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Exhibit (p)(4)
EMPLOYEE INVESTMENT TRANSACTION POLICY
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For
BlackRock Investment Adviser Companies
Effective March 1, 2000
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EMPLOYEE INVESTMENT TRANSACTION POLICY
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................ i
I. PREAMBLE.................................................................................................. 1
A. General Principles................................................................................... 1
B. The General Scope Of The Policy's Application To Personal Investment Transactions.................... 3
C. The Organization Of This Policy...................................................................... 3
D. Questions............................................................................................ 4
II. PERSONAL INVESTMENT TRANSACTIONS.......................................................................... 4
A. In General........................................................................................... 4
B. Reporting Obligations................................................................................ 4
1. Use Of Broker-Dealers And Futures Commission Merchants.......................................... 4
2. Initial Report.................................................................................. 5
3. New Accounts.................................................................................... 6
4. Timely Reporting Of Investment Transactions..................................................... 6
5. Related Accounts................................................................................ 6
6. Exemptions From Reporting....................................................................... 6
C. Prohibited Or Restricted Investment Transactions..................................................... 7
1. Initial Public Offerings........................................................................ 7
2. Private Placements.............................................................................. 7
D. Investment Transactions Requiring Prior Notification................................................. 7
1. Prior Notification Procedure.................................................................... 8
2. Exemptions From Prior Notification.............................................................. 8
(a) Transactions Exempt From Prior Notification................................................ 9
(b) Securities Exempt From Prior Notification.................................................. 9
(c) Futures Contracts Exempt From Prior Notification........................................... 9
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E. Ban On Short-Term Trading Profits.................................................................... 10
F. Blackout Periods..................................................................................... 10
1. Specific Blackout Periods....................................................................... 10
2. Exemptions From Blackout Restrictions........................................................... 11
III. INSIDE INFORMATION AND SERVICE AS A DIRECTOR.............................................................. 11
A. Inside Information................................................................................... 11
B. Service As A Director................................................................................ 12
IV. EXEMPTIONS................................................................................................ 12
V. COMPLIANCE................................................................................................ 13
A. Certifications....................................................................................... 13
1. Upon Receipt Of This Policy..................................................................... 13
2. Annual Certificate Of Compliance................................................................ 13
B. Supervisory Procedures............................................................................... 14
1. The Compliance Committee......................................................................... 14
2. The Compliance Officer........................................................................... 14
3. Post-Trade Monitoring And Investigations......................................................... 14
4. Remedial Actions................................................................................. 15
5. Reports Of Violations Requiring Significant Remedial Action...................................... 15
6. Annual Reports................................................................................... 15
VI. EFFECTIVE DATE............................................................................................ 16
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Appendices
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I. Definitions Of Capitalized Terms
II. Acknowledgment Of Receipt Of The Policy
III. Annual Certification Of Compliance With The Policy
IV. Initial Report Of Accounts
V. Request For Duplicate Broker Reports
VI. Investment Transaction Prior Notification Form
VII. Fully Discretionary Account Form
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EMPLOYEE INVESTMENT TRANSACTION POLICY
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for BlackRock, Investment Adviser Companies
I. PREAMBLE
A. General Principles
This Employee Investment Transaction Policy (the "Policy") is based on the
principle that you, as an officer, director or other Advisory Employee of an
Advisor affiliated with BlackRock, Inc. ("BlackRock"), owe a fiduciary duty of
undivided loyalty to the registered investment companies, institutional
investment clients, personal trusts and estates, guardianships, employee benefit
trusts, and other Advisory Clients which that Advisor serves./1/ Accordingly,
you must avoid transactions, activities, and relationships that might interfere
or appear to interfere with making decisions in the best interests of those
Advisory Clients.
At all times, you must observe the following general principles:
1. You must place the interests of Advisory Clients first. As a fiduciary
you must scrupulously avoid serving your own personal interests ahead
of the interests of
________________________
/1/ This Policy uses a number of capitalized terms, e.g., Advisor, Advisory
Client, Advisory Employee, Beneficial Ownership, Exempt Security, Fixed Income
Security, Fully Discretionary Account, Futures Contract, Immediate Family,
Investment Transaction, Personal Account, Portfolio Employee, Portfolio Manager,
Related Account, and Security. The first time a capitalized term is used, a
definition is stated in the text or in a footnote. The full definitions of these
capitalized terms are set forth in Appendix I. To understand your
responsibilities under the policy, it is important that you review and
understand all of the definitions of capitalized terms in Appendix I. As
indicated in Appendix I:
The term "Advisor" means any entity affiliated with BlackRock, whether now
in existence or formed after the date hereof, that is registered as (i) an
investment advisor under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended,
or (ii) a broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, other than any such investment advisor or broker-dealer that has
adopted its own employee investment transaction policy.
The term "Advisory Client" means a registered investment company, an
institutional investment client, a personal trust or estate, a
guardianship, an employee benefit trust, or another client with which the
Advisor by which you are employed or with which you are associated has an
investment management, advisory or sub-advisory contract or relationship.
The term "Advisory Employee" means an officer, director, or employee of an
Advisor, or any other person identified as a "control person" on the Form
ADV or the Form BD filed by the Advisor with the U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission, (1) who, in connection with his or her regular
functions or duties, generates, participates in, or obtains information
regarding that Advisor's purchase or sale of a Security by or on behalf of
an Advisory Client; (2) whose regular functions or duties relate to the
making of any recommendations with respect to such purchases or sales; (3)
who obtains information or exercises influence concerning investment
recommendations made to an Advisory Client of that Advisor; or (4) who has
line oversight or management responsibilities over employees described in
(1), (2) or (3), above.
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Advisory Clients. You must adhere to this general fiduciary principle
as well as comply with the Policy's specific provisions. Technical
compliance with the Policy will not automatically insulate from
scrutiny any Investment Transaction/2/ that indicates an abuse of your
fiduciary duties or that creates an appearance of such abuse.
Your fiduciary obligation applies not only to your personal Investment
Transactions but also to actions taken on behalf of Advisory Clients.
In particular, you may not cause an Advisory Client to take action, or
not to take action, for your personal benefit rather than for the
benefit of the Advisory Client. For example, you would violate this
Policy if you caused an Advisory Client to purchase a Security you
owned for the purpose of increasing the value of that Security. If you
are a Portfolio Employee,/3/ you would also violate this Policy if
________________________
/2/ For purposes of this Policy, the term "Investment Transaction" means any
transaction in a Security or Futures Contract in which you have, or by reason of
the transaction will acquire, a Beneficial Ownership interest.
