Putnam
Managed
Municipal
Income Trust
SEMIANNUAL REPORT ON PERFORMANCE AND OUTLOOK
4-30-00
[SCALE LOGO OMITTED]
FROM THE CHAIRMAN
[GRAPHIC OMITTED: PHOTO OF GEORGE PUTNAM]
[COPYRIGHT] Karsh, Ottawa
Dear Shareholder:
The health of the U.S. economy remains quite strong, providing states
and municipalities throughout the nation with higher tax revenues and
improving creditworthiness. For municipal bond holders, however, such
prosperity represents a quandary. Strong economic growth raises the risk
of higher inflation and higher interest rates to combat that threat,
eroding the value of tax-free investments. What is a municipal bond
investor to do?
Your fund's management believes the right thing to do is sit tight. Even
if more interest-rate increases are in the cards over the near term, the
Federal Reserve Board's aggressive tightening is reassuring investors
that inflation will not spiral out of control. Meanwhile, Fund Manager
Richard P. Wyke is making the most of his buying opportunities in the
bond market selloff, positioning Putnam Managed Municipal Income Trust
for brighter days.
Total return for 6 months ended 4/30/00
NAV Market price
-------------------------------
0.72% 1.09%
-------------------------------
Past performance is not indicative of future results. Performance
information for longer periods begins on page 7.
* VIGILANT FED AT HELM
The Fed's aggressive interest-rate policy and growing inflation concerns
have had a negative effect on bond prices, as evidenced by the
performance of your fund for the first half of its fiscal year. Bonds
did experience a temporary reprieve in mid February, when the U.S.
Treasury announced a buy-back program of outstanding debt. This event,
combined with rising expectations that the economy would begin to slow
down in the second half of the year, sparked a powerful rally in
fixed-income markets. Yields on tax-free securities at the long end of
the municipal bond yield curve fell approximately 45 basis points.
[GRAPHIC OMITTED: horizontal bar chart TOP INDUSTRY SECTORS]
TOP INDUSTRY SECTORS*
Health care 28.2%
Transportation 24.0%
Utilities 15.5%
Housing 5.5%
Education 2.4%
Footnote reads:
*Based on net assets as of 4/30/00. Holdings will vary over time.
New statistics in March and April however, indicated that the economy
was not cooling down. Consumer spending, the growth engine for the past
two years, remains robust, and inflationary pressures exist. With
investors' upbeat mood effectively squelched, municipal bond prices
retreated for the balance of the reporting period. Interest rates at
both ends of the yield curve began to climb again in expectation of more
aggressive Fed tightening.
Despite the increase in short-term rates, leveraging strategies remain a
powerful tool for enhancing the fund's dividend. This technique involves
issuing preferred shares that pay dividends at prevailing short-term
rates and then selling these shares to corporate and institutional
investors. The resulting proceeds are then invested in longer-term bonds
with higher yields. The difference between the dividend paid to the
holders of the preferred shares and the income earned by the fund from
its longer-term investments augments the flow of income to holders of
common shares.
* SEEKING OPPORTUNITY IN VOLATILITY
Your fund's manager understands that volatile markets are not easy for
investors but that they do provide myriad opportunities to increase
yield, find exceptional credits, and improve call protection, strategies
that can be quite rewarding for municipal bond investors over time. Much
of Rick's efforts were focused on extending the fund's duration, which
climbed from 7.65 years to 10.03 years over the six months. Duration
measures the portfolio's maturity structure and reflects the price
sensitivity of holdings to changes in interest rates. A longer duration
can mean a more volatile net asset value if rates increase but also one
more likely to appreciate substantially when rates decline.
[GRAPHIC OMITTED: pie chart CREDIT QUALITY OVERVIEW]
CREDIT QUALITY OVERVIEW*
AAA/Aaa -- 33.1%
AA/Aa -- 2.2%
A -- 12.4%
BBB/Baa -- 28.7%
BB/Ba -- 11.5%
B and under -- 12.1%
Footnote reads:
*As a percentage of market value as of 4/30/00. A bond rated Baa/BBB or
higher is considered investment grade. Percentages may include unrated
bonds considered by Putnam Management to be of comparable quality. Ratings
will vary over time.
With the increase in interest rates has come a dramatic widening of
credit spreads between lower-yielding higher-quality municipal bonds and
higher-yielding lower-quality municipal bonds. This spread was most
pronounced in January and March, and Rick took advantage of the more
affordable prices in the lower end of the credit spectrum to buy several
new holdings in the hospital sector. Since the advent of the Balanced
Budget Act and its mandate for lower Medicare reimbursements, the
health-care industry has undergone massive restructurings and
cost-cutting programs. Mountain States Healthcare System for Johnson
City Medical Center is an example of a hospital that is increasing
market share to create a regional presence in Tennessee.
Rick has also added several bonds that are financing the construction of
toll roads. The E470 Public Highway Authority senior subordinate bonds
funded a 14-mile extension between the Denver International Airport and
Interstate 25 to the north. The bonds, which carry a 7.75% yield and
Moody's and Standard & Poor's ratings of Baa3 and BBB-, respectively,
are almost entirely insured by MBIA. While these holdings, along with
others discussed in this report, were viewed favorably at the end of the
period, all are subject to review and adjustment in accordance with the
fund's investment strategy and may vary in the future.
"Now is a particularly good time to look at [municipals], since muni debt
is paying as much as 30-year Treasuries -- and it's tax-exempt."
-- Smart Money.com, April 20, 2000
Another strategy Rick used during the period involved selling
prerefunded bonds, which have short maturities, and replacing them with
bonds offering a similar yield but much longer maturities. In a
prerefunding, the municipality issues new bonds to pay off the original
bond issue at the first call date or maturity. Proceeds from the new
issue in an amount sufficient to pay off the entire original bond issue
are invested in an escrow fund made up of short-term U.S. securities.
* PATIENCE WILL BEAR FRUIT
When interest rates are rising, a natural reaction among investors can
be to choose guaranteed certificates of deposit over fund investments
because the income from CDs seems increasingly more appealing. However,
in such an environment, investors may find they end up with only one to
two years of attractive income and then are out of the bond market
during the period of its strongest returns. Although the principal value
on CDs is generally insured and their rate of return is fixed, a fund
investment's value and return will fluctuate. CDs may be subject to
penalties for early withdrawals and the income they provide is fully
taxable.
Since the Fed's monetary policy acts with a lag, your fund's manager
continues to believe that inflation pressures remain tame and the Fed
rate increases will eventually take hold and slow the economy. The
markets are likely to be unstable near term, but once economic reports
show that economic growth is slowing, bond markets, including the
municipal bond market, should respond positively, Rick believes.
* UPCOMING TRANSITION
This is my last letter to you and other Putnam Managed Municipal Income
Trust shareholders. After more than 30 years as Chairman of the Trustees
and President of the Putnam Funds, the time has come for me to step
aside. As of July 1, 2000, John Hill will become Chairman. John is
currently an independent Trustee and has served on the Board for the
past 14 years. In addition, my son, George Putnam, III, will take on the
role of President. I am confident that the leadership of the funds will
be in exceptionally strong hands. I will become Chairman Emeritus,
remain a shareholder, and stay in close touch with the funds.
