<PAGE>
1933 Act Registration No. 33-10261
1940 Act Registration No. 811-4905
AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON SEPTEMBER 12, 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
(Registration No. 33-10261)
Pre-Effective Amendment No.
----
Post-Effective Amendment No. 40
----
AND/OR
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
(Registration No. 811-4905)
Amendment No. 40
----
(Check appropriate box or boxes)
PIPER FUNDS INC.
----------------
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
Piper Jaffray Tower, 222 South 9th Street, Minneapolis, MN 55402
----------------------------------------------------------------
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (612) 342-6384
--------------
Paul A. Dow
Piper Capital Management Incorporated
Piper Jaffray Tower
222 South 9th Street, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
--------------------------------------------------
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
Copy to:
Kathleen L. Prudhomme
Dorsey & Whitney LLP
220 South Sixth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
- ----- immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) of rule 485
- ----- on (specify date) pursuant to paragraph (b) of rule 485
- ----- 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a) of rule 485, unless
- ----- effectiveness is accelerated by the staff of the Securities and
Exchange Commission
X on November 11, 1997 pursuant to paragraph (a) of rule 485
- -----
The Registrant has registered an indefinite number of its common
shares pursuant to Regulation 270.24f-2 under the Investment Company Act of
1940. A Rule 24f-2 Notice for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1996 was
filed on or about November 27, 1996.
<PAGE>
PIPER FUNDS INC.
Registration Statement on Form N-1A
---------------------------------
CROSS REFERENCE SHEET
Pursuant to Rule 481(a)
---------------------------------
Item No. Prospectus Heading
-------- ------------------
1. Cover Page. . . . . . . . . Cover Page
2. Synopsis. . . . . . . . . . Introduction; Fund Expenses
3. Financial Highlights. . . . Financial Highlights
4. General Description of
Registrant. . . . . . . . Introduction; Investment Objective and
Policies; Special Investment Methods
5. Management of the Fund. . . Management
6. Capital Stock and Other
Securities. . . . . . . . General Information; Introduction; Dividends
and Distributions; Tax Status
7. Purchase of Securities
Being Offered . . . . . . How to Purchase Shares; Shareholder
Services; Valuation of Shares
8. Redemption or Repurchase. . How to Redeem Shares; Shareholder Services
9. Pending Legal Proceedings . General Information
Statement of Additional Information Heading
-------------------------------------------
10. Cover Page. . . . . . . . . Cover Page
11. Table of Contents . . . . . Cover Page
12. General Information
and History . . . . . . . General Information; Pending Litigation
13. Investment Objectives
and Policies. . . . . . . Investment Policies and Restrictions
14. Management of the Fund. . . Directors and Executive Officers
<PAGE>
15. Control Persons and
Principal Holders of
Securities. . . . . . . . Capital Stock and Ownership of Shares
16. Investment Advisory and
Other Services. . . . . . Investment Advisory and Other Services
17. Brokerage Allocation. . . . Portfolio Transactions and Allocation of
Brokerage
18. Capital Stock and Other
Securities. . . . . . . . Capital Stock and Ownership of Shares
19. Purchase, Redemption and
Pricing of Securities
Being Purchased . . . . . Net Asset Value and Public Offering Price;
Performance Comparisons; Purchase of Shares;
Redemption of Shares
20. Tax Status. . . . . . . . . Taxation
21. Underwriters. . . . . . . . Investment Advisory and Other Services;
Portfolio Transactions and Allocation of
Brokerage
22. Calculations of
Performance Data. . . . . Performance Comparisons
23. Financial Statements. . . . Financial Statements
<PAGE>
EXPLANATORY NOTE
This Registration Statement relates to the 12 series of the Registrant
which issue Class A, Class B and/or Class Y shares. This filing consists of
five Prospectuses, four Statements of Additional Information and one Part C.
<PAGE>
U.S. Growth Funds - 1997 Prospectus
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
___________, 1997
[LOGO]
U.S. GROWTH
FUNDS
SMALL COMPANY GROWTH FUND (Class A and Class B Shares)
- -----------------------------------------------------------
EMERGING GROWTH FUND (Class A and Class B Shares)
- -----------------------------------------------------------
GROWTH FUND (Class A and Class B Shares)
- -----------------------------------------------------------
BEFORE YOU INVEST:
PLEASE READ THIS PROSPECTUS CAREFULLY, AND KEEP IT FOR FUTURE REFERENCE. IT
CONTAINS IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS, INCLUDING INFORMATION ON
INVESTMENT POLICIES, RISKS AND FEES.
AS WITH ALL MUTUAL FUNDS, THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR
DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (SEC) OR ANY STATE
SECURITIES COMMISSION NOR HAS THE SEC OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION
PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION
TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
<PAGE>
[LOGO]
CONTENTS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVESTING IN PIPER U.S. GROWTH FUNDS 1
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SMALL COMPANY GROWTH FUND 2 Investment objectives and
EMERGING GROWTH FUND 4 policies, risk
GROWTH FUND 6 considerations, portfolio
managers, shareholder
expenses and financial
highlights
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVESTMENT SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES 8 An overview of securities
RISK FACTORS 10 and investment techniques
that may be used by the
funds and their risks
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BUYING SHARES 11 Practical information to
Choosing a Share Class help you manage your
Calculating Your Purchase Price investment in Piper Funds
Reducing the Front-End Sales Charge
Investing Automatically
HOLDING SHARES 13
Receiving Dividends and Other Distributions
Taxing of Dividends and Other Distributions
Exchanging Shares
Making Transactions by Phone
Staying Informed
SELLING SHARES 14
Receiving the Proceeds
Paying the CDSC
Taking Systematic Withdrawals
Reinvesting After a Sale
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GENERAL INFORMATION 15
<PAGE>
INVESTING IN PIPER
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. GROWTH
FUNDS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PIPER U.S. GROWTH FUNDS TARGET LONG-TERM GROWTH BY INVESTING PRIMARILY IN
COMMON STOCKS. SMALL COMPANY GROWTH FUND, EMERGING GROWTH FUND AND GROWTH FUND
ARE ADVISED BY PIPER CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INCORPORATED.
BEFORE YOU INVEST:
KNOW YOUR GOALS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
One or more of these funds may be appropriate for your investment portfolio if:
- - You are investing for retirement, your child's education, or another
long-term goal.
- - You are comfortable taking more risk in the hope of achieving a higher
long-term return.
- - You wish to diversify your portfolio, perhaps as part of an asset
allocation strategy.
If you anticipate needing your money in a short time - or if you prefer a
stable investment and would consider selling your shares at the first sign of
loss in your portfolio - you should consider other investment vehicles. Piper
U.S. Growth Funds were not designed to meet these goals.
UNDERSTAND THE RISKS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
While mutual funds are a convenient and potentially rewarding way to invest,
they do not always meet their objectives. Please remember: You could lose money
with these investments. Safety of principal is not guaranteed. The risks
associated with these funds are outlined in the following pages.
USE YOUR PROSPECTUS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Please read this prospectus carefully and keep it on file for future reference.
Additional information is available from your broker or by calling Piper Capital
at 1 800 866-7778.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 Prospectus - U.S. Growth Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
SMALL COMPANY GROWTH FUND
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Small Company Growth Fund seeks long-term capital appreciation. To pursue
this objective, the fund invests primarily in common stocks of small
companies.
GENERALLY SPEAKING, SMALL COMPANIES MAY PROVIDE GREATER GROWTH POTENTIAL THAN
LARGER, MORE MATURE COMPANIES. HOWEVER, THEY MAY ALSO INVOLVE GREATER RISKS
AND PRICE VOLATILITY.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under normal market conditions, Small Company Growth Fund will invest at
least 65% of its total assets in common stocks of small companies that appear
to offer superior growth potential. A company will be considered small if, at
the time of purchase, it has a market capitalization within the range of
companies included in Standard & Poor's SmallCap 600 Index ($__ million to
$__ billion as of _____).
Generally, the fund will be fully invested in common stocks, except that a
small portion of assets will be held in short-term money market securities
and cash to pay redemption requests and fund expenses. However, under unusual
circumstances, the fund may retain cash or invest part or all of its assets
in short-term money market securities as a defensive measure.
The fund may purchase or write put and call options on the securities in
which it may invest and on stock indexes listed on national securities
exchanges. In addition, solely to hedge against changes in the value of its
portfolio securities due to anticipated changes in the market, the fund may
enter into stock index futures contracts and purchase or write put or call
options on such contracts.
RISK CONSIDERATIONS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MARKET RISK Stocks may decline in price over short or extended periods of
time. Price changes may affect the market as a whole, or they may affect only
a particular issuer, industry or sector of the market.
Stocks of small companies generally carry greater market risk than stocks of
larger companies. This is because small companies may lack the management
expertise, financial resources, product diversification and competitive
strengths of larger companies. Stocks of small companies may be subject to
more abrupt or erratic market movements than those of larger, more
established companies or the market averages in general. In addition, the
frequency and volume of their trading may be less than is typical of larger
companies, making them subject to wider price fluctuations.
Because this fund invests primarily in stocks of small companies, it will
probably be more volatile than Emerging Growth Fund, Growth Fund, or other
more conservative stock funds.
OTHER RISKS The investment securities and techniques used by this fund
present other risks as well. See pages 8-10 for more information.
PORTFOLIO MANAGER
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SANDRA SHREWSBURY, CFA, is director of the small-/mid-cap equity team and a
senior vice president of Piper Capital. She has managed the fund since
September 1996. She joined Piper Jaffray in 1987, moved to Piper Capital in
1993 and has 14 years of financial experience.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHAREHOLDER EXPENSES
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As a shareholder, you pay expenses both directly and indirectly. Figures below
show expenses for the past year.
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES CLASS A CLASS B
------------------
Maximum front-end sales charge on purchases . . . . . . . . 4.00% none
AS A % OF OFFERING PRICE
Maximum deferred sales charge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . none(1) 4.00%
AS A % OF NET ASSET VALUE AT PURCHASE
OR REDEMPTION (WHICHEVER IS LESS)
FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (AS A % OF AVERAGE NET ASSETS)
Management fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.75% 0.75%
12b-1 fee (after class A share fee limitation)(2,3) . . . . 0.34% 1.00%
Other expenses ( after expense reimbursements) . . . . . . . ____% ____%
Total operating expenses
(after fee limitation and expense reimbursements)(3) . . . % %
(1) Except for investments of $500,000 or more. See "Selling Shares: Paying
the CDSC."
(2) Due to the 12b-1 fee, long-term shareholders may indirectly pay more than
the equivalent of the maximum permitted front-end sales charge.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPENSES ON A $1,000 INVESTMENT
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The example below shows the expenses you would pay on a $1,000 investment over
various time periods. It assumes you reinvested all distributions and received a
5% annual return. PLEASE NOTE: THIS IS ONLY AN EXAMPLE AND SHOULD NOT BE
CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF PAST OR FUTURE EXPENSES. ACTUAL EXPENSES COULD
VARY.
CLASS A CLASS B CLASS B
Assuming redemption Assuming
at end of period no redemption
-----------------------------------------------
1 year . . . . . . . . . $ $ $
3 years. . . . . . . . . $ $ $
5 years. . . . . . . . . $ $ $
10 years . . . . . . . . $ $(4) $(4)
(3) If Piper Jaffray and Piper Capital had not voluntarily limited fees and
reimbursed expenses, the class A share 12b-1 fee would have been ____%,
other expenses would have been 0.54% for both classes of shares, and total
operating expenses would have been ___% for class A shares and ___% for
class B shares. Fee limitations and expense reimbursements reflected in the
table may be discontinued at any time after fiscal 1998 year end.
(4) Assumes class B shares are purchased on January 1 and convert to class A
shares at the beginning of the sixth full calendar year following the year
of purchase.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Prospectus - U.S. Growth Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
SMALL COMPANY GROWTH FUND (CONTINUED)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS The following information has been audited by KPMG Peat
Marwick LLP, independent auditors.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fiscal year ended September 30,
1997 1996(2) 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990
------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE DATA(3)
Net asset value, beginning of period . . $ 9.73 8.59 8.42 6.79 6.41 4.59 5.03
- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ----- -----
Operations:
Net investment income(4) . . . . . . . 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.05
Net realized and unrealized
gains (losses) on investments . . . . 0.48 1.14 0.15 1.65 0.36 1.82 (0.37)
----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ----- -----
Total from operations . . . . . . . . . 0.51 1.19 0.19 1.66 0.40 1.86 (0.32)
----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ----- -----
Distributions:
From net investment income . . . . . . (0.04) (0.05) (0.02) (0.03) (0.02) (0.04) (0.12)
From net realized gains . . . . . . . . (0.79) -- -- -- -- -- --
----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ----- -----
Total distributions . . . . . . . . . . (0.83) (0.05) (0.02) (0.03) (0.02) (0.04) (0.12)
----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ----- -----
Net asset value, end of period . . . . . $ 9.41 9.73 8.59 8.42 6.79 6.41 4.59
TOTAL RETURN(5) [BAR GRAPH]. . . . . . . 5.38% 13.88% 2.12% 24.56% 6.18% 40.71% (6.61%)
SELECTED INFORMATION
Net assets, end of period (in millions). $ 31 48 78 84 9 9 8
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . % 1.32% 1.40% 1.32% 1.28% 1.47% 1.32% 1.49%
Ratio of net investment income to
average daily net assets . . . . . . % 0.20% 0.43% 0.37% 0.50% 0.56% 0.61% 1.03%
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets before waivers(7) . . . . . . % 1.79% 1.63% 1.54% 1.86% 2.49% 2.39% 2.55%
Ratio of net investment income to
average daily net assets before
waivers(7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . % (0.27%) 0.20% 0.15% (0.08%) (0.46%) (0.46%) (0.03%)
Portfolio turnover rate (excluding
short-term securities) . . . . . . . % 125% 182% 177% 154% 420% 507% 514%
Average brokerage commission rate(8) . . $ 0.06 -- -- -- -- -- --
<CAPTION>
Period from Year Period from
11/1/88 to Ended 3/16/87(1) to
9/30/89 10/31/88 10/31/87
----------------------------------
<C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE DATA(3)
Net asset value, beginning of period . . 4.04 3.95 5.00
----- ---- -----
Operations:
Net investment income(4) . . . . . . . 0.19 0.05 0.04
Net realized and unrealized
gains (losses) on investments . . . . 0.93 0.10 (1.05)
----- ---- -----
Total from operations . . . . . . . . . 1.12 0.15 (1.01)
----- ---- -----
Distributions:
From net investment income . . . . . . (0.13) (0.06) (0.04)
From net realized gains . . . . . . . . -- -- --
----- ---- -----
Total distributions . . . . . . . . . . (0.13) (0.06) (0.04)
----- ---- -----
Net asset value, end of period . . . . . 5.03 4.04 3.95
TOTAL RETURN(5) [BAR GRAPH]. . . . . . . 27.86% 3.47% (20.48%)
SELECTED INFORMATION
Net assets, end of period (in millions). 13 19 28
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.30%(6) 1.52% 1.02%(6)
Ratio of net investment income to
average daily net assets . . . . . . 3.95%6 1.13% 1.51%(6)
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets before waivers(7) . . . . . . 2.23% 2.20% 2.24%
Ratio of net investment income to
average daily net assets before
waivers(7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.02% 0.45% 0.29%
Portfolio turnover rate (excluding
short-term securities) . . . . . . . 375% 202% 200%
Average brokerage commission rate(8) . . -- -- --
</TABLE>
(1) Commencement of operations.
(2) On 9/12/96, shareholders of the Small Company Growth Fund approved a change
in the fund's investment objective from high total investment return
consistent with prudent investment risk to long-term capital appreciation.
In connection with this change in investment objective, the fund's
investment policies were revised and the fund's name was changed from
Equity Strategy Fund to Small Company Growth Fund.
(3) Per share amounts have been restated to reflect the effect of the stock
dividend paid on 10/21/96.
(4) For the years ended 9/30/92 and 10/31/88, gross expenses included $0.01 per
share of income tax expense.
(5) Total return is based on the change in net asset value, assumes
reinvestment of all distributions and does not reflect a sales charge.
(6) Annualized.
(7) During the periods shown, the adviser and distributor voluntarily waived
fees and expenses. Had the fund paid all expenses and had the maximum 12b-1
fee been in effect, the ratios of expenses and net investment income to
average daily net assets would have been as shown. Beginning in fiscal
1995, the expense ratio reflects the effect of gross expenses paid
indirectly by the fund. Prior period expense ratios have not been adjusted.
(8) Per portfolio share traded. Required beginning in 1996.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 Prospectus - U.S. Growth Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
EMERGING GROWTH FUND
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Emerging Growth Fund seeks long-term capital appreciation. To pursue this
objective, the fund invests primarily in common stocks of emerging growth
companies.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under normal market conditions, Emerging Growth Fund will invest at least 65%
of its total assets in common stocks of emerging growth companies that appear
to offer superior growth potential. A company will be considered an emerging
growth company if, at the time of purchase, it has a market capitalization
within the range of companies included in Standard & Poor's MidCap 400 Index
($__ million to $__ billion as of _____).
Additionally, the fund intends to invest at least 65% of its assets in common
stocks of companies headquartered or maintaining offices or manufacturing
facilities in states where Piper Jaffray maintains offices - primarily states
from the Midwest to the Pacific Coast. This regional focus allows the fund to
draw on Piper Jaffray's local expertise and research capabilities.
Generally, the fund will be fully invested in common stocks, except that a
small portion of its assets will be held in short-term money market securities
and cash to pay redemption requests and fund expenses. However, under unusual
circumstances, the fund may retain cash or invest part or all of its assets in
short-term money market securities as a defensive measure.
The fund may purchase or write put and call options on the securities in which
it may invest and on stock indexes listed on national securities exchanges. In
addition, solely to hedge against changes in the value of its portfolio
securities due to anticipated changes in the market, the fund may enter into
stock index futures contracts and purchase or write put or call options on
such contracts.
RISK CONSIDERATIONS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MARKET RISK Stocks may decline in price over short or extended periods of
time. Price changes may affect the market as a whole, or they may affect only
a particular issuer, industry or sector of the market.
While emerging growth stocks may be slightly less volatile than small company
stocks, they do carry greater market risk than large company stocks. This is
because emerging growth companies may have limited product lines, markets or
financial resources, and they may be dependent on a limited management group.
Securities of emerging growth companies may be subject to more abrupt or
erratic market movements than those of larger, more established companies or
the market averages in general.
Because this fund invests primarily in emerging growth company stocks, it
probably will be more volatile than Growth Fund and other more conservative
stock funds. In addition, it may be less diversified by industry and company
than other funds with a similar investment objective and no geographic
limitation.
OTHER RISKS The investment securities and techniques used by this fund
present other risks as well. See pages 8-10 for more information.
PORTFOLIO MANAGER
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SANDRA SHREWSBURY, CFA, is director of the small-/mid-cap equity team and a
senior vice president of Piper Capital. She has been with the management team of
the fund since its inception, and was given primary responsibility for the fund
in 1993. She joined Piper Jaffray in 1987, moved to Piper Capital in 1993 and
has 14 years of financial experience.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHAREHOLDER EXPENSES
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As a shareholder, you pay expenses both directly and indirectly. Figures below
show expenses for the past year.
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES CLASS A CLASS B
-------------------
Maximum front-end sales charge on purchases . . . . . . 4.00% none
AS A % OF OFFERING PRICE
Maximum deferred sales charge . . . . . . . . . . . . . none(1) 4.00%
AS A % OF NET ASSET VALUE AT PURCHASE
OR REDEMPTION (WHICHEVER IS LESS)
FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (AS A % OF AVERAGE NET ASSETS)
Management fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.69% 0.69%
12b-1 fee (after class A share fee limitation)(2,3) . . 0.34% 1.00%
Other expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ____% ____%
Total operating expenses (after fee limitation)(3) . . % %
(1) Except for investments of $500,000 or more. See "Selling Shares: Paying
the CDSC."
(2) Due to the 12b-1 fee, long-term shareholders may indirectly pay more than
the equivalent of the maximum permitted front-end sales charge.
EXPENSES ON A $1,000 INVESTMENT
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The example below shows the expenses you would pay on a $1,000 investment over
various time periods. It assumes you reinvested all distributions and received
a 5% annual return. PLEASE NOTE: THIS IS ONLY AN EXAMPLE AND SHOULD NOT BE
CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF PAST OR FUTURE EXPENSES. ACTUAL EXPENSES COULD
VARY.
CLASS A CLASS B CLASS B
Assuming redemption Assuming
at end of period no redemption
--------------------------------------------------
1 year . . . . . . . . . $ $ $
3 years. . . . . . . . . $ $ $
5 years. . . . . . . . . $ $ $
10 years . . . . . . . . $ $(4) $(4)
(3) If Piper Jaffray had not voluntarily limited fees, the class A share 12b-1
fee would have been 0.50% and total operating expenses for class A shares,
___%. Voluntary 12b-1 fee limitations may be discontinued at any time after
fiscal 1998 year end.
(4) Assumes class B shares are purchased on January 1 and convert to class A
shares at the beginning of the sixth full calendar year following the year
of purchase.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4 Prospectus - U.S. Growth Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
EMERGING GROWTH FUND (CONTINUED)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS The following information has been audited by KPMG Peat
Marwick LLP, independent auditors.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fiscal year ended September 30,
1997 1996(2) 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990(1)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE DATA(2)
Net asset value, beginning of period . . . . $ 12.97 9.63 9.87 7.21 6.93 4.30 5.00
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Operations:
Net investment income (loss). . . . . . . . (0.05) (0.06) (0.04) (0.03) -- 0.01 0.01
Net realized and unrealized
gains (losses) on investments. . . . . . . 2.18 3.40 (0.20) 2.69 0.32 2.64 (0.71)
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Total from operations . . . . . . . . . . . 2.13 3.34 (0.24) 2.66 0.32 2.65 (0.70)
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Distributions:
From net investment income. . . . . . . . . -- -- -- -- -- (0.02) --
From net realized gains . . . . . . . . . . (1.24) -- -- -- (0.04) -- --
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Total distributions . . . . . . . . . . . . (1.24) -- -- -- (0.04) (0.02) --
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Net asset value, end of period . . . . . . . $ 13.86 12.97 9.63 9.87 7.21 6.93 4.30
TOTAL RETURN(5) [BAR GRAPH]. . . . . . . . . 17.84% 34.68% (2.38%) 36.92% 4.55% 61.80% (14.01%)
SELECTED INFORMATION
Net assets, end of period (in millions) . . $ 304 253 224 191 110 56 21
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . % 1.18% 1.24% 1.24% 1.29% 1.30% 1.30% 1.30%(4)
Ratio of net investment income to average
daily net assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . % (0.41%) (0.51%) (0.38%) (0.34%) (0.14%) 0.11% 0.71%(4)
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets before waivers(5) . . . . . . . . % 1.37% 1.42% 1.44% 1.49% 1.56% 1.70% 1.95%
Ratio of net investment income to average
daily net assets before waivers(5) . . . % (0.60%) (0.69%) (0.58%) (0.54%) (0.40%) (0.29%) 0.06%
Portfolio turnover rate (excluding
short-term securities). . . . . . . . . . % 44% 33% 31% 30% 21% 27% 6%
Average brokerage commission rate(6) . . . . $ 0.06 -- -- -- -- -- --
</TABLE>
(1) Period from 4/23/90 (commencement of operations) to 9/30/90.
(2) Per share amounts have been restated to reflect the effect of the stock
dividend declared on 12/23/95.
(3) Total return is based on the change in net asset value, assumes
reinvestment of all distributions and does not reflect a sales
charge.
(4) Annualized.
(5) During the periods shown, the adviser and distributor voluntarily
waived fees and expenses. Had the fund paid all expenses and had the
maximum 12b-1 fee been in effect, the ratios of expenses and net
investment income to average daily net assets would have been as shown.
Beginning in fiscal 1995, the expense ratio reflects the effect of gross
expenses paid indirectly by the fund. Prior period expense ratios have not
been adjusted.
(6) Per portfolio share traded. Required beginning in 1996.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 Prospectus - U.S. Growth Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
GROWTH FUND
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Growth Fund has a primary objective of long-term capital appreciation.
Secondarily, it seeks current income and conservation of principal. The fund
targets these objectives by maintaining a portfolio of common stocks broadly
diversified among industries and companies.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Growth Fund invests at least 60% of its total assets in securities of
companies with market capitalizations over $1 billion. In selecting these
securities, the adviser seeks companies which have the potential for long-term
earnings growth, a cyclical earnings rebound or above-average dividend yield
when compared to the S&P 500. Emphasis is placed on companies which appear
well managed with strong business fundamentals and which are trading at a
discount to the present value of their projected future earnings.
The fund may invest up to 40% of its total assets in securities of companies
with market capitalizations of $1 billion or less, some of which may be
considered speculative in nature. The adviser looks for companies which could
generate high levels of future revenue and earnings growth, but which trade at
a price that does not fully reflect this investment opportunity.
Under normal market conditions, the fund will invest at least 90% of its
total assets in common stocks, securities convertible into or that carry the
right to buy common stocks, and repurchase agreements. However, in unusual
circumstances, the fund may retain cash or invest part or all of its assets
in short-term money market securities as a defensive measure. In addition, a
small portion of the fund's assets usually will be held in short-term money
market securities and cash to pay redemption requests and fund expenses.
The fund may purchase or write put and call options on the securities in which
it may invest and on stock indexes listed on national securities exchanges. In
addition, solely to hedge against changes in the value of its portfolio
securities due to anticipated changes in the market, the fund may enter into
stock index futures contracts and purchase or write put or call options on
such contracts.
RISK CONSIDERATIONS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MARKET RISK The value of your investment will fluctuate in response to stock
market movements. Stocks may decline in price over short or extended periods
of time. Price changes may affect the market as a whole, or they may affect
only a particular issuer, industry or sector of the market.
OTHER RISKS The investment securities and techniques used by this fund
present other risks as well. See pages 8-10 for more information.
PORTFOLIO MANAGER
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
STEVE MARKUSEN, CFA, is director of the large-cap equity team and a senior vice
president of Piper Capital. He has managed this fund since December 1994. He
joined the adviser in 1993. From 1989 through 1993, he was an equity portfolio
manager with Investment Advisers, Inc. He has 13 years of financial experience.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHAREHOLDER EXPENSES
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As a shareholder, you pay expenses both directly and indirectly. Figures below
show expenses for the past year.
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES CLASS A CLASS B
-------------------
Maximum front-end sales charge on purchases . . . . . . . . 4.00% none
AS A % OF OFFERING PRICE
Maximum deferred sales charge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . none(1) 4.00%
AS A % OF NET ASSET VALUE AT PURCHASE
OR REDEMPTION (WHICHEVER IS LESS)
FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (AS A % OF AVERAGE NET ASSETS)
Management fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.71% 0.71%
12b-1 fee (after class A share fee limitation)(2,3) . . . 0.34% 1.00%
Other expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ____% ____%
Total operating expenses (after fee limitation )(3) . . . % %
(1) Except for investments of $500,000 or more. See "Selling Shares: Paying
the CDSC."
(2) Due to the 12b-1 fee, long-term shareholders may indirectly pay more than
the equivalent of the maximum permitted front-end sales charge.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPENSES ON A $1,000 INVESTMENT
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The example below shows the expenses you would pay on a $1,000 investment over
various time periods. It assumes you reinvested all distributions and received a
5% annual return. PLEASE NOTE: THIS IS ONLY AN EXAMPLE AND SHOULD NOT BE
CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF PAST OR FUTURE EXPENSES. ACTUAL EXPENSES COULD
VARY.
CLASS A CLASS B CLASS B
Assuming redemption Assuming
at end of period no redemption
--------------------------------------------------
1 year . . . . . . . $ $ $
3 years. . . . . . . $ $ $
5 years. . . . . . . $ $ $
10 years . . . . . . $ $(4) $(4)
(3) If Piper Jaffray had not voluntarily limited fees, the class A share 12b-1
fee would have been 0.50% and total operating expenses for class A shares,
___%. Voluntary 12b-1 fee limitations may be discontinued at any time after
fiscal 1998 year end.
(4) Assumes class B shares are purchased on January 1 and convert to class A
shares at the beginning of the sixth full calendar year following the year
of purchase.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6 Prospectus - U.S. Growth Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
GROWTH FUND (CONTINUED)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS The following information has been audited by KPMG Peat
Marwick LLP, independent auditors.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fiscal year ended September 30,
1997 1996(2) 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990
-----------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE DATA(2)
Net asset value, beginning of period . . $ 10.20 9.45 9.65 8.53 8.43 5.85 6.23
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Operations:
Net investment income . . . . . . . . . 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.09 0.10
Net realized and unrealized
gains (losses) on investments. . . . . 1.55 1.80 (0.18) 1.12 0.38 2.59 (0.38)
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Total from operations . . . . . . . . . 1.58 1.84 (0.14) 1.18 0.47 2.68 (0.28)
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Distributions:
From net investment income. . . . . . . (0.03) (0.04) (0.06) (0.06) (0.08) (0.10) (0.10)
From net realized gains . . . . . . . . (1.17) (1.05) -- -- (0.29) -- --
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Total distributions . . . . . . . . . . (1.20) (1.09) (0.06) (0.06) (0.37) (0.10) (0.10)
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Net asset value, end of period . . . . . $ 10.58 10.20 9.45 9.65 8.53 8.43 5.85
TOTAL RETURN(5) [BAR GRAPH]. . . . . . . 16.87% 20.60% (1.51%) 13.85% 5.76% 46.23% (4.81%)
SELECTED INFORMATION
Net assets, end of period (in millions). $ 178 172 195 252 200 107 47
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . % 1.24% 1.27% 1.23% 1.26% 1.29% 1.32% 1.31%
Ratio of net investment income to
average daily net assets . . . . . . % 0.28% 0.40% 0.43% 0.66% 1.04% 1.25% 1.57%
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets before waivers(5) . . . . . . % 1.43% 1.45% 1.42% 1.44% 1.47% 1.55% 1.64%
Ratio of net investment income to
average daily net assets before
waivers(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . % 0.09% 0.22% 0.24% 0.48% 0.86% 1.02% 1.24%
Portfolio turnover rate (excluding
short-term securities) . . . . . . . % 19% 80% 11% 45% 36% 36% 37%
Average brokerage commission rate(6) . . $ 0.06 -- -- -- -- -- --
<CAPTION>
Period from Year Period from
11/1/88 to Ended 3/16/87(1) to
9/30/89 10/31/88 10/31/87
-----------------------------------
<C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE DATA(2)
Net asset value, beginning of period . . 4.80 4.31 5.00
----- ----- -----
Operations:
Net investment income . . . . . . . . . 0.09 0.09 0.05
Net realized and unrealized
gains (losses) on investments. . . . . 1.43 0.49 (0.69)
----- ----- -----
Total from operations . . . . . . . . . 1.52 0.58 (0.64)
----- ----- -----
Distributions:
From net investment income. . . . . . . (0.09) (0.09) (0.05)
From net realized gains . . . . . . . . -- -- --
----- ----- -----
Total distributions . . . . . . . . . . (0.09) (0.09) (0.05)
----- ----- -----
Net asset value, end of period . . . . . 6.23 4.80 4.31
TOTAL RETURN(5) [BAR GRAPH]. . . . . . . 31.90% 13.79% (13.16%)
SELECTED INFORMATION
Net assets, end of period (in millions). 37 19 18
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.30%(4) 1.30% 1.00%(4)
Ratio of net investment income to
average daily net assets . . . . . . 1.75%(4) 2.06% 1.84%(4)
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets before waivers(5) . . . . . . 1.89% 1.96% 2.29%
Ratio of net investment income to
average daily net assets before
waivers(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.16% 1.40% 0.55%
Portfolio turnover rate (excluding
short-term securities) . . . . . . . 48% 52% 32%
Average brokerage commission rate(6) . . -- -- --
</TABLE>
(1) Commencement of operations.
(2) Per share amounts have been restated to reflect the effect of the stock
dividend paid on 10/21/96.
(3) Total return is based on the change in net asset value, assumes
reinvestment of all distributions and does not reflect a sales charge.
(4) Annualized.
(5) During the periods shown, the adviser and distributor voluntarily waived
fees and expenses. Had the fund paid all expenses and had the maximum 12b-1
fee been in effect, the ratios of expenses and net investment income to
average daily net assets would have been as shown. Beginning in fiscal
1995, the expense ratio reflects the effect of gross expenses paid
indirectly by the fund. Prior period expense ratios have not been adjusted.
(6) Per portfolio share traded. Required beginning in 1996.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7 Prospectus - U.S. Growth Funds
<PAGE>
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
INVESTMENT SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This table lists investment securities and techniques used by the funds and
notes any investment limitations as a percentage of portfolio assets. It also
lists the principal risk factors, which are explained in greater detail on the
following pages.
10 Percent of total assets
/10/ Percent of net assets
y Permitted without limitation
n Not permitted
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SMALL COMPANY EMERGING GROWTH GROWTH
GROWTH FUND FUND FUND
<S> <C> <C> <C>
INVESTMENT SECURITIES
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FUTURES CONTRACTS (D). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y y
require the holder to buy or sell securities at a specified price on a specified
date. Some are contracts to make a cash settlement on a future date in an amount
determined by the value of a financial index (such as the S&P 500 Index) on the
last day of the contract. A fund generally buys or sells futures as protection
against fluctuations in the value of its portfolio without actually buying or
selling securities.
Leverage, Liquidity, Market, Correlation, Opportunity
OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y y
give the holder the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a
position in a futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time prior
to the expiration date of the option.
Leverage, Liquidity, Market, Correlation, Opportunity
ILLIQUID SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . /15/ /15/ /15/
cannot be sold in the ordinary course of business within seven days at
approximately the price at which they are valued. This includes Rule 144A
securities unless they are determined to be liquid under procedures adopted by
the board of directors. Liquidity, Market
OPTIONS ON SECURITIES (D). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y y
are contracts which give the holder the right, in return for the premium paid,
to buy or sell securities prior to the expiration date of the option, upon
payment of the option exercise price. The writer of the option is then
obligated, in return for the premium received, to either deliver or purchase the
securities. Market, Leverage, Correlation, Liquidity, Credit, Opportunity
OPTIONS ON STOCK INDEXES (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y y
are contracts which give the holder the right, in return for the premium paid,
to receive a cash settlement, if, prior to the expiration of the option, the
closing level of the index is greater than, in the case of a call, or less than,
in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option. The writer of the option
is obligated, in return for the premium received, to make the cash payment upon
exercise of the option.
Market, Leverage, Correlation, Liquidity, Credit, Opportunity
SHORT-TERM MONEY MARKET SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y y
include short-term U.S. government securities, time deposits, bank certificates
of deposit, bankers' acceptances, high-grade commercial paper and other money
market instruments. Interest Rate, Credit, Market
</TABLE>
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8 Prospectus - U.S. Growth Funds
<PAGE>
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
INVESTMENT SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES (CONTINUED)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C> <C>
INVESTMENT TECHNIQUES
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BORROWING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 10 10
is permitted for temporary or emergency purposes only. Interest paid on
borrowed funds reduces earnings. Each fund's policy on borrowing cannot be
changed without shareholder approval. Leverage
INDUSTRY CONCENTRATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n(1) n(1) n(1)
The investment by a fund of 25% or more of its total assets in any one industry.
Market, Opportunity
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y y
The fund purchases securities on the condition that the seller will buy them
back at a set time and price, plus interest. Credit
</TABLE>
(D) These securities are considered derivative securities. A derivative is a
financial instrument whose value is based on another security, index,
reference rate (for example, interest or currency exchange rate) or other
asset.
(1) This restriction does not apply to securities of the U.S. government, or
its agencies or instrumentalities, or to repurchase agreements relating to
those securities. Gas, electric, telephone, telegraph, satellite and microwave
communications companies are considered separate industries.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9 Prospectus - U.S. Growth Funds
<PAGE>
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
RISK FACTORS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A summary of the principal risks which apply to each fund is provided in "Fund
Descriptions." More detail regarding these and other risks associated with
investment securities and techniques used by Piper U.S. Growth Funds is provided
below.
CORRELATION RISK
Sometimes, changes in the price of a hedging instrument do not correlate
perfectly with changes in the market value of the securities subject to that
hedge. As a result, even a correct market forecast could result in an
unsuccessful hedging transaction.
CREDIT RISK
The issuer of a security, or the other party to a contract, such as a
repurchase agreement, could default on its financial obligation, causing a
loss in a fund's portfolio.
INTEREST RATE RISK
Generally, rising interest rates cause a decline in market prices of existing
debt securities, because investors may purchase new debt securities at a
higher rate of interest. Falling interest rates generally cause market prices
of existing debt securities to rise.
LEVERAGE RISK
Leverage magnifies exposure to the potential risks and rewards of a particular
investment. If a security or investment practice involves leverage, small
market movements can result in large changes in market value.
LIQUIDITY RISK
A fund may not be able to sell a security at the desired time and price. It
may have to accept a lower price or sell other securities instead at a time
when the sale of those securities might not be advantageous. The sale of
illiquid securities often requires more time and results in higher selling
expenses than the sale of liquid securities. Investing in Rule 144A securities
could have the effect of increasing the level of fund illiquidity to the
extent that qualified institutional buyers become, for a time, uninterested in
purchasing these securities.
MARKET RISK
All stocks and bonds may decline in price over short or extended periods of
time. Price changes may affect the market as a whole, or they may affect only
a particular issuer, industry or sector of the market.
OPPORTUNITY RISK
The risk of having to forego an investment opportunity because assets are tied
up in a less beneficial investment.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 Prospectus - U.S. Growth Funds
<PAGE>
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
BUYING SHARES
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may become a shareholder in Piper Funds with an initial investment of $250
or more. Add to your existing investment with any amount, at any time. Simply
call your Piper Jaffray Investment Executive or another authorized brokerage
firm.
CHOOSING A SHARE CLASS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may purchase class A shares or class B shares of Piper U.S. Growth Funds.
Each class has its own cost structure, allowing you to choose the one that
best meets your requirements. The amount of your purchase and the length of
time you expect to hold your shares will be factors in determining which class
of shares is best for you.
CLASS A SHARES
If you are making an investment that qualifies for a reduced sales charge,
class A shares may be best for you. Class A shares feature:
- - A front-end sales charge, as described below.
- - Lower annual expenses than class B shares.
(See "Fund Descriptions.")
CLASS B SHARES
If you want to avoid a front-end sales charge because you want all your money to
go to work immediately, you may prefer class B shares. Class B shares feature:
- - No front-end sales charge.
- - Higher annual expenses than class A shares.
- - A contingent deferred sales charge if you redeem your shares within five years
after the calendar year of purchase.
- - Automatic conversion to class A shares at the beginning of the sixth year
following the calendar year of purchase, thereby reducing future annual
expenses.
CLASS Y (INSTITUTIONAL) SHARES
Through a separate prospectus, Emerging Growth Fund also offers class Y shares
to investors making an initial investment of $1 million or more. Class Y
shares feature:
- - No sales charges.
- - Lower annual expenses than class A or B.
For more information, call your broker or Mutual Fund Services at
1 800 866-7778.
NOTE:
If your investment qualifies for a reduced sales charge as described below,
class A shares will normally be the better choice. For that reason:
- - Orders for class B shares for $250,000 or more will be treated as orders for
class A shares.
- - Orders for class B shares by an investor eligible to purchase class A shares
without a front-end sales charge will be treated as orders for class A shares.
- - For Emerging Growth Fund, orders for either class A or class B shares for $1
million or more will be treated as orders for class Y shares.
CALCULATING YOUR PURCHASE PRICE
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Your purchase price will be based on the next net asset value of your shares
calculated after your broker receives your purchase order. The net asset value
of each share is equal to the market value of the fund's investments and other
assets, less any liabilities, divided by the number of fund shares.
CLASS A SHARES
Your purchase price is typically the net asset value of your shares, plus a
front-end sales charge. Sales charges vary depending on the amount of your
purchase.
As a % of As a % of
Purchase amount purchase price net asset value
Up to $100,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.00% . . . . . . . . . .4.17%
$100,000-249,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.25% . . . . . . . . . .3.36%
$250,000-499,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.50% . . . . . . . . . .2.56%
$500,000 and more. . . . . . . . . . . . . None* . . . . . . . . . .None*
- - A contingent deferred sales charge will be assessed if you redeem within 24
months. See "Selling Shares," page 14.
CLASS B SHARES
Class B shares are sold at net asset value with no initial sales charge.
However, if you redeem your shares during the calendar year in which they are
purchased, or in any of the next five calendar years, you will pay a
contingent deferred sales charge. See "Selling Shares," page 14.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11 Prospectus - U.S. Growth Funds
<PAGE>
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
BUYING SHARES (CONTINUED)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
REDUCING THE FRONT-END SALES CHARGE
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may reduce, or even eliminate, the front-end sales charge on class A
shares through the following purchase plans. For details, please consult your
broker or the Statement of Additional Information.
ACCUMULATION PRIVILEGE
Prior purchases of class A shares of any Piper fund (except a money market
fund) will be factored into your sales charge calculation. For example, let's
say you're making a $10,000 investment. If the current value or the original
cost of all other Piper fund class A shares that you hold is $90,000 or
greater, your current sales charge is reduced.
COMBINED PURCHASE PLAN
You may combine your purchase of class A shares with purchases from another
account, such as your spouse's or child's account or your IRA. Qualified
groups which invest as a unit may also combine purchases of class A shares to
reduce sales charges.
LETTER OF INTENT
If you plan to invest $100,000 or more over a 13-month period in class A
shares of any Piper fund, you may reduce your sales charge by signing a
non-binding letter of intent. (If you do not fulfill the letter of intent, you
must pay the applicable sales charge.)
SPECIAL PURCHASE PLANS
Class A shares may be purchased without a sales charge by:
- - Investors in 401(k) or other qualified plans which offer Piper Funds.
- - Investors purchasing shares through Piper Jaffray's Advantage program or
other qualified wrap-fee accounts.
- - Investors using the proceeds from the sale of any mutual fund not in the Piper
Funds family, excluding money market funds. (This privilege is available for
30 days after the sale.)
- - Piper Capital clients purchasing shares for their advisory accounts.
- - Employees, directors, or retirees of Piper Jaffray Companies or any of its
subsidiaries, as well as certain relatives of these persons. Trust, pension,
profit-sharing or other benefit plans for these individuals also may qualify.
- - Employees of brokerage firms which have sales agreements with Piper Jaffray,
their spouses and minor children.
- - Trust companies or bank trust departments investing for discretionary
accounts.
- - Piper Jaffray Companies and its subsidiaries.
INVESTING AUTOMATICALLY
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AUTOMATIC MONTHLY INVESTMENT PROGRAMS
To purchase class A or class B shares as part of a savings discipline, you may
automatically transfer $100 or more each month to any Piper fund from your bank,
savings and loan or other financial institution. Or transfer $25 or more per
month from any of the Piper money market funds.
CROSS-REINVESTMENT OF DISTRIBUTIONS
To help you diversify your portfolio, you may automatically invest your income
and capital gain distributions in the same class of shares of another Piper
fund (other than our money market funds) at net asset value, provided you hold
a minimum balance in that fund.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12 Prospectus - U.S. Growth Funds
<PAGE>
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
HOLDING SHARES
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RECEIVING DIVIDENDS AND OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dividends from a fund's net investment income, if any, will be paid annually.
Any capital gains are distributed at least once each year.
On the ex-dividend date for a distribution, a fund's share price is reduced
by the amount of the distribution. If you buy shares just before the
ex-dividend date, in effect, you "buy the dividend." You will pay the full
price for the shares and then receive a portion of that price back as a
taxable distribution.
Dividend and capital gain distributions will be reinvested in additional
shares of the fund, invested in shares of a different Piper fund, or
distributed in cash. Any reinvestments must be in the same class of shares.
Please tell your broker which distribution method you prefer.
CLASS B SHAREHOLDERS GENERALLY WILL RECEIVE LOWER PER SHARE DIVIDENDS
THAN CLASS A SHAREHOLDERS BECAUSE OF THE HIGHER EXPENSES APPLICABLE
TO CLASS B SHARES.
TAXING OF DIVIDENDS AND OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Each fund has qualified, and intends to continue qualifying, for taxation as
a regulated investment company. As long as a fund continues to qualify, it
will not be subject to federal income tax to the extent its income is
distributed to shareholders.
Dividends and distributions you receive from a fund are generally taxable
whether you reinvest them or take them in cash. Distributions of long-term
capital gains are taxable as long-term gains, regardless of how long you have
held your shares (except that, under recent amendments to the tax code, the
funds may be required to designate certain capital gain dividends that you
must treat as mid-term capital gains if you are an individual shareholder).
Dividends from a fund's net investment income and short-term capital gain
distributions are taxable as ordinary income.
If you sell or exchange your fund shares, it will be a taxable event for you and
may result in a capital gain or loss. Under recent amendments to the tax code,
the gain or loss will be considered long-term for individuals who have held
their shares for more than 18 months and mid-term for individuals who have held
their shares more than one year but not more than 18 months. A gain or loss on
shares held for one year or less is considered short-term and is taxed at the
same rates as ordinary income.
EXCHANGING SHARES
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If your investment goals or your financial needs change, you may move your
shares from one Piper fund to another, if the shares of that fund are legally
available in your state. There is no fee to exchange shares.
You may exchange your class A shares only for class A shares and your class B
shares only for class B shares. However, please note that not all Piper funds
offer class B shares.
Exchanges are generally made based on the net asset value per share of each fund
at the time of the exchange. However, if your new fund has a higher sales charge
- - for example if you move from an income fund to a growth fund - you must pay
the difference.
You may also move your class A growth fund assets into a Piper money market
fund. If you later exchange those money market shares for Piper Funds class A
shares, that exchange will be treated as an exchange from the class A shares of
the growth fund for purposes of determining your sales charge. Class B shares
may be exchanged for class B shares of Piper Money Market Fund. However, please
note that class B Money Market Fund shares have higher expenses than are typical
for money market funds.
Before exchanging into any fund, be sure to read its prospectus carefully.
MAKING TRANSACTIONS BY PHONE
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may buy or sell shares over the phone by calling your broker. If you hold
your shares with IFTC or with a brokerage firm other than Piper Jaffray, you may
also buy or sell shares by calling IFTC at 1 800 874-6205, provided you have
authorized telephone privileges in your Account Application and Services form.
For your protection, IFTC will attempt to verify your identity by asking for
your account number, social security number or other form of personal
identification. If reasonable care is taken to identify you as the caller,
neither IFTC nor the funds will be liable for losses to your account resulting
from an unauthorized telephone transaction. Payments which result from telephone
transactions will be made only to the address of record or the bank account
designated on your Account Application and Services form.
STAYING INFORMED
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Piper Capital offers a variety of resources to help keep you informed. If you
would like more information, please contact your broker or call Mutual Fund
Services at 1 800 866-7778. As a shareholder, you automatically receive the
following:
Shareholder Reports
Shareholder reports are mailed twice a year, in November and May. They include
financial statements and performance information on the funds, a message from
your portfolio manager, and, on an annual basis, the auditor's report.
To reduce shareholder costs and help eliminate duplication, only one report is
sent to each address which lists one or more shareholders with the same last
name. If you would like additional reports mailed to your address, please
contact Mutual Fund Services.
Statements and Confirmations
Statements are mailed monthly (quarterly if your account has no activity).
Confirms are mailed following each purchase or sale of fund shares.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13 Prospectus - U.S. Growth Funds
<PAGE>
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
SELLING SHARES
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may sell any or all of your shares at any time for their net asset value
(less any applicable contingent deferred sales charges). Simply call your
broker. Your request will be executed at the next net asset value calculated
after your request is received by your broker.
RECEIVING THE PROCEEDS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you are a Piper Jaffray client with a signed Piper Automated Transfer (PAT)
agreement, proceeds from a sale of shares usually will be transferred to your
account the next day. Otherwise, proceeds will be sent to you or your broker,
generally within three business days. If you sell shares that were recently
purchased by check, payment may be delayed until the check has cleared (normally
up to 15 days from the purchase date).
If you work with a broker from a firm other than Piper Jaffray, you also may
sell your shares by submitting a written request to the funds' transfer agent,
IFTC. Call IFTC at 1 800 874-6205 for instructions.
Remember to keep at least $200 in your account. If your account falls below $200
due to a sale of shares or an exchange request, your account may be liquidated
following 30 days written notice.
PAYING THE CONTINGENT DEFERRED SALES CHARGE (CDSC)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Class A Shares
If you invest $500,000 or more in class A shares and, as a result, pay no front-
end sales charge, you may incur a CDSC if you sell your shares within 24 months.
The CDSC is equal to 1% of the net asset value of the shares at the time of
purchase or at the time of sale, whichever is less. This charge does not apply
to shares you acquired by reinvesting your dividend or capital gain
distributions.
To lower your costs, class A shares that are not subject to a CDSC will be sold
first. Other shares will then be sold in an order that minimizes your CDSC.
Letter of Intent
If you sell your class A shares within 24 months of fulfilling a letter of
intent, you will be charged a CDSC.
Exchanges
No CDSC is charged if you exchange class A shares that were originally purchased
without a sales charge, unless you sell your new class A shares within 24 months
of your original purchase.
Class B Shares
If you sell your class B shares during the calendar year in which they were
purchased or in any of the following five calendar years, you will pay a CDSC
based on the net asset value of your shares at the time of purchase or at the
time of sale, whichever is less. The charge does not apply to shares you
acquired by reinvesting your dividend or capital gain distributions.
If sold during this period the CDSC would be
----------- -----------------
Calendar year of purchase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4%
First calendar year after purchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4%
Second calendar year after purchase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3%
Third calendar year after purchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2%
Fourth calendar year after purchase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2%
Fifth calendar year after purchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1%
Your CDSC is based on the calendar years in which you purchase and sell shares,
rather than on the number of years you have held shares. For example: If you buy
shares on December 31, 1997, and redeem them on January 1, 1999, you will pay a
3% CDSC, even though you have held the shares for just over one year.
Conversion Feature
Your class B shares will automatically convert to class A shares on January 1 of
the sixth calendar year following the year in which you purchased your shares.
The conversion will be based on the net asset values of the two classes.
Whenever any of your class B shares convert to class A shares, a proportionate
number of class B shares purchased by reinvested distributions will also
convert.
CDSC Waivers
For class A shares, if you purchased your shares through a Special Purchase
Plan, the CDSC will be waived.
For both class A and class B shares, the CDSC will be waived:
- - Due to death or disability of the shareholder.
- - To allow a lump-sum distribution from a qualified employee benefit plan.
- - To allow systematic withdrawals from a qualified employee benefit plan, if you
are at least 59-1/2 years old.
- - To allow for a tax-free return of an excess contribution to your IRA.
- - If your account balance falls below $200 and your account is liquidated.
TAKING SYSTEMATIC WITHDRAWALS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If your account has a value of $5,000 or more, you can make automatic
withdrawals from your account. You may withdraw $100 or more monthly, quarterly,
or semiannually by authorizing the sale of the appropriate number of shares on
a periodic basis. To set up systematic withdrawals, contact your broker.
You should not make systematic withdrawals if you plan to continue investing in
the fund, due to sales charges and tax liabilities.
REINVESTING AFTER A SALE
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you sell class A shares, you may reinvest in class A shares of that fund or
another Piper fund within 30 days without a sales charge. If you sell class B
shares, or other shares subject to a CDSC, that charge will be credited to your
account and the reinvested shares will continue to be subject to the CDSC.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14 Prospectus - U.S. Growth Funds
<PAGE>
GENERAL INFORMATION
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HOW THE FUNDS ARE ORGANIZED
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Small Company Growth Fund, Emerging Growth Fund and Growth Fund are diversified
series of Piper Funds Inc., an open-end investment company.
Voting Rights
Although the funds are not required by law to hold annual meetings, they may
hold shareholder meetings from time to time on important matters. In addition,
shareholders have the right to call a meeting under certain circumstances. When
your fund holds a meeting, you will receive a proxy statement requesting your
vote. You have one vote for each share you own.
Rights of Different Classes
The different classes of shares of a fund have the same rights and are identical
in all respects except that:
- - Expenses related to the distribution of each class of shares are borne solely
by that class.
- - To the extent they can reasonably be identified as relating to a particular
class of shares, transfer agent fees will be allocated to that class.
- - Each class has exclusive voting rights with respect to approval of any 12b-1
distribution plan related to that class. However, as long as class B shares
convert into class A shares, class B shareholders will have the right to vote
on any distribution fees imposed on class A shares.
- - Only class B shares carry a conversion feature.
- - Each class has different exchange privileges.
Fund Objectives
Each fund's investment objective is fundamental and may be changed only with
shareholder approval.
HOW THE FUNDS ARE MANAGED
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The funds are governed by a board of directors, which is responsible for
protecting the interests of shareholders. Directors meet periodically throughout
the year to oversee the funds' activities, review their performance and review
the actions of the funds' adviser. Although the board may include individuals
who are affiliated with the adviser, the majority of board members must be
independent. The board has retained the companies listed below to manage the
funds' operations.
Investment Adviser
Piper Capital Management
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
As investment adviser, Piper Capital manages the funds' business and investment
activities, subject to the authority of the board of directors. Each fund pays
Piper Capital a monthly management fee for providing investment advisory
services. See "Shareholder Expenses" in the "Fund Descriptions" section of this
prospectus for more information.
Piper Capital also is investment adviser to the other Piper Funds, to a number
of closed-end investment companies and to various institutions, corporations and
individuals. Piper Capital has approximately $9 billion under management and is
a wholly owned subsidiary of Piper Jaffray Companies Inc., a full-service
investment company.
Distributor
Piper Jaffray Inc.
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
Piper Jaffray is the principal distributor of the funds' shares. Other
brokerage firms that have a sales agreement with Piper Jaffray may also sell
fund shares. Piper Jaffray is a wholly owned subsidiary of Piper Jaffray
Companies and an affiliate of Piper Capital.
Custodian and Record Keeping Agent
Investors Fiduciary Trust Company (IFTC)
127 West Tenth Street
Kansas City, MO 64105
As the funds' custodian and record keeping agent, IFTC holds the funds'
portfolio securities, settles trades, collects data needed to calculate net
asset values, and provides record-keeping.
Transfer Agents
IFTC (address listed above)
Piper Jaffray (address listed above)
Piper Trust Company
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
The funds' transfer agents pay dividends and other distributions. Piper Jaffray
and Piper Trust provide transfer agent services for shareholders whose
accounts are held at those companies. IFTC provides these services for all other
shareholder accounts.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
15 Prospectus - U.S. Growth Funds
<PAGE>
GENERAL INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HOW DEALERS ARE COMPENSATED
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Piper Jaffray and other brokerage firms which sell fund shares receive
compensation in several ways. A portion of this compensation is typically passed
along to your broker.
Sales Commissions
Piper Jaffray receives the sales charge that you pay when you purchase class A
shares. If you purchased your shares from another brokerage firm, that firm
retains a portion of the sales charge. If your purchase of class A shares
was not subject to a front-end sales charge, Piper Jaffray may receive a fee
from Piper Capital equal to a percentage of the purchase price. Piper Jaffray
also receives any CDSC imposed when you sell your class A or class B shares.
Piper Jaffray pays a sales commission equal to a percentage of the amount
invested to its Investment Executives and to other brokerage firms which sell
class B shares.
12b-1 Fees
Piper Jaffray receives 12b-1 fees from each fund for providing distribution-
related services and for servicing shareholder accounts. Fees are established
under each fund's 12b-1 plan, which is approved by the board, and vary by class.
Class A and class B shares of each fund pay 12b-1 fees quarterly at annual rates
equal to 0.50% and 1.00%, respectively, of average daily net assets. Piper
Jaffray is currently voluntarily limiting the 12b-1 fees it receives from class
A shares to 0.34% of average daily net assets.
For each fund, Piper Jaffray pays a portion of its 12b-1 fee to brokerage firms
which have sold shares of that fund. Firms receive an annual fee equal to 0.30%
of the fund's average daily net assets attributable to shares sold by the firm's
brokers. Piper Jaffray also uses 12b-1 fees to pay other distribution expenses
and shareholder servicing costs, such as printing and promotional costs.
Other Compensation
In addition to the compensation discussed above, Piper Jaffray and Piper Capital
may provide promotional incentives to brokers. These incentives, which may be
available only to brokers who have sold significant amounts of fund shares, may
include payment for travel expenses in connection with sales seminars, including
lodging at luxury resorts.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
When deciding which brokers to use for the funds' portfolio transactions, Piper
Capital may consider whether brokers have sold shares of the funds or any other
Piper Funds. Piper Capital may place trades through Piper Jaffray in compliance
with 1940 Act rules.
NET ASSET VALUE
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net asset value per share is calculated by dividing the total market value of
the fund's investments and other assets, less any liabilities, by the number of
fund shares. The values of securities within a fund's portfolio are determined
by:
- - An independent pricing service, or
- - Through market quotations obtained from one or more dealers who make a market
in the securities or from a widely used quotation system.
- - Occasionally, if prices are not available from the above sources or are
determined to be unreliable, securities will be priced at "fair market value"
according to procedures approved by the board of directors.
Net asset value is calculated as of the regular close of the New York Stock
Exchange (typically 4 p.m. Eastern Time) on each day the exchange is open for
trading.
PENDING LAWSUITS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following two complaints, which are based on allegations of
misrepresentation and improper management, are pending relating to the
Intermediate Bond Fund (formerly Institutional Government Income Portfolio), a
series of Piper Funds Inc.
1) Filed April 11, 1995, by Frank R. Berman, Trustee of Frank R. Berman
Professional CP Pension Plan Trust. First filed in Minnesota State District
Court, Hennepin County, and moved to U.S. District Court, District of Minnesota.
Defendants include Piper Funds Inc., Piper Jaffray and certain persons
affiliated or formerly affiliated with Piper Capital and Piper Jaffray.
2) Filed June 22, 1995, by Beverly Muth, in the Montana Thirteenth Judicial
District Court, Yellowstone County. Filed against Piper Jaffray and an
affiliated person.
Piper Capital and Piper Jaffray are also subject to an investigation by the
Securities and Exchange Commission which began February 21, 1995, related to
various funds and assets managed by Piper Capital.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16 Prospectus - U.S. Growth Funds
<PAGE>
U.S. Growth Funds - Prospectus
FOR MORE INFORMATION
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Annual/Semiannual Reports
Shareholder reports include financial statements and performance information on
the funds, a message from your portfolio manager, and, on an annual basis, the
auditor's report.
Statement of Additional Information (SAI)
The SAI contains more detailed information about the funds. A current SAI has
been filed with the SEC and is incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
To order free copies, please write or call:
Piper Capital Management
Attn: Mutual Fund Services
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
1 800 866-7778
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[LOGO] PIPER FUNDS 222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
#30200 11/1997 220-97
<PAGE>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Growth and Income Funds - Prospectus
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
___________, 1997
[LOGO]
GROWTH AND INCOME FUNDS
GROWTH AND INCOME FUND (Class A and Class B Shares)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BALANCED FUND (Class A and Class B Shares)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BEFORE YOU INVEST:
PLEASE READ THIS PROSPECTUS CAREFULLY, AND KEEP IT FOR FUTURE REFERENCE. IT
CONTAINS IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS, INCLUDING INFORMATION ON
INVESTMENT POLICIES, RISKS AND FEES.
AS WITH ALL MUTUAL FUNDS, THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED
BY THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (SEC) OR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION NOR HAS THE SEC OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE
ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
<PAGE>
[LOGO]
CONTENTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVESTING IN PIPER GROWTH AND INCOME FUNDS 1
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GROWTH AND INCOME FUND 2 Investment objectives and
BALANCED FUND 4 policies, risk
considerations, portfolio
managers, shareholder
expenses and financial
highlights
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVESTMENT SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES 6 An overview of securities
RISK FACTORS 8 and investment techniques
that may be used by the
funds and their risks
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BUYING SHARES 10 Practical information to
Choosing a Share Class help you manage your
Calculating Your Purchase Price investment in Piper Funds
Reducing the Front-End Sales Charge
Investing Automatically
HOLDING SHARES 12
Receiving Dividends and Other Distributions
Taxing of Dividends and Other Distributions
Exchanging Shares
Making Transactions by Phone
Staying Informed
SELLING SHARES 13
Receiving the Proceeds
Paying the Contingent Deferred Sales Charge
Taking Systematic Withdrawals
Reinvesting After a Sale
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GENERAL INFORMATION 14
<PAGE>
INVESTING IN PIPER
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GROWTH AND INCOME FUNDS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PIPER GROWTH AND INCOME FUNDS ARE DESIGNED TO PROVIDE YOU WITH A COMBINATION OF
INCOME AND CAPITAL APPRECIATION. GROWTH AND INCOME FUND AND THE BALANCED FUND
ARE ADVISED BY PIPER CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INCORPORATED.
BEFORE YOU INVEST:
KNOW YOUR GOALS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
One or both of these funds may be appropriate for your investment portfolio if:
- - You want growth opportunities from a more conservative investment.
- - You are retired or nearing retirement and concerned about the effects of
inflation on your investments.
- - You are comfortable with volatility to your principal.
If you require absolute stability of your principal--or if you want maximum
growth from your investment--you should consider other investment vehicles.
Piper Growth and Income Funds were not designed to meet these goals.
UNDERSTAND THE RISKS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
While mutual funds are a convenient and potentially rewarding way to invest,
they do not always meet their objectives. Please remember: You could lose money
with these investments. Stability of income and safety of principal are not
guaranteed. The risks associated with these funds are outlined in the following
pages.
USE YOUR PROSPECTUS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Please read this prospectus carefully and keep it on file for future reference.
Additional information is available from your broker or by calling Piper Capital
at 1 800 866-7778.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 Prospectus - Growth and Income Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
GROWTH AND INCOME FUND
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GROWTH AND INCOME FUND SEEKS CURRENT INCOME AND LONG-TERM GROWTH OF CAPITAL AND
INCOME. TO PURSUE THIS OBJECTIVE, THE FUND INVESTS IN A BROADLY DIVERSIFIED
PORTFOLIO OF SECURITIES. IT EMPHASIZES SECURITIES OF LARGE, ESTABLISHED
COMPANIES THAT MAY BE UNDERVALUED AND THAT HAVE A HISTORY OF DIVIDEND PAYMENTS.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under normal market conditions, Growth and Income Fund will invest primarily in
common stocks and securities convertible into common stocks. However, the fund
may also invest in debt securities.
In selecting stocks for the portfolio, the adviser considers a company's
prospects for long-term growth of both dividends and earnings, its stability of
earnings, and the sensitivity of its industry to fluctuations in major economic
variables, such as interest rates and industrial production.
Investments in long-term debt securities, including debt securities convertible
into common stock, will be limited to:
- - U.S. government securities,
- - Securities rated at the time of purchase within the four highest investment
grades assigned by Moody's Investors Service or Standard & Poor's Ratings
Services, or
- - Unrated securities judged by the adviser to be of comparable quality.
The fund may engage in options and futures transactions, purchase or sell
securities on a when issued or forward commitment basis and enter into mortgage
dollar rolls. Under unusual circumstances, as a defensive measure, the fund may
retain cash or invest part or all of its assets in short-term money market
securities.
RISK CONSDERATIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Market Risk Stocks and bonds may decline in price over short or extended
periods of time. Price changes may affect the market as a whole, or they may
affect only a particular issuer, industry or sector of the market.
Interest Rate Risk The value of debt securities in the fund will fluctuate with
changing interest rates. If rates rise, prices likely will fall and vice versa.
Credit Risk To the extent the fund invests in debt securities, it will be
subject to credit risk, which is the possibility that the issuer of a security
will default. The fund may invest in securities rated as low as BBB by Standard
& Poor's or Baa by Moody's, or in comparable unrated securities.These securities
have speculative characteristics. See "Credit Risk" on page 8 for more
information.
OTHER RISKS The investment securities and techniques used by this fund present
other risks as well. See pages 6-9 for more information.
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PAUL DOW,CFA, chief investment officer and a senior vice president of Piper
Capital, has managed the fund since its inception in 1992. He joined the adviser
in 1989 and has 23 years of financial experience.
STEVE MARKUSEN, CFA, is director of the large-cap equity team and a senior vice
president of Piper Capital. He joined the adviser in 1993 and has managed the
fund since March 1997. From 1989 through 1993, he was an equity portfolio
manager with Investment Advisers, Inc. He has 13 years of financial experience.
BRENT MELLUM, CFA, a vice president of Piper Capital, began managing the fund in
March 1997. He joined the adviser in 1993 and has four years of financial
experience. Prior to that, he earned a BS in business administration and an MBA
in finance from the University of Texas.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHAREHOLDER EXPENSES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As a shareholder, you pay expenses both directly and indirectly. Figures below
show expenses for the past year.
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES CLASS A CLASS B
--------------------
Maximum front-end sales charge on purchases. . . . . . . . 4.00% none
AS A % OF OFFERING PRICE
Maximum deferred sales charge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . none(1) 4.00%
AS A % OF NET ASSET VALUE AT PURCHASE
OR REDEMPTION (WHICHEVER IS LESS)
FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (AS A % OF AVERAGE NET ASSETS)
Management fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.75% 0.75%
12b-1 fee (after class A share fee limitation)(2,3) . . . 0.34% 1.00%
Other expenses ( after expense reimbursements) . . . . . . ____% ____%
Total operating expenses
(after fee limitation and expense reimbursements)(3) . % %
(1) Except for investments of $500,000 or more. See "Selling Shares: Paying
the CDSC."
(2) Due to the 12b-1 fee, long-term shareholders may indirectly pay more than
the equivalent of the maximum permitted front-end sales charge.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPENSES ON A $1,000 INVESTMENT
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The example below shows the expenses you would pay on a $1,000 investment over
various time periods. It assumes you reinvested all distributions and received a
5% annual return. PLEASE NOTE: THIS IS ONLY AN EXAMPLE AND SHOULD NOT BE
CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF PAST OR FUTURE EXPENSES. ACTUAL EXPENSES COULD
VARY.
CLASS A CLASS B CLASS B
Assuming redemption Assuming
at end of period no redemption
------------------------------------------------
1 year. . . . . . . . $ $ $
3 years . . . . . . . $ $ $
5 years . . . . . . . $ $ $
10 years. . . . . . . $ $(4) $(4)
(3) If Piper Jaffray and Piper Capital had not voluntarily limited fees and
reimbursed expenses, the class A share 12b-1 fee would have been 0.50%,
other expenses would have been ___% for both classes of shares, and total
operating expenses would have been ___% for class A shares and ___% for
class B shares. Fee limitations and expense reimbursements reflected in the
table may be discontinued at any time after fiscal 1998 year end.
(4) Assumes class B shares are purchased on January 1 and convert to class A
shares at the beginning of the sixth full calendar year following the year
of purchase.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Prospectus - Growth and Income Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
GROWTH AND INCOME FUND (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS The following information has been audited by KPMG Peat
Marwick LLP, Independent auditors.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fiscal year ended September 30,
1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992(1)
-----------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE DATA
Net asset value, beginning of period. . . . . $ 12.93 10.27 10.30 10.01 10.00
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Operations:
Net investment income . . . . . . . . . . . 0.18 0.19 0.24 0.24 0.03
Net realized and unrealized
gains (losses) on investments . . . . . . 2.31 2.70 0.02 0.29 (0.02)
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Total from operations . . . . . . . . . . . 2.49 2.89 0.26 0.53 0.01
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Distributions:
From net investment income. . . . . . . . . (0.20) (0.19) (0.24) (0.24) --
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
From net realized gains . . . . . . . . . . (0.18) (0.04) (0.05) -- --
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Total distributions . . . . . . . . . . . . (0.38) (0.23) (0.29) (0.24) --
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Net asset value, end of period. . . . . . . . $ 15.04 12.93 10.27 10.30 10.01
TOTAL RETURN(2)[BAR GRAPH]. . . . . . . . . . 19.56% 28.81% 2.53% 5.41% 0.10%
SELECTED INFORMATION
Net assets, end of period (in millions) . . . $ 97 73 73 96 52
Ratio of expenses to average daily net assets % 1.32% 1.32% 1.29% 1.32% 1.28%(3)
Ratio of net investment income to average
daily net assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . % 1.26% 1.93% 2.26% 2.51% 3.00%(3)
Ratio of expenses to average daily net assets
before waivers(4). . . . . . . . . . . . . % 1.56% 1.60% 1.62% 1.58% 2.06%(3)
Ratio of net investment income to average
daily net assets before waivers(4) . . . . % 1.02% 1.65% 1.93% 2.25% 2.22%(3)
Portfolio turnover rate (excluding
short-term securities) . . . . . . . . . . % 22% 14% 20% 26% 1%
Average brokerage commission rate(5). . . . . $ 0.06 -- -- -- --
</TABLE>
(1) Period from 7/21/92 (commencement of operations) to 9/30/92.
(2) Total return is based on the change in net asset value, assumes
reinvestment of all distributions and does not reflect a sales charge.
(3) Annualized.
(4) During the periods shown, the adviser and distributor voluntarily waived
fees and expenses. Had the fund paid all expenses and had the maximum 12b-1
fee been in effect, the ratios of expenses and net investment income to
average daily net assets would have been as shown. Beginning in fiscal
1995, the expense ratio reflects the effect of gross expenses paid
indirectly by the fund. Prior period expense ratios have not been adjusted.
(5) Per portfolio share traded. Required beginning in 1996.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 Prospectus - Growth and Income Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
BALANCED FUND
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BALANCED FUND TARGETS BOTH CURRENT INCOME AND LONG-TERM CAPITAL APPRECIATION
CONSISTENT WITH CONSERVATION OF PRINCIPAL. TO PURSUE THIS OBJECTIVE, THE FUND'S
ADVISER INVESTS IN COMMON STOCKS AND FIXED INCOME SECURITIES.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balanced Fund may invest in any type or class of securities, including common
stocks, fixed income securities, and money market instruments. It may also
invest up to 25% of total assets in foreign securities. The mix of securities
will change over time, based on existing and anticipated market conditions.
Investment results will be affected by the adviser's ability to manage the asset
mix effectively.
At least 35% of the fund's total assets must be invested in fixed income
securities. Investments in long-term debt securities will be limited to U.S.
government securities, securities rated at the time of purchase within the four
highest investment grades assigned by Moody's or Standard & Poor's, or unrated
securities judged by the adviser to be of comparable quality. No more than 20%
of the long-term debt securities held by the fund will be unrated.
The fund may invest in mortgage-related securities, including collateralized
mortgage obligations. However, it will not invest more than 5% of net assets, in
the aggregate, in inverse floating rate, interest-only, principal-only, inverse
interest-only and Z tranches of collateralized mortgage obligations, and
stripped mortgage-backed securities.
The fund also may engage in options and futures transactions, purchase or sell
securities on a when issued or forward commitment basis and enter into mortgage
dollar rolls.
RISK CONSIDERATIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MARKET RISK Stocks and bonds may decline in price over short or extended
periods of time. Price changes may affect the market as a whole, or they may
affect only a particular issuer, industry or sector of the market.
INTEREST RATE RISK The value of debt securities in the fund will fluctuate
with changing interest rates. If rates rise, prices likely will fall and vice
versa. One measure of interest rate risk is effective duration, explained on
page 8 under "Interest Rate Risk." This fund generally maintains an average
effective duration of 3 to 6-1/2 years for the fixed income portion of its
portfolio.
CREDIT RISK The fund is subject to credit risk, which is the possibility that
the issuer of a security will default. The fund may invest in securities rated
as low as BBB by Standard & Poor's or Baa by Moody's, or in comparable unrated
securities. These securities have speculative characteristics. See "Credit Risk"
on page 8 for more information.
OTHER RISKS To the extent the fund invests in mortgage-related securities, it
will be subject to both prepayment and extension risk. The investment securities
and techniques used by this fund present other risks as well. See pages 6-8 for
more information.
P0RTFOLIO MANAGERS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PAUL DOW,CFA, chief investment officer and a senior vice president of Piper
Capital, has managed the equity portion of the fund since joining the adviser in
1989. He has 23 years of financial experience.
STEVE MARKUSEN, CFA, a senior vice president of Piper Capital, has managed the
equity portion since March 1997. For four years prior to joining the adviser in
1993, he was an equity portfolio manager with Investment Advisers, Inc. He has
13 years of financial experience.
BRUCE SALVOG AND DAVID STEELE have shared responsibility for the fixed income
portion of the fund since 1992. Both are senior vice presidents of Piper
Capital. They have 27 and 18 years of financial experience, respectively.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHAREHOLDER EXPENSES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As a shareholder, you pay expenses both directly and indirectly. Figures below
show expenses for the past year.
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES CLASS A CLASS B
------------------
Maximum front-end sales charge on purchases . . . . . . . . 4.00% none
AS A % OF OFFERING PRICE
Maximum deferred sales charge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . none(1) 4.00%
AS A % OF NET ASSET VALUE AT PURCHASE
OR REDEMPTION (WHICHEVER IS LESS)
FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (AS A % OF AVERAGE NET ASSETS)
Management fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.75% 0.75%
12b-1 fee (after class A share fee limitation)(2,3). . . . 0.34% 1.00%
Other expenses ( after expense reimbursements). . . . . . . ____% ____%
Total operating expenses
(after fee limitation and expense reimbursements)(3) . % %
(1) Except for investments of $500,000 or more. See "Selling Shares: Paying
the CDSC."
(2) Due to the 12b-1 fee, long-term shareholders may indirectly pay more than
the equivalent of the maximum permitted front-end sales charge.
EXPENSES ON A $1,000 INVESTMENT
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The example below shows the expenses you would pay on a $1,000 investment over
various time periods. It assumes you reinvested all distributions and received a
5% annual return. PLEASE NOTE: THIS IS ONLY AN EXAMPLE AND SHOULD NOT BE
CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF PAST OR FUTURE EXPENSES. ACTUAL EXPENSES COULD
VARY.
CLASS A CLASS B CLASS B
Assuming redemption Assuming
at end of period no redemption
------------------------------------------------
1 year. . . . . . . . . $ $ $
3 years . . . . . . . . $ $ $
5 years . . . . . . . . $ $ $
10 years. . . . . . . . $ $(4) $(4)
(3) If Piper Jaffray and Piper Capital had not voluntarily limited fees and
reimbursed expenses, the class A share 12b-1 fee would have been 0.50%,
other expenses would have been ___% for both classes of shares, and total
operating expenses would have been ___% for class A shares and ___% for
class B shares. Fee limitations and expense reimbursements reflected in the
table may be discontinued at any time after fiscal 1998 year end.
(4) Assumes class B shares are purchased on January 1 and convert to class A
shares at the beginning of the sixth full calendar year following the year
of purchase.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4 Prospectus - Growth and Income Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
BALANCED FUND (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS The following information has been audited by KPMG Peat
Marwick LLP, independent auditors.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fiscal year ended September 30,
1997 1996(2) 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990
------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE DATA
Net asset value, beginning of period . . . . $ 13.74 11.81 12.23 11.88 10.77 8.87 10.00
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- -----
Operations:
Net investment income . . . . . . . . . . . 0.44 0.47 0.38 0.34 0.38 0.43 0.42
Net realized and unrealized
gains (losses) on investments. . . . . . . 0.89 1.93 (0.26) 0.65 1.17 1.89 (1.14)
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- -----
Total from operations . . . . . . . . . . . 1.33 2.40 0.12 0.99 1.55 2.32 (0.72)
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- -----
Distributions:
From net investment income. . . . . . . . . (0.44) (0.35) (0.37) (0.34) (0.39) (0.42) (0.41)
From net realized gains . . . . . . . . . . (0.55) (0.12) (0.17) (0.30) (0.05) -- --
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- -----
Total distributions . . . . . . . . . . . . (0.99) (0.47) (0.54) (0.64) (0.44) (0.42) (0.41)
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- -----
Net asset value, end of period. . . . . . . . $ 14.08 13.74 11.81 12.23 11.88 10.77 8.87
TOTAL RETURN(2) [BAR GRAPH] . . . . . . . . . $ 10.16% 21.78% 1.00% 8.51% 14.75% 26.61% (7.42%)
<CAPTION>
Period from Year Period from
11/1/88 to Ended 3/16/87(1) to
9/30/89 10/31/88 10/31/87
---------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE DATA
Net asset value, beginning of period. . . . . 9.19 8.97 10.00
---- ---- -----
Operations:
Net investment income. . . . . . . . . . . 0.44 0.51 0.28
Net realized and unrealized
gains (losses) on investments. . . . . . . 0.83 0.22 (1.09)
----
Total from operations . . . . . . . . . . . 1.27 0.73 (0.81)
---- ---- -----
Distributions:
From net investment income. . . . . . . . . (0.46) (0.51) (0.22)
From net realized gains . . . . . . . . . . -- -- --
----- ----- -----
Total distributions . . . . . . . . . . . . (0.46) (0.51) (0.22)
----- ----- -----
Net asset value, end of period. . . . . . . . 10.00 9.19 8.97
TOTAL RETURN(5) [BAR GRAPH] . . . . . . . . . 14.20% 8.53% (8.24%)
<CAPTION>
Fiscal year ended September 30,
1997 1996(2) 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990
------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
SELECTED INFORMATION
Net assets, end of period (in millions) . . . $ 45 44 46 57 28 15 14
Ratio of expenses to average daily net assets % 1.32% 1.32% 1.32% 1.32% 1.32% 1.32% 1.31%
Ratio of net investment income to average
daily net assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . % 3.16% 3.54% 3.03% 3.13% 3.57% 4.15% 4.32%
Ratio of expenses to average daily net assets
before waivers(4). . . . . . . . . . . . . % 1.69% 1.65% 1.60% 1.62% 1.77% 1.98% 1.96%
Ratio of net investment income to average
daily net assets before waivers(4) . . . . % 2.79% 3.21% 2.75% 2.83% 3.12% 3.49% 3.67%
Portfolio turnover rate (excluding
short-term securities) . . . . . . . . . . % 27% 39% 62% 41% 58% 44% 105%
Average brokerage commission rate(5). . . . . $ 0.06 -- -- -- -- -- --
<CAPTION>
Period from Year Period from
11/1/88 to Ended 3/16/87(1) to
9/30/89 10/31/88 10/31/87
---------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
SELECTED INFORMATION
Net assets, end of period (in millions) . . . 16 13 13
Ratio of expenses to average daily net assets 1.30%(3) 1.30% 0.99%(3)
Ratio of net investment income to average
daily net assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.15%(3) 5.58% 5.46%(3)
Ratio of expenses to average daily net assets
before waivers(4). . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.29%(3) 2.09% 1.96%(3)
Ratio of net investment income to average
daily net assets before waivers(4) . . . . 4.16%(3) 4.79% 4.49%(3)
Portfolio turnover rate (excluding
short-term securities) . . . . . . . . . . 95% 73% 95%
Average brokerage commission rate(5). . . . . -- -- --
</TABLE>
(1) Commencement of operations.
(2) Total return is based on the change in net asset value, assumes
reinvestment of all distributions and does not reflect a sales charge.
(3) Annualized.
(4) During the periods shown, the adviser and distributor voluntarily waived
fees and expenses. Had the fund paid all expenses and had the maximum 12b-1
fee been in effect, the ratios of expenses and net investment income to
average daily net assets would have been as shown. Beginning in fiscal
1995, the expense ratio reflects the effect of gross expenses paid
indirectly by the fund. Prior period expense ratios have not been adjusted.
(5) Per portfolio share traded. Required beginning in 1996.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 Prospectus - Growth and Income Funds
<PAGE>
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
INVESTMENT SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This table lists investment securities and techniques used by the funds and
notes any investment limitations as a percentage of portfolio assets. It also
lists the principal risk factors, which are explained in greater detail on the
following pages.
10 Percent of total assets
/10/ Percent of net assets
y Permitted without limitation
/y/ Permitted, but not typically used
n Not permitted
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
GROWTH AND BALANCED
INCOME FUND FUND
INVESTMENT SECURITIES
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
FOREIGN SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 25
are securities issued by foreign companies, as well as American or European Depository
Receipts. The latter are dollar-denominated securities designed for use in the U.S.
and European securities markets, respectively, which represent underlying securities
issued by foreign companies. Market, Currency, Foreign Issuer
FUTURES CONTRACTS(D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
require the holder to buy or sell securities at a specified price on a specified date.
Some are contracts to make a cash settlement on a future date in an amount determined
by the value of a financial index (such as the S&P 500 Index) on the last day of the
contract. A fund generally buys or sells futures as protection against fluctuations in
the value of its portfolio without actually buying or selling securities. Interest Rate,
Leverage, Liquidity, Market, Correlation, Opportunity
OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS(D). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
give the holder the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in
a futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time prior to the expiration
date of the option. Interest Rate, Leverage, Liquidity, Market, Correlation,
Opportunity
ILLIQUID SECURITIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 /15/
cannot be sold in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the
price at which they are valued. This includes Rule 144A securities unless they are
determined to be liquid under procedures adopted by the board of directors. Liquidity,
Market
MORTGAGE-RELATED SECURITIES(D) represent participations in, or are secured by, pools
of mortgages. They are issued by U.S. government agencies and private entities and
include the following:
ADJUSTABLE RATE MORTGAGE SECURITIES(D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
pay interest rates which change periodically based on changes in an underlying
interest rate index. Interest Rate, Credit, Market, Extension, Prepayment
COLLATERALIZED MORTGAGE OBLIGATIONS (CMOs)(D). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
are mortgage-related securities in which the cash flows are allocated to different
tranches or classes, rather than being passed through directly to investors.
Different tranches have different risk/return characteristics. Tranches with more
predictable cash flows generally have lower yields. Interest Rate, Credit, Market,
Extension, Prepayment, Liquidity, Leverage
INVERSE FLOATING RATE, INVERSE INTEREST ONLY, INTEREST ONLY, AND PRINCIPAL ONLY
SECURITIES(D). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n /5/
are CMO tranches or multiclass mortgage securities with less predictable cash flows.
These securities are extremely sensitive to interest rate changes and are therefore
more volatile than conventional debt securities. Some of these securities may decline
in value at times when other debt securities are increasing. Conversely, some may
increase at times when conventional debt securities are decreasing. Interest Rate,
Credit, Market, Extension, Prepayment, Liquidity, Leverage
PASS-THROUGHS(D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
pass principal and interest payments through to investors, net of fees. Interest Rate,
Credit, Market, Extension, Prepayment
Z BONDS(D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n y
are CMO tranches which defer interest and principal payments until other tranches have
been paid. Prices fluctuate more widely with changes in interest rates than prices of
securities with similar maturities that pay interest currently. Interest Rate, Credit,
Market, Extension, Prepayment, Liquidity, Leverage
</TABLE>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6 Prospectus - Growth and Income Funds
<PAGE>
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
INVESTMENT SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C>
OPTIONS ON SECURITIES(D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
are contracts which give the holder the right, in return for the premium paid, to buy or
sell securities prior to the expiration date of the option, upon payment of the option
exercise price. The writer of the option is then obligated to either deliver or purchase
the securities. Interest Rate, Market, Leverage, Correlation, Liquidity, Credit, Opportunity
OPTIONS ON STOCK INDEXES(D). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
are contracts which give the holder the right, in return for the premium paid, to receive
a cash settlement, if, prior to the expiration of the option, the closing level of the
index is greater than, in the case of a call, or less than, in the case of a put, the
exercise price of the option. The writer of the option is obligated, in return for the
premium received, to make the cash payment upon exercise of the option. Market, Leverage,
Correlation, Liquidity, Credit, Opportunity
SHORT-TERM MONEY MARKET SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
include short-term U.S. government securities, time deposits, bank certificates of
deposit, bankers' acceptances, high-grade commercial paper and other money market
instruments. Interest Rate, Credit, Market
U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
are issued - or guaranteed as to payment of principal and interest - by the U.S.
government or its agencies or instrumentalities. They include U.S. Treasury bills,
notes and bonds, as well as agency-issued securities, such as Fannie Maes (issued by the
Federal National Mortgage Association), Ginnie Maes (issued by the Government National
Mortgage Association) and Freddie Macs (issued by the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation).
Interest Rate, Credit, Market
INVESTMENT TECHNIQUES
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BORROWING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 10
is permitted for temporary or emergency purposes only. Interest payments on borrowed funds
reduce earnings. Each fund's policy on borrowing cannot be changed without shareholder
approval. Leverage
HOLDING OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
In anticipation of favorable movements in the applicable exchange rates, the funds may
hold, for an indefinite period of time, foreign currencies received as a result of
investing in foreign securities. Currency
MORTGAGE DOLLAR ROLLS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y(1) y(1)
The fund sells mortgage-related securities for delivery in the current month while
contracting with the same party to repurchase similar securities at a future date. Market,
Opportunity, Leverage
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
The fund purchases securities on the condition that the seller will buy them back at a
set time and price, plus interest. Credit
WHEN-ISSUED AND FORWARD COMMITMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y(1) y(1)
The purchase or sale of a security at a future date for a predetermined price. Securities
may decrease in value prior to their delivery. Market, Opportunity, Leverage
</TABLE>
(D) These securities are considered derivative securities. A derivative is a
financial instrument whose value is based on another security, index,
reference rate (for example interest or currency exchange rate) or other
asset.
(1) No more than one-third of a fund's total assets may be committed to the
purchase of securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis,
including mortgage dollar roll purchases.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7 Prospectus - Growth and Income Funds
<PAGE>
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
RISK FACTORS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A summary of the principal risks which apply to each fund is provided in "Fund
Descriptions." More detail regarding these and other risks associated with
investment securities and techniques used by Piper Growth and Income Funds is
provided below.
CORRELATION RISK
Sometimes, changes in the price of a hedging instrument do not correlate
perfectly with changes in the market value of the securities subject to that
hedge. As a result, even a correct market forecast could result in an
unsuccessful hedging transaction.
CREDIT RISK
The issuer of a security, or the other party to a contract, such as a repurchase
agreement, could default on its financial obligation, causing a loss in a fund's
portfolio. In addition, changes in a security's credit rating or changes in the
perception of an issuer's ability to pay principal and interest could affect the
value of a security and cause a decline in the value of the fund's portfolio.
The funds may invest in securities rated as low as BBB by Standard & Poor's or
Baa by Moody's, or in unrated securities of comparable quality. Although these
securities are investment grade, they are viewed as having speculative
characteristics and carry a somewhat greater risk of default than government
securities or other, more highly rated securities. When a fund purchases unrated
securities, it will depend on the adviser's investment analysis more heavily
than usual.
CURRENCY RISK
The value of a fund's foreign securities in U.S. dollars will vary with
increases and decreases in the exchange rate. A decline in the value of any
particular currency against the U.S. dollar will cause a decline in the U.S.
dollar value of securities denominated in that currency. That will, in turn,
cause a decline in the fund's net asset value, net investment income, and
capital gains, if any. The exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and other
currencies is determined by many factors, including the supply and demand for
particular currencies, central bank efforts to support currencies, the movement
of interest rates, the price of oil, the pace of activity in industrial
countries, and other economic and financial conditions affecting the world
economy.
EXTENSION RISK
Rising interest rates could cause homeowners to prepay their mortgages more
slowly than expected, resulting in slower prepayments of mortgage-related
securities. This would, in effect, convert a short- or medium-duration
mortgage-related security into a longer-duration security, increasing its
sensitivity to interest rate changes and causing its price to decline.
FOREIGN ISSUER RISK
Securities of foreign issuers, even when dollar-denominated and publicly traded
in the United States, may involve risks not associated with the securities of
domestic issuers. For certain foreign countries, political or social instability
or diplomatic developments could adversely affect the securities. There is also
the risk of loss due to governmental actions such as a change in tax statutes or
the modification of individual property rights. In addition, individual foreign
economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy.
INTEREST RATE RISK
Generally, rising interest rates cause a decline in market prices of existing
debt securities, because investors may purchase new debt securities at a higher
rate of interest. Falling interest rates generally cause market prices of
existing debt securities to rise.
Effective duration, one measure of interest rate risk, measures how much the
value of a security is expected to change with a given change in interest rates.
The longer a security's effective duration, the more sensitive its price to
changes in interest rates. For example, if interest rates were to increase by
one percentage point, the market value of a bond with an effective duration of
five years would decrease by 5%, with all other factors being constant. However,
all other factors are rarely constant. Effective duration is based on
assumptions and subject to a number of limitations. It is most useful when
interest rate changes are small, rapid and occur equally in short-term and
long-term securities. In addition, it is difficult to calculate precisely for
bonds with prepayment options, such as mortgage-related securities, because the
calculation requires assumptions about prepayment rates. For these reasons, the
effective durations of funds which invest a significant portion of their assets
in mortgage-backed securities can be greatly affected by changes in interest
rates.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8 Prospectus - Growth and Income Funds
<PAGE>
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
RISK FACTORS (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LEVERAGE RISK
Leverage magnifies exposure to the potential risks and rewards of a particular
investment. If a security or investment practice involves leverage, small market
movements can result in large changes in market value.
LIQUIDITY RISK
A fund may not be able to sell a security at the desired time and price. It may
have to accept a lower price or sell other securities instead at a time when the
sale of those securities might not be advantageous. The sale of illiquid
securities often requires more time and results in higher selling expenses than
the sale of liquid securities. Investing in Rule 144A securities could have the
effect of increasing the level of fund illiquidity to the extent that qualified
institutional buyers become, for a time, uninterested in purchasing these
securities.
MARKET RISK
All stocks and bonds may decline in price over short or extended periods
of time. Price changes may affect the market as a whole, or they may
affect only a particular issuer, industry or sector of the market.
OPPORTUNITY RISK
The risk of having to forego an investment opportunity because assets are tied
up in a less beneficial investment.
PREPAYMENT RISK
Falling interest rates could cause prepayments of mortgage-related securities to
occur more quickly than expected. This occurs because, as interest rates fall,
more homeowners refinance the mortgages underlying these securities. The fund
must reinvest the prepayments at a time when interest rates on new mortgage
investments are falling, reducing its income. In addition, when interest rates
fall, prices on mortgage-related securities may not rise as much as for
comparable Treasury securities because investors may anticipate an increase in
mortgage prepayments.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9 Prospectus - Growth and Income Funds
<PAGE>
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
BUYING SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may become a shareholder in Piper Funds with an initial investment of $250
or more. Add to your existing investment with any amount, at any time. Simply
call your Piper Jaffray Investment Executive or another authorized brokerage
firm.
CHOOSING A SHARE CLASS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may purchase class A shares or class B shares of Piper Growth and Income
Funds. Each class has its own cost structure, allowing you to choose the one
that best meets your requirements. The amount of your purchase and the length of
time you expect to hold your shares will be factors in determining which class
of shares is best for you.
CLASS A SHARES
If you are making an investment that qualifies for a reduced sales charge, class
A shares may be best for you. Class A shares feature:
- - A front-end sales charge, as described below.
- - Lower annual expenses than class B shares.
(See "Fund Descriptions.")
CLASS B SHARES
If you want to avoid a front-end sales charge because you want all your money to
go to work for you immediately, you may prefer class B shares. Class B shares
feature:
- - No front-end sales charge.
- - Higher annual expenses than class A shares.
- - A contingent deferred sales charge if you redeem your shares within five
years after the calendar year of purchase.
- - Automatic conversion to class A shares at the beginning of the sixth year
following the calendar year of purchase, thereby reducing future annual
expenses.
CLASS Y (INSTITUTIONAL) SHARES
Through a separate prospectus, Growth and Income Fund also offers class Y shares
to investors making an initial investment of $1 million or more. Class Y shares
feature:
- - No sales charges.
- - Lower annual expenses than class A or B.
For more information, call your broker or Mutual Fund Services at 1 800
866-7778.
NOTE:
If your investment qualifies for a reduced sales charge as described below,
class A shares will normally be the better choice. For that reason:
- - Orders for class B shares for $250,000 or more will be treated as orders
for class A shares.
- - Orders for class B shares by an investor eligible to purchase class A
shares without a front-end sales charge will be treated as orders for class
A shares.
- - For Growth and Income Fund, orders for either class A or class B shares for
$1 million or more will be treated as orders for class Y shares.
CALCULATING YOUR PURCHASE PRICE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Your purchase price will be based on the next net asset value of your shares
calculated after your broker receives your purchase order. The net asset value
of each share is equal to the market value of the fund's investments and other
assets, less any liabilities, divided by the number of fund shares.
CLASS A SHARES
Your purchase price is typically the net asset value of your shares, plus a
front-end sales charge. Sales charges vary depending on the amount of your
purchase.
As a % of As a % of
Purchase amount purchase price net asset value
Up to $100,000. . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.00%. . . . . . . . . . 4.17%
$100,000-249,999. . . . . . . . . . . . 3.25%. . . . . . . . . . 3.36%
$250,000-499,999. . . . . . . . . . . . 2.50%. . . . . . . . . . 2.56%
$500,000 and more . . . . . . . . . . . None*. . . . . . . . . . None*
* A contingent deferred sales charge will be assessed if you redeem within 24
months. See "Selling Shares," page 14.
CLASS B SHARES
Class B shares are sold at net asset value with no initial sales charge.
However, if you redeem your shares during the calendar year in which they are
purchased, or in any of the next five calendar years, you will pay a contingent
deferred sales charge. See "Selling Shares," page 13.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 Prospectus - Growth and Income Funds
<PAGE>
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
BUYING SHARES (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
REDUCING THE FRONT-END SALES CHARGE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may reduce, or even eliminate, the front-end sales charge on class A shares
through the following purchase plans. For details, please consult your broker or
the Statement of Additional Information.
ACCUMULATION PRIVILEGE
Prior purchases of class A shares of any Piper fund (except a money market fund)
will be factored into your sales charge calculation. For example, let's say
you're making a $10,000 investment. If the current value or the original cost of
all other Piper fund class A shares that you hold is $90,000 or greater, your
current sales charge is reduced.
COMBINED PURCHASE PLAN
You may combine your purchase of class A shares with purchases from another
account, such as your spouse's or child's account or your IRA. Qualified groups
which invest as a unit may also combine purchases of class A shares to reduce
sales charges.
LETTER OF INTENT
If you plan to invest $100,000 or more over a 13-month period in class A shares
of any Piper fund, you may reduce your sales charge by signing a non-binding
letter of intent. (If you do not fulfill the letter of intent, you must pay the
applicable sales charge.)
SPECIAL PURCHASE PLANS
Class A shares may be purchased without a sales charge by:
- - Investors in 401(k) or other qualified plans which offer Piper Funds.
- - Investors purchasing shares through Piper Jaffray's Advantage program or
other qualified wrap fee accounts.
- - Investors using the proceeds from the sale of any mutual fund not in the
Piper Funds family, excluding money market funds. (This privilege is
available for 30 days after the sale.)
- - Piper Capital clients purchasing shares for their advisory accounts.
- - Employees, directors, or retirees of Piper Jaffray Companies or any of its
subsidiaries, as well as certain relatives of these persons. Trust,
pension, profit-sharing or other benefit plans for these individuals also
may qualify.
- - Employees of brokerage firms which have sales agreements with Piper
Jaffray, their spouses and minor children.
- - Trust companies or bank trust departments investing for discretionary
accounts.
- - Piper Jaffray Companies and its subsidiaries.
INVESTING AUTOMATICALLY
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AUTOMATIC MONTHLY INVESTMENT PROGRAMS
To purchase class A or class B shares as part of a savings discipline, you may
automatically transfer $100 or more each month to any Piper fund from your bank,
savings and loan or other financial institution. Or transfer $25 or more per
month from any of the Piper money market funds.
CROSS-REINVESTMENT OF DISTRIBUTIONS
To help you diversify your portfolio, you may automatically invest your income
and capital gain distributions in the same class of shares of another Piper fund
(other than our money market funds) at net asset value, provided you hold a
minimum balance in that fund.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11 Prospectus - Growth and Income Funds
<PAGE>
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
HOLDING SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RECEIVING DIVIDENDS AND OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dividends from a fund's net investment income, if any, will be paid quarterly.
Any capital gains are distributed at least once each year.
On the ex-dividend date for a distribution, a fund's share price is reduced by
the amount of the distribution. If you buy shares just before the ex-dividend
date, in effect, you "buy the dividend." You will pay the full price for the
shares and then receive a portion of that price back as a taxable distribution.
Dividend and capital gain distributions will be reinvested in additional shares
of the fund, invested in shares of a different Piper fund, or distributed in
cash. Any reinvestments must be in the same class of shares. Please tell your
broker which distribution method you prefer.
CLASS B SHAREHOLDERS GENERALLY WILL RECEIVE LOWER PER SHARE DIVIDENDS THAN
CLASS A SHAREHOLDERS BECAUSE OF THE HIGHER EXPENSES APPLICABLE TO CLASS B
SHARES.
TAXING OF DIVIDENDS AND OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Each fund has qualified, and intends to continue qualifying, for taxation as a
regulated investment company. As long as a fund continues to qualify, it will
not be subject to federal income tax to the extent its income is distributed to
shareholders.
Dividends and distributions you receive from a fund are generally taxable
whether you reinvest them or take them in cash. Distributions of long-term
capital gains are taxable as long-term gains, regardless of how long you have
held your shares (except that, under recent amendments to the tax code, the
funds may be required to designate certain capital gain dividends that you must
treat as mid-term capital gains if you are an individual shareholder). Dividends
from a fund's net investment income and short-term capital gain distributions
are taxable as ordinary income.
If you sell or exchange your fund shares, it will be a taxable event for you and
may result in a capital gain or loss. Under recent amendments to the tax code,
the gain or loss will be considered long-term for individuals who have held
their shares for more than 18 months and mid-term for individuals who have held
their shares more than one year but not more than 18 months. A gain or loss on
shares held for one year or less is considered short-term and is taxed at the
same rates as ordinary income.
EXCHANGING SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If your investment goals or your financial needs change, you may move your
shares from one Piper fund to another, if the shares of that fund are legally
available in your state. There is no fee to exchange shares.
You may exchange your class A shares only for class A shares and your class B
shares only for class B shares. However, please note that not all Piper funds
offer class B shares.
Exchanges are generally made based on the net asset value per share of each fund
at the time of the exchange. However, if your new fund has a higher sales charge
- - for example if you move from an income fund to a growth and income fund - you
must pay the difference.
You may also move your class A growth and income fund assets into a Piper money
market fund. If you later exchange those money market shares for Piper Funds
class A shares, that exchange will be treated as an exchange from the class A
shares of the growth and income fund for purposes of determining your sales
charge. Class B shares may be exchanged for class B shares of Piper Money Market
Fund. However, please note that class B Money Market Fund shares have higher
expenses than are typical for money market funds.
Before exchanging into any fund, be sure to read its prospectus carefully.
MAKING TRANSACTIONS BY PHONE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may buy or sell shares over the phone by calling your broker. If you hold
your shares with IFTC or with a brokerage firm other than Piper Jaffray, you may
also buy or sell shares by calling IFTC at 1 800 874-6205, provided you have
authorized telephone privileges in your Account Application and Services form.
For your protection, IFTC will attempt to verify your identity by asking for
your account number, social security number or other form of personal
identification. If reasonable care is taken to identify you as the caller,
neither IFTC nor the funds will be liable for losses to your account resulting
from an unauthorized telephone transaction. Payments which result from telephone
transactions will be made only to the address of record or the bank account
designated on your Account Application and Services form.
