<PAGE> 1
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT (NO. 2-17620) UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
PRE-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. [ ]
POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 74 [X]
AND
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY
ACT OF 1940
AMENDMENT NO. 74 [X]
VANGUARD WORLD FUND
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN DECLARATION OF TRUST)
P.O. BOX 2600
VALLEY FORGE, PA 19482
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICE)
REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER (610) 669-1000
R. GREGORY BARTON, ESQUIRE
P.O. BOX 876
VALLEY FORGE, PA 19482
IT IS PROPOSED THAT THIS FILING BECOME EFFECTIVE
on December 29, 1998 pursuant to paragraph (a) of Rule 485.
APPROXIMATE DATE OF PROPOSED PUBLIC OFFERING:
As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective.
WE HAVE ELECTED TO REGISTER AN INDEFINITE NUMBER OF SECURITIES UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 PURSUANT TO RULE 24f-2 OF THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF
1940. WE FILED OUR RULE 24f-2 NOTICE FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED AUGUST 31, 1998,
WITH THE COMMISSION ON NOVEMBER --, 1998.
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<PAGE> 2
VANGUARD WORLD FUND
CROSS REFERENCE SHEET
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FORM N-1A
ITEM NUMBER LOCATION IN PROSPECTUS
- ----------- ----------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Item 1. Front and Back Cover Pages............. Front and Back Cover Pages
Item 2. Risk/Return Summary: Investments,
Risks,
and Performance........................ Fund Profile
Item 3. Risk/Return Summary: Fee Table......... Fee Table
Item 4. Investment Objectives, Principal
Investment Strategies, and Related
Risks.................................. A Word About Risk; Who Should Invest;
Primary Investment Strategies
Item 5. Management's Discussion of Fund
Performance............................ Herein incorporated by reference to
Registrant's Annual Report to
Shareholders dated August 31, 1998
filed with the Securities & Exchange
Commission's EDGAR system on --
Item 6. Management, Organization, and Capital
Structure.............................. The Fund and Vanguard; Investment
Adviser
Item 7. Shareholder Information................ Share Price; Dividends, Capital Gains,
and Taxes; Investing with Vanguard
Item 8. Distribution Arrangements.............. Not Applicable
Item 9. Financial Highlights Information....... Financial Highlights
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FORM N-1A LOCATION IN STATEMENT
ITEM NUMBER OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
- ----------- -------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Item 10. Cover Page and Table of Contents....... Cover Page; Table of Contents
Item 11. Fund History........................... Description of the Trust
Item 12. Description of the Fund and its
Investments and Risks.................. Investment Policies; Description of the
Trust; and Fundamental Investment
Limitations
Item 13. Management of the Fund................. Management of the Trust
Item 14. Control Persons and Principal Holders
of Securities.......................... Management of the Trust
Item 15. Investment Advisory and Other
Services............................... Investment Advisory Services
Item 16. Brokerage Allocation and Other
Practices.............................. Portfolio Transactions
Item 17. Capital Stock and Other Securities..... Description of the Trust
Item 18. Purchase, Redemption, and Pricing of
Shares................................. Purchase of Shares; Redemption of
Shares; and Share Price
Item 19. Taxation of the Fund................... Description of the Trust; and
Dividends, Capital Gains and Taxes
Item 20. Underwriters........................... Not Applicable
Item 21. Calculation of Performance Data........ Yield & Total Return
Item 22. Financial Statements................... Financial Statements
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 3
VANGUARD
U.S. GROWTH FUND
Prospectus
December 29, 1998
[VANGUARD SHIP GRAPHIC]
This prospectus contains
financial data for the
Fund through the
fiscal year ended
August 31, 1998.
[Vanguard Logo]
<PAGE> 4
VANGUARD U.S. GROWTH FUND
A Growth Stock Mutual Fund
CONTENTS
1 FUND PROFILE
3 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
3 A WORD ABOUT RISK
3 WHO SHOULD INVEST
4 PRIMARY INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
6 THE FUND AND VANGUARD
7 INVESTMENT ADVISER
8 YEAR 2000 CHALLENGE
8 DIVIDENDS, CAPITAL GAINS, AND TAXES
9 SHARE PRICE
10 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
11 INVESTING WITH VANGUARD
11 SERVICES AND ACCOUNT FEATURES
12 TYPES OF ACCOUNTS
12 BUYING SHARES
14 REDEEMING SHARES
16 TRANSFERRING REGISTRATION
16 FUND AND ACCOUNT UPDATES
GLOSSARY (INSIDE BACK COVER)
WHY READING THIS PROSPECTUS IS IMPORTANT
This prospectus explains the objective, risks, and strategies of Vanguard U.S.
Growth Fund. To highlight terms and concepts important to mutual fund investors,
we have provided "Plain Talk(R)" explanations along the way. Reading the
prospectus will help you to decide whether the Fund is the right investment for
you. We suggest that you keep it for future reference.
NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE SECURITIES OR PASSED UPON THE
ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
<PAGE> 5
1
FUND PROFILE
The following profile summarizes key features of Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
The Fund is a stock fund that seeks to provide long-term capital growth.
INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
The Fund invests in large-capitalization stocks of high-quality, seasoned U.S.
companies with records of superior growth. The Fund chooses companies with
strong positions in their markets, reasonable financial strength, and low
sensitivity to changing economic conditions.
PRIMARY RISKS
THE FUND'S TOTAL RETURN, LIKE STOCK PRICES GENERALLY, WILL FLUCTUATE WITHIN A
WIDE RANGE, SO AN INVESTOR COULD LOSE MONEY OVER SHORT OR EVEN EXTENDED PERIODS.
The Fund is also subject to:
- - Investment style risk, which is the chance that returns from
large-capitalization growth stocks will trail returns from other asset
classes or the overall stock market.
- - Concentration risk, which is the chance that the Fund's performance may be
hurt disproportionately by the poor performance of relatively few stocks.
- - Manager risk, which is the chance that poor security selection will cause
the Fund to underperform other funds with similar investment objectives.
AN INVESTMENT IN THE FUND IS NOT INSURED OR GUARANTEED BY THE FEDERAL
DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION OR ANY OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCY. AS WITH ANY
INVESTMENT IN COMMON STOCKS, WHICH ARE SUBJECT TO WIDE FLUCTUATIONS IN MARKET
VALUE, YOU COULD LOSE MONEY BY INVESTING IN THE FUND.
PERFORMANCE/RISK INFORMATION
The bar chart and table below provide an indication of the risk of investing in
Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund. The bar chart shows the Fund's performance in each
calendar year over a ten-year period. The table shows how the Fund's average
annual returns for one, five, and ten calendar years compare to those of a
broad-based securities market index. Keep in mind that the Fund's past
performance does not indicate how it will perform in the future.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[Include Fund's year-to-date return information as of the end of the most
recent quarter.]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
During the period shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a
calendar quarter was X % (quarter ending _____________ ) and the lowest return
for a quarter was X % (quarter ending ______________).
<PAGE> 6
2
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS FOR YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1 YEAR 5 YEARS 10 YEARS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund X % X % X %
S&P 500 Index X X X
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
THE COSTS OF INVESTING
Costs are an important consideration in choosing a mutual fund. That's because
you, as a shareholder, pay the costs of operating a fund, plus any transaction
costs associated with the fund's buying and selling of securities. These costs
can erode a substantial portion of the gross income or capital appreciation a
fund achieves. Even seemingly small differences in expenses can, over time, have
a dramatic effect on a fund's performance.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
FUND EXPENSES
All mutual funds have operating expenses. These expenses, which are deducted
from a fund's gross income, are expressed as a percentage of the net assets of
the fund. Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund's expense ratio in fiscal year 1998 was X %,
or $ X per $1,000 of average net assets. The average growth equity mutual fund
had expenses in 1998 of X %, or $ X per $1,000 of average net assets, according
to Lipper Analytical Services, which reports on the mutual fund industry.
FEES AND EXPENSES
The following tables describe the fees and expenses you would pay if you buy and
hold shares of the Fund.
SHAREHOLDER FEES (FEES PAID DIRECTLY FROM YOUR INVESTMENT)
Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases: None
Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Reinvested Dividends: None
Redemption Fees: None
Exchange Fees: None
The expenses shown in the following table are based upon those incurred
in the fiscal year ended August 31, 1998.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (expenses deducted from the Fund's assets)
Management and Administrative Expenses: X %
Investment Advisory Expenses: X %
12b-1 Distribution Fees: None
Other Expenses (Marketing, Taxes, Auditing, etc.): X %
TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES (EXPENSE RATIO): X %
The following example is intended to help you compare the cost of
investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. It
illustrates the hypothetical expenses that you would incur over various periods
if you invest $10,000 in the Fund. This example assumes that the Fund provides a
return of 5% a year, and that operating expenses remain the same. The results
apply whether or not you redeem your investment at the end of each period.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 YEAR 3 YEARS 5 YEARS 10 YEARS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
$ X $ X $ X $ X
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
THIS EXAMPLE SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED TO REPRESENT ACTUAL EXPENSES OR
PERFORMANCE FROM THE PAST OR FOR THE FUTURE. ACTUAL FUTURE EXPENSES MAY BE
HIGHER OR LOWER THAN THOSE SHOWN.
<PAGE> 7
3
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
DIVIDENDS AND CAPITAL GAINS
Paid annually in December
INVESTMENT ADVISER
Lincoln Capital Management Company, Chicago, Ill., since 19__
INCEPTION DATE
January 6, 1959
NET ASSETS AS OF AUGUST 31, 1998
$ X billion
SUITABLE FOR IRAS
Yes
MINIMUM INITIAL INVESTMENT
$3,000; $1,000 for IRAs and custodial accounts for minors
NEWSPAPER ABBREVIATION
USGro
VANGUARD FUND NUMBER
023
CUSIP NUMBER
921910105
TICKER SYMBOL
VWUSX
A WORD ABOUT RISK
This prospectus describes the risks you would face as an investor in Vanguard
U.S. Growth Fund. It is important to keep in mind one of the main axioms of
investing: The higher the risk of losing money, the higher the potential reward.
The reverse, also, is generally true: The lower the risk, the lower the
potential reward. As you consider an investment in Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund,
you should also take into account your personal tolerance for the daily
fluctuations of the stock market.
Look for this [FLAG GRAPHIC] symbol throughout the prospectus. It is
used to mark detailed information about each type of risk that you would
confront as a shareholder of the Fund.
WHO SHOULD INVEST
The Fund may be a suitable investment for you if:
- - You wish to add a growth stock fund to your existing holdings, which could
include other stock investments as well as bond, money market, and
tax-exempt investments.
- - You are seeking growth of capital over the long term--at least five years.
- - You are not looking for current income.
- - You characterize your investment temperament as "relatively aggressive."
- - You are seeking a fund that emphasizes companies with established records
of growth.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
COSTS AND MARKET-TIMING
Some investors try to profit from market-timing--switching money into
investments when they expect prices to rise, and taking money out when they
expect the market to fall. As money is shifted in and out, a fund incurs
expenses for buying and selling securities. These costs are borne by all fund
shareholders, including the long-term investors who do not generate the costs.
Therefore, the Fund discourages short-term trading by, among other things,
limiting the number of exchanges it permits.
THE VANGUARD FUNDS DO NOT PERMIT MARKET TIMING. DO NOT INVEST IN THIS
FUND IF YOU ARE A MARKET-TIMER.
<PAGE> 8
4
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
GROWTH FUNDS AND VALUE FUNDS
Growth investing and value investing are two styles employed by stock fund
managers. Growth funds generally focus on companies believed to have
above-average potential for growth in revenue and earnings. Reflecting the
market's high expectations for superior growth, the prices of such stocks are
typically above-average in relation to such measures as revenue, earnings, book
value, and dividends. Value funds generally emphasize stocks of companies from
which the market does not expect strong growth. The prices of value stocks
typically are below-average in comparison to such factors as earnings and book
value, and these stocks typically pay above-average dividend yields. Growth and
value stocks have, in the past, produced similar long-term returns, though each
category has periods when it outperforms the other. In general, growth funds
appeal to investors who will accept more volatility in hopes of a greater
increase in share price. Growth funds also may appeal to investors with taxable
accounts who want a higher proportion of returns to come as capital gains (which
may be taxed at lower rates than dividend income). Value funds, by contrast, are
appropriate for investors who want some dividend income and the potential for
capital gains, but are less tolerant of share-price fluctuations.
The Fund has adopted the following policies, among others, to
discourage short-term trading:
- - The Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase request--including
exchanges from other Vanguard funds--that it regards as disruptive to the
efficient management of the Fund. This could be because of the timing of
the investment or because of a history of excessive trading by the
investor.
- - There is a limit on the number of times you can exchange into or out of the
Fund (see "Redeeming Shares" in the INVESTING WITH VANGUARD section).
- - The Fund reserves the right to stop offering shares at any time.
PRIMARY INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
This section explains the strategies that the investment adviser uses in pursuit
of the Fund's objective, long-term growth in capital. It also explains how the
adviser implements these strategies. In addition, this section discusses several
important risks--market risk, investment style risk, concentration risk, and
manager risk--faced by investors in the Fund. The Fund's Board of Trustees
oversees the management of the Fund, and may change the investment strategies in
the interest of shareholders.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
LARGE-CAP, MID-CAP, AND SMALL-CAP STOCKS
Stocks of publicly traded companies--and mutual funds that hold these
stocks--can be classified by the companies' market value, or capitalization.
Vanguard defines large-capitalization (large-cap) funds as those holding stocks
of companies whose outstanding shares have a market value exceeding $7.5
billion. Mid-cap funds hold stocks of companies with a market value between $1
billion and $7.5 billion. Small-cap funds hold stocks of companies with a market
value of less than $1 billion.
MARKET EXPOSURE
The Fund's primary strategy is to invest chiefly in the common stocks of
large-capitalization companies that offer favorable prospects for capital growth
but that produce little current income. The Fund may also invest in securities
that are convertible to common stocks.
[FLAG THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO MARKET RISK, WHICH IS THE POSSIBILITY THAT
GRAPHIC] STOCK PRICES OVERALL WILL DECLINE OVER SHORT OR EVEN LONG PERIODS.
STOCK MARKETS TEND TO MOVE IN CYCLES, WITH PERIODS OF RISING PRICES
AND PERIODS OF FALLING PRICES.
To illustrate the volatility of stock prices, the following table shows the
best, worst, and average total returns for the U.S. stock market over various
periods as measured by the Standard & Poor's 500 Composite Stock Price Index, a
widely used barometer of market activity. (Total
<PAGE> 9
5
returns consist of dividend income plus change in market price.) Note that the
returns shown do not include the costs of buying and selling stocks or other
expenses that a real-world investment portfolio would incur. Note, also, that
the gap between best and worst tends to narrow over the long term.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
FUND DIVERSIFICATION
AND CONCENTRATION
In general, the more diversified a fund's stock holdings, the less likely it is
that a specific stock's poor performance will hurt the fund. One measure of a
fund's diversification is the percentage of its assets represented by its ten
largest holdings. The average U.S. equity mutual fund has about 30% of its
assets concentrated in its ten largest holdings, while some less-diversified
funds have more than 50% of their assets invested in the stocks of just ten
companies.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. STOCK MARKET RETURNS (1926-1997)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1 YEAR 5 YEARS 10 YEARS 20 YEARS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Best 53.9% 23.9% 20.1% 16.9%
Worst -43.3 -12.5 -0.9 3.1
Average 13.0 10.5 10.9 10.9
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
The table covers all of the 1-, 5-, 10-, and 20-year periods from 1926
through 1997. You can see, for example, that while the average return on stocks
for all of the 5-year periods was 10.5%, returns for individual 5-year periods
ranged from a -12.5% average (from 1928 through 1932) to 23.9% (from 1951
through 1954). These average returns reflect past performance on common stocks;
you should not regard them as an indication of future returns from either the
stock market as a whole or this Fund in particular.
Finally, because Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund's holdings are not identical
to the S&P 500 Index or any other market index, the performance of the Fund will
not mirror the returns of any particular index.
[FLAG THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO INVESTMENT STYLE RISK, WHICH IS THE
GRAPHIC] POSSIBILITY THAT RETURNS FROM LARGE CAPITALIZATION GROWTH STOCKS WILL
TRAIL RETURNS FROM OTHER ASSET CLASSES OR THE OVERALL STOCK MARKET.
AS A GROUP, LARGE-CAPITALIZATION GROWTH STOCKS TEND TO GO THROUGH
CYCLES OF DOING BETTER--OR WORSE--THAN COMMON STOCKS IN GENERAL.
THESE PERIODS HAVE, IN THE PAST, LASTED FOR AS LONG AS SEVERAL YEARS.
SECURITY SELECTION
Lincoln Capital Management Company ("Lincoln"), adviser to the Fund, selects
common stocks of large, seasoned U.S. companies that have past records of growth
and, in Lincoln's opinion, have above-average prospects for continued growth and
are selling at attractive prices. Such companies tend to have strong positions
in their markets, reasonable financial strength, and relatively low sensitivity
to changing economic conditions. Lincoln seeks to identify stocks that sell at
attractive prices in relation to their growth potential.
[FLAG BECAUSE THE FUND INVESTS A HIGHER PERCENTAGE OF ASSETS IN ITS TEN
GRAPHIC] LARGEST HOLDINGS THAN THE AVERAGE STOCK FUND DOES, THE FUND IS
SUBJECT TO CONCENTRATION RISK, WHICH IS THE POSSIBILITY THAT ITS
PERFORMANCE MAY BE HURT DISPROPORTIONATELY BY THE POOR PERFORMANCE OF
RELATIVELY FEW STOCKS.
As of August 31, 1998, the Fund had invested o % of total net assets in
its top ten holdings.
The Fund is run by Lincoln according to traditional methods of active
investment management. This means that securities are bought and sold according
to Lincoln's judgments about companies and their financial prospects, within the
context of the stock market and the economy in general.
The Fund is generally managed without regard to tax ramifications.
[FLAG THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO MANAGER RISK, WHICH IS THE POSSIBILITY THAT
GRAPHIC] THE ADVISER MAY DO A POOR JOB OF SELECTING STOCKS.
<PAGE> 10
6
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
TURNOVER RATE
Before investing in a mutual fund, you should review its turnover rate. This
gives an indication of how transaction costs could affect the fund's future
returns. In general, the greater the volume of buying and selling by the fund,
the greater the impact that brokerage commissions and other transaction costs
will have on its return. (These costs are in addition to those described in the
fee table on page 2.) Also, funds with high turnover rates may be more likely to
generate capital gains that must be distributed to shareholders as income
subject to taxes. The average turnover rate for all domestic stock funds is
approximately 80%.
TURNOVER RATE
Although the Fund generally seeks to invest for the long term, it retains the
right to sell securities regardless of how long they have been held. The Fund's
average turnover rate for the past five years has been about X%. (A turnover
rate of 100% would occur, for example, if the Fund sold and replaced securities
valued at 100% of its net assets within a one-year period.)
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
DERIVATIVES
A derivative is a financial contract whose value is based on (or "derived" from)
a traditional security (such as a stock or a bond), an asset (such as a
commodity like gold), or a market index (such as the S&P 500 Index). Futures and
options are derivatives that have been trading on regulated exchanges for more
than two decades. These "traditional" derivatives are standardized contracts
that can easily be bought and sold, and whose market values are determined and
published daily. It is these characteristics that differentiate futures and
options from the relatively new types of derivatives. If used for speculation or
as leveraged investments, derivatives can carry considerable risks.
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES AND RISKS
Besides investing in common stocks of growth companies, the Fund may make
certain other kinds of investments to achieve its objective.
Although the Fund typically does not make significant investments in
securities of companies based outside the United States, it reserves the right
to invest up to 20% of its assets in foreign securities. These securities may be
traded in U.S. or foreign markets. To the extent that it owns foreign stocks,
the Fund is subject to (1) country risk, which is the possibility that political
events (such as a war), financial problems (such as government default), or
natural disasters (such as an earthquake) will weaken a country's economy and
cause investments in that country to lose money; and (2) currency risk, which is
the possibility that Americans investing abroad could lose money because of a
rise in the value of the U.S. dollar versus foreign currencies.
The Fund may also invest, to a limited extent, in stock futures and
options contracts, which are traditional types of derivatives. Losses (or gains)
involving futures and options can sometimes be substantial--in part because a
relatively small price movement in a contract may result in an immediate and
substantial loss (or gain) for a fund. This Fund will not use futures and
options for speculative purposes or as leveraged investments that magnify the
gains or losses of an investment. The value of all futures and options contracts
in which the Fund acquires an interest cannot exceed 20% of total assets.
The reasons for which the Fund will invest in futures and options are:
- - To keep cash on hand to meet shareholder redemptions or other needs
while simulating full investment in stocks.
- - To reduce the Fund's transaction costs or add value when these
instruments are favorably priced.
The Fund may, from time to time, take temporary defensive
measures--such as holding cash reserves without limit--that are inconsistent
with the Fund's primary investment strategies, in response to adverse market,
economic, political, or other conditions. In taking such measures, the Fund may
not achieve its investment objective.
THE FUND AND VANGUARD
The Fund is a member of The Vanguard Group, a family of more than X investment
companies with more than X distinct investment portfolios holding assets worth
more than $X billion. All of the Vanguard funds share in the expenses associated
with business operations, such as personnel, office space, equipment, and
advertising.
<PAGE> 11
7
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
VANGUARD'S UNIQUE CORPORATE STRUCTURE
The Vanguard Group is truly a MUTUAL mutual fund company. It is owned jointly by
the funds it oversees and thus indirectly by the shareholders in those funds.
Most other mutual funds are operated by for-profit management companies that may
be owned by one person, by a group of individuals, or by investors who own the
management company's stock. By contrast, Vanguard provides its services on an
"at-cost" basis, and the funds' expense ratios reflect only these costs. No
separate management company reaps profits or absorbs losses from operating the
funds.
Vanguard also provides marketing services to the funds. Although
shareholders do not pay sales commissions or 12b-1 distribution fees, each fund
pays its allocated share of The Vanguard Group's marketing costs.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
THE FUND'S ADVISER
Lincoln Capital Management Company is an investment advisory firm founded in
1967. As of August 31, 1998, Lincoln managed more than $46 billion in assets. It
provides investment counseling services to a limited number of clients, most of
which are institutional clients such as pension funds. The managers responsible
for overseeing the implementation of Lincoln's strategy for Vanguard U.S. Growth
Fund are:
J. PARKER HALL III, Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director of
Lincoln; has worked in investment management since 1957; with Lincoln since
1971; B.A., Swarthmore College; M.B.A., Harvard Business School.
DAVID M. FOWLER, Executive Vice President and Managing Director of
Lincoln; has worked in investment management since 1972; with Lincoln since
1984; B.S., Loyola University; M.B.A., Northwestern University.
INVESTMENT ADVISER
The Fund employs Lincoln Capital Management Company, 200 South Wacker
Drive, Chicago, IL 60606, as its investment adviser. Lincoln manages the Fund
subject to the control of the Trustees and officers of the Fund.
Lincoln's advisory fee is paid quarterly. This fee is based on certain
annual percentage rates applied to the Fund's average month-end assets for each
quarter.
For the year ended August 31, 1998, the investment advisory fee paid to
Lincoln was $ X million, which represented an effective annual rate of X % of
the Fund's average net assets.
The Fund has authorized Lincoln to choose brokers or dealers to handle
the purchase and sale of securities for the Fund, and to get the best available
price and most favorable execution from these brokers with respect to all
transactions.
In the interest of obtaining better execution of a transaction, Lincoln
may choose brokers who charge higher commissions. If more than one broker can
obtain the best available price and favorable execution of a transaction, then
Lincoln is authorized to choose a broker who, in addition to executing the
transaction, will provide research services to Lincoln or the Fund. Also, the
Fund may direct Lincoln to use a particular broker for certain transactions in
exchange for commission rebates or research services provided to the Fund.
However, Lincoln will not pay higher commissions specifically for the purpose of
obtaining research services.
The Board of Trustees may, without prior approval from shareholders,
change the terms of the advisory agreement or hire a new investment adviser,
either as a replacement for Lincoln or as an additional adviser. However, no
such change would be made before giving shareholders notice in writing.
<PAGE> 12
8
YEAR 2000 CHALLENGE
The common practice in computer programming of using just two digits to identify
a year has resulted in the Year 2000 challenge throughout the information
technology industry. If unchanged, many computer applications and systems could
misinterpret dates occurring after December 31, 1999, leading to errors or
failure. Such failure could adversely affect a fund's operations, including
pricing, securities trading, and the servicing of shareholder accounts.
The Vanguard Group is dedicated to providing uninterrupted,
high-quality performance from our computer systems before, during, and after
2000. In July 1998, we completed the renovation and initial testing of our
internal systems. Vanguard is diligently working with external partners,
suppliers, and vendors, including fund managers and other service providers, to
assure that the systems with which we interact remain operational at all times.
In addition to taking every reasonable step to secure our internal
systems and external relationships, Vanguard is further developing contingency
plans intended to assure that unexpected systems failures will not adversely
affect the Fund's operations. Vanguard intends to monitor these processes
through the rollover of 1999 into 2000 and to implement quickly alternate
solutions if necessary.
However, despite Vanguard's efforts and contingency plans, noncompliant
computer systems could have a material adverse effect on the Fund's business,
operations, or financial condition. Additionally, the Fund's performance could
be hurt if a computer-system failure at a company or governmental unit affects
the price of securities the Fund owns.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
DISTRIBUTIONS
As a shareholder, you are entitled to your share of the fund's income from
interest and dividends, and gains from the sale of investments. You receive such
earnings as either an income dividend or a capital gains distribution. Income
dividends come from both the dividends that the fund earns from its holdings and
the interest it receives from its money market and bond investments. Capital
gains are realized whenever the fund sells securities for higher prices than it
paid for them. The capital gains are either short-term or long-term depending on
whether the fund held the securities for less than or more than one year.
DIVIDENDS, CAPITAL GAINS, AND TAXES
Each December, the Fund distributes to shareholders virtually all of its income
from interest and dividends, as well as any capital gains realized from the sale
of its holdings. In addition, the Fund may occasionally be required to make
supplemental dividend or capital gains distributions at some other time during
the year. You can receive distributions of income or capital gains in cash, or
you can have them automatically invested in more shares of the Fund. In either
case, these distributions may be taxable to you. It is important to note that
distributions of dividends and capital gains that are declared in December--if
paid to you by the end of January--are taxed as if they had been paid to you in
December.
Vanguard will send you a statement each year showing the tax status of
all your distributions. If you have chosen to receive dividend and/or capital
gains distributions in cash, and the postal or other delivery service is unable
to deliver checks to your address of record, we will change the distribution
option so that all dividends and other distributions are automatically invested
in additional shares. We will not pay interest on uncashed distribution checks.
- - The dividends and short-term capital gains that you receive are considered
ordinary income for tax purposes.
- - Any distributions of net long-term capital gains by the Fund are usually
taxable to you as long-term capital gains, no matter how long you've owned
shares in the Fund.
- - Although the Fund does not seek to realize any particular amount of capital
gains during a year, such gains are realized from time to time as
by-products of its ordinary investment activities. Consequently,
distributions may vary considerably from year to year.
<PAGE> 13
9
- - If you sell or exchange shares, any gain or loss you have is a taxable
event. This means that you may have a capital gain to report as income, or
a capital loss to report as a deduction, when you complete your federal
income tax return.
- - Distributions of dividends or capital gains, and capital gains or losses
from your sale or exchange of Fund shares, may be subject to state and
local income taxes as well.
The tax information in this prospectus is provided as general information
and will not apply to you if you are investing through a tax-deferred account
such as an IRA or a qualified employee benefit plan. You should consult your tax
adviser about the tax consequences of an investment in the Fund.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
"BUYING A DIVIDEND"
Unless you are investing through a tax-deferred retirement account (such as an
IRA), it is not to your advantage to buy shares of a fund shortly before it
makes a distribution, because doing so can cost you money in taxes. This is
known as "buying a dividend." For example: on December 15, you invest $5,000,
buying 250 shares for $20 each. If the fund pays a distribution of $1 per share
on December 16, its share price would drop to $19 (not counting market change).
You still have only $5,000 (250 shares x $19 = $4,750 in share value, plus 250
shares x $1 = $250 in distributions), but you owe tax on the $250 distribution
you received--even if you reinvest it in more shares. To avoid "buying a
dividend," check a fund's distribution schedule before you invest.
SHARE PRICE
The Fund's share price, called its net asset value, or NAV, is calculated each
business day after the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (the NAV
is not calculated on holidays or other days the Exchange is closed). Net asset
value per share is computed by adding up the total value of the Fund's
investments and other assets, subtracting any of its liabilities (debts), and
then dividing by the number of Fund shares outstanding:
TOTAL ASSETS - LIABILITIES
NET ASSET VALUE = ------------------------------
NUMBER OF SHARES OUTSTANDING
Knowing the daily net asset value is useful to you as a shareholder
because it indicates the current value of your investment. The Fund's NAV,
multiplied by the number of shares you own, gives you the dollar amount you
would have received had you sold all of your shares back to the Fund that day.
A NOTE ON PRICING: The Fund's investments will be priced at their
market value when market quotations are readily available. When these quotations
are not readily available, investments will be priced at their fair value,
calculated according to procedures adopted by the Fund's Board of Trustees.
The Fund's share price can be found daily in the mutual fund listings
of most major newspapers under the heading "Vanguard Funds." Different
newspapers use different abbreviations of the Fund's name, but the most common
is USGRO.
<PAGE> 14
10
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
HOW TO READ THE FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS TABLE
The Fund began fiscal 1998 with a net asset value (price) of $27.74 per share.
During the year, the Fund earned $ X per share from investment income (interest
and dividends) and $ X per share from investments that had appreciated in value
or that were sold for higher prices than the Fund paid for them.
Of those total earnings of $ X per share, $ X per share was returned to
shareholders in the form of dividend and capital gains distributions.
The earnings ($ X per share) minus the distributions ($ X per share)
resulted in a share price of $ X at the end of the year. This was an increase of
$ X per share (from $27.74 at the beginning of the year to $ X at the end of the
year). For a shareholder who reinvested the distributions in the purchase of
more shares, the total return from the Fund was X % for the year.
