PIONEER HI BRED INTERNATIONAL INC
S-8, 1996-07-26
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION-CROPS
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                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             Washington, D.C. 20549

                                    FORM S-8
                             REGISTRATION STATEMENT
                        UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

                       PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, INC.
             (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

                   Iowa                                  42-0470520
         (State or other jurisdiction of             (I.R.S.  Employer
           incorporation or organization)            Identification No.)

           700 Capital Square, 400 Locust Street, Des Moines, IA 50309
               (Address of Principal Executive Offices)       (Zip Code)

                       PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL INC.
                                STOCK OPTION PLAN
                            (Full title of the Plan)

                                  Susan Griggs
                      700 Capital Square, 400 Locust Street
                              Des Moines, IA 50309
                                 (515) 248-4820

                     (Name and address of agent for service)
                     (Telephone number, including area code,
                           name of agent for service)
<TABLE>

- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<CAPTION>

                                                     Proposed             Proposed
                                                     Maximum              Maximum
 Title of securities      Amount to be      offering price per       aggregate         Amount of
 to be registered         registered (1)         share             offering price       registration fee
  <S>                     <C>                  <C>                  <C>              <C>

- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Common Stock
  Par value $1            973,000              $43.125 (2)          $41,960,625      $14,469.18
  Common Stock
  Par value $1            2,027,000            $51.1875(3)          $103,757,062.5   $35,778.30
    Total Fee                                                                        $50,247.48
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<FN>

(1) There is also being registered hereunder such additional undetermined number
    of shares of  Common Stock which may be issued from time to time as a result
    of the anti-dulution provisions of the Plans.
(2) Exercise price of options that have been granted.

(3) Estimated  solely  for  purposes  of  calculation  of the  registration  fee
    pursuant  to Rule  457(h) and based on the average of the high and low sales
    prices  of the  Common  Stock of  Pioneer  Hi-Bred  International,  Inc.  as
    reported on July 19, 1996 on the New York Stock Exchange.

</FN>
</TABLE>

<PAGE>



                                  INTRODUCTION

        This  Registration  Statement  on Form S-8 is filed by  Pioneer  Hi-Bred
International  Inc., (the "Company" or  "Registrant")  relating to shares of the
common stock, par value $1 (the "Common Stock"), issuable to eligible employees,
officers and  directors of the Company and its  subsidiaries  pursuant to awards
granted under the Company's Stock Option Plan.

                                     PART 1

              INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE SECTION 10(a) PROSPECTUS

Item 1. Plan Information.*

Item 2. Registrant Information and Employee Plan Annual Information. *

               *Information  required by Part 1 of Form S-8 to be  contained  in
the Section  10(a)  prospectus  is omitted from this  Registration  Statement in
accordance  with Rule 428 under the  Securities  Act of 1933,  as  amended  (the
"Securities Act"), and the Note to Part 1 of Form S-8.

                                     PART II

               INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT

Item 3. Incorporation of Documents by Reference.

               The following documents,  which previously have been filed by the
Company with the  Securities and Exchange  Commission  (the  "Commission"),  are
incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof:

               (i) The  Company's  latest  annual  report on Form  10K,  for the
        fiscal year ended August 31, 1995,  filed  pursuant to Section  13(a) or
        15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934;

               (ii)  The  Company's  Quarterly  Reports  on  Form  10-Q  for the
        quarters ended November 30, 1995, February 29, 1996 and May 31, 1996;

               (iii) All other reports filed  pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d)
        of the Securities  Exchange Act of 1934 since the end of the fiscal year
        covered by the annual report referred to in (i) above;

               (iv) The  description of the Company's  Common Stock contained in
        the  Company's  Registration  Statement on Form 8-A,  dated  October 19,
        1995, (Registration Statement No. 95581557),  including any amendment or
        report filed for the purpose of updating such description; and

               (v) The  description of the Common Share Purchase Rights attached
        to Common Stock  contained in the  Company's  Registration  Statement on
        Form 8-A (Registration Statement No. 95581558),  dated October 19, 1995,
        including  any  amendment or report filed for purposes of updating  such
        description.

               All reports and other documents filed by the Company  pursuant to
Sections 13(a),  13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities  Exchange Act of 1934 (the
"Exchange Act") subsequent to the date of this Registration  Statement and Prior
to the filing of a  post-effective  amendment  hereto which  indicates  that all
securities  offered hereunder have been sold or which deregisters all securities
then remaining  unsold,  shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference  herein
and to be a part hereof from the date of filing of such documents.

               For  purposes  of  this  Registration  Statement,  any  statement
contained  in a document  incorporated  or deemed to be  incorporated  herein by
reference  shall be deemed to be  modified  or  superseded  to the extent that a
statement  contained  herein or in any other  subsequently  filed document which
also  is or is  deemed  to be  incorporated  herein  by  reference  modifies  or
supersedes  such  statement  in such  document.  Any  statement  so  modified or
superseded  shall  not be  deemed,  except  as so  modified  or  superseded,  to
constitute a part of this Registration Statement.

Item 4. Description of Securities.

               Not applicable.

Item 5. Interests of Named Experts and Counsel.

               None.

Item 6.  Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

Iowa  Business  Corporation  Act.  The  Company is subject to the Iowa  Business
Corporation  Act (the "Act") which  provides for or permits  indemnification  of
Directors and officers in certain situations.  Unless limited by its Articles of
Incorporation, indemnification is mandatory for a Director or an officer (not an
employee) who was wholly successful,  on the merits or otherwise, in the defense
of any  proceeding  to which the  Director or officer was a party  because  such
person is or was a Director  or officer of the  corporation  against  reasonable
expenses  incurred by the Director or officer in connection with the proceeding.
In addition,  unless the Articles of Incorporation provide otherwise, a Director
or  officer  may apply for  limited  court  ordered  indemnification  if certain
standards are met.

The  Act by its  terms  expressly  permits  indemnification  where  a  Director,
officer,  employee  or agent  acted in good  faith and in a manner  such  person
reasonably  believed  to be in (if  acting  in its  official  capacity),  or not
opposed to, the Company's best  interests,  and, in a criminal  action,  if such
person had no reasonable  cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful.
No  indemnification  is permitted in  connection  with a proceeding by or in the
right  of a  corporation  in  which  the  person  was  adjudged  liable  to  the
corporation  or in  connection  with  any  other  proceeding  charging  improper
personal benefit to the Director, whether or not involving action in an official
capacity,  in which the person was  adjudged  liable on the basis that  personal
benefit was improperly received.

The Act also permits advancement of expenses to a Director,  officer,  employees
or  agents  upon 1)  receipt  of an  undertaking  by such to repay  all  amounts
advanced if it shall  ultimately be determined that he or she is not entitled to
be indemnified by the  corporation;  2) the person  furnishes the  corporation a
written  affirmation  of the  person's  good faith  belief he or she has met the
applicable  standard or conduct; or 3) determination is made that the facts then
known to those making the determination would not preclude indemnification.

Generally,  the above  provisions of the Act are permissive in nature.  The only
indemnification  requirement  imposed by the Act is that,  unless limited by its
Articles  of  Incorporation,  a company  must  indemnify  a Director  or officer
against  reasonable  expenses  incurred in connection with the wholly successful
defense of a proceeding.

The Act specifically  provides that, subject to certain  limitations,  its terms
shall not be deemed exclusive of any other right to  indemnification  to which a
Director  or  officer  may  be  entitled  under  a  corporation's   Articles  of
Incorporation or Bylaws, or any agreement, vote of shareholders or disinterested
Directors, or otherwise. However, indemnification cannot be provided in the case
of  1)  breach  of  the  director's  duty  of  loyalty  to  the  corporation  or
shareholders;  2) an act  or  omission  not in  good  faith;  3) an  intentional
misconduct;  4) a knowing  violation of the law; 5) a transaction from which the
person  seeking   indemnification  derives  an  improper  personal  benefit;  6)
liability for certain unlawful  distributions;  and 7) the person being adjudged
liable to the corporation in a proceeding by or in the right of the corporation.
Indemnification  by or in the right of the  corporation is limited to reasonable
expenses in connection with the proceeding.

THE ABOVE IS A SUMMARY OF THE ACT  WHICH SHOULD BE READ AND REVIEWED CAREFULLY

Bylaws. Under the Bylaws and Indemnification Agreements, officers, Directors and
employees  will be  indemnified  to the fullest  extent  permitted by law. Under
current  Iowa  law,   indemnification   is  generally   not   permitted  in  the
circumstances  set forth in the last full  paragraph of the section titled "Iowa
Business Corporation Act ."

The key terms of the Bylaw provision are the following:

     a)   The Company is required to indemnify officers, directors and employees
          for expenses and liabilities by reason of the fact that such person is
          or was a  director,  officer  or  employee  of the  Company or while a
          director,  officer or  employee of the Company was serving for another
          entity at the  request or with  approval of the Company to the fullest
          extent permitted by law as the law exists or may thereafter be amended
          (but  only  to  the  extent  greater  protection  is  permitted).  The
          provision does limit  indemnification for proceedings initiated by the
          indemnitee,    except   with   Company   consent,   to   enforce   the
          indemnification provision;
     b)   Mandatory  expense  advancement is provided upon a promise to repay if
          it  is  later   determined   that  the  person  was  not  entitled  to
          indemnification;
     c)   The  following  make  determinations  as  to  whether  the  applicable
          standard  was met: 1) the board of  directors  by  majority  vote of a
          quorum  consisting  of  directors  not  at  the  time  parties  to the
          proceeding  , 2) if a quorum  cannot be  obtained,  a  committee  duly
          designated by the board of directors,  in which designation  directors
          who are  parties  may  participate,  consisting  solely of two or more
          directors not at the time parties to the proceeding,  3) special legal
          counsel or 4) the shareholders;
     d)   Partial  indemnification  is provided if some but not all  liabilities
          and expenses are entitled to indemnification;
     e)   Company consent to settlement is required;
     f)   An individual  may bring suit to enforce the Bylaw  provisions if they
          are not paid within 60 days after a written claim;
     g)   The  rights  under the  Bylaws  are  nonexclusive  of other  rights to
          indemnification;
     h)   The   Company  is   authorized   to  set  up  trusts  for  payment  of
          indemnification  (the Company does not currently anticipate setting up
          such a trust);
     i)   The Company is authorized to provide  insurance (the Company currently
          has insurance);
     j)   The right to  indemnification  is  contractual  and  cannot be amended
          retroactively;
     k)   Indemnification  is  provided  for suits to  enforce  the  contractual
          rights;
     l)   The Company is provided subrogation rights;
     m)   The potential indemnitee must provide notice of proceedings;
     n)   The Company is entitled  to  participate  in any suit or to assume the
          defenses of the indemnitees,  with counsel reasonably  satisfactory to
          the  indemnitee.  Indemnitee  shall  have the right to employ  its own
          counsel.  After the Company assumes defense, fees and expenses of such
          counsel will be at the expense of the indemnitee  unless 1) authorized
          by the Company;  2) the Company has not employed  counsel or cannot in
          good faith without  conflict  assume the defense of indemnitee;  or 3)
          the  counsel  selected  by the  Company  does not in fact  assume  the
          defense;
     o)   The  Company   may,  by  Board  of   Directors   resolution,   provide
          indemnification to officers,  directors or employees of other entities
          not otherwise  provided  indemnification by the Bylaws. The Company is
          reviewing which officers, directors and employees of its affiliates it
          may want to provide indemnification protection;
     p)   Indemnification  and  advancements  are provided to an indemnitee  for
          serving as a witness; and
     q)   Directors,  officers or employees are provided the  protection  stated
          above for serving employee benefit plans.

     Indemnification  Agreements. The Indemnification Agreements are intended to
supplement the indemnification  provisions of the Bylaws in order to attract and
retain qualified Directors and officers.

The terms of the  Indemnification  Agreements  closely parallel the Bylaws.  The
Indemnification   Agreements  require  indemnification  of  and  advancement  of
expenses for Directors and officers to the fullest  extent allowed by law as now
exist or may be amended, but only to any extent greater protection is provided.

The  Indemnification  Agreements  also set  forth a  number  of  procedural  and
substantive  matters  which  presently  are not  covered or are  covered in less
detail in the Bylaws, including the following:

First, each  Indemnification  Agreement requires that, at the time of any Change
in Control, as defined in the Indemnification Agreement, the Company will obtain
at its expense and maintain for the duration of the Indemnification Agreement an
irrevocable  standby  letter of credit in the  amount of  $1,000,000  or more in
favor of each person  covered by an agreement to secure the  obligations  of the
Company  under  the   Indemnification   Agreement.   A  person   covered  by  an
Indemnification Agreement could draw upon the letter of credit any time after he
or  she  makes  a  demand   upon  the   Company  for  payment  of  a  claim  for
indemnification  which is not subsequently  paid by the Company.  Each letter of
credit would provide a person covered by an  Indemnification  Agreement with the
assurance that, notwithstanding the inability of the Company or unwillingness of
a new Board of Directors to pay for  indemnification  under the  Indemnification
Agreement, the person will have a minimum amount of protection from liability.

Second,  the  Indemnification  Agreements  establish a presumption that a person
covered by an  Indemnification  Agreement  has met the  applicable  standard  of
conduct  required for  indemnification,  and the Company has the burden of proof
(by clear and convincing  evidence) to overcome such presumption in reaching any
contrary  determination.  The termination of any claim, issue or matter does not
adversely affect the right to  indemnification  or create a presumption that the
person did not act in good faith.  Reliance on certain  information is deemed to
be in good  faith and  knowledge  and  actions  of others is not  imputed to the
indemnitee.  The right of a person  covered by an  Indemnification  Agreement to
indemnification  under the  Indemnification  Agreement  will be  determined by a
forum selected by such persons consisting of either:  (i) disinterested  members
of the Board of Directors;  (ii) independent legal counsel;  or (iii) a panel of
three arbitrators.  If the Company does not submit the claim to a selected forum
within 30 days after notice  thereof or if the  selected  forum fails to reach a
decision within 30 days, the person covered by an  Indemnification  Agreement is
automatically deemed to be entitled to indemnification under the Indemnification
Agreement.

Third,  the  Indemnification  Agreement does not terminate until the later of 10
years  after  the  person  ceases  to  serve in a  capacity  covered  under  the
Indemnification  Agreement or termination of all proceedings in respect to which
the officer or director is granted the right of indemnification.

