PACIFIC PHARMACEUTICALS INC
SC 13D/A, 1998-09-29
IN VITRO & IN VIVO DIAGNOSTIC SUBSTANCES
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                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

                             WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

                                  SCHEDULE 13D
                                (Amendment No. 2)

                    Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

                          Pacific Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
                             (f/k/a Xytronyx, Inc.)
                             ----------------------
                                (Name of Issuer)

                     Common Stock, par value $.02 per share
                     --------------------------------------
                         (Title of Class of Securities)

                                    694754102
                                    ---------
                                 (CUSIP Number)

                    Paramount Capital Asset Management, Inc.
                         c/o Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.
                               787 Seventh Avenue
                               New York, NY 10019
                                 (212) 554-4300

                              David R. Walner, Esq.
                    Paramount Capital Asset Management, Inc.
                               787 Seventh Avenue
                               New York, NY 10019
                                 (212) 554-4372
         ---------------------------------------------------------------
            (Name, Address and Telephone Number of Person Authorized
                     to Receive Notices and Communications)

                                 August 27, 1998

             (Date of Event which Requires Filing of this Statement)

If the filing person has previously  filed a statement on Schedule 13G to report
the  acquisition  which  is the  subject  of  this  Statement  because  of  Rule
13d-1(b)(3) or (4), check the following: |_|


<PAGE>
                                  SCHEDULE 13D
CUSIP No. 694754102                                           Page 3 of 16 Pages
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1)  NAME OF REPORTING PERSON
    S.S. OR I.R.S. IDENTIFICATION NO. OF ABOVE PERSON
    Paramount Capital Asset Management, Inc.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)  CHECK THE APPROPRIATE BOX IF A MEMBER OF A GROUP (a)   [_]
                                                     (b)   [_]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3)  SEC USE ONLY

- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4)  SOURCE OF FUNDS*
    OO (see Item 3 below)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5)  CHECK BOX IF DISCLOSURE OF LEGAL PROCEEDINGS IS REQUIRED PURSUANT TO 
    ITEMS 2(d) OR 2(e)                                                [_]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6)  CITIZENSHIP OR PLACE OF ORGANIZATION
    Delaware
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   7)   SOLE VOTING POWER
                        None
  NUMBER OF         
    SHARES        --------------------------------------------------------------
 BENEFICIALLY      8)   SHARED VOTING POWER
   OWNED BY             6,597,064
EACH REPORTING      
    PERSON        --------------------------------------------------------------
     WITH          9)   SOLE DISPOSITIVE POWER
                        None
                  --------------------------------------------------------------
                  10)   SHARED DISPOSITIVE POWER
                        6,597,064
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11)      AGGREGATE  AMOUNT  BENEFICIALLY  OWNED BY EACH REPORTING PERSON 
         6,597,064
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12)      CHECK BOX IF THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT IN ROW (11) EXCLUDES CERTAIN
         SHARES*                                                 [_]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13)      PERCENT OF CLASS REPRESENTED BY AMOUNT IN ROW (11)
         36.6%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14)      TYPE OF REPORTING PERSON*
         CO
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                       2


<PAGE>

                                  SCHEDULE 13D
CUSIP No. 694754102                                           Page 4 of 16 Pages
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1)  NAME OF REPORTING PERSON
    S.S. OR I.R.S. IDENTIFICATION NO. OF ABOVE PERSON
    Aries Domestic Fund, L.P.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)  CHECK THE APPROPRIATE BOX IF A MEMBER OF A GROUP (a)   [_]
                                                     (b)   [_]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3)  SEC USE ONLY

- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4)  SOURCE OF FUNDS*
    OO (see Item 3 below)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5)  CHECK BOX IF DISCLOSURE OF LEGAL PROCEEDINGS IS REQUIRED PURSUANT TO 
    ITEMS 2(d) OR 2(e)                                                [_]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6)  CITIZENSHIP OR PLACE OF ORGANIZATION
    Delaware
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   7)   SOLE VOTING POWER
                        None
  NUMBER OF         
    SHARES        --------------------------------------------------------------
 BENEFICIALLY      8)   SHARED VOTING POWER
   OWNED BY             2,339,769
EACH REPORTING      
    PERSON        --------------------------------------------------------------
     WITH          9)   SOLE DISPOSITIVE POWER
                        None
                  --------------------------------------------------------------
                  10)   SHARED DISPOSITIVE POWER
                        2,339,769
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11)      AGGREGATE  AMOUNT  BENEFICIALLY  OWNED BY EACH REPORTING PERSON 
         2,339,769
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12)      CHECK BOX IF THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT IN ROW (11) EXCLUDES CERTAIN
         SHARES*                                                 [_]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13)      PERCENT OF CLASS REPRESENTED BY AMOUNT IN ROW (11)
         19.2%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14)      TYPE OF REPORTING PERSON*
         PN
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                       3


<PAGE>
                                  SCHEDULE 13D
CUSIP No. 694754102                                           Page 5 of 16 Pages
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1)  NAME OF REPORTING PERSON
    S.S. OR I.R.S. IDENTIFICATION NO. OF ABOVE PERSON
    The Aries Trust
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)  CHECK THE APPROPRIATE BOX IF A MEMBER OF A GROUP (a)   [_]
                                                     (b)   [_]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3)  SEC USE ONLY

- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4)  SOURCE OF FUNDS*
    OO (see Item 3 below)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5)  CHECK BOX IF DISCLOSURE OF LEGAL PROCEEDINGS IS REQUIRED PURSUANT TO 
    ITEMS 2(d) OR 2(e)                                                [_]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6)  CITIZENSHIP OR PLACE OF ORGANIZATION
    Cayman Islands
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   7)   SOLE VOTING POWER
                        None
  NUMBER OF         
    SHARES        --------------------------------------------------------------
 BENEFICIALLY      8)   SHARED VOTING POWER
   OWNED BY             4,197,295
EACH REPORTING      
    PERSON        --------------------------------------------------------------
     WITH          9)   SOLE DISPOSITIVE POWER
                        None
                  --------------------------------------------------------------
                  10)   SHARED DISPOSITIVE POWER
                        4,197,295
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11)      AGGREGATE  AMOUNT  BENEFICIALLY  OWNED BY EACH REPORTING PERSON 
         4,197,295
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12)      CHECK BOX IF THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT IN ROW (11) EXCLUDES CERTAIN
         SHARES*                                                 [_]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13)      PERCENT OF CLASS REPRESENTED BY AMOUNT IN ROW (11)
         22.8%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14)      TYPE OF REPORTING PERSON*
         OO (see Item 2)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                       4


<PAGE>
                                  SCHEDULE 13D
CUSIP No. 694754102                                           Page 6 of 16 Pages
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1)  NAME OF REPORTING PERSON
    S.S. OR I.R.S. IDENTIFICATION NO. OF ABOVE PERSON
    Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)  CHECK THE APPROPRIATE BOX IF A MEMBER OF A GROUP (a)   [_]
                                                     (b)   [_]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3)  SEC USE ONLY

- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4)  SOURCE OF FUNDS*
    OO (see Item 3 below)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5)  CHECK BOX IF DISCLOSURE OF LEGAL PROCEEDINGS IS REQUIRED PURSUANT TO 
    ITEMS 2(d) OR 2(e)                                                [_]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6)  CITIZENSHIP OR PLACE OF ORGANIZATION
    United States
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   7)   SOLE VOTING POWER
                        None
  NUMBER OF         
    SHARES        --------------------------------------------------------------
 BENEFICIALLY      8)   SHARED VOTING POWER
   OWNED BY             10,089,153 /1/
EACH REPORTING      
    PERSON        --------------------------------------------------------------
     WITH          9)   SOLE DISPOSITIVE POWER
                        None
                  --------------------------------------------------------------
                  10)   SHARED DISPOSITIVE POWER
                        10,089,153
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11)      AGGREGATE  AMOUNT  BENEFICIALLY  OWNED BY EACH REPORTING PERSON 
         10,089,153
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12)      CHECK BOX IF THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT IN ROW (11) EXCLUDES CERTAIN
         SHARES*                                                 [_]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13)      PERCENT OF CLASS REPRESENTED BY AMOUNT IN ROW (11)
         46.8%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14)      TYPE OF REPORTING PERSON*
         IN
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

