PINNACLE WEST CAPITAL CORP
8-A12B/A, 1999-04-19
ELECTRIC SERVICES
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                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

                                   FORM 8-A/A
                                (AMENDMENT NO. 1)

                FOR REGISTRATION OF CERTAIN CLASSES OF SECURITIES
                    PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(B) OR 12(G) OF THE
                         SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934


                       Pinnacle West Capital Corporation
                       ---------------------------------
             (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



               Arizona                                    86-0512431
- ----------------------------------------       ---------------------------------
(State of Incorporation or Organization)       (IRS Employer Identification No.)



400 East Van Buren Street, P. O. Box 52132, Phoenix, Arizona     85072-2132
- ------------------------------------------------------------     ----------
         (Address of principal executive offices)                (Zip Code)

If this form relates to the  registration  of a class of securities  pursuant to
Section  12(b)  of  the  Exchange  Act  and is  effective  pursuant  to  General
Instruction A.(c), please check the following box. [X]

If this form relates to the  registration  of a class of securities  pursuant to
Section  12(g)  of  the  Exchange  Act  and is  effective  pursuant  to  General
Instruction A.(d), please check the following box. [ ]


       Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

       Title of each class                       Name of each exchange on
       to be so registered                      each class to be registered
       -------------------                      ---------------------------

  Preferred Share Purchase Rights                  New York Stock Exchange
                                                   Pacific Stock Exchange

       Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

                                      None.
                                ----------------
                                (Title of Class)
<PAGE>
ITEM 1. DESCRIPTION OF REGISTRANT'S SECURITIES TO BE REGISTERED.

The response to Item 1 is hereby amended to read in its entirety as follows:

         Effective  March 26,  1999,  Pinnacle  West  Capital  Corporation  (the
"Company")  amended and  restated  the  Company's  stockholder  rights plan (the
"Rights Plan") originally  adopted in 1989, which was due to expire on March 31,
1999.  When it  implemented  the  Rights  Plan in 1989,  the Board of  Directors
declared a dividend of one preferred  share  purchase right (a "Right") for each
outstanding  share of common stock,  no par value (the "Common  Stock"),  of the
Company.  The Rights were  distributed on April 17, 1989 to the  shareholders of
record on that date. Each Right entitles the registered  holder to purchase from
the Company one  one-hundredth  of a share of Series A  Participating  Preferred
Stock, no par value (the "Series A Preferred Stock"), of the Company.

         The Rights have  certain  anti-takeover  effects.  The Rights may cause
substantial  dilution to a person or group that  attempts to acquire the Company
on terms not approved by the Board of Directors. The Rights should not interfere
with any merger or other business  combination  approved by the Board because of
the Board of Directors ability to redeem the Rights, as discussed below.

         The  description  and terms of the Rights are set forth in the  Amended
and Restated Rights Agreement (the "Amended and Restated Agreement") between the
Company and BankBoston  N.A., as Rights Agent.  The summary set forth below does
not purport to be complete  and is  qualified in its entirety by the Amended and
Restated Agreement filed herewith and incorporated herein by reference.

NEW AMENDMENTS

         The primary effects of the amendments to the Rights Plan are:

         * To  increase  the  purchase  price  upon  exercise  of a  Right  (the
"Purchase Price") from $60 per share to $130 per share;

         * To extend the term of the  Rights and the Rights  Plan from March 31,
1999 until March 26, 2009;

         * To eliminate the  "redemption  window," which  permitted the Board to
redeem the Rights for a short period after a person  became an Acquiring  Person
(as defined below) under certain circumstances; and

         * To decrease the stock ownership trigger of the Rights from 20%/30% to
15% (excluding persons who inadvertently cross the 15% threshold).

RIGHTS ATTACHED TO COMMON STOCK INITIALLY

         Common Stock certificates  currently evidence the Rights. A notation on
the certificates incorporates the Rights Plan and advises the certificate holder
of the existence of the Rights. Until triggered, the Rights are transferred only
with the Common Stock certificates. Common Stock certificates issued after March
26, 1999 will contain a legend referencing the existence of a stockholder rights
plan. The surrender for transfer of outstanding  Common Stock  certificates will
also constitute the transfer of the Rights associated with the Common Stock.
<PAGE>
DISTRIBUTION OF RIGHTS

         The Company will mail separate  certificates  evidencing  the Rights to
holders  of  record  of  the  Common  Stock  on  the  "Distribution  Date."  The
Distribution  Date will be the date the Rights  separate  from the Common Stock,
and will be the earlier to occur of the following two events:

         * 10 business  days  following a public  announcement  that a person or
group of affiliated or associated  persons (an "Acquiring  Person") has acquired
beneficial ownership of 15% or more of the outstanding Common Stock; or

         * 10 business days following the commencement of, or announcement of an
intention to make, a tender or exchange  offer the  consummation  of which would
result in the  beneficial  ownership by a person or group of 15% or more of such
outstanding Common Stock.

As soon as practicable  following the Distribution Date,  separate  certificates
evidencing the Rights ("Right Certificates") will be mailed to holders of record
of the Common  Stock as of the close of  business on the  Distribution  Date and
such separate Right  Certificates alone will evidence the Rights. The Rights are
not exercisable until the Distribution Date. The Rights will expire on March 26,
2009, unless earlier redeemed or extended by the Board.

RIGHT TO PURCHASE COMPANY STOCK

         In the  event  a  person  becomes  the  owner  of 15%  or  more  of the
outstanding  shares of Common  Stock and thus  becomes  an  Acquiring  Person (a
"Flip-In  Event"),  the Rights not held by the Acquiring  Person  "flip-in" and,
instead of continuing as rights to buy Series A Preferred  Stock,  become rights
to buy from the Company shares of Common Stock having a value equal to two times
the Purchase Price of the Right. In other words, a Rights holder (other than the
Acquiring Person) may purchase Common Stock at a 50% discount.

         In the event there is  insufficient  Common Stock to permit exercise in
full of the Rights,  the Company must issue shares of Series A Preferred  Stock,
cash,  property or other securities of the Company with an aggregate value equal
to twice the Purchase Price.

         Upon the occurrence of the any such Flip-In Event,  any Rights owned by
an Acquiring  Person,  its affiliates  and  associates  and certain  transferees
thereof, shall become null and void.

RIGHT TO PURCHASE ACQUIRING PERSON STOCK

         In the event that a person becomes an Acquiring Person,  the Company is
then merged, and the Common Stock is exchanged or converted in the merger,  then
each Right (other than those formerly held by the Acquiring Person, which became
void)  would  "flip-over"  and be  exercisable  for a number of shares of common
stock of the acquiring  company  having a market value of two times the exercise
price of the Right.  In other words,  a Rights holder may purchase the acquiring
company's common stock at a 50% discount.

                                       2
<PAGE>
EXCHANGE OF RIGHTS FOR COMMON STOCK

         After a Flip-In  Event but  before a  "flip-over"  event (as  described
above) occurs and before an Acquiring Person becomes the owner of 50% or more of
the Common Stock, the Board may cause the Rights (either in whole or in part) to
be  exchanged  for shares of Common Stock (or  fractional  interests in Series A
Preferred  Stock,  or  equivalent  securities,  of equal  value) at a one-to-one
exchange ratio. Rights held by the Acquiring Person,  however, which became void
upon the Flip-In Event, would not be entitled to participate in such exchange.

REDEMPTION

         The Rights may be redeemed by the Board at a  redemption  price of $.01
per Right at any time prior to the earlier of:

         *  the time that a person or a group becomes an Acquiring Person, or

         *  March 26, 2009,  the  expiration  date of the Amended  and  Restated
Agreement.

Immediately  upon  redemption and without further action and without any notice,
the right to  exercise  the  Rights  will  terminate  and the only  right of the
holders will be to receive the redemption price.

EXPIRATION OF RIGHTS

         The Rights will expire on March 26, 2009, unless the expiration date is
extended by amendment or unless the Rights are earlier  redeemed or exchanged by
the Company as described above.

AMENDMENTS OR SUPPLEMENTS

         For so long as the Rights are  redeemable,  the terms of the Rights may
be amended or  supplemented  by the Board of Directors at any time and from time
to time  without the consent of the holders of the Rights.  At any time when the
Rights are not  redeemable,  the Board of Directors may amend or supplement  the
terms of the Rights,  provided that such amendment does not adversely affect the
interests  of the  holders  of the  Rights.  In no event  may any  amendment  or
supplement be made which changes the redemption price.

NO RIGHTS AS STOCKHOLDERS

         Until a Right is exercised, the holder thereof will have no rights as a
stockholder of the Company, including,  without limitation, the right to vote or
to receive dividends.

                                       3
<PAGE>
MISCELLANEOUS

         In order to prevent dilution,  the Purchase Price, the number of shares
of Series A Preferred  Stock or other  securities or property  purchasable  upon
exercise  of each  Right and the  number of Rights  outstanding  are  subject to
adjustment from time to time as provided in the Amended and Restated Agreement.

         The  Company  is not  required  to  issue  fractions  of  Rights  or to
distribute Right Certificates which evidence fractional Rights (except as may be
provided for in the Amended and Restated Agreement).  In lieu of such fractional
Rights, the Company will pay to the registered holders of the Right Certificates
with regard to which such  fractional  Rights would  otherwise  be issuable,  an
amount of cash equal to the same fraction of the current market value of a whole
Right.

ITEM 2. EXHIBITS.

The response to Item 2 is hereby amended to read in its entirety as follows:

       4.1    Amended and Restated Rights Agreement, dated as of March 26, 1999,
              between Pinnacle West Capital  Corporation and BankBoston N.A., as
              Rights  Agent,  including  (i) as  Exhibit A  thereto  the form of
              Amended  Certificate  of  Designation  of  Series A  Participating
              Preferred  Stock of Pinnacle  West  Capital  Corporation,  (ii) as
              Exhibit B  thereto  the form of  Rights  Certificate  and (iii) as
              Exhibit C  thereto  the  Summary  of Right to  Purchase  Preferred
              Shares.

                                       4
<PAGE>
                                    SIGNATURE

         Pursuant to the  requirements of Section 12 of the Securities  Exchange
Act of 1934, the registrant  has duly caused this  registration  statement to be
signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereto duly authorized.


                                        PINNACLE WEST CAPITAL CORPORATION



Dated: April 16, 1999                By: George A. Schreiber, Jr.
                                        ------------------------
                                        George A. Schreiber, Jr.
                                        President and Chief Financial Officer


                                       5









                          -----------------------------


                        PINNACLE WEST CAPITAL CORPORATION

                                       and

                        BANKBOSTON, N.A., as Rights Agent



                          -----------------------------


                      AMENDED AND RESTATED RIGHTS AGREEMENT

                           Dated as of March 26, 1999


                          -----------------------------

<PAGE>
                                TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                                                            Page

Section 1.      Certain Definitions...........................................1

Section 2.      Appointment of Rights Agent...................................5

Section 3.      Issue of Right Certificates...................................6

Section 4.      Form of Right Certificates....................................7

Section 5.      Countersignature and Registration.............................8

Section 6.      Transfer, Split Up, Combination and Exchange
                of Right Certificates; Mutilated, Destroyed,
                Lost or Stolen Right Certificates.............................8

Section 7.      Exercise of Rights, Purchase Price; Expiration
                Date of Rights................................................9

Section 8.      Cancellation and Destruction of Right Certificates...........10

Section 9.      Availability of Shares of Preferred Stock....................10

Section 10.     Preferred Stock Record Date..................................12

Section 11.     Adjustment of Purchase Price, Number of Shares and
                Number of Rights.............................................12

Section 12.     Certificate of Adjusted Purchase Price or Number of
                Shares.......................................................19

Section 13.     Consolidation, Merger or Sale or Transfer of Assets or
                Earning Power................................................19

Section 14.     Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares......................23

Section 15.     Rights of Action.............................................24

Section 16.     Agreement of Right Holders...................................24

Section 17.     Right Certificate Holder Not Deemed a Stockholder............25

Section 18.     Concerning the Rights Agent..................................25

Section 19.     Merger or Consolidation or Change of Name of Rights Agent....25

Section 20.     Duties of Rights Agent.......................................26

<PAGE>
Section 21.     Change of Rights Agent.......................................28

Section 22.     Issuance of New Right Certificates...........................29

Section 23.     Redemption...................................................29

Section 24.     Exchange.....................................................30

Section 25.     Notice of Certain Events.....................................31

Section 26.     Notices......................................................31

Section 27.     Supplements and Amendments...................................32

Section 28.     Successors...................................................32

Section 29.     Benefits of this Agreement...................................33

Section 30.     Determinations and Actions by the Board of Directors.........33

Section 31.     Severability.................................................33

Section 32.     Governing Law................................................33

Section 33.     Counterparts.................................................33

Section 34.     Descriptive Headings.........................................33

<PAGE>
                      AMENDED AND RESTATED RIGHTS AGREEMENT


               Amended and Restated Rights Agreement, dated as of March 26, 1999
("Agreement"), between Pinnacle West Capital Corporation, an Arizona corporation
(the "Company"), and BankBoston, N.A., a national banking association, as Rights
Agent (the "Rights Agent").

               WHEREAS,  the Board of  Directors of the Company  authorized  and
declared a dividend of one preferred  share  purchase right (a "Right") for each
share of Common Stock (as hereinafter  defined) of the Company outstanding as of
the Close of Business (as defined below) on April 17, 1989 (the "Record  Date"),
each Right  representing  the right to purchase  one  one-hundredth  (subject to
adjustment) of a share of Series A Participating Preferred Stock of the Company,
upon the terms and subject to the conditions  set forth in the Rights  Agreement
(the "Original Agreement"),  dated as of March 27, 1989, between the Company and
the Rights Agent (as defined in the Original Agreement),  and further authorized
and directed the issuance of one Right (subject to  adjustment)  with respect to
each share of Common Stock that shall become outstanding between the Record Date
and the earliest of the Distribution Date and the Expiration Date (as such terms
are defined in the Original Agreement).

               WHEREAS,  the Board of  Directors of the Company has approved and
authorized the appointment of the Rights Agent.

               WHEREAS, the Rights Agent desires to accept such appointment.

               WHEREAS,  the  Company and the Rights  Agent  desire to amend and
restate the terms and provisions of the Original Agreement in their entirety.

               NOW,  THEREFORE,  in consideration of the premises and the mutual
agreements  herein set forth, the parties hereby amend and restate the terms and
provisions of the Original Agreement so as to read in their entirety as follows:

               Section 1. CERTAIN  DEFINITIONS.  For purposes of this Agreement,
the following terms have the meaning indicated:

               (a)  "Acquiring  Person"  shall  mean any Person (as such term is
hereinafter defined) who or which shall be the Beneficial Owner (as such term is
hereinafter  defined)  of 15% or  more  of  the  shares  of  Common  Stock  then
outstanding, but shall not include an Exempt Person (as such term is hereinafter
defined);  provided,  however, that (i) if the Board of Directors of the Company
determines  in good  faith that a Person who would  otherwise  be an  "Acquiring
Person" became the  Beneficial  Owner of a number of shares of Common Stock such
that the Person would otherwise qualify as an "Acquiring  Person"  inadvertently
(including,  without  limitation,  because (A) such  Person was unaware  that it
beneficially  owned a percentage of Common Stock that would otherwise cause such
Person to be an "Acquiring Person" or (B) such Person was aware of the extent of
its Beneficial Ownership

                                        1
<PAGE>
of  Common  Stock  but  had no  actual  knowledge  of the  consequences  of such
Beneficial Ownership under this Agreement) and without any intention of changing
or influencing  control of the Company,  then such Person shall not be deemed to
be or to have become an  "Acquiring  Person" for any purposes of this  Agreement
unless and until such  Person  shall have  failed to divest  itself,  as soon as
practicable  (as  determined,  in good faith,  by the Board of  Directors of the
Company),  of  Beneficial  Ownership of a sufficient  number of shares of Common
Stock so that such Person  would no longer  otherwise  qualify as an  "Acquiring
Person";  (ii)  if,  as of  the  date  hereof  or  prior  to  the  first  public
announcement  of the  adoption of this  Agreement,  any Person is or becomes the
Beneficial  Owner of 15% or more (but  less  than  20%) of the  shares of Common
Stock  outstanding,  such  Person  shall  not be  deemed  to be or to  become an
"Acquiring  Person"  unless and until such time as such Person shall,  after the
first  public  announcement  of the  adoption  of  this  Agreement,  become  the
Beneficial Owner of additional  shares of Common Stock (other than pursuant to a
dividend or distribution  paid or made by the Company on the outstanding  Common
Stock or pursuant to a split or  subdivision of the  outstanding  Common Stock),
unless,  upon becoming the Beneficial Owner of such additional  shares of Common
Stock, such Person is not then the Beneficial Owner of 15% or more of the shares
of Common Stock then outstanding; and (iii) no Person shall become an "Acquiring
Person" as the result of an acquisition of shares of Common Stock by the Company
which, by reducing the number of shares outstanding, increases the proportionate
number of shares of Common  Stock  beneficially  owned by such  Person to 15% or
more of the shares of Common Stock then outstanding,  PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that if
a Person  shall  become  the  Beneficial  Owner of 15% or more of the  shares of
Common  Stock  then  outstanding  by reason of such  share  acquisitions  by the
Company  and shall  thereafter  become the  Beneficial  Owner of any  additional
shares of Common Stock (other than pursuant to a dividend or  distribution  paid
or made by the Company on the outstanding Common Stock or pursuant to a split or
subdivision of the outstanding  Common Stock),  then such Person shall be deemed
to be an "Acquiring  Person" unless upon becoming the  Beneficial  Owner of such
additional  shares of Common Stock such Person does not  beneficially own 15% or
more of the shares of Common  Stock then  outstanding.  For all purposes of this
Agreement,  any calculation of the number of shares of Common Stock  outstanding
at any particular  time,  including for purposes of  determining  the particular
percentage of such outstanding shares of Common Stock of which any Person is the
Beneficial  Owner,  shall be made in  accordance  with the last sentence of Rule
13d-3(d)(1)(i)  of the  General  Rules  and  Regulations  under  the  Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange  Act"), as in effect on the date
hereof.

               (b)  "Affiliate"  and  "Associate"   shall  have  the  respective
meanings  ascribed  to such  terms  in  Rule  12b-2  of the  General  Rules  and
Regulations under the Exchange Act, as in effect on the date hereof.

