<PAGE>
AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON MARCH 27, 1996
REGISTRATION NOS.: 33-46515
811-6608
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- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
----------------
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 /X/
PRE-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. / /
POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 4 /X/
AND/OR
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY
ACT OF 1940 /X/
AMENDMENT NO. 6 /X/
-------------------
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
(A MASSACHUSETTS BUSINESS TRUST)
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN CHARTER)
TWO WORLD TRADE CENTER
NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10048
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICE)
REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE: (212) 392-1600
SHELDON CURTIS, ESQ.
TWO WORLD TRADE CENTER
NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10048
(NAME AND ADDRESS OF AGENT FOR SERVICE)
COPY TO:
DAVID M. BUTOWSKY, ESQ.
GORDON ALTMAN BUTOWSKY
WEITZEN SHALOV & WEIN
114 WEST 47TH STREET
NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10036
-------------------
APPROXIMATE DATE OF PROPOSED PUBLIC OFFERING:
As soon as practicable after
the effective date of this registration statement.
-------------------
IT IS PROPOSED THAT THIS FILING WILL BECOME EFFECTIVE (CHECK APPROPRIATE BOX)
____ immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)
__X__ on March 28, 1996, pursuant to paragraph (b)
____ 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)
____ on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a) of rule 485.
-------------------
THE REGISTRANT HAS REGISTERED AN INDEFINITE NUMBER OF ITS SHARES UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 PURSUANT TO SECTION (A)(1) OF RULE 24F-2 OF THE
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940. PURSUANT TO SECTION (B)(2) OF RULE 24F-2, THE
REGISTRANT FILED A RULE 24-F NOTICE FOR ITS FISCAL YEAR ENDED JANUARY 31, 1996
WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON MARCH 4, 1996.
AMENDING THE PROSPECTUS AND UPDATING FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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<PAGE>
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
CROSS REFERENCE SHEET
FORM N-1A
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ITEM CAPTION
- ----------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
PART A PROSPECTUS
1. .......................................... Cover Page
2. .......................................... Summary of Fund Expenses; Prospectus Summary
3. .......................................... Financial Highlights; Performance Information
4. .......................................... Investment Objective and Policies; The Fund and its Management; Cover
Page; Investment Restrictions; Prospectus Summary
5. .......................................... The Fund and Its Management; Back Cover; Investment Objective and
Policies
6. .......................................... Dividends, Distributions and Taxes; Additional Information
7. .......................................... Purchase of Fund Shares; Shareholder Services; Repurchases and
Redemptions
8. .......................................... Repurchases and Redemptions; Shareholder Services
9. .......................................... Not Applicable
PART B STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
10. .......................................... Cover Page
11. .......................................... Table of Contents
12. .......................................... The Fund and Its Management
13. .......................................... Investment Practices and Policies; Investment Restrictions; Portfolio
Transactions and Brokerage
14. .......................................... The Fund and Its Management; Trustees and Officers
15. .......................................... Trustees and Officers
16. .......................................... The Fund and Its Management; Custodian and Transfer Agent; Independent
Accountants
17. .......................................... Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage
18. .......................................... Description of Shares
19. .......................................... Repurchases and Redemptions; Shareholder Services
20. .......................................... Dividends, Distributions and Taxes
21. .......................................... The Distributor
22. .......................................... Performance Information
23. .......................................... Financial Statements
</TABLE>
PART C
Information required to be included in Part C is set forth under the
appropriate item, so numbered, in Part C of this Registration Statement.
<PAGE>
PROSPECTUS
MARCH 28, 1996
TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund (the "Fund") is an open-end, non-diversified
management investment company, whose investment objective is long-term capital
appreciation. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing
primarily in equity securities of Latin American issuers. THE FUND MAY INVEST UP
TO 35% OF ITS TOTAL ASSETS IN HIGH RISK DEBT SECURITIES WHICH ARE UNRATED OR
RATED BELOW INVESTMENT GRADE. INVESTMENTS IN LATIN AMERICA INVOLVE CERTAIN
SPECIAL RISK FACTORS AND THEREFORE MAY NOT BE SUITABLE FOR ALL INVESTORS.
Shares of the Fund are continuously offered at net asset value without the
imposition of a sales charge. However, repurchases and/or redemptions are
subject in most cases to a contingent deferred sales charge, scaled down from 5%
to 1% of the amount redeemed, if made within six years of purchase, which charge
will be paid to the Fund's Distributor, Dean Witter Distributors Inc. See
"Repurchases and Redemptions -- Contingent Deferred Sales Charge." In addition,
the Fund pays the Distributor a Rule 12b-1 distribution fee pursuant to a Plan
of Distribution at the annual rate of 1% of the lesser of the (i) average daily
aggregate net sales or (ii) average daily net assets of the Fund. See "Purchase
of Fund Shares -- Plan of Distribution."
This Prospectus sets forth concisely the information you should know before
investing in the Fund. It should be read and retained for future reference.
Additional information about the Fund is contained in the Statement of
Additional Information, dated March 28, 1996, which has been filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission, and which is available at no charge upon
request of the Fund at the address or telephone numbers listed on this page. The
Statement of Additional Information is incorporated herein by reference.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Prospectus Summary /2
Summary of Fund Expenses /4
Financial Highlights /5
The Fund and its Management /5
Investment Objective and Policies /6
Risk Considerations /9
Investment Restrictions /15
Purchase of Fund Shares /15
Shareholder Services /18
Repurchases and Redemptions /20
Dividends, Distributions and Taxes /22
Performance Information /23
Additional Information /24
SHARES OF THE FUND ARE NOT DEPOSITS OR OBLIGATIONS OF, OR GUARANTEED OR ENDORSED
BY, ANY BANK, AND THE SHARES ARE NOT FEDERALLY INSURED BY THE FEDERAL DEPOSIT
INSURANCE CORPORATION, THE FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD, OR ANY OTHER AGENCY.
THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION NOR HAS THE SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE
ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN
GROWTH FUND
Two World Trade Center
New York, New York 10048
(212) 392-2550 or
(800) 869-NEWS (toll-free)
Dean Witter Distributors Inc.
Distributor
<PAGE>
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
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<TABLE>
<S> <C>
THE The Fund is organized as a trust, commonly known as a Massachusetts business
FUND trust, and is an open-end, non-diversified management investment company
investing primarily in equity securities of Latin American issuers.
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHARES Shares of beneficial interest with $0.01 par value (see page 24). The Fund may
OFFERED in the future suspend the offering of its shares from time to time as may be
consistent with prudent portfolio management.
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OFFERING At net asset value without sales charge (see page 15). Shares redeemed within
PRICE six years of purchase are subject to a contingent deferred sales charge under
most circumstances (see page 21).
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MINIMUM The minimum initial investment is $1,000 ($100 if the account is opened
PURCHASE through EasyInvestSM) and the minimum subsequent investment is $100 (see pages
15-16).
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVESTMENT The investment objective of the Fund is long-term capital appreciation.
OBJECTIVE
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MANAGER Dean Witter Services Company Inc. (the "Manager"), a wholly-owned subsidiary
of Dean Witter InterCapital Inc. ("InterCapital"), is the Fund's Manager. The
Manager also serves as Manager to eleven other TCW/DW Funds. The Manager and
InterCapital serve in various investment management, advisory, management and
administrative capacities to a total of ninety-six investment companies and
other portfolios with assets of approximately $82.5 billion at February 29,
1996.
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ADVISER TCW Funds Management, Inc. (the "Adviser") is the Fund's investment adviser.
In addition to the Fund, the Adviser serves as investment adviser to eleven
other TCW/DW Funds. As of February 29, 1996, the Adviser and its affiliates
had approximately $53 billion under management or committed to management in
various fiduciary or advisory capacities, primarily from institutional
investors.
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MANAGEMENT The Manager receives a monthly fee at the annual rate of 0.75% of daily net
AND ADVISORY assets, scaled down on assets over $500 million. The Adviser receives a
FEES monthly fee at an annual rate of 0.50% of daily net assets, scaled down on
assets over $500 million. (see page 6).
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIVIDENDS Income dividends and capital gains, if any, will be distributed no less than
annually. Dividends and capital gains distributions are automatically
reinvested in additional shares at net asset value unless the shareholder
elects to receive cash (see page 22).
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DISTRIBUTOR Dean Witter Distributors Inc. (the "Distributor") is the distributor of the
Fund's shares. The Distributor receives from the Fund a distribution fee
accrued daily and payable monthly at the rate of 1% per annum of the lesser of
(i) the Fund's average daily aggregate net sales or (ii) the Fund's average
daily net assets. This fee compensates the Distributor for the services
provided in distributing shares of the Fund and for sales-related expenses.
The Distributor also receives the proceeds of any contingent deferred sales
charges (see pages 15 and 20).
</TABLE>
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2
<PAGE>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
REDEMPTION Shares are redeemable by the shareholder at net asset value. An account may be
CONTINGENT redeemed involuntarily if the total value of the account is less than $100 or,
DEFERRED if the account was opened through EasyInvest, if after twelve months the
SALES CHARGE shareholder has invested less than $1,000 in the account. Although no
commission or sales load is imposed upon the purchase of shares, a contingent
deferred sales charge (scaled down from 5% to 1%) is imposed on any redemption
of shares if after such redemption the aggregate current value of an account
with the Fund falls below the aggregate amount of the investor's purchase
payments made during the six years preceding the redemption. However, there is
no charge imposed on redemption of shares purchased through reinvestment of
dividends or distributions (see page 20).
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RISK The net asset value of the Fund's shares will fluctuate with changes in the
CONSIDERATIONS market value of the Fund's portfolio securities. It should be recognized that
the foreign securities and markets in which the Fund invests pose different
and greater risks than those customarily associated with domestic securities
and their markets, including (i) the risks associated with international
investments generally, such as fluctuations in foreign currency exchange
rates, (ii) the risks of investing in countries with smaller, less developed
capital markets, such as limited liquidity, price volatility, custodial
settlement issues and restrictions on foreign investment, and (iii) the risks
associated with Latin American economies, including high levels of inflation,
large amounts of debt and political and social uncertainties, such as the risk
of expropriation, nationalization or confiscation of the Fund's assets or the
imposition of restrictions on foreign investment or the repatriation of
capital invested. In addition, Latin American securities markets are subject
to non-uniform corporate disclosure standards and governmental regulation
which may lead to less publicly available and less reliable information
concerning Latin American issuers than is generally the case for U.S. issuers
(see page 9). The Fund may invest in securities issued by foreign investment
companies, which may result in additional costs to the Fund. The Fund is a
non-diversified investment company and, as such, is not subject to the
diversification requirements of the Investment Company Act of 1940. As a
result, a relatively high percentage of the Fund's assets may be invested in a
limited number of issuers. However, the Fund intends to continue to qualify as
a regulated investment company under the federal income tax laws and, as such,
is subject to the diversification requirements of the Internal Revenue Code
(see page 13). The Fund may invest in lower rated or unrated sovereign debt of
Latin American countries or debt securities of Latin American issuers, which
involves a high degree of risk (see page 8). The Fund also may engage in
options and futures transactions and may purchase securities on a when-issued,
delayed delivery or "when, as and if issued" basis, which may involve certain
additional risks (see pages 11-13).
</TABLE>
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THE ABOVE IS QUALIFIED IN ITS ENTIRETY BY THE DETAILED INFORMATION APPEARING
ELSEWHERE
IN THIS PROSPECTUS AND IN THE STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.
3
<PAGE>
SUMMARY OF FUND EXPENSES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following table illustrates all expenses and fees that a shareholder of the
Fund will incur. The expenses and fees set forth in the table are for the fiscal
year ended January 31, 1996.
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION EXPENSES
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum Sales Charge Imposed on Purchases......................................... None
Maximum Sales Charge Imposed on Reinvested Dividends.............................. None
Deferred Sales Charge
(as a percentage of the lesser of original purchase price or redemption
proceeds)........................................................................ 5.0%
A contingent deferred sales charge is imposed at the following declining
rates:
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR SINCE PURCHASE PAYMENT MADE PERCENTAGE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
<S> <C>
First...................................................................... 5.0%
Second..................................................................... 4.0%
Third...................................................................... 3.0%
Fourth..................................................................... 2.0%
Fifth...................................................................... 2.0%
Sixth...................................................................... 1.0%
Seventh and thereafter..................................................... None
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Redemption Fees................................................................... None
Exchange Fee...................................................................... None
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (AS A PERCENTAGE OF AVERAGE NET ASSETS)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Management and Advisory Fees...................................................... 1.25%
12b-1 Fees*....................................................................... 1.00%
Other Expenses.................................................................... 0.73%
Total Fund Operating Expenses..................................................... 2.98%
<FN>
- ------------
* A PORTION OF THE 12B-1 FEE EQUAL TO 0.25% OF THE FUND'S AVERAGE DAILY NET
ASSETS IS CHARACTERIZED AS A SERVICE FEE WITHIN THE MEANING OF NATIONAL
ASSOCIATION OF SECURITIES DEALERS ("NASD") GUIDELINES (SEE "PURCHASE OF
FUND SHARES").
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXAMPLE 1 YEAR 3 YEARS 5 YEARS 10 YEARS
- ------------------------------------------------------------------ ----- ----------- ----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
You would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment,
assuming (1) 5% annual return and (2) redemption at the end of
each time period:............................................... $ 80 $ 122 $ 177 $ 330
You would pay the following expenses on the same investment,
assuming no redemption.......................................... $ 30 $ 92 $ 157 $ 330
</TABLE>
THE ABOVE EXAMPLE SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF PAST OR
FUTURE EXPENSES OR PERFORMANCE. ACTUAL EXPENSES OF THE FUND MAY BE GREATER OR
LESS THAN THOSE SHOWN.
The purpose of this table is to assist the investor in understanding the
various costs and expenses that an investor in the Fund will bear directly or
indirectly. For a more complete description of these costs and expenses, see
"The Fund and its Management," "Plan of Distribution" and "Repurchases and
Redemptions" in this Prospectus.
Long-term shareholders of the Fund may pay more in sales charges and
distribution fees than the economic equivalent of the maximum front-end sales
charges permitted by the NASD.
4
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following ratios and per share data for a share of beneficial interest
outstanding throughout each period have been audited by Price Waterhouse LLP,
independent accountants. The financial highlights should be read in conjunction
with the financial statements, notes thereto, and the unqualified report of
independent accountants which are contained in the Statement of Additional
Information. Further information about the performance of the Fund is contained
in the Fund's Annual Report to Shareholders, which may be obtained without
charge upon request to the Fund.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FOR THE PERIOD
FOR THE YEAR ENDED JANUARY 31, DECEMBER 30, 1992*
--------------------------------------- THROUGH
1996 1995 1994 JANUARY 31, 1993
---------- -------- -------- ------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE OPERATING PERFORMANCE:
Net asset value, beginning of period.................. $ 9.35 $ 16.05 $ 9.56 $ 10.00
-------- -------- -------- -------
Net investment loss................................... (0.06) (0.17 ) (0.04 ) (0.01)
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)............... 0.19 (6.21 ) 6.68 (0.43)
-------- -------- -------- -------
Total from investment operations...................... 0.13 (6.38 ) 6.64 (0.44)
Less distributions from net realized gain............. -- (0.32 ) (0.15 ) --
-------- -------- -------- -------
Net asset value, end of period........................ $ 9.48 $ 9.35 $ 16.05 $ 9.56
-------- -------- -------- -------
-------- -------- -------- -------
TOTAL INVESTMENT RETURN+.............................. 1.39% (40.12 )% 69.49% (4.30)%(1)
RATIOS TO AVERAGE NET ASSETS:
Expenses.............................................. 2.98% 2.87% 2.89% 3.08%(2)
Net investment loss................................... (0.61)% (1.46 )% (0.90 )% (1.08)%(2)
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:
Net assets, end of period, in thousands............... $261,066 $294,774 $325,956 $69,611
Portfolio turnover rate............................... 64% 145% 111% 1%(1)
<FN>
- --------------
* COMMENCEMENT OF OPERATIONS.
+ DOES NOT REFLECT THE DEDUCTION OF SALES CHARGE.
(1) NOT ANNUALIZED.
(2) ANNUALIZED.
</TABLE>
THE FUND AND ITS MANAGEMENT
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund (the "Fund") is an open-end,
non-diversified management investment company. The Fund is a trust of the type
commonly known as a "Massachusetts business trust" and was organized under the
laws of Massachusetts on February 25, 1992.
Dean Witter Services Company Inc. (the "Manager"), whose address is Two
World Trade Center, New York, New York 10048, is the Fund's Manager. The Manager
is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Dean Witter InterCapital Inc. ("InterCapital").
InterCapital is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Dean Witter, Discover & Co.
("DWDC"), a balanced financial services organization providing a broad range of
nationally marketed credit and investment products.
The Manager acts as manager to eleven other TCW/DW Funds. The Manager and
InterCapital serve in various investment management, advisory, management and
administrative capacities to a total of ninety-six investment companies, thirty
of which are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, with combined assets of
approximately $79.9 billion as of February 29, 1996.
5
<PAGE>
InterCapital also manages and advises portfolios of pension plans, other
institutions and individuals which aggregated approximately $2.6 billion at such
date.
The Fund has retained the Manager to manage its business affairs, supervise
its overall day-to-day operations (other than providing investment advice) and
provide all administrative services.
TCW Funds Management, Inc. (the "Adviser"), whose address is 865 South
Figueroa Street, Suite 1800, Los Angeles, California 90017, is the Fund's
investment adviser. The Adviser was organized in 1987 as a wholly-owned
subsidiary of The TCW Group, Inc. ("TCW"), whose subsidiaries, including Trust
Company of the West and TCW Asset Management Company, provide a variety of
trust, investment management and investment advisory services. Robert A. Day,
who is Chairman of the Board of Directors of TCW, may be deemed to be a control
person of the Adviser by virtue of the aggregate ownership by Mr. Day and his
family of more than 25% of the outstanding voting stock of TCW. The Adviser
serves as investment adviser to eleven other TCW/DW Funds in addition to the
Fund. As of February 29, 1996, the Adviser and its affiliated companies had
approximately $53 billion under management or committed to management, primarily
from institutional investors.
The Fund has retained the Adviser to invest the Fund's assets.
The Fund's Trustees review the various services provided by the Manager and
the Adviser to ensure that the Fund's general investment policies and programs
are being properly carried out and that administrative services are being
provided to the Fund in a satisfactory manner.
As full compensation for the services and facilities furnished to the Fund
and for expenses of the Fund assumed by the Manager, the Fund pays the Manager
monthly compensation calculated daily by applying the annual rate of 0.75% to
the Fund's net assets up to $500 million, scaled down to 0.72% on assets over
$500 million. As compensation for its investment advisory services, the Fund
pays the Adviser monthly compensation calculated daily by applying an annual
rate of 0.50% to the Fund's net assets up to $500 million, scaled down to 0.48%
on assets over $500 million. For the fiscal year ended January 31, 1996, the
Fund accrued total compensation to the Manager and the Adviser amounting to
0.75% and 0.50%, respectively, of the Fund's average daily net assets. During
that period, the Fund's expenses amounted to 2.98% of the Fund's average daily
net assets.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The investment objective of the Fund is long-term capital appreciation. This
objective is fundamental and may not be changed without shareholder approval.
There is no assurance that the objective will be achieved.
The Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing under normal
circumstances at least 65% of its total assets in equity securities of Latin
American issuers (as described below). Securities will be selected on the basis
of their potential for capital appreciation based on an evaluation of their
prospects for earnings growth; current dividend income will not be a factor. The
Fund may also invest up to 35% of its total assets under normal circumstances in
Latin American convertible securities, Latin American debt securities (as
described below) of governmental and corporate issuers, denominated in U.S.
dollars or in local currencies, including debt obligations issued or guaranteed
by Latin American governmental entities.
In its investment strategy, the Adviser primarily adopts a top-down
approach, beginning with an evaluation of the country in which the proposed
investment is to be made, including relevant external developments and their
implications. Following the country level of review, investments in specific
securities will be made after completion of a fundamental analysis of
securities, industries and companies by the Adviser, including consideration of
liquidity, market capitalization, a com-
6
<PAGE>
pany's existing and expected future financial position, relative competitive
position in the domestic and export markets, technology, recent developments and
profitability, together with overall growth prospects. Other considerations
include management expertise, government regulation and costs of labor and raw
materials.
For purposes of this Prospectus, equity securities of Latin American issuers
are defined as follows: (a) equity securities of companies organized in a
country in Latin America or for which the principal trading market (the exchange
or over-the-counter market in which the largest portion of the shares of the
company's securities is traded) is located in Latin America, (b) equity
securities of companies that derive at least 50% of their revenues from either
goods produced or services performed in Latin America or sales made in Latin
America, and (c) equity securities in the form of depositary shares listed on
securities exchanges or traded in other regulated markets in the United States.
In addition, the Fund may invest up to 35% of its total assets in debt
securities of Latin American issuers, which consist of: (a) debt securities of
companies organized in a country in Latin America or for which the principal
trading market is located in Latin America, (b) debt securities issued or
guaranteed by the government of a country in Latin America, its agencies or
instrumentalities, or the central bank of such country ("Sovereign Debt"), (c)
debt securities denominated in a Latin American currency issued by companies to
finance operations in Latin America and (d) debt securities of companies that
derive at least 50% of their revenues from either goods produced or services
performed in Latin America or sales made in Latin America. The Fund may consider
investment companies to be located in the country or countries in which they
primarily make their portfolio investments.
The Fund defines Latin America to consist of the following countries:
Argentina, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia,
Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala,
Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, the Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua,
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay and Venezuela.
The Fund's assets will be allocated among the countries in Latin America in
accordance with the Adviser's judgment as to where the best investment
opportunities exist. Currently, except when the Fund has adopted a defensive
position, it will invest its assets among at least three Latin American
countries at all times.
The Fund intends its portfolio of Latin American securities to consist
primarily of equity securities. Latin American equity securities in which the
Fund invests consist predominantly of common stock and preferred stock of
established companies listed on a recognized securities exchange or traded in
other regulated markets, although the Fund may also invest to a limited extent
in convertible securities, warrants and stock rights. For a discussion of the
risks of such securities, see "Risk Considerations" below.
The Fund may invest in securities of Latin American issuers in the form of
American Depository Receipts ("ADRs") or other similar securities, such as
American Depository Shares and Global Depository Shares, convertible into
securities of foreign issuers. These securities may not necessarily be
denominated in the same currency as the securities into which they may be
converted. ADRs are receipts typically issued by a United States bank or trust
company evidencing ownership of the underlying securities. Generally, ADRs, in
registered form, are designed for use in United States securities markets. As a
result of the absence of established securities markets and publicly-owned
corporations in certain Latin American countries, as well as restrictions on
direct investment by foreign entities, the Fund may be able to invest in such
countries solely or primarily through ADRs or similar securities and government
approved investment vehicles. For example, due to Chile's current investment
restrictions (in most cases capital invested directly in Chile cannot be
repatriated for at least one year), the Fund's investments in Chile primarily
will be through investment in ADRs and established Chilean investment companies
not subject to repatriation restrictions.
The governments of some Latin American countries, to varying degrees, have
been engaged in programs of selling part or all of their stakes in
government-owned or government-controlled enterprises
7
<PAGE>
("privatizations"). The Adviser believes that privatizations may offer investors
opportunities for significant capital appreciation and invests assets of the
Fund in privatizations in appropriate circumstances. In certain Latin American
countries, the ability of foreign persons, such as the Fund, to participate in
privatizations may be limited by local law, or the terms on which the Fund may
be permitted to participate may be less advantageous than those for local
investors. There can be no assurance that privatization programs will continue
or be successful.
INVESTMENTS IN DEBT AND CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES. As stated above, the Fund
may invest up to 35% of its total assets in Latin American convertible
securities and debt securities of governmental and corporate issuers,
denominated in U.S. dollars or local currencies. The Fund may seek capital
appreciation through investment in debt securities, such as may occur through
favorable changes in relative foreign exchange rates, in relative interest rate
levels or in creditworthiness of issuers. The Fund may also invest in debt
securities on a limited basis in order to participate in debt-to-equity
conversion programs sponsored by certain Latin American countries, or in order
to participate in corporate reorganizations. Latin American debt securities that
the Fund may acquire include bonds, notes and debentures of any maturity of
Latin American governments, obligations of such governments' agencies,
instrumentalities and central banks and of banks and other companies of Latin
American countries, determined by the Adviser to be suitable investments for the
Fund. In addition to the specific risks regarding Latin American securities and
lower rated debt securities described below, in general the value of debt
securities tends to increase during periods of declining interest rates and
decrease during periods of rising interest rates.
A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred stock or other
security that may be converted into or exchanged for a prescribed amount of
common stock of the same or a different issuer within a particular period of
time at a specified price or formula. Convertible securities rank senior to
common stocks in a corporation's capital structure and, therefore, entail less
risk than the corporation's common stock. The value of a convertible security is
a function of its "investment value" (its value as if it did not have a
conversion privilege), and its "conversion value" (the security's worth if it
were to be exchanged for the underlying security, at market value, pursuant to
its conversion privilege).
There is no limitation other than the overall 35% limitation described above
on the percentage of the Fund's total assets which may be invested in
convertible securities and debt securities below investment grade. Most debt
securities in which the Fund invests are not rated; when rated, such ratings
will generally be below investment grade. Securities below investment grade are
the equivalent of high yield, high risk bonds, commonly known as "junk bonds."
Investment grade is generally considered to be debt securities rated BBB or
higher by Standard & Poor's Corporation ("S&P") or Baa or higher by Moody's
Investors Service, Inc. ("Moody's"). However, the Fund will not invest in debt
securities that are in default in payment of principal or interest. A
description of fixed-income securities ratings is contained in the Appendix to
the Statement of Additional Information. For a discussion of the risks of
convertible and lower rated debt securities, see "Risk Considerations" below.
Certain Latin American countries are among the largest debtors to commercial
banks and foreign governments. Trading in Sovereign Debt involves a high degree
of risk, since the governmental entity that controls the repayment of Sovereign
Debt may not be willing or able to repay the principal and/or interest of such
debt obligations when it becomes due, due to factors such as debt service
burden, political constraints, cash flow situation and other national economic
factors. As a result, Latin American governments may default on their Sovereign
Debt, which may require holders of such Sovereign Debt to participate in debt
rescheduling or additional lending to defaulting governments. There is no
bankruptcy proceeding by which defaulted Sovereign Debt may be collected in
whole or in part.
The Fund may invest in a particular type of Latin American debt security
known as "Brady Bonds", which were issued under the "Brady Plan" in exchange for
loans and cash in connection with restructurings in various Latin American
external debt markets in 1990. Brady Bonds are issued in various currencies,
primarily
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the U.S. dollar, and are actively traded in the over-the-counter secondary
market for Latin American debt. In the case of U.S. dollar denominated
collateralized Brady Bonds, the bonds are collateralized in full as to principal
by U.S. Treasury zero coupon bonds of the same maturity. In addition, at least
one year of rolling interest payments are collateralized by cash or other
investments.
The Adviser attempts to minimize the speculative risks associated with
investments in lower rated securities through credit analysis, and by carefully
monitoring current trends in interest rates, political developments and other
factors. Nonetheless, investors should carefully review the investment objective
and policies of the Fund and consider their ability to assume the investment
risks involved before making an investment.
INVESTMENT IN OTHER INVESTMENT VEHICLES. Under the Investment Company Act
of 1940, as amended (the "Investment Company Act"), the Fund generally may
invest up to 10% of its total assets in the aggregate in shares of other
investment companies and up to 3% of its total assets in any one investment
company, as long as that investment does not represent more than 5% of the
voting stock of the acquired investment company at the time such shares are
purchased. As stated above, investment in other investment companies or vehicles
may be the sole or most practical means by which the Fund can participate in
certain Latin American securities markets. Such investment may involve the
payment of substantial premiums above the value of such issuers' portfolio
securities, and is subject to the limitations described above and market
availability. There can be no assurance that vehicles or funds for investing in
certain Latin American countries will be available for investment. In addition,
special tax considerations may apply. The Fund does not intend to invest in such
vehicles or funds unless, in the judgment of the Adviser, the potential benefits
of such investment justify the payment of any applicable premium or sales
charge. As a shareholder in an investment company, the Fund would bear its
ratable share of that investment company's expenses, including its advisory and
administration fees. At the same time the Fund would continue to pay its own
management and advisory fees and other expenses, as a result of which the Fund
and its shareholders in effect will be absorbing duplicate levels of advisory
fees with respect to investments in such other investment companies.
RISK CONSIDERATIONS
The net asset value of the Fund's shares will fluctuate with changes in the
market value of the Fund's securities. The market value of the Fund's portfolio
securities will increase or decrease due to a variety of economic, market and
political factors which cannot be predicted.
FOREIGN SECURITIES. Investors should carefully consider the risks of
investing in securities of foreign issuers and securities denominated in
non-U.S. currencies. Fluctuations in the relative rates of exchange between the
currencies of different nations will affect the value of the Fund's investments.
Changes in foreign currency exchange rates relative to the U.S. dollar will
affect the U.S. dollar value of the Fund's assets denominated in that currency
and thereby impact upon the Fund's total return on such assets. See the
Statement of Additional Information for a discussion of additional risk factors.
Foreign currency exchange rates are determined by forces of supply and
demand on the foreign exchange markets. These forces are themselves affected by
the international balance of payments and other economic and financial
conditions, government intervention, speculation and other factors. Moreover,
foreign currency exchange rates may be affected by the regulatory control of the
exchanges on which the currencies trade.
In addition, many of the currencies of Latin American countries have
experienced steady devaluations relative to the U.S. dollar, and major
devaluations have historically occurred in certain countries. Any devaluations
in the currencies in which the Fund's portfolio securities are denominated may
have a detrimental impact on the Fund.
Some Latin American countries also may have managed currencies which are not
free floating against the U.S. dollar. In addition, there is a risk that certain
Latin American countries may restrict the free conversion of their currencies
into other currencies. Further, certain Latin American currencies may not be
internationally traded.
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Investments in foreign securities will also occasion risks relating to
political and economic developments abroad, including the possibility of
expropriations or confiscatory taxation, limitations on the use or transfer of
Fund assets and any effects of foreign social, economic or political
instability. Political and economic developments in Latin America may have
profound effects upon the value of the Fund's portfolio. In the event of
expropriation, nationalization or other complication, the Fund could lose its
entire investment in any one country. In addition, individual Latin American
countries may place restrictions on the ability of foreign entities such as the
Fund to invest in particular segments of the local economies.
Latin American companies are not subject to the regulatory requirements of
U.S. companies and, as such, there may be less publicly available information
about such companies. Moreover, Latin American companies are not subject to
uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements
comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies. Also, certain Latin American
countries may impose unusually high withholding taxes on dividends payable to
the Fund, thereby effectively reducing the Fund's investment income.
The securities markets of Latin American countries are substantially
smaller, less developed, less liquid and more volatile than the major securities
markets in the United States. The limited size of many Latin American securities
markets and limited trading volume in issuers compared to volume of trading in
U.S. securities could cause prices to be erratic for reasons apart from factors
that affect the quality of the securities. For example, limited market size may
cause prices to be unduly influenced by traders who control large positions.
Adverse publicity and investors' perceptions, whether or not based on
fundamental analysis, may decrease the value and liquidity of portfolio
securities, especially in these markets.
In addition, Latin American exchanges and broker-dealers are generally
subject to less government and exchange scrutiny and regulation than their
American counterparts. Brokerage commissions, dealer concessions, custodial
expenses and other transaction costs may be higher in foreign markets than in
the U.S. Thus, the Fund's operating expenses are expected to be higher than
those of investment companies investing primarily in domestic or other more
established market regions. Also, differences in clearance and settlement
procedures on foreign markets may occasion delays in settlements of Fund trades
effected in such markets. Inability to dispose of portfolio securities due to
settlement delays could result in losses to the Fund due to subsequent declines
in value of such securities and the inability of the Fund to make intended
security purchases due to settlement problems could result in a failure of the
Fund to make potentially advantageous investments. In addition, certain adverse
tax consequences of the Fund's investments in passive foreign investment
companies are discussed below under "Dividends, Distributions and Taxes."
Certain Latin American countries are among the largest debtors to commercial
banks and foreign governments. At times certain Latin American countries have
declared moratoria on the payment of principal and/or interest on external debt.
Most Latin American countries have experienced substantial, and in some
periods extremely high, rates of inflation for many years. Inflation and rapid
fluctuations in inflation rates have had and may continue to have very negative
effects on the economies and securities markets of certain Latin American
countries.
The Fund may not invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid
securities. The Fund will treat any Latin American securities that are subject
to restrictions on repatriation for more than seven days, as well as any
securities issued in connection with Latin American debt conversion programs
that are restricted as to remittance of invested capital or profits, as illiquid
securities for purposes of this limitation. The Fund will also treat repurchase
agreements with maturities in excess of seven days as illiquid for this purpose.
DEBT SECURITIES. Because of the special nature of the Fund's permitted
investments in lower rated convertible and debt securities, the Adviser must
take account of certain special considerations in assessing the risks associated
with such investments. The prices of lower rated securities have been found to
be less sensitive to changes in prevailing interest rates than
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higher rated investments, but are likely to be more sensitive to adverse
economic changes or individual corporate developments. During an economic
downturn or substantial period of rising interest rates, highly leveraged
issuers may experience financial stress which would adversely affect their
ability to service their principal and interest payment obligations, to meet
their projected business goals or to obtain additional financing. If the issuer
of a fixed-income security owned by the Fund defaults, the Fund may incur
additional expenses to seek recovery. In addition, periods of economic
uncertainty and change can be expected to result in an increased volatility of
market prices of lower rated securities and a corresponding volatility in the
net asset value of a share of the Fund.
The risks of other investment techniques which may be utilized by the Fund
are described under "Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts," "Options and
Futures Transactions" and "Other Investment Policies" below.
FORWARD FOREIGN CURRENCY EXCHANGE CONTRACTS
To hedge against adverse price movements in the securities held in its
portfolio and the currencies in which they are denominated (as well as in the
securities it might wish to purchase and their denominated currencies) the Fund
may engage in transactions in forward foreign currency contracts.
A forward foreign currency exchange contract ("forward contract") involves
an obligation to purchase or sell a currency at a future date, which may be any
fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties,
at a price set at the time of the contract. The Fund may enter into forward
contracts as a hedge against fluctuations in future foreign exchange rates.
Currently, only a limited market, if any, exists for hedging transactions
relating to currencies in most Latin American markets or to securities of
issuers domiciled or principally engaged in business in Latin American markets.
This may limit the Fund's ability to effectively hedge its investments in Latin
American markets. Hedging against a decline in the value of a currency does not
eliminate fluctuations in the prices of portfolio securities or prevent losses
if the prices of such securities decline. Such transactions also limit the
opportunity for gain if the value of the hedged currencies should rise. In
addition, it may not be possible for the Fund to hedge against a devaluation
that is so generally anticipated that the Fund is not able to contract to sell
the currency at a price above the devaluation level it anticipates.
If the Fund enters into forward contract transactions and the currency in
which the Fund's portfolio securities (or anticipated portfolio securities) are
denominated rises in value with respect to the currency which is being purchased
(or sold), then the Fund will have realized fewer gains than had the Fund not
entered into the forward contracts. Moreover, the precise matching of the
forward contract amounts and the value of the securities involved will not
generally be possible, since the future value of such securities in foreign
currencies will change as a consequence of market movements in the value of
those securities between the date the forward contract is entered into and the
date it matures. The Fund is not required to enter into such transactions with
regard to its foreign currency-denominated securities and will not do so unless
deemed appropriate by the Adviser.
OPTIONS AND FUTURES TRANSACTIONS
The Fund may purchase and sell (write) call and put options on portfolio
securities which are denominated in either U.S. dollars or Latin American
currencies and on the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies, which are or may in
the future be listed on several U.S. and foreign securities exchanges or are
written in over-the-counter transactions ("OTC options"). OTC options are
purchased from or sold (written) to dealers or financial institutions which have
entered into direct agreements with the Fund.
The Fund is permitted to write covered call options on portfolio securities
and the U.S. dollar and Latin American currencies, without limit, in order to
hedge against the decline in the value of a security or currency in which such
security is denominated and to close out long call option positions. The Fund
may write covered put options, under which the Fund incurs an obligation to buy
the security (or currency) underlying the option from the purchaser of the put
at the option's exercise price at any time during the option
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period, at the purchaser's election. The aggregate value
of the obligation underlying the puts determined as of the date the options are
sold will not exceed 50% of the Fund's net assets.
The Fund may purchase listed and OTC call and put options in amounts
equalling up to 5% of its total assets. The Fund may purchase call options to
close out a covered call position or to protect against an increase in the price
of a security it anticipates purchasing or, in the case of call options on a
foreign currency, to hedge against an adverse exchange rate change of the
currency in which the security it anticipates purchasing is denominated
vis-a-vis the currency in which the exercise price is denominated. The Fund may
purchase put options on securities which it holds in its portfolio only to
protect itself against a decline in the value of the security. The Fund may also
purchase put options to close out written put positions in a manner similar to
call option closing purchase transactions. There are no other limits on the
Fund's ability to purchase call and put options.
The Fund may purchase and sell futures contracts that are currently traded,
or may in the future be traded, on U.S. and foreign commodity exchanges on
underlying portfolio securities, on any of the Latin American currencies
("currency" futures), on U.S. and Latin American fixed-income securities
("interest rate" futures) and on such indexes of U.S. or Latin American equity
or fixed-income securities as may exist or come into being ("index" futures).
The Fund may purchase or sell interest rate futures contracts for the purpose of
hedging some or all of the value of its portfolio securities (or anticipated
portfolio securities) against changes in prevailing interest rates. The Fund may
purchase or sell index futures contracts for the purpose of hedging some or all
of its portfolio (or anticipated portfolio) securities against changes in their
prices (or the currency in which they are denominated.) As stated above,
currently only a limited market exists for options and futures transactions
relating to Latin America currencies or issuers. As a futures contract
purchaser, the Fund incurs an obligation to take delivery of a specified amount
of the obligation underlying the contract at a specified time in the future for
a specified price. As a seller of a futures contract, the Fund incurs an
obligation to deliver the specified amount of the underlying obligation at a
specified time in return for an agreed upon price.
The Fund also may purchase and write call and put options on futures
contracts which are traded on an exchange and enter into closing transactions
with respect to such options to terminate an existing
position.
New futures contracts, options and other financial products and various
combinations thereof continue to be developed. The Fund may invest in any such
futures, options or products as may be developed, to the extent consistent with
its investment objective and applicable regulatory requirements.
RISKS OF OPTIONS AND FUTURES TRANSACTIONS. The Fund may close out its
position as writer of an option, or as a buyer or seller of a futures contract,
only if a liquid secondary market exists for options or futures contracts of
that series. There is no assurance that such a market will exist, particularly
in the case of OTC options, as such options may generally only be closed out by
entering into a closing purchase transaction with the purchasing dealer. Also,
exchanges may limit the amount by which the price of many futures contracts may
move on any day. If the price moves equal the daily limit on successive days,
then it may prove impossible to liquidate a futures position until the daily
limit moves have ceased.
While the futures contracts and options transactions to be engaged in by the
Fund for the purpose of hedging the Fund's portfolio securities are not
speculative in nature, there are risks inherent in the use of such instruments.
One such risk is that the Adviser could be incorrect in its expectations as to
the direction or extent of various interest rate or price movements or the time
span within which the movements take place. For example, if the Fund sold
futures contracts for the sale of securities in anticipation of an increase in
interest rates, and then interest rates went down instead, causing bond prices
to rise, the Fund would lose money on the sale. Another risk which will arise in
employing futures contracts to protect against the price volatility of portfolio
securities is that the prices of securities, currencies and indexes subject to
futures contracts (and
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thereby the futures contract prices) may correlate imperfectly with the behavior
of the U.S. dollar cash prices of the Fund's portfolio securities and their
denominated currencies. See the Statement of Additional Information for a
further discussion of risks.
OTHER INVESTMENT POLICIES
While the Fund will invest primarily in equity securities of Latin American
issuers, under ordinary circumstances it may invest up to 35% of its total
assets in (i) debt securities of Latin American issuers, as described above, and
(ii) U.S. money market instruments, which are short-term (maturities of up to
thirteen months) fixed-income securities issued by private and governmental
institutions. Money market instruments in which the Fund may invest are
securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies (Treasury
bills, notes and bonds); obligations of banks subject to regulation by the U.S.
Government and having total assets of $1 billion or more; Eurodollar
certificates of deposit; obligations of savings banks and savings and loan
associations having total assets of $1 billion or more; fully insured
certificates of deposit; and commercial paper rated within the two highest
grades by Moody's or S&P or, if not rated, issued by a company having an
outstanding debt issue rated AAA by S&P or Aaa by Moody's.
There may be periods during which, in the opinion of the Adviser, market
conditions warrant reduction of some or all of the Fund's securities holdings.
During such periods, the Fund may adopt a temporary "defensive" posture in which
greater than 35% of its total assets is invested in money market instruments or
cash.
The Fund is classified as a non-diversified investment company under the
Investment Company Act, and as such is not limited by the Investment Company Act
in the proportion of its assets that it may invest in the obligations of a
single issuer. However, the Fund intends to conduct its operations so as to
qualify as a "regulated investment company" under Subchapter M of the Internal
Revenue Code. See "Dividends, Distributions and Taxes." In order to qualify,
among other requirements, the Fund will limit its investments so that at the
close of each quarter of the taxable year, (i) not more than 25% of the market
value of the Fund's total assets will be invested in the securities of a single
issuer, and (ii) with respect to 50% of the market value of its total assets not
more than 5% will be invested in the securities of a single issuer and the Fund
will not own more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of a single
issuer. To the extent that a relatively high percentage of the Fund's assets may
be invested in the obligations of a limited number of issuers, the Fund's
portfolio securities may be more susceptible to any single economic, political
or regulatory occurrence than the portfolio securities of a diversified
investment company. The limitations described in this paragraph are not
fundamental policies and may be revised to the extent applicable Federal income
tax requirements are revised.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS. The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements, which
may be viewed as a type of secured lending by the Fund, and which typically
involve the acquisition by the Fund of debt securities from a selling financial
institution such as a bank, savings and loan association or broker-dealer. The
agreement provides that the Fund will sell back to the institution, and that the
institution will repurchase, the underlying security at a specified price and at
a fixed time in the future, usually not more than seven days from the date of
purchase. While repurchase agreements involve certain risks not associated with
direct investments in debt securities, including the risks of default or
bankruptcy of the selling financial institution, the Fund follows procedures
designed to minimize those risks. These procedures include effecting repurchase
transactions only with large, well-capitalized and well-established financial
institutions and maintaining adequate collateralization.
WHEN-ISSUED AND DELAYED DELIVERY SECURITIES AND FORWARD COMMITMENTS. From
time to time, in the ordinary course of business, the Fund may purchase
securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis or may purchase or sell
securities on a forward commitment basis. When such transactions are negotiated,
the price is fixed at the time of the commitment, but delivery and payment can
take place a month or more after the date of the commitment. There is no overall
limit on the percentage of the Fund's assets which may be committed to the
purchase of securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment
basis. An
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increase in the percentage of the Fund's assets committed to the purchase of
securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis may
increase the volatility of the Fund's net asset value.
WHEN, AS AND IF ISSUED SECURITIES. The Fund may purchase securities on a
"when, as and if issued" basis under which the issuance of the security depends
upon the occurrence of a subsequent event, such as approval of a merger,
corporate reorganization, leveraged buyout or debt restructuring. If the
anticipated event does not occur and the securities are not issued, the Fund
will have lost an investment opportunity. There is no overall limit on the
percentage of the Fund's assets which may be committed to the purchase of
securities on a "when, as and if issued" basis. An increase in the percentage of
the Fund's assets committed to the purchase of securities on a "when, as and if
issued" basis may increase the volatility of its net asset value.
ZERO COUPON SECURITIES. A portion of the fixed-income securities purchased
by the Fund may be zero coupon securities. Such securities are purchased at a
discount from their face amount, giving the purchaser the right to receive their
full value at maturity. The interest earned on such securities is, implicitly,
automatically compounded and paid out at maturity. While such compounding at a
constant rate eliminates the risk of receiving lower yields upon reinvestment of
interest if prevailing interest rates decline, the owner of a zero coupon
security will be unable to participate in higher yields upon reinvestment of
interest received on interest-paying securities if prevailing interest rates
rise.
A zero coupon security pays no interest to its holder during its life.
Therefore, to the extent the Fund invests in zero coupon securities, it will not
receive current cash available for distribution to shareholders. In addition,
zero coupon securities are subject to substantially greater price fluctuations
during periods of changing prevailing interest rates than are comparable
securities which pay interest on a current basis. Current federal tax law
requires that a holder (such as the Fund) of a zero coupon security accrue a
portion of the discount at which the security was purchased as income each year
even though the Fund receives no interest payments in cash on the security
during the year.
PRIVATE PLACEMENTS. The Fund may invest up to 5% of its total assets in
securities which are subject to restrictions on resale because they have not
been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities
Act"), or which are otherwise not readily marketable. (Securities eligible for
resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and determined to be
liquid pursuant to the procedures discussed in the following paragraph, are not
subject to the foregoing restriction.) These securities are generally referred
to as private placements or restricted securities. Limitations on the resale of
such securities may have an adverse effect on their marketability, and may
prevent the Fund from disposing of them promptly at reasonable prices. The Fund
may have to bear the expense of registering such securities for resale and the
risk of substantial delays in effecting such registration.
The Securities and Exchange Commission has adopted Rule 144A under the
Securities Act, which permits the Fund to sell restricted securities to
qualified institutional buyers without limitation. The Adviser, pursuant to
procedures adopted by the Trustees of the Fund, will make a determination as to
the liquidity of each restricted security purchased by the Fund. If a restricted
security is determined to be "liquid," such security will not be included within
the category "illiquid securities," which under current policy may not exceed
15% of the Fund's net assets.
PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
The Fund's portfolio is actively managed by its Adviser with a view to
achieving the Fund's investment objective. Michael P. Reilly, Senior Vice
President of the Adviser, is the primary portfolio manager of the Fund. Mr.
Reilly has been a primary portfolio manager of the Fund since December, 1994,
and has been a portfolio manager with affiliates of TCW since June, 1992, prior
to which he was Vice President of Security Pacific Bank.
In determining which securities to purchase for the Fund or hold in the
Fund's portfolio, the Adviser will rely on information from various sources,
including research, analysis and appraisals of brokers and dealers, including
Dean Witter Reynolds Inc. ("DWR"), a broker-dealer affiliate of the Manager, and
others regarding economic developments and interest
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rate trends, and the Adviser's own analysis of factors it deems relevant.
Orders for transactions in portfolio securities and commodities are placed
for the Fund with a number of brokers and dealers, including DWR. The Fund may
incur brokerage commissions on transactions conducted through DWR. Under normal
circumstances it is not anticipated that the portfolio trading will result in
the Fund's portfolio turnover rate exceeding 150% in any one year. The Fund will
incur brokerage costs commensurate with its portfolio turnover rate and thus a
higher level (over 100%) of portfolio transactions will increase the Fund's
overall brokerage expenses. See "Dividends, Distributions and Taxes" for a
discussion of the tax implications of the Fund's trading policy.
Except as specifically noted, all investment policies and practices
discussed above are not fundamental policies of the Fund and, as such, may be
changed without shareholder approval.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The investment restrictions listed below are among the restrictions which
have been adopted by the Fund as fundamental policies. Under the Investment
Company Act, a fundamental policy may not be changed without the vote of a
majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, as defined in the
Investment Company Act. For purposes of the following limitations: (i) all
percentage limitations apply immediately after a purchase or initial investment,
and (ii) any subsequent change in any applicable percentage resulting from
market fluctuations or other changes in total or net assets does not require
elimination of any security from the portfolio.
The Fund may not:
1. Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in securities of
issuers in any one industry. This restriction does not apply to obligations
issued or guaranteed by the United States Government, its agencies or
instrumentalities.
2. Invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in securities of
issuers having a record, together with predecessors, of less than three
years of continuous operation. This restriction does not apply to
obligations issued or guaranteed by the United States Government, its
agencies or instrumentalities.
In addition, as a non-fundamental policy, the Fund may not, as to 75% of its
total assets, purchase more than 10% of the voting securities of any issuer.
PURCHASE OF FUND SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Fund offers its shares for sale to the public on a continuous basis.
Shares of the Fund are distributed by Dean Witter Distributors Inc. (the
"Distributor"), an affiliate of the Manager, pursuant to a Distribution
Agreement between the Fund and the Distributor and offered by DWR and other
dealers (which may include TCW Brokerage Services, an affiliate of the Adviser)
which have entered into selected dealer agreements with the Distributor
("Selected Broker-Dealers"). The principal executive office of the Distributor
is located at Two World Trade Center, New York, New York 10048.
The minimum initial purchase is $1,000 and subsequent purchases of $100 or
more may be made by sending a check, payable to TCW/DW Latin American Growth
Fund, directly to Dean Witter Trust Company (the "Transfer Agent") at P.O. Box
1040, Jersey City, NJ 07303, by contacting an account executive of DWR or other
Selected Broker-Dealer. The minimum initial purchase, in the case of investments
through EasyInvest, an automatic purchase plan (see "Shareholder Services"), is
$100, provided that the schedule of automatic investments will result in
investments totalling at
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least $1,000 within the first twelve months. In the case of investments pursuant
to Systematic Payroll Deduction Plans (including Individual Retirement Plans),
the Fund, in its discretion, may accept investments without regard to any
minimum amounts which would otherwise be required if the Fund has reason to
believe that additional investments will increase the investment in all accounts
under such Plans to at least $1,000. Certificates for shares purchased will not
be issued unless a request is made by the shareholder in writing to the Transfer
Agent.
Shares of the Fund are sold through the Distributor on a normal three
business day settlement basis; that is, payment is due on the third business day
(settlement date) after the order is placed with the Distributor. Since DWR and
other Selected Broker-Dealers forward investors' funds on settlement date, they
will benefit from the temporary use of the funds if payment is made prior
thereto. As noted above, orders placed directly with the Transfer Agent must be
accompanied by payment. Investors will be entitled to receive income dividends
and capital gains distributions if their order is received by the close of
business on the day prior to the record date for such dividends and
distributions.
The offering price will be the net asset value per share next determined
following receipt of an order (see "Determination of Net Asset Value"). While no
sales charge is imposed at the time shares are purchased, a contingent deferred
sales charge may be imposed at the time of redemption (see "Repurchases and
Redemptions"). Sales personnel of a Selected Broker-Dealer are compensated for
selling shares of the Fund at the time of their sale by the Distributor or any
of its affiliates and/or the Selected Broker-Dealer. In addition, some sales
personnel of the Selected Broker-Dealer will receive various types of non-cash
compensation as special sales incentives, including trips, educational and/or
business seminars and merchandise. The Fund and the Distributor reserve the
right to reject any purchase orders.
The Fund in the future may suspend the offering of its shares from time to
time as may be consistent with prudent portfolio management. Automatic
reinvestment of dividends and distributions will not be affected by any
suspension by the Fund of offering its shares.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
The Fund has adopted a Plan of Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the
Investment Company Act (the "Plan"), under which the Fund pays the Distributor a
fee, which is accrued daily and payable monthly, at an annual rate of 1% of the
lesser of: (a) the average daily aggregate gross sales of the Fund's shares
since the inception of the Fund (not including reinvestments of dividends or
capital gains distributions), less the average daily aggregate net asset value
of the Fund's shares redeemed since the Fund's inception upon which a contingent
deferred sales charge has been imposed or waived; or (b) the Fund's average
daily net assets. This fee is treated by the Fund as an expense in the year it
is accrued. A portion of the fee payable pursuant to the Plan, equal to 0.25% of
the Fund's average daily net assets, is characterized as a service fee within
the meaning of NASD guidelines. The service fee is a payment made for personal
service and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts.
Amounts paid under the Plan are paid to the Distributor to compensate it for
the services provided and the expenses borne by the Distributor and others in
the distribution of the Fund's shares, including the payment of commissions for
sales of the Fund's shares and incentive compensation to and expenses of DWR
account executives and others who engage in or support distribution of shares or
who service shareholder accounts, including overhead and telephone expenses;
printing and distribution of prospectuses and reports used in connection with
the offering of the Fund's shares to other than current shareholders; and
preparation, printing and distribution of sales literature and advertising
materials. In addition, the Distributor may utilize fees paid pursuant to the
Plan to compensate DWR and other Selected Broker-Dealers for their opportunity
costs in advancing such amounts, which compensation would be in the form of a
carrying charge on any unreimbursed distribution expenses.
For the fiscal year ended January 31, 1996, the Fund accrued payments under
the Plan amounting to $2,580,274, which amount is equal to 1.00% of the Fund's
average daily net assets for the fiscal year. The payments accrued under the
Plan were calculated pur-
16
<PAGE>
suant to clause (b) of the compensation formula under the Plan.
At any given time, the expenses in distributing shares of the Fund may be in
excess of the total of (i) the payments made by the Fund pursuant to the Plan,
and (ii) the proceeds of contingent deferred sales charges paid by investors
upon the redemption of shares [(see "Repurchases and Redemptions -- Contingent
Deferred Sales Charge"). For example, if $1 million in expenses in distributing
shares of the Fund had been incurred and $750,000 had been received as described
in (i) and (ii) above, the excess expense would amount to $250,000. The
Distributor has advised the Fund that the excess distribution expenses
(including the carrying charge described above) totalled $20,668,556 at January
31, 1996, which was equal to 7.92% of the Fund's net assets on such date.
Because there is no requirement under the Plan that the Distributor be
reimbursed for all distribution expenses or any requirement that the Plan be
continued from year to year, such excess amount, if any, does not constitute a
liability of the Fund. Although there is no legal obligation for the Fund to pay
expenses incurred in excess of payments made to the Distributor under the Plan
and the proceeds of contingent deferred sales charges paid by investors upon
redemption of shares, if for any reason the Plan is terminated, the Trustees
will consider at the time the manner in which to treat such expenses. Any
cumulative expenses incurred, but not yet recovered through distribution fees or
contingent deferred sales charges, may or may not be recovered through future
distribution fees or contingent deferred sales charges.
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value per share of the Fund is determined once daily at 4:00
p.m., New York time (or, on days when the New York Stock Exchange closes prior
to 4:00 p.m., at such earlier time), on each day that the New York Stock
Exchange is open by taking the value of all assets of the Fund, subtracting all
its liabilities, dividing by the number of shares outstanding and adjusting to
the nearest cent. The net asset value per share will not be determined on Good
Friday and on such other federal and non-federal holidays as are observed by the
New York Stock Exchange.
In the calculation of the Fund's net asset value: (1) an equity portfolio
security listed or traded on the New York or American Stock Exchange or other
domestic or foreign stock exchange or quoted by NASDAQ is valued at its latest
sale price on that exchange or quotation service prior to the time when assets
are valued; if there were no sales that day, the security, is valued at the
latest bid price (in cases where securities are traded on more than one
exchange, the securities are valued on the exchange designated as the primary
market pursuant to procedures adopted by the Trustees); and (2) all other
portfolio securities for which over-the-counter market quotations are readily
available are valued at the latest available bid price prior to the time of
valuation. When market quotations are not readily available, including
circumstances under which it is determined by the Adviser that sale or bid
prices are not reflective of a security's market value, portfolio securities are
valued at their fair value as determined in good faith under procedures
established by and under the general supervision of the Fund's Trustees. For
valuation purposes, quotations of foreign portfolio securities, other assets and
liabilities and forward contracts stated in foreign currency are translated into
U.S. dollar equivalents at the prevailing market rates prior to the close of the
New York Stock Exchange. Dividends receivable are accrued as of the ex-dividend
date or as of the time that the relevant ex-dividend date and amounts become
known.
Short-term debt securities with remaining maturities of 60 days or less at
the time of purchase are valued at amortized cost, unless the Trustees determine
such does not reflect the securities' market value, in which case these
securities will be valued at their fair value as determined by the Trustees.
Certain of the Fund's portfolio securities may be valued by an outside
pricing service approved by the Fund's Trustees. The pricing service utilizes a
matrix system incorporating security quality, maturity and coupon as the
evaluation model parameters, and/or research and evaluations by its staff,
including review of broker-dealer market price quotations, in determining what
it believes is the fair valuation of the portfolio securities valued by such
pricing service.
17
<PAGE>
SHAREHOLDER SERVICES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AUTOMATIC INVESTMENT OF DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS. All income dividends
and capital gains distributions are automatically paid in full and fractional
shares of the Fund (or, if specified by the shareholder, any other TCW/DW Fund),
unless the shareholder requests that they be paid in cash. Shares so acquired
are not subject to the imposition of a contingent deferred sales charge upon
their redemption (see "Repurchases and Redemptions").
INVESTMENT OF DIVIDENDS OR DISTRIBUTIONS RECEIVED IN CASH. Any shareholder
who receives a cash payment representing a dividend or capital gains
distribution may invest such dividend or distribution at the net asset value per
share next determined after receipt by the Transfer Agent, by returning the
check or the proceeds to the Transfer Agent within 30 days after the payment
date. Shares so acquired are not subject to the imposition of a contingent
deferred sales charge upon their redemption (see "Repurchases and Redemptions").
EASYINVEST-SM-. Shareholders may subscribe to EasyInvest, an automatic
purchase plan which provides for any amount from $100 to $5,000 to be
transferred automatically from a checking or savings account, on a semi-monthly,
monthly or quarterly basis, to the Transfer Agent for investment in shares of
the Fund. EasyInvest is available during any period when the Fund is offering
its shares (see "Purchase of Fund Shares" and "Repurchases and Redemptions --
Involuntary Redemption").
SYSTEMATIC WITHDRAWAL PLAN. A systematic withdrawal plan (the "Withdrawal
Plan") is available for shareholders who own or purchase shares of the Fund
having a minimum value of $10,000 based upon the then current net asset value.
The Withdrawal Plan provides for monthly or quarterly (March, June, September
and December) checks in any dollar amount, not less than $25, or in any whole
percentage of the account balance, on an annualized basis. Any applicable
contingent deferred sales charge will be imposed on shares redeemed under the
Withdrawal Plan (See "Repurchases and Redemptions -- Contingent Deferred Sales
Charge"). Therefore, any shareholder participating in the Withdrawal Plan will
have sufficient shares redeemed from his or her account so that the proceeds
(net of any applicable contingent deferred sales charge) to the shareholder will
be the designated monthly or quarterly amount.
Shareholders should contact their DWR or other Selected Broker-Dealer
account executive or the Transfer Agent for information about any of the above
services.
TAX SHELTERED RETIREMENT PLANS. Retirement plans are available for use by
corporations, the self-employed, Individual Retirement Accounts and Custodial
Accounts under Section 403(b)(7) of the Internal Revenue Code. Adoption of such
plans should be on advice of legal counsel or tax adviser.
For further information regarding plan administration, custodial fees and
other details, investors should contact their account executive or the Transfer
Agent.
EXCHANGE PRIVILEGE
The Fund makes available to its shareholders an "Exchange Privilege"
allowing the exchange of shares of the Fund for shares of any other TCW/DW Fund
sold with a contingent deferred sales charge ("CDSC Funds"), for shares of
TCW/DW North American Government Income Trust, TCW/DW Income and Growth Fund,
TCW/DW Balanced Fund and for shares of five money market funds for which
InterCapital serves as investment manager: Dean Witter Liquid Asset Fund Inc.,
Dean Witter U.S. Government Money Market Trust, Dean Witter Tax-Free Daily
Income Trust, Dean Witter California Tax-Free Daily Income Trust and Dean Witter
New York Municipal Money Market Trust (the foregoing eight non-CDSC funds are
hereinafter collectively referred to as the "Exchange Funds"). Exchanges may be
made after the shares of the Fund acquired by purchase (not by exchange or
dividend reinvestment) have been held for thirty days. There is no waiting
period for exchanges of shares acquired by exchange or dividend reinvestment.
Shareholders utilizing the Fund's Exchange Privilege may subsequently
re-exchange such shares back to
18
<PAGE>
the Fund during any period when the Fund is offering its shares. However, no
exchange privilege is available between the Fund and any other fund managed by
the Manager or InterCapital, other than other TCW/DW Funds and the five money
market funds listed above.
An exchange to another CDSC Fund or to an Exchange Fund that is not a money
market fund is on the basis of the next calculated net asset value per share of
each fund after the exchange order is received. When exchanging into a money
market fund from the Fund or any other CDSC Fund, shares of the Fund are
redeemed out of the Fund at their next calculated net asset value and the
proceeds of the redemption are used to purchase shares of the money market fund
at their net asset value determined the following business day. Subsequent
exchanges between any of the money market funds and any TCW/DW Fund can be
effected on the same basis. No contingent deferred sales charge ("CDSC") is
imposed at the time of any exchange, although any applicable CDSC will be
imposed upon ultimate redemption. During the period of time the shareholder
remains in the Exchange Fund (calculated from the last day of the month in which
the Exchange Fund shares were acquired), the holding period (for the purpose of
determining the rate of the CDSC) is frozen. If those shares are subsequently
reexchanged for shares of a CDSC Fund, the holding period previously frozen when
the first exchange was made resumes on the last day of the month in which shares
of a CDSC Fund are reacquired. Thus, the CDSC is based upon the time (calculated
as described above) the shareholder was invested in a CDSC Fund (see
"Repurchases and Redemptions -- Contingent Deferred Sales Charge"). However, in
the case of shares exchanged into an Exchange Fund, upon a redemption of shares
which results in a CDSC being imposed, a credit (not to exceed the amount of the
CDSC) will be given in an amount equal to the Exchange Fund 12b-1 distribution
fees which are attributable to those shares. (Exchange Fund 12b-1 distribution
fees are described in the prospectuses of those funds.)
Purchases and exchanges should be made for investment purposes only. A
pattern of frequent exchanges may be deemed by the Manager to be abusive and
contrary to the best interests of the Fund's other shareholders and, at the
Manager's discretion, may be limited by the Fund's refusal to accept
additional purchases and/or exchanges from the investor. Although the Fund does
not have any specific definition of what constitutes a pattern of frequent
exchanges, and will consider all relevant factors in determining whether a
particular situation is abusive and contrary to the best interests of the Fund
and its other shareholders, investors should be aware that the Fund, each of the
other TCW/DW Funds and each of the money market funds may in their discretion
limit or otherwise restrict the number of times this Exchange Privilege may be
exercised by any investor. Any such restriction will be made by the Fund on a
prospective basis only, upon notice to the shareholder not later than ten days
following such shareholder's most recent exchange. Also, the Exchange Privilege
may be terminated or revised at any time by the Fund and/or any of such TCW/DW
Funds or money market funds for which shares of the Fund have been exchanged,
upon such notice as may be required by applicable regulatory agencies.
Shareholders maintaining margin accounts with DWR or another Selected
Broker-Dealer are referred to their account executive regarding restrictions on
exchange of shares of the Fund pledged in the margin account.
The current prospectus for each fund describes its investment objective(s)
and policies, and shareholders should obtain a copy and examine it carefully
before investing. Exchanges are subject to the minimum investment requirement
and any other conditions imposed by each fund. An exchange will be treated for
federal income tax purposes the same as a repurchase or redemption of shares, on
which the shareholder may realize a capital gain or loss. However, the ability
to deduct capital losses on an exchange may be limited in situations where there
is an exchange of shares within ninety days after the shares are purchased. The
Exchange Privilege is only available in states where an exchange may legally be
made.
