AMERICAN PHYSICIANS SERVICE GROUP INC
8-K, 1999-09-22
MANAGEMENT SERVICES
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                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

                             WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

                             -----------------------

                                    FORM 8-K

                                 CURRENT REPORT

                     Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
                         Securities Exchange Act of 1934

                Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported):

                               September 22, 1999


                     AMERICAN PHYSICIANS SERVICE GROUP, INC.
               (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

           Texas                        ________                 75-1458323
      (State or Other                  (Commission            (I.R.S. Employer
       Jurisdiction of                 File Number)          Identification No.)
       Incorporation)

  1301 Capital of Texas Highway
  Suite C-300
  Austin, Texas                                                     78746
  (Address of Principal Executive Offices)                        (Zip Code)

                                 (512) 328-0888
              (Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

                                 NOT APPLICABLE
          (Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)


<PAGE>


ITEM 5.         Other Events.

         On June 8, 1999, the Board of Directors of American  Physicians Service
Group, Inc. (the "Company")  declared a dividend of one preferred share purchase
right (a "Right") for each  outstanding  share of common stock,  par value $0.10
per share (the  "Common  Shares"),  of the  Company.  The dividend is payable on
August 15, 1999 (the "Record Date") to the  shareholders of record on that date.
Each Right  entitles  the  registered  holder to  purchase  from the Company one
one-thousandth of a share of Junior Participating Preferred Stock, Series A, par
value $1.00 per share (the "Preferred Shares"), of the Company at a price of $20
per one one-thousandth of a Preferred Share (the "Purchase  Price"),  subject to
adjustment.  The  description  and terms of the Rights are set forth in a Rights
Agreement  (the  "Rights  Agreement")  between the Company  and  American  Stock
Transfer & Trust Company as Rights Agent (the "Rights Agent").

         Until  the  earlier  to  occur  of  (i)  10  days  following  a  public
announcement  that a person or group of  affiliated  or  associated  persons (an
"Acquiring  Person")  has  acquired  beneficial  ownership of 20% or more of the
outstanding Common Shares or (ii) 10 business days (or such later date as may be
determined by action of the Board of Directors  prior to such time as any person
or group of  affiliated  persons  becomes an  Acquiring  Person)  following  the
commencement  of, or  announcement  of an  intention  to make, a tender offer or
exchange  offer  the  consummation  of  which  would  result  in the  beneficial
ownership by a person or group of 20% or more of the  outstanding  Common Shares
(the earlier of such dates being  called the  "Distribution  Date"),  the Rights
will  be  evidenced,  with  respect  to  any of the  Common  Share  certificates
outstanding as of the Record Date, by such Common Share  certificate with a copy
of a Summary of Rights attached thereto.

         The Rights Agreement  provides that,  until the  Distribution  Date (or
earlier redemption or expiration of the Rights),  the Rights will be transferred
with and only with the Common Shares.  Until the  Distribution  Date (or earlier
redemption or expiration of the Rights),  new Common Share  certificates  issued
after the Record  Date upon  transfer  or new  issuance  of Common  Shares  will
contain a notation  incorporating  the Rights Agreement by reference.  Until the
Distribution  Date (or earlier  redemption  or  expiration  of the Rights),  the
surrender for transfer of any certificates  for Common Shares  outstanding as of
the Record Date,  even without such  notation or a copy of the Summary of Rights
being  attached  thereto,  will  also  constitute  the  transfer  of the  Rights
associated with the Common Shares  represented by such  certificate.  As soon as
practicable  following the Distribution Date, separate  certificates  evidencing
the Rights  ("Rights  Certificates")  will be mailed to holders of record of the
Common  Shares as of the close of  business  on the  Distribution  Date and such
separate Rights Certificates alone will evidence the Rights.

         The Rights are not exercisable until the Distribution  Date. The Rights
will expire on August 15, 2009 (the "Final Expiration Date"),  unless the Rights
are earlier  redeemed or exchanged by the  Company,  in each case,  as described
below.

         The Purchase Price payable, and the number of Preferred Shares or other
securities  or  property  issuable,  upon  exercise of the Rights are subject to
adjustment  from time to time to  prevent  dilution  (i) in the event of a stock
dividend on, or a subdivision, combination or reclassification of, the Preferred

<PAGE>

Shares, (ii) upon the grant to holders of the Preferred Shares of certain rights
or  warrants  to  subscribe  for or  purchase  Preferred  Shares at a price,  or
securities  convertible into Preferred Shares with a conversion price, less than
the  then  current  market  price of the  Preferred  Shares,  or (iii)  upon the
distribution to holders of the Preferred  Shares of evidences of indebtedness or
assets  (excluding  regular  periodic  cash  dividends  paid out of  earnings or
retained  earnings or dividends  payable in Preferred Shares) or of subscription
rights or warrants (other than those referred to above).

         The number of outstanding Rights and the number of one  one-thousandths
of a Preferred  Share  issuable  upon exercise of each Right are also subject to
adjustment  in the  event  of a stock  split  of the  Common  Shares  or a stock
dividend  on the  Common  Shares  payable  in  Common  Shares  or  subdivisions,
consolidations or combinations of the Common Shares occurring, in any such case,
prior to the Distribution Date.

         Preferred  Shares  purchasable  upon exercise of the Rights will not be
redeemable.  Each  Preferred  Share will be entitled  to a minimum  preferential
quarterly  dividend  payment of $1.00 per share  and,  upon any  declaration  of
dividends on common  shares,  will be entitled to an aggregate  dividend of 1000
times the dividend  declared per Common Share. In the event of liquidation,  the
holders of the Preferred  Shares will be entitled to a preferential  liquidation
payment  equal to the  greater  of (a)  $1000  per  share or (b) 1000  times the
payment made per Common Share. Each Preferred Share will have 1000 votes, voting
together  with  the  Common  Shares.  Finally,  in  the  event  of  any  merger,
consolidation  or other  transaction in which Common Shares are exchanged,  each
Preferred  Share will be entitled to receive 1000 times the amount  received per
Common Share. These rights are protected by customary antidilution provisions.

         Because of the nature of the Preferred  Shares'  dividend,  liquidation
and voting rights, the value of the one  one-thousandth  interest in a Preferred
Share  purchasable  upon exercise of each Right should  approximate the value of
one Common Share.

         In the event that the Company is acquired in a merger or other business
combination  transaction  or 50% or more of its  consolidated  assets or earning
power are sold after a person or group has become an  Acquiring  Person,  proper
provision will be made so that each holder of a Right will  thereafter  have the
right to receive,  upon the exercise  thereof at the then current exercise price
of the Right,  that number of shares of common  stock of the  acquiring  company
which at the time of such  transaction will have a market value of two times the
exercise price of the Right. In the event that any person or group of affiliated
or associated  persons becomes an Acquiring  Person,  proper  provision shall be
made so that each holder of a Right, other than Rights beneficially owned by the
Acquiring Person (which will thereafter be void), will thereafter have the right
to receive upon  exercise  that number of Common Shares having a market value of
two times the exercise price of the Right.

         At any time after any person or group  becomes an Acquiring  Person and
prior  to the  acquisition  by  such  person  or  group  of 50% or  more  of the
outstanding  Common  Shares,  the Board of Directors of the Company may exchange
the Rights  (other  than  Rights  owned by such  person or group which will have
become void),  in whole or in part, at an exchange ratio of one Common Share, or
one one-thousandth of a Preferred Share, per Right (subject to adjustment).

<PAGE>

         With certain  exceptions,  no adjustment in the Purchase  Price will be
required until  cumulative  adjustments  require an adjustment of at least 1% in
such Purchase Price. No fractional  Preferred  Shares will be issued (other than
fractions  which are  integral  multiples of one  one-thousandth  of a Preferred
Share,  which may, at the  election of the Company,  be evidenced by  depositary
receipts) and in lieu  thereof,  an adjustment in cash will be made based on the
market price of the  Preferred  Shares on the last trading day prior to the date
of exercise.

         At any time prior to the acquisition by a person or group of affiliated
or associated persons of beneficial  ownership of 20% or more of the outstanding
Common  Shares,  the Board of  Directors of the Company may redeem the Rights in
whole, but not in part, at a price of $0.01 per Right (the "Redemption  Price").
The  redemption  of the Rights may be made  effective at such time on such basis
with  such  conditions  as the Board of  Directors  in its sole  discretion  may
establish.  Immediately upon any redemption of the Rights, the right to exercise
the Rights will terminate and the only right of the holders of Rights will be to
receive the Redemption Price.

         The terms of the Rights may be amended by the Board of Directors of the
Company  without the consent of the holders of the Rights,  except that from and
after  such time as any  person or group of  affiliated  or  associated  persons
becomes an Acquiring Person no such amendment may adversely affect the interests
of the holders of the Rights.

         Until a Right is exercised,  the holder thereof,  as such, will have no
rights as a shareholder of the Company, including, without limitation, the right
to vote or to receive dividends.

           The Rights have certain anti-takeover  effects. The Rights will cause
substantial  dilution to a person or group that  attempts to acquire the Company
on terms not approved by the Company's Board of Directors, except pursuant to an
offer conditioned on a substantial  number of Rights being acquired.  The Rights
should not interfere with any merger or other business  combination  approved by
the Board of  Directors  since the Rights may be  redeemed by the Company at the
Redemption  Price  prior  to the  time  that a  person  or  group  has  acquired
beneficial ownership of 20% or more of the Common Shares.

           The  Rights  Agreement,  dated as of August  15,  1999,  between  the
Company and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as Rights Agent, specifying
the terms of the Rights  and  including  the form of  Statement  of  Resolutions
setting forth the terms of the Preferred Shares as an exhibit  thereto,  and the
form of press release  announcing the declaration of the Rights are incorporated
herein by reference as exhibits hereto. The foregoing  description of the Rights
is qualified in its entirety by reference to such exhibit.


<PAGE>



ITEM 7.  Financial Statements, Pro Forma Financial Information and Exhibits.

                (c)        Exhibits.

                4.1        Rights  Agreement,  dated  as  of  August  15,  1999,
                           between American  Physicians  Service Group, Inc. and
                           American   Stock   Transfer  &  Trust  Company  which
                           includes the form of Statement of Resolutions setting
                           forth the terms of the Junior Participating Preferred
                           Stock,  Series A, par value $1 per share,  as Exhibit
                           A, the form of Rights  Certificate  as  Exhibit B and
                           the Summary of Rights to Purchase Preferred Shares as
                           Exhibit C.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to Form 8-A
                           filed September 22, 1999)

                99.1       Press Release  issued by the Company on September 21,
                           1999.  (Incorporated  by reference to Form 8-A filed
                           September 22, 1999)


<PAGE>


                                    SIGNATURE

         Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended,  the  registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf
by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

Dated:  September 22, 1999

                                     American Physicians Service Group, Inc.


                                     By:  /s/  Kenneth S. Shifrin
                                         ------------------------------
                                     Name:   Kenneth S. Shifrin
                                     Title:  Chairman of the Board
                                             and Chief Executive Officer




<PAGE>


                                  EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit No.                                          Description

4.1               Rights  Agreement,  dated  as  of  August  15,  1999,  between
                  American  Physicians  Service  Group,  Inc. and American Stock
                  Transfer & Trust Company which  includes the form of Statement
                  of   Resolutions   setting  forth  the  terms  of  the  Junior
                  Participating  Preferred  Stock,  Series  A, par  value $1 per
                  share, as Exhibit A, the form of Rights Certificate as Exhibit
                  B and the  Summary of Rights to Purchase  Preferred  Shares as
                  Exhibit  C.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to Form  8-A  filed
                  September 22, 1999)

99.1              Press  Release  issued by the Company on September 21, 1999.
                 (Incorporated  by reference to Form 8-A filed September 22,
                  1999)



                                RIGHTS AGREEMENT


                                 by and between


                     American Physicians Service Group, Inc.


                                 (the "Company")


                                       and


                     American Stock Transfer & Trust Company

                              (the "Rights Agent")

                           Dated as of August 15, 1999





<PAGE>


043860.0000  AUSTIN 110709 v4

                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section 1.   Certain Definitions.............................................2
Section 2.   Appointment of Rights Agent.....................................7
Section 3.   Issue of Rights Certificates....................................8
Section 4.   Form of Rights Certificates.....................................11
Section 5.   Countersignature and Registration...............................12
Section 6.   Transfer, Split Up, Combination and Exchange of Rights
               Certificates;
             Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Rights Certificates....... 13
Section 7.   Exercise of Rights; Purchase Price; Expiration Date of Rights...15
Section 8.   Cancellation and Destruction of Rights Certificates.............17
Section 9.   Availability of Preferred Shares................................18
Section 10.  Preferred Shares Record Date....................................20
Section 11.  Adjustment of Purchase Price, Number of Shares or Number of
               Rights........................................................21
Section 12.  Certificate of Adjusted Purchase Price or Number of Shares......34
Section 13.  Consolidation, Merger or Sale or Transfer of Assets or
               Earning Power.................................................34
Section 14.  Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares.........................36
Section 15.  Rights of Action................................................38
Section 16.  Agreement of Right Holders............................... ......39
Section 17.  Rights Certificate Holder Not Deemed a Shareholder........ .....40
Section 18.  Concerning the Rights Agent.....................................41
Section 19.  Merger or Consolidation or Change of Name of Rights Agent.. ....42
Section 20.  Duties of Rights Agent...................................... ...43
Section 21.  Change of Rights Agent..........................................46
Section 22.  Issuance of New Rights Certificates.............................48
Section 23.  Redemption......................................................49
Section 24.  Exchange........................................................50
Section 25.  Notice of Certain Events........................................52
Section 26.  Notices.........................................................54
Section 27.  Supplements and Amendments................................... ..54
Section 28.  Successors....................................................  55
Section 29.  Determinations and Actions by the Board, etc....................55
Section 30.  Benefits of this Agreement......................................56
Section 31.  Severability....................................................56
Section 32.  Governing Law...................................................57
Section 33.  Counterparts....................................................57
Section 34.  Descriptive Headings............................................57

Exhibit A -       Form of Statement  of  Resolutions  Establishing  Series A
                  Junior  Participating  Preferred Stock of American  Physicians
                  Service Group, Inc.
Exhibit B -       Form of Rights Certificate
Exhibit C -       Summary of Rights to Purchase Preferred Shares



<PAGE>



                                RIGHTS AGREEMENT



         THIS RIGHTS AGREEMENT (this "Agreement"),  dated as of August 15, 1999,
is made and entered into by and between American Physicians Service Group, Inc.,
a Texas corporation (the "Company"), and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company
(the "Rights Agent").

                              PRELIMINARY STATEMENT

         On June 8, 1999 the Board of  Directors  of the Company  (the  "Board")
authorized  and declared a dividend of one  preferred  share  purchase  right (a
"Right")  for  each  Common  Share  (as  hereinafter  defined)  of  the  Company
outstanding  at the close of business on August 15,  1999 (the  "Record  Date"),
each Right  representing the right to purchase one one-thousandth of a Preferred
Share (as  hereinafter  defined),  upon the terms and subject to the  conditions
herein set forth, and further  authorized and directed the issuance of one Right
with  respect to each Common  Share that shall  become  outstanding  between the
Record Date and the earliest of the  Distribution  Date, the Redemption Date and
the Final Expiration Date (as such terms are hereinafter defined).

                             STATEMENT OF AGREEMENT

         NOW,  THEREFORE,  in  consideration  of the  premises  and  the  mutual
agreements,  covenants,   representations  and  warranties  set  forth  in  this
Agreement and for other good, valid and binding  consideration,  the receipt and
sufficiency  of which are hereby  acknowledged,  the  parties,  intending  to be
legally bound, hereby agree as follows:

         Section 1.    Certain  Definitions.  For  purposes of this  Agreement,
                       the  following  terms have the meanings indicated:

         (a)  "Acquiring  Person"  shall  mean  any  Person  (as  such  term  is
hereinafter  defined) who or which,  together with all Affiliates and Associates
(as such terms are hereinafter  defined) of such Person, shall be the Beneficial
Owner (as such term is hereinafter  defined) of 20% or more of the Common Shares
of the  Company  then  outstanding,  but  shall not  include  the  Company,  any
Subsidiary  (as such term is hereinafter  defined) of the Company,  any employee
benefit  plan of the Company or any  Subsidiary  of the  Company,  or any entity
holding  Common  Shares  for  or  pursuant  to  the  terms  of  any  such  plan.
Notwithstanding the foregoing:

                  (i) no Person shall become an "Acquiring Person" as the result
         of an acquisition  of Common Shares by the Company  which,  by reducing
         the number of shares outstanding, increases the proportionate number of
         shares  beneficially  owned by such Person to 20% or more of the Common
         Shares of the Company then outstanding;  provided,  however,  that if a
         Person shall become the  Beneficial  Owner of 20% or more of the Common
         Shares of the Company then  outstanding by reason of share purchases by
         the  Company  and shall,  after such share  purchases  by the  Company,
         become the  Beneficial  Owner of any  additional  Common  Shares of the
         Company, then such Person shall be deemed to be an "Acquiring Person";

<PAGE>

                  (ii)  no  Person   specified   in  Rule   16a-1(a)(1)(i)-(vii)
         promulgated  pursuant to the Exchange Act shall be an Acquiring  Person
         if, after excluding any shares (the "Excluded  Shares") of Common Stock
         held by such  Person for the  benefit of third  parties or in  customer
         accounts  in the  ordinary  course  of  business  (or in the case of an
         employee benefit plan specified in Rule 16a-1(vi), any shares of Common
         Stock allocated to plan  participants  where  participants  have voting
         power),  such Person would not be considered an Acquiring Person;  but,
         the foregoing  qualification  contained in this  subparagraph (ii) does
         not apply in the event that either (A) the Board shall have  determined
         that such  Excluded  Shares were acquired by or are held by such Person
         with the purpose or effect of changing  or  influencing  control of the
         Company or engaging in any  arrangement  subject to Rule 13d-3(b) under
         the Exchange Act, or (B) such Excluded Shares,  together with all other
         shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by such Person,  shall amount
         to greater than 30% of the shares of Common Stock then outstanding; and

                  (iii) if the Board  determines in good faith that a Person who
         would otherwise be an "Acquiring  Person",  as defined  pursuant to the
         foregoing   provisions   of  this   paragraph   (a),  has  become  such
         inadvertently,  and such Person  divests as promptly as  practicable  a
         sufficient  number of Common Shares so that such Person would no longer
         be  an  "Acquiring  Person,"  as  defined  pursuant  to  the  foregoing
         provisions of this  paragraph (a), then such Person shall not be deemed
         to be an "Acquiring Person" for any purposes of this Agreement.

