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U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-KSB
(Mark One)
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31, 1997
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD
FROM ________________ TO _________________
Commission file number 0-27368
ORTEC INTERNATIONAL, INC.
(Exact name of small business issuer as specified in its charter)
DELAWARE 11-3068704
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
3960 BROADWAY
NEW YORK, NY 10032
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (212) 740-6999
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, $.001 par value
Class B Warrants to Purchase Shares of Common Stock at $15 per share
Check whether the issuer (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section
13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act during the past 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and
(2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes x No
Check if there is no disclosure of delinquent filers in response to Item 405 of
Regulation S-B contained in this form, and no disclosure will be contained, to
the best of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-KSB or any
amendment to this Form 10-KSB. [ ]
State issuer's revenues for its most recent fiscal year: None from operations.
The number of shares outstanding of the Registrant's common stock is 5,766,827
(as of 3/20/98). The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by
nonaffiliates of the Registrant was approximately $80,689,825 as of March 20,
1998.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE - None
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ORTEC INTERNATIONAL, INC.
INDEX TO ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-KSB
FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997
ITEMS IN FORM 10-KSB
Page
Facing page
Part I
Item 1. Business 1
Item 2. Properties 7
Item 3. Legal Proceedings None
Item 4. Submission of Matters to
a Vote of Security Holders None
Part II
Item 5. Market for the Registrant's Common Equity
and Related Stockholder Matters 8
Item 6. Plan of Operation 11
Item 7. Financial Statements 12
Item 8. Changes in and Disagreements with
Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure None
Part III
Item 9. Directors, Executive Officers, Promoters
and Control Persons; Compliance with
Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act 13
Item 10. Executive Compensation 17
Item 11 Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial
Owners and Management 19
Item 12. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions. 22
Item 13. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K 24
Signatures
Financial Statements F-1
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PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
INTRODUCTION
Ortec International, Inc. (the "Company") has developed a
proprietary technology which consists of a biologically active dressing to
stimulate the repair and regeneration of human skin. The Company's product is
intended to be utilized for the treatment of severe burn patients as well as for
other types of wound healing and for reconstructive and cosmetic surgery. The
Company believes that the successful regeneration of human skin creates the
potential for wide commercial application.
The Company is a development stage company and to date has not sold
any products. Its activities have been limited to human clinical tests of its
product and research and development under an exclusive license relating to the
Company's biological dressing. From March 12, 1991 (inception) to December 31,
1997, the Company spent an aggregate of $4,533,252 for research and development.
Of that total $1,178,836 was spent in 1997 and $964,864 was spent in 1996.
In order to create a clinically useful biological dressing, the
Company has duplicated the two major layers that form the human skin, the
epidermis and the dermis. Dr. Mark Eisenberg, of Sydney, Australia, an officer
and director of the Company and one of its largest shareholders, has been
involved in biochemical and clinical research at the University of New South
Wales in Australia for over twenty years, focusing primarily in treating the
symptoms of a unique disease called Epidermolysis Bullosa ("EB"). In 1987,
through his work on EB, Dr. Eisenberg first succeeded in growing epidermal
layers of human skin, which were successfully applied as an allograft (a
transplant other than with the patient's own skin) on an EB patient. Dr.
Eisenberg has since developed a biologically active dressing known as "Composite
Cultured Skin", consisting of both the dermal and epidermal layers.
The Company has received approval by the Food and Drug
Administration ("FDA") to conduct human clinical trials for the application of
its Composite Cultured Skin in the treatment of burn patients, in the treatment
of EB patients and in the treatment of donor site wounds. Donor sites are those
areas of the body from which healthy skin is taken and transplanted onto a wound
site (an "autograft" skin transplant), thus creating an additional wound at the
donor site which then has to be treated.
The human clinical trial program for the treatment of burn patients
is being conducted at a number of hospitals. The Company believes that if the
use of its Composite Cultured
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Skin is effective in these clinical trials, the Company will be able to secure
FDA approval for commercially marketing its product for the treatment of burn
patients.
The clinical trial program for the treatment of EB patients is
nearing completion. The patients enrolled in the trial were treated at
Rockefeller University Hospital in New York City pursuant to that hospital's
protocols approved by the FDA. After the required patient follow up to ascertain
the efficacy of these treatments, the Company expects to apply to the FDA for a
Humanitarian Use Device designation for EB. If such designation is made by the
FDA, the Company will thereafter apply to the FDA for a Humanitarian Use Device
exemption for its product, which, if granted, will enable the Company to begin
commercially marketing its product for the treatment of EB patients in a shorter
time than normally required for a full FDA premarket approval.
In December 1997, the FDA approved protocols of Washington Hospital
Center in Washington, D.C., for the use of the Company's Composite Cultured Skin
in a pilot clinical trial program for the treatment of patients with donor site
wounds. No patients are being enrolled for this clinical trial program because
the Company now proposes to seek FDA approval for the conduct of a pivotal
clinical trial for donor site wounds using a larger number of patients to be
treated at a number of hospitals. If the use of the Company's product is
effective in the treatment of the patients in such expanded clinical trial, the
time when the Company can seek FDA approval for commercially marketing its
product for the treatment of donor site wounds will be reduced from the time
that would otherwise be required if both the pilot and pivotal trials were
conducted.
The Company believes that its Composite Cultured Skin, if
successfully developed, will have wide commercial application for treatment of
severe burn patients, patients who suffer severe ulcerations and various skin
diseases (such as EB), patients with donor site wounds, venous ulcers and
diabetic ulcers, as well as for reconstructive and cosmetic surgery. There can
be no assurance that the Company's Composite Cultured Skin will be successfully
tested in future human clinical trials or that it can be marketed profitably.
See "Forward Looking Information May Prove Inaccurate."
The Company and a predecessor of the Company were organized in 1991
for the purpose of acquiring the Company's skin product from Dr. Mark Eisenberg
and to develop, test and market such product.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS
Specialized cells that are the primary components of human skin are
derived from infant foreskins obtained during routine circumcisions. The
epidermis is separated from the
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dermis and each of these layers is treated to release individual cells. These
cells in turn are separately cultured to reproduce a large number of identical
cells. The dermal fibroblast cells derived from the dermis are applied to a
cross linked bovine collagen sponge to form the dermal layer matrix. The
epidermal cells are grown on another layer of collagen, which, together with the
dermal layer, constitute the Composite Cultured Skin. The Company's Composite
Cultured Skin requires neither the patient's own cells nor cadaver skin and is
available for allograft replacement of damaged human skin and treatment of other
wounds. All tissue obtained by the Company for producing the Company's Composite
Cultured Skin is extensively screened and tested by independent laboratories for
the presence of potential pathogens and transmittable diseases.
PRODUCTION AND SUPPLY
In March 1996, the Company entered into a five-year lease with
Columbia University ("Columbia") for the Company's new laboratory and offices in
Columbia's new Audubon Biomedical Science and Technology Park in New York City
("Audubon"). Construction of the new laboratory and office facility was
completed in July 1996 and became fully operational in November 1996. The
Company is currently in the process of expanding its laboratory and office in
adjacent space leased by it at the Audubon facility. The Company uses its
laboratory to produce its Composite Cultured Skin for use in the FDA approved
human clinical trials and for further research to develop the Company's
proprietary technology for treatment of wounds.
The Company also has its own laboratory facility in Sydney,
Australia, where it conducts additional research and produces its Composite
Cultured Skin for use in Australia.
If the Company is successful in securing FDA approval to market and
sell its Composite Cultured Skin, the Company's ability to operate profitably
will depend on its ability to produce, or have produced for it by third party
producers, its Composite Cultured Skin in large quantities at a competitive
cost. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to construct and
equip a volume production facility to produce its Composite Cultured Skin at a
commercially viable cost, or that the Company will be able to enter into an
agreement with a third party to produce such product on terms acceptable to the
Company, if at all. Any manufacturing, whether by the Company or a third party
manufacturer, for any future commercial scale production of the Company's
Composite Cultured Skin, will have to be in compliance with the Good
Manufacturing Practices, as mandated by the FDA.
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RESEARCH
Most of the research and development for the Company's proprietary
technology is done at the Company's laboratory at the Audubon facility and its
laboratory in Sydney, Australia. In January 1997, the Company entered into an
agreement with the New Jersey Center for Biomaterials and Medical Devices (the
"New Jersey Center"), whereby the Company and the New Jersey Center collaborate
on research focusing on the development of collagen based biomaterials for soft
tissue repair, specifically targeting the development of a second generation
collagen matrix to be used for the production of the Company's Composite
Cultured Skin. The New Jersey Center is a cooperative research initiative
sponsored by the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Rutgers
University and the New Jersey Institute of Technology, and receives financial
support from the New Jersey Commission of Science and Technology. The Company
agreed to contribute $40,000 of the $100,000 cost of the research project and
has already paid $10,000 of its $40,000 commitment. The remainder of the
$100,000 cost will be contributed by the New Jersey Commission of Science and
Technology.
PATENTS AND PROPRIETARY RIGHTS
The Company has an exclusive worldwide license to use the
proprietary technology on which its Composite Cultured Skin is based and to
market any products developed from it, except for the treatment of EB patients
in Australia.
Eisenberg License Agreement
Pursuant to a license agreement (the "License Agreement") dated June
7, 1991, by and between the Company and Dr. Eisenberg, as modified in August,
1995, Dr. Eisenberg has granted the Company an exclusive worldwide license to
use the technology subject to certain limitations. The agreement expires in
2001, but may be automatically renewed by the Company for two additional ten
year periods.
Dr. Eisenberg has retained the exclusive right to use the technology
in Australia solely for nonprofit applications that are not competitive with the
Company's business. The Company has agreed to make its Composite Cultured Skin
available for treatment of EB patients in Australia on a cost basis.
Upon the expiration or earlier termination of the License Agreement,
Dr. Eisenberg will be entitled to the exclusive rights to the technology
licensed under the License Agreement. However, the Company will retain the
exclusive rights to all improvements to the technology developed during the
license period. If the License Agreement is terminated
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due to a breach by the Company, Dr. Eisenberg will also be entitled to the
rights to such improvements.
Patents
Dr. Eisenberg has been granted patents for the Company's Composite
Cultured Skin in the United States and in several foreign countries and is
prosecuting patent claims for it in others. There can be no assurance that such
patent may not be successfully challenged in court proceedings. Nor can there be
any assurance that any United States or foreign patents will provide any
commercial benefits to the Company.
Several of the Company's competitors, including Organogenesis, Inc.,
Advanced Tissue Sciences, Inc., Genzyme Tissue Repair Inc., Integra Life
Sciences and LifeCell Corporation, have been granted patents relating to their
particular artificial skin technologies. See "Competition."
GOVERNMENT REGULATION
The Company is subject to extensive government regulations. Products
for human treatment are subject to rigorous preclinical and clinical testing
procedures as a condition for approval by the FDA and by similar authorities in
foreign countries prior to commercial sale.
Pursuant to the Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act and regulations
promulgated thereunder, the FDA regulates the manufacture, distribution and
promotion of medical devices in the United States. The Company's Composite
Cultured Skin is subject to regulation as a medical device. Prior to commercial
release of the Company's product, premarket approval ("PMA") by the FDA will be
required. PMA entails proof of nontoxicity, safety and efficacy in human
clinical trials. Premarket approval is a lengthy and expensive process and there
can be no assurance that FDA approval will be obtained.