Fourth,  the  Indemnification  Agreement  explicitly states that all dismissals,
with or without  prejudice,  shall be deemed successful  defenses if there is no
finding indemnitee did not act in good faith.

Fifth,  the  Indemnification  Agreement  obligates the Company to use reasonable
efforts to purchase and maintain insurance.

Sixth,  the  Indemnification  Agreement  prevents  suits by or on  behalf of the
Company  against  the  Indemnitee  two  years  after the  person  ceases to be a
director or officer or serve for the Company.

Item 7. Exemption from Registration Claimed.

               Not applicable.

Item 8. Exhibits.

Exhibit No.      Description

4.1              Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. Stock Option Plan.

4.2              Articles of Incorporation of the Company, as amended, as
                 presently in effect.

4.3              Bylaws of the Company, as amended, as presently in effect.

4.4              Amended and Restated Rights Agreement dated December 13, 1994
                 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1 to the Company's Form
                 8A/A-1 dated March 14, 1995, file No. 95520632).

4.5              Specimen of the Company's Common Stock Certificate.

5.1              Opinion of Legal Counsel (relating to legality of securities
                 being registered).

23.1             Consent of Independent Auditors.

23.2             Consent of Legal Counsel (included in Exhibit 5.1 hereto).


Item 9. Undertakings.

        (a)    The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:

               (1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being
made, a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement:

                      (i)    To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)
        (3) of the Securities Act;

                      (ii) To  reflect  in the  prospectus  any  facts or events
        arising after the effective date of the  Registration  Statement (or the
        most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which,  individually or in
        the aggregate,  represent a fundamental  change in the  information  set
        forth in the Registration Statement;

                      (iii) To include any material  information with respect to
        the plan of distribution  not previously  disclosed in the  Registration
        Statement or any material change to such information in the Registration
        Statement;  provided,  however,  that paragraphs (a) (1) (i) and (a) (1)
        (ii) do not  apply  if the  information  required  to be  included  in a
        post-effective  amendment by those  paragraphs  in contained in periodic
        reports filed by the Registrant  pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d)
        of  the  Exchange  Act  that  are   incorporated  by  reference  in  the
        Registration Statement.

               (2) That, for the purpose of determining  any liability under the
Securities Act, each such  post-effective  amendment shall be deemed to be a new
registration  statement  relating to the  securities  offered  therein,  and the
offering of such  securities  at the time shall be deemed to be the initial bona
fide offering thereof.

               (3) To  remove  from  registration  by means of a  post-effective
amendment  any of the  securities  being  registered  which remain unsold at the
termination of the offering.

        (b) The undersigned  Registrant  hereby undertakes that, for purposes of
determining  any  liability  under  the  Securities  Act,  each  filing  of  the
Registrant's  annual  report  pursuant to Section  13(a) or Section 15(d) of the
Exchange Act that is  incorporated  by reference in the  Registration  Statement
shall be deemed to be a new  registration  statement  relating to the securities
offered therein,  and offering of such securities at the time shall be deemed to
be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

        (c)  Insofar  as  indemnification  for  liabilities  arising  under  the
Securities Act may be permitted to directors,  officers and controlling  persons
of the  Registrant  pursuant to the  foregoing  provisions,  or  otherwise,  the
Registrant  has  been  advised  that  in  the  opinion  of the  Commission  such
indemnification  is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and
is,  therefore,  unenforceable.  In the event  that a claim for  indemnification
against such  liabilities  (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses
incurred or paid by a director,  officer or controlling person of the Registrant
in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such
director,  officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being
registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter
has been  settled by  controlling  precedent,  submit to a court of  appropriate
jurisdiction the question whether such  indemnification  by it is against public
policy as  expressed  in the  Securities  Act and will be  governed by the final
adjudication of such issue.


                                 SIGNATURES

               The  Registrant.  Pursuant to the  requirements of the Securities
Act of 1933, the Registrant  certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe
that it meets all of the  requirement for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused
this  Registration  Statement  to be  signed on its  behalf by the  undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized,  in the City of Des Moines,  State of Iowa on the 26
day of July, 1996.

                       PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, INC.
                                    Registrant



                     By:____________________________________
                             Jerry L. Chicoine
                             Senior Vice President
                             Chief Financial Officer & Secretary



<PAGE>



               Pursuant to the  requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration  Statement  has  been  signed  by  the  following  persons  in  the
capacities and on the dates indicated.



Signature                           Title                           Date



____________________________        President
Charles S. Johnson                  and Chief Executive
                                    Officer/Director                7/26/96


____________________________        Senior Vice President
Jerry L. Chicoine                   and Chief Financial Officer     7/26/96


____________________________        Vice President
Brian G. Hart                       and Corporate Controller


____________________________        Director
Thomas N. Urban


____________________________        Director
Dr. Owen J. Newlin


____________________________        Director
Nancy Y. Bekavac


____________________________        Director
C. Robert Brenton


____________________________        Director
Dr. Pedro M. Cuatrecasas


____________________________        Director
Dr. Ray A. Goldberg


____________________________        Director
Fred S. Hubbell


____________________________        Director
Luiz Kaufmann


____________________________        Director
Dr. F. Warren McFarlan


____________________________        Director
Dr. Virginia Walbot


____________________________        Director
H. Scott Wallace


____________________________        Director
Fred W. Weitz


____________________________        Director
Herman H.F. Wijffels





                       PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, INC.
                                STOCK OPTION PLAN


1.   Establishment of the Plan.

     a)   The Company hereby establishes the Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc.
          Stock Option Plan (the "Plan").

     b)   Purpose.

          The  intent of the Plan is to  assure  that  executives  and other key
          employees  have a concrete  interest in the  long-term  success of the
          Company and to give such employees the long-term  perspective required
          in an industry which takes several years to develop a product,  and to
          align the interest of such employees  with the long-term  interests of
          shareholders.

2.   Definitions.

     a)   "Board" means the Board of Directors of Pioneer Hi-Bred International,
          Inc.

     b)   "Change  in  Control"  means (i) the  acquisition,  whether  directly,
          indirectly,  beneficially  (within  the  meaning  of Rule 13d-3 of the
          Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "1934 Act")),  or
          of record,  of  securities  of  Pioneer  Hi-Bred  International,  Inc.
          representing  twenty-five percent (25%) or more in number of any class
          of its then outstanding  voting securities by any "person" (within the
          meaning of Sections 13(d) and 14(d)(2) of the 1934 Act), including any
          corporation or group of associated  persons  acting in concert,  other
          than (A) the Corporation  and/or (B) any employee pension benefit plan
          (within the meaning of Section 3(2) of the Employee  Retirement Income
          Security  Act of 1974,  as  amended) of the  Corporation,  including a
          trust  established  pursuant to any such plan, or (ii) the  nomination
          and election of  twenty-five  percent  (25%) or more of the members of
          the Board of the Corporation without recommendation of such Board. The
          ownership  of record of 25% or more in number of any class of the then
          outstanding  voting  securities of the Corporation by a person engaged
          in the business of acting as nominee for unrelated  beneficial  owners
          shall  not in and of  itself  be  deemed  to  constitute  a Change  in
          Control.

     c)   "Committee" means the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors
          of the Company or any successor committee.

     d)   "Company"   means  Pioneer  Hi-Bred   International,   Inc.,  an  Iowa
          Corporation and any division, subsidiary or affiliate thereof.

     e)   "Competition" shall mean (i) engaging, directly or indirectly, whether
          as an employee, independent contractor, consultant, or otherwise, in a
          business  similar to the business of the Company,  and/or (ii) owning,
          managing,  operating,  controlling,  being  employed  by or  having  a
          financial  interest in, or being  connected  in any manner  with,  the
          ownership,  management,  operation,  or  conduct  of any such  similar
          business,  provided  that  mere  ownership  (directly,  indirectly  or
          beneficially)  of the stock of a  corporation  representing  less than
          five percent (5%) of such corporation's outstanding stock shall not be
          considered competition.

     f)   "Early  Retirement" means retirement of a Participant,  who remains in
          the  employ  of the  Company  until  his  retirement  on or after  age
          fifty-five (55) but prior to age sixty-five (65).  Notwithstanding the
          prior sentence,  the Participant  must complete five (5) years of full
          time service with the Company before such retirement.

     g)   "Fair Market  Value" of a share of Common  Stock of the Company  shall
          mean, with respect to the date in question,  either (x) the average of
          the  highest  and  lowest  officially-quoted  selling  prices  on such
          exchange or (y) the closing  sale price of such stock,  as selected by
          the  Committee;  or if the  Company's  Common  Stock is not  quoted by
          NASDAQ, traded on such an exchange, or otherwise traded publicly,  the
          value determined, in good faith, by the Committee.

     h)   "Normal  Retirement"  means retirement by a Participant who remains in
          the  employ  of the  Company  until age 65 or any time on or after the
          Participant attains age 65.

     i)   "Option" means an option granted under this Plan

     j)   "Participant" means an employee who is eligible to participate in this
          plan under Section 4.

     k)   "Plan" means the Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. Stock Option Plan
          as amended from time to time.

     l)   "Shares"  means the Common  Stock,  $1 par value,  of Pioneer  Hi-Bred
          International, Inc.

     m)   "Termination  for  Cause"  means  termination  as  determined  by  the
          Committee,  except after a Change in Control,  "Termination for Cause"
          shall mean the  termination of employment of a Participant as a direct
          result of an act or acts of  dishonesty,  constituting  a felony under
          the laws of the United  States or the State of Iowa and  resulting  or
          intended  to  result  directly  or  indirectly  in  gain  or  personal
          enrichment at the expense of the Company. An act or acts of dishonesty
          constituting  a felony will be deemed to occur only if the act or acts
          constituting  the felony are  established  either by (a) the  specific
          admission of the Participant or (b) a final nonappealable  judgment of
          a court of competent jurisdiction.

3.   Administration.

     a)   Administration.  The Plan shall be administered by the Committee.  The
          Committee  shall have  authority to make all  determinations  required
          under the Plan, to interpret  the Plan,  to decide  questions of facts
          arising under the Plan, to formulate  rules and  regulations  covering
          the  operation  of the  Plan  and to  make  all  other  determinations
          necessary  or  desirable  in  the  administration  of  the  Plan.  The
          decisions of the  Committee on any  questions  concerning or involving
          the  interpretation  or  administration of the Plan shall be final and
          conclusive.

     b)   Delegation  of Authority.  The  Committee may delegate,  to the extent
          allowed by law, to any  officer of the  Company  its duties  under the
          Plan pursuant to such  conditions or  limitations as the Committee may
          establish,  except  that  only the  Committee  may  select,  and grant
          Options  to,  Participants  who  are  subject  to  Section  16 of  the
          Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

4.   Participation.

     Participation in the Plan shall be limited to executive  officers and those
     other key  employees  of the Company and its  subsidiaries  selected by the
     Committee.

     Directors who are officers of the Company shall be eligible to  participate
     in the Plan. No director who is not an officer of the Company and no member
     of the Committee shall be eligible to participate in the Plan.


5.   Grants.

        The  Committee may from time to time grant to  Participants  Options for
        such  number of  Shares as the  Committee  shall  determine  in its sole
        discretion (such individuals to whom grants are made being herein called
        "Optionees").  The Options granted shall take such form as the Committee
        shall determine, subject to the following terms and conditions.

     a)   Price.  The price  per share  deliverable  upon the  exercise  of each
          Option  ("exercise  price")  shall  not be less  than 100% of the Fair
          Market Value of the Shares on the date the option is granted.

     b)   Exercise. Options may be exercised in whole or in part upon payment of
          the exercise price of the Shares to be acquired. Payment shall be made
          in cash or, in the discretion of the Committee,  in shares  previously
          acquired by the  Participant  and held by the Participant for at least
          six months or a  combination  of cash and such shares of Common Stock.
          The Fair Market Value of shares of Common  Stock  tendered on exercise
          of Options shall be determined on the date of exercise.

     c)   Exercise  Through a Broker.  Options may be  exercised  in whole or in
          part upon delivery (including by fax) to the Company of an irrevocable
          written  notice  of  exercise  with  irrevocable   instructions  to  a
          broker-dealer  to  sell  (or  margin)  some or all of the  Shares  and
          deliver sale (or margin loan) proceeds  directly to the Company to pay
          the  exercise  price and  withholding  taxes.  The date on which  such
          notice is received by the Company shall be the date of exercise of the
          option,  provided  that within three  business days of the delivery of
          such notice the funds to pay for exercise of the option are  delivered
          to the Company by a broker acting on behalf of the Optionee  either in
          connection  with the sale of the  shares  underlying  the option or in
          connection  with the making of a margin loan to the Optionee to enable
          payment of the exercise  price of the option.  In connection  with the
          foregoing,  the  Company  will  provide  a  copy  of  the  notice  and
          instructions  to the  aforesaid  broker upon receipt by the Company of
          such notice and will  deliver to such broker,  within  three  business
          days of the delivery of such notice to the Company,  a certificate  or
          certificates  (as requested by the broker)  representing the number of
          shares  underlying  the option  that have been sold by such broker for
          the Optionee.

     d)   Terms of Options.  The term during  which each option may be exercised
          shall be determined by the Committee,  but in no event shall an option
          be  exercisable  in  whole or in part in less  than  one  year  unless
          accelerated  as set forth  herein or,  more than ten years and one day
          from the date it is granted.

          All rights to  purchase  shares  pursuant to an option  shall,  unless
          sooner terminated, expire at the date designated by the Committee. The
          Committee  shall  determine the date on which each option shall become
          exercisable and may provide that an option shall become exercisable in
          installments.   The  shares   constituting  each  installment  may  be
          purchased  in  whole  or in part at any time  after  such  installment
          becomes  exercisable,  subject to such minimum exercise requirement as
          is designated by the Committee.  The Committee may accelerate the time
          at which any option may be exercised in whole or in part. The Optionee
          shall not be entitled to any voting rights on any stock represented by
          outstanding Options.

     e)   Termination of Employment; Change in Control. If an Optionee ceases to
          be an employee of the Company due to Normal Retirement, death or total
          and  permanent  disability,  a) each of the  Optionee's  unvested  and
          unexpired  Options  shall  become  fully  vested,  and b)  each of the
          Optionee's  exercisable  Options  (including  those Options  vested in
          clause a of this  paragraph)  shall only remain  exercisable  for, and
          shall  otherwise  terminate at the end of, a period of one year or for
          such other period as the Committee  determines in its sole  discretion
          from the date of termination of employment. Notwithstanding the above,
          an  Option  shall  not  be  exercisable   after  its  expiration  date
          established  pursuant to section  5d.