         (b)  "Affiliate"  and  "Associate"  shall have the respective  meanings
ascribed to such terms in Rule 12b-2 of the General Rules and Regulations  under
the  Securities  Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the  "Exchange  Act"),  as in
effect on the date of this Agreement.

         (c) A "Person" shall be deemed the  "Beneficial  Owner" of and shall be
deemed to "beneficially own" any securities:

                  (i)   which such Person or any of such Person's  Affiliates or
         Associates  beneficially  owns, directly or indirectly;

                  (ii) which such Person or any of such  Person's  Affiliates or
         Associates has the right to acquire  (whether such right is exercisable
         immediately  or  only  after  the  passage  of  time)  pursuant  to any
         agreement,  arrangement  or  understanding  (whether or not in writing)
         (other than  customary  agreements  with and between  underwriters  and
         selling  group  members with respect to a bona fide public  offering of
         securities),  or upon  the  exercise  of  conversion  rights,  exchange
         rights, rights, warrants or options, or otherwise;  provided,  however,
         that a Person  shall  not be  deemed  the  Beneficial  Owner  of, or to
         beneficially  own (A)  securities  tendered  pursuant  to a  tender  or
         exchange  offer  made by or on  behalf  of such  Person  or any of such
         Person's  Affiliates or Associates  until such tendered  securities are
         accepted for  purchase or exchange,  or (B)  securities  issuable  upon
         exercise  of Rights at any time  prior to the  occurrence  of a Trigger
         Event,  or (C)  securities  issuable  upon  exercise of Rights from and
         after the  occurrence  of a Trigger Event which Rights were acquired by
         such Person or any of such Person's  Affiliates or Associates
<PAGE>


         prior to
         the Distribution  Date or pursuant to Section 3(a) or Section 22 hereof
         ("Original  Rights") or pursuant to Section  11(i) hereof in connection
         with an adjustment made to any Original Rights;

                  (iii) which such Person or any of such Person's  Affiliates or
         Associates, directly or indirectly, has the right to vote or dispose of
         or has "beneficial  ownership" of (as determined pursuant to Rule 13d-3
         of the Exchange Act),  including,  without limitation,  pursuant to any
         agreement,  arrangement  or  understanding,  whether or not in writing;
         provided,  however,  that a Person  shall not be deemed the  Beneficial
         Owner of, or to beneficially  own, any security under this subparagraph
         (iii) as a result of an agreement, arrangement or understanding to vote
         such security if such  agreement,  arrangement  or  understanding:  (A)
         arises solely from a revocable proxy or consent given to such Person in
         response to a public proxy or consent  solicitation  made  pursuant to,
         and  in  accordance   with,  the  applicable   rules  and   regulations
         promulgated  under the Exchange Act and (B) is not also then reportable
         on Schedule 13D under the Exchange Act (or any  comparable or successor
         report); or

                  (iv) which are beneficially owned, directly or indirectly,  by
         any other Person (or any  Affiliate or  Associate  thereof)  with which
         such Person or any of such Person's  Affiliates  or Associates  has any
         agreement,  arrangement  or  understanding  (whether or not in writing)
         (other than  customary  agreements  with and between  underwriters  and
         selling  group  members with respect to a bona fide public  offering of
         securities)  for the purpose of acquiring,  holding,  voting (except to
         the  extent  contemplated  by the  proviso  to  Section  1(c)(iii))  or
         disposing of any securities of the Company.

         Notwithstanding  anything in this definition of Beneficial Ownership to
the  contrary,  the phrase  "then  outstanding,"  when used with  reference to a
Person's  Beneficial  Ownership of  securities  of the  Company,  shall mean the
number of such securities  then issued and outstanding  together with the number
of such securities not then actually  issued and  outstanding  which such Person
would be deemed to own beneficially hereunder.

         (d) "Business Day" shall mean any day other than a Saturday,  a Sunday,
or a day on which banking  institutions  in the State of Texas are authorized or
obligated by law or executive order to close.

         (e) "Close of Business" on any given date shall mean 5:00 P.M., Austin,
Texas time, on such date; provided, however, that if such date is not a Business
Day it shall mean 5:00 P.M., Austin, Texas time, on the next succeeding Business
Day.

         (f) "Common  Shares" when used with reference to the Company shall mean
the shares of common  stock,  par value  $0.10 per share (as of the date of this
Agreement),  of the Company.  "Common  Shares"  when used with  reference to any
Person other than the Company shall mean the capital stock (or equity  interest)
with the greatest  voting power of such other Person or, if such other Person is
a Subsidiary of another Person,  the Person or Persons which ultimately  control
such first-mentioned Person.

<PAGE>


         (g)  "Distribution  Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3
hereof.

         (h) "Final Expiration Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
7 hereof.

         (i) "Person"  shall mean any  individual,  firm,  corporation  or other
entity, and shall include any successor (by merger or otherwise) of such entity.

         (j)  "Preferred  Shares"  shall  mean  shares of  Junior  Participating
Preferred Stock,  Series A, par value $1.00 per share, of the Company having the
rights  and  preferences  set  forth in the  Form of  Statement  of  Resolutions
Establishing  Series A Junior  Participating  Preferred  Stock  attached to this
Agreement as Exhibit A.

         (k)  "Redemption  Date"  shall have the  meaning set forth in Section 7
hereof.

         (l)      "Section 11(a)(ii) Event" shall mean any event described in
Section 11(a)(ii) hereof.

         (m)      "Section  13 Event"  shall  mean any event  described  in
clauses  (a),  (b) or (c) of Section 13 hereof.

         (n)  "Shares  Acquisition  Date"  shall  mean  any  date  specified  by
resolution  of the Board  following  the first  public  announcement  (which for
purposes of this definition,  shall include,  without limitation, a report filed
pursuant to Section  13(d) of the  Exchange  Act) by the Company or an Acquiring
Person that an Acquiring Person has become such.

         (o)  "Subsidiary"  of any Person  shall mean any  corporation  or other
entity of which a majority of the voting power of the voting  equity  securities
or equity interest is owned, directly or indirectly, by such Person.

         (p)      "Trigger Event" shall mean any Section 11(a)(ii) Event and/or
any Section 13 Event.

         Section 2. APPOINTMENT OF RIGHTS AGENT. The Company hereby appoints the
Rights Agent to act as agent for the Company and the holders of the Rights (who,
in accordance with Section 3 hereof,  shall prior to the Distribution  Date also
be the holders of the Common Stock) in accordance  with the terms and conditions
hereof,  and the Rights Agent hereby accepts such  appointment.  The Company may
from time to time  appoint  such  co-rights  agents as it may deem  necessary or
desirable.

         Section 3. ISSUE OF RIGHTS CERTIFICATES.

         (a) Until the  earlier  of (i) the close of  business  on the tenth day
after  the  Shares  Acquisition  Date (or,  if the  tenth  day after the  Shares
Acquisition  Date occurs  before the Record  Date,  the close of business on the
Record Date),  or (ii) the close of business on the tenth  business day (or such
later date as may be determined by action of the Board prior to such time as any
Person becomes an Acquiring  Person) after the date of the  commencement  by any


<PAGE>

Person  (other than the Company,  any  Subsidiary  of the Company,  any employee
benefit  plan of the Company or of any  Subsidiary  of the Company or any entity
holding  Common  Shares for or pursuant to the terms of any such plan) of, or of
the first public  announcement  of the  intention of any Person  (other than the
Company, any Subsidiary of the Company, any employee benefit plan of the Company
or of any  Subsidiary of the Company or any entity  holding Common Shares for or
pursuant to the terms of any such plan) to commence,  a tender or exchange offer
within the meaning of Rule 14d-2(a) of the General Rules and  Regulations  under
the Exchange Act, the  consummation of which would result in any Person becoming
the  Beneficial  Owner  of  Common  Shares  aggregating  20% or more of the then
outstanding  Common Shares  (including  any such date which is after the date of
this  Agreement  and prior to the  issuance of the  Rights;  the earlier of such
dates being herein referred to as the "Distribution  Date"), (x) the Rights will
be  evidenced  (subject  to  the  provisions  of  Section  3(b)  hereof)  by the
certificates  for Common Shares  registered in the names of the holders  thereof
(which  certificates shall also be deemed to be certificates for Rights) and not
by separate Rights certificates, and (y) the Rights will be transferable only in
connection with the transfer of Common Shares.  As soon as practicable after the
Distribution  Date, the Company will prepare and execute,  the Rights Agent will
countersign, and the Company will send or cause to be sent (and the Rights Agent
will,  if  requested  and  provided  with all  necessary  information,  send) by
first-class,  insured,  postage-prepaid  mail,  to each record  holder of Common
Shares as of the close of business on the  Distribution  Date, at the address of
such  holder  shown on the  records of the  Company,  a Rights  certificate,  in
substantially the form of Exhibit B hereto (a "Rights Certificate"),  evidencing
one Right for each Common Share so held. As of and after the Distribution  Date,
the Rights will be evidenced solely by such Rights Certificates.

         (b) On the  Record  Date,  or as soon as  practicable  thereafter,  the
Company will send a copy of a Summary of Rights to Purchase Preferred Shares, in
substantially  the form of  Exhibit  C hereto  (the  "Summary  of  Rights"),  by
first-class,  postage-prepaid mail, to each record holder of Common Shares as of
the close of  business  on the Record  Date,  at the address of such holder then
shown on the records of the  Company.  With respect to  certificates  for Common
Shares  outstanding  as of the Record Date,  until the  Distribution  Date,  the
Rights will be evidenced  by such  certificates  registered  in the names of the
holders thereof together with a copy of the Summary of Rights attached  thereto.
Until the Distribution Date (or the earliest of the Redemption Date or the Final
Expiration  Date),  the  surrender  for transfer of any  certificate  for Common
Shares  outstanding on the Record Date, with or without a copy of the Summary of
Rights  attached  thereto,  shall also  constitute  the  transfer  of the Rights
associated with the Common Shares represented thereby.

         (c) Certificates for Common Shares which become outstanding (including,
without limitation, reacquired Common Shares referred to in the last sentence of
this  paragraph  (c)) after the  Record  Date but prior to the  earliest  of the
Distribution  Date, the Redemption Date or the Final  Expiration Date shall have
impressed on, printed on, written on or otherwise  affixed to them the following
legend:

                  This certificate also evidences and entitles the holder hereof
         to certain rights as set forth in a Rights  Agreement  between American
         Physicians  Service  Group,  Inc. and American  Stock  Transfer & Trust


<PAGE>

         Company dated as of August 15, 1999 (the "Rights Agreement"), the terms
         of which are  hereby  incorporated  herein by  reference  and a copy of
         which  is on  file  at the  principal  executive  offices  of  American
         Physicians  Service  Group,  Inc. Under certain  circumstances,  as set
         forth  in the  Rights  Agreement,  such  Rights  will be  evidenced  by
         separate  certificates,  and  will  no  longer  be  evidenced  by  this
         certificate.  American  Physicians Service Group, Inc. will mail to the
         holder  of this  certificate  a copy of the  Rights  Agreement  without
         charge  after  receipt of a written  request  therefor.  Under  certain
         circumstances,  as set forth in the Rights Agreement,  Rights issued to
         any  Person  who  becomes  an  Acquiring  Person  or any  Affiliate  or
         Associate  thereof  (as  defined  in  the  Rights  Agreement),  whether
         currently  held by or on  behalf of such  Person  or by any  subsequent
         holder, may become null and void.

With respect to such  certificates  containing the foregoing  legend,  until the
Distribution  Date, the Rights associated with the Common Shares  represented by
such  certificates  shall  be  evidenced  by such  certificates  alone,  and the
surrender  for  transfer  of any such  certificate  shall  also  constitute  the
transfer of the Rights associated with the Common Shares represented thereby. In
the event that the Company  purchases  or acquires  any Common  Shares after the
Record Date but prior to the Distribution  Date, any Rights associated with such
Common Shares shall be deemed canceled and retired so that the Company shall not
be entitled to exercise any Rights  associated  with the Common Shares which are
no longer outstanding.

         Section 4.        FORM OF RIGHTS CERTIFICATES.

         (a) The Rights  Certificates  (and the forms of  election  to  purchase
Preferred  Shares and of assignment to be printed on the reverse  thereof) shall
be  substantially  the same as  Exhibit  B hereto  and may  have  such  marks of
identification  or  designation  and such  legends,  summaries  or  endorsements
printed thereon as the Company may deem  appropriate and as are not inconsistent
with the provisions of this Agreement,  or as may be required to comply with any
applicable law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant  thereto or with any
rule or  regulation  of any stock  exchange on which the Rights may from time to
time be listed, or to conform to usage.  Subject to the provisions of Section 11
and Section 22 hereof, the Rights Certificates shall entitle the holders thereof
to purchase such number of one  one-thousandths of a Preferred Share as shall be
set forth therein at the price set forth therein  (such  exercise  price per one
one-thousandth of a Preferred Share, the "Purchase  Price"),  but such number of
one one-thousandths of a Preferred Share and the Purchase Price shall be subject
to adjustment as provided herein.

         (b) Any Rights  Certificate  issued pursuant to Section 3(a) or Section
22 hereof that represents Rights  beneficially owned by: (i) an Acquiring Person
or any  Associate or Affiliate of an Acquiring  Person,  (ii) a transferee of an
Acquiring  Person  (or of  any  such  Associate  or  Affiliate)  who  becomes  a
transferee  after the Acquiring Person becomes such, or (iii) a transferee of an
Acquiring  Person  (or of  any  such  Associate  or  Affiliate)  who  becomes  a
transferee prior to or concurrently  with the Acquiring Person becoming such and
receives  such  Rights  pursuant  to either (A) a transfer  (whether  or not for
consideration)  from the Acquiring Person to holders of equity interests in such
Acquiring  Person  or to any  Person  with whom such  Acquiring  Person  has any
continuing agreement,  arrangement or understanding  (whether or not in writing)


<PAGE>

regarding  the  transferred  Rights  or  (B) a  transfer  which  the  Board  has
determined is part of a plan,  arrangement or  understanding  (whether or not in
writing) which has as a primary purpose or effect avoidance of Section 11(a)(ii)
hereof,  and any Rights  Certificate  issued pursuant to Section 6 or Section 11
hereof upon  transfer,  exchange,  replacement or adjustment of any other Rights
Certificate referred to in this sentence, shall contain (to the extent feasible)
the following legend:

                  The Rights  represented by this Rights Certificate are or were
         beneficially owned by a Person who was or became an Acquiring Person or
         an Affiliate  or  Associate  of an Acquiring  Person (as such terms are
         defined in the Rights Agreement).  Accordingly, this Rights Certificate
         and the  Rights  represented  hereby  may  become  null and void in the
         circumstances specified in Section 11(a)(ii) of such Agreement.

         The provisions of Section  11(a)(ii) shall be operative  whether or not
the foregoing legend is contained on any such Rights Certificate.

         Section 5.  COUNTERSIGNATURE AND REGISTRATION.  The Rights Certificates
shall be  executed on behalf of the  Company by its  Chairman of the Board,  its
Chief  Executive  Officer,  its President,  any of its Vice  Presidents,  or its
Treasurer, either manually or by facsimile signature, shall have affixed thereto
the  Company's  seal or a  facsimile  thereof,  and  shall  be  attested  by the
Secretary  or an  Assistant  Secretary  of the  Company,  either  manually or by
facsimile signature.  The Rights Certificates shall be manually countersigned by
the Rights Agent and shall not be valid for any purpose unless countersigned. In
case any  officer  of the  Company  who  shall  have  signed  any of the  Rights
Certificates   shall   cease  to  be  such   officer  of  the   Company   before
countersignature  by the Rights  Agent and issuance and delivery by the Company,
such Rights Certificates, nevertheless, may be countersigned by the Rights Agent
and issued and delivered by the Company with the same force and effect as though
the person who signed such Rights Certificates had not ceased to be such officer
of the  Company;  and any  Rights  Certificate  may be  signed  on behalf of the
Company by any person who, at the actual  date of the  execution  of such Rights
Certificate,  shall be a proper  officer  of the  Company  to sign  such  Rights
Certificate,  although at the date of the execution of this Rights Agreement any
such person was not such an officer.

         Following the Distribution Date, the Rights Agent will keep or cause to
be  kept,  at  its  principal  office  (the  "Designated  Office"),   books  for
registration  and transfer of the Rights  Certificates  issued  hereunder.  Such
books shall show the names and addresses of the respective holders of the Rights
Certificates,  the number of Rights  evidenced on its face by each of the Rights
Certificates and the date of each of the Rights Certificates.

