AVESIS INC
SC 13D, 1997-02-05
BUSINESS SERVICES, NEC
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                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             Washington, D.C. 20549

                                  Schedule 13D

           Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Amendment No.__)

                               AVESIS INCORPORATED
                               -------------------
                                (Name of issuer)

                                  COMMON STOCK
                                  ------------
                         (Title of Class of Securities)

                                    053650107
                                    ---------
                                 (CUSIP Number)

                                  Neal Kempler
      100 West Clarendon, Suite 2300, Phoenix Arizona 85013; (602) 240-9061
      ---------------------------------------------------------------------
                  (Name, Address and Telephone Number of Person
                 Authorized to Receive Notes and Communications)

                                January 27, 1997
                                ----------------
                          (Date of Event which Requires
                            Filing of this Statement)

If the filing person has previously  filed a statement on Schedule 13G to report
the  acquisition  which is the subject of this  Schedule 13D, and is filing this
schedule because of Rule 13d-l(b)(3) or (4), check the following box [ ].

Note: Six copies of this statement, including all exhibits, should be filed with
the  Commission.  See Rule  13d-l(a) for other  parties to whom copies are to be
sent.

* The remainder of this cover page shall be filled out for a reporting  person's
initial filing on this form with respect to the subject class of securities, and
for  any  subsequent   amendment   containing   information  which  would  alter
disclosures provided in a prior cover page.

The information required on the remainder of this cover page shall not be deemed
to be "filed" for the purpose of Section 18 of the  Securities  Exchange  Act of
1934 ("Act") or otherwise  subject to the liabilities of that section of the Act
but  shall be  subject  to all other  provisions  of the Act  (however,  see the
Notes).

                        (Continued on following page(s))
                                Page 1 of 5 Pages
<PAGE>
CUSIP No. 053650107                                         Page 2 of 5 Pages
          ---------


- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1          NAME  OF REPORTING PERSONS SS. OR I.R.S. IDENTIFICATION NOS. OF ABOVE
           PERSON
                   Neal A. Kempler
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2          CHECK THE APPROPRIATE BOX IF A MEMBER OF A GROUP (See Instructions)
                                                                     (a)   [  ]
                                                                     (b)   [  ]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3          SEC USE ONLY

- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4          SOURCE OF FUNDS (See Instructions)
               N/A
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5          CHECK  BOX IF DISCLOSURE OF LEGAL  PROCEEDINGS  IS  REQUIRED PURSUANT
            TO ITEMS 2(d) OR 2(e)
                                                                           [  ]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6          CITIZENSHIP OR PLACE OF ORGANIZATION
               United States
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Number of          7     SOLE VOTING POWER
      Shares                      255,000
                    ------------------------------------------------------------
   Beneficially        8     SHARED VOTING POWER
     Owned by
                    ------------------------------------------------------------
       Each            9     SOLE DISPOSITIVE POWER
    Reporting                     255,000
                    ------------------------------------------------------------
      Person          10     SHARED DISPOSITIVE POWER
       With
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11         AGGREGATE AMOUNT BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY EACH REPORTING PERSON
              255,000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12         CHECK BOX IF THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT IN ROW (11) EXCLUDES CERTAIN SHARES
           (See Instructions)
                                                                           [  ]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13         PERCENT OF CLASS REPRESENTED BY AMOUNT IN ROW (11)
              5.9%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14         TYPE OF REPORTING PERSON
              IN
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE>
Item 1.   Security and Issuer.

          This  Statement  relates to Common Stock of Avesis  Incorporated  (the
"Issuer"). The principal executive offices of the Issuer are located at 100 West
Clarendon Avenue, Suite 2300, Phoenix, Arizona 85013.

Item 2.   Identity and Background.

          This statement is being filed by:

          (a)    Neal Kempler.

          (b)    Filing person's address: 100 West Clarendon Avenue, Suite 2300,
Phoenix, Arizona 85013.

          (c)    Mr. Kempler is the Corporate Secretary of the Issuer.

          (d)    During the last five  years,  the  filing  person  has not been
convicted in a criminal  proceeding  (excluding  traffic  violations  or similar
misdemeanors).

          (e)    During the last five years,  the filing person has not been and
is not subject to a judgment,  decree or final order enjoining future violations
of,  or  prohibiting  or  mandating  activities  subject  to,  federal  or state
securities laws or finding any violation with respect to such laws.

          (f)    Mr. Kempler is a citizen of the United States.

Item 3.   Source and Amount of Funds or Other Consideration.

          All Issuer common shares reported herein are beneficially owned by Mr.
Kempler  because he holds stock purchase  options related to his employment with
the Issuer. Mr. Kempler's ownership of the options was not acquired by purchase.

Item 4.   Purpose of Transaction.

          Mr. Kempler's options were originally issued by the Issuer to National
Health Enterprises,  Inc. ("NHE") in connection with the retention by the Issuer
of NHE to perform  management  services for the Issuer  pursuant to a management
contract (the "Management Agreement").  NHE subsequently transferred portions of
its options to Mr. Kempler for management services he performed for the Issuer.
                                   Page 3 of 5
<PAGE>
          All of the Issuer's shares held by Mr. Kempler are held for investment
purposes only.  Except as described  above and that Mr. Kempler is the Corporate
Secretary of the Issuer,  he has no present plan or proposal  that relates to or
would result in any of the actions  described in clauses (a) through (j) of Item
4 of  Schedule  13D,  although  he may from time to time in the  future  acquire
additional  shares of Common Stock or securities  convertible into Common Stock.
At present,  Mr. Kempler contemplates that such additional shares, if any, would
also be purchased for investment purposes only.