          If an  Optionee  ceases  to be an  employee  of the  Company  upon the
          occurrence  of his or her Early  Retirement,  a) the  Committee in its
          sole  discretion may vest all or a portion of the Optionee's  options,
          b) each of the  Optionee's  exercisable  Options vested in clause a of
          this paragraph shall only remain  exercisable for, and shall otherwise
          terminate at the end of, a period  determined  by the Committee in its
          sole  discretion,  and b) each of the Optionee's  exercisable  Options
          (excluding  those Options vested in clause a of this paragraph)  shall
          only remain exercisable for, and shall otherwise  terminate at the end
          of a period  of one year or for such  other  period  as the  Committee
          determines in its sole discretion after the date of Early  Retirement.
          Notwithstanding  the above,  an Option shall not be exercisable  after
          its expiration date established pursuant to section 5d.

          If an  Optionee  ceases  to be an  employee  of  the  Company  due  to
          Termination for Cause (including  after a Change in Control),  each of
          the Optionee's  Options  (including both vested and unvested  options)
          shall be forfeited.

          If an  Optionee  ceases to be a full time  employee of the Company for
          any reason other than death, Disability, Normal or Early Retirement or
          Termination for Cause, each of the Optionee's then exercisable Options
          shall only remain  exercisable  for, and shall otherwise  terminate at
          the end of,  a  period  of 90 days or for  such  other  period  as the
          Committee  determines  in  its  sole  discretion  after  the  date  of
          termination of employment.  Notwithstanding the above, an Option shall
          not be exercisable  after its expiration date established  pursuant to
          section 5d. All of Optionee's Options that were not exercisable on the
          date of such termination shall be forfeited.

          Notwithstanding  anything to the  contrary  herein,  if a  participant
          ceases to be a full time  employee of the  Company or any  subsidiary,
          for any reason other than  Termination for Cause, the Committee at its
          sole  discretion a) may accelerate the vesting of any unvested  Option
          so that it will become fully vested and  exercisable as of the date of
          such  participant's  termination  of employment and b) may establish a
          period  for which any  exercisable  Option  (including  those  Options
          vested  in  clause  a of this  paragraph)  shall  remain  exercisable.
          Notwithstanding  the above,  an Option shall not be exercisable  after
          its expiration date established pursuant to section 5d.

          If there is a Change  in  Control  of the  Company,  there  will be an
          automatic  acceleration  of the vesting of any  outstanding  Option so
          that it will become  fully vested and  exercisable  upon the Change in
          Control  and except  only for  Termination  for Cause or  engaging  in
          Competition,  shall  remain  exercisable  until  its  expiration  date
          established pursuant to section 5d.

     f)   Competition.  Notwithstanding  the above,  unless an Optionee receives
          written consent to do so from the Company,  if the Optionee engages in
          Competition each of the Optionee's  Options (including both vested and
          unvested  options)  shall be forfeited.  Such consent must  explicitly
          refer to the Optionee's stock Options to be effective

     g)   Maximum.  The  maximum  number of shares  with  respect to which stock
          options may be granted to any single individual in any period covering
          five consecutive Plan Years shall not exceed 500,000 shares.

6.      Shares Available for the Plan.

     a)   Number.  Subject to  adjustments  as  provided in Section 8, the total
          number of Shares  that may be issued  pursuant  to the Plan  shall not
          exceed  3,000,000.  These Shares may consist,  in whole or in part, of
          authorized  but unissued  shares or shares  reacquired  by the Company
          including,  without  limitation,  Shares purchased in the open market,
          and not reserved for any other purpose.

     b)   Reacquired  Shares.  If, at any time, any Option expires or terminates
          unexercised or fails to vest, such unpurchased Shares shall thereafter
          be available for further grants under the Plan.

7.      Written Agreement.

        Each  employee to whom a grant is made under the Plan shall enter into a
        written  agreement with the Company that shall contain such  provisions,
        consistent with the provisions of the Plan, as may be established by the
        Committee.

8.      Adjustments.

        In the  event of any  change in the  outstanding  shares of stock of the
        Corporation   by   reason   of   a   stock   dividend,    stock   split,
        recapitalization,  merger,  consolidation,  combination,  or exchange of
        shares or other  similar  corporate  change,  the  Committee in its sole
        discretion  shall make such  adjustments as it deems  appropriate in the
        aggregate  number  and kind of shares  issuable  under the Plan,  in the
        number and kind of shares  covered by grants made under the Plan, and in
        the exercise price of outstanding  Options, and such determination shall
        be conclusive.  In the event of any  liquidation,  dissolution,  merger,
        consolidation or other reorganization ("Transaction"), the Options shall
        continue in effect in accordance  with their  respective  terms,  except
        that following a Transaction  each Optionee shall be entitled to receive
        in respect of each Share subject to any outstanding Options, as the case
        may be, upon exercise of any Option,  the same number and kind of stock,
        securities, cash, property, or other consideration that each holder of a
        Share was entitled to receive in the  Transaction in respect of a Share.
        After the Distribution  Date as defined in the Rights Agreement  between
        Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc. and the First National Bank of Boston
        as  Rights  Agent,  the  Committee  will make  adjustments  to avoid the
        dilutive  impact of the  exercise  of rights or the  exchange  of rights
        pursuant to such agreement.

9.      Withholding of Taxes.

        The Company may  require,  as a condition to any grant under the Plan or
        to the delivery of certificates  for shares issued  hereunder,  that the
        grantee pay to the Company,  in cash, any federal,  state or local taxes
        of any kind  required by law to be withheld  with  respect to any grant,
        vesting,  exercise or any delivery of shares or Options.  The Committee,
        in its sole  discretion,  may  permit  Participants  to pay  such  taxes
        through  a) the  withholding  of shares  otherwise  deliverable  to such
        Participant  in  connection  with the  exercise  of the  Option,  b) the
        delivery to the Company of Shares otherwise acquired by the participant,
        or c) through the brokerage  exercise feature described in Section 5(c).
        The Shares withheld by the Company or Shares tendered to the Company for
        satisfaction of tax withholding  obligations under this section shall be
        valued in the same manner as used in  computing  the  withholding  taxes
        under  applicable law. The Company,  to the extent permitted or required
        by law,  shall  have the right to deduct  from any  payment  of any kind
        (including  salary or bonus) otherwise due to a Participant any federal,
        state or local taxes of any kind  required  by law to be  withheld  with
        respect to any grant,  or vesting of Options  under the Plan or delivery
        of shares,  or to retain or sell without  notice a sufficient  number of
        the  Shares to be issued to such  Participant  to cover any such  taxes,
        provided  that the  Company  shall not sell any such shares if such sale
        would be considered a sale by such  Participant  for purposes of Section
        16 of the Exchange Act.

10.     Listing and Registration.

        If  the  Committee  determines  that  the  listing,   registration,   or
        qualification  upon any  securities  exchange or under any law of shares
        subject to any Option is necessary or desirable as a condition of, or in
        connection with, the granting of same or the issue or purchase of shares
        thereunder,  no such Option may be  exercised in whole or in part unless
        such  listing,  registration  or  qualification  is effected free of any
        conditions not acceptable to the Committee.

11.     Transfer of Employee and Leaves of Absence.

        Transfer  of an  employee  from  the  Company  to a  Subsidiary,  from a
        Subsidiary to the Company,  and from one Subsidiary to another shall not
        be considered a termination of employment.  Nor shall it be considered a
        termination  of  employment if an employee is placed on military or sick
        leave or such other leave of absence  which is  considered as continuing
        intact  the  employment  relationship;  in such a case,  the  employment
        relationship  shall be continued until the date when an employee's right
        to  reemployment  shall no  longer  be  guaranteed  either  by law or by
        contract.

12.     Duration of the Plan.

        The date of  commencement  of the Plan shall be September  1, 1995.  The
        Plan shall continue until  terminated by the Board.  Any Options granted
        prior to shareholder  approval may not be exercised  until,  and will be
        void unless,  shareholder approval is obtained as required by applicable
        laws.

13.     Amendment and Termination of the Plan.

     a)   Amendment.  This Plan may be amended by the Board, without shareholder
          approval except as otherwise required by the law.

     b)   Termination.  The Company  reserves the right to terminate the Plan at
          any time by action of the Board.


     c)   Existing Options. Neither amendment nor termination of this Plan shall
          affect  any  outstanding  Options.  However,  with the  consent of the
          grantee affected thereby,  the Committee may amend or modify the grant
          of any  outstanding  Option  in any  manner  to the  extent  that  the
          Committee  would  have  had the  authority  to make  such  grant as so
          modified or amended,  including without  limitation to change the date
          or dates as of which an option becomes exercisable without limitation.

14.     Provisions Applicable Solely to Insiders.

        Persons  subject to Section 16 of the  Securities  and  Exchange  Act of
        1934,  as  amended  ("Section  16") with  respect to  securities  of the
        Company, may have to comply with additional rules imposed by the Company
        to ensure compliance with Section 16.

15.     Miscellaneous

     a)   No Contract of Employment.  Nothing in this Plan shall be construed as
          a contract of  employment  between  the  Company and any  Participant.
          Nothing in this Plan  shall be deemed to  constitute  a  contract  for
          services between the Company and a Participant,  and nothing contained
          in the  Plan  shall  be  deemed  to give a  Participant  any  right to
          continue  furnishing  services to the Company or the Company any right
          to demand such services. Nothing in this Plan shall be construed as an
          elimination  of the right of the Company to  discharge a  Participant,
          with or without cause.

     b)   Severability.  If any  provision  of this Plan is held to be  illegal,
          invalid,   or   unenforceable,    such   illegality,   invalidity   or
          unenforceability  shall not affect the  remaining  provisions  of this
          Plan,  and such  provision  shall be construed and enforced as if such
          illegal, invalid, or unenforceable provision had never been inserted.


     c)   Governing Law. This Plan shall be governed by the laws of the State of
          Iowa without reference to the principles of conflict of laws therein.

                       PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, INC.



                      By:_________________________________
                               Charles S. Johnson
                               President and CEO


- -----------------------------
Jerry L. Chicoine
Secretary

<PAGE>



PAUL D. PATE                                         Statement of Change
Secretary of State                                   of Registered Office or
State of Iowa                                        Registered Agent or Both
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Pursuant  to the  provisions  of the Iowa  Business  Corporation  Act,  the Iowa
Limited  Liability  Company  Act, or the Iowa  Nonprofit  Corporation  Act,  the
corporation  submits the following  statement to change the registered office or
registered agent or both, in Iowa:

                                      PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, INC
1.    The name of the corporation:    PIONEER OVERSEAS CORPORATION
                                      __________________________________________


2.    The address of the registered office as it currently appears on the
      records in this office:

      700 CAPITAL SQUARE       DES MOINES         IA                  50309
     ___________________________________________________________________________
      Street                     City           State                 Zip


3.    The address of the new registered office of the corporation:*

             SAME
     ___________________________________________________________________________
      Street                     City            State                Zip


4.    The name of the registered agent as it currently appears on the records
      in this office:

             MICHAEL A DAVIS
     ___________________________________________________________________________


5.    The name of the new registered agent for the corporation:*

             SUSAN E GRIGGS
     ___________________________________________________________________________
     *NOTE: The address of the registered office and the address of the business
            office of the  registered agent as changed, will be identical.


6.    Signature /s/Bill DeMeulenaere
               _________________________________________________________________

     Please type or print name and title:  BILL DEMEULENAERE, ASST SECRETARY
                                          ______________________________________



            COMPLETE THIS ITEM ONLY IF REGISTERED AGENT HAS CHANGED.
  The undersigned consents to be appointed registered agent for the corporation
  named in this statement.

                  Name of new agent:  SUSAN E GRIGGS
                                      __________________________________________

                  Signature:/s/ SUSAN E GRIGGS
                            ____________________________________________________


The information you provide will be open for public inspection under Iowa Code,
section 22.11.

           PLEASE READ INSTRUCTIONS ON REVERSE BEFORE COMPLETING

<PAGE>

                              ARTICLES OF AMENDMENT
                       TO THE SECOND RESTATED AND AMENDED
                            ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
                                       OF
                       PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, INC.


TO:     THE SECRETARY OF STATE OF THE STATE OF IOWA:


        Pursuant to the  provisions  of Section  490.1003  of the Iowa  Business
Corporation Act, Chapter 490 Iowa Code, the undersigned  corporation  adopts the
following  Articles of Amendment to its Second Restated and Amended  Articles of
Incorporation:

     I.   The name of the corporation is Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. The
          effective date of its  incorporation  was the 7th day of May 1926. Its
          original name was Pioneer Hi-Bred Corn Company.

     II.  The following amendment of the Second Restated and Amended Articles of
          Incorporation  was adopted by the  shareholders  of the corporation on
          February  27,  1996 in the  manner  prescribed  by the  Iowa  Business
          Corporation Act.

        RESOLVED, that the Second Restated and Amended Articles of Incorporation
        of the Company shall be amended by removing therefrom Article VII in its
        entirety.

     III. The only class of shares of the corporation outstanding at the time of
          such adoption was common stock $1 par value;  and the number of shares
          entitled to vote thereon was 83,486,729; and the total number of votes
          entitled  to  be  cast  was  187,168,299,  and  the  number  of  votes
          indisputably represented at the meeting was 137,058,680.

     IV.  The  number of votes for the  resolution  to  remove  Article  VII was
          135,513,865;  and the  number of votes  against  such  resolution  was
          1,544,815.
<PAGE>





        Dated this 4th day of March, 1996.


                       PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, INC.


                             BY: ___________________________________
                                    CHARLES S. JOHNSON
                                    PRESIDENT & CEO


                             BY: ___________________________________
                                    JERRY L. CHICOINE
                                    SECRETARY


STATE OF IOWA, COUNTY OF POLK, SS:

On this 4th day of March,  1996, before me, the undersigned,  a Notary Public in
and for the State of Iowa,  personally  appeared Charles S. Johnson and Jerry L.
Chicoine, to me personally known, who, being by me duly sworn, did say that they
are the President and Chief Executive  Officer and Secretary,  respectively,  of
said corporation  executing the within and foregoing  instrument,  that the seal
affixed thereto is the seal of said corporation; that said instrument was signed
and sealed on behalf of said corporation by authority of its Board of Directors;
that the said  President  and chief  Executive  Officer  and  Secretary  as such
officers  acknowledged  the execution of said instrument to be the voluntary act
and deed of said corporation, and that by them voluntarily executed.