As of August 31, 1998, the Fund had $ X billion in net assets; an
expense ratio of X % ($ X per $1,000 of net assets); and net investment income
amounting to X % of its average net assets. It sold and replaced securities
valued at X % of its net assets.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The following financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the
Fund's financial performance for the past five years, and reflects financial
results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the table represent the
rate that an investor would have earned each year on an investment in the Fund
(assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). This information has
been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent accountants, whose
report--along with the Fund's financial statements--is included in the Fund's
most recent annual report to shareholders. You may have the annual report sent
to you without charge by contacting Vanguard.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. GROWTH PORTFOLIO
YEAR ENDED AUGUST 31,
-------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996 1995 1994
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
NET ASSET VALUE, BEGINNING OF YEAR X $ 22.62 $ 18.83 $ 15.52 $ 14.71
------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
INVESTMENT OPERATIONS
Net Investment Income X .27 .26 .25 .20
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)
on Investments X 6.73 4.39 3.24 .82
------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Total from Investment Operations X 7.00 4.65 3.49 1.02
------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
DISTRIBUTIONS
Dividends from Net Investment Income X (.26) (.29) (.18) (.21)
Distributions from Realized Capital Gains X (1.62) (.57) -- --
Total Distributions X (1.88) (.86) (.18) (.21)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET ASSET VALUE, END OF YEAR X $ 27.74 $ 22.62 $ 18.83 $ 15.52
================================================================================================================
TOTAL RETURN X 32.50% 25.28% 22.75% 6.98%
================================================================================================================
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
Net Assets, End of Year (Millions) X $ 7,445 $ 4,544 $ 2,989 $ 1,963
Ratio of Total Expenses to
Average Net Assets X 0.42% 0.43% 0.47% 0.52%
Ratio of Net Investment Income to
Average Net Assets X 1.13% 1.32% 1.59% 1.30%
Turnover Rate X 35% 44% 32% 47%
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
From time to time, the Vanguard funds advertise yield and total return
figures. Yield is a measure of past dividend income. Total return includes both
past dividend income (assuming that it has been reinvested) plus realized and
unrealized capital appreciation (or depreciation). Neither yield nor total
return should be used to predict the future performance of a fund.
"Standard & Poor's(R)," "S&P(R)," "S&P 500(R)," "Standard & Poor's 500," and
"500" are trademarks of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
<PAGE> 15
11
INVESTING WITH VANGUARD
Are you looking for the most convenient way to open or add money to a Vanguard
account? Obtain instant access to fund information? Establish an account for a
minor child or for your retirement savings?
Vanguard can help. Our goal is to make it easy and pleasant for you to
do business with us.
The following sections of the prospectus briefly explain the many
services we offer. Booklets providing detailed information are available on the
services marked with a [BOOK GRAPHIC]. Please call us to request copies.
SERVICES AND ACCOUNT FEATURES
Vanguard offers many services that make it convenient to buy, sell, or exchange
shares, or to obtain fund or account information.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TELEPHONE REDEMPTIONS (SALES AND EXCHANGES)
Automatically set up for this Fund unless you notify us otherwise.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VANGUARD DIRECT DEPOSIT SERVICE(TM)[BOOK GRAPHIC]
Automatic method for depositing your paycheck or U.S. government payment
(including Social Security and government pension checks) into your account.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VANGUARD AUTOMATIC EXCHANGE SERVICE(TM)[BOOK GRAPHIC]
Automatic method for moving a fixed amount of money from one Vanguard fund
account to another.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VANGUARD FUND EXPRESS(R) [BOOK GRAPHIC]
Electronic method for buying or selling shares. You can transfer money between
your Vanguard fund account and an account at your bank, savings and loan, or
credit union on a systematic schedule or whenever you wish.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VANGUARD DIVIDEND EXPRESS(TM) [BOOK GRAPHIC]
Electronic method for transferring dividend and/or capital gains distributions
directly from your Vanguard fund account to your bank, savings and loan, or
credit union account.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VANGUARD TELE-ACCOUNT(R) 1-800-662-6273 [BOOK GRAPHIC]
Toll-free 24-hour access to Vanguard fund and account information--as well as
some transactions--by using any touch-tone phone. Tele-Account provides total
return, share price, price change, and yield quotations for all Vanguard funds;
gives your account balances and history (e.g., last transaction, latest dividend
distribution); and allows you to sell or exchange fund shares.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ACCESS VANGUARD(R) www.vanguard.com [COMPUTER GRAPHIC]
You can use your personal computer to perform certain transactions for most
Vanguard funds by accessing our website. To establish this service, you must
register through the website. We will then send to you, by mail, an account
access password that allows you to process the following financial and
administrative transactions online:
- - open a new account*
- - buy, sell or exchange shares of most funds
- - change your name/address
- - add/change fund options (including dividend options, Vanguard Fund
Express(R), bank instructions, checkwriting, and Vanguard Automatic
Exchange Service(TM))
*Only current Vanguard shareholders can open a new account online, by exchanging
shares from other existing Vanguard accounts.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVESTOR INFORMATION DEPARTMENT: 1-800-662-7447 (SHIP) TEXT TELEPHONE:
1-800-952-3335
Call Vanguard for information on our funds, fund services, and retirement
accounts, and to request literature.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CLIENT SERVICES DEPARTMENT:1-800-662-2739 (CREW) TEXT TELEPHONE: 1-800-662-2738
Call Vanguard for information on your account, account transactions, and account
statements.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SERVICES FOR CLIENTS OF VANGUARD'S INSTITUTIONAL DIVISION: 1-888-809-8102
Vanguard's Institutional Division offers a variety of specialized services for
large institutional investors, including the ability to effect account
transactions through private electronic networks and third-party recordkeepers.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE> 16
12
TYPES OF ACCOUNTS
Individuals and institutions can establish a variety of accounts with Vanguard.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOR ONE OR MORE PEOPLE
Open an account in the name of one (individual) or more (joint tenants) people.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOR HOLDING PERSONAL TRUST ASSETS [BOOK GRAPHIC]
Invest assets held in an existing personal trust.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOR INDIVIDUAL RETIREMENT ACCOUNTS [BOOK GRAPHIC]
Open a traditional IRA account or a Roth IRA account. Eligibility and other
requirements are established by federal law and Vanguard custodial account
agreements. For more information, please call 1-800-662-7447 (SHIP).
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOR AN ORGANIZATION [BOOK GRAPHIC]
Open an account as a corporation, partnership, endowment, foundation, or other
entity.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOR THIRD-PARTY TRUSTEE RETIREMENT INVESTMENTS
Open an account as a retirement trust or plan based on an existing corporate or
institutional plan. These accounts are established by the trustee of the
existing plan.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VANGUARD PROTOTYPE PLANS
Open a variety of retirement accounts using Vanguard prototype plans for
individuals, sole proprietorships, and small businesses. For more information,
please call 1-800-662-2003.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BUYING SHARES
You buy your shares at the Fund's next-determined net asset value after Vanguard
or its appointed agent receives your request. As long as your request is
received before the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange, generally 4
p.m. Eastern time, you will buy your shares at that day's net asset value.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MINIMUM INVESTMENT TO ...
open a new account
$3,000 (regular account); $1,000 (Traditional IRAs and Roth IRAs).
add to an existing account
$100 by mail or exchange; $1,000 by wire.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A NOTE ON LOW BALANCES
The Fund reserves the right to close any nonretirement account whose balance
falls below the minimum initial investment. The Fund will deduct a $10 annual
fee in June if your nonretirement account balance falls below $2,500. The fee is
waived if your total Vanguard account assets are $50,000 or more.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BY MAIL TO . . . [ENVELOPE GRAPHIC]
open a new account
Complete and sign the application form and enclose your check.
add to an existing account
Mail your check with an Invest-By-Mail form detached from your confirmation
statement to the address listed on the form.
Make your check payable to: The Vanguard Group-23
All purchases must be made in U.S. dollars, and checks must be drawn on U.S.
banks.
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 2600 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
<PAGE> 17
13
For clients of Vanguard's Institutional Division . . .
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 2900 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2900 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IMPORTANT NOTE: To prevent check fraud, Vanguard will not accept checks made
payable to third parties.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BY TELEPHONE TO . . . [TELEPHONE GRAPHIC]
open a new account
Call Vanguard Tele-Account* 24 hours a day--or Client Services during business
hours--to exchange from another Vanguard fund account with the same registration
(name, address, taxpayer I.D., and account type).
add to an existing account
Call Vanguard Tele-Account* 24 hours a day--or Client Services during business
hours--to exchange from another Vanguard fund account with the same registration
(name, address, taxpayer I.D., and account type). Use Vanguard Fund Express (see
"Services and Account Features") to transfer assets from your bank account. Call
Client Services before your first use to verify that this option is in place.
Vanguard Tele-Account Client Services
1-800-662-6273 1-800-662-2739
*You must obtain a Personal Identification Number through Tele-Account at least
seven days before you request your first exchange.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IMPORTANT NOTE: Once you've requested a telephone transaction and a confirmation
number has been assigned, the transaction cannot be revoked. We reserve the
right to refuse any purchase request.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BY WIRE TO OPEN A NEW ACCOUNT OR ADD TO AN EXISTING ACCOUNT [WIRE GRAPHIC]
Call Client Services to arrange your wire transaction. Wire transactions are not
available for retirement accounts, except for asset transfers and direct
rollovers.
Wire to:
FRB ABA 021001088
Marine Midland Bank, New York
For credit to:
Account: 000112046
Vanguard Incoming Wire Account
In favor of:
Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund--23
[Account number, or temporary number for a new account]
[Registered account owner]
[Registered address]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You can redeem (that is, sell or exchange) shares purchased by check or
Vanguard Fund Express at any time. However, while your redemption request will
be processed at the next-determined net asset value after it is received, your
redemption proceeds will not be available until payment for your purchase is
collected, which may take up to ten calendar days.
Keep in mind that if you buy or sell Fund shares through a registered
broker/dealer or investment adviser, the broker/dealer or adviser may charge you
a service fee.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A NOTE ON LARGE PURCHASES
It is important that you call Vanguard before you invest a large dollar amount.
We must consider the interests of all Fund shareholders and so reserve the right
to refuse any purchase that will disrupt the Fund's operation or performance.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE> 18
14
REDEEMING SHARES
The ability to redeem (that is, sell or exchange) Fund shares by telephone is
automatically established for your account, unless you instruct us otherwise in
writing. While telephone redemption is easy and convenient, this account feature
involves a risk of loss from unauthorized or fraudulent transactions. Vanguard
will take reasonable precautions to protect your account from fraud. You should
do the same by keeping your account information private and immediately
reviewing any account statements that we send to you. Make sure to contact
Vanguard immediately about any transaction you believe to be unauthorized.
We reserve the right to refuse a telephone redemption if the caller is
unable to provide:
[CHECK BOX] The ten-digit account number.
[CHECK BOX] The name and address exactly as registered on the account.
[CHECK BOX] The primary Social Security or employer identification number
as registered on the account.
Please note that Vanguard will not be responsible for any account losses
due to telephone fraud, so long as we have taken reasonable steps to verify the
caller's identity. If you wish to remove the telephone redemption feature from
your account, please notify us in writing.
HOW TO SELL SHARES
You can withdraw any part of your account, at any time, by selling shares. Sale
proceeds are normally mailed within two business days after Vanguard receives
your request. Proceeds of wire redemptions are sent to your bank one business
day after Vanguard or its appointed agent receives your request. The sale price
of your shares will be the Fund's next-determined net asset value after Vanguard
receives all required documents in good order.
Good order means that the request includes:
[CHECK BOX] Fund name and account number.
[CHECK BOX] Amount of the transaction (in dollars or shares).
[CHECK BOX] Signatures of all owners exactly as registered on the account.
[CHECK BOX] Signature guarantees (if required).
[CHECK BOX] Any supporting legal documentation that may be required.
[CHECK BOX] Any certificates you are holding for the account.
Sale or exchange requests received after the close of trading on the
Exchange are processed at the next business day's net asset value. No interest
will accrue on amounts represented by uncashed redemption checks. The Fund will
not cancel any trade (e.g., purchase, redemption, or exchange) believed to be
authentic, once the trade request has been received in writing or by telephone
with a confirmation number assigned.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: Some written requests (such as those requesting that redemptions be paid
to a different payee or address than that of the account owner) require a
signature guarantee from a bank, broker, or other acceptable financial
institution. A notary public cannot provide a signature guarantee.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HOW TO EXCHANGE SHARES
An exchange is the selling of shares of one Vanguard fund to purchase shares of
another. Although we make every effort to maintain the exchange privilege,
Vanguard reserves the right to revise or terminate the exchange privilege, limit
the amount of an exchange, or reject any exchange, at any time, without notice.
Because excessive exchanges can disrupt the management of the Fund and
increase transaction costs, Vanguard limits exchange activity to TWO SUBSTANTIVE
EXCHANGE REDEMPTIONS (at least 30 days apart) from the Fund during any 12-month
period. "Substantive" means either a dollar amount or a series of movements
between Vanguard funds that Vanguard determines, in its sole discretion, could
adversely affect the management of the Fund.
Before you exchange into a new Vanguard fund, be sure to read its
prospectus.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SELLING OR EXCHANGING SHARES BY MAIL [ENVELOPE GRAPHIC]
All Account Types Except Retirement:
Send a letter of instruction signed by all registered account holders. Include
the fund name and account number and (if you are selling) a dollar amount or
number of shares OR (if you are exchanging) the name of the fund you want to
exchange into and a dollar amount or number of shares. To exchange into an
account with a different registration (including a different name, address, or
taxpayer identification number), you must provide Vanguard with written
instructions that include the guaranteed signatures of all current account
owners.
<PAGE> 19
15
Vanguard Retirement Accounts:
For information on how to request distributions from:
- - Traditional IRAs and Roth IRAs--call Client Services.
- - SEP-IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs, 403(b)(7) custodial accounts, and Profit-Sharing and
Money Purchase Pension (Keogh) Plans--call Individual Retirement Plans at
1-800-662-2003.
Depending on your account registration type, additional documentation may be
required.
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 2600 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
For clients of Vanguard's Institutional Division . . .
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 2900 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2900 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SELLING OR EXCHANGING SHARES BY TELEPHONE [GRAPHIC OF TELEPHONE]
All Account Types Except Retirement:
Call Vanguard Tele-Account* 24 hours a day--or Client Services during business
hours--to sell or exchange shares. You can exchange shares from this Fund to
open an account in another Vanguard fund or to add to an existing Vanguard fund
account with an identical registration.
Retirement Accounts:
You can exchange--but not sell--shares by calling Tele-Account or Client
Services.
Vanguard Tele-Account Client Services
1-800-662-6273 1-800-662-2739
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A NOTE ON UNUSUAL CIRCUMSTANCES
Vanguard reserves the right to revise or terminate the telephone redemption
privilege at any time, without notice. In addition, Vanguard can stop selling
shares or postpone payment at times when the New York Stock Exchange is closed
or under any emergency circumstances as determined by the U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission. If you experience difficulty making a telephone redemption
during periods of drastic economic or market change, you can send us your
request by regular or express mail. Follow the instructions on selling or
exchanging shares by mail in this section.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SELLING OR EXCHANGING SHARES ONLINE [GRAPHIC OF COMPUTER]
ACCESS VANGUARD www.vanguard.com
You can use your personal computer to sell or exchange shares of most Vanguard
funds by accessing our website. To establish this service, you must register
through the website. We will then send you, by mail, an account access password
that will enable you to sell or exchange shares online (as well as perform other
transactions).
NOTE: The Vanguard funds whose shares you cannot exchange online or by
telephone are VANGUARD U.S. STOCK INDEX FUNDS, VANGUARD BALANCED INDEX FUND,
VANGUARD INTERNATIONAL STOCK INDEX FUNDS, VANGUARD REIT INDEX FUND, AND VANGUARD
GROWTH AND INCOME FUND. If you sell shares of these funds online, you will
receive a redemption check at your address of record. These funds do, however,
permit online and telephone exchanges within IRAs and other retirement accounts.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A NOTE ON LARGE REDEMPTIONS
It is important that you call Vanguard before you redeem a large dollar amount.
We must consider the interests of all Fund shareholders and so reserve the right
to delay delivery of your redemption proceeds--up to seven days--if the amount
will disrupt the Fund's operation or performance.
If a shareholder redeems more than $250,000 worth of Fund shares within
any 90-day period, the Fund reserves the right to pay part or all of the
redemption proceeds above $250,000 in kind, i.e., in securities, rather than in
cash. If payment is made in kind, the shareholder may incur brokerage
commissions if the shareholder elects to sell the securities for cash.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE> 20
16
TRANSFERRING REGISTRATION
You can transfer the registration of your Fund shares to another owner by
completing a transfer form and sending it to Vanguard.
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 1110 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-1110 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
For clients of Vanguard's Institutional Division . . .
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 2900 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2900 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FUND AND ACCOUNT UPDATES
STATEMENTS AND REPORTS
We will send you clear, concise account and tax statements to help you keep
track of your Fund account throughout the year as well as when you are preparing
your income tax returns.
In addition, you will receive financial reports about the Fund twice a
year. These comprehensive reports include an assessment of the Fund's
performance (and a comparison to its industry benchmark), an overview of the
markets, a report from the advisers, a listing of the Fund's holdings, and other
financial statements.
To keep the Fund's costs as low as possible (so that you and other
shareholders can keep more of the Fund's investment earnings), Vanguard attempts
to eliminate duplicate mailings to the same address. When we find that two or
more Fund shareholders have the same last name and address, we send just one
Fund report to that address--instead of mailing separate reports to each
shareholder. If you want us to send separate reports, however, you may notify
our Investor Information Department at 1-800-662-7447.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONFIRMATION STATEMENT
Sent each time you buy, sell, or exchange shares; confirms the trade date and
the amount of your transaction.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PORTFOLIO SUMMARY [BOOK GRAPHIC]
Mailed quarterly for most accounts; shows the market value of your account at
the close of the statement period, as well as distributions, purchases, sales,
and exchanges for the current calendar year.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FUND FINANCIAL REPORTS
Mailed in October and April for this Fund.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TAX STATEMENTS
Generally mailed in January; report previous year's dividend distributions,
proceeds from the sale of shares, and distributions from IRAs or other
retirement accounts.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AVERAGE COST REVIEW STATEMENT
Issued quarterly for most taxable accounts (accompanies your Portfolio Summary);
shows the average cost of shares that you redeemed during the calendar year,
using the average cost single category method.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE> 21
GLOSSARY OF INVESTMENT TERMS
CAPITAL GAINS DISTRIBUTION
Payment to mutual fund shareholders of gains realized during the year on
securities that the fund has sold at a profit, minus any realized losses.
CASH RESERVES
Cash deposits as well as short-term bank deposits, money market instruments,
U.S. Treasury bills, bank certificates of deposit (CDs), repurchase agreements,
commercial paper, and banker's acceptances.
COMMON STOCK
A security representing ownership rights in a corporation. A stockholder is
entitled to share in the company's profits, some of which may be paid out as
dividends.
DIVIDEND INCOME
Payment to shareholders of income from interest or dividends generated by a
fund's investments.
EXPENSE RATIO
The percentage of a fund's average net assets used to pay its expenses. The
expense ratio includes management fees, administrative fees, and any 12b-1
distribution fees.
FIXED-INCOME SECURITIES
Investments, such as bonds, that have a fixed payment schedule. While the level
of income offered by these securities is predetermined, their prices may
fluctuate.
FUND DIVERSIFICATION
Holding a variety of securities so that a fund's return is not badly hurt by the
poor performance of a single security or industry.
GROWTH STOCK FUND
A mutual fund that emphasizes stocks of companies believed to have above-average
prospects for growth. Reflecting market expectations for superior growth, the
prices of growth stocks often are relatively high in comparison to revenue,
earnings, book value, and dividends.
INVESTMENT ADVISER
An organization that makes the day-to-day decisions regarding a fund's
investments.
MUTUAL FUND
An investment company that pools the money of many people and invests it in a
variety of securities in an effort to achieve a specific objective over time.
NET ASSET VALUE (NAV)
The market value of a mutual fund's total assets, minus liabilities, divided by
the number of shares outstanding. The value of a single share is called its
share value or share price.
PRICE/EARNINGS (P/E) RATIO
The current share price of a stock, divided by its per-share earnings (profits)
from the past year. A stock selling for $20, with earnings of $2 per share, has
a price/earnings ratio of 10.
PRINCIPAL
The amount of your own money you put into an investment.
SECURITIES
Stocks, bonds, and other investment vehicles.
TOTAL RETURN
A percentage change, over a specified time period, in a mutual fund's net asset
value, with the ending net asset value adjusted to account for the reinvestment
of all distributions of dividends and capital gains.
VALUE STOCK FUND
A mutual fund that emphasizes stocks of companies whose growth prospects are
generally regarded as subpar by the market. Reflecting these market
expectations, the prices of value stocks typically are below-average in
comparison to such factors as revenue, earnings, book value, and dividends.
VOLATILITY
The fluctuations in value of a mutual fund or other security. The greater a
fund's volatility, the wider the fluctuations between its high and low prices.
YIELD
Income (interest or dividends) earned by an investment, expressed as a
percentage of the investment's price.
<PAGE> 22
[THE VANGUARD GROUP LOGO]
Post Office Box 2600
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600
FOR MORE INFORMATION
If you'd like more information about Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund, the following
documents are available free upon request:
ANNUAL/SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO SHAREHOLDERS
Additional information about the Fund's investments is available in the Fund's
annual and semiannual reports to shareholders. In these reports, you will find a
discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly
affected the Fund's performance during its most recent fiscal year.
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (SAI)
The SAI provides more detailed information about the Fund.
The current annual and semiannual reports and the SAI are incorporated by
reference into (and are thus legally a part of) this prospectus.
To receive a free copy of the latest annual or semiannual report or the SAI, or
to request additional information about the Fund or other Vanguard funds, please
contact us as follows:
THE VANGUARD GROUP
INVESTOR INFORMATION DEPARTMENT
P.O. BOX 2600
VALLEY FORGE, PA 19482-2600
TELEPHONE:
1-800-662-7447 (SHIP)
TEXT TELEPHONE:
1-800-952-3335
WORLD WIDE WEB
www.vanguard.com
E-Mail:
[email protected]
If you are a current Fund shareholder and would like information about your
account, account transactions, and/or account statements, please call:
CLIENT SERVICES DEPARTMENT TELEPHONE:
1-800-662-2739 (CREW)
TEXT TELEPHONE:
1-800-662-2738
INFORMATION PROVIDED BY THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (SEC) You can
review and copy information about the Fund (including the SAI) at the SEC's
Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. To find out more about this public
service, call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Reports and other information about the
Fund are also available on the SEC's website (www.sec.gov), or you can receive
copies of this information, for a fee, by writing the Public Reference Section,
Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, DC 20549-6009.
Fund's Investment Company Act
file number: 811-1027
(C) 1998 Vanguard Marketing Corporation, Distributor. All rights reserved.
P023N-12/29/1998
<PAGE> 23
VANGUARD
U.S. GROWTH FUND
Participant Prospectus
December 29, 1998
This prospectus contains
financial data for the
Fund through the
fiscal year ended
August 31, 1998.
[THE VANGUARD GROUP SHIP LOGO]
<PAGE> 24
VANGUARD U.S. GROWTH FUND
A Growth Stock Mutual Fund
CONTENTS
1 FUND PROFILE
3 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
3 A WORD ABOUT RISK
3 WHO SHOULD INVEST
4 PRIMARY INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
6 THE FUND AND VANGUARD
7 INVESTMENT ADVISER
8 YEAR 2000 CHALLENGE
8 DIVIDENDS, CAPITAL GAINS, AND TAXES
8 SHARE PRICE
9 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
10 INVESTING WITH VANGUARD
10 ACCESSING FUND INFORMATION BY COMPUTER
GLOSSARY (inside back cover)
WHY READING THIS PROSPECTUS IS IMPORTANT
This prospectus explains the objective, risks, and strategies of Vanguard U.S.
Growth Fund. To highlight terms and concepts important to mutual fund investors,
we have provided "Plain Talk(R)" explanations along the way. Reading the
prospectus will help you to decide whether the Fund is the right investment for
you. We suggest that you keep it for future reference.
IMPORTANT NOTE
This prospectus is intended for participants in employer-sponsored retirement or
savings plans. Another version -- for investors who would like to open a
personal investment account -- can be obtained by calling Vanguard at
1-800-662-7447.
NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE SECURITIES OR PASSED UPON THE
ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
<PAGE> 25
FUND PROFILE
The following profile summarizes key features of Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
The Fund is a stock fund that seeks to provide long-term capital growth.
INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
The Fund invests in large-capitalization stocks of high-quality, seasoned U.S.
companies with records of superior growth. The Fund chooses companies with
strong positions in their markets, reasonable financial strength, and low
sensitivity to changing economic conditions.
PRIMARY RISKS
THE FUND'S TOTAL RETURN, LIKE STOCK PRICES GENERALLY, WILL FLUCTUATE WITHIN A
WIDE RANGE, SO AN INVESTOR COULD LOSE MONEY OVER SHORT OR EVEN EXTENDED PERIODS.
The Fund is also subject to:
- - Investment style risk, which is the chance that returns from
large-capitalization growth stocks will trail returns from other asset
classes or the overall stock market.
- - Concentration risk, which is the chance that the Fund's performance may be
hurt disproportionately by the poor performance of relatively few stocks.
- - Manager risk, which is the chance that poor security selection will cause
the Fund to underperform other funds with similar investment objectives.
AN INVESTMENT IN THE FUND IS NOT INSURED OR GUARANTEED BY THE FEDERAL
DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION OR ANY OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCY. AS WITH ANY
INVESTMENT IN COMMON STOCKS, WHICH ARE SUBJECT TO WIDE FLUCTUATIONS IN MARKET
VALUE, YOU COULD LOSE MONEY BY INVESTING IN THE FUND.
PERFORMANCE/RISK INFORMATION
The bar chart and table below provide an indication of the risk of investing in
Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund. The bar chart shows the Fund's performance in each
calendar year over a ten-year period. The table shows how the Fund's average
annual returns for one, five, and ten calendar years compare to those of a
broad-based securities market index. Keep in mind that the Fund's past
performance does not indicate how it will perform in the future.
ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS
[Include Fund's year-to-date return information as of the end of the most
recent quarter.]
During the period shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a calendar
quarter was X % (quarter ending _____________ ) and the lowest return for a
quarter was - X % (quarter ending _____________ ).
1
<PAGE> 26
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
THE COSTS OF INVESTING
Costs are an important consideration in choosing a mutual fund. That's because
you, as a shareholder, pay the costs of operating a fund, plus any transaction
costs associated with the fund's buying and selling of securities. These costs
can erode a substantial portion of the gross income or capital appreciation a
fund achieves. Even seemingly small differences in expenses can, over time, have
a dramatic effect on a fund's performance.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
FUND EXPENSES
All mutual funds have operating expenses. These expenses, which are deducted
from a fund's gross income, are expressed as a percentage of the net assets of
the fund. Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund's expense ratio in fiscal year 1998 was X %,
or $ X per $1,000 of average net assets. The average growth equity mutual fund
had expenses in 1998 of X %, or $ X per $1,000 of average net assets, according
to Lipper Analytical Services, which reports on the mutual fund industry.
AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS FOR YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997
1 YEAR 5 YEARS 10 YEARS
Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund X % X % X %
S&P 500 Index X X X
FEES AND EXPENSES
The following tables describe the fees and expenses you would pay if you buy and
hold shares of the Fund.
SHAREHOLDER FEES (fees paid directly from your investment)
Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases: None
Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Reinvested Dividends: None
Redemption Fees: None
Exchange Fees: None
The expenses shown in the following table are based upon those incurred in
the fiscal year ended August 31, 1998.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (expenses deducted from the Fund's assets)
Management and Administrative Expenses: X %
Investment Advisory Expenses: X %
12b-1 Distribution Fees: None
Other Expenses (Marketing, Taxes, Auditing, etc.): X %
TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES (EXPENSE RATIO): X %
The following example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing
in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. It illustrates the
hypothetical expenses that you would incur over various periods if you invest
$10,000 in the Fund. This example assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5%
a year, and that operating expenses remain the same. The results apply whether
or not you redeem your investment at the end of each period.
1 YEAR 3 YEARS 5 YEARS 10 YEARS
$ X $ X $ X $ X
THIS EXAMPLE SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED TO REPRESENT ACTUAL EXPENSES OR
PERFORMANCE FROM THE PAST OR FOR THE FUTURE. ACTUAL FUTURE EXPENSES MAY BE
HIGHER OR LOWER THAN THOSE SHOWN.
2
<PAGE> 27
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
DIVIDENDS AND CAPITAL GAINS
Paid annually in December
INVESTMENT ADVISER
Lincoln Capital Management Company, Chicago, Ill., since 19__
INCEPTION DATE
January 6, 1959
NET ASSETS AS OF AUGUST 31, 1998
$ X billion
NEWSPAPER ABBREVIATION
USGro
VANGUARD FUND NUMBER
023
CUSIP NUMBER
921910105
TICKER SYMBOL
VWUSX
A WORD ABOUT RISK
This prospectus describes the risks you would face as an investor in Vanguard
U.S. Growth Fund. It is important to keep in mind one of the main axioms of
investing: The higher the risk of losing money, the higher the potential reward.
The reverse, also, is generally true: The lower the risk, the lower the
potential reward. As you consider an investment in Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund,
you should also take into account your personal tolerance for the daily
fluctuations of the stock market.
Look for this [flag art] symbol throughout the prospectus. It is used to
mark detailed information about each type of risk that you would confront as a
shareholder of the Fund.
WHO SHOULD INVEST
The Fund may be a suitable investment for you if:
- - You wish to add a growth stock fund to your existing holdings, which could
include other stock investments as well as bond, money market, and
tax-exempt investments.
- - You are seeking growth of capital over the long term -- at least five years.
- - You are not looking for current income.
- - You characterize your investment temperament as "relatively aggressive."
- - You are seeking a fund that emphasizes companies with established records of
growth.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
COSTS AND MARKET-TIMING
Some investors try to profit from market-timing -- switching money into
investments when they expect prices to rise, and taking money out when they
expect the market to fall. As money is shifted in and out, a fund incurs
expenses for buying and selling securities. These costs are borne by all fund
shareholders, including the long-term investors who do not generate the costs.
Therefore, the Fund discourages short-term trading by, among other things,
limiting the number of exchanges it permits.
THE VANGUARD FUNDS DO NOT PERMIT MARKET TIMING. DO NOT INVEST IN THIS FUND IF
YOU ARE A MARKET-TIMER.
3
<PAGE> 28
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
GROWTH FUNDS AND VALUE FUNDS
Growth investing and value investing are two styles employed by stock fund
managers. Growth funds generally focus on companies believed to have
above-average potential for growth in revenue and earnings. Reflecting the
market's high expectations for superior growth, the prices of such stocks are
typically above-average in relation to such measures as revenue, earnings, book
value, and dividends. Value funds generally emphasize stocks of companies from
which the market does not expect strong growth. The prices of value stocks
typically are below-average in comparison to such factors as earnings and book
value, and these stocks typically pay above-average dividend yields. Growth and
value stocks have, in the past, produced similar long-term returns, though each
category has periods when it outperforms the other. In general, growth funds
appeal to investors who will accept more volatility in hopes of a greater
increase in share price. Growth funds also may appeal to investors with taxable
accounts who want a higher proportion of returns to come as capital gains (which
may be taxed at lower rates than dividend income). Value funds, by contrast, are
appropriate for investors who want some dividend income and the potential for
capital gains, but are less tolerant of share-price fluctuations.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
LARGE-CAP, MID-CAP, AND SMALL-CAP STOCKS
Stocks of publicly traded companies -- and mutual funds that hold these stocks
- -- can be classified by the companies' market value, or capitalization. Vanguard
defines large-capitalization (large-cap) funds as those holding stocks of
companies whose outstanding shares have a market value exceeding $7.5 billion.