               (c) A Person shall be deemed the "Beneficial  Owner" of, shall be
deemed to have  "Beneficial  Ownership" of and shall be deemed to  "beneficially
own" any securities:

                    (i) which such Person or any of such Person's  Affiliates or
Associates is deemed to  beneficially  own,  directly or indirectly,  within the
meaning of Rule l3d-3 of the General  Rules and  Regulations  under the Exchange
Act as in effect on the date hereof;

                                        2
<PAGE>
                    (ii) which such Person or any of such Person's Affiliates or
Associates  has (A) the right to  acquire  (whether  such  right is  exercisable
immediately  or only  after the  passage  of time)  pursuant  to any  agreement,
arrangement or understanding  (other than customary  agreements with and between
underwriters  and  selling  group  members  with  respect to a bona fide  public
offering of  securities),  or upon the exercise of conversion  rights,  exchange
rights,  rights,  warrants or options, or otherwise;  provided,  however, that a
Person shall not be deemed the Beneficial Owner of, or to beneficially  own, (x)
securities  tendered pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made by or on behalf
of such  Person or any of such  Person's  Affiliates  or  Associates  until such
tendered securities are accepted for purchase,  (y) securities which such Person
has a right to acquire upon the exercise of Rights at any time prior to the time
that any Person becomes an Acquiring Person or (z) securities  issuable upon the
exercise of Rights from and after the time that any Person  becomes an Acquiring
Person if such  Rights  were  acquired  by such  Person or any of such  Person's
Affiliates or Associates prior to the  Distribution  Date or pursuant to Section
3(a) or Section 22 hereof  ("Original  Rights") or pursuant to Section  11(i) or
Section 11(n) with respect to an adjustment to Original Rights; or (B) the right
to vote  pursuant to any  agreement,  arrangement  or  understanding;  provided,
however,  that a Person  shall  not be  deemed  the  Beneficial  Owner of, or to
beneficially  own,  any  security by reason of such  agreement,  arrangement  or
understanding  if the  agreement,  arrangement  or  understanding  to vote  such
security  (1) arises  solely  from a  revocable  proxy or consent  given to such
Person in response to a public proxy or consent  solicitation  made pursuant to,
and in accordance with, the applicable rules and regulations  promulgated  under
the Exchange Act and (2) is not also then  reportable  on Schedule 13D under the
Exchange Act (or any comparable or successor report); or

                    (iii) which are beneficially owned,  directly or indirectly,
by any  other  Person  and with  respect  to which  such  Person  or any of such
Person's   Affiliates  or  Associates   has  any   agreement,   arrangement   or
understanding (other than customary agreements with and between underwriters and
selling group members with respect to a bona fide public offering of securities)
for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting (except to the extent contemplated
by the proviso to Section  1(c)(ii)(B))  or disposing of such  securities of the
Company;

PROVIDED,  HOWEVER, that no Person who is an officer, director or employee of an
Exempt  Person  shall be  deemed,  solely by reason of such  Person's  status or
authority  as  such,  to be the  "Beneficial  Owner"  of,  to  have  "Beneficial
Ownership" of or to  "beneficially  own" any securities  that are  "beneficially
owned" (as defined in this Section l(c)),  including,  without limitation,  in a
fiduciary capacity,  by an Exempt Person or by any other such officer,  director
or employee of an Exempt Person.

               (d)  "Business  Day" shall mean any day other than a Saturday,  a
Sunday or a day on which  banking  institutions  in the State of  Arizona or the
city in which the principal office of the Rights Agent is located are authorized
or obligated by law or executive order to close.


               (e) "Close of  Business"  on any given date shall mean 5:00 P.M.,
Eastern  time,  on such  date;  PROVIDED,  HOWEVER,  that if such  date is not a
Business  Day it shall  mean 5:00 P.M.,  Eastern  time,  on the next  succeeding
Business Day.

                                        3
<PAGE>
               (f) "Common  Stock" when used with reference to the Company shall
mean the Common Stock,  presently no par value,  of the Company.  "Common Stock"
when used with  reference  to any Person  other than the Company  shall mean the
common stock (or, in the case of an unincorporated entity, the equivalent equity
interest) with the greatest  voting power of such other Person or, if such other
Person is a subsidiary of another Person, the Person or Persons which ultimately
control such first-mentioned Person.

               (g) "Common Stock  Equivalents"  shall have the meaning set forth
in Section 11(a)(iii) hereof.

               (h)  "Current  Value" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
11(a)(iii) hereof.

               (i)  "Distribution  Date"  shall  have the  meaning  set forth in
Section 3 hereof.

               (j)  "Equivalent  Preferred  Shares"  shall have the  meaning set
forth in Section 11(b) hereof.

               (k) "Exempt  Person" shall mean the Company or any Subsidiary (as
such term is  hereinafter  defined)  of the  Company,  in each  case  including,
without limitation,  in its fiduciary capacity,  or any employee benefit plan of
the  Company  or of any  Subsidiary  of the  Company,  or any  entity or trustee
holding  Common  Stock for or  pursuant to the terms of any such plan or for the
purpose  of  funding  any such  plan or  funding  other  employee  benefits  for
employees of the Company or of any Subsidiary of the Company.

               (l) "Exchange  Ratio" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
24 hereof.

               (m) "Expiration Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
7 hereof.

               (n)  "Flip-In  Event" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
11(a)(ii) hereof.

               (o) "Final  Expiration  Date" shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 7 hereof.

               (p) "NASDAQ" shall mean The Nasdaq Stock Market.

               (q) "New  York  Stock  Exchange"  shall  mean the New York  Stock
Exchange, Inc.

               (r)  "Person"  shall  mean  any  individual,  firm,  corporation,
partnership, limited liability company, trust or other entity, and shall include
any successor (by merger or otherwise) to such entity.

               (s)  "Preferred  Stock"  shall  mean the  Series A  Participating
Preferred  Stock, no par value, of the Company having the rights and preferences
set forth in the Form of Certificate  of Designation  attached to this Agreement
as Exhibit A.

                                        4
<PAGE>
               (t) "Principal Party" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
13(b) hereof.

               (u) "Redemption Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section
7 hereof.

               (v)  "Redemption  Price"  shall  have the  meaning  set  forth in
Section 23 hereof.

               (w)  "Right  Certificate"  shall  have the  meaning  set forth in
Section 3 hereof.

               (x)  "Securities  Act" shall mean the  Securities Act of 1933, as
amended.

               (y) "Section  11(a)(ii)  Trigger Date" shall have the meaning set
forth in Section 11(a)(iii) hereof.

               (z)  "Spread"  shall  have  the  meaning  set  forth  in  Section
11(a)(iii) hereof.

               (aa) "Stock Acquisition Date" shall mean the first date of public
announcement  (which,  for purposes of this definition,  shall include,  without
limitation, a report filed pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act) by the
Company or an Acquiring Person that an Acquiring Person has become such, or such
earlier date as a majority of the Board of  Directors  shall become aware of the
existence of an Acquiring Person.

               (bb)  "Subsidiary"  of any Person shall mean any  corporation  or
other entity of which  securities or other ownership  interests  having ordinary
voting power  sufficient  to elect a majority of the board of directors or other
persons  performing  similar  functions  are  beneficially  owned,  directly  or
indirectly,  by such  Person,  and  any  corporation  or  other  entity  that is
otherwise controlled by such Person.

               (cc)  "Substitution  Period"  shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 11(a)(iii) hereof.

               (dd)  "Summary  of Rights"  shall have the  meaning  set forth in
Section 3 hereof.

               (ee)  "Trading  Day" shall have the  meaning set forth in Section
11(d)(i) hereof.

               Section 2. APPOINTMENT OF RIGHTS AGENT. The Company has appointed
the Rights  Agent to act as agent for the  Company and the holders of the Rights
(who, in accordance with Section 3 hereof,  shall prior to the Distribution Date
be the  holders of Common  Stock) in  accordance  with the terms and  conditions
hereof, and the Rights Agent has accepted such appointment. The Company may from
time  to  time  appoint  such  co-Rights  Agents  as it may  deem  necessary  or
desirable,  upon ten (10) days' prior written  notice to the Rights  Agent.  The
Rights  Agent shall have no duty to  supervise,  and shall in no event be liable
for, the acts or omissions of any such co-Rights Agent.

                                        5
<PAGE>
               Section 3.  ISSUE OF RIGHT CERTIFICATES.

               (a) Until the Close of  Business  on the earlier of (i) the tenth
day after the Stock  Acquisition  Date or (ii) the tenth  Business  Day (or such
later date as may be  determined  by action of the Board of  Directors  prior to
such time as any  Person  becomes  an  Acquiring  Person)  after the date of the
commencement  by any Person  (other  than an Exempt  Person) of, or of the first
public  announcement  of the  intention  of such  Person  (other  than an Exempt
Person) to commence,  a tender or exchange offer the consummation of which would
result in any Person (other than an Exempt Person) becoming the Beneficial Owner
of shares of Common  Stock  aggregating  15% or more of the  Common  Stock  then
outstanding  (the  earlier  of  such  dates  being  herein  referred  to as  the
"Distribution  Date"),  (x)  the  Rights  will  be  evidenced  (subject  to  the
provisions  of  Section  3(b)  hereof)  by the  certificates  for  Common  Stock
registered  in the  names  of the  holders  thereof  and not by  separate  Right
Certificates,  and (y) the Rights will be  transferable  only in connection with
the transfer of Common  Stock.  As soon as  practicable  after the  Distribution
Date,  the Company will prepare and execute,  the Rights Agent will  countersign
and the Company  will send or cause to be sent (and the Rights  Agent  will,  if
requested, send) by first-class,  insured,  postage-prepaid mail, to each record
holder of Common  Stock as of the close of  business  on the  Distribution  Date
(other than any  Acquiring  Person or any Associate or Affiliate of an Acquiring
Person),  at the address of such holder shown on the records of the  Company,  a
Right  Certificate,  in  substantially  the form of  Exhibit  B hereto (a "Right
Certificate"),  evidencing one Right (subject to adjustment as provided  herein)
for each share of Common Stock so held. As of the Distribution  Date, the Rights
will be evidenced solely by such Right Certificates.

               (b) As promptly as  practicable  following  the Record Date,  the
Company  sent a copy of a  Summary  of Rights to  Purchase  Shares of  Preferred
Stock, in substantially  the form of Exhibit C hereto (the "Summary of Rights"),
by first-class,  postage-prepaid  mail, to each record holder of Common Stock as
of the Close of Business on the Record Date, at the address of such holder shown
on the records of the  Company.  With respect to  certificates  for Common Stock
outstanding as of the Record Date, until the Distribution  Date, the Rights will
be evidenced by such certificates registered in the names of the holders thereof
together  with the  Summary  of  Rights.  Until the  Distribution  Date (or,  if
earlier, the Expiration Date), the surrender for transfer of any certificate for
Common  Stock  outstanding  on the  Record  Date,  with or without a copy of the
Summary of Rights,  shall also constitute the transfer of the Rights  associated
with the Common Stock represented thereby.

               (c)  Rights  shall be issued in  respect  of all shares of Common
Stock issued or disposed of (including,  without limitation, upon disposition of
Common Stock out of treasury stock or issuance or reissuance of Common Stock out
of  authorized  but  unissued  shares)  after the  Record  Date but prior to the
earlier  of the  Distribution  Date  and  the  Expiration  Date,  or in  certain
circumstances  provided  in  Section  22 hereof,  after the  Distribution  Date.
Certificates  issued for  Common  Stock  (including,  without  limitation,  upon
transfer  of  outstanding  Common  Stock,  disposition  of  Common  Stock out of
treasury  stock or issuance or reissuance of Common Stock out of authorized  but
unissued  shares)  after  the  Record  Date  but  prior  to the  earlier  of the
Distribution Date and the Expiration Date, or in certain

                                        6
<PAGE>
circumstances  provided in Section 22 hereof,  after the Distribution Date shall
have  impressed  on,  printed on,  written on or  otherwise  affixed to them the
following legend:

                       This  certificate  also evidences and entitles the holder
               hereof  to  certain  Rights  as set  forth in a Rights  Agreement
               between Pinnacle West Capital Corporation and The Valley National
               Bank of Arizona,  (the "Rights Agent") dated as of March 27, 1989
               (the  "Rights   Agreement"),   the  terms  of  which  are  hereby
               incorporated  herein by reference  and a copy of which is on file
               at the principal  offices of Pinnacle  West Capital  Corporation.
               Under  certain   circumstances,   as  set  forth  in  the  Rights
               Agreement,  such Rights may be  redeemed,  may expire,  or may be
               evidenced  by  separate   certificates  and  will  no  longer  be
               evidenced by this certificate.  Pinnacle West Capital Corporation
               will mail to the holder of this  certificate a copy of the Rights
               Agreement  without  charge  within  five days after  receipt of a
               written request  therefor.  Under certain  circumstances,  as set
               forth in Sections  7(e) and  11(a)(ii)  of the Rights  Agreement,
               Rights  issued to  Acquiring  Persons  (as  defined in the Rights
               Agreement) or certain related  persons and any subsequent  holder
               of such  Rights  may become  null and void.  In  addition,  under
               certain  circumstances,   as  set  forth  in  Sections  7(e)  and
               11(a)(ii)  of the Rights  Agreement,  Rights  owned by any person
               which  were  previously  owned by a person  who later  becomes an
               Acquiring Person may become null and void.

With respect to such  certificates  containing the foregoing  legend,  until the
Distribution  Date the Rights  associated  with the Common Stock  represented by
such  certificates  shall  be  evidenced  by such  certificates  alone,  and the
surrender  for transfer of any such  certificate,  except as otherwise  provided
herein,  shall also  constitute the transfer of the Rights  associated  with the
Common Stock  represented  thereby.  In the event that the Company  purchases or
otherwise  acquires  any Common  Stock  after the  Record  Date but prior to the
Distribution  Date, any Rights associated with such Common Stock shall be deemed
canceled  and retired so that the Company  shall not be entitled to exercise any
Rights associated with the Common Stock which are no longer outstanding.

               Notwithstanding  this  paragraph  (c),  the  omission of a legend
shall not affect the  enforceability of any part of this Agreement or the rights
of any holder of the Rights.

               Section  4. FORM OF RIGHT  CERTIFICATES.  The Right  Certificates
(and the forms of election to purchase shares and of assignment to be printed on
the reverse  thereof) shall be  substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit B
hereto  and may  have  such  marks of  identification  or  designation  and such
legends,  summaries  or  endorsements  printed  thereon as the  Company may deem
appropriate and as are not  inconsistent  with the provisions of this Agreement,
or as may be  required  to comply  with any  applicable  law or with any rule or
regulation  made  pursuant  thereto or with any rule or  regulation of any stock
exchange or

                                        7
<PAGE>
interdealer quotation system on which the Rights may from time to time be listed
or quoted, or to conform to usage.  Subject to the provisions of this Agreement,
the Right Certificates shall entitle the holders thereof to purchase such number
of one  one-hundredths  of a share of  Preferred  Stock  as  shall be set  forth
therein at the price per one  one-hundredth  of a share of  Preferred  Stock set
forth therein (the "Purchase Price"),  but the number of such one one-hundredths
of a share of  Preferred  Stock  and the  Purchase  Price  shall be  subject  to
adjustment as provided herein.

               Section 5.  COUNTERSIGNATURE AND REGISTRATION.

               (a) The Right  Certificates  shall be  executed  on behalf of the
Company  by the  President  of the  Company,  either  manually  or by  facsimile
signature,  shall have affixed thereto the Company's seal or a facsimile thereof
and shall be attested by the  Secretary  of the Company,  either  manually or by
facsimile signature.  The Right Certificates shall be manually  countersigned by
the Rights Agent and shall not be valid for any purpose unless countersigned. In
case  any  officer  of the  Company  who  shall  have  signed  any of the  Right
Certificates   shall   cease  to  be  such   officer  of  the   Company   before
countersignature  by the Rights  Agent and issuance and delivery by the Company,
such Right Certificates,  nevertheless, may be countersigned by the Rights Agent
and issued and delivered by the Company with the same force and effect as though
the Person who signed such Right  Certificates had not ceased to be such officer
of the Company; and any Right Certificate may be signed on behalf of the Company
by  any  Person  who,  at the  actual  date  of  the  execution  of  such  Right
Certificate,  shall  be a proper  officer  of the  Company  to sign  such  Right
Certificate,  although at the date of the  execution of this  Agreement any such
Person was not such an officer.

               (b) Following the  Distribution  Date, the Rights Agent will keep
or cause to be kept, at an office or agency  designated for such purpose,  books
for registration and transfer of the Right Certificates  issued hereunder.  Such
books shall show the names and addresses of the respective  holders of the Right
Certificates,  the number of Rights  evidenced  on its face by each of the Right
Certificates and the date of each of the Right Certificates.

               Section 6. TRANSFER,  SPLIT UP, COMBINATION AND EXCHANGE OF RIGHT
CERTIFICATES; MUTILATED, DESTROYED, LOST OR STOLEN RIGHT CERTIFICATES.

               (a)  Subject to the  provisions  of this  Agreement,  at any time
after  the  Distribution  Date  and  prior to the  Expiration  Date,  any  Right
Certificate or Right  Certificates  may be  transferred,  split up,  combined or
exchanged for another Right  Certificate  or Right  Certificates,  entitling the
registered holder to purchase a like number of one  one-hundredths of a share of
Preferred Stock as the Right Certificate or Right Certificates  surrendered then
entitled such holder to purchase.  Any registered  holder  desiring to transfer,
split up, combine or exchange any Right Certificate or Right  Certificates shall
make such request in writing  delivered to the Rights Agent, and shall surrender
the  Right  Certificate  or Right  Certificates  to be  transferred,  split  up,
combined or exchanged at the office or agency of the Rights Agent designated for
such purpose.  Thereupon the Rights Agent shall  countersign  and deliver to the
Person entitled thereto a Right Certificate or Right  Certificates,  as the case
may be, as so

                                        8
<PAGE>
requested.  The Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax
or  governmental  charge that may be imposed in  connection  with any  transfer,
split up, combination or exchange of Right Certificates.

               (b)  Subject to the  provisions  of this  Agreement,  at any time
after the  Distribution  Date and prior to the Expiration  Date, upon receipt by
the Company and the Rights Agent of evidence reasonably  satisfactory to them of
the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of a Right Certificate,  and, in case
of loss, theft or destruction,  of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory
to them,  and, at the Company's  request,  reimbursement  to the Company and the
Rights Agent of all reasonable expenses  incidental thereto,  and upon surrender
to the Rights Agent and cancellation of the Right Certificate if mutilated,  the
Company  will  make and  deliver a new Right  Certificate  of like  tenor to the
Rights  Agent  for  delivery  to the  registered  holder  in lieu  of the  Right
Certificate so lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated.

               Section 7. EXERCISE OF RIGHTS, PURCHASE PRICE; EXPIRATION DATE OF
RIGHTS.

               (a) Except as otherwise  provided herein, the Rights shall become
exercisable on the  Distribution  Date, and thereafter the registered  holder of
any Right  Certificate  may,  subject to Section  11(a)(ii) hereof and except as
otherwise provided herein,  exercise the Rights evidenced thereby in whole or in
part upon  surrender  of the Right  Certificate,  with the form of  election  to
purchase on the reverse side thereof duly  executed,  to the Rights Agent at the
office or agency of the Rights Agent designated for such purpose,  together with
payment of the aggregate  Purchase Price with respect to the total number of one
one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock (or other securities, cash or other
assets,  as the case may be) as to which the Rights are  exercised,  at any time
which is both after the Distribution Date and prior to the time (the "Expiration
Date") that is the  earliest of (i) the Close of Business on March 26, 2009 (the
"Final  Expiration  Date"),  (ii) the time at which the Rights are  redeemed  as
provided in Section 23 hereof (the "Redemption Date") or (iii) the time at which
such Rights are exchanged as provided in Section 24 hereof.

