<PAGE>
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 13, 1996
File No. 33-2610
File No. 811-4550
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 [X]
Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 [X]
and
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 [X]
Amendment No. 36 [X]
THE MAINSTAY FUNDS
------------------
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
51 Madison Avenue
New York, New York 10010
------------------------------------------------------
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
(212) 576-5773
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(Registrant's Telephone Number, including Area Code)
with a copy to:
A. Thomas Smith III, Esq. Jeffrey L. Steele, Esq.
The MainStay Funds Dechert Price & Rhoads
51 Madison Avenue 1500 K Street, N.W.
New York, New York 10010 Washington, DC 20005
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(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
[ ] Immediately upon filing pursuant to [ ] on ( ) pursuant to paragraph
paragraph (b), or (b), or
[ ] 60 days after filing pursuant to [ ] on ( ) pursuant to paragraph
paragraph (a)(1), or (a)(1), or
[ ] 75 days after filing pursuant to [x] on March 1, 1996 pursuant to paragraph
paragraph (a)(2), or (a)(2), of Rule 485.
</TABLE>
On January 9, 1986 the Registrant registered an indefinite number of shares of
all series then existing or subsequently established under the Securities Act of
1933 pursuant to Rule 24f-2, which it expressly reaffirms. The Rule 24f-2
Notice for the Registrant's fiscal year ended December 31, 1995 was filed on
February 26, 1996.
================================================================================
<PAGE>
PROSPECTUS AND STATEMENT OF
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION RELATING TO
MAINSTAY STRATEGIC INCOME FUND
CROSS REFERENCE SHEET
REQUIRED BY RULE 404
UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
The enclosed Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information relate
only to the MainStay Strategic Income Fund, a series of The MainStay Funds (the
"Trust"), and contain information relating only to that series. The Prospectus
and Statement of Additional Information for other series of the Trust are not
being amended or otherwise affected by the information contained in this
amendment. Information relating to those series of the Trust for which
information is not being filed in this post-effective amendment is incorporated
by reference from Post-Effective Amendment No. 33, which was filed on April 30,
1996.
ITEMS REQUIRED BY FORM N-1A
---------------------------
Item Number in Part A Prospectus Caption
- --------------------- ------------------
1 Cover Page
2 Tell Me the Key Facts - Analyze the Cost of
Investing: Two Kinds of Fees; If you invest
$1,000, you might pay
3 Tell Me the Details - Performance and Yield
Information
4 Tell Me the Key Facts - Description of the Fund;
General Investment Considerations; Tell Me the
Details - The Trust; Other Information About the
Fund; Description of Investments and Investment
Practices; Investment Restrictions
5 Tell Me the Key Facts - Description of the Fund;
Know With Whom You're Investing; Tell Me the
Details -The Trust; Investment Adviser,
Administrator and Distributor
5A Not Applicable
6 Tell Me the Key Facts - Decide whether to pay a
sales charge now, later or maybe never; Decide
How to Receive Your Earnings; Understand
<PAGE>
Item Number in Part A Prospectus Caption
- --------------------- ------------------
the Tax Consequences; Know Your Rights as a
Shareholder; Tell Me the Details - The Trust;
Alternative Sales Arrangements; Portfolio
Transactions; Tax Information
7 Tell Me the Key Facts - Decide whether to pay a
sales charge now, later or maybe never; Consider
Reducing Your Sales Charge; Open an Account and
Buy Shares; Know with Whom You're Investing; Tell
Me the Details - Investment Adviser, Administrator
and Distributor; How to Purchase Shares of the
Fund; Alternative Sales Arrangements
8 Tell Me the Key Facts - Know How to Sell and
Exchange Shares; Tell Me the Details -
Redemptions, Repurchases and Exchanges
9 Not Applicable
Item Number in Part B Statement of Additional Information Caption
- --------------------- -------------------------------------------
10 Cover Page
11 Table of Contents
12 Organization and Capitalization
13 Investment Practices and Instruments; Additional
Fundamental Investment Restrictions; Additional
Non-Fundamental Investment Restrictions
14 Trustees and Officers
15 Not Applicable
- 2 -
<PAGE>
Item Number in Part B Statement of Additional Information Caption
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16 The Adviser, the Administrator and the Distributor
17 Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage
18 Organization and Capitalization
19 Shareholder Investment Account; Redemption and
Repurchase; Net Asset Value
20 Tax Status
21 The Adviser, the Administrator and the Distributor
22 Calculation of Performance Quotations; Tax Status
23 Financial Statements
- 3 -
<PAGE>
MainStay Strategic Income Fund Prospectus March 1, 1997
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MainStay Strategic Income Fund, a separate series of The MainStay Funds, seeks
to provide current income and competitive overall return by investing primarily
in domestic and foreign debt securities.
Read This!
- ------------------------
This Fund is not federally insured or guaranteed by the U.S. government--even if
you're investing through a bank. Shares of the Fund are not deposits or
obligations of, or guaranteed or insured by any financial institution, the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.
Investments in the Fund are subject to investment risks, including possible loss
of principal.
No guarantees. There are no guarantees that the Fund will meet its objectives.
All mutual funds involve risk, including the potential to lose some or all of
your original investment. Except for money market funds, the price of a mutual
fund share will fluctuate and, when sold, may be higher or lower than your
original purchase price.
THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION, NOR HAS THE SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE
ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
Please read this prospectus carefully before you invest, and keep it for future
reference. We hope you will easily find and understand the information you need;
but if you have any suggestions for improvement--or if you need any help--please
ask your registered representative.
This prospectus includes information you should know before investing. For even
more details, write to NYLife Distributors Inc., 260 Cherry Hill Road,
Parsippany, N.J. 07054, call 1-800-MAINSTAY or visit our website at
www.mainstayfunds.com for a free copy of the Statement of Additional Information
(SAI), dated March 1, 1997 (as amended from time to time). The SAI is
incorporated by reference into this prospectus and also has been filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The SEC maintains a website
(http://www.sec.gov) that contains the SAI, material incorporated by reference
and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the
SEC.
MainStay offers 13 additional mutual funds.
Growth
- ------------------------------------
Capital Appreciation Fund
Equity Index Fund
International Equity Fund
Growth & Income
- ------------------------------------
Convertible Fund
Total Return Fund
Value Fund
Income
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Government Fund
High Yield Corporate Bond Fund
International Bond Fund
Money Market Fund
Tax Free
- ------------------------------------
California Tax Free Fund
New York Tax Free Fund
Tax Free Bond Fund
[LOGO]MAINSTAY(TM)FUNDS
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2
<PAGE>
What's Inside?
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Tell Me Quickly page
The Fund..............................................................1
A quick overview...understanding MainStay Funds.......................4
Tell Me the Key Facts
Analyze the costs of investing: two kinds of fees.....................6
If you invest $1,000, you might pay...................................6
Sales Charges and Operating Expenses..................................7
Description of the Fund...............................................8
General investment considerations.....................................9
Decide whether to pay a sales charge now, later...or maybe never......11
Consider reducing your sales charge...................................12
Open an account and buy shares........................................13
Know how to sell and exchange shares..................................15
Decide how to receive your earnings...................................17
Understand the tax consequences.......................................18
Know with whom you're investing.......................................19
Know your rights as a shareholder.....................................21
Tell Me the Details
The Trust.............................................................22
Other information about the Fund......................................22
Description of investments and investment practices...................23
Investment restrictions...............................................29
Investment Adviser, Administrator and Distributor.....................30
How to purchase shares of the Fund....................................31
Alternative sales arrangements........................................32
Redemptions and exchanges.............................................34
Tax-deferred retirement plans.........................................36
Net asset value.......................................................36
Portfolio transactions................................................36
Tax information.......................................................36
Performance and yield information.....................................36
Appendix A: description of securities ratings.........................37
3
<PAGE>
Tell Me Quickly
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A Quick Overview...
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Investing in a mutual fund may seem complicated; but it may be easier when you
go through a registered representative. He or she can do many of the
administrative tasks--and help you confidently manage the rest.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1) 2) 3)
Set your investment priorities Study the Fund's objectives, Evaluate the Fund's fees and expenses
policies and risks
- ------------------------------ ---------------------------- -------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Decide if they are: Focus on the Fund in relation to Understand one-time and ongoing fees.
. protecting what you have your objectives. Read about the
. receiving income from dividends people who manage the Fund. See the tables on page x for the Fund's
. participating in the potential Understand the types of securities one-time and ongoing fees and the impact
for greater investment returns in which the Fund invests and the of those costs on a $1,000 investment.
. a combination of any of the above. risks associated with those
investments.
How much risk of losing money are
you willing to take; how aggressive Talk with your registered
are you willing to be to try to make representative.
money? This two-part question may be
the most difficult question in the For key facts about and risks of
world of investing. Start with your the Fund, see pages xx-xx. For
gut feeling--then talk it over with more detailed information, see
your registered representative. This "Tell Me the Details" in this
is also an appropriate time to talk prospectus and see the Statement
about your investment goals. Your of Additional Information (SAI).
registered representative may
have some ideas you haven't
considered.
<CAPTION>
7) 8) 9)
Open an account/Buy shares See how many shares your money Ongoing fees
will buy
- -------------------------- ------------------------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C>
To open an account, fill out an You can calculate the number of Every mutual fund pays fees for
application, and have your shares of the Fund your money buys services. These may include
registered representative place the using a simple equation: (1) subtract administration, distribution and
order. He or she can be invaluable the amount of any sales charge; then marketing, investment management and
here. Make sure to provide complete (2) divide the remaining amount of shareholder services. Fees may be
information, including who will own your investment by the price of charged on different schedules but
the account, and certify your Social one share of the Fund. the Fund accrues for these expenses
Security Number or Taxpayer I.D. daily. You're not charged directly;
Number. This is also the time to The Fund's share price (NAV or the Fund pays the fees to the firms
decide how you want to receive "net asset value") is calculated at who provide the services, and then
earnings (in cash or additional the close of business of the New York deducts the amounts from the Fund's
shares) and whether you want Stock Exchange, normally 4:00 PM assets. This, consequently, reduces
telephone privileges and to make Eastern time, each business day. The the NAV of your shares.
other choices that will affect number of shares you receive is based
how you access your investments. on the NAV next calculated after your To learn more, see pages x-x.
(You may also place the order order is received. You'll receive
directly with MainStay.) written confirmation of your purchase.
For more on opening an account To learn more, see pages xx and xx.
(including opening an account
directly) see pages xx-xx.
</TABLE>
4
<PAGE>
...Understanding MainStay Funds
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
4) 5) 6)
Decide how much to Decide when to pay the sales charge: Consider reducing the
invest now or later sales charge
- ------------------ ------------------------------------ ---------------------
<S> <C> <C>
You may split your There may be a sales charge on share purchases. You There are also many ways to reduce
investment among as many may choose to pay it when you invest (and you'll own or eliminate your sales charges,
MainStay Funds as you desire. "Class A" shares); or defer it until you sell, according including combining purchases,
Your initial investment in the to a sliding scale based on the number of years you own signing up for a letter of intent
Fund must be at least $500, the shares (you'll own "Class B" shares). The sliding or others. There are no sales
then $50 thereafter. scale drops from 5% in the first year to 0% after six charges for reinvesting earnings.
years.
See page xx for details.
Deferring the sales charge allows you to buy more
shares; but you'll pay higher ongoing fees than Class A
shareholders, which will reduce any earnings paid to you.
For a list of the pros and cons of each choice, see
page xx.
<CAPTION>
10) 11) 12) 13)
Earn dividends and Exchange shares/ Manage your taxes/ Know your rights/
capital gains Redeem shares Align your goals Stay informed
- ------------------ ---------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
The Fund may earn money You generally may redeem If you've made a profit Most of all, you have the
primarily through interest your shares on any on your investment--either right to ask questions--
payments or capital business day. The Fund through dividends, and have them answered
appreciation of the will redeem shares at distributions or capital intelligently. You may
securities it owns. The the current net asset gains, you may have to pay call your registered
Fund distributes these value and send you a taxes at tax time (consult representative at any
earnings to you on a check. If you wish, you your tax adviser). time.
monthly basis, based on the may exchange shares of
number of shares you own. one MainStay Fund for Be aware that the Fund may MainStay will send
shares of another. You earn 1997 income that will you a quarterly
You may elect to have can only exchange shares be paid to you in January, statement, a
earnings sent to you or of the same class. An 1998, but will apply to confirmation of each
have them automatically exchange is considered a your 1997 tax return. transaction and an
reinvested in more shares sale of one Fund and a annual and semiannual
(with no sales charge). purchase of another and To learn more, see page report on the Fund's
To learn more, see may have tax consequences. xx. status and investments.
page xx.
If you own Class B To learn more, see page
shares you may pay a xx.
charge when you redeem
your shares, depending
on the length of time
you've held the shares.
MainStay provides a
number of convenient
ways to redeem your
shares.
If you buy $1 million or
more of Class A shares
and redeem them within a
year of the purchase,
you will pay a sales
charge.
To learn more, see
pages xx-xx.
</TABLE>
5
<PAGE>
Tell Me The Key Facts
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Analyze the Costs of Investing: Two Kinds of Fees
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
To help you understand the costs of investing in the Fund, we've provided
expense information based on the Fund's estimated expenses for its first year of
operation. Because the expenses are estimated, you should only use these figures
as hypothetical examples of what you might actually pay.
One-time fees. You may pay one-time transaction fees: a sales charge
(commission) for each separate investment or redemption, as applicable. See
pages xx and xx-xx for more details.
Ongoing fees. The Fund pays ongoing operating fees to the investment adviser,
administrator, custodian and other professionals who provide services to the
Fund. These fees are billed to the Fund and then factored into the share price.
They're not billed to you separately; but they do reduce the value of each share
you own. See pages xx and xx-xx for more details.
The Rule 12b-1 fees shown on page x pay, for example, commissions and
marketing/promotional expenses. Management fees go to the investment adviser who
invests your money and to others for their administrative duties such as keeping
records and providing you with statements and reports. "Other" includes legal,
auditing, custodian and other fees. See pages xx-xx for more details on fees.
Why read about costs? Costs are important: they lower your earnings. For
example, a fund with higher costs must perform better just to equal the return
of a fund with lower costs. All things being equal, therefore, a lower-cost fund
will begin with an advantage.
Lower fees alone, however, will not guarantee better total return performance.
For example, a fund with no up-front sales charge may actually have higher
ongoing expenses. It may also leave you without a registered representative to
advise you. You should be sure you understand the nature of different costs.
Investing a million? The up-front sales charge is waived on investments of $1
million or more in Class A shares of The MainStay Funds. But, there will be a
contingent deferred sales charge of 1% on redemptions (sales of shares) made
within a year of the purchase date.
If you invest $1,000, you might pay...
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The "Examples" on the following page are provided to help you understand the
various costs and expenses that an investor in the Fund will bear directly or
indirectly.
The examples are based on a hypothetical 5% annual return on an investment of
$1,000 and redemption at the end of each period; and the estimated annual fund
operating expenses reflected in the chart under "Sales Charges and Operating
Expenses." Each pie chart illustrates the expenses that would be paid by a
shareholder for shares held for a period of three years with the same
assumptions.
The actual return on your investment, of course, may be more or less than 5%;
and the actual expenses may also be more or less than those shown, depending on
a variety of factors, including the performance of the Fund. The figures in the
following chart, therefore, do not represent how your investment will perform.
They are strictly hypothetical examples.
Take Note: The lowest sales charge won't always
be the least expensive option.
The deferred sales charge (Class B shares) declines the longer you stay invested
in the Fund (from 5% in year one to 0% after six years); but, even if your sales
charge drops to 0%, your cost over time might be more than the cost of paying
the full up-front sales charge. Notice the examples on the following page: you
pay higher 12b-1 fees (which are ongoing fees) if you defer the sales charge.
6
<PAGE>
Sales Charges and Operating Expenses Examples
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
STRATEGIC INCOME FUND CLASS A CLASS B CLASS A CLASS B
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assuming Redemption
Shareholder Transaction Expenses Assuming No at the End of
Redemption Each Period
---------- -------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Maximum Sales Charge Imposed on Purchase of
Shares (as a percentage of offering price) 4.50% None Expenses after 1 year $-- $-- $--
Expenses after 3 years $-- $-- $--
Deferred Sales Charge
(as a percentage of redemption proceeds)/1/ None 5.00%
</TABLE>
[PIE CHARTS TO APPEAR HERE INDICATING ALLOCATION OF
TOTAL SALES CHARGES AND EXPENSES]
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Annual Fund Operating Expenses
(as a percentage of average net assets)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Management Fees/2/ --% --% $ up-front sales charge $ deferred sales charge
12b-1 Fees/3/ 0.25% --% management fees management fees
Other Expenses --% --% 12b-1 12b-1
---- ---- other expenses other expenses
Total Fund Operating Expenses --% --% -------------------------- --------------------------
==== ==== $ total sales charges $ total sales charges
and expenses and expenses
</TABLE>
/1/Generally, Class A shares of the Fund are not subject to a contingent
deferred sales charge upon redemption. However, because front-end sales
charges are waived on investments in Class A shares of $1 million or more, a
contingent deferred sales charge of 1.00% will be imposed on redemptions of
such investments effected within one year of the date of purchase. With
respect to Class B shares, the amount of the contingent deferred sales charge
will depend on the number of years since the shareholder made the purchase
payment from which an amount is being redeemed. See "Alternative Sales
Arrangements--Deferred Sales Charge Alternative--Class B Shares--Contingent
Deferred Sales Charge, Class B."
/2/Management Fees include both Investment Advisory and Administration fees.
/3/Under rules of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (the
"NASD"), a distribution fee of up to 0.75% of average annual net assets is
treated as a sales charge for certain purposes under those rules. Because the
distribution fee is an annual fee charged against the assets of the Fund,
long-term shareholders may indirectly pay an amount that is more than the
economic equivalent of the maximum front-end sales charge permitted by rules
of the NASD. For a description of the distribution plan adopted by the Fund,
see "The Distributor."
7
<PAGE>
MainStay Strategic Income Fund
The Fund's investment objective is:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
to provide current income and competitive overall return by investing primarily
in domestic and foreign debt securities.
Who should invest? Investors who seek an opportunity for potentially higher
income and overall return by investing in multiple bond market sectors.
See page xx for more details about the Fund.
WHO'S MANAGING
YOUR MONEY?
RAVI AKHOURY, EDWARD J. MUNSHOWER AND STEVEN TANANBAUM OF MACKAY-SHIELDS
FINANCIAL CORPORATION. See p. xx for biographical information on the portfolio
managers.
The Fund invests in:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under normal market conditions...
...a diversified portfolio of domestic and foreign debt or debt-related
securities issued by government and corporate issuers. The securities may be
denominated in U.S. or foreign currency; and they may have fixed, variable,
floating or inverse floating rates of interest. Maturities of the securities
held by the Fund will vary.
...various bond market sectors (U.S. government--including mortgage-related
securities; foreign government; U.S. corporate and foreign corporate including
high yield securities in each of the foregoing sectors). The Adviser will
allocate the Fund's investments among the various bond market sectors based on
current and projected economic and market conditions.
... a variety of countries, which may include countries with established
economies as well as emerging market countries, including those in Latin America
and other newly industrialized countries, such as South Korea and Taiwan, that
the Adviser believes present favorable opportunities.
...securities rated below BBB by Standard and Poor's ("S&P") or Baa by Moody's
Investors Service, Inc. ("Moody's"), or if unrated, considered by the Adviser to
be of comparable quality.
...not more than 15% of net assets in securities rated lower than B by S&P or
Moody's.
...up to 25% of total assets in equity securities, including common stocks,
preferred stocks, warrants and rights.
...securities in which the Fund may invest include:
. obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. or foreign governments, their
agencies, subdivisions or instrumentalities; obligations of supranational
entities or international agencies;
. debt securities issued by domestic or foreign corporate entities, zero coupon
bonds, and municipal bonds;
. mortgage-related and other asset-backed securities;
. loan participation interests;
. securities that are privately issued and/or convertible into common stock; or
securities traded together with warrants for the purchase of common stock;
and
. cash equivalents.
...futures on debt securities and bond index futures, and options on these
futures; and options on debt securities.
The Fund may buy and sell currency on a spot basis and enter into forward
foreign currency contracts for hedging purposes. The Fund may also buy forward
foreign currency options.
...other investments suitable for the Fund. (See pg. xx "General Investment
Considerations;" and pg. xx, "Description of Investments and Investment
Practices.")
Risks? The NAV of the Fund's shares will fluctuate depending on a number of
factors. Generally, when interest rates fall, the NAV rises; and when interest
rates rise, the NAV declines. Other factors such as changes in the perceived
creditworthiness of certain issuers, changes in the relative values of currency,
and changes in the average maturity of the Fund's investments can also affect
NAV.
The risks of investing in particular types of debt securities also may vary. For
example, some types of debt securities are particularly sensitive to interest
rate changes (e.g. zero coupon bonds and some mortgage- or asset-related
securities) and may therefore be especially volatile. Others may entail unique
or special risks that can affect value. For example, securities rated below BBB
or Baa (sometimes called "junk bonds") are not considered "investment grade" and
run greater risks of price fluctuations, loss of principal and interest, default
or bankruptcy by the issuer, and other risks which is why these securities are
considered speculative.
Investments in foreign securities could be more volatile and more difficult to
sell than U.S. investments, and involve additional risks, including currency
fluctuations and political and economic instabilities.
There are certain risks associated with investments in securities with floating
or inverse floating rates of interest.
Securities of issuers in one country may be denominated in the currency of
another country.
For additional information regarding risks associated with investment in
the Fund, see page xx, "Description of Investments and Investment Practices."
8
<PAGE>
General Investment Considerations
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SOME IMPORTANT POINTS TO UNDERSTAND ABOUT INVESTING IN MUTUAL FUNDS
The share price of a Fund isn't always stable
The value of the securities in the Fund and the share price (NAV) of the Fund
will fluctuate. Many factors can affect the value of securities, including:
. conditions in the securities markets;
. business success of the companies that issued the securities;
. creditworthiness of the companies that issued the
securities;
. interest rates;
. average maturity of the Fund's nonequity or debt investments;
. foreign currency exchange rates (where applicable); and
. other factors.
Funds aren't guaranteed
Remember, mutual funds are not guaranteed or federally insured, even if you buy
them through a bank. MainStay recommends that you speak with your registered
representative to learn about other smart ways to help protect your money based
on the level of risk you are willing to take.
Fundamental investment objective
The investment objective of the Fund is fundamental, which means it can't be
changed without shareholder approval.
Read the prospectus
You need to consider as many factors as possible when making an investment
decision--which is why it's important to read the prospectus.
FUND DIVERSIFICATION
The Fund is "diversified" for the purposes of the Investment Company Act of
1940, as amended ("1940 Act").
TEMPORARY DEFENSIVE MEASURES
In times of unusual or adverse market conditions, for temporary defensive
purposes, the Fund may invest without limit in cash and cash equivalents (as
defined on page xx under "Description of Investments and Investment Practices--
Cash Equivalents").
9
<PAGE>
General Investment Considerations
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVESTMENTS IN ILLIQUID AND RESTRICTED SECURITIES
The Fund has a nonfundamental policy that it will not invest more than 15% of
its net assets in "illiquid" securities. These are securities subject to legal
or contractual restrictions on resale (other than restricted securities eligible
for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933), repurchase
agreements maturing in more than seven days, certain options traded over the
counter or other securities which legally or in the opinion of the Adviser are
deemed illiquid.
There may be undesirable delays and added costs in selling restricted
securities.
The effects of trading costs on your total return
"Portfolio turnover" is the term used in the industry for measuring the amount
of trading that occurs in a fund's portfolio during the year. A 100% turnover
rate, for example, means that, on average, every security in the portfolio has
been replaced once during the year. The Fund estimates that its annual portfolio
turnover rate will not exceed ___%.
Funds with high turnover rates (extensive trading activity) often have higher
transaction costs (which are paid by the fund) and may generate short-term
capital gains (on which you'll pay taxes, even if you don't sell any shares by
year-end).
[A fund with consistently higher total returns and higher turnover rates than
another fund may actually be achieving better performance precisely because the
managers are active traders. You should be aware that the "total return" figure
(also found as a line item in a fund's "Financial Highlights" table) already
includes portfolio turnover costs.]
10
<PAGE>
Decide whether to pay a sales charge now, later...or maybe never
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MainStay gives you the choice to either pay a sales charge up-front (Class A
shares), or pay a sales charge at the "back-end" when you sell (Class B shares).
Your registered representative can help you determine which type of sales charge
would work better for you, based on how much and how long you wish to invest,
and other factors listed in the table below.
MOST OF THE CHARACTERISTICS ARE THE SAME
Both Class A and Class B shares represent an interest in the same investments,
give you the same rights, and are identical in all other respects, except each
bears its own service and distribution expenses (Rule 12b-1 fees), and any other
specific class expenses the Board may approve.
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENCES IF YOU...
...PAY UP-FRONT (CLASS A SHARES)?
Since some of your investment goes to pay a sales charge up-front, you start off
owning fewer shares. But, you're usually better off paying up front if you:
. plan to own the shares for an extended period of time, since the Rule 12b-1
fees on Class B shares will eventually exceed the cost of the up-front sales
charge; or
. qualify for a reduced sales charge (see page xx, "Consider Reducing Your Sales
Charge," for details).
You pay lower ongoing Rule 12b-1 fees--which means there's more net income to
pay you higher dividends per share.
You pay no sales charge when you redeem/sell your shares.
If there aren't enough shares...
When you sell Class B shares, the Fund is permitted to sell additional Class B
shares to cover the cost of the sales charge. If you don't own enough extra
Class B shares to do this, the sales charge will be taken from the proceeds of
your sale, reducing the amount paid to you.
If it's automatic reinvestment...
You don't pay any sales charge (Class A or Class B) on shares bought through the
automatic reinvestment of dividends or capital gains. The full amount goes
toward buying more shares.
VS
...PAY WHEN YOU REDEEM/SELL (CLASS B SHARES)?
You pay no up-front sales charge; your full investment goes toward buying
shares, so you start off owning more shares.
The ongoing Rule 12b-1 fees are higher, which means:
. you receive lower dividends;
. your NAV will generally be lower; and,
. therefore, total performance per share will be lower than the Class A shares
(but you'll own more shares).
You may pay a sales charge if you sell shares within the next 6 years (there are
exceptions; see page xx, "Deferred Sales Charge Class B Shares - Contingent
Deferred Sales Charge, Class B");
. the sales charge drops from 5% in the first year to 0% after six years;
. it's assumed you're selling the shares you've owned the longest, so you pay
the lowest possible sales charge;
. if you sell the Fund's shares, the sales charge will be based on the lower of
the current NAV of Fund shares less dividends and distributions or the price
you originally paid for those shares.
11
<PAGE>
Consider Reducing Your Sales Charge
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
THE REINVESTMENT PRIVILEGE MAY HELP YOU AVOID SALES CHARGES
When you sell shares, you have the right--for 30 days--to reinvest any or all of
the money in any MainStay Fund without paying another sales charge (as long as
those shares haven't been reinvested once already). If you've paid a sales
charge when you redeem (Class B shares), you'll receive a pro rata credit for
reinvesting.
Note: Reinvestment won't relieve you of any tax consequences on gains realized
from the sale; the deductions for losses may, however, be denied and, in some
cases, sales charges may not be taken into account in computing gains or losses
if the reinvestment privilege is exercised.
COMBINING PURCHASES LOWERS THE CHARGE
Generally, you can reduce a sales charge on purchases of Class A shares based on
how much you've already invested. The sales charge will be calculated on the
total net asset value of all the MainStay Fund Class A shares you own (excluding
MainStay Money Market Fund shares). This is helpful because the more you invest
with MainStay, the smaller the sales charge. (See "Alternative Sales
Arrangements," page xx.)
Make your actions known
To receive the discount, you must convey the information about the shares you
already own at the time you buy. This privilege of "Rights of Accumulation" may
be ended or altered at any time.
REGULAR WITHDRAWALS TO PAY PREMIUMS
You won't pay a sales charge upon selling (Class B shares) if you redeem shares
under the Systematic Withdrawal Plan to pay scheduled monthly premiums on
insurance issued by New York Life or an affiliate.
SIGN A LETTER OF INTENT (LOI)
If you qualify, you can sign a letter stating your intention to invest at least
$100,000 within the next 24 months in Class A shares of one or more MainStay
Funds and to pay the up-front sales charge. The current sales charge will be
based on the total amount you intend to invest (the more you invest, the smaller
the sales charge). See "Alternative Sales Arrangements," page xx. For more
information on LOIs, call your registered representative or MainStay Client
Services at 1-800-462-6789.
INVEST $1,000,000 OR MORE
If you invest $1,000,000 or more in Class A shares of one or more MainStay
Funds, and don't sell the shares for at least one year, the up-front sales
charge is waived. If you sell the shares within one year, you will pay a sales
charge of 1% upon sale. See page xx, "Reduced Sales Charges on Class A shares--
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge, Class A," for details. (This rule doesn't
apply to exchanges between MainStay Funds or withdrawals from qualified pension,
profit sharing and retirement plans.) Purchases of $1,000,000 or more must be
for Class A shares and will not be accepted for Class B shares.
Take note: Sales charges are sometimes waived
- -------------------------------------------------------
There are many other situations, including purchases by certain retirement
plans, which entitle you to a waiver of the sales charge. (For purchases at NAV,
see page xx for the full listing.)
12
<PAGE>
Open an Account and...
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RELY ON YOUR REGISTERED REPRESENTATIVE
MainStay Funds are called "load" funds, meaning you pay a sales charge for the
ongoing assistance and advice of your registered representative.
"No-load" (no commission) funds generally require you to buy their shares on
your own, directly from them.
HAVE YOUR REGISTERED REPRESENTATIVE PLACE THE ORDER
Your registered representative can enter your order immediately by calling 1-
800-848-3863, help you complete the application correctly and send it in for
you.
The Distributor must receive payment within 3 business days or MainStay will
cancel your order. You and/or the broker/dealer may also be liable for any
losses or fees incurred.
YOU MUST INVEST AT LEAST THE MINIMUM AMOUNT
. To open an account: $500
. Each time after that: $50
The minimum initial investment is waived for purchases by Trustees of the Trust,
New York Life and its subsidiaries and their employees, officers, directors or
agents.
FILL OUT THE APPLICATION COMPLETELY...
...with your registered representative's help.
Be sure to include the:
. name(s) you want to appear on the account;
. choice of Class A or Class B shares;
. amount of the investment;
. your certified Social Security Number or Taxpayer I.D. Number;
. financial information;
. employer information;
. other requested information.
HOW TO BUY SHARES
[GRAPHIC OF A CHECK PARTIALLY PLACED INTO AN ENVELOPE]
SEND A CHECK TO YOUR REGISTERED REPRESENTATIVE WITH THE APPLICATION
You'll pay the next NAV that's set after your order is received and accepted,
plus any sales charge if purchasing Class A shares. Your check must be in U.S.
dollars and drawn on a U.S. bank. Include the account number and class of shares
(Class A or Class B) you wish to buy. If the check doesn't clear, your order
will be cancelled and you could be liable for losses or fees. We also reserve
the right to limit the number of checks processed at one time.
You may send additional investments (minimum $50 each check) directly to:
MainStay Funds, PO Box 8401, Boston, MA 02266-8401. Please include your account
number and class of shares with all checks.
[GRAPHIC OF A TELEPHONE]
HAVE YOUR REGISTERED REPRESENTATIVE ORDER BY TELEPHONE...
... between 9:00 AM and 4:00 PM Eastern time on any day the New York Stock
Exchange is open. You'll pay the next NAV that's set after your order is
received and accepted, plus any sales charge for Class A shares. Have your
registered representative call 1-800-848-3863. Purchase orders effected by
telephone are subject to a purchase minimum of $5,000. The Distributor must
receive your money (and the application, if it's your initial investment) within
the next 3 business days. All calls are recorded.
13
<PAGE>
...Buy Shares
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MAKE SURE YOU ARE USING THE PROPER FORMS
Your order to buy is only accepted when received by BFDS (the transfer agent)
with all information, signatures, documents and payments required to carry it
out. Federal law requires you to provide a certified Taxpayer I.D. Number when
you open an account.
BUY SHARES AT THE CURRENT MARKET PRICE
(known as the net asset value, or NAV) on days the New York Stock Exchange is
open.
The NAV--the price of a share that is used for buying and selling--is determined
each day that the New York Stock Exchange is open. NAV is calculated at the
close of business of the New York Stock Exchange (normally at 4:00 PM Eastern
time).
NAV is calculated by:
- ------------------------------------------------
. taking the current market value of the Fund's total assets attributable to a
class of shares (either Class A shares or Class B shares);
. subtracting the liabilities; and
. dividing the remainder by the total number of shares owned of that class.
(See page xx and the SAI for the full details on calculating NAV.)
Make sure your application is complete
- ------------------------------------------------
MainStay and the Distributor each reserves the right to reject your application,
particularly if it's incomplete (for instance, if you haven't included your
certified Taxpayer I.D. Number).
Choices
- ------------------------------------------------
If you want the ability to sell shares by telephone, or receive checks for the
dividends or capital gains you earn, you must grant authorization on the
application.
-----------------------------------------------------------
[GRAPHIC OF A RADIO SIGNAL TOWER]
WIRE MONEY FROM YOUR BANK ACCOUNT
Have your registered representative call the Distributor for an account number
and wiring instructions. Give them to your bank, which may charge a fee for
wiring. The Distributor must receive your money (and application, if it's your
initial investment) within the next 3 business days.
To buy shares the same day, your registered representative must call by noon,
Eastern time, and the wire must be received by the Shareholder Servicing Agent
before 4:00 PM Eastern time. (See page xx, "How to Purchase Shares of the Funds-
- -By Wire," for the wire address.) No wires are accepted on days when the New
York Stock Exchange is closed, or on Martin Luther King Day, Columbus Day or
Veterans Day, because the bank that would receive your wire is closed.
The fastest way to invest
Wiring will reduce the waiting time on selling or exchanging shares because your
money will be cleared right away. If you buy by check and quickly decide to
sell, the Fund will reject your redemption requests until we're sure your check
has cleared (which can take up to 10 calendar days).
[GRAPHIC OF A CLOCK]
SET UP A SYSTEMATIC INVESTMENT OR EXCHANGE PLAN
Through payroll deductions or AutoInvest, you may open an account by authorizing
your bank to automatically send money on a regular schedule to purchase shares
of the Fund or other MainStay Funds. The initial minimum is $100 per class of
share of the Fund. Subsequent minimum investments for the Fund are $50. (See
page xx,"How to Purchase Shares of the Funds--Systematic Investment Plans," for
waiving minimums and for details on AutoInvest.)
You may also establish a Systematic Exchange Program to have a minimum of $100
exchanged periodically from any MainStay Fund (except the MainStay Equity Index
Fund) to another MainStay Fund within the same class of shares. The Fund from
which exchanges are made must have an account value of at least $10,000 at the
time the Systematic Exchange Program is established. Before establishing a
Systematic Exchange Program, you must obtain and read the prospectus for the
MainStay Fund you wish to exchange into. (See page xx, "Redemptions and
Exchanges--Exchange Privileges," for details.)
14
<PAGE>
Know How to Sell and Exchange Shares
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PLACE YOUR SALES ORDER DIRECTLY OR THROUGH YOUR REGISTERED REPRESENTATIVE, IF
ALLOWED BY THE BROKER DEALER
If you place the order through your registered representative:
. The transfer agent must receive the order with all the information, signatures
and documentation necessary to carry out the order ("good order").
. Your shares are then priced at the next NAV set for the Fund (either 4:00 PM
Eastern time that day; or the next day, if the order is placed too late) after
receipt of your order.
IF YOU PLACE THE ORDER DIRECTLY, YOU CAN DO IT THROUGH A WRITTEN REQUEST OR IN
ONE OF THE FOLLOWING THREE WAYS
When you want to use one of MainStay's alternative selling privileges, call 1-
800-462-6789 to verify that the options you want are on record--before you need
to use them.
OPTION 1
USE A SYSTEMATIC WITHDRAWAL PLAN [GRAPHIC OF A CALENDAR]
. Requires at least $10,000 in the
account at time of request
You may arrange to make monthly redemptions of $100 or more from the Fund.
Shares will be sold automatically to cover the amount plus any applicable sales
charge.
These redemptions, like any sale, may result in a gain or loss and, therefore,
may be subject to taxation. Consult your tax adviser on the consequences.
MainStay may end this plan at any time; or begin charging up to $5 per
redemption after 30 days' written notice to you.
No sales charges
There are no deferred sales charges on systematic redemptions to pay scheduled
monthly premiums on policies issued by New York Life or an affiliate.
Words to the wise
We don't recommend using this plan during times when you're regularly buying
shares: you'll be paying new sales charges just to replace the shares you're
selling.
Also remember, these redemptions aren't dividends or income. If you redeem more
than the Fund is earning for you, eventually, your account will be worth less
than your original investment and, ultimately, you will redeem all of your
shares.
Systematic withdrawal plans established by phone are subject to the procedures
applicable to telephone redemptions.
You have help
If permitted by the broker-dealer, your registered
representative may sell or exchange your shares, or set up a systematic
withdrawal plan for you, by phone, unless you notify us in writing not to allow
it.
Your shares could be redeemed involuntarily
To reduce expenses, we have the right to redeem the shares in any account valued
at less than $250, provided that the value isn't based on fluctuations in market
prices.
We'll give you 60 days' written notice to give you time to add to your account
and avoid the redemption.
To avoid paying a reporting penalty, we may also redeem your shares if you
haven't given us a certified Taxpayer I.D. Number.
15
<PAGE>
OR, OPTION 2
MAKE A TELEPHONE REQUEST:
1-800-462-6789
You may sell or exchange shares directly over the phone.
. Minimum amount: $500 for exchanges
. You automatically have this privilege unless you notify us in writing that you
do not want it.
Whether you're buying, selling, or requesting a wire transfer or a check, the
price you receive is the next price (NAV) determined for the Fund (either at
4:00 PM Eastern time that day; or at 4:00 PM the next day, if the order is
placed too late) after receipt of your order.
Your broker-dealer must receive your order by 4:00 PM, and is responsible for
sending it in by 5:00 PM the day you place it.
. Be ready to present your Social Security Number or Taxpayer I.D. Number over
the phone.
. You can only exchange by phone between accounts with identical names,
addresses and Social Security Numbers/Taxpayer I.D. Numbers. Exchanges between
different accounts are only allowed if made in writing and include the proper
information--ask your registered representative.
Telephone redemptions are not permitted for shares:
. represented by certificates;
. bought within the previous 10 calendar days;
. owned by someone whose address of record has changed within the previous 30
days; or
. held in a retirement account.
Telephone exchanges are not permitted for shares represented by certificate.
When using the MainStay Audio Response System, you bear the risk of any loss
from your errors in using the system.
Convenient, yes...but not risk-free
- ---------------------------------------------
Telephone redemption privileges are convenient, but you give up some security.
By signing an application to purchase shares, you agree that neither MainStay
Funds nor the Shareholder Servicing Agent will be liable for following
instructions via the phone that they reasonably believe are genuine. You bear
the risk of any loss, unless the Fund or the Shareholder Servicing Agent fails
to use established safeguards for your protection. These safeguards are among
those currently in place at MainStay Funds:
. all phone calls are tape recorded;
. written confirmation of every transaction is sent to your address of record.
We'll send your money within the next 7 days. MainStay will make the payment,
minus any deferred sales charge, within 7 days after receiving your redemption
request in "good order." You will receive the first NAV fixed after your order
is received in "good order."
