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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of Earliest event reported) June 8, 1999
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THE TODD-AO CORPORATION
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(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 0-1461 13-1679856
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(State or other jurisdiction (Commission (IRS Employer
of incorporation) File Number) Identification No.)
900 North Seward Street, Hollywood, California 90038
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(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code (323) 962-4000
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Not Applicable
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(Former name or former address, if changed from last report)
Exhibit index located on page 2
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THE TODD-AO CORPORATION
FORM 8-K
JUNE 8, 1999
___________________________
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Item 5. OTHER EVENTS. Page 2
Item 7. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS. Page 2
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Item 5. Other Events
On June 8, 1999 a Merger Agreement was signed and entered into
by and among The Todd-AO Corporation ("The Company"), Todd-AO
East, Inc., a New York corporation and an indirect wholly-owned
subsidiary of the Company (the "Transitory Subsidiary"), Sound
One Corporation, a New York corporation (the "Target"), and
Jeremy Koch, Elisha Birnbaum, and Gaetano Spera, individuals.
The respective Boards of Directors of the Company, the Transitory
Subsidiary, and the Target have each approved the acquisition of
the Target by the Company pursuant to a merger of the Transitory
Subsidiary into the Target in accordance with the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986 and the provisions of the Merger Agreement
with the result that all of the issued and outstanding shares of
common stock of the Target shall be extinguished in exchange for
a cash consideration of $11.50 per share. The merger is expected
to be completed within 30 days.
The transaction is to be accounted for as a purchase and the
acquisition price is equal to the sum of: (1) approximately
$11,961,000 in cash for the common stock (2) $800,000 in cash to
be paid for non-compete agreements (3) approximately $200,000 in
acquisition costs.
The funds to be paid for the common stock will be provided by the
Company's institutional lender and the other cash requirements by
the Company's operational cash flows.
Sound One Corporation is the leading post production sound
facility in New York servicing the entertainment industry
and Todd-AO provides sound and video post production services to
the entertainment industry in the U.S. and Europe.
Item 7. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS
c. The following exhibits are filed with this Current Report on
Form 8-K:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Exhibit No. Exhibit
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<S> <C>
1 Merger Agreement among The Todd-AO Corporation,
Todd-AO East, Inc., and Sound One Corporation as of
June 8, 1999.
</TABLE>
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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
THE TODD-AO CORPORATION
-----------------------------------
(Registrant)
/s/ Silas R. Cross
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Silas R. Cross
Vice President/Treasurer
June 21, 1999
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Date
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EXHIBIT 1
MERGER AGREEMENT
AMONG
THE TODD-AO CORPORATION,
TODD-AO EAST, INC.,
AND
SOUND ONE CORPORATION
As of June 8, 1999
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This MERGER AGREEMENT (the "AGREEMENT") entered into as of June 8, 1999, by
and among The Todd-AO Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the "BUYER"), Todd-AO
East, Inc., a New York corporation and an indirect wholly-owned Subsidiary of
the Buyer (the "TRANSITORY SUBSIDIARY"), Sound One Corporation, a New York
corporation (the "TARGET"), and, with respect to Sections 4 and 9 only, Jeremy
Koch, an individual having an address of 150 West End Avenue, Apt. 11L, New
York, New York 10023 ("KOCH"), Elisha Birnbaum, an individual having an address
of 140 Riverside Drive, New York, New York 10024 ("BIRNBAUM"), and Gaetano
Spera, an individual having an address of 126 Eagle Drive, Emerson, New Jersey
07603 ("SPERA"). The Buyer, the Transitory Subsidiary, the Target, Koch,
Birnbaum, and Spera are referred to herein in the singular as a "Party" and,
collectively, as the "PARTIES".
WHEREAS, Transitory Subsidiary is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of
the Buyer and has an authorized capital stock consisting of 100 shares of common
stock, par value $.01 per share (the "MERGER STOCK"), of which 100 shares are
issued and outstanding and owned by Todd-AO Studios East, Inc., a New York
corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Buyer ("TAO EAST").
WHEREAS, the respective Boards of Directors of the Buyer, the Transitory
Subsidiary, and the Target have each approved the acquisition of the Target by
the Buyer pursuant to a merger of the Transitory Subsidiary into the Target in
accordance with Section 368(a)(1)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended (the "CODE"), and the provisions of this Agreement, with the result that
all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock, par value $.01 per
share, and all of the outstanding stock appreciation rights of the Target shall
be extinguished in exchange for cash consideration.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual promises
herein made, and in consideration of the representations, warranties, and
covenants herein contained, the Parties agree as follows.
1. Definitions.
"BUYER" has the meaning set forth in the preface above.
"BUYER-OWNED SHARE" means any Target Share that the Buyer or the Transitory
Subsidiary owns beneficially.
"CERTIFICATE OF MERGER" has the meaning set forth in Section 2(c) below.
"CLOSING" has the meaning set forth in Section 2(b) below.
"CLOSING DATE" has the meaning set forth in Section 2(b) below.
"CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION" has the meaning set forth in that certain
Confidentiality Agreement dated November 26, 1997 by and between the Buyer and
the Target, as amended by that certain Letter Agreement dated February 5, 1999
(the "Confidentiality Agreement").
"DISCLOSURE SCHEDULE" has the meaning set forth in Section 3 below.
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"DISSENTING SHARE" means any Target Share which is held of record by a
shareholder who has not assented to the Merger and who shall have validly
exercised his or its appraisal rights under Section 910 and Section 623 of the
New York Business Corporation Law.
"EFFECTIVE TIME" has the meaning set forth in Section 2(d)(i) below.
"GAAP" means United States generally accepted accounting principles as in
effect from time to time.
"KNOWLEDGE" means actual knowledge without independent investigation.
"MERGER" has the meaning set forth in Section 2(a) below.
"MERGER CONSIDERATION" has the meaning set forth in Section 2(d)(v) below.
"NEW YORK BUSINESS CORPORATION LAW" means the Business Corporation Law of
the State of New York, as amended.
"NOTICE OF SPECIAL MEETING" means the materials in the form attached hereto
as EXHIBIT A and distributed to the Target Stockholders by the Target notifying
them of the Special Meeting.
"ORDINARY COURSE OF BUSINESS" means the ordinary course of business
consistent with past custom and practice (including with respect to quantity and
frequency).
"PARTIES" has the meaning set forth in the preface above.
"PAYING AGENT" has the meaning set forth in Section 2(e) below.
"PAYMENT FUND" has the meaning set forth in Section 2(e) below.
"PERSON" means an individual, a partnership, a corporation, an association,
a joint stock company, a trust, a joint venture, an unincorporated organization,
or a governmental entity (or any department, agency, or political subdivision
thereof).
"PRIMARY SHAREHOLDERS" means, collectively, Koch, Birnbaum and Spera.
"REQUISITE STOCKHOLDER APPROVAL" means the affirmative vote of the holders
of two-thirds of the Target Shares in favor of this Agreement and the Merger.
"SECURITY INTEREST" means any mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, charge,
or other security interest, other than (a) mechanic's, materialman's, and
similar liens, (b) liens for taxes not yet due and payable or for taxes that the
taxpayer is contesting in good faith through appropriate proceedings, (c)
purchase money liens and liens securing rental payments under capital lease
arrangements, and (d) other liens arising in the Ordinary Course of Business and
not incurred in connection with the borrowing of money.
"SPECIAL MEETING" has the meaning set forth in Section 6(b) below.
"SURVIVING CORPORATION" has the meaning set forth in Section 2(a) below.
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"TARGET" has the meaning set forth in the preface above.
"TARGET SHARE" means any share of the Common Stock, $.01 par value per
share, of the Target.