Respectfully yours,
/S/GEORGE PUTNAM
George Putnam
Chairman of the Trustees
June 21, 2000
The views expressed here are exclusively those of Putnam Management.
They are not meant as investment advice. Although the described holdings
were viewed favorably as of 4/30/00, there is no guarantee the fund will
continue to hold these securities in the future.
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY
This section provides information about your fund's performance, which
should always be considered in light of its investment strategy. Putnam
Managed Municipal Income Trust is designed for investors seeking high
current income free from federal income tax through a diversified
portfolio of tax-exempt securities.
TOTAL RETURN FOR PERIODS ENDED 4/30/00
Lehman Bros.
Market Municipal Consumer
NAV price Bond Index price index
----------------------------------------------------------------------
6 months 0.72% 1.09% 2.63% 1.84%
----------------------------------------------------------------------
1 year -4.60 -5.34 -0.92 3.01
----------------------------------------------------------------------
5 years 25.06 34.27 33.34 12.71
Annual average 4.57 6.07 5.92 2.42
----------------------------------------------------------------------
10 years 105.57 126.41 99.87 32.82
Annual average 7.47 8.52 7.17 2.88
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Life of fund
(since 2/24/89) 117.10 126.71 118.84 40.79
Annual average 7.18 7.60 7.26 3.11
----------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL RETURN FOR PERIODS ENDED 3/31/00 (most recent calendar quarter)
Market
NAV price
-------------------------------------
6 months -0.72% -2.76%
-------------------------------------
1 year -3.54 -9.28
-------------------------------------
5 years 25.99 34.91
Annual average 4.73 6.17
-------------------------------------
10 years 104.60 120.40
Annual average 7.42 8.22
-------------------------------------
Life of fund
(since 2/24/89) 118.64 122.16
Annual average 7.30 7.46
-------------------------------------
Past performance is no assurance of future results. More recent returns
may be more or less than those shown. They do not take into account any
adjustment for taxes payable on reinvested distributions. Investment
returns and principal value will fluctuate so that an investor's shares
when sold may be worth more or less than their original cost.
PRICE AND DISTRIBUTION INFORMATION 6 MONTHS ENDED 4/30/00
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distributions (common shares)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number 6
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Income $0.382
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Capital gains1 --
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Total $0.382
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Preferred shares Series A Series B Series C
(550 shares) (550 shares) (650 shares)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income $2,010.96 $2,040.27 $1,986.26
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Capital gains1 -- -- --
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $2,010.96 $2,040.27 $1,986.26
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Share value (common shares) NAV Market price
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
10/31/99 $8.77 $9.813
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
4/30/00 8.46 9.500
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Current return (common shares)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Current dividend rate2 9.01% 8.02%
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Taxable equivalent3 14.92 13.28
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1Capital gains, if any, are taxable for federal and, in most cases,
state tax purposes. For some investors, investment income may also be
subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. Investment income may be
subject to state and local taxes.
2Income portion of most recent distribution, annualized and divided by
NAV or market price at end of period.
3Assumes maximum 39.6% combined federal and state tax rate. Results for
investors subject to lower tax rates would not be as advantageous.
TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Total return shows how the value of the fund's shares changed over time,
assuming you held the shares through the entire period and reinvested
all distributions in the fund.
Net asset value (NAV) is the value of all your fund's assets, minus any
liabilities and the net assets allocated to remarketed preferred shares,
divided by the number of outstanding common shares.
Market price is the current trading price of one share of the fund.
Market prices are set by transactions between buyers and sellers on the
New York Stock Exchange.
COMPARATIVE BENCHMARKS
Lehman Brothers Municipal Bond Index is an unmanaged list of long-term
fixed-rate investment-grade tax-exempt bonds representative of the
municipal bond market. The index assumes reinvestment of all
distributions and interest payments and does not take into account
brokerage fees or taxes. Securities in the fund do not match those in
the indexes and performance of the fund will differ. It is not possible
to invest directly in an index.
Consumer price index (CPI) is a commonly used measure of inflation; it
does not represent an investment return.
A GUIDE TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
These sections of the report constitute the fund's financial statements.
The fund's portfolio lists all the fund's investments and their values
as of the last day of the reporting period. Holdings are organized by
asset type and industry sector, country, or state to show areas of
concentration and diversification.
Statement of assets and liabilities shows how the fund's net assets and
share price are determined. All investment and noninvestment assets are
added together. Any unpaid expenses and other liabilities are
subtracted from this total. The result is divided by the number of
shares to determine the net asset value per share, which is calculated
separately for each class of shares. (For funds with preferred shares,
the amount subtracted from total assets includes the net assets
allocated to remarketed preferred shares.)
Statement of operations shows the fund's net investment gain or loss
for the reporting period. This is determined by adding up all the fund's
earnings -- from dividends and interest income -- and subtracting its
operating expenses. This statement also lists any net gain or loss the
fund realized on the sales of its holdings and -- for holdings that
remain in the portfolio -- any change in unrealized gains or losses over
the period.
Statement of changes in net assets shows how the fund's net assets were
affected by distributions to shareholders and by changes in the number
of the fund's shares. It lists distributions and their sources (net
investment income or realized capital gains) over the current reporting
period and the most recent fiscal year-end. The distributions listed
here may not match the sources listed in the Statement of operations
because the distributions are determined on a tax basis and may be paid
in a different period from the one in which they were earned.
Financial highlights provide an overview of the fund's investment
results, per-share distributions, expense ratios, net investment income
ratios and portfolio turnover in one summary table, reflecting the five
most recent reporting periods. In a semiannual report, the highlight
table also includes the current reporting period. For open-end funds, a
separate table is provided for each share class.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THE FUND'S PORTFOLIO
April 30, 2000 (Unaudited)
KEY TO ABBREVIATIONS
AMBAC -- AMBAC Indemnity Corporation
COP -- Certificate of Participation
FGIC -- Financial Guaranty Insurance Company
FSA -- Financial Security Assurance
GNMA Coll. -- Government National Mortgage Association Collateralized
G.O. Bonds -- General Obligation Bonds
IFB -- Inverse Floating Rate Bonds
IF COP -- Inverse Floating Rate Certificate of Participation
LOC -- Letter of Credit
MBIA -- Municipal Bond Investors Assurance Corporation
U.S. Govt. Coll. -- U.S. Government Collateralized
MUNICIPAL BONDS AND NOTES (97.1%) (a)
PRINCIPAL AMOUNT RATING (RAT) VALUE
<S> <C> <C>
Alabama (1.0%)
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$4,000,000 Baldwin Cnty., Eastern Shore Hlth. Care Auth.
Hosp. Rev. Bonds (Thomas Hospital), 6 3/4s,
4/1/21 Baa3 $ 3,755,000
2,400,000 Jefferson Cnty., Swr. Rev. Bonds, Ser. A, FGIC,
5s, 2/1/33 Aaa 2,043,000
----------------
5,798,000
Alaska (0.4%)
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2,000,000 Valdez, Marine Term. Rev. Bonds (Sohio Pipeline),
7 1/8s, 12/1/25 Aa1 2,107,500
Arizona (2.8%)
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5,000,000 Apache Cnty., Indl. Dev. Auth. Poll. Control Rev.