- -------------
/1/ Includes  2,399,769 shares  beneficially owned by Aries Domestic Fund, L.P.,
4,197,295  shares  beneficially  owned by The  Aries  Trust  and  50,000  shares
beneficially owned by Paramount Capital Investments,  LLC of which Dr. Rosenwald
is the Chairman and sole stockholder.


                                        5


<PAGE>

Item 1.  Security and Issuer.

         (a)      Common Stock, $.02 par value ("Shares")

                  Pacific Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
                  f/k/a Xytronyx, Inc.
                  6730 Mesa Ridge Rd.
                  San Diego, CA 92121
                  619-550-3900

Item 2.  Identity and Background.

         Names of Persons Filing:

         (a) This  statement  is filed on  behalf  of  Paramount  Capital  Asset
Management,  Inc.  ("Paramount  Capital"),  Aries  Domestic Fund,  L.P.  ("Aries
Domestic"),  The Aries  Fund,  a Class of the Aries  Trust  ("Aries  Trust") and
Lindsay A. Rosenwald,  M.D. ("Dr.  Rosenwald" and  collectively,  the "Reporting
Parties").  See attached Exhibit A which is a copy of their agreement in writing
to file this statement on behalf of each of them.

         (b) The business address of Paramount  Capital,  Aries Domestic and Dr.
Rosenwald is 787 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York, 10019. The business address
for Aries Trust is c/o  MeesPierson  (Cayman)  Limited,  P.O. Box 2003,  British
American Centre, Phase 3, Dr. Roy's Drive, George Town, Grand Cayman.

         (c) Dr. Rosenwald is an investment  banker,  venture  capitalist,  fund
manager and sole shareholder of Paramount Capital,/2/ a Subchapter S corporation
incorporated in the State of Delaware.  Paramount Capital is the General Partner
of Aries Domestic,/3/ a limited partnership incorporated in Delaware.  Paramount
Capital is the Investment Manager to Aries Trust,/4/ a Cayman Islands Trust.

         (d) The Reporting  Parties and their  respective  officers,  directors,
general  partners,  investment  managers,  or trustees have not, during the five
years  prior  to the  date  hereof,  been  convicted  in a  criminal  proceeding
(excluding traffic violations or similar misdemeanors).

         (e) The Reporting  Parties and their  respective  officers,  directors,
general  partners,  investment  managers,  or trustees have not been, during the
five years prior to the date hereof, parties to a civil proceeding of a judicial
or  administrative  body of  competent  jurisdiction,  as a result of which such
person was or is subject to a judgment,  decree or final order enjoining  future
violations  of, or prohibiting  or mandating  activities  subject to, Federal or
State securities laws or finding any violation with respect to such laws.

- --------
/2/  Please  see  attached  Exhibit B  indicating  the  executive  officers  and
directors of Paramount Capital and providing information called for by Items 2-6
of this  statement  as to said  officers  and  directors.  Exhibit  B is  herein
incorporated by reference.

/3/  Please see  attached  Exhibit C  indicating  the  general  partner of Aries
Domestic  and  the  general  partner's  executive  officers  and  directors  and
providing  information  called  for by Items  2-6 of this  statement  as to said
general partners,  officers and directors.  Exhibit C is herein  incorporated by
reference.

/4/ Please see attached Exhibit D indicating the investment manager of the Aries
Trust  and  the  investment  manager's  executive  officers  and  directors  and
providing  information  called  for by Items  2-6 of this  statement  as to said
investment manager and officers and directors.  Exhibit D is herein incorporated
by reference.


                                        6


<PAGE>

         (f) Dr. Rosenwald is a citizen of the United States. Item 3. Source and
Amount of Funds or Other Consideration.

