<PAGE> 1
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(MARK ONE)
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 [FEE REQUIRED]
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 [NO FEE REQUIRED]
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 016441
CODE-ALARM, INC.
------------------------------------------------------
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
MICHIGAN 38-2334695
- ------------------------------ -------------------
STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF (I.R.S. EMPLOYER
INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) IDENTIFICATION NO.)
950 E. WHITCOMB, MADISON HEIGHTS, MICHIGAN 48071
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES) (ZIP CODE)
(REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE) (248) 583-9620
------------------
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(B) OF THE ACT:
TITLE OF EACH CLASS: NAME OF EXCHANGE ON WHICH REGISTERED:
NONE NONE
- -------------------- -------------------------------------
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(G) OF THE ACT:
COMMON STOCK, WITHOUT PAR VALUE
-------------------------------
(TITLE OF CLASS)
INDICATE BY CHECK MARK WHETHER THE REGISTRANT (1) HAS FILED ALL REPORTS
REQUIRED TO BE FILED BY SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934 DURING THE PRECEDING 12 MONTHS (OR FOR SUCH SHORTER PERIOD THAT THE
REGISTRANT WAS REQUIRED TO FILE SUCH REPORTS), AND (2) HAS BEEN SUBJECT TO SUCH
FILING REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PAST 90 DAYS.
YES X NO
--- ---
INDICATE BY CHECK MARK IF DISCLOSURE OF DELINQUENT FILERS PURSUANT TO
ITEM 405 OF REGULATION S-K IS NOT CONTAINED HEREIN, AND WILL NOT BE CONTAINED,
TO THE BEST OF THE REGISTRANT'S KNOWLEDGE, IN DEFINITIVE PROXY OR INFORMATION
STATEMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE IN PART III OF THIS FORM 10-K OR ANY
AMENDMENT TO THIS FORM 10-K. [ ]
BASED UPON THE LAST SALE PRICE OF THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON STOCK AS
REPORTED ON THE OTC BULLETIN BOARD OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SECURITIES
DEALERS, INC. (THE "OTC BULLETIN BOARD") ON MAY 17, 1999, THE AGGREGATE MARKET
VALUE OF THE VOTING STOCK HELD BY NON-AFFILIATES OF THE REGISTRANT WAS
APPROXIMATELY $1,377,895.
THE NUMBER OF SHARES OUTSTANDING OF THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON STOCK,
WITHOUT PAR VALUE, AS OF MAY 7, 1999 IS 2,320,861.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:
PORTIONS OF THE REGISTRANT'S 1999 PROXY STATEMENT ARE INCORPORATED BY
REFERENCE IN PARTS II AND III OF THIS FORM 10-K.
<PAGE> 2
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS.
Code-Alarm, Inc. ("the Company") is a leading manufacturer of branded and
factory-labeled vehicle security and remote-keyless-entry devices. The Company
is a QS-9000 certified Tier-One supplier to leading automakers and also supplies
factory-label security products to vehicle dealerships around the globe. The
Company also sells vehicle security and remote keyless entry systems bearing the
Code-Alarm(TM) and Chapman(TM) brand names at approximately 2,000 locations
worldwide.
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998, the Company's principal business
was the manufacture and sale of vehicle security and remote keyless entry
systems. The Company's products are sold worldwide through a variety of
distribution channels including vehicle dealerships, automotive assembly plants,
ports of entry for foreign produced vehicles, electronics retail chains, mobile
electronics specialty stores, automotive expediters and international
distributors.
MARKET DESCRIPTION AND INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
Theft of vehicles and related parts, accessories and contents is a widespread
problem in the United States and Europe. In recent years, increasing rates of
car theft have also become a cause for concern among automobile owners in South
America and several other regions of the globe including the Middle East and Far
East. In response, consumers, insurers and automakers have increasingly viewed
vehicle anti-theft products as a significant deterrent against car thieves. At
the same time, a growing number of consumers in North America and worldwide have
gained exposure to convenience functions such as remote keyless entry.
In North America, nearly 1.4 million vehicles are stolen annually - about one
every 23 seconds or more than 3,800 each day, according to the FBI Uniform Crime
Reports. The estimated value of stolen vehicles in the U.S. was about $7 billion
in 1997, the FBI estimates. While about two-thirds of vehicles are eventually
recovered, the vast majority are vandalized, stripped, wrecked or burned,
according to the National Insurance Crime Bureau.
Though the level of vehicle theft in the U.S. has declined in recent years, the
FBI reports that theft of contents from motor vehicles and the value of stolen
parts and accessories has increased. There were more than 2.7 million incidences
of larcenies related to motor vehicles, parts and accessories in 1997. In total,
theft of vehicle contents, coupled with larcenies related to motor vehicle parts
and accessories, represents approximately $1.3 billion in losses, according to
U.S. law enforcement estimates.
In Europe, about 2 million vehicles are stolen annually, according to surveys by
the European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control. Though the level of
vehicle theft in Western Europe has stabilized in recent years, the number of
vehicles stolen in Eastern and Central Europe has increased. In countries such
as Germany and Hungary, the average cost per vehicle stolen has increased
significantly, despite a decline in the actual number of stolen vehicles. South
American countries such as Venezuela, Argentina and Brazil also continue to
experience increasing rates of vehicle theft, creating new demand for
sophisticated security and safety products.
There are a variety of vehicle anti-theft options available to consumers,
including electronic vehicle security systems such as those sold by the Company,
as well as mechanical locks, immobilizers, and tracking systems. While all forms
of security products offer some degree of protection, experts acknowledge that
items such as mechanical locks, ignition security and tracking devices offer
little defense against theft of parts, accessories and vehicle contents. Nor do
such products offer protection against the growing number of thieves who utilize
tow trucks to tow away stolen vehicles.
Traditionally, vehicle security systems have been sold mainly in the
aftermarket. Sales of aftermarket vehicle security doubled between 1994 and
1997, rising to an estimated $325 million, according to the U.S. Consumer
<PAGE> 3
Electronics Sales & Forecasts (Jan. 1998) published by the Consumer Electronics
Manufacturer's Association ("CEMA"). Industry research by CEMA indicates that
approximately 29 percent of all U.S. households own a vehicle alarm. Of those
with electronic car alarms, almost three out of four have systems that include
keyless entry devices.
Though anti-theft devices were not offered historically as standard equipment on
vehicles, there is evidence the trend is changing toward vehicle security
systems that are either OEM-approved or installed on the assembly line. As
consumers have become more security conscious, security system and keyless entry
installations rose dramatically on 1997 model year vehicles, according to the
1998 OEM Mobile Electronics Market Trends Guide published by CEMA. OEM
anti-theft device installations on 1997 model year U.S. car production rose to
23.5 percent from 9.2 percent in 1996, CEMA reports. Keyless entry device
installation also jumped, rising from 29.1 percent in 1996 to 40.9 percent for
1997 domestic vehicles, reversing a two-year decline.
Automakers have been less aggressive in offering vehicle security as a feature
on minivans, trucks and sport utility vehicles, though remote keyless entry is a
standard or optional feature on many of these types of vehicles. The presence of
keyless entry provides an enhanced opportunity to sell factory-labeled security
systems at dealerships. Additionally, many dealer lease programs allow customers
to amortize the cost of a factory-labeled alarm system over the term of the loan
payment.
Insurance premium discounts in North America and mandated insurance programs
related to vehicle security in Western Europe provide an additional incentive
for vehicle owners to purchase a security system. In the United States, eleven
states have mandated discounts of 5 to 35 percent on the comprehensive portion
of insurance policies of cars equipped with alarms. More than 50 insurers
voluntarily offer discounts to vehicle owners with alarms. In several Western
European countries, the purchase and installation of accredited vehicle security
systems is a prerequisite to an automobile owner's ability to acquire vehicle
theft coverage.
Security system sales have also been aided by the increased penetration of
remote keyless entry as a factory-installed feature, as well as heightened
consumer interest in remote starters, which enable the user to start his or her
car by remote control from distances of up to 500 feet. More than one-quarter of
domestic cars include factory installed keyless entry devices, and aftermarket
sales of remote car starters have grown steadily in the past five years.
BUSINESS STRATEGY
The Company differentiates itself from competitors by manufacturing its products
in the United States and selling to both the aftermarket and the world's leading
automakers, and by marketing its products as "Made in the U.S.A." The Company
manufactures all the critical components and sub assemblies of its product at
its facility in suburban Detroit, and has begun outsourcing certain components,
from suppliers in Mexico and the Pacific Rim. By comparison, most of
the Company's competitors purchase product built offshore, perform limited
assembly in the United States, and sell exclusively to either the aftermarket or
to the OEMs.
The Company believes its history as a supplier of American-made products to both
OEMs and aftermarket customers provides it with several unique advantages in the
industry. The Company's position as a leading aftermarket security supplier
provides it the opportunity to research and understand consumer preferences,
test-market new product innovations and focus on short production runs. In turn,
the Company has become highly skilled at quickly developing new products,
modifying existing products and manufacturing products in small volumes. These
capabilities provide the Company with certain advantages over larger
manufacturers that supply similar products to the OEMs.
As an OEM supplier, the Company's investments in product testing equipment,
engineering, product development and marketing have afforded it several
opportunities. The Company is vertically integrated, which provides it with
distinct advantages over its non-manufacturing competitors in the aftermarket
business. The Company has been
<PAGE> 4
certified under the ISO-9000 and QS-9000 standards required by the automakers,
while most of the aftermarket competitors do not possess such certification.
In addition, in its role as an OEM supplier, the Company has been able to gain
extensive knowledge of the automakers' business practices and new model trends
by forming direct R&D and sales links with OEMs. Further, the Company has
developed manufacturing, testing and quality methods that are in line with OEM
requirements. Internationally, distributors market the Company's products as
American-made and possessing OEM-approved quality.
The Company's R&D relationships with automakers should prove advantageous as
carmakers move toward creation of an Intelligent Transportation Systems Data Bus
("IDB"), a serial communication bus that creates an open, non-proprietary
standard architecture to allow multiple electronic devices to be installed
easily, cost-effectively and safely in any vehicle. New IDB devices operate on
plug-and-play technology, letting car owners just buy and go.
The Company has earned numerous awards and certifications in both the
aftermarket and as an OEM supplier, including QS-9000 and ISO-9000, Ford's Q1
Quality Award, GM's Target of Excellence, Toyota C-700 and TSC-710, Consumers
Digest "Best Buy" Awards and Audio-Video Grand Prix Product of the Year Awards.
Key elements of the Company's business strategy include the following:
EXPAND SALES EFFORTS TO OEM CUSTOMERS. The Company has been successful in
generating new business from the automakers in the past, and intends to continue
focusing sales and marketing efforts toward the OEM market primarily through the
following:
Auto Brand Distribution to Dealers -- The Company presently markets
vehicle security products to more than 9,000 automobile dealers in
North America pursuant to private label purchase agreements with
General Motors, Ford and Chrysler under the automakers' brand names
including Mr. Goodwrench(TM), Ford Remote Systems(TM) and Mopar(TM),
respectively, and it believes that additional growth opportunities are
available through such dealers. The Company expects to pursue these
opportunities by continuing to promote its sales to dealers through
personal calls on dealers by the Company's sales staff, dealer
education programs, seminars, product literature and manuals and
on-site promotional items such as signs. To support such sales efforts,
the Company intends to continue to offer technical support service and
toll-free telephone lines to answer questions and help with problems.
Direct Sales to Manufacturers for Factory Floor Installation -- The
Company believes that there is potential for expanding its sales to
OEMs for such items as remote keyless entry systems, basic alarm
systems and sensors. In light of increased consumer demand for systems
offered in top-of-the-line models, OEMs are increasingly offering such
systems. It is the Company's intent to capture a larger share of this
market, which is currently supplied by more traditional OEM electronic
suppliers such as TRW and United Technologies. The Company's efforts in
this regard currently consist of direct sales calls to automobile
manufacturers by the Company's sales personnel and independent
manufacturers representatives, and are focused on obtaining long-term
supply contracts.
INCREASE SALES AND SERVICE EFFORTS AMONG MOBILE ELECTRONICS AFTERMARKET
RETAILERS. The Company's 20-year history as a supplier of branded vehicle
security to the aftermarket has enabled it to successfully build a network of
more than 500 aftermarket retailers and distributors. In 1998, the Company
initiated several activities to increase sales and service levels among
independent specialty retailers that sell and install car audio, vehicle
security and related mobile electronics equipment. The Company overhauled its
aftermarket product lines, increased spending on marketing and advertising the
Code-Alarm(TM) and Chapman(TM) brands, revamped its warranty and customer
service programs and transitioned its sales force from an independent rep
structure to a direct sales staff, including district managers. District
managers call on mobile electronics retailers -- sometimes called "12-volt
specialists" -- and provide training on product features, selling techniques and
installation. The Company believes that a direct
<PAGE> 5
sales force, supplemented by selected independent rep firms, will enable it to
provide better, more responsive service to its 12-volt specialists.
EXPAND SALES TO INTERNATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS. The Company has been successful in
expanding its international sales of its products to aftermarket retailers,
vehicle dealers and OEMs by partnering with distributors in approximately 35
countries around the world. These distributors provide a variety of selling,
assembly and delivery options to OEM and aftermarket customers who, in turn,
sell to end-users. The Company supports these international distributors with a
variety of sales, marketing and R&D resources on a continuous basis. The Company
intends to expand its sales efforts to international distributors by hiring
additional sales representatives and providing additional marketing and R&D
support.
CONSOLIDATION OF OPERATIONS, PRODUCTS. During the past two years, the Company
has moved aggressively to consolidate its operations and product lines in order
to facilitate better management and achieve cost efficiencies. In 1996, the
Company discontinued its European operations and began serving key customers and
market segments in Western Europe primarily through relationships with
distributors. The Company's implementation of cell-based manufacturing and the
resulting reduction in physical space requirements enabled the continued
consolidation of operations last year. In 1997, the Company discontinued
manufacturing operations in Texas and closed a distribution warehouse in
California in order to consolidate these operations at the Company's Madison
Heights facilities. The Company anticipates that these consolidations will help
it achieve better cost control, higher quality and improved delivery in the
future.
During the past three years, the Company has also consolidated its product lines
and brand names in order to focus on its core competencies of designing and
manufacturing electronic vehicle security and remote keyless entry devices. In
1996, the Company discontinued sales of mechanical steering wheel locks,
do-it-yourself security products, tracking devices and other non-security mobile
electronics. In 1997, the Company discontinued contract manufacturing of
non-security related items and began to outsource certain of its
security-related components. Additionally, the Company discontinued the use of
several former brand names in order to focus its marketing resources on its two
flagship brands - Code-Alarm(TM) and Chapman(TM) - that are now sold worldwide.
In 1998, the Company placed new emphasis on its brands, both in the aftermarket
and the OEM arena. Among OEMs, Code-Alarm introduced a new interior theft sensor
that is trademarked as the IT-s(TM). The IT-s(TM) is sold to vehicle dealers by
Code-Alarm's sales force. This product marks the first time that Code-Alarm has
been able to sell a product through this distribution channel carrying a brand
name other than that of the carmaker.
In early 1999, the Company further streamlined its branded product line.