"TARGET STOCKHOLDER" means any Person who or which holds any Target Shares.
"TRANSITORY SUBSIDIARY" has the meaning set forth in the preface above.
2. BASIC TRANSACTION
(a) THE MERGER. On and subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement
and in accordance with the New York Business Corporation Law, the Transitory
Subsidiary will merge with and into the Target at the Effective Time (the
"MERGER"). The Target shall be the corporation surviving the Merger (the
"SURVIVING CORPORATION").
(b) THE CLOSING. The closing of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement (the "CLOSING") shall take place at the offices of Graham & James,
L.L.P. in New York, New York, commencing at 12:00 noon local time on (i) the
date on which the last of the conditions set forth in Section 7 (other than
conditions with respect to actions the respective Parties will take at the
Closing itself) is satisfied or, when permissible, waived, or (ii) such other
date as the Parties may mutually determine (the "CLOSING DATE").
(c) ACTIONS AT THE CLOSING. At the Closing, (i) the Target will deliver to the
Buyer and the Transitory Subsidiary the various certificates, instruments, and
documents referred to in Section 7(a) below, (ii) the Buyer and the Transitory
Subsidiary will deliver to the Target the various certificates, instruments, and
documents referred to in Section 7(b) below, (iii) the Target and the Transitory
Subsidiary will cause to be filed with the Secretary of State of the State of
New York a Certificate of Merger in the form attached hereto as EXHIBIT B (the
"CERTIFICATE OF MERGER"), and (iv) the Buyer will cause the Surviving
Corporation to deliver the Payment Fund to the Paying Agent in the manner
provided below in this Section 2.
(d) EFFECT OF MERGER.
(i) GENERAL. The Merger shall become effective at the time (the
"EFFECTIVE TIME") the Certificate of Merger is accepted for filing
by the Secretary of State of the State of New York. The Merger
shall have the effect set forth in the New York Business
Corporation Law. The Surviving Corporation may, at any time after
the Effective Time, take any action (including executing and
delivering any document) in the name and on behalf of either the
Target or the Transitory Subsidiary in order to carry out and
effectuate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(ii) CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION. The certificate of incorporation of
the Surviving Corporation shall be amended and restated at and as
of the Effective Time to read as did the certificate of
incorporation of the Transitory Subsidiary immediately prior to the
Effective Time (except that the name of the Surviving Corporation
will remain unchanged).
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(iii) BY-LAWS. The by-laws of the Surviving Corporation shall be amended
and restated at and as of the Effective Time to read as did the
by-laws of the Transitory Subsidiary immediately prior to the
Effective Time (except that the name of the Surviving Corporation
will remain unchanged).
(iv) DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS. The directors and officers of the
Transitory Subsidiary shall become the directors and officers of
the Surviving Corporation at and as of the Effective Time
(retaining their respective positions and terms of office).
(v) CONVERSION OF TARGET SHARES. At and as of the Effective Time, by
virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the
holder of any Target Share or the holder of any capital stock of
the Transitory Subsidiary, (A) each Target Share issued and
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than any
Dissenting Share or Buyer-owned Share) shall be converted into the
right to receive (the "MERGER CONSIDERATION") $11.50 in cash
(without interest), (B) each Dissenting Share shall be converted
into the right to receive payment from the Surviving Corporation
the value of such shares determined in accordance with the
provisions of the New York Business Corporation Law, and (C) each
Buyer-owned Share shall be cancelled; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the
Merger Consideration shall be subject to equitable adjustment in
the event of any stock split, stock dividend, reverse stock split,
or other change in the number of Target Shares outstanding
occurring after the date hereof and prior to the Effective Time.
Immediately following the Effective Time, no Target Share shall be
deemed to be outstanding or to have any rights other than those set
forth above in this Section 2(d)(v).
(vi) CONVERSION OF CAPITAL STOCK OF THE TRANSITORY SUBSIDIARY. At and
as of the Effective Time, each share of common stock, $.01 par
value per share, of the Transitory Subsidiary shall be converted
into one share of common stock, $.01 par value per share, of the
Surviving Corporation.
(e) PROCEDURE FOR PAYMENT.
(i) Prior to the Effective Time, the Buyer shall cause the Surviving
Corporation to appoint either HSBC Bank USA (Marine Midland Bank)
or Citibank, N.A. (or, if both are unwilling or unable to act or to
act upon commercially reasonable terms, any other United States
bank or trust company mutually acceptable to the Target and the
Buyer) to act as paying agent (the "PAYING AGENT") for payment of
the Merger Consideration, and Buyer shall deposit or cause to be
deposited with the paying Agent, in a separate fund established for
payment in accordance with this Section 2, immediately available
funds (the "PAYMENT FUND") in an amount necessary for the Paying
Agent to make full payment of the Merger Consideration to the
holders of all of the outstanding Target Shares (other than any
Dissenting Shares and Buyer-owned Shares). Immediately following
the Effective Time, the Buyer will cause the Paying Agent to mail a
letter of transmittal (with instructions for its use) to each
record holder of outstanding Target Shares for the holder to use in
surrendering the certificate (the "CERTIFICATE") which immediately
prior to the Effective Time represented his or its Target Shares
against payment of the Merger
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Consideration. No interest will accrue or be paid to the holder of
any outstanding Target Shares. The Paying Agent shall, pursuant to
irrevocable instructions, pay the Merger Consideration out of the
Payment Fund.
(ii) The Buyer may cause the Paying Agent to invest the cash included in
the Payment Fund in one or more of the permitted investments set
forth in the agreement between the Surviving Corporation and the
Paying Agent; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the terms and conditions of
the investments shall be such as to permit the Paying Agent to make
prompt payment of the Merger Consideration as necessary. The Buyer
may cause the Paying Agent to pay over to the Surviving Corporation
any net earnings with respect to the investments, and the Buyer
will cause the Surviving Corporation to replace promptly any
portion of the Payment Fund which the Paying Agent loses through
investments.
(iii) The Buyer may cause the Paying Agent to pay over to the Surviving
Corporation any portion of the Payment Fund (including any earnings
thereon) remaining 180 days after the Effective Time, and
thereafter all former stockholders shall be entitled to look to the
Surviving Corporation (subject to abandoned property, escheat, and
other similar laws) as general creditors thereof with respect to
the cash payable upon surrender of their Certificates.
(iv) The Buyer shall cause the Surviving Corporation to pay all charges
and expenses of the Paying Agent.
(f) LOST CERTIFICATES. In the event any Certificate shall have been lost,
stolen or destroyed, the beneficial owner of such certificate shall sign and
deliver to Surviving Corporation an affidavit of loss, attesting to such
loss, theft or destruction, and indemnifying Surviving Corporation for all
loss or damages incurred in connection therewith, and the Paying Agent shall
issue or cause to be issued in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed
Certificate the Merger Consideration deliverable in respect thereof in
accordance with this Agreement. When authorizing such issue of the Merger
Consideration in exchange therefor, the Paying Agent may, in its discretion
and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of
such lost, stolen or destroyed certificate to give the Paying Agent a bond in
such sum as the Paying Agent may direct as indemnity against any claim that
may be made against the Paying Agent with respect to the Certificate alleged
to have been lost, stolen or destroyed.
(g) CLOSING OF TRANSFER RECORDS. After the close of business on the Closing
Date, transfers of Target Shares outstanding prior to the Effective Time shall
not be made on the stock transfer books of the Surviving Corporation.
3. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE TARGET. The Target represents and
warrants to the Buyer and the Transitory Subsidiary that the statements
contained in this Section 3 are correct and complete in all material respects as
of the date of this Agreement and will be correct and complete as of the Closing
Date (as though made then and as though the Closing Date were substituted for
the date of this Agreement throughout this Section 3), except as set forth on
the schedules accompanying this Agreement (the "DISCLOSURE SCHEDULES"). The
Disclosure Schedules will be arranged in paragraphs corresponding to the
lettered and numbered paragraphs
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contained in this Section 3, provided, however that for purposes of this
Agreement and the Disclosure Schedules, any disclosure set forth in any such
paragraph of the Disclosure Schedules shall be deemed disclosed in reference
to all applicable paragraphs of the Disclosure Schedules.
(a) ORGANIZATION, QUALIFICATION, AND CORPORATE POWER. The Target is a
corporation duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing under the
laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation. The Target is duly authorized to
conduct business and is in good standing under the laws of each jurisdiction
where such qualification is required. The Target has full corporate power and
authority to carry on the businesses in which it is engaged and to own and use
the properties owned and used by it.
(b) CAPITALIZATION. The entire authorized capital stock of the Target
consists of 4,000,000 Target Shares, par value $.01 per share, of which
1,111,169 Target Shares are issued and outstanding and 354,691 Target Shares
are held in treasury. All of the issued and outstanding Target Shares have
been duly authorized and are validly issued, fully paid, and nonassessable
(except for any amounts which a holder of Target Shares may be liable under
Section 630 of the New York Business Corporation Law). There are no
outstanding or authorized options, warrants, purchase rights, subscription
rights, conversion rights, exchange rights, or other contracts or commitments
that could require the Target to issue, sell, or otherwise cause to become
outstanding any of its capital stock. There are no outstanding or authorized
stock appreciation, phantom stock, profit participation, or similar rights
with respect to the Target.
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF TRANSACTION. The Target has full power and authority
(including full corporate power and authority) to execute and deliver this
Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder and to consummate the
transactions contemplated hereby; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, the Target cannot
consummate the Merger unless and until it receives the Requisite Stockholder
Approval. The execution, delivery and performance by Target of this Agreement
and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby have been
approved by the board of the Target and have been duly authorized by all
other necessary corporate action on the part of the Target, subject to the
receipt of the Requisite Stockholder Approval. This Agreement constitutes
the valid and legally binding obligation of the Target, enforceable against
the Target in accordance with its terms and conditions.
(d) NONCONTRAVENTION. Except as set forth in SCHEDULE 3(d) hereto, neither the
execution and the delivery of this Agreement by the Target, nor the consummation
of the transactions contemplated hereby, will (i) assuming the Requisite
Stockholder Approval is obtained, violate any constitution, statute, regulation,
rule, injunction, judgment, order, decree, ruling, charge, or other restriction
of any government, governmental agency, or court to which the Target is subject
or any provision of the charter or by-laws of the Target or (ii) conflict with,
result in a breach of, constitute a default under, result in the acceleration
of, create in any party the right to accelerate, terminate, modify, or cancel,
or require any notice under any agreement, contract, lease, license, instrument,
or other arrangement to which the Target is a party or by which it is bound or
to which any of its assets is subject (or result in the imposition of any
Security Interest upon any of its assets), except, in the case of clause (ii),
where such conflict, breach, default or other event referred to therein would
not have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on the
business, results of operations or financial condition of the Target (a
"MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECT").
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(e) FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION.
(i) The Target has, except as specifically set forth herein, maintained
its books of account in material compliance with applicable laws,
rules and regulations, and such books and records are and, during
the periods covered by the Financial Statements (as defined below),
were maintained in such fashion as to accurately reflect in all
material respects the transactions of the Target and the income,
expenses, assets and liabilities of the Target, including the
nature thereof and the transactions giving rise thereto.
(ii) Included in SCHEDULE 3(e)(ii) are the audited balance sheets of the
Target as of December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998 and the related
audited statements of income and of cash flows for the fiscal years
then ended, reported on by Arthur Yorkes & Company and the
unaudited balance sheet, and the related unaudited income
statement, for the three months ended March 31, 1999 (collectively,
all documents included in SCHEDULE 3(e)(ii) shall be referred to as
the "FINANCIAL STATEMENTS").
(iii) The Financial Statements have been prepared from the books of
account of the Target. The Financial Statements present fairly in
all material respects the financial position of the Target as of
the respective date of such statements and the results of
operations of the Target for the periods covered thereby. The
Financial Statements reflect all necessary adjustments and reserves
for losses and contingencies in accordance with GAAP, subject, in
the case of the unaudited interim financial statements, to normal
year-end adjustments.
(iv) The Target has no liabilities (including unasserted claims, matured
or unmatured, absolute, contingent or otherwise), except as
otherwise set forth in this Agreement, that, in accordance with the
Target's prior practice are required to be reflected and are not
reflected, or are in excess of the amount reflected, in the balance
sheet dated March 31, 1999 and a part of SCHEDULE 3(e)(ii) except
(i) those incurred since the date of such balance sheet in the
ordinary course of business, consistent with past practice, in
arms-length transactions with unrelated parties, and which do not
have and cannot reasonably be expected to have, in the aggregate, a
Material Adverse Effect and (ii) those specifically described on
SCHEDULE 3(e)(iv) hereto.
(v) Since December 31, 1998, the Target has not suffered any material
adverse change in its business, operations or financial condition,
except as disclosed in SCHEDULE 3(e)(v).
(f) GOVERNMENT AND OTHER CONSENTS. No authorization or approval or other
action by, and no notice to or filing with, any governmental authority is
required to be obtained or made, and no consent of any third party is required
to be obtained by the Target for the due execution, delivery and performance of
this Agreement.
(g) TAX RETURNS AND PAYMENTS. Except as set forth in SCHEDULE 3(g) hereto, all
tax returns, federal, state, local, foreign and other, (including all federal
tax returns and reports for each fiscal
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year of the Target through the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998) required
to be filed by and/or on behalf of the Target in respect of any taxes
(including all foreign, federal, state, county and local income, ad valorem,
excise, sales, use, transfer and other taxes and assessments) have been
filed, and all taxes due and payable thereon, or otherwise due and payable by
the Target, have been paid. There are no deficiency assessments against the
Target with respect to any foreign, federal, state, local or other taxes.
There are no outstanding agreements or waivers extending the period of
limitation applicable for assessment or collection for any federal, state,
local or foreign tax, or for the filing of any tax return, in respect of the
Target for any period. Except as set forth in SCHEDULE 3(g) hereto, neither
the federal tax returns nor any state, county, local or foreign tax returns
of the Target have in the past been examined by the Internal Revenue Service
or any other taxing authority. Copies of all federal, state, local and
foreign tax returns or reports of the Target filed since 1994 and prior to
the Closing Date have heretofore been made available to the Buyer. All tax
returns filed by or on behalf of the Target are true, correct and complete in
all material respects. All taxes that the Target is or was required to
withhold or collect (including payroll taxes) have been duly withheld, or
collected, and paid to the proper governmental authority.
(h) CONTRACTS. Attached hereto as SCHEDULE 3(h) is a list of all material
agreements, contracts, notes, mortgages, deeds of trust, indentures, property
and equipment leases and licenses, to which the Target is a party or by which it
is bound (the "CONTRACTS"). The Contracts are valid, legally binding and
enforceable against Target and, to the Knowledge of Target, the other parties
thereto, in accordance with their terms and are in full force and effect, with
the exception of any of the Contracts marked "pending". Copies of the Contracts
have been delivered to the Buyer.
(i) LITIGATION. No claim, action, suit or other proceeding against the Target
is pending or, to the Knowledge of the Target, threatened before or by any
court, administrative or regulatory body, or other governmental authority,
except as set forth on SCHEDULE 3(i) hereto. There is no judgment, order, writ,
injunction, decree or award issued by any governmental authority outstanding
against the Target, except as set forth on SCHEDULE 3(i) hereto.