As a general matter, the term "Security" means any stock, note, bond,
debenture or other evidence of indebtedness (including any loan participation or
assignment), limited partnership interest or investment contract other than an
Exempt Security (as defined above). The term "Security" includes an option on a
Security, an index of Securities, a currency or a basket of currencies,
including such an option traded on the Chicago Board of Options Exchange or on
the New York, American, Pacific or Philadelphia Stock Exchanges as well as such
an option traded in the over-the-counter market. The term "Security" does not
include a physical commodity or a Futures Contract.
The term "Futures Contract" includes (a) a futures contract and an option
on a futures contract traded on a U.S. or foreign board of trade, such as the
Chicago Board of Trade, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, the New York Mercantile
Exchange, or the London International Financial Futures Exchange (a "Publicly-
Traded Futures Contract"), as well as (b) a forward contract, a "swap", a "cap",
a "collar", a "floor" and an over-the-counter option (other than an option on a
foreign currency, an option on a basket of currencies, an option on a Security
or an option on an index of Securities) (a "Privately-Traded Futures Contract").
As a general matter, you are considered to have a "Beneficial Ownership"
interest in a Security or Futures Contract if you have the opportunity, directly
or indirectly, to profit or share in any profit derived from a transaction in
that Security or Futures Contract. You are presumed to have a Beneficial
Ownership interest in any Security or Futures Contract held, individually or
jointly, by you and/or by a member of your Immediate Family (as defined below).
In addition, unless specifically excepted by the Compliance Officer based on a
showing that your interest or control is sufficiently attenuated to avoid the
possibility of a conflict, you will be considered to have a Beneficial Ownership
interest in a Security held by: (1) a joint account to which you are a party,
(2) a partnership in which you are a general partner, (3) a limited liability
company in which you are a manager-member, (4) a trust in which you or a member
of your Immediate Family has an interest or (5) an investment club in which you
are a member.
See Appendix I for more complete definitions of the terms "Beneficial
Ownership," "Futures Contract," and "Security."
/3/ The term "Portfolio Employee" means a Portfolio Manager or an Advisory
Employee who provides information or advice to a Portfolio Manager, who helps
execute a Portfolio Manager's decisions, or who directly supervises a Portfolio
Manager. The term "Portfolio Manager" means any employee of an Advisor who has
the authority, whether sole or shared or only from time to time, to make
investment decisions or to direct trades affecting an Advisory Client.
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you made a personal investment in a Security that might be an
appropriate investment for an Advisory Client without first
considering the Security as an investment for the Advisory Client.
2. You must conduct all of your personal Investment Transactions in full
compliance with this Policy, the BlackRock, Inc. Insider Trading
Policy, the PNC Code of Ethics, and the other policies of PNC Bank
Corp. ("PNC") and BlackRock (including the policies that prohibit
insider trading or that restrict trading in PNC Securities). BlackRock
encourages you and your family to develop personal investment
programs. However, those investment programs must remain within
boundaries reasonably necessary to insure that appropriate safeguards
exist to protect the interests of our Advisory Clients and to avoid
even the appearance of unfairness or impropriety. Doubtful situations
should be resolved in favor of our Advisory Clients and against your
personal Investment Transactions.
3. You must not take inappropriate advantage of your position. The
receipt of investment opportunities, perquisites, gifts or gratuities
from persons seeking to do business, directly or indirectly, with
BlackRock, an affiliate, or an Advisory Client could call into
question the independence of your business judgment. Doubtful
situations should be resolved against your personal interests.
B. The General Scope Of The Policy's Application To Personal Investment
Transactions
Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, requires
reporting of all personal Investment Transactions in Securities (other than
certain "Exempt Securities") by Advisory Employees, whether or not they are
Securities that might be purchased or sold by or on behalf of an Advisory
Client. This Policy implements that reporting requirement.
However, since a primary purpose of the Policy is to avoid conflicts of
interest arising from personal Investment Transactions in Securities and other
instruments that are held or might be acquired on behalf of Advisory Clients,
this Policy only places restrictions on personal Investment Transactions in such
investments. This Policy also requires reporting and restricts personal
Investment Transactions in certain Futures Contracts which, although they are
not Securities, are instruments that Advisors buy and sell for Advisory Clients.
Although this Policy applies to all officers, directors and other Advisory
Employees of BlackRock, the Policy recognizes that Portfolio Managers, and the
other Portfolio Employees who provide them with advice and who execute their
decisions, occupy more sensitive positions than other Advisory Employees, and
that it is appropriate to subject their personal Investment Transactions to
greater restrictions.
C. The Organization Of This Policy
The remainder of this Policy is divided into four main topics. Section II
concerns personal investment transactions. Section III describes restrictions
that apply to Advisory Employees who receive inside information or seek to serve
on a board of directors or similar governing body. Section IV outlines the
procedure for seeking case-by-case exemptions from the Policy's requirements.
Section V summarizes the methods for ensuring compliance under this Policy. In
addition, the following Appendices are also a part of this Policy:
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I. Definitions Of Capitalized Terms
II. Acknowledgment Of Receipt Of The Policy
III. Annual Certification Of Compliance With The Policy
IV. Initial Report Of Accounts
V. Request For Duplicate Broker Reports
VI. Investment Transaction Prior Notification Form
VII. Fully Discretionary Account Form
D. Questions
Questions regarding this Policy should be addressed to the Compliance
Officer. If you have any question regarding the interpretation of this Policy
or its application to a potential Investment Transaction, you should consult the
Compliance Officer before you execute that transaction.
II. PERSONAL INVESTMENT TRANSACTIONS
A. In General
Subject to the limited exceptions described below, you are required to
report all Investment Transactions in Securities and Futures Contracts made by
you, a member of your Immediate Family, a trust or an investment club in which
you have an interest, or on behalf of any account in which you have an interest
or which you direct./4/ In addition, you must provide prior notification of
certain Investment Transactions in Securities and Futures Contracts that an
Advisor holds or may acquire on behalf of an Advisory Client. (The exercise of
an option is an Investment Transaction for purposes of these requirements.) The
details of these reporting and prior notification requirements are described
below.
