----------------------------------------------
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D. C. 20549
Form 8 - K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported)
May 20, 1998
PMC-Sierra, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 0-19084 94-2925073
- ---------------------- ---------------------- -------------------------------
State of incorporation Commission File Number IRS Employer Identification No.
105-8555 BAXTER PLACE
BURNABY, BRITISH COLUMBIA, V5A 4V7, CANADA
(address of principal executive offices)
Company's telephone number, including area code: (604) 415-6000
-----------------------------------------------
<PAGE>
Item 2. Acquisition or Disposition of Assets.
On May 20, 1998, Registrant acquired Integrated Telecom Technology,
Inc., a Maryland corporation, ("IGT") through a merger (the "Merger")
of IGT with and into PMC-Sierra (Maryland), Inc., a Delaware
corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Registrant ("Sub")
pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization dated April 15,
1998 (the "Agreement") among IGT, Registrant, Sub and Samsung
Electronics Co., Ltd. Following the Merger, all of the rights and
obligations of IGT have been assigned to Sub.
IGT is a fabless semiconductor company headquartered in Gaithersburg,
MD with a development site in San Jose, CA. IGT makes Asynchronous
Transfer Mode (ATM) switching chipsets for wide area network
applications as well as ATM Segmentation-and-Reassembly and other
telecommunication chips.
The purchase price of $55,000,000 was paid in approximately half in
cash and half in Registrant's stock and options (the "Purchase Price").
The cash payment includes payments to IGT's creditors. The cash payment
was funded using the Registrant's general working capital. Registrant
issued to IGT's stockholders approximately 414,000 shares of Common
Stock and options to purchase approximately 214,000 shares of Common
Stock.
Of the Purchase Price, $3.9 million is being held in escrow to secure
certain indemnity obligations of IGT under the Agreement.
The Purchase Price was agreed upon in arm's length negotiations and
took into account various factors concerning the relative valuations of
Registrant and IGT. Registrant received an opinion from its financial
advisor that the merger was fair to Registrant from a financial point
of view.
The Merger will be accounted for as a purchase by Registrant. In
connection with the acquisition of IGT, Registrant expects to record a
one-time charge to earnings during the current quarter due to the
acquisition of technology that has not reached technological
feasibility and that has no alternative future use. The amount of the
one-time charge for in-process research and development is being
determined and will be charged to expense by the Registrant in its
second quarter of fiscal 1998. The Merger is intended to constitute a
tax-free reorganization under Section 368(a) of the Internal Revenue
Code.
The provisions of the Agreement described in this report are qualified
in their entirety by reference to the actual text of the Agreement,
included as an exhibit to this report.
Item 7. Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(a) Financial statements of business acquired
The following financial statements of the business acquired are
included in this current report.
- Audited balance sheets as of December 31, 1996 and 1997
- Audited statements of operations, stockholders' deficit and cash
flows for the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997
It is impractical to provide the required financial information for the
period ended March 31, 1998 at the time of the filing of this report.
This information will be filed by amendment to this Form 8-K filed
within 60 days after the date on which this report is required to be
filed.
<PAGE>
INTEGRATED TELECOM TECHNOLOGY, INC.
--------
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
for the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997
AND
REPORT THEREON
--------
<PAGE>
Report of Independent Accountants
---------------------------------
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
Integrated Telecom Technology, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Integrated Telecom
Technology, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 1996 and 1997, and the related
statements of operations, stockholders' deficit and cash flows for the years
then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial
statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
As described in Note 14, the Company has been notified by Samsung
Electronics Co., Ltd. that it would provide or assist in obtaining sufficient
additional funding to enable the Company to continue in operation for the coming
year.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Integrated Telecom
Technology, Inc. as of December 31, 1996 and 1997, and the results of its
operations and its cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P.
Washington, D.C.
February 20, 1998
except for Note 15
as to which the date
is April 15, 1998
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
INTEGRATED TELECOM TECHNOLOGY, INC.
BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, 1996 and 1997
--------
<CAPTION>
ASSETS
1996 1997
-------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C>
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 803,592 $ 916,545
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $6,000 and
$15,353 in 1996 and 1997, respectively 1,588,878 2,733,932
Inventories, net of allowance of $50,000 in
1996 and 1997, respectively 580,834 303,949
Prepaid expenses 68,307 184,742
Other current assets 20,636 29,835
-------------- --------------
Total current assets 3,062,247 4,169,003
Property and equipment, net 1,843,688 2,309,349
Patents and license 365,119 463,106
Other assets 235,325 181,849
-------------- --------------
Total assets $ 5,506,379 $ 7,123,307
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
Current liabilities:
Lines of credit $ 2,650,000 $ 7,650,000
Current maturities of obligations under capital leases 407,452 784,913
Accounts payable 651,118 679,075
Accrued salaries and benefits 229,004 265,504
Commissions payable 198,762 291,511
Accrued expenses 219,537 378,770
Accrued vacation 142,017 181,423
Severance payable 350,000 -
Billings in excess of costs and earnings on contracts-in-progress 1,085,001 25,001
-------------- --------------
Total current liabilities 5,932,891 10,256,197
Unearned income - 119,544
Obligations under capital leases 287,193 841,713
-------------- --------------
Total liabilities 6,220,084 11,217,454
-------------- --------------
Series B mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock, $1 par value
per share. Authorized, issued and outstanding 1,000,000 shares at
December 31, 1996 and 1997, respectively (liquidation value; $2,350,000) 2,272,834 2,292,126
Series C mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock, $1 par value
per share. Authorized, issued and outstanding 1,254,717 shares at
December 31, 1996 and 1997, respectively (liquidation value; $6,650,000) 6,629,558 6,633,646
-------------- --------------
Total preferred stock 8,902,392 8,925,772
-------------- --------------
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' deficit:
Series A convertible preferred stock, $1 par value per share. Authorized
1,265,953 shares; issued and outstanding 1,042,549 shares at December 31,
1996 and 1997, respectively (liquidation value; $2,449,990) 1,042,549 1,042,549
Common stock, $.01 par value per share. Authorized 7,507,632 shares,
issued and outstanding 380,418 and 387,918 shares at December 31, 1996 and
1997, respectively 3,804 3,879
Additional paid-in capital 1,360,968 1,341,263
Accumulated deficit (12,023,418) (15,407,610)
-------------- --------------
Total stockholders' deficit (9,616,097) (13,019,919)
-------------- --------------
Total liabilities and stockholders' deficit $ 5,506,379 $ 7,123,307
============== ==============
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
INTEGRATED TELECOM TECHNOLOGY, INC.
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
for the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997
--------
1996 1997
--------------- ---------------
Net sales $ 6,669,362 $ 12,603,003
Cost of sales 4,702,327 4,634,400
--------------- ---------------
Gross profit 1,967,035 7,968,603
--------------- ---------------
Operating expenses:
Research and development costs 4,739,240 7,377,582
Selling, marketing, general and
administrative expenses 3,000,787 3,566,713
--------------- ---------------
7,740,027 10,944,295
--------------- ---------------
Operating loss (5,772,992) (2,975,692)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense, net (269,971) (417,969)
Other income 1,436 9,469
--------------- ---------------
Total other expenses (268,535) (408,500)
--------------- ---------------
Net loss $ (6,041,527) $ (3,384,192)
=============== ===============
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
INTEGRATED TELECOM TECHNOLOGY, INC.
STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
for the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997
---------
<CAPTION>
Series A Preferred Stock Common Stock
------------------------ --------------------- Additional Total
Par Par paid-in Accumulated stockholders'
Shares value Shares value capital deficit deficit
----------- ------------ ---------- -------- ------------ ------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance, January 1, 1996 1 ,042,549 $ 1,042,549 380,418 $ 3,804 $ 1,384,348 $ (5,981,891) $ (3,551,190)
Accretion of Series B preferred stock - - - - (19,292) - (19,292)
Accretion of Series C preferred stock - - - - (4,088) - (4,088)
Net loss - - - - - (6,041,527) (6,041,527)
----------- ------------ ---------- -------- ------------ ------------- -------------
Balance, December 31, 1996 1,042,549 1,042,549 380,418 3,804 1,360,968 (12,023,418) (9,616,097)
Exercise of stock options - - 7,500 75 3,675 - 3,750
Accretion of Series B preferred stock - - - - (19,292) - (19,292)
Accretion of Series C preferred stock - - - - (4,088) - (4,088)
Net loss - - - - - (3,384,192) (3,384,192)
----------- ------------ ---------- -------- ------------ ------------- -------------
Balance, December 31, 1997 1,042,549 $ 1,042,549 387,918 $ 3,879 $ 1,341,263 $(15,407,610) $(13,019,919)
========== ============ ========== ======== ============ ============= =============
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
INTEGRATED TELECOM TECHNOLOGY, INC.
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
for the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997
--------
<CAPTION>
1996 1997
-------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C>
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss $ (6,041,527) $ (3,384,192)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 880,264 1,324,155
Recognition of unearned income from sale/leaseback transactions - (5,674)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable (335,623) (1,145,054)
Inventories (189,667) 276,885
Other current assets 3,928 (125,634)
Other assets (116,543) 79,464
Accounts payable (232,343) 140,661
Accrued expenses 313,825 (22,112)
Billings in excess of costs and earnings on contracts-in-progress (231,749) (1,060,000)
-------------- --------------
Net cash used in operating activities (5,949,435) (3,921,501)
-------------- --------------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment (657,827) (1,212,699)
Payments to acquire patents and license (105,086) (161,549)
-------------- --------------
Net cash used in investing activities (762,913) (1,374,248)
-------------- --------------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from sale/leaseback transactions - 840,876
Proceeds from line of credit 3,700,000 5,000,000
Payments on line of credit (3,700,000) -
Repayment of notes payable (255,825) -
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock 6,650,000 -
Expenditures associated with issuance of preferred stock (24,530) -
Proceeds from exercise of stock options - 3,750
Payments under capital lease obligations (430,673) (435,924)
-------------- --------------
Net cash provided by financing activities 5,938,972 5,408,702
-------------- --------------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (773,376) 112,953
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 1,576,968 803,592
-------------- --------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 803,592 $ 916,545
============== ==============
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest $ 297,284 $ 359,586
============== ==============
Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing and financing activities:
Equipment acquired under capital leases $ 557,543 $ 394,779
============== ==============
Reduction of accounts payable in connection with the sale/leaseback
transactions $ - $ 138,691
============== ==============
Accretion of Series B preferred stock $ 19,292 $ 19,292
============== ==============
Accretion of Series C preferred stock $ 4,088 $ 4,088
============== ==============
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
INTEGRATED TELECOM TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Business
Integrated Telecom Technology, Inc. (the Company) was incorporated on
June 13, 1991, to develop, manufacture, market and sell integrated circuits and
test system products.
2. Summary of significant accounting policies
Revenue recognition
-------------------
Revenue under long-term fixed-fee contracts is recognized
using the percentage-of-completion method based on costs incurred
in relation to total estimated costs. Billings in excess of
estimated costs and earnings on contracts-in-progress are deferred
until earned and recorded as billings in excess of costs and
earnings on contracts in progress. Anticipated contract losses are
recognized in the period they become known and estimable. Revenue
from the sale of integrated circuits and test system products is
generally recognized upon shipment.
Cash equivalents
----------------
All highly liquid instruments with original maturities of
three months or less are considered to be cash equivalents. Cash
equivalents of $80,654 and $83,199 at December 31, 1996 and 1997,
respectively, consist of funds held in interest-bearing deposit
accounts. The Company invests its cash balances in a financial
institution and performs periodic evaluations of its credit
standing.
Concentration of credit risk
----------------------------
Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company
to a concentration of credit risk principally consist of cash and
cash equivalents and accounts receivable. Cash and cash
equivalents include deposits which are maintained in one financial
institution. The total deposits, at this institution, at times
exceed the amount guaranteed by federal agencies and therefore,
bear some risk since they are not collateralized. Generally, the
Company does not require collateral from its customers. During
1996 and 1997, the Company earned approximately 56% and 30%,
respectively, of its net sales from Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
(SEC). As of December 31, 1996 and 1997, 58% and 35%,
respectively, of the Company's accounts receivable were due from
SEC.
<PAGE>
Inventories
-----------
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost
is determined using the average-cost method.
Property and equipment
----------------------
Property and equipment are stated at cost. Property and
equipment under capital leases are recorded at the lower of their
fair value or the present value of future minimum lease payments
determined at the inception of the lease.
Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over
the following estimated useful lives:
Computer and lab equipment 3 years
Office Equipment 3-5 years
Furniture and office equipment 7 years
Leasehold improvements lesser of
useful life or
lease term
Property and equipment recorded under capital leases are
amortized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
When property and equipment are retired or disposed, the
related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the
accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in
operations.
<PAGE>
Stock-based compensation
------------------------
In October 1996, the Financial Accounting Standards Board
(FASB) issued the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
(SFAS) No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, which is
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 1995. SFAS
No. 123 allows companies to either account for the stock-based
compensation under the new provisions of SFAS No. 123 or under the
provisions of Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25,
Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, but requires pro forma
disclosure in the footnotes to the financial statements as if the
measurement provisions of SFAS No. 123 had been adopted. The
Company has continued to account for its stock based compensation
in accordance with the provisions of APB No. 25.
Patents and license
-------------------
The cost of patents acquired amounted to approximately
$386,000 and $447,000 as of December 31, 1996 and 1997,
respectively. Upon approval, the patents are amortized on a
straight line basis over their estimated remaining economic lives,
which is less than the statutory life of each patent. Amortization
expense was approximately $20,000 and $60,300 in 1996 and 1997,
respectively.
During 1997 the Company purchased from Bell Communications
Research, Inc. (BellCore) a license for the right to use specified
patented technology for an indefinite period. The license fee of
$100,000 is being amortized on a straight line basis over 10
years. Amortization expense was approximately $3,300 in 1997. In
addition, the Company is required to pay a royalty of not more
than 1% of the selling price of certain royalty bearing products
that are sold or a reasonably determined price of all such royalty
bearing products leased. No royalties were earned or paid to
BellCore during 1997. Semiconductive devices are not royalty
bearing products.
<PAGE>
The Company assesses the value of the patents and license
on a regular basis based upon estimates of future profitability
and cash flows. If the value of the patents or license declines
below its carrying value, and the decline is permanent, the patent
or license will be written down as a charge against earnings.
Income taxes
------------
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the
future tax consequences attributable to differences between the
financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and
liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and
tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable
income in the years in which those temporary differences are
expected to be recovered or settled. Valuation allowances are
established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the
amounts expected to be realized. The effect on deferred tax assets
and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income
in the period that includes the enactment date.
Use of estimates
----------------
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles requires management to
make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting
period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
<PAGE>
Long-lived assets
-----------------
Management of the Company periodically monitors the carrying
value of long-lived assets for potential impairment. The
impairment amount would be determined by comparing the carrying
value of these assets with their related, expected future net cash
flows. Should the sum of the expected future net cash flows be
less than the carrying value, management would determine whether
an impairment loss should be recognized. An impairment loss would
be measured by the amount by which the carrying value of these
assets exceeds the future discounted cash flows. For the years
ended December 31, 1996 and 1997, there were no adjustments to the
carrying values of long-lived assets.
Reclassifications
-----------------
Certain amounts in the 1996 financial statements have been
reclassified to conform with the 1997 presentation.
Fair value of financial instruments
-----------------------------------
The carrying amounts of the Company's current assets and
current liabilities approximate fair value due to either the
short-term maturity of those financial instruments or their
negotiated terms.
Recent accounting pronouncements
--------------------------------
In June 1997, the FASB issued SFAS No. 130, Reporting
Comprehensive Income and SFAS No. 131, Disclosures About Segments
of an Enterprise and Related Information. Both SFAS No. 130 and
SFAS No. 131 are required to be adopted for fiscal years beginning
after December 15, 1997. Upon the effective date of each of the
new statements, the Company will make the necessary changes to
comply with the provisions of each statement and restate all prior
periods presented. The Company does not expect the adoption of
these statements to have a material impact on the Company's
financial condition or results of operations.
<PAGE>
3. Accounts receivable
Included in accounts receivable are certain unbilled accounts
receivable representing recoverable costs and accrued profits which will be
billed in accordance with contract terms. Total unbilled accounts receivable at
December 31, 1996 and 1997 was $400,000 and $473,290, respectively. Management
anticipates that all unbilled receivables as of December 31, 1997 will be billed
and collected in 1998.
4. Inventories
Inventories consist of the following at December 31:
1996 1997
------------- ------------
Raw materials $ 60,594 $ 2,000
Finished goods 570,240 351,949
------------- ------------
630,834 353,949
Less allowance 50,000 50,000
------------- ------------
Total $ 580,834 $ 303,949
------------- ------------
5. Property and equipment
Property and equipment consists of the following at December 31:
1996 1997
-------------- --------------
Computer and lab equipment $ 2,930,967 $ 4,342,363
Furniture and office equipment 188,280 323,990
Leasehold improvements 13,463 44,443
-------------- --------------
3,132,710 4,710,796
Less accumulated depreciation 1,289,022 2,401,447
-------------- --------------
Property and equipment, net $ 1,843,688 $ 2,309,349
-------------- --------------
<PAGE>
The Company has entered into capital leases for equipment. The cost and
accumulated depreciation of assets under capital leases were as follows as of
December 31:
1996 1997
-------------- --------------
Computer and lab equipment $ 1,272,036 $ 2,639,941
Office equipment 83,192 83,192
-------------- --------------
1,355,228 2,723,133
Less accumulated depreciation 586,255 1,180,979
-------------- --------------
$ 768,973 $ 1,542,154
-------------- --------------
6. Leases
The Company is obligated under two noncancelable operating lease
agreements for office facilities expiring in June 1999. The Company has the
option to renew these leases for an additional term of three years.
The Company has also entered into several month-to-month lease
agreements for apartment space and equipment. The total monthly rent under the
month-to-month agreements is approximately $12,300.
Future minimum lease payments required under the noncancelable
operating leases are as follows:
Year ending December 31:
1998 $ 427,806
1999 214,336
--------------
$ 642,142
--------------
Rent expense was $489,351 and $615,547 in 1996 and 1997, respectively.
<PAGE>
The present value of future minimum capital lease payments as of
December 31, 1997, is as follows:
Year ending December 31:
1998 $ 937,917
1999 609,927
2000 350,741
--------------
1,898,585
Less amounts representing interest (271,959)
--------------
Present value of net minimum lease payments 1,626,626
Less current obligations under capital leases (784,913)
--------------
Obligations under capital leases,
excluding current maturities $ 841,713
==============
During 1997, the Company sold and leased back various equipment with a
net carrying value of $854,349. The sale leaseback price totaled $979,567, of
which $840,876 was received in cash and the remaining $138,691 was used to
offset accounts payable for fixed assets originally purchased by the Company.
The gain of $125,218 was recorded as unearned income and is being amortized on a
straight line basis over the lease term of three years. As of December 31, 1997,
$119,544 is included as unearned income on the balance sheet.
7. Debt
The Company has a revolving line of credit with a bank for $2,650,000.
The line of credit expires on May 31, 1998. Interest shall accrue on any amounts
outstanding based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus 50 basis
points. The line of credit is guaranteed by SEC. The most restrictive covenant
of the revolving line of credit requires financial statements within 120 days
after year-end. At December 31, 1996 and 1997, there was $2,650,000 outstanding
under this line of credit.
<PAGE>
During 1997, the Company obtained a revolving line of credit with
another bank for $5,000,000. The line of credit is due on demand. Interest shall
accrue on any amounts outstanding based on a floating interest rate attached to
the LIBOR. The line of credit is guaranteed by SEC. At December 31, 1997, there
was $5,000,000 outstanding under this line of credit.
8. Stockholders' equity
On April 16, 1996, the stockholders approved an increase in the total
number of shares of all classes of stock which the Company shall have authority
to issue to 11,028,302 shares, consisting of 7,507,632 shares of common stock,
$.01 par value; 1,265,953 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, $1.00
par value; 1,000,000 shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, $1.00 par
value; and 1,254,717 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, $1.00 par
value. Also on this date, the Company issued 1,254,717 shares of Series C
Convertible Preferred Stock for $6,650,000 to SEC less issuance costs of
$24,530. Simultaneously, the Company issued a contingent warrant to SEC for the
purchase of 500,000 shares of the Company's common stock for $5.30 per share.
The warrant has a ten year term and shall be exercisable only if the Company
conducts an initial public offering of the Company's common stock. If this
contingency is lifted, the Company would then recognize the related cost based
on the fair value of the warrant at its measurement date upon the effective date
of an initial public offering.
Each holder of common and preferred stock is entitled to vote on all
matters presented to the stockholders. Each share of common stock entitles the
holder to one vote, and each share of preferred stock entitles the holder to
vote equal to the number of shares of common stock into which such shares of
preferred stock is convertible. Each share of preferred stock is convertible at
a rate determined by dividing the purchase price of the preferred stock by the
"conversion price." Initially, the "conversion price" will be equal to the
purchase price but is subject to adjustment under the terms of the related
agreements in the event that common stock is issued at prices less than the
applicable "conversion price" in effect. The Series A, Series B, and Series C
Convertible Preferred Stock are not convertible until after December 31, 1997
and are currently convertible into 3,297,266 shares of common stock.
