As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 12, 1996
File Nos. 2-90518
811-4006
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 21
AND
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER
THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
AMENDMENT NO. 22
LANDMARK FUNDS I*
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN CHARTER)
6 ST. JAMES AVENUE, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02116
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES)
REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE: 617-423-1679
PHILIP W. COOLIDGE, 6 ST. JAMES AVENUE, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02116
(NAME AND ADDRESS OF AGENT FOR SERVICE)
COPY TO:
ROGER P. JOSEPH, BINGHAM, DANA & GOULD LLP, 150 FEDERAL STREET,
BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 02110
It is proposed that this filing will become effective on November 11,
1996 pursuant to paragraph (a) of Rule 485, or such earlier date on which the
Commission may declare this filing effective pursuant to subparagraph (3) of
Rule 485(a).
Pursuant to Rule 24f-2, Registrant has registered an indefinite number of
its Shares of Beneficial Interest (without par value) under the Securities Act
of 1933 and filed a Rule 24f-2 Notice on February 28, 1996 for Registrant's
fiscal year ended December 31, 1995.
*This filing relates only to shares of CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 200, CitiSelectSM
VIP Folio 300, CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 400 and CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 500.
<PAGE>
LANDMARK FUNDS I
(CITISELECTSM VIP FOLIO 200, CITISELECTSM VIP FOLIO 300,
CITISELECTSM VIP FOLIO 400
AND CITISELECTSM VIP FOLIO 500)
REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON FORM N-1A
CROSS REFERENCE SHEET
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
N-1A N-1A ITEM LOCATION
ITEM NO.
PART A PROSPECTUS
<S> <C> <C>
Item 1. Cover Page.................................. Cover Page
Item 2. Synopsis.................................... Not Applicable
Item 3. Condensed Financial Information............. Not Applicable
Item 4. General Description of Registrant........... Investment Information;
General Information; Appendix
Item 5. Management of the Fund...................... Management; Expenses
Item 5A. Management's Discussion of Fund
Performance................................. Not Applicable
Item 6. Capital Stock and Other Securities.......... General Information; Purchase and
Redemption of Shares; Dividends
and Distributions; Tax Matters
Item 7. Purchase of Securities Being Offered........ Purchase and Redemption of Shares
Item 8. Redemption or Repurchase.................... Purchase and Redemption of Shares
Item 9. Pending Legal Proceedings................... Not Applicable
STATEMENT OF
ADDITIONAL
PART B INFORMATION
Item 10. Cover Page.................................. Cover Page
Item 11. Table of Contents........................... Cover Page
Item 12. General Information and History............. The Trust
Item 13. Investment Objectives and Policies.......... Investment Objectives; Description
of Permitted Investments and
Investment Practices; Investment
Restrictions
Item 14. Management of the Fund...................... Management
Item 15. Control Persons and Principal Holders of
Securities.................................. Management
Item 16. Investment Advisory and Other Services...... Management
Item 17. Brokerage Allocation and Other Practices.... Portfolio Transactions
Item 18. Capital Stock and Other Securities.......... Description of Shares, Voting Rights
and Liabilities
Item 19. Purchase, Redemption and Pricing of
Securities Being Offered.................... Description of Shares, Voting Rights
and Liabilities; Determination of Net
Asset Value; Valuation of Securities;
Additional Redemption Information
Item 20. Tax Status.................................. Certain Additional Tax Matters
Item 21. Underwriters................................ Management
Item 22. Calculation of Performance Data............. Performance Information
Item 23. Financial Statements........................ Not Applicable
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
PART C Information required to be included in Part C is
set forth under the appropriate Item, so
numbered, in Part C to this Registration
Statement.
<PAGE>
Prospectus
__________ __, 1996
CITISELECTSM VIP FOLIO 200
CITISELECTSM VIP FOLIO 300
CITISELECTSM VIP FOLIO 400
CITISELECTSM VIP FOLIO 500
CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 200, CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 300, CitiSelectSM VIP
Folio 400 and CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 500 (each, a "Fund" and collectively, the
"Funds") are investment vehicles for variable annuity contracts and variable
life insurance policies offered by the separate accounts ("Separate Accounts")
of participating life insurance companies ("Participating Insurance
Companies").
The Funds are asset allocation funds that offer investors a convenient
way to own a professionally managed portfolio tailored to specific investment
goals. Their investment objectives are described below. There is, of course, no
assurance that any Fund will achieve its investment objectives.
CitiSelect VIP Folio 200's objective is high total return over time
consistent with a primary emphasis on income and a secondary emphasis on
capital appreciation.
CitiSelect VIP Folio 300's objective is high total return over time
consistent with a balanced emphasis on income and capital appreciation.
CitiSelect VIP Folio 400's objective is high total return over time
consistent with a primary emphasis on capital appreciation and a secondary
emphasis on income for risk reduction purposes.
CitiSelect VIP Folio 500's objective is highest total return over time
consistent with a primary emphasis on capital appreciation and a secondary
emphasis on income for risk reduction purposes.
Citibank, N.A. ("Citibank" or the "Manager") is the investment manager
for each of the Funds. PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS SHOULD BE AWARE THAT SHARES OF THE
FUNDS ARE NOT DEPOSITS OR OBLIGATIONS OF, OR GUARANTEED OR ENDORSED BY,
CITIBANK, N.A. OR ANY OF ITS AFFILIATES, ARE NOT INSURED BY THE FEDERAL DEPOSIT
INSURANCE CORPORATION, AND INVOLVE INVESTMENT RISKS, INCLUDING POSSIBLE LOSS OF
PRINCIPAL AMOUNT INVESTED.
Shares of the Funds are not offered to the general public but may only be
purchased by the Separate Accounts of Participating Insurance Companies for the
purpose of funding variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance
policies.
THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION NOR HAS THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE
ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY
REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
<PAGE>
This Prospectus concisely sets forth information about the Funds that a
prospective investor should know before investing. A Statement of Additional
Information dated __________ __, 1996 (and incorporated by reference in this
Prospectus) has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Copies
of the Statement of Additional Information may be obtained without charge, and
further inquiries about the Funds may be made, by contacting the Funds'
distributor at (617) 423-1679 or a Participating Insurance Company.
INVESTORS SHOULD READ THIS PROSPECTUS AND RETAIN IT FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Investment Information
Risk Considerations
Valuation of Shares
Purchase and Redemption of Shares
Dividends and Distributions
Management
Tax Matters
Performance Information
General Information
Appendix--Permitted Investments and Investment Practices A-1
<PAGE>
INVESTMENT INFORMATION
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES
The investment objective of CITISELECT VIP FOLIO 200 is high total return
over time consistent with a primary emphasis on income and a secondary emphasis
on capital appreciation.
The investment objective of CITISELECT VIP FOLIO 300 is high total return
over time consistent with a balanced emphasis on income and capital
appreciation.
The investment objective of CITISELECT VIP FOLIO 400 is high total return
over time consistent with a primary emphasis on capital appreciation and a
secondary emphasis on income for risk reduction purposes.
The investment objective of CITISELECT VIP FOLIO 500 is highest total
return over time consistent with a primary emphasis on capital appreciation and
a secondary emphasis on income for risk reduction purposes.
The investment objective of each Fund may be changed without approval by
that Fund's shareholders, but shareholders will be given written notice at
least 30 days before any change is implemented. Of course, there can be no
assurance that any Fund will achieve its investment objective.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
THE FUNDS
The Funds are asset allocation funds. Asset allocation funds are a basic
tool of investment professionals and are differentiated by the use of
investment management strategies and techniques that range from the least
aggressive to the most aggressive. The Funds offer a convenient way to own a
diversified professionally managed portfolio tailored to specific investment
goals and expectations of risk and return. While time horizon is a factor, it
is not necessarily the determinative factor in choosing to invest in one of the
Funds. Certain investment goals may determine the appropriate asset allocation
and amount of risk that an investor seeks. See "Investment Information" and
"Risk Considerations."
CITISELECT VIP FOLIO 200 is expected to be the least volatile of the four
Funds and is designed for the investor who is seeking lower risk provided by
substantial investments in income-producing securities, but who also seeks some
capital growth. CITISELECT VIP FOLIO 300 offers a blend of capital appreciation
and income for the investor seeking a balanced approach by emphasizing stocks
for their higher capital appreciation potential but retaining a significant
income component to temper volatility. CITISELECT VIP FOLIO 400 and CITISELECT
VIP FOLIO 500 are designed for the investor willing and able to take higher
risks in the pursuit of long-term capital appreciation. CitiSelect VIP Folio
500 is expected to be the most volatile of the four Funds, and is designed for
investors who can withstand greater market swings to seek potential long-term
rewards. CitiSelect VIP Folio 400 is designed for investors seeking long-term
rewards, but with less volatility.
<PAGE>
INVESTMENT STRATEGY
Each Fund is a carefully selected and professionally managed diversified
mix of equity, fixed income and money market investments that are structured to
achieve certain risk and return objectives. Citibank allocates each Fund's
assets among the equity class of investments, the fixed income class of
investments and the money market class of investments. In making asset
allocations, Citibank considers long-term performance and valuation measures
within and between asset classes and the effects of market and economic
variables on those relationships. It uses this information to determine the
overall mix of each Fund's assets among the three general asset classes. Each
Fund's allocation or asset mix is determined by Citibank to be an optimal
combination of stocks, bonds and money market instruments that reduces risk and
maximizes potential return for that Fund's distinct investment objective.
The Funds' asset allocations generally correlate to different levels of
investment risk and return. Equity securities have the potential to outperform
fixed income securities over the long term. Equity securities have the greatest
potential for growth of capital, yet are generally the most volatile of the
three asset types. Fixed income and money market securities sometimes move in
the opposite direction of equity securities and may provide investment balance
to a Fund. The risks of each asset class will vary.
Citibank expects that, in general, each Fund's assets will be allocated
among the equity, fixed income and money market classes as provided in the
following chart. However, cash flows of a Fund or changes in market valuations
could produce different results. Citibank will review each Fund's asset
allocation quarterly and expects, in general, to rebalance the Fund's
investments, if necessary, at that time. Rebalancing may be accomplished over a
period of time and may be limited by tax and regulatory requirements.
CitiSelect CitiSelect CitiSelect CitiSelect
VIP Folio VIP Folio VIP Folio VIP Folio
200 300 400 500
Asset Class Range Range Range Range
Equity 25-45% 40-60% 55-85% 70-95%
Fixed Income 35-55 35-55 15-35 5-20
Money Market 10-30 1-10 1-10 1-10
Each asset class includes other investments described in Appendix A or
elsewhere in this Prospectus that are deemed related to the management of that
asset class. Percentage ranges shown for the equity and fixed income classes
include investment positions that seek equivalent asset class exposure or to
enhance income for that asset class. When money market instruments are used in
connection with these positions they will be counted towards the assets of the
applicable asset class and not towards the money market class.
Citibank will diversify the equity class of each Fund by allocating the
Fund's portfolio of equity securities among large capitalization securities,
small capitalization securities and international securities. Citibank will
diversify the fixed income class of each Fund by allocating the Fund's
portfolio of fixed income securities among U.S. and foreign government and
corporate bonds. There is no requirement that Citibank allocate a Fund's assets
among all of the foregoing types of equity and fixed income securities at all
times. These types of securities have been selected because Citibank believes
<PAGE>
that this additional level of asset diversification will provide each Fund with
the potential for higher returns with lower overall volatility.
From time to time Citibank may employ Subadvisers to perform the daily
management of a particular asset class for the Funds or of specific types of
securities within a particular asset class. Citibank will monitor and supervise
the activities of the Subadvisers and may terminate the services of any
Subadviser at any time. See "Management." In allocating each Fund's investments
among various asset classes and in supervising the Subadvisers, Citibank
employs a multi-style and multi-manager diversification strategy. Citibank
believes that there are periods when securities with particular
characteristics, or an investment style, outperform other types of securities
in the same asset class. For example, at certain times, equity securities with
growth characteristics outperform equities with income characteristics, and
vice versa. Citibank will seek to take advantage of this by blending asset
classes and investment styles on a complementary basis in an effort to maximize
the consistency of returns over longer time periods, and to reduce volatility.
In supervising the Subadvisers, Citibank will also be taking into account
the expertise they have demonstrated in particular areas and the historical
results they have achieved within selected asset classes or investment styles.
By combining these attributes with selected asset classes and styles, Citibank
will seek to increase returns.
Citibank has delegated the responsibility for the daily management of the
following kinds of securities to the following Subadvisers: large
capitalization value securities, Miller Anderson & Sherrerd, LLP; small
capitalization value securities, Franklin Advisory Services, Inc.;
international equity securities, Hotchkis & Wiley; and foreign government
securities, Pacific Investment Management Company. Citibank is responsible for
the daily management of all other kinds of securities of the Funds, including
large capitalization growth securities, small capitalization growth securities,
fixed income securities and money market securities.
INITIAL ASSET ALLOCATIONS
Initially one or more of the Funds may be of such a size that it is not
practicable for the Fund to invest in all of the above-mentioned asset classes
and types of securities. Until in Citibank's judgment a Fund has sufficient
assets to fully employ an investment strategy, Citibank may allocate assets
across fewer of the asset classes and fewer of the types of securities
identified above than it otherwise would. As a Fund's asset size increases,
Citibank will add asset classes and types of securities until the desired asset
allocation is reached. There may also be a delay in investing in asset classes
or types of securities due to market conditions and availability of suitable
investments.
THE EQUITY CLASS
Equity securities include common stocks, securities convertible into
common stocks, preferred stocks, warrants for the purchase of stock and
depositary receipts (receipts which represent the right to receive the
securities of non-U.S. issuers deposited in a U.S. or correspondent bank).
While equity securities historically have experienced a higher level of
volatility risk than fixed income securities, they also historically have
produced higher levels of total return. Long-term, investors with diversified
equity portfolios have a higher probability of achieving their investment goals
with lower levels of volatility than those who have not diversified.
<PAGE>
Each Fund will diversify its equity portfolio by investing those assets
which are allocated to the equity class among equity securities issued by large
capitalization issuers, small capitalization issuers and international issuers.
The mix of equity securities will vary from Fund to Fund. For example, the
equity class of CitiSelect VIP Folio 400 will emphasize securities of small cap
issuers. The equity class of CitiSelect VIP Folio 300 will emphasize securities
of large cap and small cap issuers. There is no requirement that each Fund
invest in each type of equity security.
Large Cap Issuers. Large cap issuers are those with market
capitalizations typically of $1 billion or more. In the selection of equity
securities of large cap issuers, securities issued by established companies
with stable operating histories are emphasized.
Small Cap Issuers. Small cap issuers are those with market
capitalizations below the top 1,000 stocks that comprise the large and midrange
capitalization sector of the equity market. These stocks are comparable to, but
not limited to, the stocks comprising the Russell 2000 Index, an index of small
capitalization stocks. Small cap companies are generally represented in new or
rapidly changing industries. They may offer more profit opportunity in growing
industries and during certain economic conditions than do large and medium
sized companies. However, small cap companies also involve special risks.
Often, liquidity and overall business stability of a small cap company may be
less than that associated with larger capitalized companies. Small cap stocks
frequently involve smaller, rapidly growing companies with high growth rates,
negligible dividend yields and extremely high levels of volatility.
International Issuers. International issuers are those based outside the
United States. In the selection of equity securities of international issuers,
securities included in the Morgan Stanley Capital International Europe,
Australia and Far East Index (called the EAFE Index) are emphasized. The EAFE
Index contains approximately 1,100 equity securities of companies located in
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong,
Ireland, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, The Netherlands, Norway, Singapore, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. In addition, securities of issuers
located in emerging markets may be selected. The U.S. investor may benefit from
exposure to international equity securities and foreign economies, which may be
influenced by distinctly different factors impacting a country's rate of
economic growth, interest rate structure, currency, industry and local stock
market environment. In addition, investments in the non-U.S. equity markets
allow for further diversification as many countries and regions have
risk/reward characteristics and market performance that are not highly
correlated to each other or to the U.S. market. International investments,
however, particularly in emerging countries, are subject to special risks not
generally present in domestic equity investments.
See "Risk Considerations" for certain risks associated with investing in
equity securities.
THE FIXED INCOME CLASS
Fixed income securities include bonds and short-term obligations. Fixed
income securities, in general, offer a fixed stream of cash flow and may
provide good to moderate relative total return benefits over time. Most bond
investments focus on generating income, while the potential for capital
appreciation is a secondary objective. The bond markets provide diversification
benefits to a holder of equity securities depending upon the characteristics of
the bonds comprising the fixed income class of each Fund. The value of fixed
<PAGE>
income securities generally fluctuates inversely with changes in interest
rates, and also fluctuates based on other market and credit factors as well.
Each Fund will diversify its fixed income portfolio by investing those
assets which are allocated to the fixed income class among investment grade
corporate debt obligations and securities issued by the U.S. Government and its
agencies and instrumentalities and by foreign governments. Investment grade
securities are those rated Baa or better by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. or
BBB or better by Standard & Poor's Rating Group or securities which are not
rated by these rating agencies, but which Citibank or a Subadviser believes to
be of comparable quality. Securities rated Baa or BBB and securities of
comparable quality may have speculative characteristics.
The mix of fixed income securities may vary from Fund to Fund. There is
no requirement that each Fund invest in each type of fixed income security. The
Funds may invest in securities with all maturities, including long bonds (10+
years), intermediate notes (3 to 10 years) and short-term notes (1 to 3 years).
Government Securities. U.S. Government securities may provide
opportunities for income with minimal credit risk. U.S. Treasury securities are
considered the safest of all government securities. U.S. Government securities
are high quality instruments issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest
by the U.S. Government or by an agency or instrumentality of the U.S.
Government. Securities issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by
foreign governments or agencies or instrumentalities of foreign governments
(which include securities of supranational agencies) also may provide
opportunities for income with minimal credit risk. Government securities are,
however, not immune from the market risk of principal fluctuation associated
with changing interest rates.
Corporate Bonds. Investment in bonds of U.S. and foreign corporate
issuers may provide relatively higher levels of current income. These bonds are
used by U.S. and foreign corporate issuers to borrow money from investors, and
may have varying maturities. Corporate bonds have varying degrees of quality
and varying degrees of sensitivity to changes in interest rates. The value of
these investments fluctuates based on changes in interest rates and in the
underlying credit quality of the bond issuers represented in the portfolio.
See "Risk Considerations" for certain risks associated with investing in
fixed income securities.
THE MONEY MARKET CLASS
Each Fund will invest those assets which are allocated to the money
market class in cash and in U.S. dollar-denominated high quality money market
and short-term instruments. These instruments include short-term obligations of
the U.S. Government and repurchase agreements covering these obligations,
commercial paper of U.S. and foreign issuers, bank obligations (such as
certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances and fixed time deposits) of U.S.
and non-U.S. banks and obligations issued or guaranteed by the governments of
Western Europe, Scandinavia, Australia, Japan and Canada. These investments
provide opportunities for income with low credit risk, and may result in a
lower yield than would be available from investments with a lower quality or a
longer term.
<PAGE>
ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT POLICIES
FUTURES. Each of the Funds may use financial futures in order to protect
the Fund from fluctuations in interest rates (sometimes called "hedging")
without actually buying or selling debt securities, or to manage the effective
maturity or duration of fixed income securities in the Fund's portfolio in an
effort to reduce potential losses or enhance potential gain. The Funds also may
purchase stock index and foreign currency futures in order to protect against
declines in the value of portfolio securities or increases in the cost of
securities or other assets to be acquired and, subject to applicable law, to
enhance potential gain. Futures contracts provide for the future sale by one
party and purchase by another party of a specified amount of a security at a
specified future time and price, or for making payment of a cash settlement
based on changes in the value of a security, an index of securities or other
assets. In many cases, the futures contracts that may be purchased by the Funds
are standardized contracts traded on commodities exchanges or boards of trade.
See Appendix A for more information.
TEMPORARY INVESTMENTS. During periods of unusual economic or market
conditions or for temporary defensive purposes or liquidity, each Fund may
invest without limit in cash and in U.S. dollar-denominated high quality money
market and short-term instruments. These investments may result in a lower
yield than would be available from investments with a lower quality or longer
term.
OTHER PERMITTED INVESTMENTS. For more information regarding the Funds'
permitted investments and investment practices, see Appendix A -- Permitted
Investments and Investment Practices on page A-1. The Funds will not
necessarily invest or engage in each of the investments and investment
practices in Appendix A but reserve the right to do so.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS. The Statement of Additional Information contains
a list of specific investment restrictions which govern the investment policies
of the Funds, including a limitation that each Fund may borrow money from banks
in an amount not to exceed 1/3 of the Fund's net assets for extraordinary or
emergency purposes (e.g., to meet redemption requests). Except as otherwise
indicated, the Funds' investment objectives and policies may be changed without
shareholder approval. If a percentage or rating restriction (other than a
restriction as to borrowing) is adhered to at the time an investment is made, a
later change in percentage or rating resulting from changes in a Fund's
securities will not be a violation of policy.
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER. Securities of each Fund will be sold whenever it is
appropriate to do so in light of the Fund's investment objective, without
regard to the length of time a particular security may have been held. The
turnover rates for CitiSelect VIP Folio 200 and CitiSelect VIP Folio 300 are
not expected to exceed 175% annually; the turnover rates for CitiSelect VIP
Folio 400 and CitiSelect VIP Folio 500 are not expected to exceed 100%
annually. The amount of brokerage commissions and realization of taxable
capital gains will tend to increase as the level of portfolio activity
increases.
BROKERAGE TRANSACTIONS. In connection with the selection of brokers or
dealers for securities transactions for the Funds and the placing of such
orders, brokers or dealers may be selected who also provide brokerage and
research services to the Funds or the other accounts over which Citibank, the
Subadvisers or their affiliates exercise investment discretion. Citibank and
the Subadvisers are authorized to pay a broker or dealer who provides such
brokerage and research services a commission for executing a portfolio
transaction for a Fund which is in excess of the amount of commission another
<PAGE>
broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if Citibank
or the applicable Subadviser determines in good faith that such amount of
commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research
services provided by such broker or dealer.
STATE INSURANCE REGULATION. Each Fund provides an investment vehicle for
variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies to be offered
by the Separate Accounts of Participating Insurance Companies. Certain states
have regulations concerning concentration of investments and purchase and sale
of futures contracts, among other techniques. If these regulations are applied
to a Fund, the Fund may be limited in its ability to engage in such techniques
and to manage its investments with the flexibility provided herein. It is each
Fund's intention to operate in material compliance with current insurance laws
and regulations, as applied in each jurisdiction in which contracts or policies
of Separate Accounts of Participating Insurance Companies are offered.
CERTAIN RISK CONSIDERATIONS
The risks of investing in each Fund vary depending upon the nature of the
securities held, and the investment practices employed, on its behalf. Certain
of these risks are described below.
CHANGES IN NET ASSET VALUE. Each Fund's net asset value will fluctuate
based on changes in the values of the underlying portfolio securities. This
means that an investor's shares may be worth more or less at redemption than at
the time of purchase. Equity securities fluctuate in response to general market
and economic conditions and other factors, including actual and anticipated
earnings, changes in management, political developments and the potential for
takeovers and acquisitions. During periods of rising interest rates the value
of debt securities generally declines, and during periods of falling rates the
value of these securities generally increases. Changes by recognized rating
agencies in the rating of any debt security, and actual or perceived changes in
an issuer's ability to make principal or interest payments, also affect the
value of these investments.
CREDIT RISK OF DEBT SECURITIES. Investors should be aware that securities
offering above average yields may at times involve above average risks.
Securities rated Baa by Moody's or BBB by S&P and equivalent securities may
have speculative characteristics. Adverse economic or changing circumstances
are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to make principal and interest
payments than is the case for higher grade obligations.
NON-U.S. SECURITIES. Investments in non-U.S. securities involve risks
relating to political, social and economic developments abroad, as well as
risks resulting from the differences between the regulations to which U.S. and
non-U.S. issuers and markets are subject. These risks may include
expropriation, confiscatory taxation, withholding taxes on dividends and
interest, limitations on the use or transfer of portfolio assets and political
or social instability. Enforcing legal rights may be difficult, costly and slow
in non-U.S. countries, and there may be special problems enforcing claims
against non-U.S. governments. In addition, non-U.S. companies may not be
subject to accounting standards or governmental supervision comparable to U.S.
companies, and there may be less public information about their operations.
Non-U.S. markets may be less liquid and more volatile than U.S. markets, and
may offer less protection to investors such as the Funds. Prices at which a
Fund may acquire securities may be affected by trading by persons with material
non-public information and by securities transactions by brokers in
anticipation of transactions by the Fund.
<PAGE>
Because non-U.S. securities often are denominated in currencies other than
the U.S. dollar, changes in currency exchange rates will affect a Fund's net
asset value, the value of dividends and interest earned and gains and losses
realized on the sale of securities. In addition, some non-U.S. currency values
may be volatile and there is the possibility of governmental controls on
currency exchanges or governmental intervention in currency markets.
The Funds may invest in issuers located in developing countries, which are
generally defined as countries in the initial stages of their industrialization
cycles with low per capita income. All of the risks of investing in non-U.S.
securities are heightened by investing in developing countries. Shareholders
should be aware that investing in the equity and fixed income markets of
developing countries involves exposure to economic structures that are
generally less diverse and mature, and to political systems which can be
expected to have less stability, than those of developed countries. Historical
experience indicates that the markets of developing countries have been more
volatile than the markets of developed countries with more mature economies;
such markets often have provided higher rates of return, and greater risks, to
investors. These heightened risks include (i) greater risks of expropriation,
confiscatory taxation and nationalization, and less social, political and
economic stability; (ii) the small current size of markets for securities of
issuers based in developing countries and the currently low or non-existent
volume of trading, resulting in a lack of liquidity and in price volatility;
(iii) certain national policies which may restrict a Fund's investment
opportunities including restrictions on investing in issuers or industries
deemed sensitive to relevant national interests; and (iv) the absence of
developed legal structures. Such characteristics can be expected to continue in
the future.
