1996, and
1995, is provided in Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Information regarding principal products produced and sold by each industry
segment and principal markets served by each segment is presented in the columns
so designated in the segment table presented below. These products are sold
directly to customers from plants and warehouses, as well as being sold in some
cases (particularly in markets outside the United States) to and through
distributors.
BUSINESS UNITS PRINCIPAL PRODUCTS PRIMARY MARKETS
- -------------- ------------------ ---------------
Chemical Specialties
Paper Technology Reactive sizes, Writing and printing
rosin size, paper, tissues and
dispersed rosin toweling, liquid
sizes, wet-strength packaging, kraft
resins, wax paper, corrugated
emulsions, and linerboard
defoamers, and packaging, and kraft
retention aids. specialties.
Resins Rosin resins, Adhesives for tapes
hydrocarbon resins, labels, carpet
peroxides. backing, packaging,
and sealants;
graphic arts,
particularly inks
and toners; rubber,
including plastic
compounds for wire
and cable
insulation; the
construction
industry; and
household products.
Food & Functional Products
Aqualon Carboxymethylcellulose, Paints and lacquers,
hydroxypropylcellulose, adhesives, paper,
ethylcellulose, personal care
nitrocellulose, products and
, hydroxy- cosmetics,
ethylcellulose, pharmaceuticals,
methylcellulose, and food and beverages,
pentaerythritol. inks, oil well
drilling, rubber,
and smokeless
powder.
Food Gums Pectin, carrageenan, Processed meats,
agar. jellies and jams,
baked goods,
convenience foods,
and beverages.
In general, Hercules does not produce against a backlog of firm orders;
production is geared primarily to the level of incoming orders and the
projections of future demand. Inventories of finished products, work in process,
and raw materials are maintained to meet delivery requirements of customers and
Hercules' production schedules.
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The businesses of each of the segments are not seasonal to any significant
extent.
RAW MATERIALS AND ENERGY
Raw materials and supplies are purchased from a variety of industry
sources, including agricultural, forestry, mining, petroleum, and chemical
industries.
The important raw materials for the Chemical Specialties segment are
d-limonene, turpentine, crude tall oil, rosin, pine wood stumps, aromatic and
aliphatic resin formers, ketones, cumene, catalysts, alcohols, pure monomers,
toluene, clay, phenol, adipic acid, epichlorohydrin, fumaric acid, process oils,
stearic acid, diethylenetriamine, phosphorus trichloride, wax, casein, starch,
pigments, and antioxidants.
Raw materials important to the Food & Functional Products segment are
acetaldehyde, fatty acids, chemical cotton, woodpulp, ethyl chloride, alcohols,
chlorine, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, monochloroacetic acid, methyl
chloride, caustic, inorganic acids, fruit and floral extracts, guar splits,
seaweed, terpenes, and citrus peel.
Major requirements for key raw materials and fuels are typically purchased
pursuant to multi-year contracts. Hercules is not dependent on any one supplier
for a material amount of its raw material or fuel requirements, but certain
important raw materials are obtained from sole-source or a few major suppliers.
While temporary shortages of raw materials and fuels may occur
occasionally, these items are currently readily available. However, their
continuing availability and price are subject to domestic and world market and
political conditions as well as to the direct or indirect effect of United
States Government regulations. The impact of any future raw material and energy
shortages on Hercules' business as a whole or in specific world areas cannot be
accurately predicted. Operations and products may, at times, be adversely
affected by legislation, shortages or international or domestic events.
COMPETITION
Hercules encounters substantial competition in each of its two industry
segments. This competition, from other manufacturers of the same products and
from manufacturers of different products designed for the same uses, is expected
to continue in both the United States and markets outside the United States.
Some of Hercules' competitors, such as companies engaged in petroleum
operations, have more direct access to raw materials, and some have greater
financial resources than Hercules.
The number of Hercules' principal competitors varies from product to
product. It is not practicable to estimate the number of all competitors because
of the large variety of Hercules' products, the markets served and the worldwide
business interests of Hercules.
PATENTS AND TRADEMARKS
Patents covering a variety of products and processes have been issued to
Hercules and its assignees. In addition, Hercules is licensed under certain
other patents covering the products and processes. Taken as a whole, the rights
of Hercules under these patents and licenses, which expire from time to time,
are considered by Hercules to constitute a valuable asset. However, Hercules
does not consider any single patent or license, or any group thereof related to
a specific product or process, to be of material importance to its business as a
whole.
Hercules also has registered trademarks for a number of its products. Some
of the more significant trademarks include: AQUAPEL(R) sizing agent, HERCON(R)
sizing emulsions, KYMENE(R) resin, REGALREZ(R) resin, AQUALON(R) water-soluble
polymers, SLENDID(R) fat replacer, NATROSOL(R) hydroxyethylcellulose,
CULMINAL(R) methylcellulose, KLUCEL(R) hydroxypropylcellulose, NATROSOL FPS(R)
water-soluble polymer suspension, and PRECIS(R) sizing agent.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Research and development, which is directed toward the discovery and
development of new products and processes, the improvement and refinement of
existing products and processes and development of new applications for existing
products, is primarily company-sponsored. Hercules spent $53 million on
2
<PAGE> 4
research activities during 1997, as compared to $56 million in 1996 and $59
million in 1995. During the three-year period, research and development
expenditures for the Chemical Specialties and Food & Functional Products
segments were between 1.9% and 2.4% of sales.
ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS
Hercules believes that it is in compliance in all material respects with
applicable federal, state, and local environmental laws and regulations.
Expenditures relating to environmental cleanup costs have not and are not
expected to materially affect capital expenditures or competitive position.
Additional information regarding environmental matters is provided in Note 18 to
the Consolidated Financial Statements.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 1997, Hercules had 6,221 employees worldwide.
Approximately 3,621 were located in the United States, and of these employees
about 37% were represented by various local or national unions.
INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
Information on net sales, profit from operations, identifiable assets by
geographic areas, and the amount of export sales, for each of the last three
years appears in Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Hercules'
operations outside the United States are subject to the usual risks and
limitations related to investments in foreign countries, such as fluctuations in
currency values, exchange control regulations, wage and price controls,
employment regulations, effects of foreign investment laws, governmental
instability (including expropriation or confiscation of assets) and other
potentially detrimental domestic and foreign governmental policies affecting
United States companies doing business abroad.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES:
The company's corporate headquarters and major research center are located
in Wilmington, Delaware. Information as to Hercules' principal manufacturing
facilities and the industry segment served by each is presented below.
All principal properties are owned by Hercules except for the company's
corporate headquarters, which is leased.
The following are Hercules' major worldwide plants:
Chemical Specialties - Aberdeen, Scotland; Beringen, Belgium; Brunswick,
Georgia; Burlington, Ontario, Canada; Busnago, Italy; Chicopee,
Massachusetts; Franklin, Virginia; Gibbstown, New Jersey; Hattiesburg,
Mississippi; Jefferson, Pennsylvania; Kalamazoo, Michigan; Kim Cheon,
Korea; Lilla Edet, Sweden; Mexico City, Mexico; Middelburg, the
Netherlands; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Nantou, Taiwan; Pandaan, Indonesia;
Paulinia, Brazil; Pendlebury, England; Portland, Oregon; St.-Jean, Quebec,
Canada; San Juan del Rio, Mexico; Sandarne, Sweden; Savannah, Georgia;
Shanghai, China; Sobernheim, Germany; Tampere, Finland; Tarragona, Spain;
Tokushima, Japan; Traun, Austria; Uruapan, Mexico; Voreppe, France;
Zwijndrecht, the Netherlands.
Food & Functional Products - Alizay, France; Cebu, the Philippines; Doel,
Belgium; Grossenbrode, Germany; Hopewell, Virginia; Kenedy, Texas; La
Calera, Chile; Lille Skensved, Denmark; Louisiana, Missouri; Parlin, New
Jersey; Zwijndrecht, the Netherlands.
Hercules plants and facilities, which are continually added to and
modernized, are generally considered to be in good condition and adequate for
business operations. From time to time Hercules discontinues operations at, or
disposes of, facilities that have for one reason or another become unsuitable.
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<PAGE> 5
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS:
For discussion of legal proceedings see Note 18 to the Hercules Financial
Statements.
In September 1993, Hercules and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) Region 1 reached an agreement in principle in settlement of the EPA's
claims that Hercules violated its wastewater permit with the City of Chicopee
and the Federal pretreatment standard for industrial users of publicly owned
treatment works at its Chicopee, Massachusetts, facility. Hercules signed a
Consent Decree, which was entered by the court on December 15, 1994, based on
this agreement, requiring supplemental environmental projects (at a cost of
approximately $375,000), compliance with permit limits in the future, and
$250,000 in fines. Hercules has paid the $250,000 fine and has completed
performance of the supplemental environmental projects. Hercules has initiated
those actions necessary to obtain court approval for the termination of the
Consent Decree.
Hercules received a letter from the New Jersey Department of Environmental
Protection (the "Department") dated March 9, 1995, which stated that the
Department was considering an enforcement action against Hercules for alleged
noncompliance with the terms of a 1993 Administrative Consent Order ("ACO") at
its Kenvil, New Jersey, facility and other alleged violations. The ACO covered
alleged violations of the Air Pollution Control Act. The other alleged
violations were under the Spill Compensation and Control Act, the New Jersey
Water Pollution Control Act, and the New Jersey Safe Drinking Water Act. On
March 4, 1997, Hercules received from the Department a formal demand for payment
of stipulated penalties under the ACO as well as for civil penalties for the
other alleged violations. Hercules finalized an agreement in principle with the
Department and payment of $2.4 million was made during the fourth quarter 1997.
In December 1997, Hercules received notice of an enforcement action by the
State of Georgia, Environmental Protection Department (EPD). EPD has requested
that Hercules enter into a proposed Consent Order, alleging violations of the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and seeking a civil penalty of
$250,000. Hercules has entered into settlement discussions with EPD in an
attempt to resolve this matter.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS:
No matter was submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth
quarter of 1997, through the solicitations of proxies or otherwise.
4
<PAGE> 6
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT:
The name, age, and current position of each executive officer (as defined
by Securities and Exchange Commission rules) of the company as of March 2, 1998,
are listed below. Each of the officers, except Richard G. Dahlen and John M.
Bondur, have served in one or more executive capacities with the company and/or
its affiliates during the past five years. Richard Dahlen was employed by
Monsanto Company for 30 years, holding positions in its Law Department. He
joined Hercules in 1996 as vice president and general counsel. John Bondur
joined Hercules in 1997 as vice president, Human Resources. Prior to joining
Hercules, Mr. Bondur was senior vice president, Human Resources and
Communications, for Witco Corporation. There are no family relationships among
executive officers.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NAME AGE CURRENT POSITION
<S> <C> <C>
R. Keith Elliott 56 Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Vincent J. Corbo 54 President and Chief Operating Officer
Dominick W. DiDonna 49 Senior Vice President, International, and General
Manager, Paper Technology
Reid J. Frazier 43 Senior Vice President and General Manager, Aqualon
George MacKenzie 48 Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
C. Doyle Miller 57 Senior Vice President
Harry J. Tucci 57 Senior Vice President, Corporate Development
John M. Bondur 54 Vice President, Human Resources
Richard G. Dahlen 58 Vice President and General Counsel
Israel J. Floyd 51 Corporate Secretary and Assistant General Counsel
Robert E. Gallant 49 Vice President, Investor Relations and Public Affairs
Bruce W. Jester 46 Vice President, Taxes
Vikram Jog 41 Vice President and Controller
Jan M. King 48 Vice President and Treasurer
Michael J. Scott 46 Vice President, Business Analysis, and Assistant
Controller
Stuart C. Shears 47 Assistant Treasurer
</TABLE>
5
<PAGE> 7
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON STOCK AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS:
Hercules Incorporated common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange
(ticker symbol HPC), The Stock Exchange, London, and the Swiss Stock Exchanges.
It is also traded on the Philadelphia, Midwest, and Pacific Exchanges.
The approximate number of holders of record of common stock ($25/48 stated
value) as of January 31, 1998, was 19,815.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Period High Low
------ ---- ---
<S> <C> <C>
1996
First Quarter............................................... 66 1/4 54
Second Quarter.............................................. 62 7/8 53 3/8
Third Quarter............................................... 56 3/8 47 1/2
Fourth Quarter.............................................. 56 1/4 42 3/4
1997
First Quarter............................................... 47 7/8 41 1/2
Second Quarter.............................................. 49 3/16 37 3/4
Third Quarter............................................... 54 1/2 47 7/8
Fourth Quarter.............................................. 50 3/4 41 9/16
</TABLE>
On December 31, 1997, the closing price of the common stock was 50 1/16.