Each share of Series A and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock has a
preference in liquidation of $2.35 per share plus accrued and unpaid dividends
(as and if declared) and participates with common stock in liquidation to the
extent liquidation proceeds exceed the preference amounts. Series C Convertible
Preferred Stock has preference in liquidation of $5.30 per share plus accrued
and unpaid dividends (as and if declared) and participates with common stock in
liquidation to the extent liquidation proceeds exceed the preference amounts.
The Series B and Series C Convertible Preferred Stock have mandatory
redemption features on all outstanding shares which requires the Company to pay
$2.35 and $5.30, respectively, per share adjusted according to the agreement
plus all declared but unpaid dividends on January 1, 2001 and January 1, 2002,
respectively. The Company adjusts the carrying value of the Series B and Series
C Convertible Preferred Stock for periodic accretions, on an annual basis, in
order to increase the carrying value to the redemption value.
As of December 31, 1996 and 1997, the Company has reserved 4,020,670
shares of common stock for issuance upon conversion of the 3,297,266 outstanding
shares of convertible preferred stock and exercise of the 500,000 contingent
common stock purchase warrants. Also, 223,404 shares of common stock have been
reserved as of December 31, 1996 and 1997, for potential exercise of preferred
warrants.
9. Incentive stock plan
During November 1996, the Company adopted the 1996 Incentive Stock Plan
(the Plan), under which incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options,
stock purchases, and restricted share awards may be granted to employees,
directors, officers, and consultants of the Company or any related Corporation.
The purpose of the Plan is to encourage key employees and other individuals who
render services to the Company to participate in the ownership of the Company
and its future growth.
<PAGE>
The Plan is administered by a committee appointed by the Board of
Directors. The options are not transferable and are subject to various
restrictions outlined in the 1996 Plan. The committee determines the number of
options granted to a key employee, officer, director, consultant, or related
Corporation, the vesting period and the exercise price. The exercise price for
non-qualified options, and the purchase price of stock granted in any award or
authorized purchase may be less than the fair value of the common stock of the
Company on the date of grant. The exercise price for incentive-stock options
granted shall not be less than the fair value per share of common stock on the
date of such grant. During the year ended December 31, 1997, the Company
exchanged all options with an exercise price of $3.50 per share for options with
an exercise price of $0.50 per share, the estimated per share value of the
common stock as determined by the Board of Directors.
The committee authorized the Board of Directors to grant options for a
total of 1,819,582 shares of common stock under the Plan. Options granted under
the plan generally vest over a three to four year period and expire ten years
after date of grant.
Stock option activity under the Plan for the years ended December 31,
1996 and 1997 was as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Non- Weighted
Incentive qualified Average
Stock Stock Exercise
Options Options Total Price
---------- --------- ----------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Options outstanding, January 1, 1996 - - - -
Granted 1,082,269 92,000 1,174,269 $3.50
Exercised - - - -
Canceled - - - -
----------- --------- -----------
Options outstanding, December 31, 1996 1,082,269 92,000 1,174,269 $3.50
Granted 1,169,262 71,500 1,240,762 $0.50
Exercised - (7,500) (7,500) $0.50
Canceled (1,082,269) (92,000) (1,174,269) $3.50
----------- --------- -----------
Options outstanding, December 31, 1997 1,169,262 64,000 1,233,262 $0.50
=========== ========= ===========
</TABLE>
At December 31, 1996 and 1997, 293,567 and 489,182 options were
exercisable, respectively. The weighted average fair value of options granted
during the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997, was $1.59 and $0.20,
respectively, based on an option pricing model.
<PAGE>
The Company accounts for its employee stock options under the Plan in
accordance with APB No. 25. Accordingly, no compensation expense has been
recognized for the Plan because the exercise price is equal to the estimated
fair value of the underlying common stock. Had compensation expense been
determined based on the fair value at the grant date for options under the Plan
consistent with SFAS No. 123, the Company's net loss would have been increased
to the pro forma amounts indicated below:
1996 1997
------------- -------------
Net loss
As reported $ (6,041,527) $ (3,384,192)
Pro forma $ (6,506,827) $ (3,450,081)
The fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using a
type of Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average
assumptions used for grants during the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997:
dividend yield of 0%, expected volatility of 0%, risk-free interest rate of
6.93% and 6.38%, respectively and expected term of 9.0 and 8.1 years,
respectively.
As of December 31, 1997, the weighted average remaining contractual
life of the options is 9.6 years.
As of December 31, 1996 and 1997, the pro forma tax effects would
include an increase to the deferred tax asset and the valuation allowance of
$181,467 and $25,380, respectively; therefore, there is no pro forma tax effect
related to SFAS 123.
<PAGE>
10. Income taxes
The tax effect of temporary differences that give rise to significant
portions of the deferred tax asset at December 31, 1996 and 1997, is as follows:
1996 1997
-------------- --------------
Net operating loss carryforward $ 4,282,846 $ 5,464,857
Research and development tax
credit carryforward 103,864 221,460
Other deferred tax assets 56,085 166,845
-------------- --------------
4,442,795 5,853,162
Less valuation allowance (4,442,795) (5,853,162)
-------------- --------------
Net deferred tax asset $ - $ -
============== ==============
At December 31, 1997, net operating loss carryforwards of approximately
$14,725,000 are available for income tax purposes. In connection with the April
16, 1996 preferred stock transaction, a change in ownership occurred for tax
purposes. This change, together with previous changes in ownership which
occurred in 1992 and 1994, resulted in limiting the Company's ability to utilize
net operating losses incurred prior to that date. Approximately $7,317,000 of
the net operating loss carryforward at December 31, 1997 can be used without
limitation during 1998 and later years. The remaining $7,408,000 of the net
operating loss carryforward can be used at a rate of $355,000 per year in 1998
and later years. An unused limitation amount is carried over to the subsequent
year. The net operating losses will expire in varying amounts through the year
2012.
<PAGE>
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management
considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the
deferred tax asset will not be realized. The ultimate realization of the net
deferred tax asset is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income
during the periods in which net operating loss carryforwards are available.
Management considers projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies
which can be implemented by the Company in making this assessment. Based upon
the level of historical taxable income and projections of future taxable income
over the periods in which the net operating loss carryforwards are available to
reduce taxes payable, management has established a valuation allowance equal to
the net deferred tax asset at December 31, 1996 and 1997.
11. Commitments
In June 1996, the Company signed a development and production agreement
with Tellabs, Inc. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, Tellabs is due
$52,000 in refunds as a result of the Company's failure to meet certain
deliverables. In January 1998, both the Company and Tellabs reached a settlement
in which the Company has granted credits against future development work
totaling $50,000. This amount is included in accrued expenses on the balance
sheet as of December 31, 1997.
During 1997, the Company entered into a chip set development agreement
with Ericsson Telecom AB to achieve a product release of two switch chip set
circuits. Upon the sale of the first product release of the switch chip set, the
Company and Ericsson Telecom AB are to share 80% and 20%, respectively, of the
profit on these sales. Sales by the Company to Ericsson Telecom AB are not
subject to the profit sharing arrangement.
<PAGE>
12. Related party transactions
In 1996, the Company entered into Technology Transfer and Joint
Development Agreements with SEC, under which the Company is to receive
$3,500,000 as consideration for contract services performed by the Company. One
of the 1996 contracts requires the Company to pay SEC a royalty of 5% of the
revenue from the sales of the product developed from the contract up to a
maximum of $1,550,000. The Company will then pay a royalty of 2% of revenue from
the sales of the product developed up to a maximum of $1,550,000. There were no
royalties earned or paid to SEC during 1996 and 1997.
The Company has also sold certain of its products to SEC during 1996
and 1997. Of the Company's total net sales in 1996 and 1997, approximately
$3,723,000 and $3,787,000, respectively, were with SEC. Included in accounts
receivable as of December 31, 1996 and 1997 was $917,734 and $963,665,
respectively, representing accounts receivable from product sales and joint
development agreements with SEC. Included in billings in excess of costs and
earnings on contracts-in-progress related to SEC were $965,000 and $0 at
December 31, 1996 and 1997, respectively.
13. Industry and geographic area segment information
The Company's major operations are in contract development work and
product sales. The contract development segment researches and develops
telecommunications technology and related products in the U.S. under long-term
fixed fee contracts. The Company's product sales are generated from various
countries.
<PAGE>
Net sales, operating income (loss), capital expenditures and
depreciation and amortization pertaining to the segments and geographic areas in
which the Company operates are presented below. Net sales over $500,000 from one
country in a given year are disclosed separately. Net sales from all other
countries are grouped as other.
1996 1997
------------- --------------
Industry Segments
-----------------
Net sales:
Contract development $ 2,807,169 $ 3,038,290
Products 3,862,193 9,564,713
------------- --------------
Total net sales $ 6,669,362 $ 12,603,003
------------- --------------
Operating income (loss):
Contract development $ 270,863 $ 2,031,427
Products (6,043,855) (5,007,119)
------------- --------------
Total operating loss $ (5,772,992) $ (2,975,692)
------------- --------------
Capital expenditures:
Contract development $ - $ -
Products 1,215,370 1,607,478
------------- --------------
Total capital expenditures $ 1,215,370 $ 1,607,478
------------- --------------
Depreciation and amortization:
Contract development $ 366,865 $ 101,761
Products 513,399 1,222,394
------------- --------------
Total depreciation and amortization $ 880,264 $ 1,324,155
------------- --------------
Geographic Areas
----------------
Net sales
United States $ 1,524,699 $ 5,021,925
Korea 3,974,858 4,122,033
Canada 67,121 1,421,438
Israel 216,613 780,399
Japan 609,242 571,582
Other 276,829 685,626
------------- --------------
$ 6,669,362 $ 12,603,003
------------- --------------
<PAGE>
14. Subsequent events
Subsequent to year end, SEC has indicated that it would provide or
assist in obtaining sufficient additional funding to enable the company to
continue in operation through March 1, 1999.
15. Sale of the Company
On April 15, 1998, PMC-Sierra, Inc. (PMC) signed a definitive agreement
to purchase the Company at an estimated purchase price of $55 million with
approximately half of the consideration in cash and the remainder in PMC stock
and options. The transaction will be accounted for under the purchase method.
<PAGE>
(b) Proforma financial information
It is impracticable to provide the required financial statements as of
the filing of this report. Registrant expects that pro forma financial
statements required under this item will be filed within 60 days after
the date on which this report is required to be filed.
(c) Exhibits
Exhibit Description
Number
----------- ----------------------------------------------------------
2.1 Agreement and Plan of Reorganization dated as of April 15,
1998 by and among PMC-Sierra, Inc., Integrated Telecom
Technology, Inc., PMC-Sierra (Maryland), Inc. and Samsung
Electronics Co., Ltd.
23.1 Consent of Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P.
----------- ----------------------------------------------------------
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf
by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
PMC-SIERRA, INC.
(Registrant)
Date: June 2, 1998 /s/ JOHN W. SULLIVAN
------------ --------------------
John W. Sullivan
Vice President, Finance
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
<PAGE>
PMC-SIERRA, INC.
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit Description
Number
-------------- ------------------------------------------------------------
2.1 Agreement and Plan of Reorganization dated as of April 15,
1998 by and among PMC-Sierra, Inc., Integrated Telecom
Technology, Inc., PMC-Sierra (Maryland), Inc. and Samsung
Electronics Co., Ltd.
23.1 Consent of Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P.
-------------- ------------------------------------------------------------
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF REORGANIZATION
This AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF REORGANIZATION (the "Agreement") is made and
entered into as of April 15, 1998 by and among PMC-SIERRA, INC., a Delaware
corporation ("Parent"), PMC-SIERRA (Maryland), INC., a Delaware corporation and
a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent ("Sub"), INTEGRATED TELECOM TECHNOLOGY,
INC., a Maryland corporation ("Company"), and solely with respect to Sections
2.6(d), 6.1(b), 6.4, 6.5, 6.16, 7.2 and Article VIII, SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO.,
LTD. ("Major Stockholder"). The parties agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings
indicated below, including the singular, plural, conjunctive and disjunctive
forms of the term.
I.1 "Affiliate" means any Person that directly or indirectly through
one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common
control with the Person specified.
I.2 "Agreement" mean this Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, its
exhibits and the Company Disclosure Letter, including documents to be executed
as of the date hereof, at the Closing or at the Effective Time.
I.3 "Ancillary Agreements" means the Stockholders Agreement.
I.4 "Authorization" means any consent, instrument, order, waiver,
license, concession, permit, grant, franchise, approval or other authorization.
I.5 "Average Closing Price" means the average per share closing price
of Parent Common Stock for the five consecutive days that Parent Common Stock
has traded ending on the trading day immediately before the Closing Date, as
reported on the Nasdaq National Market.
I.6 "Balance Sheet" means as set forth in Section 3.5.
I.7 "Cash Amount" means $16.25 million divided by the number of shares
of Preferred Stock outstanding at the Closing Date as adjusted pursuant to
Section 6.6 hereof; provided that the Cash Amount will be reduced to the extent
necessary in order to qualify the Merger as a reorganization within the meaning
of Section 368 of the Code. If such reduction is required, an appropriate
adjustment will be made to the Preferred Exchange Ratio so that the holders of
Preferred Stock will receive, in lieu of such Cash Amount, an additional number
of shares of Parent Common Stock and cash in lieu of fractional shares having a
value (determined as of the Closing Date) equal to the amount by which the Cash
Amount was reduced.
I.8 "Certificates" means as set forth in Section 2.8.
I.9 "Closing" means the closing of the Merger.
I.10 "Closing Date" means the date upon which the Closing actually
occurs.
I.11 "Code" means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended.
<PAGE>
I.12 "Common Exchange Ratio" means the quotient obtained by dividing
$8.08804 per share of Company Common Stock by the Average Closing Price, as
adjusted pursuant to Section 6.6 hereof.
I.13 "Common Stock Warrant" means as set forth in Section 3.2.
I.14 "Company Capital Stock" means Company Common Stock and Preferred
Stock.
I.15 "Company Common Stock" means all of the issued and outstanding
shares of Common Stock of Company, $0.01 par value per share.
I.16 "Company Disclosure Letter" means as set forth in the preamble to
Article III.
I.17 "Company Financials" means as set forth in Section 3.5.
I.18 "Company Option" means a stock option granted under Company's 1996
Stock Plan.
I.19 "Conflict" means conflict with, violate, or result in any
violation of, breach of or default under (with or without notice or lapse of
time, or both), or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation or
acceleration of any obligation or loss of any benefit under.
I.20 "Contract" means any agreement, commitment, lease, sublease,
license, promissory note, indenture, evidence of indebtedness, or other contract
(whether written or oral) to which a specified Person is a party or by which the
Person's assets are bound.
I.21 "Court Order" means any judgment, order, award or decree of any
foreign, federal, state, local or other court or tribunal and any award in any
arbitration proceeding.
I.22 "Delaware Law" means Delaware General Corporation Law.
I.23 "Dissenting Shares" means as set forth in Section 2.7.
I.24 "Effective Time" means the later time of acceptance by the
Secretary of State of Delaware or the Maryland State Department of Assessments
and Taxation of the Certificate of Merger and Articles of Merger filed with
them, respectively, on the Closing Date.
I.25 "Effectiveness Period" means as set forth in Section 6.11.
I.26 "Encumbrance" means any lien, charge, security interest, mortgage,
pledge, claim, easement, conditional sale or other title retention or other
restriction of a similar kind, and all other easements, encroachments and title
defects of every type and nature, or any conditional sale contract, title
retention contract, or other Contract to give or to refrain from giving any of
the foregoing.
I.27 "Enforceability Exclusions" means bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer or conveyance and similar laws
of general application relating to or affecting creditors' rights and to general
equitable principles, or public policy.
I.28 "Environmental Permits" means as set forth in Section 3.17.
I.29 "ERISA" means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974,
as amended.
I.30 "Escrow Agent" means as set forth in Section 8.2(a).
I.31 "Escrow Amount" means $3.9 million in cash.
<PAGE>
I.32 "Escrow Fund" means as set forth in Section 8.2(a).
I.33 "Escrow Period" means as set forth in Section 8.2(c).
I.34 "Exchange Act" means as set forth in Section 4.4.
I.35 "Exchange Ratio" means the Common Exchange Ratio, Option Exchange
Ratio and Preferred Exchange Ratio.
I.36 "Expiration Date" means as set forth in Section 8.1.
I.37 "GAAP" means United States generally accepted accounting
principles.
I.38 "Governmental Entity" means any court, administrative agency or
commission or other federal, state, county, local or foreign governmental
authority, instrumentality, agency or commission.
I.39 "Hazardous Material" and "Hazardous Materials Activities" means as
set forth in Section 3.17.
I.40 "Holder" means as set forth in Section 6.11.
I.41 "Indemnified Party" means as set forth in Section 6.11.
I.42 "Indemnifying Party" means as set forth in Section 6.11.
I.43 "Intellectual Property" means all patents, trademarks, trade
names, service marks, copyrights, and any applications therefor, maskworks, net
lists, schematics, technology, know-how, computer software programs or
applications (in both source code and object code form), trade secrets, and
tangible or intangible proprietary information or material (excluding packaged
commercially available software programs generally available to the public
through retail dealers in computer software which have been licensed pursuant to
end-user licenses and which are not a component of or incorporated in any of the
products of the specified Person).
I.44 "IRS" means the United States Internal Revenue Service.
I.45 "Knowledge" means a Person's actual knowledge. The "Knowledge of
Company" includes both actual knowledge and the contents of any written Contract
binding on the Company.
I.46 "Law" means all statutes, laws, ordinances, rules, regulations,
and other pronouncements having the effect of law of the United States, any
state or commonwealth of the United States, any city, county, municipality,
department, commission, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality thereof, or law
of any foreign jurisdiction.
I.47 "Liability" means any liability , indebtedness, obligation,
expense, claim, deficiency, guaranty or endorsement of any type, whether
accrued, absolute, contingent, asserted, unasserted, matured, unmatured or
otherwise.
I.48 "Loss" means any and all losses, Liabilities, damages, claims,
fines, fees, penalties, interest obligations, costs and deficiencies, including
without limitation reasonable attorneys' fees and other expenses of litigation.
I.49 "Maryland Law" means Maryland General Corporation Law.
I.50 "Material Adverse Effect" means a material adverse effect on the
business as now conducted, assets (including intangible assets), financial
condition or results of operations.
I.51 "Merger" means the statutory merger of Company with and into Sub.
<PAGE>
I.52 "Multiemployer Plan" means any Pension Plan which is a
"multiemployer plan", as defined in Section 3(37) of ERISA.
I.53 "Officer's Certificate" means as set forth in Section 8.2(e).
I.54 "Option Exchange Ratio" means the quotient obtained by dividing
$8.08804 per share of Company Common Stock by the Average Closing Price, as
adjusted pursuant to Section 6.6 hereof.
I.55 "Parent Common Stock" means shares of voting Common Stock of
Parent, $0.01 par value per share.
I.56 "Parent Financial Statements" means as set forth in Section 4.4.
I.57 "Parent Reports" means as set forth in Section 4.4
I.58 "Pension Plan" refers to each Company Employee Plan which is an
"employee pension benefit plan", within the meaning of Section 3(2) of ERISA.
I.59 "Permitted Encumbrances" means (a) liens for current taxes and
other governmental charges and assessments which are not yet due and payable or
being contested in good faith, (b) liens of landlords and liens of carriers,
warehousemen, workmen, repairmen, customer, employee, mechanics and materialmen
and other like liens arising in the ordinary course of business for sums not yet
due and payable, and (c) zoning restrictions, easements, licenses, imperfections
of title, other restrictions on use of real property and other encumbrances
which do not materially detract from the value or impair the existing use of the
real property subject thereto or the operations of Company or the business of
Company.
I.60 "Person" means any natural person, corporation, partnership, joint
ventures, union association, court, agency, governmental, tribunal,
instrumentally, commission, arbitrator, board, bureau, or other entity or
authority.
I.61 "Preferred Exchange Ratio" means the quotient obtained by dividing
$4.45749 per share of Preferred Stock by the Average Closing Price, as adjusted
pursuant to Section 6.6 hereof.
I.62 "Preferred Stock" means all of the issued and outstanding shares
of Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred
Stock of Company, $1.00 par value per share.
I.63 "Preferred Warrant" means all outstanding warrants to purchase
shares of Preferred Stock.
I.64 "Registrable Shares" and "Registration Statement" means as set
forth in Section 6.11.
I.65 "Return" or "Returns" means all federal, state, local and foreign
returns, estimates, information statements and reports relating to Taxes.
I.66 "SEC" means as set forth in Section 4.4.
I.67 "Securities Act" means the United States Securities Act of 1933,
as amended.
I.68 "Securityholder Agent" means as set forth in Section 8.2(h).
I.69 "Sell" or "Sold" means to sell, assign, transfer, convey,
encumber, exchange, pledge, license all or substantially all of an interest in a
specified asset or right, or otherwise dispose of.