                                    _____________________________
                                    NOTARY PUBLIC IN AND FOR
                                    THE STATE OF IOWA
<PAGE>
STATE OF IOWA)
                   ss:
COUNTY OF POLK)




Elaine Baxter                                         Statement of Change
Secretary of State                                   of Registered Office or
State of Iowa                                        Registered Agent or Both
________________________________________________________________________________


Pursuant  to the  provisions  of the Iowa  Business  Corporation  Act,  the Iowa
Limited  Liability  Company  Act, or the Iowa  Nonprofit  Corporation  Act,  the
corporation  submits the following  statement to change the registered office or
registered agent or both, in Iowa:

                                      PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, INC
1.    The name of the corporation:    PIONEER OVERSEAS CORPORATION
                                    ____________________________________________


2.    The address of the registered office as it currently appears on the
      records in this office:

        700 CAPITAL SQUARE            DES MOINES        IA             50309
      __________________________________________________________________________
      Street                             City          State            Zip


3.    The address of the new registered office of the corporation:*

                SAME
      __________________________________________________________________________
      Street                             City          State            Zip


4.    The name of the registered agent as it currently appears on the records
      in this office:

               JOHN D HINTZE
      __________________________________________________________________________


5.    The name of the new registered agent for the corporation:*

               MICHAEL A DAVIS
      __________________________________________________________________________

     *NOTE: The address of the registered office and the address of the business
            office of the  registered agent as changed, will be identical.


6.    Signature /s/  MICHAEL A. DAVIS
                ________________________________________________________________

     Please type or print name and title  MICHAEL A. DAVIS ASST SECRETARY
                                          ______________________________________



           COMPLETE THIS ITEM ONLY IF REGISTERED AGENT HAS CHANGED.
  The undersigned consents to be appointed registered  agent for the corporation
  named in this statement.

                  Name of new agent:  MICHAEL A DAVIS
                                     ___________________________________________

                  Signature: /s/ MICHAEL A DAVIS
                            ____________________________________________________


The information you provide will be open for public inspection under Iowa Code,
section 22.11.


              PLEASE READ INSTRUCTIONS ON REVERSE BEFORE COMPLETING
<PAGE>

                                 SECOND RESTATED AND AMENDED
                                 ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION OF
                             PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, INC.


TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE OF THE STATE OF IOWA:

     Pursuant  to the  provisions  of  Section  490.1007  of the  Iowa  Business
Corporation Act, Chapter 490, Code of Iowa, the undersigned  Corporation  adopts
the following Second Restated and Amended Articles of Incorporation

                                          ARTICLE I

     The name of the corporation shall be PIONEER HI-BRED  INTERNATIONAL,  INC.,
and its  principal  place of business  shall be in the City of Des Moines,  Polk
County, Iowa.

                                          ARTICLE II

     The duration of the Corporation's existence hereunder is perpetual.

                                         ARTICLE III

     The purpose or purposes for which the  Corporation  is organized  are: This
Corporation  shall  have  unlimited  power to engage in and to do any lawful act
concerning any or all lawful businesses for which  corporations may be organized
under Chapter 490 of the Code of Iowa.

                                          ARTICLE IV

     A. The  aggregate  amount of authorized  capital stock of this  Corporation
shall be  $l50,000,000  divided into (i) 150,000,000  shares,  consisting of one
class  designated  as common and having a par value of One  Dollar  ($1.00)  per
share, and (ii) 10,000,000 shares,  consisting of one class designated as serial
preferred without par value.

     B. 1. Each  outstanding  share of common  stock  shall  entitle  the holder
thereof to five votes on each matter properly submitted to the holders of shares
of common stock for their vote, consent, waiver, release or other action; except
that no holder  shall be  entitled  to  exercise  more than one vote on any such
matter in respect of any share of common  stock with  respect to which there has
been a  change  in  beneficial  ownership  during  the  thirty-six  (36)  months
immediately  preceding  the  date  on  which  a  determination  is  made  of the
shareholders who are entitled to take any such action.

           2. A change in beneficial ownership of an outstanding share of common
stock shall be deemed to have occurred whenever a change occurs in any person or
group of persons who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement,
understanding,  relationship or otherwise has or shares (i) voting power,  which
includes  the  power to vote,  or to  direct  the  voting  of such  share;  (ii)
investment  power,  which  includes  the  power  to  direct  the  sale or  other
disposition of such share;  (iii) the right to receive or retain the proceeds of
any sale or other  disposition  of such share;  or (iv) the right to receive any
distributions, including cash dividends, in respect of such share.

           a. In the absence of proof to the  contrary  provided  in  accordance
with the  procedures  referred to in  subparagraph  (4) of this  paragraph  B, a
change in beneficial ownership shall be deemed to have occurred whenever a share
of common stock is transferred of record into the name of any other person.

           b. In the case of a share of common  stock held of record in the name
of a corporation,  general  partnership,  limited  partnership,  voting trustee,
bank, trust company,  broker,  nominee or clearing agency,  or in any other name
except  a  natural  person,  if it has not  been  established  pursuant  to such
procedures that there has been no change in the person or persons who direct the
exercise  of the  rights  referred  to in  clauses  2(i)  through  2(iv) of this
paragraph  with  respect  to such  share of common  stock  during  the period of
thirty-six  months  immediately  preceding the date on which a determination  is
made of the  shareholders who are entitled to take any action (or since November
14, 1985 for any period ending on or before November 14, 1988), then a change in
beneficial ownership shall be deemed to have occurred during such period.

           c. In the case of a share of common  stock held of record in the name
of any person as trustee,  agent,  guardian or custodian under the Uniform Gifts
to Minors Act as in effect in any state, a change in beneficial  ownership shall
be deemed to have occurred whenever there is a change in the beneficiary of such
trust,  the principal of such agent,  the ward of such guardian or the minor for
whom such custodian is acting or in such trustee, agent, guardian or custodian.

           3. Notwithstanding  anything in this paragraph B to the contrary,  no
change in  beneficial  ownership  shall be deemed to have  occurred  solely as a
result of:

           a. any event that occurred  prior to November 14, 1985 or pursuant to
the terms of any  contract  (other than a contract  for the purchase and sale of
shares of common stock  contemplating  prompt  settlement),  including contracts
providing  for  options,  rights of first  refusal and similar  arrangements  in
existence on such date to which any holder of shares of common stock is a party;

           b. any transfer of any interest in shares of common stock pursuant to
a bequest or inheritance,  by operation of law upon the death of any individual,
or by any other transfer without valuable  consideration,  including a gift that
is made in good faith and not for the purpose of circumventing this Article IV;

           c. any change in the beneficiary of any trust, or any distribution of
a share of common stock from trust, by reason of the birth,  death,  marriage or
divorce of any natural  person,  the adoption of any natural person prior to age
18 or the  passage of a given  period of time or the  attainment  by any natural
person of a specific age, or the creation or termination of any  guardianship or
custodial arrangement;

           d.  any  appointment  of a  successor  trustee,  agent,  guardian  or
custodian  with respect to a share of common stock if neither such successor has
nor its  predecessor had the power to vote or to dispose of such share of common
stock  without  further   instructions  from  others,  whose  identities  remain
unchanged;

           e. any change in the person to whom  dividends or other distributions
in respect to a share of common  stock are to be paid  pursuant  to the issuance
or  modification  of a revocable dividend payment order; or

           f. except as provided in  subparagraph  (5) of this  paragraph B, any
issuance of a share of common  stock by the  Corporation  or any transfer by the
Corporation  of a share of common  stock  held in  treasury,  (i.e.,  the person
acquiring  the share  shall be deemed on the date of issuance or transfer by the
Corporation to have  continuously  beneficially  owned such share for thirty-six
(36) months),  unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors at the time
of authorizing such issuance or transfer.

           4. For purposes of this  paragraph B, all  determinations  concerning
changes in  beneficial  ownership,  or the absence of any such change,  shall be
made  by  the  Corporation.  Written  procedures  designed  to  facilitate  such
determinations  shall be established by the Corporation and refined from time to
time. Such procedures shall provide,  among other things, the manner of proof of
facts  that will be  accepted  and the  frequency  with  which such proof may be
required to be renewed. The Corporation and any transfer agent shall be entitled
to rely on all information  concerning  beneficial ownership of the common stock
coming to their attention from any source and in any manner reasonably deemed by
them to be reliable, but neither the Corporation nor any transfer agent shall be
charged with any other  knowledge  concerning  the  beneficial  ownership of the
common stock.

           5. In the event of any stock split or stock  dividend with respect to
the common stock, each share of common stock acquired by reason of such split or
dividend  shall be  deemed to have been  beneficially  owned by the same  person
continuously  from the same date as that on which  beneficial  ownership  of the
share of common  stock,  with  respect to which  such share of common  stock was
distributed, was acquired.

           6. Each share of common  stock,  whether at any  particular  time the
holder thereof is entitled to exercise five votes for one, shall be identical to
all other shares of common stock in all other respects,  and together all of the
common shares shall constitute a single class of shares of the Corporation.

           7. Notwithstanding any provision in this paragraph B to the contrary,
if at any time the common stock will be ineligible for inclusion on the National
Market System of the National Association of Securities Dealers,  Inc. Automated
Quotation System (or such other similar automated  quotation system as may exist
at the time) so long as some but not all shares of common  stock have five votes
per  share,  then,  upon a  determination  by the  Board of  Directors  that the
provisions  of this  paragraph  B no  longer  are in the best  interests  of the
shareholders,  and without any shareholder  action,  each  outstanding  share of
common  stock  shall  entitle  the  holder  thereof  to one vote on each  matter
properly  submitted  thereafter  to the holders of common  stock for their vote,
consent, waiver, release or other action.

     C. The preferences, voting  rights, if any, limitations and relative  right
of the serial preferred stock are as follows:

           1. The  holders of the  preferred  stock shall be entitled to receive
dividends  when and as declared by the Board of  Directors at such rate as shall
be fixed by  resolution of the Board of Directors as hereafter  provided,  which
dividends  shall be cumulative,  before any dividends shall be paid or set apart
for payment on the common stock.  The holders of the preferred  stock shall have
no rights to share in any dividend or  distribution  of profits or assets of the
Corporation, whether in the form of cash, stock dividend or otherwise, except to
the extent  specifically  provided herein or in said resolutions of the Board of
Directors.

           2. In the event of any liquidation,  dissolution or winding up of the
Corporation,  the  holders of the  preferred  stock shall be entitled to be paid
such  amounts  as shall be fixed by  resolution  of the Board of  Directors,  as
hereafter  provided,  before any amount shall be paid on the common stock. After
the payment to the holders of the  preferred  stock of all such amounts to which
they are entitled  pursuant to said  resolutions of the Board of Directors,  the
remaining  assets and funds of the Corporation  shall be divided and paid to the
holders  of  common  stock.  Neither  the  consolidation  nor the  merger of the
Corporation  with  or  into  any  other  corporation  or  corporations,   nor  a
reorganization  of the  Corporation  alone,  nor  the  sale or  transfer  by the
Corporation  of  all  or any  part  of  its  assets,  shall  be  deemed  to be a
liquidation,  dissolution  or winding up of the  Corporation  for the purpose of
this subparagraph (2).

           3. The preferred  stock shall be subject to redemption in whole or in
part at such price and at such time and place and in such manner as the Board of
Directors shall determine.

           4. Each share of preferred stock shall be entitled to such privileges
of conversion, if any, as are provided and declared by the Board of Directors at
such  time as the  issue of which it is a part is  established  by the  Board of
Directors.

   The preferred  stock may be issued from time to time in series.  Authority is
hereby  expressly  granted to the Board of Directors  to  authorize  one or more
series of  preferred  stock and to fix the number of shares to  constitute  such
series and distinctive  designations thereof and, with respect to each series of
preferred stock, to fix by resolution or resolutions  providing for the issuance
of such series such  variations  in respect  thereof as may be determined by the
Board of Directors. All shares of every series of preferred stock shall be alike
in every  particular,  and all series of preferred stock hereafter created shall
rank equally and be identical in all respects, except as to the following rights
and preferences  which may constitute  variations as between different series of
preferred stock:

     a.  The rate of the dividend on the shares of such series;

     b.  The price at, and the terms and conditions upon  which  shares  may  be
  redeemed;

     c.  The amount payable upon shares in the event of involuntary liquidation;

     d.  The amount payable upon shares in the event  of voluntary  liquidation;

     e.  Sinking fund provisions for the redemption or purchase of shares;

     f. The terms and  conditions  on which  shares  may be  converted,  if  the
  shares of any series are issued with the privilege of conversion; and

     g. Voting rights, if any.

D. The holder of any share of such common or serial  preferred  stock shall have
no preemptive  rights to acquire any additional  shares of the Corporation or to
acquire any treasury stock of the Corporation.

                                          ARTICLE V

     The  address of the  registered  office of the  Corporation  is 700 Capital
Square,  400 Locust St.,  Des Moines,  Polk  County,  Iowa,  and the name of its
registered agent at such address is John D. Hintze.

                                          ARTICLE VI

     A. The number of directors of the Corporation shall be not less than twelve
(12) and not greater than sixteen (16), and,  effective as of the annual meeting
of  shareholders  in 1982,  the Board of  Directors  shall be divided into three
classes,  designated  Class I, Class II and Class III.  Such classes shall be as
nearly  equal in number as  possible.  The term of  directors of one class shall
extend  to each  annual  meeting  of  shareholders  and in all  cases as to each
director,  until his successor shall be elected and shall qualify,  or until his
earlier  resignation,  removal  from  office,  death or  incapacity.  Additional
directorships  resulting  from an  increase  in  number  of  directors  shall be
apportioned among the classes as equally as possible. The initial term of office
of directors of Class I shall extend to the annual  meeting of  shareholders  in
1983,  that of Class II shall extend to the annual  meeting in 1984, and that of
Class III shall  extend to the annual  meeting  in 1985,  and in all cases as to
each director  until his  successor  shall be elected and shall qualify or until
his earlier  resignation,  removal from  office,  death or  incapacity.  At each
annual meeting of  shareholders,  the number of directors equal to the number of
directors of the class whose term  extends to the time of such meeting  shall be
elected to hold office until the third succeeding annual meeting of shareholders
after their  election.  The Board of Directors  may, upon a majority vote of its
members,  increase or  decrease  the number of  directors  within the limits set
forth above. Vacancies in the Board of Directors or new directorships created by
an increase in the number of directors  shall be filled by majority  vote of the
remaining  members  of  the  Board  and  the  person  filling  such  vacancy  or
newly-created  directorship  shall serve out the  remainder  of the term for the
vacated directorship or, in the case of a new directorship,  the term designated
for the class of directors of which that directorship is a part.