               (b) The  Purchase  Price  shall  be  initially  $130 for each one
one-hundredth  of a share of Preferred Stock  purchasable upon the exercise of a
Right.  The Purchase  Price and the number of one  one-hundredths  of a share of
Preferred Stock or other  securities or property to be acquired upon exercise of
a Right shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as provided in Sections
11 and 13 hereof and shall be payable  in lawful  money of the United  States of
America in accordance with paragraph (c) of this Section 7.

               (c) Except as otherwise provided herein,  upon receipt of a Right
Certificate  representing  exercisable  Rights,  with  the form of  election  to
purchase duly executed,  accompanied by payment of the aggregate  Purchase Price
for the shares of  Preferred  Stock to be  purchased  and an amount equal to any
applicable  transfer  tax  required  to be paid  by the  holder  of  such  Right
Certificate in accordance with Section 9 hereof,  in cash or by certified check,
cashier's  check or money order payable to the order of the Company,  the Rights
Agent shall thereupon  promptly (i) (A)  requisition  from any transfer agent of
the Preferred Stock, or make available if the Rights Agent is the transfer agent
for the Preferred Stock, certificates

                                        9
<PAGE>
for the number of shares of  Preferred  Stock to be  purchased,  and the Company
hereby  irrevocably  authorizes  its  transfer  agent  to  comply  with all such
requests,  or (B) requisition  from a depositary  agent appointed by the Company
depositary receipts representing  interests in such number of one one-hundredths
of a share of Preferred Stock as are to be purchased (in which case certificates
for the Preferred  Stock  represented by such receipts shall be deposited by the
transfer  agent with the depositary  agent),  and the Company hereby directs any
such  depositary  agent to comply  with  such  request,  (ii) when  appropriate,
requisition  from the  Company the amount of cash to be paid in lieu of issuance
of fractional shares in accordance with Section 14 hereof,  (iii) promptly after
receipt  of such  certificates  or  depositary  receipts,  cause  the same to be
delivered  to or  upon  the  order  of  the  registered  holder  of  such  Right
Certificate,  registered  in such  name or  names as may be  designated  by such
holder and (iv) when appropriate,  after receipt,  promptly deliver such cash to
or upon the order of the registered holder of such Right Certificate.

               (d) Except as otherwise  provided herein,  in case the registered
holder of any  Right  Certificate  shall  exercise  less than all of the  Rights
evidenced thereby,  a new Right Certificate  evidencing Rights equivalent to the
exercisable Rights remaining  unexercised shall be issued by the Rights Agent to
the  registered  holder  of such  Right  Certificate  or to his duly  authorized
assigns, subject to the provisions of Section 14 hereof.

               (e)  Notwithstanding  anything in this Agreement to the contrary,
neither the Rights Agent nor the Company  shall be  obligated  to undertake  any
action with respect to a registered  holder of Rights upon the occurrence of any
purported  transfer or  exercise of Rights  pursuant to Section 6 hereof or this
Section 7 unless such registered  holder shall have (i) completed and signed the
certificate  contained in the form of assignment or form of election to purchase
set forth on the reverse  side of the Rights  Certificate  surrendered  for such
transfer or exercise and (ii) provided such additional  evidence of the identity
of the  Beneficial  Owner (or former  Beneficial  Owner)  thereof as the Company
shall reasonably request.

               Section 8.  CANCELLATION  AND DESTRUCTION OF RIGHT  CERTIFICATES.
All Right Certificates surrendered for the purpose of exercise,  transfer, split
up,  combination or exchange  shall,  if surrendered to the Company or to any of
its agents,  be delivered to the Rights  Agent for  cancellation  or in canceled
form, or, if  surrendered  to the Rights Agent,  shall be canceled by it, and no
Right Certificates shall be issued in lieu thereof except as expressly permitted
by any of the  provisions  of this  Agreement.  The Company shall deliver to the
Rights  Agent for  cancellation  and  retirement,  and the Rights Agent shall so
cancel and retire,  any other  Right  Certificate  purchased  or acquired by the
Company otherwise than upon the exercise thereof. The Rights Agent shall deliver
all canceled Right Certificates to the Company, or shall, at the written request
of the Company, destroy such canceled Right Certificates, and in such case shall
deliver a certificate of destruction thereof to the Company.

               Section 9.  AVAILABILITY OF SHARES OF PREFERRED STOCK.

               (a) The  Company  covenants  and agrees  that it will cause to be
reserved  and kept  available  out of its  authorized  and  unissued  shares  of
Preferred Stock or any shares of

                                       10
<PAGE>
Preferred  Stock held in its treasury,  the number of shares of Preferred  Stock
that  will be  sufficient  to permit  the  exercise  in full of all  outstanding
Rights.

               (b) So long as the shares of Preferred  Stock  issuable  upon the
exercise  of  Rights  may be listed  or  admitted  to  trading  on any  national
securities exchange, or quoted on NASDAQ, the Company shall use its best efforts
to cause, from and after such time as the Rights become exercisable,  all shares
reserved for such issuance to be listed or admitted to trading on such exchange,
or quoted on NASDAQ, upon official notice of issuance upon such exercise.

               (c) From and after  such time as the Rights  become  exercisable,
the Company shall use its best efforts, if then necessary to permit the issuance
of shares of  Preferred  Stock upon the  exercise  of Rights,  to  register  and
qualify  such  shares  of  Preferred  Stock  under  the  Securities  Act and any
applicable  state  securities  or  "Blue  Sky"  laws (to the  extent  exemptions
therefrom   are  not   available),   cause  such   registration   statement  and
qualifications  to become  effective  as soon as possible  after such filing and
keep such  registration  and  qualifications  effective until the earlier of the
date as of which the Rights are no longer  exercisable  for such  securities and
the Expiration Date. The Company may temporarily  suspend,  for a period of time
not to exceed 90 days, the  exercisability of the Rights in order to prepare and
file a registration  statement  under the Securities Act and permit it to become
effective.  Upon  any  such  suspension,   the  Company  shall  issue  a  public
announcement  stating that the exercisability of the Rights has been temporarily
suspended, as well as a public announcement at such time as the suspension is no
longer  in  effect.  Notwithstanding  any  provision  of this  Agreement  to the
contrary,  the Rights shall not be  exercisable in any  jurisdiction  unless the
requisite  qualification in such jurisdiction shall have been obtained and until
a  registration  statement  under the  Securities  Act shall have been  declared
effective, unless an exemption therefrom is available.

               (d) The Company  covenants  and agrees that it will take all such
action  as may be  necessary  to  ensure  that all  shares  of  Preferred  Stock
delivered  upon  exercise  of  Rights  shall,  at the  time of  delivery  of the
certificates  therefor  (subject to payment of the Purchase Price),  be duly and
validly authorized and issued and fully paid and nonassessable shares.

               (e) The  Company  further  covenants  and agrees that it will pay
when due and payable any and all  federal and state  transfer  taxes and charges
which may be  payable  in  respect  of the  issuance  or  delivery  of the Right
Certificates  or of any shares of  Preferred  Stock upon the exercise of Rights.
The Company shall not, however, be required to pay any transfer tax which may be
payable in respect of any transfer or delivery of Right Certificates to a Person
other than, or the issuance or delivery of certificates  or depositary  receipts
for the Preferred  Stock in a name other than that of, the registered  holder of
the Right Certificate  evidencing Rights surrendered for exercise or to issue or
deliver any  certificates  or depositary  receipts for Preferred  Stock upon the
exercise  of any  Rights  until any such tax shall  have been paid (any such tax
being payable by that holder of such Right Certificate at the time of surrender)
or until it has been established to the Company's  reasonable  satisfaction that
no such tax is due.

                                       11
<PAGE>
               Section 10.  PREFERRED  STOCK RECORD  DATE.  Each Person in whose
name any  certificate  for Preferred Stock is issued upon the exercise of Rights
shall for all  purposes  be deemed to have  become  the  holder of record of the
shares of Preferred Stock represented  thereby on, and such certificate shall be
dated, the date upon which the Right Certificate evidencing such Rights was duly
surrendered  and  payment of the  Purchase  Price (and any  applicable  transfer
taxes)  was made;  provided,  however,  that if the date of such  surrender  and
payment is a date upon which the Preferred  Stock  transfer books of the Company
are closed, such Person shall be deemed to have become the record holder of such
shares on, and such certificate shall be dated, the next succeeding Business Day
on which the Preferred  Stock transfer  books of the Company are open.  Prior to
the exercise of the Rights evidenced thereby,  the holder of a Right Certificate
shall not be entitled to any rights of a holder of Preferred Stock for which the
Rights shall be exercisable, including, without limitation, the right to vote or
to  receive  dividends  or other  distributions,  and shall not be  entitled  to
receive any notice of any proceedings of the Company, except as provided herein.

               Section  11.  ADJUSTMENT  OF PURCHASE  PRICE,  NUMBER AND KIND OF
SHARES  AND  NUMBER OF  RIGHTS.  The  Purchase  Price,  the  number of shares of
Preferred  Stock or other  securities or property  purchasable  upon exercise of
each Right and the number of Rights  outstanding  are subject to adjustment from
time to time as provided in this Section 11.

               (a)(i) In the event the Company  shall at any time after the date
of this Agreement (A) declare and pay a dividend on the Preferred  Stock payable
in shares of Preferred Stock, (B) subdivide the outstanding Preferred Stock, (C)
combine  the  outstanding  Preferred  Stock  into a smaller  number of shares of
Preferred   Stock  or  (D)  issue  any  shares  of  its   capital   stock  in  a
reclassification of the Preferred Stock (including any such  reclassification in
connection with a consolidation or merger in which the Company is the continuing
or surviving  corporation),  except as otherwise provided in this Section 11(a),
the number and kind of shares of capital stock issuable upon exercise of a Right
as of  the  record  date  for  such  dividend  or the  effective  date  of  such
subdivision,  combination or reclassification shall be proportionately  adjusted
so that the holder of any Right  exercised  after such time shall be entitled to
receive the aggregate  number and kind of shares of capital stock which, if such
Right had been exercised  immediately  prior to such date and at a time when the
Preferred  Stock  transfer books of the Company were open, the holder would have
owned  upon  such  exercise  and been  entitled  to  receive  by  virtue of such
dividend, subdivision, combination or reclassification.

               (ii)  Subject to Section 24 of this  Agreement,  in the event any
Person  becomes an Acquiring  Person (the first  occurrence  of such event being
referred to  hereinafter  as the "Flip-In  Event"),  then (A) the Purchase Price
shall be adjusted to be the Purchase  Price in effect  immediately  prior to the
Flip-In  Event  multiplied  by the  number of one  one-hundredths  of a share of
Preferred  Stock  for which a Right was  exercisable  immediately  prior to such
Flip-In  Event,  whether  or not such Right was then  exercisable,  and (B) each
holder of a Right,  except as otherwise  provided in this Section  11(a)(ii) and
Section  11(a)(iii)  hereof,  shall  thereafter have the right to receive,  upon
exercise  thereof at a price equal to the Purchase  Price (as so  adjusted),  in
accordance  with the terms of this  Agreement and in lieu of shares of Preferred
Stock, such number of shares of Common Stock as shall equal the result obtained

                                       12
<PAGE>
by dividing the Purchase  Price (as so adjusted) by 50% of the current per share
market price of the Common Stock  (determined  pursuant to Section 11(d) hereof)
on the date of such Flip-In Event;  PROVIDED,  HOWEVER,  that the Purchase Price
(as so  adjusted)  and the number of shares of Common Stock so  receivable  upon
exercise of a Right shall,  following the Flip-In  Event,  be subject to further
adjustment   as   appropriate   in   accordance   with  Section   11(f)  hereof.
Notwithstanding  anything in this Agreement to the contrary,  however,  from and
after the  Flip-In  Event,  any Rights  that are  beneficially  owned by (x) any
Acquiring Person (or any Affiliate or Associate of any Acquiring Person),  (y) a
transferee of any  Acquiring  Person (or any such  Affiliate or  Associate)  who
becomes  a  transferee  after  the  Flip-In  Event  or (z) a  transferee  of any
Acquiring  Person (or any such  Affiliate or Associate)  who became a transferee
prior to or  concurrently  with the  Flip-In  Event  pursuant  to  either  (I) a
transfer from the Acquiring Person to holders of its equity securities or to any
Person with whom it has any continuing  agreement,  arrangement or understanding
regarding the transferred Rights or (II) a transfer which the Board of Directors
has  determined is part of a plan,  arrangement or  understanding  which has the
purpose or effect of avoiding the provisions of this  paragraph,  and subsequent
transferees  of such Persons,  shall be void without any further  action and any
holder of such Rights shall thereafter have no rights whatsoever with respect to
such Rights under any  provision of this  Agreement.  The Company  shall use all
reasonable  efforts to ensure that the provisions of this Section  11(a)(ii) are
complied with,  but shall have no liability to any holder of Right  Certificates
or other  Person  as a result of its  failure  to make any  determinations  with
respect to an Acquiring  Person or its  Affiliates,  Associates  or  transferees
hereunder.  From and after the  Flip-In  Event,  no Right  Certificate  shall be
issued pursuant to Section 3 or Section 6 hereof that represents Rights that are
or have become void pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph,  and any Right
Certificate  delivered  to the Rights Agent that  represents  Rights that are or
have become void pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph shall be canceled.
From and after the occurrence of an event specified in Section 13(a) hereof, any
Rights  that  theretofore  have  not been  exercised  pursuant  to this  Section
11(a)(ii) shall thereafter be exercisable only in accordance with Section 13 and
not pursuant to this Section 11(a)(ii).

               (iii) The  Company  may at its option  substitute  for a share of
Common  Stock  issuable  upon the  exercise  of  Rights in  accordance  with the
foregoing  subparagraph  (ii) a number of shares of Preferred  Stock or fraction
thereof  such that the current per share  market price of one share of Preferred
Stock  multiplied  by such  number or fraction is equal to the current per share
market price of one share of Common Stock.  In the event that there shall not be
sufficient  shares of Common Stock issued but not  outstanding or authorized but
unissued  to permit the  exercise in full of the Rights in  accordance  with the
foregoing  subparagraph  (ii),  the  Board of  Directors  shall,  to the  extent
permitted by applicable law and any material  agreements then in effect to which
the Company is a party (A) determine  the excess (such excess,  the "Spread") of
(1) the value of the shares of Common  Stock  issuable  upon the  exercise  of a
Right in accordance with the foregoing  subparagraph  (ii) (the "Current Value")
over (2) the  Purchase  Price (as  adjusted  in  accordance  with the  foregoing
subparagraph  (ii)), and (B) with respect to each Right (other than Rights which
have become void pursuant to the  foregoing  subparagraph  (ii)),  make adequate
provision to  substitute  for the shares of Common Stock  issuable in accordance
with the foregoing  subparagraph  (ii) upon exercise of the Right and payment of
the  Purchase  Price (as  adjusted in  accordance  therewith),  (1) cash,  (2) a
reduction in such Purchase Price, (3) shares of Preferred Stock or other equity

                                       13
<PAGE>
securities of the Company (including, without limitation, shares or fractions of
shares of  preferred  stock  which,  by virtue of having  dividend,  voting  and
liquidation  rights  substantially  comparable  to those of the shares of Common
Stock, are deemed in good faith by the Board of Directors to have  substantially
the same value as the shares of Common Stock (such shares of Preferred Stock and
shares or fractions of shares of preferred stock are hereinafter  referred to as
"Common Stock  Equivalents")),  (4) debt  securities  of the Company,  (5) other
assets,  or (6) any  combination  of the foregoing,  having a value which,  when
added to the value of the shares of Common  Stock  issued upon  exercise of such
Right, shall have an aggregate value equal to the Current Value (less the amount
of any reduction in such Purchase  Price),  where such aggregate  value has been
determined by the Board of Directors upon the advice of a nationally  recognized
investment  banking  firm  selected  in good  faith by the  Board of  Directors;
provided,  however,  that if the Company  shall not make  adequate  provision to
deliver value pursuant to clause (B) above within thirty (30) days following the
Flip-In Event (the "Section 11(a) (ii) Trigger Date"), then the Company shall be
obligated to deliver, to the extent permitted by applicable law and any material
agreements  then in effect to which the Company is a party,  upon the  surrender
for exercise of a Right and without  requiring  payment of such Purchase  Price,
shares of Common Stock (to the extent available),  and then, if necessary,  such
number or fractions of shares of Preferred  Stock (to the extent  available) and
then, if necessary, cash, which shares and/or cash have an aggregate value equal
to the  Spread.  If, upon the  occurrence  of the  Flip-In  Event,  the Board of
Directors  shall  determine  in good  faith  that it is likely  that  sufficient
additional shares of Common Stock could be authorized for issuance upon exercise
in full of the Rights,  then,  if the Board of Directors  so elects,  the thirty
(30) day period set forth above may be extended to the extent necessary, but not
more than ninety (90) days after the Section  11(a) (ii) Trigger  Date, in order
that the Company may seek  stockholder  approval for the  authorization  of such
additional shares (such thirty (30) day period, as it may be extended, is herein
called the  "Substitution  Period").  To the extent that the Company  determines
that some action need be taken  pursuant to the second and/or third  sentence of
this  Section  11(a)(iii),  the  Company (x) shall  provide,  subject to Section
11(a)(ii) hereof and the last sentence of this Section 11(a)(iii)  hereof,  that
such action shall apply uniformly to all outstanding  Rights and (y) may suspend
the exercisability of the Rights until the expiration of the Substitution Period
in order to seek any  authorization  of  additional  shares and/or to decide the
appropriate form of distribution to be made pursuant to such second sentence and
to determine the value thereof. In the event of any such suspension, the Company
shall issue a public announcement  stating that the exercisability of the Rights
has been temporarily suspended, as well as a public announcement at such time as
the suspension is no longer in effect. For purposes of this Section  11(a)(iii),
the value of the shares of Common  Stock shall be the  current per share  market
price (as  determined  pursuant to Section  11(d)(i))  on the Section  11(a)(ii)
Trigger  Date  and the per  share  or  fractional  value  of any  "Common  Stock
Equivalent"  shall be deemed to equal the current per share  market price of the
Common  Stock.  The Board of  Directors  of the  Company  may,  but shall not be
required to,  establish  procedures  to allocate the right to receive  shares of
Common Stock upon the exercise of the Rights among holders of Rights pursuant to
this Section 11(a)(iii).