I.70 "Stockholders Agreement" means as set forth in Section 6.1.
I.71 "Subsidiary" means as set forth in Section 3.3.
<PAGE>
I.72 "Surviving Corporation" means Sub as the surviving corporation
after the Merger.
I.73 "Suspension Right" means as set forth in Section 6.11.
I.74 "Tax" or "Taxes" means any and all federal, state, local and
foreign taxes imposed by a taxing authority, including taxes based upon or
measured by gross receipts, income, profits, sales, use and occupation, and
value added, ad valorem, transfer, franchise, withholding, payroll, recapture,
employment, excise and property taxes, together with all interest, penalties and
additions imposed with respect to such amounts and any obligations under any
agreements or arrangements with any other Person with respect to such amounts
and including any liability for taxes of a predecessor entity.
I.75 "Third Party Expenses" means as set forth in Section 6.6.
I.76 "Violation" means as set forth in Section 6.11.
I.77 "Warrant Share Price" means $1,571,828 divided by the number of
shares of Preferred Stock issuable upon exercise of warrants to purchase
Preferred Stock, as adjusted pursuant to Section 6.6 hereof.
ARTICLE II
THE MERGER
II.1 The Merger. At the Effective Time, subject to the terms and
conditions of this Agreement and the applicable provisions of Delaware Law and
Maryland Law, Company shall be merged with and into Sub, the separate corporate
existence of Company shall cease and Sub shall continue as the surviving
corporation and as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent.
II.2 Effective Time. Unless this Agreement is earlier terminated
pursuant to Section 9.1, the Closing will take place as promptly as practicable,
but no later than five business days following satisfaction or waiver of the
conditions set forth in Article VII, at the offices of Wilson Sonsini Goodrich &
Rosati, 650 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, California, unless another place or time
is agreed to in writing by Parent and Company. On the Closing Date, the parties
hereto shall cause the Merger to be consummated by filing a Certificate of
Merger and Articles of Merger (or like instruments) with the Secretary of State
of the State of Delaware and the Maryland State Department of Assessments and
Taxation, respectively, in accordance with the relevant provisions of applicable
law.
II.3 Effect of the Merger. At the Effective Time, the effect of the
Merger shall be as provided in the applicable provisions of Delaware Law and
Maryland Law. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and subject
thereto, at the Effective Time, all the property, rights, privileges, powers and
franchises of Company and Sub shall vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all
debts, liabilities and duties of Company and Sub shall become the debts,
liabilities and duties of the Surviving Corporation, except for Third Party
Expenses which will be paid as set forth in Section 6.6.
II.4 Certificate of Incorporation; Bylaws.
(a) Unless otherwise determined by Parent prior to the
Effective Time, at the Effective Time, the Certificate of Incorporation of Sub,
as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall be the Certificate
of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter amended as
provided by law and such Certificate of Incorporation.
(b) The Bylaws of Sub, as in effect immediately prior to the
Effective Time, shall be the Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation until
thereafter amended.
<PAGE>
II.5 Directors and Officers. The directors of Sub immediately prior
to the Effective Time shall be the initial directors of the Surviving
Corporation, each to hold office in accordance with the Certificate of
Incorporation and Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation. The officers of Sub
immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the initial officers of the
Surviving Corporation, each to hold office in accordance with the Bylaws of the
Surviving Corporation.
II.6 Effect on Capital Stock. Subject to the terms and conditions of
this Agreement, at the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any
action on the part of Sub, Company or the holders of any shares of Company
Capital Stock or capital stock of Sub, the following shall occur:
(a) Preferred Stock. Each share of Preferred Stock issued and
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than any Dissenting
Shares) will be canceled and extinguished and be converted automatically into
the right to receive, upon surrender of the certificate representing such shares
of Preferred Stock in the manner provided in Section 2.8, the Cash Amount and a
fraction of a fully paid and nonassessable share of Parent Common Stock equal to
the Preferred Exchange Ratio.
All such shares of Preferred Stock, when so converted, shall
no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be canceled and retired and
shall cease to exist, and each holder of a certificate representing any such
shares shall cease to have any rights with respect thereto, except the right to
receive the Cash Amount and shares of Parent Common Stock.
(b) Company Common Stock. Each share of Company Common Stock
issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than any
Dissenting Shares) will be canceled and extinguished and be converted
automatically into the right to receive, upon surrender of the certificate
representing such shares of Company Common Stock in the manner provided in
Section 2.8, a fraction of a fully paid and nonassessable share of Parent Common
Stock equal to the Common Exchange Ratio. All such shares of Company Common
Stock, when so converted, shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically
be canceled and retired and shall cease to exist, and each holder of a
certificate representing any such shares shall cease to have any rights with
respect thereto, except the right to receive shares of Parent Common Stock.
(c) Company Options. At the Effective Time, each then
outstanding Company Option, whether or not then vested and exercisable (and not
yet exercised), will be, in connection with the Merger, substituted by Parent as
described below.
(i) Each Company Option substituted by Parent shall
have, and be subject to, the terms and conditions set forth in Parent's 1998
PMC-Sierra (Maryland), Inc. Stock Plan, and (A) such Company Option shall be
exercisable for that number of whole shares of Parent Common Stock equal to the
product of the number of shares of Company Common Stock that were issuable upon
exercise of such Company Option immediately before the Effective Time
(regardless of whether or not such options have vested) multiplied by the Common
Exchange Ratio, rounded down to the nearest whole number of shares of Parent
Common Stock, and (B) the per share exercise price for the shares of Parent
Common Stock issuable upon exercise of such assumed Company Option shall be
equal to the quotient determined by dividing the exercise price per share of
Company Common Stock at which such Company Option was exercisable immediately
before the Effective Time by the Common Exchange Ratio, rounded up to the
nearest whole cent.
(ii) It is the intention of the parties that Company
Options substituted by Parent qualify following the Effective Time as incentive
stock options as defined in Section 422 of the Code to the extent the Company
Options qualified as incentive stock options immediately prior to the Effective
Time. Parent shall use commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that the terms
of Company Options substituted by Parent will not contain any provisions that
constitute an "additional benefit" within the meaning of Section 424(h)(3) of
the Code.
(iii) Promptly after the Effective Time, Parent will
issue to each holder of an outstanding Company Option a document evidencing the
foregoing substitution of such Company Option by Parent.
<PAGE>
(d) Warrants.
(i) At the Effective Time, each warrant to purchase
Preferred Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time,
will be canceled and extinguished and be converted automatically into the right
to receive, upon surrender of such warrant for cancellation to Parent or to
agent or agents as may be appointed by Parent, a cash amount equal to the
Warrant Share Price multiplied by the number of shares of Preferred Stock
issuable upon exercise of such Warrant. Such warrant, when so converted, shall
no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be canceled and retired and
shall cease to exist, and each holder of such warrant shall cease to have any
rights with respect thereto, except the right to receive the Warrant Share Price
multiplied by the number of shares of Preferred Stock issuable upon exercise of
such Warrant.
(ii) At the Effective Time, the Common Stock Warrant
shall automatically be canceled and retired and shall cease to exist, and the
holder of such Common Stock Warrant shall cease to have any rights with respect
thereto. No cash shall be paid and no Parent Common Stock shall be issuable in
respect of such Common Stock Warrant.
(e) Capital Stock of Sub. Each share of Common Stock of Sub
issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall remain
unchanged.
(f) Adjustments to Cash Amount and Exchange Ratio. No
adjustment shall be made in the Cash Amount or Exchange Ratio as a result of any
cash proceeds received by Company from the date hereof to the Effective Time
pursuant to the exercise of options, warrants or other rights to acquire Company
Common Stock. The Exchange Ratio shall be adjusted to reflect fully the effect
of any stock split, reverse split, stock dividend (including any dividend or
distribution of securities convertible into Parent Common Stock or Company
Capital Stock), reorganization, recapitalization or other like change with
respect to Parent Common Stock or Company Capital Stock occurring after the date
hereof and prior to the Effective Time. Adjustments, if any, to the Cash Amount,
Warrant Share Price and Exchange Ratios shall be made as set forth in Section
6.6 hereof.
II.7 Dissenting Shares.
(a) Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the
contrary but subject to Subsection (b) below, any shares of Company Capital
Stock held by a holder who has exercised and perfected appraisal or dissenters'
rights for such shares in accordance with Maryland Law and who, as of the
Effective Time, has not effectively withdrawn or lost such appraisal rights
("Dissenting Shares"), shall not be converted into or represent a right to
receive the Cash Amount and/or Parent Common Stock pursuant to Section 2.6, but
the holder thereof shall only be entitled to such rights as are granted by
Maryland Law.
(b) If any holder of Dissenting Shares shall effectively
withdraw or lose (through failure to perfect or otherwise) the right to
appraisal or dissenters' rights, then, as of the later of the Effective Time or
the occurrence of such event, such holder's shares shall automatically be
converted into and represent only the right to receive the Cash Amount and/or
Parent Common Stock plus cash in lieu of fractional shares as provided in
Section 2.6 upon surrender of the certificate representing such shares, subject
to the conditions set forth below and throughout this Agreement.
(c) Company shall give Parent and Securityholder Agent (i)
prompt notice of any written demand for appraisal of any shares of Company
Capital Stock, withdrawals of such demand, and any other instruments served
pursuant to Maryland Law and received by Company, and (ii) the opportunity to
participate in all negotiations and proceedings with respect to such demands.
Company shall not, except with the prior written consent of Parent, voluntarily
make any payment with respect to any such demands or offer to settle or settle
any such demands.
(d) To the extent that Parent or Company makes any payment or
payments in respect of any Dissenting Shares (which payments, after the
Effective Time, shall not be made by Parent without the consent of
Securityholder Agent, which consent may not be unreasonably withheld), Parent
shall be entitled to recover under the terms of Article VIII hereof the
aggregate amount by which such payment or payments exceed the value of the
consideration that otherwise would have been payable in respect of such shares
in connection with the Merger. The $250,000 "deductible" in Section 8.2 shall
not apply to Parent's right to recover these amounts.
<PAGE>
II.8 Surrender of Certificates.
(a) Exchange Procedures. Promptly after the Effective Time,
the Surviving Corporation shall cause to be mailed to each holder of record of a
certificate or certificates which immediately prior to the Effective Time
represented outstanding shares of Preferred Stock or Company Common Stock, which
shares were converted into the right to receive the Cash Amount and/or Parent
Common Stock pursuant to Section 2.6 above (such certificates being hereinafter
collectively referred to as the "Certificates"), (x) a letter of transmittal
(which shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title
to the Certificates shall pass, only upon delivery of the Certificates to Parent
and shall be in such form and have such other provisions as Parent may
reasonably specify), (y) a Stockholders Agreement in the form attached hereto as
Exhibit A (the "Stockholders Agreement"), and (z) instructions for use in
effecting the surrender of the Certificates in exchange for the Cash Amount
and/or certificates representing shares of Parent Common Stock. Upon surrender
of a Certificate for cancellation to Parent or to such agent or agents as may be
appointed by Parent, together with such letter of transmittal and, if not
previously delivered, a Stockholders Agreement, duly completed and validly
executed in accordance with the instructions thereto:
(i) the holder of such Certificate representing
Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor the Cash
Amount (less the amount of cash to be deposited in the Escrow Fund on such
holder's behalf pursuant to Article VIII hereof) and a certificate representing
the number of whole shares of Parent Common Stock plus cash in lieu of
fractional shares, to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.6, and
the Certificate so surrendered shall forthwith be canceled,
(ii) the holder of such Certificate representing
Company Common Stock shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor a
certificate representing the number of whole shares of Parent Common Stock plus
cash in lieu of fractional shares, to which such holder is entitled pursuant to
Section 2.6, and the Certificate so surrendered shall forthwith be canceled, and
(iii) until so surrendered, each outstanding
Certificate that, prior to the Effective Time, represented shares of Company
Capital Stock, will be deemed from and after the Effective Time, for all
corporate purposes, other than payment of dividends, to evidence only the right
to receive the Cash Amount in respect of each such share (subject to the escrow
provisions in Article VIII) and/or the ownership of the number of whole shares
of Parent Common Stock into which such shares of Company Capital Stock shall
have been so converted and the right to receive cash in lieu of fractional
shares pursuant to Section 2.6.
(b) Escrow Deposit. As soon as practicable after the Effective
Time, and subject to and in accordance with the provisions of Article VIII
hereof, Parent shall cause to be distributed to the Escrow Agent the Escrow
Amount in cash. Such cash shall be beneficially owned by the Major Stockholder
and shall be available to compensate Parent as provided in Article VIII.
(c) Transfers of Ownership. If any payment is to be made or
any certificate for shares of Parent Common Stock is to be issued to a person
other than the holder in whose name the Certificate surrendered in exchange
therefor is registered, it will be a condition of the payment and/or issuance
thereof that the Certificate so surrendered will be properly endorsed and
accompanied by all documents required to evidence and effect such transfer and
otherwise in proper form for transfer, and that the person requesting such
exchange will have paid to Parent or any agent designated by it any transfer or
other taxes required by reason of the issuance of a certificate for shares of
Parent Common Stock in any name other than that of the registered holder of the
Certificate surrendered, or established to the satisfaction of Parent or any
agent designated by it that such tax has been paid or is not payable.
(d) Distributions With Respect to Unexchanged Shares. No
dividends or other distributions with respect to Parent Common Stock declared or
made after the Effective Time and with a record date after the Effective Time
will be paid to the holder of any unsurrendered Certificate with respect to the
shares of Parent Common Stock represented thereby until the holder of record of
such Certificate shall surrender such Certificate. Subject to applicable law,
following surrender of any such Certificate, there shall be paid to the record
holder of the certificates representing whole shares of Parent Common Stock
issued in exchange therefor, without interest, at the time of such surrender,
the amount of dividends or other distributions with a record date after the
Effective Time theretofore payable with respect to such whole shares of Parent
Common Stock.
<PAGE>
(e) No Liability. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in
this Section, none of Parent, the Surviving Corporation or any party hereto
shall be liable to a holder of shares of Parent Common Stock or Company Capital
Stock for any amount properly paid to a public official pursuant to any
applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar law.
(f) Payments With Respect to Unexchanged Shares; No Fractional
Shares. No interest on the Cash Amount payable at or after the Effective Time
shall be paid. No fraction of a share of Parent Common Stock will be issued, but
in lieu thereof, each holder of shares of Company Capital Stock who would
otherwise be entitled to a fraction of a share of Parent Common Stock (after
aggregating all fractional shares of Parent Common Stock to be received by such
holder) shall be entitled to receive from Parent an amount of cash (rounded to
the nearest whole cent) equal to the product of such fraction multiplied by the
Average Closing Price.
II.9 No Further Ownership Rights in Company Capital Stock. All amounts
paid, and all shares of Parent Common Stock issued, upon the surrender for
exchange of shares of Company Capital Stock in accordance with the terms hereof
shall be deemed to have been issued in full satisfaction of all rights
pertaining to such shares of Company Capital Stock. There shall be no further
registration of transfers on the records of the Surviving Corporation of shares
of Company Capital Stock which were outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time. If, after the Effective Time, Certificates are presented to the
Surviving Corporation for any reason, they shall be canceled and exchanged as
provided in Section 2.6.
II.10 Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. In the event any
certificates evidencing shares of Company Capital Stock shall have been lost,
stolen or destroyed, Parent shall make payment in exchange for such lost, stolen
or destroyed certificates, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the
holder thereof, of such Cash Amount and/or such shares of Parent Common Stock
plus cash in lieu of fractional shares, if any, as may be required pursuant to
Section 2.6; provided that Parent may, in its sole discretion and as a condition
precedent to such payment or issuance, require the owner of such lost, stolen or
destroyed certificates to deliver an agreement (in form and substance
satisfactory to Parent) to indemnify Parent against any claim that may be made
against Parent with respect to the certificates alleged to have been lost,
stolen or destroyed.
II.11 Tax and Accounting Treatment. It is intended by the parties
hereto that the Merger will qualify as a reorganization within the meaning of
Section 368 of the Code, and will be treated as a "purchase" for financial
accounting purposes. No party to this Agreement shall take any action which
would prevent the Merger as contemplated by this Agreement from qualifying as a
reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code, or take any
action that would be inconsistent with such treatment.
II.12 Taking of Necessary Action; Further Action. If, at any time after
the Effective Time, any further action is necessary or desirable to carry out
the purposes of this Agreement and to vest the Surviving Corporation with full
right, title and possession to all assets, property, rights, privileges, powers
and franchises of Company or to vest Parent with a 100% ownership interest in
the Surviving Corporation, the officers and directors of Company and Sub are
fully authorized in the name of their respective corporations or otherwise to
take, and will take, all such lawful and necessary or desirable action so long
as such action is consistent with this Agreement.
<PAGE>
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF COMPANY
Company represents and warrants to Parent and Sub, subject to such
exceptions as are specifically disclosed in the disclosure letter provided by
the Company to Parent (the "Company Disclosure Letter"), as follows:
III.1 Organization.
(a) Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing
and in good standing under the laws of the State of Maryland. Company has the
corporate power and authority to own or lease, and to operate or use its
properties, and to carry on its business as of the date hereof. Company is duly
qualified to do business as a foreign corporation and is in good standing as a
foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or
ownership or leasing of properties makes such qualification or licensing
necessary, each such jurisdiction listed in Section 3.1 of the Company
Disclosure Letter, except where failure to be so qualified would not have a
Material Adverse Effect on Company.
(b) True and complete copies of Company's Articles of
Incorporation and Bylaws, each as amended to date, and of the minutes of the
proceedings of its board of directors, committees thereof and stockholders, have
been delivered to Parent. The minute books of Company made available to counsel
for Parent are the only minute books of Company and contain a reasonably
accurate summary of all material actions taken at all meetings of directors (or
committees thereof) and stockholders or actions by written consent since the
time of incorporation of Company.
III.2 Capital Structure.
(a) The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of
(i) 7,507,632 shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of which
455,282 shares are issued and outstanding and 500,000 shares of Company Common
Stock are reserved for issuance upon exercise of a warrant to purchase shares of
Company Common Stock (the "Common Stock Warrant"), and (ii) 3,520,670 shares of
Preferred Stock, $1.00 par value per share, 1,265,953 shares of which are
designated as Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, of which 1,042,549 shares
are issued and outstanding and 223,404 shares are reserved for issuance upon
exercise of a warrant to purchase Series A Preferred Stock; 1,000,000 shares of
which are designated Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, of which 1,000,000
shares are issued and outstanding; and 1,254,717 shares of which are designated
Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, of which 1,254,717 shares are issued and
outstanding. Company Capital Stock is held by the Persons and in the amounts set
forth on Section 3.2 of the Company Disclosure Letter. At the time of the
Closing, Section 3.2 shall have been appropriately adjusted to reflect stock
repurchases and exercises from the date hereof of options and warrants
outstanding on the date hereof as provided in paragraph (c), provided that such
repurchase or exercise shall be made only in accordance with the provisions of
Section 5.1.
(b) All outstanding shares of Company Capital Stock are duly
authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, not subject to
preemptive rights created by statute, the Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws of
Company or any Contract, and not subject to rights of first refusal or other
similar rights relating to Company's Capital Stock. All issuances of equity
securities of Company were issued in compliance with applicable federal and
state securities laws. There are no voting trusts or other arrangements or
understandings with respect to the voting, or giving of written consent with
respect to, any Company Capital Stock, other than agreements entered into in
connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Company has not
granted or agreed to grant any registration rights, including piggyback rights,
to any Person. Except for the Company Options and the warrants and other
arrangements described in Section 3.2 of the Company Disclosure Letter, there
are no agreements, arrangements, options, warrants, calls or other rights,
written or oral, relating to the issuance, Sale, purchase or redemption of any
shares of Company Capital Stock. As a result of the Merger, Parent will be the
record and beneficial owner of all outstanding Company Capital Stock and rights
to acquire Company Capital Stock.
(c) The Company has reserved 1,819,582 shares of Company
Common Stock for issuance to employees, directors and consultants pursuant to
Company's 1996 Stock Plan, of which 1,219,710 shares are subject to outstanding
unexercised options and 525,008 shares remain available for future grant.
Section 3.2 of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth for each outstanding
Company Option, the name of the holder of such option, the number of shares of
Common Stock subject to such option, the exercise price of such option and the
vesting schedule for such option, including the extent vested to date. All
Company Options have been issued in accordance with the terms of Company's 1996
Stock Plan and pursuant to the standard forms of option agreement previously
provided to Parent. Neither the Merger, the consummation of transactions
contemplated by this Agreement nor any action taken by Company in connection
with such transactions, will result in (i) any acceleration of vesting in favor
of any optionee under any Company Option; or (ii) any additional benefits for
any optionee under any Company Option.
<PAGE>
III.3 Subsidiaries. Other than Integrated Telecom Technology, Inc. (the
"Subsidiary"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Company incorporated in the State of
Delaware which has had no operations, Company does not, directly or indirectly
(i) own, of record or beneficially, any equity interests in any Person, or (ii)
control any Person.
III.4 Authority; Conflicts.