Use exchange privileges. Once you open an account, you may exchange shares of
the same class (Class A shares for Class A shares; Class B shares for Class B
shares) between MainStay Funds without a sales charge. There are two exceptions:
You will pay a sales charge if you:
. exchange shares of the Mainstay Money Market Fund for Class A shares in
another Fund, unless you've already paid the sales charge on those shares; or,
. exchange Class B shares out of the Mainstay Money Market Fund into another
Fund and redeem within 6 years of the original purchase.
You may not exchange Class A shares for Class B shares, or vice versa. If you
sell Class B shares and then buy Class A shares, you may have to pay a deferred
sales charge on the Class B shares, as applicable, and pay an initial sales
charge on the Class A shares.
Before you exchange shares of the Fund for shares of another MainStay Fund, you
must first obtain and read the prospectus for the MainStay Fund you wish to
exchange into.
When exchanged shares are redeemed, any applicable sales charge will be charged.
What if you buy by check then quickly sell? We will reject your redemption
requests until we're sure that your check clears; usually within 10 days of
receiving the check.
If you're requesting a wire transfer by phone
. Minimum amount: $5,000
. Limit: One every 30 days
. Authorization: You must select this option on
your application
After receiving your sell order by phone, we will send the proceeds by bank wire
to your designated bank account the next business day. Your bank may charge you
a fee to receive the wire transfer.
If you're requesting a check by phone
. Maximum amount: $100,000
The check will be payable to you--as the name (or names) appear on the account--
and mailed to the address appearing on the account. (See page xx, "Redemptions
and Exchanges," for more details.)
Requests to redeem shares worth $100,000 or more must be made in writing and
require a signature guarantee.
You may change your mind
To cancel any telephone privilege, call (or have your registered representative
call) 1-800-462-6789 between 8:00 AM and 6:00 PM Eastern time. We reserve the
right to suspend or end telephone privileges at any time without notice.
16
<PAGE>
Decide How to Receive Your Earnings
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TWO KINDS OF EARNINGS
DIVIDENDS AND INTEREST
Most funds earn either dividends from stocks, interest from bonds and other
securities, or both. A mutual fund, however, always pays this income to you as
"dividends." The dividends paid by the Fund will vary based on the income from
its investments and the expenses incurred by the Fund.
When the Fund pays
The Fund declares and distributes any dividends monthly.
CAPITAL GAINS
Funds earn capital gains when they sell securities in their portfolio at a
profit.
When the Fund pays
At the end of each fiscal year, the Fund matches its gains against its losses;
and, if the balance results in a gain, the Fund will distribute the gain to
shareholders.
When are you paid? On the first business day of each month after a dividend is
declared.
HOW TO TAKE YOUR EARNINGS
You may choose how to receive earnings (and change your choice as often as you
like) by notifying your registered representative (if permitted by the broker-
dealer) or MainStay directly. If you don't make a choice on your application,
your earnings will be automatically reinvested in the same class of shares of
the Fund. In order to reinvest dividends and/or capital gains in another
MainStay Fund, you must have an established account in that class of shares of
that Fund. Here are your choices:
REINVEST EVERYTHING IN:
. the Fund; or
. in another MainStay Fund of your choice.
TAKE THE DIVIDENDS IN CASH
Reinvest the capital gains in:
. the Fund; or
. in another MainStay Fund of your choice.
TAKE THE CAPITAL GAINS IN CASH
Reinvest the dividends in:
. the Fund; or
. in another MainStay Fund of your choice.
TAKE EVERYTHING IN CASH
17
<PAGE>
Understand the Tax Consequences
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Fund intends to be treated as a regulated investment company under
subchapter M of the Code. As a regulated investment company, the Fund is
required to distribute at least 90% of its:
. net taxable income;
. net short-term capital gains; and
. net tax-exempt income.
"Net" means the amount remaining after tax deductible expenses (expenses reduce
"gross" earnings: in other words, the amount the Fund can pay to you.)
MOST OF YOUR DIVIDENDS ARE TAXABLE
Virtually all of the dividends you receive from the Fund are taxable, whether
you take them as cash or automatically reinvest them. Some dividends will be
taxable as long-term capital gains.
MainStay keeps track of your tax status and will mail your tax report each year
by January 31. This report will tell you which dividends and redemptions should
be treated as taxable ordinary income; which, if any, as tax-exempt income; and
which, if any, as long- and short-term capital gains.
Retirement plans
None of the dividends earned in a tax-deferred retirement plan are taxable until
distributed from the plan.
Taxes on foreign investment income
Income earned from investments in foreign countries may be withheld by those
countries as income taxes. Under certain circumstances, the Fund may elect to
pass along tax credits or deductions to you for foreign income taxes paid,
although there are no assurances that the Fund will be able to do so, or that
the credits or deductions will result in a tax benefit to you.
Seek assistance
- -------------------------------------
Your registered representative is always available to help you keep your
investment goals coordinated with your tax considerations. You should, however,
rely on your tax adviser for tax counsel.
For additional information on taxation, see the SAI.
Don't overlook sales charges
- -------------------------------------
The amount you pay in sales charges reduces gains and increases losses for tax
purposes.
18
<PAGE>
Know with Whom You're Investing
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WHO MANAGES YOUR MONEY?
Under the supervision of the Fund's Trustees, the investment adviser (the
"Adviser") is responsible for making the specific decisions about buying,
selling and holding securities; selecting brokers and brokerage firms to trade
for them; maintaining accurate records; and, if possible, negotiating favorable
commissions and fees with the brokers and brokerage firms. For these services,
the investment adviser is paid a monthly fee by the Fund. (See "Investment
Adviser, Administrator and Distributor--The Adviser," page xx, for a breakdown
of fees.)
MacKay-Shields Financial Corporation
9 West 57th St.
New York, N.Y. 10019
- ------------------------------------
MacKay-Shields manages the Fund. The firm was incorporated in 1969 as an
independent investment advisory firm and was privately held until 1984 when it
became a wholly owned but autonomously managed subsidiary of New York Life
Insurance Company. As of December 31, 1996, MacKay-Shields managed over $__
billion in assets.
Portfolio Managers
- ------------------------------------
Mr. Akhoury joined MacKay-Shields as a director in 1984, became managing
director in 1988, president and member, Board of Directors in 1989 and Chairman
and CEO in 1992. Previously he'd served four years as fixed income manager for
Fischer Francis Trees and Watts and seven years for the Equitable Life Assurance
Society. Mr. Munshower is a Director of MacKay-Shields. He joined MacKay-Shields
as a fixed income investment specialist in 1985 after having been an investment
analyst for New York Life Insurance Company. Mr. Munshower has over 14 years of
experience in investment management and research. Mr. Tananbaum, who is
primarily responsible for the high yield portion of the Fund's portfolio, is a
Director of MacKay-Shields. Mr. Tananbaum joined MacKay-Shields in 1989.
Previously, he worked as a high yield and merger associate intern in the
corporate finance department of Kidder Peabody.
Who works to protect your interests?
- ----------------------------------------------
A Board of Trustees oversees the Fund. The Trustees have financial or other
relevant experience and meet several times during the year to review contracts,
Fund activities and the quality of services provided to the Fund. Other than
serving as Trustees, most of the Board Members have no affiliation with MainStay
Funds or its service providers.
19
<PAGE>
Know with Whom You're Investing
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WHO DISTRIBUTES THE MAINSTAY FUNDS?
NYLife Distributors Inc., 260 Cherry Hill Road, Parsippany, NJ 07054, acts as
the principal underwriter and distributor of the Fund's shares. NYLife
Distributors Inc. (the "Distributor") is a corporation organized under New York
laws and is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of New York Life Insurance
Company. The Distributor offers shares of the Fund. In addition, NYLife
Securities Inc. and other broker-dealers offer shares of the Fund pursuant to
dealer agreements with the Distributor. The Distributor and other broker-dealers
pay commissions and service fees to registered representatives. The Distributor
also pays for printing and mailing prospectuses and sales literature; and for
any advertising for the Fund. For its services, the Distributor is paid a
monthly fee--the Rule 12b-1 fee. (See page xx, "The Investment Adviser,
Administrator and Distributor--The Distributor" for more details.)
WHO KEEPS TRACK OF YOUR ACCOUNT?
Boston Financial Data Services (BFDS) is the Fund's Transfer, Dividend
Disbursing and Shareholder Servicing Agent. BFDS provides customer service, is
responsible for preparing and sending statements, confirms and checks, and keeps
certain financial and accounting records. BFDS is at 2 Heritage Drive, North
Quincy, MA 02171. The Fund may also contract with other service organizations,
including broker-dealers and other financial institutions, which will establish
a single omnibus account for their clients with the Fund and other MainStay
Funds. The service organizations will provide shareholder services to the
shareholders within the omnibus accounts and receive fees for those services
from the Funds.
The Bank of New York is the custodian of the investments of the Fund and has
subcustodial agreements for holding the Fund's foreign securities.
WHO RUNS MAINSTAY'S DAY-TO-DAY BUSINESS?
NYLife Distributors Inc. (the "Administrator") also serves as the
administrator, handling business affairs for the Fund. The Administrator
provides offices and conducts clerical, recordkeeping and bookkeeping services,
and keeps most of the financial and accounting records required for the Fund.
The Administrator pays the salaries and expenses of all personnel affiliated
with the Fund, and all the operational expenses that aren't the responsibility
of the Fund. (See page xx, "Investment Adviser, Administrator and Distributor,"
and the SAI for full details.)
For its services, the Fund pays the Administrator a monthly fee. (See page xx,
"The Investment Adviser, Administrator and Distributor--The Administrator".)
20
<PAGE>
Know Your Rights as a Shareholder
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
YOU HAVE THE RIGHT TO ASK ANY QUESTIONS
Any time you have a question about your account, you should:
. ask your registered representative;
. call 1-800-462-6789 (between 8:00 AM and 6:00 PM
Eastern time); or
. write to The MainStay Funds, P.O. Box 8401,
Boston, Massachusetts, 02266-8401.
THE RIGHT TO RECEIVE INFORMATION ABOUT YOUR INVESTMENT -- CALL 1-800-462-6789
You receive quarterly statements reviewing your investment in the Fund,
including the number and value of shares, dividends declared or paid and other
information.
Confirmations
Every time you buy or sell shares of the Fund or exchange shares between the
Fund and another MainStay Fund, you'll receive a confirmation in the mail
shortly thereafter. It summarizes all the key information: what you bought and
sold, what it cost, the sales charge (if any) and other vital data.
Financial reports
You will receive an annual financial statement for the
Fund, examined by the Fund's independent accountants.
You will also receive semiannual financial statements which are unaudited.
Each financial report shows:
. the investments owned by the Fund;
. the market value of each investment; and
. other financial information.
Keep your statements.
You may need them for tax reporting purposes.
Be alert: Mistakes can happen.
Always review your confirmations and statements
immediately.
THE RIGHT TO HAVE ONE SHARE, ONE VOTE
. Every share issued by the Fund carries equal ownership rights.
. By owning shares, you're entitled to vote on certain issues and policies
regarding the Fund and the class of shares you own. You have one vote per
share you own.
. You're entitled to vote in the election of MainStay Trustees and to ratify
independent accountants.
. You're entitled to approve the adoption of any new
investment advisory agreement or plan of distribution relating to the Fund.
. You're also entitled to approve any changes in fundamental investment
restrictions or policies of the Fund.
THE RIGHT TO ATTEND MEETINGS
Although the Fund doesn't intend to hold annual shareholder meetings, you have
the right to call a meeting of shareholders for the purpose of voting on
removing a Trustee for cause. Removing a Trustee requires the approval of two-
thirds of the outstanding shares issued for all of The MainStay Funds.
Generally, shareholder meetings are only held when the Trustees recommend an
action which requires shareholder approval.
21
<PAGE>
Tell Me The Details
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Trust
- ------------------------------------------
The Trust was established as a Massachusetts business trust on January 9, 1986
by a Declaration of Trust. The Fund commenced operations on March 1, 1997. The
responsibilities of the Board of Trustees of the Trust are derived from the laws
of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as
amended (the "1940 Act"). The Declaration of Trust and By-laws authorize the
Trustees to establish additional series or "Funds" as well as additional classes
of shares.
Under Massachusetts law, shareholders could, under certain circumstances, be
held liable for the obligations of the Trust. However, the Declaration of Trust
disclaims any shareholder liability in connection with Trust property or the
acts, obligations or affairs of the Trust. The Declaration of Trust provides
that the Trust shall indemnify and hold each shareholder harmless from and
against all claims and liabilities, to which such shareholder may become subject
by reason of his being or having been a shareholder, and shall reimburse such
shareholder out of the Trust's property for all legal and other expenses
reasonably incurred by him in connection with any such claim or liability. The
risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder
liability is limited to circumstances in which the Trust itself would be unable
to meet its obligations and, thus, should be considered remote.
Shares have non-cumulative voting rights, do not have preemptive or subscription
rights and are transferable. No contingent deferred sales charge would be
imposed on distributions during liquidation of a Fund.
As of December 31, 1996, the Trust had aggregate net assets of $_____________,
and __________ shareholders.
The Trust is an open-end management investment company registered under the 1940
Act.
Other Information About the Fund
- ------------------------------------------
Investment in the Fund alone does not constitute a complete investment program.
Investment decisions for the Fund are made independently from those of the other
accounts and investment companies that may be managed by the Adviser. However,
if such other accounts or investment companies are prepared to invest in, or
desire to dispose of, securities in which the Fund invests at the same time as
the Fund, available investments or opportunities for sales will be allocated
equitably to each. In some cases, this procedure may adversely affect the size
of the position obtained for or disposed of by the Fund or the price paid or
received by the Fund.
The Fund seeks to provide current income and competitive overall return by
investing primarily in domestic and foreign debt securities. The Adviser manages
the Fund by allocating the Fund's investments primarily among various bond
market sectors and types of debt securities and debt-related securities, such as
mortgage- and other asset-backed securities. In that regard, the words "debt
securities" as used in the Fund's investment objective include debt-related
securities. In managing the Fund, the Adviser conducts a continuing review of
yields and other information derived from a data base which it maintains in
managing fixed-income portfolios. Fundamental economic cycle analysis, credit
quality and interest rate trends are among the principal factors considered by
the Adviser in determining whether to increase or decrease the emphasis placed
upon a particular type of security or bond market sector within the Fund's
investment portfolio.
In making investment decisions with respect to maturity shifts, the Adviser
takes into account a broad range of fundamental and technical indicators. The
Adviser will alter the average maturity of the portfolio in accordance with its
judgment based on the research and other methods described above.
In seeking a competitive overall return, capital appreciation may be sought by
lengthening the maturities of high yield debt securities held in the Fund's
portfolio during periods when the Adviser expects interest rates to decline. If
the Adviser is incorrect in its expectations of changes in interest rates, or in
its evaluation of the normal yield relationship between two securities, the
Fund's income, NAV and potential capital gains could decrease; or the potential
loss could increase. This and other factors may affect the income available for
distribution to shareholders.
Since available yields and yield differentials vary over time, no specific level
of income or yield differential can ever be ensured.
Debt securities in which the Fund may invest include all types of debt
obligations of both domestic and foreign issuers, such as bonds, debentures,
notes, equipment lease certificates, equipment trust certificates, conditional
sales contracts, commercial paper, foreign government securities and U.S.
government securities (including obligations, such as repurchase agreements,
secured by such instruments).
The Fund may invest in participation interests in loans. Such participation
interests, which may take the form of interests in, or assignments of, loans,
are acquired from banks which have made loans or are members of lending
syndicates. The Fund's investments in loan participation interests will be
subject to its limitation on investments in illiquid securities and, to the
extent applicable, its limitation on investments in securities rated below
investment grade.
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The Fund may invest up to 40% of the value of its total assets in each of the
electric utility and telephone industries, but will not invest more than 25% in
either of those industries unless yields available for four consecutive weeks in
the four highest rating categories on new issue bonds in such industry (issue
size of $50 million or more) have averaged in excess of 105% of yields of new
issue long-term industrial bonds similarly rated (issue size of $50 million or
more).
In making investments in foreign securities the Adviser will determine, using
good faith and judgement, (1) country allocation; (2) currency exposure (asset
allocation across currencies); and (3) diversified security holdings within each
market. The Adviser may consider factors such as prospects for currency exchange
and interest rates, and inflation in each country, relative economic growth,
government policies influencing exchange rates and business conditions, and
quality of individual issuers.
To hedge the market value of securities held, proposed to be held or sold or
relating to foreign currency exchange rates, the Fund may enter into or purchase
securities or securities index options, foreign currency options, and futures
contracts and related options with respect to securities, indexes of securities,
or currencies. The Fund also may buy and sell currencies on a spot or forward
basis. Subject to compliance with applicable rules, futures contracts and
related options may be used for any legally permissible purpose, including as a
substitute for acquiring a basket of securities and to reduce transaction costs.
The Fund may also purchase and sell foreign exchange contracts for purposes of
seeking to enhance portfolio returns and manage portfolio risk more efficiently.
Generally, the average maturity of the foreign securities held by the Fund will
be shorter when interest rates worldwide or in a particular country are expected
to rise, and longer when interest rates are expected to fall. The Fund may use
various techniques to shorten or lengthen the dollar-weighted average maturity
of its portfolio, including transactions in futures and options on futures,
interest rate swaps, caps, floors and short sales against the box.
The duration of the Fund's portfolio will be managed in light of current and
projected economic and market conditions and other factors considered relevant
by the Adviser.
The Adviser seeks to reduce risk through diversification, credit analysis and
attention to current developments and trends in both the economy and financial
markets. For a further discussion of the special risks of investing in lower-
rated and foreign securities, see "Risks of Investing in High Yield Securities
('Junk Bonds')" and "Foreign Securities" in this prospectus.
Description of Investments and
Investment Practices
- ----------------------------------------
Information about the following types of investments, investment practices and
related risks appears below: Arbitrage, Brady Bonds, Cash Equivalents, Floaters
and Inverse Floaters, Foreign Currency Transactions, Foreign Index-Linked
Instruments, Foreign Securities, Futures Contracts and Options on Futures
Contracts, Lending of Portfolio Securities, Mortgage-Related Securities, Options
on Foreign Currencies, Options on Securities and Indexes, Repurchase Agreements,
Short Sales Against the Box, Swap Agreements, When-Issued Securities and Forward
Commitments, Zero Coupon Bonds and Risks of Investing in High Yield Securities
("Junk Bonds"). For more information about the investments, investment practices
and risks described in this section, please see the SAI.
ARBITRAGE
The Fund may sell in one market a security which it owns and simultaneously
purchase the same security in another market, or it may buy a security in one
market and simultaneously sell it in another market, in order to take advantage
of differences between the prices of the security in the different markets.
Although the Fund does not actively engage in arbitrage, such transactions may
be entered into only with respect to debt securities and will occur only in a
dealer's market where the buying and selling dealers involved confirm their
prices to the Fund at the time of the transaction, thus eliminating any risk to
the assets of a Fund.
BRADY BONDS
The Fund may invest in Brady Bonds, which are securities created through the
exchange of existing commercial bank loans to sovereign entities for new
obligations in connection with debt restructurings. Brady Bonds may be
collateralized or uncollateralized and are issued in various currencies
(primarily the dollar). Brady Bonds are not considered U.S. government
securities. In light of various factors, including the history of defaults with
respect to commercial bank loans by public and private entities of countries
issuing Brady Bonds, investments in Brady Bonds are to be viewed as speculative.
There can be no assurance that Brady Bonds acquired by the Fund will not be
subject to restructuring arrangements or to requests for new credit, which may
cause the Fund to suffer a loss of interest or principal on any of its holdings.
For further information see "Brady Bonds" in the SAI.
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<PAGE>
CASH EQUIVALENTS
The Fund may invest in cash or cash equivalents, which include, but are not
limited to: short-term obligations issued or guaranteed as to interest and
principal by any U.S. or foreign government or government agencies or
instrumentality thereof (including repurchase agreements collateralized by such
securities); obligations of banks (certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances
and time deposits) which at the date of investment have capital, surplus, and
undivided profits (as of the date of their most recently published financial
statements) in excess of $100,000,000, and obligations of other banks or savings
and loan associations if such obligations are federally insured; commercial
paper which at the date of investment is rated A-1 by S&P or P-1 by Moody's or,
if not rated, is issued or guaranteed as to payment of principal and interest by
companies which at the date of investment have an outstanding debt issue rated
AA or better by S&P or Aa or better by Moody's; short-term corporate obligations
which at the date of investment are rated AA or better by S&P or Aa or better by
Moody's; and other debt instruments not specifically described if such
instruments are deemed by the Trustees to be of comparable high quality and
liquidity.
FLOATERS AND INVERSE FLOATERS
The Fund may, to the extent permitted by law, invest in floating rate debt
instruments ("floaters"). The interest rate on a floater is a variable rate
which is tied to another interest rate, such as a money-market index or Treasury
bill rate. The interest rate on a floater resets periodically, typically every
six months. While, because of the interest rate reset feature, floaters provide
the Fund with a certain degree of protection against rises in interest rates,
the Fund will participate in any declines in interest rates as well.
The Fund may, to the extent permitted by law, invest in leveraged inverse
floating rate debt instruments ("inverse floaters"). The interest rate on an
inverse floater resets in the opposite direction from the market rate of
interest to which the inverse floater is indexed. An inverse floater may be
considered to be leveraged to the extent that its interest rate varies by a
magnitude that exceeds the magnitude of the change in the index rate of
interest. The higher degree of leverage inherent in inverse floaters is
associated with greater volatility in their market values. Accordingly, the
duration of an inverse floater may exceed its stated final maturity. Certain
inverse floaters may be deemed to be illiquid securities for purposes of the
Fund's limitation on investments in such securities.
FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
The Fund may enter into a variety of foreign currency transactions, including
forward foreign currency exchange contracts in order to protect or hedge against
the adverse effect that changes in future foreign currency exchange rates may
have on its investment portfolio or on its investment activities that are
undertaken in foreign currencies.
The Fund cannot assure that these techniques will always be successful.
Successful use of forward contracts depends on the investment manager's skill in
analyzing and predicting relative currency values. Forward contracts alter the
Fund's exposure to currency exchange rate activity and could result in losses to
the Fund if currencies do not perform as investment managers anticipate. The
Fund may also incur significant costs when converting assets from one currency
to another. Contracts to sell foreign currency would limit any potential gain
which might be realized by the Fund if the value of the hedged currency
increases.
The Adviser believes active currency management can be employed as an overall
portfolio risk management tool. For example, in their view, foreign currency
management can provide overall portfolio risk diversification when combined with
a portfolio of foreign securities, and the market risks of investing in specific
foreign markets can at times be reduced by currency strategies which may not
involve the currency in which the foreign security is denominated.
FOREIGN INDEX-LINKED INSTRUMENTS
As part of its investment program, and to maintain greater flexibility, the Fund
may invest in instruments which have the investment characteristics of
particular securities, securities indexes, futures contracts or currencies. Such
instruments may take a variety of forms, such as debt instruments with interest
or principal payments determined by reference to the value of a currency or
commodity at a future point in time.
A foreign index may be based upon the exchange rate of a particular currency or
currencies or the differential between two currencies, or the level of interest
rates in a particular country or countries, or the differential in interest
rates between particular countries. The risks of such investments would reflect
the risks of investing in the index or other instrument, the performance of
which determines the return for the instrument. Tax considerations may limit the
Fund's ability to invest in foreign index-linked instruments.
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<PAGE>
FOREIGN SECURITIES
- -------------------------------------------
The Fund may purchase foreign securities which subjects the Fund to risks
different from investing in domestic securities. Investments in foreign
securities involve risks of currency controls by governments, changes in
currency rates and interest rates, difficulties in receiving or interpreting
financial and economic information, possible imposition of taxes, higher
brokerage and custodian fees, possible exchange controls or other government
restrictions, including possible seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits
or assets. In addition, foreign securities may be less liquid and more volatile
than U.S. securities. There may also be difficulty in invoking legal protections
across borders.
Investment in emerging market countries presents risks in greater degree than,
and in addition to, those presented by investment in foreign issuers in general.
Many of the foreign securities in which the Fund invests will be denominated in
foreign currencies. Changes in foreign exchange rates will affect the value of
securities denominated or quoted in foreign currencies. Exchange rate movements
can be large and can endure for extended periods of time, affecting either
favorably or unfavorably the value of the Fund's assets. The Fund may, however,
engage in foreign currency transactions to protect itself against fluctuations
in currency exchange rates in relation to the U.S. dollar. See page xx,
"Description of Investments and Investment Practices--Foreign Currency
Transactions." Although the Adviser will attempt to manage the risk associated
with currency exchange rates through foreign currency hedging, there is no
guarantee the hedging will be effective and currency risk cannot be eliminated
entirely.
FUTURES CONTRACTS AND
OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS
- -------------------------------------------
The Fund may enter into contracts for the future delivery of debt securities or
an index of debt securities that are sufficiently correlated to its portfolio,
in order to attempt to protect against the effects of adverse changes in
interest rates, to lengthen or shorten the average maturity or duration of the
Fund's portfolio and for other appropriate risk management purposes. Such
futures contracts would obligate the Fund to make or take delivery of certain
debt securities or an amount of cash upon expiration of the futures contract,
although most futures positions typically are closed out through an offsetting
transaction prior to expiration.
In the case of a futures contract on an index, the amount of cash is equal to a
specific dollar amount times the difference between the price at which the
agreement is made and the value of an index at the close of the last trading day
of the contract. No physical delivery of the underlying securities in the index
is made.
In addition, the Fund may enter into contracts for the future delivery of
foreign currencies to protect against changes in currency exchange rates for the
same type of hedging purposes.
The Fund may purchase put and call options on futures contracts, which give the
Fund the right to sell or purchase the underlying futures contract for a
specified price upon exercise at any time during the option period. The Fund
also may write put and call options on futures contracts. It is the current
policy of the Trust that the Fund will purchase or write only options on futures
contracts that are traded on a U.S. or foreign exchange or board of trade.
The Fund will use financial futures contracts and related options for "bona fide
hedging" purposes, as such term is defined in applicable regulations of the
Commodity Futures Trading Commission or, with respect to positions in financial
futures and related options that do not qualify as "bona fide hedging"
positions, will enter into such nonhedging positions only to the extent that
aggregate initial margin deposits plus premiums paid by it for open futures
options positions, less the amount by which any such positions are "in-the-
money," would not exceed 5% of the Fund's total assets. The Fund will not,
however, use futures contracts on securities, securities indexes or currencies
for speculation. The Fund may lose the expected benefit of the transactions if
interest rates, currency exchange rates or securities prices change in an
unanticipated manner. Such unanticipated changes in interest rates, currency
exchange rates or securities prices may also result in poorer overall
performance of the Fund than if the Fund had not entered into any futures
transactions.
There are several risks associated with the use of futures and options on
futures as hedging and risk management techniques. There may be an imperfect
correlation between changes in the prices of futures and changes in the prices
of securities or currencies which are the subject of the hedge. If the price of
a futures contract changes less than the price of the securities or currencies
which are the subject of the hedge, the hedge will not be fully effective.
In addition to the risks that apply to all options transactions, there are
several special risks relating to options on futures contracts. The ability to
establish and close out positions in such options will be subject to the
development and maintenance of a liquid market in the options. It is not certain
that such a market will develop. Although the Fund generally will purchase only
those options and futures contracts for which there appears to be an active
market, there is no assurance that a liquid market on an exchange will exist for
any particular option or futures contract at any particular time. In the event
no such market exists for particular options, it might not be possible to effect
closing transactions in such options with the result that the Fund would have to
exercise options it has purchased in order to realize any profit and would be
less able to limit its exposure to losses on options it has written.
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<PAGE>
LENDING OF PORTFOLIO SECURITIES
- -------------------------------------------
The Fund may also seek to increase its income by lending portfolio securities.
If the Adviser determines to make securities loans, it is intended that the
value of the securities loaned would not exceed 30% of the value of the total
assets of the Fund. (For more information, see the SAI.)
MORTGAGE-RELATED AND OTHER ASSET-BACKED
SECURITIES
- -------------------------------------------
The value of some mortgage-related or asset-backed securities in which the Fund
invests may be particularly sensitive to changes in prevailing interest rates,
and, like the other investments of the Fund, the ability of the Fund to
successfully utilize these instruments may depend in part upon the ability of an
investment adviser to forecast interest rates and other economic factors
correctly. When people prepay their mortgage loans, the Fund's return from
mortgage-related securities may be reduced. The rate of prepayments on
underlying mortgages will affect the price and volatility of a mortgage-related
security, and may have the effect of shortening or extending the effective
maturity of the security beyond what was anticipated at the time of purchase. To
the extent that unanticipated rates of prepayment on underlying mortgages
increase the effective maturity of a mortgage-related security, the volatility
of such security can be expected to increase. While principal and interest
payments on some mortgage-related securities may be guaranteed by the U.S.
government, government agencies or other guarantors, the market value of such
securities is not guaranteed.
Mortgage Pass-Through Securities
Mortgage pass-through securities are securities representing interest in "pools"
of mortgages in which payments of both interest and principal on the securities
are made monthly, in effect "passing through" monthly payments made by the
individual borrowers on the residential mortgage loans which underlie the
securities (net of fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of the securities).
Collateralized Mortgage Obligations ("CMOs") and Real Estate Mortgage Investment
Conduits ("REMICs")
CMOs are hybrid instruments with characteristics of both mortgage-backed bonds
and mortgage pass-through securities. Similar to a bond, interest and pre-paid
principal on a CMO are paid, in most cases, semiannually. CMOs may be
collateralized by whole mortgage loans but are more typically collateralized by
portfolios of mortgage pass-through securities guaranteed by Government National
Mortgage Association ("GNMA"), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC")
or Federal National Mortgage Association ("FNMA"). CMOs are structured into
multiple classes, with each class bearing a different stated maturity. Monthly
payments of principal, including prepayments, are first returned to investors
holding the shortest maturity class; investors holding the longer maturity
classes receive principal only after the first class has been retired. REMICs
are similar to CMOs and are fixed pools of mortgages with multiple classes of
interests held by investors. The cash flow generated by the mortgage assets
underlying a series of CMOs is applied first to make required payments of
principal and interest on the CMOs and second to pay the related administrative
expenses of the issuer. The residual interest in a CMO structure generally
represents the interest in any excess cash flow remaining after making the
foregoing payments. The Fund limits its investment in CMO residuals to less than
5% of its net assets.
Other Mortgage-Related Securities
The Fund's investment adviser expects that governmental, government-related or
private entities may create mortgage loan pools and other mortgage-related
securities offering mortgage pass-through and mortgage-collateralized
investments in addition to those described above. As new types of mortgage-
related securities are developed and offered to investors, the Fund's Adviser
will, consistent with the Fund's investment objective, policies and quality
standards, consider making investments in such new types of mortgage-related
securities.
Other Asset-Backed Securities
Other asset-backed securities (unrelated to mortgage loans) have been offered to
investors, such as "CARssm" ("Certificates for Automobile Receivablessm").
CARssm represent undivided fractional interests in a trust whose assets consist
of a pool of motor vehicle retail installment sales contracts and security
interests in the vehicles securing the contracts. Payments of principal and
interest on CARssm are "passed-through" monthly to certificate holders, and are
guaranteed up to certain amounts and for a certain time period by a letter of
credit issued by a financial institution unaffiliated with the trustee or
originator of the trust. Underlying sales contracts are subject to prepayment,
which may reduce the overall return to certificate holders. If the letter of
credit is exhausted, certificate holders may also experience delays in payment
or losses on CARssm, if the full amounts due on underlying sales contracts are
not realized by the trust because of unanticipated legal or administrative costs
of enforcing the contracts, or because of depreciation, damage or loss of the
vehicles securing the contracts, or other factors. The Fund may invest in CARssm
and in other asset-backed securities that may be developed in the future.
The Fund will invest only in mortgage-related (or other asset-backed) securities
either (i) issued by U.S. government-sponsored corporations (currently GNMA,
FHLMC and FNMA), or (ii) privately issued securities rated Baa or better by
Moody's or BBB by S&P or, if not rated, of comparable investment quality as
determined by the Fund's investment adviser. In addition, if any such security
is determined to be
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<PAGE>
illiquid, the Fund will limit its investments in these and other illiquid
instruments to not more than 15% of its net assets.
OPTIONS ON FOREIGN CURRENCIES
The Fund may, to the extent it invests in foreign securities, purchase and write
put and call options on foreign currencies for the purpose of protecting against
declines in the dollar value of foreign portfolio securities and against
increases in the U.S. dollar cost of foreign securities to be acquired. As with
other kinds of options transactions, however, the writing of an option on
foreign currency will constitute only a partial hedge up to the amount of the
premium received and the Fund could be required to purchase or sell foreign
currencies at disadvantageous exchange rates, thereby incurring losses. The
purchase of an option on foreign currency may constitute an effective hedge
against exchange rate fluctuations, although, in the event of rate movements
adverse to the Fund's position, the Fund may forfeit the entire amount of the
premium plus related transaction costs. Options on foreign currencies to be
written or purchased by the Fund will be traded on U.S. and foreign exchanges or
over-the-counter.
The Fund also may use foreign currency options to protect against potential
losses in positions denominated in one foreign currency against another foreign
currency in which the Fund's assets are or may be denominated. There can be no
assurance that a liquid market will exist when the Fund seeks to close out an
option position. Furthermore, if trading restrictions or suspensions are imposed
on the options markets, the Fund may be unable to close out a position.
Currency options traded on U.S. or other exchanges may be subject to position
limits which may limit the ability of a Fund to reduce foreign currency risk
using such options. Over-the-counter options differ from traded options in that
they are two-party contracts with price and other terms negotiated between buyer
and seller and generally do not have as much market liquidity as exchange-traded
options. Foreign currency exchange-traded options generally settle in cash,
whereas options traded over-the-counter may settle in cash or result in delivery
of the underlying currency upon exercise of the option.
OPTIONS ON SECURITIES AND INDEXES
The Fund may sell (write) covered put and call options and purchase put and call
options on any securities in which it may invest that are traded on U.S. and
foreign securities and options exchanges and in the over-the-counter market, in
accordance with its investment objectives and policies.
Call options sold by the Fund are agreements by the Fund, for a premium received
by the Fund, to sell a particular security in its portfolio at a specified price
if the option is exercised during the option period. Put options sold by the
Fund are agreements by the Fund, for a premium received by the Fund, to purchase
specified securities at a specified price if the option is exercised during the
option period. The Fund's purpose in selling covered options is to realize
greater income than would be realized on portfolio securities transactions
alone. The Fund may forego the benefits of appreciation on securities sold
pursuant to call options, or pay a higher price for securities acquired pursuant
to put options written by the Fund.
The Fund would ordinarily realize a gain if the value of the securities
increased during the option period above the exercise price sufficiently to
cover the premium. The Fund would have a loss if the value of the securities
remained below the sum of the premium paid and the exercise price during the
option period.
The Fund may purchase put and call options on securities indexes to hedge
against risks of market-wide price fluctuations. Options on securities indexes
are similar to options on securities except that settlement is in cash. An
option on an index is a contract that gives the purchaser of the option, in
return for a premium paid, the right to receive from the writer of the option
cash equal to the difference between the exercise price of the option and the
closing price of an index, expressed in dollars, times the specified multiple
(the "multiplier").
Prior to exercise or expiration, an option may be closed out by an offsetting
purchase or sale of an option on the same series. The Fund may sell call options
it has previously purchased, which could result in a net gain or loss, depending
on whether the amount realized on the sale is more or less than the premium and
other transaction costs paid on the call option which is sold.
The purchase and writing of options involves certain risks. The ability of the
Fund to successfully utilize these instruments may depend in part upon the
ability of the Adviser to forecast interest rates and other economic factors
correctly.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
The Fund may enter into domestic and foreign repurchase agreements to earn
income. A repurchase agreement is an agreement whereby the Fund purchases
securities and the seller agrees to repurchase the securities within a
particular time at a specified price. Such price will exceed the original
purchase price, the difference being income to the Fund, and will be unrelated
to any interest rate on the purchased security.
The Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements. A reverse repurchase
agreement involves the sale of a security by the Fund and its agreement to
repurchase the instrument at a specified time and price.
The Trustees have reviewed and approved certain sellers who they believe to be
creditworthy and have authorized the Fund to enter into repurchase agreements
with such sellers. If the
27
<PAGE>
other party to a repurchase agreement were to become bankrupt, the Fund could
experience delays in recovering its investment or losses.
SHORT SALES AGAINST THE BOX
- -------------------------------------------
A short sale is a transaction in which the Fund sells through a broker a
security it does not own in anticipation of a possible decline in market price.
A short sale "against the box" is a short sale in which, at the time of the
short sale, the Fund owns or has the right to obtain securities equivalent in
kind and amount. The Fund will only enter into short sales against the box. The
Fund may enter into a short sale against the box, among other reasons, to hedge
against a possible market decline in the value of the security owned or to defer
recognition of a gain or loss for federal income tax purposes on the security
owned by the Fund. If the value of a security sold short against the box
increases, the Fund would suffer a loss when it purchases or delivers to the
selling broker the security sold short. If a broker, with which the Fund has
open short sales, were to become bankrupt, the Fund could experience losses or
delays in recovering gains on short sales. The Fund will only enter into short
sales against the box with brokers the Adviser believes are creditworthy. Short
sales against the box will be limited to no more than 25% of the Fund's net
assets.
SWAP AGREEMENTS
- -------------------------------------------
The Fund may enter into interest rate, index and currency exchange rate swap
agreements for purposes of attempting to obtain a particular desired return at a
lower cost to the Fund than if the Fund had invested directly in an instrument
that yielded that desired return.
Whether the Fund's use of swap agreements will be successful in furthering its
investment objective will depend on the Adviser's ability to predict correctly
whether certain types of investments are likely to produce greater returns than
other investments. Because they are two-party contracts and because they may
have terms of greater than seven days, swap agreements may be considered to be
illiquid. Moreover, the Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be
received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a
swap agreement counterparty. The Adviser will cause the Fund to enter into swap
agreements only with counterparties that would be eligible for consideration as
repurchase agreement counterparties under the Fund's repurchase agreement
guidelines. Certain restrictions imposed on the Fund by the Internal Revenue
Code may limit the Fund's ability to use swap agreements. The swaps market is a
relatively new market and is largely unregulated. It is possible that
developments in the swaps market and the laws relating to swaps, including
potential government regulation, could adversely affect the Fund's ability to
terminate existing swap agreements, to realize amounts to be received under such
agreements, or to enter into swap agreements. Furthermore, swap agreements could
have adverse tax consequences. See "Tax Status" in the SAI for information
regarding the tax considerations relating to swap agreements.
WHEN-ISSUED SECURITIES AND FORWARD COMMITMENTS
- ----------------------------------------------
The Fund may from time to time purchase securities on a when-issued basis. Debt
securities are often issued on this basis. The price of such securities is fixed
at the time a commitment to purchase is made, but delivery and payment for the
when-issued securities take place at a later date. During the period between
purchase and settlement, no payment is made by the Fund and no interest accrues
to the Fund. The market value of the when-issued securities on the settlement
date may be more or less than the purchase price payable at settlement date.
Similarly, the Fund may commit to purchase a security at a future date at a
price determined at the time of the commitment. The same procedures for when-
issued securities will be followed.
ZERO COUPON BONDS
- -------------------------------------------
The Fund may purchase zero coupon bonds, which are debt obligations issued
without any requirement for the periodic payment of interest. Zero coupon bonds
are issued at a significant discount from face value. Because interest on zero
coupon bonds is not distributed on a current basis but is, in effect,
compounded, zero coupon bonds tend to be subject to greater market risk than
interest paying securities of similar maturities. The discount represents
income, a portion of which the Fund must accrue and distribute every year even
though the Fund receives no payment on the investment in that year. Zero coupon
bonds tend to be more volatile than conventional debt securities.