B. Reporting Obligations
1. Use Of Broker-Dealers And Futures Commission Merchants
You must use a registered broker-dealer or futures commission merchant to
engage in any purchase or sale of a publicly traded Security or Futures
Contract. This requirement also applies to any purchase or sale of a Security
or Futures Contract in which you have, or by reason of the Investment
Transaction will acquire, a Beneficial Ownership interest. Thus, as a general
matter, any Securities or Futures Contract transactions by members of your
Immediate Family will need to be made through a registered broker-dealer or
futures commission merchant.
_________________________
/4/ The term "Immediate Family" means any of the following persons who reside
in your household or who depend on you for basic living support: your spouse,
any child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, sibling,
mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or
sister-in-law, including any adoptive relationships.
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2. Initial Report
Within 10 days of commencing employment or within 10 days of any event that
causes you to become subject to this Policy, you must supply to the Compliance
Officer copies of the most recent statements for each and every Personal Account
and Related Account that holds or is likely to hold a Security or Futures
Contract in which you have a Beneficial Ownership interest, as well as copies of
confirmations for any and all transactions subsequent to the effective dates of
those statements./5/ These documents should be supplied to the Compliance
Officer by attaching them to the form attached hereto as Appendix IV.
On that same form you should supply the name of any registered broker-
dealer and/or futures commission merchant and the number for any Personal
Account and Related Account that holds or is likely to hold a Security or
Futures Contract in which you have a Beneficial Ownership interest for which you
cannot supply the most recent account statement. You must also certify, where
indicated on the form, that the contents of the form and the documents attached
thereto disclose all such Personal Accounts and Related Accounts.
In addition, you must also supply, where indicated on the form, the
following information for each Security or Futures Contract in which you have a
Beneficial Ownership interest, to the extent that this information is not
available from the statements attached to the form:
1. A description of the Security or Futures Contract, including its
name or title;
2. The quantity (e.g., in terms of numbers of shares, units or
contracts) and value (in dollars) of the Security or Futures
Contract; and
________________________
/5/ The term "Personal Account" means the following accounts that hold or are
likely to hold a Security or Futures Contract in which you have a Beneficial
Ownership interest:
. any account in your individual name;
. any joint or tenant-in-common account in which you have an interest or
are a participant;
. any account for which you act as trustee, executor, or custodian; and
. any account over which you have investment discretion or have the
power (whether or not exercised) to direct the acquisition or
disposition of Securities or Futures Contracts (other than an Advisory
Client's account that you manage or over which you have investment
discretion), including the accounts of any individual or entity that
is managed or controlled directly or indirectly by or through you,
such as the account of an investment club to which you belong. There
is a presumption that you can control accounts held by members of your
Immediate Family sharing the same household. This presumption may be
rebutted only by convincing evidence.
The term "Related Account" means any account, other than a Personal
Account, that holds a Security or Futures Contract in which you have a direct or
indirect Beneficial Ownership interest (other than an account over which you
have no investment discretion and cannot otherwise exercise control) and any
account (other than an Advisory Client's account) of any individual or entity to
whom you give advice or make recommendations with regard to the acquisition or
disposition of Securities or Futures Contracts (whether or not such advice is
acted upon).
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3. The custodian of the Security or Futures Contract.
3. New Accounts
Upon the opening of a new Personal Account or a Related Account that holds
or is likely to hold a Security or a Futures Contract in which you have a
Beneficial Ownership interest, you must give written notice to the Compliance
Officer of the name of the registered broker-dealer or futures commission
merchant for that account, the identifying number for that Personal Account or
Related Account and the date that the account was established.
4. Timely Reporting Of Investment Transactions
You must cause each broker-dealer or futures commission merchant that
maintains a Personal Account or a Related Account that holds a Security or a
Futures Contract in which you have a Beneficial Ownership interest to provide to
the Compliance Officer, on a timely basis, duplicate copies of confirmations of
all transactions in that account and of periodic statements for that account
("Duplicate Broker Reports"). A form for that purpose is attached hereto as
Appendix V.
In addition, you must report to the Compliance Officer, on a timely basis, any
transaction in a Security or Futures Contract in which you have or acquired a
Beneficial Ownership interest that was made without the use of a registered
broker-dealer or futures commission merchant.
5. Related Accounts
The reporting obligations described above also apply to any Related Account
(as defined in Appendix I) and to any Investment Transaction in a Related
Account.
It is important that you recognize that the definitions of "Personal
Account," "Related Account" and "Beneficial Ownership" in Appendix I probably
will require you to provide, or to arrange for the broker-dealer or futures
commission merchant to furnish, copies of reports for any account used by or for
a member of your Immediate Family or a trust in which you or a member of your
Immediate Family has an interest, as well as for any other accounts in which you
may have the opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or share in the
profit derived from any Investment Transaction in that account, including the
account of any investment club to which you belong.
6. Exemptions From Reporting
You need not report Investment Transactions in any account, including a
Fully Discretionary Account,/6/ over which neither you nor an Immediate Family
Member has or had
________________________
/6/ The term "Fully Discretionary Account" means a Personal Account or Related
Account managed or held by a broker-dealer, futures commission merchant,
investment advisor or trustee as to which neither you nor an Immediate Family
Member: (a) exercises any investment discretion; (b) suggests or receives
notice of transactions prior to their execution; and (c) you do not otherwise
have any direct or indirect influence or control. In addition, to qualify as a
Fully Discretionary Account, the individual broker, registered representative or
merchant responsible for that account must not be responsible for nor receive
advance notice of any purchase or sale of a Security or Futures Contract on
behalf of an Advisory Client. To qualify an account as a Fully Discretionary
Account, the Compliance Officer must receive and approve a written notice, in
the form attached hereto as Appendix VIII, that the account meets the foregoing
qualifications as a Fully Discretionary Account.
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any direct or indirect influence or control. For example, Investment
Transactions in the account of your spouse in an employee benefit plan would not
have to be reported if neither you nor your spouse has any influence or control
over those Investment Transactions.
You also need not report Investment Transactions in Exempt Securities nor
need you furnish, or require a broker-dealer or futures commission merchant to
furnish, copies of confirmations or periodic statements for accounts that hold
only Exempt Securities./7/ This includes accounts that only hold U.S.
Government securities, money market interests, or shares in registered open-end
investment companies (i.e., mutual funds). This exemption from reporting will
end immediately, however, at such time as there is an Investment Transaction in
that account in a Security that is not an Exempt Security.