To obtain premarket approval, the Company must submit a PMA
application, supported by extensive data, including human clinical trial data,
and documentation to prove the safety and efficacy of the device. Pursuant to
applicable regulations, the FDA has 180 days to review a PMA application during
which time an advisory committee usually evaluates the application and makes
recommendations to the FDA. While the FDA has responded to PMA applications
within that time period, reviews usually occur over a significantly protracted
period of twelve to twenty-four months. A number of devices are never cleared
for marketing.
If human clinical trials of a proposed device are required and the
device presents significant risk, the manufacturer or distributor of the device
will have to file an Investigative
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Device Exemption ("IDE") application with the FDA prior to commencing such
trials. The IDE application must be supported by data, including the results of
animal and other testing. If the IDE application is approved, human clinical
trials may begin.
The Company intends to request from the FDA a Humanitarian Use
Device exemption for its product for the treatment of EB patients, which, if
granted, will enable the Company to begin commercially marketing its product for
the treatment of EB patients in a shorter time than normally required for a full
FDA premarket approval.
Any manufacturing, whether by the Company or by a third party
manufacturer, for any future commercial scale production of the Company's
Composite Cultured Skin, will have to be in compliance with the Good
Manufacturing Practices, as mandated by the FDA.
COMPETITION
The Company is aware of several companies engaged in the research
and development of replacement skin products, including Organogenesis, Inc. and
Genzyme Tissue Repair, Inc., both of Cambridge, Massachusetts, Advanced Tissue
Sciences, Inc. of La Jolla, California, LifeCell Corporation of Woodland, Texas,
and Integra Life Sciences of Plainsboro, New Jersey, all of which have been
granted patents relating to their particular skin replacement technologies.
The FDA panel reviewing Organogenesis' product for the treatment of
venous stasis ulcers and Advanced Tissue Science's product for the treatment of
diabetic ulcers has recommended FDA approval of such products for sale to the
public. Advanced Tissue Sciences also produces a non-absorbable biosynthetic
matrix, seeded with dermal fibroblast cells to act as a temporary wound covering
for severe burns before skin from an autograft procedure becomes available. This
product was approved for marketing by the FDA in March, 1997.
Genzyme Tissue Repair's and LifeCell's products are not regulated by
the FDA and are available commercially.
In 1991, Integra Life Sciences developed a product that consists of
a bovine collagen matrix covered with a layer of silicone. This product is
intended to act as an artificial dermis and requires an autograft several days
after treatment. In March 1996, the FDA approved for marketing INTEGRA(TM)
Artificial Skin, Dermal Regeneration Template(TM).
The Company believes that many of these companies may have greater
financial and other resources than the Company and most of them have conducted
and continue to conduct
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human clinical trials, some of which are at more advanced stages than the
Company's human clinical trials.
Except as set forth above, the Company is not aware of any skin
replacement product that has received PMA approval from the FDA.
In the area of chronic wound healing, many well known biotechnology
companies are developing products to treat wounds. These forms of therapies are
classified as biologics and therefore must meet more extensive regulatory
requirements than skin grafts, which are classified as devices. In December 1997
the FDA approved the commercial sale of Johnson & Johnson's Regranex, which is
used for the treatment of diabetic skin ulcers.
The Company feels that part of the efficacy of its technology is
based on its ability to deliver to the wound site a product that includes
epidermal cells and dermal cells. These delivered cells produce and deliver a
myriad of growth factors needed to treat chronic wounds as well as wounds from
burns.
No assurance can be given that other companies having greater
financial resources than the Company will not develop other skin regeneration or
wound healing technology that may be more effective than the Company's Composite
Cultured Skin, or that may make the Company's Composite Cultured Skin obsolete.
EMPLOYEES
The Company presently employs twenty people in the United States,
including three executive officers. The Company employs four persons, two
part-time (including Dr. Eisenberg), to work in its laboratory in Sydney,
Australia. The Company's United States and Australian staffs include seven
employees possessing either Ph.D. or M.D. degrees. The Company anticipates that
it will employ fifteen additional persons in 1998.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
In March 1996, the Company entered into a five-year lease with
Columbia University ("Columbia") for 5,765 square feet of space at 3960
Broadway, New York City, New York, in Columbia's new Audubon Biomedical Science
and Technology Park ("Audubon"). The Company relocated its executive offices to
its new laboratory facility in July 1996 and commenced operation of its
laboratory in such facility in November 1996. In April 1997 the Company
exercised its option provided in such lease to lease an additional 3,650 sq. ft.
of
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adjoining space which the Company is constructing for additional laboratory and
office facilities.
The Company pays rent of $10,809 per month for the original 5,765
square feet and will pay an additional $6,844 per month for the additional 3,650
square feet. The lease provides for increases in the year 2,000 and 2,001. The
Company also granted Columbia a warrant expiring March 10, 2001 to purchase
5,000 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $10 per share. The Company
has the option to renew the lease for an additional five year term at a modest
increase in base rent.
The Company leases approximately 5,000 square feet of space at
147-155 Queen Street, Beaconsfield, Sydney, Australia, in which the Company
operates a research laboratory to conduct its research and development
activities in Australia and to produce the Composite Cultured Skin used in the
operations conducted in Australia. The Company's lease expires in 2000. The
Company pays rent in Australian dollars, which at the current rate of exchange,
amounts to approximately US$33,000 per year. This space is rented from Dr. Mark
Eisenberg's father on terms that the Company believes are not less favorable to
it than for rental of similar space in Sydney, Australia, from non-related third
parties.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
None.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITYHOLDERS
None.
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE COMPANY'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
MARKET INFORMATION
From January 20, 1996 to May 28, 1996, the Company's publicly traded
securities were traded as units, each unit consisting of one share of Common
Stock, one Class A Warrant and one Class B Warrant (the "Units"), and were
listed on the NASDAQ SmallCap Market under the symbol "ORTCU". On May 17, 1996,
the components of the Units each became separately tradeable securities. The
Common Stock of the Company is currently trading on the NASDAQ SmallCap Market
under the symbol "ORTC". The following table
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sets forth the high and low sales prices of the Common Stock as reported by
NASDAQ for each full quarterly period from January 1996 through December 31,
1997.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
HIGH LOW
<S> <C> <C>
1996
Units
First Quarter (from date of inception,
January 19, 1996) $ 7 1/2 $ 5 3/4
Second Quarter (to May 28, 1996) 7 1/4 6
Common Stock
Second Quarter (from May 17, 1996) 6 5/8 4 3/4
Third Quarter 7 9/16 5 7/8
Fourth Quarter 10 1/2 7 1/2
1997
Common Stock
First Quarter 10 3/8 6
Second Quarter 9 6 3/4
Third Quarter 14 8 3/8
Fourth Quarter 15 10 7/8
</TABLE>
SECURITY HOLDERS
To the best knowledge of the Company, at March 20, 1998, there were
131 record holders of the Company's Common Stock. The Company believes that as
of September 1997 there were more than 1,000 beneficial owners of the Company's
Common Stock, most of whose shares are held in "street name."
DIVIDENDS
The Company has not paid, and has no current plans to pay, dividends
on its Common Stock.
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RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES
During the fourth quarter of 1997 the Company granted to three
employees and one non-employee director five year options under its Employee
Stock Option Plan to purchase an aggregate of 45,000 shares of Common Stock, at
an exercise price of $14.25 per share. Such grants were in consideration for
services rendered, and in the case of the director to be rendered, to the
Company.
During the fourth quarter of 1997 the Company granted to one entity
and its six designees four year warrants to purchase an aggregate of 37,500
shares of Common Stock, at an exercise price of $12.00 per share. Such warrants
are not exercisable until July 18, 1998 and were granted in consideration for
consulting services rendered to the Company.
During the fourth quarter of 1997 the Company granted five year
warrants to its three executive officers to purchase an aggregate of 240,000
shares of Common Stock, at an exercise price of $12.00 per share. Such warrants
were granted in consideration for services rendered to the Company. The exercise
of such warrants is contingent upon the occurrence of certain events. One of the
events occurred in February 1998 so that 55,000 of those warrants are now
vested. The events that would cause the other 185,000 warrants to vest have not
yet occurred.
In addition, during the fourth quarter of 1997 the Company granted
to two other persons five year warrants to purchase an aggregate of 11,000
shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $14.25 per share. Such warrants
were granted in consideration for services rendered to the Company by such two
persons.
On January 20, 1996, the Company granted "lock-up warrants" to 63
persons, entitling them to purchase an aggregate of 389,045 shares of the
Company's Common Stock at a price of $1.00 per share. The issuance of such
lock-up warrants was in consideration for such 63 persons' signing lock-up
agreements agreeing not to sell or transfer shares of the Company's Common
Stock, purchased by them in private placements at prices of $9.00 or more per
share, until January 20, 1997. All such warrants expire on January 18, 2000. At
different times during the fourth quarter of 1997, eight persons exercised such
warrants and purchased an aggregate of 13,302 shares of Common Stock at the
$1.00 per share exercise price. There were no underwriting discounts or
commissions given or paid in connection with any of the foregoing warrant
exercises.
The grant, offer and sale of all of the securities listed above were
sold without registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Act"), as they did not involve any public offering, pursuant to the provisions
of Section 4(2) of the Act.
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ITEM 6. PLAN OF OPERATION
OPERATIONS FOR THE NEXT TWELVE MONTHS
For the next twelve months the Company will continue to conduct the
human clinical trials now being conducted and initiate additional human trials
for additional applications of its Composite Cultured Skin, particularly for the
treatment of venous and diabetic ulcers. To that end, the Company has recruited
and intends to continue to recruit hospitals which will enroll the necessary
patients. The Company is expanding its office and laboratory facilities to
enable it to conduct additional research and development of its product,
including research for cryo-preservation and expanded production.
CASH REQUIREMENTS
The Company estimates that it has sufficient funds necessary to
operate through approximately March 2000. In the last quarter of 1997 the
Company received net proceeds of $10,168,756 as a result of the exercise of
1,073,780 of its publicly-traded Class A Warrants, which expired on December 31,
1997. The Company may have to secure additional funds prior to March 2000,
particularly if it conducts clinical trials with larger patient pools than
presently anticipated. The Company anticipates that after March 2000 it will
have to secure additional funds to complete its human clinical trials, to secure
FDA premarket approval for commercial sales and thereafter to produce and
market its Composite Cultured Skin in commercial quantities.
See "Forward Looking Information May Prove Inaccurate."
CLINICAL TRIALS AND PRODUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
The Company has spent $964,864 in 1996 and $1,178,836 in 1997, and
an aggregate of approximately $4,533,252 from its inception through December 31,
1997, for human clinical trials and for research and development. That amount
includes the salaries of its employees involved in producing the Composite
Cultured Skin, performing quality control, securing hospitals to participate in
the human clinical trials, monitoring the progress of the patients thereafter
and to prepare reports to be filed with the FDA. The Company anticipates that it
will be required to continue to spend additional funds for such purposes in 1998
in order to continue its human clinical trials now being conducted, to conduct
human clinical trials for other applications of the Company's Composite Cultured
Skin, continue its efforts to secure FDA premarket approval for commercial sales
and thereafter to produce and market its Composite Cultured Skin in commercial
quantities.
See "Forward Looking Information May Prove Inaccurate."
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NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES
The Company presently employs twenty-four people, including its
three executive officers. In addition to its executive officers, the Company
employs seventeen other persons in New York City. The Company employs four
persons, two part-time (including Dr. Mark Eisenberg), to work in its laboratory
in Sydney, Australia. The Company anticipates that it will employ fifteen more
persons in 1998.
