FRANKLIN
VALUEMARK
FUNDS
PROSPECTUS MAY 1, 1998
777 Mariners Island Blvd., P.O. Box 7777
San Mateo, CA 94403-7777 1-800/342-3863
Franklin Valuemark Funds (the "Trust") is an investment company, organized as a
Massachusetts business trust, and consisting of twenty-five separate investment
portfolios or funds, each of which has different investment objectives. Shares
of the Funds are sold only to insurance company separate accounts to fund the
benefits of variable life insurance policies or variable annuity contracts owned
by their respective policyholders or contractholders. Certain Funds may not be
available in connection with a particular policy or contract or in a particular
state. Investors should consult the separate account prospectus of the specific
insurance product that accompanies this Trust prospectus for information on any
applicable restrictions or limitations with respect to a separate account's
investments in the Funds.
SEVENTEEN OF THE TWENTY-FIVE FUNDS ARE CURRENTLY AVAILABLE UNDER THE INDIVIDUAL
IMMEDIATE VARIABLE ANNUITY CONTRACTS DESCRIBED IN THE PROSPECTUS ACCOMPANYING
THIS TRUST PROSPECTUS (EACH A "PORTFOLIO" OR "PORTFOLIOS").
This prospectus contains information that investors should know before investing
in these Portfolios, including the risks associated with investing in each
Portfolio. Please keep it for future reference. The Trust has a statement of
additional information ("SAI") dated May 1, 1998, which may be amended from time
to time. It contains more information about the Portfolio's procedures and
policies. It has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is
incorporated by reference into this prospectus. For a free copy, call
1-800/342-3863 or write the Trust at the address shown.
NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES OR
INSURANCE COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED THESE SECURITIES OR PASSED UPON
THE ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
SHARES OF THE PORTFOLIOS ARE NOT DEPOSITS OR OBLIGATIONS OF, OR GUARANTEED OR
ENDORSED BY, ANY BANK; AND ARE NOT FEDERALLY INSURED BY THE FEDERAL DEPOSIT
INSURANCE CORPORATION, THE FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD, OR ANY OTHER AGENCY OF THE
U.S. GOVERNMENT. SHARES OF THE PORTFOLIOS INVOLVE INVESTMENT RISKS, INCLUDING
THE POSSIBLE LOSS OF PRINCIPAL.
THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT AN OFFERING OF THE SECURITIES HEREIN DESCRIBED IN ANY
STATE, JURISDICTION OR COUNTRY, IN WHICH THE OFFERING IS UNAUTHORIZED. NO SALES
REPRESENTATIVE, DEALER, OR OTHER PERSON IS AUTHORIZED TO GIVE ANY INFORMATION OR
MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS OTHER THAN THOSE CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS.
SUMMARY OF PORTFOLIO OBJECTIVES
PORTFOLIO SEEKING STABILITY
OF PRINCIPAL AND INCOME
MONEY MARKET FUND ("MONEY FUND")1 seeks high current income, consistent with
capital preservation and liquidity. The Portfolio will pursue its objective by
investing exclusively in high quality money market instruments. An investment in
the Money Fund is neither insured nor guaranteed by the U.S. Government. The
Portfolio attempts to maintain a stable net asset value of $1.00 per share,
although no assurances can be given that the Portfolio will be able to do so.
PORTFOLIOS SEEKING GROWTH AND INCOME
GLOBAL UTILITIES SECURITIES FUND ("GLOBAL UTILITY FUND")1 seeks both capital
appreciation and current income by investing primarily in securities of issuers
engaged in the public utilities industry. The Portfolio may invest in securities
of issuers in any nation, including nations with developing markets. Investing
in a portfolio which concentrates in a specialized market sector involves
increased risks. Foreign investing also involves special risks. Prior to May 1,
1998, the Portfolio was named the Utility Equity Fund and invested primarily in
securities of domestic issuers in the public utility industry.
GROWTH AND INCOME FUND1 seeks capital appreciation, with current income return
as a secondary objective, by investing primarily in U.S. common stocks. The
Portfolio may invest in foreign securities.
INCOME SECURITIES FUND1,2 seeks to maximize income while maintaining prospects
for capital appreciation by investing primarily in a diversified portfolio of
domestic debt obligations and/or equity securities. Debt obligations include
lower rated obligations (commonly referred to as "junk bonds") which involve
increased risks related to the creditworthiness of their issuers. The Portfolio
may invest in foreign securities.
MUTUAL SHARES SECURITIES FUND ("MUTUAL SHARES FUND")1,2 seeks capital
appreciation, with income as a secondary objective. The Portfolio invests
primarily in domestic equity securities trading at prices below their intrinsic
values. The Portfolio may also invest in securities of companies involved in
corporate restructuring, mergers, bankruptcies and liquidations, as well as debt
securities of any quality, including "junk bonds," and defaulted securities, all
of which involve increased risks related to the creditworthiness of their
issuers.
REAL ESTATE SECURITIES FUND ("REAL ESTATE FUND") seeks capital appreciation,
with current income return as a secondary objective, by concentrating its
investments in publicly traded securities of U.S. companies in the real estate
industry. Investing in a portfolio which concentrates in a specialized market
sector involves increased risks.
RISING DIVIDENDS FUND seeks capital appreciation, primarily through investment
in the equity securities of companies that have paid consistently rising
dividends over the past ten years. Preservation of capital is also an important
consideration. The Portfolio seeks current income incidental to capital
appreciation.
TEMPLETON GLOBAL ASSET ALLOCATION FUND ("ASSET ALLOCATION FUND")1 seeks a high
level of total return through a flexible policy of investing in equity
securities, debt obligations, including up to 25% in lower rated debt
obligations (commonly referred to as "junk bonds"), and money market instruments
of issuers in any nation, including developing markets nations. The mix of
investments among the three market segments will be adjusted in an attempt to
capitalize on the total return potential produced by changing economic
conditions throughout the world. Foreign investing involves special risks.
VALUE SECURITIES FUND ("VALUE FUND")1 seeks long-term total return. The
Portfolio invests primarily in equity securities, including common stocks and
securities convertible into common stocks.
PORTFOLIOS SEEKING CAPITAL GROWTH CAPITAL GROWTH FUND ("GROWTH FUND")1 seeks
capital appreciation, with current income as a secondary consideration. The
Portfolio invests primarily in equity securities, including common stocks and
securities convertible into common stocks.
MUTUAL DISCOVERY SECURITIES FUND ("MUTUAL DISCOVERY FUND")1,2 seeks capital
appreciation. The Portfolio invests primarily in domestic and foreign equity
securities, including securities of smaller capitalization companies, trading at
prices below their intrinsic values. The Portfolio may also invest in securities
of companies involved in corporate restructuring, mergers, bankruptcies and
liquidations, as well as debt securities of any quality, including "junk bonds,"
and defaulted securities, all of which involve increased risks related to the
creditworthiness of their issuers. Foreign investing involves special risks.
SMALL CAP FUND1 seeks long-term capital growth. The Portfolio seeks to
accomplish its objective by investing primarily in equity securities of smaller
capitalization growth companies. The Portfolio may also invest in foreign
securities, including those of developing markets issuers. Because of the
Portfolio's investments in smaller capitalization companies, an investment in
the Portfolio may involve greater risks and higher volatility.
TEMPLETON DEVELOPING MARKETS EQUITY FUND ("DEVELOPING MARKETS FUND")1 seeks
long-term capital appreciation. The Portfolio seeks to achieve this objective by
investing primarily in equities of issuers in countries having developing
markets. The Portfolio is subject to the heightened foreign securities
investment risks that accompany foreign developing markets and an investment in
the Portfolio may be considered speculative.
TEMPLETON GLOBAL GROWTH FUND ("GLOBAL GROWTH FUND")1 seeks long-term capital
growth. The Portfolio hopes to achieve its objective through a flexible policy
of investing in stocks and debt obligations of companies and governments of any
nation, including developing markets. The realization of income, if any, is only
incidental to accomplishment of the Portfolio's objective of long-term capital
growth. Foreign investing involves special risks.
TEMPLETON INTERNATIONAL EQUITY FUND ("INTERNATIONAL EQUITY FUND")1 seeks
long-term growth of capital. Under normal conditions, the International Equity
Fund will invest at least 65% of its total assets in an internationally mixed
portfolio of foreign equity securities which trade on markets in countries other
than the U.S., including developing markets, and are (i) issued by companies
domiciled in countries other than the U.S., or (ii) issued by companies that
derive at least 50% of either their revenues or pre-tax income from activities
outside of the U.S. Foreign investing involves special risks.
TEMPLETON INTERNATIONAL SMALLER COMPANIES FUND ("INTERNATIONAL SMALLER COMPANIES
FUND")1 seeks long-term capital appreciation. The Portfolio seeks to achieve
this objective by investing primarily in equity securities of smaller companies
outside the U.S., including developing markets. Foreign investing involves
special risks and smaller company investments may involve higher volatility. An
investment in the Portfolio should not be considered a complete investment
program.
TEMPLETON PACIFIC GROWTH FUND ("PACIFIC FUND")1 seeks long-term growth of
capital, primarily through investing at least 65% of its total assets in equity
securities which trade on markets in the Pacific Rim, including developing
markets, and are (i) issued by companies domiciled in the Pacific Rim or (ii)
issued by companies that derive at least 50% of either their revenues or pre-tax
income from activities in the Pacific Rim. Investing in a portfolio of
geographically concentrated foreign securities, including developing markets,
involves increased susceptibility to the special risks of foreign investing and
an investment in the Portfolio may be considered speculative.
1THE ASSET ALLOCATION, CAPITAL GROWTH, DEVELOPING MARKETS, GLOBAL GROWTH, GLOBAL
UTILITY, GROWTH AND INCOME, INCOME SECURITIES, INTERNATIONAL EQUITY,
INTERNATIONAL SMALLER COMPANIES, MONEY, MUTUAL DISCOVERY, MUTUAL SHARES,
PACIFIC, SMALL CAP AND VALUE FUNDS MAY INVEST MORE THAN 10% OF THEIR TOTAL
ASSETS IN FOREIGN SECURITIES WHICH ARE SUBJECT TO SPECIAL AND ADDITIONAL RISKS
RELATED TO CURRENCY FLUCTUATIONS, MARKET VOLATILITY, AND ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND
POLITICAL UNCERTAINTY; INVESTING IN DEVELOPING MARKETS INVOLVES SIMILAR BUT
HEIGHTENED RISKS RELATED TO THE RELATIVELY SMALL SIZE AND LESSER LIQUIDITY OF
THESE MARKETS. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS."
2THE INCOME SECURITIES, MUTUAL DISCOVERY AND MUTUAL SHARES FUNDS MAY INVEST UP
TO 100% OF THEIR RESPECTIVE TOTAL ASSETS IN DEBT OBLIGATIONS RATED BELOW
INVESTMENT GRADE, COMMONLY KNOWN AS "JUNK BONDS," OR IN OBLIGATIONS WHICH HAVE
NOT BEEN RATED BY ANY RATING AGENCY. INVESTMENTS RATED BELOW INVESTMENT GRADE
INVOLVE GREATER RISKS, INCLUDING PRICE VOLATILITY AND RISK OF DEFAULT, THAN
INVESTMENTS IN HIGHER RATED OBLIGATIONS. INVESTORS SHOULD CAREFULLY CONSIDER THE
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INVESTMENT IN THESE PORTFOLIOS IN LIGHT OF THE
SECURITIES IN WHICH THEY INVEST. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, LOWER
RATED DEBT OBLIGATIONS."
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONTENTS PAGE
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS 5
INTRODUCTION 7
GENERAL INVESTMENT
CONSIDERATIONS 7
PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES 8
STABILITY OF PRINCIPAL
AND INCOME 8
Money Market Fund 8
GROWTH AND INCOME 9
Global Utilities Securities
Fund (formerly Utility
Equity Fund) 9
Growth and Income Fund 11
Income Securities Fund 12
Mutual Shares
Securities Fund 13
Real Estate
Securities Fund 15
Rising Dividends Fund 16
Templeton Global Asset
Allocation Fund 17
Vale Securities Fund 19
CAPITAL GROWTH 21
Capital Growth Fund 21
Mutual Discovery Securities
Fund 21
Small Cap Fund 24
Templeton Developing
Markets Equity Fund 25
Templeton Global Growth
Fund 27
Templeton International
Equity Fund 28
Templeton International
Smaller Companies Fund 29
Templeton Pacific Growth
Fund 30
HIGHLIGHTED RISK
CONSIDERATIONS 31
Foreign Transactions 31
General Considerations 31
Investments in Developing
Markets 32
Certain Restrictions 34
Currency Risks and their
Management 34
Interest Rate and Currency
Swaps 36
Investments in Depositary
Receipts 36
Lower Rated Debt Obligations 37
Defaulted Debt Obligations 38
The Portfolios' Investments 39
Asset Composition Table 39
INVESTMENT METHODS AND
RISKS, COMMON TO MORE
THAN ONE PORTFOLIO 39
Borrowing 39
Concentration 40
Convertible Securities 40
Debt Obligations 41
Corporate Debt Obligations 41
Money Market Instruments 41
U.S. Government Securities 41
Zero Coupon Bonds 42
Deferred Interest and
Pay-in-Kind Bonds 42
Derivatives 42
Diversification 43
Loan Participations 43
Loans of Portfolio
Securities 43
Options and Futures
Contracts 44
Portfolio Turnover 44
Repurchase and Reverse
Repurchase Agreements 44
Restricted and Illiquid
Securities 44
"Rolls" 45
Small Capitalization
Issuers 45
Structured Notes 46
Temporary Investments 46
Trade Claims 46
Warrants 46
"When-Issued" and "Delayed
Delivery" Transactions 47
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS 47
MANAGEMENT 47
Trustees and Officers 47
Managers 47
Management Services
and Fees 48
Portfolio Transactions 48
Subadvisor 48
Portfolio Administrator 48
Operating Expenses 49
Portfolio Operations 49
Biographical Information 50
PURCHASE, REDEMPTION, AND
EXCHANGE OF SHARES 55
INCOME DIVIDENDS AND
CAPITAL GAINS DISTRIBUTIONS 56
DETERMINATION OF
NET ASSET VALUE 56
TAX CONSIDERATIONS 56
HOW THE TRUST MEASURES
PERFORMANCE 57
GENERAL INFORMATION 57
Distribution Plans 57
Reports 57
Transfer Agent 57
Year 2000 58
Voting Privileges and
Other Rights 58
APPENDIX 58
Description of Bond Ratings 58
Description of Commercial
Paper Ratings 59
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
This table summarizes financial history of each Portfolio. The information has
been audited by Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P, the Trust's independent auditors. Their
audit report covering each of the most recent five years appears in the
financial statements in the Trust's Annual Report to Shareholders for the fiscal
year ended December 31, 1997. The Annual Report to Shareholders also includes
more information about each Portfolio's performance. For a free copy, please
call 1-800-342-3863.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PER SHARE OPERATING PERFORMANCE
(for a share outstanding throughout the period) RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
Ratio
Net Total Distri- Net Ratio of of net
Net realized from butions Distri- Net assets, expenses invest-
asset Net & unrea- invest- from net butions asset end of to ave- ment
Period value, invest- lized ment invest- from net Total value period rage income to Portfolio Average
ended beginning ment gain opera- ment realized distri- end of Total (in net average turnover commission
Dec. 31 of period income (loss) tions income gains butions period return+ 000's) assets net assets rate rate***
Capital Growth Fund
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
19961 $10.00 $.03 $1.33 $1.36 $ -- $ -- $ -- $11.36 13.60% $44,667 .77%* .96%* 3.91% .0567
1997 11.36 .06 2.02 2.08 (.02) -- (.02) 13.42 18.31 109,35 .77 .72 19.90 .0575
Global Utilities Securities Fund (formerly the Utility Equity Fund)
19892 10.00 .17 1.97 2.14 -- -- -- 12.14 21.40 15,151 --7 5.63 4.43 --
1990 12.14 .40 (.18) .22 (.10) -- (.10) 12.26 1.84 77,739 .68 6.53 -- --
1991 12.26 .35 2.60 2.95 (.35) -- (.35) 14.86 24.56 243,62 .63 5.92 2.01 --
1992 14.86 .35 .92 1.27 (.31) -- (.31) 15.82 8.69 667,118 .55 5.18 .13 --
1993 15.82 .38 1.28 1.66 (.34) -- (.34) 17.14 10.54 1,589,634 .51 4.47 4.80 --
1994 17.14 .95 (2.94) (1.99) (.62) (.11) (.73) 14.42 (11.56)1,155,110 .52 5.58 11.74 --
1995 14.42 .84 3.54 4.38 (.90) -- (.90) 17.90 31.35 1,423,446 .50 5.14 13.27 --
1996 17.90 .91 .29 1.20 (.92) -- (.92) 18.18 7.07 1,202,290 .50 4.20 29.69 .0252
1997 18.18 .90 3.54 4.44 (.96) (1.33) (2.29) 20.33 26.76 1,129,904 .50 3.91 17.00
.0154
Growth and Income Fund
19892 10.00 .13 .16 .29 -- -- -- 10.29 2.90 17,850 --7 3.78 59.34 --
1990 10.29 .20 (.44) (.24) (.08) -- (.08) 9.97 (2.35) 53,902 .67 3.46 45.08 --
1991 9.97 .12 2.22 2.34 (.20) -- (.20 12.11 23.63 117,944 .67 2.09 40.43 --
1992 12.11 .08 .72 .80 (.12) -- (.12) 12.79 6.73 231,659 .62 1.44 25.22 --
1993 12.79 .09 1.22 1.31 (.11) -- (.11) 13.99 10.32 371,484 .58 1.00 41.56 --
1994 13.99 .19 (.47) (.28) (.09) (.20) (.29) 13.42 (3.41) 517,877 .54 1.81 99.21 --
1995 13.42 .41 3.92 4.33 (.20) (.41) (.61 17.14 32.83 889,487 .52 3.30 116.54 --
1996 17.14 .62 1.64 2.26 (.41) (1.44) (1.85) 17.55 14.19 1,077,989 .50 4.06 23.01
.0407
1997 17.55 .67 4.05 4.72 (.64) (.62) (1.26) 21.01 27.74 1,338,476 .49 3.53 36.71
.0413
Income Securities Fund
19892 10.00 .28 .62 .90 -- -- -- 10.90 9.00 16,369 --7 8.63 2.54 --
1990 10.90 .82 (1.62) (.80) (.21) -- (.21) 9.89 (7.42) 30,054 .67 10.39 5.53 --
1991 9.89 .77 3.06 3.83 (.90) -- (.90) 12.82 39.93 61,266 .67 8.91 29.65 --
1992 12.82 .40 1.26 1.66 (.59) (.24) (.83) 13.65 13.20 182,993 .67 7.44 12.59 --
1993 13.65 .33 2.18 2.51 (.31) (.05) (.36) 15.80 18.59 737,942 .56 6.66 10.12 --
1994 15.80 .82 (1.80) (.98) (.44) (.07) (.51) 14.31 (6.27)1,000,002 .54 7.27 13.33 --
1995 14.31 1.16 1.96 3.12 (.89) (.07) (.96) 16.47 22.40 1,266,538 .51 8.05 33.14 --
1996 16.47 1.32 .44 1.76 (.87) (.15) (1.02) 17.21 11.28 1,350,659 .50 7.96 15.28
.0519
1997 17.21 1.40 1.38 2.78 (1.33) (.29) (1.62) 18.37 17.09 1,406,787 .50 7.53 14.68
.0506
Money Market Fund
19892 $1.00 $.07 $ -- $ .07 $ (.07) $ -- $ (.07) $ 1.00 7.51% $13,731 --7 7.18% --% --
1990 1.00 .07 -- .07 (.07) -- (.07) 1.00 7.62 66,524 .65 7.39 -- --
1991 1.00 .05 -- .05 (.05) -- (.05) 1.00 5.48 68,060 .67 5.43 -- --
1992 1.00 .03 -- .03 (.03) -- (.03) 1.00 3.06 86,907 .69 2.99 -- --
1993 1.00 .03 -- .03 (.03) -- (.03) 1.00 2.54 131,534 .66 2.53 -- --
1994 1.00 .04 -- .04 (.04) -- (.04) 1.00 3.82 518,618 .467 4.05 -- --
1995 1.00 .06 -- .06 (.06) -- (.06) 1.00 5.74 429,547 .407 5.58 -- --
1996 1.00 .05 -- .05 (.05) -- (.05) 1.00 5.16 408,930 .437 5.04 -- --
1997 1.00 .05 -- .05 (.05) -- (.05) 1.00 5.24 367,449 .457 5.11 -- --
Mutual Shares Securities Fund
19969 10.00 .02 .33 .35 -- -- -- 10.35 3.50 27,677 1.00* 2.56* 1.31 .0410
1997 10.35 .13 1.71 1.84 (.01) -- (.01) 12.18 17.73 387,787 .80 2.10 49.01 .0397
Mutual Discovery Securities Fund
19969 10.00 .02 .19 .21 -- -- -- 10.21 2.10 15,418 1.37* 2.11* .14 .0300
1997 10.21 .13 1.84 1.97 (.01) -- (.01) 12.17 19.25 198,653 1.06 1.19 55.93 .0219
Real Estate Securities Fund
19892 10.00 .25 .23 .48 -- -- -- 10.48 4.80 808 --7 6.32 13.24 --
1990 10.48 .48 (1.72) (1.24) (.15) -- (.15) 9.09 (11.98) 1,963 .72 7.66 -- --
1991 9.09 .34 2.67 3.01 (.45) -- (.45) 11.65 33.47 4,810 .74 6.05 7.95 --
1992 11.65 .14 1.24 1.38 (.24) -- (.24) 12.79 12.12 14,859 .69 4.50 2.76 --
1993 12.79 .09 2.33 2.42 (.17) -- (.17) 15.04 19.01 92,678 .67 4.05 5.84 --
1994 15.04 .38 .06 .44 (.17) -- (.17) 15.31 2.89 195,697 .62 4.00 11.73 --
1995 15.31 .78 1.83 2.61 (.52) -- (.52) 17.40 17.53 213,473 .59 4.74 22.15 --
1996 17.40 .79 4.74 5.53 (.78) -- (.78) 22.15 32.82 322,721 .57 4.80 10.32 .0519
1997 22.15 .72 3.72 4.44 (.67) (.32) (.99) 25.60 20.70 440,554 .54 3.59 11.62 .0550
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PER SHARE OPERATING PERFORMANCE
(for a share outstanding throughout the period) RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
Ratio
Net Total Distri- Net Ratio of of net
Net realized from butions Distri- Net assets, expenses invest-
asset Net & unrea- invest- from net butions asset end of to ave- ment
Period value, invest- lized ment invest- from net Total value period rage income to Portfolio Average
ended beginning ment gain opera- ment realized distri- end of Total (in net average turnover commission
Dec. 31 of period income (loss) tions income gains butions period return+ 000's) assets net assets rate rate***
Rising Dividends Fund
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
19923 10.00 .06 .92 .98 -- -- -- 10.98 9.80 97,687 .677* 2.11* 5.22 --
1993 10.98 .14 (.52) (.38) (.03) -- (.03) 10.57 (3.48) 299,730 .79 2.31 13.58 --
1994 10.57 .26 (.69) (.43) (.17) -- (.17) 9.97 (4.08) 309,929 .80 2.71 24.07 --
1995 9.97 .27 2.66 2.93 (.24) -- (.24) 12.66 29.74 463,253 .78 2.72 18.72 --
1996 12.66 .25 2.77 3.02 (.28) -- (.28) 15.40 24.18 597,424 .76 1.96 27.97 .0505
1997 15.40 .22 4.77 4.99 (.26) (.45) (.71 19.68 33.03 780,298 .74 1.24 37.04 .0516
Small Cap Fund
19954 10.00 .03 .21 .24 -- -- -- 10.24 2.30 13,301 .90* 2.70* 16.04 --
1996 10.24 .02 2.95 2.97 (.01) -- (.01) 13.20 28.95 170,969 .77 .63 63.72 .0518
1997 13.20 .01 2.24 2.25 (.03) (.37) (.40) 15.05 17.42 313,462 .77 .06 64.07 .0482
Templeton Developing Markets Equity Fund
19945 10.00 .07 (.51) (.44) -- -- -- 9.56 (4.40) 98,189 1.53* 1.85* 1.15 --
1995 9.56 .09 .18 .27 (.04) (.01) (.05) 9.78 2.77 158,084 1.41 2.01 19.96 --
1996 9.78 .12 1.97 2.09 (.10) (.18) (.28) 11.59 21.59 272,098 1.49 1.68 12.42 .0025
1997 11.59 .18 (1.10) (.92) (.15) (.23) (.38) 10.29 (8.72) 279,680 1.42 1.57 20.59 .0016
Templeton Global Asset Allocation Fund
19956 10.00 .18 .52 .70 (.18) -- (.18) 10.52 7.01 14,729 .90* 3.84* 30.00 --
1996 10.52 .34 1.75 2.09 (.01) (.01) (.02) 12.59 19.84 56,274 .86 4.21 52.35 .0028
1997 12.59 .42 1.04 1.46 (.26) (.07) (.33) 13.72 11.71 93,402 .94 4.22 61.93 .0008
Templeton Global Growth Fund
19945 10.15 .07 .26 .33 -- -- -- 10.48 3.25 158,856 1.14* 2.49* 7.14 --
1995 10.48 .16 1.17 1.33 (.06) -- (.06) 11.75 12.72 338,755 .97 2.46 30.92 --
1996 11.75 .25 2.22 2.47 (.21) (.21) (.42) 13.80 21.28 579,877 .93 2.20 12.32 .0096
1997 13.80 .33 1.53 1.86 (.24) (.08) (.32) 15.34 13.50 758,445 .88 2.49 24.81 .0018
Templeton International Equity Fund
19923 $10.00 $.14 $(.38) $ (.24) $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 9.76 (2.40)% $13,662 1.77%* 3.91%* 21.78% --
19938 9.76 .18 2.60 2.78 (.04) -- (.04) 12.50 28.56 310,146 1.12 1.58 29.50 --
1994 12.50 .19 (.07) .12 (.04) (.07) (.11) 12.51 .87 785,124 .99 2.17 12.22 --
1995 12.51 .37 .94 1.31 (.22) (.28) (.50) 13.32 10.59 850,117 .92 2.87 16.42 --
1996 13.32 .40 2.58 2.98 (.38) (.47) (.85) 15.45 22.98 1,108,099 .89 3.07 27.52 .0140
1997 15.45 .30 1.51 1.81 (.45) (.69) (1.14) 16.12 11.69 1,161,430 .89 3.01 26.96 .0022
Templeton International Smaller Companies Fund
19961 10.00 .10 1.15 1.25 -- -- -- 11.25 12.50 16,255 1.16* 2.51* -- .0031
1997 11.25 .23 (.39) (.16) (.07) -- (.07) 11.02 (1.50) 32,201 1.06 2.74 21.38 .0004
Templeton Pacific Growth Fund
19923 10.00 -- (.12) (.12) -- -- -- 9.88 (1.20) 5,788 1.317* -- 8.41 --
1993 9.88 .05 4.68 4.73 -- -- -- 14.61 47.87 215,882 1.14 1.29 12.36 --
1994 14.61 .22 (1.50) (1.28) (.03) (.06) (.09) 13.24 (8.79) 375,832 1.07 2.04 4.29 --
1995 13.24 .33 .71 1.04 (.26) (.11) (.37) 13.91 7.97 331,936 1.01 2.08 36.06 --
1996 13.91 .21 1.34 1.56 (.44) (.26) (.70) 14.76 11.10 356,759 .99 1.51 12.85 .0092
1997 14.76 .29 (5.49) (5.20) (.28) -- (.28) 9.28(35.95) 165,404 1.03 1.97 11.87 .0070
</TABLE>
*Annualized.
**Represents the average broker commission rate per share paid by
the Fund in connection with the execution of the Fund's portfolio transactions
in equity securities. Prior to December 31, 1996, disclosure of average
commission rate was not required.
+Total return measures the change in value of an investment over the periods
indicated. It assumes reinvestment of dividends and capital gains, if any, at
net asset value and is not annualized.
1For the period May 1, 1996 (effective date) to December 31, 1996.
2For the period January 24, 1989 (effective date) to December 31, 1989.
3For the period January 27, 1992 (effective date) to December 31, 1992.
4For the period November 1, 1995 (effective date) to December 31, 1995.
5For the period March 15, 1994 (effective date) to December 31, 1994.
6For the period April 19, 1995 (seed date) to December 31, 1995.
7During the periods indicated below, the investment manager agreed in advance to
waive a portion of its management fees and made payments of other expenses
incurred by the Funds in the Trust. Had such action not been taken, ratios of
expenses to average net assets would have been as follows:
Fiscal Ratio of Expenses to
Fund Name Year Average Net Assets
Money Market Fund 19892 .95%
1994 .54
1995 .53
1996 .53
1997 .53
Fiscal Ratio of Expenses to
Fund Name Year Average Net Assets
Growth and Income Fund 19892 1.01
Templeton Global Income
Securities Fund 19892 1.06
Income Securities Fund 19892 1.01
Templeton Pacific
Growth Fund 19923 2.57*
Real Estate Securities
Fund 19892 1.24
Rising Dividends Fund 19923 .76*
Global Utility Securities
Fund (formerly Utility
Equity Fund 19892 1.01
8Per share amounts have been calculated using the average shares outstanding
during the period.
