<PAGE> 1
AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON JULY 23, 1997
REGISTRATION NO. 333-
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
------------------------
FORM S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
------------------------
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
DELAWARE 2834 94-3095806
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF (PRIMARY STANDARD INDUSTRIAL (I.R.S. EMPLOYER
INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) CLASSIFICATION CODE NUMBER) IDENTIFICATION NUMBER)
</TABLE>
213 EAST GRAND AVENUE
SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 94080
(415) 952-7070
(ADDRESS, INCLUDING ZIP CODE, AND TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE, OF THE
REGISTRANT'S PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES)
------------------------
LISA A. CONTE
PRESIDENT, CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
213 EAST GRAND AVENUE
SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 94080
(415) 952-7070
(NAME AND ADDRESS, INCLUDING ZIP CODE, AND TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA
CODE, OF AGENT FOR SERVICE)
------------------------
COPIES TO:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
J. STEPHAN DOLEZALEK, ESQ. BRIAN W. PUSCH, ESQ.
BROBECK, PHLEGER & HARRISON LLP LAW OFFICES OF BRIAN W PUSCH
TWO EMBARCADERO PLACE PENTHOUSE SUITE
2200 GENG ROAD 29 WEST 57TH STREET
PALO ALTO, CA 94301 NEW YORK, NY 10019
(415) 424-0160 (212) 980-0408
</TABLE>
APPROXIMATE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF PROPOSED SALE TO THE PUBLIC:
As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective.
If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered
pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following
box. [ ]
If the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a
delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of
1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest
reinvestment plans, check the following box. [X]
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering
pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box
and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier
effective registration statement for the same offering. [ ]
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c)
under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering. [ ]
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434,
please check the following box. [ ]
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
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PROPOSED MAXIMUM PROPOSED MAXIMUM
TITLE OF EACH CLASS OF AMOUNT TO BE OFFERING PRICE AGGREGATE AMOUNT OF
SECURITIES TO BE REGISTERED REGISTERED(1) PER SHARE(2) OFFERING PRICE(2) REGISTRATION FEE
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Common Stock, $0.001 par
value per share............. 2,300,000 shares $5.46875 $12,578,125 $3,811.55
===========================================================================================================
</TABLE>
(1) Includes (i) up to 1,985,000 shares of Common Stock to be issued upon
conversion of the Company's Senior Convertible Notes due 2000 (the "Notes"),
(ii) up to 315,000 shares of Common Stock to be issued and paid in lieu of
cash, at the Company's option, as interest on the Notes, and (iii) an
indeterminate number of additional shares of Common Stock as may from time
to time become issuable upon conversion of the Notes by reason of stock
splits, stock dividends and other similar transactions, which shares are
registered hereunder pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act.
(2) The price of $5.46875 per share, which was the average of the high and low
bid prices of the Common Stock reported by The Nasdaq Stock Market on July
17, 1997, is set forth solely for the purpose of calculating the
registration fee in accordance with Rule 457(c) of the Securities Act of
1933, as amended.
THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR
DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL
FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THE REGISTRATION
STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(A) OF
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME
EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE COMMISSION ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID SECTION 8(A)
MAY DETERMINE.
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INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS SUBJECT TO COMPLETION OR AMENDMENT. A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT RELATING TO THESE SECURITIES HAS BEEN FILED WITH THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION. THESE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE SOLD NOR
MAY OFFERS TO BUY BE ACCEPTED PRIOR TO THE TIME THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT
BECOMES EFFECTIVE. THIS PROSPECTUS SHALL NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL OR
THE SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY NOR SHALL THERE BE ANY SALE OF THESE
SECURITIES IN ANY STATE IN WHICH SUCH OFFER, SOLICITATION OR SALE WOULD BE
UNLAWFUL PRIOR TO REGISTRATION OR QUALIFICATION UNDER THE SECURITIES LAWS
OF ANY SUCH STATE.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION DATED JULY 23, 1997
PROSPECTUS
2,300,000 SHARES
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
COMMON STOCK
------------------------
This Prospectus relates to the offer and sale by certain persons listed
herein under "Selling Stockholders" (collectively, the "Selling Stockholders")
of (i) a maximum of 2,300,000 shares (collectively, the "Shares") of Common
Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "Common Stock"), of Shaman
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the "Company") consisting of: (a) up to 1,985,000 shares
of Common Stock to be issued from time to time to the Selling Stockholders upon
conversion of the Company's Senior Subordinated Convertible Notes due August ,
2000 (the "Notes") and (b) up to 315,000 shares of Common Stock to be issued and
paid in lieu of cash, at the Company's option, as interest on the Notes and (ii)
in accordance with Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Securities Act"), such presently indeterminate number of additional Shares as
may be issuable upon conversion of the Notes or payment of interest on the
Notes, based upon fluctuations in the conversion price of the Notes. All of the
Shares may be offered by the Selling Stockholders or by pledgees, donees,
transferees or other successors in interest that receive such shares as a gift,
partnership distribution or other non-sale related transfer. The Notes and the
Common Stock to be issuable upon conversion thereof have been and will be issued
in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act
pursuant to Section 4(2) thereof. See "Recent Developments," "Selling
Stockholders" and "Plan of Distribution." The Shares are being registered by the
Company pursuant to registration rights granted to the Selling Stockholders.
The Selling Stockholders have not advised the Company of any specific plans
for the distribution of the Shares covered by this Prospectus. It is
anticipated, however, that the Shares will be offered and sold by the Selling
Stockholders from time to time in transactions on The Nasdaq National Market, in
privately negotiated transactions, or by a combination of such methods of sale,
at such fixed prices as may be negotiated from time to time, at market prices
prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to such prevailing market
prices or at negotiated prices. The Selling Stockholders may effect such
transactions by selling the Shares to or through broker-dealers and such
broker-dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or
commissions from the Selling Stockholders or the purchasers of the Shares for
whom such broker-dealers may act as agent or to whom they sell as principal or
both (which compensation to a particular broker-dealer might be in excess of
customary commissions). See "Plan of Distribution."
The Company will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the
Shares by the Selling Stockholders. The Company has agreed to bear certain
expenses in connection with the registration and sale of the Shares being
offered by the Selling Stockholders. The Company has agreed to indemnify the
Selling Stockholders against certain liabilities, including liabilities under
the Securities Act.
The Common Stock of the Company is traded on The Nasdaq National Market
tier of The Nasdaq Stock Market under the symbol "SHMN." On July 21, 1997, the
last sale price for the Common Stock as quoted on The Nasdaq National Market was
$5.6875 per share.
------------------------
The Selling Stockholders and any broker-dealers or agents that participate
with the Selling Stockholders in the
distribution of the Shares may be deemed to be "underwriters" within the meaning
of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act, and any commissions received by them and
any profit on the resale of the Shares purchased by them may be deemed to be
underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act. See "Plan of
Distribution" herein for a description of agreements by the Company to indemnify
the Selling Stockholders against certain liabilities.
------------------------
THE COMMON STOCK OFFERED HEREBY INVOLVES A HIGH DEGREE OF RISK.
SEE "RISK FACTORS" ON PAGE 5.
------------------------
THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION NOR HAS THE SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE
ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
------------------------
THE DATE OF THIS PROSPECTUS IS JULY , 1997
<PAGE> 3
No dealer, salesperson or other person has been authorized to give any
information or to make any representations other than those contained in this
Prospectus and, if given or made, such information or representations must not
be relied upon as having been authorized by the Company, any Selling
Stockholders or by any other person. This Prospectus does not constitute an
offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the
shares of Common Stock offered hereby, nor does it constitute an offer to sell
or a solicitation of an offer to buy any of the shares offered hereby to any
person in any jurisdiction in which such offer or solicitation would be
unlawful. Neither the delivery of this Prospectus nor any sale made hereunder
shall under any circumstances create any implication that the information
contained herein is correct as of any date subsequent to the date hereof.
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
This Prospectus, which constitutes a part of a Registration Statement on
Form S-3 (the "Registration Statement") filed by the Company with the Securities
and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended (the "Securities Act"), omits certain of the information set forth in
the Registration Statement. For further information with respect to the Company
and the Common Stock offered hereby, reference is hereby made to such
Registration Statement, exhibits and schedules. Statements contained in this
Prospectus regarding the contents of any contract or other document are not
necessarily complete; with respect to each such contract or document filed as an
exhibit to the Registration Statement, reference is made to the exhibit for a
more complete description of the matter involved, and each such statement shall
be deemed qualified in its entirety by such reference. A copy of the
Registration Statement, including the exhibits and schedules thereto, may be
inspected without charge at the public reference facilities of the Commission
described below, and copies of such material may be obtained from such office
upon payment of the fees prescribed by the Commission.
The Company is subject to the informational requirements of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and in accordance
therewith files reports, proxy statements and other information with the
Commission. Such reports, proxy statements and other information filed by the
Company with the Commission can be inspected and copied at the public reference
facilities maintained by the Commission at Judiciary Plaza, 450 Fifth Street,
N.W., Room 1024, Washington, D.C. 20549, and the following regional offices of
the Commission: New York Regional Office, Seven World Trade Center, 13th Floor,
New York, New York 10048; and Chicago Regional Office, Citicorp Center, 500 West
Madison Street, Suite 1400, Chicago, Illinois 60661. Copies of such material can
also be obtained from the Public Reference Section of the Commission at 450
Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549, upon payment of prescribed rates.
Furthermore, the Commission maintains a Web site that contains reports, proxy
and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file
electronically with the Commission. Such Web site is located at
http://www.sec.gov. The Company's Common Stock is quoted on The Nasdaq National
Market. Reports, proxy statements and other information concerning the Company
may be inspected at the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. at 1735
K Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
The following documents or portions of documents filed by the Company (File
No. 0-21022) with the Commission are hereby incorporated herein by reference:
(a) the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
1996, as amended; (b) Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March
31, 1997; (c) Definitive Proxy Statement dated April 23, 1997, filed in
connection with the Company's 1997 Annual Meeting of Stockholders; and (d) the
description of the Company's Common Stock contained in its Registration
Statement on Form 8-A, as amended, filed with the Commission on December 18,
1992, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such
description.
All reports and other documents subsequently filed by the Company pursuant
to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, prior to the filing
of a post-effective amendment which indicates that all securities offered hereby
have been sold or which deregisters all securities remaining unsold, shall be
deemed to be incorporated by reference herein and to be a part hereof from the
date of filing of such reports and
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documents. Any statement contained in a document incorporated by reference
herein shall be deemed modified or superseded for purposes of this Prospectus to
the extent that a statement contained or incorporated by reference herein
modifies or supersedes such statement. Any statement so modified or superseded
shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part
of this Prospectus.
The Company will provide without charge to each person to whom this
Prospectus is delivered, upon written or oral request of such person, a copy of
any and all of the information that has been or may be incorporated by reference
in this Prospectus, other than exhibits to such documents (unless such exhibits
are specifically incorporated by reference into such documents). Such requests
should be directed to Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 213 East Grand Avenue, South
San Francisco, California 94080-4812, telephone (415) 952-7070, facsimile (415)
873-8367, Attn: Vice President, Corporate Communications.
------------------------
Provir(TM) and the Company's stylized logo are trademarks of the Company.
Shaman Pharmaceuticals(R) and Virend(R) are registered U.S. trademarks of the
Company.
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3
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THE COMPANY
The following information is qualified in its entirety by the more detailed
information and financial statements, including notes thereto, appearing
elsewhere herein or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus. This
Prospectus contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of
Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Actual
results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking
statements as a result of certain of the risk factors set forth elsewhere in
this Prospectus. Investors should carefully consider the information set forth
under the heading "Risk Factors."
Shaman is a leader in the identification and development of novel
pharmaceutical products for the treatment of human diseases through the
isolation and optimization of active compounds found in tropical plants. The
Company believes that by focusing on drugs extracted from plants with a long
history of medicinal use, its drug discovery efforts will be quicker and more
likely to lead to safe and effective pharmaceuticals. Shaman has human clinical
trials under way for its three lead product candidates: Provir, Virend and
nikkomycin Z. Shaman has completed Phase II trials showing preliminary efficacy
for Provir for the treatment of watery diarrhea and Virend for the treatment of
recurrent genital herpes. An additional dose-optimizing Phase II trial, an
AIDS-related diarrhea Phase II trial for Provir and an additional trial using
Virend in combination with oral acyclovir commenced in the first quarter of
1997. Provir is an oral drug which acts as a specific inhibitor of fluid loss
via an antisecretory mechanism, and Virend is a topical agent which acts by an
antiviral mechanism of action; both products incorporate the same active drug
substance, SP-303. In addition, nikkomycin Z, an orally-active, in-licensed
product for the treatment of endemic mycoses and other systemic fungal
infections, is currently in Phase I trials in the U.K., and the Company expects
to file an IND in the United States with respect thereto in 1997. Shaman's
research and preclinical development is principally focused on the
identification and optimization of compounds to treat Type II (adult onset or
non-insulin dependent) diabetes, an effort that has led to the identification of
15 chemically distinct, orally-active compounds which have demonstrated glucose
lowering effects in preclinical testing. Significant funding, as well as
milestone payments for this program, are provided through collaborations with
Lipha, Lyonnaise Industrielle Pharmaceutique s.a., a wholly-owned subsidiary of
Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany ("Lipha/Merck"), and Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
("Ono").
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
The Shares being registered represent shares underlying $10,400,000 of the
Notes being issued by the Registrant pursuant to and in connection with the
several Note Purchase Agreements dated as of June 30, 1997. The Notes are to be
sold at par, will mature in August 2000, and will bear interest at a rate of
5.5% per annum. Interest on the Notes, which is payable in arrears on the first
day of each November, February, May and August, may be paid in Common Stock or
in cash at the option of the Registrant. The Notes are convertible into Common
Stock of the Registrant as follows: (i) until November 7, 1997, the Notes are
convertible at the lowest trading price of the Common Stock during a specified
measurement period prior to each conversion, but in no event less than $5.50 per
share, (ii) thereafter the Notes are convertible at 90% of such trading price
during such measurement period prior to each conversion. The maximum number of
shares into which the Notes shall become convertible is limited at 19.9% of the
outstanding shares of Common Stock on July 9, 1997, with any excess to be
redeemed by the Registrant. The Registrant has the right, 18 months after the
date of issuance of the Notes, to redeem the then outstanding Notes for 130% of
the then outstanding principal balance on each Note plus accrued interest.
At the date of issuance of the Notes, an allocation of a portion of the
proceeds of the Notes equal to the intrinsic value of the conversion feature
that is "in the money" will be reflected as a non-cash charge to interest
expense. Such charge will be reflected in the year ended December 31, 1997. The
Company believes this accounting treatment is consistent with that required by
the Commission.
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RISK FACTORS
The shares offered hereby involve a high degree of risk. The following risk
factors should be considered carefully in addition to the other information
contained or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus before purchasing the
shares of Common Stock offered hereby. In addition to the historical information
contained herein, the discussion in this Prospectus contains certain
forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties, such as
statements of the Company's plans, objectives, expectations and intentions. The
cautionary statements made in this Prospectus should be read as being applicable
to all related forward-looking statements wherever they appear in this
Prospectus. The Company's actual results could differ materially from those
discussed in this Prospectus. Factors that could cause or contribute to such
differences include those discussed below as well as those cautionary statements
and other factors set forth elsewhere herein.
Early Stage of Development; Technological Uncertainty. Shaman has not yet
completed the development of any products. The Company's products will require
significant additional clinical testing and investment prior to
commercialization. Products for therapeutic use in human healthcare must be
evaluated in extensive human clinical trials to determine their safety and
efficacy as part of a lengthy process to obtain government approval. The
Company's Provir, Virend and nikkomycin Z products are each in clinical
development. Positive results for any of these products in a clinical trial do
not necessarily assure that positive results will be obtained in future clinical
trials or that government approval to commercialize the products will be
obtained. Clinical trials may be terminated at any time for many reasons,
including toxicity or adverse event reporting. The Company's diabetes compounds
have not entered clinical trials. There can be no assurance that any of the
Company's products will be successfully developed, enter into human clinical
trials, prove to be safe and efficacious in clinical trials, meet applicable
regulatory standards, obtain required regulatory approvals, be capable of being
produced in commercial quantities at reasonable costs or be successfully
marketed or that the Company will not encounter problems in clinical trials that
will cause the Company to delay or suspend product development. Failure of any
of the Company's products to be commercialized could have a material adverse
effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.
History of Operating Losses; Products Still in Development; Future
Profitability Uncertain. Shaman was incorporated in 1989 and has experienced
significant operating losses in each of its fiscal years since operations began.
As of March 31, 1997, the Company's accumulated deficit was approximately $88.6
million. The Company has not generated any product revenues and expects to incur
substantial operating losses over the next several years. All of Shaman's
products and compounds are in research and development, which require
substantial expenditures of funds. In order to generate revenues or profits, the
Company, alone or with others, must successfully develop, test, obtain
regulatory approval for and market its potential products. No assurance can be
given that Shaman's product development efforts will be successful, that
required regulatory approvals will be obtained, or that the products, if
developed and introduced, will be successfully marketed or will achieve market
acceptance.
No Assurance of Successful Product Development. The Company's research and
development programs are at various stages of development, ranging from the
research stage to clinical trials. Substantial additional research and
development will be necessary in order for the Company to move its diabetes
product candidates into clinical testing, and there can be no assurance that any
of the Company's research and development efforts on these or other potential
products, including Provir, Virend and nikkomycin Z, will lead to development of
products that are shown to be safe and effective in clinical trials. In
addition, there can be no assurance that any such products will meet applicable
regulatory standards, be capable of being produced in commercial quantities at
acceptable costs, be eligible for third party reimbursement from governmental or
private insurers, be successfully marketed or achieve market acceptance.
Further, the Company's products may prove to have undesirable or unintended side
effects that may prevent or limit their commercial use. The Company may find, at
any stage of this complex product development process, that products that
appeared promising in preclinical studies or Phase I and Phase II clinical
trials do not demonstrate efficacy in larger-scale, Phase III clinical trials
and do not receive regulatory approvals. Accordingly, any product development
program undertaken by the Company may be curtailed, redirected or eliminated at
any time. In addition, there can be no assurance that the Company's testing and
development schedules will be met. Any failure to meet
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such schedules could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
financial condition and results of operations. The Company's clinical trials may
be delayed by many factors, including, but not limited to, slower than
anticipated patient enrollment, difficulty in finding a sufficient number of
patients fitting the appropriate trial profile or in the acquisition of
sufficient supplies of clinical trial materials or adverse events occurring
during the clinical trials. Completion of testing, studies and trials may take
several years, and the length of time varies substantially with the type,
complexity, novelty and intended use of the product. In addition, data obtained
from preclinical and clinical activities are susceptible to varying
interpretations, which could delay, limit or prevent regulatory approval. Delays
or rejections may be encountered based upon many factors, including changes in
regulatory policy during the period of product development and could have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and
results of operations.
Future Capital Needs; Uncertainty of Additional Funding. The Company will
require substantial additional funds to conduct the development and testing of
its potential products and to manufacture and market any products that may be
developed. The Company's future capital requirements will depend on numerous
factors, including the progress of its research and development programs, the
progress of preclinical and clinical testing, the time and costs involved in
obtaining regulatory approvals, the cost of filing, prosecuting, defending and
enforcing patent claims and other intellectual property rights, competing
technological and market developments, changes in the Company's existing
collaborative and licensing relationships, the ability of the Company to
establish additional collaborative relationships for the manufacture and
marketing of its potential products, and the purchase of additional capital
equipment. The Company will need to raise substantial additional capital to fund
its operations. The Company intends to seek such additional funding through
public or private financings, collaborative arrangements or from other sources.
If additional funds are raised by issuing equity securities, significant
dilution to existing stockholders may result. There can be no assurance that
additional financing will be available on acceptable terms or at all. If
adequate funds are not available, the Company may be required to delay, scale
back or eliminate one or more of its research, discovery or development
programs, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
financial condition and results of operations.
Uncertainties Associated with Clinical Trials. Shaman has conducted, and
plans to continue to conduct, extensive and costly clinical trials to assess the
safety and efficacy of its potential products. The rate of completion of the
Company's clinical trials is dependent upon, among other factors, the rate of
completion and approval of trial protocols, the availability of funds for trials
and the rate of patient enrollment. Patient enrollment is a function of many
factors, including the nature of the Company's clinical trial protocols,
existence of competing protocols, size of patient population, proximity of
patients to clinical sites and eligibility criteria for the study. Delays in
patient enrollment will result in increased costs and delays, which could have a
material adverse effect on the Company's ability to timely complete clinical
trials. The Company cannot assure that patients enrolled in its clinical trials
will respond to the Company's product candidates. Setbacks are to be expected in
conducting human clinical trials. Failure to comply with the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration ("FDA") regulations applicable to such testing can result in
delay, suspension or cancellation of such testing, and/or refusal by the FDA to
accept the results of such testing. One of the Company's clinical trials for
nikkomycin Z is being conducted in the United Kingdom not pursuant to an
Investigational New Drug application ("IND") filed with the FDA. Accordingly,
the data collected from such trial may not be accepted by the FDA, and for this
or other reasons, the Company may need to conduct additional Phase I trials
pursuant to an IND filed with the FDA. In addition, the FDA or the Company may
suspend clinical trials at any time if either of them concludes that any
patients participating in any such trial are being exposed to unacceptable
health risks. Further, there can be no assurance that human clinical testing
will demonstrate that any current or future product candidate is safe or
effective or that data derived from any such study will be suitable for
submission to the FDA or other regulatory authorities. Failure of the Company's
clinical trials to demonstrate safety or efficacy in humans could have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and
results of operations.
Dependence on Collaborative Relationships. The Company's research and
development efforts in its diabetes program and, to a lesser extent, in its
other programs, is dependent upon its arrangements with Lipha/Merck and Ono and
the compliance of such partners with the terms and conditions of such
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<PAGE> 8
collaborative agreements including, without limitation, providing funding for
research and development efforts and the achievement of milestones and assisting
the Company in its research and development efforts. These partners may develop
products that may compete with those of the Company. The amount and timing of
resources they allocate to these programs is not within the Company's control.
There can be no assurance that these partners will perform their obligations as
expected or that any significant revenues will ultimately be derived from such
agreements. The Company's agreement with Ono may be terminated in the event Ono
determines further development of compounds is not warranted, provided certain
other conditions are met, and the Lipha/Merck agreement may be terminated in
September 1998 if no compound discovered under the collaboration has entered
human clinical trials. Termination of either agreement is subject to certain
surviving obligations. If one or more such partners elected to terminate their
relationships with the Company, or if the Company or its partners fail to
achieve targeted milestones, it could have a material adverse effect on the
Company's ability to fund such programs, or to develop any products on a
collaborative basis with such partners.
Rapid Technological Change and Substantial Competition. The pharmaceutical
industry is subject to rapid and substantial technological change. Technological
competition from pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies and universities is
intense. Many of these entities have significantly greater research and
development capabilities, as well as substantial marketing, manufacturing,
financial and managerial resources, and represent significant competition for
the Company. There can be no assurance that developments by others will not
render the Company's products or technologies noncompetitive or that the Company
will be able to keep pace with technological developments. Competitors have
developed or are in the process of developing technologies that are, or in the
future may be, the basis for competitive products. Some of these products may
have an entirely different approach or means of accomplishing the desired
therapeutic effect than products developed by the Company. These competing
products may be more effective and less costly than the products developed by
the Company. In addition, other forms of medical treatment may offer competition
to the Company's products. The development of competing compounds could have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition or
results of operations.
Government Regulation; No Assurance of Regulatory Approvals. All new drugs,
including the Company's products under development, are subject to extensive and
rigorous regulation by the federal government, principally the FDA, and
comparable agencies in state and local jurisdictions and in foreign countries.
These authorities impose substantial requirements upon the preclinical and
clinical testing, manufacturing and marketing of pharmaceutical products. The
steps required before a drug may be approved for marketing in the United States
generally include (i) preclinical laboratory and animal tests, (ii) the
submission to the FDA of an IND for human clinical testing, (iii) adequate and
well controlled human clinical trials to establish the safety and efficacy of
the drug, (iv) submission to the FDA of a New Drug Application ("NDA") and (v)
satisfactory completion of an FDA inspection of the manufacturing facility or
facilities at which the drug is made to assess compliance with current Good
Manufacturing Practices ("cGMP"). Lengthy and detailed preclinical and clinical
testing, validation of manufacturing and quality control processes, and other
costly and time-consuming procedures are required. Satisfaction of these
requirements typically takes several years and the time needed to satisfy them
may vary substantially, based on the type, complexity and novelty of the
pharmaceutical product. The effect of government regulation may be to delay or
to prevent marketing of potential products for a considerable period of time and
to impose costly procedures upon the Company's activities. There can be no
assurance that the FDA or any other regulatory agency will grant approval for
any products developed by the Company on a timely basis, or at all. Success in
preclinical or early stage clinical trials does not assure success in later
stage clinical trials. Data obtained from preclinical and clinical activities
are susceptible to varying interpretations which could delay, limit or prevent
regulatory approval. If regulatory approval of a product is granted, such
approval may impose limitations on the indicated uses for which a product may be
marketed. Further, even if regulatory approval is obtained, later discovery of
previously unknown problems with a product may result in restrictions on the
product, including withdrawal of the product from the market. Any delay or
failure in obtaining regulatory approvals would have a material adverse effect
on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operation.
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<PAGE> 9
Among the conditions for FDA approval of a pharmaceutical product is the
requirement that the manufacturer's (either the Company's own or a third-party
manufacturer) quality control and manufacturing procedures conform to current
cGMP, which must be followed at all times. The FDA strictly enforces cGMP
requirements through periodic unannounced inspections. There can be no assurance
that the FDA will determine that the facilities and manufacturing procedures of
the Company or any third-party manufacturer of the Company's planned products
will conform to cGMP requirements. Additionally, the Company or its third-party
manufacturer must pass a preapproval inspection of its manufacturing facilities
by the FDA before obtaining marketing approval. Failure to comply with
applicable regulatory requirements may result in penalties such as restrictions
on a product's marketing or withdrawal of a product from the market.
The FDA's policies may change and additional government regulations may be
promulgated which could prevent or delay regulatory approval of the Company's
potential products. Moreover, increased attention to the containment of
healthcare costs in the United States could result in new government regulations
which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business. The
Company is unable to predict the likelihood of adverse governmental regulation
which might arise from future legislative or administrative action, either in
the United States or abroad.
Dependence on Sources of Supply. The Company currently imports all of the
plant materials from which its products are derived from countries in North,
Central and South America, Africa and Southeast Asia. To the extent that its
products cannot be economically synthesized or otherwise produced, the Company
will continue to be dependent upon a supply of raw plant material. The Company
does not have formal agreements in place with all of its suppliers. In addition,
a continued source of plant supply is subject to the risks inherent in
international trade. These risks include unexpected changes in regulatory
requirements, exchange rates, tariffs and barriers, difficulties in coordinating
and managing foreign operations, political instability and potentially adverse
tax consequences. Interruptions in supply or material increases in the cost of
supply could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations. In addition, tropical rain forests, and
certain irreplaceable plant resources therein, are currently threatened with
destruction. In the event portions of the rain forests are destroyed which
contain the source material from which Shaman's current or future products are
derived, such destruction could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations.
Limited Manufacturing and Marketing Experience and Capacity. The Company
currently produces products only in quantities necessary for clinical trials and
does not have the staff or facilities necessary to manufacture products in
commercial quantities. As a result, the Company must rely on collaborative
partners or third-party manufacturing facilities, which may not be available on
commercially acceptable terms adequate for Shaman's long-term needs. If the
Company should encounter delays or difficulties in establishing relationships
with qualified manufacturers to produce, package and distribute its finished
products, clinical trials, regulatory filings, market introduction and
subsequent sales of such products could be adversely affected.
Contract manufacturers must adhere to cGMP regulations strictly enforced by
the FDA on an ongoing basis through its facilities inspection program. Contract
manufacturing facilities must pass a pre-approval plant inspection before the
FDA will approve an NDA. Certain material manufacturing changes that occur after
approval are also subject to FDA review and clearance or approval. There can be
no assurance that the FDA or other regulatory agencies will approve the process
or the facilities by which any of the Company's products may be manufactured.
The Company's dependence on third parties for the manufacture of products may
adversely affect the Company's ability to develop and deliver products on a
timely and competitive basis. Should the Company be required to manufacture
products itself, the Company will be subject to the regulatory requirements
described above, to similar risks regarding delays or difficulties encountered
in manufacturing any such products and will require substantial additional
capital. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to manufacture
any such products successfully or in a cost-effective manner.
The Company currently has no marketing or sales staff. To the extent that
the Company does not or is unable to enter into co-promotion agreements or to
arrange for third party distribution of its products, significant additional
resources will be required to develop a marketing and sales force. There can be
no
8
<PAGE> 10
assurance that the Company will be able to enter into collaborative agreements
or establish a marketing and sales force.
Uncertainty Regarding Patents and Proprietary Rights. The Company's
success will depend in large part on its ability to obtain and maintain patents,
protect trade secrets and operate without infringing upon the proprietary rights
of others. Competitors may have filed patent applications, may have been issued
patents or may obtain additional patents and proprietary rights relating to
products or processes competitive with those of the Company. There can be no
assurance that the Company's patent applications will be approved, that the
Company will develop additional proprietary products that are patentable, that
any issued patents will provide the Company with adequate protection for its
inventions or will not be challenged by others, or that the patents of others
will not impair the ability of the Company to commercialize its products. The
patent position of firms in the pharmaceutical industry generally is highly
uncertain, involves complex legal and factual questions, and has recently been
the subject of much litigation. No consistent policy has emerged from the U.S.
Patent and Trademark Office or the courts regarding the breadth of claims
allowed or the degree of protection afforded under pharmaceutical patents. There
can be no assurance that others will not independently develop similar products,
duplicate any of the Company's products or design around any patents of the
Company.
A number of pharmaceutical companies and research and academic institutions
have developed technologies, filed patent applications or received patents on
various technologies that may be related to the Company's business. Some of
these technologies, applications or patents may conflict with the Company's
technologies or patent applications.
In the United States, on December 16, 1996, the Patent and Trademark Office
declared an Interference between the Company's issued patent covering SP-303,
its specific proanthocyanidin polymer composition, and a United States
application corresponding to a granted European patent of Leon Cariel and the
Institut des Substances Vegetales by Daniel Jean and Leon Cariel. The
Interference is to determine who is the first inventor of the subject matter of
one claim of the Company's patent and one claim of the third party Cariel et al.
patent application under the U.S. patent laws. The party Cariel et al. has
recently filed a Motion conceding priority of invention of the subject matter at
issue in the Interference to the Company and, on July 14, 1997, the Patent and
Trademark Office terminated the Interference by adverse judgment against the
party Cariel et al. and favorable judgment to the Company's patent.
Additionally, in connection with the Interference proceeding, the Company
has had an opportunity to review the claims and file history of the Daniel Jean
and Leon Cariel patent application which, under U.S. patent law, are kept
confidential. One broad claim, in particular, of the Daniel Jean and Leon Cariel
patent application, which was not involved in the Interference proceeding and
which has been indicated to be allowable, covers a large variety of
proanthocyanidin polymers. Based on opinion of counsel, the Company believes
that this broad claim is subject to attack as invalid in view of prior art. In
addition, based on opinion of counsel regarding inequitable conduct, uncovered
during the Interference proceeding by Daniel Jean and Leon Cariel in connection
with prosecution of their patent application, the Company believes that this
broad claim is subject to attack as unenforceable. Based on knowledge of the
Company's specific proanthocyanidin polymer composition, the Company believes
that the manufacture, use or sale of its specific proanthocyanidin polymer
composition would not constitute infringement of this broad claim, once it
issues. There can be no assurance, however, that the Company would prevail
should an action for infringement of such claim be commenced.
In addition, if patents that cover the Company's activities have been or
are issued to other companies, there can be no assurance that the Company would
be able to obtain licenses to these patents at a reasonable cost, or at all, or
be able to develop or obtain alternative technology. If the Company does not
obtain such licenses, it could encounter delays or be precluded from introducing
products to the market. Litigation may be necessary to defend against or assert
claims of infringement, to enforce patents issued to the Company or to protect
trade secrets or know-how owned by the Company. Additional interference
proceedings may be desired or necessary to determine issues of invention; such
litigation and/or interference proceedings could
9
<PAGE> 11
result in substantial cost to and diversion of effort by, and may have a
material adverse effect on, the Company. In addition, there can be no assurance
that these efforts by the Company will be successful.
In countries foreign to the United States, the European Patent Office, the
French Patent Office and the German Patent Office, as well as the Australian
Patent Office, have each granted a patent containing broad claims to
proanthocyanidin polymer compositions (and methods of use of such compositions),
which are similar to the Company's specific proanthocyanidin polymer
composition, to Leon Cariel and the Institut des Substances Vegetales. The
effective filing date of these patents is prior to the effective filing date of
the Company's foreign filed pending patent application in Europe. The Company
has instituted an Opposition in the European Patent Office against the granted
European Patent No. 472531 owned by Leon Cariel and Institut des Substances
Vegetales. Based on opinions of foreign counsel, the Company believes that the
granted claims are invalid and intends to vigorously prosecute the Opposition.
There can be no assurances that the Company will be successful in having the
granted European patent revoked or the claims sufficiently narrowed so as not to
potentially cover the Company's proanthocyanidin polymer composition and methods
of use. There can be no assurance that Leon Cariel and the Institut des
Substances Vegetales will not assert claims relating to this patent against the
Company. There can be no assurance that the Company would be able to obtain a
license to this patent at all or at reasonable cost, or be able to develop or
obtain alternative technology to use in Europe or elsewhere.
The Company's competitive position is also dependent upon unpatented trade
secrets. There can be no assurance that others will not independently develop
substantially equivalent proprietary information and techniques or otherwise
gain access to the Company's trade secrets, that such trade secrets will not be
disclosed or that the Company can effectively protect its rights to unpatented
trade secrets. To the extent that the Company or its consultants or research
collaborators use intellectual property owned by others in their work for the
Company, disputes also may arise as to the rights in related or resulting
know-how and inventions.
Uncertainty of Product Pricing, Reimbursement and Related Matters. The
Company's business may be materially adversely affected by the continuing
efforts of governmental and third party payors to contain or reduce the costs of
healthcare through various means. For example, in certain foreign markets, the
pricing or profitability of healthcare products is subject to government
control. In the United States, there have been, and the Company expects there
will continue to be, a number of federal and state proposals to implement
similar government control. While the Company cannot predict whether any such
legislative or regulatory proposals or reforms will be adopted, the announcement
of such proposals or reforms could have a material adverse effect on the
Company's ability to raise capital or form collaborations, and the adoption of
such proposals or reforms could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, financial condition or results of operations.
In addition, in both the United States and elsewhere, sales of healthcare
products are dependent in part on the availability of reimbursement from third
party payors, such as government and private insurance plans. Significant
uncertainty exists as to the reimbursement status of newly approved healthcare
products, and third party payors are increasingly challenging the prices charged
for medical products and services. If the Company succeeds in bringing one or
more products to the market, there can be no assurance that reimbursement from
third party payors will be available or will be sufficient to allow the Company
to sell its products on a competitive or profitable basis.
Possible Volatility of Stock Price. From time to time, the stock market has
experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that may be unrelated to
the operating performance of particular companies or industries. In addition,
the market price of the Company's Common Stock, like the stock prices of many
publicly traded biotechnology and smaller pharmaceutical companies, has been and
may continue to be highly volatile. Announcements of technological innovations,
regulatory matters or new commercial products by the Company or its competitors,
developments or disputes concerning patent or proprietary rights, publicity
regarding actual or potential medical results relating to products under
development by the Company or its competitors, regulatory developments in both
the United States and foreign countries, public concern as to the safety of
pharmaceutical products, and economic and other external factors, as well as
period-to-period
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<PAGE> 12
fluctuations in financial results, may have a significant impact on the market
price of Shaman's Common Stock.