                  Since December 6, 1995, the date of the original  schedule 13D
filing of the Reporting  Parties,  Aries  Domestic and the Aries Trust  acquired
additional securities of the Issuer as detailed below.

                  On  October 8,  1996,  Aries  Domestic  received  warrants  to
purchase  45,000  Shares,  and the Aries  Trust  received  warrants  to purchase
105,000 Shares in connection with a line of credit of up to $500,000 which Aries
Domestic and the Aries Trust extended to the Issuer.

                  On  March  7,  1997,  in  connection  with  the  closing  (the
"Closing") of a private  offering (the  "Offering") of securities of the Issuer,
in which Paramount  Capital,  Inc. acted as placement agent, Aries Domestic used
its general funds to effect the purchase of 8.6 units (the  "Units"),  each Unit
consisting of (a) 500 shares of Premium Preferred Stock (the "Preferred  Stock")
and (b)  warrants to purchase  50,000  Shares for an  aggregate  amount of 4,299
shares of Preferred Stock (which shares of Preferred Stock are convertible  into
1,250,545  Shares  based on a  conversion  rate of  290.89  Shares  per share of
Preferred  Stock) and  warrants to purchase  429,900  Shares for an  approximate
aggregate purchase price of $860,000. On the same date and in the same Offering,
the Aries Trust used its general funds to effect the purchase of 16.68 Units for
an  aggregate  amount  of 8,340  shares  of  Preferred  Stock  (which  shares of
Preferred Stock are convertible into 2,426,041 Shares based on a conversion rate
of 290.89 Shares per share of Preferred  Stock) and warrants to purchase 834,000
Shares for an approximate aggregate purchase price of $1,668,000.

                  Aries  Domestic  and the Aries Trust  invested in the Offering
net of commissions. Accordingly, Aries Domestic was allocated 0.86 Unit Purchase
Options to purchase (a) 430 shares of Preferred Stock  (convertible into 125,084
Shares based on a conversion rate of 290.89 Shares per share of Preferred Stock)
and (b) warrants to purchase 42,990 Shares.  Similarly, the Aries Trust received
1.668 Unit Purchase Options to purchase (x) 834 shares of Preferred Stock of the
Issuer  (convertible  into 242,604  Shares based on a conversion  rate of 290.89
Shares per share of Preferred Stock) and (y) warrants to purchase 83,400 Shares.

                  In connection with the Offering,  Dr. Rosenwald  received 11.4
Unit  Purchase   Options  to  purchase  (a)  5,700  shares  of  Preferred  Stock
(convertible  into 1,658,153  Shares based on a conversion rate of 290.89 Shares
per share of Preferred Stock) and (b) warrants to 570,023 Shares.

                  On August 27, 1998 Paramount Capital Investments,  LLC ("PCI")
received 50,000 Shares in connection with an Introduction Agreement entered into
among the Issuer and PCI on February 12, 1998  pursuant to which PCI  introduced
the Issuer to a technology that the Issuer subsequently acquired.


Item 4.           Purpose of Transaction.

                  The Reporting  Parties have acquired shares of Common Stock of
the Issuer as an investment in the Issuer.

                  In December,  1996, the Issuer effected certain changes to its
management and Board of Directors,  including but not limited to,  replacing its
Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Michael S. Weiss, a member of the Issuer's Board of
Directors and Senior Managing Director of Paramount Capital, Inc. (an investment
bank related to Paramount Capital),  voted in favor of these changes.  Mr. David
R.  Walner,  Secretary of the Issuer,  is Secretary of Paramount  Capital and an
Associate Director of Paramount  Capital,  Inc.. As previously set forth in Item
4.,  Paramount  Capital,  Inc.  has acted as  placement  agent for the Issuer in
connection  with  its  November,  1995  and  March,  1996  private  offering  of
securities.

                  Except  as  indicated  in this  Schedule  13D,  the  Reporting
Parties  currently  have no plans or proposals that relate to or would result in
any of the  matters  described  in  subparagraphs  (a)  through (j) of Item 4 of
Schedule 13D.