Bonds (Tuscon Elec. Pwr. Co.), Ser. B, 5 7/8s,
3/1/33 Ba3 4,275,000
4,000,000 Coconino Cnty., Poll. Control Corp. Rev. Bonds
(Tuscon/Navajo Elec. Pwr.), Ser. A,
7 1/8s, 10/1/32 Ba3 4,090,000
5,000,000 Phoenix, Indl. Dev. Auth. Arpt. Fac. Rev. Bonds
(America West Airlines), 6 1/4s, 6/1/19 B1 4,606,250
2,750,000 Tucson, Arpt. Auth. Special Fac. Rev. Bonds
(Lockheed Aermod Ctr. Inc.), 8.7s, 9/1/19 Baa3 2,829,530
----------------
15,800,780
Arkansas (1.9%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4,600,000 AR State Hosp. Dev. Fin. Auth. Rev. Bonds
(WA Regl. Med. Ctr.), 7 3/8s, 2/1/29 Baa3 4,531,000
6,000,000 Northwest Regl. Apt. Auth. Rev. Bonds,
7 5/8s, 2/1/27 BB/P 6,255,000
----------------
10,786,000
California (9.9%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7,000,000 CA Hlth. Fac. Fin. Auth. IFB (Catholic Healthcare
West), AMBAC, 6.786s, 7/1/17 Aaa 6,378,750
3,400,000 CA Hlth. Facs. Fin. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Sutter Health),
Ser. A, 5 3/8s, 8/15/30 AAA 3,089,750
3,000,000 CA Statewide Cmnty. Dev. Auth. COP
(The Internext Group), 5 3/8s, 4/1/30 BBB 2,415,000
Corona, COP (Vista Hosp. Syst.)
2,775,000 Ser. B, 9 1/2s, 7/1/20 (acquired 10/23/92,
cost $2,775,000) (RES) B-/P 2,608,500
5,000,000 Ser. C, 8 3/8s, 7/1/11 (acquired 3/5/96,
cost $5,000,000) (RES) B-/P 4,675,000
3,500,000 San Bernardino Cnty., IF COP
(PA-100-Med. Ctr. Fin.), MBIA, 6 1/2s, 8/1/28
(acquired 6/27/95, cost $22,664,040) (RES) AAA/P 4,143,125
3,000,000 San Luis Obispo, COP (Vista Hosp. Syst. Inc.),
8 3/8s, 7/1/29 (acquired 7/28/97,
cost $3,000,000) (RES) B-/P 2,775,000
8,750,000 Santa Clara Cnty. Fin. Auth. Lease Rev. Bonds
(Vmc. Fac. Replacement), Ser. A, AMBAC,
6 3/4s, 11/15/20 Aaa 9,592,188
14,190,000 U. of CA Rev. Bonds (UCSD Med. Ctr.
Satellite Med. Fac.), 7.9s, 12/1/19 A-/P 14,315,723
7,500,000 Valley Hlth. Syst. Hosp. Rev. Bonds, 6 1/2s,
5/15/25 BBB- 6,740,625
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56,733,661
Colorado (3.9%)
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5,000,000 CO Edl. Fac. Auth. Rev. Bonds
(Ocean Journey, Inc.), 8.3s, 12/1/17 B+/P 5,531,250
14,000,000 CO Pub. Hwy. Auth. Rev. Bonds (E-470 Pub. Hwy.),
Ser. B, zero %, 9/1/35 Baa3 945,000
Denver, City & Cnty. Arpt. Rev. Bonds
2,940,000 Ser. A, 8 3/4s, 11/15/23 Baa1 3,131,100
6,980,000 Ser. A, MBIA, 8 1/2s, 11/15/23 Aaa 7,248,032
1,775,000 Ser. A, 7 3/4s, 11/15/21 Baa1 1,868,188
1,050,000 Ser. D, 7 3/4s, 11/15/13 Baa1 1,204,875
Denver, City & Cnty. Arpt. Rev. Bonds,
Prerefunded, Ser. A
1,060,000 8 3/4s, 11/15/23 Aaa 1,140,825
665,000 MBIA, 8 1/2s, 11/15/23 Aaa 692,012
465,000 7 3/4s, 11/15/21 Aaa 494,063
----------------
22,255,345
Connecticut (0.8%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4,000,000 CT State Hlth. & Edl. Fac. Auth. Rev. Bonds
(Norwalk Health Care Inc.), Ser. A, 8.7s, 7/1/22 AAA/P 4,425,000
Florida (3.7%)
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3,210,000 Escambia Cnty., Poll. Control Rev. Bonds
(Champion Intl. Corp.), 6.9s, 8/1/22 Baa1 3,250,125
5,000,000 Hernando Cnty., Indl. Dev. Rev. Bonds
(FL Crushed Stone Co.), 8 1/2s, 12/1/14 B+/P 5,412,500
9,150,000 Lee Cnty., Board of Directors Hosp. IFB
(Lee Memorial Hosp.), MBIA, 8.867s, 3/26/20 Aaa 9,516,000
810,000 Pinellas Cnty. Hlth. Fac. Auth. Sun. Coast Hlth. Syst.
Rev. Bonds (Sun. Coast Hosp.), Ser. A,
8 1/2s, 3/1/20 BB+ 828,225
2,000,000 St. Johns Cnty., FL Hlth. Care Indl. Dev. Auth. Rev.
Bonds (Glenmoor St. Johns Project), Ser. A,
8s, 1/1/30 B+/P 1,972,500
----------------
20,979,350
Georgia (2.5%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1,505,000 Atlanta, Special Purpose Fac. Rev. Bonds
(Delta Air Lines, Inc.), Ser. B, 7.9s, 12/1/18 Ba2 1,535,100
1,750,000 Fulton Cnty., Dev. Auth Fac. Rev. Bonds
(Delta Airlines, Inc.), 5 1/2s, 5/1/33 Baa3 1,437,188
GA Med. Ctr. Hosp. Auth. IFB, MBIA
700,000 6.367s, 8/1/10 AAA 757,750
1,800,000 6.367s, 8/1/10, Prerefunded AAA 1,982,250
3,250,000 Gwinnett Cnty., Indl. Dev. Auth. Rev. Bonds
(Kawneer Co. Inc.), Ser. 84, 9 1/2s, 6/1/15 A1 3,359,298
Savannah, Hosp. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Chandler Hosp.)