Environmental Regulation. In connection with its research and development
activities and manufacturing of clinical trial materials, the Company is subject
to federal, state and local laws, rules, regulations and policies governing the
use, generation, manufacture, storage, air emission, effluent discharge,
handling and disposal of certain materials and wastes. Although the Company
believes that it has complied with these laws and regulations in all material
respects and has not been required to take any action to correct any
noncompliance, there can be no assurance that the Company will not be required
to incur significant costs to comply with environmental and health and safety
regulations in the future. The Company's research and development activities
involve the controlled use of hazardous materials, chemicals, viruses and
various radioactive compounds. Although the Company believes that its safety
procedures for handling and disposing of such materials comply with the
standards prescribed by state and federal regulations, the risk of accidental
contamination or injury from these materials cannot be completely eliminated. In
the event of such an accident, the Company could be held liable for any damages
that result and such liability could exceed the resources of the Company.
Anti-Takeover Effect of Delaware Law and Certain Charter and Bylaws
Provisions. Certain provisions of the Company's Certificate of Incorporation and
Bylaws may have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to
acquire, or discouraging a third party from attempting to acquire, control of
the Company. Such provisions could limit the price that certain investors might
be willing to pay in the future for shares of the Company's Common Stock. The
Company's Board of Directors has the authority to issue up to 600,000 shares of
Preferred Stock and to determine the price, rights, preferences, privileges and
restrictions of those shares without any further vote or action by the
stockholders. The rights of the holders of Common Stock will be subject to, and
may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of any Preferred Stock
that may be issued in the future. The issuance of Preferred Stock, while
providing desirable flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions and
other corporate purposes, could have the effect of making it more difficult for
a third party to acquire a majority of the outstanding voting stock of the
Company. The Company has no present plans to issue shares of Preferred Stock.
Certain provisions of Delaware law applicable to the Company could also delay or
make more difficult a merger, tender offer or proxy contest involving the
Company, including Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which
prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any business combination with
any interested stockholder for a period of three years unless certain conditions
are met.
Product Liability Exposure; Limited Insurance Coverage. The Company's
business exposes it to potential product liability risks which are inherent in
the development, testing, manufacture, marketing and sale of pharmaceutical
products. Product liability insurance for the pharmaceutical industry generally
is expensive. There can be no assurance that the Company's present product
liability insurance coverage is adequate. Such existing coverage will not be
adequate as the Company further develops its products, and no assurance can be
given that adequate insurance coverage against all potential claims will be
available in sufficient amounts or at a reasonable cost.
Limitation of Liability and Indemnification. The Company's Certificate of
Incorporation limits, to the maximum extent permitted by Delaware Law, the
personal liability of directors for monetary damages for breach of their
fiduciary duties as a director. The Company's Bylaws provide that the Company
shall indemnify its officers and directors and may indemnify its employees and
other agents to the fullest extent permitted by law. The Company has entered
into indemnification agreements with its officers and directors containing
provisions which are in some respects broader than the specific indemnification
provisions contained in Delaware Law. The indemnification agreements may require
the Company, among other things, to indemnify such officers and directors
against certain liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service
as directors or officers (other than liabilities arising from willful misconduct
of a culpable nature), to advance their expenses incurred as a result of any
proceeding against them as to which they could be indemnified, and to obtain
directors' and officers' insurance, if available on reasonable terms. Section
145 of the Delaware Law provides that a corporation may indemnify a director,
officer, employee or agent made or threatened to be made a party to an action by
reason of the fact that he was a director, officer, employee or
11
<PAGE> 13
agent of the corporation or was serving at the request of the corporation
against expenses actually and reasonably incurred in connection with such action
if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not
opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any
criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct
was unlawful. Delaware Law does not permit a corporation to eliminate a
director's duty of care, and the provisions of the Company's Certificate of
Incorporation have no effect on the availability of equitable remedies, such as
injunction or rescission, for a director's breach of the duty of care.
Dependence on Key Personnel. The Company's ability to maintain its
competitive position depends in part upon the continued contributions of its key
senior management. The Company's future performance also depends on its ability
to attract and retain qualified management and scientific personnel. Competition
for such personnel is intense, and there can be no assurance that the Company
will be able to continue to attract, assimilate or retain other highly qualified
technical and management personnel in the future. The loss of key personnel or
the failure to recruit additional personnel or to develop needed expertise could
have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition
and results of operations.
12
<PAGE> 14
SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
The following table sets forth certain information, as of the date hereof,
with respect to the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by each
of the Selling Stockholders and as adjusted to give effect to the sale of the
Shares offered hereby. The Shares are being registered to permit public
secondary trading of the Shares, and the Selling Stockholders may offer the
Shares for resale from time to time. See "Plan of Distribution."
The Shares being offered hereby by the Selling Stockholders may be
acquired, from time to time, upon (i) the conversion of $10,400,000 aggregate
principal amount of the Notes, which were acquired by them from the Company in a
private placement transaction pursuant to those certain Note Purchase
Agreements, dated as of June 30, 1997 (the "Agreements"), and pursuant to an
Engagement Agreement, dated April 17, 1997, as amended on June 30, 1997, between
the Company and Diaz & Altschul Capital, LLC, as placement agent, and (ii) the
payment by the Company of interest on the Notes in the form of Common Stock in
lieu of cash, at the Company's option. This Prospectus covers the resale by the
Selling Stockholders of up to 2,300,000 Shares, plus, in accordance with Rule
416 under the Securities Act, such presently indeterminate number of additional
Shares as may be issuable upon conversion of the Notes or payment of interest on
the Notes, based upon fluctuations in the conversion price of the Notes. See
"Recent Developments."
Each Selling Stockholder that is party to an Agreement represented to the
Company that it will acquire the Shares for investment and with no present
intention of distributing the Shares. In lieu of granting the Selling
Stockholders demand registration rights, the Company has filed with the
Commission, under the Securities Act, a Registration Statement on Form S-3, of
which this Prospectus forms a part, with respect to the resale of the Shares
from time to time on The Nasdaq National Market or in privately-negotiated
transactions and has agreed to prepare and file such amendments and supplements
to the Registration Statement as may be necessary to keep such Registration
Statement effective until the Shares are no longer required to be registered for
the sale thereof by the Selling Stockholders.
The Company has agreed to register a specified number of Shares for resale
by the Selling Stockholders. The number of Shares shown in the following table
as being offered by the Selling Stockholders does not include such presently
indeterminate number of shares of Common Stock as may be issuable upon
conversion of the Notes pursuant to the provisions thereof regarding
determination of the applicable conversion price but which shares are, in
accordance with Rule 416 under the Securities Act, included in the Registration
Statement of which this Prospectus forms as part. Such number also does not
include such presently indeterminate number of shares as may be issued to the
Selling Stockholders in payment of interest on the Notes, at the option of the
Company, in lieu of cash interest.
The Shares covered by this Prospectus may be offered from time to time by
the Selling Stockholders named below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
OWNERSHIP
NUMBER OF AFTER OFFERING(1)
NUMBER OF SHARES ---------------------
NAMES OF SHARES OWNED BEING NUMBER OF
SELLING STOCKHOLDERS PRIOR TO OFFERING(1)(2) OFFERED(3) SHARES PERCENT
- ----------------------------------------- ----------------------- --------- --------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Delta Opportunity Fund, Ltd.(4)(6)....... 590,909 590,909 0 0%
Nelson Partners(5)....................... 295,455 295,455 0 0%
Olympus Securities, Ltd.(5).............. 295,455 295,455 0 0%
Omicron Partners, LP..................... 454,545 454,545 0 0%
OTA Limited Partnership(6)............... 109,091 109,091 0 0%
Overbrook Fund I, LLC(6)(7).............. 72,727 72,727 0 0%
Diaz & Altschul Capital, LLC(4)(6)....... 72,727 72,727 0 0%
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) Percentage of beneficial ownership is calculated assuming 17,531,029 shares
of Common Stock were outstanding as of June 30, 1997. Beneficial ownership
is determined in accordance with the rules of the
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<PAGE> 15
Commission and generally includes voting or investment power with respect
to securities. Shares of Common Stock subject to options or warrants
currently exercisable or convertible, or exercisable or convertible within
60 days of June 30, 1997, are deemed outstanding for computing the
percentage of the person holding such option or warrant but are not deemed
outstanding for computing the percentage of any other person. Pursuant to
the terms of the Notes, no Selling Stockholder can convert any portion of
such Selling Stockholder's Notes if such conversion would increase such
Selling Stockholder's beneficial ownership of the Common Stock (other than
shares so owned through ownership of the Notes) to in excess of 4.9%.
Except as indicated in the footnotes to this table and pursuant to
applicable community property laws, the persons named in the table have
sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of Common Stock
beneficially owned.
(2) Represents the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of
the Notes calculated using an assumed conversion price of $5.50 with
respect to the face value of the Notes, based upon certain conversion
provisions of the Notes (which price could fluctuate from time to time on
and after November 8, 1997 based on changes in the market price of the
Common Stock).
(3) Represents the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of
the Notes calculated using an assumed conversion price of $5.50 with
respect to the face value of the Notes, based upon certain conversion
provisions of the Notes (which price could fluctuate from time to time on
and after November 8, 1997 based on changes in the market price of the
Common Stock). Does not include up to 315,000 shares of Common Stock which
may be issued and paid in lieu of cash, at the Company's option, as
interest on the Notes. This Prospectus also covers the resale of such
presently indeterminate number of additional Shares as may be issuable upon
conversion of the Notes or payment of interest on the Notes, based upon
fluctuations in the conversion price of the Notes.
(4) Diaz & Altschul Advisors, LLC, a New York limited liability company ("D&A
Advisors"), serves as investment advisor to Delta Opportunity Fund, Ltd.
("Delta"), and may be deemed to share beneficial ownership of the Shares
beneficially owned by Delta by reason of shared power to dispose of the
Shares beneficially owned by Delta. D&A Advisors and Diaz & Altschul
Capital, LLC ("D&A Capital") are under common control with Diaz & Altschul
Group, LLC ("D&A Group"). D&A Advisors and D&A Group disclaim beneficial
ownership of the Shares beneficially owned by such Selling Stockholder.
(5) Citadel Limited Partnership is the managing general partner of Nelson
Partners ("Nelson"), and the trading manager of Olympus Securities, Ltd.
("Olympus") and consequently has voting control and investment discretion
over securities held by both Nelson and Olympus. The ownership information
for Nelson does not include the Shares owned by Olympus and the ownership
information for Olympus does not include the Shares owned by Nelson.
(6) OTA Limited Partnership ("OTA") serves as a trading consultant to Delta,
Overbrook Fund I, LLC ("Overbrook") and D&A Capital and may be deemed to
share beneficial ownership of the Shares beneficially owned by such Selling
Stockholders by reason of shared power to dispose of the Shares
beneficially owned by such Selling Stockholders. OTA disclaims beneficial
ownership of such Shares.
(7) Mr. Arthur G. Altschul, Jr., a managing member of D&A Group, also serves as
the managing member of Overbrook. Mr. Altschul may be deemed to share
beneficial ownership of all Shares beneficially owned by Overbrook by
reason of the power to dispose of the Shares beneficially owned by
Overbrook. Mr. Altschul disclaims such beneficial ownership.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
The Company will receive no proceeds from this offering. The Shares offered
hereby may be sold by the Selling Stockholders or by pledgees, donees,
transferees or other successors in interest that receive such shares as a gift,
partnership distribution or other non-sale related transfer. The Shares may be
sold from time to time in transactions in the over-the-counter market, in
negotiated transactions, or a combination of such methods of sale, at fixed
prices which may be changed, at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at
prices related to prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices. The Selling
Stockholders may effect such transactions by
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<PAGE> 16
selling the Shares to or through broker-dealers, including block trades in which
brokers or dealers will attempt to sell the Shares as agent but may position and
resell the block as principal to facilitate the transaction, or in one or more
underwritten offerings on a firm commitment or best effort basis. Sales of
Selling Stockholders' Shares may also be made pursuant to Rule 144 under the
Securities Act, where applicable.
To the extent required under the Securities Act, the aggregate amount of
Selling Stockholders' Shares being offered and the terms of the offering, the
names of any such agents, brokers, dealers or underwriters and any applicable
commission with respect to a particular offer will be set forth in an
accompanying Prospectus supplement. Any underwriters, dealers, brokers or agents
participating in the distribution of the Shares may receive compensation in the
form of underwriting discounts, concessions, commissions or fees from a Selling
Stockholder and/or purchasers of Selling Stockholders' Shares, for whom they may
act (which compensation as to a particular broker-dealer might be in excess of
customary commissions).
From time to time, one or more of the Selling Stockholders may pledge,
hypothecate or grant a security interest in some or all of the Shares owned by
them, and the pledgees, secured parties or persons to whom such securities have
been hypothecated shall, upon foreclosure in the event of default, be deemed to
be Selling Stockholders hereunder. In addition, a Selling Stockholder may, from
time to time, sell short the Common Stock of the Company, and in such instances,
this Prospectus may be delivered in connection with such short sales and the
Shares offered hereby may be used to cover such short sales.
From time to time one or more of the Selling Stockholders may transfer,
pledge, donate or assign such Selling Stockholders' Shares to lenders or others
and each of such persons will be deemed to be a "Selling Stockholder" for
purposes of this Prospectus. The number of Selling Stockholders' Shares
beneficially owned by those Selling Stockholders who so transfer, pledge, donate
or assign Selling Stockholders' Shares will decrease as and when they take such
actions. The plan of distribution for Selling Stockholders' Shares sold
hereunder will otherwise remain unchanged, except that the transferees,
pledgees, donees or other successors will be Selling Stockholders hereunder.
A Selling Stockholder may enter into hedging transactions with
broker-dealers and the broker-dealers may engage in short sales of the Common
Stock in the course of hedging the positions they assume with such Selling
Stockholder, including, without limitation, in connection with distributions of
the Common Stock by such broker-dealers. A Selling Stockholder may also enter
into option or other transactions with broker-dealers that involve the delivery
of the Common Stock to the broker-dealers, who may then resell or otherwise
transfer such Common Stock. A Selling Stockholder may also loan or pledge the
Common Stock to a broker-dealer and the broker-dealer may sell the Common Stock
so loaned or upon a default may sell or otherwise transfer the pledged Common
Stock.
In order to comply with the securities laws of certain states, if
applicable, the Shares will be sold in such jurisdictions only through
registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in certain states the
Shares may not be sold unless they have been registered or qualified for sale in
the applicable state or an exemption from the registration or qualification
requirement is available and is complied with.
The Selling Stockholders and any broker-dealers or agents that participate
with the Selling Stockholders in the distribution of the Shares may be deemed to
be "underwriters" within the meaning of the Securities Act, and any commissions
received by them and any profit on the resale of the Shares purchased by them
may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities
Act.
Under applicable rules and regulations under the Exchange Act, any person
engaged in the distribution of the Shares may not bid for or purchase shares of
Common Stock during a period which commences one business day (5 business days,
if the Company's public float is less than $25 million or its average daily
trading volume is less than $100,000) prior to such person's participation in
the distribution, subject to exceptions for certain passive market making
activities. In addition and without limiting the foregoing, each Selling
Stockholder will be subject to applicable provisions of the Exchange Act and the
rules and regulations thereunder, including, without limitation, Regulation M
which provisions may limit the timing of purchases and sales of shares of the
Company's Common Stock by such Selling Stockholder.
15
<PAGE> 17
The Shares were originally issued to the Selling Stockholders pursuant to
an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act provided
by Section 4(2) thereof. The Company agreed to register the Shares under the
Securities Act and to indemnify and hold the Selling Stockholders harmless
against certain liabilities under the Securities Act that could arise in
connection with the sale by the Selling Stockholders of the Shares. The Company
has agreed to pay all reasonable fees and expenses incident to the filing of
this Registration Statement.
LEGAL MATTERS
The legality of the securities offered hereby will be passed upon for the
Company by Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison LLP, Palo Alto, California.
EXPERTS
The financial statements of the Company appearing in the Company's Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996, as amended, have been
audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors, as set forth in their report
thereon included therein and incorporated herein by reference. Such financial
statements are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such report
given upon the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
16
<PAGE> 18
======================================================
NO DEALER, SALESPERSON OR OTHER PERSON HAS BEEN AUTHORIZED TO GIVE ANY
INFORMATION OR TO MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS OTHER THAN THOSE CONTAINED IN THIS
PROSPECTUS AND, IF GIVEN OR MADE, SUCH INFORMATION OR REPRESENTATIONS MUST NOT
BE RELIED UPON AS HAVING BEEN AUTHORIZED BY THE COMPANY. THIS PROSPECTUS DOES
NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL OR A SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY TO ANY
PERSON IN ANY JURISDICTION IN WHICH SUCH OFFER OR SOLICITATION WOULD BE UNLAWFUL
OR TO ANY PERSON TO WHOM IT IS UNLAWFUL. NEITHER THE DELIVERY OF THIS PROSPECTUS
NOR ANY OFFER OR SALE MADE HEREUNDER SHALL, UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, CREATE ANY
IMPLICATION THAT THERE HAS BEEN NO CHANGE IN THE AFFAIRS OF THE COMPANY OR THAT
THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS CORRECT AS OF ANY TIME SUBSEQUENT TO THE
DATE HEREOF.
------------------------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
----
<S> <C>
Available Information................. 2
Incorporation of Certain Documents by
Reference........................... 2
The Company........................... 4
Risk Factors.......................... 5
Selling Stockholders.................. 13
Plan of Distribution.................. 14
Legal Matters......................... 16
Experts............................... 16
</TABLE>
======================================================
======================================================
2,300,000 SHARES
SHAMAN
PHARMACEUTICALS,
INC.
COMMON STOCK
------------------------
PROSPECTUS
------------------------
JULY , 1997
======================================================
<PAGE> 19
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
ITEM 14. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION
The following table sets forth the various expenses expected to be incurred
by the Registrant in connection with the sale and distribution of the securities
being registered hereby. All amounts are estimated except the Securities and
Exchange Commission registration fee and The Nasdaq National Market listing fee.
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
SEC registration fee.................................... $ 3,811.55
NNM listing fees........................................ 17,500.00
Accounting fees and expenses............................ 10,000.00
Legal fees and expenses................................. 137,500.00
Printing and engraving expenses......................... 25,000.00
Miscellaneous fees and expenses......................... 5,000.00
----------
Total......................................... $198,811.55
==========
</TABLE>
ITEM 15. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended (the
"DGCL"), provides that a corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a
party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or
completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal or investigative
(other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the
fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the
corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a
director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint
venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys'
fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably
incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or proceeding, if he acted
in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to
the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action
or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful.
Section 145 further provides that a corporation similarly may indemnify any such
person serving in any such capacity who was or is a party or is threatened to be
made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the
right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor, against expenses
actually and reasonably incurred in connection with the defense or settlement of
such action or suit if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably
believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation and
except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or
matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the
corporation unless and only to the extent that the Delaware Court of Chancery or
such other court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon
application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the
circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to
indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court
shall deem proper.
Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL permits a corporation to include in its
certificate of incorporation a provision eliminating or limiting the personal
liability of a director to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary
damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, provided that such provision
shall not eliminate or limit the liability of a director (i) for any breach of
the director's duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for
acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a
knowing violation of law, (iii) under Section 174 of the DGCL (relating to
unlawful payment of dividends and unlawful stock purchase and redemption) or
(iv) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal
benefit.
The Registrant's Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that the
Registrant's directors shall not be liable to the Registrant or its stockholders
for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except to the
extent that exculpation from liabilities is not permitted under the DGCL as in
effect at the time
II-1
<PAGE> 20
such liability is determined. The Registrant has entered into indemnification
agreements with all of its officers and directors, as permitted by the DGCL.
ITEM 16. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
The exhibits listed in the Exhibit Index as filed as part of this
Registration Statement.
(a) Exhibits
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
3.1* Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as filed with the Delaware
Secretary of State on June 3, 1997.
3.2(9) Amended and Restated By-Laws, as amended March 29, 1996.
4.1(9) Certificate of Designation of Preferences of Series A Preferred Stock
of the Registrant, as filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on
July 27, 1996.
5.1* Opinion of Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison LLP.
10.1(1)(13) 1990 Stock Option Plan, as amended.
10.2(1)(13) 401(k) Plan.
10.3(1)(13) Form of Stock Purchase Agreement.
10.4(1) Form of Confidentiality Agreement-Employees & Consultants.
10.5(1) Form of Confidentiality Agreement-Strategic Planning.
10.6(1) Form of Indemnification Agreement.
10.7(1)(13) Form of Employment Agreement.
10.8(1) Form of Agreement with Scientific Strategy Team Members.
10.9(1) Form of Proprietary Information and Inventions Agreement-Employees.
10.10(1) Form of Proprietary Information and Inventions Agreement-Consultants.
10.11(1) Letter Agreements dated December 8, 1989, May 30, 1990, June 21, 1990,
August 24, 1990 and July 22, 1991, between Shaman and National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
10.12(1)(12) License Agreement dated February 8, 1990, between Shaman and Dr.
Michael Tempesta.
10.13(1)(13) Stock Purchase Agreement dated June 15, 1990, between Shaman and Lisa
A. Conte.
10.14(1) Master Equipment Lease Agreement dated September 28, 1990, between
Shaman and MMC/GATX Partnership No. I, with related schedules.
10.15(1) Series B Preferred Stock Warrants dated September 28, 1990 and June 28,
1991, issued to MMC/GATX Partnership No. I.
10.16(1)(12) License Agreement dated December 5, 1990, as amended January 19, 1992,
between Shaman and the University of British Columbia.
10.17(1) Master Equipment Lease Agreement dated December 26, 1990, between
Shaman and Lease Management Services, Inc.
10.18(1) Master Equipment Lease Agreement dated April 22, 1991, between Shaman
and Industrial Way I Limited Partnership.
10.19(1)(12) Contract Services Agreement dated May 23, 1991, February 1, 1992,
February 4, 1992, September 23, 1992 and October 30, 1992, between
Shaman and New Drug Services, Inc.
</TABLE>
II-2
<PAGE> 21
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
10.20(1)(12) License Agreement dated September 25, 1991, between Shaman and Inverni
della Beffa SpA.
10.21(1)(12) Manufacturing Agreement dated September 25, 1991 between Shaman and
Indena SpA.
10.22(1)(12) Master Clinical Trial Agreement dated September 30, 1991 between Shaman
and International Drug Registration, Inc.
10.23(1) Series D Preferred Stock Warrant dated February 3, 1992, issued to
MMC/GATX Partnership No. I.
10.24(1)(12) Supply Agreement dated June 1, 1992.
10.25(1)(12) Supply Agreement dated June 1, 1992.
10.26(2) Screening Agreement dated August 31, 1992, as amended June 2, 1993,
between Shaman and Merck Research Laboratories.
10.27(1)(12) Agreement dated October 16, 1992, between Shaman and International
Medical Technical Consultants, Inc.
10.28(5)(12) Research Agreement dated October 21, 1992, as amended April 27, 1994,
between Shaman and Eli Lilly and Company.
10.29(1) Registration Rights Agreement dated October 22, 1992, as amended
December 14, 1992, between Shaman and certain holders of preferred
stock of Shaman.
10.30(1) Industrial Lease Agreement dated January 1, 1993, between Shaman and
Grand/Roebling Investment Company.
10.31(1) Three Party Agreement dated as of January 1, 1993, by and among Berlex
Laboratories, Inc., Shaman and Grand/Roebling Investment Company.
10.32(2)(12) Letter Agreement dated March 1, 1993, between Shaman and Lederle-Praxis
Biologicals, Division of American Cynamide Corporation.
10.33(4) Contract Service Agreements dated May 10, 1993, between Shaman and R.C.
Benson & Sons, Inc.
10.34(4)(12) Clinical Trial Agreement dated July 21, 1993, between Shaman and the
University of Rochester.
10.35(4)(12) Letter Agreement dated August 24, 1993, between Shaman and University
of Michigan.
10.36(4)(12) Laboratory Services Agreement dated September 1, 1993, between Shaman
and Hazelton Washington, Inc.
10.37(4) Loan and Security Agreement dated September 27, 1993, between Shaman
and Household Commercial of California.
10.38(4) Master Equipment Lease Agreement dated September 30, 1993, between
Shaman and MMC/GATX Partnership No. I, with related schedules.
10.39(4) Common Stock Warrant dated September 30, 1993, issued to MMC/GATX
Partnership No. I.
10.40(4) Common Stock Warrant dated October 5, 1993, issued to Meier Mitchell &
Co.
10.41(6)(12) Joint Research and Product Development Agreement, dated May 24, 1995,
by and between Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Registrant.
10.41(a)(10) Amendment Agreement, dated December 4, 1996, to the Joint Research and
Product Development Agreement by and between Ono Pharmaceutical Co.,
Ltd. and Registrant.
</TABLE>
II-3
<PAGE> 22
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
10.42(6)(12) License Agreement, dated June 8, 1995, by and between Bayer AG and
Registrant.
10.43(7)(12) Development Agreement, dated January 11, 1996, by and between Abbott
Laboratories and Registrant.
10.44(7) Loan Agreement, dated October 20, 1995, by and between The Daiwa Bank,
Limited and Registrant.
10.45(7) Assignment and Assumption, dated February 2, 1996, between The Daiwa
Bank, Limited and The Sumitomo Bank, Limited.
10.46(8) Letter dated March 29, 1996 from The Sumitomo Bank, Limited to the
Registrant amending the Loan Agreement dated October 20, 1995.
10.47(9)(12) Subscription Agreement dated July 25, 1996 by and between the
Registrant and Fletcher International Limited.
10.48(10)(12) Joint Research and Product Development and Commercialization Agreement
dated September 23, 1996, by and between Lipha, Lyonnaise Industrielle
Pharmaceutique s.a. and the Registrant.
10.49(10)(12) Stock Purchase Agreement dated September 23, 1996, by and between
Lipha, Lyonnaise Industrielle Pharmaceutique s.a. and the Registrant.
10.50(11)(13) Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 1992 Stock Option Plan (as Amended and
Restated on February 14, 1997).
10.51(3)(13) Form of Notice of Grant with Stock Option Agreement.
10.52(3)(13) Form of Addendum to Stock Option Agreement (Special Tax Elections).
10.53(3)(13) Form of Addendum to Stock Option Agreement (Limited Stock Appreciation
Rights).
10.54(11)(13) Form of Non-Employee Director Automatic Stock Option Agreement.
10.55* Masopracol License Agreement, dated as of March 19, 1997, by and
between Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and the Registrant.
10.56*+ Amended and Restated Masopracol License Agreement, dated as of April
, 1997, by and between Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and the
Registrant.
10.57* Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of May 7, 1997, between MMC/GATX
Partnership I and Registrant.
10.57A* First Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of June 30,
1997, by and between Registrant and MMC/GATX Partnership No. I.
10.58* Secured Promissory Note, dated May 16, 1997, issued in favor of
MMC/GATX Partnership No. I.
10.59* Warrant, granted May 7, 1997, in favor of MMC/GATX Partnership No. I.
10.60* Amendment to Warrants, dated May 7, 1997, MMC/GATX Partnership No. I
and Registrant.
10.61* Engagement Agreement, dated April 17, 1997, by and between Registrant
and Diaz & Altschul Capital, LLC.
10.62* Amendment to Engagement Agreement, dated June 30, 1997, by and between
Registrant and Diaz & Altschul Capital, LLC.
10.63* Form of Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 30, 1997, by and
between Registrant and certain investors.
23.1* Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors.
</TABLE>
II-4
<PAGE> 23
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
23.2* Consent of Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison LLP (included in the opinion
filed as Exhibit 5.1).
24.1* Power of Attorney (included in Part II of this Registration Statement
under the caption "Signatures").
</TABLE>
- ---------------
* Filed herewith.
+ Confidential treatment has been requested as to certain portions of this
agreement. Such omitted confidential information has been designated by an
asterisk and has been filed separately with the Commission pursuant to Rule
406 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, pursuant to an
application for confidential treatment.
(1) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Registrant's
Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 33-55892 which was declared
effective January 26, 1993.
(2) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1993.
(3) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed on July 23, 1993 with
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. 33-66450.
(4) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed on November 10, 1993 with
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 33-71506.
(5) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1994.
(6) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1995, as amended.
(7) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with Registrant's Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995.
(8) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1996.
(9) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996, as amended.
(10) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1996, as amended.
(11) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed on June 30, 1997 with
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. 333-30365.
(12) Confidential treatment has been granted with respect to certain portions of
these agreements.
(13) Management contract or compensation plan.
(b) Financial Statement Schedules
No financial statement schedules are included because they are not required
or the required information is included in the financial statements or notes
thereto.
II-5
<PAGE> 24
ITEM 17. UNDERTAKINGS
The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:
(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a
post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement: (i) to include any
prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act; (ii) to reflect
in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the
Registration Statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof)
which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the
information set forth in the Registration Statement; and (iii) to include any
material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously
disclosed in the Registration Statement or any material change to such
information in the Registration Statement; provided, however, that (i) and (ii)
do not apply if the Registration Statement is on Form S-3 or Form S-8, and the
information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by (i) and
(ii) is contained in periodic reports filed with or furnished to the Commission
by the Registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act
that are incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement.
(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities
Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration
statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such
securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering
thereof.
(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any
of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the
offering.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act
may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the
Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant
has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission
such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act
and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification
against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses
incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant
in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such
director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being
registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter
has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate
jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public
policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final
adjudication of such issue.
The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of
determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the
Registrant's annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the
Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan's
annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is
incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement shall be deemed to be a
new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the
offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona
fide offering thereof.
The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that:
(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the
information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this
Registration Statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of
prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h)
under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this Registration
Statement as of the time it was declared effective.
(2) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act,
each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed
to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein,
and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the
initial bona fide offering thereof.
II-6
<PAGE> 25
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Company
certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the
requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Registration
Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized, in the City of South San Francisco, State of California, on the 22nd
day of July, 1997.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By: /s/ LISA A. CONTE
------------------------------------
Lisa A. Conte
President, Chief Executive Officer
and
Chief Financial Officer
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature
appears below does hereby constitute and appoint jointly and severally, Lisa A.
Conte and G. Kirk Raab, or either of them, as his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and
resubstitution, for him or her and in his or hear name, place and stead, in any
and all capacities, to sign the Registration Statement filed herewith and any
and all amendments to said Registration Statement (including post-effective
amendments and registration statements filed pursuant to Rule 462 and
otherwise), and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents
in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting
unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and
authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary
to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as he
or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that
said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their substitute of
substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the undersigned has executed this Power of
Attorney as of the date indicated.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed below by the persons whose signatures
appear below, which persons have signed such Registration Statement in the
capacities and on the dates indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NAME TITLE DATE
- --------------------------------------------- --------------------------------- --------------
<C> <S> <C>
/s/ LISA A. CONTE Director, President, Chief July 22, 1997
- --------------------------------------------- Executive Officer and Chief
Lisa A. Conte Financial Officer (Principal
Executive and Financial
Officer)
/s/ G. KIRK RAAB Chairman of the Board July 22, 1997
- ---------------------------------------------
G. Kirk Raab
/s/ HERBERT H. MCDADE, JR. Director July 22, 1997
- ---------------------------------------------
Herbert H. McDade, Jr.
/s/ M. DAVID TITUS Director July 22, 1997
- ---------------------------------------------
M. David Titus
/s/ JOHN A. YOUNG Director July 22, 1997
- ---------------------------------------------
John A. Young
</TABLE>
II-7
<PAGE> 26
INDEX OF EXHIBITS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SEQUENTIALLY
EXHIBIT NUMBERED
NUMBER DESCRIPTION PAGE
- -------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C>
3.1* Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as filed with the Delaware
Secretary of State on June 3, 1997.................................
3.2(9) Amended and Restated By-Laws, as amended March 29, 1996............
4.1(9) Certificate of Designation of Preferences of Series A Preferred
Stock of the Registrant, as filed with the Delaware Secretary of
State on July 27, 1996.............................................
5.1* Opinion of Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison LLP.........................
10.1(1)(13) 1990 Stock Option Plan, as amended.................................
10.2(1)(13) 401(k) Plan........................................................
10.3(1)(13) Form of Stock Purchase Agreement...................................
10.4(1) Form of Confidentiality Agreement-Employees & Consultants..........
10.5(1) Form of Confidentiality Agreement-Strategic Planning...............
10.6(1) Form of Indemnification Agreement..................................
10.7(1)(13) Form of Employment Agreement.......................................
10.8(1) Form of Agreement with Scientific Strategy Team Members............
10.9(1) Form of Proprietary Information and Inventions
Agreement-Employees................................................
10.10(1) Form of Proprietary Information and Inventions
Agreement-Consultants..............................................
10.11(1) Letter Agreements dated December 8, 1989, May 30, 1990, June 21,
1990, August 24, 1990 and July 22, 1991, between Shaman and
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases..............
10.12(1)(12) License Agreement dated February 8, 1990, between Shaman and Dr.
Michael Tempesta...................................................
10.13(1)(13) Stock Purchase Agreement dated June 15, 1990, between Shaman and
Lisa A. Conte......................................................
10.14(1) Master Equipment Lease Agreement dated September 28, 1990, between
Shaman and MMC/GATX Partnership No. I, with related schedules......
10.15(1) Series B Preferred Stock Warrants dated September 28, 1990 and June
28, 1991, issued to MMC/GATX Partnership No. I.....................
10.16(1)(12) License Agreement dated December 5, 1990, as amended January 19,
1992, between Shaman and the University of British Columbia........
10.17(1) Master Equipment Lease Agreement dated December 26, 1990, between
Shaman and Lease Management Services, Inc. ........................
10.18(1) Master Equipment Lease Agreement dated April 22, 1991, between
Shaman and Industrial Way I Limited Partnership....................
10.19(1)(12) Contract Services Agreement dated May 23, 1991, February 1, 1992,
February 4, 1992, September 23, 1992 and October 30, 1992, between
Shaman and New Drug Services, Inc. ................................
10.20(1)(12) License Agreement dated September 25, 1991, between Shaman and
Inverni della Beffa SpA............................................
10.21(1)(12) Manufacturing Agreement dated September 25, 1991 between Shaman and
Indena SpA.........................................................
10.22(1)(12) Master Clinical Trial Agreement dated September 30, 1991 between
Shaman and International Drug Registration, Inc. ..................
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 27
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SEQUENTIALLY
EXHIBIT NUMBERED
NUMBER DESCRIPTION PAGE
- -------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C>
10.23(1) Series D Preferred Stock Warrant dated February 3, 1992, issued to
MMC/GATX Partnership No. I.........................................
10.24(1)(12) Supply Agreement dated June 1, 1992................................
10.25(1)(12) Supply Agreement dated June 1, 1992................................
10.26(2) Screening Agreement dated August 31, 1992, as amended June 2, 1993,
between Shaman and Merck Research Laboratories.....................
10.27(1)(12) Agreement dated October 16, 1992, between Shaman and International
Medical Technical Consultants, Inc. ...............................
10.28(5)(12) Research Agreement dated October 21, 1992, as amended April 27,
1994, between Shaman and Eli Lilly and Company.....................
10.29(1) Registration Rights Agreement dated October 22, 1992, as amended
December 14, 1992, between Shaman and certain holders of preferred
stock of Shaman....................................................
10.30(1) Industrial Lease Agreement dated January 1, 1993, between Shaman
and Grand/Roebling Investment Company..............................
10.31(1) Three Party Agreement dated as of January 1, 1993, by and among
Berlex Laboratories, Inc., Shaman and Grand/Roebling Investment
Company............................................................
10.32(2)(12) Letter Agreement dated March 1, 1993, between Shaman and
Lederle-Praxis Biologicals, Division of American Cynamide
Corporation........................................................
10.33(4) Contract Service Agreements dated May 10, 1993, between Shaman and
R.C. Benson & Sons, Inc. ..........................................
10.34(4)(12) Clinical Trial Agreement dated July 21, 1993, between Shaman and
the University of Rochester........................................
10.35(4)(12) Letter Agreement dated August 24, 1993, between Shaman and
University of Michigan.............................................
10.36(4)(12) Laboratory Services Agreement dated September 1, 1993, between
Shaman and Hazelton Washington, Inc. ..............................
10.37(4) Loan and Security Agreement dated September 27, 1993, between
Shaman and Household Commercial of California......................
10.38(4) Master Equipment Lease Agreement dated September 30, 1993, between
Shaman and MMC/GATX Partnership No. I, with related schedules......