(j) ACCOUNTS, POWERS OF ATTORNEY. There are no persons holding a power of
attorney on behalf of the Target. SCHEDULE 3(j) lists the names and addresses
of each bank or other financial institution in which the Target has an account,
deposit or safe-deposit box, including the number of each such account, deposit
and safe-deposit box.
(k) INSURANCE. There are no insurance policies maintained by or on behalf of
the Target in effect on the Closing Date except as set forth on SCHEDULE 3(k)
hereto.
(l) NO SUBSIDIARIES OR JOINT VENTURES. Except as set forth on SCHEDULE 3(l)
hereto, the Target does not own, directly or indirectly, beneficially or of
record, or have any obligation to acquire, any stock of, or other equity or
ownership interest in, any Person. The Target is not a party to nor owns any
interest in any joint venture.
(m) MINUTE BOOKS. All minute books of the Target (except those for periods
prior to 1992, some of which have been lost or destroyed or are incomplete) have
been made available to the Buyer for review.
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(n) EMPLOYEES. The Target has no employees and no employee benefit plans or
pension plans (as defined in Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act of 1974 ("ERISA")) or any incentive, bonus, stock option, stock
appreciation or parachute program or any other type of employee compensation
arrangement or program, except as set forth on SCHEDULE 3(n) hereto. Neither
the Target nor any employee benefit or pension plan previously maintained by the
Target has any unsatisfied liability or obligation to any former employee of the
Target.
(o) ERISA AFFILIATES. (i) No employee benefit plan (as defined in Section 3(3)
of ERISA) of an ERISA Affiliate (as hereinafter defined) is covered by Title IV
of ERISA, (ii) no prohibited transaction (as defined in Section 406 of ERISA or
Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "CODE")) or
breach of a fiduciary duty under ERISA has occurred with respect to any plan of
an ERISA Affiliate, (iii) no action, suit or proceeding, hearing, or
investigation of the assets of any plan of an ERISA Affiliate is pending or
threatened, (iv) none of the directors or officers or employees of the Target
has any Knowledge of any basis for any such action, suit, proceeding, hearing or
investigation, and (v) there has been no waived or unwaived "accumulated funding
deficiency" within the meaning of Section 302(a)(2) of ERISA with respect to any
plan of an ERISA Affiliate. "ERISA AFFILIATE" shall mean an organization
(whether or not incorporated) which is under common control, or a member of an
affiliated service group, with the Target and, with the Target, is treated as a
single employer under Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code.
(p) TOXIC WASTES; EMPLOYEE SAFETY, ETC.
(i) Definitions. For purposes of this Agreement, the following
capitalized terms shall have the meanings set forth below:
(a) "HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES" shall mean any chemical, compound,
material, mixture, living organism or substance that is now
or hereafter defined or listed in, or otherwise classified
or regulated in any way pursuant to, any Environmental Laws
as a "HAZARDOUS WASTE," "HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE," "HAZARDOUS
MATERIAL," "EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS WASTE," "INFECTIOUS WASTE,"
"TOXIC SUBSTANCE," "TOXIC POLLUTANT" or any other
formulation intended to define, list, or classify substances
by reason of deleterious properties, including,
ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, carcinogenicity or
toxicity, such materials to include oil, waste oil,
petroleum waste petroleum, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs),
asbestos, radon, natural gas, natural gas liquids, liquefied
natural gas, or synthetic gas usable for fuel (or mixtures
of natural gas and such synthetic gas).
(b) "ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS" shall mean applicable federal, state,
or local laws, including common law, statutes, rules,
regulations, codes or ordinances, requirements under
licenses, permits, franchises, approvals or contracts,
orders, demands, decrees, judgments, directives, injunctions
and requirements of any other governmental authority,
relating to the protection of health, safety or the
environment.
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(ii) The Target is not in actual or alleged violation of any
Environmental Laws, arising from the operation or use of the
Target's business and facilities.
(iii) No property currently or formerly owned, operated or used by the
Target or any property to which the Target may have transported,
treated or disposed or arranged for the transport, treatment or
disposal of Hazardous Substances is listed as a site on the
National Priorities List (as defined in the Comprehensive
Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as
amended) or comparable federal, state or local list of sites of
environmental concern. In addition, none of such sites are or have
been the subject of any remediation, removal, cleanup,
investigation, response action, claim, judgment or enforcement
action regarding any actual or alleged presence of Hazardous
Substances.
(iv) There have been no releases of Hazardous Substances on, under, from
or into any property, operated or used by the Target during the
time of their ownership, operation or use or prior to the Target's
ownership, operation or use.
(v) There are no civil, criminal or administrative actions, suits,
demands, claims, hearings, proceedings or notices pending or, to
the Knowledge of the Target, threatened against the Target under
any Environmental Laws, including those related to any allegations
of economic loss, personal injury, illness or damage to real or
personal property or the environment. There are no facts or
circumstances which are reasonably likely to give rise to such a
claim.
(vi) The Target is not a party or a successor in interest to any
contract or agreement, including any purchase agreements, leases,
indemnities or guaranties, pursuant to which the Target has assumed
or agreed to be responsible for any current or contingent
liabilities with respect to any Hazardous Substances or any matters
under Environmental Laws.
(q) PERMITS, LICENSES, ETC. The Company holds all franchises, licenses,
permits, certificates, authorizations, rights or other approvals issued or
granted by each applicable governmental authority which is necessary for the
lawful conduct of its business, except where the failure to hold such would not
have a Material Adverse Effect.
(r) EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS. The employment contracts described on SCHEDULE 3(r)
hereto are valid and in full force and effect and constitute the legal, valid
and binding obligations of the Target and there are no existing defaults by the
parties thereto.
(s) INTANGIBLE ASSETS. The Target owns or has the right to use all trademarks,
tradenames, service marks, logos, patents, copyright registrations, similar
rights and applications for any of the foregoing (collectively, "INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY") that are required for or used in the operation or conduct of its
business as presently operated or conducted. No Intellectual Property Rights
used by the Target, and no goods or services sold by the Target, violate or
infringe upon any intellectual property rights of any other Person.
(t) TANGIBLE ASSETS. The Target owns or leases all buildings, machinery,
equipment, and other tangible assets used in the operation or conduct of its
business as presently operated or
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conducted, except for any equipment listed or described on SCHEDULE 3(t)
hereto (the "TANGIBLE ASSETS"). The Tangible Assets, taken as a whole, are
free from material defects (patent and latent), have been maintained in
accordance with normal industry practice, are in good operating condition and
repair (subject to normal wear and tear), and are suitable for the purposes
for which presently is used. Except as set forth on SCHEDULE 3(t) hereto,
the Tangible Assets are free and clear of liens, claims of third parties,
security interests, and any other encumbrances whatsoever.
(u) BROKERS' FEES. The Target has no liability or obligation to pay any fees
or commissions to any broker, finder, or agent with respect to the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement.
(v) DISCLOSURE. The Notice of Special Meeting will not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order
to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which
they will be made, not misleading.
4. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE PRIMARY SHAREHOLDERS. Each of the
Primary Shareholders, jointly and severally, represent and warrant to the
Buyer and the Transitory Subsidiary that the statements contained in this
Section 4 are correct and complete as of the date of this Agreement and will
be correct and complete in all material respects as of the Closing Date (as
though made then and as though the Closing Date were substituted for the date
of this Agreement throughout this Section 4), except as set forth in Section
9 hereof and on the Disclosure Schedule.