If DWR or another Selected Broker-Dealer is the current dealer of record and
its account numbers are part of the account information, shareholders may
initiate an exchange of shares of the Fund for shares of any of the funds for
which the Exchange Privilege is avail-
19
<PAGE>
able pursuant to this Exchange Privilege by contacting their DWR or other
Selected Broker-Dealer account executive (no Exchange Privilege Authorization
Form is required). Other shareholders (and those shareholders who are clients of
DWR or another Selected Broker-Dealer but who wish to make exchanges directly by
writing or telephoning the Transfer Agent) must complete and forward to the
Transfer Agent an Exchange Privilege Authorization Form, copies of which may be
obtained from the Transfer Agent, to initiate an exchange. If the Authorization
Form is used, exchanges may be made in writing or by contacting the Transfer
Agent at (800) 869-NEWS (toll-free).
The Fund will employ reasonable procedures to confirm that exchange
instructions communicated over the telephone are genuine. The procedures may
include requiring various forms of personal identification such as name, mailing
address, social security or other tax identification number and DWR or other
Selected Broker-Dealer account number (if any). Telephone instructions will also
be recorded. If such procedures are not employed, the Fund may be liable for any
losses due to unauthorized or fraudulent transactions.
Telephone exchange instructions will be accepted if received by the Transfer
Agent between 9:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m., New York time, on any day the New York
Stock Exchange is open. Any shareholder wishing to make an exchange who has
previously filed an Exchange Privilege Authorization Form and who is unable to
reach the Fund by telephone should contact his or her DWR or other Selected
Broker-Dealer account executive, if appropriate, or make a written exchange
request. Shareholders are advised that during periods of drastic economic or
market changes, it is possible that the telephone exchange procedures may be
difficult to implement, although this has not been the case in the past with
other funds managed by the Manager.
Shareholders should contact their DWR or other Selected Broker-Dealer
account executive or the Transfer Agent for further information about the
Exchange Privilege.
REPURCHASES AND REDEMPTIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
REPURCHASE. DWR and other Selected Broker-Dealers are authorized to
repurchase shares represented by a share certificate which is delivered to any
of their offices. Shares held in a shareholder's account without a share
certificate may also be repurchased by DWR and other Selected Broker-Dealers
upon the telephonic or telegraphic request of the shareholder. The repurchase
price is the net asset value next computed (see "Purchase of Fund Shares") after
such repurchase order is received by DWR or other Selected Broker-Dealer,
reduced by any applicable CDSC (see below).
The CDSC, if any, will be the only fee imposed by the Fund, the Distributor,
DWR or other Selected Broker-Dealer. The offers by DWR and other Selected
Broker-Dealers to repurchase shares may be suspended without notice by them at
any time. In that event, shareholders may redeem their shares through the Fund's
Transfer Agent as set forth below under "Redemption."
REDEMPTION. Shares of the Fund can be redeemed for cash at any time at the
net asset value per share next determined; however, such redemption proceeds
will be reduced by the amount of any applicable contingent deferred sales charge
(see below). If shares are held in a shareholder's account without a share
certificate, a written request for redemption to the Fund's Transfer Agent at
P.O. Box 983, Jersey City, NJ 07303 is required. If certificates are held by the
shareholder, the shares may be redeemed by surrendering the certificates with a
written request for redemption along with any additional documentation required
by the Transfer Agent.
CONTINGENT DEFERRED SALES CHARGE. Shares of the Fund which are held for six
years or more after purchase (calculated from the last day of the month in which
the shares were purchased) will not be subject to any charge upon redemption.
Shares redeemed sooner than six years after purchase may, however, be subject
20
<PAGE>
to a charge upon redemption. This charge is called a "contingent deferred sales
charge" ("CDSC"), which will be a percentage of the dollar amount of shares
redeemed and will be assessed on an amount equal to the lesser of the current
market value or the cost of the shares being redeemed. The size of this
percentage will depend upon how long the shares have been held, as set forth in
the table below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CONTINGENT
DEFERRED
SALES CHARGE
YEAR SINCE AS A PERCENTAGE
PURCHASE OF
PAYMENT MADE AMOUNT REDEEMED
- ------------------------------------ ----------------
<S> <C>
First............................... 5.0%
Second.............................. 4.0%
Third............................... 3.0%
Fourth ............................. 2.0%
Fifth............................... 2.0%
Sixth............................... 1.0%
Seventh and thereafter.............. None
</TABLE>
A CDSC will not be imposed on: (i) any amount which represents an increase
in value of shares purchased within the six years preceding the redemption; (ii)
the current net asset value of shares purchased more than six years prior to the
redemption; and (iii) the current net asset value of shares purchased through
reinvestment of dividends or distributions. Moreover, in determining whether a
CDSC is applicable it will be assumed that amounts described in (i), (ii) and
(iii) above (in that order) are redeemed first.
In addition, the CDSC, if otherwise applicable, will be waived in the case
of:
(1) redemptions of shares held at the time a shareholder dies or becomes
disabled, only if the shares are: (a) registered either in the name of an
individual shareholder (not a trust), or in the names of such shareholder and
his or her spouse as joint tenants with right of survivorship; or (b) held in a
qualified corporate or self-employed retirement plan, Individual Retirement
Account ("IRA") or Custodial Account under Section 403(b)(7) of the Internal
Revenue Code ("403(b) Custodial Account"), provided in either case that the
redemption is requested within one year of the death or initial determination of
disability;
(2) redemptions in connection with the following retirement plan
distributions: (a) lump-sum or other distributions from a qualified corporate or
self-employed retirement plan following retirement (or, in the case of a "key
employee" of a "top heavy" plan, following attainment of age 59 1/2); (b)
distributions from an IRA or 403(b) Custodial Account following attainment of
age 59 1/2; or (c) a tax-free return of an excess contribution to an IRA; and
(3) all redemptions of shares held for the benefit of a participant in a
corporate or self-employed retirement plan qualified under Section 401(k) of the
Internal Revenue Code which offers investment companies managed by the Manager
or its parent, Dean Witter InterCapital Inc., as self-directed investment
alternatives and for which Dean Witter Trust Company, an affiliate of the
Manager, serves as recordkeeper or Trustee ("Eligible 401(k) Plan"), provided
that either: (a) the plan continues to be an Eligible 401(k) Plan after the
redemption; or (b) the redemption is in connection with the complete termination
of the plan involving the distribution of all plan assets to participants.
With reference to (1) above, for the purpose of determining disability, the
Distributor utilizes the definition of disability contained in Section 72(m)(7)
of the Internal Revenue Code, which relates to the inability to engage in
gainful employment. With reference to (2) above, the term "distribution" does
not encompass a direct transfer of IRA, 403(b) Custodial Account or retirement
plan assets to a successor custodian or trustee. All waivers will be granted
only following receipt by the Distributor of confirmation of the shareholder's
entitlement.
PAYMENT FOR SHARES REDEEMED OR REPURCHASED. Payment for shares presented
for repurchase or redemption will be made by check within seven days after
receipt by the Transfer Agent of the certificate and/or written request in good
order. Such payment may be postponed or the right of redemption suspended under
unusual circumstances. If the shares to be redeemed have recently been purchased
by check, payment of the redemption proceeds may be delayed for the minimum time
needed to verify that the check used for investment has been honored (not more
than fifteen days from the time of receipt of the check by the Transfer Agent).
Shareholders maintaining margin accounts with DWR or another Selected
Broker-Dealer are
21
<PAGE>
referred to their account executive regarding restrictions on redemption of
shares of the Fund pledged in the margin account.
REINSTATEMENT PRIVILEGE. A shareholder who has had his or her shares
repurchased or redeemed and has not previously exercised this reinstatement
privilege may, within thirty days after the date of the repurchase or
redemption, reinstate any portion or all of the proceeds of such repurchase or
redemption in shares of the Fund at net asset value next determined after a
reinstatement request, together with the proceeds, is received by the Transfer
Agent and receive a pro-rata credit for any CDSC paid in connection with such
repurchase or redemption.
INVOLUNTARY REDEMPTION. The Fund reserves the right, on sixty days' notice,
to redeem, at their net asset value, the shares of any shareholder (other than
shares held in an Individual Retirement Account or custodial account under
Section 403(b)(7) of the Internal Revenue Code) whose shares due to redemptions
by the shareholder have a value of less than $100 or such lesser amount as may
be fixed by the Trustees or, in the case of an account opened through
EasyInvest, if after twelve months the shareholder has invested less than $1,000
in the account. However, before the Fund redeems such shares and sends the
proceeds to the shareholder, it will notify the shareholder that the value of
the shares is less than $100 and allow him or her 60 days to make an additional
investment in an amount which will increase the value of his or her account to
$100 or more before the redemption is processed. No CDSC will be imposed on any
involuntary redemption.
DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS. The Fund intends to pay dividends and to
distribute substantially all of the Fund's net investment income and net
short-term and long-term capital gains, if any, at least once each year. The
Fund may, however, determine either to distribute or to retain all or part of
any net long-term capital gains in any year for reinvestment.
The Fund may, at times, make payments from sources other than income or net
capital gains. Payments from such sources would, in effect, represent a return
of a portion of each shareholder's investment. All, or a portion, of such
payments would not be taxable to shareholders, and would reduce the
shareholder's cost basis in his or her shares.
All dividends and any capital gains distributions will be paid in additional
Fund shares and automatically credited to the shareholder's account without
issuance of a share certificate unless the shareholder requests in writing that
all dividends and/or distributions be paid in cash. (See "Shareholder Services
- -- Automatic Investment of Dividends and Distributions.")
TAXES. Because the Fund intends to distribute all of its net investment
income and capital gains to shareholders and otherwise continue to qualify as a
regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code, it
is not expected that the Fund will be required to pay any federal income tax.
Shareholders who are required to pay taxes on their income will normally have to
pay federal income taxes, and any state income taxes, on the dividends and
distributions they receive from the Fund. Such dividends and distributions, to
the extent that they are derived from net investment income or short-term
capital gains, are taxable to the shareholder as ordinary income regardless of
whether the shareholder receives such payments in additional shares or in cash.
Any dividends declared in the last quarter of any calendar year which are paid
in the following year prior to February 1 will be deemed received by the
shareholder in the prior year. Dividend payments will generally not be eligible
for the federal dividends received deduction.
Distributions of net long-term capital gains, if any, are taxable to
shareholders as long-term capital gains regardless of how long a shareholder has
held the Fund's shares and regardless of whether the distribution is received in
additional shares or in cash. Capital gains distributions are not eligible for
the dividends received deduction.
22
<PAGE>
Any dividend or capital gains distribution received by a shareholder from
any investment company will have the effect of reducing the net asset value of
the shareholder's stock in that company by the exact amount of the dividend or
capital gains distribution. Furthermore, capital gains distributions and
dividends are subject to federal income taxes. If the net asset value of the
shares should be reduced below a shareholder's cost as a result of the payment
of dividends or the distribution of realized net long-term capital gains, such
payment or distribution would be in part a return of the shareholder's
investment to the extent of such reduction below the shareholder's cost, but
nonetheless would be fully taxable at either ordinary or capital gain rates.
Therefore, an investor should consider the tax implications of purchasing Fund
shares immediately prior to a dividend or distribution record date.
The Fund may purchase the securities of certain foreign investment funds or
trusts called passive foreign investment companies. Capital gains on the sale of
such holdings will be deemed to be ordinary income regardless of how long the
Fund holds its investment. In addition, the Fund may be subject to income tax
and an interest charge on certain dividends and capital gains earned from these
investments, regardless of whether such income and gains were distributed to
shareholders.
After the end of the calendar year, shareholders will be sent full
information on their dividends and capital gains distributions for tax purposes.
To avoid being subject to a 31% federal backup withholding tax on taxable
dividends, capital gains distributions and the proceeds of redemptions and
repurchases, shareholders' taxpayer identification numbers must be furnished and
certified as to their accuracy.
Dividends, interest and capital gains received by the Fund may give rise to
withholding and other taxes imposed by foreign countries. If it qualifies for
and has made the appropriate election with the Internal Revenue Service, the
Fund will report annually to its shareholders the amount per share of such
taxes, to enable shareholders to claim United States foreign tax credits or
deductions with respect to such taxes. In the absence of such an election, the
Fund would deduct foreign tax in computing the amount of its distributable
income.
The foregoing discussion relates solely to the federal income tax
consequences of an investment in the Fund. Distributions may also be subject to
state and local taxes; therefore, each shareholder is advised to consult his or
her own tax adviser.
Shareholders should consult their tax advisers as to the applicability of
the foregoing to their current situation.
PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
From time to time the Fund may quote its "total return" in advertisements
and sales literature. The total return of the Fund is based on historical
earnings and is not intended to indicate future performance. The "average annual
total return" of the Fund refers to a figure reflecting the average annualized
percentage increase (or decrease) in the value of an initial investment in the
Fund of $1,000 over one year, as well as over the life of the Fund. Average
annual total return reflects all income earned by the Fund, any appreciation or
depreciation of the Fund's assets, all expenses incurred by the Fund and all
sales charges which would be incurred by redeeming shareholders, for the stated
periods. It also assumes reinvestment of all dividends and distributions paid by
the Fund.
In addition to the foregoing, the Fund may advertise its total return over
different periods of time by means of aggregate, average, and year-by-year or
other types of total return figures. Such calculations may or may not reflect
the deduction of the contingent deferred sales charge which, if reflected, would
reduce the performance quoted. The Fund may also advertise the growth of
hypothetical investments of $10,000, $50,000 and $100,000 in shares of the Fund.
The Fund from time to time may also advertise its performance relative to
certain performance rankings and indexes compiled by independent organizations
(such as mutual fund performance rankings of Lipper Analytical Services, Inc.).
23
<PAGE>
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VOTING RIGHTS. All shares of beneficial interest of the Fund are of $0.01
par value and are equal as to earnings, assets and voting privileges.
The Fund is not required to hold Annual Meetings of Shareholders and in
ordinary circumstances the Fund does not intend to hold such meetings. The
Trustees may call Special Meetings of Shareholders for action by shareholder
vote as may be required by the Investment Company Act or the Declaration of
Trust. Under certain circumstances, the Trustees may be removed by action of the
Trustees or by the shareholders.
Under Massachusetts law, shareholders of a business trust may, under certain
circumstances, be held personally liable as partners for obligations of the
Fund. However, the Declaration of Trust contains an express disclaimer of
shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Fund, requires that Fund
obligations include such disclaimer, and provides for indemnification and
reimbursement of expenses out of the Fund's property for any shareholder held
personally liable for the obligations of the Fund. Thus, the risk of a
shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is
limited to circumstances in which the Fund itself would be unable to meet its
obligations. Given the above limitations on shareholder personal liability, and
the nature of the Fund's assets and operations, the possibility of the Fund
being unable to meet its obligations is remote and thus, in the opinion of
Massachusetts counsel to the Fund, the risk to Fund shareholders of personal
liability is remote.
CODE OF ETHICS. The Adviser is subject to a Code of Ethics with respect to
investment transactions in which the Adviser's officers, directors and certain
other per-
sons have a beneficial interest to avoid any actual or potential conflict or
abuse of their fiduciary position. The Code of Ethics, as it pertains to the
TCW/DW Funds, contains several restrictions and procedures designed to eliminate
conflicts of interest including: (a) pre-clearance of personal investment
transactions to ensure that personal transactions by employees are not being
conducted at the same time as the Adviser's clients; (b) quarterly reporting of
personal securities transactions; (c) a prohibition against personally acquiring
securities in an initial public offering, entering into uncovered short sales
and writing uncovered options; (d) a seven day "black-out period" prior or
subsequent to a TCW/DW Fund transaction during which portfolio managers are
prohibited from making certain transactions in securities which are being
purchased or sold by a TCW/DW Fund; (e) a prohibition, with respect to certain
investment personnel, from profiting in the purchase and sale, or sale and
purchase, of the same (or equivalent) securities within 60 calendar days; and
(f) a prohibition against acquiring any security which is subject to firm wide
or, if applicable, a department restriction of the Adviser. The Code of Ethics
provides that exemptive relief may be given from certain of its requirements,
upon application. The Adviser's Code of Ethics complies with regulatory
requirements and, insofar as it relates to persons associated with registered
investment companies, the 1994 Report of the Advisory Group on Personal
Investing of the Investment Company Institute.
SHAREHOLDER INQUIRIES. All inquiries regarding the Fund should be directed
to the Fund at the telephone number or address set forth on the front cover of
this Prospectus.
24
<PAGE>
TCW/DW Latin American
Growth Fund
Two World Trade Center
New York, New York 10048
TRUSTEES
TCW/DW
John C. Argue
Richard M. DeMartini LATIN AMERICAN
Charles A. Fiumefreddo
John R. Haire GROWTH FUND
Dr. Manuel H. Johnson
Paul Kolton
Thomas E. Larkin, Jr.
Michael E. Nugent
John L. Schroeder
Marc I. Stern
OFFICERS
Charles A. Fiumefreddo
Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer
Thomas E. Larkin, Jr.
President
Sheldon Curtis
Vice President, Secretary and
General Counsel
Michael P. Reilly
Vice President
Thomas F. Caloia
Treasurer
CUSTODIAN
The Chase Manhattan Bank N.A.
One Chase Plaza
New York, New York 10005
TRANSFER AGENT
AND DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT
Dean Witter Trust Company
Harborside Financial Center
Plaza Two
Jersey City, New Jersey 07311
INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
Price Waterhouse LLP
1177 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10036
MANAGER
Dean Witter Services Company Inc.
ADVISER
TCW Funds Management, Inc.
PROSPECTUS
37939 3/28/96 MARCH 28, 1996
<PAGE>
[LOGO]
LATIN AMERICAN
GROWTH FUND
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
MARCH 28, 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund (the "Fund") is an open-end, non-diversified
management investment company, whose investment objective is long-term capital
appreciation. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing
primarily in equity securities of Latin American issuers. See "Investment
Objective and Policies."
A Prospectus for the Fund dated March 28, 1996, which provides the basic
information you should know before investing in the Fund, may be obtained
without charge from the Fund at the address or telephone numbers listed below or
from the Fund's Distributor, Dean Witter Distributors Inc., or from Dean Witter
Reynolds Inc. at any of its branch offices. This Statement of Additional
Information is not a Prospectus. It contains information in addition to and more
detailed than that set forth in the Prospectus. It is intended to provide
additional information regarding the activities and operations of the Fund, and
should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus.
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
Two World Trade Center
New York, New York 10048
(212) 392-2550
or (800) 869-NEWS (toll-free)
<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
The Fund and its Management.......................................................... 3
Trustees and Officers................................................................ 7
Investment Practices and Policies.................................................... 13
Investment Restrictions.............................................................. 29
Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage................................................. 30
The Distributor...................................................................... 32
Shareholder Services................................................................. 35
Repurchases and Redemptions.......................................................... 39
Dividends, Distributions and Taxes................................................... 42
Performance Information.............................................................. 44
Description of Shares................................................................ 45
Custodian and Transfer Agent......................................................... 46
Independent Accountants.............................................................. 46
Reports to Shareholders.............................................................. 46
Legal Counsel........................................................................ 46
Experts.............................................................................. 46
Registration Statement............................................................... 46
Report of Independent Accountants.................................................... 47
Financial Statements--January 31, 1996............................................... 48
Appendix--Ratings of Corporate Debt Instruments...................................... 58
</TABLE>
2
<PAGE>
THE FUND AND ITS MANAGEMENT
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
THE FUND
The Fund is a trust of the type commonly known as a "Massachusetts business
trust" and was organized under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts on
February 25, 1992. The Fund is one of the TCW/DW Funds, which currently
consist, in addition to the Fund, of TCW/DW Core Equity Trust, TCW/DW North
American Government Income Trust, TCW/DW Income and Growth Fund, TCW/DW Small
Cap Growth Fund, TCW/DW Balanced Fund, TCW/DW Term Trust 2002, TCW/DW Term
Trust 2003, TCW/DW Term Trust 2000, TCW/DW Emerging Markets Opportunities
Trust, TCW/DW Mid-Cap Equity Trust and TCW/DW Total Return Trust.
THE MANAGER
Dean Witter Services Company Inc. (the "Manager"), a New Jersey
corporation, whose address is Two World Trade Center, New York, New York 10048,
is the Fund's Manager. The Manager is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Dean Witter
InterCapital Inc. ("InterCapital") a Delaware corporation. InterCapital is a
wholly-owned subsidiary of Dean Witter, Discover & Co. ("DWDC"), a Delaware
corporation. In an internal reorganization which took place in January, 1993,
InterCapital assumed the management, administrative and investment advisory
activities previously performed by the InterCapital Division of Dean Witter
Reynolds Inc. ("DWR"), a broker-dealer affiliate of the Manager. (As
hereinafter used in this Statement of Additional Information, the term
"InterCapital" refers to DWR's InterCapital Division prior to the internal
reorganization and to Dean Witter InterCapital Inc. thereafter.) The daily
management of the Fund is conducted by or under the direction of officers of
the Fund and of the Manager and Adviser (see below), subject to review by the
Fund's Board of Trustees. In addition, Trustees of the Fund may provide
guidance on economic factors and interest rate trends. Information as to these
Trustees and officers is contained under the caption "Trustees and Officers."
Pursuant to a management agreement (the "Management Agreement") with the
Manager, the Fund has retained the Manager to manage the Fund's business
affairs, supervise the overall day-to-day operations of the Fund (other than
rendering investment advice) and provide all administrative services to the
Fund. Under the terms of the Management Agreement, the Manager also maintains
certain of the Fund's books and furnishes, at its own expense, such office
space, facilities, equipment, supplies, clerical help and bookkeeping and legal
services as the Fund may reasonably require in the conduct of its business,
including the preparation of prospectuses, statements of additional
information, proxy statements and reports required to be filed with the federal
and state securities commissions (except insofar as the participation or
assistance of independent accountants and attorneys is, in the opinion of the
Manager, necessary or desirable). In addition, the Manager pays the salaries of
all personnel, including officers of the Fund, who are employees of the
Manager. The Manager also bears the cost of the Fund's telephone service, heat,
light, power and other utilities.
As full compensation for the services and facilities furnished to the Fund
and expenses of the Fund assumed by the Manager, the Fund pays the Manager
monthly compensation calculated daily by applying the following annual rates to
the net assets of the Fund determined as of the close of each business day:
0.75% of the portion of daily net assets not exceeding $500 million; and 0.72%
of the portion of daily net assets exceeding $500 million. Total compensation
(following expense reimbursement, if any) accrued to the Manager for the fiscal
years ended January 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996 amounted to $843,529, $2,607,693
and $1,935,206, respectively. While the total fees payable under the Management
Agreement and the Advisory Agreement (described below) are higher than that
paid by most other investment companies for similar services, the Board of
Trustees determined that the total fees payable under the Management Agreement
(and the prior management agreements described below) and the Advisory
Agreement are reasonable in relation to the scope and quality of services
provided thereunder. In this regard, in evaluating the Management Agreement and
the Advisory Agreement, the Board of Trustees recognized that the Manager and
the Adviser had, pursuant to an agreement described under the section entitled
"The Adviser," agreed to a division as between
3
<PAGE>
themselves of the total fees necessary for the management of the business
affairs of and the furnishing of investment advice to the Fund. Accordingly, in
reviewing the Management Agreement and Advisory Agreement, the Board viewed as
most significant the question as to whether the total fees payable under the
Management and Advisory Agreements were in the aggregate reasonable in relation
to the services to be provided thereunder.
The Management Agreement provides that in the absence of willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its
obligations thereunder, the Manager is not liable to the Fund or any of its
investors for any act or omission by the Manager or for any losses sustained by
the Fund or its investors. The Management Agreement in no way restricts the
Manager from acting as manager to others.
InterCapital paid the organizational expenses of the Fund incurred prior to
the offering of the Fund's shares. The Fund has reimbursed InterCapital for
$200,000 of such expenses, in accordance with the terms of the Underwriting
Agreement between the Fund and DWR. These reimbursed expenses have been
deferred and are being amortized by the Fund on the straight line method over a
period not to exceed five years from the date of commencement of the Fund's
operations.
The Management Agreement was initially approved by the Trustees on October
22, 1993 and became effective on December 31, 1993. The Management Agreement
replaced a prior management agreement in effect between the Fund and
InterCapital, the parent company of the Manager. The nature and scope of
services provided to the Fund, and the formula to determine fees paid by the
Fund under the Management Agreement, are identical to those of the Fund's
previous management agreement. (That management agreement, in turn, had
replaced, on June 30, 1993, upon the spin-off by Sears, Roebuck and Co. of its
remaining shares of DWDC, an earlier substantially identical management
agreement (originally with DWR, and assumed by InterCapital effective January,
1993) which was approved by the Trustees on July 29, 1992.) The Management
Agreement may be terminated at any time, without penalty, on thirty days'
notice by the Trustees of the Fund.
Under its terms, the Management Agreement continued in effect until April
30, 1994, and will continue in effect from year to year thereafter, provided
continuance of the Agreement is approved at least annually by the Trustees of
the Fund, including the vote of a majority of the Trustees of the Fund who are
not parties to the Management or Advisory Agreement or "interested persons" (as
defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "Act")), of any
such party (the "Independent Trustees"). At their meeting on April 8, 1994, the
Trustees, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, approved an
amendment to the Management Agreement lowering the fees charged on average
daily net assets of the Fund in excess of $500 million to 0.72%. Continuation
of the Management Agreement for one year until April 30, 1996, was approved by
the Trustees, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, at a meeting
called for that purpose on April 20, 1995.
THE ADVISER
TCW Funds Management, Inc. (the "Adviser") is a wholly-owned subsidiary of
The TCW Group, Inc. ("TCW"), whose subsidiaries, including Trust Company of the
West and TCW Asset Management Company, provide a variety of trust, investment
management and investment advisory services. As of February 29, 1996, the
Adviser and its affiliates had approximately $53 billion under management or
committed to management. TCW and its affiliates have managed equity securities
portfolios for institutional investors since 1971. The Adviser is headquartered
at 865 South Figueroa Street, Suite 1800, Los Angeles, California 90017 and is
registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.
In addition to the Fund, the Adviser serves as investment adviser to twelve
other TCW/DW Funds: TCW/DW Core Equity Trust, TCW/DW North American Government
Income Trust, TCW/DW Income and Growth Fund, TCW/DW Small Cap Growth Fund,
TCW/DW Balanced Fund, TCW/DW Term Trust 2002, TCW/DW Term Trust 2003, TCW/DW
Term Trust 2000, TCW/DW Emerging Markets Opportunities Trust, TCW/DW Total
Return Trust and TCW/DW Mid-Cap Equity Trust. The Adviser also serves as
investment adviser to TCW Convertible Securities Fund, Inc., a closed-end
investment company traded on the New York Stock
4
<PAGE>
Exchange, and to TCW Galileo Funds, Inc., an open-end investment company, and
acts as adviser or sub-adviser to other investment companies.
Robert A. Day, who is Chairman of the Board of Directors of TCW, may be
deemed to be a control person of the Adviser by virtue of the aggregate
ownership of Mr. Day and his family of more than 25% of the outstanding voting
stock of TCW.
Pursuant to an investment advisory agreement (the "Advisory Agreement")
with the Adviser, the Fund has retained the Adviser to invest the Fund's
assets, including the placing of orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio
securities. The Adviser obtains and evaluates such information and advice
relating to the economy, securities markets, and specific securities as it
considers necessary or useful to continuously manage the assets of the Fund in
a manner consistent with its investment objective. In addition, the Adviser
pays the salaries of all personnel, including officers of the Fund, who are
employees of the Adviser.
As full compensation for the services and facilities furnished to the Fund
and expenses of the Fund assumed by the Adviser, the Fund pays the Adviser
monthly compensation calculated daily by applying the following annual rates to
the net assets of the Fund determined as of the close of each business day;
0.50% of the portion of daily net assets not exceeding $500 million; and 0.48%
of the portion of daily net assets exceeding $500 million. Total compensation
(net of expense reimbursement, if any) accrued to the Adviser for the fiscal
years ended January 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996 amounted to $562,353, $1,738,463
and $1,290,137, respectively.
The Advisory Agreement provides that in the absence of willful misfeasance,
bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its obligations
thereunder, the Adviser is not liable to the Fund or any of its investors for
any act or omission by the Adviser or for any losses sustained by the Fund or
its Investors. The Advisory Agreement in no way restricts the Adviser from
acting as investment adviser to others.
The Advisory Agreement was initially approved by the Trustees on July 29,
1992. The Advisory Agreement may be terminated at any time, without penalty, on
thirty days' notice by the Trustees of the Fund, by the holders of a majority,
as defined in the Act, of the outstanding shares of the Fund, or by the
Adviser. The Agreement will automatically terminate in the event of its
assignment (as defined in the Act).
Under its terms, the Advisory Agreement continued in effect until April 30,
1994, and provides that it will continue from year to year thereafter, provided
continuance of the Agreement is approved at least annually by the vote of the
holders of a majority, as defined in the Act, of the outstanding shares of the
Fund, or by the Trustees of the Fund; provided that in either event such
continuance is approved annually by the vote of a majority of the Independent
Trustees of the Fund, which vote must be cast in person at a meeting called for
the purpose of voting on such approval. Continuation of the Advisory Agreement
until April 30, 1996 was approved by the Trustees, including a majority of the
Independent Trustees, at a meeting called for that purpose on April 20, 1995.
At their meeting on April 8, 1994, the Trustees, including a majority of the
Independent Trustees, approved an amendment to the Advisory Agreement lowering
the fees charged on average daily net assets of the Fund in excess of $500
million to 0.48%.
Expenses not expressly assumed by the Manager under the Management
Agreement, by the Adviser under the Advisory Agreement or by the Distributor of
the Fund's shares, Dean Witter Distributors Inc. ("Distributors" or the
"Distributor") (see "The Distributor"), will be paid by the Fund. The expenses
borne by the Fund include, but are not limited to: expenses of the Plan of
Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 (see "The Distributor"); charges and
expenses of any registrar; custodian, stock transfer and dividend disbursing
agent; brokerage commissions and securities transaction costs; taxes; engraving
and printing of share certificates; registration costs of the Fund and its
shares under federal and state securities laws; the cost and expense of
printing, including typesetting, and distributing Prospectuses and Statements
of Additional Information of the Fund and supplements
5
<PAGE>
thereto to the Fund's shareholders; all expenses of shareholders' and trustees'
meetings and of preparing, printing and mailing of proxy statements and reports
to shareholders; fees and travel expenses of trustees or members of any
advisory board or committee who are not employees of the Manager or Adviser or
any corporate affiliate of either; all expenses incident to any dividend,
withdrawal or redemption options; charges and expenses of any outside service
used for pricing of the Fund's shares; fees and expenses of legal counsel,
including counsel to the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Fund or
of the Manager or the Adviser (not including compensation or expenses of
attorneys who are employees of the Manager or the Adviser) and independent
accountants; membership dues of industry associations; interest on Fund
borrowings; postage; insurance premiums on property or personnel (including
officers and trustees) of the Fund which inure to its benefit; extraordinary
expenses (including, but not limited to, legal claims and liabilities and
litigation costs and any indemnification relating thereto); and all other costs
of the Fund's operation.
Pursuant to the Management and Advisory Agreements, total operating
expenses of the Fund are subject to applicable limitations under rules and
regulations of states where the Fund is authorized to sell its shares.
Therefore, operating expenses are effectively subject to the most restrictive
of such limitations as the same may be amended from time to time. Presently,
the most restrictive limitation is as follows. If, in any fiscal year, the
Fund's total operating expenses, exclusive of taxes, interest, brokerage fees,
distribution fees and extraordinary expenses (to the extent permitted by the
applicable state securities laws and regulations), exceed 2 1/2% of the first
$30,000,000 of average daily net assets, 2% of the next $70,000,000 and 1 1/2%
of any excess over $100,000,000, the Manager and the Adviser will reimburse the
Fund, on a pro rata basis, for the amount of such excess. Such amount, if any,
will be calculated daily and credited on a monthly basis. The Fund did not
exceed the expense limitation for the fiscal years ended January 31, 1994, 1995
and 1996.
DWR and TCW have entered into an Agreement for the purpose of creating,
managing, administering and distributing a family of investment companies and
other managed pooled investment vehicles offered on a retail basis within the
United States. The Agreement contemplates that, subject to approval of the
board of trustees or directors of a particular investment entity, DWR or its
affiliates will provide management and distribution services and TCW or its
affiliates will provide investment advisory services for each such investment
entity. The Agreement sets forth the terms and conditions of the relationship
between TCW and its affiliates and DWR and its affiliates and the manner in
which the parties will implement the creation and maintenance of the investment
entities, including the parties' expectations as to respective allocation of
fees to be paid by an investment entity to each party for the services to be
provided to it by such party.
The Fund has acknowledged that each of DWR and TCW owns its own name,
initials and logo. The Fund has agreed to change its name at the request of
either the Manager or the Adviser, or if the Management Agreement between the
Manager and the Fund or the Advisory Agreement between the Adviser and the Fund
is terminated.
LOCAL ADMINISTRATORS. Certain Latin American countries require a local
entity to provide administrative services for direct investments by foreigners.
Where required by local law, the Fund intends to retain a local entity to
provide such administrative services. In such event, the local administrator
will be paid a fee by the Fund for its services.
6
<PAGE>
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Trustees and Executive Officers of the Fund, their principal business
occupations during the last five years and their affiliations, if any, with the
Manager or the Adviser, and the affiliated companies of either, and with the 12
TCW/DW Funds and with the 80 investment companies of which InterCapital serves
as investment manager or investment adviser (the "Dean Witter Funds"), are
shown below.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NAME, AGE, POSITION WITH FUND AND ADDRESS PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION DURING LAST FIVE YEARS
- --------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
John C. Argue (64) Of Counsel, Argue Pearson Harbison & Myers
Trustee (law firm); Director, Avery Dennison Corpora-
c/o Argue Pearson Harbison & Myers tion (manufacturer of self-adhesive products
801 South Flower Street and office supplies) and CalMat Company
Los Angeles, California (producer of aggregates, asphalt and ready
mixed concrete); Chairman, Rose Hills
Memorial Park (cemetery); advisory director,
LAACO Ltd. (owner and operator of private
clubs and real estate); director or trustee
of various business and not-for-profit cor-
porations; Director, TCW Galileo Funds, Inc.;
Trustee, University of Southern California,
Occidental College and Pomona College;
Trustee of the TCW/DW Funds.
Richard M. DeMartini* (43) President and Chief Operating Officer of Dean
Trustee Witter Capital, a division of DWR; Director
Two World Trade Center of DWR, the Manager, InterCapital,
New York, New York Distributors and Dean Witter Trust Company
("DWTC"); Executive Vice President of Dean
Witter Discover & Co. ("DWDC"); Member of
the DWDC Management Committee; Trustee of
the TCW/ DW Funds; Member (since January,
1993) and Chairman (since January, 1995) of
the Board of Directors of NASDAQ.
Charles A. Fiumefreddo* (62) Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and
Chairman of the Board, Chief Director of the Manager, InterCapital and
Executive Officer and Trustee Distributors; Executive Vice President and
Two World Trade Center Director of DWR; formerly Executive Vice
New York, New York President and Director of DWDC (until
February, 1993); Chairman of the Board,
Chief Executive Officer and Trustee of the
TCW/DW Funds; Chairman of the Board,
Director or Trustee, President and Chief
Executive Officer of the Dean Witter Funds;
Chairman and Director of DWTC; Director
and/or officer of various DWDC subsidiaries.
John R. Haire (71) Chairman of the Audit Committee and Chairman
Trustee of the Committee of Independent Directors or
Two World Trade Center Trustees and Director or Trustee of each of
New York, New York the Dean Witter Funds; formerly President,
Council for Aid to Education (1978-October,
1989) and Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer of Anchor Corporation, an Investment
Adviser (1964-1978); Director of Washington
National Corporation (insurance); Trustee of
the TCW/DW Funds.
</TABLE>
7
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NAME, AGE, POSITION WITH FUND AND ADDRESS PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION DURING LAST FIVE YEARS
- --------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
Dr. Manuel H. Johnson (47) Senior Partner, Johnson Smick International,
Trustee Inc., a consulting firm; Koch Professor of
c/o Johnson Smick International, Inc. International Economics and Director of the
1133 Connecticut Avenue, N.W. Center for Global Market Studies at George
Washington, D.C. Mason University (since September, 1990);
Co-Chairman and a founder of the Group of
Seven Council (G7C), an international
economic commission (since September, 1990);
Director of NASDAQ (since June, 1995);
Director of Greenwich Capital Markets, Inc.
(broker-dealer); formerly Vice Chairman of
the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve
System (February, 1986-August, 1990) and
Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Treasury
(1982-1986); Trustee of the TCW/DW Funds;
Director or Trustee of the Dean Witter Funds.
Paul Kolton (72) Chairman of the Audit Committee and Chairman
Trustee of the Committee of Independent Trustees of
c/o Gordon Altman Butowsky the TCW/DW Funds; formerly Chairman of the
Weitzen Shalov & Wein Financial Accounting Standards Advisory Coun-
Counsel to the Independent Trustees cil and Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
114 West 47th Street of the American Stock Exchange; Director of
New York, New York UCC Investors Holding Inc. (Uniroyal
Stamford, Connecticut Chemical Company Inc.); director or trustee
of various not-for-profit organizations;
Director or Trustee of the Dean Witter Funds.
Thomas E. Larkin, Jr.* (56) Executive Vice President, The TCW Group,
President and Trustee Inc.; President and Director of Trust Company
865 South Figueroa Street of the West and Vice Chairman and Director of
Los Angeles, California TCW Asset Management Company; Chairman of
the Adviser; Vice Chairman of the Advisory
Council for the College of Business
Administration of the University of Notre
Dame; Director of the California Pediatric
and Family Medicine Center; President and
Director of TCW Galileo Funds, Inc.; Senior
Vice President of TCW Convertible Securities
Fund, Inc.; President and Trustee of the
TCW/DW Funds.
Michael E. Nugent (59) General Partner, Triumph Capital, L.P., a
Trustee private investment partnership; formerly
c/o Triumph Capital, L.P. Vice President, Bankers Trust Company and BT
237 Park Avenue Capital Corporation (September, 1984-March
New York, New York 1988); Director of various business
organizations; Trustee of the TCW/DW Funds;
Director or Trustee of the Dean Witter Funds.
</TABLE>
8
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NAME, AGE, POSITION WITH FUND AND ADDRESS PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION DURING LAST FIVE YEARS
- --------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
John L. Schroeder (65) Retired; Director or Trustee of the Dean
Trustee Witter Funds; Trustee of the TCW/DW Funds;
c/o Gordon Altman Butowsky Weitzen formerly Executive Vice President and Chief
Shalov & Wein Investment Officer of the Home Insurance
Counsel to the Independent Trustees Company (August, 1991-September, 1995);
114 West 47th Street Director of Citizens Utilities Company;
New York, New York formerly Chairman and Chief Investment
Officer of Axe-Houghton Management and the
Axe-Houghton Funds (April, 1983-June 1991)
and President of USF&G Financial Services,
Inc. (June, 1990-June, 1991).
Marc I. Stern* (51) President, The TCW Group, Inc. (since May,
Trustee 1992); President and Director of the Adviser
865 South Figueroa Street (since May, 1992); Vice Chairman and Director
Los Angeles, California of TCW Asset Management Company (since May,
1992); Executive Vice President and Direc-
tor of Trust Company of the West; Chairman
and Director of the TCW Galileo Funds, Inc.;
Trustee of the TCW/DW Funds; Chairman of TCW
Americas Development, Inc. (since November,
1990); Chairman of TCW Asia, Limited (since
January 1993); Chairman of TCW London Inter-
national, Limited (since March, 1993);
formerly President of SunAmerica, Inc.
(financial services company); Director of
Qualcomm, Incorporated (wireless
communications); Director or Trustee of
various not-for-profit organizations.
Sheldon Curtis (64) Senior Vice President, Secretary and General
Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel Counsel of the Manager and InterCapital;
Two World Trade Center Senior Vice President and Secretary of DWTC;
New York, New York Senior Vice President, Assistant Secretary
and Assistant General Counsel of
Distributors; Assistant Secretary of DWR;
Vice President, Secretary and General
Counsel of the TCW/DW Funds and of the Dean
Witter Funds.
Michael P. Reilly (32) Senior Vice President of the Adviser, Trust
Vice President Company of the West and TCW Asset Management
865 South Figueroa Street Company (since June, 1992); previously Vice
Los Angeles, California President of Security Pacific Bank; Vice
President of TCW/DW Emerging Markets
Opportunities Trust.
Thomas F. Caloia (50) First Vice President and Assistant Treasurer
Treasurer of the Manager and InterCapital and
Two World Trade Center Treasurer of the TCW/DW Funds and of the
New York, New York Dean Witter Funds.
</TABLE>
- ------------
* Denotes Trustees who are "interested persons" of the Fund, as defined in the
Act.
9
<PAGE>
In addition, Robert M. Scanlan, President and Chief Operating Officer of
the Manager and InterCapital, Executive Vice President of Distributors and DWTC
and Director of DWTC, and David A. Hughey, Executive Vice President and Chief
Administrative Officer of the Manager, InterCapital, Distributors and DWTC and
Director of DWTC, Robert S. Giambrone, Senior Vice President of InterCapital,
DWSC, Distributors and DWTC, and Joseph J. McAlinden, Senior Vice President of
InterCapital, are Vice Presidents of the Fund, and Marilyn K. Cranney and Barry
Fink, First Vice Presidents and Assistant General Counsels of the Manager and
InterCapital, and Lou Anne D. McInnis and Ruth Rossi, Vice Presidents and
Assistant General Counsels of the Manager and InterCapital, and Carsten Otto, a
Staff Attorney with InterCapital, are Assistant Secretaries of the Fund.
THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES, THE INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES, AND THE COMMITTEES
The Board of Trustees consists of ten (10) trustees. These same individuals
also serve as trustees for all of the TCW/DW Funds. As of the date of this
Statement of Additional Information, there are a total of 12 TCW/DW Funds. As
of February 29, 1996, the TCW/DW Funds had total net assets of approximately
$ billion and approximately a quarter of a million shareholders.
Six Trustees (60% of the total number) have no affiliation or business
connection with TCW Funds Management, Inc. or Dean Witter Services Company Inc.
or any of their affiliated persons and do not own any stock or other securities
issued by DWDC or TCW, the parent companies of Dean Witter Services Company
Inc. and TCW Funds Management, Inc., respectively. These are the
"disinterested" or "independent" Trustees. The other four Trustees (the
"management Trustees") are affiliated with either Dean Witter Services Company
Inc. or TCW. Five of the six independent Trustees are also Independent Trustees
of the Dean Witter Funds.
Law and regulation establish both general guidelines and specific duties
for the Independent Trustees. The TCW/DW Funds seek as Independent Trustees
individuals of distinction and experience in business and finance, government
service or academia; these are people whose advice and counsel are in demand by
others and for whom there is often competition. To accept a position on the
Funds' Boards, such individuals may reject other attractive assignments because
the Funds make substantial demands on their time. Indeed, by serving on the
Funds' Boards, certain Trustees who would otherwise be qualified and in demand
to serve on bank boards would be prohibited by law from doing so.
All of the Independent Trustees serve as members of the Audit Committee and
the Committee of the Independent Trustees. Four of them also serve as members
of the Derivatives Committee. During the calendar year ended December 31, 1995,
the three Committees held a combined total of nineteen meetings. The Committees
hold some meetings at the offices of the Manager or Adviser and some outside
those offices. Management Trustees or officers do not attend these meetings
unless they are invited for purposes of furnishing information or making a
report.
The Committee of the Independent Trustees is charged with recommending to
the full Board approval of management, advisory and administration contracts,
Rule 12b-1 plans and distribution and underwriting agreements; continually
reviewing Fund performance; checking on the pricing of portfolio securities,
brokerage commissions, transfer agent costs and performance, and trading among
Funds in the same complex; and approving fidelity bond and related insurance
coverage and allocations, as well as other matters that arise from time to
time. The Independent Trustees are required to select and nominate individuals
to fill any Independent Trustee vacancy on the Board of any Fund that has a
Rule 12b-1 plan of distribution. Each of the open-end TCW/DW Funds has such a
plan.
The Audit Committee is charged with recommending to the full Board the
engagement or discharge of the Fund's independent accountants; directing
investigations into matters within the scope of the independent accountants'
duties, including the power to retain outside specialists; reviewing with the
independent accountants the audit plan and results of the auditing engagement;
approving professional services provided by the independent accountants and
other accounting firms
10
<PAGE>
prior to the performance of such services; reviewing the independence of the
independent accountants; considering the range of audit and non-audit fees;
reviewing the adequacy of the Fund's system of internal controls; and preparing
and submitting Committee meeting minutes to the full Board.
Finally, the Board of each Fund has formed a Derivatives Committee to
establish parameters for and oversee the activities of the Fund with respect to
derivative investments, if any, made by the Fund.
DUTIES OF CHAIRMAN OF COMMITTEES
The Chairman of the Committees is responsible for keeping abreast of
regulatory and industry developments and the Funds' operations and management.
He screens and/or prepares written materials and identifies critical issues for
the Independent Trustees to consider, develops agendas for Committee meetings,
determines the type and amount of information that the Committees will need to
form a judgment on various issues, and arranges to have that information
furnished to Committee members. He also arranges for the services of
independent experts and consults with them in advance of meetings to help
refine reports and to focus on critical issues. Members of the Committees
believe that the person who serves as Chairman of all three Committees and
guides their efforts is pivotal to the effective functioning of the Committees.
The Chairman of the Committees also maintains continuous contact with the
Funds' management, with independent counsel to the Independent Trustees and
with the Funds' independent auditors. He arranges for a series of special
meetings involving the annual review of investment advisory, management and
other operating contracts of the Funds and, on behalf of the Committees,
conducts negotiations with the Investment Adviser and the Manager and other
service providers. In effect, the Chairman of the Committees serves as a
combination of chief executive and support staff of the Independent Trustees.
The Chairman of the Committees is not employed by any other organization
and devotes his time primarily to the services he performs as Committee
Chairman and Independent Trustee of the TCW/DW Funds and as an Independent
Director or Trustee of the Dean Witter Funds. The current Committee Chairman
has had a combined total of more than 35 years experience in the securities,
financial and investment company industries. He has served as Chairman and
Chief Executive of the American Stock Exchange, Inc. and Chairman of the
Financial Accounting Standards Advisory Council.
ADVANTAGES OF HAVING SAME INDIVIDUALS AS INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES FOR ALL TCW/DW
FUNDS
The Independent Trustees and the Funds' management believe that having the
same Independent Trustees for each of the TCW/DW Funds avoids the duplication
of effort that would arise from having different groups of individuals serving
as Independent Trustees for each of the Funds or even of sub-groups of Funds.
They believe that having the same individuals serve as Independent Trustees of
all the Funds tends to increase their knowledge and expertise regarding matters
which affect the Fund complex generally and enhances their ability to negotiate
on behalf of each Fund with the Fund's service providers. This arrangement also
precludes the possibility of separate groups of Independent Trustees arriving
at conflicting decisions regarding operations and management of the Funds and
avoids the cost and confusion that would likely ensue. Finally, having the same
Independent Trustees serve on all Fund Boards enhances the ability of each Fund
to obtain, at modest cost to each separate Fund, the services of Independent
Trustees, and a Chairman of their Committees, of the caliber, experience and
business acumen of the individuals who serve as Independent Trustees of the
TCW/DW Funds.
COMPENSATION OF INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES
The Fund pays each Independent Trustee an annual fee of $3,000 plus a per
meeting fee of $250 for meetings of the Board of Trustees or committees of the
Board of Trustees attended by the Trustee (the Fund pays the Chairman of the
Audit Committee an annual fee of $1,200 and pays the Chairman of the Committee
of the Independent Trustees an additional annual fee of $2,400, in each case
11
<PAGE>
inclusive of the Committee meeting fees). The Fund also reimburses such
Trustees for travel and other out-of-pocket expenses incurred by them in
connection with attending such meetings. Trustees and officers of the Fund who
are or have been employed by the Manager or the Adviser or an affiliated
company of either receive no compensation or expense reimbursement from the
Fund. The Trustees of the TCW/DW Funds do not have retirement or deferred
compensation plans.
The following table illustrates the compensation paid to the Fund's
Independent Trustees by the Fund for the fiscal year ended January 31, 1996.
FUND COMPENSATION
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AGGREGATE
COMPENSATION
NAME OF INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE FROM THE FUND
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------
<S> <C>
John C. Argue.................................................................................... $ 6,863
John R. Haire.................................................................................... 7,563
Dr. Manuel H. Johnson............................................................................ 7,563
Paul Kolton...................................................................................... 8,613(1)
Michael E. Nugent................................................................................ 6,863
John L. Schroeder................................................................................ 5,630
</TABLE>
- ------------
(1) Of Mr. Kolton's compensation from the Fund, $3,600 is paid to him as
Chairman of the Committee of the Independent Trustees ($2,400) and as
Chairman of the Audit Committee ($1,200).
The following table illustrates the compensation paid to the Fund's
Independent Trustees for the calendar year ended December 31, 1995 for services
to the eleven TCW/DW Funds and, in the case of Messrs. Haire, Johnson, Kolton,
Nugent and Schroeder, the seventy-nine Dean Witter Funds that were in operation
at December 31, 1995, and, in the case of Mr. Argue, TCW Galileo Funds, Inc.
With respect to Messrs. Haire, Johnson, Kolton, Nugent and Schroeder, the Dean
Witter Funds are included solely because of a limited exchange privilege
between various TCW/DW Funds and five Dean Witter Money Market Funds. With
respect to Mr. Argue, TCW Galileo Funds, Inc. is included solely because the
Fund's Adviser, TCW Funds Management, Inc., also serves as Adviser to that
investment company. Mr. Schroeder was elected as a Trustee of each TCW/DW Fund
then in existence on April 20, 1995.
CASH COMPENSATION FROM FUND GROUPS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TOTAL CASH
COMPENSATION
FOR SERVICES
FOR SERVICE AS TO
FOR SERVICE CHAIRMAN OF 79 DEAN
AS DIRECTOR OR COMMITTEES OF WITTER
FOR SERVICE AS TRUSTEE AND INDEPENDENT FUNDS, 11
TRUSTEE AND COMMITTEE MEMBER FOR SERVICE AS DIRECTORS/ TCW/DW FUNDS
COMMITTEE MEMBER OF 79 DEAN DIRECTOR OF TRUSTEES AND AND TCW
OF 11 TCW/DW WITTER TCW GALILEO AUDIT GALILEO
NAME OF INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE FUNDS FUNDS FUNDS, INC. COMMITTEES FUNDS, INC.
- --------------------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- -------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
John C. Argue.............. $ 68,038 -- $37,500 -- $105,538
John R. Haire.............. 82,038 $ 98,450 -- $217,350(2) 397,838
Dr. Manuel H. Johnson...... 82,038 136,450 -- -- 218,488
Paul Kolton................ 54,788 136,450 -- 36,900(3) 228,138
Michael E. Nugent.......... 75,038 124,200 -- -- 199,238
John L. Schroeder.......... 46,964 136,450 -- -- 183,414
</TABLE>
- ------------
(2) For the 79 Dean Witter Funds in operation at December 31, 1995.
(3) For the 11 TCW/DW Funds in operation at December 31, 1995.
As of the date of this Statement of Additional Information, the aggregate
number of shares of beneficial interest of the Fund owned by the Fund's
officers and Trustees as a group was less than 1 percent of the Fund's shares
of beneficial interest outstanding.
12
<PAGE>
INVESTMENT PRACTICES AND POLICIES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RISK FACTORS
POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC RISKS. Even though opportunities for investment may
exist in Latin American countries, any change in the leadership or policies of
the governments of those countries or in the leadership or policies of any
other government which exercises a significant influence over those countries,
may halt the expansion of or reverse the liberalization of foreign investment
policies now occurring and thereby eliminate any investment opportunities which
may currently exist.
Investors should note that upon the accession to power of authoritarian
regimes, the governments of a number of Latin American countries previously
expropriated large quantities of real and personal property. The claims of
property owners against those governments were never finally settled. There can
be no assurance that any property represented by securities purchased by the
Fund will not also be expropriated, nationalized, or otherwise confiscated. If
such confiscation were to occur, the Fund could lose a substantial portion of
its investments in such countries. The Fund's investments would similarly be
adversely affected by exchange control regulations in any of those countries.
SECURITIES MARKETS. The market capitalizations of listed equity securities
on major exchanges in Latin American countries is significantly smaller than in
the United States. A high proportion of the shares of many Latin American
companies may be held by a limited number of persons, which may further limit
the number of shares available for investment by the Fund. A limited number of
issuers in most, if not all, Latin American securities markets may represent a
disproportionately large percentage of market capitalization and trading value.
The limited liquidity of Latin American securities markets may also affect the
Fund's ability to acquire or dispose of securities at the price and time it
wishes to do so. In addition, certain Latin American securities markets are
susceptible to being influenced by large investors trading significant blocks
of securities or by large dispositions of securities resulting from the failure
to meet margin calls when due.
The high volatility of certain Latin American securities markets, as well
as currency fluctuations, may result in greater volatility in the Fund's net
asset value than would be the case for companies investing in domestic
securities. If the Fund were to experience unexpected net redemptions, it could
be forced to sell securities in its portfolio without regard to investment
merit, thereby decreasing the asset base over which Fund expenses can be spread
and possibly reducing the Fund's rate of return.
Latin American securities exchanges and brokers are generally subject to
less governmental supervision and regulation than in the U.S., and Latin
American securities exchange transactions are usually subject to fixed
commissions, which are generally higher than negotiated commissions on U.S.
transactions. In addition, Latin American securities exchange transactions may
be subject to difficulties associated with the settlement of such transactions.
Delays in settlement could result in temporary periods when assets of the Fund
are uninvested and no return is earned thereon. The inability of the Fund to
make intended security purchases due to settlement problems could cause the
Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities. Inability to dispose of a
portfolio security due to settlement problems either could result in losses to
the Fund due to subsequent declines in value of the portfolio security or, if
the Fund has entered into a contract to sell the security, could result in
possible liability to the purchaser.
SOVEREIGN DEBT. Sovereign Debt differs from debt obligations issued by
private entities in that usually remedies from defaults must be pursued in the
courts of the defaulting party. Legal recourse is therefore somewhat
diminished. Political conditions, in terms of a country or agency's willingness
to meet the terms of its debt obligations, is of considerable significance.
Also, there can be no assurance that the holders of commercial bank debt may
not contest payments to the holders of Sovereign Debt in the event of default
under commercial bank loan agreements. Investors should be aware that the
Sovereign Debt instruments in which the Fund may invest involve great risk and
are
13
<PAGE>
deemed to be the equivalent in terms of quality to securities rated below
investment grade by Moody's and Standard & Poor's.
Sovereign Debt generally offers high yields, reflecting not only perceived
credit risk, but also the need to compete with other local investments in
domestic financial markets. Certain Latin American countries are among the
largest debtors to commercial banks and foreign governments. A foreign debtor's
willingness or ability to repay principal and interest due in a timely manner
may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow situation, the extent of
its foreign reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the
date a payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the
economy as a whole, the foreign debtor's policy towards the International
Monetary Fund and the political constraints to which a sovereign debtor may be
subject. Sovereign debtors may default on their Sovereign Debt. Sovereign
debtors may also be dependent on expected disbursements from foreign
governments, multilateral agencies and others abroad to reduce principal and
interest arrearages on their debt. The commitment on the part of these
governments agencies and others to make such disbursements may be conditioned
on a sovereign debtor's implementation of economic reforms and/or economic
performance and the timely service of such debtor's obligations. Failure to
implement such reforms, achieve such levels of economic performance or repay
principal or interest when due, may result in the cancellation of such third
parties' commitments to lend funds to the sovereign debtor, which may further
impair such debtor's ability or willingness to service its debts.
Some of the Latin American countries in which the Fund invests have
encountered difficulties in servicing their Sovereign Debt. Some of these
countries have withheld payments of interest and/or principal of Sovereign
Debt. These difficulties have also led to agreements to restructure external
debt obligations; in particular, commercial bank loans, typically by
rescheduling principal payments, reducing interest rates and extending new
credits to finance interest payments on existing debt. In the future, holders
of Sovereign Debt may be requested to participate in similar reschedulings of
such debt.
The ability of Latin American governments to make timely payments on their
Sovereign Debt is likely to be influenced strongly by a country's balance of
trade and its access to trade and other international credits. A country whose
exports are concentrated in a few commodities could be vulnerable to a decline
in the international prices of one or more of such commodities. Increased
protectionism on the part of a country's trading partners could also adversely
affect its exports. Such events could extinguish a country's trade account
surplus, if any. To the extent that a country receives payment for its exports
in currencies other than hard currencies, its ability to make hard currency
payments could be affected.
The occurrence of political, social or diplomatic changes in one or more of
the countries issuing Sovereign Debt could adversely affect the Fund's
investments. The countries issuing such instruments are faced with social and
political issues and some of them have experienced high rates of inflation in
recent years and have extensive internal debt. Among other effects, high
inflation and internal debt service requirements may adversely affect the cost
and availability of future domestic sovereign borrowing to finance governmental
programs, and may have other adverse social, political and economic
consequences. Political changes or a deterioration of a country's domestic
economy or balance of trade may affect the willingness of countries to service
their Sovereign Debt. While the Adviser intends to invest the Fund's portfolio
in a manner that will minimize the exposure to such risks, there can be no
assurance that adverse political changes will not cause the Fund to suffer a
loss of interest or principal on any of its holdings.
Periods of economic uncertainty may result in the volatility of market
prices of Sovereign Debt and in turn, the Fund's net asset value, to a greater
extent than the volatility inherent in domestic securities. The value of
Sovereign Debt will likely vary inversely with changes in prevailing interest
rates, which are subject to considerable variance in the international market.
RESTRICTIONS ON INVESTMENTS. The Fund may be prohibited under the Act from
purchasing the securities of any company that, in its most recent fiscal year,
derived more than 15% of its gross
14
<PAGE>
revenues from securities related activities. In a number of Latin American
countries, commercial banks act as securities brokers and dealers, investment
advisers and underwriters or otherwise engaged in securities-related
activities, which may limit the Fund's ability to hold securities issued by the
banks.
FOREIGN INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS. Certain countries prohibit or impose
substantial restrictions on investments in their capital markets, particularly
their equity markets, by foreign entities such as the Fund. For example,
certain countries require governmental approval prior to investments by foreign
persons or limit the amount of investment by foreign persons in a particular
company or limit the investment by foreign persons to only a specific class of
securities of a company that may have less advantageous terms than securities
of the company available for purchase by nationals. Moreover, the national
policies of certain countries may restrict investment opportunities in issuers
or industries deemed sensitive to national interests. In addition, some
countries require governmental approval for the repatriation of investment
income, capital or the proceeds of securities sales by foreign investors. The
Fund could be adversely affected by delays in or a refusal to grant any
required governmental approval for repatriation, such as by the application to
it of other restrictions on investments.
DEBT-TO-EQUITY CONVERSIONS. The Fund may participate with respect to up to
5% of its total assets in debt-to-equity conversions. Debt-to-equity conversion
programs are sponsored in varying degrees by certain Latin American countries
and permit investors to use external debt of a country to make equity
investments in local companies. Many conversion programs relate primarily to
investments in transportation, communication, utilities and similar
infrastructure related areas. The terms of the programs vary from country to
country, but include significant restrictions on the application of the
proceeds received in the conversion and on the repatriation of investment
profits and capital. In inviting conversion applications by holders of eligible
debt, a government will usually specify a minimum discount from par value that
it will accept for conversion. The Adviser believes that Latin American
debt-to-equity conversion programs may offer investors opportunities to invest
in otherwise restricted Latin American equity securities with a potential for
significant capital appreciation and, to a limited extent, intends to invest
assets of the Fund in such programs in appropriate circumstances. There can be
no assurance that debt-to-equity conversion programs will continue or be
successful or that the Fund will be able to convert all or any of its Latin
American debt portfolio into equity investments.
MONEY MARKET SECURITIES
As stated in the Prospectus, the U.S. money market instruments which the
Fund may purchase include U.S. Government securities, bank obligations,
Eurodollar certificates of deposit, obligations of savings institutions, fully
insured certificates of deposit and commercial paper. Such securities are
limited to:
U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES. Obligations issued or guaranteed as to
principal and interest by the United States or its agencies (such as the
Export-Import Bank of the United States, Federal Housing Administration and
Government National Mortgage Association) or its instrumentalities (such as the
Federal Home Loan Bank), including Treasury bills, notes and bonds;
BANK OBLIGATIONS. Obligations (including certificates of deposit and
bankers' acceptances) of banks subject to regulation by the U.S. Government and
having total assets of $1 billion or more, and instruments secured by such
obligations, not including obligations of foreign branches of domestic banks
except to the extent below;
EURODOLLAR CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT. Eurodollar certificates of deposit
issued by foreign branches of domestic banks having total assets of $1 billion
or more (investments in Eurodollar certificates may be affected by changes in
currency rates or exchange control regulations, or changes in governmental
administration or economic or monetary policy in the United States and abroad);
15
<PAGE>
OBLIGATIONS OF SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS. Certificates of deposit of savings
banks and savings and loan associations, having total assets of $1 billion or
more (investments in savings institutions above $100,000 in principal amount
are not protected by Federal deposit insurance);
FULLY INSURED CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT. Certificates of deposit of banks
and savings institutions, having total assets of less than $1 billion, if the
principal amount of the obligation is insured by the Bank Insurance Fund or the
Savings Association Insurance Fund (each of which is administered by the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation), limited to $100,000 principal amount
per certificate and to 15% or less of the Fund's net assets in all such
obligations and in all illiquid assets, in the aggregate; and
COMMERCIAL PAPER. Commercial paper rated within the two highest grades by
Standard & Poor's Corporation or the highest grade by Moody's Investors
Service, Inc. or, if not rated, issued by a company having an outstanding debt
issue rated at least AAA by Standard & Poor's or Aaa by Moody's.
FORWARD FOREIGN CURRENCY EXCHANGE CONTRACTS
As discussed in the Prospectus, the Fund may enter into forward foreign
currency exchange contracts ("forward contracts") as a hedge against
fluctuations in future foreign exchange rates. The Fund will conduct its
foreign currency exchange transactions either on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at
the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market, or through
entering into forward contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies. A
forward contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency
at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the
contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the
contract. These contracts are traded in the interbank market conducted directly
between currency traders (usually large, commercial and investment banks) and
their customers. Such forward contracts will only be entered into with United
States banks and their foreign branches or foreign banks whose assets total $1
billion or more. A forward contract generally has no deposit requirement, and
no commissions are charged at any stage for trades.
The Fund will enter into forward contracts under various circumstances.
When the Fund enters into a contract for the purchase or sale of a security
denominated in a foreign currency, it may, for example, desire to "lock in" the
price of the security in U.S. dollars or some other foreign currency which the
Fund is holding in its portfolio. By entering into a forward contract for the
purchase or sale, for a fixed amount of dollars or other currency, of the
amount of foreign currency involved in the underlying security transactions,
the Fund will be able to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from
an adverse change in the relationship between the U.S. dollar or other currency
which is being used for the security purchase and the foreign currency in which
the security is denominated during the period between the date on which the
security is purchased or sold and the date on which payment is made or received.
