HUNGARIAN TELEPHONE & CABLE CORP
8-K, 1998-10-21
COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES, NEC
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                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

                             Washington, D.C. 20549


                                    FORM 8-K

                                 Current Report
                     Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
                         Securities Exchange Act of 1934


                               September 30, 1998
                Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported)

                       Hungarian Telephone and Cable Corp.
               (Exact name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

         Delaware                 1-11484                13-3652685
(State or Other Jurisdiction      (Commission            (IRS Employer
      of Incorporation)           File Number            Identification No.)

             100 First Stamford Place, Suite 204, Stamford, CT 06902
          (Address of principal executive offices including zip code)

                                 (203) 348-9069
              (Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

                                 Not applicable
             (Former name or address, if changed since last report)


<PAGE>


                                       -2-

                    INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN THE REPORT

Item 5.  Other Events

         As announced on  September  11, 1998 and October 2, 1998 (see  Exhibits
99.1 and 99.2 attached hereto)  Hungarian  Telephone and Cable Corp., a Delaware
corporation (AMEX: HTC - the "Registrant"), entered into certain agreements with
each of CU CapitalCorp and Citizens  International  Management Services Company;
each of  which  is a  wholly-owned  subsidiary  of  Citizens  Utilities  Company
(Citizens Utilities Company and its subsidiaries are hereinafter  referred to as
"Citizens")  pursuant to which the  Registrant  settled its  disagreements  with
Citizens  regarding certain issues with respect to (i) 2.1 million shares of the
Registrant's  common stock subject to Citizens'  accrued  preemptive  rights and
(ii) the Registrant's  Management  Services  Agreement with Citizens dated as of
May 31, 1995, as amended (the "Management Services Agreement").

         HTCC and Citizens  entered into a Certain  Replacement  and Termination
Agreement  dated as of September 30, 1998 (the  "Replacement  Agreement")  which
provides for, among other things,  (i) the  termination of the Master  Agreement
dated as of May 31, 1995 between the Registrant and Citizens;  (ii) the issuance
by the Registrant to Citizens of 100,000 shares of the Registrant's common stock
and a promissory  note in the  principal  amount of  $8,374,498  (the "Note") in
settlement of $9.6 million accrued fees and expenses due and payable to Citizens
under the Management Services Agreement; (iii) the termination of the Management
Services Agreement; (iv) payments by the Registrant to Citizens in the aggregate
amount of  $21,000,000  payable in 28 quarterly  installments  of each year from
2004 through and including 2010 in part as consideration for Citizens' agreement
to terminate the Management  Services Agreement and in part as consideration for
certain  consulting  services to be provided by Citizens to the Registrant  from
2004 through and including  2010; (v) the grant by the Registrant to Citizens of
certain  preemptive rights in connection with any public or private issuances by
the Registrant of shares of its common stock to purchase within 30 days for cash
such number of shares of the  Registrant's  common stock  sufficient to maintain
Citizens' then existing percentage ownership interest of the Registrant's common
stock on a fully diluted basis;  and (vi) the right of one Citizens  designee to
the  Registrant's  Board of Directors to be  renominated  for  reelection to the
Registrant's  Board of Directors  for so long as Citizens  owns at least 300,000
shares of the Registrant's common stock.

         The  principal on the Note is payable in full on September 15, 2004 and
bears  interest at a varying  rate per annum which is 2-1/2% per annum above the
one-year  Libor rate with  monthly  adjustments  in such varying  rate.  Accrued
interest shall be payable annually.



<PAGE>


                                       -3-

         The Registrant and Citizens also entered into an Amended,  Restated and
Consolidated  Stock  Option  Agreement  dated  as of  September  30,  1998  (the
"Restated  Stock Option  Agreement")  pursuant to which the  Registrant  granted
Citizens an option to purchase 2,110,896 shares of the Registrant's common stock
at a price of  $13.00  per  share  with an  expiration  date of July 1,  1999 in
settlement of Citizens'  accrued  preemptive  rights.  The Restated Stock Option
agreement also  acknowledged  Citizens  existing  options to date to purchase an
aggregate  of  4,511,322  shares of the  Registrant's  common  stock at exercise
prices  ranging  from  $12.75 to $18.00  per share  with an  expiration  date of
September 12, 2000. In the  aggregate,  Citizens  presently  owns  approximately
18.6% of the Registrant's outstanding common stock and 59.2% of the Registrant's
common stock on a fully diluted basis.

         The summary information  regarding the transactions and the Replacement
Agreement,  Note and the Restated  Stock  Option  Agreement  discussed  above is
qualified in its entirety by reference to the  Replacement  Agreement,  Note and
the Restated  Stock  Option  Agreement,  which are  attached  hereto as Exhibits
10.69,  10.70 and 10.71,  respectively,  and are  incorporated by reference into
this response to Item 5.


Item 7.  Financial Statements, Pro Forma Financial Information and Exhibits

         (a), (b) - Not applicable.

         (c)        Exhibits.

                    10.69  Replacement  and Termination  Agreement,  dated as of
                    September  30,  1998,  between the  Registrant  and Citizens
                    International    Management    Services   Company   and   CU
                    CapitalCorp.

                    10.70  Form of Promissory  Note  dated September 30, 1998 
                    issued by the  Registrant payable  to Citizens International
                    Management Services Company.

                    10.71  Amended,   Restated  and  Consolidated  Stock  Option
                    Agreement  dated  as of  September  30,  1998,  between  the
                    Registrant and CU CapitalCorp.

                    99.1   Press Release issued  by  the Registrant on September
                    11, 1998.

                    99.2   Press Release issued  by the Registrant on October 2,
                    1998.



<PAGE>


                                       -4-

                                   SIGNATURES

         Pursuant to the  requirements  of the Securities  Exchange Act of 1934,
the  Registrant  has duly  caused  this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

                                        HUNGARIAN TELEPHONE AND CABLE CORP.
                                        100 First Stamford Place, Suite 204
                                        Stamford, CT  06902
                                        (Registrant)


                                        By: /s/Peter T. Noone
                                        -------------------------
                                            Peter T. Noone
                                            General Counsel and Secretary

Dated: October 21, 1998
Stamford, CT


<PAGE>


                                INDEX TO EXHIBITS

Exhibit No.   Description
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10.69         Replacement  and  Termination Agreement, dated as of September 30,
              1998, between the Registrant and Citizens International Management
              Services Company and CU CapitalCorp.

10.70         Form  of  Promissory  Note  dated  September  30,  1998 issued the
              Registrant payable  to  Citizens International Management Services
              Company.

10.71         Amended, Restated and Consolidated Stock Option Agreement dated as
              of September 30, 1998, between the Registrant and CU CapitalCorp.

99.1          Press Release issued by the Registrant on September 11, 1998.

99.2          Press Release issued by the Registrant on October 2, 1998.




                                                                   Exhibit 10.69

                      REPLACEMENT AND TERMINATION AGREEMENT

         THIS REPLACEMENT AND TERMINATION AGREEMENT is dated as of September 30,
1998, by and among Hungarian  Telephone and Cable Corp., a Delaware  corporation
("HTCC"),   Citizens  International  Management  Services  Company,  a  Delaware
corporation ("CIMS"), and CU CapitalCorp., a Delaware corporation ("CUCC").

                              W I T N E S S E T H :

         WHEREAS,  HTCC and CUCC are  parties  to that certain  Master Agreement
dated as of May 31,  1995  (the "Master Agreement");

         WHEREAS,  HTCC and CIMS are parties to that certain Management Services
Agreement  dated as of May 31,  1995,  as  amended  by the  First  Amendment  to
Management  Services  Agreement  dated as of  September  28, 1995 and the Second
Amendment to  Management  Services  Agreement  dated as of February 26, 1996 (as
amended, the "Management Services Agreement");

         WHEREAS,  HTCC and CUCC desire to terminate  the Master  Agreement  and
enter into certain replacement agreements as set forth herein; and

         WHEREAS,  HTCC and CIMS desire to  terminate  the  Management  Services
Agreement and enter into certain replacement agreements as set forth herein.

         NOW,  THEREFORE,  for  and in  consideration  of the  mutual  promises,
representations and warranties herein contained, and for other good and valuable
consideration the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged,  the
parties hereto agree as follows:

                                    ARTICLE I

                  TERMINATION OF MANAGEMENT SERVICES AGREEMENT

         1.1. Termination. For the consideration described in Section 1.2 below,
CIMS hereby agrees to  terminate,  and by their  execution  hereof CIMS and HTCC
hereby terminate,  the Management Services  Agreement,  effective as of the date
hereof.

         1.2.     Consideration.

                  (a)  Delivery  of  Common  Stock.  Contemporaneously  with the
execution  hereof,  HTCC has issued and  delivered to CIMS  100,000  shares (the
"Shares") of common stock, par value $.001 per share ("Common  Stock"),  of HTCC
in final  settlement  and payment of $1,200,000 of accrued fees and expenses due
and payable to CIMS under the Management Services Agreement.


<PAGE>



                  (b) Delivery of Promissory  Note.  Contemporaneously  with the
execution hereof, HTCC has issued and delivered to CIMS a promissory note in the
form  attached  hereto as Exhibit A in the principal  amount of $8,374,498  (the
"Note"),  evidencing  HTCC's  obligation  to pay such amount of accrued fees and
expenses due and payable to CIMS under the Management Services Agreement.

                  (c)  Additional  Payments  to  CIMS;   Additional   Consulting
Services.  In part  as  consideration  for  CIMS'  agreement  to  terminate  the
Management  Services  Agreement and in part as consideration  for the consulting
services  described below in this Section  1.2(c),  HTCC promises to pay to CIMS
the aggregate  amount of Twenty-One  Million Dollars  ($21,000,000),  payable in
twenty-eight (28) quarterly installments of $750,000 each on January 1, April 1,
July 1 and October 1 of each year from 2004 through and including 2010, with the
first   installment  due  and  payable  on  January  1,  2004  (the  "Additional
Payments").  For each  calendar  year in which HTCC is  required  to make and is
making the  Additional  Payments,  CIMS,  at the written  request of HTCC,  will
provide HTCC up to three hundred (300) hours of consulting  services during such
calendar  year.  Such   consulting   services  may  relate  only  to  strategic,
operational or business planning and advice and counsel regarding  financing and
budgeting.  HTCC shall  reimburse  CIMS for  reasonable  travel  and  incidental
out-of-pocket  expenses  incurred  by CIMS or its  employees  in  providing  any
consulting services that may be requested by HTCC.