Mid-cap funds hold stocks of companies with a market value between $1 billion
and $7.5 billion. Small-cap funds hold stocks of companies with a market value
of less than $1 billion.
The Fund has adopted the following policies, among others, to discourage
short-term trading:
- - The Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase request -- including
exchanges from other Vanguard funds -- that it regards as disruptive to the
efficient management of the Fund. This could be because of the timing of the
investment or because of a history of excessive trading by the investor.
- - There is a limit on the number of times you can exchange into or out of the
Fund (see "Exchanges" in the INVESTING WITH VANGUARD section).
- - The Fund reserves the right to stop offering shares at any time.
PRIMARY INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
This section explains the strategies that the investment adviser uses in pursuit
of the Fund's objective, long-term growth in capital. It also explains how the
adviser implements these strategies. In addition, this section discusses several
important risks -- market risk, investment style risk, concentration risk, and
manager risk -- faced by investors in the Fund. The Fund's Board of Trustees
oversees the management of the Fund, and may change the investment strategies in
the interest of shareholders.
MARKET EXPOSURE
The Fund's primary strategy is to invest chiefly in the common stocks of
large-capitalization companies that offer favorable prospects for capital growth
but that produce little current income. The Fund may also invest in securities
that are convertible to common stocks.
[FLAG] THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO MARKET RISK, WHICH IS THE POSSIBILITY THAT
STOCK PRICES OVERALL WILL DECLINE OVER SHORT OR EVEN LONG PERIODS.
STOCK MARKETS TEND TO MOVE IN CYCLES, WITH PERIODS OF RISING PRICES
AND PERIODS OF FALLING PRICES.
To illustrate the volatility of stock prices, the following table shows the
best, worst, and average total returns for the U.S. stock market over various
periods as measured by the Standard & Poor's 500 Composite Stock Price Index, a
widely used barometer of market activity. (Total
4
<PAGE> 29
returns consist of dividend income plus change in market price.) Note that the
returns shown do not include the costs of buying and selling stocks or other
expenses that a real-world investment portfolio would incur. Note, also, that
the gap between best and worst tends to narrow over the long term.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
FUND DIVERSIFICATION
AND CONCENTRATION
In general, the more diversified a fund's stock holdings, the less likely it is
that a specific stock's poor performance will hurt the fund. One measure of a
fund's diversification is the percentage of its assets represented by its ten
largest holdings. The average U.S. equity mutual fund has about 30% of its
assets concentrated in its ten largest holdings, while some less-diversified
funds have more than 50% of their assets invested in the stocks of just ten
companies.
U.S. STOCK MARKET RETURNS (1926-1997)
1 YEAR 5 YEARS 10 YEARS 20 YEARS
Best 53.9% 23.9% 20.1% 16.9%
Worst -43.3 -12.5 -0.9 3.1
Average 13.0 10.5 10.9 10.9
The table covers all of the 1-, 5-, 10-, and 20-year periods from 1926
through 1997. You can see, for example, that while the average return on stocks
for all of the 5-year periods was 10.5%, returns for individual 5-year periods
ranged from a -12.5% average (from 1928 through 1932) to 23.9% (from 1951
through 1954). These average returns reflect past performance on common stocks;
you should not regard them as an indication of future returns from either the
stock market as a whole or this Fund in particular.
Finally, because Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund's holdings are not identical to
the S&P 500 Index or any other market index, the performance of the Fund will
not mirror the returns of any particular index.
[FLAG] THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO INVESTMENT STYLE RISK, WHICH IS THE
POSSIBILITY THAT RETURNS FROM LARGE CAPITALIZATION GROWTH STOCKS
WILL TRAIL RETURNS FROM OTHER ASSET CLASSES OR THE OVERALL STOCK
MARKET. AS A GROUP, LARGE-CAPITALIZATION GROWTH STOCKS TEND TO GO
THROUGH CYCLES OF DOING BETTER -- OR WORSE -- THAN COMMON STOCKS IN
GENERAL. THESE PERIODS HAVE, IN THE PAST, LASTED FOR AS LONG AS
SEVERAL YEARS.
SECURITY SELECTION
Lincoln Capital Management Company ("Lincoln"), adviser to the Fund, selects
common stocks of large, seasoned U.S. companies that have past records of growth
and, in Lincoln's opinion, have above-average prospects for continued growth and
are selling at attractive prices. Such companies tend to have strong positions
in their markets, reasonable financial strength, and relatively low sensitivity
to changing economic conditions. Lincoln seeks to identify stocks that sell at
attractive prices in relation to their growth potential.
[FLAG] BECAUSE THE FUND INVESTS A HIGHER PERCENTAGE OF ASSETS IN ITS TEN
LARGEST HOLDINGS THAN THE AVERAGE STOCK FUND DOES, THE FUND IS
SUBJECT TO CONCENTRATION RISK, WHICH IS THE POSSIBILITY THAT ITS
PERFORMANCE MAY BE HURT DISPROPORTIONATELY BY THE POOR PERFORMANCE
OF RELATIVELY FEW STOCKS.
As of August 31, 1998, the Fund had invested X% of total net assets in its
top ten holdings.
The Fund is run by Lincoln according to traditional methods of active
investment management. This means that securities are bought and sold according
to Lincoln's judgments about companies and their financial prospects, within the
context of the stock market and the economy in general.
The Fund is generally managed without regard to tax ramifications.
[FLAG] THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO MANAGER RISK, WHICH IS THE POSSIBILITY THAT
THE ADVISER MAY DO A POOR JOB OF SELECTING STOCKS.
5
<PAGE> 30
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
TURNOVER RATE
Before investing in a mutual fund, you should review its turnover rate. This
gives an indication of how transaction costs could affect the fund's future
returns. In general, the greater the volume of buying and selling by the fund,
the greater the impact that brokerage commissions and other transaction costs
will have on its return. (These costs are in addition to those described in the
fee table on page 2.) Also, funds with high turnover rates may be more likely to
generate capital gains that must be distributed to shareholders as income
subject to taxes. The average turnover rate for all domestic stock funds is
approximately 80%.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
DERIVATIVES
A derivative is a financial contract whose value is based on (or "derived" from)
a traditional security (such as a stock or a bond), an asset (such as a
commodity like gold), or a market index (such as the S&P 500 Index). Futures and
options are derivatives that have been trading on regulated exchanges for more
than two decades. These "traditional" derivatives are standardized contracts
that can easily be bought and sold, and whose market values are determined and
published daily. It is these characteristics that differentiate futures and
options from the relatively new types of derivatives. If used for speculation or
as leveraged investments, derivatives can carry considerable risks.
TURNOVER RATE
Although the Fund generally seeks to invest for the long term, it retains the
right to sell securities regardless of how long they have been held. The Fund's
average turnover rate for the past five years has been about X%. (A turnover
rate of 100% would occur, for example, if the Fund sold and replaced securities
valued at 100% of its net assets within a one-year period.)
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES AND RISKS
Besides investing in common stocks of growth companies, the Fund may make
certain other kinds of investments to achieve its objective.
Although the Fund typically does not make significant investments in
securities of companies based outside the United States, it reserves the right
to invest up to 20% of its assets in foreign securities. These securities may be
traded in U.S. or foreign markets. To the extent that it owns foreign stocks,
the Fund is subject to (1) country risk, which is the possibility that political
events (such as a war), financial problems (such as government default), or
natural disasters (such as an earthquake) will weaken a country's economy and
cause investments in that country to lose money; and (2) currency risk, which is
the possibility that Americans investing abroad could lose money because of a
rise in the value of the U.S. dollar versus foreign currencies.
The Fund may also invest, to a limited extent, in stock futures and options
contracts, which are traditional types of derivatives. Losses (or gains)
involving futures and options can sometimes be substantial -- in part because a
relatively small price movement in a contract may result in an immediate and
substantial loss (or gain) for a fund. This Fund will not use futures and
options for speculative purposes or as leveraged investments that magnify the
gains or losses of an investment. The value of all futures and options contracts
in which the Fund acquires an interest cannot exceed 20% of total assets.
The reasons for which the Fund will invest in futures and options are:
- - To keep cash on hand to meet shareholder redemptions or other needs while
simulating full investment in stocks.
- - To reduce the Fund's transaction costs or add value when these instruments
are favorably priced.
The Fund may, from time to time, take temporary defensive measures -- such
as holding cash reserves without limit --that are inconsistent with the Fund's
primary investment strategies, in response to adverse market, economic,
political, or other conditions. In taking such measures, the Fund may not
achieve its investment objective.
THE FUND AND VANGUARD
The Fund is a member of The Vanguard Group, a family of more than X investment
companies with more than distinct investment portfolios holding assets worth
more than $ X billion. All of the Vanguard funds share in the expenses
associated with business operations, such as personnel, office space, equipment,
and advertising.
6
<PAGE> 31
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
VANGUARD'S UNIQUE CORPORATE STRUCTURE
The Vanguard Group is truly a MUTUAL mutual fund company. It is owned jointly by
the funds it oversees and thus indirectly by the shareholders in those funds.
Most other mutual funds are operated by for-profit management companies that may
be owned by one person, by a group of individuals, or by investors who own the
management company's stock. By contrast, Vanguard provides its services on an
"at-cost" basis, and the funds' expense ratios reflect only these costs. No
separate management company reaps profits or absorbs losses from operating the
funds.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
THE FUND'S ADVISER
Lincoln Capital Management Company is an investment advisory firm founded in
1967. As of August 31, 1998, Lincoln managed more than $46 billion in assets. It
provides investment counseling services to a limited number of clients, most of
which are institutional clients such as pension funds. The managers responsible
for overseeing the implementation of Lincoln's strategy for Vanguard U.S. Growth
Fund are:
J. PARKER HALL III, Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director of
Lincoln; has worked in investment management since 1957; with Lincoln since
1971; B.A., Swarthmore College; M.B.A., Harvard Business School.
DAVID M. FOWLER, Executive Vice President and Managing Director of Lincoln;
has worked in investment management since 1972; with Lincoln since 1984; B.S.,
Loyola University; M.B.A., Northwestern University.
Vanguard also provides marketing services to the funds. Although
shareholders do not pay sales commissions or 12b-1 distribution fees, each fund
pays its allocated share of The Vanguard Group's marketing costs.
INVESTMENT ADVISER
The Fund employs Lincoln Capital Management Company, 200 South Wacker Drive,
Chicago, IL 60606, as its investment adviser. Lincoln manages the Fund subject
to the control of the Trustees and officers of the Fund.
Lincoln's advisory fee is paid quarterly. This fee is based on certain
annual percentage rates applied to the Fund's average month-end assets for each
quarter.
For the year ended August 31, 1998, the investment advisory fee paid to
Lincoln was $ X million, which represented an effective annual rate of X % of
the Fund's average net assets.
The Fund has authorized Lincoln to choose brokers or dealers to handle the
purchase and sale of securities for the Fund, and to get the best available
price and most favorable execution from these brokers with respect to all
transactions.
In the interest of obtaining better execution of a transaction, Lincoln may
choose brokers who charge higher commissions. If more than one broker can obtain
the best available price and favorable execution of a transaction, then Lincoln
is authorized to choose a broker who, in addition to executing the transaction,
will provide research services to Lincoln or the Fund. Also, the Fund may direct
Lincoln to use a particular broker for certain transactions in exchange for
commission rebates or research services provided to the Fund. However, Lincoln
will not pay higher commissions specifically for the purpose of obtaining
research services.
The Board of Trustees may, without prior approval from shareholders, change
the terms of the advisory agreement or hire a new investment adviser, either as
a replacement for Lincoln or as an additional adviser. However, no such change
would be made before giving shareholders notice in writing.
7
<PAGE> 32
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
DISTRIBUTIONS
As a shareholder, you are entitled to your share of the fund's income from
interest and dividends, and gains from the sale of investments. You receive such
earnings as either an income dividend or a capital gains distribution. Income
dividends come from both the dividends that the fund earns from its holdings and
interest it receives from its money market and bond investments. Capital gains
are realized whenever the fund sells securities for higher prices than it paid
for them. The capital gains are either short-term or long-term depending on
whether the fund held the securities for less than or more than one year.
YEAR 2000 CHALLENGE
The common practice in computer programming of using just two digits to identify
a year has resulted in the Year 2000 challenge throughout the information
technology industry. If unchanged, many computer applications and systems could
misinterpret dates occurring after December 31, 1999, leading to errors or
failure. Such failure could adversely affect a fund's operations, including
pricing, securities trading, and the servicing of shareholder accounts.
The Vanguard Group is dedicated to providing uninterrupted, high-quality
performance from our computer systems before, during, and after 2000. In July
1998, we completed the renovation and initial testing of our internal systems.
Vanguard is diligently working with external partners, suppliers, and vendors,
including fund managers and other service providers, to assure that the systems
with which we interact remain operational at all times.
In addition to taking every reasonable step to secure our internal systems
and external relationships, Vanguard is further developing contingency plans
intended to assure that unexpected systems failures will not adversely affect
the Fund's operations. Vanguard intends to monitor these processes through the
rollover of 1999 into 2000 and to implement quickly alternate solutions if
necessary.
However, despite Vanguard's efforts and contingency plans, noncompliant
computer systems could have a material adverse effect on the Fund's business,
operations, or financial condition. Additionally, the Fund's performance could
be hurt if a computer-system failure at a company or governmental unit affects
the price of securities the Fund owns.
DIVIDENDS, CAPITAL GAINS, AND TAXES
Each December, the Fund distributes to shareholders virtually all of its income
from interest and dividends, as well as any capital gains realized from the sale
of securities. In addition, the Fund may occasionally be required to make
supplemental dividend or capital gains distributions at some other time during
the year.
Dividend and capital gains distributions of Fund shares that are held as an
investment option in an employer-sponsored retirement or savings plan will be
reinvested in additional Fund shares and accumulate on a tax-deferred basis. You
will not owe taxes on these distributions until you begin withdrawals. You
should consult your plan administrator, your plan's Summary Plan Document, or
your tax adviser about the tax consequences of an investment in the Fund and of
any plan withdrawals.
SHARE PRICE
The Fund's share price, called its net asset value, or NAV, is calculated each
business day after the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (the NAV
is not calculated on holidays or other days the Exchange is closed). Net asset
value per share is computed by adding up the total value of the Fund's
investments and other assets, subtracting any of its liabilities (debts), and
then dividing by the number of Fund shares outstanding:
TOTAL ASSETS - LIABILITIES
NET ASSET VALUE = ----------------------------------
NUMBER OF SHARES OUTSTANDING
Knowing the daily net asset value is useful to you as a shareholder because
it indicates the current value of your investment. The Fund's NAV, multiplied by
the number of shares you own, gives you the dollar amount you would have
received had you sold all of your shares back to the Fund that day.
8
<PAGE> 33
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
HOW TO READ THE FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS TABLE
The Fund began fiscal 1998 with a net asset value (price) of $27.74 per share.
During the year, the Fund earned $ X per share from investment income
(interest and dividends) and $ X per share from investments that had
appreciated in value or that were sold for higher prices than the Fund paid for
them.
Of those total earnings of $ X per share, $ X per share was
returned to shareholders in the form of dividend and capital gains
distributions.
The earnings ($ X per share) minus the distributions ($ X per share)
resulted in a share price of $ X at the end of the year. This was an increase
of $ X per share (from $27.74 at the beginning of the year to $ X at the end
of the year). For a shareholder who reinvested the distributions in the purchase
of more shares, the total return from the Fund was X% for the year.
As of August 31, 1998, the Fund had $ X billion in net assets; an expense
ratio of X% ($ X per $1,000 of net assets); and net investment income
amounting to X % of its average net assets. It sold and replaced securities
valued at X% of its net assets.
A NOTE ON PRICING: The Fund's investments will be priced at their market
value when market quotations are readily available. When these quotations are
not readily available, investments will be priced at their fair value,
calculated according to procedures adopted by the Fund's Board of Trustees.
The Fund's share price can be found daily in the mutual fund listings of
most major newspapers under the heading "Vanguard Funds." Different newspapers
use different abbreviations of the Fund's name, but the most common is USGRO.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The following financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the
Fund's financial performance for the past five years, and reflects financial
results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the table represent the
rate that an investor would have earned each year on an investment in the Fund
(assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). This information has
been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent accountants, whose
report along with the Fund's financial statements is included in the Fund's most
recent annual report to shareholders. You may have the annual report sent to you
without charge by contacting Vanguard.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
U.S. GROWTH PORTFOLIO
YEAR ENDED AUGUST 31,
1998 1997 1996 1995 1994
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
NET ASSET VALUE, BEGINNING OF YEAR X $22.62 $18.83 $15.52 $14.71
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
INVESTMENT OPERATIONS
Net Investment Income X .27 .26 .25 .20
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)
on Investments X 6.73 4.39 3.24 .82
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Total from Investment Operations X 7.00 4.65 3.49 1.02
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
DISTRIBUTIONS
Dividends from Net Investment Income X (.26) (.29) (.18) (.21)
Distributions from Realized Capital Gains X (1.62) (.57) -- --
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Total Distributions X (1.88) (.86) (.18) (.21)
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
NET ASSET VALUE, END OF YEAR X $27.74 $22.62 $18.83 $15.52
TOTAL RETURN X 32.50% 25.28% 22.75% 6.98%
====== ====== ====== ====== ======
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
Net Assets, End of Year (Millions) X $7,445 $4,544 $2,989 $1,963
Ratio of Total Expenses to
Average Net Assets X 0.42% 0.43% 0.47% 0.52%
Ratio of Net Investment Income to
Average Net Assets X 1.13% 1.32% 1.59% 1.30%
Turnover Rate X 35% 44% 32% 47%
</TABLE>
From time to time, the Vanguard funds advertise yield and total return
figures. Yield is a measure of past dividend income. Total return includes both
past dividend income (assuming that it has been reinvested) plus realized and
unrealized capital appreciation (or depreciation). Neither yield nor total
return should be used to predict the future performance of a fund.
"Standard & Poor's(R)," "S&P(R)," "S&P 500(R)," "Standard & Poor's 500," and
"500" are trademarks of The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc.
9
<PAGE> 34
INVESTING WITH VANGUARD
The Fund is an investment option in your retirement or savings plan. Your plan
administrator or your employee benefits office can provide you with detailed
information on how to participate in your plan and how to elect the Fund as an
investment option.
- - If you have any questions about the Fund or Vanguard, including the Fund's
investment objective, strategies, or risks, contact Vanguard's Participant
Services Center, toll-free, at 1-800-523-1188.
- - If you have questions about your account, contact your plan administrator or
the organization that provides recordkeeping services for your plan.
INVESTMENT OPTIONS AND ALLOCATIONS
Your plan's specific provisions may allow you to change your investment
selections, the amount of your contributions, or how your contributions are
allocated among the investment choices available to you. Contact your plan
administrator or employee benefits office for more details.
TRANSACTIONS
Contributions, exchanges, or redemptions of the Fund's shares are processed as
soon as they have been received by Vanguard in good order. Good order means that
your request includes complete information on your contribution, exchange, or
redemption, and that Vanguard has received the appropriate assets.
EXCHANGES
The exchange privilege (your ability to redeem shares from one fund to purchase
shares of another fund) may be available to you through your plan. However,
because excessive exchanges can potentially disrupt the management of the Fund
and increase its transaction costs, Vanguard reserves the right to refuse any
exchange request. In addition, certain investment options, particularly funds
made up of company stock or investment contracts, may be subject to unique
restrictions.
Before making an exchange to another Vanguard fund available in your plan,
consider the following:
- - Make sure to read that fund's prospectus. Contact Participant Services,
toll-free, at 1-800-523-1188 for a copy.
- - Vanguard can accept exchanges only as permitted by your plan. Contact your
plan administrator for details on the exchange policies that apply to your
plan.
ACCESSING FUND INFORMATION BY COMPUTER
VANGUARD ON THE WORLD WIDE WEB www.vanguard.com
Use your personal computer to visit Vanguard's education-oriented website, which
provides timely news and information about Vanguard funds and services; an
online "university" that offers a variety of mutual fund classes; and
easy-to-use, interactive tools to help you create your own investment and
retirement strategies.
10
<PAGE> 35
GLOSSARY OF INVESTMENT TERMS
CAPITAL GAINS DISTRIBUTION
Payment to mutual fund shareholders of gains realized during the year on
securities that the fund has sold at a profit, minus any realized losses.
CASH RESERVES
Cash deposits as well as short-term bank deposits, money market instruments,
U.S. Treasury bills, bank certificates of deposit (CDs), repurchase agreements,
commercial paper, and banker's acceptances.
COMMON STOCK
A security representing ownership rights in a corporation. A stockholder is
entitled to share in the company's profits, some of which may be paid out as
dividends.
DIVIDEND INCOME
Payment to shareholders of income from interest or dividends generated by a
fund's investments.
EXPENSE RATIO
The percentage of a fund's average net assets used to pay its expenses. The
expense ratio includes management fees, administrative fees, and any 12b-1
distribution fees.
FIXED-INCOME SECURITIES
Investments, such as bonds, that have a fixed payment schedule. While the level
of income offered by these securities is predetermined, their prices may
fluctuate.
FUND DIVERSIFICATION
Holding a variety of securities so that a fund's return is not badly hurt by the
poor performance of a single security or industry.
GROWTH STOCK FUND
A mutual fund that emphasizes stocks of companies believed to have above-average
prospects for growth. Reflecting market expectations for superior growth, the
prices of growth stocks often are relatively high in comparison to revenue,
earnings, book value, and dividends.
INVESTMENT ADVISER
An organization that makes the day-to-day decisions regarding a fund's
investments.
MUTUAL FUND
An investment company that pools the money of many people and invests it in a
variety of securities in an effort to achieve a specific objective over time.
NET ASSET VALUE (NAV)
The market value of a mutual fund's total assets, minus liabilities, divided by
the number of shares outstanding. The value of a single share is called its
share value or share price.
PRICE/EARNINGS (P/E) RATIO
The current share price of a stock, divided by its per-share earnings (profits)
from the past year. A stock selling for $20, with earnings of $2 per share, has
a price/earnings ratio of 10.
PRINCIPAL
The amount of your own money you put into an investment.
SECURITIES
Stocks, bonds, and other investment vehicles.
TOTAL RETURN
A percentage change, over a specified time period, in a mutual fund's net asset
value, with the ending net asset value adjusted to account for the reinvestment
of all distributions of dividends and capital gains.
VALUE STOCK FUND
A mutual fund that emphasizes stocks of companies whose growth prospects are
generally regarded as subpar by the market. Reflecting these market
expectations, the prices of value stocks typically are below-average in
comparison to such factors as revenue, earnings, book value, and dividends.
VOLATILITY
The fluctuations in value of a mutual fund or other security. The greater a
fund's volatility, the wider the fluctuations between its high and low prices.
YIELD
Income (interest or dividends) earned by an investment, expressed as a
percentage of the investment's price.
<PAGE> 36
[THE VANGUARD GROUP SHIP LOGO]
Institutional Division
Post Office Box 2900
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2900
FOR MORE INFORMATION
If you'd like more information about Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund, the following
documents are available free upon request:
ANNUAL/SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO SHAREHOLDERS
Additional information about the Fund's investments is available in the Fund's
annual and semiannual reports to shareholders. In these reports, you will find a
discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly
affected the Fund's performance during its most recent fiscal year.
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (SAI)
The SAI provides more detailed information about the Fund.
The current annual and semiannual reports and the SAI are incorporated by
reference into (and are thus legally a part of) this prospectus.
To receive a free copy of the latest annual or semiannual report or the SAI, or
to request additional information about the Fund or other Vanguard funds, please
contact us as follows:
THE VANGUARD GROUP
PARTICIPANT SERVICES CENTER
P.O. BOX 2900
VALLEY FORGE, PA 19482-2900
TELEPHONE:
1-800-523-1188
TEXT TELEPHONE:
1-800-523-8004
WORLD WIDE WEB
www.vanguard.com
E-Mail:
[email protected]
INFORMATION PROVIDED BY THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (SEC)
You can review and copy information about the Fund (including the SAI) at the
SEC's Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. To find out more about this
public service, call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Reports and other information
about the Fund are also available on the SEC's website (www.sec.gov), or you can
receive copies of this information, for a fee, by writing the Public Reference
Section, Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, DC 20549-6009.
Fund's Investment Company Act
file number: 811-1027
(C) 1998 Vanguard Marketing
Corporation, Distributor.
All rights reserved.
I023N - 12/29/1998
<PAGE> 37
[VANGUARD SHIP GRAPHIC]
VANGUARD
INTERNATIONAL
GROWTH FUND
Prospectus
December 29, 1998
This prospectus contains
financial data for the
Fund through the
fiscal year ended
August 31, 1998.
[Vanguard Logo]
<PAGE> 38
VANGUARD INTERNATIONAL GROWTH FUND
An International Stock Mutual Fund
CONTENTS
1 FUND PROFILE
2 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
3 A WORD ABOUT RISK
3 WHO SHOULD INVEST
3 PRIMARY INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
6 THE FUND AND VANGUARD
7 INVESTMENT ADVISER
7 YEAR 2000 CHALLENGE
8 DIVIDENDS, CAPITAL GAINS, AND TAXES
8 SHARE PRICE
9 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
11 INVESTING WITH VANGUARD
11 SERVICES AND ACCOUNT FEATURES
12 TYPES OF ACCOUNTS
12 BUYING SHARES
14 REDEEMING SHARES
16 TRANSFERRING REGISTRATION
16 FUND AND ACCOUNT UPDATES
GLOSSARY (INSIDE BACK COVER)
WHY READING THIS PROSPECTUS IS IMPORTANT
This prospectus explains the objective, risks, and strategies of Vanguard
International Growth Fund. To highlight terms and concepts important to mutual
fund investors, we have provided "Plain Talk(R)" explanations along the way.
Reading the prospectus will help you to decide whether the Fund is the right
investment for you. We suggest that you keep it for future reference.
NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE SECURITIES OR PASSED UPON THE
ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
<PAGE> 39
1
FUND PROFILE
The following profile summarizes key features of Vanguard International Growth
Fund.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
The Fund is an international stock fund that seeks to provide long-term capital
growth.
INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
The Fund invests in the stocks of seasoned companies located outside the United
States. In selecting stocks, the Fund evaluates foreign markets around the
world, choosing companies in those markets with above-average growth potential.
PRIMARY RISKS
THE FUND'S TOTAL RETURN, LIKE STOCK PRICES GENERALLY, WILL FLUCTUATE WITHIN A
WIDE RANGE, SO AN INVESTOR COULD LOSE MONEY OVER SHORT OR EVEN EXTENDED PERIODS.
In addition to facing the same risks as U.S. stock funds, the Fund is subject to
the risks associated with foreign investing. Among these are country risk (the
chance that a country's economy will be hurt by political troubles, financial
problems, or natural disasters) and currency risk (the chance that returns will
be hurt by a rise in the value of the U.S. dollar versus foreign currencies).
PERFORMANCE/RISK INFORMATION
The bar chart and table below provide an indication of the risks of investing in
Vanguard International Growth Fund. The bar chart shows the Fund's performance
in each calendar year over a ten-year period. The table shows how the Fund's
average annual returns for one, five, and ten calendar years compare to those of
a broad-based securities market index. Keep in mind that the Fund's past
performance does not indicate how it will perform in the future.
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Annual Total Returns
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[Include Fund's year-to-date return information as of the
end of the most recent quarter.]
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
During the period shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a calendar
quarter was X% (quarter ending _____________ ) and the lowest return for a
quarter was X% (quarter ending _____________ ).
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Average Annual Total Returns For Years Ended December 31, 1997
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 Year 5 Years 10 Years
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vanguard International Growth Fund X% X% X%
MSCI EAFE Index* X X X
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Morgan Stanley Capital International Europe, Australasia, Far East Index.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE> 40
2
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
THE COSTS OF INVESTING
Costs are an important consideration in choosing a mutual fund. That's because
you, as a shareholder, pay the costs of operating a fund, plus any transaction
costs associated with the fund's buying and selling of securities. These costs
can erode a substantial portion of the gross income or capital appreciation a
fund achieves. Even seemingly small differences in expenses can, over time, have
a dramatic effect on a fund's performance.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
FUND EXPENSES
All mutual funds have operating expenses. These expenses, which are deducted
from a fund's gross income, are expressed as a percentage of the net assets of
the fund. Vanguard International Growth Fund's expense ratio in fiscal year 1998
was X%, or $X per $1,000 of average net assets. The average actively managed
international equity mutual fund had expenses in 1998 of X%, or $X per $1,000
of average net assets, according to Lipper Analytical Services, which reports on
the mutual fund industry.
FEES AND EXPENSES
The following tables describe the fees and expenses you would pay if you buy and
hold shares of the Fund.
SHAREHOLDER FEES (fees paid directly from your investment)
Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases: None
Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Reinvested Dividends: None
Redemption Fees: None
Exchange Fees: None
The expenses shown in the table are based upon those incurred in the fiscal
year ended August 31, 1998.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (expenses deducted from the Fund's assets)
Management and Administrative Expenses: X %
Investment Advisory Expenses: X %
12b-1 Distribution Fees: None
Other Expenses (Marketing, Taxes, Auditing, etc.): X %
TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES (EXPENSE RATIO): X %
The following example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing
in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. It illustrates
the hypothetical expenses that you would incur over various periods if you
invest $10,000 in the Fund. This example assumes that the Fund provides a return
of 5% a year, and that operating expenses remain the same. The results apply
whether or not you redeem your investment at the end of each period.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 Year 3 Years 5 Years 10 Years
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ X $ X $ X $ X
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
THIS EXAMPLE SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED TO REPRESENT ACTUAL EXPENSES OR
PERFORMANCE FROM THE PAST OR FOR THE FUTURE. ACTUAL FUTURE EXPENSES MAY BE
HIGHER OR LOWER THAN THOSE SHOWN.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
DIVIDENDS AND CAPITAL GAINS
Paid annually in December
INVESTMENT ADVISER
Schroder Capital Management International, London,
England, since 1981
INCEPTION DATE
September 30, 1981
NET ASSETS AS OF AUGUST 31, 1998
$ X billion
SUITABLE FOR IRAS
Yes.
MINIMUM INITIAL INVESTMENT
$3,000, $1,000 for IRAs and custodian accounts for minors
NEWSPAPER ABBREVIATION
IntlGr
VANGUARD FUND NUMBER
081
CUSIP NUMBER
921910204
TICKER SYMBOL
VWIGX
<PAGE> 41
3
A WORD ABOUT RISK
This prospectus describes the risks you would face as an investor in Vanguard
International Growth Fund. It is important to keep in mind one of the main
axioms of investing: The higher the risk of losing money, the higher the
potential reward. The reverse, also, is generally true: The lower the risk, the
lower the potential reward. As you consider an investment in Vanguard
International Growth Fund, you should also take into account your personal
tolerance for the daily fluctuations of the stock market.