1,900,000 7s, 1/1/23 Ba1 2,025,875
3,180,000 7s, 1/1/11 Ba1 3,390,675
----------------
14,488,136
Illinois (4.7%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5,000,000 Chicago, Midway Arpt. Rev. Bonds, Ser. A, MBIA,
5 1/8s, 1/1/35 Aaa 4,168,750
Chicago, O'Hare Intl. Arpt. Special Fac. Rev. Bonds
4,933,000 (United Air Lines, Inc.), Ser. B, 8.95s, 5/1/18 Baa2 5,146,796
2,940,000 (United Air Lines, Inc.), Ser. 84A, 8.85s, 5/1/18 Baa2 3,066,008
1,685,000 (United Air Lines, Inc.), Ser. 84B, 8.85s, 5/1/18 Baa2 1,757,219
3,000,000 (American Airlines, Inc.), 8.2s, 12/1/24 Baa1 3,262,500
5,000,000 (American Airlines, Inc.), Ser. A, 7 7/8s, 11/1/25 Baa1 5,134,900
2,500,000 IL Dev. Fin. Auth. Retirement Hsg. Rev. Bonds
(Regency Park-Lincolnwood), Ser. A, 10 1/4s,
4/15/19 (acquired 5/10/90, cost $2,396,628)
(In default) (NON) (RES) D/P 1,925,000
3,250,000 IL, Dev. Fin. Auth. Hosp. Rev. Bonds
(Adventist Hlth. Syst./Sunbelt Obligation),
5.65s, 11/15/24 Baa1 2,669,063
----------------
27,130,236
Indiana (2.0%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2,500,000 IN State Dev. Fin. Auth. Rev. Bonds (USX Corp.),
5.6s, 12/1/32 Baa2 2,109,375
9,300,000 Indianapolis Indl. Arpt. Auth. Special Fac. Rev. Bonds
(Federal Express Corp.), 7.1s, 1/15/17 Baa2 9,555,750
----------------
11,665,125
Iowa (1.1%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IA Fin. Auth. Hlth. Care Fac. Rev. Bonds
(Care Initiatives)
3,000,000 9 1/4s, 7/1/25 BB/P 3,648,750
2,215,000 9.15s, 7/1/09 BB/P 2,602,625
----------------
6,251,375
Kansas (1.6%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8,400,000 Witchita, Hosp. IFB, Ser. 111-A, MBIA, 9.351s,
10/20/17 Aaa 8,904,000
Kentucky (2.1%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7,785,000 Kenton Cnty., Arpt. Board Special Fac. Rev. Bonds
(Delta Air Lines, Inc.), Ser. A, 7 1/2s, 2/1/20 Baa3 7,999,088
1,000,000 Scott Cnty., Indl. Dev. Rev. Bonds
(Hoover Group Inc.), 8 1/2s, 11/1/14 Ba3 1,065,000
2,740,000 Trimble Cnty., Poll. Control Rev. Bonds, Ser. B,
6.55s, 11/1/20 A1 2,822,200
----------------
11,886,288
Louisiana (2.8%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12,500,000 Lake Charles, Harbor & Term. Dist. Port Fac. Rev.
Bonds (Trunkline Co.), 7 3/4s, 8/15/22 A3 13,375,000
2,750,000 W. Feliciana, Parish Poll. Control Rev. Bonds
(Gulf States Util. Co.), Ser. C, 7s, 11/1/15 Ba1 2,856,563
----------------
16,231,563
Maryland (0.7%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4,000,000 MD State Hlth. & Higher Edl. Fac. Auth. Rev. Bonds,
(Doctors Cmnty. Hosp.), 8 3/4s, 7/1/12 Aaa 4,107,120
Massachusetts (5.6%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MA State Hlth. & Edl. Fac. Auth. Rev. Bonds
3,600,000 (Rehab. Hosp. Cape & Islands), Ser. A,
7 7/8s, 8/15/24 AAA/P 4,027,500
3,000,000 (New England Baptist Hosp.), Ser. B,
7.3s, 7/1/11 Baa1 3,146,250
1,100,000 (Beth Israel Hosp.), Ser. E, 7s, 7/1/14 A2 1,100,000
1,185,000 (Norwood Hosp.), Ser. C, 7s, 7/1/14 Ba2 1,328,681
2,000,000 (Beth Israel Hosp.), Ser. E, 7s, 7/1/09 A2 2,042,500
3,400,000 (Sisters Providence Hlth. Syst), Ser. A,
6 5/8s, 11/15/22 Aaa 3,625,250
7,645,000 MA State Hsg. Fin. Agcy. Rev. Bonds, 7s, 7/1/40
(acquired 6/3/98, cost $7,739,333) (RES) Aaa 6,125,556
5,000,000 MA State Indl. Fin. Agcy. Res. Recvy. Rev. Bonds
(Southeastern MA), Ser. B, 9 1/4s, 7/1/15 BB-/P 5,325,000
MA State Indl. Fin. Agcy. Rev. Bonds
2,000,000 (Orchard Cove Inc.), U. S. Govt. Coll., 9s, 5/1/22 AAA/P 2,205,000
2,715,000 (MA Tpk.), 9s, 10/1/20 AAA/P 2,812,821
----------------
31,738,558
Michigan (4.2%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4,195,000 Detroit, Dev. Fin. Auth. Tax Increment Rev. Bonds,
Ser. A, 9 1/2s, 5/1/21 BBB+/P 4,714,131
2,000,000 MI State Strategic Fund Resource Recvy. Ltd. Rev.
Bonds (Wayne Energy), Ser. A, 6.9s, 7/1/19 B/P 1,832,500
8,000,000 Midland Cnty., Econ. Dev. Corp. Rev. Bonds
(Poll. Ctrl.), Ser. B, 9 1/2s, 7/23/09 B+/P 8,196,960
2,700,000 Pontiac Hosp. Fin. Auth. Rev. Bonds
(NOMC Obligation Group), 6s, 8/1/18 Baa3 2,288,250
6,785,000 Waterford, Econ. Dev. Corp. Rev. Bonds
(Canterbury Hlth.), 6s, 1/1/39
(acquired 12/31/98, cost $5,600,000) (RES) B-/P 5,131,156
2,000,000 Wayne Charter Cnty., Special Arpt. Facs. Rev.
Bonds (Northwest Airlines), 6s, 12/1/29 BB+/P 1,757,500
----------------
23,920,497
Minnesota (2.1%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1,875,000 Chaska, Indl. Dev. Rev. Bonds (Lifecore
Biomedical, Inc.), 10 1/4s, 9/1/20 BB/P 2,011,425
4,785,000 MN State Hsg. Fin. Agcy. Single Fam. Rev. Bonds,
Ser. E, 6.85s, 1/1/24 Aa2 4,880,700
5,685,000 St. Paul, Hsg. & Hosp. Redev. Auth. Rev. Bonds
(Healtheast), Ser. B, 6 5/8s, 11/1/17 Baa3 4,953,056
----------------
11,845,181
Mississippi (0.3%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2,250,000 Mississippi Bus. Fin. Corp. Poll. Control Rev.