(a) EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS. The employment contracts of Thomas Fleischman and
Lee Dichter with the Target are included on SCHEDULE 3(r) hereto. To the
Knowledge of one or more of the Primary Shareholders, such employment contracts
are valid and in full force and effect and there are no existing or claimed
defaults by the parties thereto.
(b) TANGIBLE ASSETS. The Target owns or leases all the Tangible Assets.
Except as set forth on SCHEDULE 3(t) hereto, the Tangible Assets are free and
clear of liens, claims of third parties, security interests, and any other
encumbrances.
(c) CONTRACTS. Attached hereto as SCHEDULE 3(h) is a list of all the
Contracts. To the Knowledge of one or more of the Primary Shareholders and with
the exception of any of the Contracts marked "pending", the Contracts are valid
and in full force and effect and there are no existing or claimed defaults by
the parties thereto. Copies of the Contracts have been delivered to the Buyer.
(d) TAX RETURNS AND PAYMENTS. Copies of all federal, state, local and foreign
tax returns or reports of the Target (the "TAX RETURNS") filed since 1994 and
have heretofore been made available to the Buyer. All taxes shown as due on
such Tax Returns have been paid. No federal, state or local audits or other
administrative or court proceedings are presently pending or, to the Knowledge
of one or more of the Primary Shareholders, threatened with regard to any Tax
Returns or taxes of the Target which, if determined adversely, would have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Target. To the Knowledge of one or more of the
Primary Shareholders, no such audit or proceeding would result in the imposition
of any penalty for fraud under any federal, state, or local statute or
regulation.
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(e) LITIGATION. Except as set forth on Schedule 3(i), to the Knowledge of one
or more of the Primary Shareholders, (i) no suit or other proceeding against the
Target is pending before or by any court, administrative or regulatory body, or
other governmental authority or has been threatened in writing, and (ii) there
is no judgment, order, writ, injunction, decree or award issued by any
governmental authority outstanding against the Target.
(f) UNDISCLOSED LIABILITIES. To the Knowledge of one or more of the Primary
Shareholders, as of March 31, 1999 the Target has no liabilities of a type
required to be set forth on a balance sheet by GAAP other than the liabilities
set forth on the March 31, 1999 balance sheet contained in the recent Financial
Statements, except (i) those incurred since the date of such balance sheet in
the ordinary course of business, consistent with past practice, in arms-length
transactions with unrelated parties, and which do not have and cannot reasonably
be expected to have, in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect and (ii) those
specifically described on SCHEDULE 3(e)(iv) hereto. To the Knowledge of one or
more of the Primary Shareholders, since December 31, 1998, the Target has not
suffered any material adverse change in its business, operations or financial
condition, except as disclosed in SCHEDULE 3(e)(v). For the purposes of the
preceding sentence, "material adverse change" shall not include any change
affecting the post-production sound industry as a whole or any other change that
would not be required to be reflected on financial statements of the Target
prepared in accordance with GAAP and dated as of the date hereof (provided that
the limitations set forth in this sentence shall not affect any representation
in this Agreement, other than the representation set forth in the preceding
sentence).
(g) BONUSES. Except for their ordinary compensation as set forth on SCHEDULE
4(g) hereto, none of the Primary Shareholders has received from the Target any
cash bonus or any other form of additional cash compensation for the period
commencing on January 1, 1999 until the Effective time (and each of the Primary
Shareholders waives all claims to receive any bonuses or other forms of
additional compensation related to such time period).
5. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE BUYER AND THE TRANSITORY SUBSIDIARY.
Each of the Buyer and the Transitory Subsidiary, jointly and severally,
represents and warrants to the Target that the statements contained in this
Section 5 are correct and complete in all material respects as of the date of
this Agreement and will be correct and complete as of the Closing Date (as
though made then and as though the Closing Date were substituted for the date of
this Agreement throughout this Section 5), except as set forth in the Disclosure
Schedule. The Disclosure Schedule will be arranged in paragraphs corresponding
to the numbered and lettered paragraphs contained in this Section 5.
(a) ORGANIZATION. Each of the Buyer and the Transitory Subsidiary is a
corporation duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing under the
laws of the jurisdiction of their incorporation.
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF TRANSACTION. Each of the Buyer and the Transitory
Subsidiary has full power and authority (including full corporate power and
authority) to execute and deliver this Agreement and to perform its
obligations hereunder and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby.
The execution, delivery and performance by Buyer and the Transitory
Subsidiary of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby have been approved by the respective Boards of Directors
of the Buyer and the Transitory
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Subsidiary and by TAO East as the sole stockholder of the Transitory
Subsidiary, and have been duly authorized by all other necessary corporate
action on the part of the Buyer, TAO East and the Transitory Subsidiary. This
Agreement constitutes the valid and legally binding obligation of each of the
Buyer and the Transitory Subsidiary, enforceable in accordance with its terms
and conditions.
(c) NONCONTRAVENTION. To the Knowledge of any director or officer of the
Buyer, neither the execution and the delivery of this Agreement, nor the
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, will (i) violate any
constitution, statute, regulation, rule, injunction, judgment, order, decree,
ruling, charge, or other restriction of any government, governmental agency, or
court to which either the Buyer or the Transitory Subsidiary is subject or any
provision of the charter or by-laws of either the Buyer or the Transitory
Subsidiary or (ii) conflict with, result in a breach of, constitute a default
under, result in the acceleration of, create in any party the right to
accelerate, terminate, modify, or cancel, or require any notice under any
agreement, contract, lease, license, instrument, or other arrangement to which
either the Buyer or the Transitory Subsidiary is a party or by which it is bound
or to which any of its assets is subject, except where the violation, conflict,
breach, default, acceleration, termination, modification, cancellation, or
failure to give notice would not have a material adverse effect on the ability
of the Parties to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
To the Knowledge of any director or officer of the Buyer, and other than in
connection with the provisions of the New York Business Corporation Law, the
Securities Exchange Act, the Securities Act, and state securities laws, neither
the Buyer, nor the Transitory Subsidiary needs to give any notice to, make any
filing with, or obtain any authorization, consent, or approval of any government
or governmental agency in order for the Parties to consummate the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement, except where the failure to give notice, to
file, or to obtain any authorization, consent, or approval would not have a
material adverse effect on the ability of the Parties to consummate the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(d) BROKERS' FEES. Neither the Buyer nor the Transitory Subsidiary has any
liability or obligation to pay any fees or commissions to any broker, finder, or
agent with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
6. COVENANTS. The Parties agree as follows with respect to the period from
and after the execution of this Agreement.
(a) GENERAL. Each of the Parties will use its best efforts to take all action
and to do all things necessary, in order to consummate and make effective the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement (including satisfaction, but not
waiver, of the closing conditions set forth in Section 7 below).
(b) REGULATORY MATTERS AND APPROVALS. Each of the Parties will give any
notices to, make any filings with, and use its best efforts to obtain any
authorizations, consents, and approvals of governments, governmental agencies
and third parties in connection with the matters referred to in Section 3(d),
Section 3(f) and Section 5(c) above. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, the Target will call a special meeting of its stockholders (the
"SPECIAL MEETING"), as soon as practicable in order that the stockholders of the
Target may consider and vote upon the adoption of this Agreement and the
approval of the Merger in accordance with the New York Business Corporation Law.
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The Target will mail a Notice of the Special Meeting to its stockholders as soon
as practicable. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Notice of Special Meeting
shall be mailed to the Target Shareholders no more than 7 days after the date of
this Agreement and the Special Meeting shall be held no more than 14 days after
such mailing date.