The company has paid quarterly cash dividends as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1996 ................................. $0.23 $0.23 $0.23 $0.23
1997 ................................. $0.25 $0.25 $0.25 $0.25
</TABLE>
6
<PAGE> 8
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA:
A summary of selected financial data for Hercules for the years and year
ends specified is set forth in the table below.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Dollars and shares in millions, except per share)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOR THE YEAR 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales $1,866 $2,060 $2,427 $2,821 $2,773
Profit from operations 228 441 363 419 308
Income before extraordinary item and
effect of change in accounting principles 324 325 333 274 208
Net income (loss) 319 325 333 274 (33)
Dividends 98 95 95 89 95
Per share of common stock*
Basic:
Earnings before extraordinary item and
effect of change in accounting principles 3.27 3.10 2.98 2.32 1.64
Earnings (loss) 3.22 3.10 2.98 2.32 (.26)
Diluted:
Earnings before extraordinary item and
effect of change in accounting principles 3.18 2.98 2.87 2.23 1.54
Earnings (loss) 3.13 2.98 2.87 2.23 (.25)
Dividends 1.00 .92 .84 .75 .75
Total assets 2,411 2,386 2,493 2,941 3,162
Long-term debt 419 345 298 307 317
</TABLE>
* Per share amounts for all periods presented have been restated to conform
with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.
128, "Earnings per Share," adopted in the fourth quarter of 1997.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS:
This discussion should be read in connection with the information contained
in the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto.
In early 1997, Hercules announced several changes in executive leadership and
the adoption of alternative strategies intended to strengthen its current
businesses. These measures are designed to improve manufacturing capacity
utilization, create operating efficiencies, and eliminate redundant functions.
As a result, the company has shut down certain high-cost manufacturing
facilities, consolidated redundant manufacturing locations, and initiated work
force reductions, with a goal of achieving a more realistic balance between
selling prices and volumes. (See Note 11.) It is the company's goal to
substantially complete these programs by mid-1998. These actions are expected to
have a favorable effect on future before-tax earnings in the range of $20
million to $25 million on an annualized basis, beginning in 1998.
The table below reflects the results of operations on an adjusted basis. The
amounts exclude the results of operations of the Aerospace segment, divested in
March 1995; the Electronics & Printing Division and Aroma Chemicals business
units of the Food & Functional Products segment, divested in December 1995 and
December 1996, respectively; the Fibers Division (joint ventured in June 1997)
and the Ink Resins business unit (divested in November 1996) of the Chemical
Specialties segment; and the Composite Products Division of the Corporate and
other segment, divested in June 1996.
Additionally, the 1997 results exclude the effects of asset rationalizations and
impairment, severance, benefits, and other adjustments aggregating $167 million.
(See Note 11.) 1996 has been adjusted to exclude $13 million of probable
environmental recoveries, a $2 million favorable settlement of an
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environmental remediation claim reported in the Corporate and other segment, and
$3 million related to spare-part inventories. 1995 has been adjusted to exclude
$34 million ($14 million in Chemical Specialties and $20 million in Food &
Functional Products) of selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) expenses,
primarily from the early vesting of the 1993 and 1994 long-term incentive
compensation programs and the grant of stock awards to all Hercules employees;
and $24 million of environmental charges, primarily related to the Jacksonville
site, reported in the Corporate and other segment.
The table should make it easier to compare year-over-year operating results.
Accordingly, the discussion that follows speaks to the comparisons in the table
through profit from operations.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Dollars in millions) (Unaudited)
1997 1996 1995
-------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales $ 1,782 $ 1,774 $ 1,840
Cost of sales 1,101 1,095 1,175
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 243 234 254
Research and development 52 50 49
Other operating expenses (income), net -- (3) 19
-------------------------------------
Profit from operations $ 386 $ 398 $ 343
=====================================
Net sales by industry segment
Chemical Specialties $ 885 $ 880 $ 891
Food & Functional Products 895 891 943
Corporate and other 2 3 6
-------------------------------------
Total $ 1,782 $ 1,774 $ 1,840
=====================================
Profit from operations by industry segment
Chemical Specialties $ 169 $ 191 $ 179
Food & Functional Products 224 210 186
Corporate and other (7) (3) (22)
-------
Total $ 386 $ 398 $ 343
=====================================
</TABLE>
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
(All comparisons are with the previous year, unless otherwise stated.)
Net sales revenues were relatively flat in 1997 while volumes increased on both
a consolidated and segment basis. In the Chemical Specialties segment, paper
chemicals volumes were higher on increased market share of wet-strength
products, particularly in Europe, and increased alkaline-size volume associated
with stronger industry-wide operating rates. Resins volumes were higher on
increased demand in the construction, adhesives, and tape markets. In the Food &
Functional Products segment, volumes also increased, particularly in
water-soluble polymer applications in the paint and construction markets.
Additionally, fruit and bakery applications contributed to a favorable volume
variance in Food Gums. These volume improvements were almost completely offset
by weaker foreign currencies relative to the dollar and lower prices. Weaker
foreign currencies impacted consolidated sales $88 million, or 5%; $37 million,
or 4%, in Chemical Specialties; and $51 million, or 6%, in Food & Functional
Products.
In 1996, consolidated sales declined $66 million, or 4%. Chemical Specialties
segment sales declined $11 million, or 1%, while Food & Functional Products
segment sales declined $52 million, or 6%. In Chemical Specialties, lower demand
in the construction, adhesives, and tape markets, and unfavorable rates of
exchange, were partially offset by increased volume of wet-strength and
alkaline-size products in Europe and new paper chemicals business in Asia and
South America. In Food & Functional Products the decline relates primarily to
lower overall volume in construction, oil field, and food markets, coupled with
unfavorable rates of exchange, partially offset by favorable pricing in
water-soluble polymers.
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<PAGE> 10
Profit from operations: Consolidated profit from operations decreased $12
million, or 3%, while Chemical Specialties profits decreased $22 million, or
12%, and Food & Functional Products profits increased $14 million, or 7%, in
1997. The variances reflect the increased volumes noted above and manufacturing
cost improvements, offset by significantly weaker foreign currencies relative to
the dollar, which negatively impacted consolidated profit from operations $19
million, or 5%; Chemical Specialties profits $6 million, or 4%; and Food &
Functional Products profits $12 million, or 5%. Additionally, Chemical
Specialties profits and margins were adversely affected by higher manufacturing
costs at several Resins plants, resulting from the introduction of new processes
and operability issues, and lower pricing in Paper Technology, due to
competitive pressures.
In 1996, profit from operations increased on both a consolidated and segment
basis despite the sales decline. Consolidated profit from operations increased
$55 million, or 16%, while Chemical Specialties profits increased $12 million,
or 7%, and Food & Functional Products profits increased $24 million, or 13%.
Both the Chemical Specialties and Food & Functional Products segments benefited
from revisions to long-term incentive compensation plans in 1995 (see Note 8),
which reduced 1996 SG&A expenses, and manufacturing cost improvements, which
increased overall gross margins to 38% from 36%. Additionally, the Corporate and
other segment benefited from lower environmental remediation costs.
Hercules anticipates the markets it serves to strengthen in 1998. This, along
with programs to improve its competitive position and portfolio of products,
should result in volume improvements. However, because the company supplies
relatively mature industries, high growth rates will be difficult to achieve.
The economic situation in Asia continues to be of concern and the strengthening
of the dollar, along with competitive pricing pressures, adds additional
challenges in meeting financial goals. Manufacturing cost improvements will
continue to be a critical element of success.
Equity in income of affiliated companies decreased $23 million in 1997. The
decline primarily reflects the loss of equity earnings from the company's
investments in Tastemaker, a 50%-owned flavors joint venture, which was
monetized in March 1997, and the sale of 2.78 million shares of Alliant
Techsystems common stock held by the company. (See Note 17.) As a result, the
company's investment in Alliant Techsystems is no longer accounted for on the
equity method. In 1996, equity earnings increased $12 million, reflecting
improved Tastemaker earnings and a full year of equity earnings from the
company's 30% stake in Alliant Techsystems, acquired in March 1995 in
conjunction with the sale of the Aerospace segment.
Interest and debt expense increased $4 million and $7 million in 1997 and 1996,
respectively, reflecting higher average debt over the respective periods.
Other income (expense), net (see Note 13), increased $348 million in 1997 and
decreased $103 million in 1996. The increase in 1997 reflects the gain on
monetization of investments, primarily Tastemaker and Alliant, and increased
interest income, primarily related to the $500 million note received as part of
the Tastemaker transaction. (See Note 17.) In 1996, the decrease reflects the
gains on the sale of the Aerospace segment and Electronics & Printing Division
in 1995.
The provision for income taxes reflects effective tax rates of 45% in 1997, 33%
in 1996, and 34% in 1995. The 1997 rate was unfavorably affected by a relatively
higher rate on the monetization of the Tastemaker and Alliant investments, along
with required increases to tax reserves related to anticipated tax assessments
by federal, state, and foreign tax authorities. Excluding these items, the 1997
effective tax rate would have been 33%. The 1996 rate was favorably affected by
the use of tax loss carryforwards, while the 1995 rate reflects use of foreign
tax credits and a state income tax settlement related to a prior year's sale of
an investment.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
Liquidity and financial resources: Net cash flow from operations was $187
million in 1997, $225 million in 1996, and $328 million in 1995. The decrease in
1997 primarily relates to lower trade payables, severance payments (see Note
11), and higher legal and environmental spending, partially offset by lower tax
payments. The decrease in 1996 primarily relates to higher tax payments and
increased working
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<PAGE> 11
capital requirements. The higher tax payments in 1996 relate to the divestiture
of the Electronics & Printing Division and payments related to prior years'
federal income tax audits. In March 1997, Hercules completed transactions to
monetize its investment in Tastemaker. According to the provisions of the
transactions, Hercules received approximately $108 million in cash, subject to
post-closing adjustments. (See Notes 13 and 17.) In addition, Hercules retained
a $500 million, five-year note, with an early payment provision of three years,
classified as held to maturity. The net cash value of the transaction to
Hercules will approximate $550 million. Cash is being utilized to repurchase
shares unless and until a more attractive investment appears. In October 1997,
Hercules entered into an agreement with Alliant Techsystems providing for the
disposition of 3.86 million shares of Alliant common stock held by Hercules for
approximately $220 million in cash. Under the agreement, 2.78 million shares
were sold in November 1997 for $154 million in cash. The remaining 1.08 million
shares are subject to a put/call arrangement between Hercules and Alliant and
should result in Hercules selling the remaining shares to Alliant in four equal
installments during 1998 for aggregate proceeds of approximately $60 million.
Total proceeds from asset disposals were $295 million in 1997, $196 million in
1996, and $376 million in 1995.
In addition to internally generated cash, various credit sources are available
to the company. These include short-term lines of credit, of which $172 million
was available at December 31, 1997, and revolving credit agreements with several
banks providing $700 million, of which $455 million was available at December
31, 1997. In addition, during the year the company increased the amount
accessible under shelf registrations from $50 million to $300 million.
During the year, the company restructured its property damage and business
interruption insurance, reducing the deductible to $25 million from $50 million,
while enhancing coverage and maintaining premium costs.
Commitments and capital structure: Total capitalization (stockholders' equity
plus debt) remained relatively flat at $1.4 billion at December 31, 1997.
Stockholders' equity declined $197 million as share repurchases continued, while
total debt increased $36 million. As a result, total debt as a percentage of
capitalization increased to 50% from 43%.
Fluctuations in interest and foreign currency exchange rates affect the
company's financial position and results of operations. The company uses several
strategies to actively hedge interest rate and foreign currency exposure and
minimize the effect of such fluctuations on reported earnings and cash flow.
(See "Foreign Currency Translation" and "Financial Instruments and Hedging" in
the Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Notes 13 and 16.) The
discussion below presents the sensitivity of the market value of the company's
financial instruments to selected changes in market rates and prices. The range
of changes chosen reflects the company's view of changes, which are reasonably
possible over a one-year period. Market values are the present value of
projected future cash flows based on the market rates and prices chosen. The
market values for interest rate risk are calculated by the company utilizing a
third-party software model that utilizes standard pricing models to determine
the present value of the instruments based on the market conditions as of the
valuation date.