         Section 6.  TRANSFER,  SPLIT UP,  COMBINATION  AND  EXCHANGE  OF RIGHTS
CERTIFICATES;  MUTILATED, DESTROYED, LOST OR STOLEN RIGHTS CERTIFICATES. Subject
to the  provisions of Section 4(b) and Section 14 hereof,  at any time after the
close of  business  on the  Distribution  Date,  and at or prior to the close of
business on the earlier of the Redemption Date or the Final Expiration Date, any
Rights  Certificate  or Rights  Certificates  (other  than  Rights  Certificates
representing Rights that have become null and void pursuant to Section 11(a)(ii)
hereof or that  have been  exchanged  pursuant  to  Section  24  hereof)  may be


<PAGE>

transferred,  split up, combined or exchanged for another Rights  Certificate or
Rights  Certificates,  entitling the registered holder to purchase a like number
of one  one-thousandths of a Preferred Share as the Rights Certificate or Rights
Certificates  surrendered then entitled such holder to purchase.  Any registered
holder  desiring  to  transfer,   split  up,  combine  or  exchange  any  Rights
Certificate or Rights  Certificates shall make such request in writing delivered
to the  Rights  Agent,  and shall  surrender  the Rights  Certificate  or Rights
Certificates  to  be  transferred,  split  up,  combined  or  exchanged  at  the
Designated Office of the Rights Agent.  Neither the Rights Agent nor the Company
shall be obligated to take any action whatsoever with respect to the transfer of
any such surrendered  Rights  Certificate until the registered holder shall have
completed and signed the certificate  contained in the form of assignment on the
reverse side of such Rights  Certificate and shall have provided such additional
evidence of the identity of the Beneficial Owner (or former Beneficial Owner) or
Affiliates  or  Associates  thereof as the  Company  shall  reasonably  request.
Thereupon  the Rights Agent  shall,  subject to Section  4(b),  Section 7(e) and
Section 14 hereof,  countersign  and  deliver to the Person  entitled  thereto a
Rights Certificate or Rights Certificates,  as the case may be, as so requested.
The  Company  may  require  payment  of a sum  sufficient  to  cover  any tax or
governmental  charge that may be imposed in connection with any transfer,  split
up, combination or exchange of Rights Certificates.

         Upon receipt by the Company and the Rights Agent of evidence reasonably
satisfactory to them of the loss,  theft,  destruction or mutilation of a Rights
Certificate,  and,  in case of  loss,  theft or  destruction,  of  indemnity  or
security  satisfactory to them and  reimbursement  to the Company and the Rights
Agent of all reasonable expenses  incidental thereto,  and upon surrender to the
Rights  Agent and  cancellation  of the Rights  Certificate  if  mutilated,  the
Company will execute and deliver a new Rights  Certificate  of like tenor to the
Rights Agent for  countersignature and delivery to the registered holder in lieu
of the Rights Certificate so lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated.

         Section 7.  EXERCISE OF RIGHTS; PURCHASE PRICE; EXPIRATION DATE OF
                     RIGHTS.

         (a) The registered  holder of any Rights  Certificate  may exercise the
Rights  evidenced  thereby (except as otherwise  provided herein) in whole or in
part at any time  after the  Distribution  Date  upon  surrender  of the  Rights
Certificate,  with the form of election to purchase on the reverse  side thereof
duly and properly executed,  to the Rights Agent at the Designated Office of the
Rights  Agent,  together  with  payment  of the  Purchase  Price  for  each  one
one-thousandth of a Preferred Share as to which the Rights are exercised,  at or
prior to the  earliest  of (i) the close of  business  on August  15,  2009 (the
"Final  Expiration  Date"),  (ii) the time at which the Rights are  redeemed  as
provided  in Section 23 hereof  (the  "Redemption  Date"),  or (iii) the time at
which such Rights are exchanged as provided in Section 24 hereof.

         (b) The Purchase Price for each one one-thousandth of a Preferred Share
purchasable  pursuant to the exercise of a Right shall initially be $20.00,  and
shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as provided in Section 11 or 13
hereof and shall be payable in lawful  money of the United  States of America in
accordance with paragraph (c) below.

         (c) Upon  receipt  of a  Rights  Certificate  representing  exercisable
Rights,  with the form of election to purchase  duly  executed,  accompanied  by
payment of the Purchase Price for the shares to be purchased and an amount equal


<PAGE>

to any  applicable  transfer tax or charge  required to be paid by the holder of
such Rights  Certificate in accordance with Section 9 hereof by certified check,
cashier's  check or money order payable to the order of the Company,  the Rights
Agent shall thereupon  promptly (i) (A)  requisition  from any transfer agent of
the  Preferred  Shares  certificates  for the number of  Preferred  Shares to be
purchased and the Company  hereby  irrevocably  authorizes its transfer agent to
comply with all such requests,  or (B)  requisition  from the  depositary  agent
depositary  receipts  representing  such  number  of  one  one-thousandths  of a
Preferred  Share as are to be  purchased  (in which  case  certificates  for the
Preferred Shares represented by such receipts shall be deposited by the transfer
agent with the  depositary  agent) and the Company hereby directs the depositary
agent to comply with such request,  (ii) when appropriate,  requisition from the
Company the amount of cash, if any, to be paid in lieu of issuance of fractional
shares in  accordance  with  Section  14  hereof,  (iii)  after  receipt of such
certificates or depositary  receipts,  cause the same to be delivered to or upon
the order of the  registered  holder of such Rights  Certificate,  registered in
such  name  or  names  as may be  designated  by  such  holder,  and  (iv)  when
appropriate,  after receipt  thereof,  deliver such cash, if any, to or upon the
order of the registered holder of such Rights Certificate.

         (d) In case the  registered  holder  of any  Rights  Certificate  shall
exercise less than all the Rights evidenced  thereby,  a new Rights  Certificate
evidencing Rights equivalent to the Rights remaining unexercised shall be issued
by the Rights Agent to the  registered  holder of such Rights  Certificate or to
his duly authorized assigns, subject to the provisions of Section 14 hereof.

         (e) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, neither
the Rights Agent nor the Company shall be obligated to undertake any action with
respect to a registered holder upon the occurrence of any purported  exercise as
set  forth in this  Section  7 unless  such  registered  holder  shall  have (i)
properly completed and signed the certificate  contained in the form of election
to purchase set forth on the reverse side of the Rights Certificate  surrendered
for such exercise, and (ii) provided such additional evidence of the identity of
the Beneficial  Owner (or former  Beneficial  Owner) or Affiliates or Associates
thereof as the Company shall reasonably request.

         Section 8.  CANCELLATION  AND DESTRUCTION OF RIGHTS  CERTIFICATES.  All
Rights Certificates surrendered for the purpose of exercise, transfer, split up,
combination  or exchange  shall,  if surrendered to the Company or to any of its
agents,  be delivered to the Rights Agent for  cancellation or in canceled form,
or, if surrendered  to the Rights Agent,  shall be canceled by it, and no Rights
Certificates  shall be issued in lieu thereof  except as expressly  permitted by
any of the provisions of this Agreement. The Company shall deliver to the Rights
Agent for cancellation and retirement,  and the Rights Agent shall so cancel and
retire,  any other  Rights  Certificate  purchased  or  acquired  by the Company
otherwise  than upon the exercise  thereof.  The Rights Agent shall  deliver all
canceled Rights Certificates to the Company, or shall, at the written request of
the Company,  destroy such canceled Rights Certificates,  and in such case shall
deliver a certificate of destruction thereof to the Company.


<PAGE>

         Section 9.        AVAILABILITY OF PREFERRED SHARES.

         (a) The Company  covenants and agrees that it will cause to be reserved
and kept available out of its authorized  and unissued  Preferred  Shares or any
Preferred Shares held in its treasury,  the number of Preferred Shares that will
be  sufficient  to permit  the  exercise  in full of all  outstanding  Rights in
accordance  with Section 7. The Company  covenants  and agrees that it will take
all  such  action  as may be  necessary  to  ensure  that all  Preferred  Shares
delivered  upon  exercise  of  Rights  shall,  at the  time of  delivery  of the
certificates  for such  Preferred  Shares  (subject  to payment of the  Purchase
Price),  be  duly  and  validly   authorized  and  issued  and  fully  paid  and
non-assessable shares.

         (b) So long as the Preferred Shares (and, following the occurrence of a
Trigger Event,  Common Stock and/or other  securities)  issuable and deliverable
upon the  exercise  of the  Rights  may be  listed  on any  national  securities
exchange,  the Company shall use its best efforts to cause,  from and after such
time as the Rights become exercisable,  all shares reserved for such issuance to
be listed on such exchange upon official notice of issuance upon such exercise.

         (c) The  Company  shall use its best  efforts  to (i) file,  as soon as
practicable  following the earliest date after the first occurrence of a Section
11(a)(ii) Event in which the  consideration  to be delivered by the Company upon
exercise of the Rights has been determined in accordance with Section 11(a)(iii)
hereof,  a registration  statement under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Act"),
with respect to the  securities  purchasable  upon  exercise of the Rights on an
appropriate form, (ii) cause such registration  statement to become effective as
soon as  practicable  after  such  filing,  and (iii)  cause  such  registration
statement  to remain  effective  (with a  prospectus  at all times  meeting  the
requirements  of the Act)  until  the  earlier  of (A) the date as of which  the
Rights are no longer  exercisable for such  securities,  and (B) the date of the
expiration  of the  Rights.  The  Company  will also take such  action as may be
appropriate  under, or to ensure  compliance  with, the securities or "blue sky"
laws of the various states in connection with the  exercisability of the Rights.
The Company may temporarily  suspend, for a period of time not to exceed 90 days
after the date set forth in clause  (i) of the first  sentence  of this  Section
9(c),  the  exercisability  of the  Rights  in order to  prepare  and file  such
registration  statement  and  permit  it to  become  effective.  Upon  any  such
suspension,  the Company  shall  issue a public  announcement  stating  that the
exercisability of the Rights has been temporarily suspended, as well as a public
announcement at such time as the suspension is no longer in effect. In addition,
if the  Company  shall  determine  that a  registration  statement  is  required
following  the  Distribution  Date,  the  Company  may  temporarily  suspend the
exercisability  of the Rights until such time as a  registration  statement  has
been declared effective.  Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the
contrary,  the  Rights  shall  not be  exercisable  in any  jurisdiction  if the
requisite  qualification in such jurisdiction shall not have been obtained,  the
exercise  thereof shall not be permitted under  applicable law or a registration
statement shall not have been declared effective.

         (d) The Company further  covenants and agrees that it will pay when due
and payable any and all federal and state  transfer  taxes and charges which may
be payable in respect of the issuance or delivery of the Rights  Certificates or
of any  Preferred  Shares upon the  exercise of Rights.  The Company  shall not,
however,  be required to pay any  transfer tax or charge which may be payable in
respect of any  transfer or delivery of Rights  Certificates  to a Person  other


<PAGE>

than, or the issuance or delivery of certificates or depositary receipts for the
Preferred  Shares in a name  other than that of,  the  registered  holder of the
Rights  Certificate  evidencing  Rights  surrendered for exercise or to issue or
deliver any  certificates or depositary  receipts for Preferred  Shares upon the
exercise  of any Rights  until any such tax or charge  shall have been paid (any
such tax or charge being payable by the holder of such Rights Certificate at the
time  of  surrender)  or  until  it  has  been   established  to  the  Company's
satisfaction that no such tax is due.

         Section 10. PREFERRED SHARES RECORD DATE. Each Person in whose name any
certificate for Preferred Shares is issued upon the exercise of Rights shall for
all  purposes  be deemed to have  become the  holder of record of the  Preferred
Shares  represented  thereby on, and such  certificate  shall be dated, the date
upon which the Rights  Certificate  evidencing such Rights was duly  surrendered
and payment of the Purchase Price (and any applicable transfer taxes or charges)
was made; provided, however, that if the date of such surrender and payment is a
date upon which the Preferred  Shares  transfer books of the Company are closed,
such Person shall be deemed to have become the record  holder of such shares on,
and such certificate  shall be dated, the next succeeding  Business Day on which
the  Preferred  Shares  transfer  books of the  Company  are open.  Prior to the
exercise of the Rights  evidenced  thereby,  the holder of a Rights  Certificate
shall not be  entitled to any rights of a holder of  Preferred  Shares for which
the Rights shall be exercisable,  including,  without  limitation,  the right to
vote, to receive dividends or other  distributions or to exercise any preemptive
rights,  and shall not be entitled to receive any notice of any  proceedings  of
the Company, except as provided herein.

         Section 11. ADJUSTMENT OF PURCHASE PRICE, NUMBER OF SHARES OR NUMBER OF
RIGHTS. The Purchase Price, the number of Preferred Shares covered by each Right
and the number of Rights outstanding are subject to adjustment from time to time
as provided in this Section 11.

                  (a) (i) In the event the  Company  shall at any time after the
         date of this  Agreement (A) declare a dividend on the Preferred  Shares
         payable in Preferred  Shares,  (B) subdivide the outstanding  Preferred
         Shares,  (C) combine the  outstanding  Preferred  Shares into a smaller
         number of  Preferred  Shares,  or (D) issue any  shares of its  capital
         stock in a reclassification of the Preferred Shares (including any such
         reclassification  in connection with a consolidation or merger in which
         the Company is the  continuing  or  surviving  corporation),  except as
         otherwise  provided in this Section  11(a)(ii),  the Purchase  Price in
         effect  at the time of the  record  date for  such  dividend  or of the
         effective date of such  subdivision,  combination or  reclassification,
         and the  number and kind of shares of capital  stock  issuable  on such
         date, shall be proportionately adjusted so that the holder of any Right
         exercised  after such time shall be entitled  to receive the  aggregate
         number and kind of shares of  capital  stock  which,  if such Right had
         been  exercised  immediately  prior to such date and at a time when the
         Preferred  Shares  transfer books of the Company were open, such holder
         would have owned upon such  exercise  and been  entitled  to receive by
         virtue of such dividend, subdivision,  combination or reclassification;
         provided,  however, that in no event shall the consideration to be paid
         upon the exercise of one Right be less than the  aggregate par value of
         the shares of capital  stock of the Company  issuable  upon exercise of
         one Right.

<PAGE>

                  (ii) Subject to Section 24 and to the  limitation set forth in
         the next paragraph of this  Agreement,  in the event any Person becomes
         an Acquiring  Person,  each holder of a Right shall  thereafter  have a
         right to receive,  upon  exercise  thereof at a price equal to the then
         current Purchase Price multiplied by the number of one  one-thousandths
         of a  Preferred  Share  for  which a  Right  is  then  exercisable,  in
         accordance  with the terms of this  Agreement  and in lieu of Preferred
         Shares,  such number of Common Shares of the Company as shall equal the
         result obtained by (x)  multiplying the then current  Purchase Price by
         the  number of one  one-thousandths  of a  Preferred  Share for which a
         Right is then  exercisable  and (y) dividing that product by 50% of the
         then  current per share  market price of the  Company's  Common  Shares
         (determined  pursuant  to  Section  11(d)  hereof)  on the  date of the
         occurrence  of  such  event  (such  resulting  number  of  shares,  the
         "Adjustment  Shares").  In the event  that any Person  shall  become an
         Acquiring Person and the Rights shall then be outstanding,  the Company
         shall  not take any  action  which  would  eliminate  or  diminish  the
         benefits intended to be afforded by the Rights.

                  From and after the  occurrence  of such event,  any Rights (A)
         beneficially  owned  by  any  Acquiring  Person  or  any  Associate  or
         Affiliate of such  Acquiring  Person,  (B) a transferee of an Acquiring
         Person (of any such  Associate or  Affiliate)  who becomes a transferee
         after the  Acquiring  Person  becomes  such,  or (C) a transferee of an
         Acquiring  Person (or of any such Associate or Affiliate) who becomes a
         transferee prior to or concurrently  with the Acquiring Person becoming
         such and  receives  such  Rights  pursuant  to  either  (1) a  transfer
         (whether or not for consideration) from the Acquiring Person to holders
         of equity interests in such Acquiring Person or to any Person with whom
         the  Acquiring  Person has any  continuing  agreement,  arrangement  or
         understanding  (whether or not in writing)  regarding  the  transferred
         Rights or (2) a transfer  which the Board has  determined  is part of a
         plan,  arrangement or  understanding  which has as a primary purpose or
         effect the avoidance of this Section 11(a)(ii),  shall be null and void
         and  no  holder  of  such  Rights  shall  thereafter  have  any  rights
         whatsoever  with respect to such rights,  whether  under  provisions of
         this Agreement or otherwise.

                  (iii) In the event that there shall not be  sufficient  Common
         Shares issued but not outstanding,  or authorized but unissued (and not
         reserved  for issuance  for  purposes  other than upon  exercise of the
         Rights),  to permit the  exercise  in full of the Rights in  accordance
         with the foregoing  subparagraph  (ii), the Company shall (A) determine
         the value of the  Adjustment  Shares  issuable  upon the  exercise of a
         Right (the "Current Value") and (B) with respect to each Right (subject
         to Section 11(a)(ii) hereof), make adequate provision to substitute for
         the Adjustment Shares,  upon the exercise of a Right and payment of the
         applicable  Purchase  Price,  (1) cash, (2) a reduction in the Purchase
         Price,  (3) Common  Shares or other  equity  securities  of the Company
         (including,   without  limitation,  shares,  or  units  of  shares,  of
         preferred  stock,  such as the  Preferred  Shares,  which the Board has
         deemed to have  essentially the same value or economic rights as shares
         of Common Shares (such shares of preferred  stock being  referred to as
         "Common Stock  Equivalents")),  (4) debt securities of the Company, (5)
         other  assets,  or (6) any  combination  of the  foregoing,  having  an
         aggregate  value  equal to the  Current  Value  (less the amount of any
         reduction in the Purchase  Price),  where such aggregate value has been
         determined  by  the  Board  based  upon  the  advice  of  a  nationally

<PAGE>

         recognized  investment  banking firm  selected by the Board;  provided,
         however,  that if the Company shall not have made adequate provision to
         deliver value pursuant to clause (B) above within 30 days following the
         later of (x) the first occurrence of a Section  11(a)(ii) Event and (y)
         the date on which the Company's right of redemption pursuant to Section
         23(a) expires (the later of (x) and (y) being referred to herein as the
         "Section 11(a)(ii) Trigger Date"),  then the Company shall be obligated
         to  deliver,  upon the  surrender  for  exercise of a Right and without
         requiring  payment of the Purchase Price,  Common Shares (to the extent
         available) and then, if necessary,  cash, which shares and/or cash have
         an aggregate  value equal to the Spread.  For purposes of the preceding
         sentence,  the term  "Spread"  shall mean the excess of (i) the Current
         Value over (ii) the Purchase  Price.  If the Board  determines  in good
         faith that it is likely  that  sufficient  additional  shares of Common
         Shares could be  authorized  for issuance  upon exercise in full of the
         Rights, the 30-day period set forth above may be extended to the extent
         necessary,  but not  more  than 90 days  after  the  Section  11(a)(ii)
         Trigger Date, in order that the Company may seek  shareholder  approval
         for the authorization of such additional shares (such 30-day period, as
         it may be extended, is herein called the "Substitution Period"). To the
         extent that action is to be taken  pursuant to the first  and/or  third
         sentences of this Section  11(a)(iii),  the Company (1) shall  provide,
         subject to Section  11(a)(ii)  hereof,  that such  action  shall  apply
         uniformly  to  all  outstanding   Rights,   and  (2)  may  suspend  the
         exercisability  of the Rights until the expiration of the  Substitution
         Period  in  order  to  seek   such   shareholder   approval   for  such
         authorization  of additional  shares  and/or to decide the  appropriate
         form of  distribution to be made pursuant to such first sentence and to
         determine the value thereof.  In the event of any such suspension,  the
         Company   shall   issue  a  public   announcement   stating   that  the
         exercisability of the Rights has been temporarily suspended, as well as
         a public  announcement  at such time as the  suspension is no longer in
         effect.  For  purposes of this  Section  11(a)(iii),  the value of each
         Adjustment  Share shall be the current  per share  market  price of the
         Common Shares on the Section  11(a)(ii) Trigger Date, and the per share
         or per unit value of any  Common  Stock  Equivalent  shall be deemed to
         equal the current per share market  price of the Common  Shares on such
         date, in each case as determined pursuant to Section 11(d) hereof.