         1.3 Release and Waiver. HTCC and CIMS each hereby releases,  waives and
absolutely  discharges,  without  reservation  of any nature,  type or kind, the
other and its  officers,  directors,  servants,  agents,  attorneys,  employees,
consultants,  successors in interest,  affiliates and related  companies,  past,
present and future, from any and all claims, actions, causes of action, demands,
suits, debts,  accounts,  controversies,  damages,  costs (including  attorneys'
fees), losses, expenses, obligations,  agreements, promises, and all liabilities
whatsoever,  in each  case of every  nature,  type or kind  whatsoever,  whether
matured or  unmatured,  contingent or absolute,  known or unknown,  suspected or
unsuspected,  and whenever  arising or accruing,  under the Management  Services
Agreement.

                                   ARTICLE II

                       TERMINATION OF THE MASTER AGREEMENT

         2.1  Termination.  HTCC and CUCC hereby agree that the Master Agreement
shall  be  terminated,  and by their  execution  hereof  HTCC  and  CUCC  hereby
terminate the Master Agreement, effective as of the date hereof.

         2.2 Release and Waiver. HTCC and CUCC each hereby releases,  waives and
absolutely  discharges,  without  reservation  of any nature,  type or kind, the
other and its  officers,  directors,  servants,  agents,  attorneys,  employees,
consultants,  successors in interest,  affiliates and related  companies,  past,
present and future, from any and all claims, actions, causes of action, demands,
suits, debts,  accounts,  controversies,  damages,  costs (including  attorneys'
fees), losses, expenses, obligations,  agreements, promises, and all liabilities
whatsoever,  in each  case of every  nature,  type or kind  whatsoever,  whether
matured or  unmatured,  contingent or absolute,  known or unknown,  suspected or
unsuspected, and whenever arising or accruing, under the Master Agreement.

                                      -2-
<PAGE>


                                   ARTICLE III

            AMENDED, RESTATED AND CONSOLIDATED STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT

         Contemporaneously  with the execution  hereof,  HTCC and CUCC have duly
executed  and  delivered to each other the  Amended,  Restated and  Consolidated
Stock Option  Agreement in the form  attached  hereto as Exhibit B (the "Amended
and Restated Option Agreement").

                                   ARTICLE IV

                      CERTAIN ADDITIONAL COVENANTS OF HTCC

         For so long  as CUCC  and its  affiliates  collectively  hold at  least
300,000 shares of Common Stock, HTCC covenants to CUCC as follows:

         4.1 HTCC's Board Composition. CUCC and HTCC hereby acknowledge that one
person  nominated by CUCC currently  serves as CUCC's designee to the HTCC Board
of Directors.  CUCC's  designee,  or his  successor(s),  shall be entitled to be
re-nominated  for re-election to the HTCC Board of Directors for so long as CUCC
and its  affiliates  collectively  hold at least 300,000 shares of Common Stock.
HTCC also agrees,  unless CUCC  otherwise  consents in writing,  (a) to take all
actions as are necessary to cause the Board of Directors of HTCC to be comprised
of at least six (6)  members  for so long as CUCC has the right to  designate  a
person to serve on the HTCC Board of  Directors,  (b) not to create an executive
committee  of such Board,  and (c) not to permit  such Board to be divided  into
classes having staggered terms.

         4.2  Preemptive  Rights.  In  connection  with any  public  or  private
issuance of shares of Common Stock (an  "Issuance")  and provided CUCC continues
to own at  least  300,000  shares  of HTCC  Common  Stock  as of the date of the
Issuance, HTCC shall grant CUCC the right for a thirty (30) day period following
any such  Issuance  to  purchase  such  number of shares  of HTCC  Common  Stock
sufficient to maintain  CUCC's then existing  percentage  ownership  interest of
Common Stock on a fully diluted basis, with such percentage  ownership  interest
to be calculated immediately prior to the Issuance and with the number of shares
subject to such  purchase  right to be  calculated  after  giving  effect to the
Issuance.

         For purposes of this Section 4.2,  references  to CUCC's then  existing
percentage  ownership  interest of Common Stock on a fully  diluted  basis shall
include  shares of Common  Stock  issuable,  without  regard to the  exercise or
purchase price  therefor being higher,  lower or the same as then market prices,
(a) to CUCC or any of its affiliates upon exercise of the Options (as defined in
the  Amended  and  Restated Option Agreement) to the extent then exercisable and

                                      -3-
<PAGE>


         (b) to any other person upon  exercise of options and warrants or other
securities  convertible  into, or  exchangeable  or exercisable  for,  shares of
Common  Stock or other  securities  of HTCC  outstanding  on the date  hereof or
hereinafter issued or granted.

         The above  rights  shall exist with  respect to shares of Common  Stock
originally authorized,  shares of Common Stock hereafter authorized, or treasury
shares,  but shall not exist with  respect to shares of Common  Stock  issued to
Tele Danmark A/S ("Tele  Danmark") upon exercise of its  preemptive  rights with
respect to the  Issuance,  if and to the  extent  that Tele  Danmark  shall have
irrevocably  waived its preemptive rights with respect to shares of Common Stock
issued in  connection  with the  exercise  by CUCC and its  affiliates  of their
preemptive rights under this Section 4.2. Provided that Tele Danmark irrevocably
waives its preemptive  rights in connection  with the following  Issuances,  the
above rights also shall not exist with respect to the following Issuances:

                  (i)  Shares of Common Stock issued on exercise of the  Options
(as defined in the Amended and Restated Option Agreement);

                  (ii) Options  issued by HTCC  pursuant to its  Employee  Stock
Option Plan and its  Director  Stock  Option  Plan,  and shares of Common  Stock
issued in connection with the exercise of such options, and the other options or
warrants  outstanding  on the date of this  Agreement and listed on Schedule 4.2
hereto;

                  (iii) Shares of Common Stock  offered to CUCC  pursuant to the
first paragraph of this Section 4.2 which are not purchased by CUCC; and

                  (iv) Shares of Common Stock issued to effect a duly authorized
(x)  merger  or  consolidation,   (y)  acquisition  of  the  shares  of  another
corporation,  or (z) plan of  reorganization;  provided  that the HTCC  Board of
Directors  that duly  authorized  and approved such issuance was  constituted as
required by Section 4.1.

         Each  holder of Common  Stock,  Options  (as defined in the Amended and
Restated Option Agreement) or other securities convertible into, or exchangeable
or  exercisable  for,  shares of Common Stock that is an affiliate of CUCC shall
have the  rights  set forth in this  Section  4.2 as if CUCC held the  shares of
Common Stock or the shares of Common Stock then issuable on conversion, exchange
or exercise of the  Options  (as  defined in the  Amended  and  Restated  Option
Agreement)  and any  other  securities  convertible  into,  or  exchangeable  or
exercisable into, shares of Common Stock then held by such holder.

         CUCC must  exercise such right within 30 days of such Issuance and must
pay the purchase price for such shares in cash (U.S. Dollars)  concurrently with
the exercise of such right;  provided that any individual  issuance of shares of
Common Stock by HTCC of less than 50,000 shares (a "50,000  Issuance")  shall be
aggregated  and CUCC's  preemptive  rights as to such  Issuance(s)  shall become
effective  at the earlier of (x) the date of any  aggregate  issuance by HTCC of

                                      -4-
<PAGE>

shares  of  Common  Stock  equal  to or  greater  than a  50,000  Issuance  (the
"Aggregate  Date") or (y) the day that is 30  calendar  days prior to the record
date for any meeting of shareholders of HTCC (the  "Pre-Record  Date").  On such
Aggregate  Date or Pre-Record  Date, as the case may be, CUCC shall have 30 days
from such date to  maintain  its  preemptive  right to  purchase  such number of
shares at such prices as it would have been  entitled to purchase on the date of
such  Issuance(s) as set forth in this Section 4.2. HTCC shall  promptly  notify
CUCC upon the occurrence of the Aggregate  Date or Pre-Record  Date, as the case
may be, and the amount of shares which CUCC shall have the right to purchase and
at what  price(s).  When  calculating  such number of shares,  the parties shall
assume that CUCC would have  exercised  all of its  preemptive  rights as to any
Issuance under a 50,000 Issuance.

         The  purchase  price per share for shares of Common  Stock  purchasable
pursuant  to Section  4.2 shall be the greater of (x) the cash paid per share in
the  Issuance,  (y) the value  assigned  per share in the Issuance in a non-cash
transaction,  or (z) the fair market value per share of HTCC Common Stock on the
date of issuance. The "fair market value" of a Common Stock means the average of
the high and low quoted sales price on the date in question  (or, if there is no
reported  sale on such date,  on the last  preceding  date on which any reported
sale occurred) of a share on the American Stock Exchange,  or, if the shares are
not listed or  admitted to trading on such  Exchange,  on the  principal  United
States  securities  exchange  registered  under the  Securities  Act of 1934, as
amended,  on which the shares as listed or admitted to trading, or if the shares
are not listed or admitted to trading on any such exchange, the mean between the
closing high bid and low asked  quotations  with respect to a share on such date
on the National  Association of Securities  Dealers,  Inc.  Automated  Quotation
System,  or any  similar  system  then in  use,  or if no  such  quotations  are
available,  the fair market  value on such date of a shares as the HTCC Board of
Directors shall  determine.  Customary  adjustments may be made in the number of
shares offered in order to eliminate fractional shares.

                                    ARTICLE V

                     REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF HTCC

         HTCC hereby represents and warrants to CUCC and CIMS as follows:

         5.1  Organization.  HTCC  is  a  corporation  duly  organized,  validly
existing  and in good  standing  under the laws of the State of Delaware  and is
duly  qualified as a foreign  corporation  in all  jurisdictions  in which it is
required to be so qualified.

         5.2  Capitalization.  The authorized  capital stock of HTCC consists of
25,000,000  shares of Common Stock,  of which  5,395,864  shares,  including the
Shares,  are issued and  outstanding,  and  7,473,915  shares are  reserved  for
issuance upon the exercise of currently outstanding rights, warrants and options
to purchase  shares of Common Stock and the conversion of currently  outstanding
securities  convertible  into shares of Common Stock,  including the Options (as
defined in the Amended and Restated  Option  Agreement).  All of the outstanding
shares of Common Stock,  including without limitation the Shares, have been duly
authorized,  validly  issued,  and are fully  paid and  nonassessable,  and were

                                      -5-

<PAGE>

issued in compliance  with all  applicable  federal and state  securities  laws.
Except as  disclosed  in  Schedule  4.2 or 5.2  hereto,  there  are no  existing
warrants,  options,  conversion  rights,  calls or  commitments of any character
pursuant to which HTCC is or may become  obligated  to issue or  repurchase  any
shares of  capital  stock or other  securities  other  than with  respect to the
Amended and Restated Option  Agreement.  Except CUCC, CIMS and Tele Danmark,  no
shareholder of HTCC has any pre-emptive right to acquire any securities of HTCC.
Since May 31, 1995, HTCC has repurchased none of its outstanding  capital stock.
Except as disclosed on Schedule 5.2,  there are no agreements or  understandings
with  respect to the voting,  sale,  transfer or  registration  of any shares of
capital stock of HTCC or any of its subsidiaries to which HTCC or any subsidiary
is a party other than in favor of CUCC and CIMS.