Bonds (Syst. Energy Res., Inc.), 5.9s, 5/1/22 Ba1 1,946,250
Nebraska (1.6%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2,000,000 Gage Cnty, Indl. Dev. Rev. Bonds
(Hoover Group Inc.), 8 1/2s, 12/1/07 Ba3 2,132,500
2,500,000 Kearney, Indl. Dev. Rev. Bonds
(Great Platte River Road), 6 3/4s, 1/1/28 B/P 1,990,625
NE Investment Fin. Auth. Single Fam. Mtge. IFB
1,450,000 GNMA Coll., 9.159s, 9/15/24 Aaa 1,504,375
1,400,000 Ser. B, GNMA Coll., 8.949s, 10/17/23 Aaa 1,470,000
2,150,000 Ser. C, 7.878s, 3/1/20 Aaa 2,096,250
----------------
9,193,750
Nevada (1.8%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Clark Cnty., Indl. Dev. Rev. Bonds
4,000,000 (NV Pwr. Co.), 7.8s, 6/1/20 Baa2 4,084,680
6,000,000 (Southwest Gas Corp.), Ser. B, 7 1/2s, 9/1/32 Baa2 6,262,500
----------------
10,347,180
New Hampshire (0.8%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2,565,000 NH Bus. Fin. Auth. Rev. Bonds (Alice Peck Day
Hlth. Syst.), Ser. A, 7s, 10/1/29 BB+/P 2,218,725
2,025,000 NH Higher Ed. & Hlth. Fac. Auth. Rev. Bonds
(Alice Peck Day Memorial Hosp.),
9 3/8s, 11/1/20 BB+/P 2,132,163
----------------
4,350,888
New Jersey (2.9%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6,500,000 NJ Econ. Dev. Auth. Special Fac. Rev. Bonds
(Continental Airlines, Inc.), 6 1/4s, 9/15/29 Ba2 5,931,250
NJ Hlth. Care Fac. Fin. Auth. Rev. Bonds
7,650,000 (St. Elizabeth Hosp.), Ser. B, 8 1/4s, 7/1/20 Aaa 7,821,666
3,000,000 (Trinitas Hosp. Oblig. Group), 7 1/2s, 7/1/30 BBB- 3,003,750
----------------
16,756,666
New York (6.1%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NY City, G.O. Bonds
7,000,000 Ser. F, 8 1/4s, 11/15/10 Aaa 7,472,500
4,925,000 Ser. D, 8s, 8/1/18 (Group C) Aaa 5,195,875
12,000,000 NY City, Indl. Dev. Agcy. Special Fac. Rev. Bonds
(British Airways), 5 1/4s, 12/1/32 A2 9,990,000
5,000,000 NY City, Muni. Wtr. & Swr. Fin. Auth. Rev. Bonds,
7.05s, 6/15/17 (acquired 5/21/98,
cost $5,292,577) (RES) AAA/P 4,775,000
2,000,000 Onondaga Cnty., Indl. Dev. Agcy. Rev. Bonds
(Solvay Paperboard LLC), 7s, 11/1/30 B+/P 1,957,500
5,000,000 Port Auth. NY & NJ G.O. Bonds, Ser. 96,
FGIC, 6.6s, 10/1/23 Aaa 5,206,250
----------------
34,597,125
North Carolina (0.7%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NC Eastern Muni. Pwr. Agcy. Syst. Rev. Bonds
1,500,000 Ser. D, 6 3/4s, 1/1/26 Baa3 1,501,875
3,000,000 Ser. A, 5 3/4s, 1/1/26 Baa3 2,606,250
----------------
4,108,125
Ohio (3.8%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
20,000,000 OH State Air Quality Dev. Auth. Rev. Bonds
(Cleveland Co.), FGIC, 8s, 12/1/13 Aaa 21,725,000
Oklahoma (1.8%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7,000,000 OK Indl. Dev. Auth. Rev. Bonds
(Hlth. Syst.-Oblig. Group), Ser. A,
5 3/4s, 8/15/29 A1 6,667,500
3,500,000 Tulsa Muni. Arpt. Trust Rev. Bonds
(American Airlines, Inc.), 7 3/8s, 12/1/20 Baa1 3,543,750
----------------
10,211,250
Pennsylvania (7.0%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4,000,000 Allegheny Cnty., Indl. Dev. Auth. Arpt. Special Fac.
Rev. Bonds (U.S. Air, Inc.), Ser. B, 8 1/2s, 3/1/21 B 4,180,000
4,500,000 Dauphin Cnty., Gen. Auth. Rev. Bonds
(Office & Pkg.), Ser. A, 6s, 1/15/25 BB-/P 3,982,500
1,815,000 Montgomery Cnty., Higher Ed. & Hlth. Auth.
Rev. Bonds (Northwestern Corp.), Ser. A,
8 3/8s, 6/1/04 AAA 1,856,618
7,250,000 PA Convention Ctr. Auth. Rev. Bonds, MBIA,
6.7s, 9/1/14 Aaa 7,775,625
7,750,000 PA Econ. Dev. Fin. Auth. Rev. Bonds
(MacMillan Ltd. Partnership), 7.6s, 12/1/20 A2 8,718,750
1,000,000 PA State Econ. Dev. Fin. Auth. Resource Recvy.
Rev. Bonds (Colver), Ser. D, 7 1/8s, 12/1/15 BBB- 1,023,750
PA State Higher Ed. Assistance Agcy. IFB, Ser. B
2,000,000 AMBAC, 8.381s, 3/1/22 Aaa 2,100,000
6,000,000 MBIA, 8.253s, 3/1/20 Aaa 6,892,500
2,000,000 Philadelphia, Auth. For Indl. Dev. Arpt. Rev. Bonds
(Aero Philadelphia LLC), 5 1/2s, 1/1/24 BB/P 1,682,500
5,000,000 Philadelphia, Hosp. & Higher Ed. Fac. Auth. Rev.
Bonds (Graduate Hlth. Syst.), 7 1/4s, 7/1/10
(acquired 4/11/96, cost $5,028,299)
(in default) (NON) (RES) B2 1,650,000
----------------
39,862,243
South Carolina (1.7%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4,750,000 SC Toll Road Rev. Bonds (Southern Connector
Project), Ser. A, 5 3/8s, 1/1/38 BBB- 3,431,875
5,000,000 SC State Hsg. Fin. & Dev. Auth. Multi-Fam. Mtge.
Rev. Bonds, 8 1/2s, 10/1/21 BBB 5,212,500
1,000,000 SC State Jobs Econ. Dev. Auth. Hosp. Fac. Rev.
Bonds (Palmetto Hlth. Alliance), Ser. A,
7 3/8s, 12/15/21 Baa1 990,000
----------------
9,634,375
Tennessee (2.2%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4,700,000 Johnson City, Hlth. & Edl. Facs. Rev. Bonds
(Mtn. States Hlth.), Ser. A, 7 1/2s, 7/1/33 AAA 4,641,250
6,000,000 Johnson City, Hlth. & Edl. Facs. Board 144A Rev.
Bonds, Ser. A2, MBIA, 8.2s, 7/1/21 Aaa 5,940,000
2,000,000 Memphis-Shelby Cnty. Arpt. Auth. Rev. Bonds
(Federal Express), 6 3/4s, 9/1/12 Baa2 2,062,500
----------------
12,643,750
Texas (8.1%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10,100,000 Alliance, Arpt. Auth. Rev. Bonds
(Federal Express Corp.), 6 3/8s, 4/1/21 Baa2 9,784,375
3,000,000 Alliance, Arpt. Auth. Special Fac. Rev. Bonds
(American Airlines, Inc.), 7 1/2s, 12/1/29 Baa1 3,063,750
3,850,000 Amarillo, Hlth. Fac. Hosp. Corp. IFB
(High Plains Baptist Hosp.), FSA, 9.443s, 1/1/22 Aaa 4,206,125
2,490,000 Bell Cnty., Hlth. Fac. Dev. Corp. Rev. Bonds
(Heartway Corp.), Ser. A, 7s, 3/1/19 CCC/P 946,200
7,250,000 Brazos River, Poll. Control Auth. Rev. Bonds
(TX Utils. Elec. Co.), Ser. A, 7 7/8s, 3/1/21 A3 7,525,861
8,000,000 Dallas-Fort Worth Intl. Arpt. Fac. Impt. Corp. Rev.
