ORION SATELLITE CORP
S-1/A, 1997-01-28
RADIO & TV BROADCASTING & COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT
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<PAGE>
   
   AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON JANUARY 28, 1997

                                                      REGISTRATION NO. 333-19167


                        SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                            WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
                               AMENDMENT NO. 4
                                      TO
                                   FORM S-1

    
                         REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER
                          THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

                         ORION NETWORK SYSTEMS, INC.*


              (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S>                           <C>                               <C>
Delaware ...................  4899                              52-2008654
(State of organization)  ...  (Primary S.I.C. Code Number)      (I.R.S. Employer & Identification Number)
</TABLE>


2440 RESEARCH BOULEVARD, SUITE 400, ROCKVILLE, MARYLAND 20850, (301) 258-8101


   (Address,     including zip code, and telephone number,  including area code,
                 of Registrant's principal executive offices)

                            RICHARD H. SHAY, ESQ.
2440 RESEARCH BOULEVARD, SUITE 400, ROCKVILLE, MARYLAND 20850, (301) 258-8101

   (Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area
                         code, of agent for service)


   For Information regarding additional registrants, see "Table of Additional
                                Registrants."

                                    Copies to:


<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S>                                                          <C>                    
                 Anthony S. Harrington, Esq.                             Jerry V. Elliott, Esq.
                   Steven M. Kaufman, Esq.                              James S. Scott, Sr., Esq.
                   HOGAN & HARTSON L.L.P.                                  SHEARMAN & STERLING
555 Thirteenth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20004-1109     599 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10022
                       (202) 637-5600                                            (212) 848-4000
</TABLE>


   Approximate  date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:  As soon as
practicable after the Registration Statement becomes effective.

   If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a
delayed or continuous  basis  pursuant to Rule 415 under the  Securities  Act of
1933, as amended, check the following box: [ ]

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant
to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list
the Securities Act  registration  number of the earlier  effective  registration
statement for the same offering. [ ]

If this Form is a  post-effective  amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under
the  Securities  Act,  check  the  following  box and  list the  Securities  Act
registration  statement number of the earlier effective  registration  statement
for the same offering. [ ]

If delivery of this prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434,
please check the following box. [ ]


<PAGE>
                                EXPLANATORY NOTE
                                ----------------

     This  Amendment  is being filed  solely for the  purpose of filing  Exhibit
10.52 to this Registration Statement.





<PAGE>


                                     PART II
                     INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

ITEM 13. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.

   The  following  table  sets  forth  the  various  expenses  to be paid by the
Registrant in connection with the sale and  distribution of the securities being
registered  hereby,  other than  underwriting  discounts  and  commissions.  All
amounts are estimated except the Securities and Exchange Commission registration
fee and the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.
filing and listing fees.

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S>                                                         <C>
Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee ......  $  181,818
National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. filing
fee.......................................................  $   30,500
Blue sky fees and expenses (including fees of counsel) ...      12,500
Printing and engraving expenses...........................     350,000
Fees and expenses of counsel for the Company..............     350,000
Accounting fees and expenses..............................     200,000
Appraisal fees and expenses...............................      56,000
Transfer agent and registrar fees.........................     150,000
Miscellaneous.............................................      50,000
 Total....................................................  $1,380,818
                                                            =============

</TABLE>

ITEM 14. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS.


   Orion. Orion's Certificate of Incorporation  provides that its directors will
not be liable for monetary  damages for breach of the directors'  fiduciary duty
of care to the Company and its  stockholders.  This provision in the Certificate
of  Incorporation  does  not  eliminate  the duty of  care,  and in  appropriate
circumstances  equitable  remedies  such as an  injunction  or  other  forms  of
non-monetary  relief would remain  available  under  Delaware law. In accordance
with  the  requirements  of  Delaware  law,  as  amended,   the  Certificate  of
Incorporation  provide that the  Company=s  directors  would  remain  subject to
liability  for  monetary  damages (i) for any breach of their duty of loyalty to
the  corporation  or its  shareholders,  (ii) for acts or omissions  not in good
faith or involving  intentional  misconduct or knowing  violation of law,  (iii)
under Section 174 of the Delaware  Code for approval of an unlawful  dividend or
an unlawful stock purchase or redemption and (iv) for any transaction from which
the director derived an improper personal benefit.  This provision also does not
affect a director's  responsibilities  under any other laws, such as the federal
securities laws or state or federal environmental laws.

   Orion's  Certificate of Incorporation also provides that, except as expressly
prohibited  by law,  Orion shall  indemnify any person who was or is a party (or
threatened to be made a party) to any threatened,  pending or completed  action,
suit or  proceeding  by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director
or officer of Orion (or is or was  serving at the request of Orion as a director
or officer of another  enterprise),  against  expenses,  liabilities  and losses
(including attorney's fees), judgments,  fines and amounts paid or to be paid in
settlement  actually and reasonably  incurred by such person in connection  with
such action,  suit or proceeding if such person acted in good faith and a manner
such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of
Orion, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable
cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. Such indemnification shall not
be made in respect of any claim,  issue or matter as to which such person  shall
have been  adjudged to be liable to Orion  unless (and only to the extent  that)
the  Delaware  Court of  Chancery  or the court in which such action or suit was
brought  determines that, in view of all  circumstances of the case, such person
is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity.

   Old ONSI. Old ONSI's Certificate of Incorporation provides that its directors
will not be liable for monetary  damages for breach of the directors'  fiduciary
duty of care to Old ONSI and its stockholders. This provision in the Certificate
of  Incorporation  does  not  eliminate  the duty of  care,  and in  appropriate
circumstances  equitable  remedies  such as an  injunction  or  other  forms  of
non-monetary  relief would remain  available  under  Delaware law. In accordance
with the requirements of Delaware law, as

                                      II-1

<PAGE>

amended,  the  Certificate of  Incorporation  provide that Old ONSI's  directors
would  remain  subject to liability  for monetary  damages (i) for any breach of
their duty of loyalty to the corporation or its  shareholders,  (ii) for acts or
omissions  not in good  faith or  involving  intentional  misconduct  or knowing
violation of law,  (iii) under  Section 174 of the Delaware Code for approval of
an unlawful  dividend or an unlawful  stock  purchase or redemption and (iv) for
any transaction  from which the director derived an improper  personal  benefit.
This  provision  also does not affect a  director's  responsibilities  under any
other  laws,   such  as  the  federal   securities  laws  or  state  or  federal
environmental laws.

   Old  ONSI's  Certificate  of  Incorporation  also  provides  that,  except as
expressly prohibited by law, Old ONSI shall indemnify any person who was or is a
party (or threatened to be made a party) to any threatened, pending or completed
action,  suit or  proceeding  by reason of the fact that such person is or was a
director or officer of Old ONSI (or is or was serving at the request of Old ONSI
as a  director,  officer,  employee  or agent of  another  enterprise),  against
expenses,  liabilities and losses (including attorney's fees), judgments,  fines
and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by
such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding.

   OrionSat. OrionSat's Certificate of Incorporation provides that its directors
will not be liable for monetary  damages for breach of the directors'  fiduciary
duty of care to OrionSat and its stockholders. This provision in the Certificate
of  Incorporation  does  not  eliminate  the duty of  care,  and in  appropriate
circumstances  equitable  remedies  such as an  injunction  or  other  forms  of
non-monetary  relief would remain  available  under  Delaware law. In accordance
with  the  requirements  of  Delaware  law,  as  amended,   the  Certificate  of
Incorporation  provides  that  OrionSat's  directors  would  remain  subject  to
liability  for  monetary  damages (i) for any breach of their duty of loyalty to
the  corporation  or its  shareholders,  (ii) for acts or omissions  not in good
faith or involving  intentional  misconduct or knowing  violation of law,  (iii)
under Section 174 of the Delaware  Code for approval of an unlawful  dividend or
an unlawful stock purchase or redemption and (iv) for any transaction from which
the director derived an improper personal benefit.  This provision also does not
affect a director's  responsibilities  under any other laws, such as the federal
securities laws or state or federal environmental laws.

   OrionSat's  Bylaws  provide  that,  except as  expressly  prohibited  by law,
OrionSat  shall  indemnify any person who was or is a party (or threatened to be
made a party) to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding
by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director,  officer,  employee
or agent of OrionSat (or is or was serving any other  enterprise  at the request
of OrionSat),  against expenses,  liabilities and losses  (including  attorney's
fees),  judgments,  fines and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement  actually
and reasonably  incurred by such person in connection with such action,  suit or
proceeding.

   OrionNet Finance Corporation.  OrionNet Finance Corporation's  Certificate of
Incorporation  provides  that its  directors  will not be  liable  for  monetary
damages for breach of the directors'  fiduciary duty of care to OrionNet Finance
Corporation  and  its  stockholders.   This  provision  in  the  Certificate  of
Incorporation   does  not  eliminate  the  duty  of  care,  and  in  appropriate
circumstances  equitable  remedies  such as an  injunction  or  other  forms  of
non-monetary  relief would remain  available  under  Delaware law. In accordance
with  the  requirements  of  Delaware  law,  as  amended,   the  Certificate  of
Incorporation  provides  that OrionNet  Finance  Corporation's  directors  would
remain  subject to liability  for  monetary  damages (i) for any breach of their
duty of  loyalty  to the  corporation  or its  shareholders,  (ii)  for  acts or
omissions  not in good  faith or  involving  intentional  misconduct  or knowing
violation of law,  (iii) under  Section 174 of the Delaware Code for approval of
an unlawful  dividend or an unlawful  stock  purchase or redemption and (iv) for
any transaction  from which the director derived an improper  personal  benefit.
This  provision  also does not affect a  director's  responsibilities  under any
other  laws,   such  as  the  federal   securities  laws  or  state  or  federal
environmental laws.

   OrionNet  Finance  Corporation's  Bylaws  provide  that,  except as expressly
prohibited by law,  OrionNet Finance  Corporation shall indemnify any person who
was or is a party (or threatened to be made a party) to any threatened,  pending
or completed  action,  suit or proceeding by reason of the fact that such person
is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of OrionNet Finance Corporation
(or is or was serving any other  enterprise  at the request of OrionNet  Finance
Corporation), against expenses,

                                      II-2

<PAGE>

liabilities and losses (including attorney's fees), judgments, fines and amounts
paid or to be paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person
in connection with such action, suit or proceeding.

   Asia Pacific Space and Communications,  Ltd. ("APSC").  APSC's Certificate of
Incorporation  provides that the personal  liability of its  directors  shall be
eliminated  to the fullest  extent  provided by Section 7 of  Subsection  (b) of
Section 102 of the Delaware Code.  This paragraph  allows for the elimination of
all personal  liability,  provided  that  liability  shall not be  eliminated or
limited  (i) for any breach of their duty of loyalty to the  corporation  or its
shareholders,  (ii)  for  acts or  omissions  not in  good  faith  or  involving
intentional  misconduct or knowing  violation of law, (iii) under Section 174 of
the  Delaware  Code for  approval of an unlawful  dividend or an unlawful  stock
purchase or  redemption  and (iv) for any  transaction  from which the  director
derived an improper  personal  benefit.  This  provision in the  Certificate  of
Incorporation   does  not  eliminate  the  duty  of  care,  and  in  appropriate
circumstances  equitable  remedies  such as an  injunction  or  other  forms  of
non-monetary  relief would remain  available  under Delaware law. This provision
also does not affect a director's responsibilities under any other laws, such as
the federal securities laws or state or federal environmental laws.

   APSC's  Certificate of Incorporation  also provides that APSC shall indemnify
its directors, officers, employees and agents to the fullest extent permitted by
Section  145 of the  Delaware  Code,  as the same  exists  or may  hereafter  be
amended.   Section  145  currently  covers  expenses,   liabilities  and  losses
(including attorney's fees), judgments,  fines and amounts paid or to be paid in
settlement  actually and reasonably  incurred by such person in connection  with
such action,  suit or proceeding if such person acted in good faith and a manner
such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of
APSC, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding,  had no reasonable
cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. Such indemnification shall not
be made in respect of any claim,  issue or matter as to which such person  shall
have been adjudged to be liable to APSC unless (and only to the extent that) the
Delaware Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought
determines that, in view of all circumstances of the case, such person is fairly
and reasonably entitled to indemnity.

   Orion  Asia  Pacific.  Orion  Asia  Pacific's  Certificate  of  Incorporation
provides that its directors  will not be liable for monetary  damages for breach
of the  directors'  fiduciary  duty  of  care  to  Orion  Asia  Pacific  and its
stockholders.  This  provision  in the  Certificate  of  Incorporation  does not
eliminate the duty of care, and in appropriate  circumstances equitable remedies
such as an  injunction  or  other  forms of  non-monetary  relief  would  remain
available  under Delaware law. In accordance  with the  requirements of Delaware
law, as amended,  the  Certificate  of  Incorporation  provides  that Orion Asia
Pacific=s  directors would remain subject to liability for monetary  damages (i)
for any breach of their duty of loyalty to the corporation or its  shareholders,
(ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or involving intentional misconduct
or knowing  violation of law,  (iii) under  Section 174 of the Delaware Code for
approval of an unlawful dividend or an unlawful stock purchase or redemption and
(iv) for any transaction  from which the director  derived an improper  personal
benefit. This provision also does not affect a director's responsibilities under
any  other  laws,  such as the  federal  securities  laws or  state  or  federal
environmental laws.

   Orion Asia Pacific's Bylaws provide that,  except as expressly  prohibited by
law,  Orion Asia Pacific  shall  indemnify  any person who was or is a party (or
threatened to be made a party) to any threatened,  pending or completed  action,
suit or  proceeding by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director,
officer, employee or agent of Orion Asia Pacific (or is or was serving any other
enterprise at the request of Orion Asia Pacific), against expenses,  liabilities
and losses (including attorney's fees), judgments,  fines and amounts paid or to
be paid in  settlement  actually  and  reasonably  incurred  by such  person  in
connection with such action, suit or proceeding.

   OrionNet. OrionNet's Certificate of Incorporation provides that its directors
will not be liable for monetary  damages for breach of the directors'  fiduciary
duty of care to OrionNet and its stockholders. This provision in the Certificate
of  Incorporation  does  not  eliminate  the duty of  care,  and in  appropriate
circumstances  equitable  remedies  such as an  injunction  or  other  forms  of
non-monetary relief would

                                      II-3

<PAGE>

remain  available  under Delaware law. In accordance  with the  requirements  of
Delaware  law,  as amended,  the  Certificate  of  Incorporation  provides  that
OrionNet's  directors would remain subject to liability for monetary damages (i)
for any breach of their duty of loyalty to the corporation or its  shareholders,
(ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or involving intentional misconduct
or knowing  violation of law,  (iii) under  Section 174 of the Delaware Code for
approval of an unlawful dividend or an unlawful stock purchase or redemption and
(iv) for any transaction  from which the director  derived an improper  personal
benefit. This provision also does not affect a director's responsibilities under
any  other  laws,  such as the  federal  securities  laws or  state  or  federal
environmental laws.

   OrionNet's  Bylaws  provide  that,  except as  expressly  prohibited  by law,
OrionNet  shall  indemnify any person who was or is a party (or threatened to be
made a party) to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding
by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director,  officer,  employee
or agent of OrionNet (or is or was serving any other  enterprise  at the request
of OrionNet),  against expenses,  liabilities and losses  (including  attorney's
fees),  judgments,  fines and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement  actually
and reasonably  incurred by such person in connection with such action,  suit or
proceeding.

   Orion Atlantic  Europe,  Inc. Orion Atlantic  Europe,  Inc.'s  Certificate of
Incorporation  provides  that its  directors  will not be  liable  for  monetary
damages for breach of the  directors'  fiduciary  duty of care to Orion Atlantic
Europe,  Inc.  and  its  stockholders.  This  provision  in the  Certificate  of
Incorporation   does  not  eliminate  the  duty  of  care,  and  in  appropriate
circumstances  equitable  remedies  such as an  injunction  or  other  forms  of
non-monetary  relief would remain  available  under  Delaware law. In accordance
with  the  requirements  of  Delaware  law,  as  amended,   the  Certificate  of
Incorporation provides that Orion Atlantic Europe, Inc.'s directors would remain
subject to liability  for  monetary  damages (i) for any breach of their duty of
loyalty to the corporation or its  shareholders,  (ii) for acts or omissions not
in good faith or involving  intentional  misconduct or knowing violation of law,
(iii)  under  Section  174 of the  Delaware  Code for  approval  of an  unlawful
dividend  or  an  unlawful  stock  purchase  or  redemption  and  (iv)  for  any
transaction from which the director derived an improper personal  benefit.  This
provision  also does not affect a  director's  responsibilities  under any other
laws,  such as the  federal  securities  laws or state or federal  environmental
laws.

   Orion Atlantic  Europe,  Inc.'s  Certificate of  Incorporation  also provides
that, except as expressly  prohibited by law, Orion Atlantic Europe,  Inc. shall
indemnify any person who was or is a party (or threatened to be made a party) to
any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding by reason of the
fact that such person is or was a director or officer of Orion Atlantic  Europe,
Inc. (or is or was serving at the request of Orion  Atlantic  Europe,  Inc. as a
director or officer of another  enterprise),  against expenses,  liabilities and
losses (including attorney's fees),  judgments,  fines and amounts paid or to be
paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection
with such action, suit or proceeding.

   Section 145 of the Delaware Code empowers a  corporation  incorporated  under
that statute to indemnify its directors,  officers, employees and agents and its
former  directors,  officers,  employees  and agents and those who serve in such
capacities with another  enterprise at its request against expenses,  as well as
judgments,  fines  and  settlements  in  nonderivative  lawsuits,  actually  and
reasonably  incurred by them in connection with the defense of any action,  suit
or  proceeding  in which  they or any of them  were or are made  parties  or are
threatened  to be made  parties by reason of their  serving or having  served in
such  capacity.  The power to  indemnify  shall only exist  where such  officer,
director,  employee or agent has acted in good faith and in a manner such person
reasonably  believed  to be in or not  opposed  to  the  best  interests  of the
corporation  and,  in the case of a criminal  action,  where such  person had no
reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful.  However,  in an action or
suit by or in the right of the  corporation,  unless a court shall  determine to
the contrary,  where such a person has been adjudged liable to the  corporation,
the corporation shall have no power of  indemnification.  Indemnity is mandatory
to the  extent  a  claim,  issue  or  matter  has  been  successfully  defended.
Indemnification  is not  deemed  exclusive  of any other  rights to which  those
indemnified may be entitled, under any by-law,  agreement,  vote of stockholders
or otherwise. A Delaware corporation also has the power to purchase and maintain
insurance on behalf of the persons it has the power to indemnify, whether or not
indemnity against such liability would be allowed under the statute.

                                      II-4

<PAGE>

   International  Private Satellite Partners,  L.P. ("IPSP").  The Third Amended
and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of International Private Satellite
Partners,  L.P.  (the "IPSP  Partnership  Agreement")  provides that neither the
general  partner  (OrionSat)  nor  any of its  affiliates  ,  nor  any of  their
respective partners, officers,  directors,  employees or agents, shall be liable
to IPSP or its limited partners for any losses sustained or liabilities incurred
as a result of any act or omission,  so long as such conduct does not constitute
bad  faith,  fraud,  gross  negligence,  willful  misconduct  or  breach  of any
fiduciary duty.

   The IPSP  Partnership  Agreement  also  provides  that,  except as  expressly
prohibited by law,  IPSP shall  indemnify  OrionSat,  its  affiliates  and their
respective partners, officers, directors,  employees and agents from any and all
expenses,  liabilities and losses (including attorney's fees), judgments,  fines
and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement  arising from any claims,  demands,
actions,  suits or proceedings,  arising out of or incidental to the business or
activities relating to IPSP.

   Insofar as indemnification  for liabilities  arising under the Securities Act
of 1933,  as amended (the  "Securities  Act"),  may be  permitted to  directors,
officers and controlling persons of Orion pursuant to the foregoing provision or
otherwise,  Orion has been advised  that, in the opinion of the  Securities  and
Exchange Commission,  such indemnification is against public policy as expressed
in the Securities Act and therefore unenforceable. In the event that a claim for
indemnification   against  such  liabilities  is  asserted  by  such  person  in
connection  with the offering of the  Securities  (other than for the payment by
the  corporation  of  expenses  incurred  or  paid  by a  director,  officer  or
controlling  person of the corporation in the successful  defense of any action,
suit or proceeding),  the either  corporation will, unless in the opinion of its
counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent,  submit to a court
of appropriate  jurisdiction the question of whether such  indemnification by it
is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed
by the final adjudication of the issue.

   Orion has insurance policies which will insure directors and officers against
damages from actions and claims  incurred in the course of their duties and will
insure the corporations  against expenses incurred in defending lawsuits arising
from certain alleged acts of the directors and officers.

ITEM 15. RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES.

   During  the past three  years,  Orion  (which  completed  an  initial  public
offering in August 1995) issued the following unregistered securities,  adjusted
to reflect a  1.00-for-1.36  reverse  stock  split  effected  in July  1995.  No
underwriting  discounts or commissions  were paid in connection with any of such
transactions,  although a fee of $250,000  was paid to Salomon  Brothers Inc for
serving as a financial  advisor to Orion in connection with Orion's 1994 private
placement.  There  was  no  public  offering  in  such  transactions,   and  the
transactions  were exempt from the  registration  requirements of the Securities
Act by reason of Sections  4(2) and 3(b) thereof,  and  Regulation D promulgated
thereunder.  In each instance,  the shares of Common Stock,  shares of Preferred
Stock or warrants of Orion were issued to a limited group of purchasers, each of
which had access to and/or  was  furnished  information  concerning  Orion.  The
purchasers  acquired the securities  for investment  only and not with a view to
the distribution  thereof, and each of the certificates  representing the shares
of Common  Stock and  Preferred  Stock of Orion  issued to such  purchasers  was
stamped with a legend restricting the transfer of the shares of Common Stock and
Preferred Stock representing thereby.

Common Stock

   In December 1993, Orion issued an aggregate of 178,097 shares of Common Stock
as part of a private  placement of its Common Stock to certain of its  Directors
and affiliates of those  Directors at a purchase price of $10.20 per share.  The
terms of such issuance  permitted  the  purchasers to receive the benefit of any
lower  price at which  Common  Stock  subsequently  was  issued  in the  private
placement or to receive any other  security  subsequently  issued in the private
placement. In June 1994, when Orion issued shares of Common Stock as part of the
private  placement of its Common Stock to a limited number of  institutions  and
other  investors  (including  64,705  shares to  affiliates  of  Directors) at a
purchase price of $8.50 per share, Orion issued 100,326 additional shares to the
Directors and  affiliates  of Directors  who purchased  Common Stock in December
1993. In addition, after Orion issued Series A

                                      II-5

<PAGE>


Preferred  Stock  (along  with  warrants  and  options  to  make  an  additional
investment)  to CIBC,  Fleet  and  Chisholm  in June  1994,  the  Directors  and
affiliates  of  Directors  who  purchased  Common  Stock in  December  1993 each
exercised  his or its right to receive  Series A  Preferred  Stock  (along  with
warrants  and options to make an  additional  investment)  in  exchange  for the
Common Stock previously acquired, and Orion issued an aggregate of $3,000,000 of
Series A Preferred Stock to such persons and entities.

   In May 1994, Orion entered into an agreement with SS/L whereby SS/L agreed to
purchase  588,235  shares of Common  Stock for an  aggregate  purchase  price of
$5,000,000.  The  agreement  with SS/L includes a possible  sale,  under certain
circumstances,  of an additional 588,235 shares of Common Stock for an aggregate
purchase  price of  $5,000,000.  SS/L has the right to  require  the  Company to
repurchase  the 588,235  shares from SS/L if Orion  selects a company other than
SS/L as the prime  contractor in a contract for  construction  of a satellite to
serve the Asia Pacific region.  SS/L has the right, during the three year period
after the sale of the initial shares of Common Stock,  to receive more shares of
Common  Stock;  under certain  circumstances,  if Orion issues Common Stock or a
security  convertible  into or exchangeable for Common Stock for a price of less
than $8.50 per share.

   In June 1994,  Orion issued an aggregate of 174,844 shares of Common Stock as
part  of a  private  placement  of its  Common  Stock  to a  limited  number  of
institutions  and other  investors at a purchase  price of $8.50 per share.  The
terms of such issuance  permitted  the  purchasers to receive the benefit of any
lower  price at which  Common  Stock  subsequently  was  issued  in the  private
placement or to receive any other  security  subsequently  issued in the private
placement.  When Orion issued Series A Preferred  Stock (along with warrants and
options to make an additional  investment)  to CIBC,  Fleet and Chisholm in June
1994, the  institutions  and other investors who purchased  Common Stock in June
1994 each exercised  his, her or its right to receive  Series A Preferred  Stock
(along with warrants and options to make an additional  investment)  in exchange
for the Common  Stock  previously  acquired,  and Orion  issued an  aggregate of
$3,000,000 of Series A Preferred Stock to such persons and entities.

   In March 1995 (but  pursuant  to a contract  signed in  January  1994)  Orion
issued an aggregate  of 2,941  shares of Common  Stock to a  recruiting  firm as
compensation for work performed for Orion.

   In January 1997, Orion issued an aggregate of approximately  86,500 shares of
Common Stock to British Aerospace,  one of the Company's principal  stockholders
which has a  representative  on the Company's Board of Directors.  Such issuance
was pursuant to the exercise of a warrant granted in December 1991 in connection
with the formation of Orion Atlantic.

   Orion has, from time to time, issued Common Stock upon conversion of Series A
and Series B Preferred Stock.

Preferred Stock

   In June 1994, CIBC, Fleet and Chisholm purchased $11.5 million in Series A 8%
Cumulative Redeemable  Convertible Preferred Stock, which shares are convertible
into  shares of  Common  Stock at an  exercise  price of $8.50  per  share.  See
"Description  of Capital Stock -- Preferred  Stock." CIBC,  Fleet,  and Chisholm
also were  granted  the right to invest an  additional  $3.8  million in similar
preferred stock,  except that such similar  preferred stock would be convertible
at any time into  Common  Stock at a price  within a range from $10.20 to $17.00
per share of Common  Stock based upon when the option is  exercised  and certain
other  factors.  CIBC,  Fleet,  and  Chisholm  also were  granted a  contractual
"preemptive"  right to purchase a pro rata portion of any equity securities sold
by Orion in the  future on the same  terms  and  conditions  as sold to  others,
subject to  certain  exceptions  for  securities  sold or granted to  employees,
certain small offerings, and existing rights to acquire equity securities. CIBC,
Fleet and Chisholm also were granted certain warrants (issued  concurrently with
the Series A Preferred  Stock) to purchase Common Stock at the conversion  price
of such  Series A Preferred  Stock.  These  warrants  do not become  exercisable
unless Orion  exercise its right to repurchase  the Series A Preferred  Stock at
the liquidation  value (plus accrued and unpaid  dividends).  In connection with
the transaction,  CIBC and Fleet each were granted the right to elect one member
of Orion's Board of Directors.

   After Orion issued Series A Preferred  Stock (along with warrants and options
to make an additional  investment) to CIBC, Fleet and Chisholm in June 1994, the
Directors and  affiliates  of Directors  who purchased  Common Stock in December
1993 and the institutions and other investors who pur-

                                      II-6

<PAGE>


chased Common Stock in June 1994 each exercised his, her or its right to receive
Series A Preferred  Stock (along with warrants and options to make an additional
investment)  in exchange  for the Common  Stock  previously  acquired  and Orion
issued an aggregate of $3.0 million of Series A Preferred  Stock to such persons
and entities.

   In June 1995,  CIBC and certain  Directors  and  affiliates  of Directors who
purchased  Series A Preferred  Stock in June 1994 purchased  approximately  $4.2
million in Series B Preferred  Stock of Orion.  This purchase was pursuant to an
option  granted in June 1994 to purchase $1 of  preferred  stock  similar to the
Series A Preferred  Stock for each $3 of Series A Preferred  Stock  purchased in
June 1994,  except that such similar preferred stock would be convertible at any
time into Common Stock at a price within a range from $10.20 to $17.00 per share
of Common Stock based upon when the option is exercised.  The Series B Preferred
Stock has rights, designations and preferences substantially similar to those of
the Series A Preferred Stock discussed above, except that the Series B Preferred
Stock is convertible  into Common Stock at an initial price of $10.20 per share,
subject to certain anti-dilution adjustments, and purchase of Series B Preferred
Stock  did not  result  in the  purchasers  receiving  any  rights  to  purchase
additional  preferred stock. The purchasers of the Series B Preferred Stock also
were granted certain warrants (issued  concurrently with the Preferred Stock) to
purchase Common Stock at the conversion  price of such Series B Preferred Stock.
These  warrants do not become  exercisable  unless Orion  exercises its right to
repurchase the Series B Preferred Stock at the  liquidation  value (plus accrued
and unpaid dividends).

Warrants

   In May 1994,  in connection  with the sale of Common Stock to SS/L  discussed
under "Common Stock" above,  Orion granted an option to SS/L to purchase 588,235
shares of Common  Stock at a price of $8.50 per share  prior to January 1, 1995,
which option has expired.

   In June  1994,  in  connection  with the sale of  Series  A  Preferred  Stock
discussed under "Preferred Stock" above,  Orion granted an option to the holders
of Series A  Preferred  Stock to invest an  additional  $4.8  million in similar
preferred  stock (except that such similar  preferred stock would be convertible
at any time into Common Stock at a price based upon when the option is exercised
within a range from $10.20 to $17.00 per share of Common Stock). The purchase of
Series B Preferred  Stock in June 1995  represented  an exercise of the right to
invest approximately $4.5 million of this amount. Orion also granted the holders
of Preferred  Stock certain  warrants to purchase Common Stock at the conversion
price of such Preferred Stock.  These warrants do not become  exercisable unless
Orion  exercises its right to repurchase the Preferred  Stock at the liquidation
value (plus accrued and unpaid dividends).

   In December 1996,  Orion issued an option to DACOM to purchase  50,000 shares
of Common Stock at a price of $14.00 per share. The warrant is exercisable for a
six (6) month period  beginning six (6) months after the  commencement  date, as
defined  in the Joint  Investment  Agreement,  and ending one (1) year after the
commencement  date  and will  terminate  at that  time or at any time the  Joint
Investment Agreement between DACOM and Orion is terminated.

                                      II-7

<PAGE>

ITEM 16. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.

   (a) Exhibits.



EXHIBIT
NUMBER                                          DESCRIPTION
- --------                                        -----------

1.1   Form of Underwriting Agreement

2.1   Agreement  and Plan of Merger,  dated  January 8, 1997, by and among Orion
      Network  Systems,  Inc.,  Orion  Newco  Services,  Inc.  and Orion  Merger
      Company,  Inc.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  2.1  in
      Registration  Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion Newco Services,
      Inc.) 3.1 Form of Restated  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of Orion Newco
      Services,  Inc.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  3.1 in
      Registration  Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion Newco Services,
      Inc.)

3.2   Bylaws of Orion Newco Services, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to exhibit
      number 3.2 in  Registration  Statement No.  333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion
      Newco Services, Inc.)

3.3   Certificate of Incorporation of Orion Network Systems, Inc.  (Incorporated
      by reference to exhibit number 3.1 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518
      on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

3.4   Bylaws of Orion  Network  Systems,  Inc.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to
      exhibit number 3.2 in  Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of
      Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

3.5   Certificate of Incorporation of Orion Satellite Corporation

3.6   Bylaws of Orion Satellite Corporation

3.7   Certificate of Limited  Partnership  of  International  Private  Satellite
      Partners, L.P.

3.8   Form of Third  Amended and Restated  Agreement of Limited  Partnership  of
      International Private Satellite Partners, L.P.

3.9   Certificate of Incorporation of OrionNet, Inc.

3.10  Bylaws of OrionNet, Inc.

3.11  Certificate of Incorporation of Orion Asia Pacific Corporation

3.12  Bylaws of Orion Asia Pacific Corporation

3.13  Certificate of Incorporation OrionNet Finance Corporation

3.14  Bylaws of OrionNet Finance Corporation

3.15  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of Asia Pacific Space and  Communications,
      Ltd.

3.16  Bylaws of Asia Pacific Space and Communications, Ltd.

3.17  Certificate of Incorporation of Orion Atlantic Europe, Inc.

3.18  Bylaws of Orion Atlantic Europe, Inc.

4.1   Form of Senior Note Indenture and Form of Note included therein

4.2   Form of Senior Discount Note Indenture and Form of Note included therein

4.3   Form of Collateral Pledge and Security Agreement

4.4   INTENTIONALLY OMITTED

4.5   Form of Warrant Agreement, by and between Orion and Bankers Trust Company,
      and Form of Warrant included therein

4.6   Forms of Warrant  issued by Orion.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit
      number 4.1 in  Registration  Statement  No.  33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion
      Network Systems, Inc.)

4.7   Forms  of  Warrant  issued  by  Orion  to  holders  of  Preferred   Stock.
      (Incorporated by reference to exhibit number 4.2 in Registration Statement
      No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

4.8   Forms of Certificates of Designation of Series A 8% Cumulative  Redeemable
      Convertible Preferred Stock, Series B 8% Cumulative Redeemable Convertible
      Preferred  Stock  and  Series  C  6%  Cumulative  Redeemable   Convertible
      Preferred Stock of Orion. (Incorporated by reference to exhibit number 4.3
      in  Registration  Statement  No.  333-19795  on Form  S-4 of  Orion  Newco
      Services, Inc.)

4.9   Forms of Series A Preferred  Stock,  Series B Preferred Stock and Series C
      Preferred  Stock  certificates  of Orion.  (Incorporated  by  reference to
      exhibit number 4.4 in Registration  Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of
      Orion Newco Services, Inc.)

                                      II-8

<PAGE>

EXHIBIT                                                    
NUMBER                                          DESCRIPTION
- --------                                        -----------

4.10  Form of Common Stock  Certificate of Orion.  (Incorporated by reference to
      exhibit number 4.5 in Registration  Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of
      Orion Newco Services, Inc.)

4.11  Forms of Certificates of Designation of Series A 8% Cumulative  Redeemable
      Convertible   Preferred  Stock  and  Series  B  8%  Cumulative  Redeemable
      Convertible Preferred Stock of Orion Network Systems,  Inc.  (Incorporated
      by reference to exhibit number 4.4 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518
      on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.).

4.12  Form of  Warrant  issued to DACOM  Corp.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to
      exhibit number 4.6 in Registration  Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of
      Orion Newco Services, Inc.)
             
4.13  Debenture  Purchase  Agreement,  dated  January  13,  1997,  with  British
      Aerospace and Matra Marconi  Space  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit
      number 4.7 in  Registration  Statement No.  333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion
      Newco Services, Inc.)

5.1   Opinion of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P.

8.1   Opinion of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P. with respect to certain tax matters


10.1  Second Amended and Restated Purchase  Agreement,  dated September 26, 1991
      ("Satellite  Contract") by and between OrionSat and British  Aerospace PLC
      and the First Amendment, dated as of September 15, 1992, Second Amendment,
      dated as of November 9, 1992, Third Amendment, dated as of March 12, 1993,
      Fourth Amendment, dated as of April 15, 1993, Fifth Amendment, dated as of
      September 22, 1993,  Sixth Amendment,  dated as of April 6, 1994,  Seventh
      Amendment,  dated as of  August 9,  1994,  Eighth  Amendment,  dated as of
      December 8, 1994,  and Amendment  No. 9 dated  October 24, 1995,  thereto.
      [CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTIONS OF THESE DOCUMENTS.]
      (Incorporated   by  reference  to  exhibits  number  10.13  and  10.14  in
      Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems,
      Inc.)

10.2  Restated  Amendment No. 10 dated December 10, 1996, between Orion Atlantic
      and Matra  Marconi  Space to the  Second  Amended  and  Restated  Purchase
      Agreement,  dated  September 26, 1991 by and between  OrionSat and British
      Aerospace PLC (which contract and prior exhibits thereto were incorporated
      by  reference  as exhibit  number  10.1).  (Incorporated  by  reference to
      exhibit number 10.2 in Registration Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of
      Orion Newco Services, Inc.)
             
10.3  Ground  Support  System  Agreement,  dated as of  August 2,  1991,  by and
      between Orion Atlantic and Telespazio S.p.A.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT HAS
      BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT.] (Incorporated by reference to
      exhibit number 10.25 in Registration Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of
      Orion Network Systems, Inc.)
               
10.4  Italian  Facility and Services  Agreement,  dated as of August 2, 1991, by
      and between  OrionSat and  Telespazio  S.p.A.  as amended by the amendment
      thereto,  dated March 19, 1994.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT HAS BEEN GRANTED
      FOR PORTIONS OF THESE  DOCUMENTS.]  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit
      number 10.26 in  Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion
      Network Systems, Inc.)
            
10.5  Contract for a Satellite  Control  System,  dated December 7, 1992, by and
      between Orion Atlantic, Telespazio S.p.A. and Martin Marietta Corporation.
      [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTIONS OF THIS  DOCUMENT.]
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.31  in  Registration
      Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)
              
10.6  Credit  Agreement,  dated as of November  23, 1993,  by and between  Orion
      Atlantic,  OrionSat and General  Electric  Capital  Corporation  ("GECC").
      [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTIONS OF THIS  DOCUMENT.]
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.32  in  Registration
      Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)
           
10.7  Security  Agreement,  dated as of November 23, 1993,  by and between Orion
      Atlantic,  OrionSat and GECC. (Incorporated by reference to exhibit number
      10.33 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network
      Systems, Inc.)

10.8  Assignment and Security  Agreement,  dated as of November 23, 1993, by and
      between Orion Atlantic,  OrionSat and GECC.  (Incorporated by reference to
      exhibit number 10.34 in Registration Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of
      Orion Network Systems, Inc.)
            
10.9  Consent and Agreement, dated as of November 23, 1993, by and between Orion
      Atlantic, Martin Marietta Corporation and GECC. (Incorporated by reference
      to exhibit number 10.35 in Registration Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1
      of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.10 Deed of  Trust,  dated as of  November  23,  1993,  by and  between  Orion
      Atlantic, W. Allen Ames, Jr. and Michael J. Schwel, as Trustees, and GECC.
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.37  in  Registration
      Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

                                      II-9

<PAGE>

EXHIBIT                                                    
NUMBER                                          DESCRIPTION
- --------                                        -----------

10.11 Lease Agreement,  dated as of November 23, 1993, by and between  OrionNet,
      Inc. and Orion  Atlantic,  as amended by an  Amendment,  dated  January 3,
      1995.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS BEEN  GRANTED  FOR  PORTIONS OF THESE
      DOCUMENTS.]   (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.38  in
      Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems,
      Inc.)

10.12 Note for Interim  Loans,  dated as of November  23,  1993,  by and between
      Orion  Atlantic and GECC.  (Incorporated  by  reference to exhibit  number
      10.42 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network
      Systems, Inc.)

10.13 Sales  Representation  Agreement and Ground Operations  Service Agreement,
      each dated as of May 1, 1994 and June 30,  1994,  by and  between  each of
      OrionNet,  Inc.  and  Kingston  Communications,  respectively,  and  Orion
      Atlantic, as amended by side agreements,  dated May 1, 1994, July 12, 1994
      and  February  1,  1995.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS BEEN  GRANTED  FOR
      PORTIONS OF THESE DOCUMENTS.] (Incorporated by reference to exhibit number
      10.43 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network
      Systems, Inc.)

10.14 Lease Agreement,  dated as of October 2, 1992, by and between OrionNet and
      Research Grove Associates,  as amended by Amendment No. 1, dated March 26,
      1993,  Amendment No. 2, dated August 23, 1993,  and Amendment No. 3, dated
      December 20, 1993.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit number 10.39 in
      Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems,
      Inc.)

10.15 Sales  Representation  Agreement and Ground Operations  Service Agreement,
      dated as of June 30, 1995, by and between MCN Sat Service,  S.A. and Orion
      Atlantic.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTIONS OF THIS
      DOCUMENT.]  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit number 10.69 in Orion's
      Registration Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1.)

10.16 Volume  Purchase  Agreement,  dated  January 18, 1995,  by and between the
      Company and Dornier  GmbH.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR
      PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT.]  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit number
      10.66 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network
      Systems, Inc.)

10.17 Product Development,  License and Marketing  Agreement,  dated January 18,
      1995, by and between the Company and Dornier GmbH. [CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT
      HAS  BEEN  GRANTED  FOR  PORTIONS  OF  THIS  DOCUMENT.]  (Incorporated  by
      reference to exhibit  number 10.65 in Orion's  Registration  Statement No.
      33-80518 on Form S-1.)

10.18 Sales Representation  Agreement,  dated as of June 8, 1995, by and between
      Nortel  Dasa  Network   Systems   GmbH  &  Co.  KG  and  Orion   Atlantic.
      [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTIONS OF THIS  DOCUMENT.]
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.70  in  Registration
      Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.19 Orion 2 Spacecraft  Purchase Contract,  dated July 31, 1996, between Orion
      Atlantic and Matra Marconi Space. [CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN GRANTED
      FOR  PORTIONS OF THIS  DOCUMENT.]  (Incorporated  by  reference to exhibit
      number 10.19 in Registration  Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion
      Newco Services, Inc.)

10.20 Orion's   Amended  and  Restated   1987  Stock  Option  Plan  as  amended.
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.23  in  Registration
      Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.21 Purchase Contract,  dated December 4, 1991, by and between OrionNet, Inc.,
      Shenandoah Valley Leasing Company and MCI Telecommunications  Corporation.
      [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTION OF THIS  DOCUMENT.]
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.30  in  Registration
      Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.22 Amended and Restated Partnership Agreement of Orion Financial Partnership,
      dated as of April 15, 1994, by and between  OrionNet and Computer  Leasing
      Inc.  ("CLI").  (Incorporated  by  reference  to exhibit  number  10.44 in
      Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems,
      Inc.)

10.23 Continuing  Guaranty,  dated as of April 15,  1994,  of the Company of the
      obligations of OrionNet Finance Corporation. (Incorporated by reference to
      exhibit number 10.45 in Registration Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of
      Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.24 Release of  Continuing  Guaranty,  dated as of December 29,  1994,  by the
      Orion Financial Partnership.  (Incorporated by reference to exhibit number
      10.46 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network
      Systems, Inc.)

10.25 Confirmation of Continuing Guaranty, dated as of December 29, 1994, of the
      Company of the  obligation of OFC.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit
      number 10.47 in  Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion
      Network Systems, Inc.)

                                      II-10

<PAGE>

EXHIBIT                                                    
NUMBER                                          DESCRIPTION
- --------                                        -----------
 
10.26 Continuing  Guarantee,  dated as of December 29, 1994,  by Lessor  Capital
      Funding  Limited  Partnership  in favor of  Orion  Financial  Partnership.
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.48  in  Registration
      Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.27 Master  Lease  Agreement,  dated  as of April  15,  1994,  by and  between
      OrionNet and Orion Financial  Partnership.  (Incorporated  by reference to
      exhibit number 10.49 in Registration Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of
      Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.28 Collateral  Assignment and Pledge and Security Agreement,  dated April 22,
      1994, by and between CLI and Orion Financial Partnership. (Incorporated by
      reference to exhibit number 10.50 in  Registration  Statement No. 33-80518
      on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.29 Purchase  Agreement,  dated as of April 22, 1994, by and between  OrionNet
      and Orion  Financial  Partnership.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit
      number 10.51 in  Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion
      Network Systems, Inc.)

10.30 Stock Purchase  Agreement,  dated as of April 29, 1994, by and between the
      Company and SS/L.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit  number 10.53 in
      Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems,
      Inc.)

10.31 Registration Rights Agreement,  dated as of April 29, 1994, by and between
      the Company and SS/L.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit number 10.54
      in  Registration  Statement  No.  33-80518  on Form S-1 of  Orion  Network
      Systems, Inc.)

10.32 Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 17, 1994, by and between the Company,
      CIBC,  Fleet and Chisholm.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit  number
      10.55 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network
      Systems, Inc.)

10.33 Stockholders  Agreement,  dated as of June 17,  1994,  by and  between the
      Company,  CIBC, Fleet, Chisholm and certain principal  stockholders of the
      Company.   (Incorporated   by  reference   to  exhibit   number  10.56  in
      Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems,
      Inc.)

10.34 Registration  Rights Agreement,  dated as of June 17, 1994, by and between
      the  Company,  CIBC,  Fleet and  Chisholm.  (Incorporated  by reference to
      exhibit number 10.57 in Registration Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of
      Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.35 Purchase  Agreement,  dated as of June 19, 1995, by and among the Company,
      CIBC,  Fleet and an  affiliate  of Fleet.  (Incorporated  by  reference to
      exhibit number 10.58 in Registration Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of
      Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.36 Definitive  Agreement,  dated April 26,  1990,  by and between  Orion Asia
      Pacific  and the  Republic  of the  Marshall  Islands  and a Stock  Option
      Agreement  related thereto.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR
      PORTIONS OF THESE DOCUMENTS.] (Incorporated by reference to exhibit number
      10.60 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network
      Systems, Inc.)

10.37 Option  Agreement,  dated December 10, 1996, by and between Orion Atlantic
      and Matra  Marconi  Space.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR
      PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT.]  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit number
      10.37 in Registration  Statement No.  333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion Newco
      Services, Inc.)

