BIO IMAGING TECHNOLOGIES INC
DEFA14A, 1998-02-23
MEDICAL LABORATORIES
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                                  SCHEDULE 14A
                                 (Rule 14a-101)

                     INFORMATION REQUIRED IN PROXY STATEMENT

                            SCHEDULE 14A INFORMATION

           Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the Securities
                      Exchange Act of 1934 (Amendment No. )

   Filed by the Registrant   |X|
   Filed by a Party other than the Registrant   | |

   Check the appropriate box:
   | |   Preliminary Proxy Statement

                              | |   Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only
                                    (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))

   | |   Definitive Proxy Statement
   |X|   Definitive Additional Materials
   | |   Soliciting Material Pursuant to Rule 14a-11(c) or Rule 14a-12

                         Bio-Imaging Technologies, Inc.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                (Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    (Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if Other Than the Registrant)

Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):
   |X|   No fee required.
   | |   Fee  computed on table  below per  Exchange  Act Rules  14a-6(i)(1) and
         and 0-11.

   (1)   Title of each class of securities to which transaction applies:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   (2)   Aggregate number of securities to which transaction applies:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   (3)   Per unit  price  or  other  underlying  value of  transaction  computed
pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11 (set forth the amount on which the filing fee
is calculated and state how it was determined):
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   (4)   Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   (5)   Total fee paid:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   | |   Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   | |   Check box if any  part of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act
Rule  0-11(a)(2)  and identify the filing for which the  offsetting fee was paid
previously.  Identify the previous filing by registration  statement  number, or
the form or schedule and  the date of its filing.

   (1)      Amount Previously Paid:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   (2)      Form, Schedule or Registration Statement no.:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   (3)      Filing Party:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   (4)      Date Filed:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

<PAGE>


                         BIO-IMAGING TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
                              830 Bear Tavern Road
                         West Trenton, New Jersey 06828

                         REJECT THE DISSIDENT COMMITTEE

                                                               February 23, 1998
Dear Stockholder:

     A committee of dissident stockholders has commenced what the Board believes
is an  unnecessary  and  expensive  proxy  contest  in an  effort  to elect  the
Dissident  Committee's slate of nominees to your Company's Board of Directors at
the Annual  Meeting of  Stockholders  scheduled for February 27, 1998. The Board
believes that the Dissident Committee offers no substantive plans or suggestions
to improve your Company's operations and are interested only in furthering their
own  individual  agendas.  The Dissident  Committee  includes,  among others,  a
stockholder,  Frank J. Abella,  Jr., who has a  confrontational  and  disruptive
history with the Company, and the Company's former Chief Scientific Officer, Dr.
James J. Conklin,  who resigned along with Donald W. Lohin, its former President
and Chief  Executive  Officer,  as a  director  and  officer  of the  Company on
December 19, 1997, rather than be terminated by the Company.

     We believe that your  interests are not aligned with those of the Dissident
Committee  and  that  giving  control  of the  Company  to this  group  would be
disastrous.  The  Company's  management  and employees  unanimously  support the
Board's  slate of  nominees  and do not want to  return to the lack of focus and
direction by former management supported by the Dissident Committee. In your own
best interests,  you are strongly urged to reject this dissident bid for control
of Bio-Imaging Technologies.

     THE DISSIDENT COMMITTEE'S PROXY MATERIALS FAIL TO PROVIDE YOU WITH THE
                              FOLLOWING INFORMATION

1.  INDEPENDENT   MANAGEMENT  CONSULTANT  RECOMMENDED  MANAGEMENT  CHANGES.  The
Dissident   Committee's   solicitation   materials  fail  to  disclose  that  an
organizational  study,  conducted by an independent  consulting firm in November
1997,  recommended to the Board that Dr.  Conklin be terminated.  The consulting
firm  conducted  organizational  surveys  with all  employees  and  confidential
employee  interviews  with most  employees  of the  Company.  To quote  from the
Recommendations of the Consulting Firm in the Organizational Study:

      "It's very,  very difficult to build a compelling  defense for the
      retention of Dr.  Conklin.  Don [Lohin] is quite possibly the only
      member of the Company that feels Dr.  Conklin adds value and needs
      to be retained."