(c) OPERATION OF BUSINESS. During the period commencing on the date hereof and
ending at the Effective Time, the Target will not engage in any practice, take
any action, or enter into any transaction outside the Ordinary Course of
Business, except (i) as permitted, required or contemplated by this Agreement,
(ii) as consented to or approved by Buyer in writing and (iii) that the Target
may make a lump sum cash payment to each of the employees of the Target listed
on SCHEDULE 6(c) in the amounts set forth opposite their respective names on
such Schedule. Without limiting the generality but subject to the exceptions of
the foregoing:
(i) the Target will not authorize or effect any change in its
certificate of incorporation or by-laws;
(ii) the Target will not grant any options, warrants, or other rights to
purchase or obtain any of its capital stock or issue, sell, or
otherwise dispose of any of its capital stock (except upon the
conversion or exercise of options, warrants, and other rights
currently outstanding);
(iii) the Target will not declare, set aside, or pay any dividend or
distribution with respect to its capital stock (whether in cash or
in kind), or redeem, repurchase, or otherwise acquire any of its
capital stock;
(iv) the Target will not issue any note, bond, or other debt security or
create, incur, assume, or guarantee any indebtedness for borrowed
money or capitalized lease obligation outside the Ordinary Course
of Business;
(v) the Target will not impose any Security Interest upon any of its
assets outside the Ordinary Course of Business;
(vi) the Target will not make any capital investment in, make any loan
to, or acquire the securities or assets of any other Person outside
the Ordinary Course of Business;
(vii) the Target will not make any change in employment terms for any of
its directors, officers, and employees outside the Ordinary Course
of Business; and
(viii) the Target will not commit to do any of the foregoing.
(d) FULL ACCESS. The Target will provide representatives of the Buyer with
access at reasonable times to the premises, properties, personnel, books,
records (including tax records), contracts, and documents of or pertaining to
the Target. Each of the Buyer and the Transitory Subsidiary will treat any
Confidential Information it receives from the Target in the course of the
reviews contemplated by this Section 6(d), as provided in the Confidentiality
Agreement.
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(e) NOTICE OF DEVELOPMENTS. Each Party will give prompt written notice to the
others of any material adverse development causing a breach of any of its own
representations and warranties in Section 3, Section 4, and Section 5 above. No
disclosure by any Party pursuant to this Section 6(f), however, shall be deemed
to amend or supplement the Disclosure Schedule or to prevent or cure any
misrepresentation, breach of warranty, or breach of covenant.
(f) EXCLUSIVITY. The Target will not solicit, initiate, or engage in
discussions regarding any proposal or offer from any Person relating to the
acquisition of all or substantially all of the capital stock or assets of the
Target (including any acquisition structured as a merger, consolidation, or
share exchange). The Target shall notify the Buyer immediately if any Person
makes any proposal, offer, inquiry, or contact with respect to any of the
foregoing.
(g) INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS.
(i) With respect to acts and omissions occurring prior to the Effective
Time by the Primary Shareholders, in their capacities as directors
and/or officers and/or employees of the Target (as the case may
be), and notwithstanding the amendment of the certificate of
incorporation and the by-laws of the Surviving Corporation provided
for in Sections 2(d)(ii) and 2(d)(iii) above, the Surviving
Corporation agrees that the Primary Shareholders shall continue to
be indemnified by the Surviving Corporation after the Effective
Time as provided for in the certificate of incorporation and the
by-laws of the Target in effect on the date hereof.
(ii) With respect to acts and omissions occurring after the Effective
Time, each Primary Shareholder who continues as director and/or
officer and/or employee of the Surviving Corporation shall be
entitled to the same indemnification rights afforded to a director
or officer or employee of the Surviving Corporation by the
Surviving Corporation's certificate of incorporation and by-laws,
as amended as provided for in Sections 2(d)(ii) and 2(d)(iii)
above.
(h) EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS. Each of the Buyer and the Transitory Subsidiary
covenants and agrees that it will continue the Target's existing employee
benefit plans and similar arrangements for a period of at least twelve (12)
months following the Effective Time.
7. CONDITIONS TO OBLIGATION TO CLOSE.
(a) CONDITIONS TO OBLIGATION OF THE BUYER AND THE TRANSITORY SUBSIDIARY. The
obligation of each of the Buyer and the Transitory Subsidiary to consummate the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement is subject to satisfaction of the
following conditions:
(i) this Agreement and the Merger shall have received the Requisite
Stockholder Approval and the number of Dissenting Shares shall not
exceed 10% of the total number of outstanding Target Shares;
(ii) the representations and warranties set forth in Section 3 and
Section 4 above shall be true and correct in all material respects
at and as of the Closing Date;
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(iii) the Target shall have performed and complied in all material
respects with all covenants required to be performed or complied
with by it prior to or on the Closing Date;
(iv) no action, suit, or proceeding shall be pending or threatened
before any court or quasi-judicial or administrative agency of any
federal, state, local, or foreign jurisdiction or before any
arbitrator wherein an unfavorable injunction, judgment, order,
decree, ruling, or charge would (A) prevent consummation of any of
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (B) cause any of
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement to be rescinded
following consummation, (C) affect adversely the right of TAO East
to own, or the Buyer to indirectly own, the capital stock of the
Surviving Corporation and to control the Surviving Corporation, or
(D) affect adversely the right of any of the Surviving Corporation
to own its assets and to operate its businesses (and no such
injunction, judgment, order, decree, ruling, or charge shall be in
effect);
(v) the Target shall have delivered to the Buyer and the Transitory
Subsidiary a certificate to the effect that each of the conditions
specified above in Section 7(a)(i)-(iv) is satisfied in all
respects;
(vi) the Buyer and the Transitory Subsidiary shall have received from
counsel to the Target an opinion in form and substance as set forth
in EXHIBIT C attached hereto, addressed to the Buyer and the
Transitory Subsidiary, and dated as of the Closing Date;
(vii) the Buyer and the Transitory Subsidiary shall have received the
resignations, effective as of the Closing, of each director and
officer of the Target other than those whom the Buyer shall have
specified in writing at least one business day prior to the
Closing;
(viii) the employment agreement between Koch and the Buyer executed on the
date hereof (the "EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT") shall be in full force and
effect at the Effective Time;
(ix) the non-competition agreement between Koch and the Buyer (the "KOCH
NON-COMPETITION AGREEMENT") shall be full force and effect at the
Effective Time;
(x) the non-competition agreement between Birnbaum and the Buyer (the
"BIRNBAUM NON-COMPETITION AGREEMENT") shall be full force and
effect at the Effective Time; and
(xi) Koch, Birnbaum, and Spera shall have delivered to the Buyer and the
Transitory Subsidiary a release in the form attached hereto as
EXHIBIT D.
The Buyer and the Transitory Subsidiary may waive any condition specified in
this Section 7(a) if they execute a writing so stating at or prior to the
Closing.