STAYING INFORMED
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Piper Capital offers a variety of resources to help keep you informed. If you
would like more information, please contact your broker or call Mutual Fund
Services at 1 800 866-7778. As a shareholder, you automatically receive the
following:
Shareholder Reports
Shareholder reports are mailed twice a year, in November and May. They include
financial statements and performance information on the funds, a message from
your portfolio manager, and, on an annual basis, the auditor's report.
To reduce shareholder costs and help eliminate duplication, only one report is
sent to each address which lists one or more shareholders with the same last
name. If you would like additional reports mailed to your address, please
contact Mutual Fund Services.
Statements and Confirmations
Statements are mailed monthly (quarterly if your account has no activity).
Confirms are mailed following each purchase or sale of fund shares.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12 Prospectus - Growth and Income Funds
<PAGE>
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
SELLING SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may sell any or all of your shares at any time for their net asset value
(less any applicable contingent deferred sales charges). Simply call your
broker. Your request will be executed at the next net asset value calculated
after your request is received by your broker.
RECEIVING THE PROCEEDS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you are a Piper Jaffray client with a signed Piper Automated Transfer (PAT)
agreement, proceeds from a sale of shares usually will be transferred to your
account the next day. Otherwise, proceeds will be sent to you or your broker,
generally within three business days. If you sell shares that were recently
purchased by check, payment may be delayed until the check has cleared (normally
up to 15 days from the purchase date).
If you work with a broker from a firm other than Piper Jaffray, you also may
sell your shares by submitting a written request to the funds' transfer agent,
IFTC. Call IFTC at 1 800 874-6205 for instructions.
Remember to keep at least $200 in your account. If your account falls below $200
due to a sale of shares or an exchange request, your account may be liquidated
following 30 days written notice.
PAYING THE CONTINGENT DEFERRED SALES CHARGE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Class A Shares
If you invest $500,000 or more in class A shares and, as a result, pay no
front-end sales charge, you may incur a contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC)
if you sell your shares within 24 months. The CDSC is equal to 1% of the net
asset value of the shares at the time of purchase or at the time of sale,
whichever is less. This charge does not apply to shares you acquired by
reinvesting your dividend or capital gain distributions.
To lower your cost, class A shares that are not subject to a CDSC will be sold
first. Other shares will then be sold in an order that minimizes your CDSC.
Letter of Intent
If you sell your class A shares within 24 months of fulfilling a letter of
intent, you will be charged a CDSC.
Exchanges
No CDSC is charged if you exchange class A shares that were originally purchased
without a sales charge, unless you sell your new class A shares within 24 months
of your original purchase.
Class B Shares
If you sell your class B shares during the calendar year in which they were
purchased or in any of the following five calendar years, you will pay a CDSC
based on the net asset value of your shares at the time of purchase or at the
time of sale, whichever is less. The charge does not apply to shares you
acquired by reinvesting your dividend or capital gain distributions.
If sold during this period the CDSC would be
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Calendar year of purchase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4%
First calendar year after purchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4%
Second calendar year after purchase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3%
Third calendar year after purchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2%
Fourth calendar year after purchase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2%
Fifth calendar year after purchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1%
Your CDSC is based on the calendar years in which you purchase and redeem
shares, rather than on the number of years you have held shares. For example: If
you buy shares on December 31, 1997, and redeem them on January 1, 1999, you
will pay a 3% CDSC, even though you have held the shares for just over one year.
Conversion Feature
Your class B shares will automatically convert to class A shares on January 1 of
the sixth calendar year following the year in which you purchased your shares.
The conversion will be based on the net asset values of the two classes.
Whenever any of your class B shares convert to class A shares, a proportionate
number of class B shares purchased by reinvested distributions will also
convert.
CDSC Waivers
For class A shares, if you purchased your shares through a Special Purchase
Plan, the CDSC will be waived.
For both class A and class B shares,the CDSC will be waived:
- - Due to death or disability of the shareholder.
- - To allow a lump-sum distribution from a qualified employee benefit plan.
- - To allow systematic withdrawals from a qualified employee benefit plan, if
you are at least 59-1/2 years old.
- - To allow for a tax-free return of an excess contribution to your IRA.
- - If your account balance falls below $200 and your account is liquidated.
TAKING SYSTEMATIC WITHDRAWALS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If your account has a value of $5,000 or more, you can make automatic
withdrawals from your account. You may withdraw $100 or more monthly, quarterly,
or semiannually by authorizing the sale of the appropriate number of shares on
a periodic basis. To set up systematic withdrawals, contact your broker.
You should not make systematic withdrawals if you plan to continue investing in
the fund, due to sales charges and tax liabilities.
REINVESTING AFTER A SALE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you sell class A shares, you may reinvest in class A shares of that fund or
another Piper fund within 30 days without a sales charge. If you sell class B
shares, or other shares subject to a CDSC, that charge will be credited to your
account and the reinvested shares will continue to be subject to the CDSC.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13 Prospectus - Growth and Income Funds
<PAGE>
GENERAL INFORMATION
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HOW THE FUNDS ARE ORGANIZED
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Growth and Income Fund and Balanced Fund are diversified series of Piper Funds
Inc., an open-end investment company.
Voting Rights
Although the funds are not required by law to hold annual meetings, they may
hold shareholder meetings from time to time on important matters. In addition,
shareholders have the right to call a meeting under certain circumstances. When
your fund holds a meeting, you will receive a proxy statement requesting your
vote. You have one vote for each share you own.
Rights of Different Classes
The different classes of shares of a fund have the same rights and are identical
in all respects except that:
- - Expenses related to the distribution of each class of shares are borne
solely by that class.
- - To the extent they can reasonably be identified as relating to a particular
class of shares, transfer agent fees will be allocated to that class.
- - Each class has exclusive voting rights with respect to approval of any
12b-1 distribution plan related to that class. However, as long as class B
shares convert into class A shares, class B shareholders will have the
right to vote on any distribution fees imposed on class A shares.
- - Only class B shares carry a conversion feature.
- - Each class has different exchange privileges.
Fund Objectives
Each fund's investment objective is fundamental and may be changed only with
shareholder approval.
HOW THE FUNDS ARE MANAGED
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The funds are governed by a board of directors, which is responsible for
protecting the interests of shareholders. Directors meet periodically throughout
the year to oversee the funds' activities, review their performance and review
the actions of the funds' adviser. Although the board may include individuals
who are affiliated with the adviser, the majority of board members must be
independent. The board has retained the companies listed below to manage the
funds' operations.
Investment Adviser
Piper Capital Management Incorporated
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
As investment adviser, Piper Capital manages the funds' business and investment
activities, subject to the authority of the board of directors. Each fund pays
Piper Capital a monthly management fee for providing investment advisory
services. See "Shareholder Expenses" in the "Fund Descriptions" section of this
prospectus for more information.
Piper Capital also is investment adviser to the other Piper Funds, to a number
of closed-end investment companies and to various institutions, corporations and
individuals. Piper Capital has approximately $9 billion under management and is
a wholly owned subsidiary of Piper Jaffray Companies Inc., a full-service
investment company.
Distributor
Piper Jaffray Inc.
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
Piper Jaffray is the principal distributor of the funds' shares. Other
brokerage firms that have a sales agreement with Piper Jaffray may also sell
fund shares. Piper Jaffray is a wholly owned subsidiary of Piper Jaffray
Companies and an affiliate of Piper Capital.
Custodian and Record Keeping Agent
Investors Fiduciary Trust Company (IFTC)
127 West Tenth Street
Kansas City, MO 64105
As the funds' custodian and record keeping agent, IFTC holds the funds'
portfolio securities, settles trades, collects data needed to calculate net
asset values, and provides record-keeping.
Transfer Agents
IFTC (address listed above)
Piper Jaffray (address listed above)
Piper Trust Company
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
The funds' transfer agents pay dividends and other distributions. Piper Jaffray
and Piper Trust provide transfer agent services for shareholders whose
accounts are held at those companies. IFTC provides these services for all other
shareholder accounts.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14 Prospectus - Growth and Income Funds
<PAGE>
GENERAL INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HOW DEALERS ARE COMPENSATED
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Piper Jaffray and other brokerage firms which sell fund shares receive
compensation in several ways. A portion of this compensation is typically passed
along to your broker.
Sales Commissions
Piper Jaffray receives the sales charge that you pay when you purchase class A
shares. If you purchased your shares from another brokerage firm, that firm
retains a portion of the sales charge. If your purchase of class A shares
was not subject to a front-end sales charge, Piper Jaffray may receive a fee
from Piper Capital equal to a percentage of the purchase price. Piper Jaffray
also receives any CDSC imposed when you sell your class A or class B shares.
Piper Jaffray pays a sales commission equal to a percentage of the amount
invested to its Investment Executives and to other brokerage firms which sell
class B shares.
12b-1 Fees
Piper Jaffray receives 12b-1 fees from each fund for providing
distribution-related services and for servicing shareholder accounts. Fees are
established under each fund's 12b-1 plan, which is approved by the board, and
vary by class. Class A and class B shares of each fund pay 12b-1 fees quarterly,
at annual rates equal to 0.50% and 1.00%, respectively, of average daily net
assets. Piper Jaffray is currently voluntarily limiting the 12b-1 fees it
receives from class A shares to 0.34% of average daily net assets.
For each fund, Piper Jaffray pays a portion of its 12b-1 fee to brokerage firms
which have sold shares of that fund. Firms receive an annual fee equal to 0.30%
of the fund's average daily net assets attributable to shares sold by the firm's
brokers. Piper Jaffray also uses 12b-1 fees to pay other distribution expenses
and shareholder servicing costs, such as printing and promotional costs.
Other Compensation
In addition to the compensation discussed above, Piper Jaffray and Piper Capital
may provide promotional incentives to brokers. These incentives, which may be
available only to brokers who have sold significant amounts of fund shares, may
include payment for travel expenses in connection with sales seminars, including
lodging at luxury resorts.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
When deciding which brokers to use for the funds' portfolio transactions, Piper
Capital may consider whether brokers have sold shares of the funds or any other
Piper Funds. Piper Capital may place trades through Piper Jaffray in compliance
with 1940 Act rules.
NET ASSET VALUE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net asset value per share is calculated by dividing the total market value of
the fund's investments and other assets, less any liabilities, by the number of
fund shares. The values of securities within a fund's portfolio are determined
by:
- - An independent pricing service, or
- - Through market quotations obtained from one or more dealers who make a
market in the securities or from a widely used quotation system.
- - Occasionally, if prices are not available from the above sources or are
determined to be unreliable, securities will be priced at "fair market
value" according to procedures approved by the board of directors.
Net asset value is calculated as of the regular close of the New York Stock
Exchange (typically 4 p.m. Eastern Time) on each day the exchange is open for
trading.
PENDING LAWSUITS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following two complaints, which are based on allegations of
misrepresentation and improper management, are pending relating to the
Intermediate Bond Fund (formerly Institutional Government Income Portfolio),
another series of Piper Funds.
1) Filed April 11, 1995, by Frank R. Berman, Trustee of Frank R. Berman
Professional CP Pension Plan Trust. First filed in Minnesota State District
Court, Hennepin County, and moved to U.S. District Court, District of Minnesota.
Defendants include Piper Funds Inc., Piper Jaffray and certain persons
affiliated or formerly affiliated with Piper Capital and Piper Jaffray.
2) Filed June 22, 1995, by Beverly Muth, in the Montana Thirteenth Judicial
District Court, Yellowstone County. Filed against Piper Jaffray and an
affiliated person.
Piper Capital and Piper Jaffray are also subject to an investigation by the
Securities and Exchange Commission, instituted on February 21, 1995, related to
various funds and assets managed by Piper Capital.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
15 Prospectus - Growth and Income Funds
<PAGE>
Growth and Income Funds - Prospectus
FOR MORE INFORMATION
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Annual/Semiannual Reports
Shareholder reports include financial statements and performance information on
the funds, a message from your portfolios manager, and, on an annual basis, the
auditor's report.
Statement of Additional Information (SAI)
The SAI contains more detailed information about the funds. A current SAI has
been filed with the SEC and is incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
To order free copies, please write or call:
Piper Capital Management
Attn: Mutual Fund Services
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
1 800 866-7778
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[LOGO] PIPER FUNDS 222 South Ninth Steet
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
#30300 11/1997 221-97
<PAGE>
Prospectus
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
___________, 1997
[LOGO]
INCOME
FUNDS
GOVERNMENT INCOME FUND (Class A Shares)
- ------------------------------------------------------------
INTERMEDIATE BOND FUND (Class A Shares)
- ------------------------------------------------------------
ADJUSTABLE RATE MORTGAGE SECURITIES FUND (Class A Shares)
- ------------------------------------------------------------
BEFORE YOU INVEST:
PLEASE READ THIS PROSPECTUS CAREFULLY, AND KEEP IT FOR FUTURE REFERENCE. IT
CONTAINS IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS, INCLUDING INFORMATION ON
INVESTMENT POLICIES, RISKS AND FEES.
AS WITH ALL MUTUAL FUNDS, THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR
DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (SEC) OR ANY STATE
SECURITIES COMMISSION NOR HAS THE SEC OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION
PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO
THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
<PAGE>
[LOGO]
CONTENTS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVESTING IN PIPER INCOME FUNDS 1
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GOVERNMENT INCOME FUND 2 Investment objectives and
INTERMEDIATE BOND FUND 4 policies, risk
ADJUSTABLE RATE MORTGAGE 6 considerations, portfolio
SECURITIES FUND managers, shareholder
expenses and financial
highlights
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVESTMENT SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES 8 An overview of securities
RISK FACTORS 11 and investment techniques
that may be used by the
funds and their risks
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BUYING SHARES 12 Practical information to
Calculating Your Purchase Price help you manage your
Reducing Your Sales Charge investment in Piper Funds
Investing Automatically
HOLDING SHARES 13
Receiving Dividends and Other Distributions
Taxing of Dividends and Other Distributions
Exchanging Shares
Making Transactions by Phone
Staying Informed
SELLING SHARES 14
Receiving the Proceeds
Paying the CDSC
Taking Systematic Withdrawals
Reinvesting After a Sale
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GENERAL INFORMATION 15
<PAGE>
INVESTING IN PIPER
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INCOME FUNDS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PIPER INCOME FUNDS SEEK TO PROVIDE YOU WITH INCOME WHILE PRESERVING THE
PRINCIPAL VALUE OF YOUR INVESTMENT. GOVERNMENT INCOME FUND, INTERMEDIATE BOND
FUND, AND ADJUSTABLE RATE MORTGAGE SECURITIES FUND ARE ADVISED BY PIPER
CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INCORPORATED.
BEFORE YOU INVEST:
KNOW YOUR GOALS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
One or more of these funds may be appropriate for your investment
portfolio if:
- - You want a regular stream of income or wish to diversify your
portfolio.
- - You are looking for higher return potential than you get from
your money market funds.
- - You are comfortable with volatility to your principal.
If you require absolute stability of your principal-or if you have a
long-term investment horizon and want maximum return-you should consider
other investment vehicles. Piper Income Funds were not designed to meet
these goals.
UNDERSTAND THE RISKS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
While mutual funds are a convenient and potentially rewarding way to
invest, they do not always meet their objectives. Please remember: You
could lose money with these investments. Stability of income and
safety of principal are not guaranteed. The risks associated with
these funds are outlined in the following pages.
USE YOUR PROSPECTUS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Please read this prospectus carefully and keep it on file for future
reference. Additional information is available from your broker or by
calling Piper Capital at 1 800 866-7778.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 Prospectus - Income Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
GOVERNMENT INCOME FUND
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Government Income Fund seeks high current income consistent with preservation
of capital. To pursue this objective, the fund invests primarily in U.S.
government securities as described below. Much of the fund is invested in
mortgage-related securities.
MORTGAGE-RELATED SECURITIES INCLUDE INVERSE FLOATING RATE, INTEREST-ONLY,
INVERSE INTEREST-ONLY AND PRINCIPAL-ONLY SECURITIES. WHILE THESE SECURITIES
CAN ADD SIGNIFICANT INCOME TO THE FUND, THEIR PRICES CAN BE HIGHLY VOLATILE IN
RESPONSE TO CHANGING INTEREST RATES. INVESTMENT IN THESE SECURITIES IS LIMITED
TO 10% OF NET ASSETS.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under normal market conditions, Government Income Fund will invest at least
65% of its total assets in securities issued - or guaranteed as to the payment
of principal and interest - by the U.S. government, its agencies, or its
instrumentalities. Examples include Treasuries, mortgage-related securities
such as Ginnie Maes and Fannie Maes, and zero-coupon securities. The fund also
may enter into repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements
involving these securities.
The fund may invest up to 10% of its total assets in mortgage-related
securities issued by private entities. These securities must be rated AA/Aa or
better at the time of purchase or, if unrated, they must be of comparable
quality as determined by the adviser. The fund may engage in options and
futures transactions, purchase or sell securities on a when-issued or forward
commitment basis, and enter into mortgage dollar rolls.
To provide flexibility and liquidity, the fund may invest up to 35% of total
assets in cash and short-term money market securities. It could temporarily
exceed this limit in abnormal market conditions, as a defensive measure.
RISK CONSIDERATIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INTEREST RATE RISK The value of your investment will fluctuate with changing
interest rates. If rates rise, the prices of debt securities in the fund
likely will fall and vice versa. One measure of interest rate risk is
effective duration, explained on page 11 under "Interest Rate Risk."
Generally, this fund maintains an average effective duration of three to eight
years. That's longer than other funds in this prospectus, making this fund
potentially more volatile.
CREDIT RISK An issuer of a security in this fund could default, although
that's less likely in the portion of the fund invested in U.S. government
securities (at least 65% of total assets). Treasury securities carry minimal
credit risk. Obligations of government agencies, however, are somewhat
riskier. When the fund purchases unrated securities, it will depend on the
adviser's investment analysis more heavily than usual.
OTHER RISKS This fund holds many mortgage-related securities, which are
subject to both prepayment and extension risk. The investment securities and
techniques used by this fund present other risks as well. See pages 8-11 for
more information.
PLEASE REMEMBER: THE GOVERNMENT'S GUARANTEE DOES NOT EXTEND TO THE FUND
ITSELF. NOR DOES IT COVER THE MARKET VALUE OF GOVERNMENT SECURITIES. LIKE ANY
OTHER SECURITIES, THEY WILL FLUCTUATE IN VALUE.
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BRUCE SALVOG, director of the taxable fixed income team and a senior vice
president of Piper Capital, has managed the fund since March 1995. He joined
the adviser in 1992 and has 25 years of financial experience.
DAVID STEELE, a senior vice president of Piper Capital, also began managing
the fund in March 1995. He joined the adviser in 1992 and has 16 years of
financial experience.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHAREHOLDER EXPENSES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As a shareholder, you pay expenses both directly and indirectly. Figures below
show expenses for the past year.
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES (AS A % OF OFFERING PRICE)
Maximum front-end sales charge on purchases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.00%
FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (AS A % OF AVERAGE NET ASSETS)
Management fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50%
12b-1 fee (after fee limitation)(1,2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.34%
Other expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ____%
Total operating expenses (after fee limitation)(2). . . . . . . . . . . %
(1) Due to the 12b-1 fee, long-term shareholders may indirectly pay more than
the equivalent of the maximum permitted front-end sales charge.
(2) If Piper Jaffray had not voluntarily limited fees, the 12b-1 fee would have
been 0.50% and total operating expenses, ____%. Voluntary limitations may
be discontinued at any time after fiscal 1998 year end.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPENSES ON A $1,000 INVESTMENT
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The example below shows the expenses you would pay on a $1,000 investment over
various time periods. It assumes you reinvested all distributions and received
a 5% annual return. PLEASE NOTE: THIS IS ONLY AN EXAMPLE AND SHOULD NOT BE
CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF PAST OR FUTURE EXPENSES. ACTUAL EXPENSES COULD
VARY.
1 year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
3 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
5 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
10 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Prospectus - Income Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
GOVERNMENT INCOME FUND (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS The following information has been audited by KPMG Peat
Marwick LLP, independent auditors.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Period from Year Period from
Fiscal year ended September 30, 11/1/88 to Ended 3/16/87(1) to
1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 9/30/89 10/31/88 10/31/87
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE DATA
Net asset value, beginning of period. . $ 8.99 8.42 . 10.01 9.86 9.69 9.02 9.18 9.50 9.40 10.00
---- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- -----
Operations:
Net investment income . . . . . . . . 0.60 0.60 0.69 0.80 0.90 0.84 0.81 0.76 0.82 0.45
Net realized and unrealized
gains (losses) on investments. . . . (0.16) 0.60 (1.58) 0.15 0.17 0.67 (0.16) (0.32) 0.10 (0.60)
----- ----- ------ ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ----
Total from operations . . . . . . . . 0.44 1.20 (0.89) 0.95 1.07 1.51 0.65 0.44 0.92 (0.15)
----- ----- ------ ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ----
Distributions:
From net investment income. . . . . . (0.60) (0.63) (0.68) (0.80) (0.90) (0.84) (0.81) (0.76) (0.82) (0.45)
From net realized gains . . . . . . . -- -- (0.02) -- -- -- -- -- -- --
----- ----- ------ ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- -----
Total distributions . . . . . . . . (0.60) (0.63) (0.70) (0.80) (0.90) (0.84) (0.81) (0.76) (0.82) (0.45)
----- ----- ------ ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- -----
Net asset value, end of period . . . . $ 8.83 8.99 8.42 10.01 9.86 9.69 9.02 9.18 9.50 9.40
TOTAL RETURN(2) [BAR GRAPH]. . . . . . 4.99% 14.87% (9.26%) 10.06% 11.57% 17.51% 7.31% 4.78% 10.18% 1.41%
SELECTED INFORMATION
Net assets, end of period (in
millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 84 106 126 160 124 76 73 85 62 75
Ratio of expenses to average daily
net assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . % 1.09% 1.11% 1.05% 1.09% 1.11% 1.18% 1.08% 1.15%(4) 1.23% 0.70%(4)
Ratio of net investment income to
average daily net assets. . . . . . % 6.66% 7.02% 7.43% 8.10% 9.15% 9.00% 8.87% 8.81%(4) 8.68% 8.07%(4)
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets before waivers(3). . . . . . % 1.28% 1.29% 1.24% 1.27% 1.29% 1.36% 1.27% 1.35% 1.43% 1.48%(4)
Ratio of net investment income to
average daily net assets before
waivers(3). . . . . . . . . . . . . % 6.47% 6.84% 7.24% 7.92% 8.97% 8.82% 8.68% 8.61% 8.48% 7.29%(4)
Portfolio turnover rate (excluding
short-term securities). . . . . . . % 32% 87% 121% 191% 118% 110% 202% 149% 217% 281%
</TABLE>
(1) Commencement of operations.
(2) Total return is based on the change in net asset value, assumes
reinvestment of all distributions and does not reflect a sales charge.
(3) During the periods shown, the distributor voluntarily waived fees. Had the
maximum 12b-1 fee of 0.50% been in effect, the ratios of expenses and net
investment income to average daily net assets would have been as shown.
Beginning in fiscal 1995, the expense ratios reflect the effect of gross
expenses paid indirectly by the fund. Prior period expense ratios have not
been adjusted.
(4) Annualized.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 Prospectus - Income Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
INTERMEDIATE BOND FUND
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Intermediate Bond Fund seeks high current income consistent with preservation
of capital. To pursue this objective, the fund invests primarily in a broad
range of investment-quality debt securities.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under normal market conditions, Intermediate Bond Fund invests at least 65% of
its total assets in:
- - U.S. government securities, which are securities issued - or guaranteed as
to the payment of principal and interest - by the government, its agencies,
or its instrumentalities. This includes mortgage-related securities.
- - Corporate fixed income securities.
- - Other fixed income securities, such as privately issued mortgage-related
securities, asset-backed securities and U.S. dollar-denominated Yankee bonds.
Securities other than U.S. government securities must be rated BBB/Baa or
better at the time of purchase. Or, if unrated, they must be of comparable
quality, as determined by the fund's investment adviser.
Investments in mortgage-related securities may include collateralized mortgage
obligations. However, the fund will not invest in inverse floating rate,
interest-only, principal-only, inverse interest-only, or stripped
mortgage-backed securities.
To provide liquidity and flexibility, the fund may invest up to 35% of its
total assets in cash and short-term money market securities. In abnormal
market conditions, the fund may temporarily exceed this limit as a defensive
measure.
The fund may enter into repurchase agreements for U.S. government securities.
In addition, it may purchase or sell securities on a when-issued or forward
commitment basis, and it may enter into mortgage dollar rolls. The fund will
not purchase or sell options on securities, or enter into futures contracts.
RISK CONSIDERATIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INTEREST RATE RISK The value of your investment will fluctuate with changing
interest rates. If rates rise, the prices of debt securities in the fund
likely will fall and vice versa. One measure of interest rate risk is
effective duration, explained on page 11 under "Interest Rate Risk." This fund
generally maintains an average effective duration of two to six years. It also
attempts to maintain a dollar-weighted average maturity of three to 10 years.
CREDIT RISK This fund is subject to credit risk, which is the possibility
that the issuer of a security will default. The fund may invest in securities
rated as low as BBB by Standard & Poor's Ratings Services or Baa by Moody's
Investors Service or in unrated securities of comparable quality. Although
these securities are investment grade, they are viewed as having speculative
characteristics and carry a somewhat greater risk of default than government
securities or other, more highly rated securities. When the fund purchases
unrated securities, it will depend on the adviser's investment analysis more
heavily than usual.
OTHER RISKS This fund may invest a large portion of its assets in
mortgage-related securities, which are subject to both prepayment and
extension risk. The investment securities and techniques used by this fund
present other risks as well. See pages 8-11 for more information.
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WORTH BRUNTJEN, a senior vice president of Piper Capital, has managed the fund
since its inception in 1988. He has 28 years of financial experience.
BRUCE SALVOG, director of the taxable fixed income team and a senior vice
president of Piper Capital, became a manager of the fund in September 1996. He
joined the adviser in 1992 and has 25 years of financial experience.
DAVID STEELE, a senior vice president of Piper Capital, also began managing
the fund in September 1996. He joined the adviser in 1992 and has 16 years of
financial experience.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHAREHOLDER EXPENSES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As a shareholder, you pay expenses both directly and indirectly. Figures below
show expenses for the past year.
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES (AS A % OF OFFERING PRICE)
Maximum front-end sales charge on purchases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.00%
FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (AS A % OF AVERAGE NET ASSETS)
Management fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.25%
12b-1 fee (after fee limitation)(1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.22%
Other expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ____%
Total operating expenses (after fee limitation)(1) . . . . . . . . . . %
(1) If Piper Jaffray had not voluntarily limited fees, the 12b-1 fee would
have been 0.50% and total operating expenses, ____%. Voluntary limitations
may be discontinued at any time after fiscal 1998 year end.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPENSES ON A $1,000 INVESTMENT
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The example below shows the expenses you would pay on a $1,000 investment over
various time periods. It assumes you reinvested all distributions and received
a 5% annual return. PLEASE NOTE: THIS IS ONLY AN EXAMPLE AND SHOULD NOT BE
CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF PAST OR FUTURE EXPENSES. ACTUAL EXPENSES COULD
VARY.
1 year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
3 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
5 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
10 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4 Prospectus - Income Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
INTERMEDIATE BOND FUND (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS The following information has been audited by KPMG Peat
Marwick LLP, independent auditors.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Period from Period from
Fiscal year ended September 30, 11/1/88 to 7/11/88(1) to
1997 1996(2) 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 9/30/89 10/31/88
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE DATA
Net asset value, beginning of period . . $ 8.12 7.98 12.22 11.51 10.71 10.02 9.96 10.08 10.00
----- ----- ------ ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Operations:
Net investment income. . . . . . . . 0.53(3) 0.88 0.90 1.29 1.07 0.94 0.91 0.82 0.21
Net realized and unrealized
gains (losses) on investments . (0.11) 0.31 (3.96) 0.56 0.73 0.67 0.08 (0.12) 0.08
----- ----- ------ ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Total from operations. . . . . . . . 0.42 1.19 (3.06) 1.85 1.80 1.61 0.99 0.70 0.29
Distributions: ----- ----- ------ ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
From net investment income . . . . . (1.04) (1.05) (0.95) (0.90) (0.91) (0.90) (0.90) (0.81) (0.21)
From net realized gains. . . . . . . -- -- (0.23) (0.24) (0.09) (0.02) (0.03) (0.01) --
----- ----- ------ ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Total distributions . . . . . . (1.04) (1.05) (1.18) (1.14) (1.00) (0.92) (0.93) (0.82) (0.21)
----- ----- ------ ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Net asset value, end of period . . . . . $ 7.50 8.12 7.98 12.22 11.51 10.71 10.02 9.96 10.08
TOTAL RETURN(4) [BAR GRAPH]. . . . . . . 5.68% 16.15% (26.65%) 17.04% 17.70% 16.80% 10.30% 7.38% 3.09%
SELECTED INFORMATION
Net assets, end of period (in
millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 136 319 564 792 470 132 36 28 18
Ratio of expenses to average daily
net assets(6,7) . . . . . . . . . . . % 0.72% 0.97% 0.78% 0.70% 0.65% 0.75% 0.78% 0.85%(5) 0.75%(5)
Ratio of net investment income to
average daily net assets. . . . . . . % 6.65% 8.02% 9.33% 12.51% 11.01% 9.29% 9.00% 9.03%(5) 7.91%(5)
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets before waivers(6). . . . . . . % 0.82% 1.07% 0.85% 0.77% 0.72% 0.82% 0.91% 1.40% 1.53%(5)
Ratio of net investment income to
average daily net assets before
waivers(6). . . . . . . . . . . . . . % 6.55% 7.92% 9.26% 12.44% 10.94% 9.22% 8.87% 8.48% 7.13%(5)
Portfolio turnover rate (excluding
short-term securities). . . . . . . . % 89% 136% 169% 109% 64% 29% 76% 23% 14%
</TABLE>
(1) Commencement of operations.
(2) On 9/12/96, shareholders of the fund approved the discontinuance of a
fundamental policy requiring the fund to invest only in securities issued
or guaranteed as to the payment of principal and interest by the U.S.
government or its agencies or instrumentalities and repurchase agreements
fully secured by such securities. In connection with the discontinuance of
this policy, the fund's investment policies were revised to permit
investments in a broad range of investment-quality debt securities and the
fund's name was changed from Institutional Government Income Portfolio to
Intermediate Bond Fund.
(3) Based on average shares outstanding during the period.
(4) Total return is based on the change in net asset value, assumes
reinvestment of all distributions and does not reflect a sales charge.
(5) Annualized.
(6) During the periods shown, the adviser and distributor voluntarily waived
fees and expenses. Had the fund paid all expenses and had the maximum 12b-1
fee been in effect, the ratios of expenses and net investment income to
average daily net assets would have been as shown. Beginning in fiscal 1995,
the expense ratio reflects the effect of gross expenses paid indirectly by
the fund. Prior period expense ratios have not been adjusted.
(7) Includes federal excise taxes of 0.08%, 0.37%, 0.23%, 0.09% and 0.02% for
the fiscal years ended 9/30/96 through 9/30/92, respectively.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 Prospectus - Income Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
ADJUSTABLE RATE MORTGAGE SECURITIES FUND
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Adjustable Rate Mortgage Securities Fund seeks maximum current income
consistent with low volatility of principal. It targets this objective through
a portfolio composed primarily of adjustable rate mortgage securities.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under normal conditions, Adjustable Rate Mortgage Securities Fund invests at
least 65% of its total assets in adjustable rate mortgage (ARM) securities.
ARM securities have interest rates which reset periodically in response to
changes in the current interest rate environment. They include pass-through
securities and floating rate collateralized mortgage obligations.
The remaining 35% of the portfolio may include:
- - Mortgage-related securities other than ARM securities.
- - U.S. government securities, which are securities issued - or guaranteed as
to the payment of principal and interest - by the government, its agencies,
or its instrumentalities This includes up to 10% in zero-coupon securities.
- - Asset-backed securities.
- - Corporate fixed income securities.
The fund may engage in options and futures transactions, purchase and sell
interest rate caps and floors, make investments in Eurodollar instruments for
hedging purposes, and purchase or sell securities on a when-issued or forward
commitment basis. It may enter into repurchase agreements for U.S. government
securities as well as reverse repurchase agreements.
For temporary defensive purposes, the fund may invest without limitation in
cash and short-term money market securities.
At least 85% of the fund's assets must be U.S. government securities,
securities with a minimum rating of AA (Standard & Poor's) or Aa (Moody's) or
equivalent at the time of purchase, or unrated securities of comparable
quality as determined by the adviser. Up to 15% of its total assets may be in
securities with an A or equivalent rating or in unrated securities of
comparable quality. The fund may not invest in securities rated lower than A.
If a security's quality falls below A, the fund will sell it as promptly as
possible.
RISK CONSIDERATIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INTEREST RATE RISK The value of your investment will fluctuate with changing
interest rates. If rates rise, the prices of debt securities in the fund likely
will fall and vice versa. One measure of interest rate risk is effective
duration, explained on page 11 under "Interest Rate Risk." The fund will
generally maintain an average effective duration of one to four years, making
this, potentially, the least volatile fund in this prospectus.
ARM SECURITIES MAY FLUCTUATE LESS IN PRICE THAN OTHER DEBT SECURITIES, BECAUSE
THEIR INTEREST RATES MOVE WITH MARKET RATES. HOWEVER, THIS DOES NOT ELIMINATE
PRICE FLUCTUATIONS, PARTICULARLY DURING PERIODS OF EXTREME INTEREST RATE
VOLATILITY.
ARM securities typically have caps which limit the amount by which their
interest rates may increase or decrease. Also, since many adjustable rate
mortgages reset just once a year, ARM securities may fluctuate in price to
reflect the fact that interest rates payable on the underlying mortgages have
not yet changed to reflect current market rates.
CREDIT RISK The fund is subject to credit risk, which is the possibility
that the issuer of a security will default. When the fund purchases unrated
securities, it will depend on the adviser's investment analysis more heavily
than usual.
OTHER RISKS This fund typically invests a large portion of its assets in
mortgage-related securities, which are subject to both prepayment and
extension risk. The investment securities and techniques used by this fund
present other risks as well. See pages 8-11 for more information.
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOM MCGLINCH, CFA, is a senior vice president of Piper Capital. He has managed
this fund since its inception in September 1995. He joined the adviser in 1992
and has 16 years of financial experience.
WAN-CHONG KUNG, CFA, vice president, began managing this fund in December
1995. Prior to joining Piper Capital in 1993, she was a senior consultant at
Cytrol Inc. in Edina, Minnesota, from 1989 to 1992.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHAREHOLDER EXPENSES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As a shareholder, you pay expenses both directly and indirectly. Figures below
show expenses for the past year.
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES (AS A % OF OFFERING PRICE)
Maximum front-end sales charge on purchases . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.00%
FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (AS A % OF AVERAGE NET ASSETS)
Management fee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.35%
12b-1 fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.15%
Other expenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ____%
Total operating expenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . %
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPENSES ON A $1,000 INVESTMENT
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The example below shows the expenses you would pay on a $1,000 investment over
various time periods. It assumes you reinvested all distributions and received
a 5% annual return. PLEASE NOTE: THIS IS ONLY AN EXAMPLE AND SHOULD NOT BE
CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF PAST OR FUTURE EXPENSES. ACTUAL EXPENSES COULD
VARY.
1 year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
3 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
5 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
10 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6 Prospectus - Income Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
ADJUSTABLE RATE MORTGAGE SECURITIES FUND (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS The following information has been audited by KPMG Peat
Marwick LLP, independent auditors.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Month Year Year Year Year Period
Ended Ended Ended Ended Ended Ended Ended
9/30/97 9/30/96 8/31/96 8/31/95 8/31/94 8/31/93 8/31/92(1)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE DATA(2)
Net asset value, beginning of period. . . $ 8.03 7.99 8.10 8.88 8.95 8.80
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Operations:
Net investment income. . . . . . . . . . 0.04 0.49 0.47 0.55 0.63 0.40
Net realized and unrealized
gains (losses) on investments . . . . . 0.03 0.01 (0.05) (0.82) (0.09) 0.07
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Total from operations. . . . . . . . . . 0.07 0.50 0.42 (0.27) 0.54 0.47
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Distributions:
From net investment income . . . . . . . (0.04) (0.46) (0.53) (0.51) (0.61) (0.32)
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Net asset value, end of period. . . . . . $ 8.06 8.03 7.99 8.10 8.88 8.95
TOTAL RETURN(5) [BAR GRAPH] . . . . . . . 0.85% 6.40% 5.43% (3.18%) 6.24% 5.49%
SELECTED INFORMATION(2)
Net assets, end of period (in
millions). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 263 270 409 500 551 555
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets(4). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . % 0.82%(5) 0.60% 0.63% 0.60% 0.58% 0.58%(5)
Ratio of net investment income to
average daily net assets(4). . . . . . % 5.82%(5) 5.74% 5.62% 6.39% 7.25% 7.70%(5)
Portfolio turnover rate (excluding
short-term securities) . . . . . . . . % 2% 51% 36% 39% 39% 41%
Amount of borrowings outstanding at end
of period (in millions)(6) . . . . . . $ -- -- -- 145 145 145
Average amount of borrowings outstanding
during the period (in millions)(6) . . $ -- -- 57 145 149 90
Average number of shares outstanding
during the period (in millions)(6) . . -- -- 53 62 62 52
Average per-share amount of borrowings
outstanding during the period(6) . . . $ -- -- 1.09 2.34 2.41 1.67
</TABLE>
(1) Commencement of operations of DDJ was 1/30/92.
(2) On 9/1/95, four closed-end funds, American Adjustable Rate Term Trusts
1996, 1997, 1998 and 1999 (BDJ, CDJ, DDJ and EDJ) were combined to
create the fund. DDJ is considered the surviving entity for financial
reporting purposes. The financial highlights presented for the periods
prior to 9/1/95 are those of DDJ. The per share historical information
for those periods has been adjusted to reflect the impact of additional
shares created resulting from the difference in the net asset value per
share of DDJ at the time of the merger ($8.71) and the initial net asset
value per share of the fund ($8.00).
(3) Total return is based on the change in net asset value, assumes
reinvestment of all distributions and does not reflect a sales charge.
(4) During the year ended 8/31/96, the adviser voluntarily waived or absorbed
various fees and expenses. Had the fund paid all expenses, the ratios of
expenses and net investment income to average daily net assets would have
been 0.76%/5.58%, respectively. Beginning in the year ended 8/31/96, the
expense ratios reflects the effect of gross expenses paid indirectly by the
fund. Prior period expense ratios have not been adjusted.
(5) Annualized.
(6) DDJ was a closed-end management company and was permitted to enter into
borrowings for other than temporary or emergency purposes. The fund may
borrow only for temporary or emergency purposes.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7 Prospectus - Income Funds
<PAGE>
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
INVESTMENT SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This table lists investment securities and techniques used by the funds and
notes any investment limitations as a percentage of portfolio assets. It also
lists the principal risk factors, which are explained in greater detail on the
following pages.
10 Percent of total assets
/10/ Percent of net assets
y Permitted without limitation
n Not permitted
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ADJUSTABLE RATE
GOVERNMENT INTERMEDIATE MORTGAGE SECURITIES
INCOME FUND BOND FUND FUND
INVESTMENT SECURITIES
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n y y
generally are backed by shorter-term unsecured debt,
such as credit card and auto loan debt.
These securities are often guaranteed or over-collateralized
to improve credit quality. Credit, Interest Rate, Market
CORPORATE FIXED INCOME SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n y y
include corporate bonds, debentures, notes and similar debt
securities. Credit, Interest Rate, Market
EURODOLLAR INSTRUMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n n y
are U.S. dollar denominated futures contracts or options on
futures contracts that are used to protect against changes in
LIBOR (the London Interbank Offered Rate). Interest Rate,
Leverage, Liquidity, Market, Correlation, Opportunity
FUTURES CONTRACTS (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y n y
require the holder to buy or sell securities at a specified price
on a specified date. Some are contracts to make a cash settlement
on a future date in an amount determined by the value of a
financial index (such as the S&P 500 Index) on the last day of the
contract. A fund generally buys or sells futures as protection
against fluctuations in the value of its portfolio without actually
buying or selling securities. Interest Rate, Leverage, Liquidity,
Market, Correlation, Opportunity
OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS (D). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y n y
give the holder the right, in return for the premium paid,
to assume a position in a futures contract at a specified
exercise price at any time prior to the expiration date of
the option. Interest Rate, Leverage, Liquidity, Market,
Correlation, Opportunity
ILLIQUID SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . /15/ n /15/
cannot be sold in the ordinary course of business within seven
days at approximately the price at which they are valued. This
includes Rule 144A securities unless they are determined to be
liquid under procedures adopted by the board of directors.
Liquidity, Market
INTEREST RATE CAPS AND FLOORS (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n n 5
entitle the holder to receive payments of interest if a specified
index exceeds (in the case of a cap) or falls below (in the case
of a floor) a specified interest rate. Correlation, Credit,
Interest Rate, Liquidity
MORTGAGE-RELATED SECURITIES represent participations in, or are
secured by, pools of mortgages. They are issued by U.S.
government agencies and private entities and include the
following:
ADJUSTABLE RATE MORTGAGE SECURITIES (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . y y y
pay interest rates which change periodically based on changes
in an underlying interest rate index Interest Rate, Credit,
Market, Extension, Prepayment
COLLATERALIZED MORTGAGE OBLIGATIONS (CMOs) (D). . . . . . . . . y y y
are mortgage-related securities in which the cash flows are
allocated to different tranches or classes, rather than
being passed through directly to investors. Different
tranches have different risk/return characteristics.
Tranches with more predictable cash flows generally have
lower yields. Interest Rate, Credit, Market, Extension,
Prepayment, Liquidity, Leverage
</TABLE>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8 Prospectus - Income Funds
<PAGE>
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
INVESTMENT SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C> <C>
MORTGAGE-RELATED SECURITIES (CONTINUED)
INVERSE FLOATING RATE, INVERSE INTEREST ONLY, INTEREST
ONLY, AND PRINCIPAL ONLY SECURITIES (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 n n
are CMO tranches or multiclass mortgage securities with
less predictable cash flows. These securities are extremely
sensitive to interest rate changes and are therefore more
volatile than conventional debt securities. Some of these
securities may decline in value at times when other debt
securities are increasing. Conversely, some may increase at
times when conventional debt securities are decreasing.
Interest Rate, Credit, Market, Extension, Prepayment,
Liquidity, Leverage
PASS-THROUGHS (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y y
pass principal and interest payments through to investors,
net of fees. Interest Rate, Credit, Market, Extension,
Prepayment
Z BONDS (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y n
are CMO tranches which defer interest and principal
payments until other tranches have been paid. Prices
fluctuate more widely with changes in interest rates than
prices of securities with similar maturities that pay
interest currently. Interest Rate, Credit, Market,
Extension, Prepayment, Liquidity, Leverage
OPTIONS ON SECURITIES (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y n y
are contracts which give the holder the right, in return for the
premium paid, to buy or sell securities prior to the expiration
date of the option, upon payment of the option exercise price.
The writer of the option is then obligated to either deliver or
purchase the securities. Interest Rate, Market, Leverage,
Correlation, Liquidity, Credit, Opportunity
SHORT-TERM MONEY MARKET SECURITIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 35 35
include short-term U.S. government securities, time deposits,
bank certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances, high-grade
commercial paper and other money market instruments. Interest
Rate, Credit, Market
U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y y
are issued - or guaranteed as to payment of principal and
interest - by the U.S. government or its agencies or
instrumentalities. They include U.S. Treasury bills, notes and
bonds, as well as agency-issued securities, such as Fannie Maes
(issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association), Ginnie
Maes (issued by the Government National Mortgage Association)
and Freddie Macs (issued by the Federal Home Loan Mortgage
Corporation). Interest Rate, Credit, Market
YANKEE BONDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n y /n/
are dollar-denominated bonds of foreign issuers traded in the
United States. Yankee bonds may involve risks not associated
with securities of domestic issuers. Interest Rate, Credit,
Market, Foreign Issuer
ZERO COUPON, PAY-IN-KIND AND DELAYED INTEREST SECURITIES. . . . . . y y 10
do not pay interest on a current basis or they pay interest by
issuing additional securities. Their prices fluctuate more
widely with changes in interest rates than prices of securities
with similar maturities that pay interest currently.(1)
Interest Rate, Credit, Market
</TABLE>
(D) These securities are considered derivative securities. A
derivative is a financial instrument whose value is based on
another security, index, reference rate (for example, interest
or currency exchange rate) or other asset.
(1) Adjustable Rate Mortgage Securities Fund may invest only in
U.S. government STRIPS. Government Income Fund may invest only
in zero coupon securities.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9 Prospectus - Income Funds
<PAGE>
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
INVESTMENT SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This table lists investment securities and techniques used by the funds and
notes any investment limitations as a percentage of portfolio assets. It also
lists the principal risk factors, which are explained in greater detail on the
following pages.
10 Percent of total assets
/10/ Percent of net assets
y Permitted without limitation
n Not permitted
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ADJUSTABLE RATE
GOVERNMENT INTERMEDIATE MORTGAGE SECURITIES
INCOME FUND BOND FUND FUND
INVESTMENT TECHNIQUES
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
BORROWING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 5 10
is permitted for temporary or emergency purposes only. Interest
paid on borrowed funds reduces earnings. Each fund's policy on
borrowing cannot be changed without shareholder approval. Leverage
INDUSTRY CONCENTRATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n n n(1)
The investment by a fund of 25% or more of its total assets in
any one industry. Market, Opportunity
MORTGAGE DOLLAR ROLLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.3 25 n
The fund sells mortgage-related securities for delivery in the
current month while contracting with the same party to
repurchase similar securities at a future date. Market,
Opportunity, Leverage
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y y
Each income fund may engage in short-term trading to benefit
from yield disparities among securities and to otherwise attempt
to achieve its objectives. This may result in higher transaction
costs and increased short-term gains, which are taxable as
ordinary income when distributed. Market
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y y
The fund purchases securities on the condition that the seller
will buy them back at a set time and price, plus interest. Credit
REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 n 10
The fund sells securities and agrees to buy them back at a set
time and price, plus interest. Leverage
WHEN-ISSUED AND FORWARD COMMITMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y y
The purchase or sale of a security at a future date for a
predetermined price. Securities may decrease in value prior to
their delivery. Market, Opportunity, Leverage
</TABLE>
(1) Adjustable Rate Mortgage Securities Fund will invest 25% or
more of its total assets in ARM securities issued or guaranteed
by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities or
by private organizations.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 Prospectus - Income Funds
<PAGE>
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
RISK FACTORS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A summary of the principal risks which apply to each fund is provided in "Fund
Descriptions." More detail regarding these and other risks associated with
investment securities and techniques used by Piper Income Funds is provided
below.
CORRELATION RISK
Sometimes, changes in the price of a hedging instrument do not correlate
perfectly with changes in the market value of the securities subject to that
hedge. As a result, even a correct market forecast could result in an
unsuccessful hedging transaction.
CREDIT RISK
The issuer of a security, or the other party to a contract, such as a
repurchase agreement, could default on its financial obligation causing a loss
in a fund's portfolio. In addition, changes in a security's credit rating or
changes in the perception of an issuer's ability to pay principal and interest
could affect the value of a security and cause a decline in the value of the
fund's portfolio.
EXTENSION RISK
Rising interest rates could cause homeowners to prepay their mortgages more
slowly than expected, resulting in slower prepayments of mortgage-related
securities. This would, in effect, convert a short- or medium-duration
mortgage-related security into a longer-duration security, increasing its
sensitivity to interest rate changes and causing its price to decline.
FOREIGN ISSUER RISK
Securities of foreign issuers, even when dollar-denominated and publicly
traded in the United States, may involve risks not associated with the
securities of domestic issuers. For certain foreign countries, political or
social instability or diplomatic developments could adversely affect the
securities. There is also the risk of loss due to governmental actions such as
a change in tax statutes or the modification of individual property rights. In
addition, individual foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably
from the U.S. economy.
INTEREST RATE RISK
Generally, rising interest rates cause a decline in market prices of existing
debt securities, because investors may purchase new debt securities at a
higher rate of interest. Falling interest rates generally cause market prices
of existing debt securities to rise.
Effective duration, one measure of interest rate risk, measures how much the
value of a security is expected to change with a given change in interest
rates. The longer a security's effective duration, the more sensitive its
price to changes in interest rates. For example, if interest rates were to
increase by one percentage point, the market value of a bond with an effective
duration of five years would decrease by 5%, with all other factors being
constant. However, all other factors are rarely constant. Effective duration
is based on assumptions and subject to a number of limitations. It is most
useful when interest rate changes are small, rapid and occur equally in
short-term and long-term securities. In addition, it is difficult to calculate
precisely for bonds with prepayment options, such as mortgage-related
securities, because the calculation requires assumptions about prepayment
rates. For these reasons, the effective durations of funds which invest a
significant portion of their assets in mortgage-backed securities can be
greatly affected by changes in interest rates.
LEVERAGE RISK
Leverage magnifies exposure to the potential risks and rewards of a particular
investment. If a security or investment practice involves leverage, small
market movements can result in large changes in market value.
LIQUIDITY RISK
A fund may not be able to sell a security at the desired time and price. It
may have to accept a lower price or sell other securities instead at a time
when the sale of those securities might not be advantageous. The sale of
illiquid securities often requires more time and results in higher selling
expenses than the sale of liquid securities. Investing in Rule 144A securities
could have the effect of increasing the level of fund illiquidity to the
extent that qualified institutional buyers become, for a time, uninterested in
purchasing these securities.
MARKET RISK
All stocks and bonds may decline in price over short or extended periods of
time. Price changes may affect the market as a whole, or they may affect only
a particular issuer, industry or sector of the market.
OPPORTUNITY RISK
The risk of having to forego an investment opportunity because assets are tied
up in a less beneficial investment.
PREPAYMENT RISK
Falling interest rates could cause prepayments of mortgage-related securities
to occur more quickly than expected. This occurs because, as interest rates
fall, more homeowners refinance the mortgages underlying these securities. The
fund must reinvest the prepayments at a time when interest rates on new
mortgage investments are falling, reducing the income of the fund. In
addition, when interest rates fall, prices on mortgage-related securities may
not rise as much as for comparable Treasury securities because investors may
anticipate an increase in mortgage prepayments.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11 Prospectus - Income Funds
<PAGE>
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
BUYING SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may become a shareholder in Piper Funds with an initial investment of $250
or more. Add to your existing investment with any amount, at any time. Simply
call your Piper Jaffray Investment Executive or another authorized brokerage
firm.
CALCULATING YOUR PURCHASE PRICE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Your purchase price is typically the net asset value of your shares, plus a
front-end sales charge. The net asset value of each share is equal to the
market value of the fund's investments and other assets, less any liabilities,
divided by the number of fund shares. Your purchase price will be based on the
next net asset value of your shares calculated after your broker receives your
purchase order.
SALES CHARGES
Sales charges vary depending on the amount of your purchase.
As a % of As a % of
Purchase amount purchase price net asset value
Up to $100,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.00% . . . . . . . . . . . 2.04%
$100,000-249,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.25% . . . . . . . . . . . 1.27%
$250,000-499,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50% . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50%
$500,000 and more. . . . . . . . . . . . None* . . . . . . . . . . . None*
*A contingent deferred sales charge will be assessed if you redeem within 12
months. See "Selling Shares," page 14.
REDUCING YOUR SALES CHARGE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may reduce, or even eliminate, your sales charge through the following
purchase plans. For details, please consult your broker or the Statement of
Additional Information.
ACCUMULATION PRIVILEGE
Prior purchases of class A shares of any Piper fund (except a money market
fund) will be factored into your sales charge calculation. For example, let's
say you're making a $10,000 investment. If the current value or the original
cost of all other Piper fund class A shares that you hold is $90,000 or
greater, your current sales charge is reduced.
COMBINED PURCHASE PLAN
You may combine your purchase with purchases from another account, such as
your spouse's or child's account or your IRA. Qualified groups which invest as
a unit may also combine purchases to reduce sales charges.
LETTER OF INTENT
If you plan to invest $100,000 or more over a 13-month period in class A
shares of any Piper fund, you may reduce your sales charge by signing a
non-binding letter of intent. (If you do not fulfill the letter of intent, you
must pay the applicable sales charges.)
SPECIAL PURCHASE PLANS
Class A shares may be purchased without a sales charge by:
- - Investors in 401(k) or other qualified plans which offer Piper Funds.
- - Investors purchasing shares through Piper Jaffray's Advantage program or
other qualified wrap-fee accounts.
- - Investors using the proceeds from the sale of any mutual fund not in the
Piper Funds family, excluding money market funds. (This privilege is
available for 30 days after the sale.)
- - Piper Capital clients purchasing shares for their advisory accounts.
- - Employees, directors, or retirees of Piper Jaffray Companies or any of its
subsidiaries, as well as certain relatives of these persons. Trust,
pension, profit-sharing or other benefit plans for these individuals also
may qualify.
- - Employees of brokerage firms which have sales agreements with Piper
Jaffray, their spouses and minor children.
- - Trust companies or bank trust departments investing for discretionary
accounts.
- - Piper Jaffray Companies and its subsidiaries.
INVESTING AUTOMATICALLY
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AUTOMATIC MONTHLY INVESTMENT PROGRAMS
To purchase shares as part of a savings discipline, you may automatically
transfer $100 or more each month to any Piper fund from your bank, savings and
loan or other financial institution. Or transfer $25 or more per month from
any of the Piper money market funds.
CROSS-REINVESTMENT OF DISTRIBUTIONS
To help you diversify your portfolio, you may automatically invest your income
and capital gain distributions in the same class of shares of another Piper
fund (other than our money market funds) without paying a sales charge,
provided you hold a minimum balance in that fund.
SHARE CLASS
GOVERNMENT INCOME FUND AND ADJUSTABLE RATE MORTGAGE SECURITIES
FUND EACH OFFERS A SINGLE CLASS OF SHARES, CALLED "CLASS A SHARES" IN THIS
PROSPECTUS. INTERMEDIATE BOND FUND OFFERS BOTH CLASS A SHARES AND, THROUGH
ANOTHER PROSPECTUS, AN INSTITUTIONAL CLASS OF SHARES CALLED "CLASS Y SHARES."
CLASS Y SHARES HAVE NO SALES CHARGES AND A LOWER EXPENSE STRUCTURE. THEY ARE
AVAILABLE TO INVESTORS MAKING AN INITIAL INVESTMENT OF $1 MILLION OR MORE. FOR
MORE INFORMATION, CALL YOUR BROKER OR MUTUAL FUND SERVICES AT 1 800 866-7778.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12 Prospectus - Income Funds
<PAGE>
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
HOLDING SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RECEIVING DIVIDENDS AND OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dividends from a fund's net investment income are declared daily and paid
monthly. They begin accruing on the settlement date for the purchase of your
shares and continue through the day before the sale of your shares is settled.
Capital gains, if any, are distributed at least once annually.
Dividend and capital gain distributions will be reinvested in additional
shares of the fund, invested in shares of a different Piper fund, or
distributed in cash. Any reinvestments must be in the same class of shares.
Please tell your broker which distribution method you prefer.
TAXING OF DIVIDENDS AND OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Each fund has qualified, and intends to continue qualifying, for taxation as a
regulated investment company. As long as a fund continues to qualify, it will
not be subject to federal income tax to the extent its income is distributed
to shareholders.
Dividends and distributions you receive from a fund are generally taxable
whether you reinvest them or take them in cash. Distributions of long-term
capital gains are taxable as long-term gains, regardless of how long you have
held your shares (except that, under recent amendments to the tax code, the
funds may be required to designate certain capital gain dividends that you
must treat as mid-term capital gains if you are an individual shareholder).
Dividends from a fund's net investment income and short-term capital gain
distributions are taxable as ordinary income.
If you sell or exchange your fund shares, it will be a taxable event for you
and may result in a capital gain or loss. Under recent amendments to the tax
code, the gain or loss will be considered long-term for individuals who have
held their shares for more than 18 months and mid-term for individuals who have
held their shares more than one year but not more than 18 months. A gain or
loss on shares held for one year or less is considered short-term and is taxed
at the same rates as ordinary income.
EXCHANGING SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If your investment goals or your financial needs change, you may move your
shares from one Piper fund to another, if the shares of that fund are legally
available in your state. There is no fee to exchange shares.
Exchanges are generally made based on the net asset value per share of each
fund at the time of the exchange. However, if your new fund has a higher sales
charge - for example if you move from an income fund to a growth fund - you
must pay the difference. Exchanges from an income fund into a Piper fund
offering more than one class of shares may only be made into that fund's class
A shares.
You may also move your income fund assets into a Piper money market fund. If
you later exchange those money market fund shares for Piper Funds class A
shares, that exchange will be treated as an exchange from the income fund for
purposes of determining your sales charge.
Before exchanging into any fund, be sure to read its prospectus carefully.
MAKING TRANSACTIONS BY PHONE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may buy or sell shares over the phone by calling your broker. If you hold
your shares with IFTC or with a brokerage firm other than Piper Jaffray, you
may also buy or sell shares by calling IFTC at 1 800 874-6205, provided you
have authorized telephone privileges in your Account Application and Services
form.
For your protection, IFTC will attempt to verify your identity by asking for
your account number, social security number or other form of personal
identification. If reasonable care is taken to identify you as the caller,
neither IFTC nor the funds will be liable for losses to your account resulting
from an unauthorized telephone transaction. Payments which result from
telephone transactions will be made only to the address of record or the bank
account designated on your Account Application and Services form.
STAYING INFORMED
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Piper Capital offers a variety of resources to help keep you informed. If you
would like more information, please contact your broker or call Mutual Fund
Services at 1 800 866-7778. As a shareholder, you automatically receive the
following:
SHAREHOLDER REPORTS
Shareholder reports are mailed twice a year, in November and May. They include
financial statements and performance information on the funds, a message from
your portfolio manager, and, on an annual basis, the auditor's report.
To reduce shareholder costs and help eliminate duplication, only one report is
sent to each address which lists one or more shareholders with the same last
name. If you would like additional reports mailed to your address, please
contact Mutual Fund Services.
STATEMENTS AND CONFIRMATIONS
Statements are mailed monthly (quarterly if your account has no activity).
Confirms are mailed following each purchase or sale of fund shares.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13 Prospectus - Income Funds
<PAGE>
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
SELLING SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
YOU MAY SELL ANY OR ALL OF YOUR SHARES AT ANY TIME FOR THEIR NET ASSET VALUE
(LESS ANY APPLICABLE CONTINGENT DEFERRED SALES CHARGES). SIMPLY CALL YOUR
BROKER. YOUR REQUEST WILL BE EXECUTED AT THE NEXT NET ASSET VALUE CALCULATED
AFTER YOUR REQUEST IS RECEIVED BY YOUR BROKER.
RECEIVING THE PROCEEDS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you are a Piper Jaffray client with a signed Piper Automated Transfer (PAT)
agreement, proceeds from a sale of shares usually will be transferred to your
account the next day. Otherwise, proceeds will be sent to you or your broker,
generally within three business days. If you sell shares that were recently
purchased by check, payment may be delayed until the check has cleared
(normally up to 15 days from the purchase date).
If you work with a broker from a firm other than Piper Jaffray, you also may
sell your shares by submitting a written request to the funds' transfer agent,
IFTC. Call IFTC at 1 800 874-6205 for instructions.
Remember to keep at least $200 in your account. If your account falls below
$200 due to a sale of shares or an exchange request, your account may be
liquidated following 30 days written notice.
PAYING THE CDSC
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you invest $500,000 or more and, as a result, pay no front-end sales
charge, you may incur a contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) if you sell
your shares within 12 months. The CDSC is:
Government Income Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50%
Intermediate Bond Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.30%
Adjustable Rate Mortgage Securities Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.30%
The CDSC is based on the net asset value of your shares at the time of
purchase or at the time of sale, whichever is less. The charge does not apply
to shares you acquired by reinvesting your dividend or capital gain
distributions.
To help lower your costs, shares that are not subject to a CDSC will be
sold first. Other shares will then be sold in an order that minimizes your CDSC.
LETTER OF INTENT
If you sell your shares within 12 months of fulfilling a letter of intent, you
will be charged a CDSC.
EXCHANGES
No CDSC is charged if you exchange shares that were originally purchased
without a sales charge, unless you sell your new shares within 12 months of
your original purchase.
CDSC WAIVERS
If you purchased your shares through a Special Purchase Plan, the CDSC will be
waived. In addition, the charge will be waived:
- - Due to death or disability of the shareholder.
- - To allow a lump-sum distribution from a qualified employee benefit plan.
- - To allow systematic withdrawals from a qualified employee benefit plan, if
you are at least 59-1/2 years old.
- - To allow for a tax-free return of an excess contribution to
your IRA.
- - If your account balance falls below $200 and your account is liquidated.
TAKING SYSTEMATIC WITHDRAWALS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If your account has a value of $5,000 or more, you can make automatic
withdrawals from your account. You may withdraw $100 or more monthly,
quarterly, or semiannually by authorizing the sale of the appropriate number
of shares on a periodic basis. To set up systematic withdrawals, contact your
broker.
You should not make systematic withdrawals if you plan to continue investing in
the fund, due to sales charges and tax liabilities.
REINVESTING AFTER A SALE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you sell class A shares, you may reinvest in class A shares of that fund or
another Piper fund within 30 days without a sales charge. If the shares you
sold were subject to a CDSC, that charge will be credited to your account and
the reinvested shares will continue to be subject to the CDSC.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14 Prospectus - Income Funds
<PAGE>
GENERAL INFORMATION
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HOW THE FUNDS ARE ORGANIZED
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Each income fund is a diversified series of an open-end investment company.
Government Income Fund and Intermediate Bond Fund are series of Piper Funds
Inc. Adjustable Rate Mortgage Securities Fund is a series of Piper Funds
Inc.-II.
VOTING RIGHTS
Although the funds are not required by law to hold annual meetings, they may
hold shareholder meetings from time to time on important matters. In addition,
shareholders have the right to call a meeting under certain circumstances.
When your fund holds a meeting, you will receive a proxy statement requesting
your vote. You have one vote for each share you own.
FUND OBJECTIVES
Each fund's investment objective is fundamental and may be changed only with
shareholder approval.
HOW THE FUNDS ARE MANAGED
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The funds are governed by a board of directors, which is responsible for
protecting the interests of shareholders. Directors meet periodically
throughout the year to oversee the funds' activities, review their performance
and review the actions of the funds' adviser. Although the board may include
individuals who are affiliated with the adviser, the majority of board members
must be independent. The board has retained the companies listed below to
manage the funds' operations.
INVESTMENT ADVISER
Piper Capital Management Incorporated
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
As investment adviser, Piper Capital manages the funds' business and
investment activities, subject to the authority of the board of directors.
Each fund pays Piper Capital a monthly fee for providing investment advisory
services. See "Shareholder Expenses" in the "Fund Descriptions" section of
this prospectus for more information.
Piper Capital also is investment adviser to the other Piper Funds, to a number
of closed-end investment companies and to various institutions, corporations
and individuals. Piper Capital has approximately $9 billion under management
and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Piper Jaffray Companies Inc., a
full-service investment company.
DISTRIBUTOR
Piper Jaffray Inc.
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
Piper Jaffray is the principal distributor of the funds' shares. Other
brokerage firms that have a sales agreement with Piper Jaffray may also sell
fund shares. Piper Jaffray is a wholly owned subsidiary of Piper Jaffray
Companies and an affiliate of Piper Capital.
CUSTODIAN AND RECORD KEEPING AGENT
Investors Fiduciary Trust Company (IFTC)
127 West Tenth Street
Kansas City, MO 64105
As the funds custodian and record keeping agent, IFTC holds the funds'
portfolio securities, settles trades, collects data needed to calculate net
asset values, and provides record-keeping.
TRANSFER AGENTS
IFTC (address listed above)
Piper Jaffray (address listed above)
Piper Trust Company
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
The funds' transfer agents pay dividends and other distributions. Piper
Jaffray and Piper Trust provide transfer agent services for
shareholders whose accounts are held at those companies. IFTC provides these
services for all other shareholder accounts.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
15 Prospectus - Income Funds
<PAGE>
GENERAL INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HOW DEALERS ARE COMPENSATED
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Piper Jaffray and other brokerage firms which sell fund shares receive
compensation in several ways. A portion of this compensation is typically
passed along to your broker.
SALES COMMISSIONS
Piper Jaffray receives the sales charge that you pay when you purchase fund
shares. If you purchased your shares from another brokerage firm, that firm
retains a portion of the sales charge. If your purchase of fund shares was not
subject to a front-end sales charge, Piper Jaffray may receive a fee from Piper
Capital equal to a percentage of the purchase price. Piper Jaffray also receives
any CDSC imposed when you sell your shares.
12b-1 FEES
Piper Jaffray receives 12b-1 fees from each fund for providing
distribution-related services and for servicing shareholder accounts. Fees are
established under each fund's 12b-1 plan, which is approved by the board.
Piper Jaffray is currently voluntarily limiting the 12b-1 fees it receives
from Government Income Fund and Intermediate Bond Fund. The funds pay 12b-1
fees to Piper Jaffray quarterly, at the following annual rates:
12b-1 Fee as a % of Net Assets
------------------------------------
Before Limitation After Limitation
------------------------------------
Government
Income Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50% 0.34%
Intermediate
Bond Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.30% 0.22%
Adjustable Rate
Mortgage
Securities Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.15% 0.15%
For each fund, Piper Jaffray pays a portion of its 12b-1 fee to brokerage
firms which have sold shares of that fund. Firms receive an annual fee equal
to a percentage of the fund's average daily net assets attributable to shares
sold by the firm's brokers. That fee is equal to 0.30%, 0.20% and 0.15%,
respectively, for Government Income Fund, Intermediate Bond Fund and
Adjustable Rate Mortgage Securities Fund. Piper Jaffray also uses 12b-1 fees
to pay other distribution expenses and shareholder servicing costs, such as
printing and promotional costs.
OTHER COMPENSATION
In addition to the compensation discussed above, Piper Jaffray and Piper
Capital may provide promotional incentives to brokers. These incentives, which
may be available only to brokers who have sold significant amounts of fund
shares, may include payment for travel expenses in connection with sales
seminars, including lodging at luxury resorts.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The income funds purchase most of their portfolio securities directly from the
issuer or from an underwriter or market maker, and not from a broker acting as
an agent. However, the funds may from time to time use brokers when buying
portfolio securities. When deciding which brokers to use, Piper Capital may
consider whether brokers have sold shares of the funds or any other Piper
Funds. Piper Capital may place trades through Piper Jaffray in compliance with
1940 Act rules.
NET ASSET VALUE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net asset value per share is calculated by dividing the total market value of
the fund's investments and other assets, less any liabilities, by the number
of fund shares. The values of securities within a fund's portfolio are
determined by:
- - An independent pricing service, or
- - Through market quotations obtained from one or more dealers who make a
market in the securities or from a widely used quotation system.
- - Occasionally, if prices are not available from the above sources or are
determined to be unreliable, securities will be priced at "fair market
value" according to procedures approved by the board of directors.
Net asset value is calculated as of the regular close of the New York Stock
Exchange (typically 4 p.m. Eastern Time) on each day the exchange is open for
trading.
PENDING LAWSUITS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following two complaints, which are based on allegations of
misrepresentation and improper management, are pending relating to the
Intermediate Bond Fund (formerly Institutional Government Income Portfolio).
1) Filed April 11, 1995, by Frank R. Berman, Trustee of Frank R. Berman
Professional CP Pension Plan Trust. First filed in Minnesota State District
Court, Hennepin County, and moved to U.S. District Court, District of
Minnesota. Defendants include Piper Funds Inc., Piper Jaffray and certain
persons affiliated or formerly affiliated with Piper Capital and Piper Jaffray.
2) Filed June 22, 1995, by Beverly Muth, in the Montana Thirteenth Judicial
District Court, Yellowstone County. Filed against Piper Jaffray and an
affiliated person.
Piper Capital and Piper Jaffray are also subject to an investigation by the
Securities and Exchange Commission, which began February 21, 1995, related to
various funds and assets managed by Piper Capital.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16 Prospectus - Income Funds
<PAGE>
INCOME FUNDS - PROSPECTUS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOR MORE INFORMATION
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANNUAL/SEMIANNUAL REPORTS
Shareholder reports include financial statements and performance information on
the funds, a message from your portfolio manager, and, on an annual basis, the
auditor's report.
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (SAI)
The SAI contains more detailed information about the funds. A current SAI has
been filed with the SEC and is incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
To order free copies, please write or call:
Piper Capital Management
Attn: Mutual Fund Services
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
1 800 866-7778
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[LOGO] PIPER FUNDS 222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
#30400 11/1997 222-97
<PAGE>
Tax-Exempt Income Funds - Prospectus
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
__________, 1997
[LOGO]
TAX-EXEMPT
INCOME FUNDS
NATIONAL TAX-EXEMPT FUND (Class A Shares)
- --------------------------------------------------
MINNESOTA TAX-EXEMPT FUND (Class A Shares)
- --------------------------------------------------
BEFORE YOU INVEST:
PLEASE READ THIS PROSPECTUS CAREFULLY, AND KEEP IT FOR FUTURE REFERENCE. IT
CONTAINS IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS, INCLUDING INFORMATION ON
INVESTMENT POLICIES, RISKS AND FEES.
AS WITH ALL MUTUAL FUNDS, THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED
BY THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (SEC) OR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION NOR HAS THE SEC OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE
ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
<PAGE>
[LOGO]
CONTENTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVESTING IN PIPER TAX-EXEMPT INCOME FUNDS 1
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NATIONAL TAX-EXEMPT FUND 2 Investment objectives and
MINNESOTA TAX-EXEMPT FUND 4 policies, risk considerations,
portfolio managers,
shareholder expenses and
financial highlights
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVESTMENT SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES 6 An overview of securities and
RISK FACTORS 8 investment techniques that may
be used by the funds and their
risks
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BUYING SHARES 9 Practical information to help
Calculating Your Purchase Price you manage your investment in
Reducing Your Sales Charge Piper Funds
Investing Automatically
HOLDING SHARES 10
Receiving Dividends and Other
Distributions
Taxing of Dividends and Other
Distributions
Exchanging Shares
Making Transactions by Phone
Staying Informed
SELLING SHARES 11
Receiving the Proceeds
Paying the CDSC
Taking Systematic Withdrawals
Reinvesting After a Sale
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GENERAL INFORMATION 12
<PAGE>
INVESTING IN PIPER
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TAX-EXEMPT
INCOME FUNDS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PIPER TAX-EXEMPT INCOME FUNDS SEEK TO PROVIDE YOU WITH TAX-FREE INCOME WHILE
PRESERVING THE PRINCIPAL VALUE OF YOUR INVESTMENT OVER TIME. NATIONAL TAX-EXEMPT
FUND AND MINNESOTA TAX-EXEMPT FUND ARE ADVISED BY PIPER CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
INCORPORATED.
BEFORE YOU INVEST:
KNOW YOUR GOALS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
One of these funds may be appropriate for your investment portfolio if:
- - You want a regular stream of tax-exempt income or wish to diversify your
portfolio.
- - You are in a high income bracket and wish to decrease your tax burden.
(If you pay Minnesota income tax, consider the Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund.)
- - You are comfortable with some volatility to your principal.
If you require absolute stability of your principal, you want maximum return,
or you are seeking an investment for a tax-deferred retirement plan, you
should consider other investment vehicles. Piper Tax-Exempt Income Funds were
not designed to meet these goals.
UNDERSTAND THE RISKS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
While mutual funds are a convenient and potentially rewarding way to invest,
they do not always meet their objectives. Please remember: You could lose money
with these investments. Stability of income and safety of principal are not
guaranteed. The risks associated with these funds are outlined in the following
pages.
USE YOUR PROSPECTUS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Please read this prospectus carefully and keep it on file for future reference.
Additional information is available from your broker or by calling Piper Capital
at 1 800 866-7778.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 Prospectus - Tax-Exempt Income Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
NATIONAL TAX-EXEMPT FUND
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National Tax-Exempt Fund seeks maximum current income exempt from federal income
taxes, consistent with prudent investment risk and preservation of capital. To
pursue this objective, the fund invests primarily in a diversified portfolio of
municipal securities.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under normal market conditions, National Tax-Exempt Fund will invest at least
80% of its net assets in municipal securities exempt from federal income tax,
including the federal alternative minimum tax (AMT).
Municipal securities are issued by state and local governments (as well as
certain U.S. territorial possessions) to obtain funds for various public
purposes, including the construction of public facilities such as airports,
highways, hospitals and schools. These securities may include bonds, notes and
commercial paper of any maturity, although the fund emphasizes investments in
long-term municipal securities. The fund invests only in investment grade
municipal securities, or unrated securities that the fund's adviser determines
are of comparable quality.
The fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in taxable obligations. In
addition, during periods of abnormal market conditions, the fund temporarily may
invest up to 100% of its net assets in taxable obligations. Taxable obligations
include municipal securities subject to regular federal income tax or federal
AMT which are rated investment grade or are of comparable quality, U.S.
government securities, corporate bonds rated within the three highest grades by
either Moody's Investors Services or Standard & Poor's Ratings Services,
commercial paper rated within the two highest grades by either Moody's or
Standard & Poor's, certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances, repurchase
agreements and cash.
To facilitate portfolio management, the fund may engage in futures contracts,
enter into repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements, and purchase
and sell securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis.
RISK CONSIDERATIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INTEREST RATE RISK The value of your investment will fluctuate with changing
interest rates. If rates rise, the prices of municipal securities in the fund
likely will fall and vice versa. Bonds with longer maturities are particularly
sensitive to interest rate movements.
CREDIT RISK This fund is subject to credit risk, which is the possibility that
the issuer of a security will default. The fund may invest in securities of the
lowest investment grade, or in unrated securities of comparable quality. These
securities are viewed as having speculative characteristics and carry a somewhat
greater risk of default than more highly rated securities. When the fund
purchases unrated securities, it will depend on the adviser's investment
analysis more heavily than usual.
CALL RISK Some municipal securities held by the fund may be redeemed by the
issuer, or "called," prior to their stated maturity dates. If a security is
redeemed during a time of declining interest rates, the fund may be unable to
reinvest in securities providing as high a level of income.
POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC RISK The value of municipal securities owned by the fund
may be adversely affected by local political and economic conditions and
developments.
OTHER RISKS The investment securities and techniques used by this fund present
other risks as well. See pages 6-8 for more information.
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RONALD REUSS, chief economist and a senior vice president of Piper Capital, has
managed the fund since inception. He joined the adviser in 1986 and has 28 years
of financial experience.
DOUGLAS WHITE, CFA, is a senior vice president of Piper Capital. He joined the
adviser in 1987 and has managed the fund since inception. He has 14 years of
financial experience.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHAREHOLDER EXPENSES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As a shareholder, you pay expenses both directly and indirectly. Figures below
show expenses for the past year.
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES (AS A % OF OFFERING PRICE)
Maximum front-end sales charge on purchases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.00%
FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (AS A % OF AVERAGE NET ASSETS)
Management fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50%
12b-1 fee (after fee limitation)(1,2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.24%
Other expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ____%
Total operating expenses (after fee limitation)(2). . . . . . . . . . %
(1) Due to the 12b-1 fee, long-term shareholders may indirectly pay more than
the equivalent of the maximum permitted front-end sales charge.
(2) If Piper Jaffray had not voluntarily limited fees, the 12b-1 fee would have
been 0.31% and total operating expenses, ___%. Voluntary 12b-1 fee
limitations may be discontinued at any time after fiscal 1998 year end.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPENSES ON A $1,000 INVESTMENT
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The example below shows the expenses you would pay on a $1,000 investment over
various time periods. It assumes you reinvested all distributions and received a
5% annual return. PLEASE NOTE: THIS IS ONLY AN EXAMPLE AND SHOULD NOT BE
CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF PAST OR FUTURE EXPENSES. ACTUAL EXPENSES COULD
VARY.
1 year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
3 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
5 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
10 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Prospectus - Tax-Exempt Income Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
NATIONAL TAX-EXEMPT FUND (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS The following information has been audited by KPMG Peat
Marwick LLP, independent auditors.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fiscal year ended September 30,
1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988(1)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE DATA
Net asset value, beginning of
period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 10.69 10.22 11.76 10.94 10.51 9.91 9.99 10.03 10.00
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ---- ----- -----
Operations:
Net investment income. . . . . . . . 0.56 0.60 0.57 0.61 0.66 0.68 0.68 0.71 0.12
Net realized and unrealized
gains (losses) on investments . . . 0.12 0.47 (1.21) 0.94 0.43 0.60 (0.08) (0.04) 0.03
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ---- ----- -----
Total from operations. . . . . . . . 0.68 1.07 (0.64) 1.55 1.09 1.28 0.60 0.67 0.15
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ---- ----- -----
Distributions:
From net investment income(2). . . . (0.56) (0.60) (0.57) (0.61) (0.66) (0.68) (0.68) (0.71) (0.12)
From net realized gains. . . . . . . -- -- (0.33) (0.12) -- -- -- -- --
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ---- ----- -----
Total distributions. . . . . . . . . (0.56) (0.60) (0.90) (0.73) (0.66) (0.68) (0.68) (0.71) (0.12)
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ---- ----- -----
Net asset value, end of period . . . . $ 10.81 10.69 10.22 11.76 10.94 10.51 9.91 9.99 10.03
TOTAL RETURN(3) [BAR GRAPH]. . . . . . 6.42% 10.30% (5.72%) 14.76% 10.68% 13.31% 6.15% 6.82% 1.50%
SELECTED INFORMATION
Net assets, end of period
(in millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 46 57 68 79 59 46 36 36 5
Ratio of expenses to average
daily net assets. . . . . . . . . . . % 1.03% 1.01% 0.93% 0.94% 0.94% 0.92% 0.86% 0.80% 0.80%(5)
Ratio of net investment income to
average daily net assets. . . . . . . % 5.15% 5.37% 5.25% 5.42% 6.13% 6.59% 6.78% 6.56% 5.90%(5)
Ratio of expenses to average daily
net assets before waivers(4). . . . . % 1.13% 1.09% 1.03% 1.04% 1.10% 1.15% 1.13% 1.62% 2.76%(5)
Ratio of net investment income
to average daily net assets
before waivers(4) . . . . . . . . . . % 5.05% 5.29% 5.15% 5.32% 5.97% 6.36% 6.51% 5.74% 3.94%(5)
Portfolio turnover rate (excluding
short-term securities) . . . . . . . % 43% 28% 65% 43% 35% 59% 80% 57% 10%
</TABLE>
(1) Period from 7/11/88 (commencement of operations) to 9/30/88.
(2) Amounts included in distributions from net investment income that are
taxable for federal income tax purposes are $0.001, $0.002, $0.013 and
$0.03 per share for the years ended 9/30/91, 9/30/90, 9/30/89 and the
period ended 9/30/88, respectively.
(3) Total return is based on the change in net asset value, assumes
reinvestment of all distributions and does not reflect a sales charge.
(4) During the periods shown, the adviser and distributor voluntarily waived
fees and expenses. Had the fund paid all fees and expenses and had the
maximum 12b-1 fee of 0.30% been in effect, the ratios of expenses and net
investment income to average daily net assets would have been as shown.
Beginning in fiscal 1995, the expense ratio reflects the effect of gross
expenses paid indirectly by the fund. Prior period expense ratios have not
been adjusted.
(5) Annualized.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 Prospectus - Tax-Exempt Income Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
MINNESOTA TAX-EXEMPT FUND
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund seeks maximum current income exempt from both federal
and Minnesota state income taxes, consistent with prudent investment risk and
preservation of capital. To pursue this objective, the fund invests primarily in
Minnesota municipal securities and certain securities of U.S. territorial
possessions.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under normal market conditions, Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund will invest at least
80% of its net assets in municipal securities exempt from both federal and
Minnesota state income taxes, including federal and state alternative minimum
tax (AMT).
BECAUSE THIS FUND CONCENTRATES ITS INVESTMENTS IN SECURITIES OF MINNESOTA
ISSUERS, IT WILL BE DISPROPORTIONATELY AFFECTED BY LOCAL POLITICAL, ECONOMIC AND
REGULATORY CONDITIONS AND DEVELOPMENTS. SEE THE STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION FOR DETAILS.
Municipal securities are issued to obtain funds for public purposes, including
the construction of airports, highways, hospitals and schools. These securities
may include bonds, notes and commercial paper of any maturity, although the fund
emphasizes investments in long-term securities. The fund invests only in
investment grade municipal securities or unrated securities that the adviser
determines are of comparable quality.
The fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in taxable obligations. During
periods of abnormal market conditions, it temporarily may invest up to 100% of
its net assets in taxable obligations of the types described for National Tax-
Exempt Fund.
To facilitate portfolio management, the fund may engage in futures contracts,
enter into repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements, and purchase
and sell securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis.
RISK CONSIDERATIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INTEREST RATE RISK The value of your investment will fluctuate with changing
interest rates. If rates rise, the prices of municipal securities in the fund
likely will fall and vice versa.
CREDIT RISK This fund is subject to credit risk, which is the possibility that
the issuer of a security will default. The fund may invest in securities of the
lowest investment grade, or in unrated securities of comparable quality. These
securities are viewed as having speculative characteristics and carry a somewhat
greater risk of default than more highly rated securities. When the fund
purchases unrated securities, it will depend on the adviser's investment
analysis more heavily than usual.
CALL RISK Some municipal securities held by the fund may be redeemed by the
issuer, or "called," prior to their stated maturity dates. If a security is
redeemed during a time of declining interest rates, the fund may be unable to
reinvest in securities providing as high a level of income.
POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC RISK The value of municipal securities owned by the fund
may be adversely affected by local political and economic conditions and
developments.
OTHER RISKS The investment securities and techniques used by this fund present
other risks as well. See pages 8-11 for more information. Because the fund is
not diversified, it will be subject to additional risk. See "Non-Diversification
Risk," page 8.
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RONALD REUSS, chief economist and a senior vice president of Piper Capital, has
managed the fund since inception. He joined the adviser in 1986 and has 28 years
of financial experience.
DOUGLAS WHITE, CFA, is a senior vice president of Piper Capital. He joined the
adviser in 1987 and has also managed the fund since inception. He has 14 years
of financial experience.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHAREHOLDER EXPENSES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As a shareholder, you pay expenses both directly and indirectly. Figures below
show expenses for the past year.
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES (AS A % OF OFFERING PRICE)
Maximum front-end sales charge on purchases. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.00%
FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (AS A % OF AVERAGE NET ASSETS)
Management fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50%
12b-1 fee (after fee limitation)(1,2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.24%
Other expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ____%
Total operating expenses (after fee limitation)(2) . . . . . . . . . %
(1) Due to the 12b-1 fee, long-term shareholders may indirectly pay more than
the equivalent of the maximum permitted front-end sales charge.
(2) If Piper Jaffray had not voluntarily limited fees, the 12b-1 fee would have
been 0.31% and total operating expenses, ____%. Voluntary 12b-1 fee
limitations may be discontinued at any time after fiscal 1998 year end.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPENSES ON A $1,000 INVESTMENT
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The example below shows the expenses you would pay on a $1,000 investment over
various time periods. It assumes you reinvested all distributions and received a
5% annual return. PLEASE NOTE: THIS IS ONLY AN EXAMPLE AND SHOULD NOT BE
CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF PAST OR FUTURE EXPENSES. ACTUAL EXPENSES COULD
VARY.
1 year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
3 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
5 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
10 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4 Prospectus - Tax-Exempt Income Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
MINNESOTA TAX-EXEMPT FUND (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS The following information has been audited by KPMG Peat
Marwick LLP, independent auditors.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fiscal year ended September 30,
1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988(1)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE DATA
Net asset value, beginning of period . . $ 10.81 10.28 11.43 10.79 10.46 9.92 10.06 9.94 10.00
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ----- ---- -----
Operations:
Net investment income. . . . . . . . . 0.59 0.66 0.61 0.62 0.64 0.66 0.66 0.68 0.12
Net realized and unrealized
gains (losses) on investments . . . . 0.07 0.53 (0.95) 0.68 0.33 0.54 (0.14) 0.12 (0.06)
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ----- ---- -----
Total from operations. . . . . . . . . 0.66 1.19 (0.34) 1.30 0.97 1.20 0.52 0.80 0.06
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ----- ---- -----
Distributions:
From net investment income(2). . . . . (0.58) (0.66) (0.61) (0.62) (0.64) (0.66) (0.66) (0.68) (0.12)
From net realized gains. . . . . . . . -- (0.20) (0.04) -- -- -- -- -- --
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ----- ---- -----
Total distributions . . . . . . . . . (0.58) (0.66) (0.81) (0.66) (0.64) (0.66) (0.66) (0.68) (0.12)
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ---- ----- ---- -----
Net asset value, end of period . . . . . $ 10.89 10.81 10.28 11.43 10.79 10.46 9.92 10.06 9.94
TOTAL RETURN(3) [BAR GRAPH]. . . . . . . 6.42% 11.38% (3.14%) 12.52% 9.56% 12.49% 5.30% 8.23% 0.58%
SELECTED INFORMATION
Net assets, end of period
(in millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 126 134 162 169 132 83 63 51 9
Ratio of expenses to average daily
net assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . % 0.90% 0.91% 0.89% 0.91% 0.93% 0.92% 0.87% 0.80% 0.80%(5)
Ratio of net investment income
to average daily net assets . . . . . . % 5.38% 5.80% 5.61% 5.62% 6.00% 6.44% 6.58% 6.45% 5.91%(5)
Ratio of expenses to average
daily net assets before
waivers(4). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . % 0.99% 0.99% 0.99% 1.00% 1.01% 1.05% 1.06% 1.33% 1.97%(5)
Ratio of net investment income
to average daily net assets
before waivers(4). . . . . . . . . . . . % 5.29% 5.72% 5.51% 5.53% 5.92% 6.31% 6.39% 5.92% 4.74%(5)
Portfolio turnover rate (excluding
short-term securities) . . . . . . . . % 35% 30% 44% 29% 35% 22% 41% 54% 12%
</TABLE>
(1) Period from 7/11/88 (commencement of operations) to 9/30/88.
(2) Amounts included in distributions from net investment income that are
taxable for federal income tax purposes are $0.003, $0.001, $0.012, $0.011
and $0.02 per share for the years ended 9/30/92, 9/30/91, 9/30/90, 9/30/89
and the period ended 9/30/88, respectively.
(3) Total return is based on the change in net asset value, assumes
reinvestment of all distributions and does not reflect a sales charge.
(4) During the periods shown, the adviser and distributor voluntarily waived
fees and expenses. Had the fund paid all fees and expenses and had the
maximum 12b-1 fee of 0.30% been in effect, the ratios of expenses and net
investment income to average daily net assets would have been as shown.
Beginning in fiscal 1995, the expense ratio reflects the effect of gross
expenses paid indirectly by the fund. Prior period expense ratios have not
been adjusted.
(5) Annualized.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 Prospectus - Tax-Exempt Income Funds
<PAGE>
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
INVESTMENT SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This table lists investment securities and techniques used by the funds and
notes any investment limitations as a percentage of portfolio assets. It also
lists the principal risk factors, which are explained in greater detail on the
following page.
10 Percent of total assets
/10/ Percent of net assets
y Permitted without limitation
/y/ Permitted, but not typically used
n Not permitted
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NATIONAL MINNESOTA
TAX-EXEMPT FUND TAX-EXEMPT FUND
<S> <C> <C>
INVESTMENT SECURITIES
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MUNICIPAL SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
include debt obligations issued by states, cities, local authorities, and possessions
and certain territorial possessions of the United States to obtain funds for public
purposes. There are two principal classifications of municipal securities: general
obligation bonds, which are secured by the issuer's pledge of its full faith, credit
and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest, and revenue bonds, which
are payable only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or class of
facilities or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special excise tax or other
specific revenue source. Revenue bonds may entail greater credit risk than general
obligation bonds. Call, Credit, Information, Interest rate, Liquidity, Political
and Economic
MUNICIPAL LEASE OBLIGATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . /20/ /20/
include leases, installment purchase contracts and conditional sales contracts
entered into by state or local governmental units to acquire equipment or facilities,
and participation interests in such leases and contracts. Municipal lease obligations
frequently pose special risks because many leases and contracts contain
"non-appropriation" clauses that provide that the governmental issuer has no
obligation to make future payments under the lease or contract unless money is
appropriated for this purpose by the appropriate legislative body. Call, Credit,
Information, Interest Rate, Liquidity, Political and Economic
FLOATING RATE MUNICIPAL SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
carry variable or floating rates of interest which change with changes in specified
market rates or indexes, such as a bank prime rate or a tax-exempt money market
index. The yield on these securities can be expected to fluctuate with changes
in prevailing interest rates. Call, Credit, Information, Interest Rate, Liquidity,
Political and Economic
ZERO-COUPON MUNICIPAL SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
do not entitle the holder to any periodic payments prior to maturity and are issued
and traded at a discount from their face amounts. Their prices fluctuate more widely
with changes in interest rates than prices of municipal securities with similar
maturities that pay current interest. Call, Credit, Information, Interest Rate,
Liquidity, Political and Economic
DERIVATIVE MUNICIPAL SECURITIES (D). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
are custodial receipts or certificates that evidence ownership of future interest
payments, principal payments or both on certain underlying municipal securities.
The principal and interest payments on the underlying municipal securities may be
allocated in various ways, including allocations that result in the types of
structured municipal securities listed below. The securities can be highly sensitive
to interest rate movements and their performance may not correlate to such movements
in a conventional fashion. Call, Credit, Information, Interest Rate, Leverage,
Liquidity, Political and Economic
INTEREST ONLY AND PRINCIPAL ONLY CUSTODIAL RECEIPTS (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . y /y/
pay only the interest or principal due on the underlying municipal securities.
FLOATING RATE CUSTODIAL RECEIPTS (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
pay variable or floating rates of interest.
INVERSE FLOATING RATE CUSTODIAL RECEIPTS (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 20
pay interest at a rate that varies inversely to changes in the interest rate of
specified municipal securities or a specified index.
</TABLE>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6 Prospectus - Tax-Exempt Income Funds
<PAGE>
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
INVESTMENT SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
FUTURES CONTRACTS (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
require the holder to buy or sell securities at a specified price on a specified date.
Some are contracts to make a cash settlement on a future date in an amount determined
by the value of a financial index (such as the Bond Buyer Municipal Bond Index) on the
last day of the contract. A fund generally buys or sells futures as protection against
fluctuations in the value of its portfolio without actually buying or selling
securities. Interest Rate, Leverage, Liquidity, Market, Correlation, Opportunity
OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS (D). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
give the holder the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in a
futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time prior to the expiration
date of the option. Interest Rate, Leverage, Liquidity, Market, Correlation,
Opportunity
ILLIQUID SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 /15/
cannot be sold in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the
price at which they are valued. This includes Rule 144A securities unless they are
determined to be liquid under procedures adopted by the board of directors. Liquidity,
Market
PUTS (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
provide the right to resell securities at a specified price within a specified period
of time prior to the maturity date. A fund may pay a higher price to purchase a
municipal security with a put than it would pay for the same security without a put.
Puts provide a fund with potential liquidity. Credit, Opportunity
INVESTMENT TECHNIQUES
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BORROWING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 10
is permitted for temporary or emergency purposes only. Interest paid on borrowed funds
reduces earnings. Each fund's policy on borrowing cannot be changed without
shareholder approval. Leverage
GEOGRAPHIC CONCENTRATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n y
The investment by a fund of 25% or more of its total assets in any one state or
territory. Market, Opportunity, Political and Economic
INDUSTRY CONCENTRATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n(1) n(1)
The investment by a fund of 25% or more of its total assets in any one industry. Market,
Opportunity
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
The fund purchases securities on the condition that the seller will buy them back at a
set time and price, plus interest. Credit
REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y(2) /y/(2)
The fund sells securities and agrees to buy them back at a set time and price,
plus interest. Leverage
WHEN-ISSUED AND FORWARD COMMITMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y
The purchase or sale of a security at a future date for a predetermined price.
Securities may decrease in value prior to their delivery. Market, Opportunity, Leverage
</TABLE>
(D) These securities are considered derivative securities. A derivative is a
financial instrument whose value is based on another security, index,
reference rate (for example, interest or currency exchange rate) or other
asset.
(1) Neither fund will invest more than 25% of its total assets in limited
obligation bonds payable only from revenues derived from facilities or
projects within a single industry, provided that bonds that have been
refunded with escrowed U.S. government securities will not be subject to
this limitation. Gas, electric, water and telephone companies will be
considered separate industries.
(2) The funds' investment policies allow investment of up to 25% of total
assets in reverse repurchase agreements.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6 Prospectus - Tax-Exempt Income Funds
<PAGE>
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
RISK FACTORS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A summary of the principal risks which apply to each fund is provided in "Fund
Descriptions." More detail regarding these and other risks associated with
investment securities and techniques used by Piper Tax-Exempt Income Funds is
provided below.
CALL RISK
Some municipal securities held by the funds may be redeemed at the option of the
issuer, or "called," prior to their stated maturity date. If a security is
redeemed during a time of declining interest rates, the fund may be unable to
reinvest the proceeds in municipal securities which provide as high a level of
investment return.
CORRELATION RISK
Sometimes, changes in the price of a hedging instrument do not correlate
perfectly with changes in the market value of the securities subject to that
hedge. As a result, even a correct market forecast could result in an
unsuccessful hedging transaction.
CREDIT RISK
The issuer of a security, or the other party to a contract, such as a repurchase
agreement, could default on its financial obligation causing a loss in a fund's
portfolio. In addition, changes in a security's credit rating or changes in the
perception of an issuer's ability to pay principal and interest could affect the
value of a security and cause a decline in the value of the fund's portfolio.
INFORMATION RISK
Information about the financial condition of an issuer of municipal securities
may not be as readily available as information about corporations whose
securities are publicly traded.
INTEREST RATE RISK
Generally, rising interest rates cause a decline in market prices of existing
debt securities, because investors may purchase new debt securities at a higher
rate of interest. Falling interest rates generally cause market prices of
existing debt securities to rise.
LEVERAGE RISK
Leverage magnifies exposure to the potential risks and rewards of a particular
investment. If a security or investment practice involves leverage, small market
movements can result in large changes in market value.
LIQUIDITY RISK
A fund may not be able to sell a security at the desired time and price. It may
have to accept a lower price or sell other securities instead at a time when the
sale of those securities might not be advantageous. The sale of illiquid
securities often requires more time and results in higher selling expenses than
the sale of liquid securities. In general, the secondary market for municipal
securities is less liquid than the market for most taxable fixed income
securities. Consequently, the fund's ability to buy and sell securities may be
limited from time to time. Investing in Rule 144A securities could have the
effect of increasing the level of fund illiquidity to the extent that qualified
institutional buyers become, for a time, uninterested in purchasing these
securities.
MARKET RISK
All stocks and bonds may decline in price over short or extended periods of
time. Price changes may affect the market as a whole, or they may affect only
a particular issuer, industry or sector of the market.
NON-DIVERSIFICATION RISK
Because the Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund is not diversified, and because of the
relatively small number of issuers of Minnesota municipal securities, the fund
is more likely to invest a higher percentage of its assets in the securities of
a single issuer or of a limited number of issuers than a diversified fund. This
involves an increased risk of loss to the fund if the issuers are unable to make
interest or principal payments or if the fair market values of such securities
decline.
OPPORTUNITY RISK
The risk of having to forego an investment opportunity because assets are tied
up in a less beneficial investment.
POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC RISK
The value of municipal securities may be adversely affected by local political
and economic conditions and developments. Adverse conditions in an industry
significant to a local economy could have a correspondingly adverse effect on
the financial condition of local issuers. Other factors that could affect
municipal securities include a change in the local, state or national economy,
demographic factors, ecological or environmental concerns, statutory limitations
on the issuer's ability to increase taxes and other developments generally
affecting the revenue of issuers (for example, legislation or court decisions
reducing state aid to local governments or mandating additional services).
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8 Prospectus - Tax-Exempt Income Funds
<PAGE>
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
BUYING SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may become a shareholder in Piper Funds with an initial investment of $250
or more. Add to your existing investment with any amount, at any time. Simply
call your Piper Jaffray Investment Executive or another authorized brokerage
firm.
CALCULATING YOUR PURCHASE PRICE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Your purchase price is typically the net asset value of your shares, plus a
front-end sales charge. The net asset value of each share is equal to the market
value of the fund's investments and other assets, less any liabilities, divided
by the number of fund shares. Your purchase price will be based on the next net
asset value of your shares calculated after your broker receives your purchase
order.
Sales Charges
Sales charges vary depending on the amount of your purchase.
As a % of As a % of
Purchase amount purchase price net asset value
Up to $100,000 . . . . . . . . . . .2.00% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.04%
$100,000-249,999 . . . . . . . . . .1.25% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.27%
$250,000-499,999. . . . . . . . . .0.50% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50%
$500,000 and more. . . . . . . . . .None*. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .None*
*A contingent deferred sales charge will be assessed if you redeem within 12
months. See "Selling Shares," page 11.
REDUCING YOUR SALES CHARGE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may reduce, or even eliminate, your sales charge through the following
purchase plans. For details, please consult your broker or the Statement of
Additional Information.
ACCUMULATION PRIVILEGE
Prior purchases of class A shares of any Piper fund (except a money market fund)
will be factored into your sales charge calculation. For example, let's say
you're making a $10,000 investment. If the current value or the original cost of
all other Piper fund class A shares that you hold is $90,000 or greater, your
current sales charge is reduced.
COMBINED PURCHASE PLAN
You may combine your purchase with purchases from another account, such as your
spouse's or child's account or your IRA. Qualified groups which invest as a unit
may also combine purchases to reduce sales charges.
LETTER OF INTENT
If you plan to invest $100,000 or more over a 13-month period in class A shares
of any Piper fund, you may reduce your sales charge by signing a non-binding
letter of intent. (If you do not fulfill the letter of intent, you must pay the
applicable sales charges.)
SPECIAL PURCHASE PLANS
Class A shares may be purchased without a sales charge by:
- - Investors purchasing shares through Piper Jaffray's Advantage program or
other qualified wrap-fee accounts.
- - Investors using the proceeds from the sale of any mutual fund not in the
Piper Funds family, excluding money market funds. (This privilege is
available for 30 days after the sale.)
- - Piper Capital clients purchasing shares for their advisory accounts.
- - Employees, directors, or retirees of Piper Jaffray Companies or any of its
subsidiaries, as well as certain relatives of these persons. Trust,
pension, profit-sharing or other benefit plans for these individuals also
may qualify.
- - Employees of brokerage firms which have sales agreements with Piper
Jaffray, their spouses and minor children.
- - Trust companies or bank trust departments investing for discretionary
accounts.
- - Piper Jaffray Companies and its subsidiaries.