2. WE BELIEVE FORMER  MANAGEMENT IS PRIMARILY  RESPONSIBLE FOR THE RECENT DISMAL
FINANCIAL RESULTS. The Dissident Committee  intentionally omitted from its proxy
materials  that the  Company's  poor  prospects  for fiscal 1998,  including the
dismal results for the first fiscal  quarter ended  December 31, 1997,  occurred
under the management of Dr. Conklin and Mr. Lohin.  Many employees and the Board
believe that the  strategies  implemented  by former  management  were primarily
responsible  for such  results.  We believe that the  unfocused  diversification
strategy which was trumpeted in the Dissident  Committee's materials has already
failed. The funding of two new business divisions during fiscal 1997 resulted in
a reduction of resources  available for the Company's core  business.  These new
divisions,  which were a high priority of former management,  failed to generate
any revenue despite significant expenditures.  As a result of such failures, the
Company was forced to take a charge to earnings of $150,000 in the first quarter
of  fiscal  1998.  The  current  management  team must now work to  rebuild  the
Company's  core  business  pipeline.   In  addition,   the  Dissident  Committee
conveniently  fails to inform you that in January 1994, Dr. Conklin was replaced
as Chief  Executive  Officer by the Company's  Board of Directors,  prior to the
Covance investment.

3. DR.  CONKLIN HAS LONG  DIVERTED HIS FOCUS FROM THE COMPANY'S  CORE  BUSINESS.
Despite the  Dissident  Committee's  plea for sympathy for Dr.  Conklin,  he has
sought to leave the Company for well over a year. In 


<PAGE>


particular,  since at least  January 30,  1997,  the date of last year's  annual
meeting,  Dr.  Conklin  sought to establish a company that your Board felt would
compete  against your Company.  In fact, the Board was extremely  disturbed when
Dr.  Conklin  proposed  such venture and asked the Company,  despite its limited
resources,  to fund his new side business. As part of his proposal,  Dr. Conklin
even  sought to use the  Company's  equipment  in his new  venture and sought to
continue to be paid by the Company. The Board rejected this proposal.  The Board
strongly  believed that if the business which Dr. Conklin  advocated for his new
company  was  a  bona  fide   opportunity,   the   stockholders  of  Bio-Imaging
Technologies should receive the full benefit.

4. CERTAIN MEMBERS OF THE DISSIDENT  COMMITTEE HAVE A HISTORY OF SELF-INTERESTED
ACTIONS.  This is not the first  time that Mr.  Abella  has  attempted  to exert
pressure on the Company.  Mr.  Abella's  firm  threatened to sue your Company in
June 1996  after his firm had  failed to raise the agreed  upon  minimum  equity
dollars  for the  Company.  As a result  of the  threat  of  litigation  and the
accompanying distractions, the Company settled and issued additional warrants to
Mr.  Abella's  firm.  In addition,  during 1997,  without the  authorization  or
knowledge  of the  Board,  Mr.  Lohin  and  Dr.  Conklin  prepared  an  offering
memorandum which included  confidential  non-public  information which the Board
believes they disclosed to Mr. Abella.  The proposed deal included a substantial
warrant and debt burden for the Company.

5. THE DISSIDENT COMMITTEE DISTORTS THE ROLE OF COVANCE. The Board believes that
Covance, as the Company's largest single stockholder,  has the most to gain from
the Company reaching its full potential.  As a result, we believe your interests
as  stockholders  are aligned  with those of Covance.  We believe the  Dissident
Committee  has  misstated to you that Covance  exerts undue  influence  over the
Board of Directors. At no time, other than the brief period between December 19,
1997 and January 16, 1998, have Covance designees  represented a majority of the
Board.  Despite  having  contractual  rights to three Board  seats,  two Covance
designees  resigned  on January  16,  1998 in order to  preserve  a majority  of
non-Covance Board members. As stated in the Board's proxy statement, the current
Board consists of two independent directors and a Covance designee.  The Covance
Common  Stock   investment  in  1994  preserved   liquidity  for  the  Company's
stockholders  and provided the Company with the  additional  capital to maintain
its  operations.  Furthermore,  the  Co-Marketing  Agreement  with  Covance  was
terminated by the Company in order to benefit the Company and was not terminated
by Covance as implied by the Dissident  Committee.  The Dissident Committee also
failed to inform you that the Company's largest client, which represented 44% of
the Company's  project revenue in the quarter ended December 31, 1997 and 34% of
project revenue in fiscal 1997, was referred to the Company by Covance. Although
former  management had contact with such client,  the Company was able to engage
and  continues to serve such client  primarily by  demonstrating  the  technical
expertise of its employees.