         5.3 Corporate Authority.  HTCC has all corporate authority necessary to
execute and  deliver  this  Agreement,  the Note,  and the Amended and  Restated
Option  Agreement (the "HTCC  Documents").  Prior to the date of this Agreement,
the  Board  of  Directors  of  HTCC   approved  the   execution  of   definitive
documentation  on terms as set forth in the HTCC Documents and the  arrangements
and  actions  contemplated  hereby and  thereby.  The  execution,  delivery  and
performance of the HTCC Documents and the arrangements and actions  contemplated
hereby and thereby  (including without limitation the issuance of the Shares and
the Note to CIMS and the issuance of the  Additional  Options (as defined in the
Amended  and  Restated  Option  Agreement)  to CUCC) have been duly and  validly
authorized  by all  necessary  corporate  action  on the part of HTCC.  The HTCC
Documents  are  the  valid  and  binding  obligations  of  HTCC  enforceable  in
accordance with their terms.

         5.4 No Violation.  The HTCC Documents and the  arrangements and actions
contemplated  hereby  and  thereby  do not  violate  any  provisions  of  HTCC's
corporate  charter or bylaws, or any contract,  agreement,  law or regulation to
which HTCC or any of its  properties is a party or subject,  and the same do not
require the consent or approval of any regulatory authority or governmental body
of the Republic of Hungary or of the United States of America or of any state or
subdivision thereof or of any other person that has not been obtained.

         5.5  Reliance  by CUCC and  CIMS.  The  foregoing  representations  and
warranties are made by HTCC with the knowledge and  understanding  that CUCC and
CIMS are placing complete reliance thereon and are thereby induced to enter into
this Agreement and the other agreements contemplated hereby, and to agree to the
arrangements and actions contemplated hereby and thereby.

                                   ARTICLE VI

                 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF CUCC AND CIMS

         CUCC and CIMS hereby  jointly and  severally  represent  and warrant to
HTCC as follows:

         6.1 Organization and Authority.  Each of CUCC and CIMS is a corporation
duly  organized,  validly  existing and in good  standing  under the laws of the
State of  Delaware,  with the power and  authority  to carry on the  business in
which it is engaged and to execute,  deliver and perform its  obligations  under
this  Agreement and the Amended and Restated  Option  Agreement  (the  "Citizens
Agreements"). The execution, delivery and performance of the Citizens Agreements
and the arrangements and actions  contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly
and validly  authorized by all necessary  corporate  action of CUCC and CIMS, as
applicable,  and are  the  valid  and  binding  obligations  of  CUCC  and  CIMS
enforceable in accordance with their terms.

                                      -6-

<PAGE>

         6.2 Purchase for Investment.  The Shares and the Additional Options (as
defined in the Amended and Restated Option Agreement) are being acquired by CIMS
and CUCC,  respectively,  for their own accounts for  investment  and not with a
view to, or for resale in connection  with, the distribution  thereof,  nor with
any intention of distributing  or selling any shares of Common Stock,  including
any shares of Common Stock that may be issued in accordance with the Amended and
Restated Option Agreement. If either CUCC or CIMS should in the future decide to
dispose of shares of Common Stock,  it understands  and agrees that it may do so
only in accordance  with Rule 144 under the  Securities  Act of 1933, as amended
(the  "Securities  Act"), or otherwise in compliance with the Securities Act, as
then in  effect.  If either  CUCC or CIMS  should  decide to dispose of any such
shares of Common Stock (other than shares which have been  registered  under the
Securities Act), it will, at its expense,  designate counsel  acceptable to HTCC
in connection with such disposition,  who shall provide an opinion to HTCC as to
whether the  proposed  sale or other  distribution  of any such shares of Common
Stock would require  registration under the Securities Act as then in effect. If
the  opinion of such  counsel is to the effect that the  proposed  sale or other
distribution does not require any registration  under the Securities Act as then
in  effect,  CUCC or CIMS  shall  be  entitled  to  effect  such  sale or  other
disposition.  If the opinion of such  counsel is to the effect that the proposed
sale or  other  disposition  requires  such  registration,  such  sale or  other
disposition  may not be made  unless  such  registration  is  duly  effected  in
accordance with the opinion of such counsel.

         6.3  Accredited  Investor.  Each of  CUCC  and  CIMS is an  "accredited
investor," as that term is defined in Regulation D promulgated by the Securities
and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") under the Securities Act.

         6.4  No Violations.  The Citizens  Agreements and the  arrangements and
actions contemplated under each do not violate any provisions of CUCC's or CIMS'
corporate  charter or bylaws, or any contract,  agreement,  law or regulation to
which CUCC, CIMS or any of their  respective  properties is party or subject and
the same do not require the consent or approval of any  regulatory  authority or
governmental body of the United States or of any state or subdivision thereof or
of any other person.

                                   ARTICLE VII

                                 INDEMNIFICATION

         7.1  Indemnification  of CUCC and CIMS by HTCC.  HTCC hereby  agrees to
defend,  indemnify and hold harmless CUCC,  CIMS and their  affiliates  from and
against  any and all claims,  demands,  causes of action,  liabilities,  losses,
damages,   costs  and  expenses,   including  litigation  costs  and  reasonable
attorneys'  fees, not otherwise  recovered  from insurance  carriers (all of the
foregoing are hereinafter referred to as "losses") which losses may accrue to or

                                      -7-

<PAGE>

be  sustained  by CUCC or CIMS by, or arising  out of, or as a result of, any of
HTCC's representations,  warranties, covenants or agreements contained in any of
the HTCC Documents being incorrect, untrue, or breached notwithstanding the fact
that  CUCC or CIMS  knew or  should  have  known  that any such  representation,
warranty, covenant or agreement was incorrect, untrue or breached at the time it
was made, and whether or not HTCC has knowledge of any such  non-compliance  and
whether or not any such non-compliance is material with respect to CUCC or CIMS.

         7.2  Indemnification  of HTCC by CUCC and  CIMS.  CUCC and CIMS  hereby
jointly and severally agree to defend,  indemnify and hold harmless HTCC and its
affiliates  from and  against  any and all  claims,  demands,  causes of action,
liabilities, losses, damages, costs and expenses, including litigation costs and
reasonable attorneys' fees, not otherwise recovered from insurance carriers (all
of the  foregoing  are  hereinafter  referred to as  "losses")  which losses may
accrue to or be  sustained by HTCC by, or arising out of, or as a result of, any
of CUCC or CIMS's representations, warranties, covenants or agreements contained
in  any  of  the  Citizens  Agreements  being  incorrect,  untrue,  or  breached
notwithstanding  the fact  that HTCC knew or  should  have  known  that any such
representation,  warranty,  covenant  or  agreement  was  incorrect,  untrue  or
breached at the time it was made,  and whether or not CUCC or CIMS has knowledge
of any  such  non-compliance  and  whether  or not any  such  non-compliance  is
material with respect to HTCC.

                                  ARTICLE VIII

                                     GENERAL

         8.1  Further  Assurances.  Each  party to this  Agreement  shall at the
request of the other  furnish,  execute and deliver such  schedules,  documents,
instruments,  opinions  of  counsel,  certificates,  notices  or  other  further
assurances  as counsel  for the  requesting  party shall  reasonably  require as
necessary to effect complete consummation of this Agreement and the arrangements
and actions contemplated herein.

         8.2 Notices. Any notice,  request,  instruction or other document to be
given  hereunder  by any party to the others  shall be in  writing  and shall be
deemed to have been duly given on the next  business day after the same is sent,
if  delivered  personally  or sent by telecopy or  overnight  delivery,  or five
calendar days after the same is sent,  if sent by registered or certified  mail,
return receipt requested,  postage prepaid, as set forth below, or to such other
persons or  addresses as may be  designated  in writing in  accordance  with the
terms hereof by the party to receive such notice.

                  (a)      If to CUCC or CIMS, to it care of:

                           Citizens Utilities Company
                           High Ridge Park
                           Stamford, CT 06905
                           Facsimile No.: 203/614-4651
                           Attn:  President

                           with required copy to:

                           Citizens Utilities Company
                           High Ridge Park
                           Stamford, CT 06905
                           Facsimile No.: 203/614-4651
                           Attn:  General Counsel

                                      -8-
<PAGE>


                  (b)      If to HTCC, to:

                           Hungarian Telephone and Cable Corp.
                           1126 Budapest
                           Kiralyhago u.2.
                           Budapest, Hungary
                           Facsimile No.:  011-361-202-4778
                           Attention:  Chief Executive Officer

                           with required copy to:

                           Hungarian Telephone and Cable Corp.
                           100 First Stamford Place
                           Stamford, CT  06902
                           Facsimile No.:  203/348-0128
                           Attention:  General Counsel

         8.3  Amendment.  This  Agreement  may  be  amended  only  by a  written
instrument duly executed by or on behalf of all of the parties hereto.

         8.4 Binding Effect of this  Agreement.  This  Agreement,  together with
each agreement,  instrument,  schedule,  exhibit and certificate  referred to in
this Agreement,  shall constitute the entire contract between the parties hereto
and no  party  shall be  liable  or bound  to the  other  in any  manner  by any
warranties  or  representations  except  as  specifically  set  forth  herein or
therein.  This Agreement  supersedes all prior agreements and  understandings of
the parties hereto in connection herewith,  including,  without limitation,  the
Management Services Agreement and the Master Agreement.

         8.5 Captions.  The captions in this Agreement are for convenience  only
and  shall  not  be  considered  a  part  of  or  affect  the   construction  or
interpretation of any provision of this Agreement.