Code-Alarm introduced a new product lineup for the aftermarket, consisting of
vehicle security systems, security products that upgrade a factory-installed
keyless entry system, remote keyless entry systems and remote starters. The new
lineup reflects a "good-better-best-ultimate" approach to selling products in
these various categories. The Company also increased its spending on marketing
and advertising to supplement this new product launch, which debuted at the
industry's largest trade show in January 1999.
ENHANCE ENGINEERING, CUSTOMER SERVICE CAPABILITIES. In order to stay competitive
and deliver high quality, consumer-friendly vehicle security systems, the
Company continues to enhance its engineering and product testing capabilities.
The Company believes the product categories it competes in, as well as other
automotive electronics, will be impacted in the future by the creation of an
Intelligent Transportation Systems Data Bus ("IDB"). The IDB is a standardized
communications architecture that will allow different types of electronics
devices to be installed in a "plug and play" manner on vehicles that contain the
data bus. Though the IDB does not exist today, the Company continues to research
and develop systems that will interface with such architecture in the future.
The Company believes that it is favorably positioned to increase its business
opportunities for interfacing with IDB systems because of the Company's
reputation for technical innovation, quality, reliability, QS-9000 accreditation
and competitive pricing. See "Engineering, Research and Development."
<PAGE> 6
In 1997, the Company reorganized several of its customer satisfaction-related
functions including inside sales, customer service, warranty service, technical
service under a newly appointed Director of Customer Satisfaction. Additionally,
the Company implemented a new structure featuring engineering program managers
who interface with major OEM customers and customer groups. Engineering program
managers will handle an increasing number of the customer-specific product
development and logistical issues separate of R&D engineering in the future.
SHORTEN PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND INTRODUCTION CYCLES. The Company believes that
short product development cycles are essential to its success. Such cycles
enable the Company to capitalize upon the higher margins that are associated
with the introduction of new products and positions the Company to establish
itself as a leader in its existing as well as its new markets. The Company's
efforts in this area include simultaneous engineering, which utilizes product
teams from the engineering and manufacturing divisions of the Company whose
function is to streamline product development and introduction cycles.
Investments made in testing-and-certification equipment and personnel have also
enabled the Company to verify products in a more rapid and cost-effective
manner.
PRODUCTS
The Company's vehicle security systems utilize low power radio frequency
technology and are operated by remote micro-transmitters. Frequencies and the
manufacture of transmitters and receivers used in the Company's remote systems
are different in European countries than in the U.S. and are regulated
separately in each country in which the Company does business. The Company's
vehicle security systems fall into two broad categories: alarm systems and
remote keyless entry systems.
Alarm Systems -- In general, the Company's alarm systems contain two
major components: an immobilizer circuit and a siren. The immobilizer
circuit prevents the automobile from being started unless the alarm
system has been turned off. Each system automatically resets itself
after the siren has been sounded for a predetermined period. Many of
these systems allow the operator to choose between manually setting the
alarm upon leaving the vehicle and having the alarm automatically set
one minute after the keys are removed from the ignition switch. Various
other components, such as hood locks and impact sensors, can generally
be added to the alarm system.
Historically, most of the Company's sales have consisted of remote
alarm systems, with a basic unit consisting of a remote
micro-transmitter, which can be attached to the operator's keychain,
and a control unit, which is located inside the automobile. The remote
micro-transmitter is used to turn the alarm system on and off. This
basic unit is typically sold as part of a system which is configured in
various ways based upon the customer preferences and distribution
channels.
In addition to remote alarm systems, the Company also produces digital
and passive alarm systems which offer a lower level of protection.
Digital systems, unlike remote systems, do not offer a way to turn the
alarm system on and off from outside the vehicle. Instead, upon
entering the vehicle, the operator has a fixed period of time to turn
off the alarm system by entering the proper numerical sequence on a
keypad. Passive alarm systems are much like digital systems, except
that the operator only needs to insert the key in the ignition switch
of the automobile to turn off the alarm.
Remote Keyless Entry Systems -- The Company's remote keyless entry
system enables the operator to use the remote micro-transmitter to lock
and unlock the doors or open the trunk from outside the vehicle without
having to use keys, to turn on the interior light to see if anyone is
waiting inside the vehicle and to set off the siren in the event of a
personal emergency.
The Company's products are sold in two categories: OEM and aftermarket. OEM
includes those products sold in the OEM market for vehicle installation before
delivery of a new vehicle to the purchaser through installation by the automaker
or as a dealer-installed option. Post-delivery includes those products which are
installed on a vehicle already owned by the customer, through retail specialty
stores, or by an automotive expediter.
<PAGE> 7
Sales from the Company's core U.S. operations of vehicle security and remote
keyless entry devices were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31
(in thousands, except percentage data)
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
Net Sales Pct. Net Sales Pct. Net Sales Pct.
--------- ---- --------- ---- --------- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
OEM......................... $25,869 62% $27,638 56% $26,212 54%
Aftermarket:
Domestic............ 5,967 14 8,157 16 11,329 23
Foreign............. 4,608 11 7,650 15 3,819 8
Expediter........... 5,216 13 6,273 13 7,521 15
------- -- ------- -- ------- --
Total.................... $41,660 100% $49,718 100% $48,881 100%
======= ==== ======= ==== ======= ====
</TABLE>
(1) This schedule does not include sales from the Company's discontinued
operations, which consist primarily of foreign subsidiaries, contract
manufacturing, and discontinued non-core product lines, including home
security systems and mechanical security devices. Sales from these
activities totaled $3,358,000 and $13,622,000 for the years ended December
31, 1997 and 1996, respectively.
CUSTOMERS
The Company's primary OEM customers consist of General Motors, Ford, Chrysler,
Subaru and Mitsubishi. Historical sales by the Company, from U.S. operations, to
these customer groups are set forth below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31
(in thousands, except percentage data)
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
As a As a As a
Percent Percent Percent
Net Of Total Net Of Total Net Of Total
OEM Net OEM OEM Net OEM OEM Net OEM
Sales Sales Sales Sales Sales Sales
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
General Motors.............. $ 5,179 20% $ 7,114 26% $ 8,275 31%
Ford........................ 6,039 23 6,737 24 7,522 29
Chrysler.................... 2,617 10 3,144 11 2,799 11
Subaru...................... 7,116 28 7,876 29 5,278 20
Mitsubishi.................. 4,918 19 2,028 8 1,246 5
Volkswagen.................. - - 529 2 1,092 4
------- -- ------- -- ------- --
Total OEM Sales $25,869 100% $27,638 100% $26,212 100%
======= ==== ======= ==== ======= ====
</TABLE>
General Motors, Ford, Subaru and Mitsubishi each accounted for more than 10% of
the Company's consolidated net sales during the year ended December 31, 1998.
Sales to General Motors, Ford, Subaru and Mitsubishi accounted for 12.4%, 14.5%,
17.1% and 11.8%, respectively, of the Company's consolidated net sales for the
year ended December 31, 1998. Pursuant to its agreements with General Motors,
Ford and Chrysler, the Company's direct sales personnel and independent
manufacturer's representatives engaged by the Company call on, and solicit
orders directly from, General Motors, Ford and Chrysler dealers. In this
relationship the Company views individual dealers as its customers.
The Company historically has placed and expects to continue to place a strong
emphasis on its retail customers. The Company believes that accelerated growth
in the OEM market for vehicle security systems offers the Company an opportunity
to increase future sales. The Company's expansion into the OEM market, as well
as its continued presence in the retail aftermarkets, is important to the
Company's future success. The increase in pre-delivery installation could have a
negative effect on the growth of the retail market.
<PAGE> 8
MARKETING
During 1998, sales of the Company's products to OEMs were made directly by the
Company's sales and marketing personnel located at the Company's Madison
Heights, Michigan headquarters. Through these sales and marketing personnel, the
Company services its OEM customers. These sales efforts are supported by a field
force of 27 salespersons who call directly on dealers to explain and promote the
ordering of the Company's products through the OEMs.
In the aftermarket channel, the Company used independent sales representatives
to call on specialty mobile electronics retailers throughout most of 1998 and
prior years. During the latter half of the year, Code-Alarm began to transition
its aftermarket sales efforts to direct sales representatives, including
district managers in key major markets.
In promoting sales of vehicle security systems that require professional
installation, the Company emphasizes dealer education programs, sales and
installation seminars, product literature and technical manuals. Educational and
marketing efforts are supplemented by direct mail campaigns, technical
bulletins, advertising support, sales literature, newsletters, product displays
and dealer signs.
To promote quality, customer satisfaction and relationships with dealers and
installers, the Company maintains technical support and consumer support
services and toll-free telephone lines to answer questions and to help solve
problems with installation or operation of the Company's products.
ENGINEERING, RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
The Company employs 10 full-time engineers and 11 full-time technicians in its
engineering and research and development programs. This staff is divided into
three main groups responsible for: (a) providing technical and support services
to its customers, (b) improving manufacturing processes, and (c) developing new
products. The Company's expenditures for engineering, research and development,
including allocation of other costs, were approximately 10.1%, 5.8% and 5.1% of
revenues in 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively.
The Company conducts a variety of research and product development projects
designed to achieve improvements in vehicle security and remote keyless entry
systems through the development of new technologies. The Company's products
include a number of innovative circuits and features developed by the Company.
Past research and development efforts have produced security products which meet
worldwide insurance and government specifications which have much higher
security requirements. The products include innovations such as:
a. impact sensors that use infrared optical technology
b. encrypted transmitters to withstand attempts to capture the code
electronically
b. separate coded immoblizer units to move high security items such as
starter interrupt and fuel disable away from the main security module
c. connectors and colorless wiring schemes to thwart attempts to
overcome the system by "hot-wiring"
d. attack-proof housings that can withstand attempts by thieves to
break into the unit.
The technological innovations of the Company's customers present both challenges
and opportunities. The Company's products must be advanced enough to efficiently
interface with its customer's system. This has led the Company to develop a
series of special inter-connecting systems that are custom designed to each
vehicle. These systems allow for quick and effective installation of the
Company's systems into a vehicle and must interface with the various electrical
systems of the vehicle. This interface may take the form of sophisticated
multiplex systems, where all communications are performed over a single wire,
discrete connections or a combination of the two technologies. The use of these
custom inter-connect systems results in vehicle installations that are faster,
higher quality and less disruptive to the vehicle.
The close relationships of the Company to the vehicle manufacturers has opened
up new opportunities. The Company has a steady stream of requests for quotation
from OEM's due to the Company's excellent supplier ratings, electronic design
expertise and quick production turn-around time. These have led to development
projects in such area's as security lighting, specialized sensors and
specialized harnesses.
MANUFACTURING
The Company produces electronic products at facilities located in Madison
Heights, Michigan. Automated and manual assembly methods are used to produce
circuit boards, key components of many of the Company's products.
The Company received QS-9000 certification at its Madison Heights plant in 1997.
The QS-9000 quality program was jointly developed by GM, Ford and Chrysler in an
attempt to increase the quality process of its suppliers and to unify the
industry's quality standards. QS-9000 is based on the international standard
ISO-9000 that is the defacto requirement in Europe.
The Company implemented cell-based manufacturing during 1997. Cell-based
manufacturing groups closely together all of the equipment and people needed to
manufacture a product. This proximity forces products to be built one at a time
and quickly moved to the next operation for further processing. This results in:
a. Significantly reduced work in process
b. Higher quality
c. Shorter lead times
d. Greater flexibility
e. Reduced floor space requirements.
SUPPLIERS
The Company's products include a number of high-technology components that are
currently sourced from only a few suppliers and, in some cases, a single
supplier. The Company frequently requires large volumes of such components. If
the Company's suppliers are unable to fulfill the Company's needs for such
components, the Company may be unable to fill customer orders and its business
and financial condition, including working capital and results of operations,
may be materially and adversely affected. Since part of the Company's strategy
is to shorten product development and introduction cycles, occasions may arise
in the future where the Company's ability to produce products outpaces its
suppliers' ability to supply components. There can be no assurance that the
Company can continue to obtain adequate supplies or obtain such supplies at
their historical cost levels. The Company has no guaranteed supply arrangements
with any of its sole or limited source suppliers, does not maintain an extensive
inventory of components, and customarily purchases sole or limited source
components pursuant to purchase orders placed in the ordinary course of
business. Moreover, the Company's suppliers may, from time to time, experience
production shortfalls or interruptions which impair the supply of components to
the Company. There can be no assurance that such shortages will not occur in the
future and adversely affect the Company's business and financial condition,
including working capital, and results of operations.
<PAGE> 9
PRODUCT WARRANTY
The Company provides original purchasers of most vehicle security systems with a
limited warranty. Warranties for OEM product normally match the new vehicle
warranty period. Warranties are customarily limited to replacement of defective
parts to the original purchaser. The Company has a dispute pending with
customers who claim that its home security and Intercept(TM) systems
manufactured by the Company were faulty or inoperable. The Company discontinued
manufacturing and distribution of home security systems in 1996.
COMPETITION
All markets in which the Company participates are highly competitive, and many
current or prospective competitors, including several of the Company's
significant OEM customers, are substantially larger and possess significantly
greater financial, marketing and technical resources than the Company. An
increase in factory-installed vehicle security systems or the introduction of
other dealer-installed security systems and remote keyless entry systems by OEM
customers or existing and potential competitors could have a material adverse
effect on the Company.
There are a number of other well-known companies manufacturing and distributing
electronic components for the automotive aftermarket which could become
effective competitors should they choose to enter the vehicle security market.
Many of these companies are much larger and better capitalized than the Company
and have established distribution channels. While offshore producers of
competing systems have not captured significant market share, these companies
could also become significant competitors.
Competing manufacturers have developed vehicle recovery systems designed to
locate stolen automobiles. Sales of other companies' automobile recovery systems
could have a material adverse effect on sales of the Company's products. The
Company also faces competition from certain mechanical devices such as The
Club(TM).
TRADEMARKS AND PATENTS
The Company markets its vehicle security systems under several registered
trademarks. The Company also has patents and patent applications pending for
certain of its products and components. The Company considers its trademarks,
patents and patent applications to be valuable, and has defended, and intends to
continue vigorously defending, its patented and proprietary technology from
infringement or misappropriation. There can be no assurance that the Company's
measures to protect its proprietary rights will deter or prevent unauthorized
use of the Company's technology. Furthermore, the laws of certain countries may
not protect the Company's proprietary rights to the same extent as do the laws
of the United States. The Company has applied for patents on certain inventions
in Europe; however, none of these patents has yet been granted nor is there any
assurance that patents will be granted in the future. In addition, the Company
may, from time to time, become subject to legal claims asserting that the
Company has violated intellectual property rights of third parties. In the event
a third party were to sustain a valid claim against the Company and in the event
any required license were not available on commercially reasonable terms, the
Company's business and financial condition, including working capital and
results of operations, could be materially and adversely affected. See Item 3.
"Legal Proceedings".