9For the period November 8, 1996 (effective date) to December 31, 1996.
INTRODUCTION
Franklin Valuemark Funds (the "Trust") is an open-end management investment
company, or mutual fund, organized as a Massachusetts business trust on April
26, 1988 and registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). The
Trust currently consists of twenty-five separate investment portfolios or funds
(each a "Portfolio" or "Portfolios"), each of which is, in effect, a separate
mutual fund. The Trust issues a separate series of shares of beneficial interest
for each Portfolio. An investor, by investing in a Portfolio, becomes entitled
to a pro rata share of all dividends and distributions arising from the net
income and capital gains on the investments of that Portfolio. Likewise, an
investor shares pro rata in any losses on the investments of that Portfolio.
Shares of the Trust are currently sold only to separate accounts (the "Variable
Accounts") of Allianz Life Insurance Company of North America, or its wholly
owned subsidiary Preferred Life Insurance Company of New York, or their
affiliates ("Insurance Companies"), to fund the benefits under variable life
insurance policies and variable annuity contracts (collectively the "Contracts")
issued by the Insurance Companies. The Variable Accounts are divided into
sub-accounts (the "Contract Sub-Accounts"), each of which will invest in one of
the Portfolios, as directed by the owners of the Contracts (collectively the
"Contract Owners"). Some of the current Portfolios in the Trust may not be
available in connection with a particular Contract or in a particular state.
Contract Owners should consult the accompanying prospectus describing the
specific Contract or the appropriate Insurance Company for information on
available Funds and any applicable limitations with respect to their investment
options.
SEVENTEEN OF THE TWENTY-FIVE PORTFOLIOS ARE CURRENTLY AVAILABLE UNDER THE
INDIVIDUAL IMMEDIATE VARIABLE ANNUITY CONTRACTS DESCRIBED IN THE PROSPECTUS
ACCOMPANYING THIS TRUST PROSPECTUS.
GENERAL INVESTMENT CONSIDERATIONS
Each Portfolio has one or more investment objectives and related investment
policies and uses various investment strategies to pursue these objectives.
There can be no assurance that any Portfolio will achieve its investment
objective. The investment objectives of each Portfolio are "fundamental
policies" which means they may not be changed without shareholder approval.
Certain investment restrictions described here or in the statement of additional
information ("SAI") may also be identified as "fundamental." The investment
strategies, policies, and restrictions designed to realize the stated
objectives, however, are typically not fundamental and may be changed without
shareholder approval.
Investors should not consider any one Portfolio alone to be a complete
investment program and should evaluate each Portfolio in relation to their
personal financial situation, goals, and tolerance for risk. All of the
Portfolios are subject to the risk of changing economic conditions, as well as
the risk related to the ability of the Managers to make changes in the
securities composition of the Portfolio in anticipation of changes in economic,
business, and financial conditions. As with any security, a risk of loss of all
or a portion of the principal amount invested accompanies an investment in the
shares of any of the Portfolios.
The different types of securities and investment techniques used by each
Portfolio all have attendant risks of varying degrees and are described in the
pages that follow. As an overview, investors should bear in mind with respect to
equity securities, there can be no assurance of capital appreciation and there
is a substantial risk of decline. With respect to debt obligations, there exists
the risk that the issuer of a security may not be able to meet its obligations
on interest or principal payments at the time required by the instrument or at
all. In addition, the value of debt obligations generally rises and falls
inversely with prevailing current interest rates. Increased rates of interest
which frequently accompany higher inflation and/or a growing economy are likely
to have a negative effect on the value of shares of Portfolios which invest in
debt obligations. In addition to the factors which affect the value of
individual securities, a Contract Owner may anticipate that the value of the
shares of a Portfolio will fluctuate with movements in the broader equity and
bond markets as well. A decline in the stock market of any country in which a
Portfolio is invested or changes in currency valuations may also affect the
price of shares of a Portfolio. History reflects both increases and decreases in
interest rates, worldwide stock markets, and currency valuations, and these may
reoccur.
While only a few of the Portfolios elect to "concentrate," that is, invest more
than 25% of their total assets in specialized industry sectors, many of the
Portfolios do nonetheless, from time to time, invest significantly in certain
industries. Of course, these Portfolios are still diversified for federal
securities and tax law purposes and so will be issuer-diversified within each
industry. To the extent a Portfolio is less broadly diversified across
industries, the value of its securities can be more affected by adverse
developments or volatility in that industry sector. For example, the technology
sector as a whole has historically been volatile, and issues from this sector
tend to be subject to abrupt or erratic price movements.
As stated in the descriptions of the individual Portfolios below, an investment
in certain of the Portfolios involves special additional risks as a result of
their ability to invest a substantial portion of their assets in high yield,
high risk, lower rated debt obligations ("junk bonds"), foreign investments
including those of "developing markets" issuers located in emerging nations
generally as defined by the World Bank, derivative instruments or complex
securities, or to concentrate in specialized industry sectors. These and other
types of investments and investment methods common to more than one Portfolio
are described in greater detail, including the risks of each, in "Highlighted
Risk Considerations," "Investment Methods and Risks," and the SAI.
All policies and percentage limitations are considered at the time of purchase
and refer to total assets, unless otherwise specified. Each of the Portfolios
will not necessarily use the strategies described to the full extent permitted
unless the Managers believe that doing so will help a Portfolio reach its
objectives, and not all instruments or strategies will be used at all times. In
the event of a corporate restructuring or bankruptcy reorganization of an issuer
whose securities are owned by a Portfolio, the Portfolio may receive securities
different from those originally purchased, e.g., common stock that is not
dividend paying, bonds with a lower coupon or more junior status, convertible
securities or even conceivably real estate. The Portfolio is not obligated to
sell such securities immediately, if the Manager believes, based on its own
analysis, that the longer term outlook is favorable and there is the potential
for a higher total return by holding such investments.
PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
PORTFOLIO SEEKING STABILITY
OF PRINCIPAL AND INCOME
MONEY MARKET FUND
The investment objective of the Money Market Fund is to obtain as high a level
of current income (in the context of the type of investments available to the
Portfolio) as is consistent with capital preservation and liquidity. The
Portfolio will seek to maintain a $1.00 per share net asset value, but there is
no guarantee that it will be successful in doing so.
The Portfolio follows certain procedures required by federal securities laws
with respect to the quality, maturity and diversification of its investments.
These procedures are designed to help maintain a stable $1.00 share price. The
Portfolio limits its investments to U.S. dollar denominated instruments which
the Board of Trustees determines present minimal credit risks and which are, as
required by federal securities laws, rated in one of the two highest rating
categories as determined by nationally recognized statistical rating
organizations ("NRSROs"), or which if unrated are of comparable quality, with
remaining maturities of 397 calendar days or less ("Eligible Securities").
Because the Portfolio will limit its investments to high quality securities, it
will experience generally lower yields than if the Portfolio purchased
securities of lower quality and correspondingly greater risk.
Eligible Securities include the following:
1. securities issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S.
Government, its agencies, authorities or instrumentalities ("U.S. Government
Securities");
2. obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. banks with assets of at least one
billion dollars, foreign branches of U.S. banks ("Eurodollar Investments"), U.S.
branches of foreign banks ("Yankee Dollar Investments"), and foreign branches of
foreign banks (including certificates of deposit, bank notes, loan participation
interests, commercial paper, unsecured promissory notes, time deposits, and
bankers' acceptances), provided that where the obligation is issued by a branch,
the parent bank has more than five billion dollars in total assets at the time
of purchase ("Bank Obligations");
3. commercial paper (unsecured promissory notes including variable amount master
demand notes) issued by domestic or foreign issuers;
4. other short-term obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. corporations, or
obligations issued by foreign entities ("Corporate Obligations");
5. taxable municipal securities, the interest on which is not exempt from
federal income tax, issued by or on behalf of states, territories, and
possessions of the U.S. and the District of Columbia and their political
subdivisions, agencies, and instrumentalities, up to 10% of the Portfolio's
assets;
6. unrated notes, paper, obligations or other instruments that the Manager
determines to be of comparable high quality; and
7. repurchase agreements with respect to any of the foregoing obligations.
U.S. Government Securities, Bank and Corporate Obligations may have fixed,
floating, or variable interest rates. NRSROs include Standard & Poor's
Corporation ("S&P"), Moody's Investors Service, Inc. ("Moody's"), Fitch
Investors Service, Inc., Duff and Phelps, Inc., IBCA Limited and its affiliate
IBCA Inc., and Thompson BankWatch. See the Appendix for an explanation of
ratings by S&P and Moody's.
PORTFOLIO MATURITY. All instruments in which the Portfolio invests will mature
within 397 calendar days or less of the time that they are acquired. The average
maturity of the Portfolio's securities based on their dollar value will not
exceed 90 days at the time of each investment. If the disposition of a portfolio
security results in a dollar-weighted average portfolio maturity in excess of 90
days, the Portfolio will invest its available cash in such manner as to reduce
its dollar-weighted average portfolio maturity to 90 days or less as soon as is
reasonably practicable.
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio may invest up to 25% of its assets in
obligations of foreign branches of U.S. or foreign banks. The Portfolio's
investments in foreign obligations, although always dollar denominated, involve
risks related to market volatility, economic, social, and political uncertainty,
that are different from investments in similar obligations of domestic entities.
INVESTMENTS IN FOREIGN SECURITIES, PARTICULARLY IN DEVELOPING MARKETS, INVOLVES
SPECIAL AND ADDITIONAL RISKS. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN
TRANSACTIONS" and the SAI.
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES. Investments in obligations of U.S. branches of
foreign banks, which are considered domestic banks, may only be made if such
branches have a federal or state charter to do business in the U.S. and are
subject to U.S. regulatory authorities. The Portfolio may invest up to 10% of
its assets in time deposits with maturities in excess of seven calendar days.
(Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained in a banking institution
for a specified period of time at a stated interest rate.)
The Portfolio will not invest more than 5% of its assets in Eligible Securities
of a single issuer, other than U.S. Government Securities, rated in the highest
category by the requisite number of rating agencies, except that the Portfolio
may exceed that limit as permitted by SEC rules for a period of up to three
business days; and the Portfolio will not invest (a) the greater of 1% of the
Portfolio's assets or $1 million in Eligible Securities issued by a single
issuer rated in the second highest category, or (b) more than 5% of its assets
in Eligible Securities of all issuers rated in the second highest category.
Under the policies discussed in "Investment Methods and Risks" and in the SAI,
the Portfolio may acquire U.S. Government Securities on a when-issued or delayed
delivery basis, lend portfolio securities, enter into repurchase agreements, and
engage in other activities specifically identified for this Portfolio.
PORTFOLIOS SEEKING GROWTH AND INCOME
GLOBAL UTILITIES SECURITIES FUND
EFFECTIVE MAY 1, 1998, THE PORTFOLIO'S NAME CHANGED FROM "UTILITY EQUITY FUND"
TO "GLOBAL UTILITIES SECURITIES FUND," AND THE PORTFOLIO BECAME AUTHORIZED TO
INVEST WITHOUT LIMIT IN FOREIGN SECURITIES. THE PORTFOLIO'S INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVES AND OTHER POLICIES AND RESTRICTIONS DID NOT CHANGE. WHEN REVIEWING
THEIR INVESTMENTS OR CONSIDERING NEW PURCHASES OR TRANSFERS TO THE PORTFOLIO,
CONTRACT OWNERS MAY WISH TO TAKE THESE CHANGES INTO ACCOUNT AND TO CONSULT WITH
THEIR INVESTMENT REPRESENTATIVES.
The investment objectives of the Global Utilities Securities Fund are to seek
both capital appreciation and current income. The Portfolio pursues its
objective by concentrating its investments in the securities of public utilities
companies of any nation.
PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio pursues its objectives by investing, under
normal conditions, at least 65% of the Portfolio's assets in securities of
issuers engaged in the public utilities industry. The public utilities industry
includes companies which are, in the Manager's opinion, engaged in the ownership
or operation or manufacture of facilities, equipment or components used to
generate, transmit or distribute electricity, telephone communications, cable
and internet services, wireless telecommunications, gas or water. The Portfolio
will normally invest in common stocks which are expected to yield dividends.
The Portfolio may invest in stocks and debt obligations of companies of any
nation, developed or developing. The Portfolio will normally invest at least 65%
of its assets in issuers domiciled in at least three different countries, one of
which may be the U.S. Under normal circumstances, the Portfolio is expected to
invest a higher percentage of its assets in U.S. securities than in the
securities of issuers located in any other single country. The Portfolio's
Manager believes that a global utilities portfolio may benefit from a wider
selection of investment opportunities and greater diversification than a
portfolio which invests primarily in securities of domestic utility companies.
The Portfolio will typically invest predominantly in equity securities issued by
large-capitalization or mid-capitalization companies, which have market
capitalizations of $1 billion or more. It may also invest a substantial portion
of its assets in smaller capitalization companies, which may be subject to
different and greater risks. See "Small Cap Investments" below.
RISKS OF FOREIGN INVESTING. Foreign securities involve greater risks than
similar domestic securities due to currency fluctuations, market volatility, and
economic, social, and political uncertainty. Investments in foreign developing
markets involve heightened risks related to the smaller size and lesser
liquidity of these markets. However, as a non-fundamental policy, the Portfolio
will limit its investments in securities of Russian issuers to 5% of assets.
INVESTMENTS IN FOREIGN SECURITIES, PARTICULARLY IN DEVELOPING MARKETS, INVOLVE
SPECIAL AND ADDITIONAL RISKS WHICH ARE DISCUSSED IN THE PROSPECTUS UNDER
"HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN SECURITIES" and the SAI.
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH UTILITIES INVESTMENTS. Utility companies in the U.S. and
in foreign countries have generally been subject to substantial government
regulation. Major changes in government policies, ranging from increased
regulation or expropriation to deregulation, privatization or increased
competition, may dramatically increase or reduce opportunities for companies in
these industries. For example, while certain companies may develop more
profitable opportunities, others may be forced to defend their core businesses
and may be less profitable.
Electric utility companies have historically been subject to price regulation,
risks associated with increases in fuel and other operating costs, difficulty in
obtaining natural gas for resale, declines in the prices of alternative fuels,
high interest costs on borrowings or reduced ability to borrow particularly
during inflationary periods, costs associated with compliance with
environmental, nuclear facility and other safety regulations and changes in the
regulatory climate, and general effects of energy conservation. Increased
scrutiny of electric utilities might result in higher costs and higher capital
expenditures, with the risk that regulators may disallow inclusion of these
costs in rate authorizations. Alternatively, increased competition in some
areas, while permitting many companies to expand, may reduce or limit the prices
the utility companies can charge. Gas transmission and distribution companies
continue to undergo significant changes as well. Many companies have diversified
into oil and gas exploration and development, making returns more sensitive to
energy prices. The water supply industry is highly fragmented due to local
ownership. Generally, these companies are more mature and expect little or no
per capita volume growth.
Increasing competition due to past regulatory changes in the telephone
communications industry continues and, whereas certain companies have benefited,
many companies may be adversely affected in the future. The cable television
industry is regulated in most countries and, although such companies typically
have a local monopoly, emerging technologies and pro-competitive legislation are
combining to threaten these monopolies and could change the future outlook. The
wireless telecommunications and internet service industries and certain
equipment and component manufacturing businesses, may be in early developmental
stages and predominantly characterized by emerging, rapidly growing companies,
or be subject to risks related to rapidly changing technology.
Finally, many utility stocks may be particularly sensitive to interest rate
movements because investors may value such stocks based upon their yields rather
than their potential growth. Accordingly, these stocks may behave like bonds,
rising in value during periods of falling interest rates and falling in value
during periods of rising interest rates. Utility stocks may also, however, be
affected by factors which affect equity securities generally.
INDUSTRY CONCENTRATION RISK. Because the Portfolio concentrates its investments
in a limited group of related industries, it may be more susceptible to adverse
developments in those industries and thus present greater risk than a portfolio
with greater industry diversification.
SMALL CAP INVESTMENTS. Smaller or relatively new or unseasoned companies can be
particularly sensitive to changing economic conditions, and their growth
prospects are less certain then those of larger, more established companies. For
example, smaller companies may have limited financial resources, product lines
or market share; they may lack depth of management; or they may not find an
established market for their products or services. In addition, the prices of
smaller company stocks may, to a degree, fluctuate independently from larger
company stocks. SEE "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS, SMALL CAP ISSUERS" and the
SAI for more information.
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES. The Portfolio may invest up to 5% of its assets in
debt obligations, including convertible bonds issued by public utility issuers,
regardless of their ratings, which means the assets of the Portfolio may be
invested in securities rated Ba or lower by Moody's or BB or lower by S&P, or
unrated securities determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality. SEE
"HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, LOWER RATED DEBT OBLIGATIONS," "INVESTMENT
METHODS AND RISKS, DEBT OBLIGATIONS," AND THE APPENDIX. The Portfolio currently
intends to invest no more than 5% of its assets in preferred stocks or
convertible preferred stocks issued by public utility issuers. Subject to these
limits, the Portfolio may invest up to 5% of its assets in enhanced convertible
securities. Under the policies discussed in "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS,"
"HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS," and in the SAI, the Portfolio may also write
covered call options, loan its portfolio securities, enter into repurchase
transactions, and engage in other activities specifically identified for this
Portfolio.
GROWTH AND INCOME FUND
The principal investment objective of the Growth and Income Fund is capital
appreciation. The Portfolio's secondary objective is to provide current income
return.
PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio pursues capital appreciation by investing
in securities the Manager believes have the potential to increase in value. The
Portfolio will normally invest in the U.S. stock market by investing in a
broadly diversified portfolio of common stocks which may be traded on a
securities exchange or over-the-counter. Stocks and other equity securities
representing ownership interests in corporations, have historically outperformed
other asset classes over the long term but tend to fluctuate more dramatically
over the short term.
The Portfolio seeks current income through the receipt of dividends or interest
from its investments, and the payment of dividends may therefore be a
consideration in purchasing debt obligations or securities for the Portfolio. In
pursuing its secondary objective of current income, the Portfolio may also
purchase convertible securities, including bonds or preferred stocks, enhanced
convertible securities, debt obligations, and Money Market Instruments.
SELECTION OF PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS. The investment strategy of the Portfolio is
to generally invest in undervalued issues believed to have attractive long-term
growth prospects. The Portfolio's Manager uses relative yield analysis to target
companies that have current relative yields near the upper end of their
historical ranges. In doing so, the Manager hopes to identify undervalued
stocks, in pursuit of the Portfolio's primary objective of capital appreciation.
Relative yield, as used here, is a company's stock yield divided by the market
yield (as defined by the S&P 500). In implementing the Portfolio's relative
yield strategy, the Portfolio generally restricts its investment to stocks
which, in the opinion of the Manager, yield at least 100% of the yield of the
S&P 500, thereby enabling the Manager to pursue its secondary objective, namely
current income. In addition to relative yield analysis, the Portfolio employs
other valuation methods including, but not limited to, quantitative and
fundamental analysis. This strategy generally results in the Portfolio investing
predominantly in mid- and larger capitalization issuers.
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS. Although the Portfolio reserves the right to invest up to
30% of its assets in foreign securities not publicly traded in the U.S., the
Portfolio's current investment strategy is to limit such investments to no more
than 20% of the Portfolio's assets, including ADRs. The Portfolio's investments
in foreign securities involve risks related to currency fluctuations, market
volatility, and economic, social, and political uncertainty that are different
from investing in similar obligations of domestic entities. Investments in
foreign developing markets involve heightened risks related to the smaller size
and lesser liquidity of these markets. INVESTMENTS IN FOREIGN SECURITIES,
PARTICULARLY IN DEVELOPING MARKETS, INVOLVE SPECIAL AND ADDITIONAL RISKS. SEE
"HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS" and the SAI.
REITS. The Portfolio currently intends to invest no more than 15% of its assets
in equity real estate investment trusts ("REITs"). REITs may provide an
attractive alternative to direct investments in real estate, but are subject to
risks related to the skill of their management, changes in value of the
properties owned by the REITs, the quality of any credit extended by the REITs,
and general economic and other factors. See "Real Estate Securities Fund" for
more information.
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES. Although the Portfolio may invest in convertible
securities, it currently does not intend to invest more than 10% of its assets
in such securities which may carry special risks as described below. In
addition, the Portfolio currently does not intend to invest more than 5% of its
assets in debt obligations, including convertible debt obligations, rated Ba or
lower by Moody's or BB or lower by S&P, or unrated securities determined by the
Manager to be of comparable quality. Under the policies discussed in
"HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS" "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS" and in the SAI,
the Portfolio may also write covered call and put options; purchase call and put
options on securities and indices of securities, including "forward conversion"
transactions; loan its portfolio securities; enter into repurchase transactions;
and engage in other activities specifically identified for this Portfolio.
INCOME SECURITIES FUND
The investment objective of the Income Securities Fund is to maximize income
while maintaining prospects for capital appreciation.
PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio will pursue its objective by investing in a
diversified portfolio of domestic and foreign debt obligations, which may
include lower rated obligations (commonly referred to as "junk bonds"), as well
as equity securities, selected with particular consideration of current income
production along with capital appreciation. The assets of the Portfolio may be
held in cash or invested in securities traded on any national securities
exchange, in Money Market Instruments, or in securities issued by a corporation,
association or similar legal entity having gross assets valued at not less than
$1 million as shown by its latest published annual report. Such investments may
include zero coupon, deferred interest or pay-in-kind bonds, or preferred
stocks. SEE "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS." There are no restrictions as to the
proportion of investments which may be made in any particular type of security
and such determination is entirely within the Manager's discretion. As market
conditions change, it is conceivable that all of the assets of the Portfolio
might be invested in debt obligations or, conversely, in common stocks. As a
fundamental policy, however, the Portfolio will not concentrate its investments
in a single industry in excess of 25% of its assets.
Certain of the high yield obligations in which the Portfolio may invest may be
purchased at a discount. Such investments, when held to maturity or retired, may
include an element of gain (which may be treated as ordinary income or capital
gain for tax purposes). Capital losses may be realized when obligations
purchased at a premium are held to maturity or are called or redeemed at a price
lower than their purchase price. Capital gains or losses also may be realized
upon the sale of obligations.
CREDIT QUALITY. When purchasing debt obligations, the Portfolio may invest in
obligations in any rating category (including obligations in the lowest rating
categories) or unrated obligations, depending upon prevailing market and
economic conditions. BECAUSE OF THE PORTFOLIO'S POLICY OF INVESTING IN HIGHER
YIELDING, HIGHER RISK DEBT OBLIGATIONS, AN INVESTMENT IN THE PORTFOLIO IS
ACCOMPANIED BY A HIGHER DEGREE OF RISK THAN IS PRESENT WITH AN INVESTMENT IN
HIGHER RATED, LOWER YIELDING OBLIGATIONS. ACCORDINGLY, INVESTORS CONSIDERING THE
PORTFOLIO SHOULD EVALUATE THEIR OVERALL INVESTMENT GOALS AND TOLERANCE FOR RISK.
Currently, however, the Portfolio intends generally to invest in securities that
are rated at least Caa by Moody's or CCC by S&P, or, if unrated, comparable
obligations in the view of the Manager, except for defaulted securities
discussed below. The lower rated obligations in which the Portfolio may invest
are considered by S&P and Moody's, on balance, as predominantly speculative with
respect to the issuer's capacity to pay interest and repay principal in
accordance with the terms of the obligation and therefore entail special risks.
SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, LOWER RATED DEBT OBLIGATIONS," "INVESTMENT
METHODS AND RISKS," the SAI for additional information, the Appendix for a
discussion of the rating categories, and the "Asset Composition Table" for
information about the ratings of the debt obligations in the Portfolio during
1997.
These ratings, which represent the opinions of the rating services, do not
reflect the risk of market fluctuations nor are they absolute credit standards.
Ratings will be considered but will not be a determining or limiting factor.
Rather than relying principally on the ratings assigned by rating services, the
Manager conducts its own investment analysis.
In the event the rating on an issue held in the Portfolio is changed by the
rating service or the obligation goes into default, such event will be
considered by the Manager in its evaluation of the overall investment merits of
that security but will not necessarily result in an automatic sale of the
security.
Because a substantial portion of this Portfolio's investments at any particular
time may consist of lower rated debt obligations, individual developments
affecting each issuer, among other things, will likely have an increased effect
on the market value of the Portfolio's holdings and thus the value of the
Portfolio's shares.
DEFAULTED DEBT OBLIGATIONS. The Portfolio may invest up to 5% of its assets in
defaulted debt obligations which may be considered speculative.
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio may invest up to 25% of its assets in foreign
securities, including those of developing markets issuers. The Portfolio may
also invest in sponsored or unsponsored Depositary Receipts. The Portfolio's
investments in foreign securities involve risks related to currency
fluctuations, market volatility, and economic, social, and political uncertainty
that are different from investments in similar obligations of domestic entities.
Investments in foreign developing markets involve heightened risks related to
the smaller size and lesser liquidity of these markets. INVESTMENTS IN FOREIGN
SECURITIES, PARTICULARLY IN DEVELOPING MARKETS, INVOLVE SPECIAL AND ADDITIONAL
RISKS. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS" and the SAI.
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES. The Portfolio currently intends to invest no more
than 5% of its assets in loan participations and other related direct or
indirect bank obligations and up to 5% of its assets in trade claims, both of
which carry a high degree of risk; and currently intends to invest no more than
5% of its assets in enhanced convertible securities. Under the policies
discussed in "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS," "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS,"
and in the SAI, the Portfolio may also loan its portfolio securities; enter into
repurchase transactions; purchase debt obligations on a "when-issued" or
"delayed-delivery" basis; write covered call options on securities; and engage
in other activities specifically identified for this Portfolio.
MUTUAL SHARES SECURITIES FUND
The principal investment objective of the Mutual Shares Securities Fund is
capital appreciation, with income as a secondary objective.
PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS. Under normal market conditions, the Portfolio invests
primarily in domestic equity securities, including common and preferred stocks
and securities convertible into common stocks, as well as debt obligations of
any quality. Debt obligations may include securities or indebtedness issued by
corporations or governments in any form, including notes, bonds, or debentures,
as well as distressed mortgage obligations and other debt secured by real
property. The Manager has no pre-set limits as to the percentages which may be
invested in equity securities, debt securities or Money Market Instruments. The
Portfolio may invest in securities from any size issuer, including smaller
capitalization companies, which may be subject to different and greater risks.
SEE "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS, SMALL CAPITALIZATION ISSUERS." It will tend
to invest, however, in securities of issuers with market capitalizations in
excess of $500 million. It may invest in securities that are traded on U.S. or
foreign exchanges, NASDAQ national market or in the over-the-counter market. It
may invest in any industry sector, although it will not concentrate in any one
industry. From time to time, the Portfolio may hold significant cash positions,
consistent with its policy on temporary investments, until suitable investment
opportunities are available.
The Portfolio also seeks to invest in securities of companies involved in
mergers, consolidations, liquidations and reorganizations or as to which there
exist tender or exchange offers, and may participate in such transactions. The
Portfolio does not presently anticipate investing more than 50% of its assets in
such investments, but is not restricted to that amount. There can be no
assurance that any such transaction proposed at the time of the Portfolio's
investment will be consummated or will be consummated on the terms and within
the time period contemplated. The Portfolio may also invest in other forms of
secured or unsecured indebtedness or participations ("Indebtedness"), including
without limitation, loan participations and trade claims, of debtor companies
involved in reorganization or financial restructuring, some of which may have
very long maturities. Some of the Indebtedness is illiquid.
SELECTION OF PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio's general policy is to invest
in securities which, in the opinion of the Manager, are available at prices less
than their intrinsic values. The Manager's opinions are based upon analysis and
research, taking into account, among other factors, the relationship of book
value to market value of the securities, cash flow, and multiples of earnings of
comparable securities. These factors are not applied formulaically, as the
Manager examines each security separately; the Manager has no general criteria
as to asset size, earnings or industry type which would make a security
unsuitable for purchase by the Portfolio.
The Portfolio purchases securities for investment purposes and not for the
purpose of influencing or controlling management of the issuer. However, in
certain circumstances when the Manager perceives that the Portfolio may benefit,
the Manager may itself seek to influence or control management or may cause the
Portfolio to invest in other entities that purchase securities for the purpose
of influencing or controlling management, such as investing in a potential
takeover or leveraged buyout or investing in other entities engaged in such
practices.
CREDIT QUALITY. Debt obligations (including Indebtedness) in which the Portfolio
invests may be rated or unrated and, if rated, ratings may range from the very
highest to the very lowest categories (currently C for Moody's and D for S&P).
Medium and lower-rated debt obligations are commonly referred to as "junk
bonds." In general, it will invest in these instruments for the same reasons
underlying its investments in equity securities, i.e., that the instruments are
available, in the Manager's opinion, at prices less than their intrinsic values.
