NORTHWEST TELEPRODUCTIONS INC
8-A12G, 1998-09-04
MOTION PICTURE & VIDEO TAPE PRODUCTION
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                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             Washington, D.C. 20549

                                    FORM 8-A

                FOR REGISTRATION OF CERTAIN CLASSES OF SECURITIES
                     PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE
                         SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934


                         NORTHWEST TELEPRODUCTIONS, INC.
             (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

         Minnesota                                           41-0641789
(State of incorporation or organization)   (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

                              4000 West 76th Street
                          Minneapolis, Minnesota 55435
                (Address of principal executive offices/Zip Code)

If this Form relates to the  registration  of a class of securities  pursuant to
Section  12(b)  of  the  Exchange  Act  and is  effective  pursuant  to  General
Instruction A.(c), check the following box.

If this Form relates to the  registration  of a class of securities  pursuant to
Section  12(g)  of  the  Exchange  Act  and is  effective  pursuant  to  General
Instruction A.(d), check the following box.

Securities Act registration file number to which this form relates:
                          _____________ (if applicable)

Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

   Title Of Each Class                        Name Of Each Exchange On Which
   To Be So Registered                        Each Class Is To Be Registered

    None                                                   Not Applicable

Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

                         Preferred Stock Purchase Rights
                                (Title of Class)


<PAGE>


Item 1.  Description of Registrant's Securities to be Registered.

         On July 31, 1998, the Board of Directors of Northwest  Teleproductions,
Inc. (the  "Company")  declared a dividend of one preferred stock purchase right
(a "Right") for each outstanding share of common stock, par value $.01 per share
(the "Common Stock"), of the Company. The dividend is payable on August 14, 1998
(the  "Record  Date") to the  shareholders  of record on that  date.  Each Right
entitles the registered holder to purchase from the Company one one-hundredth of
a share of Series A Preferred  Stock,  par value $.01 per share (the  "Preferred
Stock"),  of the  Company  at a  price  of  $11.00  per one  one-hundredth  of a
Preferred Share (the "Exercise Price"),  subject to adjustment.  The description
and terms of the Rights are set forth in the Rights  Agreement  dated as of July
31,  1998 (the  "Rights  Agreement")  between the  Company  and  American  Stock
Transfer & Trust Company as Rights Agent (the "Rights Agent").

         Until the earlier of (i) 10 days following a public announcement by the
Company or a person or group of affiliated or associated  persons (an "Acquiring
Person") that such an Acquiring Person has acquired beneficial  ownership of 15%
or more of the outstanding  Common Stock or (ii) 10 business days (or such later
date as may be determined by action of the Board of Directors prior to such time
as any  person or group of  affiliated  persons  becomes  an  Acquiring  Person)
following the commencement of, or announcement of an intention to make, a tender
offer or exchange offer the consummation of which would result in the beneficial
ownership  by a person or group of 15% or more of the  outstanding  Common Stock
(the earlier of such dates being  called the  "Distribution  Date"),  the Rights
will  be  evidenced,  with  respect  to  any of the  Common  Stock  certificates
outstanding as of the Record Date, by such Common Stock  certificate with a copy
of this Summary of Rights attached thereto.

         The Rights Agreement  provides that,  until the  Distribution  Date (or
earlier redemption or expiration of the Rights), the Rights will be transferable
with and only with the Common  Stock.  Until the  Distribution  Date (or earlier
redemption or expiration of the Rights),  new Common Stock  certificates  issued
after the Record Date upon  transfer or new  issuance of shares of Common  Stock
will contain a notation  incorporating the Rights Agreement by reference.  Until
the Distribution Date (or earlier  redemption or expiration of the Rights),  the
surrender  for  transfer  of  any   certificates  for  shares  of  Common  Stock
outstanding as of the Record Date,  even without such notation or a copy of this
Summary of Rights being attached  thereto,  will also constitute the transfer of
the  Rights  associated  with the  shares of Common  Stock  represented  by such
certificate.  As soon as practicable  following the Distribution Date,  separate
certificates  evidencing  the Rights  ("Right  Certificates")  will be mailed to
holders  of  record  of the  Common  Stock as of the  close of  business  on the
Distribution Date and such separate Right  Certificates  alone will evidence the
Rights.

         The Rights are not exercisable until the Distribution  Date. The Rights
will  expire on July 31, 2008 (the "Final  Expiration  Date"),  unless the Final
Expiration  Date is extended  or unless the Rights are  earlier  redeemed by the
Company, as described below.

         The Exercise  Price  payable,  and/or the number of shares of Preferred
Stock or other securities or property issuable,  upon exercise of the Rights are
subject to adjustment from time to time to prevent  dilution (i) in the event of
a stock dividend on, or a subdivision,  combination or  reclassification  of, or
certain  distributions  on, the Common  Stock,  (ii) the  issuance to holders of
Preferred  Stock of certain  rights or  warrants  to  subscribe  for or purchase
Preferred Stock at a price, or securities  convertible into Preferred Stock with
a conversion  price,  less than less than the then  current  market price of the
Preferred Stock or (iii) upon the distribution to holders of the Preferred Stock
of  evidences  of  indebtedness  or assets  (other than  regular  periodic  cash
dividends) or of subscription rights or warrants.

         Preferred  Stock  purchasable  upon  exercise of the Rights will not be
redeemable.  Each  share  of  Preferred  Stock  will be  entitled  to a  minimum
preferential  quarterly dividend payment of $1 per share but will be entitled to
an  aggregate  dividend of 100 times the  dividend  declared per share of Common
Stock. In the event of  liquidation,  the holders of the Preferred Stock will be
entitled  to a minimum  preferential  liquidation  payment of $100 per share but
will be entitled to an aggregate payment of 100 times the payment made per share
of Common  Stock.  Each share of  Preferred  Stock  will have 100 votes,  voting
together  with  the  Common  Stock.   Finally,  in  the  event  of  any  merger,
consolidation  or other  transaction  in which Common Stock is  exchanged,  each
share of  Preferred  Stock  will be  entitled  to  receive  100 times the amount
received  per share of Common  Stock.  These  rights are  protected by customary
anti-dilution provisions.

         Because of the nature of the Preferred  Stock's  dividend,  liquidation
and voting rights,  the value of the one  one-hundredth  of a share of Preferred
Stock  purchasable  upon exercise of each Right should  approximate the value of
one share of Common Stock.

         In the event  that any  person  or group of  affiliated  or  associated
persons becomes an Acquiring Person, proper provision shall be made so that each
holder of a Right, other than Rights  beneficially owned by the Acquiring Person
(which will thereafter be void),  will thereafter have the right to receive upon
exercise  that number of shares of Preferred  Stock having a market value of two
(2) times the Exercise Price of the Right. In the event that,  after a person or
group has become an  Acquiring  Person,  the  Company is acquired in a merger or
other  business  combination  transaction  or fifty percent (50%) or more of its
consolidated  assets or earning power are sold, proper provision will be made so
that  each  registered  holder  of a Right  will  thereafter  have the  right to
receive,  upon the exercise  thereof at the then current  Exercise  Price of the
Right,  that number of shares of common stock of the acquiring  company which at
the time of such  transaction  will  have a market  value of two (2)  times  the
Exercise Price of the Right.

         At any time after any person or group  becomes an Acquiring  Person and
prior to the  acquisition by such person or group of fifty percent (50%) or more
of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, the Board of Directors of the Company
may exchange  the Rights  (except the Rights owned by such person or group which
will have become void), in whole or in part, with each Right to be exchanged for
the  number of shares of Common  Stock as shall  equal the  result  obtained  by
dividing the then current  Exercise Price by the then market value of a share of
Common Stock.  This exchange  ratio is subject to further  adjustment to reflect
any stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions  occurring thereafter.
If there are  insufficient  shares of Common  Stock  authorized  but unissued to
permit the Company to complete  any  exchange  of the Rights,  the Company  may,
under  certain  circumstances,  substitute  for each share of Common  Stock that
would otherwise be issued upon such exchange of the Rights,  shares of Preferred
Stock with market  value equal to the market value of the shares of Common Stock
that would otherwise be issuable upon such exchange of the Rights.

         No  fractional  shares of  Preferred  Stock will be issued  (other than
fractions  which  are  integral  multiples  of one  one-hundredth  of a share of
Preferred  Stock or, if a Right shall then be  exercisable  for a fraction other
than one one-hundredth of a share, integral multiples of that fraction, which in
either case may, at the  election of the Company,  be  evidenced  by  depositary
receipts) and in lieu  thereof,  an adjustment in cash will be made based on the
fair market value of the shares of Preferred Stock on the date of exercise.

         At any time prior to ten days  (subject  to  extension  by the Board of
Directors of the Company)  after the time an Acquiring  Person becomes such, the
Board of Directors  may redeem the Rights in whole,  but not in part, at a price
of $.001 per Right,  subject to adjustment for stock splits,  stock dividends or
similar transactions, (the "Redemption Price"). The redemption of the Rights may
be made  effective at such time,  on such basis and with such  conditions as the
Board of Directors in its sole  discretion may establish.  The right to exercise
the Rights will terminate immediately upon any redemption of the Rights, and the
only right of the holders of Rights will be to receive the Redemption Price.

         The terms of the Rights may be amended by the Board of Directors of the
Company without the consent of the holders of the Rights.

         Until a Right is exercised,  the holder thereof,  as such, will have no
rights as a stockholder of the Company, including, without limitation, the right
to vote or to receive dividends.

         The foregoing description of the Rights does not purport to be complete
and is  qualified  in its  entirety by  reference  to the Rights  Agreement  and
related exhibits to this Form 8-A, which are incorporated herein by reference.



<PAGE>


Item 2.  Exhibits.

    Exhibit No.       Description

         1        Rights  Agreement dated as of July 31, 1998 between  Northwest
                  Teleproductions,  Inc.  and  American  Stock  Transfer & Trust
                  Company as Rights Agent,  together with the following exhibits
                  thereto:

                  (A)      Certificate  of  Designation  of  Series A  Preferred
                           Stock of Northwest Teleproductions, Inc.

                  (B)      Summary  of  Rights  to  Purchase  Shares of Series A
                           Preferred  Stock which,  together  with  certificates
                           representing   the   outstanding   Common   Stock  of
                           Northwest Teleproductions,  Inc., shall represent the
                           Rights prior to the Distribution Date

                  (C)      Form of Right  Certificate  (pursuant  to the  Rights
                           Agreement,  Right  Certificates will not be delivered
                           until as soon as practicable  after the  Distribution
                           Date)


                                    SIGNATURE


         Pursuant to the  requirements of Section 12 of the Securities  Exchange
Act of 1934, the registrant  has duly caused this  registration  statement to be
signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


                                    NORTHWEST TELEPRODUCTIONS, INC.


August 14, 1998                     By:      /s/ Phillip A. Staden
                                        Phillip A. Staden
                                        President and Chief Executive Officer









<PAGE>


                         NORTHWEST TELEPRODUCTIONS, INC.
                                    FORM 8-A

                                  Exhibit Index



   Exhibit No.       Description

         1        Rights  Agreement dated as of July 31, 1998 between  Northwest
                  Teleproductions,  Inc.  and  American  Stock  Transfer & Trust
                  Company as Rights Agent,  together with the following exhibits
                  thereto:

                  (A)      Certificate  of  Designation  of  Series A  Preferred
                           Stock of Northwest Teleproductions, Inc.

                  (B)      Summary  of  Rights  to  Purchase  Shares of Series A
                           Preferred  Stock which,  together  with  certificates
                           representing   the   outstanding   Common   Stock  of
                           Northwest Teleproductions,  Inc., shall represent the
                           Rights prior to the Distribution Date

                  (C)      Form of Right  Certificate  (pursuant  to the  Rights
                           Agreement,  Right  Certificates will not be delivered
                           until as soon as practicable  after the  Distribution
                           Date)










                                    EXHIBIT 1

                         NORTHWEST TELEPRODUCTIONS, INC.
                                       and
                     AMERICAN STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY
                                 as Rights Agent



                                Rights Agreement


                            Dated as of July 31, 1998





<PAGE>




                                RIGHTS AGREEMENT

         This  Agreement,  dated as of July 31, 1998,  by and between  NORTHWEST
TELEPRODUCTIONS,  INC., a Minnesota  corporation  ("the Company"),  and AMERICAN
STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY (the "Rights Agent"),

                                   WITNESSETH:

         WHEREAS,  on July 31, 1998,  the Board of Directors of the Company (the
"Board")  authorized  the issuance  of, and declared a dividend  payable in, one
right (a "Right") for each share of Common Stock,  $.01 par value per share,  of
the  Company  outstanding  as of the close of  business  on August 14, 1998 (the
"Record  Date"),  each  such  Right  representing  the  right  to  purchase  one
one-hundredth  (1/100)  of a share of Series A  Preferred  Stock of the  Company
("Preferred  Stock")  authorized  by the Board of  Directors of the Company (the
"Board")  on July 31,  1998,  upon  the  terms  and  subject  to the  conditions
hereinafter set forth; and

         WHEREAS,  the  Board  further  authorized  the  issuance  of one  Right
(subject to adjustment)  with respect to each share of Common Stock which may be
issued between the Record Date and the earlier to occur of the  Expiration  Date
or the Final Expiration Date (as such terms are hereinafter defined);

         NOW,  THEREFORE,  in  consideration  of the  premises  and  the  mutual
agreements herein set forth, the parties hereby agree as follows:

         Section 1. Certain  Definitions.  For purposes of this  Agreement,  the
following terms shall have the meanings indicated:

         (a)  "Acquiring  Person"  shall  mean  any  Person  (as  such  term  is
hereinafter  defined) who or which,  together with all Affiliates and Associates
(as such terms are hereinafter  defined) of such Person, shall be the Beneficial
Owner  (as such term is  hereinafter  defined)  of 15% or more of the  shares of
Voting  Stock  (as  such  term  is  hereinafter  defined)  of the  Company  then
outstanding; provided, that, an Acquiring Person shall not include an (i) Exempt
Person (as such term is hereinafter defined), or (ii) any Person,  together with
all Affiliates and Associates of such Person, who or which would be an Acquiring
Person  solely by reason of (A) being the  Beneficial  Owner of shares of Voting
Stock of the  Company,  the  Beneficial  Ownership of which was acquired by such
Person  pursuant to any action or  transaction  or series of related  actions or
transactions  approved by a majority  of the  Continuing  Directors  before such
Person  otherwise became an Acquiring Person or (B) a reduction in the number of
issued and  outstanding  shares of Voting  Stock of the  Company  pursuant  to a
transaction  or a series of related  transactions  approved by a majority of the
Continuing  Directors,  or (iii)  any  Person  who or which,  together  with all
Affiliates and Associates of such Person, was (based upon such Person's Schedule
13D or Schedule 13G filings under the Exchange Act) the Beneficial  Owner of 15%
or more of the shares of Voting  Stock of the Company as of the date this Rights
Agreement was first  adopted by the Board where such  Person's  status as a more
than 15% Beneficial Owner of Voting Stock of the Company was expressly  approved
by the Board at the time this Rights  Agreement  was first adopted by the Board;

<PAGE>

provided,  further, that, in the event that such Person described in clause (ii)
does not become an Acquiring  Person by reason of  subclause  (A) or (B) of this
clause (ii),  such Person  nonetheless  shall become an Acquiring  Person in the
event such Person thereafter acquires  Beneficial  Ownership of an additional 1%
of the Voting Stock of the Company,  unless the  acquisition of such  additional
Voting  Stock would not result in such person  becoming an  Acquiring  Person by
reason of subclause (A) or (B) of this clause (ii); provided, further, that such
Person described in clause (iii) shall nonetheless become an Acquiring Person in
the event such Person thereafter acquires Beneficial  Ownership of an additional
1% of the Voting Stock of the Company unless such acquisition is pursuant to any
action or transaction or series of related actions or transactions approved by a
majority of the Continuing  Directors.  Notwithstanding  the  foregoing,  if the
Board determines in good faith (but only if at the time of such determination by
the Board there are then in office not less than two  Continuing  Directors  and
such  action is  approved  by a majority  of the  Continuing  Directors  then in
office) that a Person who would  otherwise be an  "Acquiring  Person" as defined
pursuant  to the  foregoing  provisions  of this  paragraph  (a) has become such
inadvertently,  and such Person  divests as promptly as practicable a sufficient
number  of shares of  Common  Stock so that  such  Person  would no longer be an
"Acquiring  Person" as defined  pursuant  to the  foregoing  provisions  of this
paragraph  (a), then such Person shall not be deemed an  "Acquiring  Person" for
any purposes of this Rights Agreement.

         (b)  "Affiliate" and  "Associate"  shall have the meanings  ascribed to
such  terms  in Rule  12b-2 of the  General  Rules  and  Regulations  under  the
Securities  Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange  Act"), as in effect
on the date of this Rights Agreement.