REGULATION
The FCC regulates the assignment of frequencies for manufacture and sale of
remote vehicle security systems and remote keyless entry systems in the U.S. The
Company has received FCC authorization to manufacture and sell the devices it
currently sells in the U.S. In Europe, similar government agencies in each
country regulate the assignment of frequencies and the Company has generally
been able to meet the applicable frequency requirements. However, because
insurance industry accreditation of vehicle security systems is, in most
European countries, a prerequisite to an automobile owner's ability to obtain
vehicle theft coverage, the Company's ability to market its products in such
countries is dependent upon obtaining such insurance industry approvals and
certifications. The Company has received French and Belgian insurance industry
accreditation to manufacture and sell electronic security systems. To date, the
Company has been unable to secure German insurance industry accreditation
required to sell its products in Germany. The Company is selling its products in
Spain where no insurance industry certifications are Required. European
insurance industry accreditation standards are subject to change without notice;
and, in 1994, significant changes in industry standards required the development
and introduction of new products for 1995.
The Company's U.S. vehicle security systems are also affected by state insurance
laws. The Company is aware of some states that mandate insurance discounts on
comprehensive coverage for policyholders who have installed certain types of
vehicle security systems. The Company is also aware of at least one state which
provides additional discounts for policyholders who have installed vehicle
recovery systems.
The loss of regulatory and insurance industry approvals or failure to obtain
necessary authorizations in the future could have a material adverse effect on
the Company.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 1998, the Company employed 252 full-time persons. None of the
Company's employees is represented by a labor union or other collective
bargaining representative. The Company believes that relations with its
employees are good.
<PAGE> 10
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES.
The following table sets forth certain information concerning the
principal properties leased by the Company:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
LEASE TERM
LOCATION USE SIZE (SQ. FT.) MONTHLY RENT EXPIRES
- -------- --- -------------- ------------ -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
950 E. Whitcomb Office and manufacturing 42,000 $20,000 2001
Madison Heights, MI
1000 E. Whitcomb Office and warehouse 20,000 $ 9,000 2001
Madison Heights, MI
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
Management believes that the facilities presently occupied are
adequate to meet the Company's requirements for the foreseeable future. All
buildings and equipment are in good working condition.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
Aureo Rivera Davila and Aureo E. Rivera v. Magna Holding Company et
al., was filed March 20, 1997, in the U.S. District Court, Northern District of
Illinois, Eastern Division. Plaintiffs seek enforcement against the Company of a
$19.4 million default judgment entered by the court on July 26, 1990, against
Chapman Industries Corp. ("Industries") for alleged patent infringement. With
accumulated interest, the amount of the default judgment is now approximately
$30 million. A subsidiary of the Company purchased certain assets from LaSalle
National Bank ("LaSalle") on January 19, 1990, in a private sale conducted by
LaSalle under Section 9-504 of the Illinois Uniform Commercial Code to dispose
of collateral securing a defaulted loan made by LaSalle to Chapman Products,
Inc. ("Products"). Plaintiffs allege that the assets were acquired by Products
from Industries. Plaintiffs claim that the sale of assets to the subsidiary of
the Company was a fraudulent conveyance and that the Company is a successor in
interest to the liability of Industries for the default judgment. The Company
has tendered the defense of this action to LaSalle pursuant to the
indemnification terms contained in its purchase agreement with LaSalle. LaSalle
has agreed to pay for up to 50% of the defense, but has refused to assume the
full defense. The Company, through its counsel, filed a Motion to Dismiss, which
resulted in a limitation of the claims the plaintiffs could pursue. After the
close of discovery, the Company filed a Motion for Summary Judgment, on which
the court has not yet ruled. The Company intends to vigorously defend this case,
but there can be no assurance that the Company will prevail or of the amount of
damages to which it may be subject if it does not prevail.
Reese Price v. Code-Alarm, Inc. and Triangle Mobile Electronics, United
States District Court, Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division, was
filed on March 22, 1999, in the form of a Motion to Reopen Case to Enforce Terms
of Settlement Agreement, Granting Partial Summary Judgment, and an Order
Compelling Discovery. The motion alleged that the plaintiff is entitled to at
least $1.3 million, and asked for a partial judgment in that amount, attorney
fees and costs, and the production of certain documents. The Company intends to
vigorously defend the Motion, but there can be no assurance that the Company
will prevail or of the amount of damages to which it may be subject if it does
not prevail.
MATTERS RESOLVED:
TSI Security Acquisition Corp. v. Code-Alarm, Inc. was filed on August
21, 1998, in the Supreme Court for the County of New York and on September 17,
1998, Code-Alarm removed the action to the United States District Court for the
Southern District of New York. This case was settled in December 1998 with
$115,000 payable at the time of settlement and $485,000 over time at 8%
interest, pursuant to a promissory note. The unpaid balance of the note is
convertible into common stock of the Company.
Estate of Randal Vaughn Emmert, et al v. Aetna Life Insurance and
Annuity Company and Code-Alarm, Inc., was filed on April 3, 1998, in the Texas
District Court, 224th Judicial District, Bexar County, Texas. In January 1999
this case was settled, 98% of which was reimbursed under the Company's E & O
insurance policy.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
No matter was submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth
quarter of the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998.
<PAGE> 11
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.
The Common Stock was traded on the Nasdaq Stock Market under the symbol
"CODL" from October 19, 1987, to May 16, 1988, and was traded on the Nasdaq
National Market from May 17, 1988 until April 24, 1997, at which time the Common
Stock was delisted. Since that date, the Common Stock has been trading in the
OTC Bulletin Board, where it is currently traded under the symbol "CODL".
The OTC Bulletin Board reflects inter-dealer prices, without retail
mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not necessarily reflect actual
transactions. The following table sets forth certain information about the price
of the Common Stock which is based on the high and low bid prices for the Common
Stock, as quoted by the OTC Bulletin Board for 1998 and the last three quarters
of 1997, and the Nasdaq National Market for the first quarter of 1997:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
HIGH LOW
---- ---
1998
<S> <C> <C>
First Quarter ................................... $1 3/4 $1 1/8
Second Quarter .................................. 3 1/4 1 1/4
Third Quarter ................................... 1 5/8 7/8
Fourth Quarter .................................. 1 1/4
1997
First Quarter ................................... $3 7/8 $2 3/8
Second Quarter .................................. 3 1/2 1 1/4
Third Quarter ................................... 2 7/8 1 3/4
Fourth Quarter .................................. 3 1/4 1 1/8
</TABLE>
On May 17, 1999, the last reported sale price of the Common Stock as
reported on the OTC Bulletin Board was $0.5937 per share. As of May 17, 1999,
there were approximately 240 shareholders of record of the Company's Common
Stock.
Under the terms of the senior credit agreement with its commercial
bank, the Company may not purchase, redeem, retire, or otherwise acquire shares
of its Common Stock, or make a commitment to do so, without the senior lender's
prior written consent. See Item 7. "Managements' Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations " and "Note 6 to Financial
Statements".
DIVIDEND POLICY
Historically, the Company has not paid any cash or other dividend on
its Common Stock. The Company does not expect to pay dividends on its common
stock in the foreseeable future but currently intends to retain any earnings to
finance operations and to support future growth. Furthermore, the Company's
credit agreement prohibits the payment of dividends. The consent of a majority
of the holders of the Company's Series A-1 Preferred Stock is also required
prior to the declaration or payment of dividends on its Common Stock. A dividend
paid on the Common Stock will trigger the antidilution provisions of the
Attached Warrants, Shortfall Warrants, Litigation Warrants and GECC Warrants.
See "Notes 5 and 8 to Financial Statements".
<PAGE> 12
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA.
CODE-ALARM, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
The selected historical consolidated financial data shown below
have been derived from the Company's audited consolidated financial
statements for the years shown.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31
----------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996 (1) 1995 1994
(in thousands, except per share data)
INCOME STATEMENT DATA:
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales $ 41,660 $ 53,076 $ 62,503 $ 69,188 $ 73,508
Cost of sales 29,276 35,473 43,074 44,718 45,886
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Gross profit 12,384 17,603 19,429 24,470 27,622
Sales and marketing 6,871 7,739 10,145 12,099 13,955
Engineering 1,777 1,542 2,350 3,351 2,696
General and administrative 4,885 8,810 10,175 9,008 7,928
Impairment of goodwill 1,536 2,917
Restructuring charges 773
--------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Total operating expenses 13,533 20,400 25,587 24,458 24,579
Income (loss) from operations (1,149) (2,797) (6,158) 12 3,043
Litigation expense (1,547) (11,403) (1,825) (4,386)
Amortization of financing costs (1,307)
Interest and other expense (2,009) (1,706) (1,562) (1,957) (743)
--------- -------- -------- --------- ---------
Loss before income taxes (6,012) (15,906) (7,720) (3,770) (2,086)
Income taxes (credit) (205) 1,172 (585) (1,046) (710)
--------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Net loss (5,807) (17,078) (7,135) (2,724) (1,376)
Preferred stock dividends (707) (128)
Intrinsic value of beneficial conversion feature on
redeemable preferred stock (4,179) (4)
--------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Net loss applicable to common stock $ (6,514) $(21,385) $ (7,135) $ (2,724) $ (1,376)
========= ========= ======== ======== ========
Net loss per basic common share $ (2.81) $ (9.21) $ (3.07) $ (1.17) $ (0.58)
========= ========= ========= ======== ========
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding 2,321 2,321 2,321 2,320 2,376
========= ======== ========= ======== ========
BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Working capital (deficit) $ 654 $ 3,013 $ (6,091) $ 10,381 $ 12,716
Total assets 12,351 16,062 29,427 42,043 37,821
Long-term obligations and redeemable preferred stock 25,357 23,574 (3) 879 (2) 15,384 13,240
Shareholders' equity (deficit) (19,408) (15,864) 1,052 8,498 11,216
(1) The 1996 results of operations includes a writedown of $3.5 million on assets as part of the Company's divestiture of its
European operations.
(2) At December 31, 1996, all of the Company's long-term obligations relating to senior lender debt and reserve for litigation of
$9.3 million and $5.9 million, respectively, were classified as current liabilities.
(3) Includes reserve for litigation of $10 million. See discussion in "Notes 6 and 10 to the Financial Statements".
(4) See discussion in "Note 6 to the Financial Statements."
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 13
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Year ended December 31, 1998 compared to the year ended December 31, 1997
The Company's consolidated net sales decreased $8.9 million, or 17.6%,
to $41.7 million for the year ended December 31, 1998, as compared to $50.6
million for the year ended December 31, 1997, excluding sales in 1997 of $2.5
million from the Company's discontinued European operations. Contributing to the
decline was the prolonged weakness in several of the Company's key overseas
markets, including Asia, South America, and Russia, the General Motors strike
during mid year, the elimination of unprofitable retail customer product lines,
decrease in OEM dealer sales, and increased price competition in the retail
aftermarket. Non-dealer sales to original equipment manufacturers ("OEM")
improved upon 1997 levels.
For the year ended December 31, 1998, consolidated gross profit
decreased $5.2 million, or 29.6%, to $12.4 million as compared to $17.6 million
for the year ended December 31, 1997. Gross profit as a percentage of
consolidated net sales decreased to 29.7% in 1998 from 33.2% in 1997, due to the
lower sales volumes, higher warranty costs, and higher costs associated with new
products and designs introduced in the last half of 1998. The Company has taken
significant steps to improve product quality and performance, and instituted
programs to enforce existing warranty policies, which should bring gross profit
as a percentage of consolidated net sales closer to 1997 levels.
Consolidated operating expenses decreased $6.9 million, or 33.7%, in
1998 as compared to 1997. Excluding the cost effects in 1997 of the writedown of
intangible assets, restructuring associated with the closure of the Texas
manufacturing operations, and discontinued European operations, other operating
expenses in 1998 decreased $2.8 million. This decrease was due to consolidation
of U.S. operations, cost reduction initiatives and lower sales volumes affecting
primarily sales and marketing costs.
As a result of the above, the Company reported a loss from operations
of $1.1 million for the year ended December 31, 1998, as compared to a loss of
$2.8 million for 1997.
Interest expense increased 13.1% for the year ended December 31, 1998,
to $1.6 million, as compared to $1.4 million for the prior year end. The
increase was due to additional borrowings (Term loan C) resulting from the $10
million judgment and subsequent settlement relating to the patent infringement
claim, partially offset by lower average interest rates during 1998.
Other non-operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 1998 and
1997 include litigation expense associated with reserves for legal settlements
and their related defense costs. Litigation costs for 1998 were partially offset
by $1 million in proceeds received by the Company from settlement of matters
involving patents. The Company recorded for the year ended December 31, 1998, a
$1.3 million charge resulting from the amortization of costs incurred in the
refinancing of the Company's senior lender debt in October 1997, and the value
of warrants issued in connection with the refinancing and debt guarantees.
The Company has determined that any income tax benefit, and related
asset, resulting from current and prior year operating losses is not currently
recognizable, and therefore no related amounts have been recorded for both 1998
and 1997.
As a result of the foregoing, the Company incurred a net loss of $5.8
million for the year ended December 31, 1998, as compared to a net loss of $17.1
million for the year ended December 31, 1997.
<PAGE> 14
Year ended December 31, 1997 compared to the year ended December 31, 1996
The Company's consolidated net sales decreased $9.4 million, or 15.1%,
to $53.1 million for the year ended December 31, 1997, as compared to $62.5
million for the year ended December 31, 1996. The decrease was primarily the
result of the Company's divestiture of its European operations effective April
1997. North American sales were comparable with the prior year. Sales to
international dealers continued their strong performance, increasing 120%, due
to increased market penetration in South America, Israel, and Russia, and an
increase in original equipment manufacturers ("OEM") sales of almost 5%.
Domestic retail aftermarket and automotive expediter sales were down 24% from
1996, primarily due to increased competition and production constraints in the
last half of the year resulting from the consolidation of domestic operations.
For the year ended December 31, 1997, consolidated gross profit
decreased $1.8 million, or 9.4%, to $17.6 million as compared to $19.4 million
for the year ended December 31, 1996. Consolidated gross profit increased to
33.2% in 1997 from 31.1% in 1996, due to the effect of the European divestiture
and their corresponding lower profit margins. Gross profit and related margins
for 1997 were unfavorably impacted by $1.4 million and 2.6%, respectively, due
to additional inventory reserves.
Consolidated operating expenses decreased $5.2 million, or 20.3%, in
1997 as compared to 1996. Excluding the effect from the European operations, all
other operating expenses increased slightly. The other operating expenses
include a writedown of intangible assets of $1.2 million and $.8 million of
restructuring charges relating to the closure of the Company's Texas
manufacturing operations. Ongoing operating expenses decreased slightly.
As a result of the above, the Company reported a loss from operations
of $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 1997, as compared to a loss of
$6.2 million for 1996.
Interest expense was down 9% for the year ended December 31, 1997, to
$1.4 million, as compared to $1.6 million for the prior year end. The Company's
senior debt refinancing and proceeds from the issuance of preferred equity used
to reduce the Company's outstanding indebtedness contributed to the decrease.
For the year ended December 31,1997, the Company recorded $11.4 million
as litigation expense, which includes an amount for contingency reserve made in
response to a judgment issued on February 3, 1998 (as amended), and Company
defense costs incurred, both in connection with a patent infringement claim. See
Note 10 to Financial Statements.
Income tax expense of $1.2 million for the year ended December 31,
1997, reflected a valuation allowance against the Company's deferred tax assets.
The Company determined that any deferred tax benefit, and related asset,
resulting from current and prior year operating losses was not currently
recognizable.
As a result of the foregoing, the Company incurred a net loss of $17.1
million for the year ended December 31, 1997, as compared to a net loss of $7.1
million for the year ended December 31, 1996.