ITEM 7. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Reference is made to the Financial Statements referred to in the
accompanying Index, setting forth the financial statements of the Company,
together with the report of Grant Thornton LLP, dated February 27, 1998.
ITEM 8. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON
ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
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PART III
ITEM 9. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, PROMOTERS AND CONTROL
PERSONS; COMPLIANCE WITH SECTION 16(a) OF THE EXCHANGE
ACT.
DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The directors and executive officers of the Company are as follows:
Name Age Position
- ---- --- --------
Steven Katz, Ph.D. 53 President, Chief Executive Officer and
Chairman of the Board of Directors
Dr. Mark Eisenberg 60 Senior Vice President, Research and
Development and Director
Ron Lipstein 42 Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Financial
Officer and Director
Alain M. Klapholz 41 Vice President, Operations and Director
Joseph Stechler 46 Director
Steven Lilien, Ph.D. 50 Director
Steven Katz, a founder of the Company, has been a director of the
Company since its inception in 1991 and was elected chairman of its Board of
Directors in September, 1994. He has been employed by the Company since 1991.
Dr. Katz has also been a professor of Economics and Finance at Bernard Baruch
College in New York City since 1972. He has a Ph.D. in Finance and Statistics as
well as an MBA and MS in Operations Research, both from New York University.
Dr. Mark Eisenberg, a founder of the Company, has been a director
and senior vice president of the Company since 1991. Dr. Eisenberg has also been
a consultant to the Company since June 1991. See "Dr. Eisenberg Consulting
Agreement". He has been a physician in private practice in Sydney, Australia,
since 1967. He is a member and co-founder of the Dystrophic Epidermolysis
Bullosa clinic at the Prince of Wales Hospital for children in Sydney,
Australia. He has done extensive research on EB disease and has published widely
on this subject in medical journals.
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Ron Lipstein, a founder of the Company, has been the secretary and
treasurer and a director of the Company since 1991. He has been employed by the
Company since 1991. Mr. Lipstein is a certified public accountant.
Alain M. Klapholz, a founder of the Company, has been a vice
president and a director of the Company since 1991. He has been employed by the
Company since September, 1991. Mr. Klapholz has an MBA from New York University.
Until December 14, 1998, Patterson Travis, Inc. ("Patterson Travis"), the
underwriter of the initial public offering of the Company's securities, has the
right to designate a director who will replace Mr. Klapholz. Patterson Travis
has not yet made such designation.
Joseph Stechler has been a director of the Company since 1992. He
has been president and CEO of Stechler & Company, an investment management firm,
since 1986, and from 1990 to January 1997, he was the general partner of Old
Ironsides Capital, L.P., an investment fund. Prior to 1986 he was a securities
analyst with several investment firms. Mr. Stechler has a JD degree from
Columbia University and an LLM degree in corporate law from New York University.
Steven Lilien was elected a director of the Company on February 10,
1998. He has been chairman of the accounting department of Bernard Baruch
College in New York City for the past eleven years.
EISENBERG CONSULTING AGREEMENT
Pursuant to a consulting agreement (the "Consulting Agreement")
dated June 7, 1991, as amended on September 1, 1992, between the Company and Dr.
Eisenberg, the Company has retained the services of Dr. Eisenberg as a
consultant until August 31, 2005.
Under the Consulting Agreement, Dr. Eisenberg devotes 20 hours per
week to the Company. The Company pays Dr. Eisenberg an annual fee at the rate of
$73,000 and $58 per hour for each hour in excess of twenty hours per week spent
by Dr. Eisenberg on the Company's affairs. Dr. Eisenberg's fee is subject to
annual increases based on certain formulas.
In addition, Dr. Eisenberg will receive a bonus in the event that
the Company files for the registration of any patent based on a significant
advance that has been developed under his supervision or direction and which the
Company's Board of Directors determines to have significant commercial
application. The amount of any such bonus shall be determined by the Board of
Directors of the Company, but shall not be less than $30,000 per patent
registration, provided that bonuses may not aggregate more than $60,000 during
any twelve-month period.
14
<PAGE> 17
Dr. Eisenberg has agreed not to compete with the Company until one
year after termination of the Consulting Agreement.
SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY BOARD
The Company has secured medical doctors expert in dermatology and
surgery and an expert in the field of development of biomedical and other health
care products, to serve on the Company's Scientific Advisory Board to advise the
Company in the further development of its technology and to provide guidance for
the Company's research strategy. The following persons are serving on the
Company's Scientific Advisory Board:
Dr. Richard Kronenthal--Chairman of the Company's Scientific
Advisory Board. The Company retains Dr. Kronenthal as a consultant
at a minimum annual fee of $60,000. As part of his consulting
services, Dr. Kronenthal has taken the major responsibility in
directing the Company's research and development efforts. Prior to
1989, Dr. Kronenthal was employed by Ethicon, Inc. ("Ethicon"), a
division of Johnson and Johnson, for more than 30 years, the last
four years as Ethicon's director of research and development. Prior
to his retirement in 1989, Dr. Kronenthal was responsible for
Ethicon's development of a variety of successful surgical products.
During his more than thirty years with Ethicon, Dr. Kronenthal held
increasingly responsible positions involving the worldwide
commercialization of products derived from collagen, as well as
synthetic absorbable and other materials. Since 1989, Dr. Kronenthal
has been president of Kronenthal Associates, Inc., which provides
technical and business consulting services for investors and
companies in the health care field.
Dr. Joseph McGuire -- Professor of Dermatology and Pediatrics at
Stanford University School of Medicine.
Dr. Andrew Salzberg -- of the Westchester Medical Center and
Co-Director of its burn unit. Dr. Salzberg is a plastic surgeon with
extensive experience in skin grafts.
The Company compensates the members of its Scientific Advisory Board
other than Dr. Kronenthal for their time and expenses only, with minimum
payments of $5,000 per year to each member. The Company has granted to the
following members of its Scientific Advisory Board warrants to purchase shares
of the Company's Common Stock at exercise prices ranging from $9.425 to $10 per
share: (i) to Dr. Salzberg, warrants expiring in August 1999 to purchase 2,660
shares,(ii) to Dr. McGuire, warrants expiring in April 2000 to purchase 2,000
shares and (iii) to Dr. Kronenthal, warrants expiring in March 2000 to purchase
2,000 shares. In addition, on April 1, 1996, the Company granted non-incentive
15
<PAGE> 18
stock options to Dr. Salzberg to purchase 10,000 shares, and to Dr. Kronenthal
to purchase 7,500 shares, at an exercise price of $6.00 per share. Such options
expire on April 1, 2001 and were granted for consulting services rendered by
Drs. Salzberg and Kronenthal to the Company.
MEDICAL ADVISORY BOARD
The Company has established a Medical Advisory Board to monitor the
efficacy of the Company's programs and procedures for the screening and testing
of potential pathogens and transmittable viruses in the Company's product. The
following persons are serving on the Company's Medical Advisory Board:
Dr. Aaron Glatt - Chief of Infectious Diseases at Catholic Medical
Center in Flushing, New York.
Dr. Andrew Salzberg - of the Westchester Medical Center and
Co-Director of its burn unit and a plastic surgeon with extensive
experience in skin grafting. Dr. Salzberg is also a member of the
Company's Scientific Advisory Board.
Dr. Alan Greenspan - a dermatologist in private practice in New York
City.
Dr. Suzanne Schwartz - employed by the Company as its medical
director.
Melvin Silberklang, Ph.D.- employed by the Company as Vice President
of Research and Development.
Nitya Ray, Ph.D. - employed by the Company as Director of Process
Development.
The Company compensates the three non-employee members of its
Medical Advisory Board in the amount of $5,000 per annum.
SECTION 16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE
To the best of the Company's knowledge, Dr. Steven Katz and Messrs.
Ron Lipstein and Alain Klapholz, each an executive officer and director of the
Company, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission one report on Form 4
during or for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997, later than the time
during which such report was required to be filed. Each such report was for the
receipt of options under the Company's Employee Stock Option Plan. To the best
of the Company's knowledge, all other Forms 3, 4 and 5 required to be filed in
the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997 were timely filed.
16
<PAGE> 19
ITEM 10. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The following table sets forth the Company's executive compensation
paid during the three fiscal years ended December 31, 1997, 1996 and 1995 for
the Chief Executive Officer and the Company's four other most highly compensated
employees whose cash compensation exceeded $100,000 (the "Named Officers").
SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
LONG TERM COMPENSATION
----------------------
ANNUAL COMPENSATION AWARDS PAYOUTS
------------------- ------ -------
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)
RE-
OTHER STRICTED PLAN ALL
NAME AND ANNUAL STOCK PAY- OTHER
PRINCIPAL SALARY BONUS COMPEN- AWARDS OPTIONS OUTS COMPEN
POSITION YEAR ($) ($) SATION ($) ($) (#) ($) SATION($)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Steven Katz 1997 $130,000 $45,000 $8,400* 155,000
Chief Executive 1996 162,451(1) 8,100* 50,000
Officer and 1995 74,000(2) 6,000*
President
Ron Lipstein 1997 $115,000 $30,000 $8,400* 80,000
Secretary, 1996 135,861(1) 8,100* 25,000
Treasurer and 1995 53,848(2) 6,000*
CFO
Alain Klapholz 1997 $115,000 $20,000 40,000
Vice President 1996 112,249(1) 3,500* 10,000
and Director 1995 86,871(2) 6,000*
Melvin Silberklang 1997 $104,000 $20,000 15,000
Vice President of 1996 104,000 7,500
Research and
Development
</TABLE>
- ----------------------
* In lieu of health insurance.
(1) Includes $37,986, $26,923 and $16,265, paid to Dr. Katz and Messrs.
Lipstein and Klapholz, respectively, in 1996 for compensation
payable to such persons in 1995, but deferred for lack of funds at
the Company's disposal at such time.
(2) Includes amounts for compensation payable to such persons in 1995,
but deferred to 1996 for lack of funds at the Company's disposal at
such time. See Note (1), above. Also includes $16,154 and $3,113,
paid to Messrs. Lipstein and Klapholz, respectively, in 1995 for
compensation payable to such persons in 1994, but deferred for lack
of funds at the Company's disposal at such time.
17
<PAGE> 20
BOARD COMPENSATION
During 1997, for services rendered and to be rendered by Mr. Joseph
Stechler as a director of the Company, Mr. Stechler was granted the following
options under the Company's Employee Stock Option Plan: for services rendered in
1997, a five-year option to purchase 10,000 shares of the Company's Common Stock
at an exercise price of $10.00 per share, and for services to be rendered in
1998 a five-year option to purchase 10,000 shares of the Company's Common Stock
at an exercise price of $14.25 per share. On February 10, 1998, upon his
becoming a director of the Company and for his services as a director, Dr.
Steven Lilien was granted a five-year option under the Company's Employee Stock
Option Plan to purchase 3,000 shares of the Company's Common Stock at an
exercise price of $12.00 per share.