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(b) CONDITIONS TO OBLIGATION OF THE TARGET. The obligation of the Target to
consummate the transactions to be performed by it in connection with the Closing
is subject to satisfaction of the following conditions:
(i) this Agreement and the Merger shall have received the Requisite
Stockholder Approval and the number of Dissenting Shares shall not
exceed 10% of the total number of outstanding Target Shares;
(ii) the representations and warranties set forth in Section 5 above
shall be true and correct at and as of the Closing Date;
(iii) each of the Buyer and the Transitory Subsidiary shall have
performed and complied with all covenants required to be performed
or complied with by it prior to or on the Closing Date;
(iv) no action, suit, or proceeding shall be pending or threatened
before any court or quasi-judicial or administrative agency of any
federal, state, local, or foreign jurisdiction or before any
arbitrator wherein an unfavorable injunction, judgment, order,
decree, ruling, or charge would (A) prevent consummation of any of
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (B) cause any of
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement to be rescinded
following consummation, (C) affect adversely the right of TAO East
to own, or the Buyer to indirectly own, the capital stock of the
Surviving Corporation and to control the Surviving Corporation, or
(D) affect adversely the right of the Surviving Corporation to own
its assets and to operate its businesses (and no such injunction,
judgment, order, decree, ruling, or charge shall be in effect);
(v) each of the Buyer and the Transitory Subsidiary shall have
delivered to the Target a certificate to the effect that each of
the conditions specified above in Section 7(b)(i)-(iii) is
satisfied in all respects;
(vi) this Agreement and the Merger shall have received the Requisite
Stockholder Approval; and
(vii) the Target shall have received from counsel to the Buyer and the
Transitory Subsidiary an opinion in form and substance as set forth
in EXHIBIT E attached hereto, addressed to the Target, and dated as
of the Closing Date;
(viii) the Employment Agreement shall be in full force and effect at the
Effective Time;
(ix) the Koch Non-Competition Agreement shall be full force and effect
at the Effective Time;
(x) the Birnbaum Non-Competition Agreement shall be full force and
effect at the Effective Time; and
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(xi) Koch, Birnbaum, and Spera shall have delivered to the Target a
release in the form attached hereto as EXHIBIT D.
The Target may waive any condition specified in this Section 7(b) if it executes
a writing so stating at or prior to the Closing.
8. TERMINATION.
(a) TERMINATION OF AGREEMENT. This Agreement may be terminated and the
transactions contemplated hereby may be abandoned at any time prior to the
Effective Time, (whether before or after Requisite Stockholder Approval),
(i) by mutual written consent of the Parties;
(ii) by the Buyer by giving written notice to the Target at any time
prior to the Effective Time (A) in the event the Target has
breached any material representation, warranty, or covenant
contained in this Agreement in any material respect, the Buyer has
notified the Target of the breach, and the breach has continued
without cure for a period of 10 days after the notice of breach or
(B) if the Closing shall not have occurred on or before July 31,
1999, by reason of the failure of any condition precedent under
Section 7(a) hereof (unless the failure results primarily from the
Buyer or the Transitory Subsidiary breaching any representation,
warranty, or covenant contained in this Agreement);
(iii) by the Target by giving written notice to the Buyer and the
Transitory Subsidiary at any time prior to the Effective Time (A)
in the event the Buyer or the Transitory Subsidiary has breached
any material representation, warranty, or covenant contained in
this Agreement in any material respect, the Target has notified the
Buyer of the breach, and the breach has continued without cure for
a period of 10 days after the notice of breach or (B) if the
Closing shall not have occurred on or before July 31, 1999, by
reason of the failure of any condition precedent under Section 7(b)
hereof (unless the failure results primarily from the Target
breaching any representation, warranty, or covenant contained in
this Agreement); and
(iv) by any Party by giving written notice to the other Parties at any
time after the Special Meeting in the event this Agreement fails to
receive the Requisite Stockholder Approval.
(b) EFFECT OF TERMINATION. If any Party terminates this Agreement pursuant to
Section 8(a) above, all rights and obligations of the Parties hereunder shall
terminate without any liability of any Party to any other Party (except for any
liability of any Party then in breach); provided, however, that the
confidentiality provisions contained in the Confidentiality Agreement shall
survive any such termination.
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9. SURVIVAL OF REPRESENTATIONS; INDEMNIFICATION
(a) SURVIVAL OF REPRESENTATIONS, PRIMARY SHAREHOLDERS. The Target and the
Primary Shareholders agree that, notwithstanding any right or ability of the
Buyer and the Transitory Subsidiary fully to investigate the affairs of the
Target, any knowledge of facts determined or determinable by the Buyer and the
Transitory Subsidiary pursuant to such investigations or right of or ability to
investigate, or any qualifications contained in the opinions of the Target's
counsel, the Buyer and the Transitory Subsidiary have the right to rely fully
upon the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements of the Target and
the Primary Shareholders contained in this Agreement and on the accuracy of any
schedule, exhibit, document or certificate annexed hereto or delivered to the
Buyer and the Transitory Subsidiary pursuant hereto. All representations and
warranties of the Primary Shareholders and the Buyer and the Transitory
Subsidiary (but not the Target) contained herein shall survive the Closing for a
period of 12 months after the Closing Date.
(b) INDEMNIFICATION BY THE PRIMARY SHAREHOLDERS. Subject to written notice of
such claim for indemnification being given to the Primary Shareholders within
the appropriate survival period referred to in Section 9(a), from and after the
Effective Time, each of the Primary Shareholders, subject to the last sentence
of this Section 9(b) jointly and severally, covenant and agree to indemnify and
hold harmless the Buyer, the Surviving Corporation, their affiliates, and each
of their respective directors, officers, employees, agents, successors and
assigns (each, a "BUYER INDEMNIFIED PARTY") from and against all losses,
damages, liabilities or expenses (including reasonable legal fees and expenses
incurred in connection with any action, suit or proceeding against any thereof)
to the extent resulting from or arising out of any breach of a representation or
warranty of the Primary Shareholders contained in Section 4 of this Agreement.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the Primary
Shareholders shall not have any liability under this Section 9(b) for the breach
of any representation or warranty made by the Primary Shareholder in Section 4
hereof unless the aggregate of all losses, damages, liabilities and expenses
relating thereto for which the Primary Shareholders would, but for this proviso,
be liable exceeds on a cumulative basis an amount equal to $250,000, and then
only to the extent of such excess; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, the Primary Shareholders
shall not have any liability under this Section 9(b) for losses, damages,
liabilities and expenses that exceed on a cumulative basis an amount equal to
$850,000. The liability of each of the Primary Shareholders shall be limited to
one-third of the aggregate indemnified liability for which the Primary
Shareholders in the aggregate are liable.
Nothing in this Agreement shall limit the right of the Buyer or Surviving
Corporation to assert a claim for fraud, willful misconduct or gross negligence
against any of the Primary Shareholders relating to the period prior to the
Effective Time.
(c) NOTICE CLAIM. The Buyer and the Surviving Corporation, on the one hand,
and each of the Primary Shareholders, on the other hand, shall promptly notify
the other of any claim, suit or demand of which the notifying party has
Knowledge which entitles it to indemnification under this Section 9, provided,
however, that the delay or failure of any party required to provide such
notification shall not affect the liability of the indemnifying party hereunder
except to the extent the indemnifying party is harmed by such delay or failure.
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(d) DEFENSE. If the liability or claim for which indemnification under this
Section 9 is sought is asserted by a third party, the indemnifying party shall
have, at its election, the right to defend any such matter at its sole cost and
expense through counsel chosen by it and reasonably acceptable to the
indemnified party (provided that the indemnifying party shall have no such right
if it is contesting its liability under this Section 9). If the indemnifying
party so undertakes to defend, the indemnifying party shall promptly notify the
indemnified party hereto of its intention to do so. The indemnifying party
shall not, without the indemnified party's written consent, settle or compromise
any claim or consent to an entry of judgment which does not include as an
unconditional term thereof a release of the indemnified party.
(e) COOPERATION AND CONFLICTS. Each party agrees in all cases to cooperate
with the indemnifying party and its counsel in the defense of any such
liabilities or claims. The indemnifying party and the indemnified party or
parties may be represented by the same counsel unless such representation would
be inappropriate due to conflicts of interest between them. In addition, the
indemnified party or parties shall at all times be entitled to monitor and
participate in such defense through the appointment of counsel of its or their
own choosing, at its or their own cost and expense.