EFFECT OF INFLATION
The Company does not believe that inflation has had a material impact
on its operations over the past three years.
<PAGE> 15
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The Company's consolidated working capital at December 31, 1998 was
$654,000, as compared to $3 million at December 31, 1997. The current ratio
(current assets divided by current liabilities) as of December 31, 1998 was 1.10
to 1, compared to 1.36 to 1 at December 31, 1997. The changes in working capital
and current ratio as of December 31, 1998, as compared to December 31, 1997,
were in large measure due to the Company's operating loss in 1998 and litigation
settlements.
Cash used in operating activities was $9.7 million for the year ended
December 31, 1998, which reflected payments for litigation settlements and
related defense costs of $10.7 million. Excluding litigation related payments,
the Company's operating activities provided cash flow of $1 million through
improved collection of receivables and reduction of excess inventory levels. The
Company's capital expenditures for 1998, net of proceeds from the sale of
capital assets, were financed from borrowings. The Company had no material
commitments for capital expenditures as of December 31, 1998, and does not
anticipate significant capital expenditures for 1999. As of December 31, 1998,
the Company had $400,000 available for borrowing under the Company's $12 million
revolving note.
On June 1, 1998, the Company entered into a comprehensive worldwide
settlement agreement and mutual release as it relates to the Detroit Litigation
judgment in exchange for payment of $10 million by the Company. Payment was made
on June 19, 1998, with proceeds from Term loan C, provided for under the
provisions of the senior credit agreement.
On March 29, 1999, the Company entered into (a) a credit agreement with
its Series A-1 shareholders and senior lender, (b) an amendment and waiver to
the senior credit agreement dated October 24, 1997, as amended, and (c)
agreements amending the warrants previously issued by the Company to its Series
A-1 shareholders and senior lender.
Pursuant to this credit agreement, the lenders have made available to
the Company an unsecured term loan facility for up to $1.5 million. Proceeds
from the loans were used for working capital requirements. The interest rate on
borrowings is 15%. The Company may only borrow under the facility if it has a
minimum amount of availability under the senior credit agreement.
As consideration to enter into the credit agreement by its Series A-1
shareholders and senior lender, the Company agreed to a reduction in price of
certain of their warrants previously issued. The warrant amendments reduce the
exercise price from either $1.04 or $1.88 to $.52 per share, with further
reductions of $.10 per share every three months starting October 31, 1999, if
there remains outstanding at such time any obligation of the Company under the
credit agreement.
The Company believes it will be able to meet all of its current
obligations, including capital expenditures and debt service, from its existing
revolving credit facility, cash flow from operations, and with proceeds from
the additional financing noted above.
<PAGE> 16
YEAR 2000 READINESS DISCLOSURE
The "Year 2000 issue" is generally used to describe various problems
that may result from the improper processing of dates related to the year 2000
and beyond by computers and other types of equipment, including embedded
technology in production machinery and equipment, due to some systems storing
the year as two digits versus four digits. This generally means that affected
computer hardware and software will not properly distinguish dates in 2000 from
dates in 1900.
State of Readiness
The Company's Information Services department is coordinating the
evaluation and resolution of the Company's Year 2000 issues. Major groups, such
as manufacturing, engineering, finance, purchasing and human resources, have
been surveyed for affected applications affecting the Company's business,
including core business systems, user-controlled plant processes,
user-controlled research and development processes, suppliers and payroll. The
Year 2000 project is being implemented in five phases: Assessment, Planning,
Implementation, Testing and Contingency Planning. The Company began the
Assessment and Planning phases during the third quarter of 1998 and completed
these phases during the first quarter of 1999. The Implementation phase began
during the fourth quarter of 1998, and will continue through the third quarter
of 1999. Testing began during the first quarter of 1999 and will continue
through the third quarter of 1999, with all critical systems being tested and
completed during the second quarter. The Company is in the process of reviewing
its other electronic and software products for Year 2000 compliance. Some of the
Company's products contain embedded chips, but the Company has determined that
these products should continue to function properly, as they do not store or use
date information.
The Company is also undertaking a review of companies with which it
transacts business to determine their Year 2000 compliance. Key suppliers and
customers are being targeted in this review. As part of this evaluation, the
Company will send out Year 2000 questionnaires and will visit certain supplier
sites. Early inquiries indicate a range of Year 2000 activity by these customers
and suppliers, but the results of the evaluation are not yet complete.
Costs to Address Year 2000 Issues
The costs associated with Year 2000 compliance are divided into roughly
two-thirds hardware and software and one-third personnel expense and
professional fees paid to third party providers for assistance. It is the
Company's practice to expense personnel costs and fees as incurred and to
capitalize allowable new and upgraded hardware and software in accordance with
its policies and procedures. Costs expended in 1998, excluding personnel costs
and fees, were approximately $60,000, with additional costs of $150,000
anticipated in 1999. The Company expects to fund costs associated with Year 2000
activities from its operations.
Risks Presented by Year 2000 Issues
Successful execution of the Company's Year 2000 project would result in critical
systems becoming Year 2000 compliant on a timely basis. If, however, Year 2000
issues persist in these systems, then there could be an interruption in, or
failure of, the Company's normal business activities that could have a material
adverse effect on the Company's operations, liquidity and financial condition.
The Company's Year 2000 project will also help improve the Company's information
on the preparedness of third parties with whom it transacts business. While the
<PAGE> 17
information is valuable in helping the Company assess these Year 2000 risks,
there can be no assurances that the information received is accurate or
complete, that these third parties have fully anticipated their Year 2000
exposure, or that these third parties will become Year 2000 compliant on a
timely basis. If Year 2000 issues persist with these third parties, then there
could be an interruption in, or failure of, the Company's normal business
activities that could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
operations, liquidity and financial condition. At this time there is
insufficient information to evaluate the likelihood of such an occurrence. In
addition, there are Year 2000 issues that will generally affect all businesses,
including the Company, such as the Year 2000 compliance of public utility
companies and governmental agencies. If such Year 2000 issues occur, then there
could be an interruption in, or failure of, the Company's normal business
activities that could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
operations, liquidity and financial condition. At this time, there is
insufficient information to evaluate the likelihood of such an occurrence.
Contingency Plans
While the Company would generally expect to manage business
interruptions relating to Year 2000 issues in a manner similar to other
potential interruption issues encountered in the regular course of business, the
Company is developing certain contingency plans relating specifically to Year
2000 issues. For example, the current contingency plan would allow the Company
to operate for a short period of time without the intervention of computers in
its internal operations, to establish alternate suppliers wherever possible and
to have certain suppliers build a bank of inventory during the latter part of
1999. Contingency planning began in the first quarter of 1999 and will continue
into early second quarter 1999. The Company will review its contingency plans
periodically for their efficacy and revise them as necessary throughout 1999 as
it progresses with its Year 2000 project. However, the contingency plans are
expected to provide relief only for short periods, after which there could be an
interruption in, or failure of, the Company's normal business activities that
could have a material adverse effect on the Company's operations, liquidity and
financial condition.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, companies
are provided a "safe harbor" for discussing their expectations regarding future
performance. We believe it is in the best interest of our shareholders and
investors to use these provisions and provide such forward-looking information.
Such forward-looking statements include items such as our expectations for
future Company performance and earnings; our expectations regarding future
income tax rates and liabilities and future capital expenditures; our estimated
completion dates for the various phases of our Year 2000 Plan, as well as the
project's estimated costs and projected effectiveness; our belief in the
Company's ability to meet its current obligations; and other statements that are
not historical facts.
Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report
and are based on currently available industry, financial, and economic data and
our operating plans. They are also inherently uncertain, and events could turn
out to be materially different from our expectations.
Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but
are not limited to, economic conditions affecting the demand for new vehicles;
the uncertainties inherent in resolving disputed matters through negotiation,
arbitration, litigation, or other means; changing tax laws and regulations,
as well as their interpretations; competitive and technological changes that
affect our ability to market our products competitively and cost effectively;
personal events that affect key employees' employment relationships with the
Company; the risks discussed above in our Year 2000 Readiness Disclosure; and
such other risk factors as may be discussed in the Company's reports filed with
the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
The Company disclaims any obligation or undertaking to disseminate any
updates or revisions to its statements, forward-looking or otherwise, to reflect
changes in the Company's expectations or any change in events, conditions, or
circumstances on which such statements are based.
<PAGE> 18
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT
MARKET RISK.
In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to market risk
exposure from changes in interest rates and raw material prices. Substantially
all of the Company's financial transactions are conducted in U.S. currency, and
therefore the Company does not believe that there is any potential material loss
with respect to foreign currency exchange rate risk. All of the Company's market
risk sensitive instruments are entered into for non-trading purposes.
Interest rates represent the primary risk of loss to the Company.
Substantially all of the Company's long-term debt is based upon variable rates
of interest, either short-term U.S. prime or LIBOR. Hypothetical 1% adverse
change in average rates during 1999, assuming long-term debt at December 31,
1998 remains outstanding for the entire period, would result in additional
interest expense of approximately $180,000. The Company manages the exposure to
rate increases by selecting between various maturities under LIBOR based loans
versus prime rate loans.
The Company's has limited its exposure to significant raw material
price increases for 1999, as the Company has entered into fixed pricing
arrangements on major components with key suppliers.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.
The consolidated financial statements, notes thereto and supplementary
financial statement schedules with respect to this item are set forth in the
Table of Contents to the Consolidated Financial Statements and Consolidated
Financial Statement Schedules appearing on page F-1 of this report.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON
ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
Information with respect to this item may be found under the caption
"Proposal II - Approval of Independent Certified Public Accountants" of the
Company's 1999 Proxy Statement and such information is incorporated herein by
reference.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT.
Information with respect to this item may be found under the caption
"Directors, Nominees and Executive Officers" and "Additional Information" of the
Company's 1999 Proxy Statement and such information is incorporated herein by
reference.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.
Information with respect to this item may be found under the captions
"Executive Compensation", "Directors' Compensation" and "Compensation Committee
Report on Executive Compensation" of the Company's 1999 Proxy Statement and such
information is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND
MANAGEMENT.
Information with respect to this item may be found under the captions
"Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management" and
"Shareholder Agreement" of the Company's 1999 Proxy Statement and such
information is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS.
Information with respect to this item may be found under the caption
"Certain Transactions" and "Shareholder Agreement" of the Company's 1999 Proxy
Statement and such information is incorporated herein by reference.
<PAGE> 19
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K.
(a) The following documents are filed as a part of this report:
1. Financial Statements:
The consolidated financial statements and notes thereto filed with this
report are listed on page F-1.
2. Financial Statements Schedule:
The financial statement schedule filed with this report is listed on
page F-1. All other schedules have been omitted since the required
information is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission
of the schedule or because the required information is included in the
Financial Statements or Notes thereto.
3. Exhibits:
3.1 Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company, incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on
Form S-18, as amended, registration No. 33-16991C ("Form S-18").
3.1.1 Certificate of Designation, Numbers, Powers, Preferences and Relative
Participating, Optional and Other Rights of Series A Preferred Stock of
Code-Alarm, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1.1 to the
Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
3.1.2 Certificate of Designation, Numbers, Powers, Preferences and Relative
Participating, Optional, and Other Rights of Series B Preferred Stock
of Code-Alarm, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1.2 to the
Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
3.2.1 Bylaws of the Company, as amended, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
3.2.1 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
9. Shareholder Agreement, as amended, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
9 to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1989.
9.1 Termination of Shareholder Agreement dated February 15, 1997
incorporated by reference to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1996.
10.1 Credit Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 (the "Credit Agreement")
among Company, General Electric Capital Corporation ("GECC"), in its
capacity as a "Lender", and the other financial institutions which may
from time to time become parties to the Credit Agreement (GECC, in such
capacity, and such other financial institutions being sometimes
hereinafter referred to collectively as the "Lenders" and individually
as a "Lender"), and GECC, in its separate capacity as agent for the
Lenders (the "Agent") with Exhibits and Annexes attached, incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Form 8K dated October 24,
1997.
10.1.1 Amendment, Waiver and Consent to Credit Agreement dated as of March 4,
1998 among Company, General Electric Capital Corporation ("GECC"), in
its capacity as a "Lender", and the other financial institutions which
may from time to time become parties to the Credit Agreement (GECC, in
such capacity, and such other financial institutions being sometimes
hereinafter referred to collectively as the "Lenders"
<PAGE> 20
and individually as a "Lender"), and GECC, in its separate capacity as
agent for the Lenders, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.73 to
the Company's Form 8-K dated March 4, 1998.
10.1.2 Conformed Copy Incorporating Amendment and Waiver dated as of March 4,
1998, of the Credit Agreement, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.74 to the Company's Form 8-K dated March 4, 1998.
10.1.3 Amendment No. 2 and Waiver No. 2 to Credit Agreement dated as of April
8, 1998 by and among Company, General Electric Capital Corporation
("GECC"), in its capacity as a "Lender", and the other financial
institutions which may from time to time become parties to the Credit
Agreement (GECC, in such capacity, and such other financial
institutions being sometimes hereinafter referred to collectively as
the "Lenders" and individually as a "Lender"), and GECC, in its
separate capacity as agent for the Lenders, incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.1.3 to the Company's Form 10-K dated April 15, 1998.
10.1.4 Amendment No. 3 and Waiver No. 3 to Credit Agreement and Other Loan
Documents dated April 20, 1998, by and among Company, General Electric
Capital Corporation ("GECC"), in its capacity as a "Lender", and the
other financial institutions which may from time to time become parties
to the Credit Agreement (GECC, in such capacity, and such other
financial institutions being sometimes hereinafter referred to
collectively as the "Lenders" and individually as a "Lender"), and
GECC, in its separate capacity as agent for the Lenders, incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.1.4 to the Company's Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended June 30, 1998.
10.1.5 Waiver No. 4 to Credit Agreement and Other Loan Documents dated June
12, 1998, by and among Company, General Electric Capital Corporation
("GECC"), in its capacity as a "Lender", and the other financial
institutions which may from time to time become parties to the Credit
Agreement (GECC, in such capacity, and such other financial
institutions being sometimes hereinafter referred to collectively as
the "Lenders" and individually as a "Lender"), and GECC, in its
separate capacity as agent for the Lenders, incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.1.5 to the Company's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June
30, 1998.
10.1.6 Waiver No. 5 to Credit Agreement and dated July 1, 1998, by and among
Company, General Electric Capital Corporation ("GECC"), in its capacity
as a "Lender", and the other financial institutions which may from time
to time become parties to the Credit Agreement (GECC, in such capacity,
and such other financial institutions being sometimes hereinafter
referred to collectively as the "Lenders" and individually as a
"Lender"), and GECC, in its separate capacity as agent for the Lenders,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1.6 to the Company's Form 10-Q
for the quarter ended June 30, 1998.
10.1.7 Waiver No. 6 to Credit Agreement dated as of August 14, 1998, by and
among the Company, the other Credit Parties from time to time party to
the Credit Agreement, the financial institutions from time to time
party to the Credit Agreement (the "Lenders"), and General Electric
Capital Corporation ("GECC") in its individual capacity and as agent
for the Lenders, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1.7 to the
Company's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1998.
