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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT (NO. 2-54886) UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
PRE-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO.
POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 41
AND
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
AMENDMENT NO. 45
VANGUARD PREFERRED STOCK FUND
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN DECLARATION OF TRUST)
P.O. BOX 2600, VALLEY FORGE, PA 19482
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICE)
REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER (610) 669-1000
R. GREGORY BARTON, ESQUIRE
P.O. BOX 876
VALLEY FORGE, PA 19482
IT IS PROPOSED THAT THIS FILING BECOME EFFECTIVE:
ON FEBRUARY 28, 2000, PURSUANT TO PARAGRAPH (B) OF RULE 485.
APPROXIMATE DATE OF PROPOSED PUBLIC OFFERING:
AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE AFTER THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT BECOMES EFFECTIVE.
<PAGE>
VANGUARD(R)
PREFERRED STOCK
FUND
Prospectus
February 28, 2000
This prospectus contains
financial data for the
Fund through the
fiscal year ended
October 31, 1999.
[A MEMBER OF
THE VANGUARD GROUP LOGO]
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VANGUARD PREFERRED STOCK FUND
Prospectus
February 28, 2000
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CONTENTS
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1 FUND PROFILE 12 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
4 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 14 INVESTING WITH VANGUARD
4 A WORD ABOUT RISK 14 SERVICES AND ACCOUNT FEATURES
4 WHO SHOULD INVEST 15 TYPES OF ACCOUNTS
5 PRIMARY INVESTMENT STRATEGIES 15 BUYING SHARES
8 THE FUND AND VANGUARD 17 REDEEMING SHARES
8 INVESTMENT ADVISER 21 TRANSFERRING REGISTRATION
9 DIVIDENDS, CAPITAL GAINS, AND TAXES 21 FUND AND ACCOUNT UPDATES
11 SHARE PRICE GLOSSARY (inside back cover)
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WHY READING THIS PROSPECTUS IS IMPORTANT
This prospectus explains the objective, risks, and strategies of Vanguard
Preferred Stock Fund. To highlight terms and concepts important to mutual fund
investors, we have provided "Plain Talk(R)" explanations along the way. Reading
the prospectus will help you to decide whether the Fund is the right investment
for you. We suggest that you keep it for future reference.
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NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE SECURITIES OR PASSED UPON THE
ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
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1
FUND PROFILE
The following profile summarizes key features of Vanguard Preferred Stock Fund.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
The Fund seeks to provide current income from investments in preferred stocks,
with a significant portion of income that is DRD-eligible. "DRD-eligible" means
that income qualifies for the federal intercorporate dividends-received
deduction. This deduction permits a corporation to exclude from its taxable
income a portion, currently 70%, of the income it receives in the form of
dividends paid by other U.S. corporations. A portion of the Fund's income will
be non-DRD-eligible.
INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
The Fund invests primarily in dividend-paying, investment-grade preferred stocks
of U.S.-based companies of any size. The Fund will invest more than 25% of its
assets in each of two industries--financial services and utilities.
PRIMARY RISKS
THE FUND'S SHARE PRICE AND TOTAL RETURN WILL FLUCTUATE WITHIN A WIDE RANGE, SO
AN INVESTOR COULD LOSE MONEY OVER SHORT OR EVEN LONG PERIODS. The Fund is also
subject to:
- - Interest rate risk, which is the chance that the market value of preferred
stocks will decline for short or even long periods if interest rates rise.
Interest rate risk is high for preferred stocks.
- - Credit risk, which is the chance that an issuing corporation will fail to
make dividend payments on its preferred stock. Many preferred stocks are
issued by companies that lack top credit ratings.
- - Industry concentration risk, which is the chance that the Fund's returns
could be hurt significantly by problems affecting a particular industry.
Because more than 80% of the Fund's holdings typically are invested in the
financial-services and utility industries, the Fund's performance can be
significantly affected by developments in those industries.
- - Manager risk, which is the chance that poor security selection will cause
the Fund to underperform other funds with similar investment objectives.
- - Legislative risk, which is the chance that a change in federal tax law
could reduce or eliminate the 70% dividends-received deduction, which would
reduce the market value of preferred stocks that pay DRD-eligible income.
PERFORMANCE/RISK INFORMATION
The bar chart and table below provide an indication of the risk of investing in
the Fund. The bar chart shows the Fund's performance in each calendar year over
a ten-year period. The table shows how the Fund's average annual total returns
for one, five, and ten calendar years compare with those of a broad-based
securities market index. Keep in mind that the Fund's past performance does not
indicate how it will perform in the future.
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2
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ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS
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1990 6.40%
1991 20.95%
1992 8.42%
1993 13.04%
1994 -7.95%
1995 25.93%
1996 8.45%
1997 12.99%
1998 6.68%
1999 -5.82%
----------------------------------------------------
During the period shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a calendar
quarter was 9.09% (quarter ended March 31, 1995) and the lowest return for a
quarter was -3.71% (quarter ended March 31, 1994).
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AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS FOR YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1999
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1 YEAR 5 YEARS 10 YEARS
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Vanguard Preferred Stock Fund -5.82% 9.17% 8.45%
Preferred Stock Composite Index* -1.20 8.16 8.25
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*Figures are for Merrill Lynch Perpetual Preferred Index through January 1997
and Merrill Lynch DRD-Eligible Preferred Stock Index thereafter.
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FEES AND EXPENSES
The following table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and
hold shares of the Fund. The expenses shown under Annual Fund Operating Expenses
are based upon those incurred in the fiscal year ended October 31, 1999.
SHAREHOLDER FEES (fees paid directly from your investment)
Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases: None
Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Reinvested Dividends: None
Redemption Fee: None
Exchange Fee: None
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (expenses deducted from the Fund's assets)
Management Expenses: 0.33%
12b-1 Distribution Fee: None
Other Expenses: 0.03%
TOTAL ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES: 0.36%
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3
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PLAIN TALK ABOUT
FUND EXPENSES
All mutual funds have operating expenses. These expenses, which are deducted
from a fund's gross income, are expressed as a percentage of the net assets of
the fund. Vanguard Preferred Stock Fund's expense ratio in fiscal year 1999 was
0.36%, or $3.60 per $1,000 of average net assets. The average fixed income
mutual fund in 1999 had expenses of 1.05%, or $10.50 per $1,000 of average net
assets (derived from data provided as of December 31, 1999 by Lipper Inc., which
reports on the mutual fund industry). Management expenses, which comprise one
part of operating expenses, include investment advisory fees as well as other
costs of managing a fund--such as account maintenance, reporting, accounting,
legal, and other administrative expenses.
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The following example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing
in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. It illustrates the
hypothetical expenses that you would incur over various periods if you invest
$10,000 in the Fund. This example assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5%
a year, and that operating expenses remain the same. The results apply whether
or not you redeem your investment at the end of each period.
----------------------------------------------------
1 YEAR 3 YEARS 5 YEARS 10 YEARS
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$37 $116 $202 $456
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THIS EXAMPLE SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED TO REPRESENT ACTUAL EXPENSES OR
PERFORMANCE FROM THE PAST OR FOR THE FUTURE. ACTUAL FUTURE EXPENSES MAY BE
HIGHER OR LOWER THAN THOSE SHOWN.
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PLAIN TALK ABOUT
THE COSTS OF INVESTING
Costs are an important consideration in choosing a mutual fund. That's because
you, as a shareholder, pay the costs of operating a fund, plus any transaction
costs associated with the fund's buying and selling of securities. These costs
can erode a substantial portion of the gross income or capital appreciation a
fund achieves. Even seemingly small differences in expenses can, over time, have
a dramatic effect on a fund's performance.
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4
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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
DIVIDENDS AND CAPITAL GAINS MINIMUM INITIAL INVESTMENT
Dividends are distributed quarterly in March, $3,000
June, September, and December; capital gains, if
any, are distributed annually in December NEWSPAPER ABBREVIATION
Prefd
INVESTMENT ADVISER
Wellington Management Company, LLP, Boston, VANGUARD FUND NUMBER
Mass., since inception 038
INCEPTION DATE CUSIP NUMBER
December 3, 1975 92204P204
NET ASSETS AS OF OCTOBER 31, 1999 TICKER SYMBOL
$315 million VQIIX
SUITABLE FOR IRAS
No
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A WORD ABOUT RISK
This prospectus describes risks you would face as an investor in Vanguard
Preferred Stock Fund. It is important to keep in mind one of the main axioms of
investing: The higher the risk of losing money, the higher the potential reward.
The reverse, also, is generally true: The lower the risk, the lower the
potential reward. As you consider an investment in Vanguard Preferred Stock
Fund, you should also take into account your personal tolerance for the daily
fluctuations of the stock market.
Look for this [FLAG] symbol throughout the prospectus. It is used to mark
detailed information about each type of risk that you would confront as a
shareholder of the Fund.
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WHO SHOULD INVEST
The Fund may be a suitable investment for you if:
- - You are seeking a high level of income from your investments and can
tolerate substantial price fluctuations due to changes in interest rates.
- - You wish to add a preferred stock fund to your existing holdings.
- - You are a corporate investor eligible for the federal dividends-received
deduction. (Note: Subchapter S corporations are not eligible for this
deduction.)
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PLAIN TALK ABOUT
COSTS AND MARKET-TIMING
Some investors try to profit from market-timing--switching money into
investments when they expect prices to rise, and taking money out when they
expect the market to fall. As money is shifted in and out, a fund incurs
expenses for buying and selling securities. These costs are borne by all fund
shareholders, including the long-term investors who do not generate the costs.
Therefore, the Fund discourages short-term trading by, among other things,
limiting the number of exchanges it permits.
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5
THE VANGUARD FUNDS DO NOT PERMIT MARKET-TIMING. DO NOT INVEST IN THIS FUND
IF YOU ARE A MARKET-TIMER.
The Fund has adopted the following policies, among others, to discourage
short-term trading:
- - The Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase request--including
exchanges from other Vanguard funds--that it regards as disruptive to the
efficient management of the Fund. A purchase request could be rejected
because of the timing of the investment or because of a history of
excessive trading by the investor.
- - There is a limit on the number of times you can exchange into and out of
the Fund (see "Redeeming Shares" in the INVESTING WITH VANGUARD section).
- - The Fund reserves the right to stop offering shares at any time.
PRIMARY INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
This section explains the strategies that the investment adviser uses in pursuit
of the Fund's objective to provide current income from investments in preferred
stocks, with a significant portion of income that is DRD-eligible. It also
explains how the adviser implements these strategies. The Fund's Board of
Trustees oversees the management of the Fund, and may change the investment
objective or strategies in the interest of shareholders.
In addition, this section discusses several important risks--interest rate
risk, credit risk, industry concentration risk, manager risk, and legislative
risk--faced by investors in the Fund.
NOTE: BECAUSE PREFERRED STOCKS SHARE MANY INVESTMENT CHARACTERISTICS WITH
BONDS, THE RISKS AND POTENTIAL REWARDS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND ARE MORE SIMILAR
TO THOSE ASSOCIATED WITH A BOND FUND THAN A STOCK FUND.
MARKET EXPOSURE
The Fund invests predominantly in dividend-paying, investment-grade, preferred
stocks of U.S.-based companies. Preferred stocks are securities that pay
dividends at a specified rate and have "preference" over common stock in the
payment of dividends and the liquidation of assets. This means that a company
must pay dividends on its preferred stock before paying any dividends on its
common stock, and that the claims of preferred stockholders are ahead of those
of common stockholders on assets in a corporate liquidation. Preferred
stockholders usually have no right to vote for corporate directors or on other
matters.
Preferred stocks pay a fixed stream of income to investors, and these
income payments are the primary source of long-term investment returns on
preferred stocks. The market value of preferred stocks--especially perpetual
preferred stocks, which have no stated maturity date--is extremely sensitive to
changes in interest rates. When interest rates rise, the market value of
preferred stocks will fall; when interest rates fall, the value of preferred
stocks will rise.
In addition to perpetual preferred stock, the Fund may also invest in
hybrid preferred securities and other types of preferred securities. Hybrid
preferred securities have many characteristics similar to preferred stock;
however, their dividends are not DRD-eligible. Also, like corporate bonds,
hybrid preferred securities have defined maturity dates.
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6
[FLAG] THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO INTEREST RATE RISK, WHICH IS THE CHANCE THAT THE
MARKET VALUE OF PREFERRED STOCKS WILL DECLINE FOR SHORT OR EVEN LONG PERIODS IF
INTEREST RATES RISE. INTEREST RATE RISK IS HIGH FOR PREFERRED STOCKS.