Equity securities traded in certain foreign countries may trade at
price-earnings multiples higher than those of comparable companies trading on
securities markets in the United States, which may not be sustainable. Rapid
increases in money supply in certain countries may result in speculative
investment in equity securities which may contribute to volatility of trading
markets.
The costs attributable to non-U.S. investing, such as the costs of
maintaining custody of securities in non-U.S. countries, frequently are higher
than those involved in U.S. investing. As a result, the operating expense
ratios of the Funds may be higher than those of investment companies investing
exclusively in U.S. securities.
SMALL CAP COMPANIES. Investors in the Funds should be aware that the
securities of companies with small market capitalizations may have more risks
than the securities of other companies. Small cap companies may be more
susceptible to market downturns or setbacks because they may have limited
product lines, markets, distribution channels, and financial and management
resources. Further, there is often less publicly available information about
small cap companies than about more established companies. As a result of these
and other factors, the prices of securities issued by small cap companies may
be volatile. Shares of the Funds, therefore, may be subject to greater
fluctuation in value than shares of an equity fund with more of its investments
in securities of larger, more established companies.
INVESTMENT PRACTICES. Certain of the investment practices employed for the
Funds may entail certain risks. These risks are in addition to the risks
described above and are described in Appendix A. See Appendix A -- Permitted
Investments and Investment Practices on page A-1.
<PAGE>
VALUATION OF SHARES
Net asset value per share of each Fund is determined each day the New York
Stock Exchange is open for trading (a "Business Day"). This determination is
made once each day as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally
4:00 p.m. Eastern time) by adding the market value of all securities and other
assets attributable to a Fund, then subtracting the liabilities charged to the
Fund, and then dividing the result by the number of outstanding shares of the
Fund.
Fund securities and other assets are valued primarily on the basis of
market quotations, or if quotations are not available, by a method believed to
accurately reflect fair value. Non-U.S. securities are valued based on
quotations from the primary market in which they are traded and are translated
from the local currency into U.S. dollars using current exchange rates. In
light of the non-U.S. nature of some of each Fund's investments, trading may
take place in securities held by the Funds on days which are not Business Days
and on which it will not be possible to purchase or redeem shares of the Funds.
PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES
Investors may not purchase or redeem shares of the Funds directly, but
only through variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies
offered through the Separate Accounts of Participating Insurance Companies.
Investors should refer to the prospectus of the Participating Insurance
Company's Separate Account for information on how to purchase a variable
annuity contract or variable life insurance policy, how to select specific
Funds as investment options for the applicable contract or policy and how to
redeem monies from the applicable contract or policy.
The Separate Accounts of the Participating Insurance Companies place
orders to purchase and redeem shares of the Funds based on, among other things,
the amount of premium payments to be invested and the amount of surrender and
transfer requests (as defined in the prospectus describing the variable annuity
contracts and variable life insurance policies issued by the Participating
Insurance Companies) to be effected on that day pursuant to variable annuity
contracts and variable life insurance policies. Orders received by the Funds
are effected on Business Days only. Orders for the purchase of shares of a Fund
are effected at the net asset value per share next calculated after an order is
received in proper form by the Fund or its designee so long as payment for the
shares is received by the end of the next Business Day. Redemptions are
effected at the net asset value per share next calculated after receipt in
proper form of a redemption request by a Fund or its designee. For purposes of
the purchase and redemption of shares of the Funds, the Separate Account of a
Participating Insurance Company shall be a designee of the Fund for receipt of
requests for purchase and redemption, and receipt by such designee shall
constitute receipt by the Fund, provided that the Fund receives notice of such
requests in accordance with applicable requirements on the next following
Business Day. Separate Accounts must transmit purchase and redemption orders
promptly. Payment for redemptions will be made by the Funds within seven days
after the request is received. The Funds may suspend the right of redemption
under certain extraordinary circumstances in accordance with the rules of the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
The Funds do not assess any sales charges or redemption fees. Sales
charges, mortality and expense risk fees and other charges may be assessed by
Participating Insurance Companies under the variable annuity contracts or
<PAGE>
variable life insurance policies. The Participating Insurance Companies are
required to describe these fees in the prospectuses for the contracts or
policies.
Shares of the Funds may be sold to and held by Separate Accounts that fund
variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts issued by both
affiliated and unaffiliated Participating Insurance Companies. The Funds
currently do not foresee any disadvantages to the holders of variable annuity
contracts and variable life insurance policies of affiliated and unaffiliated
Participating Insurance Companies arising from the fact that interests of the
holders of variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies may
differ due to differences of tax treatment or other considerations or due to
conflicts between the affiliated or unaffiliated Participating Insurance
Companies. Nevertheless, the Trustees will monitor events to seek to identify
any material irreconcilable conflicts which may possibly arise and to determine
what action, if any, should be taken in response to such conflicts. Should a
material irreconcilable conflict arise between the holders of variable annuity
contracts and variable life insurance policies of affiliated or unaffiliated
Participating Insurance Companies, the Participating Insurance Companies may be
required to withdraw the assets allocable to some or all of the Separate
Accounts from the Funds. Any such withdrawal could disrupt orderly portfolio
management to the potential detriment of such holders. The variable annuity
contracts and variable life insurance policies are described in the separate
prospectuses issued by the Participating Insurance Companies. The Funds assume
no responsibility for such prospectuses.
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
Substantially all of each Fund's net income from dividends and interest
is distributed annually on or about the last day of December. Net realized
short-term and long-term capital gains, if any, will be distributed annually,
in December. Each Fund may also make additional distributions to the extent
necessary to avoid the application of the 4% non-deductible excise tax on
certain undistributed income and net capital gains of mutual funds.
All dividends and distributions will be automatically reinvested in
additional shares of a Fund issued at the net asset value of such shares on the
payment date of such dividends and distributions.
MANAGEMENT
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS
Each Fund is supervised by the Board of Trustees of Landmark Funds I. A
majority of the Trustees are not affiliated with Citibank. More information on
the Trustees and officers of the Funds appears under "Management" in the
Statement of Additional Information.
INVESTMENT MANAGER
Citibank. Each Fund draws on the strength and experience of Citibank.
Citibank offers a wide range of banking and investment services to customers
across the United States and throughout the world, and has been managing money
since 1822. Its portfolio managers are responsible for investing in money
market, equity and fixed income securities. Citibank and its affiliates manage
more than $83 billion in assets worldwide. Citibank is a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Citicorp. Citibank also serves as investment adviser to other
<PAGE>
registered investment companies. Citibank's address is 153 East 53rd Street,
New York, New York 10043.
Subject to policies set by the Trustees, Citibank is responsible for
overall management of the Funds' business affairs, and has a separate
Management Agreement with each Fund. Citibank also provides certain
administrative services to the Funds. These administrative services include
providing general office facilities and supervising the overall administration
of the Funds. Pursuant to sub-administrative services agreements, the
distributor performs such sub-administrative duties for the Funds as from time
to time are agreed upon by Citibank and the distributor. The distributor's
compensation as sub-administrator is paid by Citibank.
Lawrence P. Keblusek, U.S. Chief Investment Officer of Citibank, has been
the overall portfolio manager of the Funds since their inception and is
responsible for determining asset allocations, supervising and monitoring the
performance of the Citibank personnel described below who are responsible for
the Funds' securities, and supervising and monitoring the performance of the
Subadvisers. Mr. Keblusek's investment experience is discussed below.
The following individuals at Citibank are responsible for daily
management of the following kinds of securities of each Fund (and related
investments).
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
Large capitalization growth securities Lawrence P. Keblusek, U.S. Chief
Investment Officer, has been responsible
for the daily management of large cap
growth securities since the Funds'
inception. Mr. Keblusek, who has 25
years experience in the investment
management industry, was most
recently Senior Vice President and
Director of Portfolio Management for
The Northern Trust Company with
responsibility for investment
performance in the organization's High
Net Worth, Corporate and Institutional
and Mutual Fund Group. Earlier in his
career, Mr. Keblusek held senior
investment positions with Maryland
National Bank and the National Bank of
Washington.
Small capitalization growth securities David N. Pearl, Vice President, has been
responsible for the daily management of
small cap growth securities since the
Funds' inception. Mr. Pearl is a portfolio
manager of U.S. equity assets for
institutional clients, and joined Citibank
in 1994. Prior to joining Citibank he
worked as a portfolio manager at
Fleming Capital Management and
Bankers Trust Company.
Domestic fixed income securities Mark Lindbloom, Vice President, has
been responsible for the daily
management of domestic fixed income
securities since the Funds' inception.
Mr. Lindbloom has more than 12 years
of investment management experience.
Prior to joining Citibank in 1986, Mr.
Lindbloom was a Fixed Income Portfolio
Manager with Brown Brothers
Harriman & Co., where he managed
fixed income assets for discretionary
corporate portfolios.
Money market securities Kevin Kennedy, Vice President, has
been responsible for the daily
management of money market securities
since the Funds' inception. Mr. Kennedy
is responsible for managing the
Liquidity Management Unit of the U.S.
Fixed Income Department of Citibank
Global Asset Management. Prior to
joining Citibank in March 1993, Mr.
Kennedy was with the Metropolitan Life
Insurance Company as the Managing
Trader of the Treasurer's Division. He
was responsible for the management of
more than $9 billion in short duration
fixed income assets. Mr. Kennedy has
more than 15 years of fixed income
management experience.
</TABLE>
Citibank has delegated the daily management of the following kinds of
securities of each Fund (and related investments) to the following Subadvisers.
Citibank pays all Subadviser compensation.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
Large capitalization value securities Miller Anderson & Sherrerd, LLP, One
Tower Bridge, West Conshohocken,
Pennsylvania 19428. Miller Anderson
has been a registered investment adviser
since 1974. Morgan Stanley Asset
Management Holdings, Inc., an indirect
wholly-owned subsidiary of Morgan
Stanley Group Inc., owns 95% of the
interests in Miller Anderson. Robert
Marcin, CFA, Partner, has been
responsible for the daily management of
large cap value securities since the
Funds' inception. Mr. Marcin has been
with Miller Anderson since 1988.
<PAGE>
Small capitalization value securities Franklin Advisory Services, Inc., 777
Mariners Island Blvd., San Mateo,
California 94404. Franklin Advisory
Services, a wholly-owned subsidiary of
Franklin Resources, Inc., is a registered
investment adviser. William J.
Lippman, senior vice president of
Franklin Advisory Services or its
predecessor since June, 1988, has been
responsible for the daily management of
small capitalization value securities since
the Funds' inception. Prior to joining
Franklin Advisory Services, Mr. Lippman
was president of L.F. Rothschild Fund
Management, Inc.
International equity securities Hotchkis & Wiley, 800 West Sixth Street,
Fifth Floor, Los Angeles, California
90017. Hotchkis & Wiley is a registered
investment adviser founded in 1980.
Hotchkis & Wiley, a limited partnership
has entered into a Purchase Agreement
with Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. a
Delaware corporation ("Merrill Lynch"),
pursuant to which Merrill Lynch, subject
to a number of contingencies, will acquire
the partnership interests in Hotchkis &
Wiley. The acquisition is expected to
close in the fourth quarter of 1996. If the
purchase occurs, the Sub-Management
Agreement by and among the Funds,
Citibank and Hotchkis & Wiley would
automatically terminate due to its
"assignment" (as that term is defined in
the 1940 Act) resulting from the change
in control of ownership of Hotchkis &
Wiley.
<PAGE>
Harry W. Hartford and Sarah H.
Ketterer have been responsible for the
daily management of international
equity securities since the Funds'
inception. Mr. Hartford and Ms.
Ketterer manage international equity
accounts and are also responsible for
international investment research. Each
serves on the Investment Policy
Committee at Hotchkis & Wiley. Prior to
joining Hotchkis & Wiley, Mr. Hartford
was with The Investment Bank of
Ireland, where he gained 10 years of
experience in both international and
global equity management. Prior to
joining Hotchkis & Wiley, Ms. Ketterer
was an associate with Bankers Trust and
an analyst at Dean Witter.
Foreign government securities Pacific Investment Management
Company, 840 Newport Center Drive,
Suite 360, P.O. Box 6430, Newport
Beach, California 92658-9030. PIMCO is
a registered investment adviser and is a
subsidiary partnership of PIMCO
Advisors L.P. A majority interest of
PIMCO Advisors L.P. is held by PIMCO
Partners, G.P., a general partnership
between Pacific Investment Management
Company, a California corporation and
indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of
Pacific Mutual Life Insurance Company,
and PIMCO Partners, L.L.C., a limited
liability company controlled by the
Managing Directors of PIMCO. Lee R.
Thomas, III, Senior International
Portfolio Manager, has been responsible
for the daily management of foreign
government securities since the Funds'
inception. He joined PIMCO in 1995.
Previously he was a member of
Investcorp's Management Committee,
where he was responsible for global
securities and foreign exchange trading.
Prior to Investcorp, he was associated
with Goldman Sachs, where he was an
Executive Director in the fixed income
division of the London office.
</TABLE>
Advisory Fees. For its services under the Management Agreements, Citibank
receives a fee, which is accrued daily and paid monthly, of 0.75% of each
Fund's average daily net assets on an annualized basis for that Fund's
then-current fiscal year. This fee is higher than the management fee paid by
<PAGE>
most mutual funds. Citibank may voluntarily agree to waive a portion of its
management fee from any Fund.
For their services to the Funds, Citibank pays the Subadvisers (out of
its management fee) the following fees, which are accrued daily and payable
monthly and are at the annual rates equal to the percentages specified below of
the aggregate assets of the Funds allocated to the particular Subadviser:
Miller Anderson & Sherrerd, LLP 0.625% on first $25 million
0.375% on next $75 million
0.250% on next $400 million
0.20% on assets in excess of $500 million
Franklin Advisory Services, Inc. 0.55% on first $250 million
0.50% on remaining assets
Hotchkis & Wiley 0.60% on first $10 million
0.55% on next $40 million
0.45% on next $100 million
0.35% on next $150 million
0.30% on remaining assets
PIMCO 0.35% on first $200 million
0.30% on remaining assets
Banking Relationships. Citibank and its affiliates may have deposit, loan
and other relationships with the issuers of securities purchased on behalf of
the Funds, including outstanding loans to such issuers which may be repaid in
whole or in part with the proceeds of securities so purchased. Citibank has
informed the Funds that, in making its investment decisions, it does not obtain
or use material inside information in the possession of any division or
department of Citibank or in the possession of any affiliate of Citibank.
Bank Regulatory Matters. The Glass-Steagall Act prohibits certain
financial institutions, such as Citibank, from underwriting securities of
open-end investment companies, such as the Funds. Citibank believes that its
services under the Management Agreements and the activities performed by it as
administrator are not underwriting and are consistent with the Glass-Steagall
Act and other relevant federal and state laws. However, there is no controlling
precedent regarding the performance of the combination of investment advisory
and administrative activities by banks. State laws on this issue may differ
from applicable federal law and banks and financial institutions may be
required to register as dealers pursuant to state securities laws. Changes in
either federal or state statutes or regulations, or in their interpretations,
could prevent Citibank or its affiliates from continuing to perform these
services for the Funds. If Citibank or its affiliates were to be prevented from
acting as the Manager or administrator, the affected Funds would seek
alternative means for obtaining these services. The Funds do not expect that
shareholders would suffer any adverse financial consequences as a result of any
such occurrence.
DISTRIBUTOR
Pursuant to a Distribution Agreement, LFBDS, 6 St. James Avenue, Boston,
MA 02116 (telephone: (617) 423-1679), serves as the distributor of shares of
each Fund. LFBDS receives no fee for performing distribution services for the
Funds.
<PAGE>
CUSTODIAN, TRANSFER AGENT AND FUND ACCOUNTANT
State Street Bank and Trust Company acts as transfer agent, dividend
disbursing agent and custodian for each Fund. Securities may be held by a
sub-custodian bank approved by the Trustees. State Street also provides certain
fund accounting services and calculates the daily net asset value for the
Funds. The principal business address of State Street is 225 Franklin Street,
Boston, Massachusetts 02110.
TAX MATTERS
This discussion of the federal income taxation of the Funds and their
distributions is for general information only. Purchasers of variable annuity
contracts or variable life insurance policies issued by Participating Insurance
Companies should refer to the prospectuses for those contracts or policies for
additional tax information and should consult their own tax advisers about
their particular situations.
Each Fund will be treated as a separate entity for federal income tax
purposes. Each Fund intends to qualify as a "regulated investment company"
under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
"Code"), which would relieve a Fund of liability for Federal income and excise
taxes to the extent the Fund's earnings are distributed in accordance with the
timing requirements of the Code. In order to so qualify, a Fund must comply
with certain distribution, diversification, source of income, holding period,
and other applicable requirements. If for any taxable year a Fund does not
qualify for the special Federal tax treatment afforded regulated investment
companies, all of the Fund's taxable income would be subject to tax at regular
corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to shareholders. In
such event, a Fund's distributions to segregated asset accounts holding shares
of the Fund would be taxable as ordinary income to the extent of the Fund's
current and accumulated earnings and profits. A failure of a Fund to qualify as
a regulated investment company could also have the adverse effects on investors
noted below.
A segregated asset account upon which a variable annuity contract or
variable life insurance policy is based must meet certain diversification tests
set forth in U.S. Treasury regulations. If, as is intended, the Fund meets
these tests and complies with certain other conditions, a segregated asset
account investing solely in shares of a Fund will also be deemed to meet these
diversification requirements. However, a failure of the Fund to qualify as a
regulated investment company or to meet such conditions and to comply with such
tests could cause the owners of variable annuity contracts and variable life
insurance policies based on such accounts to recognize ordinary income each
year in the amount of any net appreciation of such contract or policy during
the year (including the annual costs of life insurance, if any, provided under
such policy).
Provided that the Fund and a segregated asset account investing in the
Fund satisfy the above requirements, any distributions from the Fund will be
exempt from current Federal income taxation to the extent that such
distributions accumulate in a variable annuity contract or a variable life
insurance contract.
The foregoing discussion of federal income tax consequences is based on
tax laws and regulations in effect on the date of this Prospectus and is
subject to change by legislative or administrative action.
<PAGE>
PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
Each Fund's performance may be quoted in advertising, shareholder reports
and other communications in terms of yield or total rate of return. All
performance information is historical and is not intended to indicate future
performance. Yield and total rates of return fluctuate in response to market
conditions and other factors, and the value of an investor's shares when
redeemed may be more or less than their original cost.
Each Fund may provide its period and average annualized "total rates of
return." The "total rate of return" refers to the change in the value of an
investment in the Fund over a stated period which was made at the maximum
public offering price and reflects any change in net asset value per share and
is compounded to include the value of any shares purchased with any dividends
or capital gains declared during such period. Period total rates of return may
be "annualized." An "annualized" total rate of return assumes that the period
total rate of return is generated over a one-year period.
Each Fund may provide annualized "yield" quotations. The "yield" of a
Fund refers to the income generated by an investment in the Fund over a 30-day
or one-month period (which period is stated in any such advertisement or
communication). This income is then annualized; that is, the amount of income
generated by the investment over that period is assumed to be generated each
month over a one-year period and is shown as a percentage of the maximum public
offering price on the last day of that period. A "yield" quotation, unlike a
total rate of return quotation, does not reflect changes in net asset value.
Yields and total returns quoted for the Funds include the effect of
deducting the Funds' expenses, but may not include charges and expenses
attributable to a particular variable annuity contract or variable life
insurance policy. Since shares of the Funds can be purchased only through a
variable annuity contract or variable life insurance policy, a prospective
purchaser should carefully review the prospectus of the variable annuity
contract or variable life insurance policy he or she has chosen for information
on relevant charges and expenses. Including these charges in the quotations of
the Funds' yield and total return would have the effect of decreasing
performance. Performance information for the Funds must always be accompanied
by, and be reviewed with, performance information for the insurance product
which invests in the Funds. See the Statement of Additional Information for
more information concerning the calculation of yield and total rate of return
quotations for the Funds.
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANIZATION
Each Fund is a newly established diversified series of Landmark Funds I,
an open-end investment company organized as a Massachusetts business trust on
April 13, 1984.
Under the 1940 Act, a diversified series or diversified investment
company must invest at least 75% of its assets in cash and cash items, U.S.
Government securities, investment company securities and other securities
limited as to any one issuer to not more than 5% of the total assets of the
investment company and not more than 10% of the voting securities of the
issuer.
Under Massachusetts law, shareholders of a business trust may, under
certain circumstances, be held personally liable as partners for the trust's
obligations. However, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on
account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which both
<PAGE>
inadequate insurance existed and the trust itself was unable to meet its
obligations.
VOTING AND OTHER RIGHTS
The Funds may issue an unlimited number of shares (without par value),
may create new series of shares and may divide shares in each series into
classes. Each share of each Fund gives the shareholder one vote in Trustee
elections and other matters submitted to shareholders for vote. All shares of
the Funds have equal voting rights except that, in matters affecting only a
particular Fund, only shares of that particular Fund are entitled to vote.
The Funds' activities are supervised by the Board of Trustees of Landmark
Funds I. As series of a Massachusetts business trust, the Funds are not
required to hold annual shareholder meetings. Shareholder approval will usually
be sought only for changes in a Fund's fundamental investment restrictions and
for the election of Trustees under certain circumstances. Trustees may be
removed by shareholders under certain circumstances. Each share of each Fund is
entitled to participate equally in dividends and other distributions and the
proceeds of any liquidation of that Fund.
The rights accompanying Fund shares are legally vested in the Separate
Accounts. However, in accordance with current law and interpretations thereof,
Participating Insurance Companies will vote shares held in the Separate
Accounts in a manner consistent with timely voting instructions received from
the holders of variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies.
Each Participating Insurance Company will vote Fund shares held in Separate
Accounts for which no timely instructions are received from the holders of
variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies, as well as
shares it owns, in the same proportion as those shares for which voting
instructions are received. For a further discussion, please refer to the
insurance company's Separate Account prospectus.
CERTIFICATES
The Funds' Transfer Agent maintains a share register for shareholders of
record, i.e., the Separate Accounts of the Participating Insurance Companies.
Share certificates are not issued.
EXPENSES
In addition to amounts payable under its Management Agreement each Fund
is responsible for its own expenses, including, among other things, the costs
of securities transactions, the compensation of Trustees that are not
affiliated with Citibank, government fees, taxes, accounting and legal fees,
expenses of communicating with shareholders, interest expense, and insurance
premiums.
All fee waivers are voluntary and may be reduced or terminated at any
time.
COUNSEL AND INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
Bingham, Dana & Gould LLP, Boston, Massachusetts, is counsel for each
Fund. Price Waterhouse LLP, Boston, Massachusetts, serves as independent
auditor for each Fund.
---------------------------
<PAGE>
The Statement of Additional Information dated the date hereof contains
more detailed information about the Funds, including information relating to
(i) investment policies and restrictions, (ii) the Trustees, officers and
investment manager, (iii) securities transactions, (iv) the Funds' shares,
including rights and liabilities of shareholders, (v) the method used to
calculate performance information, and (vi) the determination of net asset
value.
No person has been authorized to give any information or make any
representations not contained in this Prospectus or the Statement of Additional
Information in connection with the offering made by this Prospectus and, if
given or made, such information or representations must not be relied upon as
having been authorized by the Funds or their distributor. This Prospectus does
not constitute an offering by the Funds or their distributor in any
jurisdiction in which such offering may not lawfully be made.
<PAGE>
APPENDIX A
PERMITTED INVESTMENTS AND
INVESTMENT PRACTICES
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS. Each Fund may enter into repurchase agreements in
order to earn a return on temporarily available cash. Repurchase agreements are
transactions in which an institution sells the Fund a security at one price,
subject to the Fund's obligation to resell and the selling institution's
obligation to repurchase that security at a higher price normally within a
seven day period. There may be delays and risks of loss if the seller is unable
to meet its obligation to repurchase.
REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS. Each Fund may enter into reverse repurchase
agreements. Reverse repurchase agreements involve the sale of securities held
by the Fund and the agreement by the Fund to repurchase the securities at an
agreed-upon price, date and interest payment. When a Fund enters into reverse
repurchase transactions, securities of a dollar amount equal in value to the
securities subject to the agreement will be maintained in a segregated account
with the Fund's custodian. The segregation of assets could impair the Fund's
ability to meet its current obligations or impede investment management if a
large portion of the Fund's assets are involved. Reverse repurchase agreements
are considered to be a form of borrowing.
LENDING OF PORTFOLIO SECURITIES. Consistent with applicable regulatory
requirements and in order to generate additional income, each Fund may lend its
portfolio securities to broker-dealers and other institutional borrowers. Such
loans must be callable at any time and continuously secured by collateral (cash
or U.S. Government securities) in an amount not less than the market value,
determined daily, of the securities loaned. It is intended that the value of
securities loaned by a Fund would not exceed 30% of the Fund's total assets.
In the event of the bankruptcy of the other party to a securities loan,
repurchase agreement or a reverse repurchase agreement, a Fund could experience
delays in recovering either the securities lent or cash. To the extent that, in
the meantime, the value of the securities lent has increased or the value of
the securities purchased has decreased, the Fund could experience a loss.