10.39(4) Common Stock Warrant dated September 30, 1993, issued to MMC/GATX
Partnership No. I..................................................
10.40(4) Common Stock Warrant dated October 5, 1993, issued to Meier
Mitchell & Co......................................................
10.41(6)(12) Joint Research and Product Development Agreement, dated May 24,
1995, by and between Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Registrant...
10.41(a)(10) Amendment Agreement, dated December 4, 1996, to the Joint Research
and Product Development Agreement by and between Ono Pharmaceutical
Co., Ltd. and Registrant...........................................
10.42(6)(12) License Agreement, dated June 8, 1995, by and between Bayer AG and
Registrant.........................................................
10.43(7)(12) Development Agreement, dated January 11, 1996, by and between
Abbott Laboratories and Registrant.................................
10.44(7) Loan Agreement, dated October 20, 1995, by and between The Daiwa
Bank, Limited and Registrant.......................................
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 28
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SEQUENTIALLY
EXHIBIT NUMBERED
NUMBER DESCRIPTION PAGE
- -------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C>
10.45(7) Assignment and Assumption, dated February 2, 1996, between The
Daiwa Bank, Limited and The Sumitomo Bank, Limited.................
10.46(8) Letter dated March 29, 1996 from The Sumitomo Bank, Limited to the
Registrant amending the Loan Agreement dated October 20, 1995......
10.47(9)(12) Subscription Agreement dated July 25, 1996 by and between the
Registrant and Fletcher International Limited......................
10.48(10)(12) Joint Research and Product Development and Commercialization
Agreement dated September 23, 1996, by and between Lipha, Lyonnaise
Industrielle Pharmaceutique s.a. and the Registrant................
10.49(10)(12) Stock Purchase Agreement dated September 23, 1996, by and between
Lipha, Lyonnaise Industrielle Pharmaceutique s.a. and the
Registrant.........................................................
10.50(11)(13) Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 1992 Stock Option Plan (as Amended and
Restated on February 14, 1997).....................................
10.51(3)(13) Form of Notice of Grant with Stock Option Agreement................
10.52(3)(13) Form of Addendum to Stock Option Agreement (Special Tax
Elections).........................................................
10.53(3)(13) Form of Addendum to Stock Option Agreement (Limited Stock
Appreciation Rights)...............................................
10.54(11)(13) Form of Non-Employee Director Automatic Stock Option Agreement.....
10.55* Masopracol License Agreement, dated as of March 19, 1997, by and
between Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and the Registrant............
10.56*+ Amended and Restated Masopracol License Agreement, dated as of
April , 1997, by and between Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and the
Registrant.........................................................
10.57* Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of May 7, 1997, between
MMC/GATX Partnership I and Registrant..............................
10.57A* First Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of June
30, 1997, by and between Registrant and MMC/GATX Partnership No.
I..................................................................
10.58* Secured Promissory Note, dated May 16, 1997, issued in favor of
MMC/GATX Partnership No. I.........................................
10.59* Warrant, granted May 7, 1997, in favor of MMC/GATX Partnership No.
I..................................................................
10.60* Amendment to Warrants, dated May 7, 1997, MMC/GATX Partnership No.
I and Registrant...................................................
10.61* Engagement Agreement, dated April 17, 1997, by and between
Registrant and Diaz & Altschul Capital, LLC........................
10.62* Amendment to Engagement Agreement, dated June 30, 1997, by and
between Registrant and Diaz & Altschul Capital, LLC................
10.63* Form of Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 30, 1997, by and
between Registrant and certain investors...........................
23.1* Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors.................
23.2* Consent of Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison LLP (included in the opinion
filed as Exhibit 5.1)..............................................
24.1* Power of Attorney (included in Part II of this Registration
Statement under the caption "Signatures")..........................
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 29
- ---------------
* Filed herewith.
+Confidential treatment has been requested as to certain portions of this
agreement. Such omitted confidential information has been designated by an
asterisk and has been filed separately with the Commission pursuant to Rule 406
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, pursuant to an application for
confidential treatment.
(1) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Registrant's
Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 33-55892 which was declared
effective January 26, 1993.
(2) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1993.
(3) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed on July 23, 1993 with
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. 33-66450.
(4) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed on November 10, 1993 with
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 33-71506.
(5) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1994.
(6) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1995, as amended.
(7) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with Registrant's Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995.
(8) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1996.
(9) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996, as amended.
(10) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1996, as amended.
(11) Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed on June 30, 1997 with
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. 333-30365.
(12) Confidential treatment has been granted with respect to certain portions of
these agreements.
(13) Management contract or compensation plan.
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 3.1
PAGE 1
State of Delaware
Office of the Secretary of State
--------------------
I, EDWARD J. FREEL, SECRETARY OF STATE OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE, DO
HEREBY CERTIFY THE ATTACHED IS A TRUE AND CORRECT COPY OF THE RESTATED
CERTIFICATE OF "SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.", FILED IN THIS OFFICE ON THE THIRD
DAY OF JUNE, A.D. 1997, AT 11:30 O'CLOCK A.M.
A CERTIFIED COPY OF THIS CERTIFICATE HAS BEEN FORWARDED TO THE NEW
CASTLE COUNTY RECORDER OF DEEMS FOR RECORDING.
EDWARD J. FREEL
-----------------------------------
Edward J. Freel, Secretary of State
[SEAL] AUTHENTICATION: 8510128
DATE: 06-13-97
<PAGE> 2
AMENDED AND RESTATED
CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
a Delaware Corporation
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a corporation organized and existing
under the laws of the State of Delaware, hereby certifies as follows:
1. The name of this corporation is Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc. The
original Certificate of Incorporation of the corporation was filed with the
Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on December 21, 1992.
2. The Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation has been duly
adopted by its Board of Directors and stockholders in accordance with the
provisions of Sections 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law of the State
of Delaware.
3. The text of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation is hereby
restated to read in its entirety as follows:
ARTICLE I
The name of this corporation is Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
ARTICLE II
The address of the registered office of the corporation in the State of
Delaware is 1209 Orange Street, in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle.
The name of its registered agent at such address is The Corporation Trust
Company.
ARTICLE III
The nature of the business or purposes to be conducted or promoted is
to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized
under General Corporation Law of Delaware.
<PAGE> 3
ARTICLE IV
A. Classes of Stock. The corporation is authorized to issue two classes
of shares to be designated, respectively, Common Stock ("Common") and Preferred
Stock ("Preferred"). The total number of shares of Preferred the corporation
shall have authority to issue is 1,000,000 with a par value of $0.001 per share,
and the total number of shares of Common the corporation shall have authority to
issue is 40,000,000 with a par value of $0.001 per share.
B. Rights, Preferences and Restrictions of Preferred. The Preferred
authorized by this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation may be
issued from time to time in series. The Board of Directors is hereby authorized
to fix or alter the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions granted to
or imposed upon any authorized series of Preferred, and the number of shares
constituting any such series and the designation thereof, or of any of them.
Subject to compliance with applicable protective voting rights which may be
granted to the holders of the Preferred or series thereof in Certificates of
Designation or in the corporation's Certificate of Incorporation, as amended and
restated from time to time, and requirements and restrictions of applicable law
("Protective Provisions"), the rights, privileges, preferences and restrictions
of any such additional series may be subordinated to, pari passu with
(including, without limitation, inclusion in provisions with respect to
liquidation and acquisition preferences, redemption and/or approval of matters
by vote or written consent), or senior to any of those of any present or future
class or series of Preferred or Common. Subject to compliance with applicable
Protective Provisions, the Board of Directors is also authorized to increase or
decrease the number of shares of any series, prior or subsequent to the issue of
that series, but not below the number of shares of such series then outstanding.
In case the number of shares of any series shall be so decreased, the shares
constituting such decrease shall resume the status which they had prior to the
adoption of the resolution originally fixing the number of shares of such
series.
C. Common Stock.
Section 1. Dividend Rights. Subject to the prior rights of holders of
all classes of stock at the time outstanding having prior rights as to
dividends, the holders of the Common shall be entitled to receive, when and as
declared by the Board of Directors, out of any assets of the corporation legally
available therefor, such dividends as may be declared from time to time by the
Board of Directors.
Section 2. Redemption. The Common is not redeemable.
Section 3. Voting Rights. The holder of each share of Common shall have
the right to one vote, and shall be entitled to notice of any stockholders'
meeting in accordance with this Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation and the Bylaws of this corporation, and shall be entitled to vote
upon such matters and in such manner as may be provided by law.
2.
<PAGE> 4
Section 4. Residual Rights. All rights accruing to the outstanding
shares of the corporation not expressly provided for to the contrary herein
shall be vested in the Common.
ARTICLE V
Except as otherwise provided in this Amended and Restated Certificate
of Incorporation, in furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred
by statute, the Board of Directors is expressly authorized to make, repeal,
alter, amend and rescind from time to time any or all of the Bylaws of the
corporation.
ARTICLE VI
The number of directors of the corporation shall be fixed from time to
time by a Bylaw or amendment thereof duly adopted by the Board of Directors or
by the stockholders.
The Board of Directors shall be and is divided into two classes, Class
I and Class II. Such classes shall be as nearly equal in number of directors as
possible. Each director shall serve for a term ending on the second annual
meeting following the annual meeting at which such director was elected;
provided however, that the directors first elected to Class I, which class shall
initially consist of three (3) directors, shall serve for a term ending on the
annual meeting next following the end of fiscal year 1993 and the directors
first elected to Class II, which class shall initially consist of four (4)
directors, shall serve for a term ending on the second annual meeting next
following the end of fiscal year 1994. The foregoing notwithstanding, each
director shall serve until his successor shall have been duly elected and
qualified, unless he shall resign, become disqualified, disabled or shall
otherwise be removed. Any director or the entire Board of Directors may be
removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of the shares
entitled to vote at an election of directors.
At each annual election, directors chosen to succeed those whose terms
then expire shall be of the same class as the directors they succeed, unless by
reason of any intervening changes in the authorized number of directors, the
Board shall designate one or more directorships whose term then expires as
directorships of another class in order more nearly to achieve equality of
number of directors among the classes.
Notwithstanding the rule that the two classes shall be as nearly equal
in number of directors as possible, in the event of any change in the authorized
number of directors each director then continuing to serve as such shall
nevertheless continue as a director of the class of which he is a member until
the expiration of his current term, or his prior death, resignation or removal.
If any newly created directorship may, consistently with the rule that the two
classes shall be as nearly equal in number of directors as possible, be
allocated to one of two classes, the Board shall allocate it to that of the
available classes whose term of office is due to expire at the earliest date
following such allocation.
3.
<PAGE> 5
ARTICLE VII
Elections of directors need not be by written ballot unless the Bylaws
of the corporation shall so provide.
ARTICLE VIII
Meetings of stockholders may be held within or outside of the State of
Delaware, as the Bylaws may provide. The books of the corporation may be kept
(subject to any provision contained in the statutes) outside the State of
Delaware at such place or places as may be designated from time to time by the
Board of Directors or in the Bylaws of the corporation.
ARTICLE IX
A director of the corporation shall not be personally liable to the
corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary
duty as a director, except for liability (i) for any breach of the director's
duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or
omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing
violation of law, (iii) under Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation
Law, or (iv) for any transaction from which the director derived any improper
personal benefit. If the Delaware General Corporation Law is hereafter amended
to authorize, with the approval of the corporation's stockholders, further
reductions in the liability of the corporation's directors for breach of
fiduciary duty, then a director of the corporation shall not be liable for any
such breach to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation
Law as so amended. Any repeal or modification of the foregoing provisions of
this Article IX by the stockholders of the corporation shall not adversely
affect any right or protection of a director of the corporation existing at the
time of such repeal or modification.
ARTICLE X
The corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change or repeal
any provision contained in this Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation, in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by statute, and all
rights conferred on stockholders herein are granted subject to this reservation.
4.
<PAGE> 6
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation has been signed by the President and the Secretary of the
corporation this 30th day of May, 1997.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By /s/ LISA A. CONTE
-----------------------------
Lisa A. Conte, President
ATTEST:
/s/ J. STEPHAN DOLEZALEK
- -----------------------------------
J. Stephan Dolezalek, Secretary
<PAGE> 1
Exhibit 5.1
[BROBECK, PHLEGER & HARRISON LETTERHEAD]
July 23, 1997
Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
213 East Grand Avenue
South San Francisco, CA 94080
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as counsel to Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware
corporation (the "Company"), in connection with the registration of up to Two
Million Three Hundred Thousand (2,300,000) shares of the Company's Common Stock
(the "Shares"), as described in the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 23, 1997 under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Registration Statement").
We have examined originals or copies of (i) the Amended and Restated
Certificate of Incorporation of the Company; (ii) the Certificate of Designation
of Preferences of Series A Preferred Stock of the Company; (iii) the Bylaws of
the Company; (iv) certain resolutions of the Board of Directors of the Company;
and (v) such other documents and records as we have deemed necessary and
relevant for the purposes hereof. In addition, we have relied on certificates of
officers of the Company and certificates of public officials as to certain
matters of fact relating to this opinion and have made such investigations of
law as we have deemed necessary and relevant as a basis hereof.
We have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of
all documents, certificates and records submitted to us as originals, the
conformity to authentic original documents, certificates and records of all such
documentation submitted to us as copies and the truthfulness of all statements
of facts contained therein. Based on the foregoing and subject to the
limitations set forth herein and having due regard for such legal considerations
as we deem relevant, we are of the opinion that the Shares, when issued and sold
in the manner described in the Registration Statement, will be validly issued,
fully paid and nonassessable shares of the Common Stock.
The foregoing opinion is based on and limited to the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and the relevant federal laws of the
United States, and we express no opinion with respect to the laws of any other
jurisdiction.
<PAGE> 2
Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc. July 23, 1997
Page 2
We consent to the use of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration
Statement, and further consent to the use of our name wherever appearing in the
Registration Statement, including the prospectus constituting a part thereof,
and in any amendment or supplement thereto.
Very truly yours,
/s/ BROBECK, PHLEGER & HARRISON LLP
-----------------------------------
BROBECK, PHLEGER & HARRISON LLP
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 10.55
MASOPRACOL LICENSE AGREEMENT
Masopracol License Agreement (hereinafter "Agreement"), effective March 19, 1997
("Effective Date") is by and between Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc a Delaware
corporation having its principal place of business at 2600 North Stemmons
Freeway, Suite 176, Dallas, TX 75207-2107 (hereinafter "Access") and Shaman
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. a Delaware Corporation having its principal place of
business at 213 East Grand Avenue, South San Francisco, CA 94080-4812
(hereinafter "Shaman").
PREAMBLE
WHEREAS Access has rights to certain pre-clinical data, the rights to reference
the ActinexTM New Drug Application ("NDA") on file at the US Food and Drug
Administration ("FDA") and Patents for the synthesis of Masopracol;
WHEREAS Shaman wishes to utilize the pre-clinical data and reference the NDA on
file at the FDA and to obtain exclusive rights for the use of Masopracol and
synthetic analogues in diabetes and related disease, including hyperlipidemia,
("The Field") and Access is willing to grant such rights;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premises and of the mutual
covenants of the parties hereinafter contained, the parties hereto agree as
follows:
<PAGE> 2
ARTICLE 1. DEFINITIONS.
1.01 The term "Affiliate" shall mean:
a) any corporation, firm, partnership or other entity which directly or
indirectly owns, is owned by or is under common ownership with a party, to the
extent of at least fifty percent (50%) of the equity (or such lesser percentage
which is the maximum allowed to be owned of a foreign corporation in a
particular jurisdiction) having the power to vote on or direct the affairs of
the entity, and
b) any person, firm, partnership, corporation or other entity actually
controlled by, controlling or under common control with a party.
1.02 The term "Products" shall mean:
any product developed in The Field pursuant to the terms of an
Agreement which will be negotiated between the Parties within 60 days of the
Effective Date incorporating the terms of the memorandum of understanding dated
November 21, 1996 with the initialed changes by Kerry P. Gray, attached hereto
as Schedule A.
1.03 The term "Licensed Territory shall mean:
Worldwide
1.04 The term "Requested Data" shall mean:
The pre-clinical data listed on Schedule B attached hereto.
<PAGE> 3
ARTICLE 2. GRANT OF LICENSE.
2.01 Grant of License:
a) Subject to the terms and conditions of this agreement, Access hereby
grants to Shaman an exclusive license, with the right to sublicense, to
utilize the Masopracol pre-clinical data and to reference the
Actinex(TM) NDA on file with the FDA in its regulatory filings, solely
for the purpose of developing therapeutic or diagnostic products in The
Field.
b) Sub-licensing Rights: Shaman is granted rights to provide the Requested
Data to sub-licensees with Access approval, which shall not be
unreasonably withheld.
ARTICLE 3. TERM OF THE AGREEMENT
3.01 This Agreement shall commence upon the Effective Date and shall expire
December 31, 2006.
ARTICLE 4. OBLIGATION OF ACCESS
4.01 Upon effectiveness of this agreement Access will promptly provide Shaman
with all the requested pre-clinical data listed on Schedule B attached hereto.
4.02 Access or its licensee will provide a letter to the FDA permitting Shaman
to reference the ActinexTM NDA, and take any additional steps necessary so that
Shaman is allowed to reference the Actinex(TM) NDA.
4.03 Access or its licensee will provide a letter assuring Shaman the right to
purchase Masopracol from Western Engineering and Research Company.
<PAGE> 4
ARTICLE 5. EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION AND CONFIDENTIALITY.
5.01 Exchange of Information
Access shall promptly disclose to Shaman all pre-clinical data
requested by Shaman that is in Access' possession and any other information
related to the synthesis of Masopracol and its analogues which is requested by
Shaman. Shaman and any development partners or sub- licensee will limit
disclosure of all exchanged information to only those of its officers, employees
and consultants who are bound by appropriate obligations to maintain the
confidentiality of such data and information.
5.02 Confidentiality
Except where specifically requested in writing by Shaman and approved
by Access, Shaman agrees to keep in strict confidence and not to disclose to any
person other than those described in Section 5.01 above without the prior
written consent of Access any data and information obtained from Access under
this Agreement, provided, however, that the provisions of this section shall not
apply to the data and information which;
a) becomes known to Shaman through a third party who has the right to disclose
the data and information to Shaman, or
b) is or becomes known to the public other than as a result of any disclosure or
other act by Shaman, or
c) are required to be furnish to regulatory authorities. The obligation of
Shaman under this Section shall survive termination of this Agreement for a
period of five (5) years.
<PAGE> 5
ARTICLE 6. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES.
6.01 Due Authorities.
ACCESS and Shaman each represent to the other that they have full power
and authority to enter into this Agreement and to carry out the transactions
contemplated hereby.
ARTICLE 7. EXCHANGE OF DATA
7.01 Promptly after the execution of this Agreement and from time to time
thereafter during the term of this Agreement, Access shall disclose to Shaman
all relevant additional data possessed by Access generated on Masopracol or its
analogues which is necessary or helpful for Shaman or its sublicensees:
a) to obtain the NDA approvals or other governmental approvals to
market the Products in the Licensed Territory,
b) to manufacture Products in The Field, and
c) to generally fulfill the purpose of this Agreement.
7.02 During the term of this Agreement, Shaman may use any data disclosed by
Access to Shaman hereunder for the purpose of developing products for use in the
field without any additional payment.
ARTICLE 8. TRADEMARKS AND TRADE NAMES.
8.01 Trademarks.
Shaman and its sublicensees shall choose and own all trademarks and trade names
which are specific to the individual Products in the Territory.
<PAGE> 6
8.02 Application and Maintenance.
Product specific trademarks will be applied for and maintained by Shaman in the
Territory and all the cost associated therewith shall be borne by Shaman.
ARTICLE 9. TERMINATION
9.01 Term
This Agreement shall be in effect for the period of duration set forth
in Section 3.01 hereof.
9.02 Termination.
a) Either party may terminate this Agreement by giving written notice of
termination to the other party at any time during the term of this Agreement;
i) in the event that the other comments any material breach of
its obligations hereunder and fails to remedy such breach
within ninety (90) days after receipt of written notice
requesting the correction of the breach; or
ii) upon the filing or institution of bankruptcy, reorganization
or receivership proceedings by the other party or upon the
failure by the other party for more than ninety (90) days to
take steps to oppose the initiation of such actions against
it.
b) Exercise by either party hereto of a termination right provided for under
this Agreement shall not give rise to the payment of damages or any other form
of compensation or relief to the other party with respect hereto.
c) Subject to Section 9.02(b), termination of this Agreement shall not preclude
either party from claiming any other damages, compensation or relief that it may
be entitled to under this Agreement or by law or in equity upon such
termination.
<PAGE> 7
9.03 Effects of Termination.
If this Agreement is terminated as set forth in Section 9.02, Shaman
will:
a) Renounce all rights to utilize the Requested Data, reference the
ActinexTM NDA and utilize the Patents provided by and under this
Agreement.
b) Shaman will return all Confidential Information to Access.
ARTICLE 10. ARBITRATION.
10.01 Agreement to Arbitrate.
The Parties will endeavor to settle amicably any dispute which may
arise out of this Agreement. Failing of such settlement, any dispute shall be
finally settled by arbitration, in accordance with the rules then in effect of
the American Arbitration Association. The arbitration will be held in Denver,
Colorado. The dispute or difference shall be referred to a single arbitrator, if
the Parties agree upon one, or otherwise three (3) arbitrators, one to be
appointed by each party and the third to be appointed by the first two (2)
arbitrators selected by the Parties. If a Party shall refuse or neglect to
appoint an arbitrator within thirty (30) days after the other Party shall have
served a written notice of such other Party's choice and requesting that the
first-mentioned Party make its choice, then the arbitrator first appointed
shall, at the request of the Party appointing him, proceed to hear and determine
the matters in difference as if he were a single arbitrator appointed by both
parties.
10.02 Arbitration Decision.
The arbitrators shall base their decision in accordance with and based
upon all the provisions of this Agreement and any other agreements referenced
herein, to the extent such other agreements are not superseded by this Agreement
or subsequent agreements between the Parties. In making their decision, the
arbitrators shall apply the substantive law of the State of
<PAGE> 8
Delaware and the United States of America, excluding the United Nations
Convention on the international Sale of Goods. The decision of a majority of the
arbitrators shall be final and binding upon each Party, and judgment upon the
award may be entered in any court of competent jurisdiction.
10.03 Pre-Decision Settlement.
Before rendering their final decision, the arbitrators will first act
as friendly, disinterested parties for the purpose of helping the Parties
attempt to reach a compromise settlement on the points in dispute.
10.04 Payment of Costs.
The cost of arbitration will be in the discretion of the arbitrators.
Each Party shall pay its own costs associated with the arbitrators, plus
one-half of the costs of the arbitration itself (including but not limited to
arbitrators fees).
10.05 Injunctive Relief
Each of the parties hereto acknowledges and agrees that damages will
not be an adequate remedy for any material breach or violation of this Agreement
if such material breach or violation would cause immediate and irreparable harm
(an "Irreparable Breach"). Accordingly, in the event of a threatened or ongoing
Irreparable Breach, each Party hereto shall be entitled to seek, in any state or
federal court in the State of Delaware, equitable relief of a kind appropriate
in light of the nature of the ongoing threatened Irreparable Breach, which
relief may include, without limitation, specific performance or injunctive
relief, provided however, that if the Party bringing such action is unsuccessful
in obtaining the relief sought, the moving Party shall pay the non-moving
Party's reasonable costs, including attorney's fees, incurred in connection with
the defending such action. Such remedies shall not be the Parties' exclusive
remedies, but shall be in addition to all other remedies provided in this
agreement.
<PAGE> 9
ARTICLE 11. PAYMENTS
11.01 Payments
Access will receive the following payments:
i) $137,500 upon signing of this Agreement
ii) $25,000 on July 1, 1997
iii) $25,000 on October 1, 1997
iv) $87,500 on submission of an investigational new drug
application ("IND") for a therapeutic use of Masopracol
or a synthetic analogue in The Field with the FDA.
11.02 Development
Shaman will undertake at its own cost, the performance of all
formulation/clinical development work, regulatory actions and filings necessary
for government approval of the Products in the Territory.
ARTICLE 12. PUBLIC ANNOUNCEMENTS
12.01 Press Releases
Neither Party shall issue any press release in whatever form, or
make public, in whatever form, information regarding the Agreement without prior
written approval of the other party, except as required by applicable law and
regulations.
<PAGE> 10
ARTICLE 13. WARRANTIES, LIMITATIONS & INDEMNIFICATION
13.01 Access Limitation
Except as expressly set forth in this Agreement, Access makes no
representations or warranties of any kind, either express or implied, including
without limitation, warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular
purpose or with respect to (1) the scope of validity of any of the patent
rights; (2) whether the patent rights or technology may be exploited by licensee
or any sublicensee without infringing the rights (including patent rights) of
others; or (3) the results to be obtained by use of the patent rights, the
technology, or the licensed processes. The Patent rights and Requested Data are
delivered "As Is" in every respect.
13.02 Indemnification
Shaman shall at all times during the term of this Agreement and
thereafter, defend and hold Access, its officers, directors, employees, agents
and affiliates (together, Indemnities) harmless from and against all claims,
suits, demands, liability and expenses, including legal expenses and reasonable
attorneys' fees, arising out of (a) the death of or injury to any person or
persons, (b) damage to property, or (c) any other claim, proceeding, demand,
expense and liability of any kind whatsoever resulting from (i) the design,
production, manufacture, shipping, handling, use (in commerce or otherwise),
sale, lease, consumption, promotion or advertisement of the Products, services
or process relating to or developed by Shaman or a sub-licensee under this
Agreement (ii) any obligation or activity of Shaman under this Agreement or of
any sublicensee under any sublicense. Shaman's obligation under this 13.2 shall
apply without regard to whether any liability is attributable to Shaman's or
sublicensee's negligence.
<PAGE> 11
ARTICLE 14. MISCELLANEOUS
14.01 Governing Law.
This Agreement shall be construed and enforced in accordance with
the laws of the State of Delaware, United States of America.
14.02 Severability.
In the event any portion of this Agreement shall be held illegal,
void or ineffective, or in conflict with any applicable statute or rule of law,
such portion shall be deemed modified to the extent necessary to avoid such
result and the remaining portions shall remain in full force and effect. If
compliance with the foregoing sentence results in a material alteration of this
Agreement, the Parties agree to renegotiate in good faith the terms and
conditions of the altered portion in order to approximate as nearly as possible
the intent of the Parties with respect to any relevant portion
14.03 Waiver
The failure of Access and Shaman at any time to exercise or enforce
any right granted in this Agreement or obligation arising hereunder shall not be
deemed to be a waiver of such right or obligation or operate to bar the exercise
or enforcement thereof at any time thereafter.
14.04 Force Majeure
If either Party shall be delayed, hindered, interrupted in or
prevented from the performance of any obligation hereunder by reason of force
majeure (hereinafter referred to as "Force Majeure"), including earthquake,
flood or other act of God, fire, war (declared or undeclared), public disaster,
riots, strike or labor differences, governmental enactment, rule or regulation
or any other cause beyond such Party's reasonable control, such Party shall not
be liable to the other therefor; and the time for performance of such obligation
shall be extended for a period equal to the duration of the contingency which
occasioned the delay, interruption or prevention. The Party invoking such Force
Majeure rights under this Section must notify the other Party by registered
letter within a period of fifteen (15) days,
<PAGE> 12
from the first and last day of the Force Majeure unless the Force Majeure
renders such notification impossible in which case notification will be made as
soon as possible. If the delay resulting from the Force Majeure exceeds six (6)
months, the parties commit to consult together in good faith to find an
appropriate solution.
14.05 Successors and Assigns.
This Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit
of, successors and assigns of each of the Parties, but neither this Agreement
nor any of the rights, interests or obligations hereunder may be assigned by
either of the Parties hereto without the prior written consent of the other
Party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld; provided that the
Agreement may be assigned in the event of a transfer to an Affiliate, or in
connection with a merger, consolidation, or sale of substantially all of the
assets of the transferring Party. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary
herein, ACCESS may delegate to its Affiliates its duties and obligations
hereunder without the consent of Shaman.
14.06 Relationship of Parties
This Agreement shall not create an agency, partnership, joint
venture or employer/employee relationship between the Parties. Access and Shaman
each hereby agrees not to represent itself in any of such capabilities in any
manner whatsoever.
14.07 Captions.
The captions provided in this Agreement are for convenience of
reference only and shall not effect its interpretation.
14.08 The Agreement
This Agreement represents the entire agreement between the parties
relating to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all other writings and
discussions related to such subject matter.
<PAGE> 13
14.09 Notice
Any notice expressly provided for under this Agreement shall be in
writing, sent by registered or certified first class airmail, overnight express
mail or courier service, facsimile transmission or other similar electronic
means of written communication, addressed as set forth below:
If to Access: Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc
2600 North Stemmons Freeway, Suite 176
Dallas, Texas 75207
Attention: President and CEO
Copy to: Bingham, Dana and Gould LLP
150 Federal Street
Boston, Massachusetts, 02110-1726
If to Shaman: Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
213 East Grand Avenue,
South San Francisco, CA 94080-4812
Attention: President and CEO
Copy to:
-----------------------------------
-----------------------------------
-----------------------------------
Facsimile transmission numbers for the Parties are as follows:
If to Access USA 214-905-5101
If to Shaman USA 415-952-7070
<PAGE> 14
ACCESS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
by: /s/ KERRY P. GRAY by: /s/ A.S. Khandwala
----------------------- ---------------------------
Title: President & CEO Title: Sr. V.P. Development
----------------------- ---------------------------
Date: 03/19/97 Date: 03/24/97
----------------------- ---------------------------
<PAGE> 15
[SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. LETTERHEAD]
SCHEDULE A
November 21, 1996
Kerry Gray
President & CEO.
Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
2600 Stemmons Freeway, Suite 176.
Dallas, TX 75207-2107
Dear Kerry:
This is a follow-up to your facsimile dated November 14, 1996 and our phone
conversation this morning. Outline below is the memorandum of understanding
which will form the basis for a legal contract between Access Pharmaceutical,
Inc. and Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for right to reference Actinex(TM) NDA and
the right to purchase masoprocol from Western Engineering and Research
Corporation.
MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING
Access will Provide the Following:
1) Copies of the following studies and sections of the Actinex(TM) NDA and
NDS will be provided:
a) NDA Pharmacology summary*
b) NDS Pharmacology summary*
c) NDS CMC Section
d) T005-89 - Ames Test - CHX 100 - Summary & Report*
e) T003-87 - Acute Oral Rat Tox. - CHX 100 - Summary & Report*
f) T004-87 - Acute Oral Rabbit Tox. - CHX 100 - Summary & Report*
g) T004-89 - Target Organ Oral Rat Tox. - CHX 100 - Summary &
Report*
h) T004-89 - Oral Segment II - Rat - CHX 100 - Summary & Report*
i) T009-89 - Oral Rabbit Dose Finding Segment II - CHX 100 -
Summary & Report*
j) TOO1-90 - Oral Rabbit Segment II - CHX 100 - Summary & Report*
k) KOO1-84 - Rat Biodistribution, Oral, Intravenous and Dermal -
CHX 100 - Summary & Report*
* Denotes reports already received by Shaman Pharmaceuticals
2) If available, a copy of any oral mass balance studies on CHX 100
conducted by Chemex/Access
<PAGE> 16
3) Access will provide reports of Segment I & III reproductive safety
studies on CHX 100 in the first quarter of 1997.
4) Access or its licensee will provide letter to FDA to allow Shaman
Pharmaceuticals, inc. to reference the ActinexTM NDA
5) Access or its licensee will provide assurance of rights for Shaman to
purchase masoprocol from WEC (This may require a letter from
Swartz-Harma to WERC)
Shaman Will Provide the Following Compensation:
1) $25,000 upon signing of a definite agreement
2) $87,500 on January 2, 1997
3) $97,500 on submission of an IND to FDA
4) Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc. will pay Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
$75,000 in three equal installments of $25,000 each on April 1, 1997,
July 1, 1997 and October 1, 1997 for Segment I & III reproductive
safety studies,
In addition, Shaman will agree to license from Access, patent(s) relating to
synthesis of NDGA and analogs at the time of filing of the IND for masoprocol.
Shaman will pay Access $50,000 upon signing of licensing agreement. If Shaman
commercializes a product containing masoprocol or an analog, Shaman will pay
Access a Royalty of 0.25%. The length of royalty payment and definition of net
sales will be delineated in the contract and will be consistent with Shaman's
agreement with Lipha for marketing of diabetes products.
Please acknowledge your agreement with terms of this memorandum of understanding
by signing and returning a copy to me by facsimile.
I am certain that both Shaman and Access will benefit from this agreement.
/s/ A.S. Khandwala
Best Regards,
cc: Lisa Conte
<PAGE> 17
SCHEDULE B
1) Copies of the following studies and sections of the Actinex(TM) NDA and
NDS will be provided:
a) NDA Pharmacology summary
b) NDS Pharmacology summary
c) NDS CMC Section
d) T005-89 - Ames Test - CHX 100 - Summary & Report
e) T003-87 - Acute Oral Rat Tox. - CHX 100 - Summary & Report
f) T004-87 - Acute Oral Rabbit Tox. - CHX 100 - Summary & Report
g) T004-89 - Target Organ Oral Rat Tox. - CHX 100 - Summary &
Report
h) T004-89 - Oral Segment II - Rat - CHX 100 - Summary & Report
i) T009-89 - Oral Rabbit Dose Finding Segment II - CHX 100 -
Summary & Report
j) TOO1-90 - Oral Rabbit Segment II - CHX 100 - Summary & Report
k) KOO1-84 - Rat Biodistribution, Oral, Intravenous and Dermal -
CHX 100 - Summary & Report
2) If available, a copy of any oral mass balance studies on CHX 100
conducted by Chemex/Access
3) Segment I & III reproductive safety studies on CHX 100 (to be provided
in the 1st quarter 1997)
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 10.56
AMENDED AND RESTATED MASOPRACOL LICENSE AGREEMENT
THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED MASOPRACOL LICENSE AGREEMENT ("Agreement") is
made as of the ___ day of April, 1997 (the "Effective Date") by and between
Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a California corporation, with its principal place
of business at 213 East Grand Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080
(hereinafter referred to as "Shaman") and Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a
Delaware corporation with its principal place of business at 2600 Stemmons
Freeway, Suite 176, Dallas, Texas 75207-2107 (hereinafter referred to as
"Access").
WHEREAS, Shaman and Access previously entered into a Masopracol License
Agreement (the "Prior Agreement") dated as of March 19, 1997, pursuant to which
Access granted Shaman certain rights to reference an Access NDA filing and to
use Masopracol and its analogues for research purposes;
WHEREAS, the parties now desire to amend and restate the Prior
Agreement in order to grant Shaman the right (as contemplated by Section 1.02 of
the Prior Agreement) to make, use and sell Products incorporating Access
intellectual property rights as hereinafter set forth;
WHEREAS, Access owns or has licensed rights in certain pre-clinical
data, including rights to the Actinex(TM) New Drug Application ("NDA") and
associated Drug Master File ("DMF") on file at the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration ("FDA"), information relating to CHX 100, and Access Technology
and Patent Rights (as defined below) relating to Masopracol and the synthesis of
nordihydroguaiaretic acid ("NDGA") and their analogs;
WHEREAS, Shaman desires to secure a license to use such information,
Access Technology and Patent Rights for reference and research and development
purposes, and to produce, use and sell Licensed Products (as defined below), for
use in diabetes and related disease (the "Field") under the terms and conditions
set forth herein; and
NOW THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the covenants, conditions,
and undertakings hereinafter set forth, it is agreed by and between the parties
as follows:
1. Definitions.
1.1 "Affiliate" means: (i) any corporation, firm, partnership or
other entity which directly or indirectly owns, is owned by or is under common
ownership with a party, to the extent of at least fifty percent (50%) of the
equity (or such lesser percentage which is the maximum allowed to be owned of a
foreign corporation in a particular jurisdiction) having the power to vote on or
direct the affairs of the entity, and (ii) any person, firm, partnership,
- ----
*Certain confidential information has been omitted and filed
separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
<PAGE> 2
corporation or other entity actually controlled by, controlling or under common
control with a party.
1.2 "Access Information" means the information contained in the NDA
and the DMF and the studies, reports, applications, submissions and other
information owned by or licensed to Access listed in Exhibit A hereto.