(a) Subject only to the requisite approval of the Merger and
this Agreement by the Company's stockholders, Company has all requisite
corporate power and authority to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement and
to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. The execution, delivery and
performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby have been duly authorized and approved by Company's Board of
Directors, and no other corporate action is necessary on the part of Company
except for the requisite approval by Company's stockholders. Under applicable
law and the Company's charter documents, the vote of the stockholders of the
Company who will have executed and delivered to Parent as of the Closing a
Stockholders Agreement is sufficient for all corporate purposes to authorize the
Merger, this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby. This Agreement
has been duly executed and delivered by Company and constitutes the valid and
binding obligations of Company, enforceable in accordance with their terms
subject to Enforceability Exclusions.
(b) Except as set forth in Section 3.4 of the Company
Disclosure Letter and subject only to the approval of the Merger and this
Agreement by the Company's stockholders, the execution, delivery and performance
of this Agreement by Company does not, and, as of the Effective Time, the
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, and compliance with or
fulfillment of the terms, conditions and provisions hereof, will not:
(i) Conflict with any provision of the Articles of
Incorporation or Bylaws of Company, as amended, or Contract, Authorization,
Court Order or Law applicable to Company or its properties or assets, other than
Conflicts which would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company; or
(ii) require the Authorization of, or registration,
declaration or filing with, any Governmental Entity or any third party (so as
not to trigger any Conflict), by or with respect to Company in connection with
the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereby, except for (A) the filing of the Certificate
of Merger and Articles of Merger with the Delaware Secretary of State and
Maryland State Department of Assessments and Taxation, respectively, (B) such
Authorizations, registrations, declarations and filings as may be required under
applicable federal and state securities laws, (C) such filings as may be
required under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as
amended (the "HSR Act"), (D) such other Authorizations, registrations,
declarations and filings which if not obtained or made would not have a material
adverse effect on the ability of the Company to consummate the transactions
contemplated hereby, and (E) such Authorizations, filings and registrations
which are set forth on Section 3.4 of the Company Disclosure Letter.
III.5 Financial Statements. Section 3.5 of the Company Disclosure
Letter sets forth Company's audited balance sheet as of December 31, 1997, 1996
and 1995 and the related audited statements of operations and cash flow for the
twelve-month periods then ended, Company's unaudited balance sheet as of
February 28, 1998 (the "Balance Sheet") and the related unaudited statements of
operations for the two-month period then ended (collectively, "Company
Financials"). The Company Financials have been prepared in accordance with GAAP
applied on a basis consistent throughout the periods indicated and consistent
with each other (except that the unaudited interim financial statements do not
contain all of the required footnotes and are subject to normal recurring
year-end adjustments, which adjustments will not, to the Company's Knowledge, be
material in amount or effect when taken as a whole). The Company Financials
present fairly the financial condition and operating results of Company as of
the dates and during the periods indicated therein, subject to normal year-end
adjustments, which will not, to the Company's Knowledge, be material in amount
when taken as a whole.
III.6 No Undisclosed Liabilities. Except for obligations incurred in
the ordinary course of business which are not material and not required under
GAAP to be set forth or reflected on a balance sheet or the notes thereto, to
its Knowledge, the Company does not have any Liability which, individually or in
the aggregate, (i) has not been reflected in the Balance Sheet, or (ii) has not
been specifically and in reasonable detail described in this Agreement or in the
Company Disclosure Letter, or (iii) has not arisen in the ordinary course of
Company's business since the Balance Sheet date.
<PAGE>
III.7 No Changes. Since the date of the Balance Sheet, there has not
been, occurred or arisen any:
(a) transaction (including acquisition, sale, lease, license
or other disposal of any assets or properties of Company) by, or, to the
Company's Knowledge, Liability of, Company except in the ordinary course of
business as conducted on that date and consistent with past practices;
(b) capital expenditure or commitment by Company for a capital
expenditure, either individually or in the aggregate, exceeding $75,000;
(c) labor trouble, other than routine individual grievances,
or claim of wrongful discharge of which the Company has received written notice
or of which the Company is aware or other unlawful labor practice or action;
(d) change in accounting methods or practices by Company;
(e) revaluation by Company of any of its assets other than
depreciation as required by GAAP and reflected on the unaudited balance sheet of
February 28, 1998;
(f) declaration, setting aside or payment of a dividend or
other distribution with respect to the capital stock of Company, or any direct
or indirect redemption, purchase or other acquisition by Company of any of its
capital stock (or options, warrants or other rights exercisable therefor);
(g) destruction of or damage to any material assets, or loss
of any business or customer of Company (whether or not covered by insurance)
which has had or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect
on Company;
(h) increase in the salary or other compensation payable or to
become payable by Company to any of its directors, employees or advisors, or the
declaration, payment or commitment or obligation of any kind for the payment, by
Company, of a bonus or other additional salary or compensation to any such
person (except as otherwise contemplated by this Agreement), other than normal
course of business salary increases in connection with ongoing annual reviews or
promotions and consistent with past practices (none of which exceeds 10% of the
previous year's salary);
(i) signing, material amendment, failure to renew or
termination of any material Contract (including without limitation licenses and
insurance policies), except in the ordinary course of business as conducted on
that date and consistent with past practices or as contemplated by this
Agreement.
(j) loan by Company to any Person (other than expense advances
to employees, all of which are immaterial in amount and are issued in the normal
course of business and consistent with past practices), incurring or
guaranteeing by Company of any indebtedness other than trade debt in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practices, issuance or sale of
any debt securities of Company or guaranteeing of any debt securities of others;
(k) waiver, release, discharge, settlement or satisfaction of
any material right of Company, including any write down of value of inventory,
write-off of notes or accounts receivables or other compromise of any account
receivable of Company, other than in the ordinary course of business and
consistent with past practices and those contemplated by this Agreement;
(l) commencement, notice or, to the Company's Knowledge,
threat of commencement of any lawsuit or proceeding against or investigation of
Company or its affairs;
(m) notice of any claim of ownership by a third party of
Company's Intellectual Property or of infringement by Company of any third
party's Intellectual Property;
<PAGE>
(n) issuance, authorization for issuance or sale by Company of
any of its shares of capital stock, or securities exchangeable, convertible or
exercisable therefor, or of any other securities in respect of, in lieu of or in
substitution for shares of capital stock of Company, except for issuances or
sales as a result of exercises of outstanding stock options granted under
Company's 1996 Stock Plan or other rights previously granted to purchase shares
of Company Capital Stock, provided that such options and other rights and the
related exercisability rights are included among the options and rights
specified in paragraph 3.2 above or Section 3.2 of the Company Disclosure
Letter, or split, combination or reclassification of any of its capital stock;
(o) material change in pricing or royalties set or charged by
Company or by persons who have licensed Intellectual Property to Company, other
than increases or decreases based upon cost and volume changes in the ordinary
course of business and consistent with past practice;
(p) creation, voluntarily or involuntarily, of any Encumbrance
upon any of Company's assets or properties, except for Permitted Encumbrances;
(q) accelerated collection of Company's accounts receivable,
deferment or payment of Company's accounts payable, or prepayment of any
obligation, other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice;
(r) to the Company's Knowledge, any event or condition of any
character that has had or could be reasonably expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect on Company;
(s) amendments or changes to the Articles of Incorporation or
Bylaws of Company, except as contemplated under this Agreement; or
(t) action which would allow Major Stockholder to be released
from the guarantees or other assurances it gave banks in connection with
Company's credit lines and debts, or which would use Company's cash to repay
such debts, other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice.
(u) negotiation or agreement by Company or any employees
thereof to do any of the things described in the preceding clauses (a) through
(t) (other than negotiations with Parent and its representatives regarding the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement).
III.8 Tax and Other Returns and Reports.
(a) Company has filed all required Returns and such Returns
are true and correct in all material respects.
(b) Company has (i) paid all Taxes due or has adequately
reserved for such Taxes, whether or not shown on Returns (including any
liabilities resulting from delinquent tax payments or filings) on its Financial
Statements in accordance with GAAP, and (ii) withheld with respect to its
employees all federal and state income taxes, FICA, FUTA and other Taxes
required to be withheld other than any Taxes to be paid by such employees as a
result of the receipt of consideration pursuant to Section 2.6.
(c) There is no Tax deficiency outstanding, assessed, or to
the Company's Knowledge proposed, against Company, nor has Company executed any
waiver of any statute of limitations on or extending the period for the
assessment or collection of any Tax.
(d) To the Company's Knowledge, no audit or other examination
of any Return of Company is presently in progress nor has Company been notified
of any request for such an audit or other examination.
(e) Company does not have any material Liabilities for unpaid
federal, state, local and foreign Taxes due and payable as of the date of the
Balance Sheet which have not been accrued or reserved against on the Balance
Sheet in accordance with GAAP.
<PAGE>
(f) Company has provided to Parent or its legal counsel copies
of all federal and state income and all state sales and use Returns filed for
fiscal years 1995, 1996 and 1997.
(g) There are no Encumbrances on the assets of Company
relating to or attributable to Taxes other than Encumbrances for Taxes not yet
due and payable.
(h) None of Company's assets are treated as "tax-exempt use
property" within the meaning of Section 168(h) of the Code.
(i) As of the Effective Time, there will not be any Contract,
plan or arrangement covering any employee or former employee of Company that,
individually or collectively, could give rise to the payment of any amount that
would not be deductible pursuant to Section 280G of the Code as a result of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(j) Company has not filed any consent agreement under Section
341(f) of the Code or agreed to have Section 341(f)(2) of the Code apply to any
disposition of a subsection (f) asset (as defined in Section 341(f)(4) of the
Code) owned by Company.
(k) Company is not a party to a tax sharing or allocation
agreement nor does Company owe any amount under any such agreement.
(l) Company is not, and has not been at any time, a "United
States real property holding corporation" within the meaning of Section
897(c)(2) of the Code.
(m) Company's tax basis in its assets for purposes of
determining its future amortization, depreciation and other federal income tax
deductions is accurately reflected on Company's tax books and records in all
material respects.
III.9 Restrictions on Business Activities. There is no Contract
(noncompete, license or otherwise) or Court Order to which Company is a party or
otherwise binding upon Company which has or reasonably could be expected to have
the effect of materially prohibiting or impairing any business practice of
Company, any acquisition of property (tangible or intangible) by Company or the
conduct of business by Company. Without limiting the foregoing, Company has not
entered into any agreement under which Company is restricted from manufacturing,
producing, assembling, selling, licensing or otherwise distributing any of its
products to any class of customers, in any geographic area, during any period of
time or in any segment of the market.
III.10 Title of Properties; Absence of Liens and Encumbrances;
Condition of Equipment.
(a) Company owns no real property, nor has it ever owned any
real property. Section 3.10 of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth a list
of all real property currently leased or held and operated by Company. All such
current leases are in full force and effect, are valid and effective in
accordance with their respective terms, and there is not with respect to Company
and to the Knowledge of Company, with respect to any other party to such leases,
under any of such leases, any existing default or event of default (or event
which with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute a default), except
where the lack of such validity or effectiveness or the existence of such
default or event of default would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company.
(b) Company has good and valid title to, or, in the case of
leased properties and assets, valid leasehold interests in, all of its tangible
non-real property and assets used or held for use in its business, free and
clear of any Encumbrances, except as reflected in the Company Financials and
except for Permitted Encumbrances. Such properties and assets are (i) listed on
Section 3.10 of the Company Disclosure Letter, except those which are terminable
by Company without penalty on 90 days' or less notice or which provide for
annual payments of less than $50,000, (ii) adequate for the conduct of the
business of Company as being conducted, and (iii) in good operating condition,
subject to normal wear and tear.
<PAGE>
III.11 Intellectual Property.Property
(a) Company owns all right, title and interest in and to (free
and clear of any Encumbrances, except as detailed in the Company Financials and
except for Permitted Encumbrances), or is licensed or otherwise possesses
legally enforceable rights to use, and is not contractually obligated to pay any
compensation to any third party in respect thereof, except pursuant to such
agreements set forth on, or as described in, Section 3.11 of the Company
Disclosure Letter, the Intellectual Property that is used in the business of
Company as conducted as of the date hereof.
(b) Section 3.11 of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth a
complete list of all (i) patents, trademarks, registered copyrights, registered
maskworks, trade names and service marks, and any applications therefor in
respect of any of the foregoing, included in the Company Intellectual Property,
and specifies, where applicable, the jurisdictions in which each such Company
Intellectual Property has been issued or registered or in which an application
for such issuance and registration has been filed, including the names of all
registered owners, (ii) material licenses, sublicenses and other Contracts as to
which Company is a party and pursuant to which Company or any other person is
authorized by Company to use any of the Intellectual Property of Company. All
registered patents, trademarks, service marks and copyrights held by Company are
valid and subsisting. All such licenses, sublicenses and Contracts are in full
force and effect, and Company is not in material violation thereof, and, to the
Knowledge of Company, no party to any of such licenses, sublicenses or Contracts
is in material violation thereof. The execution, delivery and performance of
this Agreement by Company, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated
hereby, will not (i) entitle any other party to any such license, sublicense or
Contract to terminate or modify such license, sublicense or Contract, or (ii)
require Company to repay any funds already received by it from a third party.
(c) No claims with respect to Company's Intellectual Property
have been asserted against the Company, or, to the Knowledge of Company, its
customers in connection with Company's Intellectual Property, nor, to the
Knowledge of the Company, are threatened against the Company, or, to the
Company's Knowledge, its customers in connection with Company's Intellectual
Property, by any Person, nor, to the Company's Knowledge, is there any valid
grounds for any bona fide claims (i) to the effect that the manufacture, sale,
licensing or use of any of the products of Company as now manufactured, sold or
licensed or used, infringes on any Intellectual Property of any third party,
(ii) against the use by Company of any Intellectual Property used in Company's
business as conducted by Company as of the date hereof, or (iii) challenging the
ownership by Company, validity or effectiveness of any of Company's Intellectual
Property. To the Company's Knowledge, there is no material unauthorized use,
infringement or misappropriation of any Company Intellectual Property owned or
exclusively licensed by the Company by any third party, including any employee
or former employee of Company.
(d) Each current and former employee, consultant and
contractor of Company who has, or has had, access to the Company's technology
has executed a proprietary information, invention assignment and confidentiality
agreement substantially in the Company's standard forms, and, to the Company's
Knowledge, such agreements are enforceable against the executing party in
accordance with their terms subject to Enforceability Exclusions.
III.12 Contracts. The Company does not have, is not a party to nor is
it bound by:
(i) any Contract or arrangement that contains any
severance pay or post-employment Liabilities other than as contemplated herein;
(ii) any bonus, deferred compensation, pension,
profit sharing or retirement plans, or any other employee benefit plans or
arrangements;
(iii) any employment, sales or consulting Contract
other than as contemplated herein;
(iv) any agreement or plan, including, without
limitation, any stock option plan, stock appreciation rights plan or stock
purchase plan, any of the benefits of which will be increased, or the vesting of
benefits of which will be accelerated, by the occurrence of any of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or the value of any of the benefits
of which will be calculated on the basis of any of the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement, except as provided herein;
<PAGE>
(v) any fidelity or surety bond or completion bond;
(vi) any Contract of indemnification or guaranty
other than in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past
practices;
(vii) any Contract relating to capital expenditures
and involving future payments in the aggregate in excess of $75,000,
(viii) any Contract relating to the disposition or
acquisition of assets or any interest in any business enterprise, or any
construction contracts, outside the ordinary course of Company's business;
(ix) any material Contract to grant rights to
manufacture, produce, assemble, license, market or sell its products;
(x) any mortgages, indentures, loans or credit
Contracts, security Contracts or other Contracts or instruments relating to the
borrowing of money or extension of credit, including guaranties;
(xi) any purchase order or contract for the purchase
of raw materials involving $75,000 or more, other than purchases in the ordinary
course of business,
(xii) any manufacturing, distribution, marketing or
development Contract, or
(xiii) any other Contract that: (A) involves $75,000
or more, (B) is not cancelable without penalty within thirty days, or (C) is
outside the ordinary course of business and is material to Company.
To the Company's Knowledge, each Contract set forth on the Company Disclosure
Letter is in full force and effect and is not subject to any material default
thereunder by any party obligated to Company pursuant thereto. Company has not
breached, violated or defaulted under, or received notice that it has breached,
violated or defaulted under, any of the material terms or conditions of any
Contract. A complete and correct copy of each Contract, as amended, has been
delivered to Parent. Company has obtained, or will obtain prior to the Effective
Time, all Authorizations as are required in connection with the Merger, except
where the failure to obtain any such Authorizations would not have a Material
Adverse Effect on the Company.
III.13 Business Partners. Section 3.13 of the Company Disclosure Letter
lists (i) customers of Company during the year ended December 31, 1997 who
purchased in excess of $100,000, and specifies the aggregate amounts invoiced to
the customer in the year, (ii) suppliers from which Company purchased in excess
of $100,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997, and (iii) the names and
addresses of all banks and other financial institutions at which Company has an
account, deposit or safe deposit box, together with a list of names of all
persons authorized to draw on such accounts or deposits or to have access to
such boxes. Company has not received any communication indicating that any of
its customers or suppliers in such fiscal year intends to cease doing business
with Company or materially alter the amount of business that it currently
conducts with Company or the nature of its relationship with Company.
III.14 Interested Party Transactions. No officer, director or, to the
Company's Knowledge, stockholder of Company (nor, to the Company's Knowledge,
any ancestor, sibling, descendant or spouse of any of such Persons, or any
trust, partnership or corporation in which any of such persons has an interest),
has, directly or indirectly, an interest in any Contract set forth in Section
3.12 of the Company Disclosure Letter; provided, that passive ownership of no
more than five percent (5%) of the outstanding stock of a corporation that is a
party to any such Contract shall not be deemed an "interest in any Contract" for
purposes of this Section 3.14.
<PAGE>
III.15 Authorizations. Section 3.15 of the Company Disclosure Letter
accurately lists each material Authorization issued to Company by a Governmental
Entity or otherwise. Those Authorizations are all the Authorizations required
for the operation of Company's business as conducted as of the date hereof, or
the holding of interests in any of its properties. All such Authorizations are
in full force and effect and Company has performed all its material obligations
under each such Authorization. To the Company's Knowledge, no event has occurred
or condition or state of facts exists which constitutes or, after notice or
lapse of time or both, would constitute a breach or default under, or which
would allow revocation or termination of, any Authorization, except where the
breach, default, revocation or termination of any such Authorization would not
have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. Company has not received notice
of cancellation, default or any material dispute concerning any Authorization.
No filing by Company or Authorization of any Governmental Entity or otherwise on
Company's behalf, is required to secure the continued validity of such
Authorizations after the Closing.
III.16 Litigation. There is no lawsuit, action, suit, claim, or, to the
Knowledge of Company, investigation by or before any court or Governmental
Entity, or proceeding of any nature (including with respect to the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement), pending or to Company's Knowledge threatened
against Company, its properties or any of its officers or directors in their
capacities as agents of Company (with respect to the operations of Company)
which, separately or in the aggregate, has had or could reasonably be expected
to have a Material Adverse Effect on Company, nor, to the Knowledge of Company,
is there any basis therefor. No Governmental Entity has at any time challenged
or questioned the legal right of Company to manufacture, offer or sell any of
its products in the present manner or style thereof which, separately or in the
aggregate, has had or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect on Company.
III.17 Environmental Matters.
(a) Hazardous Material. Company does not own or operate and
has never owned or operated any underground storage tanks. No amount of any
substance that has been designated by any Governmental Entity or by applicable
federal, state or local law to be radioactive, toxic, hazardous or otherwise a
danger to health or the environment, including, without limitation, PCBs,
asbestos, petroleum, urea-formaldehyde and all substances listed as hazardous
substances pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation,
and Liability Act of 1980, as amended, or defined as a hazardous waste pursuant
to the United States Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, as amended,
and the regulations promulgated pursuant to said laws, (a "Hazardous Material"),
but excluding office and janitorial supplies, are present, as a result of the
deliberate actions of Company, or, to Company's Knowledge, as a result of any
actions of any third party or otherwise, in, on or under any property, including
the land and the improvements, ground water and surface water thereof, that
Company has at any time owned, operated, occupied or leased.
(b) Hazardous Materials Activities. Company has not
transported, stored, used, manufactured, disposed of, released or exposed its
employees or others to Hazardous Materials in violation of any applicable law in
effect on or before the Closing Date, nor has Company disposed of, transported,
sold, or manufactured any product containing a Hazardous Material (collectively
"Hazardous Materials Activities") in violation of any applicable rule,
regulation, treaty or statute promulgated by any Governmental Entity in effect
prior to or as of the date hereof to prohibit, regulate or control Hazardous
Materials or any Hazardous Material Activity.
(c) Permits. Company currently holds all environmental
approvals, permits, licenses, and consents (the "Environmental Permits")
required for the conduct of Company's Hazardous Material Activities and other
businesses of Company as such activities and businesses are currently being
conducted.
(d) Environmental Liabilities. No material action, proceeding,
revocation proceeding, amendment procedure, writ, injunction or claim is
pending, or to Company's Knowledge, threatened concerning any Environmental
Permit, Hazardous Material or any Hazardous Materials Activity of Company.