         (b) In case the  Company  shall fix a record  date for the  issuance of
rights,  options or warrants to all holders of Preferred  Shares  entitling them
(for a period  expiring  within 45  calendar  days  after such  record  date) to
subscribe  for or purchase  Preferred  Shares (or shares having the same rights,
privileges  and  preferences  as the  Preferred  Shares  ("equivalent  preferred
shares"))  or  securities   convertible  into  Preferred  Shares  or  equivalent
preferred  shares at a price per Preferred  Share or equivalent  preferred share
(or  having a  conversion  price  per  share,  if a  security  convertible  into
Preferred Shares or equivalent  preferred shares) less than the then current per
share  market  price (as  determined  pursuant to Section  11(d)  hereof) of the
Preferred  Shares on such record date,  the Purchase Price to be in effect after
such record date shall be determined by multiplying the Purchase Price in effect
immediately  prior to such  record date by a fraction,  the  numerator  of which
shall be the number of Preferred Shares outstanding on such record date plus the
number of  Preferred  Shares  which the  aggregate  offering  price of the total
number of Preferred Shares and/or  equivalent  preferred shares so to be offered
(and/or the aggregate initial conversion price of the convertible  securities so
to be offered)  would  purchase at such  current per share  market price and the

<PAGE>

denominator of which shall be the number of Preferred Shares outstanding on such
record date plus the number of additional  Preferred  Shares  and/or  equivalent
preferred  shares to be offered for  subscription or purchase (or into which the
convertible  securities so to be offered are initially  convertible);  provided,
however,  that in no event shall the  consideration to be paid upon the exercise
of one Right be less than the aggregate par value of the shares of capital stock
of the Company  issuable upon exercise of one Right.  In case such  subscription
price may be paid by delivery of consideration  part or all of which shall be in
a form other than cash, the value of such  consideration  shall be as determined
in good  faith  by the  Board,  whose  determination  shall  be  described  in a
statement  filed with the Rights  Agent and shall be binding on the Rights Agent
and the holders of the Rights. Preferred Shares owned by or held for the account
of the  Company  shall not be deemed  outstanding  for the  purpose  of any such
computation.  Such adjustment shall be made successively  whenever such a record
date is fixed; and in the event that such rights, options or warrants are not so
issued,  the  Purchase  Price shall be adjusted to be the  Purchase  Price which
would then be in effect if such record date had not been fixed.

         (c) In case the  Company  shall fix a record  date for the  making of a
distribution  to all  holders  of  the  Preferred  Shares  (including  any  such
distribution  made in  connection  with a  consolidation  or merger in which the
Company is the continuing or surviving corporation) of evidences of indebtedness
or assets (other than a regular quarterly cash dividend or a dividend payable in
Preferred Shares) or subscription  rights or warrants  (excluding those referred
to in Section  11(b)  hereof),  the  Purchase  Price to be in effect  after such
record date shall be  determined  by  multiplying  the Purchase  Price in effect
immediately  prior to such  record date by a fraction,  the  numerator  of which
shall be the then  current  per  share  market  price  of the  Preferred  Shares
(determined pursuant to Section 11(d) hereof) on such record date, less the fair
market  value (as  determined  in good faith by the Board,  whose  determination
shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent) of the portion of
the  assets  or  evidences  of  indebtedness  so to be  distributed  or of  such
subscription  rights  or  warrants  applicable  to one  Preferred  Share and the
denominator  of which  shall  be such  current  per  share  market  price of the
Preferred  Shares  (determined  pursuant  to Section  11(d)  hereof);  provided,
however,  that in no event shall the  consideration to be paid upon the exercise
of one Right be less than the aggregate par value of the shares of capital stock
of the Company to be issued upon exercise of one Right.  Such adjustments  shall
be made successively whenever such a record date is fixed; and in the event that
such  distribution is not so made, the Purchase Price shall again be adjusted to
be the Purchase  Price which would then be in effect if such record date had not
been fixed.

                  (d)  (i)  For  the  purpose  of  any  computation  under  this
         Agreement,  the  "current  per share  market  price" of any security (a
         "Security" for the purpose of this Section  11(d)(i)) on any date shall
         be deemed to be the  average of the daily  closing  prices per share of
         such  Security  for the 30  consecutive  Trading  Days (as such term is
         hereinafter  defined) immediately prior to but not including such date;
         provided,  however, that in the event that the current per share market
         price of the Security is  determined  during a period (i) following the
         announcement  by the  issuer  of such  Security  of (A) a  dividend  or
         distribution  on such  Security  payable in shares of such  Security or
         securities convertible into such shares (other than the Rights), or (B)
         any subdivision,  combination or  reclassification of such Security and
         (ii) prior to the expiration of 30 Trading Days after but not including

<PAGE>

         the ex-dividend date for such dividend or  distribution,  or the record
         date for such subdivision,  combination or reclassification,  then, and
         in each  such  case,  the  current  per  share  market  price  shall be
         appropriately  adjusted to reflect the current  market  price per share
         equivalent  of such  Security.  The closing price for each day shall be
         the last sale price,  regular way, or, in case no such sale takes place
         on such day, the average of the closing bid and asked  prices,  regular
         way,  in  either  case  as  reported  in  the  principal   consolidated
         transaction  reporting  system  with  respect to  securities  listed or
         admitted to trading on the New York Stock  Exchange or, if the Security
         is not listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock Exchange, as
         reported in the principal  consolidated  transaction  reporting  system
         with respect to securities listed on the principal national  securities
         exchange on which the  Security is listed or admitted to trading or, if
         the  Security  is not listed or  admitted  to  trading on any  national
         securities  exchange,  the last quoted price or, if not so quoted,  the
         average  of the high bid and low asked  prices in the  over-the-counter
         market, as reported by the National  Association of Securities Dealers,
         Inc.  Automated  Quotations System ("NASDAQ") or such other system then
         in use,  or, if on any such date the Security is not quoted by any such
         organization,  the  average  of the  closing  bid and  asked  prices as
         furnished  by a  professional  market  maker  making  a  market  in the
         Security selected by the Board. The term "Trading Day" shall mean a day
         on which  the  principal  national  securities  exchange  on which  the
         Security is listed or  admitted to trading is open for the  transaction
         of business or, if the Security is not listed or admitted to trading on
         any national securities exchange, a Business Day.

                  (ii)  For  the  purpose  of  any  computation  hereunder,  the
         "current  per share  market  price" of the  Preferred  Shares  shall be
         determined in accordance with the method set forth in Section 11(d)(i).
         If the Preferred Shares are not publicly traded, the "current per share
         market price" of the Preferred  Shares shall be conclusively  deemed to
         be the  current  per  share  market  price  of  the  Common  Shares  as
         determined  pursuant  to Section  11(d)(i)  (appropriately  adjusted to
         reflect  any  stock  split,  stock  dividend  or  similar   transaction
         occurring  after  the date  hereof),  multiplied  by one  thousand.  If
         neither the Common Shares nor the Preferred Shares are publicly held or
         so listed or traded,  "current per share  market  price" shall mean the
         fair value per share as  determined  in good faith by the Board,  whose
         determination  shall be described in a statement  filed with the Rights
         Agent and shall be conclusive for all purposes.

         (e) No adjustment in the Purchase  Price shall be required  unless such
adjustment  would require an increase or decrease of at least 1% in the Purchase
Price;  provided,  however, that any adjustments which by reason of this Section
11(e) are not  required  to be made  shall be  carried  forward  and taken  into
account in any subsequent  adjustment.  All  calculations  under this Section 11
shall be made to the  nearest  cent or to the  nearest  one  one-millionth  of a
Preferred Share or one ten-thousandth of any other share or security as the case
may be. Notwithstanding the first sentence of this Section 11(e), any adjustment
required by this Section 11 shall be made no later than the earlier of (i) three
years from the date of the  transaction  which requires such  adjustment or (ii)
the Expiration Date.

         (f) If as a result of an  adjustment  made pursuant to Section 11(a) or
Section 13 hereof,  the holder of any Right  thereafter  exercised  shall become
entitled  to  receive  any  shares of capital  stock of the  Company  other than

<PAGE>

Preferred Shares,  thereafter the number of such other shares so receivable upon
exercise  of any Right  shall be  subject to  adjustment  from time to time in a
manner and on terms as nearly  equivalent as practicable to the provisions  with
respect  to the  Preferred  Shares  contained  in  Section  11(a)  through  (c),
inclusive,  and the provisions of Sections 7, 9, 10, 11(e), 11(g), 11(h), 11(i),
11(j),  11(k), 11(m), 13 and 14 with respect to the Preferred Shares shall apply
on like terms to any such other shares.

         (g) All  Rights  originally  issued by the  Company  subsequent  to any
adjustment  made to the Purchase  Price  hereunder  shall  evidence the right to
purchase, at the adjusted Purchase Price, the number of one one-thousandths of a
Preferred  Share  purchasable  from time to time  hereunder upon exercise of the
Rights, all subject to further adjustment as provided herein.

         (h) Unless the Company shall have exercised its election as provided in
Section  11(i),  upon each  adjustment of the Purchase  Price as a result of the
calculations made in Sections 11(b) and (c), each Right outstanding  immediately
prior to the making of such adjustment  shall  thereafter  evidence the right to
purchase,  at the adjusted Purchase Price, that number of one one-thousandths of
a Preferred Share  (calculated to the nearest one  one-millionth  of a Preferred
Share) obtained by (i) multiplying  (x) the number of one  one-thousandths  of a
Preferred Share covered by a Right  immediately  prior to this adjustment by (y)
the  Purchase  Price  in  effect  immediately  prior to such  adjustment  of the
Purchase  Price and (ii) dividing the product so obtained by the Purchase  Price
in effect immediately after such adjustment of the Purchase Price.

         (i) The Company may elect on or after the date of any adjustment of the
Purchase  Price  to  adjust  the  number  of  Rights,  in  substitution  for any
adjustment in the number of one one-thousandths of a Preferred Share purchasable
upon  the  exercise  of a  Right.  Each of the  Rights  outstanding  after  such
adjustment  of the number of Rights shall be  exercisable  for the number of one
one-thousandths  of  a  Preferred  Share  for  which  a  Right  was  exercisable
immediately  prior to such  adjustment.  Each Right held of record prior to such
adjustment  of  the  number  of  Rights  shall  become  that  number  of  Rights
(calculated to the nearest one ten-thousandth) obtained by dividing the Purchase
Price in effect  immediately  prior to adjustment  of the Purchase  Price by the
Purchase Price in effect immediately after adjustment of the Purchase Price. The
Company shall make a public announcement of its election to adjust the number of
Rights,  indicating  the record  date for the  adjustment,  and, if known at the
time, the amount of the adjustment to be made.  This record date may be the date
on which the  Purchase  Price is  adjusted  or any day  thereafter,  but, if the
Rights  Certificates have been issued,  shall be at least 10 days later than the
date of the public  announcement.  If Rights Certificates have been issued, upon
each  adjustment  of the number of Rights  pursuant to this Section  11(i),  the
Company shall, as promptly as practicable, cause to be distributed to holders of
record  of  Rights   Certificates  on  such  record  date  Rights   Certificates
evidencing,  subject to Section 14 hereof,  the additional  Rights to which such
holders shall be entitled as a result of such  adjustment,  or, at the option of
the  Company,  shall  cause to be  distributed  to such  holders  of  record  in
substitution  and replacement for the Rights  Certificates  held by such holders
prior to the date of adjustment,  and upon surrender thereof, if required by the
Company, new Rights Certificates evidencing all the Rights to which such holders
shall  be  entitled  after  such  adjustment.   Rights  Certificates  so  to  be
distributed  shall be issued,  executed and countersigned in the manner provided
for herein (and may bear,  at the option of the Company,  the adjusted  Purchase

<PAGE>

Price) and shall be  registered  in the names of the holders of record of Rights
Certificates on the record date specified in the public announcement.

         (j)  Irrespective  of any adjustment or change in the Purchase Price or
the  number  of one  one-thousandths  of a  Preferred  Share  issuable  upon the
exercise of the  Rights,  the Rights  Certificates  theretofore  and  thereafter
issued  may  continue  to  express  the  Purchase  Price  and the  number of one
one-thousandths  of a Preferred Share which were expressed in the initial Rights
Certificates issued hereunder.

         (k) Before  taking any action that would cause an  adjustment  reducing
the Purchase  Price below one  one-thousandth  of the then stated par value,  if
any, of the Preferred  Shares issuable upon exercise of the Rights,  the Company
shall take any  corporate  action which may, in the opinion of its  counsel,  be
necessary in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and
non-assessable Preferred Shares at such adjusted Purchase Price.

         (l) In any  case  in  which  this  Section  11  shall  require  that an
adjustment  in the  Purchase  Price be made  effective as of a record date for a
specified  event,  the  Company  may,  with  respect  to the holder of any Right
exercised after such record date,  elect to defer,  until the occurrence of such
event, the issuance of the number of Preferred Shares and other capital stock or
securities of the Company,  if any, issuable upon such exercise that is over and
above the number of Preferred  Shares and other  capital  stock or securities of
the Company,  if any,  issuable  upon such exercise on the basis of the Purchase
Price in effect prior to such adjustment;  provided,  however,  that the Company
shall  deliver  to such  holder  a due  bill  or  other  appropriate  instrument
evidencing  such  holder's  right to receive  such  additional  shares  upon the
occurrence of the event requiring such adjustment.

         (m) Anything in this Section 11 to the  contrary  notwithstanding,  the
Company  shall be entitled to make such  reductions  in the Purchase  Price,  in
addition to those adjustments  expressly  required by this Section 11, as and to
the extent that it in its sole  discretion  shall  determine  to be advisable in
order that any  consolidation or subdivision of the Preferred  Shares,  issuance
wholly for cash of any Preferred  Shares at less than the current  market price,
issuance wholly for cash of Preferred  Shares or securities which by their terms
are  convertible  into  or  exchangeable  for  Preferred  Shares,  dividends  on
Preferred Shares payable in Preferred  Shares or issuance of rights,  options or
warrants referred to hereinabove in Section 11(b), hereafter made by the Company
to holders of its Preferred Shares shall not be taxable to such shareholders.

         (n) In the event that at any time after the date of this  Agreement and
prior to the  Distribution  Date,  the  Company  shall  (i)  declare  or pay any
dividend  on the  Common  Shares  payable  in  Common  Shares  or (ii)  effect a
subdivision,   combination   or   consolidation   of  the   Common   Shares  (by
reclassification  or otherwise  than by payment of  dividends in Common  Shares)
into a greater or lesser number of Common Shares,  then in any such case (A) the
number of one  one-thousandths of a Preferred Share purchasable after such event
upon proper exercise of each Right shall be determined by multiplying the number
of one one-thousandths of a Preferred Share so purchasable  immediately prior to
such event by a fraction,  the numerator of which is the number of Common Shares
outstanding  immediately  before such event and the  denominator of which is the
number of Common Shares  outstanding  immediately after such event, and (B) each

<PAGE>

Common  Share  outstanding  immediately  after such event shall have issued with
respect  to it that  number  of  Rights  which  each  Common  Share  outstanding
immediately  prior to such event had issued with respect to it. The  adjustments
provided for in this Section  11(n) shall be made  successively  whenever such a
dividend is declared or paid or such a subdivision, combination or consolidation
is effected.

         Section 12. CERTIFICATE OF ADJUSTED PURCHASE PRICE OR NUMBER OF SHARES.
Whenever  an  adjustment  is made as  provided  in Section 11 or 13 hereof,  the
Company shall promptly (a) prepare a certificate  setting forth such adjustment,
and a  brief  statement  of the  facts  and  computations  accounting  for  such
adjustment, (b) promptly file with the Rights Agent and with each transfer agent
for the Common Shares or the Preferred  Shares a copy of such  certificate,  and
(c) mail a brief  summary  thereof  to each  holder of a Rights  Certificate  in
accordance with Section 25 hereof.  The Rights Agent shall be fully protected in
relying on any such certificate and on any adjustment contained therein.