As an illustration of interest rate risk, the following table shows the
effect of a 1% and a 2% change in interest rates on the prices of a long-term
bond:
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HOW INTEREST RATE CHANGES AFFECT THE
VALUE OF A $1,000 INVESTMENT*
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AFTER A 1% AFTER A 1% AFTER A 2% AFTER A 2%
TYPE OF BOND (MATURITY) INCREASE DECREASE INCREASE DECREASE
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Long-Term (20 years) $889 $1,131 $794 $1,286
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*Assumes a 5.5% yield.
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The preceding table is intended to illustrate interest rate risk and to
help you determine the degree of risk you are willing to assume. The price
changes shown in the table are not meant to represent past or future changes in
the Fund's share price.
SECURITY SELECTION
The Fund's adviser selects securities after thoroughly researching them and the
financial condition of their issuers, in order to ascertain the creditworthiness
of each security and the issuer's ability to make dividend payments on its
preferred stock. A security will be sold when it is no longer as attractive as
an alternative investment.
[FLAG] THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO CREDIT RISK, WHICH IS THE CHANCE THAT AN ISSUER OF
PREFERRED STOCK WILL FAIL TO PAY DIVIDENDS IN A TIMELY MANNER.
The failure of an issuer to pay dividends in a timely manner may cause a
decline in income and potentially in market value. The Fund tries to moderate
credit risk by owning securities issued by many different companies and by
avoiding preferred stocks with credit ratings below investment grade. Although
preferred stocks usually carry lower credit ratings than ordinary corporate
bonds issued by the same company, the Fund normally maintains an average credit
quality of "a", which is defined by Moody's Investors Service as "an
upper-medium grade preferred stock" whose earnings and asset protection are
"expected to be maintained at adequate levels."
[FLAG] THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO INDUSTRY CONCENTRATION RISK, WHICH IS THE CHANCE
THAT THE FUND'S RETURNS COULD BE HURT SIGNIFICANTLY BY PROBLEMS AFFECTING A
PARTICULAR INDUSTRY. BECAUSE THE BULK OF THE FUND'S HOLDINGS (TYPICALLY MORE
THAN 80%) ARE INVESTED IN TWO INDUSTRIES--FINANCIAL SERVICES AND UTILITIES--ITS
PERFORMANCE CAN BE SIGNIFICANTLY AFFECTED BY DEVELOPMENTS IN THOSE INDUSTRIES.
<PAGE>
7
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PLAIN TALK ABOUT
FUND DIVERSIFICATION
In general, the more diversified a fund's stock holdings, the less likely it is
that a specific stock's poor performance will hurt the fund. One measure of a
fund's diversification is the percentage of its assets represented by its ten
largest holdings. The average U.S. equity mutual fund has about 30% of its
assets invested in its ten largest holdings, while some less-diversified funds
have more than 50% of their assets invested in the stocks of just ten companies.
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As of October 31, 1999, the Fund had invested 45% of net assets in its top
ten holdings including 11% of net assets in securities issued by the Federal
Home Loan Corporation, a quasi-governmental financial services corporation.
Investment grade preferred stocks are issued by comparatively few
companies, and the Fund may have difficulty finding enough suitable securities
to meet its investment objective if new preferred stock issuance decreases
substantially or new investments in the Fund increase substantially. Although
the Fund's adviser strives to maintain exposure to several industries, most
investment-grade preferred stocks are issued by companies within the financial
services and utilities industries. As a result, it is difficult to spread the
Fund's assets across industry groups.
The profitability of both financial services and utilities industries is
heavily influenced by the level of interest rates, changing regulatory
environments, and intensifying competition. Other factors that can harm the
performance of financial-services companies include fluctuations in the economy
and financial markets. Among other factors that can harm the financial
performance of utilities are changes in energy costs, environmental regulations,
and increased competition due to deregulation of prices and supply.
[FLAG] THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO MANAGER RISK, WHICH IS THE CHANCE THAT THE ADVISER
MAY DO A POOR JOB OF SELECTING PREFERRED STOCKS.
The Fund is generally managed without regard to tax ramifications.
[FLAG] THE FUND IS SUBJECT TO LEGISLATIVE RISK, WHICH IS THE CHANCE THAT A
CHANGE IN FEDERAL TAX LAW COULD REDUCE OR ELIMINATE THE 70% DIVIDENDS-RECEIVED
DEDUCTION, WHICH WOULD REDUCE THE MARKET VALUE OF PREFERRED STOCKS THAT PAY
DRD-ELIGIBLE INCOME.
Current tax law allows corporations to exclude from gross income 70% of
"qualified" dividends received from other domestic corporations that are subject
to federal income tax. This dividends-received deduction (DRD) effectively
increases the after-tax return of dividends from preferred stocks.
From time to time, proposals have been made to lower the 70% DRD. If such a
tax law change were made, the market value of preferred stocks that pay
DRD-eligible income would decline to compensate for the higher tax that
corporate investors would have to pay on the dividends.
TURNOVER RATE
Although the Fund generally seeks to invest for the long term, it retains the
right to sell securities regardless of how long the securities have been held.
The Fund's average
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8
turnover rate for the past five years has been about 27%. (A turnover rate of
100% would occur, for example, if the Fund sold and replaced securities valued
at 100% of its net assets within a one-year period.)
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PLAIN TALK ABOUT
TURNOVER RATE
Before investing in a mutual fund, you should review its turnover rate. This
gives an indication of how transaction costs could affect the fund's future
returns. In general, the greater the volume of buying and selling by the fund,
the greater the impact that brokerage commissions and other transaction costs
will have on its return. Also, funds with high turnover rates may be more likely
to generate capital gains that must be distributed to shareholders as income
subject to taxes. As of October 31, 1999, the average turnover rate for all
domestic stock funds was approximately 87%, according to Morningstar, Inc.
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TEMPORARY INVESTMENT MEASURES
The Fund may temporarily depart from its normal investment policies--for
instance, by investing substantially in cash reserves--in response to
extraordinary market, economic, political, or other conditions. In doing so, the
Fund may succeed in avoiding losses but otherwise fail to achieve its investment
objective.
THE FUND AND VANGUARD
The Fund is a member of The Vanguard Group, a family of more than 35 investment
companies with more than 100 funds holding assets worth more than $530 billion.
All of the Vanguard funds share in the expenses associated with business
operations, such as personnel, office space, equipment, and advertising.
Vanguard also provides marketing services to the funds. Although
shareholders do not pay sales commissions or 12b-1 distribution fees, each fund
pays its allocated share of The Vanguard Group's marketing costs.
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PLAIN TALK ABOUT
VANGUARD'S UNIQUE CORPORATE STRUCTURE
The Vanguard Group is truly a MUTUAL mutual fund company. It is owned jointly by
the funds it oversees and thus indirectly by the shareholders in those funds.
Most other mutual funds are operated by for-profit management companies that may
be owned by one person, by a group of individuals, or by investors who own the
management company's stock. By contrast, Vanguard provides its services on an
"at-cost" basis, and the funds' expense ratios reflect only these costs. No
separate management company reaps profits or absorbs losses from operating the
funds.
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INVESTMENT ADVISER
The Fund employs Wellington Management Company, LLP (Wellington Management), 75
State Street, Boston, MA 02109, as its investment adviser. Wellington Management
manages the Fund subject to the control of the Trustees and officers of the
Fund.
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9
Wellington Management's advisory fee is paid quarterly. This fee is based
on certain annual percentage rates applied to the Fund's average month-end
assets for each quarter.
For the fiscal year ended October 31, 1999, the investment advisory fee
paid to Wellington Management represented an effective annual rate of 0.13% of
the Fund's average net assets.
The Fund has authorized Wellington Management to choose brokers or dealers
to handle the purchase and sale of securities for the Fund, and to get the best
available price and most favorable execution from these brokers with respect to
all transactions.
In the interest of obtaining better execution of a transaction, Wellington
Management may choose brokers who charge higher commissions. If more than one
broker can obtain the best available price and most favorable execution of a
transaction, then Wellington Management is authorized to choose a broker who, in
addition to executing the transaction, will provide research services to
Wellington Management or the Fund. Also, the Fund may direct Wellington
Management to use a particular broker for certain transactions in exchange for
commission rebates or research services provided to the Fund.
The Board of Trustees may, without prior approval from shareholders, change
the terms of an advisory agreement or hire a new investment adviser--either as a
replacement for an existing adviser or as an additional adviser. Any significant
change in the Fund's advisory arrangements will be communicated to shareholders
in writing. In addition, as the Fund's sponsor and overall manager, The Vanguard
Group may provide investment advisory services to the Fund, on an at-cost basis,
at any time.
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PLAIN TALK ABOUT
THE FUND'S ADVISER
Wellington Management Company, LLP is an investment advisory firm founded in
1928. As of October 31, 1999, Wellington Management managed more than $224
billion in stock and bond funds, including all or part of 14 Vanguard funds. The
manager responsible for overseeing the implementation of Wellington Management's
strategy for Vanguard Preferred Stock Fund is:
EARL E. MCEVOY, Senior Vice President and Partner of Wellington Management and
Fund Manager since 1982; has worked in investment management since 1972; with
Wellington Management since 1978; B.A., Dartmouth College; M.B.A., Columbia
Business School.
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DIVIDENDS, CAPITAL GAINS, AND TAXES
FUND DISTRIBUTIONS
The Fund distributes to shareholders virtually all of its net income (interest
and dividends, less expenses), as well as any capital gains realized from the
sale of its holdings. Income dividends generally are distributed in March, June,
September, and December; capital gains distributions generally occur in
December. You can receive distributions of income dividends or capital gains in
cash, or you can have them automatically reinvested in more shares of the Fund.
BASIC TAX POINTS
Vanguard will send you a statement each year showing the tax status of all your
distributions. In addition, taxable investors should be aware of the following
basic tax points:
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10
- - Distributions are taxable to you whether or not you reinvest these amounts
in additional Fund shares.
- - Distributions declared in December--if paid to you by the end of
January--are taxable as if received in December.
- - Any dividends and short-term capital gains that you receive are taxable to
you as ordinary income for federal income tax purposes.
- - Any distributions of net long-term capital gains are taxable to you as
long-term capital gains for federal income tax purposes, no matter how long
you've owned shares in the Fund.
- - Capital gains distributions may vary considerably from year to year as a
result of the Fund's normal investment activities and cash flows.
- - A sale or exchange of Fund shares is a taxable event. This means that you
may have a capital gain to report as income, or a capital loss to report as
a deduction, when you complete your federal income tax return.
- - State and local income taxes may apply to any dividend or capital gains
distributions that you receive, as well as your gains or losses from any
sale or exchange of Fund shares.
GENERAL INFORMATION
BACKUP WITHHOLDING. By law, Vanguard must withhold 31% of any taxable
distributions or redemptions from your account if you do not provide us with
your correct taxpayer identification number and certify that it is correct.
Similarly, Vanguard must withhold from your account if the IRS instructs us to
do so.
FOREIGN INVESTORS. The Vanguard funds generally do not offer their shares for
sale outside of the United States. Foreign investors should be aware that U.S.
withholding and estate taxes may apply to any investments in Vanguard funds.
INVALID ADDRESSES. If a dividend or capital gains distribution check mailed to
your address of record is returned as undeliverable, Vanguard will automatically
reinvest all future distributions until you provide us with a valid mailing
address.
TAX CONSEQUENCES. This prospectus provides general tax information only. If you
are investing through a tax-deferred retirement account, such as an IRA, special
tax rules apply. Please consult your tax adviser for detailed information about
a fund's tax consequences for you.
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PLAIN TALK ABOUT
DISTRIBUTIONS
As a shareholder, you are entitled to your share of the fund's income from
interest and dividends, and gains from the sale of investments. You receive such
earnings as either an income dividend or a capital gains distribution. Income
dividends come from both the dividends that the fund earns from its holdings and
the interest it receives from its money market and bond investments. Capital
gains are realized whenever the fund sells securities for higher prices than it
paid for them. These capital gains are either short-term or long-term, depending
on whether the fund held the securities for one year or less, or more than one
year.
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11
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PLAIN TALK ABOUT
"BUYING A DIVIDEND"
Unless you are investing through a tax-deferred retirement account (such as an
IRA), it is not to your advantage to buy shares of a fund shortly before it
makes a distribution, because doing so can cost you money in taxes. This is
known as "buying a dividend." For example: on December 15, you invest $5,000,
buying 250 shares for $20 each. If the fund pays a distribution of $1 per share
on December 16, its share price would drop to $19 (not counting market change).
You still have only $5,000 (250 shares x $19 = $4,750 in share value, plus 250
shares x $1 = $250 in distributions), but you owe tax on the $250 distribution
you received--even if you reinvest it in more shares. To avoid "buying a
dividend," check a fund's distribution schedule before you invest.