Item 5.   Interest In Securities of the Issuer.

          (a)    The aggregate number  and  percentage of  Issuer  Common  Stock
beneficially  owned by Mr. Kempler is 255,000 and 5.9%,  respectively.  All such
shares are deemed to be beneficially owned by Mr. Kempler pursuant to Rule 13d-3
because the shares underlie  presently  exercisable stock purchase options owned
by Mr. Kempler.

          (b)    See Items 7 through 10 on the Cover Pages of this Schedule 13D.

          (c)    Mr. Kempler  effected the  following transaction  since 60 days
prior to the date of the event which requires filing of this statement:

          (i)    NHE transferred 200,000 fully vested stock  purchase options to
          Mr.  Kempler on January  27,  1997 at an  exercise  price of $0.48 per
          share, which were originally granted to NHE from the Issuer.

          (d)    Not applicable.

          (e)    Not applicable.

Item 6.   Contracts, Arrangements, Understandings or  Relationships With Respect
          to Securities of the Issuer.

          The shares reported herein are  beneficially  owned by virtue of fully
          vested  stock  purchase   options.   There  are  no  other  contracts,
          arrangements,  understandings,  or relationships among Mr. Kempler and
          any other person with respect to any securities of the Issuer.

Item 7.   Material to be Filed as Exhibits.

          1.     Stock  Option  Grant letter  issued to Neal A.  Kempler,  dated
                 January  27,  1997 for the  purchase  of 200,000  shares of the
                 Issuer's Common Stock.

          2.     Stock  Option  Grant letter  issued to Neal A.  Kempler,  dated
                 April 30, 1994 for the purchase of 5,000 shares of the Issuer's
                 Common Stock.

                                   Page 4 of 5
<PAGE>
         3.      Stock  Option  Grant letter  issued to Neal A.  Kempler,  dated
                 March  31,  1993  for the  purchase  of  50,000  shares  of the
                 Issuer's Common Stock.





                                    SIGNATURE

          After reasonable inquiry and to the best of my knowledge and belief, I
certify that the information  set forth in this statement is true,  complete and
correct.

          February 5____, 1997


                                                             /s/ Neal A. Kempler
                                                       -------------------------
                                                                 NEAL A. KEMPLER
                                   Page 5 of 5
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 1

                        NATIONAL HEALTH ENTERPRISES INC.
                              11460 Cronridge Drive
                                    Suite 120
                          Owings Mills, Maryland 21117


Neal A. Kempler
c/o Avesis Incorporated
100 West Clarendon Avenue
Suite #2300
Phoenix, Arizona  85013

                  re: Option Transfer

Dear Neal:

                  Pursuant to a Stock Option Grant (the "Grant  Letter") dated
March 18, 1993,  National  Health  Enterprises  Inc.,  a Maryland  corporation
("NHE") acquired options (the "Options") to purchase up to 4,400,000 shares of
the  Common  Stock  of  Avesis  Incorporated,   a  Delaware  corporation  (the
"Company")  subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Grant Letter.
A copy of the Grant Letter is attached hereto.

                  Pursuant  to  Section  4  of  the  Grant   Letter,   and  in
consideration  for services  performed and to be performed on behalf of NHE in
connection with the Management  Agreement dated March 18, 1993 between NHE and
the Company,  NHE hereby transfers to you Options (the "Transferred  Options")
for the purchase of 200,000  shares of the Company's  Common Stock.  The terms
and conditions of the Transferred  Options shall be identical to the terms and
conditions set forth In the Letter of Grant except as follows:

                  1. The  options  are  fully  vested  as a result  the Board of
Directors  resolution  included in the minutes of the December 5, 1994  meeting,
and are transferred as such to the optionee.

                  2. The  limited  transfer  right set forth in Section 4 of the
Letter of Grant is not available to you.

                  3. Any rights you may have under the Transferred Options shall
terminate,  and the  Transferred  Options shall once again be exercisable (if at
all)  solely by NHE,  within 90 days  after  you  cease  performing  substantial
services  for or on behalf of the Company,  provided  that your rights under the
Transferred  Options shall terminate  immediately if the cessation is for cause,
and further  provided that this clause shall not extend the exercise  period set
forth in the Letter of Grant.
<PAGE>
                  4. You  acknowledge  that the Company has advised you that all
transactions  associated with the Transferred  Options have complex and material
tax  consequences,  the  effect of which  can vary  according  to your  personal
circumstances,  and that the Company has advised you to obtain  independent  tax
advice as to all matters relating to the Transferred Options.

                  5.  You  acknowledge  and  agree  to  all  of  the  terms  and
conditions of the attached  Letter of Grant,  as Modified by the above terms and
conditions.

                  6. This Transfer shall be effective as of January 27, 1997.

                  Please  indicate  your  acknowledgment  and  acceptance of the
foregoing by executing this letter in the space indicated below.