6. THE DISSIDENT COMMITTEE UNFAIRLY  CHARACTERIZED ITS DISCUSSIONS WITH COVANCE.
The Board has always been willing to consider any  candidate  who could add real
value to the  Company.  In fact,  the Board had agreed to  interview a potential
candidate  suggested by Mr.  Abella.  Such interview was scheduled to be held on
February  24,  1998,  prior to the Annual  Meeting.  However,  there was not any
agreement by the Board to nominate Mr. Abella's nominees.  The Board,  acting in
good faith and within the time limits imposed on the Company by Delaware law and
the  Company's  bylaws,  determined  that it was in the  best  interests  of the
Company and its  stockholders to proceed with the scheduled  meeting on February
27,  1998.  Mr.  Abella  then asked the Company to  postpone  the  stockholders'
meeting after the Company had prepared,  printed and filed its proxy  materials.
Mr. Abella's  response has resulted in this unpleasant  contest.  Interestingly,
Mr. Abella's investment firm had the opportunity to have Board representation at
the time it negotiated  its Preferred  Stock  investment in December  1995.  Mr.
Abella declined such opportunity.

7. MR.  ABELLA'S  FIRM VOTED TO REMOVE MR.  LOHIN AS A DIRECTOR.  The  Dissident
Committee's  criticism of the Board for the discharge of former management,  Dr.
Conklin  and  Mr.  Lohin,  contradicts  some  of the  actions  of  Mr.  Abella's
investment  firm. At the Company's  January 1997 annual meeting of stockholders,
Mr. Abella's  investment firm voted all of its shares of preferred stock against
the  election  of Mr.  Lohin  to the  Board.  The  Dissident  Committee's  proxy
materials  do not disclose  this past act and fail to reconcile  such prior vote
with their claim that Mr. Lohin "made  substantial  contributions  to the growth
and success of the Company over the past two years."


                                     - 2 -
<PAGE>

                 PROPOSAL TO REQUIRE A MINIMUM OF SIX DIRECTORS

     The Board  believes  that the Dissident  Committee's  proposal to amend the
By-laws of the Company to require a minimum of six directors on the Board is NOT
in your best interests. The Board will consider increasing the size of the Board
when qualified  candidates are interviewed and approved by the Board.  The Board
believes that the Dissident  Committee's proposal is designed to take control of
your  company.  The Board of Directors  recommends  that the  stockholders  vote
AGAINST this proposal to amend the By-laws.  Unless you direct  otherwise on the
     enclosed proxy card, the Board of Directors' proxies intend to exercise the
discretion  granted on any proxy you previously  granted to them to vote AGAINST
this proposal to amend the By-laws.


                  YOUR CURRENT BOARD HAS A STRATEGY FOR GROWTH

     The  Board's  primary  strategy  is for the  Company  to  focus on its core
business by leveraging its technical  capabilities  and by continuing to develop
strategic  alliances.  Now is not  the  time  to  return  to the  misguided  and
disgruntled  leadership of Dr.  Conklin and those who support him. We ask you to
judge us by our record and performance over time. We believe that revenue growth
is  achievable by focusing on our core business  without the  distractions  your
Company  has  had  throughout   its  history.   The  Board  believes  that  such
distractions  are  primarily  attributable  to certain  members of the Dissident
Committee. We are committed to add real and sustainable value to investors.  The
Company is more  focused  than ever and  employee  morale has never been better.
Please see the  correspondence  received by the Board from all of the  Company's
employees set forth on Appendix A. We thank our  stockholders  for their support
of the Company, the Board and the employees.

     PLEASE  DISREGARD  THE  BLUE  PROXY  CARD  SENT  TO YOU  BY  THE  DISSIDENT
COMMITTEE.

     PLEASE SIGN,  DATE AND MAIL THE ENCLOSED  WHITE PROXY CARD TODAY TO SUPPORT
YOUR COMPANY'S BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND EMPLOYEES.