INVESTING AUTOMATICALLY
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AUTOMATIC MONTHLY INVESTMENT PROGRAMS
To purchase shares as part of a savings discipline, you may automatically
transfer $100 or more each month to any Piper fund from your bank, savings and
loan or other financial institution. Or transfer $25 or more per month from any
of the Piper money market funds.
CROSS-REINVESTMENT OF DISTRIBUTIONS
To help you diversify your portfolio, you may automatically invest your income
and capital gain distributions in the same class of shares of another Piper fund
(other than our money market funds) without paying a sales charge, provided you
hold a minimum balance in that fund.
SHARE CLASS
National Tax-Exempt Fund offers a single class of shares, called "class A
shares" in this prospectus. Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund offers both class A shares
and, through another prospectus, class Y (institutional) shares. Class Y shares
have no sales charges and a lower expense structure. They are available to
investors making an initial investment of $1 million or more. For more
information, call your broker or Mutual Fund Services at 1 800 866-7778.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9 Prospectus - Tax-Exempt Income Funds
<PAGE>
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
HOLDING SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RECEIVING DIVIDENDS AND OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dividends from a fund's net investment income are declared daily and paid
monthly. They begin accruing on the settlement date for the purchase of your
shares and continue through the day before the sale of your shares is settled.
Capital gains, if any, are distributed at least once annually.
Dividend and capital gain distributions will be reinvested in additional shares
of the fund, invested in shares of a different Piper fund, or distributed in
cash. Any reinvestments must be in the same class of shares. Please tell your
broker which distribution method you prefer.
TAXING OF DIVIDENDS AND OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Piper Tax-Exempt Funds intend to meet certain federal tax requirements so that
distributions of tax-exempt interest income may be treated as "exempt-interest
dividends." These dividends are not subject to regular federal tax. However,
each fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in municipal securities subject
to the alternative minimum tax. Any portion of exempt-interest dividends
attributable to interest on these securities may increase some shareholders'
alternative minimum tax.
Distributions paid from any interest income that is not tax-exempt and from any
net realized capital gains will be taxable whether you reinvest those
distributions or take them in cash.
National Tax-Exempt Fund's exempt-interest dividends may be subject to state or
local taxes. Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund intends to comply with certain state tax
requirements so that dividends it pays that are attributable to interest on
Minnesota municipal securities will be exempt from Minnesota personal income
tax. At least 95% of the exempt-interest dividends paid by the fund will be
derived from interest income on Minnesota municipal securities. A portion of the
fund's dividends may be subject to the Minnesota alternative minimum tax.
Exempt-interest dividends are not excluded from the Minnesota taxable income of
corporations and financial institutions.
If you sell or exchange your fund shares, it will be a taxable event for you and
may result in a capital gain or loss. Under recent amendments to the tax code,
the gain or loss will be considered long-term if you have held the shares for
more than 18 months and mid-term if you have held your shares more than one year
but not more than 18 months. A gain or loss on shares held for not more than one
year is considered short-term and is taxed at the same rates as ordinary income.
EXCHANGING SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If your investment goals or your financial needs change, you may move your
shares from one Piper fund to another, if the shares of that fund are legally
available in your state. There is no fee to exchange shares.
Exchanges are generally made based on the net asset value per share of each fund
at the time of the exchange. However, if your new fund has a higher sales charge
- - for example if you move from a tax-exempt income fund to a growth fund - you
must pay the difference. Exchanges from the class A shares of a tax-exempt
income fund into a Piper fund offering more than one class of shares may only be
made into that fund's class A shares.
You may also move your tax-exempt income fund assets into a Piper money market
fund. If you later exchange those money market fund shares for Piper Funds class
A shares, that exchange will be treated as an exchange from the tax-exempt
income fund for purposes of determining your sales charge.
Before exchanging into any fund, be sure to read its prospectus carefully.
MAKING TRANSACTIONS BY PHONE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may buy or sell shares over the phone by calling your broker. If you hold
your shares with IFTC or with a brokerage firm other than Piper Jaffray, you may
also buy or sell shares by calling IFTC at 1 800 874-6205, provided you have
authorized telephone privileges in your Account Application and Services form.
For your protection, IFTC will attempt to verify your identity by asking for
your account number, social security number or other form of personal
identification. If reasonable care is taken to identify you as the caller,
neither IFTC nor the funds will be liable for losses to your account resulting
from an unauthorized telephone transaction. Payments which result from telephone
transactions will be made only to the address of record or the bank account
designated on your Account Application and Services form.
STAYING INFORMED
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Piper Capital offers a variety of resources to help keep you informed. If you
would like more information, please contact your broker or call Mutual Fund
Services at 1 800 866-7778. As a shareholder, you automatically receive the
following:
Shareholder Reports
Shareholder reports are mailed twice a year, in November and May. They include
financial statements and performance information on the funds, a message from
your portfolio manager, and, on an annual basis, the auditor's report.
To reduce shareholder costs and help eliminate duplication, only one report is
sent to each address which lists one or more shareholders with the same last
name. If you would like additional reports mailed to your address, please
contact Mutual Fund Services.
Statements and Confirmations
Statements are mailed monthly (quarterly if your account has no activity).
Confirms are mailed following each purchase or sale of fund shares.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 Prospectus - Tax-Exempt Income Funds
<PAGE>
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
SELLING SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may sell any or all of your shares at any time for their net asset value
(less any applicable contingent deferred sales charges). Simply call your
broker. Your request will be executed at the next net asset value calculated
after your request is received by your broker.
RECEIVING THE PROCEEDS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you are a Piper Jaffray client with a signed Piper Automatic Transfer (PAT)
agreement, proceeds from a sale of shares usually will be transferred to your
account the next day. Otherwise, proceeds will be sent to you or your broker,
generally within three business days. If you sell shares that were recently
purchased by check, payment may be delayed until the check has cleared (normally
up to 15 days from the purchase date).
If you work with a broker from a firm other than Piper Jaffray, you also may
sell your shares by submitting a written request to the funds' transfer agent,
IFTC. Call IFTC at 1 800 874-6205 for instructions.
Remember to keep at least $200 in your account. If your account falls below $200
due to a sale of shares or an exchange request, your account may be liquidated
following 30 days written notice.
PAYING THE CDSC
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you invest $500,000 or more and, as a result, pay no front-end sales charge,
you may incur a 0.50% contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) if you sell your
shares within 12 months. The CDSC is based on the net asset value of your shares
at the time of purchase or at the time of sale, whichever is less. The charge
does not apply to shares you acquired by reinvesting your dividend or capital
gain distributions.
To help you lower your costs, shares that are not subject to a CDSC will be
sold first. Other shares will then be sold in an order that minimizes your CDSC.
Letter of Intent
If you sell your shares within 12 months of fulfilling a letter of intent, you
will be charged a CDSC.
Exchanges
No CDSC is charged if you exchange shares that were originally purchased without
a sales charge, unless you sell your new shares within 12 months of your
original purchase.
CDSC Waivers
If you purchased your shares through a Special Purchase Plan, the CDSC will be
waived. In addition, the charge will be waived:
- - Due to death or disability of the shareholder.
- - If your account balance falls below $200 and your account is liquidated.
TAKING SYSTEMATIC WITHDRAWALS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If your account has a value of $5,000 or more, you can make automatic
withdrawals from your account. You may withdraw $100 or more monthly, quarterly,
or semiannually by authorizing the sale of the appropriate number of shares on
a periodic basis. To set up systematic withdrawals, contact your broker.
You should not make systematic withdrawals if you plan to continue investing in
the fund, due to sales charges and tax liabilities.
REINVESTING AFTER A SALE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you sell class A shares, you may reinvest in class A shares of that fund or
in class A shares of another Piper fund within 30 days without a sales charge.
If the shares you sold were subject to a CDSC, that charge will be credited to
your account and the reinvested shares will continue to be subject to the CDSC.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11 Prospectus - Tax-Exempt Income Funds
<PAGE>
GENERAL INFORMATION
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HOW THE FUNDS ARE ORGANIZED
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National Tax-Exempt Fund and Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund are series of Piper Funds
Inc., an open-end investment company. National Tax-Exempt Fund is a diversified
fund. Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund is nondiversified, which means it may invest its
assets in the securities of a limited number of issuers.
Voting Rights
Although the funds are not required by law to hold annual meetings, they may
hold shareholder meetings from time to time on important matters. In addition,
shareholders have the right to call a meeting under certain circumstances. When
your fund holds a meeting, you will receive a proxy statement requesting your
vote. You have one vote for each share you own.
Fund Objectives
Each fund's investment objective is fundamental and may be changed only with
shareholder approval.
HOW THE FUNDS ARE MANAGED
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The funds are governed by a board of directors, which is responsible for
protecting the interests of shareholders. Directors meet periodically throughout
the year to oversee the funds' activities, review their performance and review
the actions of the funds' adviser. Although the board may include individuals
who are affiliated with the adviser, the majority of board members must be
independent. The board has retained the companies listed below to manage the
funds' operations.
Investment Adviser
Piper Capital Management Incorporated
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
As investment adviser, Piper Capital manages the funds' business and investment
activities, subject to the authority of the board of directors. Each fund pays
Piper Capital a monthly management fee for providing investment advisory
services. See "Shareholder Expenses" in the "Fund Descriptions" section of this
prospectus for more information.
Piper Capital also is investment adviser to the other Piper Funds, to a number
of closed-end investment companies and to various institutions, corporations and
individuals. Piper Capital has approximately $9 billion under management and is
a wholly owned subsidiary of Piper Jaffray Companies Inc., a full-service
investment company.
Distributor
Piper Jaffray Inc.
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
Piper Jaffray is the principal distributor of the funds' shares. Other
brokerage firms that have a sales agreement with Piper Jaffray may also sell
fund shares. Piper Jaffray is a wholly owned subsidiary of Piper Jaffray
Companies and an affiliate of Piper Capital.
Custodian and Record Keeping Agent
Investors Fiduciary Trust Company (IFTC)
127 West Tenth Street
Kansas City, MO 64105
As the funds custodian and record keeping agent, IFTC holds the funds, portfolio
securities, settles trades, collects data needed to calculate net asset values,
and provides record-keeping.
Transfer Agents
IFTC (address listed above)
Piper Jaffray (address listed above)
Piper Trust Company
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
The funds' transfer agents pay dividends and other distributions. Piper
Jaffray and Piper Trust provide transfer agent services for shareholders
whose accounts are held at those companies. IFTC provides these services for
all other shareholder accounts.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12 Prospectus - Tax-Exempt Income Funds
<PAGE>
GENERAL INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HOW DEALERS ARE COMPENSATED
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Piper Jaffray and other brokerage firms which sell fund shares receive
compensation in several ways. A portion of this compensation is typically passed
along to your broker.
Sales Commissions
Piper Jaffray receives the sales charge that you pay when you purchase fund
shares. If you purchased your shares from another brokerage firm, that firm
retains a portion of the sales charge. If your purchase of fund shares was not
subject to a front-end sales charge, Piper Jaffray may receive a fee from Piper
Capital equal to a percentage of the purchase price. Piper Jaffray also receives
any CDSC imposed when you sell your shares.
12b-1 Fees
Piper Jaffray receives 12b-1 fees from each fund for providing distribution-
related services and for servicing shareholder accounts. Fees are established
under each fund's 12b-1 plan, which is approved by the board. Piper Jaffray is
currently voluntarily limiting the 12b-1 fees it receives from the funds. The
funds pay 12b-1 fees to Piper Jaffray quarterly, at the following annual rates:
12b-1 Fee
-----------------------------------------
Before Limitation After Limitation
-----------------------------------------
As a % of net assets. . . . . . . . 0.30% 0.24%
For each fund, Piper Jaffray pays a portion of its 12b-1 fee to brokerage firms
which have sold shares of that fund. Firms receive an annual fee equal to 0.20%
of the fund's average daily net assets attributable to shares sold by the firm's
brokers. Piper Jaffray also uses 12b-1 fees to pay other distribution expenses
and shareholder servicing costs, such as printing and promotional costs.
Other Compensation
In addition to the compensation discussed above, Piper Jaffray and Piper Capital
may provide promotional incentives to brokers. These incentives, which may be
available only to brokers who have sold significant amounts of fund shares, may
include payment for travel expenses in connection with sales seminars, including
lodging at luxury resorts.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The tax-exempt income funds purchase most of their portfolio securities directly
from the issuer or from an underwriter or market maker, and not from a broker
acting as an agent. However, the funds may from time to time use brokers when
buying portfolio securities. When deciding which brokers to use, Piper Capital
may consider whether brokers have sold shares of the funds or any other Piper
funds. Piper Capital may place trades through Piper Jaffray in compliance with
1940 Act rules.
NET ASSET VALUE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net asset value per share is calculated by dividing the total market value of
the fund's investments and other assets, less any liabilities, by the number of
fund shares. The values of securities within a fund's portfolio are determined
by:
- - An independent pricing service, or
- - Through market quotations obtained from one or more dealers who make a
market in the securities or from a widely used quotation system.
- - Occasionally, if prices are not available from the above sources or are
determined to be unreliable, securities will be priced at "fair market
value" according to procedures approved by the board of directors.
Net asset value is calculated as of the regular close of the New York Stock
Exchange (typically 4 p.m. Eastern Time) on each day the exchange is open for
trading.
PENDING LAWSUITS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following two complaints, which are based on allegations of
misrepresentation and improper management, are pending relating to the
Intermediate Bond Fund (formerly Institutional Government Income Portfolio).
1) Filed April 11, 1995, by Frank R. Berman, Trustee of Frank R. Berman
Professional CP Pension Plan Trust. First filed in Minnesota State District
Court, Hennepin County, and moved to U.S. District Court, District of Minnesota.
Defendants include Piper Funds Inc., Piper Jaffray and certain persons
affiliated or formerly affiliated with Piper Capital and Piper Jaffray.
2) Filed June 22, 1995, by Beverly Muth, in the Montana Thirteenth Judicial
District Court, Yellowstone County. Filed against Piper Jaffray and an
affiliated person.
Piper Capital and Piper Jaffray are also subject to an investigation by the
Securities and Exchange Commission, which began February 21, 1995, related to
various funds and assets managed by Piper Capital.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13 Prospectus - Tax-Exempt Income Funds
<PAGE>
Tax-Exempt Income Funds - Prospectus
FOR MORE INFORMATION
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Annual/Semiannual Reports
Shareholder reports include financial statements and performance information on
the funds, a message from your portfolio manager, and, on an annual basis, the
auditor's report.
Statement of Additional Information (SAI)
The SAI contains more detailed information about the funds. A current SAI has
been filed with the SEC and is incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
To order free copies, please write or call:
Piper Capital Management
Attn: Mutual Fund Services
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
1 800 866-7778
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[LOGO] PIPER FUNDS 222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
#30500 11/1997 223-97
<PAGE>
PROSPECTUS
Prospectus - Cash Management Funds
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___________, 1997
[LOGO]
CASH MANAGEMENT FUNDS
MONEY MARKET FUND (Class A and Class B Shares)
- ---------------------------------------------------
TAX-EXEMPT MONEY MARKET FUND (Class A Shares)
- ---------------------------------------------------
U.S. GOVERNMENT MONEY MARKET FUND (Class A Shares)
- ---------------------------------------------------
BEFORE YOU INVEST:
PLEASE READ THIS PROSPECTUS CAREFULLY, AND KEEP IT FOR FUTURE REFERENCE. IT
CONTAINS IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS, INCLUDING INFORMATION ON
INVESTMENT POLICIES, RISKS AND FEES.
INVESTMENTS IN THESE FUNDS ARE NOT INSURED OR GUARANTEED BY THE U.S. GOVERNMENT
OR ANY OTHER ENTITY. THERE IS NO ASSURANCE THAT THE FUNDS WILL BE ABLE TO
MAINTAIN A STABLE NET ASSET VALUE OF $1 PER SHARE.
AS WITH ALL MUTUAL FUNDS, THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED
BY THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (SEC) OR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION NOR HAS THE SEC OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE
ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
<PAGE>
[LOGO]
CONTENTS
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INVESTING IN PIPER CASH MANAGEMENT FUNDS . . . . 1
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
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MONEY MARKET FUND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Investment objectives and
TAX-EXEMPT MONEY MARKET FUND . . . . . . . . . . 4 policies, risk
U.S. GOVERNMENT MONEY MARKET FUND. . . . . . . . 6 considerations, portfolio
managers, shareholder
expenses and financial
highlights
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
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INVESTMENT SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES . . . . . . 8 An overview of securities
RISK FACTORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 and investment techniques
that may be used by the
funds and their risks
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
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BUYING SHARES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Practical information to
Calculating Your Purchase Price help you manage your
Investing Automatically investment in Piper Funds
HOLDING SHARES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Receiving Dividends and Other Distributions
Taxing of Dividends and Other Distributions
Exchanging Shares
Making Transactions by Phone
Staying Informed
SELLING SHARES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Receiving the Proceeds
Paying the Contingent Deferred Sales Charge
(CDSC) on Class B Shares
GENERAL INFORMATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
<PAGE>
INVESTING IN PIPER
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CASH MANAGEMENT
FUNDS
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PIPER CASH MANAGEMENT FUNDS PROVIDE YOU WITH A LIQUID INVESTMENT DESIGNED TO
OFFER CURRENT INCOME WHILE PRESERVING YOUR CAPITAL. MONEY MARKET FUND,
U.S. GOVERNMENT MONEY MARKET FUND AND TAX-EXEMPT MONEY MARKET FUND ARE ADVISED
BY PIPER CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INCORPORATED.
BEFORE YOU INVEST:
KNOW YOUR GOALS
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A Piper Cash Management Fund can complement your investment portfolio by:
- - Giving you easy access to your cash reserves.
- - Providing an interest-earning parking spot when you are between investments.
- - Offering a conservative alternative for a portion of your investable assets.
Individuals in high tax brackets should consider Tax-Exempt Money Market
Fund. If you have ample liquid assets and are investing for the long term,
consider diversifying your portfolio with other investments as well. Money
market funds may not have the earning power you need to keep ahead of
inflation.
UNDERSTAND THE RISKS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
While mutual funds are a convenient and potentially rewarding way to invest,
they do not always meet their objectives. Please remember: Investments in these
funds are neither insured nor guaranteed by the U.S. government or any other
entity. There is no assurance that the funds will maintain a stable net asset
value of $1 per share. The risks associated with these funds are outlined in the
following pages.
USE YOUR PROSPECTUS
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Please read this prospectus carefully and keep it on file for future reference.
Additional information is available from your broker or by calling Piper Capital
at 1 800 866-7778.
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1 Prospectus - Cash Management Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
MONEY MARKET FUND
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Money Market Fund seeks maximum current income consistent with preservation of
capital and maintenance
of liquidity.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
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Money Market Fund invests in a variety of U.S. dollar-denominated money market
securities, including:
- - Securities issued by the U.S. government and its agencies and
instrumentalities
- - Obligations of foreign governments and any of their political subdivisions,
agencies and instrumentalities
- - Obligations of supranational entities such as the World Bank
- - Obligations of domestic and foreign banks (including certificates of deposit,
bank notes, commercial paper, time deposits and bankers' acceptances)
- - Domestic and foreign corporate obligations, including commercial paper, notes
and bonds
- - Asset-backed securities
- - Participation interests in securities in which the fund may invest
- - Repurchase agreements
The fund invests only in high-quality securities. Generally, it may purchase
only securities rated, or issued by an entity with comparable securities rated,
within the two highest short-term rating categories of one or more nationally
recognized rating agencies. The fund may purchase unrated securities if the
adviser judges them to be comparable in quality. No more than 5% of the fund's
total assets may be invested in securities that were rated in the second highest
short-term rating category at the time of their purchase, or that were unrated
and determined by the adviser to be of comparable quality. The rest of the
fund's investments must be in the highest short-term rating category (or be
unrated equivalents).
The fund invests only in securities that mature in 397 calendar days or less and
it maintains an average weighted maturity of 90 days or less. The fund's
investments include securities with variable or floating interest rates. The
maturities of these securities are determined according to federal rules which
allow the fund to consider some variable or floating rate securities as having
maturities shorter than their stated maturity dates.
RISK CONSIDERATIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The fund seeks to maintain a stable share price of $1. However, there may be
situations where the fund's share price could fall below $1, which would reduce
the value of your account.
The level of income you receive from the fund will be affected by movements in
short-term interest rates.
Foreign securities in which the fund invests, although dollar denominated, may
present some additional risk, as may other investment securities and techniques
used by the fund. See pages 8-9 for more information.
PORTFOLIO MANAGER
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NANCY OLSEN is director of the cash management team and a senior vice president
of Piper Capital. She joined the adviser in 1987 and has managed the fund since
its inception. She has 19 years of financial experience.
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SHAREHOLDER EXPENSES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As a shareholder, you pay expenses both directly and indirectly. Figures below
show expenses for the past year.
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES CLASS A CLASS B
------------------
Maximum front-end sales charge on purchases. . . . . . . . . none none
AS A % OF OFFERING PRICE
Maximum deferred sales charge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . none 4.00%
AS A % OF NET ASSET VALUE AT PURCHASE
OR REDEMPTION (WHICHEVER IS LESS)
FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (AS A % OF AVERAGE NET ASSETS)
Management fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.38% 0.38%
12b-1 fee (after class A share fee limitation)(1). . . . . . 0.20% 1.00%
Other expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . % %
----- -----
Total operating expenses (after fee limitation)(1) . . . . . % %
(1) If Piper Jaffray had not voluntarily limited fees, the class A share 12b-1
fee would have been 0.30% and total operating expenses would have been ___%
for class A shares. The 12b-1 fees for class B shares have not been
voluntarily limited. Fee limitations and expense reimbursements reflected
in the table may be discontinued at any time after fiscal 1998 year end.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPENSES ON A $1,000 INVESTMENT
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The example below shows the expenses you would pay on a $1,000 investment over
various time periods. It assumes you reinvested all distributions and received a
5% annual return. PLEASE NOTE: THIS IS ONLY AN EXAMPLE AND SHOULD NOT BE
CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF PAST OR FUTURE EXPENSES. ACTUAL EXPENSES COULD
VARY.
CLASS A CLASS B CLASS B
Assuming redemption Assuming
at end of period no redemption
--------------------------------------------
1 year . . . . . . . $ $ $
3 years. . . . . . . $ $ $
5 years. . . . . . . $ $ $
10 years . . . . . . $ $(2) $(2)
(2) Assumes class B shares are purchased on January 1 and convert to class A
shares at the beginning of the sixth full calendar year following the year
of purchase.
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2 Prospectus - Cash Management Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
MONEY MARKET FUND (continued)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS The following information has been audited by KPMG Peat
Marwick LLP, independent auditors.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fiscal year ended September 30,
1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE DATA
Net asset value, beginning of period . . . . . $ 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Operations:
Net investment income . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.08
Distributions from net investment income . . . (0.05) (0.05) (0.03) (0.02) (0.04) (0.06) (0.08) (0.08)
Net asset value, end of period . . . . . . . . $ 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
TOTAL RETURN(2) [BAR GRAPH]. . . . . . . . . . 4.79% 5.05% 2.98% 2.45% 3.87% 6.34% 7.88% 8.60%
SELECTED INFORMATION
Net assets, end of period (in millions). . . . $ 1,966 1,703 1,185 1,106 1,096 1,242 1,176 1,004
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . % 0.84% 0.92% 0.93% 0.96% 0.90% 0.89% 0.91% 1.00%
Ratio of net investment income to average
daily net assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . % 4.73% 4.94% 2.90% 2.42% 3.66% 6.06% 7.56% 8.32%
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets before waivers(4). . . . . . . . . . . % 0.94% 1.02% 1.03% 1.06% 1.00% 0.98% 1.00% 1.10%
Ratio of net investment income to average
daily net assets before waivers(4). . . . . . % 4.63% 4.84% 2.80% 2.32% 3.56% 5.97% 7.47% 8.22%
<CAPTION>
Period from Period from
11/1/87 to 3/16/87(1) to
9/30/88 10/31/87
-------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
PER SHARE DATA
Net asset value, beginning of period . . . . . 1.00 1.00
Operations:
Net investment income . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.06 0.04
Distributions from net investment income . . . (0.06) (0.04)
Net asset value, end of period . . . . . . . . 1.00 1.00
TOTAL RETURN(2) [BAR GRAPH]. . . . . . . . . . 6.02% 3.70%
SELECTED INFORMATION
Net assets, end of period (in millions). . . . 583 215
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.05%(3) 0.74%(3)
Ratio of net investment income to average
daily net assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.45%(3) 6.29%(3)
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets before waivers(4). . . . . . . . . . . 1.10%(3) 1.35%(3)
Ratio of net investment income to average
daily net assets before waivers(4). . . . . . 6.40%(3) 5.68%(3)
</TABLE>
(1) Commencement of operations.
(2) Total return is based on the change in net asset value, assumes
reinvestment of all distributions and does not reflect a sales charge.
(3) Annualized.
(4) During the periods shown, the distributor voluntary limited the fund's
distribution fee. In addition, other various fees and expenses were
voluntary waived or absorbed by the adviser during fiscal 1987. Had the
minimum distribution fee been in effect and the fund paid all fees and
expenses, the ratios of expenses and net investment income to average daily
net assets would have been as shown.
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3 Prospectus - Cash Management Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
TAX-EXEMPT MONEYMARKET FUND
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund seeks a high level of current income exempt from
federal income taxes, consistent with the preservation of capital and the
maintenance of liquidity.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Under normal market conditions, Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund will invest at
least 80% of its total assets in high-quality, short-term municipal securities
exempt from federal income tax, including the federal alternative minimum tax.
Municipal securities are issued by state and local governments (as well as
certain U.S. territorial possessions) to obtain funds for various public
purposes, including the construction of airports, highways, hospitals and
schools.
The balance of the fund's total assets may be invested in taxable money market
securities and municipal securities subject to the alternative minimum tax. For
temporary defensive purposes, the fund's investment in these securities may
exceed 20% when, in the opinion of the adviser, it is advisable in light of
economic or market conditions. Any taxable money market securities purchased by
the fund will be of the types described for Money Market Fund, except that
Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund may not invest more than 5% of its total assets in
foreign securities.
All of the securities that the fund purchases, or that underlie its repurchase
agreements, are U.S. dollar-denominated and are considered to be high quality.
These securities are generally rated, or issued by an entity with comparable
securities rated, within the two highest short-term rating categories of one or
more nationally recognized rating agencies. In addition, the fund may purchase
unrated securities if the adviser judges them to be comparable in quality.
The fund invests only in securities that mature in 397 calendar days or less and
it maintains an average weighted maturity of 90 days or less. The fund's
investments include securities with variable or floating interest rates. The
maturities of these securities are determined according to federal rules which
allow the fund to consider some variable or floating rate securities as having
maturities shorter than their stated maturity dates.
The fund may invest in repurchase agreements, may purchase and sell securities
on a when-issued or forward commitment basis, and may purchase municipal
securities which include a put feature (the right to resell the security at a
specified price within a specified period of time prior to maturity.)
RISK CONSIDERATIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The fund seeks to maintain a stable share price of $1. However, there may be
situations where the fund's share price could fall below $1, which would reduce
the value of your account.
The level of income you receive from the fund will be affected by movements in
short-term interest rates.
The investment securities and techniques used by the fund present other risks as
well. See pages 8-9 for more information.
PORTFOLIO MANAGER
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DOUG WHITE, CFA, is a senior vice president of Piper Capital. He joined the
adviser in 1987 and has managed the fund since inception. He has 14 years of
financial experience.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHAREHOLDER EXPENSES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As a shareholder, you pay expenses both directly and indirectly. Figures below
show expenses for the past year.
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES
Maximum front-end sales charge on purchases. . . . . . . . . . . none
AS A % OF OFFERING PRICE
Maximum deferred sales charge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . none
AS A % OF NET ASSET VALUE AT PURCHASE
OR REDEMPTION (WHICHEVER IS LESS)
FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (AS A % OF AVERAGE NET ASSETS)
Management fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50%
12b-1 fee (after class A share fee limitation)(1) . . . . . . . 0.20%
Other expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . %
-----
Total operating expenses (after fee limitation)(1) . . . . . . . %
(1) If Piper Jaffray had not voluntarily limited fees, the12b-1 fee would have
been 0.30% and total operating expenses, ___%. Voluntary 12b-1 fee
limitations may be discontinued at any time after fiscal 1998 year end.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPENSES ON A $1,000 INVESTMENT
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The example below shows the expenses you would pay on a $1,000 investment over
various time periods. It assumes you reinvested all distributions and received a
5% annual return. PLEASE NOTE: THIS IS ONLY AN EXAMPLE AND SHOULD NOT BE
CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF PAST OR FUTURE EXPENSES. ACTUAL EXPENSES COULD
VARY.
1 year . . . . . . . . . $
3 years. . . . . . . . . $
5 years. . . . . . . . . $
10 years . . . . . . . . $
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4 Prospectus - Cash Management Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
TAX-EXEMPT MONEY MARKET FUND (continued)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS The following information has been audited by KPMG Peat
Marwick LLP, independent auditors.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Period from
Fiscal year ended September 30, 7/5/88(1) to
1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 9/30/88
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE DATA
Net asset value, beginning of period . . . $ 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Operations:
Net investment income . . . . . . . . . . 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.01
Distributions from net investment
income(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (0.03) (0.03) (0.02) (0.02) (0.03) (0.04) (0.05) (0.06) (0.01)
Net asset value, end of period . . . . . . $ 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
TOTAL RETURN(3) [BAR GRAPH]. . . . . . . . 2.80% 3.02% 1.82% 1.87% 3.07% 4.54% 5.41% 5.76% 1.21%
SELECTED INFORMATION
Net assets, end of period (in millions). . $ 210 206 178 169 158 134 116 84 36
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . % 0.90% 0.91% 0.90% 0.92% 0.88% 0.87% 0.89% 0.90% 0.90%(4)
Ratio of net investment income to average
daily net assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . % 2.76% 2.97% 1.80% 1.83% 2.91% 4.37% 5.34% 5.63% 4.99%(4)
Ratio of expenses to average daily net
assets before waivers(5). . . . . . . . . % 1.00% 1.01% 1.00% 1.02% 0.98% 0.96% 0.98% 1.04% 1.44%(4)
Ratio of net investment income to average
daily net assets before waivers(5). . . % 2.66% 2.87% 1.70% 1.73% 2.81% 4.28% 5.25% 5.49% 4.45%(4)
</TABLE>
(1) Commencement of operations.
(2) Distribution for net investment income that are taxable for federal and
state income tax purposes were: $0.000, $0.0001, $0.000, $0.000, $0.0001,
$0.0002, $$0.0003, $0.0010 and $0.0030 per share for the years ended
September 30, 1996 through 1989, respectively and for the period ended
September 30, 1988.
(3) Total return is based on the change in net asset value, assumes
reinvestment of all distributions and does not reflect a sales charge.
(4) Annualized.
(5) During the periods shown, the distributor voluntary limited the fund's
distribution fee. In addition, other various fees and expenses were
voluntary waived or absorbed by the adviser during fiscal 1990. Had the
minimum distribution fee been in effect and the fund paid all fees and
expenses, the ratios of expenses and net investment income to average daily
net assets would have been as shown.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 Prospectus - Cash Management Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
U.S. GOVERNMENT MONEY MARKET FUND
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. Government Money Market Fund seeks maximum current income consistent with
preservation of capital and maintenance of liquidity through investment in
short-term U.S. government securities.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. Government Money Market Fund invests only in securities that are issued or
guaranteed as to payment of principal and interest by the U.S. government, its
agencies or instrumentalities, and repurchase agreements with respect to those
securities. Not all of these securities are backed by the full faith and credit
of the U.S. government.
The fund invests only in securities that mature in 397 calendar days or less and
it maintains an average weighted maturity of 90 days or less. The fund's
investments include securities with variable or floating interest rates. The
maturities of these securities are determined according to federal rules which
allow the fund to consider some variable or floating rate securities as having
maturities shorter than their stated maturity dates.
RISK CONSIDERATIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The fund seeks to maintain a stable share price of $1. However, there may be
situations where the fund's share price could fall below $1, which would reduce
the value of your account.
The level of income you receive from the fund will be affected by movements in
short-term interest rates.
By investing solely in U.S. government and agency securities and repurchase
agreements for those securities, the fund may offer less income than a money
market fund investing in other high-quality money market securities.
PLEASE REMEMBER: THE GOVERNMENT'S GUARANTEE DOES NOT EXTEND TO
THE FUND ITSELF. NOR DOES IT COVER THE MARKET VALUE OR CURRENT YIELD OF
GOVERNMENT SECURITIES.
The investment securities and techniques used by the fund present other risks as
well. See pages 8-9 for more information.
PORTFOLIO MANAGER
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NANCY OLSEN is director of the cash management team and a senior vice president
of Piper Capital. She joined the adviser in 1987 and has managed the fund since
its inception. She has 19 years of financial experience.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHAREHOLDER EXPENSES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As a shareholder, you pay expenses both directly and indirectly. Figures below
show expenses for the past year.
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES
Maximum front-end sales charge on purchases. . . . . . . . . . . none
AS A % OF OFFERING PRICE
Maximum deferred sales charge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . none
AS A % OF NET ASSET VALUE AT PURCHASE
OR REDEMPTION (WHICHEVER IS LESS)
FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (AS A % OF AVERAGE NET ASSETS)
Management fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50%
12b-1 fee (after class A share fee limitation)(1) . . . . . . . 0.20%
Other expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . %
-----
Total operating expenses (after fee limitation)(1). . . . . . . %
(1) If Piper Jaffray had not voluntarily limited fees, the 12b-1 fee would have
been 0.30% and total operating expenses, ___%. Voluntary 12b-1 fee
limitations may be discontinued at any time after fiscal 1998 year end.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPENSES ON A $1,000 INVESTMENT
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The example below shows the expenses you would pay on a $1,000 investment over
various time periods. It assumes you reinvested all distributions and received a
5% annual return. PLEASE NOTE: THIS IS ONLY AN EXAMPLE AND SHOULD NOT BE
CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF PAST OR FUTURE EXPENSES. ACTUAL EXPENSES COULD
VARY.
1 year . . . . . . . . . $
3 years. . . . . . . . . $
5 years. . . . . . . . . $
10 years . . . . . . . . $
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6 Prospectus - Cash Management Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DESCRIPTIONS
U.S. GOVERNMENT MONEY MARKET FUND (continued)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS The following information has been audited by KPMG Peat Marwick LLP, independent auditors.
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Period from
Fiscal year ended September 30, 7/5/88(1) to
1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 9/30/88
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE DATA
Net asset value, beginning of period . . $ 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Operations:
Net investment income . . . . . . . . . 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.01
Distributions from net investment income (0.05) (0.05) (0.03) (0.02) (0.04) (0.06) (0.08) (0.08) (0.01)
Net asset value, end of period . . . . . $ 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
TOTAL RETURN(2) [BAR GRAPH]. . . . . . . 4.72 4.99% 2.98% 2.51% 3.78% 6.05% 7.80% 8.37% 1.28%
SELECTED INFORMATION
Net assets, end of period (in millions). $ 291 256 185 195 191 199 112 46 17
Ratio of expenses to average daily
net assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . % 0.90% 0.91% 0.92% 0.93% 0.90% 0.88% 0.91% 0.90% 0.90%(3)
Ratio of net investment income to average
daily net assets. . . . . . . . . . . % 4.62% 4.90% 2.88% 2.41% 3.58% 5.84% 7.35% 8.17% 7.16%(3)
Ratio of expenses to average daily
net assets before waivers(4). . . . . % 1.00% 1.01% 1.02% 1.03% 1.00% 0.97% 1.05% 1.29% 2.08%(3)
Ratio of net investment income to average
daily net assets before waivers(4). . % 4.52% 4.80% 2.78% 2.31% 3.48% 5.75% 7.21% 7.78% 5.98%(3)
</TABLE>
(1) Commencement of operations.
(2) Total return is based on the change in net asset value, assumes
reinvestment of all distributions and does not reflect a sales charge.
(3) Annualized.
(4) During the periods shown, the distributor voluntary limited the fund's
distribution fee. In addition, other various fees and expenses were
voluntary waived or absorbed by the adviser during fiscal 1991. Had the
minimum distribution fee been in effect and the fund paid all fees and
expenses, the ratios of expenses and net investment income to average daily
net assets would have been as shown.
7 Prospectus - Cash Management Funds
<PAGE>
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
INVESTMENT SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This table lists investment securities and techniques used by the funds and
notes any investment limitations as a percentage of portfolio assets. It also
lists the principal risk factors, which are explained in greater detail on the
following pages.
10 Percent of total assets
/10/ Percent of net assets
y Permitted without limitation
/y/ Permitted, but not typically used
n Not permitted
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
U.S. GOVERNMENT TAX-EXEMPT MONEY
MONEY MARKET FUND MARKET FUND MONEY MARKET FUND
----------------- ---------------- ------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
INVESTMENT SECURITIES
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ILLIQUID SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . /10/ /10/ /10/
cannot be sold in the ordinary course of business
within seven days at approximately the price at
which they are valued. This includes Rule 144A
securities unless they are determined to be
liquid under procedures adopted by the board of
directors. Liquidity, Market
INVESTMENT TECHNIQUES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BORROWING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 1/3 20 10
is permitted for temporary or emergency
purposes only. Interest paid on borrowed funds
reduces earnings. Each fund's policy on borrowing
cannot be changed without shareholder approval.
Leverage
INDUSTRY CONCENTRATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n n(1) n
The investment by a fund of 25% or more of its
total assets in any one industry. Market, Opportunity
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y y y
The fund purchases securities on the condition that
the seller will buy them back at a set time and
price, plus interest. Credit
REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . /y/ /y/ /y/
The fund sells securities and agrees to buy them back
at a set time and price, plus interest. Leverage
WHEN-ISSUED AND FORWARD COMMITMENTS . . . . . . . . n y n
The purchase or sale of a security at a future date
for a predetermined price. Securities may decrease
in value prior to their delivery. Market,
Opportunity, Leverage
</TABLE>
(1)Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund does not intend to invest more than 25% of its
total assets in securities of governmental units located in any one state,
territory or possession of the United States. In addition, the fund will not
invest more than 25% of its total assets in limited obligation bonds payable
only from revenues derived from facilities or projects within a single industry,
provided that bonds that have been refunded with escrowed U.S. government
securities will not be subject to this limitation. Gas, electric, telephone,
telegraph, satellite and microwave communications companies are considered
separate industries.
8 Prospectus - Cash Management Funds
<PAGE>
FUND DETAILS
RISK FACTORS
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
A SUMMARY OF THE PRINCIPAL RISKS WHICH APPLY TO EACH FUND IS PROVIDED IN "FUND
DESCRIPTIONS." MORE DETAIL REGARDING THESE AND OTHER RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH
INVESTMENT SECURITIES AND TECHNIQUES USED BY PIPER MONEY MARKET FUNDS IS
PROVIDED BELOW.
CREDIT RISK
The issuer of a security, or the other party to a contract, such as a repurchase
agreement, could default on its financial obligation causing a loss in a fund's
portfolio.
FOREIGN ISSUER RISK
Securities of foreign issuers, even when dollar-denominated and publicly traded
in the United States, may involve risks not associated with the securities of
domestic issuers. For certain foreign countries, political or social instability
or diplomatic developments could adversely affect the securities. There is also
the risk of loss due to governmental actions such as a change in tax statutes or
the modification of individual property rights. In addition, individual foreign
economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy.
LEVERAGE RISK
Leverage magnifies exposure to the potential risks and rewards of a particular
investment. If a security or investment practice involves leverage, small market
movements can result in large changes in market value.
LIQUIDITY RISK
A fund may not be able to sell a security at the desired time and price. It may
have to accept a lower price or sell other securities instead at a time when the
sale of those securities might not be advantageous. The sale of illiquid
securities often requires more time and results in higher selling expenses than
the sale of liquid securities. Investing in Rule 144A securities could have the
effect of increasing the level of fund illiquidity to the extent that qualified
institutional buyers become, for a time, uninterested in purchasing these
securities.
MARKET RISK
All stocks and bonds may decline in price over short or extended periods of
time. Price changes may affect the market as a whole, or they may affect only a
particular issuer, industry or sector of the market.
OPPORTUNITY RISK
The risk of having to forego an investment opportunity because assets are tied
up in a less beneficial investment.
9 Prospectus - Cash Management Funds
<PAGE>
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
BUYING SHARES
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
YOU MAY BECOME A SHAREHOLDER IN PIPER FUNDS WITH AN INITIAL INVESTMENT OF $250
OR MORE. ADD TO YOUR EXISTING INVESTMENT WITH ANY AMOUNT, AT ANY TIME. SIMPLY
CALL YOUR PIPER JAFFRAY INVESTMENT EXECUTIVE OR ANOTHER AUTHORIZED BROKERAGE
FIRM.
CALCULATING YOUR PURCHASE PRICE
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Your purchase price will be equal to the next net asset value of your shares
calculated after your broker receives your purchase order. The net asset value
of each share is equal to the market value of the fund's investments and other
assets, less any liabilities, divided by the number of fund shares. Each fund's
net asset value is normally expected to be $1 per share.
Money Market Fund offers class A and class B shares. Tax-Exempt Money Market
Fund and U.S. Government Money Market Fund offer a single class of shares called
"class A shares" in this prospectus.
CLASS A SHARES
Class A shares of the cash management funds are offered at net asset value with
no initial or contingent deferred sales charge. They are, however, subject to
annual 12b-1 fees of 0.30% of average daily net assets.
CLASS B SHARES
MONEY MARKET FUND CLASS B SHARES ARE AVAILABLE ONLY IN EXCHANGE
FOR CLASS B SHARES OF ANOTHER PIPER FUND.
Money Market Fund class B shares are offered at net asset value with no initial
sales charge. However, class B shares are subject to a contingent deferred sales
charge of up to 4% and are subject to annual 12b-1 fees of 1.00% of average
daily net assets.
INVESTING AUTOMATICALLY
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CASH MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
If you are a Piper Jaffray client with a signed Piper Automated Transfer (PAT)
agreement, you may purchase class A shares of the cash management funds through
your PAT account or PAT Plus Account. Each of these accounts is a conventional
securities account that may be used to buy and sell securities. Available cash
in the account is automatically invested in shares of the cash management fund
you specify. Shares of the fund are redeemed automatically at net asset value if
cash is needed to pay debits in your account. See your PAT or PAT Plus account
agreement for details of the account.
AUTOMATIC MONTHLY INVESTMENT PROGRAMS
To purchase class A shares as part of a savings discipline, you may
automatically transfer $100 or more each month to any Piper fund from your bank,
savings and loan or other financial institution.
10 Prospectus - Cash Management Funds
<PAGE>
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
HOLDING SHARES
RECEIVING DIVIDENDS AND OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dividends from a fund's net investment income will be declared daily and
reinvested in additional shares of the fund monthly. Net investment income for
Saturdays, Sundays, and other days the New York Stock Exchange is closed will be
declared as dividends on the prior business day. Each daily dividend is payable
to fund shareholders of record at the time it is declared. Net realized capital
gains of each fund, if any, will be declared and reinvested in additional fund
shares at least annually.
CLASS B SHAREHOLDERS GENERALLY WILL RECEIVE LOWER PER SHARE DIVIDENDS
THAN CLASS A SHAREHOLDERS BECAUSE OF THE HIGHER EXPENSES APPLICABLE
TO CLASS B SHARES.
TAXING OF DIVIDENDS AND OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Each fund has qualified, and intends to continue qualifying, for taxation as a
regulated investment company. As long as a fund continues to qualify, it will
not be subject to federal income tax to the extent its income is distributed to
shareholders.
For Money Market Fund and U.s. Government Money Market Fund, dividends you
receive from the fund are generally taxable as ordinary income whether you
reinvest them or take them in cash. Dividends attributable to income from U.S.
government securities may be exempt from state personal income taxes. You should
consult your tax adviser for more information.
Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund intends to meet certain federal tax requirements so
that distributions of tax-exempt interest income may be treated as
"exempt-interest dividends." these dividends are not subject to regular federal
tax. However, the fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in municipal
securities subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. Any portion of
exempt-interest dividends attributable to interest on these securities may
increase some shareholders' alternative minimum tax.
EXCHANGING SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If your investment goals or your financial needs change, you may move your
shares from one piper fund to another, if the shares of that fund are legally
available in your state. There is no fee to exchange shares.
You may exchange your class A shares only for class A shares of another Piper
fund. Your class B Money Market Fund shares may be exchanged only for class b
shares of another fund. However, please note that not all Piper funds offer
class B shares.
Exchanges between the cash management funds are made based on the net asset
value per share of each fund at the time of the exchange. Exchanges from a cash
management fund into a fund which imposes a front-end sales charge will
generally require payment of the sales charge, except in cases where you
originally purchased shares of a piper fund subject to a sales charge and then
exchanged into a cash management fund. In that case, you will be required to pay
a sales charge equal to the difference between the sales charge on the exchange
purchase and the sales charge on the original purchase. If you exchange less
than all of your shares of a cash management fund, shares which may be exchanged
at net asset value without payment of any sales charge will be exchanged first.
Before exchanging into any fund, be sure to read its Prospectus carefully.
MAKING TRANSACTIONS BY PHONE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You may buy or sell shares over the phone by calling your broker. If you hold
your shares with Investors Fiduciary Trust Company (IFTC) or with a brokerage
firm other than Piper Jaffray, you may also buy or sell shares by calling IFTC
at 1 800 874-6205, provided you have authorized telephone privileges in your
Account Application and Services form.
For your protection, IFTC will attempt to verify your identity by asking for
your account number, Social Security number or other form of personal
identification. If reasonable care is taken to identify you as the caller,
neither IFTC nor the funds will be liable for losses to your account resulting
from an unauthorized telephone transaction. Payments which result from telephone
transactions will be made only to the address of record or the bank account
designated on your Account Application and Services form.
STAYING INFORMED
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Piper Capital offers a variety of resources to help keep you informed. If you
would like more information, please contact your broker or call Mutual Fund
Services at 1 800 866-7778. As a shareholder, you automatically receive the
following:
SHAREHOLDER REPORTS
Shareholder reports are mailed twice a year, in November and May. They include
financial statements and performance information on the funds, a message from
your portfolio manager, and, on an annual basis, the auditor's report.
To reduce shareholder costs and help eliminate duplication, only one report is
sent to each address which lists one or more shareholders with the same last
name. If you would like additional reports mailed to your address, please
contact Mutual Fund Services.
STATEMENTS AND CONFIRMATIONS
Statements are mailed monthly (quarterly if your account has no activity).
Confirms are mailed following each purchase or sale of fund shares.
11 Prospectus - Cash Management Funds
<PAGE>
MANAGING YOUR INVESTMENT
SELLING SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
YOU MAY SELL ANY OR ALL OF YOUR SHARES AT ANY TIME FOR THEIR NET ASSET VALUE
(LESS ANY CONTINGENT DEFERRED SALES CHARGES APPLICABLE TO CLASS B SHARES).
SIMPLY CALL YOUR BROKER. YOUR REQUEST WILL BE EXECUTED AT THE NEXT NET ASSET
VALUE CALCULATED AFTER YOUR REQUEST IS RECEIVED BY YOUR BROKER.
RECEIVING THE PROCEEDS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you are a Piper Jaffray client with a signed Piper Automated Transfer (PAT)
agreement, proceeds from a sale of shares usually will be transferred to your
account the next business day. Otherwise, proceeds will be sent to you or your
broker the next business day. If you sell shares that were recently purchased by
check, payment may be delayed until the check has cleared (normally up to 15
days from the purchase date).
If you work with a broker from a firm other than Piper Jaffray, you also may
sell your shares by submitting a written request to the funds' transfer agent,
IFTC. Call IFTC at 1 800 874-6205 for instructions.
Remember to keep at least $200 in your account. If your account falls below $200
due to a sale of shares or an exchange request, your account may be liquidated
following 30 days written notice.
PAYING THE CONTINGENT DEFERRED SALES CHARGE (CDSC) ON CLASS B SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MONEY MARKET FUND CLASS B SHARES ARE AVAILABLE ONLY IN EXCHANGE
FOR CLASS B SHARES OF ANOTHER PIPER FUND.
The exchange from class B shares of another Piper fund (your "exchange shares")
into class B shares of Money Market Fund will not be subject to a CDSC. However,
when you sell your class B shares of Money Market Fund, you will be assessed a
CDSC based on the date you purchased your exchange shares.
The CDSC is based on the net asset value of your exchange shares when they were
initially purchased or on the net asset value of the Money Market Fund class B
shares at the time of sale, whichever is less. The charge does not apply to
shares you acquired by reinvesting your dividend or capital gain distributions.
If sold during this period the CDSC would be
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Calendar year of purchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4%
First calendar year after purchase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4%
Second calendar year after purchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3%
Third calendar year after purchase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2%
Fourth calendar year after purchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2%
Fifth calendar year after purchase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1%
Your CDSC is based on the calendar years in which you purchase your exchange
shares and sell your class B Money Market Fund shares, rather than on the number
of years since you purchased your exchange shares.
FOR EXAMPLE:
If you buy shares of another Piper fund on December 31, 1997, exchange them for
class B Money Market Fund shares and then sell the class B Money Market Fund
shares on January 1, 1999, you will pay a 3% CDSC, even though you purchased the
exchange shares just over one year ago.
If you exchange your class B Money Market Fund shares for class B shares of
another Piper Fund and later sell the "new" class B shares, the date you
purchased the original exchange shares will be used for determining your CDSC
(and for determining when your new class B shares convert to class A shares, as
discussed below).
To help you minimize your CDSC, shares that are not subject to a CDSC will be
sold first. Other shares will then be sold in the order purchased.
CONVERSION FEATURE
Your class B shares will automatically convert to class A shares on January 1 of
the sixth calendar year following the year in which you purchased your exchange
shares. The conversion will be based on the net asset values of the two classes.
Whenever any of your class B shares convert to class A shares, a proportionate
number of class B shares purchased by reinvested distributions will also
convert.
CDSC WAIVERS
The CDSC on class B shares will be waived:
- - Due to death or disability of the shareholder.
- - To allow a lump-sum distribution from a qualified employee benefit plan.
- - To allow systematic withdrawals from a qualified employee benefit plan, if
you are at least 59-1/2 years old.
- - To allow for a tax-free return of an excess contribution to your IRA.
- - If your account balance falls below $200 and your account is liquidated.
12 Prospectus - Cash Management Funds
<PAGE>
GENERAL INFORMATION
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HOW THE FUNDS ARE ORGANIZED
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Money Market Fund, Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund and U.S. Government Money Market
Fund are diversified series of Piper Funds Inc., an open-end investment
company.
VOTING RIGHTS
Although the funds are not required by law to hold annual meetings, they may
hold shareholder meetings from time to time on important matters. In addition,
shareholders have the right to call a meeting under certain circumstances. When
your fund holds a meeting, you will receive a proxy statement requesting your
vote. You have one vote for each share you own.
RIGHTS OF DIFFERENT CLASSES
The different classes of shares of a fund have the same rights and are identical
in all respects except that:
- - Expenses related to the distribution of each class of shares are borne
solely by that class.
- - To the extent they can reasonably be identified as relating to a particular
class of shares, transfer agent fees will be allocated to that class.
- - Each class has exclusive voting rights with respect to approval of any
12b-1 distribution plan related to that class. However, as long as class B
shares convert into class A shares, class B shareholders will have the
right to vote on any distribution fees imposed on class A shares.
- - Only class B shares carry a conversion feature.
- - Each class has different exchange privileges.
FUND OBJECTIVES
Each fund's investment objective is fundamental and may be changed only with
shareholder approval.
HOW THE FUNDS ARE MANAGED
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The funds are governed by a board of directors, which is responsible for
protecting the interests of shareholders. Directors meet periodically throughout
the year to oversee the funds' activities, review their performance and review
the actions of the funds' adviser. Although the board may include individuals
who are affiliated with the adviser, the majority of board members must be
independent. The board has retained the companies listed below to manage the
funds' operations.
INVESTMENT ADVISER
Piper Capital Management Incorporated
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
As investment adviser, Piper Capital manages the funds' business and investment
activities, subject to the authority of the board of directors. Each fund pays
Piper Capital a monthly management fee for providing investment advisory
services. See "Shareholder Expenses" in the "Fund Descriptions" section of this
prospectus for more information.
Piper Capital also is investment adviser to the other Piper Funds, to a number
of closed-end investment companies and to various institutions, corporations and
individuals. Piper Capital has approximately $9 billion under management and is
a wholly owned subsidiary of Piper Jaffray Companies Inc., a full-service
investment company.
DISTRIBUTOR
Piper Jaffray Inc.
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
Piper Jaffray is the principal distributor of the funds' shares. Other brokerage
firms that have a sales agreement with Piper Jaffray may also sell fund shares.
Piper Jaffray is a wholly owned subsidiary of Piper Jaffray Companies and an
affiliate of Piper Capital.
CUSTODIAN AND RECORD KEEPING AGENT
Investors Fiduciary Trust Company (IFTC)
127 West Tenth Street
Kansas City, MO 64105
As the funds' custodian and record keeping agent, IFTC holds the funds'
portfolio securities, settles trades, collects data needed to calculate net
asset values, and provides record-keeping.
TRANSFER AGENTS
IFTC (address listed above)
Piper Jaffray (address listed above)
Piper Trust Company
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
The funds' transfer agents pay dividends and other distributions. Piper Jaffray
and Piper Trust provide transfer agent services for shareholders whose accounts
are held at those companies. IFTC provides these services for all other
shareholder accounts.
13 Prospectus - Cash Management Funds
<PAGE>
GENERAL INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HOW DEALERS ARE COMPENSATED
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Piper Jaffray and other brokerage firms which sell fund shares receive
compensation in several ways. A portion of this compensation is typically passed
along to your broker.
SALES COMMISSIONS
Piper Jaffray receives any CDSC imposed when you sell your class B shares.
12b-1 FEES
Piper Jaffray receives 12b-1 fees from each fund for providing
distribution-related services and for servicing shareholder accounts. Fees are
established under each fund's 12b-1 plan, which is approved by the board, and
vary by class. Class A and class B shares of each fund pay 12b-1 fees at annual
rates equal to 0.30% and 1.00% respectively, of average daily net assets. Piper
Jaffray is currently voluntarily limiting the 12b-1 fees it receives from class
A shares to 0.20% of average daily net assets.
For each fund, Piper Jaffray pays a portion of its 12b-1 fee to brokerage firms
who have sold shares of that fund. Firms receive an annual fee equal to 0.20% of
the fund's average daily net assets attributable to shares sold by the
broker-dealer. Piper Jaffray also uses 12b-1 fees to pay other distribution
expenses and shareholder servicing costs, such as printing and promotional
costs.
OTHER COMPENSATION
In addition to the compensation discussed above, Piper Jaffray and Piper Capital
may provide promotional incentives to brokers. These incentives, which may be
available only to brokers who have sold significant amounts of fund shares, may
include payment for travel expenses in connection with sales seminars, including
lodging at luxury resorts.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The cash management funds purchase most of their portfolio securities directly
from the issuer or from an underwriter or market maker, and not from a broker
acting as an agent. However, the funds may from time to time use brokers when
buying portfolio securities. When deciding which brokers to use for the funds'
portfolio transactions, Piper Capital may consider whether brokers have sold
shares of the funds or any other Piper Funds. Piper Capital may place trades
through Piper Jaffray in compliance with 1940 Act rules.
NET ASSET VALUE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net asset value per share is calculated by dividing the total market value of
the fund's investments and other assets, less any liabilities, by the number of
fund shares. The securities held by the funds are valued on the basis of
amortized cost.
Each fund attempts to maintain a net asset value of $1 per share. Under the
direction of the board of directors, procedures have been adopted to monitor and
stabilize each fund's price per share.
Net asset value is calculated as of the regular close of the New York Stock
Exchange (typically 4 p.m. Eastern Time) on each day the exchange is open for
trading.
PENDING LAWSUITS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following two complaints, which are based on allegations of
misrepresentation and improper management, are pending relating to the
Intermediate Bond Fund (formerly Institutional Government Income Portfolio), a
series of Piper Funds Inc.
1) Filed April 11, 1995, by Frank R. Berman, Trustee of Frank R. Berman
Professional CP Pension Plan Trust. First filed in Minnesota State District
Court, Hennepin County, and moved to U.S. District Court, District of Minnesota.
Defendants include Piper Funds Inc., Piper Jaffray and certain persons
affiliated or formerly affiliated with Piper Capital and Piper Jaffray.
2) Filed June 22, 1995, by Beverly Muth, in the Montana Thirteenth Judicial
District Court, Yellowstone County. Filed against Piper Jaffray and an
affiliated person.
Piper Capital and Piper Jaffray are also subject to an investigation by the
Securities and Exchange Commission which began February 21, 1995, related to
various funds and assets managed by Piper Capital.
14 Prospectus - Cash Management Funds
<PAGE>
FOR MORE INFORMATION
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANNUAL/SEMIANNUAL REPORTS
Shareholder reports include financial statements and performance information on
the funds, a message from your portfolio manager, and, on an annual basis, the
auditor's report.
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (SAI)
The SAI contains more detailed information about the funds. A current SAI has
been filed with the SEC and is incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
To order free copies, please write or call:
Piper Capital Management
Attn: Mutual Fund Services
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
1 800 866-7778
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[Logo] PIPER FUNDS 222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, MN 55402-3804
<PAGE>
PART B
GROWTH FUND
GROWTH AND INCOME FUND
EMERGING GROWTH FUND
SMALL COMPANY GROWTH FUND
BALANCED FUND
Series of Piper Funds Inc.
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
November __, 1997
Table of Contents
PAGE
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Characteristics and Risks of Securities and
Special Investment Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investment Restrictions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Directors and Executive Officers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investment Advisory and Other Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Portfolio Transactions and Allocation of Brokerage . . . . . . . . .
Capital Stock and Ownership of Shares. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net Asset Value and Public Offering Price. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Performance Comparisons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of Shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Redemption of Shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Taxation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pending Litigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Appendix A - Corporate Bond, Preferred Stock and
Commercial Paper Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Appendix B - Interest Rate Futures Contracts
and Related Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Appendix C - Stock Index Futures Contracts
and Related Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
This Statement of Additional Information is not a prospectus. This
Statement of Additional Information relates to the following four Prospectuses:
(1) Prospectus dated November __, 1997, for the Class A and B shares of Growth
Fund, Emerging Growth Fund and Small Company Growth Fund; (2) Prospectus dated
February 18, 1997, for the Class Y shares of Emerging Growth Fund; (3)
Prospectus dated November __, 1997, for the Class A and B shares of Growth and
Income Fund and Balanced Fund; and (4) Prospectus dated February 18, 1997, for
the Class Y shares of Growth and Income Fund. This Statement of Additional
Information should be read in conjunction with each applicable Prospectus.
Copies of these Prospectuses may be obtained from the Funds at Piper Jaffray
Tower, 222 South Ninth Street, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402-3804.
<PAGE>
INTRODUCTION
The shares of Piper Funds Inc. (the "Company") are currently offered in
twelve series. This Statement of Additional Information relates to five of
these series: Growth Fund, Emerging Growth Fund, Small Company Growth Fund,
Growth and Income Fund and Balanced Fund. These series are sometimes referred
to herein individually as a "Fund" or, collectively, as the "Funds." The
investment objectives and policies of the Funds are set forth in the Funds'
respective Prospectuses. Certain additional investment information is set forth
below.
CHARACTERISTICS AND RISKS OF SECURITIES
AND SPECIAL INVESTMENT METHODS
The types of securities and investment techniques used by the Funds are
described in the Funds' Prospectuses. Additional information about certain of
these securities and investment techniques is set forth below.
In the view of Piper Capital Management Incorporated (the "Adviser"), there
are four broad phases of corporate growth. The first phase of corporate growth
occurs during the infancy of a company. Investing in a company during this
phase involves the potential for rapid growth but also involves high risk.
During the second phase of a company's growth, sometimes referred to as the
emerging growth phase, there is often a period of swift development during which
growth occurs at a rate generally not equaled by more mature companies.
Investing in a company during this phase of its growth may still involve
substantial risk. There next occurs a third phase of established growth in
which growth is generally less dramatic because of competitive forces,
regulations and internal bureaucracy. This is followed by a fourth phase of
maturity, when the growth pattern of a company begins to roughly reflect the
increase in gross national product. The small capitalization companies in which
Small Company Growth Fund invests will generally be positioned in the first
phase of corporate growth, or early in the second phase. For Emerging Growth
Fund, the Adviser intends to focus on companies which it believes are positioned
in the second phase of growth. Of course, the actual growth of a company is not
necessarily consistent with this pattern and cannot be foreseen.
The following illustration represents the Adviser's conception of the four
phases of revenue growth for a successful business. This graph is presented for
illustrative purposes only, and does not represent the actual revenue growth of
a typical company. In addition, there is no necessary correlation between the
growth of a company's revenues and the market value of its stock. This
illustration should not be considered a representation of the performance of the
common stocks in which the Fund invests.
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[GRAPH]
SHORT-TERM MONEY MARKET SECURITIES
As set forth in the Funds' respective Prospectuses, each Fund may invest in
short-term money market securities including obligations of the U.S. government
and its agencies and instrumentalities, bank certificates of deposit, bankers'
acceptances, high-grade commercial paper and other money market instruments.
Securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies or
instrumentalities include Treasury securities, which differ only in their
interest rates, maturities and times of issuance. Treasury Bills have initial
maturities of one year or less; Treasury Notes have initial maturities of one to
ten years; and Treasury Bonds generally have initial maturities of greater than
ten years. Some obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies
and instrumentalities, for example Government National Mortgage Association
pass-through certificates, are supported by the full faith and credit of the
U.S. Treasury; others, such as those of the Federal Home Loan Banks, by the
right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury; others, such as those issued by
the Federal National Mortgage Association, by discretionary authority of the
U.S. government to purchase certain obligations of the agency or
instrumentality; and others, such as those issued by the Student Loan Marketing
Association, only by the credit of the agency or instrumentality. While the
U.S. government provides financial support to such U.S. government-sponsored
agencies or instrumentalities, no assurance can be given that it will always do
so, since it is not so obligated by law. Securities issued or guaranteed by the
U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities that mature within 397 days
are considered money market securities for purposes of the Funds' investment
policies.
Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained in a banking
institution for a specified period of time at a stated interest rate. Time
deposits are not transferable and are therefore illiquid prior to their
maturity. No Fund will invest more than 15% of its net assets in time deposits
and other illiquid securities. See "Investment Restrictions." Certificates of
deposit are certificates evidencing the obligation of a bank to repay funds
deposited with it for a specified period of time. Bankers' acceptances are
credit instruments evidencing the obligation of a bank to
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pay a draft drawn on it by a customer. These instruments reflect the obligation
both of the bank and of the drawer to pay the full amount of the instrument upon
maturity.
Commercial paper consists of short-term, unsecured promissory notes issued
to finance short-term credit needs. The commercial paper purchased by the Funds
will consist only of direct obligations which, at the time of their purchase,
are (a) rated Prime-1 or Prime-2 by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. ("Moody's")
or A-1 or A-2 by Standard & Poor's Ratings Services ("Standard & Poor's"),
(b) issued by companies having an outstanding unsecured debt issue currently
rated at least Aa by Moody's or at least AA by Standard & Poor's, or (c) if
unrated, determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality to those rated
obligations which may be purchased by the Funds.
Money market instruments in which the Funds may invest also include
non-convertible corporate debt securities (for example, bonds and debentures)
with no more than 397 days remaining to maturity, provided such obligations are
rated Aa or better by Moody's or AA or better by Standard & Poor's.
U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES
Growth and Income Fund and Balanced Fund may invest in U.S. government
securities (in addition to the short-term money market securities discussed
above). Such securities are issued or guaranteed as to payment of principal and
interest by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities. THE
CURRENT MARKET PRICES FOR SUCH SECURITIES ARE NOT GUARANTEED AND WILL FLUCTUATE.
The Funds may invest in direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury, such as U.S.
Treasury bills, notes and bonds, and in obligations of U.S. government agencies
or instrumentalities, including, but not limited to, Federal Home Loan Banks,
the Farmers Home Administration, Federal Farm Credit Banks, the Federal National
Mortgage Association, the Government National Mortgage Association, the Federal
Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, the Financing Corporation and the Student Loan
Marketing Association.
Obligations of U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities are backed in
a variety of ways by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities.
Some of these obligations, such as Government National Mortgage Association
mortgage-backed securities, are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S.
Treasury. Others, such as obligations of the Federal Home Loan Banks, are
backed by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury. Still others,
such as those issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association, are backed by
the discretionary authority of the U.S. government to purchase certain
obligations of the agency or instrumentality. Finally, obligations of other
agencies or instrumentalities are backed only by the credit of the agency or
instrumentality issuing the obligations.
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U.S. government securities include securities that have no coupons, or have
been stripped of their unmatured interest coupons, individual interest coupons
from such securities that trade separately, and evidences of receipt of such
securities. Such securities may pay no cash income, and are purchased at a deep
discount from their value at maturity. Because interest on zero-coupon
securities is not distributed on a current basis but is, in effect, compounded,
the market prices of zero-coupon securities are more volatile than the market
prices of securities of comparable quality and similar maturity that pay
interest periodically and may respond to a greater degree of fluctuations in
interest rates than do such non-zero-coupon securities. Although holders of
zero-coupon securities do not receive periodic payments of interest, income
accretes on such securities and is subject to the distribution requirements of
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Because such income may not be
matched by a corresponding cash distribution to a Fund, a Fund may be required
to borrow money or dispose of other securities to be able to make distributions
to shareholders.
MORTGAGE-RELATED SECURITIES
Growth and Income Fund and Balanced Fund may invest in U.S. government
mortgage-related securities and in mortgage-related securities issued by private
entities. Mortgage-related securities are securities that, directly or
indirectly, represent participations in, or are secured by and payable from,
loans secured by real property. Mortgage-related securities include guaranteed
mortgage pass-through securities, private mortgage pass-through securities,
adjustable rate mortgage securities and derivative mortgage securities such as
collateralized mortgage obligations and stripped mortgage-backed securities.
Mortgage-related securities fall into three categories: (a) those issued or
guaranteed by the U.S. government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities,
such as Government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA"), Federal National
Mortgage Association ("FNMA") and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
("FHMLC"); (b) those issued by non-governmental issuers that represent interests
in, or are collateralized by, mortgage-related securities issued or guaranteed
by the U.S. government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities; and (c)
those issued by non-governmental issuers that represent an interest on, or are
collateralized by, whole mortgage loans or mortgage-related securities without a
government guaranty but usually with over-collateralization or some other form
of private credit enhancement. Non-governmental issuers referred to in (b) and
(c) above include originators of and investors in mortgage loans, including
savings and loan associations, mortgage bankers, commercial banks, investment
banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing.
(a) GUARANTEED MORTGAGE PASS-THROUGH SECURITIES. The government
guaranteed mortgage pass-through securities in which Growth and Income Fund and
Balanced Fund may invest include certificates issued or guaranteed by GNMA, FNMA
and FHLMC, which represent interests in underlying residential mortgage loans.
These mortgage pass-through securities provide for the pass-through to
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investors of their pro rata share of monthly payments (including any
prepayments) made by the individual borrowers on the pooled mortgage loans, net
of any fees paid to the guarantor of such securities and the servicer of the
underlying mortgage loans. Each of GNMA, FNMA and FHLMC guarantee timely
distributions of interest to certificate holders. GNMA and FNMA guarantee
timely distributions of scheduled principal. FHLMC generally guarantees only
ultimate collection of principal of the underlying mortgage loans.
(1) GNMA CERTIFICATES. Certificates of the Government National Mortgage
Association ("GNMA Certificates") are mortgage-backed securities which evidence
an ownership interest in a pool of mortgage loans. GNMA Certificates differ
from bonds in that principal is paid back monthly by the borrower over the term
of the loan rather than returned in a lump sum at maturity. GNMA Certificates
that the Funds purchase are the "modified pass-through" type. "Modified
pass-through" GNMA Certificates entitle the holder to receive a share of all
interest and principal payments paid and owed on the mortgage pool, net of fees
paid to the issuer and GNMA, regardless of whether the mortgagor actually makes
the payment.
- GNMA Guarantee -- The National Housing Act authorizes GNMA to guarantee
the timely payment of principal and interest on securities backed by a pool of
mortgages insured by the Federal Housing Administration ("FHA") or the Farmers'
Home Administration ("FHA") or guaranteed by the Veterans Administration ("VA").
The GNMA guarantee is backed by the full faith and credit of the United States.
GNMA is also empowered to borrow without limitation from the U.S. Treasury if
necessary to make any payments required under its guarantee.
- Life of GNMA Certificates -- The average life of a GNMA Certificate is
likely to be substantially less than the original maturity of the mortgage pools
underlying the securities. Prepayments of principal by mortgagors and mortgage
foreclosures will usually result in the return of the greater part of principal
investment long before the maturity of the mortgages in the pool. Foreclosures
impose no risk to principal investment because of the GNMA guarantee.
As prepayment rates of individual mortgage pools vary widely, it is not
possible to predict accurately the average life of a particular issue of GNMA
Certificates. However, statistics published by the FHA indicate that the
average life of single-family dwelling mortgages with 25- to 30-year maturities,
the type of mortgages backing the vast majority of GNMA Certificates, is
approximately 12 years. Therefore, it is customary to treat GNMA Certificates
as 30-year mortgage-backed securities which prepay fully in the twelfth year.
- Yield Characteristics of GNMA Certificates -- The coupon rate of
interest on GNMA Certificates is lower than the interest rate paid on the
VA-guaranteed or FHA-insured mortgages underlying the Certificates by the amount
of the fees paid to GNMA and the issuer.
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The coupon rate by itself, however, does not indicate the yield which will
be earned on GNMA Certificates. First, Certificates may be issued at a premium
or discount, rather than at par, and, after issuance, Certificates may trade in
the secondary market at a premium or discount. Second, interest is earned
monthly, rather than semiannually as with traditional bonds; monthly compounding
raises the effective yield earned. Finally, the actual yield of a GNMA
Certificate is influenced by the prepayment experience of the mortgage pool
underlying it. For example, if the higher yielding mortgages from the pool are
prepaid, the yield on the remaining pool will be reduced.
(2) FHLMC SECURITIES. The Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
("FHLMC") was created in 1970 through enactment of Title III of the Emergency
Home Finance Act of 1970. Its purpose is to promote development of a nationwide
secondary market in conventional residential mortgages.
FHLMC issues two types of mortgage pass-through securities, mortgage
participation certificates ("PCs") and guaranteed mortgage certificates
("GMCs"). PCs resemble GNMA Certificates in that each PC represents a pro rata
share of all interest and principal payments made and owed on the underlying
pool. FHLMC guarantees timely payment of interest on PCs and the full return of
principal. Like GNMA Certificates, PCs are assumed to be prepaid fully in their
twelfth year.
GMCs also represent a pro rata interest in a pool of mortgages. However,
these instruments pay interest semiannually and return principal once a year in
guaranteed minimum payments. The expected average life of these securities is
approximately ten years.
(3) FNMA SECURITIES. The Federal National Mortgage Association was
established in 1938 to create a secondary market in mortgages insured by the
FHA.
FNMA issues guaranteed mortgage pass-through certificates ("FNMA
Certificates"). FNMA Certificates resemble GNMA Certificates in that each FNMA
Certificate represents a pro rata share of all interest and principal payments
made and owed on the underlying pool. FNMA guarantees timely payment of
interest on FNMA Certificates and the full return of principal. Like GNMA
Certificates, FNMA Certificates are assumed to be prepaid fully in their twelfth
year.
(b) PRIVATE MORTGAGE PASS-THROUGH SECURITIES. Private mortgage
pass-through securities ("Private Pass-Throughs") are structured similarly to
GNMA, FNMA and FHLMC mortgage pass-through securities and are issued by
originators of and investors in mortgage loans, including savings and loan
associations, mortgage bankers, commercial banks, investment banks and special
purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing. These securities usually re backed by a
pool of conventional fixed rate or adjustable loans.
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Since Private Pass-Throughs typically are not guaranteed by an entity
having the credit status of GNMA, FNMA or FHMLC, such securities generally are
structured with one or more types of credit enhancement. Such credit support
falls into two categories: (i) liquidity protection and (ii) protection against
losses resulting from ultimate default by an obligor on the underlying assets.
Liquidity protection refers to the provision of advances, generally by the
entity administering the pool of assets, to ensure that the pass-through of
payments due on the underlying pool occurs in a timely fashion. Protection
against losses resulting from ultimate default enhances the likelihood of
ultimate payment of the obligations on at least a portion of the assets in the
pool. Such protection may be provided through guarantees, insurance policies or
letters of credit obtained by the issuer or sponsor from third parties, through
various means of structuring the transaction or through a combination of such
approaches. The Funds will not pay any additional fees for such credit support,
although the existence of credit support may increase the price of a security.
The ratings of securities for which third-party credit enhancement provides
liquidity protection or protection against losses from default are generally
dependent upon the continued creditworthiness of the enhancement provider. The
ratings of such securities could be subject to reduction in the event of
deterioration in the creditworthiness of the credit enhancement provider even in
cases where the delinquency and loss experience on the underlying pool of assets
is better than expected.
Examples of credit support arising out of the structure of the transaction
include "senior-subordinated securities" (multiple class securities with one or
more classes subordinate to other classes as to the payment of principal thereof
and interest thereon, with the result that defaults on the underlying assets are
borne first by the holders of the subordinated class), creation of "reserve
funds" (where cash or investments, sometimes funded from a portion of the
payments on the underlying assets, are held in reserve against future losses)
and "over-collateralization" (where the scheduled payments on, or the principal
amount of, the underlying assets exceed those required to make payment on the
securities and pay any servicing or other fees). The degree of credit support
provided for each issue is generally based on historical information with
respect to the level of credit risk associated with the underlying assets.
Other information which may be considered includes demographic factors, loan
underwriting practices and general market and economic conditions. Delinquency
or loss in excess of that which is anticipated could adversely affect the return
on an investment in such a security.
(c) ADJUSTABLE RATE MORTGAGE SECURITIES. Growth and Income Fund and
Balanced Fund may also invest in adjustable rate mortgage securities ("ARMS").
ARMS are pass-through mortgage securities collateralized by mortgages with
interest rates that are adjusted from time to time. The adjustments usually are
determined in accordance with a predetermined interest rate interest and may be
subject to certain limits. While the values of ARMS, like other debt
securities,
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generally vary inversely with changes in market interest rates (increasing in
value during periods of declining interest rates and decreasing in value during
periods of increasing interest rates), the values of ARMS should generally be
more resistant to price swings than other debt securities because the interest
rates of ARMS move with market interest rates. The adjustable rate feature of
ARMS will not, however, eliminate fluctuations in the prices of ARMS,
particularly during periods of extreme fluctuations in interest rates. ARMS
typically have caps which limit the maximum amount by which the interest rate
may be increased or decreased at periodic intervals or over the life of the
loan. To the extent interest rates increase in excess of the caps, ARMS can be
expected to behave more like traditional debt securities and to decline in value
to a greater extent than would be the case in the absence of such caps. Also,
since many adjustable rate mortgages only reset on an annual basis, it can be
expected that the prices of ARMS will fluctuate to the extent changes in
prevailing interest rates are not immediately reflected in the interest rates
payable on the underlying adjustable rate mortgages. The extent to which the
prices of ARMS fluctuate with changes in interest rates will also be affected by
the indices underlying the ARMS. Some indices, such as the one-year constant
maturity Treasury note rate, closely mirror changes in market interest rate
levels. Others, such as the 11th District Federal Reserve Cost of Funds Index
(often related to ARMS issued by FNMA), tend to lag changes in market levels and
tend to be somewhat less volatile.
(d) COLLATERALIZED MORTGAGE OBLIGATIONS. Growth and Income Fund and
Balanced Fund may invest, within the limits discussed below, in CMOs
(collateralized mortgage obligations and multiclass pass-through securities
unless the context otherwise indicates), which are derivative mortgage
securities. Collateralized mortgage obligations are debt instruments issued by
special purpose entities which are secured by pools of mortgage loans or other
mortgage-related securities. Multiclass pass-through securities are equity
interests in a trust composed of mortgage loans or other mortgage-related
securities. Payments of principal and interest on underlying collateral provide
the funds to pay debt service on the collateralized mortgage obligation or make
scheduled distributions on the multiclass pass-through security. CMOs may be
issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government or by private
organizations.
In a CMO, a series of bonds or certificates is issued in multiple classes.
Each class of CMO, often referred to as a "tranche," is issued at a specific
coupon rate and has a stated maturity or final distribution date. Principal
prepayments on collateral underlying a CMO may cause it to be retired
substantially earlier than the stated maturities or final distribution dates.
The principal and interest on the underlying mortgages may be allocated
among the several tranches of a CMO in many ways. For example, certain tranches
may have variable or floating interest rates and others may be stripped
securities which provide only the principal or interest feature of the
underlying security. See "Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities," below.
Floating rate CMOs are generally
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backed by fixed rate mortgages and generally have lifetime caps on the coupon
rate thereon. These caps, similar to the caps on adjustable rate mortgages,
represent a ceiling beyond which the coupon rate on a floating rate CMO may not
be increased regardless of increases in the interest rate index to which the
floating rate CMO is geared, which may cause the security to be valued at a
greater discount than if the security was not subject to a ceiling.
Generally, the purpose of the allocation of the cash flow of a CMO to the
various tranches is to obtain a more predictable cash flow to certain of the
individual tranches than exists with the underlying collateral of the CMO. As a
general rule, the more predictable the cash flow is on a CMO tranche, the lower
the anticipated yield will be on that tranche at the time of issuance relative
to prevailing market yields on mortgage-related securities. As part of the
process of creating more predictable cash flows on most of the tranches of a
CMO, one or more tranches generally must be created that absorb most the
volatility in the cash flows on the underlying mortgage loans. The yields on
these tranches, which may include inverse floaters, interest only and principal
only tranches and Z tranches, discussed below, are generally higher than
prevailing market yields on mortgage-related securities with similar maturities.
As a result of the uncertainty of the cash flows of these tranches, the market
prices of and yield on these tranches generally may be more volatile.
An inverse floater is a CMO tranche with a coupon rate that moves inversely
to a designated index, such as LIBOR (London Inter-Bank Offered Rate) or COFI
(Cost of Funds Index). Like most other fixed-income securities, the value of
inverse floaters will decrease as interest rates increase. Inverse floaters,
however, may exhibit greater price volatility than the majority of mortgage
pass-through securities or CMOs. Coupon rates on inverse floaters typically
change at a multiple of the changes in the relevant index rate. Thus, any rise
in the index rate (as a consequence of an increase in interest rates) causes a
correspondingly greater drop in the coupon rate of an inverse floater while any
drop in the index rate causes a correspondingly greater increase in the coupon
of an inverse floater. Some inverse floaters also exhibit extreme sensitivity
to changes in prepayments.
Z tranches of CMOs defer interest and principal payments until one or more
other classes of the CMO have been paid in full. Interest accrues on the Z
tranche, being added to principal, and is compounded through the accretion
period. After the other classes have been paid in full, interest payments begin
and continue through maturity. Z tranches have characteristics similar to
zero-coupon bonds. At the same time, however, and also like a zero-coupon bond,
the market value of a Z tranche can be expected to fluctuate more widely with
changes in market interest rates than would the market value of a tranche which
pays interest currently. In addition, changes in prepayment rates on the
underlying mortgage loans will affect the accretion period of a Z tranche, and
therefore also are likely to influence its market value.
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Balanced Fund will limit its aggregate investments in inverse floaters,
interest only, principal only, inverse interest only and Z tranches of CMOs,
and stripped mortgage-backed securities (discussed below) to 5% of the Fund's
net assets. Growth and Income Fund will not invest in such securities.
(e) STRIPPED MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES. Balanced Fund may invest in
stripped mortgage-backed securities ("SMBS"), which are derivative multiclass
mortgage securities. SMBS may be issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the
U.S. government or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans,
including savings and loan associations, mortgage bankers, commercial banks,
investment banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing.
There are generally two classes of SMBS, one of which (the interest only or
"IO" class) entitles the holders thereof to receive distributions consisting
solely or primarily of all or a portion of the interest on the underlying pool
of mortgage loans or mortgage-related securities ("Mortgage Assets") and the
other of which (the principal only or "PO" class) entitles the holders thereof
to receive distributions consisting solely or primarily of all or a portion of
the principal of the underlying pool of Mortgage Assets. The cash flows and
yields on IO and PO classes are extremely sensitive to the rate of principal
payments (including prepayments) on the related underlying Mortgage Assets. For
example, a rapid or slow rate of principal payments may have a material adverse
effect on the yield to maturity of IOs or POs, respectively. If the underlying
Mortgage Assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, an
IO investor may incur substantial losses. Conversely, if the underlying
Mortgage Assets experience slower than anticipated prepayments of principal, the
yield on a PO class will be affected more severely than would be the case with a
traditional mortgage-related security.
OPTIONS
As set forth in the Funds' respective Prospectuses, each Fund may write and
purchase put and call options on securities and on stock indexes listed on
national securities exchanges. The Funds may purchase and write only
exchange-traded options.
WRITING COVERED OPTIONS. Each Fund may write (I.E., sell) covered put and
call options with respect to the securities in which it may invest. By writing
a call option, a Fund becomes obligated during the term of the option to deliver
the securities underlying the option upon payment of the exercise price if the
option is exercised. By writing a put option, a Fund becomes obligated during
the term of the option to purchase the securities underlying the option at the
exercise price if the option is exercised. With respect to put options written
by a Fund, there will have been a predetermination that acquisition of the
underlying security is in accordance with the investment objective of such Fund.
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The principal reason for writing call or put options is to obtain, through
the receipt of premiums, a greater current return than would be realized on the
underlying securities alone. The Funds receive premiums from writing call or
put options, which they retain whether or not the options are exercised. By
writing a call option, a Fund might lose the potential for gain on the
underlying security while the option is open, and by writing a put option a Fund
might become obligated to purchase the underlying security for more than its
current market price upon exercise.
The Funds will write only covered options. This means that so long as a
Fund is obligated as the writer of a call option, it will own the underlying
securities subject to the option (or comparable securities satisfying the cover
requirements of securities exchanges). A Fund will be considered covered with
respect to a put option it writes if, so long as it is obligated as the writer
of a put option, it deposits and maintains with its custodian cash, U.S.
government securities or other liquid securities having a value equal to or
greater than the exercise price of the option.
PURCHASING OPTIONS. Each Fund may purchase put options, solely for hedging
purposes, in order to protect portfolio holdings in an underlying security
against a substantial decline in the market value of such holdings ("protective
puts"). Such protection is provided during the life of the put because a Fund
may sell the underlying security at the put exercise price, regardless of a
decline in the underlying security's market price. Any loss to a Fund is
limited to the premium paid for, and transaction costs paid in connection with,
the put plus the initial excess, if any, of the market price of the underlying
security over the exercise price. However, if the market price of such security
increases, the profit a Fund realizes on the sale of the security will be
reduced by the premium paid for the put option less any amount for which the put
is sold.
Each Fund also may purchase call options solely for the purpose of hedging
against an increase in prices of securities that the Fund ultimately wants to
buy. Such protection is provided during the life of the call option because the
Fund may buy the underlying security at the call exercise price regardless of
any increase in the underlying security's market price. In order for a call
option to be profitable, the market price of the underlying security must rise
sufficiently above the exercise price to cover the premium and transaction
costs. By using call options in this manner, a Fund will reduce any profit it
might have realized had it bought the underlying security at the time it
purchased the call option by the premium paid for the call option and by
transaction costs.
A Fund may wish to protect certain portfolio securities against a decline
in market value at a time when no put options on those particular securities are
available for purchase. That Fund may therefore purchase a put option on
securities other than those it wishes to protect even though it does not hold
such other securities in its portfolio. While the Funds will only purchase put
options on securities where, in the opinion of the Adviser, changes in the value
of the put
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option should generally offset changes in the value of the securities to be
hedged, the correlation will be less than in transactions in which the Funds
purchase put options on underlying securities they own.
The writing by the Funds of options on securities will be subject to
limitations established by each of the registered securities exchanges on which
such options are traded. Such limitations govern the maximum number of options
in each class which may be written by a single investor or group of investors
acting in concert, regardless of whether the options are written on the same or
different securities exchanges or are held or written on one or more accounts or
through one or more brokers. Thus, the number of options which a Fund may write
may be affected by options written by the other Fund and by other investment
companies managed by and other investment advisory clients of the Adviser. An
exchange may order the liquidation of positions found to be in excess of these
limits, and it may impose certain other sanctions.
STOCK INDEX OPTIONS - GENERAL. Each Fund may purchase and write put and
call options on stock indexes listed on national securities exchanges. Stock
index options are purchased for the purpose of hedging against changes in the
value of a Fund's portfolio securities due to anticipated changes in the market.
Stock index options are written for hedging purposes and to realize income from
the premiums received on the sale of such options. Options are traded both on
broadly based stock market indexes and on industry or market segment indexes.
Options on stock indexes are similar to options on stock except that,
rather than the right to take or make delivery of stock at a specified price, an
option on a stock index gives the holder the right to receive, upon exercise of
the option, an amount of cash if the closing level of the stock index upon which
the option is based is greater than, in the case of a call, or less than, in the
case of a put, the exercise price of the option. This amount of cash is equal
to the difference between the closing price of the index and the exercise price
of the option expressed in dollars times a specified multiple (the
"multiplier"). The writer of the option is obligated, in return for the premium
received, to make delivery of this amount. Unlike stock options, all
settlements are in cash and gain or loss depends upon price movements in the
stock market generally (or in a particular industry or segment of the market)
rather than price movements in individual stocks.
The multiplier for an index option performs a function similar to the unit
of trading for a stock option. It determines the total dollar value per
contract of each point in the difference between the exercise price of an option
and the current level of the underlying index. A multiplier of 100 means that a
one-point difference will yield $100. Options on different indexes may have
different multipliers.
Except as described below, the Funds will write call options on indexes
only if on such date a Fund holds a portfolio of stocks at least equal to the
value of the index times the multiplier times the number of contracts. When a
Fund writes a
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call option on a broadly based stock market index, the Fund will segregate or
put into escrow with its custodian or pledge to a broker as collateral for the
option, cash, "qualified securities" or other liquid securities with a market
value determined on a daily basis of not less than 100% of the current index
value times the multiplier times the number of contracts.
If a Fund has written an option on an industry or market segment index, it
will segregate, escrow or pledge at least five "qualified securities," all of
which are stocks of issuers in such industry or market segment, with a market
value at the time the option is written of not less than 100% of the current
index value times the multiplier times the number of contracts. Such stocks
will include stocks which represent at least 50% of the weighting of the
industry or market segment index and will represent at least 50% of the Fund's
holdings in that industry or market segment. No individual security will
represent more than 25% of the amount so segregated, pledged or escrowed in the
case of industry or market segment index options. If at the close of business
on any day the market value of such qualified securities so segregated, pledged
or escrowed falls below 100% of the current index value times the multiplier
times the number of contracts, the Fund will segregate, pledge or escrow an
amount in cash, "qualified securities" or other liquid securities equal in value
to the difference. In addition, when a Fund writes a call on an index which is
in-the-money at the time the call is written, the Fund will segregate with its
custodian or pledge to the broker short-term debt obligations equal in value to
the amount by which the call is in-the-money times the multiplier times the
number of contracts. Any amount segregated pursuant to the foregoing sentence
may be applied to the Fund's obligation to segregate additional amounts in the
event the market value of the qualified securities falls below 100% of the
current index value times the multiplier times the number of contracts. A
"qualified security" is an equity security which is listed on a national
securities exchange or listed on the Nasdaq against which the Fund has not
written a stock call option.
A Fund may write a put on a stock index only if it is "secured." A put is
"secured" if the Fund maintains cash or liquid securities with a value equal to
the exercise price in a segregated account with the Custodian or holds a put on
the same underlying index at an equal or greater exercise price.
The Funds are not subject to any limitations with respect to the percentage
of total assets that may be hedged. Accordingly, a Fund will not be prohibited
from purchasing or writing stock index options to hedge against changes in the
value of its entire portfolio.
The purchase and sale of options on stock indexes by a Fund are subject to
certain risks that are not present with options on securities. Because the
value of an index option depends upon movements in the level of the index rather
than the price of a particular stock, whether a Fund will realize a gain or loss
on the purchase or sale of an option on an index depends upon movements in the
level of stock prices in the stock market generally or in an industry or market
segment rather than
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movements in the price of a particular stock. Accordingly, successful use by
the Funds of options on indexes is subject to the Adviser's ability to correctly
predict movements in the direction of the stock market generally or of a
particular industry. This requires different skills and techniques than
predicting changes in the price of individual stocks. In the event the Adviser
is unsuccessful in predicting the movements of an index, the Funds could be in a
worse position than had no hedge been attempted.
Index prices may be distorted if trading of certain stocks included in the
index is interrupted. Trading in index options also may be interrupted in
certain circumstances, such as if trading were halted in a substantial number of
stocks included in the index. If this occurred, a Fund would not be able to
close out options which it had purchased or written and, if restrictions on
exercise were imposed, might be unable to exercise an option it holds, which
could result in substantial losses to the Fund. However, it is the Funds'
policy to purchase or write options only on indexes which include a sufficient
number of stocks so that the likelihood of a trading halt in the index is
minimized.
The markets for certain index options are still relatively illiquid The
ability to establish and close out positions on such options will be subject to
the development and maintenance of a liquid secondary market. It is not certain
that the market will develop in all index option contracts. The Funds will not
purchase or sell any index option contracts unless and until, in the Adviser's
opinion, the market for such options has developed sufficiently that such risk
in connection with such transactions is no greater than such risk in connection
with options on stocks.
SPECIAL RISKS OF WRITING CALLS ON STOCK INDEXES. Because exercises of
index options are settled in cash, a call writer cannot determine the amount of
its settlement obligations in advance and, unlike call writing on specific
stocks, cannot provide in advance for, or cover, its potential settlement
obligations by acquiring and holding the underlying securities. However, the
Funds will write call options on indexes only under the circumstances described
above.
Price movements in a Fund's portfolio probably will not correlate perfectly
with movements in the level of the index and, therefore, each Fund bears the
risk that the price of the securities held by such Fund may not increase as much
as the index. In such event, the Fund would bear a loss on the call which is
not completely offset by movements in the price of such Fund's portfolio. It is
also possible that the index may rise when the Fund's portfolio of stocks does
not rise. If this occurred, the Fund would experience a loss on the call which
is not offset by an increase in the value of its portfolio and might also
experience a loss in its portfolio. However, because the value of a diversified
portfolio will, over time, tend to move in the same direction as the market,
movements in the value of a Fund in the opposite direction as the market would
be likely to occur for only a short period or to a small degree.
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Unless a Fund has other liquid assets which are sufficient to satisfy the
exercise of a call, the Fund would be required to liquidate portfolio securities
in order to satisfy the exercise. Because an exercise must be settled within
hours after receiving the notice of exercise, if a Fund fails to anticipate an
exercise it may have to borrow from a bank pending settlement of the sale of
securities in its portfolio and would incur interest charges thereon.
When a Fund has written a call, there is also a risk that the market may
decline between the time the Fund has a call exercised against it, at a price
which is fixed as of the closing level of the index on the date of exercise, and
the time the Fund is able to sell stocks in its portfolio. As with stock
options, a Fund will not learn that an index option has been exercised until the
day following the exercise date, but, unlike a call on stock where the Fund
would be able to deliver the underlying securities in settlement, the Fund may
have to sell part of its stock portfolio in order to make settlement in cash,
and the price of such stocks might decline before they can be sold.
SPECIAL RISKS OF PURCHASING PUTS AND CALLS ON STOCK INDEXES. If a Fund
holds an index option and exercises it before final determination of the closing
index value for that day, it runs the risk that the level of the underlying
index may change before closing. If such a change causes the exercise option to
fall out-of-the-money, i.e., the exercise price of the option rises above the
closing index value, the Fund will be required to pay the difference between the
closing index value and the exercise price of the option (multiplied by the
applicable multiplier) to the assigned writer. While a Fund may be able to
minimize this risk by withholding exercise instructions until just before the
daily cutoff time or by selling rather than exercising an option when the index
level is close to the exercise price, it may not be possible to eliminate this
risk entirely because the cutoff times for index options may be earlier than
those fixed for other types of options and may occur before definitive closing
index values are announced.
FUTURES CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS
Each Fund may purchase and sell stock index futures contracts and Growth
and Income Fund and Balanced Fund may purchase and sell interest rate futures
contracts. The futures contracts in which the Funds may invest have been
developed by and are traded on national commodity exchanges. Stock index
futures contracts may be based upon broad-based stock indexes such as the S&P
500 or upon narrow-based stock indexes. A buyer entering into a stock index
futures contract will, on a specified future date, pay or receive a final cash
payment equal to the difference between the actual value of the stock index on
the last day of the contract and the value of the stock index established by the
contract. An interest rate futures contract is an agreement to purchase or sell
an agreed amount of debt securities at a set price for delivery on a future
date.
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The purpose of the acquisition or sale of a futures contract by a Fund is
to hedge against fluctuations in the value of its portfolio without actually
buying or selling securities. For example, a Fund may sell stock index futures
contracts in anticipation of or during a market decline to attempt to offset the
decrease in market value of the Fund's portfolio securities that might otherwise
result. When a Fund is not fully invested in the securities markets and
anticipates a significant market advance, it may purchase stock index futures
contracts in order to gain rapid market exposure that may in part or entirely
offset increases in the costs of securities that the Fund intends to purchase.
As such purchases are made, an equivalent amount of stock index futures
contracts will be terminated by offsetting sales. The Funds will engage in such
transactions only for hedging purposes, on either an asset-based or a
liability-based basis, in each case in accordance with the rules and regulations
of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. See Appendix B and Appendix C to
this Statement of Additional Information.
Each Fund may purchase and sell put and call options on futures contracts
and enter into closing transactions with respect to such options to terminate
existing positions. The Funds may use such options on futures contracts in
connection with its hedging strategies in lieu of purchasing and writing options
directly on the underlying securities or purchasing and selling the underlying
futures contracts.
There are risks in using futures contracts and options on futures contracts
as hedging devices. The primary risks associated with the use of futures
contracts and options thereon are (a) the prices of futures contracts and
options may not correlate perfectly with the market value of the securities
subject to the hedge and (b) the possible lack of a liquid secondary market for
a futures contract and the resulting inability to close a futures position prior
to its maturity date. With respect to stock index futures contracts, the risk
of imperfect correlation increases as the composition of a Fund's portfolio
diverges from the securities included in the applicable stock index. The risk
that a Fund will be unable to close out a futures position will be minimized by
entering into such transactions on a national exchange with an active and liquid
secondary market.
Additional information with respect to interest rate and stock index
futures contracts, together with information regarding options on such
contracts, is set forth in Appendix B and Appendix C, respectively, to this
Statement of Additional Information.
ILLIQUID SECURITIES
As a nonfundamental investment restriction that may be changed at any time
without shareholder approval, no Fund will invest more than 15% of its net
assets in illiquid securities. A security is considered illiquid if it cannot
be sold in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately
the price at which it is valued. Illiquid securities may offer a higher yield
than securities which are more readily marketable, but they may not always be
marketable on advantageous terms.
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<PAGE>
The sale of illiquid securities often requires more time and results in
higher brokerage charges or dealer discounts and other selling expenses than
does the sale of securities eligible for trading on national securities
exchanges or in the over-the-counter markets. A Fund may be restricted in its
ability to sell such securities at a time when the Adviser deems it advisable to
do so. In addition, in order to meet redemption requests, a Fund may have to
sell other assets, rather than such illiquid securities, at a time which is not
advantageous.
"Restricted securities" are securities which were originally sold in
private placements and which have not been registered under the Securities Act
of 1933 (the "1933 Act"). Such securities generally have been considered
illiquid, since they may be resold only subject to statutory restrictions and
delays or if registered under the 1933 Act. In 1990, however, the SEC adopted
Rule 144A under the 1933 Act, which provides a safe harbor exemption from the
registration requirements of the 1933 Act for resales of restricted securities
to "qualified institutional buyers," as defined in the rule. The result of this
rule has been the development of a more liquid and efficient institutional
resale market for restricted securities. Thus, restricted securities are no
longer necessarily illiquid. The Funds may therefore invest in Rule 144A
securities and treat them as liquid when they have been determined to be liquid
by the Board of Directors of the Company or by the Adviser subject to the
oversight of and pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board of Directors.
Under these procedures, factors taken into account in determining the liquidity
of a security include (a) the frequency of trades and quotes for the security;
(b) the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the security and the
number of other potential purchasers; (c) dealer undertakings to make a market
in the security; and (d) the nature of the security and the nature of the
marketplace trades (e.g., the time needed to dispose of the security, the method
of soliciting offers and the mechanics of transfer). Similar determinations may
be made with respect to commercial paper issued in reliance on the so-called
"private placement" exemption from registration under Section 4(2) of the 1933
Act and interest-only and principal-only classes of mortgage-related securities
issued by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities.
WHEN-ISSUED AND FORWARD COMMITMENT SECURITIES
Growth and Income Fund and Balanced Fund may purchase securities on a
"when-issued" basis and may purchase or sell securities on a "forward
commitment" basis. When such transactions are negotiated, the price is fixed at
the time the commitment is made, but delivery and payment for the securities
take place at a later date. The Funds will not accrue income with respect to
when-issued or forward commitment securities prior to their stated delivery
date. When a Fund purchases securities on a when-issued or forward commitment
basis, it will maintain in a segregated account with its custodian cash or
liquid securities having an aggregate value equal to the amount of such purchase
commitments until payment is made; such Fund will likewise segregate securities
it sells on a forward commitment basis.
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The purchase of securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis
exposes the Funds to risk because the securities may decrease in value prior to
their delivery. Purchasing securities on a when-issued or forward commitment
basis involves the additional risk that the return available in the market when
the delivery takes place will be higher than that obtained in the transaction
itself. A Fund's purchase of securities on a when-issued or forward commitment
basis while remaining substantially fully invested increases the amount of the
Fund's assets that are subject to market risk to an amount that is greater than
the Fund's net asset value, which could result in increased volatility of the
price of the Fund's shares.
MORTGAGE DOLLAR ROLLS
In connection with their ability to purchase securities on a when-issued or
forward commitment basis, Growth and Income Fund and Balanced Fund may enter
into mortgage "dollar rolls" in which a Fund sells securities for delivery in
the current month and simultaneously contracts with the same counterparty to
repurchase similar (same type, coupon and maturity) but not identical securities
on a specified future date. In a mortgage dollar roll, the Fund gives up the
right to receive principal and interest paid on the securities sold. However,
the Fund would benefit to the extent of any difference between the price
received for the securities sold and the lower forward price for the future
purchase plus any fee income received. Unless such benefits exceed the income,
capital appreciation and gain or loss due to mortgage prepayments that would
have been realized on the securities sold as part of the mortgage dollar roll,
the use of this technique will diminish the investment performance of the Fund
compared with what such performance would have been without the use of mortgage
dollar rolls. Each Fund will hold and maintain in a segregated account until
the settlement date cash or liquid securities in an amount equal to the forward
purchase price. The benefits derived from the use of mortgage dollar rolls may
depend on the Adviser's ability to predict correctly mortgage prepayments and
interest rates. There is no assurance that mortgage dollar rolls can be
successfully employed. In addition, the use of mortgage dollar rolls by a Fund
while remaining substantially fully invested increases the amount of the Fund's
assets that are subject to market risk to an amount that is greater than the
Fund's net asset value, which could result in increased volatility of the price
of the Fund's shares.