RISKS OF INVESTING IN HIGH YIELD SECURITIES
("JUNK BONDS")
- -------------------------------------------
The Fund may, as previously described under "Description of the Fund" and
"General Investment Considerations," invest in debt securities rated lower than
Baa by Moody's or BBB by S&P. Securities rated lower than Baa by Moody's or BBB
by S&P, or, if not rated, deemed to be of equivalent quality by the Adviser, are
sometimes referred to as junk bonds and are considered speculative.
Investment in high yield bonds involves special risks in addition to the risks
associated with investments in higher rated debt securities. High yield bonds
may be regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer's
continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments. Analysis of the
creditworthiness of issuers of high yield bonds may be more complex than for
issuers of higher quality debt securities, and the ability of the Fund to
achieve its investment objective may, to the extent of its investment in high
yield
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<PAGE>
bonds, be more dependent upon such creditworthiness analysis than would be the
case if the Fund were investing in higher quality bonds.
High yield bonds may be more susceptible to real or perceived adverse economic
and competitive industry conditions than higher grade bonds. The prices of high
yield bonds have been found to be less sensitive to interest rate changes than
more highly rated investments, but more sensitive to adverse economic downturns
or individual corporate developments. If the issuer of high yield bonds
defaults, the Fund may incur additional expenses to seek recovery. In the case
of high yield bonds structured as zero coupon or payment-in-kind securities, the
market prices of such securities are affected to a greater extent by interest
rate changes and, therefore, tend to be more volatile than securities which pay
interest periodically and in cash.
The secondary market on which high yield bonds are traded may be less liquid
than the market for higher grade bonds. Less liquidity in the secondary trading
market could adversely affect the price at which the Fund could sell a high
yield bond, and could adversely affect and cause large fluctuations in the daily
NAV of the Fund's shares. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether or
not based on fundamental analysis, may decrease the values and liquidity of high
yield bonds, especially in a thinly traded market.
The use of credit ratings for evaluating high yield bonds also involves certain
risks. For example, credit ratings evaluate the safety of principal and interest
payments, not the market value risk of high yield bonds. Also, credit rating
agencies may fail to change credit ratings in a timely manner to reflect
subsequent events. If a credit rating agency changes the rating of a portfolio
security held by the Fund, the Fund may retain the portfolio security if the
Adviser deems it in the best interest of the shareholders.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
- -------------------------------------------
The following restrictions may not be changed with respect to the Fund without
the approval of the majority of outstanding voting securities of the Fund
(which, under the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder and as used in this
Prospectus and the SAI, means the lesser of (1) 67% of the shares of the Fund
present at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares
of the Fund are present in person or by proxy, or (2) more than 50% of the
outstanding shares of the Fund). Investment restrictions that appear below or
elsewhere in this Prospectus which involve a maximum percentage of securities or
assets shall not be considered to be violated unless an excess over the
percentage occurs immediately after, and is caused by, an acquisition or
encumbrance of securities or assets of, or borrowings by or on behalf of, the
Fund.
The Trust may not, on behalf of the Fund:
(1) invest more than 5% of the value of the total assets of the Fund in the
securities of any one issuer, except U.S. government securities. This
restriction applies only with respect to 75% of the Fund's total assets;
(2) purchase the securities of any issuer if such purchase would cause more than
10% of the voting securities of such issuer to be held by the Fund. This
restriction applies only with respect to 75% of the Fund's total assets;
(3) borrow money except from banks on a temporary basis for extraordinary or
emergency purposes, including the meeting of redemption requests or by
engaging in reverse repurchase agreements or comparable portfolio
transactions provided that the Fund maintain asset coverage of at least
300% for all such borrowings, and no purchases of securities will be made
while such borrowings exceed 5% of the value of the Fund's assets;
(4) purchase securities if such purchase would cause more than 25% in the
aggregate of the market value of the total assets of a Fund to be invested
in the securities of one or more issuers having their principal business
activities in the same industry, provided that there is no limitation in
respect to investments in U.S. government securities (for the purposes of
this restriction, telephone companies are considered to be a separate
industry from gas or electric utilities, and wholly owned finance companies
are considered to be in the industry of their parents if their activities
are primarily related to financing the activities of the parents) except
that up to 40% of the Fund's total assets, taken at market value, may be
invested in each of the electric utility and telephone industries, but it
will not invest more than 25% in either of those industries unless yields
available for four consecutive weeks in the four highest rating categories
on new issue bonds in such industry (issue size of $50 million or more) have
averaged in excess of 105% of yields of new issue long-term industrial bonds
similarly rated (issue size of $50 million or more) and at such time that
the 1940 Act is amended to permit a registered investment company to elect
to be "industry nondiversified," the Fund elects to be so classified and the
foregoing limitation shall no longer apply;
(5) purchase or sell real estate (excluding securities secured by real estate or
interests therein or, issued by companies that invest in or deal in real
estate) commodities and commodity contracts. The Trust reserves the freedom
of action to hold and to sell real estate acquired for the Fund as a result
of the ownership of securities. Purchases and sales of foreign currencies on
a spot basis and forward foreign currency exchange contracts, options on
currency, currency futures contracts and options on such futures contracts
are not deemed to be an investment in a prohibited commodity or commodity
contract for the purpose of this restriction; or
(6) make loans to other persons, except loans of portfolio securities. The
purchase of debt obligations and the entry
29
<PAGE>
into repurchase agreements in accordance with the Fund's investment
objectives and policies are not deemed to be loans for this purpose.
"Value" for the purposes of all investment restrictions shall mean the value
used in determining the Fund's NAV. Additional fundamental and nonfundamental
investment restrictions may be found in the SAI.
INVESTMENT ADVISER, ADMINISTRATOR
AND DISTRIBUTOR
- -------------------------------------------
THE ADVISER
The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, pays the Adviser a monthly fee for services
performed at the annual rate of ___% of the average daily net assets of the
Fund.
THE ADMINISTRATOR
The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, pays the Administrator a monthly fee for the
services performed and the facilities furnished by the Administrator, pursuant
to the Administration Agreement, at the annual rate of ___% of the average daily
net assets of the Fund.
The Fund pursuant to an Accounting Agreement with the Administrator will bear an
allocable portion of the Administrator's cost of performing certain bookkeeping
and pricing services. The Fund pays the Administrator a monthly fee for services
provided under the Accounting Agreement at the annual rate of 1/20 of 1% for the
first $20 million of average monthly net assets, 1/30 of 1% of the next $80
million of average monthly net assets and 1/100 of 1% of any amount in excess of
$100 million of average monthly net assets. In addition, the Fund pays the
Administrator amounts intended to reimburse it for costs incurred for account
maintenance, correspondence and in providing account set-up services. Finally,
the Administrator provides the Fund with certain recordkeeping and
administrative services pursuant to a Services Agreement with the Fund.
The Administrator is not responsible for records maintained by the Fund's
Custodian and Transfer, Dividend Disbursing and Shareholder Servicing Agent,
except those as to which the Administrator has supervisory functions, and other
than those being maintained by the Adviser.
THE DISTRIBUTOR
To compensate the Distributor for the services it provides and for the expenses
it bears in distributing shares and servicing shareholders of the Fund, the Fund
has adopted separate distribution plans pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940
Act for each class of shares (the "Class A Plan," the "Class B Plan" and,
collectively, the "Plans"). Pursuant to the Class A Plan, the Fund pays the
Distributor a monthly fee, which is an expense of the Class A shares of the Fund
charged against its income, at the annual rate of 0.25% of the average daily net
assets of the Fund's Class A shares for distribution or service activities, as
designated by the Distributor. Pursuant to the Class B Plan, the Fund pays the
Distributor a monthly distribution fee, which is an expense of the Class B
shares of the Fund, at the annual rate of 0.75% of the lesser of:
(a) the aggregate gross sales of the Fund's Class B shares since the inception
of the Fund (not including reinvestments of dividends or capital gains
distributions), less the aggregate net asset value of the Fund's Class B
shares exchanged or redeemed since the Fund's inception upon which a
contingent deferred sales charge has been imposed or upon which such charge
has been waived; or
(b) the average daily net assets of the Fund's Class B shares.
Class B shares of the Fund pay to the Distributor, in addition to the
distribution fee, a service fee at the rate of 0.25% on an annualized basis of
the average daily net asset value of the Class B shares of the Fund as
compensation for personal continuing services rendered to Class B shareholders
of the Fund and the maintenance of shareholder accounts.
The combination of the contingent deferred sales charge and the distribution fee
contributes to the Fund's ability to sell Class B shares without a sales charge
being deducted at the time of purchase. The Distributor is entitled to receive
the proceeds of contingent deferred sales charges which may be imposed at the
time of redemptions or repurchases of shares. The receipt of contingent deferred
sales charges does not reduce the distribution fee. See page xx, "Alternative
Sales Arrangements--Deferred Sales Charge Class B Shares--Contingent Deferred
Sales Charge, Class B."
Under a Plan, a class of shares of the Fund pays distribution and/or service
fees to the Distributor as compensation for distribution and/or service
activities related to that class of shares and its shareholders. Each Plan
provides that the distribution and/or service fees are payable to the
Distributor regardless of the amounts actually expended by the Distributor.
Authorized distribution expenses include the Distributor's interest expense and
profit. The Distributor anticipates that its actual expenditures will
substantially exceed the distribution fee received by it during the early years
of the operation of a Plan. For example, the Distributor will advance to dealers
who sell Class B shares of the Funds an amount equal to 4% of the aggregate net
asset value of the shares sold. In addition, the Distributor will pay dealers an
ongoing annual service fee equal to 0.25% of the aggregate net asset value of
shares held by investors serviced by the dealer. In later years, its
expenditures may be less than the distribution fee, thus enabling the
Distributor to realize a profit in those years. If the Plans for the Fund are
terminated,
30
<PAGE>
the Fund will owe no payments to the Distributor other than any portion of the
distribution fee accrued through the effective date of termination but then
unpaid.
Plan revenues may be used to reimburse third parties which provide various
services to shareholders who are participants in various retirement plans. These
services include aggregating and processing purchase and redemption orders for
participant shareholders, processing dividend payments, forwarding shareholder
communications, and recordkeeping.
Persons selling or servicing different classes of shares of the Fund may receive
different compensation with respect to one particular class of shares as opposed
to another.
HOW TO PURCHASE SHARES OF THE FUND
- -------------------------------------------
GENERAL INFORMATION
The two classes of shares each represent an interest in the same portfolio of
investments of the Fund, have the same rights and are identical in all respects,
except that, to the extent applicable, each class bears its own service and
distribution expenses and may bear incremental transfer agency costs resulting
from such sales arrangement. Each class of the Fund has exclusive voting rights
with respect to provisions of the Rule 12b-1 plan for such class pursuant to
which its distribution and service fees are paid, and each class has similar
exchange privileges. The net income attributable to Class B shares and the
dividends payable on Class B shares will be reduced by the amount of the higher
Rule 12b-1 fee and incremental expenses associated with such class. Likewise,
the NAV of the Class B shares will be generally reduced by such class specific
expenses (to the extent the Fund has undistributed net income) and investment
performance of Class B shares will be less competitive than that of Class A
shares. For additional information on the features of Class A and Class B
shares, see "Alternative Sales Arrangements," page xx.
Shares of the Fund may be sold through broker-dealers not affiliated with the
Distributor. Some of those broker-dealers are not participants in the National
Securities Clearing Corporation Fund/SERV clearing system ("Fund/SERV"). Orders
placed through nonaffiliated broker-dealers who are not participants in
Fund/SERV will be effective when received in good order by the Fund's Transfer
Agent, Boston Financial Data Services ("BFDS"), in Boston, Massachusetts.
BY MAIL
Initial purchases of shares of the Fund should be made by mailing the completed
application form to the investor's registered representative. Shares of the Fund
may be purchased at the NAV per share next determined after receipt and
acceptance of the purchase order by the Fund plus any applicable sales charge.
BY TELEPHONE
An investor may make an initial investment by having his or her registered
representative telephone the Distributor between 9:00 AM and 4:00 PM , Eastern
time, on any day the New York Stock Exchange is open. The purchase will be
effected at the NAV per share plus any applicable sales charge next determined
following receipt of the telephone order as described above. An application and
payment must be received and accepted by the Distributor within three business
days. All telephone calls are recorded to protect shareholders and the
Shareholder Servicing Agent. For a description of certain limitations on the
liability of the Fund and the Shareholder Servicing Agent for transactions
effected by telephone, see page xx, "Know How to Sell and Exchange Shares."
BY WIRE
An investor may open an account and invest by wire by having his or her
registered representative telephone the Distributor between 9:00 AM and 4:00 PM,
Eastern time, to obtain an account number and instructions. For both initial and
subsequent investments, federal funds should be wired to:
State Street Bank and Trust Company
225 Franklin Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
ABA No.: 011 0000 28
Attn.: Custody and Shareholder Services
For Credit: MainStay Strategic Income Fund--
Class______
Shareholder Account No.____________________________
Shareholder Registration ____________________________
An application must be received by the Distributor within three business days.
The investor's bank may charge the investor a fee for the wire.
To make a purchase effective the same day, the registered representative must
call the Distributor by 12:00 noon, Eastern time, and federal funds must be
received by the Shareholder Servicing Agent before 4:00 PM, Eastern time.
Wiring money to the Fund will reduce the time a shareholder must wait before
redeeming or exchanging shares because, when a shareholder purchases by check,
the Fund will reject redemption requests until the Fund is reasonably satisfied
that the funds have been collected (which can take up to 10 calendar days).
ADDITIONAL INVESTMENTS
Additional investments in the Fund may be made at any time by mailing a check
payable to the Fund directly to The MainStay Funds, P.O. Box 8401, Boston,
Massachusetts 02266-8401. The shareholder's account number and the name of the
Fund and class of shares must be included with each
31
<PAGE>
investment. Purchases will be effected at the NAV per share plus any applicable
sales charge as described above.
SYSTEMATIC INVESTMENT PLANS
The Trust's officers may waive the initial and subsequent investment minimums
for certain purchases when they deem it appropriate, including, but not limited
to, purchases by certain qualified retirement plans, New York Life employee and
agent investment plans, investments resulting from distributions by other New
York Life products and NYLIFE Distributors products, and purchases by certain
individual participants.
Investors whose bank is a member of the Automated Clearing House ("ACH") may
purchase shares of the Fund through AutoInvest. AutoInvest facilitates
investments by using electronic debits, authorized by the shareholder, to a
checking or savings account, for share purchases. When the authorization is
accepted (usually within two weeks of receipt) a shareholder may purchase shares
by calling BFDS, the Shareholder Servicing Agent, toll free at 1-800-462-6789
(between 8:00 AM and 4:00 PM, Eastern time). The investment will be effected at
the NAV per share, next determined after receipt and acceptance of the order
plus any applicable sales charge, and normally will be credited to the
shareholder's Fund account within two business days thereafter. Shareholders
whose bank is an ACH member also may use AutoInvest to automatically purchase
shares of the Fund on a scheduled basis by electronic debit for an account
designated by the shareholder on an application form. The initial investment
must be in accordance with the investment amounts previously mentioned.
Subsequent minimum investments are $50 monthly, $100 quarterly, $250
semiannually, or $500 annually. The investment day may be any day from the first
through the twenty-eighth of the respective month. Fund shares purchased by
AutoInvest are not redeemable until 10 days or more after the purchase date.
Fund shares may not be redeemed by AutoInvest.
OTHER INFORMATION
Investors may, subject to the approval of the Trust, the Distributor and the
Adviser, purchase shares of the Fund with liquid securities that are eligible
for purchase by the Fund and that have a value that is readily ascertainable.
These transactions will be effected only if the Adviser intends to retain the
security in the Fund as an investment. The Trust reserves the right to amend or
terminate this practice at any time. An investor must call MainStay at 1-800-
462-6789 before sending any securities.
An investor in certain qualified retirement plans may open an account with a
minimum investment of a lesser amount when permitted under such qualified
retirement plan. The Trust and the Distributor reserve the right to redeem
shares of any shareholder who has failed to provide the Trust with a certified
Taxpayer I.D. Number or such other tax-related certifications as the Trust may
require. A notice of redemption, sent by first class mail to the shareholder's
address of record, will fix a date not less than 30 days after the mailing date,
and shares will be redeemed at the NAV determined as of the close of business on
that date unless a certified Taxpayer I.D. Number (or such other information as
the Trust has requested) has been provided.
ALTERNATIVE SALES ARRANGEMENTS
- -------------------------------------------
INITIAL SALES CHARGE ALTERNATIVE: CLASS A SHARES
The sales charge on Class A shares of the Fund is a variable percentage of the
public offering price depending upon the amount of the sale.
The sales charge applicable to an investment in Class A shares of the Fund will
be determined according to the following table:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Sales Charge as
Sales Charge as a Percentage of
a Percentage of: Offering Price:
---------------- ---------------
Net Retained
Amount of Offering Amount Retained by the
Purchase Price Invested by Dealer Distributor
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Less than $100,000 4.50% 4.71% 4.00% 0.50%
$100,000 to $249,999 3.50% 3.63% 3.00% 0.50%
$250,000 to $499,999 2.50% 2.56% 2.00% 0.50%
$500,000 to $999,999 2.00% 2.04% 1.75% 0.25%
$1,000,000 or more* None None See Below* None
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
* No sales charge applies on investments of $1 million or more, but a contingent
deferred sales charge of 1% is imposed on certain redemptions of such shares
within one year of the date of purchase. See "Reduced Sales Charges on Class A
Shares--Contingent Deferred Sales Charge, Class A."
Although an investor will not pay an initial sales charge on investments of
$1,000,000 or more, the Distributor will pay, from its own resources, a
commission to dealers on such investments. The dealer will receive a commission
of 1.00% on the portion of a sale from $1,000,000 to $2,999,999, 0.50% of any
portion from $3,000,000 to $4,999,999 and 0.40% on any portion of $5,000,000 or
more.
The Distributor may allow the full sales charge to be retained by dealers. The
amount retained may be changed from time to time but will remain the same for
all dealers. The Distributor, at its expense, also may from time to time provide
additional promotional incentives to dealers. A selected dealer who receives a
reallowance in excess of 90% of such a sales charge may be deemed to be an
"underwriter" under the 1933 Act.
32
<PAGE>
PURCHASES AT NAV
The Fund's Class A shares may be purchased at NAV, without payment of any sales
charge, by its Trustees, New York Life and its subsidiaries and their employees,
officers, directors or agents (and immediate family members). Also, any employee
or registered representative of an authorized broker-dealer may purchase the
Fund's shares at NAV without payment of any sales charge. In addition, the Trust
will treat Class A share purchases of the Fund in an amount less than $1,000,000
by defined contribution plans that are sponsored by employers with 250 or more
employees as if such purchases were equal to an amount more than $1,000,000 but
less than $2,999,999.
In addition, Class A shares of the Fund may be purchased at net asset value
through broker-dealers, investment advisers and other financial institutions
which have entered into a supplemental agreement with the Distributor, which
includes a requirement that such shares be sold for the benefit of clients
participating in a "wrap account" or similar program under which clients pay a
fee to the broker-dealer, investment adviser or other financial institution.
REDUCED SALES CHARGES ON CLASS A SHARES
The sales charge varies with the size of the purchase and reduced charges apply
to the aggregate of purchases of the Fund made at one time by any "Qualified
Purchaser," which term includes (i) an individual and his/her spouse and their
children under the age of 21; and (ii) any other organized group of persons,
whether incorporated or not, which is itself a shareholder of the Fund,
including group retirement and benefit plans (other than IRAs and 403(b) plans)
whether incorporated or not, provided the organization has been in existence for
at least six months and has some purpose other than the purchase at a discount
of redeemable securities of a registered investment company. The circumstances
under which "Qualified Purchasers" and other investors in the Fund may pay
reduced sales charges are described on page xx, "Consider Reducing Your Sales
Charge."
Letter of Intent
The LOI is a nonbinding obligation on the Qualified Purchaser to purchase the
full amount indicated in the LOI. For more information, see the SAI or call your
registered representative or MainStay at 1-800-462-6789.
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge, Class A
In order to recover commissions paid to dealers on qualified investments of $1
million or more, a contingent deferred sales charge of 1% will be imposed on
redemptions of such investments made within one year of the date of purchase.
The contingent deferred sales charge will be waived for redemptions from
qualified pension and profit sharing plans.
Class A shares that are redeemed will not be subject to a contingent deferred
sales charge, however, to the extent that the value of such shares represents:
(1) capital appreciation of Fund assets; (2) reinvestment of dividends or
capital gains distributions; or (3) Class A shares redeemed more than one year
after their purchase. Class A shares of the Fund that are purchased without a
front-end sales charge may be exchanged for Class A shares of another Fund
without the imposition of a contingent deferred sales charge, although, upon
redemption, contingent deferred sales charges may apply to the Class A shares
that were acquired through an exchange.
The contingent deferred sales charge will be applicable to amounts invested
pursuant to a right of accumulation or an LOI to the extent that (a) a front-end
sales charge was not paid at the time of the purchase and (b) any shares so
purchased are redeemed within one year of the date of purchase.
For federal income tax purposes, the amount of the contingent deferred sales
charge generally will reduce the gain or increase the loss, as the case may be,
recognized upon redemption.
DEFERRED SALES CHARGE CLASS B SHARES
Proceeds from the contingent deferred sales charge are paid to, and are used in
whole or in part by, the Distributor to defray its expenses related to providing
distribution related services to the Fund in connection with the sale of the
Class B shares, such as the payment of compensation to selected dealers and
agents. The combination of the contingent deferred sales charge and the
distribution fee facilitates the ability of the Fund to sell the Class B shares
without a sales charge being deducted at the time of purchase.
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge, Class B
A contingent deferred sales charge will be imposed on redemptions of Class B
shares of the Fund, in accordance with the table below, at the time of any
redemption by a shareholder which reduces the current value of the shareholder's
Class B account in the Fund to an amount which is lower than the amount of all
payments by the shareholder for the purchase of Class B shares in the Fund
during the preceding six years. However, no such charge will be imposed to the
extent that the net asset value of the Class B shares redeemed does not exceed
(a) the current aggregate net asset value of Class B shares of the Fund
purchased more than six years prior to the redemption, plus (b) the current
aggregate net asset value of Class B shares of the Fund purchased through
reinvestment of dividends or distributions, plus (c) increases in the net asset
value of the investor's Class B shares of the Fund above the total amount of
payments for the purchase of Class B shares of the Fund made during the
preceding six years. The amount of any contingent deferred sales charge will be
paid to and retained by the Distributor.
The amount of the contingent deferred sales charge, if any, will vary depending
on the number of years from the time of payment for the purchase of Class B
shares of the Fund until the time of redemption of such shares. Solely for
purposes of determining the number of years from the time of payment for the
purchase
33
<PAGE>
of shares, all payments during a month will be aggregated and deemed to have
been made on the last day of the month.
The following table sets forth the rates of the contingent deferred sales
charge:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Contingent Deferred Sales
Charge as a Percentage
Year Since Purchase of Amount Redeemed
Payment Made Subject to the Charge
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
First................................................. 5.0%
Second................................................ 4.0%
Third................................................. 3.0%
Fourth................................................ 2.0%
Fifth................................................. 2.0%
Sixth................................................. 1.0%
Thereafter............................................ None
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
In determining the rate of any applicable contingent deferred sales charge, it
will be assumed that a redemption is made of shares held by the shareholder for
the longest period of time. This will result in any such charge being imposed at
the lowest possible rate. For federal income tax purposes, the amount of the
contingent deferred sales charge generally will reduce the gain or increase the
loss, as the case may be, recognized on the redemption or repurchase of shares.
The contingent deferred sales charge will be waived in connection with the
following redemptions: (i) withdrawals from IRS qualified and nonqualified
retirement plans, individual retirement accounts, tax sheltered accounts, and
deferred compensation plans, where such withdrawals are permitted under the
terms of the plan or account (e.g., attainment of age 59 1/2, separation from
service, death, disability, loans, hardships, withdrawals of excess
contributions pursuant to applicable IRS rules, withdrawals based on life
expectancy under applicable IRS rules); (ii) withdrawals related to the
termination of a retirement plan where no successor plan has been established;
(iii) preretirement transfers or rollovers within a retirement plan where the
proceeds of the redemption are invested in proprietary products offered or
distributed by New York Life or its affiliates; (iv) required distributions by
charitable trusts under Section 664 of the Code; (v) living revocable trusts on
the death of the beneficiary; (vi) redemptions made within one year following
the death or disability of a shareholder; (vii) continuing, periodic withdrawals
under the Systematic Withdrawal Plan used to pay monthly premiums to New York
Life or an affiliate of New York Life; (viii) continuing, periodic withdrawals,
under the Systematic Withdrawal Plan, up to an annual total of 10% of the value
of a shareholder's Class B share account in the Fund; (ix) redemptions by New
York Life or an affiliate of New York Life; (x) redemptions by directors,
Trustees, officers and employees (and immediate family members) of the Trust and
of New York Life and its affiliates where no commissions have been paid; (xi)
redemptions by employees of any dealer which has a soliciting dealer agreement
with the Distributor, and by any trust, pension, profit-sharing or benefit plan
for the benefit of such persons where no commissions have been paid; (xii)
redemptions by separate accounts or advisory accounts managed by New York Life
or an affiliated company; (xiii) redemptions by tax-exempt employee benefit
plans resulting from the adoption or promulgation of any law or regulation;
(xiv) redemptions effected by registered investment companies by virtue of
transactions with the Fund; (xv) redemptions by any state, county or city, or
any instrumentality, department, authority or agency thereof and by trust
companies and bank trust departments; (xvi) involuntary redemptions of an
account with a net asset value of $250 or less; and (xvii) transfers to (a)
other funding vehicles sponsored or distributed by New York Life or an
affiliated company, or (b) guaranteed investment contracts, regardless of the
sponsor, within a retirement plan. The contingent deferred sales charge is
waived on such sales or redemptions to promote goodwill and because the sales
effort, if any, involved in making such sales is negligible. Shareholders should
notify the Fund's Transfer Agent at the time of requesting such redemptions that
they are eligible for a waiver of the contingent deferred sales charge. Class B
shares upon which the contingent deferred sales charge may be waived may not be
resold, except to the Trust. Shareholders who are making withdrawals from
retirement plans and accounts or other tax-sheltered or tax-deferred accounts
should consult their tax advisers regarding the tax consequences of such
withdrawals.
REDEMPTIONS AND EXCHANGES
- -------------------------------------------
Shares may be redeemed directly from the Fund or through your registered
representative. Shares redeemed will be valued at the NAV per share next
determined after the Transfer Agent receives the redemption request in "good
order." "Good order" with respect to a redemption request generally means that a
stock power or certificate must be endorsed by the record owner(s) exactly as
the shares are registered and the signature(s) must be guaranteed by an eligible
guarantor institution. In cases where redemption is requested by a corporation,
partnership, trust, fiduciary or any other person other than the record owner,
written evidence of authority acceptable to the Fund's Transfer Agent must be
submitted before the redemption request will be accepted. The signature
guarantee may be waived on a redemption of $100,000 or less which is payable to
the shareholder(s) of record and mailed to the address of record.
Upon the redemption of shares, the Fund will make payment in cash, except as
described below, of the net asset value of the shares next determined after such
redemption request was received, less any applicable contingent deferred sales
charge. There will be no redemption, however, during any period in which the
right of redemption is suspended or date of payment is postponed because the New
York Stock Exchange is closed or trading on such Exchange is restricted or the
SEC deems an emergency to exist.
The value of the shares redeemed from the Fund may be more or less than the
shareholder's cost, depending on portfolio
34
<PAGE>
performance during the period the shareholder owned the shares.
Systematic Withdrawal Plan
Dividends and capital gains distributions on shares held under the Systematic
Withdrawal Plan are reinvested in additional full and fractional shares of the
Fund at NAV. The Fund's Transfer Agent acts as agent for the shareholder in
redeeming sufficient full and fractional shares to provide the amount of the
systematic withdrawal payment and any contingent deferred sales charge, if
applicable.
Exchange Privileges
Exchanges will be based upon each Fund's NAV per share next computed following
receipt of a properly executed exchange request.
Subject to the conditions and limitations described herein, Class A and Class B
shares of the Fund may be exchanged for shares of an identical class of the
following MainStay Funds:
MainStay California Tax Free Fund
MainStay Capital Appreciation Fund
MainStay Convertible Fund
MainStay Government Fund
MainStay High Yield Corporate Bond Fund
MainStay International Bond Fund
MainStay International Equity Fund
MainStay Money Market Fund
MainStay New York Tax Free Fund
MainStay Tax Free Bond Fund
MainStay Total Return Fund
MainStay Value Fund
In addition, an exchange privilege between Class A shares of the Fund and
MainStay Equity Index Fund is offered. Any exchanges between the Fund and
MainStay Equity Index Fund will be subject to the conditions applicable to Class
A share exchanges described herein, as well as any applicable minimum investment
requirements. No exchange privilege between Class B shares of the Fund and
MainStay Equity Index Fund is offered.
You must first obtain the prospectus for any MainStay Fund into which you wish
to make an exchange by calling _________________. Investors should read the
Prospectus carefully before they place an exchange request.
Generally, shareholders may exchange their Class A shares of the Fund for Class
A shares of another MainStay Fund, without the imposition of a sales charge. Any
such exchanges will be based upon each Fund's NAV per share next computed
following receipt of a properly executed exchange request.
Class B shares of the Fund may be exchanged for Class B shares of another
MainStay Fund at the NAV next computed following receipt of a properly executed
exchange request, without the payment of a contingent deferred sales charge; the
sales charge will be assessed, if applicable, when the shareholder redeems his
or her shares without a corresponding purchase of shares of another MainStay
Fund. However, where a shareholder previously exchanged his or her Class B
shares into the MainStay Money Market Fund from another MainStay Fund, the
applicable contingent deferred sales charge will be assessed when the shares are
redeemed from the Money Market Fund even though the Money Market Fund does not
otherwise assess a contingent deferred sales charge on redemptions. Class B
shares of a Fund acquired as a result of subsequent investments, except
reinvested dividends and distributions, will be subject to the contingent
deferred sales charge when ultimately redeemed or repurchased without purchasing
shares of another MainStay Fund.
Exchanges may only be made with respect to Funds registered in the state of
residence of the investor or where an exemption from registration is available.
An exchange may be made by either writing to the Fund's Transfer Agent at the
following address: The MainStay Funds, P.O. Box 8401, Boston, Massachusetts
02266-8401, or by calling the Fund's Transfer Agent at 1-800-462-6789 (8:00 am
to 4:00 pm, Eastern time).
In times when the volume of telephone exchanges is heavy, additional phone lines
will automatically be added by the Transfer Agent. However, in times of drastic
economic or market changes, the telephone exchange privilege may be difficult to
implement. When calling the Transfer Agent to make a telephone exchange,
shareholders should have available their account number and Social Security or
Taxpayer I.D. Numbers. Under the telephone exchange privilege, shares may only
be exchanged among accounts with identical names, addresses and Social Security
or Taxpayer I.D. Numbers. Shares may be exchanged among accounts with different
names, addresses and Social Security or Taxpayer I.D. Numbers only if the
exchange request is in writing and is received in "good order." If the dealer
permits, the dealer representative of record may initiate telephone exchanges on
behalf of a shareholder, unless the shareholder notifies the Fund in writing not
to permit such exchanges. See "Redemptions and Exchanges" page xx.
It is the policy of The MainStay Funds to discourage frequent trading by
shareholders among the Funds in response to market fluctuations. Accordingly, in
order to maintain a stable asset base in each Fund and to reduce administrative
expenses borne by each Fund, five exchanges are permitted in each 12-month
period without the imposition of any transaction fee; subsequently, exchange
requests may be denied.
For purposes of determining the length of time a shareholder owned Class B
shares prior to redemption or repurchase in order to determine the applicable
contingent deferred sales charge, Class B shares will be deemed to have been
held from the date of purchase of the shares, regardless of exchanges into other
Funds. For federal income tax purposes, an exchange is treated as a sale on
which an investor may realize a gain or loss. See page xx, "Understand the Tax
Consequences," for
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information concerning the federal income tax treatment of a disposition of
shares. All exchanges are subject to the minimum investment requirements of the
Funds involved. The exchange privilege may be modified or withdrawn at any time
without notice.
Distributions in Kind
The Trust has agreed to redeem shares of the Fund solely in cash up to the
lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the net asset value of the Fund during any 90-day
period for any one shareholder. The Trust reserves the right to pay other
redemptions, either total or partial, by a distribution in kind of securities
(instead of cash) from the Fund's portfolio. The securities distributed in such
a distribution would be valued at the same value as that assigned to them in
calculating the NAV of the shares being redeemed. If a shareholder receives a
distribution in kind, he or she should expect to incur transaction costs when he
or she converts the securities to cash.
TAX-DEFERRED RETIREMENT PLANS
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Shares of the Fund may be purchased for retirement plans, providing tax-deferred
investments for individuals and institutions. Shares purchased may be used as
investments for established plans, or the Distributor may provide plan documents
for selected plans. A plan document must be adopted in order for a plan to be in
existence.
Custodial services are provided for IRA/SEP/SARSEP plans, and for 403(b)(7)
Custodial Accounts. Plan administration is also available for select qualified
retirement plans.
Contributions made to such plans to the extent provided in federal income tax
law currently in effect, and earnings thereon, will not be taxable to the plan
participant until distribution. An investor should consult with his or her tax
adviser before establishing any tax-deferred retirement plan.
The Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") has specific distribution requirements that
apply to investors who reach age 70 1/2.
NET ASSET VALUE
- -------------------------------------------
For purposes of determining NAV, portfolio securities of the Fund are valued at
their fair market values as determined by the methods described in the SAI with
the exception of money market instruments held by those Funds, which are valued
by the amortized cost method.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
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The primary consideration in portfolio security transactions is best execution.
Subject to this requirement, securities may be bought from or sold to brokers or
dealers who have furnished statistical, research and other information or
services to the Adviser. Consistent with the foregoing primary consideration,
the Rules of Fair Practice of the National Association of Securities Dealers,
Inc. and such other policies as the Trustees may determine, the Adviser may
consider sales of shares of the Fund as a factor in the selection of broker-
dealers to execute the Fund's portfolio transactions. NYLIFE Securities Inc. may
act as a broker for the Trust in accordance with applicable regulations.
Increased portfolio turnover may result in brokerage commissions and in
realization of net short-term capital gains which, when distributed, are taxed
to shareholders (other than retirement plans) at ordinary income tax rates.
TAX INFORMATION
- -------------------------------------------
The Fund generally will not be subject to federal income tax on its net taxable
investment income and net realized capital gains to the extent such income and
gains are distributed to its shareholders in accordance with the timing
requirements of the Code.
PERFORMANCE AND YIELD INFORMATION
- -------------------------------------------
From time to time the Fund may publish its yield and/or average annual total
return in advertisements and communications to shareholders. Total return and
yield are computed separately for Class A and Class B shares.
The yield of a class of shares of the Fund will be calculated by dividing the
net investment income per share during a recent 30-day period by the maximum
public offering price per share of the class on the last day of the period. The
results are compounded on a bond equivalent (semiannual) basis and then
annualized. Average annual total return for a class of shares of the Fund is
determined by computing the annual percentage change in value of $1,000 invested
at the maximum public offering price for specified periods ending with the most
recent calendar quarter, assuming reinvestment of all dividends and
distributions at net asset value. The total return calculation assumes a
complete redemption of the investment and the deduction of the maximum initial
sales load or contingent deferred sales charge, as applicable. The Fund may also
furnish total return figures which do not take into account all or a part of the
maximum initial sales load or contingent deferred sales charge.
The Fund may also include its current dividend rate in its prospectus, in
supplemental sales literature, or in communications to shareholders. The
"current dividend rate" is calculated by dividing the Fund's annualized
distributions from net investment income (excluding realized short-term capital
gains and premiums from writing options) during a specific recent period by a
recent offering price (i.e., NAV). A current dividend rate may differ from yield
because it does not reflect the inclusion of amortized discount and premium on
debt obligations in income using the current market value of
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the obligations, as is currently required for yield calculations. A current
dividend rate may differ from total return because it does not reflect all
components of the Fund's performance, including realized and unrealized capital
gains and losses, which are reflected in calculations of the Fund's total
return. Any performance figure which does not take into account the contingent
deferred sales charge would be reduced to the extent such charge is imposed upon
a redemption.
Performance information for the Fund may be compared, in advertisements, sales
literature, and reports to shareholders, to various indexes and other
performance measures, including the performance of other mutual funds.
Investors should note that the investment results of the Fund will fluctuate
over time, and any presentation of the Fund's yield, current dividend rate or
total return yield for any prior period should not be considered as a
representation of what an investment may earn or what an investor's yield,
current dividend rate, total return or tax-equivalent yield may be in any future
period.
APPENDIX A
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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES RATINGS
MOODY'S INVESTORS SERVICE, INC.
Corporate and Municipal Bond Ratings
Aaa: Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry
the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as "gilt
edged." Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable
margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely
to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the
fundamentally strong position of such issues.
Aa: Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards.
Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high-grade
bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection
may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective elements
may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make
the long-term risks appear somewhat larger than the Aaa securities.
A: Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are
to be considered as upper-medium-grade obligations. Factors giving security to
principal and interest are considered adequate but elements may be present which
suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.
Baa: Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium-grade obligations,
(i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured). Interest payments
and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective
elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great
length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in
fact have speculative characteristics as well.
Ba: Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their
future cannot be considered as well-assured. Often the protection of interest
and principal payments may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded
during both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position
characterizes bonds in this class.
B: Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable
investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of
other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.
Caa: Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in
default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or
interest.
Ca: Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a
high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.
C: Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds, and issues so
rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any
real investment standing.
Moody's applies numerical modifiers, 1, 2, and 3, in each generic rating
classified from Aa through B in its corporate bond rating system. The modifier 1
indicates that the security ranks in the higher end of its generic rating
category; the modifier 2 indicates a midrange ranking; and the modifier 3
indicates that the issue ranks in the lower end of its generic rating category.
Designations Applicable to Municipal Bond Ratings
In its municipal bond rating system, Moody's designates those bonds within the
Aa, A, Baa, Ba and B categories that it believes possess the strongest credit
attributes with the symbols Aa1, A1, Baa1, Ba1 and B1.
Advance refunded issues that are secured by escrowed funds held in cash, held in
trust, reinvested in direct noncallable United States government obligations or
noncallable obligations unconditionally guaranteed by the U.S. government are
identified with a hatchmark (#) symbol, i.e., #Aaa.
Moody's assigns conditional ratings to bonds for which the security depends upon
the completion of some act or the fulfillment of some condition. These are bonds
secured by: (a) earnings of projects under construction; (b) earnings of
projects unseasoned in operating experience; (c) rentals that begin when
facilities are completed; or (d) payments to which some other limiting condition
attaches. The parenthetical rating denotes probable credit stature upon
completion of construction or elimination of basis of condition, e.g.,
Con.(Baa).
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Issues that are subject to a periodic reoffer and resale in the secondary market
in a "dutch auction" are assigned a long-term rating based only on Moody's
assessment of the ability and willingness of the issuer to make timely principal
and interest payments. Moody's expresses no opinion as to the ability of the
holder to sell the security in a secondary market "dutch auction." Such issues
are identified by the insertion of the words "dutch auction" into the name of
the issue.
Municipal Short-Term Loan Ratings
Issues or the features associated with MIG, VMIG or SQ ratings are identified by
date of issue, date of maturity or maturities or rating expiration date and
description to distinguish each rating from other ratings. Each rating
designation is unique with no implication as to any other similar issue of the
same obligor. MIG ratings terminate at the retirement of the obligation while
VMIG rating expiration will be a function of each issue's specific structural or
credit features.
MIG 1/VMIG 1: This designation denotes best quality. There is present strong
protection by established cash flows, superior liquidity support or demonstrated
broad-based access to the market for refinancing.
MIG 2/VMIG 2: This designation denotes high quality. Margins of protection are
ample although not so large as in the preceding group.