                                        7


<PAGE>

Item 5.           Interest in Securities of the Issuer.

         (a) As of September 9, 1998, Paramount Capital,  through acquisition of
the Shares by the Aries Trust and Aries Domestic, beneficially owned warrants to
purchase 1,540,290,  12,639 shares of Preferred Stock of the Issuer (convertible
into 3,676,586  Shares),  warrants to purchase  1,264 shares of Preferred  Stock
(which shares of Preferred  Stock are  convertible  into 367,688  Shares),  five
Units  convertible  into 400,000 Shares and warrants to purchase  500,000 Shares
and 0.625 Unit  Warrants  convertible  into  50,000  shares of common  stock and
62,500  warrants to  purchase  shares of common  stock or 36.57 of the  Issuer's
securities on a fully diluted basis and Aries Domestic, the Aries Trust and Dr.
Rosenwald beneficially owned as follows:

                                    Percent          Amount Owned
                                    -------          ------------

         Aries Domestic              17.3%           517,890     warrants    to
                                                     purchase    Shares   

                                                     4,299 shares of Preferred  
                                                     Stock (convertible   into
                                                     1,250,545    Shares)   

                                                     2.5   Units  (convertible 
                                                     into  200,000  Shares  and
                                                     warrants    to    purchase
                                                     250,000   Shares)   

                                                     0.3125   Unit    Warrants 
                                                     (convertible into  25,000
                                                     Shares and 31,250 warrants
                                                     to purchase    Shares)    

                                                     430 warrants to   purchase
                                                     shares of Preferred Shares
                                                     (which shares of preferred
                                                     stock are convertible into
                                                     125,084 Shares)           

         Aries Trust                 26.8%           1,022,400    warrants   to
                                                     purchase    Shares   

                                                     8,334  shares of Preferred
                                                     Stock   (convertible  into
                                                     2,426,041    Shares)  

                                                     2.5 Units (convertible into
                                                     200,000     Shares     and
                                                     warrants    to    purchase
                                                     250,000   Shares)   

                                                     0.3125  Unit Warrants 
                                                     (convertible into  25,000  
                                                     Shares and 31,250  warrants
                                                     to purchase    Shares)    

                                                     834 warrants  to   purchase
                                                     shares of Preferred Shares
                                                     (which shares of preferred
                                                     stock are convertible into
                                                     242,604 Shares)

         Dr. Rosenwald               41.7%           2.40213 Units (convertible
                                                     into  192,170  Shares  and
                                                     240,213     warrants    to
                                                     purchase Shares) 

                                                     5,700 warrants to purchase
                                                     shares of Preferred  Stock
                                                     (convertible          into
                                                     2,239,728 Shares)

                                                     50,000 Shares

         (b) Dr.  Rosenwald and Paramount  Capital share the power to vote or to
direct the vote, to dispose or to direct the  disposition  of those shares owned
by each of Aries Domestic and Aries Trust.

         (c) Other  than as set forth  herein  the  Reporting  Parties  have not
engaged in any transactions in the Common Stock of the Issuer during the past 60
days.

         (d) & (e)         Not applicable.


Item 6.           Contracts, Arrangements, Understandings or Relationships
                  with respect to Securities of the Issuer
                  ----------------------------------------

                  Paramount Capital is the investment manager of the Aries Trust
and the  General  Partner  of  Aries  Domestic  and in such  capacities  has the
authority  to make  certain  investment  decisions  on behalf of such  entities,
including decisions relating to the securities of the Issuer. In connection with
its investment management duties,


                                        8


<PAGE>

Paramount Capital receives certain  management fees and performance  allocations
from the Aries Trust and Aries Domestic.  Dr.  Rosenwald is the sole shareholder
of Paramount Capital.