10.38 Memorandum of Agreement for the  Procurement of Orion 2 Spacecraft,  dated
      December 19, 1996, by and between Orion  Atlantic and Matra Marconi Space.
      [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTIONS OF THIS  DOCUMENT.]
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.38  in  Registration
      Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion Newco Services, Inc.)

10.39 TT&C Earth  Station  Agreement,  dated as of  November  11,  1996,  by and
      between  Orion Asia Pacific and DACOM Corp.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS
      BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT.] (Incorporated by reference to
      exhibit number 10.39 in Registration  Statement No.  333-19795 on Form S-4
      of Orion Newco Services, Inc.)

10.40 Joint Investment Agreement,  dated as of November 11, 1996, by and between
      Orion  Asia  Pacific  and DACOM  Corp.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS BEEN
      GRANTED FOR  PORTIONS OF THIS  DOCUMENT.]  (Incorporated  by  reference to
      exhibit number 10.40 in Registration  Statement No.  333-19795 on Form S-4
      of Orion Newco Services, Inc.)

10.41 Orion Network Systems,  Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Incorporated by
      reference to exhibit number 4.4 in Registration Statement No. 333-19021 on
      Form S-8 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.42 Orion Network  Systems,  Inc. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan  (Incorporated by
      reference to exhibit number 4.5 in Registration Statement No. 333-19021 on
      Form S-8 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

                                      II-11

<PAGE>

EXHIBIT                                                    
NUMBER                                          DESCRIPTION
- --------                                        -----------

10.43 Orion  Network  Systems,  Inc.  Non-Employee  Director  Stock  Option Plan
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.43  in  Registration
      Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion Newco Services, Inc.)

10.44 Exchange  Agreement  dated June 1996 among Orion  Network  Systems,  Orion
      Atlantic,  OrionSat and the Limited Partners (Incorporated by reference to
      exhibit 10 in Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 20, 1996, of Orion
      Network Systems, Inc.)

10.45 First  Amendment to Exchange  Agreement  dated  December  1996 among Orion
      Network  Systems,  Orion  Atlantic,  OrionSat  and the  Limited  Partners.
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.45  in  Registration
      Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion Newco Services, Inc.)

10.46 Redemption  Agreement  dated  November 21,  1995,  by and between STET and
      Orion Atlantic,  the promissory notes delivered  thereunder and Instrument
      of  Redemption  relating  thereto.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit
      number 10.1 in Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 21, 1995 of Orion
      Network Systems, Inc.)

10.47 IPSP-Telecom  Italia  Agreement  dated  November 21, 1995,  by and between
      Telecom  Italia  and  Orion  Atlantic.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS BEEN
      GRANTED FOR  PORTIONS OF THIS  DOCUMENT.]  (Incorporated  by  reference to
      exhibit  number 10.2 in Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 21, 1995
      of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)


10.48 Indemnity  Agreement dated November 21, 1995, by and among Telecom Italia,
      Orion  Atlantic,  Orion and STET.  (Incorporated  by  reference to exhibit
      number 10.3 in Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 21, 1995 of Orion
      Network Systems, Inc.)

10.49 Subscription  Agreement  dated November 21, 1995, by and between Orion and
      Orion   Atlantic,   and  the   promissory   note   delivered   thereunder.
      (Incorporated  by  reference to exhibit  number 10.5 in Current  Report on
      Form 8-K dated November 21, 1995 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.).

10.50 First  Amendment  to the Italian  Facility and  Services  Agreement  dated
      November 21, 1995,  by and between  Orion  Atlantic and Nuova  Telespazio.
      (Incorporated  by  reference to exhibit  number 10.7 in Current  Report on
      Form 8-K dated November 21, 1995 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.).

10.51 Registration Rights Agreement,  dated January 13, 1997, by and among Orion
      Newco Services,  Inc., British Aerospace Holdings,  Inc. and Matra Marconi
      Space.  (Incorporated by reference to exhibit number 10.51 in Registration
      Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion Newco Services, Inc.)

10.52 Orion 3 Spacecraft Purchase Contract, dated January 15, 1997, by and among
      Hughes Space and  Communications  International,  Inc., Orion Asia Pacific
      Corporation and Orion Network  Systems.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT HAS BEEN
      REQUESTED FOR PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT.  THE  CONFIDENTIAL  PORTIONS HAVE
      BEEN REDACTED AND FILED SEPARATELY WITH THE COMMISSION.]

12.1  Statement Regarding Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.

21.1  List of  subsidiaries  of Orion.  (Incorporated  by  references to exhibit
      number 21.1 in Registration  Statement No.  333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion
      Newco Services, Inc.)

23.1  Consent of Ernst & Young LLP

23.2  Consent of Hogan & Hartson  L.L.P.  (included  in their  opinion  filed as
      Exhibit 5.1).

23.3  Consent of Ascent Communications Advisors, L.P.

24.1  Powers of Attorney  (included on the signature  pages of the  Registration
      Statement).

26.1  Form T-1  Statement  of  Eligibility  and  Qualification  under  the Trust
      Indenture Act of 1939, as amended of Bankers Trust Company as trustee.

99.1  Orders of FCC regarding  OrionSat.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit
      number 99.1 in  Registration  Statement No.  33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion
      Network Systems, Inc.).

99.2  Valuation   for  Orion   Atlantic  as  of  December  1,  1996,  by  Ascent
      Communications   Advisors,  L.P.  (Included  as  9  Attachment  A  to  the
      Prospectus which is a part of this Registration Statement.)

                                      II-12
<PAGE>


   (b) Financial Statements and Schedules:

     (1) Financial Statements

      Thefinancial  statements filed as part of this Registration  Statement are
    listed in the Index to Financial Statements on page F-1.

     (2) Schedules

      The financial statement schedules of the Company have been omitted because
    the  information  required to be set forth  therein is not  applicable or is
    shown in the Financial Statements or Notes thereto.

ITEM 17. UNDERTAKINGS.

   The undersigned Registrants hereby undertake:

      (a)(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made,
    a post-effective amendment to this registration statement;

               (i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the
          Securities Act of 1933;

               (ii) To reflect  in the  prospectus  any facts or events  arising
          after the effective  date of the  Registration  Statement (or the most
          recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the
          aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth
          in the  Registration  Statement.  Notwithstanding  the foregoing,  any
          increase  or decrease  in volume of  securities  offered (if the total
          dollar  value of  securities  offered  would not exceed that which was
          registered)  and  any  deviation  from  the  low  or  high  and of the
          estimated  maximum  offering  range  may be  reflected  in the form of
          prospectus  filed with the  Commission  pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in
          the aggregate,  the changes in volume and price represent no more than
          a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate  offering price set forth
          in the  "Calculation  of  Registration  Fee"  table  in the  effective
          registration statement.

               (iii) To include any  material  information  with  respect to the
          plan of  distribution  not  previously  disclosed in the  Registration
          Statement  or  any  material   change  to  such   information  in  the
          Registration Statement;

         (2) That,  for the  purpose  of  determining  any  liability  under the
    Securities Act of 1933, each such  post-effective  amendment shall be deemed
    to be a new  registration  statement  relating  to  the  securities  offered
    therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to
    be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

         (3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective  amendment
    any  of  the  securities   being  registered  which  remain  unsold  at  the
    termination of the offering.

    (b) That,  for purposes of  determining  any liability  under the Securities
  Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this
  Registration Statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in the form of
  prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h)
  under the  Securities  Act  shall be  deemed  to be part of this  Registration
  Statement as of the time it was declared effective; and

    (c) That, for the purpose of determining  any liability under the Securities
  Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be
  deemed to be a new registration  statement  relating to the securities offered
  therein,  and the offering of such  securities at that time shall be deemed to
  be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

Insofar as indemnification  for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may
be permitted to directors,  officers and controlling  persons of the Registrants
pursuant to the foregoing  provisions,  or otherwise,  the Registrants have been
advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such

                                      II-13

<PAGE>


indemnification  is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and
is,  therefore,  unenforceable.  In the event  that a claim for  indemnification
against such liabilities  (other than the payment by the Registrants of expenses
incurred or paid by a director,  officer or controlling person of the Registrant
in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such
director,  officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being
registered,  the  Registrants  will,  unless in the opinion of their counsel the
matter  has  been  settled  by  controlling  precedent,  submit  to a  court  of
appropriate  jurisdiction  the question  whether such  indemnification  by it is
against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by
the final adjudication of such issue.

                                      II-14

<PAGE>
                                  SIGNATURES



   Pursuant to the  requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  the
Registrant has duly caused this Amendment No. 4 to Registration  Statement to be
signed on its behalf by the undersigned,  thereunto duly authorized, in the City
of Rockville, State of Maryland, on the 28th day of January, 1997.

                                        ORION NEWCO SERVICES, INC.


                                         By: /s/ W. Neil Bauer*
                                            ------------------------------------
                                             W. Neil Bauer
                                             President

   Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  this
Amendment No. 4 to Registration Statement has been signed below by the following
persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.



       SIGNATURE                         TITLE                        DATE
- -----------------------  ------------------------------------ ------------------

/s/ W. Neil Bauer*        President and Director               January 28, 1997
- ----------------------  (Principal Executive Officer)        
   W. Neil Bauer

/s/ David J. Frear       Vice President, Chief Financial      January 28, 1997
- ----------------------   Officer and Treasurer and
   David J. Frear        Financial Officer and   
                         Director (Principal
                         Principal Accounting Officer)    
   
/s/ Richard H. Shay*     Director                             January 28, 1997
- ----------------------
   Richard H. Shay


*By: /s/ David J. Frear
- -------------------------
        David J. Frear
        Attorney-in-Fact



                                      II-15

<PAGE>


                                  SIGNATURES


   Pursuant to the  requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  the
Registrant has duly caused this Amendment No. 4 to Registration  Statement to be
signed on its behalf by the undersigned,  thereunto duly authorized, in the City
of Rockville, State of Maryland, on the 28th day of January, 1997.

                                        ORION NETWORK SERVICES, INC.


                                        By: /s/ W. Neil Bauer*
                                           -------------------------------------
                                            W. Neil Bauer
                                            President

   Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  this
Amendment No. 4 to Registration Statement has been signed below by the following
persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.



        SIGNATURE                       TITLE                       DATE
- --------------------------  ------------------------------ ---------------------
/s/ W. Neil Bauer*           President, Chief Executive         January 28, 1997
- -----------------------     Officer and Director
    W. Neil Bauer           (Principal Executive Officer)      
                            
                            

/s/ David J. Frear          Vice President, Chief Financial    January 28, 1997
- -----------------------     Officer and Treasurer               
David J. Frear              (Principal Financial Officer                        
                             and Principal Accounting Officer) 

/s/ Gustave M. Hauser*      Chairman and Director              January 28, 1997
- -----------------------
Gustave M. Hauser           

/s/ John V. Saeman*         Director                           January 28, 1997
- -----------------------
John V. Saeman  

/s/ John G. Puente*         Director                           January 28, 1997
- -----------------------
John G. Puente

/s/ Richard J. Brekka*      Director                           January 28, 1997
- -----------------------
Richard J. Brekka 
  

/s/ Warren B. French, Jr.*  Director                           January 28, 1997
- -----------------------
Warren B. French, Jr.
  

/s/ Sidney S. Kahn*         Director                           January 28, 1997
- -----------------------
Sidney S. Kahn 
                            Director                           January   , 1997
- -----------------------
W. Anthony Rice                


                                      II-16

<PAGE>


          SIGNATURE                      TITLE                    DATE
- -----------------------------  ------------------------- ----------------------
/s/ Robert M. Van Degna*       Director                        January 28, 1997
- -----------------------
Robert M. Van Degna   


/s/ Barry Horowitz*            Director                        January 28, 1997
- -----------------------
Barry Horowitz   



*By: /s/ David J. Frear
- -----------------------
     David J. Frear
    Attorney-in-Fact


                                      II-17

<PAGE>


                                   SIGNATURES



   Pursuant to the  requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  the
Registrant has duly caused this Amendment No. 4 to Registration  Statement to be
signed on its behalf by the undersigned,  thereunto duly authorized, in the City
of Rockville, State of Maryland, on the 28th day of January, 1997.

                                        ORION SATELLITE CORPORATION


                                        By: /s/ W. Neil Bauer*
                                          --------------------------------------
                                            W. Neil Bauer
                                            Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

   Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  this
Amendment No. 4 to Registration Statement has been signed below by the following
persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.


       SIGNATURE                        TITLE                        DATE
- ----------------------  ------------------------------------ -------------------

/s/ W. Neil Bauer*       Chairman, Chief Executive              January 28, 1997
- -----------------------   Officer and Director
W. Neil Bauer             (Principal Executive Officer)        





/s/ Douglas Newman*     President and Director                 January 28, 1997
- -----------------------
Douglas Newman        


/s/ David J. Frear      Vice President, Chief Financial        January 28, 1997
- -----------------------  Officer and Director
 David J. Frear          (Principal Financial Officer
                         and Principal Accounting
                         Officer)                            



*By: /s/ David J. Frear
- -----------------------
 David J. Frear
Attorney-in-Fact



                                      II-18

<PAGE>
                                  SIGNATURES



   Pursuant to the  requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  the
Registrant has duly caused this Amendment No. 4 to Registration  Statement to be
signed on its behalf by the undersigned,  thereunto duly authorized, in the City
of Rockville, State of Maryland, on the 28th day of January, 1997.


                                   INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE SATELLITE
                                   PARTNERS, L.P.


                                   BY: ORION SATELLITE CORPORATION


                                   By: /s/ W. Neil Bauer*
                                       -----------------------------------------
                                        W. Neil Bauer
                                        Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

   Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  this
Amendment No. 4 to Registration Statement has been signed below by the following
persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.


       SIGNATURE                        TITLE                        DATE
- ----------------------  ------------------------------------ -------------------
                        
/s/ W. Neil Bauer*       Chairman, Chief Executive             January 28, 1997
- -----------------------  Officer and Director                                   
W. Neil Bauer            (Principal Executive Officer)        
                         
                       


/s/ Douglas Newman*      President and Director                January 28, 1997
- -----------------------
Douglas Newman          

/s/ David J. Frear       Vice President, Chief Financial       January 28, 1997
- -----------------------  Officer and Director
David J. Frear           (Principal Financial Officer
                         and Principal Accounting
                         Officer)                            


*By: /s/ David J. Frear
- -----------------------
 David J. Frear
Attorney-in-Fact



                                      II-19

<PAGE>

                                   SIGNATURES



   Pursuant to the  requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  the
Registrant has duly caused this Amendment No. 4 to Registration  Statement to be
signed on its behalf by the undersigned,  thereunto duly authorized, in the City
of Rockville, State of Maryland, on the 28th day of January, 1997.

                                        ORIONNET, INC.

                                        By: /s/ W. Neil Bauer*
                                           --------------------------------
                                           W. Neil Bauer
                                           President and Chief Executive Officer

   Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  this
Amendment No. 4 to Registration Statement has been signed below by the following
persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.




       SIGNATURE                        TITLE                        DATE
- ----------------------  ------------------------------------ -------------------

/s/ W. Neil Bauer*      Chairman, Chief Executive              January 28, 1997
- -----------------------   Officer and Director
W. Neil Bauer             (Principal Executive Officer)        


/s/ David J. Frear      Vice President, Chief Financial        January 28, 1997
- -----------------------  Officer and Director
 David J. Frear          (Principal Financial Officer
                         and Principal Accounting
                         Officer)                            



*By: /s/ David J. Frear
- -----------------------
 David J. Frear
Attorney-in-Fact



                                      II-20

<PAGE>


                                   SIGNATURES


   Pursuant to the  requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  the
Registrant has duly caused this Amendment No. 4 to Registration  Statement to be
signed on its behalf by the undersigned,  thereunto duly authorized, in the City
of Rockville, State of Maryland, on the 28th day of January, 1997.

                                         ORION ASIA PACIFIC CORPORATION

                                       By: /s/ W. Neil Bauer*
                                           -----------------------------------
                                           W. Neil Bauer
                                           President and Chief Executive Officer

   Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  this
Amendment No. 4 to Registration Statement has been signed below by the following
persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.




       SIGNATURE                        TITLE                        DATE
- ----------------------  ------------------------------------ -------------------

/s/ W. Neil Bauer*       Chairman, Chief Executive              January 28, 1997
- -----------------------   Officer and Director
W. Neil Bauer             (Principal Executive Officer)        


/s/ David J. Frear      Vice President, Chief Financial        January 28, 1997
- -----------------------  Officer and Director
 David J. Frear          (Principal Financial Officer
                         and Principal Accounting
                         Officer)                            



*By: /s/ David J. Frear
- -----------------------
 David J. Frear
Attorney-in-Fact



                                      II-21

<PAGE>


                                   SIGNATURES


   Pursuant to the  requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  the
Registrant has duly caused this Amendment No. 4 to Registration  Statement to be
signed on its behalf by the undersigned,  thereunto duly authorized, in the City
of Rockville, State of Maryland, on the 28th day of January, 1997.

                                        ASIA PACIFIC SPACE AND
                                        COMMUNICATIONS, INC.


                                        By: /s/ W. Neil Bauer*
                                           -------------------------------------
                                          W. Neil Bauer
                                          President and Chief Executive Officer

   Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  this
Amendment No. 4 to Registration Statement has been signed below by the following
persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.




       SIGNATURE                        TITLE                        DATE
- ----------------------  ------------------------------------ -------------------

/s/ W. Neil Bauer*       Chairman, Chief Executive              January 28, 1997
- -----------------------   Officer and Director
W. Neil Bauer             (Principal Executive Officer)        


/s/ David J. Frear      Vice President, Chief Financial        January285, 1997
- -----------------------  Officer and Director
 David J. Frear          (Principal Financial Officer
                         and Principal Accounting
                         Officer)                            



*By: /s/ David J. Frear
- -----------------------
 David J. Frear
Attorney-in-Fact




                                      II-22

<PAGE>


                                   SIGNATURES


   Pursuant to the  requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  the
Registrant has duly caused this Amendment No. 4 to Registration  Statement to be
signed on its behalf by the undersigned,  thereunto duly authorized, in the City
of Rockville, State of Maryland, on the 28th day of January, 1997.

                                        ORIONNET FINANCE CORPORATION
     
                                        By: /s/ W. Neil Bauer*
                                           -------------------------------------
                                           W. Neil Bauer
                                           President and Chief Executive Officer

   Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  this
Amendment No. 4 to Registration Statement has been signed below by the following
persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.




       SIGNATURE                        TITLE                        DATE
- ----------------------  ------------------------------------ -------------------

/s/ W. Neil Bauer*       Chairman, Chief Executive              January 28, 1997
- -----------------------   Officer and Director
W. Neil Bauer             (Principal Executive Officer)        


/s/ David J. Frear      Vice President, Chief Financial        January 28, 1997
- -----------------------  Officer and Director
 David J. Frear          (Principal Financial Officer
                         and Principal Accounting
                         Officer)                            


*By: /s/ David J. Frear
- -----------------------
 David J. Frear
Attorney-in-Fact



                                      II-23

<PAGE>



                                   SIGNATURES


   Pursuant to the  requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  the
Registrant has duly caused this Amendment No. 4 to Registration  Statement to be
signed on its behalf by the undersigned,  thereunto duly authorized, in the City
of Rockville, State of Maryland, on the 28th day of January, 1997.

                                        ORION ATLANTIC EUROPE, INC.


                                        By: /s/ W. Neil Bauer*
                                           -------------------------------------
                                              W. Neil Bauer
                                           President and Chief Executive Officer

   Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  this
Amendment No. 4 to Registration Statement has been signed below by the following
persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.




       SIGNATURE                        TITLE                        DATE
- ----------------------  ------------------------------------ -------------------

/s/ W. Neil Bauer*       Chairman, Chief Executive              January 28, 1997
- -----------------------   Officer and Director
W. Neil Bauer             (Principal Executive Officer)        


/s/ David J. Frear      Vice President, Chief Financial        January 28, 1997
- -----------------------  Officer and Director
 David J. Frear          (Principal Financial Officer
                         and Principal Accounting
                         Officer)                            



*By: /s/ David J. Frear
- -----------------------
 David J. Frear
Attorney-in-Fact

                                     II-24
<PAGE>

 
   
    AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON JANUARY 28, 1997

                                                      REGISTRATION NO. 333-19167
================================================================================

                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

                                   ----------


                                    EXHIBITS
                                       TO
                                 AMENDMENT NO. 4
                                       TO
                                    FORM S-1
                             REGISTRATION STATEMENT
                                      UNDER
                           THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

                                   ----------
    


                          ORION NETWORK SYSTEMS, INC.*
             (EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)







================================================================================
<PAGE>

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

                                EXHIBIT INDEX

EXHIBIT                                                                                   PAGE 
NUMBER                                          DESCRIPTION                              NUMBER
- --------                                        -----------                              ------

<S>   <C>                             
1.1   Form of Underwriting Agreement

2.1   Agreement  and Plan of Merger,  dated  January 8, 1997, by and among Orion
      Network  Systems,  Inc.,  Orion  Newco  Services,  Inc.  and Orion  Merger
      Company,  Inc.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  2.1  in
      Registration  Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion Newco Services,
      Inc.) 3.1 Form of Restated  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of Orion Newco
      Services,  Inc.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  3.1 in
      Registration  Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion Newco Services,
      Inc.)

3.2   Bylaws of Orion Newco Services, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to exhibit
      number 3.2 in  Registration  Statement No.  333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion
      Newco Services, Inc.)

3.3   Certificate of Incorporation of Orion Network Systems, Inc.  (Incorporated
      by reference to exhibit number 3.1 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518
      on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

3.4   Bylaws of Orion  Network  Systems,  Inc.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to
      exhibit number 3.2 in  Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of
      Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

3.5   Certificate of Incorporation of Orion Satellite Corporation

3.6   Bylaws of Orion Satellite Corporation

3.7   Certificate of Limited  Partnership  of  International  Private  Satellite
      Partners, L.P.

3.8   Form of Third  Amended and Restated  Agreement of Limited  Partnership  of
      International Private Satellite Partners, L.P.

3.9   Certificate of Incorporation of OrionNet, Inc.

3.10  Bylaws of OrionNet, Inc.

3.11  Certificate of Incorporation of Orion Asia Pacific Corporation

3.12  Bylaws of Orion Asia Pacific Corporation

3.13  Certificate of Incorporation OrionNet Finance Corporation

3.14  Bylaws of OrionNet Finance Corporation

3.15  Certificate of Incorporation of Asia Pacific Space and Communications, Ltd.

3.16  Bylaws of Asia Pacific Space and Communications, Ltd.

3.17  Certificate of Incorporation of Orion Atlantic Europe, Inc.

3.18  Bylaws of Orion Atlantic Europe, Inc.

4.1   Form of Senior Note Indenture and Form of Note included therein

4.2   Form of Senior Discount Note Indenture and Form of Note included therein

4.3   Form of Collateral Pledge and Security Agreement

4.4   INTENTIONALLY OMITTED

4.5   Form of Warrant Agreement, by and between Orion and Bankers Trust Company,
      and Form of Warrant included therein

4.6   Forms of Warrant  issued by Orion.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit
      number 4.1 in  Registration  Statement  No.  33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion
      Network Systems, Inc.)

4.7   Forms  of  Warrant  issued  by  Orion  to  holders  of  Preferred   Stock.
      (Incorporated by reference to exhibit number 4.2 in Registration Statement
      No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

4.8   Forms of Certificates of Designation of Series A 8% Cumulative  Redeemable
      Convertible Preferred Stock, Series B 8% Cumulative Redeemable Convertible
      Preferred  Stock  and  Series  C  6%  Cumulative  Redeemable   Convertible
      Preferred Stock of Orion. (Incorporated by reference to exhibit number 4.3
      in  Registration  Statement  No.  333-19795  on Form  S-4 of  Orion  Newco
      Services, Inc.)


<PAGE>

EXHIBIT                                                                                     PAGE       
NUMBER                                          DESCRIPTION                                NUMBER      
- --------                                        -----------                                ------      
                                                                                                       
4.9   Forms of Series A Preferred  Stock,  Series B Preferred Stock and Series C
      Preferred  Stock  certificates  of Orion.  (Incorporated  by  reference to
      exhibit number 4.4 in Registration  Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of
      Orion Newco Services, Inc.)

4.10  Form of Common Stock  Certificate of Orion.  (Incorporated by reference to
      exhibit number 4.5 in Registration  Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of
      Orion Newco Services, Inc.)

4.11  Forms of Certificates of Designation of Series A 8% Cumulative  Redeemable
      Convertible   Preferred  Stock  and  Series  B  8%  Cumulative  Redeemable
      Convertible Preferred Stock of Orion Network Systems,  Inc.  (Incorporated
      by reference to exhibit number 4.4 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518
      on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.).

4.12  Form of  Warrant  issued to DACOM  Corp.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to
      exhibit number 4.6 in Registration  Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of
      Orion Newco Services, Inc.)
             
4.13  Debenture  Purchase  Agreement,  dated  January  13,  1997,  with  British
      Aerospace and Matra Marconi  Space  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit
      number 4.7 in  Registration  Statement No.  333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion
      Newco Services, Inc.)

5.1   Opinion of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P.

8.1   Opinion of Hogan & Hartson L.L.P. with respect to certain tax matters


10.1  Second Amended and Restated Purchase  Agreement,  dated September 26, 1991
      ("Satellite  Contract") by and between OrionSat and British  Aerospace PLC
      and the First Amendment, dated as of September 15, 1992, Second Amendment,
      dated as of November 9, 1992, Third Amendment, dated as of March 12, 1993,
      Fourth Amendment, dated as of April 15, 1993, Fifth Amendment, dated as of
      September 22, 1993,  Sixth Amendment,  dated as of April 6, 1994,  Seventh
      Amendment,  dated as of  August 9,  1994,  Eighth  Amendment,  dated as of
      December 8, 1994,  and Amendment  No. 9 dated  October 24, 1995,  thereto.
      [CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTIONS OF THESE DOCUMENTS.]
      (Incorporated   by  reference  to  exhibits  number  10.13  and  10.14  in
      Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems,
      Inc.)

10.2  Restated  Amendment No. 10 dated December 10, 1996, between Orion Atlantic
      and Matra  Marconi  Space to the  Second  Amended  and  Restated  Purchase
      Agreement,  dated  September 26, 1991 by and between  OrionSat and British
      Aerospace PLC (which contract and prior exhibits thereto were incorporated
      by  reference  as exhibit  number  10.1).  (Incorporated  by  reference to
      exhibit number 10.2 in Registration Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of
      Orion Newco Services, Inc.)
             
10.3  Ground  Support  System  Agreement,  dated as of  August 2,  1991,  by and
      between Orion Atlantic and Telespazio S.p.A.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT HAS
      BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT.] (Incorporated by reference to
      exhibit number 10.25 in Registration Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of
      Orion Network Systems, Inc.)
               
10.4  Italian  Facility and Services  Agreement,  dated as of August 2, 1991, by
      and between  OrionSat and  Telespazio  S.p.A.  as amended by the amendment
      thereto,  dated March 19, 1994.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT HAS BEEN GRANTED
      FOR PORTIONS OF THESE  DOCUMENTS.]  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit
      number 10.26 in  Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion
      Network Systems, Inc.)
            
10.5  Contract for a Satellite  Control  System,  dated December 7, 1992, by and
      between Orion Atlantic, Telespazio S.p.A. and Martin Marietta Corporation.
      [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTIONS OF THIS  DOCUMENT.]
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.31  in  Registration
      Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)
              
10.6  Credit  Agreement,  dated as of November  23, 1993,  by and between  Orion
      Atlantic,  OrionSat and General  Electric  Capital  Corporation  ("GECC").
      [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTIONS OF THIS  DOCUMENT.]
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.32  in  Registration
      Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)
           

<PAGE>                                                                                              
                                                                                                    
EXHIBIT                                                                                     PAGE    
NUMBER                                          DESCRIPTION                                NUMBER   
- --------                                        -----------                                ------ 
  
10.7  Security  Agreement,  dated as of November 23, 1993,  by and between Orion
      Atlantic,  OrionSat and GECC. (Incorporated by reference to exhibit number
      10.33 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network
      Systems, Inc.)

10.8  Assignment and Security  Agreement,  dated as of November 23, 1993, by and
      between Orion Atlantic,  OrionSat and GECC.  (Incorporated by reference to
      exhibit number 10.34 in Registration Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of
      Orion Network Systems, Inc.)
            
10.9  Consent and Agreement, dated as of November 23, 1993, by and between Orion
      Atlantic, Martin Marietta Corporation and GECC. (Incorporated by reference
      to exhibit number 10.35 in Registration Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1
      of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.10 Deed of  Trust,  dated as of  November  23,  1993,  by and  between  Orion
      Atlantic, W. Allen Ames, Jr. and Michael J. Schwel, as Trustees, and GECC.
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.37  in  Registration
      Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.11 Lease Agreement,  dated as of November 23, 1993, by and between  OrionNet,
      Inc. and Orion  Atlantic,  as amended by an  Amendment,  dated  January 3,
      1995.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS BEEN  GRANTED  FOR  PORTIONS OF THESE
      DOCUMENTS.]   (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.38  in
      Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems,
      Inc.)

10.12 Note for Interim  Loans,  dated as of November  23,  1993,  by and between
      Orion  Atlantic and GECC.  (Incorporated  by  reference to exhibit  number
      10.42 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network
      Systems, Inc.)

10.13 Sales  Representation  Agreement and Ground Operations  Service Agreement,
      each dated as of May 1, 1994 and June 30,  1994,  by and  between  each of
      OrionNet,  Inc.  and  Kingston  Communications,  respectively,  and  Orion
      Atlantic, as amended by side agreements,  dated May 1, 1994, July 12, 1994
      and  February  1,  1995.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS BEEN  GRANTED  FOR
      PORTIONS OF THESE DOCUMENTS.] (Incorporated by reference to exhibit number
      10.43 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network
      Systems, Inc.)

10.14 Lease Agreement,  dated as of October 2, 1992, by and between OrionNet and
      Research Grove Associates,  as amended by Amendment No. 1, dated March 26,
      1993,  Amendment No. 2, dated August 23, 1993,  and Amendment No. 3, dated
      December 20, 1993.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit number 10.39 in
      Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems,
      Inc.)

10.15 Sales  Representation  Agreement and Ground Operations  Service Agreement,
      dated as of June 30, 1995, by and between MCN Sat Service,  S.A. and Orion
      Atlantic.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTIONS OF THIS
      DOCUMENT.]  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit number 10.69 in Orion's
      Registration Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1.)

10.16 Volume  Purchase  Agreement,  dated  January 18, 1995,  by and between the
      Company and Dornier  GmbH.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR
      PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT.]  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit number
      10.66 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network
      Systems, Inc.)

10.17 Product Development,  License and Marketing  Agreement,  dated January 18,
      1995, by and between the Company and Dornier GmbH. [CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT
      HAS  BEEN  GRANTED  FOR  PORTIONS  OF  THIS  DOCUMENT.]  (Incorporated  by
      reference to exhibit  number 10.65 in Orion's  Registration  Statement No.
      33-80518 on Form S-1.)

10.18 Sales Representation  Agreement,  dated as of June 8, 1995, by and between
      Nortel  Dasa  Network   Systems   GmbH  &  Co.  KG  and  Orion   Atlantic.
      [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTIONS OF THIS  DOCUMENT.]
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.70  in  Registration
      Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

<PAGE>                                                                                              
                                                                                                    
EXHIBIT                                                                                     PAGE    
NUMBER                                          DESCRIPTION                                NUMBER   
- --------                                        -----------                                ------   

10.19 Orion 2 Spacecraft  Purchase Contract,  dated July 31, 1996, between Orion
      Atlantic and Matra Marconi Space. [CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN GRANTED
      FOR  PORTIONS OF THIS  DOCUMENT.]  (Incorporated  by  reference to exhibit
      number 10.19 in Registration  Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion
      Newco Services, Inc.)

10.20 Orion's   Amended  and  Restated   1987  Stock  Option  Plan  as  amended.
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.23  in  Registration
      Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.21 Purchase Contract,  dated December 4, 1991, by and between OrionNet, Inc.,
      Shenandoah Valley Leasing Company and MCI Telecommunications  Corporation.
      [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTION OF THIS  DOCUMENT.]
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.30  in  Registration
      Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.22 Amended and Restated Partnership Agreement of Orion Financial Partnership,
      dated as of April 15, 1994, by and between  OrionNet and Computer  Leasing
      Inc.  ("CLI").  (Incorporated  by  reference  to exhibit  number  10.44 in
      Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems,
      Inc.)

10.23 Continuing  Guaranty,  dated as of April 15,  1994,  of the Company of the
      obligations of OrionNet Finance Corporation. (Incorporated by reference to
      exhibit number 10.45 in Registration Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of
      Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.24 Release of  Continuing  Guaranty,  dated as of December 29,  1994,  by the
      Orion Financial Partnership.  (Incorporated by reference to exhibit number
      10.46 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network
      Systems, Inc.)

10.25 Confirmation of Continuing Guaranty, dated as of December 29, 1994, of the
      Company of the  obligation of OFC.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit
      number 10.47 in  Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion
      Network Systems, Inc.)

10.26 Continuing  Guarantee,  dated as of December 29, 1994,  by Lessor  Capital
      Funding  Limited  Partnership  in favor of  Orion  Financial  Partnership.
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.48  in  Registration
      Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.27 Master  Lease  Agreement,  dated  as of April  15,  1994,  by and  between
      OrionNet and Orion Financial  Partnership.  (Incorporated  by reference to
      exhibit number 10.49 in Registration Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of
      Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.28 Collateral  Assignment and Pledge and Security Agreement,  dated April 22,
      1994, by and between CLI and Orion Financial Partnership. (Incorporated by
      reference to exhibit number 10.50 in  Registration  Statement No. 33-80518
      on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.29 Purchase  Agreement,  dated as of April 22, 1994, by and between  OrionNet
      and Orion  Financial  Partnership.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit
      number 10.51 in  Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion
      Network Systems, Inc.)

10.30 Stock Purchase  Agreement,  dated as of April 29, 1994, by and between the
      Company and SS/L.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit  number 10.53 in
      Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems,
      Inc.)

10.31 Registration Rights Agreement,  dated as of April 29, 1994, by and between
      the Company and SS/L.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit number 10.54
      in  Registration  Statement  No.  33-80518  on Form S-1 of  Orion  Network
      Systems, Inc.)

10.32 Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 17, 1994, by and between the Company,
      CIBC,  Fleet and Chisholm.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit  number
      10.55 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network
      Systems, Inc.)

10.33 Stockholders  Agreement,  dated as of June 17,  1994,  by and  between the
      Company,  CIBC, Fleet, Chisholm and certain principal  stockholders of the
      Company.   (Incorporated   by  reference   to  exhibit   number  10.56  in
      Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network Systems,
      Inc.)

<PAGE>                                                                                              
                                                                                                    
EXHIBIT                                                                                     PAGE    
NUMBER                                          DESCRIPTION                                NUMBER   
- --------                                        -----------                                ------   


10.34 Registration  Rights Agreement,  dated as of June 17, 1994, by and between
      the  Company,  CIBC,  Fleet and  Chisholm.  (Incorporated  by reference to
      exhibit number 10.57 in Registration Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of
      Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.35 Purchase  Agreement,  dated as of June 19, 1995, by and among the Company,
      CIBC,  Fleet and an  affiliate  of Fleet.  (Incorporated  by  reference to
      exhibit number 10.58 in Registration Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of
      Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.36 Definitive  Agreement,  dated April 26,  1990,  by and between  Orion Asia
      Pacific  and the  Republic  of the  Marshall  Islands  and a Stock  Option
      Agreement  related thereto.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR
      PORTIONS OF THESE DOCUMENTS.] (Incorporated by reference to exhibit number
      10.60 in Registration  Statement No. 33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion Network
      Systems, Inc.)

10.37 Option  Agreement,  dated December 10, 1996, by and between Orion Atlantic
      and Matra  Marconi  Space.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR
      PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT.]  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit number
      10.37 in Registration  Statement No.  333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion Newco
      Services, Inc.)

10.38 Memorandum of Agreement for the  Procurement of Orion 2 Spacecraft,  dated
      December 19, 1996, by and between Orion  Atlantic and Matra Marconi Space.
      [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT HAS BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTIONS OF THIS  DOCUMENT.]
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.38  in  Registration
      Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion Newco Services, Inc.)

10.39 TT&C Earth  Station  Agreement,  dated as of  November  11,  1996,  by and
      between  Orion Asia Pacific and DACOM Corp.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS
      BEEN GRANTED FOR PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT.] (Incorporated by reference to
      exhibit number 10.39 in Registration  Statement No.  333-19795 on Form S-4
      of Orion Newco Services, Inc.)

10.40 Joint Investment Agreement,  dated as of November 11, 1996, by and between
      Orion  Asia  Pacific  and DACOM  Corp.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS BEEN
      GRANTED FOR  PORTIONS OF THIS  DOCUMENT.]  (Incorporated  by  reference to
      exhibit number 10.40 in Registration  Statement No.  333-19795 on Form S-4
      of Orion Newco Services, Inc.)

10.41 Orion Network Systems,  Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Incorporated by
      reference to exhibit number 4.4 in Registration Statement No. 333-19021 on
      Form S-8 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.42 Orion Network  Systems,  Inc. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan  (Incorporated by
      reference to exhibit number 4.5 in Registration Statement No. 333-19021 on
      Form S-8 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

10.43 Orion  Network  Systems,  Inc.  Non-Employee  Director  Stock  Option Plan
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.43  in  Registration
      Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion Newco Services, Inc.)

10.44 Exchange  Agreement  dated June 1996 among Orion  Network  Systems,  Orion
      Atlantic,  OrionSat and the Limited Partners (Incorporated by reference to
      exhibit 10 in Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 20, 1996, of Orion
      Network Systems, Inc.)

10.45 First  Amendment to Exchange  Agreement  dated  December  1996 among Orion
      Network  Systems,  Orion  Atlantic,  OrionSat  and the  Limited  Partners.
      (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  number  10.45  in  Registration
      Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion Newco Services, Inc.)

10.46 Redemption  Agreement  dated  November 21,  1995,  by and between STET and
      Orion Atlantic,  the promissory notes delivered  thereunder and Instrument
      of  Redemption  relating  thereto.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit
      number 10.1 in Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 21, 1995 of Orion
      Network Systems, Inc.)

10.47 IPSP-Telecom  Italia  Agreement  dated  November 21, 1995,  by and between
      Telecom  Italia  and  Orion  Atlantic.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT  HAS BEEN
      GRANTED FOR  PORTIONS OF THIS  DOCUMENT.]  (Incorporated  by  reference to
      exhibit  number 10.2 in Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 21, 1995
      of Orion Network Systems, Inc.)

<PAGE>                                                                                              
                                                                                                    
EXHIBIT                                                                                     PAGE    
NUMBER                                          DESCRIPTION                                NUMBER   
- --------                                        -----------                                ------   

10.48 Indemnity  Agreement dated November 21, 1995, by and among Telecom Italia,
      Orion  Atlantic,  Orion and STET.  (Incorporated  by  reference to exhibit
      number 10.3 in Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 21, 1995 of Orion
      Network Systems, Inc.)

10.49 Subscription  Agreement  dated November 21, 1995, by and between Orion and
      Orion   Atlantic,   and  the   promissory   note   delivered   thereunder.
      (Incorporated  by  reference to exhibit  number 10.5 in Current  Report on
      Form 8-K dated November 21, 1995 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.).

10.50 First  Amendment  to the Italian  Facility and  Services  Agreement  dated
      November 21, 1995,  by and between  Orion  Atlantic and Nuova  Telespazio.
      (Incorporated  by  reference to exhibit  number 10.7 in Current  Report on
      Form 8-K dated November 21, 1995 of Orion Network Systems, Inc.).

10.51 Registration Rights Agreement,  dated January 13, 1997, by and among Orion
      Newco Services,  Inc., British Aerospace Holdings,  Inc. and Matra Marconi
      Space.  (Incorporated by reference to exhibit number 10.51 in Registration
      Statement No. 333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion Newco Services, Inc.)

10.52 Orion 3 Spacecraft Purchase Contract, dated January 15, 1997, by and among
      Hughes Space and  Communications  International,  Inc., Orion Asia Pacific
      Corporation and Orion Network  Systems.  [CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT HAS BEEN
      REQUESTED FOR PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT.  THE  CONFIDENTIAL  PORTIONS HAVE
      BEEN REDACTED AND FILED SEPARATELY WITH THE COMMISSION.]

12.1  Statement Regarding Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.

21.1  List of  subsidiaries  of Orion.  (Incorporated  by  references to exhibit
      number 21.1 in Registration  Statement No.  333-19795 on Form S-4 of Orion
      Newco Services, Inc.)

23.1  Consent of Ernst & Young LLP

23.2  Consent of Hogan & Hartson  L.L.P.  (included  in their  opinion  filed as
      Exhibit 5.1).

23.3  Consent of Ascent Communications Advisors, L.P.

24.1  Powers of Attorney  (included on the signature  pages of the  Registration
      Statement).

26.1  Form T-1  Statement  of  Eligibility  and  Qualification  under  the Trust
      Indenture Act of 1939, as amended of Bankers Trust Company as trustee.

99.1  Orders of FCC regarding  OrionSat.  (Incorporated  by reference to exhibit
      number 99.1 in  Registration  Statement No.  33-80518 on Form S-1 of Orion
      Network Systems, Inc.).

99.2  Valuation   for  Orion   Atlantic  as  of  December  1,  1996,  by  Ascent
      Communications   Advisors,  L.P.  (Included  as  9  Attachment  A  to  the
      Prospectus which is a part of this Registration Statement.)


</TABLE>




CONFIDENTIAL  TREATMENT HAS BEEN  REQUESTED FOR PORTIONS OF THIS  DOCUMENT.  THE
CONFIDENTIAL   PORTIONS  HAVE  BEEN  REDACTED  AND  FILED  SEPARATELY  WITH  THE
COMMISSION.

The portions of this Exhibit for which confidential treatment has been requested
are marked by brackets([  ]). In addition,  an asterisk (*) appears in the right
hand margin of each paragraph in which confidential information is included.



                      ORION 3 SPACECRAFT PURCHASE CONTRACT

                                  BY AND AMONG

               HUGHES SPACE AND COMMUNICATIONS INTERNATIONAL, INC.

                                       AND

                         ORION ASIA PACIFIC CORPORATION

                                       AND

                           ORION NETWORK SYSTEMS, INC.

                     Hughes Contract Number: Orion 3/001/97





                               PROPRIETARY NOTICE
                               ------------------

The  information  contained in the Contract is  proprietary  to Hughes Space and
Communications  International,  Inc.,  Orion Asia Pacific  Corporation and Orion
Network  Systems,  Inc.  and may not be disclosed or provided to any third party
without  the  express  written  consent  of  Hughes  Space  and   Communications
International,  Inc., Orion Asia Pacific  Corporation and Orion Network Systems,
Inc.


<PAGE>


                                                                    

                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                    CONTRACT


Contract Articles

Exhibit A - Statement  of Work  
Exhibit B - Satellite  Technical  Specifications
Exhibit C - Satellite  Product  Assurance Plan 
Exhibit D - Test Plan 
Exhibit E - Ground  Segment  
Exhibit F - Payment  Plan and  Termination  Liability  Amounts
Exhibit G - Schedules  to Article 15 
Exhibit H - Payload  Long - Lead  Inventory Items 
Exhibit I - Technical Performance






<PAGE>










                       ORION 3 SATELLITE PURCHASE CONTRACT


                                CONTRACT ARTICLES












<PAGE>




                                TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                -----------------

                                CONTRACT ARTICLES






                                                            
ARTICLE 1.  DEFINITIONS...............................................  3
ARTICLE 2.  SCOPE OF WORK............................................. 15
ARTICLE 3.  DELIVERY SCHEDULE......................................... 17
ARTICLE 4.  CONTRACT PRICE, INVOICING, PAYMENT AND ADJUSTMENTS........ 18
ARTICLE 5.  SATELLITE PERFORMANCE INCENTIVE PAYMENTS.................. 24
ARTICLE 6.  LAUNCH VEHICLE DELAYS..................................... 32
ARTICLE 7.  PERMITS AND LICENSES;  GOVERNMENT APPROVALS............... 34
ARTICLE 8.  PRE-SHIP REVIEW, LAUNCH READINESS REVIEW, IN-ORBIT 
            ACCEPTANCE AND FINAL ACCEPTANCE........................... 36
ARTICLE 9.  TITLE AND RISK OF LOSS.................................... 43
ARTICLE 10. EXCUSABLE DELAYS.......................................... 44
ARTICLE 11. LIQUIDATED DAMAGES FOR LATE DELIVERY...................... 46
ARTICLE 12. ACCESS TO WORK-IN-PROGRESS AND DATA....................... 48
ARTICLE 13. INTER-PARTY WAIVER OF LIABILITY........................... 53
ARTICLE 14. HUGHES' REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS......... 54
ARTICLE 15. ORION'S REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES, COVENANTS AND 
            ACKNOWLEDGMENTS........................................... 57
ARTICLE 16. TAXES AND DUTIES.......................................... 63
ARTICLE 17. TERMINATION AND OTHER RIGHTS.............................. 65
ARTICLE 18. DATA AND SOFTWARE......................................... 74
ARTICLE 19. PATENT INDEMNIFICATION.................................... 76
ARTICLE 20. RIGHTS IN INVENTIONS...................................... 78
ARTICLE 21. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION................................... 81
ARTICLE 22. CHANGES................................................... 84
ARTICLE 23. PUBLICITY................................................. 86
ARTICLE 24. NOTICES................................................... 87
ARTICLE 25. INTEGRATION............................................... 88
ARTICLE 26. ASSIGNMENT OR CHANGE IN OWNERSHIP OR CONTROL.............. 89
ARTICLE 27. SEVERABILITY.............................................. 90

                                      -i-

<PAGE>


ARTICLE 28. CORRECTIVE MEASURES IN UNLAUNCHED SATELLITES............... 91
ARTICLE 29. CUSTOMER'S RESPONSIBILITIES................................ 92
ARTICLE 30. APPLICABLE LAW AND DISPUTE RESOLUTION...................... 94
ARTICLE 31. PERFORMANCE COMMENCEMENT DATE.............................. 97
ARTICLE 32. STORAGE.................................................... 98
ARTICLE 33. OPTIONS................................................... 102
ARTICLE 34. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY................................... 110
ARTICLE 35. MISCELLANEOUS............................................. 113
ARTICLE 36. SUBCONTRACTORS............................................ 116
ARTICLE 37. INSURANCE................................................. 117
ARTICLE 38. KEY PERSONNEL............................................. 118
ARTICLE 39. INDEMNIFICATION........................................... 119



Annex A - Form of Certification


                                      -ii-


<PAGE>


THE CONTRACT (the "Contract") is effective as of the ____ day of January 1997-,

BY AND AMONG:

HUGHES SPACE AND COMMUNICATIONS INTERNATIONAL, INC., a corporation organized and
existing  under  the laws of the  State  of  Delaware,  U.S.A.,  with a place of
business in El Segundo, California,  U.S.A. (hereinafter referred to as "Hughes"
or "Contractor") and

ORION ASIA PACIFIC CORPORATION,  a company organized and existing under the laws
of Delaware,  U.S.A.  with a place of business in  Rockville,  Maryland,  U.S.A.
(hereinafter referred to as "Orion" or "Customer") and

ORION NETWORK SYSTEMS,  INC., a company organized and existing under the laws of
Delaware,  U.S.A.,  with a place of  business  in  Rockville,  Maryland,  U.S.A.
(hereinafter referred to as "ONS").