         Section  13.  CONSOLIDATION,  MERGER OR SALE OR  TRANSFER  OF ASSETS OR
EARNING POWER. In the event, directly or indirectly,  at any time after a Person
has become an Acquiring Person, (a) the Company shall consolidate with, or merge
with and into,  any other  Person,  (b) any Person  shall  consolidate  with the
Company,  or  merge  with  and into the  Company  and the  Company  shall be the
continuing or surviving  corporation of such merger and, in connection with such
merger,  all or part of the Common Shares shall be changed into or exchanged for
stock or other  securities  of any other  Person (or the Company) or cash or any
other property,  or (c) the Company shall sell or otherwise  transfer (or one or
more of its Subsidiaries shall sell or otherwise  transfer),  in one transaction
or a series of related transactions,  assets or earning power aggregating 50% or
more of the assets or earning power of the Company and its  Subsidiaries  (taken
as a whole) to any other  Person  other  than the  Company or one or more of its
wholly-owned  Subsidiaries,  then, and in each such case, proper provision shall
be made so that (i) each holder of a Right (except as otherwise provided herein)
shall thereafter have the right to receive, upon the exercise thereof at a price
equal to the  then  current  Purchase  Price  multiplied  by the  number  of one
one-thousandths  of a Preferred Share for which a Right is then exercisable,  in
accordance  with the terms of this  Agreement  and in lieu of Preferred  Shares,
such  number of Common  Shares of such other  Person  (including  the Company as
successor  thereto or as the  surviving  corporation)  as shall equal the result
obtained by (A) multiplying the then current Purchase Price by the number of one
one-thousandths  of a Preferred Share for which a Right is then  exercisable and
dividing  that  product by (B) 50% of the then current per share market price of
the Common  Shares of such other Person  (determined  pursuant to Section  11(d)
hereof)  on the date of  consummation  of such  consolidation,  merger,  sale or
transfer;  (ii) the issuer of such Common Shares shall thereafter be liable for,
and shall assume, by virtue of such consolidation, merger, sale or transfer, all
the obligations and duties of the Company pursuant to this Agreement;  (iii) the
term "Company" shall thereafter be deemed to refer to such issuer; and (iv) such
issuer shall take such steps (including,  but not limited to, the reservation of
a sufficient number of its Common Shares in accordance with Section 9 hereof) in
connection  with  such  consummation  as may be  necessary  to  assure  that the
provisions  hereof shall  thereafter be applicable,  as nearly as reasonably may
be, in relation to the Common Shares thereafter deliverable upon the exercise of
the Rights.  The Company shall not  consummate any such  consolidation,  merger,
sale or transfer  unless  prior  thereto the Company and such issuer  shall have
executed  and  delivered  to  the  Rights  Agent  a  supplemental  agreement  so

<PAGE>

providing. The Company shall not enter into any transaction of the kind referred
to in this Section 13 if at the time of such  transaction  there are any rights,
warrants,   instruments   or  securities   outstanding   or  any  agreements  or
arrangements  which, as a result of the consummation of such transaction,  would
eliminate or substantially  diminish the benefits intended to be afforded by the
Rights.  The provisions of this Section 13 shall  similarly  apply to successive
mergers or consolidations or sales or other transfers.

         Section 14.       FRACTIONAL RIGHTS AND FRACTIONAL SHARES.

         (a) The Company  shall not be required to issue  fractions of Rights or
to distribute Rights  Certificates which evidence  fractional Rights. In lieu of
such  fractional  Rights,  there shall be paid to the registered  holders of the
Rights  Certificates with regard to which such fractional Rights would otherwise
be issuable,  an amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the current market
value of a whole  Right.  For the purposes of this  Section  14(a),  the current
market  value of a whole Right shall be the closing  price of the Rights for the
Trading Day immediately  prior to the date on which such fractional Rights would
have been otherwise issuable.  The closing price of the Rights for any day shall
be the last sale  price,  regular  way,  or, in case no such sale takes place on
such day,  the  average of the  closing bid and asked  prices,  regular  way, in
either case as  reported in the  principal  consolidated  transaction  reporting
system with respect to securities  listed or admitted to trading on the New York
Stock  Exchange  or, if the Rights are not listed or  admitted to trading on the
New York Stock Exchange, as reported in the principal  consolidated  transaction
reporting  system with respect to securities  listed on the  principal  national
securities exchange on which the Rights are listed or admitted to trading or, if
the Rights  are not listed or  admitted  to trading on any  national  securities
exchange,  the last quoted  price or, if not so quoted,  the average of the high
bid and low asked prices in the  over-the-counter  market, as reported by NASDAQ
or such  other  system  then in use or, if on any such date the  Rights  are not
quoted by any such organization, the average of the closing bid and asked prices
as  furnished  by a  professional  market  maker  making a market in the  Rights
selected  by the  Board.  If on any such date no such  market  maker is making a
market in the Rights, the fair value of the Rights on such date as determined in
good faith by the Board shall be used.

         (b) The Company  shall not be required to issue  fractions of Preferred
Shares (other than fractions which are integral  multiples of one one-thousandth
of a Preferred Share) upon exercise of the Rights or to distribute  certificates
which  evidence  fractional  Preferred  Shares (other than  fractions  which are
integral  multiples of one  one-thousandth of a Preferred  Share).  Fractions of
Preferred  Shares in integral  multiples  of one  one-thousandth  of a Preferred
Share may, at the election of the Company, be evidenced by depositary  receipts,
pursuant to an  appropriate  agreement  between  the  Company  and a  depositary
selected by it; provided,  that such agreement shall provide that the holders of
such depositary  receipts shall have all the rights,  privileges and preferences
to which  they  are  entitled  as  beneficial  owners  of the  Preferred  Shares
represented by such depositary receipts.  In lieu of fractional Preferred Shares
that are not integral  multiples of one one-thousandth of a Preferred Share, the
Company shall pay to the registered  holders of Rights  Certificates at the time
such Rights are exercised as herein provided an amount in cash equal to the same
fraction of the current market value of one Preferred Share. For the purposes of

<PAGE>

this Section 14(b),  the current market value of a Preferred  Share shall be the
closing  price of a  Preferred  Share  (as  determined  pursuant  to the  second
sentence of Section  11(d)(i)  hereof) for the Trading Day immediately  prior to
the date of such exercise.

         (c) Following the occurrence of a Triggering  Event,  the Company shall
not be required to issue  fractions of shares of Common  Shares upon exercise of
the Rights or to distribute  certificates  which evidence  fractional  shares of
Common Shares.  In lieu of fractional  shares of Common Shares,  the Company may
pay to the registered holders of Rights Certificates at the time such Rights are
exercised as herein provided an amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the
current  market value of one Common Share.  For purposes of this Section  14(c),
the current  market value of one Common Share shall be the closing  price of one
Common Share (as determined  pursuant to the second sentence of Section 11(d)(i)
hereof) for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date of such exercise.

         (d) The  holder of a Right by the  acceptance  of the  Right  expressly
waives his right to receive any fractional  Rights or any fractional shares upon
exercise of a Right (except as provided above).

         Section 15.  RIGHTS OF ACTION.  All rights of action in respect of this
Agreement  are  vested  in the  respective  registered  holders  of  the  Rights
Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, the registered holders of the
Common Shares);  and any registered holder of any Rights  Certificate (or, prior
to the  Distribution  Date,  of the Common  Shares),  without the consent of the
Rights Agent or of the holder of any other Rights  Certificate (or, prior to the
Distribution Date, of the Common Shares), may, in his own behalf and for his own
benefit,  enforce, and may institute and maintain any suit, action or proceeding
against  the Company to enforce,  or  otherwise  act in respect of, his right to
exercise the Rights evidenced by such Rights  Certificate in the manner provided
in such Rights Certificate and in this Agreement. Without limiting the foregoing
or  any  remedies  available  to  the  holders  of  Rights,  it is  specifically
acknowledged that the holders of Rights would not have an adequate remedy at law
for any breach of this Agreement and will be entitled to specific performance of
the  obligations  under,  and  injunctive  relief  against  actual or threatened
violations of the obligations of any Person subject to, this Agreement.

         Section 16.     AGREEMENT OF RIGHT  HOLDERS.  Every holder of a Right,
by accepting the same, consents and agrees with the Company and the Rights Agent
and with every other holder of a Right that:

         (a)      prior to the  Distribution  Date,  the Rights will be
transferable  only in connection  with the transfer of the Common Shares;

         (b)  after  the   Distribution   Date,  the  Rights   Certificates  are
transferable  only on the registry  books of the Rights Agent if  surrendered at
the  Designated  Office of the Rights Agent,  duly endorsed or  accompanied by a
proper  instrument  of  transfer  with the  appropriate  forms and  certificates
executed;

         (c) the Company  and the Rights  Agent may deem and treat the Person in
whose name the Rights  Certificate  (or,  prior to the  Distribution  Date,  the

<PAGE>

associated  Common  Shares  certificate)  is  registered  as the absolute  owner
thereof and of the Rights evidenced  thereby  (notwithstanding  any notations of
ownership or writing on the Rights  Certificates or the associated Common Shares
certificate  made by anyone other than the Company or the Rights  Agent) for all
purposes  whatsoever,  and neither the Company nor the Rights Agent,  subject to
Section 7(e) hereof, shall be affected by any notice to the contrary; and

         (d) notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, neither
the Company nor the Rights  Agent  shall have any  liability  to any holder of a
Right or other  Person  as a  result  of its  inability  to  perform  any of its
obligations  under this  Agreement  by reason of any  preliminary  or  permanent
injunction  or other  order,  decree,  judgment  or ruling  issued by a court of
competent jurisdiction or by a governmental, regulatory or administrative agency
or commission,  or any statute,  rule, regulation or executive order promulgated
or enacted by any governmental  authority,  prohibiting or otherwise restraining
performance of such obligation; provided, however, the Company must use its best
efforts to have any such order,  decree,  judgment or ruling lifted or otherwise
overturned as soon as possible.

         Section 17.  RIGHTS  CERTIFICATE  HOLDER NOT DEEMED A  SHAREHOLDER.  No
holder, as such, of any Rights  Certificate  shall be entitled to vote,  receive
dividends or be deemed for any purpose the holder of the Preferred Shares or any
other  securities  of the  Company  which  may at any  time be  issuable  on the
exercise of the Rights represented  thereby, nor shall anything contained herein
or in any  Rights  Certificate  be  construed  to confer  upon the holder of any
Rights  Certificate,  as such, any of the rights of a shareholder of the Company
or any right to vote for the election of directors or upon any matter  submitted
to shareholders at any meeting  thereof,  or to give or withhold  consent to any
corporate  action,  or to receive notice of meetings or other actions  affecting
shareholders  (except as provided in Section 25 hereof), or to receive dividends
or subscription  rights,  or otherwise,  until the Right or Rights  evidenced by
such  Rights  Certificate  shall  have been  exercised  in  accordance  with the
provisions hereof.

         Section 18.  CONCERNING THE RIGHTS AGENT.  The Company agrees to pay to
the  Rights  Agent  reasonable  compensation  for all  services  rendered  by it
hereunder and, from time to time, on demand of the Rights Agent,  its reasonable
expenses and counsel fees and other  disbursements  incurred in the preparation,
execution,  delivery  and  amendment  of this  Agreement  and the  exercise  and
performance  of its duties  hereunder.  The Company also agrees to indemnify the
Rights Agent for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, liability,  damage,
judgment,  fine,  penalty,  claim,  demand,  cost or expense,  incurred  without
negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct on the part of the Rights Agent, for
any action taken, suffered or omitted by the Rights Agent in connection with the
acceptance  and  administration  of this  Agreement,  including  the  costs  and
expenses of defending against any claim of liability in the premises.

         The Rights Agent shall be protected  and shall incur no liability  for,
or in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it in connection with,
its acceptance and  administration of this Agreement in reliance upon any Rights
Certificate or certificate for the Preferred  Shares or the Common Shares or for
other securities of the Company,  instrument of assignment or transfer, power of
attorney,   endorsement,   affidavit,   letter,  notice,   direction,   consent,
certificate,  statement, or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine

<PAGE>

and to be signed,  executed and, where necessary,  verified or acknowledged,  by
the proper  Person or Persons,  or otherwise  upon the opinion of counsel as set
forth in Section 20 hereof.

         Section 19. MERGER OR  CONSOLIDATION OR CHANGE OF NAME OF RIGHTS AGENT.
Any Person  into which the Rights  Agent or any  successor  Rights  Agent may be
merged or with which it may be  consolidated,  or any Person  resulting from any
merger or  consolidation to which the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent
shall be a party,  or any Person  succeeding to the stock transfer powers of the
Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent, shall be the successor to the Rights
Agent under this  Agreement  without the execution or filing of any paper or any
further act on the part of any of the parties hereto; provided, that such Person
would be  eligible  for  appointment  as a  successor  Rights  Agent  under  the
provisions of Section 21 hereof. In case at the time such successor Rights Agent
shall  succeed  to the  agency  created  by this  Agreement,  any of the  Rights
Certificates shall have been countersigned but not delivered, any such successor
Rights Agent may adopt the  countersignature of the predecessor Rights Agent and
deliver such Rights Certificates so countersigned;  and in case at that time any
of the Rights  Certificates  shall not have been  countersigned,  any  successor
Rights Agent may countersign such Rights  Certificates either in the name of the
predecessor  Rights Agent or in the name of the successor  Rights Agent;  and in
all such cases such Rights  Certificates  shall have the full force  provided in
the Rights Certificates and in this Agreement.

         In case at any time the name of the Rights  Agent  shall be changed and
at such time any of the Rights  Certificates  shall have been  countersigned but
not delivered,  the Rights Agent may adopt the countersignature  under its prior
name and deliver Rights Certificates so countersigned;  and in case at that time
any of the Rights  Certificates  shall not have been  countersigned,  the Rights
Agent may countersign  such Rights  Certificates  either in its prior name or in
its changed name; and in all such cases such Rights  Certificates shall have the
full force provided in the Rights Certificates and in this Agreement.

         Section 20. DUTIES OF RIGHTS  AGENT.  The Rights Agent  undertakes  the
duties and  obligations  imposed by this Agreement upon the following  terms and
conditions,  by all of which the Company and the holders of Rights Certificates,
by their acceptance thereof, shall be bound:

         (a) The Rights Agent may consult  with legal  counsel (who may be legal
counsel  for the  Company),  and the opinion of such  counsel  shall be full and
complete  authorization  and  protection  to the  Rights  Agent as to any action
taken,  suffered  or  omitted by it in good  faith and in  accordance  with such
opinion.

         (b) Whenever in the  performance of its duties under this Agreement the
Rights  Agent  shall  deem it  necessary  or  desirable  that any fact or matter
(including,  without  limitation,  the identity of any Acquiring  Person and the
determination of "current market price") be proved or established by the Company
prior to taking or suffering any action  hereunder,  such fact or matter (unless
other  evidence in respect  thereof be herein  specifically  prescribed)  may be
deemed to be conclusively  proved and established by a certificate signed by any
one of the Chairman of the Board,  the Chief Executive  Officer,  the President,
any Vice President,  the Treasurer or the Secretary of the Company and delivered
to the Rights Agent;  and such  certificate  shall be full  authorization to the

<PAGE>

Rights Agent for any action taken, suffered or omitted in good faith by it under
the provisions of this Agreement in reliance upon such certificate.

         (c) The Rights  Agent shall be liable  hereunder to the Company and any
other Person only for its own negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct.

         (d) The Rights Agent shall not be liable for or by reason of any of the
statements  of fact or recitals  contained  in this  Agreement  or in the Rights
Certificates (except its countersignature  thereof) or be required to verify the
same, but all such  statements and recitals are and shall be deemed to have been
made by the Company only.

         (e) The Rights Agent shall not be under any  responsibility  in respect
of the validity of this  Agreement or the execution and delivery  hereof (except
the due  execution  hereof by the Rights Agent) or in respect of the validity or
execution of any Rights Certificate (except its countersignature  thereof);  nor
shall it be  responsible  for any  breach  by the  Company  of any  covenant  or
condition contained in this Agreement or in any Rights Certificate; nor shall it
be responsible for any change in the exercisability of the Rights (including the
Rights  becoming  null and void  pursuant  to Section  11(a)(ii)  hereof) or any
adjustment in the terms of the Rights  (including  the manner,  method or amount
thereof)  provided for in Section 3, 11, 13, 23, or 24, or the  ascertaining  of
the existence of facts that would require any such change or adjustment  (except
with respect to the exercise of Rights  evidenced by Rights  Certificates  after
actual notice that such change or  adjustment is required);  nor shall it by any
act  hereunder  be  deemed  to make any  representation  or  warranty  as to the
authorization  or reservation of any Preferred  Shares to be issued  pursuant to
this Agreement or any Rights  Certificate or as to whether any Preferred  Shares
will,  when  issued,   be  validly   authorized  and  issued,   fully  paid  and
non-assessable.

         (f) The Company agrees that it will perform,  execute,  acknowledge and
deliver or cause to be performed, executed,  acknowledged and delivered all such
further and other acts, instruments and assurances as may reasonably be required
by the Rights Agent for the carrying  out or  performing  by the Rights Agent of
the provisions of this Agreement.

         (g) The  Rights  Agent is  hereby  authorized  and  directed  to accept
instructions  with respect to the  performance of its duties  hereunder from any
one of the Chairman of the Board,  the Chief Executive  Officer,  the President,
any Vice President, the Secretary, or the Treasurer of the Company, and to apply
to such officers for advice or instructions  in connection with its duties,  and
it shall not be liable for any action taken,  suffered or omitted to be taken by
it in good faith in accordance with  instructions of any such officer or for any
delay in acting while waiting for those instructions.

         (h) The Rights Agent and any shareholder,  director, affiliate, officer
or  employee of the Rights  Agent may buy,  sell or deal in any of the Rights or
other  securities  of  the  Company  or  become  pecuniarily  interested  in any
transaction  in which the Company may be  interested,  or contract  with or lend
money to the Company or otherwise  act as fully and freely as though it were not
Rights Agent under this  Agreement.  Nothing  herein  shall  preclude the Rights
Agent from acting in any other capacity for the Company or for any other Person.

<PAGE>

         (i) The Rights  Agent may  execute  and  exercise  any of the rights or
powers hereby vested in it or perform any duty hereunder  either itself or by or
through its attorneys or agents, and the Rights Agent shall not be answerable or
accountable for any act, default, neglect or misconduct of any such attorneys or
agents or for any loss to the  Company  resulting  from any such  act,  default,
neglect or misconduct,  provided  reasonable care was exercised in the selection
and continued employment thereof.