1.3 "Access Technology" means any unpublished research and
development information, unpatented inventions, know-how, and technical data in
the possession of Access which relates to and is necessary for the practice of
the Patent Rights in the Field and which Access has the right to provide to
Shaman.
1.4 "Licensed Products" means any method, procedure, process,
product, or component part thereof developed for use in the Field which is
developed through the Access Information or Access Technology or as to which the
right to make, use or sell such Licensed Product would, but for the licenses
granted herein, infringe a valid Patent Right or which contains Masopracol or
NDGA and their analogs (as defined below).
1.5 "Licensed Territory" means the world.
1.6 "Patent Rights" means all rights of Access to any subject matter
described by, claimed in or covered by United States Patent Nos. 4,954,659
titled "1.4-Bis (Dihydroxyphenyl;" 4,774,229 titled "Modification of Plant
Extracts from Zygophyllaceae and Pharmaceutical Use Thereof;" and 4,562,298
titled "Methods of Synthesis of Optically Active Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid and
Intermediates," any improvements, continuations, continuations- in-part,
divisions and substitutions thereof, and any foreign patents corresponding
thereto, and/or any divisions, continuations, or reissue thereof.
1.7 "Net Sales" means the aggregate amount invoiced by Shaman
(including by its Affiliates, licensees and sublicensees) for or on account of
any sale to a non-affiliated purchaser of Licensed Products, less (i) normal and
customary trade discounts (i.e., consistent with customary practice for a
situation in which the Licensed Product is the only product being transferred
between seller and purchaser) allowed and taken, (ii) rebates to wholesalers,
(iii) returns, (iv) amounts for transportation and shipping charges to
purchasers if invoiced separately and paid by Shaman, and (v) taxes (not
including any taxes on income) and duties levied on such sale. Any commercial
use or sale of a Licensed Product at a reduced or promotional price by Shaman
(including its Affiliates, licensees and sublicensees) shall be consistent with
customary trade practices. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein,
Licensed Products shall be considered sold when paid.
1.8 "Valid Claim" means a claim of an issued, unexpired patent which
has not been: held invalid or unenforceable by a final decision of a court or
governmental agency of competent jurisdiction, which decision is unappealable or
was not appealed within the
2.
<PAGE> 3
time allowed therefor; or admitted in writing to be invalid or unenforceable by
the holder(s) pursuant to a reissue, disclaimer or otherwise.
2. Grant of Licenses.
2.1 Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Access
grants Shaman and its Affiliates: (i) an exclusive worldwide right and license,
with the right to sublicense subject to Access' prior written approval, which
approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, to use and exploit with the Field
the Access Information (including the Masopracol pre-clinical data and the right
to reference the Actinex NDA)) for reference and research and development
purposes; (ii) an exclusive, worldwide right and license, with the right to
sublicense, to use and exploit within the Field Access Technology, and to make,
use and sell Licensed Products in the Field incorporating, made using or derived
from Access Technology, upon the terms and conditions of this Agreement; and
(iii) an exclusive, worldwide license, with the right to sublicense, under the
Patent Rights to make, use and sell Licensed Products within the Field, to
practice any process, method or procedure covered by, and otherwise exploit, the
Patent Rights within the Field, upon the terms and conditions set forth herein.
2.2 Access shall, except to the extent that it has already done so,
on the Effective Date, promptly disclose to Shaman the Access Information and
provide Shaman with copies of the physical embodiments thereof, and, on the IND
Filing Date, promptly disclose to Shaman the Access Technology and provide
Shaman with copies of the physical embodiments thereof. Access shall provide
Shaman with reasonable assistance in understanding and implementing the Access
Information and the Access Technology. Shaman shall not disclose any unpublished
Access Information or Access Technology furnished by Access pursuant to this
Agreement to third parties during the term of this Agreement or any time
thereafter, provided, however, that Shaman may disclose any such Access
Information or Access Technology at any time: (1) with the prior written consent
of Access, (2) after the same shall have become public through no fault of
Shaman or (3) to sublicensees of Shaman or other persons or entities with whom
Shaman proposes to enter into a business relationship, provided that such
sublicensee or third party enters into a confidentiality agreement reasonably
calculated to maintain the confidentiality of such Access Information and Access
Technology. This Section 2.2 shall not restrict Shaman's right to sell and
promote Licensed Products.
2.3 Access shall, upon Shaman's request, promptly notify the FDA in
writing of Shaman's right to reference the ActinexTM NDA and DMF pursuant to
this Agreement. Access shall promptly provide Shaman with a copy of such written
notification to the FDA, as well as a copy of any responses thereto.
2.4 Access shall, within 90 days of the Effective Date, secure and
promptly provide written confirmation of Shaman's right to purchase its
requirements of Masopracol during the term of this Agreement from Western
Engineering and Research Corporation.
3.
<PAGE> 4
2.5 Access shall promptly disclose to Shaman all pre-clinical data
requested by Shaman that is in Access' possession and any other information
related to the synthesis of Masopracol and its analogues which is from time to
time requested by Shaman. Shaman and any development partners or sublicensee
will limit disclosure of all exchanged information to only those of its
officers, employees and consultants who are bound by appropriate obligations to
maintain the confidentiality of such data and information.
3. License Fee and Royalties.
3.1 Shaman has previously paid to Access as a license issue fee One
Hundred and Thirty-Seven Thousand Five Hundred Dollars ($137,500) upon the
execution of the Prior Agreement. Upon execution of this Amendment, Shaman shall
pay to Access Fifty Thousand Dollars ($50,000). In addition, Shaman shall pay to
Access the following milestone payments: (a) [ * ] Dollars [ * ] on [ * ]; (b)
[ * ] Dollars [ * ] on [ * ]; and (c) [ * ] Dollars [ * ] within [ * ] of [ * ]
for a therapeutic use of Masopracol or a synthetic analogue in the Field with
the FDA.
3.2 Shaman shall, with respect to each Licensed Product in each
country of sale until the later of (i) ten (10) years after the date such
Licensed Product is first commercialized; or (ii) the date of expiration of the
last valid patent covering the manufacture, sale or use of such Licensed Product
in such country, pay to Access a royalty in U.S. dollars at the rate of [ * ] of
Net Sales of Licensed Products as earned royalties, provided that such Licensed
Products are covered by a Valid Claim in the country in which, and at the time,
they are sold.
4. Timing of Royalty Payments; Records.
4.1 Within forty-five (45) days after the end of each calendar
quarter, Shaman shall pay to Access the royalty payment due for such quarter in
U.S. dollars without deduction of exchange collection, taxes or other fees that
may be imposed by any government. Such royalties shall be converted, where
applicable, from the currency of the country in which the sale was made into
U.S. dollars at the volume adjusted average exchange rate for such quarter as
published by The Wall Street Journal. Late payments to bear interest at prime
plus 2%).
4.2 Together with each quarterly royalty payment, Shaman shall
submit to Access a written accounting showing its computation of royalties due
under this Agreement for such quarter. Said accounting shall set forth gross
sales, Net Sales, the exchange rate applied, if any, and the total royalties due
for the quarter in question.
4.3 Shaman shall keep full and accurate books and records reflecting
the sales of Licensed Products and the data used in arriving at Net Sales and
the amount of royalties payable to Access hereunder for no less than three years
after the end of each such
- ----
*Certain confidential information on this page has been omitted and filed
separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
4.
<PAGE> 5
quarter. Shaman shall permit Access, at Access's expense, to have such books and
records examined by independent certified public accountants retained by Access
and reasonably acceptable to Shaman, an independent Big 6 accounting firm shall
be deemed reasonable, during regular business hours upon reasonable advance
notice, and no more often than one time per year. Such independent accountants
shall keep confidential any information obtained during such examination and
shall report to Access only the amounts of royalties which the independent
accountant believes to be due and payable hereunder. If the accounting firm
finds an underpayment of less than 5%, Shaman shall pay such amount; if the
underpayment is greater than 5%, then Shaman shall pay such amount plus interest
at 18% plus accounting fees.
5. Due Diligence. Shaman shall use its reasonable commercial efforts to
proceed with the research, development and commercialization of Licensed
Products and shall thereafter use its reasonable commercial efforts to offer for
sale the Licensed Products so developed during the term of this Agreement.
6. Term and Termination.
6.1 Unless earlier terminated in accordance with this Section 6,
this Agreement and the licenses granted herein shall continue until the later of
(i) ten (10) years after the date such Licensed Product is first commercialized;
or (ii) the date of expiration of the last valid patent covering the
manufacture, sale or use of such Licensed Product in such country.
6.2 Access may terminate this Agreement if Shaman is: in material
breach of this Agreement and Shaman fails to remedy such breach within thirty
(30) days after written notice of breach from Access; or adjudged bankrupt or
enter into a composition with or assignment to its creditors with respect to
substantially all of its assets.
6.3 Shaman may terminate this Agreement at any time upon sixty (60)
days written notice to Access.
6.4 Exercise by either party hereto of a termination right provided
for under this Agreement shall not give rise to the payment of damages or any
other form of compensation or relief to the other party with respect hereto.
6.5 Subject to the foregoing, termination of this Agreement shall
not preclude either party from claiming any other damages, compensation or
relief that it may be entitled to under this Agreement or by law or in equity
upon such termination.
6.6 If this Agreement is terminated as set forth in this Section 6,
Shaman will: (i) renounce all rights to utilize the Access Information,
reference the Actinex NDA and utilize the Licensed Patents; and (ii) return all
Confidential Information to Access.
5.
<PAGE> 6
6.7 The provisions of Sections 1, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14
hereof shall survive any expiration or termination of this Agreement.
7. Arbitration.
7.1 The Parties will endeavor to settle amicably any dispute which
may arise out of this Agreement. Failing of such settlement, any dispute shall
be finally settled by arbitration, in accordance with the rules then in effect
of the American Arbitration Association. The arbitration will be held in Denver,
Colorado. The dispute or difference shall be referred to a single arbitrator, if
the Parties agree upon one, or otherwise three (3) arbitrators, one to be
appointed by each party and the third to be appointed by the first two (2)
arbitrators selected by the Parties. If a Party shall refuse or neglect to
appoint an arbitrator within thirty (30) days after the other Party shall have
served written notice of such other Party's choice and requesting that the
first-mentioned Party make its choice, then the arbitrator first appointed
shall, at the request of the Party appointing him, proceed to hear and determine
the matters in difference as if he were a single arbitrator appointed by both
parties.
7.2 The arbitrators shall base their decision in accordance with and
based upon all the provisions of this Agreement and any other agreements
referenced herein, to the extent that such other agreements are not superseded
by this Agreement or subsequent agreements between the Parties. In making their
decision, the arbitrators shall apply the substantive law of the State of
Delaware and the United States of America, excluding the United Nations
Convention on the International Sale of Goods. The decision of the majority of
the arbitrators shall be in writing and final and binding upon each Party, and
judgment upon the award may be entered in any court of competent jurisdiction.
7.3 Before rendering their final decision, the arbitrators will
first act as friendly, disinterested parties for the purpose of helping the
Parties attempt to reach a compromise settlement on the points in dispute.
7.4 The cost of arbitration will be in the discretion of the
arbitrators. Each Party shall pay its own costs associated with its arbitrator,
plus one-half the costs of the arbitration itself (including but not limited to
arbitrators fees).
7.5 Each of the parties hereto acknowledges and agrees that damages
will not be an adequate remedy for any material breach or violation of this
Agreement if such material breach or violation would cause immediate and
irreparable harm (an "Irreparable Breach"). Accordingly, notwithstanding the
provisions of Section 7.1, in the event of a threatened or ongoing Irreparable
Breach, each Party hereto shall be entitled to seek, in any court of competent
jurisdiction, equitable relief of a kind appropriate in light of the nature of
the ongoing threatened Irreparable Breach, which relief may include, without
limitation, specific performance or injunctive relief, provided, however, that
if the Party bringing such action is unsuccessful in obtaining the relief
sought, the moving party shall pay the non-moving Party's reasonable costs,
including attorney's fees, incurred in connection with defending such action.
6.
<PAGE> 7
Such remedies shall not be the Parties' exclusive remedies, but shall be in
addition to all other remedies provided in this Agreement.
8. Exchange of Data.
8.1 Promptly after the execution of this Agreement and from time to
time thereafter during the term of this Agreement, Access shall disclose to
Shaman all relevant additional data possessed by Access generated on Masopracol
or its analogues which is necessary or helpful for Shaman or its sublicensees:
(i) to obtain the NDA approvals or other governmental approvals to market the
Licensed Products; (ii) to manufacture Licensed Products; and (iii) to generally
fulfill the purposes of this Agreement.
8.2 During the term of this Agreement, Shaman may use any data
disclosed by Access to Shaman hereunder for the purpose of developing Licensed
Products without any additional payment.
9. Trademarks and Trade Names.
9.1 Shaman and its sublicensees shall choose and own all trademarks
and trade names which are specific to the individual Licensed Products.
9.2 Product specific trademarks will be applied for and maintained
by Shaman in the Territory and all costs associated therewith shall be borne by
Shaman.
10. Confidentiality.
10.1 Access and Shaman shall keep any technology, formula, trade
secrets, technical data or business information ("Information") provided or made
available to it by the other party or its Affiliates hereunder confidential, and
neither Access nor Shaman shall, without the prior written consent of the other
party or its Affiliates, as the case may be, use (except as expressly permitted
by this Agreement or for the purposes of this Agreement), or disclose to any
third party, any Information provided or made available by the other party or
its Affiliates hereunder; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply
to information which the party receiving such information can establish by
written documentation to (i) have been publicly known at the time of disclosure
by the other party or its Affiliates, as the case may be, (ii) have become
publicly known, without fault on its part, subsequent to such disclosure, (iii)
have been otherwise known by it from a source (other than the other party or its
agents or Affiliates), lawfully having possession of such information, or (iv)
have been developed by it or its Affiliates independently of the disclosure by
the other party or its Affiliates.
The foregoing shall not preclude the disclosure of information by
Access or Shaman:
7.
<PAGE> 8
(a) to its legal representatives, Affiliates, consultants, outside
contractors and (if it has the right to grant the license or sublicense) its
licensees and sublicensees, under like confidentiality obligations on the part
of the recipients, or
(b) to the extent required by law or regulation, provided that, to
the extent reasonably possible, it shall give prompt written notice of the
proposed disclosure to the other party or its Affiliates, as the case may be, so
as to allow the other party or its Affiliates, as the case may be, an
opportunity to object to such requirement and, if applicable, assure that
confidential treatment will be accorded to such information, or
(c) to the extent that such information is reasonably required to be
disclosed for the purpose of securing necessary governmental authorization for
the clinical testing or marketing of products or for the purpose of conducting
clinical testing or marketing of products, or of prosecuting or defending
litigation, or
(d) at any time following the date which is five (5) years after the
date of any termination of this Agreement.
11. Patents.
11.1 Filing for, prosecuting and maintaining patent applications and
patents included within the Patent Rights shall be the primary responsibility of
Shaman, however, in the event that Shaman fails to take any action with respect
to any such Patents Rights within 30 days after a written request from Access,
then Access shall be entitled to take such action on Shaman's behalf. Shaman and
Access shall cooperate in determining the appropriate strategy for seeking such
patent protection, including the right to review future patent applications and
related documents associated with the Patent Rights. Access shall cooperate with
and assist Shaman in filing for and prosecution of such Patent Rights. Shaman
shall keep Access reasonably informed as to the status of such Patent Rights. In
addition, Shaman will use best efforts to advise Access of all proposed patent
filings of a substantive nature in time reasonably sufficient for Access to
obtain review of such filings. Shaman shall bear all costs incurred in seeking
and maintaining patent protection of the Patent Rights.
11.2 Each party shall promptly inform the other of any suspected or
threatened infringement of any Patent Rights or Access Technology by a third
party and cooperate to develop an appropriate response to the infringement.
Access and Shaman each shall have the right to institute an action for
infringement of the Patent Rights or Access Technology against such third party.
12. Indemnity. Shaman agrees to indemnify, hold harmless and defend
Access, its officers, employees, and agents, against any and all claims, suits,
losses, damage, costs, fees, and expenses asserted by third parties, both
government and private, for death, illness, personal injury and property damage
or any other claim resulting from or arising out of (i) Shaman's, its affiliates
or sublicensees, development, advertisement, use or sale of the
8.
<PAGE> 9
Licensed Products, (ii) breach of this Agreement, or (iii) negligence, reckless
or willful misconduct of Shaman or is affiliates, officers, employees, agents
and sublicensees, provided that Shaman shall not be responsible for amounts paid
in settlement of any claim without its approval. Access agrees to indemnify,
hold harmless and defend Shaman, its officers, directors, employees, agents and
sublicensees, against any and all claims, suits, losses, damage, costs, fees,
and expenses asserted by third parties, both government and private, resulting
from: negligence, recklessness or willful misconduct of Access, its officers,
employees and agents.
IN NO EVENT SHALL EITHER PARTY HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOST PROFITS,
LOSS OF DATA OR COSTS OF PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES, ARISING IN
ANY WAY OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT UNDER ANY CAUSE OF ACTION, WHETHER OR NOT SUCH
PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. THESE LIMITATIONS
SHALL APPLY NOTWITHSTANDING THE FAILURE OF THE ESSENTIAL PURPOSE OF ANY LIMITED
REMEDY.
13. Warranties. Access warrants that it: has the lawful right to grant
the licenses provided in this Agreement; has not granted rights or licenses in
derogation of this Agreement; has not received any notice of a claim of
infringement or misappropriation of any alleged rights asserted by any third
party in relation to the Access Information, the Access Technology or the Patent
Rights; and, except as disclosed to Shaman, Access is not aware, without having
made any investigation whatsoever, of any patents or other proprietary rights of
any third party which would materially affect the exercise of the license rights
granted hereunder to Shaman. Access agrees that during the term of this
Agreement (or any license granted hereunder), Access shall not enter into any
other agreements that conflict with rights or obligations provided hereunder,
including any rights and obligations that survive termination hereof.
WARRANTY LIMITATION, EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT, ACCESS
MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR WITH RESPECT TO (1) THE SCOPE OF VALIDITY OF ANY OF THE
PATENT RIGHTS; (2) WHETHER THE PATENT RIGHTS OR TECHNOLOGY MAY BE EXPLOITED BY
SHAMAN OR ANY SUBLICENSEE WITHOUT INFRINGING THE RIGHTS (INCLUDING PATENT
RIGHTS) OF OTHERS; OR (3) THE RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY USE OF THE PATENT
RIGHTS, THE ACCESS PRODUCTS. THE PATENT RIGHTS, ACCESS TECHNOLOGY AND ACCESS
INFORMATION ARE DELIVERED "AS IS" IN EVERY RESPECT.
9.
<PAGE> 10
14. Miscellaneous.
14.1 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and
construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware without regard to
the conflict of laws provisions thereof.
14.2 Severability. If any provision of this Agreement is held to be
invalid by a court of competent jurisdiction, then the remaining provisions
shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect. The parties further agree to
negotiate in good faith a substitute, valid and enforceable provision that most
nearly effects the parties' intent and to be bound by mutually agreed substitute
provision.
14.3 Waiver. It is agreed that no waiver by either party hereto of
any breach or default of any of the covenants or agreements herein set forth
shall be deemed a waiver as to any subsequent and/or similar breach or default.
14.4 Force Majeure. Nonperformance of either party shall be excused
to the extent that performance is rendered impossible by strike, fire, flood,
governmental acts or orders or restrictions, failure of suppliers, or any other
reason where failure to perform is beyond the reasonable control and not caused
by the negligence of the nonperforming party.
14.5 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon
and shall inure to the benefit of, successors and assigns of each of the
Parties, but neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or
obligations hereunder may be assigned by either of the Parties hereto without
the prior written consent of the other Party, which consent shall not be
unreasonably withheld; provided that this Agreement may be assigned in the event
of a transfer to an Affiliate, or in connection with a merger, consolidation, or
sale of substantially all of the assets of the transferring party.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, Access may delegate to its
Affiliates its duties and obligations hereunder without the consent of Shaman.
14.6 Independent Contractors. The relationship of Access and Shaman
established by this Agreement is that of independent contractors, and nothing
contained in this Agreement shall be construed (i) to give either party the
power to direct or control the day-to-day activities of the other or (ii) to
constitute the parties as partners, joint venturers, co-owners or otherwise as
participants in a joint or common undertaking.
14.7 Captions. The captions provided in this Agreement are for the
convenience of reference only and shall not effect its interpretation.
14.8 Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire, final,
complete and exclusive agreement between the parties and supersedes all previous
agreements or representations, oral or written, relating to this Agreement. This
Agreement may not be modified or amended except in a writing signed by a duly
authorized representative of each
10.
<PAGE> 11
party. Both parties acknowledge having read the terms and conditions set forth
in this Agreement, understand all terms and conditions, and agree to be bound
thereby.
14.9 Notices. Any notice required or permitted to be given to the
parties hereto shall be deemed to have been properly given if delivered in
person or when received if mailed by first-class certified mail to the other
party at the appropriate address set forth below, or to such other addresses as
may be designated in writing by the parties from time to time during the term of
this Agreement.
If to Access: Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
2600 North Stemmons Freeway, Suite 176
Dallas, Texas 75207
Attention: President and CEO
Copy to: Bingham, Dana and Gould LLP
150 Federal Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02110-1726
Attention: John Concannon III
If to Shaman: Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
213 East Grand Avenue
South San Francisco, California 94080-4812
Attention: President and CEO
Copy to: Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison LLP
Attention: Stephan Dolezalek
Two Embarcadero Place
2200 Geng Road
Palo Alto, California 94303
11.
<PAGE> 12
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be
executed by their duly authorized representatives as of the day and year first
written above.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. ACCESS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By: /s/ LISA A. CONTE By: /s/ KERRY P. GRAY
----------------------- ------------------------
Name: Lisa A. Conte Name: Kerry P. Gray
----------------------- ------------------
Title:President & CEO Title: President & CEO
---------------------- ---------------------
12.
<PAGE> 13
EXHIBIT A
ACCESS INFORMATION
1. The following studies and sections of the Actinex(TM) New Drug
Application ("NDA") and New Drug Submission - Canada ("NDS"):
a. NDA Pharmacology summary
b. NDS Pharmacology summary
c. NDS CMS Section
d. T005-89 - Ames Test - CHX 100 - Summary & Report
e. T003-87 Acute Oral Rat Tox - CHX 100 - Summary & Report
f. T004-87 Acute Oral Rabbit Tox - CHX 100 - Summary & Report
g. T004-89 - Target Organ Oral Rat Tox - CHX 100 - Summary &
Report
h. T004-89 - Oral Segment II - Rat - CHX 100 - Summary & Report
i. T009-89 - Oral Rabbit Dose Finding Segment II - CHX 100 -
Summary & Report
j. T001-90 - Oral Rabbit Segment II - CHX 100 - Summary & Report
k. K001-84 - Rat Biodistribution, Oral, Intravenous and Dermal -
CHX 100 - Summary & Report
2. Oral mass balance studies on CHX 100 conducted by Chemex or Access.
3. Access will provide reports of Segment I & III reproductive safety
studies on CHX 100.
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 10.57
LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT
Agreement No. 30450 Dated as of May 7, 1997
between
MMC/GATX PARTNERSHIP NO. I
Four Embarcadero Center
Suite 2200
San Francisco, CA 94111
as Lender
and
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
a Delaware corporation
213 East Grand Avenue
South San Francisco, CA 94080
as Borrower
CREDIT AMOUNT: $5,000,000
Treasury Note Maturity: 36 months
-----
Loan Margin: 820 basis points
-----
Commitment Termination Date: May 16, 1997
The defined terms and information set forth on this cover page are a
part of the LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of the date first written
above (this "Agreement"), entered into by and between MMC/GATX PARTNERSHIP NO. I
("Lender") and the borrower ("Borrower") set forth above. The terms and
conditions of this Agreement agreed to between Lender and Borrower are as
follows:
<PAGE> 2
ARTICLE I
INTERPRETATION
1.01. Certain Definitions. Unless otherwise indicated in this Agreement or any
other Operative Document, the following terms, when used in this Agreement or
any other Operative Document, shall have the following respective meanings:
"Business Day" shall mean any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or
public holiday under the laws of California or Illinois or other day on which
banking institutions are authorized or obligated to close in California or
Illinois.
"Claim" has the meaning given to that term in Section 10.03.
"Collateral" has the meaning given to that term in Section 5.01(a).
"Commitment Fee" has the meaning given to that term in Section 2.04.
"Commitment Termination Date" shall mean the date specified on the
cover page of this Agreement.
"Credit Amount" shall mean the maximum amount that Lender is
committed to lend (if the conditions specified in Schedule 3 are satisfied),
which amount is set forth following such term on the cover page of this
Agreement.
"Current Assets" shall mean the aggregate amount of all of the
consolidated assets of Borrower and its Subsidiaries that would, in accordance
with GAAP, be classified on a balance sheet as current assets.
"Current Liabilities" shall mean the aggregate amount of all of the
consolidated liabilities of Borrower and its Subsidiaries that would, in
accordance with GAAP, be classified on a balance sheet as current liabilities.
"Default" shall mean any event which with the passing of time or the
giving of notice or both would become an Event of Default hereunder.
"Default Rate" shall mean the per annum rate of interest equal to
the higher of (i) 18% or (ii) the Prime Rate plus 6%, but such rate shall in no
event be more than the highest rate permitted by applicable law.
"Disclosure Schedule" has the meaning set forth in the definition of
the term "Permitted Liens."
"Environmental Law" shall mean the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act of 1987, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and
Liability Act, and any other federal, state or local statute, law, ordinance,
code, rule, regulation, order or decree (in each case having the force of law)
regulating or imposing liability or standards of conduct concerning any
Hazardous Material, as now or at any time hereafter in effect.
"Equity Securities" of any Person shall mean (a) all common stock,
preferred stock, participations, shares, partnership interests or other equity
interests in and of such Person (regardless of how designated and whether or not
voting or non-voting) and (b) all warrants, options and other rights to acquire
any of the foregoing.
"Funding Date" shall mean the date on which the Loan is made to or
on account of Borrower under this Agreement.
1
<PAGE> 3
"GAAP" shall mean generally accepted accounting principles and
practices as in effect in the United States of America from time to time,
consistently applied.
"Hazardous Material" means any hazardous, dangerous or toxic
constituent material, pollutant, waste or other substance, whether solid, liquid
or gaseous, which is regulated by any federal, state or local governmental
authority.
"Indebtedness" shall mean, with respect to Borrower or any
Subsidiary, the aggregate amount of, without duplication, (a) all obligations of
such Person for borrowed money, (b) all obligations of such Person evidenced by
bonds, debentures, notes or other similar instruments, (c) all obligations of
such Person to pay the deferred purchase price of property or services
(excluding trade payables aged less than 180 days and those trade payables which
remain subject to a good faith dispute), (d) all capital lease obligations of
such Person, (e) all obligations or liabilities of others secured by a lien on
any asset of such Person, whether or not such obligation or liability is
assumed, (f) all obligations or liabilities of others guaranteed by such Person;
and (g) any other obligations or liabilities which are required by GAAP to be
shown as debt on the balance sheet of such Person. Unless otherwise indicated,
the term "Indebtedness" shall include all Indebtedness of Borrower and the
Subsidiaries.
"Intellectual Property" shall mean all of Borrower's right, title
and interest in and to patents, patent rights (and applications therefor),
trademarks and service marks (and applications and registrations therefor),
inventions, copyrights, mask works (and applications and registrations
therefor), trade names, trade styles, software and computer programs, trade
secrets, methods, processes, know how, drawings, specifications, descriptions,
and all memoranda, notes, and records with respect to any research and
development, all whether now owned or subsequently acquired or developed by
Borrower and whether in tangible or intangible form or contained on magnetic
media readable by machine together with all such magnetic media.
"Landlord Consent" shall mean a consent in the form of Exhibit C or
such other form as Lender may agree to accept.
"Lien" shall mean any pledge, bailment, lease, mortgage,
hypothecation, conditional sales and title retention agreements, charge, claim,
encumbrance or other lien in favor of any Person.
"Loan" shall mean the loan advanced by Lender to Borrower under this
Agreement.
"Loan Margin" shall mean the number of basis points set forth
following such term on the cover page of this Agreement.
"Loan Rate" shall mean, with respect to the Loan, the per annum rate
of interest equal to the sum of (a) the U.S. Treasury note rate of a term equal
to the Treasury Note Maturity as quoted in The Wall Street Journal on the date
the Loan is made, plus (b) the Loan Margin.
"Note"shall mean the secured promissory note of Borrower
substantially in the form of Exhibit A.
"Obligations" has the meaning given to that term in Section 5.01.
"Operative Documents" shall mean this Agreement, the Note, the
Warrant, the Landlord Waiver and Consent(s) and all other documents, instruments
and agreements executed and delivered in connection herewith or therewith or in
respect of the closing of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby.
"Payment Date" means the fifteenth day of each calendar month.
2
<PAGE> 4
"Permitted Indebtedness" shall mean and include:
(a) Indebtedness of Borrower to Lender;
(b) Indebtedness of Borrower secured by Liens permitted under
clause (e) of the definition of Permitted Liens;
(c) Indebtedness arising from the endorsement of instruments in
the ordinary course of business; and
(d) Other Indebtedness of Borrower not exceeding Two Hundred
Fifty Thousand Dollars ($250,000) at any time.
"Permitted Investments" shall mean and include:
(a) Deposits with commercial banks organized under the laws of
the United States or a state thereof to the extent such deposits are
fully insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation;
(b) Investments in marketable obligations issued or fully
guaranteed by the United States and maturing not more than one (1)
year from the date of issuance; and
(c) Investments in open market commercial paper rated at least
"A1" or "P1" or higher by a national credit rating agency and
maturing not more than one (1) year from the creation thereof.
(d) Investments pursuant to or arising under currency agreements
or interest rate agreements entered into in the ordinary course of
business;
(e) Investments consisting of deposit accounts of Borrower in
which Lender has a perfected security interest;
(f) Investments permitted under Borrower's Investment Policy,
dated as of October 9, 1995, as it may be amended by Borrower's
Board of Directors from time to time; and
(g) Other Investments aggregating not in excess of Two Hundred
Fifty Thousand Dollars ($250,000) at any time.
"Permitted Liens" shall mean (a) the Lien created by this Agreement,
(b) Liens for fees, taxes, levies, imposts, duties or other governmental charges
of any kind which are not yet delinquent or which are being contested in good
faith by appropriate proceedings which suspend the collection thereof (provided,
however, that such proceedings do not involve any substantial danger of the
sale, forfeiture or loss of any item of equipment and that Borrower has
adequately bonded such Lien or reserves sufficient to discharge such Lien have
been provided on the books of Borrower), (c) Liens identified on the disclosure
schedule attached hereto as Schedule 2 ("Disclosure Schedule"), (d) Liens to
secure payment of worker's compensation, employment insurance, old age pensions
or other social security obligations of Borrower in the ordinary course of
business of Borrower, (e) Liens upon any equipment or other personal property
acquired by Borrower after the date hereof to secure (i) the purchase price of
such equipment or other personal property or (ii) lease obligations or
indebtedness incurred solely for the purpose of financing the acquisition of
such equipment or other personal property; provided that (A) such Liens are
confined solely to the equipment or other personal property so acquired, and (B)
no such Lien shall be created, incurred, assumed or suffered
3
<PAGE> 5
to exist in favor of Borrower's officers, directors or shareholders holding five
percent (5%) or more of Borrower's Equity Securities, (f) carriers',
warehousemen's, mechanics', landlords', materialmen's, repairmen's or other
similar Liens arising in the ordinary course of business which are not
delinquent or remain payable without penalty or which are being contested in
good faith and by appropriate proceedings, and (g) Liens or similar arrangements
entered into in connection with joint ventures and corporate collaborations.
"Person" shall mean and include an individual, a partnership, a
corporation, a business trust, a joint stock company, a limited liability
company, an unincorporated association or other entity and any domestic or
foreign national, state or local government, any political subdivision thereof,
and any department, agency, authority or bureau of any of the foregoing.
"Prime Rate" shall mean the interest rate per annum publicly
announced from time to time by Bank of America NT & SA (or its successor) as its
reference rate, but such rate shall in no event be more than the highest
interest rate permitted by applicable law.
"Subsidiary" shall mean any corporation of which a majority of the
outstanding capital stock entitled to vote for the election of directors
(otherwise than as the result of a default) is owned by Borrower directly or
indirectly through Subsidiaries.
"Term" shall mean the period from and after the date hereof until
the payment or satisfaction in full of all Obligations under this Agreement and
the other Operative Documents.
"Treasury Note Maturity" shall mean the period of months set forth
following such term on the cover page of this Agreement.
"Warrant" shall mean a warrant to purchase securities of Borrower
substantially in the form of Exhibit C.
1.02. Headings. Headings in this Agreement and each of the other
Operative Documents are for convenience of reference only and are not part of
the substance hereof or thereof.
1.03. Plural Terms. All terms defined in this Agreement or any other
Operative Document in the singular form shall have comparable meanings when used
in the plural form and vice versa.
1.04. Construction. This Agreement is the result of negotiations
among, and has been reviewed by, Borrower and Lender and their respective
counsel. Accordingly, this Agreement shall be deemed to be the product of all
parties hereto, and no ambiguity shall be construed in favor of or against
Borrower or Lender.
1.05. Entire Agreement. This Agreement, together with the terms set
forth in each of the other Operative Documents, taken together, constitute and,
contain the entire agreement of Borrower and Lender and, with regard to their
respective subject matters, supersede any and all prior agreements, term sheets,
negotiations, correspondence, understandings and communications among the
parties, whether written or oral, with respect to their respective subject
matters.
1.06. Other Interpretive Provisions. References in this Agreement to
"Articles," "Sections," "Exhibits," "Schedules" and "Annexes" are to recitals,
articles, sections, exhibits, schedules and annexes herein and hereto unless
otherwise indicated. References in this Agreement and each of the other
Operative Documents to any document, instrument or agreement shall include (a)
all exhibits, schedules, annexes and other attachments thereto, (b) all
documents, instruments or agreements issued or executed in replacement thereof,
and (c) such document, instrument or agreement, or replacement or predecessor
thereto, as amended, modified and supplemented from time to time and
4
<PAGE> 6
in effect at any given time. The words "hereof," "herein" and "hereunder" and
words of similar import when used in this Agreement or any other Operative
Document shall refer to this Agreement or such other Operative Document, as the
case may be, as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement or
such other Operative Document, as the case may be. The words "include" and
"including" and words of similar import when used in this Agreement or any other
Operative Document shall not be construed to be limiting or exclusive. Unless
otherwise indicated in this Agreement or any other Operative Document, all
accounting terms used in this Agreement or any other Operative Document shall be
construed, and all accounting and financial computations hereunder or thereunder
shall be computed, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles
as in effect in the United States of America from time to time.
ARTICLE II
THE CREDIT
2.01. Credit Facility.
(a) Commitment. On the terms and subject to the conditions hereof
and relying upon the representations and warranties herein set forth as and when
made or deemed to be made, Lender agrees to make a Loan in the principal amount
of Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000).
(b) Loan Interest Rate. Borrower shall pay interest on the unpaid
principal amount of the Loan from the date the Loan is made until the Loan is
paid in full, at a per annum rate of interest equal to the Loan Rate determined
in accordance with the definition of Loan Rate. All computations of such
interest shall be based on a year of twelve 30 day months. The Loan Rate
applicable to the Loan shall not be subject to change in the absence of manifest
error. If Borrower pays interest on any Loan which is determined to be in excess
of the then legal maximum rate, then that portion of each interest payment
representing an amount in excess of the then legal maximum rate shall be deemed
a payment of principal and applied against the principal of the Loan.
(c) Payments of Principal and Interest. On each Payment Date,
commencing on June 15, 1997, Borrower shall make equal payments of principal and
interest each in the amount set forth in the Note. Payments of principal and
interest on the Loan may not be prepaid.
2.02. Use of Proceeds; the Loan and the Note; Disbursement.
(a) Use of Proceeds. The proceeds of the Loan shall be used solely
for working capital or general corporate purposes of Borrower.