The company's derivative and other financial instruments subject to interest
rate risk consist of debt instruments, interest rate swaps, and the five-year
$500 million note received as a result of the Tastemaker transaction. At
December 31, 1997, net market value of these combined instruments was a
liability of $239 million. The sensitivity analysis assumes an instantaneous
100-basis point move in interest rates from their levels at December 31, 1997,
with all other variables held constant. A 100-basis point increase in interest
rates would result in a $24 million decrease in the net liability. A 100-basis
point decrease in interest rates would result in a $33 million increase in the
net liability.
The market value of the company's portfolio of financial instruments subject to
equity price risk at December 31, 1997, was an asset of $51 million. The
sensitivity analysis assumes an instantaneous 10% change in valuation with all
other variables held constant. A 10% increase or decrease would increase or
decrease the asset position by $5 million.
The company's financial instruments subject to foreign currency exchange risk
consist of foreign currency forwards and options and represent a net asset
position of $2 million at December 31, 1997. The
10
<PAGE> 12
sensitivity analysis assumes an instantaneous 10% change in foreign currency
exchange rates from the December 31, 1997 levels, with all other variables held
constant. A 10% strengthening of the U.S. dollar versus other currencies would
result in an increase of $14 million in the net asset position, while a 10%
weakening of the dollar versus all other currencies would result in a decrease
of $18 million in the net asset position.
Foreign exchange forward and option contracts are used to hedge the company's
firm and anticipated foreign currency cash flows. Thus, there is either an asset
or cash flow exposure related to all the financial instruments in the above
sensitivity analysis for which the impact of a movement in exchange rates would
be in the opposite direction and substantially equal to the impact on the
instruments in the analysis. There are presently no significant restrictions on
the remittance of funds generated by the company's operations outside the United
States.
Hercules has been identified by U.S. federal and state authorities as a
"potentially responsible party" for environmental cleanup at numerous sites. The
estimated range of reasonably possible costs for remediation is between $71
million and $224 million. The company does not anticipate that its financial
condition will be materially affected by environmental remediation costs in
excess of amounts accrued, although quarterly or annual operating results could
be materially affected. (See Note 18.)
Environmental remediation expenses are funded from internal sources of cash.
Such expenses are not expected to have a significant effect on the company's
ongoing liquidity. Environmental cleanup costs, including capital expenditures
for ongoing operations, are a normal, recurring part of operations and are not
significant in relation to total operating costs or cash flows.
Hercules is a defendant in numerous lawsuits that arise out of, and are
incidental to, the conduct of its business. These suits concern issues such as
product liability, contract disputes, labor-related matters, patent
infringement, environmental proceedings, property damage, and personal injury
matters. Hercules is also a defendant in three Qui Tam (Whistle Blower) lawsuits
arising from its Aerospace segment, divested in March 1995. While it is not
feasible to predict the outcome of all pending suits and claims, the ultimate
resolution of these matters could have a material effect upon the financial
position of Hercules, and the resolution of any of the matters during a specific
period could have a material effect on the quarterly or annual operating results
for that period. (See Note 18.)
A quarterly dividend has been paid without interruption since 1913, the
company's first year of operation. The annual dividend of $1.00 per share during
1997 represents a total payout for the year of $98 million. In December 1997,
the company announced an 8% quarterly dividend increase to $.27 per share,
payable March 25, 1998, to shareholders of record on March 6, 1998.
During 1997, capital expenditures remained relatively flat at $119 million with
38% of the expenditures related to increased production capacity, compared with
29% in 1996 and 23% in 1995. The remainder mostly relates to cost-savings
projects, capacity maintenance, and regulatory requirements. Capital
expenditures are expected to approximate $144 million during 1998. This amount
includes funds for continuing or completing existing projects and new expansion
projects, including a methylcellulose upgrade at Doel, Belgium, and pectin
expansions.
OTHER MATTERS
In June 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive
Income," and No. 131, "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related
Information," for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1997. The provisions
of SFAS No. 130 establish standards for reporting and display of comprehensive
income and its components in the financial statements. This statement requires
all items that are required to be recognized under accounting standards as
components of comprehensive income be reported in the financial statements and
displayed with the same prominence as other financial statements. The provisions
of SFAS No. 131 establish standards for the way that enterprises report
information about operating segments in annual financial statements and require
that selected information about operating segments in interim financial
statements be reported. It also establishes standards for related disclosure
11
<PAGE> 13
about products and services, geographic areas, and major customers. Hercules is
reviewing these new standards of disclosure for adoption in 1998.
The company recognizes the need to ensure that its operations will not be
adversely impacted by Year 2000 software failures. Software failures due to
processing errors potentially arising from calculations using the Year 2000 date
are a known risk. The company is addressing the Year 2000 exposure through a
discrete cross-functional team chartered to identify, evaluate, and remediate
noncompliant systems.
In 1993, the company began a process of implementing SAP R/3(TM) integrated
software as an enterprise-wide system that will ensure Year 2000 compliance in
core financial systems by 1999. Based on preliminary information, the cost of
remediating problems not covered within the scope of the SAP R/3 implementation
is not expected to have a material adverse impact on financial position, results
of operations, or cash flow.
This annual report includes forward-looking statements, as
defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of
1995, reflecting management's current analysis and
expectations, based on reasonable assumptions. Results could
differ materially depending on such factors as business
climate, economic and competitive uncertainties, higher
manufacturing costs, reduced level of customer orders, risks
in developing new products and technologies, environmental
and safety regulations and clean-up costs, foreign exchange
rates, and adverse changes in economic and political
climates around the world. As appropriate, additional
factors are contained in reports filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission. This paragraph is included to
provide safe harbor for forward-looking statements, which
are not required to be publicly revised as circumstances
change.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA:
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND
REQUIRED SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
HERCULES INCORPORATED
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PAGE
----
<S> <C>
Report of Independent Accountants................................................................ 13
Consolidated Statement of Income for the Years Ended December 31, 1997, 1996, and
1995.......................................................................................... 14
Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 1997 and 1996...................................... 15
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow for the Years Ended December 31, 1997, 1996, and
1995.......................................................................................... 16
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity for the Years Ended December 31,
1997, 1996, and 1995......................................................................... 17
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements....................................................... 18-37
SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Summary of Quarterly Results (Unaudited)......................................................... 38
Subsidiaries of Registrant....................................................................... 39
</TABLE>
12
<PAGE> 14
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of
Hercules Incorporated
Wilmington, Delaware
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Hercules
Incorporated and subsidiary companies as of December 31, 1997 and 1996, and the
related consolidated statements of income, stockholders' equity, and cash flow
for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1997. These
financial statements are the responsibility of the company's management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on
our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Hercules
Incorporated and subsidiary companies as of December 31, 1997 and 1996, and the
consolidated results of their operations and cash flow for each of the three
years in the period ended December 31, 1997, in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles.
As discussed in Note 19 to the Financial Statements, in 1997 the company changed
its method of accounting for costs incurred in connection with its enterprise
software installation.
2400 Eleven Penn Center
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103
February 13, 1998
13
<PAGE> 15
Hercules Incorporated
Consolidated Statement of Income (Dollars in millions, except per share)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1997 1996 1995
------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales $ 1,866 $ 2,060 $2,427
------------------------------------
Cost of sales 1,169 1,320 1,591
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 251 262 367
Research and development 53 56 59
Other operating expenses (income), net (Note 11) 165 (19) 47
------------------------------------
Profit from operations 228 441 363
Equity in income of affiliated companies 30 53 41
Interest and debt expense (Note 12) 39 35 28
Other income, net (Note 13) 374 26 129
------------------------------------
Income before income taxes and effect of change in
accounting principle 593 485 505
Provision for income taxes (Note 14) 269 160 172
------------------------------------
Income before effect of change in accounting principle 324 325 333
Effect of change in accounting principle (Note 19) (5) -- --
------------------------------------
Net income $ 319 $ 325 $ 333
====================================
Earnings per share (Note 15)
Basic:
Earnings before effect of change in accounting principle $ 3.27 $ 3.10 $ 2.98
Effect of change in accounting principle (.05) -- --
------------------------------------
Earnings per share $ 3.22 $ 3.10 $ 2.98
====================================
Diluted:
Earnings before effect of change in accounting principle $ 3.18 $ 2.98 $ 2.87
Effect of change in accounting principle (.05) -- --
------------------------------------
Earnings per share $ 3.13 $ 2.98 $ 2.87
====================================
</TABLE>
The accompanying accounting policies and notes are an integral part of the
consolidated financial statements.
14
<PAGE> 16
Hercules Incorporated
Consolidated Balance Sheet (Dollars in millions)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1997 1996
---------------------
ASSETS
<S> <C> <C>
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents $ 17 $ 30
Accounts receivable, net (Note 1) 389 394
Inventories (Note 2) 234 279
Deferred income taxes (Note 14) 49 36
---------------------
Total current assets 689 739
Property, plant, and equipment, net (Note 9) 687 865
Investments (Note 3) 615 364
Prepaid pension (Note 10) 216 193
Deferred charges and other assets 204 225
---------------------
Total assets $ 2,411 $2,386
=====================
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities
Accounts payable $ 116 $ 140
Short-term debt (Note 4) 275 313
Accrued expenses (Note 9) 408 241
---------------------
Total current liabilities 799 694
Long-term debt (Note 5) 419 345
Deferred income taxes (Note 14) 160 129
Other postretirement benefits (Note 10) 139 154
Deferred credits and other liabilities 204 177
Stockholders' equity
Series preferred stock (Note 6) -- --
Common stock (Note 7)
(shares issued: 1997--154,357,015; 1996--152,269,076) 80 79
Additional paid-in capital 504 493
Foreign currency translation adjustment (2) 45
Retained earnings 2,163 1,942
---------------------
2,745 2,559
Reacquired stock, at cost (shares: 1997--58,289,376; 1996--50,866,562) 2,055 1,672
---------------------
Total stockholders' equity 690 887
---------------------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 2,411 $2,386
=====================
</TABLE>
The accompanying accounting policies and notes are an integral part of the
consolidated financial statements.
15
<PAGE> 17
Hercules Incorporated
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow (Dollars in millions)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1997 1996 1995
-------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income $ 319 $ 325 $ 333
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from operations:
Depreciation 73 106 133
Nonoperating gain on disposals (398) (22) (132)
Noncash charges (credits) 186 (19) 75
Other 15 5 (12)
Accruals and deferrals of cash receipts and payments:
Affiliates' earnings in excess of dividends received (25) (25) (19)
Accounts receivable (44) 6 45
Inventories (19) (17) 27
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 86 (77) (92)
Noncurrent assets and liabilities (6) (57) (30)
-------------------------------
Net cash provided from operations 187 225 328
-------------------------------
CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Capital expenditures (119) (120) (117)
Proceeds of investment and fixed asset disposals 295 196 376
Other (34) (6) 7
-------------------------------
Net cash provided from investing activities 142 70 266
-------------------------------
CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Long-term debt proceeds 343 75 97
Long-term debt repayments (130) (27) (78)
Change in short-term debt (35) 112 14
Common stock issued 38 15 15
Common stock reacquired (458) (417) (584)
Dividends paid (98) (95) (95)
-------------------------------
Net cash used for financing activities (340) (337) (631)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash (2) (1) (2)
-------------------------------
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (13) (43) (39)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 30 73 112
-------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 17 $ 30 $ 73
===============================
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid during the year for:
Interest (net of amount capitalized) $ 29 $ 30 $ 30
Income taxes paid, net 152 190 134
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Conversion of notes and debentures 31 1 28
Incentive plan stock issuances 15 14 58
Accounts payable for common stock acquisitions 5 8 1
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates -- 1 174
Investment in long-term notes 504 -- --
Accounts receivable from sale of investment/asset disposals 8 9 --
-------------------------------
</TABLE>
The accompanying accounting policies and notes are an integral part of the
consolidated financial statements.