For financial reporting and tax purposes, mortgage dollar rolls are
considered as two separate transactions: one involving the purchase of a
security and a separate transactions involving a sale. The Funds do not
currently intend to enter into mortgage dollar rolls that are accounted for as a
financing.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
Each Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with respect to securities
issued or guaranteed as to payment of principal and interest by the U.S.
government or its agencies or instrumentalities. A repurchase agreement
involves the purchase
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by a Fund of securities with the condition that after a stated period of time
the original seller (a member bank of the Federal Reserve System or a recognized
securities dealer) will buy back the same securities ("collateral") at a
predetermined price or yield. Repurchase agreements involve certain risks not
associated with direct investments in securities. In the event the original
seller defaults on its obligation to repurchase, as a result of its bankruptcy
or otherwise, the Fund will seek to sell the collateral, which action could
involve costs or delays. In such case, the Fund's ability to dispose of the
collateral to recover such investment may be restricted or delayed. To the
extent proceeds from the sale of collateral were less than the repurchase price,
a Fund would suffer a loss. Repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven
days are considered illiquid and subject to each Fund's restriction on investing
in illiquid securities.
The Funds' custodian will hold the securities underlying any repurchase
agreement or such securities will be part of the Federal Reserve Book Entry
System. The market value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement
will be determined on each business day. If at any time the market value of the
collateral falls below the repurchase price of the repurchase agreement
(including any accrued interest), the respective Fund will promptly receive
additional collateral (so the total collateral is an amount at least equal to
the repurchase price plus accrued interest).
The Funds have received from the Securities and Exchange Commission an
exemptive order permitting the Funds, along with the other series of the
Company, closed-end and other open-end investment companies currently managed by
the Adviser, and all future series of the Company and all future investment
companies advised by the Adviser or its affiliates, to deposit uninvested cash
balances into a large single joint account to be used to enter into one or more
large repurchase agreements.
LENDING OF PORTFOLIO SECURITIES
Each of the Funds may lend its portfolio securities. However, none of
the Funds have done so in the past nor do the Funds currently intend to do
so. In order to generate additional income, each Fund may lend portfolio
securities up to one-third of the value of its total assets to
broker-dealers, banks or other financial borrowers of securities. As with
other extensions of credit, there are risks of delay in recovery or even loss
of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail
financially. However, the Funds will only enter into loan arrangements with
broker-dealers, banks or other institutions which the Adviser has determined
are creditworthy under guidelines established by the Company's Board of
Directors and will receive collateral in the form of cash, U.S. government
securities or other high-grade debt obligations equal to at least 100% of the
value of the securities loaned. The value of the collateral and of the
securities loaned will be marked to market on a daily basis. During the time
portfolio securities are on loan, the borrower pays the Fund an amount
equivalent to any dividends or interest paid on the securities and the Fund
may invest the cash collateral and earn additional income or may receive
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an agreed upon amount of interest income from the borrower. However, the
amounts received by the Fund may be reduced by finders' fees paid to
broker-dealers and related expenses.
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
Portfolio turnover is the ratio of the lesser of annual purchases or sales
of portfolio securities to the average monthly value of portfolio securities,
not including securities maturing in less than 12 months. A 100% portfolio
turnover rate would occur, for example, if the lesser of the value of purchases
or sales of portfolio securities for a particular year were equal to the average
monthly value of the portfolio securities owned during such year. For purposes
of calculating portfolio turnover, the maturity of investment purchases and
sales related to dollar roll transactions is considered to be less than 12
months. See "--Mortgage Dollar Rolls" above.
DIVERSIFICATION
Each Fund intends to operate as a "diversified" fund, as defined in the
Investment Company Act of 1940 (the"1940 Act"), which means that at least 75% of
its assets must be represented by cash and cash items (including receivables),
U.S. government securities, securities of other investment companies, and other
securities for the purposes of this calculation limited in respect of any one
issuer to an amount not greater in value than 5% of the value of total assets of
each Fund and to not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such
issuer.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
In addition to the investment objectives and policies set forth in the
respective Prospectuses, each Fund is subject to certain fundamental and
nonfundamental investment restrictions, as set forth below. Fundamental
investment restrictions may not be changed without the vote of a majority of a
Fund's outstanding shares. "Majority," as used in this Statement of Additional
Information, means the lesser of (a) 67% of a Fund's outstanding shares present
at a meeting of the holders if more than 50% of the outstanding shares are
present in person or by proxy or (b) more than 50% of a Fund's outstanding
shares.
No Fund will:
(1) Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in the securities
of issuers conducting their principal business activities in any one industry.
This restriction does not apply to securities of the U.S. government or its
agencies and instrumentalities and repurchase agreements relating thereto. The
various types of utilities companies, such as gas, electric, telephone,
telegraph, satellite and microwave communications companies, are considered as
separate industries.
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<PAGE>
(2) Issue any senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act, other than as
set forth in restriction #3 below and except to the extent that using options
and futures contracts or purchasing or selling securities on a when-issued or
forward commitment basis may be deemed to constitute issuing a senior security.
(3) Borrow money, except from banks for temporary or emergency purposes.
The amount of such borrowing may not exceed 10% of the value of the Fund's total
assets. With respect to each of the Funds, interest paid on borrowed funds will
decrease the net earnings of the Fund. None of the Funds will purchase
portfolio securities while outstanding borrowing exceeds 5% of the value of the
Fund's total assets. None of the Funds will borrow money for leverage purposes.
(4) Mortgage, pledge or hypothecate its assets except in an amount not
exceeding 10% of the value of its total assets to secure temporary or emergency
borrowing. For purposes of this policy, collateral arrangements for margin
deposits on futures contracts or with respect to the writing of options are not
deemed to be a pledge of assets.
(5) Purchase or sell commodities or commodity futures contracts, except
that the Funds may enter into financial futures contracts and engage in related
options transactions.
(6) Purchase or sell real estate or real estate mortgage loans, except
that the Funds may invest in securities secured by real estate or interests
therein or issued by companies that invest in real estate or interests therein.
Growth and Income Fund will not invest in real estate limited partnerships.
(7) Act as an underwriter of securities of other issuers, except insofar
as each Fund may be technically deemed an underwriter under the federal
securities laws in connection with the disposition of portfolio securities.
As nonfundamental investment restrictions that may be changed at any time
without shareholder approval, no Fund will:
(1) Invest in warrants.
(2) Make short sales of securities.
(3) Purchase any securities on margin except to obtain such short-term
credits as may be necessary for the clearance of transactions and except that
the Funds may make margin deposits in connection with futures contracts.
(4) Invest more than 5% (25% for Balanced Fund) of total assets in the
securities of foreign issuers.
(5) Invest more than 15% of net assets in illiquid securities.
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Any investment restriction or limitation referred to above or in a Fund's
Prospectus which involves a maximum percentage of securities or assets, shall
not be considered to be violated unless an excess over the percentage occurs
immediately after an acquisition of securities or utilization of assets and such
excess results therefrom.
DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The directors and officers of the Company and their principal occupations
during the past five years are set forth below. Unless otherwise indicated, all
positions have been held for more than five years. The Company's directors and
officers also serves as a director or officer of various closed-end and open-end
investment companies managed by the Adviser.
NAME, ADDRESS AND (AGE) POSITION WITH THE COMPANY
----------------------- -------------------------
William H. Ellis* (54) Chairman of the Board of Directors
Piper Jaffray Tower
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
David T. Bennett (56) Director
3400 City Center
33 South Sixth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
Jaye F. Dyer (69) Director
4670 Norwest Center
90 South Seventh Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
Karol D. Emmerich (47) Director
7302 Claredon Drive
Edina, Minnesota 55439
Luella G. Goldberg (59) Director
7019 Tupa Drive
Edina, Minnesota 55435
David A. Hughey (65) Director
134 Powers Road
Meredith, NH 03253
George Latimer (61) Director
754 Linwood Avenue
St. Paul, MN 55105
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Paul A. Dow (45) President
Piper Jaffray Tower
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
Robert H. Nelson (33) Vice President
Piper Jaffray Tower and Treasurer
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
Susan S. Miley (39) Secretary
Piper Jaffray Tower
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
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* Directors of the Company who are interested persons (as that term is
defined by the 1940 Act) of Piper Capital Management Incorporated and the
Funds.
William H. Ellis is President of Piper Jaffray Companies Inc.; Director and
Chairman of the Board of Piper Capital Management Incorporated ("the Adviser");
President of the Adviser since 1994; Director of Piper Jaffray Inc..
David T. Bennett is of counsel to the law firm of Gray, Plant, Mooty, Mooty
& Bennett, P.A., located in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Mr. Bennett is chairman of
a group of privately held companies and serves on the board of directors of a
number of nonprofit organizations.
Jaye F. Dyer has been President of Dyer Management Company, a private
management company, since 1991. Prior to that he was President and Chief
Executive Officer of Dyco Petroleum Corporation, a Minneapolis based oil and
natural gas development company he founded, from 1971 to March 1, 1989, and
Chairman of the Board until December 31, 1990. Mr. Dyer serves on the board of
directors of various privately held and nonprofit corporations.
Karol D. Emmerich has been President of The Paraclete Group, a consultant
to nonprofit organizations, since 1993. Prior to that she was Vice President,
Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer of Dayton Hudson Corporation from 1980 to
1993. Ms. Emmerich is an Executive Fellow at the University of St. Thomas
Graduate School of Business and serves on the board of directors of a number of
privately held and nonprofit organizations.
Luella G. Goldberg serves on the board of directors of Northwestern
National Life Insurance Company (since 1976), The ReliaStar Financial Corp.
(since 1989), TCF Bank Savings fsb (since 1985), TCF Financial Corporation
(since 1988), and Hormel Foods Corp. (since 1993). Ms. Goldberg also serves as
a Trustee of Wellesley College, and as a director of a number of other
organizations, including the University of
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Minnesota Foundation and the Minnesota Orchestral Association. Ms. Goldberg was
Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Wellesley College from 1985 to 1993 and
acting President from July 1, 1993 to October 1, 1993.
David A. Hughey is a Trustee of Bentley College. Prior to September 1996,
he was Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer of Dean Witter
InterCapital Inc., Dean Witter Services Company Inc. and Dean Witter
Distributors Inc.; Director, Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative
Officer of Dean Witter Trust Company; Vice President of Dean Witter Family of
Funds and TCW/DW Family of Funds; and Director of ICI Mutual Insurance Company.
George Latimer has been Chief Executive Officer of National Equity Fund,
Chicago, Illinois since November 1995; prior thereto, Mr. Latimer was Director,
Special Actions Office, Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban
Development since 1993, and prior thereto he had been Dean of Hamline Law
School, Saint Paul, Minnesota from 1990 to 1993. Mr. Latimer also serves on the
board of directors of Digital Biometrics, Inc. and Payless Cashways, Inc.
Paul A. Dow is Chief Investment Officer and Senior Vice President of the
Adviser.
Robert H. Nelson has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since
1993; prior thereto he had been a Vice President of the Adviser from 1991 to
1993.
Susan S. Miley has been Senior Vice President and General Counsel of the
Adviser since 1995 and Secretary of the Adviser since 1996; prior thereto she
was counsel for American Express Financial Advisors, Minneapolis, Minnesota from
1994 to 1995 and an attorney at Simpson Thatcher & Bartlett, New York, New York
from 1984 to 1992.
Ms. Emmerich, Ms. Goldberg and Mr. Hughey are members of the Audit
Committee of the Board of Directors. Ms. Emmerich acts as the chairperson of
such committee. The Audit Committee oversees the Company's financial reporting
process, reviews audit results and recommends annually to the Company a firm of
independent certified public accountants.
The Board of Directors also has a Committee of the Independent Directors,
consisting of Mr. Bennett, who serves as chairperson, Messrs. Dyer, Hughey and
Latimer, Ms. Emmerich and Ms. Goldberg, and a Derivatives Subcommittee
consisting of Ms. Emmerich, who serves as chairperson, Ms. Goldberg and Mr.
Dyer.
The functions of the Committee of the Independent Directors are: (a)
recommendation to the full Board of approval of any management, advisory,
sub-advisory and/or administration agreements; (b) recommendation to the full
Board of approval of any underwriting and/or distribution agreements; (c) review
of the fidelity bond and premium allocation; (d) review of errors and omissions
and any
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other joint insurance policies and premium allocation; (e) review of, and
monitoring of compliance with, procedures adopted pursuant to certain rules
promulgated under the 1940 Act; and (f) such other duties as the independent
directors shall, from time to time, conclude are necessary or appropriate to
carry out their duties under the 1940 Act. The functions of the Derivatives
Subcommittee are: (a) to oversee practices, policies and procedures of the
Adviser in connection with the use of derivatives; (b) to receive periodic
reports from management; and (c) to report periodically to the Committee of the
Independent Directors and the Board of Directors.
The directors of the Company who are officers or employees of the Adviser
or of its affiliates receive no remuneration from the Company. Each of the
other directors currently receives a quarterly retainer of $3,625 that is
allocated among the Funds and all other open-end funds managed by the Adviser on
the basis of the total assets of each such fund. In addition, each director
receives a fee from the Company for each regular quarterly and in-person special
meeting of the Board of Directors attended. (The per-meeting fee is based on
the combined total assets of the Company and Piper Institutional Funds Inc.)
The per-meeting fee is based upon asset size and is $250 if assets are under
$200 million, $500 if assets are $200 million and over but less than $500
million, $750 if assets are $500 million and over but less than $1 billion,
$1,000 if assets are $1 billion and over but less than $5 billion, and $1,500 if
assets are $5 billion or over. Members of the Audit Committee who are not
affiliated with the Adviser receive $1,000 for each Audit Committee meeting
attended ($2,000 for the chairperson of the Committee), and the chairperson of
the Committee of the Independent Directors receives $1,000 for each meeting of
such committee attended, with such fees being allocated evenly between the
Company and all other closed-end and open-end investment companies managed by
the Adviser. Members of the Committee of the Independent Directors and the
Derivatives Subcommittee (other than the chairperson of the Committee of the
Independent Directors) currently receive no additional compensation. In
addition, each Director who is not affiliated with the Adviser is reimbursed for
expenses incurred in connection with attending meetings.
The following table sets forth the compensation received by each director
from the Company during the fiscal year ended September 30, 1997, as well as the
total compensation received by each director from the Company and all other
registered investment companies managed by the Adviser or affiliates of the
Adviser during the calendar year ended December 31, 1996. Directors who are
officers or employees of the Adviser or any of its affiliates did not receive
any such compensation and are not included in the table. Mr. Hughey became a
director of the Company on September 3, 1996.
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<PAGE>
Aggregate Compensation Total Compensation
Director from the Company from Fund Complex*
- -------- ---------------------- ------------------
David T. Bennett $ $56,250
Jaye F. Dyer $ $58,750
Karol D. Emmerich $ $58,750
Luella G. Goldberg $ $60,750
George Latimer $ $56,250
David A. Hughey $ $ 984
- -------------------
* Currently consists of 20 registered investment companies managed by the
Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser, including the Company. Each
director included in the table serves on the board of each such open-end
and closed-end investment company.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES
The investment adviser for the Funds is Piper Capital Management
Incorporated (the "Adviser"). Its affiliate, Piper Jaffray Inc. (the
"Distributor"), acts as the Funds' distributor. Each acts as such pursuant to a
written agreement which is periodically approved by the directors or the
shareholders of the Funds. The address of both the Adviser and the Distributor
is Piper Jaffray Tower, 222 South Ninth Street, Minneapolis, Minnesota
55402-3804.
CONTROL OF THE ADVISER AND THE DISTRIBUTOR
The Adviser and the Distributor are both wholly owned subsidiaries of Piper
Jaffray Companies Inc., a publicly held corporation which is engaged through its
subsidiaries in various aspects of the financial services industry.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT
Pursuant to an Investment Advisory and Management Agreement with the
Company, the Adviser furnishes each Fund with investment advice and supervises
the management and investment programs of the Funds. The Adviser furnishes at
its own expense all necessary administrative services, office space, equipment
and clerical personnel for servicing the investments of the Funds. The Adviser
also provides investment advisory facilities and executive and supervisory
personnel for managing the investments and effecting the portfolio transactions
of the Funds. In addition, the Adviser pays the salaries and fees of all
officers and directors of the Company who are affiliated with the Adviser.
The Investment Advisory and Management Agreement will terminate
automatically in the event of its assignment. In addition, each agreement is
terminable at any time, without penalty, by the Board of Directors of the
Company or by vote of a majority of the Company's outstanding voting securities
on not more than 60 days' written notice to the Adviser, and by the Adviser on
60 days' written notice to the Company. The agreement may be terminated with
respect to a
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<PAGE>
particular Fund at any time by a vote of the holders of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities of such Fund, upon 60 days' written notice to the
Adviser. Unless sooner terminated, the agreement shall continue in effect for
more than two years after its execution only so long as such continuance is
specifically approved at least annually by either the Board of Directors or by a
vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Company, provided
that in either event such continuance is also approved by a vote of a majority
of the directors who are not parties to such agreement, or interested persons of
such parties, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on
such approval. If a majority of the outstanding voting securities of any of the
Funds approves the agreement, the agreement shall continue in effect with
respect to such approving Fund whether or not the shareholders of any other Fund
approve the agreement.
Pursuant to the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, each Fund
pays the Adviser monthly advisory fees equal on an annual basis to a certain
percentage of the Fund's average net assets as set forth in the following table.
Fees paid by the Funds are higher than fees paid by most other investment
companies.
Annual Advisory Fee
Average Net Asset Values as Percentage of
of each Fund Average Net Assets
------------------------ --------------------
On the first $100,000,000 .75%
On the next $200,000,000 .65%
On the next $200,000,000 .55%
On average assets of over $500,000,000 .50%
The table below sets forth the advisory fees paid by the Funds for the
periods indicated:
Advisory fees Advisory fees Advisory fees
for the fiscal for the fiscal for the fiscal
year ended year ended year ended
Fund September 30, 1995 September 30, 1996 September 30, 1997
- ---- ------------------ ------------------ -------------------
Growth Fund $1,232,856 $1,248,175 $
Emerging Growth Fund 1,525,105 1,875,662
Small Company Growth Fund 463,332 307,937
Growth and Income Fund 512,370 639,184
Balanced Fund 324,086 342,187
The Adviser intends, although not required under the Investment Advisory
and Management Agreement, to reimburse Small Company Growth Fund, Balanced Fund
and Growth and Income Fund for the amount, if any, by which the total operating
and management expenses of each Fund (including the Adviser's compensation and
amounts paid pursuant to the Company's Rule 12b-1 plan, but excluding interest,
taxes, brokerage fees and commissions, and extraordinary expenses) for the
fiscal year ending September 30, 1998, exceed ____% of average
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<PAGE>
daily net assets. This arrangement is voluntary and may be revised or
terminated at any time after fiscal year end, at the Adviser's discretion.
Under the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, the Adviser
provides each Fund with advice and assistance in the selection and disposition
of that Fund's investments. All investment decisions are subject to review by
the Board of Directors.
The same security may be suitable for more than one of the Funds and/or for
other series of the Company or other funds or private accounts managed by the
Adviser or its affiliates. If and when two or more funds or accounts
simultaneously purchase or sell the same security, the transactions will be
allocated as to price and amount in accordance with arrangements equitable to
each fund or account. The simultaneous purchase or sale of the same securities
by more than one of the Funds or by any of the Funds and other series of the
Company or other funds or accounts may have a detrimental effect on a Fund, as
this may affect the price paid or received by that Fund or the size of the
position obtainable or able to be sold by that Fund.
EXPENSES
The expenses of each Fund are deducted from their income before dividends
are paid. These expenses include, but are not limited to, organizational costs,
fees paid to the Adviser, fees and expenses of officers and directors who are
not affiliated with the Adviser, taxes, interest, legal fees, transfer agent,
dividend disbursing agent and custodian fees, audit fees, brokerage fees and
commissions, fees and expenses of registering and qualifying the Funds and their
shares for distribution under federal and state securities laws, expenses of
preparing prospectuses and statements of additional information and of printing
and distributing prospectuses and statements of additional information annually
to existing shareholders, the expenses of reports to shareholders, shareholders'
meetings and proxy solicitations, distribution expenses pursuant to the Rule
12b-1 plan, and other expenses which are not expressly assumed by the Adviser
under the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement. Any general expenses of
the Company that are not readily identifiable as belonging to a particular
series of the Company will be allocated among the series based upon the relative
net assets of the series at the time such expenses were incurred.
DISTRIBUTION PLAN
Rule 12b-1(b) under the 1940 Act provides that any payments made by the
Funds in connection with financing the distribution of their shares may only be
made pursuant to a written plan describing all aspects of the proposed financing
of distribution, and also requires that all agreements with any person relating
to the implementation of the plan must be in writing. Because some of the
payments described below to be made by the Funds are distribution expenses
within the meaning of Rule 12b-1, the Company has entered into an Underwriting
and
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<PAGE>
Distribution Agreement with the Distributor pursuant to a Distribution Plan
adopted in accordance with such Rule.
Rule 12b-1(b)(1) requires that such plan be approved by a majority of a
Fund's outstanding shares, and Rule 12b-1(b)(2) requires that such plan,
together with any related agreements, be approved by a vote of the Board of
Directors and of the directors who are not interested persons of the Company and
who have no direct or indirect interest in the operation of the plan or in the
agreements related to the plan, cast in person at a meeting called for the
purpose of voting on such plan or agreement. Rule 12b-1(b)(3) requires that the
plan or agreement provide, in substance:
(a) that it shall continue in effect for a period of more than one
year from the date of its execution or adoption only so long as such
continuance is specifically approved at least annually in the manner
described in paragraph (b)(2) of Rule 12b-1;
(b) that any person authorized to direct the disposition of moneys
paid or payable by the Company pursuant to the plan or any related
agreement shall provide to the Company's Board of Directors, and the
directors shall review, at least quarterly, a written report of the amounts
so expended and the purposes for which such expenditures were made; and
(c) in the case of a plan, that it may be terminated at any time by a
vote of a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of the Company
who are not interested persons of the Company and who have no direct or
indirect financial interest in the operation of the plan or in any
agreements related to the plan or by a vote of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities of a Fund.
Rule 12b-1(b)(4) requires that such a plan may not be amended to increase
materially the amount to be spent for distribution without shareholder approval
and that all material amendments of the plan must be approved in the manner
described in paragraph (b)(2) of Rule 12b-1.
Rule 12b-1(c) provides that the Company may rely upon Rule 12b-1(b) only if
the selection and nomination of the Company's disinterested directors are
committed to the discretion of such disinterested directors. Rule 12b-1(e)
provides that the Company may implement or continue a plan pursuant to Rule
12b-1(b) only if the directors who vote to approve such implementation or
continuation conclude, in the exercise of reasonable business judgment and in
light of their fiduciary duties under state law, and under Sections 36(a) and
(b) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, that there is a reasonable likelihood
that the plan will benefit the Company and its shareholders. The Board of
Directors has concluded that there is a reasonable likelihood that the
Distribution Plan will benefit the Company and its shareholders.
-30-
<PAGE>
Pursuant to the provisions of the Distribution Plan, each Fund pays a
quarterly fee to the Distributor equal, on an annual basis to .50% of such
Fund's average daily net assets attributable to Class A shares and 1.00% of such
Fund's average daily net assets attributable to Class B shares. Such fee is
paid for servicing of the Fund's shareholder accounts and providing
distribution-related services to the Funds.
A portion of each Fund's total fee is paid as a distribution fee and will
be used by the Distributor to cover expenses that are primarily intended to
result in, or that are primarily attributable to, the sale of shares of such
Fund ("Distribution Expenses"), and a portion of the fee is paid as a
shareholder servicing fee and will be used by the Distributor to provide
compensation for ongoing servicing and/or maintenance of shareholder accounts
with respect to such Fund ("Shareholder Servicing Costs"). The .50% Rule 12b-1
fee paid by each Fund with respect to its Class A shares is comprised of (a) a
servicing fee equal to .25% of the Fund's average daily net assets attributable
to Class A shares and (b) a distribution fee equal to .25% of the Fund's average
daily net assets attributable to Class A shares. The 1.00% Rule 12b-1 fee paid
by each Fund with respect to its Class B shares is comprised of (i) a servicing
fee equal to .25% of the Fund's average daily net assets attributable to Class B
shares and (b) a distribution fee equal to .75% of the Fund's average daily net
assets attributable to Class B shares.
Distribution Expenses under the Plan include, but are not limited to,
initial and ongoing sales compensation (in addition to sales charges) paid to
Investment Executives of the Distributor and to other broker-dealers; interest
expenses; expenses incurred in the printing of prospectuses, statements of
additional information and reports used for sales purposes; expenses of
preparation and distribution of sales literature; expenses of advertising of any
type; an allocation of the Distributor's overhead; and payments to and expenses
of persons who provide support services in connection with the distribution of
Fund shares. Shareholder Servicing Costs include all expenses of the
Distributor incurred in connection with providing administrative or accounting
services to shareholders, including, but not limited to, an allocation of the
Distributor's overhead and payments made to persons, including employees of the
Distributor, who respond to inquiries of shareholders of the Funds regarding
their ownership of shares or their accounts with the Funds, or who provide other
administrative services not otherwise required to be provided by the Funds'
Adviser or transfer agent.
The table below sets forth the net distribution fees (the Distributor's
voluntary limitation of fees is discussed below) paid by the Funds for the
periods indicated.
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<PAGE>
Distribution fees Distribution fees Distribution fees
for the fiscal for the fiscal for the fiscal
year ended year ended year ended
Fund September 30, 1995 September 30, 1996 September 30, 1997
- ---- ------------------ ------------------ -------------------
Growth Fund $ 552,509 $ 546,436 $
Emerging Growth Fund 692,842 845,637
Small Company Growth Fund 196,463 127,005
Growth and Income Fund 216,333 263,642
Balanced Fund 137,063 141,132
The Distributor voluntarily limited the amounts payable under the
Distribution Plan to an annual rate of .32% of average daily net assets for each
Fund for the fiscal years ended September 30, 1995, 1996 and, for each Fund's
Class A shares, to an annual rate of .34% of average daily net assets for the
fiscal year ended December 31, 1997. The voluntary limitations for the fiscal
year ending September 30, 1998 are .34% of each Fund's average daily net assets
attributable to Class A shares. The Distributor does not intend to limit Rule
12b-1 fees payable with respect to any Fund's Class B shares.
Fees payable under the Distribution Plan for the fiscal year ended
September 30, 1997, were used by the Distributor as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Growth Emerging Small Company Growth and Balanced
Fund Growth Fund Growth Fund Income Fund Fund
------ ----------- ------------- ----------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Advertising $ $ $ $ $
Printing and mailing
of prospectuses to
other than current
shareholders
Compensation to
underwriters (trail
fees to investment
executives)
Compensation to
dealers
Compensation to
sales personnel
Interest, carrying or
other financing charge
Other (specify) _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
Total $ $ $ $ $
</TABLE>
UNDERWRITING AND DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT
Pursuant to an Underwriting and Distribution Agreement, the Distributor has
agreed to act as the principal underwriter for the Funds in the sale and
distribution to the public of shares of the Funds, either through dealers or
otherwise. The Distributor has agreed to offer such shares for sale at all
times when such shares are available for sale and may lawfully be offered for
sale and sold. As
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<PAGE>
compensation for its services, in addition to receiving fees pursuant to the
Distribution Plan discussed above, the Distributor receives the initial sales
charge on sales of Class A shares of the Funds and any contingent deferred sales
charge imposed on redemptions of Class B shares of the Funds and redemption of
certain Class A shares of the Funds that were not subject to an initial sales
charge, as set forth in the respective Prospectuses. The following table sets
forth the aggregate dollar amount of underwriting commissions paid by the Funds
for the periods indicated and the amount of such commissions retained by the
Distributor.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Total Underwriting Commissions Underwriting Commissions Retained by Distributor
------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------
Fiscal year ended Fiscal year ended Fiscal year ended Fiscal year ended Fiscal year ended Fiscal year ended
Sept. 30, 1995 Sept. 30, 1996 Sept. 30, 1997 Sept. 30, 1995 Sept. 30, 1996 Sept. 30, 1997
-------------- -------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Growth Fund $133,585 $169,574 $ $ 77,479 $100,049 $
Emerging
Growth Fund 288,665 695,309 167,426 410,232
Small Company
Growth Fund 39,339 23,234 22,817 13,708
Growth and
Income Fund 67,532 187,370 39,169 110,548
Balanced Fund 42,214 73,382 24,484 43,295
</TABLE>
For the same periods, in addition to retaining the underwriting commissions
set forth above, the Distributor received brokerage commissions from the Funds
as set forth below.
Brokerage Commissions Paid to Distributor
----------------------------------------------------------
Fiscal Year Ended Fiscal Year Ended Fiscal Year Ended
September 30, 1995 September 30, 1996 September 30, 1997
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Growth Fund $ 0 $ 0 $
Emerging Growth Fund 15,314 3,726
Small Company Growth Fund 125,638 65,924
Growth and Income Fund 0 0
Balanced Fund 0 0
TRANSFER AGENT AND DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT
Investors Fiduciary Trust Company ("IFTC"), the transfer agent for the
Company, maintains certain omnibus shareholder accounts for each of the Funds.
Each such omnibus account represents the accounts of a number of individual
shareholders of a Fund. The Company has entered into Shareholder Account
Servicing Agreements with the Distributor and Piper Trust Company ("Piper
Trust"), pursuant to which the Distributor and Piper Trust provide certain
transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent services for the underlying
individual shareholder accounts held at the respective companies. Pursuant to
such Agreements, the Distributor and Piper Trust have agreed to perform the
usual and ordinary services of transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent not
performed by IFTC with respect to the underlying individual shareholder
accounts, including, without limitation, the following: maintaining all
shareholder accounts, preparing shareholder meeting lists, mailing shareholder
reports and prospectuses, tracking
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<PAGE>
shareholder accounts for blue sky and Rule l2b-1 purposes, withholding taxes on
nonresident alien and foreign corporation accounts, preparing and mailing checks
for disbursement of income dividends and capital gains distributions, preparing
and filing U.S. Treasury Department Form 1099 for all shareholders, preparing
and mailing confirmation forms to shareholders and dealers with respect to all
purchases, exchanges and liquidations of series shares and other transactions in
shareholder accounts for which confirmations are required, recording
reinvestments of dividends and distributions in series shares, recording
redemptions of series shares, and preparing and mailing checks for payments upon
redemption and for disbursements to withdrawal plan holders. As compensation
for such services, the Distributor and Piper Trust are paid annual fees of $6.00
per active shareholder account (defined as an account that has a balance of
shares) by each Fund and $1.60 per closed account (defined as an account that
does not have a balance of shares but has had activity within the past 12
months) by each Fund. Such fees are payable on a monthly basis at a rate of
1/12 of the annual per-account charge. Such fees cover all services listed
above, with the exception of preparing shareholder meeting lists and mailing
shareholder reports and prospectuses. These services, along with proxy
processing (if applicable) and other special service requests, are billable as
performed at a mutually agreed upon fee in addition to the annual fee noted
above, provided that such mutually agreed upon fee shall be fair and reasonable
in light of the usual and customary charges made by others for services of the
same nature and quality.
During the fiscal year ended September 30, 1997, the Funds paid the
following amounts to the Distributor and Piper Trust under the Shareholder
Account Servicing Agreements.
Amount paid Amount paid
to Distributor to Piper Trust
-------------- --------------
Growth Fund $ $
Emerging Growth Fund
Small Company Growth Fund
Growth and Income Fund
Balanced Fund
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND ALLOCATION OF BROKERAGE
The Adviser is responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities for the
Funds, the selection of broker-dealers to effect the transactions and the
negotiation of brokerage commissions, if any. In placing orders for securities
transactions, the primary criterion for the selection of a broker-dealer is the
ability of the broker-dealer, in the opinion of the Adviser, to secure prompt
execution of the transactions on favorable terms, including the reasonableness
of the commission and considering the state of the market at the time.
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<PAGE>
When consistent with these objectives, business may be placed with
broker-dealers who furnish investment research or services to the Adviser. Such
research or services include advice, both directly and in writing, as to the
value of securities; the advisability of investing in, purchasing or selling
securities; and the availability of securities, or purchasers or sellers of
securities; as well as analyses and reports concerning issues, industries,
securities, economic factors and trends, portfolio strategy and the performance
of accounts. This allows the Adviser to supplement its own investment research
activities and enables the Adviser to obtain the views and information of
individuals and research staffs of many different securities firms prior to
making investment decisions for the Funds. To the extent portfolio transactions
are effected with broker-dealers who furnish research services to the Adviser,
the Adviser receives a benefit, not capable of evaluation in dollar amounts,
without providing any direct monetary benefit to the Funds from these
transactions. The Adviser believes that most research services obtained by it
generally benefit several or all of the investment companies and private
accounts which it manages, as opposed to solely benefiting one specific managed
fund or account. Normally, research services obtained through managed funds or
accounts investing in common stocks would primarily benefit the managed funds or
accounts which invest in common stock; similarly, services obtained from
transactions in fixed-income securities would normally be of greater benefit to
the managed funds or accounts which invest in debt securities. The Funds will
not purchase at a higher price or sell at a lower price in connection with
transactions effected with a director, acting as principal, who furnishes
research services to the Adviser than would be the case if no weight were given
by the Adviser to the dealer's furnishing of such services.
The Adviser has not entered into any formal or informal agreements with any
broker-dealers, nor does it maintain any "formula" which must be followed in
connection with the placement of the Funds' portfolio transactions in exchange
for research services provided the Adviser, except as noted below. However, the
Adviser does maintain an informal list of broker-dealers, which is used from
time to time as a general guide in the placement of the Funds' business, in
order to encourage certain broker-dealers to provide the Adviser with research
services which the Adviser anticipates will be useful to it. Because the list
is merely a general guide, which is to be used only after the primary criterion
for the selection of broker-dealers (discussed above) has been met, substantial
deviations from the list are permissible and may be expected to occur. The
Adviser will authorize the Funds to pay an amount of commission for effecting a
securities transaction in excess of the amount of commission another
broker-dealer would have charged only if the Adviser determines in good faith
that such amount of commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the
brokerage and research services provided by such broker-dealer, viewed in terms
of either that particular transaction or the Adviser's overall responsibilities
with respect to the accounts as to which it exercises investment discretion.
Generally, the Funds pay higher than the lowest commission rates available.
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<PAGE>
Portfolio transactions for the Funds, including transactions in futures
contracts and options thereon, may be effected through the Distributor. In
determining the commissions to be paid to the Distributor in connection with
transactions effected on a securities exchange, it is the policy of the Funds
that such commissions will, in the judgment of the Adviser, subject to review by
the Board of Directors, be both (a) at least as favorable as those which would
be charged by other qualified brokers or futures commission merchants in
connection with comparable transactions involving similar securities or similar
futures contracts or options on futures contracts being purchased or sold on an
exchange during a comparable period of time, and (b) at least as favorable as
commissions contemporaneously charged by the Distributor on comparable
transactions for its most favored comparable unaffiliated customers. While the
Funds do not deem it practicable and in their best interest to solicit
competitive bids for commission rates on each transaction, consideration will
regularly be given to posted commission rates as well as to other information
concerning the level of commissions charged on comparable transactions by other
qualified brokers and futures commission merchants.
The Funds paid the following brokerage commissions for the periods
indicated:
Fiscal Year Ended Fiscal Year Ended Fiscal Year Ended
September 30, 1995 September 30, 1996 September 30, 1997
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Growth Fund $ 451,281 $ 104,995 $
Emerging Growth Fund 193,809 208,245
Small Company Growth Fund 325,156 110,776
Growth and Income Fund 38,430 50,309
Balanced Fund 16,115 8,592
The following table sets forth additional information with respect to
brokerage commissions paid by each Fund during the fiscal year ended
September 30, 1997:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% of Fund's aggregate
dollar amount of
transactions involving
% of Fund's payment of
Brokerage total brokerage commissions which
Total brokerage commissions paid commissions paid was effected through
commissions paid to Distributor to Distributor the Distributor
---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ----------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Growth Fund $ $
Emerging Growth Fund
Small Company Growth Fund
Growth and Income Fund
Balanced Fund
</TABLE>
From time to time the Funds may acquire the securities of their regular
brokers or dealers or parent companies of such brokers or dealers. _______
Fund held $______ of securities issued by ________ at fiscal year end. During
the fiscal
-36-
<PAGE>
year, _____________ Fund purchased securities issued by _____________ and held
$______ of securities issued by ______ at fiscal year end.
OPTION TRADING LIMITS
The writing by the Funds of options on securities will be subject to
limitations established by each of the registered securities exchanges on which
such options are traded. Such limitations govern the maximum number of options
in each class which may be written by a single investor or group of investors
acting in concert, regardless of whether the options are written on the same or
different securities exchanges or are held or written in one or more accounts or
through one or more brokers. Thus, the number of options which one Fund may
write may be affected by options written by the other Funds and other series of
the Companies and by other investment advisory clients of the Adviser. An
exchange may order the liquidation of positions found to be in excess of these
limits, and it may impose certain other sanctions.
CAPITAL STOCK AND OWNERSHIP OF SHARES
The Company, which was organized under the laws of the State of Minnesota
in 1986, is authorized to issue a total of 10 trillion shares of common stock,
with a par value of $.01 per share. Three hundred and ninety billion of these
shares have been authorized by the Board of Directors to be issued in twelve
separate series, as follows: Growth Fund, Emerging Growth Fund, Small Company
Growth Fund, Growth and Income Fund, Balanced Fund, Government Income Fund,
Intermediate Bond Fund, National Tax-Exempt Fund and Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund,
each of which has ten billion authorized shares, and Money Market Fund,
Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund and U.S. Government Money Market Fund, each of
which has one hundred billion authorized shares.
Each Fund's shares constitute a separate series of the Company's common
stock. The assets received by the Company for the issue or sale of shares of
each series, and all income, earnings, profits and proceeds thereof, subject
only to the rights of creditors, will be allocated to such series, and
constitute the underlying assets of such series. The underlying assets of each
series are required to be segregated on the books of account, and are to be
charged with the expenses relating to such series and with a share of the
general expenses of the Company. Any general expenses of the Company not
readily identifiable as belonging to a particular series shall be allocated
among the series based on the relative net assets of the series at the time such
expenses were accrued.
The Board of Directors is empowered under the Articles of Incorporation to
issue additional series of common stock without shareholder approval. In
addition, the Board of Directors may, without shareholder approval, create and
issue one or more additional classes of shares within each Fund, as well as
within any series of the Company created in the future.
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<PAGE>
All shares, when issued, will be fully paid and nonassessable and will be
redeemable. All shares have equal voting rights. They can be issued as full or
fractional shares. A fractional share has pro-rata the same kind of rights and
privileges as a full share. The shares possess no preemptive or conversion
rights.
Each share of a series has one vote (with proportionate voting for
fractional shares) irrespective of the relative net asset value of the series'
shares. On some issues, such as the election of directors, all shares of the
Company vote together as one series. On an issue affecting only a particular
series, the shares of the affected series vote separately. Cumulative voting is
not authorized. This means that the holders of more than 50% of the shares
voting for the election of directors can elect 100% of the directors if they
choose to do so, and, in such event, the holders of the remaining shares will be
unable to elect any directors.
As of ________, 1997, no shareholder owned of record or was known by the
Funds to own beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of any class of
any of the Funds except as follows: __________________. The directors and
officers of the Company as a group owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares
of each Fund, and of each class thereof, as of such date.
NET ASSET VALUE AND PUBLIC OFFERING PRICE
The method for determining the public offering price of Fund shares is
summarized in each Prospectus in the text following the headings "How to
Purchase Shares--Purchase Price" and "Valuation of Shares." The net asset value
of each Fund's shares is determined on each day on which the New York Stock
Exchange is open, provided that the net asset value need not be determined on
days when no Fund shares are tendered for redemption and no order for Fund
shares is received. The New York Stock Exchange is not open for business on the
following holidays (or on the nearest Monday or Friday if the holiday falls on a
weekend): New Year's Day, Presidents' Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, July 4th,
Labor Day, Thanksgiving and Christmas.
The portfolio securities in which each Fund invests fluctuate in value, and
hence the net asset value per share of each Fund also fluctuates. On
September 30, 1997, the net asset value per share for each Fund was calculated
as follows:
GROWTH FUND--CLASS A SHARES
Net Assets ($__________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
______________________________________
Shares Outstanding (________) ($_____)
GROWTH FUND--CLASS B SHARES
Net Assets ($__________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
______________________________________
Shares Outstanding (________) ($_____)
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<PAGE>
EMERGING GROWTH FUND--CLASS A SHARES
Net Assets ($_________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
______________________________________
Shares Outstanding (________) ($_____)
EMERGING GROWTH FUND--CLASS B SHARES
Net Assets ($_________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
______________________________________
Shares Outstanding (________) ($_____)
EMERGING GROWTH FUND--CLASS Y SHARES
Net Assets ($_________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
______________________________________
Shares Outstanding (________) ($_____)
SMALL COMPANY GROWTH FUND--CLASS A SHARES
Net Assets ($________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
______________________________________
Shares Outstanding (________) ($_____)
SMALL COMPANY GROWTH FUND--CLASS B SHARES
Net Assets ($________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
______________________________________
Shares Outstanding (________) ($_____)
GROWTH AND INCOME FUND--CLASS A SHARES
Net Assets ($_________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
______________________________________
Shares Outstanding (________) ($_____)
GROWTH AND INCOME FUND--CLASS B SHARES
Net Assets ($_________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
______________________________________
Shares Outstanding (________) ($_____)
GROWTH AND INCOME FUND--CLASS Y SHARES
Net Assets ($_________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
______________________________________
Shares Outstanding (________) ($_____)
BALANCED FUND--CLASS A SHARES
Net Assets ($_________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
______________________________________
Shares Outstanding (________) ($_____)
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<PAGE>
BALANCED FUND--CLASS B SHARES
Net Assets ($_________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
______________________________________
Shares Outstanding (________) ($_____)
PERFORMANCE COMPARISONS
Advertisements and other sales literature for the Funds may refer to a
Fund's "average annual total return" and "cumulative total return." In
addition, each Fund may provide yield calculations in advertisements and other
sales literature. All such yield and total return quotations are based on
historical earnings and are not intended to indicate future performance. The
return on and principal value of an investment in any of the Funds will
fluctuate, so that an investor's shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or
less than their original cost.
Average annual total return is the average annual compounded rate of return
on a hypothetical $1,000 investment made at the beginning of the advertised
period. Average annual total return figures are computed according to the
following formula:
n
P(1+T) = ERV
Where: P = a hypothetical initial payment of $1,000;
T = average annual total return;
n = number of years; and
ERV = ending redeemable value at the end of the period
of a hypothetical $1,000 payment made at the
beginning of such period.
This calculation deducts the maximum sales charge from the initial hypothetical
$1,000 investment, assumes all dividends and capital gains distributions are
reinvested at net asset value on the appropriate reinvestment dates as described
in the applicable Prospectus, and includes all recurring fees, such as
investment advisory and management fees, charged to all shareholder accounts.
The following tables set forth the average annual total returns for the
Class A shares of each Fund for one year, five years and since inception (ten
years with respect to Growth Fund) for the period ending September 30, 1997 and
for the Class B and Class Y shares of the Funds for the period since inception
through September 30, 1997.
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<PAGE>
Average Annual Total Returns--Class A Shares
--------------------------------------------
1 Year 5 Years Since Inception
------ ------- ---------------
Growth Fund % % % (1)
Emerging Growth Fund % % % (3)
Small Company Growth Fund % % % (1)
Growth and Income Fund % % % (2)
Balanced Fund % % % (1)
- -----------------
(1) Inception date: 3/16/87. The performance information provided is for ten
years. Small Company Growth Fund's investment objective was changed to
long-term capital appreciation on September 13, 1996. Prior to that date,
the Fund was named Equity Strategy Fund and had an investment objective of
high total investment return consistent with prudent investment risk.
(2) Inception date: 7/27/92.
(3) Inception date: 4/23/90.
Average Annual Total Return Since Inception (1)
-----------------------------------------------
Class B Shares Class Y Shares
-------------- --------------
Growth Fund % N/A
Emerging Growth Fund % %
Small Company Growth Fund % N/A
Growth and Income Fund % %
Balanced Fund % N/A
- ------------------
(1) Inception date: ________.
The Distributor has voluntarily limited Rule 12b-1 fees and the Adviser has
paid certain expenses of some of the Funds, thereby increasing total return and
yield. These fees and expenses may or may not waived or paid in the future in
the Distributor's and the Adviser's discretion. Absent any voluntary expense
payments or fee waivers, the average annual total returns for the Class A shares
of such Funds for one year, five years and since inception (ten years with
respect to Growth Fund) for the period ending September 30, 1997 and for the
Class B and Class Y shares of the Funds for the period since inception through
September 30, 1997 would have been:
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<PAGE>
Average Annual Total Returns--Class A Shares
--------------------------------------------
(absent voluntary fee waivers and expense payments)
1 Year 5 Years Since Inception
------ ------- ---------------
Growth Fund 11.99% 9.72% 11.60%(1)
Emerging Growth Fund 12.88% 15.99% 18.01%(3)
Small Company Growth Fund 0.68% 8.77% 7.85%(1)
Growth and Income Fund 14.47% N/A 11.62%(2)
Balanced Fund 5.38% 9.78% 7.93%(1)
- -----------------
(1) Inception date: 3/16/87. The performance information provided is for ten
years. Small Company Growth Fund's investment objective was changed to
long-term capital appreciation on September 13, 1996. Prior to that date,
the Fund was named Equity Strategy Fund and had an investment objective of
high total investment return consistent with prudent investment risk.
(2) Inception date: 7/27/92
(3) Inception date: 4/23/90
Average Annual Total Return Since Inception (1)
-----------------------------------------------
(absent voluntary fee waivers and expense payments)
Class B Shares Class Y Shares
-------------- --------------
Growth Fund % N/A
Emerging Growth Fund % %
Small Company Growth Fund % N/A
Growth and Income Fund % %
Balanced Fund % N/A
- -----------------
(1) Inception date: ________.
Cumulative total return is calculated by subtracting a hypothetical $1,000
payment to a Fund from the redeemable value of such payment at the end of the
advertised period, dividing such difference by $1,000 and multiplying the
quotient by 100. Cumulative total return is computed according to the following
formula:
CTR = (ERV-P) 100
-----
P
Where: CTR = Cumulative total return;
ERV = ending redeemable value at the end of the period
of a hypothetical $1,000 payment made at the
beginning of such period; and
P = initial payment of $1,000.
This calculation assumes all dividends and capital gain distributions are
reinvested at net asset value on the appropriate reinvestment dates as described
in the applicable Prospectus and includes all recurring fees, such as investment
advisory and management fees, charged to all shareholder accounts.
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<PAGE>
The following table sets forth the cumulative total returns for each Fund
from inception to September 30, 1997.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Cumulative Total Returns
(absent voluntary fee waivers
Cumulative Total Returns and expense payments)
----------------------------- ----------------------------
Class A Class B Class Y Class A Class B Class Y
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Growth Fund (1) % % N/A % % N/A
Emerging Growth Fund (3) % % % % % %
Small Company Growth Fund (1) % % N/A % % N/A
Growth and Income Fund (2) % % % % % %
Balanced Fund (1) % % N/A % % N/A
</TABLE>
- ----------------
(1) Inception date: 3/16/87 (Class A shares), ________ (Class B shares).
Small Company Growth Fund's investment objective was changed to long-term
capital appreciation on September 13, 1996. Prior to that date, the Fund
was named Equity Strategy Fund and had an investment objective of high
total investment return consistent with prudent investment risk.
(2) Inception date: 7/27/92 (Class A shares), ______ (Class B and Class Y
shares).
(3) Inception date: 4/23/90 (Class A shares), ______ (Class B and Class Y
shares).
Balanced Fund and Growth and Income Fund may issue yield quotations. Yield
is computed by dividing the net investment income per share (as defined under
Securities and Exchange Commission rules and regulations) earned during the
advertised period by the offering price per share (including the maximum sales
charge) on the last day of the period. The result will then be "annualized"
using a formula that provides for semi-annual compounding of income. Yield is
computed according to the following formula:
YIELD = 2[(a-b + 1)(6) - 1]
___
cd
Where: a = dividends and interest earned during the period;
b = expenses accrued for the period (net of
reimbursements);
c = the average daily number of shares outstanding during
the period that were entitled to receive dividends; and
d = the maximum offering price per share on the last day of
the period.
For the 30-day period ended September 30, 1997, the Class A shares of
Balanced Fund and Growth and Income Fund had yields of ___% and ___%,
respectively, Class B shares had yields of ___% and ___%, respectively, and
Class Y shares of Growth and Income Fund had a yield of ___%. Had the
Distributor not voluntarily waived a portion of its Rule 12b-1 fees, the 30-day
yield as of September 30, 1997 would have been ___% and ___%, respectively, for
the Class A shares of Balanced Fund and Growth Fund, ___% and ___%,
respectively, for the Class B shares, and ___% for the Class Y shares of Growth
and Income Fund.
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<PAGE>
In addition to advertising total return and yield, comparative performance
information may be used from time to time in advertising the Funds' shares,
including data from Lipper Analytical Services, Inc. ("Lipper"), Morningstar,
other industry publications and other entities or organizations which track the
performance of investment companies. The performance of each Fund may be
compared to that of its unmanaged benchmark index and to the performance of
similar funds as reported by Lipper. Each Fund's benchmark index and comparison
group are set forth below.
Performance information for the Funds also may be compared to other
unmanaged indices. Unmanaged indices do not reflect deductions for
administrative and management costs and expenses. The Funds may also include in
advertisements and communications to Fund shareholders evaluations of a Fund
published by nationally recognized ranking services and by financial
publications that are nationally recognized, such as BARRON'S, BUSINESS WEEK,
FORBES, INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR, INVESTOR'S DAILY, MONEY, KIPLINGER'S PERSONAL
FINANCE MAGAZINE, MORNINGSTAR MUTUAL FUND VALUES, THE NEW YORK TIMES, USA TODAY
and THE WALL STREET JOURNAL.
The performance of Growth Fund may be compared to the performance of the
Growth Funds Average, as reported by Lipper, and to the performance of the S&P
500 Index. The performance of Emerging Growth Fund may be compared to the
performance of the MidCap Funds Average, as reported by Lipper, and to the
performance of the S&P MidCap 400 Index. The performance of Small Company
Growth Fund may be compared to the performance of the Small Company Growth Funds
Average, as reported by Lipper, and to the performance of the S&P SmallCap 600
Index. The performance of Growth and Income Fund may be compared to the
performance of the Growth and Income Funds Average, as reported by Lipper, and
to the performance of the S&P 500 Index. The performance of Balanced Fund may
be compared to the performance of the Balanced Funds Average, as reported by
Lipper, and to the performance of the Lehman Brothers Government Corporate Index
and the S&P 500 Index.
PURCHASE OF SHARES
For Class A shares of the Funds, an investor may qualify for a reduced
sales charge through one or more of several plans. An investor must notify his
or her Piper Jaffray Investment Executive or broker-dealer at the time of
purchase to take advantage of these plans.
COMBINED PURCHASE PLAN
An investor may reduce or eliminate front-end or initial sales charges by
aggregating his or her purchase with purchases of certain related personal
accounts. In addition, purchases made by members of certain organized groups
will be aggregated for purposes of determining sales charges. Sales charges are
calculated by
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<PAGE>
adding the dollar amount of the investor's current purchase to the higher of the
cost or current value of Class A shares of any Piper fund sold with a front-end
sales charge that are currently held by the investor and the investor's related
accounts or by other members of the organized group.
QUALIFIED GROUPS. Purchases in the following personal accounts may be
grouped together:
- The investor's individual account.
- The account of the investor's spouse.
- Accounts of the investor's children.
- The investor's employee benefit plan accounts if they are exclusively
for his or her benefit. This includes accounts such as IRAs, individual
403(b) plans or single-participant Keogh-type plans but does not include
plans that cover more than one participant.
- A trust or trusts created for the primary benefit of the investor, his
or her spouse or his or her children.
Additionally, purchases made by members of any organized group meeting the
requirements listed below may be aggregated for purposes of determining sales
charges:
- The group has been in existence for more than six months.
- It is not organized for the purpose of buying redeemable securities of a
registered investment company.
- Purchases must be made through a central administration, or through a
single dealer, or by other means that results in economy of sales effort or
expense.
An organized group does not include a group of individuals whose sole
organizational connection is participation as credit card holders of a company,
policyholders of an insurance company, customers of either a bank or
broker-dealer or clients of an investment adviser.
ACCUMULATION PRIVILEGE
Initial sales charges for purchases of Class A Fund shares into Piper
Jaffray accounts will be automatically calculated taking into account the dollar
amount of any new purchases along with the higher of current value or cost of
Class A shares previously purchased in any other mutual fund managed by the
Adviser, provided
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<PAGE>
such shares were sold with an initial sales charge. For other broker-dealer
accounts, an investor should notify his or her Investment Executive at the time
of purchase of additional Piper fund shares the investor owns.
LETTER OF INTENT
An investor's initial sales charge may be reduced by signing a non-binding
Letter of Intent, which the investor can obtain by contacting his or her Piper
Jaffray Investment Executive or other broker-dealer. This Letter of Intent will
state the investor's intention to invest $100,000 or more in Class A shares of
any of the mutual funds managed by the Adviser that are sold with an initial
sales charge over a 13-month period, beginning not earlier than 90 days prior to
the date the investor signs the Letter. The investor will pay the lower sales
charge applicable to the total amount he or she plans to invest over the
13-month period.
Any redemptions made during the term of the Letter of Intent will be
subtracted from the amount of purchases in determining whether the Letter of
Intent has been completed. During the term of a Letter of Intent, IFTC will
hold shares representing 5% of the amount that the investor intends to invest
during the 13-month period in escrow for payment of a higher sales charge if the
full amount indicated in the Letter of Intent is not purchased. Dividends on
the escrowed shares will be paid to the shareholder. The escrowed shares will
be released when the full amount indicated has been purchased. If the full
indicated amount is not purchased within the 13-month period, the investor will
be required to pay, either in cash or by liquidating escrowed shares, an amount
equal to the difference in the dollar amount of sales charge actually paid and
the amount of sales charge the investor would have paid on his or her aggregate
purchases if the total of such purchases had been made at a single time.
SPECIAL PURCHASE PLANS
Class A shares of the Funds are available without a sales charge in the
following situations:
PURCHASES BY PIPER JAFFRAY COMPANIES, INC., ITS SUBSIDIARIES AND ASSOCIATED
PERSONS
Piper Jaffray Companies Inc. and its subsidiaries may buy Class A shares of
the Funds without incurring a sales charge. The following persons associated
with such entities also may buy Class A Fund shares without paying a sales
charge:
- Officers, directors and their spouses.
- Employees, retirees and their spouses.
- Sales representatives and their spouses.
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<PAGE>
- Children, grandchildren, parents, grandparents or siblings of any of the
above, or spouses of any of these persons.
- Any trust, pension, profit-sharing or other benefit plan for any of the
above.
All persons in the first four groups set forth above may continue to add to
their accounts even after their company relationships have ended.
PURCHASES BY BROKER-DEALERS
Employees of broker-dealers who have entered into sales agreements with the
Distributor, and spouses and children under the age of 21 of such employees, may
buy Class A shares of the Funds without incurring a sales charge.
PURCHASES BY OTHER INDIVIDUALS WITHOUT A SALES CHARGE
The following other individuals and entities may also buy Class A Fund
shares without paying a sales charge:
- Clients of the Adviser buying shares of the Funds in their advisory
accounts.
- Trust companies, including Piper Trust Company, and bank trust
departments using funds over which they exercise discretionary investment
authority and which are held in a fiduciary, agency, advisory, custodial or
similar capacity.
- Investors purchasing shares through a Piper Jaffray Investment Executive
if the purchase of such shares is funded by the proceeds from the sale of
shares of any non-money market open-end fund that is not managed by the
Adviser. This privilege is available for 30 days after the sale.
- Former shareholders of American Government Term Trust Inc. may invest
the distributions received by them in connection with the dissolution of
such fund in shares of the Funds without payment of a sales charge.
- Investors purchasing shares through a wrap fee account established by
the Distributor or by another broker-dealer who has entered into a selected
dealer agreement with the Distributor.
PURCHASES BY EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
Class A shares of the Funds will be sold at net asset value, without a
sales charge, to employee benefit plans containing an actively maintained
qualified cash or deferred arrangement under Section 401(k) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986,
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<PAGE>
as amended (the "Code") (a "401(k) Plan"). In the event a 401(k) Plan of an
employer has purchased Class A shares in the Funds or any other series of the
Company (other than a money market fund) during a calendar quarter, any other
employee benefit plan of such employer that is a qualified plan under Section
401(a) of the Code also may purchase Class A shares of the Funds during such
quarter without incurring a sales charge.
REDEMPTION OF SHARES
GENERAL
Redemption of shares, or payment, may be suspended at times (a) when the
New York Stock Exchange is closed for other than customary weekend or holiday
closings, (b) when trading on said Exchange is restricted, (c) when an emergency
exists, as a result of which disposal by the Funds of securities owned by them
is not reasonably practicable, or it is not reasonably practicable for the Funds
fairly to determine the value of their net assets, or (d) during any other
period when the Securities and Exchange Commission, by order, so permits,
provided that applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange
Commission shall govern as to whether the conditions prescribed in (b) or (c)
exist.
Shareholders who purchased shares through a broker-dealer other than the
Distributor may also redeem such shares by written request to IFTC at the
address set forth in the Prospectus. To be considered in proper form, written
requests for redemption should indicate the dollar amount or number of shares to
be redeemed, refer to the shareholder's Fund account number, and give either a
social security or tax identification number. The request should be signed in
exactly the same way the account is registered. If there is more than one owner
of the shares, all owners must sign. If shares to be redeemed have a value of
$10,000 or more or redemption proceeds are to be paid to someone other than the
shareholder at the shareholder's address of record, the signature(s) must be
guaranteed by an "eligible guarantor institution," which includes a commercial
bank that is a member of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, a trust
company, a member firm of a domestic stock exchange, a savings association or a
credit union that is authorized by its charter to provide a signature guarantee.
IFTC may reject redemption instructions if the guarantor is neither a member of
nor a participant in a signature guarantee program. Signature guarantees by
notaries public are not acceptable. The purpose of a signature guarantee is to
protect shareholders against the possibility of fraud. Further documentation
will be requested from corporations, administrators, executors, personal
representatives, trustees and custodians. Redemption requests given by
facsimile will not be accepted. Unless other instructions are given in proper
form, a check for the proceeds of the redemption will be sent to the
shareholder's address of record.
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<PAGE>
REINVESTING AFTER A SALE
A shareholder who has redeemed Class A shares of a Fund may reinvest all or
part of the redemption proceeds in Class A shares of any fund managed by the
Adviser within 30 days without payment of an additional sales charge. If the
shareholder paid a contingent deferred sales charge ("CDSC") in connection with
such redemption of Class A shares, the Distributor will refund a proportional
amount of such CDSC. Similarly, a shareholder who has redeemed Class B shares
of a Fund may reinvest all or a part of the redemption proceeds in the Class B
shares of any fund managed by the Adviser within 30 days of such redemption and
the Distributor will refund a proportional amount of the CDSC paid on such
redemption. Such refund will be based upon the ratio of the net asset value of
shares purchased in the reinvestment to the net asset value of shares redeemed.
Reinvestments will be allowed at net asset value (without the payment of an
initial sales charge in the case of Class A shares), irrespective of the amounts
of the reinvestment, but shall be subject to the same pro rata CDSC that was
applicable to the earlier investment; however, the period during which the CDSC
shall apply on the newly issued shares shall be the period applicable to the
redeemed shares extended by the number of days between the redemption and the
reinvestment dates (inclusive).
SYSTEMATIC WITHDRAWAL PLAN
To establish a Systematic Withdrawal Plan for any Fund and receive regular
periodic payments, an account must have a value of $5,000 or more ($1 million or
more in the case of Class Y shares). A request to establish a Systematic
Withdrawal Plan must be submitted in writing to an investor's Piper Jaffray
Investment Executive or other broker-dealer. There are no service charges for
maintenance; the minimum amount that may be withdrawn each period is $100.
(This is merely the minimum amount allowed and should not be interpreted as a
recommended amount.) The holder of a Systematic Withdrawal Plan will have any
income dividends and any capital gains distributions reinvested in full and
fractional shares of the same Class at net asset value. To provide funds for
payment, the appropriate Fund will redeem as many full and fractional shares as
necessary at the redemption price, which is net asset value. Redemption of
shares may reduce or possibly exhaust the shares in your account, particularly
in the event of a market decline. As with other redemptions, a redemption to
make a withdrawal payment is a sale for federal income tax purposes. Payments
made pursuant to a Systematic Withdrawal Plan cannot be considered as actual
yield or income since part of such payments may be a return of capital.
A confirmation of each transaction showing the sources of the payment and
the share and cash balance remaining in the account will be sent. The plan may
be terminated on written notice by the shareholder or the appropriate Fund, and
it will terminate automatically if all shares are liquidated or withdrawn from
the account or upon the death or incapacity of the shareholder. The amount and
schedule of
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withdrawal payments may be changed or suspended by giving written notice to your
Piper Jaffray Investment Executive or other broker-dealer at least seven
business days prior to the end of the month preceding a scheduled payment.
TAXATION
Each Fund is treated as a separate corporation for federal income tax
purposes under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
(the "Code"). Therefore, each Fund is treated separately in determining whether
it qualifies as a regulated investment company under the Code and for purposes
of determining the net ordinary income (or loss), net realized capital gains (or
losses) and distributions necessary to relieve such Fund of any federal income
tax liability. Each Fund qualified as a regulated investment company during its
last taxable year and each Fund intends to so qualify during the current taxable
year. To qualify as a regulated investment company a Fund must, among other
things, receive at least 90% of its gross income each year from dividends,
interest, gains from the sale or other disposition of securities and certain
other types of income, including income from options and futures contracts.
The Code requires a regulated investment company to diversify its holdings.
The Internal Revenue Service has not made its position clear regarding the
treatment of futures contracts and options for purposes of the diversification
test, and the extent to which a Fund can buy or sell futures contracts and
options may be limited by this requirement.
If for any taxable year one of the Funds does not qualify as a regulated
investment company, all of its taxable income will be subject to tax at regular
corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to shareholders, and
such distributions will be taxable to the Fund's shareholders as ordinary
dividends to the extent of the Fund's current or accumulated earnings and
profits.
Each Fund will be subject to a nondeductible excise tax equal to 4% of the
excess, if any, of the amount required to be distributed pursuant to the Code
for each calendar year over the amount actually distributed. No amount of such
excess, however, will be subject to the excise tax to the extent it is subject
to the corporate-level income tax. In order to avoid the imposition of this
excise tax, each Fund generally must declare dividends by the end of a calendar
year representing 98% of the Fund's ordinary income for the calendar year and
98% of its capital gain net income (both long-term and short-term capital gains)
for the 12-month period ending October 31 of the calendar year.
Gain or loss on futures contracts and options is taken into account when
realized by entering into a closing transaction or by exercise. In addition,
with respect to many types of futures contracts and options held at the end of a
Fund's taxable year, unrealized gain or loss on such contracts is taken into
account at the then current fair market value thereof under a special
"marked-to-market, 60/40
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<PAGE>
system," and such gain or loss is recognized for tax purposes. The gain or loss
from such futures contracts and options (including premiums on certain options
that expire unexercised) is treated as 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital
gain or loss, regardless of their holding period. The amount of any capital
gain or loss actually realized by a Fund in a subsequent sale or other
disposition of such futures contracts will be adjusted to reflect any capital
gain or loss taken into account by the Fund in a prior year as a result of the
constructive sale under the "marked-to-market, 60/40 system." Notwithstanding
the rules described above, with respect to certain futures contracts, a Fund may
make an election that will have the effect of exempting all or a part of those
identified futures contracts from being treated for federal income tax purposes
as sold on the last business day of the Fund's taxable year. All or part of any
loss realized by the Fund on any closing of a futures contract may be deferred
until all of the Fund's offsetting positions with respect to the futures
contract are closed.
Ordinarily, distributions and redemption proceeds earned by a Fund
shareholder are not subject to withholding of federal income tax. However, 31%
of a Fund shareholder's distributions and redemption proceeds must be withheld
if a Fund shareholder fails to supply the Fund or its agent with such
shareholder's taxpayer identification number or if a Fund shareholder who is
otherwise exempt from withholding fails to properly document such shareholder's
status as an exempt recipient.
Any loss on the sale or exchange of shares of a Fund generally will be
disallowed to the extent that a shareholder acquires or contracts to acquire
shares of the same Fund within 30 days before or after such sale or exchange.
In addition, if a shareholder disposes of shares within 90 days of acquiring
such shares and purchases other shares of the Company or of another mutual fund
managed by the Adviser at a reduced sales charge, the shareholder's tax basis
for determining gain or loss on the shares which are disposed of is reduced by
the lesser of the amount of the sales charge that was paid when the shares
disposed of were acquired or the amount by which the sales charge for the new
shares is reduced. If a shareholder's tax basis is so reduced, the amount of
the reduction is treated as part of the tax basis of the new shares.
Additionally, distributions may be subject to state and local income taxes,
and the treatment thereof may differ from the federal income tax consequences
discussed above.
GENERAL INFORMATION
The Bylaws of the Company provide that shareholder meetings be held only
with such frequency as required under Minnesota law. Minnesota corporation law
requires only that the Board of Directors convene shareholder meetings when it
deems appropriate. In addition, Minnesota law provides that if a regular
meeting of shareholders has not been held during the immediately preceding 15
months, a
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shareholder or shareholders holding 3% or more of the voting shares of a
corporation may demand a regular meeting of shareholders by written notice given
to the chief executive officer or chief financial officer of the corporation.
Within 30 days after receipt of the demand, the Board of Directors shall cause a
regular meeting of shareholders to be called, which meeting shall be held no
later than 90 days after receipt of the demand, all at the expense of the
corporation. In addition, the 1940 Act requires a shareholder vote for all
amendments to fundamental investment policies and restrictions, for all
amendments to investment advisory contracts and for certain amendments to Rule
12b-1 distribution plans.
Minnesota has enacted legislation which authorizes corporations to
eliminate or limit the personal liability of a director to the corporation or
its shareholders for monetary damages for breach of the fiduciary duty of "care"
(the duty to act with the care an ordinarily prudent person in a like position
would exercise under similar circumstances). Minnesota law does not, however,
permit a corporation to eliminate or limit the liability of a director (a) for
any breach of the director's duty of "loyalty" to the corporation or its
shareholders (the duty to act in good faith and in a manner reasonably believed
to be in the best interest of the corporation), (b) for acts or omissions not in
good faith or that involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law,
(c) for authorizing a dividend, stock repurchase or redemption or other
distribution in violation of Minnesota law or for violation of certain
provisions of Minnesota securities laws, or (d) for any transaction from which
the director derived an improper personal benefit. Minnesota law does not
permit elimination or limitation of a director's liability under the Securities
Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the 1940 Act prohibits
elimination or limitation of a director's liability for acts involving willful
malfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties of
a director. The Articles of Incorporation of the Company limit the liability of
directors to the fullest extent permitted by Minnesota law and the 1940 Act.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial statements for the Funds as of September 30, 1997
have been incorporated by reference into this Statement of Additional
Information from the Funds' annual reports to shareholders in reliance on the
reports of KPMG Peat Marwick LLP, 4200 Norwest Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota
55402, independent auditors of the Funds, given on the authority of such firm as
experts in accounting and auditing.
PENDING LITIGATION
Complaints have been brought in federal and state court relating to one
open-end and twelve closed-end investment companies managed by the Adviser and
to two open-end funds for which the Adviser has acted as sub-adviser. On
February 13, 1996, a Settlement Agreement became effective for the consolidated
class action lawsuit, titled IN RE: PIPER FUNDS INC. INSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENT
INCOME PORTFOLIO
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LITIGATION. The Amended Consolidated Class Action Complaint was filed on
October 5, 1994, in the United States District Court, District of Minnesota,
against Institutional Government Income Portfolio (a series of Piper Funds
Inc.), the Adviser, the Distributor, William H. Ellis and Edward J. Kohler, and
had alleged the making of materially misleading statements in the prospectus,
common law negligent misrepresentation and breach of fiduciary duty. The
Settlement Agreement will provide approximately $67.5 million, together with
interest earned, less certain disbursements and attorney fees, to class members
in payments scheduled over approximately three years. Such payments will be
made by Piper Jaffray Companies Inc. and the Adviser and will not be an
obligation of Piper Funds Inc.
Two additional complaints relating to the Institutional Government Income
Portfolio remain pending. These complaints were brought by investors who
requested exclusion from the settlement class and are based on claims similar to
those asserted in the consolidated Class Action complaint. The first pending
complaint was brought on April 11, 1995, and filed in the Minnesota State
District Court, Hennepin County. This action was removed to United States
District Court, District of Minnesota. The plaintiff, Frank R. Berman, Trustee
of Frank R. Berman Professional CP Pension Plan Trust, sued individually and not
on behalf of any putative class. Defendants are the Distributor, Piper Funds
Inc., Morton Silverman and Worth Bruntjen. A second pending complaint relating
to the Institutional Government Income Portfolio was filed on June 22, 1995 in
the Montana Thirteenth Judicial District Court, Yellowstone County by Beverly
Muth against the Distributor and Teresa L. Darnielle. In addition to the above
complaints, actions have been commenced in arbitration by some of individual
investors who requested exclusion from the settlement class in the IN RE: PIPER
FUNDS INC. action.
A complaint was filed by Gary E. Nelson on June 28, 1995 in the United
States District Court for the Western District of Washington at Seattle against
American Strategic Income Portfolio Inc. -- II ("BSP"), the Adviser, the
Distributor, Piper Jaffray Companies Inc., Worth Bruntjen, Charles N. Hayssen,
Michael Jansen, William H. Ellis and Edward J. Kohler. A second complaint was
filed by the same individual in the same court on July 12, 1995 against American
Opportunity Income Fund Inc. ("OIF"), the Adviser, the Distributor, Piper
Jaffray Companies Inc., Worth Bruntjen, Charles N. Hayssen, Michael Jansen,
William H. Ellis and Edward J. Kohler. On September 7, 1995, Christian
Fellowship Foundation Peace United Church of Christ, Gary E. Nelson and Lloyd
Schmidt filed an amended complaint purporting to be a class action in the United
States District Court for the District of Washington. The complaint was filed
against American Government Income Portfolio, Inc. ("AAF"), American Government
Income Fund Inc. ("AGF"), American Government Term Trust, Inc., American
Strategic Income Portfolio Inc. ("ASP"), American Strategic Income Portfolio
Inc. -- II, American Strategic Income Portfolio Inc. -- III ("CSP"), American
Opportunity Income Fund Inc., American Select Portfolio Inc., Piper Jaffray
Companies Inc., the Distributor, the Adviser and certain associated individuals.
By Order filed October 5, 1995, the complaints were
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consolidated. Plaintiffs filed a second amended complaint on February 5, 1996
and a third amended complaint on June 4, 1996. The third amended third
complaint alleges generally that the prospectus and financial statements of each
investment company were false and misleading. Specific violations of various
federal securities laws are alleged with respect to each investment company.
The complaint also alleges that the defendants violated the Racketeer Influenced
and Corrupt Organizations Act, the Washington State Securities Act and the
Washington Consumer Protection Act. The named plaintiffs and defendants have
executed a Settlement Agreement and the Court has granted preliminary approval
of such Settlement Agreement. The Final Order of Judgment is under advisement
pending a decision on the motion for an award of attorneys' fees. The
Settlement Agreement provides $15.5 million to class members in payments by
Piper Jaffray Companies Inc. and the Adviser over the next four years. The
settlement also includes an agreement that each of OIF, AAF, and AGF would offer
to repurchase up to 25% of their outstanding shares from current shareholders at
net asset value. If the discounts between net asset value and market price of
these funds do not decrease to 5% or less within approximately two years after
the effective date of the settlement, the fund boards may submit shareholder
proposals to convert these funds to an open-end format. Finally, the agreement
stipulates that each of ASP, BSP, CSP and SLA would offer to repurchase up to
10% of their outstanding shares from current shareholders at net asset value.
Four additional complaints are pending which involve the funds named as
defendants in the Nelson/Christian Fellowship Consolidated Action and are based
on claims similar to that action. The first additional complaint was filed
against the Distributor and Richard Tallent in Montana State District Court,
Silver Bow County on November 1, 1995 by plaintiff John Darlington. The second
complaint was filed against the Distributor and Richard Tallent on April 11,
1996 in Montana State District Court, Silver Bow County by plaintiff Kenneth
Schneider. The third complaint was filed against the Distributor and Richard
Tallent on April 11, 1996 in Montana State District Court, Silver Bow County by
plaintiff Margaret Nagel. The fourth complaint was filed against the
Distributor on August 7, 1996 by plaintiff Kenneth Gennerman as Trustee of the
Nicole Bowlin Trust in Wisconsin Circuit Court, Waukesha County. In addition to
the above complaints, a number of arbitrations have been commenced by individual
investors in the funds named as defendants in the Nelson/Christian Fellowship
Consolidated Action.
Complaints have also been filed relating to two open-end funds for which
the Adviser has acted as sub-adviser, Managers Intermediate Mortgage Fund and
Managers Short Government Fund. A complaint was filed on September 26, 1994 in
the United States District Court, District of Connecticut, by Florence R. Hosea,
Bobby W. Hosea, Getrud B. Dale and Peter M. Dale, Andrew Poffel and Diane Poffel
as tenants by the Entireties, Myrone Sarone, Donna M. DiPalo, Bernard B. Geltner
and Gail Geltner and Paul Delman. The complaint was filed against The Managers
Funds, The Managers Funds, L.P., Robert P. Watson, the Adviser, the Distributor,
an individual associated with the Adviser, Evaluation Associates, Inc. and
Managers
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Intermediate Mortgage Fund. The complaint, which is a putative class action,
alleges certain violations of federal securities laws, including the making of
false and misleading statements in the prospectus, and alleges negligent
misrepresentation, breach of fiduciary duty and common law fraud. A similar
complaint was filed as a putative class action in the same court on November 4,
1994. The complaint was filed by Karen E. Kopelman against The Managers Fund,
The Managers Funds, L.P., Robert P. Watson, the Adviser, the Distributor, Worth
Bruntjen, Evaluation Associates, Inc. and Managers Intermediate Mortgage Fund.
The two putative class actions were consolidated by court order on December 13,
1994. Plaintiffs filed an Amended and Restated Complaint on July 19, 1995. A
complaint relating to the Managers Short Government Fund was filed on
November 18, 1994 in the United States District Court, District of Minnesota.
The complaint was filed by Robert Fleck as a putative class action against The
Managers Funds, The Managers Funds, L.P., the Adviser, the Distributor, Worth
Bruntjen, Evaluation Associates, Inc., Robert P. Watson, John E. Rosati, William
M. Graulty, Madeline H. McWhinney, Steven J. Pasggioli, Thomas R. Schneeweis and
Managers Short Government Fund, F/K/A/ Managers Short Government Income Fund.
The complaint alleges certain violations of federal securities laws, including
the making of false and misleading statements in the prospectus, and negligent
misrepresentation. The named plaintiff and defendants have entered into a
Settlement Agreement. If granted final approval by the Court, the settlement
agreement will provide to class members up to a total of $1.5 million
collectively from The Managers Funds, L.P. and the Adviser on the effective date
of the settlement. A third complaint relating to both the Managers Intermediate
Mortgage Fund and the Managers Short Government Fund was filed on October 26,
1995 in Connecticut State Superior Court, Stamford/Norwalk District. The
complaint was filed by First Commercial Trust Company, N.A. against the Managers
Funds, Managers Short Government Fund, Managers Intermediate Mortgage Fund,
Managers Short and Intermediate Bond Fund, The Managers Funds, L.P., EAIMC
Holdings Corporation, Evaluation Associates Holding Corporation, EAI Partners,
L.P., Evaluation Associates, Inc., Robert P. Watson, William W. Graulty,
Madeline H. McWhinney, Steven J. Paggioli, Thomas R. Schneeweis, William J.
Crerend, the Adviser, Piper Jaffray Companies Inc., Worth Bruntjen, Standish,
Ayer & Wood, Inc., TCW Funds Managements, Inc., and TCW Management Company. The
complaint alleges claims under Connecticut common law and violation of the
Connecticut Securities Act and the Connecticut Unfair and Deceptive Trade
Practices Act.
The Adviser and Distributor do not believe that the settlements described
above, or any of the above lawsuits and arbitrations, will have a material
adverse effect upon their ability to perform under their agreements with the
Company, and they intend to defend the remaining lawsuits vigorously.
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APPENDIX A
CORPORATE BOND, PREFERRED STOCK AND
COMMERCIAL PAPER RATINGS
COMMERCIAL PAPER RATINGS
STANDARD & POOR'S RATINGS SERVICES. Commercial paper ratings are graded
into four categories, ranging from "A" for the highest quality obligations to
"D" for the lowest. Issues assigned the A rating are regarded as having the
greatest capacity for timely payment. Issues in this category are further
refined with designation 1, 2 and 3 to indicate the relative degree of safety.
The "A-1" designation indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely
payment is very strong. Those issues determined to possess overwhelming safety
characteristics will be denoted with a plus sign designation.
MOODY'S INVESTORS SERVICE, INC. Moody's commercial paper ratings are
opinions of the ability of the issuers to repay punctually promissory
obligations not having an original maturity in excess of nine months. Moody's
makes no representation that such obligations are exempt from registration under
the Securities Act of 1933, nor does it represent that any specific note is a
valid obligation of a rated issuer or issued in conformity with any applicable
law. Moody's employs the following three designations, all judged to be
investment grade, to indicate the relative repayment capacity of rated issuers:
Prime-1 Superior capacity for repayment of short-term promissory
obligations
Prime-2 Strong capacity for repayment of short-term promissory
obligations
Prime-3 Acceptable capacity for repayment of short-term promissory
obligations
CORPORATE BOND RATINGS
STANDARD & POOR'S RATINGS SERVICES. Standard & Poor's ratings for
corporate bonds have the following definitions:
Debt rated "AAA" has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor's.
Capacity to pay interest and repay principal is extremely strong.
Debt rated "AA" has a very strong capacity to pay interest and repay
principal and differs from the higher rated issues only in a small degree.
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Debt rated "A" has a strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal,
although it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in
circumstances and economic conditions than debt in higher rated categories.
Debt rated "BBB" is regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay interest
and repay principal. Whereas it normally exhibits adequate protection
parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more
likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest and repay principal for
debt in this category than in higher rated categories.
MOODY'S INVESTORS SERVICE, INC. Moody's ratings for corporate bonds
include the following:
Bonds which are rated "Aaa" are judged to be of the best quality. They
carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as
"gilt edge." Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally
stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements
are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to
impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.
Bonds which are rated "Aa" are judged to be of high quality by all
standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known
as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins
of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of
protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements
present which make the long-term risk appear somewhat larger than in Aaa
securities.
Bonds which are rated "A" possess many favorable attributes and are to be
considered as upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving security to
principal and interest are considered adequate but elements may be present which
suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.
Bonds which are rated "Baa" are considered as medium grade obligations,
i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments
and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective
elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great
length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in
fact have speculative characteristics as well.
PREFERRED STOCK RATING
STANDARD & POOR'S RATINGS SERVICES. Standard & Poor's ratings for
preferred stock have the following definitions:
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An issue rated "AAA" has the highest rating that may be assigned by
Standard & Poor's to a preferred stock issue and indicates an extremely strong
capacity to pay the preferred stock obligations.
A preferred stock issue rated "AA" also qualifies as a high-quality fixed
income security. The capacity to pay preferred stock obligations is very
strong, although not as overwhelming as for issues rated "AAA."
An issue rated "A" is backed by a sound capacity to pay the preferred stock
obligations, although it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of
changes in circumstances and economic conditions.
An issue rated "BBB" is regarded as backed by an adequate capacity to pay
the preferred stock obligations. Whereas it normally exhibits adequate
protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are
more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to make payments for a preferred
stock in this category than for issues in the "A" category.
MOODY'S INVESTORS SERVICE, INC. Moody's ratings for preferred stock
include the following:
An issue which is rated "aaa" is considered to be a top-quality preferred
stock. This rating indicates good asset protection and the least risk of
dividend impairment within the universe of preferred stocks.
An issue which is rated "aa" is considered a high grade preferred stock.
This rating indicates that there is reasonable assurance that earnings and asset
protection will remain relatively well maintained in the foreseeable future.
An issue which is rate "a" is considered to be an upper medium grade
preferred stock. While risks are judged to be somewhat greater than in the
"aaa" and "aa" classifications, earnings and asset protection are, nevertheless,
expected to be maintained at adequate levels.
An issue which is rated "baa" is considered to be medium grade, neither
highly protected nor poorly secured. Earnings and asset protection appear
adequate at present but may be questionable over any great length of time.
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APPENDIX B
INTEREST RATE FUTURES CONTRACTS AND RELATED OPTIONS
INTEREST RATE FUTURES CONTRACTS
Balanced Fund and Growth and Income Fund may purchase and sell interest
rate futures contracts and options thereon. An interest rate futures contract
creates an obligation on the part of the seller (the "short") to deliver, and an
offsetting obligation on the part of the purchaser (the "long") to accept
delivery of, the type of financial instrument called for in the contract in a
specified delivery month for a stated price. A majority of transactions in
interest rate futures contracts, however, do not result in the actual delivery
of the underlying instrument, but are settled through liquidation, i.e., by
entering into an offsetting transaction. The interest rate futures contracts to
be traded by the Funds are traded only on commodity exchanges--known as
"contract markets"--approved for such trading by the Commodity Futures Trading
Commission and must be executed through a futures commission merchant or
brokerage firm which is a member of the relevant contract market. These
contract markets, through their clearing corporations, guarantee that the
contracts will be performed. Presently, futures contracts are based upon such
debt securities as long-term U.S. Treasury bonds, Treasury notes, Government
National Mortgage Association modified pass-through mortgage-backed securities,
three-month U.S. Treasury bills and bank certificates of deposit. In addition,
futures contracts are traded in the Moody's Investment Grade Corporate Bond
Index and the Long Term Corporate Bond Index.
Although most futures contracts by their terms call for actual delivery or
acceptance of commodities or securities, in most cases the contracts are closed
out before the settlement date without the making or taking of delivery.
Closing out a short position is effected by purchasing a futures contract for
the same aggregate amount of the specific type of financial instrument or
commodity and the same delivery month. If the price of the initial sale of the
futures contract exceeds the price of the offsetting purchase, the seller is
paid the difference and realizes a gain. Conversely, if the price of the
offsetting purchase exceeds the price of the initial sale, the trader realizes a
loss. Similarly, the closing out of a long position is effected by the
purchaser entering into a futures contract sale. If the offsetting sale price
exceeds the purchase price, the purchaser realizes a gain and, if the purchase
price exceeds the offsetting sale price, the purchaser realizes a loss.
The purchase or sale of a futures contract differs from the purchase or
sale of a security in that no price or premium is paid or received. Instead, an
amount of cash or securities acceptable to the Adviser and the relevant contract
market, which varies but is generally about 5% of the contract amount, must be
deposited with the custodian in the name of the broker. This amount is known as
"initial margin," and represents a "good faith" deposit assuring the performance
of both the purchaser and the seller under the futures contract. Subsequent
payments to and from the broker, known as "variation margin," are required to be
made on a daily
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basis as the price of the futures contract fluctuates, making the long or short
positions in the futures contract more or less valuable, a process known as
"marking to the market." Prior to the settlement date of the futures contract,
the position may be closed out by taking an opposite position which will operate
to terminate the position in the futures contract. A final determination of
variation margin is then made, additional cash is required to be paid to or
released by the broker, and the purchaser realizes a loss or gain. In addition,
a commission is paid on each completed purchase and sale transaction.
The purpose of the acquisition or sale of a futures contract by a Fund, as
the holder of long-term fixed-income securities, is to hedge against
fluctuations in rates on such securities without actually buying or selling
long-term fixed-income securities. For example, if a Fund owns long-term bonds
and interest rates are expected to increase, the Fund might sell futures
contracts. Such a sale would have much the same effect as selling some of the
long-term bonds in the Fund's portfolio. If interest rates increase as
anticipated by the Adviser, the value of certain long-term securities in the
portfolio would decline, but the value of the Fund's futures contracts would
increase at approximately the same rate, thereby keeping the net asset value of
the Fund from declining as much as it otherwise would have. Of course, since
the value of the securities in the Fund's portfolio will far exceed the value of
the futures contracts sold by the Fund, an increase in the value of the futures
contracts could only mitigate--but not totally offset--the decline in the value
of the portfolio.
Similarly, when it is expected that interest rates may decline, futures
contracts could be purchased to hedge against a Fund's anticipated purchases of
long-term fixed-income securities, such as bonds, at higher prices. Since the
rate of fluctuation in the value of futures contracts should be similar to that
of long-term bonds, the Fund could take advantage of the anticipated rise in the
value of long-term bonds without actually buying them until the market had
stabilized. At that time, the futures contracts could be liquidated and the
Fund's cash could then be used to buy long-term bonds on the cash market. The
Fund could accomplish similar results by selling bonds with long maturities and
investing in bonds with short maturities when interest rates are expected to
increase or by buying bonds with long maturities and selling bonds with short
maturities when interest rates are expected to decline. However, in
circumstances when the market for bonds may not be as liquid as that for futures
contracts, the ability to invest in such contracts could enable the Fund to
react more quickly to anticipated changes in market conditions or interest
rates.
OPTIONS ON INTEREST RATE FUTURES CONTRACTS
The Funds may purchase and sell put and call options on interest rate
futures contracts which are traded on a United States exchange or board of trade
as a hedge against changes in interest rates, and will enter into closing
transactions with respect to such options to terminate existing positions. An
interest rate futures contract provides for the future sale by one party and the
purchase by the other party of a
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certain amount of a specific financial instrument (debt security) at a specified
price, date, time and place. An option on an interest rate futures contract, as
contrasted with the direct investment in such a contract, gives the purchaser
the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in an interest
rate futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time prior to the
expiration date of the option. Options on interest rate futures contracts are
similar to options on securities, which give the purchaser the right, in return
for the premium paid, to purchase or sell securities. A call option gives the
purchaser of such option the right to buy, and obliges its writer to sell, a
specified underlying futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time
prior to the expiration date of the option. A purchaser of a put option has the
right to sell, and the writer has the obligation to buy, such contract at the
exercise price during the option period. Upon exercise of an option, the
delivery of the futures position by the writer of the option to the holder of
the option will be accompanied by delivery of the accumulated balance in the
writer's future margin account, which represents the amount by which the market
price of the futures contract exceeds, in the case of a call, or is less than,
in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option on the futures contract.
If an option is exercised on the last trading day prior to the expiration date
of the option, the settlement will be made entirely in cash equal to the
difference between the exercise price of the option and the closing price of the
interest rate futures contract on the expiration date. A Fund will pay a
premium for purchasing options on interest rate futures contracts. Because the
value of the option is fixed at the point of sale, there are no daily cash
payments to reflect changes in the value of the underlying contract; however,
the value of the option does change daily and that change would be reflected in
the net asset value of the Fund. In connection with the writing of options on
interest rate futures contracts, a Fund will make initial margin deposits and
make or receive maintenance margin payments that reflect changes in the market
value of such options. Premiums received from the writing of an option are
included in initial margin deposits.
PURCHASE OF PUT OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. A Fund will purchase put
options on interest rate futures contracts if the Adviser anticipates a rise in
interest rates. Because the value of an interest rate futures contract moves
inversely in relation to changes in interest rates, a put option on such a
contract becomes more valuable as interest rates rise. By purchasing put
options on interest rate futures contracts at a time when the Adviser expects
interest rates to rise, a Fund will seek to realize a profit to offset the loss
in value of its portfolio securities.
PURCHASE OF CALL OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. A Fund will purchase call
options on interest rate futures contracts if the Adviser anticipates a decline
in interest rates. The purchase of a call option on an interest rate futures
contract represents a means of obtaining temporary exposure to market
appreciation at limited risk. Because the value of an interest rate futures
contract moves inversely in relation to changes to interest rates, a call option
on such a contract becomes more valuable as interest rates decline. A Fund will
purchase a call option on an interest rate futures contract to hedge against a
decline in interest rates in a market advance
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when the Fund is holding cash. The Fund can take advantage of the anticipated
rise in the value of long-term securities without actually buying them until the
market is stabilized. At that time, the options can be liquidated and the
Fund's cash can be used to buy long-term securities.
WRITING CALL OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. A Fund will write call options
on interest rate futures contracts if the Adviser anticipates a rise in interest
rates. As interest rates rise, a call option on such a contract becomes less
valuable. If the futures contract price at expiration of the option is below
the exercise price, the option will not be exercised and the Fund will retain
the full amount of the option premium. Such amount provides a partial hedge
against any decline that may have occurred in the Fund's portfolio securities.
WRITING PUT OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. A Fund will write put options on
interest rate futures contracts if the Adviser anticipates a decline in interest
rates. As interest rates decline, a put option on an interest rate futures
contract becomes less valuable. If the futures contract price at expiration of
the option has risen due to declining interest rates and is above the exercise
price, the option will not be exercised and the Fund will retain the full amount
of the option premium. Such amount can then be used by the Fund to buy
long-term securities when the market has stabilized.
RISKS OF TRANSACTIONS IN FUTURES CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS
HEDGING RISKS IN FUTURES CONTRACTS TRANSACTIONS. There are several risks
in using futures contracts as hedging devices. One risk arises because the
prices of futures contracts may not correlate perfectly with movements in the
underlying fixed-income security due to certain market distortions. First, all
participants in the futures market are subject to initial margin and variation
margin requirements. Rather than making additional variation margin payments,
investors may close the contracts through offsetting transactions which could
distort the normal relationship between the security and the futures market.
Second, the margin requirements in the futures market are lower than margin
requirements in the securities market, and as a result the futures market may
attract more speculators than does the securities market. Increased
participation by speculators in the futures market may also cause temporary
price distortions. Because of possible price distortion in the futures market
and because of imperfect correlation between movements in securities and
movements in the prices of futures contracts, even a correct forecast of general
market trends may not result in a successful hedging transaction over a very
short period. Another risk arises because of imperfect correlation between
movements in the value of the futures contracts and movements in the value of
securities subject to the hedge.
Successful use of futures contracts by a Fund is subject to the ability of
the Adviser to predict correctly movements in the direction of interest rates.
If a Fund has hedged against the possibility of an increase in interest rates
adversely affecting
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the value of fixed-income securities held in its portfolio and interest rates
decrease instead, the Fund will lose part or all of the benefit of the increased
value of its security which it has hedged because it will have offsetting losses
in its futures positions. In addition, in such situations, if the Fund has
insufficient cash, it may have to sell securities to meet daily variation margin
requirements. Such sales of securities may, but will not necessarily, be at
increased prices which reflect the decline in interest rates. The Fund may have
to sell securities at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so.
LIQUIDITY OF FUTURES CONTRACTS. A Fund may elect to close some or all of
its contracts prior to expiration. The purpose of making such a move would be
to reduce or eliminate the hedge position held by the Fund. A Fund may close
its positions by taking opposite positions. Final determinations of variation
margin are then made, additional cash as required is paid by or to the Fund, and
the Fund realizes a loss or a gain.
Positions in futures contracts may be closed only on an exchange or board
of trade providing a secondary market for such futures contracts. Although the
Funds intend to enter into futures contracts only on exchanges or boards of
trade where there appears to be an active secondary market, there is no
assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular contract
at any particular time.
In addition, most domestic futures exchanges and boards of trade limit the
amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single
trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a
futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day's settlement
price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in
a particular contract, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond that
limit. The daily limit governs only price movement during a particular trading
day and therefore does not limit potential losses because the limit may prevent
the liquidation of unfavorable positions. It is possible that futures contract
prices could move to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with
little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions
and subjecting some futures traders to substantial losses. In such event, it
will not be possible to close a futures position and, in the event of adverse
price movements, a Fund would be required to make daily cash payments of
variation margin. In such circumstances, an increase in the value of the
portion of the portfolio being hedged, if any, may partially or completely
offset losses on the futures contract. However, as described above, there is no
guarantee that the price of the securities being hedged will, in fact, correlate
with the price movements in the futures contract and thus provide an offset to
losses on a futures contract.
RISKS OF OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. The use of options on futures
contracts also involves additional risk. Compared to the purchase or sale of
futures contracts, the purchase of call or put options on futures contracts
involves less potential risk to a Fund because the maximum amount at risk is the
premium paid
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for the options (plus transactions costs). The writing of a call option on a
futures contract generates a premium which may partially offset a decline in the
value of the Fund's portfolio assets. By writing a call option, a Fund becomes
obligated to sell a futures contract, which may have a value higher than the
exercise price. Conversely, the writing of a put option on a futures contract
generates a premium, but the Fund becomes obligated to purchase a futures
contract, which may have a value lower than the exercise price. Thus, the loss
incurred by a Fund in writing options on futures contracts may exceed the amount
of the premium received.
The effective use of options strategies is dependent, among other things,
on a Fund's ability to terminate options positions at a time when the Adviser
deems it desirable to do so. Although the Funds will enter into option
positions only if the Adviser believes that a liquid secondary market exists for
such options, there is no assurance that the Funds will be able to effect
closing transactions at any particular time or at an acceptable price. The
Funds' transactions involving options on futures contracts will be conducted
only on recognized exchanges. Each Fund's purchase or sale of put or call
options on futures contracts will be based upon predictions as to anticipated
interest rates by the Adviser, which could prove to be inaccurate. Even if the
expectations of the Adviser are correct, there may be an imperfect correlation
between the change in the value of the options and of the Fund's portfolio
securities.
REGULATORY MATTERS
To the extent required to comply with applicable Securities and Exchange
Commission releases and staff positions, when entering into futures contracts,
the Fund will maintain, in a segregated account, cash or liquid high-grade debt
securities equal to the value of such contracts.
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the "CFTC"), a federal agency,
regulates trading activity on the exchanges pursuant to the Commodity Exchange
Act, as amended. The CFTC requires the registration of "commodity pool
operators," defined as any person engaged in a business which is of the nature
of an Company, syndicate or a similar form of enterprise, and who, in connection
therewith, solicits, accepts or receives from others, funds, securities or
property for the purpose of trading in any commodity for future delivery on or
subject to the rules of any contract market. The CFTC has adopted Rule 4.5,
which provides an exclusion from the definition of commodity pool operator for
any registered investment company which meets the requirements of the Rule.
Rule 4.5 requires, among other things, that an investment company wishing to
avoid commodity pool operator status use futures and options positions only (a)
for "bona fide hedging purposes" (as defined in CFTC regulations) or (b) for
other purposes so long as aggregate initial margins and premiums required in
connection with non-hedging positions do not exceed 5% of the liquidation value
of the investment company's portfolio. Any investment company wishing to claim
the exclusion provided in Rule 4.5 must file a notice of eligibility with both
the CFTC and the
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National Futures Association. Before engaging in transactions involving
interest rate futures contracts, the Funds will file such notices and meet the
requirements of Rule 4.5, or such other requirements as the CFTC or its staff
may from time to time issue, in order to render registration as a commodity pool
operator unnecessary.
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APPENDIX C
STOCK INDEX FUTURES CONTRACTS AND RELATED OPTIONS
STOCK INDEX FUTURES CONTRACTS
Each Fund may purchase and sell stock index futures contracts, options
thereon and options on stock indexes. Stock index futures contracts are
commodity contracts listed on commodity exchanges. They presently include
contracts on the Standard & Poor's 500 Stock Index (the "S&P 500 Index") and
such other broad stock market indexes as the New York Stock Exchange Composite
Stock Index and the Value Line Composite Stock Index, as well as narrower
"sub-indexes" such as the S&P 100 Energy Stock Index and the New York Stock
Exchange Utilities Stock Index. A stock index assigns relative values to common
stocks included in the index and the index fluctuates with the value of the
common stocks so included. A futures contract is a legal agreement between a
buyer or seller and the clearing house of a futures exchange in which the
parties agree to make a cash settlement on a specified future date in an amount
determined by the stock index on the last trading day of the contract. The
amount is a specified dollar amount (usually $100 or $500) times the difference
between the index value on the last trading day and the value on the day the
contract was struck.
For example, the S&P 500 Index consists of 500 selected common stocks, most
of which are listed on the New York Stock Exchange. The S&P 500 Index assigns
relative weightings to the common stocks included in the Index, and the Index
fluctuates with changes in the market values of those common stocks. In the
case of S&P 500 Index futures contracts, the specified multiple is $500. Thus,
if the value of the S&P 500 Index were 150, the value of one contract would be
$75,000 (150 x $500). Unlike other futures contracts, a stock index futures
contract specifies that no delivery of the actual stocks making up the index
will take place. Instead, settlement in cash must occur upon the termination of
the contract with the settlement amount being the difference between the
contract price and the actual level of the stock index at the expiration of the
contract. For example (excluding any transaction costs), if a Fund enters into
one futures contract to buy the S&P 500 Index at a specified future date at a
contract value of 150 and the S&P 500 Index is at 154 on that future date, the
Fund will gain $500 x (154-150) or $2,000. If a Fund enters into one futures
contract to sell the S&P 500 Index at a specified future date at a contract
value of 150 and the S&P 500 Index is at 152 on that future date, the Fund will
lose $500 x (152-150) or $1,000.
Unlike the purchase or sale of an equity security, no price would be paid
or received by a Fund upon entering into stock index futures contracts. Upon
entering into a contract, the Fund would be required to deposit with its
custodian in a segregated account in the name of the futures broker an amount of
cash or U.S. Treasury bills equal to a portion of the contract value. This
amount is known as "initial margin." The nature of initial margin in futures
transactions is different from that of margin in security transactions in that
futures contract margin does not
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involve borrowing funds by a Fund to finance the transactions. Rather, the
initial margin is in the nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit on
the contract that is returned to the Fund upon termination of the contract,
assuming all contractual obligations have been satisfied.
Subsequent payments, called "variation margin," to and from the broker
would be made on a daily basis as the price of the underlying stock index
fluctuates, making the long and short positions in the contract more or less
valuable, a process known as "marking to the market." For example, when a Fund
enters into a contract in which it benefits from a rise in the value of an index
and the price of the underlying stock index has risen, the Fund will receive
from the broker a variation margin payment equal to that increase in value.