MIG 3/VMIG 3: This designation denotes favorable quality. All security elements
are accounted for but there is lacking the undeniable strength of the preceding
grades. Liquidity and cash flow protection may be narrow and market access for
refinancing is likely to be less well established.
MIG 4/VMIG 4: This designation denotes adequate quality. Protection commonly
regarded as required of an investment security is present and although not
distinctly or predominantly speculative, there is specific risk.
SQ: This designation denotes speculative quality. Debt instruments in this
category lack margins of protection.
Corporate Short-Term Debt Ratings
Moody's short-term debt ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to repay
punctually senior debt obligations which have an original maturity not exceeding
one year. Obligations relying upon support mechanisms such as letters-of-credit
and bonds of indemnity are excluded unless explicitly rated.
Moody's employs the following three designations, all judged to be investment
grade, to indicate the relative repayment ability of rated issuers:
PRIME-1: Issuers rated Prime-1 (or supporting institutions) have a superior
ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. Prime-1 repayment
ability will often be evidenced by many of the following characteristics:
leading market positions in well-established industries; high rates of return on
funds employed; conservative capitalization structure with moderate reliance on
debt and ample asset protection; broad margins in earnings coverage of fixed
financial charges and high internal cash generation; and well-established access
to a range of financial markets and assured sources of alternate liquidity.
PRIME-2: Issuers rated Prime-2 (or supporting institutions) have a strong
ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. This will normally
be evidenced by many of the characteristics cited above but to a lesser degree.
Earnings trends and coverage ratios, while sound, may be more subject to
variation. Capitalization characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more
affected by external conditions. Ample alternate liquidity is maintained.
PRIME-3: Issuers rated Prime-3 (or supporting institutions) have an acceptable
ability for repayment of senior short-term obligations. The effect of industry
characteristics and market compositions may be more pronounced. Variability in
earnings and profitability may result in changes in the level of debt protection
measurements and may require relatively high financial leverage. Adequate
alternate liquidity is maintained.
NOT PRIME: Issuers rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating
categories.
STANDARD & POOR'S
Corporate and Municipal Debt Ratings
Investment Grade
AAA: Debt rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor's.
Capacity to pay interest and repay principal is extremely strong.
AA: Debt rated AA has a very strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal
and differs from the highest rated issues only in small degree.
A: Debt rated A has a strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal
although it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in
circumstances and economic conditions than debt in higher rated categories.
BBB: Debt rated BBB is regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay interest
and repay principal. Whereas it normally exhibits adequate protection
parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more
likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest and repay principal for
debt in this category than in higher rated categories.
Speculative Grade
Debt rated BB, B, CCC, CC, and C is regarded as having predominantly speculative
characteristics with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal. BB
indicates the least degree of speculation and C the highest. While such debt
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will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these are
outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.
BB: Debt rated BB has less near-term vulnerability to default than other
speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to
adverse business, financial or economic conditions which could lead to
inadequate capacity to meet timely interest and principal payments. The BB
rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is
assigned an actual or implied BBB- rating.
B: Debt rated B has a greater vulnerability to default but currently has the
capacity to meet interest payments and principal repayments. Adverse business,
financial or economic conditions will likely impair capacity or willingness to
pay interest and repay principal. The B rating category is also used for debt
subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied BB or BB-
rating.
CCC: Debt rated CCC has a currently identifiable vulnerability to default and is
dependent upon favorable business, financial and economic conditions to meet
timely payment of interest and repayment of principal. In the event of adverse
business, financial or economic conditions, it is not likely to have the
capacity to pay interest and repay principal. The CCC rating category is also
used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied
B or B- rating.
CC: The rating CC typically is applied to debt subordinated to senior debt which
is assigned an actual or implied CCC rating.
C: The rating C typically is applied to debt subordinated to senior debt which
is assigned an actual or implied CCC- debt rating. The C rating may be used to
cover a situation where a bankruptcy petition has been filed, but debt service
payments are continued.
C1: The rating C1 is reserved for income bonds on which no interest is being
paid.
D: Debt rated D is in payment default. The D rating category is used when
interest payments or principal payments are not made on the date due even if the
applicable grace period has not expired, unless S&P believes that such payments
will be made during such grace period. The D rating will also be used upon the
filing of a bankruptcy petition if debt service payments are jeopardized.
Plus (+) or Minus (-): The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the
addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing within the major
rating categories.
Provisional ratings: The letter "p" indicates that the rating is provisional.
A provisional rating assumes the successful completion of the project being
financed by the debt being rated and indicates that payment of debt service
requirements is largely or entirely dependent upon the successful and timely
completion of the project. This rating, however, while addressing credit quality
subsequent to completion of the project, makes no comment on the likelihood of,
or the risk of default upon failure of, such completion. The investor should
exercise his own judgment with respect to such likelihood and risk.
r: The "r" is attached to highlight derivative, hybrid, and certain other
obligations that S&P believes may experience high volatility or high variability
in expected returns due to noncredit risks. Examples of such obligations are:
securities whose principal or interest return is indexed to equities,
commodities, or currencies; certain swaps and options; and interest-only and
principal-only mortgage securities.
The absence of an "r" symbol should not be taken as an indication that an
obligation will exhibit no volatility or variability in total return.
N.R.: Not rated.
Debt obligations of issuers outside the United States and its territories are
rated on the same basis as domestic corporate and municipal issues. The ratings
measure the creditworthiness of the obligor but do not take into account
currency exchange and related uncertainties.
Note Rating Definitions
SP-1: Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. Issues determined to
possess very strong characteristics are given a plus (+) designation.
SP-2: Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some
vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the
notes.
SP-3: Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.
Commercial Paper Rating Definitions
A-1: This highest category indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely
payment is strong. Those issues determined to possess extremely strong safety
characteristics are denoted with a plus sign (+) designation.
A-2: Capacity for timely payment on issues with this designation is
satisfactory. However, the relative degree of safety is not as high as for
issues designated A-1.
A-3: Issues carrying this designation have adequate capacity for timely payment.
They are, however, more vulnerable to the adverse effects of changes in
circumstances than obligations carrying the higher designations.
B: Issues rated B are regarded as having only speculative capacity for
timely payment.
C: This rating is assigned to short-term debt obligations with a doubtful
capacity for payment.
D: Debt rated D is in payment default. The D rating category is used when
interest payments or principal payments are not
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made on the date due, even if the applicable grace period has not expired,
unless S&P believes that such payments will be made during such grace period.
A commercial paper rating is not a recommendation to purchase, sell or hold a
security inasmuch as it does not comment as to market price or suitability for a
particular investor. The ratings are based on current information furnished to
S&P by the issuer or obtained by S&P from other sources it considers reliable.
S&P does not perform an audit in connection with any rating and may, on
occasion, rely on unaudited financial information. The ratings may be changed,
suspended, or withdrawn as a result of changes in, or unavailability of, such
information.
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41
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No dealer, salesman or any other person has been authorized to give any
information or to make any representations other than those contained in this
Prospectus and in the related Statement of Additional Information, in connection
with the offer contained in this Prospectus, and, if given or made, such other
information or representations must not be relied upon as having been authorized
by the Trust or the Distributor. This Prospectus and the related Statement of
Additional Information do not constitute an offer by the Trust or by the
Distributor to sell or a solicitation of any offer to buy any of the securities
offered hereby in any jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make
such offer in such jurisdiction.
[LOGO]MAINSTAY(TM)FUNDS
NYLife Distributors Inc.
260 Cherry Hill Road
Parsippany, New Jersey 07054
Administrator & Distributor of The MainStay Funds
NYLife Distributors Inc. is an indirect wholly owned
subsidiary of New York Life Insurance Company.
[LOGO]NEW
YORK
LIFE
3/97
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THE MAINSTAY FUNDS
STRATEGIC INCOME FUND
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
MARCH 1, 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This Statement of Additional Information is not a prospectus and
should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus of the MainStay Strategic
Income Fund dated March 1, 1997, as amended or supplemented from time to time, a
copy of which may be obtained without charge by writing to NYLIFE Distributors
Inc., (the "Distributor") 260 Cherry Hill Road, Parsippany, NJ 07054 or by
calling 1-800-624-6782.
The MainStay Strategic Income Fund (the "Fund") is a diversified,
open-end management investment company organized as a separate series of The
MainStay Funds (the "Trust"), a Massachusetts business trust.
No dealer, salesman or any other person has been authorized to give
any information or to make any representations, other than those contained in
this Statement of Additional Information or in the related Prospectus, in
connection with the offers contained herein, and, if given or made, such other
information or representations must not be relied upon as having been authorized
by the Fund or the Distributor. This Statement of Additional Information and
the related Prospectus do not constitute an offer by the Fund or by the
Distributor to sell or a solicitation of any offer to buy any of the securities
offered hereby in any jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make
such offer in such jurisdiction.
Shareholder inquiries should be made by writing directly to the Distributor,
or by calling 1-800-624-6782. In addition, you can make inquiries through your
registered representative.
<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE IN
STATEMENT OF
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
-----------
INVESTMENT PRACTICES AND INSTRUMENTS........................ 4
Repurchase Agreements.................................. 4
Lending of Portfolio Securities........................ 5
Bank Obligations....................................... 6
U.S. Government Securities............................. 6
Convertible Securities................................. 7
Foreign Securities..................................... 7
Foreign Currency Transactions.......................... 8
Foreign Index-Linked Instruments....................... 11
Brady Bonds............................................ 11
Municipal Securities................................... 12
Floating and Variable Rate Securities.................. 13
Zero Coupon Bonds...................................... 13
When-Issued Securities or Firm or Standby Commitment
Agreements............................................. 14
Mortgage-Related and Other Asset-Backed Securities..... 14
Short Sales Against the Box............................ 23
Options on Securities.................................. 23
Securities Index Options............................... 29
Futures Transactions................................... 30
Swap Agreements........................................ 40
Loan Participation Interests........................... 42
Risks Associated with Debt Securities.................. 44
Risks of Investing in High Yield Securities ("Junk
Bonds")................................................ 45
ADDITIONAL FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS.............. 46
ADDITIONAL NON-FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS.......... 46
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS....................................... 47
THE ADVISER, THE ADMINISTRATOR AND THE DISTRIBUTOR.......... 54
Investment Advisory Agreement.......................... 54
Administration Agreements.............................. 55
Distribution Agreement................................. 55
Other Services......................................... 57
Expenses Borne by the Trust............................ 58
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE........................ 58
NET ASSET VALUE............................................. 61
B-2
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SHAREHOLDER INVESTMENT ACCOUNT.............................. 64
SHAREHOLDER SERVICING AGENT................................. 64
PURCHASES, REDEMPTION AND REPURCHASE........................ 64
Letter of Intent ("LOI")............................... 64
Suspension of Redemptions.............................. 65
TAX-DEFERRED RETIREMENT PLANS............................... 65
Cash or Deferred Profit Sharing Plans Under Section
401(k) for Corporations and Self-Employed
Individuals........................................... 65
Individual Retirement Account ("IRA").................. 65
403(b)(7) Tax Sheltered Account........................ 66
General Information.................................... 67
CALCULATION OF PERFORMANCE QUOTATIONS....................... 67
TAX STATUS.................................................. 71
Taxation of the Funds.................................. 71
Character of Distributions to Shareholders -- General.. 71
Discount............................................... 73
Excise Tax............................................. 73
Taxation of Options, Futures and Similar Instruments... 74
Passive Foreign Investment Companies................... 75
Foreign Currency Gains and Losses...................... 76
Commodity Investments.................................. 77
Dispositions of Fund Shares............................ 77
Tax Reporting Requirements............................. 78
Foreign Taxes.......................................... 79
State and Local Taxes - General........................ 80
Explanation of Fund Distributions...................... 80
General Information.................................... 80
ORGANIZATION AND CAPITALIZATION............................. 81
General................................................ 81
Voting Rights.......................................... 81
Shareholder and Trustee Liability...................... 81
OTHER INFORMATION........................................... 82
Independent Accountants................................ 82
Legal Counsel.......................................... 82
Code of Ethics......................................... 82
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS........................................ 82
B-3
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INVESTMENT PRACTICES AND INSTRUMENTS
The Fund may engage in the following investment practices or invest in the
following instruments subject to the limitations set forth in the Prospectus.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with member banks of the
Federal Reserve System or member firms of the National Association of Securities
Dealers, Inc. that meet the repurchase agreement creditworthiness guidelines
established by the Trustees. In addition, the Fund may enter into foreign
repurchase agreements with sellers deemed to be creditworthy pursuant to the
guidelines adopted by the Trustees.
A repurchase agreement, which provides a means for a Fund to earn income on
uninvested cash for periods as short as overnight, is an arrangement under which
the purchaser (i.e., the Fund) purchases a U.S. government or other high quality
short-term debt obligation (the "Obligation") and the seller agrees, at the time
of sale, to repurchase the Obligation at a specified time and price. A
repurchase agreement with foreign banks may be available with respect to
government securities of the particular foreign jurisdiction. The custody of
the Obligation will be maintained by the Fund's Custodian. The value of the
purchased securities, including any accrued interest, will at all times exceed
the value of the repurchase agreement. The repurchase price may be higher than
the purchase price, the difference being income to the Fund, or the purchase and
repurchase prices may be the same, with interest at a stated rate due to the
Fund together with the repurchase price upon repurchase. In either case, the
income to the Fund is unrelated to the interest rate on the Obligation subject
to the repurchase agreement.
The income on repurchase agreements may be subject to federal and state
income taxes when distributed by the Fund as a dividend to shareholders.
For purposes of the 1940 Act, a repurchase agreement is deemed to be a loan
from the Fund to the seller of the Obligation. It is not clear whether a court
would consider the Obligation purchased by the Fund subject to a repurchase
agreement as being owned by the Fund or as being collateral for a loan by the
Fund to the seller. In the event of the commencement of bankruptcy or
insolvency proceedings with respect to the seller of the Obligation before
repurchase of the Obligation under a repurchase agreement, the Fund may
encounter delays and incur costs before being able to sell the security. Delays
may involve loss of interest or decline in price of the Obligation.
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If the court characterizes the transaction as a loan and the Fund has not
perfected a security interest in the Obligation, the Fund may be required to
return the Obligation to the seller's estate and be treated as an unsecured
creditor of the seller. As an unsecured creditor, the Fund would be at the risk
of losing some or all of the principal and income involved in the transaction.
As with any unsecured debt instrument purchased for the Fund, the Adviser seeks
to minimize the risk of loss from repurchase agreements by analyzing the
creditworthiness of the obligor, in this case the seller of the Obligation.
Apart from the risk of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings, there is also the
risk that the seller may fail to repurchase the security. However, if the
market value of the Obligation subject to the repurchase agreement becomes less
than the repurchase price (including accrued interest), the Fund will direct the
seller of the Obligation to deliver additional securities so that the market
value of all securities subject to the repurchase agreement equals or exceeds
the repurchase price.
The Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements. The Fund will
maintain a segregated account consisting of liquid assets to cover its
obligations under reverse repurchase agreements. The Fund will limit its
investments in reverse repurchase agreements and other borrowing to no more than
5% of its total assets.
LENDING OF PORTFOLIO SECURITIES
The Fund may seek to increase its income by lending portfolio securities.
Under present regulatory policies, such loans may be made to institutions, such
as broker-dealers, and would be required to be secured continuously by
collateral in cash, irrevocable letters of credit, or U.S. government or
government agency securities maintained on a current basis at an amount at least
equal to the market value of the securities loaned. The Fund would have the
right to call a loan and obtain the securities loaned at any time according to
standard market settlement practice. For the duration of a loan, the Fund would
continue to receive the equivalent of the interest or dividends paid by the
issuer on the securities loaned and would also receive compensation from the
investment of the collateral. The Fund would not, however, have the right to
vote any securities having voting rights during the existence of the loan, but
the Fund would call the loan in anticipation of an important vote to be taken
among holders of the securities or of the giving or withholding of their consent
on a material matter affecting the investment. As with other extensions of
credit there are risks of delay in recovery of, or even loss of rights in, the
collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially or breach its
agreement with a Fund. However, the loans would be
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made only to firms which meet the standards set forth in the Trust's securities
lending procedures and are deemed by the Adviser to be of good standing, and
when, in the judgment of the Adviser, the consideration which can be earned
currently from securities loans of this type justifies the attendant risk. If
the Adviser determines to make securities loans, it is intended that the value
of the securities loaned would not exceed 30% of the value of the total assets
of the lending Fund.
BANK OBLIGATIONS
Time deposits are nonnegotiable deposits maintained in a banking
institution for a specified period of time at a stated interest rate. Time
deposits which may be held by the Fund will not benefit from insurance from the
Bank Insurance Fund or the Savings Association Insurance Fund administered by
the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
Certificates of deposit are certificates evidencing the obligation of a
bank to repay funds deposited with it for a specified period of time.
Bankers' acceptances are credit instruments evidencing the obligation of a
bank to pay a draft drawn on it by a customer. These instruments reflect the
obligation both of the bank and of the drawer to pay the full amount of the
instrument upon maturity.
Investments in the obligations of banks are deemed to be "cash equivalents"
if, at the date of investment, the banks have capital surplus and individual
profits (as of the date of their most recently published financials) in excess
of $100,000,000, or if, with respect to the obligations of other banks and
savings and loan associations, such obligations are federally insured.
U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES
Securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies or
instrumentalities include U.S. Treasury securities, which differ only in their
interest rates, maturities and times of issuance. Treasury bills have initial
maturities of one year or less; Treasury notes have initial maturities of one to
ten years; and Treasury bonds generally have initial maturities of greater than
ten years. Some obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies
and instrumentalities, for example, Government National Mortgage Association
("GNMA") pass-through certificates, are supported by the full faith and credit
of the U.S. Treasury; others, such as those of the Federal Home Loan Banks, by
the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury; others, such as those
issued by the Federal National
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Mortgage Association ("FNMA"), by the discretionary authority of the U.S.
government to purchase certain obligations of the agency or instrumentality; and
others, such as those issued by the Student Loan Marketing Association, only by
the credit of the agency or instrumentality. While the U.S. government provides
financial support to such U.S. government-sponsored agencies or
instrumentalities, no assurance can be given that it will always do so, and it
is not so obligated by law. See "Mortgage-Related and Other Asset-Backed
Securities."
CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES
The Fund may invest in securities convertible into common stock. Such
investments may be made, for example, if the Adviser believes that a company's
convertible securities are undervalued in the market. Convertible securities
eligible for inclusion in the Fund's portfolio include convertible bonds,
convertible preferred stocks, or warrants.
FOREIGN SECURITIES
The Fund may invest in U.S. dollar-denominated and non-dollar-denominated
foreign securities and in certificates of deposit issued by foreign banks and
foreign branches of United States banks, to any extent deemed appropriate by the
Adviser.
While foreign markets may present unique investment opportunities, foreign
investing involves risks not associated with domestic investing. Securities
markets in other countries are not always as efficient as those in the U.S. and
are sometimes less liquid and more volatile. Other risks involved in investing
in the securities of foreign issuers include differences in accounting, auditing
and financial reporting standards; limited publicly available information; the
difficulty of assessing economic trends in foreign countries; generally higher
commission rates on foreign portfolio transactions; the possibility of
nationalization, expropriation or confiscatory taxation; adverse changes in
investment or exchange control regulations (which may include suspension of the
ability to transfer currency from a country); government interference, including
government ownership of companies in certain sectors, wage and price controls,
or imposition of trade barriers and other protectionist measures; difficulties
in invoking legal process abroad and enforcing contractual obligations;
political, social or economic instability which could affect U.S. investments in
foreign countries; and potential restrictions on the flow of international
capital. Additionally, foreign securities and dividends and interest payable on
those securities may be subject to foreign taxes, including foreign withholding
taxes, and other foreign taxes may apply with respect to securities
transactions. Additional costs associated with an investment in foreign
securities may include higher transaction, custody and foreign currency
conversion costs. In the event of litigation relating to a portfolio
investment, the Fund may encounter substantial difficulties in obtaining and
enforcing judgments against non-U.S. resident individuals and companies.
Investment in emerging market countries presents risks in greater degree than,
and in addition to, those presented by investment in foreign issuers in general.
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FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
The Fund may, to the extent it invests in foreign securities, enter into
forward foreign currency transactions in order to protect against uncertainty in
the level of future foreign currency exchange rates. The Fund may enter into
contracts to purchase foreign currencies to protect against an anticipated rise
in the U.S. dollar price of securities it intends to purchase and may enter into
contracts to sell foreign currencies to protect against the decline in value of
its foreign currency-denominated portfolio securities due to a decline in the
value of the foreign currencies against the U.S. dollar. In addition, the Fund
may use one currency (or a basket of currencies) to hedge against adverse
changes in the value of another currency (or a basket of currencies) when
exchange rates between the two currencies are correlated.
Foreign currency transactions in which the Fund may engage include forward
foreign currency contracts, currency exchange transactions on a spot (i.e.,
----
cash) basis, put and call options on foreign currencies and foreign exchange
futures contracts. A forward foreign currency exchange contract involves an
obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may
be any fixed number of days (usually less than one year) from the date of the
contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract.
These contracts are traded in the interbank market conducted directly between
traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers. A forward
contract generally has no deposit requirement, and no commissions are charged at
any stage for trades. Although foreign exchange dealers do not charge a fee for
conversion, they do realize a profit based on the difference (the spread)
between the price at which they are buying and selling various currencies.
Normally, consideration of the prospect for currency parities will be
incorporated in a longer term investment decision made with regard to overall
diversification strategies. However, the Adviser believes that it is important
to have the flexibility to enter into such forward contracts when it determines
that the best interest of the Fund will be served by entering into such a
contract. Generally, the Adviser believes that the best interest of the Fund
will be served if the Fund is permitted to enter into forward contracts under
specified circumstances. First, when the Fund enters into, or anticipates
entering into, a contract for the purchase or sale of a security denominated in
a foreign currency, it may desire to "lock in" the U.S. dollar price of the
security. By entering into a forward contract for the purchase or sale, for a
fixed amount of U.S. dollars, of the amount of foreign currency involved in the
underlying security transaction, the Fund will be able to
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insulate itself from a possible loss resulting from a change in the relationship
between the U.S. dollar and the subject foreign currency during the period
between the date on which the security is purchased or sold and the date on
which payment is made or received, although the Fund would also forego any gain
it might have realized had rates moved in the opposite direction. This
technique is sometimes referred to as a "settlement" hedge or "transaction"
hedge.
Second, when the Adviser believes that the currency of a particular foreign
country may suffer a substantial decline against the U.S. dollar, it may enter
into a forward contract to sell, for a fixed amount of dollars, the amount of
foreign currency approximating the value of some or all of the Fund's portfolio
securities denominated in such foreign currency. Such a hedge (sometimes
referred to as a "position" hedge) will tend to offset both positive and
negative currency fluctuations, but will not offset changes in security values
caused by other factors. The Fund also may hedge the same position by using
another currency (or a basket of currencies) expected to perform in a manner
substantially similar to the hedged currency ("proxy hedge"). The precise
matching of the forward contract amounts and the value of the securities
involved will not generally be possible since the future value of such
securities in foreign currencies will change as a consequence of market
movements in the value of those securities between the date the forward contract
is entered into and the date it matures. With respect to positions that
constitute "transaction" or "position" hedges (including "proxy" hedges), the
Fund will not enter into forward contracts to sell currency or maintain a net
exposure to such contracts if the consummation of such contracts would obligate
the Fund to deliver an amount of foreign currency in excess of the value of the
Fund's portfolio securities or other assets denominated in that currency (or the
related currency, in the case of a "proxy" hedge).
Finally, the Fund may enter into forward contracts to shift its investment
exposure from one currency into another currency that is expected to perform
inversely with respect to the hedged currency relative to the U.S. dollar. This
type of strategy, sometimes known as a "cross-currency" hedge, will tend to
reduce or eliminate exposure to the currency that is sold, and increase exposure
to the currency that is purchased, much as if the Fund had sold a security
denominated in one currency and purchased an equivalent security denominated in
another. "Cross-currency" hedges protect against losses resulting from a
decline in the hedged currency, but will cause the Fund to assume the risk of
fluctuations in the value of the currency it purchases.
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At the consummation of the forward contract, the Fund may either make
delivery of the foreign currency or terminate its contractual obligation to
deliver the foreign currency by purchasing an offsetting contract obligating it
to purchase at the same maturity date the same amount of such foreign currency.
If the Fund chooses to make delivery of the foreign currency, it may be required
to obtain such currency for delivery through the sale of portfolio securities
denominated in such currency or through conversion of other assets of the Fund
into such currency. If the Fund engages in an offsetting transaction, the Fund
will realize a gain or a loss to the extent that there has been a change in
forward contract prices. Closing purchase transactions with respect to forward
contracts are usually effected with the currency trader who is a party to the
original forward contract.
The Fund's dealing in forward contracts will be limited to the transactions
described above. Of course, the Fund is not required to enter into such
transactions with regard to its foreign currency-denominated securities and will
not do so unless deemed appropriate by the Adviser. The Fund generally will not
enter into a forward contract with a term of greater than one year.
In cases of transactions which constitute "transaction" hedges, or
"position" hedges (including "proxy" hedges) or "cross-currency" hedges that
involve the purchase and sale of two different foreign currencies directly
through the same foreign currency contract, the Fund may deem its forward
currency hedge position to be covered by underlying Fund portfolio securities or
may establish a segregated account with its Custodian in an amount equal to the
value of the Fund's total assets committed to the consummation of the subject
hedge. The assets in the segregated account will consist of liquid assets of
the Fund. In the case of "anticipatory" hedges and "cross-currency" hedges that
involve the purchase and sale of two different foreign currencies indirectly
through separate forward currency contracts, the Fund will establish a
segregated account with its Custodian as described above. In the event the Fund
establishes a segregated account, the Fund will mark-to-market the value of the
assets in the segregated account. If the value of the securities placed in the
segregated account declines, additional cash or securities will be placed in the
account by the Fund on a daily basis so that the value of the account will equal
the amount of the Fund's commitments with respect to such contracts.
It should be realized that this method of protecting the value of the
Fund's portfolio securities against a decline in the value of a currency does
not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of the securities. It
simply establishes a
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rate of exchange which can be achieved at some future point in time. It also
reduces any potential gain which may have otherwise occurred had the currency
value increased above the settlement price of the contract. The Funds cannot
assure that the techniques discussed above will be successful.
The Fund's foreign currency transactions may be limited by the requirements
of Subchapter M of the Code for qualification as a regulated investment company.
FOREIGN INDEX-LINKED INSTRUMENTS
The Fund may invest in instruments issued by the U.S. or a foreign
government or by private issuers that return principal and/or pay interest to
investors in amounts which are linked to the level of a particular foreign index
("foreign index-linked instruments"). In the case of foreign index-linked
instruments linking the interest component to a foreign index, the amount of
interest payable will adjust periodically in response to changes in the level of
the foreign index during the term of the foreign index-linked instrument.
BRADY BONDS
The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in Brady Bonds, which are
securities created through the exchange of existing commercial bank loans to
sovereign entities for new obligations in connection with debt restructurings.
Brady Plan debt restructurings have been implemented in several countries,
including Mexico, Uruguay, Venezuela, Argentina, Costa Rica, Nigeria, the
Philippines, Bulgaria, the Dominican Republic, Bolivia, Ecuador, Niger, Poland
and Jordan (collectively, the "Brady Countries"). In addition, Brazil has
concluded a Brady-like plan. It is expected that other countries will undertake
a Brady Plan debt restructuring in the future, including Peru and Panama.
Brady Bonds may be collateralized or uncollateralized and are issued in
various currencies (primarily the U.S. dollar).
U.S. dollar-denominated, collateralized Brady Bonds, which may be fixed
rate par bonds or floating rate discount bonds, are generally collateralized in
full as to principal by U.S. Treasury zero coupon bonds having the same maturity
as the Brady Bonds. Interest payments on these Brady Bonds generally are
collateralized on a one-year or longer rolling-forward basis by cash or
securities in an amount that, in the case of fixed rate bonds, is equal to at
least one year of interest payments or, in the case of floating rate bonds,
initially is equal to at least one year's interest payments based on the
applicable interest
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rate at that time and is adjusted at regular intervals thereafter. Certain
Brady Bonds are entitled to "value recovery payments" in certain circumstances,
which in effect constitute supplemental interest payments but generally are not
collateralized. Brady Bonds are often viewed as having three or four valuation
components: (i) the collateralized repayment of principal at final maturity;
(ii) the collateralized interest payments; (iii) the uncollateralized interest
payments; and (iv) any uncollateralized repayment of principal at maturity
(these uncollateralized amounts constitute the "residual risk").
Most Mexican Brady Bonds issued to date have principal repayments at final
maturity fully collateralized by U.S. Treasury zero coupon bonds (or comparable
collateral denominated in other currencies) and interest coupon payments
collateralized on an 18-month rolling-forward basis by funds held in escrow by
an agent for the bondholders. A significant portion of the Venezuelan Brady
Bonds and the Argentine Brady Bonds issued to date have principal repayments at
final maturity collateralized by U.S. Treasury zero coupon bonds (or comparable
collateral denominated in other currencies) and/or interest coupon payments
collateralized on a 14-month (for Venezuela) or 12-month (for Argentina)
rolling-forward basis by securities held by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York
as collateral agent.
Brady Bonds involve various risk factors including the history of defaults
with respect to commercial bank loans by public and private entities of
countries issuing Brady Bonds. There can be no assurance that Brady Bonds in
which the Fund may invest will not be subject to restructuring arrangements or
to requests for new credit, which may cause the Fund to suffer a loss of
interest or principal on any of its holdings.
MUNICIPAL SECURITIES
Municipal securities are obligations of state and local governments,
agencies and authorities, which are issued to obtain funds for various public
purposes. Two principal classifications of municipal bonds are "general
obligation" and "revenue" bonds. General obligation bonds are secured by the
issuer's pledge of its full faith, credit and taxing power for the payment of
principal and interest. Revenue bonds are payable only from the revenues
derived from a particular facility or class of facilities, or, in some cases,
from the proceeds of a special excise or specific revenue source. Industrial
development bonds or private activity bonds, although nominally issued by
municipal authorities, are generally not secured by the taxing power of the
municipality but are secured by the revenues of the authority derived from
payments by the industrial user.
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FLOATING AND VARIABLE RATE SECURITIES
Floating and variable rate securities provide for a periodic adjustment in
the interest rate paid on the obligations. The terms of such obligations must
provide that interest rates are adjusted periodically based upon an interest
rate adjustment index as provided in the respective obligations. The adjustment
intervals may be regular, and range from daily up to annually, or may be based
on an event, such as a change in the prime rate.
The interest rate on a floating rate debt instrument ("floater") is a
variable rate which is tied to another interest rate, such as a money-market
index or Treasury bill rate. The interest rate on a floater resets
periodically, typically every six months. While, because of the interest rate
reset feature, floaters provide the Fund with a certain degree of protection
against rises in interest rates, the Fund will participate in any declines in
interest rates as well.
The interest rate on a leveraged inverse floating rate debt instrument
("inverse floater") resets in the opposite direction from the market rate of
interest to which the inverse floater is indexed. An inverse floater may be
considered to be leveraged to the extent that its interest rate varies by a
magnitude that exceeds the magnitude of the change in the index rate of
interest. The higher degree of leverage inherent in inverse floaters is
associated with greater volatility in their market values. Accordingly, the
duration of an inverse floater may exceed its stated final maturity. Certain
inverse floaters may be deemed to be illiquid securities for purposes of the
Fund's limitation on investments in such securities.
ZERO COUPON BONDS
The Fund may purchase zero coupon bonds, which are debt obligations issued
without any requirement for the periodic payment of interest. Zero coupon bonds
are issued at a significant discount from face value. The discount approximates
the total amount of interest the bonds would accrue and compound over the period
until maturity at a rate of interest reflecting market rate at the time of
issuance. Because interest on zero coupon bonds is not distributed on a current
basis but is, in effect, compounded, zero coupon bonds tend to be subject to
greater market risk than interest paying securities of similar maturities. The
discount represents income, a portion of which the Fund must accrue and
distribute every year even though the Fund receives no payment on the investment
in that year. Zero coupon bonds tend to be more volatile than conventional debt
securities.
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WHEN-ISSUED SECURITIES OR FIRM OR STANDBY COMMITMENT AGREEMENTS
The Fund may from time to time purchase securities on a "when-issued" or
"firm" or "standby commitment" basis. Debt securities, including municipal
bonds, are often issued in this manner. The price of such securities, which may
be expressed in yield terms, is fixed at the time a commitment to purchase is
made, but delivery of and payment for the when-issued securities take place at a
later date. Normally, the settlement date occurs within one month of the
purchase (60 days for municipal bonds and notes). During the period between
purchase and settlement, no payment is made by the Fund and no interest accrues
to the Fund. To the extent that assets of the Fund are held in cash pending the
settlement of a purchase of securities, the Fund would earn no income; however,
it is the Fund's intention that the Fund will be fully invested to the extent
practicable and subject to the policies stated herein. Although when-issued or
firm or standby commitment securities may be sold prior to the settlement date,
the Fund intends to purchase such securities with the purpose of actually
acquiring them unless a sale appears desirable for investment reasons.
At the time the Trust makes the commitment on behalf of a Fund to purchase
a security on a when-issued or firm or standby commitment basis, it will record
the transaction and reflect the amount due and the value of the security in
determining the Fund's net asset value. The market value of the when-issued or
firm or standby commitment security may be more or less than the purchase price
payable at the settlement date. The Trustees do not believe that the Fund's net
asset value or income will be exposed to additional risk by the purchase of
securities on a when-issued or firm or standby commitment basis. The Fund will
establish a segregated account consisting of liquid assets at least equal in
value to commitments to purchase securities on a when-issued, firm or standby
commitment. Such segregated securities either will mature or, if necessary, be
sold on or before the settlement date.
MORTGAGE-RELATED AND OTHER ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES
Mortgage-related securities are interests in pools of residential or
commercial mortgage loans or leases, including mortgage loans made by savings
and loan institutions, mortgage bankers, commercial banks and others. Pools of
mortgage loans are assembled as securities for sale to investors by various
governmental, government-related and private organizations (see "Mortgage Pass-
Through Securities"). The Fund, to the extent permitted in the Prospectus, may
also invest in debt securities which are secured with collateral consisting of
mortgage-related securities (see "Collateralized Mortgage Obligations"), and in
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other types of mortgage-related securities. Like other fixed-income securities,
when interest rates rise, the value of a mortgage-related security generally
will decline; however, when interest rates are declining, the value of a
mortgage-related security with prepayment features may not increase as much as
other fixed-income securities.
MORTGAGE PASS-THROUGH SECURITIES Interests in pools of mortgage-related
--------------------------------
securities differ from other forms of debt securities, which normally provide
for periodic payment of interest in fixed amounts with principal payments at
maturity or specified call dates. Instead, mortgage pass-through securities
provide a monthly payment which consists of both interest and principal
payments. In effect, these payments are a "pass-through" of the monthly
payments made by the individual borrowers on their residential mortgage loans,
net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of such securities. Additional
payments are caused by repayments of principal resulting from the sale of the
underlying residential property, refinancing or foreclosure, net of fees or
costs which may be incurred. Some mortgage-related securities (such as
securities issued by the GNMA) are described as "modified pass-through." These
securities entitle the holder to receive all interest and principal payments
owed on the mortgage pool, net of certain fees, at the scheduled payment dates
regardless of whether or not the mortgagor actually makes the payment. Some
mortgage pass-through certificates may include securities backed by adjustable-
rate mortgages which bear interest at a rate that will be adjusted periodically.
Payment of principal and interest on some mortgage pass-through securities
(but not the market value of the securities themselves) may be guaranteed by the
full faith and credit of the U.S. government (in the case of securities
guaranteed by GNMA); or guaranteed by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S.
Government (in the case of securities guaranteed by FNMA or FHLMC, which are
supported only by the discretionary authority of the U.S. government to purchase
the agency's obligations). The principal governmental guarantor of mortgage-
related securities is the GNMA. GNMA is a wholly owned U.S. government
corporation within the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development ("HUD").
GNMA is authorized to guarantee, with the full faith and credit of the U.S.
government, the timely payment of principal and interest on securities issued by
institutions approved by GNMA (such a savings and loan institutions, commercial
banks and mortgage bankers) and backed by pools of FHA-insured or VA-guaranteed
mortgages.
Government-related guarantors (i.e., not backed by the full faith and
credit of the U.S. government) include the FNMA and the FHLMC. FNMA is a
government-sponsored corporation owned entirely
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by private stockholders. It is subject to general regulation by the Secretary
of Housing and Urban Development and acts as a government instrumentality under
authority granted by Congress. FNMA purchases conventional (i.e., not insured
or guaranteed by any government agency) residential mortgages from a list of
approved seller/servicers which include state and federally chartered savings
and loan associations, mutual savings banks, commercial banks and credit unions
and mortgage bankers. Pass-through securities issued by FNMA are guaranteed as
to timely payment of principal and interest by FNMA but are not backed by the
full faith and credit of the U.S. government. FNMA is authorized to borrow from
the U.S. Treasury to meet its obligations.
FHLMC was created by Congress in 1970 for the purpose of increasing the
availability of mortgage credit for residential housing. It is a government-
sponsored corporation and acts as a government instrumentality under authority
granted by Congress. FHLMC was formerly owned by the twelve Federal Home Loan
Banks and is now owned entirely by private stockholders. FHLMC issues
Participation Certificates ("Pcs") which represent interests in conventional
mortgages from FHLMC's national portfolio. FHLMC guarantees the timely payment
of interest and collection of principal, but Pcs are not backed by the full
faith and credit of the U.S. government.
If either fixed or variable rate pass-through securities issued by the U.S.
government or its agencies or instrumentalities are developed in the future, the
Fund reserves the right to invest in them.
Commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance
companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary market issuers also create pass-
through pools of conventional residential mortgage loans. Such issuers may, in
addition, be the originators and/or servicers of the underlying mortgage loans
as well as the guarantors of the mortgage-related securities. Pools created by
such non-governmental issuers generally offer a higher rate of interest than
government and government-related pools because there are no direct or indirect
government or agency guarantees of payments in the former pools. However,
timely payment of interest and principal of these pools may be supported by
various forms of insurance or guarantees, including individual loan, title, pool
and hazard insurance and letters of credit. The insurance and guarantees are
issued by governmental entities, private insurers and the mortgage poolers.
Such insurance and guarantees and the creditworthiness of the issuers thereof
will be considered in determining whether a mortgage-related security meets the
Fund's investment quality standards. There can be no assurance that the private
insurers
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or guarantors can meet their obligations under the insurance policies or
guarantee arrangements. The Fund may buy mortgage-related securities without
insurance or guarantees if, through an examination of the loan experience and
practices of the originator/servicers and poolers, the Adviser determines that
the securities meet the Fund's quality standards.
PRIVATELY ISSUED MORTGAGE-RELATED SECURITIES The mortgage-related
--------------------------------------------
securities in which the Fund may invest may be: (i) privately issued securities
which are collateralized by pools of mortgages in which each mortgage is
guaranteed as to payment of principal and interest by an agency or
instrumentality of the U.S. government; (ii) privately issued securities which
are collateralized by pools of mortgages in which payment of principal and
interest is guaranteed by the issuer and such guarantee is collateralized by
U.S. government securities; and (iii) other privately issued securities in which
the proceeds of the issuance are invested in mortgage-backed securities and
payment of the principal and interest is supported by the credit of an agency or
instrumentality of the U.S. government.
Although the market for non-government mortgage pass-through securities is
becoming increasingly liquid, securities issued by certain private organizations
may not be readily marketable. The Fund will not purchase mortgage-related
securities or any other assets which in the Adviser's opinion are illiquid if,
as a result, more than 15% of the value of the Fund's total assets will be
illiquid.