RULE 144A SECURITIES. Each Fund may purchase restricted securities that
are not registered for sale to the general public if it is determined that
there is a dealer or institutional market in the securities. In that case, the
securities will not be treated as illiquid for purposes of the Fund's
investment limitations. The Trustees will review these determinations. These
securities are known as "Rule 144A securities," because they are traded under
SEC Rule 144A among qualified institutional buyers. Institutional trading in
Rule 144A securities is relatively new, and the liquidity of these investments
could be impaired if trading in Rule 144A securities does not develop or if
qualified institutional buyers become, for a time, uninterested in purchasing
Rule 144A securities.
PRIVATE PLACEMENTS AND ILLIQUID INVESTMENTS. Each Fund may invest up to
10% of its net assets in securities for which there is no readily available
market. These illiquid securities may include privately placed restricted
securities for which no institutional market exists. The absence of a trading
market can make it difficult to ascertain a market value for illiquid
investments. Disposing of illiquid investments may involve time-consuming
negotiation and legal expenses, and it may be difficult or impossible for a
Fund to sell them promptly at an acceptable price.
"WHEN-ISSUED" SECURITIES. In order to ensure the availability of suitable
securities, each Fund may purchase securities on a "when-issued" or on a
<PAGE>
"forward delivery" basis, which means that the securities would be delivered to
the Fund at a future date beyond customary settlement time. Under normal
circumstances, the Fund takes delivery of the securities. In general, the Fund
does not pay for the securities until received and does not start earning
interest until the contractual settlement date. While awaiting delivery of the
securities, the Fund establishes a segregated account consisting of cash, cash
equivalents or high quality debt securities equal to the amount of the Fund's
commitments to purchase "when-issued" securities. An increase in the percentage
of the Fund's assets committed to the purchase of securities on a "when-issued"
basis may increase the volatility of its net asset value.
DOLLAR ROLLS. The Funds also may enter into "dollar rolls." A dollar roll
is a transaction pursuant to which a Fund sells mortgage-backed securities for
delivery in the current month and simultaneously contracts to repurchase
substantially similar (same type, coupon and maturity) securities on a
specified future date. During the roll period, the Fund foregoes principal and
interest paid on the mortgage-backed securities. The Fund is compensated by the
difference between the current sales price and the lower forward price for the
future purchase (often referred to as the "drop") as well as by the interest
earned on the cash proceeds of the initial sale. A "covered roll" is a specific
type of dollar roll for which a Fund establishes a segregated account with
liquid high grade debt securities equal in value to the securities subject to
repurchase by the Fund. The Funds will invest only in covered rolls.
COMMERCIAL PAPER. Each Fund may invest in commercial paper, which is
unsecured debt of corporations usually maturing in 270 days or less from its
date of issuance.
DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS FOR SECURITIES. American Depositary Receipts ("ADRs"),
European Depositary Receipts ("EDRs"), Global Depositary Receipts ("GDRs") and
other forms of depositary receipts for securities of non-U.S. issuers provide
an alternative method for a Fund to make non-U.S. investments. These securities
are not usually traded in the same currency as the securities into which they
may be converted. Generally, ADRs, in registered form, are designed for use in
U.S. securities markets and EDRs and GDRs, in bearer form, are designed for use
in European and global securities markets. ADRs are receipts typically issued
by a U.S. bank or trust company evidencing ownership of the underlying
securities. EDRs and GDRs are European and global receipts, respectively,
evidencing a similar arrangement.
OTHER INVESTMENT COMPANIES. Subject to applicable statutory and regulatory
limitations, assets of each Fund may be invested in shares of other investment
companies. Each Fund may invest up to 5% of its assets in closed-end investment
companies which primarily hold securities of non-U.S. issuers.
CURRENCY EXCHANGE CONTRACTS. Forward currency exchange contracts may be
entered into for each Fund for the purchase or sale of non-U.S. currency to
hedge against adverse rate changes or otherwise to achieve the Fund's
investment objectives. A currency exchange contract allows a definite price in
dollars to be fixed for securities of non-U.S. issuers that have been purchased
or sold (but not settled) for the Fund. Entering into such exchange contracts
may result in the loss of all or a portion of the benefits which otherwise
could have been obtained from favorable movements in exchange rates. In
addition, entering into such contracts means incurring certain transaction
costs and bearing the risk of incurring losses if rates do not move in the
direction anticipated.
SECURITIES RATED Baa or BBB. Each Fund may purchase securities rated Baa
by Moody's or BBB by S&P, which may have poor protection of payment of
principal and interest. These securities are often considered to be speculative
<PAGE>
and involve greater risk of default or price changes than securities assigned a
higher quality rating due to changes in the issuer's creditworthiness. The
market prices of these securities may fluctuate more than higher-rated
securities and may decline significantly in periods of general economic
difficulty which may follow periods of rising interest rates.
ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES. Each Fund may invest in corporate asset-backed
securities. These securities, issued by trusts and special purpose
corporations, are backed by a pool of assets, such as credit card or automobile
loan receivables, representing the obligations of a number of different
parties. Corporate asset-backed securities present certain risks. For instance,
in the case of credit card receivables, these securities may not have the
benefit of any security interest in the related collateral.
Each Fund also may purchase mortgage-backed securities issued or
guaranteed as to payment of principal and interest by the U.S. Government or
one of its agencies and backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S.
Government, including direct pass-through certificates of GNMA, as well as
mortgage-backed securities for which principal and interest payments are backed
by the credit of particular agencies of the U.S. Government. Mortgage-backed
securities are generally backed or collateralized by a pool of mortgages. These
securities are sometimes called collateralized mortgage obligations or CMOs.
Even if the U.S. Government or one of its agencies guarantees principal
and interest payments of a mortgage-backed security, the market price of a
mortgage-backed security is not insured and may be subject to market
volatility. When interest rates decline, mortgage-backed securities experience
higher rates of prepayment, because the underlying mortgages are refinanced to
take advantage of the lower rates. Thus the prices of mortgage-backed
securities may not increase as much as prices of other debt obligations when
interest rates decline, and mortgage-backed securities may not be an effective
means of locking in a particular interest rate. In addition, any premium paid
for a mortgage-backed security may be lost when it is prepaid.
Additionally mortgage-backed securities are also subject to maturity
extension risk, that is, the possibility that rising interest rates may cause
prepayments to occur at a slower than expected rate. This particular risk may
effectively convert a security that was considered short or intermediate-term
at the time of purchase into a long-term security. Long-term securities
generally fluctuate more widely in response to changes in interest rates than
short or intermediate-term securities. Thus, a rising interest rate would not
only likely decrease the value of the Fund's securities, but would also
increase the inherent volatility of the Fund by effectively converting short
term debt instruments into long term debt instruments.
FUTURES. Because the value of a futures contract changes based on the
price of the underlying security or other asset, futures contracts are commonly
referred to as "derivatives." Futures contracts are a generally accepted part
of modern portfolio management and are regularly utilized by many mutual funds
and other institutional investors. When a Fund purchases or sells a futures
contract, it is required to make an initial margin deposit. Although the amount
may vary, initial margin can be as low as 1% or less of the face amount of the
contract. Additional margin may be required as the contract fluctuates in
value. Since the amount of margin is relatively small compared to the value of
the securities covered by a futures contract, the potential for gain or loss on
a futures contract is much greater than the amount of a Fund's initial margin
deposit. None of the Funds currently intends to enter into a futures contract
if, as a result, the initial margin deposits on all of that Fund's futures
contracts would exceed approximately 5% of the Fund's net assets. Also, each
Fund intends to limit its futures contracts so that the value of the securities
covered by its futures contracts would not generally exceed 50% of the Fund's
<PAGE>
other assets and to segregate sufficient assets to meet its obligations under
outstanding futures contracts.
The ability of a Fund to utilize futures contracts successfully will
depend on Citibank's or a Subadviser's ability to predict interest rate, stock
price or currency movements, which cannot be assured. In addition to general
risks associated with any investment, the use of futures contracts entails the
risk that, to the extent Citibank's or the Subadviser's view as to interest
rate, stock price or currency movements is incorrect, the use of futures
contracts, even for hedging purposes, could result in losses greater than if
they had not been used. This could happen, for example, if there is a poor
correlation between price movements of futures contracts and price movements in
a Fund's related portfolio position. Also, the futures markets may not be
liquid in all circumstances. As a result, in certain markets, a Fund might not
be able to close out a transaction without incurring substantial losses, if at
all. When futures contracts are used for hedging, even if they are successful
in minimizing the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged
position, at the same time they limit any potential gain which might result
from an increase in value of such position. As noted, each Fund may also enter
into transactions in futures contracts for other than hedging purposes (subject
to applicable law), including speculative transactions, which involve greater
risk. In particular, in entering into such transactions, a Fund may experience
losses which are not offset by gains on other portfolio positions, thereby
reducing its gross income. In addition, the markets for such instruments may be
extremely volatile from time to time, which could increase the risks incurred
by the Fund in entering into such transactions.
The use of futures contracts potentially exposes a Fund to the effects of
"leveraging," which occurs when futures are used so that the Fund's exposure to
the market is greater than it would have been if the Fund had invested directly
in the underlying securities. "Leveraging" increases a Fund's potential for
both gain and loss. As noted above, each of the Funds intends to adhere to
certain policies relating to the use of futures contracts, which should have
the effect of limiting the amount of leverage by the Fund.
OPTIONS. Each Fund may write (sell) covered call and put options and
purchase call and put options on securities. A Fund will write options on
securities for the purpose of increasing its return on such securities and/or
to protect the values of its portfolio. In particular, where the Fund writes an
option which expires unexercised or is closed out by the Fund at a profit, it
will retain the premium paid for the option which will increase its gross
income and will offset in part the reduced value of the portfolio security
underlying the option, or the increased cost of portfolio securities to be
acquired. If the price of the underlying security moves adversely to the Fund's
position, the option may be exercised and the Fund will be required to purchase
or sell the underlying security at a disadvantageous price, which may only be
partially offset by the amount of the premium.
By writing a call option on a security, a Fund limits its opportunity to
profit from any increase in the market value of the underlying security, since
the holder will usually exercise the call option when the market value of the
underlying security exceeds the exercise price of the call. However, the Fund
retains the risk of depreciation in value of securities on which it has written
call options.
Each of the Funds also may purchase options on a non-U.S. currency in
order to protect against currency rate fluctuations. If a Fund purchases a put
option on a non-U.S. currency and the value of the U.S. currency declines, the
Fund will have the right to sell the non-U.S. currency for a fixed amount in
U.S. dollars and will thereby offset, in whole or in part, the adverse effect
on the Fund which otherwise would have resulted. Conversely, where a rise in
the U.S. dollar value of another currency is projected, and where the Fund
<PAGE>
anticipates investing in securities traded in such currency, the Fund may
purchase call options on the non-U.S. currency. Each Fund also may buy and
write options on stock indices.
Each Fund may purchase and write options to buy or sell interest rate
futures contracts and options on stock index futures contracts. Such investment
strategies will be used for hedging and non-hedging purposes, subject to
applicable law. Put and call options on futures contracts may be traded by a
Fund in order to protect against declines in values of portfolio securities or
against increases in the cost of securities to be acquired. Purchase of options
on futures contracts may present less risk in hedging the portfolio of a Fund
than the purchase or sale of the underlying futures contracts since the
potential loss is limited to the amount of the premium plus related transaction
costs. The writing of such options, however, does not present less risk than
the trading of futures contracts and will constitute only a partial hedge, up
to the amount of the premium received. In addition, if an option is exercised,
the Fund may suffer a loss on the transaction.
Each Fund may enter into forward foreign currency contracts for the
purchase or sale of a fixed quantity of a foreign currency at a future date at
a price set at the time of the contract. A Fund may enter into forward
contracts for hedging and non-hedging purposes including transactions entered
into for the purpose of profiting from anticipated changes in foreign currency
exchange rates. Each Fund has established procedures consistent with statements
of the Securities and Exchange Commission and its staff regarding the use of
forward contracts by registered investment companies, which requires use of
segregated assets or "cover" in connection with the purchase and sale of such
contracts.
Forward contracts are traded over-the-counter, and not on organized
commodities or securities exchanges. As a result, such contracts operate in a
manner distinct from exchange-traded instruments, and their use involves
certain risks beyond those associated with transactions in the futures and
options contracts described herein.
Transactions in options may be entered into on U.S. exchanges regulated by
the SEC, in the over-the-counter market and on foreign exchanges, while forward
contracts may be entered into only in the over-the-counter market. Futures
contracts and options on futures contracts may be entered into on U.S.
exchanges regulated by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission and on foreign
exchanges. The securities underlying options and futures contracts traded by a
Fund may include domestic as well as foreign securities. Investors should
recognize that transactions involving foreign securities or foreign currencies,
and transactions entered into in foreign countries, may involve considerations
and risks not typically associated with investing in U.S. markets.
Transactions in options, futures contracts, options on futures contracts
and forward contracts entered into for non-hedging purposes involve greater
risk and could result in losses which are not offset by gains on other
portfolio assets. For example, a Fund may sell futures contracts on an index of
securities in order to profit from any anticipated decline in the value of the
securities comprising the underlying index. In such instances, any losses on
the futures transactions will not be offset by gains on any portfolio
securities comprising such index, as might occur in connection with a hedging
transaction.
<PAGE>
Statement of
Additional Information
__________ __, 1996
CITISELECTSM VIP FOLIO 200
CITISELECTSM VIP FOLIO 300
CITISELECTSM VIP FOLIO 400
CITISELECTSM VIP FOLIO 500
Landmark Funds I (the "Trust") is an investment company which was
organized as a business trust under the laws of the Commonwealth of
Massachusetts on April 13, 1984. The Trust offers shares of four investment
funds -- CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 200, CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 300, CitiSelectSM
VIP Folio 400 and CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 500 (each, a "Fund" and collectively,
the "Funds"), as well as the shares of five other series. The shares of the
Funds are offered only to separate accounts ("Separate Accounts") of
participating life insurance companies ("Participating Insurance Companies")
for the purpose of funding variable annuity contracts and variable life
insurance policies. The address and telephone number of the Trust are 6 St.
James Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02116, (617) 423-1679.
FUND SHARES ARE NOT DEPOSITS OR OBLIGATIONS OF, OR GUARANTEED OR ENDORSED
BY, CITIBANK, N.A. OR ANY OF ITS AFFILIATES, ARE NOT INSURED BY THE FEDERAL
DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION OR ANY OTHER AGENCY, AND INVOLVE INVESTMENT
RISKS, INCLUDING POSSIBLE LOSS OF PRINCIPAL AMOUNT INVESTED.
Table of Contents
Page
The Trust
Investment Objectives
Description of Permitted Investments and
Investment Practices
Investment Restrictions
Performance Information
Determination of Net Asset Value; Valuation of
Securities; Additional Redemption Information
Management
Portfolio Transactions
Description of Shares, Voting Rights and Liabilities
Certain Additional Tax Matters
Financial Statements
This Statement of Additional Information sets forth information which may
be of interest to investors but which is not necessarily included in the
Trust's Prospectus, dated __________ __, 1996, by which shares of the Funds are
offered. This Statement of Additional Information should be read in conjunction
with the Prospectus, a copy of which may be obtained by an investor without
charge by contacting the Trust's distributor at (617) 423-1679 or a
Participating Insurance Company.
THIS STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IS NOT A PROSPECTUS AND IS AUTHORIZED
FOR DISTRIBUTION TO PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS ONLY IF PRECEDED OR ACCOMPANIED BY AN
EFFECTIVE PROSPECTUS.
<PAGE>
1. THE TRUST
Landmark Funds I, the Trust, is an investment company organized as a
business trust under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts on April 13,
1984. This Statement of Additional Information relates to four Funds offered by
the Trust -- CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 200, CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 300,
CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 400 and CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 500. The Funds are
investment vehicles for variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance
policies offered by Separate Accounts of Participating Insurance Companies.
Citibank, N.A. ("Citibank" or the "Manager") is investment adviser to
each of the Funds. The Manager manages the investments of the Funds from day to
day in accordance with each Fund's investment objectives and policies. The
selection of investments for the Funds and the way they are managed depend on
the conditions and trends in the economy and the financial marketplaces.
The Board of Trustees of the Trust provides broad supervision over the
affairs of the Funds. Shares of the Funds are continuously sold by the Landmark
Funds Broker-Dealer Services, Inc., the Funds' distributor ("LFBDS or the
"Distributor"), only to Separate Accounts.
2. INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES
The investment objective of CitiSelect VIP Folio 200 is high total return
over time consistent with a primary emphasis on income and a secondary emphasis
on capital appreciation.
The investment objective of CitiSelect VIP Folio 300 is high total return
over time consistent with a balanced emphasis on income and capital
appreciation.
The investment objective of CitiSelect VIP Folio 400 is high total return
over time consistent with a primary emphasis on capital appreciation and a
secondary emphasis on income for risk reduction purposes.
The investment objective of CitiSelect VIP Folio 500 is highest total
return over time consistent with a primary emphasis on capital appreciation and
a secondary emphasis on income for risk reduction purposes.
The investment objective of each Fund may be changed by its Trustees
without approval by that Fund's shareholders, but shareholders will be given
written notice at least 30 days before any change is implemented. Of course,
there can be no assurance that any Fund will achieve its investment objective.
The Prospectus contains a discussion of the various types of securities
in which each Fund may invest and the risks involved in such investments. The
following supplements the information contained in the Prospectus concerning
the investment objective, policies and techniques of each Fund.
The Funds are asset allocation funds. Asset allocation funds are a basic
tool of investment professionals and are differentiated by the use of
investment management strategies and techniques that range from the least
aggressive to the most aggressive. The Funds offer a convenient way to own a
diversified professionally managed portfolio tailored to specific investment
goals and expectations of risk and return. While time horizon is a factor, it
is not necessarily the determinative factor in choosing to invest in one of the
Funds. Certain investment goals may determine the appropriate asset allocation
and amount of risk that an investor seeks.
<PAGE>
CitiSelect VIP Folio 200 is expected to be the least volatile of the four
Funds and is designed for the investor who is seeking lower risk provided by
substantial investments in income-producing securities, but who also seeks some
capital growth. CitiSelect VIP Folio 300 offers a blend of capital appreciation
and income for the investor seeking a balanced approach by emphasizing stocks
for their higher capital appreciation potential but retaining a significant
income component to temper volatility. CitiSelect VIP Folio 400 and CitiSelect
VIP Folio 500 are designed for the investor willing and able to take higher
risks in the pursuit of long-term capital appreciation. CitiSelect VIP Folio
500 is expected to be the most volatile of the four Funds, and is designed for
investors who can withstand greater market swings to seek potential long-term
rewards. CitiSelect VIP Folio 400 is designed for investors seeking long-term
rewards, but with less volatility.
The Trust has also adopted the following policies with respect to each
Fund's investments in (i) warrants and (ii) securities of issuers with less
than three years' continuous operation. The Trust's purchases of warrants for
each Fund will not exceed 5% of the Fund's net assets. Included within that
amount, but not exceeding 2% of its net assets, may be warrants which are not
listed on the New York Stock Exchange or the American Stock Exchange. Any such
warrants will be valued at their market value except that warrants which are
attached to securities at the time such securities are acquired for a Fund will
be deemed to be without value for the purpose of this restriction. The Trust
will not invest more than 5% of each Fund's assets in companies which,
including their respective predecessors, have a record of less than three
years' continuous operation.
3. DESCRIPTION OF PERMITTED INVESTMENTS AND INVESTMENT PRACTICES
BANK OBLIGATIONS
Each of the Funds may invest in bank obligations, i.e., certificates of
deposit, time deposits (including Eurodollar time deposits) and bankers'
acceptances and other short-term debt obligations issued by domestic banks,
foreign subsidiaries or foreign branches of domestic banks, domestic and
foreign branches of foreign banks, domestic savings and loan associations and
other banking institutions. A bankers' acceptance is a bill of exchange or time
draft drawn on and accepted by a commercial bank. It is used by corporations to
finance the shipment and storage of goods and to furnish dollar exchange.
Maturities are generally six months or less. A certificate of deposit is a
negotiable interest-bearing instrument with a specific maturity. Certificates
of deposit are issued by banks and savings and loan institutions in exchange
for the deposit of funds and normally can be traded in the secondary market
prior to maturity. A time deposit is a non-negotiable receipt issued by a bank
in exchange for the deposit of funds. Like a certificate of deposit, it earns a
specified rate of interest over a definite period of time; however, it cannot
be traded in the secondary market. Time deposits with a withdrawal penalty are
considered to be illiquid securities.
MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES
Each of the Funds may invest in mortgage-backed securities, which are
securities representing interests in pools of mortgage loans. Interests in
pools of mortgage-related securities differ from other forms of debt securities
which normally provide for periodic payment of interest in fixed amounts with
principal payments at maturity or specified call dates. Instead, these
securities provide a monthly payment which consists of both interest and
principal payments. In effect, these payments are a "pass-through" of the
monthly payments made by the individual borrowers on their mortgage loans, net
of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of such securities. Additional
payments are caused by prepayments of principal resulting from the sale,
refinancing or foreclosure of the underlying property, net of fees or costs
<PAGE>
which may be incurred. The market value and interest yield of these instruments
can vary due to market interest rate fluctuations and early prepayments of
underlying mortgages.
The principal governmental issuers or guarantors of mortgage-backed
securities are the Government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA"), Federal
National Mortgage Association ("FNMA"), and Federal Home Loan Mortgage
Corporation ("FHLMC"). Obligations of GNMA are backed by the full faith and
credit of the United States Government while obligations of FNMA and FHLMC are
supported by the respective agency only. Although GNMA certificates may offer
yields higher than those available from other types of U.S. Government
securities, GNMA certificates may be less effective than other types of
securities as a means of "locking in" attractive long-term rates because of the
prepayment feature. For instance, when interest rates decline, the value of a
GNMA certificate likely will not rise as much as comparable debt securities due
to the prepayment feature. In addition, these prepayments can cause the price
of a GNMA certificate originally purchased at a premium to decline in price to
its par value, which may result in a loss.
Each Fund may also invest a portion of its assets in collateralized
mortgage obligations or "CMOs," a type of mortgage-backed security. CMOs are
securities collateralized by mortgages, mortgage pass-through certificates,
mortgage pay-through bonds (bonds representing an interest in a pool of
mortgages where the cash flow generated from the mortgage collateral pool is
dedicated to bond repayment), and mortgage-backed bonds (general obligations of
the issuers payable out of the issuers' general funds and additionally secured
by a first lien on a pool of single family detached properties). Many CMOs are
issued with a number of classes or series which have different maturities and
are retired in sequence.
Investors purchasing such CMOs in the shortest maturities receive or are
credited with their pro rata portion of the scheduled payments of interest and
principal on the underlying mortgages plus all unscheduled prepayments of
principal up to a predetermined portion of the total CMO obligation. Until that
portion of such CMO obligations is repaid, investors in the longer maturities
receive interest only. Accordingly, the CMOs in the longer maturity series are
less likely than other mortgage pass-through certificates to be prepaid prior
to their stated maturity. Although some of the mortgages underlying CMOs may be
supported by various types of insurance, and some CMOs may be backed by GNMA
certificates or other mortgage pass-through certificates issued or guaranteed
by U.S. Government agencies or instrumentalities, the CMOs themselves are not
generally guaranteed.
MORTGAGE "DOLLAR ROLL" TRANSACTIONS
As described in the Prospectus, the Funds may enter into mortgage "dollar
roll" transactions pursuant to which they sell mortgage-backed securities for
delivery in the future and simultaneously contract to repurchase substantially
similar securities on a specified future date. During the roll period, a Fund
foregoes principal and interest paid on the mortgage-backed securities. The
Fund is compensated for the lost principal and interest by the difference
between the current sales price and the lower price for the future purchase
(often referred to as the "drop") as well as by the interest earned on the cash
proceeds of the initial sale. The Fund may also be compensated by receipt of a
commitment fee.
<PAGE>
CORPORATE ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES
Each of the Funds may invest in corporate asset-backed securities. These
securities, issued by trusts and special purpose corporations, are backed by a
pool of assets, such as credit card and automobile loan receivables,
representing the obligations of a number of different parties.
Corporate asset-backed securities present certain risks. For instance, in
the case of credit card receivables, these securities may not have the benefit
of any security interest in the related collateral. Credit card receivables are
generally unsecured and the debtors are entitled to the protection of a number
of state and federal consumer credit laws, many of which give such debtors the
right to set off certain amounts owed on the credit cards, thereby reducing the
balance due. Most issuers of automobile receivables permit the servicers to
retain possession of the underlying obligations. If the servicer were to sell
these obligations to another party, there is a risk that the purchaser would
acquire an interest superior to that of the holders of the related automobile
receivables. In addition, because of the large number of vehicles involved in a
typical issuance and technical requirements under state laws, the trustee for
the holders of the automobile receivables may not have a proper security
interest in all of the obligations backing such receivables. Therefore, there
is the possibility that recoveries on repossessed collateral may not, in some
cases, be available to support payments on these securities. The underlying
assets (e.g., loans) are also subject to prepayments which shorten the
securities' weighted average life and may lower their return.
Corporate asset-backed securities are often backed by a pool of assets
representing the obligations of a number of different parties. To lessen the
effect of failures by obligors on underlying assets to make payments, the
securities may contain elements of credit support which fall into two
categories: (i) liquidity protection and (ii) protection against losses
resulting from ultimate default by an obligor on the underlying assets.