Conversely, if the price of the underlying stock index declines, the Fund would
be required to make a variation margin payment to the broker equal to the
decline in value.
The Funds intend to use stock index futures contracts and related options
for hedging and not for speculation. Hedging permits a Fund to gain rapid
exposure to or protect itself from changes in the market. For example, a Fund
may find itself with a high cash position at the beginning of a market rally.
Conventional procedures of purchasing a number of individual issues entail the
lapse of time and the possibility of missing a significant market movement. By
using futures contracts, the Fund can obtain immediate exposure to the market
and benefit from the beginning stages of a rally. The buying program can then
proceed, and once it is completed (or as it proceeds), the contracts can be
closed. Conversely, in the early stages of a market decline, market exposure
can be promptly offset by entering into stock index futures contracts to sell
units of an index and individual stocks can be sold over a longer period under
cover of the resulting short contract position.
The Funds may enter into contracts with respect to any stock index or
sub-index. To hedge a Fund's portfolio successfully, however, the Fund must
enter into contracts with respect to indexes or sub-indexes whose movements will
have a significant correlation with movements in the prices of the Fund's
portfolio securities.
OPTIONS ON STOCK INDEX FUTURES CONTRACTS
The Funds may purchase and sell put and call options on stock index futures
contracts which are traded on a United States exchange or board of trade as a
hedge against changes in the market, and will enter into closing transactions
with respect to such options to terminate existing positions. An option on a
stock index futures contract gives the purchaser the right, in return for the
premium paid, to assume a position in a stock index futures contract at a
specified exercise price at any time prior to the expiration date of the option.
A call option gives the purchaser of such option the right to buy, and it
obliges its writer to sell, a specified underlying futures contract at a
specified exercise price at any time prior to the expiration date of the option.
A purchaser of a put option has the right to sell, and the writer has the
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obligation to buy, such contract at the exercise price during the option period.
Upon exercise of an option, the delivery of the futures position by the writer
of the option to the holder of the option will be accompanied by delivery of the
accumulated balance in the writer's future margin account, which represents the
amount by which the market price of the futures contract exceeds, in the case of
a call, or is less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option
on the futures contract. If an option is exercised on the last trading day
prior to the expiration date of the option, the settlement will be made entirely
in cash equal to the difference between the exercise price of the option and the
closing price of the stock index futures contract on the expiration date. A
Fund will pay a premium for purchasing options on stock index futures contracts.
Because the value of the option is fixed at the point of sale, there are no
daily cash payments to reflect changes in the value of the underlying contract;
however, the value of the option does change daily and that change would be
reflected in the net asset value of the Fund. In connection with the writing of
options on stock index futures contracts, a Fund will make initial margin
deposits and make or receive maintenance margin payments that reflect changes in
the market value of such options. Premiums received from the writing of an
option are included in initial margin deposits.
PURCHASE OF PUT OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. A Fund will purchase put
options on futures contracts if the Adviser anticipates a market decline. A put
option on a stock index futures contract becomes more valuable as the market
declines. By purchasing put options on stock index futures contracts at a time
when the Adviser expects the market to decline, a Fund will seek to realize a
profit to offset the loss in value of its portfolio securities.
PURCHASE OF CALL OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. A Fund will purchase call
options on stock index futures contracts if the Adviser anticipates a market
rally. The purchase of a call option on a stock index futures contract
represents a means of obtaining temporary exposure to market appreciation at
limited risk. A call option on such a contract becomes more valuable as the
market appreciates. A Fund will purchase a call option on a stock index futures
contract to hedge against a market advance when the Fund is holding cash. The
Fund can take advantage of the anticipated rise in the value of equity
securities without actually buying them until the market is stabilized. At that
time, the options can be liquidated and the Fund's cash can be used to buy
portfolio securities.
WRITING CALL OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. A Fund will write call options
on stock index futures contracts if the Adviser anticipates a market decline.
As the market declines, a call option on such a contract becomes less valuable.
If the futures contract price at expiration of the option is below the exercise
price, the option will not be exercised and the Fund will retain the full amount
of the option premium. Such amount provides a partial hedge against any decline
that may have occurred in the Fund's portfolio securities.
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WRITING PUT OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. A Fund will write put options on
stock index futures contracts if the Adviser anticipates a market rally. As the
market appreciates, a put option on a stock index futures contract becomes less
valuable. If the futures contract price at expiration of the option has risen
due to market appreciation and is above the exercise price, the option will not
be exercised and the Fund will retain the full amount of the option premium.
Such amount can then be used by the Fund to buy portfolio securities when the
market has stabilized.
RISKS OF TRANSACTIONS IN FUTURES CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS
HEDGING RISKS IN FUTURES CONTRACTS TRANSACTIONS. There are several risks
in using stock index futures contracts as hedging devices. One risk arises
because the prices of futures contracts may not correlate perfectly with
movements in the underlying stock index due to certain market distortions.
First, all participants in the futures market are subject to initial margin and
variation margin requirements. Rather than making additional variation margin
payments, investors may close the contracts through offsetting transactions
which could distort the normal relationship between the index and the futures
market. Second, the margin requirements in the futures market are lower than
margin requirements in the securities market. Increased participation by
speculators in the futures market may also cause temporary price distortions.
Because of possible price distortion in the futures market and because of
imperfect correlation between movements in stock indexes or securities and
movements in the prices of futures contracts, even a correct forecast of general
market trends may not result in a successful hedging transaction over a very
short period.
Another risk arises because of imperfect correlation between movements in
the value of the stock index futures contracts and movements in the value of
securities subject to the hedge. The risk of imperfect correlation increases as
the composition of a Fund's portfolio diverges from the securities included in
the applicable stock index. It is possible that a Fund might sell stock index
futures contracts to hedge its portfolio against decline in the market, only to
have the market advance and the value of securities held in the Fund's portfolio
decline. If this occurred, the Fund would lose money on the contracts and also
experience a decline in the value of its portfolio securities. While this could
occur, the Adviser believes that over time the value of an equity fund's
portfolio will tend to move in the same direction as the market indexes. In an
attempt to reduce this risk, the Adviser will enter into futures contracts on
indexes whose movements it believes will have a significant correlation with
movements in the value of the Fund's portfolio securities.
Successful use of futures contracts by a Fund is subject to the ability of
the Adviser to predict correctly movements in the direction of the market. If a
Fund has hedged against the possibility of a decline in the value of the stocks
held in its portfolio and stock prices increase instead, the Fund will lose part
or all of the benefit of the increased value of its security which it has hedged
because it will have
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to sell securities to meet daily variation margin requirements. Such sales of
securities may, but will not necessarily, be at increased prices which reflect
the rising market. The Fund may have to sell securities at a time when it may
be disadvantageous to do so.
LIQUIDITY OF FUTURES CONTRACTS. A Fund may elect to close some or all of
its contracts prior to expiration. The purpose of making such a move would be
to reduce or eliminate the hedge position held by the Fund. A Fund may close
its positions by taking opposite positions. Final determinations of variation
margin are then made, additional cash as required is paid by or to the Fund, and
the Fund realizes a loss or a gain.
Positions in futures contracts may be closed only on an exchange or board
of trade providing a secondary market for such futures contracts. Although the
Funds intend to enter into futures contracts only on exchanges or boards of
trade where there appears to be an active secondary market, there is no
assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular contract
at any particular time.
In addition, most domestic futures exchanges and boards of trade limit the
amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single
trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a
futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day's settlement
price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in
a particular contract, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond that
limit. The daily limit governs only price movement during a particular trading
day and therefore does not limit potential losses because the limit may prevent
the liquidation of unfavorable positions. It is possible that futures contract
prices could move to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with
little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions
and subjecting some futures traders to substantial losses. In such event, it
will not be possible to close a futures position and, in the event of adverse
price movements, the Fund would be required to make daily cash payments of
variation margin. In such circumstances, an increase in the value of the
portion of the portfolio being hedged, if any, may partially or completely
offset losses on the futures contract. However, as described above, there is no
guarantee that the price of the securities being hedged will, in fact, correlate
with the price movements in the futures contract and thus provide an offset to
losses on the futures contract.
RISKS OF OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. The use of options on stock index
futures contracts also involves additional risk. Compared to the purchase or
sale of futures contracts, the purchase of call or put options on futures
contracts involves less potential risk to a Fund because the maximum amount at
risk is the premium paid for the options (plus transactions costs). The writing
of a call option on a futures contract generates a premium which may partially
offset a decline in the value of the Fund's portfolio assets. By writing a call
option, the Fund becomes obligated to sell a futures contract, which may have a
value higher than the exercise
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price. Conversely, the writing of a put option on a futures contract generates
a premium, but the Fund becomes obligated to purchase a futures contract, which
may have a value lower than the exercise price. Thus, the loss incurred by the
Fund in writing options on futures contracts may exceed the amount of the
premium received.
The effective use of options strategies is dependent, among other things,
on a Fund's ability to terminate options positions at a time when the Adviser
deems it desirable to do so. Although a Fund will enter into an option position
only if the Adviser believes that a liquid secondary market exists for such
option, there is no assurance that the Fund will be able to effect closing
transactions at any particular time or at an acceptable price. The Funds'
transactions involving options on futures contracts will be conducted only on
recognized exchanges.
A Fund's purchase or sale of put or call options on futures contracts will
be based upon predictions as to anticipated market trends by the Adviser, which
could prove to be inaccurate. Even if the expectations of the Adviser are
correct, there may be an imperfect correlation between the change in the value
of the options and of the Fund's portfolio securities.
REGULATORY MATTERS
To the extent required to comply with applicable Securities and Exchange
Commission releases and staff positions, when entering into futures contracts,
the Fund will maintain, in a segregated account, cash or liquid high-grade debt
securities equal to the value of such contracts.
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the "CFTC"), a federal agency,
regulates trading activity on the exchanges pursuant to the Commodity Exchange
Act, as amended. The CFTC requires the registration of "commodity pool
operators," defined as any person engaged in a business which is of the nature
of an investment trust, syndicate or a similar form of enterprise, and who, in
connection therewith, solicits, accepts or receives from others, funds,
securities or property for the purpose of trading in any commodity for future
delivery on or subject to the rules of any contract market. The CFTC has
adopted Rule 4.5, which provides an exclusion from the definition of commodity
pool operator for any registered investment company which meets the requirements
of the Rule. Rule 4.5 requires, among other things, that an investment company
wishing to avoid commodity pool operator status use futures and options
positions only (a) for "bona fide hedging purposes" (as defined in CFTC
regulations) or (b) for other purposes so long as aggregate initial margins and
premiums required in connection with non-hedging positions do not exceed 5% of
the liquidation value of the investment company's portfolio. Any investment
company wishing to claim the exclusion provided in Rule 4.5 must file a notice
of eligibility with both the CFTC and the National Futures Association. Before
engaging in transactions involving interest rate futures contracts, the Funds
will file such notices and meet the requirements of
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Rule 4.5, or such other requirements as the CFTC or its staff may from time to
time issue, in order to render registration as a commodity pool operator
unnecessary.
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PART B
GOVERNMENT INCOME FUND
INTERMEDIATE BOND FUND
each a series of Piper Funds Inc.
and
ADJUSTABLE RATE MORTGAGE SECURITIES FUND
a series of Piper Funds Inc.--II
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
November __, 1997
Table of Contents
Page
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Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Characteristics and Risks of Securities and
Special Investment Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investment Restrictions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Directors and Executive Officers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investment Advisory and Other Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Portfolio Transactions and Allocation of Brokerage . . . . . . . . .
Capital Stock and Ownership of Shares. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net Asset Value and Public Offering Price. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Performance Comparisons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of Shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Redemption of Shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Taxation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pending Litigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Appendix A - Corporate Bond, Preferred Stock and
Commercial Paper Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Appendix B - Interest Rate Futures Contracts
and Related Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
This Statement of Additional Information is not a prospectus. This
Statement of Additional Information relates to two prospectuses. One
Prospectus, dated November__, 1997, relates to Government Income Fund and the
Class A shares of Intermediate Bond Fund (series of Piper Funds Inc.) and
Adjustable Rate Mortgage Securities Fund (a series of Piper Funds Inc.--II), and
the other, dated February 18, 1997, relates to the Class Y shares of
Intermediate Bond Fund. This Statement of Additional Information should be read
in conjunction with the applicable Prospectus. Copies of these Prospectuses may
be obtained from the Funds at Piper Jaffray Tower, 222 South Ninth Street,
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402-3804.
<PAGE>
INTRODUCTION
This Statement of Additional Information relates to Government Income Fund
("Government Fund") and Intermediate Bond Fund ("Bond Fund") (formerly
Institutional Government Income Portfolio), each of which is a series of Piper
Funds Inc. ("Piper Funds"), and Adjustable Rate Mortgage Securities Fund ("ARMS
Fund"), which is a series of Piper Funds Inc.--II ("Piper Funds--II"). These
series are sometimes referred to herein individually as a "Fund" or,
collectively, as the "Funds." Piper Funds and Piper Funds--II are sometimes
referred to herein individually as a "Company" or, collectively, as the
"Companies."
On September 1, 1995, four closed-end investment companies, American
Adjustable Rate Term Trust Inc.--1996, American Adjustable Rate Term Trust
Inc.--1997, American Adjustable Rate Term Trust Inc.--1998 and American
Adjustable Rate Term Trust Adjustable Rate Term Trust Inc.--1999, merged into
ARMS Fund (the "Merger"). ARMS Fund had no history of operations prior to the
Merger. In this Statement of Additional Information, certain performance and
financial information is provided for ARMS Fund for periods prior to September
1, 1995. Such information relates to American Adjustable Rate Term Trust
Inc.--1998 ("DDJ"), the surviving entity of the Merger for financial reporting
purposes.
CHARACTERISTICS AND RISKS OF SECURITIES
AND SPECIAL INVESTMENT METHODS
The types of securities and investment techniques used by the Funds are
described in the Funds' Prospectuses. Additional information about certain of
these securities and investment techniques is set forth below.
U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES
Each Fund may invest in U.S. government securities. Such securities are
issued or guaranteed as to payment of principal and interest by the U.S.
government or its agencies or instrumentalities. THE CURRENT MARKET PRICES FOR
SUCH SECURITIES ARE NOT GUARANTEED AND WILL FLUCTUATE. The Funds may invest in
direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury, such as U.S. Treasury bills, notes and
bonds, and in obligations of U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities,
including, but not limited to, Federal Home Loan Banks, the Farmers Home
Administration, Federal Farm Credit Banks, the Federal National Mortgage
Association, the Government National Mortgage Association, the Federal Home Loan
Mortgage Corporation, the Financing Corporation and the Student Loan Marketing
Association.
Obligations of U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities are backed in
a variety of ways by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities.
Some of these obligations, such as Government National Mortgage Association
mortgage-backed securities, are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S.
Treasury. Others, such as obligations of the Federal Home Loan Banks, are
backed by the right of the
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issuer to borrow from the Treasury. Still others, such as those issued by the
Federal National Mortgage Association, are backed by the discretionary authority
of the U.S. government to purchase certain obligations of the agency or
instrumentality. Finally, obligations of other agencies or instrumentalities
are backed only by the credit of the agency or instrumentality issuing the
obligations.
U.S. government securities include securities that have no coupons, or have
been stripped of their unmatured interest coupons, individual interest coupons
from such securities that trade separately, and evidences of receipt of such
securities. Such securities may pay no cash income, and are purchased at a deep
discount from their value at maturity. Because interest on zero-coupon
securities is not distributed on a current basis but is, in effect, compounded,
the market prices of zero-coupon securities are more volatile than the market
prices of securities of comparable quality and similar maturity that pay
interest periodically and may respond to a greater degree to fluctuations in
interest rates than do such non-zero-coupon securities. Although holders of
zero-coupon securities do not receive periodic payments of interest, income
accretes on such securities and is subject to the distribution requirements of
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Because such income may not be
matched by a corresponding cash distribution to a Fund, a Fund may be required
to borrow money or dispose of other securities to be able to make distributions
to shareholders. ARMS Fund will limit its investments in zero-coupon securities
to those issued by the U.S. Treasury through its STRIPS program, which
securities constitute direct obligations of the U.S. government, and will invest
no more than 10% of its net assets in such securities. Government Fund and Bond
Fund may also invest in custodial receipts issued in connection with so-called
trademark zero-coupon securities, such as CATs and TIGRs. Since such securities
are not issued by the U.S. Treasury, however, they are not considered U.S.
government securities for purposes of the Funds' investment policies, although
the underlying bond represented by such receipt is a debt obligation of the U.S.
Treasury.
MORTGAGE-RELATED SECURITIES
Each Fund may invest in U.S. government mortgage-related securities and in
mortgage-related securities issued by private entities. Mortgage-related
securities are securities that, directly or indirectly, represent participations
in, or are secured by and payable from, loans secured by real property.
Mortgage-related securities, as the term is used in the Prospectuses and this
Statement of Additional Information, include guaranteed mortgage pass-through
securities, private mortgage pass-through securities, adjustable rate mortgage
securities and derivative mortgage securities such as collateralized mortgage
obligations and stripped mortgage-backed securities. Mortgage-related
securities fall into three categories: (a) those issued or guaranteed by the
U.S. government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities, such as Government
National Mortgage Association ("GNMA"), Federal National Mortgage Association
("FNMA") and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHMLC"); (b) those issued
by non-governmental issuers that represent interests in, or are collateralized
by, mortgage-related securities issued or guaranteed by the
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U.S. government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities; and (c) those
issued by non-governmental issuers that represent an interest on, or are
collateralized by, whole mortgage loans or mortgage-related securities without a
government guaranty but usually with over-collateralization or some other form
of private credit enhancement. Non-governmental issuers referred to in (b) and
(c) above include originators of and investors in mortgage loans, including
savings and loan associations, mortgage bankers, commercial banks, investment
banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing. Securities in
categories (b) and (c) are not considered U.S. government securities for
purposes of the Prospectuses and this Statement of Additional Information.
(a) GUARANTEED MORTGAGE PASS-THROUGH SECURITIES. The government
guaranteed mortgage pass-through securities in which each Fund may invest
include certificates issued or guaranteed by GNMA, FNMA and FHLMC, which
represent interests in underlying residential mortgage loans. These mortgage
pass-through securities provide for the pass-through to investors of their pro
rata share of monthly payments (including any prepayments) made by the
individual borrowers on the pooled mortgage loans, net of any fees paid to the
guarantor of such securities and the servicer of the underlying mortgage loans.
Each of GNMA, FNMA and FHLMC guarantee timely distributions of interest to
certificate holders. GNMA and FNMA guarantee timely distributions of scheduled
principal. FHLMC generally guarantees only ultimate collection of principal of
the underlying mortgage loans.
(1) GNMA CERTIFICATES. Certificates of the Government National Mortgage
Association ("GNMA Certificates") are mortgage-backed securities which evidence
an ownership interest in a pool of mortgage loans. GNMA Certificates differ
from bonds in that principal is paid back monthly by the borrower over the term
of the loan rather than returned in a lump sum at maturity. GNMA Certificates
that the Funds purchase are the "modified pass-through" type. "Modified
pass-through" GNMA Certificates entitle the holder to receive a share of all
interest and principal payments paid and owed on the mortgage pool, net of fees
paid to the issuer and GNMA, regardless of whether the mortgagor actually makes
the payment.
- GNMA Guarantee -- The National Housing Act authorizes GNMA to guarantee
the timely payment of principal and interest on securities backed by a pool of
mortgages insured by the Federal Housing Administration ("FHA") or the Farmers'
Home Administration ("FHA") or guaranteed by the Veterans Administration ("VA").
The GNMA guarantee is backed by the full faith and credit of the United States.
GNMA is also empowered to borrow without limitation from the U.S. Treasury if
necessary to make any payments required under its guarantee.
- Life of GNMA Certificates -- The average life of a GNMA Certificate is
likely to be substantially less than the original maturity of the mortgage pools
underlying the securities. Prepayments of principal by mortgagors and mortgage
foreclosures will usually result in the return of the greater part of principal
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investment long before the maturity of the mortgages in the pool. Foreclosures
impose no risk to principal investment because of the GNMA guarantee.
As prepayment rates of individual mortgage pools vary widely, it is not
possible to predict accurately the average life of a particular issue of GNMA
Certificates. However, statistics published by the FHA indicate that the
average life of single-family dwelling mortgages with 25- to 30-year maturities,
the type of mortgages backing the vast majority of GNMA Certificates, is
approximately 12 years. Therefore, it is customary to treat GNMA Certificates
as 30-year mortgage-backed securities which prepay fully in the twelfth year.
- Yield Characteristics of GNMA Certificates -- The coupon rate of
interest on GNMA Certificates is lower than the interest rate paid on the
VA-guaranteed or FHA-insured mortgages underlying the Certificates by the amount
of the fees paid to GNMA and the issuer.
The coupon rate by itself, however, does not indicate the yield which will
be earned on GNMA Certificates. First, Certificates may be issued at a premium
or discount, rather than at par, and, after issuance, Certificates may trade in
the secondary market at a premium or discount. Second, interest is earned
monthly, rather than semiannually as with traditional bonds; monthly compounding
raises the effective yield earned. Finally, the actual yield of a GNMA
Certificate is influenced by the prepayment experience of the mortgage pool
underlying it. For example, if the higher yielding mortgages from the pool are
prepaid, the yield on the remaining pool will be reduced.
(2) FHLMC SECURITIES. The Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
("FHLMC") was created in 1970 through enactment of Title III of the Emergency
Home Finance Act of 1970. Its purpose is to promote development of a nationwide
secondary market in conventional residential mortgages.
FHLMC issues two types of mortgage pass-through securities, mortgage
participation certificates ("PCs") and guaranteed mortgage certificates
("GMCs"). PCs resemble GNMA Certificates in that each PC represents a pro rata
share of all interest and principal payments made and owed on the underlying
pool. FHLMC guarantees timely payment of interest on PCs and the full return of
principal. Like GNMA Certificates, PCs are assumed to be prepaid fully in their
twelfth year.
GMCs also represent a pro rata interest in a pool of mortgages. However,
these instruments pay interest semiannually and return principal once a year in
guaranteed minimum payments. The expected average life of these securities is
approximately ten years.
(3) FNMA SECURITIES. The Federal National Mortgage Association was
established in 1938 to create a secondary market in mortgages insured by the
FHA.
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FNMA issues guaranteed mortgage pass-through certificates ("FNMA
Certificates"). FNMA Certificates resemble GNMA Certificates in that each FNMA
Certificate represents a pro rata share of all interest and principal payments
made and owed on the underlying pool. FNMA guarantees timely payment of
interest on FNMA Certificates and the full return of principal. Like GNMA
Certificates, FNMA Certificates are assumed to be prepaid fully in their twelfth
year.
(b) PRIVATE MORTGAGE PASS-THROUGH SECURITIES. Private mortgage
pass-through securities ("Private Pass-Throughs") are structured similarly to
GNMA, FNMA and FHLMC mortgage pass-through securities and are issued by
originators of and investors in mortgage loans, including savings and loan
associations, mortgage bankers, commercial banks, investment banks and special
purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing. These securities usually are backed by a
pool of conventional fixed rate or adjustable loans.
Since Private Pass-Throughs typically are not guaranteed by an entity
having the credit status of GNMA, FNMA or FHMLC, such securities generally are
structured with one or more types of credit enhancement. Such credit support
falls into two categories: (i) liquidity protection and (ii) protection against
losses resulting from ultimate default by an obligor on the underlying assets.
Liquidity protection refers to the provision of advances, generally by the
entity administering the pool of assets, to ensure that the pass-through of
payments due on the underlying pool occurs in a timely fashion. Protection
against losses resulting from ultimate default enhances the likelihood of
ultimate payment of the obligations on at least a portion of the assets in the
pool. Such protection may be provided through guarantees, insurance policies or
letters of credit obtained by the issuer or sponsor from third parties, through
various means of structuring the transaction or through a combination of such
approaches. The Funds will not pay any additional fees for such credit support,
although the existence of credit support may increase the price of a security.
The ratings of securities for which third-party credit enhancement provides
liquidity protection or protection against losses from default are generally
dependent upon the continued creditworthiness of the enhancement provider. The
ratings of such securities could be subject to reduction in the event of
deterioration in the creditworthiness of the credit enhancement provider even in
cases where the delinquency and loss experience on the underlying pool of assets
is better than expected.
Examples of credit support arising out of the structure of the transaction
include "senior-subordinated securities" (multiple class securities with one or
more classes subordinate to other classes as to the payment of principal thereof
and interest thereon, with the result that defaults on the underlying assets are
borne first by the holders of the subordinated class), creation of "reserve
funds" (where cash or investments, sometimes funded from a portion of the
payments on the underlying assets, are held in reserve against future losses)
and "over-collateralization" (where
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the scheduled payments on, or the principal amount of, the underlying assets
exceed those required to make payment on the securities and pay any servicing or
other fees). The degree of credit support provided for each issue is generally
based on historical information with respect to the level of credit risk
associated with the underlying assets. Other information which may be
considered includes demographic factors, loan underwriting practices and general
market and economic conditions. Delinquency or loss in excess of that which is
anticipated could adversely affect the return on an investment in such a
security.
(c) ADJUSTABLE RATE MORTGAGE SECURITIES. Each Fund may also invest in
adjustable rate mortgage securities ("ARMS") and ARMS Fund must invest at least
65% of its total assets in such securities under normal market conditions. (For
purposes of ARMS Fund's 65% requirement, adjustable rate tranches of CMOs,
discussed below, are also considered ARMS). ARMS are pass-through mortgage
securities collateralized by mortgages with interest rates that are adjusted
from time to time. The adjustments usually are determined in accordance with a
predetermined interest rate index and may be subject to certain limits. While
the values of ARMS, like other debt securities, generally vary inversely with
changes in market interest rates (increasing in value during periods of
declining interest rates and decreasing in value during periods of increasing
interest rates), the values of ARMS should generally be more resistant to price
swings than other debt securities because the interest rates of ARMS move with
market interest rates. The adjustable rate feature of ARMS will not, however,
eliminate fluctuations in the prices of ARMS, particularly during periods of
extreme fluctuations in interest rates. ARMS typically have caps which limit
the maximum amount by which the interest rate may be increased or decreased at
periodic intervals or over the life of the loan. To the extent interest rates
increase in excess of the caps, ARMS can be expected to behave more like
traditional debt securities and to decline in value to a greater extent than
would be the case in the absence of such caps. Also, since many adjustable rate
mortgages only reset on an annual basis, it can be expected that the prices of
ARMS will fluctuate to the extent changes in prevailing interest rates are not
immediately reflected in the interest rates payable on the underlying adjustable
rate mortgages. The extent to which the prices of ARMS fluctuate with changes
in interest rates will also be affected by the indices underlying the ARMS.
Some indices, such as the one-year constant maturity Treasury note rate, closely
mirror changes in market interest rate levels. Others, such as the 11th
District Federal Reserve Cost of Funds Index (often related to ARMS issued by
FNMA), tend to lag changes in market levels and tend to be somewhat less
volatile.
(d) COLLATERALIZED MORTGAGE OBLIGATIONS. Each Fund may invest, within the
limits noted in the Funds' Prospectuses, in CMOs (collateralized mortgage
obligations and multiclass pass-through securities unless the context otherwise
indicates), which are derivative mortgage securities. Collateralized mortgage
obligations are debt instruments issued by special purpose entities which are
secured by pools of mortgage loans or other mortgage-related securities.
Multiclass pass-through securities are equity interests in a trust composed of
mortgage loans or
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other mortgage-related securities. Payments of principal and interest on
underlying collateral provide the funds to pay debt service on the
collateralized mortgage obligation or make scheduled distributions on the
multiclass pass-through security. CMOs may be issued by agencies or
instrumentalities of the U.S. government or by private organizations.
In a CMO, a series of bonds or certificates is issued in multiple classes.
Each class of CMO, often referred to as a "tranche," is issued at a specific
coupon rate and has a stated maturity or final distribution date. Principal
prepayments on collateral underlying a CMO may cause it to be retired
substantially earlier than the stated maturities or final distribution dates.
The principal and interest on the underlying mortgages may be allocated
among the several tranches of a CMO in many ways. For example, certain tranches
may have variable or floating interest rates and others may be stripped
securities which provide only the principal or interest feature of the
underlying security. See "Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities," below.
Tranches with variable or floating interest rates are considered ARMS for
purposes of the requirement that ARMS Fund invest at least 65% of its total
assets in ARMS under normal market conditions. Floating rate CMOs are generally
backed by fixed rate mortgages and generally have lifetime caps on the coupon
rate thereon. These caps, similar to the caps on adjustable rate mortgages,
represent a ceiling beyond which the coupon rate on a floating rate CMO may not
be increased regardless of increases in the interest rate index to which the
floating rate CMO is geared, which may cause the security to be valued at a
greater discount than if the security was not subject to a ceiling.
Generally, the purpose of the allocation of the cash flow of a CMO to the
various tranches is to obtain a more predictable cash flow to certain of the
individual tranches than exists with the underlying collateral of the CMO. As a
general rule, the more predictable the cash flow is on a CMO tranche, the lower
the anticipated yield will be on that tranche at the time of issuance relative
to prevailing market yields on mortgage-related securities. As part of the
process of creating more predictable cash flows on most of the tranches of a
CMO, one or more tranches generally must be created that absorb most the
volatility in the cash flows on the underlying mortgage loans. The yields on
these tranches, which may include inverse floaters, interest only and principal
only tranches and Z tranches, discussed below, are generally higher than
prevailing market yields on mortgage-related securities with similar maturities.
As a result of the uncertainty of the cash flows of these tranches, the market
prices of and yield on these tranches generally may be more volatile.
An inverse floater is a CMO tranche with a coupon rate that moves inversely
to a designated index, such as LIBOR (London Inter-Bank Offered Rate) or COFI
(Cost of Funds Index). Like most other fixed-income securities, the value of
inverse floaters will decrease as interest rates increase. Inverse floaters,
however, may exhibit greater price volatility than the majority of mortgage
pass-through securities
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or CMOs. Coupon rates on inverse floaters typically change at a multiple of the
changes in the relevant index rate. Thus, any rise in the index rate (as a
consequence of an increase in interest rates) causes a correspondingly greater
drop in the coupon rate of an inverse floater while any drop in the index rate
causes a correspondingly greater increase in the coupon of an inverse floater.
Some inverse floaters also exhibit extreme sensitivity to changes in
prepayments.
Z tranches of CMOs defer interest and principal payments until one or more
other classes of the CMO have been paid in full. Interest accrues on the Z
tranche, being added to principal, and is compounded through the accretion
period. After the other classes have been paid in full, interest payments begin
and continue through maturity. Z tranches have characteristics similar to
zero-coupon bonds. At the same time, however, and also like a zero-coupon bond,
the market value of a Z tranche can be expected to fluctuate more widely with
changes in market interest rates than would the market value of a tranche which
pays interest currently. In addition, changes in prepayment rates on the
underlying mortgage loans will affect the accretion period of a Z tranche, and
therefore also are likely to influence its market value.
(e) STRIPPED MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES. Government Fund may invest in
stripped mortgage-backed securities ("SMBS"), which are derivative multiclass
mortgage securities. Neither Bond Fund nor ARMS Fund may invest in SMBS. SMBS
may be issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government or by
private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and
loan associations, mortgage bankers, commercial banks, investment banks and
special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing.
There are generally two classes of SMBS, one of which (the interest only or
"IO" class) entitles the holders thereof to receive distributions consisting
solely or primarily of all or a portion of the interest on the underlying pool
of mortgage loans or mortgage-related securities ("Mortgage Assets") and the
other of which (the principal only or "PO" class) entitles the holders thereof
to receive distributions consisting solely or primarily of all or a portion of
the principal of the underlying pool of Mortgage Assets. The cash flows and
yields on IO and PO classes are extremely sensitive to the rate of principal
payments (including prepayments) on the related underlying Mortgage Assets. For
example, a rapid or slow rate of principal payments may have a material adverse
effect on the yield to maturity of IOs or POs, respectively. If the underlying
Mortgage Assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, an
IO investor may incur substantial losses. Conversely, if the underlying
Mortgage Assets experience slower than anticipated prepayments of principal, the
yield on a PO class will be affected more severely than would be the case with a
traditional mortgage-related security.
(f) RESTRICTIONS ON INVESTMENTS BY ARMS FUND. As set forth in its
Prospectus, ARMS Fund will not invest in any inverse floating, interest only,
principal only or Z tranches of CMOs or in stripped mortgage-backed securities.
In
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addition, the Fund will not invest in any other mortgage-related securities that
are considered "high risk" under applicable supervisory policies of the Office
of the Comptroller of the Currency (the "OCC"). In OCC Banking Circular 228
(Rev.) (January 10, 1992), the OCC defined a "high-risk mortgage security" as
any mortgage derivative product that at the time of purchase, or at a subsequent
testing date, meets any of the following three tests:
(a) AVERAGE LIFE TEST. The mortgage derivative product has an
expected weighted average life greater than 10.0 years.
(b) AVERAGE LIFE SENSITIVITY TEST. The expected weighted average
life of the mortgage derivative product:
(i) extends by more than 4.0 years, assuming an immediate and
sustained parallel shift in the yield curve of plus 300 basis points;
or
(ii) shortens by more than 6.0 years, assuming an immediate and
sustained parallel shift in the yield curve of minus 300 basis points.
(c) PRICE SENSITIVITY TEST. The estimated change in the price of the
mortgage derivative product is more than 17%, due to an immediate and
sustained parallel shift in the yield curve of plus or minus 300 basis
points.
Examples of certain "high-risk mortgage securities" include interest only and
principal only classes of stripped mortgage-related securities, inverse floating
CMOs and certain zero-coupon Treasury securities.
CORPORATE FIXED-INCOME SECURITIES
Bond Fund and ARMS Fund may invest in corporate fixed-income securities,
which include corporate bonds, debentures, notes and other similar corporate
debt instruments. Fixed-income securities may be acquired with warrants
attached. Corporate income-producing securities may also include forms of
preferred or preference stock, although such securities are not considered debt
securities for purposes of the requirement that Bond Fund invest at least 65% of
its total assets in debt securities. The values of corporate fixed-income
securities typically will fluctuate in response to general economic conditions,
to changes in interest rates and, to a greater extent than the values of
mortgage-related securities, to business conditions affecting the specific
industries in which the issuers are engaged. Corporate fixed-income securities
will typically decrease in value as a result of increases in interest rates.
The Funds may invest in certain types of corporate fixed-income securities that
have been issued with original issue discount or market discount. An investment
in such securities poses certain economic risks and may have certain adverse
cash flow consequences to the investor.
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Bond Fund's investments in corporate fixed-income securities may also
include zero-coupon, pay-in-kind and delayed interest securities. Zero-coupon
securities pay no cash income to their holders until they mature and are issued
at substantial discounts from their value at maturity. When held to maturity,
their entire return comes from the difference between their purchase price and
their maturity value. Pay-in-kind securities pay interest through the issuance
to the holders of additional securities. Delayed interest securities are
securities that remain zero-coupon securities until a predetermined date at
which time the stated coupon rate becomes effective and interest becomes payable
at regular intervals. Because interest on zero-coupon, pay-in-kind and delayed
interest securities is not paid on a current basis, the values of securities of
this type are subject to greater fluctuations than are the values of securities
that distribute income regularly and may be more speculative than such
securities. Accordingly, the values of these securities may be highly volatile
as interest rates rise or fall. In addition, Bond Fund's investments in
zero-coupon, pay-in-kind and delayed interest securities will result in special
tax consequences. Although zero-coupon securities do not make interest
payments, for tax purposes a portion of the difference between a zero-coupon
security's maturity value and its purchase price is taxable income of the Fund
each year.
ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES
Bond Fund and ARMS Fund may invest in asset-backed securities. Such
securities represent the application of the securitization techniques used to
develop mortgage-related securities to a broad range of other assets. Through
the use of trusts and special purpose corporations, various types of assets,
primarily automobile and credit card receivables and home equity loans, are
being securitized in pass-through structures similar to the mortgage
pass-through structures described above or in a pay-through structure similar to
the CMO structure.
In general, the collateral supporting asset-backed securities is of shorter
maturity than mortgage loans and is less likely to experience substantial
prepayments. As with mortgage-related securities, asset-backed securities are
often backed by a pool of assets representing obligations of a number of
different parties and use various credit enhancement techniques.
Generally, asset-backed securities involve many of the risks associated
with mortgage-related securities; however, due to the difference in the
underlying collateral, asset-backed securities involve certain risks that are
not posed by mortgage-related securities. For example, asset-backed securities
are typically collateralized with assets such as credit card receivables,
automobile loans or lease contracts which have historically had higher loss
experience than that of mortgage-related securities. Although the credit
enhancements for these securities generally contemplate this higher loss
experience, the difference in lien status and underlying collateral quality
could create a situation where the proceeds from repossessed collateral may not
be sufficient to maintain credit quality or support payments on these
securities.
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YANKEE BONDS
Bond Fund may invest in Yankee bonds, which are dollar denominated
fixed-income securities of foreign-domiciled issuers that are publicly traded in
the United States. The prominent issuers of Yankee bonds are supranational
agencies and Canadian provinces (including provincial utilities). Supranational
organizations are entities designated or supported by a government or government
entity to promote economic development and include, among others, the Asian
Development Bank, the European Coal and Steel Community, the European Economic
Community and the World Bank. These organizations do not have taxing authority
and are dependent upon their members for payments of interest and principal.
Each supranational entity's lending activities are limited to a percentage of
its total capital (including "callable capital" contributed by members at the
entity's call), reserves and net income. Foreign corporations also may issue
Yankee bonds. Investments in Yankee bonds may involve risks not typically
associated with investments in domestic issuers. With respect to certain
foreign countries, there is the possibility of expropriation or confiscatory
taxation, political or social instability or diplomatic developments which could
affect the Fund's investments in those countries. Moreover, individual foreign
economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the United States economy in
such respects as growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital
reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payment position.
SHORT-TERM MONEY MARKET SECURITIES
As set forth in the Funds' Prospectuses, each Fund may invest in short-term
money market securities including obligations of the U.S. government and its
agencies and instrumentalities, bank certificates of deposit, bankers'
acceptances, high-grade commercial paper and other money market instruments.
Securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies or
instrumentalities include Treasury securities, which differ only in their
interest rates, maturities and times of issuance. Treasury Bills have initial
maturities of one year or less; Treasury Notes have initial maturities of one to
ten years; and Treasury Bonds generally have initial maturities of greater than
ten years. Some obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies
and instrumentalities, for example Government National Mortgage Association
pass-through certificates, are supported by the full faith and credit of the
U.S. Treasury; others, such as those of the Federal Home Loan Banks, by the
right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury; others, such as those issued by
the Federal National Mortgage Association, by discretionary authority of the
U.S. government to purchase certain obligations of the agency or
instrumentality; and others, such as those issued by the Student Loan Marketing
Association, only by the credit of the agency or instrumentality. While the
U.S. government provides financial support to such U.S. government-sponsored
agencies or instrumentalities, no assurance can be given that it will always do
so, since it is not so obligated by law. Securities issued or guaranteed by
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the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities that mature within 397
days are considered money market securities for purposes of the Funds'
investment policies.
Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained in a banking
institution for a specified period of time at a stated interest rate. Time
deposits are not transferable and are therefore illiquid prior to their
maturity. The Funds will not invest more than 15% of their net assets in time
deposits and other illiquid securities. (Bond Fund may not invest in illiquid
securities.) See "Investment Restrictions." Certificates of deposit are
certificates evidencing the obligation of a bank to repay funds deposited with
it for a specified period of time. Bankers' acceptances are credit instruments
evidencing the obligation of a bank to pay a draft drawn on it by a customer.
These instruments reflect the obligation both of the bank and of the drawer to
pay the full amount of the instrument upon maturity.
Commercial paper consists of short-term, unsecured promissory notes issued
to finance short-term credit needs. The commercial paper purchased by the Funds
will consist only of direct obligations which, at the time of their purchase,
are (a) rated Prime-1 or Prime-2 by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. ("Moody's")
or A-1 or A-2 by Standard & Poor's Ratings Services ("Standard & Poor's"),
(b) issued by companies having an outstanding unsecured debt issue currently
rated at least Aa by Moody's or at least AA by Standard & Poor's, or (c) if
unrated, determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality to those rated
obligations which may be purchased by the Funds.
Money market instruments in which the Funds may invest also include
non-convertible corporate debt securities (for example, bonds and debentures)
with no more than 397 days remaining to maturity, provided such obligations are
rated Aa or better by Moody's or AA or better by Standard & Poor's.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
Each Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with respect to U.S.
government securities. A repurchase agreement involves the purchase by a Fund
of securities with the condition that after a stated period of time the original
seller (a member bank of the Federal Reserve System or a recognized securities
dealer) will buy back the same securities ("collateral") at a predetermined
price or yield. Repurchase agreements involve certain risks not associated with
direct investments in securities. In the event the original seller defaults on
its obligation to repurchase, as a result of its bankruptcy or otherwise, the
Fund will seek to sell the collateral, which action could involve costs or
delays. In such case, the Fund's ability to dispose of the collateral to
recover such investment may be restricted or delayed. To the extent proceeds
from the sale of collateral were less than the repurchase price, a Fund would
suffer a loss. Repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days are
considered illiquid and subject to each Fund's restriction on investing in
illiquid securities.
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The Funds' custodian will hold the securities underlying any repurchase
agreement or such securities will be part of the Federal Reserve Book Entry
System. The market value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement
will be determined on each business day. If at any time the market value of the
collateral falls below the repurchase price of the repurchase agreement
(including any accrued interest), the respective Fund will promptly receive
additional collateral (so the total collateral is an amount at least equal to
the repurchase price plus accrued interest).
The Funds have received from the Securities and Exchange Commission an
exemptive order permitting the Funds, along with the other series of Piper
Funds, closed-end and other open-end investment companies currently managed by
Piper Capital Management Incorporated (the "Adviser"), and all future series of
each Company and all future investment companies advised by the Adviser or its
affiliates, to deposit uninvested cash balances into a large single joint
account to be used to enter into one or more large repurchase agreements.
REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
Government Fund and ARMS Fund may engage in reverse repurchase agreements
with banks and securities dealers. Bond Fund may not enter into such
agreements. Reverse repurchase agreements are ordinary repurchase agreements in
which the Fund is the seller of, rather than the investor in, securities and
agrees to repurchase them at an agreed upon time and price. Use of a reverse
repurchase agreement may be preferable to a regular sale and later repurchase of
the securities because it avoids certain market risks and transaction costs.
Because certain of the incidents of ownership of the security are retained by
the Fund, reverse repurchase agreements are considered a form of borrowing by
the Fund from the buyer, collateralized by the security. At the time the Fund
enters into a reverse repurchase agreement, cash or liquid securities having a
value sufficient to make payments for the securities to be repurchased will be
segregated, and will be maintained throughout the period of the obligation. No
more than 25% of the total assets of Government Fund will be subject to reverse
repurchase agreements. In the case of ARMS Fund, reverse repurchase agreements
are subject to the Fund's limitations on borrowing, set forth below under
"Investment Restrictions," and may be entered into only for temporary or
emergency purposes. In the case of Government Fund, reverse repurchase
agreements may be used as a means of borrowing for investment purposes. This
speculative technique is referred to as leveraging. Leveraging may exaggerate
the effect on net asset value of any increase or decrease in the market value of
the Fund's portfolio. Money borrowed for leveraging will be subject to
interests costs which may or may not be recovered by income from or appreciation
of the securities purchased.
To attempt to minimize the risk to principal associated with leverage,
Government Fund will enter into reverse repurchase agreements only if such
agreements have terms of one year or less, and only if the Fund is able to
invest the proceeds in securities which the Adviser believes have limited
volatility and a
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higher interest rate than that payable on the reverse repurchase agreements.
The Adviser believes such limited use of leverage will facilitate Government
Fund's ability to provide high current income without adversely affecting the
Fund's ability to preserve capital.
LENDING OF PORTFOLIO SECURITIES
Government Fund and ARMS Fund may lend their portfolio securities.
However, neither Fund has done so in the past, nor do the Funds currently intend
to do so. In order to generate additional income, Government Fund may lend
portfolio securities representing up to one-third of the value of its total
assets and ARMS Fund may lend portfolio securities representing up to 30% of the
value of its total assets to broker-dealers, banks or other financial borrowers
of securities. As with other extensions of credit, there are risks of delay in
recovery or even loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the
securities fail financially. However, the Funds will only enter into loan
arrangements with broker-dealers, banks or other institutions which the Adviser
has determined are creditworthy under guidelines established by their respective
Boards of Directors and will receive collateral in the form of cash, U.S.
government securities or other high-grade debt obligations equal to at least
100% of the value of the securities loaned. The value of the collateral and of
the securities loaned will be marked to market on a daily basis. During the
time portfolio securities are on loan, the borrower pays the respective Fund an
amount equivalent to any dividends or interest paid on the securities and the
Fund may invest the cash collateral and earn additional income or may receive an
agreed upon amount of interest income from the borrower. However, the amounts
received by the Fund may be reduced by finders' fees paid to broker-dealers and
related expenses.
WHEN-ISSUED AND FORWARD COMMITMENT SECURITIES
Each Fund may purchase securities on a "when-issued" basis and may purchase
or sell securities on a "forward commitment" basis. When such transactions are
negotiated, the price is fixed at the time the commitment is made, but delivery
and payment for the securities take place at a later date. The Funds will not
accrue income with respect to when-issued or forward commitment securities prior
to their stated delivery date. When a Fund purchases securities on a
when-issued or forward commitment basis, it will maintain in a segregated
account with its custodian cash or liquid securities having an aggregate value
equal to the amount of such purchase commitments until payment is made; such
Fund will likewise segregate securities it sells on a forward commitment basis.
The purchase of securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis
exposes the Funds to risk because the securities may decrease in value prior to
their delivery. Purchasing securities on a when-issued or forward commitment
basis involves the additional risk that the return available in the market when
the delivery takes place will be higher than that obtained in the transaction
itself. A
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Fund's purchase of securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis while
remaining substantially fully invested increases the amount of the Fund's assets
that are subject to market risk to an amount that is greater than the Fund's net
asset value, which could result in increased volatility of the price of the
Fund's shares.
MORTGAGE DOLLAR ROLLS
In connection with their ability to purchase securities on a when-issued or
forward commitment basis, Government Fund and Bond Fund may enter into mortgage
"dollar rolls" in which a Fund sells securities for delivery in the current
month and simultaneously contracts with the same counterparty to repurchase
similar (same type, coupon and maturity) but not identical securities on a
specified future date. ARMS Fund may not enter into such transactions. In a
mortgage dollar roll, the Fund gives up the right to receive principal and
interest paid on the securities sold. However, the Fund would benefit to the
extent of any difference between the price received for the securities sold and
the lower forward price for the future purchase plus any fee income received.
Unless such benefits exceed the income, capital appreciation and gain or loss
due to mortgage prepayments that would have been realized on the securities sold
as part of the mortgage dollar roll, the use of this technique will diminish the
investment performance of the Fund compared with what such performance would
have been without the use of mortgage dollar rolls. Each Fund will hold and
maintain in a segregated account until the settlement date cash or liquid
securities in an amount equal to the forward purchase price. The benefits
derived from the use of mortgage dollar rolls may depend on the Adviser's
ability to predict correctly mortgage prepayments and interest rates. There is
no assurance that mortgage dollar rolls can be successfully employed. In
addition, the use of mortgage dollar rolls by a Fund while remaining
substantially fully invested increases the amount of the Fund's assets that are
subject to market risk to an amount that is greater than the Fund's net asset
value, which could result in increased volatility of the price of the Fund's
shares.
For financial reporting and tax purposes, mortgage dollar rolls are
considered as two separate transactions: one involving the purchase of a
security and a separate transactions involving a sale. The Funds do not
currently intend to enter into mortgage dollar rolls that are accounted for as a
financing.
FUTURES CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS
Government Fund and ARMS Fund may enter into contracts for the purchase or
sale for future delivery of fixed-income securities or contracts based on
financial indices including any index of securities in which the respective Fund
may invest ("futures contracts"). A "sale" of a futures contract means the
acquisition of a contractual obligation to deliver the securities called for by
the contract at a specified price on a specified date. The purchaser of a
futures contract on an index agrees to take or make delivery of an amount of
cash equal to the difference between a specified dollar multiple of the value of
the index on the expiration date of the
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contract ("current contract value") and the price at which the contract was
originally struck. Generally, no physical delivery of the fixed-income
securities underlying the index is made. The futures contracts which the Funds
may enter into have been developed by and are traded on national commodity
exchanges.
The purpose of the acquisition or sale of a futures contract by a Fund is
to hedge against fluctuations in the value of its portfolio without actually
buying or selling securities. For example, if a Fund owns long-term U.S.
government securities and interest rates are expected to increase, the Fund
might sell futures contracts. If interest rates did increase, the value of the
U.S. government securities in the Fund's portfolio would decline, but the value
of the Fund's futures contracts would increase at approximately the same rate,
thereby keeping the net asset value of the Fund from declining as much as it
otherwise would have. If, on the other hand, a Fund held cash reserves and
short-term investments pending anticipated investment in long-term obligations
and interest rates were expected to decline, the Fund might purchase futures
contracts for U.S. government securities. Since the behavior of such contracts
would generally be similar to that of long-term securities, the Fund could take
advantage of the anticipated rise in the value of long-term securities without
actually buying them until the market had stabilized. At that time, the Fund
could accept delivery under the futures contracts or the futures contracts could
be liquidated and the Fund's reserves could then be used to buy long-term
securities in the cash market. Government Fund and ARMS Fund will engage in
such transactions only for hedging purposes, on either an asset-based or a
liability-based basis, in each case in accordance with the rules and regulations
of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. See Appendix B to this Statement
of Additional Information.
Government Fund and ARMS Fund may purchase and sell put and call options on
futures contracts and enter into closing transactions with respect to such
options to terminate existing positions. The Funds may use such options on
futures contracts in connection with its hedging strategies in lieu of
purchasing and writing options directly on the underlying securities or
purchasing and selling the underlying futures contracts.
There are risks in using futures contracts and options on futures contracts
as hedging devices. The primary risks associated with the use of futures
contracts and options thereon are (a) the prices of futures contracts and
options may not correlate perfectly with the market value of the securities
subject to the hedge and (b) the possible lack of a liquid secondary market for
a futures contract and the resulting inability to close a futures position prior
to its maturity date. The risk that a Fund will be unable to close out a
futures position will be minimized by entering into such transactions on a
national exchange with an active and liquid secondary market.
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Additional information with respect to interest rate futures contracts,
together with information regarding options on such contracts, is set forth in
Appendix B to this Statement of Additional Information.
EURODOLLAR INSTRUMENTS
ARMS Fund may make investments in Eurodollar instruments for hedging
purposes only. Eurodollar instruments are essentially U.S. dollar denominated
futures contracts or options thereon that are linked to LIBOR. Eurodollar
futures contracts enable purchasers to obtain a fixed rate for the lending of
funds and sellers to obtain a fixed rate for borrowings. ARMS Fund uses
Eurodollar futures contracts and options thereon to hedge against changes in
LIBOR, to which many short-term borrowings and floating rate securities are
linked. Eurodollar instruments are subject to the same limitations and risks as
other futures contracts and options thereon.
INTEREST RATE TRANSACTIONS
ARMS Fund may purchase or sell interest rate caps and floors to preserve a
return or spread on a particular investment or portion of its portfolio or for
other non-speculative purposes. The aggregate purchase price of caps and floors
held by ARMS Fund may not exceed 5% of the Fund's total assets. ARMS Fund may
sell, I.E., write, caps and floors without limitation, subject to the segregated
account requirement described below. The Fund does not intend to use these
transactions for speculative purposes. The purchase of an interest rate cap
entitles the purchaser, to the extent a specified index exceeds a predetermined
interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a contractually-based
principal amount from the party selling such interest rate cap. The purchase of
an interest rate floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent a specified index
falls below a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a
contractually-based principal amount from the party selling such interest rate
floor.
ARMS Fund may enter into interest rate caps and floors on either an
asset-based on liability-based basis, depending on whether it is hedging its
assets or its liabilities. To the extent the Fund sells caps and floors, it
will maintain in a segregated account cash or high quality liquid securities
having an aggregate net asset value at least equal to the full amount, accrued
on a daily basis, of the Fund's obligations with respect to any caps or floors.
ARMS Fund will not enter into any interest rate cap or floor transaction unless
the unsecured senior debt or the claims-paying ability of the other party
thereto is rated at least A by Standard & Poor's or Moody's or is comparably
rated by any other nationally recognized statistical rating organization. If
there is a default by the other party to such a transaction, the Fund will have
contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction.
Interest rate caps and floors are somewhat recent innovations for which
standardized documentation has not yet been developed and, accordingly, they are
less liquid than many other investments.
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OPTIONS
WRITING COVERED OPTIONS. Each of Government Fund and ARMS Fund may write
(I.E., sell) covered put and call options with respect to the securities in
which it may invest. By writing a call option, a Fund becomes obligated during
the term of the option to deliver the securities underlying the option upon
payment of the exercise price if the option is exercised. By writing a put
option, a Fund becomes obligated during the term of the option to purchase the
securities underlying the option at the exercise price if the option is
exercised. With respect to put options written by a Fund, there will have been
a predetermination that acquisition of the underlying security is in accordance
with the investment objective of such Fund.
The principal reason for writing call or put options is to obtain, through
the receipt of premiums, a greater current return than would be realized on the
underlying securities alone. Each Fund receives premiums from writing call or
put options, which they retain whether or not the options are exercised. By
writing a call option, a Fund might lose the potential for gain on the
underlying security while the option is open, and by writing a put option a Fund
might become obligated to purchase the underlying security for more than its
current market price upon exercise.
The Funds will write only covered options. This means that so long as a
Fund is obligated as the writer of a call option, it will own the underlying
securities subject to the option (or comparable securities satisfying the cover
requirements of securities exchanges). A Fund will be considered covered with
respect to a put option it writes if, so long as it is obligated as the writer
of a put option, it deposits and maintains with its custodian cash, U.S.
government securities or other liquid securities having a value equal to or
greater than the exercise price of the option.
PURCHASING OPTIONS. Government Fund and ARMS Fund may purchase put
options, solely for hedging purposes, in order to protect portfolio holdings in
an underlying security against a substantial decline in the market value of such
holdings ("protective puts"). Such protection is provided during the life of
the put because a Fund may sell the underlying security at the put exercise
price, regardless of a decline in the underlying security's market price. Any
loss to a Fund is limited to the premium paid for, and transaction costs paid in
connection with, the put plus the initial excess, if any, of the market price of
the underlying security over the exercise price. However, if the market price
of such security increases, the profit a Fund realizes on the sale of the
security will be reduced by the premium paid for the put option less any amount
for which the put is sold.
Government Fund and ARMS Fund also may purchase call options solely for the
purpose of hedging against an increase in prices of securities that the
respective Fund ultimately wants to buy. Such protection is provided during the
life of the call option because a Fund may buy the underlying security at the
call exercise price regardless of any increase in the underlying security's
market price. In order for a
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call option to be profitable, the market price of the underlying security must
rise sufficiently above the exercise price to cover the premium and transaction
costs. By using call options in this manner, a Fund will reduce any profit it
might have realized had it bought the underlying security at the time it
purchased the call option by the premium paid for the call option and by
transaction costs.
A Fund may wish to protect certain portfolio securities against a decline
in market value at a time when no put options on those particular securities are
available for purchase. That Fund may therefore purchase a put option on
securities other than those it wishes to protect even though it does not hold
such other securities in its portfolio. While the Funds will only purchase put
options on securities where, in the opinion of the Adviser, changes in the value
of the put option should generally offset changes in the value of the securities
to be hedged, the correlation will be less than in transactions in which the
Funds purchase put options on underlying securities they own.
The writing by the Funds of options on securities will be subject to
limitations established by each of the registered securities exchanges on which
such options are traded. Such limitations govern the maximum number of options
in each class which may be written by a single investor or group of investors
acting in concert, regardless of whether the options are written on the same or
different securities exchanges or are held or written on one or more accounts or
through one or more brokers. Thus, the number of options which a Fund may write
may be affected by options written by the other Fund and by other investment
companies managed by and other investment advisory clients of the Adviser. An
exchange may order the liquidation of positions found to be in excess of these
limits, and it may impose certain other sanctions.
OVER-THE-COUNTER OPTIONS. In addition to exchange-traded put and call
options, Government Fund may also purchase and write over-the-counter ("OTC")
put and call options in negotiated transactions with the writers of the options
since options on many of the portfolio securities held by the Fund are not
traded on an exchange. Government Fund will purchase OTC options only from
investment dealers and other financial institutions (such as commercial banks or
savings and loan associations) deemed creditworthy by the Adviser. ARMS Fund
will purchase and write only exchange-traded put and call options.
OTC options are two-party contracts with price and terms negotiated between
buyer and seller. In contrast, exchange-traded options are third-party
contracts with standardized strike prices and expiration dates, and are
purchased from a clearing corporation. Exchange-traded options have a
continuous liquid market while OTC options may not. The staff of the Securities
and Exchange Commission has previously taken the position that the value of
purchased OTC options and the assets used as "cover" for written OTC options are
illiquid securities and, as such, are to be included in the calculation of a
Fund's 15% limitation on illiquid securities. However, the staff has eased its
position somewhat in certain limited circumstances.
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Government Fund will attempt to enter into contracts with certain dealers with
which it writes OTC options. Each such contract will provide that the Fund has
the absolute right to repurchase the options it writes at any time at a
repurchase price which represents the fair market value, as determined in good
faith through negotiation between the parties, but which in no event will exceed
a price determined pursuant to a formula contained in the contract. Although
the specific details of such formula may vary among contracts, the formula will
generally be based upon a multiple of the premium received by the Fund for
writing the option, plus the amount, if any, of the option's intrinsic value.
The formula will also include a factor to account for the difference between the
price of the security and the strike price of the option if the option is
written out-of-the-money. With respect to each OTC option for which such a
contract is entered into, the Fund will count as illiquid only the initial
formula price minus the option's intrinsic value.
The Fund will enter into such contracts only with primary U.S. government
securities dealers recognized by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
Moreover, such primary dealers will be subject to the same standards as are
imposed upon dealers with which the Fund enters into repurchase agreements.
ILLIQUID SECURITIES
As nonfundamental investment restrictions that may be changed at any time
without shareholder approval, neither Government Fund nor ARMS Fund will invest
more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities and Bond Fund will not
invest in such securities. A security is considered illiquid if it cannot be
sold in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the
price at which it is valued. Illiquid securities may offer a higher yield than
securities which are more readily marketable, but they may not always be
marketable on advantageous terms.
The sale of illiquid securities often requires more time and results in
higher brokerage charges or dealer discounts and other selling expenses than
does the sale of securities eligible for trading on national securities
exchanges or in the over-the-counter markets. A Fund may be restricted in its
ability to sell such securities at a time when the Adviser deems it advisable to
do so. In addition, in order to meet redemption requests, a Fund may have to
sell other assets, rather than such illiquid securities, at a time which is not
advantageous.
"Restricted securities" are securities which were originally sold in
private placements and which have not been registered under the Securities Act
of 1933 (the "1933 Act"). Such securities generally have been considered
illiquid, since they may be resold only subject to statutory restrictions and
delays or if registered under the 1933 Act. In 1990, however, the SEC adopted
Rule 144A under the 1933 Act, which provides a safe harbor exemption from the
registration requirements of the 1933 Act for resales of restricted securities
to "qualified institutional buyers," as defined in the rule. The result of this
rule has been the development of a more liquid and efficient institutional
resale market for restricted securities. Thus, restricted securities are no
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longer necessarily illiquid. The Funds may therefore invest in Rule 144A
securities and treat them as liquid when they have been determined to be liquid
by the Board of Directors of the Company or by the Adviser subject to the
oversight of and pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board of Directors.
Under these procedures, factors taken into account in determining the liquidity
of a security include (a) the frequency of trades and quotes for the security;
(b) the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the security and the
number of other potential purchasers; (c) dealer undertakings to make a market
in the security; and (d) the nature of the security and the nature of the
marketplace trades (e.g., the time needed to dispose of the security, the method
of soliciting offers and the mechanics of transfer). Similar determinations may
be made with respect to commercial paper issued in reliance on the so-called
"private placement" exemption from registration under Section 4(2) of the 1933
Act and with respect to interest only, principal only and inverse floating
classes of mortgage-related securities issued by the U.S. government or its
agencies and instrumentalities.
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
Portfolio turnover is the ratio of the lesser of annual purchases or sales
of portfolio securities to the average monthly value of portfolio securities,
not including securities maturing in less than 12 months. A 100% portfolio
turnover rate would occur, for example, if the lesser of the value of purchases
or sales of portfolio securities for a particular year were equal to the average
monthly value of the portfolio securities owned during such year. For purposes
of calculating portfolio turnover, the maturity of investment purchases and
sales related to dollar roll transactions is considered to be less than 12
months.
DIVERSIFICATION
Each Fund intends to operate as a "diversified" management investment
company, as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the"1940 Act"), which
means that at least 75% of its assets must be represented by cash and cash items
(including receivables), U.S. government securities, securities of other
investment companies, and other securities for the purposes of this calculation
limited in respect of any one issuer to an amount not greater in value than 5%
of the value of total assets of each Fund and to not more than 10% of the
outstanding voting securities of such issuer.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
In addition to the investment objectives and policies set forth in the
Funds' Prospectuses, each Fund is subject to certain fundamental and
nonfundamental investment restrictions, as set forth below. Fundamental
investment restrictions may not be changed without the vote of a majority of a
Fund's outstanding shares. "Majority," as used in this Statement of Additional
Information, means the lesser of (a) 67% of a Fund's outstanding shares present
at a meeting of the holders if more
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than 50% of the outstanding shares are present in person or by proxy or (b) more
than 50% of a Fund's outstanding shares.
With respect to Government Fund, as fundamental investment restrictions,
the Fund will not:
(1) Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in the securities
of issuers conducting their principal business activities in any one industry.
This restriction does not apply to securities of the U.S. government or its
agencies and instrumentalities and repurchase agreements relating thereto. The
various types of utilities companies, such as gas, electric, telephone,
telegraph, satellite and microwave communications companies, are considered as
separate industries.
(2) Issue any senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act, other than as
set forth in restriction #3 below and except to the extent that using options
and futures contracts or purchasing or selling securities on a when-issued or
forward commitment basis may be deemed to constitute issuing a senior security.
(3) Borrow money (provided that the Fund may enter into reverse repurchase
agreements) except from banks for temporary or emergency purposes. The amount
of such borrowing may not exceed 10% of the value of the Fund's total assets.
Interest paid on borrowed funds will decrease the net earnings of the Fund. The
Fund will not purchase portfolio securities while outstanding borrowing exceeds
5% of the value of the Fund's total assets. The Fund will not borrow money for
leverage purposes (provided that the Fund may enter into reverse repurchase
agreements for such purposes).
(4) Mortgage, pledge or hypothecate its assets except in an amount not
exceeding 10% of the value of its total assets to secure temporary or emergency
borrowing. For purposes of this policy, collateral arrangements for margin
deposits on futures contracts or with respect to the writing of options are not
deemed to be a pledge of assets.
(5) Purchase or sell commodities or commodity futures contracts, except
that the Fund may enter into financial futures contracts and engage in related
options transactions.
(6) Purchase or sell real estate or real estate mortgage loans, except
that the Fund may invest in securities secured by real estate or interests
therein or issued by companies that invest in real estate or interests therein.
(7) Act as an underwriter of securities of other issuers, except insofar
as the Fund may be technically deemed an underwriter under the federal
securities laws in connection with the disposition of portfolio securities.
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With respect to Bond Fund, as fundamental investment restrictions, the Fund
will not:
(1) Issue any senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act.
(2) Borrow money, except from banks for temporary or emergency purposes in
an amount not exceeding 5% of the value of its total assets.
(3) Mortgage, pledge or hypothecate its assets, except in an amount not
exceeding 10% of the value of its total assets to secure temporary or emergency
borrowing.
(4) Act as an underwriter of securities of other issuers, except insofar
as the Fund may be technically deemed an underwriter under the federal
securities laws in connection with the disposition of portfolio securities.
(5) Purchase or sell real estate or real estate mortgage loans, except
that the Fund may invest in securities secured by real estate or interests
therein.
(6) Purchase or sell commodities or commodity futures contracts.
(7) Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in the securities
of issuers conducting their principal business activities in any one industry.
This restriction does not apply to securities of the U.S. government or its
agencies or instrumentalities and repurchase agreements relating thereto.
(8) Make loans to other persons, provided that the Fund may enter into
repurchase agreements. The purchase of a portion of an issue of publicly
distributed bonds, debentures, or other debt securities will not be considered
the making of a loan.
(9) Loan its portfolio securities.
With respect to ARMS Fund, as fundamental investment restrictions, the Fund
will not:
(1) With respect to 75% of its total assets, invest more than 5% of the
value of its total assets (taken at market value at the time of purchase) in the
outstanding securities of any one issuer, or own more than 10% of the
outstanding voting securities of any one issuer, in each case other than
securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or any agency or
instrumentality thereof.
(2) Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in the securities
of issuers conducting their principal business activities in any one industry,
except that, under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest 25% or more of
the value of its total assets in ARMS issued or guaranteed by the U.S.
government or its
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agencies or instrumentalities or by private organizations. Except for the
requirement that the Fund invest 25% or more of its total assets in ARMS, the
foregoing restriction does not apply to securities of the U.S. government or its
agencies or instrumentalities or repurchase agreements relating thereto.
(3) Issue any senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act, other than as
set forth in restriction #4 below and except to the extent that using options
and futures contracts or purchasing or selling securities on a when-issued or
forward commitment basis may be deemed to constitute issuing a senior security.
(4) Borrow money, except for temporary or emergency purposes. The amount
of such borrowing (including borrowing through reverse repurchase agreements)
may not exceed 10% of the value of the Fund's total assets. The Fund will not
purchase portfolio securities while outstanding borrowings exceeds 5% of the
value of the Fund's total assets. The Fund will not borrow for leverage
purposes.
(5) Mortgage, pledge or hypothecate its assets, except in an amount not
exceeding 10% of the value of its total assets to secure temporary or emergency
borrowing. For purposes of this policy, collateral arrangements for margin
deposits on futures contracts or with respect to the writing of options are not
deemed to be a pledge of assets.
(6) Purchase or sell commodities or commodity futures contracts, except
that the Fund may enter into financial futures contracts and engage in related
options transactions.
(7) Purchase or sell real estate or interests therein (other than
securities backed by mortgages and similar instruments).
(8) Act as an underwriter of securities of other issuers, except insofar
as the Fund may be technically deemed an underwriter under the federal
securities laws in connection with the disposition of portfolio securities.
(9) Make loans of money or property to any person, except through loans of
portfolio securities, the purchase of debt obligations in which the Fund may
invest consistent with the Fund's investment objective and policies or the
acquisition of securities subject to repurchase agreements.
For purposes of determining compliance with fundamental investment
restriction number 2, relating to industry concentration, the various types of
utilities companies, such as gas, electric, telephone, telegraph, satellite and
microwave communications companies, are considered separate industries and ARMS
issued by private organizations are considered to be securities of issuers in
the same industry. In addition, the industry classification of asset-backed
securities will be determined based on the type of collateral underlying the
securities. For example,
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asset-backed securities backed by automobile receivables will be considered to
be in a different industry than asset-backed securities backed by credit card
receivables.
As nonfundamental investment restrictions that may be changed at any time
without shareholder approval, no Fund will:
(1) Invest in warrants.
(2) Make short sales of securities.
(3) Purchase any securities on margin except to obtain such short-term
credits as may be necessary for the clearance of transactions and except that
the Funds may make margin deposits in connection with futures contracts.
(4) Invest more than 5% of total assets in the securities of foreign
issuers, provided that Bond Fund will not invest in the securities of foreign
issuers other than U.S. dollar-denominated Yankee bonds and ARMS Fund will not
invest in the securities of foreign issuers.
(5) Invest more than 15% of net assets in illiquid securities, except that
Bond Fund will not invest in illiquid securities.
Any investment restriction or limitation referred to above or in the
Prospectus which involves a maximum percentage of securities or assets, shall
not be considered to be violated unless an excess over the percentage occurs
immediately after an acquisition of securities or utilization of assets and such
excess results therefrom.
DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The directors and officers of each Company and their principal occupations
during the past five years are set forth below. Unless otherwise indicated, all
positions have been held for more than five years. Each Company's directors and
officers also serves as a director or officer of various closed-end and open-end
investment companies managed by the Adviser.
NAME, ADDRESS AND (AGE) POSITION WITH THE COMPANIES
----------------------- ---------------------------
William H. Ellis* (54) Chairman of the Board of Directors
Piper Jaffray Tower
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
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David T. Bennett (56) Director
3400 City Center
33 South Sixth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
Jaye F. Dyer (69) Director
4670 Norwest Center
90 South Seventh Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
Karol D. Emmerich (47) Director
7302 Claredon Drive
Edina, Minnesota 55439
Luella G. Goldberg (59) Director
7019 Tupa Drive
Edina, Minnesota 55435
David A. Hughey (65) Director
134 Powers Road
Meredith, NH 03253
George Latimer (61) Director
754 Linwood Avenue
St. Paul, MN 55105
Paul A. Dow (45) President
Piper Jaffray Tower
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
Robert H. Nelson (33) Vice President
Piper Jaffray Tower and Treasurer
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
Susan S. Miley (39) Secretary
Piper Jaffray Tower
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
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* Directors of the Company who are interested persons (as that term is
defined by the 1940 Act) of Piper Capital Management Incorporated and the
Fund.
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<PAGE>
William H. Ellis is President of Piper Jaffray Companies Inc.; Director and
Chairman of the Board of Piper Capital Management Incorporated ("the Adviser");
President of the Adviser since 1994; Director of Piper Jaffray Inc..
David T. Bennett is of counsel to the law firm of Gray, Plant, Mooty, Mooty
& Bennett, P.A., located in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Mr. Bennett is chairman of
a group of privately held companies and serves on the board of directors of a
number of nonprofit organizations.
Jaye F. Dyer has been President of Dyer Management Company, a private
management company, since 1991. Prior to that he was President and Chief
Executive Officer of Dyco Petroleum Corporation, a Minneapolis based oil and
natural gas development company he founded, from 1971 to March 1, 1989, and
Chairman of the Board until December 31, 1990. Mr. Dyer serves on the board of
directors of various privately held and nonprofit corporations.
Karol D. Emmerich has been President of The Paraclete Group, a consultant
to nonprofit organizations, since 1993. Prior to that she was Vice President,
Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer of Dayton Hudson Corporation from 1980 to
1993. Ms. Emmerich is an Executive Fellow at the University of St. Thomas
Graduate School of Business and serves on the board of directors of a number of
privately held and nonprofit organizations.
Luella G. Goldberg serves on the board of directors of Northwestern
National Life Insurance Company (since 1976), The ReliaStar Financial Corp.
(since 1989), TCF Bank Savings fsb (since 1985), TCF Financial Corporation
(since 1988), and Hormel Foods Corp. (since 1993). Ms. Goldberg also serves as
a Trustee of Wellesley College, and as a director of a number of other
organizations, including the University of Minnesota Foundation and the
Minnesota Orchestral Association. Ms. Goldberg was Chairman of the Board of
Trustees of Wellesley College from 1985 to 1993 and acting President from July
1, 1993 to October 1, 1993.
David A. Hughey is a Trustee of Bentley College. Prior to September 1996,
he was Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer of Dean Witter
InterCapital Inc., Dean Witter Services Company Inc. and Dean Witter
Distributors Inc.; Director, Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative
Officer of Dean Witter Trust Company; Vice President of Dean Witter Family of
Funds and TCW/DW Family of Funds; and Director of ICI Mutual Insurance Company.
George Latimer has been Chief Executive Officer of National Equity Fund,
Chicago, Illinois since November 1995; prior thereto, Mr. Latimer was Director,
Special Actions Office, Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban
Development since 1993, and prior thereto he had been Dean of Hamline Law
School, Saint Paul, Minnesota from 1990 to 1993. Mr. Latimer also serves on the
board of directors of Digital Biometrics, Inc. and Payless Cashways, Inc.
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Paul A. Dow is Chief Investment Officer and Senior Vice President of the
Adviser.
Robert H. Nelson has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since
1993; prior there he had been a Vice President of the Adviser from 1991 to 1993.
Susan S. Miley has been Senior Vice President and General Counsel of the
Adviser since 1995 and Secretary of the Adviser since 1996, prior to which she
was counsel for American Express Financial Advisors, Minneapolis, Minnesota from
1994 to 1995 and an attorney at Simpson Thatcher & Bartlett, New York, New York
from 1984 to 1992.
Ms. Emmerich, Ms. Goldberg and Mr. Hughey are members of the Audit
Committee of the Board of Directors. Ms. Emmerich acts as the chairperson of
such committee. The Audit Committee oversees each Company's financial reporting
process, reviews audit results and recommends annually to the Companies a firm
of independent certified public accountants.
The Board of Directors also has a Committee of the Independent Directors,
consisting of Mr. Bennett, who serves as chairperson, Messrs. Dyer, Hughey and
Latimer, Ms. Emmerich and Ms. Goldberg, and a Derivatives Subcommittee
consisting of Ms. Emmerich, who serves as chairperson, Ms. Goldberg and Mr.
Dyer.
The functions of the Committee of the Independent Directors are: (a)
recommendation to the full Board of approval of any management, advisory,
sub-advisory and/or administration agreements; (b) recommendation to the full
Board of approval of any underwriting and/or distribution agreements; (c) review
of the fidelity bond and premium allocation; (d) review of errors and omissions
and any other joint insurance policies and premium allocation; (e) review of,
and monitoring of compliance with, procedures adopted pursuant to certain rules
promulgated under the 1940 Act; and (f) such other duties as the independent
directors shall, from time to time, conclude are necessary or appropriate to
carry out their duties under the 1940 Act. The functions of the Derivatives
Subcommittee are: (a) to oversee practices, policies and procedures of the
Adviser in connection with the use of derivatives; (b) to receive periodic
reports from management; and (c) to report periodically to the Committee of the
Independent Directors and the Board of Directors.
The directors of each Company who are officers or employees of the Adviser
or of its affiliates receive no remuneration from the Companies. Each of the
other directors currently receives a quarterly retainer of $3,625 that is
allocated among the Funds and all other open-end funds managed by the Adviser on
the basis of the total assets of each such fund. In addition, each director
receives a fee from each Company for each regular quarterly and in-person
special meeting of the Board of Directors attended. (The per-meeting fee of
Piper Funds is based on the combined total assets of Piper Funds and Piper
Institutional Funds Inc.) The per-meeting fee is
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based upon asset size and is $250 if assets are under $200 million, $500 if
assets are $200 million and over but less than $500 million, $750 if assets are
$500 million and over but less than $1 billion, $1,000 if assets are $1 billion
and over but less than $5 billion, and $1,500 if assets are $5 billion or over.
Members of the Audit Committee who are not affiliated with the Adviser receive
$1,000 for each Audit Committee meeting attended ($2,000 for the chairperson of
the Committee), and the chairperson of the Committee of the Independent
Directors receives $1,000 for each meeting of such committee attended, with such
fees being allocated evenly between the Companies and all other closed-end and
open-end investment companies managed by the Adviser. Members of the Committee
of the Independent Directors and the Derivatives Subcommittee (other than the
chairperson of the Committee of the Independent Directors) currently receive no
additional compensation. In addition, each Director who is not affiliated with
the Adviser is reimbursed for expenses incurred in connection with attending
meetings.
The following table sets forth the compensation received by each director
from Piper Funds and Piper Funds--II for the fiscal year ended September 30,
1997, and from the from the Companies and all other registered investment
companies managed by the Adviser or affiliates of the Adviser during the
calendar year ended December 31, 1996. Directors who are officers or employees
of the Adviser or any of its affiliates did not receive any such compensation
and are not included in the table.
Compensation Compensation Total Compensation
from Piper Funds from Piper Funds--II from Fund Complex*
---------------- -------------------- ------------------
Jaye F. Dyer $ $ $58,750
Karol D. Emmerich $ $ $58,750
Luella G. Goldberg $ $ $60,750
George Latimer $ $ $56,250
David T. Bennett $ $ $56,250
David A. Hughey $ $ $ 984
* Currently consists of 20 open-end and closed-end investment companies
managed by the Adviser, including the Companies. Each director included in
the table serves on the board of each such open-end and closed-end
investment company.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES
The investment adviser for the Funds is Piper Capital Management
Incorporated (the "Adviser"). Its affiliate, Piper Jaffray Inc. (the
"Distributor"), acts as the Funds' distributor. Each acts as such pursuant to a
written agreement which is periodically approved by the directors or the
shareholders of the Funds. The address of both the Adviser and the Distributor
is Piper Jaffray Tower, 222 South Ninth Street, Minneapolis, Minnesota
55402-3804.
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<PAGE>
CONTROL OF THE ADVISER AND THE DISTRIBUTOR
The Adviser and the Distributor are both wholly owned subsidiaries of Piper
Jaffray Companies Inc., a publicly held corporation which is engaged through its
subsidiaries in various aspects of the financial services industry.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT
Pursuant to an Investment Advisory and Management Agreement with each
Company, the Adviser furnishes each Fund with investment advice and supervises
the management and investment programs of the Funds. The Adviser furnishes at
its own expense all necessary administrative services, office space, equipment
and clerical personnel for servicing the investments of the Funds. The Adviser
also provides investment advisory facilities and executive and supervisory
personnel for managing the investments and effecting the portfolio transactions
of the Funds. In addition, the Adviser pays the salaries and fees of all
officers and directors of the Companies who are affiliated with the Adviser.
Each Investment Advisory and Management Agreement will terminate
automatically in the event of its assignment. In addition, each agreement is
terminable at any time, without penalty, by the Board of Directors of the
Company or by vote of a majority of the Company's outstanding voting securities
on not more than 60 days' written notice to the Adviser, and by the Adviser on
60 days' written notice to the Company. An agreement may be terminated with
respect to a particular Fund at any time by a vote of the holders of a majority
of the outstanding voting securities of such Fund, upon 60 days' written notice
to the Adviser. Unless sooner terminated, each agreement shall continue in
effect for more than two years after its execution only so long as such
continuance is specifically approved at least annually by either the Board of
Directors or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the
Company, provided that in either event such continuance is also approved by a
vote of a majority of the directors who are not parties to such agreement, or
interested persons of such parties, cast in person at a meeting called for the
purpose of voting on such approval. If a majority of the outstanding voting
securities of any of the Funds approves an agreement, the agreement shall
continue in effect with respect to such approving Fund whether or not the
shareholders of any other Fund approve the agreement.
Pursuant to each Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, the Funds
pay the Adviser monthly advisory fees equal on an annual basis to a certain
percentage of each Fund's average net assets as set forth in the following
table.
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<PAGE>
Annual Advisory Fee
Average Net Asset Values as Percentage of
of the Fund Average Net Assets
------------------------- -------------------
Government On the first $250,000,000 .50%
Income Fund On the next $250,000,000 .45%
On average assets of over
$500,000,000 .40%
Bond Fund On the first $100,000,000
.30%
On the next $150,000,000 .25%
On average assets of over
$250,000,000 .20%
Adjustable Rate Mortgage On the first $500,000,000 .35%
Securities Fund One average assets of over .30%
$500,000,000
The table below sets forth the advisory fees paid by Government Fund and
Bond Fund for the periods indicated:
Advisory fees Advisory fees Advisory fees
for the fiscal for the fiscal for the fiscal
year ended year ended year ended
Fund September 30, 1995 September 30, 1996 September 30, 1997
- ---- ----------------- ------------------ ------------------
Government Fund $576,359 $474,589 $
Bond Fund 959,379 634,796
With respect to ARMS Fund, the Adviser received compensation of $1,487,059
for the fiscal year ended August 31, 1996, $76,672 for the fiscal period from
September 1, 1996 to September 30, 1996 and $_____ for the fiscal year ended
September 30, 1997. Prior to the Merger, the Adviser also acted as the
investment adviser of DDJ, the surviving entity of the Merger for financial
reporting purposes. Pursuant to the Investment Advisory and Management
Agreement between DDJ and the Adviser, the Adviser received a monthly management
fee at the per annum rate of .35% of DDJ's average weekly net assets. Under
such agreement, the Adviser received compensation of $1,462,719 for the fiscal
year ended August 31, 1995.
Prior to the Merger, the Adviser also acted as the administrator of DDJ
pursuant to an Administration Agreement under which the Adviser received a
monthly administration fee at the per annum rate of .15% of DDJ's average weekly
net assets. Under such agreement, the Adviser received compensation of $626,880
for the fiscal year ended August 31, 1995. ARMS Fund has not entered into such
an agreement with the Adviser.
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<PAGE>
Under the Investment Advisory and Management Agreements, the Adviser
provides each Fund with advice and assistance in the selection and disposition
of that Fund's investments. All investment decisions are subject to review by
the Board of Directors of the respective Company.
The same security may be suitable for more than one of the Funds and/or for
other series of the Companies or other funds or private accounts managed by the
Adviser or its affiliates. If and when two or more funds or accounts
simultaneously purchase or sell the same security, the transactions will be
allocated as to price and amount in accordance with arrangements equitable to
each fund or account. The simultaneous purchase or sale of the same securities
by more than one of the Funds or by any of the Funds and other series of the
Companies or other funds or accounts may have a detrimental effect on a Fund, as
this may affect the price paid or received by that Fund or the size of the
position obtainable or able to be sold by that Fund.
EXPENSES
The expenses of each Fund are deducted from their income before dividends
are paid. These expenses include, but are not limited to, organizational costs,
fees paid to the Adviser, fees and expenses of officers and directors who are
not affiliated with the Adviser, taxes, interest, legal fees, transfer agent,
dividend disbursing agent and custodian fees, audit fees, brokerage fees and
commissions, fees and expenses of registering and qualifying the Funds and their
shares for distribution under federal and state securities laws, expenses of
preparing prospectuses and statements of additional information and of printing
and distributing prospectuses and statements of additional information annually
to existing shareholders, the expenses of reports to shareholders, shareholders'
meetings and proxy solicitations, distribution expenses pursuant to the Rule
12b-1 plan, and other expenses which are not expressly assumed by the Adviser
under the applicable Investment Advisory and Management Agreement. Any general
expenses of the Companies that are not readily identifiable as belonging to a
particular series of a Company will be allocated among the series based upon the
relative net assets of the series at the time such expenses were incurred.
DISTRIBUTION PLAN
Rule 12b-1(b) under the 1940 Act provides that any payments made by the
Funds in connection with financing the distribution of their shares may only be
made pursuant to a written plan describing all aspects of the proposed financing
of distribution, and also requires that all agreements with any person relating
to the implementation of the plan must be in writing. Because some of the
payments described below to be made by the Funds are distribution expenses
within the meaning of Rule 12b-1, each Company has entered into an Underwriting
and Distribution Agreement with the Distributor pursuant to a Distribution Plan
adopted in accordance with such Rule.
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<PAGE>
Rule 12b-1(b)(1) requires that each such plan be approved by a majority of
a Fund's outstanding shares, and Rule 12b-1(b)(2) requires that each such plan,
together with any related agreements, be approved by a vote of the Board of
Directors and of the directors who are not interested persons of the respective
Company and who have no direct or indirect interest in the operation of the plan
or in the agreements related to the plan, cast in person at a meeting called for
the purpose of voting on such plan or agreement. Rule 12b-1(b)(3) requires that
the plan or agreement provide, in substance:
(a) that it shall continue in effect for a period of more than one
year from the date of its execution or adoption only so long as such
continuance is specifically approved at least annually in the manner
described in paragraph (b)(2) of Rule 12b-1;
(b) that any person authorized to direct the disposition of moneys
paid or payable by the Company pursuant to the plan or any related
agreement shall provide to the Company's Board of Directors, and the
directors shall review, at least quarterly, a written report of the amounts
so expended and the purposes for which such expenditures were made; and
(c) in the case of a plan, that it may be terminated at any time by a
vote of a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of the Company
who are not interested persons of the Company and who have no direct or
indirect financial interest in the operation of the plan or in any
agreements related to the plan or by a vote of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities of a Fund.
Rule 12b-1(b)(4) requires that such a plan may not be amended to increase
materially the amount to be spent for distribution without shareholder approval
and that all material amendments of the plan must be approved in the manner
described in paragraph (b)(2) of Rule 12b-1.
Rule 12b-1(c) provides that the Company may rely upon Rule 12b-1(b) only if
the selection and nomination of the Company's disinterested directors are
committed to the discretion of such disinterested directors. Rule 12b-1(e)
provides that the Company may implement or continue a plan pursuant to Rule
12b-1(b) only if the directors who vote to approve such implementation or
continuation conclude, in the exercise of reasonable business judgment and in
light of their fiduciary duties under state law, and under Sections 36(a) and
(b) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, that there is a reasonable likelihood
that the plan will benefit the Company and its shareholders. The Board of
Directors has concluded that there is a reasonable likelihood that the
Distribution Plans will benefit the Companies and their shareholders.
Pursuant to the provisions of the Distribution Plans, each Fund pays a
quarterly fee to the Distributor for servicing the Fund's shareholder accounts
and
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<PAGE>
providing distribution-related services to the Funds. Such fees are equal, on
an annual basis, to .50% of the average daily net assets of Government Fund,
.30% of the average daily net assets of Bond Fund attributable to such Fund's
Class A shares and .15% of the average daily net assets of ARMS Fund. The Class
Y shares of Bond Fund do not pay fees under such Fund's Distribution Plan.
Except with respect to ARMS Fund, a portion of each Fund's total fee is
paid as a distribution fee and will be used by the Distributor to cover expenses
that are primarily intended to result in, or that are primarily attributable to,
the sale of shares of such Fund ("Distribution Expenses"), and a portion of the
fee is paid as a shareholder servicing fee and will be used by the Distributor
to provide compensation for ongoing servicing and/or maintenance of shareholder
accounts with respect to such Fund ("Shareholder Servicing Costs"). With
respect to Government Fund and Bond Fund, a portion of each Fund's total fee
equal to .25% and .05%, respectively, of average daily net assets is categorized
as a distribution fee and the remaining portion of the fee, equal to .25% of
each Fund's average daily net assets, is categorized as a servicing fee. All of
the Rule 12b-1 fee paid by ARMS Fund is categorized as a servicing fee.
Distribution Expenses under the Plan include, but are not limited to,
initial and ongoing sales compensation (in addition to sales charges) paid to
Investment Executives of the Distributor and to other broker-dealers; expenses
incurred in the printing of prospectuses, statements of additional information
and reports used for sales purposes; expenses of preparation and distribution of
sales literature; expenses of advertising of any type; an allocation of the
Distributor's overhead; and payments to and expenses of persons who provide
support services in connection with the distribution of Fund shares.
Shareholder Servicing Costs include all expenses of the Distributor incurred in
connection with providing administrative or accounting services to shareholders,
including, but not limited to, an allocation of the Distributor's overhead and
payments made to persons, including employees of the Distributor, who respond to
inquiries of shareholders of the Funds regarding their ownership of shares or
their accounts with the Funds, or who provide other administrative services not
otherwise required to be provided by the Funds' Adviser or transfer agent.
The table below sets forth the distribution fees paid by Government
Fund and Bond Fund for the periods indicated.
Distribution fees Distribution fees Distribution fees
for the fiscal for the fiscal for the fiscal
year ended year ended year ended
Fund September 30, 1995 September 30, 1996 September 30, 1997
- ---- ------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Government Fund $365,759 $292,676 $
Bond Fund 781,067 475,345
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<PAGE>
With respect to ARMS Fund, distribution fees paid by the Fund for the
fiscal year ended August 31, 1996, the fiscal period from September 1, 1996 to
September 30, 1996, and the fiscal year ended September 30, 1997 were $638,422,
$32,843 and $_____, respectively. The Distribution Plan for ARMS Fund was not
in effect during prior fiscal years.
For the fiscal years ended September 30, 1995 and 1996, the Distributor
voluntarily limited the amounts payable under the Distribution Plan to annual
rates of .20% and .32% of average daily net assets for Bond Fund and Government
Fund, respectively. The voluntary limitations for the fiscal year ended
September 30, 1997 were .34% of Government Fund's average daily net assets and
.22% of Bond Fund's average daily net assets attributable to such Fund's Class A
shares. The same limitations remain in place for the fiscal year ending
September 30, 1998.
Fees payable under the Piper Funds Distribution Plan for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1997 were used by the Distributor as follows:
Government Fund Bond Fund
--------------- ---------
Advertising $ $
Printing and mailing of prospectuses to
other than current shareholders $ $
Compensation to underwriters (trail
fees to investment executives) $ $
Compensation to dealers $ $
Compensation to sales personnel $ $
Interest, carrying or other
financing charge $ $
Other (specify) $______ $______
Total $ $
With respect to ARMS Fund, total servicing fees in the amount of $_____
were paid under such Fund's Distribution Plan for the fiscal year ended
September 30, 1997 and were used for compensation to underwriters (trail fees to
investment executives).
UNDERWRITING AND DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT
Pursuant to Underwriting and Distribution Agreements with Piper Funds and
Piper Funds--II, the Distributor has agreed to act as the principal underwriter
for the Funds in the sale and distribution to the public of shares of the Funds,
either through dealers or otherwise. The Distributor has agreed to offer such
shares for sale at all times when such shares are available for sale and may
lawfully be offered for sale and sold. As compensation for its services, in
addition to receiving fees pursuant to the Distribution Plans discussed above,
the Distributor receives the sales
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<PAGE>
charge on sales of Fund shares as set forth in the Prospectuses. The following
tables set forth the aggregate dollar amount of underwriting commissions paid by
the Funds for the periods indicated and the amount of such commissions retained
by the Distributor.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Underwriting
Total Underwriting Commissions Commissions Retained by Distributor
--------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------
Fiscal year Fiscal year Fiscal year Fiscal year Fiscal year Fiscal year
ended 9/30/95 ended 9/30/96 ended 9/30/97 ended 9/30/95 ended 9/30/96 ended 9/30/97
------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Government Fund $ 111,536 $ 42,651 $ $ 64,691 $ 17,487 $
Bond Fund 43,458 12,517 25,206 5,132
Underwriting
Total Underwriting Commissions Commissions Retained by Distributor
--------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------
Fiscal period Fiscal period
Fiscal year from 9/1/96 Fiscal year Fiscal year from 9/1/96 Fiscal year
ended 8/31/96 to 9/30/96 ended 9/30/97 ended 8/31/96 to 9/30/96 ended 9/30/97
------------- ---------- ------------- ------------- ---------- -------------
ARMS Fund $ 9,280 $ 3,805 $ _____ $ 0 $ 0 $ _____
</TABLE>
The Underwriting and Distribution Agreement between the Distributor and
Piper Funds--II was not in effect prior to the fiscal year ended August 31,
1996.
For the same periods, in addition to retaining the underwriting commissions
set forth above, the Distributor received brokerage commissions as set forth
below.
Brokerage Commissions Paid to Distributor
--------------------------------------------------------------
Fiscal year ended Fiscal year ended Fiscal year ended
September 30, 1995 September 30, 1996 September 30, 1997
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Government Fund $1,700 $ 0 $
Bond Fund 0 0
ARMS Fund did not pay any brokerage commissions to the Distributor during
the fiscal year ended August 31, 1996, the fiscal period from September 1, 1996
to September 30, 1996 or the fiscal year ended September 30, 1997.
TRANSFER AGENT AND DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT
Investors Fiduciary Trust Company ("IFTC"), the transfer agent for the
Companies, maintains certain omnibus shareholder accounts for each of the Funds.
Each such omnibus account represents the accounts of a number of individual
shareholders of a Fund. The Company has entered into Shareholder Account
Servicing Agreements with the Distributor and Piper Trust Company ("Piper
Trust"), pursuant to which the Distributor and Piper Trust provide certain
transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent services for the underlying
individual shareholder accounts held at the respective companies. Pursuant to
such Agreements, the Distributor and Piper Trust have agreed to perform the
usual and ordinary services of transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent not
performed by IFTC with respect to the underlying individual shareholder
accounts, including,
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<PAGE>
without limitation, the following: maintaining all shareholder accounts,
preparing shareholder meeting lists, mailing shareholder reports and
prospectuses, tracking shareholder accounts for blue sky and Rule l2b-1
purposes, withholding taxes on nonresident alien and foreign corporation
accounts, preparing and mailing checks for disbursement of income dividends and
capital gains distributions, preparing and filing U.S. Treasury Department Form
1099 for all shareholders, preparing and mailing confirmation forms to
shareholders and dealers with respect to all purchases, exchanges and
liquidations of series shares and other transactions in shareholder accounts for
which confirmations are required, recording reinvestments of dividends and
distributions in series shares, recording redemptions of series shares, and
preparing and mailing checks for payments upon redemption and for disbursements
to withdrawal plan holders. As compensation for such services, the Distributor
and Piper Trust are paid annual fees of $7.50 per active shareholder account
(defined as an account that has a balance of shares) by each Fund and $1.60 per
closed account (defined as an account that does not have a balance of shares but
has had activity within the past 12 months) by each Fund. Such fees are payable
on a monthly basis at a rate of 1/12 of the annual per-account charge. Such
fees cover all services listed above, with the exception of preparing
shareholder meeting lists and mailing shareholder reports and prospectuses.
These services, along with proxy processing (if applicable) and other special
service requests, are billable as performed at a mutually agreed upon fee in
addition to the annual fee noted above, provided that such mutually agreed upon
fee shall be fair and reasonable in light of the usual and customary charges
made by others for services of the same nature and quality.
During the fiscal year ended September 30, 1997, Government Fund, Bond Fund
and ARMS Fund paid $_____, $_____ and $_____, respectively, to the Distributor
and $_____, $_____ and $_____, respectively, to Piper Trust under the
Shareholder Account Servicing Agreements.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND ALLOCATION OF BROKERAGE
The Adviser is responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities for the
Funds, the selection of broker-dealers to effect the transactions and the
negotiation of brokerage commissions, if any. In placing orders for securities
transactions, the primary criterion for the selection of a broker-dealer is the
ability of the broker-dealer, in the opinion of the Adviser, to secure prompt
execution of the transactions on favorable terms, including the reasonableness
of the commission and considering the state of the market at the time.
When consistent with these objectives, business may be placed with
broker-dealers who furnish investment research or services to the Adviser. Such
research or services include advice, both directly and in writing, as to the
value of securities; the advisability of investing in, purchasing or selling
securities; and the availability of securities, or purchasers or sellers of
securities; as well as analyses and reports concerning issues, industries,
securities, economic factors and trends,
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<PAGE>
portfolio strategy and the performance of accounts. This allows the Adviser to
supplement its own investment research activities and enables the Adviser to
obtain the views and information of individuals and research staffs of many
different securities firms prior to making investment decisions for the Funds.
To the extent portfolio transactions are effected with broker-dealers who
furnish research services to the Adviser, the Adviser receives a benefit, not
capable of evaluation in dollar amounts, without providing any direct monetary
benefit to the Funds from these transactions. The Adviser believes that most
research services obtained by it generally benefit several or all of the
investment companies and private accounts which it manages, as opposed to solely
benefiting one specific managed fund or account. Normally, research services
obtained through managed funds or accounts investing in common stocks would
primarily benefit the managed funds or accounts which invest in common stock;
similarly, services obtained from transactions in fixed-income securities would
normally be of greater benefit to the managed funds or accounts which invest in
debt securities. The Funds will not purchase at a higher price or sell at a
lower price in connection with transactions effected with a director, acting as
principal, who furnishes research services to the Adviser than would be the case
if no weight were given by the Adviser to the dealer's furnishing of such
services.
The Adviser has not entered into any formal or informal agreements with any
broker-dealers, nor does it maintain any "formula" which must be followed in
connection with the placement of the Funds' portfolio transactions in exchange
for research services provided the Adviser, except as noted below. However, the
Adviser does maintain an informal list of broker-dealers, which is used from
time to time as a general guide in the placement of the Funds' business, in
order to encourage certain broker-dealers to provide the Adviser with research
services which the Adviser anticipates will be useful to it. Because the list
is merely a general guide, which is to be used only after the primary criterion
for the selection of broker-dealers (discussed above) has been met, substantial
deviations from the list are permissible and may be expected to occur. The
Adviser will authorize the Funds to pay an amount of commission for effecting a
securities transaction in excess of the amount of commission another
broker-dealer would have charged only if the Adviser determines in good faith
that such amount of commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the
brokerage and research services provided by such broker-dealer, viewed in terms
of either that particular transaction or the Adviser's overall responsibilities
with respect to the accounts as to which it exercises investment discretion.
Generally, the Funds pay higher than the lowest commission rates available.
Portfolio transactions for the Funds, including transactions in futures
contracts and options thereon, may be effected through the Distributor. In
determining the commissions to be paid to the Distributor in connection with
transactions effected on a securities exchange, it is the policy of the Funds
that such commissions will, in the judgment of the Adviser, subject to review by
the Board of Directors, be both (a) at least as favorable as those which would
be charged by other
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<PAGE>
qualified brokers or futures commission merchants in connection with comparable
transactions involving similar securities or similar futures contracts or
options on futures contracts being purchased or sold on an exchange during a
comparable period of time, and (b) at least as favorable as commissions
contemporaneously charged by the Distributor on comparable transactions for its
most favored comparable unaffiliated customers. While the Funds do not deem it
practicable and in their best interest to solicit competitive bids for
commission rates on each transaction, consideration will regularly be given to
posted commission rates as well as to other information concerning the level of
commissions charged on comparable transactions by other qualified brokers and
futures commission merchants.
The Funds paid the following brokerage commissions for the periods
indicated:
Fiscal Year Ended Fiscal Year Ended Fiscal Year Ended
September 30, 1995 September 30, 1996 September 30, 1997
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Government Fund $15,300 $7,650 $
Bond Fund 11,833 0
The following table sets forth additional information with respect to
brokerage commissions paid during the fiscal year ended September 30, 1997:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% of Fund's aggregate
dollar amount of
transactions involving
% of Fund's payment of
Brokerage total brokerage commissions which
Total brokerage commissions paid commissions paid was effected through
commissions paid to Distributor to Distributor the Distributor
---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ----------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Government Fund $ $ % %
Bond Fund % %
</TABLE>
For the fiscal year ended August 31, 1995, DDJ paid aggregate brokerage
commissions of $3,740, of which $1,700 was paid to the Distributor. For the
fiscal year ended August 31, 1996, the fiscal period from September 1, 1996 to
September 30, 1996, and the fiscal year ended September 30, 1997, ARMS Fund paid
no brokerage commissions.
From time to time the Funds may acquire the securities of their regular
brokers or dealers or parent companies of such brokers or dealers. None of the
Funds held any such securities at fiscal year end or purchased any such
securities during the fiscal year or fiscal period.