         (j) No provision of this  Agreement  shall  require the Rights Agent to
expend or risk its own funds or otherwise  incur any financial  liability in the
performance  of any of its duties  hereunder or in the exercise of its rights if
there shall be reasonable  grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or
adequate  indemnification  against  such  risk or  liability  is not  reasonably
assured to it.

         (k) If,  with  respect to any  Rights  Certificate  surrendered  to the
Rights Agent for exercise or transfer,  the certificate  attached to the form of
assignment  or form of election to purchase,  as the case may be, has either not
been  completed  or  indicates  an  affirmative  response  to  clause 1 and/or 2
thereof, the Rights Agent shall not take any further action with respect to such
requested exercise or transfer without first consulting with the Company.

         Section 21. CHANGE OF RIGHTS  AGENT.  The Rights Agent or any successor
Rights Agent may resign and be discharged  from its duties under this  Agreement
upon 30 days' notice in writing mailed to the Company and to each transfer agent
of the Common Shares or Preferred Shares by registered or certified mail, and to
the holders of the Rights  Certificates  by  first-class  mail.  The Company may
remove the Rights  Agent or any  successor  Rights Agent upon 30 days' notice in
writing,  mailed to the Rights Agent or successor  Rights Agent, as the case may
be, and to each  transfer  agent of the  Common  Shares or  Preferred  Shares by
registered or certified  mail, and to the holders of the Rights  Certificates by
first-class  mail.  If the  Rights  Agent  shall  resign or be  removed or shall
otherwise become  incapable of acting,  the Company shall appoint a successor to
the Rights Agent.  If the Company shall fail to make such  appointment  within a
period  of 30 days  after  giving  notice of such  removal  or after it has been
notified  in writing of such  resignation  or  incapacity  by the  resigning  or
incapacitated  Rights Agent or by the holder of a Rights Certificate (who shall,
with such notice,  submit his Rights Certificate for inspection by the Company),
then  the  incumbent  Rights  Agent  or the  registered  holder  of  any  Rights
Certificate may apply to any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment
of a new Rights Agent.  Any successor  Rights  Agent,  whether  appointed by the
Company  or by such a  court,  shall  be (i) a  corporation,  limited  liability
company (or other legal entity  acceptable  to the Company)  organized and doing
business  under the laws of the United States or of any state  thereof,  in good
standing,  which is authorized  under such laws to exercise  corporate  trust or
stock transfer powers and is subject to supervision or examination by federal or
state  authority and which has at the time of its  appointment as Rights Agent a
combined  capital  and  surplus  of at least $50  million  or (ii) an  affiliate
thereof. After appointment,  the successor Rights Agent shall be vested with the
same powers,  rights,  duties and  responsibilities as if it had been originally
named as Rights Agent without  further act or deed; but the  predecessor  Rights
Agent shall deliver and transfer to the  successor  Rights Agent any property at
the time held by it  hereunder,  and execute and deliver any further  assurance,
conveyance,  act or deed necessary for the purpose. Not later than the effective
date of any such  appointment  the Company shall file notice  thereof in writing
with the  predecessor  Rights Agent and each transfer agent of the Common Shares
or  Preferred  Shares,  and mail a notice  thereof in writing to the  registered

<PAGE>

holders of the Rights Certificates.  Failure to appoint a successor Rights Agent
within the 30 day period or to give any notice  provided for in this Section 21,
however, or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of the
resignation  or removal of the Rights Agent or the  appointment of the successor
Rights Agent, as the case may be.

         Section 22. ISSUANCE OF NEW RIGHTS CERTIFICATES. Notwithstanding any of
the provisions of this  Agreement or of the Rights to the contrary,  the Company
may, at its option, issue new Rights Certificates evidencing Rights in such form
as may be  approved  by its Board to  reflect  any  adjustment  or change in the
Purchase Price and the number or kind or class of shares or other  securities or
property  purchasable under the Rights  Certificates made in accordance with the
provisions of this  Agreement.  In addition,  in connection with the issuance or
sale  of  Common  Shares  following  the  Distribution  Date  and  prior  to the
redemption or expiration of the Rights,  the Company (a) shall,  with respect to
Common  Shares so issued or sold  pursuant to the  exercise of stock  options or
under  any  employee  plan  or  arrangement,   granted  or  awarded  as  of  the
Distribution  Date, or upon the  exercise,  conversion or exchange of securities
hereinafter  issued by the  Company,  and (b) may, in any other case,  if deemed
necessary or appropriate by the Board,  issue Rights  Certificates  representing
the  appropriate  number of Rights in  connection  with such  issuance  or sale;
provided,  however,  that (i) no such Rights Certificate shall be issued if, and
to the extent that,  the Company  shall be advised by counsel that such issuance
would create a  significant  risk of material  adverse tax  consequences  to the
Company or the Person to whom such Rights Certificates would be issued, and (ii)
no  such  Rights  Certificate  shall  be  issued  if,  and to the  extent  that,
appropriate  adjustment  shall  otherwise have been made in lieu of the issuance
thereof.

         Section 23.       REDEMPTION.

         (a) The Board may, at its option, at any time prior to such time as any
Person  becomes an Acquiring  Person,  redeem all but not less than all the then
outstanding  Rights  at a  redemption  price of $0.01 per  Right,  appropriately
adjusted  to reflect any stock  split,  stock  dividend  or similar  transaction
occurring  after  the date  hereof  (such  redemption  price  being  hereinafter
referred to as the "Redemption Price"). The Redemption Price may be paid, at the
option of the  Company,  in cash,  or by delivery  of or exchange  for shares of
Common Stock or other  consideration  deemed in good faith to have a fair market
value equal to $.01 per Right (as adjusted) by the Board.  The redemption of the
Rights by the Board may be made  effective at such time,  on such basis and with
such conditions as the Board in its sole discretion may establish.

         (b) Immediately upon the action of the Board ordering the redemption of
the Rights pursuant to paragraph (a) of this Section 23, and without any further
action and without any notice,  the right to exercise the Rights will  terminate
and the only right  thereafter  of the holders of Rights shall be to receive the
Redemption  Price.  The Company  shall  promptly  give public notice of any such
redemption;  provided,  however, that the failure to give, or any defect in, any
such notice  shall not affect the  validity of such  redemption.  Within 10 days
after such  action of the Board  ordering  the  redemption  of the  Rights,  the
Company  shall  mail a  notice  of  redemption  to all the  holders  of the then

<PAGE>

outstanding  Rights at their last  addresses  as they appear  upon the  registry
books of the Rights Agent or, prior to the  Distribution  Date,  on the registry
books of the transfer agent for the Common Shares. Any notice which is mailed in
the manner  herein  provided  shall be deemed  given,  whether or not the holder
receives  the notice.  Each such notice of  redemption  will state the method by
which the payment of the Redemption Price will be made.  Neither the Company nor
any of its  Affiliates or Associates  may redeem,  acquire or purchase for value
any Rights at any time in any manner other than that  specifically  set forth in
this Section 23 or in Section 24 hereof,  and other than in connection  with the
purchase of Common Shares prior to the Distribution Date.

         Section 24.       EXCHANGE.

         (a) The Board may, at its option,  at any time after any Person becomes
an  Acquiring  Person,  exchange  all  or  part  of  the  then  outstanding  and
exercisable  Rights  (which  shall not include  Rights that have become null and
void pursuant to the provisions of Section  11(a)(ii)  hereof) for Common Shares
at an exchange  ratio of one Common Share per Right,  appropriately  adjusted to
reflect any stock split, stock dividend or similar  transaction  occurring after
the date  hereof  (such  exchange  ratio  being  hereinafter  referred to as the
"Exchange  Ratio").  Notwithstanding  the  foregoing,  the  Board  shall  not be
empowered to effect such  exchange at any time after any Person  (other than the
Company, any Subsidiary of the Company, any employee benefit plan of the Company
or any such  Subsidiary,  or any entity holding Common Shares for or pursuant to
the terms of any such plan), together with all Affiliates and Associates of such
Person,  becomes the  Beneficial  Owner of 50% or more of the Common Shares then
outstanding.

         (b)  Immediately  upon the action of the Board ordering the exchange of
any Rights  pursuant to paragraph (a) of this Section 24 and without any further
action and without any notice, the right to exercise such Rights shall terminate
and the only right  thereafter of the holders of Rights shall be to receive that
number of Common  Shares  equal to the number of such Rights held by such holder
multiplied by the Exchange Ratio.  The Company shall promptly give public notice
of any such exchange; provided, however, that the failure to give, or any defect
in, such notice  shall not affect the  validity  of such  exchange.  The Company
promptly  shall mail a notice of any such exchange to all of the holders of such
Rights at their last  addresses  as they appear upon the  registry  books of the
Rights Agent.  Any notice which is mailed in the manner herein provided shall be
deemed given, whether or not the holder receives the notice. Each such notice of
exchange  will state the method by which the  exchange of the Common  Shares for
Rights will be effected and, in the event of any partial exchange, the number of
Rights which will be exchanged.  Any partial exchange shall be effected pro rata
based on the number of Rights (other than Rights which have become void pursuant
to the provisions of Section 11(a)(ii) hereof) held by each holder of Rights.

         (c) In the event  that  there  shall not be  sufficient  Common  Shares
issued but not  outstanding,  or  authorized  but unissued (and not reserved for
issuance for  purposes  other than upon  exercise of the Rights),  to permit any
exchange  of Rights as  contemplated  in  accordance  with this  Section 24, the
Company  shall take all such action as may be necessary to authorize  additional

<PAGE>

Common Shares for issuance upon exchange of the Rights. In the event the Company
shall,  after good  faith  effort,  be unable to take all such  action as may be
necessary  to  authorize  such  additional  Common  Shares,  the  Company  shall
substitute, for each Common Share that would otherwise be issuable upon exchange
of a Right,  a number of  Preferred  Shares or  fraction  thereof  such that the
current per share market price of one Preferred Share  multiplied by such number
or fraction is equal to the current per share  market  price of one Common Share
as of the date of issuance of such Preferred Shares (or fraction thereof).

         (d) The  Company  shall not be required  to issue  fractions  of Common
Shares or to distribute certificates which evidence fractional Common Shares. In
lieu of such fractional  Common Shares,  the Company shall pay to the registered
holders of the Rights  Certificates  with regard to which such fractional Common
Shares would  otherwise be issuable an amount in cash equal to the same fraction
of the current  market value of a whole Common  Share.  For the purposes of this
paragraph  (d),  the current  market  value of a whole Common Share shall be the
current per share market price of a Common Share (as determined  pursuant to the
second  sentence of Section  11(d)(i)  hereof)  for the Trading Day  immediately
prior to the date of exchange pursuant to this Section 24.

         Section 25.       NOTICE OF CERTAIN EVENTS.

         (a) In case the Company shall  propose (i) to pay any dividend  payable
in stock of any  class to the  holders  of its  Preferred  Shares or to make any
other  distribution to the holders of its Preferred Shares (other than a regular
quarterly cash dividend),  (ii) to offer to the holders of its Preferred  Shares
rights or warrants to  subscribe  for or to purchase  any  additional  Preferred
Shares  or  shares  of stock of any  class or any  other  securities,  rights or
options,  (iii) to effect any  reclassification  of its Preferred  Shares (other
than a reclassification  involving only the subdivision of outstanding Preferred
Shares),  (iv) to effect any  consolidation or merger into or with, or to effect
any sale or other  transfer  (or to permit  one or more of its  Subsidiaries  to
effect any sale or other transfer), in one or more transactions,  of 50% or more
of the assets or earning power of the Company and its  Subsidiaries  (taken as a
whole)  to, any other  Person,  (v) to effect the  liquidation,  dissolution  or
winding up of the Company,  or (vi) to declare or pay any dividend on the Common
Shares  payable  in Common  Shares or to effect a  subdivision,  combination  or
consolidation  of the Common Shares (by  reclassification  or otherwise  than by
payment of dividends in Common  Shares),  then,  in each such case,  the Company
shall give to each holder of a Rights Certificate, to the extent feasible and in
accordance with Section 26 hereof, a notice of such proposed action, which shall
specify the record date for the purposes of such stock dividend, or distribution
of  rights  or   warrants,   or  the  date  on  which   such   reclassification,
consolidation,  merger, sale, transfer, liquidation,  dissolution, or winding up
is to take place and the date of  participation  therein  by the  holders of the
Common Shares and/or Preferred Shares, if any such date is to be fixed, and such
notice shall be so given in the case of any action covered by clause (i) or (ii)
above at least 10 days prior to the record date for  determining  holders of the
Preferred Shares for purposes of such action,  and in the case of any such other
action, at least 10 days prior to the date of the taking of such proposed action
or the date of participation  therein by the holders of the Common Shares and/or
Preferred Shares, whichever shall be the earlier.

         (b) In case a Section  11(a)(ii)  Event shall  occur,  then the Company
shall  as soon  as  practicable  thereafter  give to  each  holder  of a  Rights
Certificate, in accordance with Section 26 hereof, a notice of the occurrence of

<PAGE>

such event,  which notice shall describe such event and the consequences of such
event to holders of Rights under Section 11(a)(ii) hereof.

         Section 26. Notices. Notices or demands authorized by this Agreement to
be given or made by the Rights Agent or by the holder of any Rights  Certificate
to or on the Company shall be sufficiently  given or made if sent by first-class
mail, postage prepaid, addressed (until another address is filed in writing with
the Rights Agent) as follows:

                  American Physicians Service Group, Inc.
                  1301 Capital of Texas Highway, Suite C-300
                  Austin, Texas 78746
                  Attention:  Corporate Secretary

Subject to the provisions of Section 21 hereof,  any notice or demand authorized
by this  Agreement  to be given or made by the  Company  or by the holder of any
Rights Certificate to or on the Rights Agent shall be sufficiently given or made
if sent by first-class mail,  postage prepaid,  addressed (until another address
is filed in writing with the Company) as follows:

                  American Stock Transfer & Trust Company
                  40 Wall Street, 46th Floor
                  New York, New York  10005
                  Attention:  Corporate Trust Department

Notices  or  demands  authorized  by this  Agreement  to be given or made by the
Company or the Rights  Agent to the  holder of any Rights  Certificate  shall be
sufficiently  given  or  made  if sent by  first-class  mail,  postage  prepaid,
addressed  to such holder at the address of such holder as shown on the registry
books of the Company.

         Section 27.  SUPPLEMENTS AND  AMENDMENTS.  The Company may from time to
time  supplement or amend this Agreement  without the approval of any holders of
Rights Certificates in order to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any
provision contained herein which may be defective or inconsistent with any other
provisions  herein,  or to make any other  provisions with respect to the Rights
which the  Company may deem  necessary  or  desirable,  any such  supplement  or
amendment  to be  evidenced  by a writing  signed by the  Company and the Rights
Agent; provided, however, that from and after such time as any Person becomes an
Acquiring Person,  this Agreement shall not be amended in any manner which would
adversely  affect the interests of the holders of Rights;  and further  provided
that such  supplement or amendment does not without the Rights  Agent's  consent
materially  change  or  increase  the  Rights  Agent's  duties,  liabilities  or
obligations.

         Section 28.  SUCCESSORS.  All the  covenants and  provisions of this
Agreement by or for the benefit of the Company or the Rights Agent shall bind
and inure to the benefit of their  respective  successors and assigns hereunder.

         Section 29.  DETERMINATIONS  AND ACTIONS BY THE BOARD,  etc.  The Board
shall have the exclusive power and authority to administer this Agreement and to

<PAGE>

exercise  all  rights  and  powers  specifically  granted to the Board or to the
Company,  or as may be  necessary or  advisable  in the  administration  of this
Agreement,  including,  without limitation, the right and power to (i) interpret
the  provisions  of this  Agreement,  and (ii)  make all  determinations  deemed
necessary or advisable for the  administration  of this  Agreement  (including a
determination to redeem or not redeem the Rights or to amend the Agreement). All
such actions,  calculations,  interpretations and determinations (including, for
purposes of clause (y) below, all omissions with respect to the foregoing) which
are done or made by the Board in good faith, shall (x) be final,  conclusive and
binding on the  Company,  the Rights  Agent,  the  holders of the Rights and all
other parties,  and (y) not subject the Board to any liability to the holders of
the Rights.

         Section 30. BENEFITS OF THIS AGREEMENT. Nothing in this Agreement shall
be construed to give to any Person other than the Company,  the Rights Agent and
the  registered   holders  of  the  Rights   Certificates  (and,  prior  to  the
Distribution  Date, the Common Shares) any legal or equitable  right,  remedy or
claim  under  this  Agreement;  but  this  Agreement  shall  be for the sole and
exclusive benefit of the Company, the Rights Agent and the registered holders of
the  Rights  Certificates  (and,  prior to the  Distribution  Date,  the  Common
Shares).

         Section  31.  SEVERABILITY.   If  any  term,  provision,   covenant  or
restriction  of this Agreement is held by a court of competent  jurisdiction  or
other  authority  to be invalid,  void or  unenforceable,  the  remainder of the
terms, provisions,  covenants and restrictions of this Agreement shall remain in
full force and effect and shall in no way be affected,  impaired or invalidated;
provided,  however,  that  notwithstanding  anything  in this  Agreement  to the
contrary, if any such term,  provision,  covenant or restriction is held by such
court or authority to be invalid, void or unenforceable and the Board determines
in its good  faith  judgment  that  severing  the  invalid  language  from  this
Agreement  would adversely  affect the purpose or effect of this Agreement,  the
right of redemption set forth in Section 23 hereof shall be reinstated and shall
not expire  until the Close of Business on the tenth day  following  the date of
such determination by the Board.

         Section 32.  GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement and each Rights  Certificate
issued  hereunder  shall be deemed to be a  contract  made under the laws of the
State of Texas  and for all  purposes  shall be  governed  by and  construed  in
accordance  with the laws of such State  applicable  to contracts to be made and
performed  entirely within such State;  provided,  however,  that all provisions
regarding  the  rights,  duties and  obligations  of the Rights  Agent  shall be
governed by and construed in  accordance  with the laws of the State of New York
applicable to contracts made and to be performed entirely within such State.