     B. The shareholders may at any time at a meeting  expressly called for that
purpose remove any or all of the directors,  for cause,  by a vote of two-thirds
of the shares then entitled to vote at an election of directors. For purposes of
this Article, removal "for cause" shall mean that the director to be removed has
been  convicted  of a  felony  by a court  of  competent  jurisdiction  and such
conviction  is no longer  subject to direct  appeal,  or that the director to be
removed  has been  adjudged to be liable for  negligence  or  misconduct  in the
performance of his duty to the Corporation by a court of competent  jurisdiction
and such adjudication is no longer subject to direct appeal.

     C. This  Article VI may not be  amended,  altered or  repealed  without the
approval  of  two-thirds  of the  shares  entitled  to  vote  at the  time  such
amendment, alteration or repeal is proposed.

                                         ARTICLE VII

     Each  director  and officer and each  former  director  and officer of this
Corporation  and each  person  who may serve at its  request  as a  director  or
officer of another corporation in which this Corporation or a subsidiary of this
Corporation owns shares of capital stock, or of which it is a creditor, shall be
indemnified  by this  Corporation  against  all  costs and  expenses  reasonably
incurred by him in connection with any action, suit or proceeding in which he is
or may be involved by reason of his being, or having been, a director or officer
of  this  Corporation  or of  such  other  corporation  (whether  or not he is a
director or officer at the time of incurring  such costs and  expenses),  except
with  respect to matters as to which he shall be  adjudged  in any such  action,
suit or  proceeding  to be liable by  reason of his  negligence,  fraud or other
civil or criminal  misconduct in the  performance of his duties.  In the case of
the settlement of any such action,  suit or proceeding,  he shall be indemnified
by this Corporation against the costs and expenses (including any amount paid in
settlement  to this  Corporation  or to such  other  corporation  or  otherwise)
reasonably  incurred by him in connection  with such action,  suit or proceeding
(whether or not he is a director or officer at the time of incurring  such costs
and expenses) if, and only if, the holders of a majority of capital stock of the
Corporation  represented  at any  annual  meeting  or  special  meeting  of such
shareholders shall vote to approve such settlement and the reimbursement of such
director or officer of such costs or expenses.

     The foregoing rights of indemnification shall apply to the heirs, executors
and  administrators  of any such  director  or  officer,  or former  director or
officer or person and shall not be  exclusive  of other rights to which any such
director  or officer  or former  director  or officer or persons  (or his heirs,
executors or administrators) may be entitled as a matter of law.

                                         ARTICLE VIII

     The Board of Directors of this Corporation  shall have the power to adopt a
corporate seal which shall be the corporate seal of this Corporation.

                                          ARTICLE IX

     The private property of the  shareholders of this Corporation  shall at all
times be exempt from  liability of corporate  debts of any kind and this Article
shall not be amended or repealed.

                                          ARTICLE X

     In the event that any shareholder shall become indebted to the Corporation,
the Corporation  shall have a lien upon any shares of stock in this  Corporation
owned by such shareholder for the full amount of such indebtedness.

                                          ARTICLE XI

     Stock in this Corporation  shall be transferred only by assignment upon the
books of the Corporation, subject to and in accordance with such restrictions as
may be provided in the by-laws of this Corporation.

                                         ARTICLE XII

     To the fullest extent permitted by the Iowa Business Corporation Act as the
same now exists or may hereafter be amended, a director of the Corporation shall
not be liable to the Corporation or its  stock-holders  for monetary damages for
breach of  fiduciary  duty as a  director.  Any repeal or  modification  of this
ARTICLE  XII by the  stockholders  of the  Corporation  only  shall  be  applied
prospectively,  to the extent that such repeal or modification would, if applied
retrospectively,  adversely affect any limitation on the personal liability of a
director  of the  Corporation  existing  immediately  prior  to such  repeal  or
modification.

     The above Second  Restated  and Amended  Articles of  Incorporation  do not
contain an amendment  requiring the approval of the Corporation's  shareholders,
and were unanimously adopted by the Corporation's Board of Directors on December
11, 1990.

Dated December 11, 1990

                                   PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, INC.


                                   ----------------------------------
                                   By: Jerry L. Chicoine
                                   Title: Senior Vice President, CFO
                                           and Secretary



On this 11th day of December,  1990,  before me, a notary public in and for
the State of Iowa,  personally  appeared  Jerry L.  Chicoine,  to me  personally
known,  who being by me duly sworn do say that he is the Senior Vice  President,
CFO and Secretary, respectively of said corporation, that the corporate seal has
been affixed to this document and that said Second Restated and Amended Articles
of  Incorporation  were signed on behalf of said corporation by authority of its
Board of Directors and the said Jerry L. Chicoine  acknowledges the execution of
said  instrument  to be the  voluntary  act and deed of said  corporation  by it
voluntarily executed.

                                    -----------------------------------------
                                    By:  Jane B. Forbes
                                    Notary Public in and for the State of Iowa









                                                            December 12, 1995


                         RESTATED AND AMENDED BYLAWS

                                      OF

                     PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, INC.


                                  ARTICLE I.

                               PRINCIPAL OFFICE

     The  principal  office of the  Corporation  shall be located at 700 Capital
Square,  400  Locust  Street in the City of Des  Moines,  in the County of Polk,
State of Iowa.

                                 ARTICLE II.

                           MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS

     SECTION 1. Annual Meeting.  The annual meeting of the shareholders shall be
held on the fourth Tuesday of January of each year, beginning with the year 1988
at the hour of 2:00 P.M.  for the  purpose  of  electing  directors  and for the
transaction  of such other  business as may come before the  meeting;  PROVIDED,
HOWEVER, that the President may in any year designate an earlier date as the day
of the  annual  meeting  that year.  If the day fixed for the annual  meeting as
herein provided shall be a legal holiday,  and a different day is not designated
by the  President,  such meeting shall be held on the next  succeeding  business
day. If the election of directors shall not be held on the day designated herein
for any annual meeting or any adjournment  thereof, the Board of Directors shall
cause  the  election  to be  held  at a  meeting  of the  shareholders  as  soon
thereafter as conveniently may be held.

     SECTION 2. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the shareholders,  for any
purpose or purposes,  unless otherwise  prescribed by statute or by the Articles
of  Incorporation,  may be  called by the  President  and shall be called by the
President  or  Secretary at the request in writing of a majority of the Board of
Directors,  or at the  request in writing of  shareholders  owning not less than
one-tenth in amount of the entire  capital stock of the  Corporation  issued and
outstanding  and  entitled  to vote.  Such  request  shall  state the purpose or
purposes of the proposed meeting.  Business transacted at any special meeting of
the shareholders shall be limited to the purposes stated in the notice.

     SECTION 3. Place of Meeting.  The Board of Directors or the  President  may
designate any place, either within or without the State of Iowa, as the place of
meeting for any annual meeting or for any special meeting called by the Board of
Directors.  A waiver of notice  signed by all  shareholders  may  designate  any
place,  either within or without the State of Iowa, as the place for the holding
of such meeting. If no designation is made, or if a special meeting be otherwise
called,  the place of meeting shall be the registered  office of the Corporation
in the State of Iowa.

     SECTION 4. Notice of Meetings. Written or printed notice stating the place,
day and hour of the meeting,  and in the case of a special meeting,  the purpose
or purposes for which the meeting is called,  shall be  delivered  not less than
ten (10) or more than sixty (60) days  before  the date of the  meeting,  either
personally  or by  mail,  by or at  the  direction  of  the  President,  or  the
Secretary, or the officer or persons calling the meeting, to each shareholder of
record entitled to vote at such meeting.  If mailed, such notice shall be deemed
to be  delivered  when  deposited in the United  States  mail,  addressed to the
shareholder at his address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, with
postage thereon prepaid.

     SECTION 5.  Closing of  Transfer  Books or Fixing of Record  Date.  For the
purpose  of  determining  shareholders  entitled  to notice of or to vote at any
meeting of  shareholders,  or  shareholders  entitled to receive  payment of any
dividend,  or in order to make a  determination  of  shareholders  for any other
proper  purpose,  the Board of Directors of the Corporation may provide that the
stock transfer books shall be closed for a stated period,  but not to exceed, in
any case, seventy (70) days. If the stock transfer books shall be closed for the
purpose  of  determining  shareholders  entitled  to  notice  of or to vote at a
meeting of  shareholders,  such books shall be closed for at least ten (10) days
immediately preceding such meeting. In lieu of closing the stock transfer books,
the Board of Directors may fix in advance a date as the record date for any such
determination of shareholders, such date in any case to be not more than seventy
(70) days and, for a meeting of shareholders, not less than ten (10) days, prior
to the date on which the  particular  action,  requiring such  determination  of
shareholders, is to be taken. If the transfer books are not closed and no record
date is fixed for the determination of shareholders  entitled to notice of or to
vote at a meeting of shareholders,  or shareholders  entitled to receive payment
of a dividend,  the date on which notice of the meeting is mailed or the date on
which the  resolution  of the Board of  Directors  declaring  such  dividend  is
adopted,  as the case may be, shall be the record date for such determination of
shareholders.  When a  determination  of  shareholders  entitled  to vote at any
meeting  of  shareholders  has  been  made as  provided  in this  section,  such
determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof.

     SECTION 6. Voting Lists. The officer or agent having charge of the transfer
books for shares of the  Corporation  shall make,  at least ten (10) days before
each meeting of shareholders,  a complete list of the  shareholders  entitled to
vote at such meeting,  arranged in alphabetical  order,  with the address of and
the number of shares  held by each,  which  list,  for a period of ten (10) days
prior to such meeting,  shall be subject to inspection by any shareholder at any
time during usual business hours. Such list shall also be produced and kept open
at the time and place of the meeting and shall be subject to the  inspection  of
any shareholder during the whole time of the meeting.  The original share ledger
or transfer  book,  or a duplicate  thereof  kept in this State,  shall be prima
facie evidence as to who are the  shareholders  entitled to examine such list or
share ledger or transfer book or to vote at any meeting of shareholders.

     SECTION  7.  Quorum.  The  holders of a  majority  of the stock  issued and
outstanding  and entitled to vote thereat,  present in person or  represented by
proxy,  shall  constitute a quorum at all meetings of the  shareholders  for the
transaction  of business as otherwise  provided by statute or by the Articles of
Incorporation.  If, however,  such quorum shall not be present or represented at
any meeting of the shareholders, a majority of the shareholders entitled to vote
thereat,  present in person or represented by proxy, shall have power to adjourn
the meeting from time to time,  without  notice other than  announcement  at the
meeting,  until a quorum  shall be present  or  represented.  At such  adjourned
meeting, at which a quorum shall be present or represented,  any business may be
transacted  which  might  have been  transacted  at the  meeting  as  originally
noticed.  When a quorum is present at any meeting,  the vote of the holders of a
majority of the stock having  voting power present in person or  represented  by
proxy shall decide any question brought before such meeting, unless the question
is one upon which by express  provision  of the  statutes or of the  Articles of
Incorporation  a  different  vote is  required,  in  which  case,  such  express
provision shall govern and control the decision of such question.

     SECTION  8.  Proxies.  Each  shareholder  shall  at  every  meeting  of the
shareholders  be  entitled  to that  number  of  votes as is  determined  by the
Corporation in accordance  with Article IV of the Articles of  Incorporation  of
the  Corporation,  as presently in effect or as may be amended  hereafter,  upon
each matter  submitted to vote of the  shareholders  to be voted in person or by
proxy  executed  in  writing  by  said  shareholder  or by his  duly  authorized
attorney-in-fact,  for each share of the capital  stock having voting power held
by such  shareholder.  Such  proxy  shall be filed  with  the  Secretary  of the
Corporation before or at the time of the meeting.  No proxy shall be valid after
eleven (11) months from the date of its execution,  unless otherwise provided in
the proxy.

     SECTION 9. Voting of Shares by Certain Holders. Shares standing in the name
of another  Corporation,  domestic  or  foreign,  may be voted by such  officer,
agent,  or proxy as the Bylaws of such  Corporation  may  prescribe,  or, in the
absence of such  provision,  as the Board of Directors of such  Corporation  may
determine.

     Shares  standing  in the name of a  deceased  person,  a minor,  ward or an
incompetent person, may be voted by his administrator, executor, court appointed
guardian or conservator, either in person or by proxy without a transfer of such
shares into the name of such administrator,  executor,  court appointed guardian
or  conservator.  Shares  standing  in the name of a trustee may be voted by him
either in person or by proxy.

     Shares  standing in the name of the receiver may be voted by such receiver,
and  shares  held by or under the  control  of a  receiver  may be voted by such
receiver  without the  transfer  thereof  into his name if authority to do so be
contained  in an  appropriate  order of the  court by which  such  receiver  was
appointed.

     A  shareholder  whose  shares are  pledged  shall be  entitled to vote such
shares until the shares have been transferred into the name of the pledgee,  and
thereafter the pledgee shall be entitled to vote the shares so transferred.

     Shares of its own stock belonging to this  Corporation  shall not be voted,
directly or  indirectly,  at any meeting and shall not be counted in determining
the total number of outstanding  shares at any time, but shares of its own stock
held by it in a  fiduciary  capacity  may be  voted  and  shall  be  counted  in
determining the total number of outstanding shares at any given time.

     SECTION 10. Inspectors. At any meeting of shareholders, the chairman of the
meeting may, or upon the request of any  shareholder,  shall appoint one or more
persons as inspectors  for such meeting.  Such  inspectors  shall  ascertain and
report  the  number of shares  represented  at the  meeting,  based  upon  their
determination of the validity and effect of proxies;  count all votes and report
the  results;  and do such other acts as are proper to conduct the  election and
voting with impartiality and fairness to all the shareholders. Each report of an
inspector  shall be in writing  and  signed by him or by a  majority  of them if
there be more than one inspector  acting at such meeting.  If there is more than
one inspector, the report of the majority shall be the report of the inspectors.
The report of the inspector or inspectors on the number of shares represented at
the meeting and the results of the voting shall be prima facie evidence thereof.