OPTION TRADING LIMITS
The writing by the Funds of options on securities will be subject to
limitations established by each of the registered securities exchanges on which
such options are
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<PAGE>
traded. Such limitations govern the maximum number of options in each class
which may be written by a single investor or group of investors acting in
concert, regardless of whether the options are written on the same or different
securities exchanges or are held or written in one or more accounts or through
one or more brokers. Thus, the number of options which one Fund may write may
be affected by options written by the other Funds and other series of the
Companies and by other investment advisory clients of the Adviser. An exchange
may order the liquidation of positions found to be in excess of these limits,
and it may impose certain other sanctions.
CAPITAL STOCK AND OWNERSHIP OF SHARES
Piper Funds, which was organized under the laws of the State of Minnesota
in 1986, is authorized to issue a total of 10 trillion shares of common stock,
with a par value of $.01 per share. Three hundred and ninety billion of these
shares have been authorized by the Board of Directors to be issued in twelve
separate series, as follows: Growth Fund, Emerging Growth Fund, Small Company
Growth Fund, Growth and Income Fund, Balanced Fund, Government Income Fund,
Intermediate Bond Fund, National Tax-Exempt Fund and Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund,
each of which has ten billion authorized shares, and Money Market Fund,
Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund and U.S. Government Money Market Fund, each of
which has one hundred billion authorized shares.
Piper Funds II, which was organized under the laws of the State of
Minnesota on April 10, 1995, is authorized to issue a total of 100 billion
shares of common stock, with a par value of $.01 per share. Ten billion of
those shares have been designated as Series A Common Shares, which are the
shares of common stock of Adjustable Rate Mortgage Securities Fund. Currently,
Series A is the only outstanding series of Piper Funds II.
Each Fund's shares constitute a separate series of the Company's common
stock. The assets received by a Company for the issue or sale of shares of each
series, and all income, earnings, profits and proceeds thereof, subject only to
the rights of creditors, will be allocated to such series, and constitute the
underlying assets of such series. The underlying assets of each series are
required to be segregated on the books of account, and are to be charged with
the expenses relating to such series and with a share of the general expenses of
the Company. Any general expenses of a Company not readily identifiable as
belonging to a particular series shall be allocated among the series based on
the relative net assets of the series at the time such expenses were accrued.
For both Piper Funds and Piper Funds II, the Board of Directors is
empowered under the Articles of Incorporation to issue additional series of
common stock without shareholder approval. In addition, the Board of Directors
may, without shareholder approval, create and issue one or more additional
classes of shares
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within each Fund, as well as within any series of Piper Funds or Piper Funds II
created in the future.
All shares, when issued, will be fully paid and nonassessable and will be
redeemable. All shares have equal voting rights. They can be issued as full or
fractional shares. A fractional share has pro-rata the same kind of rights and
privileges as a full share. The shares possess no preemptive or conversion
rights.
Each share of a series has one vote (with proportionate voting for
fractional shares) irrespective of the relative net asset value of the series'
shares. On some issues, such as the election of directors, all shares of Piper
Funds or Piper Funds II vote together as one series. On an issue affecting only
a particular series, the shares of the affected series vote separately.
Cumulative voting is not authorized. This means that the holders of more than
50% of the shares voting for the election of directors can elect 100% of the
directors if they choose to do so, and, in such event, the holders of the
remaining shares will be unable to elect any directors.
As of _______, 1997, no shareholder owned of record or was known by the
Funds to own beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of any class of
any of the Funds. The directors and officers of the Company as a group owned
less than 1% of the outstanding shares of each Fund, and of each class thereof,
as of such date.
NET ASSET VALUE AND PUBLIC OFFERING PRICE
The method for determining the public offering price of Fund shares is
summarized in the Prospectuses in the text following the heading "Managing Your
Investment--Buying Shares." The net asset value of each Fund's shares is
determined on each day on which the New York Stock Exchange is open, provided
that the net asset value need not be determined on days when no Fund shares are
tendered for redemption and no order for Fund shares is received. The New York
Stock Exchange is not open for business on the following holidays (or on the
nearest Monday or Friday if the holiday falls on a weekend): New Year's Day,
Presidents' Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, July 4th, Labor Day, Thanksgiving
and Christmas.
The portfolio securities in which each Fund invests fluctuate in value, and
hence the net asset value per share of each Fund also fluctuates. On
September 30, 1997, the net asset value per share for each Fund was calculated
as follows:
GOVERNMENT FUND
Net Assets ($ ) = Net Asset Value Per Share
- -----------------------------
Shares Outstanding ( ) ($ )
-------- ----
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BOND FUND--CLASS A SHARES
Net Assets ($ ) = Net Asset Value Per Share
- -----------------------------
Shares Outstanding ( ) ($ )
-------- ----
BOND FUND--CLASS Y SHARES
Net Assets ($ ) = Net Asset Value Per Share
- -----------------------------
Shares Outstanding ( ) ($ )
-------- ----
ARMS FUND
Net Assets ($ ) = Net Asset Value Per Share
- -----------------------------
Shares Outstanding ( ) ($ )
-------- ----
PERFORMANCE COMPARISONS
Advertisements and other sales literature for the Funds may refer to a
Fund's "average annual total return" and "cumulative total return." In
addition, each Fund may provide yield calculations in advertisements and other
sales literature. All such yield and total return quotations are based on
historical earnings and are not intended to indicate future performance. The
return on and principal value of an investment in any of the Funds will
fluctuate, so that an investor's shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or
less than their original cost.
Average annual total return is the average annual compounded rate of return
on a hypothetical $1,000 investment made at the beginning of the advertised
period. Average annual total return figures are computed according to the
following formula:
n
P(1+T) = ERV
Where: P = a hypothetical initial payment of $1,000;
T = average annual total return;
n = number of years; and
ERV = ending redeemable value at the end of the period
of a hypothetical $1,000 payment made at the
beginning of such period.
This calculation deducts the maximum sales charge from the initial hypothetical
$1,000 investment, assumes all dividends and capital gains distributions are
reinvested at net asset value on the appropriate reinvestment dates as described
in the Prospectuses, and includes all recurring fees, such as investment
advisory and management fees, charged to all shareholder accounts. Average
annual total return quotations may be accompanied by quotations which do not
reflect the reduction in
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value of the initial investment due to the sales charge, and which thus will be
higher.
The following table sets forth the average annual total returns for each
Fund for one year, five years and since inception (ten years for Government
Fund) for the period ending September 30, 1997.
Average Annual Total Returns
----------------------------
1 Year 5 Years Since Inception
------ ------- ---------------
Government Fund (1) % % %
Bond Fund, Class A Shares (2) % % %
Bond Fund, Class Y Shares (3) N/A N/A %
ARMS Fund (4) % % %
- --------------
(1) Inception date: 3/16/87. The performance information provided is for ten
years.
(2) Inception date: 7/11/88. The Fund's investment policies were revised on
September 13, 1996 to permit investments in a broad range of investment
quality debt securities. Prior to that date, the Fund was named
Institutional Government Income Portfolio, and was permitted to invest only
in U.S. government securities and repurchase agreements for such
securities. Total return calculations deduct the current maximum sales
charge of 2%. The maximum sales charge prior to September 13, 1996 was
1.5%.
(3) Inception date: ________.
(4) Inception date: 1/30/92. Performance for periods prior to September 1,
1995 is that of DDJ, the Fund's predecessor for financial reporting
purposes.
The Distributor has voluntarily limited Rule 12b-1 fees and the Adviser has
paid certain expenses of some of the Funds, thereby increasing total return and
yield. These fees and expenses may or may not waived or paid in the future in
the Adviser's discretion. Absent any voluntary expense payments or fee waivers,
the average annual total returns for such Funds for one year, five years and
since inception (ten years for Government Fund) for the period ending September
30, 1997 would have been.
Average Annual Total Returns
----------------------------
(absent voluntary waivers and reimbursements)
1 Year 5 Years Since Inception
------ ------- ---------------
Government Fund (1) % % %
Bond Fund, Class A Shares (2) % %
Bond Fund, Class Y Shares (3) % % %
- -------------
(1) Inception date: 3/16/87. The performance information provided is for ten
years.
(2) Inception date: 7/11/88.
(3) Inception date: ______.
+ There were no voluntary expense waivers or payments by the Adviser during
this period.
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Cumulative total return is calculated by subtracting a hypothetical $1,000
payment to a Fund from the redeemable value of such payment at the end of the
advertised period, dividing such difference by $1,000 and multiplying the
quotient by 100. Cumulative total return is computed according to the following
formula:
CTR = (ERV-P) 100
-------
P
Where: CTR = Cumulative total return;
ERV = ending redeemable value at the end of the period
of a hypothetical $1,000 payment made at the
beginning of such period; and
P = initial payment of $1,000.
This calculation assumes all dividends and capital gain distributions are
reinvested at net asset value on the appropriate reinvestment dates as described
in the Prospectuses and includes all recurring fees, such as investment advisory
and management fees, charged to all shareholder accounts. Cumulative total
return quotations may be accompanied by quotations which do not reflect the
reduction in value of the initial investment due to the sales charge, and which
thus will be higher.
The following table sets forth the cumulative total returns for each Fund
from inception to September 30, 1997.
Cumulative Total Returns
Cumulative (absent voluntary fee waivers
Total Returns and expense reimbursements)
------------- -----------------------------
Government Fund (1) % %
Bond Fund, Class A Shares (2) % %
Bond Fund, Class Y Shares (3) % %
ARMS Fund (4) % %
- ---------------
(1) Inception date: 3/16/87
(2) Inception date: 7/11/88. The Fund's investment policies were revised on
September 13, 1996 to permit investments in a broad range of investment
quality debt securities. Prior to that date, the Fund was named
Institutional Government Income Portfolio, and was permitted to invest only
in U.S. government securities and repurchase agreements for such
securities. Total return calculations deduct the current maximum sales
charge of 2%. The maximum sales charge prior to September 13, 1996 was
1.5%.
(3) Inception date: ______.
(4) Inception date: 1/30/92. Performance for periods prior to September 1,
1995 is that of DDJ, the Fund's predecessor for financial reporting
purposes.
The Funds may issue yield quotations. Yield is computed by dividing the
net investment income per share (as defined under Securities and Exchange
Commission rules and regulations) earned during the advertised period by the
offering price per share (including the maximum sales charge) on the last day of
the period. The result will then be "annualized" using a formula that provides
for
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semi-annual compounding of income. Yield is computed according to the following
formula:
YIELD = 2[(a-b + 1)6 - 1]
---
cd
Where: a = dividends and interest earned during the period;
b = expenses accrued for the period (net of
reimbursements);
c = the average daily number of shares outstanding during
the period that were entitled to receive dividends; and
d = the maximum offering price per share on the last day of
the period.
For the 30-day period ended September 30, 1997, Government Fund, Bond Fund,
Class A shares, Bond Fund, Class Y Shares and ARMS Fund had yields of ____%,
____%, ____% and ____%, respectively. Absent voluntary expense payments or fee
waivers, the 30-day yields as of September 30, 1997 would have been ____%,
____%, ____% and ____%, respectively.
In addition to advertising total return and yield, comparative performance
information may be used from time to time in advertising the Funds' shares,
including data from Lipper Analytical Services, Inc. ("Lipper"), Morningstar,
other industry publications and other entities or organizations which track the
performance of investment companies. The performance of each Fund may be
compared to that of its benchmark index and to the performance of similar funds
as reported by Lipper. Each Fund's benchmark index and comparison group are set
forth below.
Performance information for the Funds also may be compared to other
unmanaged indices. Unmanaged indices do not reflect deductions for
administrative and management costs and expenses. The Funds may also include in
advertisements and communications to Fund shareholders evaluations of the Funds
published by nationally recognized ranking services and by financial
publications that are nationally recognized, such as BARRON'S, BUSINESS WEEK,
FORBES, INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR, INVESTOR'S DAILY, MONEY, KIPLINGER'S PERSONAL
FINANCE MAGAZINE, MORNINGSTAR MUTUAL FUND VALUES, THE NEW YORK TIMES, USA TODAY
and THE WALL STREET JOURNAL.
The performance of Bond Fund may be compared to the performance of the U.S.
Mortgage Funds Average, as reported by Lipper, and to the performance of the
Lehman Brothers Intermediate Aggregate Index. The performance of Government
Fund may be compared to the performance of the U.S. Mortgage Fund Average, as
reported by Lipper, and to the performance of the Merrill Lynch 5 -10 Year
Treasury Index. The performance of ARMS Fund may be compared to the performance
of the Adjustable Rate Mortgage Funds Average, as reported by Lipper, and to the
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performance of the Lehman Brothers Adjustable Rate Mortgage Index, an unmanaged
index.
PURCHASE OF SHARES
For shares of Government Fund and ARMS Fund, and Class A shares of Bond
Fund, an investor may qualify for a reduced sales charge through one or more of
several plans. An investor must notify his or her Piper Jaffray Investment
Executive or broker-dealer at the time of purchase to take advantage of these
plans.
COMBINED PURCHASE PLAN
An investor may reduce or eliminate front-end or initial sales charges by
aggregating his or her purchase with purchases of certain related personal
accounts. In addition, purchases made by members of certain organized groups
will be aggregated for purposes of determining sales charges. Sales charges are
calculated by adding the dollar amount of the investor's current purchase to the
higher of the cost or current value of shares of any Piper fund sold with a
front-end sales charge that are currently held by the investor and the
investor's related accounts or by other members of the organized group.
QUALIFIED GROUPS. Purchases in the following personal accounts may be
grouped together:
- The investor's individual account.
- The account of the investor's spouse.
- Accounts of the investor's children.
- The investor's employee benefit plan accounts if they are exclusively
for his or her benefit. This includes accounts such as IRAs, individual
403(b) plans or single-participant Keogh-type plans but does not include
plans that cover more than one participant.
- A trust or trusts created for the primary benefit of the investor, his
or her spouse or his or her children.
Additionally, purchases made by members of any organized group meeting the
requirements listed below may be aggregated for purposes of determining sales
charges:
- The group has been in existence for more than six months.
- It is not organized for the purpose of buying redeemable securities of a
registered investment company.
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<PAGE>
- Purchases must be made through a central administration, or through a
single dealer, or by other means that results in economy of sales effort or
expense.
An organized group does not include a group of individuals whose sole
organizational connection is participation as credit card holders of a company,
policyholders of an insurance company, customers of either a bank or
broker-dealer or clients of an investment adviser.
ACCUMULATION PRIVILEGE
Initial sales charges for purchases of Fund shares into Piper Jaffray
accounts will be automatically calculated taking into account the dollar amount
of any new purchases along with the higher of current value or cost of Class A
shares previously purchased in any other mutual fund managed by the Adviser,
provided such shares were sold with an initial sales charge. For other
broker-dealer accounts, an investor should notify his or her Investment
Executive at the time of purchase of additional Piper fund shares the investor
owns.
LETTER OF INTENT
An investor's initial sales charge may be reduced by signing a non-binding
Letter of Intent, which the investor can obtain by contacting his or her Piper
Jaffray Investment Executive or other broker-dealer. This Letter of Intent will
state the investor's intention to invest $100,000 or more in any of the mutual
funds managed by the Adviser that are sold with an initial sales charge over a
13-month period, beginning not earlier than 90 days prior to the date the
investor signs the Letter. The investor will pay the lower sales charge
applicable to the total amount he or she plans to invest over the 13-month
period.
Any redemptions made during the term of the Letter of Intent will be
subtracted from the amount of purchases in determining whether the Letter of
Intent has been completed. During the term of a Letter of Intent, IFTC will
hold shares representing 5% of the amount that the investor intends to invest
during the 13-month period in escrow for payment of a higher sales charge if the
full amount indicated in the Letter of Intent is not purchased. Dividends on
the escrowed shares will be paid to the shareholder. The escrowed shares will
be released when the full amount indicated has been purchased. If the full
indicated amount is not purchased within the 13-month period, the investor will
be required to pay, either in cash or by liquidating escrowed shares, an amount
equal to the difference in the dollar amount of sales charge actually paid and
the amount of sales charge the investor would have paid on his or her aggregate
purchases if the total of such purchases had been made at a single time.
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SPECIAL PURCHASE PLANS
Shares of Government Fund and ARMS Fund, and Class A shares of Bond Fund,
are available without a sales charge in the following situations:
PURCHASES BY PIPER JAFFRAY COMPANIES, INC., ITS SUBSIDIARIES AND ASSOCIATED
PERSONS
Piper Jaffray Companies Inc. and its subsidiaries may buy shares of the
Funds without incurring a sales charge. The following persons associated with
such entities also may buy Fund shares without paying a sales charge:
- Officers, directors and their spouses.
- Employees, retirees and their spouses.
- Sales representatives and their spouses.
- Children, grandchildren, parents, grandparents or siblings of any of the
above, or spouses of any of these persons.
- Any trust, pension, profit-sharing or other benefit plan for any of the
above.
All persons in the first four groups set forth above may continue to add to
their accounts even after their company relationships have ended.
PURCHASES BY BROKER-DEALERS
Employees of broker-dealers who have entered into sales agreements with the
Distributor, and spouses and children under the age of 21 of such employees, may
buy shares of the Funds without incurring a sales charge.
PURCHASES BY OTHER INDIVIDUALS WITHOUT A SALES CHARGE
The following other individuals and entities may also buy Fund shares
without paying a sales charge:
- Clients of the Adviser buying shares of the Funds in their advisory
accounts.
- Trust companies, including Piper Trust Company, and bank trust
departments using funds over which they exercise discretionary investment
authority and which are held in a fiduciary, agency, advisory, custodial or
similar capacity.
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- Investors purchasing shares through a Piper Jaffray Investment Executive
if the purchase of such shares is funded by the proceeds from the sale of
shares of any non-money market open-end fund that is not managed by the
Adviser. This privilege is available for 30 days after the sale.
- Former shareholders of American Government Term Trust Inc. may invest
the distributions received by them in connection with the dissolution of
such fund in shares of the Funds without payment of a sales charge.
- Investors purchasing shares through a wrap fee account established by
the Distributor or by another broker-dealer who has entered into a selected
dealer agreement with the Distributor.
PURCHASES BY EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
Shares of the Funds will be sold at net asset value, without a sales
charge, to employee benefit plans containing an actively maintained qualified
cash or deferred arrangement under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code
of 1986, as amended (the "Code") (a "401(k) Plan"). In the event a 401(k) Plan
of an employer has purchased shares in the Funds or any other series of the
Company (other than a money market fund) during a calendar quarter, any other
employee benefit plan of such employer that is a qualified plan under Section
401(a) of the Code also may purchase shares of the Funds during such quarter
without incurring a sales charge.
REDEMPTION OF SHARES
GENERAL
Redemption of shares, or payment, may be suspended at times (a) when the
New York Stock Exchange is closed for other than customary weekend or holiday
closings, (b) when trading on said Exchange is restricted, (c) when an emergency
exists, as a result of which disposal by the Funds of securities owned by them
is not reasonably practicable, or it is not reasonably practicable for the Funds
fairly to determine the value of their net assets, or (d) during any other
period when the Securities and Exchange Commission, by order, so permits,
provided that applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange
Commission shall govern as to whether the conditions prescribed in (b) or (c)
exist.
Shareholders who purchased shares through a broker-dealer other than the
Distributor may also redeem such shares by written request to IFTC at the
address set forth in the Prospectus. To be considered in proper form, written
requests for redemption should indicate the dollar amount or number of shares to
be redeemed, refer to the shareholder's Fund account number, and give either a
social security or tax identification number. The request should be signed in
exactly the same way the account is registered. If there is more than one owner
of the shares, all owners must sign. If shares to be redeemed have a value of
$10,000 or more or redemption
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proceeds are to be paid to someone other than the shareholder at the
shareholder's address of record, the signature(s) must be guaranteed by an
"eligible guarantor institution," which includes a commercial bank that is a
member of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, a trust company, a member
firm of a domestic stock exchange, a savings association or a credit union that
is authorized by its charter to provide a signature guarantee. IFTC may reject
redemption instructions if the guarantor is neither a member of nor a
participant in a signature guarantee program. Signature guarantees by notaries
public are not acceptable. The purpose of a signature guarantee is to protect
shareholders against the possibility of fraud. Further documentation will be
requested from corporations, administrators, executors, personal
representatives, trustees and custodians. Redemption requests given by
facsimile will not be accepted. Unless other instructions are given in proper
form, a check for the proceeds of the redemption will be sent to the
shareholder's address of record.
REINVESTING AFTER A SALE
A shareholder who has redeemed shares of a Fund (Class A shares of Bond
Fund), may reinvest all or part of the redemption proceeds in the shares of any
fund managed by the Adviser (the Class A shares of any such fund that offers
multiple classes of shares) within 30 days without payment of an additional
sales charge. If the shareholder paid a contingent deferred sales charge
("CDSC") in connection with such redemption, the Distributor will refund a
proportional amount of such CDSC. Such refund will be based upon the ratio of
the net asset value of shares purchased in the reinvestment to the net asset
value of shares redeemed. Reinvestments will be allowed at net asset value
(without the payment of a front-end sales charge), irrespective of the amounts
of the reinvestment, but shall be subject to the same pro rata CDSC that was
applicable to the earlier investment; however, the period during which the CDSC
shall apply on the newly issued shares shall be the period applicable to the
redeemed shares extended by the number of days between the redemption and the
reinvestment dates (inclusive).
SYSTEMATIC WITHDRAWAL PLAN
To establish a Systematic Withdrawal Plan for any Fund and receive regular
periodic payments, an account must have a value of $5,000 or more ($1 million or
more in the case of Class Y shares of Bond Fund). A request to establish a
Systematic Withdrawal Plan must be submitted in writing to an investor's Piper
Jaffray Investment Executive or other broker-dealer. There are no service
charges for maintenance; the minimum amount that may be withdrawn each period is
$100. (This is merely the minimum amount allowed and should not be interpreted
as a recommended amount.) The holder of a Systematic Withdrawal Plan will have
any income dividends and any capital gains distributions reinvested in full and
fractional shares (of the same Class in the case of Bond Fund) at net asset
value. To provide funds for payment, the appropriate Fund will redeem as many
full and fractional shares as necessary at the redemption price, which is net
asset value.
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Redemption of shares may reduce or possibly exhaust the shares in your account,
particularly in the event of a market decline. As with other redemptions, a
redemption to make a withdrawal payment is a sale for federal income tax
purposes. Payments made pursuant to a Systematic Withdrawal Plan cannot be
considered as actual yield or income since part of such payments may be a return
of capital.
A confirmation of each transaction showing the sources of the payment and
the share and cash balance remaining in the account will be sent. The plan may
be terminated on written notice by the shareholder or the appropriate Fund, and
it will terminate automatically if all shares are liquidated or withdrawn from
the account or upon the death or incapacity of the shareholder. The amount and
schedule of withdrawal payments may be changed or suspended by giving written
notice to your Piper Jaffray Investment Executive or other broker-dealer at
least seven business days prior to the end of the month preceding a scheduled
payment.
TAXATION
Each Fund is treated as a separate corporation for federal income tax
purposes under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
(the "Code"). Therefore, each Fund is treated separately in determining whether
it qualifies as a regulated investment company under the Code and for purposes
of determining the net ordinary income (or loss), net realized capital gains (or
losses) and distributions necessary to relieve such Fund of any federal income
tax liability. Each Fund qualified as a regulated investment company during its
last taxable year and each Fund intends to so qualify during the current taxable
year. To qualify as a regulated investment company a Fund must, among other
things, receive at least 90% of its gross income each year from dividends,
interest, gains from the sale or other disposition of securities and certain
other types of income, including income from options and futures contracts.
The Code requires a regulated investment company to diversify its holdings.
The Internal Revenue Service has not made its position clear regarding the
treatment of futures contracts and options for purposes of the diversification
test, and the extent to which a Fund can buy or sell futures contracts and
options may be limited by this requirement.
If for any taxable year one of the Funds does not qualify as a regulated
investment company, all of its taxable income will be subject to tax at regular
corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to shareholders, and
such distributions will be taxable to the Fund's shareholders as ordinary
dividends to the extent of the Fund's current or accumulated earnings and
profits.
Each Fund will be subject to a nondeductible excise tax equal to 4% of the
excess, if any, of the amount required to be distributed pursuant to the Code
for each calendar year over the amount actually distributed. No amount of such
excess, however, will be subject to the excise tax to the extent it is subject
to the corporate-
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level income tax. In order to avoid the imposition of this excise tax, each
Fund generally must declare dividends by the end of a calendar year representing
98% of the Fund's ordinary income for the calendar year and 98% of its capital
gain net income (both long-term and short-term capital gains) for the 12-month
period ending October 31 of the calendar year. Bond Fund retained income
subject to the 4% excise tax for the 1995, 1994, 1993 and 1992 excise tax years.
Bond Fund intends hereafter to distribute sufficient amounts to avoid payment of
the excise tax.
Gain or loss on futures contracts and options is taken into account when
realized by entering into a closing transaction or by exercise. In addition,
with respect to many types of futures contracts and options held at the end of a
Fund's taxable year, unrealized gain or loss on such contracts is taken into
account at the then current fair market value thereof under a special
"marked-to-market, 60/40 system," and such gain or loss is recognized for tax
purposes. The gain or loss from such futures contracts and options (including
premiums on certain options that expire unexercised) is treated as 60% long-term
and 40% short-term capital gain or loss, regardless of their holding period.
The amount of any capital gain or loss actually realized by a Fund in a
subsequent sale or other disposition of such futures contracts will be adjusted
to reflect any capital gain or loss taken into account by the Fund in a prior
year as a result of the constructive sale under the "marked-to-market, 60/40
system." Notwithstanding the rules described above, with respect to certain
futures contracts, a Fund may make an election that will have the effect of
exempting all or a part of those identified futures contracts from being treated
for federal income tax purposes as sold on the last business day of the Fund's
taxable year. All or part of any loss realized by the Fund on any closing of a
futures contract may be deferred until all of the Fund's offsetting positions
with respect to the futures contract are closed.
Ordinarily, distributions and redemption proceeds earned by a Fund
shareholder are not subject to withholding of federal income tax. However, 31%
of a Fund shareholder's distributions and redemption proceeds must be withheld
if a Fund shareholder fails to supply the Fund or its agent with such
shareholder's taxpayer identification number or if a Fund shareholder who is
otherwise exempt from withholding fails to properly document such shareholder's
status as an exempt recipient.
Any loss on the sale or exchange of shares of a Fund generally will be
disallowed to the extent that a shareholder acquires or contracts to acquire
shares of the same Fund within 30 days before or after such sale or exchange.
In addition, if a shareholder disposes of shares within 90 days of acquiring
such shares and purchases other shares of the Company or of another mutual fund
managed by the Adviser at a reduced sales charge, the shareholder's tax basis
for determining gain or loss on the shares which are disposed of is reduced by
the lesser of the amount of the sales charge that was paid when the shares
disposed of were acquired or the amount by which the sales charge for the new
shares is reduced. If a shareholder's tax basis is
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so reduced, the amount of the reduction is treated as part of the tax basis of
the new shares.
Certain Funds may make investments that produce income that is not matched
by corresponding distributions to such Funds, such as investments in obligations
having original issue discount, such as zero coupon securities, or market
discount (if a Fund elects to accrue the market discount on a current basis with
respect to such instruments). Such income would be treated as income earned by
a Fund and therefore would be subject to the distribution requirements of the
Code. Because such income may not be matched by a corresponding cash
distribution to a Fund, such Fund may be required to borrow money or dispose of
other securities to be able to make distributions to shareholders.
For federal income tax purposes, Government Fund, Bond Fund and ARMS Fund
had capital loss carryovers at September 30, 1997 of $______, $______ and
$______, respectively. ARMS Fund is limited in its utilization of capital loss
carryovers to $69,945,971 per year. If these loss carryovers are not offset by
subsequent capital gains, they will expire September 30, 2002-2004 for
Government Fund, September 30, 2003-2004 for Bond Fund and September 30,
1997-2004 for ARMS Fund. It is unlikely that the Board of Directors will
authorize a distribution of any net realized capital gains for a Fund until such
Fund's available capital loss carryover has been offset or has expired.
Additionally, distributions may be subject to state and local income taxes,
and the treatment thereof may differ from the federal income tax consequences
discussed above.
GENERAL INFORMATION
The Bylaws of both Piper Funds and Piper Funds II provide that shareholder
meetings be held only with such frequency as required under Minnesota law.
Minnesota corporation law requires only that the Board of Directors convene
shareholder meetings when it deems appropriate. In addition, Minnesota law
provides that if a regular meeting of shareholders has not been held during the
immediately preceding 15 months, a shareholder or shareholders holding 3% or
more of the voting shares of a corporation may demand a regular meeting of
shareholders by written notice given to the chief executive officer or chief
financial officer of the corporation. Within 30 days after receipt of the
demand, the Board of Directors shall cause a regular meeting of shareholders to
be called, which meeting shall be held no later than 90 days after receipt of
the demand, all at the expense of the corporation. In addition, the 1940 Act
requires a shareholder vote for all amendments to fundamental investment
policies and restrictions, for all amendments to investment advisory contracts
and for certain amendments to Rule 12b-1 distribution plans.
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Minnesota has enacted legislation which authorizes corporations to
eliminate or limit the personal liability of a director to the corporation or
its shareholders for monetary damages for breach of the fiduciary duty of "care"
(the duty to act with the care an ordinarily prudent person in a like position
would exercise under similar circumstances). Minnesota law does not, however,
permit a corporation to eliminate or limit the liability of a director (a) for
any breach of the director's duty of "loyalty" to the corporation or its
shareholders (the duty to act in good faith and in a manner reasonably believed
to be in the best interest of the corporation), (b) for acts or omissions not in
good faith or that involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law,
(c) for authorizing a dividend, stock repurchase or redemption or other
distribution in violation of Minnesota law or for violation of certain
provisions of Minnesota securities laws, or (d) for any transaction from which
the director derived an improper personal benefit. Minnesota law does not
permit elimination or limitation of a director's liability under the Securities
Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the 1940 Act prohibits
elimination or limitation of a director's liability for acts involving willful
malfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties of
a director. The Articles of Incorporation of the Company limit the liability of
directors to the fullest extent permitted by Minnesota law and the 1940 Act.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial statements and supplementary schedules for the Funds
as of September 30, 1997 have been incorporated by reference into this Statement
of Additional Information from the Funds' annual reports to shareholders in
reliance on the reports of KPMG Peat Marwick LLP, 4200 Norwest Center,
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402, independent auditors of the Funds, given on the
authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
PENDING LITIGATION
Complaints have been brought in federal and state court relating to one
open-end and twelve closed-end investment companies managed by the Adviser and
to two open-end funds for which the Adviser has acted as sub-adviser. On
February 13, 1996, a Settlement Agreement became effective for the consolidated
class action lawsuit, titled IN RE: PIPER FUNDS INC. INSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENT
INCOME PORTFOLIO LITIGATION. The Amended Consolidated Class Action Complaint
was filed on October 5, 1994, in the United States District Court, District of
Minnesota, against Institutional Government Income Portfolio (a series of Piper
Funds Inc.), the Adviser, the Distributor, William H. Ellis and Edward J.
Kohler, and had alleged the making of materially misleading statements in the
prospectus, common law negligent misrepresentation and breach of fiduciary duty.
The Settlement Agreement will provide approximately $67.5 million, together with
interest earned, less certain disbursements and attorney fees, to class members
in payments scheduled over approximately three years. Such payments will be
made by Piper
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Jaffray Companies Inc. and the Adviser and will not be an obligation of Piper
Funds Inc.
Two additional complaints relating to the Institutional Government Income
Portfolio remain pending. These complaints were brought by investors who
requested exclusion from the settlement class and are based on claims similar to
those asserted in the consolidated Class Action complaint. The first pending
complaint was brought on April 11, 1995, and filed in the Minnesota State
District Court, Hennepin County. This action was removed to United States
District Court, District of Minnesota. The plaintiff, Frank R. Berman, Trustee
of Frank R. Berman Professional CP Pension Plan Trust, sued individually and not
on behalf of any putative class. Defendants are the Distributor, Piper Funds
Inc., Morton Silverman and Worth Bruntjen. A second pending complaint relating
to the Institutional Government Income Portfolio was filed on June 22, 1995 in
the Montana Thirteenth Judicial District Court, Yellowstone County by Beverly
Muth against the Distributor and Teresa L. Darnielle. In addition to the above
complaints, actions have been commenced in arbitration by some of individual
investors who requested exclusion from the settlement class in the IN RE: PIPER
FUNDS INC. action.
A complaint was filed by Gary E. Nelson on June 28, 1995 in the United
States District Court for the Western District of Washington at Seattle against
American Strategic Income Portfolio Inc. -- II ("BSP"), the Adviser, the
Distributor, Piper Jaffray Companies Inc., Worth Bruntjen, Charles N. Hayssen,
Michael Jansen, William H. Ellis and Edward J. Kohler. A second complaint was
filed by the same individual in the same court on July 12, 1995 against American
Opportunity Income Fund Inc. ("OIF"), the Adviser, the Distributor, Piper
Jaffray Companies Inc., Worth Bruntjen, Charles N. Hayssen, Michael Jansen,
William H. Ellis and Edward J. Kohler. On September 7, 1995, Christian
Fellowship Foundation Peace United Church of Christ, Gary E. Nelson and Lloyd
Schmidt filed an amended complaint purporting to be a class action in the United
States District Court for the District of Washington. The complaint was filed
against American Government Income Portfolio, Inc. ("AAF"), American Government
Income Fund Inc. ("AGF"), American Government Term Trust, Inc., American
Strategic Income Portfolio Inc. ("ASP"), American Strategic Income Portfolio
Inc. -- II, American Strategic Income Portfolio Inc. -- III ("CSP"), American
Opportunity Income Fund Inc., American Select Portfolio Inc., Piper Jaffray
Companies Inc., the Distributor, the Adviser and certain associated individuals.
By Order filed October 5, 1995, the complaints were consolidated. Plaintiffs
filed a second amended complaint on February 5, 1996 and a third amended
complaint on June 4, 1996. The third amended third complaint alleges generally
that the prospectus and financial statements of each investment company were
false and misleading. Specific violations of various federal securities laws
are alleged with respect to each investment company. The complaint also alleges
that the defendants violated the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations
Act, the Washington State Securities Act and the Washington Consumer Protection
Act. The named plaintiffs and defendants have executed a Settlement Agreement
and the Court has granted preliminary approval of such
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Settlement Agreement. The Final Order of Judgment is under advisement pending a
decision on the motion for an award of attorneys' fees. The Settlement
Agreement provides $15.5 million to class members in payments by Piper Jaffray
Companies Inc. and the Adviser over the next four years. The settlement also
includes an agreement that each of OIF, AAF, and AGF would offer to repurchase
up to 25% of their outstanding shares from current shareholders at net asset
value. If the discounts between net asset value and market price of these funds
do not decrease to 5% or less within approximately two years after the effective
date of the settlement, the fund boards may submit shareholder proposals to
convert these funds to an open-end format. Finally, the agreement stipulates
that each of ASP, BSP, CSP and SLA would offer to repurchase up to 10% of their
outstanding shares from current shareholders at net asset value.
Four additional complaints are pending which involve the funds named as
defendants in the Nelson/Christian Fellowship Consolidated Action and are based
on claims similar to that action. The first additional complaint was filed
against the Distributor and Richard Tallent in Montana State District Court,
Silver Bow County on November 1, 1995 by plaintiff John Darlington. The second
complaint was filed against the Distributor and Richard Tallent on April 11,
1996 in Montana State District Court, Silver Bow County by plaintiff Kenneth
Schneider. The third complaint was filed against the Distributor and Richard
Tallent on April 11, 1996 in Montana State District Court, Silver Bow County by
plaintiff Margaret Nagel. The fourth complaint was filed against the
Distributor on August 7, 1996 by plaintiff Kenneth Gennerman as Trustee of the
Nicole Bowlin Trust in Wisconsin Circuit Court, Waukesha County. In addition to
the above complaints, a number of arbitrations have been commenced by individual
investors in the funds named as defendants in the Nelson/Christian Fellowship
Consolidated Action.
Complaints have also been filed relating to two open-end funds for which
the Adviser has acted as sub-adviser, Managers Intermediate Mortgage Fund and
Managers Short Government Fund. A complaint was filed on September 26, 1994 in
the United States District Court, District of Connecticut, by Florence R. Hosea,
Bobby W. Hosea, Getrud B. Dale and Peter M. Dale, Andrew Poffel and Diane Poffel
as tenants by the Entireties, Myrone Sarone, Donna M. DiPalo, Bernard B. Geltner
and Gail Geltner and Paul Delman. The complaint was filed against The Managers
Funds, The Managers Funds, L.P., Robert P. Watson, the Adviser, the Distributor,
an individual associated with the Adviser, Evaluation Associates, Inc. and
Managers Intermediate Mortgage Fund. The complaint, which is a putative class
action, alleges certain violations of federal securities laws, including the
making of false and misleading statements in the prospectus, and alleges
negligent misrepresentation, breach of fiduciary duty and common law fraud. A
similar complaint was filed as a putative class action in the same court on
November 4, 1994. The complaint was filed by Karen E. Kopelman against The
Managers Fund, The Managers Funds, L.P., Robert P. Watson, the Adviser, the
Distributor, Worth Bruntjen, Evaluation Associates, Inc. and Managers
Intermediate Mortgage Fund. The two putative class actions were consolidated by
court order on December 13,
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1994. Plaintiffs filed an Amended and Restated Complaint on July 19, 1995. A
complaint relating to the Managers Short Government Fund was filed on
November 18, 1994 in the United States District Court, District of Minnesota.
The complaint was filed by Robert Fleck as a putative class action against The
Managers Funds, The Managers Funds, L.P., the Adviser, the Distributor, Worth
Bruntjen, Evaluation Associates, Inc., Robert P. Watson, John E. Rosati, William
M. Graulty, Madeline H. McWhinney, Steven J. Pasggioli, Thomas R. Schneeweis and
Managers Short Government Fund, F/K/A/ Managers Short Government Income Fund.
The complaint alleges certain violations of federal securities laws, including
the making of false and misleading statements in the prospectus, and negligent
misrepresentation. The named plaintiff and defendants have entered into a
Settlement Agreement. If granted final approval by the Court, the settlement
agreement will provide to class members up to a total of $1.5 million
collectively from The Managers Funds, L.P. and the Adviser on the effective date
of the settlement. A third complaint relating to both the Managers Intermediate
Mortgage Fund and the Managers Short Government Fund was filed on October 26,
1995 in Connecticut State Superior Court, Stamford/Norwalk District. The
complaint was filed by First Commercial Trust Company, N.A. against the Managers
Funds, Managers Short Government Fund, Managers Intermediate Mortgage Fund,
Managers Short and Intermediate Bond Fund, The Managers Funds, L.P., EAIMC
Holdings Corporation, Evaluation Associates Holding Corporation, EAI Partners,
L.P., Evaluation Associates, Inc., Robert P. Watson, William W. Graulty,
Madeline H. McWhinney, Steven J. Paggioli, Thomas R. Schneeweis, William J.
Crerend, the Adviser, Piper Jaffray Companies Inc., Worth Bruntjen, Standish,
Ayer & Wood, Inc., TCW Funds Managements, Inc., and TCW Management Company. The
complaint alleges claims under Connecticut common law and violation of the
Connecticut Securities Act and the Connecticut Unfair and Deceptive Trade
Practices Act.
The Adviser and Distributor do not believe that the settlements described
above, or any of the above lawsuits and arbitrations, will have a material
adverse effect upon their ability to perform under their agreements with the
Company, and they intend to defend the remaining lawsuits vigorously.
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APPENDIX A
CORPORATE BOND, PREFERRED STOCK AND
COMMERCIAL PAPER RATINGS
COMMERCIAL PAPER RATINGS
STANDARD & POOR'S RATINGS SERVICES. Commercial paper ratings are graded
into four categories, ranging from "A" for the highest quality obligations to
"D" for the lowest. Issues assigned the A rating are regarded as having the
greatest capacity for timely payment. Issues in this category are further
refined with designation 1, 2 and 3 to indicate the relative degree of safety.
The "A-1" designation indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely
payment is very strong. Those issues determined to possess overwhelming safety
characteristics will be denoted with a plus sign designation.
MOODY'S INVESTORS SERVICE, INC. Moody's commercial paper ratings are
opinions of the ability of the issuers to repay punctually promissory
obligations not having an original maturity in excess of nine months. Moody's
makes no representation that such obligations are exempt from registration under
the Securities Act of 1933, nor does it represent that any specific note is a
valid obligation of a rated issuer or issued in conformity with any applicable
law. Moody's employs the following three designations, all judged to be
investment grade, to indicate the relative repayment capacity of rated issuers:
Prime-1 Superior capacity for repayment of short-term promissory
obligations
Prime-2 Strong capacity for repayment of short-term promissory
obligations
Prime-3 Acceptable capacity for repayment of short-term promissory
obligations
CORPORATE BOND RATINGS
STANDARD & POOR'S RATINGS SERVICES. Standard & Poor's ratings for
corporate bonds have the following definitions:
Debt rated "AAA" has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor's.
Capacity to pay interest and repay principal is extremely strong.
Debt rated "AA" has a very strong capacity to pay interest and repay
principal and differs from the higher rated issues only in a small degree.
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Debt rated "A" has a strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal,
although it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in
circumstances and economic conditions than debt in higher rated categories.
Debt rated "BBB" is regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay interest
and repay principal. Whereas it normally exhibits adequate protection
parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more
likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest and repay principal for
debt in this category than in higher rated categories.
MOODY'S INVESTORS SERVICE, INC. Moody's ratings for corporate bonds
include the following:
Bonds which are rated "Aaa" are judged to be of the best quality. They
carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as
"gilt edge." Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally
stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements
are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to
impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.
Bonds which are rated "Aa" are judged to be of high quality by all
standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known
as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins
of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of
protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements
present which make the long-term risk appear somewhat larger than in Aaa
securities.
Bonds which are rated "A" possess many favorable attributes and are to be
considered as upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving security to
principal and interest are considered adequate but elements may be present which
suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.
Bonds which are rated "Baa" are considered as medium grade obligations,
i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments
and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective
elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great
length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in
fact have speculative characteristics as well.
PREFERRED STOCK RATING
STANDARD & POOR'S RATINGS SERVICES. Standard & Poor's ratings for
preferred stock have the following definitions:
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An issue rated "AAA" has the highest rating that may be assigned by
Standard & Poor's to a preferred stock issue and indicates an extremely strong
capacity to pay the preferred stock obligations.
A preferred stock issue rated "AA" also qualifies as a high-quality fixed
income security. The capacity to pay preferred stock obligations is very
strong, although not as overwhelming as for issues rated "AAA."
An issue rated "A" is backed by a sound capacity to pay the preferred stock
obligations, although it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of
changes in circumstances and economic conditions.
An issue rated "BBB" is regarded as backed by an adequate capacity to pay
the preferred stock obligations. Whereas it normally exhibits adequate
protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are
more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to make payments for a preferred
stock in this category than for issues in the "A" category.
MOODY'S INVESTORS SERVICE, INC. Moody's ratings for preferred stock
include the following:
An issue which is rated "aaa" is considered to be a top-quality preferred
stock. This rating indicates good asset protection and the least risk of
dividend impairment within the universe of preferred stocks.
An issue which is rated "aa" is considered a high grade preferred stock.
This rating indicates that there is reasonable assurance that earnings and asset
protection will remain relatively well maintained in the foreseeable future.
An issue which is rate "a" is considered to be an upper medium grade
preferred stock. While risks are judged to be somewhat greater than in the
"aaa" and "aa" classifications, earnings and asset protection are, nevertheless,
expected to be maintained at adequate levels.
An issue which is rated "baa" is considered to be medium grade, neither
highly protected nor poorly secured. Earnings and asset protection appear
adequate at present but may be questionable over any great length of time.
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APPENDIX B
INTEREST RATE FUTURES CONTRACTS AND RELATED OPTIONS
INTEREST RATE FUTURES CONTRACTS
Government Fund may purchase and sell interest rate futures contracts and
options thereon. An interest rate futures contract creates an obligation on the
part of the seller (the "short") to deliver, and an offsetting obligation on the
part of the purchaser (the "long") to accept delivery of, the type of financial
instrument called for in the contract in a specified delivery month for a stated
price. A majority of transactions in interest rate futures contracts, however,
do not result in the actual delivery of the underlying instrument, but are
settled through liquidation, i.e., by entering into an offsetting transaction.
The interest rate futures contracts to be traded by the Fund are traded only on
commodity exchanges--known as "contract markets"--approved for such trading by
the Commodity Futures Trading Commission and must be executed through a futures
commission merchant or brokerage firm which is a member of the relevant contract
market. These contract markets, through their clearing corporations, guarantee
that the contracts will be performed. Presently, futures contracts are based
upon such debt securities as long-term U.S. Treasury bonds, Treasury notes,
Government National Mortgage Association modified pass-through mortgage-backed
securities, three-month U.S. Treasury bills and bank certificates of deposit.
In addition, futures contracts are traded in the Moody's Investment Grade
Corporate Bond Index and the Long Term Corporate Bond Index.
Although most futures contracts by their terms call for actual delivery or
acceptance of commodities or securities, in most cases the contracts are closed
out before the settlement date without the making or taking of delivery.
Closing out a short position is effected by purchasing a futures contract for
the same aggregate amount of the specific type of financial instrument or
commodity and the same delivery month. If the price of the initial sale of the
futures contract exceeds the price of the offsetting purchase, the seller is
paid the difference and realizes a gain. Conversely, if the price of the
offsetting purchase exceeds the price of the initial sale, the trader realizes a
loss. Similarly, the closing out of a long position is effected by the
purchaser entering into a futures contract sale. If the offsetting sale price
exceeds the purchase price, the purchaser realizes a gain and, if the purchase
price exceeds the offsetting sale price, the purchaser realizes a loss.
The purchase or sale of a futures contract differs from the purchase or
sale of a security in that no price or premium is paid or received. Instead, an
amount of cash or securities acceptable to the Adviser and the relevant contract
market, which varies but is generally about 5% of the contract amount, must be
deposited with the custodian in the name of the broker. This amount is known as
"initial margin," and represents a "good faith" deposit assuring the performance
of both the purchaser and the seller under the futures contract. Subsequent
payments to and from the broker, known as "variation margin," are required to be
made on a daily
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basis as the price of the futures contract fluctuates, making the long or short
positions in the futures contract more or less valuable, a process known as
"marking to the market." Prior to the settlement date of the futures contract,
the position may be closed out by taking an opposite position which will operate
to terminate the position in the futures contract. A final determination of
variation margin is then made, additional cash is required to be paid to or
released by the broker, and the purchaser realizes a loss or gain. In addition,
a commission is paid on each completed purchase and sale transaction.
The purpose of the acquisition or sale of a futures contract by the Fund,
as the holder of long-term fixed-income securities, is to hedge against
fluctuations in rates on such securities without actually buying or selling
long-term fixed-income securities. For example, if the Fund owns long-term
bonds and interest rates are expected to increase, the Fund might sell futures
contracts. Such a sale would have much the same effect as selling some of the
long-term bonds in the Fund's portfolio. If interest rates increase as
anticipated by the Adviser, the value of certain long-term securities in the
portfolio would decline, but the value of the Fund's futures contracts would
increase at approximately the same rate, thereby keeping the net asset value of
the Fund from declining as much as it otherwise would have. Of course, since
the value of the securities in the Fund's portfolio will far exceed the value of
the futures contracts sold by the Fund, an increase in the value of the futures
contracts could only mitigate--but not totally offset--the decline in the value
of the portfolio.
Similarly, when it is expected that interest rates may decline, futures
contracts could be purchased to hedge against the Fund's anticipated purchases
of long-term fixed-income securities, such as bonds, at higher prices. Since
the rate of fluctuation in the value of futures contracts should be similar to
that of long-term bonds, the Fund could take advantage of the anticipated rise
in the value of long-term bonds without actually buying them until the market
had stabilized. At that time, the futures contracts could be liquidated and the
Fund's cash could then be used to buy long-term bonds on the cash market. The
Fund could accomplish similar results by selling bonds with long maturities and
investing in bonds with short maturities when interest rates are expected to
increase or by buying bonds with long maturities and selling bonds with short
maturities when interest rates are expected to decline. However, in
circumstances when the market for bonds may not be as liquid as that for futures
contracts, the ability to invest in such contracts could enable the Fund to
react more quickly to anticipated changes in market conditions or interest
rates.
OPTIONS ON INTEREST RATE FUTURES CONTRACTS
The Fund may purchase and sell put and call options on interest rate
futures contracts which are traded on a United States exchange or board of trade
as a hedge against changes in interest rates, and will enter into closing
transactions with respect to such options to terminate existing positions. An
interest rate futures contract provides for the future sale by one party and the
purchase by the other party of a
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certain amount of a specific financial instrument (debt security) at a specified
price, date, time and place. An option on an interest rate futures contract, as
contrasted with the direct investment in such a contract, gives the purchaser
the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in an interest
rate futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time prior to the
expiration date of the option. Options on interest rate futures contracts are
similar to options on securities, which give the purchaser the right, in return
for the premium paid, to purchase or sell securities. A call option gives the
purchaser of such option the right to buy, and obliges its writer to sell, a
specified underlying futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time
prior to the expiration date of the option. A purchaser of a put option has the
right to sell, and the writer has the obligation to buy, such contract at the
exercise price during the option period. Upon exercise of an option, the
delivery of the futures position by the writer of the option to the holder of
the option will be accompanied by delivery of the accumulated balance in the
writer's future margin account, which represents the amount by which the market
price of the futures contract exceeds, in the case of a call, or is less than,
in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option on the futures contract.
If an option is exercised on the last trading day prior to the expiration date
of the option, the settlement will be made entirely in cash equal to the
difference between the exercise price of the option and the closing price of the
interest rate futures contract on the expiration date. The Fund will pay a
premium for purchasing options on interest rate futures contracts. Because the
value of the option is fixed at the point of sale, there are no daily cash
payments to reflect changes in the value of the underlying contract; however,
the value of the option does change daily and that change would be reflected in
the net asset value of the Fund. In connection with the writing of options on
interest rate futures contracts, the Fund will make initial margin deposits and
make or receive maintenance margin payments that reflect changes in the market
value of such options. Premiums received from the writing of an option are
included in initial margin deposits.
PURCHASE OF PUT OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. The Fund will purchase put
options on interest rate futures contracts if the Adviser anticipates a rise in
interest rates. Because the value of an interest rate futures contract moves
inversely in relation to changes in interest rates, a put option on such a
contract becomes more valuable as interest rates rise. By purchasing put
options on interest rate futures contracts at a time when the Adviser expects
interest rates to rise, the Fund will seek to realize a profit to offset the
loss in value of its portfolio securities.
PURCHASE OF CALL OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. The Fund will purchase call
options on interest rate futures contracts if the Adviser anticipates a decline
in interest rates. The purchase of a call option on an interest rate futures
contract represents a means of obtaining temporary exposure to market
appreciation at limited risk. Because the value of an interest rate futures
contract moves inversely in relation to changes to interest rates, a call option
on such a contract becomes more valuable as interest rates decline. The Fund
will purchase a call option on an interest rate futures contract to hedge
against a decline in interest rates in a market
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advance when the Fund is holding cash. The Fund can take advantage of the
anticipated rise in the value of long-term securities without actually buying
them until the market is stabilized. At that time, the options can be
liquidated and the Fund's cash can be used to buy long-term securities.
WRITING CALL OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. The Fund will write call
options on interest rate futures contracts if the Adviser anticipates a rise in
interest rates. As interest rates rise, a call option on such a contract
becomes less valuable. If the futures contract price at expiration of the
option is below the exercise price, the option will not be exercised and the
Fund will retain the full amount of the option premium. Such amount provides a
partial hedge against any decline that may have occurred in the Fund's portfolio
securities.
WRITING PUT OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. The Fund will write put options
on interest rate futures contracts if the Adviser anticipates a decline in
interest rates. As interest rates decline, a put option on an interest rate
futures contract becomes less valuable. If the futures contract price at
expiration of the option has risen due to declining interest rates and is above
the exercise price, the option will not be exercised and the Fund will retain
the full amount of the option premium. Such amount can then be used by the Fund
to buy long-term securities when the market has stabilized.
RISKS OF TRANSACTIONS IN FUTURES CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS
HEDGING RISKS IN FUTURES CONTRACTS TRANSACTIONS. There are several risks
in using futures contracts as hedging devices. One risk arises because the
prices of futures contracts may not correlate perfectly with movements in the
underlying fixed-income security due to certain market distortions. First, all
participants in the futures market are subject to initial margin and variation
margin requirements. Rather than making additional variation margin payments,
investors may close the contracts through offsetting transactions which could
distort the normal relationship between the security and the futures market.
Second, the margin requirements in the futures market are lower than margin
requirements in the securities market, and as a result the futures market may
attract more speculators than does the securities market. Increased
participation by speculators in the futures market may also cause temporary
price distortions. Because of possible price distortion in the futures market
and because of imperfect correlation between movements in securities and
movements in the prices of futures contracts, even a correct forecast of general
market trends may not result in a successful hedging transaction over a very
short period. Another risk arises because of imperfect correlation between
movements in the value of the futures contracts and movements in the value of
securities subject to the hedge.
Successful use of futures contracts by the Fund is subject to the ability
of the Adviser to predict correctly movements in the direction of interest
rates. If a Fund has hedged against the possibility of an increase in interest
rates adversely affecting
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the value of fixed-income securities held in its portfolio and interest rates
decrease instead, the Fund will lose part or all of the benefit of the increased
value of its security which it has hedged because it will have offsetting losses
in its futures positions. In addition, in such situations, if the Fund has
insufficient cash, it may have to sell securities to meet daily variation margin
requirements. Such sales of securities may, but will not necessarily, be at
increased prices which reflect the decline in interest rates. The Fund may have
to sell securities at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so.
LIQUIDITY OF FUTURES CONTRACTS. The Fund may elect to close some or all of
its contracts prior to expiration. The purpose of making such a move would be
to reduce or eliminate the hedge position held by the Fund. The Fund may close
its positions by taking opposite positions. Final determinations of variation
margin are then made, additional cash as required is paid by or to the Fund, and
the Fund realizes a loss or a gain.
Positions in futures contracts may be closed only on an exchange or board
of trade providing a secondary market for such futures contracts. Although the
Fund intend to enter into futures contracts only on exchanges or boards of trade
where there appears to be an active secondary market, there is no assurance that
a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular contract at any
particular time.
In addition, most domestic futures exchanges and boards of trade limit the
amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single
trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a
futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day's settlement
price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in
a particular contract, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond that
limit. The daily limit governs only price movement during a particular trading
day and therefore does not limit potential losses because the limit may prevent
the liquidation of unfavorable positions. It is possible that futures contract
prices could move to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with
little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions
and subjecting some futures traders to substantial losses. In such event, it
will not be possible to close a futures position and, in the event of adverse
price movements, the Fund would be required to make daily cash payments of
variation margin. In such circumstances, an increase in the value of the
portion of the portfolio being hedged, if any, may partially or completely
offset losses on the futures contract. However, as described above, there is no
guarantee that the price of the securities being hedged will, in fact, correlate
with the price movements in the futures contract and thus provide an offset to
losses on a futures contract.
RISKS OF OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. The use of options on futures
contracts also involves additional risk. Compared to the purchase or sale of
futures contracts, the purchase of call or put options on futures contracts
involves less potential risk to the Fund because the maximum amount at risk is
the premium
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paid for the options (plus transactions costs). The writing of a call option on
a futures contract generates a premium which may partially offset a decline in
the value of the Fund's portfolio assets. By writing a call option, the Fund
becomes obligated to sell a futures contract, which may have a value higher than
the exercise price. Conversely, the writing of a put option on a futures
contract generates a premium, but the Fund becomes obligated to purchase a
futures contract, which may have a value lower than the exercise price. Thus,
the loss incurred by the Fund in writing options on futures contracts may exceed
the amount of the premium received.
The effective use of options strategies is dependent, among other things,
on the Fund's ability to terminate options positions at a time when the Adviser
deems it desirable to do so. Although the Fund will enter into option positions
only if the Adviser believes that a liquid secondary market exists for such
options, there is no assurance that the Fund will be able to effect closing
transactions at any particular time or at an acceptable price. The Fund's
transactions involving options on futures contracts will be conducted only on
recognized exchanges. The Fund's purchase or sale of put or call options on
futures contracts will be based upon predictions as to anticipated interest
rates by the Adviser, which could prove to be inaccurate. Even if the
expectations of the Adviser are correct, there may be an imperfect correlation
between the change in the value of the options and of the Fund's portfolio
securities.
REGULATORY MATTERS
To the extent required to comply with applicable Securities and Exchange
Commission releases and staff positions, when entering into futures contracts,
the Fund will maintain, in a segregated account, cash or liquid high-grade debt
securities equal to the value of such contracts.
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the "CFTC"), a federal agency,
regulates trading activity on the exchanges pursuant to the Commodity Exchange
Act, as amended. The CFTC requires the registration of "commodity pool
operators," defined as any person engaged in a business which is of the nature
of an Company, syndicate or a similar form of enterprise, and who, in connection
therewith, solicits, accepts or receives from others, funds, securities or
property for the purpose of trading in any commodity for future delivery on or
subject to the rules of any contract market. The CFTC has adopted Rule 4.5,
which provides an exclusion from the definition of commodity pool operator for
any registered investment company which meets the requirements of the Rule.
Rule 4.5 requires, among other things, that an investment company wishing to
avoid commodity pool operator status use futures and options positions only (a)
for "bona fide hedging purposes" (as defined in CFTC regulations) or (b) for
other purposes so long as aggregate initial margins and premiums required in
connection with non-hedging positions do not exceed 5% of the liquidation value
of the investment company's portfolio. Any investment company wishing to claim
the exclusion
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provided in Rule 4.5 must file a notice of eligibility with both the CFTC and
the National Futures Association. Before engaging in transactions involving
interest rate futures contracts, the Fund will file such notices and meet the
requirements of Rule 4.5, or such other requirements as the CFTC or its staff
may from time to time issue, in order to render registration as a commodity pool
operator unnecessary.
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PART B
NATIONAL TAX-EXEMPT FUND
MINNESOTA TAX-EXEMPT FUND
Series of Piper Funds Inc.
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
November __, 1997
Table of Contents
Page
----
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Characteristics and Risks of Securities and Special
Investment Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investment Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Directors and Executive Officers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investment Advisory and Other Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Portfolio Transactions and Allocation of Brokerage . . . . . . . . .
Capital Stock and Ownership of Shares. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net Asset Value and Public Offering Price. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Performance Comparisons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of Shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Redemption of Shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Taxation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pending Litigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Appendix A - Ratings of Tax-Exempt Securities and
Commercial Paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Appendix B - Futures Contracts and Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
This Statement of Additional Information is not a prospectus. This
Statement of Additional Information relates to two Prospectuses. One
Prospectus, dated November __, 1997, relates to National Tax-Exempt Fund and
the Class A shares of Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund. The other Prospectus, dated
July 31, 1997, relates to the Class Y shares of Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund.
This Statement of Additional Information should be read in conjunction with
the applicable Prospectus. Copies of these Prospectuses may be obtained from
the Funds at Piper Jaffray Tower, 222 South Ninth Street, Minneapolis,
Minnesota 55402-3804.
<PAGE>
INTRODUCTION
The shares of Piper Funds Inc. (the "Company") are currently offered in
twelve series. This Statement of Additional Information relates to two of those
series, National Tax-Exempt Fund ("National Fund") and Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund
("Minnesota Fund") (sometimes referred to herein as a "Fund" or, collectively,
as the "Funds").
CHARACTERISTICS AND RISKS OF SECURITIES
AND SPECIAL INVESTMENT METHODS
The types of securities and investment techniques used by the Funds are
described in the Funds' Prospectuses. Additional information about certain of
these securities and investment techniques is set forth below.
MUNICIPAL SECURITIES
Municipal securities include debt obligations issued by states, cities,
local authorities, and possessions and certain territories of the United States,
to obtain funds for various public purposes, including the construction of such
public facilities as airports, bridges, highways, housing, hospitals, mass
transportation, schools, streets, and water and sewer works. Other public
purposes for which municipal securities may be issued include the refinancing of
other outstanding municipal securities and the obtaining of funds for general
operating expenses and for loans to other public institutions and facilities.
In addition, certain industrial development, private activity and pollution
control bonds may be included within the term "municipal securities" if the
interest paid thereon qualifies as exempt from federal income tax. Municipal
securities include long-term obligations, often called municipal bonds, as well
as short-term municipal notes and tax-exempt commercial paper. As noted in the
Prospectuses, however, the Funds intend to emphasize investments in municipal
securities with long-term maturities.
The two principal classifications of municipal bonds are "general
obligation" and "revenue" bonds. General obligation bonds are secured by the
issuer's pledge of its full faith, credit and taxing power for the payment of
principal and interest. Revenue bonds are payable only from the revenues
derived from a particular facility or class of facilities or, in some cases,
from the proceeds of a special excise tax or other specific revenue source.
Industrial development, private activity and pollution control bonds are in most
cases revenue bonds and do not generally constitute the pledge of the credit or
taxing power of the issuer of such bonds. There are, of course, variations in
the security of municipal securities, both within a particular classification
and between classifications, depending on numerous factors.
Certain municipal securities may carry variable or floating rates of
interest whereby the rate of interest is not fixed but varies with changes in
specified market rates or indexes, such as a bank prime rate or a tax-exempt
money market index.
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Accordingly, the yield on such securities can be expected to fluctuate with
changes in prevailing interest rates.
Other municipal securities are zero coupon securities, which are debt
obligations which do not entitle the holder to any periodic payments prior to
maturity and are issued and traded at a discount from their face amounts. The
discount varies depending on the time remaining until maturity, prevailing
interest rates, liquidity of the security and perceived credit quality of the
issuer. The market prices of zero coupon securities are generally more volatile
than the market prices of securities that pay interest periodically and are
likely to respond to changes in interest rates to a greater degree than do
securities having similar maturities and credit quality that do pay periodic
interest.
DERIVATIVE MUNICIPAL SECURITIES. Each Fund may also acquire derivative
municipal securities, which are custodial receipts or certificates
underwritten by securities dealers or banks that evidence ownership of future
interest payments, principal payments or both on certain municipal securities.
The underwriter of these certificates or receipts typically purchases municipal
securities and deposits them in an irrevocable trust or custodial account
with a custodian bank, which then issues receipts or certificates that
evidence ownership of the periodic unmatured coupon payments and the final
principal payment on the obligations. Although under the terms of a
custodial receipt a Fund typically would be authorized to assert its rights
directly against the issuer of the underlying obligation, the Fund could be
required to assert through the custodian bank those rights as may exist
against the underlying issuer. Thus, in the event the underlying issuer
fails to pay principal and/or interest when due, a Fund may be subject to
delays, expenses and risks that are greater than those that would have been
involved if the Fund had purchased a direct obligation of the issuer. In
addition, in the event the trust or custodial account in which the underlying
security has been deposited is determined to be an association taxable as a
corporation, instead of a non-taxable entity, it would be subject to state
income tax (but not federal income tax) on the income it earned on the
underlying security, and the yield on the security paid to the Fund and its
shareholders would be reduced by the amount of taxes paid. Furthermore,
amounts paid by the trust or custodial account to a Fund would lose their
tax-exempt character and become taxable, for federal and state purposes, in
the hands of the Fund and its shareholders. However, custodial receipts in
which the Funds will invest will be accompanied by a tax opinion stating that
interest payable on the receipts is tax exempt. If a Fund invests in
custodial receipts, it is possible that a portion of the discount at which
the Fund purchases the receipts might have to be accrued as taxable income
during the period that the Fund holds the receipts. See "Taxation."
The principal and interest payments on the municipal securities underlying
custodial receipts may be allocated in a number of ways. For example, payments
may be allocated such that certain custodial receipts may have variable or
floating interest rates and others may be stripped securities which pay only the
principal or
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interest due on the underlying municipal securities. The Funds currently do not
invest in "interest only" or "principal only" custodial receipts. The Funds may
invest in floating rate custodial receipts without limitation. Each Fund may
also invest up to 20% of its total assets in custodial receipts which are
"inverse floating obligations" (also sometimes referred to as "residual interest
bonds"). These securities pay interest rates that vary inversely to changes in
the interest rates of specified short-term municipal securities or an index of
short-term municipal securities. The interest rates on inverse floating
obligations will typically decline as short-term tax-exempt market interest
rates increase and increase as short-term tax-exempt market rates decline. Such
securities have the effect of providing a degree of investment leverage, since
the interest rates on such securities will generally change at a rate which is a
multiple (typically two) of the change in the interest rates of the specified
short-term municipal securities or index. As a result, the market values of
inverse floating obligations will generally be more volatile than the market
values of fixed-rate municipal securities and investments in these types of
obligations will increase the volatility of the net asset value of shares of the
Funds.
MUNICIPAL LEASE OBLIGATIONS. Also included within the general category of
"municipal securities" are lease obligations or installment purchase contract
obligations and participations therein issued by tax-exempt issuers such as
state and local governments and their agencies and instrumentalities to finance
the acquisition of equipment and facilities (hereinafter collectively called
"municipal lease obligations"). Each Fund may invest up to 20% of the value of
its net assets in municipal lease obligations. Although municipal lease
obligations do not constitute general obligations of the issuer for which such
issuer's taxing power is pledged, a municipal lease obligation is ordinarily
backed by the issuer's covenant to budget for, appropriate and make the
payments due under the obligation. However, certain municipal lease
obligations contain "non-appropriation" clauses which provide that the issuer
has no obligation to make lease or installment purchase payments in future
years unless money is appropriated for such purpose on a yearly basis. In the
case of a "non-appropriation" lease, the Fund's ability to recover under the
lease in the event of non-appropriation or default will be limited solely to
the repossession of the leased property, without recourse to the general credit
of the lessee, and disposition of the property in the event of foreclosure
might prove difficult. In determining municipal lease obligations in which the
Funds will invest, the Adviser will carefully evaluate the outstanding credit
rating of the issuer (and the probable secondary market acceptance of such
credit rating). Additionally, the Adviser may require that certain municipal
lease obligations be issued or backed by a letter of credit or put arrangement
with an independent financial institution.
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING INVESTMENTS IN MINNESOTA MUNICIPAL SECURITIES
Minnesota Fund is particularly susceptible to political, economic or
regulatory factors affecting issuers of Minnesota municipal securities. The
following information provides only a brief summary of the complex factors
affecting the financial situation in Minnesota. This information is derived
from sources that are
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<PAGE>
generally available to investors and is based in part on information obtained
from various state and local agencies in Minnesota. It should be noted that the
creditworthiness of obligations issued by local Minnesota issuers may be
unrelated to the creditworthiness of obligations issued by the State of
Minnesota, and that there is no obligation on the part of the state to make
payment on such local obligations in the event of default.
Minnesota's constitutionally prescribed fiscal period is a biennium, and
Minnesota operates on a biennial budget basis. Legislative appropriations for
each biennium are prepared and adopted during the final legislative session of
the immediately preceding biennium. Prior to each fiscal year of a biennium,
the state's Department of Finance allots a portion of the applicable biennial
appropriation to each agency or other entity for which an appropriation has been
made. An agency or other entity may not expend moneys in excess of its
allotment. If revenues are insufficient to balance total available resources
and expenditures, the state's Commissioner of Finance, with the approval of the
Governor, is required to reduce allotments to the extent necessary to balance
expenditures and forecasted available resources for the then current biennium.
The Governor may prefer legislative action when a large reduction in
expenditures appears necessary, and if the state's legislature is not in session
the Governor is empowered to convene a special session.
Diversity and a significant natural resource base are two important
characteristics of the Minnesota economy. Generally, the structure of the
state's economy parallels the structure of the United States economy as a
whole. There are, however, employment concentrations in durable goods and
non-durable goods manufacturing, particularly industrial machinery, instruments
and miscellaneous, food, paper and related industries, and printing and
publishing. During the period from 1980 to 1990, overall employment growth in
Minnesota lagged behind national employment growth, in large part due to
declining agricultural employment. The rate of non-farm employment growth in
Minnesota exceeded the rate of national growth, however, in the period of 1990
to 1996. Job growth in Minnesota is expected to lag the national averages in
1997, due to widespread labor shortages. Minnesota continues to have one of
the lowest unemployment rates in the nation. Since 1980, Minnesota per-capita
income generally had remained above the national average.
The state relies heavily on a progressive individual income tax and a
retail sales tax for revenue, which results in a fiscal system that is sensitive
to economic conditions. Frequently in recent years, legislation has been
required to eliminate projected budget deficits by raising additional revenue,
reducing expenditures, including aids to political subdivisions and higher
education, reducing the state's budget reserve, imposing a sales tax on
purchases by local governmental units, and making other budgetary adjustments.
The Minnesota Department of Finance June 1997 Estimates project that, under
current laws, the state will complete its current biennium June 30, 1999 with a
$32 million surplus, plus a $350 million cash flow account balance and a $522
million budget reserve. Total General Fund
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<PAGE>
expenditures and transfers for the biennium are projected to be $20.9 billion.
The state is a party to a variety of civil actions that could adversely affect
the state's General Fund. In addition, substantial portions of state and local
revenues are derived from federal expenditures, and reductions in federal aid to
the state and its political subdivisions and other federal spending cuts may
have substantial adverse effects on the economic and fiscal condition of the
state and its local governmental units. Risks are inherent in making revenue
and expenditure forecasts. Economic or fiscal conditions less favorable than
those reflected in state budget forecasts and planning estimates may create
additional budgetary pressures.
State grants and aids represent a large percentage of the total revenues of
cities, towns, counties and school districts in Minnesota. Even with respect to
bonds that are revenue obligations of the issuer and not general obligations of
the state, there can be no assurance that the fiscal problems referred to above
will not adversely affect the market value or marketability of the bonds or the
ability of the respective obligors to pay interest on and principal of the
bonds.
There can be no assurance that Minnesota's economy and fiscal condition
will not materially change in the future or that future difficulties will not
occur. Economic difficulties and the resultant impact on State and local
government finances may adversely affect the market value of obligations in the
portfolio of Minnesota Fund or the ability of respective obligors to make timely
payment of the principal and interest on such obligations.
Both possible future changes in federal and state income tax laws,
including rate reductions, and recent Minnesota tax legislation could adversely
affect the value and marketability of Minnesota municipal bonds that are held by
the Fund. See "Taxation" below.
FUTURES CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS
The Funds may purchase and sell municipal bond index futures contracts and
interest rate futures contracts. The futures contracts in which the Funds may
invest have been developed by and are traded on national commodity exchanges.
Municipal bond index futures contracts are based upon The Bond Buyer Municipal
Bond Index, an index comprised of tax-exempt bonds rated A- or higher by
Standard & Poor's or A or higher by Moody's, with remaining maturities of 19
years or more. A buyer entering into a municipal bond index futures contract
will, on a specified future date, pay or receive a final cash payment equal to
the difference between the actual value of the index on the last day of the
contract and the value of the index established by the contract. An interest
rate futures contract is an agreement to purchase or sell an agreed upon amount
of debt securities at a set price for delivery on a future date.
The purpose of the acquisition or sale of a futures contract by a Fund is
to hedge against fluctuations in the value of its portfolio without actually
buying or
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<PAGE>
selling securities. For example, if interest rates are expected to increase, a
Fund might sell futures contracts. If interest rates did increase, the value of
the securities in the Fund's portfolio would decline, but the value of the
Fund's futures contracts would increase at approximately the same rate, thereby
keeping the net asset value of the Fund from declining as much as it otherwise
would have. If, on the other hand, the Fund held cash reserves and short-term
investments pending anticipated investment in long-term obligations and interest
rates were expected to decline, the Fund might purchase interest rate or
municipal bond index futures contracts. Since the behavior of such contracts
would generally be similar to that of long-term securities, the Fund could take
advantage of the anticipated rise in the value of long-term securities without
actually buying them until the market had stabilized. At that time, the Fund
could accept delivery under the futures contracts or the futures contracts could
be liquidated and the Fund's reserves could then be used to buy long-term
securities in the cash market. The Funds will engage in such transactions only
for hedging purposes, on either an asset-based or a liability-based basis, in
each case in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Commodity Futures
Trading Commission. See Appendix B to this Statement of Additional Information.
The Funds may purchase and sell put and call options on futures contracts
and enter into closing transactions with respect to such options to terminate
existing positions. The Funds may use such options on futures contracts in
connection with their hedging strategies in lieu of purchasing and writing
options directly on the underlying securities or purchasing and selling the
underlying futures contracts.
There are risks in using futures contracts and options on futures contracts
as hedging devices. The primary risks associated with the use of futures
contracts and options thereon are (a) the prices of futures contracts and
options may not correlate perfectly with the market value of the securities
subject to the hedge and (b) the possible lack of a liquid secondary market for
a futures contract and the resulting inability to close a futures position prior
to its maturity date. With respect to municipal bond index futures contracts,
the degree of correlation will depend, among other things, upon the differences
between the municipal securities being hedged and the municipal securities
underlying the municipal bond index futures contract. The risk that a Fund will
be unable to close out a futures position will be minimized by entering into
such transactions on a national exchange with an active and liquid secondary
market.
Additional information with respect to interest rate futures contracts,
together with information regarding options on such contracts, is set forth in
Appendix B to this Statement of Additional Information.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
Each Fund may enter into repurchase agreements. A repurchase agreement
involves the purchase by a Fund of securities with the condition that after a
stated period of time the original seller (a member bank of the Federal Reserve
System or a
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recognized securities dealer) will buy back the same securities ("collateral")
at a predetermined price or yield. Repurchase agreements involve certain risks
not associated with direct investments in securities. In the event the original
seller defaults on its obligation to repurchase, as a result of its bankruptcy
or otherwise, the Fund will seek to sell the collateral, which action could
involve costs or delays. In such case, the Fund's ability to dispose of the
collateral to recover such investment may be restricted or delayed. To the
extent proceeds from the sale of collateral were less than the repurchase price,
a Fund would suffer a loss. Repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven
days are considered illiquid and subject to each Fund's restriction on investing
in illiquid securities.
The Funds' custodian will hold the securities underlying any repurchase
agreement or such securities will be part of the Federal Reserve Book Entry
System. The market value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement
will be determined on each business day. If at any time the market value of the
collateral falls below the repurchase price of the repurchase agreement
(including any accrued interest), the respective Fund will promptly receive
additional collateral (so the total collateral is an amount at least equal to
the repurchase price plus accrued interest).
The Funds have received from the Securities and Exchange Commission an
exemptive order permitting the Funds, along with the other series of the
Company, closed-end and other open-end investment companies currently managed by
Piper Capital Management Incorporated (the "Adviser"), and all future series of
the Company and all future investment companies advised by the Adviser or its
affiliates, to deposit uninvested cash balances into a large single joint
account to be used to enter into one or more large repurchase agreements.
REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
The Funds may engage in reverse repurchase agreements with banks and
securities dealers. Reverse repurchase agreements are ordinary repurchase
agreements in which the Fund is the seller of, rather than the investor in,
securities and agrees to repurchase them at an agreed upon time and price. Use
of a reverse repurchase agreement may be preferable to a regular sale and later
repurchase of the securities because it avoids certain market risks and
transaction costs. Because certain of the incidents of ownership of the
security are retained by the Fund, reverse repurchase agreements are considered
a form of borrowing by the Fund from the buyer, collateralized by the security.
At the time the Fund enters into a reverse repurchase agreement, cash or liquid
securities having a value sufficient to make payments for the securities to be
repurchased will be segregated, and will be maintained throughout the period of
the obligation. Reverse repurchase agreements may be used as a means of
borrowing for investment purposes. This speculative technique is referred to as
leveraging. Leveraging may exaggerate the effect on net asset value of any
increase or decrease in the market value of a Fund's portfolio. Money borrowed
for leveraging will be subject to interests costs which may not be deductible
for tax purposes and which could possible exceed interest
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income earned by the Fund on the investment of such borrowed money. No more
than 25% of the total assets of either Fund will at any time be subject to
reverse repurchase agreements.
WHEN-ISSUED SECURITIES
Each Fund may purchase and sell municipal securities on a when-issued or
delayed delivery basis. When-issued and delayed delivery transactions arise
when securities are purchased or sold with payment and delivery beyond the
regular settlement date. (When-issued transactions normally settle within
30-45 days.) On such transactions the payment obligations and the interest
rate are fixed at the time the buyer enters into the commitment. Pending
delivery of the securities, each Fund maintains in a segregated account cash or
liquid securities in an amount sufficient to meet its purchase commitments.
The commitment to purchase securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery
basis involves an element of risk because the value of the securities is
subject to market fluctuation. No interest accrues to the purchaser prior to
the settlement of the transaction and at the time of delivery the market value
of the securities may be less than cost. Purchasing securities on a
when-issued or delayed delivery basis involves the additional risk that the
return available in the market when the delivery takes place will be higher
than that obtained in the transaction itself. These risks could result in
increased volatility of a Fund's net asset value to the extent the Fund
purchases securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis while remaining
substantially fully invested. Although the Funds will only make commitments to
purchase such obligations with the intention of actually acquiring the
securities, the Funds may each sell these securities before the settlement
date. If a Fund sells a when-issued or delayed delivery security before the
settlement date, any gain or loss would not be exempt from federal or Minnesota
income tax. For purposes of the Funds' investment policies, the purchase of
securities with a settlement date occurring on the Public Securities
Association approved settlement date is considered a normal delivery and not a
when-issued or delayed delivery purchase.
PUTS
To help assure appropriate liquidity, each Fund may acquire municipal
securities which provide for the right to resell them to the issuer, a bank or a
broker-dealer at a specified price within a specified period of time prior to
the maturity date of such obligation. Such a right to resell, which is commonly
known as a "put," may be sold, transferred or assigned only with the underlying
security or securities. Each Fund may pay a higher price for a municipal
security with a put than would be paid for the same security without a put. The
primary purpose of purchasing municipal securities with puts is to permit each
Fund to be as fully invested as practicable in municipal securities while at the
same time providing the Fund with appropriate liquidity. If an issuer, bank or
broker-dealer should default on its obligation to repurchase a security, a Fund
might be unable to recover all or a portion of any loss sustained from having to
sell the security elsewhere.
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DIVERSIFICATION
Although Minnesota Fund is characterized as a nondiversified fund under the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act"), the Fund must meet
certain diversification requirements in order to qualify as a regulated
investment company for federal income tax purposes. To so qualify, the Fund
must diversify its holdings so that, at the close of each quarter of its
taxable year, (a) at least 50% of the value of its total assets consists of
cash, cash items, securities issued by the U.S. government, its agencies and
instrumentalities, the securities of other regulated investment companies, and
other securities limited generally with respect to any one issuer to not more
than 5% of the total assets of the Fund and not more than 10% of the
outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (b) not more than 25% of the
value of its total assets is invested in the securities of any issuer (other
than securities issued by the U.S. government, its agencies or
instrumentalities or the securities of other regulated investment companies),
or in two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are engaged in the
same or similar trades or businesses.
ILLIQUID SECURITIES
As nonfundamental investment restrictions that may be changed at any time
without shareholder approval, neither Fund will invest more than 15% of its net
assets in illiquid securities. A security is considered illiquid if it cannot
be sold in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately
the price at which it is valued. Illiquid securities may offer a higher yield
than securities which are more readily marketable, but they may not always be
marketable on advantageous terms.
The sale of illiquid securities often requires more time and results in
higher brokerage charges or dealer discounts and other selling expenses than
does the sale of securities eligible for trading on national securities
exchanges or in the over-the-counter markets. A Fund may be restricted in its
ability to sell such securities at a time when the Adviser deems it advisable to
do so. In addition, in order to meet redemption requests, a Fund may have to
sell other assets, rather than such illiquid securities, at a time which is not
advantageous.
"Restricted securities" are securities which were originally sold in
private placements and which have not been registered under the Securities Act
of 1933 (the "1933 Act"). Such securities generally have been considered
illiquid, since they may be resold only subject to statutory restrictions and
delays or if registered under the 1933 Act. In 1990, however, the SEC adopted
Rule 144A under the 1933 Act, which provides a safe harbor exemption from the
registration requirements of the 1933 Act for resales of restricted securities
to "qualified institutional buyers," as defined in the rule. The result of this
rule has been the development of a more liquid and efficient institutional
resale market for restricted securities. Thus, restricted securities are no
longer necessarily illiquid. The Funds may therefore invest in Rule 144A
securities
-10-
<PAGE>
and treat them as liquid when they have been determined to be liquid by the
Board of Directors of the Company or by the Adviser subject to the oversight of
and pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board of Directors. Under these
procedures, factors taken into account in determining the liquidity of a
security include (a) the frequency of trades and quotes for the security; (b)
the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the security and the number
of other potential purchasers; (c) dealer undertakings to make a market in the
security; and (d) the nature of the security and the nature of the marketplace
trades (e.g., the time needed to dispose of the security, the method of
soliciting offers and the mechanics of transfer). Similar determinations may
be made with respect to commercial paper issued in reliance on the so-called
"private placement" exemption from registration under Section 4(2) of the 1933
Act and with respect to municipal lease obligations.
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
Portfolio turnover is the ratio of the lesser of annual purchases or sales
of portfolio securities to the average monthly value of portfolio securities,
not including securities maturing in less than 12 months. A 100% portfolio
turnover rate would occur, for example, if the lesser of the value of purchases
or sales of portfolio securities for a particular year were equal to the average
monthly value of the portfolio securities owned during such year.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
In addition to the investment objectives and policies set forth in the
Prospectuses, each Fund is subject to certain fundamental and nonfundamental
investment restrictions, as set forth below. Fundamental investment
restrictions may not be changed without the vote of a majority of a Fund's
outstanding shares. "Majority," as used in this Statement of Additional
Information, means the lesser of (a) 67% of a Fund's outstanding shares present
at a meeting of the holders if more than 50% of the outstanding shares are
present in person or by proxy or (b) more than 50% of a Fund's outstanding
shares.
As fundamental investment restrictions, neither Fund will:
(1) Issue any senior securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) other than as
set forth in restriction #2 below and except to the extent that using options
and futures contracts or purchasing or selling securities on a when-issued or
delayed delivery basis may be deemed to constitute issuing a senior security.
(2) Borrow money (provided that each Fund may enter into reverse
repurchase agreements) except from banks for temporary or emergency purposes.
Each Fund may borrow money in an amount up to 10% of the value of its total
assets. With respect to each Fund, interest paid on borrowed funds will
decrease the net earnings of the Fund. Neither Fund will purchase portfolio
securities while outstanding borrowing exceeds 5% of the value of such Fund's
total assets. Neither
-11-
<PAGE>
Fund will borrow money for leverage purposes (provided that each Fund may enter
into reverse repurchase agreements for such purposes).
(3) Mortgage, pledge or hypothecate its assets except in an amount not
exceeding 10% of the value of its total assets to secure temporary or emergency
borrowing. For purposes of this restriction, collateral arrangements for margin
deposits on futures contracts or with respect to the writing of options are not
deemed to be a pledge of assets.
(4) Purchase or sell commodities or commodities futures contracts,
provided that each of the Funds may enter into financial futures contracts and
engage in related options transactions.
(5) Purchase or sell real estate or real estate mortgage loans, except
that the Funds may invest in municipal securities secured by real estate or
interests therein.
(6) Act as an underwriter of securities of other issuers, except insofar
as each Fund may be technically deemed an underwriter under the federal
securities laws in connection with the disposition of portfolio securities.
As nonfundamental investment restrictions that may be changed at any time
without shareholder approval, neither Fund will:
(1) Make short sales of securities, provided that each Fund for hedging
purposes may enter into financial futures contracts and engage in related
options transactions.
(2) Purchase any securities on margin except to obtain such short-term
credits as may be necessary for the clearance of transactions and except that
the Funds may make margin deposits in connection with futures contracts.
(3) Invest more than 15% of the value of its net assets in illiquid
securities.
(4) Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in foreign
securities.
(5) Invest in warrants.
The identification of the issuer of a municipal security depends on the
terms and conditions of the obligation. If the assets and revenues of an
agency, authority, instrumentality or other political subdivision are separate
from those of the government creating the subdivision, and the obligation is
backed only by the assets and revenues of the subdivision, such subdivision will
be regarded as the sole issuer. Similarly, in the case of a nongovernmental
user, such as an industrial corporation or a privately owned or operated
hospital, if the security is backed only by the assets and revenues of the
nongovernmental user then such non-governmental user will be deemed to be the
sole issuer. If in either case the creating
-12-
<PAGE>
government or another entity guarantees an obligation, and the value of all
securities issued or guaranteed by the guarantor and owned by a Fund exceeds 10%
of the value of such Fund's total assets, the guarantee will be regarded as a
separate security and treated as an issue of such government or entity.
Any investment restriction or limitation referred to above or in the
Prospectus, except the borrowing policy, which involves a maximum percentage of
securities or assets shall not be considered to be violated unless an excess
over the percentage occurs immediately after an acquisition of securities or
utilization of assets and such excess results therefrom.
DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The directors and officers of the Company and their principal occupations
during the past five years are set forth below. Unless otherwise indicated, all
positions have been held for more than five years. The Company's directors and
officers also serves as directors or officers of various closed-end and open-end
investment companies managed by the Adviser.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Name, Address and (Age) Position with the Company
----------------------- -------------------------
<S> <C>
William H. Ellis* (54) Chairman of the Board of Directors
Piper Jaffray Tower
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
David T. Bennett (56) Director
3400 City Center
33 South Sixth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
Jaye F. Dyer (69) Director
4670 Norwest Center
90 South Seventh Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
Karol D. Emmerich (47) Director
7302 Claredon Drive
Edina, Minnesota 55439
Luella G. Goldberg (59) Director
7019 Tupa Drive
Edina, Minnesota 55435
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<PAGE>
David A. Hughey (65) Director
134 Powers Road
Meredith, NH 03253
George Latimer (61) Director
754 Linwood Avenue
St. Paul, MN 55105
Paul A. Dow (45) President
Piper Jaffray Tower
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
Robert H. Nelson (33) Vice President
Piper Jaffray Tower and Treasurer
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
Susan S. Miley (39) Secretary
Piper Jaffray Tower
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
</TABLE>
- ----------------
* Directors of the Company who are interested persons (as that term is
defined by the 1940 Act) of Piper Capital Management Incorporated and the
Funds.
William H. Ellis is President of Piper Jaffray Companies Inc.; Director and
Chairman of the Board of Piper Capital Management Incorporated ("the Adviser");
President of the Adviser since 1994; Director of Piper Jaffray Inc..
David T. Bennett is of counsel to the law firm of Gray, Plant, Mooty, Mooty
& Bennett, P.A., located in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Mr. Bennett is chairman of
a group of privately held companies and serves on the board of directors of a
number of nonprofit organizations.
Jaye F. Dyer has been President of Dyer Management Company, a private
management company, since 1991. Mr. Dyer serves on the board of directors of
various privately held and nonprofit corporations.
Karol D. Emmerich has been President of The Paraclete Group, a consultant
to nonprofit organizations, since 1993. Prior to that she was Vice President,
Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer of Dayton Hudson Corporation from 1980 to
1993. Ms. Emmerich is an Executive Fellow at the University of St. Thomas
Graduate School of Business and serves on the board of directors of a number of
privately held and nonprofit organizations.
-14-
<PAGE>
Luella G. Goldberg serves on the board of directors of Northwestern
National Life Insurance Company (since 1976), The ReliaStar Financial Corp.
(since 1989), TCF Bank Savings fsb (since 1985), TCF Financial Corporation
(since 1988), and Hormel Foods Corp. (since 1993). Ms. Goldberg also serves
as a Trustee of Wellesley College, and as a director of a number of other
organizations, including the University of Minnesota Foundation and the
Minnesota Orchestral Association. Ms. Goldberg was Chairman of the Board of
Trustees of Wellesley College from 1985 to 1993 and acting President from
July 1, 1993 to October 1, 1993.
David A. Hughey is a Trustee of Bentley College. Prior to September 1996,
he was Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer of Dean Witter
InterCapital Inc., Dean Witter Services Company Inc. and Dean Witter
Distributors Inc.; Director, Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative
Officer of Dean Witter Trust Company; Vice President of Dean Witter Family of
Funds and TCW/DW Family of Funds; and Director of ICI Mutual Insurance Company.
George Latimer has been Chief Executive Officer of National Equity Fund,
Chicago, Illinois since November 1995; prior thereto, Mr. Latimer was Director,
Special Actions Office, Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban
Development since 1993, and prior thereto he had been Dean of Hamline Law
School, Saint Paul, Minnesota from 1990 to 1993. Mr. Latimer also serves on the
board of directors of Digital Biometrics, Inc. and Payless Cashways, Inc.
Paul A. Dow is Chief Investment Officer and Senior Vice President of the
Adviser.
Robert H. Nelson has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since
1993; prior thereto he had been a Vice President of the Adviser from 1991 to
1993.
Susan S. Miley has been Senior Vice President and General Counsel of the
Adviser since 1995 and Secretary of the Adviser since 1996; prior thereto she
was counsel for American Express Financial Advisors, Minneapolis, Minnesota from
1994 to 1995 and an attorney at Simpson Thatcher & Bartlett, New York, New York
from 1984 to 1992.
Ms. Emmerich, Ms. Goldberg and Mr. Hughey are members of the Audit
Committee of the Board of Directors. Ms. Emmerich acts as the chairperson of
such committee. The Audit Committee oversees the Company's financial reporting
process, reviews audit results and recommends annually to the Company a firm of
independent certified public accountants.
The Board of Directors also has a Committee of the Independent Directors,
consisting of Mr. Bennett, who serves as chairperson, Messrs. Dyer, Hughey and
Latimer, Ms. Emmerich and Ms. Goldberg, and a Derivatives Subcommittee
consisting of Ms. Emmerich, who serves as chairperson, Ms. Goldberg and Mr.
Dyer.
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<PAGE>
The functions of the Committee of the Independent Directors are: (a)
recommendation to the full Board of approval of any management, advisory,
sub-advisory and/or administration agreements; (b) recommendation to the full
Board of approval of any underwriting and/or distribution agreements; (c)
review of the fidelity bond and premium allocation; (d) review of errors and
omissions and any other joint insurance policies and premium allocation; (e)
review of, and monitoring of compliance with, procedures adopted pursuant to
certain rules promulgated under the 1940 Act; and (f) such other duties as the
independent directors shall, from time to time, conclude are necessary or
appropriate to carry out their duties under the 1940 Act. The functions of the
Derivatives Subcommittee are: (a) to oversee practices, policies and procedures
of the Adviser in connection with the use of derivatives; (b) to receive
periodic reports from management; and (c) to report periodically to the
Committee of the Independent Directors and the Board of Directors.
The directors of the Company who are officers or employees of the Adviser
or of its affiliates receive no remuneration from the Company. Each of the
other directors currently receives a quarterly retainer of $3,625 that is
allocated among the Funds and all other open-end funds managed by the Adviser on
the basis of the total assets of each such fund. In addition, each director
receives a fee from the Company for each regular quarterly and in-person special
meeting of the Board of Directors attended. (The per-meeting fee is based on
the combined total assets of the Company and Piper Institutional Funds Inc.)
The per-meeting fee is based upon asset size and is $250 if assets are under
$200 million, $500 if assets are $200 million and over but less than $500
million, $750 if asses are $500 million and over but less than $1 billion,
$1,000 if assets are $1 billion and over but less than $5 billion, and $1,500 if
assets are $5 billion or over. Members of the Audit Committee who are not
affiliated with the Adviser receive $1,000 for each Audit Committee meeting
attended ($2,000 for the chairperson of the Committee), and the chairperson of
the Committee of the Independent Directors receives $1,000 for each meeting of
such committee attended, with such fees being allocated evenly between the
Company and all other closed-end and open-end investment companies managed by
the Adviser. Members of the Committee of the Independent Directors and the
Derivatives Subcommittee (other than the chairperson of the Committee of the
Independent Directors) currently receive no additional compensation. In
addition, each Director who is not affiliated with the Adviser is reimbursed for
expenses incurred in connection with attending meetings.
The following table sets forth the compensation received by each director
from the Company during the fiscal year ended September 30, 1997, as well as the
total compensation received by each director from the Company and all other
registered investment companies managed by the Adviser or affiliates of the
Adviser during the calendar year ended December 31, 1996. Directors who are
officers or employees of the Adviser or any of its affiliates did not receive
any such compensation and are not included in the table. Mr. Hughey became a
director of the Company on September 3, 1996.
-16-
<PAGE>
Aggregate Compensation Total Compensation
Director from the Company from Fund Complex*
- -------- ---------------------- ------------------
David T. Bennett $ $ 56,250
Jaye F. Dyer $ $ 58,750
Karol D. Emmerich $ $ 58,750
Luella G. Goldberg $ $ 60,750
George Latimer $ $ 56,750
David A. Hughey $ $ -0-
- ----------------
* Currently consists of 20 registered investment companies managed by the
Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser, including the Company. During the
1996 calendar year, the Fund Complex consisted of up to 26 such investment
companies, several of which were merged or consolidated during the year.
Each director included in the table serves on the board of each such
open-end and closed-end investment company.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES
The investment adviser for the Funds is Piper Capital Management
Incorporated (the "Adviser"). Its affiliate, Piper Jaffray Inc. (the
"Distributor"), acts as the Funds' distributor. Each will act as such pursuant
to a written agreement which will be periodically approved by the directors or
the shareholders of the Funds. The address of both the Adviser and the
Distributor is Piper Jaffray Tower, 222 South Ninth Street, Minneapolis,
Minnesota 55402.
CONTROL OF THE ADVISER AND THE DISTRIBUTOR
The Adviser and the Distributor are both wholly owned subsidiaries of Piper
Jaffray Companies Inc., a publicly held corporation which is engaged through
its subsidiaries in various aspects of the financial services industry.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT
Pursuant to an Investment Advisory and Management Agreement with the
Company, the Adviser furnishes each Fund with investment advice and supervises
the management and investment programs of the Funds. The Adviser furnishes at
its own expense all necessary administrative services, office space, equipment
and clerical personnel for servicing the investments of the Funds. The Adviser
also provides investment advisory facilities and executive and supervisory
personnel for managing the investments and effecting the portfolio transactions
of the Funds. In addition, the Adviser pays the salaries and fees of all
officers and directors of the Company who are affiliated with the Adviser.
The Investment Advisory and Management Agreement will terminate
automatically in the event of its assignment. In addition, the agreement is
terminable at any time, without penalty, by the Board of Directors of the
Company or by vote of a majority of the Company's outstanding voting securities
on not more than 60 days' written notice to the Adviser, and by the Adviser on
60 days' written
-17-
<PAGE>
notice to the Company. The agreement may be terminated with respect to a
particular Fund at any time by a vote of the holders of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities of such Fund, upon 60 days' written notice to
the Adviser. Unless sooner terminated, the agreement shall continue in
effect for more than two years after its execution only so long as such
continuance is specifically approved at least annually by either the Board of
Directors or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of
the Company, provided that in either event such continuance is also approved
by a vote of a majority of the directors who are not parties to such
agreement, or interested persons of such parties, cast in person at a meeting
called for the purpose of voting on such approval. If a majority of the
outstanding voting securities of either Fund approves the agreement, the
agreement shall continue in effect with respect to such approving Fund
whether or not the shareholders of the other Fund approve the agreement.
Pursuant to the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, the Funds pay
the Adviser monthly advisory fees equal on an annual basis to a certain
percentage of each Fund's average net assets as set forth in the following
table.
Annual Advisory Fee
Average Net Asset as Percentage of
Values of each Fund Average Net Assets
------------------- ------------------
On the first $250,000,000 .50%
On the next $250,000,000 .45%
On average assets of over $500,000,000 .40%
For the fiscal years ended September 30, 1995, 1996 and 1997,
National Fund paid $298,729, $258,789 and $______, respectively, and
Minnesota Fund paid $706,675, $660,926 and $______, respectively, to the
Adviser pursuant to the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement.
Under the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, the Adviser
provides each Fund with advice and assistance in the selection and disposition
of that Fund's investments. All investment decisions are subject to review by
the Board of Directors of the Company.
The same security may be suitable for one or both of the Funds and/or for
other series of the Company or other funds or private accounts managed by the
Adviser or its affiliates. If and when two or more funds or accounts
simultaneously purchase or sell the same security, the transactions will be
allocated as to price and amount in accordance with arrangements equitable to
each fund or account. The simultaneous purchase or sale of the same securities
by both Funds or by either of the Funds and other series of the Company or other
funds or accounts may have a detrimental effect on a Fund, as this may affect
the price paid or received by that Fund or the size of the position obtainable
or able to be sold by that Fund.
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<PAGE>
EXPENSES
The expenses of each Fund are deducted from their income before dividends
are paid. These expenses include, but are not limited to, organizational costs,
fees paid to the Adviser, fees and expenses of officers and directors who are
not affiliated with the Adviser, taxes, interest, legal fees, transfer agent,
dividend disbursing agent and custodian fees, audit fees, brokerage fees and
commissions, fees and expenses of registering and qualifying the Funds and their
shares for distribution under federal and state securities laws, expenses of
preparing prospectuses and statements of additional information and of printing
and distributing prospectuses and statements of additional information annually
to existing shareholders, the expenses of reports to shareholders, shareholders'
meetings and proxy solicitations, distribution expenses pursuant to the Rule
12b-1 plan, and other expenses which are not expressly assumed by the Adviser
under the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement. Any general expenses of
the Company that are not readily identifiable as belonging to a particular
series of the Company will be allocated among the series based upon the relative
net assets of the series at the time such expenses were incurred.
DISTRIBUTION PLAN
Rule 12b-1(b) under the 1940 Act provides that any payments made by the
Funds in connection with financing the distribution of their shares may only be
made pursuant to a written plan describing all aspects of the proposed financing
of distribution, and also requires that all agreements with any person relating
to the implementation of the plan must be in writing. Because some of the
payments described below to be made by the Funds are distribution expenses
within the meaning of Rule 12b-1, the Company has entered into an Underwriting
and Distribution Agreement with the Distributor pursuant to a Distribution Plan
adopted in accordance with such Rule.
Rule 12b-1(b)(1) requires that such plan be approved by a majority of a
Fund's outstanding shares, and Rule 12b-1(b)(2) requires that such plan,
together with any related agreements, be approved by a vote of the Board of
Directors and of the directors who are not interested persons of the Company and
who have no direct or indirect interest in the operation of the plan or in the
agreements related to the plan, cast in person at a meeting called for the
purpose of voting on such plan or agreement. Rule 12b-1(b)(3) requires that the
plan or agreement provide, in substance:
(a) that it shall continue in effect for a period of more than one
year from the date of its execution or adoption only so long as such
continuance is specifically approved at least annually in the manner
described in paragraph(b)(2) of Rule 12b-1;
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<PAGE>
(b) that any person authorized to direct the disposition of moneys
paid or payable by the Company pursuant to the plan or any related
agreement shall provide to the Company's Board of Directors, and the
directors shall review, at least quarterly, a written report of the amounts
so expended and the purposes for which such expenditures were made; and
(c) in the case of a plan, that it may be terminated at any time by a
vote of a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of the Company
who are not interested persons of the Company and who have no direct or
indirect financial interest in the operation of the plan or in any
agreements related to the plan or by a vote of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities of a Fund.