         (c)  A  Person   shall  be  deemed  the   "Beneficial   Owner"  of,  to
"Beneficially Own," or to have "Beneficial Ownership" of, any securities:

                  (i) which such Person or any of such  Person's  Affiliates  or
         Associates  beneficially owns, directly or indirectly,  for purposes of
         Section  13(d)  of  the  Exchange  Act  and  Regulations  13D  and  13G
         thereunder as in effect on the date of this Rights Agreement; or

                  (ii) which such Person or any of such  Person's  Affiliates or
         Associates  has (A)  the  right  to  acquire  (whether  such  right  is
         exercisable  immediately  or  only  after  the  passage  of time or the
         fulfillment  of  a  condition  or  both)  pursuant  to  any  agreement,
         arrangement or understanding  (other than customary agreements with and
         between  underwriters  and selling group members with respect to a bona
         fide public offering of securities), or upon the exercise of conversion
         rights,  exchange  rights,  other  rights  (other  than these  Rights),
         warrants or options,  or otherwise;  provided,  however,  that a Person
         shall not be deemed the  Beneficial  Owner of, or to  Beneficially  Own
         securities tendered pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made by such
         Person or any of such  Person's  Affiliates  or  Associates  until such
         tendered  securities  are  accepted for purchase or exchange or (B) the
         right to  vote,  alone  or in  concert  with  others,  pursuant  to any
         agreement,  arrangement or  understanding  (whether or not in writing);
         provided,  however,  that a Person  shall not be deemed the  Beneficial

<PAGE>

         Owner of, or to  Beneficially  Own, any  securities  if the  agreement,
         arrangement  or  understanding  to vote such security (1) arises solely
         from a revocable  proxy or consent  given in response to a public proxy
         or consent  solicitation  made pursuant to, and in accordance with, the
         applicable rules and regulations  under the Exchange Act and (2) is not
         then  reportable  by such Person on Schedule 13D under the Exchange Act
         (or any comparable or successor report) as being  beneficially owned by
         such Person; or

                  (iii) which are Beneficially Owned, directly or indirectly, by
         any  other  Person  with  which  such  Person  or any of such  Person's
         Affiliates   or   Associates   has  any   agreement,   arrangement   or
         understanding   (other  than  customary  agreements  with  and  between
         underwriters  and selling  group  members  with  respect to a bona fide
         public  offering of  securities),  whether or not in  writing,  for the
         purpose of  acquiring,  holding,  and voting  (except as  described  in
         clause (B) of subparagraph  (ii) of this paragraph (c)) or disposing of
         any securities of the Company; provided,  however, that for purposes of
         determining  Beneficial  Ownership  of  securities  under  this  Rights
         Agreement,  officers and directors of the Company,  solely by reason of
         their status as such,  shall not  constitute  a group  (notwithstanding
         that  they  may be  Associates  of one  another  or  may bc  deemed  to
         constitute a group for purposes of Section  13(d) of the Exchange  Act)
         and shall  not be deemed to own  shares  owned by  another  officer  or
         director of the Company.

         Notwithstanding  anything in this  paragraph (c) to the  contrary,  the
phrase "then  outstanding,"  when used with  reference to a Person's  Beneficial
Ownership of securities of the Company, shall mean the number of such securities
then issued and outstanding together with the number of such securities not then
actually  issued  and   outstanding   which  such  Person  would  be  deemed  to
Beneficially Own under this Rights Agreement. Further,  notwithstanding anything
in this  paragraph  (c) to the  contrary,  a Person  engaged in the  business of
underwriting  securities  shall  not  be  deemed  be  Beneficial  Owner  of,  to
Beneficially Own, or to have Beneficial Ownership of, any securities acquired in
good faith in a firm commitment  underwriting until the expiration of forty days
after the date of such acquisition.

         (d) "Business Day" shall mean any day other than a Saturday, Sunday, or
a day on which banking  institutions in the State of Minnesota are authorized or
obligated by law or executive order to close.

         (e)  "Close  of  Business"  on any given  date  shall  mean 5:00  P.M.,
Minneapolis time, on such date;  provided,  however,  that if such date is not a
Business Day it shall mean 5:00 P.M.,  Minneapolis  time, on the next succeeding
Business day.

         (f) "Common  Stock" when used with  reference to the Company shall mean
the common stock,  par value $.01 per share of the Company.  "Common Stock" when
used  with  reference  to any  Person  other  than the  Company  which  shall be
organized  in  corporate  form  shall  mean the  capital  stock or other  equity

<PAGE>

security with the greatest per share voting power of such Person. "Common Stock"
when used with reference to any Person other than the Company which shall not be
organized in corporate form shall mean units of beneficial  interest which shall
represent the right to participate in profits, losses, deductions and credits of
such Person and which shall be entitled to exercise  the  greatest  voting power
per unit of such Person.

         (g)  "Continuing  Director"  shall mean any member of the Board,  while
such  person is a member of the Board,  who is not an  Acquiring  Person,  or an
Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person, or a representative or nominee of
an  Acquiring  Person or of any such  Affiliate or  Associate,  but only if such
member either (i) was a member of the Board when this Rights Agreement was first
adopted  by the Board or (ii)  subsequently  became a member of the Board  where
such  subsequent  member's  nomination for election or election to the Board was
recommended  or approved by a majority of the  Continuing  Directors then on the
Board.

         (h)  "Distribution  Date"  shall have the  meaning set forth in Section
3(a) hereof.

         (i)  "Exchange  Act" shall have the meaning  set forth in Section  1(b)
hereof.

         (j) "Exempt Person" shall mean (i) the Company,  (ii) any Subsidiary of
the Company or (iii) any  employee  benefit  plan or employee  stock plan of the
Company  or any  Subsidiary  of  the  Company,  or any  trust  or  other  entity
organized, appointed, established or holding Common Stock for or pursuant to the
terms of any such plan.

         (k) "Exercise Price" shall have the meaning set forth in Sections 4 and
7(b) hereof.

         (l) "Expiration  Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(a)
hereof.

         (m) "Fair Market  Value" of any security or other  property  shall mean
the fair market value of such property as determined in accordance  with Section
11(d) hereof.

         (n) "Final Expiration Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
7(a) hereof.

         (o) "Person"  shall mean any  individual,  firm,  corporation  or other
entity, and shall include any successor (by merger or otherwise) of such entity.

         (p) "Principal Party" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 13(b)
hereof.

         (q)  "Preferred  Stock" shall mean shares of Series A Preferred  Stock,
par value $.01 per share, of the Company,  having the rights and preferences set
forth in Exhibit A hereto.

         (r) "Qualifying Tender Offer" shall mean a tender or exchange offer for
all outstanding  shares of Common Stock of the Company approved by a majority of
the Board  (provided  that at the time of such  approval  of the Board there are
then in office not less than two Continuing Directors and such offer is approved
by a majority of the  Continuing  Directors  then in office),  after taking into
account the potential  long-term value of the Company and all other factors that
they consider relevant.


<PAGE>

         (s)  "Redemption  Price"  shall have the  meaning  set forth in Section
23(a) hereof.

         (t) "Right  Certificate"  shall have the  meaning  set forth in Section
3(d) hereof.

         (u) "Stock  Acquisition  Date" shall mean the first date on which there
shall be a public  announcement  by the Company or an  Acquiring  Person that an
Acquiring Person has become such (which, for purposes of this definition,  shall
include,  without  limitation,  a report filed  pursuant to Section 13(d) of the
Exchange  Act) or such  earlier date as a majority of the  Continuing  Directors
shall become aware of the existence of an Acquiring Person.

         (v) "Subsidiary" of a Person shall mean any corporation or other entity
of which securities or other ownership  interests having voting power sufficient
to elect a  majority  of the  board of  directors  or other  persons  performing
similar functions are Beneficially Owned, directly or indirectly, by such Person
or by any  corporation  or other  entity that is  otherwise  controlled  by such
Person.

         (w)  "Summary  of Rights"  shall have the  meaning set forth in Section
3(b) hereof.

         (x)  "Trading  Day" shall have the meaning  set forth in Section  11(d)
hereof.

         (y) "Voting  Stock"  shall mean (i) the Common Stock of the Company and
(ii) any other shares of capital stock of the Company entitled to vote generally
in the election of directors or entitled to vote  together with the Common Stock
in respect of any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of the
Company's assets, liquidation, dissolution or winding up.

         Any  determination  required  to be made by the Board for  purposes  of
applying the definitions contained in this Section 1 shall be made in good faith
by a majority of the Continuing Directors,  or, if there are none, by the Board,
which  determination shall be binding on the Rights Agent and the holders of the
Rights.

         Section 2. Appointment of Rights Agent. The Company hereby appoints the
Rights  Agent to act as agent for the  Company and the holders of Rights (who in
accordance with Section 3 hereof, shall, prior to the Distribution Date, also be
the holders of Common Stock) in accordance with the terms and conditions hereof,
and the Rights Agent hereby accepts such appointment.  The Company may from time
to time appoint such Co-Rights Agents as it may deem necessary or desirable.

         Section 3.        Issuance of Right Certificates.

         (a) Until the earlier of (i) the tenth day after the Stock  Acquisition
Date or (ii) the tenth  Business Day (or such later date as may be determined by
action of the  Board,  but only if at the time of such  determination  there are
then in  office  not less  than two  Continuing  Directors  and such  action  is
approved by a majority of the Continuing Directors then in office, prior to such
time  as  any  Person  becomes  an  Acquiring  Person)  after  the  date  of the
commencement by any Person (other than an Exempt Person) of, or the first public

<PAGE>

announcement  of the  intent of any  Person  (other  than an Exempt  Person)  to
commence,  a tender or exchange offer upon the successful  consummation of which
such Person,  together  with its  Affiliates  and  Associates,  would become the
Beneficial Owner of 15% or more of the then  outstanding  shares of Voting Stock
of the  Company  (irrespective  of whether  any shares  are  actually  purchased
pursuant to any such offer) (the earlier of such dates being herein  referred to
as  the  "Distribution  Date"),  (i)  the  Rights  shall  be  evidenced  by  the
certificates  for Common  Stock  registered  in the name of the holders  thereof
(together with, in the case of certificates  for Common Stock  outstanding as of
the Record Date, the Summary of Rights) and not by separate  Right  certificates
(and the record  holders of such  certificates  for  Common  Stock  shall be the
record holders of the Rights represented thereby), and (ii) the right to receive
Right Certificate shall be transferable  only  simultaneously  and together with
the transfer of a share of Common Stock  (subject to adjustment  as  hereinafter
provided).  Until the Distribution Date (or, if earlier,  the Expiration Date or
Final Expiration Date), the surrender for transfer of any certificate for Common
Stock  shall  constitute  the  surrender  for  transfer  of the  Right or Rights
associated with the Common Stock evidenced  thereby,  whether or not accompanied
by a copy of the Summary of Rights.

         (b) On the  Record  Date,  or as soon as  practicable  thereafter,  the
Company shall send a copy of a Summary of Rights to Purchase  Shares of Series A
Preferred  Stock,  in  substantially  the form of Exhibit B attached hereto (the
"Summary  of  Rights"),  by first class mail,  postage  prepaid,  to each record
holder of the Common  Stock as of the close of business on the Record  Date,  at
the address of such holder shown on the records of the Company.

         (c) Rights  shall be issued in  respect  of all shares of Common  Stock
that  become  outstanding  after the Record Date but prior to the earlier of the
Distribution   Date,  the  Expiration  Date  or  the  Final   Expiration   Date.
Certificates   for  Common  Stock   issued   (including,   without   limitation,
certificates  issued  upon  original  issuance,  transfer  or exchange of Common
Stock) after the Record Date but prior to the earliest of the Distribution Date,
the Expiration Date, or the Final Expiration Date shall have impressed, printed,
written or stamped thereon or otherwise affixed thereto the following legend:

                  This certificate also evidences and entitles the holder hereof
         to the same number of Rights  (subject to  adjustment) as the number of
         shares of Common Stock  represented  by this  certificate,  such Rights
         being on the terms provided in the Rights Agreement  between  NORTHWEST
         TELEPRODUCTIONS,  INC. and  AMERICAN  STOCK  TRANSFER & TRUST  COMPANY,
         dated as of July 31, 1998,  as it may be amended from time to time (the
         "Rights  Agreement"),  the  terms of which are  incorporated  herein by
         reference  and a copy of  which is on file at the  principal  executive
         offices of NORTHWEST TELEPRODUCTIONS, INC. Under certain circumstances,
         as set forth in the Rights Agreement, such Rights shall be evidenced by
         separate  certificates  and  shall  no  longer  be  evidenced  by  this
         certificate.   NORTHWEST  TELEPRODUCTIONS,   INC.  shall  mail  to  the
         registered  holder of this  certificate a copy of the Rights  Agreement
         without  charge  after  receipt of a written  request  therefor.  Under
         certain  circumstances  as  provided  in  Section  7(e)  of the  Rights
         Agreement,  Rights issued to or Beneficially Owned by Acquiring Persons
         or their  Affiliates  or  Associates  (as such terms are defined in the
         Rights Agreement) or any subsequent holder of such Rights shall be null
         and void and may not be transferred to any Person.
<PAGE>

         (d) As soon as  practicable  after the  Distribution  Date, the Company
will prepare and execute,  the Rights  Agent will  countersign,  and the Company
will send or cause to be sent and the Rights Agent will, if  requested,  send by
first class mail, postage prepaid,  to each record holder of the Common Stock as
of the close of business on the  Distribution  Date,  as shown by the records of
the Company,  at the address of such holder shown on such records, a certificate
in the form provided by Section 4 hereof (a "Right Certificate"), evidencing one
Right (subject to adjustment as provided  herein) for each share of Common Stock
so held. As of and after the  Distribution  Date,  the Rights shall be evidenced
solely by Right Certificates and may be transferred by the transfer of the Right
Certificate as permitted  hereby,  separately and apart from any transfer of one
or more shares of Common Stock.

         Section 4. Form of Right  Certificates.  The Right Certificates and the
forms of  election  to  purchase  and  assignment  to be printed on the  reverse
thereof,  shall be  substantially  in the form set forth in Exhibit C hereto and
may have such marks of identification or designation and such legends, summaries
or endorsements  printed thereon as the Company may deem appropriate,  or as may
be required to comply with any applicable law, rule, or regulation made pursuant
thereto or with any rule or regulation of any stock exchange on which the Common
Stock or the  Rights  may from  time to time be listed  or  conform  to usage or
otherwise  and as are not  inconsistent  with  the  provisions  of  this  Rights
Agreement.   Subject  to  the  provisions  of  Section  22  hereof,   the  Right
Certificates  evidencing  Rights whenever  issued,  (i) shall be dated as of the
date of  issuance  of the  Rights  they  represent;  (ii)  shall be  subject  to
adjustment from time to time as provided  herein;  and (iii) on their face shall
entitle  the  holders  thereof  to  purchase  such  number of shares  (including
fractional shares which are integral  multiples of one one-hundredth of a share)
of  Preferred  Stock as shall be set forth  therein  at the price  payable  upon
exercise of a Right provided by Section 7(b) hereof as the same may from time to
time be adjusted as provided herein (the "Exercise Price").

         Section 5.        Countersignature and Registration.

         (a) Each Right  Certificate  shall be executed on behalf of the Company
by its  Chairman,  Chief  Executive  Officer,  President or any Vice  President,
either manually or by facsimile  signature,  and attested by the Chief Financial
Officer, the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company, either manually
or by facsimile signature.  Each Right Certificate shall be countersigned by the
Rights Agent either  manually or by facsimile  signature  and shall not be valid
for any  purpose  unless so  countersigned.  If any  officer of the  Company who
signed any Right  Certificate  ceases to be such  officer of the Company  before
countersignature   by  the  Rights  Agent  and  issuance  and  delivery  of  the
certificate  by  the  Company,  such  Right  Certificate,  nevertheless,  may be
countersigned  by the Rights Agent and issued and delivered  with the same force
and  effect as though the person  who  signed  such Right  Certificates  had not
ceased to be such officer of the Company. Any Right Certificate may be signed on
behalf of the Company by any person who,  on the date of the  execution  of such
Right  Certificate,  shall be a proper officer of the Company to sign such Right
Certificate,  although at the date of the execution of this Rights Agreement any
such person was not such an officer.


<PAGE>

         (b)  Following  the  Distribution  Date,  the Rights Agent will keep or
cause  to be  kept,  at  an  office  designated  for  such  purpose,  books  for
registration and transfer of the Right Certificates issued hereunder. Such books
shall  show the names  and  addresses  of the  respective  holders  of the Right
Certificates,  the number of Rights  evidenced  on its face by each of the Right
Certificates and the date of each of the Right Certificates.

         Section  6.  Transfer,  Split Up,  Combination  and  Exchange  of Right
Certificates; Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Right Certificates.

         (a) Subject to the provisions of Sections 7(e), 7(f) and 14 hereof,  at
any time after the Close of Business on the  Distribution  Date, and at or prior
to the Close of  Business  on the  earlier of the  Expiration  Date or the Final
Expiration Date, any Right Certificate may be transferred, or split up, combined
or exchanged for one or more other Right Certificates,  entitling the registered
holder to  purchase  a like  number of  shares of  Preferred  Stock as the Right
Certificate  or Right  Certificates  surrendered  then  entitled  such holder to
purchase. Any registered holder desiring to transfer any Right Certificate shall
surrender the Right Certificate at the office of the Rights Agent designated for
that purpose with the form of  certificate  and  assignment  on the reverse side
thereof  duly  endorsed  (or  enclosed  with such  Right  Certificate  a written
instrument  of  transfer  in a form  satisfactory  to the Company and the Rights
Agent),  duly  executed by the  registered  holder  thereof or his attorney duly
authorized in writing,  and with such signature duly guaranteed.  Any registered
holder  desiring to split up,  combine or exchange any Right  Certificate  shall
make such request in writing  delivered to the Rights Agent, and shall surrender
the Right Certificate to be split up, combined or exchanged at the office of the
Rights Agent designated therefor.  Thereupon, the Rights Agent shall countersign
and  deliver  to the  person  entitled  thereto  a Right  Certificate  or  Right
Certificates,  as the case may be, as so  requested.  The  Company  may  require
payment of a sum  sufficient  to cover any  transfer  tax that may be imposed in
connection  with any transfer,  split up,  combination  or exchange of any Right
Certificates.

         (b) Subject to the  provisions  of Sections  7(e),  7(f) and 14 hereof,
upon  receipt  by the  Company  and the  Rights  Agent  of  evidence  reasonably
satisfactory  to them of the loss,  theft,  destruction or mutilation of a Right
Certificate,  and,  in case of  loss,  theft or  destruction,  of  indemnity  or
security  reasonably  satisfactory  to them and, if  requested  by the  Company,
reimbursement  to the Company and the Rights  Agent of all  reasonable  expenses
incidental  thereto,  or upon surrender to the Rights Agent and  cancellation of
the Right  Certificate  if mutilated,  the Company shall issue and deliver a new
Right  Certificate  of like  tenor  to the  Rights  Agent  for  delivery  to the
registered owner in lieu of the Right Certificate so lost, stolen,  destroyed or
mutilated.