     On behalf of the Board of Directors

      /s/ Mark L. Weinstein                     /s/ Robert J. Phillips
      ---------------------                     ----------------------
      President and                             Assistant Secretary
      Chief Executive Officer


     IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS, PLEASE CONTACT THE COMPANY'S PROXY SOLICITOR
                MORROW & CO., INC. (212) 754-8000/ 1-800-662-5200


                                     - 3 -
<PAGE>


                             SOLICITATION; EXPENSES

     In addition to the use of the mails,  proxies may be  solicited by personal
interview,  telephone and telegram by directors, officers and other employees of
the  Company  who will not be  specially  compensated  for these  services.  The
Company has engaged  Morrow & Co.,  Inc. to serve as a proxy  solicitor  for the
Company. The entire expense of preparing,  assembling, printing and mailing this
proxy solicitation and related materials and the cost of soliciting proxies will
be borne by the Company. Although no precise estimate can be made at the present
time, the Company currently  estimates that the total  expenditures  relating to
the proxy solicitation  incurred by the Company will be approximately  $120,000,
of which $85,000 has been incurred to date.

     The Company will also request that brokers, nominees,  custodians and other
fiduciaries forward soliciting materials to the beneficial owners of shares held
of record by such  brokers,  nominees,  custodians  and other  fiduciaries.  The
Company will reimburse such persons for their reasonable  expenses in connection
therewith.

                            SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION

     Under applicable regulations of the Commission, the Company and each of the
directors  of the Company is a  participant  in the  solicitation.  The business
addresses of each of Dr. Jeffrey H. Berg,  Ph.D.,  Jeffrey S. Hurwitz,  Esq. and
James A. Taylor,  Ph.D. (the  "Participants")  is c/o Bio-Imaging  Technologies,
Inc., 830 Bear Tavern Road, West Trenton,  NJ 08628. Please refer to pages 2 and
3 of the  Board  of  Directors'  proxy  statement  dated  January  30,  1998 for
information  relating to each  Participant's  present  principal  occupation  or
employment.  Reference is made to pages 8 and 9 of the Board of Directors' proxy
statement dated January 30, 1998 for information  relating to the amount of each
class of the Company's  securities  which each  Participant  owns  beneficially,
directly  or  indirectly.  None of the  directors  have  purchased  or sold  any
securities of the Company  during the past two years.  Reference is made to page
10 of the  Board of  Directors'  proxy  statement  dated  January  30,  1998 for
securities  sold by the Company.  Other than as set forth below,  no Participant
is,  or was  within  the past  year,  a party to any  contract,  arrangement  or
understanding with any person with respect to securities of the Company.

     In October 1994, the Company, Covance and Dr. Conklin entered into a Voting
Agreement. Dr. Conklin agreed to vote his shares of Common Stock in favor of the
Covance designees and Covance agreed to vote its shares of Common Stock in favor
of Dr.  Conklin  in a  stockholder  election  of  the  Board.  Such  obligations
terminated  on  December  31,  1997.  Please  refer  to page 3 of the  Board  of
Directors' proxy statement for information  relating to the Company's continuing
obligations to nominate Covance designees.

     Reference  is  made to  pages  8 and 9 of the  Board  of  Directors'  proxy
statement dated January 30, 1998 for  information  relating to the amount of the
Company's securities which each associate of each Participant owns beneficially,
directly or indirectly.  Reference is made to page 10 of the Board of Directors'
proxy  statement  dated January 30, 1998 for certain  relationships  and related
transactions  of each of the  Participants.  None  of the  Participants,  or any
associate of such  Participants,  has an arrangement or  understanding  with any
person  (A) with  respect to any future  employment  by the  Company or (B) with
respect to any future transaction to which the Company will or may be a party.