         8.6 Assignment.  No party hereto shall assign its rights or obligations
under this Agreement or any part thereof, nor shall any party assign or delegate
any of its rights or duties  hereunder  without the prior written consent of the
other  parties,  and any  assignment  made without  such consent  shall be void;
provided,  however,  that CUCC and CIMS may assign their  respective  rights and
obligations  hereunder and their  respective  rights and  obligations  under the
Note, the Amended and Restated Option Agreement and the Registration  Agreement,
together  or  separately,  to any one or more  direct or  indirect  wholly-owned

                                      -9-
<PAGE>

subsidiaries of Citizens Utilities Company,  a Delaware  corporation  (including
any direct or indirect  wholly-owned  subsidiary of Citizens  Utilities  Company
that holds  substantially  all of the  communications  assets and  properties of
Citizens Utilities  Company,  the stock of which may be distributed or otherwise
transferred to some or all of the shareholders of Citizens  Utilities  Company),
without  the  approval  or  consent  of HTCC.  CUCC and CIMS also may  pledge or
otherwise  grant a  security  interest  in their  respective  rights  under  the
Citizens  Agreements  and the Note,  and may pledge the  Shares,  the Note,  any
interest  in shares  that may be  issued  in  accordance  with the  Amended  and
Restated Option Agreement,  the shares of Common Stock received upon exercise of
the Options (as defined in the Amended and Restated  Option  Agreement)  and all
proceeds  thereunder,  to any bank or group of banks  without  the  approval  or
consent of HTCC.  Except as otherwise  provided herein,  this Agreement shall be
binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective
successors and permitted assigns.

         8.7 Expenses.  Except as otherwise provided herein, each party shall be
solely  responsible  for all  expenses  incurred by it in  connection  with this
Agreement and the agreements and actions  contemplated hereby (including without
limitation,  fees and expenses of its own counsel and accountants) and shall not
be entitled to any  reimbursement  therefor  from the other party hereto  except
pursuant to the indemnification provision of Article VII hereof.

         8.8  Counterparts;  Facsimile  Signature  Pages.  This Agreement may be
executed in one or more  counterparts,  and each of such counterparts  shall for
all purposes be deemed to be an  original,  but all such  counterparts  together
shall  constitute  but one  instrument.  This  Agreement  shall be  deemed to be
executed upon the exchange of executed facsimile  signature pages (with original
executed signature pages to follow by mail).

         8.9 Governing Law; Forum; Consent to Jurisdiction. This Agreement shall
be  governed  by and  construed  in  accordance  with the  laws of the  State of
Delaware  without  giving effect to the  principles of conflict of laws thereof.
Each of the parties to this Agreement hereby irrevocably and unconditionally (i)
consents to submit to the exclusive  jurisdiction  of the courts of the State of
Delaware for any  proceeding  arising in connection  with this Agreement and the
Note (and each such party agrees not to commence any such proceeding,  except in
such  courts),  (ii) to the extent  such party is not a resident of the State of
Delaware,  agrees to appoint an agent in the State of Delaware  as such  party's
agent for acceptance of legal process in any such proceeding  against such party
with the same legal force and  validity as if served upon such party  personally
within the State of Delaware,  and to notify promptly each other party hereto of
the name and address of such agent,  (iii) waives any objection to the laying of
venue of any such  proceeding  in the courts of the State of Delaware,  and (iv)
waives,  and agrees not to plead or to make, any claim that any such  proceeding
brought in any court of the State of Delaware has been brought in an improper or
otherwise inconvenient forum.

                                      -10-

<PAGE>


         8.10 Nature and Survival of Representations.  All statements  contained
in any certificate,  instrument or document  delivered by or on behalf of any of
the  parties  pursuant  to this  Agreement  and  the  arrangements  and  actions
contemplated  hereby  shall be  deemed  representations  and  warranties  by the
respective parties  hereunder.  All  representations  and warranties made by the
parties,  each to the other,  in this Agreement or pursuant hereto shall survive
the   consummation   of  the   transactions   contemplated  by  this  Agreement,
notwithstanding any investigation heretofore or hereafter made by any of them or
on behalf of any of them.

            [THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

                                      -11-
<PAGE>


         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
duly executed as of the day and year first above written.

                                             HUNGARIAN TELEPHONE AND CABLE CORP.


                                             By  /s/Francis J. Busacca, Jr.
                                             ------------------------------
                                             Francis J. Busacca, Jr.
                                             Acting President and CEO,
                                             Chief Financial Officer


                                             CU CAPITALCORP.


                                             By  /s/Daryl A. Ferguson
                                             ------------------------
                                             Name:  Daryl A. Ferguson
                                             Title: President



                                             CITIZENS INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT
                                             SERVICES COMPANY

                                             By  /s/Daryl A. Ferguson
                                             ------------------------
                                             Name:  Daryl A. Ferguson
                                             Title: President

    




            [SIGNATURE PAGE TO REPLACEMENT AND TERMINATION AGREEMENT]



                                      -12-


                                  
                                                                   Exhibit 10.70


                                 PROMISSORY NOTE

$8,374,498.00                                                 September 30, 1998


         FOR VALUE  RECEIVED,  Hungarian  Telephone and Cable Corp.,  a Delaware
corporation  (the  "Company"),   promises  to  pay  to  the  order  of  Citizens
International  Management Services Company, a Delaware corporation  (hereinafter
called the  "Payee"),  payable at the  Payee's  offices c/o  Citizens  Utilities
Company at High Ridge Park, Stamford, Connecticut, 06905, or such other place as
may be designated in writing to the Company by Payee,  or any subsequent  holder
of this Note (the  "Holder"),  the  principal sum of Eight Million Three Hundred
Seventy-Four   Thousand   Four  Hundred   Ninety-Eight   Dollars  and  No  Cents
($8,374,498.00), with interest thereon during the period that any portion of the
principal  balance  due under  this Note  remains  unpaid and  outstanding  at a
varying rate per annum which is two and one-half percent (2.50%) per annum above
the interest rate  published by The Wall Street Journal from time to time as the
London Interbank Offered Rate for one-year dollar deposits,  with adjustments in
such varying rate to be made on the first  business day in the State of New York
of each calendar  month.  This Note is issued  pursuant to the  Replacement  and
Termination Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, among the Company, Payee and
CU CapitalCorp.

Payment of Interest

         Accrued interest on the principal amount outstanding hereunder shall be
payable annually in arrears on September 15th of each year, commencing September
15, 1999; provided,  however, that if any such date on which interest is payable
on this Note is not a  business  day in the State of New York,  then  payment of
such  interest will be made the next  succeeding  day which is a business day in
the State of New York.

Maturity Date

         All principal remaining  outstanding hereunder shall be due and payable
in full,  together with accrued and unpaid  interest  thereon,  on September 15,
2004.

Waiver

         The Company and any and each co-maker, guarantor,  accommodation party,
endorser or other person or entity  liable for the payment or collection of this
Note expressly waive demand and  presentment for payment,  notice of nonpayment,
protest, notice of protest, notice of dishonor,  bringing of suit, and diligence
in taking  any  action to  collect  amounts  called  for  hereunder,  and in the
handling of property at any time  existing as security in  connection  herewith,
and shall be directly and primarily liable for the payment of all sums owing and
to be owing  hereon,  regardless  of and without any notice,  diligence,  act or
omission as or with respect to the collection of any amount called for hereunder
or in connection with any right, lien, interest or property at any and all times
had or existing as security for any amount called for hereunder.

<PAGE>

Costs of Collection

         The Company agrees to pay all reasonable  costs,  including  reasonable
attorney's  fees,  incurred  by  Payee  of this  Note or any  subsequent  Holder
thereof,  in collection or enforcing payment of this Note in accordance with its
terms.

Prepayment

         This  Note may be  prepaid  in whole or in part at any time,  upon ten
(10)  days'  written  notice to the Payee.

Amendment

         This Note may not be changed or terminated orally.

Assignment

         Neither the Company  nor Payee shall  assign its rights or  obligations
under this Note or any part thereof, nor shall the Company or Payee delegate any
of its rights or obligations  hereunder without the prior written consent of the
other,  and any  assignment  made without such consent shall be void;  provided,
however,  that Payee may assign  this Note to any one or more direct or indirect
wholly-owned subsidiaries of Citizens Utilities Company (including any direct or
indirect  wholly-owned  subsidiary  of  Citizens  Utilities  Company  that holds
substantially  all of the  communications  assets  and  properties  of  Citizens
Utilities  Company,   the  stock  of  which  may  be  distributed  or  otherwise
transferred to some or all of the shareholders of Citizens  Utilities  Company),
without the approval or consent of the Company.

Governing Law; Forum; Consent to Jurisdiction

         This Note shall be governed by and  construed  in  accordance  with the
laws of the  State of  Delaware  without  giving  effect  to the  principles  of
conflict of laws thereof. The Company hereby irrevocably and unconditionally (i)
consents to submit to the exclusive  jurisdiction  of the courts of the State of
Delaware  for any  proceeding  arising  in  connection  with  this Note (and the
Company agrees not to commence any such proceeding, except in such courts), (ii)
to the extent the Company is not a resident of the State of Delaware,  agrees to
appoint an agent in the State of Delaware as the Company's  agent for acceptance
of legal process in any such proceeding  against the Company with the same legal
force and validity as if served upon the Company  personally within the State of
Delaware,  and to notify  promptly  Payee of the name and address of such agent,
(iii) waives any objection to the laying of venue of any such  proceeding in the
courts of the State of Delaware,  and (iv) waives, and agrees not to plead or to
make,  any claim that any such  proceeding  brought in any court of the State of
Delaware has been brought in an improper or otherwise inconvenient forum.

                                      -2-
<PAGE>


         IN WITNESS WHEREOF,  the Company has caused this Note to be executed by
a duly authorized officer and attested by its Secretary.

                                            HUNGARIAN TELEPHONE AND CABLE CORP.



                                            By:
                                            -----------------------------
                                               Francis J. Busacca, Jr.
                                               Acting President and CEO,
                                                Chief Financial Officer














                                      -3-

                                                                   Exhibit 10.71

           AMENDED, RESTATED AND CONSOLIDATED STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT

         THIS AMENDED,  RESTATED AND  CONSOLIDATED  STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT (this
"Agreement"),  is  made as of  September  30,  1998,  by and  between  Hungarian
Telephone  and Cable  Corp.,  a Delaware  corporation  (the  "Company"),  and CU
CapitalCorp., a Delaware corporation ("CUCC").