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SHARE PRICE
The Fund's share price, called its net asset value, or NAV, is calculated each
business day after the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange
(the NAV is not calculated on holidays or other days when the Exchange is
closed). Net asset value per share is computed by adding up the total value of
the Fund's investments and other assets, subtracting any of its liabilities
(debts), and then dividing by the number of Fund shares outstanding:
TOTAL ASSETS - LIABILITIES
NET ASSET VALUE = -------------------------------
NUMBER OF SHARES OUTSTANDING
Knowing the daily net asset value is useful to you as a shareholder because
it indicates the current value of your investment. The Fund's NAV, multiplied by
the number of shares you own, gives you the dollar amount you would have
received had you sold all of your shares back to the Fund that day.
A NOTE ON PRICING: The Fund's investments will be priced at their market
value when market quotations are readily available. When these quotations are
not readily available, investments will be priced at their fair value,
calculated according to procedures adopted by the Fund's Board of Trustees.
The Fund's share price can be found daily in the mutual fund listings of
most major newspapers under the heading "Vanguard Funds." Different newspapers
use different abbreviations of the Fund's name, but the most common is PREFD.
<PAGE>
12
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The following financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the
Fund's financial performance for the past five years, and certain information
reflects financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the
table represent the rate that an investor would have earned or lost each year on
an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividend and capital
gains distributions). This information has been derived from the financial
statements audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent accountants, whose
report--along with the Fund's financial statements--is included in the Fund's
most recent annual report to shareholders. You may have the annual report sent
to you without charge by contacting Vanguard.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VANGUARD PREFERRED STOCK FUND
YEAR ENDED OCTOBER 31,
-----------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997 1996 1995
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET ASSET VALUE, BEGINNING OF YEAR $10.36 $10.17 $9.67 $9.61 $8.35
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVESTMENT OPERATIONS
Net Investment Income .590 .58 .63 .69 .66
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain
(Loss) on Investments (.825) .22 .53 .04 1.25
-----------------------------------------
Total from Investment Operations (.235) .80 1.16 .73 1.91
-----------------------------------------
DISTRIBUTIONS
Dividends from Net Investment Income (.560) (.61) (.66) (.67) (.65)
Distributions from Realized Capital
Gains (.125) --- --- --- ---
-----------------------------------------
Total Distributions (.685) (.61) (.66) (.67) (.65)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET ASSET VALUE, END OF YEAR $9.44 $10.36 $10.17 $9.67 $9.61
================================================================================
TOTAL RETURN -2.47% 8.00% 12.44% 8.04% 23.79%
================================================================================
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
Net Assets, End of Year (Millions) $315 $381 $320 $286 $308
Ratio of Total Expenses to
Average Net Assets 0.36% 0.36% 0.37% 0.39% 0.52%
Ratio of Net Investment Income to
Average Net Assets 5.76% 5.60% 6.41% 7.23% 7.43%
Turnover Rate 11% 39% 34% 31% 20%
================================================================================
<PAGE>
13
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PLAIN TALK ABOUT
HOW TO READ THE FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS TABLE
The Fund began fiscal 1999 with a net asset value (price) of $10.36 per share.
During the year, the Fund earned $0.590 per share from investment income
(interest and dividends). There was a decline of $0.825 per share in the value
of investments held or sold by the Fund, resulting in a net decline of $0.235
from investment operations.
Shareholders received $0.685 per share in the form of dividend and capital gains
distributions. A portion of each year's distributions may come from the prior
year's income or capital gains.
Investment losses ($0.235 per share) plus the distributions ($0.685 per share)
resulted in a share price of $9.44 at the end of the year. This was a decrease
of $0.92 per share (from $10.36 at the beginning of the year to $9.44 at the end
of the year). For a shareholder who reinvested the distributions in the purchase
of more shares, the total return from the Fund was -2.47% for the year.
As of October 31, 1999, the Fund had $315 million in net assets. For the year,
its expense ratio was 0.36% ($3.60 per $1,000 of net assets); and its net
investment income amounted to 5.76% of its average net assets. It sold and
replaced securities valued at 11% of its net assets.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"Standard & Poor's(R)," "S&P(R)," "S&P 500(R)," "Standard & Poor's 500," and
"500" are trademarks of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
<PAGE>
14
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVESTING WITH VANGUARD
Are you looking for the most convenient way to open or add money to a Vanguard
account? Obtain instant access to fund information? Establish an account for a
minor child or for your retirement savings?
Vanguard can help. Our goal is to make it easy and pleasant for you to do
business with us.
The following sections of the prospectus briefly explain the many services
we offer. Booklets providing detailed information are available on the services
marked with a [BOOKLET]. Please call us to request copies.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SERVICES AND ACCOUNT FEATURES
Vanguard offers many services that make it convenient to buy, sell, or exchange
shares, or to obtain fund or account information.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TELEPHONE REDEMPTIONS (SALES AND EXCHANGES)
Automatically set up for this Fund unless you notify us otherwise.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VANGUARD(R) DIRECT DEPOSIT SERVICE [BOOKLET]
Automatic method for depositing your paycheck or U.S. government payment
(including Social Security and government pension checks) into your account.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VANGUARD(R) AUTOMATIC EXCHANGE SERVICE [BOOKLET]
Automatic method for moving a fixed amount of money from one Vanguard fund
account to another.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VANGUARD FUND EXPRESS(R) [BOOKLET]
Electronic method for buying or selling shares. You can transfer money between
your Vanguard fund account and an account at your bank, savings and loan, or
credit union on a systematic schedule or whenever you wish.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VANGUARD DIVIDEND EXPRESS(TM) [BOOKLET]
Electronic method for transferring dividend and/or capital gains distributions
directly from your Vanguard fund account to your bank, savings and loan, or
credit union account.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VANGUARD TELE-ACCOUNT(R) 1-800-662-6273 (ON-BOARD) [BOOKLET]
Toll-free 24-hour access to Vanguard fund and account information--as well as
some transactions--by using any touch-tone phone. Tele-Account provides total
return, share price, price change, and yield quotations for all Vanguard funds;
gives your account balances and history (e.g., last transaction, latest dividend
distribution); and allows you to sell or exchange shares to and from most
Vanguard funds.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ACCESS VANGUARD(TM) www.vanguard.com [COMPUTER]
You can use your personal computer to perform certain transactions for most
Vanguard funds by accessing our website. To establish this service, you must
register through our website. We will then mail you an account access password
that allows you to process the following financial and administrative
transactions online:
- - Open a new account.*
- - Buy, sell, or exchange shares of most funds.
- - Change your name/address.
<PAGE>
15
- - Add/change fund options (including dividend options, Vanguard Fund Express,
bank instructions, checkwriting, and Vanguard Automatic Exchange Service).
(Some restrictions may apply.) Please call our Client Services Department
for assistance.
*Only current Vanguard shareholders can open a new account online, by exchanging
shares from other existing Vanguard accounts.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVESTOR INFORMATION DEPARTMENT: 1-800-662-7447 (SHIP) TEXT TELEPHONE:
1-800-952-3335
Call Vanguard for information on our funds, fund services, and retirement
accounts, and to request literature.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CLIENT SERVICES DEPARTMENT: 1-800-662-2739 (CREW) TEXT TELEPHONE: 1-800-749-7273
Call Vanguard for information on your account, account transactions, and account
statements.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SERVICES FOR CLIENTS OF VANGUARD'S INSTITUTIONAL DIVISION: 1-888-809-8102
Vanguard's Institutional Division offers a variety of specialized services for
large institutional investors, including the ability to effect account
transactions through private electronic networks and third-party recordkeepers.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TYPES OF ACCOUNTS
Individuals and institutions can establish a variety of accounts with Vanguard.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOR ONE OR MORE PEOPLE
Open an account in the name of one (individual) or more (joint tenants) people.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOR HOLDING PERSONAL TRUST ASSETS [BOOKLET]
Invest assets held in an existing personal trust.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOR AN ORGANIZATION [BOOKLET]
Open an account as a corporation, partnership, endowment, foundation, or other
entity.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A NOTE ON INVESTING WITH VANGUARD THROUGH OTHER FIRMS
You may purchase or sell Fund shares through a financial intermediary such as a
bank, broker, or investment adviser. If you invest with Vanguard through an
intermediary, please read that firm's program materials carefully to learn of
any special rules that may apply. For example, special terms may apply to
additional service features, fees, or other policies. Consult your intermediary
to determine when your order will be priced.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BUYING SHARES
You buy your shares at the Fund's next-determined net asset value after Vanguard
receives your request. As long as your request is received before the close of
trading on the New York Stock Exchange, generally 4 p.m. Eastern time, you will
buy your shares at that day's net asset value.
<PAGE>
16
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MINIMUM INVESTMENT TO . . .
open a new account
$3,000.
add to an existing account
$100 by mail or exchange; $1,000 by wire.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A NOTE ON LOW BALANCES
The Fund reserves the right to close any nonretirement fund account whose
balance falls below the minimum initial investment. The Fund will deduct a $10
annual fee in June if your nonretirement account balance at that time is below
$2,500. The low balance fee is waived for investors who have aggregate Vanguard
account assets of $50,000 or more.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BY MAIL TO . . . [ENVELOPE]
open a new account
Complete and sign the account registration form and enclose your check.
add to an existing account
Mail your check with an Invest-By-Mail form detached from your confirmation
statement to the address listed on the form. Please do not alter Invest-By-Mail
forms, since they are fund- and account-specific.
Make your check payable to: The Vanguard Group-38
All purchases must be made in U.S. dollars, and checks must be drawn on U.S.
banks.
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 1110 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-1110 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
For clients of Vanguard's Institutional Division . . .
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 2900 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2900 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IMPORTANT NOTE: To prevent check fraud, Vanguard will not accept checks made
payable to third parties.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BY TELEPHONE TO . . . [TELEPHONE]
open a new account
Call Vanguard Tele-Account* 24 hours a day--or Client Services during business
hours--to exchange from another Vanguard fund account with the same registration
(name, address, taxpayer identification number, and account type). (Note that
some restrictions apply to index fund accounts.)
add to an existing account
Call Vanguard Tele-Account* 24 hours a day--or Client Services during business
hours--to exchange from another Vanguard fund account with the same registration
(name, address, taxpayer identification number, and account type). (Note that
some restrictions apply to index fund accounts.) Use Vanguard Fund Express (see
"Services and Account Features")
<PAGE>
17
to transfer assets from your bank account. Call Client Services before your
first use to verify that this option is available.
Vanguard Tele-Account Client Services
1-800-662-6273 1-800-662-2739
*You must obtain a Personal Identification Number through Tele-Account at least
seven days before you request your first exchange.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IMPORTANT NOTE: Once you have initiated a telephone transaction and a
confirmation number has been assigned, the transaction cannot be revoked. We
reserve the right to refuse any purchase request.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BY WIRE TO OPEN A NEW ACCOUNT OR ADD TO AN EXISTING ACCOUNT [WIRE]
Call Client Services to arrange your wire transaction. Wire transactions to
retirement accounts are only available for asset transfers and rollovers from
other financial institutions. Individual IRA contributions will not be accepted
by wire.
Wire to:
FRB ABA 021001088
HSBC Bank USA
For credit to:
Account: 000112046
Vanguard Incoming Wire Account
In favor of:
Vanguard Preferred Stock Fund-38
[Account number, or temporary number for a new account]
[Registered account owner(s)]
[Registered address]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You can redeem (that is, sell or exchange) shares purchased by check or Vanguard
Fund Express at any time. However, while your redemption request will be
processed at the next-determined net asset value after it is received, your
redemption proceeds will not be available until payment for your purchase is
collected, which may take up to ten calendar days.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A NOTE ON LARGE PURCHASES
It is important that you call Vanguard before you invest a large dollar amount.
It is our responsibility to consider the interests of all Fund shareholders, and
so we reserve the right to refuse any purchase that may disrupt the Fund's
operation or performance.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
REDEEMING SHARES
This section describes how you can redeem--that is, sell or exchange--the Fund's
shares.
When Selling Shares:
- - Vanguard sends the redemption proceeds to you or a designated third party.*
- - You can sell all or part of your Fund shares at any time.
*May require a signature guarantee; see footnote on page 20.
<PAGE>
18
When Exchanging Shares:
- - The redemption proceeds are used to purchase shares of a different Vanguard
fund.
- - You must meet the receiving fund's minimum investment requirements.
- - Vanguard reserves the right to revise or terminate the exchange privilege,
limit the amount of an exchange, or reject an exchange at any time, without
notice.
- - In order to exchange into an account with a different registration
(including a different name, address, or taxpayer identification number),
you must obtain the guaranteed signatures of all current account owners on
your written instructions.
In both cases, your transaction will be based on the Fund's next-determined
share price, subject to any special rules discussed in this prospectus.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: Once a redemption is initiated and a confirmation number given, the
transaction CANNOT be canceled.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HOW TO REQUEST A REDEMPTION
You can request a redemption from your Fund account in any one of three ways:
online, by telephone, or by mail.