Consequently, the Manager's own analysis of a debt instrument exercises a
greater influence over the investment decision than the stated coupon rate or
credit rating. The Portfolio expects to invest in debt obligations issued by
reorganizing or restructuring companies, or companies which recently emerged
from, or are facing the prospect of a financial restructuring. It is under these
circumstances, which usually involve unrated or low rated securities that are
often in, or are about to, default, that the Manager seeks to identify
securities which are sometimes available at prices which it believes are less
than their intrinsic values. The purchase of Indebtedness of a troubled company
always involves a risk as to the creditworthiness of the issuer and the
possibility that the investment may be lost. However, the debt securities of
reorganizing or restructuring companies typically rank senior to the equity
securities of such companies.
Higher yields are generally available from securities in the higher risk, lower
rating categories of S&P or Moody's; however, the values of lower rated
securities generally fluctuate more than those of higher rated securities and
involve greater risk of loss of income and principal. Moreover, securities rated
BB or lower by S&P or Ba or lower by Moody's are predominantly speculative with
respect to the issuer's ability to pay principal and interest and may be in
default. These securities may also be less liquid than higher rated securities,
or have no established markets, thereby increasing the degree to which judgment
plays a role in valuing such securities. BECAUSE OF THE PORTFOLIO'S POLICY OF
INVESTING IN LOWER-RATED OR UNRATED, HIGHER RISK DEBT OBLIGATIONS, AN INVESTMENT
IN THE PORTFOLIO IS ACCOMPANIED BY A HIGHER DEGREE OF RISK THAN IS PRESENT WITH
AN INVESTMENT IN HIGHER RATED OBLIGATIONS. ACCORDINGLY, INVESTORS CONSIDERING
THE PORTFOLIO SHOULD EVALUATE THEIR OVERALL INVESTMENT GOALS AND TOLERANCE FOR
RISK. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, LOWER RATED DEBT OBLIGATIONS" AND
THE APPENDIX.
DEFAULTED DEBT OBLIGATIONS. The Portfolio may invest without limit in defaulted
debt obligations, subject to the Portfolio's restriction on investments in
illiquid securities. Defaulted debt obligations may be considered speculative.
See the discussion above under "Credit Quality" for the circumstances under
which the Portfolio generally invests in defaulted debt obligations.
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS. Although the Portfolio reserves the right to purchase
securities in any foreign country without percentage limitation, the Portfolio's
current investment strategy is to invest primarily in domestic securities, with
approximately 15-20% of its assets in foreign securities, including sponsored or
unsponsored Depositary Receipts. The Portfolio presently does not intend to
invest more than 5% of its assets in securities of developing markets, including
Eastern European countries and Russia. Foreign investments may include both
voting and non-voting securities, sovereign debt and participation in foreign
government deals. The Portfolio's investments in foreign securities involve
risks related to currency fluctuations, market volatility, and economic, social
and political uncertainty that are different from investing in similar
obligations of domestic entities. INVESTMENTS IN FOREIGN SECURITIES,
PARTICULARLY IN DEVELOPING MARKETS, INVOLVE SPECIAL AND ADDITIONAL RISKS. SEE
"HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS" below and in the SAI.
CURRENCY TECHNIQUES. The Portfolio generally expects it will hedge against
currency risks to the extent that hedging is available. Currency hedging
techniques may include investments in foreign currency futures contracts,
options on foreign currencies or currency futures, forward foreign currency
exchange contracts ("forward contracts") and currency swaps, all of which
involve specialized risks. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN
TRANSACTIONS."
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES. While the Portfolio may not purchase securities of
registered open-end investment companies or affiliated investment companies, it
may invest from time to time in other investment company securities subject to
the limitation that it will not purchase more than 3% of the voting securities
of another investment company. In addition, the Portfolio will not invest more
than 5% of its assets in the securities of any single investment company and
will not invest more than 10% of its assets in investment company securities.
Investors should recognize that an investment in the securities of such
investment companies results in layering of expenses such that investors
indirectly bear a proportionate share of the expenses of such investment
companies, including operating costs, and investment advisory and administrative
fees. The Portfolio may also sell short securities it does not own up to 5% of
its assets. Short sales have risks of loss if the price of the security sold
short increases after the sale, but the Portfolio can profit if the price
decreases. The Portfolio may also sell securities "short against the box" (i.e.,
securities which the Portfolio owns or has the immediate and unconditional right
to acquire at no additional cost) without limit. See the SAI for further details
concerning short sales.
Under the policies discussed in "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS," "HIGHLIGHTED
RISK CONSIDERATIONS," and in the SAI, the Portfolio may also loan its portfolio
securities; enter into repurchase transactions; purchase securities and debt
obligations on a "when-issued" or "delayed delivery" basis; invest in restricted
or illiquid securities; purchase and sell exchange-listed and over-the-counter
put and call options on securities, equity and fixed-income indices and other
financial instruments; purchase and sell financial futures contracts and options
thereon; and engage in other activities specifically identified for this
Portfolio.
REAL ESTATE SECURITIES FUND The principal objective of the Real Estate
Securities Fund is capital appreciation, with a secondary objective of earning
current income on its investments.
PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio pursues its principal objective by
investing primarily in securities of companies operating in the real estate
industry. Under normal circumstances, therefore, at least 65% of the Portfolio's
assets will be invested in "real estate securities" (defined below), primarily
equity real estate investment trusts ("REITs"). The Portfolio will generally
invest in real estate securities of companies listed on a securities exchange or
traded over-the-counter. As used by the Portfolio, investments deemed to be
"real estate securities" will include equity, debt obligations, and convertible
securities of companies having the following characteristics and will be subject
to the following limitations:
1. Companies qualifying as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. In order to
qualify as a REIT, a company must derive at least 75% of its gross income from
real estate sources (rents, mortgage interest, gains from the sale of real
estate assets), and at least 95% from real estate sources, plus dividends,
interest and gains from the sale of securities. Real property, mortgage loans,
cash and certain securities must comprise 75% of a company's assets. In order to
qualify as a REIT, a company must also make distributions to shareholders
aggregating annually at least 95% of its REIT taxable income.
2. Companies having at least 50% of their assets related to, or deriving at
least 50% of their revenues from, the ownership, construction, management or
other services, or sale of residential, commercial or industrial real estate.
Such companies would include real estate operating companies, real estate
services and home builders.
The Portfolio will typically invest predominately in securities issued by
mid-cap or smaller cap U.S. companies which have market capitalizations of $5
billion and $1 billion or less, respectively, because that is reflective of the
industry itself. Small cap REITs can be subject to different and greater risks
than mid or larger cap issuers. Small cap REITs may have greater regional
concentration and less diversification in terms of the regions, clients and
types of properties available for investment.
RISKS RELATED TO CONCENTRATION. The Portfolio may invest more than 25% of its
total assets in any sector of the real estate industry described above. The
Portfolio's policy of concentrating in the securities of companies in the real
estate industry and the other investment policies referenced above are
fundamental policies that cannot be changed without shareholder approval. Due to
the Portfolio's concentration in the real estate industry, adverse developments
in that industry will have a greater impact on the Portfolio, and consequently
shareholders, than a portfolio with broader diversification. Special
considerations to an investment in the Portfolio include those risks associated
with the direct ownership of real estate: declines in the value of real estate,
risks related to general and local economic conditions, over-building and
increased competition, increases in property taxes and operating expenses,
changes in zoning laws, casualty or condemnation losses, limitations on rents,
changes in neighborhood values, the appeal of properties to tenants, and
increases in interest rates. The value of securities of companies which service
the real estate industry may also be affected by such risks.
In addition to the risks discussed above, equity REITs may be affected by any
changes in the value of the underlying property owned by such REITs, while
mortgage REITs may be affected by the quality of any credit extended. Equity and
mortgage REITs are dependent on the REIT management team's skill, may not be
diversified, and are subject to the risks of financing projects. The Portfolio
could conceivably own real estate directly as a result of a default on debt
obligations it may own. Changes in prevailing interest rates also may inversely
affect the value of the debt obligations in which the Portfolio will invest.
The Portfolio's Manager believes, however, that diversification of the
Portfolio's assets into different types of real estate investments will help
mitigate, although it cannot eliminate, the inherent risks of such industry
concentration. Moreover, there has historically been a low correlation between
the real estate market and the broader equity market. While there can be no
guarantee that historical trends will continue in the future, investments in
real estate securities may be a useful way of diversifying one's overall
portfolio.
REAL ESTATE RELATED INVESTMENTS. In addition to the Portfolio's investments in
real estate securities, the Portfolio may also invest a portion of its assets in
debt obligations or equity securities of issuers engaged in businesses whose
products and services are closely related to the real estate industry, and
publicly traded on an exchange or in the over-the-counter market. Such issuers
may include manufacturers and distributors of building supplies; financial
institutions that issue or service mortgages, such as savings and loan
associations or mortgage bankers; and companies whose principal business is
unrelated to the real estate industry but who have significant real estate
holdings (at least 50% of their respective assets) believed to be undervalued
relative to the price of those companies' securities.
CREDIT QUALITY. As an operating policy, the Portfolio will not invest more than
10% of its net assets in convertible debt obligations or debt obligations rated
Ba or lower by Moody's or, if unrated, deemed by the Manager to be of comparable
quality. Generally, however, the Portfolio will not acquire any investments
rated lower than B by Moody's or, if unrated, deemed to be of comparable quality
by the Manager. Lower rated obligations (commonly referred to as "junk bonds")
are considered by the rating agencies to have increased risks related to the
creditworthiness of their issuers. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, LOWER
RATED DEBT OBLIGATIONS" and the SAI.
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES. The Portfolio may invest up to 10% in foreign
securities, including developing markets, which involve special risks including
currency fluctuations and political uncertainty. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK
CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS" and the SAI. Under the policies discussed
in "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS," and in the SAI, the Portfolio may also write
covered call options, loan its portfolio securities, engage in repurchase
transactions, invest in enhanced convertible securities, and engage in other
activities specifically identified for this Portfolio.
RISING DIVIDENDS FUND The investment objectives of the Rising Dividends Fund are
capital appreciation and current income incidental to capital appreciation. In
seeking capital appreciation, the Portfolio invests with a long-term investment
horizon. Preservation of capital, while not an objective, is also an important
consideration.
SELECTION OF PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio seeks to achieve its
investment objectives by investing, as a fundamental policy, at least 65% of its
net assets in financially sound companies that have paid consistently rising
dividends based on the investment philosophy that the securities of such
companies, because of their dividend record, have a strong potential to increase
in value. As a fundamental policy, under normal market conditions, at least 65%
of the Portfolio is invested in the securities of companies that meet the
following specialized criteria:
1. consistent dividend increases - a company should have increased its dividend
in at least eight out of the last ten years with no year showing a decrease;
2. substantial dividend increases - a company must have increased its dividend
at least 100% over the past ten years;
3. reinvested earnings - dividend payout should be less than 65% of current
earnings (except for utility companies);
4. strong balance sheet - long-term debt obligations should be no more than 30%
of total capitalization (except for utility companies); and
5. attractive price - the current price should either be in the lower half of
the stock's price/earnings ratio range for the past ten years or less than the
average current market price/earnings ratio of the stocks comprising the S&P 500
Stock Index.
The remaining 35% of the Portfolio's assets typically are invested in
dividend-paying equity securities with similar characteristics that may not meet
all of the specialized criteria listed above. The Portfolio's investments may
include common stocks, convertible securities, or rights or warrants to
subscribe for or purchase common stocks.
The Manager also considers other factors, such as return on shareholder's
equity, rate of earnings growth and anticipated price/earnings ratios, in
selecting investments for the Portfolio. In addition, because capital
preservation is an important consideration, the Manager generally also reviews a
company's stability and the strength of its balance sheet in selecting among
eligible growth companies.
Following these policies, the Portfolio will typically invest predominantly in
equity securities issued by large-cap or mid-cap U.S. companies, which have
market capitalizations of $1 billion or more. It may also invest to a lesser but
significant degree in smaller capitalization companies, which are subject to
different and greater risks. SEE "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS, SMALL
CAPITALIZATION ISSUERS."
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES. The Portfolio may invest up to 10% of its net assets
in foreign securities, including developing markets, which involve special risks
including currency fluctuations and political uncertainty. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK
CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS" and the SAI. Under the policies discussed
in "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS," and in the SAI, the Portfolio may also loan
its portfolio securities, enter into repurchase transactions, write covered call
options, and engage in other activities specifically identified for this
Portfolio.
TEMPLETON GLOBAL ASSET ALLOCATION FUND
The investment objective of the Templeton Global Asset Allocation Fund is to
seek a high level of total return through a flexible policy of investing in the
following market segments: equity securities of issuers in any nation, debt
obligations of companies and governments of any nation, and Money Market
Instruments.
PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS.The mix of investments among these three market segments
will be adjusted in an attempt to capitalize on total return potential produced
by changing economic conditions throughout the world. There are no minimum or
maximum percentages as to the amount of the Portfolio's assets which may be
invested in each of the market segments. Except as noted below and under
"Investment Restrictions" in the SAI, the Manager has complete discretion in
determining the amount of equity securities, debt obligations, or Money Market
Instruments in which the Portfolio may invest.
The Portfolio seeks to achieve its objective by seeking investment opportunities
in all types of securities issued by companies or governments of any nation,
including developing markets nations. The Portfolio will normally be invested in
at least three countries, except during defensive periods. INVESTORS SHOULD
CONSIDER CAREFULLY THE SUBSTANTIAL RISKS INVOLVED IN INVESTING IN FOREIGN
SECURITIES, RISKS THAT ARE HEIGHTENED FOR INVESTMENTS IN DEVELOPING MARKETS. SEE
"HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS."
EQUITY SECURITIES. Equity securities in which the Portfolio may invest
consistent with its investment objective and policies may include common and
preferred stock, securities (bonds or preferred stock) convertible into common
stock ("convertible securities"), warrants, equity real estate investment trusts
("REITs"), and securities representing underlying international securities such
as Depositary Receipts. The Portfolio may purchase sponsored or unsponsored
Depositary Receipts, such as ADRs, EDRs, and GDRs, which will be deemed to be
investments in the underlying securities for purposes of the Portfolio's
investment policies. Depositary receipts may not necessarily be denominated in
the same currency as the underlying securities and they involve the risks of
other investments in foreign securities, as discussed in `Highlighted Risk
Considerations, Foreign Transactions.'
DEBT OBLIGATIONS. Debt obligations in which the Portfolio may invest consistent
with its investment objective and policies may include many types of debt
obligations of both domestic and foreign governments or companies, such as
bonds, debentures, notes, commercial paper, collateralized mortgage obligations
("CMOs") and obligations issued or guaranteed by governments or government
agencies or instrumentalities including, specifically, Government National
Mortgage Association ("GNMA") mortgage-backed certificates. The yields provided
by GNMA securities have historically exceeded the yields on other types of U.S.
Government Securities with comparable maturities; unpredictable prepayments of
principal, however, can greatly change realized yields. SEE "INVESTMENT METHODS
AND RISKS." The Portfolio has the flexibility to invest in preferred stocks and
certain debt obligations, rated or unrated, such as convertible bonds and bonds
selling at a discount. Debt obligations can provide the potential for capital
appreciation based on various factors such as changes in interest rates,
economic and market conditions, improvement in an issuer's ability to repay
principal and pay interest, and ratings upgrades.
CREDIT QUALITY. The Portfolio may invest in medium grade and lower quality debt
obligations that are rated between BBB and as low as CC by S&P, and between Baa
and as low as Ca by Moody's or, if unrated, are of equivalent investment quality
as determined by the Manager. Bonds rated BB or lower are predominantly
speculative with respect to the issuer's capacity to pay interest and repay
principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation and may be in default.
Issues of bonds rated Ca may often be in default. Higher yields are generally
available from securities in the higher risk, lower rating categories of S&P or
Moody's (commonly referred to as "junk bonds"); however, the values of lower
rated securities generally fluctuate more than those of higher rated securities
and involve greater risk of loss of income and principal. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK
CONSIDERATIONS, LOWER RATED DEBT OBLIGATIONS," "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS,"
the SAI for additional information, and the Appendix for a discussion of the
rating categories.
As an operating policy established by the Board of Trustees, however, the
Portfolio will not invest more than 25% of its assets in debt obligations rated
BBB or lower by S&P or Baa or lower by Moody's or if unrated, determined by the
Manager to be of comparable quality. Such limit would include defaulted debt
obligations. Many debt obligations of foreign issuers, and especially developing
markets issuers, are either (i) rated below investment grade or (ii) not rated
by U.S. rating agencies so that their selection depends on the Manager's
internal analysis. The Board of Trustees may consider an increase in this
operating policy if, in its judgment, economic conditions change such that a
higher level of investment in high risk, lower quality debt obligations would be
consistent with the interests of the Portfolio and its shareholders.
MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS. The Portfolio may invest in Money Market Instruments.
In addition, the Portfolio may hold cash and time deposits with banks in the
currency of any major nation and invest in certificates of deposit of federally
insured savings and loan associations having total assets in excess of $1
billion. The Portfolio may also invest in commercial paper limited to
obligations rated Prime-1 or Prime-2 by Moody's or A-1 or A-2 by S&P or, if not
rated by Moody's or S&P, issued by companies having an outstanding debt issue
currently rated Aaa or Aa by Moody's or AAA or AA by S&P. See the Appendix.
DEFAULTED DEBT OBLIGATIONS. The Portfolio may invest up to 10% of its assets in
defaulted debt obligations, which may be considered speculative.
FOREIGN SECURITIES. The Portfolio has an unlimited right to purchase securities
in any foreign country, developed or emerging, if they are listed on an
exchange, as well as a limited right to purchase such securities if they are
unlisted. However, as a non-fundamental policy, the Portfolio will limit its
investments in securities of Russian issuers to 5% of assets. The Portfolio's
investments in foreign securities involve risks related to currency
fluctuations, market volatility, and economic, social, and political uncertainty
that are different from investing in similar obligations of domestic entities.
Investments in foreign developing markets involve heightened risks related to
the smaller size and lesser liquidity of these markets. INVESTORS SHOULD
CONSIDER CAREFULLY THE SUBSTANTIAL RISKS INVOLVED IN INVESTING IN FOREIGN
SECURITIES, RISKS THAT ARE HEIGHTENED FOR INVESTMENTS IN DEVELOPING MARKETS. SEE
"HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS."
CURRENCY TECHNIQUES. The Portfolio may, but with respect to equity securities
does not currently intend, to employ certain active currency hedging techniques.
Such techniques may include investments in foreign currency futures contracts,
forward foreign currency exchange contracts ("forward contracts"), and options
on foreign currencies, all of which involve specialized risks. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED
RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS."
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES. Under the policies discussed in "INVESTMENT METHODS
AND RISKS," "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS," and in the SAI, the Portfolio may
also invest in illiquid and restricted securities, purchase securities on a
"when-issued" basis, enter into repurchase transactions, loan its portfolio
securities, and engage in other activities specifically identified for this
Portfolio.
VALUE SECURITIES FUND
The investment objective of the Value Securities Fund is long-term total return.
Income, though not an objective, is a secondary consideration.
PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS. Under normal market conditions, the Portfolio will invest
at least 65% of its assets in companies of various sizes, which in the opinion
of the Manager, are selling substantially below the underlying value of their
assets or their private market value. Private market value is what a
sophisticated investor would pay for the entire company. From time to time, the
Portfolio may be predominantly invested in smaller capitalization companies
("small cap companies").
In determining whether to buy or hold securities, the Manager will consider a
variety of factors, including: low price to earnings ratio relative to the
market, industry group or earnings growth; low price relative to book value or
cash flow; valuable franchises, patents, trademarks, trade names, distribution
channels, or market share for particular products or services, tax loss
carryforwards, or other intangibles that may not be reflected in stock prices;
ownership of understated or underutilized tangible assets such as land, timber
or minerals; underutilized cash or investment assets; and unusually high current
income. These criteria and others, alone and in combination, may identify
companies that are attractive to financial or strategic acquirers (i.e. takeover
candidates), or companies that have suffered sharp price declines but in the
Manager's opinion, still have significant potential ("fallen angels"). Purchases
may include companies in cyclical businesses, turnarounds and companies emerging
from bankruptcy. Purchase decisions may also be influenced by company stock
buy-backs and its insiders' purchases and sales. The Portfolio purchases
securities for investment purposes and not for the purpose of influencing or
controlling management of the issuer. In rare cases, however, when the Manager
perceives that the Portfolio may benefit, the Manager may itself seek to
influence or control management.
The securities in which the Portfolio may invest include common and preferred
stocks, securities convertible into common stocks, warrants, secured and
unsecured debt securities, and notes. The Portfolio may, from time to time, hold
significant Money Market Instruments, up to 100% of its total assets, until
suitable investment opportunities meeting its value standards become available,
consistent with its policy on temporary investments.
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH VALUE INVESTING. Securities of a company may be
undervalued as a result of overreaction by investors to unfavorable news about a
company, an industry, or the stock market in general, or as a result of a market
decline, poor economic conditions, tax-loss selling or actual or anticipated
unfavorable developments affecting a company. Often these companies are
attempting to recover from business setbacks or adverse events (turnarounds),
cyclical downturns, or in certain cases, bankruptcy. There can be no assurance
that such companies or their stocks will recover from these events in a timely
manner or at all. Cyclical stocks in which the Portfolio may invest tend to
increase in value more quickly during economic upturns than noncyclical stocks,
but also tend to lose value more quickly in economic downturns. As with all
investments, there is always the possibility when investing in these securities
that the Manager may be incorrect in its assessment of a particular industry or
company, or that the Manager may not buy these securities at their lowest
possible prices or sell them at their highest.
There can be special risks when the Portfolio buys securities of companies
emerging from bankruptcy. Companies emerging from bankruptcy may have some
difficulty retaining customers and suppliers who prefer transacting with solvent
organizations. If new management is installed in a company emerging from
bankruptcy, the management may be considered untested; if the existing
management is retained, the management may be considered incompetent. Further,
even when a company has emerged from bankruptcy with a lower level of debt, it
may still retain a relatively weak balance sheet. During economic downturns
these companies may not have sufficient cash flow to pay their debt obligations
and may also have difficulty finding additional financing. In addition, reduced
liquidity in the secondary market may make it difficult for the Portfolio to
sell the securities or to value them based on actual trades.
The Portfolio's policy of investing in securities that may be out of favor,
including turnarounds, cyclicals and companies emerging from bankruptcy,
companies reporting poor earnings, and companies whose share prices have
declined sharply or that are not widely followed, differs from the approach
followed by many other portfolios. The Manager believes, however, that these
securities may provide a greater total investment return than securities whose
prices appear to reflect anticipated favorable developments.
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH SMALL CAP INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio may invest without
minimum or maximum limitation in smaller cap companies which have market
capitalizations of $1 billion or less at the time of purchase. Securities of
smaller companies, particularly if they are unseasoned, present greater risks
than securities of larger, more established companies. The smaller companies in
which the Portfolio may invest are often not well known, may often trade at a
discount and may not be followed by research organizations. The companies may
have relatively small revenues, limited product lines and a small share of the
market for their products or services. Small cap companies may lack depth of
management, they may be unable to internally generate funds necessary for growth
or potential development or to generate such funds through external financing on
favorable terms, or they may be developing or marketing new products or services
for which markets are not yet established and may never become established. Due
to these and other factors, small cap companies may suffer significant losses as
well as realize substantial growth, and investments in such companies tend to be
more volatile and therefore, speculative. In addition, the prices of smaller cap
companies' stocks may fluctuate independently of larger company stocks. SEE
"INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS."
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS. Although the Portfolio may invest up to 25% of its assets
in foreign securities, including those of developing markets issuers and
sponsored or unsponsored Depositary Receipts, it currently has no intention of
investing more than 15% of its assets in such securities. The Portfolio
presently does not intend to invest more than 5% of its assets in developing
markets securities. The Portfolio's investment in foreign securities involve
risks related to currency fluctuations, market volatility, and economic, social,
and political uncertainty that are different from investing in similar domestic
securities. INVESTMENTS IN FOREIGN SECURITIES, PARTICULARLY IN DEVELOPING
MARKETS, INVOLVE SPECIAL ADDITIONAL RISKS. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS,
FOREIGN SECURITIES" below and in the SAI.
CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES. The Portfolio may invest in convertible securities and
synthetic convertibles. The convertible debt obligations in which the Portfolio
may invest are subject to the same rating criteria and investment policies as
the Portfolio's investments in debt obligations. Convertible preferred stocks
are equity securities, generally carry a higher degree of market risk than debt
obligations, and often may be regarded as speculative in nature. The Portfolio
may also invest in enhanced convertible securities which may provide higher
dividend income but which may carry additional risks, including reduced
liquidity. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS" and "INVESTMENT METHODS AND
RISKS."
CREDIT QUALITY AND DEFAULTED DEBT OBLIGATIONS. The Portfolio may invest up to
25% of its assets in debt obligations rated below BBB or lower by S&P or Baa by
Moody's, or in unrated debt obligations of comparable quality as determined by
the Manager. Such securities, sometimes called "junk bonds," are regarded as
predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer's capacity to pay interest
and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation and
therefore, involve special risks. Debt obligations rated D by S&P are in default
and may be considered speculative. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, LOWER
RATED DEBT OBLIGATIONS" and the APPENDIX.
RISKS AND OTHER CONSIDERATIONS RELATED TO NON-DIVERSIFICATION. The Portfolio is
non-diversified under federal securities laws, but is still subject to the
diversification requirements under the federal tax code and the 25% limit on
concentration of investments in a single industry. Because the Portfolio is
non-diversified and may concentrate its investments in a smaller number of
issuers, and because economic, political or regulatory developments may have a
greater impact on the Portfolio, the value of the Portfolio's shares may
fluctuate more widely than those of a diversified portfolio. SEE "INVESTMENT
METHODS AND RISKS."
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES. The Portfolio may also sell short securities it does
not own up to 5% of its assets. Short sales have risks of loss if the price of
the security sold short increases after the sale, but the Portfolio can profit
if the price decreases. The Portfolio may also sell securities "short against
the box" (i.e., securities which the Portfolio owns or has the immediate and
unconditional right to acquire at no additional cost) without limit. See the SAI
for further details concerning short sales. Under the policies discussed in
"INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS," "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS," and in the
SAI, the Portfolio may also loan its portfolio securities; invest in zero coupon
securities, pay-in-kind bonds, structured notes, mortgage-backed and
asset-backed securities; purchase loan participations and trade claims both of
which carry a high degree of risk; purchase and sell exchange-listed and
over-the-counter put and call options on securities and financial indices;
purchase and sell futures contracts or related options with respect to
securities and indices; invest in restricted or illiquid securities; and engage
in other activities specifically identified for this Portfolio.
PORTFOLIOS SEEKING CAPITAL GROWTH
CAPITAL GROWTH FUND
The primary investment objective of the Capital Growth Fund is capital
appreciation. Current income is only a secondary consideration in selecting
portfolio securities.
Under normal market conditions, the Portfolio will invest primarily (at least
65% of assets) in equity securities, including common and preferred stocks, or
securities convertible into common stocks, which are believed to offer favorable
possibilities for capital appreciation, but some of which may yield little or no
current income. The Portfolio's assets may be invested in shares of common or
capital stock traded on any national securities exchange or over-the-counter,
and in convertible securities. The Portfolio may also keep a significant portion
of its assets in cash from time to time. Stocks and other equity securities
representing ownership interests in corporations have historically outperformed
other asset classes over the long term, but have tended to fluctuate more
dramatically over the short term. The Manager seeks to address such risks
through extensive research and emphasis on more globally-competitive companies.
The Manager will generally make long-term investments in equity securities which
have been selected based upon fundamental and quantitative analysis. Following
these policies, the Portfolio will typically invest predominantly in equity
securities issued by large-cap or mid-cap U.S. companies, which have market
capitalizations of $1 billion or more. It may also invest to a lesser degree in
smaller capitalization companies, which may be subject to different and greater
risks, but there is no present intention of investing more than 20% of the
Portfolio's assets in such securities. SEE "INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND RISKS,
SMALL CAPITALIZATION ISSUERS."
TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES. Consistent with its investment objective, the Portfolio
expects to have a portion of its assets invested in securities of companies
involved in computing technologies or computing technology-related companies.
The technology sector as a whole has historically been volatile, and issues from
this sector tend to be subject to abrupt or erratic price movements.
FOREIGN SECURITIES. As an operating policy, the Portfolio currently intends to
invest no more than 15% of its assets in foreign securities, including
Depositary Receipts and those of developing markets issuers. The Portfolio's
investments in foreign securities involve risks related to currency fluctuations
and political uncertainty. Investments in foreign developing markets involve
heightened risks related to the smaller size and lesser liquidity of these
markets. INVESTMENTS IN FOREIGN SECURITIES, PARTICULARLY IN DEVELOPING MARKETS,
INVOLVE SPECIAL AND ADDITIONAL RISKS. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS,
FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS" and the SAI.