               (b) In case the Company  shall fix a record date for the issuance
of rights,  options or warrants to all holders of Preferred Stock entitling them
(for a period  expiring  within 45  calendar  days  after such  record  date) to
subscribe for or purchase Preferred Stock

                                       14
<PAGE>
(or shares having the same rights,  privileges and  preferences as the Preferred
Stock ("Equivalent  Preferred Shares")) or securities convertible into Preferred
Stock or Equivalent  Preferred Shares at a price per share of Preferred Stock or
Equivalent  Preferred  Shares (or  having a  conversion  price per  share,  if a
security  convertible  into shares of Preferred  Stock or  Equivalent  Preferred
Shares) less than the then current per share market price of the Preferred Stock
(determined  pursuant to Section 11(d) hereof) on such record date, the Purchase
Price to be in effect after such record date shall be determined by  multiplying
the  Purchase  Price  in  effect  immediately  prior  to such  record  date by a
fraction,  the  numerator  of which  shall be the number of shares of  Preferred
Stock and Equivalent  Preferred Shares  outstanding on such record date plus the
number of shares of Preferred  Stock and Equivalent  Preferred  Shares which the
aggregate offering price of the total number of shares of Preferred Stock and/or
Equivalent  Preferred  Shares so to be offered  (and/or  the  aggregate  initial
conversion price of the convertible  securities so to be offered) would purchase
at such current market price,  and the  denominator of which shall be the number
of shares of Preferred Stock and Equivalent Preferred Shares outstanding on such
record  date plus the number of  additional  shares of  Preferred  Stock  and/or
Equivalent  Preferred Shares to be offered for subscription or purchase (or into
which the  convertible  securities so to be offered are initially  convertible);
provided,  however, that in no event shall the consideration to be paid upon the
exercise  of one Right be less  than the  aggregate  par value of the  shares of
capital stock of the Company  issuable upon exercise of one Right.  In case such
subscription  price may be paid in a consideration part or all of which shall be
in a form  other  than  cash,  the  value  of  such  consideration  shall  be as
determined  in good  faith  by the  Board of  Directors  of the  Company,  whose
determination  shall be  described in a statement  filed with the Rights  Agent.
Shares of Preferred Stock and Equivalent  Preferred  Shares owned by or held for
the account of the Company  shall not be deemed  outstanding  for the purpose of
any such computation. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever such a
record date is fixed; and in the event that such rights, options or warrants are
not so issued,  the Purchase  Price shall be adjusted to be the  Purchase  Price
which would then be in effect if such record date had not been fixed.

               (c) In case the Company shall fix a record date for the making of
a  distribution  to all  holders  of the  Preferred  Stock  (including  any such
distribution  made in  connection  with a  consolidation  or merger in which the
Company is the continuing or surviving corporation) of evidences of indebtedness
or assets (other than a regular quarterly cash dividend or a dividend payable in
Preferred Stock) or subscription rights or warrants (excluding those referred to
in Section 11(b)  hereof),  the Purchase Price to be in effect after such record
date shall be determined by multiplying the Purchase Price in effect immediately
prior to such  record date by a fraction,  the  numerator  of which shall be the
then current per share market price of the Preferred Stock (determined  pursuant
to Section  11(d)  hereof) on such record  date,  less the fair market value (as
determined  in good  faith  by the  Board  of  Directors  of the  Company  whose
determination  shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent) of
the portion of the assets or evidences of  indebtedness  so to be distributed or
of such  subscription  rights or warrants  applicable  to one share of Preferred
Stock, and the denominator of which shall be such current per share market price
(determined pursuant to Section 11(d) hereof) of the Preferred Stock;  provided,
however,  that in no event shall the  consideration to be paid upon the exercise
of one Right be less than the aggregate par value of the shares of capital stock
of the Company to be issued upon exercise of one Right. Such adjustments shall

                                       15
<PAGE>
be made successively whenever such a record date is fixed; and in the event that
such  distribution is not so made, the Purchase Price shall again be adjusted to
be the Purchase  Price which would then be in effect if such record date had not
been fixed.

               (d)(i) Except as otherwise  provided  herein,  for the purpose of
any computation hereunder, the "current per share market price " of any security
(a  "Security"  for the purpose of this  Section  11(d)(i)) on any date shall be
deemed to be the average of the daily closing  prices per share of such Security
for the 30  consecutive  Trading  Days (as  such  term is  hereinafter  defined)
immediately prior to such date;  provided,  however,  that in the event that the
current per share  market price of the  Security is  determined  during a period
following the  announcement  by the issuer of such Security of (A) a dividend or
distribution  on such Security  payable in shares of such Security or securities
convertible  into  such  shares,   or  (B)  any   subdivision,   combination  or
reclassification  of such  Security,  and prior to the  expiration of 30 Trading
Days after the ex-dividend date for such dividend or distribution, or the record
date for such subdivision,  combination or  reclassification,  then, and in each
such case, the current per share market price shall be appropriately adjusted to
reflect the current  market price per share  equivalent  of such  Security.  The
closing  price for each day shall be the last sale price,  regular  way,  or, in
case no such sale takes  place on such day,  the  average of the closing bid and
asked  prices,  regular  way,  in  either  case  as  reported  by the  principal
consolidated  transaction  reporting system with respect to securities listed or
admitted to trading on the New York Stock  Exchange  or, if the  Security is not
listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock Exchange, as reported in the
principal  consolidated  transaction reporting system with respect to securities
listed on the principal  national  securities  exchange on which the Security is
listed or admitted  to trading or, if the  Security is not listed or admitted to
trading on any national securities exchange, the last quoted price or, if not so
quoted, the average of the high bid and low asked prices in the over-the-counter
market,  as reported by NASDAQ or such other  system then in use,  or, if on any
such date the  Security is not quoted by any such  organization,  the average of
the closing bid and asked  prices as furnished  by a  professional  market maker
making a market  in the  Security  selected  by the  Board of  Directors  of the
Company. The term "Trading Day" shall mean a day on which the principal national
securities  exchange  on which the  Security is listed or admitted to trading is
open for the  transaction  of  business  or, if the  Security  is not  listed or
admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, a Business Day.

               (ii)  For  the  purpose  of  any  computation  hereunder,  if the
Preferred Stock is publicly traded,  the "current per share market price" of the
Preferred  Stock shall be determined in accordance  with the method set forth in
Section  11(d)(i).  If the Preferred Stock is not publicly traded but the Common
Stock is publicly traded,  the "current per share market price" of the Preferred
Stock shall be  conclusively  deemed to be the current per share market price of
the Common Stock as determined  pursuant to Section  11(d)(i)  multiplied by the
then  applicable  Adjustment  Number (as defined in and determined in accordance
with the  Certificate of Designation  for the Preferred  Stock).  If neither the
Common  Stock nor the  Preferred  Stock is publicly  traded,  "current per share
market price" shall mean the fair value per share as determined in good faith by
the Board of Directors of the Company, whose determination shall be described in
a statement filed with the Rights Agent.

                                       16
<PAGE>
               (e) No adjustment in the Purchase Price shall be required  unless
such  adjustment  would  require an  increase  or decrease of at least 1% in the
Purchase Price; PROVIDED,  HOWEVER, that any adjustments which by reason of this
Section  11(e) are not  required  to be made shall be carried  forward and taken
into account in any subsequent  adjustment.  All calculations under this Section
11 shall be made to the nearest cent or to the nearest one  ten-thousandth  of a
share of Preferred  Stock or  one-hundredth  of a share of Common Stock or other
share or security as the case may be. Notwithstanding the first sentence of this
Section 11(e), any adjustment required by this Section 11 shall be made no later
than the  earlier  of (i) three  years  from the date of the  transaction  which
requires such adjustment or (ii) the Expiration Date.

               (f) If as a result of an  adjustment  made  pursuant  to  Section
11(a) hereof, the holder of any Right thereafter exercised shall become entitled
to receive any shares of capital  stock of the Company  other than the Preferred
Stock,  thereafter  the  Purchase  Price and the number of such other  shares so
receivable  upon exercise of a Right shall be subject to adjustment from time to
time in a  manner  and on terms  as  nearly  equivalent  as  practicable  to the
provisions  with respect to the  Preferred  Stock  contained in Sections  11(a),
11(b),  11(c),  11(e),  11(h),  11(i) and 11(m) hereof,  as applicable,  and the
provisions  of Sections 7, 9, 10, 13 and 14 hereof with respect to the Preferred
Stock shall apply on like terms to any such other shares.

               (g) All Rights originally issued by the Company subsequent to any
adjustment  made to the Purchase  Price  hereunder  shall  evidence the right to
purchase,  at the adjusted Purchase Price, the number of one one-hundredths of a
share of Preferred Stock  purchasable  from time to time hereunder upon exercise
of the Rights, all subject to further adjustment as provided herein.

               (h) Unless the  Company  shall have  exercised  its  election  as
provided in Section  11(i),  upon each  adjustment  of the  Purchase  Price as a
result  of the  calculations  made in  Sections  11(b)  and  11(c),  each  Right
outstanding  immediately prior to the making of such adjustment shall thereafter
evidence the right to purchase,  at the adjusted  Purchase Price, that number of
one  one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock (calculated to the nearest one
ten-thousandth  of a share of Preferred  Stock)  obtained by (i) multiplying (x)
the number of one  one-hundredths  of a share purchasable upon the exercise of a
Right  immediately  prior to such adjustment by (y) the Purchase Price in effect
immediately  prior to such  adjustment and (ii) dividing the product so obtained
by the Purchase Price in effect immediately after such adjustment.

               (i) The Company may elect on or after the date of any  adjustment
of the Purchase  Price  pursuant to Sections 11(b) or 11(c) hereof to adjust the
number of  Rights,  in  substitution  for any  adjustment  in the  number of one
one-hundredths  of a share of Preferred Stock purchasable upon the exercise of a
Right.  Each of the Rights  outstanding  after such  adjustment of the number of
Rights shall be exercisable for the number of one  one-hundredths  of a share of
Preferred  Stock  for which a Right was  exercisable  immediately  prior to such
adjustment.  Each Right held of record prior to such adjustment of the number of
Rights  shall  become  that  number  of  Rights   (calculated   to  the  nearest
one-hundredth) obtained by dividing

                                       17
<PAGE>
the Purchase  Price in effect  immediately  prior to  adjustment of the Purchase
Price by the  Purchase  Price in  effect  immediately  after  adjustment  of the
Purchase Price. The Company shall make a public  announcement of its election to
adjust the number of Rights, indicating the record date for the adjustment, and,
if known at the time, the amount of the adjustment to be made.  Such record date
may be the date on which the Purchase  Price is adjusted or any day  thereafter,
but, if the Right Certificates have been issued, shall be at least 10 days later
than the  date of the  public  announcement.  If Right  Certificates  have  been
issued,  upon each  adjustment of the number of Rights  pursuant to this Section
11(i),  the Company may, as promptly as practicable,  cause to be distributed to
holders of record of Right  Certificates on such record date Right  Certificates
evidencing,  subject to Section 14 hereof,  the additional  Rights to which such
holders shall be entitled as a result of such  adjustment,  or, at the option of
the  Company,  shall  cause to be  distributed  to such  holders  of  record  in
substitution  and  replacement for the Right  Certificates  held by such holders
prior to the date of adjustment,  and upon surrender thereof, if required by the
Company, new Right Certificates  evidencing all the Rights to which such holders
shall be entitled after such adjustment. Right Certificates so to be distributed
shall be issued,  executed and  countersigned  in the manner provided for herein
and  shall  be  registered  in the  names  of the  holders  of  record  of Right
Certificates on the record date specified in the public announcement.

               (j)  Irrespective  of any  adjustment  or change in the  Purchase
Price or the number of one one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock issuable
upon the exercise of a Right, the Right Certificates  theretofore and thereafter
issued  may  continue  to  express  the  Purchase  Price  and the  number of one
one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock which were expressed in the initial
Right Certificates issued hereunder.

               (k)  Before  taking any action  that  would  cause an  adjustment
reducing the Purchase Price below the then par value, if any, of the fraction of
Preferred  Stock or other shares of capital  stock  issuable  upon exercise of a
Right,  the Company shall take any corporate action which may, in the opinion of
its  counsel,  be  necessary  in order that the  Company may validly and legally
issue  fully  paid and  nonassessable  shares of  Preferred  Stock or other such
shares at such adjusted Purchase Price.

               (l) In any case in which this  Section 11 shall  require  that an
adjustment  in the  Purchase  Price be made  effective as of a record date for a
specified  event,  the Company may elect to defer until the  occurrence  of such
event  issuing to the holder of any Right  exercised  after such record date the
Preferred  Stock and other capital  stock or securities of the Company,  if any,
issuable upon such exercise over and above the Preferred Stock and other capital
stock or securities of the Company,  if any,  issuable upon such exercise on the
basis of the  Purchase  Price in  effect  prior  to such  adjustment;  PROVIDED,
HOWEVER,  that the  Company  shall  deliver  to such  holder a due bill or other
appropriate instrument evidencing such holder's right to receive such additional
shares upon the occurrence of the event requiring such adjustment.

               (m) Anything in this Section 11 to the contrary  notwithstanding,
the Company shall be entitled to make such adjustments in the Purchase Price, in
addition to those adjustments  expressly  required by this Section 11, as and to
the extent that it in its sole  discretion  shall  determine  to be advisable in
order that any consolidation or subdivision of the

                                       18
<PAGE>
Preferred  Stock,  issuance  wholly for cash of any shares of Preferred Stock at
less than the current market price,  issuance wholly for cash of Preferred Stock
or securities  which by their terms are  convertible  into or  exchangeable  for
Preferred  Stock,  dividends on Preferred  Stock  payable in shares of Preferred
Stock or issuance  of rights,  options or warrants  referred to  hereinabove  in
Section 11(b),  hereafter made by the Company to holders of its Preferred  Stock
shall not be taxable to such stockholders.

               (n) Anything in this  Agreement to the contrary  notwithstanding,
in  the  event  that  at any  time  after  the  Record  Date  and  prior  to the
Distribution  Date,  the Company  shall (i) declare and pay any  dividend on the
Common Stock payable in Common Stock or (ii) effect a  subdivision,  combination
or consolidation of the Common Stock (by  reclassification  or otherwise than by
payment of a dividend  payable in Common  Stock) into a greater or lesser number
of  shares of Common  Stock,  then,  in each  such  case,  the  number of Rights
associated  with  each  share of Common  Stock  then  outstanding,  or issued or
delivered  thereafter,  shall be proportionately  adjusted so that the number of
Rights thereafter  associated with each share of Common Stock following any such
event  shall  equal the  result  obtained  by  multiplying  the number of Rights
associated with each share of Common Stock  immediately prior to such event by a
fraction  the  numerator  of which shall be the total number of shares of Common
Stock  outstanding  immediately  prior to the  occurrence  of the  event and the
denominator  of which  shall be the total  number  of  shares  of  Common  Stock
outstanding immediately following the occurrence of such event.

               (o)  The  Company   agrees   that,   after  the  earlier  of  the
Distribution  Date or the  Stock  Acquisition  Date,  it  will  not,  except  as
permitted by Sections  23, 24 or 27 hereof,  take (or permit any  Subsidiary  to
take)  any  action  if at  the  time  such  action  is  taken  it is  reasonably
foreseeable  that such action  will  diminish  substantially  or  eliminate  the
benefits intended to be afforded by the Rights.

               Section 12.  CERTIFICATE OF ADJUSTED  PURCHASE PRICE OR NUMBER OF
SHARES.  Whenever an  adjustment is made as provided in Section 11 or 13 hereof,
the  Company  shall  promptly  (a)  prepare a  certificate  setting  forth  such
adjustment,  and a brief statement of the facts  accounting for such adjustment,
(b) file with the Rights Agent and with each transfer agent for the Common Stock
and the Preferred Stock a copy of such  certificate and (c) mail a brief summary
thereof to each holder of a Right  Certificate  in  accordance  with  Section 25
hereof (if so required under Section 25 hereof). The Rights Agent shall be fully
protected  in  relying on any such  certificate  and on any  adjustment  therein
contained  and  shall not be deemed  to have  knowledge  of any such  adjustment
unless and until it shall have received such certificate.

               Section 13.  CONSOLIDATION,  MERGER OR SALE OR TRANSFER OF ASSETS
OR EARNING POWER.

               (a) In the event,  directly or indirectly,  at any time after the
Flip-In  Event (i) the Company  shall  consolidate  with or shall merge into any
other  Person,  (ii) any Person  shall  merge with and into the  Company and the
Company shall be the continuing or surviving  corporation of such merger and, in
connection with such merger, all or part of the Common

                                       19
<PAGE>
Stock shall be changed into or exchanged  for stock or other  securities  of any
other  Person (or of the  Company) or cash or any other  property,  or (iii) the
Company  shall sell or otherwise  transfer  (or one or more of its  Subsidiaries
shall  sell or  otherwise  transfer),  in one or more  transactions,  assets  or
earning  power  aggregating  50% or more of the assets or  earning  power of the
Company and its Subsidiaries  (taken as a whole) to any other Person (other than
the Company or one or more wholly-owned  Subsidiaries of the Company), then upon
the first occurrence of such event,  proper provision shall be made so that: (A)
each holder of a Right  (other than  Rights  which have become void  pursuant to
Section 11(a)(ii)  hereof) shall thereafter have the right to receive,  upon the
exercise  thereof at the Purchase Price (as  theretofore  adjusted in accordance
with Section 11(a)(ii)  hereof),  in accordance with the terms of this Agreement
and in lieu of shares of Preferred  Stock or Common  Stock of the Company,  such
number of validly authorized and issued,  fully paid,  non-assessable and freely
tradeable  shares  of  Common  Stock of the  Principal  Party  (as such  term is
hereinafter defined),  not subject to any liens,  encumbrances,  rights of first
refusal or other adverse claims,  as shall equal the result obtained by dividing
the Purchase Price (as theretofore adjusted in accordance with Section 11(a)(ii)
hereof) by 50% of the current per share market price of the Common Stock of such
Principal  Party  (determined  pursuant to Section  11(d) hereof) on the date of
consummation of such consolidation, merger, sale or transfer; provided, however,
that the Purchase  Price (as  theretofore  adjusted in  accordance  with Section
11(a)(ii)  hereof)  and the number of shares of Common  Stock of such  Principal
Party so  receivable  upon  exercise  of a Right  shall be  subject  to  further
adjustment as appropriate in accordance with Section 11(f) hereof to reflect any
events  occurring in respect of the Common Stock of such  Principal  Party after
the  occurrence  of such  consolidation,  merger,  sale or  transfer;  (B)  such
Principal Party shall  thereafter be liable for, and shall assume,  by virtue of
such consolidation,  merger, sale or transfer, all the obligations and duties of
the Company pursuant to this Agreement;  (C) the term "Company" shall thereafter
be deemed to refer to such Principal  Party;  and (D) such Principal Party shall
take such steps (including,  but not limited to, the reservation of a sufficient
number of its shares of Common  Stock in  accordance  with  Section 9 hereof) in
connection with such consummation of any such transaction as may be necessary to
assure that the provisions  hereof shall thereafter be applicable,  as nearly as
reasonably  may be, in  relation  to the shares of its Common  Stock  thereafter
deliverable upon the exercise of the Rights;  provided that, upon the subsequent
occurrence  of any  consolidation,  merger,  sale or transfer of assets or other
extraordinary  transaction in respect of such Principal Party,  each holder of a
Right shall  thereupon  be entitled  to  receive,  upon  exercise of a Right and
payment of the  Purchase  Price as provided in this  Section  13(a),  such cash,
shares,  rights,  warrants and other  property which such holder would have been
entitled to receive had such holder, at the time of such transaction,  owned the
Common  Stock of the  Principal  Party  receivable  upon the exercise of a Right
pursuant to this Section 13(a),  and such Principal  Party shall take such steps
(including,  but not  limited  to,  reservation  of  shares  of stock) as may be
necessary to permit the subsequent exercise of the Rights in accordance with the
terms hereof for such cash, shares, rights, warrants and other property.