(e) Capital Expenditures. Company is not aware of any material
capital expenditures which are required in order for it to comply with
Environmental Laws.
<PAGE>
III.18 Brokers' and Finders' Fees; Third Party Expenses. Section 3.18
of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth any Liability Company has incurred
directly or indirectly for brokerage or finders' fees or agents' commissions or
any similar charges, and a reasonable estimate of all Third Party Expenses
expected to be incurred by Company, in connection with the negotiation and
effectuation of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby. A
complete and accurate copy of any engagement letter, contract, and/or agreement
referred to in Section 3.18 of the Company Disclosure Letter has been provided
to Parent, including, without limitation, the engagement letter between the
Company and Broadview Associates LLC ("Broadview") dated as of November 24, 1997
(the "Broadview Letter").
III.19 Employee Benefit Plans. For purposes of this Subsection only:
"Affiliate" means any other person or entity under common
control with Company within the meaning of Section 414 of the Code and the
regulations thereunder.
"Company Employee Plan" refers to any plan, program, policy,
practice, contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for compensation,
severance, termination pay, performance awards, stock or stock-related awards,
fringe benefits or other employee benefits or remuneration of any kind, whether
formal or informal, funded or unfunded and whether or not legally binding,
including without limitation, each "employee benefit plan", within the meaning
of Section 3(3) of ERISA which is or has been maintained, contributed to, or
required to be contributed to, by Company or any Affiliate for the benefit of
any Employee, and pursuant to which Company or any Affiliate has or may have any
material liability, contingent or otherwise.
"DOL" means the United States Department of Labor.
"Employee" means any current, former, or retired employee,
officer, or director of Company or any Affiliate.
"Employee Agreement" refers to each management, employment,
severance, consulting or similar Contract between Company or any Affiliate and
any Employee pursuant to which Company or any Affiliate has or may have any
material Liability, contingent or otherwise.
(a) Schedule. Section 3.19 of the Company Disclosure Letter
contains an accurate and complete list of each Company Employee Plan and each
Employee Agreement. Company does not have any plan or commitment, whether
legally binding or not, to establish any new Company Employee Plan or Employee
Agreement, to modify any Company Employee Plan or Employee Agreement (except to
the extent required by law or to conform any such Company Employee Plan or
Employee Agreement to the requirements of any applicable law, in each case as
previously disclosed to Parent in writing, or as required by this Agreement), or
to enter into any Company Employee Plan or Employee Agreement, nor does it have
any intention or commitment to do any of the foregoing.
(b) Documents. Company has provided to Parent, where available
or applicable, (i) correct and complete copies of all documents embodying or
relating to each Company Employee Plan and each Employee Agreement including all
amendments thereto and written interpretations thereof; (ii) the most recent
annual actuarial valuations, if any, prepared for each Company Employee Plan;
(iii) the two most recent annual reports (Series 5500 and all schedules
thereto), if any, required under ERISA in connection with each Company Employee
Plan or related trust; (iv) if the Company Employee Plan is funded, the most
recent annual and periodic accounting of Company Employee Plan assets; (v) the
most recent summary plan description together with the most recent summary of
material modifications, if any, required under ERISA with respect to each
Company Employee Plan; (vi) all IRS determination letters and rulings relating
to Company Employee Plans and copies of all applications and correspondence to
or from the IRS or DOL with respect to any Company Employee Plan with respect to
any matter as to which Company has or may have material Liability; and (vii) all
communications material to any Employee or Employees relating to any Company
Employee Plan and any proposed Company Employee Plans, in each case, relating to
any amendments, terminations, establishments, increases or decreases in
benefits, acceleration of payments or vesting schedules or other events which
would result in any material liability to the Company.
<PAGE>
(c) Employee Plan Compliance. (i) Company has performed in all
material respects all obligations required to be performed by it under each
Company Employee Plan and each Company Employee Plan has been established and
maintained in all material respects in accordance with its terms and in material
compliance with all applicable laws, statutes, orders, rules and regulations,
including but not limited to ERISA or the Code; (ii) no non-exempt "prohibited
transaction", within the meaning of Section 4975 of the Code or Section 406 of
ERISA, has occurred with respect to any Company Employee Plan; (iii) there are
no actions, suits or claims pending, or, to the Knowledge of Company, threatened
or anticipated (other than routine claims for benefits) against any Company
Employee Plan or against the assets of any Company Employee Plan; and (iv) each
Company Employee Plan can be amended, terminated or otherwise discontinued after
the Effective Time in accordance with its terms, without liability to Company,
Parent or any of its Affiliates (other than ordinary administration expenses
typically incurred in a termination event); (v) there are no inquiries or
proceedings pending or, to the Knowledge of Company or any affiliates,
threatened by the IRS or DOL with respect to any Company Employee Plan; and (vi)
neither Company nor any Affiliate is subject to any penalty or tax with respect
to any Company Employee Plan under Section 502(i) of ERISA or Section 4975
through 4980 of the Code.
(d) Pension Plans. Company does not now, nor has it ever,
maintained, established, sponsored, participated in, or contributed to, any
Pension Plan which is subject to Part 3 of Subtitle B of Title I of ERISA, Title
IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code.
(e) Multiemployer Plans. At no time has Company contributed to
or been requested to contribute to any Multiemployer Plan.
(f) No Post-Employment Obligations. No Company Employee Plan
or Employee Agreement provides, or has any liability to provide, life insurance,
medical or other employee benefits to any Employee upon his or her retirement or
termination of employment for any reason, except as may be required by statute,
and Company has never represented, promised or contracted (whether in oral or
written form) to any Employee (either individually or to Employees as a group)
that such Employee(s) would be provided with life insurance, medical or other
employee welfare benefits upon their retirement or termination of employment,
except to the extent required by statute.
(g) Effect of Transaction. Except as provided in Section 2.6
of this Agreement, the execution of this Agreement and the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereby will not (either alone or upon the occurrence
of any additional or subsequent events) constitute an event under any Company
Employee Plan, Employee Agreement, trust or loan that will or may result in any
payment (whether of severance pay or otherwise), acceleration, forgiveness of
indebtedness, vesting, distribution, increase in benefits or obligation to fund
benefits with respect to any Employee.
(h) Employment Matters.
(i) Section 3.19 of the Company Disclosure Letter
lists the names, positions and current salaries or wage rates (or other terms of
compensation) of all current Employees, including fringe benefits that are not
made available to Employees generally, and all current employee handbooks,
brochures or booklets setting forth the employment policies or practices
applicable to Employees. To the Company's Knowledge, all individuals providing
services as independent contractors or consultants to Company qualify as
independent contractors or consultants for purposes of federal and state income
and employment tax laws and all other applicable employment related laws.
(ii) Company is not a party to any (i) labor contract
relating to any Employee, or (ii) written or unwritten employment Contract for
the current provision of individual consulting services or Contract involving
direct or indirect compensation or severance of any Employee. All Employees are
terminable at will without payment by, or liability of, Company. The Company is
not in material default of any obligation to any Employee.
(iii) To the Company's Knowledge, its relations with
its employees are satisfactory. No union or similar organization represents the
Employees and, to Company's Knowledge, no such organization is attempting to
organize such employees.
(iv) No director or Employee of Company is a party to
any employment or other agreement that entitles him or her to terminate his or
her relationship with Company upon the acquisition by any Person of control of
Company.
<PAGE>
(v) The execution, delivery and performance of this
Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will not
result in any benefit or payment (including, without limitation, severance,
unemployment compensation, golden parachute, bonus or otherwise) becoming due to
any current or former director, officer or Employee of the Company, except as
expressly set forth herein.
(vi) Company (i) is in compliance in all material
respects with all applicable federal and state laws, rules and regulations
respecting employment, employment practices, terms and conditions of employment
and wages and hours, in each case, with respect to Employees; (ii) has withheld
all amounts required by law or by agreement to be withheld from the wages,
salaries and other payments to Employees (other than amounts which may be
required to be withheld as a result of an Employee's receipt of consideration
pursuant to Section 2.6); (iii) is not liable for any arrears of wages or any
taxes or any penalty for failure to comply with any of the foregoing; and (iv)
is not liable for any payment to any trust or other fund or to any governmental
or administrative authority, with respect to unemployment compensation benefits,
social security or other benefits or obligations for Employees (other than
routine payments to be made in the normal course of business and consistent with
past practice).
(i) Labor. No work stoppage or labor strike against Company is
pending or, to the Knowledge of Company, threatened or reasonably anticipated.
Company is not involved in or, to the Knowledge of Company, threatened with, any
labor dispute, grievance, or litigation relating to labor, safety or
discrimination matters involving any Employee, including, without limitation,
charges of unfair labor practices or discrimination complaints, which, if
adversely determined, would, individually or in the aggregate, result in
material liability to Company. Neither Company nor any of its subsidiaries has
engaged in any unfair labor practices within the meaning of the National Labor
Relations Act which would, individually or in the aggregate, directly or
indirectly result in a material liability to Company. Company is not presently,
nor has it been in the past, a party to, or bound by, any collective bargaining
agreement or union contract with respect to Employees and no collective
bargaining agreement is being negotiated by the Company.
III.20 Insurance. Section 3.20 of the Company Disclosure Letter lists
all insurance policies and fidelity bonds covering the assets, business,
equipment, properties, operations, employees, officers and directors of Company.
The Company believes that such policies of insurance are commercially reasonable
for a company of its kind. There is no claim by Company pending under any of
such policies or bonds as to which coverage has been questioned, denied or
disputed by the underwriters of such policies or bonds. All premiums due and
payable on or before the date hereof under all such policies and bonds have been
paid, and will be paid as of the Closing, and Company is otherwise in material
compliance with the terms of such policies and bonds (or other policies and
bonds providing substantially similar insurance coverage). To Company's
Knowledge, there is no threatened termination of, or material premium increase
with respect to, any of such policies.
III.21 Compliance with Laws. Company has complied with, is not in
violation of, and has not received any notices of violation with respect to its
Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws, as amended, or any Law or Court Order by
which Company is bound or to which Company or its properties are subject, except
for violations that have not had, individually or in the aggregate, a Material
Adverse Effect on the Company.
III.22 Warranties. Company has no Liability for replacement or repair
of, or, to the Knowledge of Company, other damages in connection with, any
product manufactured, sold, leased or delivered by Company except for product
warranty claims reserved on the Balance Sheet. No such product is subject to any
guaranty, warranty, or other indemnity beyond the applicable standard terms and
conditions of sale or lease.
III.23 Complete Copies of Materials. Company has delivered or made
available true and complete copies of each document (or summaries of same) that
has been requested by Parent or its counsel.
<PAGE>
III.24 Representations Complete.
(a) None of the representations or warranties made by Company
(as modified by the Company Disclosure Letter hereunder, as updated), nor any
statement made in the Company Disclosure Letter or certificate furnished by
Company pursuant to this Agreement, or furnished in or in connection with
documents mailed or delivered to the stockholders of Company in connection with
soliciting their consent to this Agreement and the Merger, contains or will
contain at the Closing Date, any untrue statement of a material fact, or omits
or will omit at the Closing Date to state any material fact necessary in order
to make the statements contained herein or therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which made, not misleading, except for changes after the
date hereof in conformity with the covenants and agreements contained herein and
those changes permitted by the terms of this Agreement and except for changes
occurring in the ordinary course of business which do not, individually or in
the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
(b) The Company shall be permitted to provide to Parent and
Sub an update, as of the Closing Date, of the Company Disclosure Letter. Such
Company Disclosure Letter as updated shall be incorporated herein by reference
with the same force and effect as the Company Disclosure Letter delivered at the
time of the execution and delivery of this Agreement.
(i) If the update to the Company Disclosure Letter
delivered on the Closing Date includes information relating to changes regarding
the Company or its business, assets or properties that were made in conformity
with the covenants and agreements contained in this Agreement, or were permitted
by the terms of this Agreement, or relate to facts or situations that arose
prior to the date of this Agreement but of which Parent or Sub had Knowledge,
then Parent and Sub shall consummate the Merger, and Parent and Sub shall not
have the right to make any claim against the Company or any holder of the
Company Capital Stock under Article VIII hereof or otherwise as a result of such
information included in the update to the Company Disclosure Letter.
(ii) If the update to the Company Disclosure Letter
delivered on the Closing Date includes information relating to facts or
situations that arose after the date of this Agreement, then (A) if such updated
information has not had or is not reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company, then Parent and Sub shall consummate the Merger, or (B)
if such updated information has had or is reasonably expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect on Company, then Parent and Sub shall have the option not to
consummate the Merger. In either case, if Parent and Sub consummate the Merger,
Parent and Sub shall not have the right to make any claim against the Company or
any holder of the Company Capital Stock under Article VIII hereof or otherwise
as a result of such information included in the update to the Company Disclosure
Letter.
(iii) If the update to the Company Disclosure Letter
delivered on the Closing Date includes information relating to facts or
situations that arose prior to the date of this Agreement but of which Parent
and Sub did not have Knowledge, (A) if such updated information has not had or
is not reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company,
then Parent and Sub shall consummate the Merger, or (B) if such updated
information has had or is reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect
on Company, then Parent and Sub shall have the option not to consummate the
Merger. In either case, if Parent and Sub consummate the Merger, Parent and Sub
shall have the right to make a claim against the Company and any holder of the
Company Capital Stock under Article VIII hereof or otherwise as a result of such
information included in the update to the Company Disclosure Letter. Any claim
made by Parent or Sub with respect hereto shall be subject to the terms of
Article VIII of this Agreement, including Section 8.2(a) hereof.
III.25 No Other Representations or Warranties. Except for the
representations and warranties contained in this Article III, neither the
Company nor any other person makes any representation or warranty to Parent or
to Sub, either express or implied, at law or in equity, and the Company hereby
disclaims any such other representation or warranty, whether by the Company or
any of its agents or representatives or any other person, notwithstanding the
delivery or disclosure to Parent or to Sub or any of their officers, directors,
employees, agents or representatives or any other person of any document or
other information by the Company or any of its agents or representatives or any
other person.
ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND SUB
Parent and Sub represent and warrant to Company and the stockholders of
the Company as follows:
<PAGE>
IV.1 Organization. Each of Parent and Sub is a corporation duly
organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of
Delaware. Each of Parent and Sub has the corporate power to own its properties
and to carry on its business as now being conducted. Each of Parent and Sub is
duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in
which the failure to be so qualified would have a Material Adverse Effect on
Parent or on the ability of Parent and Sub to consummate the transactions
contemplated hereby.
IV.2 Authority; Conflicts. Each of Parent and Sub has all requisite
corporate power and authority to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement and
the Ancillary Agreements to which it is a party and to consummate the
transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The execution, delivery and
performance of this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements to which it is a
party and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby
have been duly authorized and approved by Parent's and Sub's Board of Directors,
and no other corporate action is necessary on the part of either Parent or Sub.
This Agreement has been, and the Ancillary Agreements will be, duly executed and
delivered by Parent and Sub and constitutes, and will constitute, the valid and
binding obligation of Parent and Sub, enforceable in accordance with their terms
subject to Enforceability Exclusions. The execution, delivery and performance of
this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements to which it is a party by each of
Parent and Sub does not, and, as of the Effective Time, the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, and compliance with or fulfillment
of the terms, conditions and provisions hereof and thereof, will not:
(i) Conflict with any provision of the Certificate of
Incorporation or Bylaws, as amended, of either Parent or Sub, or Contract,
Authorization, Court Order or Law applicable to either Parent or Sub or their
respective properties or assets, other than Conflicts which would not have a
material adverse effect on the ability of either Parent or Sub to consummate the
transactions contemplated hereby; or
(ii) require any Authorization, or registration,
declaration or filing with any Governmental Entity or any third party (so as not
to trigger any Conflict), by or with respect to Parent or Sub in connection with
the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements or the
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, except for (A)
the filing of the Certificate of Merger and Articles of Merger with the Delaware
Secretary of State and the Maryland State Department of Assessments and
Taxation, respectively, (B) such Authorizations, registrations, declarations and
filings as may be required under applicable state and federal securities laws
and the laws of any foreign country, (C) such filings as may be required under
the HSR Act, and (D) such other Authorizations, filings, declarations and
registrations which if not obtained or made would not have a material adverse
effect on the ability of Parent or Sub to consummate the transactions
contemplated hereby.
IV.3 Merger Consideration. Parent currently has available, and at the
Effective Time of the Merger will continue to have available, sufficient cash to
enable it to perform its obligations under this Agreement. The shares of Parent
Common Stock to be issued pursuant to the Merger, when issued, will be duly
authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and shall be free and
clear of all Encumbrances other than transfer restrictions arising under
securities laws.
IV.4 SEC Documents; Parent Financial Statements.atements
(a) Parent has filed all required reports and amendments to
previously filed reports (the "Parent Reports") with the U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission (the "SEC") under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
"Exchange Act") since it first became a publicly-held reporting company. As of
their respective filing dates, except to the extent corrected by a subsequently
filed document with the SEC, the Parent Reports complied with the requirements
of the Exchange Act, and none of the Parent Reports contained any untrue
statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary to make the statements made therein not misleading.
As of the date hereof, Parent has not received notice from the SEC that
additional filings or amendments to previously filed Parent Reports are
required.
<PAGE>
(b) The financial statements of Parent, including the notes
thereto, included in the Parent Reports (the "Parent Financial Statements") (i)
comply as to form with applicable accounting requirements and with the published
rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto, (ii) have been prepared
in accordance with GAAP consistently applied (subject, in the case of unaudited
statements, to normal recurring audit adjustments which, individually or in the
aggregate, are not material), and (iii) fairly present the consolidated
financial position of Parent at the dates thereof and of its consolidated
results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended. There has been
no change in Parent's accounting policies except as described in the notes to
the Parent Financial Statements. Parent has no material Liabilities other than
those set forth in the previously filed Parent Financial Statements, as of the
respective dates of the Parent Financial Statements.
IV.5 Information Supplied by Parent. The information supplied by Parent
to the Company expressly for inclusion by Company in the information or proxy
statement the Company will send to its stockholders, in connection with
Company's solicitation of written consents or stockholders meeting to be held to
vote upon the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, does not contain any
untrue statement of a material fact or omit any material facts required to be
stated therein or necessary to make the statements made therein not misleading.
IV.6 Finders' Fees. There is no investment banker, broker, finder or
other intermediary that has been retained by or is authorized to act on behalf
of Parent who would be entitled to any fee or commission from Company or any of
its Affiliates upon consummation of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement.
IV.7 Litigation. There is no lawsuit, action, suit, claim or, to the
Knowledge of Parent or Sub, investigation by or before any court or Governmental
Entity, or proceeding of any nature (including with respect to the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement), pending or, to the Knowledge of Parent or Sub,
threatened against either Parent or Sub, their respective properties or assets,
or any of their respective officers or directors in their capacities as agents
of Parent or Sub (with respect to the operations of Parent or Sub) which has had
or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent,
nor, to the Knowledge of Parent or Sub, is there any basis therefor. No
Governmental Entity has at any time challenged or questioned the legal right of
Parent or Sub to manufacture, offer or sell any of its products in the present
manner or style thereof which has had or could reasonably be expected to have a
Material Adverse Effect on Parent.
IV.8 Form S-3. Parent is currently eligible to utilize Form S-3 and
there is no material nonpublic information (other than this Agreement) that
would preclude Parent from filing a registration statement on Form S-3.
ARTICLE V
CONDUCT PRIOR TO THE EFFECTIVE TIME
V.1 Conduct of Business of Company. During the period from the date of
this Agreement and continuing until the earlier of the termination of this
Agreement or the Effective Time, Company agrees (except to the extent that
Parent shall otherwise consent in writing) to carry on its business in the
usual, regular and ordinary course in substantially the same manner as
heretofore conducted, to pay its debts and Taxes when due unless validly
withheld or contested in good faith, to pay or perform other obligations when
due, and, to the extent consistent with such business and except as agreed to by
Parent and the Company in writing, use commercially reasonable efforts
consistent with past practice and policies to preserve intact Company's present
business organization, keep available the services of its present officers and
key employees, and preserve its relationships with customers, suppliers,
distributors, licensors, licensees, and others having business dealings with it,
with the goal of preserving unimpaired Company's goodwill and ongoing businesses
at the Effective Time. In particular, Company shall not take any action outside
the ordinary course of business, which materially increases its current
liabilities or materially decreases its current assets. Company shall promptly
notify Parent of (i) developments to, and relating actions to be taken in
connection with, the matters described in Section 3.4 of the Company Disclosure
Letter, (ii) any event or occurrence or emergency not in the ordinary course of
business of Company, and (iii) any event having a Material Adverse Effect on
Company. Without limiting the foregoing and except as expressly contemplated by
this Agreement, Company shall not, without the prior written consent of Parent,
such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed:
(a) Enter into any material Contract or transaction not in its
ordinary course of business and consistent with past practices, or any
commitment or transaction of the type described in Section 3.7 hereof;
<PAGE>
(b) Transfer to any Person any rights to Company's
Intellectual Property (other than pursuant to end user or existing licenses in
the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practices);
(c) Acquire or agree to acquire by merging or consolidating
with, or by purchasing a substantial portion of the assets of, or by any other
manner, any business or any corporation, partnership, association or other
business organization or division thereof, or otherwise acquire or agree to
acquire any assets which are material, individually or in the aggregate, to the
business of Company;
(d) Make or change any material election in respect of Taxes,
adopt or change any accounting method in respect of Taxes, enter into any
closing agreement, settle any claim or assessment in respect of Taxes, or
consent to any extension or waiver of the limitation period applicable to any
claim or assessment in respect of Taxes; or
(e) Take, or agree in writing or otherwise to take, any of the
actions described in Sections 5.1(a) through (d) above, or any other action that
would prevent Company from performing or cause Company not to perform its
covenants hereunder.