                                 Sincerely,

                                 NATIONAL HEALTH ENTERPRISES, INC.


                                 By:    /s/ Kenneth L. Blum, Jr.
                                 -------------------------------------------
                                 Kenneth L. Blum, Jr., President

Acknowledged and accepted:


 /s/ Neal A. Kempler
- ----------------------------
Neal A. Kempler
<PAGE>
                             STOCK OPTION GRANT


March 18, 1993


National Health Enterprises, Inc.
11460 Cronridge Drive
Suite 120
Owings Mills, Maryland 21117
Attention: President

                  Re:     Avesis Incorporated - Options to Acquire Common Stock

Ladies and Gentlemen:

                  This is to confirm the grant to National  Health  Enterprises,
Inc. by Avesis Incorporated,  a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), of options
to acquire shares of the Company's Common Stock,  subject to the following terms
and conditions:

         1.       Grant of Options: Effective Date.  The Company  grants  to you
options to acquire  from the Company an  aggregate  of  4,400,000  shares of the
Common Stock,  $.01 par value, of the Company (the "Shares").  Each option shall
be exercisable for the purchase of one Share.  This grant is effective as of the
date set forth above (the "Effective Date of Grant").

         2.       Purchase Price.  The purchase price for each Share that may be
acquired  upon the  exercise of an option shall be  determined  according to the
following table:


                    Options which become 
                exercisable for the first time
                during the year ended March 18,               Exercise Price
                -------------------------------               --------------
                              1994                                      $.40
                              1995                                     $.432
                              1996                                     $.467
                              1997                                     $.504
                              1998                                     $.544
                              1999                                     $.588
                              2000                                     $.635
                              2001                                     $.686
                              2002                                     $.740
                              2003                                      $.80
<PAGE>
                  The  purchase  price of a Share shall not  increase  after the
year in which such Share may first be purchased.

          3.      Exercise Term.  Subject to Section 5 herein, the Shares may be
purchased  at any time after the  respective  vesting  dates or events set forth
below and on or prior to March 18, 2003:

        Number of Shares        Vesting Date or Event:
        ----------------        ----------------------

        1,400,000               March 18, 1993

        500,000                 Completion  of first fiscal quarter in which the
                                Company has Profits

        500,000                 Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits

        500,000                 Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits exceeding $350,000

        500,000                 Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits exceeding $750,000

        1,000,000               Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits exceeding $1,000,000


                  More than one  condition  of vesting may be  satisfied  at the
same time.

                  "Profits"  of the Company in any fiscal  period shall mean the
Company's pretax operating profit during such period as determined in accordance
with generally accepted  accounting  principles  ("GAAP") based on the Company's
books  and  records,  and  excluding  (i)  any  profit  or loss  from  financial
transactions;  (ii) any charge for  compensation  expense  relating  to these or
other stock options;  (iii)  one-time  expenses  incurred to achieve  Knox-Keene
compliance;  (iv) one-time expenses incurred in transferring computer processing
to an outside vendor;  (v) severance  packages  payable to employees  terminated
during 1993 (unless hired on the recommendation of NHE); and (vi) one-time lease
settlement charges.

          4.     Non-Transferability,  The  options shall  not  be  transferable
except  to  employees  or  affiliates  of  National  Health  Enterprises,   Inc.
performing  substantial services for or on behalf of the Company or to employees
of the  Company in  transactions  complying  with  applicable  state and federal
securities laws.
                                        2
<PAGE>
          5.     Vesting  Requirements.  (a) Except as provided in Section 5(c),
options  can become  exercisable  only during the period  that  National  Health
Enterprises, Inc. is retained to perform management services for the Company.

                    (b) Once  exercisable,  in accordance with the terms hereof,
options shall remain  exercisable  until March 18, 2003 except that  exercisable
options  shall  terminate  120 days  after  the date (if any)  that the  Company
terminates National Health Enterprises, Inc.'s management services agreement for
cause (as defined  therein) or the date that National Health  Enterprises,  Inc.
terminates such agreement in violation of the terms thereof.

                    (c) Notwithstanding  Section 5(a), if the Company terminates
National Health Enterprises,  Inc.'s management services agreement without cause
(as defined  therein),  the options shall continue to become  exercisable  after
such  termination  if and to the extent  that the targets set forth in Section 3
are met and subject to the other terms and conditions set forth herein.

          6.     Manner of Exercise. You may exercise options only by giving the
Company written notice by certified mail, with return receipt requested, postage
prepaid,  at the  following  address,  of your intent to exercise  the  options,
including in such notice the number of Shares that you intend to acquire and the
full consideration therefor in cash:

                               Avesis Incorporated
                             4201 North 24th Street
                                    Suite 300
                             Phoenix, Arizona 85016

          7.     0eorganizations, Etc. If  the outstanding  shares of the Common
Stock are  increased  or  decreased,  or are  changed  into or  exchanged  for a
different  number or kind of shares  or  securities,  as a result of one or more
stock splits,  reverse stock splits,  stock dividends,  spin-offs,  spin-outs or
other  distributions of assets to shareholders,  or assumption and conversion of
outstanding  grants due to an acquisition or the like,  appropriate  adjustments
shall be made with  respect to the  options  and/or the  number  and/or  type of
Shares for which the options may thereafter be exercised.