C. Prohibited Or Restricted Investment Transactions
1. Initial Public Offerings
As an Advisory Employee, you may not acquire Beneficial Ownership of any
Security in an initial public offering, except that, with the approval of the
Compliance Committee and the General Counsel of BlackRock, you may acquire
Beneficial Ownership of a Security in an initial public offering directed or
sponsored by BlackRock. For purposes of this Policy, an initial public offering
shall not include the purchase of a Security in an initial public offering by
(i) a savings bank to its depositors, (ii) a mutual insurance company to its
- --
policyholders, (iii) an issuer of debt securities (other than debt securities
---
convertible into common or preferred stock) or (iv) with respect to an Advisory
--
Employee employed by BlackRock International, Ltd. a building society to its
depositors.
2. Private Placements
If you are a Portfolio Employee, you may not acquire Beneficial Ownership
of any Security in a private placement, or subsequently sell that interest,
unless you have received the prior written approval of the Compliance Officer
and of any supervisor designated by the Compliance Officer. Approval will not
be given unless a determination is made that the investment opportunity should
not be reserved for one or more Advisory Clients, and that the opportunity to
invest has not been offered to you by virtue of your position with an Advisor.
If you have acquired Beneficial Ownership of Securities in a private
placement, you must disclose that investment to your supervisor when you play a
part in any consideration of any investment by an Advisory Client in the issuer
of the Securities, and any decision to make such
________________________
/7/ The term "Exempt Security" means any Security (as defined in Appendix I)
not included within the definition of Security in SEC Rule 17j-1(e)(5) under the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, including:
1. A direct obligation of the Government of the United States;
2. Shares of registered open-end investment companies (i.e., mutual
funds); and
3. High quality short-term debt instruments, including, but not limited
to, bankers' acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial
paper and repurchase agreements.
See Appendix I for a more complete definition of "Exempt Security."
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an investment must be independently reviewed by a Portfolio Manager who does not
have a Beneficial Ownership interest in any Securities of the issuer.
D. Investment Transactions Requiring Prior Notification
You must give prior notification to the Compliance Officer of any
Investment Transaction in Securities or Futures Contracts in a Personal Account
or Related Account, or in which you otherwise have or will acquire a Beneficial
Ownership interest, unless that Investment Transaction, Security or Futures
Contract falls into one of the following categories that are identified as
"exempt from prior notification." The purpose of prior notification is to permit
the Compliance Officer and the Compliance Committee to take reasonable steps to
investigate whether that Investment Transaction is in accordance with this
Policy. Satisfaction of the prior notification requirement does not, however,
constitute approval or authorization of any Investment Transaction for which you
have given prior notification. As a result, the primary responsibility for
compliance with this Policy rests with you.
1. Prior Notification Procedure
Prior notification must be given by completing and submitting to the
Compliance Officer a copy of the prior notification form attached hereto as
Appendix VII. No Investment Transaction requiring prior notification may be
executed prior to notice by the Compliance Officer that the prior notification
process has been completed. The time and date of that notice will be reflected
on the prior notification form. Unless otherwise specified, an Investment
Transaction requiring prior notification must be placed and executed by the end
of trading in New York City or, in the case of Advisory Employees employed by
BlackRock International, Ltd., by the end of trading in the United Kingdom on
the day of notice from the Compliance Officer that the prior notification
process has been completed. If a proposed Investment Transaction is not
executed (with the exception of a limit order) within the time specified, you
must repeat the prior notification process before executing the transaction. A
notice from a Compliance Officer that the prior notification process has been
completed is no longer effective if you discover, prior to executing your
Investment Transaction, that the information on your prior notification form is
no longer accurate, or if the Compliance Officer revokes his or her notice for
any other reason.
The Compliance Officer may undertake such investigation as he or she
considers necessary to investigate whether an Investment Transaction for which
prior notification has been sought complies with the terms of this Policy and is
consistent with the general principles described at the beginning of this
Policy.
As part of that investigation, the Compliance Officer or a designee of the
Compliance Officer will determine whether there is a pending buy or sell order
in the same equity Security or Futures Contract, or a Related Security, on
behalf of an Advisory Client./8/ If such an order exists, the Compliance
Officer will not provide notice that the prior notification process has been
completed until the Advisory Client's order is executed or withdrawn.
2. Exemptions From Prior Notification
________________________
/8/ The term "Related Security" means, as to any Security, any instrument
related in value to that Security, including, but not limited to, any option or
warrant to purchase or sell that Security, and any Security convertible into or
exchangeable for that Security.
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Prior notification will not be required for the following Investment
Transactions, Securities and Futures Contracts. They are exempt only from the
Policy's prior notification requirement, and, unless otherwise indicated, remain
subject to the Policy's other requirements, including its reporting
requirements.
(a) Transactions Exempt From Prior Notification
Prior notification is not required for any of the following Investment
Transactions:
1. Any Investment Transaction in a Fully Discretionary Account that has
been approved as such by the Compliance Officer.
2. Purchases of Securities under dividend reinvestment plans.
3. Purchases of Securities by an exercise of rights issued to the holders
of a class of Securities pro rata, to the extent those rights are
issued with respect to Securities of which you have Beneficial
Ownership.
4. Acquisitions or dispositions of Securities as the result of a stock
dividend, stock split, reverse stock split, merger, consolidation,
spin-off or other similar corporate distribution or reorganization
applicable to all holders of a class of Securities of which you have
Beneficial Ownership.
5. Purchases of common stock of PNC Bank Corp. under the Employee Stock
Purchase Plan.
6. With respect to Advisory Employees who are employed by BlackRock
International, Inc., automatic investments by direct debit into a
personal equity plan (PEP), or similar type of plan in Exempt
Securities if the pre-notification process was completed for the first
such investment.
7. Investment Transactions made by a person who serves on the Board of
Directors of an Advisor and is not involved with the Advisory
operations of such Advisor nor engages in the type of activities
described under (1) (2) or (3) under the term Advisory Employee as
defined in Appendix I.
(b) Securities Exempt From Prior Notification
Prior notification is not required for an Investment Transaction in an
Exempt Security, as defined in Appendix I, e.g., U.S. Government securities,
shares in registered open-end investment companies (i.e., mutual funds) and
"high quality short-term debt instruments" (as defined in Appendix I).
(c) Futures Contracts Exempt From Prior Notification
Prior notification is not required for an Investment Transaction in the
following Futures Contracts:
1. Currency futures.
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2. U.S. Treasury futures.
3. Eurodollar futures.
4. Physical commodity futures (e.g., contracts for future delivery of
----
grain, livestock, fiber or metals).