V.2 No Solicitation.
(a) Until the earlier of the Effective Time or the date of
termination of this Agreement pursuant to the provisions of Section 9.1 hereof,
Company will not (nor will Company permit any of Company's officers, directors,
agents, representatives or affiliates to) directly or indirectly, take any of
the following actions with any party other than Parent and its designees: (i)
solicit, entertain, encourage, initiate or participate in any proposals of
others from, or conduct discussions with or engage in negotiations with, any
Person relating to, (ii) provide information with respect to it to any Person
relating to, or otherwise cooperate with, facilitate or encourage any effort or
attempt by any such Person with regard to, (iii) enter into an agreement with
any Person providing for, or (iv) make or authorize any statement,
recommendation or solicitation in support of, any possible acquisition of
Company or any of its subsidiaries (whether by merger, purchase of assets,
tender offer or otherwise), or any material portion of its or their capital
stock or assets or any equity interest in the Company or any of its
subsidiaries.
(b) If Company receives prior to the Effective Time or the
termination of this Agreement any offer or proposal relating to any of the
above, Company will immediately (i) cease and cause to be terminated any such
contacts or negotiations, (ii) notify Parent thereof, including information as
to the identity of the offeror or the party making any such offer or proposal
and the specific terms of such offer or proposal, as the case may be, and such
other information related thereto as Parent may reasonably request.
V.3 Conduct of Business of Parent. During the period from the date of
this Agreement and continuing until the earlier of the termination of this
Agreement or the Effective Time, Parent agrees (except to the extent that
Company shall otherwise consent in writing) to carry on its business in the
usual, regular and ordinary course in substantially the same manner as
heretofore conducted, to pay its debts and Taxes when due unless validly
withheld or contested in good faith, to pay or perform other obligations when
due, and, to the extent consistent with such business and except as agreed to by
Parent and the Company in writing, use commercially reasonable efforts
consistent with past practice and policies to preserve intact Parent's present
business organization, keep available the services of its present officers and
key employees, and preserve its relationships with customers, suppliers,
distributors, licensors, licensees, and others having business dealings with it,
with the goal of preserving unimpaired Parent's goodwill and ongoing businesses
at the Effective Time. Parent shall promptly notify Company of (i) any event or
occurrence or emergency not in the ordinary course of business of Parent, and
(ii) any event having a Material Adverse Effect on Parent.
ARTICLE VI
ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS
VI.1 Ancillary Agreements. The following will take place simultaneously
with the execution of this Agreement unless otherwise expressly noted herein:
<PAGE>
(a) the Stockholders Agreement shall be executed as of the
Closing by the holders of shares representing at least two-thirds of the Company
Capital Stock.
(b) Major Stockholder, Parent and Sub shall have entered into
an agreement to terminate or amend certain contracts between Major Stockholder
and Company regarding Company's Intellectual Property.
VI.2 Company Stockholder Approval. As promptly as practicable after the
execution of this Agreement, Company shall submit this Agreement and the
transactions contemplated hereby (including, if required, amendment of Company's
Articles of Incorporation) to its stockholders for approval and adoption as
provided by Maryland Law and its Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws. Company
shall use commercially reasonable efforts to solicit and obtain the consent of
its stockholders sufficient to approve the Merger and this Agreement and to
enable the Closing to occur as promptly as practicable. The materials submitted
to Company's stockholders shall include information regarding Company, the terms
of the Merger and this Agreement and the recommendation of the Board of
Directors of Company in favor of the Merger and this Agreement, provided,
however, that such recommendation need not be included, or may be withdrawn, to
the extent that the Board of Directors of the Company deem it necessary to do so
in the exercise of its fiduciary obligations to the holders of Company Capital
Stock after being so advised by counsel. The Company will send the materials to
be submitted to its stockholders to Parent for its review and comments before
submitting them to the stockholders.
VI.3 Access to Information. Company shall afford Parent and its
accountants, counsel and other representatives, reasonable access during normal
business hours upon reasonable notice during the period prior to the Effective
Time to (a) all of Company's properties, Contracts, books and records (provided
that any such access by Parent, its accountants, counsel and other
representatives shall not unreasonably interfere with the conduct of Company's
business), and (b) with the consent of Company, which consent shall not be
unreasonably withheld, all other information concerning the business, properties
and personnel (subject to restrictions imposed by applicable law) of Company as
Parent may reasonably request. Company agrees to provide to Parent and its
accountants, counsel and other representatives copies of internal financial
statements promptly upon request.
VI.4 HSR Filing. Parent and Major Stockholder will use commercially
reasonable efforts to obtain the approval of any Governmental Body, including
timely filing with the Department of Justice and Federal Trade Commission, which
is required in order to consummate the transactions contemplated in this
Agreement.
VI.5 Confidentiality. Each of the parties hereto hereby agrees to keep
the terms of this Agreement (except to the extent contemplated hereby) and such
information or knowledge obtained in any investigation pursuant to Section 6.3
hereof, or pursuant to the negotiation and execution of this Agreement or the
effectuation of the transactions contemplated hereby, confidential in accordance
with the terms of the Mutual Confidentiality Agreement executed by each of
Parent and Company as of October 26, 1997.
VI.6 Expenses. (a) Whether or not the Merger is consummated, all fees
and expenses incurred in connection with the Merger including, without
limitation, all legal, accounting, financial advisory, consulting and all other
fees and expenses of third parties ("Third Party Expenses") incurred by a party
in connection with the negotiation and effectuation of the terms and conditions
of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, shall be the
obligation of the respective party incurring such fees and expenses. If the
Merger is consummated, Parent will pay at the Closing, out of the Merger
consideration, any amounts due to Broadview pursuant to the terms of the
Broadview Letter and the legal and accounting fees and other "deal expenses" of
Company as set forth on the schedule delivered to Parent pursuant to paragraph
(b) below. Deal expenses shall not include filing fees paid by, or legal and
other expenses incurred by, the Major Stockholder in connection with filings
with the Department of Justice or the Federal Trade Commission.
<PAGE>
(b) Three (3) business days prior to the Closing, Company
shall deliver to Parent a schedule identifying the total (i) fees and expenses
due to Broadview, and (ii) fees and expenses due to Company's legal counsel and
accountants (together with a release, to be delivered at Closing, of Company and
Sub by each of Broadview and Company's legal counsels and accountants upon
payment of their fees and expenses). If such aggregate fees and expenses differ
from the amount of fees and expenses set forth in Section 3.18 of the Company
Disclosure Schedule (such difference, the "Expense Difference"), the Cash
Amount, Warrant Share Price, Common Exchange Ratio, Option Exchange Ratio and
Preferred Exchange Ratio shall be proportionately adjusted to increase or
decrease, as the case may be, the aggregate amount of cash, Parent Common Stock
and options to purchase Parent Common Stock issued in the Merger by an amount
equal to the Expense Difference. Three (3) business days prior to the Closing,
Company shall also deliver to Parent a schedule detailing such adjustments to be
made to the respective Exchange Ratios and the Cash Amount and Warrant Share
Price. Company and Parent shall use their best efforts to agree on such
adjustments prior to the Closing.
(c) If the sum of the number of shares of Company Common Stock
then outstanding and the number of shares of Company Common Stock issuable upon
exercise of Company Options (whether or not then exercisable) as of the day
three (3) business days prior to the Closing, is less than such sum on the date
of this Agreement (such difference, the "Canceled Company Stock"), the Cash
Amount, Warrant Share Price, Common Exchange Ratio, Option Exchange Ratio and
Preferred Exchange Ratio shall be proportionately adjusted to increase the
aggregate amount of cash, Parent Common Stock and options to purchase Parent
Common Stock issued in the Merger by an amount equal to the value of the
Canceled Company Stock. Three (3) business days prior to the Closing, Company
shall deliver to Parent a schedule detailing such adjustments to be made to the
respective Cash Amount, Warrant Share Price and respective Exchange Ratios.
Company and Parent shall use their best efforts to agree on such adjustments
prior to the Closing.
VI.7 No Public Disclosure. Unless otherwise required by law, prior to
the Effective Time, no disclosure (whether or not in response to an inquiry) of
the subject matter of this Agreement shall be made by any party hereto unless
approved by Parent and Company prior to release, provided that such approval
shall not be unreasonably withheld, subject, in the case of Parent, to Parent's
obligation to comply with applicable securities laws and the rules and
regulations of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.
VI.8 Commercially Reasonable Efforts. Subject to the terms and
conditions provided in this Agreement and in order to consummate and make
effective the transactions contemplated by this Agreement for the purpose of
securing to the parties hereto the benefits contemplated by this Agreement,
Parent, Sub and Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to (i) ensure
that its representations and warranties, as modified, in the case of Company, by
the Company Disclosure Letter including any permitted updates to such Letter,
remain true and correct, (ii) promptly take, or cause to be taken, all actions,
and to do promptly, or cause to be done, all things necessary, proper or
advisable under applicable laws and regulations to consummate and make effective
the transactions contemplated hereby, (iii) promptly obtain all necessary
Authorizations and to effect all necessary registrations and filings (including
merger notification with Governmental Entities), and (iv) promptly remove any
injunctions or other impediments or delays, legal or otherwise to the
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby; provided that Parent shall
not be required to agree to any divestiture by Parent or Company or any of
Parent's subsidiaries or Affiliates of shares of capital stock or of any
business, assets or property of Parent or its subsidiaries or Affiliates or
Company or its Affiliates, or the imposition of any material limitation on the
ability of any of them to conduct their businesses or to own or exercise control
of such assets, properties and stock.
VI.9 Notification of Certain Matters. Company shall give prompt notice
to Parent, and Parent shall give prompt notice to Company, of (i) the occurrence
or non-occurrence of any event, the occurrence or non-occurrence of which is
likely to cause any representation or warranty of Company and Parent,
respectively, contained in this Agreement to be untrue or inaccurate at or prior
to the Effective Time, and (ii) any failure of Company or Parent, as the case
may be, to comply with or satisfy any covenant, condition or agreement to be
complied with or satisfied by it hereunder. The delivery of any notice pursuant
to this Section shall not limit or otherwise affect any remedies available to
the party receiving such notice and will not limit Company's ability to correct
or resolve such inaccuracy or to cure such failure by the Effective Time.
<PAGE>
VI.10 Certain Benefit Plans; Employee Stock Options and Severance.
(a) Parent shall take such reasonable actions as are necessary
to allow eligible employees of Company that will be employees of Sub, to
participate in benefit programs substantially comparable to those applicable to
employees of Parent on similar terms, as soon as practicable after the Effective
Time. Company's employee benefit plans shall be continued until comparable
programs are available through Sub. For purposes of the requirement of 3 months
service with Sub in order to participate in Parent's Employee Stock Purchase
Plan at the next enrollment date only, service with Company of employees of
Company who became employees of Sub, shall be considered as service with Sub.
(b) As promptly as practicable after the Effective Time,
Parent will grant stock options to purchase Parent Common Stock to certain
employees of Company that will be employees of Sub after the Effective Time to
be determined by Parent in its sole discretion.
(c) In the event that the Merger is consummated, and the
employment of any employee of Company who becomes an employee of Sub following
the Merger is immediately terminated by Sub other than for cause (as determined
in good faith by Parent), then such employee shall be entitled to receive a
severance package comparable to the industry practice and in accordance with
Parent's policy, and will be required to sign only a severance agreement.
(d) Immediately prior to the Effective Time, but contingent
upon the Closing, by virtue of the Merger, the vesting schedules of all of the
Company Options granted under the Company's 1996 Stock Plan and held by Thomas
H. Scholl, Lee Lambert, Young-Min Kim and Seung Hwa Yoo immediately prior to the
Closing shall accelerate and thereafter be fully exercisable. Appropriate
documentation to such effect evidencing such acceleration shall be executed by
each optionee and Company and shall be delivered at Closing.
VI.11 Form S-3 Registration Statement.
(a) Filing; Maintenance. Parent shall use commercially
reasonable efforts to file promptly after the Effective Time, but in no event
later than ten (10) business days after the Effective Time, a shelf registration
statement on Form S-3 (or any successor or other appropriate form) under the
Securities Act ("Registration Statement"), for the resale of the shares of
Parent Common Stock to be issued at the Closing, together with all other shares
of Parent Common Stock issued in respect thereof (by way of stock split,
dividend or otherwise) (collectively, the "Registrable Shares"), and shall use
commercially reasonable efforts to cause such Registration Statement to become
effective as promptly as practicable after filing and maintain its effectiveness
for 12 months following the Effective Time, or such shorter time as shall be
required for all of the Registrable Shares to be sold pursuant thereto (the
"Effectiveness Period"). The shelf registration shall cover only the Registrable
Shares. During the ten (10) day period (during which shares of Parent Common
Stock are traded on the Nasdaq National Market) after the shelf registration
becomes effective (or until all the Registrable Shares are sold, if sooner),
Parent shall not publicly announce, or file a registration statement covering, a
new public offering of its capital stock on its own behalf or on behalf of any
of its stockholders other than holders of Registrable Shares pursuant hereto.
(b) Effectiveness; Suspension.
(i) From time to time during the Effectiveness
Period, Parent will amend or supplement the Registration Statement and the
prospectus contained therein as and to the extent necessary to comply with the
federal securities law and any applicable state securities statute or
regulation, subject to the following limitations and qualifications.
(ii) Parent will notify the Securityholder Agent (A)
when a prospectus or any prospectus supplement or amendment has been filed and
when the same becomes effective, (B) of any request by the SEC or any other
federal or state governmental authority during the Effectiveness Period for
amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement, (C) of the issuance by
the SEC or any other Governmental Entity of any stop order suspending the
effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the initiation of any proceedings
for that purpose, (D) of the receipt by Parent of any notification with respect
to the suspension of the qualification or exemption from qualification of any of
the Registrable Shares for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or
threatening of any proceeding for such purpose, or (E) of the happening of any
event which makes any statement made in the Registration Statement or related
prospectus or any document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by
reference untrue in any material respect or which requires the making of any
changes in the Registration Statement or prospectus so that it will not contain
any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not
misleading.
<PAGE>
(iii) Notwithstanding any other provision of this
Agreement, Parent will have the right at any time upon the happening of any
event of the kind described in clauses B-E in paragraph (ii) above, or upon the
reasonable judgment of Parent's Board of Directors after consultation with
counsel that it is advisable to suspend the use of the prospectus, and upon
written notice to each Holder, to require that each holder of Registrable Shares
("Holder") suspend further open market offers and sales of Registrable Shares
for a reasonable period of time, which period shall not exceed 45 days for each
such event or an aggregate of 90 days during the Effectiveness Period (the
"Suspension Right"). In the event Parent exercises the Suspension Right, such
suspension will continue for the period of time reasonably necessary for
disclosure to occur at a time that is not detrimental to Parent and its
stockholders as determined in good faith by Parent after consultation with
counsel or until copies of a supplemental or amended prospectus becomes
effective. Parent will promptly give Holders notice of any such suspension and
the termination of such suspension and will use all reasonable efforts to
minimize the length of the suspension.
(c) Expenses. Parent shall pay all of the expenses incurred in
connection with filing the Registration Statement but shall not be liable for
(i) any discounts or commissions to any broker or underwriter attributable to
the shares being registered and similar charges, (ii) legal fees and
disbursements of counsel for the selling holders, or (ii) any stock transfer
taxes incurred in respect of such registered shares.
(d) Indemnification.
(i)To the extent permitted by law, Parent will
indemnify and hold harmless each Holder, any underwriter (as defined in the
Securities Act) for such Holder, each of its officers, directors, shareholders
or partners and each person, if any, who controls such Holder or underwriter
within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, against any Losses
(joint or several) to which they may become subject under the Securities Act,
the Exchange Act or other federal or state law, insofar as such Losses (or
actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any of the following
statements, omissions or violations (collectively a "Violation"): (A) any untrue
statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the
Registration Statement, including any preliminary prospectus or final prospectus
contained therein or any amendments or supplements thereto, (B) the omission or
alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein,
or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or (C) any violation
or alleged violation by Parent of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, any
other federal or state securities law or any rule or regulation promulgated
under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or any other federal or state
securities law; and Parent will pay to each such Holder, underwriter or
controlling person, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in
connection with investigating or defending any such Losses; provided that the
indemnity agreement contained in this Subparagraph shall not apply to amounts
paid in settlement of any such Losses if such settlement is effected without the
consent of Parent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed;
nor shall Parent be liable in any such case for any such Losses to the extent
that it arises out of or is based upon (a) a Violation which occurs in reliance
upon and in conformity with written information furnished expressly for use in
connection with such registration by any such Holder, or (b) a Violation that
would not have occurred if such Holder had delivered to the purchaser the
version of the prospectus most recently provided by Parent to the Holder as of
the date of such sale.
(ii) To the extent permitted by law, each selling
Holder will indemnify and hold harmless Parent, each of its directors, each of
its officers who has signed the Registration Statement, each person, if any, who
controls Parent within the meaning of the Securities Act, any underwriter, any
other Holder selling securities pursuant to the Registration Statement and any
controlling person of any such underwriter or other Holder, against any Losses
(joint or several) to which any of the foregoing persons may become subject
under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or other federal or state law,
insofar as such Losses (or actions in respect thereto) arise out of or are based
upon any Violation (which includes without limitation the failure of the Holder
to comply with the prospectus delivery requirements under the Securities Act,
and the failure of the Holder to deliver the most current prospectus provided by
Parent prior to such sale), in each case to the extent (and only to the extent)
that such Violation occurs in reliance upon and in conformity with written
information furnished by such Holder to Parent expressly for use in connection
with such registration or such Violation is caused by the Holder's failure to
deliver to the purchaser of the Holder's shares a prospectus (or amendment or
supplement thereto) that had been made available to the Holder by Parent prior
to such sale of the Holder's shares; and such selling Holder will pay, any legal
or other expenses reasonably incurred by any person intended to be indemnified
pursuant to this Subparagraph in connection with investigating or defending any
such Losses; provided that the indemnity agreement contained in this
Subparagraph shall not apply to amounts paid in settlement of any such Losses if
such settlement is effected without the consent of the Holder, which consent
shall not be unreasonably withheld, and provided further, that the obligations
of such Holders hereunder shall be several and not joint. The aggregate
indemnification and contribution liability of each Holder under this
Subparagraph shall not exceed the net proceeds received by such Holder in
connection with sale of shares pursuant to the Registration Statement.
<PAGE>
(iii) Each person entitled to indemnification under
this Section (the "Indemnified Party") shall give notice to the party required
to provide indemnification (the "Indemnifying Party") promptly after such
Indemnified Party has actual knowledge of any claim as to which indemnity may be
sought and shall permit the Indemnifying Party to assume the defense of any such
claim and any litigation resulting therefrom, provided that counsel for the
Indemnifying Party who conducts the defense of such claim or any litigation
resulting therefrom shall be approved by the Indemnified Party (whose approval
shall not unreasonably be withheld), and the Indemnified Party may participate
in such defense at such party's expense, and provided further that the failure
of any Indemnified Party to give notice as provided herein shall not relieve the
Indemnifying Party of its obligations under this Section unless and only to the
extent that the Indemnifying Party is materially prejudiced thereby.
Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, the Indemnified Party may retain its own
counsel to conduct the defense of any such claim or litigation, and shall be
entitled to be reimbursed by the Indemnifying Party for expenses incurred by the
Indemnified Party in defense of such claim or litigation, in the event that the
Indemnifying Party does not assume the defense of such claim or litigation
within 60 days after the Indemnifying Party receives notice thereof from the
Indemnified Party. Further, an Indemnifying Party shall be liable for amounts
paid in settlement of any such claim or litigation only if the Indemnifying
Party consents in writing to such settlement (which consent shall not be
unreasonably withheld). No Indemnifying Party, in the defense of any such claim
or litigation, shall (except with the consent of each Indemnified Party) consent
to entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement that does not include as
an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such
Indemnified Party of a release from all liability in respect to such claim or
litigation. Each Indemnified Party shall furnish such information regarding
itself or the claim in question as an Indemnifying Party may reasonably request
in writing and as shall be reasonably required in connection with the defense of
such claim and litigation resulting therefrom.