The Vanguard funds whose shares you cannot exchange online or by telephone
are VANGUARD U.S. STOCK INDEX FUNDS, VANGUARD BALANCED INDEX FUND, VANGUARD
INTERNATIONAL STOCK INDEX FUNDS, VANGUARD REIT INDEX FUND, and VANGUARD GROWTH
AND INCOME FUND. These funds do, however, permit online and telephone exchanges
within IRAs and other retirement accounts. If you sell shares of these funds
online, you will receive a redemption check at your address of record.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ONLINE REQUESTS [COMPUTER]
ACCESS VANGUARD at www.vanguard.com
You can use your personal computer to sell or exchange shares of most Vanguard
funds by accessing our website. To establish this service, you must register
through our website. We will then mail you an account access password that will
enable you to sell or exchange shares online (as well as perform other
transactions).
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TELEPHONE REQUESTS [TELEPHONE]
All Account Types Except Retirement:
Call Vanguard Tele-Account 24 hours a day--or Client Services during business
hours-- to sell or exchange shares. You can exchange shares from this Fund to
open an account in another Vanguard fund or to add to an existing Vanguard fund
account with an identical registration.
Retirement Accounts:
You can exchange--but not sell--shares by calling Tele-Account or Client
Services.
Vanguard Tele-Account Client Services
1-800-662-6273 1-800-662-2739
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPECIAL INFORMATION: We will automatically establish the telephone redemption
option for your account, unless you instruct us otherwise in writing. While
telephone redemption is easy and convenient, this account feature involves a
risk of loss from unauthorized or fraudulent transactions. Vanguard will take
reasonable precautions to protect your account from fraud. You should do the
same by keeping your account information private and immediately reviewing any
account statements that we send to you. Make sure to contact Vanguard
immediately about any transaction you believe to be unauthorized.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
We reserve the right to refuse a telephone redemption if the caller is unable to
provide:
<PAGE>
19
- - The ten-digit account number.
- - The name and address exactly as registered on the account.
- - The primary Social Security or employer identification number as registered
on the account.
- - The Personal Identification Number, if applicable (for instance,
Tele-Account).
Please note that Vanguard will not be responsible for any account losses
due to telephone fraud, so long as we have taken reasonable steps to verify the
caller's identity. If you wish to remove the telephone redemption feature from
your account, please notify us in writing.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A NOTE ON UNUSUAL CIRCUMSTANCES
Vanguard reserves the right to revise or terminate the telephone redemption
privilege at any time, without notice. In addition, Vanguard can stop selling
shares or postpone payment at times when the New York Stock Exchange is closed
or under any emergency circumstances as determined by the U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission. If you experience difficulty making a telephone redemption
during periods of drastic economic or market change, you can send us your
request by regular or express mail. Follow the instructions on selling or
exchanging shares by mail in this section.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MAIL REQUESTS [ENVELOPE]
All Account Types Except Retirement:
Send a letter of instruction signed by all registered account holders. Include
the fund name and account number and (if you are selling) a dollar amount or
number of shares OR (if you are exchanging) the name of the fund you want to
exchange into and a dollar amount or number of shares. To exchange into an
account with a different registration (including a different name, address,
taxpayer identification number, or account type), you must provide Vanguard with
written instructions that include the guaranteed signatures of all current
owners of the fund from which you wish to redeem.
Depending on your account registration type, additional documentation may be
required.
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 1110 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-1110 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
For clients of Vanguard's Institutional Division . . .
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 2900 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2900 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A NOTE ON LARGE REDEMPTIONS
It is important that you call Vanguard before you redeem a large dollar amount.
It is our responsibility to consider the interests of all fund shareholders, and
so we reserve the right to delay delivery of your redemption proceeds--up to
seven days--if the amount may disrupt the Fund's operation or performance.
If you redeem more than $250,000 worth of Fund shares within any 90-day
period, the Fund reserves the right to pay part or all of the redemption
proceeds above $250,000 in-kind, i.e., in securities, rather than in cash. If
payment is made in-kind, you may incur brokerage commissions if you elect to
sell the securities for cash.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE>
20
OPTIONS FOR REDEMPTION PROCEEDS
You may receive your redemption proceeds in one of four ways: check, wire,
exchange to another Vanguard fund, or Fund Express Redemption.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHECK REDEMPTIONS
Normally, Vanguard will mail your check within two business days of a
redemption.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WIRE REDEMPTIONS
The wire redemption option is not automatic; you must establish it by completing
a special form or the appropriate section of your account application. Wire
redemptions can be initiated by mail or by telephone during Vanguard's business
hours, but not online. For telephone requests made by 4 p.m. EST, the wire will
arrive at your bank by the close of business on the following business day.
NOTE: Wire redemptions of less than $5,000 are subject to a $5 processing fee.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXCHANGE REDEMPTIONS
As described above, an exchange involves using the proceeds of your redemption
to purchase shares of another Vanguard fund.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FUND EXPRESS REDEMPTIONS
Vanguard will electronically transfer funds to your pre-linked checking or
savings account.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOR OUR MUTUAL PROTECTION
For your best interests and ours, Vanguard applies these additional requirements
to redemptions:
REQUEST IN "GOOD ORDER"
All redemption requests must be received by Vanguard in "good order." This means
that your request must include:
- - The Fund name and account number.
- - The amount of the transaction (in dollars or shares).
- - Signatures of all owners exactly as registered on the account (for mail
requests).
- - Signature guarantees (if required).*
- - Any supporting legal documentation that may be required.
- - Any outstanding certificates representing shares to be redeemed.
*For instance, a signature guarantee must be provided by all registered account
shareholders when redemption proceeds are to be sent to a different person or
address. A signature guarantee can be obtained from most commercial and savings
banks, credit unions, trust companies, or member firms of a U.S. stock exchange.
TRANSACTIONS ARE PROCESSED AT THE NEXT-DETERMINED SHARE PRICE AFTER VANGUARD HAS
RECEIVED ALL REQUIRED INFORMATION.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LIMITS ON ACCOUNT ACTIVITY
Because excessive account transactions can disrupt management of the Fund and
increase the Fund's costs for all shareholders, Vanguard limits account activity
as follows:
- - You may make no more than TWO SUBSTANTIVE "ROUND TRIPS" THROUGH THE FUND
during any 12-month period.
- - Your round trips through the Fund must be at least 30 days apart.
- - The Fund may refuse a share purchase at any time, for any reason.
- - Vanguard may revoke an investor's telephone exchange privilege at any time,
for any reason.
<PAGE>
21
A "round trip" is a redemption from the Fund followed by a purchase back into
the Fund. Also, a "round trip" covers transactions accomplished by any
combination of methods, including transactions conducted by check, wire, or
exchange to/from another Vanguard fund. "Substantive" means a dollar amount that
Vanguard determines, in its sole discretion, could adversely affect the
management of the Fund.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RETURN YOUR SHARE CERTIFICATES
Any portion of your account represented by share certificates cannot be redeemed
until you return the certificates to Vanguard. Certificates must be returned
(unsigned), along with a letter requesting the sale or exchange you wish to
process, via certified mail to:
The Vanguard Group
455 Devon Park Drive
Wayne, PA 19087-1815
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ALL TRADES ARE FINAL
Vanguard will not cancel any transaction request (including any purchase or
redemption) that we believe to be authentic once the request has been initiated
and a confirmation number assigned.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNCASHED CHECKS
Please cash your distribution or redemption checks promptly. Vanguard will not
pay interest on uncashed checks.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TRANSFERRING REGISTRATION
You can transfer the registration of your Fund shares to another owner by
completing a transfer form and sending it to Vanguard.
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 1110 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-1110 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
For clients of Vanguard's Institutional Division . . .
First-class mail to: Express or Registered mail to:
The Vanguard Group The Vanguard Group
P.O. Box 2900 455 Devon Park Drive
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2900 Wayne, PA 19087-1815
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FUND AND ACCOUNT UPDATES
STATEMENTS AND REPORTS
We will send you account and tax statements to help you keep track of your Fund
account throughout the year as well as when you are preparing your income tax
returns.
In addition, you will receive financial reports about the Fund twice a
year. These comprehensive reports include an assessment of the Fund's
performance (and a comparison to its
<PAGE>
22
industry benchmark), an overview of the financial markets, a report from the
advisers, and the Fund's financial statements which include a listing of the
Fund's holdings.
To keep the Fund's costs as low as possible (so that you and other
shareholders can keep more of the Fund's investment earnings), Vanguard attempts
to eliminate duplicate mailings to the same address. When two or more Fund
shareholders have the same last name and address, we send just one Fund report
to that address--instead of mailing separate reports to each shareholder. If you
want us to send separate reports, notify our Client Services Department at
1-800-662-2739.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONFIRMATION STATEMENT
Sent each time you buy, sell, or exchange shares; confirms the trade date and
the amount of your transaction.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PORTFOLIO SUMMARY [BOOKLET]
Mailed quarterly for most accounts; shows the market value of your account at
the close of the statement period, as well as distributions, purchases, sales,
and exchanges for the current calendar year.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FUND FINANCIAL REPORTS
Mailed in December and June for this Fund.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TAX STATEMENTS
Generally mailed in January; report previous year's dividend and capital gains
distributions and proceeds from the sale of shares.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AVERAGE COST REVIEW STATEMENT [BOOKLET]
Issued quarterly for most taxable accounts (accompanies your Portfolio Summary);
shows the average cost of shares that you redeemed during the calendar year,
using only the average cost single category method.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<PAGE>
(THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK.)
<PAGE>
(THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK.)
<PAGE>
GLOSSARY OF INVESTMENT TERMS
CAPITAL GAINS DISTRIBUTION
Payment to mutual fund shareholders of gains realized on securities that the
fund has sold at a profit, minus any realized losses.
CASH RESERVES
Cash deposits, short-term bank deposits, and money market instruments which
include U.S. Treasury bills, bank certificates of deposit (CDs), repurchase
agreements, commercial paper, and banker's acceptances.
CREDIT QUALITY
An assessment of the ability of a preferred stock issuer to pay dividends in a
timely manner.
DIVIDEND INCOME
Payment to shareholders of income from interest or dividends generated by a
fund's investments.
EXPENSE RATIO
The percentage of a fund's average net assets used to pay its expenses. The
expense ratio includes management fees, administrative fees, and any 12b-1
distribution fees.
INVESTMENT ADVISER
An organization that makes the day-to-day decisions regarding a fund's
investments.
MUTUAL FUND
An investment company that pools the money of many people and invests it in a
variety of securities in an effort to achieve a specific objective over time.
NET ASSET VALUE (NAV)
The market value of a mutual fund's total assets, minus liabilities, divided by
the number of shares outstanding. The value of a single share is called its
share value or share price.
PERPETUAL PREFERRED
A type of preferred stock that has no stated maturity date.
PREFERRED STOCK
A class of capital stock on which a company pays dividends at a specified rate.
Preferred stock dividends must be paid before a company can pay dividends on
common stock. Also, preferred stockholders have a claim ahead of common
stockholders to corporate assets in the event of a liquidation.
PRINCIPAL
The amount of money you put into an investment.
SECURITIES
Stocks, bonds, and other investment vehicles.
TOTAL RETURN
A percentage change, over a specified time period, in a mutual fund's net asset
value, with the ending net asset value adjusted to account for the reinvestment
of all distributions of dividends and capital gains.
VOLATILITY
The fluctuations in value of a mutual fund or other security. The greater a
fund's volatility, the wider the fluctuations between its high and low prices.
YIELD
Income (interest or dividends) earned by an investment, expressed as a
percentage of the investment's price.
<PAGE>
[SHIP LOGO]
[THE VANGUARD GROUP LOGO]
Post Office Box 2600
Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600
FOR MORE INFORMATION
If you'd like more information about
Vanguard Preferred Stock Fund, the
following documents are available
free upon request:
ANNUAL/SEMIANNUAL REPORTS
TO SHAREHOLDERS
Additional information about the
Fund's investments is available in
the Fund's annual and semiannual
reports to shareholders.
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION (SAI)
The SAI provides more detailed
information about the Fund.
The current annual and semiannual
reports and the SAI are
incorporated by reference into
(and are thus legally a part of)
this prospectus.
To receive a free copy of the latest
annual or semiannual report or the
SAI, or to request additional
information about the Fund or other
Vanguard funds, please contact us
as follows:
THE VANGUARD GROUP
INVESTOR INFORMATION
DEPARTMENT
P.O. BOX 2600
VALLEY FORGE, PA 19482-2600
TELEPHONE:
1-800-662-7447 (SHIP)
TEXT TELEPHONE:
1-800-952-3335
WORLD WIDE WEB:
WWW.VANGUARD.COM
If you are a current Fund shareholder
and would like information about
your account, account transactions,
and/or account statements,
please call:
CLIENT SERVICES DEPARTMENT
TELEPHONE:
1-800-662-2739 (CREW)
TEXT TELEPHONE:
1-800-749-7273
INFORMATION PROVIDED BY THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION (SEC)
You can review and copy
information about the Fund
(including the SAI) at the SEC's
Public Reference Room in
Washington, DC. To find out more
about this public service, call the
SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Reports and
other information about the Fund are
also available on the SEC's website
(www.sec.gov), or you can receive
copies of this information, for a fee,
by writing the Public Reference
Section, Securities and Exchange
Commission, Washington, DC
20549-0102.