OPTION GRANTS IN LAST FISCAL YEAR
The following table sets forth certain information regarding options
(which include warrants) granted during the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997
by the Company to the Named Officers:
INDIVIDUAL GRANTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Percent of
Total Options
Granted to Exercise Expira-
Options Employees in or Base tion
Name Granted Fiscal Year As To Price Date
---- ------- ----------- ----- ----- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
15,000 $ 9.25 07/28/02
Steven Katz 155,000 45.6% 140,000 $12.00 12/01/02
10,000 $ 9.25 07/28/02
Ron Lipstein 80,000 23.5% 70,000 $12.00 12/01/02
10,000 $ 9.25 07/28/02
Alain Klapholz 40,000 11.8% 30,000 $12.00 12/01/02
Melvin 15,000 4.4% 15,000 $14.25 12/02/02
Silberklang
</TABLE>
18
<PAGE> 21
The following table sets forth certain information regarding options
(which include warrants) exercisable during 1997 and the value of the options
held as of December 31, 1997 by the Named Officers. None of the Named Officers
exercised any options in 1997.
AGGREGATED OPTIONS EXERCISED IN LAST FISCAL YEAR
AND FISCAL YEAR END OPTION VALUE
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Value of Unexercised
Number of Unexercised Options In-the-Money Options
at Fiscal Year End at Fiscal Year End(1)
----------------------------- ------------------------------------
Name Exercisable Unexercisable Exercisable Unexercisable
---- ----------- ------------- ----------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Steven Katz 65,000 140,000 $315,345 $148,820
Ron Lipstein 35,000 70,000 174,705 174,410
Alain Klapholz 20,000 30,000 87,760 31,890
Melvin 7,500 15,000 45,473 (2)
Silberklang
</TABLE>
- ----------------------
(1) The difference between (x) the product of the unexercised options
and the exercise price of such options, less (y) the product of the
unexercised options and $13.063 (the closing price of the Company's
Common Stock on December 31, 1997, as listed on the Nasdaq SmallCap
Market).
(2) Such options were out-of-the-money as of December 31, 1997.
ITEM 11. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND
MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth certain information regarding
beneficial ownership of the Company's Common Stock as of March 20, 1998 by (i)
each person (or group of affiliated persons) who is known by the Company to own
beneficially more than 5% of the outstanding shares of its Common Stock, (ii)
each director of the Company, and (iii) all executive officers and directors of
the Company as a group. Except as indicated in the footnotes to this table, the
persons named in this table have sole voting and investment power with respect
to all shares of Common Stock shown as beneficially owned by them.
19
<PAGE> 22
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Amount and
Nature of Percentage of
Name and Address of Beneficial Outstanding Shares
Beneficial Owner * Ownership** Owned
- ------------------- ----------- ------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Steven Katz 323,357(1) 5.5%
Mark Eisenberg 598,000 10.4
Ron Lipstein 332,606(2) 5.7
Alain Klapholz 333,607(3) 5.8
Joseph Stechler 927,066(4) 15.1
Steven Lilien 3,000(5) ***
Soros Fund Management, LLC, 823,800(6) 14.3
888 Seventh Ave., 33rd Fl.
New York, NY 10106
Dawson-Samberg 542,679(7) 9.4
354 Pequot Avenue
Southport, CT 06490
The Travelers Indemnity Company 307,692 5.3
One Tower Square
Hartford, CT 06183
All officers and directors as a
group (six persons) 2,517,836(1)(2)(3)(4)(5) 9.9%
</TABLE>
- -----------
* The addresses of all of the persons in the foregoing table, unless
otherwise indicated, are at the Company's offices, 3960 Broadway,
New York, NY 10032.
** The number of Shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by each
person or entity is determined under rules promulgated by the
Commission. Under such rules, beneficial ownership includes any
shares as to which the person or entity has sole or
(footnotes continued on following page)
20
<PAGE> 23
shared voting power or investment power. Included among the shares
owned by such person are any shares which such person or entity has
the right to acquire within 60 days after March 20, 1997. Unless
otherwise indicated, each person or entity referred to above has
sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares listed.
The inclusion herein of any shares deemed beneficially owned does
not constitute an admission of beneficial ownership of such shares.
*** Less than one percent.
(1) Includes 95,000 shares issuable to Dr. Katz upon his exercise of
outstanding options and warrants.
(2) Includes 36,000 shares owned by Mr. Lipstein's children. Mr.
Lipstein disclaims any beneficial interest in such 36,000 shares.
Also includes 45,000 shares issuable to Mr. Lipstein upon his
exercise of outstanding options and warrants.
(3) Includes 36,000 shares owned by Mr. Klapholz' children. Mr. Klapholz
disclaims any beneficial interest in such 36,000 shares. Also
includes 35,000 shares issuable to Mr. Klapholz upon his exercise of
outstanding options and warrants.
(4) Includes shares owned by Stechler & Company. Also includes 366,636
shares to be issued by the Company to Mr. Stechler or Stechler &
Company upon their exercise of outstanding warrants and options,
79,206 of which are exercisable at $1.00 per share and expire
January 19, 2000, and the remainder of which are exercisable at
prices ranging from $7.87 to $15.00 per share and expiring from
December 31, 1998 (as to 86,930 warrants) to December 1, 2002. Does
not include 911,500 shares held in investment accounts for clients
of Stechler & Company. Stechler & Company's investment power over
such investment accounts may be terminated at any time by such
clients.
(5) Consists of options granted under the Company's Stock Option Plan.
(6) Includes 823,800 shares of Common Stock held for the account of
Quasar International Partners, C.V. ("Quasar"). Soros Fund
Management LLC ("SFM LLC") serves as principal investment manager to
Quasar and as such, has been granted investment discretion over such
shares of Common Stock. Stechler & Company currently exercises
investment discretion over the 823,800 shares of Common Stock held
for the account of Quasar pursuant to an investment advisory
contract entered into with SFM LLC, which is terminable within sixty
days.
(7) Shares held by two investment funds. The Company believes that
Dawson-Samberg has sole or shared investment and/or voting power for
these shares. Includes 31,153 shares issuable upon exercise of
outstanding warrants.
21
<PAGE> 24
ITEM 12. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
PLACEMENT AGENTS
In November 1996, the Company completed a private placement of its
securities (the "1996 Private Placement"). The offer and sale of the shares in
the 1996 Private Placement was made by the Company, acting through its officers
and directors, and certain placement agents, one of which was Joseph Stechler.
Mr. Stechler is a director of the Company. The Company paid each placement
agent, including Mr. Stechler, cash commissions of 7% of the purchase price for
each share sold in the 1996 Private Placement by such person and, in addition to
such cash commissions, granted five year warrants to such placement agent to
purchase such number of shares of Common Stock equal to 10% of the number of
shares of Common Stock sold by such Placement Agent, exercisable at prices equal
to 120% of the prices paid for such shares (the "1996 Private Placement
Warrants"). As compensation for his services as a placement agent in connection
with the 1996 Private Placement, Mr. Stechler received approximately $140,000 as
cash compensation and 30,500 1996 Private Placement Warrants. None of the
Company's other directors received any compensation in connection with the 1996
Private Placement.
LICENSE AND CONSULTING AGREEMENTS
See "Business -- Patents and Proprietary Rights" for a description
of the license agreement between Dr. Mark Eisenberg and the Company for use of
the technology used to produce the Company's Composite Cultured Skin. See also
"Eisenberg Consulting Agreement."
LOAN REPAYMENTS
In January 1996, from the net proceeds received by the Company from
the initial public offering of its securities, $319,500 was used to repay loans
made to the Company from June through November 1, 1995 by Dr. Steven Katz
($196,500), by Dollspart Supply Co., Inc., which is wholly owned by Mr. Ron
Lipstein ($50,000), and by Mr. Judah Wernick ($73,000), who is affiliated with
the underwriter of such initial public offering. Mr. Wernick was paid interest
at the rate of 12% per annum on his loan. The loans from Dr. Katz and Dollspart
Supply were non interest bearing.
EXTENSION OF EXPIRATION DATE OF CLASS A WARRANTS
On July 1, 1997, the Company's Board of Directors extended the
expiration date of the Company's publicly traded Class A Warrants from July 19,
1997 to November 3, 1997, and on October 29, 1997, the Board of Directors again
extended the expiration date of such
22
<PAGE> 25
Class A Warrants to December 31, 1997. Mr. Joseph Stechler, a director of the
Company, was an owner of Class A Warrants.
In consideration for services rendered by him as a director of the
Company in the five year period from 1992 to 1996 for which he never received
compensation, the Company extended by one year to December 31, 1998 the
expiration date of warrants owned by Mr. Stechler to purchase an aggregate of
86,930 shares, exercisable at $9.425 per share.
FORWARD LOOKING INFORMATION
MAY PROVE INACCURATE
This Annual Report on Form 10-KSB contains certain forward-looking
statements and information relating to the Company that are based on the beliefs
of Management, as well as assumptions made by and information currently
available to the Company. When used in this document, the words "anticipate,"
"believe," "estimate," and "expect" and similar expressions, as they relate to
the Company, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such
statements reflect the current views of the Company with respect to future
events and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions,
including those described in this Annual Report on Form 10-KSB. Should one or
more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying
assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those
described herein as anticipated, believed, estimated or expected. The Company
does not intend to update these forward-looking statements.
23
<PAGE> 26
ITEM 13. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
Exhibit No. Description
- ----------- -----------
3.1 Agreement of Merger of the Skin Group, Ltd. and
the Company dated July 9, 1992 (1)
3.2 Original Certificate of Incorporation (1)
3.3 By-Laws (1)
4.1 Form of Certificate evidencing shares of Common
Stock (1)
4.2 Form of Underwriter's Option (1)
4.3 Form of Warrant Agreement for the publicly held
Class B Common Stock Purchase Warrants(1)
4.4 Form of Certificate for public Class B Warrants
filed as Exhibit B to Exhibit 4.3 (1)
10.1 License Agreement dated as of June 7, 1991, by and
between the Company and Dr. Mark Eisenberg (1)
10.2 Agreement for Consulting Services dated as of June
7, 1991 by and between the Company and Dr. Mark
Eisenberg (1)
10.3 Modification of Exhibit 10.1 (1)
10.4 Lease with Columbia University dated March 14,
1996, for space in 3960 Broadway, New York, New
York(2)
27* Financial Data Schedule
99 FDA approval for human clinical trials (1)
- --------------
* Filed herewith
(1) Filed as an Exhibit to the Company's Registration Statement on Form
SB-2 (File No. 33- 96090), or Amendment 1 thereto, and incorporated
herein by reference.
(2) Filed as an Exhibit to the Company's 1995 Annual Report on Form
10-KSB, and incorporated herein by reference.
24
<PAGE> 27
b. REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
No reports on Form 8-K were filed during the last quarter of 1997.
25
<PAGE> 28
SIGNATURES
In accordance with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the
registrant has caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereto duly authorized.
Registrant:
ORTEC INTERNATIONAL, INC.
By: /s/ Steven Katz
-------------------------
Steven Katz, Ph.D.
President and Chief
Executive Officer
Dated: March 31, 1998
In accordance with the Exchange Act, this report has been signed
below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities
and on the dates indicated.