As used in the Contract, "Party" means either Hughes or Customer or for purposes
of Article 15 and Paragraph 21.10 only, ONS, as appropriate, and "Parties" means
Hughes and Customer.



WHEREAS, Customer desires to procure an HS 601 HP satellite system consisting of
the Satellite to be delivered in orbit with an  Operational  Lifetime of fifteen
(15) years,  related items,  including  Satellite  Control Equipment and related
services,  including Launch and Mission Operations and Launch Services,  subject
to the terms and conditions hereof;

WHEREAS, Hughes desires to supply such a satellite system in accordance with the
terms and conditions hereof;

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S>                                                                             <C>

WHEREAS,  the Parties entered into an  Authorization  to Proceed  Agreement (the
"ATP" or "ATP  Agreement")  dated  December 13,  1996,  pursuant to which Hughes
agreed to commence Work on the  Satellite  upon payment by Customer to Hughes of
[                                    ];                                         *

</TABLE>

                                      -1-                                      

<PAGE>


WHEREAS, the Parties agreed in the ATP to negotiate diligently and in good faith
with the aim of finalizing the terms and  conditions for the  procurement of the
Satellite and related items and services; and

WHEREAS, the Parties have reached agreement on such terms and conditions;

NOW,  THEREFORE,  in  consideration  of  the  mutual  covenants  and  agreements
contained herein and intending to be legally bound hereby,  the Parties agree as
follows:







                                      -2-



<PAGE>


ARTICLE 1. DEFINITIONS




1.1   In the  Contract,  unless the context  otherwise  requires,  the following
      terms shall have the meaning stated hereunder:


      A.    "Affiliate"  means,  with respect to a Party, any direct or indirect
            subsidiaries  or parent company of such Party or another  subsidiary
            of any such parent company.

      B.    "Aggregate  Predicted  Transponder  Life" or "APTL" means the sum of
            the  Predicted  Transponder  Life of  each  and  every  Successfully
            Operating Transponder embodied in the Satellite.

      C.    "ATP"  or  "ATP  Agreement"  means  the   Authorization  to  Proceed
            Agreement  entered into between  Customer and Hughes on December 13,
            1996.
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<S>                                                                             <C>
      D.    "ATP Payment" means the [                                          ]*
            paid by  Customer  and  received  by Hughes  pursuant to the ATP and
            which  amount  shall be  credited  as a Progress  Payment  under the
            Contract.
</TABLE>

      E.    "Authorized  Representative"  means,  in the case of  Customer,  its
            President  (or any person  designated in writing by the President to
            be an Authorized  Representative  of Customer),  in the case of ONS,
            its President (or any person  designated in writing by the President
            to be an  Authorized  Representative  of ONS)  and,  in the  case of
            Hughes,  its President  (or any person  designated in writing by the
            President to be an Authorized Representative of Hughes).

      F.    "Available  For Shipment"  means that the Satellite or the Satellite
            Control Equipment ("SCE"), as applicable, has successfully completed
            the  Pre-Ship  Review  and,  with  respect  to  the  SCE,  has  been
            preliminarily accepted by Customer as described in Article 8.




                                      -3-                                     


<PAGE>


<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

<S>                                                                             <C>
      G.    "Balloon Payment" means the Progress Payment in the amount of [    ]*
           [                                           ] required  to be paid by
            Customer  to Hughes  on or  before  [           ],  pursuant  to the*
            Contract.
</TABLE>

      H.    "Beneficial  Access"  means,  with  respect to a  Satellite  Control
            Facility, that all things which Customer is required to do have been
            done,  and the site is ready in all  respects  on a 24-hour  per day
            basis,  to  permit  Hughes  to  commence  SCE  installation   and/or
            satellite  tracking,  as the case may be, as  defined  in  Exhibit E
            (Ground Segment).

      I.    "Business  Day" means a day on which  Hughes or Customer is open for
            business, as applicable,  but excluding Saturdays,  Sundays and days
            when  commercial  banks in the States of  California or New York are
            required or permitted to be closed.

      J.    "C-Band   Repeater"   means  the  repeater   with  ten  (10)  C-band
            Transponders with beam coverage over all Asia.

      K.    "CDRL" or "Contract Data Requirements  List" means the documentation
            listed in Section 12 of Exhibit A (Statement of Work).

      L.    "Consultant(s)"  means a person or organization retained by Customer
            or Orion's  customers to provide Customer or Orion's  customers,  as
            applicable,  with  technical  advice and  identified  by Customer to
            Hughes as such in  accordance  with  Article  12.  For  purposes  of
            Paragraphs  12.4 and 12.12,  "Consultant(s)"  shall also include any
            person  retained by Customer or Orion's  customers  to provide  such
            technical advice who is not both (i) a Customer  employee and (ii) a
            United States citizen;  Consultant shall also include those Customer
            employees who are not U.S. citizens.

      M.    "Contract"  means this written  instrument  embodying  the agreement
            between  Hughes and  Customer and  including  the Annex and Exhibits
            annexed hereto and made a part of the Contract.


                                      -4-                                      

<PAGE>

      N.    "Contract Deliverable Data" means any Technical Data and Information
            generated  in the  performance  of the Work under the  Contract  and
            specifically  listed  in  Exhibit  A  (Statement  of  Work) as being
            deliverable under the Contract.

      O.    "Contract  Price"  means the total  amount  expressed  in  Article_4
            (Contract Price, Invoicing Payment and Adjustments).

      P.    "Customer  Personnel"  means  Orion  employees  or  representatives,
            Orion's  Consultants'  employees or Orion's customers'  employees or
            Consultants. See also the definition of "Consultant."

      Q.    "DACOM" means the Korean telecommunications  company that has leased
            capacity on the Satellite from Customer.

      R.    "Day"  means a  continuous  24-hour  period  commencing  at Midnight
            (Greenwich Mean Time).

      S.    "Deliver" and its  derivatives  (such as "Delivered" and "Delivery")
            shall have the meaning set forth in Article 8.

      T.    "Delivery  Schedule"  means the  timetable for Delivery set forth in
            Article_3 (Delivery Schedule).

      U.    "Designated  Launch Site" means the launch facility  provided by the
            Launch Provider.

      V.    "Documentation" means the documentation to be delivered by Hughes to
            Customer  under the Contract,  as more fully  described in Exhibit_A
            (Statement of Work).

      W.    "Effective Date of Contract"  ("EDC") means the date as of which the
            Contract has been duly signed by both Parties.


                                      -5-
<PAGE>

      X.    "Final  Acceptance" has the meaning specified in Article 8 (Pre-Ship
            Review,   Launch  Readiness  Review,   In-Orbit  Testing  and  Final
            Acceptance).

      Y.    "Financing  Entity"  means any entity  (other than Hughes or parties
            related to Hughes (e.g.,  commercial bank, merchant bank, investment
            bank, commercial finance  organization,  corporation or partnership)
            providing  money on a full or partial debt basis to Customer to fund
            construction and delivery of the Satellite.

      Z.    "Ground Control  Software" means the proprietary  computer  software
            programs and related documentation  developed by Hughes and provided
            under the Contract.  Ground Control  Software  includes the software
            program and documentation as they are originally  provided,  and any
            modifications  made by Customer and such  modifications as may later
            be provided in the form of  subsequent  releases or in any form they
            may be converted into by Customer.

      AA.   "Ground Segment" means all the ground equipment,  software, training
            and related  services  including  the equipment and software for one
            (1) TT&C facility and two (2) Satellite Control Facilities,  as more
            particularly  described  in  Exhibit E (Ground  Segment)  and,  with
            respect to training, Exhibit A (Statement of Work).

      AB.   "Including" and its  derivatives  (such as "include" and "includes")
            means including without limitation.  This term is as defined whether
            or not capitalized in the Contract.

      AC.   "Initial  Incentive  Amount"  means Ten Million U.S.  Dollars  (U.S.
            $10,000,000).

      AD.   "Initial  Payment"  means  the  Eight  Million  U.S.  Dollars  (U.S.
            $8,000,000)  Progress Payment made simultaneously with the Effective
            Date of the Contract.

      AE.   "In-Orbit  Acceptance  Report"  or  "In-Orbit  Test  Report" or "IOT
            Report" means that  document that is a deliverable  item in the CDRL
            and as described in Exhibit A (Statement of Work).


                                      -6-
<PAGE>

      AF.   "Intentional  Ignition"  means  the  point  in time in the  ignition
            process of a Delta III Launch  Vehicle,  for the  purpose of launch,
            when the  command  signal  sent from the launch  control  console is
            received by the Launch Vehicle,  which command signal is intended to
            and does ignite any of the first stage main engines.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

<S>                                                                             <C>
      AG.   "Ku-Band  1  Repeater"  means the  repeater  with [                ]*
            Ku-band Transponders split among the [                            ],*
            [                ] beams.                                           *

      AH.   "Ku-Band 2  Repeater"  means the  repeater  with  [       ]  Ku-band*
            Transponders for [       ].                                         *
</TABLE>

      AI.   "Launch"   means   Intentional   Ignition   followed  by  the  first
            intentional ignition of a Delta III solid rocket motor.

      AJ.   "Launch    and    Mission     Operations"     means    the    launch
            campaign/transportation,   launch  services,  mission  planning  and
            mission  services  up to  the  point  of  Final  Acceptance  of  the
            Satellite, as more particularly described in Exhibit A (Statement of
            Work).

      AK.   "Launch  Date"  means the date  scheduled  by Hughes  and the Launch
            Provider as the date for Launch of the Satellite.

      AL.   "Launch  Insurance"  means  insurance that covers the Satellite from
            the period commencing at Intentional  Ignition and ending no earlier
            than six (6) months after Intentional Ignition.

      AM.   "Launch  Provider"  means  McDonnell  Douglas   Corporation  or  any
            successor entity, for example, Boeing.

      AN.   "Launch  Readiness  Review"  ("LRR")  means the review that verifies
            that the Designated  Launch Site  Satellite  testing and checkout as
            described  in  Exhibit  D 


                                      -7                                      
<PAGE>

            (Test Plan) has been  completed  and the  Satellite is deemed by the
            Parties  ready  to  be  turned  over  to  the  Launch  Provider  for
            integration with the Launch Vehicle.

      AO.   "Launch  Services"  means the  standard  services  which the  Launch
            Provider provides under its customary launch services agreement.

      AP.   "Launch Vehicle" means a Delta III launch vehicle.

      AQ.   "MMS TT & C Software" shall have the meaning  specified in Paragraph
            33.1.C.

      AR.   "Operational  Lifetime"  means the  fifteen  (15)  year  performance
            period of the Satellite.  This  performance  period commences on (i)
            the day when the Satellite is  positioned  at its Specified  Orbital
            Location or at a Storage  Orbit  specified  by  Customer  inside the
            stationkeeping  box of plus  or  minus  0.05  degrees  and  in-orbit
            testing  has been  completed,  or (ii)  forty-five  (45) Days  after
            Launch,  whichever is earlier.  In the event that the  Satellite has
            been  placed  in a storage  orbit,  then any such  in-orbit  storage
            period shall be counted in the fifteen (15) year performance period.

      AS.   "Option  Satellite" shall have the meaning ascribed to it in Article
            33 (Options).
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

<S>                                                                             <C>
      AT.   [       ] means the [            ] satellite company.               *
</TABLE>

      AU.   "Orion's customer" means DACOM or any other customer of Orion.

      AV.   "Paid-Over-Time  Incentive"  means Eight Million U.S.  Dollars (U.S.
            $8,000,000)  to be paid over time by  Customer  in  accordance  with
            Article_5.

      AW.   "Performance  Commencement  Date" (PCD) has the meaning specified in
            Article 31 (Performance Commencement Date).

      AX.   "Performance  Incentives"  means the  Initial  Incentive  Amount and
            Paid-Over-Time Incentive.

                                      -8-                                     
<PAGE>

      AY.   "Person"  means  any  individual,   partnership,  limited  liability
            company, corporation,  association, trust or other entity, including
            any government or political subdivision or any agency, department or
            instrumentality thereof.

      AZ.   "Predicted  Transponder  Life" or "PTL"  means  the  period of time,
            measured in years, over which a Successfully  Operating  Transponder
            can be  operated,  commencing  from  the  date  of  Delivery  of the
            Preliminary  In-Orbit  Acceptance Report,  this period of time being
            equal to whichever is the shortest of:

            (1) fifteen (15) years, or

            (2) the Satellite predicted propellant life calculated in accordance
                with  HS 601 HP  product  line  propulsion  sub-system  analysis
                methods, the results of which will be documented in the In-Orbit
                Acceptance Report, or

            (3) the  period  of  time  over  which  there  is  predicted  to  be
                sufficient  solar  array  power  to  operate  such  Successfully
                Operating Transponder co-extensively with all other Successfully
                Operating Transponders,  calculated in accordance with HS 601 HP
                product line power sub-system  analysis methods,  the results of
                which will be documented in the In-Orbit Acceptance Report.

      BA.   "Preliminary In-Orbit Acceptance Report" means that document that is
            a  deliverable  item in the  CDRL  and as  described  in  Exhibit  A
            (Statement of Work).

      BB.   "Pre-Ship  Review"  or "PSR"  means the  Hughes-conducted  readiness
            review  specified  in  Exhibit_A  (Statement  of  Work)  authorizing
            shipment of the Satellite to the Designated Launch Site.

      BC.   "Product  Assurance Plan" means the Product Assurance Plan set forth
            in Exhibit C (Satellite Product Assurance Plan).

                                      -9-
<PAGE>




      BD.   "Properly  Operated  Satellite"  means a  Satellite  which  is being
            monitored and  commanded by Customer in accordance  with the written
            directives,   computer  media  and  instructions  contained  in  the
            recommended  Spacecraft operating procedures (as such procedures may
            be amended by the Parties) and any applicable  service notes for the
            Satellite,  such having been  furnished by Hughes to Customer  under
            the Contract.

      BE.   "Progress Payment" means any of those payments listed as payments in
            Exhibit F (Payment  Plan),  including  the ATP Payment,  the Initial
            Payment, and the Balloon Payment.

      BF.   "Satellite"  or  "Orion  3  Satellite"  means  the HS  601 HP  Class
            satellite to be provided to Customer as part of the Work (as defined
            below). The term "Spacecraft" shall be interchangeable with the term
            "Satellite" and has the same meaning.

      BG.   "Satellite Control Equipment" ("SCE") means the equipment  specified
            in  Appendix A  of  Exhibit  E  (Ground   Segment),   including  the
            telemetry,  tracking,  and command equipment being  manufactured and
            delivered under the Contract as part of the Work thereof.

      BH.   "Satellite  Control  Facility"  means a ground  facility  created or
            modified to command the HS 601 HP Satellite delivered to Customer by
            Hughes under the Contract.

      BI.   "Scheduled  Delivery Date" means the date of delivery or performance
            as specified in Article 3 (Delivery Schedule).

      BJ.   "Senior  Executive  Level"  shall  have  the  meaning  set  forth in
            Paragraph 12.9.

 
     BK.   "Specified Orbital Location" means, with respect to a Satellite, the
            geostationary  orbit  location  specified  in  Exhibit B  (Satellite
            Technical Specification).

                                      -10-
<PAGE>


      BL.   "Statement  of Work" means the Statement of Work attached as Exhibit
            A to the Contract.

      BM.   "Storage Orbit" means any geostationary  orbital location other than
            the Specified Orbital Location.

      BN.   "Subcontract"  means a contract awarded by Hughes to a Subcontractor
            or a contract awarded by a Subcontractor to another Subcontractor to
            provide a portion of the Work covered by the Contract.

      BO.   "Subcontractor"  means a Person which has been awarded a Subcontract
            by Hughes or a Subcontractor.

      BP.   "Successfully  Launched Satellite" means a Satellite that meets both
            the following conditions:

            (1) The elements of the  Satellite's  transfer orbit  established by
                the Launch  Vehicle  and the spin axis  orientation  and time of
                separation  are each within three (3) sigma limits of the Launch
                Vehicle  performance  as  established  by Hughes with the Launch
                Provider  in  the  interface   control  document  or  equivalent
                relating to the Satellite; and

            (2) The Satellite  has not suffered  damage caused by any failure or
                malfunction of the Launch Vehicle.

      BQ.   "Successfully  Operating  Transponder"  means a  Transponder  in the
            Satellite which meets any one of the following criteria:

            (1) The   Transponder   is  performing   in   compliance   with  the
                requirements of Exhibit B (Satellite  Technical  Specification).
                If a Transponder  is not a  Successfully  Operating  Transponder
                during  periods  of  eclipse,  it  shall be  deemed  to be not a
                Successfully  Operating  Transponder from that time forward. Any
                failure of a  Transponder  which is  corrected by switching to a

                                      -11-
<PAGE>



                redundancy  in the  system  immediately  after  the  failure  is
                discovered  shall not be deemed as  failing  to comply  with the
                requirements of Exhibit B  (Satellite  Technical  Specification)
                and shall not cause the  Transponder  to be considered  anything
                other than a Successfully Operating Transponder.

            (2) The  Transponder,  while not  performing in compliance  with the
                requirements of Exhibit_B, is being used, or is capable of being
                used without  material  change to  Customer's  normal  operating
                procedures, by Customer to generate approximately the same level
                of revenues as if it were  operating as specified in  Exhibit_B;
                or

            (3) The  Transponder  is  not  performing  in  compliance  with  the
                requirements  of  Exhibit_B  due to the  Satellite  not  being a
                Properly Operated Satellite; or

            (4) The Transponder  (not a TWTA) is being used as an in-orbit spare
                or is turned off but would  otherwise  be capable of meeting one
                of the above three criteria; or

            (5) The Transponder is on the Satellite which is in a storage orbit.

            (6) In  the  event   Customer   chooses  to  operate  the  Satellite
                commercially  from a Storage Orbit,  then a Transponder  will be
                deemed to be a Successfully  Operating  Transponder  provided it
                can be shown  that it would have been a  Successfully  Operating
                Transponder  had the Satellite been operating from the Specified
                Orbital Location.

      BR.   "Test  Plan"  means the test plan set forth in Exhibit D (Test Plan)
            to the Contract.

      BS.   "The  Orion 3  Satellite  Program"  means the  program to provide an
            HS 601 HP-based  telecommunications  system, of which the Work under
            the Contract is a part.

                                      -12-
<PAGE>



      BT.   "Technical Data and Information" means documented  information which
            is directly related to the design, development,  use, operation, and
            maintenance of the Satellite and/or SCE. This includes, for example,
            information  in  the  form  of  drawings,   photographs,   technical
            writings, pictorial reproductions and specifications. This term does
            not  include  ground  computer  software,  financial  reports,  cost
            analysis and information incidental to Contract administration.

      BU.   "Transponder"  means a  communications  signal path  utilized in the
            provision  of  a  channel  for  a  communications  service  as  more
            specifically    defined   in   Exhibit   B   (Satellite    Technical
            Specification), and the term "Communications Channel" shall have the
            same meaning.

      BV.   "Vendor Software" means the proprietary  computer software programs,
            in object code form, and related documentation  developed by vendors
            and delivered under the Contract.

      BW.   "Work"  means  all  labor,  services,  acts  (including  tests to be
            performed),   items,  materials,   articles,  data,   documentation,
            equipment,  matters  and  things to be  furnished,  and rights to be
            transferred, by Hughes to Customer under the Contract.

      BX.   "United  States  Government"  means  the  government  of the  United
            States,    including    any   agencies,    commissions,    branches,
            instrumentalities and departments thereof.

1.2   The Article and Paragraph  headings are for  convenience of reference only
      and  shall not be  considered  in  interpreting  the  Contract.  Where the
      context so  requires,  words in the  singular  include the plural and vice
      versa,  and words  imputing the masculine  gender include the feminine and
      neuter  genders.  The recitals of the Contract  are  descriptive  only and
      shall not create or affect obligations of the Parties.

1.3   In the  Contract,  "Article"  generally  refers to a complete  section and
      "Paragraph" to a subsection of an Article.  For example,  "Paragraph  3.5"
      refers to the fifth subsection of 

                                      -13-
<PAGE>


      the third Article of the Contract.







                                      -14-









<PAGE>


ARTICLE 2. SCOPE OF WORK

2.1   In accordance with the terms and conditions of the Contract,  Hughes shall
      sell,  and Customer  shall  purchase,  the items  referred to in Article 3
      (Delivery  Schedule).  Hughes  shall  furnish  and  perform  the  Work  in
      accordance  with the  provisions  of the Contract  including the following
      documents, which are attached hereto,  incorporated herein and made a part
      of the Contract:


      Document                                                 Dated
      --------                                                 -----

      Exhibit A - Statement of Work                            EDC
      Exhibit B - Satellite Technical Specification            EDC
      Exhibit C - Satellite Product Assurance Plan             EDC
      Exhibit D - Test Plan                                    EDC
      Exhibit E - Ground Segment                               EDC
      Exhibit F - Payment Plan and Termination Liability 
                  Amounts                                      EDC
      Exhibit G - Schedules to Article 15                      EDC
      Exhibit H - Payload Long-Lead Inventory Items            No later than 
                                                               December 31, 1997
      Exhibit I - Technical Performance                        EDC


2.2   In the event of any ambiguity,  conflict or inconsistency among or between
      the parts of the Contract,  such inconsistency shall be resolved by giving
      precedence in the order of the parts of the Contract as set forth below:



           1   Contract Articles
           2   Payment Plan and Termination Liability Amounts (Exhibit F)
           3   Schedules to Article 15 (Exhibit G)
           4   Statement of Work (Exhibit A)
           5   Technical Performance (Exhibit I)
           6   Satellite Technical Specification (Exhibit B)
           7   Test Plan (Exhibit D)
           8   Satellite Product Assurance Plan (Exhibit C)
           9   Ground Segment (Exhibit E)
          10   Payload Long-Lead Inventory Items (Exhibit H)


                                      -15-

<PAGE>


2.3   In the event the Parties are unable to resolve any ambiguity,  conflict or
      inconsistency  that  affects  the  Work,  Hughes  will  follow  Customer's
      direction as to the interpretation of the Contract and the cost,  schedule
      and  performance  impact thereof will be determined  under  Paragraph 22.3
      (regarding  changes requested by Customer),  pending the resolution of the
      ambiguity,  conflict or  inconsistency  pursuant to Article 30 (Applicable
      Law and Dispute  Resolution)  should  either Party choose to proceed under
      Article 30.  Notwithstanding the foregoing,  nothing in this Paragraph 2.3
      alters or affects Hughes' rights under this Contract, if Customer does not
      timely  make any  Progress  Payment  prior to and  including  the  Balloon
      Payment. In the event of any ambiguity, conflict or inconsistency relating
      to Hughes' rights to any Progress  Payment up to and including the Balloon
      Payment or rights and remedies in the event of  nonpayment of any Progress
      Payment up to and including  the Balloon  Payment,  Customer  shall follow
      Hughes  direction as to the  interpretation  of the  Contract  pending the
      resolution of the ambiguity, conflict or inconsistency pursuant to Article
      30 should either party choose to proceed under Article 30 (Applicable  Law
      and Dispute Resolution).

2.4   Hughes shall deliver to Customer no later than February 15, 1997 revisions
      to the pages of Exhibit B  (Satellite  Technical  Specification)  attached
      hereto  as  Exhibit  I  (Technical   Performance).   In  developing  these
      revisions,  Hughes will use its best reasonable  efforts  (consistent with
      the fundamental  design and hardware of HS 601 HP product line) to achieve
      performance  levels meeting or exceeding  Customer's  minimum  performance
      requirements,  as set  forth in  handwriting  in  Exhibit  I. The  revised
      Exhibit B shall be effective upon Customer's review and written approval.


                                      -16-


<PAGE>





ARTICLE 3. DELIVERY SCHEDULE

3.1   Thefollowing goods and services to be provided under the Contract shall be
      Delivered  to the  locations  specified  below,  on or  before  the  dates
      specified below, in Table 3.1:

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                   Table 3.1
                               Delivery Schedule
    
                                       Date of Delivery
      Item                              or Performance            Place of Delivery
      ----                              --------------            -----------------
<S>                                     <C>                       <C>                                         
      1. Orion 3 Satellite              December 31, 1998*        In-orbit at Specified Orbital
                                                                  Location
      2. Launch and Mission             As required*              As required
         Operations  (LEOP)
      3. Launch Services (Delta III)    As required*              Designated Launch Site
      4. Ground Segment**               As required*              As specified by Customer
      5. Training                       As required*              As required
      6. Contract Deliverable Data      Per Exhibit A (CDRL)      As specified by Customer
         and Documentation
</TABLE>

      NOTE1: Satellite Control Equipment Delivered Duty Unpaid (DDU) (as defined
             in  Incoterms  1990)  United  States or Australia to the site to be
             specified  by  Customer.  Hughes  shall be  obligated to insure the
             transportation of the Satellite Control Equipment. .

*Delivery  Date such that  Customer  can begin  service  (defined as the time of
completion  by Hughes of in-orbit  testing of the  Satellite and Delivery of the
Preliminary In-Orbit Acceptance Report in accordance with Exhibit D (Test Plan))
by December 31, 1998.

** Includes two (2) satellite software simulators specified in Exhibit E (Ground
Segment).

3.2   Delivery of items listed in Paragraph 3.1 shall be deemed to have occurred
      upon  arrival  of the item in  conformance  with the  requirements  of the
      Contract at the place of delivery or upon completion of the service as the
      case may be.

3.3   Packing  and  shipping  will  be  in  accordance  with  Hughes'   standard
      commercial practice.

                                      -17-

<PAGE>


ARTICLE 4. CONTRACT PRICE, INVOICING, PAYMENT AND ADJUSTMENTS

4.1   All  charges  for the Work are set  forth in this  Article  4,  Article  5
      (Satellite  Performance  Incentive  Payments),  Article 6 (Launch  Vehicle
      Delays)  and,  if any  option is  ordered,  Article 33  (Options)  as such
      articles  may be amended  pursuant to Article 22 (Changes)  and  Paragraph
      35.5  (Amendments).  Customer  shall not be  required  to pay  Hughes  any
      amounts  for the Work in addition  to those  payable to Hughes  under this
      Article 4,  Article 5,  Article 6,  Article 22,  Article 33 and  Paragraph
      35.5.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

<S>                                                                             <C>
4.2   The  Contract  Price is Two  Hundred  Eight  Million  U.S.  dollars  (U.S.
      $208,000,000).  The Contract Price shall include those items, services and
      incentives  set forth  below in  Table 4.2.  The  Contract  Price does not
      include payment of [    ] annual  operating costs (or those of a similarly*
      situated  third-party TT&C operator).  The Contract Price does not include
      Launch  Insurance.  Customer  shall  pay  to  Hughes  the  Contract  Price
      (excluding the Initial Incentive Amount and the Paid-Over-Time  Incentive)
      in  accordance  with the  terms  set  forth  in the  payment  schedule  of
      Exhibit F  (Payment Plan) and shall pay the Initial  Incentive  Amount and
      the  Paid-Over-Time  Incentive  in  accordance  with  Article 5. Line item
      prices are set forth below in Table 4.2.




                                    Table 4.2
                                 Contract Price


          Items and Services                                    U.S.$ (millions)
          ------------------                                    ----------------

        1  Orion 3 Satellite............................................... [  ]
        2  Launch and Mission Operations (LEOP)............................ [  ]
        3  Launch Services (Delta III)..................................... [  ]
        4  Ground Segment.................................................. [  ]*
        5  Training........................................................ [  ]
        6  Contract Deliverable Data and Documentation..................... [  ]
        7  Initial Incentive Amount........................................ [  ]
        8  Paid-Over-Time Incentive........................................ [  ]

           *Included in 1 and 4 above 

           Contract Price Total...........................................  208 
</TABLE>


                                      -18-                                     
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>


<S>                                                                             <C>
4.4   The [                                         ] paid by Customer to Hughes*
      pursuant to the ATP shall be credited as the first Progress Payment of the
      Contract Price.
</TABLE>

4.5   Hughes  shall,  with  respect to each  Progress  Payment  (except  the ATP
      Payment  and the Initial  Payment),  provide  Customer  with an invoice at
      least ten (10) days but no more than  forty-five  (45) days in  advance of
      the date when such  payment is scheduled to be made by Customer to Hughes.
      Failure by Hughes to provide an  invoice  for any given  Progress  Payment
      will not excuse Customer's  payment obligation or change the due date with
      respect to such payment.

4.6   Hughes'  rights to terminate the Contract for  Customer's  failure to make
      timely payment of any Progress Payment are set forth in Paragraph 17.3.A.

4.7   Promptly  after  Hughes'  receipt  of the  Balloon  Payment  and for  each
      Progress  Payment due  thereafter,  Hughes shall certify prior to Customer
      having to make such payment (except the Balloon Payment) that Hughes is on
      schedule  to  Deliver  the  Satellite  in  accordance  with  the  Delivery
      Schedule. Such certification shall be in the form attached hereto as Annex
      A.

4.8   Subject to Subparagraphs (A) and (B) below, Customer shall pay Hughes each
      Progress  Payment  on or before the date  specified  in Exhibit F (Payment
      Plan);  provided,  however,  where the specified  date causes a payment to
      become due on a  non-Business  Day,  such payment shall be due on the next
      Business Day.

      A.    If Hughes makes the  certification  required by Paragraph  4.7 as to
            any  Progress  Payment  due after the Balloon  Payment but  Customer
            disputes it, Customer shall pay such Progress Payment into an escrow
            account in accordance with Paragraph 4.9 and the disposition of such
            escrowed  amount  shall be governed  by  Paragraph  4.9.  During the
            period  any  Progress  Payment is held in  escrow,  Hughes  shall be
            obligated to continue performance, but Hughes shall not be obligated
            to proceed to Intentional Ignition until the dispute is resolved and
            any amounts  ultimately  determined to be due Hughes are released to
            Hughes from escrow.

                                      -19-
<PAGE>




      B.    If Hughes cannot make the certification required by Paragraph 4.7 as
            to any  Progress  Payment  due after the Balloon  Payment,  Customer
            shall be entitled to  withhold  from such  payment the amount of One
            Million  U.S.  Dollars  (U.S.  $1,000,000)  for each  month (up to a
            maximum  of  six  (6)  months  or Six  Million  U.S.  Dollars  (U.S.
            $6,000,000))  of delay (as  certified by Hughes) with respect to the
            delivery of the  Satellite,  such payments to be repaid to Hughes to
            the extent Hughes subsequently  certifies a reduced (or no) delay in
            delivery of the Satellite. Under this subparagraph (B), Hughes shall
            not be  obligated  to proceed  to  Intentional  Ignition  unless all
            required Progress Payments (less any applicable  liquidated damages)
            are current.

4.9   No dispute  with  respect to the payment of any amount  under the Contract
      shall  relieve  the  disputing  Party of its  obligation  to pay all other
      amounts due and owing under the  Contract.  All disputed  amounts,  unless
      otherwise   specified   in  the   Contract,   shall   be   paid   into  an
      interest-bearing  escrow account (to be specified in writing by Hughes) on
      or before the applicable due date. After the dispute is settled, the Party
      entitled to the amount in escrow shall  receive such amount  together with
      all  interest  thereon  and the other  Party  shall pay all costs and fees
      associated with such escrow.  In no event shall any Progress Payment prior
      to or including the Balloon  Payment be paid into escrow.  Customer's duty
      to make all  Progress  Payments up to and  including  the Balloon  Payment
      directly and timely to Hughes is not altered in any way by  Paragraph  4.8
      or this  Paragraph  4.9.  Under this  Paragraph  4.9,  Hughes shall not be
      obligated to proceed to Intentional  Ignition unless all required Progress
      Payments have been released to Hughes from escrow.

4.10  If Intentional  Ignition  occurs,  but the Satellite is not a Successfully
      Launched  Satellite,  any  remaining  payments  shall be payable to Hughes
      within thirty (30) days after, and to the extent of, Customer's receipt of
      applicable  proceeds  from Launch  Insurance (as such proceeds are paid to
      Customer,  whether in one  payment  or in  multiple  payments);  provided,
      however,  the Initial Incentive Amount and the  Paid-Over-Time  Incentives
      shall be payable to Hughes in accordance with Paragraph 5.4.

                                      -20-

    

<PAGE>



4.11  Amounts  payable to either Party shall be remitted by wire transfer to the
      following bank accounts, as applicable:

      In the case of Customer:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

<S>                                                                             <C>
      NationsBank
      Rockville, Maryland
      [              ]                                                          *
      [                 ]

      In the case of Hughes:
      Bank of America
      Concord, California
      [                  ]                                                      *
</TABLE>

      Any  payment  shall be deemed to have been made when credit for the amount
      is established in the above bank accounts, as applicable. Each Party shall
      notify  the  other in  writing  within  ten (10)  Days of a change  to its
      respective bank accounts.

4.12  The Parties  acknowledge  and agree  that,  with  respect to any  Progress
      Payment due prior to, and  including,  the Balloon  Payment,  Hughes would
      suffer  extreme  prejudice  as the result of any  delayed  receipt of such
      payments  and the rapid  decrease,  over  time,  of the value of the Work.
      Accordingly,  the Parties agree that time is of the essence in the receipt
      by Hughes of Progress  Payments up to and including  the Balloon  Payment,
      and,  subject to Article 17.3,  Hughes may, upon a default in such payment
      by Customer, immediately and without prior notice to Customer exercise all
      its rights and remedies under the Contract.

4.13  Subject to Paragraph  17.3,  up to and  including the date on which Hughes
      receives the Balloon Payment, the following shall apply:

      A.    Hughes' right to timely  payments  under the Contract is independent
            of any obligations Hughes may have to Customer; and


                                      -21-                                    

                                       
<PAGE>
      B.    Unless or until the Contract is terminated,  Customer shall make all
            payments  required  by the  Contract  to  Hughes  on a timely  basis
            regardless  of  whether  Hughes  shall  then  be in  breach  of  its
            obligations under the Contract; and

      C.    If Hughes breaches the Contract, Customer shall retain all rights to
            terminate  the Contract due to Hughes'  breach  and/or sue to obtain
            recovery of appropriate  damages for the breach,  but Customer shall
            not be entitled to delay or  withhold  timely  payments to Hughes on
            account of Hughes'  breach if Customer  did not also  terminate  the
            Contract.

4.14  With respect to Progress Payments up to and including the Balloon Payment,
      Hughes may suspend performance if Customer does not make any such Progress
      Payment on or before the due date for such Progress Payment.

4.15  No payment made by Customer prior to the Balloon  Payment shall be for the
      Delta III launch  vehicle.  Upon  receipt of the Balloon  Payment,  Hughes
      shall  dedicate  a Delta  III  launch  vehicle  from  its  launch  vehicle
      inventory to Customer for the purpose of launching the  Satellite.  Unless
      and until the Balloon  Payment  shall be received by Hughes,  Hughes shall
      have no duty to identify a Delta III launch  vehicle to Customer under the
      Contract.  Notwithstanding the foregoing,  in recognition of the fact that
      the  probability  of the  Satellite  being  launched on  schedule  will be
      maximized if Customer receives certain information on the Delta III launch
      vehicle  prior to  making  the  Balloon  Payment,  Hughes  shall  use best
      reasonable  efforts to provide  Customer access as described in Paragraphs
      12.1-12.5 and 12.9 to  information  regarding a launch vehicle of the same
      type as the Launch Vehicle.

4.16  Subject to the last  sentence of Paragraph  4.15,  Customer  shall have no
      interest in the Work, or any items  thereof,  unless and until it has made
      the Balloon Payment and all previous Progress  Payments.  Accordingly,  if
      Customer  shall  not make any such  payment  on a timely  basis  (provided
      Hughes has given  Customer at least ten (10) days prior  notice in writing
      of the payment due date) for any reason,  including Customer's  insolvency
      or 

                                      -22-


<PAGE>



      status as a debtor in bankruptcy, then Hughes shall have the right to stop
      Work immediately and to sell the Work, or items thereof, to another Person
      without notice to Customer. If Hughes decides not to sell the Work, Hughes
      shall be entitled to retain possession of the Work, and all items thereof,
      until  all  payments  current  or past due under  the  Contract  have been
      received in immediately available funds. .

4.17  The Parties agree that,  to the extent  permitted by law,  Customer  shall
      have no right,  title or interest in the Work prior to Hughes'  receipt of
      the Balloon Payment.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, until Hughes' receipt
      of the Balloon  Payment,  Customer  hereby grants Hughes a first  priority
      security interest in any right,  title or interest Customer may have or be
      deemed  to have in the Work to  secure  Customer's  obligations  to Hughes
      under  the  Contract.  Hughes  shall  have the  right to  include  in such
      financing  statements public notice  reasonably  acceptable to Customer of
      Customer's agreements in Paragraph 15.12 of the Contract. Hughes agrees to
      terminate such security  interest and terminate  such financing  statement
      concurrently with payment of the Balloon Payment.

4.18  All payments made by Customer to Hughes prior to and including the Balloon
      Payment, shall be deemed fully earned by Hughes upon receipt. Any payments
      due  after  the  Balloon  Payment  paid into  escrow  in  accordance  with
      Paragraph  4.8.A and  Paragraph 4.9 shall be deemed fully earned by Hughes
      (i) at the time the  dispute is  resolved  and (ii) to the extent any such
      escrowed amounts are ultimately determined to be due Hughes, regardless of
      whether such amounts have been released to Hughes from escrow.

4.19  Hughes  shall not be required to proceed to  Intentional  Ignition  unless
      Customer is current with all Progress Payments due under the Contract.


                                      -23-

<PAGE>





ARTICLE 5. SATELLITE PERFORMANCE INCENTIVE PAYMENTS

5.1   In the event the Satellite is a  Successfully  Launched  Satellite,  then,
      upon Final Acceptance,  the Initial Incentive Amount shall be paid to, and
      earned or  refunded  by,  Hughes in the manner and to the extent  provided
      hereunder:
<TABLE>


      A.    The Initial  Incentive  Amount  shall be allocated to the C-Band and
            Ku-Band 1 

            Repeaters as follows:

<S>                                                                             <C>
            C-Band Repeater [             ]       [             ]               *

            Ku-Band 1 Repeater [             ]    [             ]               *

      B.    For the C-Band and Ku-Band 1 Repeaters, respectively, the portion of
            the  Initial  Incentive  Amount to be paid  shall be  determined  in
            accordance with the following formula:

            Repeater Initial Incentive Amount  x      APTL          
                                                  -------------
                                                   Maximum APTL

            where the maximum  Aggregate  Predicted  Transponder Life (APTL) for
            the C-Band Repeater is 150 years [                                 ]*
            [    ] and for the Ku-Band 1 Repeater is 375 years [               ]*
            [                     ]  Two examples  illustrating how to determine*
            that part of the Initial Incentive Amount due after Final Acceptance
            follow:



            (1) If  the  C-Band   Repeater  and  Ku-Band  1  Repeater  at  Final
                Acceptance  are  determined  to have  APTLs of [               ]*
                [   ],  respectively,  then  Customer  shall be obligated to pay
                Hughes [                                                       ]*
                [         ] and [                                              ]*
                [               ], respectively.

            (2) If the C-Band  Repeater and Ku-Band 1 Repeater are determined at
                Final  Acceptance  to have  APTLs of [                  ] years,*
                respectively, then 
</TABLE>

                                      -24-                                     


<PAGE>

<TABLE>

<S>                                                                             <C>
                Customer  shall be  obligated  to pay Hughes [                 ]*
                [                                                              ]*
                and [                                                          ]*
                [             ]                                                 *
</TABLE>

      C.    Hughes  shall earn and be  entitled  to retain a  percentage  of the
            Initial  Incentive  Amount for each Day of the Operational  Lifetime
            according to the number of Successfully  Operating Transponders that
            the Satellite has during such day, as described  below. In the event
            that it is determined for any Day of the Operational Lifetime of the
            Satellite  that  a  Transponder  is  not  a  Successfully  Operating
            Transponder,   Customer  shall   promptly   notify  Hughes  of  said
            discovery.  Upon  concurrence  by  Hughes  ( or in  the  event  of a
            dispute,  resolution  of the dispute in  Customer's  favor) that the
            Transponder  is not a  Successfully  Operating  Transponder,  Hughes
            shall  refund  to  Orion  for  each  Day  of  the  remainder  of the
            Operational   Lifetime  the  appropriate   portion  of  the  Initial
            Incentive Amount paid to Hughes, such portion calculated  consistent
            with examples (1) and (2) set forth below.