OTHER INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio currently intends to invest no more than 5% of
its assets in debt obligations, including convertible debt obligations, rated Ba
or lower by Moody's or BB or lower by S&P, or unrated securities determined by
the Manager to be of comparable quality. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS,
LOWER RATED DEBT OBLIGATIONS," "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS, DEBT OBLIGATIONS,"
AND THE APPENDIX. The Portfolio may invest in convertible preferred stocks,
which are equity securities, generally carry a higher degree of market risk than
debt obligations, and often may be regarded as speculative in nature. SEE
"HIGHLIGHTED CONSIDERATIONS" and "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS." Under the
policies discussed in "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS" and in the SAI, the
Portfolio may also write covered call options; purchase put options on
securities; loan its portfolio securities; enter into repurchase transactions;
invest in restricted or illiquid securities; and engage in other activities
specifically identified for this Portfolio.
MUTUAL DISCOVERY SECURITIES FUND
The investment objective of the Mutual Discovery Securities Fund is capital
appreciation.
PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS. Under normal market conditions, the Portfolio invests in
domestic and foreign equity securities, including common and preferred stocks
and securities convertible into common stocks, as well as debt obligations of
any quality. Debt obligations may include securities or indebtedness issued by
corporations or governments in any form, including notes, bonds, or debentures,
as well as distressed mortgage obligations and other debt secured by real
property. The Manager has no pre-set limits as to the percentages which may be
invested in equity securities, debt securities or Money Market Instruments. The
Portfolio can invest in securities from any size issuer, and may from time to
time invest a substantial portion of its assets in securities of smaller
capitalization issuers, which have market capitalizations of less than $1
billion. Securities of foreign or small cap issuers may be subject to different
and greater risks, as discussed below. The Portfolio may invest in securities
that are traded on U.S. or foreign exchanges, NASDAQ national market or in the
over-the-counter market. It may invest in any industry sector, although it will
not concentrate in any one industry. From time to time, the Portfolio may hold
significant cash positions until suitable investment opportunities are
available, consistent with its policy on temporary investments.
The Portfolio also seeks to invest in securities of domestic and foreign
companies involved in mergers, consolidations, liquidations and reorganizations
or as to which there exist tender or exchange offers, and may participate in
such transactions. The Portfolio does not presently anticipate investing more
than 50% of its assets in such investments, but is not restricted to that
amount. There can be no assurance that any such transaction proposed at the time
of the Portfolio's investment will be consummated or will be consummated on the
terms and within the time period contemplated. The Portfolio may also invest in
other forms of secured or unsecured indebtedness or participations
("Indebtedness"), including without limitation loan participations and trade
claims, of debtor companies involved in reorganization or financial
restructuring, some of which may have very long maturities. Some of the
Indebtedness is illiquid.
SELECTION OF PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio's general policy is to invest
in securities which, in the opinion of its Manager, are available at prices less
than their intrinsic values. The Manager's opinions are based upon analysis and
research, taking into account, among other factors, the relationship of book
value to market value of the securities, cash flow, and multiples of earnings of
comparable securities. These factors are not applied formulaically, as the
Manager examines each security separately; the Manager has no general criteria
as to asset size, earnings or industry type which would make a security
unsuitable for purchase by the Portfolio.
The Portfolio generally purchases securities for investment purposes and not for
the purpose of influencing or controlling management of the issuer. However, in
certain circumstances when the Manager perceives that the Portfolio may benefit,
the Manager may itself seek to influence or control management or may cause the
Portfolio to invest in other entities that purchase securities for the purpose
of influencing or controlling management, such as investing in a potential
takeover or leveraged buyout or investing in other entities engaged in such
practices.
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio may purchase securities in any foreign
country, developed or undeveloped, and currently expects to invest up to 50% or
more of its assets in foreign securities, including sponsored or unsponsored
Depositary Receipts. The Portfolio presently does not intend to invest more than
5% of its assets in securities of developing markets including Eastern European
countries and Russia. Foreign investments may include both voting and non-voting
securities, sovereign debt and participation in foreign government deals. The
Portfolio's investments in foreign securities involve risks related to currency
fluctuations, market volatility, and economic, social, and political uncertainty
that are different from investing in similar domestic securities. Investments in
foreign developing markets involve heightened risks related to the smaller size
and lesser liquidity of those markets. INVESTORS SHOULD CONSIDER CAREFULLY THE
SUBSTANTIAL RISKS INVOLVED IN INVESTING IN FOREIGN SECURITIES, RISKS THAT ARE
HEIGHTENED IN DEVELOPING MARKETS. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN
TRANSACTIONS" BELOW AND IN THE SAI.
CURRENCY TECHNIQUES. The Portfolio generally expects to hedge against currency
risks to the extent that hedging is available. Currency hedging techniques may
include investments in foreign currency futures contracts, options on foreign
currencies or currency futures, forward foreign currency exchange contracts
("forward contracts") and currency swaps, all of which involve specialized
risks. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS."
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH SMALL CAP INVESTMENTS. Securities of smaller companies,
particularly if they are unseasoned, present greater risks than securities of
larger, more established companies. The smaller companies in which the Portfolio
may invest are often not well known, may often trade at a discount and may not
be followed by institutions. The companies may have relatively small revenues,
limited product lines, and a small share of the market for their products or
services. Small cap companies may lack depth of management, they may be unable
to internally generate funds necessary for growth or potential development or to
generate such funds through external financing on favorable terms, or they may
be developing or marketing new products or services for which markets are not
yet established and may never become established. Due to these and other
factors, small cap companies may suffer significant losses as well as realize
substantial growth, and investments in such companies tend to be more volatile
and are therefore speculative. Besides exhibiting greater volatility, the prices
of small cap company stocks may fluctuate independently of larger company
stocks. SEE "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS."
CREDIT QUALITY. Debt obligations (including Indebtedness) in which the Portfolio
invests may be rated or unrated and, if rated, ratings may range from the very
highest to the very lowest categories (currently C for Moody's and D for S&P).
Medium and lower-rated debt obligations are commonly referred to as "junk
bonds." In general, it will invest in these instruments for the same reasons
underlying its investments in equity securities, i.e., that the instruments are
available, in the Manager's opinion, at prices less than their intrinsic values.
Consequently, the Manager's own analysis of a debt instrument exercises a
greater influence over the investment decision than the stated coupon rate or
credit rating. The Portfolio expects to invest in debt obligations issued by
reorganizing or restructuring companies, or companies which recently emerged
from, or are facing the prospect of, a financial restructuring. It is under
these circumstances, which usually involve unrated or low rated securities that
are often in, or are about to, default, that the Manager seeks to identify
securities which are sometimes available at prices which it believes are less
than their intrinsic values. The purchase of Indebtedness of a troubled company
always involves a risk as to the creditworthiness of the issuer and the
possibility that the investment may be lost. However, the debt securities of
reorganizing or restructuring companies typically rank senior to the equity
securities of such companies.
Higher yields are generally available from securities in the higher risk, lower
rating categories of S&P or Moody's. However, the values of lower rated
securities generally fluctuate more than those of higher rated securities and
involve greater risk of loss of income and principal. Moreover, securities rated
BB or lower by S&P or Ba or lower by Moody's are predominantly speculative with
respect to the issuer's ability to pay principal and interest and may be in
default. These securities may also be less liquid than higher rated securities,
or have no established markets, thereby increasing the degree to which judgment
plays a role in valuing such securities. BECAUSE OF THE PORTFOLIO'S POLICY OF
INVESTING IN LOWER-RATED OR UNRATED, HIGHER RISK DEBT OBLIGATIONS, AN INVESTMENT
IN THE PORTFOLIO IS ACCOMPANIED BY A HIGHER DEGREE OF RISK THAN IS PRESENT WITH
AN INVESTMENT IN HIGHER RATED OBLIGATIONS. ACCORDINGLY, INVESTORS CONSIDERING
THE PORTFOLIO SHOULD EVALUATE THEIR OVERALL INVESTMENT GOALS AND TOLERANCE FOR
RISK. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, LOWER RATED DEBT OBLIGATIONS" and
the APPENDIX.
DEFAULTED DEBT OBLIGATIONS. The Portfolio may invest without limit in defaulted
debt obligations, subject to the Portfolio's restriction on investments in
illiquid securities. Defaulted debt obligations may be considered speculative.
See the discussion above under "Credit Quality" for the circumstances under
which the Portfolio generally invests in defaulted debt obligations.
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES. While the Portfolio may not purchase securities of
registered open-end investment companies or affiliated investment companies, it
may invest from time to time in other investment company securities subject to
the limitation that it will not purchase more than 3% of the voting securities
of another investment company. In addition, the Portfolio will not invest more
than 5% of its assets in the securities of any single investment company and
will not invest more than 10% of its assets in investment company securities.
Investors should recognize that an investment in the securities of such
investment companies results in layering of expenses such that investors
indirectly bear a proportionate share of the expenses of such investment
companies, including operating costs, and investment advisory and administrative
fees. The Portfolio may also sell short securities it does not own up to 5% of
its assets. Short sales have risks of loss if the price of the security sold
short increases after the sale, but the Portfolio can profit if the price
decreases. The Portfolio may also sell securities "short against the box" (i.e.,
securities which the Portfolio owns or has the immediate and unconditional right
to acquire at no additional cost) without limit. See the SAI for further details
concerning short sales.
Under the policies discussed in "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS," "HIGHLIGHTED
RISK CONSIDERATIONS," and in the SAI, the Portfolio may also loan its portfolio
securities; enter into repurchase transactions; purchase securities and debt
obligations on a "when-issued" or "delayed delivery" basis; invest in restricted
or illiquid securities; purchase and sell exchange-listed and over-the-counter
put and call options on securities, equity and fixed-income indices and other
financial instruments; purchase and sell financial futures contracts and options
thereon; and engage in other activities specifically identified for this
Portfolio.
SMALL CAP FUND
The investment objective of the Small Cap Fund is long-term capital growth. The
Portfolio seeks to accomplish its objective by investing primarily in equity
securities of small capitalization growth companies. Investments in small
capitalization companies may involve greater risks and greater volatility than
investments in larger and more established companies.
PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS. Under normal market conditions, the Portfolio will invest
at least 65% of its assets in equity securities of small capitalization growth
companies ("small cap companies"). A small cap company generally has a market
capitalization of less than $1 billion at the time of the Portfolio's investment
and, in the opinion of the Portfolio's Manager, is positioned for rapid growth
in revenues, earnings or assets. Market capitalization is defined as the total
market value of a company's outstanding common stock. The securities of small
cap companies are traded on U.S. or foreign stock exchanges and
over-the-counter. As an operating policy the Portfolio will not invest more than
10% of its assets in securities issued by companies with less than three years
of continuous operation.
The Portfolio seeks to invest at least one-third of its assets in equity
securities of companies with market capitalizations of $550 million or less;
there is no assurance, however, that the Portfolio will always be able to find
suitable companies to include in this one-third portion. The Manager will
monitor the availability of securities suitable for investment by the Portfolio
and recommend appropriate action to the Board of Trustees if it appears that
this goal will not be attainable under the Portfolio's current objective and
other policies.
Equity securities of small cap companies may consist of common stock, preferred
stock, warrants for the purchase of common stock, and convertible securities.
The Portfolio currently does not intend to invest more than 10% of its assets in
convertible securities, which are discussed below in "Investment Methods and
Risks, Convertible Securities."
SELECTION OF PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio has been designed to provide
investors with potentially greater long-term rewards by investing in securities
of small cap companies which may offer the potential for significant capital
appreciation since they may be overlooked by investors or undervalued in
relation to their earnings power. Small cap companies generally are not as well
known to the investing public and have less of an investor following than larger
companies, and therefore may provide greater opportunities for long-term capital
growth as a result of relative inefficiencies in the marketplace. Such companies
may be undervalued because they are part of an industry that is out of favor
with investors, although the individual companies may have high rates of earning
growth and be financially sound. Selection of small cap company equity
securities for the Portfolio will be based on characteristics such as the
financial strength of the company, the expertise of management, the growth
potential of the company within its industry and the growth potential of the
industry itself. Small cap companies often pay no dividends, and current income
is not a factor in the selection of stocks. The Manager uses a disciplined
approach to stock selection, blending fundamental and quantitative analysis.
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH SMALL CAP INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio will primarily invest
in relatively new or unseasoned companies which are in their early stages of
development, or small cap companies positioned in new and emerging industries
where the opportunity for rapid growth is expected to be above average.
Securities of smaller or unseasoned companies present greater risks than
securities of larger, more established companies. The companies may have
relatively small revenues, limited product lines, and may have a small share of
the market for their products or services. Small cap companies may lack depth of
management, they may be unable to internally generate funds necessary for growth
or potential development or to generate such funds through external financing on
favorable terms, or they may be developing or marketing new products or services
for which markets are not yet established and may never become established. Due
to these and other factors, small cap companies may suffer significant losses as
well as realize substantial growth, and investments in such companies tend to be
more volatile and are therefore speculative. Besides exhibiting greater
volatility, the prices of small cap company stocks may, to a degree, fluctuate
independently of larger company stocks. SEE "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS, SMALL
CAPITALIZATION ISSUERS." THE PORTFOLIO MAY NOT BE APPROPRIATE FOR SHORT-TERM
INVESTORS, AND AN INVESTMENT IN THE PORTFOLIO SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED A
COMPLETE INVESTMENT PROGRAM.
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS. Although the Portfolio may invest up to 25% of its assets
in foreign securities, including those of developing markets issuers and
sponsored or unsponsored Depositary Receipts, it currently has no intention of
investing more than 15%. The Portfolio presently does not intend to invest more
than 5% of its assets in developing markets securities. The Portfolio's
investments in foreign securities involve risks related to currency
fluctuations, market volatility, and economic, social, and political uncertainty
that are different from investing in similar domestic securities. INVESTMENTS IN
FOREIGN SECURITIES, PARTICULARLY IN DEVELOPING MARKETS, INVOLVE SPECIAL AND
ADDITIONAL RISKS. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS"
below and in the SAI.
OTHER INVESTMENTS. Although the Portfolio's assets will be invested primarily in
equity securities of small cap companies, the Portfolio may invest up to 35% of
its assets in other instruments, which may cause its performance to vary from
that of the small capitalization equity markets. The Portfolio may invest in
equity securities of larger capitalization companies which the Portfolio's
Manager believes have strong growth potential, or in equity securities of
relatively well-known, larger companies in mature industries which the Manager
believes have the potential for capital appreciation.
The Portfolio may also invest in debt securities which the Manager believes have
the potential for capital appreciation as a result of improvement in the
creditworthiness of the issuer. The receipt of income is incidental to the
Portfolio's objective of capital growth. The Portfolio may invest in debt
securities rated B or above by Moody's or S&P, or in unrated securities the
Manager has determined are of comparable quality. Currently, however, the
Portfolio does not intend to invest more than 5% of its assets in debt
obligations (including convertible debt securities) rated lower than BBB by S&P
or Baa by Moody's or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable
quality. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, LOWER RATED DEBT OBLIGATIONS,"
"INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS, DEBT OBLIGATIONS," and the APPENDIX.
The Portfolio currently does not intend to invest more than 10% of its assets in
real estate investment trusts ("REITs"), which are described in "Real Estate
Securities Fund," above, including small capitalization REITs.
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES. Under the policies discussed in "INVESTMENT METHODS
AND RISKS," "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS," and the SAI, the Portfolio may
also write covered put and call options on securities or financial indices;
purchase put and call options on securities or financial indices; purchase and
sell futures contracts or related options with respect to securities, indices
and currencies; invest in restricted or illiquid securities; lend portfolio
securities; borrow money; enter into repurchase or reverse repurchase
agreements; and engage in other activities specifically identified for this
Portfolio.
TEMPLETON DEVELOPING MARKETS EQUITY FUND
The investment objective of the Templeton Developing Markets Equity Fund is
long-term capital appreciation.
The Portfolio seeks to achieve this objective by investing primarily in equity
securities of issuers in countries having developing markets as defined under
"Highlighted Risk Considerations, Foreign Transactions." It is currently
expected that under normal conditions at least 65% of the Portfolio's assets
will be invested in such securities. The Portfolio will at all times, except
during defensive periods, maintain investments in at least three countries
having developing markets. The Portfolio has the right to purchase securities in
any foreign country, developed or developing. However, as a non-fundamental
policy, the Portfolio will limit its investments in securities of Russian
issuers to 5% of assets. Investments in foreign developing markets, including
certain Eastern European countries and Russia, involve heightened risks related
to the small size and lesser liquidity of these markets. These developing
markets risks are in addition to the special risks associated with foreign
investing, including currency fluctuations, market volatility, and economic,
social, and political uncertainty. AN INVESTMENT IN THE PORTFOLIO MAY BE
CONSIDERED SPECULATIVE, AND MAY NOT BE APPROPRIATE FOR SHORT-TERM INVESTORS.
INVESTORS SHOULD CONSIDER CAREFULLY THE SUBSTANTIAL AND HEIGHTENED RISKS
INVOLVED IN INVESTING IN FOREIGN DEVELOPING MARKETS SECURITIES. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED
RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS" and the SAI. From time to time, the
Portfolio may hold significant cash positions until suitable investment
opportunities are available, consistent with its policy on temporary
investments.
Investments in Developing Markets. "Developing market equity securities" for
purposes of the Portfolio means any of the following: (i) equity securities of
companies the principal securities trading market for which is a developing
market country, (ii) equity securities, traded in any market, of companies that
derive 50% or more of their total revenue from either goods or services produced
in such developing market countries or sales made in such developing market
countries, or (iii) equity securities of companies organized under the laws of,
and with a principal office in, a developing market country. "Equity securities"
refers to common stock, preferred stock, warrants or rights to subscribe to or
purchase such securities and sponsored or unsponsored Depositary Receipts such
as American Depositary Receipts, European Depositary Receipts, and Global
Depositary Receipts. Determinations as to eligibility will be made by the
Investment Manager based on publicly available information and inquiries to the
companies. Depositary Receipts may not necessarily be denominated in the same
currency as the underlying securities into which they may be converted and they
involve the risks of other investments in foreign securities, as discussed in
"HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS."
The Portfolio seeks to benefit from economic and other developments in
developing markets. The investment objective of the Portfolio reflects the
belief that investment opportunities may result from an evolving long-term
international trend favoring more market-oriented economies, a trend that may
especially benefit certain countries having developing markets. This trend may
be facilitated by local or international political, economic or financial
developments that could benefit the capital markets of such countries. Certain
such countries, particularly the emerging market countries which may be in the
process of developing more market-oriented economies, may experience relatively
high rates of economic growth. Other countries, although having relatively
mature developing markets, may also be in a position to benefit from local or
international developments encouraging greater market orientation and
diminishing governmental intervention in economic affairs.
OTHER INVESTMENTS. For capital appreciation, the Portfolio may invest up to 35%
of its assets in fixed-income debt obligations (defined as bonds, notes,
debentures, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, time deposits and
bankers' acceptances) which are rated at least C by Moody's or S&P or unrated
debt obligations deemed to be of comparable quality by the Manager. SEE
"HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, LOWER RATED DEBT OBLIGATIONS." As a current
policy established by the Board of Trustees, however, the Portfolio will not
invest more than 5% of its assets in debt obligations rated BBB or lower by S&P
or Baa or lower by Moody's (the lowest category of "investment grade" rating).
The Board of Trustees may consider an increase in the above percentages if
economic conditions change such that a higher level of investment in high risk,
lower quality debt obligations would be consistent with the interests of the
Portfolio and its shareholders.
Certain debt obligations can provide the potential for capital appreciation
based on various factors such as changes in interest rates, economic and market
conditions, improvement in an issuer's ability to repay principal and pay
interest, and ratings upgrades. Additionally, convertible bonds offer the
potential for capital appreciation through the conversion feature, which enables
the holder of the bond to benefit from increases in the market price of the
securities into which they are convertible.
DEFAULTED DEBT OBLIGATIONS. As a fundamental policy the Portfolio may invest up
to 10% of its assets in defaulted debt obligations which may be considered
speculative.
CURRENCY TECHNIQUES. The Portfolio may, but with respect to equity securities
does not currently intend, to employ certain active currency hedging techniques.
Such techniques may include investments in foreign currency futures contracts,
forward foreign currency exchange contracts ("forward contracts"), and options
on foreign currencies, all of which involve specialized risks. Further, the
Portfolio will not enter into forward contracts if, as a result, the Portfolio
will have more than 20% of its assets committed to the consummation of such
contracts. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS."
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES. The Portfolio may invest up to 10% of its assets in
securities of closed end investment companies to facilitate foreign investment.
Under the policies discussed in "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS," "INVESTMENT
METHODS AND RISKS" and the SAI, the Portfolio may also loan its portfolio
securities; engage in repurchase transactions; borrow money for investment
purposes; for hedging purposes only, enter into transactions in options on
securities and securities indices and futures contracts and related options;
purchase convertible securities and warrants; invest in restricted or illiquid
securities; and engage in other activities specifically identified for this
Portfolio. The Portfolio may not commit more than 5% of its assets to initial
margin deposits on futures contracts and related options, and the value of the
underlying securities on which futures contracts will be written at any one time
will not exceed 25% of the assets of the Portfolio. Presently, some of the above
strategies cannot be used to a significant extent by the Portfolio in the
markets in which the Portfolio will principally invest.
TEMPLETON GLOBAL GROWTH FUND
The Templeton Global Growth Fund's investment objective is long-term capital
growth; any income realized will be incidental.
PRINCIPAL PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio seeks to achieve its objective
through a flexible policy of investing in stocks and debt obligations of
companies and governments of any nation. The Portfolio has the right to purchase
securities in any foreign country, developed or emerging. However, as a
non-fundamental policy, the Portfolio will limit its investments in securities
of Russian issuers to 5% of assets. Although the Portfolio generally invests in
common stock, it may also invest in preferred stocks and certain debt
obligations, rated or unrated, such as convertible bonds and bonds selling at a
discount. The Portfolio may, from time to time, hold significant cash positions
until suitable investment opportunities are available, consistent with its
policy on temporary investments.
Following these policies, the Portfolio will typically invest predominantly in
equity securities issued by large-cap or mid-cap companies, which have market
capitalizations of $1 billion or more. It may also invest to a lesser degree in
smaller capitalization companies, which are subject to different and greater
risks. SEE COMMON INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND RISKS, SMALL CAPITALIZATION
ISSUERS."
Investments in foreign securities involve risks related to currency
fluctuations, market volatility, and economic, social, and political uncertainty
that are different from investing in similar obligations of domestic entities.
Investments in foreign developing markets including certain Eastern European
countries and Russia, involve heightened risks related to the smaller size and
lesser liquidity of these markets. INVESTORS SHOULD CONSIDER CAREFULLY THE
SUBSTANTIAL RISKS INVOLVED IN INVESTING IN FOREIGN SECURITIES, RISKS THAT ARE
HEIGHTENED FOR INVESTMENTS IN DEVELOPING MARKETS. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK
CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS."
OTHER INVESTMENTS. For capital appreciation, the Portfolio may invest in debt
obligations (defined as bonds, notes, debentures, commercial paper, certificates
of deposit, time deposits and bankers' acceptances) which are rated at least C
by Moody's or S&P or unrated debt obligations deemed to be of comparable quality
by the Manager. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, LOWER RATED DEBT
OBLIGATIONS" and the APPENDIX. As a policy established by the Board of Trustees,
however, the Portfolio will not invest more than 5% of its assets in debt
obligations rated BBB or lower by S&P or Baa or lower by Moody's. The Board of
Trustees may consider a change if economic conditions change such that a higher
level of investment in high risk, lower quality debt obligations would be
consistent with the objective of the Portfolio.
These debt obligations can provide the potential for capital appreciation based
on various factors such as changes in interest rates, economic and market
conditions, improvement in an issuer's ability to repay principal and pay
interest, and ratings upgrades. Additionally, convertible bonds offer the
potential for capital appreciation through the conversion feature, which enables
the holder of the bond to benefit from increases in the market price of the
securities into which they are convertible.
DEFAULTED DEBT OBLIGATIONS. As a fundamental policy, the Portfolio may invest up
to 10% of its assets in defaulted debt obligations which may be considered
speculative.
CURRENCY TECHNIQUES. The Portfolio may, but with respect to equity securities
does not currently intend, employ certain active currency hedging techniques.
Such techniques may include investments in foreign currency futures contracts,
forward foreign currency exchange contracts ("forward contracts"), and options
on foreign currencies, all of which involve specialized risks. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED
RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS."
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES. The Portfolio may also purchase and sell stock index
futures contracts up to an aggregate amount not exceeding 20% of its assets and
may not at any time commit more than 5% of its assets to initial margin deposits
on futures contracts. In addition, in order to increase its return or to hedge
all or a portion of its portfolio investments, the Portfolio may purchase and
sell put and call options on securities indices. These specialized investment
techniques involve additional risks as described in "COMMON INVESTMENT METHODS
AND RISKS" and the SAI.
The Portfolio may invest up to 5% of its assets in securities issued by any one
company or foreign government, exclusive of U.S. Government Securities. The
Portfolio may invest up to 5% of its assets in warrants (exclusive of warrants
acquired in units or attached to securities) and up to 10% of its assets in
securities with a limited trading market, i.e., "illiquid securities." Under the
policies discussed in "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS," "HIGHLIGHTED RISK
CONSIDERATIONS," and in the SAI, the Portfolio may also enter into repurchase
agreements, lend its portfolio securities, invest in restricted securities, and
engage in other activities specifically identified for this Portfolio.
TEMPLETON INTERNATIONAL EQUITY FUND
The investment objective of the Templeton International Equity Fund is to seek
long-term growth of capital.
PRINCIPAL PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS. Under normal conditions, the Portfolio will
invest at least 65% of its assets in an internationally diversified portfolio of
equity securities consisting of common and preferred stock, securities (bonds or
preferred stock) convertible into common stock, warrants and securities
representing underlying international securities such as ADRs and EDRs ("Equity
Securities").
Such Equity Securities purchased by the Portfolio will trade on markets in
countries other than the U.S. and be issued by (i) companies domiciled in
countries other than the U.S., or (ii) companies that derive at least 50% of
either their revenues or pre-tax income from activities outside of the U.S.
Thus, it is possible, although not anticipated, that up to 35% of the
Portfolio's assets could be invested in U.S. companies.
In selecting portfolio securities, the Portfolio attempts to take advantage of
the difference between economic trends and the anticipated performance of
securities and securities markets in various countries. The Portfolio may, from
time to time, hold significant cash positions until suitable investment
opportunities are available, consistent with its policy on temporary
investments. Following these policies, the Portfolio will typically invest
predominantly in equity securities issued by large-cap or mid-cap U.S.
companies, which have market capitalizations of $1 billion or more. It may also
invest to a lesser degree in smaller capitalization companies, which are subject
to different and greater risks. SEE "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS, SMALL
CAPITALIZATION ISSUERS."
The Portfolio has the right to purchase securities in any foreign country,
developed or emerging. Normally, the Portfolio will invest at least 65% of its
assets in securities traded in at least three foreign countries. As a
non-fundamental policy, the Portfolio will limit its investments in securities
of Russian issuers to 5% of assets. The Portfolio's investments in foreign
securities involve risks related to currency fluctuations, market volatility,
and economic, social, and political uncertainty that are different from
investing in similar obligations of domestic entities. Investments in foreign
developing markets including certain Eastern European countries and Russia,
involve heightened risks related to the smaller size and lesser liquidity of
these markets. INVESTORS SHOULD CONSIDER CAREFULLY THE SUBSTANTIAL RISKS
INVOLVED IN INVESTING IN FOREIGN SECURITIES, RISKS THAT ARE HEIGHTENED FOR
INVESTMENTS IN DEVELOPING MARKETS. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN
TRANSACTIONS."
OTHER INVESTMENTS. Up to 35% of the Portfolio's assets may be invested in debt
obligations of which up to 10% may be debt obligations rated Ba or lower by
Moody's or BB or lower by S&P or that are not rated but determined by the
Manager to be of comparable quality. Lower rated obligations (commonly referred
to as "junk bonds") are considered by the rating agencies to have increased
risks related to the creditworthiness of their issuers. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK
CONSIDERATIONS, LOWER RATED DEBT OBLIGATIONS" and the APPENDIX. The balance may
be invested in debt obligations rated Baa or better by Moody's, or BBB or better
by S&P or that are not rated but determined by the Manager to be of comparable
quality.
The Portfolio may seek capital appreciation by investing in such debt
obligations which would occur through changes in relative foreign currency
exchange rates, changes in relative interest rates or improvement in the
creditworthiness of an issuer. These debt obligations may consist of U.S. and
foreign government securities and corporate debt obligations, including Yankee
bonds, Eurobonds, and Depositary Receipts. SEE "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS."
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES. The Portfolio may invest up to 10% of its net assets
in illiquid securities. The Portfolio may also invest up to 10% of its net
assets in warrants, including such warrants that are not listed on an exchange.
Under the policies discussed in "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS," "HIGHLIGHTED
RISK CONSIDERATIONS," and in the SAI, the Portfolio may also write covered call
and put options on securities, purchase call and put options on securities, buy
puts and write calls in "forward conversion" transactions, engage in "spread"
and "straddle" transactions, purchase and write call and put options on stock
indices, enter into contracts for the purchase or sale for future delivery of
U.S. Treasury or foreign securities or futures contracts based upon financial
indices, purchase and sell interest rate futures contracts and related options,
purchase and sell stock index futures contracts and related options, lend its
portfolio securities, engage in repurchase agreements, invest in enhanced
convertible securities, and engage in other activities specifically identified
for this Portfolio.