SIGNATURE TITLE DATE
--------- ----- ----
/s/ Steven Katz President, Chief Executive March 31, 1998
- ---------------------- Officer and Director (Principal
Steven Katz, Ph.D. Executive Officer)
- ---------------------- Senior Vice President, Research
Dr. Mark Eisenberg and Development and Director
/s/ Ron Lipstein Chief Financial Officer, Secretary, March 31, 1998
- ---------------------- Treasurer and Director (Principal
Ron Lipstein Financial and Accounting Officer)
/s/ Alain M. Klapholz Vice President, Operations March 31, 1998
- ---------------------- and Director
Alain M. Klapholz
/s/ Joseph Stechler Director March 31, 1998
- ----------------------
Joseph Stechler
Director
- ----------------------
Steven Lilien
<PAGE> 29
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Page
----
<S> <C>
Report of Independent Certified Public Accountants F-2
Financial Statements
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1997 and 1996 F-3
Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996,
and for the cumulative period from March 12, 1991 (inception) to
December 31, 1997 F-5
Statement of Shareholders' Equity for the cumulative
period from March 12, 1991 (inception) to
December 31, 1997 F-6
Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996,
and for the cumulative period from March 12, 1991 (inception) to
December 31, 1997 F-9
Notes to Financial Statements F-11 - F-35
</TABLE>
F-1
<PAGE> 30
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT CERTIFIED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
Board of Directors and Stockholders
ORTEC INTERNATIONAL, INC.
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Ortec International, Inc. (a
development stage enterprise) (the "Company") as of December 31, 1997 and 1996,
and the related statements of operations, shareholders' equity and cash flows
for the years then ended and for the period from March 12, 1991 (inception) to
December 31, 1997. These financial statements are the responsibility of the
Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the financial position of Ortec International, Inc. at
December 31, 1997 and 1996, and the results of its operations and its cash flows
for each of the two years then ended and for the period from March 12, 1991
(inception) to December 31, 1997, in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles.
GRANT THORNTON LLP
New York, New York
February 27, 1998
F-2
<PAGE> 31
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
BALANCE SHEETS
December 31,
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ASSETS 1997 1996
------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C>
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents $ 9,532,257 $ 7,453,229
Cash held at transfer agent 2,418,436
Marketable securities 1,584,035
Prepaid expenses 7,616
Other current assets 7,075 1,958
------------ ------------
Total current assets 13,541,803 7,462,803
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, AT COST
Laboratory equipment 602,697 578,530
Office furniture and equipment 323,871 170,830
Leasehold improvements 675,906 462,995
------------ ------------
1,602,474 1,212,355
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization (606,243) (321,646)
------------ ------------
996,231 890,709
OTHER ASSETS
Patent application costs, net of accumulated
amortization of $31,047 in 1997 and $1,210 in 1996 406,166 409,147
Deposits and other assets 54,214 29,266
------------ ------------
$ 14,998,414 $ 8,791,925
============ ============
</TABLE>
F-3
<PAGE> 32
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
BALANCE SHEETS (CONTINUED)
December 31,
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
LIABILITIES AND
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 1997 1996
------------ ------------
CURRENT LIABILITIES
<S> <C> <C>
Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 183,270 $ 459,386
Accrued compensation 101,553 39,658
Accrued professional fees 109,717 64,662
Accrued interest 57,903 6,691
Capital lease obligation - current 43,102 5,738
Loan payable - current 63,547 38,018
------------ ------------
Total current liabilities 559,092 614,153
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES
Capital lease obligation - noncurrent 34,608 9,846
Loan payable - noncurrent 688,096 450,928
------------ ------------
Total long-term liabilities 722,704 460,774
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Common stock, $.001 par value; authorized,
10,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding,
5,760,734 shares at December 31, 1997 and
4,601,963 shares at December 31, 1996 5,761 4,602
Additional paid-in capital 26,397,307 15,573,183
Deficit accumulated during the development
stage (12,686,450) (7,860,787)
------------ ------------
13,716,618 7,716,998
------------ ------------
$ 14,998,414 $ 8,791,925
============ ============
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
F-4
<PAGE> 33
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CUMULATIVE
FROM
MARCH 12,
1991
Year ended December 31, (INCEPTION) TO
------------------------------- DECEMBER 31,
1997 1996 1997
------------ ------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenue
Interest income $ 291,602 $ 171,057 $ 529,817
------------ ------------ ------------
Expenses
Research and development 1,178,836 964,864 4,533,252
Rent 166,498 85,076 329,447
Consulting 474,908 261,633 1,232,304
Personnel 1,901,409 730,357 3,776,807
General and administrative 1,320,488 727,192 3,154,860
Interest and other expense 75,126 51,703 189,597
------------ ------------ ------------
5,117,265 2,820,825 13,216,267
------------ ------------ ------------
Net loss $ (4,825,663) $ (2,649,768) $(12,686,450)
============ ============ ============
Net loss per share of common stock
Basic and diluted $ (1.01) $ (.64) $ (4.44)
============ ============ ============
Weighted average common stock outstanding
Basic and diluted 4,782,239 4,110,507 2,857,126
============ ============ ============
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
F-5
<PAGE> 34
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Deficit
accumulated
Common stock Additional during the Total
------------------------ paid-in development shareholders'
Shares Amount capital stage equity
----------- ---------- ----------- ---------- --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
March 12, 1991 (inception) to December 31, 1991
Issuance of stock
Founders 1,553,820 $ 1,554 $ (684) $ 870
First private placement ($.30 cash per share) 217,440 217 64,783 65,000
The Director ($1.15 and $5.30 cash per share) 149,020 149 249,851 250,000
Second private placement ($9.425 cash per share) 53,020 53 499,947 500,000
Share issuance expenses (21,118) (21,118)
Net loss $ (281,644) (281,644)
----------- ---------- ----------- ---------- ---------
Balance at December 31, 1991 1,973,300 1,973 792,779 (281,644) 513,108
Issuance of stock
Second private placement ($9.425 cash per share) 49,320 49 465,424 465,473
Stock purchase agreement with the Director ($9.425
cash per share) 31,820 32 299,966 299,998
Share issuance expenses (35,477) (35,477)
Net loss (785,941) (785,941)
----------- ---------- ----------- ---------- ---------
Balance at December 31, 1992 (carried forward) 2,054,440 2,054 1,522,692 (1,067,585) 457,161
</TABLE>
F-6
<PAGE> 35
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (CONTINUED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Deficit
accumulated
Common stock Additional during the Total
--------------------------- paid-in development shareholders'
Shares Amount capital stage equity
----------- ----------- ----------- ------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
(brought forward) 2,054,440 $ 2,054 $ 1,522,692 $(1,067,585) $ 457,161
Issuance of stock
Third private placement ($10.00 cash per share) 132,150 132 1,321,368 1,321,500
Stock purchase agreement with Home
Insurance Company ($9.00 cash per share) 111,111 111 999,888 999,999
Stock purchase agreement with the Director
($9.425 cash per share) 21,220 21 199,979 200,000
Shares issued in exchange for commission
($10.00 value per share) 600 1 5,999 6,000
Share issuance expenses (230,207) (230,207)
Net loss (1,445,624) (1,445,624)
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Balance at December 31, 1993 2,319,521 2,319 3,819,719 (2,513,209) 1,308,829
Issuance of stock
Fourth private placement ($10.00 cash per share) 39,451 40 397,672 397,712
Stock purchase agreement with Home
Insurance Company ($10.00 cash per share) 50,000 50 499,950 500,000
Share issuance expenses (8,697) (8,697)
Net loss (1,675,087) (1,675,087)
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Balance at December 31, 1994 2,408,972 2,409 4,708,644 (4,188,296) 522,757
Rent forgiveness 40,740 40,740
Net loss (1,022,723) (1,022,723)
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Balance at December 31, 1995 (carried forward) 2,408,972 2,409 4,749,384 (5,211,019) (459,226)
</TABLE>
F-7
<PAGE> 36
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (CONTINUED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Deficit
accumulated
Common stock Additional during the Total
---------------------------- paid-in development shareholders'
Shares Amount capital stage equity
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
(brought forward) 2,408,972 $ 2,409 $ 4,749,384 $ (5,211,019) $ (459,226)
Initial public offering 1,200,000 1,200 5,998,800 6,000,000
Exercise of warrants 33,885 34 33,851 33,885
Fifth private placement ($6.49 cash per share) 959,106 959 6,219,838 6,220,797
Share issuance costs (1,580,690) (1,580,690)
Stock options issued for services 152,000 152,000
Net loss (2,649,768) (2,649,768)
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Balance at December 31, 1996 4,601,963 4,602 15,573,183 (7,860,787) 7,716,998
Exercise of warrants 1,158,771 1,159 10,821,632 10,822,791
Share issuance costs (657,508) (657,508)
Stock options and warrants issued for services 660,000 660,000
Net loss (4,825,663) (4,825,663)
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Balance at December 31, 1997 5,760,734 $ 5,761 $ 26,397,307 $(12,686,450) $ 13,716,618
============ ============ ============ ============ ============
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.
F-8
<PAGE> 37
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CUMULATIVE
FROM
MARCH 12,
1991
Year ended December 31, (INCEPTION) TO
-------------------------------- DECEMBER 31,
1997 1996 1997
------------ ------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss $ (4,825,663) $ (2,649,768) $(12,686,450)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash
used in operating activities
Deferred occupancy costs (1,327)
Depreciation and amortization 314,433 152,290 647,527
Unrealized (gain) loss on marketable securities (55,800) 11,404
Realized loss on marketable securities 5,250
Non-cash stock compensation and interest 660,000 152,000 812,000
Purchases of marketable securities (1,528,235) (1,528,235)
(Increase) decrease in assets
Prepaid expenses 7,616 (7,616)
Other current assets (5,117) (1,901) (7,075)
Increase (decrease) in liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (110,356) 133,715 540,270
------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash used in operating activities (5,543,122) (2,222,607) (12,205,309)
------------ ------------ ------------
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment, excluding
capital leases (303,053) (884,093) (1,515,408)
Payments for patent applications (26,856) (40,757) (437,213)
Organization costs (10,238)
Deposits (22,965) (25,210) (52,231)
Purchases of marketable securities (594,986)
Sale of marketable securities 522,532
------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash used in investing activities (352,874) (950,060) (2,087,544)
------------ ------------ ------------
</TABLE>
F-9
<PAGE> 38
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CUMULATIVE
FROM
MARCH 12,
1991
Year ended December 31, (INCEPTION) TO
-------------------------------- DECEMBER 31,
1997 1996 1997
------------ ------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of notes payable $ 515,500
Proceeds from issuance of common stock $ 8,404,355 $ 12,254,682 25,659,590
Share issuance expenses (657,508) (1,580,690) (2,527,697)
Proceeds from issuance of loans payable 325,850 500,000 825,850
Repayment of capital lease obligations (24,940) (4,554) (29,494)
Repayment of loan payable (72,733) (30,406) (103,139)
Repayment of notes payable (515,500) (515,500)
------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash provided by financing activities 7,975,024 10,623,532 23,825,110
------------ ------------ ------------
NET INCREASE IN CASH AND
CASH EQUIVALENTS 2,079,028 7,450,865 9,532,257
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 7,453,229 2,364 --
------------ ------------ ------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 9,532,257 $ 7,453,229 $ 9,532,257
============ ============ ============
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Noncash financing activities
Capital lease obligations $ 100,367 $ 18,536 $ 118,903
Deferred offering costs included in
accrued professional fees 314,697
Forgiveness of rent payable 40,740
Cash paid for interest 47,884 14,792 62,676
Cash paid for income taxes 20,529 1,120 21,649
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
F-10
<PAGE> 39
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE A - FORMATION OF THE COMPANY AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Formation of the Company
Ortec International, Inc. ("Ortec" or the "Company") was incorporated in
March 1991 as a Delaware corporation to secure and provide funds for the
further development of the technology developed by Dr. Mark Eisenberg of
Sydney, Australia, to replicate in the laboratory, composite cultured skin
for use in skin transplant procedures (the "Technology"). Pursuant to a
license agreement dated June 7, 1991, Dr. Eisenberg has granted Ortec a
license for a term of ten years, which may be automatically renewed by
Ortec for two additional ten-year periods, to commercially use and exploit
the Technology for the development of products, subject to certain
limitations. At the expiration or earlier termination of the agreement, Dr.