     SECTION 11.  Informal  Action by  Shareholders.  Any action  required to be
taken at a meeting of the  shareholders,  or any other action which may be taken
at a meeting of the shareholders, may be taken without a meeting if a consent in
writing,  setting  forth  the  action  so  taken,  shall  be  signed  by all the
shareholders entitled to vote with respect to the subject matter thereof.

     SECTION 12. Voting by Ballot. Voting on any question or in any election may
be viva voce unless the presiding  officer shall order or any shareholder  shall
demand that voting be by ballot.

     SECTION 13. Shareholder  Business  Proposals.  At any annual meeting of the
Corporation's shareholders,  only such business shall be conducted as shall have
been  properly  brought  before the meeting.  To be properly  brought  before an
annual meeting,  business must be (a) specified in the notice of meeting (or any
supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors,  (b)
otherwise  properly  brought  before the meeting by or at the  direction  of the
Board of Directors,  or (c) otherwise  properly  brought before the meeting by a
shareholder.  Business  may be properly  brought  before an annual  meeting by a
shareholder only if written notice of the  shareholder's  intent to propose such
business has been given,  either by personal  delivery or by United States mail,
first class postage  prepaid,  to the Secretary of the Corporation no later than
ninety days in advance of such annual  meeting,  provided that in the event that
less than ninety  days' notice or prior  public  disclosure  of the date of such
annual meeting is given or made to shareholders,  the  shareholder's  submission
shall be timely if received by the Secretary of the  Corporation  not later than
the close of business on the tenth day following the day on which such notice of
the date of the meeting was mailed or such public disclosure was made (whichever
first  occurs).  Each notice of new  business  must set forth:  (i) the name and
address  of the  shareholder  who  intends to raise the new  business;  (ii) the
business  desired  to be  brought  forth  at the  meeting  and the  reasons  for
conducting  such  business  at the  meeting;  (iii) a  representation  that  the
shareholder is a holder of record of stock of the  Corporation  entitled to vote
with respect to such business and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the
meeting to move the  consideration  of such  business;  (iv) such  shareholder's
beneficial   ownership  of  the   Corporation's   voting  stock;  and  (v)  such
shareholder's  interest in such business. The chairman of the meeting may refuse
to acknowledge a motion to consider any business that he determines was not made
in compliance with the foregoing procedures.

     An adjourned meeting, if notice of the adjourned meeting is not required to
be given to  shareholders,  shall be regarded as a continuation  of the original
meeting,  and any notice of new business  must meet the  foregoing  requirements
based  upon the date on which  notice  or public  disclosure  of the date of the
original  meeting was given or made. In the event of an adjourned  meeting where
notice of the  adjourned  meeting is required to be given to  shareholders,  any
notice of new  business  made by a  shareholder  with  respect to the  adjourned
meeting must meet the foregoing requirements based upon the date on which notice
or public disclosure of the date of the adjourned meeting was given or made.

     No action may be taken by the Board of Directors (whether through amendment
of the Bylaws or  otherwise)  to amend,  alter,  change or repeal,  directly  or
indirectly,  the provisions of this Article II, Section 13 of the Bylaws, unless
two-thirds of the directors  (based on the number of directors then  authorized,
regardless of whether there are any vacancies) shall concur in such action.


             ARTICLE III.

                              BOARD OF DIRECTORS

     SECTION 1. General  Powers.  The  business  and affairs of the  Corporation
shall be managed by its Board of Directors which may exercise all such powers of
the  Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by statute or
by the Articles of  Incorporation  or by these Bylaws directed or required to be
exercised or done by the shareholders.

     SECTION 2. Number, Tenure and Qualifications. The number of directors which
shall constitute the whole Board shall be such number, not less than twelve (12)
nor more than sixteen (16), as may be determined  from time to time by vote of a
majority of the entire Board of Directors.  The directors  shall be divided into
three (3) classes  each of which shall be as nearly  equal in number as possible
except as provided in Section 3 of this Article.  The directors shall be elected
at an annual meeting of the shareholders, and shall hold an office for a term of
the lesser of (a) three (3) years or (b) until the end of the term for the Class
of Directors to which such  Director has been elected and until his successor is
elected and qualified. A Director need not be a shareholder of this Corporation.

     SECTION 3. Vacancies.  Any vacancy  occurring in the Board of Directors and
any  directorship  to be  filled  by  reason  of an  increase  in the  number of
directors,  may be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining
directors  though  less than a quorum of the Board of  Directors.  Any  director
elected to fill a vacancy  created  other than by reason of an  increase  in the
number  of  directors  shall be  elected  for the  unexpired  term of his or her
predecessor  in office.  Any director  elected to fill a vacancy by reason of an
increase in the number of  directors  may continue in office only until the next
election of directors by the shareholders.

     No action may be taken by the Board of Directors (whether through amendment
of the Bylaws or  otherwise)  to amend,  alter,  change or repeal,  directly  or
indirectly,  the provisions of this Article III, Section 3 of the Bylaws, unless
two-thirds of the directors  (based on the number of directors then  authorized,
regardless of whether there are any vacancies) shall concur in such action.

     SECTION 4. Regular  Meetings.  A regular  meeting of the Board of Directors
shall be held without other notice than this Bylaw,  immediately  after,  and at
the same place as, the annual  meeting of  shareholders.  The Board of Directors
may provide,  by  resolution,  the time and place,  either within or without the
State of Iowa,  for the holding of  additional  regular  meetings  without other
notice than such resolution.

     SECTION 5. Special Meetings. Special Meetings of the Board of Directors may
be called by or at the request of the President or any two directors. The person
or persons authorized to call special meetings of the Board of Directors may fix
any  place,  either  within or without  the State of Iowa,  as the place for the
holding of such meeting.

     SECTION 6.  Notice.  Notice  shall be given at least 24 hours in advance of
the time set for such  meeting and may be given by  telephone  or  telegram.  If
notice  be given by  telegram,  such  notice  shall  deem to be  delivered  when
delivered to the telegraph  company.  Any director may waive notice of a meeting
by  written  waiver,  executed  either  before or after  the time  stated in the
notice.  Attendance  at a meeting  shall  constitute  a waiver of notice of such
meeting, except where a director attends such meeting for the express purpose of
objecting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully
called or convened.

     SECTION 7.  Quorum.  A majority  of the number of  directors  currently  in
office shall  constitute a quorum for  transaction of business at any meeting of
the Board of Directors, provided, that if less than a majority of such number of
directors are present at said meeting,  a majority of the directors  present may
adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice.

     SECTION  8.  Manner of Acting.  The act of the  majority  of the  directors
present at a meeting at which a quorum is present  shall be the act of the Board
of Directors,  except as may be otherwise  specifically provided by statute, the
Articles of Incorporation or these Bylaws.  Members of the Board of Directors or
any committee  designated by such board,  may  participate  in a meeting of such
board or committee by conference telephone or similar  communications  equipment
by means of which all persons  participating in the meeting can hear each other,
and  participation  in a meeting  pursuant to this  provision  shall  constitute
presence in person at such meeting.

     SECTION 9. Informal Action. Unless specifically  prohibited by statute, the
Articles of Incorporation or these Bylaws,  any action required to be taken at a
meeting of the Board of  Directors,  or any other action which may be taken at a
meeting of the Board of  Directors  or of any  committee  thereof,  may be taken
without a meeting if a consent in  writing,  setting  forth the action so taken,
shall be signed  by all the  directors  entitled  to vote  with  respect  to the
subject matter  thereof,  or by all the members of such committee and filed with
the minutes of  proceedings  of the Board or  committee  as the case may be. Any
such consent  signed by all the  Directors or all the members of such  committee
shall have the same effect as a unanimous vote, and may be stated as such in any
document filed with the Secretary of State, or issued for any other reason.

     SECTION 10. Compensation.  The Directors may be paid for their expenses, if
any, of attendance at such meeting of the Board of Directors,  and may be paid a
fixed sum for attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors,  or a stated
salary or fee as such director. No such payment shall preclude any director from
serving  the  Corporation  in any  other  capacity  and  receiving  compensation
therefor.  Members  of  special  or  standing  committees  may be  allowed  like
compensation for attending committee meetings.

     SECTION 11.  Presumption of Assent.  A Director of the  Corporation  who is
present at a meeting of the Board of Directors at which action on any  corporate
matter is taken shall be presumed to have  assented to the action  taken  unless
his  dissent  shall be entered in the  minutes of the meeting or unless he shall
file his written  dissent to such action with the person acting as the Secretary
of the meeting before the  adjournment  thereof or shall forward such dissent by
registered  mail to the  Secretary  of the  Corporation  immediately  after  the
adjournment  of the meeting.  Such right to dissent shall not apply to directors
who voted in favor of such action.

     SECTION 12.  Removal of Directors.  The  shareholders  may at any time at a
meeting  expressly  called for that purpose  remove any or all of the directors,
for cause,  by a vote of  two-thirds  of the shares then  entitled to vote at an
election of directors.  For the purposes of this Section 12, removal "for cause"
shall mean that the  director to be removed has been  convicted of a felony by a
court of competent  jurisdiction  and such  conviction  is no longer  subject to
direct appeal, or that the director to be removed has been adjudged to be liable
for negligence or misconduct in the  performance of his duty to the  Corporation
by a court of competent  jurisdiction and such adjudication is no longer subject
to direct  appeal.  Any  vacancy in the Board of  Directors  resulting  from the
removal of a director shall be filled by majority vote of the remaining  members
of the Board of Directors.

     SECTION  13.  Committees  of  Directors.  The Board of  Directors  may,  by
resolution  passed by a majority  of the whole  board,  designate  an  executive
committee and/or one or more other committees,  each committee to consist of two
or more of the Directors of the  Corporation,  which,  to the extent provided in
the resolution, shall have and may exercise the powers of the Board of Directors
in the  management  of the  business  and  affairs  of the  Corporation  and may
authorize  the seal of the  Corporation  to be affixed  to all papers  which may
require it. Such committee or committees shall have such name or names as may be
determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors.

     The Compensation  Committee shall consist of no less than three and no more
than eight directors who are not at the time of their election  employees of the
Corporation  or  otherwise  entitled  to  participate  in  any  compensation  or
incentive plan  administered  by the Committee,  except to the extent  otherwise
determined  by  a  majority  of  the  directors  who  are  not  members  of  the
Compensation Committee.  The Compensation Committee shall be responsible for all
executive   compensation  programs  of  the  Corporation,   including,   without
limitation,  stock incentive plans and shall evaluate and recommend to the Board
of Directors  compensation for executive officers.  It shall review summaries of
current  compensation  paid all other officers,  and shall  periodically  report
changes in the compensation plans for all officers and employees to the Board of
Directors.  It shall receive and review such reports of compensation and benefit
plan  administration  from the Corporation's  management as it may require.  The
Compensation  Committee shall also review, and make recommendations  concerning,
management structure and succession planning,  management retirement policy, and
officer  supervision  and training to assure the full  development of management
potential and an orderly succession of management.

     The Nominating Committee shall consist of not less than three nor more than
nine  directors  and shall be  responsible  for  establishing  criteria  for the
election  of  directors,  reviewing  management's  evaluation  of  any  officers
proposed  for   nomination  to  the  Board  of  Directors,   and  reviewing  the
qualifications  of, and when  appropriate  interviewing,  candidates  who may be
proposed for  nomination to the Board of  Directors,  including  those  nominees
recommended by shareholders. The Committee shall be responsible for recommending
to the Board of Directors,  not less than 120 days prior to each annual  meeting
of the shareholders,  a slate of directors to be elected for the following year.
The Committee shall also perform such other duties in connection with the search
for qualified directors and the selection, election, or termination of directors
as the Board of Directors may request.

     The Audit Committee shall consist of not less than three nor more than nine
directors,  a majority of whom shall be  independent  directors.  The  Committee
shall have general  oversight  responsibility  with respect to the Corporation's
financial reporting. In performing its oversight  responsibility,  the Committee
shall  make  recommendations  to the  Board of  Directors  as to the  selection,
retention, or change in the independent  accountants of the Corporation,  review
with the  independent  accountants  the  scope of their  examination  and  other
matters (relating to both audit and non-audit activities),  and review generally
the internal auditing procedures of the Corporation.  In addition, the Committee
shall  review   corporate   policies   relating  to  compliance  with  laws  and
regulations,  ethics,  and conflicts,  and  (consistent  with the NASDAQ listing
requirement)   it  shall  conduct  a  review  of  all  material   related  party
transactions on an ongoing basis. In undertaking the foregoing responsibilities,
the Audit Committee shall have  unrestricted  access,  if necessary,  to company
personnel and documents and shall be provided with the resources and  assistance
necessary to discharge its  responsibilities,  including  periodic  reports from
management  assessing  the impact of  regulation,  accounting,  and reporting or
other significant  matters that may affect the Corporation.  The Committee shall
have  authority  to appoint and dismiss the  Corporation's  director of internal
audit. The duties and responsibilities of the Audit Committee shall be set forth
in further  detail in a charter  developed by the  Committee,  provided that the
duties and  responsibilities  set forth therein  shall be  consistent  with this
Section 13 and any resolution passed by a majority of the Directors  relating to
the responsibilities of the Committee.

     In addition, the Board of Directors may, by resolution passed by a majority
of the  Directors,  designate  an executive  committee  and/or one or more other
committees,  each  committee  to consist of two or more of the  Directors of the
Corporation, which, to the extent provided in the resolution, shall have and may
exercise the powers of the Board of Directors in the  management of the business
and affairs of the  Corporation.  Such  committee or committees  shall have such
name or names as may be determined  from time to time by  resolution  adopted by
the Board of Directors.

     SECTION  14.  Committee  Minutes.   Each  committee  shall  keep  regular
minutes of its  meetings  and report the same to the Board of  Directors  when
required.