5. Futures contracts to acquire Fixed Income Securities issued by a U.S.
Government agency, a foreign government, or an international or
supranational agency.
6. Futures contracts on the Standard and Poor's 500 (S&P 500) or the Dow
Jones Industrial Average or NASDAQ 100 stock indexes.
7. For Advisory Employees who are employed by BlackRock International,
Ltd., futures contracts on the Financial Times Stock Exchange 100
(FTSE) Index.
E. Ban On Short-Term Trading Profits
You may not profit from the purchase and sale, or the sale and purchase,
within 60 calendar days, of the same Securities and/or Related Security. Any
such short-term trade must be reversed or unwound, or if that is not practical,
the profits must be disgorged and distributed in a manner determined by the
Compliance Committee.
This short-term trading ban does not apply to Investment Transactions in
Exempt Securities (as defined in Appendix I) or in Futures Contracts. This ban
also does not apply to a purchase or sale in connection with a Transaction
Exempt From Prior Notification (as described above in Section II.D.2.(a)), a
transaction in a Fully Discretionary Account or a transaction exempt from the
"blackout" periods pursuant to Section II.F.2 below.
You are considered to profit from a short-term trade if Securities of which
you have Beneficial Ownership (including Securities held by Immediate Family
members) are sold for more than their purchase price, even though the Securities
purchased and the Securities sold are held of record or beneficially by
different persons or entities.
F. Blackout Periods
Your ability to engage in certain Investment Transactions may be prohibited
or restricted during the "blackout" periods described below:
1. Specific Blackout Periods
a. You may not purchase or sell a Security, a Related Security,
or Futures Contract at a time when you intend or know of
another's intention to purchase or sell that same Security,
a Related Security, or Futures Contract, on behalf of an
Advisory Client of any Advisor (the "Specific Knowledge
Blackout Period").
b. In addition, if you are a Portfolio Employee, you may not
purchase or sell a Security, a Related Security or a Futures
Contract which you are actively considering or which you
have actively considered and rejected for purchase or sale
for an Advisory Client within the previous 15 calendar days
(the "15-
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Day Blackout Period") unless the Compliance Officer, after
consultation with your supervisor, has approved your
Investment Transaction./9/
c. Finally, if you are a Portfolio Manager, you may not
purchase or sell a Security, a Related Security, or Futures
Contract within 7 calendar days before or after a
transaction in that Security, a Related Security, or Futures
Contract, by an Advisory Client for which you are
responsible (the "7-Day Blackout Period").
For Portfolio Employees or Portfolio Managers, the Compliance Officer will
not give such notice until any applicable 15-Day Blackout Period or 7-Day
Blackout Period has expired or any required approvals or exemptions have been
obtained. An Investment Transaction that violates one of these Blackout
restrictions must be reversed or unwound, or if that is not practical, the
profits must be disgorged and distributed in a manner determined by the
Compliance Committee.
2. Exemptions From Blackout Restrictions
The foregoing blackout period restrictions do not apply to Investment
Transactions in:
a. Exempt Securities, as defined in Appendix I.
b. Securities of a company listed on the Standard & Poor's 100 (S & P
100) Index.
c. A Futures Contract Exempt From Prior Notification under this Policy
(as described above).
d. A Fully Discretionary Account.
e. With respect to Advisory Employees who are employed by BlackRock
International, Ltd., securities of a company listed on the Financial
Times Stock Exchange 100 (FTSE 100).
III. INSIDE INFORMATION AND SERVICE AS A DIRECTOR
A. Inside Information
As an employee of a subsidiary of PNC and BlackRock, Inc., you must comply
with the PNC Insider Trading Policy and the BlackRock, Inc. Insider Trading
Policy. A copy of the PNC Insider Trading Policy is included in Section E of
the PNC Code of Ethics. A copy of the BlackRock, Inc. Insider Trading Policy
was furnished to all employees at the time of its adoption and is furnished to
all new employees at the commencement of their employment. In addition, as an
Advisory Employee, you must notify the General Counsel of BlackRock if you
________________________
/9/ SEC Rule 17j-1 places restrictions on the purchase or sale of any "security
held or to be acquired" by a registered investment company. Rule 17j-1(e)(6)
defines a "security held or to be acquired" by a registered investment company
as including any security which, within the most recent 15 days, "is being or
has been considered by such company or its investment adviser for purchase by
such company."
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receive or expect to receive material non-public information about an entity
that issues securities. The General Counsel will determine the restrictions, if
any, that will apply to your communications and activities while in possession
of that information. In general, those restrictions will include:
1. An undertaking not to trade, either on your own behalf or on
behalf of an Advisory Client, in the securities of the
entity about which you have material non-public information.
2. An undertaking not to disclose material non-public
information to other Advisory Employees.
3. An undertaking not to participate in discussions with or
decisions by other Advisory Employees relating to the entity
about which you have material non-public information.
The General Counsel, in cooperation with the Compliance Officer, will maintain a
"restricted list" of entities about which Advisory Employees may have material
non-public information. This "restricted list" will be available to the
Compliance Officer when he or she conducts investigations or reviews related to
the Prior Notification Procedure described previously in Section II(D)(1) or the
Post-Trade Monitoring process described below in Section V(B)(3).
B. Service As A Director
You may not serve on the board of directors or other governing board of any
entity unless you have received the prior written approval of the General
Counsel of PNC, to the extent such approval is required under the terms of the
PNC Code of Ethics, and the General Counsel of BlackRock. If permitted to serve
on a governing board, an Advisory Employee will be isolated from those Advisory
Employees who make investment decisions regarding the securities of that entity,
through a "Chinese wall" or other procedures determined by the General Counsel
of BlackRock. In general, the "Chinese wall" or other procedures will include:
1. An undertaking not to trade or to cause a trade on behalf of
an Advisory Client in the securities of the entity on whose
board you serve.
2. An undertaking not to disclose material non-public
information about that entity to other Advisory Employees.
3. An undertaking not to participate in discussions with or
decisions by other Advisory Employees relating to the entity
on whose board you serve.
Any entity on whose board an Advisory Employee serves will be included on the
"restricted list" referenced in subsection A, above.