10.1.8 Amendment No. 4, Waiver No. 7, and Consent No. 2 to Credit Agreement
and Other Loan Documents dated as of October 1, 1998, by and among the
Company, the other Credit Parties from time to time party to the Credit
Agreement, the financial institutions from time to time party to the
Credit Agreement (the "Lenders"), the financial institutions from time
to time party to the Litigation L/C Agreement (the "Term Lenders"), and
General Electric Capital Corporation ("GECC") in its individual
capacity as a "Lender," a "Term Lender," and as agent for the Lenders
and the Term Lenders, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1.8 to
the Company's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1998.
10.2 Security Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by the Company
in favor of the Agent and the Lenders (Credit Agreement), incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.41 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October
24, 1997.
<PAGE> 21
10.3 Security Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by Tessco
Group, Inc. ("Tessco"), in favor of the Agent and the Lenders (Credit
Agreement), incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 to the Company's
Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.4 Guaranty dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by Tessco in favor of
Agent and the Lenders (Credit Agreement), incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.43 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.5 Pledge Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by Company in
favor of the Agent and the Lenders (Credit Agreement), incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.44 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24,
1997.
10.6 Pledge Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by Craig S.
Camalo in favor of the Agent and the Lenders (Credit Agreement),
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.45 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
10.7 Patent Security Agreement dated October 24, 1997 executed by Company in
favor of the Agent and the Lenders (Credit Agreement), incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.46 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24,
1997.
10.8 Contribution Indemnification and Subordination Agreement dated October
24, 1997 among the Credit Parties (Credit Agreement), incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.47 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24,
1997.
10.9 Litigation L/C and Term Loan C Agreement (the "Litigation Agreement")
dated as of October 24, 1997 among the Company, Agent and other
financial institutions which may from time to time become parties to
the Litigation Agreement as Term Lenders, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.48 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.10 Security Agreement dated October 2, 1997 executed by the Company in
favor of the Agent and the Term Lenders (Litigation Agreement),
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.49 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
10.11 Security Agreement dated October 24, 1997 executed by Tessco in favor
of the Agent and the Term Lenders (Litigation Agreement), incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.50 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October
24, 1997.
10.12 Guaranty dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by Tessco in favor of
the Agent and the Term Lenders (Litigation Agreement), incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.51 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24,
1997.
10.13 Pledge Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by the Company
in favor of the Agent and the Term Lenders (Litigation Agreement),
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.52 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
10.14 Pledge Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by Craig S.
Camalo in favor of the Agent and the Terms Lenders (Litigation
Agreement), incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.53 to the Company's
Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.15 Patent Security Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by the
Company in favor of the Agent and the Term Lenders (Litigation
Agreement), incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.54 to the Company's
Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
<PAGE> 22
10.16 Warrant Purchase Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by
GECC and the Company, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.55 to the
Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.17 Warrant to Purchase Common Stock of Company issued to GECC and executed
by the Company, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.56 to the
Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.18 Unit Purchase Agreement dated as of October 27, 1997 among the Company,
Pegasus Partners, L.P. ("PP"), Pegasus Related Partners, L.P. ("PRP"),
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.57 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
10.19 Letter granting PP and PRP the right to purchase accelerated
obligations executed by GECC and acknowledged by the Company,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.58 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
10.20 Registration Rights Agreement dated as of October 27, 1997 among the
Company, PP, PRP and GECC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.59
to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.21 Form of Attached Warrant to purchase Common Stock of the Company,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.60 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
10.22 Form of Shortfall Warrant to purchase Common Stock of the Company,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.61 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
10.23 Form of Litigation Warrant to purchase Common Stock of the Company,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.62 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
10.24 Limited Supplemental Guaranty dated as of October 24, 1997 by and among
PP, PRP and GECC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.64 to the
Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.25 Limited Litigation Guaranty dated as of October 24, 1997 by and among
PP, PRP and GECC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.65 to the
Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.26 Company's 1997 Stock Option Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.66 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.27 Letter Agreement dated as of October 27, 1997 among Robyn L. Mueller
Trust, the Kenneth M. Mueller Charitable Remainder Unitrust, Mr. Rand
Mueller, PP, PRP and the Company, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.67 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.28 Employment Agreement with Rand W. Mueller, as amended, incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Registration Statement on
Form S-1, as amended, registration No. 33-31356 ("Form S-1"), and as
further amended by Amendment No. 2 to Employment Agreement incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Form 10-Q for the quarter
ended September 30, 1992 ("September 1992 10-Q"); and as further
amended by Amendment No. 4 to Employment Agreement dated May 20, 1997
and Amendment No. 5 to Employment Agreement dated May 29, 1997, each
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.68 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
10.29 Employment Agreement dated May 20, 1997 between the Company and Craig
S. Camalo, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.69 to the Company's
Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.30 Employment Agreement dated May 20, 1997 between the Company and Peter
Stouffer, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.70 to the Company's
Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
<PAGE> 23
10.31 Employment Agreement dated May 20, 1997 between the Company and Michael
Schroeder, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.71 to the Company's
Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.32 Letter Agreement dated October 1, 1997 between then Company and Kenneth
M. Mueller, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.72 to the Company's
Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.33 1987 Stock Option Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to
Form S-18, and amendment thereto, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.3 to 1990 Form 10-K.
10.34 Indemnification Agreement with Rand W. Mueller, incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Form S-18.
The Company has entered into the same form of agreement with the
following directors and executive officers as of the dates indicated:
Description
Marshall J. Mueller May 29, 1987
Kenneth M. Mueller May 29, 1987
William S. Pickett May 29, 1987
Alan H. Foster May 17, 1988
Peter J. Stouffer March 22, 1991
Jack D. Rutherford May 21, 1991
Michael P. Schroeder March 24, 1995
Craig S. Camalo April 15, 1996
10.35 Mortgage Agreement with Rand W. Mueller, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.8 to 1992 Form 10-K.
10.36 Lease of real property at 950 E. Whitcomb, Madison Heights, Michigan,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to 1992 Form 10-K.
10.38 General Motors Corporation contract, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.19 to Form S-1.
10.39 Ford Motor Corporation contract, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.20 to Form S-1.
10.40 Chrysler Corporation contract, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.21 to Form S-1.
10.41 Purchase Agreement with Mitsubishi Motor Sales of America, Inc.,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to 1992 Form 10-K.
16.1 Changes in Registrant's Certifying Accountant, incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 16.1 to the Company's Form 8-K dated November 2,
1998.
16.2 Changes in Registrant's Certifying Accountant, incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 16.2 to the Company's Form 8-K dated December 30,
1998.
21* List of Subsidiaries.
27* Financial Data Schedule.
b) A Form 8-K dated November 2, 1998, reporting Items 4 and 7, and a Form
8-K dated December 30, 1998, reporting Item 4, were filed by the
Company during the quarter ended December 31, 1998.
* Filed with this report.
<PAGE> 24
CODE-ALARM, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGES
-----
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF CODE-ALARM, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES:
<S> <C>
REPORTS OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS................................................................. F-2 TO F-3
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:
BALANCE SHEETS ............................................................................... F-4
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS ..................................................................... F-5
STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) ................................................. F-6
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS ..................................................................... F-7
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.................................................... F-8 TO F-19
FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE:
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS................................................................ F-20
II. VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS AND RESERVES........................................... F-21
</TABLE>
F-1
<PAGE> 25
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The Board of Directors and Shareholders
Code-Alarm, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Code-Alarm, Inc.
and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1998, and the related consolidated
statements of operations, shareholders' equity (deficit), and cash flows for the
year then ended. Our audit also included the financial statement schedule for
the year ended December 31, 1998, listed in the Index at Item 14(a). These
financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company's
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial
statements and schedule based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards.
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable
assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the 1998 financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Code-Alarm,
Inc. and subsidiaries at December 31, 1998, and the consolidated results of
their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity
with generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related
financial statement schedule for the year ended December 31, 1998, when
considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole,
presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Detroit, Michigan
March 1, 1999,
except for the effects of the
amendments to the loan agreements
as described in Note 6, as to which
the date is March 31, 1999
F-2
<PAGE> 26
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of
Code-Alarm, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company"), as of December 31, 1997, and
the related statements of operations, shareholders' equity (deficit), and of
cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 1997.
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial
statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly,
in all material respects, the financial position of Code-Alarm, Inc. and
subsidiaries as of December 31, 1997, and the results of their operations and
their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31,
1997, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Detroit, Michigan
April 15, 1998
F-3
<PAGE> 27
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
CODE-ALARM, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 1998 1997
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(In thousands)
ASSETS
Current assets:
<S> <C> <C>
Cash $ 62 $ 36
Accounts receivable, less allowance of $486,000 and $1,073,000
in 1998 and 1997, respectively 3,793 5,615
Inventories (Notes 1 and 3) 2,727 4,291
Refundable income taxes 950
Other 474 503
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total current assets 7,056 11,395
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation (Notes 1 and 4) 1,908 2,444
Other assets, net of amortization:
Goodwill (Note 1) 293 320
Other intangibles 105 332
Financing costs (Note 5) 2,802 1,044
Other 187 527
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total assets $ 12,351 $ 16,062
===========================================================================================================================
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable $ 4,176 $ 5,545
Accrued expenses 1,775 2,040
Current portion of long-term debt (Note 6) 451 797
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total current liabilities 6,402 8,382
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Long-term debt (Note 6) 18,006 6,574
Reserve for litigation (Note 10) 10,000
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 7 and 10)
Series A 10% redeemable preferred stock, $.01 par value; 400,000 shares authorized
57,756 and 55,000 issued and outstanding in 1998 and 1997, respectively (Note 8) 7,351 7,000
Shareholders' equity (deficit):
Preferred stock, non-cumulative, no par value; 99,999 shares authorized; none issued
Series B redeemable preferred stock, $.01 par value; 1 share authorized,
issued and outstanding in 1998 and 1997
Common stock, no par value; 20,000,000 and 5,000,000 shares authorized in 1998 and
1997, respectively; 2,320,861 issued and outstanding in 1998 and 1997, respectively 12,213 12,213
Other equity (Notes 5 and 8) 7,179 4,179
Accumulated deficit (38,800) (32,286)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total shareholders' equity (deficit) (19,408) (15,894)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity (deficit) $ 12,351 $ 16,062
===========================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial
statements.
F-4
<PAGE> 28
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
CODE-ALARM, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For the years ended December 31, 1998 1997 1996
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(In thousands, except per share data)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales (Note 11) $ 41,660 $ 53,076 $ 62,503
Cost of sales 29,276 35,473 43,074
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gross profit 12,384 17,603 19,429
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing 6,871 7,739 10,145
Engineering 1,777 1,542 2,350
General and administrative 4,885 8,810 10,175
Impairment of goodwill (Note 1) 1,536 2,917
Restructuring charges (Note 13) 773
-------- -------- --------
13,533 20,400 25,587
-------- -------- --------
Loss from operations (1,149) (2,797) (6,158)
Other (income) expense:
Interest expense 1,622 1,434 1,576
Amortization of financing costs (Note 5) 1,307
Litigation expense (Note 10) 1,547 11,403
Other 387 272 (14)
-------- -------- --------
4,863 13,109 1,562
-------- -------- --------
Loss before income taxes (6,012) (15,906) (7,720)
Income tax expense (benefit):
Current (205) (868) (761)
Deferred 2,040 176
-------- -------- --------
(205) 1,172 (585)
-------- -------- --------
Net loss (5,807) (17,078) (7,135)
Preferred stock dividends (707) (128)
Intrinsic value of beneficial conversion feature on
Series A redeemable preferred stock (Note 8) (4,179)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net loss applicable to common stock $ (6,514) $ (21,385) $ (7,135)
===========================================================================================================================
Loss per share - basic and diluted $ (2.81) $ (9.21) $ (3.07)
===========================================================================================================================
Weighted average common shares outstanding 2,321 2,321 2,321
===========================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial
statements.
F-5
<PAGE> 29
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
CODE-ALARM, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Accumulated
Common Stock Other Total
For the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 ----------------- Other Accumulated Comprehensive Shareholders'
and 1998 Shares Amount Equity Deficit Income Equity (Deficit)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(In thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance, December 31, 1995 2,320 $ 12,210 $ (3,766) $ 54 $ 8,498
Stock issued under stock option plan 1 3 3
Net loss (7,135) (7,135)
Foreign currency translation adjustment (314) (314)
---------
Comprehensive loss (7,449)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance, December 31, 1996 2,321 12,213 (10,901) (260) 1,052
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net loss (17,078) (17,078)
Foreign currency translation adjustment 260 260
---------
Comprehensive loss (16,818)
Recognition of intrinsic value of beneficial
conversion feature on Series A redeemable
preferred stock $ 4,179 (4,179)
Preferred stock dividends (128) (128)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance, December 31, 1997 2,321 12,213 4,179 (32,286) (15,894)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net loss and comprehensive loss (5,807) (5,807)
Value of warrants (Note 5) 3,000 3,000
Preferred stock dividends (707) (707)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance, December 31, 1998 2,321 $ 12,213 $ 7,179 $(38,800) $ $ (19,408)
==============================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial
statements.
F-6
<PAGE> 30
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
CODE-ALARM, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For the years ended December 31, 1998 1997 1996
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(In thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss $ (5,807) $ (17,078) $ (7,135)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in)
operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 2,369 1,853 1,309
Impairment of goodwill 1,536 2,917
Write off other assets 219 1,358
Payment of litigation settlement (10,000) (6,055)
Foreign currency translation effect on cash 260
Deferred income taxes 2,040 86
Noncash litigation charge 485
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable 1,822 3,183 1,954
Inventories 1,564 4,443 6,077
Refundable income taxes 950 109 (234)
Other assets 369 167 492
Accounts payable (1,369) (4,329) (2,487)
Accrued expenses (293) (340) 548
Reserve for litigation 10,000 95
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total adjustments (3,884) 14,225 10,757
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities (9,691) (2,853) 3,622
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures (988) (266) (716)
Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment 432
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash used in investing activities (556) (266) (716)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Debt refinancing and preferred stock issue costs (1,074)
Proceeds from revolving credit agreement 1,828 5,880
Issuance of senior lender term note 10,000
Reduction of long-term debt (1,227) (8,696) (3,072)
Net paydown of line of credit (207)
Issuance of common stock 2
Issuance of redeemable preferred stock 7,000
Preferred stock dividends paid (328)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 10,273 3,110 (3,277)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net increase (decrease) in cash 26 (9) (371)
Cash, beginning of year 36 45 416
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash, end of year $ 62 $ 36 $ 45
=========================================================================================================================
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the year for interest $ 1,488 $ 1,453 $ 1,576
=========================================================================================================================
Noncash transaction-payment of dividends-in-kind
on Series A preferred stock $ 351 $ - $ -
=========================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial
statements.
F-7
<PAGE> 31
CODE-ALARM, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998, 1997 AND 1996
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
BUSINESS OPERATIONS
The Company designs, manufactures, imports and markets vehicle security
systems, keyless entry systems, remote car starters, and related products.
During 1997, the Company consolidated all operations to the headquarters
location in Madison Heights, MI. This consolidation included closing subsidiary
operations in Europe and Texas. All costs associated with the consolidation were
recognized as of December 31, 1997. See further discussion in the intangible
asset description below and in Note 13, "Restructuring."