(b) The Loan and the Note. The obligation of Borrower to repay the
unpaid principal amount of and interest on the Loan shall be evidenced by the
Note. Lender may, and is hereby authorized by Borrower to, endorse on a grid
annexed to the Note appropriate notations regarding the Loan; provided, however,
that the failure to make, or an error in making, any such notation shall not
limit or otherwise affect the obligations of Borrower hereunder or under the
Note.
(c) Disbursement. Subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set
forth in this Agreement, Lender shall disburse such Loan by wire transfer to
Borrower unless otherwise directed in writing by Borrower.
(d) Termination of Commitment to Lend. Notwithstanding anything to
the contrary in the Operative Documents, Lender's obligation to lend the
undisbursed portion of the Credit Amount to Borrower hereunder shall terminate
on the earlier of (i) the occurrence of any Event of Default hereunder, and (ii)
the Commitment Termination Date.
5
<PAGE> 7
2.03. Other Payment Terms.
(a) Place and Manner. Borrower shall make all payments due to Lender
in lawful money of the United States, in immediately available funds, at the
address for payments and in the manner specified in Section 10.05(b).
(b) Date. Whenever any payment due hereunder shall fall due on a day
other than a Business Day, such payment shall be made on the next succeeding
Business Day, and such extension of time shall be included in the computation of
interest or fees, as the case may be.
(c) Default Rate. If either (i) any amounts required to be paid by
Borrower under this Agreement or the other Operative Documents (including
principal or interest payable on any Loan, any fees or other amounts) remain
unpaid after such amounts are due, or (ii) an Event of Default has occurred and
is continuing, Borrower shall pay interest on the outstanding principal balance
hereunder from the date due or from the date of the Event of Default, as
applicable, until such past due amounts are paid in full or until all Events of
Defaults are cured, as applicable, at a per annum rate equal to the Default
Rate, such rate to change from time to time as the Prime Rate shall change. All
computations of such interest at the Default Rate shall be based on a year of
twelve 30 day months.
2.04. Commitment Fee. Lender has received a commitment fee from
Borrower in the amount of $20,000 (the "Commitment Fee"). Any portion of the
Commitment Fee not utilized to pay Lender's expenses (not to exceed $10,000)
will be applied by Lender to amounts due under the Note in the order in which
such amounts are due. If the Loan is not made, any remaining balance of the
Commitment Fee shall be retained by Lender.
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
3.01. Representations and Warranties. Except as set forth in the
Disclosure Schedule, Borrower makes the following representations and warranties
to Lender as of the date hereof and again on the Funding Date:
(a) Organization and Qualification. Borrower is a corporation duly
organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its state of
incorporation and is duly qualified to do business in the state of California.
Borrower has no Subsidiaries.
(b) Authority. Borrower has all necessary corporate power, authority
and legal right and has obtained all approvals and consents and has given all
notices necessary to execute and deliver this Agreement and the other Operative
Documents and to perform the terms hereof and thereof. Borrower has all
requisite corporate power and authority to own and operate its properties and to
carry on its businesses as now conducted.
(c) Conflict with Other Instruments, etc. Neither the execution and
delivery of any Operative Document to which Borrower is a party nor the
consummation of the transactions therein contemplated nor compliance with the
terms, conditions and provisions thereof will conflict with or result in a
breach of any of the terms, conditions or provisions of the charter or the
bylaws of Borrower or, to its knowledge, any law or any regulation, order, writ,
injunction or decree of any court or governmental instrumentality or any
material agreement or instrument to which Borrower is a party or by which it or
any of its properties is bound or to which it or any of its properties is
subject, or constitute a default thereunder or result in the creation or
imposition of any Lien, other than Permitted Liens.
(d) Title to Properties. Borrower has good and marketable title to
the Collateral, free and clear of all Liens, other than Permitted Liens.
Borrower has title and ownership of, or is licensed under, all Intellectual
Property, with no known infringement of the rights of others. Borrower has not
received any communications alleging that Borrower has violated, or by
conducting its business as proposed, would violate any proprietary rights of any
other Person.
6
<PAGE> 8
Borrower has no knowledge of any infringement or violation by it of the
intellectual property rights of any third party and has no knowledge of any
violation or infringement by a third party of any of its Intellectual Property.
The Collateral and the Intellectual Property constitute substantially all of the
assets and property of Borrower. Borrower does not own any right, title or
interest in or to any real property or motor vehicles, other than motor vehicles
leased for executives as part of a benefit arrangement.
(e) Authorization, Governmental Approvals, etc. The execution and
delivery by Borrower of each Operative Document, the granting of the security
interest in the Collateral, the issuance of the Warrant, the issuance of the
securities into which the Warrant is exercisable, the issuance of any securities
into which the securities issuable upon exercise of the Warrant are convertible,
and the performance of the obligations herein and therein contemplated have each
been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of Borrower. No
authorization, consent, approval, license or exemption of, and no registration,
qualification, designation, declaration or filing with, or notice to, any Person
is, was or will be necessary to (i) the valid execution and delivery of any
Operative Document to which Borrower is a party, (ii) the performance of
Borrower's obligations under any Operative Document, or (iii) the granting of
the security interest in the Collateral, except for filings in connection with
the perfection of the security interest in any of the Collateral or the issuance
of the Warrant. The Operative Documents have been or will be duly executed and
delivered and constitute or will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations
of Borrower, enforceable in accordance with their respective terms, except as
the enforceability thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency or other
similar laws of general application relating to or affecting the enforcement of
creditors' rights or by general principles of equity.
(f) Litigation. There are no actions, suits, proceedings or
investigations pending or, to the knowledge of Borrower, threatened against or
affecting Borrower, or the business or any property or asset owned by it, before
any court or governmental department, agency or instrumentality which, if
adversely determined, could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse
effect on the financial condition, business or operations of Borrower.
(h) Security Interest. Assuming the proper filing of one or more
financing statement(s) identifying the Collateral with the California Secretary
of State, the security interests in the Collateral granted to Lender pursuant to
this Agreement (i) constitute and will continue to constitute first priority
security interests (except to the extent any other Permitted Lien existing on
the date of this Agreement may create any priority to Lender's Lien under this
Agreement) to the extent a security interest in such Collateral may be perfected
with the filing of a financing statement with the California Secretary of State
and (ii) are and will continue to be superior and prior to the rights in the
Collateral of all other creditors of Borrower (except to the extent of such
Permitted Liens).
(i) Executive Offices. The principal place of business and chief
executive office of Borrower, and the office where Borrower will keep all
records and files regarding the Collateral, is set forth on the cover page of
this Agreement.
(j) Solvency, Etc. Borrower is Solvent (as defined below) and, after
the execution and delivery of the Operative Documents and the consummation of
the transactions contemplated thereby, Borrower will be Solvent. "Solvent" shall
mean, with respect to any Person on any date, that on such date (a) the fair
value of the property of such Person is greater than the fair value of the
liabilities (including, without limitation, contingent liabilities) of such
Person, (b) the present fair saleable value of the assets of such Person is not
less than the amount that will be required to pay the probable liability of such
Person on its debts as they become absolute and matured, (c) such Person does
not intend to, and does not believe that it will, incur debts or liabilities
beyond such Person's ability to pay as such debts and liabilities mature and (d)
such Person is not engaged in business or a transaction, and is not about in
business or a transaction, for which such Person's property would constitute an
unreasonably small capital.
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(k) Catastrophic Events; Labor Disputes. None of Borrower or its
properties is or has been affected by any fire, explosion, accident, strike,
lockout or other labor dispute, drought, storm, hail, earthquake, embargo, act
of God or other casualty that could reasonably be expected to have a material
adverse effect on the financial condition, business or operations of Borrower.
There are no disputes presently subject to grievance procedure, arbitration or
litigation under any of the collective bargaining agreements, employment
contracts or employee welfare or incentive plans to which Borrower is a party,
and there are no strikes, lockouts, work stoppages or slowdowns, or, to the best
knowledge of Borrower, jurisdictional disputes or organizing activity occurring
or threatened which could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse
effect on the financial condition, business or operations of Borrower.
(l) No Material Adverse Effect. No event has occurred and no
condition exists which could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse
effect on the financial condition, business or operations of Borrower since
December 31, 1996.
(m) Accuracy of Information Furnished. None of the Operative
Documents and none of the other certificates, statements or information
furnished to Lender by or on behalf of Borrower in connection with the Operative
Documents or the transactions contemplated thereby contains or will contain any
untrue statement of a material fact or omits or will omit to state a material
fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances
under which they were made, not misleading. The Lender recognizes that all
financial projections furnished to the Lender by or on behalf of Borrower in
connection with the Operative Documents or the transactions contemplated thereby
are not to be viewed as facts and that actual results during the period or
periods covered by such projections may differ from the projected or forecasted
results.
(n) Certain Agreements of Officers, Employees and Consultants.
(i) To Borrower's knowledge, no officer, employee or
consultant of Borrower is, or is now expected to be, in material violation of
any term of any employment contract, proprietary information agreement,
nondisclosure agreement, noncompetition agreement, or any other material
contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant relating to the right of any
such officer, employee or consultant to be employed by Borrower because of the
nature of the business conducted or to be conducted by Borrower or relating to
the use of trade secrets or proprietary information of others, and to the best
of Borrower's knowledge, the continued employment of Borrower's officers,
employees and consultants do not subject Borrower to any liability for any claim
or claims arising out of or in connection with any such contract, agreement, or
covenant.
(ii) To the knowledge of Borrower, no officers of Borrower,
and no employee or consultant of Borrower whose termination, either individually
or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect, has any present intention of terminating his or her employment or
consulting relationship with Borrower.
ARTICLE IV
REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
4.01. Furnishing Reports. Borrower shall furnish to Lender:
(a) Financial Statements. Promptly as they are available and in any
event: (i) at the time of filing of Borrower's Form 10-K with the Securities and
Exchange Commission after the end of each fiscal year of Borrower, the financial
statements of Borrower filed with such Form 10-K; and (ii) at the time of filing
of Borrower's Form 10-Q
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with the Securities and Exchange Commission after the end of each of the first
three fiscal quarters of Borrower, the financial statements of Borrower filed
with such Form 10-Q.
(b) Notice of Defaults. As soon as possible, and in any event within
five (5) Business Days after the discovery of a Default or Event of Default
provide Lender with an Officer's Certificate of Borrower setting forth the facts
relating to or giving rise to such Default or Event of Default and the action
which Borrower proposes to take with respect thereto.
(c) Miscellaneous. Such other information as Lender may reasonably
request from time to time.
ARTICLE V
GRANT OF SECURITY INTEREST
GENERAL PROVISIONS CONCERNING SECURITY
5.01. Grant of Security Interest. Borrower, in order to secure the
payment of the principal and interest with respect to the Loan made pursuant to
this Agreement, all other sums due under and in respect hereof and of the other
Operative Documents, including fees, charges, expenses and reasonable attorneys'
fees and costs and the performance and observance by Borrower of all other
terms, conditions, covenants and agreements herein and in the other Operative
Documents (all such amounts and obligations being herein sometimes called the
"Obligations"), does hereby grant to Lender and its successors and assigns, a
security interest in and to the following property (collectively, the
"Collateral"): All right, title, interest, claims and demands of Borrower in and
to the following to the extent they do not include Intellectual Property:
(a) All goods and equipment now owned or hereafter acquired,
including, without limitation, all laboratory equipment, computer equipment,
office equipment, machinery, fixtures, vehicles (including motor vehicles and
trailers), and any interest in any of the foregoing, and all attachments,
accessories, accessions, replacements, substitutions, additions, and
improvements to any of the foregoing, wherever located;
(b) All inventory now owned or hereafter acquired,
including, without limitation, all merchandise, raw materials, parts, supplies,
packing and shipping materials, work in process and finished products including
such inventory as is temporarily out of Borrower's custody or possession or in
transit and including any returns upon any accounts or other proceeds, including
insurance proceeds, resulting from the sale or disposition of any of the
foregoing and any documents of title representing any of the above, and
Borrower's books relating to any of the foregoing;
(c) All contract rights and general intangibles (except to
the extent included within the definition of Intellectual Property), now owned
or hereafter acquired, including, without limitation, goodwill, license
agreements, franchise agreements, blueprints, drawings, purchase orders,
customer lists, route lists, infringements, claims, computer programs, computer
disks, computer tapes, literature, reports, catalogs, design rights, income tax
refunds, payments of insurance and rights to payment of any kind;
(d) All now existing and hereafter arising accounts,
contract rights, royalties, license rights and all other forms of obligations
owing to Borrower arising out of the sale or lease of goods, the licensing of
technology or the rendering of services by Borrower (subject, in each case, to
the contractual rights of third parties to require funds received by Borrower to
be expended in a particular manner), whether or not earned by performance, and
any and all credit insurance, guaranties, and other security therefor, as well
as all merchandise returned to or reclaimed by Borrower and Borrower's books
relating to any of the foregoing;
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(e) All documents, cash, deposit accounts, investment
property, securities entitlements, securities, letters of credit, certificates
of deposit, instruments and chattel paper now owned or hereafter acquired and
Borrower's books relating to the foregoing;
(f) Any and all claims, rights and interests in any of the
above and all substitutions for, additions and accessions to and proceeds
thereof, including, without limitation, insurance, condemnation, requisition or
similar payments and proceeds of the sale or licensing of Intellectual Property
to the extent such proceeds no longer constitute Intellectual Property; but
(g) Excluding, all Intellectual Property.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 5.01, such grant of a
security interest shall not extend to, and the term "Collateral" shall not
include, any property or general intangibles which are now or hereafter held by
Borrower as licensee, lessee or otherwise, to the extent that (i) such property
or general intangibles are not assignable or capable of being encumbered as a
matter of law or under the terms of the license, lease or other agreement
applicable thereto (but solely to the extent that any such restriction shall be
enforceable under applicable law), without the consent of the licensor or lessor
thereof or other applicable party thereto and (ii) such consent has not been
obtained; provided, however, that the foregoing grant of a security interest
shall extend to, and the term Collateral shall include, (A) any and all proceeds
of such property and general intangibles to the extent that the assignment or
encumbering of such proceeds is not so restricted and (B) upon any such
licensor, lessor or other applicable party's consent with respect to any such
otherwise excluded property or general intangible being obtained., thereafter
such property or general intangibles as well as any and proceeds thereof that
might theretofore have been excluded from such grant of a security interest and
the term Collateral.
5.02. Duration of Security Interest. Lender's security interest in
the Collateral shall continue until the payment in full and the satisfaction of
all Obligations, whereupon such security interest shall terminate. Lender, upon
payment in full and the satisfaction of the Obligations, shall execute such
further documents and take such further actions as may be necessary to effect
the release and/or termination contemplated by this Section 5.02, including duly
executing and delivering termination statements for filing in all relevant
jurisdictions.
5.03. Possession of Collateral. Except as set forth in Section 5.04,
so long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Borrower shall
remain in full possession, enjoyment and control of the Collateral (except only
as may be otherwise required by Lender for perfection of its security interest
therein) and to manage, operate and use the same and each part thereof with the
rights and franchises appertaining thereto; provided, however, that the
possession, enjoyment, control and use of the Collateral shall at all times be
subject to the observance and performance of the terms of this Agreement.
5.04 Location of Collateral. The Collateral is and shall remain in
the possession of Borrower at Borrower's address stated on the cover page of
this Agreement, except for (i) deposit accounts at banks and securities accounts
held by broker-dealers, and (ii) other Collateral having an aggregate fair
market value of not more than One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000) which may
be moved to other locations from time to time.
5.05 Lien Subordination. Lender agrees that the Liens granted to it
hereunder shall be subordinate to the Liens of existing and future lenders
providing equipment financing and equipment lessors; provided that such Liens
are confined solely to the equipment so financed and the proceeds thereof; and
provided, further, that the Obligations hereunder shall not be subordinate in
right of payment to any obligations to other lenders or equipment lessors and
Lender's rights and remedies hereunder shall not in any way be subordinate to
the rights and remedies of any such lenders or equipment lessors. Lender agrees
to execute and deliver such agreements and documents as may be
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reasonably requested by Borrower from time to time which set forth the lien
subordination described in this Section 5.05 and are reasonably acceptable to
Lender. Lender shall have no obligation to execute any agreement or document
which would impose obligations, restrictions or lien priority on Lender which
are less favorable to Lender than those described in this Section 5.05.
ARTICLE VI
AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS
6.01. Affirmative Covenants.
(a) Payment of Taxes, etc. Borrower shall pay and discharge all
taxes, assessments and governmental charges or levies imposed upon it or upon
its income or profits, or upon any properties belonging to it, prior to the date
on which penalties attach thereto, and all lawful claims which, if unpaid, might
become a Lien upon any of its properties; provided that there shall be no
requirement to pay any such tax, assessment, charge, levy or claim (i) which is
being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings or which presents
no risk of seizure, forfeiture, levy or other event which could jeopardize any
Collateral or (ii) for which payment in full is bonded or reserved in Borrower's
financial statements.
(b) Inspection Rights. Borrower shall, at any reasonable time and
from time to time, permit Lender or any of its agents or representatives to
inspect the Collateral, to examine and make copies of and abstracts from the
records and books of account of, and visit the properties of, Borrower and to
discuss the affairs, finances and accounts of Borrower with any of its officers
or directors relating in each case to Lender's capacity as lender and secured
party hereunder and with respect to the Collateral.
(c) Maintenance of Equipment and Similar Assets. Borrower shall keep
and maintain all items of equipment and other similar types of tangible personal
property that form any significant portion or portions of the Collateral in good
operating condition and repair and shall make all necessary replacements thereof
and renewals thereto so that the value and operating efficiency thereof shall at
all times be maintained and preserved. Borrower shall not permit any such
material item of tangible Collateral to become a fixture to real estate or an
accession to other tangible personal property, without the prior written consent
of Lender. Borrower shall not permit any such material item of tangible
Collateral to be operated or maintained in violation of any applicable law,
statute, rule or regulation. With respect to items of leased equipment (to the
extent Lender has any security interest in any residual Borrower's interest in
such equipment under the lease), Borrower shall keep, maintain, repair, replace
and operate such leased equipment in accordance with the terms of the applicable
lease.
(d) Insurance.
(i) Borrower shall, obtain and maintain for the Term, at its
own expense, (x) "all risk" insurance against loss or damage to the Collateral,
(y) commercial general liability insurance (including contractual liability,
products liability and completed operations coverages) reasonably satisfactory
to Lender, and (z) such other insurance against such other risks of loss and
with such terms, as shall in each case be reasonably satisfactory to or
reasonably required by Lender (as to carriers, amounts and otherwise). The
amount of the "all risk" insurance shall be determined to Lender's reasonable
satisfaction as of each anniversary date of this Agreement and the appropriate
amount of coverage shall be put in effect on the next succeeding renewal or
inception date of such insurance.
(ii) The deductible with respect to "all-risk" insurance
required by clause (x) above and product liability insurance required by clause
(y) above shall not exceed $25,000; otherwise there shall be no deductible with
respect to any insurance required to be maintained hereunder. The amount of
commercial general liability insurance (other than products liability coverage
and completed operations insurance) required by clause (y) above shall be at
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least $3,000,000 per occurrence. The amount of the products liability and
completed operations insurance required by clause (y) above shall be at least
$3,000,000 per occurrence. Each "all risk" policy shall: (x) name Lender as loss
payee, (y) provide for each insurer's waiver of its right of subrogation against
Lender, and (z) provide that such insurance (A) shall not be invalidated by any
action of, or breach of warranty by, Borrower of a provision of any of its
insurance policies, and (B) shall waive set-off, counterclaim or offset against
Lender. Each liability policy shall (w) name Lender as an additional insured in
the full amount of Borrower's liability coverage limits (or the coverage limits
of any successor to Borrower or such successor's parent which is providing
coverage) and (x) provide that such insurance shall have cross-liability and
severability of interest endorsements (which shall not increase the aggregate
policy limits of Borrower's insurance). All insurance policies shall (y) provide
that Borrower's insurance shall be primary without a right of contribution of
Lender's insurance, if any, or any obligation on the part of Lender to pay
premiums of Borrower, and (z) shall contain a clause requiring the insurer to
give Lender at least 30 days' prior written notice of its cancellation (other
than cancellation for non-payment for which 10 days' notice shall be
sufficient). Borrower shall on or prior to the first Funding Date and prior to
each policy renewal, furnish to Lender certificates of insurance or other
evidence satisfactory to Lender that such insurance coverage is in effect.
ARTICLE VII
NEGATIVE COVENANTS
7.01. Negative Covenants. So long as the Obligations remain
outstanding, Borrower shall not:
(a) Name; Location of Chief Executive Office and Collateral. Without
thirty (30) days prior written notice to Lender, change its chief executive
office or principal place of business or remove or cause to be removed from the
location set forth on the cover page hereof or move any Collateral, except
deposit accounts and brokerage accounts, to a location other than that set forth
on the cover page hereof.
(b) Liens on Collateral. Create, incur, assume or suffer to exist
any Lien of any kind upon any Collateral, whether now owned or hereafter
acquired, except Permitted Liens.
(c) Negative Pledge Regarding Intellectual Property. Create, incur,
assume or suffer to exist any Lien of any kind upon any Intellectual Property,
whether now owned or hereafter acquired, except Permitted Liens.
(d) Dispositions of Collateral or Intellectual Property. Convey,
sell, offer to sell, lease, transfer, exchange or otherwise dispose of
(collectively, a "Transfer") all or any part of the Collateral or Intellectual
Property to any Person, other than: (i) transfers of inventory, cash and cash
equivalents in the ordinary course of business; (ii) transfers of non-exclusive
licenses and similar arrangements for the use of the property of Borrower in the
ordinary course of business; or (iii) transfers of worn-out or obsolete
equipment. It is expressly agreed and understood that the ordinary course of
Borrower's business includes entering into agreements and arrangements with
third parties for research, development, manufacturing, sale or marketing of
products and the licensing of Intellectual Property in connection with such
agreements and arrangements.
(e) Distributions. (i) Pay any dividends or make any distributions
on its Equity Securities; (ii) purchase, redeem, retire, defease or otherwise
acquire for value any of its Equity Securities in an aggregate amount not to
exceed $250,000 (other than repurchases by cancellation of indebtedness pursuant
to the terms of employee stock purchase plans, employee restricted stock
agreements or similar arrangements); (iii) return any capital to any holder of
its Equity Securities as such; (iv) make any distribution of assets, Equity
Securities, obligations or securities to any holder of its Equity Securities as
such; or (v) set apart any sum for any such purpose; provided, however, that
Borrower may pay dividends payable solely in Common Stock or warrants or options
therefor.
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(f) Mergers or Acquisitions. Without the prior written consent of
Lender, which shall not be unreasonably withheld, merge or consolidate with or
into any other Person or acquire or all or substantially all of the capital
stock or assets of another Person.
(i) Transactions With Affiliates. Shall enter into any contractual
obligation with any affiliate or engage in any other transaction with any
affiliate except upon terms at least as favorable to Borrower as an arms-length
transaction with unaffiliated Persons.
(j) Maintenance of Accounts. Maintain any deposit accounts or
accounts holding securities owned by Borrower except (i) accounts located at
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., and (ii) other accounts with respect to which Lender
takes such action as it deems necessary to obtain a perfected security interest
in such account.
(k) Indebtedness Payments. Prepay, redeem, purchase, defease or
otherwise satisfy in any manner prior to the scheduled repayment thereof any
Indebtedness for borrowed money (other than amounts due under this Loan
Agreement or the Note) or lease obligations, (ii) amend, modify or otherwise
change the terms of any Indebtedness for borrowed money (other than the
Obligations) or lease obligations so as to accelerate the scheduled repayment
thereof or (iii) repay any notes to officers, directors or shareholders.
(l) Subsidiaries. Without the prior written consent of Lender, which
shall not be unreasonably withheld, form any Subsidiary.
(m) Indebtedness. Create, incur, assume or permit to exist any
Indebtedness except (i) trade credit in the ordinary course of business; (ii)
Indebtedness existing on the date hereof and set forth on the Disclosure
Schedule; (iii) Indebtedness secured by Liens permitted under clause (e) of the
definition of Permitted Liens and (iv) Subordinated Indebtedness.
(n) Investments. Make any Investment except for Permitted
Investments.
ARTICLE VIII
CONDITIONS PRECEDENT
8.01. Closing. At the time of execution and delivery of this
Agreement, Borrower shall have duly executed and/or delivered to Lender the
items set forth in Part I of Schedule 3.
8.02. Other Conditions. The obligation of Lender to make the Loan
shall be subject to the execution and/or delivery to Lender of each of the items
set forth in Part I of Schedule 3 and the satisfaction of by Borrower of each
condition set forth in Part II of Schedule 3.
8.03. Covenant to Deliver. Borrower agrees (not as a condition but
as a covenant) to deliver to Lender each item required to be delivered to Lender
as a condition to the Loan, if the Loan is advanced. Borrower expressly agrees
that the extension of such Loan prior to the receipt by Lender of any such item
shall not constitute a waiver by Lender of Borrower's obligation to deliver such
item.
ARTICLE IX
DEFAULT AND REMEDIES
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9.01. Events of Default. An "Event of Default" shall mean the
occurrence of one or more of the following described events:
(a) Borrower shall (i) default in the payment of principal of or
interest on the Loan when the same is due, or (ii) default in the payment of any
expense or other amount payable hereunder or thereunder for five (5) days after
receipt of written notice from Lender that the same is due; or
(b) Borrower shall breach any provision of Section 7.01; or
(c) Borrower shall default in the performance of any covenant,
agreement or obligation (other than a covenant, agreement or obligation referred
to in, Section 9.01(a) or Section 9.01(b)) contained in any Operative Document
(other than the Warrant) and Borrower shall fail to cure within thirty (30) days
after receipt of written notice from Lender any default in the performance of
any such covenant, agreement or obligation contained therein; or
(d) Borrower shall have breached the terms of the Warrant and shall
have failed to cure such breach within five (5) days of notice thereof; or
(e) Any representation or warranty made herein or on the Funding
Date by Borrower in any Operative Document, or any certificate or financial
statement furnished pursuant to the provisions of any Operative Document, shall
prove to have been false or misleading in any material respect as of the time
made or furnished; or
(f) Any Operative Document shall in any material respect cease to
be, or Borrower shall assert that any Operative Document is not, a legal, valid
and binding obligation of Borrower enforceable in accordance with its terms; or
(g) An uncured default shall exist under any agreement with any
third party or parties which consists of the failure to pay any Indebtedness at
maturity (or within any grace period thereafter) or which results in a right by
such third party or parties, whether or not exercised, to accelerate the
maturity of any Indebtedness of Borrower in an amount in excess of ($250,000);
or
(h) A proceeding shall have been instituted in a court of competent
jurisdiction seeking a decree or order for relief in respect of Borrower in an
involuntary case under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar
law now or hereafter in effect, or for the appointment of a receiver,
liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee (or similar official) of Borrower or
for any substantial part of its property, or for the winding-up or liquidation
of its affairs, and such proceeding shall remain undismissed or unstayed and in
effect for a period of thirty (30) consecutive days or such court shall enter a
decree or order granting the relief sought in such proceeding; or
(i) Borrower shall commence a voluntary case under any applicable
bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, shall
consent to the entry of an order for relief in an involuntary case under any
such law, or shall consent to the appointment of or taking possession by a
receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian (or other similar official)
of Borrower or for any substantial part of its property, or shall make a general
assignment for the benefit of creditors, or shall fail generally to pay its
debts as they become due, or shall take any corporate action in furtherance of
any of the foregoing; or
(j) A final judgment or order for the payment of money in excess of
One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000) (exclusive of amounts covered by
insurance issued by an insurer not an affiliate of Borrower) shall be rendered
against Borrower and the same shall remain undischarged for a period of thirty
(30) days during which
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execution shall not be effectively stayed, or any judgment, writ, assessment,
warrant of attachment, or execution or similar process shall be issued or levied
against a substantial part of the property of Borrower and such judgment, writ,
or similar process shall not be released, stayed, vacated or otherwise dismissed
within thirty (30) days after issue or levy.
9.02. Consequences of Event of Default. (a) If an Event of Default
specified under clauses (a) through (g) of Section 9.01 shall occur and be
continuing, Lender may (i) declare the Loan, together with interest thereon, and
all other liabilities of Borrower hereunder and under the other Operative
Documents to be immediately due and payable, without presentment, demand,
protest or further notice of any kind, all of which are hereby expressly waived,
and (ii) terminate its commitment to make the Loan and terminate any commitment
to advance money or extend credit to or for the benefit of Borrower pursuant to
any other agreement or commitment extended by Lender to Borrower.
(b) If an Event of Default specified under clause (h) or (i) of
Section 9.01 shall occur, then immediately and without notice (i) the Loan,
together with interest thereon, and all other liabilities of Borrower hereunder
and under the other Operative Documents shall automatically become due and
payable, without presentment, demand, protest or notice of any kind, all of
which are hereby expressly waived, and (ii) Lender's commitment hereunder to
make the Loan and any other commitment of Lender to Borrower to advance money or
extend credit pursuant to any other agreement or commitment shall be terminated.
9.03. Rights Regarding Collateral. Borrower agrees that when any
Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Lender shall have the rights,
options, duties and remedies of a secured party as permitted by law and, in
addition to and without limiting the foregoing, Lender may exercise any one or
more or all, and in any order, of the remedies herein set forth, including the
following:
(a) Lender, personally or by agents or attorneys, shall have the
right (subject to compliance with any applicable mandatory legal requirements)
to require Borrower to assemble the Collateral and make it available to Lender
at a place to be designated by Lender or to take immediate possession of the
Collateral, or any portion thereof, and for that purpose may pursue the same
wherever it may be found, and may enter any of premises of Borrower, with or
without notice, demand, process of law or legal procedure, to the extent
permitted by applicable law, and search for, take possession of, remove, keep
and store the same, or use and operate or lease the same until sold. In
furtherance of Lender's rights hereunder, Borrower hereby grants to Lender an
irrevocable, non-exclusive license (exercisable without royalty or other payment
by Lender) to use, license or sublicense any patent, trademark, trade name,
copyright or other intellectual property in which Borrower now or hereafter has
any right, title or interest together with the right of access to all media in
which any of the foregoing may be recorded or stored; provided, however, that
such license shall only be exercisable in connection with the disposition of
Collateral upon Lender's exercise of its remedies hereunder.
(b) Lender may, if at the time such action may be lawful and always
subject to compliance with any mandatory legal requirements, either with or
without taking possession and either before or after taking possession, without
instituting any legal proceedings whatsoever, having first given notice of such
sale by registered or certified mail to Borrower once at least ten (10) days
prior to the date of such sale, and having first given any other notice which
may be required by law, sell and dispose of the Collateral, or any part thereof,
at a private sale or at public auction, to the highest bidder, in one lot as an
entirety or in separate lots, and either for cash or on credit and on such terms
as Lender may determine, and at any place (whether or not it be the location of
the Collateral or any part thereof) designated in the notice referred to above.
To the extent permitted by applicable law, any such sale or sales may be
adjourned from time to time by announcement at the time and place appointed for
such sale or sales, or for any such adjourned sale or sales, without further
published notice, and Borrower, Lender or the holder or holders of the Note, or
of any interest therein, may bid and become the purchaser at any such sale.
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(c) Lender may proceed to protect and enforce this Agreement and the
other Operative Documents by suit or suits or proceedings in equity, at law or
in bankruptcy, and whether for the specific performance of any covenant or
agreement herein contained or in execution or aid of any power herein granted;
or for foreclosure hereunder, or for the appointment of a receiver or receivers
for any real property security or any part thereof, or for the recovery of
judgment for the Obligations or for the enforcement of any other proper, legal
or equitable remedy available under applicable law.
9.05. Effect of Sale. Any sale, whether under any power of sale
available to Lender or by virtue of judicial proceedings, shall operate to
divest all right, title, interest, claim and demand whatsoever, either at law or
in equity, of Borrower in and to the property sold, and shall be a perpetual
bar, both at law and in equity, against Borrower, its successors and assigns,
and against any and all persons claiming the property sold or any part thereof
under, by or through Borrower, its successors or assigns.
9.06. Application of Collateral Proceeds. The proceeds and/or avails
of the Collateral, or any part thereof, and the proceeds and the avails of any
remedy hereunder (as well as any other amounts of any kind held by Lender at the
time of, or received by Lender after, the occurrence of an Event of Default
hereunder) shall be paid to and applied as follows:
(a) First, to the payment of reasonable costs and expenses,
including all reasonable amounts reasonably expended to preserve the value of
the Collateral, of foreclosure or suit, if any, and of such sale and the
exercise of any other rights or remedies, and of all proper and reasonable fees,
expenses, liability and advances, including reasonable legal expenses and
attorneys' fees, incurred or made hereunder by Lender;
(b) Second, to the payment to Lender of the amount then owing or
unpaid on the Note, and in case such proceeds shall be insufficient to pay in
full the whole amount so due, owing or unpaid upon the Note, then first, to the
unpaid interest thereon, second, to unpaid principal thereof and third to the
remaining balance of the Obligations under the Note; such application to be made
upon presentation of the Note, and the notation thereon of the payment, if
partially paid, or the surrender and cancellation thereof, if fully paid;
(c) Third, to the payment of other amounts then payable to Lender
under any of the Operative Documents; and
(d) Fourth, to the payment of the surplus, if any, to Borrower, its
successors and assigns, or to whomsoever may be lawfully entitled to receive the
same.
9.07. Reinstatement of Rights. If Lender shall have proceeded to
enforce any right under this Agreement or any other Operative Document by
foreclosure, sale, entry or otherwise, and such proceedings shall have been
discontinued or abandoned for any reason or shall have been determined
adversely, then and in every such case (unless otherwise ordered by a court of
competent jurisdiction), Lender shall be restored to its former position and
rights hereunder with respect to the property subject to the security interest
created under this Agreement.
ARTICLE X
MISCELLANEOUS
10.01. Modifications, Amendments or Waivers. The provisions of any
Operative Document may be modified, amended or waived only by a written
instrument signed by the parties thereto.
10.02. No Implied Waivers; Cumulative Remedies; Writing Required. No
delay or failure of Lender in exercising any right, power or remedy hereunder
shall affect or operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or
16
<PAGE> 18
partial exercise thereof or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to
enforce such a right, power or remedy preclude any further exercise thereof or
of any other right, power or remedy. The rights and remedies hereunder of Lender
are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies which it would
otherwise have. Any waiver, permit, consent or approval of any kind or character
on the part of Lender of any breach or default under this Agreement or any such
waiver of any provision or condition of this Agreement must be in writing and
shall be effective only in the specified instance and to the extent specifically
set forth in such writing.
10.03. Expenses; Indemnification. Borrower agrees upon demand to pay
or reimburse Lender for all liabilities, obligations and reasonable
out-of-pocket expenses, including reasonable fees and expenses of counsel for
Lender, from time to time arising in connection with the enforcement or
collection of sums due under the Operative Documents. Borrower shall indemnify,
reimburse and hold Lender, each of Lender's partners, and each of their
respective successors, assigns, agents, officers, directors, shareholders,
servants, agents and employees harmless from and against all liabilities,
losses, damages, actions, suits, demands, claims of any kind and nature
(including claims relating to environmental discharge, cleanup or compliance),
all reasonable costs and expenses whatsoever to the extent they may be incurred
or suffered by such indemnified party in connection therewith (including
reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses), fines, penalties (and other charges of
applicable governmental authorities), licensing fees relating to any item of
Collateral, damage to or loss of use of property (including consequential
damages to third parties), or bodily injury to or death of any person (including
any agent or employee of Borrower) (each, a "Claim"), directly or indirectly
relating to or arising out of the use of the proceeds of the Loan or otherwise,
the falsity of any representation or warranty of Borrower or Borrower's failure
to comply with the terms of this Agreement or any other Operative Document
during the Term. The foregoing indemnity shall cover, without limitation, (i)
any Claim in connection with a design or other defect (latent or patent) in any
item of equipment included in the Collateral, (ii) any Claim for infringement of
any patent, copyright, trademark or other intellectual property right, (iii) any
Claim resulting from the presence on or under or the escape, seepage, leakage,
spillage, discharge, emission or release of any Hazardous Materials on the
premises of Borrower, including any Claims asserted or arising under any
Environmental Law, or (iv) any Claim for negligence or strict or absolute
liability in tort; provided, however, that Borrower shall not indemnify Lender
for any liability incurred by Lender as a proximate result of Lender's gross
negligence or willful misconduct. Such indemnities shall continue in full force
and effect, notwithstanding the expiration or termination of this Agreement.