         Section 7.  Exercise  of Rights:  Exercise  Price:  Expiration  Date of
Rights.

         (a) The  Rights  shall  not be  exercisable  until,  and  shall  become
exercisable  on,  the  Distribution  Date  (unless  otherwise  provided  herein,
including,  without limitation,  the restrictions on exercisability set forth in
Sections 7(e) and 23(a) hereof). Except as otherwise provided herein, the Rights
may be  exercised,  in  whole  or in  part,  at any  time  commencing  with  the
Distribution  Date upon  surrender  of the Right  Certificate,  with the form of

<PAGE>

election to  purchase  and the  certificate  on the reverse  side  thereof  duly
executed (with signatures duly guaranteed), to the Rights Agent at the principal
office of the Rights Agent in New York,  New York,  together with payment of the
Exercise Price with respect to the total number of one one-hundredths (1/100) of
a share (or other  securities,  cash or other assets,  as the case may be) as to
which such  surrendered  Rights are then  exercisable,  subject to adjustment as
hereinafter provided, at or prior to the Close of Business on the earlier of (i)
July 31, 2008 (the "Final Expiration Date") or (ii) the date on which the Rights
are redeemed as provided in Section 23 hereof (such earlier date herein referred
to as the "Expiration Date").

         (b) The Exercise Price for each one one-hundredth (1/100) of a share of
Preferred  Stock  pursuant to the exercise of a Right shall  initially be Eleven
Dollars ($11.00). The Exercise Price and the number of shares of Preferred Stock
or other  securities to be acquired upon exercise of a Right shall be subject to
adjustment  from time to time as provided in Sections 11 and 13 hereof and shall
be payable in accordance with paragraph (c) below.

         (c)  Except as  otherwise  provided  herein,  upon  receipt  of a Right
Certificate with the form of election to purchase duly executed,  accompanied by
payment by certified check,  cashier's check,  bank draft or money order payable
to the Company or the Rights  Agent of the  Exercise  Price for the shares to be
purchased and an amount equal to any applicable transfer tax required to be paid
by the holder of the Right  Certificate in accordance  with Section 9(e) hereof,
the Rights  Agent shall  thereupon  promptly (i)  requisition  from any transfer
agent  of  the  Preferred  Stock  of  the  Company  one  or  more   certificates
representing the number of shares of Preferred Stock to be so purchased, and the
Company  hereby  authorizes  and directs such transfer  agent to comply with all
such  requests;  (ii) as  provided  in Section  14(b),  at the  election  of the
Company,  cause depository receipts to be issued in lieu of fractional shares of
Preferred Stock; (iii) if the election provided for in the immediately preceding
clause (ii) has not been made,  requisition  from the Company the amount of cash
to be paid in lieu of the  issuance  of  fractional  shares in  accordance  with
Section 14(b) hereof;  (iv) after receipt of such Preferred Stock  certificates,
and if  applicable,  depository  receipts,  cause the same to be delivered to or
upon the order of the registered holder of such Right Certificate, registered in
such  name  or  names  as may  be  designated  by  such  holder;  and  (v)  when
appropriate,  after receipt,  promptly deliver such cash to or upon the order of
the registered holder of such Right Certificate;  provided, however, that in the
case of a purchase  of  securities,  other than  Preferred  Stock,  pursuant  to
Section 13 hereof, the Rights Agent shall promptly take the appropriate  actions
corresponding  in such case to that  referred  to in the  foregoing  clauses (i)
through (v) of this Section 7(c).  Notwithstanding  the foregoing  provisions of
this Section  7(c),  the Company may suspend the issuance of shares of Preferred
Stock upon exercise of a Right for a reasonable  period, not in excess of ninety
(90) days,  during which time the Company seeks to register under the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended (the "Act"),  and any  applicable  securities law of any
other  jurisdiction,  the shares of Preferred Stock to be issued pursuant to the
Rights;  provided,  however,  that nothing  contained in this Section 7(c) shall
relieve the Company of its obligations under Section 9(c) hereof.


<PAGE>

         (d) In case  the  registered  holder  of any  Right  Certificate  shall
exercise less than all the Rights  evidenced  thereby,  a new Right  Certificate
evidencing Rights equivalent to the remaining unexercised Rights shall be issued
by the Rights Agent to the  registered  holder of such Right  Certificate or his
assign, subject to the provisions of Section 14(b) hereof.

         (e)  Notwithstanding  any  provision  of this Rights  Agreement  to the
contrary,  from and after the first  occurrence of an event described in Section
11(a)(ii) herein,  any Rights  Beneficially Owned by (i) an Acquiring Person, or
any  Associate or Affiliate of such  Acquiring  Person,  which a majority of the
Continuing Directors, in their sole discretion, determines is or was involved in
or caused or facilitated,  directly or indirectly  (including through any change
in the Board), such event, (ii) a transferee of any Rights Beneficially Owned by
such  Acquiring  Person (or of any such  Associate or  Affiliate)  who becomes a
transferee  after such  Acquiring  Person becomes such, or (iii) a transferee of
any Rights Beneficially owned by such Acquiring Person (or any such Associate or
Affiliate) who becomes a transferee prior to or concurrently with such Acquiring
Person  becoming such and receives such Rights pursuant to either (A) a transfer
(whether  or not for  consideration)  from such  Acquiring  Person to holders of
equity  interests  in such  Acquiring  Person  or to any  Person  with whom such
Acquiring  Person has any continuing  agreement,  arrangement  or  understanding
regarding  the  transferred  Rights or (B) a transfer  which a  majority  of the
Continuing  Directors  has  determined  is  part  of  a  plan,   arrangement  or
understanding  which has a primary  purpose or effect of avoiding the provisions
of this Section 7(e),  shall become null and void without any further action and
any  holder of such  Rights  shall  thereafter  have no rights  whatsoever  with
respect to such Rights,  whether under any provision of this Rights Agreement or
otherwise.  The  Company  shall use all  reasonable  efforts to ensure  that the
provisions of this Section 7(e) are complied  with,  but shall have no liability
to any  holder  of Right  Certificates  or any  other  Person as a result of its
failure to make any  determination  with respect to an  Acquiring  Person or its
Affiliates,  Associates or transferees hereunder.  No Right Certificate shall be
issued pursuant to Section 3 hereof that represents Rights Beneficially Owned by
an Acquiring  Person whose Rights would be void  pursuant to the  provisions  of
this Section 7(e) or any Associate or Affiliate  thereof;  no Right  Certificate
shall be issued  at any time upon the  transfer  of any  Rights to an  Acquiring
Person  whose Rights would be void  pursuant to the  provisions  of this Section
7(e) or any Associate or Affiliate  thereof or to any nominee of such  Acquiring
Person,  Associate  or  Affiliate;  and any Right  Certificate  delivered to the
Rights  Agent for  transfer to an  Acquiring  Person  whose Rights would be void
pursuant to the provisions of this Section 7(e) shall be cancelled.

         (f) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, neither
the Rights Agent nor the Company shall be obligated to undertake any action with
respect to a registered holder upon the occurrence of any purported  exercise as
set  forth in this  Section  7 unless  such  registered  holder  shall  have (i)
completed and signed the certificate  following the form of election to purchase
set forth on the  reverse  side of the Right  Certificate  surrendered  for such
exercise  and (ii)  provided  such  additional  evidence of the  identity of the
Beneficial  Owner (or  former  Beneficial  Owner) or  Affiliates  or  Associates
thereof as the Company shall reasonably request.


<PAGE>

         Section 8.  Cancellation  and  Destruction of Right  Certificates.  All
Right Certificates surrendered for the purpose of exercise,  transfer, split up,
combination  or exchange  shall,  if surrendered to the Company or to any of its
agents,  be delivered to the Rights Agent for cancellation or in cancelled form,
or, if surrendered  to the Rights Agent,  shall be cancelled by it, and no Right
Certificates  shall be issued in lieu thereof  except as expressly  permitted by
any of the provisions of this Rights Agreement. The Company shall deliver to the
Rights Agent for cancellation and retirement,  and the Rights Agent shall cancel
and retire, any Right Certificate purchased or acquired by the Company otherwise
than upon the exercise  thereof.  The Rights Agent shall  deliver all  cancelled
Right Certificates to the Company.

         Section 9. Reservation and Availability of Shares of Preferred Stock.

         (a) The Company  covenants and agrees that it will cause to be reserved
and kept available out of its authorized and unissued  shares of Preferred Stock
(and, following the occurrence of an event described in Section 11(a)(ii) or 13,
out of  its  authorized  and  unissued  shares  of  Common  Stock  and/or  other
securities),  the  number of shares  of  Preferred  Stock  (and,  following  the
occurrence of an event described in Section 11(a)(ii) or 13, Common Stock and/or
other  securities)  that,  as  provided  in  this  Agreement  including  Section
11(a)(iii)  hereof,  will  be  sufficient  to  permit  exercise  in  full of all
outstanding Rights.

         (b) The  Company  shall use its best  efforts to cause,  from and after
such time as the Rights become exercisable, all shares of Preferred Stock issued
or reserved for issuance in accordance with this Rights  Agreement to be listed,
upon  official  notice  of  issuance,  upon the  principal  national  securities
exchange,  if any,  upon which the Common  Stock is listed or, if the  principal
market for the Common Stock is not on any national  securities  exchange,  to be
eligible for  quotation  in the  National  Association  of  Securities  Dealers'
Automated  Quotation  System  ("NASDAQ")  or  any  successor  thereto  or  other
comparable  quotation system, or such other system on which the Common Stock may
be quoted.

         (c) The Company  covenants and agrees that it will take all such action
as may be  necessary  to insure that all shares  delivered  upon the exercise of
Rights  shall,  at the time of  delivery  of the  certificates  for such  shares
(subject  to payment of the  Exercise  Price in  respect  thereof),  be duly and
validly authorized and issued and fully paid and nonassessable shares.

         (d) The  Company  shall use its best  efforts  to (i) file,  as soon as
practicable following the occurrence of the event described in Section 11(a)(ii)
or 13, or as soon as is required by law following the Distribution  Date, as the
case  may be, a  registration  statement  under  the Act,  with  respect  to the
securities  purchasable upon exercise of the Rights on an appropriate form; (ii)
cause such  registration  statement to become  effective as soon as  practicable
after  such  filing;  and (iii)  cause  such  registration  statement  to remain
effective  (with a prospectus at all times meeting the  requirements of the Act)
until  the  earlier  of (A) the  date  as of  which  the  Rights  are no  longer
exercisable  for  such  securities,  and (B) the date of the  expiration  of the
Rights. The Company may temporarily  suspend,  for a period not to exceed ninety
(90) days,  the  issuance  of  securities  upon  exercise of a Right in order to
prepare and file a registration  statement under the Act and permit it to become

<PAGE>

effective.  Upon  any  such  suspension,   the  Company  shall  issue  a  public
announcement  that  the  exercisability  of  the  Rights  has  been  temporarily
suspended, as well as a public announcement at such time as the suspension is no
longer in effect.  The Company will also take such action as may be  appropriate
under,  or to ensure  compliance  with, the securities or "Blue Sky" laws of the
various   states  in  connection   with  the   exercisability   of  the  Rights.
Notwithstanding  any  provision of this Rights  Agreement to the  contrary,  the
Rights  shall  not be  exercisable  in any  jurisdiction  unless  the  requisite
qualification  in  such  jurisdiction  shall  have  been  obtained  and  until a
registration  statement  under the Act if  required,  shall  have been  declared
effective.

         (e) The  Company  covenants  and  agrees  that it will pay when due and
payable any and all federal and state  transfer  taxes and charges  which may be
payable in respect of the issuance or delivery of the Right  Certificates  or of
any securities upon the exercise of Rights.  The Company shall not, however,  be
required to pay any transfer tax which may be payable in respect of any transfer
or delivery of a Right  Certificate  to a Person other than,  or the issuance or
delivery of certificates  for securities upon exercise of Rights in a name other
than that of, the registered  holder of the Right  Certificate,  and the Company
shall not be required to issue or deliver a Right Certificate or certificate for
such  securities  to a Person other than such  registered  holder until any such
transfer tax shall have been paid (any such  transfer  tax being  payable by the
holder of such Right  Certificate at the time of surrender) or until it has been
established to the Company's  reasonable  satisfaction that no such transfer tax
is due.

         Section 10.  Preferred Stock Record Date. Each Person in whose name any
certificate  for  shares  of  Preferred  Stock (or  Common  Stock  and/or  other
securities,  as the case may be) is issued upon the exercise of Rights shall for
all  purposes  be deemed to have  become the  holder of record of the  Preferred
Stock (or Common Stock and/or other securities,  as the case may be) represented
thereby, and such certificate shall be dated as of the date upon which the Right
Certificate  evidencing  such  Rights was duly  surrendered  and  payment of the
Exercise Price (and any applicable transfer taxes) was made; provided,  however,
that,  if the date of such  surrender  and  payment  is a date  upon  which  the
Preferred  Stock (or Common Stock and/or other  securities,  as the case may be)
transfer  books of the Company are closed,  such Person  shall be deemed to have
become the record holder of such shares on, and such certificate  shall be dated
as of, the next succeeding  Business Day on which the Preferred Stock (or Common
Stock and/or other securities, as the case may be) transfer books of the Company
are open. Prior to the exercise of the Rights evidenced thereby, the holder of a
Right Certificate, as such, shall not be entitled to any rights of a stockholder
of the Company with respect to shares for which the Rights shall be exercisable,
including,  without limitation, the right to vote, to receive dividends or other
distributions or to exercise any preemptive rights, and shall not be entitled to
receive any notice of any proceedings of the Company, except as provided herein.

         Section  11.  Adjustment  of  Exercise  Price or Number of Shares.  The
Exercise  Price and the number and kind of shares  which may be  purchased  upon
exercise of a Right are subject to  adjustment  from time to time as provided in
this Section 11.

         (a) (i) In the event the  Company  shall at any time  after the date of
         this Rights  Agreement  (A) declare or pay any dividend on Common Stock
         payable  in  shares  of  Common  Stock,  (B)  subdivide  or  split  the

<PAGE>

         outstanding  shares of Common Stock into a greater  number of shares or
         (C) combine or consolidate the outstanding  shares of Common Stock into
         a smaller number of shares or effect a reverse split of the outstanding
         shares of Common Stock, then and in each such event the number and kind
         of  shares  of  Preferred  Stock or  capital  stock  issuable  upon the
         exercise  of a Right after the Record Date for such event (if one shall
         have been  established  or, if not, after the date of such event) shall
         be the number of shares of Preferred  Stock or capital  stock  issuable
         pursuant to such right  immediately prior to such event multiplied by a
         fraction,  the  numerator of which is the number of Rights  outstanding
         immediately  prior to such event,  and the  denominator of which is the
         number of  Rights  outstanding  immediately  after  such  event and the
         Exercise  Price after such event shall be the Exercise  Price in effect
         immediately  prior to such event  multiplied  by such  fraction.  If an
         event occurs which would require an adjustment  under both this Section
         11(a)(i) and Section 11(a)(ii) hereof,  the adjustment  provided for in
         this Section  11(a)(i) shall be in addition to, and shall be made prior
         to, any adjustment required pursuant to Section 11(a)(ii).

                  (ii)  Subject to  Sections  23(a) and 24 herein,  in the event
         that any Person (other than an Exempt  Person),  alone or together with
         its Affiliates and Associates, shall become an Acquiring Person, except
         pursuant to a Qualifying Tender Offer and except as otherwise  provided
         in this  Section  11,  each  holder of a Right,  except as  provided in
         Section 7(e) hereof,  shall  thereafter  have the right to receive upon
         exercise  of such  Right in  accordance  with the terms of this  Rights
         Agreement  and payment of the  Exercise  Price,  the greater of (A) the
         amount  of  Preferred  Stock  for  which  such  Right  was  exercisable
         immediately  prior to the first  occurrence  of the event  described in
         this Section  11(a)(ii) or (B) the amount of Preferred Stock,  based on
         the per share Fair  Market  Value of the  Preferred  Stock  (determined
         pursuant to Section 11(d) hereof) on the date of such first occurrence,
         having a value equal to twice the Exercise  Price;  provided,  however,
         that if the transaction that would otherwise give rise to the foregoing
         adjustment is also subject to the provisions of Section 13 hereof, then
         only the  provisions of Section 13 hereof shall apply and no adjustment
         shall be made  pursuant to this Section  11(a)(ii);  further  provided,
         however,  in lieu of Preferred Stock, each holder of a Right, except as
         provided in Section 7(e) hereof,  may thereafter  elect to receive upon
         and at the time of  exercise  of such  Right,  such number of shares of
         Common  Stock as,  based  upon the per share Fair  Market  Value of the
         Common Stock (determined  pursuant to Section 11(d) hereof) on the date
         of such  first  occurrence,  have a value  equal to twice the  Exercise
         Price.  From and after the occurrence of an event described  above, any
         Rights that are or were acquired or Beneficially Owned by any Acquiring
         Person (or any Associate or Affiliate of any  Acquiring  Person) or any
         transferee of any of the foregoing shall be void and any holder of such
         Rights shall thereafter have no right to exercise such Rights under any
         provision  of this  Agreement.  No Right  Certificate  shall be  issued
         pursuant to Section 3 that represents Rights  Beneficially  Owned by an
         Acquiring  Person whose rights would be void  pursuant to the preceding
         sentence  or  any  Associate  or  Affiliate   thereof,   and  no  Right
         Certificate  shall be issued pursuant to Section 3 upon the transfer of
         any Rights to an Acquiring  Person whose Rights would be void  pursuant
         to the preceding sentence or any Associate or Affiliate thereof,  or to
         any  transferee  or nominee of such an Acquiring  Person,  Associate or
         Affiliate,  and any Right Certificate delivered to the Rights Agent for
         transfer to an Acquiring  Person whose rights would be void pursuant to

<PAGE>

         the preceding  sentence or any Associate or Affiliate  thereof shall be
         cancelled.  In the event  that any  Person  shall  become an  Acquiring
         Person and any Rights shall be outstanding,  the Company shall not take
         any action that would eliminate or diminish the benefits intended to be
         afforded by the Rights.