                               W I T N E S S E T H

         WHEREAS,  the Company and CUCC are parties to that certain Stock Option
Agreement,  dated as of May 31,  1995  (the  "First  Stock  Option  Agreement"),
pursuant to which the Company  granted to CUCC the right to purchase such number
of shares of Common  Stock of the  Company,  par value $.001 per share  ("Common
Stock"),  that,  when exercised and combined with certain other shares of Common
Stock owned by CUCC and certain other rights to purchase  shares of Common Stock
held by CUCC, was intended to result in CUCC holding in the aggregate  fifty-one
percent (51%) of the shares of Common Stock then  outstanding on a fully diluted
basis;

         WHEREAS,  on  September  12,  1995,  at a duly  called  meeting  of the
shareholders  of the  Company,  the  shareholders  of the Company  approved  the
Company's  execution  of the First Stock Option  Agreement  and the grant of the
stock options evidenced thereby;

         WHEREAS,  the Company  has issued and  delivered  to CUCC that  certain
Warrant  to  Purchase  Shares of  Common  Stock,  dated as of May 31,  1995 (the
"Warrant"),  pursuant to which the Company granted to CUCC the right to purchase
299,219  shares of Common  Stock for an  initial  purchase  price of $13.00  per
share;

         WHEREAS,  the Company and CUCC are parties to that certain Second Stock
Option  Agreement  dated as of September  28,  1995,  as amended by that certain
Second  Agreement to Amend and Restate dated as of October 30, 1995 (as amended,
the "Second Stock Option  Agreement"),  pursuant to which the Company granted to
CUCC the right to purchase  626,155  shares of Common Stock for a purchase price
of $13.75 per share;

         WHEREAS,  the  Company  and CUCC (i) entered  into that  certain  First
Amendment to the Warrant,  dated as of October 18, 1996 (the "First Amendment to
Warrant"), and that certain First Amendment to Stock Option Agreement,  dated as
of October 18, 1996 (the "First  Amendment  to First Stock  Option  Agreement"),
pursuant to which the Company extended through  September 12, 2000, the exercise
periods of the Warrant and certain of the options granted  pursuant to the First
Stock Option  Agreement,  and (ii) entered into a Third Stock Option  Agreement,
dated as of October 18, 1996 (the "Third Stock Option  Agreement"),  pursuant to
which the Company granted to CUCC the right to purchase 875,850 shares of Common
Stock for an initial purchase price of $12.75 per share;


<PAGE>


         WHEREAS,  in settlement of a dispute  between the Company and CUCC, the
Company has agreed to grant CUCC the right to purchase an  additional  2,110,896
shares of Common Stock (the "Additional  Stock Options") for an initial purchase
price of $13.00 per share and on the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth;
and

         WHEREAS,  the  Company  and CUCC now desire (a) to amend,  restate  and
consolidate herein (i) the First Stock Option Agreement, as amended by the First
Amendment to Stock Option Agreement,  (ii) the Warrant,  as amended by the First
Amendment to the Warrant, (iii) the Second Stock Option Agreement,  and (iv) the
Third Stock Option Agreement  (collectively,  the "Existing Option Agreements");
and (b) to establish the terms and conditions applicable to the Additional Stock
Options.

         NOW, THEREFORE,  in consideration of the premises hereof, and intending
to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereby agree as follows:

         1.       Stock Options.

                  (a)  Existing  Option  Agreements.  Effective  as of the  date
hereof,   each  of  the  Existing  Option   Agreements  is  amended,   restated,
consolidated herein and replaced in its entirety by this Agreement.  The Company
and CUCC hereby acknowledge and agree that,  pursuant to the applicable Existing
Option Agreement,  the Company  previously has granted to CUCC, that immediately
prior to the execution  hereof CUCC continued to have and to hold, and that this
Agreement now evidences,  the  irrevocable  options (the "Existing  Options") to
purchase  the number of shares of Common  Stock set forth  below (the  "Existing
Option  Shares"),  at the  initial  purchase  price per  share  set forth  below
(subject to adjustment as set forth below), payable in cash:

                           (i)   Option to  purchase  299,219  shares  of Common
Stock at $13.00  per  share  (representing  Existing  Option  Shares  previously
purchasable pursuant to the Warrant).

                           (ii)  Option to  purchase  101,550  shares  of Common
Stock at $13.00  per  share  (representing  Existing  Option  Shares  previously
purchasable pursuant to the First Stock Option Agreement).

                           (iii) Option  to purchase  869,516  shares  of Common
Stock at $15.00  per  share  (representing  Existing  Option  Shares  previously
purchasable pursuant to the First Stock Option Agreement).

                           (iv)  Option to  purchase  869,516  shares  of Common
Stock at $16.50  per  share  (representing  Existing  Option  Shares  previously
purchasable pursuant to the First Stock Option Agreement).

                           (v)  Option  to purchase 869,516   shares  of  Common
Stock at $18.00  per  share  (representing  Existing  Option  Shares  previously
purchasable pursuant to the First Stock Option Agreement).

                                      -2-
<PAGE>

                           (vi) Option  to  purchase  626,155  shares  of Common
Stock at $13.75  per  share  (representing  Existing  Option  Shares  previously
purchasable pursuant to the Second Stock Option Agreement).

                           (vii) Option  to  purchase  875,850  shares of Common
Stock at $12.75  per  share  (representing  Existing  Option  Shares  previously
purchasable pursuant to the Third Stock Option Agreement).

                  (b)  Additional  Stock  Options.  The Company hereby grants to
CUCC the  irrevocable  option (the  "Additional  Option" and,  together with the
Existing  Options,  the "Options") to purchase  2,110,896 shares of Common Stock
(the "Additional  Option Shares" and,  together with the Existing Option Shares,
the "Option  Shares") at an initial  purchase price of $13.00 per share (subject
to adjustment as set forth below), payable in cash.

                  (c) Exercise Dates. The Additional  Option may be exercised at
any time and from time to time from the date hereof  through  July 1, 1999.  The
Existing  Options  may be  exercised  at any time and from time to time from the
date hereof through September 12, 2000.  Exercise of the Options may be in whole
(at one time or in multiple parts aggregating the whole) or in part and shall be
effectuated by delivering  written notice of such exercise to the Company at any
time and from time to time during such exercise period. Any and each such notice
of  exercise  shall set forth the number of Option  Shares to be  acquired,  the
exercise price per share of the Options Shares to be acquired, the closing date,
and the time and place of the closing.

                  (d) Registration  Rights. The Company hereby  acknowledges and
agrees  with  CUCC that any  Option  Shares  acquired  by CUCC  pursuant  to any
exercise of the Options are and shall be "Registrable  Securities," as such term
is defined in that certain  Registration  Agreement dated as of May 31, 1995, by
and between the Company and CUCC (the "Registration  Agreement"),  and the terms
and conditions of the Registration Agreement shall apply to such acquired Option
Shares.

         2. Closing  Date.  The closing date with respect to the purchase of any
of the Option Shares (the "Closing  Date") shall be not less than three nor more
than ten days after the date any notice of exercise with respect to an Option is
given unless a waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements
Act of 1976 (the "HSR Act"), if applicable, has not expired and/or all necessary
approvals,  if any,  applicable to such exercise of such Option pursuant to such
exercise notice have not been obtained,  in which case the Closing Date shall be
not more than ten days after the last to occur of such waiting period expiration
or the  obtaining of the last such  approval.  In  addition,  in the event that,
after  any  notice of  exercise  with  respect  to such  Option  is  given,  any
preliminary  or  permanent  injunction  or other order by any court of competent
jurisdiction  prohibiting or otherwise  restraining such exercise of such Option
is  entered,  the Closing  Date shall be extended  until ten days after the date
such order is  dissolved  or  otherwise  ceases to be in effect.  On the Closing
Date, the aggregate purchase price for the Option Shares that are the subject of
the exercise  notice  shall be  delivered  to the Company and the Company  shall
issue and deliver one or more  certificates  evidencing such Option Shares,  and
registered in such manner as the holder of the related Option shall direct.

                                      -3-
<PAGE>

         3. Changes in the Option  Shares;  Anti-Dilution  Provisions;  Purchase
Price Reset.

                  (a) For all  purposes  of this  Agreement,  the Option  Shares
shall mean the Option Shares as if presently  outstanding  and all securities or
other consideration issued or exchanged with respect to the Option Shares on any
recapitalization,   reclassification,  merger,  consolidation,  share  exchange,
spin-off,  partial  or  complete  liquidation,   stock  dividend,   split-up  or
combination  of the securities of the Company or any other change in its capital
structure.

                  (b) Anti-Dilution  Provisions.  The respective  purchase price
per Option  Share  from time to time in effect  under  this  Agreement,  and the
number and  character of  securities  of the Company  covered  hereby,  shall be
subject to adjustment  from time to time in certain  instances  hereinafter  set
forth.  The term  "Purchase  Price"  shall  mean for each  Option,  the  initial
purchase  price per  share  for such  Option  set  forth in this  Agreement,  as
adjusted pursuant to the terms hereof.  The number of Option Shares  purchasable
upon the exercise of each Option and the Purchase Price for such Option shall be
subject to adjustment as follows:

                           (i) In  case the Company shall  at any time after the
date of execution of this  Agreement  (A) declare or pay a dividend in shares of
Common  Stock or make a  distribution  in shares of Common  Stock to  holders of
Common Stock, (B) subdivide its outstanding  shares of Common Stock, (C) combine
its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares of Common
Stock, or (D) issue any shares of its capital stock in a reclassification of the
Common  Stock  (including  any  such   reclassification  in  connection  with  a
consolidation  or merger in which the  Company is the  continuing  entity),  the
number of Option Shares  purchasable  upon  exercise of the Options  immediately
prior  thereto  shall be  adjusted  so that the holder of the  Options  shall be
entitled to receive the kind and number of Option Shares or other  securities of
the Company which he would have owned or have been entitled to receive after the
happening of any of the events  described  above, had the Options been exercised
immediately prior to the happening of such event or any record date with respect
thereto.  An  adjustment  made  pursuant  to this  paragraph  (i)  shall  become
effective  immediately after the effective date of such event retroactive to the
record date, if any, for such event.

                           (ii) In case the Company shall issue rights, options
or warrants to all holders of its outstanding Common Stock entitling them (for a
period of within 45 days after the record date mentioned below) to subscribe for
or  purchase  shares of Common  Stock at a price per share which is lower at the
record date  mentioned  below than the Base Value per share of Common  Stock (as
defined in paragraph (v) below),  the number of Option  Shares then  purchasable
upon exercise of each Option shall be determined  by  multiplying  the number of
Option Shares then  purchasable  upon exercise of such Option by a fraction,  of
which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on
the date of issuance  of such  rights,  options or  warrants  plus the number of
additional  shares of Common Stock offered for subscription or purchase,  and of
which the denominator  shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding
on the date of issuance of such rights,  options or warrants  plus the number of
shares  which the  aggregate  offering  price of the  total  number of shares of
Common  Stock so offered  would  purchase  at the Base Value per share of Common
Stock at such record date. Such  adjustment  shall be made whenever such rights,
options or warrants are issued, and shall become effective immediately after the
record date for the  determination  of  stockholders  entitled  to receive  such
rights, options or warrants.