At other times, when, for example, the Adviser believes that the currency
of a particular foreign country may suffer a substantial decline against the
U.S. dollar or some other foreign currency, the Fund may enter into a forward
contract to sell, for a fixed amount of dollars or other currency, the amount
of foreign currency approximating the value of some or all of the Fund's
portfolio securities (or securities which the Fund has purchased for its
portfolio) denominated in such foreign currency. Under identical circumstances,
the Fund may enter into a forward contract to sell, for a fixed amount of U.S.
dollars or other currency, an amount of foreign currency other than the
currency in which the securities to be hedged are denominated approximating the
value of some or all of the portfolio securities to be hedged. This method of
hedging, called "cross-hedging," will be selected by the Adviser when it is
determined that the foreign currency in which the portfolio securities are
denominated has insufficient liquidity or is trading at a discount as compared
with some other foreign currency with which it tends to move in tandem.
16
<PAGE>
In addition, when the Adviser anticipates purchasing securities at some
time in the future, and wishes to lock in the current exchange rate of the
currency in which those securities are denominated against the U.S. dollar or
some other foreign currency, the Fund may enter into a forward contract to
purchase an amount of currency equal to some or all of the value of the
anticipated purchase, for a fixed amount of U.S. dollars or other currency.
Finally, the Fund is permitted to enter into forward contracts with respect
to currencies in which certain of its portfolio securities are denominated and
on which options have been written (see "Options and Futures Transactions,"
below).
The Fund will not enter into such forward contracts or maintain a net
exposure to such contracts where the consummation of the contracts would
obligate the Fund to deliver an amount of foreign currency in excess of the
value of the Fund's portfolio securities or other assets denominated in that
currency. Under normal circumstances, consideration of the prospect for
currency parities will be incorporated into the longer term investment
decisions made with regard to overall diversification strategies. However, the
management of the Fund believes that it is important to have the flexibility to
enter into such forward contracts when it determines that the best interests of
the Fund will be served. The Fund's custodian bank will place cash, U.S.
Government securities or other appropriate liquid high grade debt securities in
a segregated account of the Fund in an amount equal to the value of the Fund's
total assets committed to the consummation of forward contracts entered into
under the circumstances set forth above. If the value of the securities placed
in the segregated account declines, additional cash or securities will be
placed in the account on a daily basis so that the value of the account will
equal the amount of the Fund's commitments with respect to such contracts.
Where, for example, the Fund is hedging a portfolio position consisting of
foreign fixed-income securities denominated in a foreign currency against
adverse exchange rate moves vis-a-vis the U.S. dollar, at the maturity of the
forward contract for delivery by the Fund of a foreign currency, the Fund may
either sell the portfolio security and make delivery of the foreign currency,
or it may retain the security and terminate its contractual obligation to
deliver the foreign currency by purchasing an "offsetting" contract with the
same currency trader obligating it to purchase, on the same maturity date, the
same amount of the foreign currency. It is impossible to forecast the market
value of portfolio securities at the expiration of the contract. Accordingly,
it may be necessary for the Fund to purchase additional foreign currency on the
spot market (and bear the expense of such purchase) if the market value of the
security is less than the amount of foreign currency the Fund is obligated to
deliver and if a decision is made to sell the security and make delivery of the
foreign currency. Conversely, it may be necessary to sell on the spot market
some of the foreign currency received upon the sale of the portfolio securities
if its market value exceeds the amount of foreign currency the Fund is
obligated to deliver.
If the Fund retains the portfolio securities and engages in an offsetting
transaction, the Fund will incur a gain or loss to the extent that there has
been movement in spot or forward contract prices. If the Fund engages in an
offsetting transaction, it may subsequently enter into a new forward contract
to sell the foreign currency. Should forward prices decline during the period
between the Fund's entering into a forward contract for the sale of a foreign
currency and the date it enters into an offsetting contract for the purchase of
the foreign currency, the Fund will realize a gain to the extent the price of
the currency it has agreed to sell exceeds the price of the currency it has
agreed to purchase. Should forward prices increase, the Fund will suffer a loss
to the extent the price of the currency it has agreed to purchase exceeds the
price of the currency it has agreed to sell.
If the Fund purchases a fixed-income security which is denominated in U.S.
dollars but which will pay out its principal based upon a formula tied to the
exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and a foreign currency, it may hedge
against a decline in the principal value of the security by entering into a
forward contract to sell or purchase an amount of the relevant foreign currency
equal to some or all of the principal value of the security.
17
<PAGE>
At times when the Fund has written a call or put option on a fixed-income
security or the currency in which it is denominated, it may wish to enter into
a forward contract to purchase or sell the foreign currency in which the
security is denominated. A forward contract would, for example, hedge the risk
of the security on which a call currency option has been written declining in
value to a greater extent than the value of the premium received for the
option. The Fund will maintain with its Custodian at all times, cash, U.S.
Government securities or other appropriate high grade liquid debt obligations
in a segregated account equal in value to all forward contract obligations and
option contract obligations entered into in hedge situations such as this.
Although the Fund values its assets daily in terms of U.S. dollars, it does
not intend to convert its holdings of foreign currencies into U.S. dollars on a
daily basis. It will, however, do so from time to time, and investors should be
aware of the costs of currency conversion. Although foreign exchange dealers do
not charge a fee for conversion, they do realize a profit based on the spread
between the prices at which they are buying and selling various currencies.
Thus, a dealer may offer to sell a foreign currency to the Fund at one rate,
while offering a lesser rate of exchange should the Fund desire to resell that
currency to the dealer.
The Fund generally will not enter into a forward contract with a term of
greater than one year, although it may enter into forward contracts for periods
of up to five years. The Fund may be limited in its ability to enter into
hedging transactions involving forward contracts by the Internal Revenue Code
requirements relating to qualification as a regulated investment company (see
"Dividends, Distributions and Taxes").
OPTIONS AND FUTURES TRANSACTIONS
As stated in the Prospectus, the Fund may write covered call options
against securities held in its portfolio and covered put options on eligible
portfolio securities and purchase options of the same series to effect closing
transactions, and may hedge against potential changes in the market value of
its investments (or anticipated investments) by purchasing put and call options
on portfolio (or eligible portfolio) securities (and the currencies in which
they are denominated) and engaging in transactions involving futures contracts
and options on such contracts.
Call and put options on U.S. Treasury notes, bonds and bills and on various
foreign currencies are listed on several U.S. and foreign securities exchanges
and are written in over-the-counter transactions ("OTC options"). Listed
options are issued or guaranteed by the exchange on which they trade or by a
clearing corporation such as the Options Clearing Corporation ("OCC").
Ownership of a listed call option gives the Fund the right to buy from the OCC
(in the U.S.) or other clearing corporation or exchange, the underlying
security or currency covered by the option at the stated exercise price (the
price per unit of the underlying security or currency) by filing an exercise
notice prior to the expiration date of the option. The writer (seller) of the
option would then have the obligation to sell, to the OCC (in the U.S.) or
other clearing corporation or exchange, the underlying security or currency at
that exercise price prior to the expiration date of the option, regardless of
its then current market price. Ownership of a listed put option would give the
Fund the right to sell the underlying security or currency to the OCC (in the
U.S.) or other clearing corporation or exchange at the stated exercise price.
Upon notice of exercise of the put option, the writer of the option would have
the obligation to purchase the underlying security or currency from the OCC (in
the U.S.) or other clearing corporation or exchange at the exercise price.
OPTIONS ON FOREIGN CURRENCIES. The Fund may purchase and write options on
foreign currencies for purposes similar to those involved with investing in
forward foreign currency exchange contracts. For example, in order to protect
against declines in the dollar value of portfolio securities which are
denominated in a foreign currency, the Fund may purchase put options on an
amount of such foreign currency equivalent to the current value of the
portfolio securities involved. As a result, the Fund would be enabled to sell
the foreign currency for a fixed amount of U.S. dollars, thereby "locking in"
the dollar value of the portfolio securities (less the amount of the premiums
paid for the options). Conversely, the Fund may purchase call options on
foreign currencies in which securities it antici-
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pates purchasing are denominated to secure a set U.S. dollar price for such
securities and protect against a decline in the value of the U.S. dollar
against such foreign currency. The Fund may also purchase call and put options
to close out written option positions.
The Fund may also write call options on foreign currency to protect against
potential declines in its portfolio securities which are denominated in foreign
currencies. If the U.S. dollar value of the portfolio securities falls as a
result of a decline in the exchange rate between the foreign currency in which
it is denominated and the U.S. dollar, then a loss to the Fund occasioned by
such value decline would be ameliorated by receipt of the premium on the option
sold. At the same time, however, the Fund gives up the benefit of any rise in
value of the relevant portfolio securities above the exercise price of the
option and, in fact, only receives a benefit from the writing of the option to
the extent that the value of the portfolio securities falls below the price of
the premium received. The Fund may also write options to close out long call
option positions. A put option on a foreign currency would be written by the
Fund for the same reason it would purchase a call option, namely, to hedge
against an increase in the U.S. dollar value of a foreign security which the
Fund anticipates purchasing. Here, the receipt of the premium would offset, to
the extent of the size of the premium, any increased cost to the Fund resulting
from an increase in the U.S. dollar value of the foreign security. However, the
Fund could not benefit from any decline in the cost of the foreign security
which is greater than the price of the premium received. The Fund may also
write options to close out long put and call option positions.
The markets in foreign currency options are relatively new and the Fund's
ability to establish and close out positions on such options is subject to the
maintenance of a liquid secondary market. Although the Fund will not purchase
or write such options unless and until, in the opinion of the Adviser, the
market for them has developed sufficiently to ensure that the risks in
connection with such options are not greater than the risks in connection with
the underlying currency, there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary
market will exist for a particular option at any specific time. In addition,
options on foreign currencies are affected by all of those factors which
influence foreign exchange rates and investments generally.
The value of a foreign currency option depends upon the value of the
underlying currency relative to the U.S. dollar. As a result, the price of the
option position may vary with changes in the value of either or both currencies
and have no relationship to the investment merits of a foreign security,
including foreign securities held in a "hedged" investment portfolio. Because
foreign currency transactions occurring in the interbank market involve
substantially larger amounts than those that may be involved in the use of
foreign currency options, investors may be disadvantaged by having to deal in
an odd lot market (generally consisting of transactions of less than $1
million) for the underlying foreign currencies at prices that are less
favorable than for round lots.
There is no systematic reporting of last sale information for foreign
currencies or any regulatory requirement that quotations available through
dealers or other market sources be firm or revised on a timely basis. Quotation
information available is generally representative of very large transactions in
the interbank market and thus may not reflect relatively smaller transactions
(i.e., less than $1 million) where rates may be less favorable. The interbank
market in foreign currencies is a global, around-the-clock market. To the
extent that the U.S. options markets are closed while the markets for the
underlying currencies remain open, significant price and rate movements may
take place in the underlying markets that are not reflected in the options
market.
OTC OPTIONS. Exchange-listed options are issued by the OCC (in the U.S.)
or other clearing corporation or exchange which assures that all transactions
in such options are properly executed. OTC options are purchased from or sold
(written) to dealers or financial institutions which have entered into direct
agreements with the Fund. With OTC options, such variables as expiration date,
exercise price and premium will be agreed upon between the Fund and the
transacting dealer, without the intermediation of a third party such as the
OCC. If the transacting dealer fails to make or take delivery of the securities
or amount of foreign currency underlying an option it has written, in
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<PAGE>
accordance with the terms of that option, the Fund would lose the premium paid
for the option as well as any anticipated benefit of the transaction. The Fund
will engage in OTC option transactions only with member banks of the Federal
Reserve System or primary dealers in U.S. Government securities or with
affiliates of such banks or dealers which have capital of at least $50 million
or whose obligations are guaranteed by an entity having capital of at least $50
million.
COVERED CALL WRITING. As stated in the Prospectus, the Fund is permitted
to write covered call options on portfolio securities and on the U.S. Dollar
and foreign currencies in which they are denominated, without limit, in order
to aid in achieving its investment objective. Generally, a call option is
"covered" if the Fund owns, or has the right to acquire, without additional
cash consideration (or for additional cash consideration held for the Fund by
its Custodian in a segregated account) the underlying security (currency)
subject to the option except that in the case of call options on U.S. Treasury
Bills, the Fund might own U.S. Treasury Bills of a different series from those
underlying the call option, but with a principal amount and value corresponding
to the exercise price and a maturity date no later than that of the security
(currency) deliverable under the call option. A call option is also covered if
the Fund holds a call on the same security as the underlying security
(currency) of the written option, where the exercise price of the call used for
coverage is equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written or
greater than the exercise price of the call written if the mark to market
difference is maintained by the Fund in cash, U.S. Government securities or
other high grade liquid debt obligations which the Fund holds in a segregated
account maintained with its Custodian.
The Fund will receive from the purchaser, in return for a call it has
written, a "premium"; i.e., the price of the option. Receipt of these premiums
may better enable the Fund to earn a higher level of current income than it
would earn from holding the underlying securities (currencies) alone. Moreover,
the premium received will offset a portion of the potential loss incurred by
the Fund if the securities (currencies) underlying the option are ultimately
sold (exchanged) by the Fund at a loss. Furthermore, a premium received on a
call written on a foreign currency will ameliorate any potential loss of value
on the portfolio security due to a decline in the value of the currency.
However, during the option period, the covered call writer has, in return for
the premium or the option, given up the opportunity for capital appreciation
above the exercise price should the market price of the underlying security (or
the exchange rate of the currency in which it is denominated) increase, but has
retained the risk of loss should the price of the underlying security (or the
exchange rate of the currency in which it is denominated) decline. The premium
received will fluctuate with varying economic market conditions. If the market
value of the portfolio securities (or the currencies in which they are
denominated) upon which call options have been written increases, the Fund may
receive a lower total return from the portion of its portfolio upon which calls
have been written than it would have had such calls not been written.
As regards listed options and certain OTC options, during the option
period, the Fund may be required, at any time, to deliver the underlying
security (currency) against payment of the exercise price on any calls it has
written (exercise of certain listed and OTC options may be limited to specific
expiration dates). This obligation is terminated upon the expiration of the
option period or at such earlier time when the writer effects a closing
purchase transaction. A closing purchase transaction is accomplished by
purchasing an option of the same series as the option previously written.
However, once the Fund has been assigned an exercise notice, the Fund will be
unable to effect a closing purchase transaction.
Closing purchase transactions are ordinarily effected to realize a profit
on an outstanding call option, to prevent an underlying security (currency)
from being called, to permit the sale of an underlying security (or the
exchange of the underlying currency) or to enable the Fund to write another
call option on the underlying security (currency) with either a different
exercise price or expiration date or both. The Fund may realize a net gain or
loss from a closing purchase transaction depending upon whether the amount of
the premium received on the call option is more or less than the cost of
effecting the closing purchase transaction. Any loss incurred in a closing
purchase
20
<PAGE>
transaction may be wholly or partially offset by unrealized appreciation in the
market value of the underlying security (currency). Conversely, a gain
resulting from a closing purchase transaction could be offset in whole or in
part or exceeded by a decline in the market value of the underlying security
(currency).
If a call option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a gain in the
amount of the premium on the option less the commission paid. Such a gain,
however, may be offset by depreciation in the market value of the underlying
security (currency) during the option period. If a call option is exercised, the
Fund realizes a gain or loss from the sale of the underlying security
(currency) equal to the difference between the purchase price of the underlying
security (currency) and the proceeds of the sale of the security (currency)
plus the premium received on the option less the commission paid.
Options written by the Fund will normally have expiration dates of up to
eighteen months from the date written. The exercise price of a call option may
be below, equal to or above the current market value of the underlying security
at the time the option is written. See "Risks of Options and Futures
Transactions," below.
COVERED PUT WRITING. As a writer of a covered put option, the Fund incurs
an obligation to buy the security underlying the option from the purchaser of
the put, at the option's exercise price at any time during the option period,
at the purchaser's election (certain listed and OTC put options written by the
Fund will be exercisable by the purchaser only on a specific date). A put is
"covered" if, at all times, the Fund maintains, in a segregated account
maintained on its behalf at the Fund's Custodian, cash, U.S. Government
securities or other high grade liquid debt obligations in an amount equal to at
least the exercise price of the option, at all times during the option period.
Similarly, a short put position could be covered by the Fund by its purchase of
a put option on the same security (currency) as the underlying security of the
written option, where the exercise price of the purchased option is equal to or
more than the exercise price of the put written or less than the exercise price
of the put written if the marked to market difference is maintained by the Fund
in cash, U.S. Government securities or other high grade liquid debt obligations
which the Fund holds in a segregated account maintained at its Custodian. In
writing puts, the Fund assumes the risk of loss should the market value of the
underlying security (currency) decline below the exercise price of the option
(any loss being decreased by the receipt of the premium on the option written).
In the case of listed options, during the option period, the Fund may be
required, at any time, to make payment of the exercise price against delivery
of the underlying security (currency). The operation of and limitations on
covered put options in other respects are substantially identical to those of
call options.
The Fund will write put options for three purposes: (1) to receive the
income derived from the premiums paid by purchasers; (2) when the Adviser
wishes to purchase the security (or a security denominated in the currency
underlying the option) underlying the option at a price lower than its current
market price, in which case it will write the covered put at an exercise price
reflecting the lower purchase price sought; and (3) to close out a long put
option position. The potential gain on a covered put option is limited to the
premium received on the option (less the commissions paid on the transaction)
while the potential loss equals the differences between the exercise price of
the option and the current market price of the underlying securities
(currencies) when the put is exercised, offset by the premium received (less
the commissions paid on the transaction).
PURCHASING CALL AND PUT OPTIONS. As stated in the Prospectus, the Fund may
purchase listed and OTC call and put options in amounts equalling up to 5% of
its total assets. The Fund may purchase a call option in order to close out a
covered call position (see "Covered Call Writing" above), to protect against an
increase in price of a security it anticipates purchasing or, in the case of a
call option on foreign currency, to hedge against an adverse exchange rate move
of the currency in which the security it anticipates purchasing is denominated
vis-a-vis the currency in which the exercise price is denominated. The purchase
of the call option to effect a closing transaction on a call written over-the-
counter may be a listed or an OTC option. In either case, the call purchased is
likely to be on the same securities (currencies) and have the same terms as the
written option. If purchased over-the-
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<PAGE>
counter, the option would generally be acquired from the dealer or financial
institution which purchased the call written by the Fund.
The Fund may purchase put options on securities (currencies) which it holds
in its portfolio to protect itself against a decline in the value of the
security and to close out written put option positions. If the value of the
underlying security (currency) were to fall below the exercise price of the put
purchased in an amount greater than the premium paid for the option, the Fund
would incur no additional loss. In addition, the Fund may sell a put option
which it has previously purchased prior to the sale of the securities
(currencies) underlying such option. Such a sale would result in a net gain or
loss depending on whether the amount received on the sale is more or less than
the premium and other transaction costs paid on the put option which is sold.
And such gain or loss could be offset in whole or in part by a change in the
market value of the underlying security (currency). If a put option purchased
by the Fund expired without being sold or exercised, the premium would be lost.
RISKS OF OPTIONS TRANSACTIONS. The successful use of options depends on
the ability of the Adviser to forecast correctly interest rates and market
movements. If the market value of the portfolio securities (or the currencies
in which they are denominated) upon which call options have been written
increases, the Fund may receive a lower total return from the portion of its
portfolio upon which calls have been written than it would have had such calls
not been written. During the option period, the covered call writer has, in
return for the premium on the option, given up the opportunity for capital
appreciation above the exercise price should the market price of the underlying
security (or the value of its denominated currency) increase, but has retained
the risk of loss should the price of the underlying security (or the value of
its denominated currency) decline. The writer has no control over the time when
it may be required to fulfill its obligation as a writer of the option. Once an
option writer has received an exercise notice, it cannot effect a closing
purchase transaction in order to terminate its obligation under the option and
must deliver or receive the underlying securities at the exercise price.
Prior to exercise or expiration, an option position can only be terminated
by entering into a closing purchase or sale transaction. If a covered call
option writer is unable to effect a closing purchase transaction or to purchase
an offsetting OTC option, it cannot sell the underlying security until the
option expires or the option is exercised. Accordingly, a covered call option
writer may not be able to sell an underlying security at a time when it might
otherwise be advantageous to do so. A secured put option writer who is unable
to effect a closing purchase transaction or to purchase an offsetting OTC
option would continue to bear the risk of decline in the market price of the
underlying security until the option expires or is exercised. In addition, a
secured put writer would be unable to utilize the amount held in cash or U.S.
Government or other high grade short-term obligations securities as security
for the put option for other investment purposes until the exercise or
expiration of the option.
As discussed in the Prospectus, the Fund's ability to close out its
position as a writer of an option is dependent upon the existence of a liquid
secondary market on Option Exchanges. There is no assurance that such a market
will exist, particularly in the case of OTC options, as such options will
generally only be closed out by entering into a closing purchase transaction
with the purchasing dealer. However, the Fund may be able to purchase an
offsetting option which does not close out its position as a writer but
constitutes an asset of equal value to the obligation under the option written.
If the Fund is not able to either enter into a closing purchase transaction or
purchase an offsetting position, it will be required to maintain the securities
subject to the call, or the collateral underlying the put, even though it might
not be advantageous to do so, until a closing transaction can be entered into
(or the option is exercised or expires).
Among the possible reasons for the absence of a liquid secondary market on
an Exchange are: (i) insufficient trading interest in certain options; (ii)
restrictions on transactions imposed by an Exchange; (iii) trading halts,
suspensions or other restrictions imposed with respect to particular classes or
series of options or underlying securities; (iv) interruption of the normal
operations on an
22
<PAGE>
Exchange; (v) inadequacy of the facilities of an Exchange or the OCC to handle
current trading volume; or (vi) a decision by one or more Exchanges to
discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of
options), in which event the secondary market on that Exchange (or in that
class or series of options) would cease to exist, although outstanding options
on that Exchange that had been issued by the OCC as a result of trades on that
Exchange would generally continue to be exercisable in accordance with their
terms.
In the event of the bankruptcy of a broker through which the Fund engages
in transactions in options, the Fund could experience delays and/or losses in
liquidating open positions purchased or sold through the broker and/or incur a
loss of all or part of its margin deposits with the broker. Similarly, in the
event of the bankruptcy of the writer of an OTC option purchased by the Fund,
the Fund could experience a loss of all or part of the value of the option.
Transactions are entered into by the Fund only with brokers or financial
institutions deemed creditworthy by the Fund's management.
Each of the Exchanges has established limitations governing the maximum
number of options on the same underlying security or futures contract (whether
or not covered) which may be written by a single investor, whether acting alone
or in concert with others (regardless of whether such options are written on
the same or different Exchanges or are held or written on one or more accounts
or through one or more brokers). An Exchange may order the liquidation of
positions found to be in violation of these limits and it may impose other
sanctions or restrictions. These position limits may restrict the number of
listed options which the Fund may write.
The hours of trading for options may not conform to the hours during which
the underlying securities are traded. To the extent that the option markets
close before the markets for the underlying securities, significant price and
rate movements can take place in the underlying markets that cannot be
reflected in the option markets.
The extent to which the Fund may enter into transactions involving options
may be limited by the Internal Revenue Code's requirements for qualification as
a regulated investment company and the Fund's intention to qualify as such (see
"Dividends, Distributions and Taxes").
FUTURES CONTRACTS. As stated in the Prospectus, the Fund may purchase and
sell interest rate, currency, and index futures contracts ("futures
contracts"), that are traded on U.S. and foreign commodity exchanges, on such
underlying securities as U.S. Treasury bonds, notes and bills and/or any
foreign government fixed-income security ("interest rate" futures), on various
currencies ("currency futures") and on such indexes of U.S. and foreign
securities as may exist or come into being ("index" futures).
The Fund will purchase or sell interest rate futures contracts for the
purpose of hedging some or all of the value of its portfolio securities (or
anticipated portfolio securities) against changes in prevailing interest rates.
If the Adviser anticipates that interest rates may rise and, concomitantly, the
price of certain of its portfolio securities fall, the Fund may sell an
interest rate futures contract. If declining interest rates are anticipated,
the Fund may purchase an interest rate futures contract to protect against a
potential increase in the price of securities the Fund intends to purchase.
Subsequently, appropriate securities may be purchased by the Fund in an orderly
fashion; as securities are purchased, corresponding futures positions would be
terminated by offsetting sales of contracts.
The Fund will purchase or sell index futures contracts for the purpose of
hedging some or all of its portfolio (or anticipated portfolio) securities
against changes in their prices. If the Adviser anticipates that the prices of
securities held by the Fund may fall, the Fund may sell an index futures
contract. Conversely, if the Fund wishes to hedge against anticipated price
rises in those securities which the Fund intends to purchase, the Fund may
purchase an index futures contract.
The Fund will purchase or sell currency futures on currencies in which its
portfolio securities (or anticipated portfolio securities) are denominated for
the purposes of hedging against anticipated changes in currency exchange rates.
The Fund will enter into currency futures contracts for the same reasons as set
forth above for entering into forward foreign currency contracts; namely, to
"lock-in"
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<PAGE>
the value of a security purchased or sold in a given currency vis-a-vis a
different currency or to hedge against an adverse currency exchange rate
movement of a portfolio security's (or anticipated portfolio security's)
denominated currency vis-a-vis a different currency.
In addition to the above, interest rate, index and currency futures will be
bought or sold in order to close out a short or long position maintained by the
Fund in a corresponding futures contract.
Although most interest rate futures contracts call for actual delivery or
acceptance of securities, the contracts usually are closed out before the
settlement date without the making or taking of delivery. A futures contract
sale is closed out by effecting a futures contract purchase for the same
aggregate amount of the specific type of security (currency) and the same
delivery date. If the sale price exceeds the offsetting purchase price, the
seller would be paid the difference and would realize a gain. If the offsetting
purchase price exceeds the sale price, the seller would pay the difference and
would realize a loss. Similarly, a futures contract purchase is closed out by
effecting a futures contract sale for the same aggregate amount of the specific
type of security (currency) and the same delivery date. If the offsetting sale
price exceeds the purchase price, the purchaser would realize a gain, whereas
if the purchase price exceeds the offsetting sale price, the purchaser would
realize a loss. There is no assurance that the Fund will be able to enter into
a closing transaction.
INTEREST RATE FUTURES CONTRACTS. When the Fund enters into an interest
rate futures contract, it is initially required to deposit with the Fund's
Custodian, in a segregated account in the name of the broker performing the
transaction, an "initial margin" of cash or U.S. Government securities or other
high grade short-term liquid debt obligations equal to approximately 2% of the
contract amount. Initial margin requirements are established by the Exchanges
on which futures contracts trade and may, from time to time, change. In
addition, brokers may establish margin deposit requirements in excess of those
required by the Exchanges.
Initial margin in futures transactions is different from margin in
securities transactions in that initial margin does not involve the borrowing
of funds by a brokers' client but is, rather, a good faith deposit on the
futures contract which will be returned to the Fund upon the proper termination
of the futures contract. The margin deposits made are marked to market daily
and the Fund may be required to make subsequent deposits of cash or U.S.
Government securities called "variation margin," with the Fund's futures
contract clearing broker, which are reflective of price fluctuations in the
futures contract.
CURRENCY FUTURES. Generally, foreign currency futures provide for the
delivery of a specified amount of a given currency, on the exercise date, for a
set exercise price denominated in U.S. dollars or other currency. Foreign
currency futures contracts would be entered into for the same reason and under
the same circumstances as forward foreign currency exchange contracts. The
Adviser will assess such factors as cost spreads, liquidity and transaction
costs in determining whether to utilize futures contracts or forward contracts
in its foreign currency transactions and hedging strategy.
Purchasers and sellers of foreign currency futures contracts are subject to
the same risks that apply to the buying and selling of futures generally. In
addition, there are risks associated with foreign currency futures contracts
and their use as a hedging device similar to those associated with options on
foreign currencies described above. Further, settlement of a foreign currency
futures contract must occur within the country issuing the underlying currency.
Thus, the Fund must accept or make delivery of the underlying foreign currency
in accordance with any U.S. or foreign restrictions or regulations regarding
the maintenance of foreign banking arrangements by U.S. residents and may be
required to pay any fees, taxes or charges associated with such delivery which
are assessed in the issuing country.
Options on foreign currency futures contracts may involve certain
additional risks. Trading options on foreign currency futures contracts is
relatively new. The ability to establish and close out positions on such
options is subject to the maintenance of a liquid secondary market. To reduce
this risk, the Fund will not purchase or write options on foreign currency
futures contracts unless and
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<PAGE>
until, in the Adviser's opinion, the market for such options has developed
sufficiently that the risks in connection with such options are not greater
than the risks in connection with transactions in the underlying foreign
currency futures contracts.
INDEX FUTURES CONTRACTS. As discussed in the Prospectus, the Fund may
invest in index futures contracts. An index futures contract sale creates an
obligation by the Fund, as seller, to deliver cash at a specified future time.
An index futures contract purchase would create an obligation by the Fund, as
purchaser, to take delivery of cash at a specified future time. Futures
contracts on indexes do not require the physical delivery of securities, but
provide for a final cash settlement on the expiration date which reflects
accumulated profits and losses credited or debited to each party's account.
The Fund is required to maintain margin deposits with brokerage firms
through which it effects index futures contracts in a manner similar to that
described above for interest rate futures contracts. In addition, due to
current industry practice, daily variations in gains and losses on open
contracts are required to be reflected in cash in the form of variation margin
payments. The Fund may be required to make additional margin payments during
the term of the contract.
At any time prior to expiration of the futures contract, the Fund may elect
to close the position by taking an opposite position which will operate to
terminate the Fund's position in the futures contract. A final determination of
variation margin is then made, additional cash is required to be paid by or
released to the Fund and the Fund realizes a loss or gain.
OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS. The Fund may purchase and write call and put
options on futures contracts which are traded on an exchange and enter into
closing transactions with respect to such options to terminate an existing
position. An option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right (in
return for the premium paid) to assume a position in a futures contract (a long
position if the option is a call and a short position if the option is a put)
at a specified exercise price at any time during the term of the option. Upon
exercise of the option, the delivery of the futures position by the writer of
the option to the holder of the option is accompanied by delivery of the
accumulated balance in the writer's futures margin account, which represents
the amount by which the market price of the futures contract at the time of
exercise exceeds, in case of a call, or is less than, in the case of a put, the
exercise price of the option on the futures contract.
The Fund will purchase and write options on futures contracts for identical
purposes to those set forth above for the purchase of a futures contract
(purchase of a call option or sale of a put option) and the sale of a futures
contract (purchase of a put option or sale of a call option), or to close out a
long or short position in futures contracts. If, for example, the Adviser
wished to protect against an increase in interest rates and the resulting
negative impact on the value of a portion of its fixed-income portfolio, it
might write a call option on an interest rate futures contract, the underlying
security of which correlates with the portion of the portfolio the Adviser
seeks to hedge. Any premiums received in the writing of options on futures
contracts may, of course, provide a further hedge against losses resulting from
price declines in portions of the Fund's portfolio.
LIMITATIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS ON FUTURES. The Fund may not
enter into futures contracts or purchase related options thereon if,
immediately thereafter, the amount committed to margin plus the amount paid for
premiums for unexpired options on futures contracts exceeds 5% of the value of
the Fund's total assets, after taking into account unrealized gains and
unrealized losses on such contracts it has entered into, provided, however,
that in the case of an option that is in-the-money (the exercise price of the
call (put) option is less (more) than the market price of the underlying
security) at the time of purchase, the in-the- money amount may be excluded in
calculating the 5%. However, there is no overall limitation on the percentage
of the Fund's assets which may be subject to a hedge position. Except as
described above, there are no other limitations on the use of futures and
options thereon by the Fund.
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<PAGE>
The writer of an option on a futures contract is required to deposit
initial and variation margin pursuant to requirements similar to those
applicable to futures contracts. Premiums received from the writing of an
option on a futures contract are included in initial margin deposits.
RISKS OF TRANSACTIONS IN FUTURES CONTRACTS AND RELATED OPTIONS. As stated
in the Prospectus, the Fund may sell a futures contract to protect against the
decline in the value of securities (or the currency in which they are
denominated) held by the Fund. However, it is possible that the futures market
may advance and the value of securities (or the currency in which they are
denominated) held in the portfolio of the Fund may decline. If this occurred,
the Fund would lose money on the futures contract and also experience a decline
in value of its portfolio securities. However, while this could occur for a
very brief period or to a very small degree, over time the value of a
diversified portfolio will tend to move in the same direction as the futures
contracts.
If the Fund purchases a futures contract to hedge against the increase in
value of securities it intends to buy (or the currency in which they are
denominated), and the value of such securities (currencies) decreases, then the
Fund may determine not to invest in the securities as planned and will realize
a loss on the futures contract that is not offset by a reduction in the price
of the securities.
If the Fund has sold a call option on a futures contract, it will cover
this position by holding in a segregated account maintained at its Custodian,
cash, U.S. Government securities or other high grade liquid debt obligations
equal in value (when added to any initial or variation margin on deposit) to
the market value of the securities (currencies) underlying the futures contract
or the exercise price of the option. Such a position may also be covered by
owning the securities (currencies) underlying the futures contract, or by
holding a call option permitting the Fund to purchase the same contract at a
price no higher than the price at which the short position was established.
In addition, if the Fund holds a long position in a futures contract it
will hold cash, U.S. Government securities or other high grade liquid debt
obligations equal to the purchase price of the contract (less the amount of
initial or variation margin on deposit) in a segregated account maintained for
the Fund by its Custodian. Alternatively, the Fund could cover its long
position by purchasing a put option on the same futures contract with an
exercise price as high or higher than the price of the contract held by the
Fund.
Exchanges limit the amount by which the price of a futures contract may
move on any day. If the price moves equal the daily limit on successive days,
then it may prove impossible to liquidate a futures position until the daily
limit moves have ceased. In the event of adverse price movements, the Fund
would continue to be required to make daily cash payments of variation margin
on open futures positions. In such situations, if the Fund has insufficient
cash, it may have to sell portfolio securities to meet daily variation margin
requirements at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. In addition,
the Fund may be required to take or make delivery of the instruments underlying
interest rate futures contracts it holds at a time when it is disadvantageous
to do so. The inability to close out options and futures positions could also
have an adverse impact on the Fund's ability to effectively hedge its portfolio.
Futures contracts and options thereon which are purchased or sold on
foreign commodities exchanges may have greater price volatility than their U.S.
counterparts. Furthermore, foreign commodities exchanges may be less regulated
and under less governmental scrutiny than U.S. exchanges. Brokerage
commissions, clearing costs and other transaction costs may be higher on foreign
exchanges. Greater margin requirements may limit the Fund's ability to enter
into certain commodity transactions on foreign exchanges. Moreover, differences
in clearance and delivery requirements on foreign exchanges may occasion delays
in the settlement of the Fund's transactions effected on foreign exchanges.
In the event of the bankruptcy of a broker through which the Fund engages
in transactions in futures or options thereon, the Fund could experience delays
and/or losses in liquidating open positions purchased or sold through the
broker and/or incur a loss of all or part of its margin deposits
26
<PAGE>
with the broker. Similarly in the event of the bankruptcy of the writer of an
OTC option purchased by the Fund, the Fund could experience a loss of all or
part of the value of the option. Transactions are entered into by the Fund only
with brokers or financial institutions deemed creditworthy by the Adviser.
While the futures contracts and options transactions to be engaged in by
the Fund for the purpose of hedging the Fund's portfolio securities are not
speculative in nature, there are risks inherent in the use of such instruments.
One such risk which may arise in employing futures contracts to protect against
the price volatility of portfolio securities (and the currencies in which they
are denominated) is that the prices of securities and indexes subject to
futures contracts (and thereby the futures contract prices) may correlate
imperfectly with the behavior of the cash prices of the Fund's portfolio
securities (and the currencies in which they are denominated). Another such risk
is that prices of interest rate futures contracts may not move in tandem with
the changes in prevailing interest rates against which the Fund seeks a hedge.
A correlation may also be distorted by the fact that the futures market is
dominated by short-term traders seeking to profit from the difference between a
contract or security price objective and their cost of borrowed funds. Such
distortions are generally minor and would diminish as the contract approached
maturity.
There may exist an imperfect correlation between the price movements of
futures contracts purchased by the Fund and the movements in the prices of the
securities (currencies) which are the subject of the hedge. If participants in
the futures market elect to close out their contracts through offsetting
transactions rather than meet margin deposit requirements, distortions in the
normal relationship between the debt securities or currency markets and futures
markets could result. Price distortions could also result if investors in
futures contracts opt to make or take delivery of underlying securities rather
than engage in closing transactions due to the resultant reduction in the
liquidity of the futures market. In addition, due to the fact that, from the
point of view of speculators, the deposit requirements in the futures markets
are less onerous than margin requirements in the cash market, increased
participation by speculators in the futures market could cause temporary price
distortions. Due to the possibility of price distortions in the futures market
and because of the imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of
securities and movements in the prices of futures contracts, a correct forecast
of interest rate trends may still not result in a successful hedging
transaction.
As stated in the Prospectus, there is no assurance that a liquid secondary
market will exist for futures contracts and related options in which the Fund
may invest. In the event a liquid market does not exist, it may not be possible
to close out a futures position, and in the event of adverse price movements,
the Fund would continue to be required to make daily cash payments of variation
margin. In addition, limitations imposed by an exchange or board of trade on
which futures contracts are traded may compel or prevent the Fund from closing
out a contract which may result in reduced gain or increased loss to the Fund.
The absence of a liquid market in futures contracts might cause the Fund to
make or take delivery of the underlying securities (currencies) at a time when
it may be disadvantageous to do so.
The extent to which the Fund may enter into transactions involving futures
contracts and options thereon may be limited by the Internal Revenue Code's
requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company and the Fund's
intention to qualify as such (see "Dividends, Distributions and Taxes").
Compared to the purchase or sale of futures contracts, the purchase of call
or put options on futures contracts involves less potential risk to the Fund
because the maximum amount at risk is the premium paid for the options (plus
transaction costs). However, there may be circumstances when the purchase of a
call or put option on a futures contract would result in a loss to the Fund
notwithstanding that the purchase or sale of a futures contract would not
result in a loss, as in the instance where there is no movement in the prices
of the futures contract or underlying securities (currencies).
27
<PAGE>
LENDING OF PORTFOLIO SECURITIES
Consistent with applicable regulatory requirements, the Fund may lend its
portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions,
provided that such loans are callable at any time by the Fund (subject to
notice provisions described below), and are at all times secured by cash or
money market instruments, which are maintained in a segregated account pursuant
to applicable regulations and that are equal to at least the market value,
determined daily, of the loaned securities. The advantage of such loans is that
the Fund continues to receive the income on the loaned securities while at the
same time earning interest on the cash amounts deposited as collateral, which
will be invested in short-term obligations. The Fund will not lend its
portfolio securities if such loans are not permitted by the laws or regulations
of any state in which its shares are qualified for sale and will not lend more
than 25% of the value of its total assets. A loan may be terminated by the
borrower on one business day's notice, or by the Fund on two business days'
notice. If the borrower fails to deliver the loaned securities within two days
after receipt of notice, the Fund could use the collateral to replace the
securities while holding the borrower liable for any excess of replacement cost
over collateral. As with any extensions of credit, there are risks of delay in
recovery and in some cases even loss of rights in the collateral should the
borrower of the securities fail financially. However, these loans of portfolio
securities will only be made to firms deemed by the Fund's management to be
creditworthy and when the income which can be earned from such loans justifies
the attendant risks. Upon termination of the loan, the borrower is required to
return the securities to the Fund. Any gain or loss in the market price during
the loan period would inure to the Fund. The creditworthiness of firms to which
the Fund lends its portfolio securities will be monitored on an ongoing basis
by the Adviser pursuant to procedures adopted and reviewed, on an ongoing
basis, by the Board of Trustees of the Fund.
When voting or consent rights which accompany loaned securities pass to the
borrower, the Fund will follow the policy of calling the loaned securities, to
be delivered within one day after notice, to permit the exercise of such rights
if the matters involved would have a material effect on the Fund's investment
in such loaned securities. The Fund will pay reasonable finder's,
administrative and custodial fees in connection with a loan of its securities.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
When cash may be available for only a few days, it may be invested by the
Fund in repurchase agreements until such time as it may otherwise be invested
or used for payments of obligations of the Fund. These agreements, which may be
viewed as a type of secured lending by the Fund, typically involve the
acquisition by the Fund of debt securities from a selling financial institution
such as a bank, savings and loan association or broker-dealer. The agreement
provides that the Fund will sell back to the institution, and that the
institution will repurchase, the underlying security ("collateral") at a
specified price and at a fixed time in the future, usually not more than seven
days from the date of purchase. The collateral will be maintained in a
segregated account and will be marked to market daily to determine that the
value of the collateral, as specified in the agreement, does not decrease below
the purchase price plus accrued interest. If such decrease occurs, additional
collateral will be requested and, when received, added to the account to
maintain full collateralization. The Fund will accrue interest from the
institution until the time when the repurchase is to occur. Although such date
is deemed by the Fund to be the maturity date of a repurchase agreement, the
maturities of securities subject to repurchase agreements are not subject to
any limits.
While repurchase agreements involve certain risks not associated with
direct investments in debt securities, the Fund follows procedures designed to
minimize such risks. These procedures include effecting repurchase transactions
only with large, well-capitalized and well-established financial institutions
whose financial condition will be continually monitored by the Adviser subject
to procedures established by the Board of Trustees of the Fund. In addition, as
described above, the value of the collateral underlying the repurchase
agreement will be at least equal to the repurchase price, including any accrued
interest earned on the repurchase agreement. In the event of a default or
bankruptcy by a selling financial institution, the Fund will seek to liquidate
such collateral. However,
28
<PAGE>
the exercising of the Fund's right to liquidate such collateral could involve
certain costs or delays and, to the extent that proceeds from any sale upon a
default of the obligation to repurchase were less than the repurchase price,
the Fund could suffer a loss. It is the current policy of the Fund not to
invest in repurchase agreements that do not mature within seven days if any
such investment, together with any other illiquid assets held by the Fund,
amounts to more than 15% of its net assets.
WARRANTS AND STOCK RIGHTS
The Fund may invest up to 5% of the value of its net assets in warrants,
including not more than 2% in warrants not listed on either the New York or
American Stock Exchange. Warrants are, in effect, an option to purchase equity
securities at a specific price, generally valid for a specific period of time,
and have no voting rights, pay no dividends and have no rights with respect to
the corporations issuing them. The Fund may acquire warrants attached to other
securities without reference to the foregoing limitations.
The Fund may also invest up to 5% of the value of its net assets in stock
rights.
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
It is anticipated that the Fund's portfolio turnover rate generally will
not exceed 150%. A 100% turnover rate would occur, for example, if 100% of the
securities held in the Fund's portfolio (excluding all securities whose
maturities at acquisition were one year or less) were sold and replaced within
one year.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In addition to the investment restrictions enumerated in the Prospectus,
the investment restrictions listed below have been adopted by the Fund as
fundamental policies, except as otherwise indicated. Under the Act, a
fundamental policy may not be changed without the vote of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities of the Fund, as defined in the Act. Such a
majority is defined as the lesser of (a) 67% or more of the shares present at a
meeting of shareholders, if the holders of 50% of the outstanding shares of the
Fund are present or represented by proxy or (b) more than 50% of the
outstanding shares of the Fund.
The Fund may not:
1. Purchase or sell real estate or interests therein (including
limited partnership interests), although the Fund may purchase securities
of issuers which engage in real estate operations and securities secured by
real estate or interests therein.
2. Purchase oil, gas or other mineral leases, rights or royalty
contracts or exploration or development programs, except that the Fund may
invest in the securities of companies which operate, invest in, or sponsor
such programs.
3. Borrow money, except that the Fund may borrow from a bank for
temporary or emergency purposes in amounts not exceeding 5% (taken at the
lower of cost or current value) of its total assets (not including the
amount borrowed).
4. Pledge its assets or assign or otherwise encumber them except to
secure borrowings effected within the limitations set forth in restriction
(3). For the purpose of this restriction, collateral arrangements with
respect to initial or variation margin for futures are not deemed to be
pledges of assets.
5. Issue senior securities as defined in the Act except insofar as the
Fund may be deemed to have issued a senior security by reason of (a)
entering into any repurchase agreement; (b) purchasing any securities on a
when-issued or delayed delivery basis; (c) purchasing or selling any
financial futures contracts or options thereon; (d) borrowing money in
accordance with restrictions described above; or (e) lending portfolio
securities.
29
<PAGE>
6. Make loans of money or securities, except: (a) by the purchase of
portfolio securities in which the Fund may invest consistent with its
investment objective and policies; (b) by investment in repurchase
agreements; or (c) by lending its portfolio securities.
7. Make short sales of securities.
8. Purchase securities on margin, except for such short-term loans as
are necessary for the clearance of portfolio securities. The deposit or
payment by the Fund of initial or variation margin in connection with
futures contracts is not considered the purchase of a security on margin.
9. Purchase or sell commodities or commodities contracts except that
the Fund may purchase or sell futures contracts or options on futures.
10. Engage in the underwriting of securities, except insofar as the
Fund may be deemed an underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933 in
disposing of a portfolio security. (The Fund may invest in restricted
securities subject to the non-fundamental limitations contained in the
Prospectus.)
11. Invest for the purpose of exercising control or management of any
other issuer.
In addition, as a nonfundamental policy, the Fund may not invest in
securities of any issuer if, to the knowledge of the Fund, any officer or
trustee of the Fund or any officer or director of the Manager or the Adviser
owns more than 1/2 of 1% of the outstanding securities of such issuer, and such
officers, trustees and directors who own more than 1/2 of 1% own in the
aggregate more than 5% of the outstanding securities of such issuers.
If (except with respect to Restriction 3) a percentage restriction is
adhered to at the time of investment, a later increase or decrease in
percentage resulting from a change in values of portfolio securities or amount
of total or net assets will not be considered a violation of any of the
foregoing restrictions.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject to the general supervision of the Trustees, the Adviser is
responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities for the Fund, the
selection of brokers and dealers to effect the transactions, and the
negotiation of brokerage commissions, if any. Purchases and sales of securities
on a stock exchange are effected through brokers who charge a commission for
their services. In the over-the-counter market, securities are generally traded
on a "net" basis with dealers acting as principal for their own accounts
without a stated commission, although the price of the security usually
includes a profit to the dealer. In addition, securities may be purchased at
times in underwritten offerings where the price includes a fixed amount of
compensation, generally referred to as the underwriter's concession or discount.
Futures transactions will usually be effected through a broker and a commission
will be charged. On occasion, the Fund may also purchase certain money market
instruments directly from an issuer, in which case no commissions or discounts
are paid. During the fiscal years ended January 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996, the
Fund paid a total of $1,536,937, $4,008,305 and $1,090,809, respectively, in
brokerage commissions.
The Adviser currently serves as investment adviser to a number of clients,
including other investment companies, and may in the future act as investment
adviser to others. It is the practice of the Adviser to cause purchase and sale
transactions to be allocated among the Fund and others whose assets it manages
in such manner as it deems equitable. In making such allocations among the Fund
and other client accounts, the main factors considered are the respective
investment objectives, the relative size of portfolio holdings of the same or
comparable securities, the availability of cash for investment, the size of
investment commitments generally held and the opinions of the persons
responsible for managing the portfolios of the Fund and other client accounts.
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<PAGE>
The policy of the Fund regarding purchases and sales of securities for its
portfolio is that primary consideration will be given to obtaining the most
favorable prices and efficient executions of transactions. Consistent with this
policy, when securities transactions are effected on a stock exchange, the
Fund's policy is to pay commissions which are considered fair and reasonable
without necessarily determining that the lowest possible commissions are paid
in all circumstances. The Fund believes that a requirement always to seek the
lowest possible commission cost could impede effective portfolio management and
preclude the Fund and the Adviser from obtaining a high quality of brokerage
and research services. In seeking to determine the reasonableness of brokerage
commissions paid in any transaction, the Adviser relies upon its experience and
knowledge regarding commissions generally charged by various brokers and on its
judgment in evaluating the brokerage and research services received from the
broker effecting the transaction. Such determinations are necessarily
subjective and imprecise, as in most cases an exact dollar value for those
services is not ascertainable.
The Fund anticipates that certain of its transactions involving foreign
securities will be effected on securities exchanges. Fixed commissions on such
transactions are generally higher than negotiated commissions on domestic
transactions. There is also generally less government supervision and
regulation of foreign securities exchanges and brokers than in the United
States.
In seeking to implement the Fund's policies, the Adviser effects
transactions with those brokers and dealers who the Adviser believes provide
the most favorable prices and are capable of providing efficient executions. If
the Adviser believes such prices and executions are obtainable from more than
one broker or dealer, it may give consideration to placing portfolio
transactions with those brokers and dealers who also furnish research and other
services to the Fund or the Adviser. Such services may include, but are not
limited to, any one or more of the following: reports on industries and
companies, economic analyses and review of business conditions, portfolio
strategy, analytic computer software, account performance services, computer
terminals and various trading and/or quotation equipment. They also include
advice from broker-dealers as to the value of securities, availability of
securities, availability of buyers, and availability of sellers. In addition,
they include recommendations as to purchase and sale of individual securities
and timing of such transactions. The Fund will not purchase at a higher price
or sell at a lower price in connection with transactions affected with a
dealer, acting as principal, who furnishes research services to the Fund than
would be the case if no weight were given by the Fund to the dealer's
furnishing of such services. During the fiscal year ended January 31, 1996, the
Fund directed the payment of $452,095 in brokerage commissions in connection
with transactions in the aggregate amount of $137,900,563 to brokers because of
research services provided.
The information and services received by the Adviser from brokers and
dealers may be of benefit to the Adviser in the management of accounts of some
of its other clients and may not in all cases benefit the Fund directly. While
the receipt of such information and services is useful in varying degrees and
would generally reduce the amount of research or services otherwise performed
by the Adviser and thereby reduce its expenses, it is of indeterminable value
and the advisory fee paid to the Adviser is not reduced by any amount that may
be attributable to the value of such services.
Consistent with the policy described above, brokerage transactions in
securities listed on exchanges or admitted to unlisted trading privileges may
be effected through DWR. In order for DWR to effect any portfolio transactions
for the Fund, the commissions, fees or other remuneration received by DWR must
be reasonable and fair compared to the commissions, fees or other remuneration
paid to other brokers in connection with comparable transactions involving
similar securities being purchased or sold on an exchange during a comparable
period of time. This standard would allow DWR to receive no more than the
remuneration which would be expected to be received by an unaffiliated broker
in a commensurate arm's-length transaction. Furthermore, the Board of Trustees
of the Fund, including a majority of the Trustees who are not "interested"
persons of the Fund, as defined in the Act, have adopted procedures which are
reasonably designed to provide that any commissions, fees or other remuneration
paid to DWR are consistent with the foregoing standard.
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<PAGE>
The Fund does not reduce the management fee it pays to the Investment Manager
by any amount of the brokerage commissions it may pay to DWR. During the fiscal
years ended January 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996, the Fund did not pay any brokerage
commissions to DWR.
THE DISTRIBUTOR
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As discussed in the Prospectus, shares of the Fund are distributed by Dean
Witter Distributors Inc. (the "Distributor"). The Distributor has entered into
a selected dealer agreement with DWR, which through its own sales organization
sells shares of the Fund, and may enter into selected dealer agreements with
others.The Distributor, a Delaware corporation, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of
DWDC. As part of an internal reorganization that took place in January, 1993,
the Distributor assumed the investment company share distribution activities
previously performed by DWR. The Trustees of the Fund, including a majority of
the Independent Trustees, approved, at their meeting held on October 30, 1992,
a Distribution Agreement appointing the Distributor as exclusive distributor of
the Fund's shares and providing for the Distributor to bear distribution
expenses not borne by the Fund. The Distribution Agreement is substantively
identical to a prior distribution agreement also initially approved by the
Trustees on October 30, 1992. The Distribution Agreement took effect on June
30, 1993 upon the spin-off by Sears, Roebuck and Co. of its remaining shares of
DWDC. By its terms, the Distribution Agreement had an initial term ending April
30, 1994, and provides that it will remain in effect from year to year
thereafter if approved by the Board. At their meeting held on April 20, 1995,
the Trustees, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, approved the
continuance of the Distribution Agreement until April 30, 1996.
The Distributor bears all expenses it may incur in providing services under
the Distribution Agreement. Such expenses include the payment of commissions
for sales of the Fund's shares and incentive compensation to account
executives. The Distributor also pays certain expenses in connection with the
compensation to account executives. The Distributor also pays certain expenses
in connection with the distribution of the Fund's shares, including the costs
of preparing, printing and distributing advertising or promotional materials,
and the costs of printing and distributing prospectuses and supplements thereto
used in connection with the offering and sale of the Fund's shares. The Fund
bears the costs of initial typesetting, printing and distribution of
prospectuses and supplements thereto to shareholders. The Fund also bears the
costs of registering the Fund and its shares under federal and state securities
laws. The Fund and Distributor have agreed to indemnify each other against
certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of of 1933,
as amended. Under the Distribution Agreement, the Distributor uses its best
efforts in rendering services to the Fund, but in the absence of willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its
obligations, the Distributor is not liable to the Fund or any of its
shareholders for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any act or
omission or for any losses sustained by the Fund or its shareholders.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION. The Fund has adopted a Plan of Distribution pursuant
to Rule 12b-1 under the Act (the "Plan") pursuant to which the Fund pays the
Distributor compensation accrued daily and payable monthly at the annual rate
of 1% of the lesser of: (a) the average daily aggregate gross sales of the
Fund's shares since the inception of the Fund (not including reinvestments of
dividends or capital gains distributions), less the average daily aggregate net
asset value of the Fund's shares redeemed since the Fund's inception upon which
a contingent deferred sales charge has been imposed or upon which such charge
has been waived; or (b) the Fund's average daily net assets. The Distributor
also receives the proceeds of contingent deferred sales charges imposed on
certain redemptions of shares, which are separate and apart from payments made
pursuant to the Plan (see "Repurchases and Redemptions -- Contingent Deferred
Sales Charge" in the Prospectus). The Distributor has informed the Fund that
for the fiscal years ended January 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996 it and/or DWR
received approximately $333,000, $1,227,000 and $1,455,000, respectively, in
contingent deferred sales charges, none of which was retained by the
Distributor.
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<PAGE>
The Distributor has informed the Fund that a portion of the fees payable by
the Fund each year pursuant to the Plan equal to 0.25% of the Fund's average
daily net assets is characterized as a "service fee" under the Rules of Fair
Practice of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (of which the
Distributor is a member). Such portion of the fee is a payment made for personal
service and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts. The remaining portion
of the Plan fees payable by the Fund is characterized as an "asset-based sales
charge" as defined by the aforementioned Rules of Fair Practice.
Under its terms, the Plan had an initial term ending April 30, 1993, and
provides that it will remain in effect from year to year thereafter, provided
such continuance is approved annually by a vote of the Trustees, including a
majority of the Trustees who are not "interested persons" of the Fund (as
defined in the Act), and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in
the operation of the Plan (the "Independent 12b-1 Trustees"). The Plan was
submitted to and approved by the Trustees of the Fund, including a majority of
the Independent 12b-1 Trustees, at their meeting held on July 29, 1992. DWR, as
the then sole shareholder of the Fund, approved the Plan on September 9, 1992.
At their meeting held on October 30, 1992, the Trustees of the Fund,
including all of the Independent 12b-1 Trustees, approved certain amendments to
the Plan which took effect in January, 1993 and were designed to reflect the
fact that upon the reorganization described above, the share distribution
activities theretofore performed for the Fund by DWR were assumed by the
Distributor and DWR's sales activities are now being performed pursuant to the
terms of a selected dealer agreement between the Distributor and DWR. The
amendments provide that payments under the Plan will be made to the Distributor
rather than to DWR as before the amendment, and that the Distributor in turn is
authorized to make payments to DWR, its affiliates or other selected broker-
dealers (or direct that the Fund pay such entities directly). The Distributor
is also authorized to retain part of such fee as compensation for its own
distribution-related expenses.
Under the Plan and as required by Rule 12b-1, the Trustees receive and
review promptly after the end of each fiscal quarter a written report provided
by the Distributor of the amounts expended under the Plan and the purpose for
which such expenditures were made. In the Trustees' quarterly reviews of the
Plan, they will consider its continued appropriateness and the level of
compensation provided therein. The Fund accrued amounts payable to the
Distributor under the Plan, during the fiscal year ended January 31, 1996, of
$2,580,274. This amount is equal to payments required to be paid monthly by the
Fund which were computed at the annual rate of 1.00% of the average daily net
assets of the Fund. This amount is treated by the Fund as an expense in the
year it is accrued.
The Plan was adopted in order to permit the implementation of the Fund's
method of distribution. Under this distribution method shares of the Fund are
sold without a sales load being deducted at the time of purchase, so that the
full amount of an Investor's purchase payment will be invested in shares
without any deduction for sales charges. Shares of the Fund may be subject to a
contingent deferred sales charge, payable to the Distributor, if redeemed
during the six years after their purchase. DWR compensates its account
executives by paying them, from its own funds, commissions for the sale of the
Fund's shares, currently a gross sales credit of up to 5% of the amount sold
and an annual residual commission of up to 0.25 of 1% of the current value of
the amount sold. The gross sales credit is a charge which reflects commissions
paid by DWR to its account executives and DWR's Fund associated
distribution-related expenses, including sales compensation, and overhead and
other branch office distribution-related expenses including; (a) the expenses
of operating DWR's branch offices in connection with the sale of Fund shares,
including lease costs, the salaries and employee benefits of operations and
sales support personnel, utility costs, communications costs and the costs of
stationery and supplies; (b) the costs of client sales seminars; (c) travel
expenses of mutual fund sales coordinators to promote the sale of Fund shares;
and (d) other expenses relating to branch promotion of Fund share sales. The
distribution fee that the Distributor receives from the Fund under the Plan, in
effect, offsets distribution expenses incurred under the Plan on behalf of the
Fund and opportunity costs, such as the gross sales credit and an assumed
interest charge thereon ("carrying
33
<PAGE>
charge"). In the Distributor's reporting of the distribution expenses to the
Fund, such assumed interest (computed at the "broker's call rate") has been
calculated on the gross sales charges received by the Distributor upon
redemption of shares of the Fund. No other interest charge is included as a
distribution expense in the Distributor's calculation of distribution costs for
this purpose. The broker's call rate is in the interest rate charged to
securities brokers on loans secured by exchange-listed securities.
The Fund paid 100% of the $2,580,274 accrued under the Plan for the fiscal
year ended January 31, 1996 to the Distributor. The Distributor and DWR
estimate that they have spent, pursuant to the Plan, $31,224,801 on behalf of
the Fund since the inception of the Plan. It is estimated that this amount was
spent in approximately the following ways: (i) 4.47% ($1,394,883) --
advertising and promotional expenses; (ii) 0.66% ($205,638) -- printing of
prospectuses for distribution to other than current shareholders; and (iii)
94.87% ($29,624,280) -- other expenses, including the gross sales credit and
the carrying charge, of which 7.01% ($2,077,498) represents carrying charges,
37.20% ($11,021,467) represents commission credits to DWR branch offices for
payments of commissions to account executives and 55.79% ($16,525,315)
represents overhead and other branch office distribution-related expenses.
At any given time, the expenses of distributing shares of the Fund may be
more or less than the total of (i) the payments made by the Fund pursuant to
the Plan and (ii) the proceeds of contingent deferred sales charges paid by
investors upon redemption of shares. The Distributor has advised the Fund that
the excess distribution expenses, including the carrying charge designed to
approximate the opportunity costs incurred by DWR which arise from it having
advanced monies without having received the amount of any sales charges imposed
at the time of sale of the Fund's shares, totalled $20,668,556 as of January
31, 1996. Because there is no requirement under the Plan that the Distributor
be reimbursed for all its expenses or any requirement that the Plan be
continued from year to year, this excess amount does not constitute a liability
of the Fund. Although there is no legal obligation for the Fund to pay expenses
incurred in excess of payments made to the Distributor under the Plan and the
proceeds of contingent deferred sales charges paid by investors upon redemption
of shares, if for any reason the Plan is terminated, the Trustees will consider
at that time the manner in which to treat such expenses. Any cumulative
expenses incurred by DWR, but not yet recovered through distribution fees or
contingent deferred sales charges, may or may not be recovered through future
distribution fees or contingent deferred sales charges.
No interested person of the Fund, nor any Trustee of the Fund who is not an
interested person of the Fund, as defined in the Act, has any direct or
indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan except to the extent
that DWR, InterCapital, the Distributor or the Manager, or certain of their
employees, may be deemed to have such an interest as a result of benefits
derived from the successful operation of the Plan or as a result of receiving a
portion of the amounts expended thereunder by the Fund.
Under its terms, the Plan remained in effect until April 30, 1993, and will
continue from year to year thereafter, provided such continuance is approved
annually by a vote of the Trustees in the manner described above. The most
recent continuance of the Plan for one year, until April 30, 1996, was approved
by the Board of Trustees of the Fund, including a majority of the Independent
12b-1 Trustees, at a Board meeting held on April 20, 1995. Prior to approving
the continuation of the Plan, the Trustees requested and received from the
Distributor and reviewed all the information which they deemed necessary to
arrive at an informed determination. In making their determination to continue
the Plan, the Trustees considered: (1) the Fund's experience under the Plan and
whether such experience indicates that the Plan is operating as anticipated;
(2) the benefits the Fund had obtained, was obtaining and would be likely to
obtain under the Plan; and (3) what services had been provided and were
continuing to be provided under the Plan to the Fund and its shareholders. Based
upon their review, the Trustees of the Fund, including each of the Independent
12b-1 Trustees, determined that continuation of the Plan would be in the best
interest of the Fund and would have a reasonable likelihood of continuing to
benefit the Fund and its shareholders. In the Trustees' quar-
34
<PAGE>
terly review of the Plan, they will consider its continued appropriateness and
the level of compensation provided herein.
The Plan may not be amended to increase materially the amount to be spent
for the services described therein without approval of the shareholders of the
Fund, and all material amendments of the Plan must also be approved by the
Trustees in the manner described above. The Plan may be terminated at any time,
without payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the Independent 12b-1
Trustees or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the
Fund (as defined in the Act) on not more than thirty days' written notice to
any other party of the Plan. So long as the Plan is in effect, the election and
nomination of Independent Trustees shall be committed to the discretion of the
Independent Trustees.
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
As stated in the Prospectus, short-term debt securities with remaining
maturities of 60 days or less at the time of purchase are valued at amortized
cost, unless the Trustees determine such does not reflect the securities'
market value, in which case these securities will be valued at their fair value
as determined by the Trustees. Other short-term debt securities will be valued
on a mark-to-market basis until such time as they reach a remaining maturity of
60 days, whereupon they will be valued at amortized cost using their value on
the 61st day unless the Trustees determine such does not reflect the
securities' market value, in which case these securities will be valued at
their fair value as determined by the Trustees. Listed options on debt
securities are valued at the latest sale price on the exchange on which they
are listed unless no sales of such options have taken place that day, in which
case they will be valued at the mean between their latest bid and asked prices.