                  (iii) In the event that the  Company  does not have  available
         sufficient  authorized but unissued Preferred Stock and Common Stock to
         permit the adjustments required pursuant to the foregoing  subparagraph
         (i) or the  exercise  in full of the  Rights  in  accordance  with  the
         foregoing  subparagraph (ii), the Company shall take all such action as
         may be necessary to authorize  and reserve for issuance  such number of
         additional  shares of Preferred Stock and Common Stock as may from time
         to time be  required  to be  issued  upon the  exercise  in full of all
         Rights from time to time outstanding  and, if necessary,  shall use its
         best efforts to obtain stockholder approval thereof. In lieu of issuing
         shares  of   Preferred   Stock  in   accordance   with  the   foregoing
         subparagraphs  (i) and (ii), the Company may,  subject to approval by a
         majority of the  Continuing  Directors of the Board,  if it  determines
         that such action is  necessary or  appropriate  and not contrary to the
         interests  of holders of the  Rights,  elect to issue or pay,  upon the
         exercise of the Rights, cash, property, or shares of Preferred Stock or
         Common Stock,  or any  combination  thereof.  Such cash,  property,  or
         shares of  Preferred  Stock or Common Stock shall have a value equal to
         the Fair Market Value of the shares of Preferred  Stock that  otherwise
         would have been required to be issued upon such exercise of the Rights.
         The  Fair  Market  Value of the  Preferred  Stock  shall be  determined
         pursuant  to Section  11(d).  Subject  to  Section 23 hereof,  any such
         election  by  the  Continuing  Directors  must  be  made  and  publicly
         announced  within  thirty  (30) days  after the date on which the event
         described in Section 11(a)(ii) occurs.

         (b) In case the  Company  shall fix a record  date for the  issuance of
rights,  options or warrants to all holders of Preferred  Stock  entitling  them
(for a period  expiring  within 45  calendar  days  after such  record  date) to
subscribe  for or purchase  Preferred  Stock (or shares  having the same rights,
privileges  and  preferences  as the  Preferred  Stock  ("equivalent  preference
shares"))  or  securities   convertible   into  Preferred  Stock  or  equivalent
preference  shares  at a price  per  share  of  Preferred  Stock  or  equivalent
preference  share  (or  having a  conversion  price  per  share,  if a  security
convertible into Preferred Stock or equivalent  preference shares) less than the
then  current  Fair  Market  Value of a share  of  Preferred  Stock  (determined
pursuant to Section 11(d) hereof) on such record date,  the Exercise Price to be
in effect after such record date shall be determined by multiplying the Exercise
Price  in  effect  immediately  prior to such  record  date by a  fraction,  the
numerator  of which  shall be the  number  of  shares  of  Preferred  Stock  and
equivalent  preference shares outstanding on such record date plus the number of
shares of Preferred Stock and equivalent  preference  shares which the aggregate
offering  price  of the  total  number  of  shares  of  Preferred  Stock  and/or
equivalent  preference  shares so to be offered  (and/or the  aggregate  initial
conversion price of the convertible  securities so to be offered) would purchase
at such  current  Fair Market  Value and the  denominator  of which shall be the
number of shares of Preferred Stock and equivalent preference shares outstanding
on such  record date plus the number of  additional  shares of  Preferred  Stock
and/or  equivalent  preference shares to be offered for subscription or purchase
(or into  which  the  convertible  securities  so to be  offered  are  initially

<PAGE>

convertible);  provided, however, that in no event shall the consideration to be
paid upon the exercise of one Right be less than the  aggregate par value of the
shares of capital stock of the Company  issuable upon exercise of one Right.  In
case such subscription price may be paid in a consideration part or all of which
shall be in a form other than cash, the value of such consideration  shall be as
determined in good faith by a majority of the Continuing Directors, or, if there
are none, by the Board of Directors of the Company, whose determination shall be
described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent.  Shares of Preferred Stock
and equivalent preference shares owned by or held for the account of the Company
shall not be deemed  outstanding for the purpose of any such  computation.  Such
adjustment shall be made successively  whenever such a record date is fixed; and
in the event that such  rights,  options  or  warrants  are not so  issued,  the
Exercise Price shall be adjusted to be the Exercise Price which would then be in
effect if such record date had not been fixed.

         (c) In case the  Company  shall fix a record  date for the  making of a
distribution  to  all  holders  of  the  Preferred  Stock  (including  any  such
distribution  made in  connection  with a  consolidation  or merger in which the
Company is the continuing or surviving corporation) of evidences of indebtedness
or assets (other than a regular quarterly cash dividend or a dividend payable in
Preferred Stock) or subscription rights or warrants (excluding those referred to
in Section 11(b)  hereof),  the Exercise Price to be in effect after such record
date shall be determined by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately
prior to such  record date by a fraction,  the  numerator  of which shall be the
then  current Fair Market Value of a share of the  Preferred  Stock  (determined
pursuant  to Section  11(d)  hereof) on such record  date,  less the Fair Market
Value (as  determined in good faith by a majority of the  Continuing  Directors,
or,  if  there  are  none,  by the  Board of  Directors  of the  Company,  whose
determination  shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent) of
the portion of the assets or evidences of  indebtedness  so to be distributed or
of such  subscription  rights or warrants  applicable  to one share of Preferred
Stock and the  denominator  of which shall be such  current  Fair  Market  Value
(determined  pursuant to Section  11(d)  hereof) of a share of Preferred  Stock;
provided,  however, that in no event shall the consideration to be paid upon the
exercise  of one Right be less  than the  aggregate  par value of the  shares of
capital  stock of the  Company to be issued  upon  exercise  of one Right.  Such
adjustments shall be made successively whenever such a record date is fixed; and
in the event that such  distribution  is not so made,  the Exercise  Price shall
again be adjusted to be the Exercise Price which would then be in effect if such
record date had not been fixed.

         (d) For the purpose of this Rights  Agreement,  the "Fair Market Value"
of any share of Preferred Stock, Common Stock or any other stock or any Right or
other security or any other property on any date shall be determined as provided
in this Section 11(d). In the case of a publicly traded stock or other security,
the Fair Market Value on any date shall be deemed to be the average of the daily
closing  prices per share of such stock or per unit of such other  security  for
the  30  consecutive  Trading  Days  (as  such  term  is  hereinafter   defined)
immediately prior to such date;  provided,  however,  that in the event that the
Fair Market Value per share of any share of Common Stock is determined  during a
period  which  includes  any date that is within 30  Trading  Days after (i) the
ex-dividend  date for a dividend or distribution on such stock payable in shares
of Common Stock or securities  convertible  into shares of Common Stock, or (ii)
effective date of any subdivision,  split, combination,  consolidation,  reverse

<PAGE>

stock split or  reclassification of such stock, then, and in each such case, the
Fair  Market  Value  shall  be  appropriately  adjusted  by a  majority  of  the
Continuing Directors,  or, if there are none, by the Board, to take into account
ex-dividend or post-effective date trading.  The closing price for any day shall
be the last sale  price,  regular  way,  or, in case no such sale takes place on
such day,  the  average of the  closing  bid and asked  prices,  regular way (in
either case, as reported in the  applicable  transaction  reporting  system with
respect  to  securities  listed or  admitted  to  trading  on the New York Stock
Exchange),  or, if the  securities  are not listed or admitted to trading on the
New York Stock  Exchange,  as reported in the applicable  transaction  reporting
system with respect to securities  listed on the principal  national  securities
exchange on which such  security  is listed or  admitted to trading;  or, if not
listed or  admitted to trading on any  national  securities  exchange,  the last
quoted  price (or,  if not so quoted,  the average of the high bid and low asked
prices) in the  over-the-counter  market,  as  reported  by NASDAQ or such other
system  then in use;  or, if no bids for such  security  are  quoted by any such
organization,  the average of the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a
professional  market  maker  making a market in such  security  selected  by the
Board.  The term "Trading Day" shall mean a day on which the principal  national
securities  exchange on which such  security is listed or admitted to trading is
open for the  transaction  of  business  or, if such  security  is not listed or
admitted to trading on any national  securities  exchange,  a Business Day. If a
security is not publicly  held or not so listed or traded,  "Fair Market  Value"
shall  mean the fair  value per share of stock or per other  unit of such  other
security, as determined by an independent investment banking firm experienced in
the  valuation  of  securities  selected  in good  faith  by a  majority  of the
Continuing  Directors,  or,  if there  are none,  by the  Board,  or, if no such
investment  banking  firm is, in the good faith  judgment  of a majority  of the
Continuing  Directors  or the  Board,  as  applicable,  available  to make  such
determination,  in good faith by a majority of the Continuing Directors,  or, if
there are none, by the Board; provided, however, that for purposes of making the
adjustment provided for by Section 11(a)(ii)(B) hereof, the Fair Market Value of
a share of  Preferred  Stock  shall not be less than 100% of the  product of the
Fair Market  Value of a share of Common  Stock  multiplied  by the higher of the
then Dividend  Multiple or Vote Multiple  applicable to the Preferred  Stock (as
defined in the Certificate of Designation  relating to the Preferred  Stock) and
shall not exceed 105% of the product of the then Fair Market Value of a share of
Common  Stock  multiplied  by the higher of the then  Dividend  Multiple or Vote
Multiple  applicable to the Preferred  Stock. In the case of property other than
securities, the "Fair Market Value" thereof shall be determined in good faith by
a majority of the  Continuing  Directors,  or, if there are none,  by the Board,
based upon such appraisals or valuation reports of such independent experts as a
majority of the Continuing Directors or the Board, as applicable,  shall in good
faith determine to be appropriate in accordance with good business practices and
the interests of the holders of Rights.  Any such  determination  of Fair Market
Value shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent and shall be
binding upon the Rights Agent.

         (e) All calculations under this Section 11 shall be made to the nearest
cent or to the nearest one one-hundredth (1/100) of a share, as the case may be.

         (f)  Irrespective  of any adjustment or change in the Exercise Price or
the securities  issuable upon the exercise of the Rights, the Right Certificates
theretofore and thereafter issued may continue to express the Exercise Price and
the number of shares to be issued upon  exercise of the Rights as in the initial
Right  Certificates  issued  hereunder but,  nevertheless,  shall  represent the
Rights as so adjusted.
<PAGE>

         (g) Before  taking any action that would cause an  adjustment  reducing
the purchase price per whole share purchasable upon exercise of the Rights below
the then per share par value, the Company shall use its best efforts to take any
corporate action which may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary in order
that the Company may  validly  and legally  issue fully paid and  non-assessable
shares at such adjusted purchase price per share.

         (h) Notwithstanding anything in this Section 11 to the contrary, in the
event of any  reclassification of stock of the Company or any  recapitalization,
reorganization or partial liquidation of the Company or similar transaction, the
Company  shall make such  further  adjustments  in the number and kind of shares
which may be acquired upon exercise of the Rights,  and such  adjustments in the
Exercise Price therefor,  in addition to those adjustments expressly required by
the other  paragraphs of this Section 11, as a majority of Continuing  Directors
(or, if there are none, the Board) shall in good faith determine to be necessary
or  appropriate  in order for the  holders  of the  Rights  in such  event to be
treated  equitably and in accordance  with the purpose and intent of this Rights
Agreement or in order that any such event shall not, but for such adjustment, in
the opinion of counsel to the Company, result in the stockholders of the Company
being  subject to any United  States  federal  income  tax  liability  by reason
thereof.

         (i) In the event the  Company  shall at any time after the Record  Date
make any  distribution on the shares of Common Stock of the Company,  whether by
way  of  a  dividend  or  a  reclassification   of  stock,  a  recapitalization,
reorganization  or partial  liquidation of the Company or otherwise,  in cash or
any security, debt security, debt instrument,  subscription right, warrant, real
or personal property or any other property or security (other than any shares of
Common  Stock) and the amount of such cash  dividend or the Fair Market Value of
such  security,  right,  warrant,  debt  security,  debt  instrument or property
exceeds 150% of the aggregate  amount of the cash dividends  declared or paid on
the Common Stock of the Company in the  15-month  period  immediately  preceding
such distribution, then and in each such event, unless such distribution is part
of or is made in  connection  with a transaction  to which Section  11(a)(ii) or
Section 13 hereof  applies,  the  Exercise  Price  shall be reduced by an amount
equal to the cash or the Fair Market Value of such distribution, as the case may
be, per share of Common Stock. For purposes hereof, the Fair Market Value of any
property  distributed to the holders of shares of Common Stock shall be the Fair
Market Value of such property as determined by an independent investment banking
firm  experienced  in the  valuation  of  securities  or the other  property  so
distributed,  as the  case may be,  selected  in good  faith  by the  Continuing
Directors,  or, if there  are  none,  by the  Board,  or, if no such  investment
banking  firm is in the good  faith  judgment  of a majority  of the  Continuing
Directors or the Board, as applicable,  available to make such determination, in
good faith by a majority of the Continuing Directors,  or, if there are none, by
the Board, whose  determination  shall be final and binding on the Company,  the
Rights Agent and the holders of Rights.

         Section  12.  Certification  of  Adjusted  Exercise  Price or Number of
Shares. Whenever an adjustment is made as provided in Section 11, 13 or 23(c) of

<PAGE>

this Rights  Agreement,  the Company  shall (a) promptly  prepare a  certificate
setting forth such adjustment, and a brief statement of the facts giving rise to
such adjustment,  (b) promptly file with the Rights Agent and with each transfer
agent for the Preferred  Stock a copy of such  certificate  and (c) mail a brief
summary thereof to each holder of a Right Certificate in accordance with Section
25 of this Rights Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, the failure
of the Company,  to make such certification or give such notice shall not affect
the validity of or the force or effect of the requirement  for such  adjustment.
Any  adjustment  to be made  pursuant  to Section 11, 13 or 23(c) of this Rights
Agreement  shall be  effective  as of the date of the event  giving rise to such
adjustment.  The Rights  Agent shall be fully  protected  in relying on any such
certificate and on any adjustment  therein  contained and shall not be deemed to
have  knowledge of any  adjustment  unless and until it shall have received such
certificate.

         Section  13.  Consolidation,  Merger or Sale or  Transfer  of Assets or
Earning Power.

         (a) In the event that,  following the Stock Acquisition Date,  directly
or indirectly,  (w) the Company shall  consolidate with, or merge with and into,
any other Person (other than an Exempt Person), and the Company shall not be the
surviving or continuing  corporation of such consolidation or merger, or (x) any
Person (other than an Exempt Person) shall  consolidate  with, or merge with and
into,  the  Company,  and the  Company  shall  be the  continuing  or  surviving
corporation  of such  consolidation  or  merger  and,  in  connection  with such
consolidation or merger,  all or part of the outstanding  shares of Common Stock
shall be changed into or exchanged  for stock or other  securities  of any other
Person (or the  Company) or cash or other  property,  or (y) the  Company  shall
effect a statutory  share exchange with the  outstanding  shares of Common Stock
being  exchanged  for stock or other  securities  of any other Person or cash or
other  property,  or (z) the Company or one or more of its  Subsidiaries  shall,
directly or indirectly,  sell or otherwise  transfer to any other Person, or any
Affiliate  or  Associate of such  Person,  in one or more  transactions,  or the
Company or one or more of its Subsidiaries  shall sell or otherwise  transfer to
any Persons in one or a series of related transactions,  assets or earning power
aggregating  more than 50% of the assets or earning power of the Company and its
Subsidiaries (taken as a whole) to any Person or Persons (other than the Company
or any Subsidiary of the Company in one or more transactions) then, on the first
occurrence of any such event,  proper  provision  shall be made so that (i) each
holder of record of a Right,  except as provided in Section 7(e)  hereof,  shall
thereafter have the right to receive,  upon the exercise  thereof and payment of
the Exercise Price in accordance with the terms of this Rights  Agreement,  such
number of  shares of  validly  issued,  fully  paid,  nonassessable  and  freely
tradable Common Stock of the Principal Party (as defined herein), not subject to
any liens,  encumbrances,  rights of first refusal or other adverse  claims,  as
shall, based on the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock of the Principal Party
on the date of the consummation of such consolidation, merger, sale or transfer,
equal twice the Exercise Price;  (ii) such Principal  Party shall  thereafter be
liable for, and shall assume, by virtue of such  consolidation,  merger, sale or
transfer,  all the obligations and duties of the Company pursuant to this Rights
Agreement;  (iii) the term  "Company" for all purposes of this Rights  Agreement
shall thereafter be deemed to refer to such Principal Party; (iv) such Principal
Party shall take such steps (including, but not limited to, the reservation of a
sufficient  number  of  shares  of its  Common  Stock  in  accordance  with  the
provisions of Section 9 hereof) in connection  with such  consummation as may be

<PAGE>

necessary to assure that the provisions  hereof shall  thereafter be applicable,
as nearly  as  reasonably  may be, in  relation  to its  shares of Common  Stock
thereafter deliverable upon the exercise of the Rights; provided,  however, that
upon the  subsequent  occurrence  of any merger,  consolidation,  sale of all or
substantially all of the assets,  recapitalization,  reclassification of shares,
reorganization or other  extraordinary  transaction in respect of such Principal
Party,  each holder of a Right  shall  thereupon  be  entitled to receive,  upon
exercise  of a Right and  payment of the  Exercise  Price,  such  cash,  shares,
rights,  warrants and other  property which such holder would have been entitled
to receive had it, at the time of such  transaction,  owned the shares of Common
Stock of the Principal Party  purchasable upon the exercise of a Right, and such
Principal  Party  shall  take  such  steps  (including,   but  not  limited  to,
reservation  of shares of stock) as may be  necessary  to permit the  subsequent
exercise  of the  Rights in  accordance  with the terms  hereof  for such  cash,
shares,  rights,  warrants and other property; and (v) the provisions of Section
11(a)(ii)  hereof shall be of no effect  following  the  occurrence of any event
described in clause (x), (y) or (z) above of this Section 13(a).