IV. EXEMPTIONS
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The Compliance Committee, in its discretion, may grant case-by-case
exceptions to any of the foregoing requirements, restrictions or prohibitions,
except that the Compliance Committee may not exempt any Investment Transaction
in a Security (other than an Exempt Security) or a Futures Contract from the
Policy's reporting requirements. Exemptions from the Policy's prior
notification requirements and from the Policy's restrictions on acquisitions in
initial public offerings, short-term trading and trading during blackout periods
will require a determination by the Compliance Committee that the exempted
transaction does not involve a realistic possibility of violating the general
principles described at the beginning of this Policy. An application for a
case-by-case exemption, in accordance with this paragraph, should be made in
writing to the Compliance Officer, who will promptly forward that written
request to the members of the Compliance Committee.
V. COMPLIANCE
A. Certifications
1. Upon Receipt Of This Policy
Upon commencement of your employment or the effective date of this Policy,
whichever occurs later, you will be required to acknowledge receipt of your copy
of this Policy by completing and returning to the Compliance Officer a copy of
the form attached hereto as Appendix II. By that acknowledgment, you will also
agree:
1. To read the Policy, to make a reasonable effort to understand its
provisions, and to ask the Compliance Officer questions about
those provisions you find confusing or difficult to understand.
2. To comply with the Policy, including its general principles, its
reporting requirements, its prohibitions, its prior notification
requirements, its short-term trading and blackout restrictions.
3. To advise the members of your Immediate Family about the
existence of the Policy, its applicability to their personal
Investment Transactions, and your responsibility to assure that
their personal Investment Transactions comply with the Policy.
4. To cooperate fully with any investigation or inquiry by or on
behalf of the Compliance Officer or the Compliance Committee to
determine your compliance with the provisions of the Policy.
In addition, your acknowledgment will recognize that any failure to comply with
the Policy and to honor the commitments made by your acknowledgment may result
in disciplinary action, including dismissal.
2. Annual Certificate Of Compliance
You are required to certify on an annual basis, on a copy of the form
attached hereto as Appendix III, that you have complied with each provision of
your initial acknowledgment (see above). In particular, your annual
certification will require that you certify that you have read and that you
understand the Policy, that you recognize that you are subject to its
provisions, that
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you complied with the requirements of the Policy during the year just ended, and
that you have disclosed, reported, or caused to be reported all Investment
Transactions required to be disclosed or reported pursuant to the requirements
of the Policy and that you have disclosed, reported or caused to be reported all
Personal Accounts and Related Accounts that hold or are likely to hold a
Security or Futures Contract in which you have a Beneficial Ownership interest.
In addition, you will be required to confirm the accuracy of the record of
information on file with the Advisor with respect to such Personal Accounts and
Related Accounts.
B. Supervisory Procedures
1. The Compliance Committee
The Policy will be implemented, monitored and reviewed by the Compliance
Committee. The initial members of the Compliance Committee will be appointed by
the management committee of BlackRock. The Compliance Committee, by a simple
majority of its members, may appoint new members of the Committee, may replace
existing members of the Committee, and may fill vacancies on the Committee.
Among other responsibilities, the Compliance Committee will consider requests
for case-by-case exemptions (described above) and will conduct investigations
(described below) of any actual or suspected violations of the Policy. The
Compliance Committee will determine what remedial actions, if any, should be
taken by an Advisor in response to a violation of the Policy. The Compliance
Committee will also provide reports (described below) regarding significant
violations of the Policy and the procedures to implement the Policy. The
Compliance Committee may recommend changes to those procedures or to the Policy
to the management of the Advisors. Finally, the Compliance Committee will
designate one person to act as Compliance Officer for all Advisors.
2. The Compliance Officer
The Compliance Officer designated by the Compliance Committee will be
responsible for the day-to-day administration of the Policy for all Advisors,
subject to the direction and control of the Compliance Committee. Based on
information supplied by the management of each Advisor, the Compliance Officer
will forward a copy of the Policy to each Advisory Employee subject to the
Policy and will notify each such person of his or her designation as an Advisory
Employee, Portfolio Employee or Portfolio Manager. The Compliance Officer will
also be responsible for administration of the reporting and prior notification
functions described in the Policy, and will maintain the reports required by
those functions. In addition, the Compliance Officer will attempt to answer any
questions from an Advisory Employee regarding the interpretation or
administration of the Policy. When necessary or desirable, the Compliance
Officer will consult with the Compliance Committee about such questions. The
Compliance Officer may designate one or more Assistant Compliance Officers to
whom the Compliance Officer may delegate any of the duties described in this
paragraph or in the succeeding paragraph, and who shall be empowered to act on
the Compliance Officer's behalf when the Compliance Officer is absent or
unavailable.
3. Post-Trade Monitoring And Investigations
The Compliance Officer will review the Duplicate Broker Reports and other
information supplied for each Advisory Employee so that the Compliance Officer
can detect and prevent potential violations of the Policy. This information may
also be disclosed to the Advisor's auditors, attorneys and regulators. If,
based on his or her review of information supplied for an Advisory Employee, or
based on other information, the Compliance Officer suspects that the Policy may
have been violated, the Compliance Officer will perform such investigations and
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make such inquiries as he or she considers necessary. You should expect that,
as a matter of course, the Compliance Officer will make inquiries regarding any
personal Investment Transaction in a Security or Futures Contract that occurs on
the same day as a transaction in the same Security or Futures Contract on behalf
of an Advisory Client. If the Compliance Officer reaches a preliminary
conclusion that an Advisory Employee may have violated this Policy, the
Compliance Officer will report that preliminary conclusion in a timely manner to
the Compliance Committee and will furnish to the Committee all information that
relates to the Compliance Officer's preliminary conclusion. The Compliance
Officer may also report his or her preliminary conclusion and the information
relating to that preliminary conclusion to the Advisor's auditors, attorneys and
regulators.
Promptly after receiving the Compliance Officer's report of a possible
violation of the Policy, the Compliance Committee, with the aid and assistance
of the Compliance Officer, will conduct an appropriate investigation to
determine whether the Policy has been violated and will determine what remedial
action should be taken by the Advisor in response to any such violation(s). For
purposes of these determinations, a majority of the Compliance Committee will
constitute a quorum and action taken by a simple majority of that quorum will
constitute action by the Committee.
4. Remedial Actions
The remedial actions that may be recommended by the Compliance Committee
may include, but are not limited to, disgorgement of profits, imposition of a
fine, censure, demotion, suspension or dismissal. As part of any sanction,
e.g., for violation of the Policy's restrictions on short-term trading or
trading during blackout periods, you may be required to reverse or unwind a
transaction and to forfeit any profit or to absorb any loss from the
transaction. If an Investment Transaction may not be reversed or unwound, you
may be required to disgorge any profits associated with the transaction, which
profits will be distributed in a manner prescribed by the Compliance Committee
in the exercise of its discretion. Profits derived from Investment Transactions
in violation of this Policy may not be offset by any losses from Investment
Transactions in violation of this Policy. Finally, evidence suggesting
violations of criminal laws will be reported to the appropriate authorities, as
required by applicable law.