               (b) "Principal Party" shall mean:

                    (i) in the case of any transaction  described in (i) or (ii)
of the first sentence of Section 13(a) hereof: (A) the Person that is the issuer
of the securities into which

                                       20
<PAGE>
the shares of Common Stock are converted in such merger or consolidation, or, if
there is more than one such  issuer,  the issuer  the shares of Common  Stock of
which have the greatest aggregate market value of shares outstanding,  or (B) if
no  securities  are so  issued,  (x) the Person  that is the other  party to the
merger, if such Person survives said merger,  or, if there is more than one such
Person,  the  Person  the  shares of  Common  Stock of which  have the  greatest
aggregate  market value of shares  outstanding  or (y) if the Person that is the
other party to the merger  does not  survive  the  merger,  the Person that does
survive  the merger  (including  the Company if it  survives)  or (z) the Person
resulting from the consolidation; and

                    (ii) in the case of any  transaction  described  in (iii) of
the first  sentence  of  Section  13(a)  hereof,  the  Person  that is the party
receiving  the  greatest  portion  of the assets or  earning  power  transferred
pursuant to such transaction or transactions, or, if each Person that is a party
to such  transaction or transactions  receives the same portion of the assets or
earning power so transferred or if the Person  receiving the greatest portion of
the assets or earning power cannot be  determined,  whichever of such Persons is
the issuer of Common Stock having the greatest  aggregate market value of shares
outstanding;

provided,  however,  that in any such case  described  in the  foregoing  clause
(b)(i) or (b)(ii), if the Common Stock of such Person is not at such time or has
not been  continuously  over the  preceding  12-month  period  registered  under
Section 12 of the Exchange  Act, then (1) if such Person is a direct or indirect
Subsidiary  of  another  Person  the  Common  Stock  of which is and has been so
registered,  the term "Principal Party" shall refer to such other Person, or (2)
if such Person is a Subsidiary, directly or indirectly, of more than one Person,
the  Common  Stock  of all of  which  is and has  been so  registered,  the term
"Principal  Party"  shall refer to  whichever  of such  Persons is the issuer of
Common Stock having the greatest  aggregate market value of shares  outstanding,
or (3) if such  Person is owned,  directly  or  indirectly,  by a joint  venture
formed by two or more Persons that are not owned, directly or indirectly, by the
same  Person,  the rules set forth in clauses  (1) and (2) above  shall apply to
each of the owners  having an interest in the venture as if the Person  owned by
the joint venture was a Subsidiary of both or all of such joint  venturers,  and
the Principal  Party in each such case shall bear the  obligations  set forth in
this  Section 13 in the same ratio as its  interest in such Person  bears to the
total of such interests.

               (c) The Company shall not consummate any  consolidation,  merger,
sale or transfer  referred to in Section  13(a) hereof  unless prior thereto the
Company  and the  Principal  Party  involved  therein  shall have  executed  and
delivered to the Rights Agent an agreement  confirming that the  requirements of
Sections  13(a) and (b) hereof shall  promptly be performed in  accordance  with
their  terms and that such  consolidation,  merger,  sale or  transfer of assets
shall not result in a default by the Principal Party under this Agreement as the
same shall have been assumed by the Principal  Party  pursuant to Sections 13(a)
and (b) hereof and providing  that, as soon as practicable  after executing such
agreement pursuant to this Section 13, the Principal Party will:

                    (i)  prepare  and file a  registration  statement  under the
Securities  Act, if  necessary,  with  respect to the Rights and the  securities
purchasable  upon exercise of the Rights on an  appropriate  form,  use its best
efforts to cause such registration statement to

                                       21
<PAGE>
become  effective  as soon as  practicable  after  such  filing and use its best
efforts  to cause  such  registration  statement  to  remain  effective  (with a
prospectus at all times meeting the  requirements  of the Securities  Act) until
the Expiration Date and similarly comply with applicable state securities laws;

                    (ii)  use its  best  efforts,  if the  Common  Stock  of the
Principal  Party  shall be listed or  admitted  to trading on the New York Stock
Exchange or on another national securities exchange, to list or admit to trading
(or  continue  the listing of) the Rights and the  securities  purchasable  upon
exercise  of the  Rights  on the New  York  Stock  Exchange  or such  securities
exchange,  or, if the Common Stock of the Principal Party shall not be listed or
admitted  to  trading on the New York Stock  Exchange  or a national  securities
exchange, to cause the Rights and the securities receivable upon exercise of the
Rights to be authorized  for quotation on NASDAQ or on such other system then in
use;

                    (iii) deliver to holders of the Rights historical  financial
statements  for the  Principal  Party  which  comply  in all  respects  with the
requirements  for  registration  on Form 10 (or any  successor  form)  under the
Exchange Act; and

                    (iv)  obtain  waivers  of any  rights  of first  refusal  or
preemptive  rights in respect of the Common Stock of the Principal Party subject
to purchase upon exercise of outstanding Rights.

               (d) In case  the  Principal  Party  has  provision  in any of its
authorized  securities or in its  certificate  or articles of  incorporation  or
by-laws or other  instrument  governing its affairs,  which provision would have
the effect of (i) causing such  Principal  Party to issue (other than to holders
of Rights pursuant to this Section 13), in connection  with, or as a consequence
of, the consummation of a transaction  referred to in this Section 13, shares of
Common Stock or Common Stock  Equivalents of such  Principal  Party at less than
the then current market price per share thereof (determined  pursuant to Section
11(d) hereof) or securities  exercisable for, or convertible  into, Common Stock
or  Common  Stock  Equivalents  of such  Principal  Party at less than such then
current market price, or (ii) providing for any special payment,  tax or similar
provision in connection  with the issuance of the Common Stock of such Principal
Party pursuant to the provisions of Section 13, then, in such event, the Company
hereby agrees with each holder of Rights that it shall not  consummate  any such
transaction unless prior thereto the Company and such Principal Party shall have
executed and delivered to the Rights Agent a  supplemental  agreement  providing
that the provision in question of such Principal Party shall have been canceled,
waived or amended, or that the authorized  securities shall be redeemed, so that
the  applicable  provision  will  have no  effect in  connection  with,  or as a
consequence of, the consummation of the proposed transaction.

               (e) The  Company  covenants  and agrees that it shall not, at any
time after the Flip-In Event,  enter into any  transaction of the type described
in clauses (i) through  (iii) of Section  13(a)  hereof if (i) at the time of or
immediately  after  such   consolidation,   merger,   sale,  transfer  or  other
transaction  there are any rights,  warrants or other  instruments or securities
outstanding  or  agreements  in effect  which  would  substantially  diminish or
otherwise  eliminate  the benefits  intended to be afforded by the Rights,  (ii)
prior to, simultaneously with or

                                       22
<PAGE>
immediately  after  such   consolidation,   merger,   sale,  transfer  or  other
transaction,   the  stockholders  of  the  Person  who  constitutes,   or  would
constitute,  the Principal Party for purposes of Section 13(b) hereof shall have
received a distribution of Rights  previously owned by such Person or any of its
Affiliates  or  Associates  or (iii) the form or nature of  organization  of the
Principal Party would preclude or limit the exercisability of the Rights.

               Section 14.  FRACTIONAL RIGHTS AND FRACTIONAL SHARES.

               (a) The  Company  shall not be  required  to issue  fractions  of
Rights or to distribute  Right  Certificates  which evidence  fractional  Rights
(except prior to the Distribution Date in accordance with Section 11(n) hereof).
In lieu of such fractional Rights, there shall be paid to the registered holders
of the Right  Certificates  with regard to which such  fractional  Rights  would
otherwise  be  issuable,  an amount in cash  equal to the same  fraction  of the
current  market value of a whole Right.  For the purposes of this Section 14(a),
the current  market  value of a whole  Right  shall be the closing  price of the
Rights  for  the  Trading  Day  immediately  prior  to the  date on  which  such
fractional Rights would have been otherwise issuable.  The closing price for any
day shall be the last sale price,  regular  way,  or, in case no such sale takes
place on such day, the average of the closing bid and asked prices, regular way,
in either case as reported in the principal  consolidated  transaction reporting
system with respect to securities  listed or admitted to trading on the New York
Stock  Exchange  or, if the Rights are not listed or  admitted to trading on the
New York Stock Exchange, as reported in the principal  consolidated  transaction
reporting  system with respect to securities  listed on the  principal  national
securities exchange on which the Rights are listed or admitted to trading or, if
the Rights  are not listed or  admitted  to trading on any  national  securities
exchange,  the last quoted  price or, if not so quoted,  the average of the high
bid and low asked prices in the  over-the-counter  market, as reported by NASDAQ
or such  other  system  then in use or, if on any such date the  Rights  are not
quoted by any such organization, the average of the closing bid and asked prices
as  furnished  by a  professional  market  maker  making a market in the  Rights
selected by the Board of Directors  of the Company.  If on any such date no such
market  maker is making a market in the Rights,  the fair value of the Rights on
such date as  determined  in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company
shall be used.

               (b) The  Company  shall not be  required  to issue  fractions  of
Preferred  Stock  (other than  fractions  which are  integral  multiples  of one
one-hundredth of a share of Preferred Stock) or to distribute certificates which
evidence  fractional  shares of Preferred  Stock (other than fractions which are
integral  multiples of one one-hundredth of a share of Preferred Stock) upon the
exercise or exchange of Rights.  Interests in  fractions  of Preferred  Stock in
integral  multiples of one  one-hundredth  of a share of Preferred Stock may, at
the election of the Company, be evidenced by depositary receipts, pursuant to an
appropriate  agreement  between  the Company  and a  depositary  selected by it;
PROVIDED,  that such agreement shall provide that the holders of such depositary
receipts shall have all the rights, privileges and preferences to which they are
entitled  as  beneficial  owners  of the  Preferred  Stock  represented  by such
depositary  receipts.  In lieu of fractional  shares of Preferred Stock that are
not integral  multiples of one  one-hundredth of a share of Preferred Stock, the
Company shall pay to the registered  holders of Right  Certificates  at the time
such Rights are  exercised  or  exchanged  as herein  provided an amount in cash
equal to the same fraction of the current market value of

                                       23
<PAGE>
a whole share of Preferred Stock (as determined in accordance with Section 14(a)
hereof) for the Trading Day  immediately  prior to the date of such  exercise or
exchange.

               (c) The  Company  shall not be  required  to issue  fractions  of
shares of Common Stock or to distribute  certificates which evidence  fractional
shares of Common Stock upon the exercise or exchange of Rights.  In lieu of such
fractional  shares of Common  Stock,  the  Company  shall pay to the  registered
holders of the Right Certificates with regard to which such fractional shares of
Common  Stock  would  otherwise  be issuable an amount in cash equal to the same
fraction  of the  current  market  value of a whole  share of  Common  Stock (as
determined  in  accordance  with  Section  14(a)  hereof)  for the  Trading  Day
immediately prior to the date of such exercise or exchange.

               (d)  The  holder  of a  Right  by the  acceptance  of  the  Right
expressly  waives his right to receive any  fractional  Rights or any fractional
shares upon exercise or exchange of a Right (except as provided above).

               Section 15. RIGHTS OF ACTION.  All rights of action in respect of
this  Agreement,  excepting the rights of action given to the Rights Agent under
Section 18 hereof, are vested in the respective  registered holders of the Right
Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, the registered holders of the
Common Stock);  and any registered holder of any Right Certificate (or, prior to
the Distribution  Date, of the Common Stock),  without the consent of the Rights
Agent  or of the  holder  of any  other  Right  Certificate  (or,  prior  to the
Distribution  Date,  of the  Common  Stock),  on his own  behalf and for his own
benefit,  may  enforce,  and may  institute  and  maintain  any suit,  action or
proceeding  against the Company to enforce,  or otherwise act in respect of, his
right to exercise the Rights  evidenced by such Right  Certificate (or, prior to
the Distribution  Date, such Common Stock) in the manner provided therein and in
this Agreement.  Without limiting the foregoing or any remedies available to the
holders of Rights,  it is specifically  acknowledged  that the holders of Rights
would not have an adequate  remedy at law for any breach of this  Agreement  and
will  be  entitled  to  specific  performance  of  the  obligations  under,  and
injunctive relief against actual or threatened violations of, the obligations of
any Person subject to this Agreement.

               Section 16. AGREEMENT OF RIGHT HOLDERS.  Every holder of a Right,
by accepting the same, consents and agrees with the Company and the Rights Agent
and with every other holder of a Right that:

               (a)  prior  to  the   Distribution   Date,  the  Rights  will  be
transferable only in connection with the transfer of the Common Stock;

               (b) after the  Distribution  Date,  the  Right  Certificates  are
transferable  only on the registry  books of the Rights Agent if  surrendered at
the office or agency of the  Rights  Agent  designated  for such  purpose,  duly
endorsed or accompanied by a proper instrument of transfer; and

               (c) the  Company  and the  Rights  Agent  may deem and  treat the
Person in whose name the Right Certificate (or, prior to the Distribution  Date,
the Common Stock

                                       24
<PAGE>
certificate)  is  registered  as the  absolute  owner  thereof and of the Rights
evidenced thereby  (notwithstanding any notations of ownership or writing on the
Right Certificates or the Common Stock certificate made by anyone other than the
Company or the Rights  Agent)  for all  purposes  whatsoever,  and  neither  the
Company nor the Rights Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.

               Section 17. RIGHT CERTIFICATE HOLDER NOT DEEMED A STOCKHOLDER. No
holder,  as such, of any Right  Certificate  shall be entitled to vote,  receive
dividends or be deemed for any purpose the holder of the Preferred  Stock or any
other  securities  of the  Company  which  may at any  time be  issuable  on the
exercise or  exchange  of the Rights  represented  thereby,  nor shall  anything
contained  herein or in any Right  Certificate  be  construed to confer upon the
holder of any Right Certificate,  as such, any of the rights of a stockholder of
the  Company  or any right to vote for the  election  of  directors  or upon any
matter submitted to stockholders at any meeting thereof,  or to give or withhold
consent to any  corporate  action,  or to receive  notice of  meetings  or other
actions  affecting  stockholders  (except as provided in this Agreement),  or to
receive  dividends  or  subscription  rights,  or  otherwise,  until the  Rights
evidenced by such Right  Certificate  shall have been  exercised or exchanged in
accordance with the provisions hereof.

               Section 18. CONCERNING THE RIGHTS AGENT.

               (a) The  Company  agrees to pay to the  Rights  Agent  reasonable
compensation  for all services  rendered by it hereunder and, from time to time,
on demand of the Rights  Agent,  its  reasonable  expenses  and counsel fees and
other  disbursements  incurred  in the  administration  and  execution  of  this
Agreement and the exercise and performance of its duties hereunder.  The Company
also agrees to indemnify the Rights Agent for, and to hold it harmless  against,
any loss, liability or expense, incurred without gross negligence,  bad faith or
willful misconduct on the part of the Rights Agent, for anything done or omitted
by the Rights Agent in connection with the acceptance and administration of this
Agreement,  including  the costs and expenses of defending  against any claim of
liability arising therefrom, directly or indirectly.

               (b) The  Rights  Agent  shall be  protected  and  shall  incur no
liability  for, or in respect of any action taken,  suffered or omitted by it in
connection with, its administration of this Agreement in reliance upon any Right
Certificate or certificate  for the Preferred Stock or Common Stock or for other
securities  of the Company,  instrument  of  assignment  or  transfer,  power of
attorney,   endorsement,   affidavit,   letter,  notice,   direction,   consent,
certificate,  statement or other paper or document  believed by it to be genuine
and to be signed,  executed and, where necessary,  verified or acknowledged,  by
the proper  Person or Persons,  or  otherwise  upon the advice of counsel as set
forth in Section 20 hereof.

               Section 19. MERGER OR  CONSOLIDATION  OR CHANGE OF NAME OF RIGHTS
AGENT.

               (a) Any corporation  into which the Rights Agent or any successor
Rights  Agent  may be  merged  or  with  which  it may be  consolidated,  or any
corporation resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the Rights Agent
or any successor Rights Agent shall

                                       25
<PAGE>
be a party,  or any  corporation  succeeding to the stock  transfer or corporate
trust powers of the Rights Agent or any  successor  Rights  Agent,  shall be the
successor  to the Rights  Agent under this  Agreement  without the  execution or
filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto;
provided, that such corporation would be eligible for appointment as a successor
Rights Agent under the provisions of Section 21 hereof. In case at the time such
successor  Rights Agent shall succeed to the agency  created by this  Agreement,
any of the Right  Certificates  shall have been countersigned but not delivered,
any  such  successor  Rights  Agent  may  adopt  the   countersignature  of  the
predecessor  Rights Agent and deliver such Right  Certificates so countersigned;
and in case at that  time any of the  Right  Certificates  shall  not have  been
countersigned,   any  successor   Rights  Agent  may   countersign   such  Right
Certificates  either in the name of the predecessor  Rights Agent or in the name
of the  successor  Rights Agent;  and in all such cases such Right  Certificates
shall  have  the full  force  provided  in the  Right  Certificates  and in this
Agreement.

               (b) In case at any  time the name of the  Rights  Agent  shall be
changed  and at  such  time  any of  the  Right  Certificates  shall  have  been
countersigned but not delivered, the Rights Agent may adopt the countersignature
under its prior name and deliver Right  Certificates  so  countersigned;  and in
case  at  that  time  any  of  the  Right   Certificates  shall  not  have  been
countersigned,  the Rights Agent may countersign such Right Certificates  either
in its  prior  name or in its  changed  name and in all such  cases  such  Right
Certificates shall have the full force provided in the Right Certificates and in
this Agreement.

               Section 20. DUTIES OF RIGHTS AGENT.  The Rights Agent  undertakes
the duties and  obligations  imposed by this Agreement upon the following  terms
and  conditions,  by  all  of  which  the  Company  and  the  holders  of  Right
Certificates, by their acceptance thereof, shall be bound:

               (a) The Rights Agent may consult  with legal  counsel (who may be
legal  counsel for the  Company),  and the opinion of such counsel shall be full
and complete  authorization  and protection to the Rights Agent as to any action
taken or omitted by it in good faith and in accordance with such opinion.

               (b)  Whenever  in  the  performance  of  its  duties  under  this
Agreement the Rights Agent shall deem it necessary or desirable that any fact or
matter be proved or  established by the Company prior to taking or suffering any
action hereunder,  such fact or matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof
be herein  specifically  prescribed) may be deemed to be conclusively proved and
established  by a  certificate  signed by the President and the Secretary of the
Company and delivered to the Rights Agent;  and such  certificate  shall be full
authorization to the Rights Agent for any action taken or suffered in good faith
by it under the provisions of this Agreement in reliance upon such certificate.