Eisenberg is entitled to the exclusive rights in the Technology, and Ortec
is entitled to the exclusive rights to all improvements to the Technology
developed during the license period.
The Skin Group, Ltd. (the "Skin Group") also was formed as a Delaware
corporation, in March 1991, to raise funds for development of the
Technology. On July 27, 1992, the Skin Group was merged with and into
Ortec. Owners of Skin Group shares were given .83672 of an Ortec share for
each Skin Group share. The merger was accounted for as if it were a pooling
of interests and, accordingly, the accompanying financial statements
include the accounts of the Skin Group for all periods presented.
Basis of Presentation
The Company is a development stage enterprise, and has neither realized any
operating revenue nor has any assurance of realizing any future operating
revenue. Successful future operations depend upon the successful
development and marketing of the Composite Cultured Skin to be used in skin
replacement procedures.
F-11
<PAGE> 40
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE A (CONTINUED)
Initial Public Offering
On January 19, 1996, the Company completed an initial public offering
("IPO") of 1,200,000 units. Each unit consists of one share of the
Company's common stock, one Class A warrant to purchase one share of common
stock at $10, expiring July 1997 and one Class B warrant to purchase one
share of common stock at $15, expiring January 1999. The Class A and B
warrants will be redeemable by the Company at $.01 per warrant, if the
market price of the Company's common stock equals or exceeds $10 for 10
consecutive trading days during a specified period, as defined.
The IPO raised gross proceeds of approximately $6,000,000, of which
$800,000, $537,500 and approximately $315,000 were used to pay underwriting
commissions, notes payable and deferred offering costs, respectively,
thereby providing the Company with net proceeds of approximately
$4,347,500. The Company intends to use the proceeds for continued research
and development of composite cultured skin transplants, performing human
clinical trials and general corporate purposes.
NOTE B - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
1. Research and Development Costs
All research and development costs, including payments related to
licensing agreements on products under development and research
consulting agreements, are expensed when incurred.
2. Depreciation and Amortization
Property and equipment are carried at cost, less any grants received
for construction. In 1996, the Company received a $400,000 grant toward
the construction of its new laboratory and office facilities (see Note
I). No grant was received in 1997.
Office furniture and equipment and laboratory equipment are depreciated
on the straight-line basis over the estimated lives of the assets (5
years). Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the
term of the related lease or life of the asset.
F-12
<PAGE> 41
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE B (CONTINUED)
3. Patent Application Costs
Patent application costs relate primarily to the Company's U.S. patent
application and consist of legal fees and other direct fees incurred
therefor. The recoverability of the patent application costs is
dependent upon, among other matters, obtaining FDA approval for use on
the underlying technology as a medical device, and such approval is
both costly and lengthy. On December 10, 1996, the U.S. Patent Office
reissued the Company's composite cultured skin patent.
4. Foreign Currency Translation
The Company conducts research and development at its laboratory in
Sydney, Australia. However, because all Australian expenditures are
funded from the United States, the Company has determined that the
functional currency of its Australian office is the U.S. dollar.
Accordingly, current assets and current liabilities are translated
using the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date, and income
and expense accounts are translated at the average rate in effect
during the year. Unrealized gains and losses arising from the
translation of foreign currency are included in the results of
operations for all periods presented. Noncurrent assets are translated
at historical rates.
5. Use of Estimates
In preparing financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles, management is required to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities
and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the
financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from
those estimates.
F-13
<PAGE> 42
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE B (CONTINUED)
6. Income Taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated
future tax consequences attributable to differences between the
financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities
and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which those
temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The
effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates
is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
7. Cash and Cash Equivalents
For purposes of the statement of cash flows, the Company considers all
highly liquid debt instruments purchased with original maturities of
three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist
principally of money market funds. The market value of the cash
equivalents approximates cost.
8. Certain Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year's financial
statements in order to conform to the December 31, 1997 presentation.
9. Net Loss Per Share
Net loss per common share is based on the weighted-average number of
common shares outstanding during the periods.
F-14
<PAGE> 43
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE B (CONTINUED)
As of December 31, 1997, the Company has adopted the provisions of
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128 ("SFAS No. 128"),
"Earnings Per Share." Basic earnings per share exclude dilution and are
computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the
weighted-average common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted
earnings per share reflect the weighted-average common shares
outstanding plus the potential dilutive effect of securities or
contracts which are convertible to common shares, such as options,
warrants, and convertible preferred stock.
Options and warrants to purchase shares of common stock of 276,000 and
917,886, respectively, remain outstanding at December 31, 1997, but
were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because to do so
would have been antidilutive for the periods presented. See Notes G and
H.
10. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company reviews long-lived assets and certain identifiable
intangibles held and used for possible impairment whenever events or
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset
may not be recoverable. The Company has determined that no provision is
necessary for the impairment of long-lived assets at December 31, 1997.
11. Marketable Securities
The Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.
115, "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities"
("SFAS No. 115"), on January 1, 1994. Investments pursuant to SFAS No.
115 are classified in three categories. Those securities classified as
"trading" or "available for sale" are reported at fair value. Debt
securities classified as "held to maturity" are reported at amortized
cost. At December 31, 1997, marketable securities consist primarily of
investments in United States Treasury Bills and FNMA Treasury Notes and
are classified as "trading."
F-15
<PAGE> 44
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE C - CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK
The Company maintains cash and cash equivalent balances and marketable
securities at three financial institutions located in New York City. The
accounts are insured by the Securities Investors Protection Corporation up
to $500,000 and the FDIC up to $100,000. Uninsured balances aggregate to
approximately $12,406,000 and $6,500,000 at December 31, 1997 and 1996,
respectively. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts
and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk.
NOTE D - PATENTS
Patent application costs are stated at cost less amortization computed by
the straight-line method principally over 14 years. Accumulated
amortization related to the patent was approximately $31,000 and $1,200 at
December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively.
There can be no assurance that such patent reissued may not be successfully
challenged in court proceedings. Nor can there be any assurance that any
patent will provide commercial benefits to the Company.
NOTE E - CAPITAL LEASE OBLIGATION
The Company has entered into several capital lease agreements with terms of
two to three years at effective interest rates ranging from 4.81% to
15.88%. The future minimum lease payments and the present value of the net
minimum lease payments as of December 31, 1997 are as follows:
F-16
<PAGE> 45
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE E (CONTINUED)
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Year ending December 31,
1998 $49,201
1999 30,881
2000 6,184
-------
Total minimum lease payments 86,266
Less amount representing interest 8,556
-------
Present value of net minimum lease payments $77,710
=======
Current portion $43,102
Noncurrent portion 34,608
-------
$77,710
=======
</TABLE>
The Company has recorded $118,903 and $18,536 in equipment purchased under
capital lease and $35,792 and $3,604 in accumulated amortization as of
December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively.
NOTE F - LOAN PAYABLE
During 1996, the Company obtained a loan from the landlord of its new
laboratory for the construction of, and equipment for, the leased facility.
During 1997, the Company modified the terms of the loan as a result of
increased build-out costs incurred in the construction of the facility. An
adjustment has been made in 1997 to record additional interest and
principal. The adjusted loan payments are due in monthly installments of
$10,103 through July 2006, with interest payable monthly at the effective
rate of 7.98%.
F-17
<PAGE> 46
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE F (CONTINUED)
Minimum payments to be made under the terms of the loan are as follows:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Year ending December 31,
1998 $ 121,237
1999 121,237
2000 121,237
2001 121,237
2002 121,237
2003 and thereafter 434,438
----------
1,040,623
Less amount representing interest 288,980
----------
Net present value of future loan payments at 7.98% $ 751,643
==========
Current portion $ 63,547
Noncurrent portion 688,096
----------
$ 751,643
==========
</TABLE>
NOTE G - EQUITY TRANSACTIONS
In January 1993, Ortec effected a stock split and granted twenty new shares
of common stock of $.001 par value for each outstanding share of common
stock. This stock split is retroactively reflected in the accompanying
financial statements and all references to shares are to the new shares
with per share amounts appropriately adjusted.
Pursuant to an agreement between Dr. Eisenberg and the other founders (the
"Other Founders"), a business relationship was formed by the founders for
the manufacture and sale of products derived
F-18
<PAGE> 47
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE G (CONTINUED)
from the Technology (the "Business Agreement"). Under the terms of the
Business Agreement, Dr. Eisenberg, who was the owner of all the capital
stock of Ortec (600,000 shares) agreed to license the Technology to Ortec
and sell 70% of Ortec's shares for a purchase price of $1,000,000 to the
Skin Group. Dr. Eisenberg was paid $85,000 in connection with this
agreement as reimbursement for his expenses ($35,000 during the period from
inception (March 12, 1991) to December 31, 1991 and $50,000 during the year
ended December 31, 1992).
The "Other Founders" initially owned all of the stock of the Skin Group
(953,820 shares). In March 1991, the Skin Group issued, in a private
placement, 217,440 shares for $65,000. In June and October 1991, the Skin
Group issued 130,160 and 18,860 shares, to a director of the Company (the
"Director") for $150,000 and $100,000, respectively. Commencing in November
1991, the Skin Group issued 79,480 shares under a second private placement
for $750,006 (including 26,460 shares during the year ended December 31,
1992). On July 27, 1992, the Skin Group was merged with and into Ortec.
Also under the second private placement 22,860 shares of Ortec were issued
for $215,467. In addition, the Director was granted warrants to purchase
7,360 shares of Ortec at $9.425 per share.
Pursuant to a stock purchase agreement entered into with the Director in
June 1992, 53,040 shares of Ortec were sold to the Director for a total
purchase price of $499,998. In addition, the Director was granted warrants
to purchase 79,570 shares at an exercise price of $9.425 per share. The
purchase price was payable in installments and shares and warrants were
issued in installments pro rata with the payment of the purchase price.
During the years ended December 31, 1993 and 1992, the Director paid
$200,000 and $299,998, respectively, and was issued 21,220 and 31,820
shares, respectively. The agreement also provided that, if at any time
within two years of the agreement, the Director introduced other persons or
entities who purchased shares in the Company in a private placement, he was
entitled to receive warrants to purchase ten percent of the number of
shares purchased by such persons or entities, at an exercise price equal to
the price paid by such persons or entities. No such warrants have been
issued to the Director.
F-19
<PAGE> 48
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE G (CONTINUED)
Further, in connection with the Director's purchase of the 53,040 shares,
in 1993, the Other Founders granted to the Director options to purchase
from them an aggregate of 74,000 Ortec shares, at a price of $5 per share.
In 1993, the Director exercised such option in part, and purchased 49,000
shares from the Other Founders at the option price of $5 per share. The
remaining balance of such options expired April 15, 1994.
Pursuant to a third private placement that commenced in January 13, 1993,
and concluded on March 31, 1993, Ortec sold an aggregate of 109,650 shares
at $10 per share ($1,096,500). Subsequent to such offering, in 1993, the
Company sold an additional 22,500 shares at $10 per share ($225,000). In
connection with such purchases, all purchasers received certain
registration rights.