Look for this [FLAG GRAPHIC] symbol throughout the prospectus. It is used
to mark detailed information about each type of risk that you would confront as
a shareholder of the Fund.
WHO SHOULD INVEST
The Fund may be a suitable investment for you if:
- - You wish to add an international stock fund to your existing holdings, which
could include other stock investments as well as bond, money market, and
tax-exempt investments.
- - You are willing to accept the additional risks (country risk, currency risk,
etc.) associated with international investments.
- - You are seeking growth of capital over the long term--at least five years.
- - You are not looking for current income.
- - You characterize your investment temperament as "relatively aggressive."
THE VANGUARD FUNDS DO NOT PERMIT MARKET TIMING. DO NOT INVEST IN THIS FUND IF
YOU ARE A MARKET-TIMER.
The Fund has adopted the following policies, among others, to discourage
short-term trading:
- - The Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase request--including
exchanges from other Vanguard funds--that it regards as disruptive to the
efficient management of the Fund. This could be because of the timing of the
investment or because of a history of excessive trading by the investor.
- - There is a limit to the number of times you can exchange into or out of the
Fund (see "Redeeming Shares" in the INVESTING WITH VANGUARD section).
- - The Fund reserves the right to stop offering shares at any time.
PRIMARY INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
This section explains how the investment adviser implements the Fund's strategy
to achieve the objective of long-term growth in capital. It also explains
several important risks--market risk, currency risk, country risk, and manager
risk--faced by investors in the Fund. The Fund's Board of Trustees oversees the
management of the Fund and in the interest of shareholders may change the
investment strategies.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
COSTS AND MARKET-TIMING
Some investors try to profit from market-timing--switching money into
investments when they expect prices to rise, and taking money out when they
expect the market to fall. As money is shifted in and out, a fund incurs
expenses for buying and selling securities. These costs are borne by all fund
shareholders, including the long-term investors who do not generate the costs.
Therefore, the Fund discourages short-term trading by, among other things,
limiting the number of exchanges it permits.
<PAGE> 42
4
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
GROWTH FUNDS AND VALUE FUNDS
Growth investing and value investing are two styles employed by stock fund
managers. Growth funds generally focus on companies believed to have
above-average potential for growth in revenue and earnings. Reflecting the
market's high expectations for superior growth, the prices of such stocks are
typically above-average in relation to such measures as revenue, earnings, book
value, and dividends. Value funds generally emphasize stocks of companies from
which the market does not expect strong growth. The prices of value stocks
typically are below-average in comparison to such factors as earnings and book
value, and these stocks typically pay above-average dividend yields. Growth and
value stocks have, in the past, produced similar long-term returns, though each
has periods when it outperforms the other. In general, growth funds appeal to
investors who will accept more volatility in hopes of a greater increase in
share price. Growth funds also may appeal to investors with taxable accounts who
prefer a higher proportion of returns to come as capital gains (which may be
taxed at lower rates than dividend income). Value funds, by contrast, are
appropriate for investors who want some dividend income and the potential for
capital gains, but are less tolerant of share-price fluctuations.
MARKET EXPOSURE
The Fund's primary strategy is to invest in the stocks of non-U.S. companies
with above-average potential for growth. About two-thirds of the Fund's assets
are invested in long-term growth stocks; the remaining third may be invested in
companies that pursue shorter-term opportunities.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
THE RISKS OF INTERNATIONAL INVESTING
Because foreign stock markets operate differently from the U.S. market,
Americans investing abroad will encounter risks not typically associated with
U.S. companies. For instance, foreign companies are not subject to the same
accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards and practices as U.S.
companies; and their stock may not be as liquid as the stock of similar U.S.
companies. In addition, foreign stock exchanges, brokers, and companies
generally have less government supervision and regulation than their
counterparts in the United States. These factors, among others, could negatively
impact the returns Americans receive from a foreign investment.
[FLAG THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO MARKET RISK, WHICH IS THE POSSIBILITY THAT
GRAPHIC] STOCK PRICES OVERALL WILL DECLINE OVER SHORT OR EVEN EXTENDED PERIODS.
STOCK MARKETS TEND TO MOVE IN CYCLES, WITH PERIODS OF RISING PRICES AND
PERIODS OF FALLING PRICES.
IN ADDITION, INVESTMENTS IN FOREIGN STOCK MARKETS CAN BE AS
RISKY, IF NOT MORE RISKY, THAN U.S. STOCK INVESTMENTS. THE PRICES OF
INTERNATIONAL STOCKS AND THE PRICES OF U.S. STOCKS HAVE OFTEN MOVED IN
OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS. THESE PERIODS HAVE, IN THE PAST, LASTED FOR AS
LONG AS SEVERAL YEARS.
To illustrate the volatility of international stock prices, the following
table shows the best, worst, and average total returns for foreign stock markets
over various periods as measured by the Morgan Stanley Capital International
Europe, Australasia, Far East (MSCI EAFE) Index, a widely used barometer of
international market activity. (Total returns consist of dividend income plus
change in market price.) Note that the returns shown do not include the costs of
buying and selling stocks or other expenses that a real-world investment
portfolio would incur. Note, also, that the gap between best and worst tends to
narrow over the long term.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INTERNATIONAL STOCK MARKET RETURNS (1969-1997)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 YEAR 5 YEARS 10 YEARS 20 YEARS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Best X X X X
Worst X X X X
Average X X X X
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE> 43
5
The table covers all of the 1-, 5-, 10-, and 20-year periods from 1969
through 1997. Keep in mind that this was a particularly favorable period for
foreign markets. For instance, over 10-year periods, foreign stocks provided an
average return of X %, compared to X % for U.S. stocks (as measured by the
Standard & Poor's 500 Composite Stock Index) during the same time frame. These
average returns reflect past performance on international stocks; you should not
regard them as an indication of future returns from either foreign markets as a
whole or this Fund in particular.
Keep in mind, too, that because Vanguard International Growth Fund's holdings
are not identical to the MSCI EAFE Index or any other market index, the
performance of the Fund will not mirror the returns of any particular index.
[FLAG THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO CURRENCY RISK, WHICH IS THE POSSIBILITY
GRAPHIC] THAT A STRONGER U.S. DOLLAR WILL REDUCE RETURNS FOR AMERICANS
INVESTING OVERSEAS. GENERALLY, WHEN THE DOLLAR RISES IN VALUE AGAINST
ANOTHER COUNTRY'S CURRENCY, YOUR INVESTMENT IN THAT COUNTRY LOSES VALUE
BECAUSE ITS CURRENCY IS WORTH FEWER U.S. DOLLARS. ON THE OTHER HAND, A
WEAKER U.S. DOLLAR GENERALLY LEADS TO HIGHER RETURNS FOR AMERICANS
HOLDING FOREIGN INVESTMENTS.
SECURITY SELECTION
Schroder Capital Management International ("Schroder"), adviser to the Fund,
believes that the two most important factors in managing the investments of an
international stock fund are country selection and stock selection. Schroder
continually evaluates financial markets around the world--including Japan, the
United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Germany, France, Switzerland, Sweden,
Australia, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, and Italy--and identifies those
countries with, in the adviser's opinion, the most favorable business climates.
[FLAG THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO COUNTRY RISK, WHICH IS THE POSSIBILITY THAT
GRAPHIC] POLITICAL EVENTS (A WAR, NATIONAL ELECTIONS), FINANCIAL PROBLEMS
(RISING INFLATION, GOVERNMENT DEFAULT), OR NATURAL DISASTERS (AN
EARTHQUAKE, A FLOOD) WILL WEAKEN A COUNTRY'S ECONOMY AND CAUSE
INVESTMENTS IN THAT COUNTRY TO LOSE MONEY.
Once an attractive market has been identified, Schroder analyzes the
companies there and ranks them according to their potential for above-average
earnings growth. Schroder considers on-site evaluations a vital part of the
security selection process, and members of its team therefore visit more than
6,000 companies in more than 20 countries each year. The companies chosen by
Schroder reflect a wide variety of countries and industries.
The Fund is run by Schroder according to traditional methods of active
investment management, which means securities are bought and sold according to
Schroder's judgments about companies and their financial prospects, and about
foreign stock markets and economies in general.
The Fund is generally managed without regard to tax ramifications.
[FLAG THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO MANAGER RISK, WHICH IS THE POSSIBILITY THAT THE
GRAPHIC] ADVISER MAY DO A POOR JOB OF SELECTING STOCKS.
TURNOVER RATE
Although the Fund generally seeks to invest for the long term, it retains the
right to sell securities regardless of how long they have been held. The Fund's
average turnover rate for the past five years has been about X %. (A turnover
rate of 100% would occur, for example, if the Fund sold and replaced securities
valued at 100% of its net assets within a one-year period.)
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
TURNOVER RATE
Before investing in a mutual fund, you should review its turnover rate. This
gives an indication of how transaction costs could affect the fund's future
returns. In general, the greater the volume of buying and selling by the fund,
the greater the impact that brokerage commissions and other transaction costs
will have on its return. (These costs are in addition to those described in the
fee table on page 2.) Also, funds with high turnover rates may be more likely
to generate capital gains that must be distributed to shareholders as income
subject to taxes. The average turnover rate for all international stock funds
is approximately X %.
<PAGE> 44
6
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
DERIVATIVES
A derivative is a financial contract whose value is based on (or "derived" from)
a traditional security (such as a stock or a bond), an asset (such as a
commodity like gold), or a market index (such as the S&P 500 Index). Futures and
options are derivatives that have been trading on regulated exchanges for more
than two decades. These "traditional" derivatives are standardized contracts
that can easily be bought and sold, and whose market values are determined and
published daily. It is these characteristics that differentiate futures and
options from the relatively new types of derivatives. If used for speculation or
as leveraged investments, derivatives can carry considerable risks.
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES AND RISKS
Besides investing in stocks of foreign companies, the Fund may follow a number
of investment policies to achieve its objective.
The Fund may enter into forward foreign currency contracts, which help
protect its holdings against unfavorable short-term changes in exchange rates. A
forward foreign currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a country's
currency at a specific price on a specific date, usually 30, 60, or 90 days in
the future. In other words, the contract guarantees an exchange rate on a given
date. Managers of international stock funds use these contracts to guard against
sudden, unfavorable changes in U.S. dollar/foreign currency exchange rates. The
contracts will not prevent the fund's securities from falling in value during
foreign market downswings. Schroder will use these contracts to eliminate some
of the uncertainty of foreign exchange rates.
The Fund may also invest, to a limited extent, in stock futures and options
contracts, which are traditional types of derivatives. Losses (or gains)
involving futures and options can sometimes be substantial--in part because a
relatively small price movement in a contract may result in an immediate and
substantial loss (or gain) for a fund. This Fund will not use futures and
options for speculative purposes or as leveraged investments that magnify the
gains or losses of an investment. The value of all futures and options contracts
in which the Fund acquires an interest cannot exceed 20% of total assets.
The reasons for which the Fund will invest in futures and options are:
- - To keep cash on hand to meet shareholder redemptions or other needs while
simulating full investment in stocks.
- - To reduce the Fund's transaction costs or add value when these instruments
are favorably priced.
The Fund may, from time to time, take temporary defensive measures--such as
holding cash reserves without limit--that are inconsistent with the Fund's
primary investment strategies, in response to adverse market, economic,
political, or other conditions. In taking such measures, the Fund may not
achieve its investment objective.
THE FUND AND VANGUARD
The Fund is a member of The Vanguard Group, a family of more than X investment
companies with more than X distinct investment portfolios holding assets worth
more than $X billion. All of the Vanguard funds share in the expenses associated
with business operations, such as personnel, office space, equipment, and
advertising.
Vanguard also provides marketing services to the funds. Although shareholders
do not pay sales commissions or 12b-1 distribution fees, each fund pays its
allocated share of The Vanguard Group's marketing costs.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
VANGUARD'S UNIQUE CORPORATE STRUCTURE
The Vanguard Group is truly a MUTUAL mutual fund company. It is owned jointly by
the funds it oversees and thus indirectly by the shareholders in those funds.
Most other mutual funds are operated by for-profit management companies that may
be owned by one person, by a group of individuals, or by investors who own the
management company's stock. By contrast, Vanguard provides its services on an
"at-cost" basis, and the funds' expense ratios reflect only these costs. No
separate management company reaps profits or absorbs losses from operating the
funds.
<PAGE> 45
INVESTMENT ADVISER
7
The Fund employs Schroder Capital Management International ("Schroder"), 31
Gresham Street, London, England EC2V 7QA, as its investment adviser. Schroder
manages the Fund subject to the control of the Trustees and officers of the
Fund.
Schroder's advisory fee is paid quarterly and is based on certain annual
percentage rates multiplied by the Fund's average month-end assets for each
quarter.
For the year ended August 31, 1998, the investment advisory fee paid to
Schroder was $ X million, which represented an effective annual rate of X% of
the Fund's average net assets.
In addition, Schroder's advisory fee is increased or decreased, based on the
cumulative investment performance of the Fund over a trailing 36-month period as
compared to the cumulative total return of the MSCI EAFE Index over the same
period. This index is a widely-used barometer of European and Pacific stock
market activity.
The Fund has authorized Schroder to choose brokers or dealers to handle the
purchase and sale of securities, and to get the best available price and most
favorable execution from these brokers with respect to all transactions.
In the interest of obtaining better execution of a transaction, Schroder may
at times choose brokers who charge higher commissions. If more than one broker
can obtain the best available price and favorable execution of a transaction,
then Schroder is authorized to choose a broker who, in addition to executing the
transaction, will provide research services to Schroder or the Fund. Also, the
Fund may direct Schroder to use a particular broker for certain transactions in
exchange for commission rebates or research services provided to the Fund.
However, Schroder will not pay higher commissions specifically for the purpose
of obtaining research services.
The Board of Trustees may, without prior approval from shareholders, change
the terms of the advisory agreement or hire a new investment adviser, either as
a replacement for Schroder or as an additional adviser. However, no such change
would be made before giving shareholders notice in writing.
YEAR 2000 CHALLENGE
The common practice in computer programming of using just two digits to identify
a year has resulted in the Year 2000 challenge throughout the information
technology industry. If unchanged, many computer applications and systems could
misinterpret dates occurring after December 31, 1999, leading to errors or
failure. Such failure could adversely affect a fund's operations, including
pricing, securities trading, and the servicing of shareholder accounts.
The Vanguard Group is dedicated to providing uninterrupted, high-quality
performance from our computer systems before, during, and after 2000. In July
1998, we completed the renovation and initial testing of our internal systems.
Vanguard is diligently working with external partners, suppliers, and vendors,
including fund managers and other service providers, to assure that the systems
with which we interact remain operational at all times.
In addition to taking every reasonable step to secure our internal systems
and external relationships, Vanguard is further developing contingency plans
intended to assure that unexpected systems failures will not adversely affect
the Fund's operations. Vanguard intends to monitor these processes through the
rollover of 1999 into 2000 and to implement quickly alternate solutions if
necessary.
However, despite Vanguard's efforts and contingency plans, noncompliant
computer systems could have a material adverse effect on the Fund's business,
operations, or financial condition. Additionally, the Fund's performance could
be hurt if a computer-system failure at a company or governmental unit affects
the price of securities the Fund owns.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
THE FUND'S ADVISER
Schroder Capital Management International ("Schroder") is part of a worldwide
group of banks and financial services companies known as The Schroder Group. As
of August 31, 1998, the Group managed more than $150 billion in assets. The
manager responsible for overseeing Schroder's strategy for Vanguard
International Growth Fund is:
RICHARD FOULKES, Executive Vice President and Deputy Chairman of Schroder;
with Schroder since 1968; educated at the Sorbonne, France; M.A., Cambridge
University, England.
<PAGE> 46
8
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
DISTRIBUTIONS
As a shareholder, you are entitled to your share of the fund's income from
interest and dividends, and gains from the sale of investments. You receive such
earnings as either an income dividend or a capital gains distribution. Income
dividends come from both the dividends that the fund earns from its holdings and
the interest it receives from its money market and bond investments. Capital
gains are realized whenever the fund sells securities for higher prices than it
paid for them. The capital gains are either short-term or long-term depending on
whether the fund held the securities for less than or more than one year.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
"BUYING A DIVIDEND"
Unless you are investing through a tax-deferred retirement account (such as an
IRA), it is not to your advantage to buy shares of a fund shortly before it
makes a distribution, because doing so can cost you money in taxes. This is
known as "buying a dividend." For example: on December 15, you invest $5,000,
buying 250 shares for $20 each. If the fund pays a distribution of $1 per share
on December 16, its share price would drop to $19 (not counting market change).
You still have only $5,000 (250 shares x $19 = $4,750 in share value, plus 250
shares x $1 = $250 in distributions), but you owe tax on the $250 distribution
you received -- even if you reinvest it in more shares. To avoid "buying a
dividend," check a fund's distribution schedule before you invest.
DIVIDENDS, CAPITAL GAINS, AND TAXES
In either case, these distributions may be taxable to you. It is important to
note that distributions of dividends and capital gains that are declared in
December--if paid to you by the end of January--are taxed as if they had been
paid to you in December.
Vanguard will send you a statement each year showing the tax status of all
your distributions. If you have chosen to receive dividend and/or capital gains
distributions in cash, and the postal or other delivery service is unable to
deliver checks to your address of record, we will change the distribution option
so that all dividends and other distributions are automatically invested in
additional shares. We will not pay interest on uncashed distribution checks.
- - The dividends and short-term capital gains that you receive are considered
ordinary income for tax purposes.
- - Any distributions of net long-term capital gains by the Fund are usually
taxable to you as long-term capital gains, no matter how long you've owned
shares in the Fund.
- - Although the Fund does not seek to realize any particular amount of capital
gains during a year, such gains are realized from time to time as by-products
of its ordinary investment activities. Consequently, distributions may vary
considerably from year to year.
- - If you sell or exchange shares, any gain or loss you have is a taxable event.
This means that you may have a capital gain to report as income, or a capital
loss to report as a deduction, when you complete your federal income tax
return.
- - Distributions of dividends or capital gains, and capital gains or losses from
your sale or exchange of Fund shares, may be subject to state and local
income taxes as well.
The tax information in this prospectus is provided as general information and
will not apply to you if you are investing through a tax-deferred account such
as an IRA or a qualified employee benefit plan. You should consult your tax
adviser about the tax consequences of an investment in the Fund.
SHARE PRICE
The Fund's share price, called its net asset value, or NAV, is calculated each
business day after the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (the NAV
is not calculated on holidays or other days the Exchange is closed). Net asset
value per share is computed by adding up the total value of the Fund's
investments and other assets, subtracting any of its liabilities (debts), and
then dividing by the number of Fund shares outstanding:
TOTAL ASSETS - LIABILITIES
NET ASSET VALUE = ------------------------------
NUMBER OF SHARES OUTSTANDING
<PAGE> 47
9
Knowing the daily net asset value is useful to you as a shareholder because
it indicates the current value of your investment. The Fund's NAV, multiplied by
the number of shares you own, gives you the dollar amount you would have
received had you sold all of your shares back to the Fund that day.
A NOTE ON PRICING: The Fund's investments will be priced at their market
value when market quotations are readily available. When these quotations are
not readily available, investments will be priced at their fair value,
calculated according to procedures adopted by the Fund's Board of Trustees.
The Fund's share price can be found daily in the mutual fund listings of most
major newspapers under the heading "Vanguard Funds." Different newspapers use
different abbreviations of the Fund's name, but the most common is IntlGr.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The following financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the
Fund's financial performance for the past five years, and reflects financial
results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the table represent the
rate that an investor would have earned each year on an investment in the Fund
(assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). This information has
been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent accountants, whose
report--along with the Fund's financial statements--is included in the Fund's
most recent annual report to shareholders. You may have the annual report sent
to you without charge by contacting Vanguard.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INTERNATIONAL GROWTH FUND
YEAR ENDED AUGUST 31,
---------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996 1995 1994
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
NET ASSET VALUE, BEGINNING OF YEAR X $ 16.13 $ 14.70 $ 14.36 $ 12.02
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVESTMENT OPERATIONS
Net Investment Income X .19 .19 .20 .14
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)
on Investments X 2.28 1.65 .32 2.31
Total from Investment Operations X 2.47 1.84 .52 2.45
DISTRIBUTIONS
Dividends from Net Investment Income X (.19) (.20) (.18) (.11)
from Realized Capital Gains X (.55) (.21) X X
Total Distributions X (.74) (.41) (.18) (.11)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET ASSET VALUE, END OF YEAR X $ 17.86 $ 16.13 $ 14.70 $ 14.36
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL RETURN X 15.84% 12.72% 3.76 %20.44%
==========================================================================================================
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
Net Assets, End of Year (Millions) X $ 7,089 $ 4,997 $ 3,354 $ 2,989
Ratio of Total Expenses to
Average Net Assets X 0.57% 0.56% 0.59% 0.46%
Ratio of Net Investment Income to
Average Net Assets X 1.26% 1.35% 1.53% 1.37%
Turnover Rate X 22% 22% 31% 28%
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
HOW TO READ THE FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS TABLE
The Fund began fiscal 1998 with a net asset value (price) of $17.86 per share.
During the year, the Fund earned $ X per share from investment income (interest
and dividends) and $ X per share from investments that had appreciated in value
or that were sold for higher prices than the Fund paid for them.
Of those total earnings of $ X per share, $ X per share was returned to
shareholders in the form of dividend and capital gains distributions.
The earnings ($ X per share) minus the distributions ($ X per share)
resulted in a share price of $ X at the end of the year. This was an increase of
$ X per share (from $17.86 at the beginning of the year to $ X at the end of
the year). For a shareholder who reinvested the distributions in the purchase of
more shares, the total return from the Fund was X % for the year.
As of August 31, 1998, the Fund had $ X billion in net assets; an expense
ratio of X % ($ X per $1,000 of net assets); and net investment income
amounting to X % of its average net assets. It sold and replaced securities
valued at X % of its net assets.
<PAGE> 48
10
From time to time, the Vanguard funds advertise yield and total return
figures. Yield is a measure of past dividend income. Total return includes both
past dividend income (assuming that it has been reinvested) plus realized and
unrealized capital appreciation (or depreciation). Neither yield nor total
return should be used to predict the future performance of a fund.
<PAGE> 49
11
INVESTING WITH VANGUARD
Are you looking for the most convenient way to open or add money to a Vanguard
account? Obtain instant access to fund information? Establish an account for a
minor child or for your retirement savings?
Vanguard can help. Our goal is to make it easy and pleasant for you to do
business with us.
The following sections of the prospectus briefly explain the many services
we offer. Booklets providing detailed information are available on the services
marked with a [GRAPHIC OF BOOK]. Please call us to request copies.
SERVICES AND ACCOUNT FEATURES
Vanguard offers many services that make it convenient to buy, sell, or
exchange shares, or to obtain fund or account information.
TELEPHONE REDEMPTIONS (SALES AND EXCHANGES)
Automatically set up for this Fund unless you notify us otherwise.
VANGUARD DIRECT DEPOSIT SERVICE(TM) [GRAPHIC OF BOOK]
Automatic method for depositing your paycheck or U.S. government payment
(including Social Security and government pension checks) into your account.
VANGUARD AUTOMATIC EXCHANGE SERVICE(TM) [GRAPHIC OF BOOK]
Automatic method for moving a fixed amount of money from one Vanguard fund
account to another.
VANGUARD FUND EXPRESS(R) [GRAPHIC OF BOOK]
Electronic method for buying or selling shares. You can transfer money between
your Vanguard fund account and an account at your bank, savings and loan, or
credit union on a systematic schedule or whenever you wish.
VANGUARD DIVIDEND EXPRESS(TM) [GRAPHIC OF BOOK]
Electronic method for transferring dividend and/or capital gains distributions
directly from your Vanguard fund account to your bank, savings and loan, or
credit union account.
VANGUARD TELE-ACCOUNT(R) 1-800-662-6273 [GRAPHIC OF BOOK]
Toll-free 24-hour access to Vanguard fund and account information--as well as
some transactions--by using any touch-tone phone. Tele-Account provides total
return, share price, price change, and yield quotations for all Vanguard funds;
gives your account balances and history (e.g., last transaction, latest dividend
distribution); and allows you to sell or exchange fund shares.
ACCESS VANGUARD(R) www.vanguard.com [GRAPHIC OF COMPUTER]
You can use your personal computer to perform certain transactions for most
Vanguard funds by accessing our website. To establish this service, you must
register through the website. We will then send to you, by mail, an account
access password that allows you to process the following financial and
administrative transactions online:
- - open a new account*
- - buy, sell or exchange shares of most funds
- - change your name/address
- - add/change fund options (including dividend options, Vanguard Fund
Express(R), bank instructions, checkwriting, and Vanguard Automatic Exchange
Service(TM))
*Only current Vanguard shareholders can open a new account online, by exchanging
shares from other existing Vanguard accounts.
INVESTOR INFORMATION DEPARTMENT: 1-800-662-7447 (SHIP) TEXT TELEPHONE:
1-800-952-3335 Call Vanguard for information on our funds, fund services, and
retirement accounts, and to request literature.
CLIENT SERVICES DEPARTMENT: 1-800-662-2739 (CREW) TEXT TELEPHONE: 1-800-662-2738
Call Vanguard for information on your account, account transactions, and account
statements.
SERVICES FOR CLIENTS OF VANGUARD'S INSTITUTIONAL DIVISION: 1-888-809-8102
Vanguard's Institutional Division offers a variety of specialized services for
large institutional investors, including the ability to effect account
transactions through private electronic networks and third-party recordkeepers.
<PAGE> 50
12
TYPES OF ACCOUNTS
Individuals and institutions can establish a variety of accounts with Vanguard.
FOR ONE OR MORE PEOPLE
Open an account in the name of one (individual) or more (joint tenants) people.
FOR HOLDING PERSONAL TRUST ASSETS [GRAPHIC OF BOOK]
Invest assets held in an existing personal trust.
FOR INDIVIDUAL RETIREMENT ACCOUNTS [GRAPHIC OF BOOK]
Open a traditional IRA account or a Roth IRA account. Eligibility and other
requirements are established by federal law and Vanguard custodial account
agreements. For more information, please call 1-800-662-7447 (SHIP).
FOR AN ORGANIZATION [GRAPHIC OF BOOK]
Open an account as a corporation, partnership, endowment, foundation, or other
entity.
FOR THIRD-PARTY TRUSTEE RETIREMENT INVESTMENTS
Open an account as a retirement trust or plan based on an existing corporate or
institutional plan. These accounts are established by the trustee of the
existing plan.
VANGUARD PROTOTYPE PLANS
Open a variety of retirement accounts using Vanguard prototype plans for
individuals, sole proprietorships, and small businesses. For more information,
please call 1-800-662-2003.
BUYING SHARES
You buy your shares at the Fund's next-determined net asset value after Vanguard
or its appointed agent receives your request. As long as your request is
received before the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange, generally 4
p.m. Eastern time, you will buy your shares at that day's net asset value.
MINIMUM INVESTMENT TO . . .
open a new account
$3,000 (regular account); $1,000 (Traditional IRAs and Roth IRAs).
add to an existing account
$100 by mail or exchange; $1,000 by wire.
A NOTE ON LOW BALANCES
The Fund reserves the right to close any nonretirement account whose balance
falls below the minimum initial investment. The Fund will deduct a $10 annual
fee in June if your nonretirement account balance falls below $2,500. The fee is
waived if your total Vanguard account assets are $50,000 or more.
BY MAIL TO . . . [GRAPHIC OF ENVELOPE]
open a new account
Complete and sign the application form and enclose your check.
add to an existing account
Mail your check with an Invest-By-Mail form detached from your confirmation
statement to the address listed on the form.
Make your check payable to: The Vanguard Group-81
All purchases must be made in U.S. dollars, and checks must be drawn on U.S.
banks.
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 2600 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
<PAGE> 51
13
For clients of Vanguard's Institutional Division . . .
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 2900 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2900 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
IMPORTANT NOTE: To prevent check fraud, Vanguard will not accept checks made
payable to third parties.
BY TELEPHONE TO . . . [TELEPHONE GRAPHIC]
open a new account
Call Vanguard Tele-Account* 24 hours a day--or Client Services during business
hours--to exchange from another Vanguard fund account with the same registration
(name, address, taxpayer I.D., and account type).
add to an existing account
Call Vanguard Tele-Account* 24 hours a day--or Client Services during business
hours--to exchange from another Vanguard fund account with the same registration
(name, address, taxpayer I.D., and account type). Use Vanguard Fund Express (see
"Services and Account Features") to transfer assets from your bank account. Call
Client Services before your first use to verify that this option is in place.
Vanguard Tele-Account Client Services
1-800-662-6273 1-800-662-2739
*You must obtain a Personal Identification Number through Tele-Account at least
seven days before you request your first exchange.
IMPORTANT NOTE: Once you've requested a telephone transaction and a confirmation
number has been assigned, the transaction cannot be revoked. We reserve the
right to refuse any purchase request.
BY WIRE TO OPEN A NEW ACCOUNT OR ADD TO AN EXISTING ACCOUNT [WIRE GRAPHIC]
Call Client Services to arrange your wire transaction. Wire
transactions are not available for retirement accounts, except for asset
transfers and direct rollovers.
Wire to:
FRB ABA 021001088
Marine Midland Bank, New York
For credit to:
Account: 000112046
Vanguard Incoming Wire Account
In favor of:
Vanguard International Growth Fund--81
[Account number, or temporary number for a new account]
[Registered account owner]
[Registered address]
You can redeem (that is, sell or exchange) shares purchased by check or
Vanguard Fund Express at any time. However, while your redemption request will
be processed at the next-determined net asset value after it is received, your
redemption proceeds will not be available until payment for your purchase is
collected, which may take up to ten calendar days.
Keep in mind that if you buy or sell Fund shares through a registered
broker/dealer or investment adviser, the broker/dealer or adviser may charge you
a service fee.
A NOTE ON LARGE PURCHASES
It is important that you call Vanguard before you invest a large dollar amount.
We must consider the interests of all Fund shareholders and so reserve the right
to refuse any purchase that will disrupt the Fund's operation or performance.
<PAGE> 52
14
REDEEMING SHARES
The ability to redeem (that is, sell or exchange) Fund shares by telephone is
automatically established for your account, unless you instruct us otherwise in
writing. While telephone redemption is easy and convenient, this account feature
involves a risk of loss from unauthorized or fraudulent transactions. Vanguard
will take reasonable precautions to protect your account from fraud. You should
do the same by keeping your account information private and immediately
reviewing any account statements that we send to you. Make sure to contact
Vanguard immediately about any transaction you believe to be unauthorized.
We reserve the right to refuse a telephone redemption if the caller is unable
to provide:
[CHECKBOX] The ten-digit account number.
[CHECKBOX] The name and address exactly as registered on the account.
[CHECKBOX] The primary Social Security or employer identification number as
registered on the account.
Please note that Vanguard will not be responsible for any account losses due
to telephone fraud, so long as we have taken reasonable steps to verify the
caller's identity. If you wish to remove the telephone redemption feature from
your account, please notify us in writing.