         (b)      "Principal Party" shall mean

                  (i) in the case of any  transaction  described  in (w), (x) or
         (y) of the first sentence of Section 13(a) hereof:  (A) the Person that
         is the issuer of the  securities  into which  shares of Common Stock of
         the Company are changed or  otherwise  exchanged  or  converted in such
         merger,  consolidation or exchange,  or, if there is more than one such
         issuer,  the  issuer  of the  Common  Stock of which  has the  greatest
         aggregate  market  value  of  shares  outstanding  or  (B)  if no  such
         securities are so issued, (x) the Person that is the other party to the
         merger,  consolidation  or  exchange  and that  survives  such  merger,
         consolidation  or exchange,  or, if there is more than one such Person,
         the Person the Common Stock of which has the greatest  aggregate market
         value of  shares  outstanding  or (y) if the  Person  that is the other
         party to the merger,  consolidation  or  exchange  does not survive the
         merger,  consolidation  or  exchange,  the Person that does survive the
         merge,  consolidation,   or  exchange  (including  the  Company  if  it
         survives); and

                  (ii) in the case of any  transaction  described  in (z) of the
         first sentence in Section 13(a), the Person that is the party receiving
         the  greatest  portion  of the  assets  or  earning  power  transferred
         pursuant to such transaction or  transactions,  or, if each Person that
         is a party  to such  transaction  or  transactions  receives  the  same
         portion of the assets or earning power so  transferred or if the Person
         receiving the greatest portion of the assets or earning power cannot be
         determined,  whichever of such Persons as is the issuer of Common Stock
         having  the  greatest  aggregate  market  value of shares  outstanding;
         provided,  however,  that in any such case, if the Common Stock of such
         Person  is not at such  time  and has not  been  continuously  over the
         preceding  12-month period  registered under Section 12 of the Exchange
         Act,  and such  Person is a direct or  indirect  Subsidiary  of another
         Person the  Common  Stock of which is and has been so  registered,  the
         term  "Principal  Party" shall refer to such other  Person,  or if such
         Person  is a  Subsidiary,  directly  or  indirectly,  of more  than one
         Person,  the  Common  Stocks  of all of  which  are  and  have  been so
         registered, the term "Principal Party" shall refer to whichever of such
         Persons is the issuer of the Common Stock having the greatest aggregate
         market value of shares outstanding.
<PAGE>

         (c) The Company shall not consummate any consolidation,  merger or sale
or transfer of assets or earning  power  referred to in Section 13(a) unless the
Principal  Party  shall have a  sufficient  number of  authorized  shares of its
Common  Stock  that have not been  issued or  reserved  for  issuance  to permit
exercise  in full of all Rights in  accordance  with this  Section 13 and unless
prior thereto the Company and the Principal  Party  involved  therein shall have
executed and  delivered to the Rights  Agent an  agreement  confirming  that the
Principal Party shall, upon consummation of such consolidation, merger, exchange
or sale or transfer of assets or earning power,  assume this Rights Agreement in
accordance  with Section  13(a)  hereof and that all rights of first  refusal or
preemptive  rights in respect of the  issuance of shares of Common  Stock of the
Principal  Party upon exercise of  outstanding  Rights have been waived and that
such transaction shall not result in a default by the Principal Party under this
Rights  Agreement,  and further providing that, as soon as practicable after the
date of any  consolidation,  merger,  exchange  or sale or transfer of assets or
earning power referred to in Section 13(a) hereof, the Principal Party will:

                  (i) prepare and file a  registration  statement  under the Act
         with respect to the Rights and the securities purchasable upon exercise
         of the Rights on an  appropriate  form,  use its best  efforts to cause
         such registration  statement to become effective as soon as practicable
         after such filing and use its best  efforts to cause such  registration
         statement to remain  effective  (with a prospectus at all times meeting
         the  requirements  of the  Act)  until  the date of  expiration  of the
         Rights, and similarly comply with applicable state securities laws;

                  (ii) use its best efforts to list (or continue the listing of)
         the Rights and the securities  purchasable  upon exercise of the Rights
         on  a  national   securities   exchange  or  to  meet  the  eligibility
         requirements  for quotation on NASDAQ or such other system on which the
         Common Stock may be quoted; and

                  (iii)  deliver to holders of the Rights  historical  financial
         statements  for the  Principal  Party which comply in all respects with
         the  requirements  for  registration on Form 10 (or any successor form)
         under the Exchange Act.

In the event that any of the  transactions  described  in Section  13(a)  hereof
shall  occur at any time after the  occurrence  of a  transaction  described  in
Section 11(a)(ii)  hereof,  the Rights which have not theretofore been exercised
shall,  subject  to  the  provisions  of  Section  7(e)  hereof,  thereafter  be
exercisable in the manner described in Section 13(a) hereof.

         (d) The  Company  shall not enter into any  transaction  referred to in
this  Section  13 if at the  time  of such  transaction  there  are any  rights,
warrants,   instruments   or  securities   outstanding   or  any  agreements  or
arrangements or other provisions  which, as a result of the consummation of such
transaction,  would eliminate or substantially diminish the benefits intended to
be afforded by the Rights.  In that regard,  and without limiting the foregoing,
in case the Principal Party which is to be a party to a transaction  referred to
in this Section 13 has any provision in any of its  authorized  securities or in

<PAGE>

its  Articles or  Certificate  of  Incorporation  or Bylaws or other  instrument
governing its corporate  affairs,  which  provision would have the effect of (i)
causing such Principal Party to issue,  in connection  with, or as a consequence
of the  consummation of a transaction  referred to in this Section 13, shares of
Common Stock of such Principal Party at less than the then Fair Market Value per
share  (determined  pursuant to Section 11(d) hereof) or securities  exercisable
for, or convertible into, Common Stock of such Principal Party at less than such
then Fair Market Value (other than to holders of Rights pursuant to this Section
13) or (ii) providing for any special tax or similar  payment in connection with
the  issuance to any holder of a Right of Common Stock of such  Principal  Party
pursuant to the provisions of this Section 13, then, in such event,  the Company
shall not consummate any such  transaction  unless prior thereto the Company and
such  Principal  Party shall have  executed and  delivered to the Rights Agent a
supplemental  agreement  providing  that  the  provision  in  question  of  such
Principal  Party  shall  have been  cancelled,  waived or  amended,  or that the
authorized  securities shall be redeemed,  so that the applicable provision will
have no effect in connection  with, or as a consequence of, the  consummation of
the proposed transaction.

         Section 14.       Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares.

         (a) The Company  shall not be required to issue  fractions of Rights or
to distribute Right  Certificates  which evidence  fractional Rights. In lieu of
such  fractional  Rights,  there shall be paid to the registered  holders of the
Right  Certificates  with regard to which such fractional Rights would otherwise
be  issuable,  an amount in cash equal to the same  fraction  of the Fair Market
Value of the whole Right.

         (b) The Company  shall not be required to issue  fractions of shares of
Preferred  Stock  (other than  fractions  which are  integral  multiples  of one
one-hundredth of a share or, if a Right shall then be exercisable for a fraction
other than one  one-hundredth of a share,  integral  multiples of that fraction)
upon  exercise  of the  Rights  or to  distribute  certificates  which  evidence
fractional  shares  (other than  fractions  which are integral  multiples of one
one-hundredth of a share or, if a Right shall then be exercisable for a fraction
other than one one-hundredth of a share,  integral  multiples of that fraction).
In lieu of issuing  fractions of shares of Preferred  Stock, the Company may, at
its election,  issue depositary receipts evidencing fractions of shares pursuant
to an appropriate agreement between the Company and a depositary selected by it,
provided that such agreement  shall provide that the holders of such  depositary
receipts shall have all of the rights,  privileges and preferences to which they
would be entitled as owners of the Preferred  Stock.  With respect to fractional
shares that are not integral  multiples of one one-hundredth of a share or, if a
Right shall then be exercisable for a fraction other than one one-hundredth of a
share,  are not  integral  multiples of that  fraction,  if the Company does not
issue such fractional shares or depositary receipts in lieu thereof, there shall
be paid to the  holders of record of Right  Certificates  at the time such Right
Certificates  are  exercised  as herein  provided an amount in cash equal to the
same fraction of the Fair Market Value of a share of Preferred Stock.

         (c) The holder of a Right by the acceptance of a Right expressly waives
his right to receive any fractional Rights or any fractional shares of Preferred

<PAGE>

Stock (other than fractions which are integral multiples of one one-hundredth of
a share or, if a Right shall then be  exercisable  for a fraction other than one
one-hundredth of a share,  integral multiples of that fraction) upon exercise of
a Right.

         Section 15.  Rights of Action.  All rights of action in respect of this
Rights  Agreement,  except  the rights of action  given to the  Rights  Agent in
Section 18 hereof, are vested in the respective  registered holders of the Right
Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, the registered holders of the
Common Stock);  and any registered holder of any Right Certificate (or, prior to
the Distribution  Date, of the Common Stock),  without the consent of the Rights
Agent  or of the  holder  of any  other  Right  Certificate  (or,  prior  to the
Distribution Date, of the Common Stock),  may, in his own behalf and for his own
benefit, enforce, institute, and maintain any suit, action or proceeding against
the Company to enforce,  or  otherwise  act in respect of, his right to exercise
the Rights  evidenced by such Right  Certificate in the manner  provided in such
Right Certificate and in this Rights  Agreement.  Without limiting the foregoing
or  any  remedies  available  to  the  holders  of  Rights,  it is  specifically
acknowledged that the holders of Rights would not have an adequate remedy at law
for any  breach  of this  Rights  Agreement  and will be  entitled  to  specific
performance of the obligations  under,  and injunctive  relief against actual or
threatened  violations  of  the  obligations  of  any  Person  subject  to  this
Agreement.

         Section 16.  Agreement of Right  Holders.  Every holder of a Right,  by
accepting  the same,  consents  and agrees with the Company and the Rights Agent
and with every other holder of a Right that:

         (a) prior to the  Distribution  Date,  the Rights will be  transferable
only in connection with the transfer of Common Stock;

         (b)  after  the   Distribution   Date,  the  Right   Certificates   are
transferable  only on the registry  books of the Rights Agent if  surrendered at
the office of the Rights Agent  designated  for such  purpose,  duly endorsed or
accompanied by a proper instrument of transfer; and

         (c) the Company  and the Rights  Agent may deem and treat the Person in
whose  name the Right  Certificate  (or,  prior to the  Distribution  Date,  the
associated Common Stock certificate) is registered as the absolute owner thereof
and of the Rights evidenced thereby  (notwithstanding any notations of ownership
or writing on the Right  Certificates or the associated Common Stock certificate
made by anyone  other than the  Company or the  Rights  Agent) for all  purposes
whatsoever,  and neither  the Company nor the Rights  Agent shall be affected by
any notice to the contrary.

         Section  17.  Right  Certificate  Holder Not Deemed a  Stockholder.  No
holder,  as such, of any Right  Certificate  shall be entitled to vote,  receive
dividends  or be deemed for any  purpose  the holder of  Preferred  Stock or any
other  securities  of the  Company  which  may at any  time be  issuable  on the
exercise of the Rights represented  thereby, nor shall anything contained herein
or in any Right  Certificate be construed to confer upon the holder of any Right
Certificate,  as such,  any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company or any
right to vote for the  election of  directors  or upon any matter  submitted  to
stockholders  at any  meeting  thereof,  or to give or  withhold  consent to any

<PAGE>

corporate  action,  or to receive notice of meetings or other actions  affecting
stockholders  (except as provided in Section 25 hereof), or to receive dividends
or subscription  rights,  or otherwise,  until the Right or Rights  evidenced by
such  Right  Certificate  shall  have  been  exercised  in  accordance  with the
provisions hereof.

         Section 18.       Concerning the Rights Agent.

         (a)  The  Company  agrees  to  pay  to  the  Rights  Agent   reasonable
compensation  for all services  rendered by it hereunder and, from time to time,
on demand of the Rights  Agent,  its  reasonable  expenses  and counsel fees and
other distributions  incurred in the administration and execution of this Rights
Agreement and the exercise and performance of its duties hereunder.  The Company
also agrees to indemnify the Rights Agent for, and to hold it harmless  against,
any loss,  liability,  or expense,  incurred  without  negligence,  bad faith or
willful misconduct on the part of the Rights Agent, for anything done or omitted
by the Rights Agent in connection with the acceptance and administration of this
Rights  Agreement,  including  the costs and expenses of  defending  against any
claim of liability relating to the Rights or this Rights Agreement.

         (b) The Rights  Agent shall be  protected  against,  and shall incur no
liability for or in respect of, any action  taken,  suffered or omitted by it in
connection with its administration of this Rights Agreement in reliance upon any
Right  Certificate or certificate for Preferred Stock or for other securities of
the  Company,   instrument  of  assignment  or  transfer,   power  of  attorney,
endorsement,   affidavit,  letter,  notice,  direction,   consent,  certificate,
statement  or other  paper or  document  believed  by it to be genuine and to be
signed, executed and, where necessary,  verified or acknowledged,  by the proper
Person or  Persons,  or  otherwise  upon the  advice of  counsel as set forth in
Section 20 hereof.

         Section  19.  Merger or  Consolidation  of,  or Change in Name of,  the
Rights Agent.

         (a) Any corporation into which the Rights Agent or any successor Rights
Agent may be merged  or  consolidated,  or any  corporation  resulting  from any
merger or  consolidation to which the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent
shall be a party, or any corporation  succeeding to the corporate trust or stock
transfer  business of the Rights Agent or any successor  Rights Agent,  shall be
the  successor  to the Rights  Agent  under this  Rights  Agreement  without the
execution  or filing of any paper or any  further  act on the part of any of the
parties hereto; provided that such corporation would be eligible for appointment
as a successor  Rights Agent under the provisions of Section 21 hereof.  In case
at the time such  successor  Rights Agent shall succeed to the agency created by
this  Rights  Agreement,   any  of  the  Rights  Certificates  shall  have  been
countersigned  but not delivered,  any such successor Rights Agent may adopt the
countersignature  of  the  predecessor  Rights  Agent  and  deliver  such  Right
Certificates  so  countersigned;  and in  case  at that  time  any of the  Right
Certificates shall not have been  countersigned,  any successor Rights Agent may
countersign such Right Certificates either in the name of the predecessor Rights
Agent or in the name of the successor  Rights Agent;  and in all such cases such
Right  Certificates shall have the full force provided in the Right Certificates
and in this Rights Agreement.
<PAGE>

         (b) In case at any time the name of the Rights  Agent  shall be changed
and at such time any of the Right Certificates shall have been countersigned but
not delivered,  the Rights Agent may adopt the countersignature  under its prior
name and deliver Right  Certificates so countersigned;  in case at that time any
of the Right  Certificates shall not have been  countersigned,  the Rights Agent
may  countersign  such  Right  Certificates  either in its prior  name or in its
changed  name;  in all such cases such  Right  Certificates  shall have the full
force provided in the Right Certificates and in this Rights Agreement.

         Section 20. Duties of Rights  Agent.  The Rights Agent  undertakes  the
duties and obligations imposed by this Rights Agreement upon the following terms
and  conditions,  by  all  of  which  the  Company  and  the  holders  of  Right
Certificates by their acceptance thereof, shall be bound:

         (a) The Rights Agent may consult  with legal  counsel (who may be legal
counsel  for the  Company),  and the opinion of such  counsel  shall be full and
complete authorization and protection to the Rights Agent as to any action taken
or omitted by it in good faith and in accordance with such opinion.

         (b)  Whenever  in the  performance  of its  duties  under  this  Rights
Agreement the Rights Agent shall deem it necessary or desirable that any fact or
matter be proved or  established by the Company prior to taking or suffering any
action hereunder,  such fact or matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof
be herein specifically  prescribed) may be defined to be conclusively proved and
established  by a  certificate  signed by the  Chairman of the Board,  the Chief
Executive  Officer,  the  President  or any  Vice  President  and  by the  Chief
Financial  Officer,  the Secretary or an Assistant  Secretary of the Company and
delivered to the Rights Agent. Any such certificate shall be full  authorization
to the Rights  Agent for any action  taken or suffered in good faith by it under
the provisions of this Rights Agreement in reliance upon such certificate.

         (c) The Rights Agent shall not be liable for or by reason of any of the
statements  of fact or recitals  contained  in this Rights  Agreement  or in the
Right  Certificates  (except its  countersignature  thereof),  or be required to
verify the same, but all such statements and recitals are and shall be deemed to
have been made by the Company only.

         (d) The Rights Agent shall not be under any  responsibility  in respect
of the validity of this Rights  Agreement or the execution  and delivery  hereof
(except  the due  execution  hereof by the  Rights  Agent) or in  respect of the
validity or  execution  of any Right  Certificate  (except its  countersignature
thereof);  nor shall it be  responsible  for any  breach by the  Company  of any
covenant  or  condition  contained  in this  Rights  Agreement  or in any  Right
Certificate;  nor shall it be responsible for any adjustment in the terms of the
Rights (including the manner,  method or amount required under the provisions of
Section 11 or 13 hereof) or for  ascertaining  the existence of facts that would
require  any such  adjustment  (except  with  respect to the  exercise of Rights
evidenced  by  Right  Certificates  after  receipt  of a  certificate  furnished
pursuant  to Section 12  describing  such  adjustment);  nor shall it by any act
hereunder  be  deemed  to  make  any   representation  or  warranty  as  to  the
authorization  or  reservation  of any  shares of  Preferred  Stock to be issued
pursuant to this Rights Agreement or any Right  Certificate or as to whether any

<PAGE>

shares of Preferred Stock will, when issued,  be validly  authorized and issued,
fully paid and nonassessable.

         (e) The Company agrees that it will perform,  execute,  acknowledge and
deliver or cause to be performed, executed,  acknowledged and delivered all such
further  and other  acts,  instruments,  and  assurances  as may  reasonably  be
required by the Rights Agent for the carrying  out or  performing  by the Rights
Agent of the provisions of this Rights Agreement.