Pursuant to a Stock Purchase Agreement dated July 19, 1993, by and between
Ortec and the Home Insurance Company ("Home Insurance"), the Company sold
to Home Insurance 111,111 shares of common stock for an aggregate purchase
price of $999,999, or $9 per share. In connection with such purchase, Home
Insurance received certain registration rights.
In addition, in 1993, the Company issued 600 shares to an individual as
compensation for commissions in connection with the sale of the Company's
shares. Such commissions are included in share issuance expenses. The stock
issued was valued at $10 per share.
In August 1993, the Director entered into a stock option agreement with Dr.
Eisenberg and the Other Founders, pursuant to which he received the right
to purchase an aggregate of 100,000 shares owned by such persons in various
amounts and at various times, at a purchase price of $10 per share. As of
December 31, 1993, the Director has exercised options and purchased 5,000
shares under such agreement at $10 per share.
Pursuant to a fourth private placement consummated in July 1994, Ortec sold
an aggregate of 39,451 shares at between $10 and $10.25 per share for
aggregate proceeds of $397,712.
Pursuant to a Stock Purchase Agreement dated July 22, 1994, between Ortec
and Home Insurance, the Company sold to Home Insurance 50,000 shares of
common stock for an aggregate purchase price of
F-20
<PAGE> 49
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE G (CONTINUED)
$500,000, or $10 per share. In connection with such purchase, Home
Insurance received certain registration rights and warrants to purchase
10,000 shares of common stock at $12 per share, which expired on July 21,
1997.
On January 19, 1996, the Company completed an initial public offering
("IPO") of 1,200,000 units for aggregate proceeds of $6,000,000. Each unit
consists of one share of the Company's common stock, one Class A warrant to
purchase one share of common stock at $10, expiring July 1997, and one
Class B warrant to purchase one share of common stock at $15, expiring
January 1999. The Class A and B warrants will be redeemable by the Company
at $.01 per warrant, if the market price of the Company's common stock
equals or exceeds $10 for 10 consecutive trading days during a specified
period, as defined. In July 1997, the Company extended the expiration date
of the 1,200,000 Class A warrants to November 3, 1997. In October 1997,
297,425 Class A warrants were exercised, and the Company extended the
expiration date of the remaining Class A warrants to December 31, 1997. On
December 31, 1997, additional Class A warrants were exercised. The
Company received gross proceeds of approximately $10,823,000 and net
proceeds of approximately $10,165,000 as a result of the exercise of the
Class A warrants and other warrants in 1997.
In November 1996, the Company completed a private placement of its
securities from which it received gross proceeds of $6,220,797 and net
proceeds of approximately $5,733,000 (after deducting approximately
$487,000 in placement fees and other expenses of such private placement).
The Company sold 959,106 shares of common stock in such private placement
at average prices of $6.49 per share. In addition, the Company granted
five-year warrants to placement agents to purchase such number of shares
equal to 10% of the number of shares of common stock sold by such placement
agents, exercisable at prices equal to 120% of the prices paid for such
shares. Pursuant to the purchasers' request, the Company registered all
959,106 shares.
During 1992, the Company issued warrants to purchase 6,660 shares at $9.425
per share, and during 1995 the Company issued warrants to purchase 2,000
shares at $10 per share to members of the Scientific Advisory Board of the
Company and certain others. During 1996, the Company issued warrants to
purchase 242,101 shares at $6 to $12 per share to the Director and certain
others. These warrants expire at various dates through November 2001.
F-21
<PAGE> 50
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE G (CONTINUED)
On January 20, 1996, the Company granted "lock-up warrants" entitling
shareholders to purchase an aggregate of 389,045 shares of the Company's
common stock at a price of $1.00 per share. All such warrants expire on
January 18, 2000. At different times during 1996, seven persons exercised
such warrants and purchased 33,885 shares of common stock at the $1.00 per
share exercise price. The issuance of such lock-up warrants was in
consideration for such shareholders signing lock-up agreements agreeing not
to sell or transfer shares of the Company's common stock purchased at
prices of $9.00 or more per share until January 20, 1997. At different
times during the third quarter of 1997, eight persons exercised such
warrants and purchased an aggregate of 21,210 shares of common stock at the
$1.00 per share exercise price. There were no underwriting discounts or
commissions given or paid in connection with any of the foregoing warrant
exercises.
During the third quarter of 1997, the Company granted to one person and its
seven designees four-year warrants to purchase an aggregate of 37,500
shares of common stock, at an exercise price of $12.00 per share. Such
warrants are not exercisable until July 18, 1998 and were granted in
consideration for consulting services rendered to the Company.
During the fourth quarter of 1997, the Company granted to one person and
its six designees four-year warrants to purchase an aggregate of 37,500
shares of common stock, at an exercise price of $12.00 per share. Such
warrants are not exercisable until July 18, 1998 and were granted in
consideration for consulting services rendered to the Company.
During the third quarter of 1997, the Company granted to one person a
one-year warrant to purchase an aggregate of 625 shares of common stock, at
an exercise price of $12.00 per share. Such warrants were granted in
consideration for consulting services rendered to the Company.
The Company recorded consulting expense of approximately $120,000 as a
result of these grants during the year ended December 31, 1997.
F-22
<PAGE> 51
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE G (CONTINUED)
During the fourth quarter of 1997, the Company granted five-year warrants
to its three executive officers to purchase an aggregate of 240,000 shares
of common stock, at an exercise price of $12.00 per share. Such warrants
were granted in consideration for services rendered to the Company. The
exercise of such warrants is contingent upon the occurrence of certain
events, which were considered probable at December 31, 1997. One of the
events occurred in February 1998 so that 55,000 of those warrants are now
vested. As a result, the Company recorded compensation expense of
approximately $80,000 in December 1997.
In consideration for services rendered by him as a director of the Company
in the five-year period from 1992 to 1996 for which he never received
compensation, the Company extended by one year to December 31, 1998 the
expiration date of warrants owned by a director to purchase an aggregate of
86,930 shares, exercisable at $9.425 per share. As a result, the Company
recorded compensation expense of approximately $420,000, during the fourth
quarter of 1997.
F-23
<PAGE> 52
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE G (CONTINUED)
The following table summarizes warrant activity during the period from
March 12, 1991 (inception) through December 31, 1997 (excluding the Class A
and B warrants which were issued during the IPO):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Price
range Shares
----------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
March 12, 1991 (inception) to December 31, 1991
Granted $ 9.425 7,360
--------
Balance, December 31, 1991 9.425 7,360
Granted 9.425 55,080
--------
Balance, December 31, 1992 9.425 62,440
Granted 9.425 - 12.00 48,230
--------
Balance, December 31, 1993 9.425 - 12.00 110,670
Granted 12.00 10,000
--------
Balance, December 31, 1994 9.425 - 12.00 120,670
Granted 10.00 4,000
Expired 9.425 (2,680)
--------
Balance, December 31, 1995 9.425 - 12.00 121,990
Granted 1.00 - 10.00 511,606
Exercised 1.00 (33,885)
Expired 12.00 (2,450)
--------
Balance, December 31, 1996 1.00 - 12.00 597,261
Granted 12.00 - 14.25 330,625
Expired 12.00 (10,000)
--------
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 1997 $1.00 - 14.25 917,886
========
</TABLE>
F-24
<PAGE> 53
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE H - STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS
In April 1996, the Board of Directors and stockholders approved the
adoption of a stock option plan (the "Plan"). The Plan provides for the
grant of options to purchase up to 350,000 shares of the Company's common
stock. These options may be granted to employees, officers of the Company,
nonemployee directors of the Company and consultants to the Company. The
Plan provides for granting of options to purchase the Company's common
stock at not less than the fair value of such shares on the date of the
grant.
The following table summarizes the stock option activity for the years
ended December 31, 1997 and 1996:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Weighted
average
exercise
Number price
------- ------
<S> <C> <C>
Granted - adoption of stock option plan 156,000 $ 7.08
-------
Balance, December 31, 1996 156,000 7.08
Granted 123,000 11.94
Forfeited, expired (3,000) 6.63
-------
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 1997 276,000 9.25
=======
</TABLE>
F-25
<PAGE> 54
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE H (CONTINUED)
As of December 31, 1997, options outstanding for 207,000 shares were
exercisable at the weighted-average exercise price of $6.10, and the
weighted remaining contractual life was four years. The exercise price for
all stock options awarded has been determined by the Board of Directors of
the Company. All options awarded in 1996 become exercisable on the grant
date.
The following table summarizes option data as of December 31, 1997:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Weighted
average Weighted Weighted
remaining average average
Range of Number contractual exercise Number exercise
exercise prices outstanding life price exercisable price
--------------- ----------- ----------- -------- ----------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$6.25 to $ 7.38 118,000 3.37 $ 6.83 115,500 $6.81
$8.50 to $10.00 113,000 4.68 9.80 91,500 5.20
$14.00 45,000 4.92 14.25
------- -------
276,000 4.16 9.25 207,000 6.10
======= =======
</TABLE>
As described in Note G, the Company granted warrants to purchase an
aggregate 240,000 shares to three executive officers and extended the
expiration date of warrants owned by a director to purchase an aggregate of
86,930 shares.
In October 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No.
123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" ("SFAS No. 123"). SFAS No.
123 established financial accounting and reporting standards for
stock-based employee compensation plans. The financial accounting standards
of SFAS No. 123 permit companies to either continue accounting for
stock-based compensation under existing rules or adopt SFAS No. 123 and
begin reflecting the fair value of stock options and other forms of
stock-based compensation in the results of operations as additional
expense. The disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123 require companies
which elect not to record the fair value in the statement of operations to
provide pro forma disclosures of net income and earnings per share in the
notes to the financial statements as if the fair value of stock-based
compensation has been recorded.
F-26
<PAGE> 55
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE H (CONTINUED)
The Company continues to follow Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25
and its related interpretations in accounting for its stock-based
compensation plans. Accordingly, no compensation cost has been recognized
in the statement of operations for its employee stock option plan; however,
the Company did recognize approximately $500,000 in corporate expense for
warrants which were granted in 1997.
The Company utilized the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to quantify the
expense of options and warrants granted to nonemployees and the pro forma
effects on net loss and net loss per share of the fair value of the options
and warrants granted to employees during 1997. The following assumptions
were made in estimating fair value.
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Risk-free interest rate 6.0%
Expected option life 2.5 years
Expected volatility 40%
</TABLE>
Had compensation cost been determined under SFAS No. 123 for the year ended
December 31, 1997, net loss and loss per share would have been increased as
follows:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Net loss
As reported $ (4,825,663)
Pro forma for stock options and warrants (5,196,174)
Net loss per share
As reported $ (1.01)
Pro forma for stock options and warrants (1.09)
</TABLE>
During the initial phase-in period of SFAS No. 123, such compensation
expense may not be representative of the future effect of applying this
statement.
F-27
<PAGE> 56
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE I - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Agreement With Dr. Eisenberg
Pursuant to an amended agreement, the Company has engaged the services of
Dr. Eisenberg as a consultant through August 31, 2005. The consulting
agreement may be renewed for an additional two years unless terminated by
either party prior to such renewal period. Under the agreement, Dr.
Eisenberg is obligated to devote twenty hours per week to Company business
and is entitled to an annual compensation for such services with annual
increases, as defined, of not less than $3,000. In addition, Dr. Eisenberg
is paid $58 per hour for services in excess of twenty hours per week. The
agreement also provides for a bonus in the event the Company files for the
registration of any patent. The bonus, which shall be determined by the
Board of Directors of the Company, shall not be less than $30,000 per
patent registration, but may not aggregate more than $60,000 during any
twelve-month period. To date, no bonuses have been earned by Dr. Eisenberg.