TEMPLETON INTERNATIONAL SMALLER COMPANIES FUND
The investment objective of the Templeton International Smaller Companies Fund
is to seek long-term capital appreciation. The Portfolio seeks to achieve this
objective by investing primarily in equity securities of smaller companies
outside the U.S., including developing markets countries.
PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS. Under normal market conditions, the Portfolio expects to
invest at least 65% of its assets in equity securities of companies of any
foreign nation (including developing markets nations) whose market
capitalizations do not exceed $1 billion at the time of purchase, generally
considered "small cap companies." The Portfolio may, from time to time, hold
significant cash positions until suitable investment opportunities are
available, consistent with its policy on temporary investments. The Manager
believes that international small cap companies may provide attractive
investment opportunities, because these securities make up most of the world's
equity securities and because they are frequently overlooked by investors or
undervalued in relation to their perceived earning power. In addition, such
securities may provide investors with the opportunity to increase the
diversification of their overall investment portfolios, because these
securities' market performance may differ from that of U.S. small cap stocks and
from that of large-cap stocks of any nation. Equity securities of small cap
companies may include common stock, preferred stock, warrants for the purchase
of common stock, and convertible securities. SEE "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS,
CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES."
RISK FACTORS. Securities of smaller companies, particularly if they are
unseasoned, present greater risks than securities of larger, more established
companies. The companies may have relatively small revenues, limited product
lines, and a small share of the market for their products or services. Small cap
companies may lack depth of management, they may be unable to internally
generate funds necessary for growth or potential development or to generate such
funds through external financing on favorable terms, or they may be developing
or marketing new products or services for which markets are not yet established
and may never become established. Due to these and other factors, small cap
companies may suffer significant losses as well as realize substantial growth,
and investments in such companies tend to be more volatile and are therefore
speculative. Besides exhibiting greater volatility, small cap company stocks may
fluctuate independently of larger company stocks. As an operating policy, the
Portfolio will not invest more than 10% of its assets in securities of companies
with less than three years of continuous operation. SEE "INVESTMENT METHODS AND
RISKS." THE PORTFOLIO MAY NOT BE APPROPRIATE FOR SHORT-TERM INVESTORS, AND AN
INVESTMENT IN THE PORTFOLIO SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED A COMPLETE INVESTMENT
PROGRAM.
The Portfolio has the right to purchase securities in any foreign country,
developed or emerging. However, as a non-fundamental policy, the Portfolio will
limit its investments in securities of Russian issuers to 5% of assets. The
Portfolio's investments in foreign securities, especially those in developing
markets, involve risks related to currency fluctuations, market volatility, and
economic, social, and political uncertainty that are different from investing in
similar obligations of domestic entities. Investments in foreign developing
markets, including certain Eastern European countries and Russia, involve
heightened risks related to the small size and lesser liquidity of these
markets. INVESTORS SHOULD CONSIDER CAREFULLY THE SUBSTANTIAL RISKS INVOLVED IN
INVESTING IN FOREIGN SECURITIES, RISKS THAT ARE HEIGHTENED FOR INVESTMENTS IN
DEVELOPING MARKETS. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS."
OTHER INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio may invest up to 35% of its assets in: equity
securities of larger capitalization issuers outside the U.S.; equity securities
of larger or smaller capitalization issuers within the U.S., although such
investments are not currently expected to exceed 5% of assets; or debt
obligations issued by companies or governments in any nation which are rated at
least C by Moody's or S&P or unrated debt obligations deemed to be of comparable
quality by the Manager. As a current policy, however, the Portfolio will not
invest more than 5% of its assets in debt obligations rated lower than BBB by
S&P or Baa by Moody's. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, LOWER RATED DEBT
OBLIGATIONS." These investments may cause the Portfolio's performance to vary
from those of international smaller capitalization equity markets.
DEFAULTED DEBT OBLIGATIONS. The Portfolio may invest up to 10% of its assets in
defaulted debt obligations, which may be considered speculative.
CURRENCY TECHNIQUES. The Portfolio may, but with respect to equity securities
does not currently intend, to employ certain active currency management
techniques. Such techniques may include investments in foreign currency futures
contracts, forward foreign currency exchange contracts ("forward contracts"),
and options on foreign currencies, all of which involve specialized risks.
Further, the Portfolio will not enter into forward contracts if, as a result,
the Portfolio would have more that 20% of its assets committed to the
consummation of such contracts. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN
TRANSACTIONS" and the SAI.
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES. The Portfolio may invest no more than 5% of its
assets in securities of any one issuer, exclusive of U.S. Government Securities.
The Portfolio may invest up to 5% of its assets in warrants, including such
warrants that are not listed on an exchange. For hedging purposes only, the
Portfolio may enter into: transactions in options on securities, securities
indices, and foreign currencies; forward foreign currency contracts; and futures
contracts and related options. The value of the underlying securities on which
futures contracts will be written at any one time will not exceed 25% of the
assets of the Portfolio. SEE "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS, OPTIONS AND FUTURES
CONTRACTS" and the SAI. Under the policies discussed in "INVESTMENT METHODS AND
RISKS," "HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS," and in the SAI, the Portfolio may
also enter into repurchase agreements, invest in illiquid securities, lend its
portfolio securities, and engage in other activities specifically identified for
this Portfolio.
TEMPLETON PACIFIC GROWTH FUND
The Templeton Pacific Growth Fund seeks to provide long-term growth of capital.
Under normal conditions, the Portfolio will invest at least 65% of its assets in
Equity Securities as defined in the International Equity Fund discussion above
which trade on markets in the Pacific Rim, including developing markets and
which are (i) issued by companies domiciled in the Pacific Rim or (ii) issued by
companies that derive at least 50% of either their revenues or pre-tax income
from activities in the Pacific Rim. For purposes of the Portfolio's 65%
investment policy, the countries in the Pacific Rim include Australia, China,
Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, Pakistan, the
Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Normally, the Portfolio will invest at
least 65% of its assets in securities traded in at least three foreign
countries, including the countries listed herein. The Portfolio may, from time
to time, hold significant cash positions until suitable investment opportunities
are available, consistent with its policy on temporary investments.
Although the Portfolio will not invest more than 25% of its assets in any one
industry or the government of any one country, the Portfolio may invest more
than 25% of its assets in the securities of issuers in one or more countries.
Investors should consider the greater risk of this policy versus the safety that
may come with an investment that involves a wider range of geographic localities
and countries. In addition, the correlation among the Singapore, Malaysia,
Thailand, and Hong Kong markets is very high. Because these markets comprise
such a substantial portion of the Portfolio, the Portfolio has less geographical
diversification than a broad-based international portfolio and thus its
volatility is higher. AN INVESTMENT IN THE PORTFOLIO MAY BE CONSIDERED
SPECULATIVE, AND MAY NOT BE APPROPRIATE FOR SHORT-TERM INVESTORS. INVESTORS
SHOULD CONSIDER CAREFULLY THE SUBSTANTIAL AND HEIGHTENED RISKS INVOLVED IN
INVESTING IN DEVELOPING MARKETS SECURITIES. SEE "HIGHLIGHTED RISK
CONSIDERATIONS, FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS" and the SAI.
OTHER INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio may invest up to 35% of its assets in the
securities of issuers domiciled outside of the Pacific Rim. The investments may
consist of, for example (i) securities of issuers in countries that are not
located in the Pacific Rim but are linked by tradition, economic markets,
cultural similarities or geography to the countries in the Pacific Rim; and (ii)
securities of issuers located elsewhere in the world which have operations in
the Pacific Rim or which stand to benefit from political and economic events in
the Pacific Rim. For example, the Portfolio may invest in a company outside of
the Pacific Rim when the Managers believe at the time of investment that the
value of the company's securities may be enhanced by conditions or developments
in the Pacific Rim even though the company's production facilities are located
outside of the Pacific Rim.
Up to 35% of the Portfolio's assets may be invested in investment grade debt
obligations rated Baa or better by Moody's, or BBB or better by S&P or, if
unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality. However, the
Portfolio's Manager currently does not intend to hold any significant positions
in debt obligations.
The Portfolio may seek capital appreciation by investing in such debt
obligations which would occur through changes in relative foreign currency
exchange rates, changes in relative interest rates or improvement in the
creditworthiness of an issuer. These debt obligations may consist of U.S. and
foreign government securities and corporate debt obligations, including Yankee
bonds, Eurobonds, and Depositary Receipts. The issuers of such debt obligations
may or may not be domiciled in the Pacific Rim. SEE "INVESTMENT METHODS AND
RISKS."
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES. The Portfolio may invest up to 10% of its net assets
in illiquid securities. Currently the Portfolio intends to invest no more than
10% of its net assets in warrants, including such warrants that are not listed
on an exchange. Under the policies discussed in "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS,"
"HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS," and in the SAI, the Portfolio may also write
covered call and put options on securities, purchase called put options on
securities, buy puts and write calls in "forward conversion" transactions,
engage in "spread" and "straddle" transactions, purchase and write call and put
options on stock indices, enter into contracts for the purchase or sale for
future delivery of U.S. Treasury or foreign securities or futures contracts
based upon financial indices, purchase and sell interest rate futures contracts
and related options, purchase and sell stock index futures contracts and related
options, purchase convertible securities, lend its portfolio securities, engage
in repurchase agreements, and engage in other activities specifically identified
for this Portfolio.
HIGHLIGHTED RISK CONSIDERATIONS
FOREIGN TRANSACTIONS
Foreign securities include all of the following, 1) securities of companies
organized outside the U.S. ("foreign issuers"), whether or not publicly traded
in the U.S., 2) securities that are principally traded outside the U.S., 3)
securities denominated in foreign currency ("non-dollar securities").
Investments in foreign securities may offer potential benefits not available
from investments solely in securities of domestic issuers or dollar denominated
securities. Such benefits may include the opportunity to invest in foreign
issuers that appear, in the opinion of the Managers, to offer better opportunity
for long-term capital appreciation or current earnings than investments in
domestic issuers, the opportunity to invest in foreign countries with economic
policies or business cycles different from those of the U.S. and the opportunity
to reduce fluctuations in portfolio value by taking advantage of foreign
securities markets that do not necessarily move in a manner parallel to U.S.
markets.
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS. Investing in non-dollar securities or in the securities
of foreign issuers involves significant risks that are not typically associated
with investing in U.S. dollar denominated securities or in securities of
domestic issuers. These risks, which may involve possible losses, include
political, social or economic instability in the country of the issuer, the
difficulty of predicting international trade patterns, the possibility of the
imposition of exchange controls, expropriation, limits on removal of currency or
other assets, foreign investment controls on daily stock market movements,
nationalization of assets, foreign withholding and income taxation and foreign
trading practices (including higher trading commissions, custodial charges and
delayed settlements). Changes of governmental administrations or of economic or
monetary policies, in the U.S. or abroad, or changed circumstances in dealings
between nations or currency convertibility or exchange rates could result in
investment losses for a Portfolio. In addition, there may be less publicly
available information about a foreign company than about a U.S. domiciled
company. Foreign companies generally are not subject to uniform accounting,
auditing and financial reporting standards comparable to those applicable to
U.S. domestic companies. Further, the Portfolio may encounter difficulties or be
unable to pursue legal remedies and obtain judgments in foreign courts. The
Portfolio may also encounter difficulties or be unable to vote proxies, exercise
shareholder rights, pursue legal remedies and obtain judgments in foreign
courts. There is generally less government supervision and regulation of
business and industry practices, securities exchanges, brokers and listed
companies abroad than in the U.S. This is especially true in developing markets.
There is an increased risk, therefore, of uninsured loss due to lost, stolen, or
counterfeit stock certificates. Confiscatory taxation or diplomatic developments
could also affect investment in those countries. Many debt obligations of
foreign issuers, and especially developing markets issuers, are not rated by
U.S. rating agencies and their selection depends on the Manager's internal
analysis.
Investments in foreign securities where delivery takes place outside the U.S.
will be made in compliance with applicable U.S. and foreign currency
restrictions and other laws limiting the amount and types of foreign
investments.
Many debt obligations of foreign issuers, and especially developing market
issuers, are either (i) rated below investment grade, or (ii) not rated by U.S.
rating agencies so that their selection depends on the Manager's internal
analysis. Foreign debt securities may be subject to greater fluctuations in
price than U.S. corporate obligations or U.S. Government Securities. The markets
on which such securities trade may have less volume and liquidity, and may be
more volatile than securities markets in the U.S. Under certain market
conditions, these investments may be less liquid than U.S. Corporate Obligations
and are certainly less liquid than U.S. Government Securities. Finally, in the
event of a default of any such foreign debt obligations, it may be more
difficult for a Portfolio to obtain or to enforce a judgment against the issuers
of such securities.
Securities which are acquired by a Portfolio outside the U.S. and which are
publicly traded in the U.S. or on a foreign securities exchange or in a foreign
securities market are not considered to be an illiquid asset so long as the
Portfolio acquires and holds the security with the intention of reselling the
security in the foreign trading market, the Portfolio reasonably believes it can
readily dispose of the security for cash in the U.S. or foreign market, and
current market quotations are readily available.
While the Portfolios which may acquire foreign securities intend to acquire
securities of foreign issuers only where there are public trading markets for
such securities (with the exception of the illiquid securities which may be
purchased if so stated in the individual Portfolio section), such investments,
nevertheless, may tend to reduce the liquidity of the Portfolios' investment
securities due to internal problems in such foreign countries or to
deteriorating relations between the U.S. and such countries.
Transaction costs on foreign securities exchanges may be higher than in the
U.S., and foreign securities settlements may, in some instances, be subject to
delays and related administrative uncertainties. The operating expense ratio of
a Portfolio with a significant non-U.S. portfolio can be expected to be higher
than those of Portfolios investing exclusively in domestic securities because of
its additional expenses, such as custodial costs, valuation costs and
communication costs, although they are expected to be similar to expenses of
other investment companies investing in a mix of U.S. securities and securities
of one or more foreign countries.
Brokerage commissions, custodial services, and other costs relating to
investment in foreign markets, including developing markets, are generally
higher than in the U.S. Such markets also have different clearance and
settlement procedures and in certain markets there have been times when
settlements have been unable to keep pace with the volume of securities
transactions, making it difficult to conduct such transactions. Delays in
settlement could result in temporary periods when assets of the Portfolio are
uninvested and no return is earned thereon. The inability of a Portfolio to make
intended security purchases due to settlement problems could cause a Portfolio
to miss attractive investment opportunities. Inability to dispose of a security
due to settlement problems could result either in losses to the Portfolio due to
subsequent declines in value of the security or, if the Portfolio has entered
into a contract to sell the security, could result in possible liability to the
purchaser.
INVESTMENTS IN DEVELOPING MARKETS. These countries are located in the
Asia-Pacific region, Eastern Europe, Central and South America and Africa.
Countries generally considered to have developing markets are all countries that
are considered to be developing or emerging countries by the International Bank
for Reconstruction and Development (more commonly referred to as the World Bank)
and the International Finance Corporation, as well as countries that are
classified by the United Nations or otherwise regarded by their authorities as
developing. Currently, developed countries include, but are not limited to,
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland,
Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
the United Kingdom and the U.S.
The Portfolios investing in developing markets seek to benefit from economic and
other developments in developing markets. Such investments reflect the Managers'
belief that investment opportunities may result from an evolving long-term
international trend favoring more market-oriented economies, a trend that may
especially benefit certain countries having developing markets. This trend may
be facilitated by local or international political, economic or financial
developments that could benefit the capital markets of such countries. Certain
such countries, particularly the emerging market countries which may be in the
process of developing more market-oriented economies, may experience relatively
high rates of economic growth. Other countries, although having relatively
mature developing markets, may also be in a position to benefit from local or
international developments encouraging greater market orientation and
diminishing governmental intervention in economic affairs.
Investments in developing or emerging markets, including certain Eastern
European countries are subject to all of the risks of foreign investing
generally but have additional and heightened risks related to the small size and
lesser liquidity of these markets, making investments in such markets
particularly volatile. While short-term volatility can be disconcerting,
declines of as much as 40% to 50% are not unusual in emerging markets. In fact,
the Hong Kong market has increased 1268% in the last 15 years, but has suffered
five declines of more than 20% during that time. Many smaller Asian markets
suffered severe declines in 1997, including several which fell over 70%.
Among the special risks associated with investment in developing or emerging
markets, including certain Eastern European countries are political or economic
uncertainty. Political and economic structures in many of these countries may be
undergoing significant evolution and rapid development, and such countries may
lack the social, political and economic stability characteristic of more
developed countries. Certain of these countries may have in the past failed to
recognize private property rights and have at times nationalized or expropriated
the assets of private companies. As a result, the risks of foreign investment
generally, including the risks of nationalization or expropriation of assets,
may be heightened. In addition, unanticipated political or social developments
may affect the values of the Portfolios' investments in those countries and the
availability to a Portfolio of additional investments in those countries.
The small size and inexperience of the securities markets in certain of these
countries and the limited volume of trading in securities in those countries may
also make the Portfolios' investments in such countries less liquid and more
volatile than investments in Japan or most Western European countries, and these
Portfolios may be required to establish special custody or other arrangements
before making certain investments in those countries. Russia's system of share
registration and custody creates certain risks of loss (including the risk of
total loss) that are not normally associated with investments in other
securities markets. These risks and other risks associated with the Russian
securities market are discussed more fully in the SAI under "Highlighted Risk
Considerations" and investors should read the section in detail. There may be
little financial or accounting information available with respect to issuers
located in certain of such countries, and it may be difficult as a result to
assess the value or prospects of an investment in such issuers. The laws of some
foreign countries may limit the ability of these Portfolios to invest in
securities of certain issuers located in those countries.
Prior governmental approval of foreign investments may be required under certain
circumstances in some developing countries, and the extent of foreign investment
in domestic companies may be subject to limitation in other developing
countries. Foreign ownership limitations also may be imposed by the charters of
individual companies in developing countries to prevent, among other concerns,
violation of foreign investment limitations. Repatriation of investment income,
capital and proceeds of sales by foreign investors may require governmental
registration and/or approval in some developing countries. The Portfolios could
be adversely affected by delays in or a refusal to grant any required
governmental registration or approval for such repatriation. Further, the
economies of developing countries generally are heavily dependent upon
international trade and, accordingly, have been and may continue to be adversely
affected by trade barriers, exchange controls, managed adjustments in relative
currency values and other protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the
countries with which they trade. These economies also have been and may continue
to be adversely affected by economic conditions in the countries with which they
trade.
Hong Kong reverted to the sovereignty of China on July 1, 1997. As with any
major political transfer of power, this could result in political, social,
economic, market or other developments in Hong Kong, China or other countries
that could affect the value of Portfolio investments.
CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS. Some of the countries in which the Portfolios invest may
not permit direct investment. Investments in such countries may only be
permitted through government approved investment vehicles. Investing through
such vehicles may involve frequent or layered fees or expenses and may, as well,
be subject to limitations under federal securities laws. Consistent with federal
securities laws and subject to applicable fundamental investment restrictions,
each Portfolio may invest up to 10% of its assets in shares of other investment
companies and up to 5% of its assets in any one investment company as long as
the investment does not represent more than 3% of the voting stock of the
acquired investment company.
THE ASSET ALLOCATION, DEVELOPING MARKETS, GLOBAL GROWTH, GLOBAL UTILITY,
INTERNATIONAL EQUITY, INTERNATIONAL SMALLER COMPANIES, MUTUAL DISCOVERY, MUTUAL
SHARES, AND PACIFIC FUNDS, TO THE EXTENT CONSISTENT WITH THEIR INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES, RESERVE THE RIGHT TO INVEST MORE THAN 25% OF THEIR
RESPECTIVE ASSETS IN THE SECURITIES OF ISSUERS IN ANY SINGLE FOREIGN COUNTRY.
Investors should consider the greater risk of such policy versus the safety that
comes with an investment that does not involve potential geographic
concentration and should compare these Portfolios with other investment vehicles
before making an investment decision.
There may be other applicable policies or restrictions on a Portfolio's
investments in foreign securities. SEE "CURRENCY RISKS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT,"
"INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES," "INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS" and the
SAI.
CURRENCY RISKS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT. The relative performance of foreign
currencies in which securities held by a Portfolio are denominated is an
important factor in each Portfolio's overall performance. The Managers intend to
manage a Portfolio's exposure to various currencies to take advantage of
different yield, risk, and return characteristics that different currencies,
currency denominations, and countries can provide for U.S. investors.
We are expecting a new common currency called the euro to be adopted by members
of the new European Economic and Monetary Union potentially as soon as January
1999, that we think could present attractive opportunities for investment. While
all indications are that it will be fully equivalent in stability and value to
the existing currencies underlying its composition, there can be no guarantees.
UNLESS OTHERWISE INDICATED IN THE SPECIFIC PORTFOLIO DESCRIPTION, THE MANAGERS
GENERALLY DO NOT ACTIVELY HEDGE CURRENCY POSITIONS WITH RESPECT TO EQUITY
SECURITIES, BELIEVING THAT THE COSTS OUTWEIGH THE POTENTIAL BENEFITS. THE
MANAGERS MAY, HOWEVER, HEDGE WHERE THEY BELIEVE IT WOULD BE APPROPRIATE. To
hedge exposure to currency fluctuations or to increase income to a Portfolio,
each of the Portfolios which may invest in Foreign Securities may, but is not
required to, enter into forward foreign currency exchange contracts, currency
futures contracts, and options on such futures contracts, as well as purchase
put or call options and write covered put and call options on currencies traded
in U.S. or foreign markets. Other currency management strategies allow the
Managers to hedge portfolio securities, to shift investment exposure from one
currency to another, or to attempt to profit from anticipated declines in the
value of a foreign currency relative to the U.S. dollar. Some of these
strategies will require a Portfolio to segregate liquid assets to cover its
obligations. THERE IS NO ASSURANCE THAT THE MANAGERS' HEDGING STRATEGIES WILL BE
SUCCESSFUL.
If a security is denominated in foreign currency, the value of the security to a
Portfolio will be affected by changes in currency exchange rates and in exchange
control regulations, and costs will be incurred in connection with conversions
between currencies. A change in the value of any foreign currency against the
U.S. dollar will result in a corresponding change in the U.S. dollar value of a
Portfolio's securities denominated in that currency. Such changes will also
affect a Portfolio's income and distributions to shareholders. In addition,
although the Portfolio will receive income on foreign securities in such
currencies, the Portfolio will be required to compute and distribute its income
in U.S. dollars. Therefore, if the exchange rate for any such currency declines
materially after a Portfolio's income has been accrued and translated into U.S.
dollars, the Portfolio could be required to liquidate portfolio securities to
make required distributions. Similarly, if an exchange rate declines between the
time a Portfolio incurs expenses in U.S. dollars and the time such expenses are
paid, the amount of such currency required to be converted into U.S. dollars in
order to pay such expenses in U.S. dollars will be greater.
A Portfolio will use forward currency exchange contracts in the normal course of
business to lock in an exchange rate in connection with purchases and sales of
securities denominated in foreign currencies. A forward currency exchange
contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a
future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract
agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These
contracts are traded in the interbank market conducted directly between currency
traders (usually large commercial banks). A currency futures contract is a
standardized contract for the future delivery of a specified amount of currency
at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. A Portfolio may
enter into currency futures contracts traded on regulated commodity exchanges,
including non-U.S. exchanges.
A Portfolio will normally conduct its foreign currency exchange transactions
either on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign
currency exchange market, or through entering into forward contracts to purchase
or sell foreign currencies. A Portfolio will generally not enter into a forward
contract with a term of greater than one year. Some price spread on currency
exchange transactions (to cover service charges) will be incurred when the
Portfolio converts assets from one currency to another. A Portfolio may either
accept or make delivery of the currency specified at the maturity of a forward
or futures contract or, prior to maturity, enter into a closing transaction
involving the purchase or sale of an offsetting contract. Closing transactions
with respect to forward contracts are usually effected with the currency trader
who is a party to the original forward contract. Closing transactions with
respect to futures contracts and options thereon are effected on the exchange on
which the contract was entered into (or on a linked exchange).
A Portfolio will not enter into such forward currency exchange contracts or
currency futures contracts or purchase or write such options or maintain a net
exposure to such contracts where the completion of the contracts would obligate
the Portfolio to deliver an amount of currency other than U.S. dollars in excess
of the value of the securities or other assets denominated in that currency or,
in the case of cross-hedging, in a currency closely correlated to that currency.
A Portfolio will generally enter into forward contracts only under two
circumstances. First, when the Portfolio enters into a contract for the purchase
or sale of a security denominated in a foreign currency, it may desire to "lock
in" the U.S. dollar price of the security in relation to another currency by
entering into a forward contract to buy the amount of foreign currency needed to
settle the transaction. Second, when the Managers believe that the currency of a
particular foreign country may suffer or enjoy a substantial movement against
another currency, the Portfolio may enter into a forward contract to sell or buy
the former foreign currency (or another currency which acts as a proxy for that
currency) approximating the value of some or all of the Portfolio's securities
denominated in such foreign currency. This second investment practice is
generally referred to as "cross-hedging." Although forward contracts will be
used primarily to protect the Portfolio from adverse currency movements, they
also involve the risk that anticipated currency movements will not be accurately
predicted.
As in the case of other kinds of options, the writing of an option on a foreign
currency constitutes only a partial hedge, up to the amount of the premium
received, and a Portfolio could be required to purchase or sell foreign
currencies at disadvantageous exchange rates, thereby incurring losses. The
purchase of an option on a foreign currency may constitute an effective hedge
against fluctuations in exchange rates although, in the event of rate movements
adverse to a Portfolio's position, it may forfeit the entire amount of the
premium plus related transaction costs.
A liquid secondary market for any futures or options contract may not be
available when a futures or options position is sought to be closed. In
addition, there may be an imperfect correlation between movements in the
securities or foreign currency on which the futures or options contract is based
and movements in the securities or currency in the Portfolio. Successful use of
futures or options contracts is further dependent on the Managers' ability to
correctly predict movements in the securities or foreign currency markets and no
assurance can be given that its judgment will be correct. Successful use of
options on securities or stock indices is subject to similar risk
considerations. In addition, by writing covered call options, the Portfolio
gives up the opportunity, while the option is in effect, to profit from any
price increase in the underlying security above the option exercise price. SEE
"INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS" for additional information.
INTEREST RATE AND CURRENCY SWAPS. Interest rate swaps involve the exchange by
the Portfolio with another party of their respective commitments to pay or
receive interest, such as an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate
payments. Currency swaps involve the exchange of their respective rights to make
or receive payments in specified currencies. Since interest rate and currency
swaps are individually negotiated, these Portfolios expect to achieve an
acceptable degree of correlation between their portfolio investments and their
interest rate or currency swap positions.
A Portfolio will only enter into interest rate swaps on a net basis, which means
that the two payment streams are netted out, with the Portfolio receiving or
paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments. Interest
rate swaps do not involve the delivery of securities, other underlying assets or
principal. Accordingly, the risk of loss with respect to interest rate swaps is
limited to the net amount of interest payments that the Portfolio is
contractually obligated to make. If the other party to an interest rate swap
defaults, the Portfolio's risk of loss consists of the net amount of interest
payments that the Portfolio is contractually entitled to receive. In contrast,
currency swaps usually involve the delivery of the entire principal value of one
designated currency in exchange for the other designated currency. Therefore,
the entire principal value of a currency swap is subject to the risk that the
other party to the swap will default on its contractual delivery obligations.
The use of interest rate and currency swaps is a highly specialized activity
which involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated
with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. If the Managers are incorrect
in their forecasts of market values, interest rates and currency exchange rates,
the investment performance of the Portfolio would be less favorable than it
would have been if this investment technique were not used.
INVESTMENTS IN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS. Many securities of foreign issuers are
represented by American Depositary Receipts ("ADRs"), European Depositary
Receipts ("EDRs"), and Global Depositary Receipts ("GDRs") (collectively
"Depositary Receipts"). ADRs evidence ownership of, and represent the right to
receive, securities of foreign issuers deposited in a domestic bank or trust
company or a foreign correspondent bank. EDRs and GDRs are typically issued by
foreign banks or trust companies, although they also may be issued by U.S. banks
or trust companies, and evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by
either a foreign or a United States corporation. Generally, Depositary Receipts
in registered form are designed for use in the U.S. securities market and
Depositary Receipts in bearer form are designed for use in securities markets
outside the United States.
Prices of ADRs are quoted in U.S. dollars, and ADRs are traded in the United
States on exchanges or over-the-counter. While ADRs do not eliminate all the
risk associated with foreign investments, by investing in ADRs rather than
directly in the stock of foreign issuers, a Portfolio will avoid currency risks
during the settlement period for either purchases or sales. In general, there is
a large, liquid market in the United States for ADRs quoted on a national
securities exchange or on NASDAQ. The information available for ADRs is subject
to the accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards of the domestic
market or exchange on which they are traded, which standards are more uniform
and more exacting than those to which many foreign issuers may be subject. EDRs
and GDRs may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the
underlying securities.