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the
Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Intercompany accounts and
transactions have been eliminated.
INVENTORIES
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is
determined by the first-in, first-out ("FIFO") method.
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is being
provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the
related assets. Upon retirement or disposal of property or equipment, the cost
and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any gain or loss
is included in operations. Estimated useful lives are 3 to 8 years for machinery
and equipment, 5 years for furniture and fixtures, 4 years for computer
equipment, and leasehold improvements are depreciated over the life of the
leases.
INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The excess of acquisition cost over net assets acquired ("Goodwill") is
amortized on a straight-line basis over 12 years. The Company continually
evaluates the realizability of Goodwill based upon expectations of estimated
undiscounted future cash flow and operating income. Impairment of Goodwill is
recognized as a charge to operations when the estimated future cash flows are
less than the carrying value of the Goodwill. In 1997 and 1996, $1,536,000 and
$2,917,000, respectively, was charged to operations for impairment of Goodwill
associated with acquisitions. The costs of all other intangible assets,
comprised primarily of patents and trademarks, are amortized on a straight-line
basis over their respective estimated useful lives, generally five years.
Accumulated amortization of intangible assets amounted to $1,723,000 and
$1,469,000 at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
REVENUE RECOGNITION
Revenues and related product return and warranty costs are recognized
from sales when the product is shipped. Accrued warranty costs amounted to
$312,000 and $213,000 at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AND ADVERTISING COSTS
Expenditures for the research and development of new and improved
products are charged to operations as incurred and aggregated $763,000,
$580,000, and $601,000 for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997, and 1996,
respectively. Advertising costs are charged to operations as incurred. Amounts
incurred were $778,000, $704,000, and $578,000 in 1998, 1997, and 1996,
respectively.
MANAGEMENT ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the financial
F-8
<PAGE> 32
statements. The actual results could differ from the estimates made in the
preparation of the consolidated financial statements.
LOSS PER COMMON SHARE
In 1997, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards ("SFAS") No. 128, "Earnings per Share". SFAS 128 replaces the
presentation of primary and fully diluted earnings per share ("EPS") with a
presentation of basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS excludes potential share
dilution and is computed by dividing earnings available to common shareholders
by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period.
Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution of securities that could share in
the earnings, but does not include shares issuable upon conversion of securities
that would have an antidilutive effect on earnings per share. All prior period
EPS data has been restated. The adoption of this new accounting standard did not
have a material effect on the Company's reported EPS amounts.
The diluted loss per share for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997,
and 1996 does not include shares issuable upon exercise or conversion of stock
options or warrants, as they would have an antidilutive effect on the loss per
share.
CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT AND SUPPLY RISK
The Company's products include a number of high-technology components
that are currently sourced from only a few suppliers and, in some cases, a
single supplier. The Company frequently requires large volumes of such
components. If the Company's suppliers are unable to fulfill the Company's needs
for such components, the Company may be unable to fill customer orders and its
business and financial condition, including working capital and results of
operations, may be materially and adversely affected.
Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to
concentrations of credit risk primarily consist of accounts receivable. The
Company's customer base includes automotive manufacturers and distributors and
installers of automotive aftermarket parts. The Company's ongoing credit
evaluation process and reasonably short collection terms, as well as the large
number of customers comprising the Company's customer base, help mitigate any
concentration of credit risk. The Company does not generally require collateral
for its trade accounts receivable. For its foreign customers, the Company
generally requires prepayments or irrevocable letters of credit.
RECENTLY ISSUED FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
The Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
("SFAS") No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income," as of January 1, 1998. Other
comprehensive loss consists of foreign currency translation adjustments.
Comprehensive loss is shown in the Statement of Shareholders' Equity (Deficit).
The Company adopted SFAS No. 131, "Disclosures about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information," in 1998. See Note 11.
2. FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared
on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the
satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. As shown in the
consolidated financial statements, during the years ended December 31, 1998,
1997, and 1996, the Company has incurred a net loss of ($5,807,000),
($17,078,000), and ($7,135,000), respectively, and has shareholders' deficit of
($19,408,000) at December 31, 1998. These factors, among others, may indicate
that the Company will be unable to continue as a going concern. The consolidated
financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the
recoverability of recorded asset amounts or payment of liabilities should the
Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
The Company's ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon
meeting its profitability and cash flow objectives, receiving waivers of
defaults and amendments to its senior credit agreement, and obtaining additional
financing. Management's plans for 1999 to address the conditions described above
include the following:
F-9
<PAGE> 33
- Ensure that business plans and objectives are met, which include
(a) increased sales through newly developed and additional direct
sales force, (b) introduction of new product line for the Code(TM) and
Chapman(TM) brands, (c) new OEM customer direct business, (d) more
cost effective mix of manufactured components and components purchased
complete from foreign sources, and (e) ongoing cost management.
- Seek additional financing to meet short-term working capital
requirements and amend senior credit agreement placing the Company in
compliance with all loan covenants. On March 29, 1999, the Company
obtained $1.5 million of additional financing and received from its
senior lender necessary waivers of defaults and amendments to its
senior credit agreement. (See Note 6 for further discussion.)
If management is unsuccessful in achieving the plans set forth above,
the Company may determine it necessary to undertake other actions as
appropriate.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
3. INVENTORIES
Inventories consist of the following: DECEMBER 31
--------------------
1998 1997
---- ----
(In thousands)
<S> <C> <C>
Raw materials.......................................................... $ 2,234 $ 3,425
Work in process........................................................ 310 680
Finished goods......................................................... 183 186
--------- -------
$ 2,727 $ 4,291
========= =======
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
4. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment consist of the following:
DECEMBER 31
-----------------
1998 1997
---- ----
(In thousands)
<S> <C> <C>
Machinery and equipment................................................ $ 5,455 $ 7,604
Computer equipment..................................................... 1,085 795
Leasehold improvements................................................. 220 1,180
Furniture and fixtures................................................. 181 628
--------- -------
6,941 10,207
Less accumulated depreciation................................. (5,033) (7,763)
---------- -------
$ 1,908 $ 2,444
========== =======
Depreciation expense was $873,000, $1,572,000, and $1,037,000 for the years ended December 31, 1998,
1997, and 1996, respectively.
</TABLE>
5. WARRANTS
In conjunction with the 1997 credit facility and supplemental and litigation
guarantees, the Company issued warrants as follows during 1998 and 1997:
GECC Warrant
The Company issued a warrant to the lender ("GECC") under the credit
facility to acquire up to 131,718 shares of the Company's common stock. The
warrant has an exercise price of approximately $1.88 per share and expires in
2004. As a requirement of the antidilution provisions in the warrant, the
issuance of the Litigation Warrants (discussed below) resulted in an adjustment
to the GECC warrant, now providing the holder to acquire 238,725 shares at an
exercise price of $1.04 per share (See Note 6 for adjustment to warrant exercise
price.)
Shortfall Warrants
The Company issued to the holders of its Series A-1 Preferred Stock
warrants to acquire 1,000,000 shares of the Company's common stock in exchange
for supplemental guarantees of up to $4,000,000 of the Company's indebtedness.
The warrants have an exercise price of approximately $1.88 per share and expire
after 7 years. (See Note 6 for adjustment to warrant exercise price.) The
warrants, and any common stock previously issued to the holders upon exercise of
the warrants, are redeemable at the option of the holders at any time after
three years and six months from the date of issuance. The purchase price
F-10
<PAGE> 34
is the market price of the common stock for which such Shortfall Warrants are
then exercisable, and in the case of the warrants, less the exercise price of
such warrants.
Litigation Warrants
In March 1998 the holders of the Company's Series A-1 Preferred Stock
guaranteed a letter of credit, and subsequent payment in June 1998 of a $10
million loan ("Term loan C"). The proceeds from Term loan C were used as
settlement for a judgment against the Company. In return for the guarantees, the
Company issued to the holders of its Series A-1 Preferred Stock, warrants to
purchase 7,026,790 shares of the Company's common stock. These warrants have an
average exercise price of $.47 per share and expire after 7 years.
Warrant Valuation
The Company estimated that the fair value of the Litigation Warrants,
GECC Warrant, and Shortfall Warrants total approximately $3,000,000, at the date
of issuance. This value has been included in the balance sheet at December 31,
1998, net of amortization. Amortization of $935,000 was charged to operations in
1998, related to the valuation of these warrants.
6. LONG-TERM DEBT
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Long-term debt consists of the following: DECEMBER 31
-----------
1998 1997
---- ----
(In thousands)
<S> <C> <C>
Revolving credit facility..................................................... $ 7,021 $5,193
Term loan A................................................................... 856 1,500
Term loan C................................................................... 10,000
Mortgage note................................................................. 296
Promissory note............................................................... 485
Capital lease obligations..................................................... 95 382
-------- ------
18,457 7,371
Less current portion................................................. (451) (797)
-------- ------
$ 18,006 $6,574
======== ======
</TABLE>
In October 1997, the Company entered into a three year credit agreement
("senior credit agreement") with its senior lender extending revolving credit,
letter of credit, and term loan facilities to the Company of up to $25.5 million
for the purpose of (a) refinancing senior indebtedness, (b) providing working
capital financing, and (c) either providing funds to satisfy, or providing
letters of credit to permit the Company to bond an appeal of, a judgment adverse
to the Company (see Note 10). The senior credit agreement now provides for a $12
million revolving note, $1.5 million term loan ("Term loan A"), and a $10
million term loan ("Term loan C"). The revolving credit facility bears interest
at prime rate plus 1.5% or LIBOR plus 3.25%. Term loan A is payable in twelve
(12) equal quarterly installments and bears interest at prime plus 1.75% or
LIBOR plus 3.5%. Term loan C is payable in quarterly installments of $250,000,
commencing October 1, 1998, with the remaining principal payable upon
termination, and bears interest at prime plus 2% or LIBOR plus 3.75%. The unused
portion of the revolving note is subject to a commitment fee of two-fifths of
one percent per annum. Letter of credit fees are 2% per annum, except the letter
of credit fee issued in conjunction with the appeal bond was 3%.
During 1998, the Company amended and restated its senior credit
agreement with its senior lender to allow the Company the right to utilize the
letter of credit facility for the above mentioned judgment, to draw on the
letter of credit and utilize Term Loan C, to waive certain financial covenant
violations and other compliance requirements (including those that existed at
December 31, 1997), to correct certain disclosures, to provide for the deferral
of quarterly installments under its term loans for one year, beginning October
1998, to modify certain of its provisions, including restricting the payment of
all cash dividends during a quarter in which a principal payment has been
F-11
<PAGE> 35
deferred, to provide for the adoption of a certain stock option plan, and to
request funding for the settlement of the judgment.
The senior credit agreement, as amended, is subject to maximum annual
capital expenditures and restrictions on payments of certain dividends, sale of
assets and increased indebtedness. In addition, it requires that mandatory
prepayments against outstanding indebtedness be made with proceeds from the sale
of equity or debt securities, proceeds from sale of assets, excess operating
cash flow and proceeds from litigation involving patents and intellectual
property. The Company made mandatory prepayments against Term loan A of $269,000
during 1998. Credit availability under the revolving credit note is subject to a
specified percentage of eligible accounts receivable and inventory. As of
December 31, 1998, the Company had $400,000 available for borrowing under the
credit note.
The credit facility is collateralized by substantially all the assets
of the Company and its subsidiaries and by a pledge of the Company's Series B
Preferred Stock. The Company's obligations have been guaranteed by its
subsidiaries. On March 5, 1998, the Company posted a bond with the Court in the
amount of $9.3 million to permit an appeal of the judgment against the Company.
The bond was secured by an irrevocable letter of credit provided by the
Company's senior lender and guaranteed by the holders of the Company's Series
A-1 Preferred Stock. On June 1, 1998, the Company entered into an agreement and
mutual release as it relates to the above judgment in exchange for payment of
$10 million by the Company. Payment was made on June 19, 1998, with the proceeds
from Term loan C. The holders of Series A-1 Preferred Stock have guaranteed
payment of Term loan C.
On March 29, 1999, the Company entered into (a) a credit agreement with
the holders of its Series A-1 Preferred Stock and the senior lender, (b) an
amendment and waiver to the senior credit agreement dated October 24, 1997, as
amended, and (c) agreements amending the warrants previously issued by the
Company to the holders of its Series A-1 Preferred Stock and the senior lender.
Pursuant to this credit agreement, the lenders have made available to
the Company an unsecured term loan facility for up to $1.5 million. The interest
rate is 15%. The Company may only borrow under the facility if it has less than
$100,000 of availability under the senior credit agreement. All borrowings must
be repaid by October 2000, and the Company is to make monthly repayments
starting June 1999, computed under a formula based upon availability under the
senior credit agreement. Obligations of the Company under the facility are
subordinated to the Company's obligations under the senior credit agreement.
Pursuant to the amendment and waiver, the senior lender has consented
to the additional indebtedness, amended the senior credit agreement to
accommodate the above credit agreement and to modify certain covenants, and
waived existing defaults (including those that existed at December 31, 1998).
As additional consideration to enter into this credit agreement by the
holders of its Series A-1 Preferred Stock and senior lender, the Company agreed
to a reduction in exercise price of certain of their previously issued warrants.
The warrant amendment reduced the exercise price from a $1.04 and $1.88 to $.52
per share, with further reductions starting October 31, 1999, if there remains
outstanding at such time any obligations of the Company under this credit
agreement.
As of December 31, 1997, the Company had outstanding a mortgage note
payable to the City of Georgetown, Texas, collateralized by leasehold
improvements. This note was canceled in August 1998 as part of a transaction
which included $200,000 of proceeds received by the Company for leasehold
improvements and the termination of the Company's lease of the facility in
Texas. The Company was released from all obligations under the mortgage note.
On October 1, 1998, the Company issued a promissory note for $485,000
as part of a litigation settlement. The note is due April 1, 2004, with
semi-annual payments commencing October 1, 2000. The note accrues interest at
8%, payable semi-annually, commencing October 1, 1999. The principal amount
outstanding is convertible into the Company's common stock at an initial
conversion price of $1.25 per share.
F-12
<PAGE> 36
The following table sets forth aggregate maturities of long-term debt
at December 31, 1998 (in thousands):
1999 $ 451
2000............................................ 17,588
2001............................................ 133
2002............................................ 133
2003............................................ 109
2004............................................ 43
------
$ 18,457
========
As of December 31, 1998, the weighted average annual rate of interest on the
Company's outstanding debt was 8.8%, and the recorded amounts of long-term debt
approximate fair value.
7. LEASE COMMITMENTS
Future minimum rental payments required for all noncancelable operating
leases, primarily manufacturing and administrative facilities are as follows for
the years ending December 31 (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<C> <C>
1999................................... $ 425
2000................................... 392
2001................................... 102
2002................................... 12
------
$ 931
======
</TABLE>
Rent expense under all operating leases was approximately $520,000,
$565,000, and $938,000 for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997, and 1996,
respectively.
8. REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK
On October 27, 1997, the Company sold for $6,999,850 a total of 55,000
Units (the "Units") to two related investment funds, each Unit containing one
share of Series A-1 Preferred Stock and one warrant ("Attached Warrants") to
purchase approximately 68 shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise
price of approximately $1.88 per share (a total of 3,731,431 shares). The
exercise price of the Attached Warrants must be paid by delivery of Series A
Preferred Stock with a stated value equal to the exercise price. Because the
exercise price of $1.88 per share was below the market value of the Company's
common stock at the date the Units were sold, the Units have a beneficial
conversion feature which has been accounted for in accordance with Emerging
Issues Task Force Topic D-60, Accounting for the Issuance of Convertible
Preferred Stock and Debt Securities with a Nondetachable Conversion Feature.
Accordingly, $4,179,000 of the proceeds, representing the intrinsic value of the
beneficial conversion feature, has been allocated to the Company's no par value
common stock, and has been recognized as a return to the preferred shareholders
in 1997. Each share of Series A-1 Preferred Stock accrues dividends at 10% per
year ($12.727 per share), payable on April 15 and October 15th. Dividends are
payable at the option of the Company either in cash or additional Units. The
Preferred Stock holders have the right to elect two members of the Board of
Directors of the Company, subject to certain limitations. Certain corporate
actions require the approval of the holders of Series A-1 Preferred Stock. In
certain situations, these holders will have enhanced voting rights. The Series
A-1 Preferred Stock holders have a liquidation preference of $127.27 per share,
plus accrued and unpaid dividends. The Preferred Stock and Attached Warrants are
redeemable at the option of the holder at any time after three years and six
months from the date of issuance at a price equal to an average market price per
share of common stock, multiplied by the number of shares of common stock into
which the Attached
F-13
<PAGE> 37
Warrants are then exercisable. In the event that the redemption of the Units
would constitute a violation of any provision of any agreement of the Company,
the Company will use its best efforts to register and issue an equivalent number
of shares of common stock of the Company to the holder. In addition, any common
stock previously issued upon the exercise of such warrants also is subject to
repurchase at the option of the holder at any time after three years and six
months from the date of issuance of the Units, at a price equal to the current
market price per share of common stock, subject to similar limitations. (See
Note 6 for adjustment to warrant exercise price.)
In connection with the GECC credit agreement the Company sold one share
Series B Preferred Stock for $10.00. GECC required the holder to pledge this
stock as security for the Company's obligations under the credit agreement. The
Series B Preferred Stock accrues dividends at the rate of $1.00 per year,
payable on December 31. If there is an event of default under the credit
agreement, or the obligations arising under the credit agreement are
accelerated, the Series B Preferred Stock has the right to elect a majority of
the Company's Board of Directors. Upon payment in full of all obligations
arising under the credit agreement, the Company can repurchase the Series B
Preferred Stock for $10.00 plus accrued and unpaid dividends.
9. STOCK COMPENSATION PLANS
1987 Stock Option Plan
The Company adopted a Stock Option Plan ("1987 Plan") for its key
employees and reserved 280,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the
1987 Plan. The 1987 Plan authorizes the Company to issue incentive stock options
and non-qualified stock options. No non-qualified stock options were issued. The
1987 Plan has expired.
Incentive stock options may be issued at a price not less than fair
market value as of the grant date. For any employee holding more than 10 percent
of the voting stock of the Company, the option price is 110% of the fair market
value at the grant date. Options are generally exercisable for a ten-year
period; however, options granted to any employee holding more than 10 percent of
the voting stock of the Company are exercisable over five years.
The following table summarizes the activity for the Company's 1987 Plan:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Shares
Subject to Exercise Price Per
Option Share
-------------- ----------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Balance, January 1, 1996.......................... 261,775 $4.25 to $20.25
Options granted................................... 195,475 $4.00 to $5.50
Options exercised................................. (500) $4.25
Options canceled, terminated or expired........... (252,375) $5.23 to $20.25
------------
Balance, December 31, 1996........................ 204,375 $4.00 to $5.75
Options granted................................... 30,000 $2.75
Options canceled, terminated or expired........... (48,050) $4.25 to $5.00
------------
Balance, December 31, 1997........................ 186,325 $2.75 to $5.75
Options canceled, terminated or expired........... (6,400) $5.00
------------
Balance, December 31, 1998........................ 179,925 $2.75 to $5.75
============
Options excercisable at December 31, 1998......... 61,686
============
</TABLE>
As of December 31, 1998, options granted under the 1987 Plan that
remain outstanding have a weighted average exercise price of $4.81 per share and
a weighted average remaining contractual life of approximately 7 years. Options
granted under the 1987 Plan that are exercisable as of December 31,1998, have a
weighted average excercise price of $4.85 per share.
F-14
<PAGE> 38
1997 STOCK OPTION PLAN
The 1997 Stock Option Plan adopted by the Company's Board provides for
the issuance of options to purchase 1,317,178 shares of common stock. The
options are non-qualified stock options, exercisable at $1.88 per share and
expire 10 years from the date of grant. The options begin vesting at the rate of
one-third per year beginning on the third anniversary of their grant. These
options are only exercisable if the fair market value of the common stock
reaches or exceeds increasing amounts over time starting with $3.875 in the
third year, after grant, and increasing to $11.50 after six years.
The following table summarizes the activity for the Company's 1997 Stock Option
Plan:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Shares Exercise
Subject Price Per
to Option Share
--------- -----
<S> <C> <C>
Options granted 1997.......................................... 1,317,178 $1.88
Balance, December 31, 1997.................................... 1,317,178 $1.88
Balance, December 31, 1998.................................... 1,317,178 $1.88
</TABLE>
As of December 31, 1998, 1,317,178 options granted under the 1997 Plan
are outstanding with a weighted average exercise price of $1.88 per share and a
weighted average remaining contractual life of approximately 9 years. None of
the options issued under the 1997 Plan are currently exercisable.
1998 Stock Option Plan
The Company adopted a Stock Option Plan ("1998 Plan") for its key
employees and directors and reserved 300,000 shares of common stock for issuance
under the 1998 Plan. The 1998 Plan authorizes the Company to issue incentive
stock options and non-qualified stock options.
Incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options may be issued
at a price not less than fair market value as of the grant date. For incentive
stock options, any employee holding more than 10 percent of the voting stock of
the Company, the option price may not be less than 110% of the fair market value
at the grant date. Options are exercisable for a ten-year period, however,
incentive stock options granted to any employee holding more than 10 percent of
the voting stock of the Company are exercisable over five years. No stock
options have been granted under this plan.
The Company has elected to follow Accounting Principles Board Opinion
No. 25 ("APB 25"), "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees" and related
interpretations in accounting for its employee stock awards. Accordingly, no
compensation cost has been recognized for its stock option grants. Had
compensation cost for the Company's stock-based compensation plans been
determined on the fair value at the grant dates for awards under these plans
consistent with the method of SFAS 123 "Accounting for Stock Based
Compensation," its effect on the net loss in 1998, 1997, and 1996 would be
immaterial.
The primary assumptions used in the fair value of the options granted
include the following:
Option Pricing Model
The Company uses an option pricing model to determine the fair value of
options granted.
Dividend Yield
F-15
<PAGE> 39
As the Company's stock currently does not include a dividend, dividend
payments were not included in the fair value calculation.
Risk Free Rate
The rate applicable to Zero Coupon Treasury Notes with a duration
similar to options granted was used to determine the risk free rate, which was
approximately 6% at each of the respective grant dates.
Expected Life
The expected life of the options issued during each year was
approximately 5 - 7 1/2 years, based on the provisions of the respective option
Plans.
Expected Volatility
The expected volatility was approximately 60%, based on changes in the
fair market value of the Company's common stock over a period similar to the
expected life of the options.
10. LITIGATION
In July 1997, the Company was found to infringe upon a patent involving
a shock sensing device, and in March 1998, the Court entered a final amended
judgment ("Detroit Litigation") for approximately $9.3 million plus costs. The
Company recorded a reserve at December 31, 1997 in the amount of $10 million to
provide for damages and other costs. On March 5, 1998, the Company posted a bond
with the Court to permit an appeal of the judgment against the Company. On June
1, 1998, the Company entered into a comprehensive worldwide settlement agreement
and mutual release with the prevailing party in the above judgment, whereby each
party released any and all pending claims, counterclaims, third-party claims,
appeals and cross-appeals against the other in exchange for payment of $10
million by the Company. Payment was made in June 1998, with proceeds from Term
loan C.
The Company was also involved in a patent infringement suit during
1993, and subsequently found to be in violation of the patent. In April 1997,
the Company paid $6.1 million in satisfaction of the judgment. In June 1997, the
Company's appeal of the judgment was denied.
In 1995, the Company was named as a defendant in an action filed in
August 1990 in the United States District Court for Puerto Rico to enforce a
patent infringement default judgment rendered against certain predecessors in
title to assets now owned by the Company which were purchased by the Company
from a bank in Illinois in January 1990. The amount of the judgment was $19.4
million, which with accumulated interest had reached approximately $30 million.
The Puerto Rico court dismissed the action and held that any action to collect
from the Company and its subsidiary as successors in interest to the judgment
debtor must be raised before the Illinois court. On March 20, 1997, the case was
refiled by the judgment creditors in Illinois. The bank is providing for up to
50% of the defense of the Company subject to reservation of rights against the
Company. While the Company believes that it has meritorious defenses to the
claims asserted in this lawsuit, the ultimate outcome of this lawsuit cannot be
determined at this time, and the Company is unable to estimate the range of
possible loss, if any.
In March 1999, the Company was named as a defendant in a motion to
reopen a case enforcing terms of a settlement agreement, granting partial
summary judgment. The motion alleged that the plaintiff is entitled to at least
$1.3 million, and asked for a partial judgment in that amount, attorney fees and
costs, and the production of certain documents. The Company intends to
vigorously defend the motion, but there can be no assurance that the Company
will prevail or of the amount of damages to which it may be subject if it does
not prevail.
F-16
<PAGE> 40
Various other legal actions and claims are pending or could be asserted
against the Company. Litigation is subject to many uncertainties; the outcome of
individual litigation matters is not predictable with assurance, and it is
reasonably possible that some of these matters may be decided unfavorably to the
Company. Based on information currently available and established reserves, it
is the opinion of management that the ultimate liability, if any, with respect
to these matters will not materially affect the financial position, and the
results of operations of the Company.
11. BUSINESS SEGMENTS, SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMERS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
In 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS 131,
"Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information," effective
for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1997. SFAS 131 established
standards for reporting information about operating segments in annual financial
statements. It also established standards for related disclosures about
products, services, major customers and geographic areas.
The Company operates as one business segment, within a group of similar
products. With the exception of sales to General Motors Corporation ("GM"), Ford
Motor Company ("Ford"), Subaru of America, Inc. ("Subaru"), and Mitsubishi Motor
Sales of America, Inc. ("Mitsubishi"), no single customer accounted for more
than 10 percent of revenue.
Sales by major customer:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Percent of Total Sales
----------------------
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
GM........................................................................ 12% 13% 13%
Ford .................................................................... 14% 13% 12%
Subaru.................................................................... 17% 14%
Mitsubishi................................................................ 12%
</TABLE>
Export sales included in domestic operations in 1998, 1997, and 1996 were
$4,608,000, $7,650,000, and $3,819,000, respectively, and were primarily made to
international distributors from a location in the United States. All of the
Company's operations are conducted in the United States, as foreign operations
were discontinued in 1997. Sales from European operations in 1997 and 1996 were
$2,487,000 and $12,429,000, respectively.
12. INCOME TAXES
The effective tax rates differed from the statutory income tax rate due
to the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Statutory rate................................. 34 % 34 % 34 %
Differences resulting from:
Valuation allowance....................... (25) (37)
Goodwill impairment, amortization
and other nondeductible expenses..... (6) (3) (14)
Effect of foreign tax rates............... 1
Effect of nondeductible foreign losses.... (2) (20)
Reversal of prior period timing
differences.......................... 7
------------------------------
Effective income tax rates..................... 3% (8) % 8%
==============================
</TABLE>
F-17
<PAGE> 41
Deferred tax assets and liabilities consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31
-----------
1998 1997
---- ----
(In thousands)
<S> <C> <C>
AMT credit carryforward................................ $ 245 $ 245
Net operating loss carryforward........................ 7,592 2,137
Expenses deductible earlier for
financial statement purposes
than for tax purposes............................. 582 1,233
Litigation loss not deductible for
tax purposes...................................... 3,400
Expense included in inventory for
tax purposes...................................... 181 181
------- -------
Total deferred tax assets.............................. 8,600 7,196
Net value of fixed assets.............................. 314 314
Capitalization of assets expensed
for tax purposes.................................. 35 58
------- -------
Total deferred tax liabilities......................... 349 372
------- -------
Net deferred tax....................................... 8,251 6,824
------- -------
Valuation allowance.................................... (8,251) (6,824)
======= =======
Deferred tax asset..................................... $ -0- $ -0-
======= =======
</TABLE>
The Company has a net operating loss carryforward of $22 million, the
majority of which expires in 2018. On October 27, 1997, an ownership change
occurred which limits the usage of the net operating losses incurred prior to
that date pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section 382. As such, $7.2 million
of the total net operating loss carryforward disclosed above is subject to an
annual limitation of approximately $325,000.
During 1997, the Company discontinued operations of its foreign
subsidiaries. In prior years the Company did not provide United States income
taxes on the undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries, as such earnings
were intended to be reinvested in those operations.
13. RESTRUCTURING
In 1997, the Company recorded a restructuring charge of $773,000
related to the consolidation of its Georgetown, Texas facility into its Madison
Heights, Michigan facility. Costs accrued related to termination benefits
provided to employees of the facility, write-off of certain property and
equipment and other costs. Termination benefits accrued and subsequently paid
totaled $250,000. Substantially all the costs associated with the restructuring
were satisfied as of December 31, 1997.
F-18
<PAGE> 42
14. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
First Second Third Fourth
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Year
------- ------- ------- ------- ----
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Year ended December 31, 1998:
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales............................................... $ 13,826 $10,581 $ 8,202 $ 9,051 $ 41,660
Gross profit............................................ 5,010 3,472 2,501 1,401 12,384
Net income (loss) applicable to common
stock, originally reported........................... 590 (1,479) (1,828)
Net income (loss) applicable to common stock (1)........ 475 (1,729) (2,113) (3,147) (6,514)
Basic income (loss) per share - originally reported..... .25 (.64) (.79)
Diluted income (loss) per share - originally reported... .17 (.64) (.79)
Basic income (loss) per share (1)....................... .20 (.74) (.91) (1.36) (2.81)
Diluted income (loss) per share (1)..................... .14 (.74) (.91) (1.36) (2.81)
Year ended December 31, 1997:
Net sales............................................... $15,775 $12,639 $12,590 $12,072 $ 53,076
Gross profit............................................ 6,032 4,819 4,322 2,430 17,603
Net income (loss) applicable to common stock............ 113 286 (5,216) (16,568) (21,385)
Basic and diluted income (loss) per share............... .05 .12 (2.25) (7.13) (9.21)
</TABLE>
(1) Adjusted to reflect the amortization of financing costs as it relates to
the fair value of the warrants issued in connection with the credit
facility and shortfall and litigation guarantees. See Note 5.
15. COMMON STOCK RESERVED
At December 31, 1998, the Company has reserved 14,481,177 shares of
common stock for the exercise of stock options (1,797,103) and conversion of
warrants (12,684,074).
F-19
<PAGE> 43
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT ON FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE
Code-Alarm, Inc.