Upon Lender's written demand, Borrower shall assume and diligently conduct, at
its sole cost and expense, the entire defense of Lender, each of its partners,
and each of their respective, agents, employees, directors, officers,
shareholders, successors and assigns against any indemnified Claim described in
this Section 10.03. Borrower shall not settle or compromise any Claim against or
involving Lender without first obtaining Lender's written consent thereto, which
consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.
10.04. Waivers. (a) Borrower shall give Lender written notice within
one hundred eighty (180) days of obtaining knowledge of the occurrence of any
claim or cause of action it believes it has, or may seek to assert to allege
against Lender whether such claim is based in law or equity, arising under or
related to this Agreement or any of the other Operative Documents or to the
transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, or any act or omission to act by
Lender with respect hereto or thereto, and that if it shall fail to give such
notice to Lender with regard to any such claim or cause of action, Borrower
shall be deemed to have waived, and shall be forever barred from bringing or
asserting such claim or cause of action in any suit, action or proceeding in any
court or before any governmental agency or authority or any arbitrator. (b)
NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING TO THE CONTRARY CONTAINED IN THIS AGREEMENT OR ANYWHERE
ELSE, BORROWER AGREES THAT IT SHALL NOT SEEK FROM LENDER UNDER ANY THEORY OF
LIABILITY (INCLUDING ANY THEORY IN TORTS), ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL
OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES.
10.05. Notices; Payments. (a) All notices and other communications
given to or made upon any party hereto in connection with this Agreement shall
be in writing (including telexed, telecopied or telegraphic communication)
17
<PAGE> 19
and mailed (by certified or registered mail), telexed, telegraphed, telecopied
or delivered to the respective parties, as follows:
Borrower: At the address set forth on the cover page of this Agreement.
Lender: MMC/GATX PARTNERSHIP NO. I
c/o GATX Capital Corporation
Four Embarcadero Center
Suite 2200
San Francisco, California 94111
Telephone No.: 415-955-3200
Telecopier No.: 415-955-3493
Attention: Contract Administration
with a copy of all financial information to:
MEIER MITCHELL & COMPANY
4 Orinda Way, Suite 200B
Orinda, California 94563
or in accordance with any subsequent written direction from either party to the
other. All such notices and other communications shall, except as otherwise
expressly herein provided, be effective when received; or in the case of
delivery by messenger or overnight delivery service, when left at the
appropriate address.
(b) Unless Lender specifies otherwise in writing, all payments
shall be made to:
MMC/GATX PARTNERSHIP NO. I
c/o GATX Capital Corporation, as Agent
Box 71316
Chicago, Illinois 60694
10.06. Termination. This Agreement shall terminate at the end of the
Term; provided, however, that the termination of this Agreement shall not affect
any of the rights and remedies of Lender hereunder, it being understood and
agreed that all such rights and remedies shall continue in full force and effect
until payment of all amounts owed to Lender under or in connection with the
Operative Documents, whether on account of principal, interest, fees or
otherwise.
10.07. Severability. If any provision of any Operative Document is
held invalid or unenforceable to any extent or in any application, the remainder
of such Operative Document and all other Operative Documents, or the application
of such provision to different Persons or circumstances or in different
jurisdictions, shall not be affected thereby.
10.08. Survival. All representations, warranties, covenants and
agreements of Borrower contained herein or made in writing in connection
herewith shall survive the execution and delivery of the Operative Documents,
the making of the Loan hereunder, the granting of security and the issuance of
the Note.
10.09. Governing Law. THIS AGREEMENT, THE OTHER OPERATIVE DOCUMENTS
AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTIES HERETO AND THERETO SHALL BE
GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE
OF CALIFORNIA. ANY ACTION TO ENFORCE THIS AGREEMENT AGAINST BORROWER MAY BE
BROUGHT IN CALIFORNIA OR, WITH REGARD TO COLLATERAL, MAY ALSO BE BROUGHT
WHEREVER SUCH COLLATERAL IS LOCATED.
18
<PAGE> 20
10.10. Successors and Assigns. This Agreement and the other
Operative Documents shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of Lender,
all future holders of the Note, Borrower and their respective successors and
permitted assigns, except that Borrower may not assign or transfer its rights
hereunder or any interest herein without the prior written consent of Lender.
Lender may sell to any other financial entity (a "Participant") participation
interests in Lender's rights under this Agreement and the other Operative
Documents; provided that notwithstanding the sale of participations, Lender
shall remain solely responsible for the performance of its obligations under
this Agreement, Lender shall remain the holder of the Note for all purposes
under this Agreement and Borrower shall continue to deal solely and directly
with Lender in connection with this Agreement and the other Loan Documents.
Lender may disclose the Operative Documents and any other financial or other
information relating to Borrower or any Subsidiary to any potential Participant,
provided that such Participant agrees to protect the confidentiality of such
documents and information using the same measures that it uses to protect its
own confidential information.
10.11. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of
counterparts and by different parties hereto on separate counterparts, each of
which, when so executed and delivered, shall be an original, but all such
counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument.
10.12. Further Assurances. Borrower will, at its own expense, from
time to time do, execute, acknowledge and deliver all further acts, deeds,
conveyances, transfers and assurances, and all financing and continuation
statements and similar notices, reasonably necessary or proper for the
perfection of the security interest being herein provided for in the Collateral,
whether now owned or hereafter acquired.
10.13. Power of Attorney in Respect of the Collateral. Borrower does
hereby irrevocably appoint Lender (which appointment is coupled with an
interest), the true and lawful attorney-in-fact of Borrower with full power of
substitution, for it and in its name (a) to perform (but Lender shall not be
obligated to and shall incur no liability to Borrower or any third party for
failure to perform) any act which Borrower is obligated by this Agreement to
perform, (b) to ask, demand, collect, receive, receipt for, sue for, compound
and give acquittance for any and all rents, issues, profits, avails,
distributions, income, payment draws and other sums in which a security interest
is granted under Section 5.01 with full power to settle, adjust or compromise
any claim thereunder as fully as if Lender were Borrower itself, (c) to receive
payment of and to endorse the name of Borrower to any items of Collateral
(including checks, drafts and other orders for the payment of money) that come
into Lender's possession or under Lender's control, (d) to make all demands,
consents and waivers, or take any other action with respect to, the Collateral,
(e) in Lender's discretion, to file any claim or take any other action or
institute proceedings, either in its own name or in the name of Borrower or
otherwise, which Lender may reasonably deem necessary or appropriate to protect
and preserve the right, title and interest of Lender in and to the Collateral,
and (f) to otherwise act with respect thereto as though Lender were the outright
owner of the Collateral; provided, however, that the power of attorney herein
granted shall be exercisable only upon the occurrence and during the
continuation of an Event of Default. Borrower agrees to reimburse Lender upon
demand for all reasonable costs and expenses, including attorneys' fees and
expenses, which Lender may incur while acting as Borrower's attorney in fact
hereunder, all of which costs and expenses are included within the Obligations.
10.14 Confidentiality. All information (other than periodic reports
filed by Borrower with the Securities and Exchange Commission) disclosed by
Borrower to Lender in writing or through inspection pursuant to this Agreement
shall be considered confidential. Lender agrees to use the same degree of care
to safeguard and prevent disclosure of such confidential information as Lender
uses with its own confidential information, but in any event no less than a
reasonable degree of care. Lender shall not disclose such information to any
third party (other than Lender's or Lender's partner's attorneys and auditors
subject to the same confidentiality obligation set forth herein) and shall use
such information only for purposes of evaluation of its investment in Borrower
and the exercise of Lender's rights and the enforcement of its remedies under
this Agreement and the other Operative Agreements. The obligations of
confidentiality shall not apply to any information that (a) was known to the
public prior to disclosure by Borrower
19
<PAGE> 21
under this Agreement, (b) becomes known to the public through no fault of
Lender, (c) is disclosed to Lender by a third party' having a legal right to
make such disclosure, or (d) is independently developed by Lender.
20
<PAGE> 22
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto, by their officers thereunto
duly authorized, have executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above
written.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By: /s/ LISA A CONTE
----------------------------------------
Name: Lisa A. Conte
----------------------------------------
Title: President and CEO
----------------------------------------
MMC/GATX PARTNERSHIP NO. I
By: Meier Mitchell & Company, as general partner
By:
----------------------------------------
Name:
----------------------------------------
Title:
----------------------------------------
21
<PAGE> 23
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto, by their officers thereunto
duly authorized, have executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above
written.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By:
----------------------------------------
Name:
----------------------------------------
Title:
----------------------------------------
MMC/GATX PARTNERSHIP NO. 1
By: Meier Mitchell & Company, as general partner
By: /s/ JAMES V. MITCHELL
----------------------------------------
Name: James V. Mitchell
----------------------------------------
Title: Secretary
----------------------------------------
21
<PAGE> 24
SCHEDULES
1 Funding Certificate
2 Disclosure Schedule
3 Conditions Precedent
EXHIBITS
A Form of Secured Promissory Note
B Form of Landlord Consent
C Form of Warrant
D Form of Opinion of Counsel
<PAGE> 25
SCHEDULE 1
FUNDING CERTIFICATE
The undersigned,___________________ , being the duly elected and
acting_____________________________ of SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Delaware
corporation ("Borrower"), does hereby certify to MMC/GATX Partnership No. 1, in
connection with that certain Loan and Security Agreement dated as of May 7,
1997, (the "Loan Agreement"; with other capitalized terms used below having the
meanings ascribed thereto in the Loan Agreement) that:
1. The representations and warranties made by Borrower in
Article III of the Loan Agreement and in the other
Operative Documents are true and correct as of the date
hereof.
2. No event or condition has occurred and is continuing
that would constitute a Default or an Event of Default
under the Loan Agreement or any other Operative
Document.
3. Borrower is in compliance with the covenants and
requirements contained in Articles IV, VI and VII of the
Loan Agreement.
4. All conditions referred to in Article VIII of the Loan
Agreement to the making of the Loan to be made on or
about the date hereof been satisfied.
5. No material adverse change in the general affairs,
management, results of operations, condition (financial
or otherwise) or prospects of Borrower, whether or not
arising from transactions in the ordinary course of
business, has occurred.
Dated: May 7, 1997
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By:
----------------------------
Name:
--------------------------
Title:
-------------------------
<PAGE> 26
SCHEDULE 2
DISCLOSURE SCHEDULE
Any and all liens and security interests created under or pursuant
to any of the agreements filed or incorporated by reference as exhibits to
Borrower's Registration Statement on Form S-3 (file no. 333-23211) declared
effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 15, 1997.
<PAGE> 27
SCHEDULE 3
CONDITIONS PRECEDENT
PART I:
At the time of execution and delivery of this Agreement, there shall
also have been duly executed and delivered to Lender:
(a) The Warrant and amendments to certain existing warrants
to purchase the Common Stock of Borrower;
(b) A Landlord Consent, from the owner of each building in
which Collateral is anticipated to be located;
(c) A favorable opinion of counsel for Borrower, dated as of
the closing date, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit
D;
(d) Copies, certified by the Secretary, Assistant Secretary
or Chief Financial Officer of Borrower as of the closing
date, of Borrower's charter documents and bylaws and of
all documents evidencing corporate action taken by
Borrower authorizing the execution, delivery and
performance of the Operative Documents to which Borrower
is a party, in form and substance satisfactory to Lender
and its counsel;
(e) Good standing certificate from Borrower's state of
incorporation and the state in which Borrower's
principal place of business is located, together with
certificates of the applicable governmental authorities
that Borrower is in compliance with the franchise tax
laws of each such state, each dated as of a recent date;
(f) Evidence of the insurance coverage required by Section
6.01(d) of this Agreement;
(g) All necessary consents of shareholders and other third
parties with respect to the execution, delivery and
performance of this Agreement, the Warrant, the Note and
the other Operative Documents; and
(h) Form UCC-1 Financing Statements, duly executed by
Borrower, or other documents, and Borrower shall have
taken such actions, if any, as Lender shall reasonably
determine are necessary or desirable to perfect and
protect its security interest in the Collateral;
(i) Notices of Security Interest to Depository Banks in the
forms provided by Lender; and
(j) All other documents as Lender shall have reasonably
requested.
PART II
On or prior to the Funding Date of the Loan, each of the items set
forth in Part I of this Schedule 3 shall have been delivered to Lender and the
following conditions shall have been satisfied or waived by Lender:
(a) Borrower shall have provided to Lender such documents,
instruments and agreements as Lender shall reasonably
request to evidence the perfection and priority of the
security interests granted to Lender pursuant to Article
V;
(b) No Event of Default or Default shall have occurred and
be continuing;
(c) Borrower shall have duly executed and delivered to
Lender the Note;
(d) In Lender's sole discretion, there shall not have
occurred any material adverse change in the general
affairs, management, results of operations, condition
(financial or otherwise) or prospects of Borrower,
whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary
course of business, and there shall not have occurred
since March 14, 1997, any material adverse change in
Borrower's stock price;
<PAGE> 28
(e) The representations and warranties contained in this
Agreement and the other Operative Documents to which
Borrower is a party shall be true and correct in all
material respects as if made on such Funding Date;
(f) Each of the Operative Documents remains in full force
and effect; and
(g) The Funding Date of the Loan shall not be later than the
Commitment Termination Date.
<PAGE> 29
Exhibit A
Form of Secured Promissory Note
[see Exhibit 10.58]
<PAGE> 30
EXHIBIT B
RECORDING REQUESTED BY
AND WHEN RECORDED RETURN TO:
MMC/GATX PARTNERSHIP NO. I
c/o GATX CAPITAL CORPORATION, Agent
Four Embarcadero Center, Suite 2200
San Francisco, CA 94111
Attn: Contract Administration
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LANDLORD'S WAIVER AND CONSENT
THIS LANDLORD'S WAIVER AND CONSENT (this "Waiver"), dated as of
___________________, 199__, is executed by and between ____________________
("Landlord") and MMC/GATX PARTNERSHIP NO. I, a California general partnership
("Lender").
RECITALS
A. Landlord and SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. ("Tenant") are
parties to a ______________________ [Lease Agreement], dated as of
____________________, 19__ (together with any other agreement between Landlord
and Tenant relating to the Premises, as defined below, all as amended from time
to time, to be referred to herein collectively as the "Lease"), pursuant to
which Landlord has leased to Tenant that certain real property commonly known
as ______________________, and more particularly described in Attachment 1
hereto (the "Premises").
B. Tenant and Lender intend to or have entered into a Loan and
Security Agreement dated as of May 7, 1997 (the "Loan Agreement") pursuant to
which Lender has agreed or will agree to make a loan to Tenant from time to time
secured by certain assets (the "Assets") which will be located on the Premises.
AGREEMENT
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the above recitals and for other
good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby
acknowledged, Landlord and Lender hereby agree as follows:
1. Waiver and Consent. Landlord hereby does irrevocably waive,
disclaim and relinquish and assign to Lender any and all rights to impose,
receive, assert or enforce any lien, encumbrance, charge, security interest,
ownership interest, claim or demand of any kind against or involving the
Assets, whether arising by common law, statute or consensually (under the Lease
or otherwise) and whether now in existence or hereafter created, including, but
not limited to, those for rent or other right of payment. This waiver,
disclaimer, relinquishment and assignment shall survive the termination of the
Lease. Landlord further agrees that (a) neither the Assets nor any item thereof
shall become part of, or otherwise be or become a fixture attached to, the
Premises, notwithstanding the manner of the Assets' annexation, the Assets'
adaptability to the uses and purposes for which the Premises are used, and the
intentions of the party making the annexation; (b) the Assets (or any item
thereof) may be repossessed by lender; (c) in connection with such repossession
or otherwise, Lender, and any of its agents and employees, may enter upon the
Premises for the purposes of preparing for transport, disassembling,
dismantling, loading and/or removing the Assets (or any item thereof); and (d)
the right of Lender to enter the Premises and the other rights granted to
Lender in this Waiver shall not terminate until up to thirty (30) days after
Lender receives written notice from Landlord of the termination of the Lease;
provided, that if Lender exercises its rights hereunder, for any such period
after the termination of the Lease, Lender shall pay to Landlord a pro rated
rental payment for the space in which the Assets are located (at the last
monthly rate payable by Tenant) for the period until the Assets are removed.
B-1
<PAGE> 31
2. Costs. Lender agrees to indemnify and hold the Landlord harmless
from any out-of-pocket costs incurred by Landlord for any physical damage to
the Premises caused by Lender solely from the exercise of its rights under
clauses (b) or (c) of Paragraph 1 above.
3. Lease Defaults. Landlord further agrees to provide Lender with
telephonic confirmation of any default or event of default under the Lease upon
inquiry by Lender.
4. Landlord's Representations and Warranties. Landlord hereby warrants
and represents to Lender that (a) Landlord is the lessor under the Lease;
(b) there are no other agreements between the parties affecting or relating to
the Premises; (c) Landlord has all requisite power and authority to execute and
deliver this Waiver and no consents from any third party are required to do so;
(d) no event of default (nor any event which with the passage of time would
constitute an event of default) has occurred under the Lease; (e) there exists
no litigation affecting title to the Premises or any adverse claim with respect
to the Premises of which Landlord has received notice; and (f) there is no
condemnation proceeding pending with respect to any part of the Premises, nor
any threat thereof, of which the Landlord has received notice.
5. Miscellaneous. This Waiver and all rights hereby granted to Lender
hereunder shall remain in effect so long as there are any obligations owing
by Tenant under the Loan Agreement or any present or future agreement between
Tenant and Lender which involves the Assets. All the terms and provisions of
this Waiver shall be binding on and inure to the benefit of the respective
successors and assigns of Landlord and Lender. The rights and benefits of this
Waiver may be assigned or transferred by Lender or to third parties who may
become the lender, directly or indirectly, to Tenant. Lender shall provide
subsequent written notice to Landlord and Tenant of the assignment or transfer.
Headings in this Waiver are for convenience of reference only and are not part
of the substance hereof. This Waiver shall be governed by and construed in
accordance with the laws of the State of California.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Landlord and Lender have executed this Waiver as of
the date and year first written above.
LANDLORD:
----------------------------------------------
By:
----------------------------------------------
Name:
----------------------------------------------
Title:
----------------------------------------------
LENDER:
MMC/GATZ PARTNERSHIP NO. 1
By: Meier Mitchell & Company, as general partner
By:
----------------------------------------------
Name:
----------------------------------------------
Title:
----------------------------------------------
<PAGE> 32
ATTACHMENT 1
LEGAL DESCRIPTION OF PREMISES
(To Be Provided By Tenant)
<PAGE> 33
State of________________)
)
County of ______________)
On _____________, 199___ before me, the undersigned, personally appeared
__________________________, personally known to me (or proved to me on the
basis of satisfactory evidence) to be the person(s) whose name(s) is/are
subscribed to the within instrument and acknowledged to me that he/she/they
executed the same in his/her/their authorized capacity(ies), and that by
his/her/their signature(s) on the instrument the person(s), or the entity upon
behalf of which the person(s) acted, executed the instrument.
WITNESS my hand and official seal.
Signature _______________________ (Seal)
State of _______________)
)
County of ______________)
On _____________, 199___ before me, the undersigned, personally appeared
__________________________, personally known to me (or proved to me on the
basis of satisfactory evidence) to be the person(s) whose name(s) is/are
subscribed to the within instrument and acknowledged to me that he/she/they
executed the same in his/her/their authorized capacity(ies), and that by
his/her/their signature(s) on the instrument the person(s), or the entity upon
behalf of which the person(s) acted, executed the instrument.
WITNESS my hand and official seal.
Signature _______________________ (Seal)
<PAGE> 34
EXHIBIT C
FORM OF WARRANT
[See Exhibit 10.59]
<PAGE> 35
EXHIBIT D
FORM OF OPINION OF COUNSEL
May 7, 1997
MMC/GATX Partnership No. I
c/o GATX Capital Corporation, Agent
Four Embarcadero Center
Suite 2200
San Francisco, California 94111
Gentlemen:
We have acted as counsel for SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. (the
"Borrower") in connection with (i) the execution of the Loan and Security
Agreement of even date herewith (the "Loan") between Borrower and MMC/GATX
Partnership No. I ("Lender"), (ii) the issuance of a warrant to purchase
_______ shares of Borrower's [Common] [Series ____ Preferred] Stock (the
"Warrant") and (iii) the transactions contemplated thereby. This opinion is
being rendered to you pursuant to Section 8.01 of the Loan Agreement.
Capitalized terms not otherwise defined in this opinion have the meaning given
them in the Loan Agreement.
In connection with this opinion and our representation, we have
examined originals, or copies certified or otherwise identified to our
satisfaction, of the following:
(i) The Loan Agreement;
(ii) The Warrant and exhibits thereto dated as of May 7, 1997,
issued by Borrower to Lender;
(iii) The Note dated as of __________, 1997;
(iv) The Restated Certificate of Incorporation and the Bylaws of
Borrower, each as in effect on the date hereof;
(v) The certificate of an officer of Borrower as to certain factual
matters ("Officer Certificate");
(vi) Certificates issued by the Secretary of State of the State of
______________ dated _______________, 199_, [and the Secretary
of State of the State of ____________________, dated
_________________, 199_,] certifying the good standing of the
Borrower;
(vii) Such other documents, records, and certificates as we have
deemed necessary or appropriate as a basis for the opinions
hereafter expressed.
The Loan Agreement, the Note and the Warrant are hereinafter referred
to as the "Transaction Documents."
In such examinations we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures,
the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals and the
conformity to originals of all documents submitted to us as certified,
facsimile, telecopied or photostatic copies thereof. As to certain matters of
fact material to our opinion, we have relied upon the Officer Certificate and
upon your representations in the Transaction Documents.
As used in this opinion, the expression "to the best of our knowledge,"
means the actual present knowledge or belief of those attorneys in our firm who
have or who are currently representing Borrower. We have not undertaken any
independent investigation to determine the existence or nonexistence of other
facts, and no inference as to our
D-1
<PAGE> 36
knowledge of the existence or nonexistence of other facts should be drawn from
the fact of this firm's representation of Borrower in connection with the
Transaction Documents.
Based upon and subject to the foregoing and subject to the
qualifications contained herein, we are of the opinion that:
(a) Borrower is a corporation duly organized, validly existing
and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware [and is duly
qualified to do business and in good standing in the State of California].
(b) Borrower has the requisite corporate power and authority to
execute, deliver and perform the Transaction Documents and to issue the
Warrant. All action on the part of Borrower, its directors and its shareholders
necessary for the authorization, execution, delivery and performance of the
Transaction Documents, has been taken. The Transaction Documents have been duly
executed and delivered by an authorized officer of Borrower.
(c) The execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction
Documents do not conflict with or violate any provision of Borrower's Restated
Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws or of applicable law and, to the best of
our knowledge, do not conflict with or constitute a default under any provision
of any judgment, writ, decree, order or material agreement, indenture, or
instrument to which Borrower is a party or by which it is bound.
(d) The Transaction Documents constitute legal, valid and
binding obligations of Borrower, enforceable in accordance with their
respective terms. Except for ____________, to our knowledge, no filing need be
made with any governmental authority with respect to the Transaction Documents
in connection with an exemption from state usury laws or in connection with any
other matter.
(e) The Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrant have
been duly authorized and reserved for issuance upon such exercise, and when
issued in accordance with the terms of the Warrants, will be duly authorized,
validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
The opinions set forth above are subject to the following
additional qualifications, assumptions, limitations and exceptions:
(A) The effect of bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization,
fraudulent conveyance, moratorium and other similar laws relating to or
affecting the rights and remedies of creditors generally.
(B) Limitations imposed by general equitable principles upon
the specific enforceability of any of the provisions of the Transaction
Documents and upon the availability of injunctive relief or other equitable
remedies.
(C) We express no opinion as to the enforceability of any
choice of law provision in the documents.
(D) We express no opinion as to the compliance or noncompliance
with applicable antifraud statutes under the rules and regulations of state and
federal securities laws concerning the issuance of the Warrant.
(E) We express no opinion herein concerning any law other than
the law of the State of California, [the general corporate law of the State of
Delaware] and the federal laws of the United States of America.
This opinion is furnished to you solely for your benefit and may not be
relied upon by any other person (other than assignees of any of your rights)
without our prior written consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably
withheld or delayed.
Very truly yours,
_______________________________________
D-2
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 10.57A
ANNEX VIII TO
NOTE PURCHASE
AGREEMENT
FIRST AMENDMENT
TO
LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT
This FIRST AMENDMENT, dated as of June 30, 1997 (this "Amendment"), to
the Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of May 7, 1997 (as amended from time
to time, the "Loan Agreement") is entered into by and between MMC/GATX
PARTNERSHIP NO. I (the "Lender") and SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Delaware
corporation (the "Borrower").
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, the parties desire to amend the Loan Agreement in order to
permit the Borrower to obtain additional financing through the issuance of
Senior Subordinated Convertible Notes due 2000 to several buyers and the
placement agent for such transaction in an aggregate principal amount of up to
$10,400,000 (as amended from time to time in accordance with their respective
terms, the "Noteholder Notes"). The Noteholder Notes will be issued pursuant to
the several Note Purchase Agreements, dated as of June 30, 1997 (as amended from
time to time in accordance with their respective terms, the "Note Purchase
Agreements") by and between the Borrower and the several buyers of the
Noteholder Notes named therein (the "Buyers" and, together with the holders from
time to time of the Noteholder Notes, the "Holders");
WHEREAS, the Noteholder Notes may be initially secured by a pledge and
security interest granted by the Borrower in certain collateral pursuant to the
terms of a Pledge and Security Agreement (the "Security Agreement") to be
entered into by and among the Borrower and First Trust of California, N.A., as
Collateral Agent (the "Noteholder Collateral Agent"); and
WHEREAS, it is a condition precedent to the obligations of the Buyers
under the Note Purchase Agreements to purchase their respective Noteholder Notes
that the Borrower and the Lender shall have executed and delivered this
Amendment;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual
covenants contained herein and other good and valuable consideration, the
receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto
agree as follows:
1. AMENDMENT OF LOAN AGREEMENT.
1.1 Section 1.01 of the Loan Agreement shall be and is hereby
amended to add the following definitions in appropriate alphabetical order:
<PAGE> 2
"Excluded Collateral" means:
(a) all cash in U.S. currency held in the Noteholder
Collateral Account;
(b) all Government Obligations held in the Noteholder
Collateral Account;
(c) all cash, securities, rights and other property
at any time and from time to time received, receivable or otherwise
distributed in respect of the cash or Government Obligations held at
any time in the Noteholder Collateral Account;
(d) the Noteholder Collateral Account and each and
every general intangible (as such term is defined in Section 9-106 of
the Uniform Commercial Code as enacted and in force in the State of
California) relating thereto;
(e) all insurance policies relating to the Noteholder
Collateral Account or any of the cash or Government Obligations held at
any time in the Noteholder Collateral Account;
(f) all liens, guaranties and other rights and
privileges relating to any of the property referred to in the other
clauses of this definition of Excluded Collateral;
(g) all books, ledgers, books of account, records,
writings, data bases, information and other property relating solely to
the property referred to in the other clauses of this definition of
Excluded Collateral; and
(h) all proceeds, products, rents, issues, profits
and returns of and from any of the foregoing to the extent the same are
retained, or required to be retained by the Security Agreement, in the
Noteholder Collateral Account.
"Government Obligations" means direct obligations of, or
obligations the timely payment of principal of and the interest on
which are unconditionally guaranteed by, the full faith and credit of
the United States of America which mature not later than three months
after their date of issuance and which are held in the Federal Reserve
Bank book entry system.
"Holders" shall have meaning set forth in the recitals to the
First Amendment to this Agreement.
"Make-Whole Premium" shall mean an amount equal to the greater
of (i) zero and (ii) the excess of (x) the sum of the present values,
at the date of prepayment of the amount of each remaining scheduled
payment of interest on and principal on the Loan, or portion of such
payment, which will not be required to be made as a result of such
prepayment (each such payment an "Amount Payable") (each such Amount
Payable discounted separately at the Treasury Rate, determined on the
date three (3) Business Days before the date of prepayment, compounded
monthly, from the date such Amount Payable would be
-2-
<PAGE> 3
due), over (y) the principal amount of such Note to be prepaid. The
"Treasury Rate" shall be the yield (as quoted in The Wall Street
Journal on the date which is three (3) Business Days prior to the date
of prepayment) on U.S. Treasury securities adjusted to a constant
maturity equal to the then remaining number of full months to maturity
of the Note plus 100 basis points.
"Note Purchase Agreements" shall have meaning set forth in the
recitals to the First Amendment to this Agreement.
"Noteholder Notes" shall have meaning set forth in the
recitals to the First Amendment to this Agreement.
"Noteholder Collateral Account" means the separate account
established and maintained by First Trust of California, N.A., as
Collateral Agent, or its successors at First Bank, N.A., which account
holds the cash and Government Obligations which constitute part of the
Excluded Collateral and which account is initially entitled "Shaman
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Noteholder Collateral Account for First Trust of
California, N.A., as Collateral Agent."
"Noteholder Obligations" means all Indebtedness of the
Borrower for principal, interest and default interest pursuant to the
Noteholder Notes, all obligations of the Borrower to redeem, repurchase
or make payments with respect to all or any portion of the Noteholder
Notes, and all other payment obligations and liabilities of the
Borrower to the Holders under the Noteholder Notes, the Note Purchase
Agreements and the Security Agreement.
"Security Agreement" means the Pledge and Security Agreement,
which may be entered into pursuant to the Note Agreements, between
Borrower and First Trust of California, N.A., as Collateral Agent.
"Subordinated Indebtedness" shall mean Indebtedness
subordinated to the Obligations on terms and conditions acceptable to
Lender in its sole discretion."
1.2 The definition of "Collateral" in Section 1.01 of the Loan
Agreement shall be and is hereby amended in its entirety to read as follows:
"'Collateral' has the meaning given to that term in Section
5.01."
1.3 The definition of "Equity Securities" in Section 1.01 of
the Loan Agreement shall be and is hereby amended in its entirety to read as
follows:
"Equity Securities" of any Person shall mean (a) all common
stock, preferred stock, participations, shares, partnership interests
or other equity interests in and of such Person (regardless of how
designated and whether or not voting or non-voting) and (b) all
-3-
<PAGE> 4
warrants, options and other rights to acquire any of the foregoing; but
excluding the Noteholder Notes.
1.4 The definition of "Permitted Indebtedness" in Section 1.01 of the
Loan Agreement shall be and is hereby amended in its entirety to read as
follows:
"Permitted Indebtedness" shall mean and include:
(a) Indebtedness of Borrower to Lender;
(b) Indebtedness of Borrower secured by Liens
permitted under clause (e) of the definition of Permitted
Liens;
(c) Indebtedness arising from the endorsement of
instruments in the ordinary course of business;
(d) The Noteholder Obligations and other Subordinated
Indebtedness;
(e) Indebtedness existing on the date hereof and set
forth on the Disclosure Schedule; and
(f) Other Indebtedness of Borrower not exceeding Two
Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($250,000) at any time."
1.5. The last sentence of Section 2.01(c) of the Loan Agreement shall
be and is hereby amended to read in its entirety as follows:
"Except as permitted in Section 2.05, payments of principal
and interest on the Loan may not be prepaid."
1.6. Article II of the Loan Agreement shall be and is hereby amended to
add a new Section 2.05 at the end of Article II which shall read in its entirety
as follows:
"2.05 Concerning the Noteholder Notes.
(a) Upon the occurrence of an "Event of Default" or the
receipt by Borrower of a "Holder Notice" or a "Holder Redemption
Notice" (as such terms are defined in the Noteholder Notes), Borrower
shall give Lender written notice thereof on the same Business Day of
such occurrence or receipt and state therein whether Borrower is
requesting a waiver of Sections 7.01(k) or 9.01(g)(ii) or any other
provision of this Agreement.
-4-
<PAGE> 5
(b) Lender shall cooperate in good faith in responding to any
such request for a waiver, it being understood that the granting or
denial of any such requested waiver shall be in Lender's sole and
absolute discretion.
(c) If, on or before the end of the fifth Business Day (as
such term is defined in the Noteholder Notes) after the Standstill
Notice Date (as such term is defined in the Noteholder Notes), Lender
does not grant a waiver permitting full payment of all Holder Claims
then due and/or if Lender shall have elected to accelerate the Loan
(based upon the occurrence of an Event of Default under Section
9.01(g)(ii), then Borrower must immediately prepay or pay the
outstanding amount of the Loan, at a prepayment price equal to the
outstanding principal amount of the Loan, plus interest accrued thereon
through and including the date of such prepayment together with all
other amounts then due under this Agreement to Lender, plus a premium
equal to the Make-Whole Premium."
1.7. Section 5.01(g) of the Loan Agreement shall be and is hereby
amended in its entirety to read as follows:
"(g) Excluding (i) all Intellectual Property and (ii) the
Excluded Collateral."
1.8. Section 7.01(e) of the Loan Agreement shall be and is hereby
amended in its entirety to read as follows:
"(e) Distributions. (i) Pay any dividends or make any
distributions on its Equity Securities; (ii) purchase, redeem, retire,
defease or otherwise acquire for value any of its Equity Securities in
an aggregate amount exceeding $250,000 (other than repurchases by
cancellation of indebtedness pursuant to the terms of employee stock
purchase plans, employee restricted stock agreements or similar
arrangements); (iii) return any capital to any holder of its Equity
Securities as such; (iv) make any distribution of assets, Equity
Securities, obligations or securities to any holder of its Equity
Securities as such; or (v) set apart any sum for any such purpose;
provided, however, that Borrower may pay dividends payable solely in
Common Stock or warrants or options therefor."
1.9. Section 7.01(j) of the Loan Agreement shall be and is hereby
amended by (a) deleting the word "and" between clauses (i) and (ii) thereof and
(b) adding the following words at the end thereof after the words "such
account":
"and (iii) the Noteholder Collateral Account for so long as
the Excluded Collateral is held therein pursuant to the terms of the
Security Agreement."
1.10. Section 7.01(k) of the Loan Agreement shall be and is hereby
amended in its entirety to read as follows:
-5-
<PAGE> 6
"(k) Indebtedness Payments. (i) Prepay, redeem, purchase,
defease or otherwise satisfy in any manner prior to the scheduled
repayment thereof any Indebtedness for borrowed money (other than
amounts due under this Loan Agreement or the Note) or lease
obligations, (ii) amend, modify or otherwise change the terms of any
Indebtedness for borrowed money (other than the Obligations) or lease
obligations so as to accelerate the scheduled repayment thereof or
(iii) repay any notes to officers, directors or shareholders; provided,
however, that clause (i) above shall not be deemed to prohibit (x) the
redemption, repurchase or repayment of the Noteholder Notes as and to
the extent permitted by Section 8.1 thereof, (y) the payment of
interest in cash or stock on the Noteholder Notes in accordance with
their terms or (z) the conversion of the Noteholder Obligations into
common stock or other securities of Borrower in accordance with the
terms of the Noteholder Notes."
1.11. Section 7.01(m) of the Loan Agreement shall be and is hereby
amended to read in its entirety as follows:
"(m) Indebtedness. Create, incur, assume or permit to exist
any Indebtedness except Permitted Indebtedness."
1.12. Section 9.01(g) of the Loan Agreement shall be and is hereby
amended to read in its entirety as follows:
"(g) (i) An uncured default shall exist under any agreement
with any third party or parties which consists of the failure to pay
any Indebtedness at maturity (or within any grace period thereafter) or
which results in a right by such third party or parties, whether or not
exercised, to accelerate the maturity of any Indebtedness of Borrower
in an amount in excess of $250,000; or (ii) an "Event of Default" (as
such term is defined in the Noteholder Notes) shall occur and be
continuing, or a Holder shall have given to Borrower a "Holder Notice"
or "Holder Redemption Notice" (as such terms are defined in the
Noteholder Notes) and such Holder Notice or Holder Redemption Notice
shall not have been rescinded or withdrawn by 12:00 noon, New York City
time, on the fourth Business Day after such Holder Notice or Holder
Redemption Notice is given by such Holder to Borrower; or"
2. CONSENT. The Lender hereby consents to the execution and delivery by
the Borrower of the Noteholder Notes, the Note Purchase Agreements, the Security
Agreement and the other agreements and documents referred to therein each in
substantially the forms attached hereto as Exhibit A (collectively, and as
amended from time to time, the "Transaction Documents") and the performance by
the Borrower of its obligations contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
3. FUTURE SECURITY INTEREST. Upon the release to the Borrower of the
Excluded Collateral in accordance with the terms of the Security Agreement, the
definition of "Excluded Collateral" and all references thereto in the Loan
Agreement as amended by this Amendment shall be
-6-
<PAGE> 7
deemed deleted and of no further force and effect, and the Borrower agrees to
execute and deliver such other documents and agreements and take such other
actions as the Lender may reasonably request to give the Lender a perfected
first priority security interest in the Excluded Collateral on the same terms as
existed prior to the execution and delivery of this Amendment.