In determining what, if any, remedial action is appropriate in response to
a violation of the Policy, the Compliance Committee will consider, among other
factors, the gravity of your violation, the frequency of your violations,
whether any violation caused harm or the potential of harm to any Advisory
Client, whether you knew or should have known that your Investment Transaction
violated the Policy, whether you engaged in an Investment Transaction with a
view to making a profit on the anticipated market action of a transaction by an
Advisory Client, your efforts to cooperate with the Compliance Officer's
investigation, and your efforts to correct any conduct that led to a violation.
In rare instances, the Compliance Committee may find that, for equitable
reasons, no remedial action should be taken.
5. Reports Of Violations Requiring Significant Remedial Action
In a timely manner, and not less frequently than annually, the Compliance
Committee will report to the management committee of BlackRock, and to the
directors or trustees of each investment company that is an Advisory Client, any
known Policy violation requiring significant remedial action (as defined below)
and the disposition of that violation. For this purpose, a significant remedial
action means any action that has a significant financial effect on the violator.
Evidence suggesting violations of criminal laws will be reported to the
appropriate authorities, as required by applicable law.
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6. Annual Reports
The Compliance Committee will furnish an annual report to the management
committee of BlackRock, and to the directors or trustees of each investment
company that is an Advisory Client, that, at a minimum, will:
1. Summarize existing procedures and restrictions concerning personal
investing by Advisory Employees and any changes in those procedures
and restrictions that were made during the previous year;
2. Summarize any violations of the Policy that resulted in significant
remedial action during the previous year; and
3. Describe any changes in existing procedures or restrictions that the
Compliance Committee recommends based upon its experience under the
Policy, evolving industry practices, or developments in applicable
laws or regulations.
VI. EFFECTIVE DATE
The provisions of this Policy will take effect on October 1, 1998.
Amendments to this Policy will take effect at the time such amendments are
promulgated and distributed to the Advisory Employees governed by this Policy.
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APPENDIX I
Definitions Of Capitalized Terms
The following definitions apply to the capitalized terms used in the
Policy:
Advisor
The term "Advisor" means any entity affiliated with BlackRock, whether now
in existence or formed after the date hereof, that is registered as (i) an
investment advisor under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, or
(ii) a broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,
other than any such investment advisor or broker-dealer that has adopted its own
employee investment transaction policy.
Advisory Client
The term "Advisory Client" means a registered investment company, an
institutional investment client, a personal trust or estate, a guardianship, an
employee benefit trust, or another client with which the Advisor by which you
are employed or with which you are associated has an investment management,
advisory or sub-advisory contract or relationship.
Advisory Employee
The term "Advisory Employee" means an officer, director, or employee of an
Advisor, or any other person identified as a "control person" on the Form ADV or
the Form BD filed by the Advisor with the U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission, (1) who, in connection with his or her regular functions or duties,
generates, participates in, or obtains information regarding that Advisor's
purchase or sale of a Security by or on behalf of an Advisory Client; (2) whose
regular functions or duties relate to the making of any recommendations with
respect to such purchases or sales; or (3) who obtains information or exercises
influence concerning investment recommendations made to an Advisory Client of
that Advisor or who has line oversight or management responsibilities over
employees who obtain such information or who exercise such influence.
Beneficial Ownership
As a general matter, you are considered to have a "Beneficial Ownership"
interest in a Security or Futures Contract if you have the opportunity, directly
or indirectly, to profit or share in any profit derived from a transaction in
that Security. You are presumed to have a Beneficial Ownership interest in any
Security or Futures Contract held, individually or jointly, by you and/or by a
member of your Immediate Family (as defined below). In addition, unless
specifically excepted by the Compliance Officer based on a showing that your
interest or control is sufficiently attenuated to avoid the possibility of a
conflict, you will be considered to have a Beneficial Ownership interest in a
Security or Futures Contract held by: (1) a joint account to which you are a
party, (2) a partnership in which you are a general partner, (3) a limited
liability company in which you are a manager-member, or (4) a trust in which you
or a member of your Immediate Family has a vested interest. Although you may
have a Beneficial Ownership interest in a Security or Futures Contract held in a
Fully Discretionary Account (as defined below), the application of this Policy
to such a Security or Futures Contract may be modified by the special exemptions
provided for Fully Discretionary Accounts.
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As a technical matter, the term "Beneficial Ownership" for purposes of this
Policy will be interpreted in the same manner as it would be under SEC Rule 16a-
1(a)(2) in determining whether a person has beneficial ownership of a security
for purposes of Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the rules
and regulations thereunder.
BlackRock
The term "BlackRock" means BlackRock, Inc.
Compliance Committee
The term "Compliance Committee" means the committee of persons who have
responsibility for implementing, monitoring and reviewing the Policy, in
accordance with Section V(B)(1) of the Policy.
Compliance Officer
The term "Compliance Officer" means the person designated by the Compliance
Committee as responsible for the day-to-day administration of the Policy in
accordance with Section V(B)(2) of the Policy.
Duplicate Broker Reports
The term "Duplicate Broker Reports" means duplicate copies of confirmations
of transactions in your Personal or Related Accounts and of periodic statements
for those accounts.
Exempt Security
The term "Exempt Security" means any Security (as defined below) not
included within the definition of Security in SEC Rule 17j-1(e)(5) under the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, including:
1. A direct obligation of the Government of the United States;
2. Shares of registered open-end investment companies; and
3. High quality short-term debt instruments, including, but not limited
to, bankers' acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial
paper and repurchase agreements. For these purposes, a "high quality
short-term debt instrument" means any instrument having a maturity at
issuance of less than 366 days and which is rated in one of the
highest two rating categories by a Nationally Recognized Statistical
Rating Organization, or which is unrated but is of comparable quality.
4. For Advisory Employees employed by BlackRock International, Ltd.,
shares of authorized unit trusts, open-ended investment companies
(OEIC's) and direct obligations of the Government of the United
Kingdom.