Depositary Receipts may be issued under sponsored or unsponsored programs. In
sponsored programs, an issuer has made arrangements to have its securities
traded in the form of Depositary Receipts. In unsponsored programs, the issuer
may not be directly involved in the creation of the program. Although regulatory
requirements with respect to sponsored and unsponsored programs are generally
similar, in some cases it may be easier to obtain financial information from an
issuer that has participated in the creation of a sponsored program.
Accordingly, there may be less information available regarding issuers of
securities underlying unsponsored programs and there may not be a correlation
between such information and the market value of the Depositary Receipts.
Depositary Receipts do not eliminate all the risk inherent in investing in the
securities of foreign issuers. To the extent that a Portfolio acquires
Depositary Receipts through banks which do not have a contractual relationship
with the foreign issuer of the security underlying the Depositary Receipt to
issue and service such Depositary Receipts, there may be an increased
possibility that the Portfolio would not become aware of and be able to respond
to corporate actions such as stock splits or rights offerings involving the
foreign issuer in a timely manner. For purposes of each Portfolio's investment
policies, a Portfolio's investments in Depositary Receipts will be deemed to be
investments in the underlying securities.
LOWER RATED DEBT OBLIGATIONS
Debt obligations are subject to the risk of an issuer's inability to meet
principal and interest payments on the obligations (credit risk) and may also be
subject to price volatility due to such factors as interest rate sensitivity,
market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer and general market
liquidity (market risk). Lower rated or unrated obligations are more likely to
react to developments affecting market and credit risk than are more highly
rated obligations, which react primarily to movements in the general level of
interest rates. The Managers consider both credit risk and market risk in making
investment decisions as to corporate debt obligations for a Portfolio.
Debt obligations rated BB or below by S&P or Ba or below by Moody's (or
comparable unrated obligations), commonly called "junk bonds," are considered by
S&P and Moody's, on balance, speculative and payments of principal and interest
thereon may be questionable. They will generally involve more credit risk than
obligations in the higher rating categories. The market value of junk bonds
tends to reflect individual developments affecting the issuer to a greater
extent than the market value of higher rated obligations, which react primarily
to fluctuations in the general level of interest rates. Lower rated obligations
tend to be more sensitive to economic conditions and are considered by the
rating agencies, on balance, to be predominantly speculative with respect to the
issuer's capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the
terms of the obligation and generally will involve more credit risk than
securities in the higher rating categories. Bonds rated BBB by S&P or Baa by
Moody's ratings which are considered investment grade, also possess some
speculative characteristics. Unrated debt obligations are not necessarily of
lower quality than rated securities, but they may not be attractive to as many
buyers.
Issuers of high yielding debt obligations are often highly leveraged and may not
have more traditional methods of financing available to them. Therefore, the
risk associated with acquiring such obligations is generally greater than with
higher rated obligations. For example, during an economic downturn or a
sustained period of rising interest rates, highly leveraged issuers of high
yielding obligations may experience financial stress. During these periods, such
issuers may not have sufficient cash flow to meet their interest payment
obligations. Specific developments affecting the issuer, such as the inability
to meet projected business forecasts, or the unavailability of additional
financing, may adversely affect the issuer's ability to service its debt
obligations. The risk of loss due to default by the issuer may be significantly
greater for the holders of high yielding obligations because such securities are
generally unsecured and are often subordinated to other creditors of the issuer.
High yielding debt obligations frequently have call or buy-back features which
permit an issuer to call or repurchase the obligations from a Portfolio.
Although such obligations are typically not callable for a period from three to
five years after their issuance, when calls are exercised by the issuer during
periods of declining interest rates, the Manager may find it necessary to
replace such obligations with lower yielding obligations which could result in
less net investment income to the Portfolio. The premature disposition of a high
yielding obligation due to a call or buy-back feature, the deterioration of the
issuer's creditworthiness, or a default may also make it more difficult for a
Portfolio to manage the timing of its receipt of income, which may have tax
implications. A Portfolio may be required under the Code and U.S. Treasury
regulations to accrue income for income tax purposes on defaulted obligations
and to distribute such income to the Portfolio's shareholders even though the
Portfolio is not currently receiving interest or principal payments on such
obligations. In order to generate cash to satisfy any or all of these
distribution requirements, a Portfolio may be required to dispose of securities
that it otherwise would have continued to hold or to use cash flows from other
sources such as the sale of Portfolio shares.
A Portfolio may have difficulty disposing of certain high yielding obligations
because there may be a thin trading market for a particular obligation at any
given time. The market for lower rated, debt obligations generally tends to be
concentrated among a smaller number of dealers than is the case for obligations
which trade in a broader secondary retail market. Generally, purchasers of these
obligations are predominantly dealers and other institutional buyers, rather
than individuals. To the extent the secondary trading market for a particular
high yielding, debt obligation does exist, it is generally not as liquid as the
secondary market for higher rated obligations. Reduced liquidity in the
secondary market may have an adverse impact on market price, a Portfolio's
ability to dispose of particular issues, when necessary, to meet the Portfolio's
liquidity needs or in response to a specific economic event, such as a
deterioration in the creditworthiness of the issuer. Reduced liquidity may also
make it more difficult for the Portfolio to obtain market quotations based on
actual trades for purposes of valuing the Portfolio. Current values for these
high yield issues are obtained from pricing services and/or a limited number of
dealers and may be based upon factors other than actual sales. SEE "ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION REGARDING VALUATION AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES OF THE PORTFOLIOS," in
the SAI.
Some high yielding, debt obligations are sold without registration under the
federal securities laws and therefore carry restrictions on resale. While many
high yielding obligations have been sold with registration rights, covenants,
and penalty provisions for delayed registration, if a Portfolio is required to
sell such restricted securities before the securities have been registered, it
may be deemed an underwriter of such securities under the Securities Act of
1933, which entails special responsibilities and liabilities. A Portfolio may
incur special costs in disposing of such securities; however, the Portfolio will
generally incur no costs when the issuer is responsible for registering the
securities.
Some high yielding debt obligations may involve special risks because they are
new issues. The Portfolios have no arrangement with the securities underwriters
or any other person concerning the acquisition of such securities, and the
Manager will carefully review the credit and other characteristics pertinent to
such new issues.
The high yield securities market is relatively new and much of its growth prior
to 1990 paralleled a long economic expansion. The recession that began in 1990
disrupted the market for high yielding securities and adversely affected the
value of outstanding securities and the ability of issuers of such securities to
meet their obligations. Although the economy has improved considerably and high
yielding securities have performed more consistently since that time, there is
no assurance that the adverse effects previously experienced will not reoccur.
For example, the highly publicized defaults of some high yield issuers during
1989 and 1990 and concerns regarding a sluggish economy which continued into
1993, depressed the prices for many of these securities. While market prices may
be temporarily depressed due to these factors, the ultimate price of any
security will generally reflect the operating results of the issuer. In
addition, a Portfolio may incur additional expenses to the extent it is required
to seek recovery upon a default in the payment of principal or interest on its
portfolio holdings. A Portfolio will rely on the Manager's judgment, analysis
and experience in evaluating the creditworthiness of an issuer. In this
evaluation, the Manager will take into consideration, among other things, the
issuer's financial resources, its sensitivity to economic conditions and trends,
its operating history, the quality of the issuer's management and regulatory
matters.
Investments may also be evaluated in the context of economic and political
conditions in the issuer's domicile, such as the inflation rate, growth
prospects, global trade patterns and government policies. In the event the
rating on an issue held in a Portfolio is changed by the rating service, such
change will be considered by the Portfolio in its evaluation of the overall
investment merits of that security but will not necessarily result in an
automatic sale of the security.
DEFAULTED DEBT OBLIGATIONS. Certain Portfolios, if so stated in the individual
Portfolio section, may purchase debt obligations of issuers not currently paying
interest as well as issuers who are in default. In general, a Portfolio will
purchase a defaulted debt obligation only if, in the opinion of the Manager, the
issuer is expected to resume interest payments or other advantageous
developments appear likely in the future.
A Portfolio may also invest in debt obligations which are in default or about to
default, where the Manager believes that the debt obligation's price is less
than its intrinsic value, due to a recent or pending restructuring of the issuer
or other factors.
Current prices for defaulted bonds are generally significantly lower than their
purchase price, and a Portfolio may have unrealized losses on such defaulted
obligations which are reflected in the price of the Portfolio's shares. In
general, debt obligations which default lose much of their value in the time
period prior to the actual default so that the Portfolio's net assets are
impacted prior to the default. A Portfolio may retain an issue which has
defaulted because such issue may present an opportunity for subsequent price
recovery.
A Portfolio may be required under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
(the "Code"), to accrue income for tax purposes on defaulted obligations, even
though it is not currently receiving interest or principal payments on such
obligations. This imputed income must be "distributed" to the insurance company
shareholders each year, whether or not such distributions are paid in cash. To
the extent such distributions are paid in cash, a Portfolio may be required to
dispose of securities that it otherwise would have continued to hold or to use
cash flows from other sources such as sales of Portfolio shares.
THE PORTFOLIOS' INVESTMENTS. BECAUSE OF CERTAIN OF THE PORTFOLIOS' POLICIES OF
INVESTING IN HIGHER YIELDING, HIGHER RISK DEBT OBLIGATIONS, AN INVESTMENT IN
SUCH A PORTFOLIO IS ACCOMPANIED BY A HIGHER DEGREE OF RISK THAN IS PRESENT WITH
AN INVESTMENT IN A PORTFOLIO THAT INVESTS IN HIGHER RATED, LOWER YIELDING DEBT
OBLIGATIONS. ACCORDINGLY, AN INVESTMENT IN ANY SUCH PORTFOLIO SHOULD BE
CAREFULLY EVALUATED FOR ITS APPROPRIATENESS IN LIGHT OF THE INVESTOR'S OVERALL
INVESTMENT NEEDS AND GOALS. Persons on fixed incomes, such as retired persons,
should also consider the increased risk of loss of principal which is present
with an investment in higher risk obligations.
At December 31, 1997, the Income Securities Fund held one position in an
obligation which was in default on its contractual provisions.
ASSET COMPOSITION TABLE. A credit rating by a rating agency evaluates only the
safety of principal and interest of debt obligations, and does not consider the
market value risk associated with an investment in such an obligation. The table
below shows the percentage of Asset Allocation and Income Securities Funds'
assets invested in debt securities rated in each of the specific rating
categories shown and those that are not rated by the rating agency but deemed by
the Manager to be of comparable credit quality. The information was prepared
based on a 12 month dollar weighted average of the respective portfolio
compositions in the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997. No other Portfolio had
a 12-month dollar weighted average of more than 5% of its assets in debt
obligations rated below investment grade or determined by the Manager to be of
comparable credit quality. The Appendix to this prospectus includes a
description of each rating category.
Income
Moody's Securities Fund
Aaa 8.33%
Aa 0.54%
A 0.00%
Baa 4.08%
Ba 2.87%
B 30.60%
Caa 3.86%*
Ca 0.30%
C 0.15%
*2.70% of these securities, which are unrated by Moody's, have been included in
the Caa rating category.
Global Asset
S&P Allocation Fund
AAA 66.61%
AA 0.02%
BBB+ 0.00%
BBB 0.00%
BBB- 0.05%
BB+ 1.85%**
BB 13.15%**
BB- 9.64%
B+ 4.11%
B 3.63%**
B- 0.94%**
CCC+ 0.00%
CCC 0.00%
CCC- 0.00%
**Securities, which are unrated by S&P, have been included as follows: 0.73%
BB+, 0.35% BB, 2.86% B, 0.94% B-.
It should be noted that the above ratings are not necessarily indicative of
ratings of bonds at the time of purchase.
INVESTMENT METHODS AND RISKS
COMMON TO MORE THAN ONE PORTFOLIO
Certain types of investments and investment techniques are authorized for more
than one Portfolio, only if so stated in the descriptions of the individual
Portfolios. These are described below and in the SAI in greater detail. Each of
the Portfolios will not necessarily use the authorized strategies described to
the full extent permitted unless the Managers believe that doing so will help a
Portfolio reach its objectives, and not all instruments or methods will be used
at all times. See "Table of Contents" in front for a complete listing and page
numbers.
BORROWING
AS A MATTER OF FUNDAMENTAL POLICY, ALL OF THE PORTFOLIOS EXCEPT THE ASSET
ALLOCATION, DEVELOPING MARKETS, INTERNATIONAL SMALLER COMPANIES, MUTUAL
DISCOVERY, MUTUAL SHARES, SMALL CAP AND VALUE FUNDS, MAY BORROW MONEY UP TO 5%
OF THE VALUE OF THEIR RESPECTIVE ASSETS AND NO SUCH BORROWING MAY BE FOR DIRECT
INVESTMENT IN SECURITIES. The Portfolios may also borrow from banks for
temporary or short-term purposes. The Portfolios currently define temporary or
short-term purposes to include: (i) short-term (i.e., no longer than five
business days) credits for clearance of portfolio transactions; (ii) borrowing
in order to meet redemption requests or to finance failed settlements of
portfolio trades without immediately liquidating portfolio securities or other
assets; and (iii) borrowing in order to fulfill commitments or plans to purchase
additional securities pending the anticipated sale of other portfolio securities
or assets in the near term. AS A FUNDAMENTAL POLICY, THE ASSET ALLOCATION,
DEVELOPING MARKETS, INTERNATIONAL SMALLER COMPANIES, MUTUAL DISCOVERY, MUTUAL
SHARES, SMALL CAP AND VALUE FUNDS MAY BORROW UP TO 331/3% OF THE VALUE OF THEIR
RESPECTIVE TOTAL NET ASSETS FROM BANKS TO INCREASE THEIR HOLDINGS OF PORTFOLIO
SECURITIES OR FOR TEMPORARY PURPOSES.
Under federal securities laws, each Portfolio is required to maintain continuous
asset coverage of 300% with respect to such borrowings and to sell (within three
days) sufficient portfolio holdings to restore such coverage if it should
decline to less than 300% due to market fluctuations or otherwise, even if such
liquidations of a Portfolio's holdings may be disadvantageous from an investment
standpoint. Leveraging by means of borrowing will exaggerate the effect of any
increase or decrease in the value of portfolio securities on a Portfolio's net
asset value, and money borrowed will be subject to interest and other costs
(which may include commitment fees and/or the cost of maintaining minimum
average balances) which may or may not exceed the income received from the
securities purchased with borrowed funds. A Portfolio will not purchase
additional securities while its borrowings exceed the above percentage of its
total assets.
CONCENTRATION
THE REAL ESTATE FUND AND GLOBAL UTILITY FUND WILL CONCENTRATE IN A PARTICULAR
INDUSTRY OR SECTOR, OR IN U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES, AS INDICATED IN THE
SEPARATE DISCUSSIONS ABOVE FOR EACH RESPECTIVE PORTFOLIO. THE OTHER PORTFOLIOS
WILL NOT INVEST MORE THAN 25% OF THE VALUE OF THEIR RESPECTIVE ASSETS IN ANY ONE
PARTICULAR INDUSTRY. PURSUANT TO THE 1940 ACT, THESE POLICIES WILL NOT BE
CHANGED WITHOUT SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL.
CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES
WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE MONEY FUND, ALL PORTFOLIOS MAY INVEST IN CONVERTIBLE
SECURITIES. A convertible security is generally a debt obligation or preferred
stock that may be converted within a specified period of time into a certain
amount of common stock of the same or a different issuer. A convertible security
provides a fixed-income stream and the opportunity, through its conversion
feature, to participate in the capital appreciation resulting from a market
price advance in its underlying common stock. As with a straight fixed-income
security, a convertible security tends to increase in market value when interest
rates decline and decrease in value when interest rates rise. Similar to a
common stock, the value of a convertible security tends to increase as the
market value of the underlying stock rises, and it tends to decrease as the
market value of the underlying stock declines. Because its value can be
influenced by both interest rate and market movements, a convertible security is
not as sensitive to interest rates as a similar fixed-income security, nor is it
as sensitive to changes in share price as its underlying stock.
A convertible security is usually issued either by an operating company or by an
investment bank. When issued by an operating company, a convertible security
tends to be senior to common stock, but subordinate to other types of
fixed-income securities issued by that company. When a convertible security
issued by an operating company is "converted," the operating company often
issues new stock to the holder of the convertible security but, if the parity
price of the convertible security is less than the call price, the operating
company may pay out cash instead of common stock. If the convertible security is
issued by an investment bank, the security is an obligation of and is
convertible through the issuing investment bank.
The convertible debt obligations in which a Portfolio may invest are subject to
the same rating criteria and investment policies as that Portfolio's investments
in debt obligations. The issuer of a convertible security may be important in
determining the security's market value. This is because the holder of a
convertible security will have recourse only to the issuer. In addition, a
convertible security may be subject to redemption by the issuer, but only after
a specified date and under circumstances established at the time the security is
issued.
However, unlike convertible debt obligations, convertible preferred stocks are
equity securities. As with common stocks, preferred stocks are subordinated to
all debt obligations in the event of insolvency, and an issuer's failure to make
a dividend payment is generally not an event of default entitling the preferred
shareholder to take action. A preferred stock generally has no maturity date, so
that its market value is dependent on the issuer's business prospects for an
indefinite period of time. In addition, distributions from preferred stock are
dividends, rather than interest payments, and are usually treated as such for
corporate tax purposes. For these reasons, convertible preferred stocks are
treated as preferred stocks for each Portfolio's financial reporting, credit
rating, and investment limitation purposes.
Certain Portfolios, consistent with their investment policies, may also invest
in enhanced or synthetic convertible securities. A detailed discussion of these
securities appears in the SAI. None of the Portfolios currently expect to make
significant use of these securities.
DEBT OBLIGATIONS
Debt obligations are subject to the risk of an issuer's inability to meet
principal and interest payments on the obligations (credit risk) and may also be
subject to price volatility due to such factors as interest rate sensitivity,
market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer and general market
liquidity (market risk). The Managers consider both credit risk and market risk
in making investment decisions as to corporate debt obligations for a Portfolio.
Debt obligations in which the Portfolios may invest will tend to decrease in
value when prevailing interest rates rise and increase in value when prevailing
interest rates fall. Generally, long-term debt obligations are more sensitive to
interest rate fluctuations than short-term obligations. Because a Portfolio's
investments in debt obligations are interest rate sensitive, a Portfolio's
performance may be affected by the Managers' ability to anticipate and respond
to fluctuations in market interest rates. Debt obligations include U.S.
Government Securities, debt obligations of states or municipalities or state or
municipal government agencies or instrumentalities or foreign sovereign
entities, U.S. or foreign corporate debt obligations, preferred stock, zero
coupon bonds and mortgage- or asset-backed securities.
CORPORATE DEBT OBLIGATIONS. See "Highlighted Risk Considerations - Lower Rated
Corporate Debt Obligations."
MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS. The investments described in the Money Fund, without
regard to required ratings, maturity, and other criteria under Rule 2a-7 of the
1940 Act governing money market portfolios which define them as "Eligible
Securities" for purposes of the Portfolio, are referred to generally as "Money
Market Instruments" in this prospectus.
U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES. All of the Portfolios may purchase U.S. Government
Securities. U.S. Government Securities are marketable fixed, floating and
variable rate securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its
agencies, authorities or instrumentalities. Some U.S. Government Securities,
such as U.S. Treasury bills (maturities of one year or less), U.S. Treasury
notes (maturities of one to ten years) and U.S. Treasury bonds (generally
maturities of more than ten years) which differ only in their interest rates,
maturities and times of issuance are supported by the full faith and credit of
the U.S. Government. Others, such as obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S.
Government agencies, authorities or instrumentalities are supported either by
(a) the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government (such as securities of the
Small Business Administration), (b) the right of the issuer to borrow from the
Treasury (such as securities of the Federal Home Loan Banks), (c) the
discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase the agency's
obligations (such as FNMA securities), or (d) only the credit of the issuer. No
assurance can be given that the U.S. Government will provide financial support
to U.S. Government agencies, authorities or instrumentalities in the future.
Securities guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. Government, its
agencies, authorities or instrumentalities are considered to include (i)
securities for which the payment of principal and interest is backed by a
guarantee of, or an irrevocable letter of credit issued by, the U.S. Government,
its agencies, authorities or instrumentalities and (ii) participation in loans
made to foreign governments or their agencies that are so guaranteed. The
secondary market for certain of these participations is limited. Such
participations may therefore be regarded as illiquid.
Each Portfolio may also invest in separately traded principal and interest
components of securities guaranteed or issued by the U.S. Treasury if such
components are traded independently under the Separate Trading of Registered
Interest and Principal of Securities program ("STRIPS"). See "Zero Coupon
Bonds," below.
U.S. Government Securities include Government National Mortgage Association
("GNMA") mortgage-backed certificates. The yields provided by GNMAs have
historically exceeded the yields on other types of U.S. Government Securities
with comparable maturities. Unpredictable prepayments of principal, however, can
greatly change realized yields. In a period of declining interest rates, it is
more likely that mortgages contained in GNMA pools will be prepaid thus reducing
the effective yield. For more information, See "U.S. Government Securities
Fund," above.
Small Business Administration ("SBA") securities are pools of loans to small
businesses which are guaranteed as to principal and interest by the SBA, and
supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. SBA loans
generally have variable interest rates which are set at a premium above the
prime rate, and generally have no interest rate caps or floors. The terms on SBA
loans currently range from 7 to 25 years at the time of issue. As with
mortgage-backed securities such as GNMAs, prepayments can greatly change
realized yields. While the prepayment rate of mortgage-backed securities has
generally been a function of market interest rates, the prepayment rate of SBA
securities has historically depended more on the purpose and term of the loan
and the rate of borrower default. Shorter-term SBA loans have had the highest
prepayment rates, particularly if the loans were for working capital; long-term,
real-estate backed SBA loans prepay much more slowly. SBA securities are
sometimes offered at a premium above their principal amount, which increases the
risks posed by prepayment.
These notes would have coupon resets that may cause the current coupon to fall
to, but not below, zero. Existing credit quality, duration and liquidity
standards would apply, so that the Portfolio may not invest in structured notes
unless the Manager believes that the notes pose no greater credit or market risk
than stripped notes; however, these notes may carry risks similar to those of
stripped securities. See "Investment Methods and Risks."
ZERO COUPON BONDS. Zero coupon bonds are debt obligations which are issued at a
significant discount from face value. The original discount approximates the
total amount of interest the bonds will accrue and compound over the period
until maturity or the first interest accrual date at a rate of interest
reflecting the market rate of the security at the time of issuance. A zero
coupon security pays no interest to its holder during its life and its value
(above its cost to a Portfolio) consists of the difference between its face
value at maturity and its cost.
One particular zero coupon security a Portfolio may purchase is the FICO STRIP,
each of which represents an interest in securities issued by the Financing
Corporation ("FICO"), whose sole purpose is to function as a financing vehicle
for recapitalizing the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation ("FSLIC").
FICO STRIPS are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government
but are generally treated as U.S. Government Agency Securities.
The credit risk factors pertaining to lower rated debt obligations also apply to
lower rated zero coupon bonds. Such bonds carry an additional risk in that,
unlike bonds which pay interest throughout the period to maturity, the Portfolio
will realize no cash until the cash payment date and, if the issuer defaults,
the Portfolio may obtain no return at all on its investment.
DEFERRED INTEREST AND PAY-IN-KIND BONDS. While zero coupon bonds do not require
the periodic payment of interest, deferred interest bonds generally provide for
a period of delay before the regular payment of interest begins. Although this
period of delay is different for each deferred interest bond, a typical period
is approximately one-third of the bond's term to maturity. Such investments
benefit the issuer by mitigating its initial need for cash to meet debt
obligations service, but some also provide a higher rate of return to attract
investors who are willing to defer receipt of such cash. Such investments
experience greater volatility in market value due to changes in interest rates
than debt obligations which provide for regular payments of interest. A
Portfolio will accrue income on such investments for tax and accounting purposes
Pay-in-kind bonds are securities which pay interest through the issuance of
additional bonds. A Portfolio will be deemed to receive interest over the life
of such bonds and be treated as if interest were paid on a current basis for
federal income tax purposes, although no cash interest payments are received by
the Portfolio until the cash payment date or until the bonds mature. This
accrued income from both deferred interest and pay-in-kind bonds must be
"distributed" to the insurance company shareholders each year, whether or not
such distributions are paid in cash. To the extent such distributions are paid
in cash, a Portfolio may be required to dispose of portfolio securities that it
otherwise would have continued to hold or to use cash flows from other sources
such as sales of Portfolio shares.
Lower-rated deferred interest and pay-in-kind bonds also share the special
credit risk considerations described under "Zero Coupon Bonds," above.
DERIVATIVES
As described in the individual Portfolio sections or the SAI, certain of the
Portfolios may use certain types of instruments, sometimes referred to as
"derivatives." Derivatives are used to help (a) manage risks relating to
interest rates, currency fluctuations and other market factors ("hedging"); (b)
increase liquidity; and/or (c) invest in a particular stock or bond in a more
efficient or less expensive way. Derivatives are broadly defined as financial
instruments whose performance is derived, at least in part, from the performance
of an underlying asset, such as stock prices or indices of securities, interest
rates, currency exchange rates, or commodity prices. Some, all, or the component
parts of, the following instruments might be considered derivatives or complex
securities: adjustable rate mortgage securities; adjustable rate securities;
collateralized mortgage obligations; convertible securities with enhanced yield
features such as PERCS, ACES, DECS, and PEPS; forward contracts; futures
contracts; inverse floaters and super floaters; mortgage pass-throughs,
including multiclass pass-throughs, stripped mortgage securities, and other
asset-backed securities; options; real estate mortgage investment conduits;
re-securitized government project loans; spreads and straddles; swaps; synthetic
convertible securities; and uncovered mortgage dollar rolls. These instruments
and their risks are discussed in this section, the individual Portfolio
sections, and/or in the SAI.
DIVERSIFICATION
EACH PORTFOLIO, EXCEPT THE VALUE FUND WILL OPERATE AS A DIVERSIFIED PORTFOLIO
UNDER FEDERAL SECURITIES LAW. EACH DIVERSIFIED PORTFOLIO MAY NOT, WITH RESPECT
TO 75% OF ITS TOTAL ASSETS, PURCHASE THE SECURITIES OF ANY ONE ISSUER (EXCEPT
U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES) IF MORE THAN 5% OF THE VALUE OF THE PORTFOLIO'S
ASSETS WOULD BE INVESTED IN SUCH ISSUER.
In addition, each Portfolio intends to diversify its investments to meet the
requirements under federal tax laws relating to regulated investment companies
and variable contracts issued by insurance companies. In order to comply with
the diversification requirements related to regulated investment companies, each
Portfolio will limit its investments so that, at the close of each quarter of
the taxable year, (i) with respect to 50% of the market value of its assets, not
more than 5% of the market value of its assets will be invested in the
securities of a single issuer and each Portfolio will not own more than 10% of
the outstanding voting securities of a single issuer. A Portfolio's investments
in U.S. Government Securities are not subject to these limitations, and (ii) not
more than 25% of the market value of each Portfolio's assets will be invested in
the securities of a single issuer.
In order to comply with the diversification requirements related to variable
contracts issued by insurance companies, each Portfolio will diversify its
investments such that (i) no more than 55% of the Portfolio's assets is
represented by any one investment; (ii) no more than 70% of the Portfolio's
assets is represented by any two investments; (iii) no more than 80% of the
Portfolio's assets is represented by any three investments; and (iv) no more
than 90% of the Portfolio's assets is represented by any four investments. In
the case of Portfolios investing in obligations of U.S. government agencies or
instrumentalities, each agency or instrumentality is treated as a separate
issuer for purposes of the above rules.
LOAN PARTICIPATIONS
Certain Portfolios may acquire loan participations and other direct or indirect
bank obligations ("Loan Participations"), in which a Portfolio will purchase
from a lender a portion of a larger loan which it has made to a borrower.
Generally Loan Participations are sold without guarantee or recourse to the
lending institution, and are subject to the credit risks of both the borrower
and the lending institution. They may, however, enable a Portfolio to acquire an
interest in a loan from a financially strong borrower which it could not do
directly. While Loan Participations generally trade at par value, certain
Portfolios may buy Loan Participations that sell at a discount because of the
borrower's credit problems. To the extent the borrower's credit problems are
resolved, Loan Participations may appreciate in value. Loan Participations may
have speculative characteristics, and may be illiquid and/or in default.
LOANS OF PORTFOLIO SECURITIES
Consistent with procedures approved by the Board of Trustees and subject to the
following conditions, the Portfolios may lend their portfolio securities to
qualified securities dealers or other institutional investors, if such loans do
not exceed 30% of the value of a Portfolio's total assets at the time of the
most recent loan (one-third of the Portfolio's assets in the case of the Asset
Allocation, Developing Markets, International Equity, Mutual Discovery, Mutual
Shares, Pacific, and Value Funds). The borrower must deposit with the
Portfolio's custodian bank collateral with an initial market value of at least
102% of the market value of the securities loaned, including any accrued
interest, with the value of the collateral and loaned securities
marked-to-market daily to maintain collateral coverage of at least 100%. This
collateral shall consist of cash, U.S. Government Securities, or irrevocable
letters of credit. The lending of securities is a common practice in the
securities industry. A Portfolio may engage in security loan arrangements with
the primary objective of increasing the Portfolio's income either through
investing the cash collateral in short-term interest bearing obligations or by
receiving a loan premium from the borrower. Under the securities loan agreement,
a Portfolio continues to be entitled to all dividends or interest on any loaned
securities. As with any extension of credit, there are risks of delay in
recovery and loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the
security fail financially.