Liquidity protection refers to the provision of advances, generally by the
entity administering the pool of assets, to ensure that the receipt of payments
on the underlying pool occurs in a timely fashion. Protection against losses
resulting from ultimate default ensures payment through insurance policies or
letters of credit obtained by the issuer or sponsor from third parties. A Fund
will not pay any additional or separate fees for credit support. The degree of
credit support provided for each issue is generally based on historical
information respecting the level of credit risk associated with the underlying
assets. Delinquency or loss in excess of that anticipated or failure of the
credit support could adversely affect the return on an investment in such a
security.
RULE 144A SECURITIES
Consistent with applicable investment restrictions, each of the Funds may
purchase securities that are not registered ("restricted securities") under the
Securities Act of 1933 (the "Securities Act"), but can be offered and sold to
"qualified institutional buyers" under Rule 144A under the Securities Act.
However, none of the Funds invests more than 10% of its net assets in illiquid
investments, which include securities for which there is no readily available
market, securities subject to contractual restrictions on resale and restricted
securities, unless the Board of Trustees of the Trust determines, based on the
trading markets for the specific restricted security, that it is liquid. The
Trustees may adopt guidelines and delegate to the Manager or to a Subadviser
the daily function of determining and monitoring liquidity of restricted
securities. The Trustees, however, retain sufficient oversight and are
ultimately responsible for the determinations.
Since it is not possible to predict with assurance exactly how the market
for restricted securities sold and offered under Rule 144A will develop, the
<PAGE>
Trust's Trustees will carefully monitor each Fund's investments in these
securities, focusing on such factors, among others, as valuation, liquidity and
availability of information.
SECURITIES OF NON-U.S. ISSUERS
Each of the Funds may invest in securities of non-U.S. issuers. Investing
in securities of foreign issuers may involve significant risks not present in
domestic investments. For example, the value of such securities fluctuates
based on the relative strength on the U.S. dollar. In addition, there is
generally less publicly available information about foreign issuers,
particularly those not subject to the disclosure and reporting requirements of
the U.S. securities laws. Non-U.S. issuers are generally not bound by uniform
accounting, auditing and financial reporting requirements comparable to those
applicable to domestic issuers. Investments in securities of non-U.S. issuers
also involve the risk of possible adverse changes in investment or exchange
control regulations, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, limitation on the
removal of funds or other assets of the Fund, political or financial
instability or diplomatic and other developments which would affect such
investments. Further, economies of other countries or areas of the world may
differ favorably or unfavorably from the economy of the U.S.
It is anticipated that in most cases the best available market for
securities of non-U.S. issuers would be on exchanges or in over-the-counter
markets located outside the U.S. Non-U.S. stock markets, while growing in
volume and sophistication, are generally not as developed as those in the U.S.,
and securities of some non-U.S. issuers (particularly those located in
developing countries) may be less liquid and more volatile than securities of
comparable U.S. companies. Non-U.S. security trading practices, including those
involving securities settlement where the Fund's assets may be released prior
to receipt of payments, may expose the Fund to increased risk in the event of a
failed trade or the insolvency of a non-U.S. broker-dealer. In addition,
foreign brokerage commissions are generally higher than commissions on
securities traded in the U.S. and may be non-negotiable. In general, there is
less overall governmental supervision and regulation of non-U.S. securities
exchanges, brokers and listed companies than in the U.S.
Investments in closed-end investment companies which primarily hold
securities of non-U.S. issuers may entail the risk that the market value of
such investments may be substantially less than their net asset value and that
there would be duplication of investment management and other fees and
expenses.
American Depositary Receipts ("ADRs"), European Depositary Receipts
("EDRs"), Global Depositary Receipts ("GDRs") and other forms of depositary
receipts for securities of non-U.S. issuers provide an alternative method for
the Funds to make non-U.S. investments. These securities are not usually
denominated in the same currency as the securities into which they may be
converted. Generally, ADRs, in registered form, are designed for use in U.S.
securities markets and EDRs and GDRs, in bearer form, are designed for use in
European and global securities markets. ADRs are receipts typically issued by a
U.S. bank or trust company evidencing ownership of the underlying securities.
EDRs and GDRs are European and global receipts, respectively, evidencing a
similar arrangement.
The Funds may invest in securities of non-U.S. issuers that impose
restrictions on transfer within the United States or to United States persons.
Although securities subject to such transfer restrictions may be marketable
abroad, they may be less liquid than securities of non-U.S. issuers of the same
class that are not subject to such restrictions.
<PAGE>
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
Each of the Funds may invest in repurchase agreements collateralized by
securities in which that Fund may otherwise invest. Repurchase agreements are
agreements by which a Fund purchases a security and simultaneously commits to
resell that security to the seller (which is usually a member bank of the U.S.
Federal Reserve System or a member firm of the New York Stock Exchange (or a
subsidiary thereof)) at an agreed upon date within a number of days (usually
not more than seven) from the date of purchase. The resale price reflects the
purchase price plus an agreed upon market rate of interest which is unrelated
to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased security. A repurchase
agreement involves the obligation of the seller to pay the agreed upon price,
which obligation is in effect secured by the value of the underlying security,
usually U.S. Government or Government agency issues. Under the Investment
Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act"), repurchase agreements may be
considered to be loans by the buyer. A Fund's risk is limited to the ability of
the seller to pay the agreed-upon amount on the delivery date. If the seller
defaults, the underlying security constitutes collateral for the seller's
obligation to pay although that Fund may incur certain costs in liquidating
this collateral and in certain cases may not be permitted to liquidate this
collateral. All repurchase agreements entered into by the Funds are fully
collateralized, with such collateral being marked to market daily.
LENDING OF SECURITIES
Consistent with applicable regulatory requirements and in order to
generate income, each of the Funds may lend its securities to broker-dealers
and other institutional borrowers. Such loans will usually be made only to
member banks of the U.S. Federal Reserve System and to member firms of the New
York Stock Exchange (and subsidiaries thereof). Loans of securities would be
secured continuously by collateral in cash, cash equivalents, or U.S. Treasury
obligations maintained on a current basis at an amount at least equal to the
market value of the securities loaned. The cash collateral would be invested in
high quality short-term instruments. A Fund would have the right to call a loan
and obtain the securities loaned at any time on customary industry settlement
notice (which will not usually exceed three business days). During the
existence of a loan, a Fund would continue to receive the equivalent of the
interest or dividends paid by the issuer on the securities loaned and would
also receive compensation based on investment of cash collateral or a fee from
the borrower in the event the collateral consists of securities. The Fund,
would not, however, have the right to vote any securities having voting rights
during the existence of the loan, but would call the loan in anticipation of an
important vote to be taken among holders of the securities or of the giving or
withholding of their consent on a material matter affecting the investment. As
with other extensions of credit, there are risks of delay in recovery or even
loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. However,
the loans would be made only to entities deemed by the Manager or a Subadviser
to be of good standing, and when, in the judgment of the Manager or a
Subadviser, the consideration which can be earned currently from loans of this
type justifies the attendant risk. If the Manager or a Subadviser determines to
make loans, it is not intended that the value of the securities loaned would
exceed 30% of the value of the respective Fund's total assets.
WHEN-ISSUED SECURITIES
Each of the Funds may purchase securities on a "when-issued" or on a
"forward delivery" basis. It is expected that, under normal circumstances, the
applicable Fund would take delivery of such securities. When a Fund commits to
purchase a security on a "when-issued" or on a "forward delivery" basis, it
sets up procedures consistent with Securities and Exchange Commission policies.
Since those policies currently require that an amount of a Fund's assets equal
to the amount of the purchase be held aside or segregated to be used to pay for
<PAGE>
the commitment, the respective Fund expects always to have cash, cash
equivalents, or high quality debt securities sufficient to cover any
commitments or to limit any potential risk. However, even though the Funds do
not intend to make such purchases for speculative purposes and intend to adhere
to the provisions of Securities and Exchange Commission policies, purchases of
securities on such bases may involve more risk than other types of purchases.
For example, a Fund may have to sell assets which have been set aside in order
to meet redemptions. Also, if the Manager or a Subadviser determines it is
advisable as a matter of investment strategy to sell the "when-issued" or
"forward delivery" securities, the Fund would be required to meet its
obligations from the then available cash flow or the sale of securities, or,
although it would not normally expect to do so, from the sale of the
"when-issued" or "forward delivery" securities themselves (which may have a
value greater or less than the Fund's payment obligation).
FOREIGN CURRENCY EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS
Because each of the Funds may buy and sell securities denominated in
currencies other than the U.S. dollar, and receive interest, dividends and sale
proceeds in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, the Funds may enter into
foreign currency exchange transactions to convert United States currency to
foreign currency and foreign currency to United States currency, as well as
convert foreign currency to other foreign currencies. A Fund either enters into
these transactions on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in
the foreign currency exchange market, or uses forward contracts to purchase or
sell foreign currencies. The Funds may also enter into foreign currency hedging
transactions in an attempt to protect the value of the assets of the respective
Fund as measured in U.S. dollars from unfavorable changes in currency exchange
rates and control regulations. (Although each Fund's assets are valued daily in
terms of U.S. dollars, the Trust does not intend to convert a Fund's holdings
of other currencies into U.S. dollars on a daily basis.)
The Funds may convert currency on a spot basis from time to time, and
investors should be aware of the costs of currency conversion. Although
currency exchange dealers do not charge a fee for conversion, they do realize a
profit based on the difference (the "spread") between the prices at which they
are buying and selling various currencies. Thus, a dealer may offer to sell a
currency at one rate, while offering a lesser rate of exchange should the Fund
desire to resell that currency to the dealer.
A forward contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific
currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date
of the contract, agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the
contract. These contracts are traded in the interbank market conducted directly
between currency traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers.
A forward contract generally has no deposit requirement, and no fees or
commissions are charged at any stage for trades.
When a Fund enters into a contract for the purchase or sale of a security
denominated in a non-U.S. currency, it may desire to "lock in" the U.S. dollar
price of the security. By entering into a forward contract for the purchase or
sale, for a fixed amount of U.S. dollars, of the amount of non-U.S. currency
involved in the underlying security transaction, the Fund will be able to
protect against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the
relationship between the U.S. dollar and the non-U.S. currency during the
period between the date the security is purchased or sold and the date on which
payment is made or received.
When the Manager or a Subadviser believes that the currency of a
particular country may suffer a substantial decline against the U.S. dollar, a
Fund may enter into a forward contract to sell, for a fixed amount of U.S.
dollars, the amount of non-U.S. currency approximating the value of some or all
of the Fund's securities denominated in such non-U.S. currency. The precise
matching of the forward contract amounts and the value of the securities
<PAGE>
involved is not generally possible since the future value of such securities in
non-U.S. currencies changes as a consequence of market movements in the value
of those securities between the date the forward contract is entered into and
the date it matures. The projection of a short-term hedging strategy is highly
uncertain. The Funds do not enter into such forward contracts or maintain a net
exposure to such contracts where the consummation of the contracts obligates a
Fund to deliver an amount of non-U.S. currency in excess of the value of the
Fund's securities or other assets denominated in that currency. Under normal
circumstances, consideration of the prospect for currency parities will be
incorporated in the investment decisions made with regard to overall
diversification strategies. However, the Manager believes that it is important
to have the flexibility to enter into such forward contracts when it determines
that the best interests of the Fund will be served.
The Funds generally would not enter into a forward contract with a term
greater than one year. At the maturity of a forward contract, a Fund will
either sell the security and make delivery of the non-U.S. currency, or retain
the security and terminate its contractual obligation to deliver the non-U.S.
currency by purchasing an "offsetting" contract with the same currency trader
obligating it to purchase, on the same maturity date, the same amount of the
non-U.S. currency. If a Fund retains the security and engages in an offsetting
transaction, the Fund will incur a gain or a loss (as described below) to the
extent that there has been movement in forward contract prices. If a Fund
engages in an offsetting transaction, it may subsequently enter into a new
forward contract to sell the non-U.S. currency. Should forward prices decline
during the period between the date a Fund enters into a forward contract for
the sale of the non-U.S. currency and the date it enters into an offsetting
contract for the purchase of such currency, the Fund will realize a gain to the
extent the selling price of the currency exceeds the purchase price of the
currency. Should forward prices increase, the Fund will suffer a loss to the
extent that the purchase price of the currency exceeds the selling price of the
currency.
It is impossible to forecast with precision the market value of Fund
securities at the expiration of the contract. Accordingly, it may be necessary
for a Fund to purchase additional non-U.S. currency on the spot market if the
market value of the security is less than the amount of non-U.S. currency the
Fund is obligated to deliver and if a decision is made to sell the security and
make delivery of such currency. Conversely, it may be necessary to sell on the
spot market some of the non-U.S. currency received upon the sale of the
security if its market value exceeds the amount of such currency the Fund is
obligated to deliver.
Each of the Funds may also purchase put options on a non-U.S. currency in
order to protect against currency rate fluctuations. If a Fund purchases a put
option on a non-U.S. currency and the value of the U.S. currency declines, the
Fund will have the right to sell the non-U.S. currency for a fixed amount in
U.S. dollars and will thereby offset, in whole or in part, the adverse effect
on the Fund which otherwise would have resulted. Conversely, where a rise in
the U.S. dollar value of another currency is projected, and where the Fund
anticipates investing in securities traded in such currency, the Fund may
purchase call options on the non-U.S. currency.
The purchase of such options could offset, at least partially, the
effects of the adverse movements in exchange rates. However, the benefit to the
Fund from purchases of foreign currency options will be reduced by the amount
of the premium and related transaction costs. In addition, where currency
exchange rates do not move in the direction or to the extent anticipated, the
Fund could sustain losses on transactions in foreign currency options which
would require it to forgo a portion or all of the benefits of advantageous
changes in such rates.
The Funds may write options on non-U.S. currencies for hedging purposes
or otherwise to achieve their investment objectives. For example, where a Fund
anticipates a decline in the value of the U.S. dollar value of a foreign
security due to adverse fluctuations in exchange rates it could, instead of
purchasing a put option, write a call option on the relevant currency. If the
expected decline occurs, the option will most likely not be exercised, and the
<PAGE>
diminution in value of the security held by the Fund will be offset by the
amount of the premium received.
Similarly, instead of purchasing a call option to hedge against an
anticipated increase in the cost of a foreign security to be acquired because
of an increase in the U.S. dollar value of the currency in which the underlying
security is primarily traded, a Fund could write a put option on the relevant
currency which, if rates move in the manner projected, will expire unexercised
and allow the Fund to hedge such increased cost up to the amount of the
premium. However, the writing of a currency option will constitute only a
partial hedge up to the amount of the premium, and only if rates move in the
expected direction. If this does not occur, the option may be exercised and the
Fund would be required to purchase or sell the underlying currency at a loss
which may not be offset by the amount of the premium. Through the writing of
options on currencies, a Fund also may be required to forgo all or a portion of
the benefits which might otherwise have been obtained from favorable movements
in exchange rates.
Put and call options on non-U.S. currencies written by a Fund will be
covered by segregation of cash, short-term money market instruments or high
quality debt securities in an account with the custodian in an amount
sufficient to discharge the Fund's obligations with respect to the option, by
acquisition of the non-U.S. currency or of a right to acquire such currency (in
the case of a call option) or the acquisition of a right to dispose of the
currency (in the case of a put option), or in such other manner as may be in
accordance with the requirements of any exchange on which, or the counterparty
with which, the option is traded and applicable laws and regulations.
Investing in ADRs and other depositary receipts presents many of the same
risks regarding currency exchange rates as investing directly in securities
traded in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Because the securities
underlying ADRs are traded primarily in non-U.S. currencies, changes in
currency exchange rates will affect the value of these receipts. For example,
decline in the U.S. dollar value of another currency in which securities are
primarily traded will reduce the U.S. dollar value of such securities, even if
their value in the other non-U.S. currency remains constant, and thus will
reduce the value of the receipts covering such securities. A Fund may employ
any of the above described foreign currency hedging techniques to protect the
value of its assets invested in depositary receipts.
Of course, a Fund is not required to enter into the transactions
described above and does not do so unless deemed appropriate by the Manager or
a Subadviser. It should also be realized that this method of protecting the
value of a Fund's securities against a decline in the value of a currency does
not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of the securities.
Additionally, although such contracts tend to minimize the risk of loss due to
a decline in the value of the hedged currency, they also tend to limit any
potential gain which might result should the value of such currency increase.
Each Fund has established procedures consistent with policies of the
Securities and Exchange Commission concerning forward contracts. Since those
policies currently recommend that an amount of a Fund's assets equal to the
amount of the purchase be held aside or segregated to be used to pay for the
commitment, each Fund expects to always have cash, cash equivalents or high
quality debt securities available sufficient to cover any commitments under
these contracts or to limit any potential risk.
OPTIONS
Each of the Funds may write covered call and put options and purchase
call and put options on securities. Call and put options written by a Fund may
be covered in the manner set forth below.
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A call option written by a Fund is "covered" if the Fund owns the
security underlying the call or has an absolute and immediate right to acquire
that security without additional cash consideration (or for additional cash
consideration held in a segregated account by its custodian) upon conversion or
exchange of other securities held in its portfolio. A call option is also
covered if a Fund holds a call on the same security and in the same principal
amount as the call written where the exercise price of the call held (a) is
equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written or (b) is greater
than the exercise price of the call written if the difference is maintained by
a Fund in cash, short-term money market instruments or high quality debt
securities in a segregated account with its custodian. A put option written by
a Fund is "covered" if the Fund maintains cash, short term money market
instruments or high quality debt securities with a value equal to the exercise
price in a segregated account with its custodian, or else holds a put on the
same security and in the same principal amount as the put written where the
exercise price of the put held is equal to or greater than the exercise price
of the put written or where the exercise price of the put held is less than the
exercise price of the put written if the difference is maintained by the Fund
in cash, short-term money market instruments or high quality debt securities in
a segregated account with its custodian. Put and call options written by a Fund
may also be covered in such other manner as may be in accordance with the
requirements of the exchange on which, or the counter party with which, the
option is traded, and applicable laws and regulations. If the writer's
obligation is not so covered, it is subject to the risk of the full change in
value of the underlying security from the time the option is written until
exercise.
Each of the Funds may purchase options for hedging purposes or to
increase the Fund's return. Put options may be purchased to hedge against a
decline in the value of portfolio securities. If such decline occurs, the put
options will permit a Fund to sell the securities at the exercise price, or to
close out the options at a profit. By using put options in this way, the Fund
will reduce any profit it might otherwise have realized in the underlying
security by the amount of the premium paid for the put option and by
transaction costs.
Each of the Funds may purchase call options to hedge against an increase
in the price of securities that the Fund anticipates purchasing in the future.
If such increase occurs, the call option will permit the Fund to purchase the
securities at the exercise price, or to close out the options at a profit. The
premium paid for the call option plus any transaction costs will reduce the
benefit, if any, realized by the Fund upon exercise of the option, and, unless
the price of the underlying security rises sufficiently, the option may expire
worthless to the Fund.
Each of the Funds may write (sell) covered call and put options and
purchase call and put options on stock indices. In contrast to an option on a
security, an option on a stock index provides the holder with the right, but
not the obligation, to make or receive a cash settlement upon exercise of the
option, rather than the right to purchase or sell a security. The amount of
this settlement is equal to (i) the amount, if any, by which the fixed exercise
price of the option exceeds (in the case of a call) or is below (in the case of
a put) the closing value of the underlying index on the date of exercise,
multiplied by (ii) a fixed "index multiplier."
Each of the Funds may cover call options on stock indices by owning
securities whose price changes, in the opinion of the Manager or a Subadviser,
are expected to be similar to those of the underlying index, or by having an
absolute and immediate right to acquire such securities without additional cash
consideration (or for additional cash consideration held in a segregated
account by its custodian) upon conversion or exchange of other securities in
its portfolio. Where a Fund covers a call option on a stock index through
ownership of securities, such securities may not match the composition of the
index and, in that event, the Fund will not be fully covered and could be
subject to risk of loss in the event of adverse changes in the value of the
<PAGE>
index. A Fund may also cover call options on stock indices by holding a call on
the same index and in the same principal amount as the call written where the
exercise price of the call held (a) is equal to or less than the exercise price
of the call written or (b) is greater than the exercise price of the call
written if the difference is maintained by the Fund in cash, short-term money
market instruments or high quality debt securities in a segregated account with
its custodian. A Fund may cover put options on stock indices by maintaining
cash, short-term money market instruments or high quality debt securities with
a value equal to the exercise price in a segregated account with its custodian,
or by holding a put on the same stock index and in the same principal amount as
the put written where the exercise price of the put held is equal to or greater
than the exercise price of the put written or where the exercise price of the
put held is less than the exercise price of the put written if the difference
is maintained by the Fund in cash, short-term money market instruments or high
quality debt securities in a segregated account with its custodian. Put and
call options on stock indices may also be covered in such other manner as may
be in accordance with the rules of the exchange on which, or the counterparty
with which, the option is traded and applicable laws and regulations.
A Fund will receive a premium from writing a put or call option, which
increases the Fund's gross income in the event the option expires unexercised
or is closed out at a profit. If the value of an index on which a Fund has
written a call option falls or remains the same, the Fund will realize a profit
in the form of the premium received (less transaction costs) that could offset
all or a portion of any decline in the value of the securities it owns. If the
value of the index rises, however, the Fund will realize a loss in its call
option position, which will reduce the benefit of any unrealized appreciation
in the Fund's stock investments. By writing a put option, a Fund assumes the
risk of a decline in the index. To the extent that the price changes of
securities owned by a Fund correlate with changes in the value of the index,
writing covered put options on indices will increase the Fund's losses in the
event of a market decline, although such losses will be offset in part by the
premium received for writing the option.
Each of the Funds may also purchase put options on stock indices to hedge
the Fund's investments against a decline in value. By purchasing a put option
on a stock index, a Fund will seek to offset a decline in the value of
securities it owns through appreciation of the put option. If the value of the
Fund's investments does not decline as anticipated, or if the value of the
option does not increase, the Fund's loss will be limited to the premium paid
for the option plus related transaction costs. The success of this strategy
will largely depend on the accuracy of the correlation between the changes in
value of the index and the changes in value of the Fund's security holdings.
The purchase of call options on stock indices may be used by a Fund to
attempt to reduce the risk of missing a broad market advance, or an advance in
an industry or market segment, at a time when the Fund holds uninvested cash or
short-term debt securities awaiting investment. When purchasing call options
for this purpose, a Fund will also bear the risk of losing all or a portion of
the premium paid if the value of the index does not rise. The purchase of call
options on stock indices when a Fund is substantially fully invested is a form
of leverage, up to the amount of the premium and related transaction costs, and
involves risks of loss and of increased volatility similar to those involved in
purchasing calls on securities the Fund owns.
Each of the Funds may purchase and write options on foreign currencies in
a manner similar to that in which futures contracts on foreign currencies, or
forward contracts, will be utilized.
FUTURES CONTRACTS
Each of the Funds may enter into interest rate futures contracts, stock
index futures contracts and/or foreign currency futures contracts. Such
investment strategies will be used for hedging purposes and for nonhedging
purposes, subject to applicable law.
<PAGE>
A futures contract is an agreement between two parties for the purchase
or sale for future delivery of securities or for the payment or acceptance of a
cash settlement based upon changes in the value of the securities or of an
index of securities. A "sale" of a futures contract means the acquisition of a
contractual obligation to deliver the securities called for by the contract at
a specified price, or to make or accept the cash settlement called for by the
contract, on a specified date. A "purchase" of a futures contract means the
acquisition of a contractual obligation to acquire the securities called for by
the contract at a specified price, or to make or accept the cash settlement
called for by the contract, on a specified date. Futures contracts have been
designed by exchanges which have been designated "contract markets" by the
Commodity Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC") and must be executed through a
futures commission merchant, or brokerage firm, which is a member of the
relevant contract market. Futures contracts trade on these markets, and the
exchanges, through their clearing organizations, guarantee that the contracts
will be performed as between the clearing members of the exchange.
While futures contracts based on debt securities do provide for the
delivery and acceptance of securities, such deliveries and acceptances are very
seldom made. Generally, a futures contract is terminated by entering into an
offsetting transaction. Brokerage fees will be incurred when a Fund purchases
or sells a futures contract. At the same time such a purchase or sale is made,
the Fund must provide cash or securities as a deposit ("initial deposit") known
as "margin." The initial deposit required will vary, but may be as low as 1% or
less of a contract's face value. Daily thereafter, the futures contract is
valued through a process known as "marking to market," and the Fund may receive
or be required to pay additional "variation margin" as the futures contract
becomes more or less valuable. At the time of delivery of securities pursuant
to such a contract, adjustments are made to recognize differences in value
arising from the delivery of securities with a different interest rate than the
specific security that provides the standard for the contract. In some (but not
many) cases, securities called for by a futures contract may not have been
issued when the contract was entered into.
A Fund may purchase or sell futures contracts to attempt to protect the
Fund from fluctuations in interest rates, or to manage the effective maturity
or duration of the Fund's portfolio in an effort to reduce potential losses or
enhance potential gain, without actually buying or selling debt securities. For
example, if interest rates were expected to increase, the Fund might enter into
futures contracts for the sale of debt securities. Such a sale would have much
the same effect as if the Fund sold bonds that it owned, or as if the Fund sold
longer-term bonds and purchased shorter-term bonds. If interest rates did
increase, the value of the Fund's debt securities would decline, but the value
of the futures contracts would increase, thereby keeping the net asset value of
the Fund from declining as much as it otherwise would have. Similar results
could be accomplished by selling bonds, or by selling bonds with longer
maturities and investing in bonds with shorter maturities. However, by using
futures contracts, the Fund avoids having to sell its securities.