     SECTION 15. Shareholder  Nomination of Director Candidates.  Subject to the
rights of holders of any class or series of stock having a  preference  over the
Common Stock as to dividends or upon  liquidation,  nominations for the election
of directors  may be made by the Board of Directors or a committee  appointed by
the Board of Directors or by any shareholder entitled to vote in the election of
directors  generally.  However, any shareholder entitled to vote in the election
of  directors  generally  may  nominate  one or more  persons  for  election  as
directors at a meeting only if written  notice of such  shareholder's  intent to
make such nomination or nominations has been given,  either by personal delivery
or by United States mail,  postage prepaid,  to the Secretary of the Corporation
not later than (i) with  respect to an election to be held at an annual  meeting
of  shareholders,  ninety days prior to the anniversary date of the records date
set for the immediately preceding annual meeting of shareholders,  and (ii) with
respect to an election to be held at a special meeting of  shareholders  for the
election of directors, the close of business on the tenth day following the date
on which notice of such meeting is first given to shareholders. Each such notice
shall set forth: (a) the name and address of the shareholder who intends to make
the  nomination   and  of  the  person  or  persons  to  be  nominated;   (b)  a
representation  that the  shareholder  is a  holder  of  record  of stock of the
Corporation  entitled to vote at such meeting and intends to appear in person or
by proxy at the  meeting to  nominate  the person or  persons  specified  in the
notice;  (c) a description of all  arrangements  or  understandings  between the
shareholder and each nominee and any other person or persons (naming such person
or persons)  pursuant to which the nomination or  nominations  are to be made by
the shareholder;  (d) such other information  regarding each nominee proposed by
such  shareholder as would be required to be included in a proxy statement filed
pursuant to the proxy rules of the Securities and Exchange  Commission,  had the
nominee been nominated,  or intended to be nominated, by the Board of Directors;
and (e) the consent of each nominee to serve as a director of the Corporation if
so elected.  The presiding  officer at the meeting may refuse to acknowledge the
nomination of any person not made in compliance with the foregoing procedures.

     No action may be taken by the Board of Directors (whether through amendment
of the Bylaws or  otherwise)  to amend,  alter,  change or repeal,  directly  or
indirectly, the provisions of this Article III, Section 15 of the Bylaws, unless
two-thirds of the directors  (based on the number of directors then  authorized,
regardless of whether there are any vacancies) shall concur in such action.



<PAGE>



                                 ARTICLE IV.

                                   OFFICERS

     SECTION 1. Number.  The officers of the  Corporation  shall be a President,
Vice  President,  Secretary  and a Treasurer.  The Board of  Directors  may also
choose  additional  Vice  Presidents and one or more Assistant  Secretaries  and
Assistant  Treasurers.  Any two or more  offices may be held by the same person,
except that the offices of President and Secretary shall not be held by the same
person.

     SECTION 2.  Election and Term of Office.  The  officers of the  Corporation
shall be elected  annually by the Board of Directors at the first meeting of the
Board of  Directors  held after each  annual  meeting  of  shareholders.  If the
election of officers  shall not be held at such meeting,  such election shall be
held as soon thereafter as  conveniently  may be. Each officer shall hold office
until his successor  shall have been duly elected or until his death or until he
shall resign or shall have been removed in the manner herein provided.  Election
or  appointment  of an  officer  or agent  shall not of itself  create  contract
rights.

     SECTION 3. Other  Officers.  The Board of Directors  may appoint such other
officers and agents,  as it shall deem  necessary,  who shall hold their offices
for such terms and shall  exercise  such powers and perform such duties as shall
be determined from time to time by the Board.

     SECTION 4. Removal.  Any officer or agent elected or appointed by the Board
of Directors may be removed from office by the affirmative vote of a majority of
the  Board  of  Directors  at any  meeting  whenever  in its  judgment  the best
interests of the Corporation would be served thereby,  but such removal shall be
without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the person so removed.

     SECTION  5.  Vacancies.  A  vacancy  in  any  office  because  of  death,
resignation,  removal,  disqualification or otherwise,  and new offices may be
filled by the Board of  Directors,  at any meeting  thereof for the  unexpired
portion of the term.

     SECTION  6.  President.  The  President  shall be the  principal  executive
officer of the Corporation  and shall, in general,  supervise and control all of
the business and affairs of the Corporation.  Unless  otherwise  provided by the
Board,  he shall  preside at all meetings of the  shareholders  and the Board of
Directors.  He may sign,  with the Secretary or any other proper  officer of the
Corporation  thereunto  authorized by the Board of Directors,  certificates  for
shares of the Corporation,  any deeds,  mortgages,  bonds,  contracts,  or other
instruments  which the Board of Directors has authorized to be executed,  except
in cases where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by
the Board of Directors or by these Bylaws to some other  officer or agent of the
Corporation, or shall be required by law to be otherwise signed or executed; and
in general shall perform all duties incident to the office of President and such
other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors from time to time.

     SECTION 7. Vice President. In the absence of the President, or in the event
of his  inability  or refusal to act, the Vice  President,  or if there shall be
more than one,  the Vice  Presidents,  in the order  determined  by the Board of
Directors,  shall perform the duties of the President, and when so acting, shall
have all powers of and be subject to all  restrictions  upon the President.  Any
Vice  President  may  sign,  with  the  Secretary  or  an  Assistant  Secretary,
certificates for shares of the Corporation;  and shall perform such other duties
as from time to time may be assigned to him by the  President or by the Board of
Directors.

     SECTION 8. Secretary.  The Secretary  shall: (1) attend all meetings of the
Board of  Directors  and all  meetings  of the  shareholders  and record all the
proceedings of the meetings of the  Corporation and of the Board of Directors in
a book to be kept for  that  purpose  and  shall  perform  like  duties  for the
standing  committees  when required;  (2) see that all notices are duly given in
accordance with the provisions of these Bylaws or as required by law; (3) keep a
register of the post office address of each shareholder which shall be furnished
to the Secretary by such holder;  (4) have general  charge of the stock transfer
books of the  Corporation;  (5)  perform  all duties  incident  to the office of
Secretary  and such other  duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by
the  President  or by the  Board  of  Directors;  and (6)  have  custody  of the
corporate  seal of the  Corporation  and have authority to affix the same to any
instrument  requiring  it  and  when  so  affixed,  it may  be  attested  by his
signature.  The  Board of  Directors  may give  general  authority  to any other
officer to affix the seal of the  Corporation  and to attest the affixing by his
signature.

     SECTION 9. Assistant Secretary.  The Assistant  Secretary,  or, if there be
more than one, the Assistant  Secretaries,  in the order determined by the Board
of Directors, shall, in the absence or disability of the Secretary,  perform the
duties and exercise  the powers of the  Secretary  and shall  perform such other
duties and have such  other  powers as the Board of  Directors  may from time to
time prescribe.

     SECTION 10. Treasurer.  The Treasurer shall: (1) have charge and custody of
and be responsible for all funds and securities of the Corporation;  (2) receive
and give receipts for monies due and payable to the Corporation  from any source
whatsoever, and deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to
the  credit  of  the  Corporation  in  such  banks,  trust  companies  or  other
depositories as shall be designated by the Board of Directors;  (3) disburse the
funds of the  Corporation  as may be ordered by the Board of  Directors,  taking
proper vouchers for such  disbursements;  (4) keep full and accurate accounts of
receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation;  (5) render to
the President and the Board of Directors,  at its regular meetings,  or when the
Board of Directors so requires,  an account of all his transactions as Treasurer
and of the  financial  condition  of the  Corporation;  and (6)  perform all the
duties incident to the office of Treasurer and such other duties as from time to
time may be assigned to him by the  President or by the Board of  Directors.  If
required by the Board of Directors, give a bond in such sum and with such surety
or sureties as the Board of Directors may determine for the faithful performance
of the duties of his office and for the restoration to the Corporation,  in case
of his death,  resignation,  retirement  or removal from  office,  of all books,
papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever kind in his possession or
under his control belonging to the Corporation.

     SECTION 11. Assistant Treasurer. The Assistant Treasurer, or if there shall
be more than one, the Assistant Treasurers, in the order determined by the Board
of Directors, shall, in the absence or disability of the Treasurer,  perform the
duties and exercise  the powers of the  Treasurer  and shall  perform such other
duties and have such  other  powers as the Board of  Directors  may from time to
time prescribe.

     SECTION 12. Salaries. The salaries of the officers shall be fixed from time
to time by the  Board  of  Directors  and no  officer  shall be  prevented  from
receiving  such  salary by reason of the fact that he is also a director  of the
Corporation.

                                  ARTICLE V.

                         CONTRACTS, LOANS AND CHECKS

     SECTION 1.  Contracts.  The Board of Directors may authorize any officer or
officers, agent or agents, to enter into any contract or execute and deliver any
instrument in the name of and on behalf of the  Corporation,  and such authority
may be general or confined to specific instances.

     SECTION  2.  Loans.  No  loans  shall  be  contracted  on  behalf  of the
Corporation  and no  evidences  of  indebtedness  shall be  issued in its name
unless  authorized by a resolution of the Board of Directors.  Such  authority
may be general or confined to specific instances.

     SECTION 3.  Checks,  Drafts,  Etc.  All checks,  drafts or other orders for
payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of
the Corporation,  shall be signed by such officer or officers,  agent or agents,
of the  Corporation  and in such manner as shall from time to time be determined
by resolution of the Board of Directors.

                                 ARTICLE VI.

                               INDEMNIFICATION

     SECTION 1.  Indemnification.  The Corporation  shall indemnify every person
who is or was a party or involved (as a witness or  otherwise)  or is threatened
to be made a party or involved (as a witness or otherwise)(hereafter Indemnitee)
in any threatened,  pending or completed  action,  suit, or proceeding,  whether
civil,  criminal,  administrative,  or  investigative,  formal or informal,  and
whether or not by or in the right of the  Corporation or otherwise  (hereafter a
"Proceeding"),  by reason of the fact that he is or was a director,  officer, or
employee of the  Corporation,  or while a  director,  officer or employee of the
Corporation,  is or was  serving  at the  request  of the  Corporation  (or such
service  was  approved  by the  Corporate  Management  Committee  (committee  of
Executive  Officers  selected by the  President) or successor  committees)  as a
director,  officer,  partner,  trustee,  employee or agent of another foreign or
domestic corporation,  partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan,
or other  enterprise,  or by reason of any action  alleged to have been taken or
not taken by him while acting in any such capacity,  against expenses (including
counsel  fees  and  expenses  when  incurred)  (hereafter  "Expenses")  and  all
liability and loss, including judgment,  fine,  (including excise taxes assessed
with respect to an employee  benefit plan), and penalties and amounts paid or to
be paid in  settlement  (whether  with or  without  court  approval)  (hereafter
"Liabilities"),  actually incurred by him in connection with such Proceeding, to
the  fullest  extent  permitted  by law as the same exists or may  hereafter  be
amended  (but, in the case of any such  amendment,  only to the extent that such
amendment permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than
said  law  permitted  the  Corporation  to  provide  prior  to such  amendment).
Notwithstanding anything in this Article to the contrary, except with respect to
a proceeding to enforce  rights to  indemnification  or  advancement of expenses
under  this  Article,   the  Corporation  shall  provide   indemnification   and
advancement of Expenses under this Article to persons seeking indemnification in
connection  with a proceeding  initiated by such person only if such  proceeding
was authorized by the Board of Directors.

     SECTION 2. Advancement of Expenses. The right to indemnification  conferred
in this  Article  shall  include  the  right to be paid by the  Corporation  the
Expenses  incurred in  connection  with the  proceeding  in advance of the final
disposition  thereof  promptly  after  receipt by the  Corporation  of a request
therefor stating in reasonable detail the Expenses incurred,  provided, however,
that to the extent  required by law, the payment of such  Expenses in advance of
the final  disposition of a proceeding shall be made only upon the Corporation's
receipt of an  undertaking  by or on behalf of such person to repay such amounts
if it shall  ultimately be determined  that he is not entitled to be indemnified
under this Article or otherwise (this  undertaking  need not be secured and must
be accepted without reference to the ability to repay).

     SECTION 3. Determination. Any indemnification, under these Articles (unless
ordered by court or as otherwise  provided in Section 2 for the  advancement  of
expenses)  shall  be made  by the  Corporation  upon a  determination  that  the
indemnification of the Indemnitee is proper in the circumstances  because he has
met the applicable standard of conduct.  Such determination shall be made (1) by
the board of directors by majority vote of a quorum  consisting of directors not
at the time parties to the Proceeding,  (2) if a quorum cannot be obtained, by a
majority vote of a committee duly designated by the board of directors, in which
designation directors who are parties may participate,  consisting solely of two
or more  directors  not at the time  parties to the  proceeding,  (3) by special
legal counsel  selected by the board of directors by vote as set forth in clause
"(1) or (2)" of this Section 3, if a quorum of the board of directors  cannot be
obtained and a committee cannot be designated,  selected by majority vote of the
full board of  directors,  in which  selection  directors  who are  parties  may
participate, or (4) by the shareholders,  but shares owned by or voted under the
control of directors who are at the time parties to the proceeding  shall not be
voted on the determination.

     SECTION 4.  Partial  Indemnification.  If a person is  entitled  under this
Article  to  indemnification  by  the  Corporation  for  some  or a  portion  of
Liabilities and Expenses but not, however, for all of the total amounts thereof,
the Corporation shall nevertheless indemnify such person for the portion thereof
to which he is entitled.

     SECTION  5.  Specific   Limitations  On  Indemnification.   Notwithstanding
anything in these Bylaws to the contrary, the Corporation shall not be obligated
to make any payment under this Article for  indemnification  for Liabilities and
Expenses  in  connection  with  Proceedings  settled  without the consent of the
Corporation, which consent, however, shall not be unreasonably withheld.

     SECTION  6.   Payment   and   Factual   Determinations.   If  a  claim  for
indemnification  or  advancement  of expenses  under this Article is not paid in
full by the  Corporation  within sixty (60) days after a written  claim has been
received by the  Corporation,  the claimant may, at any time  thereafter,  bring
suit  against the  Corporation  to recover the unpaid  amount of the claim.  The
claimant  shall also be entitled to be paid the  expenses  of  prosecuting  such
claim to the  extent  he is  successful  in whole  or in part on the  merits  or
otherwise in establishing his right to  indemnification or to the advancement of
expenses.