Fund's Investment Company Act
file number: 811-2601
(C) 2000 The Vanguard Group, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Vanguard Marketing Corporation,
Distributor.
P038N-02/28/2000
<PAGE>
PART B
VANGUARD PREFERRED STOCK FUND
(THE FUND)
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
FEBRUARY 28, 2000
This Statement is not a prospectus, but should be read in conjunction with the
Fund's current Prospectus (dated February 28, 2000). To obtain, without charge,
the Prospectus or the most recent Annual Report to Shareholders, which contains
the Fund's financial statements as hereby incorporated by reference, please
call:
INVESTOR INFORMATION DEPARTMENT:
1-800-662-7447
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
DESCRIPTION OF THE FUND......................................................B-1
INVESTMENT POLICIES..........................................................B-3
YIELD AND TOTAL RETURN.......................................................B-6
SHARE PRICE..................................................................B-7
PURCHASE OF SHARES...........................................................B-8
REDEMPTION OF SHARES.........................................................B-8
FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS...........................................B-9
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND......................................................B-10
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES................................................B-13
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS......................................................B-14
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS........................................................B-15
COMPARATIVE INDEXES.........................................................B-15
APPENDIX-DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED STOCK RATINGS.............................B-17
DESCRIPTION OF THE FUND
ORGANIZATION
The Fund was originally organized as a Maryland corporation in 1975. In 1984 the
Fund was reorganized into a Pennsylvania business trust, and on May 29, 1998 was
again reorganized into a Delaware business trust. The Fund is registered with
the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission) under the
Investment Company Act of 1940 (the 1940 Act) as an open-end, diversified
management investment company. It currently offers a single class of shares, but
has the ability to offer additional share classes. There is no limit on the
number of full and fractional shares that the Fund may issue.
SERVICE PROVIDERS
CUSTODIAN. State Street Bank and Trust Company, 225 Franklin Street,
Boston, Massachusetts 02110, serves as the Fund's custodian. The custodian is
responsible for maintaining the Fund's assets and keeping all necessary accounts
and records of Fund assets.
INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 30 South 17th Street,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103, serves as the Fund's independent accountants.
The accountants audit financial statements for the Fund and provide other
related services.
TRANSFER AND DIVIDEND-PAYING AGENT. The Fund's transfer agent and
dividend-paying agent is The Vanguard Group, Inc., 100 Vanguard Boulevard,
Malvern, Pennsylvania 19355.
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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FUND'S SHARES
RESTRICTIONS ON HOLDING OR DISPOSING OF SHARES. There are no restrictions
on the right of shareholders to retain or dispose of the Fund's shares, other
than the possible future termination of the Fund. The Fund may be terminated by
reorganization into another mutual fund or by liquidation and distribution of
its assets. Unless terminated by reorganization or liquidation, the Fund will
continue indefinitely.
SHAREHOLDER LIABILITY. The Fund is organized under Delaware law, which
provides that shareholders of a business trust are entitled to the same
limitations of personal liability as shareholders of a corporation organized
under Delaware law. Effectively, this means that a shareholder of the Fund will
not be personally liable for payment of the Fund's debts except by reason of his
or her own conduct or acts. In addition, a shareholder could incur a financial
loss on account of a Fund obligation only if the Fund itself had no remaining
assets with which to meet such obligation. We believe that the possibility of
such a situation arising is extremely remote.
DIVIDEND RIGHTS. The shareholders of the Fund are entitled to receive any
dividends or other distributions declared for the Fund. No shares have priority
or preference over any other shares with respect to distributions. Distributions
will be made from the assets of the Fund, and will be paid ratably to all Fund
shareholders according to the number of shares held by shareholders on the
record date.
VOTING RIGHTS. Shareholders are entitled to vote on a matter if (i) a
shareholder vote is required under the 1940 Act; (ii) the matter concerns an
amendment to the Declaration of Trust that would adversely affect to a material
degree the rights and preferences of the Fund's shares; or (iii) the Trustees
determine that it is necessary or desirable to obtain a shareholder vote. The
1940 Act requires a shareholder vote under various circumstances, including to
elect or remove Trustees upon the written request of shareholders representing
10% or more of the Fund's net assets, and to change any fundamental policy of
the Fund. Shareholders of the Fund receive one vote for each dollar of net asset
value owned on the record date, and a fractional vote for each fractional dollar
of net asset value owned on the record date. Voting rights are non-cumulative
and cannot be modified without a majority vote.
LIQUIDATION RIGHTS. In the event of liquidation, shareholders will be
entitled to receive a pro rata share of the Fund's net assets.
PREEMPTIVE RIGHTS. There are no preemptive rights associated with the
Fund's shares.
CONVERSION RIGHTS. There are no conversion rights associated with the
Fund's shares.
REDEMPTION PROVISIONS. The Fund's redemption provisions are described in
its current prospectus and elsewhere in this Statement of Additional
Information.
SINKING FUND PROVISIONS. The Fund has no sinking fund provisions.
CALLS OR ASSESSMENTS. The Fund's shares, when issued, are fully paid and
non-assessable.
TAX STATUS OF THE FUND
The Fund intends to continue to qualify as a "regulated investment company"
under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code. This special tax status means
that the Fund will not be liable for federal tax on income and capital gains
distributed to shareholders. In order to preserve its tax status, the Fund must
comply with certain requirements. If the Fund fails to meet these requirements
in any taxable year, it will be subject to tax on its taxable income at
corporate rates, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including any
distributions of net tax-exempt income and net long-term capital gains, will be
taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. In addition, the Fund could be
required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and
make substantial distributions before regaining its tax status as a regulated
investment company.
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INVESTMENT POLICIES
The following policies supplement the Fund's investment objective and policies
set forth in the Prospectus.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS. The Fund may invest, directly or indirectly, in
repurchase agreements with commercial banks, brokers or dealers, either for
defensive purposes due to market conditions or to generate income from its
excess cash balances. A repurchase agreement is an agreement under which the
Fund acquires a fixed-income security (generally a security issued by the U.S.
Government or an agency thereof, a banker's acceptance or a certificate of
deposit) from a commercial bank, broker, or dealer, subject to resale to the
seller at an agreed upon price and date (normally, the next business day). A
repurchase agreement may be considered a loan collateralized by securities. The
resale price reflects an agreed upon interest rate effective for the period the
instrument is held by the Fund and is unrelated to the interest rate on the
underlying instrument. In these transactions, the securities acquired by the
Fund (including accrued interest earned thereon) must have a total value in
excess of the value of the repurchase agreement and are held by a custodian bank
until repurchased. In addition, the Fund's Board of Trustees monitors the Fund's
repurchase agreement transactions generally and has established guidelines and
standards for review by the investment adviser of the creditworthiness of any
bank, broker, or dealer that is a party to a repurchase agreement with the Fund.
The use of repurchase agreements involves certain risks. For example, if
the other party to the agreement defaults on its obligation to repurchase the
underlying security at a time when the value of the security has declined, the
Fund may incur a loss upon disposition of the security. If the other party to
the agreement becomes insolvent and subject to liquidation or reorganization
under bankruptcy or other laws, a court may determine that the underlying
security is collateral for a loan by the Fund not within the control of the
Fund, and therefore the realization by the Fund on such collateral may be
automatically stayed. Finally, it is possible that the Fund may not be able to
substantiate its interest in the underlying security and may be deemed an
unsecured creditor of the other party to the agreement. While the adviser
acknowledges these risks, it is expected that they can be controlled through
careful monitoring procedures.
ILLIQUID SECURITIES. The Fund is permitted to invest up to 15% of its net
assets in illiquid securities. Illiquid securities are securities that cannot be
sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven business
days at approximately the value at which they are carried on the Fund's books.
The Fund may invest in restricted, privately placed securities that, under
securities laws, may be sold only to qualified institutional buyers. Because
these securities can be resold only to qualified institutional buyers, they may
be considered illiquid securities--meaning that they could be difficult for the
Fund to convert to cash if needed.
If a substantial market develops for a restricted security held by the
Fund, it will be treated as a liquid security, in accordance with procedures and
guidelines approved by the Fund's Board of Trustees. This generally includes
securities that are unregistered that can be sold to qualified institutional
buyers in accordance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933 (the 1933
Act). While the Fund's investment adviser determines the liquidity of restricted
securities on a daily basis, the Board oversees and retains ultimate
responsibility for the adviser's decisions. Several factors that the Board
considers in monitoring these decisions include the valuation of a security, the
availability of qualified institutional buyers, and the availability of
information about the security's issuer.
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS. The Fund is authorized to invest in foreign
securities, although typically the Fund has few, if any, foreign holdings.
Investors should recognize that investing in foreign companies involves certain
special considerations not typically associated with investing in U.S.
companies.
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Currency Risk. A fund that holds foreign securities will be affected
favorably or unfavorably by changes in currency rates and in exchange control
regulations, and may incur costs in connection with conversions between various
currencies. The Fund's investment policies permit it to enter into forward
foreign currency exchange contracts in order to hedge any foreign holdings and
commitments against changes in the level of future currency rates.
Country Risk. Because foreign companies may not be subject to uniform
accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards and practices comparable
to those applicable to domestic companies, there may be less publicly available
information about certain foreign companies than about domestic companies.
Securities of some foreign companies are generally less liquid and more volatile
than securities of comparable domestic companies. There is generally less
government supervision and regulation of foreign stock exchanges, brokers and
listed companies than in the U.S. In addition, with respect to certain foreign
countries, there is the possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation,
political or social instability, or diplomatic developments which could affect
investments in those countries.
Federal Tax Treatment of Non-U.S. Transactions. Special rules govern the
Federal income tax treatment of certain transactions denominated in terms of a
currency other than the U.S. dollar or determined by reference to the value of
one or more currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The types of transactions
covered by the special rules include the following: (i) the acquisition of, or
becoming the obligor under, a bond or other debt instrument (including, to the
extent provided in Treasury regulations, preferred stock); (ii) the accruing of
certain trade receivables and payables; and (iii) the entering into or
acquisition of any forward contract, futures contract, option or similar
financial instrument if such instrument is not marked to market. The disposition
of a currency other than the U.S. dollar by a taxpayer whose functional currency
is the U.S. dollar is also treated as a transaction subject to the special
currency rules. However, foreign currency-related regulated futures contracts
and nonequity options are generally not subject to the special currency rules if
they are or would be treated as sold for their fair market value at year-end
under the marking-to-market rules applicable to other futures contracts unless
an election is made to have such currency rules apply. With respect to
transactions covered by the special rules, foreign currency gain or loss is
calculated separately from any gain or loss on the underlying transaction and is
normally taxable as ordinary income or loss. A taxpayer may elect to treat as
capital gain or loss foreign currency gain or loss arising from certain
identified forward contracts, futures contracts and options that are capital
assets in the hands of the taxpayer and which are not part of a straddle. The
Treasury Department issued regulations under which certain transactions subject
to the special currency rules that are part of a "section 988 hedging
transaction" (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and
the Treasury regulations) will be integrated and treated as a single transaction
or otherwise treated consistently for purposes of the Code. Any gain or loss
attributable to the foreign currency component of a transaction engaged in by a
fund which is not subject to the special currency rules (such as foreign equity
investments other than certain preferred stock) will be treated as capital gain
or loss and will not be segregated from the gain or loss on the underlying
transaction. It is anticipated that some of the non-U.S. dollar-denominated
investments and foreign currency contracts the Fund may make or enter into will
be subject to the special currency rules described above.
FUTURES CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS. Although it has no present intention to do
so, the Fund is authorized to enter into stock futures contracts, options, and
options on futures contracts for the following reasons: to maintain cash
reserves while simulating full investment, to facilitate trading, to reduce
transaction costs, or to seek higher investment returns when a futures contract
is priced more attractively than the underlying equity security or index.
Futures contracts provide for the future sale by one party and purchase by
another party of a specified amount of a specific security at a specified future
time and at a specified price. While the Fund will incur commission expenses in
both opening and closing out futures positions, these costs typically are lower
than transaction costs incurred in the purchase and sale of portfolio
securities.
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Restrictions on the Use of Futures Contracts. The Fund will not enter into
futures contract transactions to the extent that, immediately thereafter, the
sum of its initial margin deposits on open contracts exceeds 5% of the Fund's
total assets. In addition, the Fund will not enter into futures contracts to the
extent that its outstanding obligations to purchase securities under these
contracts would exceed 20% of the Fund's total assets.