Bonds (American Airlines), 6 3/8s, 5/1/35 Baa1 7,520,000
Dallas-Fort Worth, Intl. Arpt. Fac. Impt. Corp. Rev.
Bonds (American Airlines, Inc.)
4,500,000 7 1/2s, 11/1/25 Baa1 4,590,000
3,000,000 7 1/4s, 11/1/30 Baa1 3,060,000
2,150,000 Houston, Arpt. Syst. Rev. Bonds
(Continental Airline), Ser. B, 6 1/8s, 7/15/27 Ba1 1,886,625
2,000,000 Lower Neches Valley, Indl. Dev. Swr. Auth. Rev.
Bonds (Mobil Oil Refining Corp.), 6.4s, 3/1/30 Aaa 2,020,000
2,000,000 Tomball, Hosp. Auth. Rev. Bonds
(Tomball Regl. Hosp.), 6s, 7/1/29 Baa2 1,655,000
----------------
46,257,936
Utah (0.8%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5,000,000 Tooele Cnty., Hazardous Waste Treatment Rev.
Bonds (Union Pacific), Ser. A, 5.7s, 11/1/26 Baa3 4,287,500
Virginia (1.0%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5,400,000 Fredericksburg, Indl. Dev. Auth. Hosp. Fac. IFB,
FGIC, 8.354s, 8/15/23 Aaa 5,879,250
Washington (1.7%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5,000,000 King Cnty., G.O. Bonds, Ser. C, 6 1/4s, 1/1/32 Aa1 5,081,250
4,500,000 Port Vancouver, Rev. Bonds (United Grain Corp.),
FRB, 3 1/2s, 12/1/09 (LOC-Bk. of America
NT & SA) VMIG1 4,500,000
----------------
9,581,250
West Virginia (1.0%)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2,500,000 Princeton, Hosp. Rev. Bonds
(Cmnty. Hosp. Assn., Inc.), 6.1s, 5/1/29 BBB 2,140,625
3,320,000 Randolph Cnty. Rev. Bonds
(Davis Memorial Hosp.), Ser. A, 7.65s, 11/1/21 Baa1 3,490,150
----------------
5,630,775
----------------
Total Municipal Bonds and Notes
(cost $570,971,535) $ 554,067,028
PREFERRED STOCKS (1.3%) (a)
NUMBER OF SHARES VALUE
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4,000,000 Charter Mac Equity Issue Trust 144A, 6.625%, cum. pfd.
(acquired 6/11/99, cost $4,000,000) (RES) $ 3,865,000
4,000,000 MuniMae Tax Exempt Bond Subsidiary, LLC 144A , 6.875%,
cum. pfd. (acquired 5/7/99, cost $4,000,000) (RES) 3,950,000
----------------
Total Preferred Stocks (cost $8,000,000) $ 7,815,000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Investments (cost $578,971,535) (b) $ 561,882,028
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(a) Percentages indicated are based on net assets of $570,837,886.
(RAT) The Moody's or Standard & Poor's ratings indicated are believed to
be the most recent ratings available at April 30, 2000 for the
securities listed. Ratings are generally ascribed to securities at the
time of issuance. While the agencies may from time to time revise such
ratings, they undertake no obligation to do so, and the ratings do not
necessarily represent what the agencies would ascribe to these
securities at April 30, 2000. Securities rated by Putnam are indicated
by "/P" and are not publicly rated.
(b) The aggregate identified cost on a tax basis is $578,971,535,
resulting in gross unrealized appreciation and depreciation
of $14,593,369 and $31,682,876, respectively, or net
unrealized depreciation of $17,089,507.
(NON) Non-income-producing security.
(RES) Restricted, excluding 144A securities, as to public resale. The
total market value of restricted securities held at April 30, 2000, was
$41,623,337 or 7.3% of net assets.
The rates shown on IFB and IF COP, which are securities paying
interest rates that vary inversely to changes in the market interest
rates, and Floating Rate Bonds (FRB) are the current interest rates at
April 30, 2000.
The fund had the following industry group concentrations greater
than 10% at April 30, 2000 (as a percentage of net assets):
Health care 28.2%
Transportation 24.0
Utilities 15.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Futures Contracts Outstanding at April 30, 2000 (Unaudited)
Aggregate Face Expiration Unrealized
Total Value Value Date Appreciation
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Muni Bond Index (Long) $29,270,688 $29,078,836 Jun-00 $191,852
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
April 30, 2000 (Unaudited)
<S> <C>
Assets
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Investments in securities, at value
(identified cost $578,971,535) (Note 1) $561,882,028
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash 1,030,445
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest and other receivables 12,613,499
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Receivable for securities sold 280,792
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Receivable for variation margin 39,250
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total assets 575,846,014
Liabilities
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distributions payable to shareholders 2,970,049
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Payable for securities purchased 955,360
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Payable for compensation of Manager (Note 2) 982,584
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Payable for investor servicing and custodian fees (Note 2) 45,240
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Payable for compensation of Trustees (Note 2) 17,802
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Payable for administrative services (Note 2) 512
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Other accrued expenses 36,581
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total liabilities 5,008,128
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net assets $570,837,886
Represented by
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Series A, B and C remarketed preferred shares, without par value: 8,000
shares authorized (1,750 shares issued at $100,000 per share) (Note 4) $175,000,000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Paid-in capital -- common shares (unlimited shares authorized) (Note 1) 433,111,266
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Undistributed net investment income (Note 1) 1,714,878
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accumulated net realized loss on investments (Note 1) (22,090,603)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net unrealized depreciation of investments (16,897,655)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total -- Representing net assets applicable to
capital shares outstanding $570,837,886
Computation of net asset value
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Series A, B, and C remarketed preferred shares $175,000,000
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cumulative undeclared dividends on remarketed preferred shares 185,176
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net assets allocated to remarketed preferred
shares -- liquidation preference $175,185,176
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net assets available to common shares $395,652,710
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net asset value per common shares
($395,652,710 divided by 46,773,670 shares) $8.46
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Six months ended April 30, 2000 (Unaudited)
<S> <C>
Tax exempt interest income: $ 20,695,266
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Expenses:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Compensation of Manager (Note 2) 1,952,223
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Investor servicing and custodian fees (Note 2) 187,061
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Compensation of Trustees (Note 2) 8,429
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Administrative services (Note 2) 3,502
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Auditing 9,400
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legal 3,654
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Postage 7,063
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exchange listing fees 20,768
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Other 18,669
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Preferred share remarketing agent fees 253,196
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total expenses 2,463,965
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Expense reduction (Note 2) (61,148)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net expenses 2,402,817
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net investment income 18,292,449
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net realized gain on investments (Note 1) 166,984
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net realized loss on futures contracts (Notes 1 and 3) (990,173)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net unrealized depreciation of investments and futures during the period (10,645,819)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net loss on investments (11,469,008)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations $ 6,823,441
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN NET ASSETS
Six months ended Year ended
April 30 October 31
2000* 1999
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Decrease in net assets
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Operations:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net investment income $ 18,292,449 $ 37,198,101
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net realized loss on investments (823,189) (1,532,801)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net unrealized depreciation of investments (10,645,819) (43,457,589)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting
from operations 6,823,441 (7,792,289)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distributions to remarketed preferred shareholders
from net investment income (3,497,917) (5,927,040)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations
applicable to common shareholders (excluding
cumulative undeclared dividends on remarketed
preferred shares of $185,176 and $163,847, respectively) 3,325,524 (13,719,329)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distributions to common shareholders from
net investment income (17,812,162) (35,366,281)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Issuance of common shares in connection with
reinvestment of distributions 1,741,743 3,764,792