            (1) Example (1): If at Final Acceptance the APTLs for the C-Band and
                Ku-Band 1 Repeaters are maximum,  then for each Transponder that
                is  not  a  Successfully   Operating   Transponder   during  the
                Operational  Lifetime,  Hughes shall pay to Customer a refund as
                set forth below:

                                      -25-                                     
<PAGE>

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

                                 Table 5.1.C(1)
                          Satellite Performance Refund

            C-band Repeater                        Ku-band 1 Repeater

                            Performance Payment                                 Performance Payment
  No. of Successfully       Refund Daily Amount     No. of Successfully         Refund Daily Amount
Transponders Operating        Per Transponder      Operating Transponders         per Transponder            
- ----------------------        ---------------      ----------------------         ---------------            
                                                                                  
<S>                              <C>                      <C>                         <C>                    <C>
          [ ]                     [     ]                    [ ]                      [     ]
          [ ]                     [     ]                    [ ]                      [     ]
          [ ]                     [     ]                    [ ]                      [     ]
          [ ]                     [     ]                    [ ]                      [     ]
          [ ]                     [     ]                    [ ]                      [     ]
        [     ]                   [     ]                    [ ]                      [     ]
                                                             [ ]                      [     ]                *
                                                             [ ]                      [     ]
                                                             [ ]                      [     ]
                                                             [ ]                      [     ]
                                                             [ ]                      [     ]
                                                             [ ]                      [     ]
                                                          [       ]                   [     ]

</TABLE>

<TABLE>

<S>                                                                             <C>
            (2) Example  (2):  The  C-Band and  Ku-Band 1  Repeater  performance
                refund  tables shown above in Table  5.1.C(1) are based upon the
                APTL for both  repeaters  being at maximum at Final  Acceptance.
                Where the APTL for either or both  repeaters  is below  maximum,
                the respective  refund tables will be  proportionately  modified
                based upon the percentage of the Initial  Incentive  Amount paid
                by Customer to Hughes at Final  Acceptance.  For example,  if at
                Final   Acceptance  the  C-Band  Repeater  has  only  [        ]*
                Successfully  Operating  Transponders and the Ku-Band 1 Repeater
                has only [         ] Successfully Operating  Transponders,  each*
                with a PTL of [                 ],  then the APTL for the C-Band*
                Repeater  equals [                      ] years and the APTL for*
                the Ku-band  repeater equals three hundred (300) years,  and [ ]*
                [                  ]  
</TABLE>

                                      -26-                                     

    
<PAGE>
<TABLE>

<S>                                                                             <C>
                [                                        ]  and [              ]*
                [                                                       ]  shall*
                have been paid at Final  Acceptance for the C-Band and Ku-Band 1
                Repeaters,  respectively.  In addition,  for each Day during the
                Operational  Lifetime  there are  fewer  than  [       ]  and/or*
                [         ]  Successfully  Operating  Transponders in the C-Band*
                and Ku-Band 1 Repeaters, respectively, then for each Transponder
                less than [       ] and/or  [         ]  Successfully  Operating*
                Transponders   in  the   C-Band   and   Ku-Band   1   Repeaters,
                respectively,  the  daily  refund  amount  will be  recalculated
                against U.S. [           ] and U.S. [           ], respectively,*
                down to a full  repayment of the U.S. [           ] for [      ]*
                or fewer Transponders and U.S [           ] for [           ] or*
                fewer  Transponders,   respectively,   in  accordance  with  the
                following table:

</TABLE>

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>


                                 Table 5.1C(2)
                          Satellite Performance Refund


       C-Band Repeater                               Ku-Band 1 Repeater


                                Performance Payment                                       Performance Payment
  No. of Successfully           Refund Daily Amount          No. of Successfully          Refund Daily Amount
Operating Transponders            Per Transponder          Operating Transponders           per Transponder
- ----------------------            ---------------          ----------------------           ---------------
                                                                                          
<S>                                   <C>                         <C>                         <C>                  <C>
           []                         [     ]                        [ ]                        [     ]
           []                         [     ]                        [ ]                        [     ]
           []                         [     ]                        [ ]                        [     ]
       [        ]                     [     ]                        [ ]                        [     ]            *
                                                                     [ ]                        [     ]
                                                                     [ ]                        [     ]
                                                                     [ ]                        [     ]
                                                                  [       ]                     [     ]
</TABLE>


5.2   In the event the Satellite is a Successfully Launched Satellite, then, for
      each Day of the  Operational  Lifetime that a Transponder in the Ku-Band 2
      Repeater is a Successfully 


                                      -27-                                     

                                       
<PAGE>

      Operating  Transponder,  Hughes shall earn and be entitled to payment of a
      portion  of the  Paid-Over-Time  Incentive  in  accordance  with Table 5.2
      below:


<TABLE>

                                   Table 5.2
            Paid-Over-Time Incentive Payments for Ku-Band 2 Repeater

                                                Daily Payment Amount
             Number of Successfully               Per Successfully
             Operating Transponders             Operating Transponder
             ----------------------             ---------------------

<S>                                                                             <C>
                  [         ]                       [      ]                    *
                  [         ]                       [      ]


5.3   Hughes shall be entitled to payment of Extended Incentives as follows:

      A.    In the event the Satellite continues to provide service for Customer
            after  expiration  of the  Operational  Lifetime  for which  service
            Customer  receives  customary   commercial  revenues   substantially
            equivalent to those that Customer would  customarily  receive if the
            Satellite were a normally  operating  satellite,  Customer agrees to
            pay to Hughes certain  amounts as specified  below in  subparagraphs
            (B) and (C).

      B.    With  respect  to the  C-Band  [                ]  or  Ku-Band 1 [ ]*
            [           ]  Repeaters,  the  amount  to be paid  for  each  Day a*
            Transponder operates after expiration of the Operational Lifetime is
            [                                                                  ]*
            [            ]  (for  C) and  [                                    ]*
            [                                           ]  (for  Ku 1),  up to a*
            maximum of that portion of the Initial  Incentive Amount refunded to
            Customer  for  the  respective   repeaters  during  the  Operational
            Lifetime (but excluding any portion of the Initial  Incentive Amount
            not paid to Hughes at Final Acceptance).

      C.    With respect to the Ku-Band 2 [              ]  Repeater, the amount*
            to be paid for each Day a Transponder  operates after  expiration of
            the  Operational  Lifetime  is [                                   ]*
            [                             ],  up to a                           *
</TABLE>

                                      -28-                                     

    
<PAGE>

            maximum of that portion of the Paid-Over-Time  Incentive not paid by
            Customer to Hughes during the Operational Lifetime.

      D.    In the event the Satellite continues to provide service for Customer
            after  expiration  of the  Operational  Lifetime for which  Customer
            receives  revenues less than those  described  above in subparagraph
            (A),  the  daily  amount to be paid for each  Transponder  operating
            after  expiration of the Operational  Lifetime shall be a percentage
            of the respective  amounts set forth above in subparagraphs  (B) and
            (C), such percentage equal to the percentage of customary commercial
            revenues actually received by Customer.

      E.    Such  extended  incentive  payments  shall  continue  for as long as
            Customer receives customary  commercial revenues on the Satellite or
            until the allowable  maximum  amount  (excluding  any portion of the
            Initial Incentive Amount not paid to Hughes at Final Acceptance) has
            been reached, whichever occurs first.
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                             <C>
5.4   In the event the Satellite is launched but is not a Successfully  Launched
      Satellite,  Hughes  shall  be  entitled  to  (i) payment  of  the  Initial
      Incentive  Amount  within  [         ] Days  after,  and to the extent of,*
      Customer's  receipt of  applicable  proceeds (as such proceeds are paid to
      Customer,  whether as a single  payment  or over  several  payments)  from
      Launch  Insurance and Customer shall not be entitled to receive any refund
      of the Initial Incentive Amount for such Satellite and (ii) payment of the
      Paid-Over-Time  Incentive after and, to the extent of, Customer's  receipt
      of applicable  proceeds from Launch  Insurance,  such amount to be paid in
      equal monthly  installments over the next succeeding [          ] years or*
      earlier at Customer's election.
</TABLE>


5.5   In  the  event  that  a  Transponder  is  not  a  Successfully   Operating
      Transponder  but is  capable  of  partial  operation  and the  Transponder
      continues to be operated by Customer for telecommunications  purposes, the
      Parties shall negotiate an equitable  adjustment of the Initial  Incentive
      Amount refund  (specified in Paragraph 5.1) and  Paid-Over-Time  Incentive
      payments  (specified in Paragraph  5.2),  taking  partial  operation  into
      consideration.
    
                                      -29-                                     


<PAGE>

5.6   Any  assertion  by  Customer  that a  Transponder  is  not a  Successfully
      Operating Transponder shall be accompanied by technical data, reports, and
      analyses,  and Hughes shall be given an opportunity to verify all relevant
      data. Should Hughes disagree with such  determination and present evidence
      to the contrary,  then Customer  shall  consider such evidence and consult
      with Hughes. In the event that the disagreement  cannot be resolved,  then
      it may be disposed of in accordance  with  Article_30  (Applicable Law and
      Dispute Resolution).

5.7   The amounts to be refunded by Hughes under  Paragraph  5.1 and the amounts
      to be paid by Customer under Paragraph 5.2 and 5.3 shall be (i) calculated
      on a daily basis and (ii) invoiced in arrears and paid on a monthly basis.
      Any payment required to be made by one Party to the other Party under this
      Article 5 shall be made within  thirty  (30) Days after the first  Party's
      receipt of an invoice  certifying  the event  giving rise to such  Party's
      liability.

5.8   If a  Satellite  has not been,  or is not  being,  operated  as a Properly
      Operated  Satellite  and such  improper  operation  results in one or more
      Transponders  not meeting the  requirements  of a  Successfully  Operating
      Transponder, or the Operational Lifetime being reduced, Customer (i)_shall
      not be entitled  to receive  refunds of the  Initial  Incentive  Amount in
      accordance  with  Paragraph_5.1,  and  (ii)_shall  be  required to pay the
      Paid-Over-Time Incentive in accordance with Paragraph_5.2, with respect to
      the  Transponders  so affected  (and such affected  Transponders  shall be
      deemed to be Successfully Operating Transponders).

5.9   SUBSEQUENT  TO LAUNCH OR TO A FAILED  LAUNCH,  HUGHES'  LIABILITY  AND THE
      RIGHTS  AND  REMEDIES  OF  CUSTOMER  UNDER THIS  ARTICLE 5 AND  ARTICLE 17
      (TERMINATION)  AND ARTICLE 30 (APPLICABLE LAW AND DISPUTE  RESOLUTION) ARE
      IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER  RIGHTS AND  REMEDIES  FOR A SATELLITE  THAT IS NOT A
      SUCCESSFULLY   OPERATING   SATELLITE  OR  A  TRANSPONDER  THAT  IS  NOT  A
      SUCCESSFULLY  OPERATING  TRANSPONDER  WHETHER SUCH 
    
                                      -30-


<PAGE>

      LIABILITY,  RIGHTS AND REMEDIES  ARISE UNDER  CONTRACT,  TORT OR STATUTORY
      WARRANTIES.







                                      -31-





    
<PAGE>


ARTICLE 6. LAUNCH VEHICLE DELAYS

6.1   In the event of postponement or delay of a Launch prior to shipment of the
      Satellite,  which  postponement or delay exceeds thirty (30) Days from the
      originally  scheduled  Launch Date (to be scheduled by the Parties  during
      the  Contract to occur no later than  November  30, 1998 absent  Excusable
      Delay)  and which  delay is not  caused  by  Hughes or its  Subcontractors
      (except the Launch  Provider)  or  Affiliates,  the price  included in the
      Contract  Price for Launch and  Mission  Operations  services  provided by
      Hughes (Table 4.2) shall be increased to reflect the cumulative  increase,
      if any, in the Consumer  Price Index for All Urban  Consumers,  All Cities
      Average, All Items, 1982-1984 ("CPI-U") published monthly by the Bureau of
      Labor  Statistics  or a  successor  agency  of the U.S.  Government.  Such
      cumulative  increase in the CPI-U shall be  determined  by  computing  the
      percentage  change in the CPI-U between November 1998 and the month actual
      delivery of the Launch and Mission Operations services  commences,  but in
      no case shall such cumulative  increase be less than an annualized rate of
      three percent (3%). If the Bureau of Labor  Statistics  redefines the base
      year, the Parties will adjust their  calculations  by using an appropriate
      conversion formula.

      In addition,  Customer  shall be responsible  for any and all  incremental
      expenses  actually  and  reasonably  incurred by Hughes  (and  invoiced to
      Customer in reasonable detail) and a profit of twelve and one half percent
      (12.5%) on such incremental  expenses  resulting from such postponement or
      delay.  Such  incremental  expenses may include,  as  appropriate  for the
      period of delay,  launch  crew  standby  time,  extra  launch  crew travel
      expenses,  transportation expenses for equipment, expenses associated with
      maintaining launch support capabilities, stretch-out program expenses, and
      storage expenses.

6.2   The  Contract  Price stated in  Paragraph_4.2  is based on a launch on the
      Delta III Launch Vehicle.

6.3   If failure to launch a Satellite on the originally  scheduled  Launch Date
      is due to anything other than the fault of Hughes or its Subcontractors or
      Affiliates, then

                                      -32-


<PAGE>

      A.    Customer  shall make the  necessary  arrangements  for, and bear the
            costs of,  storage  of the  Satellite  until such  Satellite  can be
            launched.  Hughes shall cooperate in assisting  Customer to make the
            necessary  storage  arrangements  in a U.S.  storage  facility which
            conforms to Hughes'  standards  for  ensuring  the  integrity of the
            Satellite.

      B.    Except as provided in the second  sentence of Paragraph 6.3.A above,
            Customer shall reimburse Hughes for its extra expenses  actually and
            reasonably  incurred (and invoiced to Customer in reasonable detail)
            as a result  thereof  plus a profit of twelve  and one half  percent
            (12.5%) on such  expenses,  and the Contract  Price shall be revised
            accordingly;  and an  amendment  to  the  Contract  reflecting  such
            adjustments shall be entered into in accordance with Paragraph 35.5.





                                      -33-



<PAGE>





ARTICLE 7. PERMITS AND LICENSES;  GOVERNMENT APPROVALS

7.1   Hughes  shall,  at its own expense,  obtain all United  States  Government
      approvals,  permits and licenses as may be required for the performance of
      the Work under the  Contract.  Hughes shall perform the Work in accordance
      with all applicable laws, government rules,  regulations and ordinances of
      the United States  Government  and the  conditions of all such  applicable
      United States Government permits and licenses.

7.2   Hughes shall  review with  Customer  any  application  Hughes makes to any
      government  department,   agency,  or  entity  for  any  permit,  license,
      agreement or approvals,  as may be required for  performance  of the Work,
      prior to the submission of such application. Hughes shall provide Customer
      a minimum of three (3) Business Days to review such  application  prior to
      submission  to such  governmental  entity and  Hughes  shall in good faith
      consider  any  comments  and  proposed  revisions  made  by  Customer  for
      incorporation into such application.

7.3   Notwithstanding  this or any other  Article in the  Contract,  the Parties
      understand  and agree that  certain  restrictions  are placed on access to
      Hughes' plant and the use of Technical Data and  Information  and hardware
      delivered  under the Contract with relation to the approvals,  permits and
      licenses Hughes must obtain from the United States Government.

      As a result, and if applicable, the Parties agree that such access and the
      actual delivery of any Technical Data and Information will be at all times
      subject to United States  Government  approval.  Hughes shall prepare said
      agreement and in  consultation  with Customer  shall request United States
      Government approval.

7.4   The documentation and hardware  ("products")  furnished under the Contract
      will  be  authorized  by the  United  States  Government  for  export  for
      Customer's  ground  station in Australia.  The products may not be resold,
      diverted, transferred, trans-shipped or otherwise disposed of in any other
      country or in any other  manner,  either in their  original  form or after
      being  incorporated  through an intermediate  process into other end items
      without the prior written approval of the United States Government,  which
      approvals  are  


                                      -34-


<PAGE>

      the  sole   responsibility   of   Customer.   Additionally,   transferring
      registration  or control  to any other  person or  business  entity of the
      products  furnished under the Contract is considered an export and as such
      also requires  prior written  approval from the United States  Government,
      which  approvals  are  the  sole  responsibility  of  Customer.   Customer
      represents  and warrants  that the ultimate end use of the products is for
      telecommunications services.

7.5   Customer is responsible  for obtaining,  as may be required for performing
      the Work, all non-United States Government approvals, licenses and permits
      (exclusive  of those  required by Hughes'  suppliers  or  Subcontractors),
      including  those which may be  required  for Hughes to perform the Work in
      compliance  with the laws of any  country  in  which a ground  station  is
      established.  Hughes  agrees to  cooperate  with  Customer  in  Customer's
      efforts to obtain all required non-United States Government approvals.

7.6   Hughes shall not be  responsible  for any failure to obtain any  licenses,
      approvals or consents of any governmental authority, which failure results
      from Customer's inability to demonstrate Customer's financial viability or
      meet other financial requirements.




                                      -35-


<PAGE>




ARTICLE 8. PRE-SHIP REVIEW, LAUNCH READINESS REVIEW, IN-ORBIT
           TESTING AND FINAL ACCEPTANCE

8.1   Preliminary  inspections  of all Work  (including  the  deliverable  items
      listed  in  Paragraph  3.1)  may be made  by  Customer  or its  designated
      representative at Hughes' or a Subcontractor's plant. All such inspections
      shall be made in the  presence  of a  representative  of Hughes.  Customer
      shall  inform  Hughes in  writing of those  particulars  in which the Work
      performed  under  the  Contract  does  not meet  the  requirements  of the
      Contract,  and Hughes shall use its best reasonable efforts to remedy such
      defects.

8.2   Final  Acceptance of the Satellite shall arise upon successful  completion
      of in-orbit  testing in accordance with the  requirements of the Contract,
      following  arrival of the Satellite at the Specified Orbital Location or a
      Storage Orbit location designated by Customer, delivery to Customer of the
      certificate  of  completion   (accompanied  by  the  Preliminary  In-Orbit
      Acceptance  Report) and  configuration  of the  Satellite for hand-over to
      Customer.

8.3   Prior to the shipment of the  Satellite,  Hughes shall  conduct a Pre-Ship
      Review in accordance  with the Test Plan at Hughes's  plant.  The Pre-Ship
      Review  shall  consist  of  reviewing  Satellite  ground  test  results in
      accordance with the Test Plan. Hughes shall provide ORION at least fifteen
      (15) days  advance  notice of the  Pre-Ship  Review.  ORION shall have the
      right to witness such review and the right to either  concur or not concur
      that the Spacecraft  meets the  requirements  of the Contract and is ready
      for shipment.

      A.    The Pre-Ship Review shall verify that:

            (1) The Satellite  ground  testing has been  completed in accordance
                with the requirements of the Contract;

            (2) Except as provided in (3) below,  all material  discrepancies or
                non-conformances  affecting  the  capability of the Satellite to
                perform its on-orbit mission throughout its Operational Lifetime
                have been corrected;



                                      -36-


<PAGE>
            (3) It is the  intent  of the  Parties  that  all  work  that can be
                accomplished  at  Hughes'  plant  will  be  completed  prior  to
                shipment to the Launch Site. Notwithstanding that intent, Hughes
                may, with regard to certain limited  non-conformances,  conclude
                that such  non-conformances  can be  effectively  remedied after
                shipment,  in which case Hughes  may,  after  consultation  with
                Customer, ship the Satellite to the Designated Launch Site.

            (4) The  Satellite,   ground  support  equipment  for  handling  the
                Satellite   in   preparation   for   launch,    and   supporting
                documentation  as specified in Exhibit A (Statement of Work) and
                Exhibit  B  (Satellite  Technical  Specification)  are ready for
                shipment based on an inspection of the Satellite and such ground
                support equipment and an examination of the data package.

      B.    Successful  completion  of the Pre-Ship  Review shall arise upon the
            occurrence of any of the following:

            (1) The Pre-Ship Review complies in all respects with the provisions
                of  Paragraph  8.3.A,  and  Customer   notifies  Hughes  of  its
                acceptance of the Pre-Ship  Review within five (5) Business Days
                following completion. Failure of Customer to provide Hughes with
                a notice of  either  acceptance  or  rejection  within  five (5)
                Business   Days  shall  be  deemed  to   constitute   successful
                completion of said review; or

            (2) The  Pre-Ship  Review  complies in all respects  with  Paragraph
                8.3.A  save  for  minor  non-conformances  that  have  not  been
                corrected  but which  Hughes  demonstrates  to  Customer  at the
                review  have  no  adverse  effect  upon  the  capability  of the
                Satellite  to  perform  its  on-orbit  mission   throughout  its
                Operational  Lifetime,  and  Customer  notifies  Hughes  of  its
                acceptance of the Pre-Ship  Review within five (5) Business Days
                following completion. Failure of Customer to provide Hughes with
                a notice of  either 


                                      -37-

   
<PAGE>


                acceptance  or rejection  within five (5) Business Days shall be
                deemed to constitute successful completion of said review; or

            (3) If the Pre-Ship  Review reveals  non-conformances  which require
                correction,  within five (5)  Business  Days after such  review,
                Customer shall request  correction of non-conforming  conditions
                affecting  the  Satellite  in  writing.  Hughes  shall,  at  its
                expense, promptly correct the non-conforming conditions referred
                to therein and, promptly following such correction, shall notify
                Customer that the corrections  have taken place and shall invite
                Customer  to send  representatives  to attend an  inspection  at
                which they will be entitled to verify that such corrections have
                been  satisfactorily  made. The provisions of this Paragraph 8.3
                shall  thereafter  apply similarly to that inspection as if that
                inspection was the original Pre-Ship Review.

      C.    Upon  successful  completion of the Pre-Ship  Review,  the Satellite
            shall be deemed to be Available for Shipment.

8.4   Prior to  integration  of the  Satellite  with the  Launch  Vehicle at the
      Designated  Launch Site, a Launch  Readiness Review (LRR) shall be jointly
      conducted  by Hughes and  Customer.  Hughes shall give  Customer  five (5)
      Business  Days  written  notice of the LRR.  The  purpose of the LRR is to
      confirm that the Satellite is ready for Launch. Prior to Hughes proceeding
      to  integrate  the  Satellite  with the  Launch  Vehicle,  any  defects or
      non-conformances  in the  Satellite or other  equipment as may remain from
      the Pre-Ship  Review,  or resulting from shipment or otherwise  discovered
      during  Satellite  launch  preparations,  shall  have  been  corrected  or
      dispositioned.  Upon successful completion of the LRR, the Satellite shall
      be  released  by  Customer  for  Launch  Vehicle  integration.  Successful
      completion  of the LRR  shall  arise  upon  the  occurrence  of any of the
      following:

      A.    The LRR demonstrates  compliance in all respects with the provisions
            of Paragraph 8.3, and Customer  notifies Hughes of its acceptance of
            the LRR at the LRR.  Failure of  Customer  to provide  Hughes with a
            notice of either  acceptance or 


                                      -38-

<PAGE>


            rejection  at the LRR  shall  be  deemed  to  constitute  successful
            completion of said review; or

      B.    The LRR  demonstrates  compliance  with Paragraph 8.3 save for minor
            non-conformances   that  have  not  been   corrected   which  Hughes
            demonstrates  at the review to Customer have no adverse  effect upon
            the  capability  of the  Satellite to perform its  on-orbit  mission
            throughout its Operational Lifetime, and Customer notifies Hughes of
            its acceptance of the LRR at the LRR. Failure of Customer to provide
            Hughes with a notice of either  acceptance  or  rejection at the LRR
            shall be deemed to constitute  successful completion of said review;
            or

      C.    If  the  LRR  reveals  non-conformances  or  defects  which  require
            correction,   at  the  LRR  Customer  shall  request  correction  of
            non-conforming   conditions  affecting  the  Satellite  in  writing.
            Failure  of  Customer  to  provide  Hughes  with a notice  of either
            acceptance  or  rejection  at the LRR shall be deemed to  constitute
            successful  completion of such review. Hughes shall, at its expense,
            correct such  non-conforming  conditions and defects and,  following
            such  correction,  shall notify Customer that the  corrections  have
            taken place and invite Customer to send representatives to attend an
            inspection to verify that such corrections have been  satisfactorily
            made.  Customer  shall notify Hughes of its acceptance of the LRR at
            the LRR.  Failure of  Customer  to provide  Hughes  with a notice of
            either  acceptance  or  rejection  at the LRR  shall  be  deemed  to
            constitute successful completion of such review. In the event of any
            disagreement  between  Customer and Hughes  relating to the LRR, the
            Senior Executive Level representatives of the Parties shall use best
            reasonable efforts to promptly resolve such dispute.

8.5   After  Launch  and  either  during  drift  orbit  or upon  arrival  of the
      Satellite at the Specified  Orbital Location (or a Storage Orbit specified
      by Customer,  as the case may be) Hughes shall commence  in-orbit testing,
      in consultation with Customer,  in accordance with the requirements of the
      Contract.  Hughes shall, at its expense,  seek to remedy,  in consultation
      with  Customer  and  in  accordance  with  standard   satellite   industry
      procedures,  

                                      -39-



<PAGE>



      any  anomalous  conditions  that may become  apparent  as a result of such
      testing,  and shall  retest as  necessary  subsequent  to taking  remedial
      action (if any).  Notwithstanding an anomalous condition or failure of the
      Satellite  or  any  Transponder  to  meet  the  specifications  and  other
      requirements  set forth in  Exhibits A and B (which  failure  the  Parties
      intend to address  through the  provisions  of the  Contract  dealing with
      Launch  Insurance  and  Performance   Incentives   payments),   successful
      completion  of in-orbit  testing  shall be deemed to have occurred on _the
      date in-orbit  testing is completed in accordance with the requirements of
      the Contract,  the Satellite is configured for hand-over to Customer,  and
      the certificate of completion  (accompanied  by the  Preliminary  In-Orbit
      Acceptance Report) is Delivered to Customer.

8.6   Prior to shipment of the Satellite Control Equipment to the sites selected
      by Customer,  Hughes shall conduct a Pre-Ship  Review at the Hughes plant.
      The Pre-Ship  Review shall be conducted in accordance  with the Test Plan.
      Hughes shall provide  Customer at least fifteen (15) Business Days advance
      notice of the Pre-Ship  Review.  Customer  shall have the right to witness
      such  review  and the  right  to  either  concur  or not  concur  that the
      Satellite  Control Equipment meets the requirements of the Contract and is
      ready for shipment.

      A.    Customer shall direct Hughes to ship the Satellite Control Equipment
            to the selected  site(s) upon successful  completion of the Pre-Ship
            Review. The Pre-Ship Review shall be deemed complete and preliminary
            acceptance occurs when the Parties agree that:

            (1) factory  acceptance  testing in  accordance  with Exhibit E (The
                Ground Segment) is complete;

            (2) all open  actions  have been closed or a closure  plan agreed by
                Customer; and

            (3) all non-conformances have been corrected or waived in writing by
                an  Authorized  Representative  of Customer in  accordance  with
                Paragraph

                                      -40-



<PAGE>


                35.2, except minor non-conformances which Hughes demonstrates to
                Customer  have no  adverse  effect  upon  the  operation  of the
                Satellite Control Equipment in accordance with Exhibit E (Ground
                Segment).

      B.    Customer  shall  not  withhold  its  preliminary  acceptance  of the
            Satellite Control Equipment for minor  non-conformances which Hughes
            demonstrates  to Customer have no adverse  effect upon the operation
            of the  Satellite  Control  Equipment in  accordance  with Exhibit E
            (Ground Segment).

8.7   Final  Acceptance  of the  Satellite  Control  Equipment  shall occur upon
      successful  completion  of  installation  and  checkout  of the  Satellite
      Control  Equipment at its  installation  site, an  acceptance  test of the
      complete  Satellite  Control Equipment system in accordance with Exhibit E
      (Ground  Segment),  and  closure  of all action  items  from the  Pre-Ship
      Review;  provided,  however,  if  there  is a delay  in  installation  and
      checkout  due  to   unavailability  of  hardware  or  facilities  not  the
      responsibility  of Hughes,  and in  particular  if the  beneficial  access
      obligations set forth in Article 29 (Customer's  Responsibilities) are not
      met by  Customer,  then  there  shall be a day for day  adjustment  to the
      Delivery Date for the Satellite  Control  Equipment and Customer  shall be
      responsible  for any expenses  actually and reasonably  incurred by Hughes
      (and invoiced to Customer in reasonable  detail)  directly  related to the
      delay.

8.8   Final  Acceptance of Contract  Deliverable  Data and  Documentation  shall
      occur only when the Contract  Deliverable Data and Documentation have been
      delivered at the place referenced in Table 3.1 of Article 3 in a condition
      fully conforming to the provisions of the Contract.  Contract  Deliverable
      Data  and  Documentation  shall  be  deemed  to  be in a  condition  fully
      conforming to the provisions of the Contract  unless  rejected by Customer
      in  writing  within  fifteen  (15)  Business  Days  after  receipt of said
      Contract Deliverable Data and Documentation by Customer.  If such Contract
      Deliverable  Data and  Documentation  are  unacceptable,  Customer  shall,
      within the said fifteen (15)  Business  Days,  notify Hughes in writing in
      which respects the Contract  Deliverable  Data and  Documentation  fail to
      conform  to  applicable   requirements  of  the  Contract.   Any  Contract
      Deliverable  Data


                                      -41-
<PAGE>


      and Documentation  that fail to conform to applicable  requirements of the
      Contract with respect to which Customer has so notified  Hughes in writing
      as being  non-conforming,  shall be deemed  under the Contract not to have
      been  Delivered  unless  and  until  the  defects  that  resulted  in such
      rejection  have been  remedied or  demonstrated  not to exist  pursuant to
      verification procedures in accordance with the Contract.

8.9   "Delivery"  shall be deemed to have  occurred  for each  deliverable  item
      under the Contract upon its Final Acceptance by Customer  pursuant to this
      Article 8.





                                      -42-


                                       
<PAGE>




ARTICLE 9. TITLE AND RISK OF LOSS

9.1   Risk of loss or damage to the Satellite to be delivered under the Contract
      shall pass from Hughes to Customer at the time of Intentional  Ignition of
      that Satellite. In the event of Intentional Ignition that fails to lead to
      Launch,  risk of loss shall revert to Hughes at the point in time when the
      Launch  Vehicle's  liquid engine has been safely shut down and Hughes will
      retain  risk of loss  until the next  Intentional  Ignition.  Title to the
      Satellite,  free and clear of all liens and encumbrances,  shall pass from
      Hughes to Customer at Final Acceptance of the Satellite in accordance with
      Article 8.

9.2   Title and risk of loss or damage to the Satellite  Control Equipment shall
      pass from Hughes to Customer at Final Acceptance of the Satellite  Control
      Equipment in accordance with Article 8.

9.3   The Parties agree that, upon Hughes' request,  the Customer shall sign and
      will  permit  Hughes  to file,  for  precautionary  purposes,  appropriate
      Uniform  Commercial  Code  financing  statements  or any similar  document
      having the same  effect in foreign  countries  reflecting  Hughes'  right,
      title,  and  interest  to the SCE  prior  to  transfer  of  title  in such
      deliverable  items  to  the  Customer,   provided  that  Hughes  shall  be
      responsible for preparing such financing  statements and terminating  such
      financing statements upon transfer of title in such items to Customer.


                                      -43-




<PAGE>





ARTICLE 10. EXCUSABLE DELAYS

With respect to Hughes'  performance of its obligations  under the Contract,  an
"Excusable Delay" shall be any delay in the performance of the Work caused by an
event  which  is  beyond  the  control  of  Hughes,   its   Affiliates  and  its
Subcontractors,  and not involving fault or negligence of Hughes, its Affiliates
or its  Subcontractors,  such as, but not  limited  to, any acts of  Government,
including  but not  limited  to the  Governments  of the  United  States and the
country  of any  foreign  ground  station  in  their  contractual  or  sovereign
capacities  (including the refusal,  suspension,  withdrawal,  or non-renewal of
export or import  licenses  essential to the  performance of the Contract);  war
(whether  declared or undeclared),  outbreak of national  hostilities,  or civil
insurrection;  fire;  earthquake;  flood; strike or work slowdown not reasonably
within  the  control  of  Hughes  or  Hughes  Communications,   Inc.;  epidemic;
quarantine  restriction;  freight embargo;  acts of God;  Customer's  failure to
perform its  obligations  as set forth in Article 29, and where such delay could
not have been  avoided by Hughes or its  Subcontractors  through the exercise of
reasonable  foresight or reasonable  precautions  and cannot be  circumvented by
Hughes through the use of reasonable efforts (for example,  alternate sources or
work-around plans); provided written notice is given to Customer promptly (under
the  circumstances)  after Hughes shall have first learned of the possibility of
such an event and provided  further that failure on Hughes' part to provide such
notice shall not prevent  such an event from  qualifying  as an Excusable  Delay
should  Customer  have actual  notice of the event  (e.g.,  an  earthquake  that
receives  nation-wide  publicity).  In addition,  any postponement by the Launch
Provider of Launch of the Satellite shall constitute Excusable Delay (whether or
not such postponement is d whether or not such  postponement  involves any fault
or  negligence  on the  part  of the  Launch  Provider)  subject  to the  notice
provisions set forth in the prior sentence.  Notwithstanding any other provision
of the  Contract,  in the event of such an  Excusable  Delay  there  shall be an
equitable  adjustment to the time for  performance of the affected Work, and the
schedule  of  payments  set forth in  Exhibit F (Payment  Plan) and other  terms
stated in the  Contract  as they are  applicable;  provided,  however,  that the
Parties agree that while it is  impossible  to foresee all of the  contingencies
and circumstances  associated with the types of Excusable Delay set forth above,
ordinarily the  occurrence of an Excusable  Delay shall not entitle Hughes to an
increase  in the  Contract  Price  (unless  such  Excusable  Delay is  caused by


                                      -44-
<PAGE>



postponement  by the  Launch  Provider  of the  launch  of the  Satellite  or by
Customer's  failure to perform  its  obligations  as set forth in Article 29, in
which cases  there may be an  equitable  adjustment  in the  Contract  Price for
incremental costs incurred by Hughes as a result of such Excusable  Delay);  and
provided  further that the occurrence of an Excusable Delay caused by Customer's
failure  to perform  its  obligations  as set forth in  Article  29  (Customer's
Responsibilities) shall not entitle Customer to an adjustment in the schedule of
payments set forth in Exhibit F (Payment Plan).










                                      -45-

<PAGE>


ARTICLE 11. LIQUIDATED DAMAGES FOR LATE DELIVERY
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                             <C>
11.1  In the event the  Satellite is not  Delivered  on or before the  Scheduled
      Delivery Date for the Satellite and such late delivery  prevents  Customer
      from  providing  service for which it has one or more  executed  contracts
      pursuant to which it would earn commercial  revenue,  then,  commencing on
      the first Day following the Scheduled  Delivery Date, and continuing for a
      period  thereafter  not to exceed [                            ] Days (the*
      "Damages  Period"),  the Contract  Price shall be reduced by  [          ]*
      [                                                                        ]*
      [                        ] for each Day during the Damages Period that the*
      Satellite has not been  Delivered;  provided,  however,  that the Contract
      Price reduction specified above will not be applicable with respect to any
      period during which an Excusable  Delay exists or during which the failure
      to Deliver the  Satellite is  attributable  to the  Customer's  failure to
      perform  any  of  its   responsibilities   under  Article  29  (Customer's
      Responsibilities),  or other  provisions  of the Contract (and the Damages
      Period will be extended, as appropriate, to reflect any such period).
</TABLE>

      As used above, the term "Scheduled  Delivery Date for the Satellite" shall
      mean the delivery date  specified for the Satellite in Article 3 (Delivery
      Schedule), as such date shall be extended, as appropriate,  to reflect all
      periods during which an Excusable Delay exists or any similar extension of
      time pursuant to Article 29 (Customer's Responsibilities), or as otherwise
      agreed  by  the  Parties  pursuant  to an  amendment  to the  Contract  in
      accordance with Paragraph 35.5 (Amendments).

11.2  Except as  provided  in  Paragraph  17.2,  the  Contract  Price  reduction
      specified in Paragraph 11.1 shall be the sole remedy available to Customer
      in  the  event  of a  late  Delivery  of  the  Satellite  to be  Delivered
      hereunder, and shall be in lieu of all damages of any kind or any right to
      terminate the Contract for default. The Contract Price reduction specified
      in Paragraph 11.1 shall  constitute  liquidated  damages for any such late
      Delivery (and shall not constitute a penalty),  the Parties  acknowledging
      that such liquidated  damages are believed to represent a genuine estimate
      of the losses that would be  suffered  by reason of

                                      -46-                                     

<PAGE>

      any such delay (which losses would be difficult or impossible to calculate
      with  certainty).  In the event the  Damages  Period has  expired  and the
      Contract  Price  has been  reduced  by the  maximum  amount  specified  in
      Paragraph 11.4,  then, at any time thereafter but prior to actual delivery
      of the  Satellite,  Customer  may  exercise  its  right to  terminate  the
      Contract for Hughes'  default  pursuant to  Paragraph_17.2,  in which case
      Customer's rights and remedies shall be governed by the provisions of that
      Article. Customer shall have no other rights or remedies for late Delivery
      of an item to be Delivered  under the  Contract.  The  liquidated  damages
      specified in  Paragraph_11.1  shall not be applicable to a Satellite which
      is delivered  for  purposes of storage,  unless the  requirement  for such
      storage was caused primarily by Hughes' unexcused delay.

11.3  In the event of a late  Delivery  requiring a reduction in Contract  Price
      pursuant to the foregoing,  the Parties shall, if  appropriate,  equitably
      adjust the payment plan set forth in Exhibit F (Payment Plan).

11.4  The maximum price reduction for late Delivery under the Contract  pursuant
      to  termination  under  Paragraph 17.2 shall never exceed Six Million U.S.
      Dollars (U.S. $6,000,000).




                                      -47-

<PAGE>





ARTICLE 12. ACCESS TO WORK-IN-PROGRESS AND DATA

12.1  Subject  to  Article  7  (Permits  and  Licenses:  Government  Approvals),
      Paragraphs 12.3 and 12.4 below, and Article 21 (Proprietary  Information),
      Hughes shall  provide  Customer  Personnel  reasonable  access to all Work
      (including  work-in-progress  and  observation of tests in accordance with
      the  requirements  of  Exhibit_D   (Acceptance  Test  Plan)),  at  Hughes'
      facilities,  at  reasonable  times  during  the  period  of the  Contract,
      provided that such access does not  unreasonably  interfere with such Work
      and access to Work is coordinated with the Hughes Program Manager or other
      person designated by Hughes for such purpose.  Subject to the restrictions
      set forth above,  Customer  Personnel shall also be afforded access to the
      Subcontractors'  facilities,  to the extent  that Hughes is  permitted  to
      provide such access, and subject to Hughes accompanying Customer Personnel
      on any such visit.

12.2  Work-in-progress,  technical and schedule data and documentation  directly
      related to the  Contract  shall be subject to  reasonable  evaluation  and
      inspection by Customer Personnel, subject to the restrictions set forth in
      Paragraphs_12.1,12.3 and 12.4.

12.3  Customer  Personnel  visiting at the Hughes facility or a  Subcontractor's
      facility (a) will abide by Hughes'  security  regulations  and/or those of
      its  Subcontractors  and applicable United States Government  regulations;
      (b) will  not  disclose  to a third  party  any  information  received  in
      connection  with  the  access   provided   hereunder  and  will  use  such
      information  only in the performance of the Contract,  whether or not such
      information is marked or otherwise identified as proprietary; and (c) will
      not remove any  documents,  materials  or other items from any facility of
      Hughes or its  Subcontractors  (other than Contract  Deliverable  Data and
      Documentation  and other  documents  delivered to Customer  Personnel  for
      Customer's use and with no  requirement  to return to Hughes)  without the
      express written consent of the Hughes Program Manager.

12.4  Customer  shall submit the individual  name(s) of any proposed  Consultant
      who will  have  access to the  plants  and/or  proprietary  data of Hughes
      and/or its Subcontractors to Hughes, which shall have the right to approve
      all such Consultants (whether paid or  


                                      -48-



<PAGE>



      unpaid).  Such  approval  shall not be withheld  by Hughes  unless (i) the
      hiring of such  Consultant  would  give rise to a  reasonable  concern  by
      Hughes   regarding  the  protection  of  its  proprietary  or  competitive
      information or compliance with its security  requirements or United States
      law,  and/or (ii) Hughes has  knowledge  of prior  incidents in which such
      Consultant has demonstrated behavior or activity incompatible with Hughes'
      ability to achieve the  objectives  of the  Contract.  In the event Hughes
      disapproves  a  Consultant  proposed by  Customer,  Hughes  shall  provide
      Customer with an  explanation,  which need not be written,  of its reasons
      for disapproval.

12.5  As a condition to access to the  facilities of Hughes,  its Affiliates and
      its Subcontractors under this Article, Customer agrees to indemnify Hughes
      as set forth in Paragraph 39.1 of the Contract.

12.6  Hughes shall  provide  office space and  facilities  (co-located  with the
      program  office)  for  the  accommodation  of up  to  three  (3)  Customer
      Personnel who are U.S. citizens, and if necessary, separate facilities for
      two (2) Customer  Personnel who are citizens of the Republic of Korea plus
      facilities for two (2) rotational U.S. Customer Personnel  co-located with
      the Koreans at Hughes' facilities. Hughes shall make reasonable work space
      available for such Customer Personnel at environmental test facilities (if
      located  off site) and shall use best  reasonable  efforts to ensure  that
      facilities are provided for up to two (2) such Customer Personnel at other
      selected Subcontractors' plants on a temporary basis to attend meetings or
      witness tests. At a minimum,  Hughes shall provide desks,  chairs,  office
      supplies,  local  telephone  service (long distance  telephone usage to be
      charged to Customer),  car parking facilities and access to meeting rooms,
      copying machines and facsimile equipment, and, as available, access to and
      use of video conferencing facilities at Hughes' facilities.

12.7  Customer  Personnel will have reasonable  access to (i) drawings,  circuit
      diagrams/schematics,  specifications,  standards  or process  descriptions
      available  to Hughes  and  relevant  to the  Satellite,  and (ii) data and
      documentation provided to Hughes by its Subcontractors and relevant to the
      Satellite (to the extent permitted by the Subcontractors

<PAGE>
                                      -49-



<PAGE>




      after Hughes has used best efforts to obtain such  permission),  and (iii)
      Contract  Deliverable Data and Documentation.  Where such documentation is
      necessary   for   evaluation  of  designs,   performance   considerations,
      assessment  of test  plans  and  test  results  or for any  other  purpose
      connected with the design,  qualification,  testing,  Final  Acceptance or
      operation of the Satellite and its components,  Hughes will make available
      to Customer  Personnel  copies of such  documentation  (excluding unit and
      unit sub-assembly  design and process data), at no charge to Customer,  on
      the reasonable request of Customer Personnel.  To facilitate their work in
      this respect,  Hughes will allow Customer  Personnel  reasonable access to
      all   Customer-specific   indices   related  to  such  drawings,   circuit
      diagrams/schematics, and documents.

12.8  With  regard to  electronically  generated  information,  Hughes will copy
      Customer and/or provide Customer  electronic access to such information as
      is necessary to keep  Customer  advised,  on a current  basis,  of program
      issues,  decisions  and  problems.  Hughes  shall,  if  feasible,  provide
      Customer Personnel access to Hughes's  electronic mail systems through the
      Internet,  such  access to be at  Customer's  cost.  To the extent  Hughes
      establishes  data links for general use between the  facilities  of Hughes
      and its  customers,  Hughes  shall  establish  data links  between its and
      Customer's  facilities such that Customer has remote  electronic access to
      those project related  documents  identified in the CDRL. Hughes will also
      provide  Customer  Personnel  with "real time" access to all measured data
      for the Satellite taken at Hughes' and/or Subcontractor's  facilities on a
      non-interference, no-cost basis.

12.9  Customer  Personnel  shall be entitled to attend all  meetings and reviews
      (including meetings and reviews held by electronic means) of Hughes and of
      Hughes with any Subcontractors  where such meetings and reviews are solely
      related  to  Customer's  project  schedule  and  management,  engineering,
      design, manufacturing,  integration,  testing and launch (but not meetings
      relating  solely to  Hughes'  product  line)  and shall  have the right to
      participate  in  and  make  recommendations,  but  not  to  control,  give
      directions or assign  actions,  in all meetings and reviews at the system,
      subsystem  and unit level,  as well as in internal  program  reviews.  The
      Parties agree to work  cooperatively in resolving issues that 


                                      -50-



<PAGE>



      arise at the various  meetings and,  where  Customer has an objection to a
      recommended resolution/ implementation, the Parties agree to discuss it at
      the Senior  Executive  Level prior to  implementation,  provided  that the
      final decision  concerning  implementation  shall remain with Hughes,  who
      shall provide Customer with a written  explanation for its decision.  With
      respect to Hughes,  "Senior  Executive  Level" shall mean the President or
      Chairman of the Board of Hughes,  and with  respect to  Customer,  "Senior
      Executive  Level"  shall mean the Chief  Executive  Officer of Customer or
      Senior Vice  President,  Engineering  and  Satellite  Operations  of Orion
      Satellite Corporation.

      In  the  event  a  meeting  or  review  is   convened   at  Hughes'  or  a
      Subcontractor's plant relating to Customer's program, Hughes shall provide
      reasonable  advance  notice  to  Customer  and  shall  make  feasible  and
      appropriate  arrangements to facilitate the entry of Customer Personnel to
      the meeting place.

12.10 Hughes shall require that any Subcontract entered into after the Effective
      Date of Contract (other than bulk-buy  Subcontracts)  contains a provision
      substantially  similar to this Article 12 to ensure the  effectiveness  of
      Customer's rights under the Contract. With respect to Subcontracts entered
      into before the Effective Date of Contract,  Customer's  rights under this
      Article 12 shall be as  permitted  in such  Subcontracts.  With respect to
      bulk-buy Subcontracts for critical  sub-assemblies  entered into after the
      Effective Date, Hughes shall inform the Subcontractor of the provisions of
      this Article 12 relating to access to Subcontractor's work-in-progress and
      data and shall use  reasonable  efforts to request on Customer's  behalf a
      similar level of access.

12.11 Hughes'  obligations  under this  Article  shall be subject to  applicable
      United States  Government  regulations and Hughes' standard security rules
      and regulations.

12.12 Consultants  who are foreign  nationals may be afforded a more  restricted
      degree  of  access  to  Hughes'  facilities,  such  level of  access to be
      determined by Hughes in its reasonable discretion.

     
                                      -51-


<PAGE>

12.13 With  respect to foreign  nationals  access to design  and  process  data,
      Hughes will  provide to a location  designated  by Customer two data sets:
      one  properly  marked  for  U.S.  citizen  access;   and  a  second  (more
      restrictive)  data set  properly  marked for foreign  nationals.  Customer
      accepts  responsibility  for  proper  distribution  of each  data set in a
      manner that complies with all relevant  United States  Government laws and
      regulations.

12.14 Hughes  represents that the access to facilities and information  provided
      under the Contract is substantially  equivalent to that generally  granted
      to its commercial customers (excluding Hughes Communications,  Inc. or any
      successor entity).

12.15 It is the  intention  of the Parties  that the  measures set forth in this
      Article 12 shall afford  Customer  sufficient  visibility into the Orion 3
      Satellite Program such that Customer shall, throughout the duration of the
      Program,  be aware and  informed  with  respect to  material  developments
      affecting  Hughes'  ability to deliver the Satellite and other items to be
      delivered according to the requirements of the Contract and on schedule to
      meet the delivery dates set forth in Table 3.1 above.  In order to further
      facilitate  this  objective,  Hughes  shall  advise  Customer  promptly by
      telephone and confirm in writing any event,  circumstance  or  development
      that in Hughes' reasonable  judgment Customer should not have become aware
      of via the other  measures  set forth in this  Article 12 and that,  after
      considering the applicability of reasonable remedial measures,  materially
      threatens (i) the quality of the Satellite or any component  part thereof,
      as well as any services, Contract Deliverable Data and Documentation, SCE,
      Ground Control Software, or (ii) any delivery dates set forth in Table 3.1
      of Article 3.