Risk Factors in Futures Contracts. Positions in futures contracts may be
closed out only on an exchange which provides a secondary market for such
futures. However, there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will
exist for any particular futures contract at any specific time. Thus, it may not
be possible to close a futures position. In the event of adverse price
movements, the Fund would continue to be required to make daily cash payments to
maintain its required margin. In such situations, if the Fund has insufficient
cash, it may have to sell portfolio securities to meet daily margin requirements
at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. In addition, the Fund may be
required to make delivery of the instruments underlying futures contracts it
holds. The inability to close options and futures positions also could have an
adverse impact on the ability to effectively hedge. The Fund will minimize the
risk that it will be unable to close out a futures contract by only entering
into futures contracts which are traded on national futures exchanges and for
which there appears to be a liquid secondary market.
The risk of loss in trading futures contracts in some strategies can be
substantial, due both to the low margin deposits required, and the extremely
high degree of leverage involved in futures pricing. As a result, a relatively
small price movement in a futures contract may result in immediate and
substantial loss (as well as gain) to the investor. For example, if, at the time
of purchase, 10% of the value of the futures contract is deposited as margin, a
subsequent 10% decrease in the value of the futures contract would result in a
total loss of the margin deposit, before any deduction for the transaction
costs, if the account were then closed out. A 15% decrease would result in a
loss equal to 150% of the original margin deposit if the contract were closed
out. Thus, a purchase or sale of a futures contract may result in losses in
excess of the amount invested in the contract. However, because the Fund will
hold futures only for hedging purposes, the investment adviser does not believe
that the Fund is subject to the risks of loss typically associated with futures
transactions. The Fund would presumably have sustained comparable losses if,
instead of the futures contract, it had invested in the underlying financial
instrument and sold it after the decline.
Utilization of futures transactions by a Fund involves the risk of
imperfect or no correlation where the securities underlying futures contracts
have different maturities than the portfolio securities being hedged. It is also
possible that a Fund could both lose money on futures contracts and experience a
decline in the value of its portfolio securities. There is also the risk of loss
by a Fund of margin deposits in the event of bankruptcy of a broker with whom
the Fund has an open position in a futures contract or related option.
Federal Tax Treatment of Futures Contracts. The Fund is required for
Federal income tax purposes to recognize as income for each taxable year its net
unrealized gains and losses on certain futures contracts as of the end of the
year as well as those actually realized during the year. In these cases, any
gain or loss recognized with respect to a futures contract is considered to be
60% long-term capital gain or loss and 40% short-term capital gain or loss,
without regard to the holding period of the contract. Gains and losses on
certain other futures contracts (primarily non-U.S. futures contracts) are not
recognized until the contracts are closed and are treated as long-term or
short-term depending on the holding period of the contract. Sales of futures
contracts which are intended to hedge against a change in the value of
securities held by a Fund may affect the holding period of such securities and,
consequently, the nature of the gain or loss on such securities upon
disposition. A Fund may be required to defer the recognition of losses on
futures contracts to the extent of any unrecognized gains on related positions
held by the Fund.
In order for a Fund to continue to qualify for Federal income tax treatment
as a regulated investment company, at least 90% of its gross income for a
taxable year must be derived from qualifying income; i.e., dividends, interest,
income derived from loans of securities, gains from the sale of securities or
foreign currencies, or other income derived with respect to the Fund's business
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of investing in securities or currencies. It is anticipated that any net gain
recognized on futures contracts will be considered qualifying income for
purposes of the 90% requirement.
A Fund will distribute to shareholders annually any net capital gains which
have been recognized for Federal income tax purposes on futures transactions.
Such distributions will be combined with distributions of capital gains realized
on the Fund's other investments and shareholders will be advised on the nature
of the transactions.
LENDING OF SECURITIES. Although there is little demand to borrow preferred
stock, the Fund is authorized to lend its portfolio securities on a short-term
or a long-term basis to qualified institutional investors (typically brokers,
dealers, banks or other financial institutions) who need to borrow securities in
order to complete certain transactions, such as covering short sales, avoiding
failures to deliver securities or completing arbitrage operations. By lending
its portfolio securities, the Fund can increase its income through the receipt
of interest on the loan. Since income derived from lending portfolio securities
is not qualifying income for the purpose of the intercorporate
dividends-received deduction under Federal tax law, the Fund will limit such
activity in accordance with its objective of maximizing dividend income which
qualifies for the deduction. In any event, the Fund will not lend portfolio
securities if, as a result, the aggregate of such loans exceeds 10% of the value
of the Fund's total assets. Any gain or loss in the market price of the
securities loaned that might occur during the term of the loan would be for the
account of the Fund.
VANGUARD INTERFUND LENDING PROGRAM. The Commission has issued an exemptive
order permitting the Fund to participate in Vanguard's interfund lending
program. This program allows the Vanguard funds to borrow money from and loan
money to each other for temporary or emergency purposes. The program is subject
to a number of conditions, including the requirement that no fund may borrow or
lend money through the program unless it receives a more favorable interest rate
than is available from a typical bank for a comparable transaction. In addition,
a fund may participate in the program only if and to the extent that such
participation is consistent with the fund's investment objective and other
investment policies. The Boards of Trustees of the Vanguard funds are
responsible for ensuring that the interfund lending program operates in
compliance with all conditions of the Commission's exemptive order.
TEMPORARY INVESTMENTS. The Fund may take temporary defensive measures that
are inconsistent with the Fund's normal fundamental or non-fundamental
investment policies and strategies in response to adverse market, economic,
political, or other conditions. Such measures could include investments in (a)
highly liquid short-term fixed-income securities issued by or on behalf of
municipal or corporate issuers, obligations of the U.S. Government and its
agencies, commercial paper, and bank certificates of deposit; (b) shares of
other investment companies which have investment objectives consistent with
those of the Fund; (c) repurchase agreements involving any such securities; and
(d) other money market instruments. There is no limit on the extent to which the
Fund may take temporary defensive measures. In taking such measures, the Fund
may fail to achieve its investment objective.
YIELD AND TOTAL RETURN
The yield of the Vanguard Preferred Stock Fund for the 30-day period ended
October 31, 1999 was 6.14%.
The average annual total return of the Fund for the one-, five-, and
ten-year periods ended October 31, 1999 was -2.47%, 9.63%, and 8.92%,
respectively.
AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURN
Average annual total return is the average annual compounded rate of return for
the periods of one year, five years, ten years or the life of the Fund, all
ended on the last day of a recent month. Average annual total return quotations
will reflect changes in the price of the Fund's shares and assume that all
dividends and capital gains distributions during the respective periods were
reinvested in Fund shares. Average annual total return is calculated by finding
the average annual
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compounded rates of return of a hypothetical investment over such periods
according to the following formula (average annual total return is then
expressed as a percentage):
T = (ERV/P)(1/N)-1
Where:
T = average annual total return
P = a hypothetical initial investment of $1,000
n = number of years
ERV = ending redeemable value: ERV is the value, at the end of the
applicable period, of a hypothetical $1,000 investment made
at the beginning of the applicable period
CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN
Cumulative total return is the cumulative rate of return on a hypothetical
initial investment of $1,000 for a specified period. Cumulative total return
quotations reflect changes in the price of the Fund's shares and assume that all
dividends and capital gains distributions during the period were reinvested in
Fund shares. Cumulative total return is calculated by finding the cumulative
rates of a return of a hypothetical investment over such periods, according to
the following formula (cumulative total return is then expressed as a
percentage):
C = (ERV/P)-1
Where:
C = cumulative total return
P = a hypothetical initial investment of $1,000
ERV = ending redeemable value: ERV is the value, at the end of the
applicable period, of a hypothetical $1,000 investment made
at the beginning of the applicable period
SEC YIELDS
Yield is the net annualized yield based on a specific 30-day (or one month)
period assuming semiannual compounding of income. Yield is calculated by
dividing the net investment income per share earned during the period by the
maximum offering price per share on the last day of the period, according to the
following formula:
YIELD = 2[((A-B)/CD+1)(6)-1]
Where:
a = dividends and interest earned during the period
b = expenses accrued for the period (net of reimbursements)
c = the average daily number of shares outstanding during the
period that were entitled to receive dividends
d = the maximum offering price per share on the last day of the
period
SHARE PRICE
The Fund's share price, or "net asset value" per share, is calculated by
dividing the total assets of the Fund, less all liabilities, by the total number
of shares outstanding. The net asset value is determined as of the close of the
New York Stock Exchange (the Exchange), generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time, on
each day that the Exchange is open for trading.
Fund securities for which market quotations are readily available (includes
those securities listed on national securities exchanges, as well as those
quoted on the NASDAQ Stock Market) will be valued at the last quoted sales price
on the day the valuation is made. Such securities which are not traded on the
valuation date are valued at the mean of the bid and ask prices. Price
information
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on exchange-listed securities is taken from the exchange where the security is
primarily traded. Securities may be valued on the basis of prices provided by a
pricing service when such prices are believed to reflect the fair market value
of such securities.
Short term debt instruments (those acquired with remaining maturities of 60
days or less) may be valued at cost, plus or minus any amortized discount or
premium, which approximates market value.
Bonds and other fixed-income securities may be valued on the basis of
prices provided by a pricing service when such prices are believed to reflect
the fair market value of such securities. The prices provided by a pricing
service may be determined without regard to bid or last sale prices of each
security, but take into account institutional-size transactions in similar
groups of securities as well as any developments related to specific securities.
Other assets and securities for which no quotations are readily available
or which are restricted as to sale (or resale) are valued by such methods as the
Board of Trustees deems in good faith to reflect fair value.
The share price for the Fund can be found daily in the mutual fund listings
of most major newspapers under the heading of Vanguard Funds.
PURCHASE OF SHARES
The Fund reserves the right in its sole discretion (i) to suspend the offering
of its shares, (ii) to reject purchase orders when in the judgment of management
such rejection is in the best interest of the Fund, and (iii) to reduce or waive
the minimum investment for, or any other restrictions on, initial and subsequent
investments for certain fiduciary accounts such as employee benefit plans, or
under circumstances where certain economies can be achieved in sales of the
Fund's shares.
TRADING SHARES THROUGH CHARLES SCHWAB
The Fund has authorized Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (Schwab) to accept on
its behalf purchase and redemption orders under certain terms and conditions.
Schwab is also authorized to designate other intermediaries to accept purchase
and redemption orders on the Fund's behalf subject to those terms and
conditions. Under this arrangement, the Fund will be deemed to have received a
purchase or redemption order when Schwab or, if applicable, Schwab's authorized
designee, accepts the order in accordance with the Fund's instructions. Customer
orders that are properly transmitted to the Fund by Schwab, or if applicable,
Schwab's authorized designee, will be priced as follows:
Orders received by Schwab before 3 p.m. Eastern time on any business day,
will be sent to Vanguard that day and your share price will be based on the
Fund's net asset value calculated at the close of trading that day. Orders
received by Schwab after 3 p.m. Eastern time, will be sent to Vanguard on the
following business day and your share price will be based on the Fund's net
asset value calculated at the close of trading that day.
REDEMPTION OF SHARES
The Fund may suspend redemption privileges or postpone the date of payment (i)
during any period that the Exchange is closed or trading on the Exchange is
restricted as determined by the Commission, (ii) during any period when an
emergency exists as defined by the Commission as a result of which it is not
reasonably practicable for the Fund to dispose of securities owned by it or
fairly determine the value of its assets, and (iii) for such other periods as
the Commission may permit.
The Fund has made an election with the Commission to pay in cash all
redemptions requested by any shareholder of record limited in amount during any
90-day period to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the net assets of the Fund at
the beginning of such period.
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No charge is made by the Fund for redemptions. Shares redeemed may be worth
more or less than what was paid for them, depending on the market value of the
securities held by the Fund.
FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS
The Fund is subject to the following fundamental investment limitations, which
cannot be changed in any material way without the approval of the holders of a
majority of the Fund's shares. For these purposes, a "majority" of the Fund's
shares means shares representing the lesser of: (i) 67% or more of the votes
cast to approve a change, so long as shares representing more than 50% of the
Fund's net asset value are present or represented by proxy; or (ii) more than
50% of the Fund's net asset value.
BORROWING. The Fund may not borrow money, except for temporary or emergency
purposes in an amount not exceeding 15% of the Fund's net assets. The Fund may
borrow money through banks, reverse repurchase agreements, or Vanguard's
interfund lending program only, and must comply with all applicable regulatory
conditions. The Fund may not make any additional investments if its outstanding
borrowings exceed 5% of net assets.
COMMODITIES. The Fund may not invest in commodities, except that it may
invest in stock futures contracts, stock options, and options on stock futures
contracts. No more than 5% of the Fund's total assets may be used as initial
margin deposit for futures contracts, and no more than 20% of the Fund's total
assets may be invested in futures contracts or options at any time.