Unlisted options on debt securities and all options on equity securities are
valued at the mean between their latest bid and asked prices. Futures are
valued at the latest sale price on the commodities exchange on which they trade
unless the Trustees determine such price does not reflect their market value,
in which case they will be valued at their fair value as determined by the
Trustees. All other securities and other assets are valued at their fair value
as determined in good faith under procedures established by and under the
supervision of the Trustees.
The net asset value per share of the Fund is determined once daily at 4:00
p.m., New York time (or, on days when the New York Stock Exchange closes prior
to 4:00 p.m., at such earlier time), on each day that the New York Stock
Exchange is open by taking the value of all assets of the Fund, subtracting its
liabilities, dividing by the number of shares outstanding and adjusting to the
nearest cent. The New York Stock Exchange currently observes the following
holidays: New Year's Day, Presidents' Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day,
Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.
SHAREHOLDER SERVICES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Upon the purchase of shares of the Fund, a Shareholder Investment Account
is opened for the Investor on the books of the Fund and maintained by Dean
Witter Trust Company (the "Transfer Agent"). This is an open account in which
shares owned by the investor are credited by the Transfer Agent in lieu of
issuance of a share certificate. If a share certificate is desired, it must be
requested in writing for each transaction. Certificates are issued only for
full shares and may be redeposited in the account at any time. There is no
charge to the investor for issuance of a certificate. Whenever a
shareholder-instituted transaction takes place in the Shareholder Investment
Account, the shareholder will be mailed a confirmation of the transaction from
the Fund or from DWR or other selected broker-dealer.
AUTOMATIC INVESTMENT OF DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS. As stated in the
Prospectus, all income dividends and capital gains distributions are
automatically paid in full and fractional shares of the Fund, unless the
shareholder requests that they be paid in cash. Each purchase of shares of the
Fund is made upon the condition that the Transfer Agent is thereby
automatically appointed as agent of the
35
<PAGE>
investor to receive all dividends and capital gains distributions on shares
owned by the investor. Such dividends and distributions will be paid, at the
net asset value per share, in shares of the Fund (or in cash if the shareholder
so requests) as of the close of business on the record date. At any time an
investor may request the Transfer Agent, in writing, to have subsequent
dividends and/or capital gains distributions paid to him or her in cash rather
than shares. To assure sufficient time to process the change, such request
should be received by the Transfer Agent at least five business days prior to
the record date of the dividend or distribution. In the case of recently
purchased shares for which registration instructions have not been received on
the record date, cash payments will be made to DWR or the other selected
broker-dealer, and will be forwarded to the shareholder, upon the receipt of
proper instructions.
TARGETED DIVIDENDS.-SM- In states where it is legally permissible,
shareholders may also have all income dividends and capital gains distributions
automatically invested in shares of a TCW/DW Fund other than TCW/DW Latin
American Growth Fund. Such investment will be made as described above for
automatic investment in shares of the Fund, at the net asset value per share of
the selected TCW/DW Fund as of the close of business on the payment date of the
dividend or distribution and will begin to earn dividends, if any, in the
selected TCW/DW Fund the next business day. To participate in the Targeted
Dividends program, shareholders should contact their DWR or other selected
broker-dealer account executive or the Transfer Agent. Shareholders of the Fund
must be shareholders of the TCW/DW Fund targeted to receive investments from
dividends at the time they enter the Targeted Dividends program. Investors
should review the prospectus of the targeted TCW/ DW Fund before entering the
program.
EASYINVEST.-SM- Shareholders may subscribe to EasyInvest, an automatic
purchase plan which provides for any amount from $100 to $5,000 to be
transferred automatically from a checking or savings account, on a
semi-monthly, monthly or quarterly basis, to the Transfer Agent for investment
in shares of the Fund. Shares purchased through EasyInvest will be added to the
shareholder's existing account at the net asset value calculated the same
business day the transfer of funds is effected. For further information or to
subscribe to EasyInvest, shareholders should contact their account executive or
the Transfer Agent.
INVESTMENT OF DIVIDENDS OR DISTRIBUTIONS RECEIVED IN CASH. As discussed in
the Prospectus, any shareholder who receives a cash payment representing a
dividend or distribution may invest such dividend or distribution at the net
asset value per share, without the imposition of a contingent deferred sales
charge upon redemption, by returning the check or the proceeds to the Transfer
Agent within 30 days after the payment date. If the shareholder returns the
proceeds of a dividend or distribution, such funds must be accompanied by a
signed statement indicating that the proceeds constitute a dividend or
distribution to be invested. Such investment will be made at the net asset
value per share next determined after receipt of the check or proceeds by the
Transfer Agent.
SYSTEMATIC WITHDRAWAL PLAN. As discussed in the Prospectus, a systematic
withdrawal plan (the "Withdrawal Plan") is available for shareholders who own
or purchase shares of the Fund having a minimum value of $10,000 based upon the
then current net asset value. The Withdrawal Plan provides for monthly or
quarterly (March, June, September and December) checks in any dollar amount,
not less than $25, or in any whole percentage of the account balance, on an
annualized basis. Any applicable contingent deferred sales charge will be
imposed on shares redeemed under the Withdrawal Plan (see "Repurchases and
Redemptions -- Contingent Deferred Sales Charge" in the Prospectus). Therefore,
any shareholder participating in the Withdrawal Plan will have sufficient
shares redeemed from his or her account so that the proceeds (net of any
applicable contingent deferred sales charge) to the shareholder will be the
designated monthly or quarterly amount.
The Transfer Agent acts as agent for the shareholder in tendering to the
Fund for redemption sufficient full and fractional shares to provide the amount
of the periodic withdrawal payment designated in the application. The shares
will be redeemed at their net asset value determined, at the shareholder's
option, on the tenth or twenty-fifth day (or next following business day) of
the relevant
36
<PAGE>
month or quarter and normally a check for the proceeds will be mailed by the
Transfer Agent, or amounts credited to a shareholder's DWR brokerage account,
within five business days after the date of redemption. The Withdrawal Plan may
be terminated at any time by the Fund.
Withdrawal Plan payments should not be considered as dividends, yields or
income. If Withdrawal Plan payments continuously exceed net investment income
and net capital gains, the shareholder's original investment will be
correspondingly reduced and ultimately exhausted.
Each withdrawal constitutes a redemption of shares and any gain or loss
realized must be recognized for federal income tax purposes. Although the
shareholder may make additional investments of $2,500 or more under the
Withdrawal Plan, withdrawals made concurrently with purchases of additional
shares may be inadvisable because of the contingent deferred sales charge
applicable to the redemption of shares purchased during the preceding six years
(see "Repurchases and Redemptions -- Contingent Deferred Sales Charge").
Any shareholder who wishes to have payments under the Withdrawal Plan made
to a third party or sent to an address other than the one listed on the account
must send complete written instructions to the Transfer Agent to enroll in the
Withdrawal Plan. The shareholder's signature on such instructions must be
guaranteed by an eligible guarantor acceptable to the Transfer Agent
(shareholders should contact the Transfer Agent for a determination as to
whether a particular institution is such an eligible guarantor). A shareholder
may, at any time, change the amount and interval of withdrawal payments through
his or her DWR or other selected dealer account executive or by written
notification to the Transfer Agent. In addition, the party and/or the address to
which checks are mailed may be changed by written notification to the Transfer
Agent, with signature guarantees required in the manner described above. The
shareholder may also terminate the Withdrawal Plan at any time by written notice
to the Transfer Agent. In the event of such termination, the account will be
continued as a regular shareholder investment account. The shareholder may also
redeem all or part of the shares held in the Withdrawal Plan account (see
"Repurchases and Redemptions" in the Prospectus) at any time. Shareholders
wishing to enroll in the Withdrawal Plan should contact their account executive
or the Transfer Agent.
DIRECT INVESTMENTS THROUGH TRANSFER AGENT. As discussed in the Prospectus,
a shareholder may make additional investments in Fund shares at any time by
sending a check in any amount, not less than $100, payable to TCW/DW Latin
American Growth Fund, directly to the Fund's Transfer Agent. Such amounts will
be applied to the purchase of Fund shares at the net asset value per share next
computed after receipt of the check or purchase payment by the Transfer Agent.
The shares so purchased will be credited to the investor's account.
EXCHANGE PRIVILEGE
As discussed in the Prospectus, the Fund makes available to its shareholders
an Exchange Privilege whereby shareholders of the Fund may exchange their shares
for shares of other TCW/DW Funds sold with a contingent deferred sales charge
("CDSC Funds"), and TCW/DW North American Government Income Trust, TCW/DW Income
and Growth Fund, TCW/DW Balanced Fund and five money market funds for which
InterCapital serves as investment manager (the foregoing eight non-CDSC funds
are hereinafter collectively referred to in this Section as the "Exchange
Funds"). Exchanges may be made after the shares of the fund acquired by purchase
(not by exchange or dividend reinvestment) have been held for thirty days. There
is no waiting period for exchanges of shares acquired by exchange or dividend
reinvestment. An exchange will be treated for federal income tax purposes the
same as a repurchase or redemption of shares, on which the shareholder may
realize a capital gain or loss.
Shareholders utilizing the Fund's Exchange Privilege may subsequently
re-exchange such shares back to the Fund. However, no exchange privilege is
available between the Fund and any other fund managed by the Manager or
InterCapital, other than other TCW/DW Funds and the five money market funds
listed in the Prospectus.
Any new account established through the Exchange Privilege will have the
same registration and cash dividend or dividend reinvestment plan as the present
account, unless the Transfer Agent receives written
37
<PAGE>
notification to the contrary. For telephone exchanges, the exact registration of
the existing account and the account number must be provided.
Any shares held in certificate form cannot be exchanged but must be
forwarded to the Transfer Agent and deposited into the shareholder's account
before being eligible for exchange. (Certificates mailed in for deposit should
not be endorsed.)
As described below, and in the Prospectus under the captions "Exchange
Privilege" and "Contingent Deferred Sales Charge," a contingent deferred sales
charge ("CDSC") may be imposed upon a redemption, depending on a number of
factors, including the number of years from the time of purchase until the time
of redemption or exchange ("holding period"). When shares of the Fund or any
other CDSC Fund are exchanged for shares of an Exchange Fund, the exchange is
executed at no charge to the shareholder, without the imposition of the CDSC at
the time of the exchange. During the period of time the shareholder remains in
the Exchange Fund (calculated from the last day of the month in which shares
were acquired), the holding period or "year since purchase payment made" is
frozen. When shares are redeemed out of the Exchange Fund, they will be subject
to a CDSC which would be based upon the period of time the shareholder held
shares in the Fund. However, in the case of shares exchanged into an Exchange
Fund, upon a redemption of shares which results in a CDSC being imposed, a
credit (not to exceed the amount of the CDSC) will be given in an amount equal
to the Exchange Fund 12b-1 distribution fees which are attributable to those
shares. Shareholders acquiring shares of an Exchange Fund pursuant to this
exchange privilege may exchange those shares back into the Fund or any other
CDSC Fund from an Exchange Fund, with no charge being imposed on such exchange.
The holding period previously frozen when shares were first exchanged for shares
of an Exchange Fund resumes on the last day of the month in which shares of a
CDSC Fund are reacquired. A CDSC is imposed only upon an ultimate redemption,
based upon the time (calculated as described above) the shareholder was invested
in a CDSC Fund.
When shares initially purchased in a CDSC Fund are exchanged for shares of
an Exchange Fund, the date of purchase of the shares of the fund exchanged into,
for purposes of the CDSC upon redemption, will be the last day of the month in
which the shares being exchanged were originally purchased. In allocating the
purchase payments between funds for purposes of the CDSC the amount which
represents the current net asset value of shares at the time of the exchange
which were (i) purchased more than six years prior to the exchange and (ii)
originally acquired through reinvestment of dividends or distributions (all such
shares called "Free Shares") will be exchanged first. After an exchange, all
dividends earned on shares in the Exchange Fund will be considered Free Shares.
If the exchanged amount exceeds the value of such Free Shares, an exchange is
made, on a block-by-block basis, of non-Free Shares held for the longest period
of time. Shares equal to any appreciation in the value of non-Free Shares
exchanged will be treated as Free Shares, and the amount of the purchase
payments for the non-Free Shares of the fund exchanged into will be equal to the
lesser of (a) the purchase payments for, or (b) the current net asset value of,
the exchanged non-Free Shares. If an exchange between funds would result in
exchange of only part of a particular block of non-Free Shares, then shares
equal to any appreciation in the value of the block (up to the amount of the
exchange) will be treated as Free Shares and exchanged first, and the purchase
payment for the block will be allocated on a pro rata basis between the non-Free
Shares of that block to be retained and the non-Free Shares to be exchanged. The
prorated amount of such purchase payment attributable to the retained non-Free
Shares will remain as the purchase payment for such shares, and the amount of
purchase payment for the exchanged non-Free Shares will be equal to the lesser
of (a) the prorated amount of the purchase payment for, or (b) the current net
asset value of, those exchanged non-Free Shares. Based upon the procedures
described in the Prospectus under the caption "Contingent Deferred Sales
Charge," any applicable CDSC will be imposed upon the ultimate redemption of
shares of any fund, regardless of the number of exchanges since those shares
were originally purchased.
The Transfer Agent acts as agent for shareholders of the Fund in effecting
redemptions of Fund shares and in applying the proceeds to the purchase of other
fund shares. In the absence of negligence on its part, neither the Transfer
Agent nor the Fund shall be liable for any redemption of Fund shares caused by
unauthorized telephone or telegraph instructions. Accordingly, in such event the
investor shall bear the risk of loss. The staff of the Securities and Exchange
Commission is currently considering the propriety of such a policy.
38
<PAGE>
With respect to the redemption or repurchase of shares of the Fund, the
application of proceeds to the purchase of new shares in the Fund or any other
of the funds and the general administration of the Exchange Privilege, the
Transfer Agent acts as agent for the Distributor and for the shareholder's
selected broker-dealer, if any, in the performance of such functions.
With respect to exchanges, redemptions or repurchases, the Transfer Agent
shall be liable for its own negligence and not for the default or negligence of
its correspondents or for losses in transit. The Fund shall not be liable for
any default or negligence of the Transfer Agent, the Distributor or any selected
broker-dealer.
The Distributor and any selected broker-dealer have authorized and appointed
the Transfer Agent to act as their agent in connection with the application of
proceeds of any redemption of Fund shares to the purchase of shares of any other
fund and the general administration of the Exchange Privilege. No commission or
discounts will be paid to the Distributor or any selected broker-dealer for any
transactions pursuant to this Exchange Privilege.
Exchanges are subject to the minimum investment requirement and any other
conditions imposed by each fund. (The minimum initial investment is $5,000 for
Dean Witter Liquid Asset Fund Inc., Dean Witter Tax-Free Daily Income Trust,
Dean Witter New York Municipal Money Market Trust and Dean Witter California
Tax-Free Daily Income Trust, although those funds may, at their discretion,
accept initial investments of as low as $1,000. The minimum initial investment
for Dean Witter U.S. Government Money Market Trust and all TCW/DW Funds is
$1,000.) Upon exchange into an Exchange Fund, the shares of the fund will be
held in a special Exchange Privilege Account separately from accounts of those
shareholders who have acquired their shares directly from that fund. As a
result, certain services normally available to shareholders of money market
funds, including the check writing feature, will not be available for funds held
in that account.
The Fund, each of the other TCW/DW Funds and and each of the money market
funds may limit the number of times this Exchange Privilege may be exercised by
any investor within a specified period of time. Also, the Exchange Privilege may
be terminated or revised at any time by the Fund and/or any of the funds for
which shares of the Fund have been exchanged, upon such notice as may be
required by applicable regulatory agencies (presently sixty days for termination
or material revision), provided that six months prior written notice of
termination will be given to the shareholders who hold shares of the Exchange
Funds, pursuant to this Exchange Privilege, and provided further that the
Exchange Privilege may be terminated or materially revised without notice at
times (a) when the New York Stock Exchange is closed for other than customary
weekends and holidays, (b) when trading on that Exchange is restricted, (c) when
an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of securities
owned by it is not reasonably practicable or it is not reasonably practicable
for the Fund fairly to determine the value of its net assets, (d) during any
other period when the Securities and Exchange Commission by order so permits
(provided that applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange
Commission shall govern as to whether the conditions prescribed in (b) or (c)
exist) or (e) if the Fund would be unable to invest amounts effectively in
accordance with its investment objective, policies and restrictions.
The current prospectus for each fund describes its investment objective(s)
and policies, and shareholders should obtain a copy and examine it carefully
before investing. An exchange will be treated for federal income tax purposes
the same as a repurchase or redemption of shares, on which the shareholder may
realize a capital gain or loss. However, the ability to deduct capital losses on
an exchange may be limited in situations where there is an exchange of shares
within ninety days after the shares are purchased. The Exchange Privilege is
only available in states where an exchange may legally be made.
For further information regarding the Exchange Privilege, shareholders
should contact their DWR or other selected broker-dealer account executive or
the Transfer Agent.
REPURCHASES AND REDEMPTIONS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
REDEMPTION. As stated in the Prospectus, shares of the Fund can be redeemed
for cash at any time at the net asset value per share next determined; however,
such redemption proceeds may be reduced by the amount of any applicable
contingent deferred sales charges (see below). If shares are held in a
shareholder's account
39
<PAGE>
without a share certificate, a written request for redemption to the Fund's
Transfer Agent at P.O. Box 983, Jersey City, NJ 07303 is required. If
certificates are held by the shareholder, the shares may be redeemed by
surrendering the certificates with a written request for redemption. The share
certificate, or an accompanying stock power, and the request for redemption,
must be signed by the shareholder or shareholders exactly as the shares are
registered. Each request for redemption, whether or not accompanied by a share
certificate, must be sent to the Fund's Transfer Agent, which will redeem the
shares at their net asset value next computed (see "Purchase of Fund Shares")
after it receives the request, and certificate, if any, in good order. Any
redemption request received after such computation will be redeemed at the next
determined net asset value. The term "good order" means that the share
certificate, if any, and request for redemption are properly signed, accompanied
by any documentation required by the Transfer Agent, and bear signature
guarantees when required by the Fund or the Transfer Agent. If redemption is
requested by a corporation, partnership, trust or fiduciary, the Transfer Agent
may require that written evidence of authority acceptable to the Transfer Agent
be submitted before such request is accepted.
Whether certificates are held by the shareholder or shares are held in a
shareholder's account, if the proceeds are to be paid to any person other than
the record owner, or if the proceeds are to be paid to a corporation (other than
the Distributor or a selected broker-dealer for the account of the shareholder),
partnership, trust or fiduciary, or sent to the shareholder at an address other
than the registered address, signatures must be guaranteed by an eligible
guarantor acceptable to the Transfer Agent (shareholders should contact the
Transfer Agent for a determination as to whether a particular institution is
such an eligible guarantor). A stock power may be obtained from any dealer or
commercial bank. The Fund may change the signature guarantee requirements from
time to time upon notice to shareholders, which may be by means of a revised
prospectus.
CONTINGENT DEFERRED SALES CHARGE. As stated in the Prospectus, a contingent
deferred sales charge ("CDSC") will be imposed on any redemption by an investor
if after such redemption the current value of the investor's shares of the Fund
is less than the dollar amount of all payments by the shareholder for the
purchase of Fund shares during the preceding six years. However, no CDSC will be
imposed to the extent that the net asset value of the shares redeemed does not
exceed: (a) the current net asset value of shares purchased more than six years
prior to the redemption, plus (b) the current net asset value of shares
purchased through reinvestment of dividends or distributions of the Fund or
another TCW/DW Fund (see "Shareholder Services -- Targeted Dividends"), plus (c)
increases in the net asset value of the investor's shares above the total amount
of payments for the purchase of Fund shares made during the preceding six years.
The CDSC will be paid to the Distributor.
In determining the applicability of a CDSC to each redemption, the amount
which represents an increase in the net asset value of the investor's shares
above the amount of the total payments for the purchase of shares within the
last six years will be redeemed first. In the event the redemption amount
exceeds such increase in value, the next portion of the amount redeemed will be
the amount which represents the net asset value of the investor's shares
purchased more than six years prior to the redemption and/or shares purchased
through reinvestment of dividends or distributions. A portion of the amount
redeemed which exceeds an amount which represents both such increase in value
and the value of shares purchased more than six years prior to the redemption
and/or shares purchased through reinvestment of dividends or distributions will
be subject to a CDSC.
40
<PAGE>
The amount of the CDSC, if any, will vary depending on the number of years
from the time of payment for the purchase of Fund shares until the time of
redemption of such shares. For purposes of determining the number of years from
the time of any payment for the purchase of shares, all payments made during a
month will be aggregated and deemed to have been made on the last day of the
month. The following table sets forth the rates of the CDSC:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CONTINGENT DEFERRED
YEAR SINCE SALES CHARGE
PURCHASE AS A PERCENTAGE OF
PAYMENT MADE AMOUNT REDEEMED
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------
<S> <C>
First..................................................................... 5.0%
Second.................................................................... 4.0%
Third..................................................................... 3.0%
Fourth.................................................................... 2.0%
Fifth..................................................................... 2.0%
Sixth..................................................................... 1.0%
Seventh and thereafter.................................................... None
</TABLE>
In determining the rate of the CDSC, it will be assumed that a redemption is
made of shares held by the investor for the longest period of time within the
applicable six-year period. This will result in any such CDSC being imposed at
the lowest possible rate. Accordingly, shareholders may redeem, without
incurring any CDSC, amounts equal to any net increase in the value of their
shares above the amount of their purchase payments made within the past six
years and amounts equal to the current value of shares purchased more than six
years prior to the redemption and shares purchased through reinvestment of
dividends or distributions. The CDSC will be imposed, in accordance with the
table shown above, on any redemptions within six years of purchase which are in
excess of these amounts and which redemptions are not (a) requested within one
year of death or initial determination of disability of a shareholder, or (b)
made pursuant to certain taxable distributions from retirement plans or
retirement accounts, as described in the Prospectus.
PAYMENT FOR SHARES REPURCHASED OR REDEEMED. As discussed in the Prospectus,
payment for shares presented for repurchase or redemption will be made by check
within seven days after receipt by the Transfer Agent of the certificate and/or
written request in good order. The term good order means that the share
certificate, if any, and request for redemption are properly signed, accompanied
by any documentation required by the Transfer Agent, and bear signature
guarantees when required by the Fund or the Transfer Agent. Such payment may be
postponed or the right of redemption suspended at times (a) when the New York
Stock Exchange is closed for other than customary weekends and holidays, (b)
when trading on that Exchange is restricted, (c) when an emergency exists as a
result of which disposal by the Fund of securities owned by it is not reasonably
practicable or it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund fairly to determine
the value of its net assets, or (d) during any other period when the Securities
and Exchange Commission by order so permits; provided that applicable rules and
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission shall govern as to whether
the conditions prescribed in (b) or (c) exist. If the shares to be redeemed have
recently been purchased by check, payment of the redemption proceeds may be
delayed for the minimum time needed to verify that the check used for investment
has been honored (not more than fifteen days from the time of receipt of the
check by the Transfer Agent). Shareholders maintaining margin accounts with DWR
or another selected broker-dealer are referred to their account executive
regarding restrictions on redemption of shares of the Fund pledged in the margin
account.
TRANSFERS OF SHARES. In the event a shareholder requests a transfer of any
shares to a new registration, such shares will be transferred without sales
change at the time of transfer. With regard to the status of shares which are
either subject to the contingent deferred sales charge or free of such charge
(and with regard to the length of time shares subject to the charge have been
held), any transfer involving less than all of the shares in an account will be
made on a pro-rata basis (that is, by transferring shares in the same proportion
that the transferred shares bear to the total shares in the account immediately
prior to the transfer). The transferred shares will continue to be subject to
any applicable contingent deferred sales charge as if they had not been so
transferred.
41
<PAGE>
REINSTATEMENT PRIVILEGE. As discussed in the Prospectus, a shareholder who
has had his or her shares redeemed or repurchased and has not previously
exercised this reinstatement privilege may within 30 days after the date of
redemption or repurchase reinstate any portion of all of the proceeds of such
redemption or repurchase in shares of the Fund at the net asset value next
determined after a reinstatement request, together with such proceeds, is
received by the Transfer Agent.
Exercise of the reinstatement privilege will not affect the federal income
tax treatment of any gain or loss realized upon the redemption or repurchase,
except that if the redemption or repurchase, resulted in a loss and
reinstatement is made in shares of the Fund, some or all of the loss, depending
on the amount reinstated, will not be allowed as a deduction for federal income
tax purposes, but will be applied to adjust the cost basis of the shares
acquired upon reinstatement.
DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Fund intends to continue to qualify and elect to be treated as a
regulated investment company for each taxable year under the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986 (the "Code"). To so qualify, the Fund must meet certain
requirements as to the nature of its income and the nature of its assets.
As a regulated investment company, the Fund will not be subject to United
States federal income tax on its income that it distributes to its shareholders,
provided that an amount equal to at least 90% of its investment company taxable
income (i.e., 90% of its taxable income minus the excess, if any, of its net
realized long-term capital gains over its net realized short-term capital losses
(including any capital loss carryovers), plus or minus certain other adjustments
as specified in section 852 of the Code) for the taxable year is distributed,
but will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on any income or gains
that it does not distribute. Furthermore, the Fund will be subject to a United
States corporate income tax with respect to such distributed amounts in any year
that it fails to qualify as a regulated investment company or fails to meet this
distribution requirement.
Gains or losses on the Fund's transactions in certain listed options on
securities and on futures and options on futures traded on U.S. exchanges
generally are treated as 60% long-term gain or loss and 40% short-term gain or
loss. When the Fund engages in options and futures transactions, various tax
regulations applicable to the Fund may have the effect of causing the Fund to
recognize a gain or loss for tax purposes before that gain or loss is realized,
or to defer recognition of a realized loss for tax purposes. Recognition, for
tax purposes, of an unrealized loss may result in a lesser amount of the Fund's
realized net gains being available for distribution.
As a regulated investment company, the Fund is subject to the requirement
that less than 30% of its gross income be derived from the sale of certain
investments held for less than three months. This requirement may limit the
Fund's ability to engage in options and futures transactions and to engage in a
large number of short-term transactions.
As discussed in the Prospectus, the Fund will determine either to distribute
or to retain all or part of any net long-term capital gains in any year for
reinvestment. If any such gains are retained, the Fund expects to designate such
retained amounts as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders
who (a) will be required to include in income for United States federal income
tax purposes, as long-term capital gains, their proportionate shares of the
undistributed amount, (b) will be entitled to credit their proportionate shares
of the 35% tax paid by the Fund on the undistributed amount against their United
States federal income tax liabilities, if any, and to claim refunds to the
extent their credits exceed their liabilities, if any, and (c) will be entitled
to increase their tax basis, for United States federal income tax purposes, in
their shares by an amount equal to 65% of the amount of undistributed capital
gains included in the shareholder's income.
The Code imposes a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the Fund to the extent the
Fund does not distribute by the end of any calendar year at least 98% of its net
investment income for that year and 98% of the net amount of its capital gains
(both long- and short-term) for the one-year period ending, as a general rule,
on October 31 of that year. For this purpose, however, any income or gain
retained by the Fund that is subject to corporate income tax will be considered
to have been distributed by year-end. The Fund anticipates that it will pay such
dividends and will make such distributions as are necessary in order to avoid
the application of this tax.
42
<PAGE>
Gains or losses on sales of securities by the Fund will be long-term capital
gains or losses if the securities have been held by the Fund for more than
twelve months. Gains or losses on the sale of securities held for twelve months
or less will be short-term gains or losses.
Any dividend or capital gains distribution received by a shareholder from
any investment company will have the effect of reducing the net asset value of
the shareholder's stock in that company by the exact amount of the dividend or
capital gains distribution. Furthermore, capital gains distributions and
dividends are subject to federal income taxes. If the net asset value of the
shares should be reduced below a shareholder's cost as a result of the payment
of dividends or the distribution of realized net long-term capital gains, such
payment or distribution would be in part a return of the shareholder's
investment to the extent of such reduction below the shareholder's cost, but
nonetheless would be fully taxable at either ordinary or capital gain rates.
Therefore, an investor should consider the tax implications of purchasing Fund
shares immediately prior to a dividend or distribution record date.
Dividends, interest and capital gains received by the Fund may give rise to
withholding and other taxes imposed by foreign countries. Tax conventions
between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such
taxes. Investors may be entitled to claim United States foreign tax credits with
respect to such taxes, subject to certain provisions and limitations contained
in the Internal Revenue Code. If more than 50% of the Fund's total assets at the
close of its fiscal year consist of securities of foreign corporations, the Fund
would be eligible and would determine whether or not to file an election with
the Internal Revenue Service pursuant to which shareholders of the Fund will be
required to include their respective pro rata portions of such withholding taxes
in their United States income tax returns as gross income, treat such respective
pro rata portions as taxes paid by them, and deduct such respective pro rata
portions in computing their taxable income or, alternatively, use them as
foreign tax credits against their United States income taxes. If the Fund does
elect to file the election with the Internal Revenue Service, the Fund will
report annually to its shareholders the amount per share of such withholding.
SPECIAL RULES FOR CERTAIN FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS. In general, gains
from foreign currencies and forward foreign exchange contracts relating to
investments in stock, securities or foreign currencies are currently considered
to be qualifying income for purposes of determining whether the Fund qualifies
as a regulated investment company. It is currently unclear, however, who will be
treated as the issuer of certain foreign currency instruments or how foreign
currency contracts will be valued for purposes of the regulated investment
company diversification requirements applicable to the Fund. Until such time as
these uncertainties are resolved, the Fund will utilize the more conservative,
or limiting, definition or approach with respect to determining permissible
investments in the Fund's portfolio.
Under Code Section 988, special rules are provided for certain transactions
in a foreign currency other than the taxpayer's functional currency (I.E.,
unless certain special rules apply, currencies other than the U.S. dollar). In
general, foreign currency gains or losses from forward contracts will be treated
as ordinary income or loss under Code Section 988. Also, certain foreign
exchange gains or losses derived with respect to foreign fixed-income securities
are also subject to Section 988 treatment. In general, therefore, Code Section
988 gains or losses will increase or decrease the amount of the Fund's
investment company taxable income available to be distributed to shareholders as
ordinary income, rather than increasing or decreasing the amount of the Fund's
net capital gain. Additionally, if Code Section 988 losses exceed other
investment company taxable income during a taxable year, the Fund would not be
able to make any ordinary dividend distributions.
Exchange control regulations may restrict repatriations of investment income
and capital or the proceeds of securities sales by foreign investors such as the
Fund and may limit the Fund's ability to pay sufficient dividends and to make
sufficient distributions to satisfy the 90% and excise tax distribution
requirements.
The Fund's transactions, if any, in foreign currencies, forward contracts,
options and futures contracts (including options and futures contracts on
foreign currencies) may be subject to special provisions of the Code that, among
other things, may affect the character of gains and losses realized by the Fund
(i.e., may affect whether gains or losses are ordinary or capital), accelerate
recognition of income to the Fund and defer Fund losses. These rules could
therefore affect the character, amount and timing of distributions to
shareholders. These rules also (a) could require the Fund to market-to-market
certain types of the positions in its portfolio
43
<PAGE>
(i.e., treat them as if they were closed out) and (b) may cause the Fund to
recognize income without receiving cash with which to pay dividends or make
distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the distribution requirements for
avoiding income and excise taxes.
The Fund may be subject to taxes in foreign countries in which it invests.
If the Fund invests in an entity which is classified as a "passive foreign
investment company" ("PFIC") for U.S. tax purposes, the application of certain
technical tax provisions applying to such companies could result in the
imposition of federal income tax with respect to such investments at the Fund
level which could not be eliminated by distributions to shareholders. It is not
anticipated that any taxes on the Fund with respect to investments in PFICs
would be significant.
Shareholders are urged to consult their attorneys or tax advisers regarding
specific questions as to federal, state or local taxes.
Distributions in excess of the Fund's current and accumulated earnings and
profits will, as to each shareholder, be treated as a tax-free return of
capital, to the extent of a shareholder's basis in his or her shares of the
Fund, and as a capital gain thereafter (if the shareholder held his shares of
the Fund as capital assets).
Shareholders receiving dividends or distributions in the form of additional
Fund shares should be treated for United States federal income tax purposes as
receiving a distribution in an amount equal to the amount of money that the
shareholders receiving cash dividends or distributions will receive, and should
have a cost basis in the shares received equal to such amount.
Any loss realized on the redemption by a shareholder of his shares will be
disallowed to the extent the shares disposed of are replaced, including
replacement through the reinvesting of dividends and capital gains distributions
in the Fund, within a period (of 61 days) beginning 30 days before and ending 30
days after the disposition of the shares. In such a case, the basis of the
shares acquired will be increased to reflect the disallowed loss. Any loss
realized by a shareholder on the sale of a Fund share held by the shareholder
for six months or less will be treated for United States income tax purposes as
a long-term capital loss to the extent of any distributions or deemed
distributions of long-term capital gains received by the shareholder with
respect to such share.
Distributions may also be subject to state, local and foreign taxes
depending on each shareholder's particular situation.
The foregoing discussion is a general summary of certain of the current
Federal income tax laws regarding the Fund and investors. The discussion does
not purport to deal with all of the Federal income tax consequences applicable
to the Fund, or to all categories of investors, some of which may be subject to
special rules. Investors should consult their own tax advisors regarding the tax
consequences to them of investments in shares of the Fund.
PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As discussed in the Prospectus, from time to time the Fund may quote its
"total return" in advertisements and sales literature. The Fund's "average
annual total return" represents an annualization of the Fund's total return over
a particular period and is computed by finding the annual percentage rate which
will result in the ending redeemable value of a hypothetical $1,000 investment
made at the beginning of a one, five or ten year period, or for the period from
the date of commencement of the Fund's operations, if shorter than any of the
foregoing. The ending redeemable value is reduced by any contingent deferred
sales charge at the end of the one, five or ten year or other period. For the
purpose of this calculation, it is assumed that all dividends and distributions
are reinvested. The formula for computing the average annual total return
involves a percentage obtained by dividing the ending redeemable value by the
amount of the initial investment, taking a root of the quotient (where the root
is equivalent to the number of years in the period) and subtracting 1 from the
result. The average annual total returns for the Fund for the fiscal year ended
January 31, 1996 and for the period from December 30, 1992 (commencement of
operations) through January 31, 1996 were -3.61% and -1.12%, respectively.
44
<PAGE>
In addition to the foregoing, the Fund may advertise its total return over
different periods of time by means of aggregate, year-by-year or other types of
total return figures. Such calculations may or may not reflect the deduction of
the contingent deferred sales charge which, if reflected, would reduce the
performance quoted. For example, the average annual total return of the Fund may
be calculated in the manner described above, but without deduction for any
applicable contingent deferred sales charge. Based on this calculation, the
Fund's average annual total returns for the fiscal year ended January 31, 1996
and for the period from December 30, 1992 through January 31, 1996 were 1.39%
and -0.50%, respectively.
In addition, the Fund may compute its aggregate total return for specified
periods by determining the aggregate percentage rate which will result in the
ending value of a hypothetical $1,000 investment made at the beginning of the
period. For the purpose of this calculation, it is assumed that all dividends
and distributions are reinvested. The formula for computing aggregate total
return involves a percentage obtained by dividing the ending value (without the
reduction for any contingent deferred sales charge) by the initial $1,000
investment and subtracting 1 from the result. Based on the foregoing
calculation, the Fund's total returns for the fiscal year ended January 31, 1996
and for the period from December 30, 1992 through January 31, 1996 were 1.39%
and -1.53%, respectively.
The Fund may also advertise the growth of hypothetical investments of
$10,000, $50,000 and $100,000 in shares of the Fund by adding 1 to the Fund's
aggregate total return (expressed as a decimal and without reduction for any
contingent deferred sales charges) and multiplying by $10,000, $50,000 or
$100,000, as the case may be. Investments of $10,000, $50,000 and $100,000 in
the Fund at inception would have declined to $9,847, $49,235 and $98,470 at
January 31, 1996.
The Fund from time to time may also advertise its performance relative to
certain performance rankings and indices compiled by independent organizations.
DESCRIPTION OF SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The shareholders of the Fund are entitled to a full vote for each full share
held. The Trustees have been elected by InterCapital in September, 1992 as the
then sole shareholder of the Fund. The Trustees themselves have the power to
alter the number and the terms of office of the Trustees, and they may at any
time lengthen their own terms or make their terms of unlimited duration and
appoint their own successors, provided that always at least a majority of the
Trustees has been elected by the shareholders of the Fund. Under certain
circumstances the Trustees may be removed by action of the Trustees. The
shareholders also have the right to remove the Trustees following a meeting
called for that purpose requested in writing by the record holders of not less
than ten percent of the Fund's outstanding shares. The voting rights of
shareholders are not cumulative, so that holders of more than 50 percent of the
shares voting can, if they choose, elect all Trustees being selected, while the
holders of the remaining shares would be unable to elect any Trustees.
The Declaration of Trust permits the Trustees to authorize the creation of
additonal series of shares (the proceeds of which would be invested in separate,
independently managed portfolios) and additional classes of shares within any
series (which would be used to distinguish among the rights of different
categories of shareholders, as might be required by future regulations or other
unforeseen circumstances). However, the Trustees have not authorized any such
additional series or classes of shares.
The Declaration of Trust provides that no Trustee, officer, employee or
agent of the Fund is liable to the Fund or to a shareholder, nor is any Trustee,
officer, employee or agent liable to any third persons in connection with the
affairs of the Fund, except as such liability may arise from his own bad faith,
willful misfeasance, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of his duties. It
also provides that all third persons shall look solely to the Fund's property
for satisfaction of claims arising in connection with the affairs of the Fund.
With the exceptions stated, the Declaration of Trust provides that a Trustee,
officer, employee or agent is entitled to be indemnified against all liabilities
in connection with the affairs of the Fund.
The Fund is authorized to issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial
interest. The Fund shall be of unlimited duration subject to the provisions of
the Declaration of Trust concerning termination by action of the shareholders.
45
<PAGE>
CUSTODIAN AND TRANSFER AGENT
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Chase Manhattan Bank N.A., One Chase Plaza, New York, New York 10005 is
the Custodian of the Fund's assets. The Chase Manhattan Bank has contracted with
various foreign banks and depositaries to hold securities of Latin American
issuers on behalf of the Fund. Any of the Fund's cash balances with the
Custodian in excess of $100,000 are unprotected by federal deposit insurance.
Such balances may, at times, be substantial.
Dean Witter Trust Company, Harborside Financial Center, Plaza Two, Jersey
City, New Jersey 07311 is the Transfer Agent of the Fund's shares and Dividend
Disbursing Agent for payment of dividends and distributions on Fund shares and
Agent for shareholders under various investment plans described herein. Dean
Witter Trust Company is an affiliate of Dean Witter Services Company Inc., the
Fund's Manager, and of Dean Witter Distributors Inc., the Fund's Distributor. As
Transfer Agent and Dividend Disbursing Agent, Dean Witter Trust Company's
responsibilities include maintaining shareholder accounts, including providing
subaccounting and recordkeeping services for certain retirement accounts;
disbursing cash dividends and reinvesting dividends; processing account
registration changes; handling purchase and redemption transactions; mailing
prospectuses and reports; mailing and tabulating proxies; processing share
certificate transactions; and maintaining shareholder records and lists. For
these services Dean Witter Trust Company receives a per shareholder account fee.
INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Price Waterhouse LLP serves as the independent accountants of the Fund. The
independent accountants are responsible for auditing the annual financial
statements of the Fund.
REPORTS TO SHAREHOLDERS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Fund will send to shareholders, at least semi-annually, reports showing
the Fund's portfolio and other information. An annual report containing
financial statements audited by independent accountants will be sent to
shareholders each year.
The Fund's fiscal year ends on January 31. The financial statements of the
Fund must be audited at least once a year by independent accountants whose
selection is made annually by the Fund's Board of Trustees.
LEGAL COUNSEL
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sheldon Curtis, Esq., who is an officer and the General Counsel of the
Manager, is an officer and the General Counsel of the Fund.
EXPERTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The financial statements of the Fund included in this Statement of
Additional Information and incorporated by reference into the Prospectus have
been so included and incorporated in reliance on the report of Price Waterhouse
LLP, independent accountants, given on the authority of said firm as experts in
auditing and accounting.
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This Statement of Additional Information and the Prospectus do not contain
all of the information set forth in the Registration Statement the Fund has
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The complete Registration
Statement may be obtained from the Securities and Exchange Commission upon
payment of the fee prescribed by the rules and regulations of the Commission.
46
<PAGE>
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
To the Shareholders and Trustees of TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund
In our opinion, the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities, including
the portfolio of investments, and the related statements of operations and of
changes in net assets and the financial highlights present fairly, in all
material respects, the financial position of TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund
(the "Fund") at January 31, 1996, the results of its operations for the year
then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of the two years in the
period then ended and the financial highlights for each of the three years in
the period then ended and for the period December 30, 1992 (commencement of
operations) through January 31, 1993, in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles. These financial statements and financial highlights
(hereafter referred to as "financial statements") are the responsibility of the
Fund's management; our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these
financial statements in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards
which require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance
about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An
audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and
disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles
used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits, which included
confirmation of securities at January 31, 1996 by correspondence with the
custodian and brokers and the application of alternative auditing procedures
where confirmations from brokers were not received, provide a reasonable basis
for the opinion expressed above.
PRICE WATERHOUSE LLP
1177 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10036
March 13, 1996
47
<PAGE>
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS JANUARY 31, 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SHARES VALUE
- --------------- -------------
<C> <S> <C>
COMMON AND PREFERRED STOCKS, AND RIGHTS (98.2%)
ARGENTINA (11.9%)
AUTOMOTIVE
122,800 Ciadea S.A.*.................... $ 644,764
-------------
BANKS
93,976 Banco de Galicia y Buenos Aires
S.A. (ADR).................... 2,408,135
63,905 Banco Frances del Rio de la
Plata S.A. (ADR).............. 1,869,221
-------------
4,277,356
-------------
BUILDING & CONSTRUCTION
136,479 Juan Minetti S.A................ 584,189
-------------
FOOD, BEVERAGE, TOBACCO & HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS
47,040 Buenos Aires Embotelladera S.A.
(ADR)......................... 999,600
160,966 Molinos Rio de la Plata S.A.*... 1,456,888
93,034 Nobleza Piccardo S.A............ 370,312
-------------
2,826,800
-------------
MULTI-INDUSTRY
1,391,976 Companhia Naviera Perez Compac
S.A.C.F.I.M.F.A............... 8,784,247
286,800 Sociedad Commercial del Plata
S.A........................... 1,003,900
-------------
9,788,147
-------------
OIL & GAS
559,610 Astra Compania Argentina de
Petroleo S.A.................. 1,080,155
93,650 Transportadora de Gas del Sur
S.A. (ADR).................... 1,182,331
-------------
2,262,486
-------------
OIL RELATED
143,399 Yacimientos Petroliferos
Fiscales S.A. (ADR)........... 3,244,402
-------------
REAL ESTATE
242,078 Inversiones y Representacion
S.A. (Class B)................ 702,096
-------------
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
256,103 Telecom Argentina Stet - France
Telecom S.A................... 1,360,043
25,900 Telecom Argentina Stet - France
Telecom S.A. (ADR)............ 1,382,413
124,925 Telefonica de Argentina S.A.
(ADR)......................... 3,997,600
-------------
6,740,056
-------------
TOTAL ARGENTINA................. 31,070,296
-------------
<CAPTION>
SHARES VALUE
- --------------- -------------
<C> <S> <C>
BRAZIL (31.6%)
BANKING
532,756,084 Banco Bradesco S.A. (Pref.)..... $ 6,101,092
11,437,453 Banco Bradesco S.A. (Rights)*... 50,287
4,700,200 Banco Itau S.A. (Pref.)......... 1,634,016
-------------
7,785,395
-------------
BREWERY
16,681,964 Companhia Cervejaria Brahma
(Pref.)*...................... 8,127,767
-------------
BUILDING MATERIALS
120,000 Companhia Cimento Portland Itau
(Pref.)....................... 33,742
9,000,000 Duratex S.A. (Pref.)............ 409,509
-------------
443,251
-------------
FINANCIAL SERVICES
2,807,000 Itausa Investimentos Itau S.A.
(Pref.)....................... 1,894,294
-------------
FOOD, BEVERAGE, TOBACCO & HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS
1,760,000 Brasmotor S.A. (Pref.).......... 487,689
118,500 Companhia Souza Cruz Industria
de Comercio S.A............... 884,509
127,137,939 Refrigeracao Parana S.A......... 337,995
-------------
1,710,193
-------------
MACHINERY - DIVERSIFIED
3,190 Bardella S.A. Industrias
Mecanicas (Pref.)............. 260,941
3,126,200 Confab Industrial S.A.
(Pref.)....................... 1,246,644
-------------
1,507,585
-------------
METALS & MINING
28,282,300 Companhia Vale do Rio Doce S.A.
(Pref.)....................... 4,886,939
-------------
PAPER & FOREST PRODUCTS
207,598 Industria Klabin de Papel e
Celulose (Pref.).............. 220,759
-------------
RETAIL - DEPARTMENT STORES
35,191,300 Lojas Americanas S.A. (Pref.)... 813,214
-------------
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
49,422,000 Telecomunicacoes Brasileiras
S.A........................... 2,147,684
358,443,140 Telecomunicacoes Brasileiras
S.A.
(Pref.)......................... 19,974,592
68,305,300 Telecomunicacoes de Sao Paulo
S.A. (Pref.)*................. 12,564,543
-------------
34,686,819
-------------
TEXTILES
2,120,600 Companhia de Tecidos Norte de
Minas......................... 921,529
-------------
</TABLE>
48
<PAGE>
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS JANUARY 31, 1996 (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SHARES VALUE
- --------------- -------------
<C> <S> <C>
UTILITIES - ELECTRIC
19,372,338 Centrais Electricas Brasileiras
S.A. (ADR).................... $ 5,902,819
30,526,403 Centrais Electricas Brasileiras
S.A. (Pref.).................. 9,207,862
93,456 Companhia Energetica de Minas
Gerais* (ADR) - 144A**........ 2,324,718
4,710,900 Light Participacoes S.A......... 435,999
4,710,900 Light-Servicos de Electricidade
S.A........................... 1,517,314
-------------
19,388,712
-------------
TOTAL BRAZIL.................... 82,386,457
-------------
CHILE (13.2%)
BUILDING & CONSTRUCTION
88,700 Madeco S.A. (ADR)............... 2,394,900
129,906 Maderas y Sinteticos Sociedad
Anonima Masisa (ADR).......... 2,581,882
-------------
4,976,782
-------------
CHEMICALS
26,900 Quimica y Minera Chile S.A.
(ADR)......................... 1,334,913
-------------
FOOD, BEVERAGE, TOBACCO & HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS
91,945 Compania Cervecerias Unidas S.A.
(ADR)......................... 1,838,900
94,140 Embotelladora Andina S.A.
(ADR)......................... 3,271,365
-------------
5,110,265
-------------
INVESTMENT COMPANIES
84,525 Genesis Chile Fund Ltd.......... 3,592,313
1,624,300 The Five Arrows Chile Investment
Trust Ltd..................... 4,742,956
-------------
8,335,269
-------------
RETAIL - DEPARTMENT STORES
102,800 Santa Isabel S.A. (ADR)......... 2,351,550
-------------
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
29,200 Compania de Telecomunicaciones
de Chile S.A. (ADR)........... 2,339,650
-------------
UTILITIES - ELECTRIC
41,100 Chilectra S.A. (ADR)............ 2,191,164
100,400 Chilgener S.A. (ADR)............ 2,359,400
94,100 Empresa Nacional de Electricidad
Chile S.A. (ADS).............. 1,905,525
133,304 Enersis S.A. (ADR).............. 3,665,860
-------------
10,121,949
-------------
TOTAL CHILE..................... 34,570,378
-------------
<CAPTION>
SHARES VALUE
- --------------- -------------
<C> <S> <C>
COLOMBIA (4.7%)
BANKING
291,763 Banco de Bogota................. $ 1,356,442
61,000 Banco Industrial Colombiano
(ADR)......................... 1,090,375
-------------
2,446,817
-------------
BUILDING & CONSTRUCTION
85,400 Cementos Diamante S.A. (ADR) -
144A**........................ 2,022,955
483,887 Compania de Cementos Argos
S.A........................... 2,815,600
-------------
4,838,555
-------------
FINANCIAL SERVICES
138,980 Compania Suramericana de Seguros
S.A........................... 2,492,429
-------------
FOOD, BEVERAGE, TOBACCO & HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS
171,052 Compania Nacional de Chocolates
S.A........................... 1,283,724
-------------
RETAIL
428,100 Almacenes Exito S.A............. 1,251,754
-------------
TOTAL COLOMBIA.................. 12,313,279
-------------
MEXICO (32.3%)
AUTOMOTIVE
56,440 Corporacion Industrial San Luis
S.A. de C. V. (Units)++....... 312,874
4,896,000 Industria Automotriz S.A. (B
Shares)*...................... 731,739
-------------
1,044,613
-------------
BANKING
935,500 Grupo Financiero Inbursa S.A. de
C.V. (B Shares)............... 3,171,294
-------------
BUILDING & CONSTRUCTION
142,600 Empresas ICA Sociedad
Controladora S.A. de C.V.
(ADR)......................... 1,925,100
-------------
BUILDING MATERIALS
86,000 Apasco S.A. de C.V.............. 448,696
1,700,700 Cemex S.A. de C.V. (B Shares)... 6,955,308
882,080 Grupo Cementos de Chihuahua S.A.
de C.V........................ 738,263
-------------
8,142,267
-------------
CONGLOMERATES
1,456,899 Grupo Carso S.A. de C.V.*....... 10,115,155
599,341 Grupo Industria Alfa S.A. de
C.V. (A Shares)............... 8,102,504
-------------
18,217,659
-------------
</TABLE>
49
<PAGE>
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS JANUARY 31, 1996 (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SHARES VALUE
- --------------- -------------
<C> <S> <C>
FOOD, BEVERAGE, TOBACCO & HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS
14,400 Coca Cola FEMSA S.A. de C.V.
(ADR)......................... $ 361,800
74,100 Empresas la Moderna S.A. de C.V.
(ADR)......................... 1,333,800
778,400 Fomento Economico Mexicano S.A.
de C.V. (B Shares)............ 2,189,250
245,846 Gruma S.A. de C.V. (B Shares)... 800,002
385,300 Grupo Industrial Bimbo S.A. de
C.V. (Series A)............... 1,570,516
599,340 Grupo Industrial Maseca S.A. de
C.V. (B2 Shares).............. 433,219
839,800 Jugos de Valle S.A. de C.V. (B
Shares)....................... 1,198,084
71,070 Panamerican Beverages, Inc...... 2,807,265
-------------
10,693,936
-------------
MEDIA GROUP
175,000 Grupo Televisa S.A. (GDR)....... 4,921,875
-------------
METALS & MINING
277,984 Tubos de Acero de Mexico S.A. de
C.V. (ADR)*................... 2,258,620
-------------
MULTI-INDUSTRY
200,600 DESC S.A. de C.V. (Series B).... 812,212
-------------
PAPER & FOREST PRODUCTS
332,100 Kimberly-Clark de Mexico S.A. de
C.V. (A Shares)............... 5,572,602
-------------
RETAIL
5,099,118 Cifra S.A. de C.V. (C Shares)*.. 6,470,892
-------------
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
578,873 Telefonos de Mexico S.A. de C.V.
(Series L) (ADR).............. 19,609,323
-------------
<CAPTION>
SHARES VALUE
- --------------- -------------
<C> <S> <C>
TRANSPORTATION
176,500 Transportacion Maritima Mexicana
S.A. de C.V. (Series A)
(ADR)......................... $ 1,456,125
-------------
TOTAL MEXICO.................... 84,296,518
-------------
PERU (4.5%)
BREWERY
1,149,309 Cerveceria Backus & Johnston
S.A........................... 1,781,307
-------------
CHEMICALS
474,847 Explosivos S.A.................. 766,207
-------------
DISTRIBUTION
378,372 Enrique Ferreyros S.A........... 472,363
-------------
FINANCIAL SERVICES
139,095 Credicorp Ltd. (ADR)............ 2,573,258
-------------
METALS & MINING
134,825 Companhia de Minas Buenaventura
S.A. (C Shares)............... 1,061,425
-------------
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
2,270,420 CPT-Telefonica de Peru S.A. (B
Shares)....................... 5,051,805
-------------
TOTAL PERU...................... 11,706,365
-------------
VENEZUELA (0.0%)
UTILITIES - ELECTRIC
23,223 C.A. la Electricidad de Caracas
S.A.C.A....................... 18,301
-------------
TOTAL COMMON AND PREFERRED STOCKS,
AND RIGHTS (IDENTIFIED COST
$247,336,708)(A)................. 98.2% 256,361,594
CASH AND OTHER ASSETS IN EXCESS OF
LIABILITIES...................... 1.8 4,704,262
----- -----------
NET ASSETS......................... 100.0% $261,065,856
----- -----------
----- -----------
<FN>
- ------------------
ADR AMERICAN DEPOSITORY RECEIPT.
ADS AMERICAN DEPOSITORY SHARES.
GDR GLOBAL DEPOSITORY RECEIPT.
* NON-INCOME PRODUCING SECURITY.
** RESALE IS RESTRICTED TO QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS.
++ CONSISTS OF MORE THAN ONE CLASS OF SECURITIES TRADED TOGETHER AS A UNIT;
GENERALLY STOCKS WITH ATTACHED WARRANTS.
(A) THE AGGREGATE COST FOR FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES IS $255,416,965; THE
AGGREGATE GROSS UNREALIZED APPRECIATION IS $29,915,409 AND THE AGGREGATE
GROSS UNREALIZED DEPRECIATION IS $28,970,780, RESULTING IN NET UNREALIZED
APPRECIATION OF $944,629.
</TABLE>
SEE NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
50
<PAGE>
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
SUMMARY OF INVESTMENTS JANUARY 31, 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERCENT OF
INDUSTRY VALUE NET ASSETS
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ----------- -------------
<S> <C> <C>
Automotive................................................................................ $ 1,689,377 0.7%
Banking................................................................................... 13,403,506 5.1
Banks..................................................................................... 4,277,356 1.6
Brewery................................................................................... 9,909,074 3.8
Building & Construction................................................................... 12,324,626 4.7
Building Materials........................................................................ 8,585,518 3.3
Chemicals................................................................................. 2,101,120 0.8
Conglomerates............................................................................. 18,217,659 7.0
Distribution.............................................................................. 472,363 0.2
Financial Services........................................................................ 6,959,981 2.7
Food, Beverage, Tobacco & Household Products.............................................. 21,624,918 8.2
Investment Companies...................................................................... 8,335,269 3.2
Machinery - Diversified................................................................... 1,507,585 0.6
Media Group............................................................................... 4,921,875 1.9
Metals & Mining........................................................................... 8,206,984 3.1
Multi-Industry............................................................................ 10,600,359 4.1
Oil & Gas................................................................................. 2,262,486 0.9
Oil Related............................................................................... 3,244,402 1.2
Paper & Forest Products................................................................... 5,793,361 2.2
Real Estate............................................................................... 702,096 0.3
Retail.................................................................................... 7,722,646 2.9
Retail - Department Stores................................................................ 3,164,764 1.2
Telecommunications........................................................................ 68,427,653 26.2
Textiles.................................................................................. 921,529 0.4
Transportation............................................................................ 1,456,125 0.6
Utilities - Electric...................................................................... 29,528,962 11.3
----------- ---
$256,361,594 98.2%
----------- ---
----------- ---
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERCENT OF
TYPE OF INVESTMENT VALUE NET ASSETS
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ----------- -------------
<S> <C> <C>
Common Stocks............................................................................. $188,447,704 72.2%
Preferred Stocks.......................................................................... 67,863,603 26.0
Rights.................................................................................... 50,287 0.0
----------- ---
$256,361,594 98.2%
----------- ---
----------- ---
</TABLE>
SEE NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
51
<PAGE>
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Statement of Assets and Liabilities
JANUARY 31, 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
ASSETS:
Investments in securities, at value
(identified cost $247,336,708)........... $256,361,594
Cash....................................... 4,935,497
Receivable for:
Shares of beneficial interest sold....... 634,158
Dividends................................ 199,528
Interest................................. 17,519
Deferred organizational expenses........... 75,057
Prepaid expenses and other assets.......... 58,888
-----------
TOTAL ASSETS....................... 262,282,241
-----------
LIABILITIES:
Payable for:
Plan of distribution fee................. 227,484
Shares of beneficial interest
repurchased............................ 177,807
Management fee........................... 170,613
Investment advisory fee.................. 113,742
Investments purchased.................... 102,952
Accrued expenses and other payables........ 423,787
-----------
TOTAL LIABILITIES.................. 1,216,385
-----------
NET ASSETS:
Paid-in-capital............................ 368,448,889
Net unrealized appreciation................ 9,022,124
Accumulated net investment loss............ (894,899)
Accumulated net realized loss.............. (115,510,258)
-----------
NET ASSETS......................... $261,065,856
-----------
-----------
NET ASSET VALUE PER SHARE, 27,546,662
shares outstanding (unlimited shares
authorized of $.01 par value)............
$9.48
-----------
-----------
</TABLE>
Statement of Operations
FOR THE YEAR ENDED JANUARY 31, 1996
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
NET INVESTMENT INCOME:
INCOME
Dividends (net of $639,669 foreign
withholding tax)..................... $ 5,525,949
Interest............................... 592,392
-----------
TOTAL INCOME....................... 6,118,341
-----------
EXPENSES
Plan of distribution fee............... 2,580,274
Management fee......................... 1,935,206
Investment advisory fee................ 1,290,137
Custodian fees......................... 796,720
Transfer agent fees and expenses....... 752,768
Professional fees...................... 95,175
Registration fees...................... 64,141
Shareholder reports and notices........ 52,549
Trustees' fees and expenses............ 46,932
Organizational expenses................ 39,146
Other.................................. 29,711
-----------
TOTAL EXPENSES..................... 7,682,759
-----------
NET INVESTMENT LOSS................ (1,564,418)
-----------
NET REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN (LOSS):
NET REALIZED LOSS ON:
Investments.......................... (67,614,802)
Foreign exchange transactions........ (619,051)
-----------
TOTAL LOSS......................... (68,233,853)
-----------
NET CHANGE IN UNREALIZED APPRECIATION/
DEPRECIATION ON:
Investments.......................... 68,480,678
Net translation of other assets and
liabilities denominated in foreign
currencies......................... 45,977
-----------
TOTAL APPRECIATION................. 68,526,655
-----------
NET GAIN........................... 292,802
-----------
NET DECREASE....................... $(1,271,616)
-----------
-----------
</TABLE>
Statement of Changes in Net Assets
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FOR THE YEAR FOR THE YEAR
ENDED ENDED
JANUARY 31, JANUARY 31,
1996 1995
--------------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C>
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN NET ASSETS:
Operations:
Net investment loss......................................................... $ (1,564,418) $ (5,488,643)
Net realized loss........................................................... (68,233,853) (50,838,277)
Net change in unrealized appreciation/depreciation.......................... 68,526,655 (131,066,806)
--------------- ---------------
Net decrease............................................................ (1,271,616) (187,393,726)
Distributions from net realized gain.......................................... -- (8,954,749)
Net increase (decrease) from transactions in shares of beneficial interest.... (32,436,582) 165,166,940
--------------- ---------------
Total decrease.......................................................... (33,708,198) (31,181,535)
NET ASSETS:
Beginning of period........................................................... 294,774,054 325,955,589
--------------- ---------------
END OF PERIOD (including accumulated net investment loss of $894,899 and $0,
respectively)................................................................ $ 261,065,856 $ 294,774,054
--------------- ---------------
--------------- ---------------
</TABLE>
SEE NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
52
<PAGE>
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS JANUARY 31, 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. ORGANIZATION AND ACCOUNTING POLICIES--TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund (the
"Fund") is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the
"Act"), as a non-diversified, open-end management investment company. The Fund's
investment objective is long-term capital appreciation. The Fund seeks to
achieve its objective by investing primarily in equity securities of Latin
American issuers. The Fund was organized as a Massachusetts business trust on
February 25, 1992 and commenced operations on December 30, 1992.
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures. Actual results
could differ from those estimates. The following is a summary of significant
accounting policies:
A. VALUATION OF INVESTMENTS--(1) an equity security listed or traded on the
New York, American or other domestic or foreign stock exchange is valued at
its latest sale price on that exchange prior to the time when assets are
valued; if there were no sales that day, the security is valued at the
latest bid price (in cases where securities are traded on more than one
exchange; the securities are valued on the exchange designated as the
primary market by the Adviser); (2) all other portfolio securities for which
over-the-counter market quotations are readily available are valued at the
latest available bid price prior to the time of valuation; (3) when market
quotations are not readily available, including circumstances under which it
is determined by the Adviser that sale or bid prices are not reflective of a
security's market value, portfolio securities are valued at their fair value
as determined in good faith under procedures established by and under the
general supervision of the Trustees (valuation of debt securities for which
market quotations are not readily available may be based upon current market
prices of securities which are comparable in coupon, rating and maturity or
an appropriate matrix utilizing similar factors); and (4) short-term debt
securities having a maturity date of more than sixty days at time of
purchase are valued on a mark-to-market basis until sixty days prior to
maturity and thereafter at amortized cost based on their value on the 61st
day. Short-term debt securities having a maturity date of sixty days or less
at the time of purchase are valued at amortized cost.
B. ACCOUNTING FOR INVESTMENTS--Security transactions are accounted for on
the trade date (date the order to buy or sell is executed). Realized gains
and losses on security transactions are determined by the identified cost
method. Dividend income and other distributions are recorded on the
ex-dividend date except for certain dividends on foreign securities which
are recorded as soon as the Fund is informed after the ex-dividend date.
Discounts are accreted over the life of the respective securities. Interest
income is accrued daily.
C. FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION--The books and records of the Fund are
maintained in U.S. dollars as follows: (1) the foreign currency market value
of investment securities, other assets and liabilities and forward contracts
are translated at the exchange rates prevailing at the end of the period;
and (2) purchases, sales, income and expenses are translated at the exchange
rates prevailing on the respective dates of such transactions. The resultant
exchange gains and losses are included in the Statement of Operations as
realized and unrealized gain/loss on foreign exchange transactions. Pursuant
to U.S. Federal income tax regulations, certain foreign exchange
gains/losses included in realized and unrealized gain/loss are included in
or are a reduction of ordinary income for federal income tax purposes. The
Fund does not isolate that portion of the results of operations arising as a
result of changes in the foreign exchange rates from the changes in the
market prices of the securities.
53
<PAGE>
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS JANUARY 31, 1996 (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
D. FORWARD FOREIGN CURRENCY CONTRACTS--The Fund may enter into forward
foreign currency contracts which are valued daily at the appropriate
exchange rates. The resultant unrealized exchange gains and losses are
included in the Statement of Operations as unrealized foreign currencies
gain or loss. The Fund records realized gains or losses on delivery of the
currency or at the time the forward contract is extinguished (compensated)
by entering into a closing transaction prior to delivery.
E. FEDERAL INCOME TAX STATUS--It is the Fund's policy to comply with the
requirements of the Internal Revenue Code applicable to regulated investment
companies and to distribute all of its taxable income to its shareholders.
Accordingly, no federal income tax provision is required.
F. DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS TO SHAREHOLDERS--The Fund records dividends
and distributions to its shareholders on the ex-dividend date. The amount of
dividends and distributions from net investment income and net realized
capital gains are determined in accordance with federal income tax
regulations which may differ from generally accepted accounting principles.
These "book/tax" differences are either considered temporary or permanent in
nature. To the extent these differences are permanent in nature, such
amounts are reclassified within the capital accounts based on their federal
tax-basis treatment; temporary differences do not require reclassification.
Dividends and distributions which exceed net investment income and net
realized capital gains for financial reporting purposes but not for tax
purposes are reported as dividends in excess of net investment income or
distributions in excess of net realized capital gains. To the extent they
exceed net investment income and net realized capital gains for tax
purposes, they are reported as distributions of paid-in-capital.
G. ORGANIZATIONAL EXPENSES--Dean Witter InterCapital Inc., an affiliate of
Dean Witter Services Company Inc. (the "Manager"), paid the organizational
expenses in the amount of approximately $244,000 which have been reimbursed
in the amount of $200,000. Such expenses have been deferred and are being
amortized on the straight-line method over a period not to exceed five years
from the commencement of operations.
2. MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT--Pursuant to a Management Agreement, the Fund pays a
management fee, accrued daily and payable monthly, by applying the following
annual rates to the net assets of the Fund determined as of the close of each
business day: 0.75% to the portion of daily net assets not exceeding $500
million and 0.72% to the portion of the daily net assets exceeding $500 million.
Under the terms of the Management Agreement, the Manager maintains certain
of the Fund's book and records and furnishes, at its own expense, office space,
facilities, equipment, clerical, bookkeeping and certain legal services and pays
the salaries of all personnel, including officers of the Fund who are employees
of the Manager. The Manager also bears the cost of telephone services, heat,
light, power and other utilities provided to the Fund.
If, in any fiscal year, the Fund's total operating expenses, exclusive of
tax, interest, brokerage fees, distribution fees and extraordinary expenses,
exceed 2 1/2% of the first $30,000,000 of average daily net assets, 2% of the
next $70,000,000 and 1 1/2% of any excess over $100,000,000, the Manager and the
Adviser will reimburse the Fund, on a pro-rata basis, for the amount of such
excess. Such amount, if any, will be calculated daily and credited on a monthly
basis.
3. INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT--Pursuant to an Investment Advisory Agreement
with TCW Funds Management, Inc. (the "Adviser"), the Fund pays an advisory fee,
accrued daily and payable monthly, by
54
<PAGE>
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS JANUARY 31, 1996 (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
applying the following annual rates to the net assets of the Fund determined as
of the close of each business day: 0.50% to the portion of daily net assets not
exceeding $500 million and 0.48% to the portion of the daily net assets
exceeding $500 million.
Under the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Fund has retained
the Adviser to invest the Fund's assets, including placing orders for the
purchase and sale of portfolio securities. The Adviser obtains and evaluates
such information and advice relating to the economy, securities markets, and
specific securities as it considers necessary or useful to continuously manage
the assets of the Fund in a manner consistent with its investment objective. In
addition, the Adviser pays the salaries of all personnel, including officers of
the Fund, who are employees of the Adviser.
4. PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION--Shares of the Fund are distributed by Dean Witter
Distributors Inc. (the "Distributor"), an affiliate of the Manager. The Fund has
adopted a Plan of Distribution (the "Plan"), pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the
Act, pursuant to which the Fund pays the Distributor compensation, accrued daily
and payable monthly, at an annual rate of 1.0% of the lesser of: (a) the average
daily aggregate gross sales of the Fund's shares since the Fund's inception (not
including reinvestment of dividend or capital gain distributions) less the
average daily aggregate net asset value of the Fund's shares redeemed since the
Fund's inception of the Plan upon which a contingent deferred sales charge has
been imposed or upon which such charge has been waived; or (b) the Fund's
average daily net assets. Amounts paid under the Plan are paid to the
Distributor to compensate it for the services provided and the expenses borne by
it and others in the distribution of the Fund's shares, including the payment of
commissions for sales of the Fund's shares and incentive compensation to, and
expenses of, the account executives of Dean Witter Reynolds Inc. ("DWR), an
affiliate of the Manager and Distributor, and other employees or selected
dealers who engage in or support distribution of the Fund's shares or who
service shareholder accounts, including overhead and telephone expenses,
printing and distribution of prospectuses and reports used in connection with
the offering of the Fund's shares to other than current shareholders and
preparation, printing and distribution of sales literature and advertising
materials. In addition, the Distributor may be compensated under the Plan for
its opportunity costs in advancing such amounts, which compensation would be in
the form of a carrying charge on any unreimbursed expenses incurred by the
Distributor.
Provided that the Plan continues in effect, any cumulative expenses incurred
but not yet recovered, may be recovered through future distribution fees from
the Fund and contingent deferred sales charges from the Fund's shareholders.
The Distributor has informed the Fund that for the year ended January 31,
1996, it received approximately $1,455,000 in contingent deferred sales charges
from certain redemptions of the Fund's shares. The Fund's shareholders pay such
charges which are not an expense of the Fund.
5. SECURITY TRANSACTIONS AND TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATES--The cost of
purchases and proceeds from sales of portfolio securities, excluding short-term
investments, for the year ended January 31, 1996 aggregated $157,588,277 and
$163,386,951, respectively.
Dean Witter Trust Company, an affiliate of the Manager and Distributor, is
the Fund's transfer agent. At January 31, 1996, the Fund had transfer agent fees
and expenses payable of approximately $80,000.
55
<PAGE>
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS JANUARY 31, 1996 (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST--Transactions in shares of beneficial interest
were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FOR THE YEAR ENDED FOR THE YEAR ENDED
JANUARY 31, 1996 JANUARY 31, 1995
---------------------------- -----------------------------
SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT
------------ -------------- ------------ ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Sold............................................. 7,422,903 $ 63,325,768 18,877,547 $ 258,325,274
Reinvestment of distributions.................... -- -- 739,138 8,455,745
------------ -------------- ------------ ---------------
7,422,903 63,325,768 19,616,685 266,781,019
Repurchased...................................... (11,407,729) (95,762,350) (8,388,944) (101,614,079)
------------ -------------- ------------ ---------------
Net increase (decrease).......................... (3,984,826) $ (32,436,582) 11,227,741 $ 165,166,940
------------ -------------- ------------ ---------------
------------ -------------- ------------ ---------------
</TABLE>
7. FEDERAL INCOME TAX STATUS--At January 31, 1996, the Fund had a net capital
loss carryover of approximately $96,914,000 of which $4,864,000 will be
available through January 31, 2003 and $92,050,000 will be available through
January 31, 2004 to offset future capital gains to the extent provided by
regulations.
Capital and foreign currency losses incurred after October 31
("post-October" losses) within the taxable year are deemed to arise on the first
business day of the Fund's next taxable year. The Fund incurred and will elect
to defer net capital and foreign currency losses of approximately $10,456,000
and $60,000, respectively during fiscal 1996.
As of January 31, 1996, the Fund had temporary book/tax differences
primarily attributable to post-October losses, capital loss deferrals on wash
sales and income from the mark-to-market of passive foreign investment
companies. The Fund had permanent book/tax differences primarily attributable to
foreign currency losses and a net operating loss. To reflect reclassifications
arising from permanent book/tax differences for the year ended January 31, 1996,
accumulated net investment loss was credited $669,519, paid-in-capital was
charged $2,019,184 and accumulated net realized loss was credited $1,349,665.
8. PURPOSES OF AND RISKS RELATING TO CERTAIN FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS--The Fund
may enter into forward currency contracts ("forward contracts") to facilitate
settlement of foreign currency denominated portfolio transactions or to manage
foreign currency exposure associated with foreign currency denominated
securities.
Forward contracts involve elements of market risk in excess of the amounts
reflected in the Statement of Assets and Liabilities. The Fund bears the risk of
an unfavorable change in foreign exchange rates underlying the forward
contracts. Risks may also arise upon entering into these contracts from the
potential inability of the counterparties to meet the terms of their contracts.
The Fund is also permitted to write covered call options on portfolio
securities and certain foreign currencies to hedge against a decline in the
value of a security or the underlying currency of such security.
At January 31, 1996, the Fund's cash balance consisted principally of
interest bearing deposits with Chase Manhattan N.A., the Fund's custodian.
56
<PAGE>
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Selected ratios and per share data for a share of beneficial interest
outstanding throughout each period:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FOR THE PERIOD
FOR THE YEAR ENDED JANUARY 31, DECEMBER 30, 1992*
--------------------------------------- THROUGH
1996 1995 1994 JANUARY 31, 1993
------------------ -------- -------- ------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PER SHARE OPERATING PERFORMANCE:
Net asset value, beginning of period..................... $ 9.35 $ 16.05 $ 9.56 $ 10.00
-------- -------- -------- -------
Net investment loss...................................... (0.06) (0.17 ) (0.04 ) (0.01)
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss).................. 0.19 (6.21 ) 6.68 (0.43)
-------- -------- -------- -------
Total from investment operations......................... 0.13 (6.38 ) 6.64 (0.44)
Less distributions from net realized gain................ -- (0.32 ) (0.15 ) --
-------- -------- -------- -------
Net asset value, end of period........................... $ 9.48 $ 9.35 $ 16.05 $ 9.56
-------- -------- -------- -------
-------- -------- -------- -------
TOTAL INVESTMENT RETURN+................................. 1.39% (40.12 )% 69.49% (4.30)%(1)
RATIOS TO AVERAGE NET ASSETS:
Expenses................................................. 2.98% 2.87% 2.89% 3.08%(2)
Net investment loss...................................... (0.61)% (1.46 )% (0.90 )% (1.08)%(2)
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA:
Net assets, end of period, in thousands.................. $261,066 $294,774 $325,956 $69,611
Portfolio turnover rate.................................. 64% 145% 111% 1%(1)
</TABLE>
- --------------
* COMMENCEMENT OF OPERATIONS.
+ DOES NOT REFLECT THE DEDUCTION OF SALES CHARGE.
(1) NOT ANNUALIZED.
(2) ANNUALIZED.
SEE NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
57
<PAGE>
COMMERCIAL PAPER RATINGS
Moody's Commercial Paper ratings are opinions of the ability to repay
punctually promissory obligations not having an original maturity in excess of
nine months. The ratings apply to Municipal Commercial Paper as well as taxable
Commercial Paper. Moody's employs the following three designations, all judged
to be investment grade, to indicate the relative repayment capacity of rated
issuers: Prime-1, Prime-2, Prime-3.
Issuers rated Prime-1 have a superior capacity for repayment of short-term
promissory obligations. Issuers rated Prime-2 have a strong capacity for
repayment of short-term promissory obligations; and Issuers rated Prime-3 have
an acceptable capacity for repayment of short-term promissory obligations.
Issuers rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.
STANDARD & POOR'S CORPORATION ("STANDARD & POOR'S")
FIXED-INCOME SECURITY RATINGS
A Standard & Poor's fixed-income security rating is a current assessment of
the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific obligation. This
assessment may take into consideration obligors such as guarantors, insurers, or
lessees.
The ratings are based on current information furnished by the issuer or
obtained by Standard & Poor's from other sources it considers reliable. The
ratings are based, in varying degrees, on the following considerations: (1)
likelihood of default-capacity and willingness of the obligor as to the timely
payment of interest and repayment of principal in accordance with the terms of
the obligation; (2) nature of and provisions of the obligation; and (3)
protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of
bankruptcy, reorganization or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and
other laws affecting creditors' rights.
Standard & Poor's does not perform an audit in connection with any rating
and may, on occasion, rely on unaudited financial information. The ratings may
be changed, suspended or withdrawn as a result of changes in, or unavailability
of, such information, or for other reasons.
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
AAA Fixed-income securities rated "AAA" have the highest rating assigned by Standard &
Poor's. Capacity to pay interest and repay principal is extremely strong.
AA Fixed-income securities rated "AA" have a very strong capacity to pay interest and
repay principal and differs from the highest-rated issues only in small degree.
A Fixed-income securities rated "A" have a strong capacity to pay interest and repay
principal although they are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of
changes in circumstances and economic conditions than fixed-income securities in
higher-rated categories.
BBB Fixed-income securities rated "BBB" are regarded as having an adequate capacity to
pay interest and repay principal. Whereas it normally exhibits adequate protection
parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely
to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest and repay principal for
fixed-income securities in this category than for fixed-income securities in
higher-rated categories.
Fixed-income securities rated AAA, AA, A and BBB are considered investment grade.
BB Fixed-income securities rated "BB" have less near-term vulnerability to default
than other speculative grade fixed-income securities. However, it faces major
ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial or economic
conditions which could lead to inadequate capacity or willingness to pay interest
and repay principal.
B Fixed-income securities rated "B" have a greater vulnerability to default but
presently has the capacity to meet interest payments and principal repayments
Adverse business, financial or economic conditions would likely impair capacity or
willingness to pay interest and repay principal.
</TABLE>
58
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
CCC Fixed-income securities rated "CCC" have a current identifiable vulnerability to
default, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial and economic
conditions to meet timely payments of interest and repayments of principal. In the
event of adverse business, financial or economic conditions, it is not likely to
have the capacity to pay interest and repay principal.
CC The rating "CC" is typically applied to fixed-income securities subordinated to
senior debt which is assigned an actual or implied "CCC" rating.
C The rating "C" is typically applied to fixed-income securities subordinated to
senior debt which is assigned an actual or implied "CCC-" rating.
CI The rating "CI" is reserved for fixed-income securities on which no interest is
being paid.
NR Indicates that no rating has been requested, that there is insufficient
information on which to base a rating or that Standard & Poor's does not rate a
particular type of obligation as a matter of policy.
Fixed-income securities rated "BB", "B", "CCC", "CC" and "C" are regarded as
having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to capacity to pay
interest and repay principal. "BB" indicates the least degree of speculation and
"C" the highest degree of speculation. While such fixed-income securities will
likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by
large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions.
Plus (+) or minus (-): The rating from "AA" to "CCC" may be modified by the
addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing with the major ratings
categories.
</TABLE>
COMMERCIAL PAPER RATINGS
Standard and Poor's commercial paper rating is a current assessment of the
likelihood of timely payment of debt having an original maturity of no more than
365 days. The commercial paper rating is not a recommendation to purchase or
sell a security. The ratings are based upon current information furnished by the
issuer or obtained by S&P from other sources it considers reliable. The ratings
may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn as a result of changes in or
unavailability of such information. Ratings are graded into group categories,
ranging from "A" for the highest quality obligations to "D" for the lowest.
Ratings are applicable to both taxable and tax-exempt commercial paper. The
categories are as follows:
Issues assigned A ratings are regarded as having the greatest capacity for
timely payment. Issues in this category are further refined with the designation
1, 2, and 3 to indicate the relative degree of safety.
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
A-1 indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely payment is very strong.
A-2 indicates capacity for timely payment on issues with this designation is strong.
However, the relative degree of safety is not as overwhelming as for issues
designated "A-1".
A-3 indicates a satisfactory capacity for timely payment. Obligations carrying this
designation are, however, somewhat more vulnerable to the adverse effects of changes
in circumstances than obligations carrying the higher designations.
</TABLE>
59
<PAGE>
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
PART C OTHER INFORMATION
Item 24. Financial Statements and Exhibits
(a) FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(1) Financial statements and schedules, included
in Prospectus (Part A):
Page
Numbers
-------
Financial highlights for the period December 30, 1992
through January 31, 1993 and for the years ended
January 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996...................... 5
(2) Financial statements included in the Statement of
Additional Information (Part B):
Portfolio of Investments at January 31, 1996.......... 48
Statement of assets and liabilities at
January 31, 1996...................................... 52
Statement of operations for the year ended January
31, 1996.............................................. 52
Statement of changes in net assets for the years
ended January 31, 1995 and 1996 ....................... 52
Notes to Financial Statements.......................... 53
Financial highlights for the period December 30, 1992
through January 31, 1993 and for the years ended
January 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996 ....................... 57
(3) Financial statements included in Part C:
None
(b) EXHIBITS:
Exhibit
Number Description
- ------ -----------
1. -- Declaration of Trust*
2. -- Amended and Restated By-Laws*
5. -- Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant
and TCW Funds Management Inc.*
6. (a) Form of Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and
and Dean Witter Distributors Inc.*
1
<PAGE>
(b) Forms of Selected Dealers Agreement*
8. (a) Form of Custody Agreement between Registrant and The Chase
Manhattan Bank, N.A.*
(b) Form of Amended and Restated Transfer Agency and Service
Agreement between Registrant and Dean Witter Trust Company*
9. -- Form of Management Agreement between Registrant and Dean
Witter Services Company Inc.
11. -- Consent of Independent Accountants
15. -- Form of Amended and Restated Plan of Distribution pursuant
to Rule 12b-1
16. -- Schedule for Computation of Performance Quotations
27. -- Financial Data Schedule
Other. -- Powers of Attorney*
- -------------------------------
*Previously filed; re-filed via EDGAR with this Amendment to the
Registration Statement. All other exhibits previously filed and incorporated by
reference.
Item 25. PERSONS CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON CONTROL WITH REGISTRANT.
None
Item 26. NUMBER OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES.
(1) (2)
Number of Record Holders
Title of Class at February 29, 1996
-------------- -------------------------
Shares of Beneficial Interest 52,296
Item 27. INDEMNIFICATION.
Pursuant to Section 5.3 of the Registrant's Declaration of Trust and under
Section 4.8 of the Registrant's By-Laws, the indemnification of the Registrant's
trustees, officers, employees and agents is permitted if it is determined that
they acted under the belief that their actions were in or not opposed to the
best interest of the Registrant, and, with respect to any criminal proceeding,
they had reasonable cause to believe their conduct was not unlawful. In
addition, indemnification is permitted only if it is determined that the actions
in question did not render them liable by reason of willful misfeasance, bad
faith or gross negligence in the performance of their duties or by reason of
reckless disregard of their obligations and duties to the Registrant. Trustees,
officers, employees and agents will be indemnified for the expense of litigation
if it is determined that they are entitled to indemnification against any
liability established
2
<PAGE>
in such litigation. The Registrant may also advance money for these expenses
provided that they give their undertakings to repay the Registrant unless their
conduct is later determined to permit indemnification.
Pursuant to Section 5.2 of the Registrant's Declaration of Trust and
paragraph 8 of the Registrant's Management and Advisory Agreements, none of the
Manager, the Adviser or any trustee, officer, employee or agent of the
Registrant shall be liable for any action or failure to act, except in the case
of bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of
duties to the Registrant.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act
of 1933 (the "Act") may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling
persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions or otherwise, the
Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange
Commission such
indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is,
therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against
such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred
or paid by a trustee, officer, or controlling person of the Registrant in
connection with the successful defense of any
action, suit or proceeding) is asserted against the Registrant by such trustee,
officer or controlling person in connection with the shares being registered,
the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its
counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court
of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is
against public policy as expressed in the Act, and will be governed by the final
adjudication of such issue.
The Registrant hereby undertakes that it will apply the indemnification
provision of its by-laws in a manner consistent with Release 11330 of the
Securities and Exchange Commission under the Investment Company Act of 1940, so
long as the interpretation of Sections 17(h) and 17(i) of such Act remains in
effect.
Registrant, in conjunction with the Manager, Registrant's Trustees, and
other registered investment management companies managed by the Manager,
maintains insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a Trustee, officer,
employee, or agent of Registrant, or who is or was serving at the request of
Registrant as a trustee, director, officer, employee or agent of another trust
or corporation, against any liability asserted against him and incurred by him
or arising out of his position. However, in no event will Registrant maintain
insurance to indemnify any such person for any act for which Registrant itself
is not permitted to indemnify him.
Item 28. BUSINESS AND OTHER CONNECTIONS OF INVESTMENT ADVISER.
The TCW Funds Management, Inc. (the "Adviser") is a 100% owned subsidiary
of The TCW Group, Inc., a Nevada corporation. The Adviser presently serves as
investment adviser to: (1) TCW Funds, Inc., a diversified open-end management
investment company, (2) TCW Convertible Securities Fund, Inc., a diversified
closed-end management investment company; (3) TCW/DW Core Equity Trust, an open-
end, non-diversified management company, (4) TCW/DW North American Government
Income Trust, an open-end, non-diversified management company, (5) TCW/DW Income
and Growth Fund, an open-end, non-diversified management company, (6) TCW/DW
3
<PAGE>
Latin American Growth Fund, an open-end non-diversified management company, (7)
TCW/DW Small Cap Growth Fund, an open-end non-diversified management company,
(8) TCW/DW Term Trust 2000, a closed-end, diversified management company, (9)
TCW/DW Term Trust 2002, a closed-end diversified management company, (10) TCW/DW
Term Trust 2003, a closed-end diversified management company, (11) TCW/DW
Balanced Fund, an open-end, diversified management company, (12) TCW/DW Emerging
Markets Opportunities Trust, a closed-end, non-diversified management company,
(13) TCW/DW Total Return Trust, an open-end non-diversified management
investment company, and (14) TCW/DW Mid-Cap Equity Trust, an open-end,
diversified management investment company. The Adviser also serves as
investment adviser or sub-adviser to other investment companies, including
foreign investment companies. The list required by this Item 28 of the officers
and directors of the Adviser together with information as to any other business,
profession, vocation or employment of a substantive nature engaged in by the
Adviser and such officers and directors during the past two years, is
incorporated by reference to Form ADV (File No. 801-29075) filed by the Adviser
pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act.
Item 29. PRINCIPAL UNDERWRITERS.
(a) Dean Witter Distributors Inc. ("Distributors"), a Delaware corporation,
is the principal underwriter of the Registrant. Distributors is also the
principal underwriter of the following investment companies:
(1) Dean Witter Liquid Asset Fund Inc.
(2) Dean Witter Tax-Free Daily Income Trust
(3) Dean Witter California Tax-Free Daily Income Trust
(4) Dean Witter Retirement Series
(5) Dean Witter Dividend Growth Securities Inc.
(6) Dean Witter Natural Resource Development Securities Inc.
(7) Dean Witter World Wide Investment Trust
(8) Dean Witter Capital Growth Securities
(9) Dean Witter Convertible Securities Trust
(10) Active Assets Tax-Free Trust
(11) Active Assets Money Trust
(12) Active Assets California Tax-Free Trust
(13) Active Assets Government Securities Trust
(14) Dean Witter Global Utilities Fund
(15) Dean Witter Federal Securities Trust
(16) Dean Witter U.S. Government Securities Trust
(17) Dean Witter High Yield Securities Inc.
(18) Dean Witter New York Tax-Free Income Fund
(19) Dean Witter Tax-Exempt Securities Trust
(20) Dean Witter California Tax-Free Income Fund
(21) Dean Witter Limited Term Municipal Trust
(22) Dean Witter World Wide Income Trust
(23) Dean Witter Utilities Fund
(24) Dean Witter Strategist Fund
(25) Dean Witter New York Municipal Money Market Trust
(26) Dean Witter Intermediate Income Securities
(27) Prime Income Trust
(28) Dean Witter European Growth Fund Inc.
(29) Dean Witter Developing Growth Securities Trust
(30) Dean Witter Precious Metals and Minerals Trust
(31) Dean Witter Pacific Growth Fund Inc.
4
<PAGE>
(32) Dean Witter Multi-State Municipal Series Trust
(33) Dean Witter Premier Income Trust
(34) Dean Witter Short-Term U.S. Treasury Trust
(35) Dean Witter Diversified Income Trust
(36) Dean Witter Health Sciences Trust
(37) Dean Witter Global Dividend Growth Securities
(38) Dean Witter American Value Fund
(39) Dean Witter U.S. Government Money Market Trust
(40) Dean Witter Global Short-Term Income Fund Inc.
(41) Dean Witter Variable Investment Series
(42) Dean Witter Value-Added Market Series
(43) Dean Witter Short-Term Bond Fund
(44) Dean Witter National Municipal Trust
(45) Dean Witter High Income Securities
(46) Dean Witter International SmallCap Fund
(47) Dean Witter Hawaii Municipal Trust
(48) Dean Witter Balanced Growth Fund
(49) Dean Witter Balanced Income Fund
(50) Dean Witter Intermediate Term U.S. Treasury Trust
(51) Dean Witter Global Asset Allocation Fund
(52) Dean Witter Mid-Cap Growth Fund
(53) Dean Witter Capital Appreciation Fund
(54) Dean Witter Hawaii Municipal Trust
(55) Dean Witter Intermediate Term U.S. Treasury Trust
(56) Dean Witter Information Fund
(57) Dean Witter Japan Fund
(1) TCW/DW Core Equity Trust
(2) TCW/DW North American Government Income Trust
(3) TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund
(4) TCW/DW Income and Growth Fund
(5) TCW/DW Small Cap Growth Fund
(6) TCW/DW Balanced Fund
(7) TCW/DW Total Return Trust
(8) TCW/DW Mid-Cap Equity Trust
(b) The following information is given regarding directors and officers of Dean
Witter Distributors Inc. ("Distributors"). The principal address of
Distributors is Two World Trade Center, New York, New York 10048.
Positions and
Office with Distributors
Name and the Registrant
- ---- ------------------
Charles A. Fiumefreddo Chairman, Chief Executive
Officer and Director of
Distributors and Chairman,
Chief Executive Officer
and Trustee of the
Registrant.
Philip J. Purcell Director of Distributors.
Richard M. DeMartini Director of Distributors.
James F. Higgins Director of Distributors.
5
<PAGE>
Positions and
Office with Distributors
Name and the Registrant
- ---- ------------------
Thomas C. Schneider Executive Vice President, Chief
Financial Officer and Director
of Distributors.
Christine A. Edwards Executive Vice President,
Secretary, Chief Legal Officer
and Director of Distributors.
Robert Scanlan Executive Vice President of
Distributors and Vice President
of the Registrant.
David A. Hughey Executive Vice President and
Chief Administrative Officer
of Distributors and Vice
President of the Registrant.
Robert S. Giambrone Senior Vice President of
Distributors and Vice President
of the Registrant.
Sheldon Curtis Senior Vice President,
Assistant General Counsel and
Assistant Secretary of
Distributors and Vice President,
Secretary and General Counsel of
the Registrant.
Frederick K. Kubler Senior Vice President,
Assistant Secretary and Chief
Compliance Officer of
Distributors.
Michael T. Gregg Vice President and Assistant
Secretary of Distributors.
Edward C. Oelsner III Vice President of Distributors.
Samuel Wolcott III Vice President of Distributors.
Thomas F. Caloia Assistant Treasurer of
Distributors and Treasurer of
the Registrant.
Michael Interrante Assistant Treasurer of
Distributors.
Item 30. LOCATION OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS
All accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by
Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Rules thereunder are
maintained by the Manager at its offices, except records relating to holders of
shares issued by the Registrant, which are
6
<PAGE>
maintained by the Registrant's Transfer Agent, at its place of business as shown
in the prospectus.
Item 31. MANAGEMENT SERVICES
Registrant is not a party to any such management-related service
contract.
Item 32. UNDERTAKINGS
Registrant hereby undertakes to furnish each person to whom a prospectus
is delivered with a copy of the Registrant's latest annual report to
shareholders, upon request and without charge.
7
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and
the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant certifies that it
meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this Registration
Statement pursuant to Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act of 1933 and
has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration
Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto
duly authorized, in the City of New York and State of New York on the
27th day of March, 1996.
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
By /s/Sheldon Curtis
--------------------------
Sheldon Curtis
Vice President and Secretary
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 has been signed below by the following
persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signatures Title Date
- ---------- ----- ----
(1) Principal Executive Officer President, Chief
Executive Officer,
Trustee and Chairman
By /s/Charles A. Fiumefreddo 03/27/96
-----------------------------
Charles A. Fiumefreddo
(2) Principal Financial Officer Treasurer and Principal
Accounting Officer
By /s/Thomas F. Caloia
-------------------------------
Thomas F. Caloia 03/27/96
(3) Majority of the Trustees Trustee
Charles A. Fiumefreddo (Chairman) Richard M. DeMartini
Thomas E. Larkin, Jr.
By /s/Sheldon Curtis 03/27/96
-------------------------
Sheldon Curtis
Attorney-in-Fact
John C. Argue John L. Schroeder
John R. Haire Marc I. Stern
Paul Kolton
Manuel H. Johnson
Michael E. Nugent
By /s/David M. Butowsky 03/27/96
--------------------------
David M. Butowsky
Attorney-in-Fact
<PAGE>
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
No. Description
- -------- -----------
1. -- Declaration of Trust*
2. -- Amended and Restated By-Laws*
5. -- Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between the
Registrant and TCW Funds Management Inc.*
6. (a) Form of Distribution Agreement between the Registrant
and Dean Witter Distributors Inc.*
(b) Forms of Selected Dealers Agreement*
8. (a) Form of Custody Agreement between Registrant and The
Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A.*
(b) Form of Amended and Restated Transfer Agency and
Service Agreement between Registrant and Dean Witter
Trust Company*
9. -- Form of Management Agreement between Registrant and
Dean Witter Services Company Inc.
11. -- Consent of Independent Accountants
15. -- Form of Amended and Restated Plan of Distribution
pursuant to Rule 12b-1
16. -- Schedule for Computation of Performance Quotations
27. -- Financial Data Schedule
Other. -- Powers of Attorney*
- --------------------------
*Previously filed; re-filed via EDGAR with this Amendment to the
Registration Statement. All other exhibits previously filed and
incorporated by reference.
<PAGE>
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
DECLARATION OF TRUST
DATED: FEBRUARY 25, 1992
<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
----
ARTICLE I -- NAME AND DEFINITIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Section 1.1 Name. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Section 1.2 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
ARTICLE II -- TRUSTEES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section 2.1 Number of Trustees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section 2.2 Election and Term . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section 2.3 Resignation and Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section 2.4 Vacancies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section 2.5 Delegation of Power to Other Trustees . . . . . . . . . 4
ARTICLE III -- POWERS OF TRUSTEES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Section 3.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Section 3.2 Investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Section 3.3 Legal Title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Section 3.4 Issuance and Repurchase of Securities . . . . . . . . . 5
Section 3.5 Borrowing Money; Lending Trust Assets . . . . . . . . . 5
Section 3.6 Delegation; Committees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Section 3.7 Collection and Payment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Section 3.8 Expenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Section 3.9 Manner of Acting; By-Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Section 3.10 Miscellaneous Powers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Section 3.11 Principal Transactions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Section 3.12 Litigation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
ARTICLE IV -- INVESTMENT ADVISER, DISTRIBUTOR,
CUSTODIAN AND TRANSFER AGENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Section 4.1 Investment Adviser. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Section 4.2 Administrative Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Section 4.3 Distributor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Section 4.4 Transfer Agent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Section 4.5 Custodian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Section 4.6 Parties to Contract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
ARTICLE V -- LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY OF SHAREHOLDERS,
TRUSTEES AND OTHERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Section 5.1 No Personal Liability of Shareholders, Trustees, etc. . 8
Section 5.2 Non-Liability of Trustees, etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Section 5.3 Indemnification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Section 5.4 No Bond Required of Trustees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Section 5.5 No Duty of Investigation; Notice in Trust
Instruments, etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Section 5.6 Reliance on Experts, etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
i
<PAGE>
PAGE
----
ARTICLE VI -- SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Section 6.1 Beneficial Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Section 6.2 Rights of Shareholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Section 6.3 Trust Only. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Section 6.4 Issuance of Shares. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Section 6.5 Register of Shares. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Section 6.6 Transfer of Shares. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Section 6.7 Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Section 6.8 Voting Powers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Section 6.9 Series or Classes of Shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
ARTICLE VII -- REDEMPTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Section 7.1 Redemptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Section 7.2 Redemption at the Option of the Trust . . . . . . . . . 13
Section 7.3 Effect of Suspension of Determination of Net Asset Value 14
Section 7.4 Suspension of Right of Redemption . . . . . . . . . . . 14
ARTICLE VIII -- DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE, NET INCOME AND
DISTRIBUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Section 8.1 Net Asset Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Section 8.2 Distributions to Shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Section 8.3 Determination of Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Section 8.4 Power of Modify Foregoing Procedures. . . . . . . . . . 15
ARTICLE IX -- DURATION; TERMINATION OF TRUST; AMENDMENT; MERGERS, ETC. 15
Section 9.1 Duration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Section 9.2 Termination of Trust or a Series. . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Section 9.3 Amendment Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Section 9.4 Merger, Consolidation and Sale of Assets. . . . . . . . 17
Section 9.5 Incorporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
ARTICLE X -- REPORTS TO SHAREHOLDERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
ARTICLE XI -- MISCELLANEOUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Section 11.1 Filing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Section 11.2 Resident Agent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Section 11.3 Governing Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Section 11.4 Counterparts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Section 11.5 Reliance by Third Parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Section 11.6 Provisions in Conflict with Law or Regulations. . . . . 18
Section 11.7 Use of the Name "TCW/DW". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Section 11.8 Principal Place of Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
SIGNATURE PAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
ii
<PAGE>
DECLARATION OF TRUST
OF
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
DATED: FEBRUARY 25, 1992
THE DECLARATION OF TRUST of TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund is made the
25th day of February, 1992 by the parties signatory hereto, as trustees (such
persons, so long as they shall continue in office in accordance with the terms
of this Declaration of Trust, and all other persons who at the time in question
have been duly elected or appointed as trustees in accordance with the
provisions of this Declaration of Trust and are then in office, being
hereinafter called the "Trustees").
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, the Trustees desire to form a trust fund under the laws of
Massachusetts for the investment and reinvestment of funds contributed thereto;
and
WHEREAS, it is provided that the beneficial interest in the trust assets be
divided into transferable shares of beneficial interest as hereinafter provided;
NOW, THEREFORE, the Trustees hereby declare that they will hold in trust,
all money and property contributed to the trust fund to manage and dispose of
the same for the benefit of the holders from time to time of the shares of
beneficial interest issued hereunder and subject to the provisions hereof, to
wit:
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ARTICLE I
NAME AND DEFINITIONS
SECTION 1.1. NAME. The name of the trust created hereby is the "TCW/DW
Latin American Growth Fund," and so far as may be practicable the Trustees shall
conduct the Trust's activities, execute all documents and sue or be sued under
that name, which name (and the word "Trust" wherever herein used) shall refer to
the Trustees as Trustees, and not as individuals, or personally, and shall not
refer to the officers, agents, employees or Shareholders of the Trust. Should
the Trustees determine that the use of such name is not advisable, they may use
such other name for the Trust as they deem proper and the Trust may hold its
property and conduct its activities under such other name.
SECTION 1.2. DEFINITIONS. Wherever they are used herein, the following
terms have the following respective meanings:
(a) "BY-LAWS" means the By-Laws referred to in Section 3.9 hereof, as from
time to time amended.
(b) the terms "COMMISSION," "AFFILIATED PERSON" and "INTERESTED PERSON,"
have the meanings given them in the 1940 Act.
(c) "DECLARATION" means this Declaration of Trust as amended from time to
time. Reference in this Declaration of Trust to "DECLARATION," "HEREOF,"
"HEREIN" and "HEREUNDER" shall be deemed to refer to this Declaration rather
than the article or section in which such words appear.
(d) "DISTRIBUTOR" means the party, other than the Trust, to a contract
described in Section 4.3 hereof.
(e) "FUNDAMENTAL POLICIES" shall mean the investment policies and
restrictions set forth in the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information
and designated as fundamental policies therein.
(f) "INVESTMENT ADVISER" means any party, other than the Trust, to a
contract described in Section 4.1 hereof.
(g) "MAJORITY SHAREHOLDER VOTE" means the vote of the holders of a majority
of Shares, which shall consist of: (i) a majority of Shares represented in
person or by proxy and entitled to vote at a meeting of Shareholders at which a
quorum, as determined in accordance with the By-Laws, is present; (ii) a
majority of Shares issued and outstanding and entitled to vote when action is
taken by written consent of Shareholders; and (iii) a "majority of the
outstanding voting securities," as the phrase is defined in the 1940 Act, when
any action is required by the 1940 Act by such majority as so defined.
(h) "1940 ACT" means the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the rules and
regulations thereunder as amended from time to time.
(i) "PERSON" means and includes individuals, corporations, partnerships,
trusts, associations, joint ventures and other entities, whether or not legal
entities, and governments and agencies and political subdivisions thereof.
(j) "PROSPECTUS" means the Prospectus and Statement of Additional
Information constituting parts of the Registration Statement of the Trust under
the Securities Act of 1933 as such Prospectus and Statement of Additional
Information may be amended or supplemented and filed with the Commission from
time to time.
(k) "SERIES" means one of the separately managed components of the Trust
(or, if the Trust shall have only one such component, then that one) as set
forth in Section 6.1 hereof or as may be established and designated from time to
time by the Trustees pursuant to that section.
(l) "SHAREHOLDER" means a record owner of outstanding Shares.
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(m) "SHARES" means the units of interest into which the beneficial interest
in the Trust shall be divided from time to time, including the shares of any and
all series or classes which may be established by the Trustees, and includes
fractions of Shares as well as whole Shares.
(n) "TRANSFER AGENT" means the party, other than the Trust, to the contract
described in Section 4.4 hereof.
(o) "TRUST" means the TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund
(p) "TRUST PROPERTY" means any and all property, real or personal, tangible
or intangible, which is owned or held by or for the account of the Trust or the
Trustees.
(q) "TRUSTEES" means the persons who have signed the Declaration, so long
as they shall continue in office in accordance with the terms hereof, and all
other persons who may from time to time be duly elected or appointed, qualified
and serving as Trustees in accordance with the provisions hereof, and reference
herein to a Trustee or the Trustees shall refer to such person or persons in
their capacity as trustees hereunder.
ARTICLE II
TRUSTEES
SECTION 2.1. NUMBER OF TRUSTEES. The number of Trustees shall be such
number as shall be fixed from time to time by a written instrument signed by a
majority of the Trustees, provided, however, that the number of Trustees shall
in no event be less than three (3) nor more than fifteen (15).
SECTION 2.2. ELECTION AND TERM. The Trustees shall be elected by a
Majority Shareholder Vote at the first meeting of Shareholders following the
public offering of Shares of the Trust. The Trustees shall have the power to set
and alter the terms of office of the Trustees, and they may at any time lengthen
or lessen their own terms or make their terms of unlimited duration, subject to
the resignation and removal provisions of Section 2.3 hereof. Subject to Section
16(a) of the 1940 Act, the Trustees may elect their own successors and may,
pursuant to Section 2.4 hereof, appoint Trustees to fill vacancies. The Trustees
shall adopt By-Laws not inconsistent with this Declaration or any provision of
law to provide for election of Trustees by Shareholders at such time or times as
the Trustees shall determine to be necessary or advisable.
SECTION 2.3. RESIGNATION AND REMOVAL. Any Trustee may resign his trust
(without need for prior or subsequent accounting) by an instrument in writing
signed by him and delivered to the other Trustees and such resignation shall be
effective upon such delivery, or at a later date according to the terms of the
instrument. Any of the Trustees may be removed (provided the aggregrate number
of Trustees after such removal shall not be less than the number required by
Section 2.1 hereof) by the action of two-thirds of the remaining Trustees or by
the action of the Shareholders of record of not less than two-thirds of the
Shares outstanding (for purposes of determining the circumstances and procedures
under which such removal by the Shareholders may take place, the provisions of
Section 16(c) of the 1940 Act shall be applicable to the same extent as if the
Trust were subject to the provisions of that Section). Upon the resignation or
removal of a Trustee, or his otherwise ceasing to be a Trustee, he shall execute
and deliver such documents as the remaining Trustees shall require for the
purpose of conveying to the Trust or the remaining Trustees any Trust Property
held in the name of the resigning or removed Trustee. Upon the incapacity or
death of any Trustee, his legal representative shall execute and deliver on his
behalf such documents as the remaining Trustees shall require as provided in the
preceding sentence.
SECTION 2.4. VACANCIES. The term of office of a Trustee shall terminate
and a vacancy shall occur in the event of the death, resignation, removal,
bankruptcy, adjudicated incompetence or other incapacity to perform the duties
of the office of a Trustee. No such vacancy shall operate to annul the
Declaration or to revoke any existing agency created pursuant to the terms of
the Declaration. In the case of an existing vacancy existing by reason of an
increase in the number of Trustees, subject to the
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provisions of Section 16(a) of the 1940 Act, the remaining Trustees or, prior to
the public offering of Shares of the Trust, if only one Trustee shall then
remain in office, the remaining Trustee, shall fill such vacancy by the
appointment of such other person as they or he, in their or his discretion,
shall see fit, made by a written instrument signed by a majority of the
remaining Trustees or by the remaining Trustee, as the case may be. Any such
appointment shall not become effective, however, until the person named in the
written instrument of appointment shall have accepted in writing such
appointment and agreed in writing to be bound by the terms of the Declaration.
An appointment of a Trustee may be made in anticipation of a vacancy to occur at
a later date by reason of retirement, resignation or increase in the number of
Trustees, provided that such appointment shall not become effective prior to
such retirement, resignation or increase in the number of Trustees. Whenever a
vacancy in the number of Trustees shall occur, until such vacancy is filled as
provided in this Section 2.4, the Trustees in office, regardless of their
number, shall have all the powers granted to the Trustees and shall discharge
all the duties imposed upon the Trustees by the Declaration. A written
instrument certifying the existence of such vacancy signed by a majority of the
Trustees shall be conclusive evidence of the existence of such vacancy.
SECTION 2.5. DELEGATION OF POWER TO OTHER TRUSTEES. Any Trustee may, by
power of attorney, delegate his power for a period not exceeding six (6) months
at any one time to any other Trustee or Trustees; provided that in no case shall
less than two (2) Trustees personally exercise the powers granted to the
Trustees under the Declaration except as herein otherwise expressly provided.
ARTICLE III
POWERS OF TRUSTEES
SECTION 3.1. GENERAL. The Trustees shall have exclusive and absolute
control over the Trust Property and over the business of the Trust to the same
extent as if the Trustees were the sole owners of the Trust Property and
business in their own right, but with such powers of delegation as may be
permitted by the Declaration. The Trustees shall have power to conduct the
business of the Trust and carry on its operations in any and all of its branches
and maintain offices both within and without the Commonwealth of Massachusetts,
in any and all states of the United States of America, in the District of
Columbia, and in any and all commonwealths, territories, dependencies, colonies,
possessions, agencies or instrumentalities wheresoever in the world they may be
located as they deem necessary, proper or desirable in order to promote the
interests of the Trust although such things are not herein specifically
mentioned. Any determination as to what is in the interests of the Trust made by
the Trustees in good faith shall be conclusive. In construing the provisions of
the Declaration, the presumption shall be in favor of a grant of power to the
Trustees.
The enumeration of any specific power herein shall not be construed as
limiting the aforesaid power. Such powers of the Trustees may be exercised
without order of or resort to any court.
SECTION 3.2. INVESTMENTS. The Trustees shall have the power to:
(a) conduct, operate and carry on the business of an investment company;
(b) subscribe for, invest in, reinvest in, purchase or otherwise acquire,
hold, pledge, sell, assign, transfer, exchange, distribute, lend or
otherwise deal in or dispose of negeotiable or nonnegotiable instruments,
obligations, evidences of indebtedness, certificates of deposit or
indebtedness, commercial paper, repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase
agreements, options, commodities, commodity futures contracts and related
options, currencies, currency futures and forward contracts, and other
securities, investment contracts and other instruments of any kind,
including, without limitation, those issued, guaranteed or sponsored by any
and all Persons including, without limitation, states, territories and
possessions of the United States, the District of Columbia and any of the
political subdivisions, agencies or instrumentalities thereof, and by the
United States Government or its agencies or instrumentalities, foreign or
international instrumentalities, or by any bank or savings institution, or
by any corporation or organization
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organized under the laws of the United States or of any state, territory or
possession thereof, and of corporations or organizations organized under
foreign laws, or in "when issued" contracts for any such securities, or
retain Trust assets in cash and from time to time change the investments of
the assets of the Trust; and to exercise any and all rights, powers and
privileges of ownership or interest in respect of any and all such
investments of every kind and description, including, without limitation,
the right to consent and otherwise act with respect thereto, with power to
designate one or more persons, firms, associations or corporations to
exercise any of said rights, powers and privileges in respect of any of
said instruments; and the Trustees shall be deemed to have the foregoing
powers with respect to any additional securities in which the Trust may
invest should the Fundamental Policies be amended.
The Trustees shall not be limited to investing in obligations maturing before
the possible termination of the Trust, nor shall the Trustees be limited by any
law limiting the investments which may be made by fiduciaries.
Section 3.3. LEGAL TITLE. Legal title to all the Trust Property shall be
vested in the Trustees as joint tenants except that the Trustees shall have
power to cause legal title to any Trust Property to be held by or in the name of
one or more of the Trustees, or in the name of the Trust, or in the name of any
other Person as nominee, on such terms as the Trustees may determine, provided
that the interest of the Trust therein is appropriately protected. The right,
title and interest of the Trustees in the Trust Property shall vest
automatically in each Person who may hereafter become a Trustee. Upon the
resignation, removal or death of a Trustee he shall automatically cease to have
any right, title or interest in any of the Trust Property, and the right, title
and interest of such Trustee in the Trust Property shall vest automatically in
the remaining Trustees. Such vesting and cessation of title shall be effective
whether or not conveyancing documents have been executed and delivered.
SECTION 3.4. ISSUANCE AND REPURCHASE OF SECURITIES. The Trustees shall
have the power to issue, sell, repurchase, redeem, retire, cancel, acquire,
hold, resell, reissue, dispose of, transfer, and otherwise deal in Shares and,
subject to the provisions set forth in Articles VII, VIII and IX and Section
6.9 hereof, to apply to any such repurchase, redemption, retirement,
cancellation or acquisition of Shares any funds or property of the Trust,
whether capital or surplus or otherwise, to the full extent now or hereafter
permitted by the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts governing business
corporations.
SECTION 3.5. BORROWING MONEY; LENDING TRUST ASSETS. Subject to the
Fundamental Policies, the Trustees shall have power to borrow money or otherwise
obtain credit and to secure the same by mortgaging, pledging or otherwise
subjecting as security the assets of the Trust, to endorse, guarantee, or
undertake the performance of any obligation, contract or engagement of any other
Person and to lend Trust assets.
SECTION 3.6. DELEGATION; COMMITTEES. The Trustees shall have power,
consistent with their continuing exclusive authority over the management of the
Trust and the Trust Property, to delegate from time to time to such of their
number or to officers, employees or agents of the Trust the doing of such things
and the execution of such instruments either in the name of the Trust or the
names of the Trustees or otherwise as the Trustees may deem expedient.
SECTION 3.7. COLLECTION AND PAYMENT. Subject to Section 6.9 hereof, the
Trustees shall have power to collect all property due to the Trust; to pay all
claims, including taxes, against the Trust Property; to prosecute, defend,
compromise or abandon any claims relating to the Trust Property; to foreclose
any security interest securing any obligations, by virtue of which any property
is owed to the Trust; and to enter into releases, agreements and other
instruments.
SECTION 3.8. EXPENSES. Subject to Section 6.9 hereof, the Trustees shall
have the power to incur and pay any expenses which in the opinion of the
Trustees are necessary or incidental to carry
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out any of the purposes of the Declaration, and to pay reasonable compensation
from the funds of the Trust to themselves as Trustees. The Trustees shall fix
the compensation of all officers, employees and Trustees.
SECTION 3.9. MANNER OF ACTING; BY-LAWS. Except as otherwise provided
herein or in the By-Laws or by any provision of law, any action to be taken by
the Trustees may be taken by a majority of the Trustees present at a meeting of
Trustees (a quorum being present), including any meeting held by means of a
conference telephone circuit or similar communications equipment by means of
which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, or by
written consents of all the Trustees. The Trustees may adopt By-Laws not
inconsistent with this Declaration to provide for the conduct of the business of
the Trust and may amend or repeal such By-Laws to the extent such power is not
reserved to the Shareholders.
SECTION 3.10. MISCELLANEOUS POWERS. The Trustees shall have the power to:
(a) employ or contract with such Persons as the Trustees may deem desirable for
the transaction of the business of the Trust or any Series thereof; (b) enter
into joint ventures, partnerships and any other combinations or associations;
(c) remove Trustees or fill vacancies in or add to their number, elect and
remove such officers and appoint and terminate such agents or employees as they
consider appropriate, and appoint from their own number, and terminate, any one
or more committees which may exercise some or all of the power and authority of
the Trustees as the Trustees may determine; (d) purchase, and pay for out of
Trust Property or the property of the appropriate Series of the Trust, insurance
policies insuring the Shareholders, Trustees, officers, employees, agents,
investment advisers, distributors, selected dealers or independent contractors
of the Trust against all claims arising by reason of holding any such position
or by reason of any action taken or omitted to be taken by any such Person in
such capacity, whether or not constituting negligence, or whether or not the
Trust would have the power to indemnify such Person against such liability; (e)
establish pension, profit-sharing, Share purchase, and other retirement,
incentive and benefit plans for any Trustees, officers, employees and agents of
the Trust; (f) to the extent permitted by law, indemnify any person with whom
the Trust or any Series thereof has dealings, including any Investment Adviser,
Distributor, Transfer Agent and selected dealers, to such extent as the Trustees
shall determine; (g) guarantee indebtedness or contractual obligations of
others; (h) determine and change the fiscal year of the Trust or any Series
thereof and the method by which its accounts shall be kept; and (i) adopt a seal
for the Trust but the absence of such seal shall not impair the validity of any
instrument executed on behalf of the Trust.
SECTION 3.11. PRINCIPAL TRANSACTIONS. Except in transactions permitted by
the 1940 Act or any rule or regulation thereunder, or any order of exemption
issued by the Commission, or effected to implement the provisions of any
agreement to which the Trust is a party, the Trustees shall not, on behalf of
the Trust, buy any securities (other than Shares) from or sell any securities
(other than Shares) to, or lend any assets of the Trust or any Series thereof
to, any Trustee or officer of the Trust or any firm of which any such Trustee or
officer is a member acting as principal, or have any such dealings with any
Investment Adviser, Distributor or Transfer Agent or with any Affiliated Person
of such Person; but the Trust or any Series thereof may employ any such Person,
or firm or company in which such Person is an Interested Person, as broker,
legal counsel, registrar, transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent or custodian
upon customary terms.
SECTION 3.12. LITIGATION. The Trustees shall have the power to engage in
and to prosecute, defend, compromise, abandon, or adjust, by arbitration, or
otherwise, any actions, suits, proceedings, disputes, claims, and demands
relating to the Trust, and out of the assets of the Trust or any Series thereof
to pay or to satisfy any debts, claims or expenses incurred in connection
therewith, including those of litigation, and such power shall include without
limitation the power of the Trustees or any appropriate committee thereof, in
the exercise of their or its good faith business judgment, to dismiss any
action, suit, proceeding, dispute, claim, or demand, derivative or otherwise,
brought by any person, including a Shareholder in its own name or the name of
the Trust, whether or not the Trust or any of the Trustees may be named
individually therein or the subject matter arises by reason of business for or
on behalf of the Trust.
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ARTICLE IV
INVESTMENT ADVISER, DISTRIBUTOR, CUSTODIAN AND TRANSFER AGENT
SECTION 4.1. INVESTMENT ADVISER. Subject to approval by a Majority
Shareholder Vote, the Trustees may in their discretion from time to time enter
into one or more investment advisory or management contracts or, if the Trustees
establish multiple Series, separate investment advisory or management contracts
with respect to one or more Series whereby the other party or parties to any
such contracts shall undertake to furnish the Trust or such Series such
management, investment advisory, administration, accounting, legal, statistical
and research facilities and services, promotional or marketing activities, and
such other facilities and services, if any, as the Trustees shall from time to
time consider desirable and all upon such terms and conditions as the Trustees
may in their discretion determine. Notwithstanding any provisions of the
Declaration, the Trustees may authorize the Investment Advisers, or any of them,
under any such contracts (subject to such general or specific instructions as
the Trustees may from time to time adopt) to effect purchases, sales, loans or
exchanges of portfolio securities and other investments of the Trust on behalf
of the Trustees or may authorize any officer, employee or Trustee to effect such
purchases, sales, loans or exchanges pursuant to recommendations of such
Investment Advisers, or any of them (and all without further action by the
Trustees). Any such purchases, sales, loans and exchanges shall be deemed to
have been authorized by all of the Trustees. The Trustees may, in their sole
discretion, call a meeting of Shareholders in order to submit to a vote of
Shareholders at such meeting the approval or continuance of any such investment
advisory or management contract. If the Shareholders of any one or more of the
Series of the Trust should fail to approve any such investment advisory or
management contract, the Investment Adviser may nonetheless serve as Investment
Adviser with respect to any Series whose Shareholders approve such contract.
SECTION 4.2. ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES. The Trustees may in their
discretion from time to time contract for administrative personnel and services
whereby the other party shall agree to provide the Trustees or the Trust
administrative personnel and services to operate the Trust on a daily or other
basis, on such terms and conditions as the Trustees may in their discretion
determine. Such services may be provided by one or more persons or entities.
SECTION 4.3. DISTRIBUTOR. The Trustees may in their discretion from time
to time enter into one or more contracts, providing for the sale of Shares to
net the Trust or the applicable Series of the Trust not less than the net asset
value per Share (as described in Article VIII hereof) and pursuant to which the
Trust may either agree to sell the Shares to the other parties to the contracts,
or any of them, or appoint any such other party its sales agent for such Shares.
In either case, any such contract shall be on such terms and conditions as the
Trustees may in their discretion determine not inconsistent with the provisions
of this Article IV, including, without limitation, the provision for the
repurchase or sale of shares of the Trust by such other party as principal or as
agent of the Trust.
SECTION 4.4. TRANSFER AGENT. The Trustees may in their discretion from
time to time enter into a transfer agency and shareholder service contract
whereby the other party to such contract shall undertake to furnish transfer
agency and shareholder services to the Trust. The contract shall have such terms
and conditions as the Trustees may in their discretion determine not
inconsistent with the Declaration. Such services may be provided by one or more
Persons.
SECTION 4.5. CUSTODIAN. The Trustees may appoint or otherwise engage one
or more banks or trust companies, each having an aggregate capital, surplus and
undivided profits (as shown in its last published report) of at least five
million dollars ($5,000,000) to serve as Custodian with authority as its agent,
but subject to such restrictions, limitations and other requirements, if any, as
may be contained in the By-Laws of the Trust.
SECTION 4.6. PARTIES TO CONTRACT. Any contract of the character described
in Sections 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 or 4.5 of this Article IV and any other contract
may be entered into with any Person, although one or more of the Trustees or
officers of the Trust may be an officer, director, trustee, shareholder,
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or member of such other party to the contract, and no such contract shall be
invalidated or rendered voidable by reason of the existence of any such
relationship; nor shall any Person holding such relationship be liable merely by
reason of such relationship for any loss or expense to the Trust under or by
reason of said contract or accountable for any profit realized directly or
indirectly therefrom, provided that the contract when entered into was not
inconsistent with the provisions of this Article IV. The same Person may be the
other party to any contracts entered into pursuant to Sections 4.1, 4.2, 4.3,
4.4 or 4.5 above or otherwise, and any individual may be financially interested
or otherwise affiliated with Persons who are parties to any or all of the
contracts mentioned in this Section 4.6.
ARTICLE V
LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY OF SHAREHOLDERS,
TRUSTEES AND OTHERS
SECTION 5.1. NO PERSONAL LIABILITY OF SHAREHOLDERS, TRUSTEES, ETC. No
Shareholder shall be subject to any personal liability whatsoever to any Person
in connection with Trust Property or the acts, obligations or affairs of the
Trust. No Trustee, officer, employee or agent of the Trust shall be subject to
any personal liability whatsoever to any Person, other than the Trust or its
Shareholders, in connection with the Trust Property or the affairs of the Trust,
save only that arising from bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or
reckless disregard for his duty to such Person; and all such Persons shall look
solely to the Trust Property, or to the Property of one or more specific Series
of the Trust if the claim arises from the conduct of such Trustee, officer,
employee or agent with respect to only such Series, for satisfaction of claims
of any nature arising in connection with the affairs of the Trust. If any
Shareholder, Trustee, officer, employee or agent, as such, of the Trust is made
a party to any suit or proceeding to enforce any such liability, he shall not,
on account thereof, be held to any personal liability. The Trust shall indemnify
and hold each Shareholder harmless from and against all claims and liabilities,
to which such Shareholder may become subject by reason of his being or having
been a Shareholder, and shall reimburse such Shareholder for all legal and other
expenses reasonably incurred by him in connection with any such claim or
liability; provided that, in the event the Trust shall consist of more than one
Series, Shareholders of a particular Series who are faced with claims or
liabilities solely by reason of their status as Shareholders of that Series
shall be limited to the assets of that Series for recovery of such loss and
related expenses. The rights accruing to a Shareholder under this SECTION 5.1
shall not exclude any other right to which such Shareholder may be lawfully
entitled, nor shall anything herein contained restrict the right of the Trust to
indemnify or reimburse a Shareholder in any appropriate situation even though
not specifically provided herein.
SECTION 5.2. NON-LIABILITY OF TRUSTEES, ETC. No Trustee, officer,
employee or agent of the Trust shall be liable to the Trust, its Shareholders,
or to any Shareholder, Trustee, officer, employee, or agent thereof for any
action or failure to act (including without limitation the failure to compel in
any way any former or acting Trustee to redress any breach of trust) except for
his own bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard
of his duties.
SECTION 5.3. INDEMNIFICATION. (a) The Trustees shall provide for
indemnification by the Trust, or by one or more Series thereof if the claim
arises from his or her conduct with respect to only such Series, of any person
who is, or has been, a Trustee, officer, employee or agent of the Trust against
all liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him in
connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding in which he becomes
involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his being or having been a
Trustee, officer, employee or agent and against amounts paid or incurred by him
in the settlement thereof, in such manner as the Trustees may provide from time
to time in the By-Laws.
(b) The words "claim," "action," "suit," or "proceeding" shall apply to
all claims, actions, suits or proceedings (civil, criminal, or other, including
appeals), actual or threatened; and the words "liability" and "expenses" shall
include, without limitation, attorneys' fees, costs, judgments, amounts paid in
settlement, fines, penalties and other liabilities.
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SECTION 5.4. NO BOND REQUIRED OF TRUSTEES. No Trustee shall be obligated
to give any bond or other security for the performance of any of his duties
hereunder.
SECTION 5.5. NO DUTY OF INVESTIGATION; NOTICE IN TRUST INSTRUMENTS, ETC.
No purchaser, lender, transfer agent or other Person dealing with the Trustees
or any officer, employee or agent of the Trust or a Series thereof shall be
bound to make any inquiry concerning the validity of any transaction purporting
to be made by the Trustees or by said officer, employee or agent or be liable
for the application of money or property paid, loaned or delivered to or on the
order of the Trustees or of said officer, employee or agent. Every obligation,
contract, instrument, certificate, Share, other security of the Trust or a
Series thereof or undertaking, and every other act or thing whatsoever executed
in connection with the Trust shall be conclusively presumed to have been
executed or done by the executors thereof only in their capacity as officers,
employees or agents of the Trust or a Series thereof. Every written obligation,
contract, instrument, certificate, Share, other security of the Trust or
undertaking made or issued by the Trustees shall recite that the same is
executed or made by them not individually, but as Trustees under the
Declaration, and that the obligations of the Trust or a Series thereof under any
such instrument are not binding upon any of the Trustees or Shareholders,
individually, but bind only the Trust Estate (or, in the event the Trust shall
consist of more than one Series, in the case of any such obligation
which relates to a specific Series, only the Series which is a party thereto),
and may contain any further recital which they or he may deem appropriate, but
the omission of such recital shall not affect the validity of such obligation,
contract instrument, certificate, Share, security or undertaking and shall not
operate to bind the Trustees or Shareholders individually. The Trustees shall at
all times maintain insurance for the protection of the Trust Property, its
Shareholders, Trustees, officers, employees and agents in such amount as the
Trustees shall deem adequate to cover possible tort liability, and such other
insurance as the Trustees in their sole judgment shall deem advisable.
SECTION 5.6. RELIANCE ON EXPERTS, ETC. Each Trustee and officer or
employee of the Trust shall, in the performance of his duties, be fully and
completely justified and protected with regard to any act or any failure to act
resulting from reliance in good faith upon the books of account or other records
of the Trust, upon an opinion of counsel, or upon reports made to the Trust by
any of its officers or employees or by any Investment Adviser, Distributor,
Transfer Agent, selected dealers, accountants, appraisers or other experts or
consultants selected with reasonable care by the Trustees, officers or employees
of the Trust, regardless of whether such counsel or expert may also be a
Trustee.
ARTICLE VI
SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
SECTION 6.1. BENEFICIAL INTEREST. The interest of the beneficiaries
hereunder shall be divided into transferable shares of beneficial interest of
$.01 par value. The number of such shares of beneficial interest authorized
hereunder is unlimited. The Trustees shall have the authority to establish and
designate one or more Series of classes or shares. Each share of any Series
shall represent an equal proportionate share in the assets of that Series with
each other Share in that Series. The Trustees may divide or combine the shares
of any Series into a greater or lesser number of shares in that Series without
thereby changing the proportionate interests in the assets of that Series.
Subject to the provisions of Section 6.9 hereof, the Trustees may also authorize
the creation of additional series of shares (the proceeds of which may be
invested in separate, independently managed portfolios) and additional classes
of shares within any series. All Shares issued hereunder including, without
limitation, Shares issued in connection with a dividend in Shares or a split in
Shares, shall be fully paid and nonassessable.
SECTION 6.2. RIGHTS OF SHAREHOLDERS. The ownership of the Trust Property
of every description and the right to conduct any business hereinbefore
described are vested exclusively in the Trustees, and the Shareholders shall
have no interest therein other than the beneficial interest conferred by their
Shares, and they shall have no right to call for any partition or division of
any property, profits,
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rights or interests of the Trust nor can they be called upon to assume any
losses of the Trust or suffer an assessment of any kind by virtue of their
ownership of Shares. The Shares shall be personal property giving only the
rights in the Declaration specifically set forth. The Shares shall not entitle
the holder to preference, preemptive, appraisal, conversion or exchange rights,
except as the Trustees may determine with respect to any series of Shares.
SECTION 6.3. TRUST ONLY. It is the intention of the Trustees to create
only the relationship of Trustee and beneficiary between the Trustees and each
Shareholder from time to time. It is not the intention of the Trustees to create
a general partnership, limited partnership, joint stock association,
corporation, bailment or any form of legal relationship other than a trust.
Nothing in the Declaration shall be construed to make the Shareholders, either
by themselves or with the Trustees, partners or members of a joint stock
association.
SECTION 6.4. ISSUANCE OF SHARES. The Trustees, in their discretion may,
from time to time without vote of the Shareholders, issue Shares of any Series,
in addition to the then issued and outstanding Shares and Shares held in the
treasury, to such party or parties and for such amount and type of
consideration, including cash or property, at such time or times and on such
terms as the Trustees may deem best, and may in such manner acquire other assets
(including the acquisition of assets subject to, and in connection with the
assumption of liabilities) and businesses. In connection with any issuance of
Shares, the Trustees may issue fractional Shares. The Trustees may from time to
time divide or combine the Shares of any Series into a greater or lesser number
without thereby changing the proportionate beneficial interests in that Series.