We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Code-Alarm,
Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 1997 and for each of
the two years in period ended December 31, 1997 and have issued our report
thereon dated April 15, 1998; such financial statements and report are included
in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our audits included the Financial Statement
Schedule of Code-Alarm, Inc. and subsidiaries for each of the two years in
period ended December 31, 1997 listed in Item 14. This Financial Statement
Schedule is the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility
is to express an opinion on the Financial Statement Schedule based on our
audits. In our opinion, such Financial Statement Schedule, when considered in
relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole,
presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein for
each of the two years in period ended December 31, 1997.
Deloitte & Touche LLP
Detroit, Michigan
April 15, 1998
F-20
<PAGE> 44
CODE-ALARM, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE II -- VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS AND RESERVES
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998, 1997, AND 1996
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
COLUMN B COLUMN C COLUMN D COLUMN E
-------- -------- -------- --------
ADDITIONS
CHARGED TO
BALANCE AT CHARGED TO OTHER BALANCE AT
BEGINNING COST AND ACCOUNTS, DEDUCTIONS, END
OF PERIOD EXPENSES DESCRIBE DESCRIBE(1) OF PERIOD
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Allowance for doubtful accounts:
Year ended December 31, 1998 ..................... $1,073,000 $310,000 $897,000 $ 486,000
Year ended December 31, 1997 ..................... 950,000 861,000 738,000 1,073,000
Year ended December 31, 1996...................... 667,000 443,000 160,000 950,000
</TABLE>
Note: (1) Write-off uncollectible accounts, net of recoveries
F-21
<PAGE> 45
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
CODE-ALARM, INC.
(Registrant)
Date: May 18, 1999 /s/ Rand W. Mueller
--------------------------------- -----------------------
RAND W. MUELLER
President
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C>
/s/ Rand W. Mueller President, Chief May 18, 1999
- ------------------------------------ Executive Officer -------------
RAND W. MUELLER and Director
/s/ Craig S. Camalo Vice President of May 18, 1999
- ------------------------------------- Finance, Chief -------------
CRAIG S. CAMALO Financial Officer
/s/ Peter J. Stouffer Director May 18, 1999
- --------------------------------------- -------------
PETER J. STOUFFER
/s/ Richard Cion Director May 18, 1999
- --------------------------------------- -------------
RICHARD CION
/s/ Rodney S. Cohen Director May 18, 1999
- ----------------------------------- -------------
RODNEY S. COHEN
/s/ Alan H. Foster Director May 18, 1999
- -------------------------------------- -------------
ALAN H. FOSTER
/s/ Marshall J. Mueller Director May 18, 1999
- ------------------------------------- -------------
MARSHALL J. MUELLER
/s/ Kenneth M Mueller Director May 18, 1999
- ----------------------------------- -------------
KENNETH M. MUELLER
/s/ William S. Pickett Director May 18, 1999
- --------------------------------------- -------------
WILLIAM S. PICKETT
/s/ Jack D. Rutherford Director May 18, 1999
- ------------------------------------- -------------
JACK D. RUTHERFORD
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 46
EXHIBIT INDEX
3.1 Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company, incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on
Form S-18, as amended, registration No. 33-16991C ("Form S-18").
3.1.1 Certificate of Designation, Numbers, Powers, Preferences and Relative
Participating, Optional and Other Rights of Series A Preferred Stock of
Code-Alarm, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1.1 to the
Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
3.1.2 Certificate of Designation, Numbers, Powers, Preferences and Relative
Participating, Optional, and Other Rights of Series B Preferred Stock
of Code-Alarm, Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1.2 to the
Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
3.2.1 Bylaws of the Company, as amended, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
3.2.1 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
9 Shareholder Agreement, as amended, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 9 to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
1989.
9.1 Termination of Shareholder Agreement dated February 15, 1997
incorporated by reference to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1996.
10.1 Credit Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 (the "Credit Agreement")
among Company, General Electric Capital Corporation ("GECC"), in its
capacity as a "Lender", and the other financial institutions which may
from time to time become parties to the Credit Agreement (GECC, in such
capacity, and such other financial institutions being sometimes
hereinafter referred to collectively as the "Lenders" and individually
as a "Lender"), and GECC, in its separate capacity as agent for the
Lenders (the "Agent") with Exhibits and Annexes attached, incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October
24, 1997.
10.1.1 Amendment, Waiver and Consent to Credit Agreement dated as of March 4,
1998 among Company, General Electric Capital Corporation ("GECC"), in
its capacity as a "Lender", and the other financial institutions which
may from time to time become parties to the Credit Agreement (GECC, in
such capacity, and such other financial institutions being sometimes
hereinafter referred to collectively as the "Lenders" and individually
as a "Lender"), and GECC, in its separate capacity as agent for the
Lenders, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.73 to the Company's
Form 8-K dated March 4, 1998.
10.1.2 Conformed Copy Incorporating Amendment and Waiver dated as of March 4,
1998, of the Credit Agreement, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.74 to the Company's Form 8-K dated March 4, 1998.
10.1.3 Amendment No. 2 and Waiver No. 2 to Credit Agreement dated as of April
8, 1998 by and among Company, General Electric Capital Corporation
("GECC"), in its capacity as a "Lender", and the other financial
institutions which may from time to time become parties to the Credit
Agreement (GECC, in such capacity, and such other financial
institutions being sometimes hereinafter referred to collectively as
the "Lenders" and individually as a "Lender"), and GECC, in its
separate capacity as agent for the Lenders, incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.1.3 to the Company's Form 10-K dated April 15, 1998.
10.1.4 Amendment No. 3 and Waiver No. 3 to Credit Agreement and Other Loan
Documents dated April 20, 1998, by and among Company, General Electric
Capital Corporation ("GECC"), in its capacity as a
<PAGE> 47
"Lender", and the other financial institutions which may from time to
time become parties to the Credit Agreement (GECC, in such capacity,
and such other financial institutions being sometimes hereinafter
referred to collectively as the "Lenders" and individually as a
"Lender"), and GECC, in its separate capacity as agent for the Lenders,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1.4 to the Company's Form 10-Q
for the quarter ended June 30, 1998.
10.1.5 Waiver No. 4 to Credit Agreement and Other Loan Documents dated June
12, 1998, by and among Company, General Electric Capital Corporation
("GECC"), in its capacity as a "Lender", and the other financial
institutions which may from time to time become parties to the Credit
Agreement (GECC, in such capacity, and such other financial
institutions being sometimes hereinafter referred to collectively as
the "Lenders" and individually as a "Lender"), and GECC, in its
separate capacity as agent for the Lenders, incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.1.5 to the Company's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June
30, 1998.
10.1.6 Waiver No. 5 to Credit Agreement and dated July 1, 1998, by and among
Company, General Electric Capital Corporation ("GECC"), in its capacity
as a "Lender", and the other financial institutions which may from time
to time become parties to the Credit Agreement (GECC, in such capacity,
and such other financial institutions being sometimes hereinafter
referred to collectively as the "Lenders" and individually as a
"Lender"), and GECC, in its separate capacity as agent for the Lenders,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1.6 to the Company's Form 10-Q
for the quarter ended June 30, 1998.
10.1.7 Waiver No. 6 to Credit Agreement dated as of August 14, 1998, by and
among the Company, the other Credit Parties from time to time party to
the Credit Agreement, the financial institutions from time to time
party to the Credit Agreement (the "Lenders"), and General Electric
Capital Corporation ("GECC") in its individual capacity and as agent
for the Lenders, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1.7 to the
Company's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1998.
10.1.8 Amendment No. 4, Waiver No. 7, and Consent No. 2 to Credit Agreement
and Other Loan Documents dated as of October 1, 1998, by and among the
Company, the other Credit Parties from time to time party to the Credit
Agreement, the financial institutions from time to time party to the
Credit Agreement (the "Lenders"), the financial institutions from time
to time party to the Litigation L/C Agreement (the "Term Lenders"), and
General Electric Capital Corporation ("GECC") in its individual
capacity as a "Lender," a "Term Lender," and as agent for the Lenders
and the Term Lenders, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1.8 to
the Company's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1998.
10.2 Security Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by the Company
in favor of the Agent and the Lenders (Credit Agreement), incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.41 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October
24, 1997.
10.3 Security Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by Tessco
Group, Inc. ("Tessco"), in favor of the Agent and the Lenders (Credit
Agreement), incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 to the Company's
Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.4 Guaranty dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by Tessco in favor of
Agent and the Lenders (Credit Agreement), incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.43 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.5 Pledge Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by Company in
favor of the Agent and the Lenders (Credit Agreement), incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.44 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24,
1997.
<PAGE> 48
10.6 Pledge Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by Craig S.
Camalo in favor of the Agent and the Lenders (Credit Agreement),
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.45 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
10.7 Patent Security Agreement dated October 24, 1997 executed by Company in
favor of the Agent and the Lenders (Credit Agreement), incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.46 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24,
1997.
10.8 Contribution Indemnification and Subordination Agreement dated October
24, 1997 among the Credit Parties (Credit Agreement), incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.47 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24,
1997.
10.9 Litigation L/C and Term Loan C Agreement (the "Litigation Agreement")
dated as of October 24, 1997 among the Company, Agent and other
financial institutions which may from time to time become parties to
the Litigation Agreement as Term Lenders, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.48 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.10 Security Agreement dated October 2, 1997 executed by the Company in
favor of the Agent and the Term Lenders (Litigation Agreement),
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.49 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
10.11 Security Agreement dated October 24, 1997 executed by Tessco in favor
of the Agent and the Term Lenders (Litigation Agreement), incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.50 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October
24, 1997.
10.12 Guaranty dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by Tessco in favor of
the Agent and the Term Lenders (Litigation Agreement), incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.51 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24,
1997.
10.13 Pledge Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by the Company
in favor of the Agent and the Term Lenders (Litigation Agreement),
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.52 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
10.14 Pledge Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by Craig S.
Camalo in favor of the Agent and the Terms Lenders (Litigation
Agreement), incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.53 to the Company's
Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.15 Patent Security Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by the
Company in favor of the Agent and the Term Lenders (Litigation
Agreement), incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.54 to the Company's
Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.16 Warrant Purchase Agreement dated as of October 24, 1997 executed by
GECC and the Company, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.55 to the
Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.17 Warrant to Purchase Common Stock of Company issued to GECC and executed
by the Company, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.56 to the
Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.18 Unit Purchase Agreement dated as of October 27, 1997 among the Company,
Pegasus Partners, L.P. ("PP"), Pegasus Related Partners, L.P. ("PRP"),
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.57 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
10.19 Letter granting PP and PRP the right to purchase accelerated
obligations executed by GECC and acknowledged by the Company,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.58 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
<PAGE> 49
10.20 Registration Rights Agreement dated as of October 27, 1997 among the
Company, PP, PRP and GECC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.59
to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.21 Form of Attached Warrant to purchase Common Stock of the Company,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.60 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
10.22 Form of Shortfall Warrant to purchase Common Stock of the Company,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.61 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
10.23 Form of Litigation Warrant to purchase Common Stock of the Company,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.62 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
10.24 Limited Supplemental Guaranty dated as of October 24, 1997 by and among
PP, PRP and GECC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.64 to the
Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.25 Limited Litigation Guaranty dated as of October 24, 1997 by and among
PP, PRP and GECC, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.65 to the
Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.26 Company's 1997 Stock Option Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.66 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.27 Letter Agreement dated as of October 27, 1997 among Robyn L. Mueller
Trust, the Kenneth M. Mueller Charitable Remainder Unitrust, Mr. Rand
Mueller, PP, PRP and the Company, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.67 to the Company's Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.28 Employment Agreement with Rand W. Mueller, as amended, incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Registration Statement on
Form S-1, as amended, registration No. 33-31356 ("Form S-1"), and as
further amended by Amendment No. 2 to Employment Agreement incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Form 10-Q for the quarter
ended September 30, 1992 ("September 1992 10-Q"); and as further
amended by Amendment No. 4 to Employment Agreement dated May 20, 1997
and Amendment No. 5 to Employment Agreement dated May 29, 1997, each
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.68 to the Company's Form 8-K
dated October 24, 1997.
10.29 Employment Agreement dated May 20, 1997 between the Company and Craig
S. Camalo, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.69 to the Company's
Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.30 Employment Agreement dated May 20, 1997 between the Company and Peter
Stouffer, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.70 to the Company's
Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.31 Employment Agreement dated May 20, 1997 between the Company and Michael
Schroeder, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.71 to the Company's
Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.32 Letter Agreement dated October 1, 1997 between then Company and Kenneth
M. Mueller, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.72 to the Company's
Form 8-K dated October 24, 1997.
10.33 1987 Stock Option Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to
Form S-18, and amendment thereto, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.3 to 1990 Form 10-K.
10.34 Indemnification Agreement with Rand W. Mueller, incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Form S-18.
The Company has entered into the same form of agreement with the
following directors and executive officers as of the dates indicated:
<PAGE> 50
Description
Marshall J. Mueller May 29, 1987
Kenneth M. Mueller May 29, 1987
William S. Pickett May 29, 1987
Alan H. Foster May 17, 1988
Peter J. Stouffer March 22, 1991
Jack D. Rutherford May 21, 1991
Michael P. Schroeder March 24, 1995
Craig S. Camalo April 15, 1996
10.35 Mortgage Agreement with Rand W. Mueller, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.8 to 1992 Form 10-K.
10.36 Lease of real property at 950 E. Whitcomb, Madison Heights, Michigan,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to 1992 Form 10-K.
10.38 General Motors Corporation contract, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.19 to Form S-1.
10.39 Ford Motor Corporation contract, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.20 to Form S-1.
10.40 Chrysler Corporation contract, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.21 to Form S-1.
10.41 Purchase Agreement with Mitsubishi Motor Sales of America, Inc.,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to 1992 Form 10-K.
16.1 Changes in Registrant's Certifying Accountant, incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 16.1 to the Company's Form 8-K dated November 2,
1998.
16.2 Changes in Registrant's Certifying Accountant, incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 16.2 to the Company's Form 8-K dated December 30,
1998.
21 List of Subsidiaries.
27 Financial Data Schedule.
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 21
SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
JURISDICTION OWNED
NAME OF INCORPORATION BY
- ---- ---------------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
Anes, Inc. Michigan Registrant
Chapman Security Systems, Inc. Michigan Registrant
Intercept System, Inc. Michigan Registrant
Tessco Group, Inc. Michigan Registrant
</TABLE>
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<ARTICLE> 5
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> YEAR
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1998
<PERIOD-END> DEC-31-1998
<CASH> 62
<SECURITIES> 0
<RECEIVABLES> 4279
<ALLOWANCES> 465
<INVENTORY> 2727
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 7056
<PP&E> 6941
<DEPRECIATION> 5033
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 12351
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 6402
<BONDS> 18006
0
7351
<COMMON> 12213
<OTHER-SE> (31621)
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 12351
<SALES> 41660
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 41660
<CGS> 29276
<TOTAL-COSTS> 42809
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 4863
<LOSS-PROVISION> 0
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 1622
<INCOME-PRETAX> (6012)
<INCOME-TAX> (205)
<INCOME-CONTINUING> (5807)
<DISCONTINUED> 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> (6514)
<EPS-PRIMARY> (2.81)
<EPS-DILUTED> (2.81)
</TABLE>