DIVERSIFICATION. With respect to 75% of its total assets, the Fund may not:
(i) purchase more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one
issuer; or (ii) purchase securities of any issuer if, as a result, more than 5%
of the Fund's total assets would be invested in that issuer's securities. This
limitation does not apply to obligations of the United States Government, its
agencies, or instrumentalities.
ILLIQUID SECURITIES. The Fund may not acquire any security if, as a result,
more than 15% of its net assets would be invested in securities that are
illiquid.
INDUSTRY CONCENTRATION. The Fund may not invest more than 25% of its total
assets in any one industry, except that the Fund will invest more than 25% of
its total assets in the utilities and financial services industries.
INVESTING FOR CONTROL. The Fund may not invest in a company for purposes of
controlling its management.
INVESTMENT COMPANIES. The Fund may not invest in any other investment
company, except through a merger, consolidation or acquisition of assets, or to
the extent permitted by Section 12 of the 1940 Act. Investment companies whose
shares the Fund acquires pursuant to Section 12 must have investment objectives
and investment policies consistent with those of the Fund.
LOANS. The Fund may not lend money to any person except (i) by purchasing
fixed-income securities, or by entering into repurchase agreements; (ii) by
entering into collateralized repurchase agreements; (iii) as provided under the
heading "Lending of Securities"; or (iv) to another Vanguard fund, through
Vanguard's interfund lending program.
MARGIN. The Fund may not purchase securities on margin or sell securities
short, except as permitted by the Fund's investment policies relating to
commodities.
OIL, GAS, MINERALS. The Fund may not invest in interests in oil, gas, or
other mineral exploration or development programs.
OPTIONS. The Fund may not purchase or sell put or call options, except as
permitted by the Fund's investment policies relating to commodities.
PLEDGING ASSETS. The Fund may not pledge, mortgage, or hypothecate more
than 15% of its net assets.
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REAL ESTATE. The Fund may not invest directly in real estate, although it
may invest in securities of companies that deal in real estate.
SENIOR SECURITIES. The Fund may not issue senior securities, except in
compliance with the 1940 Act.
UNDERWRITING. The Fund may not engage in the business of underwriting
securities issued by other persons. The Fund will not be considered an
underwriter when disposing of its investment securities.
None of these limitations prevents the Fund from participating in The
Vanguard Group, Inc. (Vanguard). Because the Fund is a member of The Vanguard
Group of Investment Companies, it may own securities issued by Vanguard, make
loans to Vanguard, and contribute to Vanguard's costs or other financial
requirements. See "Management of the Fund" for more information.
The investment limitations set forth above are considered at the time
investment securities are purchased. If a percentage restriction is adhered to
at the time the investment is made, a later change in percentage resulting from
a change in the market value of assets will not constitute a violation of such
restriction.
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
OFFICERS AND TRUSTEES
The Officers of the Fund manage its day-to-day operations and are responsible to
the Fund's Board of Trustees. The Trustees set broad policies for the Fund and
choose its Officers. The following is a list of the Trustees and Officers of the
Fund and a statement of their present positions and principal occupations during
the past five years. As a group, the Fund's Trustees and Officers own less than
1% of the outstanding shares of the Fund. Each Trustee also serves as a Director
of The Vanguard Group, Inc., and as a Trustee of each of the 103 funds
administered by Vanguard (102 in the case of Mr. Malkiel and 93 in the case of
Mr. MacLaury). The mailing address of the Trustees and Officers of the Fund is
Post Office Box 876, Valley Forge, PA 19482.
JOHN J. BRENNAN (DOB: 7/29/1954), Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and
Trustee*
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and Director of The Vanguard Group, Inc., and
Trustee of each of the investment companies in The Vanguard Group.
JOANN HEFFERNAN HEISEN (DOB: 1/25/1950), Trustee
Vice President, Chief Information Officer, and member of the Executive Committee
of Johnson & Johnson (Pharmaceuticals/Consumer Products); Director of Johnson &
Johnson*MERCK Consumer Pharmaceuticals Co., The Medical Center at Princeton, and
Women's Research and Education Institute.
BRUCE K. MACLAURY (DOB: 5/7/1931), Trustee
President Emeritus of The Brookings Institution (Independent Non-Partisan
Research Organization); Director of American Express Bank, Ltd., The St. Paul
Companies, Inc. (Insurance and Financial Services), and National Steel
Corporation.
BURTON G. MALKIEL (DOB: 8/28/1932), Trustee
Chemical Bank Chairman's Professor of Economics, Princeton University; Director
of Prudential Insurance Co. of America, Banco Bilbao Gestinova, Baker Fentress &
Co. (Investment Management), The Jeffrey Co. (Holding Company), and Select
Sector SPDR Trust (Exchange-Traded Mutual Fund).
ALFRED M. RANKIN, JR. (DOB: 10/8/1941), Trustee
Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer, and Director of NACCO Industries,
Inc. (Machinery/ Coal/Appliances); and Director of The BFGoodrich Co. (Aircraft
Systems/Manufacturing/Chemicals).
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JOHN C. SAWHILL (DOB: 6/12/1936), Trustee
President and Chief Executive Officer of The Nature Conservancy (Non-Profit
Conservation Group); Director of Pacific Gas and Electric Co., Procter & Gamble
Co., NACCO Industries, Inc. (Machinery/ Coal/Appliances), and Newfield
Exploration Co. (Energy); formerly, Director and Senior Partner of McKinsey &
Co., and President of New York University.
JAMES O. WELCH, JR. (DOB: 5/13/1931), Trustee
Retired Chairman of Nabisco Brands, Inc. (Food Products); retired Vice Chairman
and Director of RJR Nabisco (Food and Tobacco Products); Director of TECO
Energy, Inc. and Kmart Corp.
J. LAWRENCE WILSON (DOB: 3/2/1936), Trustee
Retired Chairman of Rohm & Haas Co. (Chemicals); Director of Cummins Engine Co.
(Diesel Engine Company), The Mead Corp. (Paper Products), and AmeriSource Health
Corp.; and Trustee of Vanderbilt University.
RAYMOND J. KLAPINSKY (DOB:12/7/1938), Secretary*
Managing Director of The Vanguard Group, Inc.; Secretary of The Vanguard Group,
Inc. and of each of the investment companies in The Vanguard Group.
THOMAS J. HIGGINS (DOB: 5/21/1957), Treasurer*
Principal of The Vanguard Group, Inc.; Treasurer of each of the investment
companies in The Vanguard Group.
ROBERT D. SNOWDEN (DOB: 9/4/1961), Controller*
Principal of The Vanguard Group, Inc.; Controller of each of the investment
companies in The Vanguard Group.
*Officers of the Fund are "interested persons" as defined in the 1940 Act.
THE VANGUARD GROUP
The Fund is a member of The Vanguard Group of Investment Companies, which
currently consists of more than 100 funds. Through their jointly-owned
subsidiary, The Vanguard Group, Inc., the Fund and the other funds in The
Vanguard Group obtain at-cost virtually all of their corporate management,
administrative, and distribution services. Vanguard also provides investment
advisory services on an at-cost basis to a number of the Vanguard funds.
Vanguard employs a supporting staff of management and administrative
personnel needed to provide the requisite services to the funds and also
furnishes the funds with necessary office space, furnishings and equipment. Each
fund pays its share of Vanguard's total expenses which are allocated among the
funds under methods approved by the Board of Trustees of each fund. In addition,
each fund bears its own direct expenses, such as legal, auditing, and custodian
fees.
Vanguard adheres to a Code of Ethics established pursuant to Rule 17j-1
under the 1940 Act. The Code is designed to prevent unlawful practices in
connection with the purchase or sale of securities by persons associated with
Vanguard. Vanguard's Code of Ethics limits the ability of certain Officers and
employees of Vanguard who are considered access persons to engage in personal
securities transactions. Such transactions are subject to procedures and
guidelines similar to, and in many cases more restrictive than, those
recommended by a blue ribbon panel of mutual fund industry executives.
Vanguard was established and operates under an Amended and Restated Funds'
Service Agreement which was approved by the shareholders of each of the funds.
The amounts which each of the funds has invested are adjusted from time to time
in order to maintain the proportionate relationship between each fund's relative
net assets and its contribution to Vanguard's capital. The Amended and Restated
Funds' Service Agreement provides as follows: (1) each Vanguard fund may be
called upon to invest a maximum of .40% of its current net assets in Vanguard,
and (2) there are no restrictions on the maximum aggregate cash investment that
the Vanguard funds may make in
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Vanguard. At October 31, 1999, the Preferred Stock Fund had contributed capital
of $70,000 to Vanguard, representing 0.02% of the Fund's net assets and 0.1% of
Vanguard's capitalization.
MANAGEMENT. Corporate management and administrative services include: (1)
executive staff; (2) accounting and financial; (3) legal and regulatory; (4)
shareholder account maintenance; (5) monitoring and control of custodian
relationships; (6) shareholder reporting; and (7) review and evaluation of
advisory and other services provided to the funds by third parties.
DISTRIBUTION. Vanguard Marketing Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of
The Vanguard Group, Inc., provides all distribution and marketing activities for
the funds in the Group. The principal distribution expenses are for advertising,
promotional materials, and marketing personnel. Distribution services may also
include organizing and offering to the public, from time to time, one or more
new investment companies which will become members of Vanguard. The Trustees and
Officers of Vanguard determine the amount to be spent annually on distribution
activities, the manner and amount to be spent on each fund, and whether to
organize new investment companies.
One half of the distribution expenses of a marketing and promotional nature
is allocated among the funds based upon their relative net assets. The remaining
one half of these expenses is allocated among the funds based upon each fund's
sales for the preceding 24 months relative to the total sales of the funds as a
Group, provided, however, that no fund's aggregate quarterly rate of
contribution for distribution expenses of a marketing and promotional nature
shall exceed 125% of the average distribution expense rate for Vanguard, and
that no fund shall incur annual distribution expenses in excess of .20 of 1% of
its average month-end net assets.
During the fiscal years ended October 31, 1997, 1998, and 1999, the Fund
incurred the following approximate amounts of The Vanguard Group's management
(including transfer agency), distribution, and marketing expenses: $658,000,
$763,000, and $797,000, respectively.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
Vanguard provides investment advisory services to several Vanguard funds (but
not to this Fund). These services are provided on an at-cost basis from a money
management staff employed directly by Vanguard. The compensation and other
expenses of this staff are paid by the funds utilizing these services.
TRUSTEE COMPENSATION
The same individuals serve as Trustees of all Vanguard funds (with two
exceptions, which are noted in the table appearing on page B-13), and each fund
pays a proportionate share of the Trustees' compensation. The funds employ their
Officers on a shared basis, as well. However, Officers are compensated by
Vanguard, not the funds.
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES. The funds compensate their independent Trustees--that
is, the ones who are not also Officers of the Fund--in three ways:
- - The independent Trustees receive an annual fee for their service to the
funds, which is subject to reduction based on absences from scheduled Board
meetings.
- - The independent Trustees are reimbursed for the travel and other expenses
that they incur in attending Board meetings.
- - Upon retirement, the independent Trustees receive an aggregate annual fee
of $1,000 for each year served on the Board, up to fifteen years of
service. This annual fee is paid for ten years following retirement, or
until each Trustee's death.
"INTERESTED" TRUSTEE. Mr. Brennan serves as a Trustee, but is not paid in
this capacity. He is, however, paid in his role as officer of The Vanguard
Group, Inc.
COMPENSATION TABLE. The following table provides compensation details for
each of the Trustees. We list the amounts paid as compensation and accrued as
retirement benefits by the Fund for each Trustee. In addition, the table shows
the total amount of benefits that we expect each
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Trustee to receive from all Vanguard funds upon retirement, and the total amount
of compensation paid to each Trustee by all Vanguard funds.
VANGUARD PREFERRED STOCK FUND
TRUSTEES' COMPENSATION TABLE
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PENSION OR TOTAL
RETIREMENT COMPENSATION
BENEFITS ESTIMATED FROM ALL
AGGREGATE ACCRUED AS ANNUAL VANGUARD
COMPENSATION PART OF THIS BENEFITS UPON FUNDS PAID TO
NAMES OF TRUSTEES FROM THIS FUND(1) FUND'S EXPENSES(1) RETIREMENT TRUSTEES(2)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
John C. Bogle (3). . . . None None None None
John J. Brennan . . . None None None None
Barbara Barnes Hauptfuhrer(4). . . $12 $1 $15,000 $0
JoAnn Heffernan Heisen $70 $4 $15,000 $80,000
Bruce K. MacLaury . . $70 $6 $12,000 $75,000
Burton G. Malkiel . . $70 $6 $15,000 $80,000
Alfred M. Rankin, Jr. $70 $6 $15,000 $80,000
John C. Sawhill . . . $70 $6 $15,000 $80,000
James O. Welch, Jr. . $70 $6 $15,000 $80,000
J. Lawrence Wilson. . $70 $6 $15,000 $80,000
</TABLE>
(1) The amounts shown in this column are based on the Fund's fiscal year ended,
October 31, 1999.