Contributions to the Trust may be accepted for, and Shares shall be redeemed as,
whole Shares and/or fractions of a Share as described in the Prospectus.
SECTION 6.5. REGISTER OF SHARES. A register shall be kept in respect of
each Series at the principal office of the Trust or at an office of the Transfer
Agent which shall contain the names and addresses of the Shareholders and the
number of Shares of each Series held by them respectively and a record of all
transfers thereof. Such register may be in written form or any other form
capable of being converted into written form within a reasonable time for visual
inspection. Such register shall be conclusive as to who are the holders of the
Shares and who shall be entitled to receive dividends or distributions or
otherwise to exercise or enjoy the rights of Shareholders. No Shareholder shall
be entitled to receive payment of any dividend or distribution, nor to have
notice given to him as herein or in the By-Laws provided, until he has given his
address to the Transfer Agent or such other officer or agent of the Trustees as
shall keep the said register for entry thereon. It is not contemplated that
certificates will be issued for the Shares; however, the Trustees, in their
discretion, may authorize the issuance of Share certificates and promulgate
appropriate rules and regulations as to their use.
SECTION 6.6. TRANSFER OF SHARES. Shares shall be transferable on the
records of the Trust only by the record holder thereof or by his agent thereunto
duly authorized in writing, upon delivery to the Trustees or the Transfer Agent
of a duly executed instrument of transfer, together with such evidence of the
genuineness of each such execution and authorization and of other matters as may
reasonably be required. Upon such delivery the transfer shall be recorded on the
register of the Trust. Until such record is made, the Shareholder of record
shall be deemed to be the holder of such Shares for all purposes hereunder and
neither the Trustees nor any Transfer Agent or registrar nor any officer,
employee or agent of the Trust shall be affected by any notice of the proposed
transfer.
Any person becoming entitled to any Shares in consequence of the death,
bankruptcy, or incompetence of any Shareholder, or otherwise by operation of
law, shall be recorded on the register of Shares as the holder of such Shares
upon production of the proper evidence thereof to the Trustees or the Transfer
Agent, but until such record is made, the Shareholder of record shall be deemed
to be the holder of such Shares for all purposes hereunder and neither the
Trustees nor any Transfer Agent or registrar nor any officer or agent of the
Trust shall be affected by any notice of such death, bankruptcy or incompetence,
or other operation of law, except as may otherwise be provided by the laws of
the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
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SECTION 6.7. NOTICES. Any and all notices to which any Shareholder may be
entitled and any and all communications shall be deemed duly served or given if
mailed, postage prepaid, addressed to any Shareholder of record at his last
known address as recorded on the register of the Trust. Annual reports and proxy
statements need not be sent to a shareholder if: (i) an annual report and proxy
statement for two consecutive annual meetings, or (ii) all, and at least two,
checks (if sent by first class mail) in payment of dividends or interest and
shares during a twelve month period have been mailed to such shareholder's
address and have been returned undelivered. However, delivery of such annual
reports and proxy statements shall resume once a Shareholder's current address
is determined.
SECTION 6.8. VOTING POWERS. The Shareholders shall have power to vote
only (i) for the election of Trustees as provided in Section 2.2 hereof, (ii)
for the removal of Trustees as provided in Section 2.3 hereof, (iii) with
respect to any investment advisory or management contract as provided in Section
4.1, (iv) with respect to termination of the Trust as provided in Section 9.2,
(v) with respect to any amendment of the Declaration to the extent and as
provided in Section 9.3, (vi) with respect to any merger, consolidation or sale
of assets as provided in Section 9.4, (vii) with respect to incorporation of the
Trust to the extent and as provided in Section 9.5, (viii) to the same extent as
the stockholders of a Massachusetts business corporation as to whether or not a
court action, proceeding or claim should or should not be brought or maintained
derivatively or as a class action on behalf of the Trust or the Shareholders
(provided that Shareholders of a Series are not entitled to vote in connection
with the bringing of a derivative or class action with respect to any matter
which only affects another other Series or its Shareholders), (ix) with respect
to any plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 (or any successor rule) under the
1940 Act and (x) with respect to such additional matters relating to the Trust
as may be required by law, the Declaration, the By-Laws or any registration of
the Trust with the Commission (or any successor agency) or any state, or as and
when the Trustees may consider necessary or desirable. Each whole Share shall be
entitled to one vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to vote and each
fractional Share shall be entitled to a proportionate fractional vote, except
that Shares held in the treasury of the Trust as of the record date, as
determined in accordance with the By-Laws, shall not be voted. On any matter
submitted to a vote of Shareholders, all Shares shall be voted by individual
Series except (1) when required by the 1940 Act, Shares shall be voted in the
aggregate and not by individual Series; and (2) when the Trustees have
determined that the matter affects only the interests of one or more Series,
then only the Shareholders of such Series shall be entitled to vote thereon. The
Trustees may, in conjunction with the establishment of any further Series or any
classes of Shares, establish conditions under which the several series or
classes of Shares shall have separate voting rights or no voting rights. There
shall be no cumulative voting in the election of Trustees. Until Shares are
issued, the Trustees may exercise all rights of Shareholders and may take any
action required by law, the Declaration or the By-Laws to be taken by
Shareholders. The By-Laws may include further provisions for Shareholders' votes
and meetings and related matters.
SECTION 6.9. SERIES OR CLASSES OF SHARES. The following provisions are
applicable regarding the Series of Shares of the Trust established in Section
6.1 hereof and shall be applicable if the Trustees shall establish additional
Series or shall divide the shares of any Series into two or more classes, also
as provided in Section 6.1 hereof, and all provisions relating to the Trust
shall apply equally to each Series thereof except as the context requires:
(a) The number of authorized shares and the number of shares of each
Series or of each class that may be issued shall be unlimited. The Trustees
may classify or reclassify any unissued shares or any shares previously
issued and reacquired of any Series or class into one or more Series or one
or more classes that may be established and designated from time to time.
The Trustees may hold as treasury shares (of the same or some other Series
or class), reissue for such consideration and on such terms as they may
determine, or cancel any shares of any Series or any class reacquired by
the Trust at their discretion from time to time.
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(b) The power of the Trustees to invest and reinvest the Trust
Property shall be governed by Section 3.2 of this Declaration with respect
to any one or more Series which represents the interests in the assets of
the Trust immediately prior to the establishment of any additional Series
and the power of the Trustees to invest and reinvest assets applicable to
any other Series shall be as set forth in the instrument of the Trustees
establishing such series which is hereinafter described.
(c) All consideration received by the Trust for the issue or sale of
shares of a particular Series or class together with all assets in which
such consideration is invested or reinvested, all income, earnings,
profits, and proceeds thereof, including any proceeds derived from the
sale, exchange or liquidation of such assets, and any funds or payments
derived from any reinvestment of such proceeds in whatever form the same
may be, shall irrevocably belong to that Series or class for all purposes,
subject only to the rights of creditors, and shall be so recorded upon the
books of account of the Trust. In the event that there are any assets,
income, earnings, profits, and proceeds thereof, funds, or payments which
are not readily identifiable as belonging to any particular Series or
class, the Trustees shall allocate them among any one or more of the Series
or classes established and designated from time to time in such manner and
on such basis as they, in their sole discretion, deem fair and equitable.
Each such allocation by the Trustees shall be conclusive and binding upon
the shareholders of all Series or classes for all purposes. No holder of
Shares of any Series shall have any claim on or right to any assets
allocated or belonging to any other Series.
(d) The assets belonging to each particular Series shall be charged
with the liabilities of the Trust in respect of that Series and all
expenses, costs, charges and reserves attributable to that Series. All
expenses and liabilities incurred or arising in connection with a
particular Series, or in connection with the management thereof, shall be
payable solely out of the assets of that Series and creditors of a
particular Series shall be entitled to look solely to the property of such
Series for satisfaction of their claims. Any general liabilities, expenses,
costs, charges or reserves of the Trust which are not readily identifiable
as belonging to any particular Series shall be allocated and charged by the
Trustees to and among any one or more of the series established and
designated from time to time in such manner and on such basis as the
Trustees in their sole discretion deem fair and equitable. Each allocation
of liabilities, expenses, costs, charges and reserves by the Trustees shall
be conclusive and binding upon the holders of all Series for all purposes.
The Trustees shall have full discretion, to the extent not inconsistent
with the 1940 Act, to determine which items shall be treated as income and
which items as capital; and each such determination and allocation shall be
conclusive and binding upon the shareholders.
(e) The power of the Trustees to pay dividends and make distributions
shall be governed by Section 8.2 of this Declaration with respect to any
one or more Series or classes which represents the interests in the assets
of the Trust immediately prior to the establishment of any additional
Series or classes. With respect to any other Series or class, dividends and
distributions on shares of a particular Series or class may be paid with
such frequency as the Trustees may determine, which may be daily or
otherwise, pursuant to a standing resolution or resolutions adopted only
once or with such frequency as the Trustees may determine, to the holders
of shares of that Series or class, from such of the income and capital
gains, accrued or realized, from the assets belonging to that Series or
class, as the Trustees may determine, after providing for actual and
accrued liabilities belonging to that Series or class. All dividends and
distributions on shares of a particular Series or class shall be
distributed pro rata to the holders of that Series or class in proportion
to the number of shares of that Series or class held by such holders at the
date and time of record established for the payment of such dividends or
distributions.
(f) The Trustees shall have the power to determine the designations,
preferences, privileges, limitations and rights, including voting and
dividend rights, of each class and Series of Shares.
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(g) Subject to compliance with the requirements of the 1940 Act, the
Trustees shall have the authority to provide that the holders of Shares of
any Series or class shall have the right to convert or exchange said Shares
into Shares of one or more Series of Shares in accordance with such
requirements and procedures as may be established by the Trustees.
(h) The establishment and designation of any Series or class of
shares in addition to those established in Section 6.1 hereof shall be
effective upon the execution by a majority of the then Trustees of an
instrument setting forth such establishment and designation and the
relative rights, preferences, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as
to dividends, qualifications, and terms and conditions of redemption of
such Series or class, or as otherwise provided in such instrument. At any
time that there are no shares outstanding of any particular Series or class
previously established and designated, the Trustees may by an instrument
executed by a majority of their number abolish that Series or class and the
establishment and designation thereof. Each instrument referred to in this
paragraph shall have the status of an amendment to this Declaration.
(i) Shareholders of a Series shall not be entitled to participate in
a derivative or class action with respect to any matter which only affects
another Series or its Shareholders.
(j) Each Share of a Series of the Trust shall represent a beneficial
interest in the net assets of such Series. Each holder of Shares of a
Series shall be entitled to receive his pro rata share of distributions of
income and capital gains made with respect to such Series. In the event of
the liquidation of a particular Series, the Shareholders of that Series
which has been established and designated and which is being liquidated
shall be entitled to receive, when and as declared by the Trustees, the
excess of the assets belonging to that Series over the liabilities
belonging to that Series. The holders of Shares of any Series shall not be
entitled hereby to any distribution upon liquidation of any other Series.
The assets so distributable to the Shareholders of any Series shall be
distributed among such Shareholders in proportion to the number of Shares
of that Series held by them and recorded on the books of the Trust. The
liquidation of any particular Series in which there are Shares then
outstanding may be authorized by an instrument in writing, without a
meeting, signed by a majority of the Trustees then in office, subject to
the approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of that
Series, as that phrase is defined in the 1940 Act.
ARTICLE VII
REDEMPTIONS
SECTION 7.1. REDEMPTIONS. Each Shareholder of a particular Series shall
have the right at such times as may be permitted by the Trust to require the
Trust to redeem all or any part of his Shares of that Series, upon and subject
to the terms and conditions provided in this Article VII. The Trust shall, upon
application of any Shareholder or pursuant to authorization from any
Shareholder, redeem or repurchase from such Shareholder outstanding shares for
an amount per share determined by the Trustees in accordance with any applicable
laws and regulations; provided that (a) such amount per share shall not exceed
the cash equivalent of the proportionate interest of each share or of any class
or Series of shares in the assets of the Trust at the time of the redemption or
repurchase and (b) if so authorized by the Trustees, the Trust may, at any time
and from time to time charge fees for effecting such redemption or repurchase,
at such rates as the Trustees may establish, as and to the extent permitted
under the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and
may, at any time and from time to time, pursuant to such Act and such rules and
regulations, suspend such right of redemption. The procedures for effecting and
suspending redemption shall be as set forth in the Prospectus from time to time.
Payment will be made in such manner as described in the Prospectus.
SECTION 7.2. REDEMPTION AT THE OPTION OF THE TRUST. Each Share of the
Trust or any Series of the Trust shall be subject to redemption at the option of
the Trust at the redemption price which would be applicable if such Share were
then being redeemed by the Shareholder pursuant to Section 7.1:
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(i) at any time, if the Trustees determine in their sole discretion that failure
to so redeem may have materially adverse consequences to the holders of the
Shares of the Trust or of any Series, or (ii) upon such other conditions with
respect to maintenance of Shareholder accounts of a minimum amount as may from
time to time be determined by the Trustees and set forth in the then current
Prospectus of the Trust. Upon such redemption the holders of the Shares so
redeemed shall have no further right with respect thereto other than to receive
payment of such redemption price.
SECTION 7.3. EFFECT OF SUSPENSION OF DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE.
If, pursuant to Section 7.4 hereof, the Trustees shall declare a suspension of
the determination of net asset value with respect to Shares of the Trust or of
any Series thereof, the rights of Shareholders (including those who shall have
applied for redemption pursuant to Section 7.1 hereof but who shall not yet have
received payment) to have Shares redeemed and paid for by the Trust or a Series
thereof shall be suspended until the termination of such suspension is declared.
Any record holder who shall have his redemption right so suspended may, during
the period of such suspension, by appropriate written notice of revocation at
the office or agency where application was made, revoke any application for
redemption not honored and withdraw any certificates on deposit. The redemption
price of Shares for which redemption applications have not been revoked shall be
the net asset value of such Shares next determined as set forth in Section 8.1
after the termination of such suspension, and payment shall be made within seven
(7) days after the date upon which the application was made plus the period
after such application during which the determination of net asset value was
suspended.
SECTION 7.4. SUSPENSION OF RIGHT OF REDEMPTION. The Trust may declare a
suspension of the right of redemption or postpone the date of payment or
redemption for the whole or any part of any period (i) during which the New York
Stock Exchange is closed other than customary weekend and holiday closings, (ii)
during which trading on the New York Stock Exchange is restricted, (iii) during
which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Trust or a Series
thereof of securities owned by it is not reasonably practicable or it is not
reasonably practicable for the Trust or a Series thereof fairly to determine the
value of its net assets, or (iv) during any other period when the Commission may
for the protection of security holders of the Trust by order permit suspension
of the rights of redemption or postponement of the date of payment or
redemption; provided that applicable rules and regulations of the Commission
shall govern as to whether the conditions prescribed in (ii), (iii) or (iv)
exist. Such suspension shall take effect at such time as the Trust shall specify
but not later than the close of business on the business day next following the
declaration of suspension, and thereafter there shall be no right of redemption
or payment on redemption until the Trust shall declare the suspension at an end,
except that the suspension shall terminate in any event on the first day on
which said stock exchange shall have reopened or the period specified in (ii) or
(iii) shall have expired (as to which in the absence of an official ruling by
the Commission, the determination of the Trust shall be conclusive). In the case
of a suspension of the right of redemption, a Shareholder may either withdraw
his request for redemption or receive payment based on the net asset value
existing after the termination of the suspension.
ARTICLE VIII
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE,
NET INCOME AND DISTRIBUTIONS
SECTION 8.1. NET ASSET VALUE. The net asset value of each outstanding
Share of each Series of the Trust shall be determined on such days and at such
time or times as the Trustees may determine. The method of determination of net
asset value shall be determined by the Trustees and shall be as set forth in the
Prospectus. The power and duty to make the daily calculations may be delegated
by the Trustees to any Investment Adviser, the Custodian, the Transfer Agent or
such other person as the Trustees by resolution may determine. The Trustees may
suspend the daily determination of net asset value to the extent permitted by
the 1940 Act.
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SECTION 8.2. DISTRIBUTIONS TO SHAREHOLDERS. The Trustees shall from time
to time distribute ratably among the Shareholders of the Trust or of any Series
such proportion of the net income, earnings, profits, gains, surplus (including
paid-in surplus), capital, or assets of the Trust or of such Series held by the
Trustees as they may deem proper. Such distribution may be made in cash or
property (including without limitation any type of obligations of the Trust or
of such Series or any assets thereof), and the Trustees may distribute ratably
among the Shareholders of the Trust or of that Series additional Shares issuable
hereunder in such manner, at such times, and on such terms as the Trustees may
deem proper. Such distributions may be among the Shareholders of record
(determined in accordance with the Prospectus) of the Trust or of such Series at
the time of declaring a distribution or among the Shareholders of record of the
Trust or of such Series at such later date as the Trustees shall determine. The
Trustees may always retain from the net income, earnings, profits or gains of
the Trust or of such Series such amount as they may deem necessary to pay the
debts or expenses of the Trust or of such Series or to meet obligations of the
Trust or of such Series, or as they may deem desirable to use in the conduct of
its affairs or to retain for future requirements or extensions of the business.
The Trustees may adopt and offer to Shareholders of the Trust or of any Series
such dividend reinvestment plans, cash dividend payout plans or related plans as
the Trustees deem appropriate.
Inasmuch as the computation of net income and gains for Federal income tax
purposes may vary from the computation thereof on the books, the above
provisions shall be interpreted to give the Trustees the power in their
discretion to distribute for any fiscal year as ordinary dividends and as
capital gains distributions, respectively, additional amounts sufficient to
enable the Trust to avoid or reduce liability for taxes.
SECTION 8.3. DETERMINATION OF NET INCOME. The Trustees shall have the
power to determine the net income of any Series of the Trust and from time to
time to distribute such net income ratably among the Shareholders as dividends
in cash or additional Shares of such Series issuable hereunder. The
determination of net income and the resultant declaration of dividends shall be
as set forth in the Prospectus. The Trustees shall have full discretion to
determine whether any cash or property received by any Series of the Trust shall
be treated as income or as principal and whether any item of expense shall be
charged to the income or the principal account, and their determination made in
good faith shall be conclusive upon the Shareholders. In the case of stock
dividends received, the Trustees shall have full discretion to determine, in the
light of the particular circumstances, how much, if any, of the value thereof
shall be treated as income, the balance, if any, to be treated as principal.
SECTION 8.4. POWER TO MODIFY FOREGOING PROCEDURES. Notwithstanding any of
the foregoing provisions of this Article VIII, the Trustees may prescribe, in
their absolute discretion, such other bases and times for determining the per
Share net asset value of the Shares or net income, or the declaration and
payment of dividends and distributions, as they may deem necessary or desirable
to enable the Trust to comply with any provision of the 1940 Act, or any rule or
regulation thereunder, including any rule or regulation adopted pursuant to
Section 22 of the 1940 Act by the Commission or any securities association
registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or any order of exemption
issued by said Commission, all as in effect now or hereafter amended or
modified. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Trustees may
establish classes or additional Series of Shares in accordance with Section 6.9.
ARTICLE IX
DURATION; TERMINATION OF TRUST; AMENDMENT; MERGERS, ETC.
SECTION 9.1. DURATION. The Trust shall continue without limitation of
time but subject to the provisions of this Article IX.
SECTION 9.2. TERMINATION OF TRUST. (a) The Trust or any Series may be
terminated (i) by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than
two-thirds of the Shares outstanding and entitled to vote at any meeting of
Shareholders of the Trust or the appropriate Series
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thereof, (ii) by an instrument in writing, without a meeting, signed by a
majority of the Trustees and consented to by a Majority Shareholder Vote of
the Trust or the appropriate Series thereof, or by such other vote as may be
established by the Trustees with respect to any class or Series of Shares, or
(iii) with respect to a Series as provided in Section 6.9(h). Upon the
termination of the Trust or the Series:
(i) The Trust or the Series shall carry on no business except for
the purpose of winding up its affairs.
(ii) The Trustees shall proceed to wind up the affairs of the Trust
or the Series and all of the powers of the Trustees under this Declaration
shall continue until the affairs of the Trust shall have been wound up,
including the power to fulfill or discharge the contracts of the Trust or
the Series, collect its assets, sell, convey, assign, exchange, transfer or
otherwise dispose of all or any part of the remaining Trust Property or
Trust Property allocated or belonging to such Series to one or more persons
at public or private sale for consideration which may consist in whole or
in part of cash, securities or other property of any kind, discharge or pay
its liabilities, and to do all other acts appropriate to liquidate its
business; provided that any sale, conveyance, assignment, exchange,
transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all the Trust
Property or Trust Property allocated or belonging to such Series shall
require Shareholder approval in accordance with Section 9.4 hereof.
(iii) After paying or adequately providing for the payment of all
liabilities, and upon receipt of such releases, indemnities and refunding
agreements, as they deem necessary for their protection, the Trustees may
distribute the remaining Trust Property or Trust Property allocated or
belonging to such Series, in cash or in kind or partly each, among the
Shareholders of the Trust according to their respective rights.
SECTION 9.3. AMENDMENT PROCEDURE. (a) This Declaration may be amended by
a Majority Shareholder Vote, at a meeting of Shareholders, or by written consent
without a meeting. The Trustees may also amend this Declaration without the vote
or consent of Shareholders (i) to change the name of the Trust or any Series or
classes of Shares, (ii) to supply any omission, or cure, correct or supplement
any ambiguous, defective or inconsistent provision hereof, (iii) if they deem it
necessary to conform this Declaration to the requirements of applicable federal
or state laws or regulations or the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code,
or to eliminate or reduce any federal, state or local taxes which are or may be
payable by the Trust or the Shareholders, but the Trustees shall not be liable
for failing to do so, or (iv) for any other purpose which does not adversely
affect the rights of any Shareholder with respect to which the amendment is or
purports to be applicable.
(b) No amendment may be made under this Section 9.3 which would change any
rights with respect to any Shares of the Trust or of any Series of the Trust by
reducing the amount payable thereon upon liquidation of the Trust or of such
Series of the Trust or by diminishing or eliminating any voting rights
pertaining thereto, except with the vote or consent of the holders of
two--thirds of the Shares of the Trust or of such Series outstanding and
entitled to vote, or by such other vote as may be established by the Trustees
with respect to any Series or class of Shares. Nothing contained in this
Declaration shall permit the amendment of this Declaration to impair the
exemption from personal liability of the Shareholders, Trustees, officers,
employees and agents of the Trust or to permit assessments upon Shareholders.
(c) A certificate signed by a majority of the Trustees or by the Secretary
or any Assistant Secretary of the Trust, setting forth an amendment and reciting
that it was duly adopted by the Shareholders or by the Trustees as aforesaid or
a copy of the Declaration, as amended, and executed by a majority of the
Trustees or certified by the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the Trust,
shall be conclusive evidence of such amendment when lodged among the records of
the Trust. Unless such amendment or such certificate sets forth some later time
for the effectiveness of such amendment, such amendment shall be effective when
lodged among the records of the Trust.
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Notwithstanding any other provision hereof, until such time as a
Registration Statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, covering
the first public offering of securities of the Trust shall have become
effective, this Declaration may be terminated or amended in any respect by the
affirmative vote of a majority of the Trustees or by an instrument signed by a
majority of the Trustees.
SECTION 9.4. MERGER, CONSOLIDATION AND SALE OF ASSETS. The Trust or any
Series thereof may merge or consolidate with any other corporation, association,
trust or other organization or may sell, lease or exchange all or substantially
all of the Trust Property or Trust Property allocated or belonging to such
Series, including its good will, upon such terms and conditions and for such
consideration when and as authorized, at any meeting of Shareholders called for
the purpose, by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds
of the Shares of the Trust or such Series outstanding and entitled to vote, or
by an instrument or instruments in writing without a meeting, consented to by
the holders of not less than two-thirds of such Shares, or by such other vote as
may be established by the Trustees with respect to any series or class of
Shares; provided, however, that, if such merger, consolidation, sale, lease or
exchange is recommended by the Trustees, a Majority Shareholder Vote shall be
sufficient authorization; and any such merger, consolidation, sale, lease or
exchange shall be deemed for all purposes to have been accomplished under and
pursuant to the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
SECTION 9.5. INCORPORATION. With approval of a Majority Shareholder Vote,
or by such other vote as may be established by the Trustees with respect to any
Series or class of Shares, the Trustees may cause to be organized or assist in
organizing a corporation or corporations under the laws of any jurisdiction or
any other trust, partnership, association or other organization to take over all
of the Trust Property or the Trust Property allocated or belonging to such
Series or to carry on any business in which the Trust shall directly or
indirectly have any interest, and to sell, convey and transfer the Trust
Property or the Trust Property allocated or belonging to such Series to any such
corporation, trust, partnership, association or organization in exchange for the
shares or securities thereof or otherwise, and to lend money to, subscribe for
the shares or securities of, and enter into any contracts with any such
corporation, trust, partnership, association or organization in which the Trust
or such Series holds or is about to acquire shares or any other interest. The
Trustees may also cause a merger or consolidation between the Trust or any
successor thereto and any such corporation, trust, partnership, association or
other organization if and to the extent permitted by law, as provided under the
law then in effect. Nothing contained herein shall be construed as requiring
approval of Shareholders for the Trustees to organize or assist in organizing
one or more corporations, trusts, partnerships, associations or other
organizations and selling, conveying or transferring a portion of the Trust
Property to such organization or entities.
ARTICLE X
REPORTS TO SHAREHOLDERS
The Trustees shall at least semi-annually submit or cause the officers of
the Trust to submit to the Shareholders a written financial report of each
Series of the Trust, including financial statements which shall at least
annually be certified by independent public accountants.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
SECTION 11.1. FILING. This Declaration and any amendment hereto shall be
filed in the office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and in
such other places as may be required under the laws of Massachusetts and may
also be filed or recorded in such other places as the Trustees deem appropriate.
Each amendment so filed shall be accompanied by a certificate signed and
acknowledged by a Trustee or by the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the
Trust stating that such action was duly taken in a manner provided herein. A
restated Declaration, integrating into a single instrument all of the provisions
of the Declaration which are then in effect and operative, may be
17
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executed from time to time by a majority of the Trustees and shall, upon filing
with the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, be conclusive evidence
of all amendments contained therein and may thereafter be referred to in lieu of
the original Declaration and the various amendments thereto.
SECTION 11.2. RESIDENT AGENT. The Prentice-Hall Corporation System, Inc.,
84 State Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02109 is the resident agent of the Trust
in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
SECTION 11.3. GOVERNING LAW. This Declaration is executed by the Trustees
and delivered in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and with reference to the
laws thereof and the rights of all parties and the validity and construction of
every provision hereof shall be subject to and construed according to the laws
of said State.
SECTION 11.4. COUNTERPARTS. The Declaration may be simultaneously
executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an
original, and such counterparts, together, shall constitute one and the same
instrument, which shall be sufficiently evidenced by any such original
counterpart.
SECTION 11.5. RELIANCE BY THIRD PARTIES. Any certificate executed by an
individual who, according to the records of the Trust, appears to be a Trustee
hereunder, or Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the Trust, certifying to: (a)
the number or identity of Trustees or Shareholders, (b) the due authorization of
the execution of any instrument or writing, (c) the form of any vote passed at a
meeting of Trustees or Shareholders, (d) the fact that the number of Trustees or
Shareholders present at any meeting or executing any written instrument
satisfies the requirements of this Declaration (e) the form of any By-Laws
adopted by or the identity of any officers elected by the Trustees, or (f) the
existence of any fact or facts which in any manner relate to the affairs of the
Trust, shall be conclusive evidence as to the matters so certified in favor of
any Person dealing with the Trustees and their successors.
SECTION 11.6. PROVISIONS IN CONFLICT WITH LAW OR REGULATIONS. (a) The
provisions of the Declaration are severable, and if the Trustees shall
determine, with the advice of counsel, that any of such provisions is in
conflict with the 1940 Act, the regulated investment company provisions of the
Internal Revenue Code or with other applicable laws and regulations, the
conflicting provisions shall be deemed superseded by such law or regulation to
the extent necessary to eliminate such conflict; provided, however, that such
determination shall not affect any of the remaining provisions of the
Declaration or render invalid or improper any action taken or omitted prior to
such determination.
(b) If any provision of the Declaration shall be held invalid or
unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity or unenforceability shall
pertain only to such provision in such jurisdiction and shall not in any manner
affect such provision in any other jurisdiction or any other provision of the
Declaration in any jurisdiction.
SECTION 11.7. USE OF THE NAME "TCW/DW." Dean Witter Reynolds Inc. ("DWR")
and Trust Company of the West ("TCW") have consented to the use by the Trust of
the identifying name "TCW/DW," which is a property right of DWR and TCW. The
Trust will only use the name "TCW/DW" as a component of its name and for no
other purpose, and will not purport to grant to any third party the right to use
the name "TCW/DW" for any purpose. DWR or TCW, or any corporate affiliate of the
parent of either, may use or grant to others the right to use the name "TCW/DW",
or any combination or abbreviation thereof, as all or a portion of a corporate
or business name or for any commercial purpose, including a grant of such right
to any other investment company. At the request of DWR or TCW or their
respective parents or affiliates, the Trust will take such action as may be
required to provide its consent to the use by DWR or TCW or their respective
parents or affiliates, or any corporate affiliate of such parents or affiliates,
or by any person to whom DWR or TCW or their respective parents or affiliates,
shall have granted the right to the use of the name "TCW/DW," or any combination
or abbreviation thereof. Upon the termination of (i) any management agreement
into which DWR and the Trust may enter, (ii) any investment advisory agreement
into which TCW and the Fund may enter, or (iii) the alliance agreement between
dWR and TCW under which DWR and TCW, or affiliates of either, have agreed to
provide their repsective services pursuant to contracts with the
18
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Trust, the Trust shall, upon request by DWR or TCW or their respective parents
or affiliates, cease to use the name "TCW/DW" as a component of its name, and
shall not use the name, or any combination or abbreviation thereof, as a part of
its name or for any other commercial purpose, and shall cause its officers,
trustees and shareholders to take any and all actions which DWR or TCW or their
respective parents or affiliates, may request to effect the foregoing and to
reconvey to DWR or TCW or their respective parents or affiliates, any and all
rights to such name.
Section 11.8 PRINCIPAL PLACE OF BUSINESS. The principal place of business of
the Trust shall be Two World Trade Center, New York, New York 10048, or such
other location as the Trustees may designate from time to time.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed this Declaration of Trust
this 25th day of February, 1992.
/s/ Charles A. Fiumefreddo /s/ Richard M. DeMartini
- ----------------------------- ----------------------------
Charles A. Fiumefreddo, as Richard M. DeMartini, as
Trustee and not individually Trustee and not individually
Two World Trade Center Two World Trade Center
New York, New York 10048 New York, New York 10048
/s/ Sheldon Curtis
- -----------------------------
Sheldon Curtis, as Trustee
and not individually
Two World Trade Center
New York, New York 10048
STATE OF NEW YORK )
):ss.:
COUNTY OF NEW YORK)
On this 25th day of February, 1992, RICHARD D. DEMARTINI, CHARLES A.
FIUMEFREDDO and SHELDON CURTIS, known to me and known to be the individuals
described in and who executed the foregoing instrument, personally appeared
before me and they severally acknowledged the foregoing instrument to be their
free act and deed.
/s/ BARRY FINK
-----------------------------
Notary Public
BARRY FINK
Notary Public, State of New York
No. 41-4711960
Qualified in Suffolk County
Certificate filed in New York County
Commission Expires Dec. 31, 1992
My commission expires: 12/31, 1992
20
<PAGE>
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this instrument this 25th
day of Feb., 1992.
------------------------------
, as Trustee
and not individually
One Federal Street
Boston, MA 02110
COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS
Suffolk, SS. Boston, MA
Feb. 25, 1992
Then personally appeared the above-named Joseph F. Mozzella who
acknowledged the foregoing instrument to be his free act and deed.
before me.
---------------------------------------
Notary Public
My commission expires:
-----------------
21
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BY-LAWS
OF
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
(AMENDED AND RESTATED AS OF JANUARY 25, 1995)
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
The terms "COMMISSION", "DECLARATION", "DISTRIBUTOR", "INVESTMENT
ADVISER", "MAJORITY SHAREHOLDER VOTE", "1940 ACT", "SHAREHOLDER", "SHARES",
"TRANSFER AGENT", "TRUST", "TRUST PROPERTY", and "TRUSTEES" have the
respective meanings given them in the Declaration of Trust of TCW/DW Latin
American Growth Fund dated February 25, 1992.
ARTICLE II
OFFICES
SECTION 2.1. PRINCIPAL OFFICE. Until changed by the Trustees, the
principal office of the Trust in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts shall be
in the City of Boston, County of Suffolk.
SECTION 2.2. OTHER OFFICES. In addition to its principal office in the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, the Trust may have an office or offices in the
City of New York, State of New York, and at such other places within and
without the Commonwealth as the Trustees may from time to time designate or
the business of the Trust may require.
ARTICLE III
SHAREHOLDERS' MEETINGS
SECTION 3.1. PLACE OF MEETINGS. Meetings of Shareholders shall be held at
such place, within or without the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as may be
designated from time to time by the Trustees.
SECTION 3.2. MEETINGS. Meetings of Shareholders of the Trust shall be held
whenever called by the Trustees or the President of the Trust and whenever
election of a Trustee or Trustees by Shareholders is required by the
provisions of Section 16(a) of the 1940 Act, for that purpose. Meetings of
Shareholders shall also be called by the Secretary upon the written request
of the holders of Shares entitled to vote as otherwise required by Section
16(c) of the 1940 Act and to the extent required by the corporate or business
statute of any state in which the Shares of the Trust are sold, as made
applicable to the Trust by the provisions of Section 2.3 of the Declaration.
Such request shall state the purpose or purposes of such meeting and the
matters proposed to be acted on thereat. Except to the extent otherwise
required by Section 16(c) of the 1940 Act, as made applicable to the Trust by
the provisions of Section 2.3 of the Declaration, the Secretary shall inform
such Shareholders of the reasonable estimated cost of preparing and mailing
such notice of the meeting, and upon payment to the Trust of such costs, the
Secretary shall give notice stating the purpose or purposes of the meeting to
all entitled to vote at such meeting. No meeting need be called upon the
request of the holders of Shares entitled to cast less than a majority of all
votes entitled to be cast at such meeting, to consider any matter which is
substantially the same as a matter voted upon at any meeting of Shareholders
held during the preceding twelve months.
SECTION 3.3. NOTICE OF MEETINGS. Written or printed notice of every
Shareholders' meeting stating the place, date, and purpose or purposes
thereof, shall be given by the Secretary not less than ten (10) nor more than
ninety (90) days before such meeting to each Shareholder entitled to vote at
such meeting. Such notice shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the
United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the Shareholder at his
address as it appears on the records of the Trust.
SECTION 3.4. QUORUM AND ADJOURNMENT OF MEETINGS. Except as otherwise
provided by law, by the Declaration or by these By-Laws, at all meetings of
Shareholders the holders of a majority of the Shares
<PAGE>
issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or
represented by proxy, shall be requisite and shall constitute a quorum for
the transaction of business. In the absence of a quorum, the Shareholders
present or represented by proxy and entitled to vote thereat shall have power
to adjourn the meeting from time to time. Any adjourned meeting may be held
as adjourned without further notice. At any adjourned meeting at which a
quorum shall be present, any business may be transacted as if the meeting had
been held as originally called.
SECTION 3.5. VOTING RIGHTS, PROXIES. At each meeting of Shareholders, each
holder of record of Shares entitled to vote thereat shall be entitled to one
vote in person or by proxy, executed in writing by the Shareholder or his
duly authorized attorney-in-fact, for each Share of beneficial interest of
the Trust and for the fractional portion of one vote for each fractional
Share entitled to vote so registered in his name on the records of the Trust
on the date fixed as the record date for the determination of Shareholders
entitled to vote at such meeting. No proxy shall be valid after eleven months
from its date, unless otherwise provided in the proxy. At all meetings of
Shareholders, unless the voting is conducted by inspectors, all questions
relating to the qualification of voters and the validity of proxies and the
acceptance or rejection of votes shall be decided by the chairman of the
meeting. Pursuant to a resolution of a majority of the Trustees, proxies may
be solicited in the name of one or more Trustees or Officers of the Trust.
SECTION 3.6. VOTE REQUIRED. Except as otherwise provided by law, by the
Declaration of Trust, or by these By-Laws, at each meeting of Shareholders at
which a quorum is present, all matters shall be decided by Majority
Shareholder Vote.
SECTION 3.7. INSPECTORS OF ELECTION. In advance of any meeting of
Shareholders, the Trustees may appoint Inspectors of Election to act at the
meeting or any adjournment thereof. If Inspectors of Election are not so
appointed, the chairman of any meeting of Shareholders may, and on the
request of any Shareholder or his proxy shall, appoint Inspectors of Election
of the meeting. In case any person appointed as Inspector fails to appear or
fails or refuses to act, the vacancy may be filled by appointment made by the
Trustees in advance of the convening of the meeting or at the meeting by the
person acting as chairman. The Inspectors of Election shall determine the
number of Shares outstanding, the Shares represented at the meeting, the
existence of a quorum, the authenticity, validity and effect of proxies,
shall receive votes, ballots or consents, shall hear and determine all
challenges and questions in any way arising in connection with the right to
vote, shall count and tabulate all votes or consents, determine the results,
and do such other acts as may be proper to conduct the election or vote with
fairness to all Shareholders. On request of the chairman of the meeting, or
of any Shareholder or his proxy, the Inspectors of Election shall make a
report in writing of any challenge or question or matter determined by them
and shall execute a certificate of any facts found by them.
SECTION 3.8. INSPECTION OF BOOKS AND RECORDS. Shareholders shall have such
rights and procedures of inspection of the books and records of the Trust as
are granted to Shareholders under Section 32 of the Corporations Law of the
State of Massachusetts.
SECTION 3.9. ACTION BY SHAREHOLDERS WITHOUT MEETING. Except as otherwise
provided by law, the provisions of these By-Laws relating to notices and
meetings to the contrary notwithstanding, any action required or permitted to
be taken at any meeting of Shareholders may be taken without a meeting if a
majority of the Shareholders entitled to vote upon the action consent to the
action in writing and such consents are filed with the records of the Trust.
Such consent shall be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting
of Shareholders.
ARTICLE IV
TRUSTEES
SECTION 4.1. MEETINGS OF THE TRUSTEES. The Trustees may in their
discretion provide for regular or special meetings of the Trustees. Regular
meetings of the Trustees may be held at such time and place as shall be
determined from time to time by the Trustees without further notice. Special
meetings of the Trustees may be called at any time by the Chairman and shall
be called by the Chairman or the Secretary upon the written request of any
two (2) Trustees.
2
<PAGE>
SECTION 4.2. NOTICE OF SPECIAL MEETINGS. Written notice of special
meetings of the Trustees, stating the place, date and time thereof, shall be
given not less than two (2) days before such meeting to each Trustee,
personally, by telegram, by mail, or by leaving such notice at his place of
residence or usual place of business. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed
to be given when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid,
directed to the Trustee at his address as it appears on the records of the
Trust. Subject to the provisions of the 1940 Act, notice or waiver of notice
need not specify the purpose of any special meeting.
SECTION 4.3. TELEPHONE MEETINGS. Subject to the provisions of the 1940
Act, any Trustee, or any member or members of any committee designated by the
Trustees, may participate in a meeting of the Trustees, or any such
committee, as the case may be, by means of a conference telephone or similar
communications equipment if all persons participating in the meeting can hear
each other at the same time. Participation in a meeting by these means
constitutes presence in person at the meeting.
SECTION 4.4. QUORUM, VOTING AND ADJOURNMENT OF MEETINGS. At all meetings
of the Trustees, a majority of the Trustees shall be requisite to and shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. If a quorum is present,
the affirmative vote of a majority of the Trustees present shall be the act
of the Trustees, unless the concurrence of a greater proportion is expressly
required for such action by law, the Declaration or these By-Laws. If at any
meeting of the Trustees there be less than a quorum present, the Trustees
present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice
other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall have been
obtained.
SECTION 4.5. ACTION BY TRUSTEES WITHOUT MEETING. The provisions of these
By-Laws covering notices and meetings to the contrary notwithstanding, and
except as required by law, any action required or permitted to be taken at
any meeting of the Trustees may be taken without a meeting if a consent in
writing setting forth the action shall be signed by all of the Trustees
entitled to vote upon the action and such written consent is filed with the
minutes of proceedings of the Trustees.
SECTION 4.6. EXPENSES AND FEES. Each Trustee may be allowed expenses, if
any, for attendance at each regular or special meeting of the Trustees, and
each Trustee who is not an officer or employee of the Trust or of its
investment manager or underwriter or of any corporate affiliate of any of
said persons shall receive for services rendered as a Trustee of the Trust
such compensation as may be fixed by the Trustees. Nothing herein contained
shall be construed to preclude any Trustee from serving the Trust in any
other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.
SECTION 4.7. EXECUTION OF INSTRUMENTS AND DOCUMENTS AND SIGNING OF CHECKS
AND OTHER OBLIGATIONS AND TRANSFERS. All instruments, documents and other
papers shall be executed in the name and on behalf of the Trust and all
checks, notes, drafts and other obligations for the payment of money by the
Trust shall be signed, and all transfer of securities standing in the name of
the Trust shall be executed, by the Chairman, the President, any Vice
President or the Treasurer or by any one or more officers or agents of the
Trust as shall be designated for that purpose by vote of the Trustees;
notwithstanding the above, nothing in this Section 4.7 shall be deemed to
preclude the electronic authorization, by designated persons, of the Trust's
Custodian (as described herein in Section 9.1) to transfer assets of the
Trust, as provided for herein in Section 9.1.
SECTION 4.8. INDEMNIFICATION OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES AND
AGENTS. (a) The Trust shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is
threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending, or completed
action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or
investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the Trust) by
reason of the fact that he is or was a Trustee, officer, employee, or agent
of the Trust. The indemnification shall be against expenses, including
attorneys' fees, judgments, fines, and amounts paid in settlement, actually
and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the action, suit, or
proceeding, if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed
to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Trust, and, with respect
to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his
conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by
judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or
its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person
did not act in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be
in or not opposed to the best interests of the Trust, and, with respect to
any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that his
conduct was unlawful.
3
<PAGE>
(b) The Trust shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is
threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action
or suit by or on behalf of the Trust to obtain a judgment or decree in its
favor by reason of the fact that he is or was a Trustee, officer, employee,
or agent of the Trust. The indemnification shall be against expenses,
including attorneys' fees actually and reasonably incurred by him in
connection with the defense or settlement of the action or suit, if he acted
in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed
to the best interests of the Trust; except that no indemnification shall be
made in respect of any claim, issue, or matter as to which the person has
been adjudged to be liable for negligence or misconduct in the performance of
his duty to the Trust, except to the extent that the court in which the
action or suit was brought, or a court of equity in the county in which the
Trust has its principal office, determines upon application that, despite the
adjudication of liability but in view of all circumstances of the case, the
person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for those expenses
which the court shall deem proper, provided such Trustee, officer, employee
or agent is not adjudged to be liable by reason of his willful misfeasance,
bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in
the conduct of his office.
(c) To the extent that a Trustee, officer, employee, or agent of the Trust
has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit
or proceeding referred to in subsection (a) or (b) or in defense of any
claim, issue or matter therein, he shall be indemnified against expenses,
including attorneys' fees, actually and reasonably incurred by him in
connection therewith.
(d) (1) Unless a court orders otherwise, any indemnification under
subsections (a) or (b) of this section may be made by the Trust only as
authorized in the specific case after a determination that indemnification of
the Trustee, officer, employee, or agent is proper in the circumstances
because he has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in
subsections (a) or (b).
(2) The determination shall be made:
(i) By the Trustees, by a majority vote of a quorum which consists
of Trustees who were not parties to the action, suit or proceeding; or
(ii) If the required quorum is not obtainable, or if a quorum of
disinterested Trustees so directs, by independent legal counsel in a
written opinion; or
(iii) By the Shareholders.
(3) Notwithstanding any provision of this Section 4.8, no person shall
be entitled to indemnification for any liability, whether or not there is
an adjudication of liability, arising by reason of willful misfeasance,
bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of duties as described
in Section 17(h) and (i) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 ("disabling
conduct"). A person shall be deemed not liable by reason of disabling
conduct if, either:
(i) a final decision on the merits is made by a court or other body
before whom the proceeding was brought that the person to be indemnified
("indemnitee") was not liable by reason of disabling conduct; or
(ii) in the absence of such a decision, a reasonable determination,
based upon a review of the facts, that the indemnitee was not liable by
reason of disabling conduct, is made by either--
(A) a majority of a quorum of Trustees who are neither
"interested persons" of the Trust, as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of
the Investment Company Act of 1940, nor parties to the action, suit
or proceeding, or
(B) an independent legal counsel in a written opinion.
(e) Expenses, including attorneys' fees, incurred by a Trustee, officer,
employee or agent of the Trust in defending a civil or criminal action, suit
or proceeding may be paid by the Trust in advance of the final disposition
thereof if:
(1) authorized in the specific case by the Trustees; and
(2) the Trust receives an undertaking by or on behalf of the Trustee,
officer, employee or agent of the Trust to repay the advance if it is not
ultimately determined that such person is entitled to be indemnified by
the Trust; and
4
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(3) either, (i) such person provides a security for his undertaking, or
(ii) the Trust is insured against losses by reason of any lawful
advances, or
(iii) a determination, based on a review of readily available facts,
that there is reason to believe that such person ultimately will be found
entitled to indemnification, is made by either--
(A) a majority of a quorum which consists of Trustees who are
neither "interested persons" of the Trust, as defined in Section
2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act, nor parties to the action, suit or
proceeding, or
(B) an independent legal counsel in a written opinion.
(f) The indemnification provided by this Section shall not be deemed
exclusive of any other rights to which a person may be entitled under any
by-law, agreement, vote of Shareholders or disinterested Trustees or
otherwise, both as to action in his official capacity and as to action in
another capacity while holding the office, and shall continue as to a person
who has ceased to be a Trustee, officer, employee, or agent and inure to the
benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such person; provided
that no person may satisfy any right of indemnity or reimbursement granted
herein or to which he may be otherwise entitled except out of the property of
the Trust, and no Shareholder shall be personally liable with respect to any
claim for indemnity or reimbursement or otherwise.
(g) The Trust may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person
who is or was a Trustee, officer, employee, or agent of the Trust, against
any liability asserted against him and incurred by him in any such capacity,
or arising out of his status as such. However, in no event will the Trust
purchase insurance to indemnify any officer or Trustee against liability for
any act for which the Trust itself is not permitted to indemnify him.
(h) Nothing contained in this Section shall be construed to protect any
Trustee or officer of the Trust against any liability to the Trust or to its
security holders to which he would otherwise be subject by reason of willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties
involved in the conduct of his office.
ARTICLE V
COMMITTEES
SECTION 5.1. EXECUTIVE AND OTHER COMMITTEES. The Trustees, by resolution
adopted by a majority of the Trustees, may designate an Executive Committee
and/or committees, each committee to consist of two (2) or more of the
Trustees of the Trust and may delegate to such committees, in the intervals
between meetings of the Trustees, any or all of the powers of the Trustees in
the management of the business and affairs of the Trust. In the absence of
any member of any such committee, the members thereof present at any meeting,
whether or not they constitute a quorum, may appoint a Trustee to act in
place of such absent member. Each such committee shall keep a record of its
proceedings.
The Executive Committee and any other committee shall fix its own rules or
procedure, but the presence of at least fifty percent (50%) of the members of
the whole committee shall in each case be necessary to constitute a quorum of
the committee and the affirmative vote of the majority of the members of the
committee present at the meeting shall be necessary to take action.
All actions of the Executive Committee shall be reported to the Trustees
at the meeting thereof next succeeding to the taking of such action.
SECTION 5.2. ADVISORY COMMITTEE. The Trustees may appoint an advisory
committee which shall be composed of persons who do not serve the Trust in
any other capacity and which shall have advisory functions with respect to
the investments of the Trust but which shall have no power to determine that
any security or other investment shall be purchased, sold or otherwise
disposed of by the Trust. The number of persons constituting any such
advisory committee shall be determined from time to time by the Trustees. The
members of any such advisory committee may receive compensation for their
services and may be allowed such fees and expenses for the attendance at
meetings as the Trustees may from time to time determine to be appropriate.
5
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SECTION 5.3. COMMITTEE ACTION WITHOUT MEETING. The provisions of these
By-Laws covering notices and meetings to the contrary notwithstanding, and
except as required by law, any action required or permitted to be taken at
any meeting of any Committee of the Trustees appointed pursuant to Section
5.1 of these By-Laws may be taken without a meeting if a consent in writing
setting forth the action shall be signed by all members of the Committee
entitled to vote upon the action and such written consent is filed with the
records of the proceedings of the Committee.
ARTICLE VI
OFFICERS
SECTION 6.1. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS. The executive officers of the Trust shall
be a Chairman, a President, one or more Vice Presidents, a Secretary and a
Treasurer. The Chairman shall be selected from among the Trustees but none of
the other executive officers need be a Trustee. Two or more offices, except
those of President and any Vice President, may be held by the same person,
but no officer shall execute, acknowledge or verify any instrument in more
than one capacity. The executive officers of the Trust shall be elected
annually by the Trustees and each executive officer so elected shall hold
office until his successor is elected and has qualified.
SECTION 6.2. OTHER OFFICERS AND AGENTS. The Trustees may also elect one or
more Assistant Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries and Assistant
Treasurers and may elect, or may delegate to the Chairman the power to
appoint, such other officers and agents as the Trustees shall at any time or
from time to time deem advisable.
SECTION 6.3. TERM AND REMOVAL AND VACANCIES. Each officer of the Trust
shall hold office until his successor is elected and has qualified. Any
officer or agent of the Trust may be removed by the Trustees whenever, in
their judgment, the best interests of the Trust will be served thereby, but
such removal shall be without prejudice to the contractual rights, if any, of
the person so removed.
SECTION 6.4. COMPENSATION OF OFFICERS. The compensation of officers and
agents of the Trust shall be fixed by the Trustees, or by the Chairman to the
extent provided by the Trustees with respect to officers appointed by the
Chairman.
SECTION 6.5. POWER AND DUTIES. All officers and agents of the Trust, as
between themselves and the Trust, shall have such authority and perform such
duties in the management of the Trust as may be provided in or pursuant to
these By-Laws, or to the extent not so provided, as may be prescribed by the
Trustees; provided, that no rights of any third party shall be affected or
impaired by any such By-Law or resolution of the Trustees unless he has
knowledge thereof.
SECTION 6.6. THE CHAIRMAN. (a) The Chairman shall be the chief executive
officer of the Trust; he shall preside at all meetings of the Shareholders
and of the Trustees; he shall have general and active management of the
business of the Trust, shall see that all orders and resolutions of the
Trustees are carried into effect, and, in connection therewith, shall be
authorized to delegate to the President or to one or more Vice Presidents
such of his powers and duties at such times and in such manner as he may deem
advisable; he shall be a signatory on all Annual and Semi-Annual Reports as
may be sent to shareholders, and he shall perform such other duties as the
Trustees may from time to time prescribe.
(b) In the absence of the Chairman, the Board shall determine who shall
preside at all meetings of the shareholders and the Board of Trustees.
SECTION 6.7. THE PRESIDENT. The President shall perform such duties as the
Board of Trustees and the Chairman may from time to time prescribe.
SECTION 6.8. THE VICE PRESIDENTS. The Vice Presidents shall be of such
number and shall have such titles as may be determined from time to time by
the Trustees. The Vice President, or, if there be more than one, the Vice
Presidents in the order of their seniority as may be determined from time to
time by the Trustees or the Chairman, shall, in the absence or disability of
the President, exercise the powers and perform the duties of the President,
and he or they shall perform such other duties as the Trustees or the
Chairman may from time to time prescribe.
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SECTION 6.9. THE ASSISTANT VICE PRESIDENTS. The Assistant Vice President,
or, if there be more than one, the Assistant Vice Presidents, shall perform
such duties and have such powers as may be assigned them from time to time by
the Trustees or the Chairman.
SECTION 6.10. THE SECRETARY. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of
the Trustees and all meetings of the Shareholders and record all the
proceedings of the meetings of the Shareholders and of the Trustees in a book
to be kept for that purpose, and shall perform like duties for the standing
committees when required. He shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all
meetings of the Shareholders and special meetings of the Trustees, and shall
perform such other duties and have such powers as the Trustees, or the
Chairman, may from time to time prescribe. He shall keep in safe custody the
seal of the Trust and affix or cause the same to be affixed to any instrument
requiring it, and, when so affixed, it shall be attested by his signature or
by the signature of an Assistant Secretary.
SECTION 6.11. THE ASSISTANT SECRETARIES. The Assistant Secretary, or, if
there be more than one, the Assistant Secretaries in the order determined by
the Trustees or the Chairman, shall, in the absence or disability of the
Secretary, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary and
shall perform such duties and have such other powers as the Trustees or the
Chairman may from time to time prescribe.
SECTION 6.12. THE TREASURER. The Treasurer shall be the chief financial
officer of the Trust. He shall keep or cause to be kept full and accurate
accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Trust, and
he shall render to the Trustees and the Chairman, whenever any of them
require it, an account of his transactions as Treasurer and of the financial
condition of the Trust; and he shall perform such other duties as the
Trustees, or the Chairman, may from time to time prescribe.
SECTION 6.13. THE ASSISTANT TREASURERS. The Assistant Treasurer, or, if
there shall be more than one, the Assistant Treasurers in the order
determined by the Trustees or the Chairman, shall, in the absence or
disability of the Treasurer, perform the duties and exercise the powers of
the Treasurer and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers
as the Trustees, or the Chairman, may from time to time prescribe.
SECTION 6.14. DELEGATION OF DUTIES. Whenever an officer is absent or
disabled, or whenever for any reason the Trustees may deem it desirable, the
Trustees may delegate the powers and duties of an officer or officers to any
other officer or officers or to any Trustee or Trustees.
ARTICLE VII
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
Subject to any applicable provisions of law and the Declaration, dividends
and distributions upon the Shares may be declared at such intervals as the
Trustees may determine, in cash, in securities or other property, or in
Shares, from any sources permitted by law, all as the Trustees shall from
time to time determine.
Inasmuch as the computation of net income and net profits from the sales
of securities or other properties for federal income tax purposes may vary
from the computation thereof on the records of the Trust, the Trustees shall
have power, in their discretion, to distribute as income dividends and as
capital gain distributions, respectively, amounts sufficient to enable the
Trust to avoid or reduce liability for federal income taxes.
ARTICLE VIII
CERTIFICATES OF SHARES
SECTION 8.1. CERTIFICATES OF SHARES. Certificates for Shares of each
series or class of Shares shall be in such form and of such design as the
Trustees shall approve, subject to the right of the Trustees to change such
form and design at any time or from time to time, and shall be entered in the
records of the Trust as they are issued. Each such certificate shall bear a
distinguishing number; shall exhibit the holder's name and certify the number
of full Shares owned by such holder; shall be signed by or in the name of the
Trust by the Chairman, the President, or a Vice President, and countersigned
by the Secretary or an Assistant
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Secretary or the Treasurer and an Assistant Treasurer of the Trust; shall be
sealed with the seal; and shall contain such recitals as may be required by
law. Where any certificate is signed by a Transfer Agent or by a Registrar,
the signature of such officers and the seal may be facsimile, printed or
engraved. The Trust may, at its option, determine not to issue a certificate
or certificates to evidence Shares owned of record by any Shareholder.
In case any officer or officers who shall have signed, or whose facsimile
signature or signatures shall appear on, any such certificate or certificates
shall cease to be such officer or officers of the Trust, whether because of
death, resignation or otherwise, before such certificate or certificates
shall have been delivered by the Trust, such certificate or certificates
shall, nevertheless, be adopted by the Trust and be issued and delivered as
though the person or persons who signed such certificate or certificates or
whose facsimile signature or signatures shall appear therein had not ceased
to be such officer or officers of the Trust.
No certificate shall be issued for any share until such share is fully
paid.
SECTION 8.2. LOST, STOLEN, DESTROYED AND MUTILATED CERTIFICATES. The Trustees
may direct a new certificate or certificates to be issued in place
of any certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the Trust alleged to
have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon satisfactory proof of such loss,
theft, or destruction; and the Trustees may, in their discretion, require the
owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or his legal
representative, to give to the Trust and to such Registrar, Transfer Agent
and/or Transfer Clerk as may be authorized or required to countersign such
new certificate or certificates, a bond in such sum and of such type as they
may direct, and with such surety or sureties, as they may direct, as
indemnity against any claim that may be against them or any of them on
account of or in connection with the alleged loss, theft or destruction of
any such certificate.
ARTICLE IX
CUSTODIAN
SECTION 9.1. APPOINTMENT AND DUTIES. The Trust shall at times employ a
bank or trust company having capital, surplus and undivided profits of at
least five million dollars ($5,000,000) as custodian with authority as its
agent, but subject to such restrictions, limitations and other requirements,
if any, as may be contained in these By-Laws and the 1940 Act:
(1) to receive and hold the securities owned by the Trust and deliver
the same upon written or electronically transmitted order;
(2) to receive and receipt for any moneys due to the Trust and deposit
the same in its own banking department or elsewhere as the Trustees may
direct;
(3) to disburse such funds upon orders or vouchers;
all upon such basis of compensation as may be agreed upon between the
Trustees and the custodian. If so directed by a Majority Shareholder Vote,
the custodian shall deliver and pay over all property of the Trust held by it
as specified in such vote.
The Trustees may also authorize the custodian to employ one or more
sub-custodians from time to time to perform such of the acts and services of
the custodian and upon such terms and conditions as may be agreed upon
between the custodian and such sub-custodian and approved by the Trustees.
SECTION 9.2. CENTRAL CERTIFICATE SYSTEM. Subject to such rules,
regulations and orders as the Commission may adopt, the Trustees may direct
the custodian to deposit all or any part of the securities owned by the Trust
in a system for the central handling of securities established by a national
securities exchange or a national securities association registered with the
Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or such other person as
may be permitted by the Commission, or otherwise in accordance with the 1940
Act, pursuant to which system all securities of any particular class or
series of any issuer deposited within the system are treated as fungible and
may be transferred or pledged by bookkeeping entry without physical delivery
of such securities, provided that all such deposits shall be subject to
withdrawal only upon the order of the Trust.
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ARTICLE X
WAIVER OF NOTICE
Whenever any notice of the time, place or purpose of any meeting of
Shareholders, Trustees, or of any committee is required to be given in
accordance with law or under the provisions of the Declaration or these
By-Laws, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons
entitled to such notice and filed with the records of the meeting, whether
before or after the holding thereof, or actual attendance at the meeting of
shareholders, Trustees or committee, as the case may be, in person, shall be
deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice to such person.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
SECTION 11.1. LOCATION OF BOOKS AND RECORDS. The books and records of the
Trust may be kept outside the Commonwealth of Massachusetts at such place or
places as the Trustees may from time to time determine, except as otherwise
required by law.
SECTION 11.2. RECORD DATE. The Trustees may fix in advance a date as the
record date for the purpose of determining Shareholders entitled to notice
of, or to vote at, any meeting of Shareholders, or Shareholders entitled to
receive payment of any dividend or the allotment of any rights, or in order
to make a determination of Shareholders for any other proper purpose. Such
date, in any case, shall be not more than ninety (90) days, and in case of a
meeting of Shareholders not less than ten (10) days, prior to the date on
which particular action requiring such determination of Shareholders is to be
taken. In lieu of fixing a record date the Trustees may provide that the
transfer books shall be closed for a stated period but not to exceed, in any
case, twenty (20) days. If the transfer books are closed for the purpose of
determining Shareholders entitled to notice of a vote at a meeting of
Shareholders, such books shall be closed for at least ten (10) days
immediately preceding such meeting.
SECTION 11.3. SEAL. The Trustees shall adopt a seal, which shall be in
such form and shall have such inscription thereon as the Trustees may from
time to time provide. The seal of the Trust may be affixed to any document,
and the seal and its attestation may be lithographed, engraved or otherwise
printed on any document with the same force and effect as if it had been
imprinted and attested manually in the same manner and with the same effect
as if done by a Massachusetts business corporation under Massachusetts law.
SECTION 11.4. FISCAL YEAR. The fiscal year of the Trust shall end on such
date as the Trustees may by resolution specify, and the Trustees may by
resolution change such date for future fiscal years at any time and from time
to time.
SECTION 11.5. ORDERS FOR PAYMENT OF MONEY. All orders or instructions for
the payment of money of the Trust, and all notes or other evidences of
indebtedness issued in the name of the Trust, shall be signed by such officer
or officers or such other person or persons as the Trustees may from time to
time designate, or as may be specified in or pursuant to the agreement
between the Trust and the bank or trust company appointed as Custodian of the
securities and funds of the Trust.
ARTICLE XII
COMPLIANCE WITH FEDERAL REGULATIONS
The Trustees are hereby empowered to take such action as they may deem to
be necessary, desirable or appropriate so that the Trust is or shall be in
compliance with any federal or state statute, rule or regulation with which
compliance by the Trust is required.
ARTICLE XIII
AMENDMENTS
These By-Laws may be amended, altered, or repealed, or new By-Laws may be
adopted, (a) by a Majority Shareholder Vote, or (b) by the Trustees;
provided, however, that no By-Law may be amended,
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adopted or repealed by the Trustees if such amendment, adoption or repeal
requires, pursuant to law, the Declaration, or these By-Laws, a vote of the
Shareholders. The Trustees shall in no event adopt By-Laws which are in
conflict with the Declaration, and any apparent inconsistency shall be
construed in favor of the related provisions in the Declaration.
ARTICLE XIV
DECLARATION OF TRUST
The Declaration of Trust establishing TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund,
dated February 25, 1992, a copy of which is on file in the office of the
Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, provides that the name TCW/DW
Latin American Growth Fund refers to the Trustees under the Declaration
collectively as Trustees, but not as individuals or personally; and no
Trustee, Shareholder, officer, employee or agent of TCW/DW Latin American
Growth Fund shall be held to any personal liability, nor shall resort be had
to their private property for the satisfaction of any obligation or claim or
otherwise, in connection with the affairs of said TCW/DW Latin American
Growth Fund, but the Trust Estate only shall be liable.
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INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT
AGREEMENT made as of the 30th day of October, 1992 by and between TCW/DW
Latin American Growth Fund, an unincorporated business trust organized under the
laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts (hereinafter called the "Fund"), and
TCW Funds Management Inc., a California corporation (hereinafter called the
"Investment Adviser"):
WHEREAS, The Fund intends to engage in business as an open-end management
investment company and is registered as such under the Investment Company Act of
1940, as amended (the "Act"); and
WHEREAS, The Investment Adviser is registered as an investment adviser
under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the "Advisers Act"), and engages in
the business of acting as investment adviser; and
WHEREAS, The Fund desires to retain the Investment Adviser to render
investment advisory services in the manner and on the terms and conditions
hereinafter set forth; and
WHEREAS, The Investment Adviser desires to be retained to perform services
on said terms and conditions;
NOW, THEREFORE, this Agreement
W I T N E S S E T H:
that in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants hereinafter
contained, the Fund and the Investment Adviser agree as follows:
1. The Fund hereby retains the Investment Adviser to act as investment
adviser of the Fund and, subject to the supervision of the Trustees of the
Fund (the "Trustees"), to invest the Fund's assets as hereinafter set forth.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Investment Adviser shall
obtain and evaluate such information and advice relating to the economy,
securities and commodities markets and securities and commodities as it deems
necessary or useful to discharge its duties hereunder; shall continuously invest
the assets of the Fund in a manner consistent with the investment objectives and
policies of the Fund; shall determine the securities and commodities to be
purchased, sold or otherwise disposed of by the Fund and the timing of such
purchases, sales and dispositions; and shall take such further action, including
the placing of purchase and sale orders on behalf of the Fund, as the Investment
Adviser shall deem necessary or appropriate. The Investment Adviser shall also
furnish to or place at the disposal of the Fund such of the information,
evaluations, analyses and opinions formulated or obtained by the Investment
Adviser in the discharge of its duties as the Fund may, from time to time,
reasonably request.