HOW TO SELL SHARES
You can withdraw any part of your account, at any time, by selling shares. Sale
proceeds are normally mailed within two business days after Vanguard receives
your request. Proceeds of wire redemptions are sent to your bank one business
day after Vanguard or its appointed agent receives your request. The sale price
of your shares will be the Fund's next-determined net asset value after Vanguard
receives all required documents in good order.
Good order means that the request includes:
[CHECKBOX] Fund name and account number.
[CHECKBOX] Amount of the transaction (in dollars or shares).
[CHECKBOX] Signatures of all owners exactly as registered on the account.
[CHECKBOX] Signature guarantees (if required).
[CHECKBOX] Any supporting legal documentation that may be required.
[CHECKBOX] Any certificates you are holding for the account.
Sale or exchange requests received after the close of trading on the Exchange
are processed at the next business day's net asset value. No interest will
accrue on amounts represented by uncashed redemption checks. The Fund will not
cancel any trade (e.g., purchase, redemption, or exchange) believed to be
authentic, once the trade request has been received in writing or by telephone
with a confirmation number assigned.
NOTE: Some written requests (such as those requesting that redemptions be paid
to a different payee or address than that of the account owner) require a
signature guarantee from a bank, broker, or other acceptable financial
institution. A notary public cannot provide a signature guarantee.
HOW TO EXCHANGE SHARES
An exchange is the selling of shares of one Vanguard fund to purchase shares of
another. Although we make every effort to maintain the exchange privilege,
Vanguard reserves the right to revise or terminate the exchange privilege, limit
the amount of an exchange, or reject any exchange, at any time, without notice.
Because excessive exchanges can disrupt the management of the Fund and
increase transaction costs, Vanguard limits exchange activity to TWO SUBSTANTIVE
EXCHANGE REDEMPTIONS (at least 30 days apart) from the Fund during any 12-month
period. "Substantive" means either a dollar amount or a series of movements
between Vanguard funds that Vanguard determines, in its sole discretion, could
adversely affect the management of the Fund.
Before you exchange into a new Vanguard fund, be sure to read its prospectus.
SELLING OR EXCHANGING SHARES BY MAIL [GRAPHIC OF ENVELOPE]
All Account Types Except Retirement:
Send a letter of instruction signed by all registered account holders. Include
the fund name and account number and (if you are selling) a dollar amount or
number of shares OR (if you are exchanging) the name of the fund you want to
exchange into and a dollar amount or number of shares. To exchange into an
account with a different registration (including a different name, address, or
taxpayer identification number), you must provide Vanguard with written
instructions that include the guaranteed signatures of all current account
owners.
<PAGE> 53
15
Vanguard Retirement Accounts:
For information on how to request distributions from:
- - Traditional IRAs and Roth IRAs--call Client Services.
- - SEP-IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs, 403(b)(7) custodial accounts, and Profit-Sharing and
Money Purchase Pension (Keogh) Plans--call Individual Retirement Plans at
1-800-662-2003.
Depending on your account registration type, additional documentation may be
required.
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 2600 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
For clients of Vanguard's Institutional Division . . .
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 2900 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2900 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
SELLING OR EXCHANGING SHARES BY TELEPHONE [TELEPHONE GRAPHIC]
All Account Types Except Retirement:
Call Vanguard Tele-Account* 24 hours a day--or Client Services during business
hours--to sell or exchange shares. You can exchange shares from this Fund to
open an account in another Vanguard fund or to add to an existing Vanguard fund
account with an identical registration.
Retirement Accounts:
You can exchange--but not sell--shares by calling Tele-Account or Client
Services.
Vanguard Tele-Account Client Services
1-800-662-6273 1-800-662-2739
A NOTE ON UNUSUAL CIRCUMSTANCES
Vanguard reserves the right to revise or terminate the telephone redemption
privilege at any time, without notice. In addition, Vanguard can stop selling
shares or postpone payment at times when the New York Stock Exchange is closed
or under any emergency circumstances as determined by the U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission. If you experience difficulty making a telephone redemption
during periods of drastic economic or market change, you can send us your
request by regular or express mail. Follow the instructions on selling or
exchanging shares by mail in this section.
SELLING OR EXCHANGING SHARES ONLINE
ACCESS VANGUARD www.vanguard.com [COMPUTER GRAPHIC]
You can use your personal computer to sell or exchange shares of most Vanguard
funds by accessing our website. To establish this service, you must register
through the website. We will then send you, by mail, an account access password
that will enable you to sell or exchange shares online (as well as perform other
transactions).
NOTE: The Vanguard funds whose shares you cannot exchange online or by
telephone are VANGUARD U.S. STOCK INDEX FUNDS, VANGUARD BALANCED INDEX FUND,
VANGUARD INTERNATIONAL STOCK INDEX FUNDS, VANGUARD REIT INDEX FUND, and VANGUARD
GROWTH AND INCOME FUND. If you sell shares of these funds online, you will
receive a redemption check at your address of record. These funds do, however,
permit online and telephone exchanges within IRAs and other retirement accounts.
A NOTE ON LARGE REDEMPTIONS
It is important that you call Vanguard before you redeem a large dollar amount.
We must consider the interests of all Fund shareholders and so reserve the right
to delay delivery of your redemption proceeds--up to seven days--if the amount
will disrupt the Fund's operation or performance.
If a shareholder redeems more than $250,000 worth of Fund shares within any
90-day period, the Fund reserves the right to pay part or all of the redemption
proceeds above $250,000 in kind, i.e., in securities, rather than in cash. If
payment is made in kind, the shareholder may incur brokerage commissions if the
shareholder elects to sell the securities for cash.
<PAGE> 54
16
TRANSFERRING REGISTRATION
You can transfer the registration of your Fund shares to another owner by
completing a transfer form and sending it to Vanguard.
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 2600 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
For clients of Vanguard's Institutional Division . . .
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 2900 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2900 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
FUND AND ACCOUNT UPDATES
STATEMENTS AND REPORTS
We will send you clear, concise account and tax statements to help you keep
track of your Fund account throughout the year as well as when you are preparing
your income tax returns.
In addition, you will receive financial reports about the Fund twice a year.
These comprehensive reports include an assessment of the Fund's performance (and
a comparison to its industry benchmark), an overview of the markets, a report
from the advisers, a listing of the Fund's holdings, and other financial
statements.
To keep the Fund's costs as low as possible (so that you and other
shareholders can keep more of the Fund's investment earnings), Vanguard attempts
to eliminate duplicate mailings to the same address. When we find that two or
more Fund shareholders have the same last name and address, we send just one
Fund report to that address--instead of mailing separate reports to each
shareholder. If you want us to send separate reports, however, you may notify
our Investor Information Department at 1-800-662-7447.
CONFIRMATION STATEMENT
Sent each time you buy, sell, or exchange shares; confirms the trade date and
the amount of your transaction.
PORTFOLIO SUMMARY [Book Graphic]
Mailed quarterly for most accounts; shows the market value of your account at
the close of the statement period, as well as distributions, purchases, sales,
and exchanges for the current calendar year.
FUND FINANCIAL REPORTS
Mailed in October and April for this Fund.
TAX STATEMENTS
Generally mailed in January; report previous year's dividend distributions,
proceeds from the sale of shares, and distributions from IRAs or other
retirement accounts.
AVERAGE COST REVIEW STATEMENT
Issued quarterly for most taxable accounts (accompanies your Portfolio Summary);
shows the average cost of shares that you redeemed during the calendar year,
using the average cost single category method.
<PAGE> 55
GLOSSARY OF INVESTMENT TERMS
CAPITAL GAINS DISTRIBUTION
Payment to mutual fund shareholders of gains realized during the year on
securities that the fund has sold at a profit, minus any realized losses.
CASH RESERVES
Cash deposits as well as short-term bank deposits, money market instruments,
U.S. Treasury bills, bank certificates of deposit (CDs), repurchase agreements,
commercial paper, and banker's acceptances.
COMMON STOCK
A security representing ownership rights in a corporation. A stockholder is
entitled to share in the company's profits, some of which may be paid out as
dividends.
COUNTRY RISK
The possibility that events such as political or financial troubles or natural
disasters will weaken a country's economy.
CURRENCY RISK
The possibility that an American's foreign investment will lose money because of
unfavorable exchange rates.
DIVIDEND INCOME
Payment to shareholders of income from interest or dividends generated by a
fund's investments.
EXPENSE RATIO
The percentage of a fund's average net assets used to pay its expenses. The
expense ratio includes management fees, administrative fees, and any 12b-1
distribution fees.
FUND DIVERSIFICATION
Holding a variety of securities so that a fund's return is not badly hurt by the
poor performance of a single security or industry.
INTERNATIONAL STOCK FUND
A mutual fund that invests in the stocks of companies located outside the United
States.
INVESTMENT ADVISER
An organization that makes the day-to-day decisions regarding a fund's
investments.
MUTUAL FUND
An investment company that pools the money of many people and invests it in a
variety of securities in an effort to achieve a specific objective over time.
NET ASSET VALUE (NAV)
The market value of a mutual fund's total assets, minus liabilities, divided by
the number of shares outstanding. The value of a single share is called its
share value or share price.
PRICE/EARNINGS (P/E) RATIO
The current share price of a stock, divided by its per-share earnings (profits)
from the past year. A stock selling for $20, with earnings of $2 per share, has
a price/earnings ratio of 10.
PRINCIPAL
The amount of your own money you put into an investment.
SECURITIES
Stocks, bonds, and other investment vehicles.
TOTAL RETURN
A percentage change, over a specified time period, in a mutual fund's net asset
value, with the ending net asset value adjusted to account for the reinvestment
of all distributions of dividends and capital gains.
VOLATILITY
The fluctuations in value of a mutual fund or other security. The greater a
fund's volatility, the wider the fluctuations between its high and low prices.
YIELD
Income (interest or dividends) earned by an investment, expressed as a
percentage of the investment's price.
<PAGE> 56
[VANGUARD GROUP LOGO]
Post Office Box 2600
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600
FOR MORE INFORMATION
If you'd like more information about Vanguard International Growth Fund, the
following documents are available free upon request:
ANNUAL/SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO SHAREHOLDERS
Additional information about the Fund's investments is available in the Fund's
annual and semiannual reports to shareholders. In these reports, you will find a
discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly
affected the Fund's performance during its most recent fiscal year.
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (SAI)
The SAI provides more detailed
information about the Fund.
The current annual and semiannual reports and the SAI are incorporated by
reference into (and are thus legally a part of) this prospectus.
To receive a free copy of the latest annual or semiannual report or the SAI, or
to request additional information about the Fund or other Vanguard funds, please
contact us as follows:
THE VANGUARD GROUP
INVESTOR INFORMATION
DEPARTMENT
P.O. BOX 2600
VALLEY FORGE, PA 19482-2600
TELEPHONE:
1-800-662-7447 (SHIP)
TEXT TELEPHONE:
1-800-952-3335
WORLD WIDE WEB
www.vanguard.com
E-MAIL:
[email protected]
If you are a current Fund shareholder and would like information about your
account, account transactions, and/or account statements, please call:
CLIENT SERVICES DEPARTMENT
TELEPHONE:
1-800-662-2739(CREW)
TEXT TELEPHONE:
1-800-662-2738
INFORMATION PROVIDED BY THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (SEC)
You can review and copy information about the Fund (including the SAI) at the
SEC's Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. To find out more about this
public service, call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Reports and other information
about the Fund are also available on the SEC's website (www.sec.gov), or you can
receive copies of this information, for a fee, by writing the Public Reference
Section, Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, DC 20549-6009.
Fund's Investment Company Act
file number: 811-1027
(c) 1998 Vanguard Marketing Corporation, Distributor.
All rights reserved.
PO81N-12/29/1998
<PAGE> 57
VANGUARD
INTERNATIONAL
GROWTH FUND
Participant Prospectus
December 29, 1998
This prospectus contains financial data for the Fund through the fiscal year
ended August 31, 1998.
[SHIP GRAPHIC]
[THE VANGUARD GROUP LOGO]
<PAGE> 58
VANGUARD INTERNATIONAL GROWTH FUND
An International Stock Mutual Fund
CONTENTS
1 FUND PROFILE
2 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
3 A WORD ABOUT RISK
3 WHO SHOULD INVEST
3 PRIMARY INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
6 THE FUND AND VANGUARD
7 INVESTMENT ADVISER
7 YEAR 2000 CHALLENGE
8 DIVIDENDS, CAPITAL GAINS, AND TAXES
8 SHARE PRICE
9 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
10 INVESTING WITH VANGUARD
10 ACCESSING FUND INFORMATION BY COMPUTER
GLOSSARY (inside back cover)
WHY READING THIS PROSPECTUS IS IMPORTANT
This prospectus explains the objective, risks, and strategies of Vanguard
International Growth Fund. To highlight terms and concepts important to mutual
fund investors, we have provided "Plain Talk(R)" explanations along the way.
Reading the prospectus will help you to decide whether the Fund is the right
investment for you. We suggest that you keep it for future reference.
IMPORTANT NOTE
This prospectus is intended for participants in employer-sponsored retirement or
savings plans. Another version -- for investors who would like to open a
personal investment account -- can be obtained by calling Vanguard at
1-800-662-7447.
NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE SECURITIES OR PASSED UPON THE
ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
<PAGE> 59
FUND PROFILE
The following profile summarizes key features of Vanguard International Growth
Fund.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
The Fund is an international stock fund that seeks to provide long-term capital
growth.
INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
The Fund invests in the stocks of seasoned companies located outside the United
States. In selecting stocks, the Fund evaluates foreign markets around the
world, choosing companies in those markets with above-average growth potential.
PRIMARY RISKS
THE FUND'S TOTAL RETURN, LIKE STOCK PRICES GENERALLY, WILL FLUCTUATE WITHIN A
WIDE RANGE, SO AN INVESTOR COULD LOSE MONEY OVER SHORT OR EVEN EXTENDED PERIODS.
In addition to facing the same risks as U.S. stock funds, the Fund is subject to
the risks associated with foreign investing. Among these are country risk (the
chance that a country's economy will be hurt by political troubles, financial
problems, or natural disasters) and currency risk (the chance that returns will
be hurt by a rise in the value of the U.S. dollar versus foreign currencies).
PERFORMANCE/RISK INFORMATION
The bar chart and table below provide an indication of the risks of investing in
Vanguard International Growth Fund. The bar chart shows the Fund's performance
in each calendar year over a ten-year period. The table shows how the Fund's
average annual returns for one, five, and ten calendar years compare to those of
a broad-based securities market index. Keep in mind that the Fund's past
performance does not indicate how it will perform in the future.
ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS
[Include Fund's year-to-date return information as of the end of the most
recent quarter.]
During the period shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a calendar
quarter was -% (quarter ending _____________ ) and the lowest return for a
quarter was - -% (quarter ending _____________ ).
AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS FOR YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1 YEAR 5 YEARS 10 YEARS
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Vanguard International Growth Fund - % - % - %
MSCI EAFE Index* - - -
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
*Morgan Stanley Capital International Europe, Australasia, Far East Index.
1
<PAGE> 60
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
THE COSTS OF INVESTING
Costs are an important consideration in choosing a mutual fund. That's because
you, as a shareholder, pay the costs of operating a fund, plus any transaction
costs associated with the fund's buying and selling of securities. These costs
can erode a substantial portion of the gross income or capital appreciation a
fund achieves. Even seemingly small differences in expenses can, over time, have
a dramatic effect on a fund's performance.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
FUND EXPENSES
All mutual funds have operating expenses. These expenses, which are deducted
from a fund's gross income, are expressed as a percentage of the net assets of
the fund. Vanguard International Growth Fund's expense ratio in fiscal year 1998
was -%, or $- per $1,000 of average net assets. The average actively managed
international equity mutual fund had expenses in 1998 of -%, or $- per $1,000 of
average net assets, according to Lipper Analytical Services, which reports on
the mutual fund industry.
FEES AND EXPENSES
The following tables describe the fees and expenses you would pay if you buy and
hold shares of the Fund.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
SHAREHOLDER FEES (fees paid directly from your investment)
Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases: None
Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Reinvested Dividends: None
Redemption Fees: None
Exchange Fees: None
</TABLE>
The expenses shown in the table are based upon those incurred in the fiscal
year ended August 31, 1998.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (expenses deducted from the Fund's assets)
Management and Administrative Expenses: - %
Investment Advisory Expenses: - %
12b-1 Distribution Fees: None
Other Expenses (Marketing, Taxes, Auditing, etc.): - %
TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES (EXPENSE RATIO): - %
</TABLE>
The following example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing
in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. It illustrates the
hypothetical expenses that you would incur over various periods if you invest
$10,000 in the Fund. This example assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5%
a year, and that operating expenses remain the same. The results apply whether
or not you redeem your investment at the end of each period.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1 YEAR 3 YEARS 5 YEARS 10 YEARS
- ----------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$ - $ - $ - $ -
- ----------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
THIS EXAMPLE SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED TO REPRESENT ACTUAL EXPENSES OR
PERFORMANCE FROM THE PAST OR FOR THE FUTURE. ACTUAL FUTURE EXPENSES MAY BE
HIGHER OR LOWER THAN THOSE SHOWN.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
DIVIDENDS AND CAPITAL GAINS
Paid annually in December
INVESTMENT ADVISER
Schroder Capital Management International, London, England, since 1981
INCEPTION DATE
September 30, 1981
NET ASSETS AS OF AUGUST 31, 1998
$- billion
NEWSPAPER ABBREVIATION
IntlGr
VANGUARD FUND NUMBER
081
CUSIP NUMBER
921910204
TICKER SYMBOL
VWIGX
2
<PAGE> 61
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
COSTS AND MARKET-TIMING
Some investors try to profit from market-timing -- switching money into
investments when they expect prices to rise, and taking money out when they
expect the market to fall. As money is shifted in and out, a fund incurs
expenses for buying and selling securities. These costs are borne by all fund
shareholders, including the long-term investors who do not generate the costs.
Therefore, the Fund discourages short-term trading by, among other things,
limiting the number of exchanges it permits.
A WORD ABOUT RISK
This prospectus describes the risks you would face as an investor in Vanguard
International Growth Fund. It is important to keep in mind one of the main
axioms of investing: The higher the risk of losing money, the higher the
potential reward. The reverse, also, is generally true: The lower the risk, the
lower the potential reward. As you consider an investment in Vanguard
International Growth Fund, you should also take into account your personal
tolerance for the daily fluctuations of the stock market.
Look for this [FLAG] symbol throughout the prospectus. It is used to mark
detailed information about each type of risk that you would confront as a
shareholder of the Fund.
WHO SHOULD INVEST
The Fund may be a suitable investment for you if:
- - You wish to add an international stock fund to your existing holdings, which
could include other stock investments as well as bond, money market, and
tax-exempt investments.
- - You are willing to accept the additional risks (country risk, currency risk,
etc.) associated with international investments.
- - You are seeking growth of capital over the long term -- at least five years.
- - You are not looking for current income.
- - You characterize your investment temperament as "relatively aggressive."
THE VANGUARD FUNDS DO NOT PERMIT MARKET TIMING. DO NOT INVEST IN THIS FUND IF
YOU ARE A MARKET-TIMER.
The Fund has adopted the following policies, among others, to discourage
short-term trading:
- - The Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase request -- including
exchanges from other Vanguard funds -- that it regards as disruptive to the
efficient management of the Fund. This could be because of the timing of the
investment or because of a history of excessive trading by the investor.
- - There is a limit to the number of times you can exchange into or out of the
Fund (see "Exchanges" in the INVESTING WITH VANGUARD section).
- - The Fund reserves the right to stop offering shares at any time.
PRIMARY INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
This section explains how the investment adviser implements the Fund's strategy
to achieve the objective of long-term growth in capital. It also explains
several important risks -- market risk, currency risk, country risk, and manager
risk -- faced by investors in the Fund. The Fund's Board of Trustees oversees
the management of the Fund and in the interest of shareholders may change the
investment strategies.
3
<PAGE> 62
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
GROWTH FUNDS AND VALUE FUNDS
Growth investing and value investing are two styles employed by stock fund
managers. Growth funds generally focus on companies believed to have
above-average potential for growth in revenue and earnings. Reflecting the
market's high expectations for superior growth, the prices of such stocks are
typically above-average in relation to such measures as revenue, earnings, book
value, and dividends. Value funds generally emphasize stocks of companies from
which the market does not expect strong growth. The prices of value stocks
typically are below-average in comparison to such factors as earnings and book
value, and these stocks typically pay above-average dividend yields. Growth and
value stocks have, in the past, produced similar long-term returns, though each
has periods when it outperforms the other. In general, growth funds appeal to
investors who will accept more volatility in hopes of a greater increase in
share price. Growth funds also may appeal to investors with taxable accounts who
prefer a higher proportion of returns to come as capital gains (which may be
taxed at lower rates than dividend income). Value funds, by contrast, are
appropriate for investors who want some dividend income and the potential for
capital gains, but are less tolerant of share-price fluctuations.
MARKET EXPOSURE
The Fund's primary strategy is to invest in the stocks of non-U.S. companies
with above-average potential for growth. About two-thirds of the Fund's assets
are invested in long-term growth stocks; the remaining third may be invested in
companies that pursue shorter-term opportunities.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
THE RISKS OF INTERNATIONAL INVESTING
Because foreign stock markets operate differently from the U.S. market,
Americans investing abroad will encounter risks not typically associated with
U.S. companies. For instance, foreign companies are not subject to the same
accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards and practices as U.S.
companies; and their stock may not be as liquid as the stock of similar U.S.
companies. In addition, foreign stock exchanges, brokers, and companies
generally have less government supervision and regulation than their
counterparts in the United States. These factors, among others, could negatively
impact the returns Americans receive from a foreign investment.
[FLAG] THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO MARKET RISK, WHICH IS THE POSSIBILITY THAT STOCK
PRICES OVERALL WILL DECLINE OVER SHORT OR EVEN EXTENDED PERIODS. STOCK
MARKETS TEND TO MOVE IN CYCLES, WITH PERIODS OF RISING PRICES AND
PERIODS OF FALLING PRICES.
IN ADDITION, INVESTMENTS IN FOREIGN STOCK MARKETS CAN BE AS RISKY, IF
NOT MORE RISKY, THAN U.S. STOCK INVESTMENTS. THE PRICES OF INTERNATIONAL
STOCKS AND THE PRICES OF U.S. STOCKS HAVE OFTEN MOVED IN OPPOSITE
DIRECTIONS. THESE PERIODS HAVE, IN THE PAST, LASTED FOR AS LONG AS
SEVERAL YEARS.
To illustrate the volatility of international stock prices, the following
table shows the best, worst, and average total returns for foreign stock markets
over various periods as measured by the Morgan Stanley Capital International
Europe, Australasia, Far East (MSCI EAFE) Index, a widely used barometer of
international market activity. (Total returns consist of dividend income plus
change in market price.) Note that the returns shown do not include the costs of
buying and selling stocks or other expenses that a real-world investment
portfolio would incur. Note, also, that the gap between best and worst tends to
narrow over the long term.
INTERNATIONAL STOCK MARKET RETURNS (1969 - 1997)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1 YEAR 5 YEARS 10 YEARS 20 YEARS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Best - - - -
Worst - - - -
Average - - - -
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
4
<PAGE> 63
The table covers all of the 1-, 5-, 10-, and 20-year periods from 1969
through 1997. Keep in mind that this was a particularly favorable period for
foreign markets. For instance, over 10-year periods, foreign stocks provided an
average return of -%, compared to -% for U.S. stocks (as measured by the
Standard & Poor's 500 Composite Stock Index) during the same time frame. These
average returns reflect past performance on international stocks; you should not
regard them as an indication of future returns from either foreign markets as a
whole or this Fund in particular.
Keep in mind, too, that because Vanguard International Growth Fund's holdings
are not identical to the MSCI EAFE Index or any other market index, the
performance of the Fund will not mirror the returns of any particular index.
[FLAG] THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO CURRENCY RISK, WHICH IS THE POSSIBILITY THAT A
STRONGER U.S. DOLLAR WILL REDUCE RETURNS FOR AMERICANS INVESTING
OVERSEAS. GENERALLY, WHEN THE DOLLAR RISES IN VALUE AGAINST ANOTHER
COUNTRY'S CURRENCY, YOUR INVESTMENT IN THAT COUNTRY LOSES VALUE BECAUSE
ITS CURRENCY IS WORTH FEWER U.S. DOLLARS. ON THE OTHER HAND, A WEAKER
U.S. DOLLAR GENERALLY LEADS TO HIGHER RETURNS FOR AMERICANS HOLDING
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS.
SECURITY SELECTION
Schroder Capital Management International ("Schroder"), adviser to the Fund,
believes that the two most important factors in managing the investments of an
international stock fund are country selection and stock selection. Schroder
continually evaluates financial markets around the world -- including Japan, the
United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Germany, France, Switzerland, Sweden,
Australia, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, and Italy -- and identifies those
countries with, in the adviser's opinion, the most favorable business climates.
[FLAG] THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO COUNTRY RISK, WHICH IS THE POSSIBILITY THAT
POLITICAL EVENTS (A WAR, NATIONAL ELECTIONS), FINANCIAL PROBLEMS (RISING
INFLATION, GOVERNMENT DEFAULT), OR NATURAL DISASTERS (AN EARTHQUAKE, A
FLOOD) WILL WEAKEN A COUNTRY'S ECONOMY AND CAUSE INVESTMENTS IN THAT
COUNTRY TO LOSE MONEY.
Once an attractive market has been identified, Schroder analyzes the
companies there and ranks them according to their potential for above-average
earnings growth. Schroder considers on-site evaluations a vital part of the
security selection process, and members of its team therefore visit more than
6,000 companies in more than 20 countries each year. The companies chosen by
Schroder reflect a wide variety of countries and industries.
The Fund is run by Schroder according to traditional methods of active
investment management, which means securities are bought and sold according to
Schroder's judgments about companies and their financial prospects, and about
foreign stock markets and economies in general.
The Fund is generally managed without regard to tax ramifications.
[FLAG] THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO MANAGER RISK, WHICH IS THE POSSIBILITY THAT THE
ADVISER MAY DO A POOR JOB OF SELECTING STOCKS.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
TURNOVER RATE
Before investing in a mutual fund, you should review its turnover rate. This
gives an indication of how transaction costs could affect the fund's future
returns. In general, the greater the volume of buying and selling by the fund,
the greater the impact that brokerage commissions and other transaction costs
will have on its return. (These costs are in addition to those described in the
fee table on page 2.) Also, funds with high turnover rates may be more likely to
generate capital gains that must be distributed to shareholders as income
subject to taxes. The average turnover rate for all international stock funds is
approximately -%.
TURNOVER RATE
Although the Fund generally seeks to invest for the long term, it retains the
right to sell securities regardless of how long they have been held. The Fund's
average turnover rate for the past five years has been about -%. (A turnover
rate of 100% would occur, for example, if the Fund sold and replaced securities
valued at 100% of its net assets within a one-year period.)
5
<PAGE> 64
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
DERIVATIVES
A derivative is a financial contract whose value is based on (or "derived" from)
a traditional security (such as a stock or a bond), an asset (such as a
commodity like gold), or a market index (such as the S&P 500 Index). Futures and
options are derivatives that have been trading on regulated exchanges for more
than two decades. These "traditional" derivatives are standardized contracts
that can easily be bought and sold, and whose market values are determined and
published daily. It is these characteristics that differentiate futures and
options from the relatively new types of derivatives. If used for speculation or
as leveraged investments, derivatives can carry considerable risks.
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES AND RISKS
Besides investing in stocks of foreign companies, the Fund may follow a number
of investment policies to achieve its objective.
The Fund may enter into forward foreign currency contracts, which help
protect its holdings against unfavorable short-term changes in exchange rates. A
forward foreign currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a country's
currency at a specific price on a specific date, usually 30, 60, or 90 days in
the future. In other words, the contract guarantees an exchange rate on a given
date. Managers of international stock funds use these contracts to guard against
sudden, unfavorable changes in U.S. dollar/foreign currency exchange rates. The
contracts will not prevent the fund's securities from falling in value during
foreign market downswings. Schroder will use these contracts to eliminate some
of the uncertainty of foreign exchange rates.
The Fund may also invest, to a limited extent, in stock futures and options
contracts, which are traditional types of derivatives. Losses (or gains)
involving futures and options can sometimes be substantial -- in part because a
relatively small price movement in a contract may result in an immediate and
substantial loss (or gain) for a fund. This Fund will not use futures and
options for speculative purposes or as leveraged investments that magnify the
gains or losses of an investment. The value of all futures and options contracts
in which the Fund acquires an interest cannot exceed 20% of total assets.
The reasons for which the Fund will invest in futures and options are:
- - To keep cash on hand to meet shareholder redemptions or other needs while
simulating full investment in stocks.
- - To reduce the Fund's transaction costs or add value when these instruments
are favorably priced.
The Fund may, from time to time, take temporary defensive measures -- such as
holding cash reserves without limit -- that are inconsistent with the Fund's
primary investment strategies, in response to adverse market, economic,
political, or other conditions. In taking such measures, the Fund may not
achieve its investment objective.
THE FUND AND VANGUARD
The Fund is a member of The Vanguard Group, a family of more than - investment
companies with more than - distinct investment portfolios holding assets worth
more than $X billion. All of the Vanguard funds share in the expenses associated
with business operations, such as personnel, office space, equipment, and
advertising.
Vanguard also provides marketing services to the funds. Although shareholders
do not pay sales commissions or 12b-1 distribution fees, each fund pays its
allocated share of The Vanguard Group's marketing costs.
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
VANGUARD'S UNIQUE CORPORATE STRUCTURE
The Vanguard Group is truly a MUTUAL mutual fund company. It is owned jointly by
the funds it oversees and thus indirectly by the shareholders in those funds.
Most other mutual funds are operated by for-profit management companies that may
be owned by one person, by a group of individuals, or by investors who own the
management company's stock. By contrast, Vanguard provides its services on an
"at-cost" basis, and the funds' expense ratios reflect only these costs. No
separate management company reaps profits or absorbs losses from operating the
funds.
6
<PAGE> 65
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
THE FUND'S ADVISER
Schroder Capital Management International ("Schroder") is part of a worldwide
group of banks and financial services companies known as The Schroder Group. As
of August 31, 1998, the Group managed more than $150 billion in assets. The
manager responsible for overseeing Schroder's strategy for Vanguard
International Growth Fund is:
RICHARD FOULKES, Executive Vice President and Deputy Chairman of Schroder;
with Schroder since 1968; educated at the Sorbonne, France; M.A., Cambridge
University, England.
INVESTMENT ADVISER
The Fund employs Schroder Capital Management International ("Schroder"), 31
Gresham Street, London, England EC2V 7QA, as its investment adviser. Schroder
manages the Fund subject to the control of the Trustees and officers of the
Fund.
Schroder's advisory fee is paid quarterly and is based on certain annual
percentage rates multiplied by the Fund's average month-end assets for each
quarter.