               (c) The Rights Agent shall be liable hereunder to the Company and
any  other  Person  only for its own  gross  negligence,  bad  faith or  willful
misconduct.

               (d) The Rights  Agent shall not be liable for or by reason of any
of the  statements  of fact or recitals  contained  in this  Agreement or in the
Right Certificates (except

                                       26
<PAGE>
its  countersignature  thereof) or be required to verify the same,  but all such
statements and recitals are and shall be deemed to have been made by the Company
only.

               (e) The Rights  Agent  shall not be under any  responsibility  in
respect of the validity of this  Agreement or the execution and delivery  hereof
(except  the due  execution  hereof by the  Rights  Agent) or in  respect of the
validity or  execution  of any Right  Certificate  (except its  countersignature
thereof);  nor shall it be  responsible  for any  breach by the  Company  of any
covenant or condition  contained in this Agreement or in any Right  Certificate;
nor shall it be responsible for any change in the  exercisability  of the Rights
(including the Rights becoming void pursuant to Section 11(a)(ii) hereof) or any
adjustment in the terms of the Rights provided for in Sections 3, 11, 13, 23 and
24, or the  ascertaining  of the  existence of facts that would require any such
change or adjustment (except with respect to the exercise of Rights evidenced by
Right Certificates after receipt of a certificate  furnished pursuant to Section
12, describing such change or adjustment);  nor shall it by any act hereunder be
deemed  to make  any  representation  or  warranty  as to the  authorization  or
reservation  of any shares of Preferred  Stock or other  securities to be issued
pursuant to this Agreement or any Right  Certificate or as to whether any shares
of Preferred Stock or other securities will, when issued, be validly  authorized
and issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

               (f) The Company agrees that it will perform, execute, acknowledge
and deliver or cause to be performed,  executed,  acknowledged and delivered all
such further and other acts,  instruments  and  assurances as may  reasonably be
required by the Rights Agent for the carrying  out or  performing  by the Rights
Agent of the provisions of this Agreement.

               (g) The Rights Agent is hereby  authorized and directed to accept
instructions  with respect to the  performance of its duties  hereunder from any
person reasonably believed by the Rights Agent to be one of the President or the
Secretary  of the  Company,  and  to  apply  to  such  officers  for  advice  or
instructions in connection  with its duties,  and it shall not be liable for any
action taken or suffered by it in good faith in accordance with  instructions of
any  such  officer  or  for  any  delay  in  acting  while   waiting  for  those
instructions.  Any application by the Rights Agent for written instructions from
the  Company  may, at the option of the Rights  Agent,  set forth in writing any
action  proposed to be taken or omitted by the Rights Agent under this Agreement
and the date on and/or after which such action  shall be taken or such  omission
shall be  effective.  The Rights  Agent shall not be liable for any action taken
by, or omission of, the Rights Agent in accordance  with a proposal  included in
any such application on or after the date specified in such  application  (which
date shall not be less than five Business Days after the date any officer of the
Company actually  receives such  application  unless any such officer shall have
consented in writing to an earlier date) unless, prior to taking any such action
(or the effective date in the case of an omission),  the Rights Agent shall have
received  written  instructions in response to such  application  specifying the
action to be taken or omitted.

               (h) The Rights Agent and any  stockholder,  director,  officer or
employee of the Rights Agent may buy, sell or deal in any of the Rights or other
securities of the Company or become pecuniarily interested in any transaction in
which the  Company  may be  interested,  or  contract  with or lend money to the
Company or otherwise act as fully and freely as though it

                                       27
<PAGE>
were not Rights Agent under this  Agreement.  Nothing  herein shall preclude the
Rights Agent from acting in any other  capacity for the Company or for any other
legal entity.

               (i) The Rights  Agent may execute and  exercise any of the rights
or powers hereby vested in it or perform any duty hereunder  either itself or by
or through its attorneys or agents, and the Rights Agent shall not be answerable
or accountable for any act, default, neglect or misconduct of any such attorneys
or agents or for any loss to the Company  resulting from any such act,  default,
neglect or misconduct,  provided  reasonable care was exercised in the selection
and continued employment thereof.

               (j) If, with respect to any Rights Certificate surrendered to the
Rights Agent for exercise or transfer,  the certificate contained in the form of
assignment or the form of election to purchase set forth on the reverse thereof,
as the case may be,  has not been  completed  to  certify  the  holder is not an
Acquiring Person (or an Affiliate or Associate thereof),  the Rights Agent shall
not take any further action with respect to such requested  exercise or transfer
without first consulting with the Company.

               Section  21.  CHANGE OF RIGHTS  AGENT.  The  Rights  Agent or any
successor  Rights Agent may resign and be discharged  from its duties under this
Agreement  upon 30 days'  notice in writing  mailed to the  Company  and to each
transfer agent of the Common Stock or Preferred Stock by registered or certified
mail,  and,  following  the  Distribution  Date,  to the  holders  of the  Right
Certificates by first-class mail. The Company may remove the Rights Agent or any
successor  Rights  Agent upon 30 days'  notice in writing,  mailed to the Rights
Agent or successor  Rights Agent, as the case may be, and to each transfer agent
of the Common Stock or Preferred  Stock by  registered or certified  mail,  and,
following the  Distribution  Date, to the holders of the Right  Certificates  by
first-class  mail.  If the  Rights  Agent  shall  resign or be  removed or shall
otherwise become  incapable of acting,  the Company shall appoint a successor to
the Rights Agent.  If the Company shall fail to make such  appointment  within a
period  of 30 days  after  giving  notice of such  removal  or after it has been
notified  in writing of such  resignation  or  incapacity  by the  resigning  or
incapacitated  Rights Agent or by the holder of a Right  Certificate (who shall,
with such notice,  submit his Right  Certificate for inspection by the Company),
then the registered  holder of any Right  Certificate  may apply to any court of
competent  jurisdiction for the appointment of a new Rights Agent. Any successor
Rights Agent or its agents, whether appointed by the Company or by such a court,
shall be a corporation  or bank  organized and doing  business under the laws of
the United  States or the laws of any state of the United States or the District
of Columbia,  in good standing,  having an office in the State of Arizona or the
State of New York,  which is  authorized  under such laws to exercise  corporate
trust or stock  transfer  powers and is subject to supervision or examination by
federal  or state  authority  and  which has at the time of its  appointment  as
Rights  Agent a combined  capital  and  surplus of at least $50  million.  After
appointment,  the  successor  Rights Agent shall be vested with the same powers,
rights, duties and responsibilities as if it had been originally named as Rights
Agent  without  further  act or deed;  but the  predecessor  Rights  Agent shall
deliver and transfer to the successor Rights Agent any property at the time held
by it hereunder, and execute and deliver any further assurance,  conveyance, act
or deed necessary for the purpose. Not later than the effective date of any such
appointment   the  Company  shall  file  notice  thereof  in  writing  with  the
predecessor

                                       28
<PAGE>
Rights Agent and each  transfer  agent of the Common  Stock or Preferred  Stock,
and,  following the  Distribution  Date, mail a notice thereof in writing to the
registered  holders  of the  Right  Certificates.  Failure  to give  any  notice
provided  for in this  Section 21,  however,  or any defect  therein,  shall not
affect the  legality  or validity  of the  resignation  or removal of the Rights
Agent or the appointment of the successor Rights Agent, as the case may be.

               Section 22. ISSUANCE OF NEW RIGHT  CERTIFICATES.  Notwithstanding
any of the  provisions of this  Agreement or of the Rights to the contrary,  the
Company may, at its option,  issue new Right  Certificates  evidencing Rights in
such  forms  as may be  approved  by its  Board  of  Directors  to  reflect  any
adjustment  or change in the  Purchase  Price and the number or kind or class of
shares or other securities or property  purchasable under the Right Certificates
made in  accordance  with the  provisions  of this  Agreement.  In addition,  in
connection with the issuance or sale of Common Stock following the  Distribution
Date and prior to the Expiration Date, the Company may with respect to shares of
Common Stock so issued or sold  pursuant to (i) the  exercise of stock  options,
(ii) under any employee plan or arrangement, (iii) upon the exercise, conversion
or exchange of securities,  notes or debentures  issued by the Company or (iv) a
contractual  obligation  of the  Company,  in each  case  existing  prior to the
Distribution Date, issue Rights Certificates representing the appropriate number
of Rights in connection with such issuance or sale.

               Section 23. REDEMPTION.

               (a) The Board of  Directors of the Company may, at any time prior
to the  Flip-In  Event,  redeem  all but not less than all the then  outstanding
Rights  at a  redemption  price of $.01 per  Right,  appropriately  adjusted  to
reflect any stock  split,  stock  dividend or similar  transaction  occurring in
respect of the Common  Stock after the date hereof (the  redemption  price being
hereinafter referred to as the "Redemption Price"). The redemption of the Rights
may be made  effective at such time,  on such basis and with such  conditions as
the Board of Directors in its sole  discretion  may  establish.  The  Redemption
Price shall be payable,  at the option of the Company, in cash, shares of Common
Stock,  or such  other form of  consideration  as the Board of  Directors  shall
determine.

               (b)  Immediately  upon  the  action  of the  Board  of  Directors
ordering the redemption of the Rights  pursuant to paragraph (a) of this Section
23 (or at such  later  time as the  Board of  Directors  may  establish  for the
effectiveness  of such  redemption),  and without any further action and without
any notice,  the right to exercise the Rights will  terminate and the only right
thereafter  of the holders of Rights shall be to receive the  Redemption  Price.
The Company shall promptly give public notice of any such redemption;  provided,
however,  that the failure to give,  or any defect in, any such notice shall not
affect the validity of such redemption.  Within 10 days after such action of the
Board of Directors  ordering the redemption of the Rights (or such later time as
the Board of Directors may establish for the  effectiveness of such redemption),
the  Company  shall mail a notice of  redemption  to all the holders of the then
outstanding  Rights at their last  addresses  as they appear  upon the  registry
books of the Rights Agent or, prior to the  Distribution  Date,  on the registry
books of the transfer agent for the Common Stock.  Any notice which is mailed in
the manner  herein  provided  shall be deemed  given,  whether or not the holder
receives the notice. Each such

                                       29
<PAGE>
notice of  redemption  shall  state  the  method  by which  the  payment  of the
Redemption Price will be made.

               Section 24. EXCHANGE.

               (a) The Board of Directors of the Company may, at its option,  at
any time after the Flip-In Event,  exchange all or part of the then  outstanding
and  exercisable  Rights  (which shall not include  Rights that have become void
pursuant to the provisions of Section  11(a)(ii)  hereof) for Common Stock at an
exchange ratio of one share of Common Stock per Right, appropriately adjusted to
reflect any stock  split,  stock  dividend or similar  transaction  occurring in
respect of the Common  Stock after the Record Date (such  amount per Right being
hereinafter referred to as the "Exchange Ratio"). Notwithstanding the foregoing,
the Board of Directors  shall not be  empowered  to effect such  exchange at any
time after an Acquiring  Person shall have become the Beneficial Owner of shares
of Common  Stock  aggregating  50% or more of the  shares of Common  Stock  then
outstanding.  From and after the  occurrence  of an event  specified  in Section
13(a) hereof,  any Rights that theretofore  have not been exchanged  pursuant to
this Section 24(a) shall  thereafter  be  exercisable  only in  accordance  with
Section 13 and may not be exchanged pursuant to this Section 24(a). The exchange
of the Rights by the Board of Directors  may be made  effective at such time, on
such  basis  and with such  conditions  as the  Board of  Directors  in its sole
discretion may establish.

               (b) Immediately upon the effectiveness of the action of the Board
of  Directors of the Company  ordering  the  exchange of any Rights  pursuant to
paragraph (a) of this Section 24 and without any further  action and without any
notice,  the right to exercise  such Rights shall  terminate  and the only right
thereafter  of a holder of such Rights shall be to receive that number of shares
of  Common  Stock  equal  to the  number  of such  Rights  held  by such  holder
multiplied by the Exchange Ratio.  The Company shall promptly give public notice
of any such exchange; provided, however, that the failure to give, or any defect
in, such notice  shall not affect the  validity  of such  exchange.  The Company
shall  promptly  mail a notice of any such exchange to all of the holders of the
Rights so  exchanged  at their last  addresses  as they appear upon the registry
books of the  Rights  Agent.  Any notice  which is mailed in the  manner  herein
provided shall be deemed given,  whether or not the holder  receives the notice.
Each such notice of exchange  will state the method by which the exchange of the
shares of Common  Stock for Rights  will be  effected  and,  in the event of any
partial  exchange,  the number of Rights  which will be  exchanged.  Any partial
exchange  shall be effected  pro rata based on the number of Rights  (other than
Rights which have become void pursuant to the  provisions  of Section  11(a)(ii)
hereof) held by each holder of Rights.

               (c) The Company may at its option  substitute,  and, in the event
that  there  shall  not be  sufficient  shares of Common  Stock  issued  but not
outstanding  or  authorized  but  unissued  to permit an  exchange of Rights for
Common Stock as  contemplated  in  accordance  with this Section 24, the Company
shall substitute to the extent of such  insufficiency,  for each share of Common
Stock that would  otherwise be issuable  upon  exchange of a Right,  a number of
shares of Preferred Stock or fraction thereof (or Equivalent  Preferred  Shares,
as such term is defined in Section 11(b)) such that the current per share market
price  (determined  pursuant to Section  11(d) hereof) of one share of Preferred
Stock (or Equivalent Preferred Share)

                                       30
<PAGE>
multiplied  by such number or fraction is equal to the current per share  market
price of one share of Common Stock (determined pursuant to Section 11(d) hereof)
as of the date of such exchange.

               Section 25. NOTICE OF CERTAIN EVENTS.

               (a) In case the  Company  shall at any time after the  earlier of
the  Distribution  Date or the Stock  Acquisition  Date  propose  (i) to pay any
dividend  payable in stock of any class to the holders of its Preferred Stock or
to make any other distribution to the holders of its Preferred Stock (other than
a  regular  quarterly  cash  dividend),  (ii) to  offer  to the  holders  of its
Preferred  Stock  rights  or  warrants  to  subscribe  for  or to  purchase  any
additional  shares  of  Preferred  Stock or  shares of stock of any class or any
other securities, rights or options, (iii) to effect any reclassification of its
Preferred Stock (other than a reclassification involving only the subdivision or
combination of outstanding  Preferred  Stock),  (iv) to effect the  liquidation,
dissolution  or winding up of the  Company,  or (v) to pay any  dividend  on the
Common Stock payable in Common Stock or to effect a subdivision,  combination or
consolidation  of the Common Stock (by  reclassification  or  otherwise  than by
payment of  dividends in Common  Stock),  then,  in each such case,  the Company
shall give to each holder of a Right Certificate,  in accordance with Section 26
hereof,  a notice of such proposed  action,  which shall specify the record date
for the purposes of such stock dividend,  or distribution of rights or warrants,
or the date on which  such  liquidation,  dissolution  or  winding up is to take
place and the date of  participation  therein by the holders of the Common Stock
and/or  Preferred  Stock, if any such date is to be fixed, and such notice shall
be so given in the case of any  action  covered  by clause  (i) or (ii) above at
least 10 days prior to the record date for determining  holders of the Preferred
Stock for purposes of such action,  and in the case of any such other action, at
least 10 days  prior to the date of the  taking of such  proposed  action or the
date  of  participation  therein  by the  holders  of the  Common  Stock  and/or
Preferred Stock, whichever shall be the earlier.

               (b) In case any event  described in Section  11(a)(ii) or Section
13 shall occur then the Company shall as soon as practicable  thereafter give to
each holder of a Right  Certificate (or if occurring  prior to the  Distribution
Date, the holders of the Common Stock) in accordance  with Section 26 hereof,  a
notice of the  occurrence of such event,  which notice shall describe such event
and the consequences of such event to holders of Rights under Section  11(a)(ii)
and Section 13 hereof.

               Section  26.  NOTICES.  Notices  or  demands  authorized  by this
Agreement  to be given or made by the Rights Agent or by the holder of any Right
Certificate to or on the Company shall be sufficiently  given or made if sent by
first-class mail, postage prepaid,  addressed (until another address is filed in
writing with the Rights Agent) as follows:

                                       31
<PAGE>
                      Pinnacle West Capital Corporation
                      400 East Van Buren Street, Suite 700
                      Phoenix, Arizona 85004
                      Attention:  Secretary

Subject to the provisions of Section 21 hereof,  any notice or demand authorized
by this  Agreement  to be given or made by the  Company  or by the holder of any
Right Certificate to or on the Rights Agent shall be sufficiently  given or made
if sent by first-class mail,  postage prepaid,  addressed (until another address
is filed in writing with the Company) as follows:

                      BankBoston, N.A.
                      EquiServe Limited Partnership
                      150 Royall Street
                      Canton, MA  02021
                      Attention: Client Administration

Notices  or  demands  authorized  by this  Agreement  to be given or made by the
Company or the  Rights  Agent to the  holder of any Right  Certificate  shall be
sufficiently  given  or  made  if sent by  first-class  mail,  postage  prepaid,
addressed  to such holder at the address of such holder as shown on the registry
books of the Company.

               Section 27. SUPPLEMENTS AND AMENDMENTS. Except as provided in the
penultimate  sentence  of this  Section  27,  for so long as the Rights are then
redeemable,  the Company may in its sole and absolute discretion, and the Rights
Agent shall if the Company so directs, supplement or amend any provision of this
Agreement in any respect  without the approval of any holders of the Rights.  At
any time when the Rights are no longer  redeemable,  except as  provided  in the
penultimate  sentence of this  Section 27, the Company may, and the Rights Agent
shall, if the Company so directs, supplement or amend this Agreement without the
approval of any holders of Rights, provided that no such supplement or amendment
may (a)  adversely  affect the interests of the holders of Rights as such (other
than an Acquiring  Person or an Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring  Person),
(b) cause this Agreement again to become amendable other than in accordance with
this   sentence   or  (c)  cause  the   Rights   again  to  become   redeemable.
Notwithstanding  anything  contained  in  this  Agreement  to the  contrary,  no
supplement or amendment shall be made which changes the Redemption  Price.  Upon
the delivery of a certificate  from an appropriate  officer of the Company which
states that the proposed supplement or amendment is in compliance with the terms
of this Section 27, the Rights Agent shall execute such supplement or amendment,
provided that any  supplement or amendment  that does not amend Sections 18, 19,
20 or 21 hereof in a manner adverse to the Rights Agent,  shall become effective
immediately  upon execution by the Company,  whether or not also executed by the
Rights Agent.

               Section 28. SUCCESSORS.  All the covenants and provisions of this
Agreement  by or for the benefit of the  Company or the Rights  Agent shall bind
and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns hereunder.