                  Paramount  Capital,  Inc. has acted as placement agent for the
Issuer in connection with its November 1995 and March 1996 private  offerings of
securities.  In June 1998 Paramount  Capital,  Inc. acted as placement  agent in
connection  with the private  offering of  securities  of the Issuer's  majority
owned  subsidiary.  Michael S. Weiss,  Senior  Managing  Director  of  Paramount
Capital,  Inc.,  serves  as a member of the Board of  Directors  of the  Issuer,
receives customary Board member  compensation and voted in favor of the December
1996 changes to management and Board composition previously set forth in Item 4.
David R. Walner,  Associate Director of Paramount Capital, Inc. and Secretary of
Paramount Capital, serves as Secretary of the Issuer without compensation.


                  Except as indicated in this 13D and exhibits hereto,  there is
no contract,  arrangement,  understanding or relationship  between the Reporting
Parties and any other party or parties,  with respect to any  securities  of the
Issuer.


Item 7.                    Material to be Filed as Exhibits:

Exhibit A -                Copy  of  an   Agreement   between  Dr.   Rosenwald,
                           Paramount Capital, Aries Domestic and Aries Trust to
                           file this  Statement  on  Schedule  13D on behalf of
                           each of them.                                       

Exhibit B -                List  of  executive   officers   and   directors  of
                           Paramount  Capital  and  information  called  for by
                           Items  2-6  of  this  statement   relating  to  said
                           officers and directors.
                           

Exhibit C -                List of executive  officers  and  directors of Aries
                           Domestic and information  called for by Items 2-6 of
                           this   statement   relating  to  said  officers  and
                           directors.                                          

Exhibit D -                List of executive  officers  and  directors of Aries
                           Trust  and  information  called  for by Items 2-6 of
                           this   statement   relating  to  said  officers  and
                           directors.


                                        9

<PAGE>

                                   SIGNATURES


                  After  reasonable  inquiry and to the best of my knowledge and
belief,  I certify  that the  information  set forth in this  statement is true,
complete and correct.


                                    PARAMOUNT CAPITAL ASSET MANAGEMENT, INC.

Dated:   September 25, 1998
         New York, New York         By: /s/ Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.
                                        ------------------------------
                                            Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.
                                            President


                                    ARIES DOMESTIC FUND, L.P.
                                    By: Paramount Capital Asset Management, Inc.
                                          General Partner

Dated:   September 25, 1998
         New York, New York         By: /s/ Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.
                                    ----------------------------------
                                            Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.
                                            President


                                    THE ARIES TRUST
                                    By: Paramount Capital Asset Management, Inc.
                                        Investment Manager

Dated:   September 25, 1998
         New York, New York         By: /s/ Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.
                                    ----------------------------------
                                            Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.
                                            President


Dated:   September 25, 1998
         New York, New York           By: /s/ Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.
                                      ----------------------------------
                                              Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.


                                       10


<PAGE>

                                    EXHIBIT A

                                    AGREEMENT

                          JOINT FILING OF SCHEDULE 13D



                  The undersigned  hereby agree to jointly prepare and file with
regulatory  authorities  a  Schedule  13D  and  any  future  amendments  thereto
reporting  each  of  the  undersigned's   ownership  of  securities  of  Pacific
Pharmaceuticals,  Inc.,  and hereby affirm that such Schedule 13D is being filed
on behalf of each of the undersigned.


                                    PARAMOUNT CAPITAL ASSET MANAGEMENT, INC.

Dated:   September 25, 1998
         New York, New York         By: /s/ Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.
                                        ------------------------------
                                            Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.
                                            President


                                    ARIES DOMESTIC FUND, L.P.
                                    By: Paramount Capital Asset Management, Inc.
                                          General Partner

Dated:   September 25, 1998
         New York, New York         By: /s/ Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.
                                    ----------------------------------
                                            Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.
                                            President


                                    THE ARIES TRUST
                                    By: Paramount Capital Asset Management, Inc.
                                        Investment Manager

Dated:   September 25, 1998
         New York, New York         By: /s/ Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.
                                    ----------------------------------
                                            Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.
                                            President


Dated:   September 25, 1998
         New York, New York           By: /s/ Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.
                                      ----------------------------------
                                              Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.