For the year ended August 31, 1998, the investment advisory fee paid to
Schroder was $ - million, which represented an effective annual rate of - % of
the Fund's average net assets.
In addition, Schroder's advisory fee is increased or decreased, based on the
cumulative investment performance of the Fund over a trailing 36-month period as
compared to the cumulative total return of the MSCI EAFE Index over the same
period. This index is a widely-used barometer of European and Pacific stock
market activity.
The Fund has authorized Schroder to choose brokers or dealers to handle the
purchase and sale of securities, and to get the best available price and most
favorable execution from these brokers with respect to all transactions.
In the interest of obtaining better execution of a transaction, Schroder may
at times choose brokers who charge higher commissions. If more than one broker
can obtain the best available price and favorable execution of a transaction,
then Schroder is authorized to choose a broker who, in addition to executing the
transaction, will provide research services to Schroder or the Fund. Also, the
Fund may direct Schroder to use a particular broker for certain transactions in
exchange for commission rebates or research services provided to the Fund.
However, Schroder will not pay higher commissions specifically for the purpose
of obtaining research services.
The Board of Trustees may, without prior approval from shareholders, change
the terms of the advisory agreement or hire a new investment adviser, either as
a replacement for Schroder or as an additional adviser. However, no such change
would be made before giving shareholders notice in writing.
YEAR 2000 CHALLENGE
The common practice in computer programming of using just two digits to identify
a year has resulted in the Year 2000 challenge throughout the information
technology industry. If unchanged, many computer applications and systems could
misinterpret dates occurring after December 31, 1999, leading to errors or
failure. Such failure could adversely affect a fund's operations, including
pricing, securities trading, and the servicing of shareholder accounts.
The Vanguard Group is dedicated to providing uninterrupted, high-quality
performance from our computer systems before, during, and after 2000. In July
1998, we completed the renovation and initial testing of our internal systems.
Vanguard is diligently working with external partners, suppliers, and vendors,
including fund managers and other service providers, to assure that the systems
with which we interact remain operational at all times.
In addition to taking every reasonable step to secure our internal systems
and external relationships, Vanguard is further developing contingency plans
intended to assure that unexpected systems failures will not adversely affect
the Fund's operations. Vanguard intends to monitor these processes through the
rollover of 1999 into 2000 and to implement quickly alternate solutions if
necessary.
However, despite Vanguard's efforts and contingency plans, noncompliant
computer systems could have a material adverse effect on the Fund's business,
operations, or financial condition. Additionally, the Fund's performance could
be hurt if a computer-system failure at a company or governmental unit affects
the price of securities the Fund owns.
7
<PAGE> 66
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
DISTRIBUTIONS
As a shareholder, you are entitled to your share of the fund's income from
interest and dividends, and gains from the sale of investments. You receive such
earnings as either an income dividend or a capital gains distribution. Income
dividends come from both the dividends that the fund earns from its holdings and
the interest it receives from its money market and bond investments. Capital
gains are realized whenever the fund sells securities for higher prices than it
paid for them. The capital gains are either short-term or long-term depending on
whether the fund held the securities for less than or more than one year.
DIVIDENDS, CAPITAL GAINS, AND TAXES
Each December, the Fund distributes to shareholders virtually all of its income
from interest and dividends, as well as any capital gains realized from the sale
of its holdings. In addition, the Fund may occasionally be required to make
supplemental dividend or capital gains distributions at some other time during
the year.
Dividend and capital gains distributions of Fund shares that are held as an
investment option in an employer-sponsored retirement or savings plan will be
reinvested in additional Fund shares and accumulate on a tax-deferred basis. You
will not owe taxes on these distributions until you begin withdrawals. You
should consult your plan administrator, your plan's Summary Plan Document, or
your tax adviser about the tax consequences of an investment in the Fund and of
any plan withdrawals.
SHARE PRICE
The Fund's share price, called its net asset value, or NAV, is calculated each
business day after the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (the NAV
is not calculated on holidays or other days the Exchange is closed). Net asset
value per share is computed by adding up the total value of the Fund's
investments and other assets, subtracting any of its liabilities (debts), and
then dividing by the number of Fund shares outstanding:
TOTAL ASSETS - LIABILITIES
NET ASSET VALUE = --------------------------------------
NUMBER OF SHARES OUTSTANDING
Knowing the daily net asset value is useful to you as a shareholder because
it indicates the current value of your investment. The Fund's NAV, multiplied by
the number of shares you own, gives you the dollar amount you would have
received had you sold all of your shares back to the Fund that day.
A NOTE ON PRICING: The Fund's investments will be priced at their market
value when market quotations are readily available. When these quotations are
not readily available, investments will be priced at their fair value,
calculated according to procedures adopted by the Fund's Board of Trustees.
The Fund's share price can be found daily in the mutual fund listings of most
major newspapers under the heading "Vanguard Funds." Different newspapers use
different abbreviations of the Fund's name, but the most common is INTLGR.
8
<PAGE> 67
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
HOW TO READ THE FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS TABLE
The Fund began fiscal 1998 with a net asset value (price) of $17.86 per share.
During the year, the Fund earned $ - per share from investment income (interest
and dividends) and $ - per share from investments that had appreciated in value
or that were sold for higher prices than the Fund paid for them.
Of those total earnings of $ - per share, $ - per share was returned to
shareholders in the form of dividend and capital gains distributions.
The earnings ($ - per share) minus the distributions ($ - per share) resulted
in a share price of $ - at the end of the year. This was an increase of $ - per
share (from $17.86 at the beginning of the year to $ - at the end of the year).
For a shareholder who reinvested the distributions in the purchase of more
shares, the total return from the Fund was - % for the year.
As of August 31, 1998, the Fund had $ - billion in net assets; an expense
ratio of - % ($ - per $1,000 of net assets); and net investment income amounting
to - % of its average net assets. It sold and replaced securities valued at - %
of its net assets.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The following financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the
Fund's financial performance for the past five years, and reflects financial
results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the table represent the
rate that an investor would have earned each year on an investment in the Fund
(assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). This information has
been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent accountants, whose
report -- along with the Fund's financial statements -- is included in the
Fund's most recent annual report to shareholders. You may have the annual report
sent to you without charge by contacting Vanguard.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
INTERNATIONAL GROWTH FUND
YEAR ENDED AUGUST 31,
1998 1997 1996 1995 1994
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
NET ASSET VALUE, BEGINNING OF YEAR - $16.13 $14.70 $14.36 $12.02
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVESTMENT OPERATIONS
Net Investment Income - .19 .19 .20 .14
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)
on Investments - 2.28 1.65 .32 2.31
Total from Investment Operations - 2.47 1.84 .52 2.45
DISTRIBUTIONS
Dividends from Net Investment Income - (.19) (.20) (.18) (.11)
Distributions from Realized Capital Gains - (.55) (.21) - -
Total Distributions - (.74) (.41) (.18) (.11)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET ASSET VALUE, END OF YEAR - $17.86 $16.13 $14.70 $14.36
===========================================================================================================
TOTAL RETURN - 15.84% 12.72% 3.76% 20.44%
===========================================================================================================
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
Net Assets, End of Year (Millions) - $7,089 $4,997 $3,354 $2,989
Ratio of Total Expenses to
Average Net Assets - 0.57% 0.56% 0.59% 0.46%
Ratio of Net Investment Income to
Average Net Assets - 1.26% 1.35% 1.53% 1.37%
Turnover Rate - 22% 22% 31% 28%
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
From time to time, the Vanguard funds advertise yield and total return
figures. Yield is a measure of past dividend income. Total return includes both
past dividend income (assuming that it has been reinvested) plus realized and
unrealized capital appreciation (or depreciation). Neither yield nor total
return should be used to predict the future performance of a fund.
"Standard & Poor's(R)," "S&P(R)," "S&P 500(R)," "Standard & Poor's 500," and
"500" are trademarks of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
9
<PAGE> 68
INVESTING WITH VANGUARD
The Fund is an investment option in your retirement or savings plan. Your plan
administrator or your employee benefits office can provide you with detailed
information on how to participate in your plan and how to elect the Fund as an
investment option.
- - If you have any questions about the Fund or Vanguard, including the Fund's
investment objective, strategies, or risks, contact Vanguard's Participant
Services Center, toll-free, at 1-800-523-1188.
- - If you have questions about your account, contact your plan administrator or
the organization that provides recordkeeping services for your plan.
INVESTMENT OPTIONS AND ALLOCATIONS
Your plan's specific provisions may allow you to change your investment
selections, the amount of your contributions, or how your contributions are
allocated among the investment choices available to you. Contact your plan
administrator or employee benefits office for more details.
TRANSACTIONS
Contributions, exchanges, or redemptions of the Fund's shares are processed as
soon as they have been received by Vanguard in good order. Good order means that
your request includes complete information on your contribution, exchange, or
redemption, and that Vanguard has received the appropriate assets.
EXCHANGES
The exchange privilege (your ability to redeem shares from one fund to purchase
shares of another fund) may be available to you through your plan. However,
because excessive exchanges can potentially disrupt the management of the Fund
and increase its transaction costs, Vanguard reserves the right to refuse any
exchange request. In addition, certain investment options, particularly funds
made up of company stock or investment contracts, may be subject to unique
restrictions.
Before making an exchange to another Vanguard fund available in your plan,
consider the following:
- - Make sure to read that fund's prospectus. Contact Participant Services,
toll-free, at 1-800-523-1188 for a copy.
- - Vanguard can accept exchanges only as permitted by your plan. Contact your
plan administrator for details on the exchange policies that apply to your
plan.
ACCESSING FUND INFORMATION BY COMPUTER
VANGUARD ON THE WORLD WIDE WEB www.vanguard.com
Use your personal computer to visit Vanguard's education-oriented website, which
provides timely news and information about Vanguard funds and services; an
online "university" that offers a variety of mutual fund classes; and
easy-to-use, interactive tools to help you create your own investment and
retirement strategies.
10
<PAGE> 69
GLOSSARY OF INVESTMENT TERMS
CAPITAL GAINS DISTRIBUTION
Payment to mutual fund shareholders of gains realized during the year on
securities that the fund has sold at a profit, minus any realized losses.
CASH RESERVES
Cash deposits as well as short-term bank deposits, money market instruments,
U.S. Treasury bills, bank certificates of deposit (CDs), repurchase agreements,
commercial paper, and banker's acceptances.
COMMON STOCK
A security representing ownership rights in a corporation. A stockholder is
entitled to share in the company's profits, some of which may be paid out as
dividends.
COUNTRY RISK
The possibility that events such as political or financial troubles or natural
disasters will weaken a country's economy.
CURRENCY RISK
The possibility that an American's foreign investment will lose money because of
unfavorable exchange rates.
DIVIDEND INCOME
Payment to shareholders of income from interest or dividends generated by a
fund's investments.
EXPENSE RATIO
The percentage of a fund's average net assets used to pay its expenses. The
expense ratio includes management fees, administrative fees, and any 12b-1
distribution fees.
FUND DIVERSIFICATION
Holding a variety of securities so that a fund's return is not badly hurt by the
poor performance of a single security or industry.
INTERNATIONAL STOCK FUND
A mutual fund that invests in the stocks of companies located outside the United
States.
INVESTMENT ADVISER
An organization that makes the day-to-day decisions regarding a fund's
investments.
MUTUAL FUND
An investment company that pools the money of many people and invests it in a
variety of securities in an effort to achieve a specific objective over time.
NET ASSET VALUE (NAV)
The market value of a mutual fund's total assets, minus
liabilities, divided by the number of shares outstanding. The value of a single
share is called its share value or share price.
PRICE/EARNINGS (P/E) RATIO
The current share price of a stock, divided by its per-share earnings (profits)
from the past year. A stock selling for $20, with earnings of $2 per share, has
a price/earnings ratio of 10.
PRINCIPAL
The amount of your own money you put into an investment.
SECURITIES
Stocks, bonds, and other investment vehicles.
TOTAL RETURN
A percentage change, over a specified time period, in a mutual fund's net asset
value, with the ending net asset value adjusted to account for the reinvestment
of all distributions of dividends and capital gains.
VOLATILITY
The fluctuations in value of a mutual fund or other security. The greater a
fund's volatility, the wider the fluctuations between its high and low prices.
YIELD
Income (interest or dividends) earned by an investment, expressed as a
percentage of the investment's price.
<PAGE> 70
[THE VANGUARD GROUP SHIP LOGO]
Institutional Division
Post Office Box 2900
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2900
FOR MORE INFORMATION
If you'd like more information about Vanguard International Growth Fund, the
following documents are available free upon request:
ANNUAL/SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO SHAREHOLDERS
Additional information about the Fund's investments is available in the Fund's
annual and semiannual reports to shareholders. In these reports, you will find a
discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly
affected the Fund's performance during its most recent fiscal year.
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (SAI)
The SAI provides more detailed information about the Fund.
The current annual and semiannual reports and the SAI are incorporated by
reference into (and are thus legally a part of) this prospectus.
To receive a free copy of the latest annual or semiannual report or the SAI, or
to request additional information about the Fund or other Vanguard funds, please
contact us as follows:
THE VANGUARD GROUP
PARTICIPANT SERVICES CENTER
P.O. BOX 2900
VALLEY FORGE, PA 19482-2900
TELEPHONE:
1-800-523-1188
TEXT TELEPHONE:
1-800-523-8004
WORLD WIDE WEB
WWW.VANGUARD.COM
E-MAIL:
[email protected]
INFORMATION PROVIDED BY THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (SEC)
You can review and copy information about the Fund (including the SAI) at the
SEC's Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. To find out more about this
public service, call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Reports and other information
about the Fund are also available on the SEC's website (www.sec.gov), or you can
receive copies of this information, for a fee, by writing the Public Reference
Section, Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, DC 20549-6009.
Fund's Investment Company Act
file number: 811-1027
(C) 1998 Vanguard Marketing
Corporation, Distributor.
All rights reserved.
I081N - 12/29/1998
<PAGE> 71
PART B
VANGUARD WORLD FUND
(THE "TRUST")
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
DECEMBER 29, 1998
This Statement is not a prospectus but should be read in conjunction with
the Trust's current Prospectuses (dated December 29, 1998). To obtain the
Prospectuses please call:
INVESTOR INFORMATION DEPARTMENT
1-800-662-7447
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
----
<S> <C>
Description of the Trust.................................... B-1
Investment Policies......................................... B-3
Yield and Total Return...................................... B-8
Share Price................................................. B-8
Purchase of Shares.......................................... B-9
Redemption of Shares........................................ B-9
Dividends, Capital Gains and Taxes.......................... B-10
Fundamental Investment Limitations.......................... B-10
Management of the Trust..................................... B-12
Investment Advisory Services................................ B-15
Portfolio Transactions...................................... B-18
Financial Statements........................................ B-19
Performance Measures........................................ B-19
</TABLE>
DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST
ORGANIZATION
The Trust was organized as Ivest Fund, a Massachusetts corporation, in 1959
before becoming a Maryland corporation in 1973, and was reorganized as a
Delaware business trust in June 1998. Prior to its reorganization as a Delaware
business trust, the Trust was known as Vanguard World Fund, Inc. The Trust is
registered with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission under the
Investment Company Act of 1940 (the "1940 Act") as an open-end diversified
management investment company. It currently offers the following fund and
classes of shares:
Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund
Vanguard International Growth Fund
The Funds have the ability to offer additional funds or classes of shares. There
is no limit on the number of full and fractional shares that the Trust may issue
for a single fund or class of shares.
SERVICE PROVIDERS
CUSTODIAN. State Street Bank and Trust Company, 225 Franklin Street,
Boston, Massachusetts 02110 (for the U.S. Growth Fund), and The Chase Manhattan
Bank, N.A., 4 Chase MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, New York 11245 (for the
International Growth Fund), serve as the custodians. The custodians are
responsible for maintaining the Funds' assets and keeping all necessary accounts
and records.
B-1
<PAGE> 72
INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANT. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 30 South 17th
Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103, serves as the Trust's independent
public accountant. The accountant audits the Trust's financial statements and
provides other related services.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TRUST'S SHARES
RESTRICTIONS ON HOLDING OR DISPOSING OF SHARES. There are no restrictions
on the right of shareholders to retain or dispose of the Trust's shares, other
than the possible future termination of the Trust or any of its series. The
Trust or any of its series may be terminated by reorganization into another
mutual fund or by liquidation and distribution of the assets of the affected
series. Unless terminated by reorganization or liquidation, the Trust and its
series will continue indefinitely.
SHAREHOLDER LIABILITY. The Trust is organized under Delaware law, which
provides that shareholders of a business trust are entitled to the same
limitations of personal liability as shareholders of a corporation organized
under Delaware law. Effectively, this means that a shareholder of the Trust will
not be personally liable for payment of the Trust's debts except by reason of
his or her own conduct or acts. In addition, a shareholder could incur a
financial loss on account of a Trust obligation only if the Trust itself had no
remaining assets with which to meet such obligation. We believe that the
possibility of such a situation arising is extremely remote.
DIVIDEND RIGHTS. The shareholders of a series are entitled to receive any
dividends or other distributions declared for such series. No shares have
priority or preference over any other shares of the same series with respect to
distributions. Distributions will be made from the assets of a series, and will
be paid ratably to all shareholders of the series (or class) according to the
number of shares of such series (or class) held by shareholders on the record
date. The amount of income dividends per share may vary between separate share
classes of the same series based upon differences in the way that expenses are
allocated between share classes pursuant to a multiple class plan.
VOTING RIGHTS. Shareholders are entitled to vote on a matter if: (i) a
shareholder vote is required under the 1940 Act; (ii) the matter concerns an
amendment to the Declaration of Trust that would adversely affect to a material
degree the rights and preferences of the shares of any class or series; or (iii)
the Trustees determine that it is necessary or desirable to obtain a shareholder
vote. The 1940 Act requires a shareholder vote under various circumstances,
including to elect or remove Trustees upon the written request of shareholders
representing 10% or more of the Trust's net assets, and to change any
fundamental policy of the Trust. Shareholders of the Trust receive one vote for
each dollar of net asset value owned on the record date, and a fractional vote
for each fractional dollar of net asset value owned on the record date. However,
only the series of shares affected by a particular matter are entitled to vote
on that matter. Voting rights are non-cumulative and cannot be modified without
a majority vote of shareholders.
LIQUIDATION RIGHTS. In the event of liquidation, shareholders will be
entitled to receive a pro rata share of the net assets of the applicable series
of the Trust.
PREEMPTIVE RIGHTS. There are no preemptive rights associated with the
Trust.
CONVERSION RIGHTS. There are no conversion rights associated with the
Trust.
REDEMPTION PROVISIONS. The Trust's redemption provisions are described in
its current prospectus and elsewhere in this Statement of Additional
Information.
SINKING FUND PROVISIONS. The Trust has no sinking fund provisions.
CALLS OR ASSESSMENT. The Trust's shares are fully paid and non-assessable.
TAX STATUS OF THE TRUST
Each series of the Trust qualifies as a "regulated investment company"
under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code. This special tax status means
that a series will not be liable for federal tax on
B-2
<PAGE> 73
income and capital gains distributed to shareholders. In order to preserve its
tax status, each series of the Trust must comply with certain requirements. If a
series fails to meet these requirements in any taxable year, it will be subject
to tax on its taxable income at corporate rates, and all distributions from
earnings and profits, including any distributions of net tax-exempt income and
net long-term capital gains, will be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income.
In addition, the series could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay
substantial taxes and interest, and make substantial distributions before
regaining its tax status as a regulated investment company.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
The following policies supplement the Trust's investment policies set forth
in the Prospectus for each of the Trust's Funds.
FUTURES CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS. Each Fund may enter into stock futures
contracts, options, and options on futures contracts for the following reasons:
to maintain cash reserves while simulating full investment, to facilitate
trading, to reduce transaction costs, or to seek higher investment returns when
a futures contract is priced more attractively than the underlying equity
security or index. Futures contracts provide for the future sale by one party
and purchase by another party of a specified amount of a specific security at a
specified future time and at a specified price. Futures contracts which are
standardized as to maturity date and underlying financial instrument are traded
on national futures exchanges. Futures exchanges and trading are regulated under
the Commodity Exchange Act by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC"),
a U.S. Government Agency. Assets committed to futures contracts will be
segregated to the extent required by law.
Although futures contracts by their terms call for actual delivery or
acceptance of the underlying securities, in most cases the contracts are closed
out before the settlement date without the making or taking of delivery. Closing
out an open futures position is done by taking an opposite position ("buying" a
contract which has previously been "sold," "selling" a contract previously
purchased) in an identical contract to terminate the position. Brokerage
commissions are incurred when a futures contract is bought or sold.
Futures traders are required to make a good faith margin deposit in cash or
government securities with a broker or custodian to initiate and maintain open
positions in futures contracts. A margin deposit is intended to assure
completion of the contract (delivery or acceptance of the underlying security)
if it is not terminated prior to the specified delivery date. Minimal initial
margin requirements are established by the futures exchange and may be changed.
Brokers may establish deposit requirements which are higher than the exchange
minimums. Futures contracts are customarily purchased and sold on margin that
may range upward from less than 5% of the value of the contract being traded.
After a futures contract position is opened, the value of the contract is
marked to market daily. If the futures contract price changes to the extent that
the margin on deposit does not satisfy margin requirements, payment of
additional "variation" margin will be required. Conversely, change in the
contract value may reduce the required margin, resulting in a repayment of
excess margin to the contract holder. Variation margin payments are made to and
from the futures broker for as long as the contract remains open. Each Fund
expects to earn interest income on its margin deposits.
Traders in futures contracts may be broadly classified as either "hedgers"
or "speculators." Hedgers use the futures markets primarily to offset
unfavorable changes in the value of securities otherwise held for investment
purposes or expected to be acquired by them. Speculators are less inclined to
own the securities underlying the futures contracts which they trade, and use
futures contracts with the expectation of realizing profits from fluctuations in
the market value of the underlying securities. Each Fund intends to use futures
contracts only for bona fide hedging purposes.
Regulations of the CFTC applicable to the Trust require that all of its
futures transactions constitute bona fide hedging transactions except to the
extent that the aggregate initial margins and premiums required to establish any
non-hedging positions do not exceed five percent of the value of the Fund's
B-3
<PAGE> 74
portfolio. Each Fund will only sell futures contracts to protect securities it
owns against price declines or purchase contracts to protect against an increase
in the price of securities it intends to purchase. As evidence of this hedging
interest, each Fund expects that approximately 75% of its futures contract
purchases will be "completed"; that is, equivalent amounts of related securities
will have been purchased or are being purchased by each Fund upon sale of open
futures contracts.
Although techniques other than the sale and purchase of futures contracts
could be used to control the exposure of a Fund's income to fluctuations in the
market value of the underlying securities, the use of futures contracts may be a
more effective means of hedging this exposure. While the Funds will incur
commission expenses in both opening and closing out futures positions, these
costs are lower than transaction costs incurred in the purchase and sale of
portfolio securities.
RESTRICTIONS ON THE USE OF FUTURES CONTRACTS. Each Fund will not enter
into futures contract transactions to the extent that, immediately thereafter,
the sum of its initial margin deposits on open contracts exceeds 5% of the
Fund's total assets. In addition, each Fund will not enter into futures
contracts to the extent that its outstanding obligations to purchase securities
under these contracts would exceed 20% of the Fund's total assets.
RISK FACTORS IN FUTURES TRANSACTIONS. Positions in futures contracts may
be closed out only on an exchange which provides a secondary market for such
futures. However, there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will
exist for any particular futures contract at any specific time. Thus, it may not
be possible to close a futures position. In the event of adverse price
movements, each Fund would continue to be required to make daily cash payments
to maintain its required margin. In such situations, if the Fund has
insufficient cash, it may have to sell portfolio securities to meet daily margin
requirements at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. In addition,
each Fund may be required to make delivery of the instruments underlying futures
contracts it holds. The inability to close options and futures positions also
could have an adverse impact on the ability to effectively hedge. Each Fund will
minimize the risk that it will be unable to close out a futures contract by only
entering into futures contracts which are traded on national futures exchanges
and for which there appears to be a liquid secondary market.
The risk of loss in trading futures contracts in some strategies can be
substantial, due both to the low margin deposits required, and the extremely
high degree of leverage involved in futures pricing. As a result, a relatively
small price movement in a futures contract may result in immediate and
substantial loss (as well as gain) to the investor. For example, if, at the time
of purchase, 10% of the value of the futures contract is deposited as margin, a
subsequent 10% decrease in the value of the futures contract would result in a
total loss of the margin deposit, before any deduction for the transaction
costs, if the account were then closed out. A 15% decrease would result in a
loss equal to 150% of the original margin deposit if the contract were closed
out. Thus, a purchase or sale of a futures contract may result in losses in
excess of the amount invested in the contract. However, because the futures
strategies of each Fund are engaged in only for hedging purposes, the investment
advisers do not believe that the Funds are subject to the risks of loss
frequently associated with futures transactions. Each Fund would presumably have
sustained comparable losses if, instead of the futures contract, it had invested
in the underlying financial instrument and sold it after the decline.
Utilization of futures transactions by a Fund does involve the risk of
imperfect or no correlation where the securities underlying futures contracts
have different maturities than the portfolio securities being hedged. It is also
possible that a Fund could both lose money on futures contracts and experience a
decline in the value of its portfolio securities. There is also the risk of loss
by a Fund of margin deposits in the event of bankruptcy of a broker with whom
the Fund has an open position in a futures contract or related option.
Most futures exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures
contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the
maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down
from the previous day's settlement price at the end of a trading session. Once
the daily limit has been reached in a particular type of contract, no trades may
be made on that day
B-4
<PAGE> 75
at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movement during
a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses, because
the limit may prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. Futures contract
prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive
trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of
future positions and subjecting some futures traders to substantial losses.
FEDERAL TAX TREATMENT OF FUTURES CONTRACTS. Except for transactions each
Fund has identified as hedging transactions, each Fund is required for federal
income tax purposes to recognize as income for each taxable year its net
unrealized gains and losses on futures contracts held as of the end of the year
as well as those actually realized during the year. In most cases, any gain or
loss recognized with respect to a futures contract is considered to be 60%
long-term capital gain or loss and 40% short-term capital gain or loss, without
regard to the holding period of the contract. Furthermore, sales of futures
contracts which are intended to hedge against a change in the value of
securities held by each Fund may affect the holding period of such securities
and, consequently, the nature of the gain or loss on such securities upon
disposition. The Funds may be required to defer the recognition of losses on
futures contracts to the extent of any unrecognized gains on related positions
held by the Funds.
In order for each Fund to continue to qualify for federal income tax
treatment as a regulated investment company, at least 90% of its gross income
for a taxable year must be derived from qualifying income; i.e., dividends,
interest, income derived from loans of securities, and gains from the sale of
securities or foreign currencies, or other income derived with respect to its
business of investing in such stock, securities, or currencies. It is
anticipated that any net gain realized from the closing out of futures contracts
will be considered gain from the sale of securities and therefore be qualifying
income for purposes of the 90% requirement.
Each Fund will distribute to shareholders annually any net capital gains
which have been recognized for federal income tax purposes (including unrealized
gains at the end of the Fund's fiscal year) on futures transactions. Such
distributions will be combined with distributions of capital gains realized on
the Fund's other investments and shareholders will be advised on the nature of
the payments.
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS. Vanguard International Growth Fund seeks to diversify
its assets among various foreign stock markets and, with respect to 65% of its
gross assets, will invest in the securities of at least three different
countries. Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund may invest up to 20% of its assets in
securities of foreign companies. Investors should recognize that investing in
foreign companies involves certain special considerations which are not
typically associated with investing in U.S. companies.
CURRENCY RISK. Since the stocks of foreign companies are frequently
denominated in foreign currencies, and since the Funds may temporarily hold
uninvested reserves in bank deposits in foreign currencies, the Funds will be
affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in currency rates and in exchange
control regulations, and may incur costs in connection with conversions between
various currencies. The investment policies of Vanguard International Growth
Fund permit it to enter into forward foreign currency exchange contracts in
order to hedge the Fund's holdings and commitments against changes in the level
of future currency rates. Such contracts involve an obligation to purchase or
sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the
contract.
FEDERAL TAX TREATMENT OF NON-U.S. TRANSACTIONS. Special rules govern the
Federal income tax treatment of certain transactions denominated in terms of a
currency other than the U.S. dollar or determined by reference to the value of
one or more currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The types of transactions
covered by the special rules include the following: (i) the acquisition of, or
becoming the obligor under, a bond or other debt instrument (including, to the
extent provided in Treasury regulations, preferred stock); (ii) the accruing of
certain trade receivables and payables; and (iii) the entering into or
acquisition of any forward contract, futures contract, option and similar
financial instrument if such instrument is not marked to market. The disposition
of a currency other than the U.S. dollar by a U.S. taxpayer is also treated as a
transaction subject to the special currency rules. However, foreign
currency-related regulated futures contracts and nonequity options are generally
not subject to the special currency rules if they are or would be treated as
sold for their fair market value at year-end under the marking-to-market rules
applicable to other
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futures contracts unless an election is made to have such currency rules apply.
With respect to transactions covered by the special rules, foreign currency gain
or loss is calculated separately from any gain or loss on the underlying
transaction and is normally taxable as ordinary gain or loss. A taxpayer may
elect to treat as capital gain or loss foreign currency gain or loss arising
from certain identified forward contracts, futures contracts and options that
are capital assets in the hands of the taxpayer and which are not part of a
straddle. The Treasury Department issued regulations under which certain
transactions subject to the special currency rules that are part of a "section
988 hedging transaction" (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended, and the Treasury regulations) will be integrated and treated as a
single transaction or otherwise treated consistently for purposes of the Code.
Any gain or loss attributable to the foreign currency component of a transaction
engaged in by a Fund which is not subject to the special currency rules (such as
foreign equity investments other than certain preferred stocks) will be treated
as capital gain or loss and will not be segregated from the gain or loss on the
underlying transaction. It is anticipated that some of the non-U.S.
dollar-denominated investments and foreign currency contracts Vanguard
International Growth Fund may make or enter into will be subject to the special
currency rules described above.
COUNTRY RISK. As foreign companies are not generally subject to uniform
accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices comparable
to those applicable to domestic companies, there may be less publicly available
information about certain foreign companies than about domestic companies.
Securities of some foreign companies are generally less liquid and more volatile
than securities of comparable domestic companies. There is generally less
government supervision and regulation of stock exchanges, brokers and listed
companies than in the U.S. In addition, with respect to certain foreign
countries, there is the possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation,
political or social instability, or diplomatic developments which could affect
U.S. investments in those countries.
Although the Funds will endeavor to achieve most favorable execution costs
in their portfolio transactions, fixed commissions on many foreign stock
exchanges are generally higher than negotiated commissions on U.S. exchanges. In
addition, it is expected that the expenses for custodian arrangements of the
Funds' foreign securities will be somewhat greater than the expenses for the
custodian arrangements for handling U.S. securities of equal value.