For each of the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996, Dr. Eisenberg
earned approximately $78,000 for consulting services and approximately
$459,000 for the period from inception to December 31, 1997, which is
included in research and development expense. Included in accrued
professional fees at December 31, 1997 and 1996 are $37,494 and $45,328,
respectively, representing unpaid consulting fees to Dr. Eisenberg.
Manufacturing Agreements
In October 1991, the Company entered into an agreement with Cornell
University Medical College ("Cornell"), a medical institution in New York
City, for Cornell to produce and supply the Company, on an exclusive basis
and using Dr. Eisenberg's technology, all of the cultured skin equivalent
necessary for the Company's use in human clinical tests in the United
States. Fees earned by Cornell amounted to approximately $1,145,000 for the
period from inception to December 31, 1996. The Cornell arrangement was
terminated by December 31, 1996.
The cultured skin equivalent to be used in human clinical tests in
Australia is produced in the Company's laboratory in Sydney, Australia.
F-28
<PAGE> 57
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE I (CONTINUED)
In January 1997, the Company entered into an agreement with the New Jersey
Center for Biomaterials and Medical Devices (the "New Jersey Center"),
whereby the Company and the New Jersey Center will collaborate on research
focusing on the development of collagen-based biomaterials for soft tissue
repair, specifically targeting the development of a second generation
collagen matrix to be used for the production of the Company's Composite
Cultured Skin. The New Jersey Center is a cooperative research initiative
sponsored by the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey,
Rutgers University and the New Jersey Institute of Technology, and receives
financial support from the New Jersey Commission of Science and Technology.
The Company has agreed to contribute $40,000 of the $100,000 cost of such
research. The Company will pay such $40,000 in quarterly payments of
$10,000 each. The $10,000 payment for the first quarter has already been
paid by the Company.
FDA Consultant
The Company retains Oxford Research International Corp. ("Oxford") to
assist it in the FDA approval process, including the preparation of
applications and related documentation and monitoring of all phases of the
clinical trials. The agreement has a term of one year and is automatically
renewable for additional one-year periods subject to termination at will.
Fees payable to Oxford are based on Oxford's per diem charge. For the years
ended December 31, 1997 and 1996, the Company has paid Oxford $115,000 and
$61,000, respectively.
Occupancy Arrangements
In May 1992, the Company entered into a noncancellable operating lease for
its research laboratory in Sydney, Australia with Dr. Eisenberg's father.
The lease may be renewed for an additional three years after May 1997 at
the then prevailing market rent for similar properties. Rental expense is
recognized on a straight-line basis, rather than in accordance with base
payment schedules for purposes of recognizing a constant annual rental
expense. In addition, the lease provides for the review of the
F-29
<PAGE> 58
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE I (CONTINUED)
rental commitment with provision to increase the rent by a percentage fixed
by the agreement. Also, the Company is liable for operating expenses as
defined. The future minimum rental commitments under this lease are as
follows:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Year ending December 31,
1998 $33,000
1999 33,000
2000 13,750
------
$79,750
=======
</TABLE>
During the year ended December 31, 1995, Dr. Eisenberg's father waived the
rights to $40,740 of unpaid rent which was accounted for as additional
paid-in capital.
Total rent expense under the lease for the years ended December 31, 1997
and 1996, was approximately $37,000 and $31,000, respectively.
In March 1996, the Company entered into a five-year lease with Columbia
University for the Company's new laboratory and offices in Columbia's new
Audubon Biomedical Science and Technology Park in New York City.
Construction of the new laboratory and office facility was completed in
July 1996 and became fully operational in November 1996. In addition,
Columbia had agreed to provide the Company with a grant of $400,000 and a
ten-year self-amortizing loan with interest at the rate charged by
Columbia's bank for up to an additional $600,000, to build and equip the
Company's laboratory. Annual aggregate lease payments approximate $130,000.
The Company also granted Columbia a warrant expiring March 2001 to purchase
5,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $10 per share. The
Company will use its new laboratory to produce its Composite Cultured Skin
for use in the remaining FDA-approved human clinical trials and for further
research to develop the Company's proprietary technology for treatment of
other wounds. The Company expects at a later date to further equip its new
laboratory for use as a pilot production facility for its Composite
Cultured Skin.
F-30
<PAGE> 59
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE I (CONTINUED)
The Company conducts a major portion of its operations at a leased facility
in New York, New York. The lease term is five years, expiring in June 2001.
The minimum rental payments due over the term of the lease at December 31,
1997 are as follows:
<TABLE>
Year ending December 31,
<S> <C>
1998 $211,841
1999 215,083
2000 221,731
2001 112,568
-------
$761,223
========
</TABLE>
Total rent expense under the lease for the years ended December 31, 1997
and 1996 was approximately $129,700 and $70,300, respectively.
Contingencies
A competitor has advised the Company of a potential patent infringement on
at least one of its United States patents. Management believes, based on
the advice of patent counsel, the Company has not infringed such patents.
Approximately three years ago, the University of Minnesota advised the
Company that it has a claim against the Company for $82,970 allegedly owed
pursuant to a contract requiring the University of Minnesota to perform
research for cryopreservation of the Company's product. The Company has
denied any liability and, accordingly, no amounts relating to this matter
have been provided for by the Company.
Management does not believe that the resolution of the above matters will
have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or results of
operations of the Company.
F-31
<PAGE> 60
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE I (CONTINUED)
Government Regulation
The Company is subject to extensive government regulation. Products for
human treatment are subject to rigorous preclinical and clinical testing
procedures as a condition for approval by the Food and Drug Administration
("FDA") and by similar authorities in foreign countries prior to commercial
sale. Presently, the Company is continuing to submit the results of its
human clinical trials to the FDA; however, it is not possible for the
Company to determine whether the results achieved from the human clinical
trials will be sufficient to obtain FDA approval.
NOTE J - OTHER RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
During the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996, the "Other Founders"
were paid fees for services rendered of approximately $553,000 and
$378,000, respectively (in the aggregate, approximately $1,911,000 for the
period from inception to December 31, 1997). In addition, in 1996, $140,000
was paid to a director as cash compensation for services as placement agent
in connection with the November 1996 private placement. Also, the director
received 30,500 warrants (see Note G).
In December 1997, the Company extended the expiration date on warrants to
the director to purchase 86,930 shares, exercisable at $9.425 per share,
resulting in compensation expense of approximately $420,000 (see Note G).
The Company paid approximately $35,000 and $25,000 for the years ended
December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively, as fees for accounting services,
to a stockholder (approximately $100,000 for the period from inception to
December 31, 1997). Also during the year ended December 31, 1996, the
Company repaid loans of approximately $247,000 from the net proceeds of the
"IPO" to officers.
Prior to June 1996, the Company's executive offices were located in office
space leased by a company owned by an officer, founder and director of the
Company on a rent-free basis.
F-32
<PAGE> 61
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE K - INCOME TAXES
The Company has deferred start-up costs for income tax purposes and intends
to elect to amortize such costs over a period of 60 months, under Section
195(b) of the Internal Revenue Code, when the Company commences operations.
At December 31, 1997, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards of
approximately $3,413,000 for income tax purposes expiring through 2012. Due
to the merger of Skin Group with and into Ortec in July 1992, the net
operating losses and other built-in deductions existing at that time are
subject to annual limitations pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section
382. The Company's ability to utilize net operating losses and other
built-in deductions generated after that date may be limited in the future
due to additional issuances of the Company's common stock or other changes
in control, as defined in the Internal Revenue Code and related
regulations.
For financial statement purposes, a valuation allowance of approximately
$5,907,000 and $3,623,000 at December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively, has
been recognized to offset entirely the deferred tax assets related to the
Company's operating loss carryforwards and other temporary differences
related to the deferral of start-up expenses for tax purposes, as the
realization of such deferred tax assets is uncertain.
Components of the Company's deferred tax asset are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
1997 1996
----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C>
Net operating loss carryforwards $ 1,570,000 $ 1,378,000
Deferral of start-up costs 4,337,000 2,245,000
----------- -----------
5,907,000 3,623,000
Valuation allowance (5,907,000) (3,623,000)
----------- -----------
Net deferred tax asset $ -- $ --
=========== ===========
</TABLE>
F-33
<PAGE> 62
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE L - FOREIGN OPERATIONS
The Company has a laboratory in Sydney, Australia. Summary financial
information for assets and liabilities at December 31, 1997 and 1996, and
expenses for the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996 are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996
-------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
Assets $ 23,000 $ 53,000
Liabilities 7,000 3,000
Expenses 232,000 180,000
</TABLE>
Expenses are net of foreign exchange losses of approximately $5,698 and
$2,050 for the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively.
NOTE M - FOURTH QUARTER ADJUSTMENTS
During the fourth quarter of 1996, the Company recorded certain equity
transactions that resulted in consulting ($125,000) and interest ($27,000)
expenses being recorded in the amount of $152,000. These adjustments, or
$.03 per share, related to previously issued quarterly data for the second
quarter of 1996, which the Company is restating on Form 10-Q/A.
NOTE N - FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 107 ("SFAS No. 107"), "Fair
Value of Financial Instruments," requires disclosure of the estimated fair
value of an entity's financial instrument assets and liabilities. For the
Company, financial instruments consist principally of cash and cash
equivalents, marketable securities and loan payable.
F-34
<PAGE> 63
Ortec International, Inc.
(a development stage enterprise)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1997 and 1996
NOTE N (CONTINUED)
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value
of each class of financial instrument for which it is practicable to
estimate that value.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The carrying value reasonably approximates fair value because of the short
maturity of those instruments.
Marketable Securities
Marketable securities consist principally of investments in United States
Treasury Bills and FNMA Treasury Notes. The fair values of these securities
are based on quoted market prices.
Loan Payable
Based on borrowing rates currently available to the Company for bank loans
with similar terms and maturities, the carrying value of the Company's loan
payable approximates the fair value.
NOTE O - NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In July 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement No.
130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income" and Statement No. 131, "Disclosure
about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information." Statement No.
130, which must be adopted by the Company in fiscal year 1998, establishes
standards for the reporting and display of comprehensive income and its
components in a complete set of financial statements. Statement No. 131,
which must also be adopted by the Company in fiscal year 1998, changes the
way segment information is reported and establishes standards for related
disclosures about products and services, geographic areas, and major
customers. The Company believes that the adoption of these new standards is
not likely to have a material impact on the Company's financial position or
results of operations.
F-35
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<ARTICLE> 5
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> YEAR
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1997
<PERIOD-START> JAN-01-1997
<PERIOD-END> DEC-31-1997
<CASH> 11950693
<SECURITIES> 1584035
<RECEIVABLES> 0
<ALLOWANCES> 0
<INVENTORY> 0
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 13541803
<PP&E> 1602474
<DEPRECIATION> (606243)
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 14998414
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 559092
<BONDS> 0
0
0
<COMMON> 5761
<OTHER-SE> 13710857
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 14998414
<SALES> 0
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 291602
<CGS> 0
<TOTAL-COSTS> 0
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 5117265
<LOSS-PROVISION> 0
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 75126
<INCOME-PRETAX> (4825663)
<INCOME-TAX> 0
<INCOME-CONTINUING> (4825663)
<DISCONTINUED> 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> (4825663)
<EPS-PRIMARY> (1.01)
<EPS-DILUTED> (1.01)
</TABLE>