                                      -52-



<PAGE>





ARTICLE 13. INTER-PARTY WAIVER OF LIABILITY

13.1  All operations at the Designated Launch Site pursuant to the Contract will
      be subject to a no-fault,  no-subrogation  inter-party waiver of liability
      under which Customer,  Hughes and each other Person conducting  operations
      at the  Designated  Launch Site,  including  the Launch  Provider  ("Other
      Users"),  agrees  to be  responsible  for any loss or  liability  which it
      sustains  as a  result  of  damage  to its  own  property  and  employees,
      including death, while involved in operations,  whether or not such damage
      arises through  negligence of any Person.  It is the intent of the Parties
      that this inter-party  waiver of liability be construed broadly to achieve
      its intended objectives of clarifying and minimizing the risk of liability
      to third parties arising from Launch Operations.  Prior to commencement of
      Launch Operations,  Customer will provide Hughes with evidence  reasonably
      satisfactory  to Hughes  that all other such  Persons  have agreed to such
      inter-party waiver of liability.

13.2  If either Party  contracts or  subcontracts  with a third party to provide
      services which necessitate the contractor's or subcontractor's presence on
      the  Designated  Launch  Site,  then such Party will also ensure that such
      third  party  agree to a no-fault,  no-subrogation  inter-party  waiver of
      liability and indemnity for damages it sustains, identical to the Parties'
      respective undertakings under this Article.

13.3  In the event that either  Customer or Hughes fails to obtain the aforesaid
      inter-party  waiver of  liability  and  indemnity  from  their  respective
      contractors or  subcontractors,  then such Party shall  indemnify and hold
      the other Party, the Launch  Provider,  the Other Users of launch services
      and their respective  contractors and subcontractors  harmless from claims
      brought by such  Party's  subcontractors  with  respect  to  matters  that
      otherwise would have been covered by the inter-party waiver of liability.

13.4  The Parties will take such further actions as may be required to implement
      the  provisions  of this  Article  13,  including  the  execution  of such
      agreements and waivers as are customarily  used with respect to operations
      at the Designated  Launch Site and are  consistent  with the provisions of
      this Article 13.


                                      -53-

<PAGE>





ARTICLE 14. HUGHES' REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS

14.1  Subject to the  provisions of Article 34  (Limitation  of  Liability)  and
      Paragraph  14.10,  Hughes warrants that the Satellite  delivered under the
      Contract  shall  be  free  from  material   defects  in  materials  and/or
      workmanship as specified by Exhibit B (Satellite Technical Specification).
      This  warranty  shall apply to the Satellite  (other than the  Satellite's
      batteries) beginning on the date upon which the Satellite is Available for
      Shipment and shall run for a period of 24 months (2 years) thereafter,  or
      until Intentional Ignition, whichever is earlier.

      With respect to batteries,  this warranty shall begin upon cell activation
      and shall run for a period of 24 months (2 years)  after such  activation,
      or until  Intentional  Ignition,  whichever  is earlier.  In the event the
      Satellite is placed in storage due to the fault of Hughes,  the  foregoing
      warranty periods shall be extended by the length of such storage period.

14.2  Subject to the provisions of Article 34  (Limitation  of  Liability),  and
      Paragraph 14.10, Hughes warrants that the SCE delivered under the Contract
      shall be free from material  defects in materials  and/or  workmanship  as
      specified by Exhibit E (Ground  Segment).  With  respect to the SCE,  this
      warranty shall begin upon the date of Final  Acceptance  thereof and shall
      run for a period of 12 months (1 year) thereafter.

14.3  Subject to the  provisions of Article 34  (Limitation  of  Liability)  and
      Paragraph  14.10,  Hughes  warrants  that the  simulator  (as described in
      Exhibit E)  delivered  under  the  Contract  shall be free  from  material
      defects in materials and/or  workmanship as specified by Exhibit E (Ground
      Segment).  With respect to the  simulator,  this warranty shall begin upon
      the date of Final  Acceptance  thereof  and  shall  run for a period of 12
      months (1 year) thereafter.

14.4  In the event the  Satellite is not  Delivered  on or before the  Scheduled
      Delivery Date due to the fault of Hughes,  the warranty  periods set forth
      in  Paragraphs  14.2  and  14.3  shall  be  extended  one Day for each Day
      Delivery is delayed  beyond the Scheduled  Delivery  Date, up to a maximum
      extension of twelve (12) months.


                                      -54-


<PAGE>


14.5  Customer  shall  have the  right  at any time  during  the  period  of the
      warranties set forth in Paragraphs  14.1,  14.2, and 14.3 (as the warranty
      periods set forth in Paragraphs 14.2 and 14.3 may be extended  pursuant to
      Paragraph  14.4) to require that any Work not  conforming  in any material
      respect to the Exhibits to the Contract be promptly  corrected or replaced
      (at Hughes' option and expense) with  conforming  Work. If Hughes fails to
      correct or replace such  defective  Work within a reasonable  period after
      notification from Customer, Customer may then require Hughes to repay such
      portion of the Contract Price as is equitable under the  circumstances  in
      lieu of repairing or replacing such defective Work.

14.6  Hughes  covenants that it shall assign properly  qualified and experienced
      personnel to the Orion 3 Satellite Program contemplated by the Contract.

14.7  Hughes  represents  and  warrants  that it is  either  the  owner  of,  or
      authorized to use and incorporate,  any software or invention  utilized or
      incorporated in the Work.

14.8  Hughes represents, warrants and covenants that:

      A.    it has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into the
            Contract  and to  carry  out the  transactions  contemplated  by the
            Contract; and

      B.    the  execution,  delivery  and  performance  of the Contract and the
            consummation of the  transactions  contemplated by the Contract have
            been duly  authorized by the requisite  corporate  action of Hughes;
            and

      C.    it has (and will have  throughout  the period of  performance of the
            Contract)  adequate  financial  resources to fulfill its obligations
            hereunder, including any repayment obligations upon termination; and

      D.    it will,  until  Final  Acceptance,  provide  Customer  with  Hughes
            Electronics Space Segment quarterly financial statements (profit and
            loss/balance sheet) evidencing Hughes' financial ability to perform;
            and

                                      -55-

<PAGE>



      E.    the  Contract  is  a  valid  and  binding   obligation   of  Hughes,
            enforceable in accordance with its terms.

14.9  Hughes  represents  and  warrants  to  Customer  that,  to the best of its
      knowledge,  it has not violated any applicable  laws or regulations or any
      Customer  policies of which  Hughes has been given  notice  regarding  the
      offering of unlawful inducements in connection with the Contract.

14.10 THESE WARRANTIES ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES,  EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
      INCLUDING FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR MERCHANTABILITY AND THE REMEDY
      PROVIDED  IN  PARAGRAPH  14.5 IS THE SOLE  REMEDY FOR FAILURE BY HUGHES TO
      FURNISH THE  SATELLITE,  SCE AND SIMULATOR  FREE FROM MATERIAL  DEFECTS IN
      MATERIAL OR  WORKMANSHIP  AS SET FORTH IN PARAGRAPHS  14.1,  14.2 AND 14.4
      ABOVE,  RESPECTIVELY.  ALL OTHER  WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS  IMPLIED BY ANY
      OTHER STATUTORY ENACTMENT OR RULE OF LAW WHATSOEVER ARE EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED
      AND DISCLAIMED.







                                      -56-





<PAGE>





ARTICLE 15. ORION'S REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES, COVENANTS AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

      Unless specifically  specified  otherwise,  references to Customer and ONS
      refer only to those entities as distinct and separate  corporate  entities
      and not to any of their  subsidiaries or Affiliates.  Customer and/or ONS,
      as the context dictates, represent and warrant to Hughes as follows:

15.1  Organization, Good Standing and Qualification. As of the Effective Date of
      Contract,  each of  Customer  and  ONS is a  corporation  duly  organized,
      validly  existing  and in good  standing  under  the laws of the  State of
      Delaware.  Each of Customer and ONS has all requisite  power and authority
      to own and operate its material  properties and assets and to carry on its
      respective  business as now conducted in all material  respects.  Customer
      and ONS are each  duly  qualified  to  transact  business  and are in good
      standing in each  jurisdiction  in which the  failure to so qualify  would
      have a Material Adverse Effect (as hereinafter  defined).  For purposes of
      this  Article  15,  the term  "Material  Adverse  Effect"  shall  mean any
      material adverse change in (a) the legality, validity or enforceability of
      the  Contract,  or (b) the  ability  of  Customer  or ONS to  perform  the
      Contract or (c) the financial condition or operations of Customer or ONS.

15.2  Authorization. Customer and ONS each has all corporate and other requisite
      authority to execute, deliver, carry out and perform its obligations under
      the terms of the Contract and all the transactions contemplated hereunder.
      The Contract and the consummation of the transactions  contemplated hereby
      have been duly and validly authorized by all requisite corporate action on
      behalf of Customer and ONS.

15.3  Capitalization  and  Subsidiaries.  As of the Effective  Date of Contract,
      Customer and ONS do not presently own or control,  directly or indirectly,
      any interest in any other corporation,  partnership,  association or other
      business entity or have any subsidiaries,  except those listed in Schedule
      15.3. Schedule 15.3 also includes a listing of the percentage ownership of
      Customer or ONS, as the case may be, in the foregoing entities.


                                      -57-

<PAGE>



15.4  Litigation.  As of the Effective  Date of Contract,  except as provided on
      Schedule   15.4,   there  are  no  actions,   suits,   or  proceedings  or
      investigations  Pending,  or, to the  knowledge  of  Customer  and/or ONS,
      threatened  against  either  Customer  or ONS  which  ONS is  required  to
      disclose in its filings  under the  Securities  Exchange  Act of 1934,  as
      amended.  In  addition,  neither  Customer  nor ONS  currently  intends to
      initiate  such an action.  For purposes of the Contract,  "Pending,"  when
      used in the context of legal action, lawsuit, proceeding or investigation,
      shall  mean an  action,  suit,  proceeding  or  investigation  as to which
      Customer or ONS shall have knowledge or received written notice.

15.5  Certain  Actions.  Except as set forth on Schedule  15.5  hereto,  neither
      ORION  nor ONS has,  from  September  30,  1996 to the  Effective  Date of
      Contract,  incurred any indebtedness of Five Hundred Thousand U.S. Dollars
      (U.S.  $500,000) or more, or sold,  exchanged or otherwise disposed of any
      of its material assets or rights.

15.6  Title to Properties and Assets.  Customer owns its material properties and
      assets, other than leased properties, free and clear of all liens, charges
      and  encumbrances,  except for (a) such encumbrances and liens which arise
      in the ordinary course of business and do not materially impair Customer's
      ownership  or use of such  property  or assets,  (b) liens  created by the
      Contract and (c) liens listed on Schedule 15.6.

15.7  Financial  Statements.  Customer  has  delivered  to  Hughes  the  audited
      consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders' equity and
      cash  flows for each of the three (3) years in the period  ended  December
      31,  1995,   including  the  notes  thereto,  of  ONS  and  the  unaudited
      consolidated  balance  sheets at September 30, 1996 and related  unaudited
      consolidated  statements  of  operations  and cash  flows for the nine (9)
      months  then ended of ONS  (together,  the  "Financial  Statements").  The
      Financial  Statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with GAAP and
      present  fairly  in  all  material  respects  the  consolidated  financial
      condition,  cash flow,  results of operations and changes in  stockholders
      equity of ONS and its subsidiaries  for such periods.  Except as disclosed
      in  Schedule  15.7,  from  September  30,  1996 to the  Effective  Date of
      Contract,  there  has not  been (a) any  material  adverse  change  to the
      financial condition of ONS or any of its 

                                      -58-



<PAGE>



      subsidiaries,  or (b) any  damage,  destruction  or loss,  whether  or not
      covered by insurance,  which has had a Material Adverse Effect.  Except as
      disclosed  in  the  Financial  Statements  or in  Schedule  15.7,  neither
      Customer nor ONS is a guarantor or indemnitor of any material indebtedness
      of any other person,  firm or corporation.  ONS, on a consolidated  basis,
      maintains  and will  continue to maintain a standard  system of accounting
      established and administered in accordance with GAAP.

15.8  Undisclosed Liabilities.  As of the Effective Date of Contract,  except as
      set  forth on  Schedule  15.7 or on any  other  Schedule  hereto,  neither
      Customer  nor ONS is subject to any  liabilities  of any  nature,  whether
      absolute,  contingent or otherwise  (whether or not required to be accrued
      or disclosed under the accounting  disclosure standards applicable to such
      entity)  which have had or can  reasonably  be expected to have a Material
      Adverse  Effect,  except  to the  extent  set  forth  or  provided  in the
      Financial  Statements.  Except as set forth in Schedule  15.7 or any other
      Schedule hereto, all debts,  liabilities and obligations  incurred by such
      entities, after the date of the Financial Statements, were incurred in the
      ordinary  course of  business  and are in amounts  less than Five  Hundred
      Thousand U.S. Dollars (U.S. $500,000).

15.9  Disclosure.  As of the  Effective  Date of Contract,  neither the Contract
      (including the  representations  and warranties of this Article 15 and the
      related  Schedules) nor any of the written statements or certificates made
      or  delivered  in  connection  herewith  to the extent  such are listed in
      Schedule  15.9  (including  the filings  made by ONS under the  Securities
      Exchange Act of 1934,  as amended,  which have been provided to Hughes and
      are listed in Schedule 15.9),  contains any untrue statement of a material
      fact or omits to state a material  fact  necessary to make the  statements
      herein or  therein,  in light of the  circumstances  under which they were
      made, not misleading.

15.10 Compliance with Other  Instruments.  To the knowledge of Customer and ONS,
      as of the  Effective  Date of  Contract,  neither  Customer  nor ONS is in
      violation or default of its respective Certificate of Incorporation or its
      respective  By-Laws,  or in material default of any instrument,  judgment,
      order,  writ,  decree or oral or written  contract or other  

                                      -59-
<PAGE>


      agreement  to  which  it is a party  or by  which  it is  bound  or of any
      provision  of  federal,   state  or  local  statute,  rule  or  regulation
      applicable to such entities as of the date hereof where such  violation or
      default will have a Material Adverse Effect.  The execution,  delivery and
      performance  of the  Contract  and the  consummation  of the  transactions
      contemplated  hereby  will not (i) result in any such  violation  or be in
      conflict  with the  Certificate  of  Incorporation  or the By-Laws of such
      entity, or (ii) be in conflict with any instrument, judgment, order, writ,
      decree, or (iii) be in conflict with any contract or other agreement or be
      an event which results in the creation of any lien,  charge or encumbrance
      upon any material  asset of any of such entities other than as provided in
      the  Contract,  where  such  conflict  or  creation  would have a Material
      Adverse Effect.

15.11 Customer's  Financial Strength.  Hughes and Customer acknowledge and agree
      that Hughes,  in entering  into the  Contract,  is relying on the separate
      existence  and  financial  strength  of  Customer  alone  and  not  of any
      Affiliate of Customer.

15.12 Other Commitments. The following representations and covenants of Customer
      only apply prior to Hughes'  receipt of the Balloon Payment (and shall not
      apply to any  financing  entered  into by  Customer,  ONS,  or  Customer's
      Affiliates  to obtain the funding for such  payment  which  results in the
      Balloon Payment being made substantially  concurrently with such financing
      being obtained for the Balloon Payment):

      1)    Customer  represents  and warrants that its assets do not secure the
            liabilities of ONS  ("Parent"),  Orion  Atlantic,  L.P. or any other
            person,  and prior to Hughes' receipt of the Balloon  Payment,  will
            not grant such a security interest.

      2)    Customer  represents  and warrants that, as of the Effective Date of
            Contract,  it is not a  party  to  any  financing  agreements  which
            contain a provision  that a default by any third party in such third
            party's  obligations  will  be a  default  under  any of  Customer's
            financing  agreements where  enforcement of such provision is likely
            to have a material adverse effect on the ability of Customer to make
            the  Balloon

                                      -60-

<PAGE>


            Payment or have a material  adverse effect on Hughes'  right,  title
            and  interest in the Work or the  security  interest  held by Hughes
            therein.

      3)    Customer agrees that it shall not agree to a provision in any of its
            financing agreements that a default by any third party in such third
            party's  obligations  will  be a  default  under  any of  Customer's
            financing  agreements  unless the  lender  provides  Hughes  with an
            express  acknowledgment  of those Hughes'  rights under the Contract
            listed in  Schedule  15.12 and agrees not to contest  those  rights.
            Further,  Customer will not agree to such  provision if it is likely
            to have a material adverse effect on the ability of Customer to make
            the  Balloon  Payment or have a material  adverse  effect on Hughes'
            right,  title and interest in the Work or the security interest held
            by Hughes therein.

15.13 ONS represents and warrants that, as of the Effective Date of Contract, to
      ONS' knowledge, no competing satellite vendor has any claim against Hughes
      based on any relationship,  contract or understanding  between Customer or
      ONS and any competing  satellite  vendor arising out of Hughes' entry into
      the Contract.  Customer and ONS shall  indemnify and hold Hughes  harmless
      for any breach of the immediately foregoing representation and warranty.

15.14 Customer  and ONS  represent  and warrant  that the payments to be made to
      Hughes under the Contract  shall be made by Customer and shall not be from
      funds  that are held by  Customer  in either an  express  or  constructive
      trust.  Customer and ONS shall  indemnify and hold Hughes harmless for any
      breach of these representations and warranties.

15.15 ONS shall  indemnify  and hold Hughes  harmless  against any damages  that
      arise from the ORION 3 Satellite business  contemplated by the ATP and the
      Contract  competing with the business of International  Private  Satellite
      Partners, L.P. d/b/a ORION Atlantic, L.P.

15.16 Customer  acknowledges  that the Republic of Marshall  Islands licenses or
      consents  with respect to the Specified  Orbital  Location for the ORION 3
      Satellite are held by an entity other than Customer.


                                      -61-


<PAGE>

15.17 Customer and ONS represent  and warrant that, as of the Effective  Date of
      Contract,  Customer  is not a party  to a  joint  venture  or any  similar
      agreement  with Loral Space and  Communications  Corporation or any of its
      subsidiaries (collectively "Loral").

15.18 Customer and ONS represent and warrant that Customer has been and shall be
      operated as an independent and separate  corporate  entity from ONS. As of
      the Effective Date of Contract,  Customer and ONS shall have separate bank
      accounts,  separate accounting records (although Customer has been and may
      continue as part of the ONS consolidated  financial  reporting group), and
      separate  stationery,  and Customer shall be responsible for its allocable
      portion of overhead expenses,  such as rent, compensation for officers and
      legal counsel, etc.

15.19 THE  WARRANTIES  SET  FORTH IN THIS  ARTICLE  15 ARE IN LIEU OF ALL  OTHER
      WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. ALL OTHER WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS IMPLIED
      BY ANY OTHER  STATUTORY  ENACTMENT OR RULE OF LAW WHATSOEVER ARE EXPRESSLY
      EXCLUDED AND DISCLAIMED.






                                      -62-


<PAGE>


ARTICLE 16. TAXES AND DUTIES

16.1  This Paragraph 16.1 applies only to goods and services delivered by Hughes
      to any foreign country pursuant to the  requirements of the Contract.  The
      Contract   Price   excludes,   and  Hughes  and  Hughes'   Affiliates  and
      Subcontractors  shall  not be  required  to pay,  any  present  or  future
      non-U.S.   taxes,   duties,   fees,  levies,   bonds,   duties,   charges,
      contributions,  or any other such fiscal  burden  based on the delivery by
      Hughes of goods or services to Customer in any foreign country pursuant to
      the requirements of the Contract  imposed by any  jurisdiction  other than
      the United States or the State of California, including the following:

      A.    Taxes,  customs,  duties,  or other charges levied on goods imported
            into  or  services  delivered  in  any  foreign  country  under  the
            Contract; and

      B.    Taxes, customs,  duties, or other charges levied on materials,  test
            equipment,  tools, and documentation  temporarily  imported into any
            foreign  country  which  are  required  for the  performance  of the
            Contract; and

      C.    Income  taxes or business  taxes  levied by any  foreign  country on
            goods or  services  delivered  directly  by Hughes to  Customer in a
            foreign country; and

      D.    Value  added  taxes or any  similar  taxes  imposed  by any  foreign
            country  on  goods or  services  delivered  directly  by  Hughes  to
            Customer in a foreign country.

16.2  Hughes shall consult with Customer or its designated  Consultant(s) on any
      taxes or duties which may be payable under  Paragraph  16.1 above.  In the
      event any of the items in 16.1 above are levied  upon  Hughes,  or Hughes'
      Affiliates or  Subcontractors,  Hughes shall immediately  notify Customer.
      Customer,  within five (5) Business  Days of receipt of such  notification
      from  Hughes,  shall  either  have the  charges  waived or pay the charges
      directly. For those items in Paragraph 16.1 that Hughes is required by law
      to pay,  Customer shall reimburse  Hughes in an amount which leaves Hughes
      in  the  same  economic  position  as  if  such  payment  of  charges  and
      reimbursement  thereof had not been  required,  within thirty

                                      -64-

<PAGE>

      (30) days of Customer's receipt of Hughes' invoice.  Hughes' reimbursement
      request will be  accompanied by evidence of the amount and purpose of such
      payments,  and shall include a calculation of the amount of  reimbursement
      required under the preceding sentence.

16.3  Hughes shall be responsible  for and shall pay all United States  (federal
      and state) taxes, fees, levies,  duties and other lawful charges which are
      levied  upon  Hughes  or  its   Affiliates  in  connection   with  Hughes'
      performance  of the Work  under the  Contract,  except  those  levied as a
      result  of  transfer  of  title in the  United  States  for an  unlaunched
      Satellite as described in Article 32.5.



                                      -64-


<PAGE>





ARTICLE 17. TERMINATION AND OTHER RIGHTS

17.1  Termination for Customer's Convenience

      A.    Customer may, upon written  notice to Hughes,  at any time terminate
            the Work in  accordance  with the terms set forth below,  and Hughes
            shall  immediately  cease  Work  in the  manner  and  to the  extent
            specified. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall there be
            a termination under this Paragraph 17.1 after Intentional Ignition.

      B.S   Upon   receipt  of  a  notice  of   termination,   as   provided  in
            Paragraph_17.1.A above, Hughes shall take the following actions:

            (1) stop  Work  under  the  Contract  on the date and to the  extent
                specified in the notice of termination;

            (2) place no further orders or subcontracts for materials, services,
                or facilities;

            (3) terminate orders and subcontracts to the extent that they relate
                to the performance of the Work;

            (4) settle all outstanding liabilities and all claims arising out of
                such  termination  of orders  and  subcontracts  for  materials,
                services, or facilities; and

            (5) take such action as may be reasonably necessary,  or as Customer
                may direct,  for the protection and preservation of the property
                related to the Contract  which is in the possession of Hughes or
                any  Subcontractor  and in which  Customer has or may acquire an
                interest.

      C.    In the event of termination under this  Paragraph 17.1  and provided
            the termination is not due to Hughes' default under  Paragraph 17.2,
            Hughes  shall be  entitled  to  payment  of an  amount  equal to the
            Termination  Liability  Amount as specified  in  Exhibit F  (Payment
            Plan)  less  the sum of all  amounts  (including  the  ATP  Payment)


                                      -65-
<PAGE>

            received by Hughes under the  Contract;  provided  that in the event
            such amount is a negative number, Hughes shall refund such amount to
            Customer.

      D.    Hughes  shall  submit an invoice to Customer  within sixty (60) Days
            after the termination  date,  which invoice shall specify the amount
            due to Hughes from  Customer  pursuant to this  Paragraph 17.1,  and
            Hughes  shall be  entitled  to payment by  Customer  of such  amount
            within  thirty (30) Days  thereafter.  Payment of such amount by any
            Financing  Entity on behalf of Customer shall relieve  Customer from
            its obligation to make such payment.

      E.    The   amount   payable   by   Customer   to   Hughes   pursuant   to
            Paragraph 17.1.C  shall  constitute a total  discharge of Customer's
            liabilities   to   Hughes   for   termination   pursuant   to   this
            Paragraph 17.1.

      F.    In the event of  termination  pursuant to this  Paragraph 17.1 after
            Hughes' receipt of the Balloon Payment,  upon payment of all amounts
            due hereunder, then

            (1) title to all items of Work which  would  have been  incorporated
                into a  deliverable  item under the  Contract,  and which are in
                progress  before  the  giving of notice  under  Paragraph 17.1.A
                above,  shall,  subject to applicable  United States  Government
                export regulations,  vest in Customer,  and Hughes shall deliver
                all  such  items to  Customer  FOB  Hughes  plant,  El  Segundo,
                California  (at which point  Customer  shall accept such items);
                and.

            (2) Hughes agrees to refund to Customer the  difference  between (x)
                the lesser of (i) the price of the Launch  Services set forth in
                Paragraph  4.2  ("Launch  Services  Price")  and (ii) the resale
                price of such  Launch  Services to a third party and (y) Hughes'
                additional  actual costs incurred to resell such Launch Services
                (including  unrecoverable  costs charged by the Launch  Provider
                such  as:  inventory  carrying  fees;  reasonable  reprogramming
                costs;  and  profit),  plus a profit on such  additional  actual
                costs of twelve and one-half 

                                      -66-



<PAGE>


<TABLE>
<S>                                                                             <C>
                percent  (12.5%);  provided  that in the event  Customer has not
                paid in full the Launch  Services Price (taking into account any
                termination  liability  payment  made by  Customer)  the "resale
                price" in (x) above  shall be  adjusted,  for  purposes of these
                calculations,  by multiplying  such "resale price" by the amount
                Customer has paid for the Launch  Services  (taking into account
                any  termination  liability  paid by  Customer)  divided  by the
                Launch  Services  Price (for example,  if Customer has paid only
                [         ]  of the  Launch  Services  Price  [           ]  and*
                Hughes  resells the Launch  Services for [            ] then the*
                "resale  price"  for  purposes  of (x) shall be  adjusted  to be
                [                         ]   times   [         ]   divided   by*
                [          ])).  Hughes agrees to use best reasonable efforts to*
                resell the Launch Services during the eighteen (18) month period
                following said termination and amounts realized from such resale
                will be  refunded to  Customer  thirty  (30) days after  Hughes'
                receipt of such resale  payments  from the third  party.  Hughes
                shall use best reasonable efforts to sell the Launch Services at
                fair market value (at the time of such resale).
</TABLE>

      G.    If in Hughes' sole judgment it is feasible for Hughes to utilize any
            items of  terminated  Work,  it shall submit to Customer an offer to
            acquire such items. If such offer is accepted,  Hughes'  termination
            invoice shall be credited with the agreed acquisition price.  Hughes
            shall have no obligation to use any of the Work in any other project
            or for any other customer and any decision to do so shall be made at
            Hughes' sole discretion.

      H.    This  Paragraph  17.1 shall apply only to a complete  termination of
            the Work. Customer requests for termination of only a portion of the
            Work shall be presented to Hughes and negotiated pursuant to Article
            22 (Changes).

17.2  Termination for Hughes' Default


                                      -67-                                     


<PAGE>


      A.    Customer  may  issue a  written  notice  of  default  (the  "Default
            Notice") to Hughes if:

            (1) The Satellite has not been  Delivered and the Damages Period set
                forth  in  Article  11  (as  extended  in  accordance  with  the
                provisions  thereof) has expired and the maximum  Contract Price
                reduction has occurred; or

            (2) Hughes commences a voluntary proceeding  concerning itself under
                any   applicable   bankruptcy,    insolvency,    reorganization,
                adjustment   of  debt,   relief  of  debtors   or  similar   law
                ("Insolvency  Law");  or any  involuntary  proceeding  commences
                against  Hughes under an Insolvency Law and the petition has not
                been dismissed within ninety (90) Days after commencement of the
                proceeding; or a receiver or custodian is appointed for or takes
                charge of all or a substantial portion of the property of Hughes
                and  such  custodian  or  receiver  has not  been  dismissed  or
                discharged  within  sixty (60) Days;  or Hughes has taken action
                toward the  winding-up,  dissolution or liquidation of Hughes or
                its  business;  or  Hughes  has been  adjudicated  insolvent  or
                bankrupt or an order for relief or other order  approving a case
                or  proceeding  under an  Insolvency  Law has been  entered;  or
                Hughes  has  made  a  general  assignment  for  the  benefit  of
                creditors or becomes  unable to pay its debts  generally as they
                become due; or

            (3) Hughes has assigned or transferred  the Contract in violation of
                the  provisions of Article 26 (Assignment or Change in Ownership
                or  Control)  and  Hughes   fails  to  cure  such   unauthorized
                assignment or transfer  within thirty (30) days after  receiving
                written notice.

      B.    Customer's  service of a Default  Notice on Hughes shall  operate to
            terminate  the Contract  forthwith  with respect to the Work. In the
            event   Customer    terminates   the   Contract   as   provided   in
            Paragraph 17.2.A,  Customer  shall be  entitled  to a refund  of all
            payments (including the ATP Payment) previously made to Hughes

                                      -68-

<PAGE>

<TABLE>
<S>                                                                             <C>
            under the Contract, any liquidated damages for delay levied pursuant
            to Article 11, and, as  damages,  direct  reasonable  re-procurement
            costs in excess of the Contract Price, such  re-procurement  damages
            to be actually  incurred and invoiced to Hughes in reasonable detail
            not to exceed [                                    ]                *
</TABLE>


      C.    Upon refund of payments in accordance with  Paragraph_17.2.B  above,
            Hughes  shall be  entitled  to  retain  title  to any and all  Work,
            work-in-progress,   parts  or  other  material,  together  with  any
            associated warranties,  and any subcontracted items which Hughes has
            specifically produced or acquired or entered into in accordance with
            the Contract.

      D.    If, after  termination  of the Contract under the provisions of this
            Paragraph 17.2,  it is  determined  by  arbitration  or  admitted in
            writing  by  Customer  that  Hughes  was not in  default  under  the
            provisions of this Paragraph 17.2, or that the default was excusable
            under  Article 10  (Excusable  Delays),  such  termination  shall be
            considered  a  termination  for  convenience  of  Customer  and  the
            provisions of Paragraph 17.1 shall apply.

      E.    THE RIGHTS AND REMEDIES PROVIDED TO CUSTOMER IN THIS PARAGRAPH 17.2,
            AND IN ARTICLE 4 (CONTRACT PRICE, PAYMENT AND ADJUSTMENT), ARTICLE 5
            (SATELLITE PERFORMANCE PAYMENTS), ARTICLE 11 (LIQUIDATED DAMAGES FOR
            LATE DELIVERY), ARTICLE 14 (HUGHES' REPRESENTATIONS,  WARRANTIES AND
            COVENANTS),  PARAGRAPH 17.4  (TERMINATION  FOR EXCUSABLE  DELAY) AND
            ARTICLE 19 (PATENT  INDEMNIFICATION)  SHALL BE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU
            OF ANY OTHER RIGHTS AND REMEDIES PROVIDED BY LAW OR IN EQUITY IN THE
            EVENT HUGHES FAILS TO MEET ITS OBLIGATIONS TO PERFORM THE WORK.


                                      -69-                                     

<PAGE>

      F.    Notwithstanding  the other provisions of this Article, a termination
            for  Hughes'   default  shall  not  relieve  the  Parties  of  their
            obligations  with respect to a launched  Satellite  and,  except for
            termination  pursuant  to  Paragraph  17.2.A(1),  there  will  be no
            termination for default with respect to a launched Satellite.

17.3  Termination for Customer's Default

      A.    Hughes may  terminate  the Contract in whole without prior notice to
            Customer at any time after the occurrence of any of the following:

            (1) If  Customer  is in  default of any  Progress  Payment up to and
                including the Balloon Payment;  provided,  however, where Hughes
                failed to provide the invoice  specified  in  Paragraph  4.7 for
                such  payment,  Hughes  shall not be entitled to  terminate  the
                Contract for  Customer's  default in making such payment  unless
                and until  Hughes  provides  Customer  such an invoice  for such
                payment and fails to receive such  payment  within ten (10) Days
                after  Customer's  receipt (as  specified in Article 24) of such
                invoice; or

            (2) If Hughes  gives  written  notice to  Customer of default in the
                payment of any  Progress  Payment due after the Balloon  Payment
                when such Progress Payment shall have become due and payable and
                Customer  fails to cure such event within thirty (30) Days after
                receiving such written notice; or

            (3) Customer  commences a  voluntary  proceeding  concerning  itself
                under any  applicable  bankruptcy,  insolvency,  reorganization,
                adjustment   of  debt,   relief  of  debtors   or  similar   law
                ("Insolvency  Law");  or any  involuntary  proceeding  commences
                against  Customer  under an Insolvency  Law and the petition has
                not been dismissed within ninety (90) Days after commencement of
                the  proceeding;  or a receiver or custodian is appointed for or
                takes charge of all or a substantial  portion of the property of
                Customer and such  custodian or receiver has not been  dismissed
                or  discharged  within  sixty (60) Days;  or Customer  has taken
                action toward 

                                      -70-
<PAGE>



                the  winding-up,  dissolution  or liquidation of Customer or its
                business; or Customer has been adjudicated insolvent or bankrupt
                or an order  for  relief  or  other  order  approving  a case or
                proceeding under an Insolvency Law has been entered; or Customer
                has made a general  assignment  for the benefit of  creditors or
                becomes unable to pay its debts generally as they become due; or

            (4) Customer has assigned or  transferred  the Contract in violation
                of the  provisions  of  Article  26  (Assignment  or  Change  in
                Ownership  or  Control)   and   Customer   fails  to  cure  such
                unauthorized  assignment  or  transfer  within  thirty (30) days
                after receiving written notice.

      B.    Upon  the  occurrence  of  an  event  of  default  under   Paragraph
            17.3.A(1), Hughes' sole and exclusive remedies against Customer, ONS
            and any Orion  Affiliate (in addition to those remedies set forth in
            Paragraph 17.3.A(1)) shall be the following:  (i) Hughes may, at its
            sole option, terminate its obligation to dedicate a Delta III launch
            rocket to the  Contract  without  terminating  the  remainder of the
            Contract;  (ii) Hughes may immediately stop Work; (iii) Hughes shall
            be entitled,  as liquidated  damages, to retain possession and title
            of the Work, and all items thereof,  and all payments received prior
            to such  termination  until all payments due under the Contract have
            been  received in  immediately  available  funds;  and (iv) sell the
            Work,  or  items  thereof,  to  another  Person  without  notice  to
            Customer. Nothing in this subparagraph 17.3.B shall limit any rights
            (and associated  remedies to enforce those rights) Hughes has in the
            Work by virtue  of law or its  security  position  as  permitted  in
            Paragraphs  4.17 and 9.3 or any  rights  either  Party has under the
            existing Non-Disclosure Agreement between the Parties.

      C.    Upon the occurrence of an event of default under Paragraph 17.3.A(3)
            above,   Customer  shall,   upon  the  written  request  of  Hughes,
            immediately  terminate  the  Contract  under  Paragraph  17.1  above
            (Termination for Customer's Convenience).


                                      -71-

<PAGE>

      D.    Upon the  occurrence of an event of default  under  Paragraph 17.3.A
            above (other than under Paragraph  17.3.A(1)),  Hughes' remedies (in
            addition  to those  set  forth  in  Paragraph  17.3.A)  shall be the
            following:

            (1) Customer   shall  pay  to  Hughes  the  amounts   specified   in
                Paragraph 17.1.C  within  fifteen  (15)  Days  after  notice  of
                request to pay such amounts; and

            (2) Hughes shall have the right to  immediately  stop Work under the
                Contract; and

            (3) If  Customer  does not pay to Hughes the  amounts  specified  in
                Paragraph  17.1.C  within  fifteen  (15)  Days  after  receiving
                written  notice of request to pay such  amounts  Hughes shall be
                entitled to (without any further notice to Customer):

                (i)   immediately  sell all the work in progress  and retain the
                      proceeds of such sale; and

                (ii)  the  provisions  of Paragraph  17.1.F(2)  shall apply with
                      respect to the resale of the Launch Services and refund to
                      Customer of the proceeds realized therefrom.

            (4) If  Customer  pays the amounts  specified  in  Paragraph  17.1.C
                within  fifteen  (15) days  after  receiving  written  notice of
                request to pay such amounts, then

                (i)   title  to  all  items  of  Work  which   would  have  been
                      incorporated  into a deliverable  item under the Contract,
                      shall,  subject to  applicable  United  States  Government
                      export  regulations,  vest in  Customer,  and Hughes shall
                      deliver all such items to Customer  FOB Hughes  plant,  El
                      Segundo, California (who shall accept such items); and

                                      -72-

<PAGE>


                (ii)  the  provisions of Paragraph  17.1.F(2),  shall apply with
                      respect  to resale of the  Launch  Services  and refund to
                      Customer of the proceeds realized therefrom.

      E.    Except as specified in this Paragraph  17.3, or Paragraphs 4.6, 4.8,
            4.9, 4.14,  4.16,  4.19 or 32.4,  Hughes shall not have the right to
            terminate or suspend the Contract.

17.4  Should  Customer  become a debtor in any bankruptcy  proceeding,  Customer
      shall move to assume or reject the Contract  within  forty-five  (45) days
      after the entry of an order for relief.
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                             <C>
17.5  Customer may, upon written notice to Hughes,  terminate immediately all of
      the Contract if the aggregate of Excusable  Delays (except those Excusable
      Delays  caused by  Customer's  failure to perform  its  obligations  under
      Article 29) exceeds  twelve (12)  months.  If Customer so  terminates  the
      Contract,  Hughes shall refund to Customer all amounts  (including amounts
      paid under the ATP) paid to Hughes  pursuant to the Contract less a profit
      of twelve and one half percent (12.5%) on such amounts, provided, however,
      such   profit   shall   not   exceed   [                                 ]*
      [                    ]                                                    *
</TABLE>


17.6  Hughes shall use reasonable  efforts to place  Subcontracts  on terms that
      will enable Hughes to terminate in a manner  consistent  with this Article
      17.

17.7  Because time is of the essence in the Contract,  any disputes  between the
      Parties  under  Article  17 will be decided  by an  expedited  arbitration
      procedure.

                                      -73-
<PAGE>

ARTICLE 18. DATA AND SOFTWARE

18.1  Use of Contract Deliverable Data and Documentation

      Subject  to  the  provisions  of  Article  21  (Proprietary  Information),
      Customer and its Consultants shall have a nonexclusive,  non-transferable,
      worldwide,  royalty-free, fully paid-up right to use and maintain, for the
      actual  physical  operational  lifetime  of the  Satellite,  the  Contract
      Deliverable  Data and  Documentation  for the  Orion 3  Satellite  Program
      solely for  purposes  of  maintaining  and  operating  the  Satellite  and
      delivered Satellite Control Equipment and Ground Control Software.

18.2  Use of Copyrights

      Notwithstanding  any other  provision  hereof,  the ownership and title to
      copyrights in Contract  Deliverable Data and Documentation shall remain in
      Hughes or its  licensor(s).  Hughes  grants to  Customer a fully  paid-up,
      royalty-free,  nonexclusive  right under Hughes' copyrights for the actual
      physical  operational  lifetime  of the  Satellite  to make  copies of the
      Contract  Deliverable Data and Documentation  solely for use in connection
      with  the  maintenance  and  operation  of  the  Satellite  and  delivered
      Satellite  Control   Equipment  and  Ground  Control   Software.   On  all
      documentation  that is  copyrighted,  Customer shall apply the appropriate
      copyright  notice to all copies made thereof.  All rights to documentation
      not owned by Hughes  are  limited  by the  extent of  Hughes'  rights  and
      interests therein.

18.3  Software Rights in Ground Control Software

      Hughes grants to Customer a  non-exclusive,  non-transferable  license and
      worldwide,  royalty-free,  fully  paid-up  right for the  actual  physical
      operational  lifetime of the  Satellite (i) to use and maintain the Ground
      Control  Software,  only for the  purpose of  controlling  the  Satellite,
      provided however that Customer may, upon notification to Hughes,  transfer
      the  Ground  Control  Software  to  another  location  for the  purpose of
      controlling  the  Satellite  and  (ii) to  reproduce  the  Ground  Control
      Software, for the purposes of

                                      -74-



<PAGE>



      safekeeping  (archives)  or backup,  provided  all  copyright  notices and
      proprietary markings are reproduced.

      Except  for  those  rights in the  Ground  Control  Software  specifically
      granted in the  Contract,  no rights in the Ground  Control  Software  are
      granted to Customer.  The Ground Control  Software in source code form and
      the  documentation  are a trade  secret  of  Hughes.  Customer  agrees  to
      preserve such Ground Control Software in confidence and shall not disclose
      such Ground Control Software to any third parties. This provision does not
      limit the right of Customer to use Ground Control Software, or information
      therein,  which Customer may already have or obtains without  restriction.
      Third parties do not include those  contractors  and  Consultants who have
      Customer's  permission  and who  have  agreed  to use the  Ground  Control
      Software only in accordance  with these  restrictions.  Customer agrees to
      take all  reasonable  steps to safeguard  from theft,  loss and  negligent
      disclosure  to others all Ground  Control  Software  delivered  hereunder.
      Customer  shall take  appropriate  action by instruction or agreement with
      its  employees  and  Consultants  who are  permitted  access to the Ground
      Control  Software  advising such  employees and  Consultants of Customer's
      obligations hereunder. The foregoing obligations shall survive termination
      or expiration of the Contract.

18.4  Vendor  Software  shall be provided to  Customer  in  accordance  with the
      particular  Vendor's usual software license agreement,  which agreement(s)
      will be provided to Customer upon installation of said software.  Customer
      agrees to use Vendor  Software only in accordance  with the  provisions of
      such software license agreements.

18.5  Inthe event of any termination of the Work under the Contract,  subject to
      any rights  granted  elsewhere in the Contract to the  contrary,  any data
      rights  specified  in this  Article  in and to such Work  shall  revert to
      Hughes and  Customer  shall have no further  rights  with  respect to such
      Work.

                                      -75-


<PAGE>


ARTICLE 19. PATENT INDEMNIFICATION

19.1  In lieu of any other warranty by Customer or Hughes  against  infringement
      of intellectual  property  rights,  express or implied,  it is agreed that
      Hughes will indemnify and defend (including by way of settlement),  at its
      expense, any suit against Customer based on a claim that Customer's use of
      the Satellite,  Satellite  Control  Equipment,  Ground  Control  Software,
      Contract  Deliverable Data or  Documentation  furnished under the Contract
      infringes an intellectual property right in the country of delivery or the
      United States,  unless such  infringement  occurred  solely as a result of
      Customer's provision of designs, specifications or instructions to Hughes,
      and  provided  Hughes is  promptly  notified  in writing of such claim and
      given  authority,  information  and  assistance  by  Customer,  at Hughes'
      expense,  for the  defense or  settlement  thereof.  Hughes  agrees to pay
      damages and costs awarded against  Customer in any suit defended by Hughes
      pursuant to the Contract.

      Nothing in the Contract shall be construed as requiring Hughes to defend a
      suit or pay  damages  or costs if  either  (i) the  infringement  claim or
      judgment  is based  upon the use of any goods and  services  furnished  in
      combination  with  other  goods and  services  not  provided  by Hughes or
      approved for use by Hughes,  if the  infringement  would not have occurred
      but for such  combined use;  (ii) the  infringement  claim is based on the
      goods and  services  being used in other than  their  specified  operating
      environment;  or (iii)  the  infringement  claim  is  based on  Customer's
      modification of the Satellite, Satellite Control Equipment, Ground Control
      Software, Contract Deliverable Data or Documentation.

      If the  use of  the  Satellite(s),  Satellite  Control  Equipment,  Ground
      Control Software,  Contract  Deliverable Data or Documentation is enjoined
      in such suit, Hughes shall, at its option, either procure for Customer the
      right to use the Satellite(s), Satellite Control Equipment, Ground Control
      Software, Contract Deliverable Data or Documentation,  as the case may be,
      or substitute an equivalent product  reasonably  acceptable to Customer or
      modify the same to render them  noninfringing.  If Hughes  determines that
      none of these  


                                      -76-

<PAGE>



      alternatives are reasonably available or feasible,  Hughes shall meet with
      Customer to address the matter and reach an equitable solution  reasonably
      acceptable to Customer.

      If the infringement  results solely from Customer's  provision of designs,
      specifications  or  instructions  to Hughes,  Customer will  indemnify and
      defend  (including by way of  settlement),  at its expense,  any such suit
      against Hughes,  provided  Customer is promptly notified in writing of the
      claim of infringement and given  authority,  information and assistance by
      Hughes, at Customer's expense, for the defense or settlement thereof.

19.2  Each  Party's  total  liability  for the cost of any such  defense and any
      subsequent  award of damages  and costs  under  this  Article 19 shall not
      exceed Ten Million  Dollars  (U.S.  $10,000,000).  The existence of one or
      more claims or lawsuits shall not extend this amount under patent covering
      combination of items furnished hereunder with other devices or elements.