         (f) The  Rights  Agent is  hereby  authorized  and  directed  to accept
instructions  with respect to the  performance of its duties  hereunder from the
Chairman of the Board,  the Chief Executive  Officer,  the President or any Vice
President  and  confirmed by the Chief  Financial  Officer,  the Secretary or an
Assistant Secretary of the Company,  and to apply to such officers for advice or
instructions in connection with its duties. The Rights Agent shall not be liable
for any  action  taken  or  suffered  by it in good  faith  in  accordance  with
instructions  of any such officer or for any delay in acting  while  waiting for
those instructions.

         (g) The Rights Agent and any shareholder, director, officer or employee
of the  Rights  Agent  may  buy,  sell  or deal in any of the  Rights  or  other
securities of the Company or become pecuniarily interested in any transaction in
which the  Company  may be  interested,  or  contract  with or lend money to the
Company  or  otherwise  act as fully and freely as though it were not the Rights
Agent under this Rights  Agreement.  Nothing  herein  shall  preclude the Rights
Agent from acting in any other  capacity  for the Company or for any other legal
entity.

         (h) The Rights  Agent may  execute  and  exercise  any of the rights or
powers hereby vested in it or perform any duty hereunder  either itself or by or
through its attorneys or agents, and the Rights Agent shall not be answerable or
accountable for any act, default, neglect or misconduct of any such attorneys or
agents or for any loss to the  Company  resulting  from any such  act,  default,
neglect or misconduct,  provided  reasonable care was exercised in the selection
and continued employment thereof.

         Section 21. Change of Rights  Agent.  The Rights Agent or any successor
Rights  Agent may resign and be  discharged  from its duties  under this  Rights
Agreement upon thirty (30) days written notice mailed to the Company and to each
transfer  agent of the Common Stock and the  Preferred  Stock by  registered  or
certified mail. The Company may remove the Rights Agent or any successor  Rights
Agent (with or without  cause) upon thirty (30) days written  notice,  mailed to
the Rights  Agent or  successor  Rights  Agent,  as the case may be, and to each
transfer  agent  of the  Common  Stock  and  Preferred  Stock by  registered  or
certified  mail.  If the  Rights  Agent  shall  resign  or be  removed  or shall
otherwise become  incapable of acting,  the Company shall appoint a successor to
the Rights Agent.  Notwithstanding the foregoing  provisions of this Section 21,
in no event will the resignation or removal of a Rights Agent be effective until
a successor  Rights Agent has been appointed and has accepted such  appointment.
If the  Company  shall fail to make such  appointment  within a period of thirty
(30) days after such  removal or after it has been  notified  in writing of such
resignation or incapacity by the resigning or  incapacitated  Rights Agent or by
the holder of a Right Certificate (who shall, with such notice, submit his Right
Certificate for inspection by the Company),  then the incumbent  Rights Agent or

<PAGE>

the  holder  of  record  of any  Right  Certificate  may  apply to any  court of
competent  jurisdiction for the appointment of a new Rights Agent. Any successor
Rights Agent,  whether appointed by the Company or by such a court, shall be (a)
a corporation  organized and doing  business under the laws of the United States
or of any state thereof,  in good standing,  which is authorized under such laws
to  exercise  corporate  trust  or  stock  transfer  powers  and is  subject  to
supervision  or  examination  in the  conduct  of its  corporate  trust or stock
transfer  business by federal or state  authorities and which has at the time of
its  appointment  as Rights  Agent a combined  capital  and  surplus of at least
$100,000,000 or (b) an Affiliate controlled by a corporation described in clause
(a) of this sentence.  After  appointment,  the successor  Rights Agent shall be
vested with the same powers,  rights,  duties and  responsibilities as if it had
been  originally  named as Rights  Agent  without  further act or deed,  but the
predecessor  Rights  Agent shall  deliver and transfer to the  successor  Rights
Agent any property at the time held by it hereunder, and execute and deliver any
further assurance,  conveyance, act or deed necessary for the purpose. Not later
than the effective date of any such appointment,  the Company shall file written
notice thereof with the predecessor  Rights Agent and each transfer agent of the
Common  Stock and  Preferred  Stock,  and mail a written  notice  thereof to the
registered  holders  of the  Right  Certificates.  Failure  to give  any  notice
provided  for in this  Section 21,  however,  or any defect  therein,  shall not
affect the  legality  or validity  of the  resignation  or removal of the Rights
Agent or the  appointment  of the successor  Rights  Agent,  as the case may be.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions,  in the event of resignation,  removal
or incapacity  of the Rights Agent,  the Company shall have the authority to act
as the Rights Agent until a successor Rights Agent shall have assumed the duties
of the Rights Agent hereunder.

         Section 22. Issuance of New Right Certificates.  Notwithstanding any of
the  provisions of this Rights  Agreement or of the Rights to the contrary,  the
Company may, at its option,  issue new Right  Certificates  evidencing Rights in
such form as may be approved by its Board of Directors to reflect any adjustment
or change  in the  Exercise  Price per share and the  number or kind or class of
shares or other securities or property  purchasable under the Right Certificates
made in accordance with the provisions of this Rights Agreement.

         Section 23.       Redemption.

         (a) The  Board of  Directors  of the  Company  may,  at its  option  by
majority vote, redeem all but not less than all of the then outstanding  Rights,
at any time prior to the Close of  Business  on the earlier of (i) the tenth day
following  the Stock  Acquisition  Date  (subject to extension by the Company as
provided  in  Section  27  hereof)  or (ii)  the  Final  Expiration  Date,  at a
redemption price of $.001 per Right, subject to adjustments to reflect any stock
split, stock dividend or similar transaction  occurring after the date hereof as
provided in subsection (c) below (the "Redemption  Price");  provided,  however,
the Company may redeem the Rights only if at the time of the action of the Board
there  are then in  office  not  less  than two  Continuing  Directors  and such
redemption is approved by a majority of the Continuing Directors then in office.
Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Rights
shall not be exercisable  pursuant to Section  11(a)(ii) prior to the expiration
of the Company's right of redemption hereunder.
<PAGE>

         (b)  Immediately  upon the Board's  action  ordering the  redemption of
rights  pursuant to  paragraph  (a) of this  Section 23, and without any further
action and without any notice,  the right to exercise the Rights will  terminate
and the only right  thereafter  of the holders of Rights shall be to receive the
Redemption Price. Within ten (10) days after the effective time of the action of
the Board ordering the  redemption of the Rights,  the Company shall give notice
of such redemption to the holders of the then outstanding Rights by mailing such
notice to all such  holders  at their last  addresses  as they  appear  upon the
registry books of the Rights Agent,  or prior to the  Distribution  Date, on the
registry books of the transfer  agent for the Common Stock.  Any notice which is
mailed in the manner herein  provided shall be deemed given,  whether or not the
holder receives such notice.  Each notice of redemption will state the method by
which payment of the Redemption  Price will be made. At the option of the Board,
the  Redemption  Price  may be paid in cash  to  each  Rights  holder  or by the
issuance of shares (and,  at the  Company's  election  pursuant to Section 14(b)
hereof,  cash or  depositary  receipts in lieu of fractions of shares other than
fractions which are integral  multiples of one one-hundredth  (1/100) of a share
or,  if a  Right  shall  then be  exercisable  for a  fraction  other  than  one
one-hundredth  of a share,  integral  multiples  of that  fraction) of Preferred
Stock having a Fair Market Value equal to such cash payment.

         (c) In the event the  Company  shall at any time after the date of this
Rights Agreement (A) pay any dividend on Common Stock in shares of Common Stock,
(B)  subdivide  or split the  outstanding  shares of Common Stock into a greater
number of shares or (C) combine or consolidate the outstanding  shares of Common
Stock  into a  smaller  number  of  shares  or  effect  a  reverse  split of the
outstanding shares of Common Stock, then, and in each such event, the Redemption
Price  shall be  adjusted  so that the  Redemption  Price after such event shall
equal the  Redemption  Price  immediately  prior to such event  multiplied  by a
fraction,  the  numerator  of which is the  number of  shares  of  Common  Stock
outstanding  immediately prior to such event and the denominator of which is the
number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event.

         Section 24.  Exchange.

         (a) The Board may, at its option (provided at the time of such election
by the Board there are then in office not less than two Continuing Directors and
such  election is approved by a majority  of the  Continuing  Directors  then in
office), at any time after any Person becomes an Acquiring Person,  exchange all
or part of the then outstanding and exercisable  Rights  (excluding  Rights that
have become void  pursuant to the  provisions of Section  11(a)(ii)  hereof) for
shares of Common  Stock,  with each  Right to be  exchanged  for such  number of
shares of Common  Stock as shall equal the result  obtained by dividing  (A) the
Exercise  Price by (B) the current  Fair  Market  Value of a share of the Common
Stock  (determined  pursuant to Section 11(d) hereof on the first  occurrence of
the event described in Section 11(a) (ii)) appropriately adjusted to reflect any
stock split, stock dividend or a similar transaction  occurring thereafter (such
exchange   ratio  is   hereinafter   referred  to  as  the  "Exchange   Ratio").
Notwithstanding  the foregoing,  the Board shall not be empowered to effect such
exchange at any time after any Person  (other than an Exempt  Person),  together
with all Affiliates and Associates of such Person,  becomes the Beneficial Owner
of shares of Common Stock  aggregating fifty percent (50%) or more of the shares
of Common Stock then outstanding.
<PAGE>

         (b)  Immediately  upon the Board's action  ordering the exchange of any
Rights  pursuant  to  paragraph  (a) of this  Section 24 and without any further
action and without any notice, the right to exercise such Rights shall terminate
and the only  right of a holder of such  rights  thereafter  shall be to receive
that number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of such Rights held by
such holder  multiplied by the Exchange  Ratio.  The Company shall promptly give
public notice of any such exchange; provided, however, that the failure to give,
or any defect in, such notice shall not affect the validity of such an exchange.
The  Company  promptly  shall mail a notice of any such  exchange  to all of the
registered holders of the Rights at their last addresses as they appear upon the
registry  books of the Rights Agent.  Any notice  mailed in accordance  herewith
shall be deemed  given,  whether or not the holder  receives  the  notice.  Each
notice of  exchange  will state the method by which the  exchange  of the Common
Stock for Rights will be effected and, in the event of any partial exchange, the
number of Rights which will be exchanged. Any partial exchange shall be effected
pro rata based on the number of Rights  (other than Rights that have become void
pursuant to the provisions of Section  11(a)(ii) hereof) held by each registered
Rights holder.

         (c) In the event that  there are  insufficient  shares of Common  Stock
authorized  but  unissued to permit any  exchange of Rights as  contemplated  in
accordance  with this Section 24, the Company  shall take all such action as may
be necessary to authorize  additional  shares of Common Stock for issuance  upon
exchange of the Rights. In the event the Company shall, after good faith effort,
be unable to take such action to authorize such  additional  number of shares of
Common Stock, the Company shall substitute,  for each share of Common Stock that
would  otherwise be issuable upon the exchange of Rights,  a number of shares of
Preferred Stock or a fraction thereof so that the Fair Market Value of one share
of Preferred  Stock  multiplied  by such number or fraction is equal to the Fair
Market  Value of one share of Common  Stock as of the date of  issuance  of such
shares of Preferred Stock or fraction thereof.

         (d) The Company  shall not be required to issue  fractions of shares of
Common Stock or to distribute  certificates which evidence  fractional shares of
Common Stock.  In lieu of fractional  shares of Common Stock,  the Company shall
pay to the registered  holders of the Right  certificates,  with regard to which
such fractional shares of Common Stock would otherwise be issuable, an amount in
cash equal to the same  fraction  of the Fair  Market  Value of a whole share of
Common  Stock.  For purposes of this  paragraph  (d), the Fair Market Value of a
whole share of Common  Stock  shall be the closing  price (as defined in Section
11(d)) of a share of Common Stock for the Trading Day  immediately  prior to the
date of exchange pursuant to this Section 24.

         Section 25.       Notice of Proposed Actions.

         (a) In case the Company,  after the Distribution Date, shall propose to
(i) effect any of the transactions  referred to in Section 11(a)(i) or 11(i), or
(ii) offer to the holders of record of its Common Stock  options,  warrants,  or
other rights to subscribe for or to purchase  shares of Common Stock  (including
any security  convertible  into or  exchangeable  for Common Stock) or shares of
stock of any class or any other securities,  options,  warrants,  convertible or
exchangeable securities or other rights, or (iii) effect any reclassification of

<PAGE>

its Preferred Stock or Common Stock or any recapitalization or reorganization of
the Company, or (iv) effect any consolidation,  merger with or into, exchange or
any sale or other  transfer  (or to permit  one or more of its  Subsidiaries  to
effect any sale or other transfer),  in one or more  transactions,  of more than
fifty  percent  (50%) of the  assets or  earning  power of the  Company  and its
Subsidiaries  (taken as a whole) to, any other Person or Persons,  or (v) effect
the  liquidation,  dissolution or winding up of the Company,  then, in each such
case, the Company shall give to each holder of record of a Right Certificate, in
accordance with Section 26 hereof,  notice of such proposed action,  which shall
specify the record  date for the  purposes  of such  transaction  referred to in
Section 11(a)(i) or 11(i) or such dividend or distribution, or the date on which
such reclassification,  recapitalization, reorganization, consolidation, merger,
sale or transfer of assets,  liquidation,  dissolution, or winding up is to take
place and the record date for determining  participation  therein by the holders
of record of Common Stock or Preferred  Stock,  if any such date is to be fixed,
and such  notice  shall be so given in the case of any action  covered by clause
(i) or (ii)  above  at  least  ten  (10)  days  prior  to the  Record  Date  for
determining  holders  of record of the  Preferred  Stock  for  purposes  of such
action,  and in the case of any such other action,  at least ten (10) days prior
to the date of the taking of such proposed  action or the date of  participation
therein by the holders of record of Common Stock or Preferred  Stock,  whichever
shall be the earlier.  The failure to give notice required by this Section 25 or
any defect therein shall not affect the legality or validity of the action taken
by the Company or the vote upon any such action.

         (b) In case any of the  transactions  referred to in Section  11(a)(i),
11(i) or 13 of this Rights  Agreement are proposed,  then, in any such case, the
Company  shall give to each  holder of Rights,  in  accordance  with  Section 26
hereof,  notice of the proposal of such transaction at least ten (10) days prior
to consummating such  transaction.  Such notice shall specify the proposed event
and the  consequences of the event to holders of Rights under Section  11(a)(i),
11(i) or 13 hereof,  as the case may be, and upon consummating such transaction,
shall similarly give notice thereof to each holder of Rights.

         Section  26.  Notices.  Notices or demands  authorized  by this  Rights
Agreement  to be given or made by the Rights Agent or by the holder of record of
any Right Certificate or Right to or on the Company shall be sufficiently  given
or made if sent by first class mail,  postage prepaid,  addressed (until another
address is filed in writing with the Rights Agent) as follows:

                                    NORTHWEST TELEPRODUCTIONS, INC.
                                    4000 West 76th Street
                                    Minneapolis, MN 55435
                                    Attention:  Chief Executive Officer

         Subject to the  provisions  of Section 21 hereof,  any notice or demand
authorized by this Rights Agreement to be given or made by the Company or by the
holder of record of any Right  Certificate  or Right to or on the  Rights  Agent
shall  be  sufficiently  given  or made if sent by  first  class  mail,  postage
prepaid,  addressed (until another address is filed in writing with the Company)
as follows:
<PAGE>

                                    AMERICAN  STOCK  TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY 
                                    40 Wall Street,  46th Floor 
                                    New York,  New York 10005

         Notices or demands  authorized by this Rights  Agreement to be given or
made by the  Company  or the  Rights  Agent to the holder of record of any Right
Certificate or Right shall be sufficiently  given or made if sent by first-class
mail, postage prepaid, addressed to such holder at the address of such holder as
shown on the registry books of the Company.

         Section 27.  Supplements and Amendments.  For as long as the Rights are
then  redeemable and except as provided in the last sentence of this Section 27,
the Company may, in its sole and absolute discretion, and the Rights Agent shall
if the  Company so directs,  supplement  or amend any  provision  of this Rights
Agreement  without the  approval of any holders of the Rights.  At any time when
the Rights are then  redeemable  and except as provided in the last  sentence of
this  Section 27, the Company may upon  approval by the Board  (provided  at the
time of such  approval  by the Board  there are then in office not less than two
Continuing  Directors  and such  approval  is  joined  in by a  majority  of the
Continuing  Directors then in office), and the Rights Agent shall if the Company
so directs,  supplement or amend this Rights  Agreement  without the approval of
any holders of the Right Certificates (i) to cure any ambiguity, (ii) to correct
or  supplement  any  provision  contained  herein  which  may  be  defective  or
inconsistent  with any  other  provisions  herein,  (iii) to  extend  the  Final
Expiration  Date or the period in which the Company  may redeem the  Rights,  or
(iv) to change or supplement  the  provisions  hereunder in any manner which the
Company may deem  necessary or desirable,  provided  that no such  supplement or
amendment pursuant to this clause shall materially adversely affect the interest
of the holders of the Right  Certificates.  Upon the  delivery of a  certificate
from an  appropriate  officer of the  Company  which  states  that the  proposed
supplement or amendment is in compliance  with the terms of this Section 27, the
Rights  Agent  shall  execute  such  supplement  or  amendment.  Notwithstanding
anything  contained in this Rights  Agreement to the contrary,  no supplement or
amendment shall be made which changes the Redemption  Price,  and supplements or
amendments  may be made  after the time that any  Person  becomes  an  Acquiring
Person (other than pursuant to a Qualifying Tender Offer) only if at the time of
the action of the Board approving such supplement or amendment there are then in
office not less than two Continuing  Directors and such  supplement or amendment
is approved by a majority of the Continuing Directors then in office.