          8.       Restrictions on Shares.

          (a)      Shares shall not be issued  unless the issuance and  delivery
                   thereof  shall  comply with all relevant  provisions  of  law
                   including,  without limitation,  the Securities Act  of 1933,
                   as amended, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as  amended,
                   the  rules  and  regulations   promulgated  thereunder,   any
                   applicable  state  securities  or "Blue Sky" law or laws, and
                   the requirements of any stock  exchange upon which the Shares
                   may then be  listed,  and shall  be  further  subject  to the
                   approval  of counsel for  the  Company  with  respect to such
                   compliance.
                                        3
<PAGE>
          (b)      Unless  the  Shares  shall  have  been  registered  with  the
                   Securities and Exchange  Commission  pursuant to Section 5 of
                   the  Securities  Act of 1933,  as amended,  you represent and
                   agree that the Shares will be acquired for investment and not
                   for resale or  distribution.  Upon exercise of any portion of
                   an option,  the person  entitled to  exercise  the same shall
                   upon request of the Company furnish evidence  satisfactory to
                   the Company  (including a written and signed  representation)
                   to the  effect  that the Shares  are being  acquired  in good
                   faith for investment and not for resale or distribution.  The
                   certificates  representing  the  Shares  may  bear  a  legend
                   referencing applicable transfer restrictions.

           (c)     No transfer of any Shares  will be  permitted  by the Company
                   unless any request for  transfer is  accompanied  by evidence
                   satisfactory  to the Company that the proposed  transfer will
                   not result in a  violation  of any  applicable  law,  rule or
                   regulation,  whether  federal  or  state,  including  in  the
                   discretion  of the  Company an opinion of counsel  reasonably
                   acceptable to the Company.

          9.      Fractional Shares. The Company shall not be  required to issue
fractional  shares upon the  exercise of  options.  The value of any  fractional
share subject to an option shall be paid in cash in connection with the exercise
that results in all full shares subject to the options having been exercised.

          10.     Miscellaneous. You will have no rights as a  shareholder  with
respect to the Shares  until the exercise of the options and payment of the full
purchase  price  therefor in accordance  with the terms of this Letter of Grant.
Nothing  herein  shall  impose any  obligation  on the  Company or any parent or
subsidiary  of the Company with respect to your  continued  retention to perform
management services for the Company or any parent or subsidiary of the Company.

          11.     Governing Law. This Letter of Grant  shall be  subject  to and
construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Arizona.

          12.     Withholding. You hereby authorize  the Company to  withhold in
accordance with applicable law from any  compensation  otherwise  payable to you
any amounts  required to be withheld by federal,  state or local law as a result
of this option.

          Please  execute the  Acceptance on the enclosed copy of this Letter of
Grant, date your signature and return such copy to the Company.

                                              AVESIS INCORPORATED


                                              By:    /s/ William R. Cohen
                                                ---------------------------
                                               Its: Chairman
                                        4
<PAGE>
                                   ACCEPTANCE


          The  undersigned  National  Health  Enterprises,   Inc.   understands,
acknowledges  and  agrees to the terms and  conditions  of the  options  granted
pursuant to this Letter of Grant.


                                          NATIONAL HEALTH ENTERPRISES,
                                          INC.


                                          By:    /s/ Kenneth L. Blum, Jr.
                                             -------------------------------
                                             Its: President

                                          Date:     March 18, 1993

                                        5

<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 2


Mr. Neal Kempler

                    re: Option Transfer

Dear Neal:

                    Pursuant to a Stock Option Grant (the "Grant  Letter") dated
March 18, 1993, National Health Enterprises Inc., a Maryland corporation ("NHE")
acquired  options  (the  "Options")  to purchase up to  4,400,000  shares of the
Common Stock of Avesis  Incorporated,  a Delaware  corporation  (the  "Company")
subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Grant Letter. A copy of the
Grant Letter is attached hereto. Certain of the Options have been transferred to
me by NHE.

                    Pursuant  to  Section  4  of  the  Grant   Letter,   and  in
consideration  for  services  performed  and to be performed on behalf of NHE in
connection  with the Management  Agreement  dated March 18, 1993 between NHE and
the Company,  I hereby transfer to you Options (the  "Transferred  Options") for
the  purchase  of 5,000  shares of the  Company's  Common  Stock.  The terms and
conditions  of the  Transferred  Options  shall be  identical  to the  terms and
conditions set forth in the Letter of Grant except as follows:

                    1. The vesting  dates for the  Transferred  Options shall be
spread  among the vesting  dates and events set forth in Section 3 of the Letter
of Grant as follows:

         Number of Shares       Vesting Date or Event:
         ----------------       ----------------------

         850                    Completion  of first fiscal quarter in which the
                                Company has Profits

         850                    Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits

         850                    Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits exceeding $350,000

         850                    Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits exceeding $750,000

         1,600                  Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits exceeding $1,000,000
<PAGE>
                    2. The limited  transfer right set forth in Section 4 of the
Letter of Grant is not available to you.

                    3. Any  rights you may have  under the  Transferred  Options
shall terminate, and the Transferred Options shall once again be exercisable (if
at all)  solely by me,  within 90 days  after you cease  performing  substantial
services  for or on behalf of the Company,  provided  that your rights under the
Transferred  Options shall terminate  immediately if the cessation is for cause,
and further  provided that this clause shall not extend the exercise  period set
forth in the Letter of Grant.