16
<PAGE> 18
Hercules Incorporated
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity (Dollars in millions)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Common Paid-In Translation Retained Reacquired
Stock Capital Adjustment Earnings Stock
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balances at January 1, 1995 $78 $ 395 $ 49 $ 1,474 $ 701
(Common shares: issued 149,115,459; reacquired, 32,480,067)
Net income -- -- -- 333 --
Cash dividends, $.84 per common share -- -- -- (95) --
Foreign currency translation adjustment -- -- 26 -- --
Purchase of common stock, 11,546,399 shares -- -- -- -- 577
Issuance of common stock:
Incentive plans, net, 1,476,805 shares including
849,625 from reacquired stock -- 50 -- -- (22)
Conversion of notes and debentures, 1,920,826 shares 1 27 -- -- --
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1995 $79 $ 472 $ 75 $ 1,712 $ 1,256
(Common shares: issued 151,663,465; reacquired, 43,176,841)
Net income -- -- -- 325 --
Cash dividends, $.92 per common share -- -- -- (95) --
Foreign currency translation adjustment -- -- (30) -- --
Purchase of common stock, 7,970,784 shares -- -- -- -- 425
Issuance of common stock:
Incentive plans, net, 844,751 shares including
281,063 from reacquired stock -- 20 -- -- (9)
Conversion of notes and debentures, 41,923 shares -- 1 -- -- --
-------
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1996 $79 $ 493 $ 45 $ 1,942 $ 1,672
(Common shares: issued 152,269,076; reacquired, 50,866,562)
Net income -- -- -- 319 --
Cash dividends, $1.00 per common share -- -- -- (98) --
Foreign currency translation adjustment -- -- (47) -- --
Purchase of common stock, 9,536,619 shares -- -- -- -- 455
Issuance of common stock:
Incentive plans, net, 2,113,805 shares from
reacquired stock -- (19) -- -- (72)
Conversion of notes and debentures, 2,087,939 shares 1 30 -- -- --
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1997 $80 $ 504 $ (2) $ 2,163 $ 2,055
(Common shares: issued 154,357,015; reacquired, 58,289,376)
</TABLE>
The accompanying accounting policies and notes are an integral part of the
consolidated financial statements.
17
<PAGE> 19
Hercules Incorporated
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Hercules
Incorporated and all wholly owned subsidiaries. Investments in affiliated
companies with a 20% or greater ownership interest are accounted for on an
equity basis and, accordingly, consolidated income includes Hercules' share of
their income.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the
reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPENDITURES
Environmental expenditures that pertain to current operations or future revenues
are expensed or capitalized according to the company's capitalization policy.
Expenditures for the remediation of an existing condition caused by past
operations that do not contribute to current or future revenues are expensed.
Liabilities are recognized for remedial activities when the cleanup is probable
and the cost can be reasonably estimated.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash in excess of operating requirements is invested in short-term,
income-producing instruments. Cash equivalents include commercial paper and
other securities with original maturities of 90 days or less. Book value
approximates fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments.
INVENTORIES
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Domestic inventories are
valued predominantly on the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method. Foreign and
certain domestic inventories, which in the aggregate represent 66% of total
inventories at December 31, 1997, are valued principally on the average-cost
method.
PROPERTY AND DEPRECIATION
Property, plant, and equipment are stated at cost. The company changed to the
straight-line method of depreciation, effective January 1, 1991, for newly
acquired processing facilities and equipment. Assets acquired before then
continue to be depreciated by accelerated methods. The company believes that
straight-line depreciation provides a better matching of costs and revenues over
the lives of the assets.
Maintenance, repairs, and minor renewals are charged to income; major
renewals and betterments are capitalized. Upon normal retirement or replacement,
the cost of property (less proceeds of sale or salvage) is charged to income.
INCOME TAXES
Income taxes are determined in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards (SFAS) No. 109, which requires an asset-and-liability approach for
financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. Changes in enacted tax rates
are reflected in the tax provision as they occur. A valuation allowance is
recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when realization of a tax benefit is
unlikely.
The company provides taxes on undistributed earnings of subsidiaries and
affiliates included in consolidated retained earnings to the extent such
earnings are planned to be remitted and not reinvested permanently.
18
<PAGE> 20
FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION
With the exception of operations in countries with highly inflationary
economies, the financial statements of Hercules' non-U.S. entities are
translated into U.S. dollars using current rates of exchange, with gains or
losses included in the foreign currency translation adjustment account in the
stockholders' equity section of the balance sheet. The related allocation for
income taxes is not significant. For operations in countries with highly
inflationary economies, financial statements are translated at either current or
historical exchange rates, as appropriate. These adjustments, along with gains
and losses on currency transactions (denominated in currencies other than local
currency), are reflected in net income.
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING
Derivative financial instruments are used to hedge risk caused by fluctuating
currency and interest rates. The company enters into forward-exchange contracts
and currency swaps to hedge foreign currency exposure. Decisions regarding
hedging are made on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration the amount
and duration of the exposure, market volatility, and economic trends. The
company uses the fair-value method of accounting, recording realized and
unrealized gains and losses on these contracts quarterly. They are included in
other income (expense), net, except for gains and losses on contracts to hedge
specific foreign currency commitments, which are deferred and accounted for as
part of the transaction. Gains or losses on contracts used to hedge the value of
investments in certain non-U.S. subsidiaries are accounted for under the
deferral method and are included in the foreign currency translation adjustment
account. It is the company's policy to match the term of financial instruments
with the term of the underlying designated item. If the designated item is an
anticipated transaction no longer likely to occur, gains or losses from the
instrument designated as a hedge are recognized in current period earnings. The
company does not hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. In
the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow, the company reports the cash flows
resulting from its hedging activities in the same category as the related item
that is being hedged.
The company uses interest rate swap agreements to manage interest costs
and risks associated with changing rates. The differential to be paid or
received is accrued as interest rates change and is recognized in interest
expense over the life of the agreements. Counterparties to the forward exchange,
currency swap, and interest rate swap contracts are major financial
institutions. Credit loss from counterparty nonperformance is not anticipated.
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
Compensation costs attributable to stock option and similar plans are recognized
based on any difference between the quoted market price of the stock on the date
of grant over the amount the employee is required to pay to acquire the stock
(the intrinsic value method under Accounting Principles Board [APB] Opinion 25).
Such amount, if any, is accrued over the related vesting period, as appropriate.
SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," requires companies
electing to continue to use the intrinsic-value method to make pro forma
disclosures of net income and earnings per share as if the fair-value-based
method of accounting had been applied.
PENSIONS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS
Effective December 31, 1997, the company adopted SFAS No. 132, "Employers'
Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits." The provisions of
SFAS No. 132 revise employers' disclosures about pensions and other
postretirement benefit plans. It does not change the measurement or recognition
of these plans. It standardizes the disclosure requirements for pensions and
other postretirement benefits to the extent practicable.
LONG-LIVED ASSETS
Effective January 1, 1996, the company adopted SFAS No. 121, "Accounting for the
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed Of."
The provisions of SFAS No. 121 require the company to review its long-lived
assets for impairment on an exception basis whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be
recoverable through future cash flows. If it is determined that an impairment
loss has occurred based on expected future cash flows, then the loss is
recognized in the income statement.
19
<PAGE> 21
EARNINGS PER SHARE
Effective December 31, 1997, the company adopted SFAS No. 128, "Earnings per
Share." The provisions of SFAS No. 128 establish standards for computing and
presenting earnings per share (EPS). This standard replaces the presentation of
primary EPS with a presentation of basic EPS. Additionally, it requires dual
presentation of basic and diluted EPS for all entities with complex capital
structures and requires a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of the
basic EPS computation to the numerator and denominator of the diluted EPS
computation. Per-share amounts for all periods presented have been restated to
conform with the provisions of SFAS No. 128.
20
<PAGE> 22
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Accounts receivable, net, consists of: (Dollars in millions)
1997 1996
---------------
<S> <C> <C>
Trade $285 $327
Other 107 71
---------------
Total 392 398
Less allowance for doubtful accounts 3 4
---------------
$389 $394
===============
</TABLE>
At December 31, 1997, net trade accounts receivable from customers
located in the United States, Europe, the Americas, and Asia were $124 million,
$129 million, $23 million, and $6 million, respectively.
2. INVENTORIES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
The components of inventories are: (Dollars in millions)
1997 1996
---------------
<S> <C> <C>
Finished products $121 $154
Materials, supplies, and work in process 113 125
---------------
$234 $279
===============
</TABLE>
Inventories valued on the LIFO method were lower than if valued under the
average-cost method, which approximates current cost, by $37 million and $33
million at December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively.
3. INVESTMENTS
Total equity investments in affiliated companies were $21 million at December
31, 1997, and $290 million at December 31, 1996. Dividends received from
affiliated companies were $0 in 1997, $11 million in 1996, and $9 million in
1995.
Other investments, at cost or less, were $594 million and $74 million at
December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively. Included in these amounts are
noncurrent marketable securities aggregating $81 million and $33 million for the
corresponding years, classified as "available for sale." The value of these
investments, based on market quotes, approximates book values. Additionally, at
December 31, 1997, investments included a $500 million 6.2% interest-bearing
five-year note, with an early payment provision of three years, classified as
"held to maturity," which was received in March 1997 upon completion of
transactions that monetized the company's investment in Tastemaker. (See Notes
13 and 17.)
4. SHORT-TERM DEBT
A summary of short-term debt follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Dollars in millions)
1997 1996
---------------
<S> <C> <C>
Commercial paper $195 $265
Banks 80 48
Current maturities of long-term debt -- --
---------------
$275 $313
===============
</TABLE>
Commercial paper is issued or renewed for varying periods, with interest
at prevailing market rates. Bank borrowings represent primarily foreign
overdraft facilities and short-term lines of credit, which are
21
<PAGE> 23
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
generally payable on demand with interest at various rates. Book values of
commercial paper and bank borrowings approximate market value because of their
short maturity period.
At December 31, 1997, Hercules had $172 million of unused lines of credit
that may be drawn as needed, with interest at a negotiated spread over lenders'
cost of funds. Lines of credit in use at December 31, 1997, were $80 million.
Weighted-average interest rates on short-term borrowings at December 31, 1997
and 1996, were 5.40% and 5.51%, respectively.
5. LONG-TERM DEBT
A summary of long-term debt follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Dollars in millions)
1997 1996
---------------
<S> <C> <C>
6.15% notes due 2000 $100 $ --
6.60% notes due 2027 (a) 100 --
7.85% notes due 2000 25 25
6.625% notes due 2003 (b) 125 125
8% convertible subordinated debentures due 2010 (c) 10 41
Commercial paper (d) 50 50
Variable rate loans (e) 2 93
Other 7 11
---------------
419 345
Current maturities of long-term debt -- --
---------------
Net long-term debt $419 $345
===============
</TABLE>
(a) 30-year debentures with a 10-year put option, exercisable by
bondholder at a redemption price equal to principal amount.
(b) Par value of $125 million issued June 1993.
(c) Subordinated debentures are convertible into common stock at $14.90
per share and are redeemable at the option of the company at varying rates. The
annual sinking fund requirement of $5 million, beginning in 1996, has been
satisfied through conversions of debentures.
(d) The company has both the intent and the ability, through its
revolving credit agreement, to refinance this amount on a long-term basis.
(e) Uncollateralized bank borrowings with average maturities of 400 days,
with interest at a negotiated spread over lenders' cost of funds.
The company has entered into a revolving credit and competitive advance
facility agreement with several banks providing for commitments that terminate
in 2002. Hercules may borrow up to a total of $700 million (of which $455
million was available at December 31, 1997) at agreed-upon spreads over various
benchmark rates, such as the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR). This
agreement requires the maintenance of certain financial ratios.
Long-term debt maturities during the next five years are $1 million in
1998, $3 million in 1999, $128 million in 2000, $0 in 2001, and $51 million in
2002.
6. SERIES PREFERRED STOCK
The series preferred stock is without par value and is issuable in series. There
are 2,000,000 shares authorized for issuance, none of which have been issued.
22
<PAGE> 24
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
7. COMMON STOCK
Hercules common stock has a stated value of $25/48, and 300,000,000 shares are
authorized for issuance. At December 31, 1997, a total of 17,412,091 shares were
reserved for issuance for the following purposes: 879,999 shares for sales to
the Savings Plan Trustee; 7,876,685 shares for the exercise of awards under the
Stock Option Plan; 6,520,192 shares for awards under incentive compensation
plans; 803,921 shares for conversion of debentures and notes; and 1,331,294
shares for employee stock purchases.
For the company's stock repurchase program, from its start in 1991
through year-end 1997, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to 74,650,000
shares of company common stock. Of that total, 6,150,000 shares were intended to
satisfy requirements of various employee benefit programs. During this period, a
total of 64,129,202 shares of common stock were purchased in the open market at
an average price of $37.01 per share.
8. STOCK-BASED INCENTIVE PLANS
The incentive compensation plans provide for the grant of stock options and the
award of common stock and other market-based units to certain key employees and
nonemployee directors. Through 1994, shares of common stock awarded under these
plans normally were either restricted stock or performance shares. During the
restriction period, award holders have the rights of stockholders, including the
right to vote and receive cash dividends, but they cannot transfer ownership.
Shares are forfeited and revert to the company in the event of employment
termination, except in the case of death, disability, retirement, or other
specified events.