OPTIONS AND FUTURES CONTRACTS
Certain Portfolios may invest in options and futures contracts and any
limitations noted in this section are qualified by the Portfolios' individual
policies as stated in the individual descriptions of each of the Portfolios.
UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED IN A PORTFOLIO'S POLICIES, THE VALUE OF THE UNDERLYING
SECURITIES ON WHICH OPTIONS MAY BE WRITTEN AT ANY ONE TIME WILL NOT EXCEED 15%
OF THE ASSETS OF THE PORTFOLIO. NOR WILL A PORTFOLIO PURCHASE PUT OR CALL
OPTIONS IF THE AGGREGATE PREMIUMS PAID FOR SUCH OPTIONS WOULD EXCEED 5% OF ITS
ASSETS AT THE TIME OF PURCHASE.
UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED IN A PORTFOLIO'S POLICIES, NONE OF THE PORTFOLIOS
PERMITTED TO INVEST IN THESE CONTRACTS WILL PURCHASE OR SELL FUTURES CONTRACTS
OR OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS IF IMMEDIATELY THEREAFTER THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT
OF INITIAL MARGIN DEPOSITS ON ALL THE FUTURES POSITIONS OF THE PORTFOLIO AND
PREMIUMS PAID ON OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS WOULD EXCEED 5% OF THE MARKET
VALUE OF THE ASSETS OF THE PORTFOLIO. See the "Investment Objectives and
Policies" of the specific Portfolio and the SAI for a discussion of whether, and
to what extent, the Portfolio may purchase these investments.
In general, a Portfolio will use futures and options primarily for hedging
purposes, that is, in an attempt to reduce or control certain types of risks.
There is no guarantee, however, that these transactions will be successful. In
addition, these transactions may expose a Portfolio to risks related to
counterparty creditworthiness, illiquidity, and increased expenses. A detailed
discussion of these transactions and their risks appears in the SAI. None of the
Portfolios currently expect to make significant use of these transactions,
except to manage currency risk. See "Highlighted Risk Considerations, Foreign
Transactions."
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
Each Portfolio may purchase and sell securities without regard to the length of
time the security has been held, and the frequency of Portfolio transactions
(turnover rate) will vary from year to year, depending on market conditions.
Portfolio turnover could be greater in periods of unusual market movement and
volatility. The Managers will weigh the potential benefits of any short-term
trading against the higher transaction costs associated with a higher turnover
rate.
It is anticipated that each Portfolio's annual turnover rate generally will not
exceed 100%.
REPURCHASE AND REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
EACH PORTFOLIO MAY ENGAGE IN REPURCHASE TRANSACTIONS, IN WHICH THE PORTFOLIO
PURCHASES A U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITY SUBJECT TO RESALE TO A BANK OR DEALER AT A
MUTUALLY AGREED UPON PRICE AND DATE. In a repurchase agreement, the Portfolio
buys U.S. Government Securities from a bank or broker-dealer at a higher price
on a specified date. The securities subject to resale are held on behalf of the
Portfolio by a custodian bank approved by the Board of Trustees. The bank or
broker-dealer must transfer to the custodian securities with an initial market
value of at least 102% of the repurchase price to help secure the obligation to
repurchase the securities at a later date. The securities are then
marked-to-market daily to maintain coverage of at least 100%. If the bank or
broker-dealer does not repurchase the securities as agreed, the Portfolio may
experience a loss or delay in the liquidation of the securities underlying the
repurchase agreement and may also incur liquidation costs. The Portfolio,
however, intends to enter into repurchase agreements only with banks or
broker-dealers that are considered creditworthy by the Managers.
Certain Portfolios authorized to do so may also enter into reverse repurchase
agreements which may involve additional risks. See the SAI, "Common Investment
Methods and Risks."
RESTRICTED AND ILLIQUID SECURITIES
IT IS A FUNDAMENTAL POLICY OF THE PORTFOLIOS TO NOT INVEST MORE THAN 10% OF
THEIR RESPECTIVE NET ASSETS IN ILLIQUID INVESTMENTS, EXCEPT THAT THE
INTERNATIONAL SMALLER COMPANIES, MUTUAL DISCOVERY, MUTUAL SHARES AND VALUE FUNDS
MAY INVEST UP TO 15% IN SUCH INVESTMENTS. Illiquid investments include most
repurchase agreements of more than seven days duration, currency and interest
rate swaps, time deposits with a notice or demand period of more than seven
days, certain over-the-counter option contracts, participation interests in
loans, securities that are not readily marketable and "restricted securities,"
i.e., securities that are not registered or are offered in an exempt non-public
offering under the Securities Act of 1933 ("1933 Act"). Such restriction shall
not apply to restricted securities offered and sold to "qualified institutional
buyers" under Rule 144A under the 1933 Act or to foreign securities which are
offered or sold outside the United States where the Managers determine, based
upon a continuing review of the trading markets for the specific restricted
security, that such restricted securities are liquid. For additional details,
see the SAI.
The Board of Trustees has adopted guidelines and delegated to the Managers the
daily function of determining and monitoring the liquidity of restricted
securities. The Board of Trustees, however, will retain sufficient oversight and
be ultimately responsible for the determinations. To the extent a Portfolio
invests in restricted securities that are deemed liquid, the general level of
illiquidity in a Portfolio may be increased if qualified institutional buyers
become uninterested in purchasing these securities or the market for these
securities contracts.
The purchase price and subsequent valuation of restricted securities normally
reflect a discount from the price at which such securities would trade if they
were not restricted, since the restriction makes them less liquid. The amount of
the discount from the prevailing market prices is expected to vary, depending
upon the type of security, the character of the issuer, the party who will bear
the expenses of registering the restricted securities and prevailing supply and
demand conditions.
"ROLLS"
Portfolios that may purchase Treasury securities may also enter into "U.S.
Treasury rolls" in which the Portfolio sells outstanding U.S. Treasury
securities and buys back "when-issued" U.S. Treasury securities of slightly
longer maturity for simultaneous settlement on the settlement date of the
when-issued U.S. Treasury security. During the period prior to settlement date,
the Portfolio continues to earn interest on the securities it is selling. It
does not earn interest on the securities which it is purchasing until after the
settlement date. Two potential advantages of such a strategy are 1) that the
Portfolio can regularly and incrementally adjust its weighted average maturity
(which otherwise would constantly diminish with the passage of time); and 2) in
a normal yield curve environment (in which shorter maturities yield less than
longer maturities), a gain in yield to maturity can be obtained along with the
desired extension. The Portfolio could suffer an opportunity loss if the
counterparty to the roll failed to perform its obligations on settlement date,
in that market conditions may have changed adversely. The Portfolio, however,
intends to enter into U.S. Treasury rolls only with government securities
dealers recognized by the Federal Reserve Board or with member banks of the
Federal Reserve System.
Portfolios that may purchase mortgage-backed securities may enter into mortgage
"dollar rolls" in which the Portfolio sells mortgage-backed securities for
delivery in the current month and simultaneously contracts to repurchase
substantially similar (name, type, coupon and maturity) securities on a
specified future date. During the roll period, the Portfolio forgoes principal
and interest paid on the mortgage-backed securities. The Portfolio is
compensated by the difference between the current sales price and the lower
forward price for the future purchase (often referred to as the "drop") as well
as by the interest earned on the cash proceeds of the initial sale. A "covered
roll" is a specific type of dollar roll for which there is an offsetting cash
position or a cash equivalent security position which matures on or before the
forward settlement date of the dollar roll transaction and is maintained in a
segregated account. A Portfolio will not enter into any dollar rolls that are
not covered rolls.
SMALL CAPITALIZATION ISSUERS
Certain Portfolios may invest in relatively new or unseasoned companies which
are in their early stages of development, or small companies positioned in new
and emerging industries where the opportunity for rapid growth is expected to be
above average. These are typically companies which have a market capitalization
of less than $1 billion. Investing in securities of small companies may offer
greater potential for capital appreciation since they are often overlooked by
investors or undervalued in relation to their earnings power. Securities of
unseasoned companies may present greater risks than securities of larger, more
established companies. Small companies may suffer significant losses as well as
realize substantial growth, and investments in such companies tend to be more
volatile and are therefore speculative.
Historically, the small capitalization stocks have been more volatile in price
than the larger capitalization stocks. Among the reasons for the greater price
volatility of these securities are the less certain growth prospects of smaller
firms, the lower degree of liquidity in the markets for such stocks, and the
greater sensitivity of small companies to changing economic conditions. Besides
exhibiting greater volatility, small company stocks may, to a degree, fluctuate
independently of larger company stocks. Small company stocks may decline in
price as large company stocks rise, or rise in price as large company stocks
decline. Investors should therefore expect that the net asset value of a
portfolio which invests a substantial portion of its net assets in small company
stocks may be more volatile than the shares of a portfolio that invests solely
in larger capitalization stocks. For more information, refer to the "Small Cap
Fund" description.
STRUCTURED NOTES
A structured note is a derivative instrument which entitles its holder to
receive some portion of the principal or interest payments which would be due on
a traditional debt obligation. A zero coupon bond, which is the right to receive
only the principal portion of a debt security, is a simple form of structured
note. A structured note's performance or value may be linked to a change in
return, interest rate, or value at maturity of the change in an identified or
"linked" equity security, currency, interest rate, index or other financial
indicator ("benchmark"). The holder's right to receive principal or interest
payments on a structured note may also vary in timing or amount, depending upon
changes in certain rates of interest or other external events. Structured notes
may be much more volatile than the underlying instruments themselves, depending
on the direction of interest rates, and may present many of the same risks as
investing in futures and options. Certain structured notes without leverage
characteristics may still be considered risky and an investor could lose an
amount equal to the amount invested. As with any debt instruments, structured
notes pose credit risk, i.e., the issuer may be unable to make the required
payments. Finally, some structured notes may be illiquid, because few investors
or dealers trade in such securities or because the notes are complex and
difficult to price. Such potential illiquidity may be especially pronounced
during severe bond market corrections. The Board of Trustees will monitor the
liquidity of structured notes and notes determined to be illiquid will be
subject to a Portfolio's percentage limits on illiquid securities. IF PERMITTED
BY A PORTFOLIO'S INVESTMENT POLICIES, THE TEMPLETON MANAGERS MAY OCCASIONALLY
INVEST UNDER 5% OF THEIR RESPECTIVE PORTFOLIO'S ASSETS IN STRUCTURED NOTES THAT
ARE LINKED TO A BENCHMARK, ON A NON-LEVERAGED, ONE-TO-ONE BASIS.
TEMPORARY INVESTMENTS
In any period of market weakness or of uncertain market or economic conditions
or while awaiting suitable investment opportunities, a Portfolio (other than the
Money Fund) may establish a temporary defensive position. Such Portfolios may
therefore invest up to 100% of their respective net assets in high quality Money
Market Instruments or in, for example, U.S. Government Securities, bank
obligations, and the highest quality commercial paper, as described above. The
Rising Dividends Fund may also invest in short-term fixed-income securities. Any
decision to make a substantial withdrawal for a sustained period of time, from a
Portfolio's "defined" market(s) based on its investment objectives will be
reviewed by the Board of Trustees.
THE ASSET ALLOCATION, DEVELOPING MARKETS, GLOBAL GROWTH, GLOBAL UTILITY,
INTERNATIONAL EQUITY, INTERNATIONAL SMALLER COMPANIES, MUTUAL DISCOVERY, MUTUAL
SHARES, AND PACIFIC FUNDS MAY ALSO INVEST IN NON-U.S. CURRENCY AND SHORT-TERM
INSTRUMENTS DENOMINATED IN NON-U.S. CURRENCIES FOR TEMPORARY DEFENSIVE PURPOSES.
The Developing Markets and International Smaller Companies Funds may also invest
in medium-term (not more than five years to maturity) obligations issued or
guaranteed by the U.S. government or the governments of foreign countries, their
agencies or instrumentalities.
It is not possible to predict with any certainty when or for how long a
Portfolio will employ defensive strategies.
TRADE CLAIMS
Trade claims are purchased from creditors of companies in financial difficulty.
For purchasers such as a Portfolio, trade claims offer the potential for profits
since they are often purchased at a significantly discounted value and,
consequently, may generate capital appreciation if the value of the claim
increases as the debtor's financial position improves.
If the debtor is able to pay the full obligation on the face of the claim as a
result of a restructuring or an improvement in the debtor's financial condition,
trade claims offer the potential for higher income due to the difference in the
face value of the claim as compared to the discounted purchase price.
An investment in trade claims is speculative and carries a high degree of risk.
There can be no guarantee that the debt issuer will ever be able to satisfy the
obligation on the trade claim. Trade claims are not regulated by federal
securities laws or the SEC. Currently, trade claims are regulated primarily by
bankruptcy laws. Because trade claims are unsecured, holders may have a lower
priority in terms of payment than most other creditors in a bankruptcy
proceeding.
WARRANTS
A warrant is typically a long-term option issued by a corporation which gives
the holder the privilege of buying a specified number of shares of the
underlying common stock at a specified exercise price at any time on or before
an expiration date.
Stock index warrants entitle the holder to receive, upon exercise, an amount in
cash determined by reference to fluctuations in the level of a specified stock
index. If a Portfolio does not exercise or dispose of a warrant prior to its
expiration, it will expire worthless.
"WHEN-ISSUED" AND
"DELAYED DELIVERY" TRANSACTIONS
A Portfolio may purchase securities and debt obligations on a "when-issued" or
"delayed delivery" basis (in the case of GNMA Certificates, a "To-Be-Announced"
basis). Such securities are subject to market fluctuations prior to delivery to
the Portfolio and generally do not earn interest until their scheduled delivery
date. When the Portfolio is the buyer in such transactions, it will segregate
cash or liquid securities, having an aggregate value equal to the amount of such
purchase commitments until payment is made. To the extent the Portfolio engages
in when-issued and delayed delivery transactions, it will do so only for the
purpose of acquiring portfolio securities consistent with the Portfolio's
investment objectives and policies, and not for the purpose of investment
leverage. Nonetheless, purchases of securities on such basis may involve more
risk than other types of purchases, for example, counterparty delivery risk. If
the seller fails to complete the transaction, the Portfolio may miss a price or
yield considered advantageous. See the SAI for additional information.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
Each Portfolio is subject to a number of additional investment restrictions,
some of which are fundamental policies and, like the investment objective of
each Portfolio, may be changed only with the approval of shareholders. For a
list of these additional restrictions and more information concerning the
policies discussed above, please see the SAI.
MANAGEMENT
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS
The Board. The Trust's Board of Trustees oversees the management of the Trust
and elects its officers. The officers are responsible for each Portfolio's
day-to-day operations.
MANAGERS
The Manager for all Portfolios of the Trust, except the Asset Allocation,
Developing Markets, Global Growth, International Smaller Companies, Mutual
Discovery, Mutual Shares, Rising Dividends and Value Funds, is Franklin
Advisers, Inc. ("Advisers"), 777 Mariners Island Blvd., P.O. Box 7777, San
Mateo, California 94403-7777. In addition, Advisers employs Templeton Investment
Counsel, Inc. ("Templeton Florida"), Broward Financial Centre, Suite 2100, Fort
Lauderdale, Florida 33394, to act as subadviser to the Pacific Fund.
Franklin Advisory Services, Inc., One Parker Plaza, Sixteenth Floor, Fort Lee,
New Jersey, 07024 ("Franklin New Jersey") replaced Advisers as the Manager for
the Rising Dividends Fund on July 1, 1996, and also is the Manager for the Value
Fund. Advisers and Franklin New Jersey are both direct wholly owned subsidiaries
of Franklin Resources, Inc. There is no change in the individuals primarily
responsible for the day-to-day operations of the Portfolio, and the material
terms of the Portfolio's management agreement with Franklin New Jersey,
including fees, are the same as those of the prior management agreement with
Advisers.
The Manager for the Mutual Discovery and the Mutual Shares Funds is Franklin
Mutual Advisers, Inc. ("Franklin Mutual") 51 John F. Kennedy Parkway, Short
Hills, New Jersey, 07078.
The Manager for the Asset Allocation and Global Growth Funds is Templeton Global
Advisors Limited ("Templeton Nassau") Lyford Cay Nassau, N.P. Bahamas. Templeton
Nassau employs Templeton Florida to act as subadviser to the Asset Allocation
Fund.
The Manager for the Developing Markets Fund is Templeton Asset Management Ltd.
("Templeton Singapore") 7 Temasek Boulevard, # 38-03, Suntec Tower One,
Singapore, 038987.
The Manager for the International Smaller Companies Fund is Templeton Florida.
Advisers, Franklin Mutual, Franklin New Jersey, Templeton Nassau, Templeton
Singapore, and Templeton Florida may be referred to as the "Manager" or
"Managers" throughout this prospectus and the SAI. The Managers also perform
similar services for other portfolios. The Managers are wholly owned by
Resources, a publicly owned company engaged in the financial services industry
through its subsidiaries. Charles B. Johnson and Rupert H. Johnson, Jr. are the
principal shareholders of Resources. Together the Managers and their affiliates
manage over $232 billion in assets. The Templeton organization has been
investing globally since 1940, with offices in Argentina, Australia, Bahamas,
Canada, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Italy, Luxembourg, Poland, Russia,
Scotland, Singapore, South Africa, U.S., and Vietnam. Please see "Investment
Management and Other Services," "Policies Regarding Brokers Used on Securities
Transactions" and "Miscellaneous Information" in the SAI for information on
securities transactions and a summary of the Trust's Code of Ethics.
MANAGEMENT SERVICES AND FEES. The Managers manage each Portfolio's assets and
make each Portfolio's investment decisions. Each Portfolio is obligated to pay a
management fee for these services. Portfolio Administration fees may be paid
directly by the Portfolio or indirectly by the Managers through the management
fees. See "Portfolio Administrator," below.
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997, the management and Portfolio
administration fees and total operating expenses, as a percentage of monthly net
assets and before any advance waiver, for each Portfolio which operated
throughout 1997 were as follows:
1997
Management
and Portfolio 1997 Total
Administration Operating
Portfolio (Except New Portfolios) Fees Expenses
Asset Allocation Fund .80% .94%
Capital Growth Fund .75% .77%
Developing Markets Fund 1.25% 1.42%
Global Growth Fund .83% .88%
Global Utility Fund
(formerly Utility Fund) .47% .50%
Growth and Income Fund .47% .49%
Income Securities Fund .47% .50%
International Smaller
Companies Fund .85% 1.06%
International Equity Fund .80% .89%
Money Fund* .51% .53%
Mutual Shares Fund .60% .80%
Mutual Discovery Fund .80% 1.06%
Pacific Fund .92% 1.03%
Real Estate Fund .51% .54%
Rising Dividends Fund .72% .74%
Small Cap Fund .75% .77%
*Under an advance agreement by Advisers to limit its management fees, the Money
Fund paid management and portfolio administration fees of 0.43% and total
operating expenses of 0.45%. Advisers may end this arrangement at any time upon
notice to the Board of Trustees.
Under a management agreement with Franklin New Jersey, the Value Fund is
obligated to pay the Manager a monthly fee equal to an annual rate of 0.60% of
the value of the Portfolio's average daily net assets up to and including $200
million, 0.50% of the value of the Portfolio's average daily net assets over
$200 million up to and including $1.3 billion, and 0.40% of the value of the
Portfolio's average daily net assets over $1.3 billion. The Portfolio pays
separate portfolio administration fees. See "Portfolio Administrator" below.
In general, the fees which the Portfolios investing substantially in global
securities are obligated to pay the Managers are higher than advisory fees paid
by most other U.S. investment companies, primarily because investing in equity
securities of companies outside the U.S., and especially in developing markets
countries which are not widely followed by professional analysts, requires the
Managers to invest additional time and incur added expense in developing
specialized resources, including research sources.
Please refer to the SAI for further details regarding management fees.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS. Each Manager tries to obtain the best execution on all
transactions. If a Manager believes more than one broker or dealer can provide
the best execution, consistent with internal policies it may consider research
and related services and the sale of Portfolio shares, as well as shares of
other portfolios in the Franklin Templeton Group of Funds, when selecting a
broker or dealer. Please see "Brokerage Allocation" in the SAI for more
information.
SUBADVISOR
Templeton Florida is paid a fee by Advisers with respect to the International
Equity and Pacific Funds, and by Templeton Nassau with respect to the Asset
Allocation Fund, based on a percentage of each Portfolio's average daily net
assets. In all cases, Templeton Florida's fees are not a separate expense of the
respective Portfolios but are paid by the Managers from the management fees they
receive from their respective management agreements with the Portfolios.
Templeton Florida will pay all expenses incurred by it in connection with its
activities under the subadvisory agreements with the Managers, other than the
cost of securities purchased for the Portfolios and brokerage commissions in
connection with such purchases.
PORTFOLIO ADMINISTRATOR
Franklin Templeton Services, Inc. ("FT Services"), 777 Mariners Island
Boulevard, San Mateo, California 94404, provides certain administrative
facilities and services for the Portfolios, including preparation and
maintenance of books and records, preparation of tax reports, preparation of
financial reports, and monitoring compliance with regulatory requirements.
FT Services is employed directly by the Asset Allocation, International Smaller
Companies, Mutual Discovery, Mutual Shares and Value Funds, and through
subcontracts by the Managers of all the other Portfolios.
Where FT Services is employed directly by a Portfolio, it receives a monthly fee
equivalent on an annual basis to 0.15% of the average daily net assets of the
Portfolio, reduced to 0.135% of such assets in excess of $200 million, to 0.10%
of such assets in excess of $700 million, and to 0.075% of such assets in excess
of $1.2 billion. Where it is employed through a subcontract with the Manager,
the same fees schedule applies; however, its fees are not separate expenses of
the Portfolio but are paid by the Manager from the management fees received from
the Portfolio.
OPERATING EXPENSES. Each Portfolio pays its own operating expenses. These
expenses include, but may not be limited to: the Managers' management fees;
Portfolio administration fees where they are separate from the management fee;
taxes, if any; custodian, legal, and auditing fees; the fees and expenses of
trustees who are not members of, affiliated with or interested persons of the
Managers; salaries of any personnel not affiliated with the Managers; insurance
premiums; trade association dues; expenses of obtaining quotations for
calculating the value of the Portfolio's net assets; printing and other expenses
which are not expressly assumed by the Managers. Expenses incurred jointly by
more than one Portfolio will be apportioned on a pro rata basis.
PORTFOLIO OPERATIONS
The following persons are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of
each Portfolio, other than the Money Fund.
CAPITAL GROWTH FUND
Conrad B. Herrmann
Kevin Carrington
Vivian J. Palmieri
GLOBAL UTILITIES SECURITIES FUND
(FORMERLY UTILITY EQUITY FUND)
Gregory E. Johnson
Sally Edwards-Haff
Ian Link
GROWTH AND INCOME FUND
Frank Felicelli
Ernst Schleimer
INCOME SECURITIES FUND
Charles B. Johnson
Matthew F. Avery
Frederick G. Fromm
MUTUAL DISCOVERY SECURITIES AND
MUTUAL SHARES SECURITIES FUNDS
Michael F. Price
Peter Langerman
Jeffrey Altman
Robert Friedman
Raymond Garea
Lawrence Sondike
David E. Marcus
David J. Winters
REAL ESTATE SECURITIES FUND
Matthew F. Avery
Douglas Barton
RISING DIVIDENDS FUND
Donald G. Taylor
William Lippman
Bruce C. Baughman
Gerard P. Sullivan
Margaret McGee
SMALL CAP FUND
Edward B. Jamieson
Michael McCarthy
TEMPLETON DEVELOPING MARKETS EQUITY FUND
J. Mark Mobius, Ph.D.
H. Allan Lam
Tom Wu
Dennis Lim
Eddie Chow
Tek-Khoan Ong
TEMPLETON GLOBAL ASSET ALLOCATION FUND
Dale Winner
Thomas J. Dickson
Jeffrey A. Everett
Sean Farrington
TEMPLETON GLOBAL GROWTH FUND
Sean Farrington
Jeffrey A. Everett
Mark G. Holowesko
TEMPLETON INTERNATIONAL EQUITY FUND
Howard J. Leonard
Mark Beveridge
William Howard
TEMPLETON INTERNATIONAL SMALLER COMPANIES FUND
Simon Rudolph
Gary Clemons
Mark Beveridge
Peter Nori
Juan Benito-Martin
TEMPLETON PACIFIC GROWTH FUND
William T. Howard
Mark Beveridge
Gary Clemons
VALUE SECURITIES FUND
William Lippman
Gerard P. Sullivan
Bruce C. Baughman
Margaret McGee
BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION
Jeffrey Altman
Senior Vice President
Franklin Mutual Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Altman has a Bachelor of Science degree from Tulane University. Prior to
October 1996, Mr. Altman was employed as a Research Analyst and Trader for Heine
Securities Corporation, the predecessor of Franklin Mutual, an investment
adviser acquired by Resources, for at least 5 years. He has been with Franklin
Mutual Advisers, Inc. since November 1996 and has managed the Mutual Discovery
Fund and Mutual Shares Fund from inception.
Matthew F. Avery
Vice President
Franklin Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Avery holds a Master of Business Administration degree from the University
of California at Los Angeles. He earned his Bachelor of Science degree in
Industrial Engineering from Stanford University. He has been in the securities
industry since 1982 and with the Franklin Templeton Group since 1987. Mr. Avery
has managed the Income Securities Fund and the Real Estate Fund since their
inception.
Douglas Barton
Vice President
Franklin Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Barton is a Chartered Financial Analyst and holds a Master of Business
Administration degree from California State University in Hayward and a Bachelor
of Science degree from California State University in Chico. Mr. Barton has been
with the Franklin Templeton Group since July 1988 and will manage the Real
Estate Fund from May 1998.
Bruce C. Baughman
Vice President and Portfolio Manager
Franklin Advisory Services, Inc.
Mr. Baughman holds a Master of Science degree in Accounting from New York
University. He earned his Bachelor of Arts degree from Stanford University. Mr.
Baughman has been with the Franklin Templeton Group since 1988. He has managed
the Rising Dividends Fund since its inception and will manage the Value Fund
from inception.
Juan Benito-Martin
Portfolio Manager
Templeton Investment Counsel, Inc.
Mr. Benito-Martin holds a Master of Business Administration degree from the
Harvard Business School. He earned his MS/BS in Engineering from the
Polytechnical University of Valencia, Spain. Before joining the Franklin
Templeton Group in 1996, Mr. Benito-Martin was a management consultant and case
team leader with Monitor Company, a leading global strategy consulting firm in
Cambridge, Massachusetts. Mr. Benito has managed the International Smaller
Companies Fund since 1997.
Mark R. Beveridge
Vice President
Templeton Investment Counsel Inc.
Mr. Beveridge is a Chartered Financial Analyst and holds a Bachelor of Business
Administration degree in Finance from the University of Miami. He has been with
the Franklin Templeton Group since 1985 and has managed the International Equity
and Pacific Funds since 1994, and the International Smaller Companies Fund from
inception.
Kevin Carrington
Portfolio Manager
Franklin Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Carrington is a Charter Financial Analyst and holds a Bachelor of Science
degree in Business Administration from California State University at Chico. He
has been with the Franklin Templeton Group since 1992 and has managed the
Capital Growth Fund from inception.
Eddie Chow
Investment Analyst
Templeton Asset Management Ltd.
Mr. Chow holds a Master of Business Administration degree from the University of
Wisconsin-Milwaukee. Before joining the Franklin Templeton Group in 1994, he
worked for many years in the finance and banking industry. He has managed the
Developing Markets Fund since 1996.
Gary Clemons
Senior Vice President
Templeton Investment Counsel Inc.
Mr. Clemons holds a Master of Business Administration degree from the University
of Wisconsin at Madison. He earned his Bachelor of Science degree in Earth
Science from the University of Nevada at Reno. Mr. Clemons was a research
analyst for Structured Asset Management. He has been with the Franklin Templeton
Group since 1990 and has managed the Pacific Fund since 1994, and the
International Smaller Companies Fund from inception.
Thomas J. Dickson
Portfolio Manager
Templeton Investment Counsel, Inc.
Mr. Dickson received his Bachelor of Science degree in Managerial Economics from
the University of California at Davis. Mr. Dickson joined the Franklin Templeton
Group in 1992. He has managed the Asset Allocation Fund from inception.
Jeffrey A. Everett
Executive Vice President
Templeton Global Advisors Limited
Mr. Everett is a Chartered Financial Analyst and holds a Bachelor of Science
degree in Finance from Pennsylvania State University. Prior to joining
Templeton, he was an Investment Officer at First Pennsylvania Corporation and a
research coordinator for Centre Square Investment Group. He has been with the
Franklin Templeton Group since 1990 and has managed the Global Growth and the
Asset Allocation Funds from inception.
Sally Edwards-Haff
Vice President
Franklin Advisers, Inc.
Ms. Edwards-Haff is a Chartered Financial Analyst and holds a Bachelor of Arts
degree in Economics from the University of California at Santa Barbara. Ms.