     SECTION 7. Other Rights. The right to indemnification,  including the right
to the advancement of expenses, conferred in this Article shall not be exclusive
of any other rights to which a person seeking  indemnification or advancement of
expenses hereunder may be entitled under any Articles of Incorporation,  Bylaws,
agreement,  vote  of  shareholders  or  directors,  or  otherwise.   Subject  to
applicable law, to the extent that any rights to  indemnification or advancement
of expenses  of such person  under any such  Articles of  Incorporation,  Bylaw,
agreement,  vote of shareholders or directors, or otherwise, are broader or more
favorable to such person, the broader or more favorable rights shall control.

     The  Corporation  shall  have the  express  authority  to enter  into  such
agreements as the Board of Directors deems  appropriate for the  indemnification
of,  including  the  advancement  of expenses to,  present or future  directors,
officers,  employees  and agents of the  Corporation  in  connection  with their
service  to,  or  status  with,  the  Corporation  or  any  other   corporation,
partnership,  joint venture,  trust or other enterprise,  including any employee
benefit plan, for whom such person is serving at the request of the Corporation.

     SECTION 8. Trust.  The  Corporation  may create a fund of any nature  which
may, but need not, be under the control of a trustee,  or otherwise to secure or
insure in any manner its indemnification  obligations,  including its obligation
to advance  expenses,  whether  arising  under or  pursuant  to this  Article or
otherwise.

     SECTION 9. Insurance.  The corporation may purchase and maintain  insurance
on behalf of an individual who is or was a director, officer, employee, or agent
of the corporation,  or who, while a director,  officer employee or agent of the
corporation,  is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director,
officer,  partner,  trustee,  employee  or agent of another  foreign or domestic
corporation,  partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan, or other
enterprise, against liability asserted against or incurred by that individual in
that capacity or arising from the  individual's  status as a director,  officer,
employee, or agent, whether or not the corporation would have power to indemnify
that individual against the same liability.

     SECTION 10. Contract. The right to indemnification,  including the right to
advancement  of  expenses  provided  herein,  shall be a contract  right,  shall
continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director,  officer,  employee, or
to serve in any other of the capacities  described in Section 1, and shall inure
to  the  benefit  of  the  heirs,   personal   representatives,   executors  and
administrators of such person.  Notwithstanding  any amendment,  alteration,  or
repeal of this Article or any of its provisions or the adoption of any provision
inconsistent  with the Article or any of its  provisions,  any person,  shall be
entitled to indemnification, including the right to the advancement of expenses,
in  accordance  with the  provisions  hereof with respect to any action taken or
omitted  prior to such  amendment,  alteration,  or repeal or  adoption  of such
inconsistent provision, except to the extent such amendment, alteration, repeal,
or   inconsistent   provision   provides   broader   rights   with   respect  to
indemnification, including the advancement of expenses, than the Corporation was
permitted to provide prior to the amendment, alteration, repeal, or the adoption
of such inconsistent provision or to the extent otherwise prescribed by law.

     SECTION 11.  Subrogation.  In the event of any payment  under this Article,
the Corporation  shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the
rights of recovery of Indemnitee, who shall execute all papers required and take
all  action  necessary  to  secure  such  rights,  including  execution  of such
documents as are  necessary to enable the  Corporation  to bring suit to enforce
such rights.

     SECTION 12. Notice of Proceedings. Indemnitee agrees promptly to notify the
Corporation in writing upon being served with any summons,  citation,  subpoena,
complaint, indictment,  information or other document relating to any Proceeding
or matter which may be subject to  indemnification  or  advancement  of Expenses
covered hereunder,  but Indemnitee's omission to so notify the Corporation shall
not relieve the  Corporation  from any liability which it may have to Indemnitee
under this Article unless such omission materially  prejudices the rights of the
Corporation   (including  without   limitation,   the  Corporation  having  lost
significant  substantive or procedural rights with respect to the defense of any
Proceeding).  If such  omission  does  materially  prejudice  the  rights of the
Corporation, the Corporation shall be relieved from liability under this Article
only to the extent of such  prejudice;  but such  omission  will not relieve the
Corporation  from any liability  which it may have to Indemnitee  otherwise than
under this Article.

     SECTION  13.  Defense  of  Claims.  The  Corporation  will be  entitled  to
participate  at its own expense in any  Proceeding  of which it has notice.  The
Corporation  jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified of any
Proceeding  will be entitled to assume the defense of Indemnitee  therein,  with
counsel reasonably satisfactory to Indemnitee. After notice from the Corporation
to  Indemnitee  of its  election  to assume  the  defense of  Indemnitee  in any
Proceeding,  the Corporation will not be liable to Indemnitee under this Article
for any Expenses  subsequently  incurred by Indemnitee  in  connection  with the
defense thereof,  except as otherwise provided below.  Indemnitee shall have the
right to employ its own counsel in any such Proceeding but the fees and expenses
of such counsel  incurred after notice from the Corporation of its assumption of
the  defense  thereof  shall be at the  expense of  Indemnitee  unless:  (i) the
employment of counsel by Indemnitee has been authorized by the  Corporation;  or
(ii) the  Corporation  shall not in fact have  employed  counsel to or cannot in
good faith without  conflict assume the defense of Indemnitee in such Proceeding
or such counsel has not in fact assumed such defense;  in each of which case the
fees and expenses of Indemnitee's counsel shall be advanced by the Corporation.

     SECTION 14. Other  Entities.  The board of  directors  may by  resolution
provide for  indemnification  to  officers,  directors,  or employees of other
entities  not  otherwise  provided  indemnification  herein  as it  determines
appropriate.

     SECTION 15.  Employee  Benefit Plans. A director,  officer,  or employee is
considered to be serving an employee benefit plan at the  Corporation's  request
if such person's duties to the Corporation  also imposed duties on, or otherwise
involves  services  by,  that  person to the plan or to the  participants  in or
beneficiaries of the plan.

                                 ARTICLE VII.

                  CERTIFICATES FOR SHARES AND THEIR TRANSFER

     SECTION  1.  Certificates  for  Shares.  Every  holder  of  shares  in  the
Corporation  shall be  entitled  to have a  certificate  in such  form as may be
determined by the Board of Directors.  Such certificates  shall be signed by the
President or Vice  President  and by the  Secretary or Assistant  Secretary  and
shall be sealed with the seal of the  Corporation  or a facsimile  thereof.  The
signatures  of the  President or Vice  President  and the Secretary or Assistant
Secretary or other persons signing for the Corporation upon a certificate may be
facsimiles.  If  the  certificate  is  countersigned  by  a  transfer  agent  or
registered  by a  registrar,  the  signatures  of the  person  signing  for such
transfer agent or registrar also may be facsimiles. In case any officer or other
authorized  person who has signed or whose  facsimile  signature  has been place
upon such certificate for the Corporation,  shall have ceased to be such officer
or employee or agent before such certificate is issued,  it may be issued by the
Corporation with the same effect as if he were such officer or employee or agent
at the date of its issue.  All  certificates  for shares shall be  consecutively
numbered  or  otherwise  identified.  The name of the  person to whom the shares
represented  thereby  are  issued,  with the number of shares and date of issue,
shall be entered on the books of the Corporation.  All certificates  surrendered
to the Corporation  for transfer shall be canceled and no new certificate  shall
be issued  until the former  certificate  for a like number of shares shall have
been  surrendered  and  canceled,  except that in case of a lost,  destroyed  or
mutilated  certificate  a new one may be issued  therefor  upon  such  terms and
indemnity to the Corporation as the Board of Directors may prescribe.

     SECTION 2. Transfer of Shares. Transfers of shares of the Corporation shall
be made only on the books of the  Corporation by the holder of record thereof or
by his legal  representative,  who shall furnish proper evidence of authority to
transfer,  or by his attorney  thereunto  authorized  by power of attorney  duly
executed and filed with the Secretary of the  Corporation,  and on surrender for
cancellation of the certificate for such shares. The person in whose name shares
stand on the books of the Corporation  shall be deemed the owner thereof for all
purposes as regards the Corporation.

     SECTION 3. Registered  Shareholder.  The  Corporation  shall be entitled to
recognize the exclusive  right of a person  registered on its books as the owner
of shares to  receive  dividends,  and to vote as such  owner,  and shall not be
bound to recognize  any equitable or other claim to, or interest in, such shares
on the part of any other  person,  whether or not it shall have express or other
notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by law.

                                ARTICLE VIII.

                                 FISCAL YEAR

     SECTION  1.  Fiscal  Year.  This  Corporation  shall  operate on a fiscal
year basis  beginning  September  1 of each year and  ending  August 31 of the
following year.

                                 ARTICLE IX.

                                  DIVIDENDS

     SECTION  1.  Dividends.  The Board of  Directors,  from  time to time,  may
declare, and the Corporation may pay, dividends on its outstanding shares in the
manner and upon the terms and  conditions  provided  by law and its  Articles of
Incorporation.



<PAGE>



                                  ARTICLE X.

                               WAIVER OF NOTICE

     SECTION 1.  Waiver of Notice.  Whenever  any notice is required to be given
under the provisions of the statutes or of the Articles of  Incorporation  or of
these  Bylaws,  a waiver  thereof  in  writing,  signed by the person or persons
entitled to said notice,  whether before or after the time stated therein, shall
be deemed equivalent thereto.

                                 ARTICLE XI.

                                  AMENDMENTS

     SECTION 1. Amendments.  Except where otherwise  specifically  noted,  these
Bylaws may be altered,  amended or repealed and new Bylaws may be adopted at any
meeting of the Board of Directors of the  Corporation  by a majority vote of the
directors present at the meeting.



Number                                             SHARES
FBU
         COMMON STOCK                              THIS CERTIFICATE IS
                                                   TRANSFERABLE IN THE CITIES OF
                                                   NEW YORK OR BOSTON
         PAR VALUE
         CUSIP 723686 10 1
         $1.00 PER SHARE


         PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, INC.
              INCORPORATED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF IOWA


         This Certifies that
         S P E C I M E N            See Reverse for Certain Definitions
         is the owner of
         FULL PAID AND NON-ASSESSBLE SHARES OF THE COMMON STOCK OF

Pioneer Hi-Bred      Pioneer Hi-Bred International,  Inc.,  transferable on the
                     books of the Corporation by the
International, Inc.  holder hereof in person or by Attorney upon surrender of
                     this Certificate properly  endorsed. This
Corporate Seal       Certificate is not valid until countersigned by the
                     Transfer Agent and Registered by the Registrar
Des Moines, IA       Witness the seal of said Corporation and the signatures
                     of its duly authorized officers.

         Dated:
         /s/ Charles S. Johnson                COUNTERSIGNED AND REGISTERED:
             President                         THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF BOSTON
         /s/ Jerry L. Chicoine                 TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR.
             Secretary                         BY: /s/  Mary Penezic
                                                        AUTHORIZED SIGNATURE
<PAGE>




         This  certificate  also  evidences  and entitles the holder  hereof the
certain  rights  as set  forth in a Rights  Agreement  between  Pioneer  Hi-Bred
International,  Inc.  and  the  First  National  Bank  of  Boston  (the  "Rights
Agreement"),  the terms of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference and
a copy of  which  is on file at the  principal  executive  officers  of  Pioneer
Hi-Bred  International,  Inc. Under certain  circumstances,  as set forth in the
Rights  Agreement,  such Rights will be evidenced by separate  certificates  and
will no longer be evidenced by this certificate.  Pioneer Hi-Bred International,
Inc. will mail to the holder of this  certificate a copy of the Rights Agreement
without charge after receipt of a written request therefor.  As described in the
Rights  Agreement,  Rights issued to any Person who becomes an Acquiring  Person
(as defined in the Rights Agreement) shall become null and void.

         The following  abbreviations,  when used in the inscription on the face
of this certificate,  shall be construed as though they were written out in full
according to applicable laws or regulations:

   TEN COM - as tenants in common      UNIF GIFT MIN ACT _____Custodian________
   TEN ENT - as tenants by the entireties               (cust)          (Minor)
                                                   under Uniform Gifts to Minors

   JT Ten - as joint tenants with right of        Act____________________
            survivorship and not as tenants               (State)
            in common
            Additional abbreviations may also be used though not in the above
            list.

For value  received,  __________  hereby sell,  assign and transfer unto
PLEASE INSERT SOCIAL SECURITY OR OTHER
IDENTIFYING NUMBER OF ASSIGNEE

______________________________________

PLEASE PRINT OR TYPEWRITE NAME AND ADDRESS INCLUDING POSTAL ZIP CODE OF
ASSIGNEE.

NOTICE:  THE  SIGNATURE  TO THIS  ASSIGNMENT  MUST  CORRESPOND  WITH THE NAME AS
WRITTEN UPON THE FACE OF THE CERTIFICATE IN EVERY PARTICULAR, WITHOUT ALTERATION
OR ENLARGEMENT, OR ANY CHANGE WHATEVER.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________Shares of the capital  stock  represented by

the  within Certificate and do  hereby irrevocably constitute  and appoint______

____________________Attorney  to transfer the  said  stock  on the books  of the

within  named  Corporation  with  full  power  of substitution  in the premises.

Dated_______________

                                          ______________________________




  Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc.
    400 Locust Street
    700 Capital Square
    Des Moines, IA  50309

               Re:  Registration Statement on Form S-8 for 3,000,000 Shares of
               Common Stock

Ladies and Gentlemen:

        I  have   examined   the   Registration   Statement  on  Form  S-8  (the
"Registration  Statement") to be filed by Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., an
Iowa corporation (the "Company"), with the Securities and Exchange Commission in
connection  with the  registration  under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the  "Securities  Act"), of 3,000,000 shares of the Company's Common Stock, par
value $1 per share (the "Common Stock"), reserved for issuance under the Pioneer
Hi-Bred International, Inc. Stock Option Plan (the "Plan").

        As Corporate  Counsel for the  Company,  I have  examined the  Company's
Certificate  of  Incorporation  and Bylaws and the records of certain  corporate
proceedings and actions taken by the Company in connection with the Plan.

        Based upon the  foregoing and in reliance  thereon,  I am of the opinion
that the shares of Common Stock being offered under the Plans,  when issued,  in
accordance with the provisions of the plans, will be validly issued,  fully paid
and nonassessable.

        I hereby  consent  to the  filing of this  opinion  as an exhibit to the
Registration Statement.



                             William J. DeMeulenaere


                 INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' CONSENT



The Board of Directors
Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc.:

We consent to the use of our reports incorporated herein by reference.

                                    KPMG Peat Marwick LLP
Des Moines, Iowa
July 26, 1996


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