In 1995, Hercules changed the structure of the long-term incentive
compensation plans to place a greater emphasis on shareholder value creation
through grants of regular stock options, performance-accelerated stock options,
and Cash Value Awards (performance-based awards denominated in cash and payable
in shares of common or restricted stock, subject to the same restrictions and
risk of forfeiture). Restricted stock and other market-based units are awarded
with respect to certain programs. The number of awarded shares outstanding was
873,627; 1,881,946; and 1,691,546 at December 31, 1997, 1996, and 1995,
respectively.
Under the company's incentive compensation plans, 6,520,192 shares of
common stock were available for grant as stock awards or stock option awards.
Stock awards are limited to approximately 15% of the total authorizations.
Regular stock options are granted at the market price on the date of grant and
are exercisable at various periods from one to five years after date of grant.
Performance-accelerated stock options are also granted at the market price on
the date of grant and are normally exercisable at nine and one-half years.
Exercisability may be accelerated based upon the achievement of predetermined
performance goals. Both regular and performance-accelerated stock options expire
10 years after the date of grant. Additionally, on May 1, 1997, Hercules granted
regular stock options to all eligible full-time employees, under the new Option
Advantage plan.
The company applies APB Opinion 25 in accounting for its plans.
Accordingly, no compensation cost has been recognized for the stock option
plans. The cost of stock awards and other market-based units, which is charged
to income over the restriction or performance period, amounted to $4 million for
1997; $9 million for 1996; and $81 million (including $39 million in the fourth
quarter, primarily related to the early vesting of certain long-term incentive
compensation programs) during 1995.
23
<PAGE> 25
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Below is a summary of outstanding stock option grants under the incentive
compensation plans during 1995, 1996, and 1997:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Regular Performance-Accelerated
------- -----------------------
Weighted- Weighted-
Number of Average Number of Average
Shares Price Shares Price
------ ----- ------ -----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
January 1, 1995 3,912,960 $22.01 -- $ --
Granted 648,949 $47.69 786,375 $48.54
Exercised (654,625) $22.24 -- $ --
Forfeited (24,100) $16.02 -- $ --
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 1995 3,883,184 $26.24 786,375 $48.54
Granted 673,450 $55.40 2,303,750 $49.66
Exercised (646,247) $21.29 -- $ --
Forfeited (800) $47.25 (14,319) $48.29
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 1996 3,909,587 $32.49 3,075,806 $49.38
Granted 1,708,100 $40.14 810,125 $41.07
Exercised (1,611,449) $20.97 -- $ --
Forfeited (4,950) $56.26 (10,534) $53.07
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 1997 4,001,288 $40.41 3,875,397 $47.63
</TABLE>
The weighted-average fair value of regular stock options granted during
1995, 1996, and 1997 was $13.91, $14.36, and $10.13, respectively. The
weighted-average fair value of performance-accelerated stock options granted
during 1995, 1996, and 1997 was $11.17, $10.20, and $9.39, respectively.
Following is a summary of regular stock options exercisable at December
31, 1995, 1996, and 1997, and their respective weighted-average share prices:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Weighted-Average
Number of Shares Exercise Price
-----------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Options exercisable
December 31, 1995 2,567,445 $20.70
Options exercisable
December 31, 1996 2,636,457 $25.08
Options exercisable
December 31, 1997 2,013,148 $38.54
</TABLE>
There were no performance-accelerated stock options exercisable at
December 31, 1995, 1996, and 1997.
24
<PAGE> 26
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Following is a summary of regular stock options outstanding at December
31, 1997:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Outstanding Options Exercisable Options
----------------------------------------------------- -------------------
Weighted-
Number Average Weighted- Number Weighted-
Outstanding Remaining Average Exercisable Average
Exercise at Contractual Exercise at Exercise
Price Range 12/31/97 Life Price 12/31/97 Price
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$ 0 - $20 370,138 3.46 $15.60 370,138 $15.60
$21 - $30 202,150 5.33 $24.98 202,150 $24.98
$31 - $40 1,980,060 8.69 $38.71 431,460 $35.96
$41+ 1,448,940 7.90 $51.23 1,009,400 $50.77
</TABLE>
The range of exercise prices for the performance-accelerated options
outstanding at December 31, 1997, is $47 to $61 with a weighted-average
contractual life of 8.49 years. The company estimates at December 31, 1997, 100%
of such options will eventually vest.
The company's Employee Stock Purchase Plan is a qualified noncompensatory
plan, which allows eligible employees to acquire shares of common stock through
systematic payroll deductions. The plan consists of three-month subscription
periods, beginning July 1 of each year. The purchase price is 85% of the fair
market value of the common stock on either the first or last day of that
subscription period, whichever is lower. Purchases may range from 2% to 15% of
an employee's base salary each pay period, subject to certain limitations.
Currently, 1,331,294 shares of Hercules common stock are registered for offer
and sale under the plan. Shares issued at December 31, 1997 and 1996, were
468,706 and 383,820, respectively. The company applies APB Opinion 25 and
related interpretations in accounting for its Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
Accordingly, no compensation cost has been recognized for the Employee Stock
Purchase Plan.
Had compensation cost for the company's Stock-Based Incentive Plans and
Employee Stock Purchase Plan been determined on the basis of fair value
according to SFAS No. 123, the fair value of each option granted or share
purchased would be estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option
pricing model.
The following assumptions would be used in estimating fair value for
1997, 1996, and 1995:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Employee
Performance- Stock
Regular Accelerated Purchase
Assumption Plan Plan Plan
---------- ---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Dividend yield 3.0% 3.0% 3.0%
Risk-free interest rate 6.53% 6.17% 5.56%
Expected life 7 yrs. 5 yrs. 3 mos.
Expected volatility 22.6% 20.9% 23.6%
</TABLE>
25
<PAGE> 27
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The company's net income and earnings per share for 1997, 1996, and
1995 would approximate the pro forma amounts below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Dollars in millions, except per share)
1997 1996 1995
---------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net income
As reported $ 319 $ 325 $ 333
Pro forma $ 308 $ 317 $ 329
Basic earnings per share
As reported $ 3.22 $ 3.10 $ 2.98
Pro forma $ 3.10 $ 3.02 $ 2.95
Diluted earnings per share
As reported $ 3.13 $ 2.98 $ 2.87
Pro forma $ 3.04 $ 2.92 $ 2.84
</TABLE>
The effects of applying SFAS No. 123 in this pro forma disclosure are
not indicative of future amounts. SFAS No. 123 does not apply to awards prior to
1995, and additional awards in future years are anticipated.
9. ADDITIONAL BALANCE SHEET DETAIL
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Dollars in millions)
1997 1996
-------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Property, plant, and equipment
Land $ 18 $ 21
Buildings and equipment 1,957 2,247
Construction in progress 113 81
Total 2,088 2,349
Accumulated depreciation and amortization 1,401 1,484
-------------------
Net property, plant, and equipment $ 687 $ 865
===================
Accrued expenses
Payroll and employee benefits $ 37 $ 36
Income taxes payable 91 20
Other 280 185
-------------------
Accrued expenses $ 408 $ 241
===================
</TABLE>
26
<PAGE> 28
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
10. PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS
The company provides defined benefit pension and postretirement benefit plans to
employees. The following provides a reconciliation of benefit obligations, plan
assets, and funded status of the plans.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Dollars in millions)
Other
Postretirement
Pension Benefits Benefits
---------------------------------------------------
1997 1996 1997 1996
---------------------------------------------------
CHANGE IN BENEFIT OBLIGATION
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Benefit obligation at January 1 $ 1,046 $ 1,058 $ 141 $ 183
Service cost 17 19 1 1
Interest cost 78 77 10 11
Amendments 6 -- -- (29)
Assumption change 77 (44) 10 (5)
Divestiture (4) -- -- --
Translation difference (13) (7) -- --
Actuarial loss 12 23 -- --
Benefits paid from plan assets (105) (78) (2) (2)
Benefits paid by company -- (2) (19) (18)
---------------------------------------------------
Benefit obligation at December 31 $ 1,114 $1,046 $141 $ 141
===================================================
CHANGE IN PLAN ASSETS
Fair value of plan assets at January 1 $ 1,168 $ 1,098 $ 9 $ 9
Actual return on plan assets 187 139 2 2
Divestiture (2) -- -- --
Company contributions 4 5 -- --
Asset transfers and receivables -- 6 -- --
Translation difference (15) (2) -- --
Benefits paid from plan assets (105) (78) (2) (2)
---------------------------------------------------
Fair value of plan assets at December 31 $ 1,237 $1,168 $ 9 $ 9
Funded status of the plans $ 124 $ 122 $(132) $(132)
Unrecognized actuarial loss 93 89 22 13
Unrecognized prior service cost (benefit) 39 35 (50) (55)
Unrecognized net transition obligation (40) (53) -- --
Amount included in accrued expenses--other -- -- 21 20
---------------------------------------------------
Prepaid (accrued) benefit cost $ 216 $193 $(139) $(154)
===================================================
ASSUMPTIONS AS OF DECEMBER 31
Discount rate (weighted average) 7.25% 7.75% 7.25% 7.75%
Expected return on plan assets 9.25% 9.25% 9.25% 9.25%
Rate of compensation increase 4.50% 4.50% 4.50% 4.50%
</TABLE>
27
<PAGE> 29
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Net periodic pension and other postretirement benefit costs include the
following components:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Dollars in millions)
Pension Benefits Other Postretirement Benefits
-----------------------------------------------------------------
1997 1996 1995 1997 1996 1995
-----------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Service cost $ 17 $ 19 $ 18 $ 1 $ 1 $ 1
Interest cost 78 77 80 10 11 15
Return on plan assets (expected) (103) (99) (94) (1) (1) (1)
Amortization and deferrals 5 6 3 (5) (5) (4)
Amortization of transition asset (14) (14) (15) -- -- --
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Benefit cost (credit) $ (17) $(11) $ (8) $ 5 $ 6 $ 11
=================================================================
</TABLE>
Pension
During 1997, the company recognized a charge of approximately $8 million for
special termination benefits. In March 1995, the company transferred plan assets
and liabilities to Alliant Techsystems in connection with the Aerospace
divestiture, resulting in curtailment and settlement losses of $16 million and
$42 million, respectively, which were reflected in the gain on the sale of the
Aerospace segment. (See Note 17.)
Other Postretirement Benefits
The postretirement benefit plans are contributory health care and life insurance
plans. In August 1993, a Voluntary Employees' Beneficiary Association (VEBA)
Trust was established and funded with $10 million of company funds. The company
periodically obtains reimbursement from the Trust for union retiree claims,
while other claims are paid from company assets. The participant contributions
are immediately used to cover claim payments and, for this reason, do not appear
as contributions to plan assets.
In 1996, Medicare Risk HMOs were offered to certain retiree groups. This
initiative was expanded in 1997 and is expected to continue. This plan change
reduced the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation by $29 million, which
will be amortized over the average remaining service lives of the company's
active employees and has the effect of reducing net periodic benefit costs.
The assumed health care cost trend rate at December 31, 1997, was 5% for
those under age 65 and 4.75% for those over age 65, decreasing to 4.5% in 1999
and thereafter. The assumed health care cost trend rate at December 31, 1996,
was 6% for those under age 65 and 5% for those over age 65, decreasing to 4.5%
in 1999 and thereafter.
A one percentage point change in the assumed health care cost trend rate
would change the postretirement benefit obligation by $5 million and would not
have a material effect on aggregate service and interest cost components.
11. OTHER OPERATING EXPENSES (INCOME), NET
Other operating expenses (income), net, includes charges of $146 million,
primarily associated with management organizational changes and adoption of
alternative competitive strategies announced in early 1997 relative to ongoing
businesses. The charges include $122 million related to asset rationalizations
and impairment and $24 million related to severance benefits.
Included in the $122 million is an impairment loss of $95 million ($24
million in Food & Functional Products and $71 million in Chemical Specialties),
where the sum of estimated future cash flows (undiscounted) was less than the
carrying amount of the assets. The amount of the impairment loss is the excess
of the carrying amount of the impaired asset over the fair value of the asset.
The fair value represents expected future cash flows from the use of the assets,
discounted at the rate used by the company to evaluate
28
<PAGE> 30
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
potential investments. Additionally, the company recognized approximately $27
million of rationalization charges primarily associated with certain assets,
which were no longer being utilized, and lease abandonment costs.
Concurrently, management authorized and committed the company to a plan
to reduce its work force and accrued $24 million of severance-related benefits,
of which approximately $15 million is the remaining liability at December 31,
1997. Under the plan, approximately 270 employees will be terminated. The plan
includes reorganization of management, reductions in operating personnel at
certain domestic and foreign facilities, and the consolidation of certain
support functions.