                                      -4-
<PAGE>

                           (iii) In  case  the  Company  shall distribute to all
holders of its shares of Common Stock  evidences of its  indebtedness  or assets
(including cash dividends or other  distributions  in an amount in excess of 25%
of  consolidated  earnings or earned  surplus  legally  available for payment of
dividends at the time of the  declaration  of any such dividend or  distribution
payable out of consolidated  earnings or earned surplus, but excluding dividends
or  distributions  payable in stock for which  adjustment  is made  pursuant  to
paragraph (i) above or in the paragraph immediately following this paragraph) or
rights,   options  or  warrants,  or  convertible  or  exchangeable   securities
containing  the right to  subscribe  for or  purchase  shares  of  Common  Stock
(excluding  those  referred to in paragraph  (ii) above),  then in each case the
number of Option Shares thereafter  purchasable upon the exercise of each Option
shall be  determined  by  multiplying  the number of Option  Shares  theretofore
purchasable  upon the  exercise  of such  Option  by a  fraction,  of which  the
numerator  shall be the then current  market price per share of Common Stock (as
defined  in  paragraph  (v)  below)  on the  last  trading  date  preceding  the
ex-dividend date with respect to such distribution, and of which the denominator
shall be such  market  price per share of Common  Stock less then fair value (as
reasonably  determined  by the Board of  Directors of the Company in good faith,
whose  determination  shall be  conclusive)  of the  portion  of the  assets  or
evidences of indebtedness so distributed or of such subscription rights, options
or warrants, or of such convertible or exchangeable securities applicable to one
share  of  Common  Stock.  Such  adjustment  shall  be made  whenever  any  such
distribution  is made,  and shall become  effective on the date of  distribution
retroactive to the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to
receive such distribution.

                           In  the  event of a  distribution  by the  Company to
all holders of its shares of Common Stock of stock of a subsidiary or securities
convertible into or exercisable for such stock, then in lieu of an adjustment in
the number of Option  Shares  purchasable  upon the  exercise of an Option,  the
holder  of such  Option,  upon  the  exercise  thereof  at any time  after  such
distribution,  shall be entitled to receive from the Company, such subsidiary or
both, as the Company shall reasonably  determine,  the stock or other securities
to which such holder would have been entitled if such holder had exercised  such
Option immediately prior thereto,  all subject to further adjustment as provided
in this  subsection  (b);  provided,  however,  that no adjustment in respect of
dividends or interest on such stock or other securities shall be made during the
term of such Option or upon the exercise of such Option other than an adjustment
which would be required pursuant to this Agreement.

                           (iv) In case the Company shall issue shares of Common
Stock or rights,  options or warrants  containing  the right to subscribe for or
purchase  shares of Common  Stock or  securities  convertible  into Common Stock
(including  amendments and  modifications to the price,  nature or number of any
existing  rights,  options or warrants  containing the right to subscribe for or
purchase  shares of Common  Stock or  securities  convertible  into Common Stock
other than due to reset, anti-dilution or adjustment rights presently  contained

                                      -5-
<PAGE>

therein,  and  excluding  (A)  shares,  rights, options, warrants or convertible
securities issued in any of the transactions described in paragraphs i), (ii) or
(iii) above,  (B) shares of Common Stock issued upon any exercise of any options
or  warrants  to  purchase  shares  of  Common  Stock  granted  to  CUCC or  any
affiliate  thereof or (C) securities  issued  in exchange for or on  exercise or
conversion of any rights,  options or warrants described in this paragraph (iv))
for a price per share of Common  Stock,  in the case of the  issuance  of Common
Stock,  or for the price per share of Common Stock  initially  deliverable  upon
conversion or exchange of such securities, less than the Base Value per share of
Common Stock (as defined in paragraph  (v) below) on the date the Company  fixed
the offering, conversion or exchange price of such additional shares, the number
of Option Shares thereafter  purchasable upon the exercise of an Option shall be
determined by multiplying  the number of Option Shares  theretofore  purchasable
upon exercise of such Option by a fraction,  of which the numerator shall be the
number of shares of Common Stock so  outstanding on such date plus the aggregate
number of shares of Common  Stock so  issued  or  offered  for  subscription  or
purchase,  and of which the denominator  shall be the number of shares of Common
Stock  outstanding  on such date plus the number of shares  which the  aggregate
offering  price of the total  number  of  shares  of  Common  Stock so issued or
offered  would  purchase  at the Base  Value per  share of Common  Stock at such
record  date.  Such  adjustment  shall be made  whenever  such  shares,  rights,
options,  or warrants  are issued or so amended or  modified,  and shall  become
effective  immediately after the effective date of such event retroactive to the
record date, if any, for such event.

                           (v)  For  the  purpose  of  any   computation   under
paragraphs (ii), (iii) and (iv) of this subsection (b), "Base Value per share of
Common Stock" at any date means the greater of (A) the current  market price per
share of Common  Stock on such date  (computed  as  described  below) or (B) the
Purchase  Price in effect on such date.  The current  market  price per share of
Common  Stock at any date shall be the average of the daily  closing  prices for
the 20 consecutive  trading day period commencing on the 29th trading day before
the date of such  computation and ending on the 10th trading day before the date
of such  computation.  The  closing  price  for each day  shall be the last such
reported  sales price  regular way or, in case no such reported sale takes place
on such day,  the average of the closing  bid and asked  prices  regular way for
such day, in each case on the principal national  securities  exchange or in the
NASDAQ/NMS to which the shares of Common Stock are listed or admitted to trading
or, if not listed or  admitted  to  trading,  the average of the closing bid and
asked prices of the Common Stock quoted on NASDAQ/NMS or  any comparable system.
In the absence of one or more such  quotations,  the Company shall determine the
current market price on the basis of such quotations as it considers  reasonably
appropriate.

                           (vi) No  adjustment  in  the  number of Option Shares
purchasable  hereunder shall be required unless such adjustment  would result in
an increase or decrease of at least one percent of the Purchase Price; provided,
however,  that any  adjustments  which by reason of this  paragraph (vi) are not
required  to be made shall be  carried  forward  and taken  into  account in any
subsequent adjustment.  All calculations shall be made to the nearest cent or to
the nearest one-thousandth of a share, as the case may be.

                                      -6-
<PAGE>

                           (vii)   Whenever   the   number  of   Option   Shares
purchasable upon the exercise of an Option is adjusted, as herein provided,  the
Purchase  Price  payable  upon  exercise  of such  Option  shall be  adjusted by
multiplying the appropriate  Purchase Price immediately prior to such adjustment
by a  fraction,  of which the  numerator  shall be the  number of Option  Shares
purchasable upon the exercise of the applicable Option immediately prior to such
adjustment,  and of which the  denominator  shall be the  number of such  Option
Shares purchasable thereunder immediately thereafter.

                           (viii) No  adjustment  in the number of Option Shares
purchasable  upon the exercise of the Option need be made under paragraphs (ii),
(iii) or (iv) of this subsection (b) if the Company issues or distributes to the
holder of the Options the shares, rights,  options,  warrants, or convertible or
exchangeable securities,  or the evidences of indebtedness or assets referred to
in those  paragraphs which the holder of the Options would have been entitled to
receive had the Options been  exercised  prior to the happening of such event or
the record date with  respect  thereto.  No  adjustment  in the number of Option
Shares  purchasable  upon the  exercise of the Options need be made for sales or
issuances  of Common  Stock or rights,  options or warrants  to purchase  Common
Stock  pursuant to (A) a Company  plan for Company  shareholders  generally  for
reinvestment of dividends,  (B) rights,  options or warrants,  or convertible or
exchangeable  securities or  agreements to issue rights,  options or warrants or
convertible or exchangeable  securities,  outstanding on the date hereof and not
subsequently  modified or amended in any manner that would  otherwise  cause the
number of  Option  Shares  to be  adjusted  hereunder,  or (C)  options  for the
purchase of Common Stock  granted by the Company  from time to time  pursuant to
its  director  stock  option  plans  approved by the Board of  Directors  of the
Company and its employee  stock option plans  approved by Company  stockholders,
with such number of shares subject to adjustment as provided in the plans.

                           (ix) For the purpose of this subsection (b), the term
"shares of Common  Stock"  shall mean (A) the class of stock  designated  as the
Common  Stock of the Company at the date hereof,  or (B) any other  class(es) of
stock  resulting from  successive  changes or  reclassifications  of such shares
consisting solely of changes in par value, or from par value to no par value, or
from no par value to par value. In the event that at any time, as a result of an
adjustment made pursuant to paragraph (i) above, the holder of the Options shall
become  entitled to purchase any  securities of the Company other than shares of
Common Stock,  thereafter  the number of such other shares so  purchasable  upon
exercise of the Options and the  Purchase  Price of such shares shall be subject
to adjustment from time to time in a manner and on terms as nearly equivalent as
practicable  to the  provisions  with respect to the Option Shares  contained in
paragraphs (i) through (viii),  inclusive,  above, and to the extent appropriate
the other provisions of this Agreement that are applicable,  with respect to the
Option Shares, shall apply on like terms to any such other securities.

                           (x)  Upon  the  expiration  of any  rights,  options,
warrants or  conversion  or exchange  privileges,  if any thereof shall not have
been  exercised,  the  Purchase  Price and the number of shares of Common  Stock
purchasable  upon the exercise of the Options shall,  upon such  expiration,  be
readjusted  and shall  thereafter  be such as they would have been had they been
originally  adjusted  (or  had the original adjustment not been required, as the

                                      -7-
<PAGE>

case may be) as if (A) the only shares of Common Stock so issued were the shares
of Common  Stock,  if any,  actually  issued or sold upon the  exercise  of such
rights,  options,  warrants or  conversion or exchange  privileges  and (B) such
shares of  Common  Stock,  if any,  were  issued  or sold for the  consideration
actually  received  by  the  Company  upon  such  exercise  plus  the  aggregate
consideration,  if any, actually received by the Company for the issuance,  sale
or grant  of all such  rights,  options,  warrants  or  conversion  or  exchange
privileges  whether  or  not  exercised;   provided,   however,   that  no  such
readjustment  shall  have  the  effect  of  increasing  the  Purchase  Price  or
decreasing the number of shares of Common Stock purchasable upon the exercise of
the  Options  by an amount in excess of the amount of the  adjustment  initially
made in respect to the issuance, sale or grant of such rights, options, warrants
or conversion or exchange privilege.