COLLATERALIZED MORTGAGE OBLIGATIONS (CMOS) A CMO is a hybrid between a
------------------------------------------
mortgage-backed bond and a mortgage pass-through security. Interest and prepaid
principal is paid, in most cases, semiannually. CMOs may be collateralized by
whole mortgage loans, but are more typically collateralized by portfolios of
mortgage pass-through securities guaranteed by GNMA, FHLMC, or FNMA and their
income streams.
CMOs are structured into multiple classes, each bearing a different stated
maturity. Actual maturity and average life will depend upon the prepayment
experience of the collateral. CMOs provide for a modified form of call
protection through a de facto breakdown of the underlying pool of mortgages
--------
according to how quickly the loans are repaid. Monthly payment of principal
received from the pool of underlying mortgages, including prepayments, is first
returned to investors holding the shortest maturity class. Investors holding
the longer maturity classes receive principal only after the first class has
been retired. An investor is partially guarded against a sooner than desired
return of principal because of the sequential payments.
B-17
<PAGE>
In a typical CMO transaction, a corporation ("issuer") issues multiple
series (e.g., A, B, C, Z) of CMO bonds ("Bonds"). Proceeds of the Bond Offering
are used to purchase mortgages or mortgage pass-through certificates
("Collateral"). The Collateral is pledged to a third-party trustee as security
for the Bonds. Principal and interest payments from the Collateral are used to
pay principal on the Bonds in the order A, B, C, Z. The Series A, B, and C
Bonds all bear current interest. Interest on the Series Z Bond is accrued and
added to principal and a like amount is paid as principal on the Series A, B or
C Bond currently being paid off. When the Series A, B and C Bonds are paid in
full, interest and principal on the Series Z Bond begins to be paid currently.
With some CMOs, the issuer serves as a conduit to allow loan originators
(primarily builders or savings and loan associations) to borrow against their
loan portfolios.
FHLMC COLLATERALIZED MORTGAGE OBLIGATIONS FHLMC CMOs are debt obligations
-----------------------------------------
of FHLMC issued in multiple classes having different maturity dates which are
secured by the pledge of a pool of conventional mortgage loans purchased by
FHLMC. Unlike FHLMC Pcs, payments of principal and interest on the CMOs are
made semiannually, as opposed to monthly. The amount of principal payable on
each semiannual payment date is determined in accordance with FHLMC's mandatory
sinking fund schedule, which, in turn, is equal to approximately 100% of FHA
prepayment experience applied to the mortgage collateral pool. All sinking fund
payments in the CMOs are allocated to the retirement of the individual classes
of bonds in the order of their stated maturities. Payment of principal on the
mortgage loans in the collateral pool in excess of the amount of FHLMC's minimum
sinking fund obligation for any payment date are paid to the holders of the CMOs
as additional sinking fund payments. Because of the "pass-through" nature of
all principal payments received on the collateral pool in excess of FHLMC's
minimum sinking fund requirement, the rate at which principal of the CMOs is
actually repaid is likely to be such that each class of bonds will be retired in
advance of its scheduled maturity date.
If collection of principal (including prepayments) on the mortgage loans
during any semiannual payment period is not sufficient to meet FHLMC's minimum
sinking fund obligation on the next sinking fund payment date, FHLMC agrees to
make up the deficiency from its general funds.
Criteria for the mortgage loans in the pool backing the CMOs are identical
to those of FHLMC Pcs. FHLMC has the right to substitute collateral in the
event of delinquencies and/or defaults.
B-18
<PAGE>
OTHER MORTGAGE-RELATED SECURITIES Other mortgage-related securities
---------------------------------
include securities other than those described above that directly or indirectly
represent a participation in, or are secured by and payable from, mortgage loans
on real property, including CMO residuals or stripped mortgage-backed
securities, and may be structured in classes with rights to receive varying
proportions of principal and interest. Other mortgage-related securities may be
equity or debt securities issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S.
government or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans,
including savings and loan associations, homebuilders, mortgage banks,
commercial banks, investment banks, partnerships, trusts and special purpose
entities of the foregoing.
CMO RESIDUALS CMO residuals are derivative mortgage securities issued by
-------------
agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government or by private originators
of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations,
homebuilders, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment banks and special
purpose entities of the foregoing.
The cash flow generated by the mortgage assets underlying a series of CMOs
is applied first to make required payments of principal and interest on the
CMOs and second to pay the related administrative expenses of the issuer. The
residual in a CMO structure generally represents the interest in any excess cash
flow remaining after making the foregoing payments. Each payment of such excess
cash flow to a holder of the related CMO residual represents income and/or a
return of capital. The amount of residual cash flow resulting from a CMO will
depend on, among other things, the characteristics of the mortgage assets, the
coupon rate of each class of CMO, prevailing interest rates, the amount of
administrative expenses and the prepayment experience on the mortgage assets.
In particular, the yield to maturity on CMO residuals is extremely sensitive to
prepayments on the related underlying mortgage assets, in the same manner as an
interest-only ("IO") class of stripped mortgage-backed securities. See
"Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities." In addition, if a series of a CMO
includes a class that bears interest at an adjustable rate, the yield to
maturity on the related CMO residual will also be extremely sensitive to changes
in the level of the index upon which interest rate adjustments are based. As
described below with respect to stripped mortgage-backed securities, in certain
circumstances a portfolio may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in a
CMO residual.
CMO residuals are generally purchased and sold by institutional investors
through several investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers. The CMO
residual market has only
B-19
<PAGE>
very recently developed and, accordingly, CMO residuals currently may not have
the liquidity of other more established securities trading in other markets.
Transactions in CMO residuals are generally completed only after careful review
of the characteristics of the securities in question. In addition, CMO
residuals may or, pursuant to an exemption therefrom, may not have been
registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. CMO residuals, whether
or not registered under such Act, may be subject to certain restrictions on
transferability, and may be deemed "illiquid" and subject to the Fund's
limitations on investment in illiquid securities.
Under certain circumstances, the Fund's investment in residual interests in
"real estate mortgage investment conduits" ("REMICs") may cause shareholders of
the Fund to be deemed to have taxable income in addition to their Fund dividends
and distributions and such income may not be eligible to be reduced for tax
purposes by certain deductible amounts, including net operating loss deductions.
In addition, in some cases, the Fund may be required to pay taxes on certain
amounts deemed to be earned from a REMIC residual. Prospective investors may
wish to consult their tax advisors regarding REMIC residual investments by the
Fund.
CMOs and REMICs may offer a higher yield than U.S. government securities,
but they may also be subject to greater price fluctuation and credit risk. In
addition, CMOs and REMICs typically will be issued in a variety of classes or
series, which have different maturities and are retired in sequence. Privately
issued CMOs and REMICs are not government securities nor are they supported in
any way by any governmental agency or instrumentality. In the event of a
default by an issuer of a CMO or a REMIC, there is no assurance that the
collateral securing such CMO or REMIC will be sufficient to pay principal and
interest. It is possible that there will be limited opportunities for trading
CMOs and REMICs in the over-the-counter market, the depth and liquidity of which
will vary from issue to issue and from time to time. Under recent legislation,
holders of "residual" interests in REMICs (including the Fund) could be required
to recognize potential phantom income, as could shareholders (including
unrelated business taxable income for tax-exempt shareholders) of funds that
hold such interests. The Fund will consider this legislation in determining
whether to invest in residual interests.
STRIPPED MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES Stripped mortgage-backed securities
-----------------------------------
("SMBS") are derivative multi-class mortgage securities. SMBS may be issued by
agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government, or by private originators
of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including
B-20
<PAGE>
savings and loan associations, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment
banks and special purpose entities of the foregoing.
SMBS are usually structured with two classes that receive different
proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage
assets. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving some of the
interest and most of the principal from the mortgage assets, while the other
class will receive most of the interest and the remainder of the principal. In
the most extreme case, one class will receive all of the interest (the
interest-only or "IO" class), while the other class will receive all of the
principal (the principal-only or "PO" class). The yield to maturity on an IO
class is extremely sensitive to the rate of principal payments (including
prepayments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of
principal payments may have a material adverse effect on a Fund's yield to
maturity from these securities. If the underlying mortgage assets experience
greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the Fund may fail to fully
recoup its initial investment in these securities even if the security is in one
of the highest rating categories.
Although SMBS are purchased and sold by institutional investors through
several investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers, these securities
were only recently developed. As a result, established trading markets have not
yet developed and, accordingly, these securities may be deemed "illiquid" and
subject to the Fund's limitations on investment in illiquid securities.
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES The value of some
------------------------------------------------
mortgage-backed securities in which the Fund may invest may be particularly
sensitive to changes in prevailing interest rates, and, like the other
investments of the Fund, the ability of the Fund to successfully utilize these
instruments may depend in part upon the ability of an Adviser to forecast
interest rates and other economic factors correctly. If the Adviser incorrectly
forecasts such factors and has taken a position in mortgage-backed securities
that is or becomes contrary to prevailing market trends, the Fund could be
exposed to the risk of a loss.
Investment in mortgage-backed securities poses several risks, including
prepayment, market, and credit risk. Prepayment risk reflects the chance that
borrowers may prepay their mortgages faster than expected, thereby affecting the
investment's average life and perhaps its yield. Whether or not a mortgage loan
is prepaid is almost entirely controlled by the borrower. Borrowers are most
likely to exercise their prepayment options at a time when it is least
advantageous to investors,
B-21
<PAGE>
generally prepaying mortgages as interest rates fall, and slowing payments as
interest rates rise. Besides the effect of prevailing interest rates, the rate
of prepayment and refinancing of mortgages may also be affected by home value
appreciation, ease of the refinancing process and local economic conditions.
Market risk reflects the chance that the price of the security may
fluctuate over time. The price of mortgage-backed securities may be
particularly sensitive to prevailing interest rates, the length of time the
security is expected to be outstanding, and the liquidity of the issue. In a
period of unstable interest rates, there may be decreased demand for certain
types of mortgage-backed securities, and a fund invested in such securities and
wishing to sell them may find it difficult to find a buyer, which may in turn
decrease the price at which they may be sold.
Credit risk reflects the chance that the Fund may not receive all or part
of its principal because the issuer or credit enhancer has defaulted on its
obligations. Obligations issued by U.S. government-related entities are
guaranteed as to the payment of principal and interest, but are not backed by
the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. The performance of private
label mortgage-backed securities, issued by private institutions, is based on
the financial health of those institutions.
OTHER ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES Several types of asset-backed securities
-----------------------------
have already been offered to investors, including CARS/SM/ ("Certificates for
Automobile Receivables/SM/"). CARS/SM/ represent undivided fractional interests
in a trust ("trust") whose assets consist of a pool of motor vehicle retail
installment sales contracts and security interests in the vehicles securing the
contracts. Payments of principal and interest on CARS/SM/ are passed-through
monthly to certificate holders, and are guaranteed up to certain amounts and for
a certain time period by a letter of credit issued by a financial institution
unaffiliated with the trustee or originator of the trust. An investor's return
on CARS/SM/ may be affected by early prepayment of principal on the underlying
vehicle sales contracts. If the letter of credit is exhausted, the trust may be
prevented from realizing the full amount due on a sales contract because of
state law requirements and restrictions relating to foreclosure sales of
vehicles and the obtaining of deficiency judgments following such sales or
because of depreciation, damage or loss of a vehicle, the application of federal
and state bankruptcy and insolvency laws, or other factors. As a result,
certificate holders may experience delays in payments or losses if the letter of
credit is exhausted.
B-22
<PAGE>
The Adviser expects that other asset-backed securities (unrelated to
mortgage loans) will be offered to investors in the future. Consistent with its
investment objectives and policies, the Fund also may invest in other types of
asset-backed securities.
SHORT SALES AGAINST THE BOX
A short sale is a transaction in which the Fund sells through a broker a
security it does not own in anticipation of a possible decline in market price.
A short sale "against the box" is a short sale in which, at the time of the
short sale, the Fund owns or has the right to obtain securities equivalent in
kind and amount. The Fund will only enter into short sales against the box.
The Fund may enter into a short sale against the box among other reasons, to
hedge against a possible market decline in the value of the security owned or to
defer recognition of a gain or loss for federal income tax purposes on the
security owned by the Fund. If the value of a security sold short against the
box increases, the Fund would suffer a loss when it purchases or delivers to the
selling broker the security sold short. The proceeds of the short sale are
retained by the broker pursuant to applicable margin rules. In addition, the
Fund may segregate assets, equal in value to 50% of the value of the short sale,
in a special account with the Fund's custodian. The segregated assets are
pledged to the broker pursuant to applicable margin rules. If a broker, with
which the Fund has open short sales, were to become bankrupt, the Fund could
experience losses or delays in recovering gains on short sales. The Fund will
only enter into short sales against the box with brokers the Adviser believes
are creditworthy. Short sales against the box will be limited to no more than
25% of the Fund's net assets.
OPTIONS ON SECURITIES
WRITING CALL OPTIONS The Fund may sell ("write") covered call options on
--------------------
its portfolio securities in an attempt to enhance investment performance. A
call option sold by the Fund is a short-term contract, having a duration of nine
months or less, which gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and
imposes on the writer of the option--in return for a premium received--the
obligation to sell, the underlying security at the exercise price upon the
exercise of the option at any time prior to the expiration date, regardless of
the market price of the security during the option period. A call option may be
covered by, among other things, the writer's owning the underlying security
throughout the option period, or by holding, on a share-for-share basis, a call
on the same security as the call written, where the exercise price of the call
held is equal to or less than the price of the call written, or greater than the
B-23
<PAGE>
exercise price of a call written if the difference is maintained by the Fund in
liquid assets in a segregated account with its custodian.
The Fund will write covered call options both to reduce the risks
associated with certain of its investments and to increase total investment
return through the receipt of premiums. In return for the premium income, the
Fund will give up the opportunity to profit from an increase in the market price
of the underlying security above the exercise price so long as its obligations
under the contract continue. Moreover, in writing the call option, the Fund
will retain the risk of loss should the price of the security decline. The
premium is intended to offset such loss in whole or in part. The Fund, in
writing call options, must assume that the call may be exercised at any time
prior to the expiration, and that in such circumstances the net proceeds
realized from the sale of the underlying securities pursuant to the call may be
substantially below the prevailing market price. Covered call options and the
securities underlying such options will be listed on national securities
exchanges, except for certain transactions in options on debt securities and
foreign securities.
The Fund may protect itself from further losses due to a decline in value
of the underlying security or from the loss of ability to profit from
appreciation by buying an identical option, in which case the purchase cost may
offset the premium. In order to do this, the Fund makes a "closing purchase
transaction"--the purchase of a call option on the same security with the same
exercise price and expiration date as the covered call option which it has
previously written on any particular security. The Fund will realize a gain or
loss from a closing purchase transaction if the amount paid to purchase a call
option in a closing transaction is less or more than the amount received from
the sale of the covered call option. Also, because increases in the market
price of a call option will generally reflect increases in the market price of
the underlying security, any loss resulting from the closing out of a call
option is likely to be offset in whole or in part by unrealized appreciation of
the underlying security owned by the Fund. When a security is to be sold from
the Fund's portfolio, the Fund will first effect a closing purchase transaction
so as to close out any existing covered call option on that security.
A closing purchase transaction may be made only on a national or foreign
securities exchange (an "Exchange") which provides a secondary market for an
option with the same exercise price and expiration date except as discussed
below. There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market on an Exchange or
otherwise will exist for any particular option, or at any
B-24
<PAGE>
particular time, and for some options no secondary market on an Exchange or
otherwise may exist. If the Fund is unable to effect a closing purchase
transaction involving an exchange-traded option, the Fund will not sell the
underlying security until the option expires or the Fund delivers the underlying
security upon exercise. A closing purchase transaction for an over-the-counter
option may be made only with the other party to the option. Once an option
writer has received an exercise notice, it cannot effect a closing purchase
transaction in order to terminate its obligation under the option and must
deliver or purchase the underlying securities at the exercise price.
The Fund pays brokerage commissions and dealer spreads in connection with
writing covered call options and effecting closing purchase transactions, as
well as for purchases and sales of underlying securities. The writing of
covered call options could result in significant increases in the Fund's
portfolio turnover rate, especially during periods when market prices of the
underlying securities appreciate. Subject to the limitation that all call and
put option writing transactions be covered, the Fund may, to the extent
determined appropriate by the Adviser, engage without limitation in the writing
of call options on U.S. government securities.
WRITING PUT OPTIONS The Fund may also write covered put options. A put
-------------------
option written by the Fund is "covered" if the Fund maintains liquid assets with
a value equal to the exercise price in a segregated account with its custodian.
A put option is also "covered" if the Fund holds on a share-for-share basis a
put on the same security as the put written, where the exercise price of the put
held is equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put written, or less
than the exercise price of the put written if the difference is maintained by
the Fund in liquid assets in a segregated account with its custodian.
The premium which the Fund receives from writing a put option will reflect,
among other things, the current market price of the underlying security, the
relationship of the exercise price to such market price, the historical price
volatility of the underlying security, the option period, supply and demand and
interest rates.
A covered put writer assumes the risk that the market price for the
underlying security will fall below the exercise price, in which case the writer
could be required to purchase the security at a higher price than the then-
current market price of the security. In both cases, the writer has no control
over the time when it may be required to fulfill its obligation as a writer of
the option.
B-25
<PAGE>
The Fund may effect a closing purchase transaction to realize a profit on
an outstanding put option or to prevent an outstanding put option from being
exercised. The Fund also may effect a closing purchase transaction, in the case
of a put option, to permit the Fund to maintain its holdings of the deposited
U.S. Treasury obligations, to write another put option to the extent that the
exercise price thereof is secured by the deposited U.S. Treasury obligations, or
to utilize the proceeds from the sale of such obligations to make other
investments.
If the Fund is able to enter into a closing purchase transaction, the Fund
will realize a profit or loss from such transaction if the cost of such
transaction is less or more than the premium received from the writing of the
option, respectively. After writing a put option, the Fund may incur a loss
equal to the difference between the exercise price of the option and the sum of
the market value of the underlying security plus the premium received from the
sale of the option.
In addition, the Fund may also write or invest in straddles (combinations
of covered puts and calls on the same underlying security). The extent to which
the Fund may write covered put and call options and enter into so-called
"straddle" transactions involving put or call options may be limited by the
requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code") for
qualification as a regulated investment company and the Fund's intention that it
qualify as such. Subject to the limitation that all call and put option writing
transactions be covered, the Fund may, to the extent determined appropriate by
the Adviser, engage without limitation in the writing of put options on U.S.
government securities.
PURCHASING OPTIONS The Fund may purchase put or call options which are
------------------
traded on an Exchange or in the over-the-counter market. Options traded in the
over-the-counter market may not be as actively traded as those listed on an
Exchange. Accordingly, it may be more difficult to value such options and to be
assured that they can be closed out at any time. The Fund will engage in such
transactions only with firms the Adviser deems to be of sufficient
creditworthiness so as to minimize these risks.
The Fund may purchase put options on securities to protect its holdings in
an underlying or related security against a substantial decline in market value.
Securities are considered related if their price movements generally correlate
with one another. The Fund would buy a put option in anticipation of a decline
in the market value of such securities. The purchase of a put option would
entitle the Fund, in exchange for the premium paid, to sell a security at a
specified price upon exercise of
B-26
<PAGE>
the option during the option period. The purchase of put options on securities
held in the portfolio or related to such securities will enable the Fund to
preserve, at least partially, unrealized gains occurring prior to the purchase
of the option on a portfolio security without actually selling the security. In
addition, the Fund will continue to receive interest or dividend income on the
security. The put options purchased by the Fund may include, but are not
limited to, "protective puts" in which the security to be sold is identical or
substantially identical to a security already held by the Fund or to a security
which the Fund has the right to purchase. The Fund would ordinarily recognize a
gain if the value of the securities decreased during the option period below the
exercise price sufficiently to cover the premium. The Fund would recognize a
loss if the value of the securities remained above the difference between the
exercise price and the premium.
The Fund may also purchase call options on securities the Fund intends to
purchase to protect against substantial increases in prices of such securities
pending their ability to invest in an orderly manner in such securities. The
purchase of a call option would entitle the Fund, in exchange for the premium
paid, to purchase a security at a specified price upon exercise of the option
during the option period. The Fund would ordinarily realize a gain if the value
of the securities increased during the option period above the exercise price
sufficiently to cover the premium. The Fund would have a loss if the value of
the securities remained below the sum of the premium and the exercise price
during the option period. In order to terminate an option position, the Fund
may sell put or call options identical to those previously purchased, which
could result in a net gain or loss depending on whether the amount received on
the sale is more or less than the premium and other transaction costs paid on
the put or call option when it was purchased.
SPECIAL RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH OPTIONS ON SECURITIES Exchange markets in
---------------------------------------------------
U.S. government securities options are a relatively new and untested concept,
and it is impossible to predict the amount of trading interest that may exist
in such options. The same types of risk apply to over-the-counter trading in
options. There can be no assurance that viable markets will develop or continue
in the United States or abroad.
If a put or call option purchased by the Fund is not sold when it has
remaining value, and if the market price of the underlying security, in the case
of a put, remains equal to or greater than the exercise price, or, in the case
of a call, remains less than or equal to the exercise price, the Fund will not
be able to exercise profitably the option and will lose its entire investment in
the option. Also, the price of a put or
B-27
<PAGE>
call option purchased to hedge against price movements in a related security may
move more or less than the price of the related security.
The hours of trading for options on securities may not conform to the hours
during which the underlying securities are traded. To the extent that the
options markets close before the markets for the underlying securities,
significant price and rate movements can take place in the underlying markets
that cannot be reflected in the options markets.
OPTIONS ON FOREIGN CURRENCIES The Fund may, to the extent it invests in
-----------------------------
foreign securities, purchase and write options on foreign currencies for hedging
purposes in a manner similar to that of the Fund's transactions in currency
futures contracts or forward contracts. For example, a decline in the dollar
value of a foreign currency in which portfolio securities are denominated will
reduce the dollar value of such securities, even if their value in the foreign
currency remains constant. In order to protect against such declines in the
value of portfolio securities, the Fund may purchase put options on the foreign
currency. If the value of the currency does decline, the Fund will have the
right to sell such currency for a fixed amount of dollars which exceeds the
market value of such currency, resulting in a gain that may offset, in whole or
in part, the negative effect of currency depreciation on the value of the Fund's
securities denominated in that currency.
Conversely, if a rise in the dollar value of a currency in which securities
to be acquired are denominated is projected, thereby increasing the cost of such
securities, the Fund may purchase call options on such currency. If the value
of such currency does increase, the purchase of such call options would enable
the Fund to purchase currency for a fixed amount of dollars which is less than
the market value of such currency, resulting in a gain that may offset, at least
partially, the effect of any currency-related increase in the price of
securities the Fund intends to acquire. As in the case of other types of
options transactions, however, the benefit the Fund derives from purchasing
foreign currency options will be reduced by the amount of the premium and
related transaction costs. In addition, if currency exchange rates do not move
in the direction or to the extent anticipated, the Fund could sustain losses on
transactions in foreign currency options which would deprive it of a portion or
all of the benefits of advantageous changes in such rates.
The Fund may also write options on foreign currencies for hedging purposes.
For example, if the Fund anticipates a decline in the dollar value of foreign
currency-denominated securities
B-28
<PAGE>
due to declining exchange rates, it could, instead of purchasing a put option,
write a call option on the relevant currency. If the expected decline occurs,
the option will most likely not be exercised, and the decrease in value of
portfolio securities will be offset by the amount of the premium received by the
Fund.
Similarly, instead of purchasing a call option to hedge against an
anticipated increase in the dollar cost of securities to be acquired, the Fund
could write a put option on the relevant currency. If rates move in the manner
projected, the put option will expire unexercised and allow the Fund to offset
such increased cost up to the amount of the premium. As in the case of other
types of options transactions, however, the writing of a foreign currency option
will constitute only a partial hedge up to the amount of the premium, and only
if rates move in the expected direction. If unanticipated exchange rate
fluctuations occur, the option may be exercised and the Fund would be required
to purchase or sell the underlying currency at a loss which may not be fully
offset by the amount of the premium. As a result of writing options on foreign
currencies, the Fund also may be required to forgo all or a portion of the
benefits which might otherwise have been obtained from favorable movements in
currency exchange rates.
A call option written on foreign currency by the Fund is "covered" if the
Fund owns the underlying foreign currency subject to the call or securities
denominated in that currency or has an absolute and immediate right to acquire
that foreign currency without additional cash consideration (or for additional
consideration held in a segregated account by its custodian) upon conversion or
exchange of other foreign currency held in its portfolio. A call option is also
covered if the Fund holds a call on the same foreign currency for the same
principal amount as the call written where the exercise price of the call held
(a) is equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written or (b) is
greater than the exercise price of the call written if the amount of the
difference is maintained by the Fund in liquid assets in a segregated account
with its custodian.
SECURITIES INDEX OPTIONS
The Fund may purchase call and put options on securities indexes for the
purpose of hedging against the risk of unfavorable price movements which may
adversely affecting the value of a Fund's securities.
Unlike a securities option, which gives the holder the right to purchase or
sell specified securities at a specified price, an option on a securities index
gives the holder the right to receive a cash "exercise settlement amount" equal
to (i) the
B-29
<PAGE>
difference between the value of the underlying securities index on the exercise
date and the exercise price of the option, multiplied by (ii) a fixed "index
multiplier." In exchange for undertaking the obligation to make such a cash
payment, the writer of the securities index option receives a premium.
A securities index fluctuates with changes in the market values of the
securities included in the index. For example, some securities index options
are based on a broad market index such as the S&P 500 Composite Price Index or
the N.Y.S.E. Composite Index, or a narrower market index such as the S&P 100
Index. Indexes may also be based on an industry or market segment such as the
AMEX Oil and Gas Index or the Computer and Business Equipment Index. Options on
stock indexes are currently traded on the following exchanges, among others:
The Chicago Board Options Exchange, New York Stock Exchange, and American Stock
Exchange.
The effectiveness of hedging through the purchase of securities index
options will depend upon the extent to which price movements in the portion of
the securities portfolio being hedged correlate with price movements in the
selected securities index. Perfect correlation is not possible because the
securities held or to be acquired by the Fund will not exactly match the
securities represented in the securities indexes on which options are based. In
addition, the purchase of securities index options involves essentially the same
risks as the purchase of options on futures contracts. The principal risk is
that the premium and transaction costs paid by the Fund in purchasing an option
will be lost as a result of unanticipated movements in prices of the securities
comprising the securities index on which the option is based. Gains or losses
on the Fund's transactions in securities index options depend on price movements
in the securities market generally (or, for narrow market indexes, in a
particular industry or segment of the market) rather than the price movements of
individual securities held by the Fund. In this respect, purchasing a
securities index put (or call) option is analogous to the purchase of a put (or
call) on a securities index futures contract.
The Fund may sell securities index options prior to expiration in order to
close out its positions in securities index options which it has purchased. The
Fund may also allow options to expire unexercised.
FUTURES TRANSACTIONS
The Fund may purchase and sell futures contracts on debt securities and on
indexes of debt securities to hedge against anticipated changes in interest
rates that might otherwise have
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an adverse effect upon the value of the Fund's portfolio securities. The Fund
may also enter into such futures contracts in order to lengthen or shorten the
average maturity or duration of the Fund's portfolio. For example, the Fund may
purchase futures contracts as a substitute for the purchase of longer-term debt
securities to lengthen the average duration of the Fund's portfolio of fixed-
income securities. The Fund may also purchase and sell other futures when
deemed appropriate, in order to hedge the equity or non-equity portions of its
portfolio. In addition, the Fund may enter into contracts for the future
delivery of foreign currencies to hedge against changes in currency exchange
rates. The Fund may also purchase and write put and call options on futures
contracts of the type into which the Fund is authorized to enter and may engage
in related closing transactions. In the United States, all such futures on debt
securities, debt index futures, stock index futures, foreign currency futures
and related options will be traded on exchanges that are regulated by the
Commodity Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC"). Subject to applicable CFTC rules,
the Fund also may enter into futures contracts traded on the following foreign
futures exchanges: Frankfurt, Tokyo, London and Paris, as long as trading on the
aforesaid foreign futures exchanges does not subject the Fund to risks that are
materially greater than the risks associated with trading on U.S. exchanges.
A futures contract is an agreement to buy or sell a security or currency
(or to deliver a final cash settlement price in the case of a contract relating
to an index or otherwise not calling for physical delivery at the end of trading
in the contracts), for a set price at a future date. When interest rates are
changing and portfolio values are falling, futures contracts can offset a
decline in the value of the Fund's current portfolio securities. When interest
rates are changing and portfolio values are rising, the purchase of futures
contracts can secure better effective rates or prices for the Fund than might
later be available in the market when the Fund makes anticipated purchases. In
the United States, futures contracts are traded on boards of trade which have
been designated "contract markets" by the CFTC. Futures contracts trade on
these markets through an "open outcry" auction on the exchange floor.
Currently, there are futures contracts based on a variety of instruments,
indexes and currencies, including long-term U.S. Treasury bonds, Treasury notes,
GNMA certificates, three-month U.S. Treasury bills, three-month domestic bank
certificates of deposit, a municipal bond index and various stock indexes.
When a purchase or sale of a futures contract is made by the Fund, the Fund
is required to deposit with its custodian (or broker, if legally permitted) a
specified amount of cash or U.S. government securities ("initial margin"). The
margin required for a futures contract is set by the exchange on which the
contract is traded and may be modified during the term of the contract. The
initial margin is in the nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit on
the futures contract which is returned to the Fund upon termination of the
contract assuming
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all contractual obligations have been satisfied. The Fund expects to earn
interest income on its initial margin deposits. A futures contract held by the
Fund is valued daily at the official settlement price of the exchange on which
it is traded. Each day the Fund pays or receives cash, called "variation
margin," equal to the daily change in value of the futures contract. This
process is known as "marking-to-market." Variation margin does not represent a
borrowing or loan by the Fund but is instead a settlement between the Fund and
the broker of the amount one would owe the other if the futures contract
expired. In computing daily net asset value, the Fund will mark-to-market its
open futures positions.
The Fund is also required to deposit and maintain margin with respect to
put and call options on futures contracts written by it. Such margin deposits
will vary depending on the nature of the underlying futures contract (and the
related initial margin requirements), the current market value of the option,
and other futures positions held by the Fund.
Positions taken in the futures markets are not normally held until delivery
or final cash settlement is required, but are instead liquidated through
offsetting transactions which may result in a gain or a loss. While futures
positions taken by the Fund will usually be liquidated in this manner, the Fund
may instead make or take delivery of underlying securities or currencies
whenever it appears economically advantageous to the Fund to do so. A clearing
organization associated with the exchange on which futures are traded assumes
responsibility for closing-out transactions and guarantees that as between the
clearing members of an exchange, the sale and purchase obligations will be
performed with regard to all positions that remain open at the termination of
the contract.
FUTURES ON DEBT SECURITIES A futures contract on a debt security is a
--------------------------
binding contractual commitment which, if held to maturity, will result in an
obligation to make or accept delivery, during a particular future month, of
securities having a standardized face value and rate of return. By purchasing
futures on debt securities--assuming a "long" position--the Fund will legally
obligate itself to accept the future delivery of the underlying security and pay
the agreed-upon price. By selling futures on debt securities--assuming a
"short" position--it will legally obligate itself to make the future delivery of
the security against payment of the agreed-upon price. Open futures positions
on debt securities will be valued at the most recent settlement price, unless
such price does not appear to the Adviser to reflect the fair value of the
contract, in which case the positions will be valued under the direction of the
Trustees.
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Hedging by use of futures on debt securities seeks to establish, more
certainly than would otherwise be possible, the effective rate of return on
portfolio securities. The Fund may, for example, take a "short" position in the
futures market by selling contracts for the future delivery of debt securities
held by the Fund (or securities having characteristics similar to those held by
the Fund) in order to hedge against an anticipated rise in interest rates that
would adversely affect the value of the Fund's portfolio securities. When
hedging of this character is successful, any depreciation in the value of
portfolio securities will be substantially offset by appreciation in the value
of the futures position.
On other occasions, the Fund may take a "long" position by purchasing
futures on debt securities. This would be done, for example, when the Fund
intends to purchase particular securities and it has the necessary cash, but
expects the rate of return available in the securities markets at that time to
be less favorable than rates currently available in the futures markets. If the
anticipated rise in the price of the securities should occur (with its
concomitant reduction in yield), the increased cost to the Fund of purchasing
the securities will be offset, at least to some extent, by the rise in the value
of the futures position taken in anticipation of the subsequent securities
purchase. The Fund may also purchase futures contracts as a substitute for the
purchase of longer-term securities to lengthen the average duration of the
Fund's portfolio.
The Fund could accomplish similar results by selling securities with long
maturities and investing in securities with short maturities when interest rates
are expected to increase or by buying securities with long maturities and
selling securities with short maturities when interest rates are expected to
decline. However, by using futures contracts as a risk management technique,
given the greater liquidity in the futures market than in the cash market, it
may be possible to accomplish the same result more easily and more quickly.
SECURITIES INDEX FUTURES A securities index futures contract does not
------------------------
require the physical delivery of securities, but merely provides for profits and
losses resulting from changes in the market value of the contract to be credited
or debited at the close of each trading day to the respective accounts of the
parties to the contract. On the contract's expiration date a final cash
settlement occurs and the futures positions are simply closed out. Changes in
the market value of a particular stock index futures contract reflect changes in
the specified index of equity securities on which the contract is based. A
stock index is designed to reflect overall price trends in the market for equity
securities.
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Stock index futures may be used to hedge the equity portion of the Fund's
securities portfolio with regard to market (systematic) risk, as distinguished
from stock-specific risk. The Fund may enter into stock index futures to the
extent that it has equity securities in its portfolio. Similarly, the Fund may
enter into futures on debt securities indexes (including the municipal bond
index). By establishing an appropriate "short" position in securities index
futures, the Fund may seek to protect the value of its portfolio against an
overall decline in the market for securities. Alternatively, in anticipation of
a generally rising market, the Fund can seek to avoid losing the benefit of
apparently low current prices by establishing a "long" position in securities
index futures and later liquidating that position as particular securities are
in fact acquired. To the extent that these hedging strategies are successful,
the Fund will be affected to a lesser degree by adverse overall market price
movements, unrelated to the merits of specific portfolio securities, than would
otherwise be the case. The Fund may also purchase futures on debt securities or
indexes as a substitute for the purchase of longer-term debt securities to
lengthen the average duration of the Fund's debt portfolio.
CURRENCY FUTURES A sale of a currency futures contract creates an
----------------
obligation by the Fund, as seller, to deliver the amount of currency called for
in the contract at a specified future time for a specified price. A purchase of
a currency futures contract creates an obligation by the Fund, as purchaser, to
take delivery of an amount of currency at a specified future time at a specified
price. The Fund may sell a currency futures contract, if the Adviser
anticipates that exchange rates for a particular currency will fall, as a hedge
against a decline in the value of the Fund's securities denominated in such
currency. If the Adviser anticipates that exchange rates will rise, the Fund
may purchase a currency futures contract to protect against an increase in the
price of securities denominated in a particular currency the Fund intends to
purchase. Although the terms of currency futures contracts specify actual
delivery or receipt, in most instances the contracts are closed out before the
settlement date without the making or taking of delivery of the currency.
Closing out of a currency futures contract is effected by entering into an
offsetting purchase or sale transaction. To offset a currency futures contract
sold by the Fund, the Fund purchases a currency futures contract for the same
aggregate amount of currency and delivery date. If the price in the sale
exceeds the price in the offsetting purchase, the Fund is immediately paid the
difference. Similarly, to close out a currency futures contract purchased by
the Fund, the Fund sells a currency futures contract. If the offsetting sale
price exceeds the purchase price, the Fund realizes a gain, and if the
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offsetting sale price is less than the purchase price, the Fund realizes a loss.
A risk in employing currency futures contracts to protect against the price
volatility of portfolio securities denominated in a particular currency is that
changes in currency exchange rates or in the value of the futures position may
correlate imperfectly with changes in the cash prices of the Fund's securities.
The degree of correlation may be distorted by the fact that the currency
futures market may be dominated by short-term traders seeking to profit from
changes in exchange rates. This would reduce the value of such contracts for
hedging purposes over a short-term period. Such distortions are generally minor
and would diminish as the contract approached maturity. Another risk is that
the Adviser could be incorrect in its expectation as to the direction or extent
of various exchange rate movements or the time span within which the movements
take place.
OPTIONS ON FUTURES For bona fide hedging and other appropriate risk
------------------
management purposes, the Fund also may purchase and write call and put options
on futures contracts which are traded on exchanges that are licensed and
regulated by the CFTC for the purpose of options trading, or, subject to
applicable CFTC rules, on foreign exchanges. The Fund also may engage in
related closing transactions with respect to options on futures. A "call"
option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right, in return for the
premium paid, to purchase a futures contract (assume a "long" position) at a
specified exercise price at any time before the option expires. A "put" option
gives the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to sell a futures
contract (assume a "short" position), for a specified exercise price at any time
before the option expires.
Upon the exercise of a "call," the writer of the option is obligated to
sell the futures contract (to deliver a "long" position to the option holder) at
the option exercise price, which will presumably be lower than the current
market price of the contract in the futures market. Upon exercise of a "put,"
the writer of the option is obligated to purchase the futures contract (deliver
a "short" position to the option holder) at the option exercise price, which
will presumably be higher than the current market price of the contract in the
futures market. When an entity exercises an option and assumes a "long" futures
position, in the case of a "call," or a "short" futures position, in the case of
a "put," its gain will be credited to its futures margin account, while the loss
suffered by the writer of the option will be debited to its account. However,
as with the trading of futures, most participants in the options markets do not
seek to realize their gains or losses by exercise of their
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option rights. Instead, the writer or holder of an option will usually realize
a gain or loss by buying or selling an offsetting option at a market price that
will reflect an increase or a decrease from the premium originally paid.
Options on futures contracts can be used by the Fund to hedge substantially
the same risks and for the same duration and risk management purposes as might
be addressed or served by the direct purchase or sale of the underlying futures
contracts. If the Fund purchases an option on a futures contract, it may obtain
benefits similar to those that would result if it held the futures position
itself.
The purchase of put options on futures contracts is a means of hedging the
Fund's portfolio against the risk of rising interest rates, declining securities
prices or declining exchange rates for a particular currency. The purchase of a
call option on a futures contract represents a means of hedging against a market
advance affecting securities prices or currency exchange rates when the Fund is
not fully invested or of lengthening the average maturity or duration of the
Fund's portfolio. Depending on the pricing of the option compared to either the
futures contract upon which it is based or upon the price of the underlying
securities or currencies, it may or may not be less risky than ownership of the
futures contract or underlying securities or currencies.
In contrast to a futures transaction, in which only transaction costs are
involved, benefits received in an option transaction will be reduced by the
amount of the premium paid as well as by transaction costs. In the event of an
adverse market movement, however, the Fund will not be subject to a risk of loss
on the option transaction beyond the price of the premium it paid plus its
transaction costs, and may consequently benefit from a favorable movement in the
value of its portfolio securities or the currencies in which such securities are
denominated that would have been more completely offset if the hedge had been
effected through the use of futures.
If the Fund writes options on futures contracts, the Fund will receive a
premium but will assume a risk of adverse movement in the price of the
underlying futures contract comparable to that involved in holding a futures
position. If the option is not exercised, the Fund will realize a gain in the
amount of the premium, which may partially offset unfavorable changes in the
value of securities held by or to be acquired for the Fund. If the option is
exercised, the Fund will incur a loss in the option transaction, which will be
reduced by the amount of the premium it has received, but which may partially
offset favorable changes
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in the value of its portfolio securities or the currencies in which such
securities are denominated.