19.3  In no event shall Hughes be liable for any lost revenues, lost profits, or
      other indirect,  incidental,  special or consequential damages suffered by
      Customer (as contrasted with damages  suffered by any third party claiming
      infringement of its intellectual property rights under this Article 19 for
      which  Customer  may  become  liable) as a result of a claim or suit under
      this Article 19.

19.4  The foregoing  constitutes the Parties' entire  obligation with respect to
      claims for infringement.



                                      -77-



<PAGE>





ARTICLE 20. RIGHTS IN INVENTIONS

20.1


      A.    As  used  in  the  Contract,  "Program  Invention"  shall  mean  any
            invention,  discovery or improvement  conceived of and first reduced
            to  practice  in the  performance  of the Work  under the  Contract.
            Information  relating  to  Program  Inventions  shall be  treated as
            proprietary  information  in accordance  with the  provisions of the
            Contract.  Rights to  inventions  conceived  solely by Hughes or its
            employees shall vest completely with Hughes.

      B.    Hughes shall be the owner of all Program Inventions  invented solely
            by Hughes.  Hughes grants  Customer a fully  paid-up,  royalty-free,
            nonexclusive license for the actual physical operational lifetime of
            the Satellite in Program Inventions to use Program Inventions solely
            for the purposes of  maintenance  and operation of the Satellite and
            any other item delivered that contains Program Inventions.

      C.    The  following  shall apply to joint  Program  Inventions:  that is,
            inventions  conceived  jointly  by one or  more  employees  of  both
            Parties hereto:

            (1) each Party shall have an equal,  undivided  one-half interest in
                and to  such  joint  Program  Inventions,  as  well as in and to
                patent applications and patents thereon in all countries.

            (2) Hughes  shall have the first  right of  election  to file patent
                applications  in any country,  and Customer  shall have a second
                right of election. Each Party in turn shall make its election at
                the earliest  practicable time, and shall notify the other Party
                of its decision.

            (3) The  expenses  for  preparing,  filing and  securing  each joint
                Program  Invention patent  application,  and for issuance of the
                respective patent shall be borne by the Party which prepares and
                files the application.  The other Party shall furnish the filing
                Party  with  all  documents  or  other  assistance  


                                      -78-

<PAGE>


                that may be  necessary  for the filing and  prosecution  of each
                application.  Where such joint Program Invention application for
                patent is filed by either Party in a country which  requires the
                payment of taxes,  annuities,  maintenance fees or other charges
                on a pending application or on an issued patent, the Party which
                files the application shall, prior to filing,  request the other
                Party to indicate  whether it will agree to pay one-half of such
                taxes,  annuities,  maintenance fees or other charges. If within
                sixty (60) Days of receiving such request,  the non-filing Party
                fails  to  assume  in  writing   the   obligation   to  pay  its
                proportionate share of such taxes,  annuities,  maintenance fees
                or other  charges,  or if  either  Party  subsequently  fails to
                continue  such  payments  within  sixty (60) Days of demand,  it
                shall  forthwith  relinquish to the other Party,  providing that
                said other Party  continues such payments,  its interest in such
                application  and patent  and the  Invention  disclosed  therein,
                subject, however, to retention of a irrevocable,  fully paid-up,
                non-exclusive,   non-assignable   license   in   favor   of  the
                relinquishing  Party, its parent,  and any subsidiary thereof to
                make,  use, lease and sell  apparatus  and/or methods under said
                application and patent.

      D.    Each owner of a jointly-owned patent application or patent resulting
            therefrom   shall,   provided  that  it  shall  have  fulfilled  its
            obligation,   if  any,  to  pay  its  share  of  taxes,   annuities,
            maintenance  fees and other charges on such pending  application  or
            patent,  have the right to grant  non-exclusive  licenses thereunder
            and to retain any consideration that it may receive therefor without
            obligation  to account  therefor to the other Party.  In  connection
            therewith,  each of the Parties  hereby  consents to the granting of
            such  non-exclusive  licenses by the other Party and also agrees not
            to assert any claim  with  respect to the  licensed  application  or
            patent against any licensee of the other Party thereunder during the
            term of any such license.

20.2  No sale or lease  hereunder  shall  convey  any  license  by  implication,
      estoppel or otherwise,  under any  proprietary or patent rights of Hughes,
      to practice any process with such 


                                      -79-

<PAGE>


      product or part, or, for the  combination of such product or part with any
      other product or part.



















                                      -80-


<PAGE>





ARTICLE 21. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION

21.1  Under the Contract,  Hughes (and its Affiliates) and Customer may disclose
      to each other such of their respective  information,  some of which may be
      Proprietary  Information as defined below, as the disclosing  Party in its
      sole  discretion  believes  will be  essential  to the  objectives  of the
      Contract and which it has a right to disclose. Any information required by
      the Contract to be set forth in Contract Deliverable Data or Documentation
      shall be deemed essential to the objectives of the Contract.

21.2  "Proprietary   Information"   means   information   which  a  Party  deems
      proprietary  to it. Each Party shall hold in confidence  and withhold from
      third  parties  any and all  Proprietary  Information  received  under the
      Contract and shall use such  Proprietary  Information only as set forth in
      the Contract and for no other purpose  unless the  disclosing  Party shall
      otherwise  agree  in  writing.   Each  Party  shall  take  reasonable  and
      appropriate  measures to safeguard any  Proprietary  Information  received
      under the Contract from theft, loss or disclosure to others,  and to limit
      access  to  Proprietary  Information  to  those  officers,  directors  and
      employees within the receiving Party's organization who reasonably require
      access  in  order  to  accomplish  the  aforesaid  purposes.   Proprietary
      Information shall be in written or other permanent form and be prominently
      identified as proprietary  using an appropriate  legend,  marking stamp or
      other clear and conspicuous  written  identification  which  unambiguously
      indicates  the  information  being  provided  is the  originating  Party's
      Proprietary  Information.  Any such  information  in other than written or
      other  permanent  form  when  disclosed  shall be  considered  Proprietary
      Information   hereunder,   but  only  to  the  extent  identified  as  the
      originating  Party's  Proprietary  Information  at the  time  of  original
      disclosure  and  thereafter  summarized  in written form which clearly and
      conspicuously identifies the Proprietary  Information.  Such summary shall
      be  transmitted  by the  originating  Party to the receiving  Party within
      thirty (30) Days of the nonwritten disclosure.

21.3  The receiving  Party shall not be liable for use or disclosure of any such
      Proprietary Information if it can establish that the same:

                                      -81-



<PAGE>


      A.    Is or becomes a part of the public  knowledge or literature  without
            breach of the Contract by the receiving Party; or

      B.    Is known to the receiving  Party without  restriction  as to further
            disclosure when received; or

      C.    Is independently developed by the receiving Party as demonstrated by
            written records; or

      D.    Becomes  known to the  receiving  Party from a third party who had a
            lawful right to disclose it and without breach of the Contract.

      Specific  Proprietary  Information  shall not be deemed to be available to
      the public or in the  possession of the receiving  Party merely because it
      is embraced by more general  information  so available or in the receiving
      Party's possession.

21.4  Should  the  receiving  Party be faced  with  judicial  or  administrative
      governmental   action  to  disclose   Proprietary   Information   received
      hereunder,  said receiving  Party shall  forthwith  notify the originating
      Party in sufficient  time to permit the  disclosing  Party to intervene in
      response to such action.

21.5  The receiving Party agrees promptly to notify the disclosing  Party of the
      loss or unauthorized use or disclosure of any Proprietary Information, and
      upon request of the originating Party, the receiving Party shall surrender
      any part or all of the Proprietary Information to the originating Party.

21.6  The  individuals  identified in Article 24 (Notices) are designated as the
      point for receiving Proprietary  Information exchanged between the Parties
      pursuant to the Contract.

21.7  Hughes  shall  have its  Subcontractors  agree in  writing  to be bound to
      protect Customer's  Proprietary  Information on the same conditions as set
      forth herein.

                                      -82-



<PAGE>

21.8  Customer  shall  have  its  Consultants  agree in  writing  to be bound to
      protect Hughes Proprietary Information on the same conditions as set forth
      herein.

21.9  Upon  termination of the Contract for any reason,  the Parties shall cease
      use of all Proprietary Information furnished by the other Party and shall,
      at the direction of the  furnishing  Party,  return to or destroy all such
      Proprietary  Information,  together  with all copies  made  thereof.  Upon
      request,  the  receiving  Party shall send the other  Party a  destruction
      certificate.

21.10 Customer and Parent acknowledge that Hughes would be irreparably harmed if
      any  competitor  of Hughes  as  determined  by  Hughes  in its  reasonable
      discretion  were to acquire  access to any of the  intellectual  property,
      Proprietary  Information or other technology,  data or inventions  covered
      under the Contract (collectively, the "Intellectual Property"), regardless
      of whether such  competitor has an ownership  interest in Customer or ONS.
      Accordingly,  Customer and ONS agree that no competitor of Hughes shall be
      given  access to any of the  Intellectual  Property and that should such a
      competitor  obtain  control of  Customer  or  otherwise  be an assignee or
      transferee of Customer  with regard to the  Contract,  Hughes may take any
      and all  reasonable  steps  to  safeguard  and  protect  its  Intellectual
      Property.   Notwithstanding  any  provisions  of  the  Contract  requiring
      arbitration,  the  foregoing  agreement  may be  enforced by Hughes by the
      entry of injunctive relief, in addition to all other remedies available to
      Hughes under the Contract,  applicable law or otherwise. The provisions of
      this Paragraph 21.10 shall apply mutually to the Intellectual  Property of
      Customer and ONS

21.11 Notwithstanding any provision of this Contract, the Parties agree that the
      existing Non-Disclosure Agreement between the Parties shall remain in full
      force and effect according to its terms.

                                      -83-


<PAGE>


ARTICLE 22. CHANGES

22.1  Any changes  requested by Hughes during the  performance  of the Contract,
      within the general scope of the  Contract,  which will add or delete Work,
      affect the design of the  Satellite,  change  the  method of  shipment  or
      packing,  or the  place or time of  delivery,  or will  affect  any  other
      requirement  of the  Contract,  shall be  submitted in writing to Customer
      sixty (60) Days prior to the proposed  date of the change.  If such Hughes
      requested  change  causes an  increase  or  decrease in the total price or
      other terms of the Contract, Hughes shall submit a proposal to Customer.

22.2  Customer  shall notify  Hughes in writing,  within  thirty (30) Days after
      receipt of the requested change  proposal,  whether or not Customer agrees
      with and accepts such change and the  price/schedule  impact  thereof.  If
      Customer agrees with and accepts Hughes'  requested  change,  Hughes shall
      proceed with the  performance  of the Contract as changed and an amendment
      to the  Contract  reflecting  the  change  proposal  shall  be  issued  in
      accordance  with  Paragraph  35.5. If Customer does not agree with Hughes'
      requested  change,  the Parties shall  attempt to reach  agreement on such
      change.  In the event the  Parties are unable to reach  agreement  on such
      change or price adjustment, if any, or both, Hughes shall proceed with the
      performance of the Contract, as unchanged.

22.3  Customer may submit to Hughes any changes requested by Customer during the
      performance  of the  Contract,  within the general  scope of the Contract,
      which will add or delete Work, affect the design of the Satellite,  change
      the method of shipment or packing,  or the place or time of  delivery,  or
      will affect any other requirement of the Contract. Hughes shall respond to
      such  request in writing to  Customer  within  thirty (30) Days after such
      request.  Hughes shall submit to Customer, at the time the response to the
      requested  change is submitted,  the details of the impact of such change.
      Customer  shall notify  Hughes in writing,  within  thirty (30) Days after
      receipt  of Hughes'  response,  whether or not  Customer  agrees  with and
      accepts  Hughes'  response.  If Customer  agrees with and accepts  Hughes'
      response,  Hughes shall  proceed with the  performance  of the Contract as
      changed and an amendment to the Contract  reflecting  such change shall be
      incorporated  


                                      -84-



<PAGE>

      into the Contract in accordance with Paragraph 35.5. If the Parties cannot
      agree on a reasonable  price or revised  Delivery  Schedule or performance
      specification(s)   and  Customer  still  desires  the  requested  changes,
      Customer  shall  request  Hughes to proceed  with the changes and Customer
      will pay the  offered  price and accept the revised  Delivery  Schedule or
      performance  specifications  pending any  decision to the  contrary  under
      Article 30 (Applicable  Law and Dispute  Resolution).  Hughes will proceed
      with the Work and Customer may dispute the  reasonableness of the price or
      revised Delivery Schedule or performance specification(s) under Article 30
      (Applicable Law and Dispute Resolution).





                                      -85-



<PAGE>

ARTICLE 23. PUBLICITY

23.1  From and  after  the  Effective  Date of  Contract  and  until the date of
      Intentional  Ignition,  other  than  disclosures  required  by law,  rule,
      regulation  or  requirements  of  NASDAQ,  the NYSE or any other  national
      securities exchange, any publicity,  news releases,  articles,  brochures,
      advertisements, prepared speeches and other information releases regarding
      the specific financial details of the Contract or proprietary  information
      regarding  the  Work  performed  or to be  performed  hereunder  shall  be
      mutually agreed upon in writing by Hughes and Customer within a reasonable
      time prior to the release of such  information  (such  agreement not to be
      unreasonably  withheld or delayed by either  Party).  This  Paragraph 23.2
      shall not apply to internal  publications or releases not intended for the
      public at large.




                                      -86-



<PAGE>

ARTICLE 24. NOTICES

Any  notices or  requests  or  receipts  required or desired to be given or made
hereunder  shall be in writing and shall be effective if delivered by hand to an
officer of the recipient  Party or sent by  registered  air mail or by facsimile
transmission  or by express  courier  with a reliable  system for  tracking  and
received by the recipient Party, at the address indicated below:

       A.  In respect of Customer, to:

           Orion Asia Pacific Corporation
           2440 Research Boulevard
           Rockville, Maryland  20850        
           Telephone:   (301) 258-8101
           Facsimile:   (301) 258-3300
           Attention:   Richard H. Shay, Esq., Vice President of Corporate  
                        and Legal Affairs
                        Dr. Denis Curtin, Senior Vice President, Engineering 
                        and Satellite Operations of Orion Satellite Corporation

       B.  In respect of Hughes, to:

           Hughes Space and Communications International, Inc.          
           Bldg. S41, M/S A374 
           Post Office Box 92919, Airport Station
           Los Angeles, California 90009 
           Telephone:   (310) 364-9477     
           Facsimile:   (310) 364-9644 
           Attention:   Manager, Contracts

       Any notice or request shall be deemed to have been served if delivered by
       hand, when delivered,  if sent by registered  airmail,  upon receipt,  if
       sent by facsimile transmission, upon receipt if confirmed by telephone or
       otherwise  by the  specific  addressee  (or any officer of the  receiving
       Party) with a copy sent by another  means  authorized by this Article 24,
       and if by express  courier,  upon  receipt.  Either  Party may change its
       address for notices by notice to the other Party in accordance  with this
       Article.





                                      -87-

<PAGE>


ARTICLE 25. INTEGRATION

The  Contract,  together  with the  Annex  and  Exhibits,  contains  the  entire
agreement  between the Parties relating to the subject matter hereof.  All prior
understandings,  representations  and warranties  (including  those contained in
sales,  promotional  and/or  marketing  materials)  by and between the  Parties,
written or oral,  which may be related to the subject  matter hereof in any way,
are superseded by the Contract.








                                      -88-



<PAGE>


ARTICLE 26. ASSIGNMENT OR CHANGE IN OWNERSHIP OR CONTROL


26.1  Neither  Party shall assign or transfer the Contract or any of its rights,
      duties or  obligations  hereunder to any person or entity,  in whole or in
      part, without the prior written consent of the other Party (which approval
      shall not be unreasonably  withheld or unduly  delayed).  However,  either
      Party may assign or  transfer  any of its  rights,  duties or  obligations
      under the Contract, either in whole or in part, to its parent company or a
      subsidiary  in which  the  assigning  Party  has a  controlling  interest,
      provided always that the assigning Party shall remain  secondarily  liable
      with respect to performance of all duties and obligations set forth in the
      Contract, including compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.

26.2  Notwithstanding  Paragraph  26.1,  either Party may assign the Contract or
      any  rights,  duties  or  obligations  hereunder  to any  person or entity
      acquiring  all or  substantially  all the  assets of that  Party  (through
      merger or stock or asset acquisition) provided that:

      A.    Its  successor  or  assignee   possesses  the  financial  and  other
            resources to fulfill that Party's  obligations  under the  Contract;
            and

      B.    Any such  assignment  or  transfer  shall not  jeopardize  the other
            Party's data rights or violate laws related to export or  technology
            transfer.

      The assigning  Party shall  reimburse  the other Party for all  reasonable
      expenses  incurred by the other Party (and invoiced in reasonable  detail)
      in  obtaining  advice  from its  external  financial  and  legal  advisors
      relating to the assigning Party's proposed assignment or transfer.

26.3  Any  assignment  or transfer of the Contract by either Party or any direct
      or indirect  change in control of  Customer or Hughes  shall be subject to
      Paragraph 21.10 relating to proprietary information.

26.4  The Contract shall be binding upon the Parties hereto and their successors
      and permitted assigns.


                                      -89-

<PAGE>

ARTICLE 27. SEVERABILITY

In the event any one or more of the  provisions of the Contract  shall,  for any
reason, be held to be invalid or unenforceable,  the remaining provisions of the
Contract shall be unimpaired,  and the invalid or unenforceable  provision shall
be  replaced  by  a  mutually  acceptable  provision,  which,  being  valid  and
enforceable,  comes  closest to the  intention  of the  Parties  underlying  the
invalid or unenforceable provision.








                                      -90-





<PAGE>





ARTICLE 28. CORRECTIVE MEASURES IN UNLAUNCHED SATELLITES

28.1  Notwithstanding  Paragraph  28.4 and without  limiting the  obligations of
      Hughes under other provisions of the Contract,  if the data available from
      an HS 601 HP or HS 601  satellite  model  shows  that  there is a material
      deficiency in the design or manufacture  of such satellite  model that, in
      the  opinion  of  Hughes,  could  adversely  affect  one or  both  of such
      satellite  models,  Hughes  shall  notify  Customer  of any such  material
      deficiency  coming to Hughes'  attention and shall,  promptly upon written
      request of Customer,  take appropriate corrective measures to the Work, at
      Hughes' own expense, with respect to the Satellite so as to eliminate from
      the Satellite all the material deficiencies  discovered in the Satellite's
      model.

28.2  If there is a mutually  agreed-to  change in the  natural  environment  to
      which  the  Satellite  will be  subjected  in  orbit,  Hughes  shall  take
      corrective  measures as Hughes  deems  appropriate  in  consultation  with
      Customer.

28.3  If Hughes,  in accordance with this Article_28,  replaces any equipment or
      any part which was determined to be deficient, such deficient equipment or
      part shall remain or become the property of Hughes.

28.4  Nothing in this Article 28  requires Hughes to disclose in-orbit data from
      satellites owned by others.





                                      -91-

<PAGE>





ARTICLE 29. CUSTOMER'S RESPONSIBILITIES

29.1  The  responsibilities of Customer,  which will be discharged at no cost to
      Hughes  or  Hughes'  Affiliates  or  Subcontractors,  are as set  forth in
      Exhibit A (Statement of Work) and below.

      A.    Customer will provide Beneficial Access to Hughes and its Affiliates
            and  Subcontractors at each Satellite Control Facility,  on a timely
            basis,  as necessary to permit Hughes to (i) deliver the SCE as soon
            as it is Available  for  Shipment  and (ii) perform its  obligations
            under the Contract with respect to the SCE.

      B.    In  addition  to,  and  without  limiting  the  generality  of,  the
            foregoing, Customer will be responsible for the following:

            (1) Providing all civil works utilities and  environmental  controls
                associated with any Satellite Control Facility; and
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                             <C>
            (2) In the event  Customer  exercises the [                ]  option*
                described in Paragraph 33.1.C,  ensuring that the Ground Control
                Facility   located  in  Rockville,   Maryland  has   [         ]*
                Software; and

            (3) Furnishing    two   (2)   [                                    ]*
                [                  ] units; and                                 *

            (4) Furnishing all governmental  approvals and licenses necessary to
                send [                                                         ]*
                [          ]; and                                               *
</TABLE>

            (5) Obtaining  Launch  Insurance  prior  to  Intentional   Ignition.
                Customer  shall provide  Hughes a certificate  of such insurance
                coverage at Hughes' request.

      C.    Customer shall provide  written  notification  to Hughes as early as
            practicable  as to the  identity/nationality  of its  employees  and
            Consultant(s) and subsequent  changes, 

                                      -92-                                     


<PAGE>



            if any. It is  recognized  that  certain  United  States  Government
            approvals may be required  before such  employees and  Consultant(s)
            have access to Work pursuant to the provisions of Article 12 (Access
            to  Work-in-Progress  and Data),  and that the  processing  time for
            obtaining such approvals could take a few months.

      D.    Customer  is  responsible  for  obtaining  the  necessary  Specified
            Orbital  Location,   frequency  spectrum  and  other  approvals  and
            licenses to operate the ORION 3 Satellite  Program.  Customer agrees
            to indemnify Hughes for, and hold Hughes harmless against, any loss,
            damage,  liability or expense  (including  attorney's fees and other
            expenses of  investigating or defending  claims)  resulting from any
            claims  made by any party as a result of the  Customer's  failure to
            perform its responsibilities under this Paragraph 29.1.D.

29.2  If the Customer-furnished  items and/or responsibilities are not available
      at the time scheduled or not suitable for the intended purpose, in lieu of
      actual  damages,  Customer  shall  pay to  Hughes  all  expenses  directly
      resulting from such delay, such expenses actually and reasonably  incurred
      (and  invoiced to Customer in  reasonable  detail) plus a profit of twelve
      and one half  percent  (12.5%)  on such costs and any  affected  Scheduled
      Delivery  Date for the Work shall be  extended to permit  Hughes  adequate
      time to perform its obligations under the Contract.



                                      -93-


<PAGE>

ARTICLE 30. APPLICABLE LAW AND DISPUTE RESOLUTION

30.1  The Contract and any performance or non-performance  related thereto shall
      be interpreted and construed,  governed and enforced under the laws of the
      State of New York,  U.S.A.,  without giving effect to its conflict of laws
      principles. The UN Convention on the International Sale of Goods shall not
      be applicable.

30.2  If,  during the course of  performance  or  non-performance  hereunder,  a
      dispute arises between Customer and Hughes as to the rights or obligations
      of either Party under the Contract (or resulting from an alleged breach of
      the Contract),  either Party may give written notice of its objections and
      the reasons therefor and may recommend corrective action.  Hughes' Program
      Manager  shall  consult with  Customer's  Program  Manager in an effort to
      reach a mutual agreement to overcome such objections.  In the event mutual
      agreement cannot be reached, the respective positions of the Parties shall
      be forwarded to the  representatives of each Party at the Senior Executive
      Level,  for  discussion,  and such persons  shall  attempt to reach mutual
      agreement.

30.3  If the Parties are unable to resolve the dispute  through  such  mediation
      and  conciliation,  or if neither  Party  desires to pursue  mediation and
      conciliation,  such dispute may be referred on the  application  of either
      Party for final  determination  to an  arbitration  tribunal  convened  in
      accordance  with  the  Commercial   Arbitration   Rules  of  the  American
      Arbitration  Association,  which  arbitration  shall be conducted by three
      arbitrators  in the English  language.  Each Party  shall  appoint one (1)
      arbitrator and the third shall be appointed by the two (2)  arbitrators so
      previously appointed.

30.4  The place of arbitration shall be in New York, New York,  U.S.A.,  and all
      matters in dispute shall be determined in accordance  with the  applicable
      law specified in Paragraph 30.1.

30.5  The following time limits shall be observed in respect of any  arbitration
      held pursuant to this Article:

                                      -94-

<PAGE>



            (1) each Party shall appoint its arbitrator  within ten (10) days of
                receipt of a demand for arbitration;

            (2) the  two  (2)  appointed   arbitrators  shall  appoint  a  third
                arbitrator  within a  further  twenty  (20)  days  from the time
                stipulated in Article 15.2(f)(1) (unless the two (2) arbitrators
                agree to an extension  not to exceed an  additional  (20) days);
                and

            (3) any decision by the arbitrators referred to shall be made within
                six  (6)  months  from  the  date  on  which  a  Party   demands
                arbitration  or within such extended  period as the  arbitrators
                may unanimously allow.

30.6  Except as  specifically  set forth in this  Article  30, the  election  of
      either Party to proceed with  arbitration  under this Article 30 shall not
      change the rights or obligations  of each Party as otherwise  stated under
      this Contract.

30.7  The arbitral tribunal shall award prejudgment  interest on any amount that
      the  tribunal  determines  is owing  from one  Party  to the  other,  such
      interest to be calculated  at an annual rate equal to the Chase  Manhattan
      Prime Rate then in effect for each day from forty-five (45) days following
      the date of loss or from the date of the filing for arbitration, whichever
      is the earlier, unless the date full payment is made.

30.8  The award  rendered by the  arbitration  tribunal shall be binding on both
      Parties and shall be enforceable  by any court of competent  jurisdiction.
      The  cost  of  arbitration,   including  the  fees  and  expenses  of  the
      arbitrators,  will be shared  equally  by the  Parties,  unless  the award
      otherwise  provides.  Each  Party  shall  bear the cost of  preparing  and
      presenting its own case, until the award otherwise provides.

30.9  Notwithstanding anything else contained herein, the Parties agree that (i)
      it is to their  mutual  advantage  to resolve any such dispute in a timely
      manner,  (ii)  the  arbitral  hearing  shall  be  commenced  promptly  and
      conducted  expeditiously  and (iii) with respect to any dispute  regarding
      the  Satellite or Launch  Services,  payment or nonpayment by Customer 


                                      -95-


                                       
<PAGE>


      or Hughes' remedies upon a default or termination,  time is of the essence
      in the resolution of such dispute.

30.10 Any  arbitration  proceeding  held  pursuant  to this  Article 30 shall be
      governed  exclusively  by the  United  States  Arbitration  Act,  9 U.S.C.
      Section 1, et seq.




                                      -96-








<PAGE>

ARTICLE 31. PERFORMANCE COMMENCEMENT DATE
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                             <C>
Pursuant to the ATP and the  payment by Customer to Hughes on December  16, 1996
of the sum of [                                          ]  (receipt of which is*
hereby  acknowledged  by Hughes),  Hughes  commenced  performance of the Work as
defined in the ATP on December 16, 1996.
</TABLE>

Hughes  shall  commence  performance  of the Work under this  Contract,  and the
Performance  Commencement  Date (PCD) in respect of the Work under this Contract
shall be deemed to be December 16, 1996,  provided both of the following  events
have occurred:

          A.  The Contract is duly signed by both Parties; and

          B.  Hughes is in  receipt  of the Sum of Eight  Million  U.S.  Dollars
              (U.S.  $8,000,000)  no later than close of  business  January  16,
              1997.




                                      -97-                                     


<PAGE>





ARTICLE 32. STORAGE

32.1  Upon six (6) months prior written notification by Customer that it desires
      to place a  Satellite  and  related  equipment  into  storage  after  such
      Satellite is Available for Shipment, Hughes shall:

      A.    Within  forty-five (45) Days  thereafter  submit a price proposal to
            Customer  outlining  a plan for  storage in the  Continental  United
            States,  including  transportation,  periodic  Satellite testing and
            maintenance of batteries; and

      B.    Specify  to  Customer  the  storage   arrangements   that  would  be
            acceptable to Hughes, including Hughes' storage terms.

      Upon agreement  between  Customer and Hughes as to Hughes'  proposal,  the
      Satellite and related equipment shall be delivered by Hughes to the agreed
      storage site, and the Contract shall be amended pursuant to Paragraph 22.3
      and Paragraph 35.5.

32.2  In the event  Customer gives Hughes less than six (6) months prior written
      notice of its desire to place the Satellite in storage,  Customer shall be
      obligated to reimburse Hughes for any nonrefundable deposits or reasonable
      expenses  actually  incurred  by  Hughes  (and  invoiced  to  Customer  in
      reasonable  detail)  (i) in order to  arrange  for  transportation  of the
      Satellite to the  Designated  Launch Site or (ii) to prepare the Satellite
      for Launch at the Designated Launch Site.

32.3  Six (6) months prior to the Scheduled Launch Date for a stored  Satellite,
      Customer shall, by notice in writing, order Hughes to remove the Satellite
      from  storage  and  deliver  the   Satellite  in  orbit   subject  to  the
      availability  of a Launch  Vehicle.  The cost of shipping of the Satellite
      and related  equipment from the storage facility to the Designated  Launch
      Site shall be borne by  Customer  to the extent such cost plus the cost of
      shipping the  Satellite  and related  equipment  from Hughes' plant to the
      Designated  


                                      -98-



<PAGE>



      Launch  Site  exceed  the  cost of  shipping  the  Satellite  and  related
      equipment from Hughes' plant to the Designated Launch Site, in addition to
      any charges which become the  obligation of Customer per the provisions of
      Article 6 (Launch Vehicle Delays).

32.4  If a Satellite is Available  for  Shipment but (i) the  Designated  Launch
      Site is not  available or ready to receive  shipment of the  Satellite for
      whatever reasons (e.g.,  Beneficial  Access to the Designated  Launch Site
      has  not  been  provided)  and  (ii)  Customer  has not  provided  for the
      Satellite to be delivered  into storage in accordance  with the provisions
      of this  Article,  Hughes,  at its option,  may deliver the  Satellite and
      related  equipment into storage either at Hughes' own facilities or at the
      facilities  of a  third  party.  The  costs  of  storage,  transportation,
      periodic  Satellite  testing and  maintenance  of batteries as well as all
      other  reasonable  costs  associated  with such storage  shall be borne by
      Customer.

32.5  If a  Satellite  is  ordered  to be  launched  later  than six (6)  months
      following  its  Available  for Shipment  date for reasons not the fault of
      Hughes or any Affiliate or Subcontractor of Hughes, it is agreed that such
      Satellite shall, upon Hughes' request,  be returned at Customer's expense,
      to Hughes'  facility for  inspection and  refurbishment.  The cost of such
      inspection,  including any  shipping,  handling or storage  costs,  plus a
      twelve and one-half  percent  (12.5%)  profit  thereon,  shall be borne by
      Customer. Any refurbishment  undertaken by Hughes to meet the requirements
      of Article 14  (Warranty),  as  applicable,  shall be at Hughes'  expense,
      provided that, in the event Customer contracts with a third party to store
      the  Satellite,  Customer has caused the  Satellite to be  maintained in a
      storage environment suitable for prevention of deterioration,  and further
      provided  that said  Satellite has not been damaged while in storage or in
      transit.  In the event Customer  contracts with a third party to store the
      Satellite,  if such Satellite has not been properly maintained or has been
      damaged in storage or in transit,  the cost of repair of such disrepair or
      damage and all  transportation  and related  costs,  plus a twelve and one
      half  percent  (12.5%)  profit,  shall be borne and paid for by  Customer.
      Hughes may elect to perform inspection and refurbishment at the Designated
      Launch Site. If a warranty  period as stated in Article 14 (Warranty)  has
      expired,  then replacement or refurbishment of the Satellite shall be paid
      for by Customer.

                                      -99-


                                       
<PAGE>



32.6  If a  Satellite  has not been  launched  within  five (5) years  after its
      Available for Shipment date and Hughes is otherwise not in default, then

            (1) Subject to (4) below,  Hughes  shall be  entitled to receive all
                payments  which are due and owing,  and Hughes shall be entitled
                to retain without obligation all payments previously made.

            (2) Subject  to (4) below,  neither  Party  shall  have any  further
                obligations to the other Party under the Contract, provided that
                Customer  has  met  its  obligations  under  the  Contract,  and
                Customer shall have title to the Satellite.

            (3) Customer  shall be  responsible  for and shall pay all sales tax
                associated   with  the  transfer  of  title  to  the  Satellite.
                Disposition of the Satellite  shall be at the option of Customer
                with the  costs  of such  disposition  to be  borne by  Customer
                subject  to  Article  7  (Permits   and   Licenses:   Government
                Approvals).  Hughes  shall  have no  liability  in the  event an
                export license is not issued for the benefit of Customer.

            (4) With respect to Launch Services, Customer shall notify Hughes in
                writing  whether it desires  to retain  the Launch  Services  or
                whether it desires  for Hughes to resell the Launch  Services in
                accordance with Paragraph 17.1.F,  such notice to be provided to
                Hughes  within  eighteen  (18) months  after the initial  Launch
                Date. If Customer  desires to launch the  Satellite  within such
                eighteen  (18)  month   period,   then  Hughes  shall  use  best
                reasonable  efforts  to  arrange  with the  Launch  Provider  to
                provide Launch  Services  within such eighteen (18) month period
                and Customer  shall be obligated to pay launch delay expenses as
                specified in, and in accordance with, Article 6.

32.7  Notwithstanding  anything to the contrary  contained  herein, in the event
      Customer,  due to the fault of Hughes, any of its  Subcontractors  (except
      the  Launch  Provider)  or any of  its  Affiliates,  elects  to  have  the
      Satellite placed in storage,  then the costs of such storage,  
     
                                      -100-



<PAGE>


      shipment of the Satellite and related  equipment from the storage facility
      to the Designated Launch Site, periodic Satellite testing,  maintenance of
      the batteries,  inspection  and  refurbishment  of the Satellite  shall be
      borne by Hughes.






                                     -101-


<PAGE>

ARTICLE 33. OPTIONS

33.1  Hughes  hereby  grants to  Customer  the  options  set  forth  below to be
      exercised at  Customer's  sole  discretion  in  accordance  with the terms
      specified for each option.

      A.    Transponder Specifications
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                             <C>
            Customer  may  make  minor  modifications  to the  Transponder  beam
            connectivities,  frequencies  and beam coverages up to and including
            [                ]. Customer may define final antenna contours up to*
            and including [            ].                                       *

      B.    Korean Backup TT&C Capability

            Hughes will provide,  at Customer's  request, a backup TT&C facility
            at a location specified by Customer in the Republic of Korea. Hughes
            will provide to Customer a proposal for such facility by January 31,
            1997.  The  proposal  will  provide  a  description  of  a  facility
            essentially  similar  to the  TT&C  facility  at the  [         ] in*
            [                ].  The  proposal  will  include [                ]*
            [              ]  equipment  along  with all  required  software.  A*
            communications  network  will also be supplied to connect the Korean
            station to the primary Satellite Control Facility.  Such items shall
            be delivered Customer  Insurance Freight (CIF), Seoul  International
            Airport,  Republic of Korea (Incoterms 1990). The proposal will also
            include other  equipment as requested by Customer to be delivered at
            a location to be  specified  by  Customer.  The  proposal  will also
            include pricing by functional capability,  and the total price shall
            not exceed [                                                       ]*
            [         ]   Customer must exercise this option no later than [   ]*
            [      ] to ensure the Korean  TT&C  facilities  operational  at the*
            time of Final Acceptance of the Satellite.
</TABLE>




                                     -102-                                    


<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                             <C>
      C.    TT&C [     ] Software                                               *

            By January 31,  1997,  Hughes will provide to Customer a proposal to
            replace the  baseline,  legacy TT&C  software  system to be provided
            under the  Contract  with a [                ]-based  TT&C  software*
            system for the HS 601 HP series of satellites  (the "[   ] HS 601 HP*
            TT&C Software") now under  development at Hughes.  The proposal will
            be  based  upon  the  assumption   that  Customer  will  install  at
            Customer's  Rockville site a [                ]  based TT&C software*
            system for Customer's  existing Matra Marconi Space (MMS)  satellite
            (the  "[ ]  TT&C  Software")  under  separate  contract  with  [   ]*
            [         ].   The  proposal  will  include  pricing  and  technical*
            specifications  for  the  following  three  options:  (i)  upgrading
            Customer's  [ ] TT&C  Software with those modules of [   ] HS 601 HP*
            TT&C   Software   necessary  for  operation  of  the  Satellite  and
            installing such upgraded software at Customer's  Rockville and Mount
            Jackson  sites,  (ii)  upgrading  Customer's  [ ] TT&C Software with*
            those  modules  of  [   ]  HS 601 HP  TT&C  Software  necessary  for*
            operation of the Satellite and installing such upgraded  software at
            the [   ] site in  [       ]  (or other site  specified by Customer)*
            and, if approved by Customer,  a site in the Republic of Korea,  and
            (iii)  providing and installing the [   ] HS 601 HP TT&C Software at*
            the [   ] site in  [       ]  (or other site  specified by Customer)*
            and, if approved by Customer,  a site in the Republic of Korea.  The
            pricing in the proposal  shall  account for the savings  realized by
            Hughes in not providing the legacy TT&C software  system included in
            the Contract Price.
</TABLE>

      D.    Launch Insurance.

            Upon Customer's request and in Customer's behalf, Hughes shall place
            Launch Insurance for the Satellite. The Parties acknowledge that the
            Delta  III  is a new  launch  vehicle.  Hughes  estimates  that  the
            insurance rate for the initial Delta III launch will be in the range
            of eighteen percent to twenty-one  percent (18% to 21%). The Parties
            understand  that Hughes cannot  guarantee its ability to obtain 

                                     -103-                                    


     
<PAGE>


            such  insurance at such rates (or any  insurance,  whether or not at
            commercially  reasonable  rates),  and  Hughes  shall  be  under  no
            liability to Customer or any third party  whatsoever for its failure
            to do so. In the event Hughes obtains Launch Insurance for Customer,
            Hughes  shall  provide  such  Launch  Insurance  to  Customer  on  a
            pass-through basis,  provided,  however, that (i) Hughes will not be
            obligated  to pay the  underwriters  of the Launch  Insurance  until
            after it has  received the premium  payment  from  Customer and (ii)
            Hughes   shall  be  entitled  to  a  payment  for  its  general  and
            administrative  costs in procuring the Launch Insurance,  such costs
            not to exceed two percent (2%) of the cost of the Launch Insurance.

      E.    Option Satellite

                  (1)      Hughes agrees to provide  Customer with an additional
                           satellite ("Option Satellite") of design identical to
                           the  Satellite,   which  Option  Satellite  shall  be
                           delivered in orbit within  nineteen (19) months after
                           order  for  One  Hundred  Eighty-Three  Million  U.S.
                           Dollars (U.S. $ 183,000,000).  This option is subject
                           to the following conditions:  (i) in no case will the
                           Option Satellite be launched earlier than April 1999;
                           (ii) design  changes in the Option  Satellite  may be
                           ordered  by  Customer  prior to  order of the  Option
                           Satellite,  said  changes  may  modify  the price and
                           change the delivery schedule; and (iii) the provision
                           of launch services for the Option  Satellite shall be
                           subject to the provisions of sub-paragraph (6) below.
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                             <C>
                  (2)      In addition,  Customer may delay  ordering the Option
                           Satellite until fifteen (15) months prior to in-orbit
                           delivery;  provided (i) Customer places the order for
                           such  satellite  any  time  during  the  period  from
                           November  15,  1998 to March 15,  1999 and (ii) for a
                           commitment  for  a  position  on  Hughes'   satellite
                           production line and for certain  long-lead  inventory
                           items (to be  discussed  by the Parties and set forth
                           in  Exhibit  H  no  later  than   December  31,  1997
                           ("Long-Lead Inventory Items")),  Customer orders such
                           Items on or before  July 15, 1998 and pays Hughes [ ]*
                           [                   ]                                *
</TABLE>

      

                                      -104-                                    
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                             <C>
                           [           ] in accordance with the payment schedule*
                           set forth in Table 33.1.F.(2).

                                    
                                 Table 33.1.F(2)

   Payload  Long-Lead  Inventory Item Payment  Schedule for a 15-Month  Delivery
   In-Orbit Where the Satellite  Order is Placed During the Period  November 15,
   1998 to March 15, 1999



July 15, 1998                                             [       ]
August 21, 1998                                           [       ]
September 30, 1998                                        [       ]
October 31, 1998                                          [       ]             *
November 30, 1998                                         [       ]
                                                          ----------

TOTAL                                                     [       ]

                  (3)      In addition,  for an  additional  sum of [          ]*
                           [                              ],  paid in accordance*
                           with  Table  33.1.F(3),  Hughes  agrees to extend the
                           Option  Satellite  order date  specified in (2) above
                           from March 15, 1999 to December 31, 1999.

                                 Table 33.1.F(3)

    Bus  Long-Lead  Inventory  Payment Schedule to Extend the 15-Month  Delivery
         Option Satellite Order Date From March 15, 1999 to December 31, 1999



August 31, 1998                                           [       ]
September 30, 1998                                        [       ]             *
October 31, 1998                                          [       ]
November 30, 1998                                         [       ]
                                                          ----------

TOTAL                                                     [       ]

</TABLE>


                                     -105-                                     
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                             <C>
                  (4)      In  addition,  Hughes  agrees to permit  Customer  to
                           delay ordering the Option Satellite until twelve (12)
                           months  prior  to  in-orbit  delivery;  provided  (i)
                           Customer  places the order for such satellite  during
                           the period  November  15, 1998 and March 15, 1999 and
                           (ii) for Payload and Bus Long-Lead  Inventory  Items,
                           Customer  orders  such  items on or before  April 15,
                           1998 and pays Hughes  [                             ]*
                           [                 ]  in  accordance  with the payment*
                           schedule set forth in Table 33.1.F.(4).

                                 Table 33.1.F(4)

   Payload and Bus  Long-Lead  Inventory  Item  Payment  Schedule for a 12-Month
   Delivery  In-Orbit  Where the  Satellite  Order is Placed  During  the Period
   November 15, 1998 to March 15, 1999




April 15, 1998                                            [       ]
May 31, 1998                                              [       ]
June 30, 1998                                             [       ]
July 31, 1998                                             [       ]             *
August 31,1998                                            [       ]
September 30, 1998                                        [       ]
October 31, 1998                                          [       ]
November 30, 1998                                         [       ]

TOTAL                                                     [       ]

</TABLE>

                  (5)      All  payments  for  Payload   and/or  Bus   Long-Lead
                           Inventory Items (specified in (2), (3) and (4) above)
                           shall  be  applied  against  the  total  price of One
                           Hundred   Eighty-Three  Million  U.S.  Dollars  (U.S.
                           $183,000,000) for the Option Satellite.



                                     -106-                                     
<PAGE>

                  (6)      In the event Customer orders an Option Satellite as a
                           replacement Satellite for a failed launch,  McDonnell
                           Douglas  has  agreed to use best  efforts to launch a
                           replacement satellite within twelve (12) months after
                           such  failure,  subject  to its  obligation  to  give
                           priority to U.S.  government  launches.  In the event
                           Customer  orders  an Option  Satellite  that is not a
                           replacement   satellite,   Hughes   shall   use  best
                           reasonable  efforts  to  obtain  a Delta  III  launch
                           vehicle  meeting the above delivery  schedule for the
                           Option Satellite.  Where a Delta III is not available
                           and the Option Satellite is not a replacement for the
                           Satellite,  the  price  shall  be  adjusted  for  the
                           difference  in cost  between  the  Delta  III and the
                           selected  launch  vehicle,  which  vehicle  shall  be
                           acceptable to Customer.

                  (7)      Hughes   shall   furnish  the  Option   Satellite  in
                           accordance  with the provisions of the documents that
                           constitute the Contract. Except as otherwise required
                           by the terms of this Paragraph  33.1.F,  the contract
                           terms for the Option  Satellite  will be identical to
                           the  Contract,   provided,   however,   the  delivery
                           schedule  shall be adjusted,  if  necessary,  for the
                           later timeframe of the Option  Satellite and the risk
                           elements (e.g.,  liquidated damages for late delivery
                           and performance  incentives) shall be adjusted to the
                           change in price from the Satellite so as to represent
                           the same percentage risk.

                   (8)     Where  Customer makes any payments for Payload and/or
                           Long-Lead Inventory Items but Customer fails to order
                           the  Option  Satellite  during  the  applicable  time
                           specified in this  Paragraph  33.1.F,  the option for
                           the Option Satellite shall no longer be effective and
                           Hughes shall deliver to Customer,  within thirty (30)
                           days after the  expiration  date of the  option,  the
                           Payload Long-Lead Inventory Items purchased with such
                           payments.


                                     -107-

<PAGE>





         F.       Ku-Band 2 Repeater Linearized Transponders
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                             <C>
         Hughes will,  at  Customer's  direction,  modify the Ku Band 2 Repeater
         payload to add a  [        ]  to each of three (3)  Transponders.  Such*
         [         ]  shall meet performance  specifications  to be specified by*
         Hughes no later than thirty  (30) days after  Customer  exercises  this
         option,   such   specifications  to  be  compatible  with  the  general
         communications requirements set forth in Sections 3.3, 9.7, 8, and 9 of
         Exhibit B (Satellite  Technical  Specifications)  without degrading the
         performance  specified in Appendix A of Exhibit B (Satellite  Technical
         Specifications).1 This change will provide two (2) operating linearized
         channels  and one (1)  spare  linearized  channel.  The  price for this
         option, including hardware,  engineering,  testing, etc. is Two Million
         Two Hundred  Thousand U.S. Dollars (U.S.  $2,200,000).  For this price,
         Customer  may, in its  discretion,  choose  either of the following two
         options:

                  (1)      The  addition of Hughes  [                          ]*
                           [           ] to the Ku-Band 2 Repeater Transponders.*
                           This  addition  will  increase  the  dry  mass of the
                           Satellite by [ ], and cause a corresponding reduction*
                           in the Operational  Lifetime of the Satellite of five
                           (5) months.  This addition will have no impact on the
                           Scheduled Delivery Date of the Satellite ; or

                  (2)      The   replacement  of  the  existing  [             ]*
                           [             ] in each  Transponder of the Ku-Band 2*
                           Repeater  with a single  linearized  amplifier  unit.
                           This  change  will  have no impact on the dry mass or
                           Operational Lifetime of the Satellite, but will delay
                           the delivery of the Satellite two (2) months.