Other operating expenses include $13 million of net environmental cleanup
costs, principally for nonoperating sites and $8 million of executive retirement
benefits.
In 1996, other operating expenses (income), net, included probable
recoveries related to environmental remediation of $13 million and reduction in
the estimated loss on the divestiture of the Composite Products Division of $5
million. In 1995, other operating expenses (income), net, included environmental
cleanup costs of $35 million, principally for nonoperating sites; employee
separation costs and write-offs of $4 million; and $8 million related to
estimated losses on the Composite Products divestiture.
12. INTEREST AND DEBT EXPENSE
Interest and debt costs are summarized as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Dollars in millions)
1997 1996 1995
------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Costs incurred $47 $40 $33
Amount capitalized 8 5 5
------------------------
Amount expensed $39 $35 $28
========================
</TABLE>
13. OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE), NET
Other income (expense), net, consists of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Dollars in millions)
1997 1996 1995
------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Interest income $ 29 $ 5 $ 9
Net gains on dispositions 398 22 132
Acquisition costs (20) -- --
Legal settlements and accruals (41) -- --
Miscellaneous income (expense), net 8 (1) (12)
------------------------------
$ 374 $ 26 $ 129
===============================
</TABLE>
Gains on dispositions in 1997 include a gain of $368 million on the
completion of transactions that monetized the company's investment in
Tastemaker, a 50% owned flavors joint venture, and a gain of $19 million from
the fourth-quarter sale of 2.78 million shares of Alliant Techsystems common
stock held by Hercules. (See Note 17.) Acquisition costs represent a
fourth-quarter charge primarily related to the company's unsuccessful bid for
Allied Colloids. Net gains on dispositions in 1996 reflect the sale of real
estate and the fourth-quarter sale of a product line. In 1995, net gains on
dispositions primarily reflect the sale of the Aerospace segment, $39 million,
and the fourth-quarter sale of the Electronics & Printing Division of the Food &
Functional Products segment, $85 million. Miscellaneous income (expense), net,
includes net foreign currency gains (losses) of $19 million, $11 million, and
($16) million in 1997, 1996, and 1995, respectively.
29
<PAGE> 31
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
14. INCOME TAXES
The domestic and foreign components of income before taxes and effect of change
in accounting principle are presented below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Dollars in millions)
1997 1996 1995
----------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Domestic $396 $250 $297
Foreign 197 235 208
-----------------------------------------------
$593 $485 $505
===============================================
</TABLE>
A summary of the components of the tax provision follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Dollars in millions)
1997 1996 1995
---------------------------
Currently payable
<S> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. federal $169 $ 33 $ 122
Foreign 63 60 62
State 2 9 1
Deferred
Domestic 30 41 (15)
Foreign 5 17 2
---------------------------
Provision for income taxes $269 $160 $ 172
===========================
</TABLE>
Deferred tax liabilities (assets) at December 31 consist of:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Dollars in millions)
1997 1996
-----------------
<S> <C> <C>
Depreciation $ 119 $ 161
Prepaid pension 82 76
Inventory 15 10
Investments 84 --
Other 22 24
-----------------
Gross deferred tax liabilities 322 271
-----------------
Postretirement benefits other than pensions (66) (71)
Accrued expenses (110) (88)
Loss carryforwards (15) (16)
Other (32) (18)
-----------------
Gross deferred tax assets (223) (193)
-----------------
Valuation allowance 12 15
-----------------
$ 111 $ 93
==================
</TABLE>
A reconciliation of the U.S. statutory income tax rate to the effective
rate follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996 1995
---------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. statutory income tax rate 35% 35% 35%
Foreign dividends net of credits 2 -- (1)
State taxes -- 1 1
Utilization of operating losses -- (2) --
Reserves 7 -- --
Other 1 (1) (1)
---------------------------
Effective tax rate 45% 33% 34%
===========================
</TABLE>
30
<PAGE> 32
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The undistributed earnings of subsidiaries and affiliates on which no
provision for foreign withholding or U.S. income taxes has been made amounted to
$603 million at December 31, 1997. U.S. and foreign income taxes that would be
payable if such earnings were distributed may be lower than the amount computed
at the U.S. statutory rate because of the availability of tax credits.
15. EARNINGS PER SHARE
Earnings per share (EPS) are calculated under the provisions of SFAS No. 128,
"Earnings per Share," adopted in the fourth quarter of 1997. Earnings per share
amounts for 1996 and 1995 have been restated to conform with SFAS No. 128.
The following table shows the amounts used in computing earnings per
share and the effect on income and the weighted-average number of shares of
dilutive potential common stock:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Dollars and shares in millions, except per share)
1997 1996 1995
---------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Basic EPS computation:
Income before effect of change in accounting principle $ 324 $ 325 $ 333
Effect of change in accounting principle (5) -- --
---------------------------------------
Net income $ 319 $ 325 $ 333
=======================================
Weighted-average shares outstanding 99.2 104.9 111.6
Earnings per share before effect of change in accounting
principle $ 3.27 $ 3.10 $ 2.98
Effect of change in accounting principle (.05) -- --
---------------------------------------
Earnings per share $ 3.22 $ 3.10 $ 2.98
=======================================
Diluted EPS computation:
Income before effect of change in accounting principle $ 324 $ 325 $ 333
Interest on convertible debentures 2 2 2
Effect of change in accounting principle (5) -- --
---------------------------------------
Net income $ 321 $ 327 $ 335
=======================================
Weighted-average shares outstanding 99.2 104.9 111.6
Options 1.1 1.9 1.8
Convertible debentures 2.1 2.9 3.4
---------------------------------------
Adjusted weighted-average shares 102.4 109.7 116.8
=======================================
Earnings per share before effect of change in accounting
principle $ 3.18 $ 2.98 $ 2.87
Effect of change in accounting principle (.05) -- --
---------------------------------------
Earnings per share $ 3.13 $ 2.98 $ 2.87
=======================================
</TABLE>
16. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND RISK MANAGEMENT
Notional Amounts and Credit Exposure of Derivatives
The notional amounts of derivatives summarized below do not represent amounts
exchanged by the parties and, thus, are not a measure of the exposure of the
company through its use of derivatives. The amounts exchanged are calculated on
the basis of the notional amounts and the other terms of the derivatives, which
relate to interest rates or exchange rates.
31
<PAGE> 33
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Interest Rate Risk Management
During 1997, the company entered into a series of interest rate swap agreements,
maturing from 1999 to mid-2007, which effectively converted floating-rate debt
into debt with a fixed rate ranging from 6.03% to 7.08% per year. The swap
agreements are being used to manage interest rate exposure on debt as well as
the note received as part of the Tastemaker transaction. (See Note 3.) During
the reporting period, these agreements expired: a 1992 three-year amortizing
interest rate swap, which converted 5.52% fixed-rate debt to floating-rate debt,
and 1993 agreements, which converted floating-rate debt into debt with a fixed
rate ranging from 4.92% to 7.52% per year. For the years 1997, 1996, and 1995,
these contracts resulted in a less than 1% change in the effective interest rate
on the weighted-average notional principal amounts outstanding. The aggregate
notional principal amounts at the end of 1997 and 1996 were $650 million and
$125 million, respectively.
The following table indicates the types of swaps used and their
weighted-average interest rates:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Dollars in millions)
1997 1996
---------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Pay fixed on swaps notional amount (at year-end) $650 $125
Average pay rate 6.4% 6.1%
Average receive rate 5.7% 5.5%
</TABLE>
Foreign Exchange Risk Management
The company selectively uses foreign currency forward contracts to offset the
effects of exchange rate changes on reported earnings, cash flow, and net asset
positions. The primary exposures are denominated in Danish kroner, Dutch
guilder, Belgian franc, British pound sterling, and the German mark. Some of the
contracts involve the exchange of two foreign currencies, according to local
needs in foreign subsidiaries. The term of the currency derivatives is rarely
more than one year. At December 31, 1997 and 1996, the company had outstanding
forward-exchange contracts to purchase foreign currencies aggregating $29
million and $17 million and to sell foreign currencies aggregating $171 million
and $184 million, respectively. Non-U.S. dollar cross-currency trades aggregated
$630 million in 1997 and $500 million in 1996. The forward-exchange contracts
outstanding at December 31, 1997, will mature during 1998. No currency swap
agreements were outstanding at December 31, 1997 or 1996. Fair values of
derivative contracts are indicative of cash that would have been required had
settlement been December 31, 1997.
Fair Values
The following table presents the carrying amounts and fair values of the
company's financial instruments at December 31, 1997 and 1996:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Dollars in millions)
1997 1996
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
Amount Value Amount Value
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Investment securities (available for sale) $ 81 $ 81 $ 33 $ 33
Long-term debt (419) (452) (345) (430)
Foreign exchange contracts 2* 2 3* 3
Interest rate swap contracts (1)* (12) -- --
Investment securities (held to maturity) 500 500 -- --
</TABLE>
*The carrying amount represents the net unrealized gain or net interest
payable associated with the contracts at the end of the period.
32
<PAGE> 34
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Basis of Valuation
Investment securities: Quoted market prices.
Long-term debt: Present value of expected cash flows related to existing
borrowings discounted at rates currently available to the company for long-term
borrowings with similar terms and remaining maturities.
Foreign exchange contracts: Year-end exchange rates.
Interest rate swap contracts: Bank or market quotes or discounted cash flows
using year-end interest rates.
17. DIVESTITURES
In March 1997, the company completed transactions to monetize its investment in
Tastemaker for approximately $608 million, including $108 million in cash and a
$500 million, 6.2%, interest-bearing five-year note, with an early payment
provision of three years, classified as "held to maturity." Equity in income of
affiliated companies includes Tastemaker earnings of $11 million in 1997, $32
million in 1996, and $28 million in 1995.
In June 1997, the company completed a joint venture of its
polypropylene fiber business with Jacob Holm & Sons A/S (Denmark). Hercules owns
51% of the venture, which is accounted for on the equity method. Net sales and
operating profit (loss) of the ventured fiber business, which are included in
the Chemical Specialties segment, were $84 million and ($28) million,
respectively, in 1997; $183 million and $15 million, respectively, in 1996; and
$240 million and $49 million, respectively, in 1995.
In October 1997, Hercules entered into an agreement with Alliant
Techsystems providing for the disposition of 3.86 million shares of Alliant
common stock held by Hercules for approximately $220 million in cash. Under the
agreement, 2.78 million shares were sold in November 1997 for $154 million in
cash through a public stock offering. (See Note 13.) The remaining 1.08 million
shares are subject to a put/call arrangement between Hercules and Alliant and
will result in Hercules selling the remaining shares to Alliant in four equal
installments during 1998. The price for shares purchased under the put/call
arrangement will be equal to the per-share net proceeds of $55 realized by
Hercules in the public offering, plus simple interest at a rate of 6.25% per
year. Equity in income of affiliated companies includes Alliant's earnings of
$15 million in 1997, $17 million in 1996, and $9 million in 1995.
In June 1996, the company sold its Composite Products Division for $141
million in cash. Net sales and operating profits (losses) of this business were
$49 million and $8 million, respectively, in 1996; $98 million and ($2) million,
respectively, in 1995; and $86 million and ($12) million, respectively, in 1994.
In March 1995, the company sold its Aerospace segment to Alliant Techsystems for
$247 million in cash and 3.86 million shares of Alliant common stock. Net sales
and operating profits of this segment were $123 million and $13 million,
respectively, in 1995 and $657 million and $110 million, respectively, in 1994.
In December 1995, Hercules sold the Electronics & Printing Division of its Food
& Functional Products segment to MacDermid Incorporated for $100 million in cash
and $30 million in preferred stock. Net sales and operating profit of this
division were $66 million and $16 million, respectively, in 1995, and $67
million and $12 million, respectively, in 1994.
18. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Leases:
Hercules has operating leases (including office space, transportation, and data
processing equipment) expiring at various dates. Rental expense was $31 million
in 1997, $31 million in 1996, and $35 million in 1995.
33
<PAGE> 35
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
At December 31, 1997, minimum rental payments under noncancelable
leases aggregated $290 million with subleases of $15 million. A significant
portion of these payments relates to a long-term operating lease for corporate
office facilities. The net minimum payments over the next five years are $22
million in 1998, $22 million in 1999, $18 million in 2000, $17 million in 2001,
and $17 million in 2002.