Similarly, when it is expected that interest rates may decline, a Fund
might enter into futures contracts for the purchase of debt securities. Such a
purchase would be intended to have much the same effect as if the Fund
purchased bonds, or as if the Fund sold shorter-term bonds and purchased
longer-term bonds. If interest rates did decline, the value of the futures
contracts would increase.
Each of the Funds may purchase and sell foreign currency futures
contracts to attempt to protect its current or intended investments from
fluctuations in currency exchange rates. Such fluctuations could reduce the
dollar value of portfolio securities denominated in foreign currencies, or
increase the cost of foreign-denominated securities to be acquired, even if the
value of such securities in the currencies in which they are denominated
remains constant. A Fund may sell futures contracts on a foreign currency, for
example, where it holds securities denominated in such currency and it
anticipates a decline in the value of such currency relative to the dollar. In
<PAGE>
the event such decline occurs, the resulting adverse effect on the value of
foreign-denominated securities may be offset, in whole or in part, by gains on
the futures contracts.
Conversely, the Fund could protect against a rise in the dollar cost of
foreign-denominated securities to be acquired by purchasing futures contracts
on the relevant currency, which could offset, in whole or in part, the
increased cost of such securities resulting from a rise in the dollar value of
the underlying currencies. Where the Fund purchases futures contracts under
such circumstances, however, and the prices of securities to be acquired
instead decline, the Fund will sustain losses on its futures position which
could reduce or eliminate the benefits of the reduced cost of portfolio
securities to be acquired.
Although the use of futures for hedging should tend to minimize the risk
of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged position (e.g., if a Fund
sells a futures contract to protect against losses in the debt securities held
by the Fund), at the same time the futures contract limits any potential gain
which might result from an increase in value of a hedged position.
In addition, the ability effectively to hedge all or a portion of a
Fund's investments through transactions in futures contracts depends on the
degree to which movements in the value of the debt securities underlying such
contracts correlate with movements in the value of the Fund's securities. If
the security underlying a futures contract is different than the security being
hedged, they may not move to the same extent or in the same direction. In that
event, the Fund's hedging strategy might not be successful and the Fund could
sustain losses on these hedging transactions which would not be offset by gains
on the Fund's other investments or, alternatively, the gains on the hedging
transaction might not be sufficient to offset losses on the Fund's other
investments. It is also possible that there may be a negative correlation
between the security underlying a futures contract and the securities being
hedged, which could result in losses both on the hedging transaction and the
securities. In these and other instances, the Fund's overall return could be
less than if the hedging transactions had not been undertaken. Similarly, even
where a Fund enters into futures transactions other than for hedging purposes,
the effectiveness of its strategy may be affected by lack of correlation
between changes in the value of the futures contracts and changes in value of
the securities which the Fund would otherwise buy and sell.
The ordinary spreads between prices in the cash and futures markets, due
to differences in the nature of those markets, are subject to distortions.
First, all participants in the futures market are subject to initial deposit
and variation margin requirements. Rather than meeting additional variation
margin requirements, investors may close out futures contracts through
offsetting transactions which could distort the normal relationship between the
cash and futures markets. Second, there is the potential that the liquidity of
the futures market may be lacking. Prior to expiration, a futures contract may
be terminated only by entering into a closing purchase or sale transaction,
which requires a secondary market on the contract market on which the futures
contract was originally entered into. While a Fund will establish a futures
position only if there appears to be a liquid secondary market therefor, there
can be no assurance that such a market will exist for any particular futures
contract at any specific time. In that event, it may not be possible to close
out a position held by the Fund, which could require the Fund to purchase or
sell the instrument underlying the futures contract or to meet ongoing
variation margin requirements. The inability to close out futures positions
also could have an adverse impact on the ability effectively to use futures
transactions for hedging or other purposes.
The liquidity of a secondary market in a futures contract may be
adversely affected by "daily price fluctuation limits" established by the
exchanges, which limit the amount of fluctuation in the price of a futures
contract during a single trading day and prohibit trading beyond such limits
<PAGE>
once they have been reached. The trading of futures contracts also is subject
to the risk of trading halts, suspensions, exchange or clearing house equipment
failures, government intervention, insolvency of a brokerage firm or clearing
house or other disruptions of normal trading activity, which could at times
make it difficult or impossible to liquidate existing positions or to recover
excess variation margin payments.
Investments in futures contracts also entail the risk that if the
Manager's or a Subadviser's investment judgment about the general direction of
interest rates is incorrect, the Fund's overall performance may be poorer than
if any such contract had not been entered into. For example, if a Fund hedged
against the possibility of an increase in interest rates which would adversely
affect the price of the Fund's bonds and interest rates decrease instead, part
or all of the benefit of the increased value of the Fund's bonds which were
hedged will be lost because the Fund will have offsetting losses in its futures
positions. Similarly, if a Fund purchases futures contracts expecting a
decrease in interest rates and interest rates instead increased, the Fund will
have losses in its futures positions which will increase the amount of the
losses on the securities in its portfolio which will also decline in value
because of the increase in interest rates. In addition, in such situations, if
the Fund has insufficient cash, the Fund may have to sell bonds from its
investments to meet daily variation margin requirements, possibly at a time
when it may be disadvantageous to do so.
Each contract market on which futures contracts are traded has
established a number of limitations governing the maximum number of positions
which may be held by a trader, whether acting alone or in concert with others.
The Manager does not believe that these trading and position limits would have
an adverse impact on a Fund's hedging strategies.
CFTC regulations require compliance with certain limitations in order to
assure that a Fund is not deemed to be a "commodity pool" under such
regulations. In particular, CFTC regulations prohibit a Fund from purchasing or
selling futures contracts (other than for bona fide hedging transactions) if,
immediately thereafter, the sum of the amount of initial margin required to
establish that Fund's non-hedging futures positions would exceed 5% of that
Fund's net assets.
Each Fund will comply with this CFTC requirement, and each Fund currently
intends to adhere to the additional policies described below. First, an amount
of cash or cash equivalents will be maintained by each Fund in a segregated
account with the Fund's custodian so that the amount so segregated, plus the
initial margin held on deposit, will be approximately equal to the amount
necessary to satisfy the Fund's obligations under the futures contract. The
second is that a Fund will not enter into a futures contract if immediately
thereafter the amount of initial margin deposits on all the futures contracts
held by the Fund would exceed approximately 5% of the net assets of the Fund.
The third is that the aggregate market value of the futures contracts held by a
Fund not exceed approximately 50% of the market value of the Fund's total
assets other than its futures contracts. For purposes of this third policy,
"market value" of a futures contract is deemed to be the amount obtained by
multiplying the number of units covered by the futures contract times the per
unit price of the securities covered by that contract.
The ability of a Fund to engage in futures transactions may be limited by
the current federal income tax requirement that less than 30% of a Fund's gross
income be derived from the sale or other disposition of stock or securities
held for less than three months. In addition, the use of futures contracts may
increase the amount of taxable income of a Fund and may affect the amount,
timing and character of a Fund's income for tax purposes, as more fully
discussed herein in the section entitled "Certain Additional Tax Matters."
<PAGE>
OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS
Each of the Funds may purchase and write options to buy or sell futures
contracts in which the Fund may invest. Such investment strategies will be used
for hedging purposes and for non-hedging purposes, subject to applicable law.
An option on a futures contract provides the holder with the right to
enter into a "long" position in the underlying futures contract, in the case of
a call option, or a "short" position in the underlying futures contract, in the
case of a put option, at a fixed exercise price up to a stated expiration date
or, in the case of certain options, on such date. Upon exercise of the option
by the holder, the contract market clearinghouse establishes a corresponding
short position for the writer of the option, in the case of a call option, or a
corresponding long position in the case of a put option. In the event that an
option is exercised, the parties will be subject to all the risks associated
with the trading of futures contracts, such as payment of initial and variation
margin deposits. In addition, the writer of an option on a futures contract,
unlike the holder, is subject to initial and variation margin requirements on
the option position.
A position in an option on a futures contract may be terminated by the
purchaser or seller prior to expiration by effecting a closing purchase or sale
transaction, subject to the availability of a liquid secondary market, which is
the purchase or sale of an option of the same series, (i.e., the same exercise
price and expiration date) as the option previously purchased or sold. The
difference between the premiums paid and received represents the trader's
profits or loss on the transaction.
Options on futures contracts that are written or purchased by a Fund on
U.S. exchanges are traded on the same contract market as the underlying futures
contract, and, like futures contracts, are subject to regulation by the CFTC
and the performance guarantee of the exchange clearinghouse. In addition,
options on futures contracts may be traded on foreign exchanges.
Each of the Funds may cover the writing of call options on futures
contracts (a) through purchases of the underlying futures contract, (b) through
ownership of the instrument, or instruments included in the index, underlying
the futures contract, or (c) through the holding of a call on the same futures
contract and in the same principal amount as the call written where the
exercise price of the call held (i) is equal to or less than the exercise price
of the call written or (ii) is greater than the exercise price of the call
written if the difference is maintained by the Fund in cash or securities in a
segregated account with its custodian. A Fund may cover the writing of put
options on futures contracts (a) through sales of the underlying futures
contract, (b) through segregation of cash, short-term money market instruments
or high quality debt securities in an amount equal to the value of the security
or index underlying the futures contract, (c) through the holding of a put on
the same futures contract and in the same principal amount as the put written
where the exercise price of the put held is equal to or greater than the
exercise price of the put written or where the exercise price of the put held
is less than the exercise price of the put written if the difference is
maintained by a Fund in cash, short-term money market instruments or high
quality debt securities in a segregated account with its custodian. Put and
call options on futures contracts may also be covered in such other manner as
may be in accordance with the rules of the exchange on which the option is
traded and applicable laws and regulations. Upon the exercise of a call option
on a futures contract written by a Fund, the Fund will be required to sell the
underlying futures contract which, if the Fund has covered its obligation
through the purchase of such contract, will serve to liquidate its futures
position. Similarly, where a put option on a futures contract written by a Fund
is exercised, the Fund will be required to purchase the underlying futures
contract which, if the Fund has covered its obligation through the sale of such
contract, will close out its futures position.
<PAGE>
The writing of a call option on a futures contract constitutes a partial
hedge against declining prices of the securities deliverable on exercise of the
futures contract. A Fund will receive an option premium when it writes the
call, and, if the price of the futures contract at expiration of the option is
below the option exercise price, the Fund will retain the full amount of this
option premium, which provides a partial hedge against any decline that may
have occurred in the Fund's security holdings. Similarly, the writing of a put
option on a futures contract constitutes a partial hedge against increasing
prices of the securities deliverable upon exercise of the futures contract. If
a Fund writes an option on a futures contract and that option is exercised, the
Fund may incur a loss, which loss will be reduced by the amount of the option
premium received, less related transaction costs. A Fund's ability to hedge
effectively through transactions in options on futures contracts depends on,
among other factors, the degree of correlation between changes in the value of
securities held by the Fund and changes in the value of its futures positions.
This correlation cannot be expected to be exact, and the Fund bears a risk that
the value of the futures contract being hedged will not move in the same
amount, or even in the same direction, as the hedging instrument. Thus it may
be possible for a Fund to incur a loss on both the hedging instrument and the
futures contract being hedged.
Each of the Funds may purchase options on futures contracts for hedging
purposes instead of purchasing or selling the underlying futures contracts. For
example, where a decrease in the value of portfolio securities is anticipated
as a result of a projected market-wide decline or changes in interest or
exchange rates, a Fund could, in lieu of selling futures contracts, purchase
put options thereon. In the event that such decrease occurs, it may be offset,
in whole or part, by a profit on the option. Conversely, where it is projected
that the value of securities to be acquired by a Fund will increase prior to
acquisition, due to a market advance or changes in interest or exchange rates,
the Fund could purchase call options on futures contracts, rather than
purchasing the underlying futures contracts.
4. INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The Trust, on behalf of the Funds, has adopted the following policies
which may not be changed with respect to any Fund without approval by holders
of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of that Fund, which as used
in this Statement of Additional Information means the vote of the lesser of (i)
67% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund present at a
meeting at which the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding voting
securities of the Fund are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more than
50% of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. The term "voting
securities" as used in this paragraph has the same meaning as in the 1940 Act.
None of the Funds may:
(1) Borrow money, except that as a temporary measure for extraordinary or
emergency purposes it may borrow in an amount not to exceed 1/3 of the current
value of its net assets, including the amount borrowed (nor purchase any
securities at any time at which borrowings exceed 5% of the total assets of the
Fund, taken at market value). It is intended that a Fund would borrow money
only from banks and only to accommodate requests for the repurchase of shares
of the Fund while effecting an orderly liquidation of portfolio securities.
(2) Make loans to other persons except (a) through the lending of its
portfolio securities and provided that any such loans not exceed 30% of the
Fund's total assets (taken at market value), (b) through the use of repurchase
agreements or the purchase of short-term obligations or (c) by purchasing all
or a portion of an issue of debt securities of types commonly distributed
privately to financial institutions. The purchase of short-term commercial
<PAGE>
paper or a portion of an issue of debt securities which is part of an issue to
the public shall not be considered the making of a loan.
(3) Purchase securities of any issuer if such purchase at the time
thereof would cause with respect to 75% of the total assets of the Fund more
than 10% of the voting securities of such issuer to be held by the Fund, except
that a Fund may invest all or substantially all of its investable assets in
another registered investment company having the same investment objectives and
policies and substantially the same investment restrictions as those with
respect to the Fund (a "Qualifying Portfolio").
(4) Purchase securities of any issuer if such purchase at the time
thereof would cause as to 75% of the Fund's total assets more than 5% of the
Fund's assets (taken at market value) to be invested in the securities of such
issuer (other than securities or obligations issued or guaranteed by the United
States, any state or political subdivision thereof, or any political
subdivision of any such state, or any agency or instrumentality of the United
States or of any state or of any political subdivision of any state), except
that, with respect to each Fund, the Fund may invest all or substantially all
of its investable assets in a Qualifying Portfolio.
(5) Concentrate its investments in any particular industry, but if it is
deemed appropriate for the achievement of the Fund's investment objectives, up
to 25% of its assets, at market value at the time of each investment, may be
invested in any one industry.
(6) Underwrite securities issued by other persons, except that all the
assets of the Fund may be invested in a Qualifying Portfolio and except in so
far as the Fund may technically be deemed an underwriter under the Securities
Act in selling a security.
(7) Purchase or sell real estate (including limited partnership interests
but excluding securities secured by real estate or interests therein),
interests in oil, gas or mineral leases, commodities or commodity contracts in
the ordinary course of business (each Fund reserves the freedom of action to
hold and to sell real estate acquired as a result of the ownership of
securities by the Fund).
(8) Issue any senior security (as that term is defined in the 1940 Act)
if such issuance is specifically prohibited by the 1940 Act or the rules and
regulations promulgated thereunder, provided that collateral arrangements with
respect to options, futures contracts, and options on futures contracts,
including deposits of initial and variation margin, are not considered to be
the issuance of a senior security for purposes of this restriction and except
as appropriate to evidence a debt incurred without violating Investment
Restriction (1) above.
NON-FUNDAMENTAL RESTRICTIONS
Each Fund does not as a matter of operating policy:
(i) borrow money in excess of 10% of the total assets of the Fund (taken
at cost), except that such Fund may borrow up to 25% of its total assets when
such borrowing is necessary to meet redemption requests (moreover, the Fund
will not purchase any securities for the Fund at any time at which borrowings
exceed 5% of the total assets of the Fund (taken at market value)),
(ii) pledge, mortgage or hypothecate for any purpose in excess of 10% of
the net assets of the Fund (taken at market value),
(iii)sell any security which the Fund does not own unless by virtue of
the ownership of other securities there is at the time of sale a right to
<PAGE>
obtain securities, without payment of further consideration, equivalent in kind
and amount to the securities sold and provided that if such right is
conditional the sale is made upon the same conditions (provided that this
limitation shall not prevent the Fund from entering into futures contracts or
options thereon),
(iv) invest for the purpose of exercising control or management, except
that all of the assets of the Fund may be invested in a Qualifying Portfolio,
(v) purchase securities issued by any registered investment company,
except that all of the assets of the Fund may be invested in a Qualifying
Portfolio and except by purchase in the open market where no commission or
profit to a sponsor or dealer results from such purchase other than the
customary broker's commission, or except when such purchase, though not made in
the open market, is part of a plan of merger or consolidation; provided,
however, that the Fund will not purchase the securities of any registered
investment company if such purchase at the time thereof would cause more than
10% of the total assets of the Fund (taken in each case at the greater of cost
or market value) to be invested in the securities of such issuers or would
cause more than 3% of the outstanding voting securities of any such issuer to
be held for the Fund (for purposes of this clause (v) securities of non-U.S.
banks shall be treated as investment company securities, except that debt
securities and non-voting preferred stock of non-U.S. banks are not subject to
the 10% limitation described herein),
(vi) invest more than 15% of the net assets of the Fund in securities
that are not readily marketable, including debt securities for which there is
no established market and fixed time deposits and repurchase agreements
maturing in more than seven days, except that all the assets of the Fund may be
invested in a Qualifying Portfolio,
(vii)purchase or retain any securities issued by an issuer any of whose
officers, directors, trustees or security holders is an officer or Trustee of
the Trust, or is an officer or director of the Manager, if after the purchase
of the securities of such issuer by the Fund, one or more of such persons owns
beneficially more than 1/2 of 1% of the shares or securities, or both, all
taken at market value, of such issuer, and such persons owning more than 1/2 of
1% of such shares or securities together own beneficially more than 5% of such
shares or securities, or both, all taken at market value,
(viii) make short sales of securities or maintain a short position,
unless at all times when a short position is open it owns an equal amount of
such securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable, without payment
of any further consideration, for securities of the same issue as, and equal in
amount to, the securities sold short, and unless not more than 10% of the net
assets of the Fund (taken at market value) is held as collateral for such sales
at any one time (the Funds do not presently intend to make such short sales for
investment purposes), or
(ix) invest more than 20% of is total assets in the securities of issuers
located in any one foreign country, except that the Fund may have an additional
15% of its total assets in the securities of issuers located in any one of the
following countries: Australia, Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, or
Germany.
These policies are not fundamental and may be changed by each Fund
without the approval of its shareholders.
PERCENTAGE AND RATING RESTRICTIONS
If a percentage or rating restriction on investment or utilization of
assets set forth above or referred to in this Registration Statement is adhered
to at the time an investment is made or assets are so utilized, a later change
in percentage resulting from changes in the value of the securities or a later
<PAGE>
change in the rating of the securities held for the Fund will not be considered
a violation of policy.
5. PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
A total rate of return quotation for a Fund is calculated for any period
by (a) dividing (i) the sum of the net asset per share on the last day of the
period and the net asset value per share on the last day of the period of
shares purchasable with dividends and capital gains distributions declared
during such period with respect to a share held at the beginning of such period
and with respect to shares purchased with such dividends and capital gains
distributions, by (ii) the public offering price per share on the first day of
such period, and (b) subtracting 1 from the result. Any annualized total rate
of return quotation is calculated by (x) adding 1 to the period total rate of
return quotation calculated above, (y) raising such sum to a power which is
equal to 365 divided by the number of days in such period, and (z) subtracting
1 from the result. Total rates of return may also be calculated on investments
at various sales charge levels or at net asset value. Any performance data
which is based on a reduced sales charge or net asset value would be reduced if
the maximum sales charge were taken into account.
Any current yield quotation for a Fund consists of an annualized
historical yield, carried at least to the nearest hundredth of one percent,
based on a 30 calendar day or one month period and is calculated by (a) raising
to the sixth power the sum of 1 plus the quotient obtained by dividing the
Fund's net investment income earned during the period by the product of the
average daily number of shares outstanding during the period that were entitled
to receive dividends and the maximum public offering price per share on the
last day of the period, (b) subtracting 1 from the result, and (c) multiplying
the result by 2.
Yields and total returns quoted for a Fund include the effect of
deducting the Fund's expenses, but may not include charges and expenses
attributable to a particular variable annuity contract or variable life
insurance policy. Since shares of the Funds can be purchased only through a
variable annuity contract or variable life insurance policy, a purchaser of
such contract or policy should carefully review the prospectus for the
applicable variable annuity contract or variable life insurance policy for
information on relevant charges and expenses. Including these charges in the
quotations of a Fund's yield and total return would have the effect of
decreasing performance. Performance information for the Funds must always be
accompanied by, and be reviewed with, performance information for the insurance
product which invests in the Funds.
6. DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE; VALUATION OF
SECURITIES; ADDITIONAL REDEMPTION INFORMATION
The net asset value of each share of each Fund is determined each day
during which the New York Stock Exchange is open for trading. As of the date of
this Statement of Additional Information, such Exchange is open for trading
every weekday except for the following holidays (or the days on which they are
observed): New Year's Day, Presidents' Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day,
Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. This
determination of net asset value of shares of a Fund is made once each day as
of the close of regular trading on such Exchange by dividing the value of the
Fund's net assets (i.e., the value of its assets less its liabilities,
including expenses payable or accrued) by the number of shares of the Fund
outstanding at the time the determination is made. A share's net asset value is
effective for orders received by the Trust prior to its calculation and
<PAGE>
received by the Distributor prior to the close of the business day on which
such net asset value is determined.
For purposes of calculating net asset value per share, all assets and
liabilities initially expressed in non-U.S. currencies will be converted into
U.S. dollars at the prevailing market rates at the time of valuation. Equity
securities are valued at the last sale price on the exchange on which they are
primarily traded or on the NASDAQ system for unlisted national market issues,
or at the last quoted bid price for securities in which there were no sales
during the day or for unlisted securities not reported on the NASDAQ system.
Securities listed on a foreign exchange are valued at the last quoted sale
price available before the time when net assets are valued. Bonds and other
fixed income securities (other than short-term obligations) are valued on the
basis of valuations furnished by a pricing service, use of which has been
approved by the Board of Trustees of the Trust. In making such valuations, the
pricing service utilizes both dealer-supplied valuations and electronic data
processing techniques which take into account appropriate factors such as
institutional-size trading in similar groups of securities, yield, quality,
coupon rate, maturity, type of issue, trading characteristics and other market
data, without exclusive reliance upon quoted prices or exchange or
over-the-counter prices, since such valuations are believed to reflect more
accurately the fair value of such securities. Short-term obligations (maturing
in 60 days or less) are valued at amortized cost, which constitutes fair value
as determined by the Board of Trustees of the Trust. Futures contracts are
normally valued at the settlement price on the exchange on which they are
traded. Securities for which there are no such valuations are valued at fair
value as determined in good faith by or at the direction of the Board of
Trustees of the Trust.
Trading in securities on most foreign exchanges and over-the-counter
markets is normally completed before the close of regular trading on the
Exchange and may also take place on days on which the Exchange is closed. If
events materially affecting the value of foreign securities occur between the
time when the exchange on which they are traded closes and the time when a
Fund's net asset value is calculated, such securities will be valued at fair
value in accordance with procedures established by and under the general
supervision of the Board of Trustees of the Trust.
Interest income on long-term obligations held for a Fund is determined on
the basis of interest accrued plus amortization of "original issue discount"
(generally, the difference between issue price and stated redemption price at
maturity) and premiums (generally, the excess of purchase price over stated
redemption price at maturity). Interest income on short-term obligations is
determined on the basis of interest accrued plus amortization of premium.
Subject to compliance with applicable regulations, the Trust has reserved
the right to pay the redemption or repurchase price of shares of the Funds,
either totally or partially, by a distribution in kind of readily marketable
securities (instead of cash). The securities so distributed would be valued at
the same amount as that assigned to them in calculating the net asset value for
the shares or beneficial interests being sold. If a holder of shares or
beneficial interests received a distribution in kind, such holder could incur
brokerage or other charges in converting the securities to cash.
The Trust may suspend the right of redemption or postpone the date of
payment for shares of a Fund more than seven days during any period when (a)
trading in the markets a Fund normally utilizes is restricted, or an emergency,
as defined by the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the "SEC"), exists making disposal of a Fund's investments or
determination of its net asset value not reasonably practicable; (b) the New
<PAGE>
York Stock Exchange is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday
closings); or (c) the SEC has by order permitted such suspension.
7. MANAGEMENT
TRUSTEES
The Trustees and officers of the Trust and their principal occupations
during the past five years are set forth below. Their titles may have varied
during that period. Asterisks indicate that those Trustees and officers are
"interested persons" (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Trust. Unless
otherwise indicated below, the address of each Trustee and officer is 6 St.
James Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts.
TRUSTEES OF THE TRUST
H.B. ALVORD (aged 74) -- Treasurer-Tax Collector, County of Los Angeles
(retired, March, 1984); Chairman, certain registered investment companies in
the 59 Wall Street funds group. His address is 1450 Oleada Road, Pebble Beach,
California.
PHILIP W. COOLIDGE* (aged 45) -- President of the Trust; Chief Executive
Officer, Signature Financial Group, Inc. and The Landmark Funds Broker-Dealer
Services, Inc. (since December, 1988).
RILEY C. GILLEY (aged 70) -- Vice President and General Counsel, Corporate
Property Investors (November, 1988 to December, 1991); Partner, Breed, Abbott &
Morgan (Attorneys) (retired, December, 1987). His address is 4041 Gulf Shore
Boulevard North, Naples, Florida.
DIANA R. HARRINGTON (aged 56) -- Professor, Babson College (since September,
1993); Visiting Professor, Kellogg Graduate School of Management, Northwestern
University (September, 1992 to September, 1993); Professor, Darden Graduate
School of Business, University of Virginia (September, 1978 to September,
1993); Consultant to PanAgora Asset Management (since 1994). Her address is 120
Goulding Street, Holliston, Massachusetts.