Certain foreign governments levy withholding taxes against dividend and
interest income. Although in some countries a portion of these taxes is
recoverable, the non-recovered portion of foreign withholding taxes will reduce
the income received from foreign companies held by the Funds. However, these
foreign withholding taxes are not expected to have a significant impact on the
Funds, since each Fund seeks long-term capital appreciation and any income
should be considered incidental.
TURNOVER RATE. While the turnover rate is not a limiting factor when
management deems changes appropriate, it is anticipated that the annual turnover
rate for each Fund will not normally exceed 100%. A rate of turnover of 100%
could occur, for example, if all of the securities held by a Fund are replaced
within a period of one year. The portfolio turnover rate for each Fund for each
of the fiscal years presented is set forth under "Financial Highlights," in each
Fund's Prospectus.
ILLIQUID SECURITIES. Each Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in
illiquid securities. Illiquid securities are securities that may not be sold or
disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven business days at
approximately the value at which they are being carried on the Fund's books.
Each Fund may invest in restricted, privately placed securities that, under
SEC rules, may be sold only to qualified institutional buyers. Because these
securities can be resold only to qualified institutional buyers, they may be
considered illiquid securities -- meaning that they could be difficult for the
Fund to convert to cash if needed.
If a substantial market develops for a restricted security held by the
Fund, it will be treated as a liquid security, in accordance with procedures and
guidelines approved by the Fund's Board of Trustees. While the Fund's investment
adviser determines the liquidity of restricted securities on a daily basis, the
Board oversees and retains ultimate responsibility for the adviser's decisions.
Several factors the Board
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considers in monitoring these decisions include the valuation of a security, the
availability of qualified institutional buyers, and the availability of
information on the security's issuer.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS. Each Fund along with other members of the Vanguard
Group may invest in repurchase agreements with commercial banks, brokers or
dealers either for defensive purposes due to market conditions or to generate
income from its excess cash balances. A repurchase agreement is an agreement
under which the Fund acquires a money market instrument (generally a security
issued by the U.S. Government or an agency thereof, a banker's acceptance or a
certificate of deposit) from a commercial bank, broker or dealer, subject to
resale to the seller at an agreed upon price and date (normally, the next
business day). A repurchase agreement may be considered a loan collateralized by
securities. The resale price reflects an agreed upon interest rate effective for
the period the instrument is held by the Fund and is unrelated to the interest
rate on the underlying instrument. In these transactions, the securities
acquired by the Fund (including accrued interest earned thereon) must have a
total value in excess of the value of the repurchase agreement and are held by a
custodian bank until repurchased. In addition, the Trust's Board of Trustees
monitors repurchase agreement transactions generally and has established
guidelines and standards for review by the investment adviser of the
creditworthiness of any bank, broker or dealer party to a repurchase agreement.
LENDING OF SECURITIES. Each Fund may lend its investment securities to
qualified institutional investors (typically brokers, dealers, banks, or other
financial institutions) who need to borrow securities in order to complete
certain transactions, such as covering short sales, avoiding failures to deliver
securities or completing arbitrage operations. By lending its investment
securities, a Fund attempts to increase its net investment income through the
receipt of interest on the loan. Any gain or loss in the market price of the
securities loaned that might occur during the term of the loan would be for the
account of the Fund. The terms and the structure and the aggregate amount of
such loans must be consistent with the Investment Company Act of 1940, and the
Rules and Regulations or interpretations of the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the "Commission") thereunder. These provisions limit the amount of
securities a fund may lend to 33 1/3% of the Fund's total assets, and require
that (a) the borrower pledge and maintain with the Fund collateral consisting of
cash, an irrevocable letter of credit or securities issued or guaranteed by the
1 United States Government having at all times not less than 100% of the value
of the securities loaned, (b) the borrower add to such collateral whenever the
price of the securities loaned rises (i.e., the borrower "marks to the market"
on a daily basis), (c) the loan be made subject to termination by the Fund at
any time, and (d) the Fund receive reasonable interest on the loan (which may
include the Fund's investing any cash collateral in interest bearing short-term
investments), any distribution on the loaned securities and any increase in
their market value. Loan arrangements made by each Fund will comply with all
other applicable regulatory requirements, including the rules of the New York
Stock Exchange, which presently require the borrower, after notice, to redeliver
the securities within the normal settlement time of three business days. All
relevant facts and circumstances, including the creditworthiness of the broker,
dealer or institution, will be considered in making decisions with respect to
the lending of securities, subject to review by the Trust's Board of Trustees.
At the present time, the Staff of the Commission does not object if an
investment company pays reasonable negotiated fees in connection with loaned
securities, so long as such fees are set forth in a written contract and
approved by the investment company's Trustees. In addition, voting rights pass
with the loaned securities, but if a material event will occur affecting an
investment on loan, the loan must be called and the securities voted.
VANGUARD INTERFUND LENDING PROGRAM. The SEC has issued an exemptive order
permitting the Funds to participate in Vanguard's interfund lending program.
This program allows the Vanguard funds to borrow money from and loan money to
each other for temporary or emergency purposes. The program is subject to a
number of conditions, including the requirement that no fund may borrow or lend
money through the program unless it receives a more favorable interest rate than
is available from a typical bank for a comparable transaction. In addition, a
fund may participate in the program only if and to the extent that such
participation is consistent with the fund's investment objective and other
investment
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policies. The Boards of Trustees of the Vanguard funds are responsible for
ensuring that the interfund lending program operates in compliance with all
conditions of the SEC's exemptive order.
YIELD AND TOTAL RETURN
The yield of Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund for the 30-day period ended August
31, 1998, was --%.
The average annual total return of each Fund of the Trust for certain
periods ended August 31, 1998, is set forth below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1 YEAR ENDED 5 YEARS ENDED 10 YEARS ENDED
8/31/1998 8/31/1998 8/31/1998
------------ ------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund........... + --% + --% + --%
Vanguard International Growth
Fund.............................. + --% + --% + --%
</TABLE>
Total return is computed by determining the average compounded rates of
return over the periods set forth above that would equate an initial amount
invested at the beginning of the periods to the ending redeemable value of the
investment.
SHARE PRICE
Each Fund's share price, or "net asset value" per share, is calculated by
dividing the total assets of each Fund, less all liabilities, by the total
number of shares outstanding. The net asset value is determined as of the close
of the New York Stock Exchange (the "Exchange") generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time
on each day the exchange is open for trading.
Portfolio securities for which market quotations are readily available
(includes those securities listed on national securities exchanges, as well as
those quoted on the NASDAQ Stock Market) will be valued at the last quoted sales
price on the day the valuation is made. Such securities which are not traded on
the valuation date are valued at the mean of the bid and ask prices. Price
information on exchange-listed securities is taken from the exchange where the
security is primarily traded. Securities may be valued on the basis of prices
provided by a pricing service when such prices are believed to reflect the fair
market value of such securities.
Short-term instruments (those acquired with remaining maturities of 60 days
or less) may be valued at cost, plus or minus any amortized discount or premium,
which approximates market value.
Bonds and other fixed income securities may be valued on the basis of
prices provided by a pricing service when such prices are believed to reflect
the fair market value of such securities. The prices provided by a pricing
service may be determined without regard to bid or last sale prices of each
security, but take into account institutional-size transactions in similar
groups of securities as well as any developments related to specific securities.
Foreign securities are valued at the last quoted sales price, according to
the broadest and most representative market, available at the time each Fund is
valued. If events which materially affect the value of each Fund's investments
occur after the close of the securities markets on which such securities are
primarily traded, those investments may be valued by such methods as the Board
of Trustees deems in good faith to reflect fair value.
In determining each Fund's net asset value per share, all assets and
liabilities initially expressed in foreign currencies will be converted into
U.S. dollars using the officially quoted daily exchange rates used by Morgan
Stanley Capital International in calculating various benchmarking indices. This
officially quoted exchange rate may be determined prior to or after the close of
a particular securities market. If such quotations are not available, the rate
of exchange will be determined in accordance with policies established in good
faith by the Board of Trustees.
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Other assets and securities for which no quotations are readily available
or which are restricted as to sale (or resale) are valued by such methods as the
Board of Trustees deems in good faith to reflect fair value.
The share price for each Fund can be found daily in the mutual fund
listings of most major newspapers under the heading of Vanguard Funds.
PURCHASE OF SHARES
The purchase price of shares of the Trust is the net asset value per share
next determined after the order is received. The net asset value per share is
calculated as of the close of the New York Stock Exchange on each day the
Exchange is open for business. An order received prior to the close of the
Exchange will be executed at the price computed on the date of receipt; and an
order received after the close of the Exchange will be executed at the price
computed on the next day the Exchange is open.
Each Fund reserves the right in its sole discretion (i) to suspend the
offering of its shares, (ii) to reject purchase orders when in the judgment of
management such rejection is in the best interest of the Trust, and (iii) to
reduce or waive the minimum investment for or any other restrictions on initial
and subsequent investments for certain fiduciary accounts such as employee
benefit plans or under circumstances where certain economies can be achieved in
sales of a Trust's shares.
TRADING SHARES THROUGH CHARLES SCHWAB
Each Fund has authorized Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. ("Schwab") to accept on
its behalf purchase and redemption orders under certain terms and conditions.
Schwab is also authorized to designate other intermediaries to accept purchase
and redemption orders on each Fund's behalf subject to those terms and
conditions. Under this arrangement, the Fund will be deemed to have received a
purchase or redemption order when Schwab or, if applicable, Schwab's authorized
designee, accepts the order in accordance with each Fund's instructions.
Customer orders that are properly transmitted to each Fund by Schwab, or if
applicable, Schwab's authorized designee, will be priced as follows:
Orders received by Schwab before 3 p.m. Eastern time on any business day,
will be sent to Vanguard that day and your share price will be based on the
Fund's net asset value calculated at the close of trading that day. Orders
received by Schwab after 3 p.m. Eastern time, will be sent to Vanguard on the
following business day and your share price will be based on the Fund's net
asset value calculated at the close of trading that day.
REDEMPTION OF SHARES
The Trust may suspend redemption privileges or postpone the date of payment
(i) during any period that the New York Stock Exchange is closed, or trading on
the Exchange is restricted as determined by the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the "Commission"), (ii) during any period when an emergency exists
as defined by the rules of the Commission as a result of which it is not
reasonably practicable for a Fund to dispose of securities owned by it, or
fairly to determine the value of its assets, and (iii) for such other periods as
the Commission may permit.
No charge is made by a Fund for redemptions. Any redemption may be more or
less than the shareholder's cost depending on the market value of the securities
held by the Fund.
If the Board of Trustees determines that it would be detrimental to the
best interests of the remaining shareholders of a Fund to make payment wholly or
partly in cash, a Fund may pay the redemption price in whole or in part by a
distribution in kind of readily marketable securities held by the Fund in lieu
of cash in conformity with applicable rules of the Commission. Investors may
incur brokerage charges on the sale of such securities so received in payment of
redemptions.
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SIGNATURE GUARANTEES. To protect your account, the Funds and Vanguard from
fraud, signature guarantees are required for certain redemptions. Signature
guarantees enable the Funds to verify the identity of a person who has
authorized a redemption from your account. Signature guarantees are required in
connection with: (1) all redemptions, regardless of the amount involved, when
the proceeds are to be paid to someone other than the registered owner(s); and
(2) share transfer requests. These requirements are not applicable to
redemptions in Vanguard's prototype plans except in connection with: (1)
distributions made when the proceeds are to be paid to someone other than the
plan participant; (2) certain authorizations to effect exchanges by telephone;
and (3) when proceeds are to be wired. These requirements may be waived by the
Funds in certain instances.
Signature guarantees can be obtained from a bank, broker or any other
guarantor that Vanguard deems acceptable. Notaries public are not acceptable
guarantors.
The signature guarantees must appear either: (1) on the written request for
redemption; (2) on a separate instrument for assignment ("stock power") which
should specify the total number of shares to be redeemed; or (3) on all stock
certificates tendered for redemption and, if shares held by the Fund are also
being redeemed, on the letter or stock power.
DIVIDENDS, CAPITAL GAINS AND TAXES
The Funds' policy is to distribute annually substantially all of its net
investment income from each Fund, if any, together with any net realized capital
gains, after the close of the Funds' fiscal year. Any dividend or capital gains
distribution paid shortly after the purchase of shares by an investor may have
the effect of reducing the per share net asset value by the per share amount of
the dividend or distribution. Furthermore, such dividends or distributions,
although in effect a return of capital, are subject to income taxes.
Unless the shareholder elects otherwise, dividends and capital gain
distributions are paid in additional shares which are credited to the
shareholder's account. Any dividend and distribution election will remain in
effect until the Funds' Transfer Agent is notified by the shareholder in writing
or by calling Customer Service to change the election at least three days prior
to the record date. An account statement is sent to shareholders whenever an
income dividend or capital gains distribution is paid.
FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS
Each Fund of the Trust is subject to the following fundamental investment
limitations, which cannot be changed in any material way without the approval of
the holders of a majority of the affected a fund's shares. For these purposes, a
"majority" of shares means shares representing the lesser of: (i) 67% or more of
the fund's net asset value, so long as shares representing more than 50% of the
series' net assets value are present or represented by proxy; or (ii) more than
50% of the fund's net asset value.
BORROWING. Each Fund may not borrow money, except for temporary or
emergency purposes in an amount not exceeding 15% of the Fund's net assets. Each
Fund may borrow money through banks, or Vanguard's interfund lending program
only, and must comply with all applicable regulatory conditions. Each Fund may
not make any additional investments whenever its outstanding borrowings exceed
5% of net assets.
COMMODITIES. Each Fund may not invest in commodities, except that each
Fund may invest in stock futures contracts, stock options, and options on stock
futures contracts and, in the case of the International Growth Fund, foreign
currency futures contracts and options. No more than 5% of a Fund's total assets
may be used as initial margin deposit for futures contracts, and no more than
20% of the Fund's total assets may be invested in futures contracts or options
at any time.
DIVERSIFICATION. With respect to 75% of its total assets, each Fund may
not: (i) purchase more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one
issuer, or (ii) purchase securities of any issuer if, as a result, more than 5%
of the Fund's total assets would be invested in that issuer's securities. This
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<PAGE> 81
limitation does not apply to obligations of the United States Government, its
agencies, or instrumentalities.
ILLIQUID SECURITIES. Each Fund may not acquire any security if, as a
result, more than 15% of its net assets would be invested in securities that are
illiquid.
INDUSTRY CONCENTRATION. Each Fund may not invest more than 25% of its
total assets in any one industry.
INVESTING FOR CONTROL. Each Fund may not invest in a company for the
purpose of controlling its management.
INVESTMENT COMPANIES. Each Fund may not invest in any other investment
company, except through a merger, consolidation or acquisition of assets, or to
the extent permitted by Section 12 of the 1940 Act. Investment companies whose
shares the Fund acquires pursuant to Section 12 must have investment objectives
and investment policies consistent with those of the Fund.
LOANS. Each Fund may not lend money to any person except by purchasing
fixed income securities that are publicly distributed, lending its portfolio
securities, or through Vanguard's interfund lending program.
MARGIN. Each Fund may not purchase securities on margin or sell securities
short, except as permitted by the Funds' investment policies relating to
commodities.
PLEDGING ASSETS. Each Fund may not pledge, mortgage or hypothecate more
than 15% of its net assets.
REAL ESTATE. Each Fund may not invest directly in real estate, although it
may invest in securities of companies that deal in real estate and bonds secured
by real estate.
SENIOR SECURITIES. Each Fund may not issue senior securities, except in
compliance with the 1940 Act.
UNDERWRITING. Each Fund may not engage in the business of underwriting
securities issued by other persons. The Fund will not be considered an
underwriter when disposing of its investment securities.
None of these limitations prevents the Trust from participating in The
Vanguard Group ("Vanguard"). As a member of Vanguard, each Fund may own
securities issued by Vanguard, make loans to Vanguard, and contribute to
Vanguard's costs or other financial requirements. See -- for more information.
The investment limitations set forth above are considered at the time
investment securities are purchased. If a percentage restriction is adhered to
at the time the investment is made, a later increase in percentage resulting
from a change in the market value of assets will not constitute a violation of
such restriction.
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MANAGEMENT OF THE TRUST
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS
The Officers of the Trust manage its day-to-day operations and are
responsible to the Trust's Board of Trustees. The Trustees set broad policies
for each Fund of the Trust and choose its Officers. The following is a list of
the Trustees and Officers of the Trust and a statement of their present
positions and principal occupations during the past five years. As a group, the
Trust's Trustees and Officers own less than 1% of the outstanding shares of each
Fund of the Trust. Each Trustee also serves as a Director of The Vanguard Group,
Inc., and as a Trustee of each of the 35 investment companies administered by
Vanguard (34 in the case of Mr. Malkiel and 28 in the case of Mr. MacLaury). The
mailing address of the Trustees and Officers of the Trust is Post Office Box
876, Valley Forge, PA 19482.
JOHN C. BOGLE, (DOB: 5/8/1929) Senior Chairman and Trustee*
Senior Chairman and Director of The Vanguard Group, Inc., and Trustee of each of
the investment companies in The Vanguard Group; Director of The Mead Corp.
(Paper Products), General Accident Insurance, and Chris-Craft Industries, Inc.
(Broadcasting & Plastics Manufacturer).
JOHN J. BRENNAN, (DOB: 7/29/1954) Chairman, Chief Executive Officer & Trustee *
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director of The Vanguard Group, Inc., and
Trustee of each of the investment companies in The Vanguard Group.
BARBARA BARNES HAUPTFUHRER, (DOB: 10/11/1928) Trustee
Director of The Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Co. (Retail Stores), IKON Office
Solutions, Inc. (Office Products), Raytheon Co. (Defense/Electronics),
Knight-Ridder, Inc. (Publishing), Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Co., and
Ladies Professional Golf Association; and Trustee Emerita of Wellesley College.
JOANN HEFFERNAN HEISEN, (DOB: 1/25/1950) Trustee
Vice President, Chief Information Officer, and member of the Executive Committee
of Johnson and Johnson (Pharmaceuticals/Consumer Products), Director of Johnson
& Johnson*MERCK Consumer Pharmaceuticals Co., Women First HealthCare, Inc.
(Research and Education Institution), Recording for the Blind and Dyslexic, The
Medical Center at Princeton, and Women's Research and Education Institute.
BRUCE K. MACLAURY, (DOB: 5/7/1931) Trustee
President Emeritus of The Brookings Institution (Independent Non-Partisan
Research Organization); Director of American Express Bank, Ltd., The St. Paul
Companies, Inc. (Insurance and Financial Services), and National Steel Corp.
BURTON G. MALKIEL, (DOB: 8/28/1932) Trustee
Chemical Bank Chairman's Professor of Economics, Princeton University; Director
of Prudential Insurance Co. of America, Banco Bilbao Gestinova, Baker Fentress &
Co. (Investment Management), The Jeffrey Co. (Holding Company), and Southern New
England Telecommunications Co.
ALFRED M. RANKIN, JR., (DOB: 10/8/1941) Trustee
Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer, and Director of NACCO Industries
(Machinery/Coal/Appliances); Director of The BFGoodrich Co. (Aircraft
Systems/Manufacturing/Chemicals), and The Standard Products Co. (Rubber Products
Company).
JOHN C. SAWHILL, (DOB: 6/12/1936) Trustee
President and Chief Executive Officer of The Nature Conservancy (Non-Profit
Conservation Group); formerly, Director and Senior Partner of McKinsey & Co.,
and President of New York University; Director of Pacific Gas and Electric Co.,
Procter & Gamble Co., NACCO Industries (Machinery/Coal/Appliances), and Newfield
Exploration Co. (Energy).
JAMES O. WELCH, JR., (DOB: 5/13/1931) Trustee
Retired Chairman of Nabisco Brands, Inc. (Food Products); retired Vice Chairman
and Director of RJR Nabisco (Food and Tobacco Products); Director of TECO
Energy, Inc., and Kmart Corp.
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J. LAWRENCE WILSON, (DOB: 3/2/1936) Trustee
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Rohm & Haas Co. (Chemicals); Director of
Cummins Engine Co. (Diesel Engine Company), and The Mead Corp. (Paper Products);
and Trustee of Vanderbilt University.
RAYMOND J. KLAPINSKY, (DOB: 12/7/1938) Secretary *
Managing Director of The Vanguard Group, Inc.; Secretary of The Vanguard Group,
Inc. and of each of the investment companies in The Vanguard Group.
THOMAS J. HIGGINS, (DOB: 5/21/1957) Treasurer *
Principal of The Vanguard Group, Inc.; Treasurer of The Vanguard Group, Inc. and
of each of the investment companies in The Vanguard Group.
KAREN E. WEST, (DOB: 9/13/1946) Controller *
Principal of The Vanguard Group, Inc.; Controller of The Vanguard Group, Inc.
and of each of the investment companies in The Vanguard Group.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Officers of the Trust are "interested persons" as defined in the Investment
Company Act of 1940.
THE VANGUARD GROUP
The Trust is a member of The Vanguard Group of Investment Companies.
Through their jointly-owned subsidiary, The Vanguard Group, Inc. ("Vanguard"),
the Trust and the other Trusts in the Vanguard Group obtain at-cost virtually
all of their corporate management, administrative and distribution services.
Vanguard also provides investment advisory services on an at-cost basis to
several of the Vanguard Trusts.
Vanguard employs a supporting staff of management and administrative
personnel needed to provide the requisite services, furnishings and equipment.
Each Trust pays its share of Vanguard's total expenses which are allocated among
the funds under methods approved by the Board of Trustees of each Trust. In
addition, each Trust bears its own direct expenses such as legal, auditing and
custodian fees. In order to generate additional revenues for Vanguard and
thereby reduce the Trusts' expenses, Vanguard also provides certain
administrative services to other organizations.
The Trust's Officers are also officers and employees of Vanguard. No
officer or employee owns, or is permitted to own, any securities of any external
adviser for the Trusts.
Vanguard adheres to a Code of Ethics established pursuant to Rule 17j-l
under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The Code is designed to prevent
unlawful practices in connection with the purchase or sale of securities by
persons associated with Vanguard. Under Vanguard's Code of Ethics certain
officers and employees of Vanguard who are considered access persons are
permitted to engage in personal securities transactions. However, such
transactions are subject to procedures and guidelines similar to, and in many
cases more restrictive than, those recommended by a blue ribbon panel of mutual
fund industry executives.
Vanguard was established and operates under an Amended and Restated Funds'
Service Agreement which was approved by the shareholders of each of the Trusts.
The amounts which each of the Trusts have invested are adjusted from time to
time in order to maintain the proportionate relationship between each Fund's
relative net assets and its contribution to Vanguard's capital. At August 31,
1998, the Trust had contributed capital of $-- to Vanguard, representing --% of
Vanguard's capitalization. The Amended and Restated Funds' Service Agreement
provides as follows: (a) each Vanguard Fund may invest up to .40% of its current
assets in Vanguard, and (b) there is no other limitation on the dollar amount
each Vanguard Fund may contribute to Vanguard's capitalization.
MANAGEMENT. Corporate management and administrative services include: (1)
executive staff; (2) accounting and financial; (3) legal and regulatory; (4)
shareholder account maintenance; (5) monitoring and control of custodian
relationships; (6) shareholder reporting; and (7) review and evaluation of
B-13
<PAGE> 84
advisory and other services provided to the Trusts by third parties. During the
fiscal year ended August 31, 1998, the Trust's allocated share of Vanguard's
actual net costs of operation relating to management and administrative services
(including transfer agency) totaled approximately $--.
DISTRIBUTION. Vanguard Marketing Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of
The Vanguard Group, Inc., provides all distribution and marketing activities for
the Trusts. The principal distribution expenses are for advertising, promotional
materials and marketing personnel. Distribution services may also include
organizing and offering to the public, from time to time, one or more new
investment companies which will become members of the Vanguard Group. The
Trustees and Officers of Vanguard determine the amount to be spent annually on
distribution activities, the manner and amount to be spent on each Trust, and
whether to organize new investment companies.
One half of the distribution expenses of a marketing and promotional nature
is allocated among the Funds based upon relative net assets. The remaining one
half of those expenses is allocated among the Funds based upon each Fund's sales
for the preceding 24 months relative to the total sales of the Trusts as a
Group, provided, however, that no Fund's aggregate quarterly rate of
contribution for distribution expenses of a marketing and promotional nature
shall exceed 125% of the average distribution expense rate for the Vanguard
Group, and that no Fund shall incur annual distribution expenses in excess of
20/100 of 1% of its average month-end net assets. During the fiscal year ended
August 31, 1998, the Trust paid approximately $-- of the Vanguard Group's
distribution and marketing expenses, which represented an effective annual rate
of --% of 1% of the Trust's average net assets.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES. Vanguard also provides investment advisory
services to several Vanguard Trusts. These services are provided on an at-cost
basis from a money management staff employed directly by Vanguard. The
compensation and other expenses of this staff are paid by the funds utilizing
these services.
TRUSTEE COMPENSATION
The individuals in the following table serve as Trustees of all Vanguard
Trusts, and each Trust pays a proportionate share of the Trustees' compensation.
The Trusts employ their officers on a shared basis, as well. However, officers
are compensated by The Vanguard Group, Inc., not the Trusts.
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES. The Trusts compensate their independent
Trustees -- that is, the ones who are not also officers of the Trust -- in three
ways:
- The independent Trustees receive an annual fee for their service to the
Trusts, which is subject to reduction based on absences from scheduled
Board meetings.
- The independent Trustees are reimbursed for the travel and other expenses
that they incur in attending Board meetings.
- Upon retirement, the independent Trustees receive an aggregate annual fee
of $1,000 for each year served on the Board, up to fifteen years of
service. This annual fee is paid for ten years following retirement, or
until each Trustee's death.
"INTERESTED" TRUSTEES. The Trusts' interested Trustees -- Messrs. Bogle
and Brennan -- receive no compensation for their service in that capacity.
However, they are paid in their role as officers of The Vanguard Group, Inc.
COMPENSATION TABLE. The following table provides compensation details for
each of the Trustees. For the Trust, we list the amounts paid as compensation
and accrued as retirement benefits by the Trust for each Trustee. In addition,
the table shows the total amount of benefits that we expect each Trustee to
B-14
<PAGE> 85
receive from all Vanguard Trusts upon retirement, and the total amount of
compensation paid to each Trustee by all Vanguard Trusts. All information shown
is for the fiscal year ended August 31, 1998.
TRUSTEES COMPENSATION TABLE
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AGGREGATE PENSION OR RETIREMENT ESTIMATED TOTAL COMPENSATION
COMPENSATION BENEFITS ACCRUED AS ANNUAL BENEFITS FROM ALL VANGUARD TRUSTS
NAME OF TRUSTEES FROM TRUST PART OF TRUST EXPENSES UPON RETIREMENT PAID TO TRUSTEES(1)
---------------- ------------ ---------------------- --------------- ------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
John C. Bogle............... -- -- -- --
John J. Brennan............. -- -- -- --
Barbara Barnes
Hauptfuhrer............... $3,990 $540 $15,000 $75,000
JoAnn Heffernan Heisen...... $ 665 $235 $15,000 $12,500
Robert E. Cawthorn(2)....... $2,992 $360 $ 6,000 $56,250
Bruce K. MacLaury........... $4,175 $402 $12,000 $70,000
Burton G. Malkiel........... $4,017 $388 $15,000 $75,000
Alfred M. Rankin, Jr. ...... $3,990 $284 $15,000 $75,000
John C. Sawhill............. $3,990 $360 $15,000 $75,000
James O. Welch, Jr. ........ $3,990 $415 $15,000 $75,000
J. Lawrence Wilson.......... $3,990 $300 $15,000 $75,000
</TABLE>
(1) The amounts reported in this column reflect the total compensation paid to
each Trustee for his or her service as Trustee of 35 Vanguard Trusts (34 in
the case of Mr. Malkiel; 28 in the case of Mr. MacLaury).
(2) Mr. Cawthorn has retired from the Trust's Board, effective May 31, 1998.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
VANGUARD U.S. GROWTH FUND INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT
The Trust entered into an investment advisory agreement with Lincoln
Capital Management Company (Lincoln), under which Lincoln manages the investment
and reinvestment of the assets included in Vanguard's U.S. Growth Fund and
continuously reviews, supervises and administers the Fund. Lincoln will invest
or reinvest such assets primarily in U.S. securities. Lincoln discharges its
responsibilities subject to the control of the Officers and Trustees of the
Trust. Under this agreement the Trust pays Lincoln an advisory fee at the end of
each fiscal quarter, calculated by applying a quarterly rate, based on the
following annual percentage rates, to the Fund's average month-end net assets
for the quarter:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NET ASSETS RATE
---------- ----
<S> <C>
First $25 million.................................... .40%
Next $125 million.................................... .35%
Next $350 million.................................... .25%
Next $500 million.................................... .20%
Next $1.5 billion.................................... .15%
Next $12.5 billion................................... .10%
Over $15 billion..................................... .08%
</TABLE>
For the fiscal years ended August 31, 1996, 1997, and 1998, the Trust paid
advisory fees of $6,139,000, $8,475,000, and $-- respectively, to Lincoln.
DESCRIPTION OF LINCOLN
Lincoln is an Illinois corporation in which a controlling interest is held
by the following persons: Timothy H. Ubben, Chairman; J. Parker Hall III, Chief
Executive Officer; Kenneth R. Meyer, President; Ray B. Zemon, Executive Vice
President; David M. Fowler, Executive Vice President; Richard W. Knee, Executive
Vice President; and Jay H. Freedman, Executive Vice President.
B-15
<PAGE> 86
Because Lincoln provides only investment advisory services to the Trust and
has no control over the Trust's expenses, Lincoln has not undertaken to
guarantee expenses of the Trust. The Officers of the Trust have worked out
alternative arrangements with the state authorities which do not require an
expense guarantee.
The agreement with Lincoln is renewable for successive one-year periods,
only if each renewal is specifically approved by a vote of the Trust's Board of
Trustees, including the affirmative votes of a majority of the Trustees who are
not parties to the agreement or "interested persons" (as defined in the
Investment Company Act of 1940) of any such party, cast in person at a meeting
called for the purpose of considering such approval. The agreement is
automatically terminated if assigned, and may be terminated without penalty at
any time (1) by vote of the Board of Trustees of the Fund on sixty (60) days'
written notice to Lincoln, or (2) by Lincoln upon ninety (90) days' written
notice to the Trust.
The Trustees may make any of these changes without the approval of
shareholders, however, any such change will be communicated to shareholders in
writing.
VANGUARD INTERNATIONAL GROWTH FUND INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT
The Trust has entered into an investment advisory agreement with Schroder
Capital Management Inc. ("Schroder Capital") under which Schroder Capital,
through its Schroder Capital Management International, London, England branch,
supervises and administers Vanguard International Growth Fund's investment
program. In this regard, it is the responsibility of Schroder Capital to make
decisions relating to the Fund's investment in foreign securities and to place
the Fund's purchase and sale orders for such securities. Schroder Capital will
invest or reinvest the assets of the Fund only in foreign (non-U.S.) securities.