Edwards-Haff is a member of several securities industry committees and
associations. She has been with the Franklin Templeton Group since 1986 and has
managed the Global Utility Fund (formerly the "Utility Fund") since 1990.
Sean Farrington
Vice President
Templeton Global Advisors Limited
Mr. Farrington, a Chartered Financial Analyst, has a Bachelor of Arts degree in
Economics from Harvard University. He is a member of a securities association.
He has been with the Templeton organization since 1991. He has managed the
Global Growth Fund since 1995, and the Asset Allocation Fund from inception.
Frank Felicelli, CFA
Vice President
Franklin Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Felicelli, a Chartered Financial Analyst, has a Master in Business
Administration from Golden Gate University and a Bachelor of Arts degree in
Economics from the University of Illinois. He is a member of several securities
industry-related committees and associations. Mr. Felicelli has been in the
industry since 1980 and with the Franklin Templeton Group since 1986. He has
managed the Growth and Income Fund since 1995.
Robert Friedman
Senior Vice President
Franklin Mutual Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Friedman has a Bachelor of Arts degree in Humanities from the John Hopkins
University and a Masters in Business Administration from the Wharton School,
University of Pennsylvania. Before November 1996, Mr. Friedman was a Research
Analyst for Heine Securities Corporation, the predecessor of Franklin Mutual, an
investment adviser acquired by Resources, for at least 5 years. He has been with
the Franklin Templeton Group since November 1996 and has managed the Mutual
Discovery and Mutual Shares Funds from inception.
Frederick G. Fromm
Portfolio Manager
Franklin Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Fromm holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Business Economics from the
University of California, Santa Barbara. He has been with the Franklin Templeton
Group since 1992 and has managed the Income Securities Fund since January 1998.
Raymond Garea
Senior Vice President
Franklin Mutual Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Garea has a Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering from Case Institute of
Technology and a Masters in Business Administration from the University of
Michigan. Before November 1996, he was a Research Analyst for Heine Securities
Corporation, the predecessor of Franklin Mutual, an investment adviser acquired
by Resources, for at least 5 years. He has been with the Franklin Templeton
Group since November 1996 and has managed the Mutual Discovery Securities Fund
and Mutual Shares Securities Fund from inception.
Conrad B. Herrmann, CFA
Vice President
Franklin Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Herrmann holds a Master of Business Administration degree from Harvard
University and a Bachelor of Arts degree from Brown University. Mr. Herrmann, a
Chartered Financial Analyst, has been with the Franklin Templeton Group since
1989. He has managed the Capital Growth Fund from inception.
Mark G. Holowesko
Director of Global Equity Research
Templeton Worldwide, Inc. and
President
Templeton Global Advisors Limited.
Mr. Holowesko is a Chartered Financial Analyst and Chartered Investment
Counselor. He holds a Master of Business Administration degree from Babson
College in Worcester, Massachusetts and a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics
from the College of The Holy Cross, also in Worcester, Massachusetts. He is a
member of several securities industry associations. Mr. Holowesko has been with
the Franklin Templeton Group since 1985 and has managed the Global Growth Fund
from inception.
William T. Howard, Jr.
Senior Vice President
Templeton Investment Counsel, Inc.
Mr. Howard is a Chartered Financial Analyst and holds a Master of Business
Administration degree from Emory University. He earned his Bachelor of Arts
degree from Rhodes College. Before joining the Templeton Group in 1993, Mr.
Howard was the international portfolio manager and analyst with the State of
Tennessee Consolidated Retirement System. He has managed the Pacific Fund since
1993.
Edward B. Jamieson
Senior Vice President
Franklin Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Jamieson holds a Masters degree in Accounting and Finance from the
University of Chicago Graduate School of Business and a Bachelor of Arts degree
from Bucknell University. He has been with the Franklin Templeton Group since
1987 and has managed the Small Cap Fund from inception.
Charles B. Johnson
Chairman of the Board and Director
Franklin Advisers, Inc., Franklin Advisory Services
and Franklin Investment Advisory Services, Inc.
Mr. Johnson holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics and Political Science
from Yale University. He has been with the Franklin Templeton Group since 1957.
Mr. Johnson is a member of several securities industry committees and
associations. He has managed the Income Securities Fund from inception.
Gregory E. Johnson
Vice President
Franklin Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Johnson holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Accounting and Business
Administration from Washington and Lee University and a certificate as a
Certified Public Accountant. He has been with the Franklin Templeton Group since
1986. Mr. Johnson is a member of several securities industry committees and
associations. He has managed the Global Utility Fund (formerly the Utility Fund)
from its inception.
H. Allan Lam
Vice President
Templeton Investment Management
(Hong Kong) Limited.
Mr. Lam holds a Bachelors of Arts degree in Accounting from Rutgers University.
He has had extensive auditing experience with Deloitte Touche & Tohmatsu and
KPMG Peat Marwick. He has been with the Franklin Templeton Group since 1987 and
has managed the Developing Markets Fund from inception.
Peter Langerman
Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer
Franklin Mutual Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Langerman has a Bachelor of Arts degree from Yale University, a Masters in
Science from New York University Graduate School of Business and a Juris Doctor
from Stanford University Law School. Before November 1996, he was a Research
Analyst for Heine Securities Corporation, the predecessor of Franklin Mutual, an
investment adviser acquired by Resources, for at least 5 years. He has been with
the Franklin Templeton Group since November 1996 and has managed the Mutual
Discovery and Mutual Shares Funds from inception.
Howard J. Leonard
Executive Vice President
Templeton Investment Counsel, Inc.
Mr. Leonard is a Chartered Financial Analyst and holds a bachelor of business
administration degree in Finance and Economics from Temple University. Before
joining the Franklin Templeton organization in 1989, Mr. Leonard was director of
investment research at First Pennsylvania Bank. Mr. Leonard has managed the
International Equity Fund since 1997.
Dennis Lim
Vice President
Templeton Asset Management Ltd.
Mr. Lim holds a Master of Science degree in Management (Finance Analysis), from
the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, (Beta Gamma Sigma, Delta Chapter of
Wisconsin). He earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Building Engineering from
the National University of Singapore. Prior to joining the Franklin Templeton
Group, in 1990, he worked for the Government of Singapore's Ministry of National
Development. He has managed the Developing Markets Fund since 1996.
Ian Link
Portfolio Manager
Franklin Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Link is a Chartered Financial Analyst and holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in
Economics from the University of California at Davis. He is a member of several
securities industry-related committees and associations. Mr. Link has been with
the Franklin Templeton Group since 1989, and has managed the Global Utility Fund
(formerly the Utility Fund) since March 1995.
William Lippman
President
Franklin Advisory Services, Inc.
Mr. Lippman holds a Master of Business Administration degree from the Graduate
School of Business Administration of New York University. He earned his Bachelor
of Science degree in Business Administration from City College New York. Mr.
Lippman has been in the securities industry for over 30 years and with the
Franklin Templeton Group since 1988. He has managed the Rising Dividends Fund
from inception and will manage the Value Fund from its inception.
David E. Marcus
Senior Vice President
Franklin Mutual Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Marcus holds a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration/Finance from
Northeastern University. Before November 1996, he was a Research Analyst for
Heine Securities Corporation, the predecessor of Franklin Mutual, an investment
adviser acquired by Resources. He has been with the Franklin Templeton Group
since November 1996 and has managed the Mutual Discovery and Mutual Shares Funds
since March 1998.
Michael McCarthy
Portfolio Manager
Franklin Advisers, Inc.
Mr. McCarthy holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in History from the University of
California at Los Angeles. He has been with the Franklin Templeton Group since
1992 and has managed the Small Cap Fund from inception.
Margaret McGee
Vice President
Franklin Advisory Services, Inc.
Ms. McGee holds a Bachelor of Arts degree from William Paterson College. She has
been in the securities industry since 1985 and with the Franklin Templeton Group
since 1988. She has managed the Rising Dividends Fund from inception, and will
manage the Value Fund from its inception.
J. Mark Mobius, Ph.D.
Managing Director and Portfolio Manager
Templeton Asset Management Ltd.
Dr. Mobius holds a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Economics and Political
Science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He earned his Bachelor's
and Master's degrees from Boston University. He is a member of several
industry-related associations. Dr. Mobius joined the Franklin Templeton Group in
1987 and has managed the Developing Markets Fund from inception.
Peter Nori
Vice President
Templeton Investment Counsel, Inc.
Mr. Nori is a Chartered Financial Analyst and holds both a Master of Business
Administration degree and a Bachelor of Science degree in Finance from the
University of San Francisco. After completing the Franklin management training
program, Mr. Nori joined Franklin portfolio research in 1990 as an equity
analyst. In 1994, Mr. Nori joined the Templeton organization. He has managed the
International Smaller Companies Fund since 1997.
Tek-Khoan Ong
Portfolio Manager
Templeton Asset Management Ltd.
Mr. Ong holds a Masters of Business Administration degree from the Wharton
School, University of Pennsylvania, graduating with distinction and on the
director's list. He earned a Masters of Science degree in Computing Science and
a Bachelor of Science degree in Civil Engineering, with honors, both from
Imperial College, University of London, UK. Before joining the Franklin
Templeton Group in 1993, he worked for the Monetary Authority of Singapore
(Singapore's central bank) for five years. He has managed the Developing Markets
Fund since 1996.
Vivian J. Palmieri
Vice President
Franklin Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Palmieri holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics from Williams College.
He has been with the Franklin Templeton Group since 1965 and has managed the
Capital Growth Fund from inception.
Michael F. Price
Chief Executive Officer and President
Franklin Mutual Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Price has a Bachelor of Arts degree in Business Administration from the
University of Oklahoma. Before November 1996, Mr. Price was President and
Chairman of Heine Securities Corporation, the predecessor of Franklin Mutual, an
investment adviser acquired by Resources, for at least 5 years. He became Chief
Executive Officer of Franklin Mutual in November 1996 and has managed the Mutual
Discovery and Mutual Shares Funds from inception.
Simon Rudolph
Vice President
Templeton Investment Counsel, Inc.
Mr. Rudolph is a Chartered Accountant and holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in
Economic History from Durham University in England. Mr. Rudolph has been a
securities analyst since 1986. Before joining the Franklin Templeton
organization in 1997, he was an executive director with Morgan Stanley. Mr.
Rudolph has managed the International Smaller Companies Fund since 1997.
Ernst Schleimer
Portfolio Manager
Franklin Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Schleimer holds a Master of Business Administration degree from the Stanford
School of Business and a Bachelor of Arts degree from Tufts University. Mr.
Schleimer has been with the Franklin Templeton Group since 1994, and before that
worked as a consultant at KPMG Peat Marwick. He has managed the Growth and
Income Fund since 1995.
Lawrence Sondike
Senior Vice President
Franklin Mutual Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Sondike has a Bachelor of Arts degree from Cornell University and a Masters
in Business Administration from New York University Graduate School of Business.
Before November 1996, he was a Research Analyst for Heine Securities
Corporation, the predecessor of Franklin Mutual, an investment adviser acquired
by Resources, for at least 5 years. He has been with the Franklin Templeton
Group since November 1996, and has managed the Mutual Discovery and Mutual
Shares Funds from inception.
Gerard P. Sullivan
Portfolio Manager
Franklin Advisory Services, Inc.
Mr. Sullivan holds a Master of Business Administration in Finance and Accounting
from the Columbia Graduate School of Business and a Bachelor of Arts degree in
Political Science from Columbia University. Before joining the Franklin
Templeton Group, he was a Portfolio Manager for SunAmerica Asset Management from
February 1995 to February 1998 and prior to that he was a Portfolio Manager for
Texas Commerce Investment Management & Co. from July 1993 to February 1995. Mr.
Sullivan has managed the Rising Dividends Fund since March 1998 and will manage
the Value Securities Fund from its inception.
Donald G. Taylor
Portfolio Manager
Franklin Advisory Services, Inc.
Mr. Taylor holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Economics from the University
of Pennsylvania - the Wharton School. Mr. Taylor has been with the Franklin
Templeton Group since June 1996. Before 1996 Mr. Taylor was a portfolio manager
for Fidelity Management & Research Co. Mr. Taylor has managed the Rising
Dividends Fund since 1996.
Dale A. Winner
Portfolio Manager
Templeton Global Advisors Limited
Mr. Winner received his LLB from Reading University, England and has
successfully completed a Level III Chartered Financial Analyst examination.
Prior to joining the Franklin Templeton Group in 1995, Mr. Winner was a Trust
Officer at J.P. Morgan, Bahamas for two years and before that he was a credit
analyst at Mitsui Trust, London for 5 years. He has managed the Asset Allocation
Fund since 1997.
David J. Winters
Senior Vice President
Franklin Mutual Advisers, Inc.
Mr. Winters is a Chartered Financial Analyst and holds a Bachelor of Arts degree
in Economics from Cornell University. Before November 1996, he was a Research
Analyst for Heine Securities Corporation, the predecessor of Franklin Mutual, an
investment adviser acquired by Resources. He has been with the Franklin
Templeton Group since November 1996 and has managed the Mutual Discovery and
Mutual Shares Funds since March 1998.
Tom Wu
Director
Templeton Asset Management Ltd.
Mr. Wu holds a Master of Business Administration degree from the University of
Oregon. He earned a Bachelor of Social Science Degree in Economics from the
University of Hong Kong. Before joining the Franklin Templeton Group in 1987, he
was a stockbroker at Vickers da Costa Hong Kong Ltd. He has managed the
Developing Markets Fund from inception.
PURCHASE, REDEMPTION, AND EXCHANGE OF SHARES
PURCHASES OF SHARES
As noted in the Introduction, shares of each Portfolio are currently sold only
to the Variable Accounts of the Insurance Companies, to fund the benefits under
their Policies.
The Trust serves as an investment vehicle for both variable annuity and variable
life insurance contracts. Therefore, the Trust's Board monitors events in order
to identify any material conflicts between variable annuity contract owners and
variable life contract owners and will determine what action, if any, should be
taken in the event of such a conflict. Although the Trust does not currently
foresee any disadvantages to contract owners, an irreconcilable material
conflict may conceivably arise between contract owners of different separate
accounts investing in the Portfolio due to differences in tax treatment, the
management of investments, or other considerations. If such a conflict were to
occur, one of the Variable Accounts might withdraw its investment in a
Portfolio. This might force the Portfolio to sell portfolio securities at
disadvantageous prices.
The applicable Insurance Company Variable Account purchases shares of each
Portfolio using purchase payments allocated to one or more of the Contract
Sub-Accounts of each Variable Account, as selected by the Contract Owners.
Shares are purchased by the Variable Accounts at the net asset value of each
respective Portfolio next determined after the Portfolio receives the purchase
payment in good order and are credited to each Contract Sub-Account in the form
of full and fractional shares (rounded to the nearest 1/1000 of a share).
The Portfolios do not issue share certificates. Initial and subsequent payments
allocated to a specific Portfolio are subject to the limits applicable in the
Contracts issued by the Insurance Company.
REDEMPTIONS OF SHARES
Each Insurance Company redeems shares of the applicable Portfolio to make
benefit or surrender payments under the terms of its Contracts. Redemptions are
processed on any day on which the Portfolios are open for business (each day the
New York Stock Exchange is open) and are effected at the Portfolio's net asset
value next determined after the Portfolio receives the appropriate order from
the Variable Accounts.
Payment for redeemed shares will be made within seven days after receipt of the
redemption order in proper form. However, under unusual circumstances, the Trust
may suspend redemptions or postpone payment for more than seven days as
permitted by federal securities law. Redemptions are taxable events, and the
amount received upon redemption of the shares of any of the Portfolios may be
more or less than the amount paid for the shares, depending upon the
fluctuations in the market value of the assets constituting the investments of
that Portfolio.
If a substantial portion of any Portfolio's shares should be redeemed within a
short period, the Portfolio might have to liquidate portfolio securities it
might otherwise hold and also incur the additional costs related to such
transactions.
EXCHANGES OF SHARES
Shares of any one Portfolio may be exchanged for shares of any other Portfolios
in the Trust, all of which are described in this prospectus, subject to the
terms of the Contract prospectus. Exchanges are treated as a redemption of
shares of one Portfolio and a purchase of shares of one or more of the other
Portfolios and are effected at the respective net asset value per share of each
Portfolio on the date of the exchange.
Neither the Trust nor the Variable Accounts are designed for professional market
timing organizations, other entities, or individuals using programmed, large
and/or frequent transfers. The Variable Accounts, in coordination with the
Trust, reserve the right to temporarily or permanently refuse exchange requests
if, in the Managers' judgment, a Portfolio would be unable to invest effectively
in accordance with its investment objectives and policies, or would otherwise
potentially be adversely affected. In particular, a pattern of exchanges that
coincide with a "market timing" strategy may be disruptive to a Portfolio and
therefore may be refused. Accounts under common ownership or control may be
aggregated for purposes of the transfer limits. Investors should consult the
Variable Account prospectus of the specific insurance product that accompanies
this Trust prospectus for information on other specific limitations on the
transfer privilege.
The Trust reserves the right to modify or discontinue its exchange program at
any time upon 60 days' notice to the Insurance Companies.
INCOME DIVIDENDS AND
CAPITAL GAINS DISTRIBUTIONS
Each Portfolio, other than the Money Fund, will declare and pay to the
appropriate Sub-Account of the Variable Account once each year following the
close of the calendar year (i) all net investment income (which includes
dividends and interest paid on each Portfolio's investments less expenses
incurred in the Portfolio's operations) and (ii) all net realized short-term and
long-term capital gains, if any, earned during the preceding year.
The Money Fund declares a dividend each day the Portfolio's net asset value is
calculated, equal to all of its daily net income, payable to the appropriate
Sub-Account of the Variable Account as of the close of business the preceding
day. The amount of dividend may fluctuate from day to day and may be omitted on
some days, depending on changes in the factors that comprise the Portfolio's net
income.
Any distributions made by the Portfolios will be automatically reinvested in
additional Shares of that Portfolio. Dividends or distributions by the
Portfolios will reduce the per share net asset value by the per share amount so
paid.
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value per share of each Portfolio is determined as of the close of
the New York Stock Exchange, normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time. To calculate the
Net Asset Value per share of each Portfolio, the assets of each Portfolio are
valued and totaled, liabilities are subtracted, and the balance, called net
assets, is divided by the number of shares outstanding. The assets in each
Portfolio are valued as described under "Additional Information Regarding
Valuation and Redemption of Shares of the Portfolios" in the SAI.
TAX CONSIDERATIONS
Each Portfolio of the Trust is treated as a separate entity for federal income
tax purposes. Each Portfolio intends to qualify or continue to qualify for
treatment as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code. By
distributing all of its income, and meeting certain other requirements relating
to the sources of its income and diversification of its assets, each Portfolio
will not be subject to federal income taxes.
In order to ensure that individuals holding the Policies whose assets are
invested in a Portfolio will not be subject to federal income tax on
distributions made by the Portfolio prior to the receipt of payments under the
Policies, each Portfolio intends to comply with the additional requirements of
Section 817(h) of the Code relating to diversification of its assets.
The Portfolios are not subject to any federal excise tax on undistributed income
because their shares are held exclusively by segregated asset accounts of an
insurance company in connection with variable contracts.
Foreign securities that meet the definition in the Code of a Passive Foreign
Investment Company (a "PFIC") may subject a Portfolio to an income tax and
interest charge with respect to such investments. To the extent possible, the
Portfolio will avoid such treatment by not investing in known PFIC securities or
by adopting other strategies for any PFIC securities it does purchase.
Foreign exchange gains and losses realized by the Portfolios in connection with
certain transactions involving foreign currencies, foreign currency payables or
receivables, foreign currency-denominated debt obligations, foreign currency
forward contracts, and options or futures contracts on foreign currencies are
subject to special tax rules which may cause such gains and losses to be treated
as ordinary income and losses rather than capital gains and losses and may
affect the amount and timing of the Portfolios' income or loss from such
transactions and, in turn, its distributions to shareholders.
Holders of Policies under which assets are invested in the Trust should refer to
the prospectus for the Policies for information regarding the tax aspects of
ownership of such Policies.
HOW THE TRUST MEASURES PERFORMANCE
Advertisements, sales literature, hypothetical personalized illustrations, and
communications with Contract Owners and others may cite a Portfolio's
performance calculated on a total return, current yield or current distribution
rate basis. Total return figures show the change in value of a hypothetical past
investment as a percentage of the investment, assuming any dividends and capital
gains are reinvested. Total return figures will indicate the time periods used,
whether figures are cumulative or annualized and whether the effects of sales
charges are included. Current yield for each Portfolio (except the Money Fund)
shows the an annualization of income per share earned by that Portfolio over a
recent 30 day period, and is shown as a percentage of the investment. The
current distribution rate for a Portfolio (other than the Money Fund) is usually
computed by annualizing the dividends paid per share during the most recent
preceding fiscal quarter and dividing that amount by the net asset value at the
end of the period. Unlike current yield, the current distribution rate may
include income distributions from sources other than dividends and interest
received by each Portfolio. Performance data will include uniformly computed
performance figures for comparative purposes.
From time to time, the Money Fund may advertise its current and effective yield.
The Money Fund's current yield refers to an annualization of the income
generated by an investment over a stated seven-day period, and is shown as a
percentage of the investment. The Money Fund's effective yield is calculated
similarly but, when annualized, the income earned is assumed to be reinvested.
The effective yield will be slightly higher than the yield because of the
compounding effect of this assumed reinvestment.
Each Portfolio's investment results will vary. Performance figures are always
based on past performance and do not indicate future results. Hypothetical
performance information may also be prepared for sales literature or
advertisements. For additional information, see the SAI "How the Trust Measures
Performance" and the appropriate insurance company separate account prospectus
and SAI.
GENERAL INFORMATION
DISTRIBUTION PLANS
Each Portfolio's management agreement includes a distribution or "Rule 12b-1"
plan (the "Plan"). However, no payments are to be made by any Portfolio as a
result of the Plan. The Portfolios do not make any payments other than payments
for which the Portfolios are otherwise obligated to make pursuant to the
applicable then effective management agreement or as incurred in the ordinary
course of their business. To the extent any of the foregoing are nevertheless
deemed indirectly to be payments for the financing of any activity primarily
intended to result in the sale of shares issued by the Portfolio within the
context of rule 12b-1, such payments shall be deemed to have been made pursuant
to the Plan (sometimes referred to as a "defensive 12b-1 Plan"). In connection
with their approval of the applicable management agreements, the Board of
Trustees, including a majority of the non-interested trustees, determined that,
in the exercise of their reasonable business judgment and in light of their
fiduciary duties, there is a reasonable likelihood that the implementation of
the respective Plans will benefit each Portfolio and the Contract Owners whose
purchase payments have indirectly been invested in each Portfolio. For further
details of these Plans, see the SAI.
REPORTS
The Trust's fiscal year ends December 31. Annual Reports containing audited
financial statements of the Trust and Semi-Annual Reports containing unaudited
financial statements, as well as proxy materials, are sent to Contract Owners,
annuitants or beneficiaries, as appropriate. Inquiries may be directed to the
Trust at the telephone number or address set forth on the cover page of this
prospectus.
TRANSFER AGENT
Franklin Templeton Investor Services, Inc., 777 Mariners Island Blvd., P.O. Box
7777, San Mateo, California 94403-7777, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Franklin
Resources, Inc. and a transfer agent maintains shareholder records, processes
purchases and redemptions of each Portfolio's shares, and serves as each
Portfolio's dividend-paying agent.
YEAR 2000
Like other mutual funds, the Trust could be adversely affected if the computer
systems used by the Managers and other service providers do not properly process
date-related information after January 1, 2000 ("Year 2000 Issue"). The Year
2000 Issue, and in particular foreign service providers' responsiveness to these
issues, could affect portfolio and operational areas. These areas include the
handling of securities trades, payments of interest and dividends, securities
pricing, shareholder account services, custody functions, and others. While
there can be no assurance that the Trust will not be adversely affected, the
Managers are taking steps that they believe are reasonably designed to address
the Year 2000 Issue, including seeking reasonable assurances from the Trust's
major service providers.
VOTING PRIVILEGES AND OTHER RIGHTS
The Trust was organized as a Massachusetts business trust under an Agreement and
Declaration of Trust which permits the trustees to issue an unlimited number of
full and fractional shares of beneficial interest, with a par value of $.01,
which may be issued in any number of series. Shares issued by each Portfolio
will be fully paid and nonassessable and will have no preemptive, conversion, or
sinking rights.
Shares of each Portfolio have equal voting rights and vote separately (from
other Portfolios in the Trust) as to issues affecting that Portfolio, or the
Trust, unless otherwise permitted. The Trust has noncumulative voting rights.
This gives holders of more than 50% of the shares voting the ability to elect
all of the Trustees. If this happens, holders of the remaining shares voting
will not be able to elect any Trustees. The Trust does not intend to hold annual
shareholder meetings. It may hold a special meeting, however, for matters
requiring shareholder approval. A meeting may also be called by the trustees, at
their discretion, or by shareholders holding at least 10% of the outstanding
shares of any Portfolio. The Trust is required to help a shareholder communicate
with other shareholders in connection with removing trustees. For information
regarding voting privileges of Contract Owners, see the accompanying insurance
company separate account prospectus, under "Voting Rights."
The Board of Trustees may from time to time issue other series, the assets and
liabilities of which will likewise be separate and distinct from any other
series.
APPENDIX
DESCRIPTION OF BOND RATINGS*
MOODY'S
AAA - Bonds rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the
smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as
"gilt-edged." Interest payments are protected by a large or exceptionally stable
margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely
to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the
fundamentally strong position of such issues.
AA - Bonds rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together
with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high grade bonds.
They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not
be as large, fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude, or
there may be other elements present which make the long-term risks appear
somewhat larger.
A - Bonds rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are
considered upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal
and interest are considered adequate but elements may be present which suggest a
susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.
BAA - Bonds rated Baa are considered medium grade obligations. They are neither
highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments and principal security
appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking
or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such
bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative
characteristics as well.
BA - Bonds rated Ba are judged to have predominantly speculative elements and
their future cannot be considered well assured. Often the protection of interest
and principal payments is very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during
both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes
bonds in this class.
B - Bonds rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment.
Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of
the contract over any long period of time may be small.
CAA - Bonds rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or
there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.
CA - Bonds rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a high
degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.
C - Bonds rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and can be regarded as
having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing.
NOTE: Moody's applies numerical modifiers 1, 2 and 3 in each generic rating
classification from Aa through B in its corporate bond ratings. The modifier 1
indicates that the security ranks in the higher end of its generic rating
category; modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and modifier 3 indicates
that the issue ranks in the lower end of its generic rating category.
S&P
AAA - This is the highest rating assigned by S&P to a debt obligation and
indicates an extremely strong capacity to pay principal and interest.
AA - Bonds rated AA also qualify as high-quality debt obligations. Capacity to
pay principal and interest is very strong and, in the majority of instances,
differ from AAA issues only in small degree.
A - Bonds rated A have a strong capacity to pay principal and interest, although
they are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in
circumstances and economic conditions.
BBB - Bonds rated BBB are regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay
principal and interest. Whereas they normally exhibit protection parameters,
adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to
a weakened capacity to pay principal and interest for bonds in this category
than for bonds in the A category.
BB, B, CCC, CC - Bonds rated BB, B, CCC and CC are regarded, on balance, as
predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer's capacity to pay interest
and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligations. BB
indicates the lowest degree of speculation and CC the highest degree of
speculation. While such bonds will likely have some quality and protective
characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk
exposures to adverse conditions.
C - Bonds rated C are typically subordinated debt to senior debt that is
assigned an actual or implied CCC- rating. The C rating may also reflect the
filing of a bankruptcy petition under circumstances where debt service payments
are continuing. The C1 rating is reserved for income bonds on which no interest
is being paid.
D - Debt rated D is in default and payment of interest and/or repayment of
principal is in arrears.
PLUS (+) OR MINUS (-): The ratings from "AA" to "CCC" may be modified by the
addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing within the major
rating categories.
DESCRIPTION OF COMMERCIAL PAPER RATINGS
MOODY'S
Moody's commercial paper ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to repay
punctually their promissory obligations not having an original maturity in
excess of nine months. Moody's employs the following designations, all judged to
be investment grade, to indicate the relative repayment capacity of rated
issuers:
P-1 (PRIME-1): Superior capacity for repayment.
P-2 (PRIME-2): Strong capacity for repayment.
S&P
S&P's ratings are a current assessment of the likelihood of timely payment of
debt having an original maturity of no more than 365 days. Ratings are graded
into four categories, ranging from "A" for the highest quality obligations to
"D" for the lowest. Issues within the "A" category are delineated with the
numbers 1, 2 and 3 to indicate the relative degree of safety, as follows:
A-1: This designation indicates the degree of safety regarding timely payment is
very strong. A "plus" (+) designation indicates an even stronger likelihood of
timely payment.
A-2: Capacity for timely payment on issues with this designation is strong.
However, the relative degree of safety is not as overwhelming as for issues
designated A-1.
A-3: Issues carrying this designation have a satisfactory capacity for timely
payment. They are, however, somewhat more vulnerable to the adverse effects of
changes in circumstances than obligations carrying the higher designations.