10. MISCELLANEOUS.
(a) PRESS RELEASES AND PUBLIC ANNOUNCEMENTS. No Party shall issue any press
release or make any public announcement relating to the subject matter of this
Agreement without the prior written approval of the other Parties; PROVIDED,
HOWEVER, that any Party may make any public disclosure it believes in good faith
is required by applicable law or any listing or trading agreement concerning its
publicly-traded securities (in which case the disclosing Party will use its
reasonable best efforts to advise the other Party prior to making the
disclosure).
(b) NO THIRD-PARTY BENEFICIARIES. This Agreement shall not confer any rights
or remedies upon any Person other than the Parties and their respective
successors and permitted assigns; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that (i) the provisions in
Section 2 above concerning payment of the Merger Consideration are intended for
the benefit of the Target Stockholders and (ii) the provisions in Section 6(g)
above concerning indemnification are intended for the benefit of the individuals
specified therein and their respective legal representatives.
(c) ENTIRE AGREEMENT. This Agreement (including the documents referred to
herein) constitutes the entire agreement among the Parties and supersedes any
prior understandings, agreements, or representations by or among the Parties,
written or oral, to the extent they related in any way to the subject matter
hereof.
(d) SUCCESSION AND ASSIGNMENT. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure
to the benefit of the Parties named herein and their respective successors and
permitted assigns. No Party may assign either this Agreement or any of its
rights, interests, or obligations hereunder without the prior written approval
of the other Parties.
(e) COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of
which shall be deemed an original but all of which together will constitute one
and the same instrument.
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(f) HEADINGS. The section headings contained in this Agreement are inserted
for convenience only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or
interpretation of this Agreement.
(g) NOTICES. All notices, requests, demands, claims, and other communications
hereunder will be in writing. Any notice, request, demand, claim, or other
communication hereunder shall be deemed duly given if (and then two business
days after) it is sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt
requested, postage prepaid, and addressed to the intended recipient as set forth
below:
IF TO THE TARGET: COPY TO:
Sound One Corporation Baker & Botts, LLP
1619 Broadway 599 Lexington Avenue
New York, New York 10619 New York, New York 10022
Attention: Jeremy Koch Attention: Lee D. Charles, Esq.
IF TO THE BUYER: COPY TO:
The Todd-AO Corporation Graham & James, LLP
514 Via de la Valle, Suite 300A 885 Third Avenue, 21st Floor
Solana Beach, California 92075 New York, New York 10022
Attention: Judi Sanzo, Esq. Attention: Peter C. Dopsch, Esq.
IF TO THE TRANSITORY SUBSIDIARY: COPY TO:
Todd-AO East, Inc. Graham & James, LLP
c/o Todd-AO Corporation 885 Third Avenue, 21st Floor
514 Via de la Valle, Suite 300A New York, New York 10022
Solana Beach, California 92075 Attention: Peter C. Dopsch, Esq.
Attention: Judi Sanzo, Esq.
IF TO KOCH: COPY TO:
150 West End Avenue Baker & Botts, LLP
Apt. 11L 599 Lexington Avenue
New York, New York 10023 New York, New York 10022
Attention: Lee D. Charles, Esq.
IF TO BIRNBAUM: COPY TO:
140 Riverside Drive Baker & Botts, LLP
New York, New York 10024 599 Lexington Avenue
New York, New York 10022
Attention: Lee D. Charles, Esq.
IF TO SPERA: COPY TO:
126 Eagle Drive Baker & Botts, LLP
Emerson, New Jersey 07603 599 Lexington Avenue
New York, New York 10022
Attention: Lee D. Charles, Esq.
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Any Party may send any notice, request, demand, claim, or other communication
hereunder to the intended recipient at the address set forth above using any
other means (including personal delivery, expedited courier, messenger service,
telecopy, or ordinary mail), but no such notice, request, demand, claim, or
other communication shall be deemed to have been duly given unless and until it
actually is received by the intended recipient. Any Party may change the address
to which notices, requests, demands, claims, and other communications hereunder
are to be delivered by giving the other Parties notice in the manner herein set
forth.
(h) GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in
accordance with the domestic laws of the State of New York without giving effect
to any choice or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of New
York or any other jurisdiction) that would cause the application of the laws of
any jurisdiction other than the State of New York.
(i) AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS. The Parties may mutually amend any provision of
this Agreement at any time prior to the Effective Time with the prior
authorization of their respective boards of directors; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that
any amendment effected subsequent to stockholder approval will be subject to the
restrictions contained in the New York Business Corporation Law. No amendment of
any provision of this Agreement shall be valid unless the same shall be in
writing and signed by all of the Parties. No waiver by any Party of any default,
misrepresentation, or breach of warranty or covenant hereunder, whether
intentional or not, shall be deemed to extend to any prior or subsequent
default, misrepresentation, or breach of warranty or covenant hereunder or
affect in any way any rights arising by virtue of any prior or subsequent such
occurrence.
(j) SEVERABILITY. Any term or provision of this Agreement that is invalid or
unenforceable in any situation in any jurisdiction shall not affect the validity
or enforceability of the remaining terms and provisions hereof or the validity
or enforceability of the offending term or provision in any other situation or
in any other jurisdiction.
(k) EXPENSES. Each of the Parties will bear its own costs and expenses
(including legal fees and expenses) incurred in connection with this Agreement
and the transactions contemplated hereby.
(l) CONSTRUCTION. The Parties have participated jointly in the negotiation and
drafting of this Agreement. In the event an ambiguity or question of intent or
interpretation arises, this Agreement shall be construed as if drafted jointly
by the Parties and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or
disfavoring any Party by virtue of the authorship of any of the provisions of
this Agreement. Any reference to any federal, state, local, or foreign statute
or law shall be deemed also to refer to all rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder, unless the context otherwise requires. The word "INCLUDING" shall
mean including without limitation.
(m) INCORPORATION OF EXHIBITS AND SCHEDULES. The Exhibits and Schedules
identified in this Agreement are incorporated herein by reference and made a
part hereof.
(n) ENFORCEMENT. The Parties agree that irreparable damage would occur in the
event that any of the provisions of this Agreement were not performed in
accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached. It is
accordingly agreed that the Parties shall be entitled to
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seek an injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches of this Agreement and
to enforce specifically the terms and provisions of this Agreement in any
court of the United States or in New York state court, this being in addition
to any other remedy to which they are entitled at law or in equity.
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties hereto have executed this Agreement on as
of the date first above written.
THE TODD-AO CORPORATION
By: __________________________
Name:
Title:
TODD-AO EAST, INC.
By: __________________________
Name:
Title:
SOUND ONE CORPORATION
By: __________________________
Name:
Title:
WITH RESPECT TO SECTIONS 4 AND 9 ONLY:
__________________________
Jeremy Koch
__________________________
Elisha Birnbaum
__________________________
Gaetano Spera
<PAGE>
SCHEDULES AND EXHIBITS
Schedule 3(d) Noncontravention
Schedule 3(e)(ii) Target Financial Statements
Schedule 3(e)(iv) Disclosure of Additional Liabilities
Schedule 3(e)(v) Material Adverse Change
Schedule 3(g) Tax Returns and Payments
Schedule 3(h) Contracts
Schedule 3(i) Litigation
Schedule 3(j) Bank Accounts
Schedule 3(k) Insurance
Schedule 3(l) Subsidiaries or Joint Ventures
Schedule 3(n) Employees and Employee Benefit Plans
Schedule 3(r) Employment Contracts
Schedule 3(t) Tangible Assets
Schedule 4(g) Ordinary Compensation of the Primary Shareholders
Schedule 6(c) Employees Receiving Lump Sum Cash Payments
Exhibit A Form of Notice of Special Meeting
Exhibit B Certificate of Merger
Exhibit C Opinion of Counsel to Target
Exhibit D Releases of Koch, Birnbaum and Spera
Exhibit E Opinion of Counsel to Buyer