                                       32
<PAGE>
               Section 29. BENEFITS OF THIS AGREEMENT. Nothing in this Agreement
shall be  construed  to give to any Person  other than the  Company,  the Rights
Agent and the registered  holders of the Right  Certificates  (and, prior to the
Distribution  Date,  the Common Stock) any legal or equitable  right,  remedy or
claim  under  this  Agreement;  but  this  Agreement  shall  be for the sole and
exclusive benefit of the Company, the Rights Agent and the registered holders of
the Right Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, the Common Stock).

               Section 30. DETERMINATIONS AND ACTIONS BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS.
The  Board of  Directors  of the  Company  shall  have the  exclusive  power and
authority to  administer  this  Agreement  and to exercise the rights and powers
specifically granted to the Board of Directors of the Company or to the Company,
or as may be necessary or advisable  in the  administration  of this  Agreement,
including,  without  limitation,  the  right  and  power  to (i)  interpret  the
provisions of this Agreement and (ii) make all  determinations  deemed necessary
or  advisable  for the  administration  of this  Agreement  (including,  without
limitation,  a determination  whether:  to exchange the  outstanding  Rights for
Common Stock  pursuant to Section 24; to redeem or not redeem the Rights;  or to
amend  or  not  amend  this   Agreement).   All  such   actions,   calculations,
interpretations and determinations (including, for purposes of clause (y) below,
all omissions with respect to the foregoing)  that are done or made by the Board
of Directors of the Company in good faith,  shall (x) be final,  conclusive  and
binding on the Company,  the Rights Agent,  the holders of the Rights,  as such,
and all  other  parties,  and (y) not  subject  the  Board of  Directors  to any
liability to the holders of the Rights.

               Section 31.  SEVERABILITY.  If any term,  provision,  covenant or
restriction  of this Agreement is held by a court of competent  jurisdiction  or
other  authority  to be invalid,  void or  unenforceable,  the  remainder of the
terms, provisions,  covenants and restrictions of this Agreement shall remain in
full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated.

               Section  32.   GOVERNING  LAW.  This  Agreement  and  each  Right
Certificate  issued  hereunder  shall be deemed to be a contract  made under the
laws of the State of  Arizona  and for all  purposes  shall be  governed  by and
construed in accordance  with the laws of such State  applicable to contracts to
be made and performed entirely within such State.

               Section 33.  COUNTERPARTS.  This Agreement may be executed in any
number of counterparts and each of such  counterparts  shall for all purposes be
deemed to be an original,  and all such counterparts  shall together  constitute
but one and the same instrument.

               Section 34.  DESCRIPTIVE  HEADINGS.  Descriptive  headings of the
several  Sections of this Agreement are inserted for convenience  only and shall
not  control or affect  the  meaning or  construction  of any of the  provisions
hereof.

                                       33
<PAGE>
               IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement
to be duly executed, all as of the day and year first above written.

                                         PINNACLE WEST CAPITAL CORPORATION



                                         By: George A. Schreiber, Jr.
                                            --------------------------------
                                         Name: George A. Schreiber, Jr.
                                              ------------------------------
                                         Title: President
                                               -----------------------------



                                         BANKBOSTON, N.A.,
                                         as Rights Agent



                                         By: Katherine Anderson
                                            --------------------------------
                                         Name: Katherine Anderson
                                              ------------------------------
                                         Title: Administration Manager
                                               -----------------------------



                                       34
<PAGE>
                                                                       EXHIBIT A
                                     FORM OF
                       AMENDED CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATION

                                       of

                     SERIES A PARTICIPATING PREFERRED STOCK

                                       of

                        PINNACLE WEST CAPITAL CORPORATION

            Pursuant to Section 10-602 of the General Corporation Law
                             of the State of Arizona

               PINNACLE WEST CAPITAL  CORPORATION,  a corporation  organized and
existing  under  the  General  Corporation  Law  of the  State  of  Arizona,  in
accordance with the provisions of Section 10-602 thereof, DOES HEREBY CERTIFY:

               That pursuant to the  authority  vested in the Board of Directors
in accordance with the provisions of the Articles of  Incorporation  of the said
Corporation, the said Board of Directors on March 17, 1999 adopted the following
resolution:

                       WHEREAS, pursuant to the authority vested in the Board of
               Directors of this  Corporation in accordance  with the provisions
               of the Articles of Incorporation,  a series of Preferred Stock of
               the Corporation  designated as "Series A Participating  Preferred
               Stock" was created by the filing of a Certificate  of Designation
               of  the  Corporation   therefor  with  the  Arizona   Corporation
               Commission on April 3, 1989; and

                       WHEREAS, no shares of Series A Participating Preferred
               Stock have been issued;

                       NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT AND IT HEREBY IS

                       RESOLVED,  that pursuant to the  authority  vested in the
               Board of Directors of this  Corporation  in  accordance  with the
               provisions of the Articles of Incorporation,  the designation and
               number of shares of Series A  Participating  Preferred  Stock and
               the  voting  and  other   powers,   preferences   and   relative,
               participating,  optional  or other  rights of the  shares of such
               series  and  the  qualifications,  limitations  and  restrictions
               thereof are amended to read in their entirety as follows:

                                       A-1
<PAGE>
                     SERIES A PARTICIPATING PREFERRED STOCK

               1.  DESIGNATION AND AMOUNT.  There shall be a series of Preferred
Stock that shall be designated as "Series A Participating  Preferred Stock," and
the number of shares constituting such series shall be 4,400,000. Such number of
shares may be increased or decreased by  resolution  of the Board of  Directors;
provided,  however, that no decrease shall reduce the number of shares of Series
A  Participating  Preferred  Stock to less than the number of shares then issued
and outstanding  plus the number of shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding
rights,  options or warrants or upon conversion of outstanding securities issued
by the Corporation.

               2. DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTION.

                       (A)  Subject  to the  prior  and  superior  rights of the
holders of any shares of any class or series of stock of the Corporation ranking
prior and superior to the shares of Series A Participating  Preferred Stock with
respect to dividends,  the holders of shares of Series A Participating Preferred
Stock, in preference to the holders of shares of any class or series of stock of
the Corporation ranking junior to the Series A Participating  Preferred Stock in
respect thereof,  shall be entitled to receive,  when, as and if declared by the
Board of Directors  out of funds legally  available  for the purpose,  quarterly
dividends  payable in cash on the first business day of March,  June,  September
and  December,  in each year  (each  such  date  being  referred  to herein as a
"Quarterly  Dividend Payment Date"),  commencing on the first Quarterly Dividend
Payment  Date  after the first  issuance  of a share or  fraction  of a share of
Series A Participating  Preferred  Stock, in an amount per share (rounded to the
nearest cent) equal to the greater of (a) $1.00 or (b) the Adjustment Number (as
defined below) times the aggregate per share amount of all cash  dividends,  and
the Adjustment  Number times the aggregate per share amount (payable in kind) of
all non-cash dividends or other  distributions  other than a dividend payable in
shares of Common  Stock or a  subdivision  of the  outstanding  shares of Common
Stock (by  reclassification or otherwise),  declared on the Common Stock, no par
value, of the Corporation  (the "Common Stock") since the immediately  preceding
Quarterly  Dividend  Payment  Date,  or,  with  respect  to the first  Quarterly
Dividend  Payment Date,  since the first  issuance of any share or fraction of a
share of Series A Participating  Preferred Stock. The "Adjustment  Number" shall
initially be 100. In the event the Corporation shall at any time after March 26,
1999 (i)  declare  and pay any  dividend  on Common  Stock  payable in shares of
Common Stock,  (ii) subdivide the outstanding  Common Stock or (iii) combine the
outstanding Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, then in each such case
the  Adjustment  Number  in  effect  immediately  prior to such  event  shall be
adjusted by multiplying  such  Adjustment  Number by a fraction the numerator of
which is the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such
event and the  denominator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock that
were outstanding immediately prior to such event.

                       (B)  The   Corporation   shall   declare  a  dividend  or
distribution  on the  Series A  Participating  Preferred  Stock as  provided  in
paragraph (A) above  immediately after it declares a dividend or distribution on
the Common Stock (other than a dividend payable in shares of Common Stock).

                                       A-2
<PAGE>
                       (C) Dividends  shall begin to accrue and be cumulative on
outstanding shares of Series A Participating  Preferred Stock from the Quarterly
Dividend  Payment Date next preceding the date of issue of such shares of Series
A  Participating  Preferred  Stock,  unless the date of issue of such  shares is
prior to the record date for the first Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, in which
case  dividends  on such shares  shall begin to accrue from the date of issue of
such shares, or unless the date of issue is a Quarterly Dividend Payment Date or
is a date after the record  date for the  determination  of holders of shares of
Series A Participating  Preferred Stock entitled to receive a quarterly dividend
and before such Quarterly  Dividend Payment Date, in either of which events such
dividends shall begin to accrue and be cumulative  from such Quarterly  Dividend
Payment Date.  Accrued but unpaid  dividends shall not bear interest.  Dividends
paid on the shares of Series A  Participating  Preferred Stock in an amount less
than the total amount of such  dividends at the time accrued and payable on such
shares  shall be  allocated  pro rata on a  share-by-share  basis among all such
shares at the time outstanding. The Board of Directors may fix a record date for
the determination of holders of shares of Series A Participating Preferred Stock
entitled to receive  payment of a dividend  or  distribution  declared  thereon,
which  record date shall be no more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for the
payment thereof.

               3. VOTING RIGHTS. The holders of shares of Series A Participating
Preferred Stock shall have the following voting rights:

                       (A) Each share of Series A Participating  Preferred Stock
shall  entitle the holder  thereof to a number of votes equal to the  Adjustment
Number  on  all  matters  submitted  to  a  vote  of  the  stockholders  of  the
Corporation.

                       (B) Except as  required  by law,  by Section  3(C) and by
Section 10 hereof, holders of Series A Participating  Preferred Stock shall have
no special voting rights and their consent shall not be required  (except to the
extent  they are  entitled  to vote with  holders  of Common  Stock as set forth
herein) for taking any corporate action.

                       (C) If, at the time of any annual meeting of stockholders
for the  election  of  directors,  the  equivalent  of six  quarterly  dividends
(whether  or not  consecutive)  payable  on any  share  or  shares  of  Series A
Participating   Preferred  Stock  are  in  default,   the  number  of  directors
constituting the Board of Directors of the Company shall be increased by two. In
addition to voting together with the holders of Common Stock for the election of
other  directors  of  the  Company,  the  holders  of  record  of the  Series  A
Participating  Preferred Stock, voting separately as a class to the exclusion of
the holders of Common Stock,  shall be entitled at said meeting of  stockholders
(and at each subsequent annual meeting of stockholders), unless all dividends in
arrears on the Series A Participating Preferred Stock have been paid or declared
and set  apart  for  payment  prior  thereto,  to vote for the  election  of two
directors of the Company,  the holders of any Series A  Participating  Preferred
Stock  being  entitled  to  cast a  number  of  votes  per  share  of  Series  A
Participating  Preferred  Stock as is specified in paragraph (A) of this Section
3. Until the default in payments of all dividends  which  permitted the election
of said directors  shall cease to exist,  if any director who shall have been so
elected  pursuant to the provisions of this Section 3(C) resigns,  is removed or
dies or such directorship otherwise becomes vacant, the holders of the shares of
Series A Participating

                                       A-3
<PAGE>
Preferred Stock may fill any such vacancy.  If and when such default shall cease
to exist,  the holders of the Series A  Participating  Preferred  Stock shall be
divested of the foregoing  special  voting  rights,  subject to revesting in the
event of each and every  subsequent like default in payments of dividends.  Upon
the termination of the foregoing  special voting rights,  the terms of office of
all persons who may have been elected directors  pursuant to said special voting
rights shall forthwith terminate,  and the number of directors  constituting the
Board of Directors  shall be reduced by two. The voting  rights  granted by this
Section  3(C) shall be in addition  to any other  voting  rights  granted to the
holders of the Series A Participating Preferred Stock in this Section 3.

               4. CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS.

                       (A) Whenever  quarterly  dividends or other  dividends or
distributions payable on the Series A Participating  Preferred Stock as provided
in  Section  2 are in  arrears,  thereafter  and until all  accrued  and  unpaid
dividends  and  distributions,  whether or not  declared,  on shares of Series A
Participating  Preferred  Stock  outstanding  shall have been paid in full,  the
Corporation shall not:

                                (i) declare or pay  dividends on, make any other
distributions  on, or redeem or purchase or otherwise  acquire for consideration
any shares of stock ranking junior (either as to dividends or upon  liquidation,
dissolution or winding up) to the Series A Participating Preferred Stock;

                                (ii)  declare  or pay  dividends  on or make any
other  distributions  on any shares of stock  ranking on a parity  (either as to
dividends  or upon  liquidation,  dissolution  or winding  up) with the Series A
Participating  Preferred  Stock,  except  dividends paid ratably on the Series A
Participating  Preferred  Stock and all such parity stock on which dividends are
payable or in arrears in proportion to the total amounts to which the holders of
all such shares are then entitled; or

                                (iii)   purchase   or   otherwise   acquire  for
consideration  any  shares of Series A  Participating  Preferred  Stock,  or any
shares of stock  ranking on a parity with the Series A  Participating  Preferred
Stock,  except  in  accordance  with a  purchase  offer  made in  writing  or by
publication (as determined by the Board of Directors) to all holders of Series A
Participating Preferred Stock, or to such holders and holders of any such shares
ranking on a parity therewith, upon such terms as the Board of Directors,  after
consideration of the respective  annual dividend rates and other relative rights
and  preferences of the respective  series and classes,  shall determine in good
faith will result in fair and equitable treatment among the respective series or
classes.

                       (B) The  Corporation  shall not permit any  subsidiary of
the Corporation to purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any shares of
stock of the Corporation  unless the Corporation  could,  under paragraph (A) of
this Section 4,  purchase or  otherwise  acquire such shares at such time and in
such manner.

                                       A-4
<PAGE>
               5.  REACQUIRED  SHARES.  Any  shares  of  Series A  Participating
Preferred Stock purchased or otherwise acquired by the Corporation in any manner
whatsoever  shall be retired  promptly after the acquisition  thereof.  All such
shares shall upon their  retirement  become  authorized  but unissued  shares of
Preferred  Stock and may be reissued as part of a new series of Preferred  Stock
to be created by resolution or resolutions of the Board of Directors, subject to
any conditions and restrictions on issuance set forth herein.

               6.   LIQUIDATION,   DISSOLUTION  OR  WINDING  UP.  (A)  Upon  any
liquidation,  dissolution  or  winding  up  of  the  Corporation,  voluntary  or
otherwise,  no  distribution  shall be made to the  holders  of  shares of stock
ranking  junior  (either as to dividends  or upon  liquidation,  dissolution  or
winding up) to the Series A Participating Preferred Stock unless, prior thereto,
the  holders  of shares of Series A  Participating  Preferred  Stock  shall have
received an amount per share (the "Series A  Liquidation  Preference")  equal to
the greater of (i) $10.00 plus an amount  equal to accrued and unpaid  dividends
and distributions thereon, whether or not declared, to the date of such payment,
or (ii) the  Adjustment  Number times the per share amount of all cash and other
property to be distributed in respect of the Common Stock upon such liquidation,
dissolution or winding up of the Corporation.

                       (B) In the event,  however, that there are not sufficient
assets  available  to  permit  payment  in  full  of the  Series  A  Liquidation
Preference  and the  liquidation  preferences of all other classes and series of
stock  of the  Corporation,  if any,  that  rank on a parity  with the  Series A
Participating  Preferred Stock in respect thereof, then the assets available for
such  distribution  shall be distributed  ratably to the holders of the Series A
Participating  Preferred  Stock  and  the  holders  of  such  parity  shares  in
proportion to their respective liquidation preferences.

                       (C)   Neither   the  merger  or   consolidation   of  the
Corporation into or with another  corporation nor the merger or consolidation of
any  other  corporation  into or with the  Corporation  shall be  deemed to be a
liquidation,  dissolution or winding up of the Corporation within the meaning of
this Section 6.

               7.  CONSOLIDATION,  MERGER,  ETC. In case the  Corporation  shall
enter into any consolidation,  merger, combination or other transaction in which
the  outstanding  shares of Common Stock are exchanged for or changed into other
stock or securities,  cash and/or any other property, then in any such case each
share of  Series  A  Participating  Preferred  Stock  shall at the same  time be
similarly  exchanged  or changed in an amount per share equal to the  Adjustment
Number times the aggregate  amount of stock,  securities,  cash and/or any other
property  (payable  in kind),  as the case may be,  into which or for which each
share of Common Stock is changed or exchanged.

               8. NO  REDEMPTION.  Shares  of Series A  Participating  Preferred
Stock shall not be subject to redemption by the Company.

               9. RANKING. The Series A Participating Preferred Stock shall rank
junior to all other series of the Preferred Stock as to the payment of dividends
and as to the distribution

                                       A-5
<PAGE>
of assets upon  liquidation,  dissolution or winding up, unless the terms of any
such series shall provide  otherwise,  and shall rank senior to the Common Stock
as to such matters.

               10.  AMENDMENT.   At  any  time  that  any  shares  of  Series  A
Participating Preferred Stock are outstanding,  the Articles of Incorporation of
the Corporation  shall not be amended in any manner which would materially alter
or  change  the  powers,   preferences   or  special  rights  of  the  Series  A
Participating  Preferred  Stock  so as to  affect  them  adversely  without  the
affirmative  vote of the  holders of  two-thirds  of the  outstanding  shares of
Series A Participating Preferred Stock, voting separately as a class.

               11. FRACTIONAL SHARES. Series A Participating Preferred Stock may
be issued in fractions of a share that shall  entitle the holder,  in proportion
to  such  holder's  fractional  shares,  to  exercise  voting  rights,   receive
dividends,  participate  in  distributions  and to have the benefit of all other
rights of holders of Series A Participating Preferred Stock.

               IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Certificate
this __ day of March, 1999.

                                           PINNACLE WEST CAPITAL CORPORATION



                                           By:_______________________________
                                              Name:
                                              Title:

                                       A-6
<PAGE>
                                                                       Exhibit B

                            Form of Right Certificate

Certificate No. R-______

               NOT EXERCISABLE  AFTER MARCH 26, 2009 OR EARLIER IF REDEMPTION OR
               EXCHANGE OCCURS. THE RIGHTS ARE SUBJECT TO REDEMPTION AT $.01 PER
               RIGHT  AND TO  EXCHANGE  ON THE  TERMS  SET  FORTH IN THE  RIGHTS
               AGREEMENT.  UNDER  CERTAIN  CIRCUMSTANCES,  AS SET  FORTH  IN THE
               RIGHTS  AGREEMENT,  RIGHTS OWNED BY OR  TRANSFERRED TO ANY PERSON
               WHO IS OR BECOMES AN  ACQUIRING  PERSON (AS DEFINED IN THE RIGHTS
               AGREEMENT) AND CERTAIN  TRANSFEREES  THEREOF WILL BECOME NULL AND
               VOID AND WILL NO LONGER BE TRANSFERABLE.