         Section 28. Successors. All the covenants and provisions of this Rights
Agreement  by or for the benefit of the  Company or the Rights  Agent shall bind
and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns hereunder.

         Section 29. Benefits of this Rights  Agreement.  Nothing in this Rights
Agreement  shall be construed to give to any Person other than the Company,  the
Rights Agent and the registered holders of the Right Certificates (and, prior to
the Distribution  Date, the holders of Common Stock in their capacity as holders
of the Rights) any legal or equitable  right,  remedy or claim under this Rights

<PAGE>

Agreement; but this Rights Agreement shall be for the sole and exclusive benefit
of the  Company,  the  Rights  Agent  and the  registered  holders  of the Right
Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, the Common Stock).

         Section  30.  Severability.   If  any  term,  provision,   covenant  or
restriction  of  this  Rights   Agreement  is  held  by  a  court  of  competent
jurisdiction  or other  authority  to be  invalid,  void or  unenforceable,  the
remainder of the terms,  provisions,  covenants and  restrictions of this Rights
Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected,
impaired or invalidated.

         Section  31.  Governing  Law.  This  Rights  Agreement  and each  Right
Certificate  issued  hereunder  shall be deemed to be a contract  made under the
laws of the State of  Minnesota  and for all  purposes  shall be governed by and
construed and enforced in accordance  with the laws of such state  applicable to
contracts to be made and performed entirely within such state.

         Section 32. Counterparts.  This Rights Agreement may be executed in any
number of counterparts and each of such  counterparts  shall for all purposes be
deemed to be an original,  and all such counterparts  shall together  constitute
but one and the same instrument.

         Section 33. Descriptive  Headings.  Descriptive headings of the several
Sections of this Rights  Agreement are inserted for  convenience  only and shall
not  control or affect  the  meaning or  construction  of any of the  provisions
hereof.

         IN  WITNESS  WHEREOF,  the  parties  hereto  have  caused  this  Rights
Agreement to be duly executed, all as of the day and year first above written.

                                 NORTHWEST TELEPRODUCTIONS, INC.

                                 By:      /s/ Phillip A. Staden
                                    Its:  President and Chief Executive Officer

                                 AMERICAN STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY

                                 By:      /s/ H. J. Lemmer
                                    Its:   Vice President

Exhibits:

         A - Certificate of Designations of Series A Preferred Stock

         B - Summary of Rights to Purchase Shares of Series A Preferred Stock

         C - Form of Right Certificate


<PAGE>


(Exhibit A)
                           CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATIONS

                                       OF

                            SERIES A PREFERRED STOCK

                                       OF

                         NORTHWEST TELEPRODUCTIONS, INC.

                        (Pursuant to Chapter 302A of the
                       Minnesota Business Corporation Act)




         Northwest  Teleproductions,  Inc., a corporation organized and existing
under the Minnesota Business Corporation Act (hereinafter called the "Company"),
hereby  certifies  that the  following  resolution  was  adopted by the Board of
Directors of the Company at a meeting duly called and held on July 31, 1998:

         RESOLVED,  that, pursuant to the authority granted to and vested in the
Board of Directors of the Company  (hereinafter  called the "Board of Directors"
or the "Board") in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.4 of the Articles
of  Incorporation,  as amended to date  (hereinafter  called  the  "Articles  of
Incorporation"),  the Board of  Directors  hereby  creates a series of Preferred
Stock,  par value $.01 per share (the  "Preferred  Stock"),  of the  Company and
hereby  states the  designation  and number of  shares,  and fixes the  relative
rights, preferences, and limitations thereof as follows:

         Series A Preferred Stock:

         Section 1.  Designation and Amount.  The shares of such series shall be
designated as "Series A Preferred Stock" (the "Series A Preferred  Stock"),  and
the number of shares  constituting  the Series A  Preferred  Stock  shall be One
Hundred Thousand (100,000).  Such number of shares may be increased or decreased
by  resolution  of the Board of Directors;  provided,  that,  no decrease  shall
reduce the number of shares of Series A  Preferred  Stock to a number  less than
the number of shares then  outstanding  plus the number of shares  reserved  for
issuance upon the exercise of  outstanding  options,  rights or warrants or upon
the conversion of any outstanding  securities issued by the Company  convertible
into Series A Preferred Stock.

         Section 2.  Dividends and Distributions.

         (A) Subject to the rights of the holders of any shares of any series of
Preferred  Stock,  par value  $.01 per share  (the  "Preferred  Stock"),  of the

<PAGE>

Company or Preferred  Stock (or any similar stock) ranking prior and superior to
the Series A Preferred Stock with respect to dividends, the holders of shares of
Series A Preferred  Stock,  in preference  to the holders of Common  Stock,  par
value $.01 per share (the  "Common  Stock"),  of the  Company,  and of any other
junior  stock,  shall be entitled to  receive,  when,  as and if declared by the
Board of Directors  out of funds legally  available  for the purpose,  quarterly
dividends  payable  in cash on the  first  day of  March,  June,  September  and
December in each year (each such date being  referred to herein as a  "Quarterly
Dividend Payment Date"), commencing on the first Quarterly Dividend Payment Date
after the first issuance of a share or fraction of a share of Series A Preferred
Stock, in an amount per share (rounded to the nearest cent) equal to the greater
of (a) $1 or (b) subject to the provision for adjustment  hereinafter set forth,
100 times (as adjusted,  the "Dividend Multiple") the aggregate per share amount
of all cash dividends,  and 100 times the aggregate per share amount (payable in
kind) of all non-cash  dividends or other  distributions,  other than a dividend
payable in shares of Common Stock or a subdivision of the outstanding  shares of
Common Stock (by  reclassification  or otherwise),  declared on the Common Stock
since the immediately preceding Quarterly Dividend Payment Date or, with respect
to the first Quarterly  Dividend  Payment Date,  since the first issuance of any
share or  fraction  of a share of  Series A  Preferred  Stock.  In the event the
Company  shall at any time  declare  or pay any  dividend  on the  Common  Stock
payable in shares of Common Stock,  or effect a subdivision  or  combination  or
consolidation of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (by  reclassification or
otherwise)  into a greater or lesser number of shares of Common  Stock,  then in
each such case the  Dividend  Multiple  shall be  adjusted by  multiplying  such
amount by a fraction,  the  numerator of which is the number of shares of Common
Stock  outstanding  immediately after such event and the denominator of which is
the number of shares of Common Stock that were outstanding  immediately prior to
such event.

         (B) The Company shall declare a dividend or  distribution on the Series
A Preferred Stock as provided in paragraph (A) of this Section immediately after
it  declares a  dividend  or  distribution  on the Common  Stock  (other  than a
dividend  payable in shares of Common  Stock);  provided,  that, in the event no
dividend or distribution shall have been declared on the Common Stock during the
period  between any  Quarterly  Dividend  Payment  Date and the next  subsequent
Quarterly  Dividend  Payment  Date,  a dividend  of $1 per share on the Series A
Preferred  Stock  shall  nevertheless  be payable on such  subsequent  Quarterly
Dividend Payment Date.

         (C) Dividends  shall begin to accrue and be  cumulative on  outstanding
shares of Series A Preferred Stock from the Quarterly Dividend Payment Date next
preceding  the date of issue of such  shares,  unless  the date of issue of such
shares is prior to the  record  date for the first  Quarterly  Dividend  Payment
Date, in which case dividends on such shares shall begin to accrue from the date
of issue of such  shares,  or unless the date of issue is a  Quarterly  Dividend
Payment Date or is a date after the record date for the determination of holders
of shares of Series A Preferred  Stock entitled to receive a quarterly  dividend
and before such Quarterly  Dividend Payment Date, in either of which events such
dividends shall begin to accrue and be cumulative  from such Quarterly  Dividend
Payment Date.  Accrued but unpaid  dividends shall not bear interest.  Dividends
paid on the shares of Series A Preferred  Stock in an amount less than the total
amount of such dividends at the time accrued and payable on such shares shall be
allocated pro rata on a  share-by-share  basis among all such shares at the time

<PAGE>

outstanding.  The Board of Directors may fix a record date for the determination
of holders of shares of Series A Preferred  Stock entitled to receive payment of
a dividend or distribution declared thereon, which record date shall be not more
than sixty (60) days prior to the date fixed for the payment thereof.

         Section 3. Voting  Rights.  The holders of shares of Series A Preferred
Stock shall have the following voting rights:

                  (A) Subject to the provision for  adjustment  hereinafter  set
         forth,  each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall entitle the holder
         thereof to 100 votes (as adjusted,  the "Vote Multiple") on all matters
         submitted to a vote of the  stockholders  of the Company.  In the event
         the Company shall at any time declare or pay any dividend on the Common
         Stock  payable in shares of Common Stock,  or effect a  subdivision  or
         combination or consolidation of the outstanding  shares of Common Stock
         (by  reclassification  or otherwise) into a greater or lesser number of
         shares of Common Stock,  then in each such case the Vote Multiple shall
         be adjusted by multiplying such number by a fraction,  the numerator of
         which is the number of shares of Common Stock  outstanding  immediately
         after such event and the  denominator  of which is the number of shares
         of Common Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to such event.

                  (B) Except as otherwise  provided in Section 10 hereof, in any
         other Certificate of Designations  creating a series of Preferred Stock
         or any  similar  stock,  or by law,  the  holders of shares of Series A
         Preferred Stock and the holders of shares of Common Stock and any other
         capital stock of the Company  having  general  voting rights shall vote
         together  as  one  class  on  all  matters   submitted  to  a  vote  of
         stockholders of the Company.

                  (C) Except as set forth  herein,  or as otherwise  provided by
         law,  holders of Series A Preferred  Stock shall have no special voting
         rights and their  consent  shall not be required  (except to the extent
         they are  entitled  to vote with  holders of Common  Stock as set forth
         herein) for taking any corporate action.

         Section 4.        Certain Restrictions.

                  (A)  Whenever  quarterly   dividends  or  other  dividends  or
         distributions  payable on the Series A  Preferred  Stock as provided in
         Section 2 are in arrears,  thereafter  and until all accrued and unpaid
         dividends  and  distributions,  whether or not  declared,  on shares of
         Series A Preferred Stock  outstanding shall have been paid in full, the
         Company shall not:

                           (i)  declare  or pay  dividends,  or make  any  other
                  distributions,  on any shares of stock ranking  junior (either
                  as to dividends or upon  liquidation,  dissolution  or winding
                  up) to the Series A Preferred Stock;

                           (ii)  declare  or pay  dividends,  or make any  other
                  distributions,  on any  shares  of stock  ranking  on a parity
                  (either as to dividends or upon  liquidation,  dissolution  or
                  winding  up)  with  the  Series  A  Preferred  Stock,   except

<PAGE>

                  dividends paid ratably on the Series A Preferred Stock and all
                  such parity stock on which dividends are payable or in arrears
                  in proportion to the total amounts to which the holders of all
                  such shares are then entitled;

                           (iii)  redeem or  purchase or  otherwise  acquire for
                  consideration shares of any stock ranking junior (either as to
                  dividends or upon  liquidation,  dissolution or winding up) to
                  the Series A Preferred Stock, provided that the Company may at
                  any time redeem,  purchase or otherwise  acquire shares of any
                  such junior  stock in exchange  for shares of any stock of the
                  Company ranking junior (as to dividends and upon  dissolution,
                  liquidation  and winding up) to the Series A Preferred  Stock;
                  or

                           (iv)  redeem or  purchase  or  otherwise  acquire for
                  consideration  any shares of Series A Preferred  Stock, or any
                  shares of stock ranking on a parity (either as to dividends or
                  upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) with the Series A
                  Preferred  Stock,  except in accordance  with a purchase offer
                  made in writing or by publication (as determined by the Board)
                  to all  holders of such  shares  upon such terms as the Board,
                  after  consideration  of the respective  annual dividend rates
                  and other  relative  rights and  preferences of the respective
                  series and classes,  shall determine in good faith will result
                  in fair and equitable treatment among the respective series or
                  classes.

                  (B) The Company shall not permit any subsidiary of the Company
         to purchase or otherwise  acquire for consideration any shares of stock
         of the Company  unless the Company could,  under  paragraph (A) of this
         Section 4,  purchase or otherwise  acquire such shares at such time and
         in such manner.

         Section 5.  Reacquired  Shares.  Any shares of Series A Preferred Stock
purchased or otherwise acquired by the Company in any manner whatsoever shall be
retired and cancelled  promptly after the acquisition  thereof.  All such shares
shall upon their cancellation become authorized but unissued shares of Preferred
Stock and may be reissued as part of a new series of Preferred  Stock subject to
the conditions and restrictions on issuance set forth herein, in the Articles of
Incorporation,  or in any other Certificate of Designations creating a series of
Preferred Stock or any similar stock or as otherwise required by law.

         Section  6.   Liquidation,   Dissolution   or  Winding   Up.  Upon  any
liquidation,  dissolution or winding up of the Company, no distribution shall be
made  (A) to the  holders  of  shares  of stock  ranking  junior  (either  as to
dividends  or upon  liquidation,  dissolution  or  winding  up) to the  Series A
Preferred  Stock  unless,  prior  thereto,  the  holders  of  shares of Series A
Preferred  Stock shall have received the greater of (i) $100 per share,  plus an
amount equal to accrued and unpaid dividends and distributions thereon,  whether
or not declared,  to the date of such payment,  or (ii) subject to the provision
for adjustment  hereinafter set forth, 100 times (as adjusted,  the "Liquidation
Preference  Multiple")  the  aggregate  amount  to be  distributed  per share to
holders  of shares of Common  Stock,  or (B) to the  holders  of shares of stock
ranking on a parity (either as to dividends or upon liquidation,  dissolution or
winding up) with the Series A Preferred Stock, except distributions made ratably

<PAGE>

on the Series A Preferred  Stock and all such parity stock in  proportion to the
total  amounts to which the  holders of all such shares are  entitled  upon such
liquidation,  dissolution  or winding up. In the event the Company  shall at any
time declare or pay any dividend on the Common Stock payable in shares of Common
Stock,  or  effect  a  subdivision  or  combination  or   consolidation  of  the
outstanding  shares of Common Stock (by  reclassification  or otherwise)  into a
greater or lesser number of shares of Common  Stock,  then in each such case the
Liquidation  Preference Multiple shall be adjusted by multiplying such amount by
a  fraction  the  numerator  of which is the  number of  shares of Common  Stock
outstanding  immediately  after such event and the  denominator  of which is the
number of shares of Common Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to such
event.

         Section 7. Consolidation,  Merger, Etc. In case the Company shall enter
into  any  consolidation,   merger,  statutory  exchange  combination  or  other
transaction  in which the shares of Common  Stock are  exchanged  for or changed
into other stock or securities, cash and/or any other property, then in any such
case each share of Series A Preferred  Stock shall at the same time be similarly
exchanged  or changed  into an amount per share,  subject to the  provision  for
adjustment hereinafter set forth, equal to 100 times (as adjusted, the "Exchange
Multiple")  the  aggregate  amount of stock,  securities,  cash and/or any other
property  (payable  in kind),  as the case may be,  into which or for which each
share of Common Stock is changed or exchanged. In the event the Company shall at
any time declare or pay any  dividend on the Common  Stock  payable in shares of
Common Stock,  or effect a subdivision or combination  or  consolidation  of the
outstanding  shares of Common Stock (by  reclassification  or otherwise)  into a
greater or lesser number of shares of Common  Stock,  then in each such case the
Exchange  Multiple shall be adjusted by  multiplying  such amount by a fraction,
the  numerator  of which is the  number of shares  of Common  Stock  outstanding
immediately  after  such  event and the  denominator  of which is the  number of
shares of Common Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to such event.

         Section 8. No Redemption.  The shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall
not be redeemable.

         Section 9. Rank. The Series A Preferred  Stock shall rank, with respect
to the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets, junior to all series
of any other class of Preferred Stock hereafter issued that specifically provide
that they shall rank senior to the Series A Preferred Stock.

         Section 10.  Amendment.  If any  proposed  amendment to the Articles of
Incorporation  or this  Certificate  of  Designation  would  alter or change the
preferences,  special rights or powers given to the Series A Preferred  Stock so
as to affect the Series A Preferred  Stock  adversely,  or would  authorize  the
issuance  of a class or  classes  of stock  having  preferences  or rights  with
respect to dividends or dissolutions or the distribution of assets that would be
superior to the preferences or rights of the Series A Preferred Stock,  then the
holders of the Series A  Preferred  Stock  shall be entitled to vote as a series
upon such amendment,  and the affirmative  vote of two-thirds of the outstanding
shares of Series A Preferred  Stock shall be necessary to the adoption  thereof,
in  addition to such other vote as may be  required  by the  Minnesota  Business
Corporation Act.


<PAGE>

         Section 11. Fractional  Shares.  Series A Preferred Stock may be issued
in fractions of a share which shall  entitle the holder,  in  proportion to such
holder's  fractional  shares,  to exercise  voting  rights,  receive  dividends,
participate  in  distributions  and to have the  benefit of all other  rights of
holders of Series A Preferred Stock.

         I  certify  that  I  am  authorized  to  execute  this  Certificate  of
Designations,  and I further  certify  that I  understand  that by signing  this
Certificate  I am subject to the  penalties of perjury as set forth in Minnesota
Statutes, Section 609.48, as if I had signed this Certificate under oath.


Dated:  August 3, 1998

                                     /s/ Phillip A. Staden
                                   Phillip A. Staden, President and
                                     Chief Executive Officer


<PAGE>


(Exhibit B)



                          SUMMARY OF RIGHTS TO PURCHASE
                       SHARES OF SERIES A PREFERRED STOCK


         On July 31, 1998, the Board of Directors of Northwest  Teleproductions,
Inc. (the  "Company")  declared a dividend of one preferred stock purchase right
(a "Right") for each outstanding share of common stock, par value $.01 per share
(the "Common Stock"), of the Company. The dividend is payable on August 14, 1998
(the  "Record  Date") to the  stockholders  of record on that  date.  Each Right
entitles the registered holder to purchase from the Company one one-hundredth of
a share of Series A Preferred  Stock,  par value $.01 per share (the  "Preferred
Stock"),  of the  Company  at a  price  of  $11.00  per one  one-hundredth  of a
Preferred Share (the "Exercise Price"),  subject to adjustment.  The description
and terms of the Rights are set forth in the Rights  Agreement  dated as of July
31,  1998 (the  "Rights  Agreement")  between the  Company  and  American  Stock
Transfer & Trust Company, as Rights Agent (the "Rights Agent").