Rule 12b-1(b)(4) requires that such a plan may not be amended to increase
materially the amount to be spent for distribution without shareholder approval
and that all material amendments of the plan must be approved in the manner
described in paragraph (b)(2) of Rule 12b-1.
Rule 12b-1(c) provides that the Company may rely upon Rule 12b-1(b) only
if the selection and nomination of the Company's disinterested directors are
committed to the discretion of such disinterested directors. Rule 12b-1(e)
provides that the Company may implement or continue a plan pursuant to Rule
12b-1(b) only if the directors who vote to approve such implementation or
continuation conclude, in the exercise of reasonable business judgment and in
light of their fiduciary duties under state law, and under Sections 36(a) and
(b) of the 1940 Act, that there is a reasonable likelihood that the plan will
benefit the Company and its shareholders. The Board of Directors has concluded
that there is a reasonable likelihood that the Distribution Plan will benefit
the Company and its shareholders.
Pursuant to the provisions of the Distribution Plan, National Fund and
Minnesota Fund pay fees to the Distributor at monthly rates of 1/12 of .30% of
National Fund's average daily net assets and 1/12 of .30% of the average daily
net assets of Minnesota Fund attributable to such Fund's Class A shares. Such
fees are paid in connection with servicing of the Fund's shareholder accounts
and in connection with distribution-related services provided with respect to
the Funds. The Class Y shares of Minnesota Fund do not pay fees under the
Distribution Plan
A portion of each Fund's total fee is paid as a distribution fee and will
be used by the Distributor to cover expenses that are primarily intended to
result in, or that are primarily attributable to, the sale of shares of the
Funds ("Distribution Expenses"), and the remaining portion of the fee is paid as
a shareholder servicing fee and will be used by the distributor to provide
compensation for ongoing servicing and/or maintenance of shareholder accounts
with respect to the Funds ("Shareholder Servicing Costs"). For each Fund, a
portion of the total fee equal to .05% of average daily net assets is
categorized as a distribution fee, and the
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<PAGE>
remaining portion of the fee, equal to .25% of average daily net assets, is
categorized as a servicing fee.
Distribution Expenses under the Plan include, but are not limited to,
initial and ongoing sales compensation (in addition to sales charges) paid to
Investment Executives of the Distributor and to other broker-dealers; expenses
incurred in the printing of prospectuses, statements of additional information
and reports used for sales purposes; expenses of preparation and distribution of
sales literature; expenses of advertising of any type; an allocation of the
Distributor's overhead; and payments to and expenses of persons who provide
support services in connection with the distribution of Fund shares.
Shareholder Servicing Costs include all expenses of the Distributor incurred in
connection with providing administrative or accounting services to shareholders,
including, but not limited to, an allocation of the Distributor's overhead and
payments made to persons, including employees of the Distributor, who respond to
inquiries of shareholders of the Funds regarding their ownership of shares or
their accounts with the Funds, or who provide other administrative or accounting
services not otherwise required to be provided by the Funds' Adviser or transfer
agent.
For the fiscal years ended September 30, 1995, 1996 and 1997, the
Distributor voluntarily limited amounts payable under the Distribution Plan to
.20%, .22% and .24%, respectively, of average daily net assets for each Fund.
During such periods, National Fund paid distribution fees to the Distributor of
$129,534, $107,785 and $______, respectively, and Minnesota Fund paid
distribution fees to the Distributor of $306,351, $275,220 and $______,
respectively. The Distributor has voluntarily limited amounts payable under the
Distribution Plan during fiscal 1998 to an annual rate of .24% of the average
daily net assets of National Fund and .24% of Minnesota Fund's average daily net
assets attributable to such Fund's Class A shares. The Distributor may
terminate its voluntary fee limitation at any time in its discretion.
Distribution fees for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1997, were used
by the Distributor as follows:
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<PAGE>
National Fund Minnesota Fund
------------- --------------
Advertising $ $
Printing and Mailing of
Prospectuses to Other Than
Current Shareholders
Compensation to Underwriters
(trail fees to Investment Executives)
Compensation to Dealers
Compensation to Sales Personnel
Interest, Carrying or Other
Financing Charges
Other (Specify) ________ ________
Total $ $
UNDERWRITING AND DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT
Pursuant to the Underwriting and Distribution Agreement, the Distributor
has agreed to act as the principal underwriter for the Funds in the sale and
distribution to the public of shares of the Funds, either through dealers or
otherwise. The Distributor has agreed to offer such shares for sale at all
times when such shares are available for sale and may lawfully be offered for
sale and sold. As compensation for its services, in addition to receiving its
distribution fees pursuant to the Distribution Plan discussed above, the
Distributor receives the sales load on sales of Fund shares set forth in the
Prospectus.
The following table sets forth the aggregate dollar amount of
underwriting commissions paid by each Fund for the fiscal years ended
September 30, 1995, 1996 and 1997, the amount of such commissions retained by
the Distributor and the total dollar amount of brokerage commissions paid by
each Fund to the Distributor.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Underwriting Commissions Brokerage Commissions
Total Underwriting Commissions Retained by Distributor Paid to Distributor
------------------------------ --------------------------------- --------------------------------
Fiscal Fiscal Fiscal Fiscal Fiscal Fiscal Fiscal Fiscal Fiscal
year year year year year year year year year
ended ended ended ended ended ended ended ended ended
9/30/95 9/30/96 9/30/97 9/30/95 9/30/96 9/30/97 9/30/95 9/30/96 9/30/97
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
National $36,355 $ 35,016 $ $21,086 $20,659 $ $ -0- $ -0- $
Minnesota 83,956 138,945 48,694 81,978 -0- -0-
</TABLE>
TRANSFER AGENT AND DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT
Investors Fiduciary Trust Company ("IFTC"), the transfer agent for the
Company, maintains certain omnibus shareholder accounts for each of the Funds.
Each such omnibus account represents the accounts of a number of individual
shareholders of a Fund. The Company has entered into Shareholder Account
Servicing Agreements with the Distributor and Piper Trust Company ("Piper
Trust"), pursuant to which the Distributor and Piper Trust provide certain
transfer
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<PAGE>
agent and dividend disbursing agent services for the underlying individual
shareholder accounts held at the respective companies. Pursuant to such
Agreements, the Distributor and Piper Trust have agreed to perform the usual and
ordinary services of transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent not performed
by IFTC with respect to the underlying individual shareholder accounts,
including, without limitation, the following: maintaining all shareholder
accounts, preparing shareholder meeting lists, mailing shareholder reports and
prospectuses, tracking shareholder accounts for blue sky and Rule l2b-1
purposes, withholding taxes on nonresident alien and foreign corporation
accounts, preparing and mailing checks for disbursement of income dividends and
capital gains distributions, preparing and filing U.S. Treasury Department Form
1099 for all shareholders, preparing and mailing confirmation forms to
shareholders and dealers with respect to all purchases, exchanges and
liquidations of series shares and other transactions in shareholder accounts for
which confirmations are required, recording reinvestments of dividends and
distributions in series shares, recording redemptions of series shares, and
preparing and mailing checks for payments upon redemption and for disbursements
to withdrawal plan holders. As compensation for such services, the Distributor
and Piper Trust are paid an annual fee of $7.50 per active shareholder account
(defined as an account that has a balance of shares) and $1.60 per closed
account (defined as an account that does not have a balance of shares, but has
had activity within the past 12 months) by each Fund. Such fee is payable on a
monthly basis at a rate of 1/12 of the annual per-account charge. Such fee
covers all services listed above, with the exception of preparing shareholder
meeting lists and mailing shareholder reports and prospectuses. These services,
along with proxy processing (if applicable) and other special service requests,
are billable as performed at a mutually agreed upon fee in addition to the
annual fee noted above, provided that such mutually agreed upon fee shall be
fair and reasonable in light of the usual and customary charges made by others
for services of the same nature and quality.
During the fiscal year ended September 30, 1997, National Fund paid $_____
and Minnesota Fund paid $_____ to the Distributor under the Shareholder Account
Servicing Agreement. The Funds did not make any payments to Piper Trust under
the Shareholder Account Servicing Agreement. [CONFIRM.]
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND ALLOCATION OF BROKERAGE
Because each Fund's portfolio is composed exclusively of debt, rather than
equity securities, most of the Funds' portfolio transactions are effected
without the payment of brokerage commissions, but at net prices which usually
include a markup. Most of the Funds' transactions are with the issuer or with
major dealers on a principal basis acting for their own account and not as
brokers. However, portfolio transactions for the Funds which are executed on an
agency basis may be effected through the Distributor on a securities exchange if
the commissions, fees or other remuneration received by the Distributor are
reasonable and fair compared to the commissions, fees or other remuneration paid
to other brokers or other futures
-23-
<PAGE>
commission merchants in connection with comparable transactions involving
similar securities or similar futures contracts or options on futures contracts
being purchased or sold on an exchange during a comparable period of time. In
effecting portfolio transactions through the Distributor, the Funds intend to
comply with Section 17(e)(1) of the 1940 Act.
The Adviser is responsible for effecting securities transactions for each
Fund. In placing orders for securities transactions, the primary criterion for
the selection of a broker-dealer is the ability of the broker-dealer, in the
opinion of the Adviser, to secure prompt execution of the transactions at the
most favorable net price, considering the state of the market at the time.
Frequently the Adviser selects a broker-dealer to effect a particular
transaction without contacting all broker-dealers who might be able to effect
such transaction, because of the volatility of the money market and the desire
to accept a particular price for a security because the price offered by the
broker-dealer meets a Fund's guidelines for profit, yield, or both.
When consistent with the objectives of prompt execution and favorable net
price, business may be placed with broker-dealers who furnish investment
research or services to the Adviser. Such research or services include advice,
both directly and in writing, as to the value of securities; the advisability of
investing in, purchasing or selling securities; and the availability of
securities, or purchasers or sellers of securities; as well as analyses and
reports concerning issues, industries, securities, economic factors and trends,
portfolio strategy and the performance of accounts. This allows the Adviser to
supplement its own investment research activities and enables the Adviser to
obtain the views and information of individuals and research staffs of many
different securities firms prior to making investment decisions for the Funds.
To the extent portfolio transactions are effected with broker-dealers who
furnish research services to the Adviser, the Adviser receives a benefit, not
capable of evaluation in dollar amounts, without providing any direct monetary
benefit to the Funds from these transactions. The Adviser believes that most
research services obtained by it generally benefit several or all of the
investment companies and private accounts which it manages, as opposed to solely
benefiting one specific managed fund or account. Normally, research services
obtained through managed funds or accounts investing in common stocks would
primarily benefit the managed funds or accounts which invest in common stock;
similarly, services obtained from transactions in fixed-income securities would
normally be of greater benefit to the managed funds or accounts which invest in
debt securities. The Funds will not purchase at a higher price or sell at a
lower price in connection with transactions effected with a dealer, acting as
principal, who furnishes research services to the Adviser than would be the case
if no weight were given by the Adviser to the dealer's furnishing of such
services.
The Adviser has not entered into any formal or informal agreements with any
broker-dealers, nor does it maintain any "formula" which must be followed in
connection with the placement of the Funds' portfolio transactions in exchange
for research services provided the Adviser, except as noted below. However,
the
-24-
<PAGE>
Adviser does maintain an informal list of broker-dealers, which is used from
time to time as a general guide in the placement of the Funds' business, in
order to encourage certain broker-dealers to provide the Adviser with research
services which the Adviser anticipates will be useful to it. Because the list
is merely a general guide, which is to be used only after the primary criterion
for the selection of broker-dealers (discussed above) has been met, substantial
deviations from the list are permissible and may be expected to occur. In the
event any transactions are executed on an agency basis, the Adviser will
authorize the Funds to pay an amount of commission for effecting a securities
transaction in excess of the amount of commission another broker-dealer would
have charged only if the Adviser determines in good faith that such amount of
commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research
services provided by such broker-dealer, viewed in terms of either that
particular transaction or the Adviser's overall responsibilities with respect to
the accounts as to which it exercises investment discretion. If the Funds
execute any transactions on an agency basis, they will generally pay higher than
the lowest commission rates available.
Any portfolio transactions for the Funds executed on an agency basis,
including transactions in futures contracts and options thereon, may be effected
through the Distributor. In determining the commissions to be paid to the
Distributor in connection with transactions effected on a securities exchange,
it is the policy of the Funds that such commissions will, in the judgment of the
Adviser, subject to review by the Board of Directors, be both (a) at least as
favorable as those which would be charged by other qualified brokers or futures
commission merchants in connection with comparable transactions involving
similar securities being purchased or sold on an exchange during a comparable
period of time, and (b) at least as favorable as commissions contemporaneously
charged by the Distributor on comparable transactions for its most favored
comparable unaffiliated customers. While the Funds do not deem it practicable
and in their best interest to solicit competitive bids for commission rates on
each transaction, consideration will regularly be given to posted commission
rates as well as to other information concerning the level of commissions
charged on comparable transactions by other qualified brokers and futures
commission merchants.
For the fiscal years ended September 30, 1995, 1996, and 1997, neither
Fund paid any brokerage commissions.
From time to time the Funds may acquire the securities of their regular
brokers or dealers or parent companies of such brokers or dealers. Neither
Fund purchased securities of its regular brokers or dealers or parent companies
of such brokers or dealers during the 1997 fiscal year.
-25-
<PAGE>
CAPITAL STOCK AND OWNERSHIP OF SHARES
The Company, which was organized under the laws of the State of Minnesota
in 1986, is authorized to issue a total of 10 trillion shares of common stock,
with a par value of $.01 per share. Three hundred and ninety billion of these
shares have been authorized by the Board of Directors to be issued in twelve
separate series, as follows: Growth Fund, Emerging Growth Fund, Small Company
Growth Fund, Growth and Income Fund, Balanced Fund, Government Income Fund,
Intermediate Bond Fund, National Tax-Exempt Fund and Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund,
each of which has ten billion authorized shares, and Money Market Fund,
Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund and U.S. Government Money Market Fund, each of
which has one hundred billion authorized shares.
Each Fund's shares constitute a separate series of the Company's common
stock. The assets received by a Company for the issue or sale of shares of each
series, and all income, earnings, profits and proceeds thereof, subject only to
the rights of creditors, will be allocated to such series, and constitute the
underlying assets of such series. The underlying assets of each series are
required to be segregated on the books of account, and are to be charged with
the expenses relating to such series and with a share of the general expenses of
the Company. Any general expenses of a Company not readily identifiable as
belonging to a particular series shall be allocated among the series based on
the relative net assets of the series at the time such expenses were accrued.
The Board of Directors is empowered under the Articles of Incorporation to
issue additional series of common stock without shareholder approval. In
addition, the Board of Directors may, without shareholder approval, create and
issue one or more additional classes of shares within each Fund, as well as
within any series of the Company created in the future.
All shares, when issued, will be fully paid and nonassessable and will be
redeemable. All shares have equal voting rights. They can be issued as full or
fractional shares. A fractional share has pro-rata the same kind of rights and
privileges as a full share. The shares possess no preemptive or conversion
rights.
Each share of a series has one vote (with proportionate voting for
fractional shares) irrespective of the relative net asset value of the series'
shares. On some issues, such as the election of directors, all shares of the
Company vote together as one series. On an issue affecting only a particular
series, the shares of the affected series vote separately. Cumulative voting is
not authorized. This means that the holders of more than 50% of the shares
voting for the election of directors can elect 100% of the directors if they
choose to do so, and, in such event, the holders of the remaining shares will be
unable to elect any directors.
As of _______, 1997, no shareholder owned of record or was known by the
Funds to own beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of any class of
any
-26-
<PAGE>
of the Funds. The directors and officers of the Company as a group owned less
than 1% of the outstanding shares of each Fund, and of each class thereof, as of
such date.
NET ASSET VALUE AND PUBLIC OFFERING PRICE
The method for determining the public offering price of Fund shares is
summarized in the Prospectus in the text following the headings "How to
Purchase Shares--Purchase Price" and "Valuation of Shares." The net asset
value of each Fund's shares is determined on each day on which the New York
Stock Exchange is open, provided that the net asset value need not be
determined on days when no Fund shares are tendered for redemption and no order
for Fund shares is received. The New York Stock Exchange is not open for
business on the following holidays (or on the nearest Monday or Friday if the
holiday falls on a weekend): New Year's Day, Presidents' Day, Good Friday,
Memorial Day, July 4th, Labor Day, Thanksgiving and Christmas.
The portfolio securities in which each Fund invests fluctuate in value, and
hence the net asset value per share of each Fund also fluctuates. On
September 30, 1997, the net asset value per share for each Fund was calculated
as follows:
National Fund
-------------
Net Assets ($________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
----------------------------
Shares Outstanding (_______) ($_____)
Minnesota Fund--Class A Shares
------------------------------
Net Assets ($_________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
----------------------------
Shares Outstanding (________) ($_____)
Minnesota Fund--Class Y Shares
------------------------------
Net Assets ($_________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
----------------------------
Shares Outstanding (________) ($_____)
In the case of National Fund and the Class A shares of Minnesota Fund, a
sales charge of 2.04% of the net asset value (in the case of sales of less than
$100,000) will be added to the net asset value per share to determine the public
offering price per share. No sales charge will be added in the case of the
Class Y shares of Minnesota Fund.
-27-
<PAGE>
PERFORMANCE COMPARISONS
Advertisements and other sales literature for the Funds may refer to a
Fund's "average annual total return," "cumulative total return," "yield" and
"tax equivalent yield." All such yield and total return quotations are based on
historical earnings and are not intended to indicate future performance. The
return on and principal value of an investment in any of the Funds will
fluctuate, so that an investor's shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or
less than their original cost.
Yield is computed by dividing the net investment income per share (as
defined under Securities and Exchange Commission rules and regulations) earned
during the advertised period by the offering price per share (including the
maximum sales charge) on the last day of the period. The result will then be
"annualized" using a formula that provides for semi-annual compounding of
income. Yield is computed according to the following formula:
a-b
YIELD = 2[( --- + 1)6 - 1]
cd
Where: a = dividends and interest earned during the period;
b = expenses accrued for the period (net of
reimbursements);
c = the average daily number of shares outstanding during
the period that were entitled to receive dividends; and
d = the maximum offering price per share on the last day of
the period.
National Fund's yield for the 30-day period ended September 30, 1997 was
___%. For the same period, the yields for Minnesota Fund's Class A and Class Y
shares were ___% and ___%, respectively. Had the Distributor not voluntarily
waived a portion of its Rule 12b-1 fees, the 30-day yields as of September 30,
1997 for National Fund and the Class A shares of Minnesota Fund would have been
___% and ___%, respectively.
Tax equivalent yield is calculated by applying the stated income tax rate
only to that portion of the yield that is exempt from taxation. The tax-exempt
portion of the yield is divided by the number 1 minus the stated income tax rate
(E.G., 1-28%=72%). The result is then added to that portion of the yield, if
any, that is not tax exempt.
National Fund's tax equivalent yield for the 30-day period ended
September 30, 1997 was ___%, assuming a federal income tax rate of 31%. For the
same period, Minnesota Fund's Class A and Class Y share tax equivalent yields
were ___% and ___%, respectively, assuming a combined federal/Minnesota income
tax rate of 39.6%. Had the Distributor not voluntarily waived a portion of its
Rule 12b-1
-28-
<PAGE>
fees, the 30-day tax-equivalent yields as of September 30, 1997 for National
Fund and Minnesota Fund's Class A shares would have been ___% and ___%,
respectively.
Average annual total return is the average annual compounded rate of return
on a hypothetical $1,000 investment made at the beginning of the advertised
period. Average annual total return figures are computed according to the
following formula:
n
P(1+T) = ERV
Where: P = a hypothetical initial payment of $1,000;
T = average annual total return;
n = number of years; and
ERV = ending redeemable value at the end of the period of a
hypothetical $1,000 payment made at the beginning of
such period.
This calculation deducts the maximum sales charge from the initial hypothetical
$1,000 investment, assumes all dividends and capital gains distributions are
reinvested at net asset value on the appropriate reinvestment dates as described
in the Prospectus, and includes all recurring fees, such as investment advisory
and management fees, charged to all shareholder accounts.
During the periods for which average annual total return is calculated, the
Adviser waived or paid certain expenses of the Funds and/or the Distributor
voluntarily limited Rule 12b-1 fees, thereby increasing average annual total
return. These expenses may or may not be waived or paid in the future, in the
Adviser's and the Distributor's discretion.
The following table sets forth the average annual total return of each Fund
(Class A shares of Minnesota Fund) for various periods ended September 30, 1997.
<TABLE>
Average Annual Total Return
-------------------------------------------------------------
Absent Voluntary Fee Waivers
Actual and Expense Payments
----------------------------- -----------------------------
Since Since
1 Year 5 Year Inception 1 Year 5 Year Inception
------ ------ --------- ------ ------ ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
National Fund
(Inception 7/11/88) 2.16% 6.17% 7.11% 2.07% 6.05% 6.83%
Minnesota Fund-Class A Shares
(Inception 7/11/88) 1.99% 6.28% 7.03% 1.89% 6.18% 6.84%
Minnesota Fund-Class Y Shares
(Inception ______) N/A N/A ___% N/A N/A ___%
</TABLE>
Cumulative total return is calculated by subtracting a hypothetical $1,000
payment to a Fund from the redeemable value of such payment at the end of the
-29-
<PAGE>
advertised period, dividing such difference by $1,000 and multiplying the
quotient by 100. Cumulative total return is computed according to the following
formula:
(ERV-P)
CTR = ----- 100
P
Where: CTR = Cumulative total return
ERV = ending redeemable value at the end of the period of a
hypothetical $1,000 payment made at the beginning of
such period; and
P = initial payment of $1,000
This calculation assumes all dividends and capital gain distributions are
reinvested at net asset value on the appropriate reinvestment dates as described
in the Prospectus and includes all recurring fees, such as investment advisory
and management fees, charged to all shareholder accounts.
The cumulative total returns for the period from July 11, 1988 (commencement
of operations) through September 30, 1997 for National Fund and the Class A
shares of Minnesota Fund were ____% and ____%, respectively. There were no
Class Y shares of Minnesota Fund outstanding during this period. The Adviser
waived or paid certain expenses of the Funds and/or the Distributor voluntarily
limited Rule 12b-1 fees during this time period and such expenses and fees may
or may not be waived or paid in the future. Absent any voluntary fee waivers or
expense payments, National Fund's cumulative total return for the same period
would have been ____% and Minnesota Fund's Class A share cumulative total return
would have been ____%. The cumulative total return for the Class Y shares of
Minnesota Fund for the period from ________ (commencement of operations) through
September 30, 1997 was ___%. No fees or expenses were waived during this
period.
In addition to advertising total return and yield, comparative performance
information may be used from time to time in advertising the Funds' shares,
including data from Lipper Analytical Services, Inc. ("Lipper"), Morningstar,
other industry publications and other entities or organizations which track the
performance of investment companies. The performance of each Fund may be
compared to that of its unmanaged benchmark index and to the performance of
similar funds as reported by Lipper. Each Fund's benchmark index and comparison
group are set forth below.
Performance information for the Funds also may be compared to other
unmanaged indices. Unmanaged indices do not reflect deductions for
administrative and management costs and expenses. The Funds may also include in
advertisements and communications to Fund shareholders evaluations of a Fund
published by nationally recognized ranking services and by financial
publications that are nationally recognized, such as BARRON'S, BUSINESS WEEK,
FORBES, INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR, INVESTOR'S DAILY, MONEY, KIPLINGER'S PERSONAL
FINANCE
-30-
<PAGE>
MAGAZINE, MORNINGSTAR MUTUAL FUND VALUES, THE NEW YORK TIMES, USA TODAY
and THE WALL STREET JOURNAL.
The performance of National Fund may be compared to the performance of the
General Municipal Bond Funds Average, as reported by Lipper, and to the
performance of the Lehman Brothers Municipal Index. The performance of
Minnesota Fund may be compared to the performance of the Minnesota Municipal
Bond Funds Average, as reported by Lipper, and to the performance of the Lehman
Brothers Municipal Index.
TAX-EXEMPT VS. TAXABLE INCOME
The tables below show the approximate yields that taxable securities must
earn to equal federally tax-exempt yields and yields that are exempt from both
federal and Minnesota income taxes under selected combined federal/Minnesota
income tax brackets, which reflect effective combined rates after deducting
Minnesota taxes from federal income. The combined federal/Minnesota tax
brackets assume the federal rate listed in the column above each combined
bracket and a Minnesota income tax rate of 8.5% (except the 33.8% combined rate,
which assumes a Minnesota rate of 8%). The 39.6% federal rate and the 8.5%
Minnesota rate are the highest rates currently scheduled to be in effect for
individuals in 1997.
NATIONAL TAX-EXEMPT FUND
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Equivalent Taxable Yield
----------------------------------------------------------
28% Federal 31% Federal 36% Federal 39.6% Federal
Tax-Free Yield Bracket Bracket Bracket Bracket
- -------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
4.00% 5.56% 5.80% 6.25% 6.62%
4.50 6.25 6.52 7.03 7.45
5.00 6.94 7.25 7.81 8.28
5.50 7.64 7.97 8.59 9.11
6.00 8.33 8.70 9.38 9.93
6.50 9.03 9.42 10.16 10.76
7.00 9.72 10.14 10.94 11.59
7.50 10.42 10.87 11.72 12.42
8.00 11.11 11.59 12.50 13.25
</TABLE>
-31-
<PAGE>
MINNESOTA TAX-EXEMPT FUND
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Equivalent Taxable Yield
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
33.8% Combined 36.9% Combined 41.4% Combined 44.7% Combined
Federal/Minnesota Federal/Minnesota Federal/Minnesota Federal/Minnesota
Tax-Free Fund Bracket Bracket Bracket Bracket
- ------------- ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
4.00% 6.04% 6.34% 6.83% 7.23%
4.50 6.80 7.13 7.68 8.14
5.00 7.55 7.92 8.53 9.04
5.50 8.31 8.72 9.39 9.95
6.00 9.06 9.51 10.24 10.85
6.50 9.82 10.30 11.09 11.75
7.00 10.57 11.09 11.95 12.66
7.50 11.33 11.89 12.80 13.56
8.00 12.08 12.68 13.65 14.47
</TABLE>
These charts do not take into consideration any federal or Minnesota
alternative minimum tax. In addition, each chart is based on yields that are
derived solely from tax-exempt income. To the extent a Fund's advertised yield
is derived from taxable income, the Fund's equivalent taxable yield will be less
than set forth in the chart. The tax-free yields used in these charts should
not be considered as representations of any particular rates of return and are
for purposes of illustration only.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF COMPOUNDING ON TAXABLE AND TAX-EXEMPT INVESTMENTS
The graphs below demonstrate the effect that compounding has on taxable and
tax-exempt investments with similar dividend yields for selected federal tax
brackets and selected combined federal/Minnesota tax brackets. Dividends on an
after-tax basis are assumed to be invested and compounded monthly.
-32-
<PAGE>
[CHART]
[CHART]
Each graph assumes that dividend yield and taxable income remain constant
and that taxable dividend income earned does not put an investor into a higher
tax bracket. The assumed dividend yields used in these graphs should not be
considered as representations of any particular rates of return and are for
purposes of illustration only.
PURCHASE OF SHARES
For shares of National Fund and Class A shares of Minnesota Fund, an
investor may qualify for a reduced sales charge through one or more of several
plans. An investor must notify his or her Piper Jaffray Investment Executive or
broker-dealer at the time of purchase to take advantage of these plans.
-33-
<PAGE>
COMBINED PURCHASE PLAN
An investor may reduce or eliminate front-end or initial sales charges by
aggregating his or her purchase with purchases of certain related personal
accounts. In addition, purchases made by members of certain organized groups
will be aggregated for purposes of determining sales charges. Sales charges are
calculated by adding the dollar amount of the investor's current purchase to the
higher of the cost or current value of shares of any Piper fund sold with a
front-end sales charge that are currently held by the investor and the
investor's related accounts or by other members of the organized group.
QUALIFIED GROUPS. Purchases in the following personal accounts may be
grouped together:
- The investor's individual account.
- The account of the investor's spouse.
- Accounts of the investor's children.
- The investor's employee benefit plan accounts if they are exclusively
for his or her benefit. This includes accounts such as IRAs, individual
403(b) plans or single-participant Keogh-type plans but does not include
plans that cover more than one participant.
- A trust or trusts created for the primary benefit of the investor, his
or her spouse or his or her children.
Additionally, purchases made by members of any organized group meeting the
requirements listed below may be aggregated for purposes of determining sales
charges:
- The group has been in existence for more than six months.
- It is not organized for the purpose of buying redeemable securities of a
registered investment company.
- Purchases must be made through a central administration, or through a
single dealer, or by other means that results in economy of sales effort or
expense.
An organized group does not include a group of individuals whose sole
organizational connection is participation as credit card holders of a company,
policyholders of an insurance company, customers of either a bank or
broker-dealer or clients of an investment adviser.
-34-
<PAGE>
ACCUMULATION PRIVILEGE
Initial sales charges for purchases of Fund shares into Piper Jaffray
accounts will be automatically calculated taking into account the dollar amount
of any new purchases along with the higher of current value or cost of Class A
shares previously purchased in any other mutual fund managed by the Adviser,
provided such shares were sold with an initial sales charge. For other
broker-dealer accounts, an investor should notify his or her Investment
Executive at the time of purchase of additional Piper fund shares the investor
owns.
LETTER OF INTENT
An investor's initial sales charge may be reduced by signing a non-binding
Letter of Intent, which the investor can obtain by contacting his or her Piper
Jaffray Investment Executive or other broker-dealer. This Letter of Intent will
state the investor's intention to invest $100,000 or more in any of the mutual
funds managed by the Adviser that are sold with an initial sales charge over a
13-month period, beginning not earlier than 90 days prior to the date the
investor signs the Letter. The investor will pay the lower sales charge
applicable to the total amount he or she plans to invest over the 13-month
period.
Any redemptions made during the term of the Letter of Intent will be
subtracted from the amount of purchases in determining whether the Letter of
Intent has been completed. During the term of a Letter of Intent, IFTC will
hold shares representing 5% of the amount that the investor intends to invest
during the 13-month period in escrow for payment of a higher sales charge if the
full amount indicated in the Letter of Intent is not purchased. Dividends on
the escrowed shares will be paid to the shareholder. The escrowed shares will
be released when the full amount indicated has been purchased. If the full
indicated amount is not purchased within the 13-month period, the investor will
be required to pay, either in cash or by liquidating escrowed shares, an amount
equal to the difference in the dollar amount of sales charge actually paid and
the amount of sales charge the investor would have paid on his or her aggregate
purchases if the total of such purchases had been made at a single time.
SPECIAL PURCHASE PLANS
Shares of National Fund and Class A shares of Minnesota Fund are available
without a sales charge in the following situations:
PURCHASES BY PIPER JAFFRAY COMPANIES, INC., ITS SUBSIDIARIES AND ASSOCIATED
PERSONS
Piper Jaffray Companies Inc. and its subsidiaries may buy shares of the
Funds without incurring a sales charge. The following persons associated with
such entities also may buy Fund shares without paying a sales charge:
-35-
<PAGE>
- Officers, directors and their spouses.
- Employees, retirees and their spouses.
- Sales representatives and their spouses.
- Children, grandchildren, parents, grandparents or siblings of any of the
above, or spouses of any of these persons.
- Any trust, pension, profit-sharing or other benefit plan for any of the
above.
All persons in the first four groups set forth above may continue to add to
their accounts even after their company relationships have ended.
PURCHASES BY BROKER-DEALERS
Employees of broker-dealers who have entered into sales agreements with the
Distributor, and spouses and children under the age of 21 of such employees, may
buy shares of the Funds without incurring a sales charge.
PURCHASES BY OTHER INDIVIDUALS WITHOUT A SALES CHARGE
The following other individuals and entities may also buy Fund shares
without paying a sales charge:
- Clients of the Adviser buying shares of the Funds in their advisory
accounts.
- Trust companies, including Piper Trust Company, and bank trust
departments using funds over which they exercise discretionary investment
authority and which are held in a fiduciary, agency, advisory, custodial or
similar capacity.
- Investors purchasing shares through a Piper Jaffray Investment Executive
if the purchase of such shares is funded by the proceeds from the sale of
shares of any non-money market open-end fund that is not managed by the
Adviser. This privilege is available for 30 days after the sale.
- Former shareholders of American Government Term Trust Inc. may invest
the distributions received by them in connection with the dissolution of
such fund in shares of the Funds without payment of a sales charge.
- Investors purchasing shares through a wrap fee account established by
the Distributor or by another broker-dealer who has entered into a selected
dealer agreement with the Distributor.
-36-
<PAGE>
REDEMPTION OF SHARES
GENERAL
Redemption of shares, or payment, may be suspended at times (a) when the
New York Stock Exchange is closed for other than customary weekend or holiday
closings, (b) when trading on said Exchange is restricted, (c) when an emergency
exists, as a result of which disposal by the Funds of securities owned by them
is not reasonably practicable, or it is not reasonably practicable for the Funds
fairly to determine the value of their net assets, or (d) during any other
period when the Securities and Exchange Commission, by order, so permits,
provided that applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange
Commission shall govern as to whether the conditions prescribed in (b) or (c)
exist.
Shareholders who purchased shares through a broker-dealer other than the
Distributor may also redeem such shares by written request to IFTC at the
address set forth in the Prospectus. To be considered in proper form, written
requests for redemption should indicate the dollar amount or number of shares
to be redeemed, refer to the shareholder's Fund account number, and give either
a social security or tax identification number. The request should be signed
in exactly the same way the account is registered. If there is more than one
owner of the shares, all owners must sign. If shares to be redeemed have a
value of $10,000 or more ($25,000 or more in the case of Class Y shares of
Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund) or redemption proceeds are to be paid to someone
other than the shareholder at the shareholder's address of record, the
signature(s) must be guaranteed by an "eligible guarantor institution," which
includes a commercial bank that is a member of the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation, a trust company, a member firm of a domestic stock exchange, a
savings association or a credit union that is authorized by its charter to
provide a signature guarantee. IFTC may reject redemption instructions if the
guarantor is neither a member of nor a participant in a signature guarantee
program. Signature guarantees by notaries public are not acceptable. The
purpose of a signature guarantee is to protect shareholders against the
possibility of fraud. Further documentation will be requested from
corporations, administrators, executors, personal representatives, trustees and
custodians. Redemption requests given by facsimile will not be accepted.
Unless other instructions are given in proper form, a check for the proceeds of
the redemption will be sent to the shareholder's address of record.
REINVESTING AFTER A SALE
A shareholder who has redeemed shares of National Fund or Class A shares of
Minnesota Fund may reinvest all or part of the redemption proceeds in shares of
any fund managed by the Adviser (the Class A shares of any such fund that offers
multiple classes of shares) within 30 days without payment of an additional
sales charge. If the shareholder paid a contingent deferred sales charge
("CDSC") in connection with such redemption, the Distributor will refund a
proportional
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amount of such CDSC. Such refund will be based upon the ratio of the net asset
value of shares purchased in the reinvestment to the net asset value of shares
redeemed. Reinvestments will be allowed at net asset value, without the
payment of a front-end sales charge, irrespective of the amounts of the
reinvestment, but shall be subject to the same pro rata CDSC that was
applicable to the earlier investment; however, the period during which the CDSC
shall apply on the newly issued shares shall be the period applicable to the
redeemed shares extended by the number of days between the redemption and the
reinvestment dates (inclusive).
SYSTEMATIC WITHDRAWAL PLAN
To establish a Systematic Withdrawal Plan for any Fund and receive regular
periodic payments, an account must have a value of $5,000 or more ($1 million or
more in the case of Class Y shares of Minnesota Fund). A request to establish a
Systematic Withdrawal Plan must be submitted in writing to an investor's Piper
Jaffray Investment Executive or other broker-dealer. There are no service
charges for maintenance; the minimum amount that may be withdrawn each period is
$100. (This is merely the minimum amount allowed and should not be interpreted
as a recommended amount.) The holder of a Systematic Withdrawal Plan will have
any income dividends and any capital gains distributions reinvested in full and
fractional shares at net asset value. To provide funds for payment, the
appropriate Fund will redeem as many full and fractional shares as necessary at
the redemption price, which is net asset value. Redemption of shares may reduce
or possibly exhaust the shares in your account, particularly in the event of a
market decline. As with other redemptions, a redemption to make a withdrawal
payment is a sale for federal income tax purposes. Payments made pursuant to a
Systematic Withdrawal Plan cannot be considered as actual yield or income since
part of such payments may be a return of capital.
A confirmation of each transaction showing the sources of the payment and
the share and cash balance remaining in the account will be sent. The plan may
be terminated on written notice by the shareholder or the appropriate Fund, and
it will terminate automatically if all shares are liquidated or withdrawn from
the account or upon the death or incapacity of the shareholder. The amount and
schedule of withdrawal payments may be changed or suspended by giving written
notice to your Piper Jaffray Investment Executive or other broker-dealer at
least seven business days prior to the end of the month preceding a scheduled
payment.
TAXATION
Each Fund qualified as a regulated investment company under the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), during its last taxable year and
intends to so qualify during the current taxable year. If so qualified, each
Fund will not be liable for federal income taxes to the extent it distributes
its taxable income to shareholders.
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Each Fund intends to take all actions required under the Code to ensure
that it may pay "exempt-interest dividends." If a Fund meets these
requirements, distributions of net interest income from tax-exempt obligations
that are designated by the Fund as exempt-interest dividends will be excludable
from the gross income of the Fund's shareholders.
If a Fund invests in custodial receipts (see "Characteristics and Risks of
Securities and Special Investment Methods--Municipal Securities--Derivative
Municipal Securities"), it is possible that a portion of the discount at which
the Fund purchases the receipts might have to be accrued as taxable income
during the period that the Fund holds the receipts. Because of the requirement
that the Fund distribute 90% of its net investment income to maintain its status
as a regulated investment company, the Fund would be obligated to distribute
taxable income to shareholders in the amount of its accrued taxable income.
Pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the "Code"), each Fund will
be subject to a nondeductible excise tax equal to 4% of the excess, if any, of
the amount required to be distributed pursuant to the Code for each calendar
year over the amount actually distributed. In order to avoid the imposition of
this excise tax, each Fund generally must declare dividends by the end of a
calendar year representing 98% of the Fund's ordinary income for the calendar
year and 98% of its capital gain net income (both long-term and short-term
capital gains) for the 12-month period ending October 31 of the calendar year.
Ordinarily, distributions and redemption proceeds earned by a Fund
shareholder are not subject to withholding of federal income tax. However, 31%
of a Fund shareholder's distributions and redemption proceeds must be withheld
if a Fund shareholder fails to supply the Fund or its agent with such
shareholder's taxpayer identification number or if a Fund shareholder who is
otherwise exempt from withholding fails to properly document such shareholder's
status as an exempt recipient.
Any loss on the sale or exchange of shares of a Fund generally will be
disallowed to the extent that a shareholder acquires or contracts to acquire
shares of the same Fund within 30 days before or after such sale or exchange.
In addition, if a shareholder disposes of shares within 90 days of acquiring
such shares and purchases other shares of the Company or another mutual fund
managed by the Adviser at a reduced sales charge, the shareholder's tax basis
for determining gain or loss on the shares which are disposed of is reduced by
the lesser of the amount of the sales charge that was paid when the shares
disposed of were acquired or the amount by which the sales charge for the new
shares is reduced. If a shareholder's tax basis is so reduced, the amount of
the reduction is treated as part of the tax basis of the new shares.
Any loss on the sale or exchange of shares of a Fund held for six months or
less (although regulations may reduce this time period to 31 days) will be
disallowed
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for federal and Minnesota income tax purposes to the extent of the amount of
any exempt-interest dividend received with respect to such shares. This loss
disallowance rule applies to Minnesota taxpayers (including corporations) even
though all or a portion of such dividend is not excluded from Minnesota taxable
income. Certain deductions otherwise allowable to financial institutions and
property and casualty insurance companies will be eliminated or reduced by
reason of the receipt of certain exempt-interest dividends.
Under the Code, interest on indebtedness incurred or continued to purchase
or carry shares of an investment company paying exempt-interest dividends, such
as each Fund, will not be deductible by a shareholder in proportion to the ratio
of exempt-interest dividends to all dividends other than those treated as
long-term capital gains. Indebtedness may be allocated to shares of either Fund
even though not directly traceable to the purchase of such shares. Federal law
also restricts the deductibility of other expenses allocable to shares of each
Fund. Similar nondeductibility rules apply under Minnesota law to individuals,
estates and trusts, even as to exempt-interest dividends that are not excluded
from Minnesota taxable net income.
For federal income tax purposes, an alternative minimum tax ("AMT") is
imposed on taxpayers to the extent that such tax exceeds a taxpayer's regular
income tax liability (with certain adjustments). Exempt-interest dividends
attributable to interest income on certain tax-exempt obligations issued after
August 7, 1986 to finance certain private activities are treated as an item of
tax preference that is included in alternative minimum taxable income for
purposes of computing the federal alternative minimum tax for all taxpayers and
the federal environmental tax on corporations. The Funds may invest in
obligations the interest on which is treated as an item of tax preference, to
the extent set forth in the Prospectus. In addition, a portion of all other
tax-exempt interest received by a corporation, including exempt-interest
dividends, will be included in adjusted current earnings and earnings and
profits for purposes of determining the federal corporate alternative minimum
tax and the branch profits tax imposed on foreign corporations under Section 884
of the Code.
Because liability for AMT will depend upon the regular tax liability and
tax preference items of a specific taxpayer, the extent, if any, to which any
tax preference items resulting from investment in a Fund will be subject to the
tax will depend upon each shareholder's individual situation. For shareholders
with substantial tax preferences, the AMT could reduce the after-tax economic
benefits of an investment in the Fund. Each shareholder is advised to consult
his or her tax adviser with respect to the possible effects of such tax
preference items.
For shareholders who are or may become recipients of Social Security
benefits, exempt-interest dividends are includable in computing "modified
adjusted gross income" for purposes of determining the amount of Social Security
benefits, if
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any, that is required to be included in gross income. The maximum amount of
Social Security benefits includable in gross income is 85%.
The Code requires a regulated investment company to diversify its holdings.
The Internal Revenue Service has not made its position clear regarding the
treatment of futures contracts and options for purposes of the diversification
test, and the extent to which a Fund could buy or sell futures contracts and
options may be limited by this requirement.
Gain or loss on futures contracts and options is taken into account when
realized by entering into a closing transaction or by exercise. In addition,
with respect to many types of futures contracts and options held at the end
of a Fund's taxable year, unrealized gain or loss on such contracts is taken
into account at the then current fair market value thereof under a special
"marked-to-market, 60/40 system," and such gain or loss is recognized for tax
purposes. The gain or loss from such futures contracts and options
(including premiums on certain options that expire unexercised) is treated as
60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss, regardless of their
holding period. The amount of any capital gain or loss actually realized by a
Fund in a subsequent sale or other disposition of such futures contracts will
be adjusted to reflect any capital gain or loss taken into account by the
Fund in a prior year as a result of the constructive sale under the
"marked-to-market, 60/40 system." Notwithstanding the rules described above,
with respect to certain futures contracts, a Fund may make an election that
will have the effect of exempting all or a part of those identified futures
contracts from being treated for federal income tax purposes as sold on the
last business day of the Fund's taxable year. All or part of any loss
realized by the Fund on any closing of a futures contract may be deferred
until all of the Fund's offsetting positions with respect to the futures
contracts are closed.
The Tax Reform Act of 1986 imposed new requirements on certain tax-exempt
bonds which, if not satisfied, could result in loss of tax exemption for
interest on such bonds, even retroactively to the date of issuance of the
bonds. Proposals may be introduced before Congress in the future, the purpose
of which will be to further restrict or eliminate the federal income tax
exemption for municipal securities. The Funds cannot predict what additional
legislation may be enacted that may affect shareholders. The Funds will avoid
investment in municipal securities which, in the opinion of the Adviser, pose a
material risk of the loss of tax exemption. Further, if a municipal security
in a Fund's portfolio loses its exempt status, that Fund will make every effort
to dispose of such investment on terms that are not detrimental to the Fund.
MINNESOTA TAXATION
The portion of exempt-interest dividends that is derived from interest
income on obligations of the State of Minnesota or its political or governmental
subdivisions, municipalities, governmental agencies or instrumentalities is
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excluded from the Minnesota taxable net income of individuals, estates and
trusts, provided the portion of the exempt-interest dividends from such
Minnesota sources paid to all shareholders represents 95% or more of the
exempt-interest dividends paid by the Fund. The remaining portion of such
dividends, and dividends that are not exempt-interest dividends or capital gain
dividends, are included in the Minnesota taxable net income of individuals,
estates and trusts. The Fund intends to meet this 95% requirement, so that the
dividends it pays that are attributable to interest on Minnesota obligations
will be excludable from the Minnesota taxable income of shareholders that are
individuals, estates and trusts. Exempt-interest dividends are not excluded
from the Minnesota taxable income of corporations and financial institutions.
Dividends qualifying for federal income tax purposes as capital gain dividends
are to be treated by shareholders as long-term capital gains under Minnesota
law. However, Minnesota has repealed the favorable treatment of long-term
capital gains while retaining restrictions on the deductibility of capital
losses. As under federal law, the portion of Social Security benefits subject
to Minnesota income tax may be affected by the amount of exempt-interest
dividends received by the shareholders. Exempt-interest dividends attributable
to interest on certain private activity bonds issued after August7, 1986 will
be included in Minnesota alternative minimum taxable income of individuals,
estates and trusts for purposes of computing Minnesota's alternative minimum
tax.
The 1995 Minnesota Legislature enacted a statement of intent that interest
on obligations of Minnesota governmental units and Indian tribes be included in
net income of individuals, estates and trusts for Minnesota income tax purposes
if a court determines that Minnesota's exemption of such interest unlawfully
discriminates against interstate commerce because interest on obligations of
governmental issuers located in other states is so included. This provision
applies to taxable years that begin during or after the calendar year in which
any such court decision becomes final, irrespective of the date on which the
obligations were issued. The Fund is not aware of any decision in which a court
has held that a state's exemption of interest on its own bonds or those of its
political subdivisions or Indian tribes, but not of interest on the bonds of
other states or their political subdivisions or Indian tribes, unlawfully
discriminates against interstate commerce or otherwise contravenes the U.S.
Constitution. Nevertheless, the Fund cannot predict the likelihood that
interest on the Minnesota municipal securities held by the Fund would become
taxable under this Minnesota statutory provision.
The foregoing relates only to federal and Minnesota income taxation.
Prospective shareholders should consult their tax advisers as to the possible
application of other state and local income tax laws to Fund distributions.
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GENERAL INFORMATION
The Bylaws of the Company provide that shareholder meetings be held only
with such frequency as required under Minnesota law. Minnesota corporation law
requires only that the Board of Directors convene shareholder meetings when it
deems appropriate. In addition, Minnesota law provides that if a regular
meeting of shareholders has not been held during the immediately preceding 15
months, a shareholder or shareholders holding 3% or more of the voting shares of
a corporation may demand a regular meeting of shareholders by written notice
given to the chief executive officer or chief financial officer of the
corporation. Within 30 days after receipt of the demand, the Board of Directors
shall cause a regular meeting of shareholders to be called, which meeting shall
be held no later than 90 days after receipt of the demand, all at the expense of
the corporation. In addition, the 1940 Act requires a shareholder vote for all
amendments to fundamental investment policies and restrictions, for all
amendments to investment advisory contracts and for certain amendments to Rule
12b-1 distribution plans.
Minnesota has enacted legislation which authorizes corporations to
eliminate or limit the personal liability of a director to the corporation or
its shareholders for monetary damages for breach of the fiduciary duty of "care"
(the duty to act with the care an ordinarily prudent person in a like position
would exercise under similar circumstances). Minnesota law does not, however,
permit a corporation to eliminate or limit the liability of a director (a) for
any breach of the director's duty of "loyalty" to the corporation or its
shareholders (the duty to act in good faith and in a manner reasonably believed
to be in the best interest of the corporation), (b) for acts or omissions not in
good faith or that involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law,
(c) for authorizing a dividend, stock repurchase or redemption or other
distribution in violation of Minnesota law or for violation of certain
provisions of Minnesota securities laws, or (d) for any transaction from which
the director derived an improper personal benefit. Minnesota law does not
permit elimination or limitation of a director's liability under the 1933 Act or
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the 1940 Act prohibits elimination or
limitation of a director's liability for acts involving willful malfeasance, bad
faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties of a director. The
Articles of Incorporation of the Company limit the liability of directors to the
fullest extent permitted by Minnesota law and the 1940 Act.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial statements for the Funds as of September 30, 1997, as
set forth in the Funds' annual report to shareholders, are incorporated by
reference into this Statement of Additional Information. The audited financial
statements are provided in reliance on the report of KPMG Peat Marwick LLP, 4200
Norwest Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402, independent auditors of the Funds,
given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
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PENDING LITIGATION
Complaints have been brought in federal and state court relating to one
open-end and twelve closed-end investment companies managed by the Adviser and
to two open-end funds for which the Adviser has acted as sub-adviser. On
February 13, 1996, a Settlement Agreement became effective for the consolidated
class action lawsuit, titled IN RE: PIPER FUNDS INC. INSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENT
INCOME PORTFOLIO LITIGATION. The Amended Consolidated Class Action Complaint was
filed on October 5, 1994, in the United States District Court, District of
Minnesota, against Institutional Government Income Portfolio (a series of Piper
Funds Inc.), the Adviser, the Distributor, William H. Ellis and Edward J.
Kohler, and had alleged the making of materially misleading statements in the
prospectus, common law negligent misrepresentation and breach of fiduciary
duty. The Settlement Agreement will provide approximately $67.5 million,
together with interest earned, less certain disbursements and attorney fees, to
class members in payments scheduled over approximately three years. Such
payments will be made by Piper Jaffray Companies Inc. and the Adviser and will
not be an obligation of Piper Funds Inc.
Two additional complaints relating to the Institutional Government Income
Portfolio remain pending. These complaints were brought by investors who
requested exclusion from the settlement class and are based on claims similar to
those asserted in the consolidated Class Action complaint. The first pending
complaint was brought on April11, 1995, and filed in the Minnesota State
District Court, Hennepin County. This action was removed to United States
District Court, District of Minnesota. The plaintiff, Frank R. Berman, Trustee
of Frank R. Berman Professional CP Pension Plan Trust, sued individually and not
on behalf of any putative class. Defendants are the Distributor, Piper Funds
Inc., Morton Silverman and Worth Bruntjen. A second pending complaint relating
to the Institutional Government Income Portfolio was filed on June 22, 1995 in
the Montana Thirteenth Judicial District Court, Yellowstone County by Beverly
Muth against the Distributor and Teresa L. Darnielle. In addition to the above
complaints, actions have been commenced in arbitration by some of individual
investors who requested exclusion from the settlement class in the IN RE: PIPER
FUNDS INC. action.
A complaint was filed by Gary E. Nelson on June 28, 1995 in the United
States District Court for the Western District of Washington at Seattle against
American Strategic Income Portfolio Inc. -- II ("BSP"), the Adviser, the
Distributor, Piper Jaffray Companies Inc., Worth Bruntjen, Charles N. Hayssen,
Michael Jansen, William H. Ellis and Edward J. Kohler. A second complaint was
filed by the same individual in the same court on July 12, 1995 against American
Opportunity Income Fund Inc. ("OIF"), the Adviser, the Distributor, Piper
Jaffray Companies Inc., Worth Bruntjen, Charles N. Hayssen, Michael Jansen,
William H. Ellis and Edward J. Kohler. On September 7, 1995, Christian
Fellowship Foundation Peace United Church of Christ, Gary E. Nelson and Lloyd
Schmidt filed an amended complaint purporting to be a class action in the United
States District Court for the District of
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Washington. The complaint was filed against American Government Income
Portfolio, Inc. ("AAF"), American Government Income Fund Inc. ("AGF"), American
Government Term Trust, Inc., American Strategic Income Portfolio Inc. ("ASP"),
American Strategic Income Portfolio Inc.-- II, American Strategic Income
Portfolio Inc. -- III ("CSP"), American Opportunity Income Fund Inc., American
Select Portfolio Inc., Piper Jaffray Companies Inc., the Distributor, the
Adviser and certain associated individuals. By Order filed October 5, 1995, the
complaints were consolidated. Plaintiffs filed a second amended complaint on
February 5, 1996 and a third amended complaint on June 4, 1996. The third
amended third complaint alleges generally that the prospectus and financial
statements of each investment company were false and misleading. Specific
violations of various federal securities laws are alleged with respect to each
investment company. The complaint also alleges that the defendants violated
the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act, the Washington State
Securities Act and the Washington Consumer Protection Act. The named
plaintiffs and defendants have executed a Settlement Agreement and the Court
has granted preliminary approval of such Settlement Agreement. The Final Order
of Judgment is under advisement pending a decision on the motion for an award
of attorneys' fees. The Settlement Agreement provides $15.5 million to class
members in payments by Piper Jaffray Companies Inc. and the Adviser over the
next four years. The settlement also includes an agreement that each of OIF,
AAF, and AGF would offer to repurchase up to 25% of their outstanding shares
from current shareholders at net asset value. If the discounts between net
asset value and market price of these funds do not decrease to 5% or less
within approximately two years after the effective date of the settlement, the
fund boards may submit shareholder proposals to convert these funds to an
open-end format. Finally, the agreement stipulates that each of ASP, BSP, CSP
and SLA would offer to repurchase up to 10% of their outstanding shares from
current shareholders at net asset value.
Four additional complaints are pending which involve the funds named as
defendants in the Nelson/Christian Fellowship Consolidated Action and are based
on claims similar to that action. The first additional complaint was filed
against the Distributor and Richard Tallent in Montana State District Court,
Silver Bow County on November1, 1995 by plaintiff John Darlington. The second
complaint was filed against the Distributor and Richard Tallent on April11, 1996
in Montana State District Court, Silver Bow County by plaintiff Kenneth
Schneider. The third complaint was filed against the Distributor and Richard
Tallent on April11, 1996 in Montana State District Court, Silver Bow County by
plaintiff Margaret Nagel. The fourth complaint was filed against the
Distributor on August 7, 1996 by plaintiff Kenneth Gennerman as Trustee of the
Nicole Bowlin Trust in Wisconsin Circuit Court, Waukesha County. In addition to
the above complaints, a number of arbitrations have been commenced by individual
investors in the funds named as defendants in the Nelson/Christian Fellowship
Consolidated Action.
Complaints have also been filed relating to two open-end funds for which
the Adviser has acted as sub-adviser, Managers Intermediate Mortgage Fund and
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Managers Short Government Fund. A complaint was filed on September26, 1994 in
the United States District Court, District of Connecticut, by Florence R. Hosea,
Bobby W. Hosea, Getrud B. Dale and Peter M. Dale, Andrew Poffel and Diane Poffel
as tenants by the Entireties, Myrone Sarone, Donna M. DiPalo, Bernard B. Geltner
and Gail Geltner and Paul Delman. The complaint was filed against The Managers
Funds, The Managers Funds, L.P., Robert P. Watson, the Adviser, the Distributor,
an individual associated with the Adviser, Evaluation Associates, Inc. and
Managers Intermediate Mortgage Fund. The complaint, which is a putative class
action, alleges certain violations of federal securities laws, including the
making of false and misleading statements in the prospectus, and alleges
negligent misrepresentation, breach of fiduciary duty and common law fraud. A
similar complaint was filed as a putative class action in the same court on
November 4, 1994. The complaint was filed by Karen E. Kopelman against The
Managers Fund, The Managers Funds, L.P., Robert P. Watson, the Adviser, the
Distributor, Worth Bruntjen, Evaluation Associates, Inc. and Managers
Intermediate Mortgage Fund. The two putative class actions were consolidated by
court order on December 13, 1994. Plaintiffs filed an Amended and Restated
Complaint on July 19, 1995. A complaint relating to the Managers Short
Government Fund was filed on November18, 1994 in the United States District
Court, District of Minnesota. The complaint was filed by Robert Fleck as a
putative class action against The Managers Funds, The Managers Funds, L.P., the
Adviser, the Distributor, Worth Bruntjen, Evaluation Associates, Inc., Robert P.
Watson, John E. Rosati, William M. Graulty, Madeline H. McWhinney, Steven J.
Pasggioli, Thomas R. Schneeweis and Managers Short Government Fund, F/K/A/
Managers Short Government Income Fund. The complaint alleges certain violations
of federal securities laws, including the making of false and misleading
statements in the prospectus, and negligent misrepresentation. The named
plaintiff and defendants have entered into a Settlement Agreement. If granted
final approval by the Court, the settlement agreement will provide to class
members up to a total of $1.5 million collectively from The Managers Funds, L.P.
and the Adviser on the effective date of the settlement. A third complaint
relating to both the Managers Intermediate Mortgage Fund and the Managers Short
Government Fund was filed on October 26, 1995 in Connecticut State Superior
Court, Stamford/Norwalk District. The complaint was filed by First Commercial
Trust Company, N.A. against the Managers Funds, Managers Short Government Fund,
Managers Intermediate Mortgage Fund, Managers Short and Intermediate Bond Fund,
The Managers Funds, L.P., EAIMC Holdings Corporation, Evaluation Associates
Holding Corporation, EAI Partners, L.P., Evaluation Associates, Inc., Robert P.
Watson, William W. Graulty, Madeline H. McWhinney, Steven J. Paggioli, Thomas R.
Schneeweis, William J. Crerend, the Adviser, Piper Jaffray Companies Inc., Worth
Bruntjen, Standish, Ayer & Wood, Inc., TCW Funds Managements, Inc., and TCW
Management Company. The complaint alleges claims under Connecticut common law
and violation of the Connecticut Securities Act and the Connecticut Unfair and
Deceptive Trade Practices Act.
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The Adviser and Distributor do not believe that the settlements described
above, or any of the above lawsuits and arbitrations, will have a material
adverse effect upon their ability to perform under their agreements with the
Company, and they intend to defend the remaining lawsuits vigorously.
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APPENDIX A
RATINGS OF TAX-EXEMPT
SECURITIES AND COMMERCIAL PAPER
The four highest ratings of Moody's Investors Service, Inc. ("Moody's") for
tax exempt securities are Aaa, Aa, A and Baa. Tax exempt securities rated Aaa
are judged to be of the "best quality." The rating of Aa is assigned to tax
exempt securities which are of "high quality by all standards," but as to which
margins of protection or other elements make long term risks appear somewhat
larger than Aaa rated tax exempt securities. The Aaa and Aa rated tax exempt
securities comprise what are generally known as "high grade bonds." Tax exempt
securities which are rated A by Moody's possess many favorable investment
attributes and are considered "upper medium grade obligations." Factors giving
security to principal and interest of A rated tax exempt securities are
considered adequate, but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility
to impairment sometime in the future. Tax exempt securities rated Baa are
considered as "medium grade" obligations. They are neither highly protected
nor poorly secured. Interest payments and principal security appear adequate
for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be
characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such tax exempt
securities lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have
speculative characteristics as well. Those securities in the A and Baa groups
which Moody's believes possess the strongest investment attributes are
designated by the symbols A 1 and Baa 1. Other A and Baa securities comprise
the balance of their respective groups. These rankings (1) designate the
securities which offer the maximum in security within their quality group, (2)
designate securities which can be bought for possible upgrading in quality and
(3) additionally afford the investor an opportunity to gauge more precisely the
relative attractiveness of offerings in the market place.
Moody's ratings for state and municipal notes and other short-term loans
are designated Moody's Investment Grade (MIG). This distinction is in
recognition of the differences between short-term credit risk and long-term
risk. Factors affecting the liquidity of the borrower and short-term cyclical
elements are critical in short-term ratings, while other factors of major
importance in bond risk may be less important over the short run. A short-term
rating may also be assigned on an issue having a demand feature. Such ratings
will be designated as VMIG if the demand feature is rated. Short-term ratings
on issues with demand features are differentiated to reflect such
characteristics as payment upon periodic demand rather than fixed maturity dates
and payment relying on external liquidity. Loans bearing the MIG-1 or VMIG-1
designation are of the best quality, enjoying strong protection from established
cash flows of funds for their servicing or from established and broad-based
access to the market for refinancing, or both. Loans bearing the MIG-2 or
VMIG-2 designation are of high quality, with margins of protection ample
although not so large as in the preceding group. Loans bearing the MIG-3 or
VMIG-3 and MIG-4 or VMIG-4 designations are of lower quality.
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The four highest ratings of Standard & Poor's Ratings Services ("Standard &
Poor's") for tax exempt securities are AAA, AA, A and BBB. Tax exempt
securities rated AAA bear the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor's to a
debt obligation and indicates an extremely strong capacity to pay principal and
interest. Tax exempt securities rated AA also qualify as high-quality debt
obligations. Capacity to pay principal and interest is very strong, and in the
majority of instances they differ from AAA issues only in small degree.
Securities rated A have a strong capacity to pay principal and interest,
although they are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in
circumstances and economic conditions. The BBB rating, which is the lowest
"investment grade" security rating by Standard & Poor's, indicates an adequate
capacity to pay principal and interest. Whereas they normally exhibit adequate
protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are
more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay principal and interest for
securities in this category than for securities in the A category.
A Standard & Poor's note rating reflects the liquidity concerns and market
access risks unique to notes. Notes due in three years or less will likely
receive a note rating. Notes maturing beyond three years will most likely
receive a long-term debt rating. The designation SP-1 indicates a very strong
or strong capacity to pay principal and interest. The designation SP-2
indicates a satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest.
Commercial paper ratings are graded by Standard & Poor's into four
categories, ranging from "A" for the highest quality obligations to "D" for the
lowest. Issues assigned the A rating are regarded as having the greatest
capacity for timely payment. Issues in this category are further refined with
designation 1, 2, and 3 to indicate the relative degree of safety. The "A-1"
designation indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely payment is very
strong. Those issues determined to possess overwhelming safety characteristics
will be denoted with a plus sign designation. The "A-2" designation indicates
that the degree of safety regarding timely payment is strong.
Moody's commercial paper ratings are opinions of the ability of the issuers
to repay punctually promissory obligations not having an original maturity in
excess of nine months. Moody's makes no representation that such obligations
are exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, nor does it
represent that any specific note is a valid obligation of a rated issuer or
issued in conformity with any applicable law. Moody's employs the following
three designations, all judged to be investment grade, to indicate the relative
repayment capacity of rated issuers:
Prime-1 Superior capacity for repayment of short-term promissory
obligations.
Prime-2 Strong capacity for repayment of short-term promissory
obligations.
A-2
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Prime-3 Acceptable capacity for repayment of short-term promissory
obligations.
A-3
<PAGE>
APPENDIX B
FUTURES CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS
FUTURES CONTRACTS
Each Fund may purchase and sell interest rate futures contracts and options
thereon. An interest rate futures contract creates an obligation on the part of
the seller (the "short") to deliver, and an offsetting obligation on the part of
the purchaser (the "long") to accept delivery of, the type of financial
instrument called for in the contract in a specified delivery month for a stated
price. A majority of transactions in interest rate futures contracts, however,
do not result in the actual delivery of the underlying instrument, but are
settled through liquidation, i.e., by entering into an offsetting transaction.
The futures contracts to be traded by the Fund are traded only on commodity
exchanges--known as "contract markets"--approved for such trading by the
Commodity Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC"), and must be executed through a
futures commission merchant, or brokerage firm, which is a member of the
relevant contract market. These contract markets, through their clearing
corporations, guarantee that the contracts will be performed. Presently,
interest rate futures contracts are based on such debt securities as long-term
U.S. Treasury Bonds, Treasury Notes, Government National Mortgage Association
modified pass-through mortgage-backed securities, three-month U.S. Treasury
Bills and bank certificates of deposit.
Although most interest rate futures contracts by their terms call for
actual delivery or acceptance of commodities or securities, in most cases the
contracts are closed out before the settlement date without the making or taking
of delivery. Closing out a short position is effected by purchasing a futures
contract for the same aggregate amount of the specific type of financial
instrument or commodity and the same delivery month. If the price of the
initial sale of the futures contract exceeds the price of the offsetting
purchase, the seller is paid the difference and realizes a gain. Conversely, if
the price of the offsetting purchase exceeds the price of the initial sale, the
trader realizes a loss. Similarly, the closing out of a long position is
effected by the purchaser entering into a futures contract sale. If the
offsetting sale price exceeds the purchase price, the purchaser realizes a gain,
and if the purchase price exceeds the offsetting sale price, he realizes a loss.
The purchase or sale of a futures contract differs from the purchase or
sale of a security, in that no price or premium is paid or received. Instead,
an amount of cash or securities acceptable to the Adviser and the relevant
contract market, which varies, but is generally about 5% of the contract amount,
must be deposited with the custodian in the name of the broker. This amount is
known as "initial margin," and represents a "good faith" deposit assuring the
performance of both the purchaser and the seller under the futures contract.
Subsequent payments to and from the broker, known as "variation margin," are
required to be made on a daily basis as the price of the futures contract
fluctuates, making the long or short positions in the futures contract more or
less valuable, a process known as "marking
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to the market." Prior to the settlement date of the futures contract, the
position may be closed out by taking an opposite position which will operate to
terminate the position in the futures contract. A final determination of
variation margin is then made, additional cash is required to be paid to or
released by the broker, and the purchaser realizes a loss or gain. In
addition, a commission is paid on each completed purchase and sale transaction.
Each Fund also may purchase and sell futures contracts on an index of
municipal securities. These instruments provide for the purchase or sale of a
hypothetical portfolio of municipal bonds at a fixed price in a stated delivery
month. Unlike most other futures contracts, however, a municipal bond index
futures contract does not require actual delivery of securities, but results in
a cash settlement based upon the difference in value of the index between the
time the contract was entered into and the time it is liquidated.
The municipal bond index underlying these futures contracts is The Bond
Buyer Municipal Bond Index, developed by The Bond Buyer and the Chicago Board
of Trade ("CBT"), the contract market on which the futures contracts are
traded. The index is comprised of 40 tax-exempt term municipal revenue and
general obligation bonds. Each bond included in the index must be rated A- or
higher by Standard and Poor's or A or higher by Moody's and must have a
remaining maturity of 19 years or more. Twice a month new issues satisfying
the eligibility requirements are added to, and an equal number of old issues
are deleted from, the index. The value of the index is computed daily
according to a formula based upon the price of each bond in the index, as
evaluated by four dealer-to-dealer brokers.
The municipal bond index futures contract is traded only on the CBT. Like
other contract markets, the CBT assures performance under futures contracts
through a clearing corporation, a nonprofit organization managed by the exchange
membership which is also responsible for handling daily accounting of deposits
or withdrawals of margin.
The purpose of the acquisition or sale of futures contracts by the Funds,
as holders of long-term municipal securities, is to hedge against fluctuations
in rates on such securities without actually buying or selling long-term
municipal securities. For example, if a Fund owns long-term bonds and interest
rates are expected to increase, the Fund might sell futures contracts. Such a
sale would have much the same effect as selling some of the long-term bonds in
the Fund's portfolio. If interest rates increase as anticipated by the Adviser,
the value of certain long-term securities in the portfolio would decline, but
the value of the Fund's futures contracts would increase at approximately the
same rate, thereby keeping the net asset value of the Fund from declining as
much as it otherwise would have. Of course, since the value of the securities
in each Fund's portfolio will far exceed the value of the futures contracts sold
by such Fund, an increase in the value of the futures contracts could only
mitigate--but not totally offset--the decline in the value of the portfolio.
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Similarly, when it is expected that interest rates may decline, futures
contracts could be purchased to hedge against a Fund's anticipated purchases of
long-term bonds at higher prices. Since the rate of fluctuation in the value of
futures contracts should be similar to that of long-term bonds, the Fund could
take advantage of the anticipated rise in the value of long-term bonds without
actually buying them until the market had stabilized. At that time, the futures
contracts could be liquidated and the Fund's cash could then be used to buy
long-term bonds on the cash market. The Fund could accomplish similar results
by selling bonds with long maturities and investing in bonds with short
maturities when interest rates are expected to increase or by buying bonds with
long maturities and selling bonds with short maturities when interest rates are
expected to decline. However, in circumstances when the market for bonds may
not be as liquid as that for futures contracts, the ability to invest in such
contracts could enable a Fund to react more quickly to anticipated changes in
market conditions or interest rates.
OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS
The Funds may purchase and sell put and call options on interest rate and
municipal bond index futures contracts which are traded on a United States
exchange or board of trade as a hedge against changes in interest rates, and
will enter into closing transactions with respect to such options to terminate
existing positions. Options on interest rate futures contracts are currently
available with respect to Treasury bonds (direct obligations of the U.S.
Treasury which generally have maturities of greater than ten years). An options
contract based on the municipal bond index futures contract discussed above was
introduced on the CBT in June 1987. An option on a futures contract, as
contrasted with the direct investment in such a contract, gives the purchaser
the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in a futures
contract at a specified exercise price at any time prior to the expiration date
of the option. Options on futures contracts are similar to options on
securities, which give the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid,
to purchase or sell securities. A call option gives the purchaser of such
option the right to buy, and obliges its writer to sell, a specified underlying
futures contract at a stated exercise price at any time prior to the expiration
date of the option. A purchaser of a put option has the right to sell, and the
writer has the obligation to buy, such contract at the exercise price during the
option period. Upon exercise of an option, the delivery of the futures position
by the writer of the option to the holder of the option will be accompanied by
delivery of the accumulated balance in the writer's futures margin account,
which represents the amount by which the market price of the futures contract
exceeds, in the case of a call, or is less than, in the case of a put, the
exercise price of the option on the futures contract. If an option is exercised
on the last trading day prior to the expiration date of the option, the
settlement will be made entirely in cash equal to the difference between the
exercise price of the option and the closing price of the interest rate futures
contract on the expiration date. The potential loss related to the purchase of
an option on a futures contract is limited to the premium paid for the option
(plus transaction costs). Because the value of the option is fixed at the point
of sale, there are no daily cash
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payments to reflect changes in the value of the underlying contract; however,
the value of the option does change daily and that change would be reflected in
the net asset values of the Funds. In connection with the writing of options
on futures contracts, a Fund will make initial margin deposits and make or
receive maintenance margin payments that reflect changes in the market value of
such options. Premiums received from the writing of an option are included in
initial margin deposits.
PURCHASE OF PUT OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. A Fund will purchase put
options on futures contracts if the Adviser anticipates a rise in interest
rates. Because the value of an interest rate or municipal bond index futures
contract moves inversely in relation to changes in interest rates, a put option
on such a contract becomes more valuable as interest rates rise. By purchasing
put options on futures contracts at a time when the Adviser expects interest
rates to rise, a Fund will seek to realize a profit to offset the loss in value
of its portfolio securities.
PURCHASE OF CALL OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. A Fund will purchase call
options on futures contracts if the Adviser anticipates a decline in interest
rates. The purchase of a call option on an interest rate or municipal bond
index futures contract represents a means of obtaining temporary exposure to
market appreciation at limited risk. Because the value of an interest rate or
municipal bond index futures contract moves inversely in relation to changes to
interest rates, a call option on such a contract becomes more valuable as
interest rates decline. A Fund will purchase a call option on a futures
contract to hedge against a decline in interest rates in a market advance when
the Fund is holding cash. The Fund can take advantage of the anticipated rise
in the value of long-term securities without actually buying them until the
market is stabilized. At that time, the options can be liquidated and the
Fund's cash can be used to buy long-term securities.
WRITING CALL OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. A Fund will write call options
on futures contracts if the Adviser anticipates a rise in interest rates. As
interest rates rise, a call option on such a contract becomes less valuable. If
the futures contract price at expiration of the option is below the exercise
price, the option will not be exercised and the Fund will retain the full amount
of the option premium. Such amount provides a partial hedge against any decline
that may have occurred in the Fund's portfolio securities.
WRITING PUT OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. A Fund will write put options on
futures contracts if the Adviser anticipates a decline in interest rates. As
interest rates decline, a put option on an interest rate or municipal bond index
futures contract becomes less valuable. If the futures contract price at
expiration of the option has risen due to declining interest rates and is above
the exercise price, the option will not be exercised and the Fund will retain
the full amount of the option premium. Such amount can then be used by the Fund
to buy long-term securities when the market has stabilized.
B-4
<PAGE>
RISKS OF TRANSACTIONS IN FUTURES CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS
HEDGING RISKS IN FUTURES CONTRACTS TRANSACTIONS. There are several risks
in using municipal bond index or interest rate futures contracts as hedging
devices. One risk arises because the prices of futures contracts may not
correlate perfectly with movements in the underlying municipal bond index or
fixed-income security due to certain market distortions. First, all
participants in the futures market are subject to initial margin and variation
margin requirements. Rather than making additional variation margin payments,
investors may close the contracts through offsetting transactions which could
distort the normal relationship between the index or security and the futures
market. Second, the margin requirements in the futures market are lower than
margin requirements in the securities market, and as a result the futures market
may attract more speculators than does the securities market. Increased
participation by speculators in the futures market may also cause temporary
price distortions. Because of possible price distortion in the futures market
and because of imperfect correlation between movements in the municipal bond
index or securities and movements in the prices of futures contracts, even a
correct forecast of general market trends may not result in a successful hedging
transaction over a very short period.
Another risk arises because of imperfect correlation between movements in
the value of the futures contracts and movements in the value of securities
subject to the hedge. For example, there can be no assurance that there will be
a correlation between movements in the price of the municipal bond index and
movements in the price of the municipal bonds which are the subject of the
hedge. The degree of imperfection or correlation depends upon, among other
things, the differences between the municipal securities being hedged and the
municipal securities underlying the municipal bond index futures contracts. For
example, each bond included in the municipal bond index must have a remaining
maturity of 19 years or more, whereas each Fund's portfolio probably will be
comprised of securities with an average aggregate maturity of less than 19
years. This risk of an imperfect correlation increases to the extent that
either Fund enters into futures contracts for other than municipal bonds since
the value of municipal bonds and other debt securities may not react exactly the
same to general changes in interest rates and may react differently to factors
other than changes in the general level of interest rates.
Successful use of futures contracts by a Fund is subject to the ability of
the Adviser to predict correctly movements in the direction of interest rates.
If a Fund has hedged against the possibility of an increase in interest rates
adversely affecting the value of fixed-income securities held in its portfolio
and interest rates decrease instead, the Fund will lose part or all of the
benefit of the increased value of its security which it has hedged because it
will have offsetting losses in its futures positions. In addition, in such
situations, if the Fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell securities to
meet daily variation margin requirements. Such sales of securities may, but
will not necessarily, be at increased prices which reflect the
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<PAGE>
decline in interest rates. The Fund may have to sell securities at a time when
it may be disadvantageous to do so.
LIQUIDITY OF FUTURES CONTRACTS. A Fund may elect to close some or all of
its contracts prior to expiration. The purpose of making such a move would be
to reduce or eliminate the hedge position held by the Fund. A Fund may close
its positions by taking opposite positions. Final determinations of variation
margin are then made, additional cash as required is paid by or to the Fund, and
the Fund realizes a loss or a gain.
Positions in futures contracts may be closed only on an exchange or board
of trade providing a secondary market for such futures contracts. Although the
Funds intend to enter into futures contracts only on exchanges or boards of
trade where there appears to be an active secondary market, there is no
assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular contract
at any particular time. The purchase of municipal bond index futures contracts
involves an additional risk since these are instruments with a relatively short
trading history. As a result, it is possible that trading in such futures
contracts will be less liquid than that in other futures contracts.
In addition, most domestic futures exchanges and boards of trade limit the
amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single
trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a
futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day's settlement
price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in
a particular contract, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond that
limit. The daily limit governs only price movement during a particular trading
day and therefore does not limit potential losses because the limit may prevent
the liquidation of unfavorable positions. It is possible that futures contract
prices could move to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with
little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions
and subjecting some futures traders to substantial losses. In such event, it
will not be possible to close a futures position and, in the event of adverse
price movements, the Fund would be required to make daily cash payments of
variation margin. In such circumstances, an increase in the value of the
portion of the portfolio being hedged, if any, may partially or completely
offset losses on the futures contract. However, as described above, there is no
guarantee that the price of the securities being hedged will, in fact, correlate
with the price movements in the futures contract and thus provide an offset to
losses on a futures contract.
RISKS OF OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. The use of options on futures
contracts also involves certain risks. Compared to the purchase or sale of
futures contracts, the purchase of call or put options on futures contracts
involves less potential risk to a Fund because the maximum amount at risk is the
premium paid for the options (plus transactions costs). The writing of a call
option on a futures contract generates a premium which may partially offset a
decline in the value of a
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<PAGE>
Fund's portfolio assets. By writing a call option, the Fund becomes obligated
to sell a futures contract, which may have a value higher than the exercise
price. Conversely, the writing of a put option on a futures contract generates
a premium, but the Fund becomes obligated to purchase a futures contract, which
may have a value lower than the exercise price. Thus, the loss incurred by a
Fund in writing options on futures contracts may exceed the amount of the
premium received.
The effective use of options strategies is dependent, among other things,
on a Fund's ability to terminate options positions at a time when the Adviser
deems it desirable to do so. Although a Fund will enter into an option position
only if the Adviser believes that a liquid secondary market exists for such
option, there is no assurance that the Fund will be able to effect closing
transactions at any particular time or at an acceptable price. The Funds'
transactions involving options on futures contracts will be conducted only on
recognized exchanges.
A Fund's purchase or sale of put or call options on futures contracts will
be based upon predictions as to anticipated interest rates by the Adviser, which
could prove to be inaccurate. Even if the expectations of the Adviser are
correct, there may be an imperfect correlation between the change in the value
of the options and of the Fund's portfolio securities.
REGULATORY MATTERS
To the extent required to comply with applicable Securities and Exchange
Commission releases and staff positions, when entering into futures contracts,
the Fund will maintain, in a segregated account, cash or liquid high-grade debt
securities equal to the value of such contracts.
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the "CFTC"), a Federal agency,
regulates trading activity on the exchanges pursuant to the Commodity Exchange
Act, as amended. The CFTC requires the registration of "commodity pool
operators," defined as any person engaged in a business which is of the nature
of an Company, syndicate, or a similar form of enterprise, and who, in
connection therewith, solicits, accepts, or receives from others, funds,
securities, or property for the purpose of trading in any commodity for future
delivery on or subject to the rules of any contract market. The CFTC has
adopted Rule 4.5, which provides an exclusion from the definition of commodity
pool operator for any registered investment company which meets the requirements
of the Rule. Rule 4.5 requires, among other things, that an investment company
wishing to avoid commodity pool operator status use futures and options
positions only (a) for "bona fide hedging purposes" (as defined in CFTC
regulations) or (b) for other purposes so long as aggregate initial margins and
premiums required in connection with non-hedging positions do not exceed 5% of
the liquidation value of the investment company's portfolio.
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<PAGE>
Any investment company wishing to claim the exclusion provided in Rule 4.5 must
file a notice of eligibility with both the CFTC and the National Futures
Association. Both Funds intend to file such a notice and to meet the
requirements of Rule 4.5, or such other requirements as the CFTC or its staff
may from time to time issue, in order to render registration as a commodity pool
operator unnecessary.
B-8
<PAGE>
PART B
MONEY MARKET FUND
U.S. GOVERNMENT MONEY MARKET FUND
TAX-EXEMPT MONEY MARKET FUND
Series of Piper Funds Inc.
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
November __, 1997
Table of Contents
Page
- ----
Investment Policies and Restrictions
Directors and Executive Officers
Investment Advisory and Other Services
Portfolio Transactions and Allocation of Brokerage
Capital Stock and Ownership of Shares
Net Asset Value and Public Offering Price
Performance Comparisons
Redemption of Shares
Taxation
General Information
Financial Statements
Pending Litigation
Appendix A - Ratings A-1
This Statement of Additional Information is not a prospectus. This
Statement of Additional Information relates to the Prospectus dated November __,
1997, and should be read in conjunction therewith. A copy of the Prospectus may
be obtained from the Funds at Piper Jaffray Tower, 222 South Ninth Street,
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402.
<PAGE>
INVESTMENT POLICIES AND RESTRICTIONS
The shares of Piper Funds Inc. (the "Company") are currently offered in 12
series. This Statement of Additional Information relates to three of those
series, Money Market Fund, U.S. Government Money Market Fund and Tax-Exempt
Money Market Fund (sometimes referred to herein as a "Fund" or, collectively, as
the "Funds"). Piper Capital Management Incorporated (the "Adviser") acts as the
investment adviser to the Funds. The investment objectives and policies of the
Funds are set forth in the Prospectus. Certain additional investment
information is set forth below.
RULE 2a-7. Each Fund is subject to the investment restrictions of Rule
2a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act"), in
addition to its other policies and restrictions. Rule 2a-7 requires that each
of the Funds invest exclusively in securities that mature within 397 days and
that each maintain an average weighted maturity of not more than 90 days. Rule
2a-7 also requires that all investments by the Funds be limited to United States
dollar-denominated investments that (a) present "minimal credit risks" and (b)
are at the time of acquisition "Eligible Securities." Eligible Securities
include, among others, (i) securities that are rated by two Nationally
Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations ("NRSROs") in one of the two highest
categories for short-term debt obligations, such as A-1 or A-2 by Standard &
Poor's Ratings Services or P-1 or P-2 by Moody's Investors Service, Inc., (ii)
securities that at the time of issuance were long-term securities but that have
remaining maturities of 397 calendar days or less, provided the issuer has
comparable outstanding short-term debt rated in one of the two highest
categories, and (iii) unrated securities of comparable quality. See Appendix A
to this Statement of Additional Information for an explanation of the ratings
issued by NRSROs. It is the responsibility of the Adviser to determine that the
Funds' investments present only "minimum credit risks" and are Eligible
Securities, pursuant to the oversight of, and written guidelines and procedures
established by, the Company's Board of Directors.
Under Rule 2a-7, no more than 5% of the assets of non-tax-exempt money
funds (such as Money Market Fund and U.S. Government Money Market Fund) may be
invested in securities that are not First Tier Securities. (First Tier
Securities include, among others, securities rated by two NRSROs in the highest
category (such as A-1 and P-1)). In addition, a non-tax-exempt money fund (a)
may not invest (with certain limited exceptions) more than 5% of it total assets
in securities of a single issuer, other than U.S. Government securities and (b)
may not invest more than the greater of 1% of the fund's total assets or
$1,000,000 in Second Tier Securities of a single issuer. These requirements do
not apply to tax-exempt money funds such as Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund.
FOREIGN GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS. Money Market Fund (and Tax-Exempt Money
Market Fund, to the extent it invests in taxable obligations) may invest in U.S.
dollar denominated obligations issued or guaranteed by one or more foreign
governments or any of their political subdivisions, agencies or
instrumentalities that are determined by
<PAGE>
the Adviser to be of comparable quality to the other obligations in which the
Fund may invest. Such securities also include debt obligations of supranational
entities. Supranational entities include international organizations designated
or supported by governmental entities to promote economic reconstruction or
development and international banking institutions and related government
agencies. Examples include the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (the "World Bank"), the European Coal and Steel Community, the Asian
Development Bank and the InterAmerican Development Bank. The percentage of
Money Market Fund's assets invested in securities issued by foreign governments
will vary depending upon the relative yields of such securities, the economic
and financial markets of the countries in which the investments are made, and
the interest rate climate of such countries.
COMMERCIAL PAPER. Commercial paper in which Money Market Fund (and
Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund, to the extent it invests in taxable obligations)
invests includes variable amount master demand notes, which are demand
obligations that permit the investment of fluctuating amounts at varying market
rates of interest pursuant to arrangements between the issuer and a commercial
bank acting as agent for the payees of such notes, whereby both parties have the
right to vary the amount of the outstanding indebtedness on the notes. Money
Market Fund may also invest in asset-backed commercial paper. This type of
commercial paper is issued by an entity which does not have a corporate purpose
other than that of financing a specific asset or pool of assets with some common
characteristics. Assets include, for example, loans or retail and trade
receivables. Although payment of principal and interest on asset-backed
securities is generally dependent upon the cash flows generated by the assets
backing the securities, the asset-backed commercial paper purchased by Money
Market Fund will generally contain elements of credit support.
BANK OBLIGATIONS. Money Market Fund (and Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund, to
the extent it invests in taxable obligations) may invest in commercial paper,
certificates of deposit, bank notes, time deposits and bankers' acceptances
issued by domestic banks, foreign branches of domestic banks, foreign
subsidiaries of domestic banks, and domestic and foreign branches of foreign
banks. Certificates of deposit are certificates evidencing the obligation of a
bank to repay funds deposited with it for a specified period of time. Time
deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained in a banking institution for a
specified period of time at a stated interest rate. Time deposits are not
transferable and are therefore illiquid prior to their maturity. The Fund will
not invest more than 10% of its net assets in time deposits and other illiquid
securities. See "Investment Restrictions," below. Bankers' acceptances are
credit instruments evidencing the obligation of a bank to pay a draft drawn on
it by a customer. These instruments reflect the obligation both of the bank and
of the drawer to pay the face amount of the instrument upon maturity.
Certificates of deposit, bank notes, time deposits and bankers' acceptances
issued by foreign branches of domestic banks, foreign subsidiaries of domestic
banks and foreign branches of foreign banks will not benefit from insurance from
the Bank Insurance Fund or the Savings Association Insurance Fund administered
by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
<PAGE>
PARTICIPATION INTERESTS. Money Market Fund (and Tax-Exempt Money Market
Fund, to the extent it invests in taxable obligations) may purchase from banks
and securities dealers participation interests in securities in which the Fund
may invest. A participation interest gives the Fund an undivided interest in
the security in the proportion that the Fund's participation interest bears to
the total principal amount of the security. These instruments may have fixed,
floating or variable rates of interest, with remaining maturities of one year or
less. If the participation interest is unrated, or has been given a rating
below that which is permissible for purchase by the Fund, the participation
interest will be backed by an irrevocable letter of credit or guarantee of a
bank, or the payment obligation otherwise will be collateralized by U.S.
Government securities or, in the case of unrated participation interests, the
Adviser must have determined that the instrument is of comparable quality to
those instruments in which the Fund may invest. For certain participation
interests, the Fund will have the right to demand payment, on not more than
seven days' notice, for all or any part of the Fund's participation interest in
the security, plus accrued interest. As to these instruments, the Fund intends
to exercise its right to demand payment only upon a default under the terms of
the security, as needed to provide liquidity to meet redemptions, or to maintain
or improve the quality of its investment portfolio. The Fund will not invest
more than 10% of its net assets in participation interests that do not have this
demand feature and in other illiquid securities. See "Investment Restrictions,"
below.
CORPORATE DEBT. Money Market Fund (and Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund, to
the extent it invests in taxable obligations) may invest in nonconvertible
corporate debt securities of domestic and foreign entities (for example, bonds
and debentures) with no more than 397 calendar days remaining to maturity,
provided such obligations are Eligible Securities. Corporate debt securities
with a remaining maturity of 397 calendar days or less tend to be liquid and are
traded as money market securities. Such issues tend to have greater liquidity
and considerably less market value fluctuations than longer term issues.
U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES. Money Market Fund and U.S. Government Money
Market Fund (and Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund, to the extent it invests in
taxable obligations) may invest in U.S. Government securities, which are
obligations issued or guaranteed as to payment of principal and interest by the
U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities. These securities include
direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury, such as U.S. Treasury bills, notes and
bonds, and obligations of U.S. Government agencies or instrumentalities,
including, but not limited to, Federal Home Loan Banks, the Farmers Home
Administration, Federal Farm Credit Banks, the Federal National Mortgage
Association, the Government National Mortgage Association, the Federal Home Loan
Mortgage Corporation, the Financing Corporation and the Student Loan Marketing
Association. Obligations of U.S. Government agencies or instrumentalities are
backed in a variety of ways by the U.S. Government or its agencies or
instrumentalities. Some of these obligations, such as Government National
Mortgage Association mortgage-backed securities, are backed by the full and
<PAGE>
credit of the U.S. Treasury. Others, such as those of the Federal Home Loan
Banks, are backed by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury. Still
others, such as those issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association, are
backed by the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase certain
obligations of the agency or instrumentality. Finally, obligations of other
agencies or instrumentalities, such as the Student Loan Marketing Association,
are backed by the credit of the agency or instrumentality issuing the
obligations.
MUNICIPAL SECURITIES. Municipal securities include obligations issued by
or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the United States, the
District of Columbia and their political subdivisions, agencies or
instrumentalities. Municipal securities are issued to obtain funds for various
public purposes, including the construction or improvement of a wide range of
public facilities such as bridges, docks and wharves, highways, hospitals,
housing, jails, mass transportation, parks, public buildings, recreational
facilities, school facilities, streets, and water and sewer systems. Other
public purposes for which municipal securities may be issued include the
refunding of outstanding obligations, the anticipation of taxes or federal or
state grants or aids, the payment of judgments, community redevelopment,
district heating or cooling facilities, the purchase of street maintenance and
firefighting equipment, and any authorized corporate purpose of the issuer. In
addition, certain types of industrial development or private activity bonds have
been or may be issued by or on behalf of public corporations to finance publicly
owned and/or operated housing facilities, hospitals, nursing homes, air or water
pollution control facilities and certain local facilities for water supply, gas,
electricity or sewer or solid waste disposal. Other types of industrial
development or private activity bonds have been or may be issued, the proceeds
of which are used for the construction, equipment, repair or improvement of
privately owned and/or operated industrial, commercial or office facilities.
However, current federal income tax laws place substantial limitations on the
size and volume of such issues.
The two principal classifications of municipal securities are general
obligation securities and limited obligation (or revenue) securities. General
obligation securities are obligations involving the credit of an issuer which
are secured by its taxing power without limitation as to rate or amount and are
payable from the issuer's general unrestricted revenues and not from any
particular fund or revenue source. The characteristics and methods of
enforcement of general obligation securities vary according to the law
applicable to the particular issuer. Limited obligation securities are payable
only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or class of
facilities, from a specific limited tax or, in some cases, from the proceeds of
a specific revenue source, such as the user of the facility. Industrial
development or private activity bonds are in most cases limited obligation bonds
payable solely from specific revenues of the project to be financed, which are
pledged to their payment. The credit quality of industrial development or
private activity bonds is usually directly related to the credit standing of the
owner and/or user of the facilities financed (or the credit standing of a
third-party guarantor or other credit enhancement participant, if any).
<PAGE>
Municipal securities include municipal bonds, notes and commercial paper.
Municipal bonds are debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various public
purposes which have maturities at the time of issuance generally ranging from
one to 20 years or more. Municipal notes are short-term obligations, generally
with maturities ranging from six months to three years. Municipal notes include
grant anticipation notes, tax anticipation notes, revenue anticipation notes,
bond anticipation notes and construction loan notes. Municipal commercial paper
refers to short-term obligations with maturities of 365 days or less issued by
state and local governments to finance seasonal working capital needs or as
short-term financing in anticipation of longer-term financing.
From time to time, proposals have been introduced before Congress for the
purpose of restricting or eliminating the federal income tax exemption for
interest on municipal securities, some of which have been enacted. Additional
proposals may be introduced in the future which, if enacted, could affect the
availability of municipal securities for investment by Tax-Exempt Money Market
Fund and the value of the Fund's portfolio. In such event, the Fund may
discontinue the issuance of shares to new investors and it may reevaluate its
investment objective and policies and submit possible changes in the structure
of the Fund for the approval of its shareholders.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
Each Fund may invest in repurchase agreements with respect to the
securities in which it may invest. A repurchase agreement involves the purchase
by a Fund of securities with the condition that after a stated period of time
the original seller (a member bank of the Federal Reserve System or a recognized
securities dealer) will buy back the same securities ("collateral") at a
predetermined price or yield. Repurchase agreements involve certain risks not
associated with direct investments in securities. In the event the original
seller defaults on its obligation to repurchase, as a result of its bankruptcy
or otherwise, the Fund will seek to sell the collateral, which action could
involve costs or delays. In such case, the Fund's ability to dispose of the
collateral to recover such investment may be restricted or delayed. To the
extent proceeds from the sale of collateral were less than the repurchase price,
a Fund would suffer a loss. Repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven
days are considered illiquid and subject to each Fund's restriction on investing
in illiquid securities. Interest earned by a Fund from repurchase agreements
with respect to tax-exempt securities will not be treated for federal income tax
purposes as tax-exempt interest.
The Funds' custodian will hold the securities underlying any repurchase
agreement or such securities will be part of the Federal Reserve Book Entry
System. The market value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement
will be determined on each business day. If at any time the market value of the
collateral falls below the repurchase price of the repurchase agreement
(including any accrued interest), the respective Fund will promptly receive
additional collateral (so the total
<PAGE>
collateral is an amount at least equal to the repurchase price plus accrued
interest).
U.S. Government Money Market Fund will enter into repurchase agreements and
reverse repurchase agreements (see "--Reverse Repurchase Agreements" below) only
with the primary reporting dealers that report to the Federal Reserve Bank of
New York and with banks that are among the 100 largest United States commercial
banks.
The Funds have received from the Securities and Exchange Commission an
exemptive order permitting the Funds, along with the other series of the
Company, closed-end and other open-end investment companies currently managed by
the Adviser, and all future series of the Company and all future investment
companies advised by the Adviser or its affiliates, to deposit uninvested cash
balances into a large single joint account to be used to enter into one or more
large repurchase agreements.
REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
Each Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreement transactions with the
same parties with whom it may enter into repurchase agreements. However, the
Funds do not currently enter into or intend to enter into such transactions
during the coming year. Under a reverse repurchase agreement, a Fund sells
securities and agrees to repurchase them at a mutually agreed date and price.
Because certain of the incidents of ownership of the security are retained by
the Fund, reverse repurchase agreements are considered a form of borrowing by
the Fund from the buyer, collateralized by the security. At the time the Fund
enters into a reverse repurchase agreement, it will establish and maintain a
segregated account with an approved custodian containing liquid securities
having a value not less than the repurchase price (including accrued interest).
Reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the market value of the
securities retained in lieu of sale by the Fund may decline below the price of
the securities the Fund has sold but is obligated to repurchase. In the event
the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for
bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, such buyer or its trustee or receiver may
receive an extension of time to determine whether to enforce the Fund's
obligation to repurchase the securities and the Fund's use of the proceeds of
the reverse repurchase agreement may effectively be restricted pending such
decisions. Reverse repurchase agreements will be used as a means of borrowing
for investment purposes. This speculative technique is referred to as
leveraging. Leveraging may exaggerate the effect on net asset value of any
increase or decrease in the market value of a Fund's portfolio. Money borrowed
for leveraging will be subject to interest costs which may or may not be
recovered by income from or appreciation of the securities purchased. The Board
of Directors has established procedures, which are periodically reviewed by the
Board, pursuant to which the Adviser will monitor the creditworthiness of the
dealers and banks with which the Funds enter into reverse repurchase agreement
transactions.
WHEN-ISSUED AND FORWARD COMMITMENT SECURITIES
<PAGE>
Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund may purchase and sell municipal
securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis. When-issued and
forward commitment transactions arise when securities are purchased or sold with
payment and delivery beyond the regular settlement date. (When-issued
transactions normally settle within 30-45 days). On such transactions the
payment obligation and interest rate are fixed at the time the buyer enters into
the commitment. The commitment to purchase securities on a when-issued or
forward commitment basis may involve an element of risk because the value of the
securities is subject to market fluctuation. No interest accrues to the
purchaser prior to the settlement of the transaction and at the time of delivery
the market value may be less than cost. Although the Fund will only make
commitments to purchase such obligations with the intention of actually
acquiring the securities, the Fund may sell these securities before the
settlement date. If the Fund sells a when-issued or forward commitment security
before the settlement date, any gain or loss would not be exempt from federal
income tax. For purposes of Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund's investment policies,
the purchase of securities with a settlement date occurring on the Public
Securities Association approved settlement date is considered a normal delivery
and not a when-issued or forward commitment purchase.
When the Fund purchases securities on a when-issued or forward commitment
basis, it will maintain in a segregated account with its custodian cash or
liquid securities having an aggregate value equal to the amount of such purchase
commitments until payment is made; the Fund will likewise segregate securities
it sells on a forward commitment basis.
PUTS
To help assure appropriate liquidity, Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund may
acquire municipal securities which provide for the right to resell them to the
issuer, a bank or a broker-dealer at a specified price within a specified period
of time prior to the maturity date of such obligation. Such a right to resell,
which is commonly known as a "put," may be sold, transferred or assigned only
with the underlying security or securities. The Fund may pay a higher price for
a municipal security with a put than would be paid for the same security without
a put. The primary purpose of purchasing municipal securities with puts is to
permit the Fund to be as fully invested as practicable in municipal securities
while at the same time providing the Fund with appropriate liquidity.
Immediately after acquisition of any put, Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund will
not, with respect to 75% of the total amortized cost value of its assets, have
invested more than 5% of the total amortized cost value of its assets in
securities underlying puts from the same institution. An unconditional put,
which is a put that would be readily exercisable in the event of a default in
payment of principal or interest on the underlying security or securities, will
not be considered to be a put from that institution, provided that the amortized
cost value of all securities held by the Fund and issued or guaranteed by the
same institution does not exceed 10% of the total amortized cost value of the
Fund's assets. For the purposes of this paragraph, a put will be
<PAGE>
considered to be from the party to whom the Fund will look for payment of the
exercise price and an unconditional put will be considered to be a guarantee of
the underlying security or securities.
If an issuer, bank or broker-dealer should default on its obligation to
repurchase a security, Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund might be unable to recover
all or a portion of any loss sustained from having to sell the security
elsewhere. It will be the Fund's policy to enter into puts only with issuers,
banks or broker-dealers that are determined by the Adviser to present minimal
credit risks.
VARIABLE AND FLOATING RATE OBLIGATIONS
Certain of the obligations in which the Funds may invest may be variable or
floating rate obligations in which the interest rate is adjusted either at
predesignated periodic intervals (variable rate) or when there is a change in
the index rate of interest on which the interest rate payable on the obligation
is based (floating rate). Variable or floating rate obligations may include a
demand feature which is a put that entitles the holder to receive the principal
amount of the underlying security or securities and which may be exercised
either at any time on no more than 30 days' notice or at specified intervals not
exceeding 397 calendar days on no more than 30 days' notice. Variable or
floating rate instruments with a demand feature enable the Funds to purchase
instruments with a stated maturity in excess of 397 calendar days. The Funds
determine the maturity of variable or floating rate instruments in accordance
with Securities and Exchange Commission rules which allow the Fund to consider
certain of such instruments as having maturities that are less than the maturity
date on the face of the instrument.
ILLIQUID SECURITIES
As nonfundamental investment restrictions that may be changed at any time
without shareholder approval, no Fund will invest more than 10% of its net
assets in illiquid securities. A security is considered illiquid if it cannot
be sold in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately
the price at which it is valued. Illiquid securities may offer a higher yield
than securities which are more readily marketable, but they may not always be
marketable on advantageous terms.