     The current  Board of Directors  and nominees for election to the Board are
as  follows:  Jeffrey H. Berg,  Ph.D.,  Jeffrey S.  Hurwitz,  Esq.  and James A.
Taylor,  Ph.D.  Reference  is made to pages 2 and 3 of the  Board of  Directors'
proxy  statement  dated  January  30,  1998  for  information  relating  to such
nominees.  The Dissident  Committee's  nominees for election to the Board are as
follows:  Dr. James J.  Conklin,  Frank J. Abella,  Jr., J. A. Cole,  Jr.,  Marc
Berger,  Dr.  David  Nowicki and Richard  Dumler.  Reference  is made to pages 5
through 8 of the Dissident  Committee's  proxy statement dated February 20, 1998
for information relating to such nominees.


                                     - 4 -
<PAGE>
                                                                      Appendix A

                         Bio-Imaging Technologies, Inc.
                              830 Bear Tavern Road
                         West Trenton, New Jersey 08628

                                                      February 19, 1998

To the Board of Directors:

We, the  undersigned  employees  of  Bio-Imaging  Technologies,  want all of the
shareholders  of the Company to  understand  how strongly we support the current
management team and Board of Directors. ALL CURRENT EMPLOYEES OF THE COMPANY ARE
INCLUDED IN THIS LIST.

The  management  changes made by the Board of Directors  last December were done
for a number of reasons including feedback they had received from an independent
organizational study. WE UNANIMOUSLY AGREE WITH THE DECISIONS THAT WERE MADE AND
FEEL  THAT WE ARE  FINALLY  ON TRACK  TO  ACCOMPLISH  OUR  OBJECTIVE  OF  MAKING
BIO-IMAGING SUCCESSFUL.  Since that time, we have seen focus, renewed spirit and
are on track to see growth in our core business. We are extremely confident that
the current  management,  including  the  current  Board of  Directors,  is very
capable of  providing  the Company  with the focus,  leadership  and  management
required to succeed.

If the dissident  shareholder  committee is  successful  in their  solicitation,
including the potential  return of James J. Conklin to the Company,  WE WOULD BE
FORCED TO REEVALUATE OUR FUTURES WITH THE COMPANY  BECAUSE OUR CONFIDENCE  LEVEL
WOULD AGAIN BE REDUCED TO ALL-TIME LOWS.

We greatly appreciate your efforts on the Company's behalf.

/s/ Brian Abell              Brian Abell - Imaging Application Specialist
- -------------------------
/s/ Jeffrey Azzalina         Jeffrey Azzalina - Senior Project Manager
- -------------------------
/s/ Anna Baratelle           Anna Baratelle - Project Manager
- -------------------------
/s/ Kimberly Bialiy          Kimberly Bialiy - Study Coordinator
- -------------------------
/s/ Brian Bzdak              Brian Bzdak - Applications Technical Support
- -------------------------
/s/ Debra Carotenuto         Debra Carotenuto - Asst. Mgr. Admin Svces
- -------------------------
/s/ Andrea Cichetti          Andrea Cichetti - Manager Business Dvlpmnt.
- -------------------------
/s/ James Deng               James Deng - Medical Image Analyst
- -------------------------
/s/ Deborah Dereberry        Deborah Dereberry - CT Imaging Appl. Conslt.
- -------------------------
/s/ Steven Einstein          Steven Einstein - Director Technical Client Svcs.
- -------------------------
/s/ Mark Endres              Mark Endres - Assoc. Director Core Lab Svces
- -------------------------
/s/ Patricia Fogel           Patricia Fogel - Nuclear Medicine Imaging Appl.
- -------------------------
/s/ Kathi J. Haston          Kathi J. Haston - CT/MR Imaging Appl. Conslnt.
- -------------------------
/s/ Maria Kraus              Maria Kraus - Controller
- -------------------------
/s/ Donna Letizia            Donna Letizia - CT/MR Imaging Appl. Consltnt.
- -------------------------
/s/ Michael Manfredi         Michael Manfredi - Software Applications Dvlpr.
- -------------------------
/s/ Thomas Marchant          Thomas Marchant - Mngr. Clinical Trial Svces.
- -------------------------
/s/ Frank May                Frank May - Applications Programmer
- -------------------------
/s/ Jeanne Metherall         Jeanne Metherall - Assoc. Dir. Software Dvlpmnt
- -------------------------
/s/ James Myrtle, Ph.D.      James Myrtle, Ph.D. - Dir. Clinical Trial Svces.
- -------------------------
/s/ Lenore Noonan            Lenore Noonan - CT/MR Imaging Appl. Cnslt.
- -------------------------
/s/ Sarah Pearson            Sarah Pearson - Sr. Applications Programmer
- -------------------------
/s/ Robert J. Phillips       Robert J. Phillips - CFO and VP
- -------------------------
/s/ Andrew Reiter            Andrew Reiter - VP & Managing Director
- -------------------------
/s/ Richard L. Sandy         Richard L. Sandy - System Administrator
- -------------------------
/s/ Michael Silver, Ph.D.    Michael Silver, Ph.D. - Mgr Tech. Client Svcs
- -------------------------
/s/ Mark L. Weinstein        Mark L. Weinstein - Interim CEO
- -------------------------
/s/ Julie Wissinger          Julie Wissinger - Ultrasound Imaging Conslts.
- -------------------------
/s/ Ding Wu                  Ding Wu - Senior Programmer
- -------------------------