                    4. You acknowledge that the Company has advised you that all
transactions  associated with the Transferred  Options have complex and material
tax  consequences,  the  effect of which  can vary  according  to your  personal
circumstances,  and that the Company has advised you to obtain  independent  tax
advice as to all matters relating to the Transferred Options.

                    5.  You  acknowledge  and  agree  to all of  the  terms  and
conditions of the attached  Letter of Grant,  as Modified by the above terms and
conditions. You acknowledge in particular Section 8(a) of the attached Letter of
Grant,  and  acknowledge  and agree that any right to acquire  shares  hereunder
shall be void unless the  requested  issuance of shares in  connection  with any
proposed acquisition complies with all applicable laws and regulations.

                    6. This Transfer shall be effective as of April 30, 1994.

                    Please  indicate your  acknowledgment  and acceptance of the
foregoing by executing this letter in the space indicated below.


                                             Sincerely,



                                              /s/ Alan S. Cohn
                                             ---------------------------
                                             Alan S. Cohn

Acknowledged and accepted:


 /s/ Neal Kempler
- -------------------------
Neal Kempler
<PAGE>
                               STOCK OPTION GRANT


March 18, 1993


National Health Enterprises, Inc.
11460 Cronridge Drive
Suite 120
Owings Mills, Maryland 21117
Attention: President

                  Re:     Avesis Incorporated - Options to Acquire Common Stock

Ladies and Gentlemen:

                  This is to confirm the grant to National  Health  Enterprises,
Inc. by Avesis Incorporated,  a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), of options
to acquire shares of the Company's Common Stock,  subject to the following terms
and conditions:

         1.       Grant of Options:  Effective Date.  The  Company grants to you
options to acquire  from the Company an  aggregate  of  4,400,000  shares of the
Common Stock,  $.01 par value, of the Company (the "Shares").  Each option shall
be exercisable for the purchase of one Share.  This grant is effective as of the
date set forth above (the "Effective Date of Grant").

         2.       Purchase Price.  The purchase price for each Share that may be
acquired  upon the  exercise of an option shall be  determined  according to the
following table:


                    Options which become 
               exercisable for the first time
               during the year ended March 18,                 Exercise Price
               -------------------------------                 --------------
                             1994                                        $.40
                             1995                                       $.432
                             1996                                       $.467
                             1997                                       $.504
                             1998                                       $.544
                             1999                                       $.588
                             2000                                       $.635
                             2001                                       $.686
                             2002                                       $.740
                             2003                                        $.80

<PAGE>
                    The purchase  price of a Share shall not increase  after the
year in which such Share may first be purchased.

         3.       Exercise Term.  Subject to Section 5 herein, the Shares may be
purchased  at any time after the  respective  vesting  dates or events set forth
below and on or prior to March 18, 2003:

           Number of Shares     Vesting Date or Event:
           ----------------     ----------------------

           1,400,000            March 18, 1993

           500,000              Completion  of first fiscal quarter in which the
                                Company has Profits

           500,000              Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits

           500,000              Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits exceeding $350,000

           500,000              Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits exceeding $750,000

           1,000,000            Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits exceeding $1,000,000


                    More than one  condition  of vesting may be satisfied at the
same time.

                    "Profits" of the Company in any fiscal period shall mean the
Company's pretax operating profit during such period as determined in accordance
with generally accepted  accounting  principles  ("GAAP") based on the Company's
books  and  records,  and  excluding  (i)  any  profit  or loss  from  financial
transactions;  (ii) any charge for  compensation  expense  relating  to these or
other stock options;  (iii)  one-time  expenses  incurred to achieve  Knox-Keene
compliance;  (iv) one-time expenses incurred in transferring computer processing
to an outside vendor;  (v) severance  packages  payable to employees  terminated
during 1993 (unless hired on the recommendation of NHE); and (vi) one-time lease
settlement charges.

         4.       Non-Transferability,  The  options  shall not  be transferable
except  to  employees  or  affiliates  of  National  Health  Enterprises,   Inc.
performing  substantial services for or on behalf of the Company or to employees
of the  Company in  transactions  complying  with  applicable  state and federal
securities laws.
                                        2
<PAGE>
         5.       Vesting  Requirements. (a) Except as provided in Section 5(c),
options  can become  exercisable  only during the period  that  National  Health
Enterprises, Inc. is retained to perform management services for the Company.

                    (b) Once  exercisable,  in accordance with the terms hereof,
options shall remain  exercisable  until March 18, 2003 except that  exercisable
options  shall  terminate  120 days  after  the date (if any)  that the  Company
terminates National Health Enterprises, Inc.'s management services agreement for
cause (as defined  therein) or the date that National Health  Enterprises,  Inc.
terminates such agreement in violation of the terms thereof.

                    (c) Notwithstanding  Section 5(a), if the Company terminates
National Health Enterprises,  Inc.'s management services agreement without cause
(as defined  therein),  the options shall continue to become  exercisable  after
such  termination  if and to the extent  that the targets set forth in Section 3
are met and subject to the other terms and conditions set forth herein.