The sale of illiquid securities often requires more time and results in
higher brokerage charges or dealer discounts and other selling expenses than
does the sale of securities eligible for trading on national securities
exchanges or in the over-the-counter markets. A Fund may be restricted in its
ability to sell such securities at a time when the Adviser deems it advisable to
do so. In addition, in order to meet redemption requests, a Fund may have to
sell other assets, rather than such illiquid securities, at a time which is not
advantageous.
"Restricted securities" are securities which were originally sold in
private
<PAGE>
placements and which have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933
(the "1933 Act"). Such securities generally have been considered illiquid,
since they may be resold only subject to statutory restrictions and delays or if
registered under the 1933 Act. In 1990, however, the SEC adopted Rule 144A
under the 1933 Act, which provides a safe harbor exemption from the registration
requirements of the 1933 Act for resales of restricted securities to "qualified
institutional buyers," as defined in the rule. The result of this rule has been
the development of a more liquid and efficient institutional resale market for
restricted securities. Thus, restricted securities are no longer necessarily
illiquid. The Funds may therefore invest in Rule 144A securities and treat them
as liquid when they have been determined to be liquid by the Board of Directors
of the Company or by the Adviser subject to the oversight of and pursuant to
procedures adopted by the Board of Directors. Under these procedures, factors
taken into account in determining the liquidity of a security include (a) the
frequency of trades and quotes for the security; (b) the number of dealers
willing to purchase or sell the security and the number of other potential
purchasers; (c) dealer undertakings to make a market in the security; and
(d) the nature of the security and the nature of the marketplace trades (e.g.,
the time needed to dispose of the security, the method of soliciting offers and
the mechanics of transfer). Similar determinations may be made with respect to
commercial paper issued in reliance on the so-called "private placement"
exemption from registration under Section 4(2) of the 1933 Act. Money Market
Fund currently invests a significant portion of its assets in this type of
commercial paper.
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
Each Fund, consistent with its investment objective, may attempt to
maximize yield through portfolio trading. This may involve selling portfolio
instruments and purchasing different instruments to take advantage of
disparities of yield in different segments of the high-grade money market or
among particular instruments within the same segment of the market. Since each
Fund's assets will be invested in securities with short maturities and the Funds
will manage their portfolios as described above, each Fund's portfolio will turn
over several times a year. However, this will not generally increase the Funds'
brokerage costs, since brokerage commissions as such are not usually paid in
connection with the purchase or sale of the instruments in which the Funds
invest.
Portfolio turnover is the ratio of the lesser of annual purchases or sales
of portfolio securities to the average monthly value of portfolio securities,
not including securities maturing in less than 12 months. A 100% portfolio
turnover rate would occur, for example, if the lesser of the value of purchases
or sales of portfolio securities for a particular year were equal to the average
monthly value of the portfolio securities owned during such year. Because
securities with maturities of less than one year are excluded from required
portfolio turnover rate calculations, the portfolio turnover rate for each Fund
will generally be insignificant.
<PAGE>
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
In addition to the investment objectives and policies set forth in the
Prospectus, each Fund is subject to certain fundamental and nonfundamental
investment restrictions, as set forth below. Fundamental investment
restrictions may not be changed without the vote of a majority of a Fund's
outstanding shares. "Majority," as used in the Prospectus and in this Statement
of Additional Information, means the lesser of (a) 67% of a Fund's outstanding
shares present at a meeting of the holders if more than 50% of the outstanding
shares are present in person or by proxy or (b) more than 50% of a Fund's
outstanding shares.
As fundamental investment restrictions, no Fund will:
1. Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in the securities
of issuers conducting their principal business activities in any one industry.
This restriction does not apply to securities of the U.S. Government or its
agencies and instrumentalities and repurchase agreements relating thereto, or to
municipal securities. In addition, this restriction does not apply to
obligations of United States banks, domestic branches thereof and United States
branches of foreign banks subject to United States regulation. The various
types of utilities companies, such as gas, electric, telephone, telegraph,
satellite and microwave communications companies, are considered as separate
industries.
2. Issue any senior securities, as defined in the Investment Company Act
of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act"), other than as set forth in restriction
number 3 below and except to the extent that purchasing or selling securities on
a when-issued or delayed delivery basis may be deemed to constitute issuing a
senior security.
3. Borrow money (provided that the Funds may enter into reverse repurchase
agreements) except from banks for temporary or emergency purposes. Each Fund
may borrow money in an amount up to one-third of the value of its total assets
in order to meet redemption requests without immediately selling any money
market instruments. If, for any reason, the current value of a Fund's total
assets falls below an amount equal to three times the amount of its indebtedness
from money borrowed, such Fund will, within three business days, reduce its
indebtedness to the extent necessary. To do this, a Fund may have to sell a
portion of its investments at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so.
With respect to each of the Funds, interest paid on borrowed funds will decrease
the net earnings of the Fund. None of the Funds will purchase portfolio
securities while outstanding borrowing exceeds 5% of the value of the Fund's
total assets. None of the Funds will borrow money for leverage purposes
(provided that the Funds may enter into reverse repurchase agreements for such
purposes).
4. Mortgage, pledge or hypothecate its assets except in an amount not
exceeding 10%, with respect to Money Market Fund and U.S. Government Money
<PAGE>
Market Fund, and 20% with respect to Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund, of the value
of their total assets to secure temporary or emergency borrowing.
5. Purchase or sell commodities or commodity futures contracts.
6. Purchase or sell real estate or real estate mortgage loans, except that
the Funds may invest in securities secured by real estate or interests therein
or issued by companies that invest in real estate or interests therein.
7. Act as an underwriter of securities of other issuers, except insofar as
each Fund may be technically deemed an underwriter under the federal securities
laws in connection with the disposition of portfolio securities.
As nonfundamental investment restrictions that may be changed at any time
without shareholder approval, no Fund will:
1. Invest more than 10% of its net assets in illiquid securities.
2. Invest in warrants.
3. Make short sales of securities.
4. Purchase any securities on margin except to obtain such short-term
credits as may be necessary for the clearance of transactions.
5. Invest in foreign securities, except as follows: (a) Money Market
Fund may invest without limit in foreign securities, subject to the requirements
of Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act, and (b) Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund may invest up
to 5% of its total assets in foreign securities. For purposes of this
investment limitation, securities of foreign issuers which are guaranteed as to
payment of principal and interest by the U.S. Government or its agencies or
instrumentalities are not considered foreign securities.
6. Loan portfolio securities.
The identification of the issuer of a municipal security depends on the
terms and conditions of the obligation. If the assets and revenues of an
agency, authority, instrumentality or other political subdivision are separate
from those of the government creating the subdivision, and the obligation is
backed only by the assets and revenues of the subdivision, such subdivision will
be regarded as the sole issuer. Similarly, in the case of a nongovernmental
user, such as an industrial corporation or a privately owned or operated
hospital, if the security is backed only by the assets and revenues of the
nongovernmental user then such nongovernmental user will be deemed to be the
sole issuer. If in either case the creating government or another entity
guarantees an obligation, and the value of all securities issued or guaranteed
by the guarantor and
<PAGE>
owned by a Fund exceeds 10% of the value of such Fund's total assets, the
guarantee will be regarded as a separate security and treated as an issue of
such government or entity.
Any investment restriction or limitation referred to above or in the
Prospectus, except the borrowing policy, which involves a maximum percentage of
securities or assets shall not be considered to be violated unless an excess
over the percentage occurs immediately after an acquisition of securities or
utilization of assets and such excess results therefrom.
DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The directors and officers of the Company and their principal occupations
during the past five years are set forth below. Unless otherwise indicated, all
positions have been held for more than five years. The Company's directors and
officers also serves as a director or officer of various closed-end and open-end
investment companies managed by the Adviser.
Name, Address and (Age) Position with the Company
----------------------- -------------------------
William H. Ellis* (54) Chairman of the Board of Directors
Piper Jaffray Tower
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
David T. Bennett (56) Director
3400 City Center
33 South Sixth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
Jaye F. Dyer (69) Director
4670 Norwest Center
90 South Seventh Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
Karol D. Emmerich (47) Director
7302 Claredon Drive
Edina, Minnesota 55439
Luella G. Goldberg (59) Director
7019 Tupa Drive
Edina, Minnesota 55435
David A. Hughey (65) Director
134 Powers Road
<PAGE>
Meredith, NH 03253
George Latimer (61) Director
754 Linwood Avenue
St. Paul, MN 55105
Paul A. Dow (45) President
Piper Jaffray Tower
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
Robert H. Nelson (33) Vice President
Piper Jaffray Tower and Treasurer
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
Susan S. Miley (39) Secretary
Piper Jaffray Tower
222 South Ninth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
- --------------------
* Directors of the Company who are interested persons (as that term is
defined by the 1940 Act) of Piper Capital Management Incorporated and the
Funds.
William H. Ellis is President of Piper Jaffray Companies Inc.; Director and
Chairman of the Board of Piper Capital Management Incorporated ("the Adviser");
President of the Adviser since 1994; Director of Piper Jaffray Inc..
David T. Bennett is of counsel to the law firm of Gray, Plant, Mooty, Mooty
& Bennett, P.A., located in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Mr. Bennett is chairman of
a group of privately held companies and serves on the board of directors of a
number of nonprofit organizations.
Jaye F. Dyer has been President of Dyer Management Company, a private
management company, since 1991. Prior to that he was President and Chief
Executive Officer of Dyco Petroleum Corporation, a Minneapolis based oil and
natural gas development company he founded, from 1971 to March 1, 1989, and
Chairman of the Board until December 31, 1990. Mr. Dyer serves on the board of
directors of various privately held and nonprofit corporations.
Karol D. Emmerich has been President of The Paraclete Group, a consultant
to nonprofit organizations, since 1993. Prior to that she was Vice President,
Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer of Dayton Hudson Corporation from 1980 to
1993. Ms. Emmerich is an Executive Fellow at the University of St. Thomas
Graduate School of Business and serves on the board of directors of a number of
privately held and
<PAGE>
nonprofit organizations.
Luella G. Goldberg serves on the board of directors of Northwestern
National Life Insurance Company (since 1976), The ReliaStar Financial Corp.
(since 1989), TCF Bank Savings fsb (since 1985), TCF Financial Corporation
(since 1988), and Hormel Foods Corp. (since 1993). Ms. Goldberg also serves as
a Trustee of Wellesley College, and as a director of a number of other
organizations, including the University of Minnesota Foundation and the
Minnesota Orchestral Association. Ms. Goldberg was Chairman of the Board of
Trustees of Wellesley College from 1985 to 1993 and acting President from July
1, 1993 to October 1, 1993.
David A. Hughey is a Trustee of Bentley College. Prior to September 1996,
he was Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer of Dean Witter
InterCapital Inc., Dean Witter Services Company Inc. and Dean Witter
Distributors Inc.; Director, Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative
Officer of Dean Witter Trust Company; Vice President of Dean Witter Family of
Funds and TCW/DW Family of Funds; and Director of ICI Mutual Insurance Company.
George Latimer has been Chief Executive Officer of National Equity Fund,
Chicago, Illinois since November 1995; prior thereto, Mr. Latimer was Director,
Special Actions Office, Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban
Development since 1993, and prior thereto he had been Dean of Hamline Law
School, Saint Paul, Minnesota from 1990 to 1993. Mr. Latimer also serves on the
board of directors of Digital Biometrics, Inc. and Payless Cashways, Inc.
Paul A. Dow is Chief Investment Officer and Senior Vice President of the
Adviser.
Robert H. Nelson has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since
1993; prior thereto he had been a Vice President of the Adviser from 1991 to
1993.
Susan S. Miley has been Senior Vice President and General Counsel of the
Adviser since 1995 and Secretary of the Adviser since 1996; prior to which she
was counsel for American Express Financial Advisors, Minneapolis, Minnesota from
1994 to 1995 and an attorney at Simpson Thatcher & Bartlett, New York, New York
from 1984 to 1992.
Ms. Emmerich, Ms. Goldberg and Mr. Hughey are members of the Audit
Committee of the Board of Directors. Ms. Emmerich acts as the chairperson of
such committee. The Audit Committee oversees the Company's financial reporting
process, reviews audit results and recommends annually to the Company a firm of
independent certified public accountants.
The Board of Directors also has a Committee of the Independent Directors,
consisting of Mr. Bennett, who serves as chairperson, Messrs. Dyer, Hughey and
<PAGE>
Latimer, Ms. Emmerich and Ms. Goldberg, and a Derivatives Subcommittee
consisting of Ms. Emmerich, who serves as chairperson, Ms. Goldberg and Mr.
Dyer.
The functions of the Committee of the Independent Directors are: (a)
recommendation to the full Board of approval of any management, advisory,
sub-advisory and/or administration agreements; (b) recommendation to the full
Board of approval of any underwriting and/or distribution agreements; (c) review
of the fidelity bond and premium allocation; (d) review of errors and omissions
and any other joint insurance policies and premium allocation; (e) review of,
and monitoring of compliance with, procedures adopted pursuant to certain rules
promulgated under the 1940 Act; and (f) such other duties as the independent
directors shall, from time to time, conclude are necessary or appropriate to
carry out their duties under the 1940 Act. The functions of the Derivatives
Subcommittee are: (a) to oversee practices, policies and procedures of the
Adviser in connection with the use of derivatives; (b) to receive periodic
reports from management; and (c) to report periodically to the Committee of the
Independent Directors and the Board of Directors.
The directors of the Company who are officers or employees of the Adviser
or of its affiliates receive no remuneration from the Company. Each of the
other directors currently receives a quarterly retainer of $3,625 that is
allocated among the Funds and all other open-end funds managed by the Adviser on
the basis of the total assets of each such fund. In addition, each director
receives a fee from the Company for each regular quarterly and in-person special
meeting of the Board of Directors attended. (The per-meeting fee is based on
the combined total assets of the Company and Piper Institutional Funds Inc.)
The per-meeting fee is based upon asset size and is $250 if assets are under
$200 million, $500 if assets are $200 million and over but less than $500
million, $750 if asses are $500 million and over but less than $1 billion,
$1,000 if assets are $1 billion and over but less than $5 billion, and $1,500 if
assets are $5 billion or over. Members of the Audit Committee who are not
affiliated with the Adviser receive $1,000 for each Audit Committee meeting
attended ($2,000 for the chairperson of the Committee), and the chairperson of
the Committee of the Independent Directors receives $1,000 for each meeting of
such committee attended, with such fees being allocated evenly between the
Company and all other closed-end and open-end investment companies managed by
the Adviser. Members of the Committee of the Independent Directors and the
Derivatives Subcommittee (other than the chairperson of the Committee of the
Independent Directors) currently receive no additional compensation. In
addition, each Director who is not affiliated with the Adviser is reimbursed for
expenses incurred in connection with attending meetings.
The following table sets forth the compensation received by each director
from the Company during the fiscal year ended September 30, 1997, as well as the
total compensation received by each director from the Company and all other
registered investment companies managed by the Adviser or affiliates of the
Adviser during the calendar year ended December 31, 1996. Directors who are
officers or employees of the Adviser or any of its affiliates did not receive
any such compensation and are not
<PAGE>
included in the table. Mr. Hughey became a director of the Company on
September 3, 1996.
Aggregate Compensation Total Compensation
Director from the Company from Fund Complex*
- -------- ---------------------- ------------------
David T. Bennett $ $ 56,250
Jaye F. Dyer $ $ 58,750
Karol D. Emmerich $ $ 58,750
Luella G. Goldberg $ $ 60,750
George Latimer $ $ 56,250
David A. Hughey $ $ 984
- ---------------------------
* Currently consists of 20 registered investment companies managed by the
Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser, including the Company. Each
director included in the table serves on the board of each such open-end
and closed-end investment company.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES
The investment adviser for the Funds is Piper Capital Management
Incorporated (the "Adviser"). Its affiliate, Piper Jaffray Inc. (the
"Distributor") acts as the Funds' distributor. Each will act as such pursuant
to a written agreement which will be periodically approved by the directors or
the shareholders of the Funds. The address of both the Adviser and the
Distributor is Piper Jaffray Tower, 222 South Ninth Street, Minneapolis,
Minnesota 55402.
CONTROL OF THE ADVISER AND THE DISTRIBUTOR
The Adviser and the Distributor are both wholly owned subsidiaries of Piper
Jaffray Companies Inc., a publicly held corporation which is engaged through its
subsidiaries in various aspects of the financial services industry.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT
Pursuant to an Investment Advisory and Management Agreement with each
Company, the Adviser furnishes each Fund with investment advice and supervises
the management and investment programs of the Funds. The Adviser furnishes at
its own expense all necessary administrative services, office space, equipment
and clerical personnel for servicing the investments of the Funds. The Adviser
also provides investment advisory facilities and executive and supervisory
personnel for managing the investments and effecting the portfolio transactions
of the Funds. In addition, the Adviser pays the salaries and fees of all
officers and directors of the Companies who are affiliated with the Adviser.
The Investment Advisory and Management Agreement will terminate
automatically in the event of its assignment. In addition, the agreement is
terminable at any time, without penalty, by the Board of Directors of the
Company or by vote of a
<PAGE>
majority of the Company's outstanding voting securities on not more than 60
days' written notice to the Adviser, and by the Adviser on 60 days' written
notice to the Company. The agreement may be terminated with respect to a
particular Fund at any time by a vote of the holders of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities of such Fund, upon 60 days' written notice to the
Adviser. Unless sooner terminated, the agreement shall continue in effect for
more than two years after its execution only so long as such continuance is
specifically approved at least annually by either the Board of Directors or by a
vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Company, provided
that in either event such continuance is also approved by a vote of a majority
of the directors who are not parties to such agreement, or interested persons of
such parties, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on
such approval. If a majority of the outstanding voting securities of any of the
Funds approves the agreement, the agreement shall continue in effect with
respect to such approving Fund whether or not the shareholders of any other Fund
approve the agreement.
Pursuant to the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, the Funds pay
the Adviser monthly advisory fees equal on an annual basis to a certain
percentage of each Fund's average net assets as set forth in the following
table.
Annual Advisory Fee
Average Net Asset as Percentage of
Values of the Fund Average Net Assets
------------------ -------------------
On the first $500,000,000 .50%
On the next $250,000,000 .425%
On the next $250,000,000 .375%
On the next $500,000,000 .35%
On the next $500,000,000 .325%
On the next $500,000,000 .30%
On average assets of over $2,500,000,000 .275%
Money Market Fund, U.S. Government Money Market Fund and Tax-Exempt Money
Market Fund paid $5,857,287, $1,105,123 and $966,676, respectively, in advisory
fees for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1995, $7,536,110, $1,477,604 and
$1,122,039, respectively for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1996, and
$______, $______ and $______, respectively, for the fiscal year ended
September 30, 1997.
Under the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, the Adviser
provides each Fund with advice and assistance in the selection and disposition
of that Fund's investments. All investment decisions are subject to review by
the Board of Directors of the Company. The Adviser is obligated to pay the
salaries and fees of any affiliates of the Adviser serving as officers or
directors of the Funds.
The same security may be suitable for more than one of the Funds and/or for
other series of the Company or other funds or private accounts managed by the
<PAGE>
Adviser or its affiliates. If and when two or more funds or accounts
simultaneously purchase or sell the same security, the transactions will be
allocated as to price and amount in accordance with arrangements equitable to
each fund or account. The simultaneous purchase or sale of the same securities
by more than one of the Funds or by any of the Funds and other series of the
Company or other funds or accounts may have a detrimental effect on a Fund, as
this may affect the price paid or received by that Fund or the size of the
position obtainable or able to be sold by that Fund.
EXPENSES
The expenses of each Fund are deducted from their income before dividends
are paid. These expenses include, but are not limited to, organizational costs,
fees paid to the Adviser, fees and expenses of officers and directors who are
not affiliated with the Adviser, taxes, interest, legal fees, transfer agent,
dividend disbursing agent and custodian fees, audit fees, brokerage fees and
commissions, fees and expenses of registering and qualifying the Funds and their
shares for distribution under federal and state securities laws, expenses of
preparing prospectuses and statements of additional information and of printing
and distributing prospectuses and statements of additional information annually
to existing shareholders, the expenses of reports to shareholders, shareholders'
meetings and proxy solicitations, distribution expenses pursuant to the Rule
12b-1 plan, and other expenses which are not expressly assumed by the Adviser
under the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement. Any general expenses of
the Company that are not readily identifiable as belonging to a particular
series of the Company will be allocated among the series based upon the relative
net assets of the series at the time such expenses were incurred.
DISTRIBUTION PLAN
Rule l2b-1(b) under the 1940 Act provides that any payments made by the
Funds in connection with financing the distribution of their shares may only be
made pursuant to a written plan describing all aspects of the proposed financing
of distribution, and also requires that all agreements with any person relating
to the implementation of the plan must be in writing. Because some of the
payments described below to be made by the Funds are distribution expenses
within the meaning of Rule 12b-1, the Company has entered into an Underwriting
and Distribution Agreement with the Distributor pursuant to a Distribution Plan
adopted in accordance with such Rule.
Rule l2b-1(b)(1) requires that such plan be approved by a majority of a
Fund's outstanding shares, and Rule l2b-1(b)(2) requires that such plan,
together with any related agreements, be approved by a vote of the Board of
Directors and of the directors who are not interested persons of the Company and
who have no direct or indirect interest in the operation of the plan or in the
agreements related to the plan, cast in person at a meeting called for the
purpose of voting on such plan or agreement. Rule l2b-1(b)(3) requires that the
plan or agreement provide, in substance:
<PAGE>
(a) that it shall continue in effect for a period of more than one
year from the date of its execution or adoption only so long as such
continuance is specifically approved at least annually in the manner
described in paragraph (b)(2) of Rule l2b-1;
(b) that any person authorized to direct the disposition of moneys
paid or payable by the Company pursuant to the plan or any related
agreement shall provide to the Company's Board of Directors, and the
directors shall review, at least quarterly, a written report of the amounts
so expended and the purposes for which such expenditures were made; and
(c) in the case of a plan, that it may be terminated at any time by a
vote of a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of the Company
who are not interested persons of the Company and who have no direct or
indirect financial interest in the operation of the plan or in any
agreements related to the plan or by a vote of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities of a Fund.
Rule l2b-1(b)(4) requires that such a plan may not be amended to increase
materially the amount to be spent for distribution without shareholder approval
and that all material amendments of the plan must be approved in the manner
described in paragraph (b)(2) of Rule l2b-1.
Rule 12b-1(c) provides that the Company may rely upon Rule l2b-1(b) only if
the selection and nomination of the Company's disinterested directors are
committed to the discretion of such disinterested directors. Rule l2b-1(e)
provides that the Company may implement or continue a plan pursuant to Rule
l2b-1(b) only if the directors who vote to approve such implementation or
continuation conclude, in the exercise of reasonable business judgment and in
light of their fiduciary duties under state law, and under Sections 36(a) and
(b) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, that there is a reasonable likelihood
that the plan will benefit the Company and its shareholders. The Board of
Directors has concluded that there is a reasonable likelihood that the
Distribution Plan will benefit the Company and its shareholders.
Pursuant to the provisions of the Distribution Plan, U.S. Government Money
Market Fund and Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund each pays a quarterly fee to the
Distributor equal, on an annual basis, to .30% of such Fund's average daily net
assets. The fee for Money Market Fund is equal to .30% of such Fund's average
daily net assets attributable to Class A shares and 1.00% of such Fund's average
daily net assets attributable to Class B shares. Such fees are paid for
servicing of the Funds' shareholder accounts and providing distribution-related
services to the Funds.
A portion of each Fund's total fee is paid as a distribution fee and will
be used by the Distributor to cover expenses that are primarily intended to
result in, or that are primarily attributable to, the sale of shares of the
Funds ("Distribution Expenses"), and
<PAGE>
a portion of the fee is paid as a shareholder servicing fee and will be used by
the distributor to provide compensation for ongoing servicing and/or maintenance
of shareholder accounts with respect to the Funds ("Shareholder Servicing
Costs"). The .30% Rule 12b-1 fee paid by U.S. Government Money Market Fund and
Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund, and by Money Market Fund with respect to its Class
A shares, is comprised of (a) a servicing fee equal to .25% of average daily net
assets and (b) a distribution fee equal to .05% of average daily net assets.
The 1.00% Rule 12b-1 fee paid by Money Market Fund with respect to its Class B
shares is comprised of (a) a servicing fee equal to .25% of the Fund's average
daily net assets attributable to Class B shares and (b) a distribution fee equal
to .75% of the Fund's average daily net assets attributable to Class B shares.
Distribution Expenses under the Plan include, but are not limited to,
initial and ongoing sales compensation (in addition to sales charges) paid to
Investment Executives of the Distributor and to other broker-dealers; interest
expenses; expenses incurred in the printing of prospectuses, statements of
additional information and reports used for sales purposes; expenses of
preparation and distribution of sales literature; expenses of advertising of any
type; an allocation of the Distributor's overhead; and payments to and expenses
of persons who provide support services in connection with the distribution of
Fund shares. Shareholder Servicing Costs include all expenses of the
Distributor incurred in connection with providing administrative or accounting
services to shareholders, including, but not limited to, an allocation of the
Distributor's overhead and payments made to persons, including employees of the
Distributor, who respond to inquiries of shareholders of the Funds regarding
their ownership of shares or their accounts with the Funds, or who provide other
administrative services not otherwise required to be provided by the Funds'
Adviser or transfer agent.
For each of the fiscal years ended September 30, 1995 and 1996, the
Distributor voluntarily limited amounts payable under the Distribution Plan to
an annual rate of .20% of average daily net assets for each Fund. For the
fiscal year ended September 30, 1997, the Distributor also limited its Rule
12b-1 fees to .20% of average daily net assets, provided that it did not limit
Rule 12b-1 fees payable with respect to Money Market Fund's Class B shares. The
Distributor intends to limit its Rule 12b-1 fees to the same extent for the
fiscal year ending September 30, 1998. Money Market Fund paid Rule 12b-1 fees
for the fiscal years ended September 30, 1995, 1996 and 1997 of $2,725,532,
$3,774,268 and $______, respectively. U.S. Government Money Market Fund paid
distribution fees for the fiscal years ended September 30, 1995, 1996 and 1997
of $443,366, $587,962 and $______, respectively. Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund
paid distribution fees for the fiscal years ended September 30, 1995, 1996 and
1997 of $381,907, $446,581 and $______, respectively.
Distribution fees for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1997, were used
by the Distributor as follows:
<PAGE>
U.S. Government Tax-Exempt
Money Market Money Market Money Market
Fund Fund Fund
------------ --------------- ------------
Advertising $ $ $
Printing and Mailing of
Prospectuses to Other
than Current Shareholders
Compensation to Under-
writers (trail fees to
Investment Executives)
Compensation to Dealers
Compensation to Sales
Personnel
Interest, Carrying or Other
Finance Charge
Other (Specify) ______ ______ ______
$ $ $
UNDERWRITING AND DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT
Pursuant to the Underwriting and Distribution Agreement, the Distributor
has agreed to act as the principal underwriter for the Funds in the sale and
distribution to the public of shares of the Funds, either through dealers or
otherwise. The Distributor has agreed to offer such shares for sale at all
times when such shares are available for sale and may lawfully be offered for
sale and sold.
TRANSFER AGENT AND DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT
Investors Fiduciary Trust Company ("IFTC"), the transfer agent for the
Company, maintains certain omnibus shareholder accounts for each of the Funds.
Each such omnibus account represents the accounts of a number of individual
shareholders of a Fund. The Company has entered into Shareholder Account
Servicing Agreements with the Distributor and Piper Trust Company ("Piper
Trust"), pursuant to which the Distributor and Piper Trust provide certain
transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent services for the underlying
individual shareholder accounts. Pursuant to such Agreements, the Distributor
and Piper Trust have agreed to perform the usual and ordinary services of
transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent not performed by IFTC with respect
to the underlying individual shareholder accounts, including, without
limitation, the following: maintaining all shareholder accounts, preparing
shareholder meeting lists, mailing shareholder reports and prospectuses,
tracking shareholder accounts for blue sky and Rule l2b-1 purposes, withholding
taxes on nonresident alien and foreign corporation accounts, preparing and
mailing checks for disbursement of income dividends and capital gains
distributions, preparing and filing U.S. Treasury Department Form 1099 for all
shareholders, preparing and mailing confirmation forms
<PAGE>
to shareholders and dealers with respect to all purchases, exchanges and
liquidations of series shares and other transactions in shareholder accounts for
which confirmations are required, recording reinvestments of dividends and
distributions in series shares, recording redemptions of series shares, and
preparing and mailing checks for payments upon redemption and for disbursements
to withdrawal plan holders.
As compensation for such services, the Distributor and Piper Trust are paid
annual fees of $9.00 per active shareholder account by each Fund and $6.00 per
inactive account (defined as an account that has a balance of shares in any of
the Funds but that does not require a client statement for the current month) by
each Fund. There is no charge for a closed shareholder account (defined as an
account that has been inactive for at least three consecutive months). Such fee
is payable on a monthly basis at a rate of 1/12 of the annual per-account
charge. Such fee covers all services listed above, with the exception of
preparing shareholder meeting lists and mailing shareholder reports and
prospectuses. These services, along with proxy processing (if applicable) and
other special service requests, are billable as performed at a mutually agreed
upon fee in addition to the annual fee noted above, provided that such mutually
agreed upon fee shall be fair and reasonable in light of the usual and customary
charges made by others for services of the same nature and quality.
During the fiscal year ended September 30, 1997, Money Market Fund, U.S.
Government Money Market Fund and Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund paid
$______, $______ and $______, respectively, to the Distributor and $______,
$______ and $______, respectively to Piper Trust under the Shareholder Account
Servicing Agreements.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND ALLOCATION OF BROKERAGE
Because each Fund's portfolio is composed exclusively of debt, rather than
equity securities, most of the Funds' portfolio transactions are effected
without the payment of brokerage commissions, but at net prices which usually
include a markup. Most of the Funds' transactions are with the issuer, or with
major dealers on a principal basis acting for their own account and not as
brokers. However, portfolio transactions for the Funds which are executed on an
agency basis may be effected through the Distributor on a securities exchange if
the commissions, fees or other remuneration received by the Distributor are
reasonable and fair compared to the commissions, fees or other remuneration paid
to other brokers or other futures commission merchants in connection with
comparable transactions involving similar securities or similar futures
contracts or options on futures contracts being purchased or sold on an exchange
during a comparable period of time. In effecting portfolio transactions through
the Distributor, the Funds intend to comply with Section 17(e)(1) of the 1940
Act. For the fiscal years ended September 30, 1995, 1996 and 1997, the Funds
did not pay any brokerage commissions.
The Adviser is responsible for effecting securities transactions for each
of the
<PAGE>
Funds. In placing orders for securities transactions, the primary criterion for
the selection of a broker-dealer is the ability of the broker-dealer, in the
opinion of the Adviser, to secure prompt execution of the transactions at the
most favorable net price, considering the state of the market at the time.
Frequently the Adviser selects a broker-dealer to effect a particular
transaction without contacting all broker-dealers who might be able to effect
such transaction, because of the volatility of the money market and the desire
to accept a particular price for a security because the price offered by the
broker-dealer meets a Fund's guidelines for profit, yield, or both.
When consistent with the objectives of prompt execution and favorable net
price, business may be placed with broker-dealers who furnish investment
research or services to the Adviser. Such research or services include advice,
both directly and in writing, as to the value of securities; the advisability of
investing in, purchasing or selling securities; and the availability of
securities, or purchasers or sellers of securities; as well as analyses and
reports concerning issues, industries, securities, economic factors and trends,
portfolio strategy and the performance of accounts. This allows the Adviser to
supplement its own investment research activities and enables the Adviser to
obtain the views and information of individuals and research staffs of many
different securities firms prior to making investment decisions for the Funds.
To the extent portfolio transactions are effected with broker-dealers who
furnish research services to the Adviser, the Adviser receives a benefit, not
capable of evaluation in dollar amounts, without providing any direct monetary
benefit to the Funds from these transactions. The Adviser believes that most
research services obtained by it generally benefit several or all of the
investment companies and private accounts which it manages, as opposed to solely
benefiting one specific managed fund or account. Normally, research services
obtained through managed funds or accounts investing in common stocks would
primarily benefit the managed funds or accounts which invest in common stock;
similarly, services obtained from transactions in fixed-income securities would
normally be of greater benefit to the managed funds or accounts which invest in
debt securities.
The Adviser has not entered into any formal or informal agreements with any
broker-dealers, nor does it maintain any "formula" which must be followed in
connection with the placement of the Funds' portfolio transactions in exchange
for research services provided the Adviser, except as noted below. However, the
Adviser does maintain an informal list of broker-dealers, which is used from
time to time as a general guide in the placement of the Funds' business, in
order to encourage certain broker-dealers to provide the Adviser with research
services which the Adviser anticipates will be useful to it. Because the list
is merely a general guide, which is to be used only after the primary criterion
for the selection of broker-dealers (discussed above) has been met, substantial
deviations from the list are permissible and may be expected to occur. In the
event any transactions are executed on an agency basis, the Adviser will
authorize the Funds to pay an amount of commission for effecting a securities
transaction in excess of the amount of commission another broker-dealer would
have charged only if the Adviser determines in good faith that such amount of
<PAGE>
commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research
services provided by such broker-dealer, viewed in terms of either that
particular transaction or the Adviser's overall responsibilities with respect to
the accounts as to which it exercises investment discretion. If the Funds
execute any transactions on an agency basis, they will generally pay higher than
the lowest commission rates available.
Any portfolio transactions for the Funds executed on an agency basis may be
effected through the Distributor. In determining the commissions to be paid to
the Distributor, it is the policy of the Funds that such commissions will, in
the judgment of the Adviser, subject to review by the Board of Directors, be
both (a) at least as favorable as those which would be charged by other
qualified brokers in connection with comparable transactions involving similar
securities being purchased or sold on an exchange during a comparable period of
time, and (b) at least as favorable as commissions contemporaneously charged by
the Distributor on comparable transactions for its most favored comparable
unaffiliated customers. While the Funds do not deem it practicable and in their
best interest to solicit competitive bids for commission rates on each
transaction, consideration will regularly be given to posted commission rates as
well as to other information concerning the level of commissions charged on
comparable transactions by other qualified brokers.
From time to time the Funds may acquire the securities of their regular
brokers or dealers or parent companies of such brokers or dealers. As of
September 30, 1997, Money Market Fund held $______ of securities issued by
_________________________________. During the 1997 fiscal year, Money Market
Fund also purchased securities issued by ______________________. During the
1997 fiscal year, U.S. Government Money Market Fund and Tax-Exempt Money Market
Fund did not purchase any securities of their regular brokers or dealers or
parent companies of such brokers or dealers.
CAPITAL STOCK AND OWNERSHIP OF SHARES
The Company, which was organized under the laws of the State of Minnesota
in 1986, is authorized to issue a total of 10 trillion shares of common stock,
with a par value of $.01 per share. Three hundred and ninety billion of these
shares have been authorized by the Board of Directors to be issued in twelve
separate series, as follows: Growth Fund, Emerging Growth Fund, Small Company
Growth Fund, Growth and Income Fund, Balanced Fund, Government Income Fund,
Intermediate Bond Fund, National Tax-Exempt Fund and Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund,
each of which has ten billion authorized shares, and Money Market Fund,
Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund and U.S. Government Money Market Fund, each of
which has one hundred billion authorized shares.
Each Fund's shares constitute a separate series of the Company's common
stock. The assets received by the Company for the issue or sale of shares of
each
<PAGE>
series, and all income, earnings, profits and proceeds thereof, subject only to
the rights of creditors, will be allocated to such series, and constitute the
underlying assets of such series. The underlying assets of each series are
required to be segregated on the books of account, and are to be charged with
the expenses relating to such series and with a share of the general expenses of
the Company. Any general expenses of the Company not readily identifiable as
belonging to a particular series shall be allocated among the series based on
the relative net assets of the series at the time such expenses were accrued.
The Board of Directors is empowered under the Articles of Incorporation to
issue additional series of common stock without shareholder approval. In
addition, the Board of Directors may, without shareholder approval, create and
issue one or more additional classes of shares within each Fund, as well as
within any series of the Company created in the future.
All shares, when issued, will be fully paid and nonassessable and will be
redeemable. All shares have equal voting rights. They can be issued as full or
fractional shares. A fractional share has pro-rata the same kind of rights and
privileges as a full share. The shares possess no preemptive or conversion
rights.
Each share of a series has one vote (with proportionate voting for
fractional shares) irrespective of the relative net asset value of the series'
shares. On some issues, such as the election of directors, all shares of the
Company vote together as one series. On an issue affecting only a particular
series, the shares of the affected series vote separately. Cumulative voting is
not authorized. This means that the holders of more than 50% of the shares
voting for the election of directors can elect 100% of the directors if they
choose to do so, and, in such event, the holders of the remaining shares will be
unable to elect any directors.
As of _______, 1997, no shareholder owned of record or was known by the
Funds to own beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of any class of
any of the Funds. The directors and officers of the Company as a group owned
less than 1% of the outstanding shares of each Fund, and of each class thereof,
as of such date.
NET ASSET VALUE AND PUBLIC OFFERING PRICE
The method for determining the public offering price of Fund shares (which
is equal to their net asset value) is summarized in the Prospectus in the text
following the heading "Managing Your Investment -- Buying Shares." The net
asset value of each Fund's shares is determined on each day on which the New
York Stock Exchange is open, provided that the net asset value need not be
determined on days when no Fund shares are tendered for redemption and no order
for Fund shares is received. The New York Stock Exchange is not open for
business on the following holidays (or on the nearest Monday or Friday if the
holiday falls on a weekend): New Year's Day, Presidents' Day, Good Friday,
Memorial Day, July 4th, Labor Day, Thanksgiving and
<PAGE>
Christmas.
The portfolio securities in which each Fund invests fluctuate in value, and
hence the net asset value per share of each Fund may also fluctuate. On
September 30, 1997, the net asset value per share for each Fund (Class A shares
of Money Market Fund) was calculated as follows:
Money Market Fund--Class A
--------------------------
Net Assets ($________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
- -----------------------------
Shares Outstanding (________) ($1.00)
Money Market Fund--Class B
--------------------------
Net Assets ($________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
- -----------------------------
Shares Outstanding (________) ($1.00)
U. S. Government Money Market Fund
----------------------------------
Net Assets ($________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
- -----------------------------
Shares Outstanding (________) ($1.00)
Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund
----------------------------
Net Assets ($________) = Net Asset Value Per Share
- -----------------------------
Shares Outstanding (________) ($1.00)
Each Fund values its portfolio securities at amortized cost in accordance
with Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act. This method involves valuing an instrument
at its cost and thereafter assuming a constant amortization to maturity of any
discount or premium, regardless of the impact of fluctuations in interest rates
on the market value of the instrument and regardless of any unrealized capital
gains or losses. While this method provides certainty in valuation, it may
result in periods during which value, as determined by amortized cost, is higher
or lower than the price a Fund would receive if it sold the instrument. During
periods of declining interest rates, the daily yield on shares of a Fund
computed by dividing the annualized daily income of the Fund by the net asset
value computed as described above may tend to be higher than a like computation
made by the Fund with identical investments utilizing a method of valuation
based upon market prices and estimates of market prices for all of its
securities.
Pursuant to Rule 2a-7, the Board of Directors has determined, in good faith
based upon a full consideration of all material factors, that it is in the best
interests of each of the Funds and their shareholders to maintain a stable net
asset value per share by virtue of the amortized cost method of valuation. Each
of the Funds will
<PAGE>
continue to use this method only so long as the Board of Directors believes that
it fairly reflects the market-based net asset value per share. In accordance
with Rule 2a-7, the Board of Directors has undertaken, as a particular
responsibility within the overall duty of care owed to Fund shareholders, to
establish procedures reasonably designed, taking into account current market
conditions and the Funds' investment objectives, to stabilize each Fund's net
asset value per share at a single value. These procedures include the periodic
determination of any deviation of current net asset value per share, calculated
using available market quotations, from each Fund's amortized cost price per
share, the periodic review by the Board of the amount of any such deviation and
the method used to calculate any such deviation, the maintenance of records of
such determinations and the Board's review thereof, the prompt consideration by
the Board if any such deviation exceeds 1/2 of 1%, and the taking of such
remedial action by the Board as it deems appropriate where it believes the
extent of any such deviation may result in material dilution or other unfair
results to investors or existing shareholders. Such remedial action may include
redemptions in kind, selling portfolio instruments prior to realizing capital
gains or losses, shortening the average portfolio maturity, withholding
dividends or utilizing a net asset value per share as determined by using
available market quotations. Each Fund will, in further compliance with Rule
2a-7, maintain a dollar-weighted average portfolio maturity appropriate to its
objective of maintaining a stable net asset value and not exceeding 90 days,
will not purchase any instrument with a remaining maturity of greater than 397
calendar days, will limit its portfolio investments to those U.S.
dollar-denominated instruments which the Board determines present minimal credit
risks and which are at the time of acquisition Eligible Securities (as defined
in Rule 2a-7), and will record, maintain and preserve a written copy of the
above-described procedures and a written record of the Board's considerations
and actions taken in connection with the discharge of its above-described
responsibilities.
PERFORMANCE COMPARISONS
Advertisements and other sales literature for the Funds may refer to each
Fund's "yield," "average annual total return" and "cumulative total return."
Each Fund may issue current yield quotations. The yield of a Fund refers
to the income generated by an investment in the Fund over a seven-day period.
This income is then annualized. That is, the amount of income generated by the
investment during that week is assumed to be generated each week over a 52 week
period and is shown as a percentage of the investment. Simple yields are
computed by determining the net change, exclusive of capital changes, in the
value of a hypothetical pre-existing account having a balance of one share at
the beginning of a recent seven calendar day period, subtracting a hypothetical
charge reflecting deductions from shareholder accounts, and dividing the
difference by the value of the account at the beginning of the base period to
obtain the base period return, and then multiplying the base period return by
365/7. The resulting yield figure will be carried to at least the nearest
hundredth of one percent.
<PAGE>
A Fund's effective yield is calculated similarly but, when annualized, the
income earned by an investment in a Fund is assumed to be reinvested. The
effective yield will be slightly higher than the yield because of the
compounding effect of this assumed reinvestment. Effective yields are computed
by determining the net change, exclusive of capital changes, in the value of a
hypothetical pre-existing account having a balance of one share at the beginning
of a recent seven calendar day period, subtracting a hypothetical charge
reflecting deductions from shareholder accounts, and dividing the difference by
the value of the account at the beginning of the base period to obtain the base
period return, and then compounding the base period return by adding 1, raising
the sum to a power equal to 365 divided by 7, and subtracting 1 from the result,
according to the following formula:
365/7
Effective Yield = [(Base Period Return +1) ] -1
When calculating the foregoing yield or effective yield quotations, the
calculation of net change in account value will include the value of additional
shares purchased with dividends from the original share and dividends declared
on both the original share and any such additional shares, and all fees, other
than nonrecurring accounts or sales charges, that are charged to all shareholder
accounts in proportion to the length of the base period. Realized gains and
losses from the sale of securities and unrealized appreciation and depreciation
are excluded from the calculation of yield and effective yield.
Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund may also advertise its tax equivalent yield.
This yield will be computed by dividing that portion of the seven-day yield or
effective yield of the Fund (computed as set forth above) which is tax-exempt by
one minus a stated income tax rate and adding the product to that portion, if
any, of the yield of the Fund that is not tax-exempt.
The Funds' yields, effective yields and, in the case of Tax-Exempt Money
Market Fund, tax-equivalent yield (assuming a 36% federal income tax rate),
based upon the seven days ended September 30, 1997, are set forth below.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Effective Tax-Equivalent Tax-Equivalent
Fund Yield Yield Yield Effective Yield
- ---- ----- --------- -------------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Money Market Fund--Class A % % N/A N/A
Money Market Fund--Class B % % N/A N/A
U.S. Government Money
Market Fund % % N/A N/A
Tax-Exempt Money
Market Fund % % ___% ___%
</TABLE>
During some of the periods for which yields are calculated, the Adviser
voluntarily waived certain Rule 12b-1 fees for each Fund, thereby increasing
yields. These fees may or may not be waived or paid in the future, in the
Adviser's discretion. The following table sets forth the yields of each Fund as
of September 30, 1997, absent
<PAGE>
the waiver of fees.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Effective Tax-Equivalent Tax-Equivalent
Fund Yield Yield Yield Effective Yield
- ---- ----- --------- -------------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Money Market Fund--Class A % % N/A N/A
Money Market Fund--Class B % % N/A N/A
U.S. Government Money
Market Fund % % N/A N/A
Tax-Exempt Money
Market Fund % % ___% ___%
</TABLE>
Average annual total return is the average annual compounded rate of return
on a hypothetical $1,000 investment made at the beginning of the advertised
period. Average annual total return figures are computed according to the
following formula:
P(1+T)n = ERV
Where: P = a hypothetical initial payment of $1,000;
T = average annual total return;
n = number of years; and
ERV = ending redeemable value at the end of the period
of a hypothetical $1,000 payment made at the
beginning of such period.
This calculation assumes all dividends and any capital gains distributions are
reinvested at net asset value on the appropriate reinvestment dates as described
in the Prospectus, and includes all recurring fees, such as investment advisory
and management fees, charged to all shareholder accounts.
The following table sets forth the average annual total return of each Fund
for various periods ended September 30, 1997.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Average Annual Total Returns
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Absent Voluntary
Actual Fee Waivers
--------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------
Since Since
1 Year 5 Year 10 Year Inception 1 Year 5 Year 10 Year Inception
------ ------ ------- --------- ------ ------ ------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Money Market Fund-Class A
(Inception 3/16/87) ___% ___% ___% ___% ___% ___% ___% ___%
Money Market Fund-Class B
(Inception _______) N/A N/A N/A ___% N/A N/A N/A ___%
U.S. Government Money
Market Fund
(Inception 7/5/88) ___% ___% N/A ___% ___% ___% N/A ___%
Tax-Exempt Money
Market Fund
<PAGE>
(Inception 7/5/88) ___% ___% N/A ___% ___% ___% N/A ___%
</TABLE>
Cumulative total return is calculated by subtracting a hypothetical $1,000
payment to a Fund from the redeemable value of such payment at the end of the
advertised period, dividing such difference by $1,000 and multiplying the
quotient by 100. Cumulative total return is computed according to the following
formula:
CTR = (ERV-P) 100
-------
P
Where: CTR = Cumulative total return;
ERV = ending redeemable value at the end of the period
of a hypothetical $1,000 payment made at the
beginning of such period; and
P = initial payment of $1,000.
This calculation assumes all dividends and any capital gain distributions are
reinvested at net asset value on the appropriate reinvestment dates as described
in the Prospectus and includes all recurring fees, such as investment advisory
and management fees, charged to all shareholder accounts.
The cumulative total return for the Class A shares of Money Market Fund
from inception (March 16, 1987) to September 30, 1997 was ____%. The cumulative
total return for the Class B shares of Money Market Fund since inception
(________, 1997) to September 30, 1997 was ___%. The cumulative total return
for U.S. Government Money Market Fund from inception (July 5, 1988) to
September 30, 1997 was ____%. The cumulative total return for Tax-Exempt Money
Market Fund from inception (July 5, 1988) to September 30, 1997 was ____%. Had
the Adviser not voluntarily waived certain fees, the total returns for Money
Market Fund--Class A shares, Money Market Fund--Class B shares, U.S. Government
Money Market Fund and Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund would have been ____%, ____%,
____% and ____%, respectively.
In addition to advertising total return and yield, comparative performance
information may be used from time to time in advertising the Fund's shares,
including data from Lipper Analytical Services, Inc. ("Lipper"), Morningstar,
other industry publications and other entities or organizations which track the
performance of investment companies. Performance information for the Funds also
may be compared to various unmanaged indices. Unmanaged indices do not reflect
deductions for administrative and management costs and expenses. The Funds may
also include in advertisements and communications to Fund shareholders
evaluations of a Fund published by nationally recognized ranking services and by
financial publications that are nationally recognized, such as BARRON'S,
BUSINESS WEEK, FORBES, INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR, INVESTOR'S DAILY, MONEY,
KIPLINGER'S PERSONAL FINANCE MAGAZINE, MORNINGSTAR MUTUAL FUND VALUES, THE NEW
YORK TIMES, USA TODAY and THE WALL STREET JOURNAL.
REDEMPTION OF SHARES
<PAGE>
Redemption of shares, or payment, may be suspended at times (a) when the
New York Stock Exchange is closed for other than customary weekend or holiday
closings, (b) when trading on said Exchange is restricted, (c) when an emergency
exists, as a result of which disposal by the Funds of securities owned by them
is not reasonably practicable, or it is not reasonably practicable for the Funds
fairly to determine the value of their net assets, or (d) during any other
period when the Securities and Exchange Commission, by order, so permits,
provided that applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange
Commission shall govern as to whether the conditions prescribed in (b) or (c)
exist.
Shareholders who purchased shares through a broker-dealer other than the
Distributor may also redeem such shares by written request to IFTC at the
address set forth in the Prospectus. To be considered in proper form, written
requests for redemption should indicate the dollar amount or number of shares to
be redeemed, refer to the shareholder's Fund account number, and give either a
Social Security or tax identification number. The request should be signed in
exactly the same way the account is registered. If there is more than one owner
of the shares, all owners must sign. If shares to be redeemed have a value of
$10,000 or more or redemption proceeds are to be paid to someone other than the
shareholder at the shareholder's address of record, the signature(s) must be
guaranteed by an "eligible guarantor institution," which includes a commercial
bank that is a member of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, a trust
company, a member firm of a domestic stock exchange, a savings association or a
credit union that is authorized by its charter to provide a signature guarantee.
IFTC may reject redemption instructions if the guarantor is neither a member of
nor a participant in a signature guarantee program. Signature guarantees by
notaries public are not acceptable. The purpose of a signature guarantee is to
protect shareholders against the possibility of fraud. Further documentation
will be requested from corporations, administrators, executors, personal
representatives, trustees and custodians. Redemption requests given by
facsimile will not be accepted. Unless other instructions are given in proper
form, a check for the proceeds of the redemption will be sent to the
shareholder's address of record.
TAXATION
Pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"),
each Fund will be subject to a nondeductible excise tax equal to 4% of the
excess, if any, of the amount required to be distributed pursuant to the Code
for each calendar year over the amount actually distributed. In order to avoid
the imposition of this excise tax, each Fund generally must declare dividends by
the end of a calendar year representing 98% of the Fund's ordinary income for
the calendar year and 98% of its capital gain net income (both long-term and
short-term capital gains) for the 12-month period ending October 31 of the
calendar year. For purposes of this calculation, any amount of income on which
corporate-level income tax has been paid is deemed to have been distributed.
<PAGE>
Ordinarily, distributions and redemption proceeds earned by a Fund
shareholder are not subject to withholding of federal income tax. However, 31%
of a Fund's distributions and redemption proceeds must be withheld if a Fund
shareholder fails to supply the Fund or its agent with such shareholder's
taxpayer identification number or if a Fund shareholder who is otherwise exempt
from withholding fails to properly document such shareholder's status as an
exempt recipient.
Distributions paid from net realized capital gains, if any, will be taxable
to shareholders as ordinary income. Capital gains from the sale or exchange of
shares are also taxable.
Distributions may be subject to state and local income taxes and the
treatment thereof may differ from the federal income tax consequences discussed
above.
TAX-EXEMPT MONEY MARKET FUND
Under the Code, interest on indebtedness incurred or continued to purchase
or carry shares of an investment company paying exempt-interest dividends, such
as Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund, will not be deductible by a shareholder in
proportion to the ratio of exempt-interest dividends to all dividends other than
those treated as long-term capital gains. Indebtedness may be allocated to
shares of Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund even though not directly traceable to the
purchase of such shares. Federal law also restricts the deductibility of other
expenses allocable to shares of Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund.
For federal income tax purposes, an alternative minimum tax ("AMT") is
imposed on taxpayers to the extent that such tax exceeds a taxpayer's regular
income tax liability (with certain adjustments). Exempt-interest dividends
attributable to interest income on certain tax-exempt obligations issued after
August 7, 1986 to finance certain private activities are treated as an item of
tax preference that is included in alternative minimum taxable income for
purposes of computing the federal alternative minimum tax for all taxpayers and
the federal environmental tax on corporations. Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund may
invest in obligations the interest on which is treated as an item of tax
preference, to the extent set forth in the Prospectus. In addition, a portion
of all other tax-exempt interest received by a corporation, including
exempt-interest dividends, will be included in adjusted current earnings and
earnings and profits for purposes of determining the federal corporate
alternative minimum tax and the branch profits tax imposed on foreign
corporations under Section 884 of the Code.
Because liability for AMT in the case of individuals will depend upon the
regular tax liability and tax preference items of a specific taxpayer, the
extent, if any, to which any tax preference items resulting from investment in
Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund will be subject to the tax will depend upon each
shareholder's individual situation. For shareholders with substantial tax
preferences, the AMT could reduce the after-tax
<PAGE>
economic benefits of an investment in the Fund. Each shareholder is advised to
consult his or her tax adviser with respect to the possible effects of such tax
preference items.
For shareholders who are or may become recipients of Social Security
benefits, exempt-interest dividends are includable in computing "modified
adjusted gross income" for purposes of determining the amount of Social Security
benefits, if any, that is required to be included in gross income. The maximum
amount of Social Security benefits includable in gross income is 85%.
The Code imposes requirements on certain tax-exempt bonds which, if not
satisfied, could result in loss of tax-exemption for interest on such bonds,
even retroactively to the date of issuance of the bonds. Proposals may be
introduced before Congress in the future, the purpose of which will be to
further restrict or eliminate the federal income tax exemption for municipal
securities. The Fund cannot predict what additional legislation may be enacted
that may affect shareholders. The Fund will avoid investment in municipal
securities which, in the opinion of the Adviser, pose a material risk of the
loss of tax exemption. Further, if a municipal security in the Fund's portfolio
loses its exempt status, the Fund will make every effort to dispose of such
investment on terms that are not detrimental to the Fund.
GENERAL INFORMATION
The Bylaws of the Company provide that shareholder meetings be held only
with such frequency as required under Minnesota law. Minnesota corporation law
requires only that the Board of Directors convene shareholder meetings when it
deems appropriate. In addition, Minnesota law provides that if a regular
meeting of shareholders has not been held during the immediately preceding 15
months, a shareholder or shareholders holding 3% or more of the voting shares of
a corporation may demand a regular meeting of shareholders by written notice
given to the chief executive officer or chief financial officer of the
corporation. Within 30 days after receipt of the demand, the Board of Directors
shall cause a regular meeting of shareholders to be called, which meeting shall
be held no later than 90 days after receipt of the demand, all at the expense of
the corporation. In addition, the 1940 Act requires a shareholder vote for all
amendments to fundamental investment policies and restrictions, for all
amendments to investment advisory contracts and for certain amendments to Rule
12b-1 distribution plans.
Minnesota has enacted legislation which authorizes corporations to
eliminate or limit the personal liability of a director to the corporation or
its shareholders for monetary damages for breach of the fiduciary duty of "care"
(the duty to act with the care an ordinarily prudent person in a like position
would exercise under similar circumstances). Minnesota law does not, however,
permit a corporation to eliminate or limit the liability of a director (a) for
any breach of the director's duty of "loyalty" to the corporation or its
shareholders (the duty to act in good faith and in a manner
<PAGE>
reasonably believed to be in the best interest of the corporation), (b) for acts
or omissions not in good faith or that involve intentional misconduct or a
knowing violation of law, (c) for authorizing a dividend, stock repurchase or
redemption or other distribution in violation of Minnesota law or for violation
of certain provisions of Minnesota securities laws, or (d) for any transaction
from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. Minnesota law
does not permit elimination or limitation of a director's liability under the
1933 Act or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the 1940 Act prohibits
elimination or limitation of a director's liability for acts involving willful
malfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties of
a director. The Articles of Incorporation of the Company limit the liability of
directors to the fullest extent permitted by Minnesota law and the 1940 Act.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial statements for the Funds dated September 30, 1997, as
set forth in Funds' Annual Reports, are incorporated by reference into this
Statement of Additional Information. The audited financial statements are
provided in reliance on the report of KPMG Peat Marwick LLP, 4200 Norwest
Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402, independent auditors of the Funds, given
on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
PENDING LITIGATION
Complaints have been brought in federal and state court relating to one
open-end and twelve closed-end investment companies managed by the Adviser and
to two open-end funds for which the Adviser has acted as sub-adviser. On
February 13, 1996, a Settlement Agreement became effective for the consolidated
class action lawsuit, titled IN RE: PIPER FUNDS INC. INSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENT
INCOME PORTFOLIO LITIGATION. The Amended Consolidated Class Action Complaint
was filed on October 5, 1994, in the United States District Court, District of
Minnesota, against Institutional Government Income Portfolio (a series of Piper
Funds Inc.), the Adviser, the Distributor, William H. Ellis and Edward J.
Kohler, and had alleged the making of materially misleading statements in the
prospectus, common law negligent misrepresentation and breach of fiduciary duty.
The Settlement Agreement will provide approximately $67.5 million, together with
interest earned, less certain disbursements and attorney fees, to class members
in payments scheduled over approximately three years. Such payments will be
made by Piper Jaffray Companies Inc. and the Adviser and will not be an
obligation of Piper Funds Inc.
Two additional complaints relating to the Institutional Government Income
Portfolio remain pending. These complaints were brought by investors who
requested exclusion from the settlement class and are based on claims similar to
those asserted in the consolidated Class Action complaint. The first pending
complaint was brought on April 11, 1995, and filed in the Minnesota State
District Court, Hennepin County. This action was removed to United States
District Court, District of Minnesota. The plaintiff,
<PAGE>
Frank R. Berman, Trustee of Frank R. Berman Professional CP Pension Plan Trust,
sued individually and not on behalf of any putative class. Defendants are the
Distributor, Piper Funds Inc., Morton Silverman and Worth Bruntjen. A second
pending complaint relating to the Institutional Government Income Portfolio was
filed on June 22, 1995 in the Montana Thirteenth Judicial District Court,
Yellowstone County by Beverly Muth against the Distributor and Teresa L.
Darnielle. In addition to the above complaints, actions have been commenced in
arbitration by some of individual investors who requested exclusion from the
settlement class in the IN RE: PIPER FUNDS INC. action.
A complaint was filed by Gary E. Nelson on June 28, 1995 in the United
States District Court for the Western District of Washington at Seattle against
American Strategic Income Portfolio Inc. -- II ("BSP"), the Adviser, the
Distributor, Piper Jaffray Companies Inc., Worth Bruntjen, Charles N. Hayssen,
Michael Jansen, William H. Ellis and Edward J. Kohler. A second complaint was
filed by the same individual in the same court on July 12, 1995 against American
Opportunity Income Fund Inc. ("OIF"), the Adviser, the Distributor, Piper
Jaffray Companies Inc., Worth Bruntjen, Charles N. Hayssen, Michael Jansen,
William H. Ellis and Edward J. Kohler. On September 7, 1995, Christian
Fellowship Foundation Peace United Church of Christ, Gary E. Nelson and Lloyd
Schmidt filed an amended complaint purporting to be a class action in the United
States District Court for the District of Washington. The complaint was filed
against American Government Income Portfolio, Inc. ("AAF"), American Government
Income Fund Inc. ("AGF"), American Government Term Trust, Inc., American
Strategic Income Portfolio Inc. ("ASP"), American Strategic Income Portfolio
Inc. -- II, American Strategic Income Portfolio Inc. -- III ("CSP"), American
Opportunity Income Fund Inc., American Select Portfolio Inc., Piper Jaffray
Companies Inc., the Distributor, the Adviser and certain associated individuals.
By Order filed October 5, 1995, the complaints were consolidated. Plaintiffs
filed a second amended complaint on February 5, 1996 and a third amended
complaint on June 4, 1996. The third amended third complaint alleges generally
that the prospectus and financial statements of each investment company were
false and misleading. Specific violations of various federal securities laws
are alleged with respect to each investment company. The complaint also alleges
that the defendants violated the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations
Act, the Washington State Securities Act and the Washington Consumer Protection
Act. The named plaintiffs and defendants have executed a Settlement Agreement
and the Court has granted preliminary approval of such Settlement Agreement.
The Final Order of Judgment is under advisement pending a decision on the motion
for an award of attorneys' fees. The Settlement Agreement provides $15.5
million to class members in payments by Piper Jaffray Companies Inc. and the
Adviser over the next four years. The settlement also includes an agreement
that each of OIF, AAF, and AGF would offer to repurchase up to 25% of their
outstanding shares from current shareholders at net asset value. If the
discounts between net asset value and market price of these funds do not
decrease to 5% or less within approximately two years after the effective date
of the settlement, the fund boards may submit shareholder proposals to convert
these funds to an open-end format. Finally, the agreement
<PAGE>
stipulates that each of ASP, BSP, CSP and SLA would offer to repurchase up to
10% of their outstanding shares from current shareholders at net asset value.
Four additional complaints are pending which involve the funds named as
defendants in the Nelson/Christian Fellowship Consolidated Action and are based
on claims similar to that action. The first additional complaint was filed
against the Distributor and Richard Tallent in Montana State District Court,
Silver Bow County on November 1, 1995 by plaintiff John Darlington. The second
complaint was filed against the Distributor and Richard Tallent on April 11,
1996 in Montana State District Court, Silver Bow County by plaintiff Kenneth
Schneider. The third complaint was filed against the Distributor and Richard
Tallent on April 11, 1996 in Montana State District Court, Silver Bow County by
plaintiff Margaret Nagel. The fourth complaint was filed against the
Distributor on August 7, 1996 by plaintiff Kenneth Gennerman as Trustee of the
Nicole Bowlin Trust in Wisconsin Circuit Court, Waukesha County. In addition to
the above complaints, a number of arbitrations have been commenced by individual
investors in the funds named as defendants in the Nelson/Christian Fellowship
Consolidated Action.
Complaints have also been filed relating to two open-end funds for which
the Adviser has acted as sub-adviser, Managers Intermediate Mortgage Fund and
Managers Short Government Fund. A complaint was filed on September 26, 1994 in
the United States District Court, District of Connecticut, by Florence R. Hosea,
Bobby W. Hosea, Getrud B. Dale and Peter M. Dale, Andrew Poffel and Diane Poffel
as tenants by the Entireties, Myrone Sarone, Donna M. DiPalo, Bernard B. Geltner
and Gail Geltner and Paul Delman. The complaint was filed against The Managers
Funds, The Managers Funds, L.P., Robert P. Watson, the Adviser, the Distributor,
an individual associated with the Adviser, Evaluation Associates, Inc. and
Managers Intermediate Mortgage Fund. The complaint, which is a putative class
action, alleges certain violations of federal securities laws, including the
making of false and misleading statements in the prospectus, and alleges
negligent misrepresentation, breach of fiduciary duty and common law fraud. A
similar complaint was filed as a putative class action in the same court on
November 4, 1994. The complaint was filed by Karen E. Kopelman against The
Managers Fund, The Managers Funds, L.P., Robert P. Watson, the Adviser, the
Distributor, Worth Bruntjen, Evaluation Associates, Inc. and Managers
Intermediate Mortgage Fund. The two putative class actions were consolidated by
court order on December 13, 1994. Plaintiffs filed an Amended and Restated
Complaint on July 19, 1995. A complaint relating to the Managers Short
Government Fund was filed on November 18, 1994 in the United States District
Court, District of Minnesota. The complaint was filed by Robert Fleck as a
putative class action against The Managers Funds, The Managers Funds, L.P., the
Adviser, the Distributor, Worth Bruntjen, Evaluation Associates, Inc., Robert P.
Watson, John E. Rosati, William M. Graulty, Madeline H. McWhinney, Steven J.
Pasggioli, Thomas R. Schneeweis and Managers Short Government Fund, F/K/A/
Managers Short Government Income Fund. The complaint alleges certain violations
of federal securities laws, including the making of false and misleading
statements in the
<PAGE>
prospectus, and negligent misrepresentation. The named plaintiff and defendants
have entered into a Settlement Agreement. If granted final approval by the
Court, the settlement agreement will provide to class members up to a total of
$1.5 million collectively from The Managers Funds, L.P. and the Adviser on the
effective date of the settlement. A third complaint relating to both the
Managers Intermediate Mortgage Fund and the Managers Short Government Fund was
filed on October 26, 1995 in Connecticut State Superior Court, Stamford/Norwalk
District. The complaint was filed by First Commercial Trust Company, N.A.
against the Managers Funds, Managers Short Government Fund, Managers
Intermediate Mortgage Fund, Managers Short and Intermediate Bond Fund, The
Managers Funds, L.P., EAIMC Holdings Corporation, Evaluation Associates Holding
Corporation, EAI Partners, L.P., Evaluation Associates, Inc., Robert P. Watson,
William W. Graulty, Madeline H. McWhinney, Steven J. Paggioli, Thomas R.
Schneeweis, William J. Crerend, the Adviser, Piper Jaffray Companies Inc., Worth
Bruntjen, Standish, Ayer & Wood, Inc., TCW Funds Managements, Inc., and TCW
Management Company. The complaint alleges claims under Connecticut common law
and violation of the Connecticut Securities Act and the Connecticut Unfair and
Deceptive Trade Practices Act.
The Adviser and Distributor do not believe that the settlements described
above, or any of the above lawsuits and arbitrations, will have a material
adverse effect upon their ability to perform under their agreements with the
Company, and they intend to defend the remaining lawsuits vigorously.
<PAGE>
APPENDIX A
RATINGS
Description of the two highest commercial paper, bond and other short- and
long-term rating categories assigned by Standard & Poor's Ratings Services
("S&P"), Moody's Investors Service, Inc. ("Moody's"), Fitch Investors Service LP
("Fitch"), Duff & Phelps, Inc. ("Duff"), IBCA Limited and IBCA Inc. ("IBCA") and
Thomson BankWatch, Inc. ("BankWatch").
COMMERCIAL PAPER AND SHORT-TERM RATINGS
The designation A-1 by S&P indicates that the degree of safety regarding
timely payment is either overwhelming or very strong. Those issues determined
to possess overwhelming safety characteristics are denoted with a plus sign (+)
designation. Capacity for timely payment on issues with an A-2 designation is
strong. However, the relative degree of safety is not as high as for issues
designated A-1.
The rating Prime-1 (P-1) is the highest commercial paper rating assigned by
Moody's. Issuers of P-1 paper must have a superior capacity for repayment of
short-term promissory obligations, and ordinarily will be evidenced by leading
market positions in well-established industries, high rates of return on funds
employed, conservative capitalization structures with moderate reliance on debt
and ample asset protection, broad margins in earnings coverage of fixed
financial charges and high internal cash generation, and well-established access
to a range of financial markets and assured sources of alternate liquidity.
Issues rated Prime-2 (P-2) have a strong capacity for repayment of short-term
promissory obligations. This ordinarily will be evidenced by many of the
characteristics cited above, but to a lesser degree. Earnings trends and
coverage ratios, while sound, will be more subject to variation. Capitalization
characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more affected by external
conditions. Ample alternate liquidity is maintained.
The rating Fitch-1 (Highest Grade) is the highest commercial paper rating
assigned by Fitch. Paper rated Fitch-1 is regarded as having the strongest
degree of assurance for timely payment. The rating Fitch-2 (Very Good Grade) is
the second highest commercial paper rating assigned by Fitch which reflects an
assurance of timely payment only slightly less in degree than the strongest
issues.
The rating Duff-1 is the highest commercial paper rating assigned by Duff.
Paper rated Duff-1 is regarded as having very high certainty of timely payment
with excellent liquidity factors which are supported by ample asset protection.
Risk factors are minor. Paper rated Duff-2 is regarded as having good certainty
of timely payment, good access to capital markets, and sound liquidity factors
and company fundamentals. Risk factors are small.
The designation A1 by IBCA indicates that the obligation is supported by a
very
<PAGE>
strong capacity for timely repayment. Those obligations rated A1+ are supported
by the highest capacity for timely repayment. Obligations rated A2 are
supported by a strong capacity for timely repayment, although such capacity may
be susceptible to adverse changes in business, economic or financial conditions.
The rating TBW-1 is the highest short-term obligation rating assigned by
BankWatch. Obligations rated TBW-1 are regarded as having the strongest
capacity for timely repayment. Obligations rated TBW-2 are supported by a
strong capacity for timely repayment, although the degree of safety is not as
high as for issues rated TBW-1.
BOND AND LONG-TERM RATINGS
Bonds rated AAA are considered by S&P to be the highest grade obligations
and possess an extremely strong capacity to pay principal and interest. Bonds
rated AA by S&P are judged by S&P to have a very strong capacity to pay
principal and interest, and in the majority of instances differ only in small
degrees from issues rated AAA.
Bonds rated Aaa are judged by Moody's to be of the best quality. Bonds
rated Aa by Moody's are judged by Moody's to be of high quality by all standards
and, together with the Aaa group, they comprise what are generally known as
high-grade bonds. Bonds rated Aa are rated lower than Aaa bonds because margins
of protection may not be as large or fluctuations of protective elements may be
of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the
long-term risks appear somewhat larger. Moody's applies numerical modifiers 1,
2 and 3 in the Aa rating category. The modifier 1 indicates a ranking for the
security in the higher end of this rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a
mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of
the rating category.
Bonds rated AAA by Fitch are judged by Fitch to be strictly high-grade,
broadly marketable, suitable for investment by trustees and fiduciary
institutions, and liable to but slight market fluctuation other than through
changes in the money rate. The prime feature of an AAA bond is a showing of
earnings several times or many times interest requirements, with such stability
of applicable earnings that safety is beyond reasonable question whatever
changes occur in conditions. Bonds rated AA by Fitch are judged by Fitch to be
of safety virtually beyond question and are readily salable, whose merits are
not unlike those of the AAA class, but whose margin of safety is less strikingly
broad. The issue may be the obligation of a small company, strongly secured but
influenced as to rating by the lesser financial power of the enterprise and more
local type of market.
Bonds rated AAA by Duff are considered to be of the highest credit quality.
The risk factors are negligible, being only slightly more than U.S. Treasury
debt. Bonds rated AA are considered by Duff to be of high credit quality with
strong protection factors. Risk is modest but may vary slightly from time to
time because of economic
<PAGE>
conditions.
Obligations rated AAA by IBCA have the lowest expectation of investment
risk. Capacity for timely repayment of principal and interest is substantial,
such that adverse changes in business, economic or financial conditions are
unlikely to increase investment risk significantly. Obligations rated AA by
IBCA have a very low expectation of investment risk. Capacity for timely
repayment of principal and interest is substantial. Adverse changes in
business, economic or financial condition may increase investment risk, albeit
not very significantly.
IBCA also assigns a rating to certain international and U.S. banks. An
IBCA bank rating represents IBCA's current assessment of the strength of the
bank and whether such bank would receive support should it experience
difficulties. In its assessment of a bank, IBCA uses a dual rating system
comprised of Legal Ratings and Individual Ratings. In addition, IBCA assigns
banks Long- and Short-Term Ratings as used in the corporate ratings discussed
above. Legal Ratings, which range in gradation from 1 through 5, address the
question of whether the bank would receive support provided by central banks or
shareholders if it experienced difficulties, and such ratings are considered by
IBCA to be a prime factor in its assessment of credit risk. Individual Ratings,
which range in gradations from A through E, represent IBCA's assessment of a
bank's economic merits and address the question of how the bank would be viewed
if it were entirely independent and could not rely upon support from state
authorities or its owners.
In addition to its ratings of short-term obligations, BankWatch assigns a
rating to each issuer it rates, in gradations of A through E. BankWatch
examines all segments of the organization, including, where applicable, the
holding company, member banks or associations, and other subsidiaries. In those
instances where financial disclosure is incomplete or untimely, a qualified
rating (QR) is assigned to the institution. BankWatch also assigns, in the case
of foreign banks, a country rating which represents an assessment of the overall
political and economic stability of the country in which the bank is domiciled.
<PAGE>
PART C
OTHER INFORMATION
Growth Fund, Emerging Growth Fund, Small Company
Growth Fund, Growth and Income Fund, Balanced Fund, Intermediate
Bond Fund, National Tax-Exempt Fund, Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund,
Money Market Fund, U.S. Government Money
Market Fund and Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund
ITEM 24. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS
(a) Financial statements are incorporated by reference to the Registrant's
Annual Reports previously filed with the Commission.
(b) Exhibits (all funds except National Tax Exempt Fund and Minnesota Tax
Exempt Fund:
1.1 Restated Articles of Incorporation dated November 23, 1993 *
1.2 Certificate of Designation of Series M Common Shares *
1.3 Certificate of Designation of Class A and Class B Common Shares of
Series A, B, C and E and of Class A, Class B and Class Y Common Shares
of Series K and Series L and of Class A and Class Y Common Shares of
Series H (2)
2.1 Bylaws *
2.2 Amendment to Bylaws dated July 6, 1995 *
2.3 Amendment to Bylaws dated September 13, 1996 (1)
5.1 Investment Advisory and Management Agreement dated February 19, 1987 *
5.2 Supplement to Investment Advisory and Management Agreement dated April
4, 1988 *
5.3 Supplement to Investment Advisory and Management Agreement dated March
16, 1990 *
5.4 Supplement to Investment Advisory and Management Agreement dated July
21, 1992 *
5.5 Supplement to Investment Advisory and Management Agreement dated April
10, 1995 *
6 Distribution Agreement (dated 2/18/97) (2)
9.1 Shareholder Account Servicing Agreement with Piper Trust Company
(dated 11/18/96) (2)
9.2 Shareholder Account Servicing Agreement with Piper Jaffray Inc. (dated
11/30/95) (2)
10.1 Opinion and Consent of Dorsey & Whitney P.L.L.P. (April 7, 1995) *
10.2 Opinion and Consent of Dorsey & Whitney LLP with respect to Class and
Class B shares of Series A, B, C and E; Class A, Class B and Class Y
shares of Series K and Series L; and Class A and Class Y of Series H
(2)
11 Consent of KPMG Peat Marwick LLP (3)
13 Letter of Investment Intent dated April 6, 1995 *
15 Amended Plan of Distribution (effective 2/18/97) (2)
17 Power of Attorney dated November 15, 1996 (2)
18 Plan pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the Investment Company Act of 1940
(2)
<PAGE>
--------------------
* Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 27 to the
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed with the
Commission on November 27, 1995.
(1) Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 to the
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed with the
Commission on September 13, 1996.
(2) Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 36 to the
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed with the
Commission on February 18, 1997.
(3) To be filed by amendment.
(b) Exhibits of National Tax-Exempt Fund and Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund:
1.1 Restated Articles of Incorporation dated November 23, 1993 *
1.2 Certificate of Designation of Series M Common Shares *
1.3 Certificate of Designation of Series J, Class Y Common Shares (2)
2.1 Bylaws *
2.2 Amendment to Bylaws dated July 6, 1995 *
2.3 Amendment to Bylaws dated September 13, 1996 (1)
5.1 Investment Advisory and Management Agreement dated February 19, 1987 *
5.2 Supplement to Investment Advisory and Management Agreement dated April
4, 1988 *
5.3 Supplement to Investment Advisory and Management Agreement dated March
16, 1990 *
5.4 Supplement to Investment Advisory and Management Agreement dated July
21, 1992 *
5.5 Supplement to Investment Advisory and Management Agreement dated April
10, 1995 *
6 Distribution Agreement (dated 2/18/97) (4)
9.1 Shareholder Account Servicing Agreement with Piper Trust Company
(dated 11/18/96) (4)
9.2 Shareholder Account Servicing Agreement with Piper Jaffray Inc. (dated
11/30/95) (4)
10 Opinion and Consent of Dorsey & Whitney P.L.L.P. with respect to Class
Y shares of Series J dated July 31, 1997 (2)
11 Consent of KPMG Peat Marwick LLP (5)
13 Letter of Investment Intent dated April 6, 1995 *
15 Amended Plan of Distribution (effective 2/18/97) (4)
17 Power of Attorney dated November 15, 1996 (4)
18 Plan pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the Investment Company Act of 1940
as amended May 23, 1997 (2)
--------------------
* Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 27 to the
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed with the
Commission on November 27, 1995.
(1) Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 to the
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed with the
Commission on September 13, 1996.
2
<PAGE>
(2) Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39 to the
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed with the
Commission on July 31, 1997.
(3) Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 32 to the
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed with the
Commission on September 25, 1996.
(4) Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 36 to the
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed with the
Commission on February 18, 1997.
(5) To be filed by amendment.
ITEM 25. PERSONS CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON CONTROL WITH REGISTRANT
No person is directly or indirectly controlled by or under common control
with the Registrant.
ITEM 26. NUMBER OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
As of , 1997, the following Common
Shares were outstanding.
Number of Record Holders
------------------------
Class A Class B Class Y
------- ------- -------
Growth Fund *
Emerging Growth Fund
Small Company Growth Fund *
Growth & Income Fund
Balanced Fund
Intermediate Bond Fund * *
Government Income Fund * *
National Tax-Exempt Fund * *
Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund *
Money Market Fund *
U.S. Government Money Market Fund * *
Tax-Exempt Money Market Fund * *
* Class of shares not offered.
ITEM 27. INDEMNIFICATION
The Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Registrant provide that the
Registrant shall indemnify such persons for such expenses and liabilities, in
such manner and under such circumstances, to the full extent permitted by
Section 302A.521, Minnesota Statutes, as now enacted or hereafter amended,
provided that no such indemnification may be made if it would be in violation of
Section 17(h) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as now enacted or hereafter
amended. Section 302A.521 of the Minnesota Statutes, as now enacted, provides
that a corporation shall indemnify a person made or threatened to be made a
party to a proceeding of the person against judgments, penalties, fines,
settlements, and reasonable expenses, including attorneys' fees and
disbursements, incurred by the
3
<PAGE>
person in connection with the proceeding if, with respect to the acts or
omissions of the person complained of in the proceeding, the person has not been
indemnified by another organization for the same judgments, penalties, fines,
settlements, and reasonable expenses incurred by the person in connection with
the proceeding with respect to the same acts or omissions; acted in good faith,
received no improper personal benefit and the Minnesota Statutes dealing with
directors' conflicts of interest, if applicable, have been satisfied; in the
case of a criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe that the
conduct was unlawful; and reasonably believed that the conduct was in the best
interests of the corporation or, in certain circumstances, reasonably believed
that the conduct was not opposed to the best interests of the corporation.
Insofar as the indemnification for liability arising under the Securities
Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers, and controlling persons of
the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the
Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange
Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act
and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification
against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses
incurred or paid by a director, officer, or controlling person of the Registrant
in the successful defense of any action, suit, or proceeding) is asserted by
such director, officer, or controlling person in connection with the securities
being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the
matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of
appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is
against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final
adjudication of such issue.
ITEM 28. BUSINESS AND OTHER CONNECTIONS OF INVESTMENT ADVISER
Information on the business of the Adviser is described in the section of
the Prospectus, incorporated by reference in this Registration Statement,
entitled "Management -- Investment Adviser."
The officers and directors of the Adviser and their titles are as follow:
Name Title
---- -----
William H. Ellis President, Director and Chairman of
the Board
Deborah K. Roesler Director
Bruce C. Huber Director
David E. Rosedahl Director
Momchilo Vucenich Director
Paul A. Dow Senior Vice President and
Chief Investment Officer
Susan S. Miley Senior Vice President, General
Counsel and Secretary
Worth Bruntjen Senior Vice President
Richard Daly Senior Vice President
Michael C. Derck Senior Vice President
4
<PAGE>
Richard W. Filippone Senior Vice President
John J. Gibas Senior Vice President
Marijo A. Goldstein Senior Vice President
Mark R. Grotte Senior Vice President
Jerry F. Gudmundson Senior Vice President
Robert C. Hannah Senior Vice President
Lynne Harrington Senior Vice President
Kim Jenson Senior Vice President
Russell J. Kappenman Senior Vice President
Kimberly F. Kaul Senior Vice President
Lisa A. Kenyon Senior Vice President
Thomas S. McGlinch Senior Vice President
Curt D. McLeod Senior Vice President
Steven V. Markusen Senior Vice President
Paula Meyer Senior Vice President
Robert H. Nelson Senior Vice President
Gary Norstrem Senior Vice President
Nancy S. Olsen Senior Vice President
Ronald R. Reuss Senior Vice President
Bruce D. Salvog Senior Vice President
John K. Schonberg Senior Vice President
Sandra K. Shrewsbury Senior Vice President
Eric L. Siedband Senior Vice President
David M. Steele Senior Vice President
Jill A. Thompson Senior Vice President
Robert H. Weidenhammer Senior Vice President
John G. Wenker Senior Vice President
Douglas J. White Senior Vice President
Cynthia K. Castle Vice President
Molly Destro Vice President
Julie Deutz Vice President
Rochelle B. Gonzo Vice President
Joyce A. K. Halbe Vice President
Joan L. Harrod Vice President
Mary M. Hoyme Vice President
Amy K. Johnson Vice President
John D. Kightlinger Vice President
Wan-Chong Kung Vice President
Jane C. Longueville Vice President
Robert D. Mellum Vice President
Steven Meyer Vice President
Thomas Moore Vice President
Chris Neuharth Vice President
Paul D. Pearson Vice President
Catherine M. Stienstra Vice President
Shaista Tajamal Vice President
Jane K. Welter Vice President
Marcy K. Winson Vice President
Fong P. Woo Vice President
5
<PAGE>
Principal occupations of Messrs. Ellis, Dow, Nelson and Ms. Miley are set
forth in the Statement of Additional Information under the heading "Directors
and Officers." MR. HAYSSEN is a Director of the Adviser and has been Chief
Information Officer of Piper Jaffray Companies Inc. since January 1996 and a
Managing Director of Piper Jaffray Inc. ("Piper Jaffray") since 1986, prior to
which he was a Managing Director of Piper Jaffray Companies Inc. from 1987 to
1995, Chief Financial Officer of Piper Jaffray from 1988 to 1995, Chief
Financial Officer of the Adviser from 1989 to 1995 and Chief Operating Officer
of the Adviser from 1994 to 1995. MR. HUBER has been a Director of the Adviser
since 1985 and a Managing Director of Piper Jaffray since 1986. MR. ROSEDAHL is
a Director of the Adviser and Managing Director and Secretary for Piper Jaffray
and Managing Director, Secretary and General Counsel for Piper Jaffray Companies
Inc. MR. VUCENICH has been a Director of the Adviser since 1994 and a Managing
Director of Piper Jaffray Inc. since 1993.
MR. BRUNTJEN has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since 1988.
MR. DALY has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since November 1996,
prior to which he had been a Vice President of the Adviser from 1992 to 1996 and
an Assistant Vice President of Piper Jaffray since 1990. MR. DERCK has been a
Vice President of the Adviser since November 1992, prior to which he had been a
manager of Advisory Accounts Services with the Adviser since April 1992 and,
before that, an Assistant Vice President at First Trust since 1976. MR.
FILIPPONE has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since 1991. MR. GIBAS
has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since 1992, prior to which he
had been a Vice President of the Adviser from 1987 to 1992. MS. GOLDSTEIN has
been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since 1993, prior to which she was a
Vice President of the Adviser from 1991 to 1993. MR. GROTTE has been a Senior
Vice President of the Adviser since 1992, prior to which he had been a Vice
President of the Adviser from 1988 to 1992. MR. GUDMUNDSON has been a Senior
Vice President of the Adviser since 1995, prior to which he was an Executive
Vice President at Resource Capital Advisers from 1991 to 1995. MR. HANNAH has
been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since 1995, prior to which he was
manager of Craig and Associates in Seattle, Washington from 1993 to 1994, and
prior thereto, he was manager of Exvere in Seattle from January 1993 to August
1993 and a registered representative at Geneva in Irvine, California from 1991
to 1992. MS. HARRINGTON has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since
1995, prior to which she was a Managing Director at Piper Jaffray Inc. in the
Public Finance Department. MS. KENYON has been a Senior Vice President of the
Adviser since 1992, prior to which she had been a financial adviser for a
private family in Los Angeles. MS. JENSON has been a Senior Vice President of
the Adviser since 1996, prior to which she was a Managing Director at Piper
Trust since 1991. MR. KAPPENMAN has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser
since November 1996, prior to which he was a Vice President of the Adviser from
1991 to 1996. MS. KAUL has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since
November 1996 and Director of Corporate Communications of the Adviser since
1991, prior to which she was a Vice President of the Adviser from 1991 to 1996.
MR. MCGLINCH has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since 1995, prior
to which he had been a Vice President of the Adviser since 1992 and, prior
thereto, he had been a specialty products trader at FBS Investment Services from
1990 to 1992. MR. MCLEOD has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since
1995, prior to which he had a Vice President of the Adviser since 1994, and
prior thereto, a
6
<PAGE>
Vice President of Piper Jaffray since 1991. MR. MARKUSEN has been a Senior Vice
President of the Adviser since 1993, prior to which had been a senior vice
president of Investment Advisers, Inc., in Minneapolis, Minnesota from 1989 to
1993. MS. MEYER has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since 1994,
prior to which she had been a Vice President of Secura Insurance, Appleton,
Wisconsin from 1988 to 1994. MR. NORSTREM has been a Senior Vice President of
the Adviser since 1993, prior to which he was Treasurer of the City of Saint
Paul, Minnesota for twenty-eight years. MS. OLSEN has been a Senior Vice
President of the Adviser since 1991. MR. REUSS has been a Senior Vice President
of the Adviser since 1989. MR. SALVOG has been a Senior Vice President of the
Adviser since 1992, prior to which he had been a portfolio manager at Kennedy &
Associates in Seattle, Washington from 1984 to 1992. MR. SCHONBERG has been a
Senior Vice President of the Adviser since 1995, prior to which he was a Vice
President of the Adviser from 1992 to 1995 and a portfolio manager for the
Adviser since 1989. MS. SHREWSBURY has been a Senior Vice President of the
Adviser since 1993, prior to which she had been a Managing Director of Piper
Jaffray since 1992, and a Vice President of Piper Jaffray since 1990. MR.
SIEDBAND has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since November 1996,
prior to which he was a Vice President of the Adviser from 1992 to 1996. MR.
STEELE has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since 1992, prior to
which he had been a portfolio manager at Kennedy & Associates in Seattle,
Washington from 1987 to 1992. MS. THOMPSON has been a Senior Vice President of
the Adviser since November 1996, prior to which she was a Vice President of the
Adviser from 1994 to 1996, and prior thereto, a Vice President of Piper Jaffray
since 1991. MR. WEIDENHAMMER has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser
since 1991. MR. WENKER has been a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since
1993, prior to which he had been a Managing Director of Piper Jaffray from 1992
to 1993, and prior thereto, the Director of Revitalization Resources of the
Minneapolis Community Development Agency from 1990 to 1992. MR. WHITE has been
a Senior Vice President of the Adviser since 1991.
MS. CASTLE has been a Vice President of the Adviser since 1994, prior to
which she was a client service associate of the Adviser since 1990. MS. DESTRO
has been a Vice President of the Adviser since 1994, prior to which she was an
Accounting Manager from 1993 to 1994 and mutual fund accountant from 1991 to
1993 with the Adviser. MS. DEUTZ has been a Vice President of the Adviser since
September 1995, prior to which she was an Assistant Vice President at Daiwa
Bank, Ltd. from 1992 to September 1995 and a manager of financial reporting at
The Churchill Companies from 1991 to 1992. MS. GONZO has been a Vice President
of the Adviser since November 1996, prior to which she was a communications
manager of the Adviser since 1993, and prior thereto, a senior financial
communications specialist at Minnesota Mutual in St. Paul, Minnesota from 1986
to 1993. MS. HALBE has been a Vice President of the Adviser since 1996, prior
to which she was a Vice President at First Asset Management since 1990. MS.
HARROD has been a Vice President of the Adviser since 1992 and has been a trader
for the Adviser since 1989. MS. HOYME has been a Vice President of the Adviser
since 1996, prior to which she had been a Vice President at First Asset
Management since 1989. MS. JOHNSON has been a Vice President of the Adviser
since 1994, prior to which she was an Accounting Manager from 1993 to 1994 and
mutual fund accountant from 1991 to 1993 with the Adviser. MR. KIGHTLINGER has
been a Vice President of the Adviser since 1991. MS. KUNG has
7
<PAGE>
been a Vice President of the Adviser since 1993, prior to which she had been a
Senior Consultant at Cytrol Inc. from 1989 to 1992. MS. LONGUEVILLE has been a
Vice President of the Adviser since November 1996, prior to which she was an
Assistant Vice President since 1995, and prior thereto, a communications manager
at the Adviser. MR. MELLUM has been a Vice President of the Adviser since 1996,
prior to which he was an Assistant Vice President of the Adviser since 1995, and
prior thereto, a credit analyst at the Adviser since 1993, and prior to that he
was a student. MR. MEYER has been a Vice President of the Adviser since 1994
and manager of Systems Integration for the Adviser since 1991. MR. MOORE has
been a Vice President of the Adviser since 1992, prior to which he was a
Portfolio Manager at Alpine Capital Management from 1990 to 1992 and a broker at
Hanifen Capital Management from 1990 to 1992. MR. NEUHARTH has been a Vice
President of the Adviser since 1996, prior to which he had been a senior
mortgage trader at FBS Mortgage since 1995, and prior thereto, a fixed income
portfolio manager at Fortis Financial since 1987. MR. PEARSON has been a Vice
President of the Adviser since 1995, prior to which he was Mutual Funds
Accounting Manager of the Adviser from 1994 to 1995 and prior thereto, Director
of Fund Operations at Norwest Bank, Minneapolis from 1992 to 1994. MS.
STIENSTRA has been a Vice President of the Adviser since November 1995 and a
municipal bond trader of the Adviser since June 1995, prior to which she was an
assistant analyst of the Adviser from 1991 to 1994. MS. TAJAMAL has been a Vice
President of the Adviser since 1995 and a portfolio manager of the Adviser since
1993, prior to which she was a money market analyst of the Adviser from 1990 to
1993. MS. WELTER has been a Vice President of the Adviser since 1994, prior to
which she was a client service associate of the Adviser since 1993 and a mutual
fund accountant with the Adviser from 1990 to 1993. MS. WINSON has been a Vice
President of the Adviser since November 1993, prior to which she was an
Assistant Vice President of the Adviser since March 1993 and an educator from
1990 to 1992. MR. WOO has been a Vice President of the Adviser since 1994,
prior to which he was a municipal credit analyst of the Adviser since 1992 and a
credit specialist at a commercial trading firm from 1991 to 1992.
ITEM 29. PRINCIPAL UNDERWRITERS
(a) Piper Jaffray Inc. acts as principal underwriter for the Registrant
and also for three other open-end investment companies, Piper Funds Inc. -- II,
the shares of which are currently offered in one series, Piper Institutional
Funds Inc., the shares of which are currently offered in one series and Piper
Global Funds Inc., the shares of which are currently offered in two series.
Piper Jaffray has acted as principal underwriter in connection with the initial
public offering of shares of 23 closed-end investment companies.
(b) The name, positions and offices with Piper Jaffray Inc., and positions
and offices with the Registrant of each director and officer of Piper Jaffray
Inc. are as follow:
8
<PAGE>
Positions and Offices Positions and Offices
Name with Underwriter with Registrant
- ----------------- ----------------------------- ---------------------
Addison L. Piper Chairman of the Board of None
Directors and Chief Executive
Officer
Andrew S. Duffe President None
Ralph W. Burnet Member of the Board None
of Directors
William H. Ellis Member of the Board None
of Directors
John L. McElroy, Jr. Member of the Board None
of Directors
Kathy Halbreich Member of the Board None
of Directors
Robert S. Slifka Member of the Board None
of Directors
David Stanley Member of the Board None
of Directors
James J. Bellus Managing Director None
AnnDrea M. Benson Managing Director and None
General Counsel
Lloyd K. Benson Managing Director None
Gary J. Blauer Managing Director None
Karen M. Bohn Managing Director None
Sean K. Boyea Managing Director None
Ronald O. Braun Managing Director None
Jay A. Brunkhorst Managing Director None
Edward M. Caillier Managing Director None
Kenneth S. Cameranesi Managing Director None
Stephen M. Carnes Managing Director None
9
<PAGE>
Positions and Offices Positions and Offices
Name with Underwriter with Registrant
- ----------------- ----------------------------- ---------------------
Joseph V. Caruso Managing Director None
Antonio J. Cecin Managing Director None
Joyce E. Chaney Managing Director None
Kenneth P. Clark Managing Director None
Linda A. Clark Managing Director None
Stephen B. Clark Managing Director None
John P. Clausen Managing Director None
Mark Copman Managing Director None
David P. Crosby Managing Director None
Mark A. Curran Managing Director None
George S. Dahlman Managing Director None
William E. Darling Managing Director None
Michael D. Deede Managing Director None
Jack C. Dillingham Managing Director None
Mark T. Donahoe Managing Director None
Darci L. Doneff Managing Director None
Michael D. Duffy Managing Director None
Andrew W. Dunleavy Managing Director None
Richard A. Edstrom Managing Director None
Fred R. Eoff, Jr. Managing Director None
Richard D. Estenson Managing Director None
Francis E. Fairman IV Managing Director None
John R. Farrish Managing Director None
10
<PAGE>
Positions and Offices Positions and Offices
Name with Underwriter with Registrant
- ----------------- ----------------------------- ---------------------
G. Richard Ferguson Managing Director None
Paul Ferry Managing Director None
Mark E. Fisler Managing Director None
Michael W. Follett Managing Director None
Daniel P. Gallaher Managing Director None
Peter M. Gill Managing Director None
Kevin D. Grahek Managing Director None
Paul D. Grangaard Managing Director None
Thomas J. Gunderson Managing Director None
James S. Harrington Managing Director None
Charles N. Hayssen Managing Director None
William P. Henderson Managing Director None
Allan F. Hickok Managing Director None
Richard L. Hines Managing Director None
David B. Holden Managing Director None
Charles E. Howell Managing Director None
Bruce C. Huber Managing Director None
Elizabeth A. Huey Managing Director None
John R. Jacobs Managing Director None
Earl L. Johnson Managing Director None
Richard L. Johnson Managing Director None
Nicholas P. Karos Managing Director None
Paul P. Karos Managing Director None
11
<PAGE>
Positions and Offices Positions and Offices
Name with Underwriter with Registrant
- ----------------- ----------------------------- ---------------------
Richard G. Kiss Managing Director None
Gordon E. Knudsvig Managing Director None
Jerome P. Kohl Managing Director None
Eric W. Larson Managing Director None
Michael L. Libera Managing Director None
Marina M. Lyon Managing Director None
Robert J. Magnuson Managing Director None
Robert E. Mapes Managing Director None
Peter T. Mavroulis Managing Director None
Timothy R. McClernon Managing Director None
Michael P. McMahon Managing Director None
G. Terry McNellis Managing Director None
Darryl L. Meyers Managing Director None
Joseph E. Meyers Managing Director None
John V. Miller Managing Director None
Davil L. Miogley Managing Director None
Dennis V. Mitchell Managing Director None
Edward P. Nicoski Managing Director None
Barry J. Nordstrand Managing Director None
Benjamin S. Oehler Managing Director None
Brooks G. O'Neil Managing Director None
John P. O'Neill Managing Director None
John Otterlei Managing Director None
12
<PAGE>
Positions and Offices Positions and Offices
Name with Underwriter with Registrant
- ----------------- ----------------------------- ---------------------
Robin C. Pfister Managing Director None
Laurence S. Podobinski Managing Director None
Steven J. Proeschel Managing Director None
Rex W. Ramsay Managing Director None
Brian J. Ranallo Managing Director None
Jeffrey K. Ray Managing Director None
Roger W. Redmond Managing Director None
Robert P. Rinek Managing Director None
Wesley L. Ringo Managing Director None
Jim M. Roane Managing Director None
Deborah K. Roesler Managing Director None
Ross E. Rogers Managing Director None
David E. Rosedahl Managing Director None
and Secretary
Jeanne R. Rosengren Managing Director None
David D. Rothschild Managing Director None
Terry D. Sandven Managing Director None
Thomas P. Schnettler Managing Director None
Steven R. Schroll Managing Director None
Joyce Nelson Schuette Managing Director None\
Lawrence M. Schwartz, Jr. Managing Director None
Morton D. Silverman Managing Director None
Linda E. Singer Managing Director None
David P. Sirianni Managing Director None
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<PAGE>
Positions and Offices Positions and Offices
Name with Underwriter with Registrant
- ----------------- ----------------------------- ---------------------
Arch C. Smith Managing Director None
Robert L. Sonnek Managing Director None
Sandra G. Sponem Managing Director None
Thomas E. Stanberry Managing Director None
DeLos V. Steenson Managing Director None
D. Greg Sundberg Managing Director None
Robert D. Swerdling Managing Director None
William H. Teeter Managing Director None
Ann C. Tillotson Managing Director None
Marie Uhrich Managing Director None
Momchilo Vucenich Managing Director None
Charles M. Webster, Jr. Managing Director None
Darrell L. Westby Managing Director None
David R. Westcott Managing Director None
Douglas R. Whitaker Managing Director None
James H. Wilford Managing Director None
Stephen W. Woodard Managing Director None
Mark Wren Managing Director None
Saul Yaari Managing Director None
Bradley F. Zilka Managing Director None
Beverly J. Zimmer Managing Director None
The principal business address of each of the individuals listed above is Piper
Jaffray Tower, 222 South Ninth Street, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402-3804.
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<PAGE>
ITEM 30. LOCATION OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS
The physical possession of the accounts, books, and other documents
required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940
and Rules 3la-1 to 3la-3 promulgated thereunder is maintained by the Registrant
at Piper Jaffray Tower, 222 South Ninth Street, Minneapolis, Minnesota
55402-3804, except that the physical possession of certain accounts, books and
other documents related to the custody of the Registrant's securities is
maintained by Investors Fiduciary Trust Company, 127 West Tenth Street, Kansas
City, Missouri 64105.
ITEM 31. MANAGEMENT SERVICES
Not applicable.
ITEM 32. UNDERTAKINGS
(a) Not applicable.
(b) Not applicable.
(c) Each recipient of a prospectus of any series of the Registrant may
request the latest Annual Report of such series, and such Annual Report will be
furnished by the Registrant without charge.
15
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the
Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant has duly caused this Registration
Statement on Form N-1A to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto
duly authorized, in the City of Minneapolis and State of Minnesota on the 12th
day of Septmeber 1997.
PIPER FUNDS INC.
(Registrant)
By /s/ Paul A. Dow
---------------------------
Paul A. Dow
President
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities and on the dates indicated:
/s/ Paul A. Dow President (principal September 12, 1997
- -------------------------- executive officer)
Paul A. Dow
/s/ Robert H. Nelson Treasurer (principal September 12, 1997
- -------------------------- financial and
Robert H. Nelson accounting officer)
David T. Bennett* Director
Jaye F. Dyer* Director
William H. Ellis* Director
Karol D. Emmerich* Director
Luella G. Goldberg* Director
David A. Hughey* Director
George Latimer* Director
*By /s/ William H. Ellis
----------------------
William H. Ellis, Attorney-in-Fact September 12, 1997