2. The Investment Adviser shall, at its own expense, maintain such staff
and employ or retain such personnel and consult with such other persons as it
shall from time to time determine to be necessary or useful to the
performance of its obligations under this Agreement. Without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, the staff and personnel of the Investment Adviser
shall be deemed to include persons employed or otherwise retained by the
Investment Adviser to furnish statistical and other factual data, advice
regarding economic factors and trends, information with respect to technical and
scientific developments, and such other information, advice and assistance as
the Investment Adviser may desire. The Investment Adviser shall provide the
Fund's manager with such records and information as may reasonably be required
by the Fund's manager pursuant to its obligations under its management agreement
with the Fund to maintain the Fund's books and records.
3. The Fund will, from time to time, furnish or otherwise make available to
the Investment Adviser such financial reports, proxy statements and other
information relating to the business and affairs of the Fund as the
Investment Adviser may reasonably require in order to discharge its duties and
obligations hereunder.
4. The Investment Adviser shall bear the cost of rendering the investment
advisory services to be performed by it under this Agreement, and shall, at its
own expense, pay the compensation of its directors, officers and
employees, if any, who are also Trustees or officers of the Fund.
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5. The Fund assumes and shall pay or cause to be paid all other expenses of
the Fund (except expenses borne by the Fund's manager pursuant to a management
agreement with the Fund), including without limitation: fees pursuant to any
management agreement into which the Fund may enter; fees pursuant to any plan
of distribution that the Fund may adopt; the charges and expenses of any
registrar, any custodian or depository appointed by the Fund for the safekeeping
of its cash, portfolio securities or commodities and other property, and any
stock transfer or dividend agent or agents appointed by the Fund; brokers'
commissions chargeable to the Fund in connection with portfolio transactions to
which the Fund is a party; all taxes, including securities or commodities
issuance and transfer taxes, and fees payable by the Fund to federal, state or
other governmental agencies; the cost and expense of engraving or printing of
certificates representing shares of the Fund; all costs and expenses in
connection with the registration and maintenance of registration of the Fund and
its shares with the Securities and Exchange Commission and various states and
other jurisdictions (including filing fees and legal fees and disbursements of
counsel and the costs and expenses of preparation, printing (including
typesetting) and distributing prospectuses and statements of additional
information for such purposes); all expenses of shareholders' and Trustees'
meetings and of preparing, printing and mailing proxy statements and reports to
shareholders; fees and travel expenses of Trustees or members of any advisory
board or committee who are not employees of the Investment Adviser or the Fund's
manager or any corporate affiliate of either of them; all expenses incident to
the payment of any dividend or distribution program; charges and expenses of any
outside service used for pricing of the Fund's shares; charges and expenses of
legal counsel, including counsel to the Trustees of the Fund who are not
interested persons (as defined in the Act) of the Fund or the Investment Adviser
or the Fund's manager, and of independent accountants, in connection with any
matter relating to the Fund; membership dues of industry associations; interest
payable on Fund borrowings; postage; insurance premiums on property or personnel
(including officers and Trustees) of the Fund which inure to its benefit;
extraordinary expenses (including, but not limited to, legal claims and
liabilities and litigation costs and any indemnification related thereto); and
all other charges and costs of the Fund's operation unless otherwise explicitly
provided herein.
6. For the services to be rendered by the Investment Adviser, the Fund
shall pay to the Investment Adviser monthly compensation, calculated from
the day of commencement of operations by the Fund, determined by applying the
annual rate of 0.50% to the Fund's average daily net assets. Such
calculation shall be made by applying 1/365th of the annual rate to the Fund's
net assets each day determined as of the close of business on that day or the
last previous business day. If this Agreement becomes effective subsequent to
the first day of a month or shall terminate before the last day of a month,
compensation for that part of the month this Agreement is in effect shall be
prorated in a manner consistent with the calculation of the fees as set forth
above.
7. In the event the operating expenses of the Fund, including amounts
payable to the Investment Adviser pursuant to paragraph 6 hereof, for any
fiscal year ending on a date on which this Agreement is in effect, exceed the
expense limitations applicable to the Fund imposed by state securities laws
or regulations thereunder, as such limitations may be raised or lowered from
time to time, the Investment Adviser shall reduce its advisory fee to the extent
of 40% of such excess and, if and to the extent required by law, pursuant to any
such laws or regulations, will reimburse the Fund for 40% of annual operating
expenses in excess of any expense limitation that may be applicable; provided,
however, there shall be excluded from such expenses the amount of any interest,
taxes, distribution fees, brokerage commissions and extraordinary expenses
(including but not limited to legal claims and liabilities and litigations costs
and any indemnification related thereto) paid or payable by the Fund. Such
reduction, if any, shall be computed and accrued weekly, shall be settled on a
monthly basis, and shall be based upon the expense limitation applicable to the
Fund as at the end of the last business day of the month. Should two or more
such expense limitations be applicable as at the end of the last full week of
the month, that expense limitation which results in the largest reduction in the
Investment Adviser's fee shall be applicable.
For purposes of this provision, should any applicable expense limitation be
based upon the gross income of the Fund, such gross income shall include, but
not be limited to, interest on debt securities in the Fund's portfolio accrued
to and including the last day of the Fund's fiscal year, and dividends declared
on equity securities in the Fund's portfolio, the record dates for which fall on
or prior to the last day of such fiscal year, but not include gains from the
sale of securities.
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8. The Investment Adviser will use its best efforts in its investment of
the Fund's assets, but in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross
negligence or reckless disregard of its obligations hereunder, the
Investment Adviser shall not be liable to the Fund or any of its investors for
any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any act or omission by the
Investment Adviser or for any losses sustained by the Fund or its investors. The
Adviser shall be indemnified by the Fund as an agent of the Fund in accordance
with the terms of Section 4.8 of the Fund's By-Laws.
9. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall prevent the Investment Adviser
or any affiliated person of the Investment Adviser from acting as Investment
adviser or manager for any other person, firm or corporation (including
any other investment company), whether or not the investment objectives
or policies of any such other person, firm or corporation are similar to those
of the Fund, and shall not in any way bind or restrict the Investment Adviser
or any such affiliated person from buying, selling or trading any
securities or commodities for their own accounts or for the account of others
for whom the Investment Adviser or any such affiliated person may be acting.
Nothing in this Agreement shall limit or restrict the right of any Trustee,
officer or employee of the Investment Adviser to engage in any other business or
to devote his time and attention in part to the management or other aspects of
any other business whether of a similar or dissimilar nature.
10. This Agreement shall remain in effect until April 30, 1994 and from year
to year thereafter provided such continuance is approved at least annually
by the vote of holders of a majority, as defined in the Act, of the outstanding
voting securities of the Fund or by the Board of Trustees of the Fund;
provided that in either event such continuance is also approved annually by
the vote of a majority of the Trustees of the Fund who are not parties to
this Agreement or "interested persons" (as defined in the Act) of any such
party, which vote must be cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of
voting on such approval; provided, however, that (a) the Fund may, at any time
and without the payment of any penalty, terminate this Agreement upon thirty
days' written notice to the Investment Adviser, either by majority vote of the
Trustees of the Fund or by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting
securities of the Fund; (b) this Agreement shall immediately terminate in the
event of its assignment (to the extent required by the Act and the rules
thereunder) unless such automatic terminations shall be prevented by an
exemptive order of the Securities and Exchange Commission; and (c) the
Investment Adviser may terminate this Agreement without payment of penalty on
thirty days' written notice to the Fund. Any notice under this Agreement shall
be given in writing, addressed and delivered, or mailed post-paid, to the other
party at the principal office of such party.
11. This Agreement may be amended by the parties without the vote or consent
of the shareholders of the Fund to supply any omission, to cure, correct or
supplement any ambiguous, defective or inconsistent provision hereof, or if
they deem it necessary to conform this Agreement to the requirements of
applicable federal laws or regulations, but neither the Fund nor the Investment
Adviser shall be liable for failing to do so.
12. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the
State of New York and the applicable provisions of the Act. To the extent
the applicable law of the State of New York, or any of the provisions
herein, conflict with the applicable provisions of the Act, the Advisers Act or
any rules, regulations or orders of the Securities and Exchange Commission, the
latter shall control.
13. The Fund acknowledges that Trust Company of the West, an affiliate of
the Investment Adviser, owns its own name, initials and logo. The Fund agrees
to change its name at the request of the Investment Adviser if this
Agreement is terminated for any reason.
14. The Declaration of Trust establishing TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund,
dated February 25, 1992, a copy of which, together with all amendments thereto
(the "Declaration"), is on file in the office of the Secretary of the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, provides that the name TCW/DW Latin American
Growth Fund refers to the Trustees under the Declaration collectively as
Trustees, but not as individuals or personally; and no Trustee, shareholder,
officer, employee or agent of TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund shall be held to
any personal liability, nor shall resort be had to their private property for
the satisfaction of any obligation or claim or otherwise, in connection with the
affairs of said TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund, but the Trust Estate only
shall be liable.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed and delivered this
Agreement on the day and year first above written in New York, New York.
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
By ...................................
Attest:
......................................
TCW FUNDS MANAGEMENT, INC.
By ...................................
Attest:
......................................
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TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT
AGREEMENT made as of this 30th day of June, 1993, between TCW/DW Latin
American Growth Fund, an unincorporated business trust organized under the laws
of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts (the "Fund" or "Trust"), and Dean Witter
Distributors Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Distributor");
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, the Fund is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940,
as amended (the "1940 Act"), as a non-diversified open-end investment company
and it is in the interest of the Fund to offer its shares for sale continuously,
and
WHEREAS, the Fund and the Distributor wish to enter into an agreement with
each other with respect to the continuous offering of the Fund's transferable
shares of beneficial interest, of $.01 par value ("Shares"), in order to promote
the growth of the Fund and facilitate the distribution of its shares.
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows:
SECTION 1. APPOINTMENT OF THE DISTRIBUTOR. (a) The Fund hereby appoints the
Distributor as the principal underwriter of the Fund to sell Shares to the
public on the terms set forth in this Agreement and the Fund's Prospectus and
the Distributor hereby accepts such appointment and agrees to act hereunder. The
Fund, during the term of this Agreement, shall sell Shares to the Distributor
upon the terms and conditions set forth herein.
(b) The Distributor agrees to purchase Shares, as principal for its own
account, from the Fund and to sell Shares as principal to investors and
securities dealers, including Dean Witter Reynolds Inc. ("DWR"), an affiliate of
the Distributor, upon the terms described herein and in the Fund's prospectus
(the "Prospectus") and statement of additional information included in the
Fund's registration statement (the "Registration Statement") most recently filed
from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") and
effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act"), and
1940 Act or as said Prospectus may be otherwise amended or supplemented and
filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 497 under the 1933 Act.
SECTION 2. EXCLUSIVE NATURE OF DUTIES. The Distributor shall be the
exclusive principal underwriter and distributor of the Trust, except that the
exclusive rights granted to the Distributor to sell the Shares shall not apply
to Shares issued by the Fund: (i) in connection with the merger or consolidation
of any other investment company or personal holding company with the Fund or the
acquisition by purchase or otherwise of all (or substantially all) the assets or
the outstanding shares of any such company by the Fund; or (ii) pursuant to
reinvestment of dividends or capital gains distributions; or (iii) pursuant to
the reinstatement privilege afforded redeeming shareholders.
SECTION 3. PURCHASE OF SHARES FROM THE TRUST. (a) The Distributor shall
have the right to buy from the Trust the Shares needed, but not more than the
Shares needed (except for clerical errors in transmission), to fill
unconditional orders for Shares placed with the Distributor by investors and
securities dealers. The price which the Distributor shall pay for the Shares so
purchased from the Fund shall be the net asset value, determined as set forth in
the Prospectus.
(b) The shares are to be resold by the Distributor at the net asset value
per share, as set forth in the Prospectus to investors or to securities dealers
of its choice, including DWR, who have entered into selected dealer agreements
with the Distributor pursuant to Section 7 ("Selected Dealers").
(c) The Fund shall have the right to suspend the sale of the Shares at
times when redemption is suspended pursuant to the conditions set forth in
Section 4(d) hereof. The Fund shall also have the right
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to suspend the sale of the Shares if trading on the New York Stock Exchange
shall have been suspended, if a banking moratorium shall have been declared by
federal or New York authorities, or if there shall have been some other
extraordinary event which, in the judgment of the Fund, makes it impracticable
to sell the Shares.
(d) The Fund, or any agent of the Fund designated in writing by the Fund,
shall be promptly advised of all purchase orders for Shares received by the
Distributor. Any order may be rejected by the Fund; provided, however, that the
Fund will not arbitrarily or without reasonable cause refuse to accept orders
for the purchase of Shares. The Distributor will confirm orders upon their
receipt, and the Fund (or its agent) upon receipt of payment therefor and
instructions will deliver share certificates for such Shares or a statement
confirming the issuance of Shares. Payment shall be made to the Fund in New York
Clearing House funds. The Distributor agrees to cause such payment and such
instructions to be delivered promptly to the Fund (or its agent).
With respect to Shares sold by any Selected Dealer, the Distributor is
authorized to direct the Trust's transfer agent to receive instructions directly
from the Selected Dealer on behalf of the Distributor as to registration of
Shares in the names of investors and to confirm issuance of the Shares to such
investors. The Distributor is also authorized to instruct the transfer agent to
receive payment directly from the Selected Dealer on behalf of the Distributor,
for prompt transmittal to the Trust's custodian, of the purchase price of the
Shares. In such event the Distributor shall obtain from the Selected Dealer and
maintain a record of such registration instructions and payments.
SECTION 4. REPURCHASE OR REDEMPTION OF SHARES. (a) Any of the outstanding
Shares may be tendered for redemption at any time, and the Fund agrees to redeem
the Shares so tendered in accordance with the applicable provisions set forth in
the Prospectus. The price to be paid to redeem the Shares shall be equal to the
net asset value determined as set forth in the Prospectus less any applicable
contingent deferred sales charge. All payments by the Fund hereunder shall be
made in the manner set forth below.
The proceeds of any redemption of Shares shall be paid by the Fund as
follows: (i) any applicable contingent deferred sales charge shall be paid to
the Distributor or to the Selected Dealer, or, when applicable, pursuant to the
Rules of Fair Practice of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.
("NASD"), retained by the Fund and (ii) the balance shall be paid to the
redeeming shareholders, in each case in accordance with applicable provisions of
the Prospectus in New York Clearing House funds. The Distributor is authorized
to direct the Trust to pay directly to any Selected Dealer any contingent
deferred sales charges payable by the Trust to the Distributor in respect of
Shares sold by the Selected Dealer to the redeeming shareholders.
(b) The Distributor is authorized, as agent for the Fund, to repurchase
Shares, represented by a share certificate which is delivered to any office of
the Distributor in accordance with applicable provisions set forth in the
Prospectus. The Distributor shall promptly transmit to the transfer agent of the
Fund for redemption all Shares so delivered. The Distributor shall be
responsible for the accuracy of instructions transmitted to the Fund's transfer
agent in connection with all such repurchases.
(c) The Distributor is authorized, as agent for the Fund, to repurchase
Shares held in a shareholder's account with the Fund for which no share
certificate has been issued, upon the telephonic or telegraphic request of the
shareholder, or at the discretion of the Distributor. The Distributor shall
promptly transmit to the transfer agent of the Fund, for redemption, all such
orders for repurchase of shares. Payment for shares repurchased may be made by
the Fund to the Distributor for the account of the shareholder. The Distributor
shall be responsible for the accuracy of instructions transmitted to the Fund's
transfer agent in connection with all such repurchases.
(d) Redemption of Shares or payment by the Fund may be suspended at times
when the New York Stock Exchange is closed, when trading on said Exchange is
restricted, when an emergency exists as a
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result of which disposal by the Fund of securities owned by it is not reasonably
practicable or it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund fairly to determine
the value of its net assets, or during any other period when the Securities and
Exchange Commission, by order, so permits.
With respect to Shares tendered for redemption or repuchase by any Selected
Dealer on behalf of its customers, the Distributor is authorized to instruct the
transfer agent of the Trust to accept orders for redemption or repurchase
directly from the Selected Dealer on behalf of the Distributor and to instruct
the Trust to transmit payments for such redemptions and repurchases directly to
the Selected Dealer on behalf of the Distributor for the account of the
shareholder. The Distributor shall obtain from the Selected Dealer and maintain
a record of such orders. The Distributor is further authorized to obtain from
the Trust; and shall maintain, a record of payments made directly to the
Selected Dealer on behalf of the Distributor.
SECTION 5. DUTIES OF THE FUND. (a) The Fund shall furnish to the
Distributor copies of all information, financial statements and other papers
which the Distributor may reasonably request for use in connection with the
distribution of the Shares, including one certified copy, upon request by the
Distributor, of all financial statements prepared by the Fund and examined by
independent accountants. The Fund shall, at the expense of the Distributor, make
available to the Distributor such number of copies of the Prospectus as the
Distributor shall reasonably request.
(b) The Fund shall take, from time to time, but subject to the necessary
approval of its shareholders, all necessary action to fix the number of its
authorized Shares and to register Shares under the 1933 Act, to the end that
there will be available for sale such number of Shares as investors may
reasonably be expected to purchase.
(c) The Fund shall use its best efforts to qualify and maintain the
qualification of an appropriate number of the Shares for sale under the
securities laws of such states as the Distributor and the Fund may approve. Any
such qualification may be withheld, terminated or withdrawn by the Fund at any
time in its discretion. As provided in Section 8(c) hereof, the expense of
qualification and maintenance of qualification shall be borne by the Fund. The
Distributor shall furnish such information and other material relating to its
affairs and activities as may be required by the Fund in connection with such
qualification.
(d) The Fund shall, at the expense of the Distributor, furnish, in
reasonable quantities upon request by the Distributor, copies of annual and
interim reports of the Fund.
SECTION 6. DUTIES OF THE DISTRIBUTOR. (a) The Distributor shall sell Shares
of the Trust through DWR, and may sell Shares through other securities dealers
and its own Account Executives, if any, and shall devote reasonable time and
effort to promote sales of the Shares, but shall not be obligated to sell any
specific number of Shares. The services of the Distributor hereunder are not
exclusive and it is understood that the Distributor may act as principal
underwriter for other registered investment companies. It is also understood
that Selected Dealers, including DWR, may also sell shares for other registered
investment companies.
(b) Neither the Distributor nor any Selected Dealer shall give any
information or make any representations, other than those contained in the
Registration Statement or related Prospectus and any sales literature
specifically approved by the Fund.
(c) The Distributor agrees that it will comply with the terms and
limitations of the Rules of Fair Practice of the NASD.
SECTION 7. SELECTED DEALERS AGREEMENTS. (a) The Distributor shall have the
right to enter into selected dealers agreements with Selected Dealers for the
sale of Shares. In making agreements with Selected Dealers, the Distributor
shall act only as principal and not as agent for the Fund. Shares sold to
Selected Dealers shall be for resale by such dealers only at the public offering
price set forth in the Prospectus.
(b) Within the United States, the Distributor shall offer and sell Shares
only to such Selected Dealers as are members in good standing of the NASD.
(c) The Distributor shall adopt and follow procedures, as approved by the
Fund, for the confirmation of sales of Shares to investors and Selected Dealers,
the collection of amounts payable by investors and Selected Dealers on such
sales, and the cancellation of unsettled transactions, as may be necessary to
comply with the requirements of the NASD, as such requirements may from time to
time exist.
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SECTION 8. PAYMENT OF EXPENSES. (a) The Distributor shall bear all expenses
incurred by it in connection with its duties and activities under this Agreement
including the payment to Selected Dealers of any sales commissions service fees,
and other expenses for sales of the Trust's shares (except such expenses as are
specifically undertaken herein by the Trust) incurred or paid by Selected
Dealers, including DWR. It is understood and agreed that, so long as the Trust's
Plan of Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act continues in
effect, any expenses incurred by the Distributor hereunder and by DWR under the
Distribution Agreement previously in effect between DWR and the Trust may be
paid from amounts the Distributor and DWR are entitled to receive from the Trust
under such Plan. It is further understood and agreed that expenses for which the
Distributor and DWR or any other Selected Dealer may be paid under said Plan
include opportunity costs, which may be calculated as a carrying charge on the
excess of distribution expenses, incurred by the Distributor and/or the Selected
Dealer over distribution revenues received by each of them, respectively, under
this Agreement and the Distribution Agreement previously in effect with DWR.
(b) The Fund shall bear all costs and expenses of the Fund, including
payment of contingent deferred Sales Charges, fees and disbursements of legal
counsel including counsel to the Trustees of the Fund who are not interested
persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund or the Distributor, and
independent accountants, in connection with the preparation and filing of any
required Registration Statements and Prospectuses and all amendments and
supplements thereto, and the expense of preparing, printing, mailing and
otherwise distributing prospectuses and statements of additional information,
annual or interim reports or proxy materials to shareholders.
(c) The Fund shall bear the cost and expenses of qualification of the
Shares for sale, and, if necessary or advisable in connection therewith, of
qualifying the Fund as a broker or dealer, in such states of the United States
or other jurisdictions as shall be selected by the Fund and the Distributor
pursuant to Section 5(c) hereof and the cost and expenses payable to each such
state for continuing qualification therein until the Fund decides to discontinue
such qualification pursuant to Section 5(c) hereof.
SECTION 9. INDEMNIFICATION. (a) The Fund shall indemnify and hold harmless
the Distributor and each person, if any, who controls the Distributor against
any loss, liability, claim, damage or expense (including the reasonable cost of
investigating or defending any alleged loss, liability, claim, damage or expense
and reasonable counsel fees incurred in connection therewith) arising by reason
of any person acquiring any Shares, which may be based upon the 1933 Act, or on
any other statute or at common law, on the ground that the Registration
Statement or related Prospectus and Statements of Additional Information, as
from time to time amended and supplemented, or the annual or interim reports to
shareholders of the Fund, includes an untrue statement of a material fact or
omits to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in
order to make the statements therein not misleading, unless such statement or
omission was made in reliance upon, and in conformity with, information
furnished to the Fund in connection therewith by or on behalf of the
Distributor; provided, however, that in no case (i) is the indemnity of the Fund
in favor of the Distributor and any such controlling persons to be deemed to
protect the Distributor or any such controlling persons thereof against any
liability to the Fund or its security holders to which the Distributor or any
such controlling persons would otherwise be subject by reason of willful
misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or
by reason of reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under this
Agreement; or (ii) is the Fund to be liable under its indemnity agreement
contained in this paragraph with respect to any claim made against the
Distributor or any such controlling persons, unless the Distributor or any such
controlling persons, as the case may be, shall have notified the Fund in writing
within a reasonable time after the summons or other first legal process giving
information of the nature of the claim shall have been served upon the
Distributor or such controlling persons (or after the Distributor or such
controlling persons shall have received notice of such service on any designated
agent), but failure to notify the Fund of any such claim shall not relieve it
from any liability which it may have to the person against whom such action is
brought otherwise than on account of its indemnity agreement contained in this
paragraph. The Fund will be entitled to participate at its own expense in the
defense, or, if it so elects, to assume the defense, of any suit brought to
enforce any such liability, but if the Fund elects to assume the defense, such
defense shall be conducted by counsel chosen by it and satisfactory to the
Distributor or such controlling person or persons, defendant or defendants in
the suit. In the event the
4
<PAGE>
Fund elects to assume the defense of any such suit and retain such counsel, the
Distributor or such controlling persons or persons, defendant or defendants in
the suit, shall bear the fees and expenses of any additional counsel retained by
them, but, in case the Fund does not elect to assume the defense of any such
suit, it will reimburse the Distributor or such controlling person or persons,
defendant or defendants in the suit, for the reasonable fees and expenses of any
counsel retained by them. The Fund shall promptly notify the Distributor of the
commencement of any litigation or proceedings against it or any of its officers
or trustees in connection with the issuance or sale of the Shares.
(b) (i) The Distributor shall indemnify and hold harmless the Fund and each
of its Trustees and officers and each person, if any, who controls the Fund
against any loss, liability, claim, damage, or expense described in the
foregoing indemnity contained in subsection (a) of this Section, but only with
respect to statements or omissions made in reliance upon, and in conformity
with, information furnished to the Fund in writing by or on behalf of the
Distributor for use in connection with the Registration Statement or related
Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information, as from time to time
amended, or the annual or interim reports to shareholders.
(ii) The Distributor shall indemnify and hold harmless the Trust and the
Trust's transfer agent, individually and in its capacity as the Trust's transfer
agent, from and against any claims, damages and liabilities which arise as a
result of actions taken pursuant to instructions from, or on behalf of, the
Distributor to: (1) redeem all or a part of shareholder accounts in the Trust
pursuant to subsection 4(c) hereof and pay the proceeds to, or as directed by,
the Distributor for the account of each shareholder whose Shares are so
redeemed; and (2) register Shares in the names of investors, confirm the
issuance thereof and receive payment therefor pursuant to subsection 3(d).
(iii) In case any action shall be brought against the Fund or any person to
indemnified by this subsection 9(b) in respect of which indemnity may be sought
against the Distributor, the Distributor shall have the rights and duties given
to the Fund, and the Fund and each person so indemnified shall have the rights
and duties given to the Distributor by the provisions of subsection (a) of this
Section 9.
(c) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 9 is unavailable or
insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under subsection (a) or (b)
above in respect of any losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses (or
actions in respect thereof) referred to herein, then each indemnifiying party
shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a
result of such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses (or actions in
respect thereof) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative
benefits received by the Fund on the one hand and the Distributor on the other
from the offering of the Shares. If, however, the allocation provided by the
immediately preceding sentence is not permitted by applicable law, then each
indemnifying party shall contribute to such amount paid or payable by such
indemnified party in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only such
relative benefits but also the relative fault of the Fund on the one hand and
the Distributor on the other in connection with the statements or omissions
which resulted in such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses (or
actions in respect thereof), as well as any other relevant equitable
considerations. The relative benefits received by the Fund on the one hand and
the Distributor on the other shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the
total net proceeds from the offering (before deducting expenses) received by the
Fund bear to the total compensation received by the Distributor, in each case as
set forth in the Prospectus. The relative fault shall be determined by reference
to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a
material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact
relates to information supplied by the Fund or the Distributor and the parties'
relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or
prevent such statement or omission. The Fund and the Distributor agree that it
would not be just and equitable if contribution were determined by pro rata
allocation or by any other method of allocation which does not take into account
the equitable considerations referred to above. The amount paid or payable by an
indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages, liabilities or
expenses (or actions in respect thereof) referred to above shall be deemed to
include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified
party in connection with investigating or defending any such claim.
Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection (c), the Distributor shall not
be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total
price at which the Shares distributed by it to the public were
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<PAGE>
offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damages which it has otherwise
been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or
omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation
(within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act) shall be entitled to
contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent
misrepresentation.
SECTION 10. DURATION AND TERMINATION OF THIS AGREEMENT. This Agreement
shall become effective as of the date first above written and shall remain in
force until April 30, 1994, and thereafter, but only so long as such continuance
is specifically approved at least annually by (i) the Board of Trustees of the
Fund, or by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the
Fund, cast in person or by proxy, and (ii) a majority of those Trustees who are
not parties to this Agreement or interested persons of any such party and who
have no direct or indirect financial interest in this Agreement or in the
operation of the Fund's Rule 12b-1 Plan or in any agreement related thereto,
cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting upon such approval.
This Agreement may be terminated at any time without the payment of any
penalty, by the Trustees of the Fund, by a majority of the Trustees of the Fund
who are not interested persons of the Fund and who have no direct or indirect
financial interest in this Agreement, or by vote of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities of the Fund, or by the Distributor, on sixty days'
written notice to the other party. This Agreement shall automatically terminate
in the event of its assignment.
The terms "vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities,"
"assignment" and "interested person", when used in this Agreement, shall have
the respective meanings specified in the 1940 Act.
SECTION 11. AMENDMENTS OF THIS AGREEMENT. This Agreement may be amended by
the parties only if such amendment is specifically approved by (i) the Trustees
of the Fund, or by the vote of a majority of outstanding voting securities of
the Fund, and (ii) a majority of those Trustees of the Fund who are not parties
to this Agreement or interested persons of any such party and who have no direct
or indirect financial interest in this Agreement or in any Agreement related to
the Fund's Plan of Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, cast
in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
SECTION 12. GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance
with the law of the State of New York and the applicable provisions of the 1940
Act. To the extent the applicable law of the State of New York, or any of the
provisions herein, conflict with the applicable provisions of the 1940 Act, the
latter shall control.
SECTION 13. PERSONAL LIABILITY. The Declaration of the Trust establishing
TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund, dated February 25, 1992, a copy of which,
together with all amendments thereto (the "Declaration"), is on file in the
office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, provides that the
name TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund refers to the Trustees under the
Declaration collectively as Trustees, but not as individuals or personally; and
no Trustee, shareholder, officer, employee or agent of TCW/DW Latin American
Growth Fund shall be held to any personal liability, nor shall resort be had to
their private property for the satisfaction of any obligation or claim or
otherwise, in connection with the affairs of said TCW/DW Latin American Growth
Fund, but the Trust Estate only shall be liable.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed and delivered this
Agreement as of the day and year first written in New York, New York.
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
By:
------------------------
DEAN WITTER DISTRIBUTORS INC.
By:
------------------------
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TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
SELECTED DEALERS AGREEMENT
Gentlemen:
DW Distributors, Inc. (the "Distributor") has a distribution agreement (the
"Distribution Agreement") with TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund, a
Massachusetts business trust (the "Fund"), pursuant to which it acts as the
Distributor for the sale of the Fund's shares of beneficial interest, par value
$0.01 per share (the "Shares"). Under the Distribution Agreement, the
Distributor has the right to distribute Shares for resale.
The Fund is an open-end management investment company registered under the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the Shares being offered to the
public are registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. You have
received a copy of the Distribution Agreement between us and the Fund and
reference is made herein to certain provisions of such Distribution Agreement.
The terms used herein, including "Prospectus" and "Registration Statement" of
the Fund and "Selected Dealer" shall have the same meaning in this Agreement as
in the Distribution Agreement. As principal, we offer to sell shares to you, as
a Selected Dealer, upon the following terms and conditions:
1. In all sales of Shares to the public you shall act as dealer for your
own account, and in no transaction shall you have any authority to act as agent
for the Fund, for us or for any other Selected Dealer.
2. Orders received from you will be accepted through us or on our behalf
only at the net asset value applicable to each order, as set forth in the
current Prospectus. The procedure relating to the handling of orders shall be
subject to instructions which we or the Fund shall forward from time to time to
you. All orders are subject to acceptance or rejection by the Distributor or
the Fund in the sole discretion of either.
3. You shall not place orders for any Shares unless you have already
received purchase orders for such Shares at the applicable net asset values and
subject to the terms hereof and of the Distribution Agreement and the
Prospectus. You agree that you will not offer or sell any of the Shares except
under circumstances that will result in compliance with the applicable Federal
and state securities laws and that in connection with sales and offers to sell
Shares you will furnish to each person to whom any such sale or offer is made a
copy of the Prospectus (as then amended or supplemented) and will not furnish to
any person any information relating to the Shares, which is inconsistent in any
respect with the information contained in the Prospectus (as then amended or
supplemented) or cause any advertisement to be published by radio or television
or in any newspaper or posted in any public place or use any sales promotional
material without our consent and the consent of the Fund.
4. The Distributor will compensate you for sales of shares of the Fund
and personal services to Fund shareholders by paying you a sales charge and/or
other commissions, which may be in the form of a gross sales credit and/or an
annual residual commission and/or service fee, under the terms and in the
percentage amounts as may be in effect from time to time by the Distributor.
5. You shall not withhold placing orders received from your customers so
as to profit yourself as a result of such withholding; e.g., by a change in the
"net asset value" from that used in determining the offering price to your
customers.
6. If any Shares sold to you under the terms of this Agreement are
repurchased by us for the account of the Fund or are tendered for redemption
within seven business days after the date of the confirmation of the original
purchase by you, it is agreed that you shall forfeit your right to, and refund
to us, any commission received by you with respect to such Shares.
7. No person is authorized to make any representations concerning the
Shares or the Fund except those contained in the current Prospectus and in such
printed information subsequently issued by us or the Fund as information
supplemental to such Prospectus. In purchasing Shares through us you
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<PAGE>
shall rely solely on the representations contained in the Prospectus and
supplemental information above mentioned. Any printed information which we
furnish you other than the Prospectus and the Fund's periodic reports and proxy
solicitation material are our sole responsibility and not the responsibility of
the Fund, and you agree that the Fund shall have no liability or responsibility
to you in these respects unless expressly assumed in connection therewith.
8. You agree to deliver to each of the purchasers making purchases from
you a copy of the then current Prospectus at or prior to the time offering or
sale and you agree thereafter to deliver to such purchasers copies of the annual
and interim reports and proxy solicitation materials of the Fund. You further
agree to endeavor to obtain proxies from such purchasers. Additional copies of
the Prospectus, annual or interim reports and proxy solicitation materials of
the Fund will be supplied to you in reasonable quantities upon request.
9. You are hereby authorized (i) to place orders directly with the Fund
or its agent for shares of the Fund to be sold by us to you subject to the
applicable terms and conditions governing the placement of orders of the
purchase of Fund shares, as set forth in the Distribution Agreement, and (ii) to
tender shares directly to the Fund or its agent for redemption subject to the
applicable terms and conditions set forth in the Distribution Agreement.
10. We reserve the right in our discretion, without notice, to suspend
sales and withdraw the offering of Shares entirely. Each party hereto has the
right to cancel this agreement upon notice to the other party.
11. We shall have full authority to take such action as we may deem
advisable in respect of all matters pertaining to the distribution and
redemption of Fund shares. We shall be under no liability to you except for
lack of good faith and for obligations expressly assumed by us herein. Nothing
contained in this paragraph is intended to operate as, and the provisions of
this paragraph shall not in any way whatsoever constitute, a waiver by you of
compliance with any provision of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or of
the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission issued
thereunder.
12. You represent that you are a member of the National Association of
Securities Dealers, Inc. and, with respect to any sales in the United States, we
both hereby agree to abide by the Rules of Fair Practice of such Association.
13. Upon application to us, we will inform you as to the states in which
we believe the Shares have been qualified for sale under, or are exempt from the
requirements of, the respective securities laws of such states, but we assume no
responsibility or obligation as to your right to sell Shares in any
jurisdiction.
14. All communications to us should be sent to the address shown below.
Any notice to you shall be duly given if mailed or telegraphed to you at the
address specified by you below.
15. This Agreement shall become effective as of the date of your
acceptance hereof, provided that you return to us promptly a signed and dated
copy.
DW DISTRIBUTORS INC.
By
--------------------------------------
(Authorized Signature)
Please return one signed copy
of this agreement to:
DW Distributors Inc.
Two World Trade Center
New York, New York 10048
Accepted:
Firm Name:
-------------------------
By:
---------------------------------
Address:
----------------------------
- ------------------------------------
Date:
-------------------------------
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DEAN WITTER DISTRIBUTORS INC.
Gentlemen:
Dean Witter Distributors, Inc. (the "Distributor") has a distribution
agreement (the "Distribution Agreement") with TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund,
a Massachusetts business trust (the "Fund"), pursuant to which it acts as the
Distributor for the sale of the Fund's shares of beneficial interest, par value
$0.01 per share (the "Shares"). Under the Distribution Agreement, the
Distributor has the right to distribute Shares for resale.
The Fund is an open-end management investment company registered under the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the Shares being offered to the
public are registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. You have
received a copy of the Distribution Agreement between us and the Fund and
reference is made herein to certain provisions of such Distribution Agreement.
The terms used herein, including "Prospectus" and "Registration Statement" of
the Fund and "Selected Dealer" shall have the same meaning in this Agreement as
in the Distribution Agreement. As principal, we offer to sell shares to your
customers, upon the following terms and conditions:
1. In all sales of Shares to the public you shall act on behalf of your
customers, and in no transaction shall you have any authority to act as agent
for the Fund, for us or for any other Selected Dealer.
2. Orders received from you will be accepted through us or on our behalf
only at the net asset value applicable to each order, as set forth in the
current Prospectus. The procedure relating to the handling of orders shall be
subject to instructions which we or the Fund shall forward from time to time to
you. All orders are subject to acceptance or rejection by the Distributor or
the Fund in the sole discretion of either.
3. You shall not place orders for any Shares unless you have already
received purchase orders for such Shares at the applicable net asset values and
subject to the terms hereof and of the Distribution Agreement and the
Prospectus. You agree that you will not offer or sell any of the Shares except
under circumstances that will result in compliance with the applicable Federal
and state securities laws and that in connection with sales and offers to sell
Shares you will furnish to each person to whom any such sale or offer is made a
copy of the Prospectus (as then amended or supplemented) and will not furnish to
any person any information relating to the Shares, which is inconsistent in any
respect with the information contained in the Prospectus (as then amended or
supplemented) or cause any advertisement to be published by radio or television
or in any newspaper or posted in any public place or use any sales promotional
material without our consent and the consent of the Fund.
4. The Distributor will compensate you for sales of shares of the Fund
and personal services to Fund shareholders by paying you a sales charge and/or
other commission, (which may be in the form of a gross sales credit and/or an
annual residual commission) and/or service fee, under the terms as are set
forth in the Fund's Prospectus.
5. If any Shares sold to your customers under the terms of this Agreement
are repurchased by us for the account of the Fund or are tendered for redemption
within seven business days after the date of the confirmation of the original
purchase by you, it is agreed that you shall forfeit your right to, and refund
to us, any commission received by you with respect to such Shares.
6. No person is authorized to make any representations concerning the
Shares or the Fund except those contained in the current Prospectus and in such
printed information subsequently issued by us or the Fund as information
supplemental to such Prospectus. In selling Shares, you shall rely solely on
the representations contained in the Prospectus and supplemental information
mentioned above. Any printed information which we furnish you other than the
Prospectus and the Fund's periodic reports and proxy solicitation material are
our sole responsibility and not the responsibility of the Fund, and you agree
that the Fund shall have no liability or responsibility to you in these respects
unless expressly assumed in connection therewith.
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7. You agree to deliver to each of the purchasers making purchases a copy
of the then current Prospectus at or prior to the time of offering or sale, and
you agree thereafter to deliver to such purchasers copies of the annual and
interim reports and proxy solicitation materials of the Fund. You further
agree to endeavor to obtain proxies from such purchasers. Additional copies
of the Prospectus, annual or interim reports and proxy solicitation materials
of the Fund will be supplied to you in reasonable quantities upon request.
8. You are hereby authorized (i) to place orders directly with the Fund
or its agent for shares of the Fund to be sold by us subject to the applicable
terms and conditions governing the placement of orders for the purchase of
Fund shares, as set forth in the Distribution Agreement, and (ii) to tender
shares directly to the Fund or its agent for redemption subject to the
applicable terms and conditions set forth in the Distribution Agreement.
9. We reserve the right in our discretion, without notice, to suspend
sales and withdraw the offering of Shares entirely. Each party hereto has the
right to cancel this agreement upon notice to the other party.
10. I. You shall indemnify and hold harmless the Distributor, from and
against any claims, damages and liabilities which arise as a result of action
taken pursuant to instructions from you, or on your behalf to: a) (i) place
orders for Shares of the Fund with the Fund's transfer agent or direct the
transfer agent to receive instructions for the order of Shares, and (ii) accept
monies or direct that the transfer agent accept monies as payment for the order
os such Shares, all as contemplated by and in accordance with Section 3 of the
Distribution Agreement; b) (i) place orders for the redemption of Shares of the
Fund with the Fund's transfer agent or direct the transfer agent to receive
instruction for the redemption of Shares and (ii) to pay redemption proceeds or
to direct that the transfer agent pay redemption proceeds in connection with
orders for the redemption of Shares, all as contemplated by and in accordance
with Section 4 of the Distribution Agreement; provided, however, that in no
case, (i) is this indemnity in favor of the Distributor and any such controlling
persons to be deemed to protect the Distributor or any such controlling persons
thereof against any liability to which the Distributor or any such controlling
persons would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith
or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or by reason of reckless
disregard of its obligations and duties under this Agreement or the Distribution
Agreement; or (ii) are you to be liable under the indemnity agreement contained
in this paragraph with respect to any claim made against the Distributor or any
such controlling persons, unless the Distributor or any such controlling
persons, as the case may be, shall have notified you in writing within a
reasonable time after the summons or other first legal process giving
information of the nature of the claim shall have been served upon the
Distributor or such controlling persons (or after the Distributor or such
controlling persons shall have received notice of such service on any designated
agent), but failure to notify you of any such claim shall not relieve you from
any liability which you may have to the person against whom such action is
brought otherwise than on account of the indemnity agreement contained in this
paragraph. You will be entitled to participate at your own expense in the
defense, or, if you so elect, to assume the defense, of any suit brought to
enforce any such liability, but if you elect to assume the defense, such defense
shall be conducted by counsel chosen by you and satisfactory to the Distributor
or such controlling person or persons, defendant or defendants in the suit. In
the event you elect to assume the defense of any such suit and retain such
counsel, the Distributor or such controlling person or persons, defendant or
defendants in the suit, shall bear the fees and expenses of any additional
counsel retained by them, but, in case you do not elect to assume the defense of
any such suit, you will reimburse the Distributor or such controlling person or
persons, defendant or defendants in the suit, for the reasonable fees and
expenses of any counsel retained by them. You shall promptly notify the
Distributor of the commencement of any litigation or proceedings against it or
any of its officers or directors in connection with the issuance or sale of the
Shares.
II. If the indemnification provided for in this Section 10 is unavailable
or insufficient to hold harmless the Distributor, as provided above in respect
of any losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses (or actions in respect
thereof) referred to herein, then you shall contribute to the amount paid or
payable by the Distributor as a result of such losses, claims, damages,
liabilities or expenses (or actions in respect thereof) in such proportion as is
appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by you on the one hand and
the
2
<PAGE>
Distributor on the other from the offering of the Shares. If, however, the
allocation provided by the immediately preceding sentence is not permitted by
applicable law, than you shall contribute to such amount paid or payable by such
indemnified party in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only such
relative benefits but also your relative fault on the one hand and the relative
fault of the Distributor on the other, in connection with the statements or
omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or
expenses (or actions in respect thereof), as well as any other relevant
equitable considerations. You and the Distributor agree that it would not be
just and equitable if contribution were determined by pro rata allocation or by
any other method of allocation which does not take into account the equitable
considerations referred to above. The amount paid or payable by the Distributor
as a result of the losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses (or actions
in respect thereof) referred to above shall be deemed to include any legal or
other expenses reasonably incurred by the Distributor in connection with
investigating or defending any such claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of
this subsection (II), you shall not be required to contribute any amount in
excess of the amount by which the total price at which the Shares distributed by
it to the public were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damages
which it has otherwise been required to pay be reason of such untrue or alleged
untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent
misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act of
1933 Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty
of such fraudulent misrepresentation.
11. We shall have full authority to take such action as we may deem
advisable in respect of all matters pertaining to the distribution and
redemption of Fund shares. We shall be under no liability to you except for
lack of good faith and for obligations expressly assumed by us herein. Nothing
contained in this paragraph is intended to operate as, and the provisions of
this paragraph shall not in any way whatsoever constitute, a waiver by you of
compliance with any provision of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or of
the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission issued
thereunder.
12. You represent that you are a member of the National Association of
Securities Dealers, Inc. and, with respect to any sales in the United States, we
both hereby agree to abide by the Rules of Fair Practice of such Association.
13. Upon application to us, we will inform you as to the states in which
we believe the Shares have been qualified for sale under, or are exempt from the
requirements of, the respective securities laws of such states, but we assume no
responsibility or obligation as to your right to sell Shares in any
jurisdiction.
14. All communications to us should be sent to the address shown below.
Any notice to you shall be duly given if mailed or telegraphed to you at the
address specified by you below.
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15. This Agreement shall become effective as of the date of your
acceptance hereof, provided that you return to us promptly a signed and dated
copy.
DEAN WITTER DISTRIBUTORS INC.
By
--------------------------------------
(Authorized Signature)
Please return one signed copy
of this agreement to:
Dean Witter Distributors Inc.
Two World Trade Center
New York, New York 10048
Accepted:
Firm Name:
-------------------------
By:
---------------------------------
Address:
----------------------------
- ------------------------------------
Date:
-------------------------------
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GLOBAL CUSTODY AGREEMENT
This AGREEMENT is effective October 30, 1992, and is between THE CHASE
MANHATTAN BANK, N.A. (the "Bank") and the TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND (the
"Customer").
1. CUSTOMER ACCOUNTS.
The Bank agrees to establish and maintain the following accounts
("Accounts"):
(a) A custody account in the name of the Customer ("Custody Account") for
any and all stocks, shares, bonds, debentures, notes, mortgages or other
obligations for the payment of money, bullion, coin and any certificates,
receipts, warrants or other instruments representing rights to receive, purchase
or subscribe for the same or evidencing or representing any other rights or
interests therein and other similar property whether certificated or
uncertificated as may be received by the Bank or its Subcustodian (as defined in
Section 3) for the account of the Customer ("Securities"); and
(b) A deposit account in the name of the Customer ("Deposit Account") for
any and all cash in any currency received by the Bank or its Subcustodian for
the account of the Customer, which cash shall not be subject to withdrawal by
draft or check.
The Customer warrants its authority to: 1) deposit the cash and Securities
("Assets") received in the Accounts and 2) give Instructions (as defined in
Section 11) concerning the Accounts. The Bank may deliver securities of the
same class in place of those deposited in the Custody Account.
Upon written agreement between the Bank and the Customer, additional
Accounts may be established and separately accounted for as additional Accounts
under the terms of this Agreement.
2. MAINTENANCE OF SECURITIES AND CASH AT BANK AND SUBCUSTODIAN LOCATIONS.
Unless Instructions specifically require another location acceptable
to the Bank:
(a) Securities will be held in the country or other jurisdiction in which
the principal trading market for such Securities is located, where such
Securities are to be presented for payment or where such Securities are
acquired; and
(b) Cash will be credited to an account in a country or other jurisdiction
in which such cash may be legally deposited or is the legal currency for the
payment of public or private debts.
Cash may be held pursuant to Instructions in either interest or
non-interest bearing accounts as may be available for the particular currency.
To the extent Instructions are issued and the Bank can comply with such
Instructions, the Bank is authorized to maintain cash balances on deposit for
the Customer with itself or one of its affiliates at such reasonable rates of
interest as may from time to time be paid on such accounts, or in non-interest
bearing accounts as the Customer may direct, if acceptable to the Bank.
If the Customer wishes to have any of its Assets held in the custody of an
institution other than the established Subcustodians as defined in Section 3 (or
their securities depositories), such arrangement must be authorized by a written
agreement, signed by the Bank and the Customer.
<PAGE>
3. SUBCUSTODIANS AND SECURITIES DEPOSITORIES.
The Bank may act under this Agreement through the subcustodians listed in
Schedule A of this Agreement with which the Bank has entered into subcustodial
agreements ("Subcustodians"). The Customer authorizes the Bank to hold Assets
in the Accounts in accounts which the Bank has established with one or more of
its branches or Subcustodians. The Bank and Subcustodians are authorized to
hold any of the Securities in their account with any securities depository in
which they participate.
The Bank reserves the right to add new, replace or remove Subcustodians.
The Customer will be given reasonable notice by the Bank of any amendment to
Schedule A. Upon request by the Customer, the Bank will identify the name,
address and principal place of business of any Subcustodian of the Customer's
Assets and the name and address of the governmental agency or other regulatory
authority that supervises or regulates such Subcustodian.
4. USE OF SUBCUSTODIAN.
(a) The Bank will identify such Assets on its books as belonging to the
Customer.
(b) A Subcustodian will hold such Assets together with assets belonging to
other customers of the Bank in accounts identified on such Subcustodian's books
as special custody accounts for the exclusive benefit of customers of the Bank.
(c) Any Assets in the Accounts held by a Subcustodian will be subject only
to the instructions of the Bank or its agent. Any Securities held in a
securities depository for the account of a Subcustodian will be subject only to
the instructions of such Subcustodian.
(d) Any agreement the Bank enters into with a Subcustodian for holding its
customer's assets shall provide that such assets will not be subject to any
right, charge, security interest, lien or claim of any kind in favor of such
Subcustodian except for safe custody or administration, and that the beneficial
ownership of such assets will be freely transferable without the payment of
money or value other than for safe custody or administration. The foregoing
shall not apply to the extent of any special agreement or arrangement made by
the Customer with any particular Subcustodian.
5. DEPOSIT ACCOUNT TRANSACTIONS.
(a) The Bank or its Subcustodians will make payments from the Deposit
Account upon receipt of Instructions which include all information required by
the Bank.
(b) In the event that any payment to be made under this Section 5 exceeds
the funds available in the Deposit Account, the Bank, in its discretion, may
advance the Customer such excess amount which shall be deemed a loan payable on
demand, bearing interest at the rate customarily charged by the Bank on similar
loans.
(c) If the Bank credits the Deposit Account on a payable date, or at any
time prior to actual collection and reconciliation to the Deposit Account, with
interest, dividends, redemptions or any other amount due, the Customer will
promptly return any such amount upon oral or written notification: (i) that such
amount has not been received in the ordinary course of business or (ii) that
such amount was incorrectly credited. If the Customer does not promptly return
any amount upon such notification, the Bank shall be entitled, upon oral or
written notification to the Customer, to reverse such credit by debiting the
Deposit Account for the amount previously credited. The Bank or its
Subcustodian shall have no duty or obligation to institute legal proceedings,
file a claim or a proof of claim in any insolvency proceeding or take
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<PAGE>
any other action with respect to the collection of such amount, but may act for
the Customer upon Instructions after consultation with the Customer.
6. CUSTODY ACCOUNT TRANSACTIONS.
(a) Securities will be transferred, exchanged or delivered by the Bank or
its Subcustodian upon receipt by the Bank of Instructions which include all
information required by the Bank. Settlement and payment for Securities
received for, and delivery of Securities out of, the Custody Account may be made
in accordance with the customary or established securities trading or securities
processing practices and procedures in the jurisdiction or market in which the
transaction occurs, including, without limitation, delivery of Securities to a
purchaser, dealer or their agents against a receipt with the expectation of
receiving later payment and free delivery. Delivery of Securities out of the
Custody Account may also be made in any manner specifically required by
Instructions acceptable to the Bank.
(b) The Bank, in its discretion, may credit or debit the Accounts on a
contractual settlement date with cash or Securities with respect to any sale,
exchange or purchase of Securities. Otherwise, such transactions will be
credited or debited to the Accounts on the date cash or Securities are actually
received by the Bank and reconciled to the Account.
(i) The Bank may reverse credits or debits made to the Accounts
in its discretion if the related transaction fails to settle within a
reasonable period, determined by the Bank in its discretion, after the
contractual settlement date for the related transaction.
(ii) If any Securities delivered pursuant to this Section 6 are
returned by the recipient thereof, the Bank may reverse the credits
and debits of the particular transaction at any time.
7. ACTIONS OF THE BANK.
The Bank shall follow Instructions received regarding assets held in the
Accounts. However, until it receives Instructions to the contrary, the Bank
will:
(a) Present for payment any Securities which are called, redeemed or
retired or otherwise become payable and all coupons and other income items which
call for payment upon presentation, to the extent that the Bank or Subcustodian
is actually aware of such opportunities.
(b) Execute in the name of the Customer such ownership and other
certificates as may be required to obtain payments in respect of Securities.
(c) Exchange interim receipts or temporary Securities for definitive
Securities.
(d) Appoint brokers and agents for any transaction involving the
Securities, including, without limitation, affiliates of the Bank or any
Subcustodian.
(e) Issue statements to the Customer, at times mutually agreed upon,
identifying the Assets in the Accounts.
The Bank will send the Customer an advice or notification of any transfers
of Assets to or from the Accounts. Such statements, advices or notifications
shall indicate the identity of the entity having custody of the Assets. Unless
the Customer sends the Bank a written exception or objection to any Bank
statement within sixty (60) days of receipt, the Customer shall be deemed to
have approved such statement. In such event, or where the Customer has otherwise
approved any such statement, the Bank shall, to the extent permitted by law, be
released, relieved and discharged with respect to
3
<PAGE>
all matters set forth in such statement or reasonably implied therefrom as
though it had been settled by the decree of a court of competent jurisdiction in
an action where the Customer and all persons having or claiming an interest in
the Customer or the Customer's Accounts were parties.
All collections of funds or other property paid or distributed in respect
of Securities in the Custody Account shall be made at the risk of the Customer.
The Bank shall have no liability for any loss occasioned by delay in the actual
4
<PAGE>
receipt of notice by the Bank or by its Subcustodians of any payment, redemption
or other transaction regarding Securities in the Custody Account in respect of
which the Bank has agreed to take any action under this Agreement.
8. CORPORATE ACTIONS; PROXIES.
Whenever the Bank receives information concerning the Securities which
requires discretionary action by the beneficial owner of the Securities (other
than a proxy), such as subscription rights, bonus issues, stock repurchase plans
and rights offerings, or legal notices or other material intended to be
transmitted to securities holders ("Corporate Actions"), the Bank will give the
Customer notice of such Corporate Actions to the extent that the Bank's central
corporate actions department has actual knowledge of a Corporate Action in time
to notify its customers.
When a rights entitlement or a fractional interest resulting from a rights
issue, stock dividend, stock split or similar Corporate Action is received which
bears an expiration date, the Bank will endeavor to obtain Instructions from the
Customer or its Authorized Person, but if Instructions are not received in time
for the Bank to take timely action, or actual notice of such Corporate Action
was received too late to seek Instructions, the Bank is authorized to sell such
rights entitlement or fractional interest and to credit the Deposit Account with
the proceeds or take any other action it deems, in good faith, to be appropriate
in which case it shall be held harmless for any such action.
The Bank will deliver proxies to the Customer or its designated agent
pursuant to special arrangements which may have been agreed to in writing. Such
proxies shall be executed in the appropriate nominee name relating to Securities
in the Custody Account registered in the name of such nominee but without
indicating the manner in which such proxies are to be voted; and where bearer
Securities are involved, proxies will be delivered in accordance with
Instructions.
9. NOMINEES.
Securities which are ordinarily held in registered form may be registered
in a nominee name of the Bank, Subcustodian or securities depository, as the
case may be. The Bank may without notice to the Customer cause any such
Securities to cease to be registered in the name of any such nominee and to be
registered in the name of the Customer. In the event that any Securities
registered in a nominee name are called for partial redemption by the issuer,
the Bank may allot the called portion to the respective beneficial holders of
such class of security in any manner the Bank deems to be fair and equitable.
The Customer agrees to hold the Bank, Subcustodians, and their respective
nominees harmless from any liability arising directly or indirectly from their
status as a mere record holder of Securities in the Custody Account.
10. AUTHORIZED PERSONS.
As used in this Agreement, the term "Authorized Person" means employees or
agents including investment managers as have been designated by written notice
from the Customer or its designated agent to act on behalf of the Customer under
this Agreement. Such persons shall continue to be Authorized Persons until such
time as the Bank receives Instructions from the Customer or its designated agent
that any such employee or agent is no longer an Authorized Person.
11. INSTRUCTIONS.
The term "Instructions" means instructions of any Authorized Person
received by the Bank, via telephone, telex, TWX, facsimile transmission, bank
wire or other teleprocess or electronic instruction or trade information system
acceptable to the Bank which the Bank believes in good faith to have been given
by Authorized Persons or which are
5
<PAGE>
transmitted with proper testing or authentication pursuant to terms and
conditions which the Bank may specify. Unless otherwise expressly provided, all
Instructions shall continue in full force and effect until canceled or
superseded.
Any Instructions delivered to the Bank by telephone shall promptly
thereafter be confirmed in writing by an Authorized Person (which confirmation
may bear the facsimile signature of such Person), but the Customer will hold the
Bank harmless for the failure of an Authorized Person to send such confirmation
in writing, the failure of such confirmation to conform to the telephone
instructions received or the Bank's failure to produce such confirmation at any
subsequent time. The Bank may electronically record any Instructions given by
telephone, and any other telephone discussions with respect to the Custody
Account. The Customer shall be responsible for safeguarding any testkeys,
identification codes or other security devices which the Bank shall make
available to the Customer or its Authorized Persons.
12. STANDARD OF CARE; LIABILITIES.
(a) The Bank shall be responsible for the performance of only such
duties as are set forth in this Agreement or expressly contained in Instructions
which are consistent with the provisions of this Agreement as follows:
(i) The Bank will use reasonable care with respect to its
obligations under this Agreement and the safekeeping of Assets. The
Bank shall be liable to the Customer for any loss which shall occur as
the result of the failure of a Subcustodian to exercise reasonable
care with respect to the safekeeping of such Assets to the same extent
that the Bank would be liable to the Customer if the Bank were holding
such Assets in New York. In the event of any loss to the Customer by
reason of the failure of the Bank or its Subcustodian to utilize
reasonable care, the Bank shall be liable to the Customer only to the
extent of the Customer's direct damages, to be determined based on the
market value of the property which is the subject of the loss at the
date of discovery of such loss and without reference to any special
conditions or circumstances.
(ii) The Bank will not be responsible for any act, omission,
default or for the solvency of any broker or agent which it or a
Subcustodian appoints unless such appointment was made negligently or
in bad faith.
(iii) The Bank shall be indemnified by, and without liability to
the Customer for any action taken or omitted by the Bank whether
pursuant to Instructions or otherwise within the scope of this
Agreement if such act or omission was in good faith, without
negligence. In performing its obligations under this Agreement, the
Bank may rely on the genuineness of any document which it believes in
good faith to have been validly executed.
(iv) The Customer agrees to pay for and hold the Bank harmless
from any liability or loss resulting from the imposition or assessment
of any taxes or other governmental charges, and any related expenses
with respect to income from or Assets in the Accounts.
(v) The Bank shall be entitled to rely, and may act, upon the
advice of counsel (who may be counsel for the Customer) on all matters
and shall be without liability for any action reasonably taken or
omitted pursuant to such advice.
(vi) The Bank need not maintain any insurance for the benefit of
the Customer.
(vii) Without limiting the foregoing, the Bank shall not be
liable for any loss which results from: 1) the general risk of
investing, or 2) investing or holding Assets in a particular country
including, but
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<PAGE>
not limited to, losses resulting from nationalization, expropriation or
other governmental actions; regulation of the banking or securities
industry; currency restrictions, devaluations or fluctuations; and market
conditions which prevent the orderly execution of securities transactions
or affect the value of Assets.
(viii) Neither party shall be liable to the other for any loss due
to forces beyond their control including, but not limited to strikes
or work stoppages, acts of war or terrorism, insurrection, revolution,
nuclear fusion, fission or radiation, or acts of God.
(b) Consistent with and without limiting the first paragraph of this
Section 12, it is specifically acknowledged that the Bank shall have no duty or
responsibility to:
(i) question Instructions or make any suggestions to the
Customer or an Authorized Person regarding such Instructions;
(ii) supervise or make recommendations with respect to
investments or the retention of Securities;
(iii) advise the Customer or an Authorized Person regarding any
default in the payment of principal or income of any security other
than as provided in Section 5(c) of this Agreement;
(iv) evaluate or report to the Customer or an Authorized Person
regarding the financial condition of any broker, agent or other party
to which Securities are delivered or payments are made pursuant to
this Agreement;
(v) review or reconcile trade confirmations received from
brokers. The Customer or its Authorized Persons (as defined in
Section 10) issuing Instructions shall bear any responsibility to
review such confirmations against Instructions issued to and
statements issued by the Bank.
(c) The Customer authorizes the Bank to act under this Agreement
notwithstanding that the Bank or any of its divisions or affiliates may have a
material interest in a transaction, or circumstances are such that the Bank may
have a potential conflict of duty or interest including the fact that the Bank
or any of its affiliates may provide brokerage services to other customers, act
as financial advisor to the issuer of Securities, act as a lender to the issuer
of Securities, act in the same transaction as agent for more than one customer,
have a material interest in the issue of Securities, or earn profits from any of
the activities listed herein.
13. FEES AND EXPENSES.
The Customer agrees to pay the Bank for its services under this Agreement
such amount as may be agreed upon in writing, together with the Bank's
reasonable out-of-pocket or incidental expenses, including, but not limited to,
legal fees. The Bank shall have a lien on and is authorized to charge any
Accounts of the Customer for any amount owing to the Bank under any provision of
this Agreement.
14. MISCELLANEOUS.
(a) FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS. To facilitate the administration of
the Customer's trading and investment activity, the Bank is authorized to enter
into spot or forward foreign exchange contracts with the Customer or an
Authorized Person for the Customer and may also provide foreign exchange through
its subsidiaries, affiliates or Subcustodians. Instructions, including standing
instructions, may be issued with respect to such contracts but the Bank
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<PAGE>
may establish rules or limitations concerning any foreign exchange facility made
available. In all cases where the Bank, its subsidiaries, affiliates or
Subcustodians enter into a foreign exchange contract related to Accounts, the
terms and conditions of the then current foreign exchange contract of the Bank,
its subsidiary, affiliate or Subcustodian and, to the extent not inconsistent,
this Agreement shall apply to such transaction.
(b) CERTIFICATION OF RESIDENCY, ETC. The Customer certifies that it
is a resident of the United States and agrees to notify the Bank of any changes
in residency. The Bank may rely upon this certification or the certification of
such other facts as may be required to administer the Bank's obligations under
this Agreement. The Customer will indemnify the Bank against all losses,
liability, claims or demands arising directly or indirectly from any such
certifications.
(c) ACCESS TO RECORDS. The Bank shall allow the Customer's
independent public accountant reasonable access to the records of the Bank
relating to the Assets as is required in connection with their examination of
books and records pertaining to the Customer's affairs. Subject to restrictions
under applicable law, the Bank shall also obtain an undertaking to permit the
Customer's independent public accountants reasonable access to the records of
any Subcustodian which has physical possession of any Assets as may be required
in connection with the examination of the Customer's books and records.
(d) GOVERNING LAW; SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS. This Agreement shall be
governed by the laws of the State of New York and shall not be assignable by
either party, but shall bind the successors in interest of the Customer and the
Bank.
(e) ENTIRE AGREEMENT; APPLICABLE RIDERS. Customer represents that
the Assets deposited in the Accounts are (Check one):
Employee Benefit Plan or other assets subject to the Employee
--- Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA");
X Mutual Fund assets subject to certain Securities and Exchange
--- Commission ("SEC") rules and regulations;
Neither of the above.