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total decrease in net assets (12,744,895) (45,320,818)
Net assets
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Beginning of period 583,582,781 628,903,599
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of period (including undistributed net investment
income of $1,714,878 and $4,732,508, respectively) $570,837,886 $583,582,781
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of fund shares
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Common shares outstanding at beginning of period 46,577,958 46,221,286
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shares issued in connection with reinvestment of distributions 195,712 356,672
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Common shares outstanding at end of period 46,773,670 46,577,958
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Remarketed preferred shares outstanding at beginning
and end of period 1,750 1,750
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Unaudited
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
(For a share outstanding throughout the period)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Six months
ended
Per-share April 30
operating performance (Unaudited) Year ended October 31
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net asset value,
beginning of period
(common shares) $8.77 $9.82 $9.92 $9.85 $10.08 $9.49
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Investment operations
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net investment income .39 .80 .79 .84 .86 .90
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net realized and unrealized
gain (loss) on investments (.24) (.96) .01 .13 (.19) .60
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total from
investment operations .15 (.16) .80 .97 .67 1.50
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Distributions to shareholders:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
From net investment income
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
To preferred shareholders (.08) (.13) (.14) (.14) (.14) (.15)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
To common shareholders (.38) (.76) (.76) (.76) (.76) (.76)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total distributions (.46) (.89) (.90) (.90) (.90) (.91)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net asset value,
end of period
(common shares) $8.46 $8.77 $9.82 $9.92 $9.85 $10.08
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Market value,
end of period
(common shares) $9.50 $9.81 $11.44 $11.75 $10.88 $10.63
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ratios and supplemental data
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total return at
market value
(common shares)(%)(a) 1.09* (7.72) 4.52 16.01 10.26 24.23
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net assets, end of period
(total fund)(in thousands) $570,838 $583,583 $628,904 $630,043 $622,566 $628,454
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ratio of expenses to
average net assets (%)(b)(c) .62* 1.23 1.22 1.21 1.24 1.20
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ratio of net investment income
to average net assets (%)(b) 3.69* 7.12 6.57 7.13 7.31 7.70
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Portfolio turnover rate (%) 6.33* 12.88 19.97 9.63 78.92 79.71
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Not annualized
(a) Total return assumes dividend reinvestment and does not reflect
the effects of sales charges.
(b) Ratios reflect net assets available to common shares only; net
investment income ratio also reflects reduction for dividend payments to
preferred shareholders.
(c) The ratio of expenses to average net assets includes amounts paid
through expense offset arrangements. (Note 2)
</TABLE>
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
April 30, 2000 (Unaudited)
Note 1
Significant accounting policies
Putnam Managed Municipal Income Trust (the "fund") is registered under
the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, as a diversified,
closed-end management investment company. The fund's investment
objective is to seek a high level of current income exempt from federal
income tax. The fund intends to achieve its objective by investing in a
diversified portfolio of tax-exempt municipal securities which Putnam
believes does not involve undue risk to income or principal. Up to 50%
of the fund's assets may consist of high-yield tax-exempt municipal
securities that are below investment grade and involve special risk
considerations. The fund also uses leverage by issuing preferred shares
in an effort to increase the income to the common shares.
The following is a summary of significant accounting policies
consistently followed by the fund in the preparation of its financial
statements. The preparation of financial statements is in conformity
with generally accepted accounting principles and requires management to
make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
assets and liabilities of the financial statements and the reported
amounts of increases and decreases in net assets from operations during
the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
A) Security valuation Tax-exempt bonds and notes are stated on the basis
of valuations provided by a pricing service, approved by the Trustees,
which uses information with respect to transactions in bonds, quotations
from bond dealers, market transactions in comparable securities and
various relationships between securities in determining value. The fair
value of restricted securities is determined by the Putnam Investment
Management, Inc. ("Putnam Management"), the fund's manager, a
wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam Investments, Inc. following procedures
approved by the Trustees, and such valuations and procedures are
reviewed periodically by Trustees.
B) Determination of net asset value Net asset value of the common shares
is determined by dividing the value of all assets of the fund, less all
liabilities and the liquidation preference of any outstanding remarketed
preferred shares, by the total number of common shares outstanding.
C) Security transactions and related investment income Security
transactions are accounted for on the trade date (date the order to buy
or sell is executed). Gains or losses on securities sold are determined
on the identified cost basis.
Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis.
D) Futures and options contracts The fund may use futures and options
contracts to hedge against changes in the values of securities the fund
owns or expects to purchase. The fund may also write options on
securities it owns or in which it may invest to increase its current
returns.
The potential risk to the fund is that the change in value of futures
and options contracts may not correspond to the change in value of the
hedged instruments. In addition, losses may arise from changes in the
value of the underlying instruments, if there is an illiquid secondary
market for the contracts, or if the counterparty to the contract is
unable to perform. When the contract is closed, the fund records a
realized gain or loss equal to the difference between the value of the
contract at the time it was opened and the value at the time it was
closed. Realized gains and losses on purchased options are included in
realized gains and losses on investment securities.
Futures contracts are valued at the quoted daily settlement prices
established by the exchange on which they trade. Exchange traded options
are valued at the last sale price, or if no sales are reported, the last
bid price for purchased options and the last ask price for written
options. Options traded over-the-counter are valued using prices
supplied by dealers.
E) Line of credit The fund has entered into a committed line of credit
with certain banks. This line of credit agreement includes restrictions
that the fund maintain an asset coverage ratio of at least 300% and
borrowings must not exceed prospectus limitations. For the six months
ended April 30, 2000, the fund had no borrowings against the line of
credit.
F) Federal taxes It is the policy of the fund to distribute all of its
taxable income within the prescribed time and otherwise comply with the
provisions of the Internal Revenue Code applicable to regulated
investment companies. It is also the intention of the fund to distribute
an amount sufficient to avoid imposition of any excise tax under Section
4982 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Therefore, no
provision has been made for federal taxes on income, capital gains or
unrealized appreciation on securities held nor for excise tax on income
and capital gains.
At October 31, 1999, the fund had a capital loss carryover of
approximately $19,995,000 available to offset future capital gains, if
any. The amount of the carryover and the expiration dates are:
Loss Carryover Expiration
-------------- ------------------
$1,887,000 October 31, 2002
321,000 October 31, 2003
11,188,000 October 31, 2005
2,895,000 October 31, 2006
3,704,000 October 31, 2007
G) Distributions to shareholders Distributions to common and preferred
shareholders from net investment income are recorded by the fund on the
ex-dividend date. Capital gains, if any, are recorded on the ex dividend
date and paid at least annually. Dividends on remarketed preferred
shares become payable when, as and if declared by the Trustees. Each
dividend period for the remarketed preferred shares is generally a
28-day period for Series A and B and a 7-day period for class C. The
applicable dividend rate for the remarketed preferred shares on April
30, 2000 was Series A, 4.25%, Series B 3.95%, and Series C 4.50%. The
amount and character of income and gains to be distributed are
determined in accordance with income tax regulations which may differ
from generally accepted accounting principles. Reclassifications are
made to the fund's capital accounts to reflect income and gains
available for distribution (or available capital loss carryovers) under
income tax regulations.