                  (c) Rights Upon Certain Corporate  Transactions.  If, prior to
the expiration of the Options by exercise or by its terms,  the Company shall be
recapitalized by reclassifying  its outstanding  Common Stock into shares with a
different par value or by changing its  outstanding  Common Stock with par value
to shares  without par value,  or the Company or a successor  corporation  shall
consolidate  or merge with or convey all or  substantially  all of its or of any
successor  corporation's  property  and  assets  to  any  other  corporation  or
corporations,  or the Company or a successor  corporation or corporations  shall
distribute  Common Stock or other assets  pursuant to, without  limitation,  any
spin-off,  split-off, or other distribution of assets, the holder of the Options
shall thereafter have the right to purchase, upon the basis and on the terms and
conditions  and  during the time  specified  in this  Agreement,  in lieu of the
Common  Stock of the Company  theretofore  purchasable  upon the exercise of the
Options,  such  shares,  securities  or assets as may be issued or payable  with
respect  to, or in  exchange  for,  the  number of share of Common  Stock of the
Company theretofore purchasable upon the exercise of the Options had the Options
been  exercised  immediately  prior  to  such  recapitalization,  consolidation,
merger, conveyance or distribution.

                  (d) Rights Upon Liquidation. If, at any time while the Options
shall remain unexpired and unexercised, the Company shall dissolve, liquidate or
wind up its affairs, the holder of the Options may in connection with such event
receive,  upon  exercise  thereof,  in lieu of each share of Common Stock of the
Company which it would have been  entitled to receive,  the same kind and amount
of any  securities or assets as may be issuable,  distributable  or payable upon
any such  dissolution,  liquidation  or winding up with respect to each share of
Common  Stock of the  Company  (after  giving  effect  to the  exercise  of such
Options).

                  (e)  Notice of  Changes.  In the event (i) the  Company  shall
issue any shares of Common  Stock,  options or rights to subscribe for shares of
Common Stock, or any securities  convertible  into or exchangeable for shares of
Common  Stock,  or  adjust or reset the  conversion  price of any such  options,
rights or convertible  securities,  or the nature or number thereof,  other than
pursuant to the terms thereof as in effect on the date of this  Agreement,  (ii)
the  Company  shall take a record of the  holders  of its  Common  Stock for the
purpose of entitling them to receive a dividend  payable  otherwise than in cash
or any other  distribution  in respect of the Common Stock  pursuant to, without
limitation,  any spin-off,  split-off,  or distribution of the Company's assets,
(iii) the Company shall take a record of the holders of its Common Stock for the
purpose of entitling  them to subscribe  for or purchase any shares of any class
or to receive any other rights, (iv) of any classification,  reclassification or
other  reorganization  or  recapitalization  of the shares  which the Company is
authorized to issue, consolidation or merger of the Company with or into another

                                      -8-
<PAGE>

corporation,  or  conveyance  of all or  substantially  all of the assets of the
Company,  or (v) of the voluntary or  involuntary  dissolution,  liquidation  or
winding up of the Company;  then,  and in such event,  the Company shall mail to
the holder of the  Options a notice,  at least ten (10) days prior to the record
date for, or if no record date, then at least thirty (30) days prior to the date
or expected  date on which such event is to take  place,  stating the nature and
relevant dates for such event, including the date or expected date, if any is to
be fixed,  as of which  holders of Common  Stock of record  shall be entitled to
exchange their Common Stock for securities or other property  deliverable  upon,
and a  description  of, such  reclassification,  reorganization,  consolidation,
merger, conveyance, dissolution, liquidation or winding up, as the case may be.

                  (f)  Reduction  of  Purchase  Price  Below  Par  Value.  As  a
condition  precedent to the taking of any action which would cause an adjustment
reducing the  Purchase  Price below then par value of the shares of Common Stock
issuable  upon  exercise  of any of the  Options,  the  Company  will  take such
corporation  action as may be necessary in order that it may validly and legally
issue fully paid and nonassessable  shares of such Common Stock at such adjusted
Purchase Price.

         4.   Representations  and  Warranties  of  the  Company.   The  Company
represents to CUCC as follows:

                  (a) The Company has the full power and  authority  to execute,
deliver  and  carry  out the  terms  and  provisions  of this  Agreement  and to
consummate the transactions  contemplated  hereby.  The execution,  delivery and
performance of this Agreement and the granting of the Options have been approved
by all  requisite  corporate  action on the part of the Company,  and no further
action is necessary to authorize such acts.

                  (b) This  Agreement  has been duly and  validly  executed  and
delivered by the Company,  and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the
Company, enforceable in accordance with its terms;

                  (c) The  authorized  capital stock of the Company  consists of
(i) 25,000,000 shares of Common Stock of which, as of the date hereof, 5,395,864
shares are issued and outstanding and 7,473,915 shares are reserved for issuance
upon the  exercise of  currently  outstanding  rights,  warrants  and options to
purchase  shares of Common Stock and the  conversion  of  currently  outstanding
securities  convertible into shares of Common Stock (including the Options), and
(ii)  5,000,000  shares of  Preferred  Stock,  none of which is  outstanding  or
reserved for issuance. There exist no liens, claims, options, preemptive rights,
proxies, voting agreements, charges or encumbrances of whatever nature affecting
the Option Shares other than as provided in this Agreement;

                  (d) The  execution  and  delivery  of this  Agreement  and the
performance  of this  Agreement by the Company will not (i) require the consent,
waiver,  approval,  license or authorization of or any filing with any person or
governmental  authority  (other than pursuant to the HSR Act),  (ii) violate the
certificate of incorporation,  by-laws, or other organizational documents of the
Company,  (iii)  with or  without  the  giving of notice or the lapse of time or
both,  conflict  with or result in a breach  of any terms or  provisions  of, or
constitute a default or give rise to a right of acceleration under, or result in
the creation or imposition of any lien,  charge or encumbrance upon any property
or assets of Company under any  indenture,  mortgage,  agreement,  note or other
instrument  to which the Company is a party or by which its property is bound or
(iv) violate any existing applicable law, rule, regulation,  judgment,  order or
decree of any  governmental  authority  or court  having  jurisdiction  over the
Company or any of its property;

                                      -9-
<PAGE>

                  (e) Upon  issuance  by the  Company  of the  Option  Shares in
accordance  herewith,  such  shares of  Common  Stock  will be duly and  validly
issued,  fully paid and  nonassessable and the holder of such Option Shares will
have good title to such  Option  Shares,  free and clear of all  liens,  claims,
options, preemptive rights, proxies, voting agreements,  charges or encumbrances
of whatever nature affecting such Option Shares; and

                  (f) There exists no restriction on the Company's  issuance and
delivery  of the  Option  Shares,  nor is the  Company  required  to obtain  the
approval  of any  person or  governmental  authority  (other  than to the extent
required under the HSR Act) to effect the sale of the any of the Option Shares.

         5.  Covenants of the  Company.  The Company  covenants  with CUCC that,
during the term of this Agreement:

                  (a) The Company will  cooperate with the holder of the Options
in obtaining any  regulatory  or  governmental  approvals  necessary in order to
permit the issuance of the Option Shares upon exercise of the Options;

                  (b) The  Company  shall  reserve and keep  available  from its
authorized but unissued shares of its Common Stock or other capital stock as may
be the subject of the Options such number of shares thereof as are issuable upon
exercise  of the  Options,  and shall not  issue  any such  shares,  or make any
agreement,  commitment  or  arrangement  to issue any such shares,  or issue any
option,  warrant or other security  exercisable for or convertible into any such
shares, other than the Options; and

                  (c) No  fractional  shares of Common  Stock  will be issued in
connection with any purchase  hereunder but in lieu of such  fractional  shares,
the Company shall make a cash refund  therefor equal in amount to the product of
the  applicable  fraction  multiplied  by the Purchase  Price then in effect and
applicable to the Option Shares being purchased.

         6. Term.  This  Agreement  shall be and remain in effect  from the date
hereof until September 12, 2001.

         7. Miscellaneous. CUCC agrees that any shares of Common Stock purchased
by the holder of the Options  pursuant to this  Agreement  will be acquired  for
investment only and not with a view to any public distribution thereof, and such
person will not offer,  sell or otherwise  dispose of such shares so acquired by
it in violation of the registration  requirements of the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended, or any applicable state securities laws.

                                      -10-
<PAGE>

         8. Notices.  Any notice,  request,  instruction or other document to be
given  hereunder  by any party to the others  shall be in  writing  and shall be
deemed to have been duly given on the next  business day after the same is sent,
if  delivered  personally  or sent by telecopy or  overnight  delivery,  or five
calendar days after the same is sent,  if sent by registered or certified  mail,
return receipt requested,  postage prepaid, as set forth below, or to such other
persons or  addresses as may be  designated  in writing in  accordance  with the
terms hereof by the party to receive such notice.

                  (a)      If to CUCC, to:

                           CU CapitalCorp.
                           c/o Citizens Utilities Company
                           High Ridge Park
                           Stamford, CT 06905
                           Facsimile No.: 203/614-4651
                           Attn:  President

                            with required copies to:

                           CU CapitalCorp.
                           c/o Citizens Utilities Company
                           High Ridge Park
                           Stamford, CT 06905
                           Facsimile No.: 203/614-4651
                           Attn:  General Counsel

                  (b)      If to the Company, to:

                           Hungarian Telephone and Cable Corp.
                           1126 Budapest
                           Kiralyhago u.2.
                           Budapest, Hungary
                           Facsimile No.:  011-361-202-4778
                           Attention:  Chief Executive Officer

                            with required copies to:

                           Hungarian Telephone and Cable Corp.
                            100 First Stamford Place
                           Stamford, CT  06902
                           Facsimile No.: 203/348-0128
                              Attn: General Counsel

                                      -11-
<PAGE>

         9. Specific  Enforcement.  The Company  acknowledges that the holder of
the Options would be irrevocably damaged in the event that any of the provisions
of this  Agreement  were not performed by the Company in  accordance  with their
specific terms or were  otherwise  breached.  It is accordingly  agreed that the
holder of the Options  shall be  entitled to an  injunction  or  injunctions  to
prevent  breaches of this Agreement and  specifically  to enforce this Agreement
and the terms and  provisions  thereof in addition to any other  remedy to which
the holder of the Options may be entitled at law or in equity.