(iv) To the extent that the indemnification provided
for in this Section is held by a court of competent jurisdiction (by the entry
of a final judgment or decree and the expiration of time to appeal or the denial
of the last right of appeal) to be unavailable to an Indemnified Party with
respect to any Losses referred to herein, then the Indemnifying Party, in lieu
of indemnifying such Indemnified Party hereunder, shall contribute to the amount
paid or payable by such Indemnified Party as a result of such Losses in such
proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the Indemnifying
Party on the one hand and of the Indemnified Party on the other in connection
with the statements or omissions which resulted in such Losses, as well as any
other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of the Indemnifying
Party and of the Indemnified Party shall be determined by reference to, among
other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact
or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to
information supplied by the Indemnifying Party or by the Indemnified Party and
the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity
to correct or prevent such statement or omission; provided, that no Holder will
be required to contribute any amount in excess of the net proceeds received by
such Holder in connection with the sale of Registrable Shares pursuant to the
Registration Statement, and provided, further, that no Person guilty of
fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the
Securities Act) will be entitled to contribution from any Person who was not
guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.
(e) Notice and Approval. Other than sales made within ten (10)
business days of the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, if any Holder
shall propose to sell any Registrable Shares pursuant to the Registration
Statement, it shall notify Parent of its intent to do so (including the proposed
manner and timing of all sales) at least two full trading days prior to such
sale, and the provision of such notice to Parent shall conclusively be deemed to
reestablish and reconfirm an agreement by such Holder to comply with the
registration provisions set forth in this Agreement. Unless otherwise specified
in such notice, such notice shall be deemed to constitute a representation that
any information previously supplied to Parent by such Holder expressly for
inclusion in the Registration Statement (as the same may have been superseded by
subsequent such information) is accurate as of the date of such notice. At any
time within such two trading-day period, Parent may refuse to permit the Holder
to resell any Registrable Shares pursuant to the Registration Statement based on
the happening of any event of the kind described in clauses B-E of Section
6.11(b)(ii) above; provided that in order to exercise this right, Parent must
deliver a certificate in writing to the Holder to the effect that a delay in
such sale is necessary because a sale pursuant to the Registration Statement in
its then-current form without the addition of material, non-public information
about Parent, or because of a stop order suspending the effectiveness of the
Registration Statement, could constitute a violation of the federal securities
laws.
<PAGE>
(f) Delivery of Prospectus. For any offer or sale of any of
the Registrable Shares by a Holder in a transaction that is not exempt under the
Securities Act, the Holder, in addition to complying with any other federal
securities laws, shall deliver a copy of the final prospectus (or amendment of
or supplement to such prospectus) of Parent covering the Registrable Shares in
the form furnished to the Holder by Parent to the purchaser of any of the
Registrable Shares on or before the settlement date for the purchase of such
Shares.
(g) Copies of Prospectuses. Subject to the provisions of this
Section, when a Holder is entitled to sell and gives notice of its intent to
sell Registrable Shares pursuant to the Registration Statement, Parent shall,
within two trading days following the request, furnish to such Holder a
reasonable number of copies of any prospectus, or a supplement to or an
amendment of such prospectus, in conformity with the requirements of the
Securities Act, as may be necessary so that, as thereafter delivered to the
purchasers of such Registrable Shares, such prospectus shall not as of the date
of delivery to the Holder include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit
to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading or incomplete in the light of the
circumstances then existing.
VI.12 Form S-8 Registration Statement. Parent shall file, promptly
after the Effective Time but in no event later than ten (10) business days
following the Effective Time, a registration statement on Form S-8 (or any
successor or other appropriate form) under the Securities Act for the shares of
Parent Common Stock issuable with respect to substituted Company Options, and
maintain its effectiveness (and maintain the current status of the prospectus
contained therein) for so long as such options remain outstanding.
VI.13 Nasdaq National Market Listing. Parent shall authorize for
listing on the Nasdaq National Market the shares of Parent Common Stock
issuable, and those required to be reserved for issuance, in connection with the
Merger, subject to official notice of issuance.
VI.14 Company's Auditors. Company will use commercially reasonable
efforts to cause its management and its independent auditors to facilitate on a
timely basis (i) the review of any Company audit or work papers for up to the
past three years, including the examination of selected interim financial
statements and data, and (ii) the delivery of such documents or information from
Company's independent accountants as may be reasonably requested by Parent or
its accountants in order for Parent's accountants to render any opinion called
for under this Agreement, if any.
VI.15 Blue Sky Laws. Parent shall make commercially reasonable efforts
to comply with the securities and blue sky laws of all jurisdictions which are
applicable to the issuance of Parent Common Stock pursuant hereto. The Company
shall use reasonable efforts to assist Parent as may be necessary to comply with
the securities and blue sky laws of all jurisdictions which are applicable in
connection with the issuance of Parent Common Stock pursuant hereto.
VI.16 Repayment of Debt. Parent shall repay, as part of the
consideration paid in the Merger (and without affecting the Cash Amount, the
Exchange Ratio or the Warrant Share Price), Company's outstanding debts to
NationsBank, N.A., Major Stockholder and Bank of America in the aggregate amount
of $7,650,000, on behalf of the Company and without assuming any such debt, at
and as of the Closing. Parent will not repay any other borrowings of the
Company, except as contemplated by this Agreement.
VI.17 Additional Documents and Further Assurances. Before and following
the Closing, each party hereto, at the request of another party hereto, shall
execute and deliver such other instruments and do and perform such other acts
and things as may be necessary or desirable for effecting completely the
consummation of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby.
<PAGE>
ARTICLE VII
CONDITIONS TO THE MERGER
VII.1 Conditions to Obligations of Each Party to Effect the Merger. The
respective obligations of Parent, Sub and Company to this Agreement to effect
the Merger shall be subject to the satisfaction at or prior to the Closing of
the following conditions:
(a) Stockholder Approval. This Agreement, the Merger and any
amendments to Company's Articles of Incorporation required to effect the
foregoing, shall have been approved and adopted by the stockholders of Company
by the requisite vote under applicable law and Company's Articles of
Incorporation.
(b) Approvals. Other than the filings provided for by Section
2.2 but including filing of Company's amended Articles of Incorporation (if
required), all material Authorizations, declarations or filings with, or
expirations of waiting periods imposed by, any Governmental Entity shall have
been filed, occurred or been obtained.
(c) Securities Law Compliance. The issuance of the Parent
Common Stock and Company Capital Stock in the Merger shall be exempt from the
registration requirement of the federal securities laws and shall have been
qualified or shall be exempt under all applicable state securities laws.
(d) No Injunctions or Restraints; Illegality. No temporary
restraining order, preliminary or permanent injunction or other order issued by
any court of competent jurisdiction or other legal or regulatory restraint or
prohibition preventing the consummation of the Merger shall be in effect, nor
shall any proceeding brought by a Governmental Entity seeking any of the
foregoing be pending; nor shall there be any action taken, or any statute, rule,
regulation or order enacted, entered, enforced or deemed applicable to the
Merger, which makes the consummation of the Merger illegal.
(e) Tax Opinions. Parent and Company shall each have received
substantially identical written opinions from their counsel, Wilson Sonsini
Goodrich & Rosati, Professional Corporation, and Testa, Hurwitz & Thibeault,
LLP, respectively, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to them, to the
effect that the Merger will constitute a reorganization within the meaning of
Section 368(a) of the Code. The parties to this Agreement agree to make
reasonable representations as requested by such counsel for the purpose of
rendering such opinions.
VII.2 Additional Conditions to Obligations of Company. The obligations
of Company to consummate and effect this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereby shall be subject to the satisfaction at or prior to the
Closing of each of the following conditions, any of which may be waived, in
writing, exclusively by the Company and the Major Stockholder:
(a) Representations and Warranties. The representations and
warranties of Parent and Sub contained in this Agreement shall be true and
correct on and as of the Closing Date, except for changes contemplated by this
Agreement and except for those representations and warranties which address
matters only as of a particular date (which shall remain true and correct as of
such date), with the same force and effect as if made on and as of the Closing
Date.
(b) Agreements and Covenants. Parent and Sub shall have
performed and complied with all agreements and covenants required by this
Agreement to be performed and complied with by them on or prior to the Closing
Date.
(c) Material Adverse Effect. There shall not have occurred any
Material Adverse Effect on Parent since the date of this Agreement. For purposes
of this condition, a decline in the trading price of Parent's Common Stock,
whether occurring at any time or from time to time, as reported by Nasdaq or any
other automated quotation system or exchange shall not constitute a Material
Adverse Effect.
<PAGE>
(d) Reservation of Shares. Parent shall reserve for issuance
the maximum number of shares of Parent Common Stock as may be issuable upon
consummation of the Merger.
(e) Certificate of Parent. Company shall have been provided
with a certificate executed on behalf of the Parent by one of its executive
officers to the effect that, as of the Closing Date, all representations and
warranties made by the Parent and Sub in this Agreement are true and correct;
and all covenants, obligations and conditions of this Agreement to be performed
by Parent and Sub on or before such date have been so performed.
(f) Legal Opinion. Company shall have received a legal opinion
from Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati, Professional Corporation, legal counsel
to Parent and Sub, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit B.
(g) Litigation. There shall be no bona fide action, suit,
claim or proceeding of any nature pending, or threatened, against Parent or Sub,
any of their respective properties or assets, or any of their respective
officers or directors arising out of, or in any way connected with, the Merger
or the other transactions contemplated by the terms of this Agreement, or which
could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on Parent or Sub.
VII.3 Additional Conditions to the Obligations of Parent and Sub. The
obligations of Parent and Sub to consummate and effect this Agreement and the
transactions contemplated hereby shall be subject to the satisfaction at or
prior to the Closing of each of the following conditions, any of which may be
waived, in writing, exclusively by Parent:
(a) Representations and Warranties. The representations and
warranties of Company contained in this Agreement shall be true and correct on
and as of the Closing Date, except for changes contemplated by this Agreement
and except for those representations and warranties which address matters only
as of a particular date (which shall remain true and correct as of such date),
and subject to the right of the Company to update such representations and
warranties in accordance with the provisions of Section 3.24 hereof, with the
same force and effect as if made on and as of the Closing Date.
(b) Agreements and Covenants. Company shall have performed and
complied with all agreements and covenants required by this Agreement to be
performed and complied with by it on or prior to the Closing Date.
(c) Material Adverse Effect. There shall not have occurred any
Material Adverse Effect on Company since the date of this Agreement.
(d) Certificate of Company. Parent shall have been provided
with a certificate executed on behalf of the Company by its President to the
effect that, as of the Closing Date, all representations and warranties made by
the Company in this Agreement and as updated prior to the Closing Date pursuant
to this Agreement, are true and correct in all material respects, and all
covenants, obligations and conditions of this Agreement to be performed by the
Company on or before such date have been so performed.
(e) Third Party Consents. Parent shall have been furnished
with evidence satisfactory to it that Company has obtained the material
consents, approvals and waivers set forth in Section 3.4 of the Company
Disclosure Letter, including without limitation the written confirmation of (i)
each of NationsBank, N.A. and Bank of America of the terms of Section 6.16 and
that such repayment is repayment in full of Company's outstanding debts and
other obligations toward it, and (ii) Major Stockholder of the terms of Section
6.16 and that such repayment is repayment in full of Company's outstanding debts
and other obligations toward it in connection with the $2 million loan extended
by it to Company in 1998.
(f) Employment Offers. No person that was separately
identified by Parent indicated an intention to terminate continued employment by
Sub after Closing.
(g) Executed Ancillary Agreements. The agreements described in
Section 6.1 have been executed and delivered to Parent, and all of such
agreements shall be in full force and effect.
<PAGE>
(h) Legal Opinions. Parent shall have received a legal opinion
from Testa, Hurwitz & Thibeault, LLP, legal counsel to the Company, in
substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit C. Parent shall have received
a legal opinion from Howrey & Simon, in substantially the form attached hereto
as Exhibit D.
(i) No Injunctions or Restraints on Conduct of Business. No
temporary restraining order, preliminary or permanent injunction or other order
issued by any court of competent jurisdiction or other legal or regulatory
restraint or provision challenging Parent's proposed acquisition of the Company,
or limiting or restricting Parent's conduct or operation of the business of the
Company (or its own business) following the Merger shall be in effect, nor shall
any proceeding brought by an administrative agency or commission or other
governmental authority or instrumentality, domestic or foreign, seeking any of
the foregoing be pending.
(j) No Dissenters. The holders of more than five percent of
the outstanding shares of Company Capital Stock shall not have exercised, nor
shall they have any continued right to exercise, appraisal, dissenters' or
similar rights under applicable law with respect to their shares by virtue of
the Merger.
(k) Litigation. There shall be no bona fide action, suit,
claim or proceeding of any nature pending, or overtly threatened, against
Company, its properties or any of its officers or directors, arising out of, or
in any way connected with, the Merger or the other transactions contemplated by
the terms of this Agreement, which could reasonably be expected to have a
Material Adverse Effect on Company.
(l) Termination of Agreements. All Contracts between Company
and its stockholders relating to such stockholders in their capacities as
stockholders and/or employees of Company, including the Securities Purchase
Agreement dated December 30, 1994, shall have been terminated. To remove doubt,
this provision is not applicable to Contracts between Company and Major
Stockholder the subject matter of which is Company's Intellectual Property.
Parent shall have signed an agreement with Ericsson consistent with the March
1998 memorandum of understanding between Parent and Ericsson.
(m) Balance Sheet. Company shall have provided Parent with an
unaudited balance sheet as of March 31, 1998.
(n) FIRPTA Compliance. Company shall have delivered to Parent
properly executed statements in forms reasonably acceptable to Parent for
purposes of satisfying Parent's obligations under Treasury Regulation Sections
1.1445-2(c)(3) and 1.897-2(h)(2), along with written authorization for Parent to
deliver the notice under Section 1.897-2(h)(2) to the IRS, as agent for Company
and on Company's behalf, upon the Closing.
ARTICLE VIII
SURVIVAL OF REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES; ESCROW
VIII.1 Survival of Representations and Warranties. All covenants to be
performed prior to the Effective Time and all representations and warranties in
this Agreement of each party or in any instrument delivered pursuant to this
Agreement shall survive the Merger and any investigation at any time made by or
on behalf of Parent or Company, and continue until the later of (a) 5:00 p.m.,
California time, on the date Parent receives a copy of Parent's first
consolidated audited financial statements after the Closing or (b) only with
regard to a representation or warranty which is the subject of a claim made
before the time set forth in (a) above, either by Parent or Sub relating to the
Escrow Fund or by Company or the stockholders of Company for Parent's or Sub's
breach of their respective representations and warranties, until the resolution
of such claim (the "Expiration Date").
<PAGE>
VIII.2 Escrow Arrangements.
(a) Escrow Fund. At the Effective Time, Major Stockholder will
be deemed to have received and deposited with Citicorp Trust, N.A., California
as escrow agent (the "Escrow Agent"), cash representing the Escrow Amount
without any act of Major Stockholder. Such deposit will constitute an escrow
fund (the "Escrow Fund") to be governed by the terms set forth herein and at
Parent's sole cost and expense (and to the extent Parent fails to pay such costs
and expenses, Parent shall reimburse the Escrow Fund for such amount). No
portion of the Escrow Amount shall be contributed in respect of any Company
Options or Company Common Stock. The Escrow Fund shall be available to
compensate Parent and its affiliates for any Loss incurred by Parent, its
officers, directors, or Affiliates (including the Surviving Corporation), in
good faith, directly or indirectly as a result of any (i) inaccuracy or breach
of a representation or warranty of Company contained herein (as modified by the
Company Disclosure Letter as updated), (ii) failure by Company to perform or
comply with any covenant contained herein, or (iii) payment in respect of
Dissenting Shares which exceeds the consideration that otherwise would have been
payable in respect of such shares; provided, however, that Parent will use
commercially reasonable efforts to minimize its Losses. Parent and Company each
acknowledge that such Losses, if any, would relate to unresolved contingencies
existing at the Effective Time, which if resolved at the Effective Time would
have led to a reduction in the aggregate consideration payable by Parent
pursuant to Section 2.6. Nothing herein shall limit the liability of Company for
any breach of any representation, warranty or covenant (as modified by the
Company Disclosure Letter as updated) if the Merger does not close. Resort to
the Escrow Fund shall be the exclusive contractual remedy of Parent and its
Affiliates against the Company or any of its directors, officers,
representatives, agents, stockholders or Affiliates for any such breaches and
misrepresentations if the Merger closes. Parent shall be entitled to receive
cash from the Escrow Fund only to the extent the aggregate amount by which
Losses incurred with respect to all matters set forth above exceed a
"deductible" of $250,000 and then only to the extent of such excess. The amount
of Losses hereunder shall be reduced by after-tax amounts, if any, actually
received by Parent or Sub under any insurance policy (net of any increased
premiums resulting solely from receipt of such amounts by Parent or Sub). To the
extent a claim is paid from the Escrow Fund to Parent, Parent will constitute
and appoint, effective as of the date of such payment, the Securityholder Agent
on behalf of the Major Stockholder as the true and lawful attorney of Parent
with full power of substitution in the name of the Securityholder Agent or in
the name of Parent, but for the benefit of Securityholder Agent, to pursue
third-party claims or collect amounts for the account of Securityholder Agent
with respect to which a payment was made from the Escrow Fund.
(b) Fraudulent Misrepresentation. Nothing in this Agreement
limits Parent's ability to assert claims of any amount based on a theory of
fraudulent misrepresentation.
(c) Escrow Period; Distribution upon Termination of Escrow
Periods. Subject to the following requirements, the Escrow Fund shall be in
existence immediately following the Effective Time and shall terminate at 5:00
p.m., California time, on the Expiration Date (the "Escrow Period") or sooner
upon delivery of cash pursuant to claims; provided that the Escrow Period shall
not terminate with respect to such amount remaining in the Escrow Fund (or some
portion thereof) which is necessary in the reasonable judgment of Parent,
subject to the objection of the Securityholder Agent and the subsequent
arbitration of the matter in the manner provided hereof, to satisfy any
unsatisfied claims concerning facts and circumstances existing prior to the
termination of such Escrow Period specified in any Officer's Certificate
delivered to the Escrow Agent prior to termination of such Escrow Period. Within
five business days after termination of the Escrow Period, the Escrow Agent
shall deliver to the Major Stockholder the remaining portion of the Escrow Fund.
(d) Protection of Escrow Fund. The Escrow Agent shall hold and
safeguard the Escrow Fund during the Escrow Period, shall treat such fund as a
trust fund in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and not as the
property of Parent and shall hold and dispose of the Escrow Fund only in
accordance with the terms hereof. The Escrow Agent shall deposit the cash
portion of the Escrow Fund in an interest bearing account in instruments earning
market rates of interest. Such accounts may include deposits in Citibank even
though Citibank may receive a benefit or profit therefrom. Interest earned on
cash amounts in the Escrow Fund shall not be added to the Escrow Fund but shall
be distributed to the Major Stockholder.
(e) Claims Upon Escrow Fund. Upon receipt by the Escrow Agent
at any time on or before the last day of the Escrow Period of a certificate
signed by any officer of Parent (an "Officer's Certificate"): (A) stating that
Parent has paid or properly accrued or reasonably anticipates that it will have
to pay or accrue Losses, and (B) specifying in reasonable detail the individual
items of Losses included in the amount so stated, the date each such item was
paid or properly accrued, or the basis for such anticipated liability, and the
nature of the misrepresentation, breach of warranty or covenant to which such
item is related, the Escrow Agent shall, subject to the provisions of Subsection
(f) hereof, deliver to Parent out of the Escrow Fund, as promptly as
practicable, cash held in the Escrow Fund in an aggregate amount equal to such
Losses.
<PAGE>
(f) Objections to Claims. At the time of delivery of any
Officer's Certificate to the Escrow Agent, a duplicate copy of such certificate
shall be delivered to the Securityholder Agent and for a period of thirty days
after such delivery, the Escrow Agent shall make no delivery to Parent of any
Escrow Amounts pursuant to Subsection (e) unless the Escrow Agent shall have
received written authorization from the Securityholder Agent to make such
delivery. After the expiration of such thirty day period, the Escrow Agent shall
make delivery of cash from the Escrow Fund in accordance with Subsection (e)
hereof, provided that no such payment or delivery may be made if the
Securityholder Agent shall object in a written statement to the claim made in
the Officer's Certificate, and such statement shall have been delivered to the
Escrow Agent prior to the expiration of such thirty day period.
(g) Resolution of Conflicts; Arbitration.
(i) In case the Securityholder Agent shall so object
in writing to any claim or claims made in any Officer's Certificate, the
Securityholder Agent and Parent shall attempt in good faith to agree upon the
rights of the respective parties with respect to each of such claims. If the
Securityholder Agent and Parent should so agree, a memorandum setting forth such
agreement shall be prepared and signed by both parties and shall be furnished to
the Escrow Agent. The Escrow Agent shall be entitled to rely on any such
memorandum and distribute cash from the Escrow Fund in accordance with the terms
thereof.