H) Amortization of bond premium and accretion of bond discount Any
premium resulting from the purchase of securities in excess of maturity
value is amortized on a yield-to-maturity basis. Discounts on original
issue discount are accreted according to the yield-to-maturity basis.
Note 2
Management fee, administrative
services and other transactions
Compensation of Putnam Management, for management and investment
advisory services is paid quarterly based on the average net assets of
the fund. Such fee is based on the following annual rates: 0.70% of the
first $500 million, 0.60% of the next $500 million, 0.55% of the next
$500 million and 0.50% thereafter.
If dividends payable on remarketed preferred shares during any dividend
payment period plus any expenses attributable to remarketed preferred
shares for that period exceed the fund's gross income attributable to
the proceeds of the remarketed preferred shares during that period, then
the fee payable to Putnam Management for that period will be reduced by
the amount of the excess (but not more than 0.70% of the liquidation
preference of the remarketed preferred shares\outstanding during the
period).
The fund reimburses Putnam Management an allocated amount for the
compensation and related expenses of certain officers of the fund and
their staff who provide administrative services to the fund. The
aggregate amount of all such reimbursements is determined annually by
the Trustees.
Custodial functions for the fund's assets are provided by Putnam
Fiduciary Trust Company (PFTC), a subsidiary of Putnam Investments, Inc.
Investor servicing agent functions are provided by Putnam Investor
Services, a division of PFTC.
For the six months ended April 30, 2000, fund expenses were reduced by
$61,148 under expense offset arrangements with PFTC. Investor servicing
and custodian fees reported in the Statement of operations exclude these
credits. The fund could have invested a portion of the assets utilized
in connection with the expense offset arrangements in an income
producing asset if it had not entered into such arrangements.
Each Trustee of the fund receives an annual Trustee fee, of which $645
has been allocated to the fund, and an additional fee for each Trustee's
meeting attended. Trustees who are not interested persons of Putnam
Management and who serve on committees of the Trustees receive
additional fees for attendance at certain committee meetings.
The fund has adopted a Trustee Fee Deferral Plan (the "Deferral Plan")
which allows the Trustees to defer the receipt of all or a portion of
Trustees Fees payable on or after July 1, 1995. The deferred fees remain
invested in certain Putnam funds until distribution in accordance with
the Deferral Plan.
The fund has adopted an unfunded noncontributory defined benefit pension
plan (the "Pension Plan") covering all Trustees of the fund who have
served as Trustee for at least five years. Benefits under the Pension
Plan are equal to 50% of the Trustee's average total retainer and
meeting fees for the three years preceding retirement. Pension expense
for the fund is included in Compensation of Trustees in the Statement of
operations. Accrued pension liability is included in Payable for
compensation of Trustees in the Statement of assets and liabilities.
Note 3
Purchase and sales of securities
During the six months ended April 30, 2000, cost of purchases and
proceeds from sales of investment securities other than short-term
investments aggregated $35,752,551 and $36,909,068, respectively. There
were no purchases and sales of U.S. government obligations.
Note 4
Remarketed preferred shares
The Series A (550), B (550) and C (650) shares are redeemable at the
option of the fund on any dividend payment date at a redemption price of
$100,000 per share, plus an amount equal to any dividends accumulated on
a daily basis but unpaid through the redemption date (whether or not
such dividends have been declared) and, in certain circumstances, a call
premium.
Under the Investment Company Act of 1940, the fund is required to
maintain asset coverage of at least 200% with respect to the remarketed
preferred shares as of the last business day of each month in which any
such shares are outstanding. Additionally, the fund is required to meet
more stringent asset coverage requirements under terms of the remarketed
preferred shares and the shares' rating agencies. Should these
requirements not be met, or should dividends accrued on the remarketed
preferred shares not be paid, the fund may be restricted in its ability
to declare dividends to common shareholders or may be required to redeem
certain of the remarketed preferred shares. At April 30, 2000, no such
restrictions have been placed on the fund.
Welcome to www.putnaminv.com
Now you can use your PC to get up-to-date information about your funds,
learn more about investing and retirement planning, and access market
news and economic outlooks from Putnam.
VISIT PUTNAM'S SITE ON THE WORLD WIDE WEB FOR:
* the benefits of investing with Putnam
* Putnam's money management philosophy
* complete fund information, daily pricing and long-term performance
* the latest on new funds and other Putnam news
You can also read Putnam economist Dr. Robert Goodman's commentary and
Putnam's Capital Markets outlook, search for a particular fund by name
or objective, use our glossary to decode investment terms . . . and much
more.
The site can be accessed through any of the major online services
(America Online, CompuServe, Prodigy) that offer web access. Of course,
you can also access it via Netscape or Microsoft Internet Explorer,
using an independent Internet service provider.
New features will be added to the site regularly. So be sure to bookmark us at
http://www.putnaminv.com
FUND INFORMATION
WEB SITE
www.putnaminv.com
INVESTMENT MANAGER
Putnam Investment
Management, Inc.
One Post Office Square
Boston, MA 02109
MARKETING SERVICES
Putnam Mutual Funds Corp.
One Post Office Square
Boston, MA 02109
CUSTODIAN
Putnam Fiduciary Trust Company
LEGAL COUNSEL
Ropes & Gray
TRUSTEES
George Putnam, Chairman
William F. Pounds, Vice Chairman
John A. Hill, Vice Chairman
Jameson Adkins Baxter
Hans H. Estin
Ronald J. Jackson
Paul L. Joskow
Elizabeth T. Kennan
Lawrence J. Lasser
John H. Mullin III
Robert E. Patterson
George Putnam, III
A.J.C. Smith
W. Thomas Stephens
W. Nicholas Thorndike
OFFICERS
George Putnam
President
Charles E. Porter
Executive Vice President
Patricia C. Flaherty
Senior Vice President
John D. Hughes
Senior Vice President and Treasurer
Lawrence J. Lasser
Vice President
Gordon H. Silver
Vice President
Ian C. Ferguson
Vice President
Brett C. Browchuk
Vice President
Stephen Oristaglio
Vice President
Richard P. Wyke
Vice President and Fund Manager
Richard A. Monaghan
Vice President
Richard G. Leibovitch
Vice President
John R. Verani
Vice President
Call 1-800-225-1581 weekdays from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Eastern Time, or
visit our Web site (www.putnaminv.com) any time for up-to-date
information about the fund's NAV.
[LOGO OMITTED]
PUTNAM INVESTMENTS
The Putnam Funds
One Post Office Square
Boston, Massachusetts 02109
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PUTNAM
INVESTMENTS
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For account balances, economic forecasts, and the latest on Putnam funds, visit
www.putnaminv.com
052/61433 6/00