The writing of a call option on a futures contract constitutes a partial
hedge against declining prices of the underlying securities or the currencies in
which such securities are denominated. If the futures price at expiration is
below the exercise price, the Fund will retain the full amount of the option
premium, which provides a partial hedge against any decline that may have
occurred in the Fund's holdings of securities or the currencies in which such
securities are denominated.
The writing of a put option on a futures contract is analogous to the
purchase of a futures contract. For example, if the Fund writes a put option on
a futures contract on debt securities related to securities that the Fund
expects to acquire and the market price of such securities increases, the net
cost to a Fund of the debt securities acquired by it will be reduced by the
amount of the option premium received. Of course, if market prices have
declined, the Fund's purchase price upon exercise may be greater than the price
at which the debt securities might be purchased in the securities market.
While the holder or writer of an option on a futures contract may normally
terminate its position by selling or purchasing an offsetting option of the same
series, the Fund's ability to establish and close out options positions at
fairly established prices will be subject to the maintenance of a liquid market.
The Fund will not purchase or write options on futures contracts unless the
market for such options has sufficient liquidity such that the risks associated
with such options transactions are not at unacceptable levels.
LIMITATIONS ON PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUTURES CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS ON
--------------------------------------------------------------------
FUTURES CONTRACTS In general, the Fund will engage in transactions in futures
- -----------------
contracts and related options only for bona fide hedging and other appropriate
risk management purposes, and not for speculation. The Fund will not enter into
a futures contract or futures option contract if, immediately thereafter, the
aggregate initial margin deposits relating to such positions plus premiums paid
by it for open futures option positions, less the amount by which any such
options are "in-the-money," would exceed 5% of the Fund's total assets. With
respect to positions in futures and related options that do not constitute bona
fide hedging positions, the Fund will not enter into a futures contract or
futures option contract if, immediately thereafter, the aggregate initial margin
deposits relating to such positions plus premiums paid by it for open futures
option positions, less the amount by which any such options are "in-the-money,"
would
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exceed 5% of the Fund's total assets. A call option is "in-the-money" if the
value of the futures contract that is the subject of the option exceeds the
exercise price. A put option is "in-the-money" if the exercise price exceeds
the value of the futures contract that is the subject of the option.
When purchasing a futures contract, the Fund will maintain with its
custodian (and mark-to-market on a daily basis) liquid assets that, when added
to the amounts deposited with a futures commission merchant as margin, are equal
to the market value of the futures contract. Alternatively, the Fund may
"cover" its position by purchasing a put option on the same futures contract
with a strike price as high or higher than the price of the contract held by the
Fund.
When selling a futures contract, the Fund will maintain with its custodian
(and mark-to-market on a daily basis) liquid assets that, when added to the
amount deposited with a futures commission merchant as margin, are equal to the
market value of the instruments underlying the contract. Alternatively, the
Fund may "cover" its position by owning the instruments underlying the contract
(or, in the case of an index futures contract, a portfolio with a volatility
substantially similar to that of the index on which the futures contract is
based), or by holding a call option permitting the Fund to purchase the same
futures contract at a price no higher than the price of the contract written by
the Fund (or at a higher price if the difference is maintained in liquid assets
with the Fund's custodian).
When selling a call option on a futures contract, the Fund will maintain
with its custodian (and mark-to-market on a daily basis) liquid assets that,
when added to the amounts deposited with a futures commission merchant as
margin, equal the total market value of the futures contract underlying the call
option. Alternatively, the Fund may cover its position by entering into a long
position in the same futures contract at a price no higher than the strike price
of the call option, by owning the instruments underlying the futures contract,
or by holding a separate call option permitting the Fund to purchase the same
futures contract at a price not higher than the strike price of the call option
sold by the Fund.
When selling a put option on a futures contract, the Fund will maintain
with its custodian (and mark-to-market on a daily basis) liquid assets that
equal the purchase price of the futures contract, less any margin on deposit.
Alternatively, the Fund may cover the position either by entering into a short
position in the same futures contract, or by owning a separate put option
permitting it to sell the same futures contract so long as the
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strike price of the purchased put option is the same or higher than the strike
price of the put option sold by the Fund.
The requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company also
may limit the extent to which the Fund may enter into futures, futures options
or forward contracts. See "Tax Status."
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH FUTURES AND FUTURES OPTIONS There are several risks
-------------------------------------------------
associated with the use of futures contracts and futures options as hedging
techniques. A purchase or sale of a futures contract may result in losses in
excess of the amount invested in the futures contract. There can be no
guarantee that there will be a correlation between price movements in the
hedging vehicle and in the Fund's securities being hedged. In addition, there
are significant differences between the securities and futures markets that
could result in an imperfect correlation between the markets, causing a given
hedge not to achieve its objectives. The degree of imperfection of correlation
depends on circumstances such as variations in speculative market demand for
futures and futures options on securities, including technical influences in
futures trading and futures options, and differences between the financial
instruments being hedged and the instruments underlying the standard contracts
available for trading in such respects as interest rate levels, maturities, and
creditworthiness of issuers. A decision as to whether, when and how to hedge
involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and even a well-conceived hedge may
be unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected interest
rate trends.
Futures exchanges may limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in certain
futures contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit
establishes the maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary
either up or down from the previous day's settlement price at the end of the
current trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a futures
contract subject to the limit, no more trades may be made on that day at a price
beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movements during a
particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses because the
limit may work to prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. For
example, futures prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several
consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt
liquidation of positions and subjecting some holders of futures contracts to
substantial losses.
There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist at a time when
the Fund seeks to close out a futures or a futures
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option position, and the Fund would remain obligated to meet margin requirements
until the position is closed. In addition, many of the contracts discussed
above are relatively new instruments without a significant trading history. As
a result, there can be no assurance that an active secondary market will develop
or continue to exist. If the price of a futures contract changes more than the
price of the securities or currencies, the Fund will experience either a loss or
a gain on the futures contracts which will not be completely offset by changes
in the price of the securities or currencies which are the subject of the hedge.
In addition, it is not possible to hedge fully or perfectly against currency
fluctuations affecting the value of securities denominated in foreign currencies
because the value of such securities is likely to fluctuate as a result of
independent factors not related to currency fluctuations.
SWAP AGREEMENTS
The Fund may enter into interest rate, index and currency exchange rate
swap agreements for purposes of attempting to obtain a particular desired return
at a lower cost to the Fund than if the Fund had invested directly in an
instrument that yielded that desired return or for other portfolio management
purposes. Swap agreements are two party contracts entered into primarily by
institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one
year. In a standard "swap" transaction, two parties agree to exchange the
returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular
predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or
"swapped" between the parties are calculated with respect to a "notional
amount," i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount
----
invested at a particular interest rate, in a particular foreign currency, or in
a "basket" of securities representing a particular index. The "notional amount"
of the swap agreement is only a fictive basis on which to calculate the
obligations which the parties to a swap agreement have agreed to exchange. The
Fund's obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal
only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the
relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the "net
amount"). The Fund's obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily
(offset against any amounts owing to the Fund) and any accrued but unpaid net
amounts owed to a swap counterparty will be covered by the maintenance of a
segregated account consisting of liquid assets to avoid any potential leveraging
of the Fund's portfolio. Commonly used swap agreements include interest rate
caps, under which, in return for a premium, one party agrees to make payments to
the other to the extent that interest rates exceed a specified rate, or "cap";
interest rate floors, under which, in return for a premium, one
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party agrees to make payments to the other to the extent that interest rates
fall below a specified level, or "floor"; and interest rate collars, under which
a party sells a cap and purchases a floor or vice versa in an attempt to protect
itself against interest rate movements exceeding given minimum or maximum
levels. The Fund will not enter into a swap agreement with any single party if
the net amount owed or to be received under existing contracts with that party
would exceed 5% of the Fund's assets.
Whether the Fund's use of swap agreements will be successful in furthering
its investment objective will depend on the Adviser's ability correctly to
predict whether certain types of investments are likely to produce greater
returns than other investments. Because they are two party contracts and
because they may have terms of greater than seven days, swap agreements may be
considered to be illiquid. Moreover, the Fund bears the risk of loss of the
amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the
default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counterparty. The Adviser will cause
the Fund to enter into swap agreements only with counterparties that would be
eligible for consideration as repurchase agreement counterparties under the
Fund's repurchase agreement guidelines. Certain restrictions imposed on the
Fund by the Code may limit the Fund's ability to use swap agreements. The swaps
market is a relatively new market and is largely unregulated. It is possible
that developments in the swaps market, including potential government
regulation, could adversely affect the Fund's ability to terminate existing swap
agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements.
Certain swap agreements are exempt from most provisions of the Commodity
Exchange Act ("CEA") and, therefore, are not regulated as futures or commodity
option transactions under the CEA, pursuant to regulations approved by the CFTC
effective February 22, 1993. To qualify for this exemption, a swap agreement
must be entered into by "eligible participants," which include the following,
provided the participants' total assets exceed established levels: a bank or
trust company, savings association or credit union, insurance company,
investment company subject to regulation under the Investment Company Act of
1940, commodity pool, corporation, partnership, proprietorship, organization,
trust or other entity, employee benefit plan, governmental entity, broker-
dealer, futures commission merchant, natural person, or regulated foreign
person. To be eligible, natural persons and most other entities must have total
assets exceeding $10 million; commodity pools and employee benefit plans must
have assets exceeding $5 million. In addition, an eligible swap transaction
must meet three conditions. First, the swap agreement may not be part of a
fungible class of agreements that
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are standardized as to their material economic terms. Second, the
creditworthiness of parties with actual or potential obligations under the swap
agreement must be a material consideration in entering into or determining the
terms of the swap agreement, including pricing, cost or credit enhancement
terms. Third, swap agreements may not be entered into and traded on or through
a multilateral transaction execution facility.
This exemption is not exclusive, and participants may continue to rely on
existing exclusions for swaps, such as the Policy Statement issued in July 1989
which recognized a safe harbor for swap transactions from regulation as futures
or commodity option transactions under the CEA or its regulations. The Policy
Statement applies to swap transactions settled in cash that (1) have
individually tailored terms, (2) lack exchange-style offset and the use of a
clearing organization or margin system, (3) are undertaken in conjunction with a
line of business, and (4) are not marketed to the public.
LOAN PARTICIPATION INTERESTS
The Fund's investment in loan participation interests may take the form of
participation interests in, assignments or novations of a corporate loan
("Participation Interests"). The Participation Interests may be acquired from
an agent bank, co-lenders or other holders of Participation Interests
("Participants"). In a novation, the Fund would assume all of the rights of the
lender in a corporate loan, including the right to receive payments of principal
and interest and other amounts directly from the borrower and to enforce its
rights as a lender directly against the borrower. As an alternative, the Fund
may purchase an assignment of all or a portion of a lender's interest in a
corporate loan, in which case, the Fund may be required generally to rely on the
assigning lender to demand payment and enforce its rights against the borrower,
but would otherwise be entitled to all of such lender's rights in the corporate
loan. The Fund also may purchase a Participation Interest in a portion of the
rights of a lender in a corporate loan. In such a case, the Fund will be
entitled to receive payments of principal, interest and fees, if any, but
generally will not be entitled to enforce its rights directly against the agent
bank or the borrower; rather the Fund must rely on the lending institution for
that purpose. The Fund will not act as an agent bank, a guarantor or sole
negotiator or a structure with respect to a corporate loan.
In a typical corporate loan involving the sale of Participation Interests,
the agent bank administers the terms of the corporate loan agreement and is
responsible for the collection of principal and interest and fee payments to the
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credit of all lenders which are parties to the corporate loan agreement. The
agent bank in such cases will be qualified under the 1940 Act to serve as a
custodian for a registered investment company such as the Trust. The Fund
generally will rely on the agent bank or an intermediate Participant to collect
its portion of the payments on the corporate loan. The agent bank monitors the
value of the collateral and, if the value of the collateral declines, may take
certain action, including accelerating the corporate loan, giving the borrower
an opportunity to provide additional collateral or seeking other protection for
the benefit of the Participants in the corporate loan, depending on the terms of
the corporate loan agreement. Furthermore, unless under the terms of a
participation agreement the Fund has direct recourse against the borrower (which
is unlikely), the Fund will rely on the agent bank to use appropriate creditor
remedies against the borrower. The agent bank also is responsible for
monitoring compliance with covenants contained in the corporate loan agreement
and for notifying holders of corporate loans of any failures of compliance.
Typically, under corporate loan agreements, the agent bank is given broad
discretion in enforcing the corporate loan agreement, and is obligated to use
only the same care it would use in the management of its own property. For
these services, the borrower compensates the agent bank. Such compensation may
include special fees paid on structuring and funding the corporate loan and
other fees paid on a continuing basis.
A financial institution's employment as an agent bank may be terminated in
the event that it fails to observe the requisite standard of care or becomes
insolvent, or has a receiver, conservator, or similar official appointed for it
by the appropriate bank regulatory authority or becomes a debtor in a bankruptcy
proceeding. A successor agent bank generally will be appointed to replace the
terminated bank, and assets held by the agent bank under the corporate loan
agreement should remain available to holders of corporate loans. If, however,
assets held by the agent bank for the benefit of the Fund were determined by an
appropriate regulatory authority or court to be subject to the claims of the
agent bank's general or secured creditors, the Fund might incur certain costs
and delays in realizing payment on a corporate loan, or suffer a loss of
principal and/or interest. In situations involving intermediate Participants
similar risks may arise.
When the Fund acts as co-lender in connection with a participation
interest or when the Fund acquires a participation interest the terms of which
provide that the Fund will be in privity of contract with the corporate
borrower, the Fund will have direct recourse against the borrower in the event
the borrower fails to pay scheduled principal and interest. In all
B-43
<PAGE>
other cases, the Fund will look to the agent bank to enforce appropriate credit
remedies against the borrower. In acquiring participation interests the Fund
will conduct analysis and evaluation of the financial condition of each such co-
lender and participant to ensure that the participation interest meets the
Fund's qualitative standards. There is a risk that there may not be a readily
available market for loan participation interests and, in some cases, this could
result in the Fund disposing of such securities at a substantial discount from
face value or holding such security until maturity. When the Fund is required
to rely upon a lending institution to pay the Fund principal, interest, and
other amounts received by the lending institution for the loan participation,
the Fund will treat both the borrower and the lending institution as an "issuer"
of the loan participation for purposes of certain investment restrictions
pertaining to the diversification and concentration of the Fund's portfolio.
The Fund considers loan participation interests not subject to puts to be
illiquid.
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH DEBT SECURITIES
Investment in debt securities involves certain risks. The value of the
debt securities held by the Fund, and thus the net asset value of the shares of
beneficial interest of the Fund, generally will fluctuate depending on a number
of factors, including, among others, changes in the perceived creditworthiness
of the issuers of those securities, movements in interest rates, the average
maturity of the Fund's investments, changes in the relative values of the
currencies in which the Fund's investments are denominated relative to the U.S.
dollar, and the extent to which the Fund hedges its interest rate, credit and
currency exchange rate risks. Generally, a rise in interest rates will reduce
the value of fixed income securities held by the Fund, and a decline in interest
rates will increase the value of fixed income securities held by the Fund.
Corporate debt securities may bear fixed, contingent, or variable rates of
interest and may involve equity features, such as conversion or exchange rights
or warrants for the acquisition of stock of the same or a different issuer,
participations based on revenues, sales or profits, or the purchase of common
stock in a unit transaction (where corporate debt securities and common stock
are offered as a unit).
When- and if-available, debt securities may be purchased at a discount from
face value. However, the Fund does not intend to hold such securities to
maturity for the purpose of achieving potential capital gains, unless current
yields on these securities remain attractive. From time to time, the Fund may
purchase securities not paying interest or dividends at the time
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<PAGE>
acquired if, in the opinion of the Adviser, such securities have the potential
for future income (or capital appreciation, if any).
RISKS OF INVESTING IN HIGH YIELD SECURITIES ("JUNK BONDS")
High yield bonds may be more susceptible to real or perceived adverse
economic and competitive industry conditions than higher grade bonds. The
prices of high yield bonds have been found to be less sensitive to interest-rate
changes than more highly rated investments, but more sensitive to adverse
economic downturns or individual corporate developments. A projection of an
economic downturn or of a period of rising interest rates, for example, could
cause a decline in high yield bond prices because the advent of a recession
could lessen the ability of a highly leveraged company to make principal and
interest payments on its debt securities.
Adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether or not based on
fundamental analysis, may decrease the values and liquidity of high yield bonds,
especially in a thinly traded market.
Legislation designed to limit the use of high yield bonds in corporate
transactions may have a material adverse effect on a Fund's net asset value and
investment practices. In addition, there may be special tax considerations
associated with investing in high yield bonds structured as zero coupon or
payment-in-kind securities. The Fund records the interest on these securities
annually as income even though it receives no cash interest until the security's
maturity or payment date. Also, distributions of such amounts generally will be
taxable to shareholders even if the Fund does not distribute cash to them.
Therefore, in order to pay taxes on this interest, shareholders may have to
redeem some of their shares to pay the tax or the Fund may have to sell some of
its assets to reduce the Fund's assets and may thereby increase its expense
ratio and decrease its rate of return.
Since shares of the Fund represent an investment in securities with
fluctuating market prices, the value of shares of the Fund will vary as the
aggregate value of the Fund's portfolio securities increases or decreases.
Moreover, the value of lower-rated debt securities that the Fund purchases may
fluctuate more than the value of higher rated debt securities. These lower
rated fixed income securities generally tend to reflect short-term corporate and
market developments to a greater extent than higher rated securities which react
primarily to fluctuations in the general level of interest rates. Changes in
the value of securities subsequent to their acquisition will not
B-45
<PAGE>
affect cash income or yields to maturity to the Fund but will be reflected in
the net asset value of the Fund's shares.
ADDITIONAL FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
In addition to the fundamental investment restrictions contained in the
Prospectus, the Trustees of the Trust also have adopted the following
fundamental investment restrictions with respect to the Fund, which may not be
changed without the approval of the majority of the outstanding voting
securities of the Fund, as defined under the 1940 Act.
The Trust may not, on behalf of the Fund:
1. Act as an underwriter of securities issued by others, except to the
extent that the Fund may be considered an underwriter within the meaning of the
1933 Act, as amended, in the disposition of portfolio securities.
2. Issue senior securities, except as appropriate to evidence indebtedness
that the Fund is permitted to incur and except for shares of existing or
additional series of the Trust.
ADDITIONAL NON-FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
In addition to the fundamental investment restrictions, the Trustees of the
Trust have voluntarily adopted certain policies and restrictions which are
observed in the conduct of the affairs of the Fund. These represent intentions
of the Trustees based upon current circumstances. They differ from fundamental
investment policies in that the following additional investment restrictions may
be changed or amended by action of the Trustees without requiring prior notice
to or approval of shareholders.
1. As an operating policy, the Fund may not sell securities short, except
for covered short sales or unless it owns or has the right to obtain securities
equivalent in kind and amount to the securities sold short, and provided that
transactions in options, futures and forward contracts are deemed not to
constitute short sales of securities.
2. As an operating policy, the Fund may not invest in securities which are
not readily marketable, or the disposition of which is restricted under federal
securities laws (collectively, "illiquid securities"), other than Rule 144A
securities determined to be liquid pursuant to guidelines adopted by the Trust's
Board of Trustees if, as a result, more than 15% of the Fund's net assets would
be invested in illiquid securities. The Fund may not invest more than 15% of
its net assets in repurchase agreements providing for settlement in more
B-46
<PAGE>
than seven days, or in other instruments which for regulatory purposes or in the
Adviser's opinion may be deemed to be illiquid, such as a certain portion of
options traded in the over-the-counter market, and securities being used to
cover options a Fund has written.
3. As an operating policy, the Fund may not acquire or retain the
securities of any other investment company if, as a result, more than 3% of such
investment company's outstanding shares would be held by the Fund, more than 5%
of the value of the Fund's total assets would be invested in shares of such
investment company or more than 10% of the value of the Fund's assets would be
invested in shares of investment companies in the aggregate, except in
connection with a merger, consolidation, acquisition, or reorganization.
"Value" for the purposes of all investment restrictions shall mean the
value used in determining the Fund's net asset value.
If a percentage restriction is adhered to at the time of investment, a
later change in percentage resulting from a change in values or assets will not
constitute a violation of such restriction.
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS
Information pertaining to the Trustees and officers of the Trust is set
forth below. Trustees deemed to be "interested persons" of the Trust for
purposes of the 1940 Act are indicated by an asterisk.
B-47
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S)
NAME, ADDRESS AND AGE POSITION(S) WITH TRUST DURING PAST 5 YEARS
- --------------------- ---------------------- ------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Alice T. Kane* Chairperson and Executive Vice President, New York Life
51 Madison Avenue Trustee Insurance Company, 1992 to present;
New York, NY 10010 General Counsel, 1992 to 1995;
Age: 48 Corporate Secretary, 1989 to 1994;
Senior Vice President and General
Counsel, 1986 to 1992; Vice President
and General Counsel, 1985 to 1986;
Director and Chairperson, MainStay
Institutional Funds Inc., 1994 to present;
Director, New York Life Foundation,
1992 to 1995; Director, New York Life
International Investment Inc., 1988 to
present; Director, NYLIFE Inc., 1990 to
present; Vice President, NYLIFE Inc.,
1989 to present; Secretary, NYLIFE Inc.,
1989 to 1994; Director, Greystone Realty
Corporation, 1994 to present; Director,
Monitor Capital Advisors, Inc., 1994 to
present; Director, Sanus Corp. Health
Systems, 1984 to present; Director,
MacKay-Shields Financial Corporation,
1994 to present; Director, New York
Life Benefit Services Inc. (pension
consultant and third party
administrator), 1994 to present; Director,
NYLIFE Securities Inc., 1994 to present;
Director, Eagle Strategies Corp. (broker-
dealer and registered investment
adviser), 1994 to present; Director,
NYLIFE Distributors Inc., 1994 to
present; Director, NYL Management
Limited, 1995 to present; Director, NYL
Trust Company, 1995 to present;
Member, Board of Governors of the
National Association of Securities
Dealers, Inc., 1994 to present; Member,
American Council of Life Insurance
Deputies Solvency Oversight Committee,
1991 to 1995; and Board of Governors,
Association of Life Insurance Counsel,
1992 to present.
</TABLE>
B-48
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S)
NAME, ADDRESS AND AGE POSITION(S) WITH TRUST DURING PAST 5 YEARS
- --------------------- ---------------------- -----------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Walter W. Ubl* President, Chief Senior Vice President, New York Life
51 Madison Avenue Executive Officer and Insurance Company, 1995 to present;
New York, NY 10010 Trustee Vice President, 1984 to 1995; Vice
Age: 54 President in charge of Mutual Funds
Department, 1989 to present; Director
and Vice President, NYLIFE
Distributors Inc., 1993 to present;
Director and Senior Vice President NYLIFE
Securities Inc., 1996 to present; and Vice
President, Marketing Department, 1984
to 1987.
Harry G. Hohn* Trustee Chairman of the Board and Chief
51 Madison Avenue Executive Officer, New York Life
New York, NY 10010 Insurance Company, 1990 to present;
Age 64 Vice Chairman of the Board, New York
Life Insurance Company, 1986 to 1990;
Director, New York Life Insurance
Company, 1985 to 1986; Executive Vice
President and General Counsel, New
York Life Insurance Company, 1982 to
1986; Senior Vice President and General
Counsel, New York Life Insurance
Company, 1977 to 1982; and Chairman,
American Council of Life Insurance,
1995 to 1996.
Donald K. Ross* Trustee Retired Chairman and Chief Executive
953 Cherokee Lane Officer, New York Life Insurance
Franklin Lakes, NJ 07417 Company; Director, New York Life
Age: 70 Insurance Company, 1978 to 1996;
President, New York Life Insurance
Company, 1986 to 1990; Chairman of the
Board, New York Life Insurance
Company, 1981 to 1990; Chief Executive
Officer, New York Life Insurance
Company, 1981 to 1990; Director,
MacKay-Shields Financial Corporation,
1984 to present; and Trustee,
Consolidated Edison Company of New
York, Inc., 1976 to present.
</TABLE>
B-49
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S)
NAME, ADDRESS AND AGE POSITION(S) WITH TRUST DURING PAST 5 YEARS
- --------------------- ---------------------- ------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Edward J. Hogan Trustee Independent management consultant,
Box 2321 1991 to 1995; President, Westinghouse -
Sun Valley, ID 83353 Airship Industries, Inc. and Managing
Age: __ Director, Airship Industries U.K., Ltd.,
1987 to 1990.
Nancy Maginnes Trustee Member, Board of Overseers of the
Kissinger Nelson A. Rockefeller Institute of
Hendersons Road Government, State University of New
Kent, CT 06757 York, Albany, NY, 1983 to present; and
Age: 62 Member, Board of Advisers of the Naval
Postgraduate School, 1985 to present.
Terry L. Lierman Trustee President, Capitol Associates, Inc., 1984
426 C Street, N.E. to present; President, Employee Health
Washington, D.C. 20002 Programs, 1990 to present; and Vice
Age: 48 Chairman, Dresing, Lierman, Weicker,
Inc., 1995 to present.
Donald E. Nickelson Trustee Vice Chairman, Harbour Group
1701 Highway A-1-A Industries, Inc., 1991 to present;
Suite 101 Director, PaineWebber Group, 1980 to
Vero Beach, FL 32963 1993; President, PaineWebber Group,
Age: 63 1988 to 1990; Chairman of the Board,
PaineWebber Properties, 1985 to 1989;
Director, Harbour Group, 1986 to
present; Director, CPA 10 Real Estate
Inv. Trust, 1990 to present; Director,
CIP 11 Real Estate Inv. Trust, 1991 to
present; Chairman of the Board and
Director, Rapid Rock Industries, Inc.,
1986 to present; Director, Selectide
Corporation, Member of the Executive
Committee, 1992 to present; Director
and Chairman of the Board, Del
Industries, 1990 to present; Trustee,
Jones Foundation (Los Angeles), 1978
to present; Director, Allied Healthcare
Products, Inc., 1992 to present; Director,
Sugen, Inc., 1992 to present; Director
and Chairman of the Board, Greenfield
Industries, Inc., 1993 to present; Director
and Chairman of the Board, Flair Corp.,
1993 to present; Director, DT Industries,
1992 to present.
</TABLE>
B-50
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S)
NAME, ADDRESS AND AGE POSITION(S) WITH TRUST DURING PAST 5 YEARS
- --------------------- ---------------------- ------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Richard S. Trutanic Trustee Managing Director, The Somerset Group
1155 Connecticut Ave. (financial advisory firm), 1993 to present;
N.W., Suite 400 President, TR Capital Corporation
Washington, DC 20036 (financial advisory firm), 1990 to present;
Age: 44 Senior Vice President, Washington
National Investment Corporation
(financial advisory firm), 1985 to 1990;
and Director and Member of Executive
Committee, Southern Net, Inc., 1986 to
1990.
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OFFICERS (OTHER THAN TRUSTEES)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Jefferson C. Boyce Senior Vice President Senior Vice President, MainStay
51 Madison Avenue Institutional Funds Inc., 1995 to present;
New York, NY 10010 Senior Vice President, New York Life
Age: 38 Insurance Company, 1994 to present;
Director, NYLIFE Distributors Inc.,
1993 to present; Chief Administrative
Officer, Pension, Mutual Funds,
Structured Finance, Corporate Quality,
Human Resources and Employees'
Health Departments, New York Life
Insurance Company, 1992 to 1994; and
Vice President, Pension Department,
New York Life Insurance Company,
1989 to 1992.
Anthony W. Polis Vice President and Vice President, New York Life Insurance
51 Madison Avenue Chief Financial Company, 1988 to present; Director,
New York, NY 10010 Officer Vice President and Chief Financial
Age: 52 Officer, NYLIFE Securities Inc., 1988 to
present; Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer, NYLIFE Distributors
Inc., 1993 to present; Treasurer,
MainStay Institutional Funds Inc., 1990
to present; Treasurer, MainStay VP
Series Fund, Inc., 1993 to present;
Assistant Treasurer, MainStay VP Series
Fund, Inc., 1992 to 1993; Vice President
and Treasurer, Eclipse Financial Asset
Trust, 1992 to present; Vice President
and Chief Financial Officer, Eagle
Strategies Corp. (broker-dealer and
registered investment adviser), 1993 to
present.
</TABLE>
B-51
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S)
NAME, ADDRESS AND AGE POSITION(S) WITH TRUST DURING PAST 5 YEARS
- --------------------- ---------------------- ------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Richard Zuccaro Tax Vice President Vice President, New York Life Insurance
51 Madison Avenue Company, 1995 to present; Vice
New York, NY 10010 President -- Tax, New York Life
Age: 46 Insurance Company, 1986 to 1995; Tax
Vice President, NYLIFE Securities Inc.,
1987 to present; Tax Vice President,
NAFCO, Inc., 1990 to present; Tax Vice
President, NYLIFE Depositary Inc., 1990
to present; Tax Vice President, NYLIFE
Inc., 1990 to present; Tax Vice President,
NYLIFE Insurance Company of
Arizona, 1990 to present; Tax Vice
President, NYLIFE Realty Inc., 1991 to
present; Tax Vice President, NYLICO
Inc., 1991 to present; Tax Vice President,
New York Life Fund Inc., 1991 to
present; Tax Vice President, New York
Life International Investment, Inc., 1991
to present; Tax Vice President, NYLIFE
Equity Inc., 1991 to present; Tax Vice
President, NYLIFE Funding Inc., 1991
to present; Tax Vice President, NYLCO
Inc., 1991 to present; Tax Vice President,
MainStay VP Series Fund, Inc., 1991 to
present; Tax Vice President, CNP Realty,
1991 to present; Tax Vice President,
New York Life Worldwide Holding Inc.,
1992 to present; Tax Vice President,
NYLIFE Structured Asset Management
Co. Ltd., 1992 to present; Tax Vice
President, MainStay Institutional Funds
Inc., 1992 to present; Tax Vice President,
NYLIFE Distributors Inc., 1993 to
present; Vice President & Assistant
Controller, New York Life Insurance
and Annuity Corp., 1995 to present, and
Assistant Controller, 1991 to present;
Vice President, NYLCARE Health
Plans, Inc., 1995 to present; Vice
President - Tax, New York Life and
Health Insurance Co., 1996 to present;
and Tax Vice President, NYL Trust
Company, 1996 to present.
</TABLE>
B-52
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S)
NAME, ADDRESS AND AGE POSITION(S) WITH TRUST DURING PAST 5 YEARS
- --------------------- ---------------------- ------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
A. Thomas Smith III Secretary Associate General Counsel, New York
51 Madison Avenue Life Insurance Company, 1996 to
New York, NY 10010 present; Assistant General Counsel, New
Age: 39 York Life Insurance Company, 1994 to
1996; Secretary, MainStay Institutional
Funds Inc., MainStay VP Series Fund,
Inc., New York Life Fund Inc., and
Eclipse Financial Asset Trust, 1994 to
present; Secretary, Eagle Strategies
Corp. (broker-dealer and registered
investment adviser), 1996 to present;
Assistant General Counsel, Dreyfus
Corporation, 1991 to 1993; Senior
Associate, Willkie, Farr & Gallagher,
1989 to 1991; and Staff Attorney, Chief
Counsel's Office, U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission, Division of
Investment Management, 1986 to 1988.
</TABLE>
As indicated in the above table, certain Trustees and officers also hold
positions with MacKay-Shields, New York Life Insurance Company, NYLIFE
Securities Inc. and/or NYLIFE Distributors Inc.
The Independent Trustees of the Trust receive from the Trust an annual
retainer of $40,000 and a fee of $1,000 for each Board of Trustees meeting and
for each Board committee meeting attended and are reimbursed for all out-of-
pocket expenses related to attendance at such meetings. Trustees who are
affiliated with New York Life Insurance Company do not receive compensation from
the Trust.
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996, the Trustees received the
following compensation from the Trust and from certain other investment
companies (as indicated) that have the same investment advisers as the Trust or
an investment adviser that is an affiliated person of one of the Trust's
investment advisers:
B-53
<PAGE>
Total Compensation
Aggregate From Registrant
Name of Compensation and Fund Complex
Trustee from the Trust Paid to Trustees
- ------- -------------- ------------------
Edward J. Hogan* $0 $0
Nancy M. Kissinger $46,000 $46,000
Terry L. Lierman $45,000 $45,000
Donald E. Nickelson $45,000 $45,000
Richard S. Trutanic $45,000 $45,000
Ralph A. Pfeiffer** $33,000 $33,000
* Mr. Hogan was elected to his position as Trustee of the Trust on October
28, 1996.
** Mr. Pfeiffer passed away on September 13, 1996.
As of ____________, 1997, the Trustees and officers of the Trust as a group
owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of any class of beneficial interest
of the Fund.
THE ADVISER, THE ADMINISTRATOR AND THE DISTRIBUTOR
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT
Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement for the Fund dated January
__, 1997, MacKay-Shields, subject to the supervision of the Trustees of the
Trust and in conformity with the stated policies of the Fund of the Trust,
manages the investment operations of the Fund and the composition of the Fund's
portfolio, including the purchase, retention, disposition and loan of
securities.
On ______________, 1997, the sole initial shareholder of the Fund approved
the Investment Advisory Agreement with MacKay-Shields. The Investment Advisory
Agreement will remain in effect for two years following its effective date, and
will continue in effect thereafter only if such continuance is specifically
approved at least annually by the Trustees or by vote of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities of the Fund (as defined in the 1940 Act and in a
rule under the Act) and, in either case, by a majority of the Trustees who are
not "interested persons" of the Trust or MacKay-Shields or Monitor (as the term
is defined in the 1940 Act).
The Adviser has authorized any of their directors, officers and employees
who have been elected or appointed as Trustees or officers of the Trust to serve
in the capacities in which they have been elected or appointed. In connection
with the services it renders, the Adviser bear the salaries and expenses of all
of its personnel.
B-54
<PAGE>
The Investment Advisory Agreement provides that MacKay-Shields shall not be
liable to the Fund for any error of judgment by MacKay-Shields or for any loss
sustained by the Fund or NYLIFE Distributors Inc. except in the case of MacKay-
Shields' willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard
of duty. The Agreement also provides that it shall terminate automatically if
assigned and that it may be terminated without penalty by either party upon no
more than 60 days' nor less than 30 days' written notice.
ADMINISTRATION AGREEMENTS
NYLIFE Distributors Inc. ("NYLIFE Distributors" or the "Administrator")
acts as administrator for the Fund pursuant to the Administration Agreement
which is dated January __, 1997. The Administrator has authorized any of its
directors, officers and employees who have been elected or appointed as Trustees
or officers of the Trust to serve in the capacities in which they have been
elected or appointed. In connection with its administration of the business
affairs of the Funds, and except as indicated in the Prospectus under the
heading "Investment Adviser, Administrator and Distributor," the Administrator
bears the following expenses:
(a) the salaries and expenses of all personnel of the Trust and the
Administrator, except the fees and expenses of Trustees not affiliated with the
Administrator or the Adviser; and
(b) all expenses incurred by the Administrator in connection with
administering the ordinary course of the Fund's business, other than those
assumed by the Trust.
The Administration Agreement for the Fund was approved by the Trustees,
including a majority of the Trustees who are not "interested persons" of the
Trust or NYLIFE Distributors (as the term is defined in the 1940 Act) at a
meeting held on January __, 1997.
DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT
NYLIFE Distributors also acts as the Principal Underwriter and Distributor
of the Fund's shares pursuant to the Distribution Agreement with the Trust dated
January 1, 1994. NYLIFE Securities Inc., an affiliated company, sells shares of
the Fund pursuant to a dealer agreement with the Distributor. The Distributor
and other broker-dealers will pay commissions to salesmen as well as the cost of
printing and mailing prospectuses to potential investors and of any advertising
incurred by them in connection with their distribution of Fund shares. In
addition,
B-55
<PAGE>
the Distributor will pay for a variety of account maintenance and personal
services to shareholders after the sale.
The Distribution Agreement for the Fund was approved by the Trustees,
including a majority of the Trustees who are not "interested persons" (as the
term is defined in the 1940 Act) of the Trust nor have any direct or indirect
financial interest in the operation of the distribution plan or in any related
agreement (the "Independent Trustees") at a meeting held on January __, 1997.
As disclosed in the Prospectus, the Fund has adopted separate plans of
distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act for each class of shares
of the Fund (the "Class A Plan", the "Class B Plan" and, collectively, the
"Plans"). Under the Class A Plan, Class A shares of the Fund pay the
Distributor a monthly fee at the annual rate of 0.25% of the average daily net
assets of the Fund's Class A shares for distribution or service activities, as
designated by the Distributor. The Class A Plan for the Fund was approved by
the sole initial shareholder of the Class A of shares of the Fund on
_____________, 1997. The Trustees of the Trust, including a majority of the
Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust and who have no direct or
indirect financial interest in the operation of such Plan (the "Independent
Trustees"), by vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting
on such Plan, initially approved the Class A Plan on January __, 1997.
As noted above, the Class B shares of the Fund also have adopted 12b-1
distribution plans. The Class B Plan for the Fund was approved on
________________, 199__ by the sole initial shareholder of the Fund. The
Trustees of the Trust, including a majority of the Trustees who are not
interested persons of the Trust and who have no direct or indirect financial
interest in the operation of such plan of distribution, by vote cast in person
at meetings called for the purpose of voting on such Plans, initially approved
the Class B Plan of the Fund on January __, 1997.
Under the Class B plans, the Fund's Class B shares pay a monthly
distribution fee to the Distributor at the annual rate of 0.75% of the lesser of
(a) the aggregate gross sales of the Fund's Class B shares since the inception
of the Fund (not including reinvestment of dividends and capital gains
distributions from the Fund), less the aggregate net asset value of the Class B
shares exchanged or redeemed since the Fund's inception upon which a contingent
deferred sales charge has been imposed or upon which such charge has been
waived, or (b) the average daily net assets attributable to the Fund's Class B
shares. Pursuant to the Class B Plans, the Class B shares of
B-56
<PAGE>
each Fund also pay a service fee to the Distributor at the annual rate of 0.25%
of the average daily net assets of the Fund's Class B shares.
Once approved by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities
of a class of shares of a Fund, each Plan shall continue in effect thereafter,
provided such continuance is approved annually by a vote of the Trustees in the
manner described above. No Plan may be amended to increase materially the
amount to be spent for the services described therein without approval of the
shareholders of the affected class of shares of a Fund, and all material
amendments of each Plan must also be approved by the Trustees in the manner
described above. Each Plan may be terminated at any time, without payment of
any penalty, by vote of a majority of the Trustees who are not interested
persons of the Trust and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in
the operations of the Plan, or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting
securities of the affected Fund (as defined in the 1940 Act) on not more than 30
days' written notice to any other party to the Plan. So long as any Plan is in
effect, the selection and nomination of Trustees who are not such interested
persons has been committed to those Trustees who are not such interested
persons. The Trustees have determined that, in their judgment, there is a
reasonable likelihood that each Plan will benefit the respective Fund and its
shareholders. Pursuant to both the Class A and Class B Plans, the Distributor
shall provide the Trust for review by the Trustees, and the Trustees shall
review at least quarterly, a written report of the amounts expended under each
Plan and the purpose for which such expenditures were made. In the Trustees'
quarterly review of each Plan, they will consider its continued appropriateness
and the level of compensation provided therein.
Pursuant to a rule of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.,
the amount which the Fund may pay for distribution expenses, excluding service
fees, is limited to 6.25% of the gross sales of the Fund's shares since
inception of the Fund's Plan, plus interest at the prime rate plus 1% per annum
(less any contingent deferred sales charges paid by shareholders to the
Distributor or distribution fee (other than service fees) paid by the Funds to
the Distributor).