4. THIRD PARTY BENEFICIARIES. The Borrower and the Lender acknowledge
and agree that the Holders are third party beneficiaries of this Amendment. So
long as any Noteholder Notes remain outstanding or any Noteholder Obligations
remain unpaid, no amendments, waivers or modifications of the Loan Agreement as
amended by this Amendment shall be made or given which would increase the
principal amount of the Loan or would extend the maturity date of the Loan)
without obtaining the prior written consent of the "Majority Holders" (as such
term is defined in the Noteholder Notes).
5. FINANCING STATEMENTS. Immediately following the issuance of the
Noteholder Notes on the closing date under the Note Purchase Agreements (the
"Closing Date"), the Borrower and the Lender agree to file with the appropriate
officials, amendments on Form UCC-2 or other appropriate form to each of the
Lender's Uniform Commercial Code financing statements previously filed in
connection with the Loan Agreement. Such amendments shall state that the
Excluded Collateral is not subject to any lien or security interest in favor of
the Lender.
6. EFFECTIVENESS. This Amendment is effective upon execution and
delivery by Borrower and Lender of this Amendment.
7. MISCELLANEOUS.
7.1. This Amendment and the consent contained herein shall
operate solely with respect to the matters described herein and shall not impair
any right or power accruing to the Lender upon the occurrence or continuance of
any unrelated Default or Event of Default under the Loan Agreement, nor shall
this Amendment be construed as a waiver of any such Default or Event of Default
or as an acquiescence therein.
7.2. This Amendment shall be construed in connection with and
as part of the Loan Agreement, and except as modified and expressly amended by
this Amendment, all terms, conditions and covenants contained in the Loan
Agreement are hereby ratified and shall be and remain in full force and effect.
7.3. Any and all notices, requests, certificates and other
instruments executed and delivered after the execution and delivery of this
Amendment may refer to the Loan Agreement without making specific reference to
this Amendment but nevertheless all such references shall include this Amendment
unless the context otherwise requires.
7.4. The descriptive headings of the various Sections of this
Amendment are for convenience only and shall not affect the meaning or
construction of any of the provisions hereof.
-7-
<PAGE> 8
7.5. This Amendment shall be governed by and construed in
accordance with the laws of the State of California.
7.6. This Amendment may be executed in any number of
counterparts, each executed counterpart constituting an original, but all
together only one agreement.
7.7. Promptly, upon request, Borrower will provide photostatic
copies of the executed Transaction Documents to Lender.
-8-
<PAGE> 9
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Borrower and the Lender have caused this
Amendment to be executed by their duly elected officers as of the date first
above written.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By: /s/ Lisa A. Conte
---------------------------------
Name: Lisa A. Conte
Title: President & CEO
MMC/GATX PARTNERSHIP NO. I
By: Meier Mitchell & Company,
as General Partner
By: /s/ James V. Mitchell
---------------------------------
Name: James V. Mitchell
Title: Secretary
-9-
<PAGE> 10
EXHIBIT A
TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 10.58
SECURED PROMISSORY NOTE
$5,000,000 Dated: May 16,1997
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned, SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
("Borrower"), a Delaware corporation, HEREBY PROMISES TO PAY to the order of
MMC/GATX PARTNERSHIP NO. 1, a California general partnership ("Lender") the
principal amount of Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000) or such lesser amount as
shall equal the outstanding principal balance of the Loan made by Lender to
Borrower pursuant to the Loan and Security Agreement referred to below (the
"Loan Agreement"), and to pay all other amounts due with respect to the Loan on
the dates and in the amounts set forth in the Loan Agreement.
The principal and interest due under this Note shall be payable in
36 consecutive monthly installments of $172,300 on the fifteenth day of each
month commencing on June 15, 1997. The Loan Rate for this Note is % per annum
(based on a year of twelve 30 day months).
Whenever any payment due hereunder shall fall on a day other than a
Business Day, such payment shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day,
and such extension of time shall be included in the computation of interest or
fees, as the case may be.
Principal, interest and all other amounts due with respect to the
Loan, are payable in lawful money of the United States of America to Lender as
follows: GATX Capital Corporation, P.O. Box 71316, Chicago, Illinois 60694, in
immediately available funds. The Loan made by Lender to Borrower and the
interest rate applicable thereto, and all payments made with respect thereto,
shall be recorded by Lender and, prior to any transfer hereof, endorsed on the
grid attached hereto which is part of this Note.
This Note is the Note referred to in, and is entitled to the
benefits of, the Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of May 7, 1997, between
Borrower and Lender. The Loan Agreement, among other things, (a) provides for
the making of a secured Loan by Lender to Borrower in the principal amount first
above mentioned, and (b) contains provisions for acceleration of the maturity
hereof upon the happening of certain stated events. There shall be no prepayment
of the Loan in whole or in part.
This Note and the obligation of Borrower to repay the unpaid
principal amount of the Loan, interest on the Loan and all other amounts due
Lender under the Loan Agreement is secured under the Loan Agreement.
Presentment for payment, demand, notice of protest and all other
demands and notices of any kind in connection with the execution, delivery,
performance and enforcement of this Note are hereby waived.
Borrower shall pay all reasonable fees and expenses, including,
without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and costs, incurred by Lender in
the enforcement or attempt to enforce any of Borrower's obligations hereunder
not performed when due. This Note shall be governed by, and construed and
interpreted in accordance with, the laws of the State of California.
<PAGE> 2
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Borrower has caused this Note to be duly
executed by one of its officers thereunto duly authorized on the date hereof.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By: /s/ LISA A. CONTE
---------------------------------
Name: Lisa A. Conte
-------------------------------
Title: President and CEO
------------------------------
<PAGE> 3
LOAN INTEREST RATE AND PAYMENTS OF PRINCIPAL
Principal Scheduled
Date Amount Interest Rate Payment Amount Notation By
- ---- --------- ------------- -------------- -----------
A-3
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 10.59
THIS WARRANT HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS
AMENDED OR ANY STATE SECURITIES LAWS. NO SALE OR DISPOSITION MAY BE EFFECTED
WITHOUT (i) EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENTS RELATED THERETO, (ii) AN OPINION
OF COUNSEL OR OTHER EVIDENCE, REASONABLY SATISFACTORY TO THE COMPANY, THAT SUCH
REGISTRATIONS ARE NOT REQUIRED, (iii) RECEIPT OF NO-ACTION LETTERS FROM THE
APPROPRIATE GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITIES, OR (iv) OTHERWISE COMPLYING WITH THE
PROVISIONS OF SECTION 7 OF THIS WARRANT.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
WARRANT TO PURCHASE 200,000 SHARES
OF COMMON STOCK
THIS CERTIFIES THAT, for value received, MMC/GATX PARTNERSHIP NO. I and
its assignees are entitled to subscribe for and purchase 200,000 shares of the
fully paid and nonassessable Common Stock (as adjusted pursuant to Section 4
hereof, the "Shares") of SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Delaware corporation
(the "Company"), at the price of $6.25 per share (such price and such other
price as shall result, from time to time, from the adjustments specified in
Section 4 hereof is herein referred to as the "Warrant Price"), subject to the
provisions and upon the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth. As used
herein, (a) the term "Date of Grant" shall mean May 7, 1997, and (b) the term
"Other Warrants" shall mean any other warrants issued by the Company in
connection with the transaction with respect to which this Warrant was issued,
and any warrant issued upon transfer or partial exercise of this Warrant. The
term "Warrant" as used herein shall be deemed to include Other Warrants unless
the context clearly requires otherwise.
1. Term. The purchase right represented by this Warrant is
exercisable, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time from the
Date of Grant through ten (10) years after the Date of Grant.
2. Method of Exercise: Payment: Issuance of New Warrant. Subject
to Section 1 hereof, the purchase right represented by this Warrant may be
exercised by the holder hereof, in whole or in part and from time to time, at
the election of the holder hereof, by (a) the surrender of this Warrant (with
the notice of exercise substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A
duly completed and executed) at the principal office of the Company and by the
payment to the Company, by certified or bank check, or by wire transfer to an
account designated by the Company (a "Wire Transfer") of an amount equal to the
then applicable Warrant Price multiplied by the number of Shares then being
purchased, or (b) if in connection with a registered public offering of the
Company's securities, the surrender of this Warrant (with the notice of
exercise form attached hereto as Exhibit A-1 duly completed and executed) at
the principal office of the Company together with notice of arrangements
reasonably satisfactory to the Company for
<PAGE> 2
payment to the Company either by certified or bank check or by Wire Transfer
from the proceeds of the sale of shares to be sold by the holder in such public
offering of an amount equal to the then applicable Warrant Price per share
multiplied by the number of Shares then being purchased or (c) exercise of the
right provided for in Section 10.3 hereof. The person or persons in whose
name(s) any certificate(s) representing the Shares shall be issuable upon
exercise of this Warrant shall be deemed to have become the holder(s) of record
of, and shall be treated for all purposes as the record holder(s) of, the
shares represented thereby (and such shares shall be deemed to have been
issued) immediately prior to the close of business on the date or dates upon
which this Warrant is exercised. In the event of any exercise of the rights
represented by this Warrant, certificates for the shares of stock so purchased
shall be delivered to the holder hereof as soon as possible and in any event
within thirty (30) days after such exercise and, unless this Warrant has been
fully exercised or expired, a new Warrant representing the portion of the
Shares, if any, with respect to which this Warrant shall not then have been
exercised shall also be issued to the holder hereof as soon as possible and in
any event within such thirty-day period.
3. Stock Fully Paid; Reservation of Shares. All Shares that may be
issued upon the exercise of the rights represented by this Warrant will, upon
issuance pursuant to the terms and conditions herein, be fully paid and
nonassessable, and free from all taxes, liens and charges with respect to the
issue thereof. During the period within which the rights represented by this
Warrant may be exercised, the Company will at all times have authorized, and
reserved for the purpose of the issue upon exercise of the purchase rights
evidenced by this Warrant, a sufficient number of shares of its Common Stock to
provide for the exercise of the rights represented by this Warrant.
4. Adjustment of Warrant Price and Number of Shares. The number
and kind of securities purchasable upon the exercise of this Warrant and the
Warrant Price shall be subject to adjustment from time to time upon the
occurrence of certain events, as follows:
(a) Reclassification or Merger. In case of any
reclassification or change of securities of the class issuable upon exercise of
this Warrant (other than a change in par value, or from par value to no par
value, or from no par value to par value, or as a result of a subdivision or
combination), or in case of any merger of the Company with or into another
corporation (other than a merger with another corporation in which the Company
is the acquiring and the surviving corporation and which does not result in any
reclassification or change of outstanding securities issuable upon exercise of
this Warrant), or in case of any sale of all or substantially all of the assets
of the Company, the company, or such successor or purchasing corporation, as
the case may be, shall duly execute and deliver to the holder of this Warrant a
new Warrant (in form and substance satisfactory to the holder of this Warrant),
so that the holder of this Warrant shall have the right to receive, at a total
purchase price not to exceed that payable upon the exercise of the unexercised
portion of this Warrant, and in lieu of the shares of Common Stock theretofore
issuable upon exercise of this Warrant, (i) the kind and amount of shares of
stock, other securities, money and property receivable upon such
reclassification, change or merger by a holder of the number of shares of
Common Stock then purchasable under this Warrant, or (ii) in the case of such a
merger or sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company in
which the
2
<PAGE> 3
consideration paid consists all or in part of assets other than securities of
the successor or purchasing corporation, the securities of the successor or
purchasing corporation having a value at the time of the transaction equivalent
to the valuation of the Common Stock at the time of the transaction. Such new
Warrant shall provide for adjustments that shall be as nearly equivalent as may
be practicable to the adjustments provided for in this Section 4. The
provisions of this subparagraph (a) shall similarly apply to successive
reclassifications, changes, mergers and transfers.
(b) Subdivision or Combination of Shares. If the Company at
any time while this Warrant remains outstanding and unexpired shall subdivide or
combine its outstanding shares of Common Stock, the Warrant Price shall be
proportionately decreased in the case of a subdivision or increased in the case
of combination, effective at the close of business on the date the subdivision
or combination becomes effective.
(c) Stock Dividends and Other Distributions. If the Company
at any time while this Warrant is outstanding and unexpired shall (i) pay a
dividend with respect to Common Stock payable in Common Stock, or (ii) make any
other distribution of Common Stock with respect to Common Stock (except any
distribution specifically provided for in Sections 4(a) and 4(b)), then the
Warrant Price shall be adjusted, from and after the date of determination of
shareholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution, to that price
determined by multiplying the Warrant Price in effect immediately prior to such
date of determination by a fraction (i) the numerator of which shall be the
total number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to such
dividend or distribution, and (ii) the denominator of which shall be the total
number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such dividend or
distribution.
(d) Adjustment of Number of Shares. Upon each adjustment in
the Warrant Price, the number of Shares purchasable hereunder shall be adjusted,
to the nearest whole share, to the product obtained by multiplying the number of
Shares purchasable immediately prior to such adjustment in the Warrant Price by
a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the Warrant Price immediately prior
to such adjustment and the denominator of which shall be the Warrant Price
immediately thereafter.
5. Notice of Adjustments. Whenever the Warrant Price of the
number of Shares purchasable hereunder shall be adjusted pursuant to Section 4
hereof, the Company shall make a certificate signed by its chief financial
officer setting forth, in reasonable detail, the event requiring the
adjustment, the amount of the adjustment, the method by which such adjustment
was calculated, and the Warrant Price and the number of Shares purchasable
hereunder after giving effect to such adjustment, and shall cause copies of
such certificate to be mailed (without regard to Section 13 hereof, by first
class mail, postage prepaid) to the holder of this Warrant at such holder's
last known address.
6. Fractional Shares. No fractional shares of Common Stock will
be issued in connection with any exercise hereunder, but in lieu of such
fractional shares the Company shall
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<PAGE> 4
make a cash payment therefor based on the fair market value of the Common Stock
on the date of exercise as reasonably determined in good faith by the Company's
Board of Directors.
7. Compliance with Securities Act: Disposition of Warrant or
Shares of Common Stock.
(a) Compliance with Securities Act. The holder of this
Warrant, by acceptance hereof, agrees that this Warrant, and the Shares to be
issued upon exercise hereof are being acquired for investment and that such
holder will not offer, sell or otherwise dispose of this Warrant, or any Shares
except under circumstances which will not result in a violation of the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Act") or any applicable state
securities laws. Upon exercise of this Warrant, unless the Shares being
acquired are registered under the Act and any applicable state securities laws
or an exemption from such registration is available, the holder hereof shall
confirm in writing that the Shares so purchased are being acquired for
investment and not with a view toward distribution or resale in violation of
the Act and shall confirm such other matters related thereto as may be
reasonably requested by the Company. This Warrant and all Shares issued upon
exercise of this Warrant (unless registered under the Act and any applicable
state securities laws) shall be stamped or imprinted with a legend in
substantially the following form:
"THE SECURITIES EVIDENCED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES
ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR ANY STATE SECURITIES LAWS. NO SALE OR DISPOSITION
MAY BE EFFECTED WITHOUT (i) EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENTS RELATED THERETO,
(ii) AN OPINION OF COUNSEL OR OTHER EVIDENCE, REASONABLY SATISFACTORY TO THE
COMPANY, THAT SUCH REGISTRATIONS ARE NOT REQUIRED, (iii) RECEIPT OF NO-ACTION
LETTERS FROM THE APPROPRIATE GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITIES, OR (iv) OTHERWISE
COMPLYING WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 7 OF THE WARRANT UNDER WHICH THESE
SECURITIES WERE ISSUED, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY."
Said legend shall be removed by the Company, upon the request of a
holder, at such time as the restrictions on the transfer of the applicable
security shall have terminated. In addition, in connection with the issuance of
this Warrant, the holder specifically represents to the Company by acceptance of
this Warrant as follows:
(1) The holder is aware of the Company's business affairs and
financial condition, and has acquired information about the Company sufficient
to reach an informed and knowledgeable decision to acquire this Warrant. The
holder is acquiring this Warrant for its own account for investment purposes
only and not with a view to, or for the resale in connection with, any
"distribution" thereof in violation of the Act.
4
<PAGE> 5
(2) The holder understands that this Warrant has not been
registered under the Act in reliance upon a specific exemption therefrom, which
exemption depends upon, among other things, the bona fide nature of the
holder's investment intent as expressed herein.
(3) The holder further understands that this Warrant must be held
indefinitely unless subsequently registered under the Act and qualified under
any applicable state securities laws, or unless exemptions from registration
and qualification are otherwise available. The holder is aware of the
provisions of Rule 144, promulgated under the Act.
(b) Disposition of Warrant or Shares. With respect to any
offer, sale or other disposition of this Warrant or any Shares acquired pursuant
to the exercise of this Warrant prior to registration of such Warrant to Shares,
the holder hereof agrees to give written notice to the Company prior thereto,
describing briefly the manner thereof, together with a written opinion of such
holder's counsel, or other evidence, if reasonably requested by the Company, to
the effect that such offer, sale or other disposition may be effected without
registration or qualification (under the Act as then in effect or any federal or
state securities law then in effect) of this Warrant or the Shares and
indicating whether or not under the Act certificates for this Warrant or the
Shares to be sold or otherwise disposed of require any restrictive legend as to
applicable restrictions on transferability in order to ensure compliance with
such law. Promptly upon receiving such written notice and reasonably
satisfactory opinion or other evidence, if so requested, the Company, as
promptly as practicable but no longer than fifteen (15) days after receipt of
the written notice, shall notify such holder that such holder may sell or
otherwise dispose of this Warrant or such Shares, all in accordance with the
terms of the notice delivered to the Company. If a determination has been made
pursuant to this Section 7(b) that the opinion of counsel for the holder or
other evidence is not reasonably satisfactory to the Company, the Company shall
so notify the holder promptly with detail thereof after such determination has
been made. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Warrant or such Shares may, as to
such federal laws, be offered, sold or otherwise disposed of in accordance with
Rule 144 or 144A under the Act, provided that the Company shall have been
furnished with such information as the Company may reasonably request to provide
a reasonable assurance that the provisions of Rule 144 or 144A have been
satisfied. Each certificate representing this Warrant or the Shares thus
transferred (except a transfer pursuant to Rule 144 or 144A) shall bear a legend
as to the applicable restrictions on transferability in order to ensure
compliance with such laws, unless in the aforesaid opinion of counsel for the
holder, such legend is not required in order to ensure compliance with such
laws. The company may issue stop transfer instructions to its transfer agent in
connection with such restrictions.
(c) Applicability of Restrictions. Neither any restrictions
of any legend described in this Warrant nor the requirements of Section 7(b)
above shall apply to any transfer or grant of a security interest in, this
Warrant (or the Common Stock obtainable upon exercise thereof) or any part
hereof (i) to a partner of the holder if the holder is a partnership, (ii) to a
partnership of which the holder is a partner, or (iii) to any affiliate of the
holder if the holder is a corporation; provided, however, in any such transfer,
if applicable, the transferee shall on the
5
<PAGE> 6
Company's request agree in writing to be bound by the terms of this Warrant as
if an original signatory hereto.
8. Rights as Shareholders: Information. No holder of this Warrant,
as such, shall be entitled to vote or receive dividends or be deemed the holder
of Shares, nor shall anything contained herein be construed to confer upon the
holder of this Warrant, as such, any of the rights of a shareholder of the
Company or any right to vote for the election of directors or upon any matter
submitted to shareholders at any meeting thereof, or to receive notice of
meetings, or to receive dividends or subscription rights or otherwise until
this Warrant shall have been exercised and the Shares purchasable upon the
exercise hereof shall become deliverable, as provided herein. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the Company will transmit to the holder of this Warrant such
information, documents and reports as are generally distributed to the holders
of any class or series of the securities of the Company concurrently with the
distribution thereof to the shareholders.
9. [Intentionally omitted.]
10. Additional Rights.
10.1 Secondary Sales. The Company agrees that it will not interfere
with the holder of this Warrant in obtaining liquidity if opportunities to make
secondary sales of the Company's securities become available.
10.2 Mergers. The Company shall provide the holder of this Warrant
with at least thirty (30) days' notice of the terms and conditions of any of
the following potential transactions: (i) the sale, lease, exchange, conveyance
or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Company's property or
business, or (ii) its merger into or consolidation with any other corporation
(other than a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company), or any transaction
(including a merger or other reorganization) or series of related transactions,
in which more than 50% of the voting power of the Company is disposed of.
10.3 Right to Convert Warrant into Stock: Net Issuance.
(a) Right to Convert. In addition to and without limiting
the rights of the holder under the terms of this Warrant, the holder shall have
the right to convert this Warrant or any portion thereof (the "Conversion
Right") into shares of Common Stock as provided in this Section 10.3 at any
time or from time to time during the term of this Warrant. Upon exercise of the
Conversion Right with respect to a particular number of shares subject to this
Warrant (the "Converted Warrant Shares"), the Company shall deliver to the
holder (without payment by the holder of any exercise price or any cash or
other consideration) (X) that number of shares of fully paid and nonassessable
Common Stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing the value of this
Warrant (or the specified portion hereof) on the Conversion Date (as defined in
subsection (b) hereof), which value shall be determined by subtracting (A) the
aggregate Warrant Price of the
6
<PAGE> 7
Converted Warrant Shares immediately prior to the exercise of the Conversion
Right from (B) the aggregate fair market value of the Converted Warrant Shares
issuable upon exercise of this Warrant (or the specified portion hereof) on the
Conversion Date (as herein defined) by (Y) the fair market value of one share
of Common Stock on the Conversion Date (as herein defined).
Expressed as a formula, such conversion shall be computed as follows:
X = B-A
---
Y
Where: X = the number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued
to holder
Y = the fair market value (FMV) of one share of Common Stock
A = the aggregate Warrant Price (i.e., Converted Warrant
Shares x Warrant Price)
B = the aggregate FMV (i.e., FMV x Converted Warrant Shares)
No fractional shares shall be issuable upon exercise of the Conversion
Right, and, if the number of shares to be issued determined in accordance with
the foregoing formula is other than a whole number, the Company shall pay to
the holder an amount in cash equal to the fair market value of the resulting
fractional share on the Conversion Date (as hereinafter defined). For purposes
of Section 9 of this Warrant, shares issued pursuant to the Conversion Right
shall be treated as if they were issued upon the exercise of this Warrant.
(b) Method of Exercise. The Conversion Right may be
exercised by the holder by the surrender of this Warrant at the principal
office of the Company together with a written statement specifying that the
holder thereby intends to exercise the Conversion Right and indicating the
number of shares subject to this Warrant which are being surrendered (referred
to in Section 10.3(a) hereof as the Converted Warrant Shares) in exercise of
the Conversion Right. Such conversions shall be effective upon receipt by the
Company of this Warrant together with the aforesaid written statement, or on
such later date as is specified therein (the "Conversion Date"), and, at the
election of the holder hereof, may be made contingent upon the closing of the
sale of the Company's Common Stock to the public in a public offering pursuant
to a Registration Statement under the Act (a "Public Offering"). Certificates
for the shares issuable upon exercise of the Conversion Right and, if
applicable, a new warrant evidencing the balance of the shares remaining subject
to this Warrant, shall be issued as of the Conversion Date and shall be
delivered to the holder within thirty (30) days following the Conversion Date.
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<PAGE> 8
(c) Determination of Fair Market Value. For purposes of
this Section 10.3, "fair market value" of a share of Common Stock as of a
particular date (the "Determination Date") shall mean:
(i) If the Conversion Right is exercised in connection
with and contingent upon a Public Offering, and if the Company's Registration
Statement relating to such Public Offering ("Registration Statement") has been
declared effective by the SEC, then the initial "Price to Public" specified in
the final prospectus with respect to such offering.
(ii) If the Conversion Right is not exercised in
connection with and contingent upon a Public Offering, then as follows:
(A) If traded on a securities exchange, the fair market value
of the Common Stock shall be deemed to be the average of the closing prices of
the Common Stock on such exchange over the 30-day period ending five business
days prior to the Determination Date;
(B) If traded over-the-counter, the fair market value of the
Common Stock shall be deemed to be the average of the closing bid prices of the
Common Stock over the 30-day period ending five business days prior to the
Determination Date; and
(C) If there is no public market for the Common Stock, then
fair market value shall be determined by mutual agreement of the holder of this
Warrant and the Company.
11. Representations and Warranties. The Company represents and
warrants to the holder of this Warrant as follows:
(a) This Warrant has been duly authorized and executed by the
Company and is a valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable in
accordance with its terms, subject to laws of general application relating to
bankruptcy, insolvency and the relief of debtors and the rules of law or
principles at equity governing specific performance, injunctive relief and
other equitable remedies;
(b) The Shares have been duly authorized and reserved for
issuance by the Company and, when issued in accordance with the terms hereof
will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable;
(c) The rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions
granted to or imposed upon the Shares and the holders thereof are as set forth
in the Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended to the Date
of the Grant, a true and complete copy of which has been delivered to the
original holder of this Warrant and is attached hereto as Exhibit B (the
"Charter");
(d) The execution and delivery of this Warrant are not, and the
issuance of the Shares upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the
terms hereof will not be, inconsistent
8
<PAGE> 9
with the Company's Charter or by-laws, do not and will not contravene any law,
governmental rule or regulation, judgment or order applicable to the Company,
and do not and will not conflict with or contravene any provision of, or
constitute a default under, any indenture, mortgage, contract or other
instrument of which the Company is a party or by which it is bound or require
the consent or approval of, the giving of notice to, the registration or filing
with or the taking of any action in respect of or by, any Federal, state or
local government authority or agency or other person, except for the filing of
notices pursuant to federal and state securities laws, which filings will be
effected by the time required thereby; and
(e) There are no actions, suits, audits, investigations or
proceedings pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against the
Company in any court or before any governmental commission, board or authority
which, if adversely determined, will have a material adverse effect on the
ability of the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant.
12. Modification and Waiver. This Warrant and any provision hereof
may be changed, waived, discharged or terminated only by an instrument in
writing signed by the party against which enforcement of the same is sought.
13. Notices. Any notice, request, communication or other document
required or permitted to be given or delivered to the holder hereof or the
Company shall be delivered, or shall be sent by certified or registered mail,
postage prepaid, to each such holder at its address as shown on the books of
the Company or to the Company at the address indicated therefor on the
signature page of this Warrant.
14. Binding Effect on Successors. This Warrant shall be binding
upon any corporation succeeding the Company by merger, consolidation or
acquisition of all or substantially all of the Company's assets, and all of the
obligations of the Company relating to the Shares issuable upon the exercise
or conversion of this Warrant shall survive the exercise, conversion and
termination of this Warrant and all of the covenants and agreements of the
Company shall inure to the benefit of the successors and assigns of the holder
hereof. The Company will, at the time of the exercise or conversion of this
Warrant, in whole or in part, upon request of the holder hereof but at the
Company's expense, acknowledge in writing its continuing obligation to the
holder hereof in respect of any rights (including, without limitation, any
right to registration of the Shares) to which the holder hereof shall continue
to be entitled after such exercise or conversion in accordance with this
Warrant; provided, that the failure of the holder hereof to make any such
request shall not affect the continuing obligation of the Company to the holder
hereof in respect of such rights.
15. Lost Warrants or Stock Certificates. The Company covenants to
the holder hereof that, upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to
the Company of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or
any stock certificate and, in the case of any such loss, theft or destruction,
upon receipt of an indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the Company, or in the
case of any such mutilation upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or
stock certificate, the
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<PAGE> 10
Company will make and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate, of like tenor,
in lieu of the lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated Warrant or stock
certificate.
16. Descriptive Headings. The descriptive headings of the several
paragraphs of this Warrant are inserted for convenience only and do not
constitute a part of this Warrant. The language in this Warrant shall be
construed as to its fair meaning without regard to which party drafted this
Warrant.
17. Governing Law. This Warrant shall be construed and enforced in
accordance with, and the rights of the parties shall be governed by, the laws
of the State of California.
18. Survival of Representations, Warranties and Agreements. All
representations and warranties of the Company and the holder hereof contained
herein shall survive the Date of Grant, the exercise or conversion of this
Warrant (or any part hereof) or the termination or expiration of rights
hereunder. All agreements of the Company and the holder hereof contained herein
shall survive indefinitely until, by their respective terms, they are no longer
operative.
19. Remedies. In case any one or more of the covenants and
agreements contained in this Warrant shall have been breached, the holders
hereof (in the case of a breach by the Company), or the Company (in the case of
a breach by A holder), may proceed to protect and enforce their or its rights
either by suit in equity and/or by action at law, including, but not limited to,
an action for damages as a result of any such breach and/or an action for
specific performance of any such covenant or agreement contained in this
Warrant.
20. No Impairment of Rights. The Company will not, by amendment of
its Charter or through any other means, avoid or seek to avoid the observance
or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, but will at all times in
good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of
all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order to protect the
rights of the holder of this Warrant against impairment.
21. Severability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any
provision of this Warrant in any jurisdiction shall not affect the validity or
enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction, or affect any other
provision of this Warrant, which shall remain in full force and effect.
22. Recovery of Litigation Costs. If any legal action or other
proceeding is brought for the enforcement of this Warrant, or because of an
alleged dispute, breach, default, or misrepresentation in connection with any
of the provisions of this Warrant, the successful or prevailing party or
parties shall be entitled to recover reasonable attorneys' fees and other costs
incurred in that action or proceeding, in addition to any other relief to
which it or they may be entitled.
10
<PAGE> 11
23. Entire Agreement: Modification. This Warrant constitutes the
entire agreement between the parties pertaining to the subject matter contained
in it and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous agreements, representations,
and undertakings of the parties, whether oral or written, with respect to such
subject matter.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By /s/ LISA A. CONTE
------------------------
Title President & CEO
----------------------
Address: 213 E. Grand Avenue
South San Francisco, California 94080
11
<PAGE> 12
EXHIBIT A
NOTICE OF EXERCISE
To: SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. (the "Company")
1. The undersigned hereby:
[ ] elects to purchase __ shares of Common Stock of the
Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant,
and tenders herewith payment of the purchase price of
such shares in full, or
[ ] elects to exercise its net issuance rights pursuant to
Section 10.3 of the attached Warrant with respect to __
shares of Common Stock.
2. Please issue a certificate or certificates representing said
shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name or names as are
specified below:
---------------------
(Name)
---------------------
---------------------
(Address)
3. The undersigned represents that the aforesaid shares are being
acquired for the account of the undersigned for investment and not with a view
to, or for resale in connection with, the distribution thereof and that the
undersigned has no present intention of distributing or reselling such shares,
all except as in compliance with applicable securities laws.
-------------------------------------
(Signature)
- -----------------------
(Date)
12
<PAGE> 13
EXHIBIT A-1
NOTICE OF EXERCISE
To: SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. (the "Company")
1. Contingent upon and effective immediately prior to the closing
(the "Closing") of the Company's public offering contemplated by the
Registration Statement on Form S___, filed ____________________, 19__, the
undersigned hereby:
[ ] elects to purchase __ shares of Common Stock of the
Company (or such lesser number of shares as may be sold
on behalf of the undersigned at the Closing) pursuant to
the terms of the attached Warrant, or
[ ] elects to exercise its net issuance rights pursuant to
Section 10.3 of the attached Warrant with respect to __
Shares of Common Stock.
2. Please deliver to the custodian for the selling shareholders a
stock certificate representing such _______ shares.
3. The undersigned has instructed the custodian for the selling
shareholders to deliver to the Company $_________ or, if less, the net proceeds
due the undersigned from the sale of shares in the aforesaid public offering. If
such net proceeds are less than the purchase price for such shares, the
undersigned agrees to deliver the difference to the Company prior to the
Closing.
-------------------------------------
(Signature)
- -----------------------
(Date)
<PAGE> 14
EXHIBIT B
CHARTER
[ See Exhibit 3.1 ]
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 10.60
AMENDMENT TO WARRANTS
This AMENDMENT TO WARRANTS, dated as of May 7, 1997, is entered into by
and between SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Delaware corporation ("Company"),
and MMC/GATX PARTNERSHIP NO. 1, a California general partnership ("Holder").
RECITALS
A. Holder is the holder of four warrants (the "Warrants") to
purchase the Common Stock of Company. The first Warrant has a Date of Grant of
September 28, 1990, and is exercisable for 37,500 shares of Common Stock (the
"First Warrant"). The second Warrant has a Date of Grant of June 28, 1991, and
is exercisable for 12,500 shares of Common Stock (the "Second Warrant"). The
third Warrant has a Date of Grant of February 3, 1992, and is exercisable for
18,182 shares of Common Stock (the "Third Warrant"). The fourth Warrant has a
Date of Grant of September 20, 1993, and is exercisable for 9,524 shares of
Common Stock (the "Third Warrant").
B. In partial consideration for Holder's making certain extensions
of credit to Company pursuant to a Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of May
7, 1997, Company has agreed to extend the terms of the Warrants by making the
amendments thereto set forth herein.
AGREEMENT
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the above recitals and for other
good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby
acknowledged, Company and Holder hereby agree as follows:
1. Amendments to Warrants. The Warrants are amended as follows:
(a) The first sentence of Section 1 of each of the First
Warrant, the Second Warrant and the Third Warrant shall be amended to delete
the word "earliest" and replace it with the word "latest".
(b) Section 1 of the Fourth Warrant shall be amended to
delete the words "fifth (5th)" and replace them with the words "ninth (9th)".
2. Effect of Amendment. On and after the date hereof, each
reference to a Warrant in such Warrant or in any other document shall mean such
Warrant as amended by this Amendment.
3. Representations and Warranties. Company hereby represents and
warrants to Holder that each of the Warrants remains in full force and effect.
4. Headings. Headings in this Amendment are for convenience of
reference only and are not part of the substance hereof.
5. Governing Law. This Amendment shall be governed by and
construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California without
reference to conflicts of law rules.
<PAGE> 2
6. Counterparts. This Amendment may be executed in any number of
identical counterparts, any set of which signed by all of the parties hereto
shall be deemed to constitute a complete, executed original for all purposes.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Company and Holder have caused this Amendment to be
executed as of the day and year first above written.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By: /s/ LISA H. CONTE
------------------------------------
Name: Lisa H. Conte
------------------------------------
Title: President & CEO
------------------------------------
MMC/GATX PARTNERSHIP NO. 1
By: Meier Mitchell & Company, General Partner
By:
------------------------------------
Name:
------------------------------------
Title:
------------------------------------
<PAGE> 3
6. Counterparts. This Amendment may be executed in any number of
identical counterparts, any set of which signed by all of the parties hereto
shall be deemed to constitute a complete, executed original for all purposes.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Company and Holder have caused this Amendment to be
executed as of the day and year first above written.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By:
------------------------------------
Name:
------------------------------------
Title:
------------------------------------
MMC/GATX PARTNERSHIP NO. 1
By: Meier Mitchell & Company, General Partner
By: /s/ James V. Mitchell
------------------------------------
Name: James V. Mitchell
------------------------------------
Title: Secretary
------------------------------------
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 10.61
DIAZ & ALTSCHUL CAPITAL, LLC
745 FIFTH AVENUE, SUITE 3001
NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10151
TELEPHONE (212) 751-1011 FACSIMILE (212) 751-5757
April 17, 1997
Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
East Grand Avenue
South San Francisco, California 94080-4812
Attention: Ms. Lisa A. Conte
ENGAGEMENT AGREEMENT
Dear Madam or Sir:
This letter agreement (this "Agreement") confirms the
understanding between Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation (with
its subsidiaries collectively, the "Company"), and Diaz & Altschul Capital, LLC
(the "Placement Agent"), pursuant to which the Company has retained the
Placement Agent to render certain financial advisory services to the Company, on
the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, in connection with the
matters referred to herein.