                                RIGHT CERTIFICATE

                        PINNACLE WEST CAPITAL CORPORATION

               This certifies that  ______________ or registered assigns, is the
registered owner of the number of Rights set forth above, each of which entitles
the owner  thereof,  subject  to the terms,  provisions  and  conditions  of the
Amended and Restated Rights  Agreement,  dated as of March 26, 1999, as the same
may be amended from time to time (the "Rights Agreement"), between Pinnacle West
Capital  Corporation,  an Arizona  corporation (the "Company"),  and BankBoston,
N.A., as Rights Agent (the "Rights Agent"),  to purchase from the Company at any
time  after  the  Distribution  Date  (as such  term is  defined  in the  Rights
Agreement) and prior to 5:00 P.M., Arizona time, on March 26, 2009 at the office
or agency of the Rights Agent  designated for such purpose,  or of its successor
as Rights  Agent,  one  one-hundredth  of a fully paid  non-assessable  share of
Series A Participating Preferred Stock, no par value (the "Preferred Stock"), of
the  Company at a  purchase  price of $130 per one  one-hundredth  of a share of
Preferred Stock (the "Purchase Price"),  upon presentation and surrender of this
Right  Certificate  with the Form of  Election to Purchase  duly  executed.  The
number of Rights  evidenced  by this Rights  Certificate  (and the number of one
one-hundredths  of a share  of  Preferred  Stock  which  may be  purchased  upon
exercise  hereof) set forth above,  and the Purchase Price set forth above,  are
the number and Purchase Price as of March 26, 1999, based on the Preferred Stock
as constituted at such date. As provided in the Rights  Agreement,  the Purchase
Price, the number of one  one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock (or other
securities or property)  which may be purchased  upon the exercise of the Rights
and the number of Rights  evidenced  by this Right  Certificate  are  subject to
modification and adjustment upon the happening of certain events.

                                       B-1
<PAGE>
               This Right Certificate is subject to all of the terms, provisions
and conditions of the Rights Agreement,  which terms,  provisions and conditions
are hereby  incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof and to which
Rights Agreement  reference is hereby made for a full description of the rights,
limitations  of rights,  obligations,  duties and  immunities  hereunder  of the
Rights Agent, the Company and the holders of the Right  Certificates.  Copies of
the  Rights  Agreement  are on file at the  principal  executive  offices of the
Company  and the  above-mentioned  office  or agency of the  Rights  Agent.  The
Company will mail to the holder of this Right  Certificate  a copy of the Rights
Agreement without charge after receipt of a written request therefor.

               This Right Certificate, with or without other Right Certificates,
upon  surrender at the office or agency of the Rights Agent  designated for such
purpose, may be exchanged for another Right Certificate or Right Certificates of
like tenor and date  evidencing  Rights  entitling the holder to purchase a like
aggregate  number of shares of  Preferred  Stock as the Rights  evidenced by the
Right  Certificate or Right  Certificates  surrendered  shall have entitled such
holder to purchase.  If this Right  Certificate  shall be exercised in part, the
holder  shall be  entitled  to  receive  upon  surrender  hereof  another  Right
Certificate or Right Certificates for the number of whole Rights not exercised.

               Subject to the  provisions  of the Rights  Agreement,  the Rights
evidenced by this Certificate (i) may be redeemed by the Company at a redemption
price of $.01 per Right or (ii) may be  exchanged in whole or in part for shares
of the Company's Common Stock, no par value, or shares of Preferred Stock.

               No fractional  shares of Preferred  Stock or Common Stock will be
issued upon the  exercise or  exchange of any Right or Rights  evidenced  hereby
(other than  fractions  of Preferred  Stock which are integral  multiples of one
one-hundredth of a share of Preferred  Stock,  which may, at the election of the
Company,  be  evidenced  by  depository  receipts),  but in lieu  thereof a cash
payment will be made, as provided in the Rights Agreement.

               No holder of this Right  Certificate,  as such, shall be entitled
to vote or  receive  dividends  or be deemed for any  purpose  the holder of the
Preferred Stock or of any other  securities of the Company which may at any time
be issuable on the exercise or exchange hereof,  nor shall anything contained in
the Rights Agreement or herein be construed to confer upon the holder hereof, as
such, any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company or any right to vote for
the election of directors or upon any matter  submitted to  stockholders  at any
meeting thereof,  or to give or withhold consent to any corporate  action, or to
receive notice of meetings or other actions  affecting  stockholders  (except as
provided  in the Rights  Agreement)  or to  receive  dividends  or  subscription
rights,  or  otherwise,  until  the  Right or  Rights  evidenced  by this  Right
Certificate  shall have been  exercised  or  exchanged as provided in the Rights
Agreement.

               This Right  Certificate  shall not be valid or obligatory for any
purpose until it shall have been countersigned by the Rights Agent.

                                       B-2
<PAGE>
               WITNESS the  facsimile  signature  of the proper  officers of the
Company and its corporate seal. Dated as of _________ __, 199_.

                                           PINNACLE WEST CAPITAL CORPORATION



                                           By:__________________________________
                                                 [Title]
ATTEST:



_______________________________
[Title]


Countersigned:


BankBoston, N.A., as Rights Agent



By_____________________________
    [Title]

                                       B-3
<PAGE>
                    Form of Reverse Side of Right Certificate

                               FORM OF ASSIGNMENT

                (To be executed by the registered holder if such
                holder desires to transfer the Right Certificate)

               FOR VALUE RECEIVED ________________________ hereby sells, assigns
and transfers unto _____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
                  (Please print name and address of transferee)

_______ Rights represented by this Right  Certificate,  together with all right,
title and interest therein,  and does hereby irrevocably  constitute and appoint
___________________________  Attorney,  to transfer  said Rights on the books of
the within-named Company, with full power of substitution.

Dated:__________________________


                                                ________________________________
                                                            Signature

Signature Guaranteed:


               Signatures must be guaranteed by a bank,  trust company,  broker,
dealer or other eligible  institution  participating  in a recognized  signature
guarantee medallion program.

 ................................................................................
                                (To be completed)

               The  undersigned  hereby  certifies that the Rights  evidenced by
this Right  Certificate are not beneficially  owned by, were not acquired by the
undersigned  from,  and are not  being  assigned  to an  Acquiring  Person or an
Affiliate or Associate thereof (as defined in the Rights Agreement).


                                               _________________________________
                                                           Signature

                                       B-4
<PAGE>
              Form of Reverse Side of Right Certificate - continued

                          FORM OF ELECTION TO PURCHASE

                  (To be executed if holder desires to exercise
                  Rights represented by the Rights Certificate)

To PINNACLE WEST CAPITAL CORPORATION:

               The undersigned  hereby  irrevocably  elects to exercise ________
Rights represented by this Right Certificate to purchase the shares of Preferred
Stock (or other  securities  or  property)  issuable  upon the  exercise of such
Rights and requests  that  certificates  for such shares of Preferred  Stock (or
such other securities) be issued in the name of:

________________________________________________________________________________
                         (Please print name and address)

________________________________________________________________________________

If such  number of Rights  shall not be all the Rights  evidenced  by this Right
Certificate,  a new Right  Certificate for the balance  remaining of such Rights
shall be registered in the name of and delivered to:

Please insert social security
or other identifying number

________________________________________________________________________________
                         (Please print name and address)

________________________________________________________________________________

Dated:________________________

                                               _________________________________
                                                           Signature

        (Signature must conform to holder specified on Right Certificate)

Signature Guaranteed:

               Signature must be guaranteed by a bank,  trust  company,  broker,
dealer or other eligible  institution  participating  in a recognized  signature
guarantee medallion program.

                                       B-5
<PAGE>
              Form of Reverse Side of Right Certificate - continued

________________________________________________________________________________
                                (To be completed)

               The undersigned certifies that the Rights evidenced by this Right
Certificate  are not  beneficially  owned  by,  and  were  not  acquired  by the
undersigned  from, an Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate  thereof (as
defined in the Rights Agreement).


                                            ____________________________________
                                                         Signature

________________________________________________________________________________


                                     NOTICE

               The  signature in the Form of  Assignment  or Form of Election to
Purchase,  as the case may be, must conform to the name as written upon the face
of this Right Certificate in every particular, without alteration or enlargement
or any change whatsoever.

               In the event  the  certification  set forth  above in the Form of
Assignment  or the Form of  Election  to  Purchase,  as the case may be,  is not
completed, such Assignment or Election to Purchase will not be honored.

                                       B-6
<PAGE>
                                                                       Exhibit C

                          SUMMARY OF RIGHTS TO PURCHASE
                                PREFERRED SHARES

               On March  27,  1989,  the Board of  Directors  of  Pinnacle  West
Capital  Corporation (the "Company")  declared a dividend of one preferred share
purchase right (a "Right") for each  outstanding  share of common stock,  no par
value (the "Common Stock"), of the Company. The dividend is payable on April 17,
1989 (the "Record Date") to the  shareholders of record on that date. Each Right
entitles the registered holder to purchase from the Company one one-hundredth of
a share of Series A Participating  Preferred Stock, no par value (the "Preferred
Stock"),  of the  Company  at a price  of  $60.00  subject  to  adjustment.  The
description  and terms of the  Rights are set forth in a Rights  Agreement  (the
"Rights Agreement") between the Company and The Valley National Bank of Arizona,
as Rights Agent (the "Rights Agent).

               Until  the  earlier  to occur of (i) 10 days  following  a public
announcement  that a person or group of  affiliated  or  associated  persons (an
"Acquiring  Person")  have acquired  beneficial  ownership of 20% or more of the
outstanding  Common  Stock or (ii) 10 days  following  the  commencement  of, or
announcement  of an  intention  to make a tender  offer or  exchange  offer  the
consummation  of which would result in the  beneficial  ownership by a person or
group of 30% or more of such outstanding Common Stock (the earlier of such dates
being  called the  "Distribution  Date"),  the Rights  will be  evidenced,  with
respect to any of the Common  Stock  certificates  outstanding  as of the Record
Date,  by such Common  Stock  certificate  with a copy of this Summary of Rights
attached thereto.

               The Rights Agreement  provides that, until the Distribution Date,
the Rights will be  transferred  with and only with the Common Stock.  Until the
Distribution  Date (or earlier  redemption  or  expiration  of the Rights),  new
Common Stock  certificates  issued after the Record Date,  upon  transfer or new
issuance  of Common  Stock,  will  contain a notation  incorporating  the Rights
Agreement by reference.  Until the Distribution  Date (or earlier  redemption or
expiration of the Rights),  the surrender for transfer of any  certificates  for
Common Stock, outstanding as of the Record Date, even without such notation or a
copy of this Summary of Rights being attached thereto,  will also constitute the
transfer of the Rights  associated  with the Common  Stock  represented  by such
certificate.  As soon as practicable  following the Distribution Date,  separate
certificates  evidencing  the Rights  ("Right  Certificates")  will be mailed to
holders  of  record  of the  Common  Stock as of the  close of  business  on the
Distribution Date and such separate Right  Certificates  alone will evidence the
Rights.

               The Rights are not exercisable  until the Distribution  Date. The
Rights will expire on March 31, 1999 (the "Final Expiration  Date"),  unless the
Company extends the Final

                                       C-1
<PAGE>
Expiration  Date or unless the Company  earlier redeems the Rights in each case,
as described below.

               The Purchase Price payable,  and the number of one one-hundredths
of a share of Preferred  Stock or other  securities or property  issuable,  upon
exercise  of the Rights are subject to  adjustment  from time to time to prevent
dilution (i) in the event of a stock dividend on, or a subdivision, combination,
or  reclassification  of, the Preferred Stock, (ii) upon the grant to holders of
the Preferred  Stock of certain  rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase
shares of Preferred Stock at a price, or securities  convertible  into Preferred
Stock with a conversion  price,  less than the then current  market price of the
Preferred  Stock,  or (iii) upon the  distribution  to holders of the  Preferred
Stock of evidences of indebtedness or assets  (excluding  regular  periodic cash
dividends  paid out of  earnings or retained  earnings or  dividends  payable in
Preferred  Stock)  or of  subscription  rights or  warrants  (other  than  those
referred to above).

               In the event that following a Stock Acquisition Date (the date an
Acquiring  Person  becomes  such) the  Company is  acquired in a merger or other
business  combination  transaction or 50% or more of its consolidated  assets or
earning power are sold,  proper  provision will be made so that each holder of a
Right will  thereafter have the right to receive,  upon the exercise  thereof at
the then current  exercise  price of the Right,  that number of shares of common
stock  of the  acquiring  company  (or,  in the  event  there  is more  than one
purchase,  the purchaser receiving the greatest portion of the assets or earning
power  transferred)  which at the time of such  transaction  will  have a market
value of two times the exercise price of the Right (the "Flip-Over Right").

               In the event that the Company is the surviving  corporation  in a
merger or other  business  combination  transaction  and the Common Stock is not
changed or exchanged,  a person becomes the  beneficial  owner of 20% or more of
the then  outstanding  shares of Common  Stock  (except  pursuant to an all cash
tender offer at a price and upon terms determined by a majority of the Directors
who are not officers of the Company or  affiliates of the offeror to be fair and
in the best  interests  of the Company  and the  shareholders)  or an  Acquiring
Person engages in one of a number of self-dealing  transaction  specified in the
Rights  Agreement or, under  certain  circumstances,  increases  his  beneficial
ownership of the Common Stock by 1% or more,  proper  provision shall be made so
that each holder of a Right (other than the  Acquiring  Person) will  thereafter
have the right to receive  upon  exercise  that number of shares of Common Stock
(or, under certain circumstances, other equity securities of the Company) having
a market  value equal to two times the Purchase  Price of the Right,  subject to
the  availability  of a sufficient  number of treasury  shares or authorized but
unissued  shares  (the  "Flip-In  Right").  Upon  the  occurrence  of any of the
foregoing  events giving rise to the  exercisability  of the Rights,  any Rights
that are or were at any time owned by an  Acquiring  Person  engaging  in any of
such transactions or receiving the benefits thereof shall become void.

               The holder of a Right will continue to have the  Flip-Over  Right
whether or not such holder exercises the Flip-In Right.

                                       C-2
<PAGE>
               With certain exceptions, no adjustment in the Purchase Price will
be required until cumulative adjustments require an adjustment of at least 1% in
such  Purchase  Price.  Upon  exercise of the Rights,  no  fractional  shares of
Preferred Stock will be issued other than fractions which are integral multiples
of one one-hundredth of a share of Preferred Stock. The Company may elect to pay
cash in lieu of fractional shares of Preferred Stock.

               At any time prior to the earlier to occur of (i) the time that an
Acquiring Person becomes such or (ii) the expiration of the Rights,  the Company
may redeem the  Rights in whole,  but not in part,  at a price of $.01 per Right
(the "Redemption Price"), which redemption shall be effective upon the action of
the Company. In addition, if a bidder who does not beneficially own more than 1%
(or the sum of (x) 1% of the  outstanding  Common  Stock of the Company plus (y)
the amount of Common  Stock  owned as of April 17, 1989 in the event of a bidder
who owns in excess of 1% on April 17,  1989) of the shares of Common  Stock (and
who has not within the past year owned in excess of 1% of the Common  Stock,  or
the sum of (x) 1% of the  outstanding  Common  Stock of the Company plus (y) the
amount of Common  Stock  owned as of April 17, 1989 in the event of a bidder who
owned in excess of 1% of the Common Stock on April 17, 1989, and  disclosed,  or
caused the disclosure  of, an intention  which relates to or would result in the
acquisition  or influence of control of the Company)  proposes to acquire all of
the outstanding shares of Common Stock (and all other shares of capital stock of
the Company  entitled to vote with the Common Stock in the election of directors
or on  members,  consolidations,  sales  of  all  or  substantially  all  of the
Company's assets, liquidations, dissolutions or windings up) for cash at a price
which a nationally  recognized  investment banker selected by such bidder states
in writing is fair, and such bidder has obtained written  financing  commitments
(or otherwise has financing) and complies with certain procedural  requirements,
then  the  Company,  upon  the  request  of the  bidder,  will  hold  a  special
shareholders  meeting to vote on a resolution  requesting the Board of Directors
to accept  the  bidder's  proposal.  If a  majority  of the  outstanding  shares
entitled to vote on the proposal  (excluding  shares  beneficially  owned by the
bidder) vote in favor of such resolution,  then the Rights will be automatically
redeemed at the Redemption  Price  immediately  prior to the consummation of any
tender  offer for all of such  shares  at a price per share in cash  equal to or
greater than the price contained in the resolution if such  consummation  occurs
within the 90-day period after such  shareholders  meeting;  provided,  however,
that no redemption  will be permitted or required  after the  acquisition by any
person or group of affiliated or associated  persons of beneficial  ownership of
20% or more of the outstanding Common Shares. Immediately upon any redemption of
the Rights  described in this  paragraph,  the right to exercise the Rights will
terminate  and the only right of the  holders of Rights  will be to receive  the
Redemption Price.

               In addition, the Board may redeem the Rights in whole at $.01 per
Right at any time during the 10-day period  commencing on the date that a person
becomes an Acquiring  Person if (i) at the time such person  became an Acquiring
Person it was  pursuant  to  consummation  of an all cash  tender  offer for all
outstanding  shares of the Company's  Common Stock and such offer was determined
by a majority of the Directors who are not officers of the Company or affiliates
of the offeror to be at a price and on terms that are fair

                                       C-3
<PAGE>
and in  the  best  interests  of the  Company  and  the  shareholders  and  (ii)
concurrently  with  consummation of such tender offer, the offeror increased his
beneficial  ownership of the Company's  outstanding shares of outstanding shares
of Common  Stock  from a position  of less than 20% to 80% or more.  Immediately
upon any  redemption  of the Rights  described in this  paragraph,  the right to
exercise the Rights will  terminate  and the only right of the holders of Rights
will be to receive the Redemption Price.

               In addition,  the Company's right to redeem the Rights would also
be reinstated if an Acquiring  Person reduces his  beneficial  ownership to less
than 5% of the then outstanding  voting securities in a transaction or series of
transactions  not involving the Company.  The redemption of Rights  described in
this paragraph will be effective only after 10 business days' prior notice.

               Prior to the date separate  Rights  certificates  are issued (the
"Distribution  Date"),  the terms of the  Rights  may be amended by the Board of
Directors of the Company without the consent of the holders of the Rights at any
time and from time to time, except no reduction in the Redemption Price shall be
permitted  without the consent of Rights holders.  After the Distribution  Date,
the Rights may be amended  provided such amendment does not adversely affect the
interests  of the holders of the Rights.  Any  amendment  that would  permit the
payment of the  Redemption  Price by the Company in securities of the Company in
lieu of cash is deemed not to affect  adversely  the interests of the holders of
Rights.  In addition,  prior to the time that an Acquiring  Person becomes such,
the terms of the Rights may be amended  by the Board of  Directors  without  the
consent of the holders of Rights to assure continued effectiveness of the Rights
Agreement under applicable law.

               A copy of the Rights Agreement has been filed with the Securities
and Exchange  Commission as an Exhibit to a Registration  Statement on Form 8-A,
dated March 30, 1989. A copy of the Rights Agreement is available free of charge
from the Company.  This summary description of the Rights does not purport to be
complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Rights  Agreement,
which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.

                                       C-4


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