OTHER SERVICES
Pursuant to an Accounting Agreement with the Trust, dated ____________,
1997, NYLIFE Distributors performs certain bookkeeping and pricing services for
the Fund.
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<PAGE>
In addition, the Fund may reimburse NYLIFE Securities and NYLIFE
Distributors for the cost of certain correspondence to shareholders and
establishing shareholder accounts.
EXPENSES BORNE BY THE TRUST
Except for the expenses to be paid by the Adviser and the Administrator as
described in the Prospectus, the Trust, on behalf of the Fund, is responsible
under its Administration Agreement for the payment of expenses related to the
Fund's operations, including (i) the fees payable to the Adviser and the
Administrator, (ii) the fees and expenses of Trustees who are not affiliated
with the Adviser or the Administrator, (iii) certain fees and expenses of the
Custodian and Transfer Agent, including the cost of pricing the Fund's shares,
(iv) the charges and expenses of the Trust's legal counsel and independent
accountants, (v) brokers' commissions and any issue or transfer taxes chargeable
to the Trust, on behalf of the Fund, in connection with its securities
transactions, (vi) the fees of any trade association of which the Fund or the
Trust is a member, (vii) the cost of share certificates representing shares of
the Fund, (viii) reimbursement of a portion of the organization expenses of the
Fund and the fees and expenses involved in registering and maintaining
registration of the Trust and of its shares with the SEC and the states
registering the Trust as a broker or dealer, including the preparation and
printing of the Trust's registration statements and prospectuses for such
purposes, (ix) allocable communications expenses with respect to investor
services and all expenses of shareholders' and Trustees' meetings and preparing,
printing and mailing prospectuses and reports to shareholders, (x) litigation
and indemnification expenses and other extraordinary expenses not incurred in
the ordinary course of the Fund's business, (xi) any expenses assumed by the
Fund pursuant to its plan of distribution, and (xii) all taxes and business fees
payable by the Fund to federal, state or other governmental agencies. Fees and
expenses of legal counsel, registering shares, holding meetings and
communicating with shareholders include an allocable portion of the cost of
maintaining an internal legal and compliance department.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
Purchases and sales of securities on a securities exchange are effected by
brokers, and the Fund pays a brokerage commission for this service. In
transactions on stock exchanges in the United States, these commissions are
negotiated, whereas on many foreign stock exchanges these commissions are fixed.
In the over-the-counter markets, securities (i.e., Municipal Bonds and other
debt securities) are generally traded on a "net" basis with dealers acting as
principal for their own accounts without a
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stated commission, although the price of the security usually includes a profit
to the dealer. Transactions in certain over-the-counter securities also may be
effected on an agency basis, when the total price paid (including commission) is
equal to or better than the best total prices available from other sources. In
underwritten offerings, securities are purchased at a fixed price which includes
an amount of compensation to the underwriter, generally referred to as the
underwriter's concession or discount. On occasion, certain money market
instruments may be purchased directly from an issuer, in which case no
commissions or discounts are paid.
Newly issued securities normally are purchased directly from the issuer or
from an underwriter acting as principal. Other purchases and sales usually are
placed with those dealers from which it appears that the best price or execution
will be obtained; those dealers may be acting as either agents or principals.
The purchase price paid by a Fund to underwriters of newly issued securities
usually includes a concession paid by the issuer to the underwriter, and
purchases of after-market securities from dealers normally are executed at a
price between the bid and asked prices.
The primary consideration in placing portfolio security transactions with
broker-dealers for execution is to obtain and maintain the availability of
execution at the most favorable prices and in the most effective manner
possible. The Adviser attempts to achieve this result by selecting broker-
dealers to execute portfolio transactions on behalf of the Fund and its other
clients on the basis of the broker-dealers' professional capability, the value
and quality of their brokerage services and the level of their brokerage
commissions. Consistent with the foregoing primary considerations, the Rules of
Fair Practice of the NASD and such other policies as the Trustees may determine,
the Adviser may consider sales of shares of the Fund as a factor in the
selection of broker-dealers to execute the Fund's portfolio transactions.
NYLIFE Securities (the "Affiliated Broker") may act as broker for the
Trust. In order for the Affiliated Broker to effect any portfolio transactions
for the Trust, the commissions, fees or other remuneration received by the
Affiliated Broker must be reasonable and fair compared to the commissions, fees
or other remuneration paid to other brokers in connection with comparable
transactions involving similar securities being purchased or sold on an exchange
during a comparable period of time. This standard would allow the Affiliated
Broker to receive no more than the remuneration which would be expected to be
received by an unaffiliated broker in a commensurate arms-length transaction.
The Trust will not deal with the Affiliated Broker in any
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portfolio transaction in which the Affiliated Broker acts as principal.
Under each Investment Advisory Agreement and as permitted by Section 28(e)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "1934 Act"), the Adviser may cause
the Fund to pay a broker-dealer (except the Affiliated Broker) which provides
brokerage and research services to the Adviser an amount of commission for
effecting a securities transaction for the Fund in excess of the amount other
broker-dealers would have charged for the transaction if the Adviser determines
in good faith that the greater commission is reasonable in relation to the value
of the brokerage and research services provided by the executing broker-dealer
viewed in terms of either a particular transaction or the Adviser's overall
responsibilities to the Fund or to its other clients. The term "brokerage and
research services" includes advice as to the value of securities, the
advisability of investing in, purchasing, or selling securities, and the
availability of securities or of purchasers or sellers of securities; furnishing
analyses and reports concerning issuers, industries, securities, economic
factors and trends, portfolio strategy and the performance of accounts; and
effecting securities transactions and performing functions incidental thereto
such as clearance and settlement.
Although commissions paid on every transaction will, in the judgment of the
Adviser, be reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage services
provided, commissions exceeding those which another broker might charge may be
paid to broker-dealers (except the Affiliated Broker) who were selected to
execute transactions on behalf of the Fund and the Adviser's other clients in
part for providing advice as to the availability of securities or of purchasers
or sellers of securities and services in effecting securities transactions and
performing functions incidental thereto such as clearance and settlement.
Broker-dealers may be willing to furnish statistical, research and other
factual information or services ("Research") to the Adviser for no consideration
other than brokerage or underwriting commissions. Securities may be bought or
sold through such broker-dealers, but at present, unless otherwise directed by
the Fund, a commission higher than one charged elsewhere will not be paid to
such a firm solely because it provided Research to the Adviser. Research
provided by brokers is used for the benefit of all of the Adviser's clients and
not solely or necessarily for the benefit of the Fund. The Advisers' investment
management personnel attempt to evaluate the quality of Research provided by
brokers. Results of this effort are sometimes used by the Adviser as a
consideration in the selection of brokers to execute portfolio transactions.
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In certain instances there may be securities which are suitable for the
Fund's portfolio as well as for that of another MainStay fund or one or more of
the other clients of the Adviser. Investment decisions for the Fund and for the
Adviser's other clients are made with a view to achieving their respective
investment objectives. It may develop that a particular security is bought or
sold for only one client even though it might be held by, or bought or sold for,
other clients. Likewise, a particular security may be bought for one or more
clients when one or more other clients are selling that same security. Some
simultaneous transactions are inevitable when several clients receive investment
advice from the same investment adviser, particularly when the same security is
suitable for the investment objectives of more than one client. When two or
more clients are simultaneously engaged in the purchase or sale of the same
security, the securities are allocated among clients in a manner believed to be
equitable to each. It is recognized that in some cases this system could have a
detrimental effect on the price or volume of the security in a particular
transaction as far as the Fund is concerned. The Trust believes that over time
its ability to participate in volume transactions will produce better executions
for the Fund.
The investment advisory fee that the Trust pays on behalf of the Fund to
the Adviser will not be reduced as a consequence of the Adviser's receipt of
brokerage and research services. To the extent the Fund's portfolio
transactions are used to obtain such services, the brokerage commissions paid by
the Fund will exceed those that might otherwise be paid, by an amount which
cannot be presently determined. Such services would be useful and of value to
the Adviser in serving both the Fund and other clients and, conversely, such
services obtained by the placement of brokerage business of other clients would
be useful to the Adviser in carrying out their obligations to the Fund.
Investors may, subject to the approval of the Trust, NYLIFE Distributors
and the Adviser, purchase shares of the Fund with liquid securities that are
eligible for purchase by the Fund and that have a value that is readily
ascertainable. These transactions will be effected only if the Adviser intends
to retain the security in the Fund as an investment. The Trust reserves the
right to amend or terminate this practice at any time.
NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value per share of the Fund is determined by the Trust daily
as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (currently
4:00 p.m., Eastern time) on each day when the New York Stock Exchange is open
for trading.
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Portfolio securities of the Fund are valued (a) by appraising common and
preferred stocks which are traded on the New York Stock Exchange at the last
sale price on that Exchange on the day as of which assets are valued or, if no
sale occurs, at the mean between the closing bid price and asked price, (b) by
appraising other common and preferred stocks as nearly as possible in the manner
described in clause (a) if traded on any other exchange, including the National
Association of Securities Dealers National Market System and foreign securities
exchanges, (c) by appraising over-the-counter common and preferred stocks quoted
on the National Association of Securities Dealers NASDAQ system (but not listed
on the National Market System) at the closing bid price supplied through such
system, (d) by appraising over-the-counter common and preferred stocks not
quoted on the NASDAQ system and securities listed or traded on certain foreign
exchanges whose operations are similar to the U.S over-the-counter market at
prices supplied by a pricing agent selected by the Adviser if those prices are
deemed by the Adviser to be representative of market values at the first close
of business of the New York Stock Exchange, (e) by appraising debt securities at
prices supplied by a pricing agent selected by the Adviser, which prices reflect
broker-dealer-supplied valuations and electronic data processing techniques if
those prices are deemed by the Adviser to be representative of market values at
the first close of business of the New York Stock Exchange, (f) by appraising
exchange-traded options and futures contracts at the last posted settlement
price on the market where any such option or futures contract is principally
traded and (g) by appraising all other securities and other assets, including
over-the-counter common and preferred stocks not quoted on the NASDAQ system,
securities listed or traded on certain foreign exchanges whose operations are
similar to the U.S. over-the-counter market and debt securities for which prices
are supplied by a pricing agent but are not deemed by the Adviser to be
representative of market values, but excluding money market instruments with a
remaining maturity of 60 days or less and including restricted securities and
securities for which no market quotation is available, at fair value in
accordance with procedures approved by and determined in good faith by the
Trustees, although the actual calculation may be done by others. Money market
instruments held by the Fund with a remaining maturity of 60 days or less will
be valued by the amortized cost method unless such method does not represent
fair value. Forward foreign currency exchange contracts held by the Fund are
valued at their respective fair market values determined on the basis of the
mean between the last current bid and asked prices based on dealer or exchange
quotations.
Portfolio securities traded on more than one U.S. national securities
exchange or foreign securities exchange are valued at
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the last sale price on the business day as of which such value is being
determined at the close of the exchange representing the principal market for
such securities. The value of all assets and liabilities expressed in foreign
currencies will be converted into U.S. dollar values at the mean between the
buying and selling rates of such currencies against U.S. dollars last quoted by
any major bank or broker-dealer. If such quotations are not available, the rate
of exchange will be determined in accordance with policies established by the
Trustees. The Fund recognizes dividend income and other distributions on the
ex-dividend date, except that certain dividends from foreign securities are
recognized as soon as the Fund is informed after the ex-dividend date.
Trading in securities on European and Far Eastern securities exchanges and
over-the-counter markets is normally completed well before the close of business
on each business day in New York (i.e., a day on which the New York Stock
---
Exchange is open for trading). In addition, European or Far Eastern securities
trading generally in a particular country or countries may not take place on all
business days in New York. Furthermore, trading takes place in Japanese markets
on certain Saturdays and in various foreign markets on days which are not
business days in New York and on which the Fund's net asset value is not
calculated. Such calculation of net asset value does not take place
contemporaneously with the determination of the prices of the majority of the
portfolio securities used in such calculation.
Events affecting the values of portfolio securities that occur between the
time their prices are determined and the close of the New York Stock Exchange
will not be reflected in the Fund's calculation of net asset values unless the
Adviser deems that the particular event would materially affect net asset value,
in which case an adjustment will be made.
The proceeds received by the Fund for each issue or sale of its shares, and
all net investment income, realized and unrealized gain and proceeds thereof,
subject only to the rights of creditors, will be specifically allocated to the
Fund and constitute the underlying assets of the Fund. The underlying assets of
the Fund will be segregated on the books of account, and will be charged with
the liabilities in respect to the Fund and with a share of the general
liabilities of the Trust. Expenses with respect to the Fund and another
MainStay Fund will be allocated in proportion to the net asset values of the
respective Fund except where allocations of direct expenses can otherwise be
fairly made.
To the extent that any newly organized fund or class of shares receives, on
or before December 31, any seed capital, the
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net asset value of such fund(s) or class(es) will be calculated as of December
31.
SHAREHOLDER INVESTMENT ACCOUNT
A Shareholder Investment Account is established for each investor in the
Fund, under which a record of the shares of the Fund held is maintained by the
Transfer Agent. If a share certificate is desired, it must be requested in
writing for each transaction. There is no charge to the investor for issuance
of a certificate. Whenever a transaction takes place in the Fund, the
shareholder will be mailed a confirmation showing the transaction. Shareholders
will be sent a quarterly statement showing the status of the Account. In
addition, shareholders will be sent a monthly statement for each month in which
a transaction occurs.
SHAREHOLDER SERVICING AGENT
The Glass-Steagall Act prohibits national banks from engaging in the
business of underwriting, selling or distributing securities. There is
currently no precedent prohibiting banks from performing shareholder servicing
and recordkeeping functions. Changes in federal or state statutes and
regulations pertaining to the permissible activities of banks and their
affiliates or subsidiaries, as well as further judicial or administrative
decisions or interpretations of those provisions, could prevent a bank from
continuing to perform all or a part of such services. If a bank were prohibited
from so acting, the Trustees would consider what actions, if any, would be
necessary to continue to provide efficient and effective shareholder services.
It is not expected that shareholders would suffer any adverse financial
consequences as a result of any of these occurrences.
PURCHASES, REDEMPTION AND REPURCHASE
LETTER OF INTENT ("LOI")
The LOI is a non-binding obligation on the Qualified Purchaser to purchase
the full amount indicated; however, on the initial purchase, if required (or, on
subsequent purchases if necessary), 5% of the dollar amount specified in the LOI
will be held in escrow by the Transfer Agent in shares registered in the
shareholder's name in order to assure payment of the proper sales charge. If
total purchases pursuant to the LOI (less any dispositions and exclusive of any
distribution on such shares automatically reinvested) are less than the amount
specified, the investor will be requested to remit to the Distributor an amount
equal to the difference between the sales charge paid and the
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sales charge applicable to the aggregate purchases actually made. If not
remitted within 20 days after written request, an appropriate number of escrowed
shares will be redeemed in order to realize the difference.
SUSPENSION OF REDEMPTIONS
The Trust may suspend the right of redemption of shares of the Fund and may
postpone payment for any period: (i) during which the New York Stock Exchange
is closed other than customary weekend and holiday closings or during which
trading on the New York Stock Exchange is restricted; (ii) when the SEC
determines that a state of emergency exists which may make payment or transfer
not reasonably practicable; (iii) as the SEC may by order permit for the
protection of the security holders of the Trust; or (iv) at any other time when
the Trust may, under applicable laws and regulations, suspend payment on the
redemption or repurchase of its shares.
TAX-DEFERRED RETIREMENT PLANS
CASH OR DEFERRED PROFIT SHARING PLANS UNDER SECTION 401(k) FOR CORPORATIONS AND
SELF-EMPLOYED INDIVIDUALS
Shares of the Fund may also be purchased as an investment under a specimen
cash or deferred profit sharing plan intended to qualify under Section 401(k) of
the Code (a "401(k) Plan") adopted by a corporation, a self-employed individual
(including sole proprietors and partnerships), or other organization. The Fund
may be used as funding vehicles for qualified retirement plans including 401(k)
plans, which may be administered by third-party administrator organizations.
NYLIFE Distributors does not sponsor or administer such qualified plans at this
time.
INDIVIDUAL RETIREMENT ACCOUNT ("IRA")
Shares of the Fund may also be purchased as an underlying investment for an
IRA made available by NYLIFE Distributors.
An individual may contribute as much as $2,000 of his or her earned income
each year to an IRA, or an aggregate of $2,250 to IRAs for the person and the
person's spouse if the spouse is treated as having no compensation income.
Contributions may be made to a spousal IRA even if the spouse has earnings for
that year if the spouse elects to be treated as having no earnings (for IRA
contribution purposes) for the year.
An individual who has not attained age 70-1/2 may make an IRA contribution
which is deductible for federal income tax purposes only if (i) neither the
individual nor his or her spouse
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(unless filing separate returns and living apart at all times during the taxable
year) is an active participant in an employer's retirement plan, or (ii) the
individual (and his or her spouse, if applicable) has an adjusted gross income
below a certain level ($40,000 for married individuals filing a joint return,
with a phase-out of the deduction for adjusted gross income between $40,000 and
$50,000; $25,000 for a single individual, with a phase-out for adjusted gross
income between $25,000 and $35,000). However, an individual not permitted to
make a deductible contribution to an IRA may nonetheless make nondeductible
contributions up to the maximum contribution limit for that year. The
deductibility of IRA contributions under state law varies from state to state.
Distributions from IRAs (to the extent they are not treated as a tax-free
return of nondeductible contributions) are taxable under federal income tax laws
as ordinary income. There are special rules for determining how withdrawals are
to be taxed if an IRA contains both deductible and nondeductible amounts. In
general, all IRAs are aggregated and treated as one IRA, all withdrawals are
treated as one withdrawal, and then a proportionate amount of the withdrawal
will be deemed to be made from nondeductible contributions; amounts treated as a
return of nondeductible contributions will not be taxable. Certain early
withdrawals are subject to an additional excise tax. There are also special
rules governing when IRA distributions must begin and the minimum amount of such
distributions; failure to comply with these rules can result in the imposition
of an excise tax.
All income and capital gains deriving from IRA investments in the Fund are
reinvested and compound tax-deferred until distributed from the IRA. The
combination of annual contributions which may be deductible and tax-deferred
compounding can lead to substantial retirement savings.
403(b)(7) TAX SHELTERED ACCOUNT
Shares of the Fund may also be purchased as the underlying investment for
tax sheltered custodial accounts made available by NYLIFE Distributors. In
general, employees of tax-exempt organizations described in Section 501(c)(3) of
the Code (such as hospitals, churches, religious, scientific, or literary
organizations and educational institutions) or a public school system are
eligible to participate in a 403(b) plan.
The custodial agreements and forms provided by the Fund's Custodian and
Transfer Agent designate State Street Bank and Trust Company as custodian for
IRAs and 403(b) plans (unless another trustee or custodian is designated by the
individual or group establishing the plan) and contain specific information
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about the plans. Each plan provides that dividends and distributions will be
reinvested automatically. For further details with respect to any plan,
including fees charged by State Street Bank and Trust Company, tax consequences
and redemption information, see the specific documents for that plan.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Shares of the Fund may also be a permitted investment under profit sharing,
pension, and other retirement plans, IRAs, and tax-deferred annuities other than
those offered by the Fund depending on the provisions of the relevant plan.
Third-party administrative services, available for some corporate plans, may
limit or delay the processing of transactions.
The federal tax laws applicable to retirement plans, IRAs and 403(b) plans
are extremely complex and change from time to time. Therefore, an investor
should consult with his or her own professional tax adviser before establishing
any of the tax-deferred retirement plans described above.
CALCULATION OF PERFORMANCE QUOTATIONS
The average annual total return of the Fund is determined for a particular
period by calculating the actual dollar amount of the investment return on a
$1,000 investment in the Fund made at the maximum public offering price at the
beginning of the period, and then calculating the annual compounded rate of
return which would produce that amount. Total return for a period of one year
is equal to the actual return of the Fund during that period. This calculation
assumes a complete redemption of the investment and the deduction of the maximum
contingent deferred sales charge at the end of the period in the case of Class B
shares. In the case of Class A shares, the calculation assumes the maximum
sales charge is deducted from the initial $1,000 purchase order. It also
assumes that all dividends and distributions are reinvested at net asset value
on the reinvestment dates during the period.
In considering any average annual total return quotation, investors should
remember that the maximum initial sales charge reflected in each quotation for
Class A shares is a one-time fee which will have its greatest impact during the
early stages of an investor's investment in the Fund. The actual performance of
your investment will be affected less by this charge the longer you retain your
investment in the Fund.
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Quotations of the Fund's average annual total return will be calculated
according to the following SEC formula:
P(1+T) to the power of n = ERV
where:
P = a hypothetical initial payment of $1,000
T = average annual total return
n = number of years
ERV = ending redeemable value of a hypothetical $1,000 payment made at the
beginning of the 1, 5 or 10-year periods at the end of the 1, 5, or
10-year periods (or fractional portion thereof)
As discussed in the Prospectus, the Fund may quote total rates of return in
addition to its average annual total return. Such quotations are computed in
the same manner as the average annual compounded rate, except that such
quotations will be based on the Fund's actual return for a specified period as
opposed to its average return over 1, 5, and 10-year periods. In considering
any total rate of return quotation, investors should remember that the maximum
initial sales charge reflected in each quotation for Class A shares is a one-
time fee which will have its greatest impact during the early stages of an
investor's investment in the Fund. The actual performance of your investment
will be affected less by this charge the longer you retain your investment in
the Fund.
The performance data that may be quoted represents historical performance
and the investment return and principal value of an investment will fluctuate so
that an investor's shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their
original cost.
The yield of the Fund is computed by dividing its net investment income
(determined in accordance with the following SEC formula) earned during a
recent 30-day period by the product of the average daily number of shares
outstanding and entitled to receive dividends during the period and the maximum
offering price per share on the last day of the period. The results are
compounded on a bond equivalent (semiannual) basis and then they are annualized.
Yield will be calculated using the following SEC formula:
a-b
Yield = 2[(--- + 1) to the power of 6 - 1]
cd
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where:
a = interest earned during the period
b = expenses accrued for the period (net of reimbursements)
c = the average daily number of shares outstanding during the period that
were entitled to receive dividends
d = the maximum offering price per share on the last day of the period
This yield figure does not reflect the deduction of any contingent deferred
sales charges which are imposed upon certain redemptions at the rates set forth
under "Redemptions and Repurchases" in the Prospectus.
The current dividend rate of the Fund for a particular period is calculated
by annualizing total distributions per share from net investment income
(including equalization credits, excluding realized short-term capital gains and
premiums from writing options) during this period and dividing this amount by
the maximum offering price per share on the last day of the period. The current
dividend rate does not reflect all components of the Fund's performance
including (i) realized and unrealized capital gains and losses, which are
reflected in calculations of the Fund's total return, or (ii) the amortized
discount and premium on debt obligations in income using the current market
value of the obligations, as is currently required for yield calculations. In
addition, the current dividend rate does not take into account the imposition of
any contingent deferred sales charge on the redemption of Fund shares.
In addition, advertising for the Fund may indicate that investors may
consider diversifying their investment portfolios in order to seek protection of
the value of their assets against inflation. From time to time, advertising
materials for the Fund may refer to or discuss current or past business,
political, economic or financial conditions, including events as they relate to
those conditions, such as any U.S. monetary or fiscal policies and the current
rate of inflation. In addition, from time to time, advertising materials for
the Fund may include information concerning retirement and investing for
retirement and may refer to the approximate number of then-current Fund
shareholders, shareholder accounts and Fund assets.
From time to time, advertising and sales literature for the Fund may
discuss the investment philosophy, personnel and assets under management of the
Fund's investment adviser, and other pertinent facts relating to the management
of the Fund by the adviser.
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From time to time the Fund may publish an indication of its past
performance as measured by independent sources such as Lipper Analytical
Services, Incorporated, Weisenberger Investment Companies Service, Donoghue's
Money Fund Report, Spot Market Prices, Barron's, BusinessWeek, Changing Times,
-------- ------------ --------------
Financial World, Forbes, Money, Morningstar, Personal Investor, Sylvia Porter's
- --------------- ------ ----- ----------- ----------------- ---------------
Personal Finance, and The Wall Street Journal.
- ---------------- -----------------------
In addition, performance information for the Fund may be compared, in
advertisements, sales literature, and reports to shareholders, to: (i)
unmanaged indexes, such as the Standard & Poor's 500 Composite Stock Price
Index, the Salomon Brothers Broad Investment Grade Bond Index, the Morgan
Stanley Capital International indexes; the Dow Jones Industrial Average,
Donoghue Money Market Institutional Averages, the Merrill Lynch 1 to 3 Year
Treasury Index, the Salomon Brothers World Government Benchmark Bond Index, the
Salomon Brothers non-U.S. Dollar World Government Bond Index, the Lehman
Brothers Municipal Bond Index and the Lehman Brothers Government Corporate
Index; (ii) other groups of mutual funds tracked by Morningstar Inc. or Lipper
Analytical Services, widely used independent research firms which rank mutual
funds by overall performance, investment objectives and assets, or tracked by
other services, companies, publications or persons who rank mutual funds on
overall performance or other criteria; and (iii) the Consumer Price Index
(measure for inflation) and other measures of the performance of the economy to
assess the real rate of return from an investment in the Fund. Unmanaged
indexes may assume the reinvestment of dividends but generally do not reflect
deductions for administrative and management costs and expenses.
From time to time, advertisements for the Fund may include general
information about the services and products offered by The MainStay Funds,
MainStay Institutional Funds Inc. and New York Life Insurance Company and its
subsidiaries. For example, such advertisements may include statistical
information about those entities including, but not limited to, the number of
current shareholder accounts, the amount of assets under management, sales
information, the distribution channels through which the entities' products are
available, marketing efforts and statements about this information by the
entities' officers, directors and employees.
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TAX STATUS
TAXATION OF THE FUNDS
The Fund intends to be treated as a regulated investment company
("RIC") under Subchapter M of the Code. Such qualification does not involve
supervision of management or investment practices or policies by any
governmental agency or bureau.
As a regulated investment company required under Subchapter M of the
Code to distribute at least 90% of its taxable net investment income and net
short-term capital gain in excess of net long-term capital losses (and at least
90% of net tax-exempt interest income), the Fund generally will not be subject
to federal income or excise tax on any of its net investment income or net
realized capital gains which are timely distributed to shareholders. Provided
that the Fund qualifies as a regulated investment company, it generally will not
be subject to any excise or income taxes in Massachusetts. The Fund's
investments, if any, in REMIC residual interests (as explained previously in
this SAI) or in Passive Foreign Investment Companies, as explained below, may
cause the Fund to become liable for certain taxes. Investors that are tax-
exempt organizations should carefully consider whether distributions of the
Fund's earnings will be subject to tax in their hands.
CHARACTER OF DISTRIBUTIONS TO SHAREHOLDERS -- GENERAL
Assuming the Fund qualifies as a RIC, distributions of taxable net
investment income and net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term
capital losses will be treated as ordinary income in the hands of shareholders.
If a Fund's investment income is derived exclusively from interest rather than
dividends, no portion of such distributions will be eligible for the dividends-
received deduction available to corporations. If a portion of a Fund's net
investment income is derived from dividends from domestic corporations, then a
portion of such distributions may be eligible for the corporate dividends-
received deduction. The dividends-received deduction is reduced to the extent
shares of a Fund are treated as debt-financed under the Code and is eliminated
if such shares are deemed to have been held for less than 46 days. In addition,
the entire dividend (including the deducted portion) is includable in the
corporate shareholder's alternative minimum taxable income. Finally, if such
dividends are large enough to constitute "extraordinary dividends" under Section
1059 of the Code, the shareholder's basis in its shares could be reduced by all
or a portion of the amount of the dividends that qualifies for the dividends-
received deduction.
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Distributions of the excess of net long-term capital gain over net
short-term capital loss are taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gain,
if such distributions are designated as capital gain dividends, regardless of
the length of time the shares of the Fund have been held by such shareholders.
Such distributions are not eligible for the corporate dividends-received
deduction. Any loss realized upon the redemption of shares within six months
from the date of their purchase will be treated as a long-term capital loss to
the extent of any capital gain dividends received with respect to such shares
during that six-month period. A loss realized upon a redemption of shares of
the Fund within 30 days before or after a purchase of shares of the Fund
(whether by reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) may be disallowed in
whole or in part.
If any net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital
losses are retained by the Fund for reinvestment, requiring federal income taxes
to be paid thereon by the Fund, the Fund intends to elect to treat such capital
gains as having been distributed to shareholders. As a result, such amounts
will be taxable as long-term capital gains in the hands of the shareholders.
Shareholders will be able to claim their proportionate share of the federal
income taxes paid by the Fund on such gains as a credit against their own
federal income tax liabilities and will be entitled to increase the adjusted tax
basis of Fund shares by the difference between their pro-rata share of such
gains and their tax credit.
Distributions by the Fund result in a reduction in the net asset value
of the Fund's shares. Should a distribution reduce the net asset value below a
shareholder's cost basis, such distribution nevertheless would be taxable to the
shareholder (except to the extent the distribution is an exempt interest
dividend as described below) as ordinary income or capital gain as described
above, even though, from an investment standpoint, it may constitute a partial
return of investment. In particular, investors should be careful to consider
the tax implications of buying shares just prior to a distribution. The price
of shares purchased at that time includes the amount of the forthcoming
distribution. Those investors purchasing shares just prior to a distribution
will then receive a partial return of their investment upon such distribution,
which may nevertheless be taxable to them.
Distributions of taxable net investment income and net realized
capital gains will be taxable as described above, whether received in shares or
in cash. Any distributions that are not from the Fund's net investment income
or net capital gain may be characterized as a return of capital to shareholders
or,
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in some cases, as capital gain. Shareholders electing to receive distributions
in the form of additional shares will have a cost basis for federal income tax
purposes in each share so received equal to the net asset value of such share on
the reinvestment date.
DISCOUNT
Certain of the bonds purchased by the Funds, such as zero coupon
bonds, may be treated as bonds that were originally issued at a discount.
Original issue discount represents interest for federal income tax purposes and
can generally be defined as the difference between the price at which a security
was issued and its stated redemption price at maturity. Original issue
discount, although no cash is actually received by the Fund until the maturity
of the bond, is treated for federal income tax purposes as income earned by the
Fund over the term of the bond, and therefore is subject to the distribution
requirements of the Code. The annual amount of income earned on such a bond by
the Fund generally is determined on the basis of a constant yield to maturity
which takes into account the semiannual compounding of accrued interest.
In addition, some of the bonds may be purchased by the Fund at a
discount which exceeds the original issue discount on such bonds, if any. This
additional discount represents market discount for federal income tax purposes.
The gain realized on the disposition of any bond having market discount,
generally will be treated as taxable ordinary income to the extent it does not
exceed the accrued market discount on such bond (unless the Fund elects to
include market discount in income in tax years to which it is attributable).
Realized accrued market discount on obligations that pay tax-exempt interest is
nonetheless taxable. Generally, market discount accrues on a daily basis for
each day the bond is held by the Fund at a constant rate over the time remaining
to the bond's maturity. In the case of any debt security having a fixed
maturity date of not more than one year from date of issue, the gain realized on
disposition will be treated as short-term capital gain.
EXCISE TAX
The Fund is potentially subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on
amounts required to be but not distributed under a prescribed formula. The
formula generally requires payment to shareholders during a calendar year of
distributions representing at least 98% of the Fund's ordinary income for the
calendar year and at least 98% of the excess of its capital gains over capital
losses realized during the one-year period ending October 31 during such year.
The Fund will adjust its distribution policies
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to minimize any adverse impact from this tax or eliminate its application.
TAXATION OF OPTIONS, FUTURES AND SIMILAR INSTRUMENTS
Many of the options, futures contracts and forward contracts entered
into by the Fund will be classified as "Section 1256 contracts." Generally,
gains or losses on Section 1256 contracts are considered 60% long-term and 40%
short-term capital gains or losses ("60/40"). Also, certain Section 1256
contracts held by a Fund are "marked-to-market" at the times required pursuant
to the Code with the result that unrealized gains or losses are treated as
though they were realized and the resulting gain or loss generally is treated as
60/40 gain or loss, except for foreign currency gain or loss on such contracts,
which generally is ordinary in character.
Gains from hedging transactions generally are taxable so distributions
of such gains generally will be taxable to shareholders. Generally, the hedging
transactions and certain other transactions in options, futures and forward
contracts undertaken by the Fund may result in "straddles" for federal income
tax purposes. The straddle rules may affect the character of gains (or losses)
realized by the Fund. In addition, losses realized by the Fund on positions
that are part of a straddle may be deferred under the straddle rules rather than
being taken into account in the taxable year in which such losses are realized.
Because only a few regulations implementing the straddle rules have been
promulgated, the tax consequences of transactions in options, futures and
forward contracts to the Fund are not entirely clear. The hedging transactions
in which the Fund engages may increase the amount of short-term capital gain
realized by the Fund which is taxed as ordinary income when distributed to
shareholders.
The Fund may make one or more of the elections available under the
Code which are applicable to straddles. If the Fund makes any of the elections,
the amount, character and timing of the recognition of gains or losses from the
affected straddle positions will be determined under rules that vary according
to the election(s) made. The rules applicable under certain of the elections
operate to accelerate the recognition of gains or losses from the affected
straddle positions.
Because application of the straddle rules may affect the character of
gains or losses, defer losses and/or accelerate the recognition of gains or
losses from the affected straddle positions, the amount which must be
distributed to shareholders and which will be taxed to shareholders as ordinary
income or long-term capital gain, may be increased or decreased
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substantially as compared to a fund that did not engage in such hedging
transactions.
The 30% limit on gains from the disposition of certain assets held
less than three months and the diversification requirements applicable to the
Fund's status as a regulated investment company may limit the extent to which
the Fund will be able to engage in transactions in options, futures contracts or
forward contracts.
Rules governing the tax aspects of swap agreements are in a developing
stage and are not entirely clear in certain respects. Accordingly, while the
Fund intends to account for such transactions in a manner they deem to be
appropriate, the IRS might not accept such treatment. If it did not, the status
of the Fund as a regulated investment company might be affected. The Fund
intends to monitor developments in this area. Certain requirements that must be
met under the Code in order for the Fund to qualify as a regulated investment
company may limit the extent to which the Fund will be able to engage in swap
agreements.
PASSIVE FOREIGN INVESTMENT COMPANIES
The Fund may invest in shares of foreign corporations which may be
classified under the Code as passive foreign investment companies ("PFICs"). In
general, a foreign corporation is classified as a PFIC if at least one-half of
its assets constitute investment-type assets or 75% or more of its gross income
is investment-type income. If the Fund receives a so-called "excess
distribution" with respect to PFIC stock, the Fund itself may be subject to a
tax on a portion of the excess distribution, whether or not the corresponding
income is distributed by the Fund to Shareholders. In general, under the PFIC
rules, an excess distribution is treated as having been realized ratably over
the period during which the Fund held the PFIC shares. The Fund itself will be
subject to tax on the portion, if any, of an excess distribution that is so
allocated to prior Fund taxable years and an interest factor will be added to
the tax, as if the tax had been payable in such prior taxable years. Certain
distributions from a PFIC as well as gain from the sale of PFIC shares are
treated as excess distributions. Excess distributions are characterized as
ordinary income even though, absent application of the PFIC rules, certain
excess distributions might have been classified as capital gain.
The Fund may be eligible to elect alternative tax treatment with
respect to PFIC shares. Under an election that currently is available in some
circumstances, the Fund generally would be required to include in its gross
income its share of the earnings
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of a PFIC on a current basis, regardless of whether distributions are received
from the PFIC in a given year. If this election were made, the special rules,
discussed above, relating to the taxation of excess distributions, would not
apply. In addition, another election may be available that would involve
marking-to-market the Fund's PFIC shares at the end of each taxable year (and on
certain other dates prescribed in the Code), with the result that unrealized
gains are treated as though they were realized. If this election were made, tax
at the fund level under the PFIC rules would generally be eliminated, but the
Fund could, in limited circumstances, incur nondeductible interest charges.
Other elections may become available that would affect the tax treatment of PFIC
shares held by the Fund. The Fund's intention to qualify annually as a
regulated investment company may limit its elections with respect to PFIC
shares.
Because the application of the PFIC rules may affect, among other
things, the character of gains, the amount of gain or loss and the timing of the
recognition of income with respect to PFIC shares, as well as subject the Fund
itself to tax on certain income from PFIC shares, the amount that must be
distributed to shareholders, and which will be taxed to shareholders as ordinary
income or long-term capital gain, may be increased or decreased substantially as
compared to the Fund that did not invest in PFIC shares.
FOREIGN CURRENCY GAINS AND LOSSES
Under the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in
exchange rates which occur between the time the Fund accrues income or other
receivables or accrues expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign
currency and the time the Fund actually collects such receivables or pays such
liabilities generally are treated as ordinary income or ordinary loss.
Similarly, on the disposition of debt securities denominated in a foreign
currency and on the disposition of certain options, futures, forward and other
contracts, gain or loss attributable to fluctuations in the value of foreign
currency between the date of acquisition of the security or contract and the
date of disposition also are treated as ordinary gain or loss. These gains or
losses, referred to under the Code as "Section 988" gains or losses, may
increase or decrease the amount of the Fund's net investment income to be
distributed to its shareholders. If Section 988 losses exceed other investment
company taxable income (which includes, among other items, dividends, interest
and the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gains over net long-term
capital losses) during the taxable year, the Fund would not be able to make any
ordinary dividend distributions, and distributions made before the losses were
realized would be recharacterized as a return of capital to
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shareholders or, in some cases, as capital gain, rather than as an ordinary
dividend.
COMMODITY INVESTMENTS
A regulated investment company is required under the Code to derive at
least 90% of its gross income from certain qualifying sources and to have, at
the close of each quarter of the taxable year, at least 50% of the market value
of its assets represented by cash, U.S. government securities, the securities of
other regulated investment companies and other securities, with such other
securities of any one issuer limited for the purposes of this calculation to an
amount not greater than 5% of the value of the Fund's total assets and 10% of
the outstanding voting securities of such issuer. In addition, not more than
25% of the value of the Fund's total assets may be invested in the securities of
any one issuer (other than U.S. government securities or the securities of other
regulated investment companies). Qualifying income includes, inter alia,
----------
interest, dividends, and gain from the sale of stock or securities, but it does
not include gain from the sale of commodities such as gold and other precious
metals.
DISPOSITIONS OF FUND SHARES
Upon redemption, sale or exchange of shares of the Fund, a shareholder
will realize a taxable gain or loss, depending on whether the gross proceeds are
more or less than the shareholder's tax basis for the shares. Such gain or loss
generally will be a capital gain or loss if the shares of the Fund were capital
assets in the hands of the shareholder, and generally will be long- or short-
term, depending on the length of time the shares of the Fund were held. A loss
realized by a shareholder on the redemption, sale or exchange of shares of the
Fund with respect to which capital gain dividends have been paid will, to the
extent of such capital gain dividends, be treated as long-term capital loss if
such shares have been held by the shareholder for six months or less at the time
of their disposition. Furthermore, a loss realized by a shareholder on the
redemption, sale or exchange of shares of the Fund with respect to which exempt-
interest dividends have been paid will, to the extent of such exempt-interest
dividends, be disallowed if such shares have been held by the shareholder for
six months or less at the time of their disposition. A loss realized on a
redemption, sale or exchange also will be disallowed to the extent the shares
disposed of are replaced (whether through reinvestment of distributions, or
otherwise) within a period of 61 days beginning 30 days before and ending 30
days after the shares are disposed of. In such a case, the basis of the shares
acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
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Shareholders should be aware that redeeming shares of the Fund after
tax-exempt interest has been accrued by the Fund but before that income has been
declared as a dividend may be disadvantageous. This is because the gain, if
any, on the redemption will be taxable, even though such gains may be
attributable in part to the accrued tax-exempt interest which, if distributed to
the shareholder as a dividend rather than as redemption proceeds, might have
qualified as an exempt-interest dividend.