         Customer must exercise this option no later than January 31, 1997.

         G.       Designation of Primary Command & Control Site

         The Contract  baseline  calls for Hughes to provide one complete set of
         hardware and software for one TT&C site Telemetry  Tracking and Control
         ("TT&C") ([     ] in                                                   *
</TABLE>



                                     -108-                                     

<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<S>                                                                             <C>
         [         ] and  one (1) set of SCE at  Customer's  site in  Rockville,*
         Maryland.  Currently,  the [   ] site is designated as the primary TT&C*
         site and primary  Satellite  Control Facility and the Rockville site is
         designated as the backup Satellite Control Facility.  Provided Customer
         notifies Hughes by June 15, 1997,  Customer may change the primary TT&C
         and primary Satellite Control Facility site designations from the [   ]*
         site to a site  specified  by  Customer.  The  Parties  agree  that the
         performance  of the command  link will need to be  reanalyzed  if it is
         relocated  from  [       ].  The Parties  further agree that a possible*
         result  of such  analyses  may be  changes  to  Exhibits  B  (Technical
         Specifications) and E (Ground Segment).
</TABLE>

33.2     Except  as  otherwise  provided  in  Paragraph  33.1.E,  the  terms and
         conditions of the Contract shall apply to the options.

33.3     Should Customer exercise any or all of the options described above, the
         Parties shall amend the Contract in accordance  with  Paragraph 35.5 as
         soon as is reasonably possible after option exercise to incorporate the
         schedule  adjustments,  price  adjustments  (which shall be  considered
         Progress Payments,  time-phased  accordingly,  and incorporated into an
         amended  Exhibit  F as  appropriate),  and  changes  to  the  technical
         exhibits  and  other  Contract  terms  and  conditions  which  are made
         necessary by such exercise.



                                     -109-                                     

<PAGE>





ARTICLE 34.                LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

34.1     Hughes makes no warranty or  agreement,  express or implied,  to or for
         the benefit of any person or entity other than Customer  concerning the
         performance of the Satellite or any other matters  relating to the Work
         hereunder.  Customer shall  indemnify and hold harmless  Hughes and its
         Affiliates  and  Subcontractors  from and  against  any  loss,  damage,
         liability or expense  (including  attorneys' fees and other expenses of
         investigating   or   defending   claims)   resulting   from   (i)   any
         representation  made by  Customer  to any third  party  relating to the
         Work;  (ii) any  claim of  Persons  dealing  with or  through  Customer
         (including  customers or insurers) or any agency or other  governmental
         authority of Customer's  Country; or (iii) any other claims relating to
         the Satellite and arising after Launch of the Satellite. Customer shall
         obtain from its  insurers  waivers of any  subrogation  rights  against
         Hughes or its Affiliates or Subcontractors,  and shall provide evidence
         of such waivers to Hughes prior to Launch of the Satellite.

34.2     THE PARTIES TO THE CONTRACT  EXPRESSLY  RECOGNIZE THAT COMMERCIAL SPACE
         VENTURES INVOLVE SUBSTANTIAL RISKS AND RECOGNIZE THE COMMERCIAL NEED TO
         DEFINE,  APPORTION AND LIMIT  CONTRACTUALLY ALL OF THE RISKS ASSOCIATED
         WITH THIS  COMMERCIAL  SPACE  VENTURE.  THE PAYMENTS AND OTHER REMEDIES
         EXPRESSLY  SET  FORTH  IN  THE  CONTRACT  FULLY  REFLECT  THE  PARTIES'
         NEGOTIATIONS,  INTENTIONS  AND  BARGAINED-FOR  ALLOCATION  OF THE RISKS
         ASSOCIATED WITH COMMERCIAL SPACE VENTURES.

         THE  WARRANTY  OBLIGATIONS  OF HUGHES AND THE REMEDIES  AGAINST  HUGHES
         THEREFOR  WHICH ARE  EXPRESSLY  SET FORTH IN ARTICLE 14 OF THE CONTRACT
         ARE EXCLUSIVE AND ARE IN SUBSTITUTION OF ANY OTHER WARRANTIES,  EXPRESS
         OR  IMPLIED  (INCLUDING  ANY  STATUTORY   WARRANTIES  SUCH  AS  IMPLIED
         WARRANTIES  OF  MERCHANTABILITY  AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR  PURPOSE)
         WHICH ARE EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED. CUSTOMER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES,
         AND



                                     -110-

<PAGE>

         HUGHES' SOLE OBLIGATIONS FOR (i) ANY BREACH OF THE CONTRACT,  INCLUDING
         DELAY OR DEFAULT; (ii) ANY DEFECT, NON-CONFORMANCE OR DEFICIENCY IN ANY
         WORK UNDER THE CONTRACT OR IN ANY INFORMATION,  INSTRUCTIONS,  SERVICES
         OR OTHER THINGS PROVIDED  PURSUANT TO THE CONTRACT;  OR (iii) ANY OTHER
         CLAIMS WHATSOEVER ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE CONTRACT AND/OR THE
         TRANSACTIONS  CONTEMPLATED  HEREBY  (WHETHER  DENOMINATED  AS CONTRACT,
         TORT,  EQUITABLE,  STATUTORY OR ANY OTHER TYPE OF CLAIM) ARE LIMITED TO
         THOSE  SET  FORTH  IN  ARTICLES  5  (SATELLITE   PERFORMANCE  INCENTIVE
         PAYMENTS),   11   (LIQUIDATED   DAMAGES   FOR   DELAY),   14   (HUGHES'
         REPRESENTATIONS,   WARRANTIES  AND  COVENANTS),  17  (TERMINATION),  19
         (PATENT INDEMNIFICATION) AND 39 (INDEMNIFICATION) HEREOF; AND ALL OTHER
         REMEDIES  OR  RECOURSE   AGAINST  HUGHES  OF  ANY  KIND  ARE  EXPRESSLY
         DISCLAIMED AND FOREVER WAIVED BY CUSTOMER.

         HUGHES SHALL NOT, UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, UNDER ANY WARRANTY (EXPRESS,
         IMPLIED,  OR  STATUTORY)  OR UNDER ANY THEORY OF  LIABILITY  (INCLUDING
         NEGLIGENCE,  TORT,  STRICT  LIABILITY,  CONTRACT,  OR  OTHER  LEGAL  OR
         EQUITABLE   THEORY)  HAVE  ANY  LIABILITY  TO  CUSTOMER  OR  CUSTOMER'S
         CUSTOMERS  OR TO  ANYONE  ELSE FOR ANY  SPECIAL,  CONSEQUENTIAL  AND/OR
         INCIDENTAL  DAMAGES,  WHETHER  OR NOT  FORESEEABLE,  INCLUDING  BUT NOT
         LIMITED TO LOST REVENUES OR PROFITS, COST OF CAPITAL, OR ANY OTHER FORM
         OF  ECONOMIC  LOSS  RESULTING  FROM ANY BREACH OF THE  CONTRACT OR WITH
         RESPECT  TO  ANY  DEFECT,   NON-CONFORMANCE   OR   DEFICIENCY   IN  ANY
         INFORMATION,  INSTRUCTIONS,  SERVICES OR OTHER THINGS PROVIDED PURSUANT
         TO THE CONTRACT.

34.3     The  Limitations  of Liability set forth herein shall also apply to all
         Affiliates and Subcontractors of Hughes to the same extent as set forth
         herein with respect to Hughes.


                                     -111-

<PAGE>

34.4     Nothing in this Article 34 shall apply to or limit  (i)_claims  against
         which Hughes is required to indemnify ORION under the other Articles of
         the  Contract  and or  (ii)_the  remedies of  Customer  against  Hughes
         specified elsewhere in the Contract.



                                     -112-

<PAGE>





ARTICLE 35.                 MISCELLANEOUS

35.1     Disclaimer of Agency

         None of the  provisions of the Contract shall be construed to mean that
         either  Party is  appointed  or is in any way  authorized  to act as an
         agent of the other Party.  The Contract  does not  constitute,  create,
         give effect to, or otherwise recognize a joint venture,  partnership or
         formal   business   organization  of  any  kind,  and  the  rights  and
         obligations  of the  Parties  shall be limited to those  expressly  set
         forth in the Contract.

35.2     Waiver of Breach of Contract

         A waiver of any  breach of a  provision  of the  Contract  shall not be
         binding upon either Party unless the waiver is in writing and signed by
         the Authorized  Representative  of each Party and such waiver shall not
         affect the rights of the Party not in breach with  respect to any other
         or future breach.

35.3     Term of Contract

         The Contract  shall be in full force and effect as long as either Party
         is or may  be  required  to  perform  any  obligation  pursuant  to the
         Contract.  In addition,  Articles 13 (Inter-Party Waiver of Liability),
         16  (Taxes   and   Duties),   18  (Data  and   Software),   19  (Patent
         Indemnification),   20  (Rights   in   Inventions),   21   (Proprietary
         Information)  and 30  (Applicable  Law and  Dispute  Resolution)  shall
         survive the  expiration  or  termination  of the  Contract for whatever
         cause.

35.4     Language

         With respect to all correspondence  relating to the Contract and to all
         material,  including  labels and  markings of  equipment,  submitted by
         Hughes hereunder,  the English language and U.S. units of measure shall
         be used.  Controlling  language for the Contract shall therefore be the
         English language.


                                     -113-

<PAGE>

35.5     Amendments

         The Contract may not be modified except by written  amendment signed by
         the Authorized  Representatives  of each Party,  which  amendment shall
         expressly state that it is an "Amendment to the Orion 3 Contract."

35.6     Parent Guarantee

         From and after the making of the  Balloon  Payment  and the  release by
         Hughes of its security  interest,  ONS shall  unconditionally  guaranty
         Customer's performance of its obligations under the Contract.

35.7     Remedies

         Except as otherwise  expressly  provided in the  Contract,  the Parties
         shall have all remedies available to them under (i) the Contract,  (ii)
         applicable law or (iii) otherwise.

35.8     Cumulative Remedies

         Except as otherwise  expressly  provided in the Contract,  all remedies
         provided for in the Contract shall be cumulative.

35.9     Financing

         The  Parties  recognize  that  the  Contract  may be  financed  through
         external sources.  Hughes agrees to work cooperatively to negotiate and
         execute such documents as may be reasonably  required to implement such
         financings to the extent they do not adversely affect Hughes' rights.

35.10    Compliance with Laws

         A.       Subject  to  Article  7  (Permits  and  Licenses:   Government
                  Approvals),  each Party shall, at its own expense, comply with
                  the requirements of any laws of any place in 


                                     -114-

<PAGE>

                  which  any  part of the Work is to be  performed  and with the
                  lawful requirements of public, municipal and other authorities
                  in any way affecting or applicable to any Work.

         B.       Subject  to  Article  7  (Permits  and  Licenses:   Government
                  Approvals),  neither Party shall be responsible in any way for
                  the consequences,  direct or indirect, of any violation by the
                  other Party or its  Subcontractors  or  Consultants,  or their
                  officers,  employees,  agents  or  servants  of  any  law of a
                  country  in which  the Work is  performed,  or of any  country
                  whatsoever.


                                     -115-

<PAGE>





ARTICLE 36.                SUBCONTRACTORS

36.1     During preliminary design review,  Hughes shall provide Customer with a
         list of the names of the  major  Subcontractors  holding a  Subcontract
         with a  value  of  U.S.  $2,500,000  (with  respect  to the  Work to be
         provided hereunder) or more and shall identify the Work to be performed
         under each such Subcontract.

36.2     Hughes  shall  use its  best  reasonable  efforts  to  ensure  that all
         Subcontracts  are  awarded  to  the  Subcontractor  offering  the  best
         combination of reliability, quality, price and delivery time.

36.3     Hughes shall make  available  to Customer any of Hughes'  Subcontractor
         information relating to the Satellite construction schedule.

36.4     Nothing  in this  Article 36 or in any  Subcontract  shall be deemed to
         relieve Hughes from any obligation under the Contract.

36.5     New  Subcontracts  solely related to the Satellite shall be required by
         the terms of their  Subcontracts  to submit  copies of  written  status
         reports to Hughes.  Hughes shall use these reports in preparing Hughes'
         reports to Customer.


                                     -116-

<PAGE>





ARTICLE 37.                INSURANCE

37.1     Hughes  represents that it has in place and will at all times maintain,
         from PCD to the  moment of  Intentional  Ignition,  insurance  ("Ground
         Insurance")  against all risks of loss or damage to the Satellite,  and
         to any and all  components  purchased for and intended to be integrated
         into the  Satellite,  in an amount not less than the greater of (i) the
         replacement value of, or (ii) the amounts paid by Customer with respect
         to, the Satellite  and  components.  Hughes shall also maintain  public
         liability   insurance,   insurance  of  employees   and   comprehensive
         automobile  liability  insurance,  all  in  amounts  adequate  for  its
         potential  liabilities  under the Contract.  In addition,  Hughes shall
         require each of its Subcontractors to provide and maintain insurance in
         amounts adequate for their respective potential liabilities.

37.2     Hughes shall  provide a  certificate  of  insurance  of such  insurance
         coverage to Customer at Customer's request.

37.3     Hughes shall  require its  insurers to waive all rights of  subrogation
         against  Customer.  Hughes and Customer will discuss the feasibility of
         Customer  being  named as  additional  insured and loss payee under all
         relevant policies.




                                     -117-

<PAGE>





ARTICLE 38.                KEY PERSONNEL

38.1     Hughes will assign key personnel  from within Hughes'  organization  to
         carry out the Work.  Such  personnel  will be  familiar  with  programs
         similar to  Customer's  program,  and Hughes  will use best  reasonable
         efforts  to  retain  such  personnel  for the  duration  of the Orion 3
         Program.

38.2     Key personnel  ("Key  Personnel")  shall be the  personnel  filling the
         following positions:

         A.       Hughes Program Manager

         B.       Payload Manager

         C.       Test Manager

38.3     With respect to Key Personnel, before assigning an individual to any of
         such  positions,  whether  as an  initial  assignment  or a  subsequent
         assignment,  Hughes shall notify  Customer of the proposed  assignment,
         shall introduce the individual to appropriate Customer  representatives
         (and, upon request,  provide such  representatives with the opportunity
         to interview the individual)  and shall provide  Customer with a resume
         and other  information  about the  individual  reasonably  requested by
         Customer. If Customer in good faith objects to the proposed assignment,
         the Parties shall attempt to resolve Customer's  concerns on a mutually
         agreeable  basis.  Should the individuals  filling the positions of Key
         Personnel leave such positions for whatever reason, Hughes shall follow
         the procedure set forth in this  Paragraph  38.3 to select  replacement
         personnel.


                                     -118-

<PAGE>





ARTICLE 39.                INDEMNIFICATION

39.1     Customer  agrees to indemnify  Hughes and its  Subcontractors  for, and
         hold Hughes and its Subcontractors  harmless against, any loss, damage,
         liability or expense  (including  attorney's fees and other expenses of
         investigating or defending claims) resulting from damage to property or
         from  personal  injury,  including  death,   attributable  to  Customer
         Personnel while at Hughes' or its Subcontractors' facilities.

39.2     Customer  agrees to indemnify  Hughes as set forth in Paragraphs  13.3,
         15.13, 15.14, 15.15, 19.1, 29.1.D and 34.1.

39.3     Hughes  agrees to indemnify  Customer and Customer  Personnel  for, and
         hold  Customer  and  Customer  Personnel  harmless  against,  any loss,
         damage,  liability  or  expense  (including  attorney's  fees and other
         expenses of investigating or defending claims) resulting from damage to
         property or from personal  injury,  including  death,  attributable  to
         Hughes or its  Subcontractors  while at Hughes' or its  Subcontractors'
         facilities

39.4     Hughes agrees to indemnify Customer as set forth in Paragraphs 13.3 and
         19.1.


                                     -119-

<PAGE>

IN WITNESS  WHEREOF,  the Contract has been issued in three (3) counterparts and
signed in the city of ___ROCKVILLE____ on behalf of Customer,  ONS and Hughes by
their respective Authorized Representatives.


HUGHES SPACE AND COMMUNICATIONS INTERNATIONAL, INC.


By:   /s/ D.L. CROMER                
    --------------------------------
    D.L. CROMER                    
    CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD         
     

ORION ASIA PACIFIC CORPORATION


By:   /s/ HANS GINER                
    --------------------------------
    HANS GINER                   
    PRESIDENT                    
 

ORION NETWORK SYSTEMS, INC. 
(with respect to Article 15 and Paragraph 21.10 only)


By:   /s/ DENIS J. CURTIN           
    --------------------------------
    DENIS J. CURTIN             
    VICE PRESIDENT              



                                     -120-

<PAGE>








                                   Annex A-11


                          ANNEX A FORM OF CERTIFICATION




                                                                         [Date]

Orion Asia Pacific Corporation
2440 Research Boulevard, Suite 400
Rockville, Maryland  20850
United State of America

Attention:  Dr. Denis Curtin


Re:      Orion 3  Satellite  Purchase  Contract,  dated as of  [__________]  (as
         amended, supplemented or modified from time to time) between Orion Asia
         Pacific Corporation,  Orion Network Systems, Inc., and Hughes Space and
         Communications International, Inc. (the "Orion 3 Contract")

Ladies and Gentlemen:
                           This  certificate  is delivered to you in  connection
                  with the Orion 3 Contract.  Each  capitalized term used herein
                  and not  otherwise  defined  shall have the  meaning  assigned
                  thereto in the Orion 3 Contract. We hereby certify,  after due
                  inquiry, that as of the date hereof:

                  Hughes'  performance  of the Work is such that  Hughes will be
                  able to Deliver the Satellite in accordance  with the Delivery
                  Schedule.*

                  For the  reasons  set  forth in  Schedule  1  hereto,  Hughes'
                  performance  of the  Work is such  that it will not be able to
                  Deliver  the  Satellite  in   accordance   with  the  Delivery
                  Schedule.  Hughes reasonably expects to be able to Deliver the
                  Satellite  at its  Specified  Orbital  Location  on or  before
                  ___________.*



Certified:                 Hughes Space and Communications International, Inc.
 
                                                  By: __________________________
                                                  Title:________________________
                                                  Date__________________________

* Include when relevant.






<PAGE>

                                                                          HUGHES
                                                          SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS




- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     ORION 3
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------




                             Statement of Work (SOW)

                                    Exhibit A
                                 10 January 1996



Contract Number:           ORION3/001/97
                           -------------

/S/
- ---------------------------------
HSC Approval

/S/
- ---------------------------------
ORION Approval


                          ORION AND HUGHES PROPRIETARY
                  This document contains  information that is proprietary to the
                  ORION and Hughes Space and Communications International,  Inc.
                  All information  contained  herein is deemed to be Proprietary
                  Information  (as such  term is  defined  in  Clause  36 of the
                  Contract) of both Parties,  and disclosure thereof is governed
                  by Clause 20 of the Contract.



<PAGE>



  
                                                                         Page iv
                          ORION AND Hughes Proprietary
         Subject to the restrictions on the title page of this document
                                                                                

1.       PURPOSE AND SCOPE.....................................................1

2.       SPACECRAFT EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS.....................................1

2.1      Flight Spacecraft.....................................................1
2.2      Test and Handling Equipment...........................................1
2.3      Satellite Ground Control System.......................................2

3.       PROGRAM MANAGEMENT....................................................5

3.1      Scope & Responsibilities..............................................5
         3.1.1    Resource Management..........................................5
3.2      Program Control.......................................................5
3.3      Configuration Control.................................................5
3.4      Design Reviews........................................................5
3.5      Unit Acceptance Reviews (CDRL 3.9)....................................6
3.6      System Test Reviews (CDRL 4.3)........................................6
3.7      Pre-Ship Review (CDRL 4.8)............................................7
3.8      In-Orbit Test Review and Handover (CDRL 3.8)..........................7
3.9      Variance Notification.................................................7

4.       ANALYSIS 8

4.1      Design Analyses and Study Reports.....................................8
         4.1.1    Analyses at Spacecraft System Level..........................8
              4.1.1.1 EMCAnalysis..............................................8
              4.1.1.2 Dynamic Analysis.........................................8
              4.1.1.3 Antenna Pointing Error Analysis..........................9
              4.1.1.4 Propellant Budget Analysis...............................9
              4.1.1.5 Mass Properties Analysis................................10
              4.1.1.6 Power Budget Analysis...................................10
              4.1.1.7 Mission Analysis........................................10
              4.1.1.8 Environmental Effects Analyses..........................10
              4.1.1.9 Worst Case Performance Analysis.........................11
         4.1.2    Subsystem Level Analyses....................................12
              4.1.2.1 Communications Subsystem Analyses.......................12
              4.1.2.2 Telemetry, Tracking, and Command (TT&C) 
                     Subsystem Analyses.......................................14
              4.1.2.3 Attitude Control Subsystem (ACS) Analysis...............15
              4.1.2.4 Propulsion Subsystem Analyses...........................16
              4.1.2.5 Power Subsystem Analyses................................16
              4.1.2.6 Thermal Subsystem Analyses..............................17
              4.1.2.7 Structure Analyses......................................17

5.       SATELLITE PRODUCT ASSURANCE PLAN.....................................18

6.       TESTPLAN.............................................................18

7.       LAUNCH SERVICES (CDRL 4.5)...........................................18

                                                                         Page ii
<PAGE>



7.1      Launch Vehicle Compatibility.........................................19
7.2      Launch Support.......................................................19
         7.2.1    Launch Schedule Activities (CDRL 4.5).......................19
         7.2.2    Spacecraft Preparation at the Launch Site...................19
         7.2.3    Integration and Checkout with the Launch Vehicle............20
         7.2.4    Spacecraft Propellant and Pressurant........................20
         7.2.5    Safety......................................................20
8.       MISSION OPERATIONS (CDRL 5.2)........................................20

9. IN-ORBIT TEST (IOT) (CDRL 5.4).............................................21

10. SHIPPING AND STORAGE......................................................21

10.1 Shipping, Transportation, and Storage....................................21
10.2 Spacecraft Shipment......................................................21
10.3 Spacecraft Storage.......................................................21

11. TRAINING SERVICES AND MATERIALS (CDRL 1.5)................................22

12. INFORMATION...............................................................24

12.1 Access to Information....................................................24
12.2 Release of Information...................................................24
12.3 Notification Requirements................................................24

13. REPORT AND DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS.....................................25

13.1     System Test Requirement Document (STRD) (CDRL 5.7)...................25
         13.1.1 Compliance Matrix (CDRL 1.2)..................................25
         13.1.2 Program Schedules (CDRL 1.1)..................................25
         13.1.3 Design Review Data (CDRL 4.2).................................25
         13.1.4 Design Review Reports (CDRL 3.2, 3.3).........................25
         13.1.5 Test Data and Reports (CDRL 3.4, 3.5).........................26
         13. 1.6 Drawings and Engineering Control Documents
                  (CDRL 4.4, 4.10)............................................26
         13. 1.7 Specifications and Test Procedures (CDRL 2.2, 5.3)...........26
         13.1.8 Design Information Reports....................................26
                  13.1.8.1 Spacecraft System Summary (CDRL 4.1)...............27
                  13.1.8.2 Spacecraft Recommended Operating Procedures
                  (CDRL 5.1, 5.6).............................................27
                  13.1.8.3 Mission Plan (CDRL 1.3)............................27
                  13.1.8.4 Spacecraft Parameters Handbook (CDRL 4.7)..........27
                  13.1.8.5 In-Orbit Test (IOT) Plan (CDRL 1.4)................28
                  13.1.8.6 IOT Report (CDRL 3.8)..............................28
         13.1.9 Status and Reporting..........................................29
                  13.1.9.1 Technical Reviews..................................29
                  13.1.9.2 Quarterly/Senior Management Reviews (CDRL 3.)......29
                  13.1.9.3 Action Items.......................................29
                  13.1.9.4 Quarterly, PDR, CDR, Pre-Ship Review Meetings......29
         13.1.10 Documentation................................................30

                                                                        Page iii
<PAGE>



         13.1.11 Master Index (CDRL4.9).......................................30

14.      CONTRACT DATA REQUIREMENTS LIST (CDRL)...............................33

TABLE 2-1         MAJOR COMPONENT LIST.........................................3
TABLE 11.1        TRAINING PROGRAM SUMMARY....................................22
TABLE 3-1         ORION REVIEW PACKAGE CONTENT................................31
TABLE 3-1         CONTINUED...................................................32
TABLE 14.1        CONTRACT DATA REQUIREMENTS LIST (CDRL)......................34
TABLE 14.1        CONTRACT DATA REQUIREMENTS LIST (CDRL) - CONTINUED..........35
TABLE 14.1        CONTRACT DATA REQUIREMENTS LIST (CDRL) - CONTINUED..........37


                                                                         Page iv
<PAGE>



[CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR PAGES 1 TO 37 OF THIS EXHIBIT A]












<PAGE>






                                                                          HUGHES
                                                          SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS





- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     ORION 3
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                            SPACECRAFT SPECIFICATION

                                    Exhibit B

                                 11 January 1997


Contract Number:  ORION 3/001/97


 /S/
- --------------------------------
HSC Approval

/S/
- --------------------------------
ORION Approval





<PAGE>


                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

                             

1.0      SCOPE    .............................................................1

2.0      APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS..................................................1

2.1      APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS LIST.............................................1

3.0      REQUIREMENTS..........................................................2

3.1      GENERAL...............................................................2

3.1.1    GENERAL DESCRIPTION...................................................2
3.1.2    RELIABILITY...........................................................2
         3.1.2.1 Single Point Failure..........................................2
         3.1.2.2 Redundancy....................................................2
         3.1.2.3 Failure Isolation.............................................3
3.1.3    UNDERVOLTAGE AND TRANSIENT CONDITIONS.................................3
         3.1.3.1 Critical Unit Undervoltage....................................3
         3.1.3.2 Undervoltage Capability.......................................3
3.1.4    ECLIPSE AND SUNLIGHT OPERATIONS.......................................3
3.1.5    GROUND CONTROL CAPABILITY.............................................4
         3.1.5.1 Satellite Command System......................................4
         3.1.5.2 Ground Command Capability.....................................4
         3.1.5.3 Control Parameter Selection...................................4
         3.1.5.4 Autonomy......................................................4
3.1.6    SPACECRAFT CHARGING...................................................5
3.1.7    ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY.........................................5
3.1.8    ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS............................................5
3.1.9    CONNECTOR REDUNDANCY..................................................5

3.2      MISSION REQUIREMENTS..................................................5

3.2.1    LAUNCH VEHICLES.......................................................6
         3.2.1.1 Launch Vehicle Mechanical & Electrical Interfaces.............6
         3.2.1.2 Launch Configuration..........................................6
         3.2.1.3 Separation System.............................................6
         3.2.1.4 Separation Signal Interface...................................6
         3.2.1.5 Mass Properties...............................................7
         3.2.1.6 Launch Vehicle Envelope.......................................7
         3.2.1.7 Safety........................................................7
3.2.2    SATELLITE LIFE........................................................7
         3.2.2.1 Service Life..................................................7
         3.2.2.2 Mission Life..................................................7
3.2.3    STORAGE MODES.........................................................8
         3.2.3.1 Ground Storage................................................8
         3.2.3.2 On-Orbit Storage..............................................8
3.2.4    ORBITAL LOCATION......................................................8
3.2.5    STATIONKEEPING........................................................8
         3.2.5.1 Stationkeeping Accuracy.......................................8
         3.2.5.2 Stationkeeping Frequency......................................8
         3.2.5.3 Stationkeeping Pointing During Bipropellant 
                 Maneuvers.....................................................9
3.2.6    NORMAL MODE POINTING..................................................9
         3.2.6.1 Normal Mode...................................................9
3.2.6.2 NORMAL MODE POINTING REQUIREMENTS......................................9

                                       ii

<PAGE>



3.2.7    ORBIT MEASUREMENT ACCURACY............................................9
         3.2.7.1 Transfer Orbit................................................9
         3.2.7.2 Synchronous Orbit.............................................9
         3.2.7.3 Attitude Sensing Requirements.................................9

3.3      Communications Subsystem.............................................10

3.3.1    GENERAL..............................................................10
         3.3.1.1 DEFINITIONS..................................................10
         3.3.1.2 CONDITIONS FOR SPECIFICATION.................................12
         3.3.3.1.3 PRIMARY TRANSMISSION MODES.................................12
3.3.3.2 COVERAGE..............................................................13
3.3.2.2 C-BAND COVERAGE.......................................................23
3.3.3    POLARIZATION.........................................................26
         3.3.3.1 Receive Isolation............................................26
         3.3.3.2 Transmit Isolation...........................................27
3.3.4    CAPACITY.............................................................28
3.3.5    FREQUENCY PLAN.......................................................29
3.3.6    COMMUNICATIONS SUBSYSTEM AND ANTENNA BEAM INTERCONNECTIVITY..........30
         3.3.6.1 Communications Subsystem Configuration.......................30
         3.3.6.2 Interconnectivity............................................31
3.3.7    INPUT CHARACTERISTICS................................................33
         3.3.7.1 Receive Sensitivity (G/T)....................................33
         3.3.7.3 Saturation Flux Density (SFD)................................36
         3.3.7.4 Drive Conditions.............................................37
         3.3.7.4.1 Overdrive Conditions.......................................37
         3.3.7.4.2 Pulsed Transient Response..................................37
         3.3.7.5 Receive Rejection............................................38
         3.3.7.6 Linearity of the Common Input Section........................39
         3.3.7.7 Interference from Command Carrier............................39
3.3.8    OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS...............................................39
         3.3.8.1 Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP)....................39
         3.3.8.2 Spurious Outputs.............................................42
         3.3.8.3 Spurious Modulation..........................................43
         3.3.8.4 Pulsed Level.................................................44
         3.3.8.5 Passive Intermodulation......................................44
3.3.9    TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS.............................................44
         3.3.9.1 Gain Versus Frequency (TBR)..................................44
         3.3.9.2 Gain Slope...................................................45
         3.3.9.3 Group Delay Versus Frequency (TBR)...........................45
         3.3.9.4 Group Delay Slope............................................46
         3.3.9.5 Group Delay Stability........................................46
         3.3.9.6 Group Delay Ripple...........................................47
         3.3.9.7 Phase Linearity and AM/PM Conversion Coefficient.............47
         3.3.9.8 AM/PM Transfer Coefficient...................................47
         3.3.9.9 Amplitude Linearity..........................................47
         3.3.9.10 Frequency Stability.........................................48
         3.3.9.11 Out-Of-Band Response........................................49
3.3.10   CESSATION OF EMISSIONS...............................................50
3.3.11   TRAFFIC ROUTING......................................................50
3.3.12   REDUNDANCY...........................................................51
3.3.13   HIGH POWER AMPLIFIERS................................................51
         3.3.13.1 Linearized TWTAs............................................51
3.3.14   TT&C INTERFACE.......................................................51
         3.3.14.1 Command Requirements........................................51


                                      iii
<PAGE>



         3.3.14.2 Telemetry Requirements......................................52

3.4 TELEMETRY, TRACKING, COMMAND, AND RANGING SUBSYSTEM (TT&CR)...............52

3.4.1 GENERAL
         3.4.1.1 CONCURRENT OPERATION WITH PAYLOAD............................52
         3.4.1.2 Satellite Control............................................52
3.4.2 COMMAND SUBSYSTEM.......................................................53
         3.4.2.1 General......................................................53
         3.4.2.2 Probability of Successful Command............................53
         3.4.2.3 False Commands...............................................53
         3.4.2.4 Noise Generated Commands.....................................53
         3.4.2.5 Improper Command Tolerance...................................53
         3.4.2.6 Ranging Uplink...............................................53
         3.4.2.7 Command Backup...............................................53
         3.4.2.8 Redundancy...................................................53
         3.4.2.9 Switches.....................................................54
         3.4.2.10 Hazardous Commands..........................................54
         3.4.2.11 Command RF Parameters.......................................54
         3.4.2.12 Command Encryption..........................................55
         3.4.2.13 Command Receiver AGC........................................55
         3.4.2.14 Command Deviation...........................................56
         3.4.2.15 Subcarrier Modulation.......................................56
         3.4.2.16 Command Data Rate...........................................56
         3.4.2.17 Command Receiver and Decoder Selection......................56
         3.4.2.18 Error Checking..............................................56
         3.4.2.19 Command Formats.............................................56
         3.4.2.20 Execute Modes...............................................57
         3.4.2.21 Stored Commands.............................................57
         3.4.2.22 Validation Tone.............................................57
3.4.3    TELEMETRY SUBSYSTEM..................................................57
         3.4.3.1 General Requirements.........................................57
         3.4.3.2 Ranging Capability...........................................58
         3.4.3.3 Spacecraft ID................................................58
         3.4.3.4 Telemetry Accuracy...........................................58
         3.4.3.5 Redundancy...................................................58
         3.4.3.6 Telemetry RF Parameters......................................59
         3.4.3.7 Modulation and Encoding Modes................................60
3.4.4    RANGING SUBSYSTEM....................................................60
         3.4.4.1 Transmitter Selection........................................60
         3.4.4.2 Ranging Accuracy.............................................60
         3.4.4.3 Range Tone Frequencies.......................................61
         3.4.4.4 Modulation Indices...........................................61
         3.4.4.5 Ranging Dynamic Range........................................61

3.5      POWER SUBSYSTEM......................................................61

3.5.1    GENERAL..............................................................61
         3.5.1.1 Subsystem Configuration......................................61
         3.5.1.2 Single Point Failure.........................................61
3.5.2    SOLAR ARRAY..........................................................62
         3.5.2.1 DISSIPATION OF EXCESS POWER..................................62
         3.5.2.2 CELL PROTECTION FROM SHADOWING...............................62
         3.5.2.3 SOLAR WING ROTATION DIRECTION................................62
         3.5.2.4 SOLAR WING MARGIN............................................62
3.5.2.5 ARRAY DEGRADATION PREDICTIONS.........................................62

                                       iv

<PAGE>



3.5.3 BATTERY     ............................................................62
         3.5.3.1 DEPTH OF DISCHARGE...........................................63
         3.5.3.2 RECHARGE.....................................................63
         3.5.3.3 AUTONOMOUS CHARGE CONTROL....................................63
         3.5.3.4 TELEMETRY....................................................63
3.5.4 POWER CONDITIONING, CONTROL & DISTRIBUTION..............................63
         3.5.4.1 Battery Disconnect...........................................63
         3.5.5 Transfer Orbit Power...........................................63

3.6      WIRE HARNESS.........................................................63

3.7      ATTITUDE CONTROL SUBSYSTEM...........................................64

3.7.1    REACQUISITION........................................................64
3.7.2    SENSOR INTERFERENCE..................................................64
3.7.3    CONTROL BIAS CAPABILITY..............................................64
         3.7.3.1 EARTH BIAS CONTROL RANGE.....................................64
         3.7.3.2 BIAS REQUIREMENTS FOR EARTH MODE.............................65
3.7.4    IN-ORBIT ANTENNA PATTERN MEASUREMENT CAPABILITY......................65
3.7.5    SPACECRAFT CAPABILITIES..............................................65
         3.7.5.1 Attitude Re-orientation Capability...........................65
         3.7.5.2 Spin Control Capability......................................65
         3.7.5.3 Automatic Acquisition Capabilities...........................65
3.7.6    STATIONKEEPING.......................................................65
         3.7.6.1 Automatic East/west Stationkeeping Sequence..................66
         3.7.6.2 Automatic North/South Stationkeeping Sequence................66
3.7.7    THRUSTER USAGE.......................................................66
         3.7.7.1 Bipropellant Thruster Usage Interval.........................66
         3.7.7.2 Xenon Ion Thruster Usage.....................................66
3.7.8    MOMENTUM CONTROL.....................................................66
         3.7.8.1 Pitch Momentum Dumping Simultaneous with Biprop 
                 Stationkeeping...............................................66
         3.7.8.2 Autonomous Pitch Momentum Dumping 
                 (Bipropellant Thrusters).....................................66
         3.7.8.3 Setting Pitch Momentum Thresholds............................67
         3.7.8.4 Roll/Yaw Momentum Dumping Simultaneous with 
                 Bipropellant Stationkeeping .................................67
         3.7.8.5 Autonomous Roll/Yaw Momentum Dumping 
                 (Xenon Thruster Mode)........................................67
         3.7.8.6 Autonomous Roll/Yaw Momentum Dumping (Bipropellant 
                    Thruster Mode)............................................67
         3.7.8.7 Setting Roll/Yaw Momentum Thresholds.........................67
3.7.9    SWITCHING TRANSIENTS.................................................67
3.7.10   ENVIRONMENTAL DISTURBANCE TORQUES....................................67
3.7.11   MOMENTUM WHEEL GROUND CONTROL........................................67
3.7.12   REPROGRAM CAPABILITY.................................................68
3.7.13   FAULT PROTECTION.....................................................68
         3.7.13.1 Fault Detection Algorithm Status Flag.......................68
         3.7.13.2 Fault Correction Sensitivity to Bad Data....................68
3.7.14   REFERENCE SYSTEMS....................................................68
3.7.15   AUTONOMOUS OPERATION OF LATCH VALVES.................................68

3.8      PROPULSION SUBSYSTEM.................................................68

3.8.1    GENERAL..............................................................68
         3.8.1.1 LIQUID APOGEE MOTOR (LAM) BACKUP.............................68
         3.8.1.2 OUT OF VIEW LAM FIRING.......................................69
3.8.2    THERMAL CONSTRAINTS..................................................69
3.8.3    PROPELLANT STORAGE AND FEED..........................................69
         3.8.3.1 PROPELLANT SUPPLY............................................69
3.8.4    LEAKAGE..............................................................69


                                       v

<PAGE>

3.8.5    PERFORMANCE..........................................................69
         3.8.5.1 Compatibility................................................70
         3.8.5.2 Operating Range..............................................70
         3.8.5.3 Constraints..................................................70
3.8.6    INSTRUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS.........................................70
         3.8.6.1 Temperature Sensors..........................................70
         3.8.6.2 Pressure Transducers.........................................70
3.8.7    FUEL LIFE ESTIMATION.................................................70
3.8.8    FUELED SPACECRAFT....................................................70

3.9      THERMAL CONTROL SUBSYSTEM............................................71

3.9.1    UNIT TEMPERATURE MARGIN..............................................71
3.9.2    TEST TEMPERATURE RANGE...............................................71
         3.9.2.1 Protoflight and Qualification Performance ...................71
         3.9.2.2 Acceptance/Flight............................................71
3.9.3    TELEMETRY............................................................71
3.9.4    REPEATER CONFIGURATION...............................................72

3.10     STRUCTURAL SUBSYSTEM.................................................72

3.10.1 DESIGN PARAMETERS......................................................72
3.10.2 DIMENSIONAL STABILITY..................................................72

4.0      QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS.........................................72

4.1      GENERAL..............................................................72

4.1.1    NOT APPLICABLE.......................................................72
4.1.2    INSPECTION...........................................................72
4.1.3    ANALYSIS.............................................................73
4.1.4    DEMONSTRATION........................................................73
4.1.5    TEST     ............................................................73
         4.1.5.1 Unit Tests (U)...............................................73
         4.1.5.2 Assembly Tests (A)...........................................73
         4.1.5.3 Subsystem Tests (SS).........................................73
         4.1.5.4 Integrated Spacecraft Tests (SC).............................73
         4.1.5.5 Development Tests (D)........................................73
         4.1.5.6 Qualification Tests (Q)......................................74
         4.1.5.7 Protoflight Test (P).........................................74
         4.1.5.8 Flight Acceptance Test (F)...................................74

5.0      PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY.............................................74

5.1      SHIPMENT.............................................................74
5.1.1    CONFIGURATION........................................................74
5.1.2    ENVIRONMENTS.........................................................74
5.1.3    METHODS..............................................................75
5.1.4    CONTAINER............................................................75

5.2      GROUND STORAGE.......................................................75


Appendix A        DTH Payload
Appendix B        Environmental Specification


                                       vi

<PAGE>


                                 List of Figures

FIGURE 3.3.2.1-1 DEFINITION OF NEA COVERAGE AT 139 DEG. EAST..................15
FIGURE 3.3.2.1-2 DEFINITION OF SEA COVERAGE AT 139 DEG. EAST..................18
FIGURE 3.3.2.1-3 DEFINITION OF HAWAII COVERAGE AT 139 DEG. EAST...............19
FIGURE 3.3.2.1-4 DEFINITION OF INDIA COVERAGE AT 139 DEG. EAST................21
FIGURE 3.3.2.1-5 DEFINITION OF OCEANA COVERAGE AT 139 DEG. EAST...............22
FIGURE 3.3.2.2-1 BAND COVERAGE................................................25

                                 List of Tables

TABLE 3.3.3.2.1-1 DEFINITION OF NEA COVERAGE..................................14
TABLE 3.3.2.1-2 DEFINITION OF SEA COVERAGE....................................16
TABLE 3.3.2.1-2 DEFINITION OF SEA COVERAGE (CONTINUED)........................17
TABLE 3.3.2.1-3 DEFINITION OF HAWAII COVERAGE (NEA AND SEA)...................19
TABLE 3.3.2.1-4 DEFINITION OF INDIA COVERAGE..................................20
TABLE 3.3.2.1-5 DEFINITION OCEANA.............................................22
TABLE 3.3.2.2-1 DEFINITION OF C-BAND COVERAGE.................................23
TABLE 3.3.2.2-1 DEFINITION OF C-BAND COVERAGE (CONTINUED).....................24
TABLE 3.3.3.1-1 CO-POLAR RECEIVE ISOLATION....................................26
TABLE 3.3.3.1-2 CROSS-POLAR RECEIVE ISOLATION.................................27
TABLE 3.3.3.2-1 CO-POLAR TRANSMIT ISOLATION...................................27
TABLE 3.3.3.2-2 CROSS-POLAR TRANSMIT ISOLATION................................27
TABLE 3.3.4-1 ORION AP DC POWER CONSTRAINED OPERATIONAL CONFIGURATION.........28
TABLE 3.3.5-1 CHANNEL FREQUENCIES.............................................29
TABLE 3.3.6.1-1(B). C-BAND CONNECTIVITY MATRIX................................33
TABLE 3.3.7.1-1A MINIMUM G/T PERFORMANCE OF NEA BEAM..........................34
TABLE 3.3.7.1-1B MINIMUM G/T PERFORMANCE OF SEA BEAM..........................34
TABLE 3.3.7.1-1C MINIMUM G/T PERFORMANCE OF INDIA BEAM........................34
TABLE 3.3.7.1-1D MINIMUM G/T PERFORMANCE OF OCEANA BEAM.......................34
TABLE 3.3.7.1-1E MINIMUM G/T PERFORMANCE OF C-BAND HEMI BEAM..................34
TABLE 3.3.7.1-2 KEY CITY G/T VALUES (TBR).....................................35
TABLE 3.3.7.5-1 (A) KU-BAND RECEIVE REJECTION.................................38
TABLE 3.3.8.5-1 (B) C-BAND RECEIVE REJECTION..................................38
TABLE 3.3.7.7-1 COMMAND CARRIER LEVEL AT RECEIVE  ANTENNA.....................39
TABLE 3.3.8.1-1A MINIMUM EIRP PERFORMANCE OF NEA BEAM.........................40
TABLE 3.3.8.1-1B MINIMUM EIRP PERFORMANCE OF SEA BEAM.........................40
TABLE 3.3.8.1-1C MINIMUM EIRP PERFORMANCE OF INDIA BEAM.......................40
TABLE 3.3.8.1-1D MINIMUM EIRP PERFORMANCE OF OCEANA BEAM......................40
TABLE 3.3.8.1-1E MINIMUM EIRP PERFORMANCE OF C-BAND HEMI BEAM.................40
TABLE 3.3.8.1-2 KEY CITY EIRP VALUES (TBR)....................................41
TABLE 3.3.8.2-1 SPURIOUS OUTPUT LEVELS........................................43
 
                                      vii

<PAGE>



TABLE 3.3.8.3-1 SINGLE COMPONENT SPURIOUS FREQUENCY MODULATION................44
TABLE 3.3.9.1-1 GAIN FLATNESS (DB)............................................45
TABLE 3.3.9.2-1 GAIN SLOPE (DB/MHZ)...........................................45
TABLE 3.3.9.3-1 GROUP DELAY (INS).............................................46
TABLE 3.3.9.4-1 54 MHZ TRANSPONDERS GROUP DELAY SLOPE.........................46
TABLE 3.3.9.5-1 GROUP DELAY STABILITY (NS)....................................47
TABLE 3.3.9.9-2 NOISE POWER RATIO.............................................48
TABLE 3.3.9.11-1(A) OUT-OF-BAND RESPONSE TBR..................................49
TABLE 3.3.9.11-1(B) OUT-OF-BAND RESPONSE......................................49
TABLE 3.3.9.11-1(C) OUT-OF-BAND RESPONSE......................................50


                                      viii


<PAGE>


[CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR PAGES 1 TO 75 OF THIS EXHIBIT B]

















<PAGE>

                                                                          HUGHES
                                                          SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS





- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     ORION 3

- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------



                            SPACECRAFT SPECIFICATION

                                    Exhibit B

                                   Appendix A

                                   DTH Payload

                                 11 January 1997


Contract Number:  ORION 3/001/97


/s/
- ----------------------------------
HSC Approval

/s/
- ----------------------------------
ORION Approval


<PAGE>








 [CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR PAGES 2 TO 19 OF THIS EXHIBIT B,
                                  APPENDIX A]

<PAGE>





                                                                          HUGHES
                                                          SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS





- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     ORION 3
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------




                            SPACECRAFT SPECIFICATION


                                    Exhibit B

                                   Appendix B

                           Environmental Specification

                                 11 January 1997


Contract Number:  ORION 3/001/97



/s/
- ---------------------------------
HSC Approval

/s/
- ---------------------------------
ORION Approval

<PAGE>


 [CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR PAGES 1 TO 7 OF THIS EXHIBIT B,
                                  APPENDIX B]




<PAGE>

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S>                                         <C>                    <C>           <C>


- ------------------------------------------- ----------------------- ------------ -----------------------------------------
TITLE                                       NUMBER                  REV

                 HS601HP                                                 Prelim                   HUGHES
                  ORION
          Product Assurance Plan
                                            ----------------------- ------------
                                                                    TOTAL                 SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS
                                                  CAGE CODE         PAGES              A HUGHES ELECTRONICS COMPANY
                                                    9E831

                                                                             67
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

</TABLE>




                  SOURCE:  HUGHES PROPRIETARY

                  This document contains proprietary information and except with
                  written permission of Hughes Space and Communications  Company
                  such information shall not be published or disclosed to others
                  or used for any purpose and the  document  shall not be copied
                  in whole or in part.