SUSAN B. KERLEY (aged 45) -- President, Global Research Associates, Inc.
(Investment Research) (since August, 1990); Manager, Rockefeller & Co. (March,
1988 to July, 1990); Trustee, Mainstay Institutional Funds (since December,
1990). Her address is P.O. Box 9572, New Haven, Connecticut.
C. OSCAR MORONG, JR. (aged 61) -- Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the
Trust; Managing Director, Morong Capital Management (since February, 1993);
Senior Vice President and Investment Manager, CREF Investments, Teachers
Insurance & Annuity Association (retired January, 1993); Director, Indonesia
Fund; Director, MAS Funds. His address is 1385 Outlook Drive West,
Mountainside, New Jersey.
E. KIRBY WARREN (aged 62) -- Professor of Management, Graduate School of
Business, Columbia University (since 1987); Samuel Bronfman Professor of
Democratic Business Enterprise (1978-1987). His address is Columbia University,
Graduate School of Business, 725 Uris Hall, New York, New York.
WILLIAM S. WOODS, JR. (aged 76) -- Vice President-Investments, Sun Company,
Inc. (retired, April, 1984). His address is 35 Colwick Road, Cherry Hill, New
Jersey.
<PAGE>
OFFICERS OF THE TRUST
PHILIP W. COOLIDGE* (aged 45) -- President of the Trust; Chairman, Chief
Executive Officer and President, Signature Financial Group, Inc. and The
Landmark Funds Broker-Dealer Services, Inc. (since December, 1988).
JOHN R. ELDER* (aged 48) -- Treasurer of the Trust; Vice President,
Signature Financial Group, Inc. (since April, 1995); Treasurer of the Phoenix
Family of Mutual Funds, Phoenix Home Life Mutual Insurance Company (1983 to
March, 1995).
LINDA T. GIBSON* (aged 31) -- Assistant Secretary of the Trust; Legal
Counsel, Signature Financial Group, Inc. (since June, 1991); Law Student,
Boston University School of Law (September, 1989 to May, 1992); Product
Manager, Signature Financial Group, Inc. (January, 1989 to September, 1989).
SUSAN JAKUBOSKI* (aged 32) -- Assistant Secretary of the Trust; Manager,
Signature Financial Group (Cayman) Ltd. (since August, 1994); Senior Fund
Administrator, Signature Financial Group, Inc. (since August, 1994); Assistant
Treasurer, Signature Broker-Dealer Services, Inc. (since September, 1994); Fund
Compliance Administrator, Concord Financial Group (November, 1990 to August,
1994); Senior Fund Accountant, Neuberger & Berman Management, Inc. (from
February, 1988 to November, 1990); Customer Service Representative, I.B.J.
Schroder (prior to 1988). Her address is Elizabethan Square, George Town, Grand
Cayman, Cayman Islands, BWI.
THOMAS M. LENZ* (aged 38) -- Secretary of the Trust; Vice President and
Associate General Counsel, Signature Financial Group, Inc. (since November,
1989); Assistant Secretary, Signature Broker-Dealer Services, Inc. (since
February, 1991); Attorney, Ropes & Gray (September, 1984 to November, 1989).
MOLLY S. MUGLER* (aged 44) -- Assistant Secretary of the Trust; Legal
Counsel and Assistant Secretary, Signature Financial Group, Inc. (since
December, 1988); Assistant Secretary, The Landmark Funds Broker-Dealer
Services, Inc. (since December, 1988).
BARBARA M. O'DETTE* (aged 37) -- Assistant Treasurer of the Trust;
Assistant Treasurer, Signature Financial Group, Inc. and The Landmark Funds
Broker-Dealer Services, Inc. (since December, 1988).
DANIEL E. SHEA* (aged 34) -- Assistant Treasurer of the Trust; Assistant
Manager of Fund Administration, Signature Financial Group, Inc. (since
November, 1993); Supervisor and Senior Technical Advisor, Putnam Investments
(prior to November, 1993).
The Trustees and officers of the Trust also hold comparable positions
with certain other funds for which The Landmark Funds Broker-Dealer Services,
Inc., Signature Financial Group, Inc. or their affiliates serve as the
distributor or administrator.
As of the date of this Statement of Additional Information, there are no
shareholders of any of the Funds.
The Declaration of Trust of the Trust provides that the Trust will
indemnify its Trustees and officers against liabilities and expenses incurred
in connection with litigation in which they may be involved because of their
offices with the Trust unless, as to liability to the Trust, or its investors,
it is finally adjudicated that they engaged in willful misfeasance, bad faith,
gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in their offices,
<PAGE>
or unless with respect to any other matter it is finally adjudicated that they
did not act in good faith in the reasonable belief that their actions were in
the best interests of the Trust. In the case of settlement, such
indemnification will not be provided unless it has been determined by a court
or other body approving the settlement or other disposition, or by a reasonable
determination, based upon a review of readily available facts, by vote of a
majority of disinterested Trustees of the Trust, or in a written opinion of
independent counsel, that such officers or Trustees have not engaged in willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of their duties.
The Trustees of the Trust (with the exception of Mr. Coolidge, who
received no remuneration from the Trust) received the following remuneration
from the Trust during its fiscal year ended December 31, 1995:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TOTAL
PENSION OR COMPENSATION
AGGREGATE RETIREMENT ESTIMATED FROM REGISTRANT
COMPENSATION BENEFITS ACCRUED ANNUAL AND FUND
NAME OF PERSON, FROM AS PART OF FUND BENEFITS UPON COMPLEX PAID
POSITION REGISTRANT EXPENSES RETIREMENT TO TRUSTEES(1)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
H.B. ALVORD $ 3,198.55 NONE NONE $40,000.00
RILEY C. GILLEY $ 4,352.29 NONE NONE $44,000.00
DIANA R. HARRINGTON $ 3,921.20 NONE NONE $40,000.00
SUSAN B. KERLEY $ 3,921.20 NONE NONE $40,000.00
C. OSCAR MORONG, JR. $ 3,606.47 NONE NONE $44,500.00
DONALD B. OTIS (2) $ 7,758.16 NONE NONE $40,000.00
E. KIRBY WARREN $ 3,606.47 NONE NONE $44,500.00
WILLIAM S. WOODS, JR. $ 4,582.57 NONE NONE $44,000.00
</TABLE>
(1) Information relates to the fiscal year ended December 31, 1995. Messrs.
Alvord, Coolidge, Gilley, Morong, Warren and Woods and Mses. Harrington and
Kerley are trustees of 20, 36, 19, 20, 20, 19, 19 and 19 funds,
respectively, of the Landmark Family of Funds.
(2) Mr. Otis retired as a trustee of the Trust on August 31, 1996.
MANAGER
Citibank manages the assets of each Fund and provides certain
administrative services to the Trust pursuant to separate management agreements
(the "Management Agreements"). Citibank furnishes at its own expense all
services, facilities and personnel necessary in connection with managing each
Fund's investments and effecting securities transactions for each Fund. The
Management Agreements provide that Citibank may delegate the daily management
of the securities of each Fund to one or more Subadvisers. The Management
Agreements will continue in effect until __________ __, 1998 and thereafter as
long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by the
Board of Trustees of the Trust or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding
voting securities of the applicable Fund, and, in either case, by a majority of
the Trustees of the Trust who are not parties to the Management Agreement or
interested persons of any such party, at a meeting called for the purpose of
voting on the Management Agreement.
Citibank provides the Trust with general office facilities and supervises
the overall administration of the Trust, including, among other
responsibilities, the negotiation of contracts and fees with, and the
monitoring of performance and billings of, the Trust's independent contractors
and agents; the preparation and filing of all documents required for compliance
by the Trust with applicable laws and regulations; and arranging for the
maintenance of books and records of the Trust. Trustees, officers, and
<PAGE>
investors in the Trust are or may be or may become interested in Citibank, as
directors, officers, employees, or otherwise and directors, officers and
employees of Citibank are or may become similarly interested in the Trust.
Each Management Agreement provides that Citibank may render services to
others. Each Management Agreement is terminable without penalty on not more
than 60 days' nor less than 30 days' written notice by the Trust when
authorized either by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities
of the applicable Fund or by a vote of a majority of the Board of Trustees of
the Trust, or by Citibank on not more than 60 days' nor less than 30 days'
written notice, and will automatically terminate in the event of its
assignment. Each Management Agreement provides that neither Citibank nor its
personnel shall be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for
any loss arising out of any investment or for any act or omission in the
execution of securities transactions for the applicable Fund, except for
willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its
duties, or by reason of reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under
the Management Agreement.
The Prospectus contains a description of the fees payable to Citibank for
services under each of the Management Agreements. Citibank, if required by
state law, will reimburse the Funds or waive all or a portion of its management
fees to the extent that the expenses of a Fund exceed the expense limitation
prescribed by any state in which that Fund is qualified for offer or sale.
Pursuant to a sub-administrative services agreement with Citibank, LFBDS
performs such sub-administrative duties for the Trust as from time to time are
agreed upon by Citibank and LFBDS. For performing such sub-administrative
services, LFBDS receives compensation as from time to time is agreed upon by
Citibank, not in excess of the amount paid to Citibank for its services under
the Management Agreements. All such compensation is paid by Citibank.
Citibank has entered into separate Submanagement Agreements with the
Subadvisers listed below for the kinds of assets of each Fund noted opposite
the Subadvisers' names. Each Subadviser's compensation is described in the
Prospectus and is payable by Citibank.
Large cap value securities Miller Anderson & Sherrerd, LLP
Small cap value securities Franklin Advisory Services, Inc.
International equity securities Hotchkis & Wiley
Foreign government securities Pacific Investment Management Company
It is the responsibility of the Subadviser to make the day-to-day
investment decisions for their allocated assets of the Funds, and to place the
purchase and sales orders for securities transactions concerning those assets,
subject in all cases to the general supervisions of Citibank. Each Subadviser
furnishes at its own expense all services, facilities and personnel necessary
in connection with managing the assets of the Funds allocated to it and
effecting securities transactions concerning those assets.
Each Submanagement Agreement will continue in effect as to each
applicable Fund until ___________ __, 1998 and thereafter as long as such
continuance is specifically approved at least annually by the Board of Trustees
of the Trust as to that Fund or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding
voting securities of that Fund, and, in either case, by a majority of the
Trustees of the Trust who are not parties to the Submanagement Agreement or
interested persons of any such party, at a meeting called for the purpose of
voting on the Submanagement Agreement.
<PAGE>
Each Submanagement Agreement provides that the applicable Subadviser may
render services to others. Each Submanagement Agreement is terminable as to any
Fund without penalty on not more than 60 days' nor less than 30 days' written
notice by the Trust, when authorized either by a vote of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities of the applicable Fund or by a vote of a majority
of the Board of Trustees of the Trust, or by Citibank on not more than 60 days'
nor less than 30 days' written notice, and will automatically terminate in the
event of its assignment. Each Submanagement Agreement may be terminated by the
applicable Subadviser on not less than 90 days' written notice. Each
Submanagement Agreement provides that neither the Subadviser nor its personnel
shall be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss
arising out of any investment or for any act or omission in the execution of
security transactions for any Fund, except for willful misfeasance, bad faith
or gross negligence or reckless disregard of its or their obligations and
duties under the Submanagement Agreement.
DISTRIBUTOR
LFBDS serves as the Distributor of the Trust's shares pursuant to a
Distribution Agreement with the Trust. Unless otherwise terminated, the
Distribution Agreement continues in effect from year to year upon annual
approval by the Trust's Board of Trustees, or by the vote of a majority of the
outstanding shares of the Trust and by the vote of a majority of the Board of
Trustees of the Trust who are not parties to the agreement or interested
persons of any such party, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose
of voting on such approval. The agreement will terminate in the event of its
assignment, as defined in the 1940 Act. LFBDS is not currently paid a fee for
the provision of distribution services with respect to shares of the Funds.
TRANSFER AGENT AND CUSTODIAN
The Trust has entered into a Transfer Agency and Service Agreement with
State Street Bank and Trust Company ("State Street") pursuant to which State
Street acts as transfer agent for each Fund. The Trust also has entered into a
Custodian Agreement and a Fund Accounting Agreement with State Street, pursuant
to which custodial and fund accounting services, respectively, are provided for
each Fund. See "Custodian, Transfer Agent and Fund Accountant" in the
Prospectus for additional information. The principal business address of State
Street is 225 Franklin Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02110.
AUDITORS
Price Waterhouse LLP are the independent certified public accountants for
the Trust, providing audit services and assistance and consultation with
respect to the preparation of filings with the SEC. The address of Price
Waterhouse LLP is 160 Federal Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02110.
8. PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
The Trust trades securities for a Fund if it believes that a transaction
net of costs (including custodian charges) will help achieve the Fund's
investment objective. Changes in the Fund's investments are made without regard
to the length of time a security has been held, or whether a sale would result
in the recognition of a profit or loss. Therefore, the rate of turnover is not
a limiting factor when changes are appropriate. Specific decisions to purchase
or sell securities for each Fund are made by a portfolio manager who is an
employee of Citibank and who is appointed and supervised by its senior officers
or by a Subadviser. The portfolio manager or Subadviser may serve other clients
of Citibank in a similar capacity.
<PAGE>
In connection with the selection of brokers or dealers and the placing of
portfolio securities transactions, brokers or dealers may be selected who also
provide brokerage and research services (as those terms are defined in Section
28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) to a Fund and/or the other
accounts over which the Manager, the Subadvisers or their affiliates exercise
investment discretion. The Manager and the Subadvisers are authorized to pay a
broker or dealer who provides such brokerage and research services a commission
for executing a portfolio transaction for the Fund which is in excess of the
amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting
that transaction if the Manager or the applicable Subadviser determines in good
faith that such amount of commission is reasonable in relation to the value of
the brokerage and research services provided by such broker or dealer. This
determination may be viewed in terms of either that particular transaction or
the overall responsibilities which the Manager, the Subadvisers and their
affiliates have with respect to accounts over which they exercise investment
discretion. The Trustees of the Trust shall periodically review the commissions
paid by the Fund to determine if the commissions paid over representative
periods of time were reasonable in relation to the benefits to the Fund.
The investment advisory fee that each Fund pays to Citibank will not be
reduced as a consequence of Citibank's receipt of brokerage and research
services. While such services are not expected to reduce the expenses of
Citibank, Citibank would, through the use of the services, avoid the additional
expenses which would be incurred if it should attempt to develop comparable
information through its own staff or obtain such services independently.
In certain instances there may be securities that are suitable as an
investment for a Fund as well as for one or more of Citibank's or a
Subadviser's other clients. Investment decisions for each Fund and for
Citibank's and the Subadvisers' other clients are made with a view to achieving
their respective investment objectives. It may develop that a particular
security is bought or sold for only one client even though it might be held by,
or bought or sold for, other clients. Likewise, a particular security may be
bought for one or more clients when one or more clients are selling the same
security. Some simultaneous transactions are inevitable when several clients
receive investment advice from the same investment adviser, particularly when
the same security is suitable for the investment objectives of more than one
client. When two or more clients are simultaneously engaged in the purchase or
sale of the same security, the securities are allocated among clients in a
manner believed to be equitable to each. It is recognized that in some cases
this system could adversely affect the price of or the size of the position
obtainable in a security for a Fund. When purchases or sales of the same
security for a Fund and for other portfolios managed by Citibank or a
Subadviser occur contemporaneously, the purchase or sale orders may be
aggregated in order to obtain any price advantages available to large volume
purchases or sales.
9. DESCRIPTION OF SHARES, VOTING RIGHTS AND LIABILITIES
The Trust's Declaration of Trust permits the Trustees to issue an
unlimited number of full and fractional Shares of Beneficial Interest (without
par value) of each series and to divide or combine the shares of any series
into a greater or lesser number of shares of that series without thereby
changing the proportionate beneficial interests in that series. The Funds,
Landmark Balanced Fund, CitiSelectSM Folio 200, CitiSelectSM Folio 300,
CitiSelectSM Folio 400 and CitiSelectSM Folio 500 are the only current series
of shares of the Trust and the Trust has reserved the right to create and issue
additional series of shares. Each share of each Fund represents an equal
proportionate interest in the Fund with each other share. Shares of each series
participate equally in the earnings, dividends and distribution of net assets
of the particular series upon liquidation or dissolution. Shares of each series
are entitled to vote separately to approve advisory agreements or changes in
investment policy, but shares of all series may vote together in the election
or selection of Trustees and accountants for the Trust.
<PAGE>
Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each share held on matters on
which they are entitled to vote. Shareholders in the Trust do not have
cumulative voting rights, and shareholders owning more than 50% of the
outstanding shares of the Trust may elect all of the Trustees of the Trust if
they choose to do so and in such event the other shareholders in the Trust
would not be able to elect any Trustee. The Trust is not required and has no
present intention to hold annual meetings of shareholders but the Trust will
hold special meetings of shareholders when in the judgment of the Trustees it
is necessary or desirable to submit matters for a shareholder vote.
Shareholders have, under certain circumstances (e.g., upon the application and
submission of certain specified documents to the Trustees by a specified number
of shareholders), the right to communicate with other shareholders in
connection with requesting a meeting of shareholders for the purpose of
removing one or more Trustees. Shareholders also have under certain
circumstances the right to remove one or more Trustees without a meeting by a
declaration in writing by a specified number of shareholders. No material
amendment may be made to the Trust's Declaration of Trust without the
affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of each
series affected by the amendment.
(See "Investment Restrictions.")
The Trust may enter into a merger or consolidation, or sell all or
substantially all of its assets (or all or substantially all of the assets
belonging to any series of the Trust), if approved by a vote of the holders of
two-thirds of the Trust's outstanding shares, voting as a single class, or of
the affected series of the Trust, as the case may be, except that if the
Trustees of the Trust recommend such sale of assets, merger or consolidation,
the approval by vote of the holders of a majority of the Trust's outstanding
shares would be sufficient. The Trust or any series of the Trust, as the case
may be, may be terminated (i) by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting
securities of the Trust or the affected series or (ii) by the Trustees by
written notice to the shareholders of the Trust or the affected series. If not
so terminated, the Trust will continue indefinitely.
The rights accompanying Fund shares are legally vested in the Separate
Accounts. However, in accordance with current law and interpretations thereof,
Participating Insurance Companies will vote shares held in the Separate
Accounts in a manner consistent with timely voting instructions received from
the holders of variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies.
Each Participating Insurance Company will vote Fund shares held in Separate
Accounts for which no timely instructions are received from the holders of
variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies, as well as
shares it owns, in the same proportion as those shares for which voting
instructions are received. For a further discussion, please refer to the
insurance company's Separate Account prospectus.
Share certificates will not be issued.
The Trust is an entity of the type commonly known as a "Massachusetts
business trust." Under Massachusetts law, shareholders of such a business trust
may, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable as partners for its
obligations and liabilities. However, the Declaration of Trust contains an
express disclaimer of shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the
Trust and provides for indemnification and reimbursement of expenses out of
Trust property for any shareholder held personally liable for the obligations
of the Trust. The Declaration of Trust also provides that the Trust may
maintain appropriate insurance (for example, fidelity bonding and errors and
omissions insurance) for the protection of the Trust, its investors, Trustees,
officers, employees and agents covering possible tort and other liabilities.
Thus, the risk of an investor incurring financial loss on account of investor
liability is limited to circumstances in which both inadequate insurance
existed and the Trust itself was unable to meet its obligations.
<PAGE>
10. CERTAIN ADDITIONAL TAX MATTERS
Any investment in zero coupon bonds, certain stripped securities, and
certain securities purchased at a market discount will cause a Fund to
recognize income prior to the receipt of cash payments with respect to those
securities. In order to distribute this income and avoid a tax on the Fund, the
Fund may be required to liquidate portfolio securities that it might otherwise
have continued to hold, potentially resulting in additional taxable gain or
loss to the Fund. A Fund's transactions in options, futures contracts, and
forward contracts will be subject to special tax rules that may affect the
amount, timing and character of Fund income and distributions to shareholders.
Certain positions held by a Fund that substantially diminish its risk of loss
with respect to other positions in its portfolio may constitute "straddles,"
and may be subject to special tax rules that would cause deferral of Fund
losses, adjustments in the holding periods of Fund securities, and conversion
of short-term into long-term capital losses. Certain tax elections exist for
straddles that may alter the effects of these rules. A Fund will limit its
activities in options, futures contracts, and forward contracts to the extent
necessary to meet the requirements of Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue
Code.
Special tax considerations apply with respect to foreign investments. Use
of foreign currencies for non-hedging purposes may be limited in order to avoid
a tax on a Fund. Investment by a Fund in certain "passive foreign investments
companies" may also be limited in order to avoid a tax on the Fund. Investment
income received by a Fund from foreign securities may be subject to foreign
income taxes withheld at the source. The United States has entered into tax
treaties with many foreign countries that may entitle a Fund to a reduced rate
of tax or an exemption from tax on such income; each of the Funds intends to
qualify for treaty reduced rates where available. It is not possible, however,
to determine a Fund's effective rate of foreign tax in advance since the amount
of a Fund's assets to be invested within various countries is not known.
11. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Not applicable.
<PAGE>
PART C
Item 24. Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(a) Financial Statements Included in Part A:
Not applicable.
Financial Statements Included in Part B:
Not applicable.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(b) Exhibits
<S> <C> <C>
******* 1(a) Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of the Registrant
******* 1(b) Form of Amendment to Amended and Restated Declaration of
Trust of the Registrant
* 2(a) Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant
**** 2(b) Amendment to Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant
******* 5(a) Form of Management Agreement between the Registrant and
Citibank, N.A., as investment manager and administrator
******* 5(b) Form of Sub Management Agreement with Miller Anderson &
Sherrerd, LLP
******* 5(c) Form of Sub Management Agreement with Hotchkis & Wiley
******* 5(d) Form of Sub Management Agreement with Pacific Investment
Management Company
5(e) Form of Sub Management Agreement with Franklin Advisory
Services, Inc.
6 Form of Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and The
Landmark Funds Broker-Dealer Services, Inc. ("LFBDS"), as
distributor
******* 7 Form of Custodian Agreement between the Registrant, on
behalf of the Funds, and State Street Bank and Trust
Company ("State Street"), as custodian
* 9 Form of Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between the
Registrant and State Street, as transfer agent
*,**,***, 25 Powers of Attorney for the Registrant
*****,
******
</TABLE>
- ---------------------
* Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 8 to the
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 2-90518)
as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 2,
1992.
** Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 9 to the
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 2-90518)
as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 13,
1993.
*** Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 10 to the
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 2-90518)
as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 30,
1993.
**** Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 12 to the
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 2-90518)
as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 14,
1994.
<PAGE>
***** Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 16 to the
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 2-90518
as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 5,
1996.
****** Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 17 to the
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 2-90518)
as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 16,
1996.
******* Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 20 to the
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 2-90518)
as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 22,
1996.
Item 25. Persons Controlled by or under Common Control with Registrant.
Not applicable.
Item 26. Number of Holders of Securities.
Title of Class Number of Record Holders
Shares of Beneficial Interest As of September 11, 1996
(without par value)
CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 200 0
CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 300 0
CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 400 0
CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 500 0
Item 27. Indemnification.
Reference is hereby made to (a) Article V of the Registrant's Declaration
of Trust, filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 20 to the
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A; (b) Section 6 of the
Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and LFBDS, filed as an Exhibit to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 20 to the Registrant's Registration Statement on
Form N-1A; and (c) the undertaking of the Registrant regarding indemnification
set forth in its Registration Statement on Form N-1A.
The Trustees and officers of the Registrant and the personnel of the
Registrant's administrator are insured under an errors and omissions liability
insurance policy. The Registrant and its officers are also insured under the
fidelity bond required by Rule 17g-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
Item 28. Business and Other Connections of Investment Advisers.
Citibank, N.A. ("Citibank") is a commercial bank offering a wide range of
banking and investment services to customers across the United States and
around the world. Citibank is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Citicorp, a
registered bank holding company. Citibank also serves as investment adviser to
the following registered investment companies (or series thereof): The Premium
Portfolios (Balanced Portfolio, Equity Portfolio, Government Income Portfolio,
International Equity Portfolio, Emerging Asian Markets Equity Portfolio and
<PAGE>
Small Cap Equity Portfolio), Tax Free Reserves Portfolio, U.S. Treasury
Reserves Portfolio, Cash Reserves Portfolio, Asset Allocation Portfolios (Asset
Allocation Portfolio 200, Asset Allocation Portfolio 300, Asset Allocation
Portfolio 400 and Asset Allocation Portfolio 500), Landmark Multi-State Tax
Free Funds (Landmark New York Tax Free Reserves, Landmark Connecticut Tax Free
Reserves and Landmark California Tax Free Reserves), Landmark Fixed Income
Funds (Landmark Intermediate Income Fund), Landmark Tax Free Income Funds
(Landmark National Tax Free Income Fund and Landmark New York Tax Free Income
Fund) and Landmark VIP Funds (Landmark VIP U.S. Government Portfolio, Landmark
VIP Balanced Portfolio, Landmark VIP Equity Portfolio and Landmark VIP
International Equity Portfolio). As of December 31, 1995, Citibank and its
affiliates managed assets in excess of $83 billion worldwide. The principal
place of business of Citibank is located at 399 Park Avenue, New York, New York
10043.
The Chairman of the Board and a Director of Citibank is John S. Reed. The
following are Vice Chairmen of the Board and Directors of Citibank: Paul J.