(2) The amounts reported in this column reflect the total compensation paid to
each Trustee for his or her service as Trustee of 103 funds (102 in the case of
Mr. Malkiel; 93 in the case of Mr. MacLaury) for the 1999 calendar year.
(3) Mr. Bogle has retired from the Fund's Board, effective December 31, 1999.
(4) Mrs. Hauptfuhrer has retired from the Fund's Board, effective December 31,
1998.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
The Fund employs Wellington Management Company, LLP (the Adviser) under an
investment advisory agreement to manage the investment and reinvestment of the
assets of the Fund and to continuously review, supervise, and administer the
Fund's investment program. The Adviser discharges its responsibilities subject
to the control of the Officers and Trustees of the Fund.
The Fund pays the Adviser an advisory fee at the end of each fiscal
quarter, calculated by applying a quarterly rate, based on the following annual
percentage rates, to the Fund's average month-end net assets for the quarter:
NET ASSETS ANNUAL RATE
---------- -----------
First $200 million................. .150%
Next $200 million.................. .100%
Assets in excess of $400 million... .075%
During the fiscal years ended October 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999, the Fund
incurred advisory fees of $406,000, $458,000, and $455,000, respectively.
The Fund's agreement with the Adviser is renewable for successive one-year
periods. Each renewal must be specifically approved by a vote of the Board of
Trustees, including the affirmative votes of a majority of the Trustees who are
not parties to the contract or "interested persons" (as defined in the 1940 Act)
of any such party.
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<PAGE>
The Board of Trustees may, without the approval of shareholders, provide
for:
- - The employment of a new investment adviser pursuant to the terms of a new
advisory agreement, either as a replacement for the existing Adviser or as
an additional adviser.
- - A change in the terms of the advisory agreement.
- - The continued employment of the existing Adviser after an assignment of the
advisory agreement resulting from a change in control of the Adviser.
Any such change will be communicated to shareholders in writing.
DESCRIPTION OF THE ADVISER
The Adviser is a Massachusetts limited liability partnership located at 75 State
Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02109. The Adviser's managing partners are Robert
W. Doran, Duncan M. McFarland, and John R. Ryan. As of October 31, 1999, the
Adviser managed more than $224 billion in stock and bond funds, including all or
part of 14 Vanguard funds.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
The investment advisory agreement authorizes the Adviser (with the approval of
the Board of Trustees) to select the brokers or dealers that will execute the
purchases and sales of portfolio securities for the Fund, and directs the
Adviser to use its best efforts to obtain the best available price and most
favorable execution as to all transactions for the Fund. The Adviser has
undertaken to execute each investment transaction at a price and commission
which provides the most favorable total cost or proceeds reasonably obtainable
under the circumstances.
In placing portfolio transactions, the Adviser will use its best judgment
to choose the broker most capable of providing the brokerage services necessary
to obtain the best available price and most favorable execution. The full range
and quality of brokerage services available will be considered in making these
determinations. In those instances where it is reasonably determined that more
than one broker can offer the brokerage services needed to obtain the best
available price and most favorable execution, consideration may be given to
those brokers which supply investment research and statistical information and
provide other services in addition to execution services to the Fund and/or the
Adviser. The Adviser considers such information useful in the performance of its
obligations, but is unable to determine the amount by which such services may
reduce its expenses.
The investment advisory agreement also incorporates the concepts of Section
28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 by providing that, subject to the
approval of the Board of Trustees, the Adviser may cause the Fund to pay a
broker-dealer which furnishes brokerage and research services a higher
commission than that which might be charged by another broker-dealer for
effecting the same transaction; provided that such commission is deemed
reasonable in terms of either that particular transaction or the overall
responsibilities of the Adviser to the Fund and the other funds in the Group.
Currently, it is the Fund's policy that the Adviser may at times pay higher
commissions in recognition of brokerage services felt necessary for the
achievement of better execution of certain securities transactions that
otherwise might not be available. The Adviser will only pay such higher
commissions if it believes this to be in the best interest of the Fund. Some
brokers or dealers who may receive such higher commissions in recognition of
brokerage services related to execution of securities transactions are also
providers of research information to the Adviser and/or the Fund. However, the
Adviser has informed the Fund that it generally will not pay higher commission
rates specifically for the purpose of obtaining research services.
During the fiscal years ended October 31, 1997 and 1998, the Fund paid $516
and $882 in brokerage commissions, respectively. During the fiscal year ended
October 31, 1999, the Fund did not pay brokerage commissions.
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<PAGE>
Some securities considered for investment by the Fund may also be
appropriate for other Vanguard funds and/or clients served by the Adviser. If
purchase or sale of securities consistent with the investment policies of the
Fund, and one or more of these other funds or clients served by the Adviser are
considered at or about the same time, transactions in such securities will be
allocated among the several funds and clients in a manner deemed equitable by
the Adviser. Although there may be no specified formula for allocating such
transactions, the allocation methods used, and the results of such allocations,
will be subject to periodic review by the Fund's Board of Trustees.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Fund's Financial Statements as of and for the year ended October 31, 1999,
including the financial highlights for each of the five fiscal years in the
period ended October 31, 1999, appearing in the Vanguard Preferred Stock Fund
1999 Annual Report to Shareholders, and the report thereon of
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent accountants, also appearing therein, are
incorporated by reference in this Statement of Additional Information. For a
more complete discussion of the performance, please see the Fund's Annual Report
to Shareholders, which may be obtained without charge.
COMPARATIVE INDEXES
Vanguard may use reprinted material discussing The Vanguard Group, Inc. or any
of the member funds of The Vanguard Group of Investment Companies.
Each of the investment company members of Vanguard, including Vanguard
Preferred Stock Fund, may, from time to time, use one or more of the following
unmanaged indexes for comparative performance purposes.
STANDARD & POOR'S 500 COMPOSITE STOCK PRICE INDEX--includes stocks selected by
Standard & Poor's Index Committee to include leading companies in leading
industries and to reflect the U.S. stock market.
STANDARD & POOR'S MIDCAP 400 INDEX--is composed of 400 medium sized domestic
stocks.
STANDARD & POOR'S 500/BARRA VALUE INDEX--consists of the stocks in the Standard
& Poor's 500 Composite Stock Price Index with the lowest price-to-book ratios,
comprising 50% of the market capitalization of the S&P 500.
STANDARD & POOR'S SMALLCAP 600/BARRA VALUE INDEX--contains stocks for the S&P
SmallCap 600 Index which have a lower than average price-to-book ratio.
STANDARD & POOR'S SMALL CAP 600/BARRA GROWTH INDEX--contains stocks of the S&P
SmallCap 600 Index which have a higher than average price-to-book ratio.
RUSSELL 1000 VALUE INDEX--consists of the stocks in the Russell 1000 Index
(comprising the 1,000 largest U.S.-based companies measured by total market
capitalization) with the lowest price-to-book ratios, comprising 50% of the
market capitalization of the Russell 1000.
WILSHIRE 5000 EQUITY INDEX--consists of more than 7,000 common equity
securities, covering all stocks in the U.S. for which daily pricing is
available.
WILSHIRE 4500 EQUITY INDEX--consists of all stocks in the Wilshire 5000 except
for the 500 stocks in the Standard & Poor's 500 Index.
MORGAN STANLEY CAPITAL INTERNATIONAL EAFE INDEX--is an arithmetic, market
value-weighted average of the performance of over 900 securities listed on the
stock exchanges of countries in Europe, Australia, Asia and the Far East.
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<PAGE>
GOLDMAN SACHS 100 CONVERTIBLE BOND INDEX--currently includes 71 bonds and 29
preferreds. The original list of names was generated by screening for
convertible issues of $100 million or greater in market capitalization. The
index is priced monthly.
SALOMON BROTHERS GNMA INDEX--includes pools of mortgages originated by private
lenders and guaranteed by the mortgage pools of the Government National Mortgage
Association.
SALOMON BROTHERS HIGH-GRADE CORPORATE BOND INDEX--consists of publicly issued,
non-convertible corporate bonds rated AA or AAA. It is a value-weighted, total
return index, including approximately 800 issues with maturities of 12 years or
greater.
LEHMAN BROTHERS AGGREGATE BOND INDEX--is a market weighted index that contains
over 4,000 individually priced U.S. Treasury, agency, corporate, and mortgage
pass-through securities corporate rated BBB- or better. The Index has a market
value of over $5 trillion.
LEHMAN BROTHERS MUTUAL FUND SHORT (1-5) GOVERNMENT/CORPORATE INDEX--is a market
weighted index that contains over 1,500 individually priced U.S. Treasury,
agency, and corporate investment grade bonds rated BBB- or better with
maturities between one and five years. The index has a market value of over $1.6
trillion.
LEHMAN BROTHERS MUTUAL FUND INTERMEDIATE (5-10) GOVERNMENT/CORPORATE INDEX--is a
market weighted index that contains over 1,500 individually priced U.S.
Treasury, agency, and corporate securities rated BBB- or better with maturities
between five and ten years. The index has a market value of over $800 billion.
LEHMAN BROTHERS LONG (10+) GOVERNMENT/CORPORATE INDEX--is a market weighted
index that contains over 1,900 individually priced U.S. Treasury, agency, and
corporate securities rated BBB- or better with maturities greater than ten
years. The index has a market value of over $1.1 trillion.
LEHMAN LONG-TERM TREASURY BOND INDEX--is a market weighted index that contains
individually priced U. S. Treasury securities with maturities of ten years or
greater.
MERRILL LYNCH CORPORATE & GOVERNMENT BOND INDEX--consists of over 4,500 U.S.
Treasury, Agency and investment grade corporate bonds.
LEHMAN CORPORATE (BAA) BOND INDEX--all publicly offered fixed-rate,
nonconvertible domestic corporate bonds rated Baa by Moody's, with a maturity
longer than one year and with more than $100 million outstanding. This index
includes over 1,500 issues.
LEHMAN BROTHERS LONG-TERM CORPORATE BOND INDEX--is a subset of the Lehman
Corporate Bond Index covering all corporate, publicly issued, fixed-rate,
nonconvertible U.S. debt issues rated at least Baa, with at least $100 million
principal outstanding and maturity greater than ten years.
BOND BUYER MUNICIPAL BOND INDEX--is a yield index on current coupon high grade
general obligation municipal bonds.
STANDARD & POOR'S PREFERRED INDEX--is a yield index based upon the average yield
of four high grade, noncallable preferred stock issues.
NASDAQ INDUSTRIAL INDEX--is composed of more than 3,000 industrial issues. It is
a value-weighted index calculated on price change only and does not include
income.
COMPOSITE INDEX--70% Standard & Poor's 500 Index and 30% NASDAQ Industrial
Index.
COMPOSITE INDEX--65% Standard & Poor's 500 Index and 35% Lehman Long-Term
Corporate AA or Better Bond Index.
COMPOSITE INDEX--65% Lehman Long-Term Corporate AA or Better Bond Index and a
35% weighting in a blended equity composite (75% Standard & Poor's/BARRA Value
Index, 12.5% Standard & Poor's Utilities Index and 12.5% Standard & Poor's
Telephone Index).
LEHMAN LONG-TERM CORPORATE AA OR BETTER BOND INDEX--consists of all publicly
issued, fixed- rate, nonconvertible investment grade, dollar-denominated,
SEC-registered corporate debt rated AA or AAA.
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APPENDIX--DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED STOCK RATINGS
Excerpts from Moody's Investors Service, Inc. description of its four highest
preferred stock ratings:
aaa--considered to be a top-quality preferred stock. This rating indicates
good asset protection and the least risk of dividend impairment within the
universe of preferred stocks.
aa--considered a high-grade preferred stock. This rating indicates that
there is reasonable assurance that earnings and asset protection will remain
relatively well maintained in the foreseeable future.
a--considered to be an upper-medium grade preferred stock. While risks are
judged to be somewhat greater than in the aaa and aa classifications, earning
and asset protection are, nevertheless, expected to be maintained at adequate
levels.
baa--considered to be lower-medium grade, neither highly protected nor
poorly secured. Earnings and asset protection appear adequate at present but may
be questionable over any great length of time.
Excerpts from Standard & Poor's Corporation description of its four highest
preferred stock ratings:
Quality ratings are expressed by symbols like those rating bonds. They are
independent of Standard & Poor's bond ratings, however, in the sense that they
are not necessarily graduated downward from the rankings accorded the issuing
company's debt. They represent a considered judgment of the relative security of
dividends, and--what is thereby implied--the prospective yield stability of the
stock. The four highest ratings are AAA--Prime; AA--High Grade; A--Sound;
BBB--Medium Grade.
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SAI038-PREFERRED STOCK
B-18