Environmental:
Hercules has been identified as a potentially responsible party (PRP) by U.S.
federal and state authorities for environmental cleanup at numerous sites. The
estimated range of the reasonably possible costs of remediation is between $71
million and $224 million. The actual costs will depend upon numerous factors,
including the number of parties found liable at each environmental site and
their ability to pay, the actual method of remediation, outcome of negotiations
with regulatory authorities, outcome of litigation, changes in environmental
laws and regulations, technological developments, and the years of remedial
activity required, which could range up to 30 years. Hercules becomes aware of
sites in which it may be, but has not yet been named, a PRP principally through
its knowledge of investigation of sites by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) or other government agency or through correspondence with
previously named PRPs requesting information on Hercules' activities at sites
under investigation. Hercules brought suit in 1992 against its insurance
carriers for past and future costs for remediation of certain environmental
sites. Hercules has not included any insurance recovery in the estimates above.
Hercules has established procedures for identifying environmental
issues at Hercules plant sites. Environmental coordinators, a designated
position at all operating facilities, are familiar with environmental laws and
regulations and are resources for identification of environmental issues.
Hercules also has an environmental audit program, which is designed to identify
environmental issues at operating plant sites. Through these programs, Hercules
identifies potential environmental, regulatory, and remedial issues.
Litigation over liability at Jacksonville, Arkansas, the most
significant site, has been pending since 1980. As a result of a pretrial court
ruling in October 1993, Hercules has been held jointly and severally liable for
costs incurred, and for future remediation costs, at the Jacksonville site by
the District Court, Eastern District of Arkansas (the Court).
Other defendants in this litigation have either settled with the
government or, in the case of the Department of Defense (DoD), have not been
held liable. Hercules appealed the Court's order finding the DoD not liable. On
January 31, 1995, the 8th Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the Court's order.
Hercules filed a petition to the U.S. Supreme Court requesting review and
reversal of the 8th Circuit Court ruling. This petition was denied on June 26,
1995, and the case was remanded to the District Court for further proceedings.
On May 21, 1997, the Court issued a ruling that Uniroyal is liable and
that Standard Chlorine is not liable to Hercules for contribution. A trial on
allocation of liability and damages among Hercules, Uniroyal, and the United
States will begin in June 1998. Hercules expects to appeal the Court's
determination with respect to its liability, the divisibility of harm issue, and
Standard Chlorine's liability when final judgment is entered.
Hercules' potential costs for remediation of the Jacksonville site are
presently estimated between $21 million and $88 million. These costs are based
on Hercules' assessment of potential liability, the level of participation by
other PRPs, and current estimates of remediation costs.
At December 31, 1997, the accrued liability for environmental
remediation represents management's best estimate of the probable and reasonably
estimable costs related to environmental remediation. The extent of liability is
evaluated quarterly. The measurement of the liability is evaluated based on
currently available information, including the progress of remedial
investigation at each site and the current status of negotiations with
regulatory authorities regarding the method and extent of apportionment of costs
among other PRPs. The company does not anticipate that its financial condition
will be materially affected by
34
<PAGE> 36
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
environmental remediation costs in excess of amounts accrued, although quarterly
or annual operating results could be materially affected.
Litigation:
Hercules is a defendant in numerous lawsuits that arise out of, and are
incidental to, the conduct of its business. In these legal proceedings, no
director, officer, or affiliate is a party or a named defendant. These suits
concern issues such as product liability, contract disputes, labor-related
matters, patent infringement, environmental proceedings, property damage, and
personal injury matters.
Hercules also is a defendant in two Qui Tam (Whistle Blower) lawsuits
in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of Utah, brought by former
employees of the Aerospace business sold to Alliant Techsystems. The first suit
(United States of America ex. rel. Katherine A. Colunga v. Hercules
Incorporated, et al., Civil No. 89-C-954B), involves allegations relating to
submission of false claims and records under various government contracts,
delivery of defective products, a deficient quality control program, and
wrongful termination claims. The second suit (United States of America ex. rel.
Benny D. Hullinger, et al., Civil No. 92-CV-085) involves allegations relating
to submission of false claims and records, mischarging of work performed under
government contracts, misuse of government equipment, other acts of financial
mismanagement, and wrongful termination claims. The government, after
investigation of the allegations, declined to intervene in either lawsuit. (A
third Qui Tam lawsuit is described in the following paragraph.) The first
lawsuit is presently scheduled for trial in April 1998. The Court has denied
various motions filed by Hercules, including motions for summary judgment and
other motions designed to limit the scope of the trial and the extent of damages
claimed. The case will be tried by a jury, and if any damages are awarded by the
jury under the False Claims Act, such damages would be automatically tripled by
the Court, and attorneys' fees and costs would also be added. As a result of the
Court's denial of the company's motions, and the Court's position as to how the
relevant contracts should be interpreted, which position is adverse to the
company, damage claims may be presented to the jury in amounts which, if
awarded, would have a material adverse effect on the company. The company
believes no damages were incurred by the government, no false claims were made
to the government, and alleged damages are speculative and unsupportable. The
damages in the second suit were not defined. The company intends to vigorously
defend these lawsuits.
In March 1995, Hercules sold its Aerospace business to Alliant
Techsystems, Inc., pursuant to a Purchase and Sale Agreement between Alliant and
Hercules (the Purchase Agreement). As part of such sale, Hercules received an
ownership interest in Alliant. (See Notes 13 and 17.) In March 1997, Alliant and
Hercules received a partially unsealed complaint that named both as defendants,
initiated on an unknown date, and filed in an undisclosed federal court, in a
Qui Tam action by a former employee alleging violations of the False Claims Act.
The action alleges labor mischarging at Alliant's Bacchus Works facility in
Magna, Utah, and contains a claim for wrongful termination. Damages are not
specified; and Alliant and Hercules have agreed to share equally the cost of
defense until such time as a determination is made as to the applicability of
the indemnification provisions of the Purchase Agreement. In February 1998, the
parties reached a tentative settlement, subject to the approval of the Court,
under which all claims alleging mischarging to the Intermediate Nuclear Forces
Contract would be settled. The settlement was recognized in the fourth quarter
of 1997. Other portions of the complaint, which include allegations of
mischarging to other government contracts and claims for wrongful termination of
employment, remain unresolved and are the subject of continued discussions. The
government has indicated it does not intend to intervene in these matters.
Hercules was also a defendant in a class action of property owners
adjacent to its Brunswick, Georgia, plant. The class members sought property
impairment-related damages, including damages for alleged decrease in property
values caused by the presence of toxaphene (a pesticide manufactured at the
plant from 1948 to 1980) on their properties. In February 1997, a settlement was
reached and on April 2, 1997, the Court approved the settlement. The amount paid
during the second quarter was not material to the financial condition of the
company.
35
<PAGE> 37
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
While it is not feasible to predict the outcome of all pending suits
and claims, the ultimate resolution of these matters could have a material
effect upon the financial position of Hercules, and the resolution of any of the
matters during a specific period could have a material effect on the quarterly
or annual operating results for that period.
19. CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLE
In November 1997, FASB's Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) reached a final
consensus on Issue 97-13, "Accounting for Costs Incurred in Connection With a
Consulting Contract That Combines Business Process Reengineering and Information
Technology Transformation." Activities deemed to be business process
reengineering include the following: current state assessments, configuring and
prototyping, process reengineering, and work force restructuring. The consensus
requires that the unamortized amounts of such costs previously capitalized as of
the beginning of the quarter, which includes November 20, 1997, be charged
during that quarter as the cumulative effect of a change in accounting
principle. The company adopted the consensus during the fourth quarter of 1997
and recorded a cumulative-effect adjustment of $5 million.
20. OPERATIONS BY INDUSTRY SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC AREA
Hercules operates worldwide, manufacturing chemical specialty products. Core
businesses are Aqualon, Paper Technology, Resins, and Food Gums. Principal
products and markets include water-soluble polymers used as thickeners in such
water-based products as latex paints, wet-strength and sizing aids for paper
production, rosin and hydrocarbon resins for adhesives, and natural gums for
food and beverages.
Operating results are prepared on a "customer basis," meaning that net
sales and profit (loss) from operations are included in the geographic area
where the customer is located. Assets are included in the geographic area in
which the producing entities are located. A direct sale from the United States
to an unaffiliated customer in Europe is reported as a European sale. Interarea
sales between Hercules locations are made at transfer prices that approximate
market price and have been eliminated from consolidated net sales. Operating
profit for the individual area includes the full profitability generated by
sales of Hercules products imported from other geographic areas. Intersegment
sales are eliminated and insignificant.
Identifiable assets include net trade accounts receivable, inventories,
and net property, plant, and equipment.
Consolidated foreign subsidiaries had net assets (including translation
adjustment) of $383 million at December 31, 1997, $522 million at December 31,
1996, and $605 million at December 31, 1995, and net income of $128 million in
1997, $158 million in 1996, and $144 million in 1995.
Direct export sales from the United States to unaffiliated customers
were $309 million, $295 million, and $291 million for 1997, 1996, and 1995,
respectively.
36
<PAGE> 38
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
20. OPERATIONS BY INDUSTRY SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC AREA Continued
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Dollars in millions)
Food &
Chemical Functional Corporate &
Industry Segments Specialties* Products Aerospace Other Total
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1997
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net sales $ 969 $ 895 $-- $ 2 $1,866
Profit (loss) from operations 78 172 -- (22) 228**
Identifiable assets 468 604 -- 131 1,203
Capital expenditures 52 47 -- 20 119
Depreciation 24 34 -- 15 73
1996
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net sales 1,085 923 -- 52 2,060
Profit from operations 205 217 -- 19 441
Identifiable assets 753 701 -- 13 1,467
Capital expenditures 61 55 -- 4 120
Depreciation 46 54 -- 6 106
1995
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net sales 1,154 1,046 123 104 2,427
Profit (loss) from operations 211 187 13 (48) 363
Identifiable assets 748 747 -- 165 1,660
Capital expenditures 61 43 6 7 117
Depreciation 51 67 2 13 133
United
Geographic Areas States Europe America*** Asia Pacific Total
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1997
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net sales to
unaffiliated customers $ 826 $655 $212 $173 $1,866
Profit from operations 36 127 38 27 228**
Identifiable assets 577 539 62 25 1,203
1996
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net sales to
unaffiliated customers 929 726 223 182 2,060
Profit from operations 177 151 65 48 441
Identifiable assets 767 581 86 33 1,467
1995
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net sales to
unaffiliated customers 1,241 762 243 181 2,427
Profit from operations 92 152 65 54 363
Identifiable assets 905 655 80 20 1,660
</TABLE>
* Reflects results of operation of Fibers Division through June 30, 1997.
(See Note 17.)