<PAGE>
(ii) If no such agreement can be reached after good
faith negotiation, either Parent or the Securityholder Agent may demand
arbitration of the matter unless the amount of the damage or loss is at issue in
pending litigation with a third party, in which event arbitration shall not be
commenced until such amount is ascertained or both parties agree to arbitration;
and in either such event the matter shall be settled by arbitration conducted by
three arbitrators. Parent and the Securityholder Agent shall each select one
arbitrator, and the two arbitrators so selected shall select a third arbitrator.
The arbitrators shall, within ten (10) business days after the last day of any
hearings on any motion, issue a definitive ruling on such motion. The
arbitrators shall also, within twenty (20) business days from the last day of
any hearings regarding the imposition of sanctions or the issuance of any
awards, issue a definitive ruling on the imposition of any such sanctions or the
issuance of any such award in such arbitration. The arbitrators shall also
establish procedures designed to reduce the cost and time for discovery while
allowing the parties an opportunity, adequate in the sole judgment of the
arbitrators, to discover relevant information from the opposing parties about
the subject matter of the dispute. The arbitrators shall rule upon motions to
compel or limit discovery and shall have the authority to impose sanctions,
including attorneys' fees and costs, to the same extent as a court of competent
law or equity, should the arbitrators determine that discovery was sought
without substantial justification or that discovery was refused or objected to
without substantial justification. The decision of a majority of the three
arbitrators as to the validity and amount of any claim in such Officer's
Certificate shall be binding and conclusive upon the parties to this Agreement,
and notwithstanding anything in Subsection (f) hereof, the Escrow Agent shall be
entitled to act in accordance with such decision and make or withhold payments
out of the Escrow Fund in accordance therewith. Such decision shall be written
and shall be supported by written findings of fact and conclusions which shall
set forth the award, judgment, decree or order awarded by the arbitrators.
(iii) Judgment upon any award rendered by the
arbitrators may be entered in any court having jurisdiction. Any such
arbitration shall be held in San Jose, California under the rules then in effect
of the American Arbitration Association. For purposes of this Subsection (f), in
any arbitration hereunder in which any claim or the amount thereof stated in the
Officer's Certificate is at issue, Parent shall be deemed to be the
Non-Prevailing Party in the event that the arbitrators award Parent less than
the sum of (A) one-half of the disputed amount plus (B) any amounts not in
dispute; otherwise, Major Stockholder as represented by the Securityholder Agent
shall be deemed to be the Non-Prevailing Party. The Non-Prevailing Party to an
arbitration shall pay its own expenses, the fees of each arbitrator, the
administrative costs of the arbitration and the expenses, including without
limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and costs, incurred by the other party to
the arbitration.
(h) Securityholder Agent of the Stockholders; Power of
Attorney.
<PAGE>
(i) In the event that the Merger is approved,
effective upon such vote, and without further act of any stockholder, Lee
Lambert is appointed as agent and attorney-in-fact (the "Securityholder Agent")
for Major Stockholder for and on behalf of Major Stockholder to give and receive
notices and communications, to authorize delivery to Parent of cash from the
Escrow Fund in satisfaction of claims by Parent, to object to such deliveries,
to agree to, negotiate, enter into settlements and compromises of, and demand
arbitration and comply with orders of courts and awards of arbitrators with
respect to such claims, and to take all actions necessary or appropriate in the
judgment of Securityholder Agent for the accomplishment of the foregoing. Such
agency may be changed by the Major Stockholder from time to time upon not less
than thirty days' prior written notice to Parent. The Securityholder Agent may
resign at any time upon giving at least thirty (30) days written notice to
Parent and Major Stockholder. Any vacancy in the position of Securityholder
Agent shall promptly be filled by the Major Stockholder. No bond shall be
required of the Securityholder Agent, and the Securityholder Agent shall not
receive compensation for his or her services. Notices or communications to or
from the Securityholder Agent shall constitute notice to or from the Major
Stockholder.
(ii) The Securityholder Agent shall not be liable for
any act done or omitted hereunder as Securityholder Agent while acting in good
faith and in the exercise of reasonable judgment. The Major Stockholder shall
indemnify the Securityholder Agent and hold the Securityholder Agent harmless
against any Loss incurred without gross negligence or bad faith on the part of
the Securityholder Agent and arising out of or in connection with the acceptance
or administration of the Securityholder Agent's duties hereunder.
(i) Actions of the Securityholder Agent. A decision, act,
consent or instruction of the Securityholder Agent shall constitute a decision
of the Major Stockholder and shall be final, binding and conclusive upon the
Major Stockholder, and the Escrow Agent and Parent may rely upon any such
decision, act, consent or instruction of the Securityholder Agent as being the
decision, act, consent or instruction of the Major Stockholder. The Escrow Agent
and Parent are hereby relieved from any liability to any Person for any acts
done by them in accordance with such decision, act, consent or instruction of
the Securityholder Agent.
(j) Third-Party Claims. In the event Parent becomes aware of a
third-party claim which Parent believes may result in a demand against the
Escrow Fund, Parent shall notify the Securityholder Agent of such claim, and the
Securityholder Agent, as representative for the Major Stockholder, shall be
entitled, at Major Stockholder's expense, to participate in any defense of such
claim. Parent shall have the right in its sole discretion to settle any such
claim; provided that except with the consent of the Securityholder Agent, no
settlement of any such claim with third-party claimants shall alone be
determinative of the amount of any claim against the Escrow Fund. In the event
that the Securityholder Agent has consented to any such settlement, the
Securityholder Agent shall have no power or authority to object under any
provision of this Article VIII to the amount of any claim by Parent against the
Escrow Fund with respect to such settlement to the extent that such amount is
consistent with the terms of such settlement.
(k) Escrow Agent's Duties.
(i) The Escrow Agent shall be obligated only for the
performance of such duties as are specifically set forth herein, and as set
forth in any additional written escrow instructions which the Escrow Agent may
receive after the date of this Agreement which are signed by an officer of
Parent and the Securityholder Agent and are in accordance with the terms of this
Agreement and shall not be responsible for and shall not be under a duty to
examine into or pass upon the validity, binding effect, execution or sufficiency
of this Agreement, and may rely and shall be protected in relying or refraining
from acting on any instrument reasonably believed to be genuine and to have been
signed or presented by the proper party or parties.
(ii) The Escrow Agent is granted the power to effect
any transfer of cash out of the Escrow Fund contemplated by this Agreement.
(iii) The Escrow Agent is hereby authorized to comply
with and obey all orders, judgments or decrees of any court or administrative
agency, notwithstanding any notices, warnings or other communications from any
party or any other Person to the contrary. In case the Escrow Agent obeys or
complies with any such order, judgment or decree of any court, the Escrow Agent
shall not be liable to any of the parties hereto or to any other person by
reason of such compliance, notwithstanding any such order, judgment or decree
being subsequently reversed, modified, annulled, set aside, vacated or found to
have been entered without jurisdiction.
<PAGE>
(iv) In performing any duties under the Agreement,
the Escrow Agent may act directly or through its agents, and shall not be liable
to any party for Losses. Without limiting the foregoing, the Escrow Agent shall
not incur any such liability or responsibility for (A) any act or failure to act
made or omitted in good faith (any such action pursuant to advice of counsel
shall be conclusive evidence of such good faith), (B) any action taken or
omitted in reliance upon any instrument, including any written statement or
affidavit provided for in this Agreement that the Escrow Agent shall in good
faith believe to be genuine, (C) forgeries, fraud, impersonations, or (D) for
the expiration of any rights under any statute of limitations with respect to
this Agreement or any documents deposited with the Escrow Agent.
(v) If any controversy arises between the parties to
this Agreement, or with any other party, concerning the subject matter of this
Agreement, its terms or conditions, the Escrow Agent will not be required to
determine the controversy or to take any action regarding it. The Escrow Agent
may hold all documents and cash and may wait for settlement of any such
controversy by final appropriate legal proceedings or other means as, in the
Escrow Agent's discretion, the Escrow Agent may be required, despite what may be
set forth elsewhere in this Agreement. In such event, the Escrow Agent will not
be liable for Loss. Furthermore, the Escrow Agent may at its option, file an
action of interpleader requiring the parties to answer and litigate any claims
and rights among themselves. The Escrow Agent is authorized to deposit with the
clerk of the court all documents and cash held in escrow, except all cost,
expenses, charges and reasonable attorney fees incurred by the Escrow Agent due
to the interpleader action and which the parties jointly and severally agree to
pay. Upon initiating such action, the Escrow Agent shall be fully released and
discharged of and from all obligations and Liabilities imposed by the terms of
this Agreement.
(vi) The parties and their respective successors and
assigns agree jointly and severally to indemnify and hold Escrow Agent harmless
against any and all Losses, including reasonable costs of investigation and
disbursements that may be imposed on Escrow Agent or incurred by Escrow Agent in
connection with the performance of its duties under this Agreement, including
but not limited to any litigation arising from this Agreement or involving its
subject matter.
(vii) The Escrow Agent may resign at any time upon
giving at least thirty days' written notice to Parent and the Securityholder
Agent. The appointment of a successor escrow agent shall be accomplished as
follows: Parent and the Securityholder Agent shall use their best efforts to
mutually agree on a successor escrow agent within thirty days after receiving
such notice. If the parties fail to agree upon a successor escrow agent within
such time, Parent shall appoint a successor escrow agent with assets of at least
$50 million which has agreed to serve as Escrow Agent (or any other successor
escrow agent with the consent of the Securityholder Agent, which will not be
unreasonably withheld) and promptly notify the Escrow Agent and the
Securityholder Agent of such appointment. The successor escrow agent selected in
the preceding manner shall execute and deliver an instrument accepting such
appointment and it shall thereupon be deemed the Escrow Agent hereunder. The
Escrow Agent will promptly transfer the Escrow Fund to the successor escrow
agent and the successor escrow agent shall, without further acts, be vested with
all the estates, properties, rights, powers, and duties of the predecessor
escrow agent as if originally named as escrow agent. The Escrow Agent shall be
discharged from any further duties and liability under this Agreement.
(viii) This Article may be amended or modified only
if such amendment shall not increase Escrow Agent's responsibilities or
liabilities without Escrow Agent's prior written consent. If the Escrow Agent
does not agree to an amendment agreed upon by the parties hereto, the Escrow
Agent will resign and a successor Escrow Agent will be appointed.
(l) Expenses of Escrow Agent. All fees and expenses of the
Escrow Agent incurred in the ordinary course of performing its duties and
obligations hereunder will be paid by Parent upon receipt of a written invoice
of the Escrow Agent. Any other fees and expenses will be paid equally by Parent
on the one hand, and from the Escrow Fund, on the other hand, upon receipt of a
written invoice of the Escrow Agent.
(m) Tax Qualification of the Escrow Fund. Parent, Sub and the
Company intend that the Escrow Fund shall be administered so as to comply in all
material respects with the guidelines established by the Internal Revenue
Service in Revenue Procedure 84-42, 1984-1 C.B. 521.
<PAGE>
ARTICLE IX
TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND WAIVER
IX.1 Termination. Except as provided in Section 9.2 below, this
Agreement may be terminated and the Merger abandoned at any time prior to the
Effective Time:
(a) by mutual consent of Company and Parent;
(b) by Parent or Company if: (i) the Closing has not occurred
before 5:00 p.m. (Pacific time) on June 30, 1998 (provided that the right to
terminate this Agreement under this clause shall not be available to any party
whose willful failure to fulfill any obligation hereunder has been the cause of,
or resulted in, the failure of the Effective Time to occur on or before such
date); (ii) there shall be a final nonappealable order of a federal or state
court in effect preventing consummation of the Merger; or (iii) there shall be
any Law enacted, promulgated or issued or deemed applicable to the Merger by any
Governmental Entity that would make consummation of the Merger illegal;
(c) by Parent if there shall be any action taken, or any Law
enacted, promulgated or issued or deemed applicable to the Merger by any
Governmental Entity, which would: (i) prohibit Parent's or Company's ownership
or operation of all or a material portion of the business of Company, or (ii)
compel Parent or Company to dispose of or hold separate all or a material
portion of the business or assets of Company or Parent as a result of the
Merger;
(d) by Parent if it is not in material breach of its
obligations under this Agreement and there has been a material breach of any
representation, warranty, covenant or agreement contained in this Agreement on
the part of the Company, provided that, if such breach is curable by the Company
through the exercise of its commercially reasonable efforts, then for ten
business days during which the Company continues to exercise such commercially
reasonable efforts, Parent may not terminate this Agreement under this Section
9.1(d) (provided that, no cure period shall be required for a breach which by
its nature cannot be cured); or
(e) by Company if it is not in material breach of its
obligations under this Agreement and there has been a material breach of any
representation, warranty, covenant or agreement contained in this Agreement on
the part of Parent or Sub, provided that, if such breach is curable by Parent or
Sub through the exercise of its commercially reasonable efforts, then for ten
business days during which Parent or Sub continue to exercise such commercially
reasonable efforts, Company may not terminate this Agreement under this Section
9.1(e) (provided that, no cure period shall be required for a breach which by
its nature cannot be cured).
IX.2 Effect of Termination. In the event of termination of this
Agreement as provided in Section 9.1, this Agreement shall forthwith become void
and there shall be no liability or obligation on the part of Parent, Sub or
Company, or their respective officers, directors or stockholders, except as set
forth in Section 9.3; provided that each party shall remain liable for any
breaches of this Agreement prior to its termination, and provided further that
the provisions of Sections 6.5, 6.6, Article IX and Article X of this Agreement
shall remain in full force and effect and survive any termination of this
Agreement.
IX.3 Amendment. Except as is otherwise required by applicable law after
the stockholders of Company approve this Agreement and except for registration
rights, this Agreement may be amended by the parties hereto at any time by
execution of an instrument in writing signed on behalf of each of the parties
hereto. The registration rights granted hereunder may be amended by Parent and
the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Shares then outstanding.
IX.4 Extension; Waiver. At any time prior to the Effective Time, Parent
and Sub, on the one hand, and Company, on the other, may, to the extent legally
allowed, (i) extend the time for the performance of any of the obligations of
the other party hereto, (ii) waive any inaccuracies in the representations and
warranties made to such party contained herein or in any document delivered
pursuant hereto, and (iii) waive compliance with any of the agreements or
conditions for the benefit of such party contained herein. Any agreement on the
part of a party hereto to any such extension or waiver shall be valid only if
set forth in an instrument in writing signed on behalf of such party.
<PAGE>
IX.5 Notice of Termination. Any termination of this Agreement under
Section 9.1 above will be effective immediately upon the delivery of written
notice by the terminating party to the other parties hereto.
ARTICLE X
GENERAL PROVISIONS
X.1 Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in
writing and shall be deemed given if delivered personally or by commercial
delivery service, or mailed by registered or certified mail (return receipt
requested) or sent via facsimile (with acknowledgment of complete transmission)
to the parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party
as shall be specified by like notice):
(a) if to Parent or Sub, to:
PMC-Sierra, Inc.
105-8555 Baxter Place
Burnaby, British Columbia
Canada V5A 4V7
Attention: President
Facsimile No.: (604) 415-6240
Telephone No.: (604) 415-6000
with a copy to:
Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati, P.C.
650 Page Mill Road
Palo Alto, California 94304-1050
Attention: Neil Wolff
Facsimile No.: (650) 493-6811
Telephone No.: (650) 493-9300
(b) if to the Company, to:
Integrated Telecom Technology, Inc.
18310 Montgomery Village Avenue
Suite 300
Gaithersburg, MD 20879
Attention: President
Facsimile No.: (301) 990-9877
Telephone No.: (301) 990-9890
with a copy to:
Testa, Hurwitz & Thibeault, LLP
High Street Tower
125 High Street
Boston, MA 02110
Attention: Jonathan M. Moulton, Esq.
Facsimile No.: (617) 248-7100
Telephone No.: (617) 248-7000
and a copy to the Major Stockholder as shown below
<PAGE>
(c) if to the Major Stockholder, to:
Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
250, Taepyung-Ro, 2-KA
Chung-Ku, Seoul
Korea 100-742
Attention: Yong Min Kim, Vice President
Facsimile No.: 011-8-22-726-3953
Telephone No.: 011-8-22-726-3850
with a copy to:
Howrey & Simon
1299 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, DC 20004-2402
Attention: Roger A. Klein, Esq.
Facsimile No.: (202) 383-6610
Telephone No.: (202) 783-0800
(d) if to the Escrow Agent, to:
Citicorp Trust, N.A., California
725 So. Figueroa Street
Los Angeles, California 90017
Attention: Hilde Bender, V.P.
Facsimile No.: (213) 683-1825
Telephone No.: (213) 239-1553
X.2 Interpretation. The words "include," "includes" and "including"
when used herein shall be deemed in each case to be followed by the words
"without limitation." The table of contents and headings contained in this
Agreement are for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the
meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.
X.3 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more
counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and
shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of
the parties and delivered to the other party.
X.4 Entire Agreement; Assignment. This Agreement, the Company
Disclosure Letter and Exhibits hereto, and the documents and instruments and
other agreements among the parties hereto referenced herein: (a) constitute the
entire agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and
supersede all prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral, among
the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof except for the Mutual
Confidentiality Agreement, which shall remain in full force and effect in
accordance with its terms; (b) are not intended to confer upon any other person
any rights or remedies hereunder, except that holders of Company Capital Stock
shall be entitled to rely on Parent's and Sub's representations and warranties
contained in Article IV herein and to enforce Parent's obligations under
Sections 6.11, 6.12 and 6.13 hereof; and (c) shall not be assigned by operation
of law or otherwise except as otherwise specifically provided, except that the
rights and obligations of Parent and Sub hereunder may be assigned to their
wholly-owned subsidiaries.
X.5 Severability. In the event that any provision of this Agreement or
the application thereof, becomes or is declared by a court of competent
jurisdiction to be illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of this
Agreement will continue in full force and effect and the application of such
provision to other persons or circumstances will be interpreted so as reasonably
to effect the intent of the parties hereto. The parties further agree to replace
such void or unenforceable provision of this Agreement with a valid and
enforceable provision that will achieve, to the extent possible, the economic,
business and other purposes of such void or unenforceable provision.
<PAGE>
X.6 Other Remedies. Except as otherwise provided herein, any and all
remedies herein expressly conferred upon a party will be deemed cumulative with
and not exclusive of any other remedy conferred hereby, or by law or equity upon
such party, and the exercise by a party of any one remedy will not preclude the
exercise of any other remedy.
X.7 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in
accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, regardless of the laws that
might otherwise govern under applicable principles of conflicts of laws thereof.
Each of the parties hereto agrees that process may be served upon them in any
manner authorized by the laws of the State of Delaware for such persons and
waives and covenants not to assert or plead any objection which they might
otherwise have to such process.
X.8 Rules of Construction. The parties hereto agree that they have been
represented by counsel during the negotiation and execution of this Agreement
and, therefore, waive the application of any law, regulation, holding or rule of
construction providing that ambiguities in an agreement or other document will
be construed against the party drafting such agreement or document.
X.9 Specific Performance. The parties hereto agree that irreparable
damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement
were not performed in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise
breached. It is accordingly agreed that the parties shall be entitled to an
injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches of this Agreement and to enforce
specifically the terms and provisions hereof, this being in addition to any
other remedy to which they are entitled at law or in equity.
<PAGE>
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
signed by their duly authorized respective officers, all as of the date first
written above.
INTEGRATED TELECOM
TECHNOLOGY, INC. PMC-SIERRA, INC.
By /s/ Kenneth K. Lee By /s/ Robert L. Bailey
--------------------------- -------------------------------------
Name Kenneth K. Lee Name Robert L. Bailey
--------------------------- -------------------------------------
Title President Title President and Chief Executive Officer
--------------------------- -------------------------------------
Solely for the purposes of Sections 2.6(d), 6.1(b), 6.4, 6.5, 6.16, 7.2 and
Article VIII:
SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. PMC-SIERRA (MARYLAND), INC.
By /s/ Yong Min Kim By /s/ Robert L. Bailey
--------------------------- -------------------------------------
Name Yong Min Kim Name Robert L. Bailey
--------------------------- -------------------------------------
Title Vice President Title President and Chief Executive Officer
--------------------------- -------------------------------------
With respect to the matters set forth in Article VIII only:
CITICORP TRUST, N.A., CALIFORNIA, as Escrow Agent
By /s/ Hilde Bender
---------------------------
Name Hilde Bender
---------------------------
Title Vice President
---------------------------
SECURITYHOLDER AGENT
/s/ Lee Lambert
- -----------------------------------
LEE LAMBERT
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements on
Form S-8 (File Nos. 33-80992, 33-94790, 33-41027, 33-80988, 333-13387,
333-13357, 333-13359, 333-34671) and Form S-3 (File Nos. 33-86930, 33-90392,
33-96620, 33-97490 and 333-15519) of PMC-Sierra, Inc. (formerly Sierra
Semiconductor Corporation) of our report, dated February 20, 1998, except for
Note 15 as to which the date is April 15, 1998, on our audit of the financial
statements of Integrated Telecom Technology, Inc. as of December 31, 1996 and
1997 and for the years then ended, which report is included in this current
report on Form 8-K for PMC-Sierra, Inc.
/s/ Coopers & Lybrand, L.L.P.
Washington, D.C.
June 2, 1998