         Section 33.  COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in any number
of counterparts  and each of such counterparts  shall for all purposes be deemed
to be an original,  and all such counterparts shall together constitute but one
and the same instrument.

         Section 34.  DESCRIPTIVE HEADINGS. Descriptive  headings of the several
Sections of this Agreement are  inserted  for  convenience  only and shall not
control or affect the meaning or  construction  of any of the provisions hereof.

                            [Signature page follows]


<PAGE>



                                 Signature Page
                                       to
                                Rights Agreement

                     American Physicians Service Group, Inc.
                                       and
                     American Stock Transfer & Trust Company


         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed and attested, all as of the day and year first above written.


                                       American Physicians Service Group, Inc.



Attest: /s/ William H. Hayes           By: /s/ Kenneth S. Shifrin
       ---------------------           --------------------------
                                       Kenneth S. Shifrin, Chairman of the Board
Name:   William H. Hayes               and Chief Executive Officer

Title:  Senior V.P. - Finance


                                       American Stock Transfer & Trust Company



Attest: /s/ Susan Silber               By:  /s/ Herbert Lemmer
        -------------------                 -----------------------
Name:    Susan Silber                  Name:  Herbert Lemmer

Title:   Vice President                Title: General Counsel



<PAGE>



                                    Exhibit A

                                     FORM of
                            STATEMENT OF RESOLUTIONS
                                  ESTABLISHING
                  SERIES A JUNIOR PARTICIPATING PREFERRED STOCK
                                       of
                     AMERICAN PHYSICIANS SERVICE GROUP, INC.


To:      The Secretary of State of the State of Texas:

         Pursuant  to the  provisions  of  Article  2.13 of the  Texas  Business
Corporation Act (the "TBCA"), the undersigned  corporation submits the following
statement for the purpose of establishing and designating a series of shares and
fixing and determining the  preferences,  limitations and relative rights of the
series:

         1. The name of the corporation is American Physicians Service Group,
Inc.

         2. The following  resolution,  establishing and designating a series of
shares and fixing and  determining  the relative  rights and  preferences of the
series,  was duly adopted by all necessary  action of the corporation on June 8,
1999:

         RESOLVED,  that the Board of Directors of American  Physicians  Service
Group,  Inc. (the "Company")  hereby  designates  25,000 shares of the Company's
Preferred  Stock,  $1.00 par value, as Series A Junior  Participating  Preferred
Stock with the  designation,  preferences,  limitations,  and relative rights as
follows:

         Section 1.  DESIGNATION AND AMOUNT.  The shares of such series shall be
designated as "Junior  Participating  Preferred Stock,  Series A" (the "Series A
Preferred  Stock") and the number of shares  constituting the Series A Preferred
Stock shall be 25,000.  Such number of shares may be  increased  or decreased by
resolution of the Board of Directors;  provided,  that no decrease  shall reduce
the  number  of shares of  Series A  Preferred  Stock to a number  less than the
number of shares  then  outstanding  plus the  number  of  shares  reserved  for
issuance upon the exercise of  outstanding  options,  rights or warrants or upon
the conversion of any outstanding  securities issued by the Company  convertible
into Series A Preferred Stock.

         Section 2.        DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS.

         A.  Subject to the rights of the holders of any shares of any series of
Preferred  Stock (or any similar stock) ranking prior and superior to the Series
A Preferred  Stock with respect to dividends,  the holders of shares of Series A
Preferred  Stock, in preference to the holders of Common Stock,  par value $0.10
per share (the "Common Stock"),  of the Company,  and of any other junior stock,
shall be entitled to receive, when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors
out of funds legally available for the purpose,  quarterly  dividends payable in
cash on the first day of  January,  April,  July and  October in each year (each

<PAGE>

such date being  referred to herein as a  "Quarterly  Dividend  Payment  Date"),
commencing on the first Quarterly Dividend Payment Date after the first issuance
of a share or fraction of a share of Series A Preferred  Stock, in an amount per
share  (rounded  to the  nearest  cent) equal to the greater of (a) $1.00 or (b)
subject to the provision for adjustment  hereinafter  set forth,  1000 times the
aggregate per share amount of all cash  dividends,  and 1000 times the aggregate
per  share  amount  (payable  in  kind)  of  all  non-cash  dividends  or  other
distributions,  other  than a dividend  payable  in shares of Common  Stock or a
subdivision of the outstanding  shares of Common Stock (by  reclassification  or
otherwise),  declared  on the  Common  Stock  since  the  immediately  preceding
Quarterly Dividend Payment Date or, with respect to the first Quarterly Dividend
Payment  Date,  since the first  issuance of any share or fraction of a share of
Series A Preferred  Stock. In the event the Company shall at any time declare or
pay any  dividend  on the Common  Stock  payable in shares of Common  Stock,  or
effect a subdivision or combination or consolidation  of the outstanding  shares
of Common Stock (by  reclassification or otherwise than by payment of a dividend
in shares of Common  Stock) into a greater or lesser  number of shares of Common
Stock,  then in each such case the amount to which holders of shares of Series A
Preferred Stock were entitled  immediately  prior to such event under clause (b)
of the  preceding  sentence  shall be adjusted by  multiplying  such amount by a
fraction,  the  numerator  of which is the  number of  shares  of  Common  Stock
outstanding  immediately  after such event and the  denominator  of which is the
number of shares of Common Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to such
event.

         B. The Company shall declare a dividend or distribution on the Series A
Preferred Stock as provided in paragraph (A) of this Section  immediately  after
it  declares a  dividend  or  distribution  on the Common  Stock  (other  than a
dividend  payable in shares of Common  Stock);  provided  that,  in the event no
dividend or distribution shall have been declared on the Common Stock during the
period  between any  Quarterly  Dividend  Payment  Date and the next  subsequent
Quarterly  Dividend  Payment Date, a dividend of $1.00 per share on the Series A
Preferred  Stock  shall  nevertheless  be payable on such  subsequent  Quarterly
Dividend Payment Date.

         C.  Dividends  shall begin to accrue and be cumulative  on  outstanding
shares of Series A Preferred Stock from the Quarterly Dividend Payment Date next
preceding  the date of issue of such  shares,  unless  the date of issue of such
shares is prior to the  record  date for the first  Quarterly  Dividend  Payment
Date, in which case dividends on such shares shall begin to accrue from the date
of issue of such  shares,  or unless the date of issue is a  Quarterly  Dividend
Payment Date or is a date after the record date for the determination of holders
of shares of Series A Preferred  Stock entitled to receive a quarterly  dividend
and before such Quarterly  Dividend Payment Date, in either of which events such
dividends shall begin to accrue and be cumulative  from such Quarterly  Dividend
Payment Date.  Accrued but unpaid  dividends shall not bear interest.  Dividends
paid on the shares of Series A Preferred  Stock in an amount less than the total
amount of such dividends at the time accrued and payable on such shares shall be
allocated pro rata on a  share-by-share  basis among all such shares at the time
outstanding.  The Board of Directors may fix a record date for the determination
of holders of shares of Series A Preferred  Stock entitled to receive payment of
a dividend or distribution declared thereon, which record date shall be not more
than 50 days prior to the date fixed for the payment thereof.

<PAGE>

         Section 3.  VOTING RIGHTS. The holders of shares of Series A  Preferred
Stock  shall  have the following voting rights:

         A. Subject to the provision for adjustment  hereinafter set forth, each
share of Series A Preferred Stock shall entitle the holder thereof to 1000 votes
on all matters  submitted to a vote of the  shareholders of the Company.  In the
event the Company  shall at any time  declare or pay any  dividend on the Common
Stock payable in shares of Common Stock,  or effect a subdivision or combination
or consolidation of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (by  reclassification
or  otherwise  than by payment of a dividend  in shares of Common  Stock) into a
greater or lesser number of shares of Common  Stock,  then in each such case the
number of votes per share to which holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock
were entitled  immediately  prior to such event shall be adjusted by multiplying
such number by a  fraction,  the  numerator  of which is the number of shares of
Common Stock  outstanding  immediately  after such event and the  denominator of
which is the number of shares of Common Stock that were outstanding  immediately
prior to such event.

         B. Except as  otherwise  provided  herein,  in any other  Statement  of
Resolutions establishing a series of Preferred Stock or any similar stock, or by
law, the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock and the holders of shares
of Common Stock and any other capital stock of the Company having general voting
rights  shall vote  together as one class on all matters  submitted to a vote of
shareholders of the Company.

         C. Except as set forth herein, or as otherwise provided by law, holders
of Series A  Preferred  Stock  shall  have no  special  voting  rights and their
consent  shall not be required  (except to the extent they are  entitled to vote
with  holders of Common  Stock as set forth  herein)  for  taking any  corporate
action.

         Section 4.        CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS.

         A. Whenever  quarterly  dividends or other  dividends or  distributions
payable on the Series A Preferred Stock as provided in Section 2 are in arrears,
thereafter and until all accrued and unpaid dividends and distributions, whether
or not declared,  on shares of Series A Preferred Stock  outstanding  shall have
been paid in full, the Company shall not:

                  (i) declare or pay dividends, or make any other distributions,
         on any shares of stock ranking  junior  (either as to dividends or upon
         liquidation,  dissolution  or  winding  up) to the  Series A  Preferred
         Stock;

                  (ii)   declare   or  pay   dividends,   or  make   any   other
         distributions, on any shares of stock ranking on a parity (either as to
         dividends  or upon  liquidation,  dissolution  or winding  up) with the
         Series A Preferred Stock, except dividends paid ratably on the Series A
         Preferred  Stock  and all such  parity  stock on  which  dividends  are
         payable or in arrears in  proportion  to the total amounts to which the
         holders of all such shares are then entitled;

                  (iii)   redeem  or   purchase   or   otherwise   acquire   for
         consideration  shares  of  any  stock  ranking  junior  (either  as  to
         dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) to the Series
         A Preferred  Stock,  provided  that the Company may at any time redeem,

<PAGE>

         purchase  or  otherwise  acquire  shares  of any such  junior  stock in
         exchange for shares of any stock of the Company  ranking junior (either
         as to dividends or upon dissolution,  liquidation or winding up) to the
         Series A Preferred Stock; or

                  (iv) redeem or purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration
         any shares of Series A Preferred  Stock, or any shares of stock ranking
         on a parity with the Series A  Preferred  Stock,  except in  accordance
         with a purchase offer made in writing or by publication  (as determined
         by the Board of  Directors)  to all  holders of such  shares  upon such
         terms as the Board of Directors,  after consideration of the respective
         annual  dividend rates and other relative rights and preferences of the
         respective  series  and  classes,  shall  determine  in good faith will
         result in fair and equitable  treatment among the respective  series or
         classes.

         B. The  Company  shall not  permit  any  subsidiary  of the  Company to
purchase  or  otherwise  acquire  for  consideration  any shares of stock of the
Company  unless  the  Company  could,  under  paragraph  (A) of this  Section 4,
purchase or otherwise acquire such shares at such time and in such manner.

         Section 5.  REACQUIRED  SHARES.  Any shares of Series A Preferred Stock
purchased or otherwise acquired by the Company in any manner whatsoever shall be
retired and cancelled  promptly after the acquisition  thereof.  All such shares
shall upon their cancellation become authorized but unissued shares of Preferred
Stock and may be reissued as part of a new series of Preferred  Stock subject to
the conditions and restrictions on issuance set forth herein, in the Articles of
Incorporation, or in any other Statement of Resolutions establishing a series of
Preferred Stock or any similar stock or as otherwise required by law.

         Section  6.   LIQUIDATION,   DISSOLUTION   OR  WINDING   UP.  Upon  any
liquidation,  dissolution or winding up of the Company, no distribution shall be
made  (1) to the  holders  of  shares  of stock  ranking  junior  (either  as to
dividends  or upon  liquidation,  dissolution  or  winding  up) to the  Series A
Preferred  Stock  unless,  prior  thereto,  the  holders  of  shares of Series A
Preferred  Stock shall have  received  $1000 per share,  plus an amount equal to
accrued and unpaid dividends and distributions thereon, whether or not declared,
to the date of such  payment,  provided  that the  holders of shares of Series A
Preferred  Stock  shall be entitled  to receive an  aggregate  amount per share,
subject to the provision for  adjustment  hereinafter  set forth,  equal to 1000
times the aggregate  amount to be distributed  per share to holders of shares of
Common  Stock,  or (2) to the  holders  of shares of stock  ranking  on a parity
(either as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) with the
Series A Preferred  Stock,  except  distributions  made  ratably on the Series A
Preferred  Stock and all such parity stock in proportion to the total amounts to
which the  holders  of all such  shares  are  entitled  upon  such  liquidation,
dissolution or winding up. In the event the Company shall at any time declare or
pay any  dividend  on the Common  Stock  payable in shares of Common  Stock,  or
effect a subdivision or combination or consolidation  of the outstanding  shares
of Common Stock (by  reclassification or otherwise than by payment of a dividend
in shares of Common  Stock) into a greater or lesser  number of shares of Common
Stock, then in each such case the aggregate amount to which holders of shares of
Series A Preferred Stock were entitled immediately prior to such event under the
proviso in clause (1) of the preceding sentence shall be adjusted by multiplying
such  amount by a  fraction  the  numerator  of which is the number of shares of
Common Stock  outstanding  immediately  after such event and the  denominator of

<PAGE>

which is the number of shares of Common Stock that were outstanding  immediately
prior to such event.

         Section 7. CONSOLIDATION,  Merger, etc. In case the Company shall enter
into any  consolidation,  merger,  combination or other transaction in which the
shares  of  Common  Stock are  exchanged  for or  changed  into  other  stock or
securities,  cash and/or any other property, then in any such case each share of
Series A  Preferred  Stock  shall at the same  time be  similarly  exchanged  or
changed  into an amount  per  share,  subject to the  provision  for  adjustment
hereinafter  set  forth,  equal to 1000  times  the  aggregate  amount of stock,
securities,  cash and/or any other property  (payable in kind),  as the case may
be, into which or for which each share of Common Stock is changed or  exchanged.
In the event the Company  shall at any time  declare or pay any  dividend on the
Common  Stock  payable in shares of Common  Stock,  or effect a  subdivision  or
combination  or  consolidation  of the  outstanding  shares of Common  Stock (by
reclassification  or otherwise than by payment of a dividend in shares of Common
Stock) into a greater or lesser number of shares of Common  Stock,  then in each
such case the amount set forth in the  preceding  sentence  with  respect to the
exchange  or change of shares of Series A  Preferred  Stock shall be adjusted by
multiplying  such amount by a fraction,  the numerator of which is the number of
shares  of  Common  Stock  outstanding  immediately  after  such  event  and the
denominator  of  which is the  number  of  shares  of  Common  Stock  that  were
outstanding immediately prior to such event.

         Section 8.  NO REDEMPTION. The shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall
not be redeemable.

         Section 9.  RANK.  The  Series A  Preferred  Stock  shall  rank,  with
respect  to the  payment of dividends  and the  distribution  of assets,  junior
to all series of any other  class of the  Company's  Preferred Stock.

         Section 10.  AMENDMENT.  The Articles of  Incorporation  of the Company
shall not be amended in any manner  which would  materially  alter or change the
powers,  preferences or special rights of the Series A Preferred  Stock so as to
affect them adversely  without the  affirmative  vote of the holders of at least
two-thirds  of the  outstanding  shares  of  Series A  Preferred  Stock,  voting
together as a single class.

         IN WITNESS  WHEREOF,  the  undersigned has executed and subscribed this
Statement of Resolutions  and does hereby affirm the foregoing as true under the
penalties of perjury this _____ day of __________ 1999.

                                       American Physicians Service Group, Inc.


                                       By: /s/ Ken Shifrin
                                           ----------------------
                                       Ken Shifrin
                                       Chairman of the Board and
                                       Chief Executive Officer


<PAGE>



                                    Exhibit B

                           Form of Rights Certificate
Certificate No. R-Rights

         NOT  EXERCISABLE  AFTER  AUGUST 15,  2009 OR EARLIER IF  REDEMPTION  OR
         EXCHANGE  OCCURS.  THE RIGHTS ARE  SUBJECT TO  REDEMPTION  AT $0.01 PER
         RIGHT AND TO EXCHANGE  ON THE TERMS SET FORTH IN THE RIGHTS  AGREEMENT.
         UNDER CERTAIN  CIRCUMSTANCES,  RIGHTS BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY AN ACQUIRED
         PERSON  (AS SUCH  TERM IS  DEFINED  IN THE  RIGHTS  AGREEMENT)  AND ANY
         SUBSEQUENT HOLDER OF SUCH RIGHTS MAY BECOME NULL AND VOID.

                               Rights Certificate

                     AMERICAN PHYSICIANS SERVICE GROUP, INC.

         This certifies that  _____________________,  or registered  assigns, is
the  registered  owner of the  number of Rights set forth  above,  each of which
entitles the owner thereof,  subject to the terms,  provisions and conditions of
the Rights  Agreement,  dated as of August 15,  1999 (the  "Rights  Agreement"),
between  American  Physicians  Service  Group,  Inc., a Texas  corporation  (the
"Company"), and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company (the "Rights Agent"), to
purchase from the Company at any time after the Distribution  Date (as such term
is defined in the Rights Agreement) and prior to 5:00 P.M., Austin,  Texas time,
on August 15, 2009 at the principal office of the Rights Agent, or at the office
of  its  successor  as  Rights  Agent,  one   one-thousandth  of  a  fully  paid
non-assessable  share of Junior  Participating  Preferred  Stock,  Series A, par
value $1.00 per share (the "Preferred  Shares"),  of the Company,  at a purchase
price of $20.00 per one  one-thousandth  of a  Preferred  Share  (the  "Purchase
Price"),  upon  presentation  and surrender of this Rights  Certificate with the
Form of Election to Purchase duly  executed.  The number of Rights  evidenced by
this Rights  Certificate (and the number of one  one-thousandths  of a Preferred
Share which may be purchased  upon  exercise  hereof) set forth  above,  and the
Purchase  Price set forth above,  are the number and Purchase Price as of August
15, 1999, based on the Preferred Shares as constituted at such date. As provided
in  the  Rights   Agreement,   the   Purchase   Price  and  the  number  of  one
one-thousandths of a Preferred Share which may be purchased upon the exercise of
the Rights evidenced by this Rights  Certificate are subject to modification and
adjustment upon the happening of certain events.