Schroder Capital discharges its responsibilities subject to the control of the
Officers and Trustees of the Trust.
As compensation for the services rendered by Schroder Capital under the
agreement, the Trust pays Schroder Capital a Basic Fee at the end of each fiscal
quarter calculated by applying a quarterly rate, based on the following annual
percentage rates, to the average month-end net assets of the Fund for the
quarter:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NET ASSETS RATE
---------- ----
<S> <C>
First $50 million................................... .350%
Next $950 million................................... .175%
Over $1 billion..................................... .125%
</TABLE>
The Basic Fee, as provided above, shall be increased or decreased by
applying an adjustment formula based on the investment performance of Vanguard
International Growth Fund relative to that of the Morgan Stanley Capital
International Europe, Australasia, Far East ("MSCI EAFE") Index as follows:
(a) On assets of the Fund of $1 billion or less:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE-YEAR PERFORMANCE
DIFFERENTIAL VS. MSCI ANNUAL INCENTIVE (+)/
EAFE INDEX PENALTY (-) FEE RATE
---------------------- ---------------------
<S> <C>
+12% or above........................... +0.0750%
Between +6% and +12%.................... +0.0375%
Between +6% and -6%..................... -0-
Between -6% and -12%.................... -0.0375%
- -12% or below........................... -0.0750%
</TABLE>
B-16
<PAGE> 87
(b) On assets of the Fund of more than $1 billion:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE-YEAR PERFORMANCE
DIFFERENTIAL VS. MSCI ANNUAL INCENTIVE (+)/
EAFE INDEX PENALTY (-) FEE RATE
---------------------- ---------------------
<S> <C>
+12% or above........................... +0.0500%
Between +6% and +12%.................... +0.0250%
Between +6% and -6%..................... -0-
Between -6% and -12%.................... -0.0250%
- -12% or below........................... -0.0500%
</TABLE>
The incentive/penalty fee adjustment for assets in excess of $1 billion was
not fully operable until the quarter ended February 29, 1996, and, until that
date, was calculated according to certain transition rules. From April 1, 1993
through November 30, 1993, the incentive/penalty fee on assets in excess of $1
billion was not operable. For quarters ending after this period, the
incentive/penalty fee adjustment on assets in excess of $1 billion has been
computed based on a comparison of the investment performance of the Fund and
that of the MSCI EAFE Index over the number of months that have elapsed between
March 1, 1993 and the end of the quarter for which the fee is computed.
For the purpose of determining the fee adjustment for investment
performance, as described above, the net assets of Vanguard International Growth
Fund are averaged over the same period as the investment performance of the Fund
and the investment record of the MSCI EAFE Index are computed.
The investment performance of Vanguard International Growth Fund for such
period, expressed as a percentage of the net asset value per share of the Fund
at the beginning of such period, shall be the sum of: (i) the change in the net
asset value per share of the Fund during such period; (ii) the value of the cash
distributions per share of the Fund accumulated to the end of such period; and
(iii) the value of capital gains taxes per share paid or payable by the Fund on
undistributed realized long-term capital gains accumulated to the end of such
period. For this purpose, the value of distributions per share of realized
capital gains, of dividends per share paid from investment income and of capital
gains taxes per share paid or payable on undistributed realized long-term
capital gains shall be treated as reinvested in shares of the Fund at the net
asset value per share in effect at the close of business on the record date for
the payment of such distributions and dividends and the date on which provision
is made for such taxes, after giving effect to such distributions, dividends and
taxes. The investment record of the MSCI EAFE Index for any period, expressed as
a percentage of the MSCI EAFE Index level at the beginning of such period, shall
be the sum of (i) the change in the level of the MSCI EAFE Index during such
period and (ii) the value, computed consistently with the MSCI EAFE Index, of
cash distributions made by companies whose securities comprise the MSCI EAFE
Index accumulated to the end of such period. For this purpose cash distributions
on the securities which comprise the MSCI EAFE Index shall be treated as
reinvested in the MSCI EAFE Index at least as frequently as the end of each
calendar quarter following the payment of the dividend. The foregoing
notwithstanding, any computation of the investment performance of the Fund and
the investment record of the MSCI EAFE Index shall be in accordance with any
then applicable rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
The Trustees believe that the MSCI EAFE Index is an appropriate standard
against which the investment performance of Vanguard International Growth Fund
can be measured. The MSCI EAFE Index is the only index available which covers
the major international markets outside North America. The weighting of
securities in the MSCI EAFE Index is based on each stock's relative total market
value, that is, its market price per share times the number of shares
outstanding.
The agreement with Schroder Capital is renewable for successive one-year
periods, only if each renewal is specifically approved by a vote of the Fund's
Board of Trustees, including the affirmative votes of a majority of the Trustees
who are not parties to the agreement or "interested persons" (as defined in the
Investment Company Act of 1940) of any such party, cast in person at a meeting
called for the purpose of considering such approval. The agreement is
automatically terminated if assigned, and may be terminated without penalty at
any time (1) by vote of the Board of Trustees of the Trust on sixty
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<PAGE> 88
(60) days' written notice to Schroder Capital, or (2) by Schroder Capital upon
ninety (90) days' written notice to the Trust.
During the three fiscal years ending August 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998,
respectively, the Fund paid Schroder Capital the following advisory fees:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1997 1998
---------- ----------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Basic Fee.............................................. $5,892,000 $ 8,245,000 --
Increase/(Decrease) for Performance Adjustment......... 1,545,000 1,980,000 --
---------- ----------- ----------
Total............................................. $7,437,000 $10,225,000 --
========== =========== ==========
</TABLE>
DESCRIPTION OF SCHRODER CAPITAL
The Trust is managed by the London branch office of Schroder Capital
Management International ("SCMI"). SCMI is a wholly-owned subsidiary of
Schroders Incorporated, One State Street, New York, New York.
Schroders PLC is the holding company parent of a large world-wide group of
banks and financial service companies (referred to as "The Schroder Group") with
associated companies and branch and representative offices located in seventeen
countries.
The Schroder Group specializes in providing investment management services,
with Group funds under management currently in excess of $195 billion. Schroder
Capital Management International was established in London in 1979 to manage
international portfolios for U.S. institutions.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
The investment advisory agreements with Lincoln and Schroder Capital
authorize the investment advisers (with the approval of the Trust's Board of
Trustees) to select the brokers or dealers that will execute the purchases and
sales of portfolio securities for the Trust and direct each investment adviser
to use its best efforts to obtain the best available price and most favorable
execution with respect to all transactions for each Fund of the Trust. Each
investment adviser has undertaken to execute each investment transaction at a
price and commission which provides the most favorable total cost or proceeds
reasonably obtainable under the circumstances.
In placing portfolio transactions, each investment adviser will use its
best judgment to choose the broker most capable of providing the brokerage
services necessary to obtain best available price and most favorable execution.
The full range and quality of brokerage services available will be considered in
making these determinations. In those instances where it is reasonably
determined that more than one broker can offer the brokerage services needed to
obtain the best available price and most favorable execution, consideration may
be given to those brokers which supply investment research statistical
information, and provide other services in addition to execution services to the
Funds and/or the investment advisers. Each investment adviser considers the
investment services it receives useful in the performance of its obligations
under the agreement but is unable to determine the amount by which such services
may reduce its expenses.
Currently, it is the Trust's policy that each investment adviser may at
times pay higher commissions in recognition of brokerage services felt necessary
for the achievement of better execution of certain securities transactions than
otherwise might not be available. An investment adviser will only pay such
higher commissions if it believes this to be in the best interest of a Fund.
Some brokers or dealers who may receive such higher commissions in recognition
of brokerage services related to execution of securities transactions are also
providers of research information to the investment advisers and/or the Funds.
However, each investment adviser has informed the Trust that it will not pay
higher commission rates specifically for the purpose of obtaining research
services.
B-18
<PAGE> 89
The Trust's Board of Trustees has authorized Schroder Capital to utilize
Schroders Asia Limited, an affiliated company 75% owned by the Schroder Group,
in the capacity of broker in connection with the execution of Vanguard
International Growth Fund transactions in Hong Kong securities; provided,
however, that Schroder Capital believes that doing so will result in an economic
advantage (in the form of lower execution costs or otherwise) being obtained for
the Fund. This authorization was made in accordance with Section 17(e) of the
Investment Company Act of 1940 and Rule 17e-1 which require the Trust's
non-interested Trustees to approve the procedures under which such brokerage
allocation is to be made and to monitor such allocations on a continuing basis.
Except with respect to tender offers, it is not expected that any portion of the
commissions, fees, brokerage, or similar payments received by Schroders Asia
Limited in such transactions will be recaptured by the Fund. The Trustees have
reviewed and intend to continue to review whether other recapture opportunities
are legally permissible and available and, if they appear to be, determine
whether it would be advisable for the Fund to seek to take advantage of them.
During the fiscal years ending August 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998, the Funds
paid $10,614,940, $11,987,643, and $16,859,070 in brokerage commissions,
respectively.
Some securities considered for investment by the Funds may also be
appropriate for other Vanguard funds or clients served by the investment
advisers. If purchase or sale of securities consistent with the investment
policies of the Funds and one or more of these other Trusts or clients served by
the investment advisers are considered at or about the same time, transactions
in such securities will be allocated among the Funds and the several Trusts and
clients in a manner deemed equitable by the respective investment adviser.
Although there will be no specified formula for allocating such transactions,
the allocation methods used, and the results of such allocations, will be
subject to periodic review by the Trust's Board of Trustees.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Financial Statements of Vanguard U.S. Growth Fund and Vanguard
International Growth Fund for the year ended August 31, 1998, including the
financial highlights for each of the five years in the period ended August 31,
1998, appearing in the Funds' respective 1998 Annual Reports to Shareholders,
and the reports thereon of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent accountants,
also appearing therein, are incorporated by reference in and are enclosed with
this Statement of Additional Information.
PERFORMANCE MEASURES
Vanguard may use reprinted material discussing The Vanguard Group, Inc. or
any of the member trusts of The Vanguard Group of Investment Companies.
Each of the investment company members of The Vanguard Group, including
Vanguard World Fund, may from time to time, use one or more of the following
unmanaged indexes for comparative performance purposes.
STANDARD & POOR'S 500 COMPOSITE STOCK PRICE INDEX -- is a well diversified
list of 500 companies representing the U.S. Stock Market.
STANDARD & POOR'S MIDCAP 400 INDEX -- is composed of 400 medium sized
domestic stocks.
STANDARD & POOR'S SMALL CAP 600/BARRA VALUE INDEX -- contains stocks of the
S&P SmallCap 600 Index which have a lower than average price-to-book ratio.
STANDARD & POOR'S SMALL CAP 600/BARRA GROWTH INDEX -- contains stocks of
the S&P SmallCap 600 Index which have a higher than average price-to-book ratio.
RUSSELL 1000 VALUE INDEX -- consists of the stocks in the Russell 1000
Index (comprising the 1,000 largest U.S.-based companies measured by total
market capitalization) with the lowest price-to-book ratios, comprising 50% of
the market capitalization of the Russell 1000.
B-19
<PAGE> 90
WILSHIRE 5000 EQUITY INDEX -- consists of more than 7,000 common equity
securities, covering all stocks in the U.S. for which daily pricing is
available.
WILSHIRE 4500 EQUITY INDEX -- consists of all stocks in the Wilshire 5000
except for the 500 stocks in the Standard and Poor's 500 Index.
RUSSELL 3000 STOCK INDEX -- a diversified portfolio of approximately 3,000
common stocks accounting for over 90% of the market value of publicly traded
stocks in the U.S.
RUSSELL 2000 STOCK INDEX -- composed of the 2,000 smallest stocks contained
in the Russell 3000, representing approximately 7% of the Russell 3000 total
market capitalization.
RUSSELL 2000(R) VALUE INDEX -- contains stocks from the Russell 2000 Index
with a less-than-average growth orientation.
MORGAN STANLEY CAPITAL INTERNATIONAL EAFE INDEX -- is an arithmetic, market
value-weighted average of the performance of over 900 securities listed on the
stock exchanges of countries in Europe, Australasia and the Far East.
GOLDMAN SACHS 100 CONVERTIBLE BOND INDEX -- currently includes 71 bonds and
29 preferreds. The original list of names was generated by screening for
convertible issues of $100 million or greater in market capitalization. The
index is priced monthly.
SALOMON BROTHERS GNMA INDEX -- includes pools of mortgages originated by
private lenders and guaranteed by the mortgage pools of the Government National
Mortgage Association.
SALOMON BROTHERS HIGH-GRADE CORPORATE BOND INDEX -- consists of publicly
issued, non-convertible corporate bonds rated AA or AAA. It is a value-weighted,
total return index, including approximately 800 issues with maturities of 12
years or greater.
LEHMAN LONG-TERM TREASURY BOND -- is composed of all bonds covered by the
Shearson Lehman Hutton Treasury Bond Index with maturities of 10 years or
greater.
MERRILL LYNCH CORPORATE & GOVERNMENT BOND -- consists of over 4,500 U.S.
Treasury, Agency and investment grade corporate bonds.
LEHMAN CORPORATE (Baa) BOND INDEX -- all publicly offered fixed-rate,
nonconvertible domestic corporate bonds rated Baa by Moody's, with a maturity
longer than 1 year and with more than $25 million outstanding. This index
includes over 1,000 issues.
LEHMAN BROTHERS LONG-TERM CORPORATE BOND INDEX -- is a subset of the Lehman
Corporate Bond Index covering all corporate, publicly issued, fixed-rate,
nonconvertible U.S. debt issues rated at least Baa, with at least $50 million
principal outstanding and maturity greater than 10 years.
BOND BUYER MUNICIPAL BOND INDEX -- is a yield index on current coupon
high-grade general obligation municipal bonds.
STANDARD & POOR'S PREFERRED INDEX -- is a yield index based upon the
average yield of four high-grade, non-callable preferred stock issues.
NASDAQ INDUSTRIAL INDEX -- is composed of more than 3,000 industrial
issues. It is a value-weighted index calculated on price change only and does
not include income.
COMPOSITE INDEX -- 70% Standard & Poor's 500 Index and 30% NASDAQ
Industrial Index.
COMPOSITE INDEX -- 65% Standard & Poor's 500 Index and 35% Lehman Long-Term
Corporate AA or Better Bond Index.
COMPOSITE INDEX -- 65% Lehman Long-Term Corporate AA or Better Bond Index
and a 35% weighting in a blended equity composite (75% Standard & Poor's/BARRA
Value Index, 12.5% Standard & Poor's Utilities Index and 12.5% Standard & Poor's
Telephone Index).
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<PAGE> 91
LEHMAN LONG-TERM CORPORATE AA OR BETTER BOND INDEX -- consists of all
publicly issued, fixed rate, nonconvertible investment grade,
dollar-denominated, SEC-registered corporate debt rated AA or AAA.
LEHMAN BROTHERS AGGREGATE BOND INDEX -- is a market weighted index that
contains individually priced U.S. Treasury, agency, corporate, and mortgage
pass-through securities corporate rated Baa - or better. The Index has a market
value of over $4 trillion.
LEHMAN BROTHERS MUTUAL FUND SHORT (1-5) GOVERNMENT/CORPORATE INDEX -- is a
market weighted index that contains individually priced U.S. Treasury, agency,
and corporate investment grade bonds rated BBB - or better with maturities
between 1 and 5 years. The index has a market value of over $1.6 trillion.
LEHMAN BROTHERS MUTUAL FUND INTERMEDIATE (5-10) GOVERNMENT/CORPORATE
INDEX -- is a market weighted index that contains individually priced U.S.
Treasury, agency, and corporate securities rated BBB - or better with maturities
between 5 and 10 years. The index has a market value of over $700 billion.
LEHMAN BROTHERS LONG (10+) GOVERNMENT/CORPORATE INDEX -- is a market
weighted index that contains individually priced U.S. Treasury, agency, and
corporate securities rated BBB - or better with maturities greater than 10
years. The index has a market value of over $900 billion.
LIPPER SMALL COMPANY GROWTH FUND AVERAGE -- the average performance of
small company growth funds as defined by Lipper Analytical Services, Inc. Lipper
defines a small company growth fund as a fund that by prospectus or portfolio
practice, limits its investments to companies on the basis of the size of the
company. From time to time, Vanguard may advertise using the average performance
and/or the average expense ratio of the small company growth funds. (This fund
category was first established in 1982. For years prior to 1982, the results of
the Lipper Small Company Growth category were estimated using the returns of the
Funds that constituted the Group at its inception.)
LIPPER BALANCED FUND AVERAGE -- an industry benchmark of average balanced
funds with similar investment objectives and policies, as measured by Lipper
Analytical Services, Inc.
LIPPER NON-GOVERNMENT MONEY MARKET FUND AVERAGE -- an industry benchmark of
average non-government money market funds with similar investment objectives and
policies, as measured by Lipper Analytical Services, Inc.
LIPPER GOVERNMENT MONEY MARKET FUND AVERAGE -- an industry benchmark of
average government money market funds with similar investment objectives and
policies, as measured by Lipper Analytical Services, Inc.
B-21
<PAGE> 92
PART C
VANGUARD WORLD FUND
OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 23. EXHIBITS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT DESCRIPTION
- ------- -----------
<S> <C>
(a) Declaration of Trust*
(b) By-Laws*
(c) Not Applicable
(d) Investment Advisory Contracts+
(e) Not Applicable
(f) Reference is made to the section entitled "Management of the
Trust" in the Registrant's Statement of Additional
Information.
(g) Custodian Agreement*
(h) Amended and Restated Funds' Service Agreement*
(i) Legal Opinion*
(j) Consent of Independent Accountants+
(k) Not Applicable
(l) Not Applicable
(m) Not Applicable
(n) Financial Data Schedule+
(o) Not Applicable
</TABLE>
- ---------------
* Filed Previously
+ Filed Herewith
ITEM 24. PERSONS CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON CONTROL WITH THE FUND
Registrant is not controlled by or under common control with any person.
ITEM 25. INDEMNIFICATION
The Registrant's organizational documents contain provisions indemnifying
Trustees and Officers against liability incurred in their official capacity.
Article VII, Section 2 of the Declaration of Trust provides that the Registrant
may indemnify and hold harmless each and every Trustee and Officer from and
against any and all claims, demands, costs, losses, expenses, and damages
whatsoever arising out of or related to the performance of his or her duties as
a Trustee or Officer. However, this provision does not cover any liability to
which a Trustee or Officer would otherwise be subject by reason of willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties
involved in the conduct of his or her office. Article VI of the By-Laws
generally provides that the Registrant shall indemnify its Trustees and Officers
from any liability arising out of their past or present service in that
capacity. Among other things, this provision excludes any liability arising by
reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or the reckless
disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the Trustee's or Officer's
office with the Registrant.
ITEM 26. BUSINESS AND OTHER CONNECTIONS OF THE INVESTMENT ADVISER
Lincoln Capital Management Company ("Lincoln"), is an investment adviser
registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the "Advisers
Act"). The list required by this Item 26 of officers and directors of Lincoln,
together with any information as to any business profession, vocation or
employment of a substantial nature engaged in by such officers and directors
during the past two years, is incorporated herein by
C-1
<PAGE> 93
reference to Schedules B and D of Form ADV filed by Lincoln pursuant to the
Advisers Act (SEC File No. 801-11417).
Schroder Capital Management International, Inc. ("Schroder Capital"), is an
investment adviser registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as
amended (the "Advisers Act"). The list required by this Item 26 of officers and
directors of Schroder Capital, together with any information as to any business
profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature engaged in by such
officers and directors during the past two years, is incorporated herein by
reference to Schedules B and D of Form ADV filed by Schroder Capital pursuant to
the Advisers Act (SEC File No. 801-15834).
ITEM 27. PRINCIPAL UNDERWRITERS
(a) Not Applicable
(b) Not Applicable
(c) Not Applicable
ITEM 28. LOCATION OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS
All accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by
Section 31(a)of the 1940 Act and the Rules thereunder will be maintained at the
offices of the Registrant; Registrant's Transfer Agent, The Vanguard Group,
Inc., Valley Forge, Pennsylvania 19482; and the Registrant's custodians, State
Street Bank and Trust Company, Boston, Massachusetts and Morgan Guaranty Trust
Company, New York, New York.
ITEM 29. MANAGEMENT SERVICES
Other than as set forth under the description of The Vanguard Group in Part
B of this Registration Statement, Registrant is not a party to any
management-related service contract.
ITEM 30. UNDERTAKINGS
Not Applicable
C-2
<PAGE> 94
SIGNATURES
PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 AND THE
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940, THE REGISTRANT CERTIFIES THAT IT HAS DULY CAUSED
THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT TO BE SIGNED ON ITS BEHALF BY THE UNDERSIGNED,
THEREUNTO DULY AUTHORIZED, IN THE TOWN OF VALLEY FORGE AND THE COMMONWEALTH OF
PENNSYLVANIA, ON THE 30TH DAY OF OCTOBER, 1998.
VANGUARD WORLD FUND
BY: (signature)
------------------------------------
(HEIDI STAM)
JOHN J. BRENNAN*,
CHAIRMAN AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, THIS
POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT TO THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT HAS BEEN SIGNED BELOW BY
THE FOLLOWING PERSONS IN THE CAPACITIES AND ON THE DATE INDICATED:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SIGNATURE TITLE DATE
--------- ----- ----
<C> <S> <C>
BY: (signature) John C. Bogle*, Senior Chairman October 30, 1998
------------------------------------------------- of the Board and Trustee
(HEIDI STAM)
BY: (signature) John J. Brennan*, Chairman, October 30, 1998
------------------------------------------------- Chief Executive Officer
(HEIDI STAM) and Trustee
BY: (signature) Barbara B. Hauptfuhrer*, October 30, 1998
------------------------------------------------- Trustee
(HEIDI STAM)
BY: (signature) JoAnn Heffernan Heisen*, October 30, 1998
------------------------------------------------- Trustee
(HEIDI STAM)
BY: (signature) Burton G. Malkiel*, Trustee October 30, 1998
-------------------------------------------------
(HEIDI STAM)
BY: (signature) Bruce K. MacLaury*, Trustee October 30, 1998
-------------------------------------------------
(HEIDI STAM)
BY: (signature) Alfred M. Rankin, Jr.*, Trustee October 30, 1998
-------------------------------------------------
(HEIDI STAM)
BY: (signature) John C. Sawhill*, Trustee October 30, 1998
-------------------------------------------------
(HEIDI STAM)
BY: (signature) James O. Welch, Jr.*, Trustee October 30, 1998
-------------------------------------------------
(HEIDI STAM)
BY: (signature) J. Lawrence Wilson*, Trustee October 30, 1998
-------------------------------------------------
(HEIDI STAM)
BY: (signature) Thomas J. Higgins*, Treasurer October 30, 1998
------------------------------------------------- and Principal Financial Officer
(HEIDI STAM) and Accounting Officer
</TABLE>
- ---------------
* By Power of Attorney. See File Number --. --. Incorporated by Reference.
<PAGE> 95
EXHIBIT INDEX
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT ADDENDUM...................... EX-99.BD
FINANCIAL DATA SCHEDULE..................................... EX-99.BN
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 1
VANGUARD WORLD FUNDS --
VANGUARD U.S. GROWTH FUND
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT ADDENDUM
EFFECTIVE SEPTEMBER 1, 1998
This Addendum amends Section 7 of the Investment Advisory Agreement dated
April 1, 1993 between VANGUARD WORLD FUNDS (the "Fund," formerly known as
"Vanguard World Fund, Inc.") and LINCOLN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT COMPANY (the
"Adviser").
1. NEW FEE SCHEDULE. The Fund will compensate the Adviser according to the
following fee schedule:
BASIC FEE
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ASSETS MANAGED ANNUAL RATE
- -------------- -----------
<S> <C>
First $25 million................................. 0.40%
Next $125 million................................. 0.35%
Next $350 million................................. 0.25%
Next $500 million................................. 0.20%
Next $1.5 billion................................. 0.15%
Next $12.5 billion................................ 0.10%
Over $15 billion.................................. 0.08%
</TABLE>
2. NO EFFECT ON OTHER PROVISIONS. Except for the fee schedule revisions
described above, all provisions of the Investment Advisory Agreement dated April
1, 1993 remain in full force and effect.
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
ATTEST: VANGUARD WORLD FUNDS
- --------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------
President, Chief Executive Officer Date
& Chairman of the Board
ATTEST: LINCOLN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT COMPANY
- --------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------
Chief Executive Officer Date
& Managing Director
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 1
[ARTICLE] 6
[CIK] 0000052848
[NAME] VANGUARD WORLD FUND
[SERIES]
[NUMBER] 01
[NAME] VANGUARD U.S. GROWTH FUND
[MULTIPLIER] 1,000
[CURRENCY] U.S. DOLLAR
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
[PERIOD-TYPE] 12-MOS
[FISCAL-YEAR-END] AUG-31-1998
[PERIOD-START] SEP-01-1997
[PERIOD-END] AUG-31-1998
[EXCHANGE-RATE] 1
[INVESTMENTS-AT-COST] 7248182
[INVESTMENTS-AT-VALUE] 9687650
[RECEIVABLES] 49097
[ASSETS-OTHER] 2108
[OTHER-ITEMS-ASSETS] 0
[TOTAL-ASSETS] 9738855
[PAYABLE-FOR-SECURITIES] 103205
[SENIOR-LONG-TERM-DEBT] 0
[OTHER-ITEMS-LIABILITIES] 48956
[TOTAL-LIABILITIES] 152161
[SENIOR-EQUITY] 0
[PAID-IN-CAPITAL-COMMON] 6337626
[SHARES-COMMON-STOCK] 315754
[SHARES-COMMON-PRIOR] 268407
[ACCUMULATED-NII-CURRENT] 35259
[OVERDISTRIBUTION-NII] 0
[ACCUMULATED-NET-GAINS] 774341
[OVERDISTRIBUTION-GAINS] 0
[ACCUM-APPREC-OR-DEPREC] 2439468
[NET-ASSETS] 9586694
[DIVIDEND-INCOME] 80888
[INTEREST-INCOME] 16605
[OTHER-INCOME] 0
[EXPENSES-NET] 35455
[NET-INVESTMENT-INCOME] 62038
[REALIZED-GAINS-CURRENT] 854804
[APPREC-INCREASE-CURRENT] (6955)
[NET-CHANGE-FROM-OPS] 909887
[EQUALIZATION] 0
[DISTRIBUTIONS-OF-INCOME] 72786
[DISTRIBUTIONS-OF-GAINS] 239928
[DISTRIBUTIONS-OTHER] 0
[NUMBER-OF-SHARES-SOLD] 92058
[NUMBER-OF-SHARES-REDEEMED] 55595
[SHARES-REINVESTED] 10884
[NET-CHANGE-IN-ASSETS] 2141441
[ACCUMULATED-NII-PRIOR] 46007
[ACCUMULATED-GAINS-PRIOR] 159465
[OVERDISTRIB-NII-PRIOR] 0
[OVERDIST-NET-GAINS-PRIOR] 0
[GROSS-ADVISORY-FEES] 11377
[INTEREST-EXPENSE] 0
[GROSS-EXPENSE] 36596
[AVERAGE-NET-ASSETS] 8990792
[PER-SHARE-NAV-BEGIN] 27.74
[PER-SHARE-NII] 0.21
[PER-SHARE-GAIN-APPREC] 3.57
[PER-SHARE-DIVIDEND] 0.27
[PER-SHARE-DISTRIBUTIONS] 0.89
[RETURNS-OF-CAPITAL] 0
[PER-SHARE-NAV-END] 30.36
[EXPENSE-RATIO] 0.41
[AVG-DEBT-OUTSTANDING] 0
[AVG-DEBT-PER-SHARE] 0
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 1
[ARTICLE] 6
[CIK] 0000052848
[NAME] VANGUARD WORLD FUND
[SERIES]
[NUMBER] 02
[NAME] VANGUARD INTERNATIONAL GROWTH FUND
[MULTIPLIER] 1,000
[CURRENCY] U.S. DOLLAR
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
[PERIOD-TYPE] 12-MOS
[FISCAL-YEAR-END] AUG-31-1998
[PERIOD-START] SEP-01-1997
[PERIOD-END] AUG-31-1998
[EXCHANGE-RATE] 1
[INVESTMENTS-AT-COST] 6209320
[INVESTMENTS-AT-VALUE] 7164106
[RECEIVABLES] 256860
[ASSETS-OTHER] 1519
[OTHER-ITEMS-ASSETS] 0
[TOTAL-ASSETS] 7422485
[PAYABLE-FOR-SECURITIES] 6303
[SENIOR-LONG-TERM-DEBT] 0
[OTHER-ITEMS-LIABILITIES] 595733
[TOTAL-LIABILITIES] 602036
[SENIOR-EQUITY] 0
[PAID-IN-CAPITAL-COMMON] 5763846
[SHARES-COMMON-STOCK] 411613
[SHARES-COMMON-PRIOR] 396990
[ACCUMULATED-NII-CURRENT] 73209
[OVERDISTRIBUTION-NII] 0
[ACCUMULATED-NET-GAINS] 28014
[OVERDISTRIBUTION-GAINS] 0
[ACCUM-APPREC-OR-DEPREC] 955380
[NET-ASSETS] 6820449
[DIVIDEND-INCOME] 116369
[INTEREST-INCOME] 27766
[OTHER-INCOME] 0
[EXPENSES-NET] 42405
[NET-INVESTMENT-INCOME] 101730
[REALIZED-GAINS-CURRENT] 35938
[APPREC-INCREASE-CURRENT] (374412)
[NET-CHANGE-FROM-OPS] (236744)
[EQUALIZATION] 0
[DISTRIBUTIONS-OF-INCOME] 83884
[DISTRIBUTIONS-OF-GAINS] 207713
[DISTRIBUTIONS-OTHER] 0
[NUMBER-OF-SHARES-SOLD] 161215
[NUMBER-OF-SHARES-REDEEMED] 163081
[SHARES-REINVESTED] 16489
[NET-CHANGE-IN-ASSETS] (268303)
[ACCUMULATED-NII-PRIOR] 58733
[ACCUMULATED-GAINS-PRIOR] 196419
[OVERDISTRIB-NII-PRIOR] 0
[OVERDIST-NET-GAINS-PRIOR] 0
[GROSS-ADVISORY-FEES] 12319
[INTEREST-EXPENSE] 0
[GROSS-EXPENSE] 43352
[AVERAGE-NET-ASSETS] 7330593
[PER-SHARE-NAV-BEGIN] 17.86
[PER-SHARE-NII] 0.25
[PER-SHARE-GAIN-APPREC] (0.81)
[PER-SHARE-DIVIDEND] 0.21
[PER-SHARE-DISTRIBUTIONS] 0.52
[RETURNS-OF-CAPITAL] 0.0
[PER-SHARE-NAV-END] 16.57
[EXPENSE-RATIO] 0.59
[AVG-DEBT-OUTSTANDING] 0
[AVG-DEBT-PER-SHARE] 0
</TABLE>