<TABLE>
<CAPTION>


- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                    APPROVALS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S>                                         <C>             <C>                               <C>     
                                                 DATE                                         DATE
                   /s/                                      P. Lauenstein
       A. Traum - Product Assurance            11/27/96     Campaign Manager
    Project Manager, Advanced Programs
- ------------------------------------------- --------------- --------------------------------- ----------------------------



- ------------------------------------------- --------------- --------------------------------- ----------------------------



- ------------------------------------------- --------------- --------------------------------- ----------------------------



- ------------------------------------------- --------------- --------------------------------- ----------------------------

</TABLE>


<PAGE>
                                                                   Prelim
                                                                   November 1996

1.       BASIC PROVISIONS ...................................................1-1

         1.1      Program Content............................................1-2
         1.2      Program Functions..........................................1-2
         1.3      Applicable Documents and Guidelines........................1-2

2.       ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT.........................................2-1

         2.1      Basic Provisions...........................................2-2
         2.2      Organization of Integrated Product Teams (IPTs)............2-2
         2.3      Reviews      ..............................................2-2
         2.4      Audits       ..............................................2-2
         2.5      Documentation..............................................2-3
         2.6      Subcontractor/Supplier PA Program Control..................2-3
                  2.6.1        Basic Provisions..............................2-3
                  2.6.2        High Reliability Parts Suppliers..............2-3
                  2.6.3        Materials and Fabricated Item Suppliers.......2-3
                  2.6.4        Subcontractors................................2-3

         2.7      Progress Reporting.........................................2-4
         2.8      Customer Interface.........................................2-4
                  2.8.1        Involvement in and Access to Program 
                               Activities....................................2-4
                  2.8.2        Involvement in a Review Board Proceedings.....2-4

3.       QUALITY ASSURANCE...................................................3-1

         3.1      Basic Provisions...........................................3-2
         3.2      Function Administration....................................3-2
                  3.2.1        Responsibilities..............................3-2
                  3.2.2        Tasks.........................................3-2
                  3.2.3        Audits........................................3-3

         3.3      Procurement Controls.......................................3-3
                  3.3.1        Responsibility................................3-3
                  3.3.2        Subcontractor/Supplier Evaluation.............3-3
                  3.3.3        Procurement Document Requirements.............3-3
                  3.3.4        Source Surveillance...........................3-3
                  3.3.5        Receiving Inspection..........................3-4

         3.4      Manufacturing Controls.....................................3-4
                  3.4.1        Fabrication and Assembly Operations...........3-4
                  3.4.2        Stores Control................................3-4
                  3.4.3        Process Control...............................3-4
                  3.4.4        Process and Personnel Certification...........3-4
                  3.4.5        Workmanship Standards.........................3-5
                  3.4.6        Cleanliness and Contamination Control.........3-5
                  3.4.7        Configuration Control.........................3-5
                  3.4.8        Electrostatic Discharge Control...............3-5

         3.5      Testing and Inspection.....................................3-5
                  3.5.1        In-process Inspections........................3-5
                  3.5.2        Final Test and Inspection.....................3-5
                  3.5.3        Subsystem/System Assembly Inspection and 
                               Records.......................................3-6
                  3.5.4        Test Participation............................3-6


                                        i
<PAGE>

                                                                   Prelim
                                                                   November 1996

         3.6      Nonconforming Article and Material Control.................3-7
                  3.6.1        Material Review Action and Control............3-7
                  3.6.1.1      Preliminary Review............................3-7
                  3.6.1.2      Engineering Disposition.......................3-7
                  3.6.1.3      Engineering Review............................3-7
                  3.6.2        Nonconformance Definitions and 
                               Classifications...............................3-7
                  3.6.3        Corrective Action.............................3-7
                  3.6.4        Subcontractor Material Review.................3-8
                  3.6.5        Database......................................3-8

         3.7      Measurement Processes and Calibration......................3-8
                  3.7.1        Basic System..................................3-8
                  3.7.2        Calibration Controls..........................3-8
                  3.7.3        Remedial and Preventive Action................3-9
                  3.7.4        Subcontractor Controls........................3-9

         3.8      History Records and Traceability...........................3-9
                  3.8.1        History Records...............................3-9
                  3.8.2        Traceability..................................3-9

         3.9      Stamp Controls............................................3-10
         3.10     Sampling Plans, Statistical Planning, and Analysis........3-10
         3.11     Handling and Shipping.....................................3-10
                  3.11.1       Handling.....................................3-10
                  3.11.2       Shipping.....................................3-10
                  3.11.3       Transportation...............................3-10

         3.12     Software Quality Assurance................................3-11
         3.13     Launch Site Activities....................................3-11

4.       RELIABILITY ENGINEERING.............................................4-1

         4.1      Basic Provisions...........................................4-2
         4.2      Function Administration....................................4-2
                  4.2.1        Responsibilities..............................4-3
                  4.2.2        Tasks.........................................4-2

         4.3      Reliability Assessments....................................4-2
                  4.3.1        Space Segment Design Reliability..............4-2
                  4.3.1.1      Requirements..................................4-3
                  4.3.1.2      Apportionment.................................4-3
                  4.3.2        Analyses......................................4-3
                  4.3.2.1      Failure Rates.................................4-3
                  4.3.2.2      Analysis Results..............................4-4
                  4.3.3        Part Application Derating.....................4-4
                  4.3.4        Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality 
                               Analysis......................................4-4
                  4.3.5        Single Point Failures.........................4-5
                  4.3.6        Wearout Analysis..............................4-5
                  4.3.7        Worst-case Analysis...........................4-5
                  4.3.8        Critical Items List...........................4-5

         4.4      Failure Reporting and Corrective Action....................4-6
                  4.4.1        Basic Provisions..............................4-6
   
                                       ii
<PAGE>

                                                                   Prelim
                                                                   November 1996

                  4.4.2        Failure Definition and Documentation..........4-6
                  4.4.3        Failure Analysis..............................4-7
                  4.4.4        Failure Review Board..........................4-7
                  4.4.5        Subcontractor Failure Reporting...............4-7
                  4.4.6        Mission On-orbit Performance Metrics and 
                               Corrective Action.............................4-7

5.       PARTS, MATERIALS, AND PROCESSES CONTROL.............................5-1

         5.1      Basic Provisions...........................................5-2
         5.2      Function Administration....................................5-2
         5.3      Program Requirements.......................................5-2
                  5.3.1        Authorized Lists..............................5-2
                  5.3.2        Parts, Materials, and Processes...............5-2
                  5.3.3        Parts, Materials, and Processes 
                               Specifications................................5-3
                  5.3.4        Parts and Materials Qualification.............5-3

         5.4      Parts Process Controls, Screening and Acceptance...........5-4
                  5.4.1        Basic Provisions..............................5-4
                  5.4.2        Environmental Screening and Conditioning......5-4
                  5.4.3        Burn-in.......................................5-4
                  5.4.4        Destructive Physical Analysis.................5-4
                  5.4.5        Radiation.....................................5-4
                  5.4.6        Subcontractor PMP Program Control.............5-4

6.       CONFIGURATION CONTROL...............................................6-1

         6.1      Basic Provisions...........................................6-2
         6.2      Function Administration....................................6-2
                  6.2.1        Responsibilities..............................6-2
                  6.2.2        Tasks.........................................6-2

         6.3      Activities   ..............................................6-3
                  6.3.1        Configuration Identification..................6-3
                  6.3.1.1      Baseline Identification.......................6-3
                  6.3.1.2      Configuration Items Definition................6-3
                  6.3.1.3      Specifications and Drawings Identification....6-3
                  6.3.1.4.     Specification Tree............................6-4
                  6.3.1.5      Master Index..................................6-4
                  6.3.1.6      Computer Software Configuration 
                               Identification................................6-4
                  6.3.1.7      Firmware Configuration Management.............6-4
                  6.3.2        Configuration Control.........................6-4
                  6.3.2.1      Change Classification.........................6-4
                  6.3.2.2      Requests for Deviations/Waivers (RDWs)........6-4
                  6.3.2.3      Engineering Control Processing................6-5
                  6.3.2.4      Change Control Board..........................6-5
                  6.3.3        Configuration Status Accounting...............6-5
                  6.3.4        Subcontractor Configuration Management........6-5
                  6.3.5        Engineering Documentation Control.............6-6
                  6.3.5.1      Engineering Releases and Records..............6-6

7.       SYSTEM SAFETY.......................................................7-1

         7.1      Basic Provisions...........................................7-2

                                      iii

<PAGE>
                                                                   Prelim
                                                                   November 1996


         7.2      Function Administration....................................7-2
                  7.2.1        Responsibilities..............................7-2
                  7.2.2        Tasks.........................................7-2
                  7.2.3        Organizational Roles..........................7-3
                  7.2.3.1      Engineering...................................7-3
                  7.2.3.2      System Operations.............................7-3
                  7.2.3.3      Safety, Health, and Environmental Affairs 
                               (SHEA)........................................7-3
                  7.2.4        Launch Site Safety Requirements...............7-3

         7.3      HSC System Safety Policy...................................7-4
         7.4      Scope of System Safety Program.............................7-4
         7.5      Integration and Coordination of Delegated Activities.......7-5
         7.6      Hazard Control Order of Precedence.........................7-5
         7.7      Hazard Analysis............................................7-5
                  7.7.1        Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA).............7-6
                  7.7.2        Subsystem and System Hazard Analysis (S&SHA)..7-6
                  7.7.3        Verification and Certification of 
                               Requirements Compliance.......................7-6

         7.8      Test and Operational Safety................................7-6
         7.9      Launch Campaign Safety Operations..........................7-7
         7.10     Safety Reviews and Safety Data/Deliverables................7-7
         7.11     Training     ..............................................7-8
         7.12     Audit Program..............................................7-8

ANNEX 7A.  LAUNCH VEHICLE/LAUNCH SITE SPECIFIC SAFETY INFORMATION...........7A-1

         7A.1     USA Eastern Range Launch Vehicle (Delta II, 
                  Delta III, and Atlas ................................Vehicles)
                  Specific Annex for HS376, HS601, and HS601HP..............7A-1


                                       iv

<PAGE>






                                 LIST OF FIGURES



1-1           ISO 9001 Certificate of Qualification..........................1-3

2-1           Program Product Assurance Management Reporting.................2-5
2-2           Program Product Assurance Manager's Staff......................2-5
2-3           HSC Quality Management System..................................2-6

3-1           Quality Assurance Interfaces..................................3-12

4-1           Failure Management System......................................4-9

6-1           Program Configuration Management Operations Reporting..........6-7
6-2           Customer/HSC/Subcontractor Interfaces..........................6-7
6-3           Program CMO Functional Responsibilities........................6-8

7A.1-1        Phased ER Safety Generic Approval Process.....................7A-2







                                 LIST OF TABLES


1-1           Applicable Documents...........................................1-4
1-2           Applicable HSC Manuals and Procedures..........................1-4

2-1           Review Boards..................................................2-7
2-2           Customer Involvement in Review Board Proceedings...............2-8

3-1           Flight Hardware Material Review Authority.....................3-13

4-1           HS601HP Baseline Critical Items List..........................4-10

5-1           High Reliability Parts Screening...............................5-5

                                       v


<PAGE>











                               1. BASIC PROVISIONS




 [CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR 1-2 TO 7A-3 OF THIS EXHIBIT C]










                                      1-1













<PAGE>


                                                                          HUGHES


- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                      ORION
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                     HS601HP
                              INTEGRATED TEST PLAN

                                   August 1996

                                       /s/
                           -------------------------
                                 Approved by HSC

                                       /s/
                            -------------------------
                                Approved by ORION


                               HUGHES PROPRIETARY

         This document  contains  proprietary  information,  and except
         with written  permission  of Hughes  Space and  Communications
         Company, such information shall not be published, or disclosed
         to others,  or used for any purpose and the document shall not
         be duplicated in whole or in part.

                                 Copyright 1996
                     Hughes Space and Communications Company
                                Unpublished Work





                                                              HUGHES PROPRIETARY
<PAGE>



                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                            Page

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS..........................................NOT NUMBERED

FOREWORD I
         A. Integrated Test Plan (ITP) and HS601HP Integration and
         Test Documentation...................................................ii
         B. HS601HP Product Line Test Philosophy..............................iv
         C. Program-Specific Information for the __________ Spacecraft........vi

1. INTRODUCTION..............................................................1-1
         1.1 Plan Scope......................................................1-2
         1.2 Test Program Flow...............................................1-2
         1.3 Plan Content....................................................1-2
         1.4 Customer Participation..........................................1-2

2. TEST PROVISIONS...........................................................2-1
         2.1 HS601HP Product Line Test Philosophy............................2-2
         2.2 Test Requirements...............................................2-2
                  2.2.1 Development Testing..................................2-3
                  2.2.2 Qualification Testing................................2-3
                  2.2.3 Acceptance Testing...................................2-4
                  2.2.4 Life Testing.........................................2-4
         2.3 Test Phase Descriptions.........................................2-5
                  2.3.1 Unit Level...........................................2-5
                  2.3.2 Subsystem Level......................................2-7
                  2.3.3 System Level.........................................2-9
                  2.3.4 In Orbit Testing (IOT)..............................2-14

3. UNIT/EQUIPMENT LEVEL TESTING..............................................3-1
         3.1 Unit/Equipment Heritage / Qualification/Heritage................3-1
                  3.1.1 HS601HP Product Line Heritage / Qualification 
                        Matrix...............................................3-3
         3.2 Unit Thermal Cycle and Thermal Vacuum Cycle Requirements........3-6
         3.3 Life Testing....................................................3-9

4. SUBSYSTEM AND SYSTEM LEVEL ACCEPTANCE TESTING.............................4-1
         4. Test Matrices....................................................4-2
                  4.1 Mechanical.............................................4-2
                  4.2 Electrical Power Subsystem.............................4-4
                  4.3 Attitude Control Subsystem.............................4-6
                  4.4 Liquid Propulsion Subsystem (LPS)......................4-8
                  4.5 Xenon Ion Propulsion Subsystem (XIPS).................4-10
                  4.6 T&C Subsystem Digital Equipment.......................4-12
                  4.7 T&C Subsystem RF Hardware.............................4-13
                  4.8 Communications Subsystem..............................4-14

5. IN ORBIT TESTING (IOT)....................................................5-1
         5.1 Overview........................................................5-2
         5.2 Tests...........................................................5-2
                  5.2.1 Electrical Power Subsystem...........................5-2
                  5.2.2 Attitude Control Subsystem...........................5-3
                  5.2.3 Communications Subsystem.............................5-4
                  5.2.4 Telemetry and Command Subsystem......................5-5

                                                              HUGHES PROPRIETARY
<PAGE>



LIST OF FIGURES

                                                                            Page

A-1 HS601HP Integration and Test Documentation...............................iii

1-1 Top Level Acceptance Spacecraft Test Flow................................1-3
1-2 HS601HP Acceptance Spacecraft Integration and Test Flow Details..........1-4









                                 LIST OF TABLES


                                                                            Page

3.1.1 HS601HP Product Line Heritage / Qualification Matrix...................3-3
3.2 Unit Thermal Cycle and Thermal Vacuum Cycle Requirements.................3-6

4. Subsystem and System Test Matrices........................................4-2
                  4.1 Mechanical.............................................4-2
                  4.2 Electrical Power Subsystem.............................4-4
                  4.3 Attitude Control Subsystem.............................4-6
                  4.4 Liquid Propulsion Subsystem (LPS)......................4-8
                  4.5 Xenon Ion Propulsion Subsystem (XIPS).................4-10
                  4.6 T&C Subsystem Digital Equipment.......................4-12
                  4.7 T&C Subsystem RF Hardware.............................4-13
                  4.8 Communications Subsystem..............................4-14

5.2 In Orbit Test (IOT) Matrices.............................................5-2
                  5.2.1 Electrical Power Subsystem...........................5-2
                  5.2.2 Attitude Control Subsystem...........................5-3
                  5.2.3 Communications Subsystem.............................5-4
                  5.2.4 Telemetry and Command Subsystem......................5-5

                                                              HUGHES PROPRIETARY
<PAGE>








[CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR PAGES 1 TO 5-5 OF THIS EXHIBIT D]











                                                              HUGHES PROPRIETARY
<PAGE>






                                     ORION 3


                                 GROUND SEGMENT


                                    Exhibit E


                                 9 January 1997




                  Appendix A Statement of Work
                  Appendix B Performance Specifications
                  Appendix C Test Plan
                  Appendix D Product Assurance Plan





<PAGE>







Orion Ground Statement of Work                                        Appendix B
                                                    Optional/Unique Requirements
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------








                                STATEMENT OF WORK


                              ORION 3 Ground System

                                    Exhibit E

                                   Appendix A








                              Date: 8 January 1997









<PAGE>
Orion Ground Statement of Work                                        Appendix B
                                                    Optional/Unique Requirements
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                               TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION................................................................4
2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS........................................................4
3. DELIVERABLE EQUIPMENT, SOFTWARE and SERVICES................................5
         3.1 Satellite Control Equipment and Software..........................5
         3.2 Training and Satellite In-Orbit Operations Support................5
         3.3 Test Equipment and Tools..........................................5
         3.4 Spares............................................................5
4. DELIVERABLE DATA and DOCUMENTATION..........................................7
         4.1 Facilities Requirements...........................................7
         4.2 Test Data and Report..............................................7
         4.3 O&M Manuals.......................................................8
         4.4 Interface Control Document........................................8
         4.5 Interconnect Drawings.............................................8
         4.6 Design Review Package.............................................9
                  4.6.1 Technical Interchange Meeting #1.......................9
                  4.6.2 Technical Interchange Meeting #2.......................9
5. LONG TIME SUPPORT...........................................................9
         5.1 Warranty.........................................................10
         5.2 Equipment (Hardware and Software) Product Support................10
         5.3 Operational Life.................................................10
6. Orion MANAGEMENT...........................................................10
         6.1 Technical Coordination and Witness...............................11
         6.2 Status Reviews...................................................11
         6.3 Product Assurance Management.....................................11
         6.4 Test Program.....................................................11
         6.5 Program Milestones...............................................12
         6.6 Final Acceptance Criteria........................................12
7. PACKING, SHIPPING, and SITE INSTALLATION...................................13
         7.1 Packing and Shipping.............................................13
         7.2 Requirements and Regulations for Site Installation and Tests.....14
8. INSTALLATION, POWER REQUIREMENTS AND BENEFICIAL ACCESS.....................14
         8.1 Civil Works Power Distribution...................................14
         8.2 Mechanical Systems...............................................14
         8.3 Grounding........................................................14
         8.4 Antenna Foundations and RF Shelter...............................14
         8.5 Purchaser-Furnished Equipment....................................14
         8.6 Miscellaneous....................................................14



<PAGE>

Orion Ground Statement of Work                                        Appendix B
                                                    Optional/Unique Requirements
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                 LIST OF TABLES
                                 --------------
                                 
                                 
                                 

Table 3-1 Major Component List.................................................5
Table 4-1 Contract Data Requirement List (CDRL)................................8







<PAGE>








[CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR PAGES 4 TO 15 OF THIS EXHIBIT E ,
<PAGE>




                                                                        Document
                                                                        REV: 1.0







                           PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS


                              Orion 3 Ground System
                                    Exhibit E
                                   Appendix B













                                       


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                                  Change Record

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                                        i

<PAGE>



              2.3.1.1.5 Command Sources.......................................12
                 2.3.1.1.5.1 Command Sequences................................12
                 2.3.1.1.5.2 Operator Input...................................12
              2.3.1.1.6 Commanding Interface..................................12
              2.3.1.1.7 Unauthorized Commanding...............................12
              2.3.1.1.8 Critical Commands.....................................12
              2.3.1.1.9 Restricted Commands...................................12
              2.3.1.1.10 Invalid Command Sequences............................12
              2.3.1.1.11 Command History......................................13
          2.3.1.2 Telemetry Function..........................................13
              2.3.1.2.1 Telemetry Format......................................13
              2.3.1.2.2 Telemetry Modes.......................................13
              2.3.1.2.3 Simultaneous Telemetry and Ranging....................13
              2.3.1.2.4 Multiple Telemetry Streams............................14
              2.3.1.2.5 Telemetry Processing..................................14
                 2.3.1.2.5.1 Decommutation....................................14
                 2.3.1.2.5.2 Time-Tagging.....................................14
                 2.3.1.2.5.3 Engineering Unit Conversion......................14
                 2.3.1.2.5.4 Limit Checking...................................14
              2.3.1.2.6 Telemetry Display.....................................14
              2.3.1.2.7 Telemetry Alarm Generation............................14
              2.3.1.2.8 Telemetry Alarm Display...............................15
              2.3.1.2.9 Telemetry Archiving...................................15
              2.3.1.2.10 Alarm History........................................15
          2.3.1.3 Ranging Function............................................15
              2.3.1.3.1 Range Measurement Processing..........................15
              2.3.1.3.2 Ranging Modes.........................................15
              2.3.1.3.3 Ranging Accuracy......................................15
              2.3.1.3.4 Tracking Data Archiving...............................15
              2.3.1.3.5 Payload Thermal Management............................16
          2.3.1.4 Flight Dynamics Software....................................16
      2.4 Flight Dynamics Software............................................16
      2.5 Space Health and Performance Evaluation (SHAPE).....................16
      2.6 Ground Status and Control Software..................................16
        2.6.1 Simultaneous Control and Status.................................16
          2.6.1.1 TCR Software Interface......................................16
          2.6.1.2 Operator Control and Status.................................16
              2.6.1.2.1 Manual Control........................................16
              2.6.1.2.2 Displays..............................................16
              2.6.1.2.3 Ground Equipment Control..............................17
              2.6.1.2.4 Ground Equipment Status...............................17
      2.7 Dynamic Satellite Simulator.........................................17
3. Baseband Subsystem Definition..............................................18
      3.1 Baseband Subsystem Interface Definition.............................18

                                       ii
<PAGE>



          3.1.1 External Interfaces...........................................18
              3.1.1.1 IF Telemetry/Ranging Input..............................18
              3.1.1.2 IF Command/Ranging Output...............................18
              3.1.1.3 Computer to Command Generator...........................20
          3.1.2 Characteristics...............................................21
              3.1.2.1 Performance.............................................21
                3.1.2.1.1 Command Tone Generation and Uplink Modulation.......21
                  3.1.2.1.1.1 Command Generator...............................21
                  3.1.2.1.1.2 Encryption......................................21
                  3.1.2.1.1.3 Frequency Modulator.............................21
                  3.1.2.1.1.4 FM Modulator Output.............................22
                3.1.2.1.2 Telemetry Reception and Formatting..................22
                  3.1.2.1.2.1 Telemetry Receiver..............................22
                  3.1.2.1.2.2 PSK Demodulator.................................22
                  3.1.2.1.2.3 Bit Synchronizer................................22
                  3.1.2.1.2.4 Frame Synchronizer..............................23
                  3.1.2.1.2.5 Bit Error Rate (BER)............................23
                3.1.2.1.3 Satellite Range Measurement.........................23
                  3.1.2.1.3.1 T&C Ranging Uplink..............................23
                  3.1.2.1.3.2 T&C Ranging Downlink............................24
                  3.1.2.1.3.3 T&C Range Measurement...........................24
                  3.1.2.1.3.4 T&C Range Calibration...........................24
                  3.1.2.1.3.5 T&C Ranging Timebase............................24
              3.1.2.2 Time Code Generation Function...........................25
                3.1.2.2.1 Timing System.......................................25
                3.1.2.2.2 Timing System.......................................25
4. Radio Frequency (RF) Subsystem.............................................26
        4.1 PRIMARY-STATION...................................................26
          4.1.1 RF Subsystem Interface Definition.............................26
              4.1.1.1 External Interfaces.....................................26
                4.1.1.1.1 Baseband Telemetry/Ranging Output...................26
                4.1.1.1.2 Baseband Command/Ranging Input......................26
                4.1.1.1.3 RF Uplink...........................................26
                4.1.1.1.4 Antenna Interfaces..................................28
                4.1.1.1.5 RF Downlink.........................................29
                4.1.1.1.6 Control Computer Subsystem..........................29
          4.1.2 RF Performance................................................29
              4.1.2.1 RF Transmit.............................................29
                4.1.2.1.1 RF Transmit Input Characteristics...................29
                4.1.2.1.2 RF Transmit Output Characteristics..................29
                4.1.2.1.3 RF Transmit Transfer Characteristics................29
              4.1.2.2 RF Received.............................................31
                4.1.2.2.1 RF Received Input Characteristics...................31
                4.1.2.2.2 RF Received Output Characteristics..................31

                                      iii
<PAGE>



                4.1.2.2.3 RF Received Transfer Characteristics................31
5. Antenna Subsystem31
     5.1 OPTUS ground station...... ..........................................31
          5.1.1 Structure31
          5.1.2 Tracking System...............................................32
              5.1.2.1 Control Modes...........................................32
              5.1.2.2 Servo Control Requirements..............................32
              5.1.2.3 Tracking Receiver.......................................32
          5.1.3 RF Performance................................................33
              5.1.3.1 Transmit Requirements...................................33
              5.1.3.2 Received Requirements...................................33
              5.1.3.3 Feed....................................................33
              5.1.3.1 LNA.....................................................33
          5.1.4 Inter Facility Link (IFL).....................................33
6. Site Communication Network Subsystem.......................................34
Appendix A....................................................................75


                                       iv
<PAGE>



                                List of Figures

Table                                                                       Page
- -----                                                                       ----
FIGURE 1-1 ORION GROUND SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM...................................3
FIGURE 2-1 PRIMARY-STATION CONTROL COMPUTER SUBSYSTEM..........................8
FIGURE 2-2 BACKUP-STATION CONTROL COMPUTER SUBSYSTEM...........................9
FIGURE 2-1 BELROSE GROUND STATION BASEBAND BLOCK DIAGRAM......................19
FIGURE 3-1 BELROSE GROUND STATION RF SUBSYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM..................26

                                 List of Tables

Figures                                                                     Page
- -------                                                                     ----
TABLE 1-1 PRIMARY-STATION/BACKUP-STATION ANTENNA FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
   4
TABLE 2-2 WORKSTATION ALLOCATION...............................................6
TABLE 2-3 PRINTER ALLOCATION...................................................9


                                       v
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 TWO PARTS TO THIS EXHIBIT E, APPENDIX B]

























<PAGE>








                                    TEST PLAN
                          FOR THE ORION 3 GROUND SYSTEM

                                    EXHIBIT E
                                   APPENDIX C





















<PAGE>




Ground System Test Plan                                                     DOC#
                                                                            REV-
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                Table of Contents
                                -----------------
                                

1. Overview....................................................................1
     1.1 Scope.................................................................1
     1.2 Purpose...............................................................1
     1.3 Testing Philosophy....................................................1
         1.3.1 Test Director...................................................1
2. Applicable documents........................................................1
3. Test Process................................................................2
     3.1 Test Readiness Reviews................................................2
     3.2 Test Procedures.......................................................2
     3.3 Post Test Data Review.................................................3
     3.4 Test Reports..........................................................3
     3.5 Test anomalies........................................................3
     3.6 Quality Assurance.....................................................3
4. Requirements Flowdown.......................................................4
     4.1 Verification Methods..................................................4
     4.2 Integration & Test Flow...............................................4
         4.2.1 Burn-in Tests...................................................4
         4.2.2 Subsystem.......................................................5
         4.2.3 Subsystem Test Notebooks/Test Procedures........................6
         4.2.4 Subsystem Sell-Off..............................................6
         4.2.5 Subsystem Integration and Checkout..............................6
         4.2.6 System Test Notebook............................................6
         4.2.7 FAT Test Readiness Review.......................................6
         4.2.8 FAT.............................................................7
         4.2.9 Preshipment Review (PSR)........................................7
         4.2.10 Pack and Ship..................................................7
         4.2.11 Site Installation..............................................7
         4.2.12 SAT Test Readiness Review......................................7
         4.2.13 SAT............................................................7
         4.2.14 Final Acceptance Review........................................8
5. TEST IDENTIFICATION.........................................................8
     5.1 Unit Tests............................................................8
         5.1.1 Spares Testing..................................................8
     5.2 Subsystem Tests.......................................................8
         5.2.1 AC Power Test...................................................8
         5.2.2 Baseband Subsystem Test.........................................8
              5.2.2.1 Telemetry Test...........................................9
              5.2.2.2 Command Test.............................................9
              5.2.2.3 Ranging Tests............................................9
                  5.2.2.3.1 T&C IF Ranging Calibration Test....................9
                  5.2.2.3.2 Transponder IF Ranging Calibration Test............9

                                       i
<PAGE>



              5.2.2.4 Patch Panels Test........................................9
         5.2.3 RF Subsystem Test...............................................9
         5.2.4 Antenna Subsystem Test..........................................9
         5.2.5 Control Computer Subsystem (CCS) Test..........................10
              5.2.5.1 Ground Status and Control (GSC).........................10
                  5.2.5.1.1 GSC User Interface................................10
                  5.2.5.1.2 Status and Control Interface Unit Interface 
                            (SCIU)............................................10
              5.2.5.2 Orbital Analysis Software Test..........................10
                  5.2.5.2.1 User Interface....................................10
                  5.2.5.2.2 Database Utilities................................10
                  5.2.5.2.3 Raw Data Processing...............................11
                  5.2.5.2.4 Orbit Estimation..................................11
                  5.2.5.2.5 Ephemeris Prediction..............................11
                  5.2.5.2.6 Eclipse Prediction................................11
                  5.2.5.2.7 Inclination Control Maneuver Planning.............11
                  5.2.5.2.8 Drift and Eccentricity Control Maneuver 
                            Planning..........................................11
                  5.2.5.2.9 Orbit Simulation..................................11
                  5.2.5.2.10 Additional Functions.............................11
              5.2.5.3 SHAPE...................................................11
                  5.2.5.3.1 Convert data queue to month file (CVTQ)...........11
                  5.2.5.3.2 SHAPE System Administrator (SYSAD)................11
                  5.2.5.3.3 SHAPE User (also known as Graphical User  
                            Interface (GUI))..................................11
                  5.2.5.3.4 Live Data.........................................12
              5.2.5.4 TCR/GSC Interface Test..................................12
         5.2.6 Site Communications Network (SCN)..............................12
         5.2.7 DSS Test.......................................................12
     5.3 Factory Acceptance Test..............................................12
         5.3.1 FAT System Configuration.......................................13
         5.3.2 Computer Readiness.............................................13
         5.3.3 Telemetry Processing...........................................13
              5.3.3.1 PCM Data Test...........................................13
              5.3.3.2 Data Archiving..........................................14
         5.3.4 Transmission of Satellite Commands.............................14
              5.3.4.1 Hazardous Satellite Commanding..........................14
         5.3.5 Ranging 14
              5.3.5.1 T&C IF Range Calibration Test...........................14
              5.3.5.2 T&C Ranging Test........................................14
              5.3.5.3 Transponder IF Range Test...............................14
              5.3.5.4 Transponder Ranging Test................................14
         5.3.6 Orbital Analysis Software Test.................................15
         5.3.7 SHAPE  15
         5.3.8 RF.............................................................15
         5.3.9 Control Computer Subsystem and Software........................15
              5.3.9.1 CCS to Timing Interface Test............................15
              5.3.9.2 Status and Control......................................15


                                       ii
<PAGE>



         5.3.10 Site Communication Network....................................16
     5.4 Site Acceptance Test.................................................16
         5.4.1 SAT System Configuration.......................................16
         5.4.2 Computer Checkout..............................................16
         5.4.3 Telemetry Processing...........................................16
         5.4.4 Antenna Monitoring.............................................17
         5.4.5 CCS/GSC Software...............................................17
              5.4.5.1 Procedures (PROCs)......................................17
         5.4.6 Timing.........................................................17
         5.4.7 RF Tests 17
         5.4.8 Site Communications Network....................................17
     5.5 Final Acceptance Review..............................................18
6. Index of ACRONYMS..........................................................19





                                      iii
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 E, APPENDIX C]














<PAGE>





                                                               HISD-001-01 Rev B
                                                                       5 June 96
     





                                      HITS
                             Product Assurance Plan

                                    EXHIBIT E
                                   APPENDIX D









<PAGE>
                                                               HISD-001-01 Rev B
                                                                       5 June 96

                               Table of Contents

Foreword.....................................................................v
1.0      BASIC PROVISIONS......................................................1
     1.1      Program Content..................................................1
     1.2      Program Functions................................................1
     1.3      Applicable Documents.............................................1
              1.3.1   Government Documents.....................................1
              1.3.2   HISD Documents...........................................2
2.0      ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT...........................................2
     2.1      Introduction 2
     2.2      Management Responsibility........................................2
              2.2.1   Reliability Engineering..................................2
              2.2.2   Parts, Materials, and Processes Assurance................3
              2.2.3   Quality Assurance........................................3
              2.2.4   Subcontractor Product Assurance..........................3
              2.2.5   Standard Commercial Test Equipment.......................3
     2.3      Reviews 3
     2.4      Audits  3
     2.5      Documentation....................................................4
     2.6      Major Subcontractor Controls.....................................4
3.0      RELIABILITY PROGRAM...................................................4
     3.1      Basic Provisions.................................................4
     3.2      Organization and Management......................................4
     3.3      Reliability Engineering Assessments..............................4
              3.3.1   Reliability of the Customers Equipment...................4
              3.3.2   Analyses.................................................5
     3.4      Problem Reporting and Corrective Action..........................5
              3.4.1   Basic Provisions.........................................5
              3.4.2   Problem Definition and Documentation.....................5
              3.4.3   Problem Analysis.........................................5
4.0      QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM.............................................5
     4.1      Basic Provisions.................................................5
     4.2      Organization and Management......................................6
              4.2.1   Responsibility...........................................6
              4.2.2   Program Requirements.....................................6

<PAGE>

                                                               HISD-001-01 Rev B
                                                                       5 June 96


              4.2.3   Audits/Review............................................7
     4.3      Procurement Controls.............................................9
              4.3.1   Responsibility...........................................9
              4.3.2   Subcontractor/Supplier Evaluation........................9
              4.3.3   Procurement Document Review..............................9
              4.3.4   Source Surveillance/Inspection...........................9
              4.3.5   Receiving Inspection and Test............................9
     4.4      Manufacturing Controls..........................................10
              4.4.1   Fabrication and Assembly Operations.....................10
              4.4.2   Stores Control..........................................10
              4.4.3   Process Controls........................................10
              4.4.4   Process and Personnel Certification.....................10
              4.4.5   Workmanship Standards...................................10
              4.4.6   Hardware Configuration Control..........................11
     4.5      Testing and Inspection..........................................11
              4.5.1   In-process Inspection...................................11
              4.5.2   Final Test and Inspection...............................12
              4.5.3   Test Participation......................................12
              4.5.4   Site Installation and Acceptance........................13
     4.6      Nonconforming Article and Material Control......................13
              4.6.1   Material Review Action and Control......................13
              4.6.2   Nonconformance Definitions and Classifications..........14
              4.6.3   Corrective Action.......................................14
              4.6.4   Subcontractor Material Review...........................15
     4.7      Measurement Processes and Calibration...........................15
              4.7.1   Basic System............................................15
              4.7.2   Calibration Controls....................................15
              4.7.3   Subcontractor Controls..................................16
     4.8      Records and Traceability........................................16
              4.8.1   Records.................................................16
              4.8.2   Traceability............................................17
     4.9      Inspection and Status Control...................................17
     4.10     Packaging, Handling, and Transportation.........................17
5.0      SOFTWARE QUALITY ASSURANCE...........................................17
     5.1      Introduction ...................................................17

<PAGE>
                                                               HISD-001-01 Rev B
                                                                       5 June 96


     5.2      Organization and Resources......................................18
              5.2.1   Organization............................................18
              5.2.2   Personnel...............................................18
              5.2.3   Other Resources.........................................18
              5.2.4   Schedule................................................18
     5.3      SQA Program Procedures, Tools, and Records......................18
              5.3.1   Procedures..............................................18
                      5.3.1.1  Software Quality Planning......................19
                      5.3.1.2  Program Documentation..........................19
                      5.3.1.3  Software Quality System Evaluation.............19
                      5.3.1.4  Software Quality Process Evaluation............20
                      5.3.1.5  Software Product Evaluations...................20
                      5.3.1.6  Corrective Action..............................21
                      5.3.1.7  Management Reporting...........................21
                      5.3.1.8  Certification and Acceptance...................22
                      5.3.1.9  Software Testing...............................22
                      5.3.1.10 Reviews and Audits.............................23
                      5.3.1.11 Non-Deliverable Software.......................23
                      5.3.1.12 Customer Interface.............................23
                      5.3.1.13 Tools..........................................23
     5.4      Software Quality Records........................................23
     5.5      Subcontractor/Supplier..........................................23
     5.6      Notes...........................................................24
              5.6.1   Definitions   24
              5.6.2   Acronyms 24
6.0      PARTS, MATERIALS, AND PROCESSES PROGRAM..............................25
     6.1      Basic Provisions 25
     6.2      Parts Selection and Specification...............................25
     6.3      Parts and Materials Handling and Storage........................25
     6.4      Subcontractor Control 25
7.0      CONFIGURATION AND DATA MANAGEMENT....................................25
     7.1      Basic Provisions 25
     7.2      Management and Organization.....................................26
     7.3      Configuration Management........................................26
              7.3.1   Configuration Identification............................26


<PAGE>
                                                               HISD-001-01 Rev B
                                                                       5 June 96

              7.3.2   Configuration Control...................................26
                      7.3.2.1  Engineering Change Classification..............26
                      7.3.2.2  Requests for Deviations/Waiver.................27
              7.3.3   Configuration Control Board (CCB).......................27
              7.3.4   Configuration Status Accounting and Verification........27
     7.4      Data Management  28
              7.4.1   Contract Data Requirements..............................28
              7.4.2   Data Control  28
              7.4.3   Library  28
     7.5      Subcontractor Configuration and Data Management.................28
              7.5.1   Configuration Management................................28
              7.5.2   Data Management.........................................28
Figure 1. Problem Report Form  8
Table 1. Hardware Material Review Authority...................................14

<PAGE>










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 APPENDIX D]

<PAGE>


                       ORION 3 SATELLITE PURCHASE CONTRACT


                                    EXHIBIT F


                                  PAYMENT PLAN


                                       AND


                          TERMINATION LIABILITY AMOUNT


                                  PAYMENT PLAN










<PAGE>







[CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR PAGES 1 TO 2 OF THIS EXHIBIT F.]







<PAGE>


                       ORION 3 SATELLITE PURCHASE CONTRACT


                                    EXHIBIT G

SCHEDULES TO ARTICLE 15


Schedule 15.3
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

Entity                                         % Ownership by ONS
Orion Satellite Corporation       100%OrionNet, Inc.
100%Orion Finance Corporation     100%Orion Asia Pacific Corporation                              100%Asia Pacific
Space and Communications, Ltd.    83% or 100%International Technology Gateway (U.K.) Limited      60%International Private Satellite
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S>                               <C>
</TABLE>


Schedule 15.4

                  In October 1995,  Skydata  Corporation  ("Skydata"),  a former
contractor,  filed suit against Orion Atlantic,  Orion Satellite Corporation and
Orion,  in the United States  District Court for the Middle District of Florida,
claiming  that certain  Orion  Atlantic  Operations  using frame relay  switches
infringe  a Skydata  patent.  Skydata's  suit  sought  damages  in excess of $10
million and asked that any damages  assessed be trebled.  On December  11, 1995,
the Orion  parties  filed a motion to dismiss the lawsuit on the grounds of lack
of jurisdiction and violation of a mandatory arbitration agreement. In addition,
on December 19, 1995, the Orion parties filed a Demand for  Arbitration  against
Skydata  with  the  American  Arbitration   Association  in  Atlanta,   Georgia,
requesting   damages  in  excess  of  $100,000   for  breach  of  contract   and
declarations,   among  other  things,  that  Orion  and  Orion  Atlantic  own  a
royalty-free license to the patent, that the patent is invalid and unenforceable
and that Orion and Orion Atlantic have not infringed on the patent.  On March 5,
1996, the court granted the Company's motion to dismiss the lawsuit on the basis
that Skydata's claims are subject to arbitration. Skydata appealed the dismissal
to the United States Court of Appeals to the Federal Circuit. Skydata also filed
a counterclaim in the arbitration  proceedings  asserting a claim for $2 million
damages as a result of the conduct of Orion and its affiliates. On May 15, 1996,
the  arbitrator  granted the Orion  parties'  request for an initial  hearing on
claims  relating  to the Orion  parties'  rights to the  patent,  including  the
co-ownership  claim and other  contractual  claims.  This  initial  hearing  was
scheduled to take place in November 1996.

                  On November 9, 1996,  Orion and Skydata executed a letter with
respect to the settlement in full of the pending litigation and arbitration.  As
part of the  settlement,  the  parties  are to release all claims by either side
relating in any way to the patent and/or the pending litigation and arbitration.
In addition,  Skydata is to grant Orion (and its  affiliates)  an  unrestricted,
word-wide  paid-up  license to make,  have made, use or sell products or methods
under the patent and all other corresponding  consideration and reissue patents.
Orion  is to pay  Skydata  $437,000  over a period  of two  years as part of the
settlement.  The  parties  are in the  process of  documenting  the terms of the
settlement in a formal settlement agreement.


Schedule 15.5

$10,000,000  letter of credit issued by Chase  Manhattan Bank, N.A. on behalf of
Customer in favor of DACOM Corp.

<PAGE>

Schedule 15.6

Lien on  approximately  $10M of funds deposited with Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A.,
as security for the letter of credit referenced on Schedule 15.5.


Schedule 15.7

Contract Documents Relating to Procurement of Orion 2 and Orion 3 Satellites

Contracts for the Provision of Telecommunications Service in the ordinary course
of business

DACOM Contract


Schedule 15.9

1995 Form 10-K

Form 10-Qs for the periods ending:

          June 30, 1995 March 31, 1996 June 30, 1996 September 30, 1996

1995 Proxy Statement

1995 Annual Report


   
                                Schedule 15.12*
                                ---------------



Hughes' rights in contract to be acknowledged by Lender and to which Lender will
agree not to contest one contained in the following Paragraphs of the Contract.*

               4.5                 14.10               30.3
               4.6                 15.1                30.4
               4.8A                15.2                30.5
               4.9                 15.ll               30.9
               4.12                15.12               34.1
               4.13                15.14               34.2
               4.14                15.18               34.3
               4.15                17.2                35.1
               4.16                17.3                35.2
               4.17                17.6                35.6
               4.18                21.10               35.7
               4.19                26.1                35.8
               5.9                 26.2                35.10
               9.3                 26.3                39.1
               11.2                26.4                39.2
               11.4                30.1







- ----------
     *Note:  Paragraph  citations are to 1/12/97 Draft.  As provisions are moved
             in accordance  with my January 14, 1997 letter the  citations  will
             have to be renumbered.

     
    


<PAGE>

                       ORION 3 SATELLITE PURCHASE CONTRACT


                                    EXHIBIT H

PAYLOAD LONG-LEAD INVENTORY ITEMS





<PAGE>









                       ORION 3 SATELLITE PURCHASE CONTRACT


                                    EXHIBIT I

                              TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE










<PAGE>













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       EXHIBIT I]



















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