         6.       Manner of Exercise. You may  exercise  options  only by giving
the Company  written notice by certified  mail,  with return receipt  requested,
postage  prepaid,  at the  following  address,  of your intent to  exercise  the
options,  including  in such  notice  the  number of Shares  that you  intend to
acquire and the full consideration therefor in cash:

                               Avesis Incorporated
                             4201 North 24th Street
                                    Suite 300
                             Phoenix, Arizona 85016

         7.       Reorganizations, Etc. If the outstanding  shares of the Common
Stock are  increased  or  decreased,  or are  changed  into or  exchanged  for a
different  number or kind of shares  or  securities,  as a result of one or more
stock splits,  reverse stock splits,  stock dividends,  spin-offs,  spin-outs or
other  distributions of assets to shareholders,  or assumption and conversion of
outstanding  grants due to an acquisition or the like,  appropriate  adjustments
shall be made with  respect to the  options  and/or the  number  and/or  type of
Shares for which the options may thereafter be exercised.

          8.        Restrictions on Shares.

          (a)       Shares shall not be issued  unless the issuance and delivery
                    thereof  shall  comply with all relevant  provisions  of law
                    including,  without limitation,  the Securities Act of 1933,
                    as amended, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,
                    the  rules  and  regulations  promulgated  thereunder,   any
                    applicable  state  securities or "Blue Sky" law or laws, and
                    the requirements of any stock exchange upon which the Shares
                    may then be  listed,  and shall be  further  subject  to the
                    approval  of counsel for the  Company  with  respect to such
                    compliance.
                                        3
<PAGE>
          (b)       Unless  the  Shares  shall  have  been  registered  with the
                    Securities and Exchange  Commission pursuant to Section 5 of
                    the  Securities  Act of 1933, as amended,  you represent and
                    agree that the Shares will be acquired  for  investment  and
                    not for resale or distribution. Upon exercise of any portion
                    of an option, the person entitled to exercise the same shall
                    upon request of the Company furnish evidence satisfactory to
                    the Company (including a written and signed  representation)
                    to the effect  that the Shares  are being  acquired  in good
                    faith for investment and not for resale or distribution. The
                    certificates  representing  the  Shares  may  bear a  legend
                    referencing applicable transfer restrictions.

           (c)      No transfer of any Shares will be  permitted  by the Company
                    unless any request for transfer is  accompanied  by evidence
                    satisfactory to the Company that the proposed  transfer will
                    not result in a violation  of any  applicable  law,  rule or
                    regulation,  whether  federal  or  state,  including  in the
                    discretion  of the Company an opinion of counsel  reasonably
                    acceptable to the Company.

           9.       Fractional  Shares. The  Company  shall not be  required  to
issue  fractional  shares  upon  the  exercise  of  options.  The  value  of any
fractional  share subject to an option shall be paid in cash in connection  with
the exercise that results in all full shares  subject to the options having been
exercised.

           10.      Miscellaneous. You will have no rights as a shareholder with
respect to the Shares  until the exercise of the options and payment of the full
purchase  price  therefor in accordance  with the terms of this Letter of Grant.
Nothing  herein  shall  impose any  obligation  on the  Company or any parent or
subsidiary  of the Company with respect to your  continued  retention to perform
management services for the Company or any parent or subsidiary of the Company.

           11.      Governing Law. This Letter of Grant shall be subject  to and
construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Arizona.

           12.      Withholding. You hereby authorize the Company to withhold in
accordance with applicable law from any  compensation  otherwise  payable to you
any amounts  required to be withheld by federal,  state or local law as a result
of this option.

                    Please  execute the  Acceptance on the enclosed copy of this
Letter of Grant, date your signature and return such copy to the Company.

                                              AVESIS INCORPORATED


                                              By:    /s/ William R. Cohen
                                                ---------------------------
                                               Its: Chairman
                                        4
<PAGE>
                                   ACCEPTANCE
                                   ----------


                    The   undersigned   National   Health   Enterprises,    Inc.
understands,  acknowledges and agrees to the terms and conditions of the options
granted pursuant to this Letter of Grant.


                                             NATIONAL HEALTH ENTERPRISES,
                                             INC.


                                             By:    /s/ Kenneth L. Blum, Jr.
                                                -------------------------------
                                                Its: President

                                             Date:     March 18, 1993

                                        5
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 3

                        NATIONAL HEALTH ENTERPRISES INC.
                              11460 Cronridge Drive
                                    Suite 120
                          Owings Mills, Maryland 21117

Mr. Neal Kempler
c/o National Health Enterprises
11460 Cronridge Drive
Suite 120
Owings Mills, Maryland 21117

                    re: Option Transfer

Dear Neal:

                    Pursuant to a Stock Option Grant (the "Grant  Letter") dated
March 18, 1993, National Health Enterprises Inc., a Maryland corporation ("NHE")
acquired  options  (the  "Options")  to purchase up to  4,400,000  shares of the
Common Stock of Avesis  Incorporated,  a Delaware  corporation  (the  "Company")
subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Grant Letter. A copy of the
Grant Letter is attached hereto.