---
This Agreement consists exclusively of this document together with Schedule
A, Exhibits I - _______ and the following Rider(s) [Check applicable
rider(s)]:
ERISA
----
X MUTUAL FUND
-----
SPECIAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS
----
There are no other provisions of this Agreement and this Agreement
supersedes any other agreements, whether
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<PAGE>
written or oral, between the parties. Any amendment to this Agreement must be
in writing, executed by both parties.
(f) SEVERABILITY. In the event that one or more provisions of this
Agreement are held invalid, illegal or enforceable in any respect on the basis
of any particular circumstances or in any jurisdiction, the validity, legality
and enforceability of such provision or provisions under other circumstances or
in other jurisdictions and of the remaining provisions will not in any way be
affected or impaired.
(g) WAIVER. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, no
failure or delay on the part of either party in exercising any power or right
under this Agreement operates as a waiver, nor does any single or partial
exercise of any power or right preclude any other or further exercise, or the
exercise of any other power or right. No waiver by a party
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<PAGE>
of any provision of this Agreement, or waiver of any breach or default, is
effective unless in writing and signed by the party against whom the waiver is
to be enforced.
(h) NOTICES. All notices under this Agreement shall be effective
when actually received. Any notices or other communications which may be
required under this Agreement are to be sent to the parties at the following
addresses or such other addresses as may subsequently be given to the other
party in writing:
Bank: The Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A.
Chase MetroTech Center
Brooklyn, NY 11245
Attention: Global Custody Division
or telex:
--------------------------------
Customer: DEAN WITTER SERVICES
-----------------------------------------
2 WORLD TRADE CENTER, 72ND FLOOR
------------------------------------------------------------
NEW YORK, NY 10048
---------------------------------------------------------
or telex:
------------------------------------------------
(i) TERMINATION. This Agreement may be terminated by the Customer or the
Bank by giving sixty (60) days written notice to the other, provided that such
notice to the Bank shall specify the names of the persons to whom the Bank shall
deliver the Assets in the Accounts. If notice of termination is given by the
Bank, the Customer shall, within sixty (60) days following receipt of the
notice, deliver to the Bank Instructions specifying the names of the persons to
whom the Bank shall deliver the Assets. In either case the Bank will deliver
the Assets to the persons so specified, after deducting any amounts which the
Bank determines in good faith to be owed to it under Section 13. If within
sixty (60) days following receipt of a notice of termination by the Bank, the
Bank does not receive Instructions from the Customer specifying the names of the
persons to whom the Bank shall deliver the Assets, the Bank, at its election,
may deliver the Assets to a bank or trust company doing business in the State of
New York to be held and disposed of pursuant to the provisions of this
Agreement, or to Authorized Persons, or may continue to hold the Assets until
Instructions are provided to the Bank.
CUSTOMER
By:
--------------------------------------------
Title
THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, N.A.
By:
---------------------------------------------
Title: Vice President
10
<PAGE>
Mutual Fund Rider
Between The Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A. and
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
effective OCTOBER 30, 1992
Customer represents that the Assets being placed in the Bank's custody are
subject to the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the Act), as the same may be
amended from time to time.
Except to the extent that the Bank has specifically agreed to comply with a
condition of a rule, regulation, interpretation promulgated by or under the
authority of the SEC or the Exemptive Order applicable to accounts of this
nature issued to the Bank (Investment Company Act of 1940, Release No. 12053,
November 20, 1981), as amended, or unless the Bank has otherwise specifically
agreed, the Customer shall be solely responsible to assure that the maintenance
of Assets under this Agreement complies with such rules, regulations,
interpretations or exemptive order promulgated by or under the authority of the
Securities Exchange Commission.
The following modifications are made to the Agreement:
Section 3. SUBCUSTODIANS AND SECURITIES DEPOSITORIES.
Add the following language to the end of Section 3:
The terms Subcustodian and securities depositories as used in this
Agreement shall mean a branch of a qualified U.S. bank, an eligible foreign
custodian or an eligible foreign securities depository, which are further
defined as follows:
(a) "qualified U.S. Bank" shall mean a qualified U.S. bank as defined in
Rule 17f-5 under the Investment Company Act of 1940;
(b) "eligible foreign custodian" shall mean (i) a banking institution or
trust company incorporated or organized under the laws of a country other
than the United States that is regulated as such by that country's
government or an agency thereof and that has shareholders' equity in excess
of $200 million in U.S. currency (or a foreign currency equivalent
thereof), (ii) a majority owned direct or indirect subsidiary of a
qualified U.S. bank or bank
11
<PAGE>
holding company that is incorporated or organized under the laws of a
country other than the United States and that has shareholders' equity in
excess of $100 million in U.S. currency (or a foreign currency equivalent
thereof)(iii) a banking institution or trust company incorporated or
organized under the laws of a country other than the United States or a
majority owned direct or indirect subsidiary of a qualified U.S. bank or
bank holding company that is incorporated or organized under the laws of
a country other than the United States which has such other qualifications
as shall be specified in Instructions and approved by the Bank; or (iv)
any other entity that shall have been so qualified by exemptive order,
rule or other appropriate action of the SEC; and
(c) "eligible foreign securities depository" shall mean a securities
depository or clearing agency, incorporated or organized under the laws of
a country other than the United States, which operates (i) the central
system for handling securities or equivalent book-entries in that country,
or (ii) a transnational system for the central handling of securities or
equivalent book-entries.
The Customer represents that its Board of Directors has approved each of
the Subcustodians listed in Schedule A to this Agreement and the terms of the
subcustody agreements between the Bank and each Subcustodian, which are attached
as Schedule A, and further represents that its Board has determined that the use
of each Subcustodian and the terms of each subcustody agreement are consistent
with the best interests of the Fund(s) and its (their) shareholders. The Bank
will supply the Customer with any amendment to Schedule A for approval. The
Customer has supplied or will supply the Bank with certified copies of its Board
of Directors resolution(s) with respect to the foregoing prior to placing Assets
with any Subcustodian so approved.
Section 11. INSTRUCTIONS.
Add the following language to the end of Section 11:
Deposit Account Payments and Custody Account Transactions made pursuant to
Section 5 and 6 of this Agreement may be made only for the purposes listed
below. Instructions must specify the purpose for which any transaction is
to be made and Customer shall be solely responsible to assure that
Instructions are in accord with any limitations or restrictions applicable
to the Customer by law or as may be set forth in its prospectus.
(a) In connection with the purchase or sale of Securities at prices as
confirmed by Instructions;
(b) When Securities are called, redeemed or retired, or otherwise become
payable;
12
<PAGE>
(c) In exchange for or upon conversion into other securities alone or
other securities and cash pursuant to any plan or merger, consolidation,
reorganization, recapitalization or readjustment;
(d) Upon conversion of Securities pursuant to their terms into other
securities;
(e) Upon exercise of subscription, purchase or other similar rights
represented by Securities;
(f) For the payment of interest, taxes, management or supervisory fees,
distributions or operating expenses;
(g) In connection with any borrowings by the Customer requiring a pledge
of Securities, but only against receipt of amounts borrowed;
(h) In connection with any loans, but only against receipt of adequate
collateral as specified in Instructions which shall reflect any
restrictions applicable to the Customer;
(i) For the purpose of redeeming shares of the capital stock of the
Customer and the delivery to, or the crediting to the account of, the Bank,
its Subcustodian or the Customer's transfer agent, such shares to be
purchased or redeemed;
(j) For the purpose of redeeming in kind shares of the Customer against
delivery to the Bank, its Subcustodian or the Customer's transfer agent of
such shares to be so redeemed;
(k) For delivery in accordance with the provisions of any agreement among
the Customer, the Bank and a broker-dealer registered under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act") and a member of The National
Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. ("NASD"), relating to compliance
with the rules of The Options Clearing Corporation and of any registered
national securities exchange, or of any similar organization or
organizations, regarding escrow or other arrangements in connection with
transactions by the Customer;
(l) For release of Securities to designated brokers under covered call
options, provided, however, that such Securities shall be released only
upon payment to the Bank of monies for the premium due and a receipt for
the Securities which are to be held in escrow. Upon exercise of the
option, or at expiration, the Bank will receive from brokers the Securities
previously deposited. The Bank will act strictly in accordance with
Instructions in the delivery of Securities to be held in escrow and will
have no responsibility or liability for any such Securities which are not
returned promptly when due other than to make proper request for such
return;
(m) For spot or forward foreign exchange transactions to facilitate
security trading, receipt of income from Securities or related
transactions;
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<PAGE>
(n) For other proper purposes as may be specified in Instructions issued
by an officer of the Customer which shall include a statement of the
purpose for which the delivery or payment is to be made, the amount of the
payment or specific Securities to be delivered, the name of the person or
persons to whom delivery or payment is to be made, and a certification that
the purpose is a proper purpose under the instruments governing the
Customer; and
(o) Upon the termination of this Agreement as set forth in Section 14(i).
Section 12. STANDARD OF CARE; LIABILITIES.
Add the following subsection (c) to Section 12:
(c) The Bank hereby warrants to the Customer that in its opinion, after
due inquiry, the established procedures to be followed by each of its
branches, each branch of a qualified U.S. bank, each eligible foreign
custodian and each eligible foreign securities depository holding the
Customer's Securities pursuant to this Agreement afford protection for such
Securities at least equal to that afforded by the Bank's established
procedures with respect to similar securities held by the Bank and its
securities depositories in New York.
SECTION 14. ACCESS TO RECORDS.
ADD THE FOLLOWING LANGUAGE TO THE END OF SECTION 14(C):
Upon reasonable request from the Customer, the Bank shall furnish the
Customer such reports (or portions thereof) of the Bank's system of
internal accounting controls applicable to the Bank's duties under this
Agreement. The Bank shall endeavor to obtain and furnish the Customer with
such similar reports as it may reasonably request with respect to each
Subcustodian and securities depository holding the Customer's assets.
14
<PAGE>
AMENDED AND RESTATED
TRANSFER AGENCY AND SERVICE AGREEMENT
with
DEAN WITTER TRUST COMPANY
<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
----
Article 1 Terms of Appointment; Duties of DWTC . . . . . . 2
Article 2 Fees and Expenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Article 3 Representations and Warranties of DWTC . . . . . 7
Article 4 Representations and Warranties of the
Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Article 5 Duty of Care and Indemnification . . . . . . . . 9
Article 6 Documents and Covenants of the Fund and
DWTC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Article 7 Duration and Termination of Agreement. . . . . .16
Article 8 Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Article 9 Affiliations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Article 10 Amendment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Article 11 Applicable Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Article 12 Miscellaneous. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Article 13 Merger of Agreement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Article 14 Personal Liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
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<PAGE>
AMENDED AND RESTATED TRANSFER AGENCY AND SERVICE AGREEMENT
AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT made as of the 1st day of August, 1993
by and between each of the TCW/DW Funds listed on the signature pages hereof,
each of such Funds acting severally on its own behalf and not jointly with any
of such other Funds (each such Fund hereinafter referred to as the "Fund"), each
such Fund having its principal office and place of business at Two World Trade
Center, New York, New York, 10048, and DEAN WITTER TRUST COMPANY, a trust
company organized under the laws of New Jersey, having its principal office and
place of business at Harborside Financial Center, Plaza Two, Jersey City, New
Jersey 07311 ("DWTC").
WHEREAS, the Fund desires to appoint DWTC as its transfer agent,
dividend disbursing agent and shareholder servicing agent and DWTC desires to
accept such appointment;
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants herein
contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:
-1-
<PAGE>
Article 1 TERMS OF APPOINTMENT; DUTIES OF DWTC
1.1 Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this
Agreement, the Fund hereby employs and appoints DWTC to act as, and DWTC agrees
to act as, the transfer agent for each series and class of shares of the Fund,
whether now or hereafter authorized or issued ("Shares"), dividend disbursing
agent and shareholder servicing agent in connection with any accumulation, open-
account or similar plans provided to the holders of such Shares ("Shareholders")
and set out in the currently effective prospectus and statement of additional
information ("prospectus") of the Fund, including without limitation any
periodic investment plan or periodic withdrawal program.
1.2 DWTC agrees that it will perform the following services:
(a) In accordance with procedures established from time to time
by agreement between the Fund and DWTC, DWTC shall:
(i) Receive for acceptance, orders for the purchase of Shares,
and promptly deliver payment and appropriate documentation therefor to the
custodian of the assets of the Fund (the "Custodian");
-2-
<PAGE>
(ii) Pursuant to purchase orders, issue the appropriate number
of Shares and issue certificates therefor or hold such Shares in book form in
the appropriate Shareholder account;
(iii) Receive for acceptance redemption requests and redemption
directions and deliver the appropriate documentation therefor to the Custodian;
(iv) At the appropriate time as and when it receives monies paid
to it by the Custodian with respect to any redemption, pay over or cause to be
paid over in the appropriate manner such monies as instructed by the redeeming
Shareholders;
(v) Effect transfers of Shares by the registered owners thereof
upon receipt of appropriate instructions;
(vi) Prepare and transmit payments for dividends and
distributions declared by the Fund;
(vii) Calculate any sales charges payable by a Shareholder on
purchases and/or redemptions of Shares of the Fund as such charges may be
reflected in the prospectus;
(viii) Maintain records of account for and advise the Fund and
its Shareholders as to the foregoing; and
-3-
<PAGE>
(ix) Record the issuance of Shares of the Fund and maintain
pursuant to Rule 17Ad-10(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ("1934
Act") a record of the total number of Shares of the Fund which are authorized,
based upon data provided to it by the Fund, and issued and outstanding. DWTC
shall also provide to the Fund on a regular basis the total number of Shares
which are authorized, issued and outstanding and shall notify the Fund in case
any proposed issue of Shares by the Fund would result in an overissue. In case
any issue of Shares would result in an overissue, DWTC shall refuse to issue
such Shares and shall not countersign and issue any certificates requested for
such Shares. When recording the issuance of Shares, DWTC shall have no
obligation to take cognizance of any Blue Sky laws relating to the issue of sale
of such Shares, which functions shall be the sole responsibility of the Fund.
(b) In addition to and not in lieu of the services set forth in
the above paragraph (a), DWTC shall: (i) perform all of the customary services
of a transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent and, as relevant, shareholder
servicing agent in connection with dividend reinvestment, accumulation, open-
account or similar plans (including without limitation any periodic investment
plan or periodic withdrawal program), including but not limited to, maintaining
all Shareholder accounts, preparing Shareholder meeting lists,
-4-
<PAGE>
mailing proxies, receiving and tabulating proxies, mailing shareholder reports
and prospectuses to current Shareholders, withholding taxes on U.S. resident and
non-resident alien accounts, preparing and filing appropriate forms required
with respect to dividends and distributions by federal tax authorities for all
Shareholders, preparing and mailing confirmation forms and statements of account
to Shareholders for all purchases and redemptions of Shares and other
confirmable transactions in Shareholder accounts, preparing and mailing activity
statements for Shareholders and providing Shareholder account information; (ii)
open any and all bank accounts which may be necessary or appropriate in order to
provide the foregoing services; and (iii) provide a system which will enable the
Fund to monitor the total number of Shares sold in each State or other
jurisdiction.
(c) In addition, the Fund shall (i) identify to DWTC in writing
those transactions and assets to be treated as exempt from Blue Sky reporting
for each State and (ii) verify the establishment of transactions for each State
on the system prior to activation and thereafter monitor the daily activity for
each State. The responsibility of DWTC for the Fund's registration status under
the Blue Sky or securities laws of any State or other jurisdiction is solely
limited to the initial establishment of transactions subject to Blue Sky
compliance by the Fund and the reporting of such transactions
-5-
<PAGE>
to the Fund as provided above and as agreed from time to time by the Fund and
DWTC.
(d) DWTC shall provide such additional services and functions
not specifically described herein as may be mutually agreed between DWTC and the
Fund. Procedures applicable to such services may be established from time to
time by agreement between the Fund and DWTC.
Article 2 FEES AND EXPENSES
2.1 For performance by DWTC pursuant to this Agreement, each
Fund agrees to pay DWTC an annual maintenance fee for each Shareholder account
and certain transactional fees, if applicable, as set out in the respective fee
schedule attached hereto as Schedule A. Such fees and out-of-pocket expenses and
advances identified under Section 2.2 below may be changed from time to time
subject to mutual written agreement between the Fund and DWTC.
2.2 In addition to the fees paid under Section 2.1 above, the
Fund agrees to reimburse DWTC in connection with the services rendered by DWTC
hereunder. In addition, any other expenses incurred by DWTC at the request or
with the consent of the Fund will be reimbursed by the Fund.
2.3 The Fund agrees to pay all fees and reimbursable expenses
within a reasonable period of time
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<PAGE>
following the mailing of the respective billing notice. Postage for mailing of
dividends, proxies, Fund reports and other mailings to all Shareholder accounts
shall be advanced to DWTC by the Fund upon request prior to the mailing date of
such materials.
Article 3 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF DWTC
DWTC represents and warrants to the Fund that:
3.1 It is a trust company duly organized and existing in good
standing under the laws of New Jersey and it is duly qualified to carry on its
business in New Jersey.
3.2 It is and will remain registered with the U.S. Securities
and Exchange Commission ("SEC") as a Transfer Agent pursuant to the requirements
of Section 17A of the 1934 Act.
3.3 It is empowered under applicable laws and by its charter and
By-Laws to enter into and perform this Agreement.
3.4 All requisite corporate proceedings have been taken to
authorize it to enter into and perform this Agreement.
3.5 It has and will continue to have access to the necessary
facilities, equipment and personnel to perform its duties and obligations under
this Agreement.
-7-
<PAGE>
Article 4 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE FUND
The Fund represents and warrants to DWTC that:
4.1 It is a corporation duly organized and existing and in good
standing under the laws of Delaware or Maryland or a trust duly organized and
existing and in good standing under the laws of Massachusetts, as the case may
be.
4.2 It is empowered under applicable laws and by its Articles of
Incorporation or Declaration of Trust, as the case may be, and under its By-Laws
to enter into and perform this Agreement.
4.3 All corporate proceedings necessary to authorize it to enter
into and perform this Agreement have been taken.
4.4 It is an investment company registered with the SEC under
the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act").
4.5 A registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933
(the "1933 Act") is currently effective and will remain effective, and
appropriate state securities law filings have been made and will continue to be
made, with respect to all Shares of the Fund being offered for sale.
Article 5 DUTY OF CARE AND INDEMNIFICATION
-8-
<PAGE>
5.1 DWTC shall not be responsible for, and the Fund shall
indemnify and hold DWTC harmless from and against, any and all losses, damages,
costs, charges, counsel fees, payments, expenses and liability arising out of or
attributable to:
(a) All actions of DWTC or its agents or subcontractors required
to be taken pursuant to this Agreement, provided that such actions are taken in
good faith and without negligence or willful misconduct.
(b) The Fund's refusal or failure to comply with the terms of
this Agreement, or which arise out of the Fund's lack of good faith, negligence
or willful misconduct or which arise out of breach of any representation or
warranty of the Fund hereunder.
(c) The reliance on or use by DWTC or its agents or
subcontractors of information, records and documents which (i) are received by
DWTC or its agents or subcontractors and furnished to it by or on behalf of the
Fund, and (ii) have been prepared and/or maintained by the Fund or any other
person or firm on behalf of the Fund.
(d) The reliance on, or the carrying out by DWTC or its agents
or subcontractors of, any instructions or requests of the Fund.
-9-
<PAGE>
(e) The offer or sale of Shares in violation of any requirement
under the federal securities laws or regulations or the securities or Blue Sky
laws of any State or other jurisdiction that such Shares be registered in such
State or other jurisdiction or in violation of any stop order or other
determination or ruling by any federal agency or any State or other jurisdiction
with respect to the offer or sale of such Shares in such State or other
jurisdiction.
5.2 DWTC shall indemnify and hold the Fund harmless from or
against any and all losses, damages, costs, charges, counsel fees, payments,
expenses and liability arising out of or attributable to any action or failure
or omission to act by DWTC as a result of the lack of good faith, negligence or
willful misconduct of DWTC, its officers, employees or agents.
5.3 At any time, DWTC may apply to any officer of the Fund for
instructions, and may consult with legal counsel to the Fund, with respect to
any matter arising in connection with the services to be performed by DWTC under
this Agreement, and DWTC and its agents or subcontractors shall not be liable
and shall be indemnified by the Fund for any action taken or omitted by it in
reliance upon such instructions or upon the opinion of such counsel. DWTC, its
agents and subcontractors shall be protected and indemnified
-10-
<PAGE>
in acting upon any paper or document furnished by or on behalf of the Fund,
reasonably believed to be genuine and to have been signed by the proper person
or persons, or upon any instruction, information, data, records or documents
provided to DWTC or its agents or subcontractors by machine readable input,
telex, CRT data entry or other similar means authorized by the Fund, and shall
not be held to have notice of any change of authority of any person, until
receipt of written notice thereof from the Fund. DWTC, its agents and
subcontractors shall also be protected and indemnified in recognizing stock
certificates which are reasonably believed to bear the proper manual or
facsimile signature of the officers of the Fund, and the proper countersignature
of any former transfer agent or registrar, or of a co-transfer agent or co-
registrar.
5.4 In the event either party is unable to perform its
obligations under the terms of this Agreement because of acts of God, strikes,
equipment or transmission failure or damage reasonably beyond its control, or
other causes reasonably beyond its control, such party shall not be liable for
damages to the other for any damages resulting from such failure to perform or
otherwise from such causes.
-11-
<PAGE>
5.5 Neither party to this Agreement shall be liable to the other
party for consequential damages under any provision of this Agreement or for any
act or failure to act hereunder.
5.6 In order that the indemnification provisions contained in
this Article 5 shall apply, upon the assertion of a claim for which either party
may be required to indemnify the other, the party seeking indemnification shall
promptly notify the other party of such assertion, and shall keep the other
party advised with respect to all developments concerning such claim. The party
who may be required to indemnify shall have the option to participate with the
party seeking indemnification in the defense of such claim. The party seeking
indemnification shall in no case confess any claim or make any compromise in any
case in which the other party may be required to indemnify it except with the
other party's prior written consent.
Article 6 DOCUMENTS AND COVENANTS OF THE FUND AND DWTC
6.1 The Fund shall promptly furnish to DWTC the following:
(a) If a corporation:
(i) A certified copy of the resolution of the Board of Directors
of the Fund authorizing the appointment of DWTC and the execution and delivery
of this Agreement;
-12-
<PAGE>
(ii) A certified copy of the Articles of Incorporation and By-
Laws of the Fund and all amendments thereto;
(iii) Certified copies of each vote of the Board of Directors
designating persons authorized to give instructions on behalf of the Fund and
signature cards bearing the signature of any officer of the Fund or any other
person authorized to sign written instructions on behalf of the Fund;
(iv) A specimen of the certificate for Shares of the Fund in the
form approved by the Board of Directors, with a certificate of the Secretary of
the Fund as to such approval;
(b) If a business trust:
(i) A certified copy of the resolution of the Board of Trustees
of the Fund authorizing the appointment of DWTC and the execution and delivery
of this Agreement;
(ii) A certified copy of the Declaration of Trust and By-Laws of
the Fund and all amendments thereto;
(iii) Certified copies of each vote of the Board of Trustees
designating persons authorized to give instructions on behalf of the Fund and
signature cards bearing the signature of any officer of the Fund or any other
person authorized to sign written instructions on behalf of the Fund;
-13-
<PAGE>
(iv) A specimen of the certificate for Shares of the Fund in the
form approved by the Board of Trustees, with a certificate of the Secretary of
the Fund as to such approval;
(c) The current registration statements and any amendments and
supplements thereto filed with the SEC pursuant to the requirements of the 1933
Act or the 1940 Act;
(d) All account application forms or other documents relating to
Shareholder accounts and/or relating to any plan, program or service offered or
to be offered by the Fund; and
(e) Such other certificates, documents or opinions as DWTC deems
to be appropriate or necessary for the proper performance of its duties.
6.2 DWTC hereby agrees to establish and maintain facilities and
procedures reasonably acceptable to the Fund for safekeeping of Share
certificates, check forms and facsimile signature imprinting devices, if any;
and for the preparation or use, and for keeping account of, such certificates,
forms and devices.
6.3 DWTC shall prepare and keep records relating to the services
to be performed hereunder, in the form and manner as it may deem advisable and
as required by applicable laws and regulations. To the extent required by
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<PAGE>
Section 31 of the 1940 Act, and the rules and regulations thereunder, DWTC
agrees that all such records prepared or maintained by DWTC relating to the
services performed by DWTC hereunder are the property of the Fund and will be
preserved, maintained and made available in accordance with such Section 31 of
the 1940 Act, and the rules and regulations thereunder, and will be surrendered
promptly to the Fund on and in accordance with its request.
6.4 DWTC and the Fund agree that all books, records, information
and data pertaining to the business of the other party which are exchanged or
received pursuant to the negotiation or the carrying out of this Agreement shall
remain confidential and shall not be voluntarily disclosed to any other person
except as may be required by law or with the prior consent of DWTC and the Fund.
6.5 In case of any request or demands for the inspection of the
Shareholder records of the Fund, DWTC will endeavor to notify the Fund and to
secure instructions from an authorized officer of the Fund as to such
inspection. DWTC reserves the right, however, to exhibit the Shareholder records
to any person whenever it is advised by its counsel that it may be held liable
for the failure to exhibit the Shareholder records to such person.
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<PAGE>
Article 7 DURATION AND TERMINATION OF AGREEMENT
7.1 This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect until
July 31, 1996 and from year-to-year thereafter unless terminated by either party
as provided in Section 7.2 hereof.
7.2 This Agreement may be terminated by the Fund on 60 days
written notice, and by DWTC on 90 days written notice, to the other party
without payment of any penalty.
7.3 Should the Fund exercise its right to terminate, all out-of-
pocket expenses associated with the movement of records and other materials will
be borne by the Fund. Additionally, DWTC reserves the right to charge for any
other reasonable fees and expenses associated with such termination.
Article 8 ASSIGNMENT
8.1 Except as provided in Section 8.3 below, neither this
Agreement nor any rights or obligations hereunder may be assigned by either
party without the written consent of the other party.
8.2 This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding
upon the parties and their respective permitted successors and assigns.
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<PAGE>
8.3 DWTC may, in its sole discretion and without further consent
by the Fund, subcontract, in whole or in part, for the performance of its
obligations and duties hereunder with any person or entity including but not
limited to companies which are affiliated with DWTC; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that
such person or entity has and maintains the qualifications, if any, required to
perform such obligations and duties, and that DWTC shall be as fully responsible
to the Fund for the acts and omissions of any agent or subcontractor as it is
for its own acts or omissions under this Agreement.
Article 9 AFFILIATIONS
9.1 DWTC may now or hereafter, without the consent of or notice
to the Fund, function as transfer agent and/or shareholder servicing agent for
any other investment company registered with the SEC under the 1940 Act and for
any other issuer, including without limitation any investment company whose
adviser, administrator, sponsor or principal underwriter is or may become
affiliated with Dean Witter, Discover & Co. or any of its direct or indirect
subsidiaries or affiliates.
9.2 It is understood and agreed that the Directors or Trustees
(as the case may be), officers, employees, agents and shareholders of the Fund,
and the directors, officers, employees, agents and shareholders of the
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<PAGE>
Fund's investment adviser and/or distributor, are or may be interested in DWTC
as directors, officers, employees, agents and shareholders or otherwise, and
that the directors, officers, employees, agents and shareholders of DWTC may be
interested in the Fund as Directors or Trustees (as the case may be), officers,
employees, agents and shareholders or otherwise, or in the investment adviser
and/or distributor as directors, officers, employees, agents, shareholders or
otherwise.
Article 10 AMENDMENT
10.1 This Agreement may be amended or modified by a written
agreement executed by both parties and authorized or approved by a resolution of
the Board of Directors or the Board of Trustees (as the case may be) of the
Fund.
Article 11 APPLICABLE LAW
11.1 This Agreement shall be construed and the provisions
thereof interpreted under and in accordance with the laws of the State of New
York.
Article 12 MISCELLANEOUS
12.1 In the event that one or more additional investment
companies managed or administered by Dean Witter InterCapital Inc. or any of its
affiliates ("Additional TCW/DW Funds") desires to retain DWTC to act as transfer
agent, dividend disbursing agent and/or shareholder servicing agent,
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<PAGE>
and DWTC desires to render such services, such services shall be provided
pursuant to a letter agreement, substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto,
between DWTC and each Additional TCW/DW Fund.
12.2 In the event of an alleged loss or destruction of any Share
certificate, no new certificate shall be issued in lieu thereof, unless there
shall first be furnished to DWTC an affidavit of loss or non-receipt by the
holder of Shares with respect to which a certificate has been lost or destroyed,
supported by an appropriate bond satisfactory to DWTC and the Fund issued by a
surety company satisfactory to DWTC, except that DWTC may accept an affidavit of
loss and indemnity agreement executed by the registered holder (or legal
representative) without surety in such form as DWTC deems appropriate
indemnifying DWTC and the Fund for the issuance of a replacement certificate, in
cases where the alleged loss is in the amount of $1000 or less.
12.3 In the event that any check or other order for payment of
money on the account of any Shareholder or new investor is returned unpaid for
any reason, DWTC will (a) give prompt notification to the Fund's distributor
("Distributor") (or to the Fund if the Fund acts as its own distributor) of such
non-payment; and (b) take such other action, including imposition of a
reasonable processing or handling fee, as DWTC
-19-
<PAGE>
may, in its sole discretion, deem appropriate or as the Fund and, if applicable,
the Distributor may instruct DWTC.
12.4 Any notice or other instrument authorized or required by
this Agreement to be given in writing to the Fund or to DWTC shall be
sufficiently given if addressed to that party and received by it at its office
set forth below or at such other place as it may from time to time designate in
writing.
To the Fund:
[Name of Fund]
Two World Trade Center
New York, New York 10048
Attention: General Counsel
To DWTC:
Dean Witter Trust Company
Harborside Financial Center
Plaza Two
Jersey City, New Jersey 07311
Attention: President
Article 13 MERGER OF AGREEMENT
13.1 This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the
partes hereto and supersedes any prior agreement with respect to the subject
matter hereof whether oral or written.
-20-
<PAGE>
Article 14 PERSONAL LIABILITY
14.1 In the case of a Fund organized as a Massachusetts
business trust, a copy of the Declaration of Trust of the Fund is on file
with the Secretary of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and notice is hereby
given that this instrument is executed on behalf of the Board of Trustees of
the Fund as Trustees and not individually and that the obligations of this
instrument are not binding upon any of the Trustees or shareholders
individually but are binding only upon the assets and property of the Fund;
provided, however, that the Declaration of Trust of the Fund provides that
the assets of a particular Series of the Fund shall under no circumstances be
charged with liabilities attributable to any other Series of the Fund and
that all persons extending credit to, or contracting with or having any claim
against, a particular Series of the Fund shall look only to the assets of
that particular Series for payment of such credit, contract or claim.
-21-
<PAGE>
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amended
and Restated Agreement to be executed in their names and on their behalf by and
through their duly authorized officers, as of the day and year first above
written.
(1) TCW/DW CORE EQUITY TRUST
(2) TCW/DW NORTH AMERICAN GOVERNMENT INCOME TRUST
(3) TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
(4) TCW/DW INCOME AND GROWTH FUND
(5) TCW/DW SMALL CAP GROWTH FUND
(6) TCW/DW BALANCED FUND
BY: /s/ Sheldon Curtis
------------------------------
Sheldon Curtis
Vice President and General Counsel
ATTEST:
/s/ Barry Fink
- ----------------------------
Barry Fink
Assistant Secretary
DEAN WITTER TRUST COMPANY
BY: /s/ Charles A. Fiumefreddo
--------------------------------
Charles A. Fiumefreddo
Chairman
ATTEST:
/s/ David A. Hughey
- --------------------------
David A. Hughey
Executive Vice President
-23-
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT A
---------
Dean Witter Trust Company
Harborside Financial Center
Plaza Two
Jersey City, NJ 07311
Gentlemen:
The undersigned, ( Name of Fund ) a (Massachusetts business
trust/Maryland Corporation) (the "Fund"), desires to employ and appoint Dean
Witter Trust Company ("DWTC") to act as transfer agent for each series and class
of shares of the Fund, whether now or hereafter authorized or issued ("Shares"),
dividend disbursing agent and shareholder servicing agent, registrar and agent
in connection with any accumulation, open account or similar plan provided
to the holders of Shares, including without limitation any periodic investment
plan or periodic withdrawal plan.
The Fund hereby agrees that, in consideration for the payment by the
Fund to DWTC of fees as set out in the fee schedule attached hereto as Schedule
A, DWTC shall provide such services to the Fund pursuant to the terms and
conditions set forth in the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement annexed
hereto, as if the Fund was a signatory thereto.
-24-
<PAGE>
Please indicate DWTC's acceptance of employment and appointment by the
Fund in the capacities set forth above by so indicating in the space provided
below.
Very truly yours,
[ Name of Fund ]
By: _________________________________
Sheldon Curtis
Vice President and General Counsel
ACCEPTED AND AGREED TO:
DEAN WITTER TRUST COMPANY
By:__________________________
Its:_________________________
Date:________________________
-25-
<PAGE>
SCHEDULE A
Fund: TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund
Fees: (1) Annual maintenance fee of $11.00 per shareholder account, payable
monthly.
(2) A fee equal to 1/12 of the fee set forth in (1) above, for
providing Forms 1099 for accounts closed during the year, payable
following the end of the calendar year.
(3) Out-of-pocket expenses in accordance with Section 2.2 of the
Agreement.
(4) Fees for additional services not set forth in this Agreement
shall be as negotiated between the parties.
<PAGE>
MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT
AGREEMENT made as of the 17th day of April, 1995 by and between TCW/DW
Latin American Growth Fund, an unincorporated business trust organized under the
laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts (hereinafter called the "Fund"), and
Dean Witter Services Company Inc., a Delaware corporation (hereinafter called
the "Manager");
WHEREAS, The Fund is engaged in business as an open-end management
investment company and is registered as such under the Investment Company Act of
1940, as amended (the "Act"); and
WHEREAS, The Fund desires to retain the Manager to render services in the
manner and on the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth; and
WHEREAS, The Manager desires to be retained to perform services on said
terms and conditions:
Now, Therefore, this Agreement
W I T N E S S E T H:
that in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants hereinafter
contained, the Fund and the Manager agree as follows:
1. The Fund hereby retains the Manager to act as manager of the Fund and,
subject to the supervision of the Trustees, to supervise the business affairs of
the Fund as hereinafter set forth. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, the Manager shall (i) manage the Fund's business affairs and
supervise the overall day-to-day operations of the Fund (other than rendering
investment advice); (ii) provide the Fund with full administrative services,
including the maintenance of certain books and records, such as journals, ledger
accounts and other records required under the Act, the notification to the
Fund's investment adviser of available funds for investment, the reconciliation
of account information and balances among the Fund's custodian, transfer agent
and dividend disbursing agent and the Fund's investment adviser, and the
calculation of the net asset value of the Fund's shares; (iii) provide the Fund
with the services of persons competent to perform such supervisory,
administrative and clerical functions as are necessary to provide effective
operation of the Fund; (iv) oversee the performance of administrative and
professional services rendered to the Fund by others, including its custodian,
transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent, as well as accounting, auditing
and other services; (v) provide the Fund with adequate general office space and
facilities; and (vi) oversee the preparation and the printing of the periodic
updating of the Fund's registration statement and prospectus and statement of
additional information, tax returns, proxy statements, and reports to its
shareholders and the Securities and Exchange Commission.
2. The Manager shall, at its own expense, maintain such staff and employ
or retain such personnel and consult with such other persons as it shall from
time to time determine to be necessary or useful to the performance of its
obligations under this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, the staff and personnel of the Manager shall be deemed to include
persons employed or otherwise retained by the Manager to furnish services,
statistical and other factual data, information with respect to technical and
scientific developments, and such other information, advice and assistance as
the Manager may desire. The Manager shall, as agent for the Fund, maintain the
Fund's records and books of account (other than those maintained by the Fund's
transfer agent, registrar, custodian and other agencies). All such books and
records so maintained shall be the property of the Fund and, upon request
therefor, the Manager shall surrender to the Fund such of the books and records
so requested.
3. The Fund will, from time to time, furnish or otherwise make available
to the Manager such financial reports, proxy statements and other information
relating to the business and affairs of the Fund as the Manager may reasonably
require in order to discharge its duties and obligations hereunder.
4. The Manager shall bear the cost of rendering the administrative
services to be performed by it under this Agreement, and shall, at its own
expense, pay the compensation of the Trustees, officers and employees, if any,
of the Fund who are also directors, officers or employees of the Manager, and
provide
1
<PAGE>
such office space, facilities and equipment and such clerical help and
bookkeeping services as the Fund shall reasonably require in the conduct of its
business. The Manager shall also bear the cost of telephone service, heat,
light, power and other utilities provided to the Fund.
5. The Fund assumes and shall pay or cause to be paid all other expenses
of the Fund (except expenses borne by the Fund's investment adviser pursuant to
an investment advisory agreement with the Fund), including without limitation:
fees pursuant to an investment advisory agreement into which the Fund may enter,
fees pursuant to any plan of distribution that the Fund may adopt; the charges
and expenses of any registrar, any custodian or depository appointed by the Fund
for the safekeeping of its cash, portfolio securities or commodities and other
property, and any stock transfer or dividend agent or agents appointed by the
Fund; brokers' commissions chargeable to the Fund in connection with portfolio
transactions to which the Fund is a party; all taxes, including securities or
commodities issuance and transfer taxes, and fees payable by the Fund to
federal, state or other governmental agencies; the cost and expense of engraving
or printing certificates representing shares of the Fund; all costs and expenses
in connection with the registration and maintenance of registration of the Fund
and its shares with the Securities and Exchange Commission and various states
and other jurisdictions (including filing fees and legal fees and disbursements
of counsel and the costs and expenses of preparing, printing, including
typesetting, and distributing prospectuses and statements of additional
information for such purposes); all expenses of shareholders' and Trustees'
meetings and of preparing, printing and mailing proxy statements and reports to
shareholders; fees and travel expenses of Trustees or members of any advisory
board or committee who are not employees of the Manager of the Fund's investment
adviser or any corporate affiliate of either of them; all expenses incident to
the payment of any dividend or distribution program; charges and expenses of any
outside service used for pricing of the Fund's shares; charges and expenses of
legal counsel, including counsel to the Trustees of the Fund who are not
interested persons (as defined in the Act) of the Fund or the Manager or the
Fund's investment adviser, and of independent accountants, in connection with
any matter relating to the Fund; membership dues of industry associations;
interest payable on Fund borrowings; postage; insurance premiums on property or
personnel (including officers and Trustees) of the Fund which insure to its
benefit; extraordinary expenses (including, but not limited to, legal claims and
liabilities and litigation costs and any indemnification related thereto); and
all other charges and costs of the Fund's operation unless otherwise explicitly
provided herein.
6. For the services to be rendered, the facilities furnished, and the
expenses assumed by the Manager, the Fund shall pay to the Manager monthly
compensation determined by applying the following annual rates to the Fund's
average daily net assets: 0.75% of daily net assets up to $500 million; and
0.72% of daily net assets over $500 million. Such calculation shall be made by
applying 1/365th of the annual rates to the Fund's net assets each day
determined as of the close of business on that day or the last previous business
day. If this Agreement becomes effective subsequent to the first day of a month
or shall terminate before the last day of a month, compensation for that part of
the month this Agreement is in effect shall be prorated in a manner consistent
with the calculation of the fees as set forth above.
7. In the event the operating expenses of the Fund, including amounts
payable to the Manager pursuant to paragraph 6 hereof, for any fiscal year
ending on a date on which this Agreement is in effect, exceed the expense
limitations applicable to the Fund imposed by state securities laws or
regulations thereunder, as such limitations may be raised or lowered from time
to time, the Manager shall reduce its management fee to the extent of 60% of
such excess and, if and to the extent required by law, pursuant to any such
laws or regulations, will reimburse the Fund for 60% of annual operating
expenses in excess of any expense limitation that may be applicable; provided,
however, there shall be excluded from such expenses the amount of any interest,
taxes, distribution fees, brokerage commissions and extraordinary expenses
(including but not limited to legal claims and liabilities and litigation costs
and any indemnification related thereto) paid or payable by the Fund. Such
reduction, if any, shall be computed and accrued weekly, shall be settled on a
monthly basis, and shall be based upon the expense limitation applicable to the
Fund as at the end of the last business day of the month. Should two or more
such expense limitations be applicable as at the end of the last full week of
the month, that expense limitation which results in the largest reduction in the
Manager's fee shall be applicable.
2
<PAGE>
For purposes of this provision, should any applicable expense limitation be
based upon the gross income of the Fund, such gross income shall include, but
not be limited to, interest on debt securities in the Fund's portfolio accrued
to and including the last day of the Fund's fiscal year, and dividends declared
on equity securities in the Fund's portfolio, the record dates for which fall on
or prior to the last day of such fiscal year, but shall not include gains from
the sale of securities.
8. The Manager will use its best efforts in the management of the Fund,
but in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or
reckless disregard of its obligations hereunder, the Manager shall not be liable
to the fund or any of its investors for any error of judgment or mistake of law
or for any act or omission by the Manager or for any losses sustained by the
Fund or its investors. The Manager shall be indemnified by the Fund as an agent
of the Fund in accordance with the terms of Section 4.8 of the Fund's By-laws.
9. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall prevent the Manager or any
affiliated person of the Manager from acting as manager for any other person,
firm or corporation. Nothing in this Agreement shall limit or restrict the right
of any Trustee, officer or employee of the Manager to engage in any other
business or to devote his or her time and attention in part to the management or
other aspects of any other business whether of a similar or dissimilar nature.
10. This Agreement shall remain in effect until April 30, 1995 and from
year to year thereafter provided such continuance is approved at least annually
by the Board of Trustees of the Fund; provided that such continuance is also
approved annually by a vote of a majority of the Trustees of the Fund who are
not parties to this Agreement of "interested persons" (as defined in the Act) of
any such party; provided, however, that the Fund, acting by majority vote of the
Trustees, or the Manager may, at any time and without the payment of any
penalty, terminate this Agreement upon thirty days' written notice to the other
party. Any notice under this Agreement shall be given in writing, addressed and
delivered, or mailed post-paid, to the other party at the principal office of
such party.
11. This Agreement may be amended or modified by the parties by a written
agreement executed by both parties and authorized or approved by a resolution of
the Board of Trustees of the Fund.
12. This Agreement may be assigned by either party with the written
consent of the other party.
13. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the
State of New York and the applicable provisions of the Act. To the extent the
applicable law of the State of New York, or any of the provisions herein,
conflicts with the applicable provisions of the Act, the latter shall control.
14. The Fund acknowledges that the Manager owns its own name, initials and
logo. The Fund agrees to change its name at the request of the Manager if this
Agreement is terminated for any reason.
15. The Declaration of Trust establishing TCW/DW Latin American Growth
Fund, dated February 25, 1992, a copy of which, together with all amendments
thereto (the "Declaration"), is on file in the office of the Secretary of the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, provides that the name TCW/DW Latin American
Growth Fund refers to the Trustees under the Declaration collectively as
Trustees, but not as individuals or personally; and no Trustee, shareholder,
officer, employee or agent of TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund shall be held to
any personal liability, nor shall resort be had to their private property for
the satisfaction of any obligation or claim or otherwise, in connection with the
affairs of said TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund, but the Trust Estate only
shall be liable.
3
<PAGE>
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed and delivered this
Agreement on the day and year first above written in New York, New York.
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
By_____________________________________
Attest:
______________________
DEAN WITTER SERVICES COMPANY INC.
By______________________________________
Attest:
______________________
4
<PAGE>
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
We hereby consent to the use in the Statement of Additional Information
constituting part of this Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to the registration
statement on Form N-1A (the "Registration Statement") of our report dated
March 13, 1996, relating to the financial statements and financial highlights
of TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund, which appears in such Statement of
Additional Information, and to the incorporation by reference of our report
into the Prospectus which constitutes part of this Registration Statement. We
also consent to the references to us under the headings "Experts" and
"Independent Accountants" in such Statement of Additional Information and to
the reference to us under the heading "Financial Highlights" in such
Prospectus.
/s/ Price Waterhouse LLP
PRICE WATERHOUSE LLP
1177 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10036
March 13, 1996
<PAGE>
AMENDED AND RESTATED PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION PURSUANT TO RULE 12b-1
OF
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
WHEREAS, TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund (the "Fund") is engaged in
business as an open-end management investment company and is registered as such
under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "Act"); and
WHEREAS, on April 28, 1993, the Fund most recently amended and restated a
Plan of Distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Act which had initially
been adopted on October 30, 1992, and the Trustees then determined that there
was a reasonable likelihood that adoption of the Plan of Distribution, as then
amended and restated, would benefit the Fund and its shareholders; and
WHEREAS, the Trustees believe that continuation of said Plan of
Distribution, as amended and restated herein, is reasonably likely to continue
to benefit the Fund and its shareholders; and
WHEREAS, on October 30, 1992, the Fund and Dean Witter Reynolds Inc. ("DWR")
entered into a Distribution Agreement pursuant to which the Fund employed DWR as
distributor of the Fund's shares; and
WHEREAS, on January 4, 1993 the Fund and DWR substituted Dean Witter
Distributors Inc. (the "Distributor") in the place of DWR as distributor of the
Fund's shares; and
WHEREAS, the Fund, DWR and the Distributor intend that DWR will continue to
promote the sale of Fund shares and provide personal services to Fund
shareholders with respect to their holdings of Fund shares; and
WHEREAS, the Fund and the Distributor entered into a separate Distribution
Agreement dated as of June 30, 1993, pursuant to which the Fund has employed the
Distributor in such capacity during the continuous offering of shares of the
Fund.
NOW, THEREFORE, the Fund hereby amends the Plan of Distribution previously
adopted and amended and restated, and the Distributor hereby agrees to the terms
of said Plan of Distribution (the "Plan"), as amended herein, in accordance with
Rule 12b-1 under the Act on the following terms and conditions:
1. The Fund shall pay to the Distributor, as the distributor of securities
of which the Fund is the issuer, compensation for distribution of its shares
at the rate of the lesser of (i) 1.0% per annum of the average daily aggregate
sales of the shares of the Fund since its inception (not including reinvestment
of dividends and capital gains distributions from the Fund) less the average
daily aggregate net asset value of the shares of the Fund redeemed since the
Fund's inception upon which a contingent deferred sales charge has been imposed
or upon which such charge has been waived, or (ii) 1.0% per annum of the Fund's
average daily net assets. Such compensation shall be calculated and accrued
daily and paid monthly or at such other intervals as the Trustees shall
determine. The Distributor may direct that all or any part of the amounts
receivable by it under this Plan be paid directly to DWR, its affiliates or
other broker-dealers who provide distribution and shareholder services. All
payments made hereunder pursuant to the Plan shall be in accordance with the
terms and limitations of the Rules of Fair Practice of the National Association
of Securities Dealers, Inc.
2. The amount set forth in paragraph 1 of this Plan shall be paid for
services of the Distributor, DWR, its affiliates and other broker-dealers it
may select in connection with the distribution of the Fund's shares,
including personal services to shareholders with respect to their holdings of
Fund shares, and may be spent by the Distributor, DWR, its affiliates and such
broker-dealers on any activities or expenses related to the distribution of the
Fund's shares or services to shareholders, including, but not limited to:
compensation to, and expenses of, account executives or other employees of the
Distributor, DWR, its affiliates or other broker-dealers; overhead and other
branch office distribution-related expenses and telephone expenses of persons
who engage in or support distribution of shares or who provide personal services
to shareholders; printing of prospectuses and reports for other than existing
shareholders; preparation, printing and distribution of sales literature and
advertising materials and opportunity costs in incurring the foregoing expenses
(which may be calculated as a carrying charge on the excess of the distribution
expenses incurred by the Distributor, DWR, its affiliates or other
broker-dealers over distribution revenues received by them, such excess being
hereinafter referred to as "carryover expenses"). The overhead and other branch
office distribution-related expenses referred to in this paragraph 2 may
include: (a) the expenses of operating the branch offices of the Distributor or
other broker-dealers, including DWR, in connection
1
<PAGE>
with the sale of Fund shares, including lease costs, the salaries and employee
benefits of operations and sales support personnel, utility costs,
communications costs and the costs of stationery and supplies; (b) the costs of
client sales seminars; (c) travel expenses of mutual fund sales coordinators to
promote the sale of Fund shares; and (d) other expenses relating to branch
promotion of Fund sales. Payments may also be made with respect to distribution
expenses incurred in connection with the distribution of shares, including
personal services to shareholders with respect to holdings of such shares, of an
investment company whose assets are acquired by the Fund in a tax-free
reorganization, provided that carryover expenses as a percentage of Fund assets
will not be materially increased thereby.
3. This Plan, as amended and restated, shall not take effect until it has
been approved, together with any related agreements, by votes of a majority of
the Board of Trustees of the Fund and of the Trustees who are not "interested
persons" of the Fund (as defined in the Act) and have no direct or indirect
financial interest in the operation of this Plan or any agreements related
to it (the "Rule 12b-1 Trustees"), cast in person at a meeting (or meetings)
called for the purpose of voting on this Plan and such related agreements.
4. This Plan shall continue in effect until April 30, 1996, and from year to
year thereafter, provided such continuance is specifically approved at least
annually in the manner provided for approval of this Plan in paragraph 3 hereof.
5. The Distributor shall provide to the Trustees of the Fund and the
Trustees shall review, at least quarterly, a written report of the
amounts so expended and the purposes for which such expenditures were made. In
this regard, the Trustees shall request the Distributor to specify such items of
expenses as the Trustees deem appropriate. The Trustees shall consider such
items as they deem relevant in making the determinations required by paragraph 4
hereof.
6. This Plan may be terminated at any time by vote of a majority of the Rule
12b-1 Trustees, or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities
of the Fund. In the event of any such termination or in the event of nonrenewal,
the Fund shall have no obligation to pay expenses which have been incurred by
the Distributor, DWR, its affiliates or other broker-dealers in excess of
payments made by the Fund pursuant to this Plan. However, this shall not
preclude consideration by the Trustees of the manner in which such excess
expenses shall be treated.
7. This Plan may not be amended to increase materially the amount the Fund
may spend for distribution provided in paragraph 1 hereof unless such amendment
is approved by a vote of at least a majority (as defined in the Act) of the
outstanding voting securities of the Fund, and no material amendment to the Plan
shall be made unless approved in the manner provided for approval in paragraph
3 hereof.
8. While this Plan is in effect, the selection and nomination of Trustees
who are not interested persons (as defined in the Act) of the Fund shall be
committed to the discretion of the Trustees who are not interested persons.
9. The Fund shall preserve copies of this Plan and any related agreements
and all reports made pursuant to paragraph 5 hereof, for a period of not less
than six years from the date of this Plan, any such agreement or any such
report, as the case may be, the first two years in an easily accessible place.
10.The Declaration of Trust establishing TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund,
dated February 25, 1992, a copy of which, together with all amendments thereto
(the "Declaration"), is on file in the office of the Secretary of the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, provides that the name TCW/DW Latin American
Growth Fund refers to the Trustees under the Declaration collectively as
Trustees but not as individuals or personally; and no Trustee, shareholder,
officer, employee or agent of TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund shall be held to
any personal liability, nor shall resort be had to their private property for
the satisfaction of any obligation or claim or otherwise, in connection with the
affairs of said TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund, but the Trust Estate only
shall be liable.
2
<PAGE>
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Fund, the Distributor and DWR have executed this
amended and restated Plan of Distribution as of the day and year set forth below
in New York, New York.
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Date: October 30, 1992 TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
As amended on January 4, 1993,
April 28, 1993 and October 26, 1995
By
..........................................
Attest:
..........................................
DEAN WITTER DISTRIBUTORS INC.
By
..........................................
Attest:
..........................................
DEAN WITTER REYNOLDS INC.
By
..........................................
Attest:
..........................................
</TABLE>
3
<PAGE>
SCHEDULE FOR COMPUTATIONS OF PERFORMANCE QUOTATIONS
TCW/DW LATIN AMERICAN GROWTH FUND
(A) AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS (I.E. STANDARDIZED COMPUTATIONS)
_ _
| ______________________ |
FORMULA: | | |
| /\ n | ERV |
T = | \ | ------------- | - 1
| \ | P |
| \| |
|_ _|
T = AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURN
n = NUMBER OF YEARS
ERV = ENDING REDEEMABLE VALUE
P = INITIAL INVESTMENT
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(A)
$1,000 ERV AS OF AGGREGATE NUMBER OF AVERAGE ANNUAL
INVESTED - P 31-Jan-96 TOTAL RETURN YEARS - n TOTAL RETURN - T
- ------------------- ------------- ------------------------------- ----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
31-Jan-95 $963.90 -3.61% 1.00 -3.61%
30-Dec-92 $965.70 -3.43% 3.09 -1.12%
</TABLE>
(B) AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURNS WITHOUT DEDUCTION FOR APPLICABLE
SALES CHARGE (NON STANDARD COMPUTATIONS)
(C) TOTAL RETURN WITHOUT DEDUCTION FOR APPLICABLE SALES CHARGE
(NON STANDARD COMPUTATIONS)
_ _
| ______________________ |
FORMULA: | | |
| /\ n | EV |
t = | \ | ------------- | - 1
| \ | P |
| \| |
|_ _|
EV
TR = ---------- - 1
P
t = AVERAGE ANNUAL TOTAL RETURN
(NO DEDUCTION FOR APPLICABLE SALES CHARGE)
n = NUMBER OF YEARS
EV = ENDING VALUE (NO DEDUCTION FOR APPLICABLE SALES CHARGE)
P = INITIAL INVESTMENT
TR = TOTAL RETURN (NO DEDUCTION FOR APPLICABLE SALES CHARGE)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(C) (B)
$1,000 EV AS OF TOTAL NUMBER OF AVERAGE ANNUAL
INVESTED - P 31-Jan-96 RETURN - TR YEARS - n TOTAL RETURN - t
- ------------------- ------------- ------------------- ----------------- ------ ------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
31-Jan-95 $1,013.90 1.39% 1.00 1.39%
30-Dec-92 $984.70 -1.53% 3.09 -0.50%
</TABLE>
(D) GROWTH OF $10,000
(E) GROWTH OF $50,000
(F) GROWTH OF $100,000
FORMULA: G= (TR+1)*P
G= GROWTH OF INITIAL INVESTMENT
P= INITIAL INVESTMENT
TR= TOTAL RETURN SINCE INCEPTION
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
$10,000 TOTAL (D) GROWTH OF (E) GROWTH OF (F) GROWTH OF
INVESTED - P RETURN - TR $10,000 INVESTMENT - G $50,000 INVESTMENT - G $100,000 INVESTMENT - G
- --------------------- ----------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
30-Dec-92 -1.53 $9,847 $49,235 $98,470
</TABLE>
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<PAGE>
<ARTICLE> 6
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> YEAR
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> JAN-31-1996
<PERIOD-END> JAN-31-1996
<INVESTMENTS-AT-COST> 247,336,708
<INVESTMENTS-AT-VALUE> 256,361,594
<RECEIVABLES> 851,205
<ASSETS-OTHER> 4,935,497
<OTHER-ITEMS-ASSETS> 133,945
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 262,282,241
<PAYABLE-FOR-SECURITIES> 102,952
<SENIOR-LONG-TERM-DEBT> 0
<OTHER-ITEMS-LIABILITIES> 1,113,433
<TOTAL-LIABILITIES> 1,216,385
<SENIOR-EQUITY> 0
<PAID-IN-CAPITAL-COMMON> 368,448,889
<SHARES-COMMON-STOCK> 27,546,662
<SHARES-COMMON-PRIOR> 31,531,488
<ACCUMULATED-NII-CURRENT> (894,899)
<OVERDISTRIBUTION-NII> 0
<ACCUMULATED-NET-GAINS> (115,510,258)
<OVERDISTRIBUTION-GAINS> 0
<ACCUM-APPREC-OR-DEPREC> 9,022,124
<NET-ASSETS> 261,065,856
<DIVIDEND-INCOME> 5,525,949
<INTEREST-INCOME> 592,392
<OTHER-INCOME> 0
<EXPENSES-NET> 7,682,759
<NET-INVESTMENT-INCOME> (1,564,418)
<REALIZED-GAINS-CURRENT> (68,233,853)
<APPREC-INCREASE-CURRENT> 68,526,655
<NET-CHANGE-FROM-OPS> (1,271,616)
<EQUALIZATION> 0
<DISTRIBUTIONS-OF-INCOME> 0
<DISTRIBUTIONS-OF-GAINS> 0
<DISTRIBUTIONS-OTHER> 0
<NUMBER-OF-SHARES-SOLD> 7,422,903
<NUMBER-OF-SHARES-REDEEMED> 11,407,729
<SHARES-REINVESTED> 0
<NET-CHANGE-IN-ASSETS> (33,708,198)
<ACCUMULATED-NII-PRIOR> 0
<ACCUMULATED-GAINS-PRIOR> (48,626,070)
<OVERDISTRIB-NII-PRIOR> 0
<OVERDIST-NET-GAINS-PRIOR> 0
<GROSS-ADVISORY-FEES> 3,225,343
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 0
<GROSS-EXPENSE> 7,682,759
<AVERAGE-NET-ASSETS> 258,027,436
<PER-SHARE-NAV-BEGIN> 9.35
<PER-SHARE-NII> (0.06)
<PER-SHARE-GAIN-APPREC> 0.19
<PER-SHARE-DIVIDEND> 0
<PER-SHARE-DISTRIBUTIONS> 0
<RETURNS-OF-CAPITAL> 0
<PER-SHARE-NAV-END> 9.48
<EXPENSE-RATIO> 2.98
<AVG-DEBT-OUTSTANDING> 0
<AVG-DEBT-PER-SHARE> 0
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that John L. Schroeder whose signature
appears below, constitutes and appoints David M. Butowsky, Ronald Feiman
and Stuart Strauss, or any of them, his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and
agents, with full power of substitution among himself and each of the persons
appointed herein, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all
capacities, to sign any amendments to any registration statement of any of the
TCW/DW Funds set forth on Schedule A attached hereto, and to file the same, with
all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the
Securities and Exchange Commission, as fully to all intents and purposes as he
might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said
attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, may lawfully do or cause to be
done by virtue hereof.
Dated: April 20, 1995
/s/ John L. Schroeder
- --------------------------
John L. Schroeder
<PAGE>
SCHEDULE A
TCW/DW FUNDS
Open-End Funds
1. TCW/DW Core Equity Trust
2. TCW/DW North American Government Income Trust
3. TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund
4. TCW/DW Income and Growth Fund
5. TCW/DW Small Cap Growth Fund
6. TCW/DW Balanced Fund
7. TCW/DW North American Intermediate Income Trust
8. TCW/DW Total Return Trust
9. TCW/DW Global Convertible Trust
Closed-End Funds
10. TCW/DW Term Trust 2000
11. TCW/DW Term Trust 2002
12. TCW/DW Term Trust 2003
13. TCW/DW Emerging Markets Opportunities Trust
<PAGE>
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that Marc I. Stern whose signature
appears below, constitutes and appoints Sheldon Curtis, Marilyn K. Cranney and
Barry Fink, or any of them, his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and
agents, with full power of substitution among himself and each of the persons
appointed herein, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all
capacities, to sign any amendments to any registration statement of any of the
TCW/DW funds set forth on Schedule A attached hereto, and to file the same, with
all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the
Securities and Exchange Commission, as fully to all intents and purposes as he
might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said
attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, may lawfully do or cause to be
done by virtue hereof.
Dated: April 20, 1995
/s/ Marc I. Stern
- --------------------------
Marc I. Stern
<PAGE>
SCHEDULE A
TCW/DW FUNDS
Open-End Funds
1. TCW/DW Core Equity Trust
2. TCW/DW North American Government Income Trust
3. TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund
4. TCW/DW Income and Growth Fund
5. TCW/DW Small Cap Growth Fund
6. TCW/DW Balanced Fund
7. TCW/DW North American Intermediate Income Trust
8. TCW/DW Total Return Trust
9. TCW/DW Global Convertible Trust
Closed-End Funds
10. TCW/DW Term Trust 2000
11. TCW/DW Term Trust 2002
12. TCW/DW Term Trust 2003
13. TCW/DW Emerging Markets Opportunities Trust
<PAGE>
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each of Robert A. Day, Richard M.
DeMartini, Charles A. Fiumefreddo and Thomas E. Larkin, Jr., whose signatures
appear below, constitutes and appoints Sheldon Curtis, Marilyn K. Cranney and
Barry Fink, or any of them, his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and
agents, with full power of substitution among himself and each of the persons
appointed herein, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all
capacities, to sign any amendments to any registration statement of any of the
TCW/DW Funds set forth on Schedule A attached hereto, and to file the same, with
all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the
Securities and Exchange Commission, as fully to all intents and purposes as he
might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said
attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, may lawfully do or cause to be
done by virtue hereof.
Dated: May 10, 1994
/s/ Robert A. Day
- ---------------------------
Robert A. Day
/s/ Richard M. DeMartini
- ---------------------------
Richard M. DeMartini
/s/ Charles A. Fiumefreddo
- ---------------------------
Charles A. Fiumefreddo
/s/ Thomas E. Larkin, Jr.
- ---------------------------
Thomas E. Larkin, Jr.
<PAGE>
SCHEDULE A
TCW/DW FUNDS
at December 31, 1993
Open-End Funds
1. TCW/DW Core Equity Trust
2. TCW/DW North American Government Income Trust
3. TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund
4. TCW/DW Income and Growth Fund
5. TCW/DW Small Cap Growth Fund
6. TCW/DW Balanced Fund
7. TCW/DW North American Intermediate Income Trust
Closed-End Funds
8. TCW/DW Term Trust 2000
9. TCW/DW Term Trust 2002
10. TCW/DW Term Trust 2003
<PAGE>
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each of John C. Argue, John R. Haire,
Manuel H. Johnson, Paul Kolton, Michael E. Nugent and David S. Tappan, Jr.,
whose signatures appear below, constitutes and appoints David M. Butowsky,
Ronald Feiman and Stuart Strauss, or any of them, his true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution among himself
and each of the persons appointed herein, for him and in his name, place and
stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to any registration
statement of any of the TCW/DW Funds set forth on Schedule A attached hereto,
and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in
connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as fully to
all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying
and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, may
lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Dated: May 10, 1994
/s/ John C. Argue /s/ John R. Haire
- -------------------------- -----------------------------
John C. Argue John R. Haire
/s/ Manuel H. Johnson /s/ Paul Kolton
- -------------------------- -----------------------------
Manuel H. Johnson Paul Kolton
/s/ Michael E. Nugent /s/ David S. Tappan, Jr.
- -------------------------- -----------------------------
Michael E. Nugent David S. Tappan, Jr.
<PAGE>
SCHEDULE A
TCW/DW FUNDS
at December 31, 1993
Open-End Funds
1. TCW/DW Core Equity Trust
2. TCW/DW North American Government Income Trust
3. TCW/DW Latin American Growth Fund
4. TCW/DW Income and Growth Fund
5. TCW/DW Small Cap Growth Fund
6. TCW/DW Balanced Fund
7. TCW/DW North American Intermediate Income Trust
Closed-End Funds
8. TCW/DW Term Trust 2000
9. TCW/DW Term Trust 2002
10. TCW/DW Term Trust 2003