** Includes $167 million of other operating expenses. (See Note 11.)
*** Ex-U.S.A.
37
<PAGE> 39
Hercules Incorporated
Summary of Quarterly Results (Unaudited) (Dollars in millions, except per share)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter
1997 1996 1997 1996 1997 1996
` -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPERATING RESULTS
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales $ 495 $ 503 $ 502 $545 $ 448 $ 518
Cost of sales 320 326 314 354 270 327
SG&A and R&D 80 80 82 79 71 78
Other operating expenses (income), net 163 (1) (1) (5) -- (14)
` -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Profit (loss) from operations (68) 98 107 117 107 127
Equity income 17 14 4 16 4 12
Interest and debt expense 10 8 9 9 10 9
Other income (expense), net 335 12 13 8 22 (2)
` -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes and effect
of change in accounting principle 274 116 115 132 123 128
Income taxes 166 40 40 44 41 43
` -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before effect of change in
accounting principle 108 76 75 88 82 85
Effect of change in accounting
principle -- -- -- -- -- --
` -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 108 $ 76 $ 75 $ 88 $ 82 $ 85
=============================================================================
Earnings per share**
Basic:
Earnings before effect of change
in accounting principle $1.07 $ .71 $ .75 $.83 $ .83 $ .82
Effect of change in accounting
principle -- -- -- -- -- --
` -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Earnings per share $1.07 $ .71 $ .75 $.83 $ .83 $ .82
=============================================================================
Diluted:
Earnings before effect of change
in accounting principle $1.03 $ .68 $ .73 $.80 $ .81 $ .79
Effect of change in accounting
principle -- -- -- -- -- --
` -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Earnings per share $1.03 $ .68 $ .73 $.80 $ .81 $ .79
=============================================================================
NET SALES BY INDUSTRY SEGMENT
Chemical Specialties $ 271 $ 252 $ 267 $275 $ 217 $ 280
Food & Functional Products 222 228 235 242 231 237
Aerospace -- -- -- -- -- --
Corporate & other 2 23 -- 28 -- 1
` -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $ 495 $ 503 $ 502 $545 $ 448 $ 518
=============================================================================
PROFIT (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS
BY INDUSTRY SEGMENT
Chemical Specialties $ (46) $ 45 $ 49 $ 53 $ 41 $ 55
Food & Functional Products (3) 51 60 58 67 60
Aerospace -- -- -- -- -- --
Corporate & other (19) 2 (2) 6 (1) 12
` -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $ (68)* $ 98 $ 107 $117 $ 107 $ 127
=============================================================================
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
4th Quarter Year
1997 1996 1997 1996
------------------------------------------------
OPERATING RESULTS
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales $ 421 $ 494 $ 1,866 $ 2,060
Cost of sales 265 313 1,169 1,320
SG&A and R&D 71 81 304 318
Other operating expenses (income), net 3 1 165 (19)
` ------------------------------------------------
Profit (loss) from operations 82 99 228 * 441
Equity income 5 11 30 53
Interest and debt expense 10 9 39 35
Other income (expense), net 4 8 374 26
` ------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes and effect
of change in accounting principle 81 109 593 485
Income taxes 22 33 269 160
` ------------------------------------------------
Income before effect of change in
accounting principle 59 76 324 325
Effect of change in accounting
principle (5) -- (5) --
` ------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 54 $ 76 $ 319 $ 325
================================================
Earnings per share**
Basic:
Earnings before effect of change
in accounting principle $ .62 $ .74 $ 3.27 $ 3.10
Effect of change in accounting
principle (.05) -- (.05) --
` ------------------------------------------------
Earnings per share $ .57 $ .74 $ 3.22 $ 3.10
================================================
Diluted:
Earnings before effect of change
in accounting principle $ .61 $ .71 $ 3.18 $ 2.98
Effect of change in accounting
principle (.05) -- (.05) --
` ------------------------------------------------
Earnings per share $ .56 $ .71 $ 3.13 $ 2.98
================================================
NET SALES BY INDUSTRY SEGMENT
Chemical Specialties $ 214 $ 278 $ 969 $ 1,085
Food & Functional Products 207 216 895 923
Aerospace -- -- -- --
Corporate & other -- -- 2 52
` ------------------------------------------------
Total $ 421 $ 494 $ 1,866 $ 2,060
================================================
PROFIT (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS
BY INDUSTRY SEGMENT
Chemical Specialties $ 34 $ 52 $ 78 $ 205
Food & Functional Products 48 48 172 217
Aerospace -- -- -- --
Corporate & other -- (1) (22) 19
` ------------------------------------------------
Total $ 82 $ 99 $ 228 $ 441
================================================
</TABLE>
* Includes $167 million of other operating expenses. (See Note 11.)
** Per share amounts for all periods presented have been restated to conform
with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128,
"Earnings per Share," adopted in the fourth quarter of 1997.
38
<PAGE> 40
Principal Consolidated, Wholly Owned Subsidiaries (Directly or Indirectly)
AUSTRIA
Patex Chemie GmbH, Traun
THE BAHAMAS
Hercules International Trade Corporation Limited
(HINTCO), Nassau
BELGIUM
Hercules Belgium N.V., Doel/Beringen
S.A. Hercules Europe N.V., Brussels
BERMUDA
Curtis Bay Insurance Co., Ltd., Hamilton
CANADA
Genu Products Canada Ltd., Pubnico, Nova Scotia
Hercules Canada Inc., Mississauga, Ontario
CHINA
Hercules China Limited, Hong Kong Special
Administrative Region
CZECH REPUBLIC
Hercules CZ s.r.o., Prague
DENMARK
Copenhagen Pectin A/S, Lille Skensved
ENGLAND
Hercules Limited, Surrey
FINLAND
Oy Hercofinn Ab, Helsinki
FRANCE
Aqualon France B.V., Rueil
Hercules S.A., Rueil
GERMANY
Hercules GmbH, Dusseldorf
Pomosin GmbH, Grossenbrode
ITALY
Hercules Italia S.p.A., Milan
JAPAN
Hercules Japan Ltd., Tokyo
MEXICO
Quimica Hercules, S.A. de C.V., Mexico City
THE NETHERLANDS
Hercules B.V., Rijswijk
THE PHILIPPINES
Hercules Ultramarine Inc., Cebu
POLAND
Hercules Polska Sp. z o. o., Warsaw
SINGAPORE (REPUBLIC OF)
Hercules Singapore Pte Ltd., Singapore
SPAIN
Hercules Quimica, S.A., Tarragona
SWEDEN
Hercules AB, Goteborg
UNITED STATES
Hercules Finance Company
Wilmington, Delaware
VIRGIN ISLANDS
Hercules Overseas Corporation,
St. Thomas
39
<PAGE> 41
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE:
Not Applicable.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT:
Information regarding directors and nominees for directors of the
company is included under the caption entitled "Reelection of Directors" on page
3 of the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference. Information
regarding executive officers begins on page 11 of that report.
Disclosure of information for directors, officers, and other
persons not meeting the timely reporting requirements under section 16(a) of the
Exchange Act is contained in the Proxy Statement under the caption entitled
"Compliance With Section 16(a) Reporting" on page 19 and is incorporated herein
by reference.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION:
Information regarding executive compensation of Hercules'
directors and executive officers is included in the Proxy Statement under the
caption entitled "Board of Directors - Highlights" on page 8, and the caption
entitled "Report of the Compensation Committee" on pages 13 through 18,
respectively, and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT:
Information regarding beneficial ownership of the Common Stock by
certain beneficial owners and by management of the company is included under the
caption entitled "Stock Ownership of Directors and Officers" on page 19 of the
Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS:
In 1997, no director or officer had an involvement in such
transactions of a nature or magnitude to require disclosure under the applicable
SEC thresholds.
40
<PAGE> 42
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND
REPORTS ON FORM 8-K:
(a) Documents filed as part of this Report:
1. Financial Statements
These documents are listed in the Index to Consolidated
Financial Statements. See Item 8.
2. Financial Statement Schedules:
All schedules are omitted because they are not applicable,
not required, or the information required is either
presented in the Notes to Financial Statements or has not
changed materially from that previously reported.
3. Exhibits:
A complete listing of exhibits required is given in the
Exhibit Index which precedes the exhibits filed with this
Report.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K.
Hercules was not required to file any reports on Form 8-K for
the quarter ended December 31, 1997.
41
<PAGE> 43
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to
be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on March
31, 1998.
HERCULES INCORPORATED
By GEORGE MACKENZIE
---------------------------------------
George MacKenzie, Senior Vice President
and Chief Financial Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
registrant in the capacities indicated on March 31, 1998.
PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND DIRECTOR:
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer R. KEITH ELLIOTT
---------------------------
R. Keith Elliott
PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER:
Senior Vice President and GEORGE MACKENZIE
Chief Financial Officer ---------------------------
George MacKenzie
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING OFFICER:
Vice President and Controller VIKRAM JOG
---------------------------
Vikram Jog
DIRECTORS:
VINCENT J. CORBO
--------------------------------- RALPH L. MACDONALD, JR.
Vincent J. Corbo -----------------------------
Ralph L. MacDonald, Jr.
RICHARD M. FAIRBANKS, III
--------------------------------- H. EUGENE MCBRAYER
R. M. Fairbanks, III -----------------------------
H. Eugene McBrayer
EDITH E. HOLIDAY
--------------------------------- PETER MCCAUSLAND
Edith E. Holiday -----------------------------
Peter McCausland
ROBERT G. JAHN
--------------------------------- PAULA A. SNEED
Robert G. Jahn -----------------------------
Paula A. Sneed
GAYNOR N. KELLEY
---------------------------------
Gaynor N. Kelley
42
<PAGE> 44
EXHIBIT INDEX
Number Description Incorporated by Reference to
3-A Restated Certificate Exhibit 3-A, Annual
of Incorporation of Report on Form 10-K,
Hercules filed March 26,
Incorporated as 1993.
revised and amended
July 6, 1988.
3-B By-Laws of Hercules Exhibit 3-B, Annual
Incorporated as Report on Form 10-K,
revised and amended filed March 26, 1993.
October 30, 1991.
4-B The company is party
to several long-term
debt instruments
under which in each
case the total
amount of securities
authorized does not
exceed 10% of the
total assets of
Hercules. Pursuant
to paragraph
4(iii)(A) of Item
601(b) of Regulation
S-K, the company
agrees to furnish a
copy of such
instruments to the
Securities and
Exchange Commission
upon request.
10-A Hercules Appendix A, Notice
Incorporated Unit of Annual Meeting
Incentive Plan. and Proxy Statement
Dated February 10,
1969*.
10-B Hercules Executive Exhibit 10-D,
Survivor Benefit Annual Report on
Plan. Form 10-K, filed
March 27, 1981*.
10-C Hercules Exhibit
Incorporated Phantom E, Notice of Annual
Stock Plan. Meeting and Proxy
Statement Dated
February 14, 1986*.
10-D Hercules Exhibit B, Notice of
Incorporated Annual Meeting and
Restricted Stock Proxy Statement
Plan of 1986. Dated February 14,
1986*.
10-E Hercules Exhibit D, Notice of
Incorporated Stock Annual Meeting and
Option Plan of 1986. Proxy Statement
Dated February 14,
1986*.
10-F Hercules Exhibit 10-I, Annual
Incorporated Report on Form 10-K,
Deferred filed March 29,
Compensation Plan. 1988.
10-G Hercules Exhibit 4.1,
Incorporated Long Registration
Term Incentive Statement on Form
Compensation Plan. S-8, filed July 1,
1993.
10-H Hercules Exhibit 10-H, Annual
Incorporated Annual Report on Form 10-K,
Management Incentive filed March 26,
Compensation Plan. 1993.
10-I Hercules Exhibit 4.1,
Incorporated 1993 Registration
Nonemployee Director Statement on Form
Stock Accumulation S-8, filed July 16,
Plan. 1993.
43
<PAGE> 45
EXHIBIT INDEX (CONT'D)
Number Description Incorporated by Reference to
10-J Hercules Exhibit 10-J, Annual
Incorporated Report on Form 10-K,
Deferred filed March 26,
Compensation Plan 1993.
for Nonemployee
Directors.
10-L Hercules Employee Exhibit 10-L, Annual
Pension Restoration Report on Form 10-K,
Plan. filed March 26,
1993.
10-M Form of Employment Exhibit 10-J, Annual
Contract between the Report on Form 10-K,
company and certain filed March 29,
directors and 1988*.
officers of the
company.
10-N Form of Annex II, Notice of
Indemnification Annual Meeting and
Agreement between Proxy Statement
the company and Dated February 19,
certain directors 1987*.
and officers of the
company.
10-P Hercules Exhibit 10-P,
Incorporated Long Amended and restated
Term Incentive as of April 27,
Compensation Plan. 1995.
21 Subsidiaries of the Page 39 of 1997 Form
Registrant. 10-K. See Part II,
Item 8.
23-A Consent of Page 44 of 1997 Form
Independent 10-K.
Accountants.
27 Financial Data 1997 10-K
Schedules. Restated 3Q97 10-Q
Restated 2Q97 10-Q
Restated 1Q97 10-Q
Restated 10-K96
Restated 3Q96 10-Q
Restated 2Q96 10-Q
Restated 1Q96 10-Q
Restated 10-K95
* Previously filed as indicated and incorporated herein by reference.
Exhibits incorporated by reference should be located in SEC File No.
1-496.
44
<PAGE> 46
EXHIBIT 23-A. CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements of
Hercules Incorporated and subsidiary companies on Form S-8 [Registration No.
33-37279 (which includes Registration No. 33-21668), No. 33-14912, No.
33-15052, No. 33-21667, No. 33-47664, No. 33-51178, No. 33-52621, No. 33-66136,
No. 33-62314, No. 33-65352, No. 333-38795, and No. 333-38797] and on Form S-3
(Registration No. 33-33768 and No. 333-29225) of our report, which includes an
explanatory paragraph regarding a change, in 1997, in the company's method of
accounting for costs incurred in connection with its enterprise software
installation, dated February 13, 1998 on our audits of the consolidated
financial statements of Hercules Incorporated and subsidiary companies as of
December 31, 1997 and 1996, and for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 1997, which report is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P.
2400 Eleven Penn Center
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103
March 31, 1998
45
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<ARTICLE> 5
<LEGEND>
Hercules Incorporated 10K97
</LEGEND>
<MULTIPLIER> 1,000
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> YEAR
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1997
<PERIOD-END> DEC-31-1997
<CASH> 17,000
<SECURITIES> 0
<RECEIVABLES> 389,000
<ALLOWANCES> 0
<INVENTORY> 234,000
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 689,000
<PP&E> 2,088,000
<DEPRECIATION> 1,401,000
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 2,411,000
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 799,000
<BONDS> 0
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