Collins, William R. Rhodes and H. Onno Ruding. Other Directors of Citibank are
D. Wayne Calloway, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, PepsiCo, Inc.,
Purchase, New York; Colby H. Chandler, Former Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer, Eastman Kodak Company; Pei-yuan Chia, Director, Baxter International,
Inc.; Kenneth T. Derr, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Chevron
Corporation; H.J. Haynes, Senior Counselor, Bechtel Group, Inc., San Francisco,
California; Rozanne L. Ridgway, President, The Atlantic Council of the United
States; Robert B. Shapiro, President and Chief Operating Officer, Monsanto
Company; Frank A. Shrontz, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, The Boeing
Company, Seattle, Washington; Roger B. Smith, Former Chairman and Chief
Executive Officer, General Motors Corporation; Franklin A. Thomas, President,
The Ford Foundation, New York, New York; and Edgar S. Woolard, Jr., Chairman
and Chief Executive Officer, E.I. DuPont De Nemours & Company.
Each of the individuals named above is also a Director of Citicorp. In
addition, the following persons have the affiliations indicated:
D. Wayne Calloway Director, Exxon Corporation
Director, General Electric Company
Director, Pepsico, Inc.
Colby H. Chandler Director, Digital Equipment Corporation
Director, Ford Motor Company
Director, J.C. Penney Company, Inc.
Pei-yuan Chia Director, Baxter International, Inc.
Paul J. Collins Director, Kimberly-Clark Corporation
Kenneth T. Derr Director, American Telephone and Telegraph, Co.
Director, Chevron Corporation
Director, Potlatch Corporation
H.J. Haynes Director, Bechtel Group, Inc.
Director, Boeing Company
Director, Fremont Group, Inc.
Director, Hewlett-Packard Company
Director, Paccar Inc.
Director, Saudi Arabian Oil Company
<PAGE>
John S. Reed Director, Monsanto Company
Director, Philip Morris Companies
Incorporated
Stockholder, Tampa Tank & Welding, Inc.
William R. Rhodes Director, Private Export Funding
Corporation
Rozanne L. Ridgway Director, 3M
Director, Bell Atlantic Corporation
Director, Boeing Company
Director, Emerson Electric Company
Member-International Advisory Board,
New Perspective Fund, Inc.
Director, RJR Nabisco, Inc.
Director, Sara Lee Corporation
Director, Union Carbide Corporation
H. Onno Ruding Member, Board of Supervisory Directors,
Amsterdam Trustee's Kantoor
Board Member, Corning, Incorporated
Advisor, Intercena (C&A) (Netherlands)
Member, Board of Supervisory Directors,
Pechiney Nederland N.V.
Member, Board of Advisers, Robeco N.V.
Advisory Director, Unilever N.V.
Advisory Director, Unilever PLC
Robert B. Shapiro Director, G.D. Searle & Co.
Director, Silicon Graphics
Director, Monsanto Company
Director, The Nutrasweet Company
Frank A. Shrontz Director, 3M
Director, Baseball of Seattle, Inc.
Director, Boeing Company
Director, Boise Cascade Corp.
Roger B. Smith Director, International Paper Company
Director, Johnson & Johnson
Director, Pepsico, Inc.
Franklin A. Thomas Director, Aluminum Company of America
Director, American Telephone and Telegraph, Co.
Director, Cummins Engine Company, Inc.
Director, Pepsico, Inc.
Edgar S. Woolard, Jr. Director, E.I. DuPont De Nemours & Company
<PAGE>
Franklin Advisory Services, Inc. ("Franklin"), a sub-adviser of the
Registrant, maintains its principal office at 777 Mariners Island Blvd., San
Mateo, California 94404. Franklin, a California corporation incorporated in
1985, is a registered investment adviser under the Investment Company Act of
1940 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Franklin Resources, Inc., a publicly
owned holding company. Franklin is an investment adviser to various open-end
and closed-end investment companies.
William P. Lippman has been senior vice president of Franklin since June,
1988. Prior to joining Franklin, Mr. Lippman was president of L.F. Rothschild
Fund Management, Inc. He is president and director of Franklin Managed Trust,
which includes Franklin Rising Dividends Fund, Franklin Corporate Qualified
Dividend Fund, Franklin Investment Grade Income Fund and Franklin MicroCap
Value Fund. Mr. Lippman also manages Franklin Balance Sheet Investment Fund and
the Franklin Valuemark Rising Dividends Fund.
Each of the individuals named below is an officer and/or Director of
Franklin and has the affiliations indicated:
Name: Affiliations:
Charles Bartlett Johnson President and Director, Franklin Resources, Inc.
Chairman of the Board Director, Templeton Worldwide, Inc.
Chairman of Board, Franklin/Templeton
Distributors, Inc.
Director, Franklin Management, Inc.
Director, Franklin Institutional Services
Corporation
Director, Franklin Templeton Trust Company
Director, Franklin/Templeton Investor
Services, Inc.
Director, Property Resources, Inc.
Director, Franklin Bank
Director, Franklin Capital Corporation
Director, FCC Receivables Corporation
President and Chairman of Board, Franklin/
Templeton Travel, Inc.
Director, F.S. Capital Group
Director, F.S. Properties
Director, Franklin Agency, Inc.
Director, Templeton Global Investors, Inc.
President and Chairman of Board, T.G.H. Holdings,
Ltd.
Director, Templeton, Galbraith & Hansberger Ltd.
Chairman of Board, Franklin Asset Management
Systems (1982-95)
President & Director, Franklin Energy Corporation
(1983-95)
Rupert Harris Johnson, Jr. Executive Vice President and Director, Franklin
President and Director Resources, Inc.
Director, Templeton Worldwide, Inc.
Executive Vice President and Director,
Franklin/Templeton Distributors, Inc.
Chairman of Board, Franklin Management, Inc.
<PAGE>
Chairman of Board, Franklin Institutional
Services Corporation
Executive Vice President, Senior Investment
Officer and Director, Franklin Templeton Trust
Company
Director, Franklin/Templeton Investor Services,
Inc.
Director, Property Resources, Inc.
Director, Franklin Properties, Inc.
Director, Franklin Real Estate Management, Inc.
Director, Franklin Bank
Director, Franklin Capital Corporation
Director, FCC Receivables Corporation
Executive Vice President and Director,
Franklin/Templeton Travel, Inc.
Director, Franklin Agency, Inc.
Director, Templeton Global Investors
President, Templeton International, Inc.
Vice President and Director, Franklin Asset
Management Systems (1982-95)
Director, Franklin Energy Corporation (1983-95)
Harmon Evan Burns Executive Vice President - Legal and Secretary,
Executive Vice President Franklin Resources, Inc.
Director, Templeton Worldwide, Inc.
Executive Vice President and Director, Franklin/
Templeton Distributors, Inc.
Secretary, Franklin Management, Inc. (1980-93)
Director, Franklin/Templeton Investor
Services, Inc.
Director, Franklin Institutional Services
Corporation
Director, Franklin Templeton Trust Company
Director, Franklin Properties, Inc.
Director, Franklin Real Estate Management, Inc.
Director, Franklin Bank
Director, Franklin Capital Corporation
Director, FCC Receivables Corporation
Executive Vice President and Director, Franklin/
Templeton Travel, Inc.
Director, F.S. Capital Group
Director, F.S. Properties
Secretary, Franklin Agency, Inc.
Director, Templeton Global Investors, Inc.
Executive Vice President and Director, Templeton/
Franklin Investment Services, Inc.
Secretary and Treasurer, Franklin Asset
Management Systems (1982-95)
Executive Vice President, Franklin Energy
Corporation (1983-95)
Kenneth Vernon Domingues Senior Vice President, Franklin Resources, Inc.
Senior Vice President Senior Vice President, Franklin/Templeton
Distributors, Inc.
Director, F.S. Capital Group
<PAGE>
Director, F.S. Properties
Treasurer, Franklin Asset Management Systems
(1989-95)
Treasurer, Franklin Management, Inc. (1987-93)
Treasurer, Franklin Institutional Services
Corporation (1991-93)
Treasurer, Franklin Trust Company (1989-93)
Martin Lawrence Flanagan Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
Senior Vice President and and Treasurer, Franklin Resources, Inc.
Treasurer Executive Vice President and Director, Templeton
Worldwide, Inc.
Treasurer, Franklin Management, Inc.
Senior Vice President and Treasurer, Franklin
Institutional Services Corporation
Treasurer, Franklin Templeton Trust Company
Senior Vice President, Franklin/Templeton
Investor Services, Inc.
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer,
Property Resources, Inc.
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer,
Franklin Properties, Inc.
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer,
Franklin Real Estate Management, Inc.
Treasurer, Franklin Capital Corporation
President, FCC Receivables Corporation
Vice President and Treasurer, Franklin/Templeton
Travel, Inc.
Senior Vice President, Franklin Agency, Inc.
President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman
of Board, Templeton Global Investors, Inc.
Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer
and Director, Templeton International, Inc.
Director, Templeton Quantitative Advisors, Inc.
Director, Templeton/Franklin Investment Services,
Inc.
Director, Templeton Funds Trust Company
Director and Treasurer, Templeton Funds Annuity
Company
Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer
and Director, Templeton Investment Counsel, Inc.
Director, Templeton Management Ltd.
Director, Templeton Investment Management (Hong
Kong), Ltd.
Director, Templeton Investment Management
(Singapore) Plc. Ltd.
Managing Director, Templeton Global Investors,
Ltd.
Chairman of Board, Templeton Global Strategic
Services, S.A.
Director, Templeton Management (Lux) S.A.
Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer
and Director, T.G.H. Holdings, Ltd.
<PAGE>
Director, Templeton Heritage, LTD.
Director, Templeton Investment Management, Ltd.
Director, Templeton Unit Trust Managers, Ltd.
Director, Templeton Holdings Ltd.
Director, Templeton/National Bank of Greece
Management (Lux) S.A.
Executive Vice President and Director, Templeton,
Galbraith and Hansberger Ltd. (Bahamian Corp.)
Senior Vice President and Treasurer, Franklin/
Templeton Distributors, Inc. (1993-95)
Treasurer, Franklin Energy Corporation (1994-95)
Director, Templeton Life Assurance Ltd. (1990-94)
Director, Templeton Funds Management, Inc.
(1992-94)
Director, Templeton Funds Distributor, Inc.
(1992-93)
Director, The DAIS Group, Inc. (1990-93)
Vice-Chairman of Board, Templeton Global Bond
Managers, Inc. (1990-93)
Edward Burton Jamieson Portfolio Manager, Franklin Institutional
Senior Vice President Services Corporation
Thomas Joseph Kenny None
Senior Vice President and
Director of Municipal
Development
Leslie Michael Kratter Vice President and Assistant Secretary, Franklin
Secretary Resources, Inc.
Secretary, Templeton Worldwide, Inc.
Secretary, Franklin/Templeton Distributors, Inc.
Secretary, Franklin Management, Inc.
Vice President and Secretary, Franklin
Institutional Services Corporation
Secretary, Franklin/Templeton
Investor Services, Inc.
Secretary, FCC Receivables Corporation
President and Director, Franklin/Templeton
Travel, Inc.
Secretary, Franklin Agency, Inc.
Secretary, Templeton Global Investors
Secretary, Templeton International, Inc.
Secretary, Templeton/Franklin Investment
Services, Inc.
Secretary, Franklin Energy Corporation (1994-95)
Executive Vice President, International Air
Service Co. Ltd. (1979-92)
Jack Henry Lemein Employee, Franklin Resources, Inc.
Senior Vice President Vice President, Franklin/Templeton Distributors,
Inc.
Vice President, Franklin Management, Inc.
Portfolio Manager, Franklin Institutional
Services Corporation
<PAGE>
William Jennings Lippman Senior Vice President, Franklin Resources, Inc.
Senior Vice President Senior Vice President, Franklin/Templeton
Distributors, Inc.
Senior Vice President, Franklin Management, Inc.
Portfolio Manager, Franklin Institutional
Services Corporation
Rico Martin Wiskemann Employee, Franklin/Templeton Distributors, Inc.
Senior Vice President and Senior Vice President, Franklin Management, Inc.
Director Vice President, Treasurer and Director, ILA
Financial Services, Inc.
Vice President and Director, Arizona Life
Insurance Company of America
Pacific Investment Management Company ("PIMCO"), a sub-adviser of the
Registrant, maintains its principal office at 840 Newport Center Drive, Suite
360, P.O. Box 6480, Newport Beach, California 92658-9030. PIMCO is a registered
investment adviser under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
Lee R. Thomas, III joined PIMCO in 1995 and is the Senior International
Portfolio Manager at PIMCO. Previously he was a member of Investcorp's
Management Committee, where he was responsible for global securities and
foreign exchange trading. Prior to Investcorp, he was associated with Goldman
Sachs, where he was an Executive Director in the fixed income division of their
London office.
Each of the individuals named below is a Managing Director of PIMCO and
has the affiliations indicated:
Name and Position: Other Affiliations:
William H. Gross, CFA None
Senior Fixed Income
Portfolio Manager
David H. Edington None
Senior Fixed Income
Portfolio Manager
John L. Hague None
Senior Fixed Income
Portfolio Manager
Brent R. Harris, CFA None
Director of Marketing
<PAGE>
Dean S. Meiling, CFA None
Account Manager
James F. Muzzy, CFA None
Account Manager
William F. Podlich, III None
William C. Powers None
Senior Fixed Income
Portfolio Manager
Frank B. Rabinovitch None
Senior Fixed Income
Portfolio Manager
William S. Thompson Director, Spieker Properties Inc.
Chief Executive
Officer
Hotchkis & Wiley ("Hotchkis"), a sub-adviser of the Registrant, maintains
its principal office at 800 West Sixth Street, Fifth Floor, Los Angeles,
California 90017. Hotchkis is a registered investment adviser founded in 1980.
Harry Hartford and Sarah Ketterer will be responsible for the daily management
of international equity securities of the Registrant. Mr. Hartford and Ms.
Ketterer manage international equity accounts and are also responsible for
international investment research. Each serves on the Investment Policy
Committee at Hotchkis. Prior to joining Hotchkis, Mr. Hartford was with the
Investment Bank of Ireland, where he gained 10 years of experience in both
international and global equity management. Prior to joining Hotchkis, Ms.
Ketterer was an associate with Bankers Trust and an analyst at Dean Witter.
Each of the individuals named below is a Managing Director and general
partner of Hotchkis and has the affiliations indicated:
Name and Position: Other Affiliations:
Gail L. Bardin None
Portfolio Manager
Michael F. Baxter None
Portfolio Manager
George H. Davis, Jr. None
Portfolio Manager
Dr. Roger DeBard Executive Vice President, Hotchkis and Wiley
Portfolio Manager Funds
<PAGE>
John F. Hotchkis Trustee, Hotchkis and Wiley Funds
Portfolio Manager Governor, The Music Center
Director and Treasurer, The Music Center
Foundation
Director, Los Angeles World Affairs Council
Director, Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra
Director, Big Brothers of Greater Los Angeles
Director, Executive Service Corps of Southern
California
Director, KCET
Trustee, The Lawrenceville School
Trustee, Robert Louis Stevenson School
Director, Fountainhead Water Company, Inc.
George Wiley Trustee, Hotchkis and Wiley Funds
Portfolio Manager
Miller Anderson & Sherrerd, LLP ("MAS"), a sub-adviser of the Registrant,
maintains its principal office at One Tower Bridge, West Conshohocken,
Pennsylvania 19428. MAS has been a registered investment adviser under the
Investment Company Act of 1940 since 1974. MAS serves as the Investment Adviser
and Fund Administrator for the MAS Funds and is also the parent company of MAS
Fund Distribution, Inc. ("MASDI"), a registered limited purpose broker-dealer
that was formed in 1992 solely to distribute shares of the MAS Funds. All
registered representatives of MASDI are also employees of MAS. MAS Fixed Income
Partnership I, L.P. ("MAS I") and MAS Fixed Income Partnership II, L.P. ("MAS
II") are investment partnerships established by MAS. MAS has established MAS
Fixed Income I, L.L.C., MAS Fixed Income II, L.L.C., MAS Management, Inc., and
MAS Investors I, LLP to administer and manage the investment partnerships. MAS
also participates in a joint venture with LTCB Capital Markets, Inc. that owns
LTCB-MAS Investment Management, Inc., a registered investment company.
MAS is a Pennsylvania limited liability partnership and became an
indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley Group Inc., the global
financial services firm, upon the completion of Morgan Stanley Asset
Management's acquisition of MAS in January of 1996. MAS's general partner and
the owner of 95% of the MAS partnership interests is Morgan Stanley Asset
Management Holdings, Inc. ("MSAMH"), a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Morgan
Stanley Asset Management Inc. MSAMH is also one of MAS's three limited
partners. The other two limited partners of MAS are MSL Incorporated and MS
Holdings Incorporated, which are both holding companies within Morgan Stanley's
corporate structure and own the remaining 3% and 2% of MAS's partnership
interests, respectively.
<PAGE>
Following are the officers and directors of Morgan Stanley Asset
Management Holdings, Inc.
Name and Position: Affiliations:
James M. Allwin Director and Managing Director of Morgan
President and Director Stanley Asset Management Inc. since 1993
and President since 1995;
Employee of Morgan Stanley & Co.
Incorporated since 1976 and Managing
Director since 1985;
President of Morgan Stanley Realty, Inc.
since 1988;
Member of the Board of Overseers, Dartmouth
College;
Member of the Executive Board, The National
Realty Committee;
Trustee, The Urban Land Institute;
Chairman, Cities in Schools, Inc.
Barton M. Biggs Chairman and Director of Morgan Stanley
Chairman of the Board and Asset Management Inc. since 1980;
Director Chairman and Director of Morgan Stanley Asset
Management Limited;
Managing Director of Morgan Stanley & Co.
Incorporated since 1973;
Director of Morgan Stanley Group Inc. since
1991;
Member of the Investment Advisory Council of
The Thailand Fund;
Director, The Rand McNally Company;
Member, Yale Development Board;
Director and officer of various investment
companies managed by Morgan Stanley Asset
Management Inc.
Harold J. Schaaff, Jr. Principal of Morgan Stanley & Co.
Secretary and Director Incorporated;
General Counsel and Secretary of Morgan
Stanley Asset Management Inc. since 1989;
Officer of various investment companies
managed by Morgan Stanley Asset Management
Inc.
Debra M. Aaron Employee of Morgan Stanley & Co.
Vice President Incorporated since 1984, Vice President
since 1986 and a Principal since 1989
Bruce R. Sandberg Employee of Morgan Stanley & Co.
Vice President Incorporated since 1981, Vice President
since 1988 and a Principal since 1992
<PAGE>
Eileen Murray Employee of Morgan Stanley & Co.
Treasurer Incorporated since 1984;
Treasurer and Managing Director of Morgan
Stanley Asset Management Inc. and Morgan
Stanley & Co. Incorporated since June of
1996
Madeline D. Barkhorn Employee of Morgan Stanley & Co.
Assistant Secretary Incorporated since 1994 and of Morgan
Stanley Asset Management Inc. since 1988
Charlene R. Herzer Employee of Morgan Stanley & Co.
Assistant Secretary Incorporated since 1990 and
Vice President since 1995
The primary portfolio managers for MAS's Value Portfolio are A. Morris
Williams, Jr., CFA and Robert J. Marcin, CFA. Richard M. Behler is the most
recent addition to the value team. All other members of the MAS equity
investment management department serve as analyst resources for the value team
in the management of the portfolio while maintaining responsibility for other
MAS equity related portfolios.
Each of the individuals named below is a former partner of MAS and has
the affiliations indicated:
Name: Other Affiliations:
A. Morris Williams, Jr., CFA C.A.R.E. Council of Trustees
Duke University, Trustee
The Salvation Army Advisory Board of
Greater Philadelphia
Philadelphia Scholars Fund Advisory
Committee, Chairman
Philadelphia Schools Collaborative,
Board of Directors
Richard B. Worley University of Pennsylvania, Trustee
Medical Center of the University of
Pennsylvania, Trustee
Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Trustee
Thomas L. Bennett, CFA MAS Funds, Chairman
Robert L. Hagin Society of Quantitative Analysts,
Advisory Board
T. Dean Williams International Society of Financial
Analysts, Board of Governors
Shanghai Dazhong Co., Director
John D. Connolly, CFA Financial Analysts of Philadelphia,
President, 1994-95
Kenneth B. Dunn Journal of Fixed Income, Associate Editor
Institute for the Study of Security
Markets, Board of Directors
<PAGE>
Ellen D. Harvey, CFA St. Timothy's School, Trustee, 1985-94
Investment Chairman, 1994-present
Bryn Mawr Rehabilitation Hospital,
Trustee
Main Line Health System, Trustee
Owosso Corporation, Director
Gary G. Schlarbaum, CFA Coe College, Trustee
James D. Schmid MAS Funds, President
Head of Mutual Funds MAS Fund Distribution, Inc., Director
The Minerva Fund, Inc., Chairman of the
Board of Directors
Arden C. Armstrong, CFA American Friends Service Committee,
Investment Committee
Wharton Fellow's Fund, Board of Overseers
Stephen F. Esser, CFA None
J. David Germany None
Nicholas J. Kovich None
Robert J. Marcin, CFA None
Mary Ann Milias California Pacific Medical Center
Foundation, Trustee
Schools of the Sacred Heart, Trustee
Sisters of the Presentation - Investment
Advisory Committee
Marin Community Foundation - Investment
Advisory Committee
Scott F. Richard Journal of Fixed Income, Associate Editor
Horacio A. Valeiras, CFA None
Glenn E. Becker Germantown Academy, Education Committee
The Salvation Army Advisory Board of
Greater Philadelphia
Philadelphia Leadership Foundation, Director
Steven K. Kreider, CFA Lehigh University, Investment Committee
Marna C. Whittington Rohm & Haas Company, Director
Tower Hill School, Trustee
Upland Country Day School, Trustee
The Philadelphia Contributionship, Director
Federated Department Stores, Inc., Director
Berwind Group, Director
<PAGE>
Item 29. Principal Underwriters.
(a) The Landmark Funds Broker-Dealer Services, Inc. ("LFBDS"), the
Registrant's Distributor, is also the distributor for Landmark International
Equity Fund, Landmark Emerging Asian Markets Equity Fund, Landmark U.S.
Treasury Reserves, Landmark Cash Reserves, Premium U.S. Treasury Reserves,
Premium Liquid Reserves, Landmark Institutional U.S. Treasury Reserves,
Landmark Institutional Liquid Reserves, Landmark Tax Free Reserves, Landmark
California Tax Free Reserves, Landmark Connecticut Tax Free Reserves, Landmark
New York Tax Free Reserves, Landmark U.S. Government Income Fund, Landmark
Intermediate Income Fund, Landmark Balanced Fund, CitiSelectSM Folio 200,
CitiSelectSM Folio 300, CitiSelectSM Folio 400, CitiSelectSM Folio 500,
Landmark Equity Fund, Landmark Small Cap Equity Fund, Landmark National Tax
Free Income Fund, Landmark New York Tax Free Income Fund, and Landmark VIP
Funds (Landmark VIP U.S. Government Portfolio, Landmark VIP Balanced Portfolio,
Landmark VIP Equity Portfolio and Landmark VIP International Equity Portfolio).
LFBDS is also the placement agent for International Equity Portfolio, Balanced
Portfolio, Equity Portfolio, Small Cap Equity Portfolio, Government Income
Portfolio, Emerging Asian Markets Equity Portfolio, Tax Free Reserves
Portfolio, Cash Reserves Portfolio, Asset Allocation Portfolio 200, Asset
Allocation Portfolio 300, Asset Allocation Portfolio 400, Asset Allocation
Portfolio 500 and U.S. Treasury Reserves Portfolio.
(b) The information required by this Item 29 with respect to each
director and officer of LFBDS is incorporated by reference to Schedule A of
Form BD filed by LFBDS pursuant to the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934
(File No. 8-32417).
(c) Not applicable.
Item 30. Location of Accounts and Records.
The accounts and records of the Registrant are located, in whole or in
part, at the office of the Registrant and the following locations:
NAME ADDRESS
The Landmark Funds Broker-Dealer 6 St. James Avenue
Services, Inc. Boston, MA 02116
(distributor)
State Street Bank and Trust Company 1776 Heritage Drive
(custodian and transfer agent) North Quincy, MA 02171
Citibank, N.A. 153 East 53rd Street
(investment manager) New York, NY 10043
Item 31. Management Services.
Not applicable.
<PAGE>
Item 32. Undertakings.
(a) The Registrant hereby undertakes to file a post-effective amendment
to this Registration Statement, containing reasonably current financial
statements that need not be certified, within four to six months following the
commencement of operations of the Funds.
(b) The Registrant hereby undertakes to call a meeting of shareholders
for the purpose of voting upon the question of removal of one or more of the
Trust's Trustees when requested in writing to do so by the holders of at least
10% of the Registrant's outstanding shares, and in connection therewith to
comply with the provisions of Section 16(c) of the Investment Company Act of
1940 relating to shareholder communication.
(c) The Registrant undertakes to furnish to each person to whom a
prospectus of CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 200, CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 300,
CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 400 and CitiSelect SM VIP Folio 500 is delivered with a
copy of its latest Annual Report to Shareholders, upon request without charge.
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the
Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant has duly caused this
Post-Effective Amendment to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Boston and Commonwealth of
Massachusetts on the 11th day of September, 1996.
LANDMARK FUNDS I
By: Philip W. Coolidge
Philip W. Coolidge
President
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Post-Effective Amendment to this Registration Statement has been signed below
by the following persons in the capacities indicated below on September 11,
1996.