         10.  Expenses.  Except  as  otherwise  provided  herein,  all  fees and
expenses incurred by the Company, and all sales, transfer or other similar taxes
payable in connection  with this Agreement  (including,  but not limited to, any
transfer taxes payable in connection with the sale of the Option  Shares),  will
be  borne  by the  Company,  and  all  fees  and  expenses  incurred  by CUCC in
connection with this Agreement will be borne by CUCC.

         11. Brokerage. CUCC and the Company each represents and warrants to the
other that neither it nor any of its  affiliates  has entered into or will enter
into any contract,  agreement,  arrangement or understanding  with any person or
firm which will result in the  obligation  of the other to pay any finder's fee,
brokerage  commission or similar payment in connection with this Agreement,  the
Options or the transaction contemplated hereby. CUCC and the Company each agrees
to indemnify and hold the other  harmless from and against any and all claims or
liabilities  for  finder's  fees,  brokerage  commissions  or  similar  payments
incurred by reason of any action taken by it or its affiliates.

         12.  Counterparts;  Facsimile  Signature  Pages.  This Agreement may be
executed in one or more  counterparts,  and each of such counterparts  shall for
all purposes be deemed to be an  original,  but all such  counterparts  together
shall  constitute  but one  instrument.  This  Agreement  shall be  deemed to be
executed upon the exchange of executed facsimile  signature pages (with original
executed signature pages to follow by mail).

         13. Assignment. No party hereto shall assign its rights and obligations
under this Agreement or any part thereof, nor shall any party assign or delegate
any of its rights or duties  hereunder  without the prior written consent of the
other  party,  and any  assignment  made  without  such  consent  shall be void;
provided,  however,  that  without  the consent of the  Company,  the rights and
obligations  of CUCC  hereunder  may be  assigned  to and assumed by a direct or
indirect  wholly-owned  subsidiary of Citizens  Utilities Company (including any
direct or indirect  wholly-owned  subsidiary of Citizens  Utilities Company that
holds substantially all of the communications  assets and properties of Citizens
Utilities  Company,   the  stock  of  which  may  be  distributed  or  otherwise
transferred to some or all of the shareholders of Citizens  Utilities  Company).
Except as otherwise  provided  herein,  this Agreement shall be binding upon and
inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their  respective  successors and
permitted assigns.

         14. Governing Law; Forum; Consent to Jurisdiction. This Agreement shall
be  governed  by and  construed  in  accordance  with the  laws of the  State of
Delaware  without  giving effect to the  principles of conflict of laws thereof.
Each of the parties to this Agreement hereby irrevocably and unconditionally (i)
consent  to  submit  to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the State of

                                      -12-
<PAGE>

Delaware for any proceeding  arising in connection with this Agreement (and each
such party agrees not to commence any such  proceeding,  except in such courts),
(ii) to the extent such party is not a resident of the State of Delaware, agrees
to  appoint  an agent  in the  State  of  Delaware  as such  party's  agent  for
acceptance of legal process in any such  proceeding  against such party with the
same legal force and validity as if served upon such party personally within the
State of Delaware,  and to notify  promptly  each other party hereto of the name
and address of such agent,  (iii) waives any objection to the laying of venue of
any such proceeding in the courts of the State of Delaware, and (iv) waives, and
agrees not to plead or to make,  any claim that any such  proceeding  brought in
any court of the State of Delaware  has been brought in an improper or otherwise
inconvenient forum.

         15. Further Assurance.  If the holder of the Options shall exercise any
of the Options in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, from time to time
and without additional consideration, then the Company will execute and deliver,
or cause to be executed and  delivered,  such  additional or further  transfers,
assignments,  endorsements,  consents and other instruments as the holder of the
Options may reasonably  request for the purpose of effectively  carrying out the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

         16.  Entire  Agreement.  This  Agreement  shall  constitute  the entire
contract between the parties hereto and no party shall be liable or bound to the
other in any manner by any warranties or representations  except as specifically
set  forth  herein.   This  Agreement   supersedes  all  prior   agreements  and
understandings of the parties hereto in connection herewith  including,  without
limitation,  the Existing Option Agreements.  The parties hereto acknowledge and
agree  that as of the  date  hereof  CUCC  and its  affiliates  do not  hold any
options,  warrants  or rights to  purchase  any shares of Common  Stock,  or any
securities  convertible  into or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock, or any
preemptive  rights  to  acquire  shares of  Common  Stock or any stock  options,
warrants,  or other rights to purchase  Common Stock,  except for the Options as
set  forth  in this  Agreement  and  the  preemptive  rights  set  forth  in the
Replacement and Termination  Agreement,  dated as of the date hereof,  among the
Company, CUCC, and Citizens International Management Services Company.


            [THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

                                      -13-
<PAGE>



         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Amended,
Restated  and  Consolidated  Stock Option  Agreement  on the date first  written
above.


                                             HUNGARIAN TELEPHONE AND CABLE CORP.




                                             By: /s/Francis J. Busacca
                                             -------------------------
                                                 Francis J. Busacca, Jr.
                                                 Acting President and CEO,
                                                  Chief Financial Officer


                                             CU CAPITALCORP.



                                             By: /s/Daryl A. Ferguson
                                             -------------------------------
                                                 Name:  Daryl A. Ferguson
                                                 Title: President



  [SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDED, RESTATED AND CONSOLIDATED STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT]


                                      -14-

                                                                    Exhibit 99.1

                       Hungarian Telephone and Cable Corp.
================================================================================
100 First Stamford Place, Suite 204                     Kiralyhago U.2.
Stamford, CT  06902 - U.S.A.                            H-1126 Budapest, Hungary
Phone (203) 348-9069                                    Phone (36-1) 457-6300
Fax (203) 348-9128                                      Fax (36-1) 202-4778
================================================================================

FOR:              HUNGARIAN TELEPHONE AND CABLE CORP.

COMPANY
CONTACT:          Frank J. Busacca, Jr.
                  Chief Financial Officer
    Hungary:      (011) 361-457-6300
    U.S.:         (203) 348-9069

                                                           FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

                         HUNGARIAN TELEPHONE AND CABLE
                  REPORTS AN AGREEMENT WITH CITIZENS UTILITIES

STAMFORD,  Conn.,  September  11,  1998 -  Hungarian  Telephone  and Cable Corp.
(AMEX:HTC)  reported  today that its Board of Directors has reached an agreement
with  Citizens  Utilities  Company   ("Citizens")  (NYSE:  CZN)  to  settle  the
disagreements with Citizens with respect to the future of Hungarian  Telephone's
management services agreement with Citizens and Citizens' preemptive rights with
respect to HTC common stock.

         The  settlement,  which  is  subject  to the  execution  of  definitive
documentation,  provides for the issuance by Hungarian  Telephone to Citizens of
100,000 shares of HTC common stock and an $8.4 million note maturing in 2004 for
the  settlement  of the past  management  services  fees in the  amount  of $9.6
million accrued through June 30, 1998. The management services agreement will be
terminated.  Hungarian Telephone will enter into a consulting services agreement
with  Citizens.  Hungarian  Telephone  will pay a combined  termination  fee and
consulting  retainer  to  Citizens  in the  aggregate  amount of $21  million in
quarterly installments of $750,000 each beginning in 2004 and continuing through
2010.
                                     (more)


<PAGE>


HUNGARIAN TELEPHONE REPORTS
Page 2


         Furthermore,  going forward,  Citizens' only preemptive right will be a
30-day  right to  purchase  for cash such  number of shares of HTC common  stock
necessary  to  maintain   Citizens'  existing  58.9%  ownership  interest  on  a
fully-diluted  basis.  Citizens will maintain its accrued  preemptive  rights to
purchase 2.1 million  shares of HTC common stock at $13 per share,  which rights
will expire on July 1, 1999.  Citizens will also keep its options and warrant to
purchase an  aggregate  of  4,511,322  shares of HTCC common stock at prices per
share  ranging from $12.75 to $18.00,  which options and warrant shall expire on
September 12, 2000.

         Commenting on the settlement, Frank J. Busacca, Chief Financial Officer
and Acting President and Chief Executive Officer said, "We are extremely pleased
with the  settlement  with  Citizens.  We believe  this is a major event for our
Company.  The settlement not only vastly improves Hungarian  Telephone's current
cash flow, but it also enhances flexibility as we review strategic  alternatives
with  ABN-AMRO.  This is the  accomplishment  of the first  critical step in our
renewed effort to maximize shareholder value. We have also initiated discussions
regarding a  restructuring  of our  existing  vendor and credit  facilities  and
continue to be optimistic about a successful conclusion of those negotiations as
well."

         Hungarian  Telephone and Cable Corp.  is a provider of basic  telephone
services in five  defined  operating  regions of the  Republic  of Hungary.  The
Company  operates  through four Hungarian  subsidiaries  which have been granted
25-year  telecommunications  concessions  by  the  Hungarian  government.  These
concessions are exclusive through 2002.

                                      # # #


                                                                    Exhibit 99.2

                       Hungarian Telephone and Cable Corp.
================================================================================
100 First Stamford Place, Suite 204                     Kiralyhago U.2.
Stamford, CT  06902 - U.S.A.                            H-1126 Budapest, Hungary
Phone (203) 348-9069                                    Phone (36-1) 457-6300
Fax (203) 348-9128                                      Fax (36-1) 202-4778
================================================================================

FOR:              HUNGARIAN TELEPHONE AND CABLE CORP.

COMPANY
CONTACT:          Frank J. Busacca, Jr.
                  Chief Financial Officer
    Hungary:      (011) 361-457-6300
    U.S.:         (203) 348-9069

                                                           FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE


                          HUNGARIAN TELEPHONE AND CABLE
                 FINALIZES ITS AGREEMENT WITH CITIZENS UTILITIES

STAMFORD,  Conn.,  October  2,  1998  -  Hungarian  Telephone  and  Cable  Corp.
(AMEX:HTC)  reported  today that it has finalized the tentative  agreement  with
Citizens  Utilities Company  ("Citizens")  (NYSE:  CZN) previously  announced on
September 11, 1998 to settle the disagreements with Citizens with respect to the
future of Hungarian Telephone's  management services agreement with Citizens and
Citizens'  preemptive  rights  with  respect  to HTC  common  stock.  The  final
agreement was on substantially the same terms as those previously announced.

         Hungarian  Telephone and Cable Corp.  is a provider of basic  telephone
services in five  defined  operating  regions of the  Republic  of Hungary.  The
Company  operates  through four Hungarian  subsidiaries  which have been granted
25-year  telecommunications  concessions  by  the  Hungarian  government.  These
concessions are exclusive through 2002.

                                      # # #



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