Fixed Income Securities
For purposes of this Policy, the term "Fixed Income Securities" means fixed
income Securities issued by agencies or instrumentalities of, or unconditionally
guaranteed by, the Government of the United States, corporate debt Securities,
mortgage-backed and other asset-
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backed Securities, fixed income Securities issued by state or local governments
or the political subdivisions thereof, structured notes and loan participations,
foreign government debt Securities, and debt Securities of international
agencies or supranational agencies. For purposes of this Policy, the term "Fixed
Income Securities" will not be interpreted to include U.S. Government Securities
or any other Exempt Security (as defined above).
Fully Discretionary Account
The term "Fully Discretionary Account" means a Personal Account or Related
Account (as defined below) managed or held by a broker-dealer, futures
commission merchant, investment advisor or trustee as to which neither you nor
an Immediate Family Member (as defined below): (a) exercises any investment
discretion; (b) suggests or receives notice of transactions prior to their
execution; and (c) otherwise has any direct or indirect influence or control. In
addition, to qualify as a Fully Discretionary Account, the individual broker,
registered representative or merchant responsible for that account must not be
responsible for nor receive advance notice of any purchase or sale of a Security
or Futures Contract on behalf of an Advisory Client. To qualify an account as a
Fully Discretionary Account, the Compliance Officer must receive and approve a
written notice, in the form attached hereto as Appendix VIII, that the account
meets the foregoing qualifications as a Fully Discretionary Account.
Futures Contract
The term "Futures Contract" includes (a) a futures contract and an option
on a futures contract traded on a U.S. or foreign board of trade, such as the
Chicago Board of Trade, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, the New York Mercantile
Exchange, or the London International Financial Futures Exchange (a "Publicly-
Traded Futures Contract"), as well as (b) a forward contract, a "swap", a "cap",
a "collar", a "floor" and an over-the-counter option (other than an option on a
foreign currency, an option on a basket of currencies, an option on a Security
or an option on an index of Securities, which fall within the definition of
"Security") (a "Privately-Traded Futures Contract"). You should consult with the
Compliance Officer if you have any doubt about whether a particular Investment
Transaction you contemplate involves a Futures Contract. For purposes of this
definition, a Publicly-Traded Futures Contract is defined by its expiration
month, i.e., a Publicly-Traded Futures Contract on a U.S. Treasury Bond that
expires in June is treated as a separate Publicly-Traded Futures Contract, when
compared to a Publicly-Traded Futures Contract on a U.S. Treasury Bond that
expires in July.
Immediate Family
The term "Immediate Family" means any of the following persons who reside
in your household or who depend on you for basic living support: your spouse,
any child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, sibling,
mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or
sister-in-law, including any adoptive relationships.
Investment Transaction
For purposes of this Policy, the term "Investment Transaction" means any
transaction in a Security or Futures Contract in which you have, or by reason of
the transaction will acquire, a Beneficial Ownership interest. The exercise of
an option to acquire a Security or Futures Contract is an Investment Transaction
in that Security or Futures Contract.
Personal Account
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The term "Personal Account" means the following accounts that hold or are
likely to hold a Security or Futures Contract in which you have a Beneficial
Ownership interest:
. any account in your individual name;
. any joint or tenant-in-common account in which you have an interest or
are a participant;
. any account for which you act as trustee, executor, or custodian; and
. any account over which you have investment discretion or have the
power (whether or not exercised) to direct the acquisition or
disposition of Securities or Futures Contracts (other than an Advisory
Client's account that you manage or over which you have investment
discretion), including the accounts of any individual or entity that
is managed or controlled directly or indirectly by or through you.
There is a presumption that you can control accounts held by members
of your Immediate Family sharing the same household. This presumption
may be rebutted only by convincing evidence.
Policy
The term "Policy" means this Employee Investment Transaction Policy.
Portfolio Employee
The term "Portfolio Employee" means a Portfolio Manager or an Advisory
Employee who provides information or advice to a Portfolio Manager, who helps
execute a Portfolio Manager's decisions, or who directly supervises a Portfolio
Manager.
Portfolio Manager
The term "Portfolio Manager" means any employee of an Advisor who has the
authority, whether sole or shared or only from time to time, to make investment
decisions or to direct trades affecting an Advisory Client.
Related Account
The term "Related Account" means any account, other than a Personal
Account, that holds a Security or Futures Contract in which you have a direct or
indirect Beneficial Ownership interest (other than an account over which you
have no investment discretion and cannot otherwise exercise control) and any
account (other than an Advisory Client's account) of any individual or entity to
whom you give advice or make recommendations with regard to the acquisition or
disposition of Securities or Futures Contracts (whether or not such advice is
acted upon).
Related Security
The term "Related Security" means, as to any Security, any instrument
related in value to that Security, including, but not limited to, any option or
warrant to purchase or sell that Security, and any Security convertible into or
exchangeable for that Security. For example, the purchase and exercise of an
option to acquire a Security is subject to the same restrictions that would
apply to the purchase of the Security itself.
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Security
As a general matter, the term "Security" means any stock, note, bond,
debenture or other evidence of indebtedness (including any loan participation or
assignment), limited partnership interest, or investment contract, other than an
Exempt Security (as defined above). The term "Security" includes an option on a
Security, an index of Securities, a currency or a basket of currencies,
including such an option traded on the Chicago Board of Options Exchange or on
the New York, American, Pacific or Philadelphia Stock Exchanges as well as such
an option traded in the over-the-counter market. The term "Security" does not
include a physical commodity or a Futures Contract. The term "Security" may
include an interest in a limited liability company (LLC) or in a private
investment fund.
As a technical matter, the term "Security" has the meaning set forth in
Section 2(a)(36) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, which defines a Security
to mean:
Any note, stock, treasury stock, bond debenture, evidence of indebtedness,
certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement,
collateral-trust certificate, preorganization certificate or subscription,
transferable share, investment contract, voting-trust certificate,
certificate of deposit for a security, fractional undivided interest in
oil, gas, or other mineral rights, any put, call, straddle, option, or
privilege on any security (including a certificate of deposit) or on any
group or index of securities (including any interest therein or based on
the value thereof), or any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege
entered into on a national securities exchange relating to foreign
currency, or, in general, any interest or instrument commonly known as a
"security", or any certificate of interest or instrument commonly known as
a "security", or any certificate of interest or participation in, temporary
or interim certificate for, receipt for, guarantee of, warrant or right to
subscribe to or purchase any of the foregoing,
except that the term "Security" does not include any Security that is an Exempt
Security (as defined above), a Futures Contract (as defined above), or a
physical commodity (such as foreign exchange or a precious metal).
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