<PAGE>


                         BIO-IMAGING TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
               PROXY SOLICITED ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
            OF THE CORPORATION FOR THE ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS


     The  undersigned  hereby  constitutes  and appoints  Mark L.  Weinstein and
Robert J. Phillips, and each of them, his or her true and lawful agent and proxy
with full power of  substitution  in each, to represent and to vote on behalf of
the  undersigned  all of the  shares  of  Bio-Imaging  Technologies,  Inc.  (the
"Company")  which the  undersigned  is entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting of
Stockholders  of the Company to be held at the Sheraton Bucks County Hotel,  400
Oxford Valley Road, Langhorne, Pennsylvania at 9:00 A.M., local time, on Friday,
February 27, 1998, and at any  adjournment  or  adjournments  thereof,  upon the
following  proposals  more fully  described  in the Notice of Annual  Meeting of
Stockholders  and Proxy  Statement  for the Meeting  (receipt of which is hereby
acknowledged).

     THIS  PROXY WHEN  PROPERLY  EXECUTED  WILL BE VOTED IN THE MANNER  DIRECTED
HEREIN BY THE UNDERSIGNED STOCKHOLDER.  IF NO DIRECTION IS MADE, THIS PROXY WILL
BE VOTED FOR PROPOSALS 1, 2 AND 4 AND VOTED AGAINST 3.

1.    ELECTION OF DIRECTORS.

(Mark one only)
VOTE FOR all the nominees listed above;  except vote withheld from the following
nominees (if any).                                                    |    |

- ------------------------------------------------------------------

VOTE WITHHELD from all nominees.   |    |

                 Nominees:   Jeffrey H. Berg, Ph.D., Jeffrey S. Hurwitz, Esq.
                             and James A. Taylor, Ph.D.



2. Approval of Proposal to Ratify the  appointment of Arthur Andersen LLP as the
independent  auditors of the Company  for the fiscal year ending  September  30,
1998.


|     |   FOR               |     |   AGAINST                 |     |   ABSTAIN



3.  Approval  of  proposal  to amend the  By-laws  to  require a minimum  of six
directors.  THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS THAT THE STOCKHOLDERS VOTE AGAINST
THIS PROPOSAL TO AMEND THE BY-LAWS.


|     |   FOR               |     |   AGAINST                 |     |   ABSTAIN


                    (CONTINUED AND TO BE SIGNED ON REVERSE SIDE)

<PAGE>


                           (CONTINUED FROM OTHER SIDE)



4. In his discretion,  the proxy is authorized to vote upon other matters as may
properly come before the Meeting.


|     |   FOR               |     |   AGAINST                 |     |   ABSTAIN



I WILL |  |   WILL NOT |  |   ATTEND THE MEETING.


   Dated:                              This proxy must be signed
         --------------------------    EXACTLY as the name appears
                                       hereon.  When shares are held
   --------------------------------    by joint tenants, both should
   Signature of Stockholder            sign.  If the signer is a
                                       corporation, please sign full
   --------------------------------    corporate name by duly
   Signature of Stockholder            authorized officer, giving full
   if held Jointly                     title as such.  If a
                                       partnership, please sign in
                                       partnership name by authorized
                                       person.

PLEASE MARK,  SIGN, DATE AND RETURN THE PROXY CARD PROMPTLY,  USING THE ENCLOSED
ENVELOPE.




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