                    Pursuant  to  Section  4  of  the  Grant   Letter,   and  in
consideration  for  services  performed  and to be performed on behalf of NHE in
connection  with the Management  Agreement  dated March 18, 1993 between NHE and
the Company, NHE hereby transfers to you Options (the "Transferred Options") for
the  purchase of 50,000  shares of the  Company's  Common  Stock.  The terms and
conditions  of the  Transferred  Options  shall be  identical  to the  terms and
conditions set forth in the Letter of Grant except as follows:

                    1. The vesting  dates for the  Transferred  Options shall be
spread  among the vesting  dates and events set forth in Section 3 of the Letter
of Grant as follows:

        Number of Shares        Vesting Date or Event:
        ----------------        ----------------------

        8,334                   Completion of first fiscal quarter  in which the
                                Company has Profits

        8,333                   Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits

        8,333                   Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits exceeding $350,000
<PAGE>
        8,333                   Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits exceeding $750,000

        16,667                  Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits exceeding $1,000,000


                    2. The limited  transfer right set forth in Section 4 of the
Letter of Grant is not available to you.

                    3. Any  rights you may have  under the  Transferred  Options
shall terminate, and the Transferred Options shall once again be exercisable (if
at all)  solely by NHE,  within 90 days after you cease  performing  substantial
services  for or on behalf of the Company,  provided  that your rights under the
Transferred  Options shall terminate  immediately if the cessation is for cause,
and further  provided that this clause shall not extend the exercise  period set
forth in the Letter of Grant.

                    4. You acknowledge that the Company has advised you that all
transactions  associated with the Transferred  Options have complex and material
tax  consequences,  the  effect of which  can vary  according  to your  personal
circumstances,  and that the Company has advised you to obtain  independent  tax
advice as to all matters relating to the Transferred Options.

                    5.  You  acknowledge  and  agree  to all of  the  terms  and
conditions of the attached  Letter of Grant,  as modified by the above terms and
conditions.

                    6. This Transfer shall be effective as of March 31, 1993.

                    Please  indicate your  acknowledgment  and acceptance of the
foregoing by executing this letter in the space indicated below.


                                         Sincerely,

                                         NATIONAL HEALTH ENTERPRISES, INC.

                                          /s/ Kenneth L. Blum, Jr.
                                         ------------------------------------
                                              Kenneth L. Blum, Jr., President

Acknowledged and accepted:


 /s/ Neal Kempler
- -------------------------
Neal Kempler
<PAGE>
                               STOCK OPTION GRANT


March 18, 1993


National Health Enterprises, Inc.
11460 Cronridge Drive
Suite 120
Owings Mills, Maryland 21117
Attention: President

                  Re:     Avesis Incorporated - Options to Acquire Common Stock

Ladies and Gentlemen:

                  This is to confirm the grant to National  Health  Enterprises,
Inc. by Avesis Incorporated,  a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), of options
to acquire shares of the Company's Common Stock,  subject to the following terms
and conditions:

         1.       Grant of Options:  Effective Date.  The  Company grants to you
options to acquire  from the Company an  aggregate  of  4,400,000  shares of the
Common Stock,  $.01 par value, of the Company (the "Shares").  Each option shall
be exercisable for the purchase of one Share.  This grant is effective as of the
date set forth above (the "Effective Date of Grant").

         2.       Purchase Price.  The purchase price for each Share that may be
acquired  upon the  exercise of an option shall be  determined  according to the
following table:


                    Options which become 
              exercisable for the first time
              during the year ended March 18,                 Exercise Price
              -------------------------------                 --------------
                            1994                                        $.40
                            1995                                       $.432
                            1996                                       $.467
                            1997                                       $.504
                            1998                                       $.544
                            1999                                       $.588
                            2000                                       $.635
                            2001                                       $.686
                            2002                                       $.740
                            2003                                        $.80
<PAGE>
                    The purchase  price of a Share shall not increase  after the
year in which such Share may first be purchased.

         3.       Exercise Term.  Subject to Section 5 herein, the Shares may be
purchased  at any time after the  respective  vesting  dates or events set forth
below and on or prior to March 18, 2003:

          Number of Shares      Vesting Date or Event:
          ----------------      ----------------------

          1,400,000             March 18, 1993

          500,000               Completion of first fiscal quarter in which  the
                                Company has Profits

          500,000               Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits

          500,000               Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits exceeding $350,000

          500,000               Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits exceeding $750,000

          1,000,000             Completion of the first fiscal year in which the
                                Company has Profits exceeding $1,000,000


                    More than one  condition  of vesting may be satisfied at the
same time.

                  "Profits" of  the Company in  any fiscal period shall mean the
Company's pretax operating profit during such period as determined in accordance
with generally accepted  accounting  principles  ("GAAP") based on the Company's
books  and  records,  and  excluding  (i)  any  profit  or loss  from  financial
transactions;  (ii) any charge for  compensation  expense  relating  to these or
other stock options;  (iii)  one-time  expenses  incurred to achieve  Knox-Keene
compliance;  (iv) one-time expenses incurred in transferring computer processing
to an outside vendor;  (v) severance  packages  payable to employees  terminated
during 1993 (unless hired on the recommendation of NHE); and (vi) one-time lease
settlement charges.

          4.      Non-Transferability,  The  options  shall not  be transferable
except  to  employees  or  affiliates  of  National  Health  Enterprises,   Inc.
performing  substantial services for or on behalf of the Company or to employees
of the  Company in  transactions  complying  with  applicable  state and federal
securities laws.
                                        2
<PAGE>
          5.      Vesting  Requirements. (a) Except as provided in Section 5(c),
options  can become  exercisable  only during the period  that  National  Health
Enterprises, Inc. is retained to perform management services for the Company.