Under certain circumstances, the sales charge incurred in acquiring
shares of the Fund may not be taken into account in determining the gain or loss
on the disposition of those shares. This rule applies where shares of the Fund
are exchanged within 90 days after the date they were purchased and new shares
are acquired without a sales charge or at a reduced sales charge. In that case,
the gain or loss recognized on the exchange will be determined by excluding from
the tax basis of the shares exchanged all or a portion of the sales charge
incurred in acquiring those shares. This exclusion applies to the extent that
the otherwise applicable sales charge with respect to the newly acquired shares
is reduced as a result of having incurred a sales charge initially. The portion
of the sales charge affected by this rule will be treated as a sales charge paid
for the new shares.
TAX REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
All distributions, whether received in shares or cash, must be
reported by each shareholder on his or her federal income tax return.
Shareholders are also required to report tax-exempt interest. Dividends
declared and payable to shareholders of record on a specified date in October,
November or December, if any, will be deemed to have been received by
shareholders on December 31 if paid during January of the following year.
Redemptions of shares, including exchanges for shares of another Fund, may
result in tax consequences (gain or loss) to the shareholder and generally are
also subject to these reporting requirements. Each shareholder should consult
his or her own tax adviser to determine the tax status of Fund distributions in
his or her own state and locality.
Under the federal income tax law, the Fund will be required to report
to the IRS all distributions of income (other than exempt-interest dividends)
and capital gains as well as gross proceeds from the redemption or exchange of
Fund shares, except in the case of certain exempt shareholders. Under the
backup withholding provisions of Section 3406 of the Code, all such taxable
distributions and proceeds from the redemption or exchange of a Fund's shares
may be subject to withholding of
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federal income tax at the rate of 31% in the case of nonexempt shareholders who
fail to furnish the Fund with their taxpayer identification number and with
required certifications regarding their status under the federal income tax law
or if the IRS or a broker notifies the Fund that the number furnished by the
shareholder is incorrect. In addition, both the Fund and the shareholder are
potentially subject to a $50 penalty imposed by the IRS if a correct, certified
taxpayer identification number is not furnished and used on required information
returns. If the withholding provisions are applicable, any such distributions
and proceeds, whether taken in cash or reinvested in shares, will be reduced by
the amounts required to be withheld. Backup withholding is not an additional
tax and any amounts withheld are creditable against the shareholder's U.S.
Federal tax liability. Investors may wish to consult their tax advisers about
the applicability of the backup withholding provisions.
FOREIGN TAXES
Investment income and gains received by the Fund from sources outside
the United States may be subject to foreign taxes which were withheld at the
source. If the percentage of the Fund's total assets invested in foreign stocks
and securities at the close of a taxable year is less than [or equal to] 50%,
any foreign tax credits or deductions associated with such foreign taxes will
not be available for use by its shareholders. The effective rate of foreign
taxes to which the Fund will be subject depends on the specific countries in
which the Fund's assets will be invested and the extent of the assets invested
in each such country and, therefore, cannot be determined in advance.
If the percentage of the Fund's total assets invested in foreign stock
and securities is greater than 50% at the close of a taxable year, the Fund may
qualify for and make the election permitted under Section 853 of the Code so
that shareholders will be able to claim a credit or deduction on their federal
income tax returns for, and will be required to treat as part of the amounts
distributed to them, their pro rata portion of qualified taxes paid by the Fund
to foreign countries (which taxes relate primarily to investment income). The
U.S. shareholders of the Fund may claim a foreign tax credit or deduction by
reason of the Fund's election under Section 853 of the Code, provided that more
than 50% of the value of the total assets of the Fund at the close of the
taxable year consists of securities of foreign corporations. The foreign tax
credit and deduction available to shareholders is subject to certain limitations
imposed by the Code. Also, under Section 63 of the Code, no deduction for
foreign taxes may be claimed by shareholders who do not itemize deductions on
their federal income tax returns, although any such shareholder may claim a
credit for foreign taxes and in any event
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will be treated as having taxable income in respect to the shareholder's pro
rata share of foreign taxes paid by the Fund. It should also be noted that a
tax-exempt shareholder, like other shareholders, will be required to treat as
part of the amounts distributed its pro rata portion of the income taxes paid by
the Fund to foreign countries. However, that income will generally be exempt
from taxation by virtue of such shareholder's tax-exempt status, and such a
shareholder will not be entitled to either a tax credit or a deduction with
respect to such income. The foreign tax credit generally may offset only up to
90% of the alternative minimum tax in any given year. Foreign taxes generally
are not deductible in computing alternative minimum taxable income.
STATE AND LOCAL TAXES - GENERAL
The state and local tax treatment of distributions received from the
Fund and any special tax considerations associated with foreign investments of
the Fund should be examined by shareholders with regard to their own tax
situations.
EXPLANATION OF FUND DISTRIBUTIONS
Each distribution is accompanied by a brief explanation of the form
and character of the distribution. In January of each year, the Fund will issue
to each shareholder a statement of the federal income tax status of all
distributions.
GENERAL INFORMATION
The foregoing discussion generally relates to U.S. federal income tax
law as applicable to U.S. persons (i.e., U.S. citizens and residents and U.S.
domestic corporations, partnerships, trusts and estates). Each shareholder who
is not a U.S. person should consult his or her tax adviser regarding the U.S.
and non-U.S. tax consequences of ownership of shares of the Fund, including the
possibility that such a shareholder may be subject to a U.S. withholding tax at
a rate of 30% (or at a lower rate under an applicable U.S. income tax treaty) on
amounts constituting ordinary income to him or her.
This discussion of the federal income tax treatment of each Fund and
its shareholders is based on the federal income tax law in effect as of the
date of this SAI.
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ORGANIZATION AND CAPITALIZATION
GENERAL
The Fund is a separate series of an open-end investment company, The
MainStay Funds (the "Trust"), established under the laws of The Commonwealth of
Massachusetts by a Declaration of Trust dated January 9, 1986, as amended. The
Fund commenced operations on March 1, 1997.
The organizational expenses of the Fund will be amortized and deferred
over a period not to exceed 60 months.
VOTING RIGHTS
Shares entitle their holders to one vote per share; however, separate
votes will be taken by the Fund or class on matters affecting the Fund or a
particular class of shares issued by the Fund. Shares have noncumulative voting
rights, which means that holders of more than 50% of the shares voting for the
election of Trustees can elect all Trustees and, in such event, the holders of
the remaining shares voting for the election of Trustees will not be able to
elect any person or persons as Trustees. Shares have no preemptive or
subscription rights and are transferable.
SHAREHOLDER AND TRUSTEE LIABILITY
The Trust is an entity of the type commonly known as a "Massachusetts
business trust." Under Massachusetts law, shareholders of such a trust may,
under certain circumstances, be held personally liable as partners for the
obligations of the trust. The Declaration of Trust contains an express
disclaimer of shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Trust.
Notice of such disclaimer will normally be given in each agreement, obligation
or instrument entered into or executed by the Trust or the Trustees. The
Declaration of Trust provides for indemnification by the relevant Fund for any
loss suffered by a shareholder as a result of an obligation of the Fund. The
Declaration of Trust also provides that the Trust shall, upon request, assume
the defense of any claim made against any shareholder for any act or obligation
of the Trust and satisfy any judgment thereon. Thus, the risk of a shareholder
incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to
circumstances in which a Fund would be unable to meet its obligations. The
Trustees believe that, in view of the above, the risk of personal liability of
shareholders is remote.
The Declaration of Trust further provides that the Trustees will not
be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law, but nothing in the
Declaration of Trust protects a Trustee
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against any liability to which he or she would otherwise be subject by reason of
willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the
duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
OTHER INFORMATION
INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
Price Waterhouse LLP, 1177 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York,
10036, has been selected as independent public accountants of the Trust.
LEGAL COUNSEL
Dechert Price & Rhoads, 1500 K Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005,
passes upon certain legal matters in connection with the shares offered by the
Trust, and also acts as counsel to the Trust.
CODE OF ETHICS
The Trust has adopted a Code of Ethics governing personal trading
activities of all Trustees, officers of the Trust and persons who, in connection
with their regular functions, play a role in the recommendation of any purchase
or sale of a security by the Trust or obtain information pertaining to such
purchase or sale or who have the power to influence the management or policies
of the Trust or an Investment Adviser unless such power is the result of their
position with the Trust or Investment Adviser. Such persons are generally
required to preclear all security transactions with the Trust's Compliance
Officer or his designee and to report all transactions on a regular basis. The
Trust has developed procedures for administration of the Code.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited financial statements relating to the Fund will be prepared
semi-annually and distributed to shareholders. Audited financial statements
will be prepared annually and distributed to shareholders.
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THE MAINSTAY FUNDS
PART C. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 24. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS
a. Financial Statements for MainStay Strategic Income Fund:
Not Applicable
b. Exhibits:
1. (a) Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust dated August 30,
1991 -- Previously filed as Exhibit 1(a) to Post-Effective
Amendment No. 13*
(b) Fifth Amended and Restated Establishment and Designation of
Series of Shares of Beneficial Interest, Par Value $.01 Per Share
dated October 26, 1992 -- Previously filed as Exhibit 1(b) to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 16*
(c) Establishment and Designation of Additional Series of Shares of
Beneficial Interest, Par Value $.01 Per Share -- Previously filed
as Exhibit 1(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 11*
(d) Form of Establishment and Designation of Additional Series of
Shares of Beneficial Interest, Par Value $.01 Per Share --
Previously filed as Exhibit 1(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No.
23*
(e) Form of Declaration of Trust as Amended and Restated December 31,
1994 -- Previously filed as Exhibit 1(e) to Post-Effective
Amendment No. 27*
(f) Form of Establishment and Designation of Additional Series of
Shares of Beneficial Interest, Par Value $.01 Per Share --
Previously filed as Exhibit 1(e) to Post-Effective Amendment No.
28*
(g) Form of Establishment and Declaration of MainStay Strategic
Income Fund as a Series of Registrant**
2. (a) Amended and Restated By-laws dated August 30, 1991 -- Previously
filed as Exhibit 2 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 13*
(b) Amended and Restated By-Laws dated December 31, 1994 --
Previously filed as Exhibit 2(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No.
32*
____________________
* Previously filed as part of this Registration Statement and incorporated
herein by reference.
** To be filed by amendment.
<PAGE>
3. Inapplicable
4. Specimen Share Certificate -- Previously filed as Exhibit 4 to
Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2*
5. (a) (1) Revised Form of Investment Advisory Agreement --Capital
Appreciation Fund -- Previously filed as Exhibit 5(a)(1) to
Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2*
(2) Revised Form of Investment Advisory Agreement -- Value Fund
-- Previously filed as Exhibit 5(a)(2) to Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 2*
(3) Revised Form of Investment Advisory Agreement -- Convertible
Fund -- Previously filed as Exhibit 5(a)(3) to Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 2*
(4) Revised Form of Investment Advisory Agreement -- High Yield
Corporate Bond Fund --Previously filed as Exhibit 5(a)(4) to
Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2*
(5) Revised Form of Investment Advisory Agreement -- Government
Fund -- Previously filed as Exhibit 5(a)(5) to Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 2*
(6) Revised Form of Investment Advisory Agreement -- Money
Market Fund -- Previously filed as Exhibit 5(a)(6) to Pre-
Effective Amendment No. 2*
(7) Form of Investment Advisory Agreement -- Tax Free Bond Fund
-- Previously filed as Exhibit 5(a)(7) to Post-Effective
Amendment No. 2*
(8) Revised Form of Investment Advisory Agreement -- Total
Return Fund -- Previously filed as Exhibit 5(a)(9) to Post-
Effective Amendment No. 4*
(9) Form of Investment Advisory Agreement --Equity Index Fund --
Previously filed as Exhibit 5(a) to Post-Effective Amendment
No. 7*
(10) Form of Investment Advisory Agreement --California Tax Free
Fund and New York Tax Free Fund -- Previously filed as
Exhibit 5(a) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 11*
____________________
* Previously filed as part of this Registration Statement and incorporated
herein by reference.
** To be filed by amendment.
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<PAGE>
(11) Form of Investment Advisory Agreement --International Equity
Fund and International Bond Fund -- Previously filed as
Exhibit 5 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 23*
(12) Form of Investment Advisory Agreement--Strategic Income
Fund**
6.(a)(1) Form of Distribution Agreement -- Previously filed as Exhibit
6(a) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 22*
(b) Form of Soliciting Dealer Agreement -- Previously filed as
Exhibit 6(b) to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1*
7. Inapplicable
8.(a) Custodian Contract with State Street Bank and Trust Company --
Previously filed as Exhibit 8(a) to Pre-Effective Amendment No.
1*
(b) Fee schedule for Exhibit 8(a) -- Previously filed as Exhibit 8(b)
to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2*
(c) Custodian Contract with The Bank of New York --Previously filed
as Exhibit 8(a) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 7*
9.(a)(1) Transfer Agency and Service Agreement --Previously filed as
Exhibit 9(a)(1) to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1*
(2) Fee schedule for Exhibit 9(a)(1) -- Previously filed as Exhibit
9(a)(2) to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2*
(3) Indemnification Agreement -- Previously filed as Exhibit 9(a)(3)
to Post-Effective Amendment No. 1*
(b)(1) Form of Administration Agreement -- Equity Index Fund --
Previously filed as Exhibit 9(b) to Post Effective Amendment No.
20*
(2) Form of Administration Agreement -- California Tax Free Fund and
New York Tax Free Fund -- Previously filed as Exhibit 9(b) to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 21*
(3) Form of Composite Administration Agreement --Capital Appreciation
Fund, Value Fund, Convertible Fund, Total Return Fund, High Yield
Corporate Bond Fund, Government Fund and Tax Free Bond Fund --
Previously filed as Exhibit 9(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No.
22*
____________________
* Previously filed as part of this Registration Statement and incorporated
herein by reference.
** To be filed by amendment.
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<PAGE>
(4) Form of Administration Agreement -- International Equity Fund and
International Bond Fund --Previously filed as Exhibit 9(b) to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 23*
(5) Form of Administration Agreement -- Strategic Income Fund**
(c)(1) Form of Fund Accounting Service Agreement --Previously filed as
Exhibit 9(11) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 6*
(2) Form of Fund Accounting Service Agreement --Strategic Income
Fund**
(d) Form of Guaranty Agreement -- Equity Index Fund --Previously
filed as Exhibit 9(c) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 7*
(e) Form of Services Agreement between The MainStay Funds and NYLIFE
Distributors Inc. -- Previously filed as Exhibit 9(b) to Post-
Effective Amendment No. 25*
(f) Form of Service Agreement -- Previously filed as Exhibit 9(g) to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 33
10. Opinion and consent of counsel***
11. Consent of independent accountants**
12. Inapplicable
13. Investment representation letter relating to initial capital --
Previously filed as Exhibit 13 to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1*
14.(a)(1) Revised Form of 403(b) Account Application --Previously filed as
Exhibit 14(a)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 3*
(2) Revised Form of 403(b) Custodial Agreement --Previously filed as
Exhibit 14(a)(2) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 3*
(b)(1) Form of 401(k) Adoption Agreement -- Previously filed as Exhibit
14(b)(1) to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2*
(2) Form of 401(k) Plan and Trust -- Previously filed as Exhibit
14(b)(2) to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2*
____________________
* Previously filed as part of this Registration Statement and incorporated
herein by reference.
** To be filed by amendment.
*** Previously filed with Rule 24f-2 Notice on February 26, 1996 and
incorporated herein by reference.
C-4
<PAGE>
(c)(1) Form of IRS Form 5305-A -- Previously filed as Exhibit 14(c)(1)
to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2*
(2) Revised Form of IRS Adoption Agreement and Custodian Disclosure
Statement*
(3) Form of MainStay Funds Individual Retirement Account Application
and Transfer Request*
15.(a)(1) Form of Composite Plan of Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1
(Class A shares) as approved October 30, 1995 -- Capital
Appreciation Fund, Value Fund, Convertible Fund, Total Return
Fund, High Yield Corporate Bond Fund, Government Fund and Tax
Free Bond Fund -- Previously filed as Exhibit 15(a)(1) to Post-
Effective Amendment No. 32*
(2) Form of Composite Plan of Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1
(Class B Shares) as approved October 30, 1995 -- Capital
Appreciation Fund, Value Fund, Convertible Fund, Global Fund,
Total Return Fund, Natural Resources/Gold Fund, High Yield
Corporate Bond Fund, Government Fund and Tax Free Bond Fund --
Previously filed as Exhibit 15(a)(2) to Post-Effective Amendment
No. 32*
(3) Form of Plan of Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 (Class A
Shares) as approved October 30, 1995 -- International Equity Fund
and International Bond Fund
(4) Form of Plan of Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 (Class B
Shares) as approved October 30, 1995 -- International Equity Fund
and International Bond Fund
(5) Form of Plan of Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 (Class A
Shares) as approved October 30, 1995 -- California Tax Free Fund,
New York Tax Free Fund and Equity Index Fund
(6) Form of Plan of Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 (Class B
Shares) as approved October 30, 1995 -- California Tax Free Fund
and New York Tax Free Fund
(7) Form of Plan of Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 (Class A
Shares) -- MainStay Strategic Income Fund**
(8) Form of Plan of Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 (Class B
Shares) -- MainStay Strategic Income Fund**
____________________
* Previously filed as part of this Registration Statement and incorporated
herein by reference.
** To be filed by amendment.
C-5
<PAGE>
16. Inapplicable
17. Inapplicable
18. Form of Multiple Class Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 -- Previously
filed as Exhibit 18 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 30*
ITEM 25. PERSONS CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON CONTROL WITH REGISTRANT
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Jurisdiction of Percent of Voting
Name+ Organization Securities Owned
- ----- --------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C>
Eagle Strategies Corporation Arizona 100%
Greystone Realty Corporation which owns 100% Delaware 100%
of the shares of:
Greystone Realty Management, Inc.
NYLIFE Administration Corp. Texas 100%
(doing business as NYLACOR)
MacKay-Shields Financial Corporation Delaware 100%
MSC Holding, Inc. (formerly Magnus Software Georgia 85.43%
Corporation, Inc.)
MainStay Institutional Funds Inc. Maryland ***
Monitor Capital Advisors, Inc. Delaware 100%
NAFCO Inc. Delaware 100%
which owns 83.33% of NYLIFE
Structured Asset Management Company Ltd.
New York Life Capital Corporation New York 100%
New York Life Fund, Inc. New York *
New York Life Insurance and Annuity Delaware 100%
Corporation
</TABLE>
____________________
* Previously filed as part of this Registration Statement and incorporated
herein by reference.
C-6
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Jurisdiction of Percent of Voting
Name+ Organization Securities Owned
- ----- --------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C>
New York Life International Investment Inc. Delaware
which owns 100% of the shares of:
Monetary Research Ltd. Bermuda
and 100% of the shares of:
NYL Management Limited which owns United Kingdom
33.345% of the shares of:
Japan Gamma Asset Management Limited Japan 100%
MainStay VP Series Fund, Inc. Maryland *
New York Life Settlement Corporation Delaware 100%
New York Life Worldwide Holding, Inc., which Delaware 100%
owns 100% of the shares of:
New York Life Worldwide Capital, Inc.
New York Life Worldwide Development, Inc.
New York Life Worldwide (Bermuda) Ltd. Bermuda
New York Life Insurance Worldwide Ltd.
and owns 99.97% of the shares of
New York Life (U.K.) Ltd., which owns United Kingdom
100% of the shares of:
W Home Loans Limited
W Trust Managers Limited
WIM Limited
Construction Company Limited
Windsor Financial Services Limited
Gresham Unit Trust Managers Limited
Gresham Mortgage Limited
Gresham Trustees Limited
Gresham Financial Services Limited
(U.K.) HC, Ltd., which owns 100% of the
shares of:
WFMI Ltd.
WUT(N), Ltd.
WUT, Ltd.
WIM (AIM) Ltd.
WLIC, Ltd., which owns
100% of the shares of:
Windsor Pension Trustees, Ltd.
and owns 51% of the shares of:
KOHAP New York Life Insurance Ltd. South Korea
and owns 50.2% of the shares of:
P.T. Asuransi Jiwa Sewu-New York Life and Indonesia
owns 49% of the shares of:
GEO New York Life, S.A. and owns Mexico
31.25% of the shares of:
</TABLE>
C-7
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Jurisdiction of Percent of Voting
Name+ Organization Securities Owned
- ----- --------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C>
Life Assurance Holding Corporation Limited, United Kingdom
which owns 100% of the shares of:
Windsor Life Assurance Company Limited
Gresham Life Assurance Society Limited
NYLCO, Inc. New York 100%
NYLIFE Depositary Corporation which owns Delaware 100%
16.67% of NYLIFE Structured Asset Texas
Management Company Ltd.
New York Life Benefit Services, Inc. which owns Massachusetts 100%
100% of ADQ Insurance Agency Inc.
NYL Trust Company Massachusetts 100%
NYLICO, Inc. New York 100%
(formerly New York Life Capital Corp.)
NYLIFE Distributors Inc. Delaware 100%
NYLIFE Equity Inc. Delaware 100%
NYLIFE Funding Inc. Delaware 100%
NYLIFE Healthcare Management Inc., which Delaware
owns 46.3% of total combined stock and
89.6% of the voting rights of:
Express Scripts, Inc., which owns 100% of
the shares of:
Great Plains Reinsurance Company Arizona
Practice Patterns Science, Inc. Delaware
ESI Canada Holdings, Inc., which owns Canada
100% of the shares of:
ESI Canada, Inc.
IVTx of Houston, Inc. Texas
IVTx of Dallas, Inc.
PhyNet, Inc.
NYLCare Health Plans, Inc. Delaware
(formerly Sanus Corp. Health Systems),
which owns 100% of the shares of:
New York Life and Health Insurance
Company
</TABLE>
C-8
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Jurisdiction of Percent of Voting
Name+ Organization Securities Owned
- ----- --------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C>
Avanti Health Systems, Inc., which owns Texas
100% of the shares of:
Avanti of the District, Inc. Maryland
Avanti of Illinois, Inc. Illinois
Avanti of New York, Inc. New York
Avanti of New Jersey, Inc. New Jersey
and owns 80% of the shares of:
NYLCare Health Plans of the Mid-
Atlantic, Inc., which owns 100% of the Maryland
shares of:
Physicians Health Services
Foundation, Inc.
HealthPlus-D.C., Inc. District of
Columbia
Lonestar Holding Co., which owns 100% of Delaware
the shares of:
Lone Star Health Plan, Inc., which Texas
owns 100% of the shares of:
NYLCare Health Plans of the New York
Gulf Coast, Inc.
Prime Provider Corp., which owns 100% of
the shares of:
Prime Provider Corp. of Texas Texas
NYLCare of Connecticut, Inc. Connecticut
Sanus Dental Plan of New Jersey, Inc. New Jersey
NYLCare Dental Plans of the Southwest, Inc. Texas
NYLCare Health Plans of New York, Inc. New York
NYLCare Health Plans of Connecticut, Inc. Connecticut
NYLCare Health Plans of the Midwest, Inc. Illinois
NYLCare Health Plans of New Jersey, Inc. New Jersey
NYLCare of Texas, Inc., which owns Texas
100% of the shares of:
NYLCare Passport PPO of the
Southwest
Sanus Preferred Providers West, Inc. California
Sanus Preferred Services, Inc. Maryland
Sanus Preferred Services of Illinois, Inc. Illinois
NYLCare Health Plans of the Texas
Southwest, Inc.
WellPath of Arizona Reinsurance Arizona
Company
NYLCare Health Plans of Louisiana, Louisiana
Inc.
</TABLE>
C-9
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Jurisdiction of Percent of Voting
Name+ Organization Securities Owned
- ----- --------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C>
Sanus of Maine, Inc. Delaware
Sanus - Northeast, Inc.
NYLCare Health Plans of Maine, Inc. Maine
NYLCare NC Holdings, Inc. North Carolina
WellPath Community Health Plan Delaware
Holdings, L.L.C.
which owns 100% of WPCHP Holdings
and 99% of:
WellPath Preferred Services, L.L.C.
and
WellPath Select Holdings, L.L.C.
WellPath of Carolina, Inc.
WellPath Select, Inc.
Sanus of New York and New Jersey, Inc. New York
NYLCare Health Plans of Pennsylvania
Doc Servco, Inc.
The ETHIX Corporation, which owns Delaware
100% of the shares of:
ETHIX Assist, Inc. Oregon
ETHIX Great Lakes, Inc. Michigan
ETHIX Mid-Atlantic, Inc., which Pennsylvania
owns 100% of the shares of:
PriMed, Inc. New Jersey
ETHIX Midlands, Inc. Delaware
ETHIX Mid-Rivers, Inc. Missouri
ETHIX National, Inc. Oregon
ETHIX Northwest Public Services, Washington
Inc.
ETHIX Northwest, Inc.
NYLCare Health Plans of the
Northwest, Inc.
ETHIX Pacific, Inc. Oregon
ETHIX Risk Management, Inc.
ETHIX Southeast, Inc. North Carolina
ETHIX Southwest, Inc. Texas
Benefit Panel Services which owns 6.67% of the
shares VivaHealth, Incorporated
One Liberty Plaza Holdings, Inc. New York
NYLIFE Inc. New York 100%
NYLIFE Insurance Company of Arizona Arizona 100%
NYLIFE Realty Inc. which owns 100% of the Delaware 100%
shares of: CNP Realty Investments, Inc. Delaware
</TABLE>
C-10
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Jurisdiction of Percent of Voting
Name+ Organization Securities Owned
- ----- --------------- ------------------
<S> <C> <C>
NYLIFE Refinery, Inc. Delaware 100%
NYLIFE Resources Inc. Delaware 100%
NYLIFE Securities Inc. New York 100%
NYLTEMPS Inc. Delaware 100%
</TABLE>
_____________________
+ By including the indicated corporations in this list, New York Life is not
stating or admitting that said corporations are under its actual control;
rather, these corporations are listed here to ensure full compliance with
the requirements of this Form N-1A.
* New York Life serves as investment adviser to these entities, the shares
of which are held of record by separate accounts of New York Life (for the
New York Life Fund, Inc.) and NYLIAC (for the MainStay VP Series Fund,
Inc.). New York Life disclaims any beneficial ownership and control of
these entities.
** New York Life Foundation does not issue voting securities.
*** MacKay-Shields Financial Corporation and Monitor Capital Advisors, Inc.
serve as investment advisers to this entity.
C-11
<PAGE>
ITEM 26. NUMBER OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES (AS OF ______________, 199__)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(2)
(1) NUMBER OF
TITLE OF CLASS RECORD HOLDERS
-------------- --------------
Shares of Common Stock: Class A Class B
-------------- -------
<S> <C> <C>
Shares of beneficial interest,
Capital Appreciation Fund _______ ______
Shares of beneficial interest,
Value Fund _______ ______
Shares of beneficial interest,
Convertible Fund _______ ______
Shares of beneficial interest,
High Yield Corporate Bond Fund _______ ______
Shares of beneficial interest,
Government Fund _______ ______
Shares of beneficial interest,
Tax Free Bond Fund _______ ______
Shares of beneficial interest,
Money Market Fund _______ ______
Shares of beneficial interest,
Total Return Fund _______ ______
Shares of beneficial interest,
Equity Index Fund _______ ______
Shares of beneficial interest,
California Tax Free Fund _______ ______
Shares of beneficial interest,
New York Tax Free Fund _______ ______
Shares of beneficial interest,
International Equity Fund _______ ______
Shares of beneficial interest,
International Bond Fund _______ ______
Shares of beneficial interest,
Strategic Income Fund _______ ______
</TABLE>
ITEM 27. INDEMNIFICATION
New York Life Insurance Company maintains Directors & Officers Liability
insurance coverage totaling $100 million. The coverage limit applies each year
and has been extended to cover Directors, Trustees and Officers of the Trust,
and subsidiaries and certain affiliates of New York Life. Subject to the
policies' terms, conditions, deductible and retentions, Directors, Officers and
Trustees are covered for claims, including related expenses, made against them
while acting in
C-12
<PAGE>
their capacities as such. The primary policy in the amount of $25 million is
issued by National Union Fire Insurance Company of Pittsburgh, PA, and the
excess policies in the amount at $75 million are issued by various insurance
companies. The issuing insurance companies may be changed from time to time and
there is no assurance that any or all of the current coverage will be maintained
by New York Life.
Article IV of Registrant's Declaration of Trust states as follows:
Section 4.3. Mandatory Indemnification.
(a) Subject to the exceptions and limitations contained in paragraph (b)
below:
(i) every person who is, or has been, a Trustee or officer of the Trust
shall be indemnified by the Trust, or by one or more Series thereof if the
claim arises from his or her conduct with respect to only such Series to
the fullest extent permitted by law against all liability and against all
expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him in connection with any claim,
action, suit or proceeding in which he becomes involved as a party or
otherwise by virtue of his being or having been a Trustee or officer and
against amounts paid or incurred by him in the settlement thereof;
(ii) the words "claim," "action," "suit," or "proceeding" shall apply
to all claims, actions, suits or proceedings (civil, criminal, or other,
including appeals), actual or threatened; and the words "liability" and
"expenses" shall include, without limitation, attorneys' fees, costs,
judgments, amounts paid in settlement, fines, penalties and other
liabilities.
(b) No indemnification shall be provided hereunder to a Trustee or
officer:
(i) against any liability to the Trust or a Series thereof or the
Shareholders by reason of a final adjudication by a court or other body
before which a proceeding was brought that he engaged in willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the
duties involved in the conduct of his office;
(ii) with respect to any matter as to which he shall have been finally
adjudicated not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that
his action was in the best interest of the Trust or a Series thereof;
C-13
<PAGE>
(iii) in the event of a settlement or other disposition not involving a
final adjudication as provided in paragraph (b)(i) or (b)(ii) resulting in
a payment by a Trustee or officer, unless there has been a determination
that such Trustee or officer did not engage in willful misfeasance, bad
faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the
conduct of his office;
(A) by the court or other body approving the settlement or other
disposition; or
(B) based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to
a full trial-type inquiry) by (x) vote of a majority of the
Disinterested Trustees acting on the matter (provided that a majority of
the Disinterested Trustees then in office act on the matter) or (y)
written opinion of independent legal counsel.
(c) The rights of indemnification herein provided may be insured against
by policies maintained by the Trust, shall be severable, shall not affect any
rights to which any Trustee or officer may now or hereafter be entitled, shall
continue as to a person who has ceased to be such Trustee or officer and shall
inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors, administrators and assigns of such
a person. Nothing contained herein shall affect any rights to indemnification
to which personnel of the Trust other than Trustees and officers may be entitled
by contract or otherwise under law.
(d) Expenses of preparation and presentation of a defense to any claim,
action, suit, or proceedings of the character described in paragraph (a) of this
Section 4.3 shall be advanced by the Trust or a Series thereof to final
disposition thereof upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the
recipient, to repay such amount if it is ultimately determined that he is not
entitled to indemnification under this Section 4.3, provided that either:
(i) such undertaking is secured by surety bond or some other
appropriate security provided by the recipient, or the Trust or a Series
thereof shall be insured against losses arising out of any such advances;
or
(ii) a majority of the Non-interested Trustees acting on the matter
(provided that a majority of the Disinterested Trustees acts on the matter)
or an independent legal counsel in a written opinion shall determine, based
upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type
inquiry), that
C-14
<PAGE>
there is reason to believe that the recipient ultimately will be found
entitled to indemnification.
As used in this Section 4.3, a "Non-interested Trustee" is one who is not
(i) an "Interested Person" of the Trust (including anyone who has been exempted
from being an "Interested Person" by any rule, regulation or order of the
Commission), or (ii) involved in the claim, action, suit or proceeding.
ITEM 28. BUSINESS OR OTHER CONNECTIONS OF INVESTMENT ADVISER
The business of MacKay-Shields Financial Corporation and of Monitor Capital
Advisors, Inc. is summarized under "Know with Whom You're Investing" in the
Prospectus constituting Part A of this Registration Statement, which summary is
incorporated herein by reference.
The business or other connections of each director and officer of MacKay-
Shields Financial Corporation is currently listed in the investment adviser
registration on Form ADV for MacKay-Shields Financial Corporation (File No. 801-
5594) and is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
The business or other connections of each director and officer of Monitor
Capital Advisors, Inc. is currently listed in the investment adviser
registration on Form ADV for Monitor Capital Advisors, Inc. (File No. 801-34412)
and is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 29. PRINCIPAL UNDERWRITERS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(a) None.
(b)
(3)
(1) (2) Positions and
Name and Principal Position and Office with Offices with
Business Address NYLIFE Distributors Inc. Registrant
- ------------------- ------------------------ -------------
<S> <C> <C>
Boyce, Jefferson C. Director and President and Chief Senior Vice President
51 Madison Avenue Executive Officer
New York, NY 10010
Adasse, Louis H. Corporate Vice President None
51 Madison Avenue,
New York, NY 10010
Boyle, Patrick G. Director None
260 Cherry Hill Road
Parsippany, NJ 07054
Kane, Alice T. Director Chairperson
51 Madison Avenue
</TABLE>
C-15
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(3)
(1) (2) Positions and
Name and Principal Position and Office with Offices with
Business Address NYLIFE Distributors Inc. Registrant
- ------------------- ------------------------ -------------
<S> <C> <C>
New York, NY 10010
Wecker, Richard A. Director None
51 Madison Avenue
New York, NY 10010
Polis, Anthony W. Vice President and Chief Chief Financial Officer
Morris Corporate Center I Financial Officer
Building A
300 Interpace Parkway
Parsippany, NJ 07054
Calhoun, Jay S. Vice President and Treasurer None
51 Madison Avenue
New York, NY 10010
Ubl, Walter W. Director and Senior Vice President President and Chief
260 Cherry Hill Road Executive Officer
Parsippany, NJ 07054
Warga, Thomas J. Senior Vice President and General Auditor None
51 Madison Avenue
New York, NY 10010
Livornese, Linda M. Vice President None
51 Madison Avenue
New York, NY 10010
Murray, Thomas J. Corporate Vice President None
51 Madison Avenue
New York, NY 10010
Zuccaro, Richard W. Tax Vice President Tax Vice
51 Madison Avenue President
New York, NY 10010
Brady, Robert E. Vice President None
260 Cherry Hill Road
Parsippany, NJ 07054
Mistero, Frank Vice President None
260 Cherry Hill Road
Parsippany, NJ 07054
Miller, Paul C. Corporate Vice President None
260 Cherry Hill Road
Parsippany, NJ 07054
O'Byrne, John H. Vice President and Chief None
51 Madison Avenue Compliance Officer
New York, NY 10010
Daoust, George R. Assistant Vice President None
Morris Corporate Center I
Building A
300 Interpace Parkway
Parsippany, NJ 07054
</TABLE>
C-16
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
(3)
(1) (2) Positions and
Name and Principal Position and Office with Offices with
Business Address NYLIFE Distributors Inc. Registrant
- ------------------- ------------------------ -------------
<S> <C> <C>
Arizmendi, Arphiela Assistant Vice President Assistant Treasurer
Morris Corporate Center I
Building A
300 Interpace Parkway
Parsippany, NJ 07054
Cirillo, Antoinette B. Assistant Vice President Assistant Treasurer
Morris Corporate Center I
Building A
300 Interpace Parkway
Parsippany, NJ 07054
Lorito, Geraldine Assistant Vice President Assistant Treasurer
Morris Corporate Center I
Building A
300 Interpace Parkway
Parsippany, NJ 07054
Gomez, Mark A. Assistant Secretary None
51 Madison Avenue
New York, NY 10010
Brenner, Nancy Secretary None
51 Madison Avenue
New York, NY 10010
</TABLE>
(c) Inapplicable.
ITEM 30. LOCATION OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS.
Certain accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by
Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Rules promulgated
thereunder are maintained at the offices of the Registrant and NYLIFE
Distributors Inc., Morris Corporate Center I, Building A, 300 Interpace Parkway,
Parsippany, NJ 07054, at MacKay-Shields Financial Corporation, 9 West 57th
Street, New York, NY 10019; Monitor Capital Advisors, Inc., 504 Carnegie Center,
Princeton, New Jersey 08540. Records relating to the duties of the Registrant's
custodian and transfer agent are maintained by State Street Bank and Trust
Company, 1776 Heritage Drive, Quincy, MA 02171; and records relating to
Registrant's custodian for the California Tax Free Fund, New York Tax Free Fund,
International Equity Fund, International Bond Fund, Equity Index Fund and
Strategic Income Fund are maintained by The Bank of New York, 110 Washington
Street, New York, NY 10286.
C-17
<PAGE>
ITEM 31. MANAGEMENT SERVICES.
Inapplicable.
ITEM 32. UNDERTAKINGS.
b. The Registrant hereby undertakes to file a post-effective amendment,
including financial statements relating to the MainStay Strategic Income
Fund, which need not be certified, within four to six months from the
effective date of this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration
Statement under the Securities Act of 1933.
c. The Registrant hereby undertakes to furnish each person to whom a
prospectus is delivered a copy of the Registrant's latest annual report to
shareholders upon request and without charge.
Other. Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities
Act of 1933 may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling
persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or
otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the
Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against
public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore,
unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against
such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses
incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the
Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or
proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person
in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant
will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled
by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate
jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is
against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by
the final adjudication of such issue.
C-18
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the
Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant has duly caused this Post-
Effective Amendment No. 34 to its Registration Statement to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Washington
and the District of Columbia, on the 13th day of December, 1996.
THE MAINSTAY FUNDS
By: ****
-------------------------------
WALTER W. UBL, President
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Post-
Effective Amendment No. 34 to the Registration Statement has been signed below
by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Signatures Title Date
---------- ----- ----
<S> <C> <C>
***** Chairperson and December 13, 1996
- ----------------------- Trustee
ALICE T. KANE
**** President (Chief December 13, 1996
- ----------------------- Executive Officer
WALTER W. UBL and Trustee)
** Chief Financial December 13, 1996
- ----------------------- Officer (Principal
ANTHONY W. POLIS Financial and
Accounting Officer)
- ----------------------- Trustee December 13, 1996
HARRY G. HOHN
****** Trustee December 13, 1996
- -----------------------
DONALD E. NICKELSON
* Trustee December 13, 1996
- -----------------------
NANCY M. KISSINGER
*** Trustee December 13, 1996
- -----------------------
TERRY L. LIERMAN
****** Trustee December 13, 1996
- -----------------------
RICHARD S. TRUTANIC
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
*** Trustee December 13, 1996
- ----------------------
DONALD K. ROSS
Trustee December 13, 1996
- ----------------------
EDWARD J. HOGAN
/s/ Jeffrey L. Steele
- ----------------------
JEFFREY L. STEELE
</TABLE>
* Executed by Jeffrey L. Steele pursuant to a power of attorney filed with
Post-Effective Amendment No. 6 to the Registration Statement on December
22, 1989.
** Executed by Jeffrey L. Steele pursuant to a power of attorney filed with
Post-Effective Amendment No. 8 to the Registration Statement on November
2, 1990.
*** Executed by Jeffrey L. Steele pursuant to a power of attorney filed with
Post-Effective Amendment No. 13 to the Registration Statement on December
23, 1991.
**** Executed by Jeffrey L. Steele pursuant to a power of attorney filed with
Post-Effective Amendment No. 19 to the Registration Statement on November
1, 1993.
***** Executed by Jeffrey L. Steele pursuant to a power of attorney filed with
Post-Effective Amendment No. 24 to the Registration Statement on October
20, 1994.
****** Executed by Jeffrey L. Steele pursuant to a power of attorney filed with
Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 to the Registration Statement on April
27, 1995.
-2-