         This Rights Certificate is subject to all of the terms,  provisions and
conditions of the Rights Agreement,  which terms,  provisions and conditions are
hereby  incorporated  herein by  reference  and made a part  hereof and to which
Rights Agreement  reference is hereby made for a full description of the rights,
limitations  of rights,  obligations,  duties and  immunities  hereunder  of the
Rights Agent, the Company and the holders of the Rights Certificates.  Copies of
the  Rights  Agreement  are on file at the  principal  executive  offices of the
Company and the above-mentioned offices of the Rights Agent.

         This Rights  Certificate,  with or without  other Rights  Certificates,
upon  surrender at the office of the Rights Agent  designated  for such purpose,
may be exchanged for another Rights  Certificate or Rights  Certificates of like
tenor  and date  evidencing  Rights  entitling  the  holder to  purchase  a like
aggregate  number of  Preferred  Shares as the  Rights  evidenced  by the Rights
Certificate or Rights  Certificates  surrendered shall have entitled such holder
to purchase.  If this Rights  Certificate shall be exercised in part, the holder

<PAGE>

shall be entitled to receive upon surrender hereof another Rights Certificate or
Rights Certificates for the number of whole Rights not exercised.

         Subject to the provisions of the Rights Agreement, the Rights evidenced
by this  Certificate (i) may be redeemed by the Company at a redemption price of
$0.01  per  Right or (ii)  may be  exchanged  in whole or in part for  Preferred
Shares or shares of the Company's Common Stock, par value $0.10 per share.

         No fractional  Preferred Shares will be issued upon the exercise of any
Right or Rights  evidenced  hereby  (other  than  fractions  which are  integral
multiples of one one-thousandth of a Preferred Share, which may, at the election
of the Company, be evidenced by depositary receipts), but in lieu thereof a cash
payment will be made, as provided in the Rights Agreement.

         No holder  of this  Rights  Certificate  shall be  entitled  to vote or
receive  dividends  or be deemed for any  purpose  the  holder of the  Preferred
Shares  or of any  other  securities  of the  Company  which  may at any time be
issuable on the  exercise  hereof,  nor shall  anything  contained in the Rights
Agreement or herein be construed to confer upon the holder hereof,  as such, any
of the  rights  of a  shareholder  of the  Company  or any right to vote for the
election  of  directors  or upon any matter  submitted  to  shareholders  at any
meeting thereof,  or to give or withhold consent to any corporate  action, or to
receive notice of meetings or other actions  affecting  shareholders  (except as
provided  in the Rights  Agreement),  or to receive  dividends  or  subscription
rights,  or  otherwise,  until  the  Right or Rights  evidenced  by this  Rights
Certificate shall have been exercised as provided in the Rights Agreement.

         This  Rights  Certificate  shall  not be  valid or  obligatory  for any
purpose until it shall have been countersigned by the Rights Agent.

         WITNESS  the  signature  of the proper  officers of the Company and its
corporate seal.

Dated as of                                 .

ATTEST:                                 AMERICAN PHYSICIANS SERVICE GROUP, INC.



                                        Kenneth S. Shifrin
                                        Chairman of the Board and Chief
                                        Executive Officer

Countersigned:
American Stock Transfer & Trust Company

By:

Name:

Title:


<PAGE>


                   Form of Reverse Side of Rights Certificate

                               FORM OF ASSIGNMENT

                (To be executed by the registered holder if such
               holder desires to transfer the Rights Certificate)

         FOR VALUE RECEIVED ________________ hereby sells, assigns and transfers
unto  ____________________________________  (Please  print  name and  address of
transferee) this Rights Certificate, together with all right, title and interest
therein,    and    does    hereby    irrevocably    constitute    and    appoint
______________________ as Attorney, to transfer the within Rights Certificate on
the books of the within-named Company, with full power of substitution.

Dated:

Signature:

Name:

Signature Guaranteed:



                                   Certificate

         The  undersigned  hereby  certifies by checking the  appropriate  boxes
that:

         (1) this Rights Certificate [ ] is [ ] is not being sold,  assigned and
transferred by or on behalf of a Person who is or was an Acquiring  Person or an
Affiliate or Associate of any such  Acquiring  Person (as such terms are defined
pursuant to the Rights Agreement)

         (2) after due inquiry and to the best knowledge of the undersigned,  it
[ ] did [ ] did not acquire the Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate from
any  Person  who is,  was or  subsequently  became  an  Acquiring  Person  or an
Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person.

Dated:

Signature:

Signature Guaranteed:

                                     NOTICE

         The  signature  to  the  foregoing   Assignment  and  Certificate  must
correspond  to the name as written upon the face of this Rights  Certificate  in
every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever.

         Signatures must be guaranteed by a member firm of a registered national
securities exchange, a member of the National Association of Securities Dealers,
Inc., or a commercial bank or trust company having an office or correspondent in
the United States.



<PAGE>


             Form of Reverse Side of Rights Certificate - continued

                          FORM OF ELECTION TO PURCHASE

                  (To be executed if holder desires to exercise
                                  Rights represented by the Rights Certificate.)

To AMERICAN PHYSICIANS SERVICE GROUP, INC.:

         The    undersigned    hereby    irrevocably    elects    to    exercise
________________________  Rights  represented  by  this  Rights  Certificate  to
purchase  the  Preferred  Shares  issuable  upon the exercise of such Rights and
requests that certificates for such Preferred Shares be issued in the name of :

Please insert social security or other identifying number:  ____________________

- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                         (Please print name and address)

         If such number of Rights shall not be all the Rights  evidenced by this
Rights  Certificate,  a new Rights Certificate for the balance remaining of such
Rights shall be registered in the name of and delivered to:

Please insert social security or other identifying number:  ____________________

- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                         (Please print name and address)

Dated:

Signature:

Name:

Signature Guaranteed:

         Signatures must be guaranteed by a member firm of a registered national
securities exchange, a member of the National Association of Securities Dealers,
Inc., or a commercial bank or trust company having an office or correspondent in
the United States.

- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                   Certificate

         The  undersigned  hereby  certifies by checking the  appropriate  boxes
that:

         (1) the Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate [ ] are [ ] are not
being exercised by or on behalf of a Person who is or was an Acquiring Person or
an  Affiliate  or  Associate  of any such  Acquiring  Person  (as such terms are
defined pursuant to the Rights Agreement);

         (2) after due inquiry and to the best knowledge of the undersigned,  it
[ ] did [ ] did not acquire the Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate from
any  Person  who is,  was or  became an  Acquiring  Person  or an  Affiliate  or
Associate of an Acquiring Person.

Dated:

Signature:

Signature Guaranteed:



<PAGE>


                                    Exhibit C

                          SUMMARY OF RIGHTS TO PURCHASE

                                PREFERRED SHARES

         On June 8, 1999, the Board of Directors of American  Physicians Service
Group, Inc. (the "Company")  declared a dividend of one preferred share purchase
right (a "Right") for each  outstanding  share of common stock,  par value $0.10
per share (the  "Common  Shares"),  of the  Company.  The dividend is payable on
August 15, 1999 (the "Record Date") to the  shareholders of record on that date.
Each Right  entitles  the  registered  holder to  purchase  from the Company one
one-thousandths of a share of Junior  Participating  Preferred Stock,  Series A,
par value $1.00 per share (the "Preferred  Shares") of the Company at a price of
$20.00 per one  one-thousandth  of a  Preferred  Share (the  "Purchase  Price"),
subject to adjustment.  The description and terms of the Rights are set forth in
a Rights  Agreement  (the "Rights  Agreement")  between the Company and American
Stock Transfer & Trust Company as Rights Agent (the "Rights Agent").

         Until  the  earlier  to  occur  of  (i)  10  days  following  a  public
announcement  that a person or group of  affiliated  or  associated  persons (an
"Acquiring  Person")  have acquired  beneficial  ownership of 20% or more of the
outstanding Common Shares or (ii) 10 business days (or such later date as may be
determined  by action of the Board of  Directors  of the Company  (the  "Board")
prior to such  time as any  person or group of  affiliated  persons  becomes  an
Acquiring Person) following the commencement of, or announcement of an intention
to make, a tender offer or exchange offer the consummation of which would result
in the  beneficial  ownership  by a  person  or  group  of 20%  or  more  of the
outstanding   Common  Shares  (the  earlier  of  such  dates  being  called  the
"Distribution  Date"), the Rights will be evidenced,  with respect to any of the
Common Share  certificates  outstanding  as of the Record  Date,  by such Common
Share certificate with a copy of this Summary of Rights attached thereto.

         The Rights Agreement  provides that,  until the  Distribution  Date (or
earlier redemption or expiration of the Rights),  the Rights will be transferred
with and only with the Common Shares.  Until the  Distribution  Date (or earlier
redemption or expiration of the Rights),  new Common Share  certificates  issued
after the Record  Date upon  transfer  or new  issuance  of Common  Shares  will
contain a notation  incorporating  the Rights Agreement by reference.  Until the
Distribution  Date (or earlier  redemption  or  expiration  of the Rights),  the
surrender for transfer of any certificates  for Common Shares  outstanding as of
the Record Date,  even without such notation or a copy of this Summary of Rights
being  attached  thereto,  will  also  constitute  the  transfer  of the  Rights
associated with the Common Shares  represented by such  certificate.  As soon as
practicable  following the Distribution Date, separate  certificates  evidencing
the Rights  ("Rights  Certificates")  will be mailed to holders of record of the
Common  Shares as of the close of  business  on the  Distribution  Date and such
separate Rights Certificates alone will evidence the Rights.

         The Rights are not exercisable until the Distribution  Date. The Rights
will expire on August 15, 2009 (the "Final Expiration Date"),  unless the Rights
are earlier  redeemed or exchanged by the  Company,  in each case,  as described
below.

<PAGE>

         The Purchase Price payable, and the number of Preferred Shares or other
securities  or  property  issuable,  upon  exercise of the Rights are subject to
adjustment  from time to time to  prevent  dilution  (i) in the event of a stock
dividend on, or a subdivision, combination or reclassification of, the Preferred
Shares, (ii) upon the grant to holders of the Preferred Shares of certain rights
or  warrants  to  subscribe  for or  purchase  Preferred  Shares at a price,  or
securities  convertible into Preferred Shares with a conversion price, less than
the  then  current  market  price of the  Preferred  Shares,  or (iii)  upon the
distribution to holders of the Preferred  Shares of evidences of indebtedness or
assets  (excluding  regular  periodic  cash  dividends  paid out of  earnings or
retained  earnings or dividends  payable in Preferred Shares) or of subscription
rights or warrants (other than those referred to above).

         The number of outstanding Rights and the number of one  one-thousandths
of a Preferred  Share  issuable  upon exercise of each Right are also subject to
adjustment  in the  event  of a stock  split  of the  Common  Shares  or a stock
dividend  on the  Common  Shares  payable  in  Common  Shares  or  subdivisions,
consolidations or combinations of the Common Shares occurring, in any such case,
prior to the Distribution Date.

         Preferred  Shares  purchasable  upon exercise of the Rights will not be
redeemable.  Each  Preferred  Share will be entitled  to a minimum  preferential
quarterly  dividend  payment  of $1.00  per  share  but will be  entitled  to an
aggregate  dividend of 1000 times the dividend declared per Common Share. In the
event of liquidation,  the holders of the Preferred Shares will be entitled to a
preferential  liquidation payment equal to the greater of (a) $1000 per share or
(b) 1000 times the payment made per Common Share. Each Preferred Share will have
1000 votes, voting together with the Common Shares. Finally, in the event of any
merger, consolidation or other transaction in which Common Shares are exchanged,
each Preferred  Share will be entitled to receive 1000 times the amount received
per  Common  Share.  These  rights  are  protected  by  customary   antidilution
provisions.

         Because of the nature of the Preferred  Shares'  dividend,  liquidation
and voting rights, the value of the one  one-thousandth  interest in a Preferred
Share  purchasable  upon exercise of each Right should  approximate the value of
one Common Share.

         In the event that the Company is acquired in a merger or other business
combination  transaction  or 50% or more of its  consolidated  assets or earning
power are sold after a person or group has become an  Acquiring  Person,  proper
provision will be made so that each holder of a Right will  thereafter  have the
right to receive,  upon the exercise  thereof at the then current exercise price
of the Right,  that number of shares of common  stock of the  acquiring  company
which at the time of such  transaction will have a market value of two times the
exercise price of the Right. In the event that any person or group of affiliated
or associated  persons becomes an Acquiring  Person,  proper  provision shall be
made so that each holder of a Right, other than Rights beneficially owned by the
Acquiring Person (which will thereafter be void), will thereafter have the right
to receive upon  exercise  that number of Common Shares having a market value of
two times the exercise price of the Right.

<PAGE>

         At any time after any person or group  becomes an Acquiring  Person and
prior  to the  acquisition  by  such  person  or  group  of 50% or  more  of the
outstanding  Common Shares, the Board may exchange the Rights (other than Rights
owned by such person or group which will have become void), in whole or in part,
at an exchange ratio of one Common Share, or one  one-thousandth  of a Preferred
Share, per Right (subject to adjustment).

         With certain  exceptions,  no adjustment in the Purchase  Price will be
required until  cumulative  adjustments  require an adjustment of at least 1% in
such Purchase Price. No fractional  Preferred  Shares will be issued (other than
fractions  which are  integral  multiples of one  one-thousandth  of a Preferred
Share,  which may, at the  election of the Company,  be evidenced by  depositary
receipts),  and in lieu thereof, an adjustment in cash will be made based on the
market price of the  Preferred  Shares on the last trading day prior to the date
of exercise.

         At any time prior to the acquisition by a person or group of affiliated
or associated persons of beneficial  ownership of 20% or more of the outstanding
Common Shares,  the Board may redeem the Rights in whole,  but not in part, at a
price of $0.01 per Right (the "Redemption  Price"). The redemption of the Rights
may be made  effective  at such time on such basis with such  conditions  as the
Board in its sole discretion may establish.  Immediately  upon any redemption of
the Rights,  the right to exercise the Rights will  terminate and the only right
of the holders of Rights will be to receive the Redemption Price.

         The terms of the Rights may be amended by the Board without the consent
of the holders of the Rights, except that from and after such time as any person
or group of affiliated or associated persons becomes an Acquiring Person no such
amendment may adversely affect the interests of the holders of the Rights.

         Until a Right is exercised,  the holder thereof,  as such, will have no
rights as a shareholder of the Company, including, without limitation, the right
to vote or to receive dividends.

         A copy of the Rights  Agreement has been filed with the  Securities and
Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to a Form 8-A dated September 20, 1999. A copy
of the Rights  Agreement  is  available  free of charge from the  Company.  This
summary  description  of the  Rights  does not  purport  to be  complete  and is
qualified in its entirety by reference to the Rights Agreement,  which is hereby
incorporated herein by reference.






                 AMERICAN PHYSICIANS SERVICE GROUP, INC., (AMPH)

                               EXTENDS RIGHTS PLAN



         September 21, 1999 - American Physicians Service Group, Inc.
(NASDAQ/AMPH)  (the  "Company"),  announced  that  its  Board of  Directors  has
extended its shareholder  protection  rights plan designed to reduce the risk of
coercive  takeover  tactics and enhance the  potential  of all  shareholders  to
realize the long-term value of their investment in the Company.  The shareholder
rights plan provides that one Preferred Share purchase right will be distributed
as a dividend on each outstanding share of common stock held of record as of the
close of business on August 15, 1999. Ken Shifrin,  chairman and chief executive
officer,  stated,  "The  shareholders  rights plan is designed to strengthen the
ability  of the Board of  Directors  to  fulfill  its  fiduciary  duties to take
actions which are in the best interests of the shareholders."

         Each Preferred  Share purchase right entitles the registered  holder to
purchase from the Company, upon the occurrence of certain triggering events, one
one-thousandths  of a share  of the  Company's  Junior  Participating  Preferred
Stock,  Series  A,  par  value  $1.00  per  share,  at a  price  of $20  per one
one-thousandth of a Preferred Share, subject to adjustment.  Generally, each one
one-thousandth  of a Preferred  Share will have rights at least as  favorable as
one share of the Company's  common stock,  par value $.10. The rights to acquire
the  Preferred  Shares  will be  exercisable  upon the  earlier  of (a) a public
announcement  that a person or group of  affiliated  or  associated  persons has
acquired beneficial ownership of 20% or more of the outstanding common shares of
the Company or (b) the commencement of, or announcement of an intention to make,
a tender offer or exchange offer the  consummation  of which would result in the
beneficial  ownership  by a person  or  group of 20% or more of the  outstanding
common shares of the Company.

         APS is a management and financial services firm with  subsidiaries  and
affiliates which provide:  medical  malpractice  insurance services for doctors;
brokerage  and  investment   services  to   institutions   and  high  net  worth
individuals;  refractive  eye surgery;  lithotripsy  services in 34 states;  and
dedicated care facilities for Alzheimer's patients. The Company is headquartered
in Austin, Texas and maintains offices in Dallas and Houston.

         This press release,  particularly the statements by Mr. Shifrin,
includes  forward-looking  statements  related to the Company that involve risks
and uncertainties  that could cause actual results to differ  materially.  These
forward-looking  statements are made in reliance on the "safe harbor" provisions
of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. For further information
about these factors that could affect the Company's  future results,  please see
the  Company's  recent  filings with the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission.
Prospective  investors are cautioned  that  forward-looking  statements  are not
guarantees of future  performance.  Actual  results may differ  materially  from
management  expectations.  Copies of the filings are available upon request from
the Company's investor relations department.

For further information, visit APS' website at www.amph.com or contact:

Mr. Kenneth Shifrin, Chairman of the Board (or)
Mr. W. H. Hayes, Sr. Vice President - Finance
American Physicians Service Group, Inc.
1301 Capital of Texas Highway, C-300
Austin, Texas  78746
(512) 328-0888




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