                    (b) Once  exercisable,  in accordance with the terms hereof,
options shall remain  exercisable  until March 18, 2003 except that  exercisable
options  shall  terminate  120 days  after  the date (if any)  that the  Company
terminates National Health Enterprises, Inc.'s management services agreement for
cause (as defined  therein) or the date that National Health  Enterprises,  Inc.
terminates such agreement in violation of the terms thereof.

                    (c) Notwithstanding  Section 5(a), if the Company terminates
National Health Enterprises,  Inc.'s management services agreement without cause
(as defined  therein),  the options shall continue to become  exercisable  after
such  termination  if and to the extent  that the targets set forth in Section 3
are met and subject to the other terms and conditions set forth herein.

           6.     Manner of Exercise.  You may  exercise  options only by giving
the Company  written notice by certified  mail,  with return receipt  requested,
postage  prepaid,  at the  following  address,  of your intent to  exercise  the
options,  including  in such  notice  the  number of Shares  that you  intend to
acquire and the full consideration therefor in cash:

                               Avesis Incorporated
                             4201 North 24th Street
                                    Suite 300
                             Phoenix, Arizona 85016

           7.     Reorganizations, Etc. If the outstanding  shares of the Common
Stock are  increased  or  decreased,  or are  changed  into or  exchanged  for a
different  number or kind of shares  or  securities,  as a result of one or more
stock splits,  reverse stock splits,  stock dividends,  spin-offs,  spin-outs or
other  distributions of assets to shareholders,  or assumption and conversion of
outstanding  grants due to an acquisition or the like,  appropriate  adjustments
shall be made with  respect to the  options  and/or the  number  and/or  type of
Shares for which the options may thereafter be exercised.

           8.       Restrictions on Shares.

           (a)      Shares shall not be issued  unless the issuance and delivery
                    thereof  shall  comply with all relevant  provisions  of law
                    including,  without limitation,  the Securities Act of 1933,
                    as amended, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,
                    the  rules  and  regulations  promulgated  thereunder,   any
                    applicable  state  securities or "Blue Sky" law or laws, and
                    the requirements of any stock exchange upon which the Shares
                    may then be  listed,  and shall be  further  subject  to the
                    approval  of counsel for the  Company  with  respect to such
                    compliance.
                                        3
<PAGE>
           (b)      Unless  the  Shares  shall  have  been  registered  with the
                    Securities and Exchange  Commission pursuant to Section 5 of
                    the  Securities  Act of 1933, as amended,  you represent and
                    agree that the Shares will be acquired  for  investment  and
                    not for resale or distribution. Upon exercise of any portion
                    of an option, the person entitled to exercise the same shall
                    upon request of the Company furnish evidence satisfactory to
                    the Company (including a written and signed  representation)
                    to the effect  that the Shares  are being  acquired  in good
                    faith for investment and not for resale or distribution. The
                    certificates  representing  the  Shares  may  bear a  legend
                    referencing applicable transfer restrictions.

           (c)      No transfer of any Shares will be  permitted  by the Company
                    unless any request for transfer is  accompanied  by evidence
                    satisfactory to the Company that the proposed  transfer will
                    not result in a violation  of any  applicable  law,  rule or
                    regulation,  whether  federal  or  state,  including  in the
                    discretion  of the Company an opinion of counsel  reasonably
                    acceptable to the Company.

           9.       Fractional  Shares.  The  Company  shall not be  required to
issue  fractional  shares  upon  the  exercise  of  options.  The  value  of any
fractional  share subject to an option shall be paid in cash in connection  with
the exercise that results in all full shares  subject to the options having been
exercised.

           10.      Miscellaneous. You will have no rights as a shareholder with
respect to the Shares  until the exercise of the options and payment of the full
purchase  price  therefor in accordance  with the terms of this Letter of Grant.
Nothing  herein  shall  impose any  obligation  on the  Company or any parent or
subsidiary  of the Company with respect to your  continued  retention to perform
management services for the Company or any parent or subsidiary of the Company.

           11.      Governing  Law. This Letter of Grant shall be subject to and
construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Arizona.

           12.      Withholding. You hereby authorize the Company to withhold in
accordance with applicable law from any  compensation  otherwise  payable to you
any amounts  required to be withheld by federal,  state or local law as a result
of this option.

                    Please  execute the  Acceptance on the enclosed copy of this
Letter of Grant, date your signature and return such copy to the Company.

                                             AVESIS INCORPORATED


                                             By:    /s/ William R. Cohen
                                               ---------------------------
                                              Its: Chairman
                                        4
<PAGE>
                                   ACCEPTANCE
                                   ----------


                    The   undersigned   National   Health   Enterprises,    Inc.
understands,  acknowledges and agrees to the terms and conditions of the options
granted pursuant to this Letter of Grant.


                                          NATIONAL HEALTH ENTERPRISES,
                                          INC.


                                          By:    /s/ Kenneth L. Blum, Jr.
                                             -------------------------------
                                             Its: President

                                          Date:     March 18, 1993

                                        5


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