         Until the earlier of (i) 10 days following a public announcement by the
Company or a person or group of affiliated or associated  persons (an "Acquiring
Person") that such an Acquiring Person has acquired beneficial  ownership of 15%
or more of the outstanding  Common Stock or (ii) 10 business days (or such later
date as may be determined by action of the Board of Directors prior to such time
as any  person or group of  affiliated  persons  becomes  an  Acquiring  Person)
following the commencement of, or announcement of an intention to make, a tender
offer or exchange offer the consummation of which would result in the beneficial
ownership  by a person or group of 15% or more of the  outstanding  Common Stock
(the earlier of such dates being  called the  "Distribution  Date"),  the Rights
will  be  evidenced,  with  respect  to  any of the  Common  Stock  certificates
outstanding as of the Record Date, by such Common Stock  certificate with a copy
of this Summary of Rights attached thereto.

         The Rights Agreement  provides that,  until the  Distribution  Date (or
earlier redemption or expiration of the Rights), the Rights will be transferable
with and only with the Common  Stock.  Until the  Distribution  Date (or earlier
redemption or expiration of the Rights),  new Common Stock  certificates  issued
after the Record Date upon  transfer or new  issuance of shares of Common  Stock
will contain a notation  incorporating the Rights Agreement by reference.  Until
the Distribution Date (or earlier  redemption or expiration of the Rights),  the
surrender  for  transfer  of  any   certificates  for  shares  of  Common  Stock
outstanding as of the Record Date,  even without such notation or a copy of this
Summary of Rights being attached  thereto,  will also constitute the transfer of
the  Rights  associated  with the  shares of Common  Stock  represented  by such
certificate.  As soon as practicable  following the Distribution Date,  separate
certificates  evidencing  the Rights  ("Right  Certificates")  will be mailed to
holders  of  record  of the  Common  Stock as of the  close of  business  on the
Distribution Date and such separate Right  Certificates  alone will evidence the
Rights.
<PAGE>

         The Rights are not exercisable until the Distribution  Date. The Rights
will  expire on July 31, 2008 (the "Final  Expiration  Date"),  unless the Final
Expiration  Date is extended  or unless the Rights are  earlier  redeemed by the
Company, as described below.

         The Exercise  Price  payable,  and/or the number of shares of Preferred
Stock or other securities or property issuable,  upon exercise of the Rights are
subject to adjustment from time to time to prevent  dilution (i) in the event of
a stock dividend on, or a subdivision,  combination or  reclassification  of, or
certain  distributions  on, the Common  Stock,  (ii) the  issuance to holders of
Preferred  Stock of certain  rights or  warrants  to  subscribe  for or purchase
Preferred Stock at a price, or securities  convertible into Preferred Stock with
a conversion  price,  less than the then current  market price of the  Preferred
Stock or (iii)  upon the  distribution  to  holders  of the  Preferred  Stock of
evidences of indebtedness or assets (other than regular periodic cash dividends)
or of subscription rights or warrants.

         Preferred  Stock  purchasable  upon  exercise of the Rights will not be
redeemable.  Each  share  of  Preferred  Stock  will be  entitled  to a  minimum
preferential  quarterly dividend payment of $1 per share but will be entitled to
an  aggregate  dividend of 100 times the  dividend  declared per share of Common
Stock. In the event of  liquidation,  the holders of the Preferred Stock will be
entitled  to a minimum  preferential  liquidation  payment of $100 per share but
will be entitled to an aggregate payment of 100 times the payment made per share
of Common  Stock.  Each share of  Preferred  Stock  will have 100 votes,  voting
together  with  the  Common  Stock.   Finally,  in  the  event  of  any  merger,
consolidation  or other  transaction  in which Common Stock is  exchanged,  each
share of  Preferred  Stock  will be  entitled  to  receive  100 times the amount
received  per share of Common  Stock.  These  rights are  protected by customary
anti-dilution provisions.

         Because of the nature of the Preferred  Stock's  dividend,  liquidation
and voting rights,  the value of the one  one-hundredth  of a share of Preferred
Stock  purchasable  upon exercise of each Right should  approximate the value of
one share of Common Stock.

         In the event  that any  person  or group of  affiliated  or  associated
persons becomes an Acquiring Person, proper provision shall be made so that each
holder of a Right, other than Rights  beneficially owned by the Acquiring Person
(which will thereafter be void),  will thereafter have the right to receive upon
exercise  that number of shares of Preferred  Stock having a market value of two
(2) times the Exercise Price of the Right. In the event that,  after a person or
group has become an  Acquiring  Person,  the  Company is acquired in a merger or
other  business  combination  transaction  or fifty percent (50%) or more of its
consolidated  assets or earning power are sold, proper provision will be made so
that  each  registered  holder  of a Right  will  thereafter  have the  right to
receive,  upon the exercise  thereof at the then current  Exercise  Price of the
Right,  that number of shares of common stock of the acquiring  company which at
the time of such  transaction  will  have a market  value of two (2)  times  the
Exercise Price of the Right.

         At any time after any person or group  becomes an Acquiring  Person and
prior to the  acquisition by such person or group of fifty percent (50%) or more

<PAGE>

of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, the Board of Directors of the Company
may exchange  the Rights  (except the Rights owned by such person or group which
will have become void), in whole or in part, with each Right to be exchanged for
the  number of shares of Common  Stock as shall  equal the  result  obtained  by
dividing the then current  Exercise Price by the then market value of a share of
Common Stock.  This exchange  ratio is subject to further  adjustment to reflect
any stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions  occurring thereafter.
If there are  insufficient  shares of Common  Stock  authorized  but unissued to
permit the Company to complete  any  exchange  of the Rights,  the Company  may,
under  certain  circumstances,  substitute  for each share of Common  Stock that
would otherwise be issued upon such exchange of the Rights,  shares of Preferred
Stock with market  value equal to the market value of the shares of Common Stock
that would otherwise be issuable upon such exchange of the Rights.

         No  fractional  shares of  Preferred  Stock will be issued  (other than
fractions  which  are  integral  multiples  of one  one-hundredth  of a share of
Preferred  Stock or, if a Right shall then be  exercisable  for a fraction other
than one one-hundredth of a share, integral multiples of that fraction, which in
either case may, at the  election of the Company,  be  evidenced  by  depositary
receipts) and in lieu  thereof,  an adjustment in cash will be made based on the
fair market value of the shares of Preferred Stock on the date of exercise.

         At any time prior to ten days  (subject  to  extension  by the Board of
Directors of the Company)  after the time an Acquiring  Person becomes such, the
Board of Directors  may redeem the Rights in whole,  but not in part, at a price
of $.001 per Right,  subject to adjustment for stock splits,  stock dividends or
similar transactions, (the "Redemption Price"). The redemption of the Rights may
be made  effective at such time,  on such basis and with such  conditions as the
Board of Directors in its sole  discretion may establish.  The right to exercise
the Rights will terminate immediately upon any redemption of the Rights, and the
only right of the holders of Rights will be to receive the Redemption Price.

         The terms of the Rights may be amended by the Board of Directors of the
Company without the consent of the holders of the Rights.

         Until a Right is exercised,  the holder thereof,  as such, will have no
rights as a stockholder of the Company, including, without limitation, the right
to vote or to receive dividends.

         A copy of the Rights  Agreement has been filed with the  Securities and
Exchange Commission as an exhibit to a Registration  Statement on Form 8-A dated
August 14, 1998. A copy of the Rights Agreement is available free of charge from
the  Company.  This  summary  description  of the Rights  does not purport to be
complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Rights  Agreement,
which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.


<PAGE>


(Exhibit C)


                           [Form of Right Certificate]


Certificate No. R-_______                                         _______ Rights


NOT EXERCISABLE  AFTER JULY 31, 2008 OR EARLIER IF REDEEMED BY THE COMPANY.  THE
RIGHTS ARE SUBJECT TO  REDEMPTION,  AT THE OPTION OF THE  COMPANY,  AT $.001 PER
RIGHT (SUBJECT TO  ADJUSTMENT)  ON THE TERMS SET FORTH IN THE RIGHTS  AGREEMENT.
UNDER CERTAIN  CIRCUMSTANCES SET FORTH IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT,  RIGHTS THAT ARE
BENEFICIALLY  OWNED  BY,  OR WERE  ACQUIRED  FROM,  AN  ACQUIRING  PERSON  OR AN
AFFILIATE OR ASSOCIATE OF AN ACQUIRING  PERSON (AS SUCH TERMS ARE DEFINED IN THE
RIGHTS AGREEMENT) SHALL BECOME NULL AND VOID.

                                Right Certificate

                         NORTHWEST TELEPRODUCTIONS, INC.


         This certifies that ____________________, or registered assigns, is the
registered owner of the number of Rights set forth above,  each of which entitle
the holder to thereof,  subject to the terms,  provisions  and conditions of the
Rights Agreement,  dated as of July 31, 1998 (the "Rights  Agreement"),  between
NORTHWEST  TELEPRODUCTIONS,  INC., a Minnesota corporation (the "Company"),  and
AMERICAN STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY (the "Rights  Agent"),  to purchase from
the  Company at any time after the  Distribution  Date (as defined in the Rights
Agreement)  and prior to 5:00 P.M.  (Minneapolis  time) on July 31,  2008 at the
office or  offices of the  Rights  Agent  designated  for such  purpose,  or its
successors   as  Rights   Agent,   one-hundredth   (1/100)  of  a  fully   paid,
non-assessable  share of Series A Preferred Stock (the "Preferred Stock") of the
Company, at a purchase price of $11.00 per one-hundredth (1/100) of a share (the
"Exercise  Price"),  upon  presentation and surrender of this Right  Certificate
with the Form of Election to Purchase and related Certificate duly executed.

         The  number of Rights  evidenced  by this  Right  Certificate  (and the
number of shares which may be purchased upon exercise  thereof) set forth above,
and the Exercise Price set forth above,  are the number and Exercise Price as of
July 31, 1998,  based on the  Preferred  Stock as  constituted  at such date. As
provided in the Rights Agreement,  the Exercise Price and the number and kind of
shares of Preferred  Stock or other  securities  which may be purchased upon the
exercise  of the Rights  evidenced  by this  Right  Certificate  are  subject to
adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events.


<PAGE>

         This Right  Certificate is subject to all of the terms,  provisions and
conditions of the Rights Agreement,  which terms,  provisions and conditions are
hereby  incorporated  herein by  reference  and made a part  hereof and to which
Rights Agreement  reference is hereby made for a full description of the rights,
limitations  of rights,  obligations,  duties and  immunities  hereunder  of the
Rights  Agent,  the  Company and the  holders of the Right  Certificates,  which
limitations of rights include the temporary  suspension of the exercisability of
such Rights under the specific  circumstances set forth in the Rights Agreement.
Copies of the Rights Agreement are on file at the above-mentioned  office of the
Rights Agent and are also available upon written request to the Rights Agent.

         This Right Certificate, with or without other Right Certificates,  upon
surrender at the principal  office or offices of the Rights Agent designated for
such  purpose,   may  be  exchanged  for  another  Right  Certificate  or  Right
Certificates  of like tenor and date evidencing  Rights  entitling the holder to
purchase a like aggregate number of one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock
as  the  Rights  evidenced  by  the  Right  Certificate  or  Right  Certificates
surrendered  shall  have  entitled  such  holder  to  purchase.  If  this  Right
Certificate  shall be exercised in part, the holder shall be entitled to receive
upon surrender  hereof another Right  Certificate or Right  Certificates for the
number of whole Rights unexercised.

         Subject to the provisions of the Rights Agreement, the Rights evidenced
by this  Certificate  (i) may be  redeemed  by the  Company  at its  option at a
redemption  price of $.001 per Right,  subject to  adjustment as provided in the
Rights  Agreement,  at any time prior to the earlier of the close of business on
(A) the tenth day following the Stock  Acquisition Date (such time period may be
extended  pursuant to the Rights Agreement) or (B) the Final Expiration Date (as
defined in the Rights Agreement), and (ii) may, at the option of the Company, be
exchanged  in whole or in part for  Preferred  Stock or shares of the  Company's
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share.

         No  fractional  shares  of  Preferred  Stock  will be  issued  upon the
exercise of any Right or Rights evidenced hereby (other than fractions which are
integral  multiples of one  one-hundredth of a share of Preferred Stock or, if a
Right shall then be exercisable for a fraction other than one one-hundredth of a
share,  integral  multiples of that  fraction,  which in either case may, at the
election of the  Company,  be  evidenced by  depositary  receipts),  but in lieu
thereof a cash payment will be made, as provided in the Rights Agreement.

         No holder of this Right Certificate, as such, shall be entitled to vote
or  receive  dividends  or be deemed  for any  purpose  the  holder of shares of
Preferred Stock or of any other  securities of the Company which may at any time
be issuable on the exercise hereof,  nor shall anything  contained in the Rights
Agreement or herein be construed to confer upon the holder hereof,  as such, any
of the  rights  of a  stockholder  of the  Company  or any right to vote for the
election  of  directors  or upon any matter  submitted  to  stockholders  at any
meeting thereof,  or to give or withhold consent to any corporate action, or, to
receive notice of meetings or other actions  affecting  stockholders  (except as
provided  in the Rights  Agreement),  or to receive  dividends  or  subscription
rights,  or  otherwise,  until  the  Right or  Rights  evidenced  by this  Right
Certificate shall have been exercised as provided in the Rights Agreement.


<PAGE>

         From and after the first  occurrence  of an event  described in Section
11(a)(ii)  of  the  Rights  Agreement,   any  Rights  evidenced  by  this  Right
Certificate that are Beneficially Owned by an Acquiring Person, any Associate or
Affiliate of such Acquiring Person or certain  transferees of any such Acquiring
Person (or of any such Associate or Affiliate) (as such terms are defined in the
Rights  Agreement)  shall be null and void without further action and any holder
of such Rights shall  thereafter have no rights  whatsoever with respect to such
Rights.

         This Right Certificate shall not be valid or obligatory for any purpose
until it shall have been countersigned by the Rights Agent.


         WITNESS the facsimile  signature of the proper  officers of the Company
and its corporate seal.

Dated as of _________________, ______.


ATTEST:                                     NORTHWEST TELEPRODUCTIONS, INC.


By: _______________________________         By:_______________________________
   Its:                                        Its:


Countersigned:

AMERICAN STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY
as Rights Agent


By:_______________________________
   Authorized Signature





<PAGE>


   
                   [Form of Reverse Side of Right Certificate]


                               FORM OF ASSIGNMENT


                (To be executed by the registered holder if such
               holder desires to transfer the Right Certificate.)


FOR VALUE RECEIVED _____________________________________________
hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto

      _____________________________________________________________  
                  (Please print name and address of transferee)
      _____________________________________________________________

this Right Certificate, together with all right, title and interest therein, and
does hereby irrevocably  constitute and appoint  _________________  Attorney, to
transfer the within Right Certificate on the books of the within-named  Company,
with full power of substitution.

THE  UNDERSIGNED  HEREBY  CERTIFIES  that the  Rights  evidenced  by this  Right
Certificate  are not  beneficially  owned by,  and were not  acquired  from,  an
Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate  thereof (as defined in the Rights
Agreement).

Dated: _______________, ____


                                    ________________________________
                                    Signature


THE SIGNATURES TO THIS FORM OF ASSIGNMENT MUST CORRESPOND TO THE NAME AS WRITTEN
UPON THE FACE OF THIS RIGHT CERTIFICATE IN EVERY PARTICULAR,  WITHOUT ALTERATION
OR ENLARGEMENT OR ANY CHANGE WHATSOEVER,  AND MUST BE MEDALLION GUARANTEED BY AN
ELIGIBLE  INSTITUTION  AS  DEFINED  IN SECTION  240.17  Ad-15 OF THE  SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.





<PAGE>


            [Form of Reverse Side of Right Certificate -- continued]

                          FORM OF ELECTION TO PURCHASE

                  (To be executed if holder desires to exercise
                  Rights represented by the Right Certificate)

To NORTHWEST TELEPRODUCTIONS, INC.

         The  undersigned  hereby  irrevocably  elects to  exercise  ___________
Rights  represented by this Right  Certificate  to purchase the Preferred  Stock
issuable upon exercise of such Rights and requests  that  certificates  for such
Preferred Stock be issued in the name of:

Please insert social security
or other identifying number    _____________________

        _______________________________________________________
                         (Please print name and address)
        _______________________________________________________

If such  number of Rights  shall not be all the Rights  evidenced  by this Right
Certificate,  a new Right  Certificate for the balance  remaining of such Rights
shall be registered in the name of and delivered to:

        _______________________________________________________
                         (Please print name and address)
        _______________________________________________________

THE  UNDERSIGNED  HEREBY  CERTIFIES  that the  Rights  evidenced  by this  Right
Certificate  are not  beneficially  owned by,  and were not  acquired  from,  an
Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate  thereof (as defined in the Rights
Agreement).

Dated:  __________________, ______

                                    ______________________________
                                    Signature

THE SIGNATURES TO THIS FORM OF ELECTION TO PURCHASE MUST  CORRESPOND TO THE NAME
AS WRITTEN UPON THE FACE OF THIS RIGHT CERTIFICATE IN EVERY PARTICULAR,  WITHOUT
ALTERATION  OR  ENLARGEMENT  OR ANY  CHANGE  WHATSOEVER,  AND MUST BE  MEDALLION
GUARANTEED BY AN ELIGIBLE  INSTITUTION AS DEFINED IN SECTION 240.17 Ad-15 OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.





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