                                       11

<PAGE>


                                    EXHIBIT B

         The name and principal occupation or employment, which in each instance
is with Paramount Capital Asset Management,  Inc. ("Paramount  Capital") located
at 787 Seventh Avenue,  48th Floor, New York, New York, 10019, of each executive
officer and director of Paramount Capital is as follows:

                                            PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION
         NAME                                    OR EMPLOYMENT

Lindsay A. Rosenwald, M.D.      Chairman  of the  Board  of  Paramount  Capital
                                Asset  Management,   Inc.,   Paramount  Capital
                                Investments, LLC and Paramount Capital, Inc.

Mark C. Rogers, M.D.            President    of   Paramount    Capital    Asset
                                Management,  Inc. of  Paramount  Capital  Asset
                                Management,     Inc.,     Paramount     Capital
                                Investments, LLC and Paramount Capital, Inc.

Peter Morgan Kash               Director of Paramount Capital Asset Management,
                                Inc.,  Senior  Managing   Director,   Paramount
                                Capital, Inc.

Dr. Yuichi Iwaki                Director of Paramount Capital Asset Management,
                                Inc.,   Professor,   University   of   Southern
                                California School of Medicine                  

Item 2.

         During  the five  years  prior to the date  hereof,  none of the  above
persons (to the best of Paramount  Capital's  knowledge) has been convicted in a
criminal  proceeding  (excluding traffic violations or similar  misdemeanors) or
was a party  to a civil  proceeding  of a  judicial  or  administrative  body of
competent jurisdiction,  as a result of which such person was or is subject to a
judgment,  decree or final order enjoining future  violations of, or prohibiting
or mandating  activities subject to, Federal or State securities laws or finding
any violation with respect to such laws.

Items 3-6.

         Please refer to Items 3-6 herein reporting the beneficial ownership.


                                       12


<PAGE>

                                    EXHIBIT C

         The name and principal  occupation or employment of the General Partner
of Aries Domestic,  which is located at 787 Seventh Avenue,  New York, New York,
10019, is as follows:

                                                   PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION
         NAME                                          OR EMPLOYMENT

Paramount Capital Asset Management, Inc.     General Partner; Investment Manager

         Exhibit B is hereby incorporated by reference.

Item 2.

         During the five years prior to the date  hereof,  the above  person (to
the best of Aries  Domestic's  knowledge)  has not been  convicted in a criminal
proceeding (excluding traffic violations or similar misdemeanors) or was a party
to a  civil  proceeding  of a  judicial  or  administrative  body  of  competent
jurisdiction,  as a result of which such person was or is subject to a judgment,
decree  or final  order  enjoining  future  violations  of,  or  prohibiting  or
mandating activities subject to, Federal or State securities laws or finding any
violation with respect to such laws.

Items 3-6.

         Please refer to Items 3-6 herein reporting the beneficial ownership.


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<PAGE>

                                    EXHIBIT D

         The name and principal  occupation or employment,  which in the case of
Paramount Capital Asset Management,  Inc. is located at 787 Seventh Avenue, 48th
Floor,  New York, New York,  10019,  of each  executive  officer and director of
Aries Trust is as follows:

                                                       PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION
         NAME                                               OR EMPLOYMENT

Paramount Capital Asset Management, Inc.               Investment Manager

MeesPierson (Cayman) Limited                           Trustee
P.O. Box 2003
British American Centre
Phase 3, Dr. Roy's Drive
George Town, Grand Cayman

         Exhibit B is hereby incorporated by reference.

Item 2.

         During the five years  prior to the date  hereof,  neither of the above
persons  (to the best of Aries  Trust's  knowledge)  have  been  convicted  in a
criminal  proceeding  (excluding traffic violations or similar  misdemeanors) or
was a party  to a civil  proceeding  of a  judicial  or  administrative  body of
competent jurisdiction,  as a result of which such person was or is subject to a
judgment,  decree or final order enjoining future  violations of, or prohibiting
or mandating  activities subject to, Federal or State securities laws or finding
any violation with respect to such laws.

Items 3-6.

         Please refer to Items 3-6 herein reporting the beneficial ownership.


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