Signature Title
Philip W. Coolidge President, Principal Executive Officer and
Philip W. Coolidge Trustee
John R. Elder Principal Financial Officer and Principal
John R. Elder Accounting Officer
H.B. Alvord* Trustee
H.B. Alvord
Riley C. Gilley* Trustee
Riley C. Gilley
Diana R. Harrington* Trustee
Diana R. Harrington
Susan B. Kerley* Trustee
Susan B. Kerley
C. Oscar Morong, Jr.* Trustee
C. Oscar Morong, Jr.
E. Kirby Warren* Trustee
Kirby Warren
William S. Woods, Jr.* Trustee
William S. Woods, Jr.
*By: Philip W. Coolidge
Philip W. Coolidge
Executed by Philip W. Coolidge on behalf of
those indicated pursuant to Powers of
Attorney.
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
No. Description
5(e) Form of Sub Management Agreement with Franklin Advisory
Services, Inc.
6 Form of Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and The
Landmark Funds Broker-Dealer Services, Inc., as distributor
Exhibit 5(e)
FORM OF SUB-MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT
LANDMARK FUNDS I
SUB-MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT, dated as of ________ __, 1996, by and between
Citibank, N.A., a national banking association (the "Manager"), and Franklin
Advisory Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Subadviser").
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, the Manager has been retained by Landmark Funds I, a
Massachusetts business trust (the "Trust"), to act as investment adviser to the
Trust with respect to the series of the Trust designated as CitiSelectSM VIP
Folio 200, CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 300, CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 400 and
CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 500 (each individually a "Fund" and collectively the
"Funds"), and
WHEREAS, the Trust engages in business as an open-end management
investment company and is registered as such under the Investment Company Act
of 1940, as amended (collectively with the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder, the "1940 Act"), and
WHEREAS, the Manager wishes to engage the Subadviser to provide certain
investment advisory services for the Funds, and the Subadviser is willing to
provide such investment advisory services for the Funds on the terms and
conditions hereinafter set forth.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements
of the parties hereto as herein set forth, the parties covenant and agree as
follows:
1. Appointment of the Subadviser. In accordance with and subject to the
Management Agreement between the Trust and the Manager (the "Management
Agreement"), the Manager hereby appoints the Subadviser to act as subadviser
with respect to each of the Funds for the period and on the terms set forth in
this Agreement. The Subadviser accepts such appointment and agrees to manage
<PAGE>
the Fund assets as are allocated to it by the Manager for the compensation
provided by this Agreement.
2. Duties of the Subadviser. The Subadviser shall manage the Fund assets
as are allocated to it by the Manager. Notwithstanding any provision of this
Agreement, the Manager shall retain all rights and ultimate responsibilities to
supervise and, in its discretion, conduct investment advisory activities
relating to the Trust. The Subadviser shall determine from time to time what
securities shall be purchased, sold or exchanged and what portion of the assets
of a Fund allocated by the Manager to the Subadviser shall be held uninvested,
subject always to the restrictions of the Trust's Declaration of Trust, dated
April 13, 1984, and By-laws, as each may be amended from time to time
(respectively, the "Declaration" and the "By-Laws"), the provisions of the 1940
Act, the then-current Registration Statement of the Trust with respect to that
Fund, and subject, further, to the Subadviser notifying the Manager in advance
of the Subadviser's intention to purchase any securities except insofar as the
requirement for such notification may be waived or limited by the Manager, it
being understood that the Subadviser shall be responsible for compliance with
any restrictions imposed in writing by the Manager from time to time in order
to facilitate compliance with the above-mentioned restrictions and such other
restrictions as the Manager may determine. Further, the Manager or the Trustees
of the Trust may at any time, upon written notice to the Subadviser, suspend or
restrict the right of the Subadviser to determine what securities shall be
purchased or sold on behalf of a Fund and what portion, if any, of the assets
of a Fund allocated by the Manager to the Subadviser shall be held uninvested.
The Subadviser shall also, as requested, make recommendations to the Manager as
to the manner in which proxies, voting rights, rights to consent to corporate
action and any other rights pertaining to a Fund's portfolio securities shall
be exercised. However, in no event shall the Subadviser have the power to
exercise proxies or voting rights or be responsible for record-keeping relating
to such items. Should the Board of Trustees of the Trust or the Manager at any
time, however, make any definite determination as to investment policy
applicable to a Fund and notify the Subadviser thereof in writing, the
Subadviser shall be bound by such determination for the period, if any,
specified in such notice or until similarly notified that such determination
has been revoked.
The Subadviser shall take, on behalf of each Fund, all actions which it
deems necessary to implement the investment policies determined as provided
above, and in particular to place all orders for the purchase or sale of
securities for each Fund's account with the brokers or dealers selected by it,
and to that end the Subadviser is authorized as the agent of the Trust to give
<PAGE>
instructions to the custodian and any subcustodian of a Fund as to deliveries
of securities and payments of cash for the account of that Fund. The Subadviser
will advise the Manager on the same day it gives any such instructions. In
connection with the selection of such brokers or dealers and the placing of
such orders, brokers or dealers may be selected who also provide brokerage and
research services (as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934) to a Fund and/or the other accounts over which
the Subadviser or its affiliates exercise investment discretion. The Subadviser
is authorized to pay a broker or dealer who provides such brokerage and
research services a commission for executing a portfolio transaction for a Fund
which is in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would
have charged for effecting that transaction if the Subadviser determines in
good faith that such amount of commission is reasonable in relation to the
value of the brokerage and research services provided by such broker or dealer.
This determination may be viewed in terms of either that particular transaction
or the overall responsibilities which the Subadviser and its affiliates have
with respect to accounts over which they exercise investment discretion. The
Trustees of the Trust shall periodically review the commissions paid by each
Fund to determine if the commissions paid over representative periods of time
were reasonable in relation to the benefits to the Fund. In making purchases or
sales of securities or other property for the account of a Fund, the Subadviser
may deal with affiliated brokers and/or dealers as defined by the 1940 Act and
to the extent such actions are permitted by the 1940 Act. The Board of Trustees
of the Trust, in its discretion, may instruct the Subadviser to effect all or a
portion of its securities transactions with one or more brokers and/or dealers
selected by the Board of Trustees, if it determines that the use of such
brokers and/or dealers is in the best interest of the Trust. The Subadviser
shall not be responsible for and shall be held harmless with respect to any
execution costs incurred by the Trust relating to securities transactions
conducted with brokers and/or dealers in accordance with instructions given to
the Subadviser by the Trust's Board of Trustees. In addition, the Board of
Trustees acknowledges that to the extent the Subadviser is directed to use a
particular broker and/or dealer, it may not be able to obtain best execution on
all trades executed through that broker and/or dealer.
3. Allocation of Charges and Expenses. The Subadviser shall furnish at
its own expense all necessary services, facilities and personnel in connection
with its responsibilities under Section 2 above. Except as provided in the
foregoing sentence, it is understood that the Trust will pay from the assets of
each Fund all of its own expenses allocable to that Fund including, without
limitation, organization costs of the Fund; compensation of Trustees who are
<PAGE>
not "interested persons" of the Trust; governmental fees; interest charges;
loan commitment fees; taxes; membership dues in industry associations allocable
to the Trust; fees and expenses of independent auditors, legal counsel and any
transfer agent, distributor, registrar or dividend disbursing agent of the
Trust; expenses of issuing and redeeming shares of beneficial interests and
servicing shareholder accounts; expenses of preparing, typesetting, printing
and mailing shareholder reports, notices, proxy statements and reports to
governmental officers and commissions and to shareholders in the Fund; expenses
connected with the execution, recording and settlement of security
transactions; insurance premiums; fees and expenses of the custodian for all
services to the Fund, including safekeeping of funds and securities and
maintaining required books and accounts; expenses of calculating the net asset
value of the Fund (including but not limited to the fees of independent pricing
services); expenses of meetings of the Fund's shareholders; expenses relating
to the issuance of shares of beneficial interests in the Fund; and such
non-recurring or extraordinary expenses as may arise, including those relating
to actions, suits or proceedings to which the Trust on behalf of the Fund may
be a party and the legal obligation which the Trust may have to indemnify its
Trustees and officers with respect thereto.
4. Compensation of the Subadviser. For the services to be rendered by the
Subadviser hereunder, the Manager shall pay to the Subadviser an investment
subadvisory fee, accrued daily and paid monthly, at an annual rate equal to the
percentages specified below of the aggregate assets of all Funds allocated to
the Subadviser:
0.55% on the first $250 million; and
0.50% on remaining assets.
If the Subadviser serves as investment subadviser for less than the whole of
any period specified in this Section 4, the compensation to the Subadviser
shall be prorated. Neither the Trust nor the Funds shall be liable to the
Subadviser for the compensation of the Subadviser.
5. Covenants of the Subadviser. The Subadviser agrees that it will not
deal with itself, or with the Trustees of the Trust or the Trust's principal
underwriter or distributor, as principals in making purchases or sales of
securities or other property for the account of a Fund, except as permitted by
the 1940 Act, will not take a long or short position in shares of beneficial
interests of a Fund except as permitted by the Declaration, and will comply
with all other provisions of the Declaration and By-Laws and the then-current
<PAGE>
Registration Statement applicable to each Fund relative to the Subadviser and
its directors and officers.
6. Limitation of Liability of the Subadviser. The Subadviser shall not be
liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss arising out
of any investment or for any act or omission in the execution of securities
transactions for a Fund, except for willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross
negligence in the performance of its duties, or by reason of reckless disregard
of its obligations and duties hereunder. As used in this Section 6, the term
"Subadviser" shall include directors, officers and employees of the Subadviser
as well as the Subadviser itself. The Trust, on behalf of the Funds, is
expressly made a third party beneficiary of this Agreement, and may enforce any
obligations of the Subadviser under this Agreement and recover directly from
the Subadviser for any liability the Subadviser may have hereunder.
7. Indemnification. The Trust and the Manager agree to indemnify and hold
harmless the Subadviser against any and all losses, claims, damages,
liabilities or expenses (including reasonable counsel fees) arising out of or
based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material
fact contained in the registration statement, prospectus or statement of
additional information for the Trust or contained in the sales literature or
other promotional material for the Trust (or any statement or supplement to any
of the foregoing), or arise out of or are based upon the omission or the
alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein
or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading provided that this
agreement to indemnify shall not apply as to the Subadviser if such statement
or omission or such alleged statement or omission was made in reasonable
reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished to the Trust or the
Manager by or on behalf of the Subadviser for use in the registration
statement, prospectus or statement of additional information for the Funds or
sales literature or other promotional material (or any amendment or supplement)
or otherwise for use in connection with the sale of shares of the Trust.
The Subadviser agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Trust and the
Manager against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses
(including reasonable counsel fees) arising out of or based upon any untrue
statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in the
registration statement, prospectus or statement of additional information for
the Trust or contained in the sales literature or other promotional material
for the Trust (or any statement or supplement to any of the foregoing), or
<PAGE>
arise out of or are based upon the omission or the alleged omission to state
therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading, provided that this agreement to indemnify
shall apply as to the Trust and/or the Manager only if such statement or
omission or such alleged statement or omission was made in reasonable reliance
upon and in conformity with information furnished to the Trust or the Manager
by or on behalf of the Subadviser for use in the registration statement,
prospectus or statement of additional information for the Funds or sales
literature or other promotional material (or any amendment or supplement) or
otherwise for use in connection with the sale of shares of the Trust.
8. Activities of the Subadviser. The services of the Subadviser to the
Funds are not to be deemed to be exclusive, the Subadviser being free to render
investment advisory and/or other services to others, including accounts or
investment management companies with similar or identical investment objectives
to the Funds. It is understood that Trustees, officers, and shareholders of the
Trust or the Manager are or may be or may become interested in the Subadviser,
as directors, officers, employees, or otherwise and that directors, officers,
and employees of the Subadviser are or may become similarly interested in the
Trust or the Manager and that the Subadviser may be or may become interested in
the Trust as a shareholder or otherwise.
9. Duration, Termination and Amendments of this Agreement. This Agreement
shall become effective as of the day and year first above written, and shall
govern the relations between the parties hereto thereafter and shall remain in
force until _________ __, 1998, on which date it will terminate unless its
continuance after _________ __, 1998 is "specifically approved at least
annually" (a) by the vote of a majority of the Trustees of the Trust who are
not "interested persons" of the Trust or of the Manager or of the Subadviser at
a meeting specifically called for the purpose of voting on such approval, and
(b) by the Board of Trustees of the Trust or by "vote of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities" of each Fund.
This Agreement may be terminated as to any Fund at any time without the
payment of any penalty by (i) the Trustees, (ii) the "vote of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities" of that Fund, or (iii) the Manager, in each case
on not more than 60 days' nor less than 30 days' written notice to the other
party. This Agreement may be terminated as to any Fund at any time without the
payment of any penalty by the Subadviser on not less than 90 days' written
notice to the Manager. This Agreement shall automatically terminate in the
<PAGE>
event of its "assignment." Termination of this Agreement as to any Fund shall
not terminate this Agreement as it applies to the remaining Funds.
This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties and
may be amended as to any Fund only if such amendment is approved by the
Subadviser and the "vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities" of
that Fund (except for any such amendment as may be effected in the absence of
such approval without violating the 1940 Act). Amendment of any term of this
Agreement with respect to any single Fund shall not, without more, amend such
term with respect to any other Fund.
The terms "specifically approved at least annually," "vote of a majority
of the outstanding voting securities," "assignment," "affiliated person," and
"interested persons," when used in this Agreement, shall have the respective
meanings specified in, and shall be construed in a manner consistent with, the
1940 Act, subject, however, to such exemptions as may be granted by the
Securities and Exchange Commission under said Act.
10. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed and the provisions
thereof interpreted under and in accordance with the laws of The Commonwealth
of Massachusetts provided, however, that nothing herein will be construed in a
manner inconsistent with the 1940 Act, the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 or
any rules or regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder.
<PAGE>
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
executed and delivered in their names and on their behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized, all as of the day and year first above written.
CITIBANK, N.A. FRANKLIN ADVISORY SERVICES, INC.
By: By:
Title: Title:
The foregoing is acknowledged:
The undersigned officer of the Trust has executed this Agreement not
individually but in his capacity as an officer of the Trust under the
Declaration. The Trust does not hereby undertake, on behalf of the Funds or
otherwise, any obligation to the Subadviser.
LANDMARK FUNDS I
on behalf of CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 200,
CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 300,
CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 400 and
CitiSelectSM VIP Folio 500
By:
Title:
Exhibit 6
FORM OF DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT
AGREEMENT , dated as of __________ __, 1996, by and between Landmark
Funds I, a Massachusetts business trust (the "Trust"), and The Landmark Funds
Broker-Dealer Services, Inc., a Massachusetts corporation ("Distributor").
WHEREAS, the Trust engages in business as an open-end management
investment company and is registered as such under the Investment Company Act
of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act");
WHEREAS, the Trust's shares of beneficial interest ("Shares") are divided
into separate series representing interests in separate funds of securities and
other assets;
WHEREAS, the Trust wishes to retain the services of a distributor for
Shares of each class of each of the Trust's series listed on Exhibit A hereto
(the "Funds") and has registered the Shares of the Funds under the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act");
WHEREAS, Distributor has agreed to act as distributor of the Shares of
each class of the Funds for the period of this Agreement;
NOW, THEREFORE, it is hereby agreed between the parties hereto as
follows:
1. Appointment of Distributor.
(a) The Trust hereby appoints Distributor its exclusive agent for the
distribution of Shares of each class of the Funds in jurisdictions wherein such
Shares may be legally offered for sale; provided, however, that the Trust in
its absolute discretion may issue Shares of the Funds in connection with (i)
the payment or reinvestment of dividends or distributions; (ii) any merger or
consolidation of the Trust or of the Funds with any other investment company or
trust or any personal holding company, or the acquisition of the assets of any
such entity or another Fund of the Trust; or (iii) any offer of exchange
permitted by Section 11 of the 1940 Act.
(b) Distributor hereby accepts such appointment as exclusive agent for
the distribution of Shares of each class of the Funds and agrees that it will
sell the Shares as agent for the Trust at prices determined as hereinafter
<PAGE>
provided and on the terms hereinafter set forth, all according to the
then-current prospectus and statement of additional information of each Fund
(collectively, the "Prospectus" and the "Statement of Additional Information"),
applicable laws, rules and regulations and the Declaration of Trust of the
Trust. Distributor agrees to use its best efforts to solicit orders for the
sale of Shares of the Funds, and agrees to transmit promptly to the Trust (or
to the transfer agent of the Funds, if so instructed in writing by the Trust)
any orders received by it for purchase or redemption of Shares.
(c) Distributor may sell Shares of the Funds to or through qualified
securities dealers, financial institutions or others. Distributor will require
each dealer or other such party to conform to the provisions of this Agreement,
the Prospectus, the Statement of Additional Information and applicable law; and
neither Distributor nor any such dealers or others shall withhold the placing
of purchase orders for Shares so as to make a profit thereby.
(d) Distributor shall order Shares of the Funds from the Trust only to
the extent that it shall have received unconditional purchase orders therefor.
Distributor will not make, or authorize any dealers or others to make: (i) any
short sales of Shares; or (ii) any sales of Shares to any Trustee or officer of
the Trust, any officer or director of Distributor or any corporation or
association furnishing investment advisory, managerial or supervisory services
to the Trust, or to any such corporation or association, unless such sales are
made in accordance with the Prospectus and the Statement of Additional
Information.
(e) Distributor is not authorized by the Trust to give any information or
make any representations regarding Shares of the Funds, except such information
or representations as are contained in the Prospectus, the Statement of
Additional Information or advertisements and sales literature prepared by or on
behalf of the Trust for Distributor's use.
(f) The Trust agrees to execute any and all documents, to furnish any and
all information and otherwise to take all actions which may be reasonably
necessary in the discretion of the Trust's officers in connection with the
qualification of Shares of each Fund for sale in such states as Distributor and
the Trust agree.
(g) No Shares of any Fund shall be offered by either Distributor or the
Trust under this Agreement, and no orders for the purchase or sale of such
Shares hereunder shall be accepted by the Trust, if and so long as the
<PAGE>
effectiveness of the Trust's then current registration statement as to Shares
of that Fund or any necessary amendments thereto shall be suspended under any
of the provisions of the 1933 Act, or if and so long as a current prospectus
for Shares of that Fund as required by Section 10 of the 1933 Act is not on
file with the Securities and Exchange Commission; provided, however, that
nothing contained in this paragraph (g) shall in any way restrict the Trust's
obligation to repurchase any Shares from any shareholder in accordance with the
provisions of the applicable Fund's Prospectus or charter documents.
(h) Notwithstanding any provision hereof, the Trust may terminate,
suspend or withdraw the offering of Shares of any Fund whenever, in its sole
discretion, it deems such action to be desirable.
2. Offering Price of Shares. All Fund Shares sold under this Agreement
shall be sold at the public offering price per Share in effect at the time of
the sale, as described in the Prospectus. The excess, if any, of the public
offering price over the net asset value of the Shares sold by Distributor as
agent, and any contingent deferred sales charge applicable to Shares of any
class of any Fund as set forth in the applicable Fund's Prospectus, shall be
retained by Distributor as a commission for its services hereunder. Out of such
commission Distributor may allow commissions, concessions or agency fees to
dealers or other financial institutions, including banks, and may allow them to
others in its discretion in such amounts as Distributor shall determine from
time to time. Except as may be otherwise determined by Distributor from time to
time, such commissions, concessions or agency fees shall be uniform to all
dealers and other financial institutions. At no time shall the Trust receive
less than the full net asset value of the Shares of each Fund, determined in
the manner set forth in the Prospectus and the Statement of Additional
Information.
3. Furnishing of Information.
(a) The Trust shall furnish to Distributor copies of any information,
financial statements and other documents that Distributor may reasonably
request for use in connection with the sale of Shares of the Funds under this
Agreement. The Trust shall also make available a sufficient number of copies of
the Funds' Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information for use by the
Distributor.
(b) The Trust agrees to advise Distributor immediately in writing:
<PAGE>
(i) of any request by the Securities and Exchange Commission for
amendments to any registration statement concerning a Fund or to a
Prospectus or for additional information;
(ii) in the event of the issuance by the Securities and Exchange
Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of any such
registration statement or Prospectus or the initiation of any proceeding
for that purpose;
(iii)of the happening of any event which makes untrue any statement
of a material fact made in any such registration statement or Prospectus
or which requires the making of a change in such registration statement
or Prospectus in order to make the statements therein not misleading; and
(iv) of all actions of the Securities and Exchange Commission with
respect to any amendments to any such registration statement or
Prospectus which may from time to time be filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission.
4. Expenses.
(a) The Trust will pay or cause to be paid the following expenses:
organization costs of the Funds; compensation of Trustees who are not
"interested persons" of the Trust; governmental fees; interest charges; loan
commitment fees; taxes; membership dues in industry associations allocable to
the Trust; fees and expenses of independent auditors, legal counsel and any
transfer agent, distributor, registrar or dividend disbursing agent of the
Trust; expenses of issuing and redeeming shares of beneficial interest and
servicing shareholder accounts; expenses of preparing, typesetting, printing
and mailing prospectuses, statements of additional information, shareholder
reports, notices, proxy statements and reports to governmental officers and
commissions and to existing shareholders of the Funds; expenses connected with
the execution, recording and settlement of security transactions; insurance
premiums; fees and expenses of the custodian for all services to the Funds,
including safekeeping of funds and securities and maintaining required books
and accounts; expenses of calculating the net asset value of the Funds
(including but not limited to the fees of independent pricing services);
expenses of meetings of shareholders; expenses relating to the issuance,
registration and qualification of shares; and such non-recurring or
extraordinary expenses as may arise, including those relating to actions, suits
<PAGE>
or proceedings to which the Trust may be a party and the legal obligation which
the Trust may have to indemnify its Trustees and officers with respect thereto.
(b) Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, Distributor will pay
or cause to be paid all expenses connected with its own qualification as a
dealer under state and federal laws and all other expenses incurred by
Distributor in connection with the sale of Shares of each Fund as contemplated
by this Agreement.
5. Repurchase of Shares. Distributor as agent and for the account of the
Trust may repurchase Shares of the Funds offered for resale to it and redeem
such Shares at their net asset value.
6. Indemnification by the Trust. In the absence of willful misfeasance,
bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of obligations or duties
hereunder on the part of Distributor, the Trust agrees to indemnify
Distributor, its officers and directors, and any person which controls
Distributor within the meaning of the 1933 Act against any and all claims,
demands, liabilities and expenses that any such indemnified party may incur
under the 1933 Act, or common law or otherwise, arising out of or based upon
any alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the registration
statement for any Fund, any Prospectus or Statement of Additional Information,
or any advertisements or sales literature prepared by or on behalf of the Trust
for Distributor's use, or any omission to state a material fact therein, the
omission of which makes any statement contained therein misleading, unless such
statement or omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with
information furnished to the Trust in connection therewith by or on behalf of
Distributor. Nothing herein contained shall require the Trust to take any
action contrary to any provision of its Declaration of Trust or any applicable
statute or regulation.
7. Indemnification by Distributor. Distributor agrees to indemnify the
Trust, its officers and Trustees and any person which controls the Trust within
the meaning of the 1933 Act against any and all claims, demands, liabilities
and expenses that any such indemnified party may incur under the 1933 Act, or
common law or otherwise, arising out of or based upon (i) any alleged untrue
statement of a material fact contained in the registration statement for any
Fund, any Prospectus or Statement of Additional Information, or any
advertisements or sales literature prepared by or on behalf of the Trust for
Distributor's use, or any omission to state a material fact therein, the
omission of which makes any statement contained therein misleading, if such
statement or omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with
<PAGE>
information furnished to the Trust in connection therewith by or on behalf of
Distributor; and (ii) any act or deed of Distributor or its sales
representatives that has not been authorized by the Trust in any Prospectus or
Statement of Additional Information or by this Agreement.
8. Term and Termination.
(a) Unless terminated as herein provided, this Agreement shall continue
in effect as to each Fund until __________ __, 1998 and shall continue in full
force and effect as to each Fund for successive periods of one year thereafter,
but only so long as each such continuance is approved (i) by either the
Trustees of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting
securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the particular Fund, or (ii) by vote
of a majority of the Trustees of the Trust who are not parties to this
Agreement or interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of any such party
and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in this Agreement or in
any agreement related thereto ("Independent Trustees"), cast at a meeting
called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
(b) This Agreement may be terminated as to any Fund on not less than
thirty days' nor more than sixty days' written notice to the other party.
(c) This Agreement shall automatically terminate in the event of its
assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).
9. Limitation of Liability. The obligations of the Trust hereunder shall
not be binding upon any of the Trustees, officers or shareholders of the Trust
personally, but shall bind only the assets and property of the particular Fund
or Funds in question, and not any other Fund or series of the Trust. The term
"Landmark Funds I" means and refers to the Trustees from time to time serving
under the Declaration of Trust of the Trust, a copy of which is on file with
the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The execution and delivery
of this Agreement has been authorized by the Trustees, and this Agreement has
been signed on behalf of the Trust by an authorized officer of the Trust,
acting as such and not individually, and neither such authorization by such
Trustees nor such execution and delivery by such officer shall be deemed to
have been made by any of them individually or to impose any liability on any of
them personally, but shall bind only the assets and property of the Trust as
provided in the Declaration of Trust.
<PAGE>
10. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with
the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and the provisions of the 1940
Act.
IN WITNESS THEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
executed as of the date first written above.
Landmark Funds I
By:_______________________________
The Landmark Funds Broker-Dealer
Services, Inc.
By:_______________________________
<PAGE>
Exhibit A
Funds
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