1. RETENTION.
(a) The Company hereby retains the Placement
Agent to act as, and the Placement Agent agrees to act as, financial adviser to
the Company on an exclusive basis in connection with an offering (the
"Transaction") by the Company structured as an offering conducted pursuant to
Regulation D ("Regulation D") promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended (the "Securities Act"), or another private placement exemption. The
Transaction will be structured to result in proceeds to the Company (before
deducting fees of the Placement Agent) of approximately $10 million, although
the offering to investors will not establish any minimum or maximum size of the
offering. The Placement Agent shall be obligated to use its best efforts to
assist the Company in completing the Transaction but shall not be obligated to
purchase for cash consideration any of the securities offered in the
Transaction.
(b) The Company agrees to sell the securities in
the Transaction pursuant to agreements in forms mutually satisfactory to the
Company and the investors who
<PAGE> 2
purchase the securities. The documents for the transaction will be prepared by
the Placement Agent and its legal counsel. It is expected that the offering
materials to be provided by the Company for use by the Placement Agent in the
Transaction will consist of the Company's latest Annual Report on Form 10-K, all
reports and documents filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange
Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended, since the end of the fiscal year covered by such annual
report on Form 10-K and such other information, if any, as the Company shall
determine to provide to prospective investors.
2. COMPENSATION.
(a) As compensation for services rendered and to
be rendered hereunder by the Placement Agent, the Company agrees to pay the
Placement Agent (or cause the Placement Agent to be paid), at the time of the
closing of the Transaction, (1) an amount in cash equal to 3 percent of the
gross proceeds (on gross proceeds up to $7.5 million) from the sale of
securities to investors in the Transaction and (2) an amount of securities (the
"Fee Securities") of the same type as sold to investors in the Transaction
having a value equal to 4 percent of the gross proceeds from the sale of
securities to investors in the Transaction. For this purpose, the Fee Securities
will be valued at the same unit price paid in cash by investors in the
Transaction. The Fee Securities shall be registered in such names and
denominations as specified by the Placement Agent. The holders of the Fee
Securities will be entitled to registration rights under applicable securities
laws on the same terms as the investors in the Transaction. If the Transaction
is consummated in more than one closing, such compensation shall be paid pro
rata upon each closing.
(b) The Company agrees to pay the Placement
Agent the non- refundable amount of $25,000 upon execution of this Agreement by
the Company, as a retainer to be credited against the fees payable by the
Company pursuant to Section 2(a) if any closing of the Transaction occurs. The
Company shall pay or reimburse the Placement Agent for up to $50,000 of actual
out-of-pocket legal fees and expenses incurred by the Placement Agent in
connection with its engagement hereunder. The Company shall be responsible for
its own out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with the Transaction,
including, without limitation, costs and expenses of its legal counsel.
(c) All cash payments to the Placement Agent
hereunder shall be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to such
account as shall be specified by the Placement Agent.
3. TERMINATION OR RESIGNATION. Subject to Section 8,
hereof, each of the Placement Agent and the Company shall have the right at any
time during the term of this Agreement to terminate the Placement Agent's
services under this Agreement for any reason on ten days prior written notice.
If the Company terminates the Placement Agent's services hereunder at any time,
the Placement Agent shall be entitled to receive all of the
2.
<PAGE> 3
amounts earned and payable pursuant to Section 2 hereof during the period ending
on the effective date of such termination; provided, however, that if the
Company terminates the Placement Agent's services and, within 12 months after
such termination, proceeds with a financing which is exempt from registration
under the Securities Act on terms substantially similar to the terms proposed by
the Placement Agent with (x) any purchaser who completes a purchase of
securities in the Transaction or (y) any person introduced to the Transaction by
the Placement Agent pursuant to its engagement under this Agreement or with
respect to whom the Placement Agent assisted the Company in negotiations
regarding the Transaction during its engagement, then the Placement Agent shall
be entitled to receive compensation at the rate provided for in Section 2 hereof
as if the Placement Agent had been the financial adviser in connection
therewith.
4. INDEMNITY. As the Placement Agent shall be acting on
behalf of the Company, the Company agrees to indemnify the Placement Agent as
set forth in SCHEDULE I hereto, which is incorporated herein and made a part
hereof.
5. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF COMPANY. The
Company represents and warrants to the Placement Agent that:
(a) this Agreement has been duly authorized and
validly executed and delivered by the Company and constitutes a legal, valid and
binding agreement of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance
with its terms; and
(b) the securities offered in the Transaction
will, when issued and paid for, be legal, valid and binding obligations of the
Company, in the case of securities other than capital stock, and duly
authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable, in the case of
capital stock.
6. FURTHER COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY. The Company agrees
as follows:
(a) The Company agrees that, except as otherwise
required by law, any reference to the Placement Agent or any affiliate of the
Placement Agent in any document, or any other release or communication to any
party outside the Company, is subject to the Placement Agent's prior approval
(which shall not be unreasonably withheld), which shall be given or subsequently
confirmed in writing. Except as otherwise required by law, if the Placement
Agent resigns its appointment or is terminated prior to the dissemination of any
such document or other release or communication, no reference shall be made
therein to the Placement Agent without the Placement Agent's prior written
permission; and
(b) In connection with the Placement Agent's
activities hereunder, the Company agrees to famish the Placement Agent with all
information concerning the Company that the Placement Agent reasonably deems
appropriate and agrees to provide the Placement Agent with appropriate access to
the Company's accountants, counsel,
3.
<PAGE> 4
consultants and other appropriate agents and representatives. The Company
acknowledges that the Placement Agent may rely upon the completeness and
accuracy of information and data furnished to it by the Company's officers,
directors, employees, agents and representatives without independent
verification of such information and data or an appraisal of the Company's
assets.
7. CONFIDENTIALITY. Except to the extent authorized by
the Company or required by any federal or state law, rule or regulation or any
decision or order of any court or regulatory authority, the Placement Agent
agrees that it shall not disclose to any person, other than to persons who need
to know the information in connection with the Placement Agent's engagement
hereunder (subject to the last sentence of this section), any confidential
information which has not become public (other than through disclosure in
violation of this Section 7), about the Company received by the Placement Agent
from the Company or its attorneys, accountants, consultants or other agents or
representatives in connection with the services rendered hereunder. The
Placement Agent shall notify the Company of any order or directive to the
Placement Agent to disclose any such confidential information and shall
cooperate with the Company (at the Company's sole cost and expense) in resisting
such order or directive, if appropriate, in limiting the scope of the
information to be disclosed, and in maintaining the confidentiality of any
information that is disclosed. Without the consent of the Company, the Placement
Agent shall not disclose any confidential information to any employee or agent
of the Placement Agent except in connection with rendering advice to the Company
and shall use all reasonable efforts to ensure that all such confidential
information remains confidential.
8. SURVIVAL OF CERTAIN PROVISIONS. The compensation and
expense provisions contained in Section 2, the termination and resignation
provisions contained in Section 3, the indemnity and contribution agreements
contained in Section 4 and SCHEDULE I of this Agreement, the representations and
warranties of the Company contained in Section 5 of this Agreement, Section 7
and this Section 8 shall remain operative and in full force and effect
regardless of (a) any investigation made by or on behalf of the Placement Agent
or by or on behalf of any affiliate of the Placement Agent, any Indemnified
Person (as defined in SCHEDULE I hereto), or any person controlling any of them,
(b) consummation of the Transaction, or (c) any termination or expiration of
this Agreement or the Placement Agent's services under this Agreement, and this
Agreement shall be binding upon, and shall inure to the benefit of, any
successors, assigns, heirs and personal representative of the Company, the
Placement Agent, the Indemnified Persons and any such person.
9. NOTICES. Notice given pursuant to any of the
provisions of this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be mailed or
delivered (which shall include telephone line facsimile transmission) to the
Company at the address set forth on the first page of this Agreement or at the
following telephone line facsimile transmission number: (415) 873-1463, as the
case may be, and to the Placement Agent at 745 Fifth Avenue, Suite 3001, New
York, New York 10151, Attention: Mr. Arthur G. Altschul, Jr., or at the
following telephone line facsimile line transmission number: (212) 751-5757, as
the case may
4.
<PAGE> 5
be, in either case with a copy to Law Offices of Brian W Pusch, Penthouse Suite,
29 West 57th Street, New York, New York 10019 (telephone line facsimile
transmission number (212) 980-7055). Any such notice shall be effective upon
receipt.
10. CONSTRUCTION. This Agreement incorporates the entire
understanding of the parties and supersedes all previous agreements and shall be
governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York
as applied to contracts made and performed wholly in the State of New York,
without regard to principles of conflict of laws.
11. SEVERABILITY. Any determination that any provision
of this Agreement may be, or is, unenforceable shall not affect the
enforceability of the remainder of this Agreement.
12. HEADINGS. The section headings in this Agreement
have been inserted as a matter of convenience for reference and are not an
effective part of this Agreement.
13. COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in two
or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of
which shall constitute one and the same instrument.
14. THIRD PARTY BENEFICIARIES. This Agreement has been
and is made solely for the benefit of the Company, the Placement Agent and the
other Indemnified Persons referred to in Section 4 hereof and their respective
successors and permitted assigns, and no other person shall acquire or have any
right under or by virtue of this Agreement.
15. SUCCESSION. This Agreement shall be binding upon and
inure to the benefit of the Company, the Placement Agent, the Indemnified
Persons and their respective successors, permitted assigns, heirs and personal
representatives. No party may assign its rights or obligations under this
Agreement without the prior written consent of the other party to this
Agreement.
16. ADVERTISEMENTS. The Company agrees that the Placement
Agent shall have the right to place advertisements after the final closing of
the Transaction in financial and other newspapers and journals at its own
expense describing its services to the Company hereunder. The Placement Agent
shall afford the Company a reasonable opportunity to review the text of any such
advertisement before it is placed and will not include in any such advertisement
any statements to which the Company reasonably objects.
5.
<PAGE> 6
If the foregoing terms correctly set forth our agreement,
please confirm this by signing and returning to the Placement Agent the
duplicate copy of this letter. Thereupon this letter, as signed in counterpart,
shall constitute our agreement on the subject matter herein.
DIAZ & ALTSCHUL CAPITAL, LLC
By: /s/ Reinaldo M. Diaz
----------------------------------
Reinaldo M. Diaz
Confirmed and Agreed to as of
the date first set forth above:
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By: /s/ Lisa A. Conte
-------------------------------
Lisa A. Conte
President and
Chief Executive Officer
6.
<PAGE> 7
SCHEDULE I
This SCHEDULE I is a part of and is incorporated into that
certain letter agreement, dated April 4, 1997 (the "Agreement"), by and between
Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation (with its subsidiaries
collectively, the "Company"), and Diaz & Altschul Capital, LLC (the "Placement
Agent"). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the
respective meanings provided in the Agreement.
The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the
Placement Agent, its affiliates and each person controlling the Placement Agent
(within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act), and the respective
directors, officers, agents and employees of the Placement Agent, its affiliates
and each such controlling person (the Placement Agent and each such entity or
person, an "Indemnified Person") from and against any losses, claims, damages,
judgments, assessments, costs and other liabilities (collectively, the
"Liabilities"), and shall reimburse each Indemnified Person for all fees and
expenses (including the reasonable fees and expenses of one counsel for all
Indemnified Persons, except as otherwise expressly provided herein)
(collectively, the "Expenses") as they are incurred by an indemnified person in
investigating, preparing, pursuing or defending any claim, action, proceeding or
investigation and whether or not any Indemnified Person is a party
(collectively, the "Actions"), (i) caused by, or arising out of or in connection
with, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact
contained in any offering documents prepared by the Company (including any
amendments thereof and supplements thereto) (the "Offer Documents") or by any
omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact necessary to make
the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were
made, not misleading (other than untrue statements or alleged untrue statements
in, or omissions or alleged omissions from, information relating to an
Indemnified Person furnished in writing by or on behalf of such Indemnified
Person expressly for use in the Offer Documents) or (ii) otherwise arising out
of or in connection with advice or services rendered or to be rendered by any
Indemnified Person pursuant to the Agreement, the transactions contemplated
thereby or any Indemnified Person's actions or inactions in connection with any
such advice, services or transactions; provided, however, that, in the case of
clause (ii) only, the Company shall not be responsible for any Liabilities or
Expenses of any Indemnified Person that are determined by final judgment of a
court of competent jurisdiction to have resulted primarily from such Indemnified
Person's negligence, bad faith, or willful misconduct in connection with any of
the advice, actions, inactions or services referred to above. The Company also
agrees to reimburse each Indemnified Person for all Expenses as they are
incurred in connection with enforcing such Indemnified Person's rights under the
Agreement, which includes this SCHEDULE I.
Upon receipt by an Indemnified Person of actual notice of an
Action against such Indemnified Person with respect to which indemnity may be
sought under the Agreement, such Indemnified Person shall promptly notify the
Company in writing; provided that failure by any Indemnified Person so to notify
the Company shall not relieve the
<PAGE> 8
Company from any liability which the Company may have on account of this
indemnity or otherwise to such Indemnified Person, except to the extent the
Company shall have been materially prejudiced by such failure. The Company
shall, if requested by the Placement Agent, assume the defense of any such
Action including the employment of counsel reasonably satisfactory to the
Placement Agent. Any inactions in connection with any such advice, services or
transactions except for Liabilities (and related Expenses) of the Company that
are determined by final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction to have
resulted primarily from such Indemnified Person's negligence, bad
II-2
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 10.62
DIAZ & ALTSCHUL CAPITAL, LLC
745 5TH AVENUE, SUITE 3001
NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10151
TELEPHONE: (212) 751-1011
FAX: (212) 751-5757
June 30, 1997
Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
213 East Grand Avenue
South San Francisco, California 94080
Attention: Ms. Lisa A. Conte
Dear Madam or Sir:
In reference to the Engagement Agreement, dated April 17, 1997
(the "Engagement Agreement"), between Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware
corporation (the "Company"), and Diaz & Altschul Capital, LLC, a New York
limited liability company (the "Placement Agent"), this letter sets forth
confirmation of certain matters in connection with the engagement of the
Placement Agent under the Engagement Agreement and certain amendments to the
Engagement Agreement as follows. Capitalized terms used herein without
definition shall have the meanings given them in the Engagement Agreement.
1. The prospective investors in the Transaction include Delta
Opportunity Fund, Ltd., a British Virgin Islands corporation ("Delta"), and
Overbrook Fund I, LLC, a New York limited liability company ("Overbrook"). Delta
is an entity which is advised by Diaz & Altschul Advisors, LLC, a New York
limited liability company ("DA Advisors"). Arthur G. Altschul, Jr. serves as a
director of Delta. The Placement Agent and DA Advisors are under common control.
Mr. Altschul is the sole managing member of Overbrook and Mr. Altschul and
members of his family are the principal investors in Overbrook. DA Advisors will
serve as advisor to, or enter into a managed account agreement with, Overbrook
with regard to the Note purchased by Overbrook.
2. In view of the fact that the Placement Agent has introduced
all of the prospective investors in the Transaction, the Company agrees that the
3% cash amount payable to the Placement Agent pursuant to Section 2(a)(1) of the
Engagement Agreement shall apply to all of the gross proceeds from the sale of
securities (the "Senior Convertible Notes") to investors. The Company
acknowledges that the cash amount and the Fee Securities payable to the
Placement Agent pursuant to Section 2(a) of the Engagement Agreement with
respect to each Note Purchase Agreement between the Company and an
<PAGE> 2
investor (each, a "Note Purchase Agreement" and collectively, the "Note Purchase
Agreements") shall have been fully earned by the Placement Agent on the date
such Note Purchase Agreement is executed and delivered; provided, however, that
the Company's obligation to pay such compensation with respect to each investor
is subject to the express condition subsequent that the Senior Convertible Note
to be purchased by such investor is issued and sold to such investor on the
Closing Date provided in the respective Note Purchase Agreement and that the
funds representing the purchase price therefor are released from the investor's
escrow to or for the benefit of the Company. Accordingly, no payment of any fee,
whether in cash or in Fee Securities, will be due by the Company with respect to
any Note Purchase Agreement until such condition subsequent is satisfied with
respect to such Note Purchase Agreement.
3. Pursuant to Section 2(b) of the Engagement Agreement, the
Company hereby agrees to increase the amount it shall pay or reimburse the
Placement Agent for expenses thereunder from $50,000 to $62,500.
If the matters set forth in this letter are acceptable to the
Company, please sign a copy of this letter in the space provided below and
return it to the Placement Agent, whereupon this letter shall be a binding
agreement between the Company and the Placement Agent under the laws of the
State of New York and the Engagement Agreement shall be amended by this letter
Agreement. Except as amended by this letter agreement, the Engagement Agreement
remains in full force and effect.
Very truly yours,
DIAZ & ALTSCHUL CAPITAL, LLC
By: /s/ Arthur G. Altschul
---------------------------------
Managing Member
Accepted and agreed as of the date
first set forth above.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By: /s/ Lisa A. Conte
---------------------------------
Lisa A. Conte
President and
Chief Executive Officer
2.
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 10.63
NOTE PURCHASE AGREEMENT
dated as of June 30, 1997
by and between
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
and
[NAME OF BUYER]
--------------------
SENIOR SUBORDINATED CONVERTIBLE NOTE
--------------------
Placement Agent:
Diaz & Altschul Capital, LLC
<PAGE> 2
NOTE PURCHASE AGREEMENT
SENIOR SUBORDINATED CONVERTIBLE NOTE
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Page
----
<S> <C> <C>
1. Definitions...........................................................1
2. Purchase And Sale.....................................................6
(A) Purchase.....................................................6
(B) Form Of Payment..............................................6
(C) Closing......................................................7
3. Representations, Warranties, Covenants,
Etc. Of The Buyer.....................................................7
(A) Purchase For Investment......................................7
(B) Accredited Investor..........................................7
(C) Reoffers And Resales.........................................7
(D) Company Reliance.............................................7
(E) Information Provided.........................................7
(F) Absence Of Approvals.........................................8
(G) Note Purchase Agreement......................................8
(H) Buyer Status.................................................8
(I) Short Position...............................................8
4. REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES, COVENANTS,
ETC. OF THE COMPANY...................................................8
(a) Organization and Authority...................................8
(b) Qualifications...............................................8
(c) Capitalization...............................................9
(d) Material Losses..............................................9
(e) Concerning the Shares and the Common Stock...................9
(f) Corporate Authorization.....................................10
(g) Non-contravention...........................................10
(h) Approvals...................................................10
(i) Information Provided........................................11
(j) Conduct of Business.........................................11
(k) SEC Filings.................................................11
(l) Absence of Certain Proceedings..............................11
(m) Liabilities.................................................12
(n) Absence of Certain Changes..................................12
(o) Intellectual Property.......................................12
(p) Internal Accounting Controls................................12
(q) Compliance with Law.........................................12
(r) Properties..................................................12
(s) Labor Relations.............................................13
(t) Insurance...................................................13
(u) Absence of Brokers, Finders, Etc............................13
(v) No Solicitation.............................................13
(w) Certain Issuances of Securities.............................13
</TABLE>
-i-
<PAGE> 3
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
5. Certain Covenants....................................................13
(a) Transfer Restrictions.......................................13
(b) Restrictive Legend..........................................14
(c) Transfer Agent Instructions.................................14
(d) Nasdaq Listing..............................................15
(e) Form D......................................................15
(f) Security Agreement..........................................15
(g) State Securities Laws.......................................15
(h) Certain Future Financings and Related Actions...............15
(i) Limitation on Certain Actions...............................16
(j) Use of Proceeds.............................................16
(k) Delayed Registration Payments...............................17
(l) Best Efforts................................................17
(m) Debt Obligation.............................................17
(n) Escrow Release..............................................17
(o) Stockholder Approval........................................17
6. CONDITIONS TO THE COMPANY'S OBLIGATION TO SELL.......................18
7. CONDITIONS TO THE BUYER'S OBLIGATION TO
PURCHASE.............................................................19
8. REGISTRATION RIGHTS..................................................20
(a) Mandatory Registration......................................20
(b) Obligations of the Company..................................21
(c) Obligations of the Buyer and other Investors................24
(d) Expenses of Registration....................................25
(e) Indemnification.............................................25
(f) Contribution................................................26
(g) Reports under 1934 Act......................................27
9. REPRESENTATIONS AND AGREEMENTS TO SURVIVE
DELIVERY.............................................................27
10. MISCELLANEOUS........................................................27
(a) Governing Law...............................................27
(b) Headings....................................................27
(c) Severability................................................27
(d) Notices.....................................................27
(e) Counterparts................................................28
(f) Entire Agreement............................................28
(g) Waiver......................................................28
(h) Amendment...................................................28
(i) Further Assurances..........................................28
(j) Assignment of Registration Rights...........................28
(k) Expenses....................................................29
(l) Termination.................................................29
(m) Press Release, Public Announcements, Etc....................29
(n) Construction................................................29
SCHEDULE
Schedule 4(c) Options, Warrants; Antidilution Adjustments
</TABLE>
-ii-
<PAGE> 4
<TABLE>
ANNEXES
<S> <C>
Annex I Senior Subordinated Convertible Note
Annex II Buyer Escrow Instructions
Annex III Pledge and Security Agreement
Annex IV Transfer Agent Agreement
Annex V Opinion of the Law Offices of Brian W Pusch to be delivered to the Buyer
and the Company on the Closing Date
Annex VI Opinion of Brobeck Phleger & Harrison LLP to be delivered to the Buyer
on the Closing Date
Annex VII Opinion of Pennie & Edmonds LLP, special counsel for the Company, to
be delivered to the Buyer on the Closing Date
Annex VIII MMC/GATX Amendment
</TABLE>
-iii-
<PAGE> 5
NOTE PURCHASE AGREEMENT
THIS NOTE PURCHASE AGREEMENT, dated as of June 30, 1997 (this
"Agreement"), by and between SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Delaware
corporation, with headquarters located at 213 East Grand Avenue, South San
Francisco, California 94080 (the "Company"), and [BUYER NAME], a [Buyer area of
incorporation and business type] (the "Buyer").
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, the Buyer wishes to purchase from the Company and the
Company wishes to sell to the Buyer, upon the terms and subject to the
conditions of this Agreement, a promissory note of the Company having the
aggregate principal amount set forth on the signature page of this Agreement and
which will be convertible into shares of Common Stock (such capitalized term and
all other capitalized terms used herein having the respective meanings provided
herein); and
WHEREAS, if the Closing Date is on or before the 90th day
following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, then on the Closing Date
the Company and the Collateral Agent, shall execute and deliver, one to the
other, a Security Agreement, in the form referred to herein which provides for
the grant to the Collateral Agent of a first priority perfected security
interest in certain collateral upon the terms and with the effect provided as
described therein;
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual
covenants contained herein and other good and valuable consideration, the
receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as
follows:
1. DEFINITIONS
(a) As used in this Agreement, the terms "Agreement", "Buyer"
and "Company" shall have the respective meanings assigned to such terms in the
introductory paragraph of this Agreement.
(b) All the agreements or instruments herein defined shall
mean such agreements or instruments as the same may from time to time be
supplemented or amended or the terms thereof waived or modified to the extent
permitted by, and in accordance with, the terms thereof and of this Agreement.
(c) The following terms shall have the following meanings
(such meanings to be equally applicable to both the singular and plural forms of
the terms defined):
"Affiliate" means, with respect to any person, any other
person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries,
controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the subject person.
For purposes of this definition, "control" (including, with correlative meaning,
the terms "controlled by" and "under common control with"), as used with respect
to any person, shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power
to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such person,
whether through the ownership of voting securities or by contract or otherwise.
"Blackout Period" means the period of up to 20 consecutive
days after the date the Company notifies the Investors that they are required,
pursuant to Section 8(c)(4), to suspend offers and sales of Registrable
Securities as a result of an event or circumstance described in
<PAGE> 6
Section 8(b)(5)(A) during which period, by reason of Section 8(b)(5)(B), the
Company is not required to amend the Registration Statement or to supplement the
Prospectus; provided, however, that such period may be up to 30 consecutive days
if the Company so elects in accordance with Section 8(b)(5)(B), subject to the
limitations provided therein.
"Business Day" means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or
a day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized or
required by law or executive order to remain closed.
"Buyer Escrow Agent" means the escrow agent identified in the
Buyer Escrow Instructions.
"Buyer Escrow Instructions" means the Buyer Escrow
Instructions attached hereto as Annex II.
"Buyer Release Notice" means a notice given by the Buyer to
the Buyer Escrow Agent stating that the conditions precedent to its obligation
to purchase the Note in Section 7 have been satisfied or waived by the Buyer and
that the Buyer Escrow Agent is instructed to release the Escrow Funds to the
Company as provided in the Buyer Escrow Instructions.
"Calculation Period" means the period from and including
January 28, 1998 to and including February 28, 1998.
"Claims" means any losses, claims, damages, liabilities or
expenses (joint or several), incurred by a person or entity.
"Closing Date" means 12:00 noon, New York City time, on the
SEC Effective Date or such other mutually agreed to time.
"Collateral" shall have the meaning provided in the Security
Agreement.
"Collateral Account" shall have the meaning provided in the
Security Agreement.
"Collateral Agent" means First Trust of California, N.A., as
pledgee under the Security Agreement.
"Common Stock" means the Common Stock, par value $.001 per
share, of the Company.
"Company Notice" means a notice given by the Company to both
the Buyer and the Buyer Escrow Agent stating that the Registration Statement has
been declared effective by the SEC.
"Conversion Notice" means a Notice of Conversion substantially
in the form of Exhibit A to the Note.
"Conversion Shares" means the Shares of Common Stock issuable
upon conversion of the Note.
"Derivative Securities" means puts, calls, options or other
derivative securities in respect of the Common Stock.
"Event of Default" shall have the meaning provided in the
Note.
-2-
<PAGE> 7
"Execution Date" means the later of the dates this Agreement
is executed and delivered by each of the parties hereto as indicated on the
signature page hereof.
"Final Maturity Note" means the note of the Company issuable
on the maturity date of the Note in the form attached as Exhibit K to Annex I
hereto.
"Fletcher" means Fletcher International Limited, a company
organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands.
"Fletcher Subscription Agreement" means the Subscription
Agreement, dated July 25, 1996, between the Company and Fletcher.
"Indemnified Party" means the Company, each of its directors,
each of its officers who signs the Registration Statement, each person, if any,
who controls the Company within the meaning of the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act, any
underwriter and any other stockholder selling securities pursuant to the
Registration Statement or any of its directors or officers or any person who
controls such stockholder or underwriter within the meaning of the 1933 Act or
the 1934 Act.
"Indemnified Person" means each Investor who holds Registrable
Securities and each Investor who sells such Registrable Securities in the manner
permitted under this Agreement, the directors, if any, of such Investor, the
officers, if any, of such Investor, each person, if any, who controls any
Investor within the meaning of the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act, any underwriter (as
defined in the 1933 Act) acting on behalf of an Investor who participates in the
offering of Registrable Securities of such Investor in accordance with the plan
of distribution contained in any Prospectus, the directors, if any, of such
underwriter and the officers, if any, of such underwriter, and each person, if
any, who controls any such underwriter within the meaning of the 1933 Act or the
1934 Act .
"Inspector" means any attorney, accountant or other agent
retained by an Investor for the purposes provided in Section 8(b)(9).
"Interest Shares" means the shares of Common Stock issuable in
payment of interest on the Note.
"Investor" means the Buyer and any permitted transferee or
assignee who agrees to become bound by the provisions of Section 8 of this
Agreement.
"March 1997 10-Q" means the Company's Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1997.
"Majority Holders" shall have the meaning provided in the
Note.
'Market Price" shall have the meaning provided in the Note.
"Maturity Date" shall have the meaning provided in the Note.
"Maximum Share Amount" shall have the meaning provided in the
Note.
"MMC/GATX Amendment" means the First Amendment to the MMC/GATX
Loan Agreement between the Senior Lender and the Company in the form attached
hereto as Annex VIII.
"MMC/GATX Loan Agreement" means the Loan and Security
Agreement, dated
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<PAGE> 8
as of May 7, 1997, as amended, between the Senior Lender and the Company.
"NASD" means the National Association of Securities Dealers,
Inc.
"Nasdaq" means the Nasdaq National Market.
"Net Cash and Cash Equivalent Balances " shall have the
meaning provided in the Note.
"1997 Registration Statements" means the Company's
Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333-18815), declared
effective by the SEC on January 16, 1997, and the Company's Registration
Statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333-23211), declared effective by the
SEC on April 15, 1997.
"1996 10-K" means the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996, as amended by Amendment No. 1 thereto
on Form 10-K/A.
"1934 Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended.
"1933 Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
"Non-Responsive Investor" means an Investor who does not
provide the Requested Information to the Company at least one (1) Business Day
prior to the filing of the Registration Statement.
"Note" means the Senior Subordinated Convertible Note of the
Company in the form of Annex I to this Agreement.
"Other Notes" shall have the meaning provided in the Note.
"Prospectus" means the prospectus, including any preliminary
prospectus, forming part of the Registration Statement and any amendment or
supplement thereto.
"Purchase Price" means the purchase price for the Note set
forth on the signature page of this Agreement.
"Questionnaire" means the Prospective Purchaser Questionnaire
completed by the Buyer.
"Record" means all pertinent financial and other records,
pertinent corporate documents and properties of the Company subject to
inspection for the purposes provided in Section 8(b)(9).
"register," "registered," and "registration" refer to a
registration effected by preparing and filing a Registration Statement or
Statements in compliance with the 1933 Act and pursuant to Rule 415, and the
declaration or ordering of effectiveness of such Registration Statement by the
SEC.
"Registrable Securities" means the Shares and any stock or
other securities into which or for which the Common Stock represented by the
Shares may hereafter be changed, converted or exchanged by the Company or its
successor, as the case may be, and any other securities issued to holders of
such Common Stock (or such shares into which or for which such shares are so
changed, converted or exchanged) upon any reclassification, share combination,
share subdivision, share dividend, merger, consolidation or similar transaction
or event.
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<PAGE> 9
"Registration Period" means the period from the SEC Effective
Date to the earlier of (i) the date which is three years after the Closing Date
and (ii) the date on which the Investors no longer own any Registrable
Securities (or, if (x) the Note shall have been fully converted into shares of
Common Stock, (y) the Maturity Date shall have occurred or (z) the Note shall no
longer remain outstanding, such date after which each Investor may sell all of
its Registrable Securities without registration under the 1933 Act pursuant to
Rule 144, free of any limitation on the volume of such securities which may be
sold in any period).
"Registration Statement" means a registration statement on
Form S-3 of the Company under the 1933 Act which names the Investors as selling
stockholders.
"Regulation D" means Regulation D under the 1933 Act.
"Repurchase Event" shall have the meaning provided in the
Note.
"Requested Information" means the information the Company
requires from each Investor in connection with the preparation of the
Registration Statement.
"Rule 415" means Rule 415 under the 1933 Act or any successor
rule providing for offering securities on a delayed or continuous basis.
"Rule 144" means Rule 144 promulgated under the 1933 Act or
any other similar rule or regulation of the SEC that may at any time permit a
holder of any securities to sell securities of the Company to the public without
registration under the 1933 Act.
"SEC" means the Securities and Exchange Commission.
"SEC Effective Date" means the date the Registration Statement
is declared effective by the SEC.
"SEC Filing Date" means the date the Registration Statement is
first filed with the SEC pursuant to Section 8.
"SEC Reports" means the 1996 10-K, the March 1997 10-Q and the
Company's definitive Proxy Statement for its 1997 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders, in each case as filed with the SEC.
"Securities" means, collectively, the Note, the Final Maturity
Note and the Shares.
"Security Agreement" means the Pledge and Security Agreement
between the Company and the Collateral Agent in the form attached hereto as
Annex III.
"Senior Lender" means MMC/GATX Limited Partnership No. I, a
California general partnership.
"Series A Preferred Stock" means the Series A Convertible
Preferred A Stock, $.001 par value, of the Company.
"Shares" means the Conversion Shares and the Interest Shares.
"Short Sale" shall have the meaning given such term in Rule
3b-3 under the 1934 Act as in effect on the Execution Date.
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<PAGE> 10
"Side Letter" means the side letter agreement, dated as of the
date of this Agreement, between the Company and the Buyer.
"Stockholder Approval" shall have the meaning provided in the
Note.
"Trading Day" shall have the meaning provided in the Note.
"Transaction Documents" means, collectively, this Agreement,
the Security Agreement, the Note, the Final Maturity Note and the other
agreements, instruments and documents contemplated hereby and thereby.
"Transfer Agent" means Boston EquiServe, as Servicing Agent
for BankBoston, N.A., or any successor thereof serving as transfer agent and
registrar for the Common Stock and conversion agent for the Note.
"Transfer Agent Agreement" means the agreement among the
Company, the Transfer Agent and the Buyer, in substantially the form attached
hereto as Annex IV.
"Violations" means the matters set forth in clauses (i), (ii)
and (iii) of Section 8(e)(1).
2. PURCHASE AND SALE; PURCHASE PRICE.
(a) Purchase. The Buyer hereby agrees to purchase, and the
Company hereby agrees to sell to the Buyer, on the Closing Date, the Note in the
principal amount set forth on the signature page of this Agreement and having
the terms and conditions as set forth in the form of the Note attached hereto as
Annex I for the Purchase Price.
(b) Form of Payment. Within three Business Days after the
date the Company and the Buyer execute and deliver this Agreement, one to the
other, the Buyer shall deposit an amount equal to the Purchase Price in escrow
by delivering funds in United States Dollars in the amount of the Purchase Price
to the Buyer Escrow Agent against delivery by the Company of the Note, duly
executed on behalf of the Company, to the Buyer on or prior to the Closing Date.
Delivery of the Purchase Price to the Buyer Escrow Agent shall be made by wire
transfer of funds to:
Citibank, N.A.
153 East 53rd Street
New York, New York 10043
ABA#021000089
For credit to A/C#37179446
For credit to the account of Brian W. Pusch Attorney Escrow Account
Reference: Shaman/[Reference Info]
Such funds shall at all times remain the property of the Buyer, subject to the
terms of the Buyer Escrow Instructions, until required to be released to the
Company in accordance with the Buyer Escrow Instructions. By signing this
Agreement, the Buyer agrees to all of the terms and conditions of, and becomes a
party to, the Buyer Escrow Instructions, all of the provisions of which are
incorporated herein by this reference as if set forth in full. Neither the
Company nor any creditor or stockholder of the Company or any person claiming
rights by, through or on behalf of the Company shall have any claim, lien,
equity, encumbrance or other right to or in respect of the funds or any other
property held pursuant to the Buyer Escrow Instructions prior to satisfaction of
the conditions to the release thereof to the Company in accordance with the
terms
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<PAGE> 11
of this Agreement and the Buyer Escrow Instructions.
(c) Closing. The issuance and sale of the Note shall occur
on the Closing Date at the Law Offices of Brian W Pusch, Penthouse Suite, 29
West 57th Street, New York, New York.
3. REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES, COVENANTS, ETC. OF THE
BUYER
The Buyer represents and warrants to, and covenants and agrees
with, the Company as follows:
(a) Purchase for Investment; Circumstances of Offer. The
Buyer is purchasing the Note for its own account for investment and not with a
view towards the public sale or distribution thereof; the Buyer did not receive
an offer of the Note as part of or in connection with an offer or sale of shares
of Common Stock received by the Buyer pursuant to the 1997 Registration
Statements; the Buyer did not receive any offer and did not make any purchase of
shares of Common Stock which were offered and sold by the Company pursuant to
the 1997 Registration Statements; the Buyer did not first learn about the
offering of the Note through any information the Buyer knew regarding the 1997
Registration Statements or the offer and sale of shares of Common Stock thereby;
any Shares acquired by the Buyer will only be acquired for its own account for
investment; and the Buyer has no intention of making any distribution, within
the meaning of the 1933 Act, of the Shares except in compliance with the
registration requirements of the 1933 Act or pursuant to an exemption therefrom;
(b) Accredited Investor. The Buyer is an "accredited
investor" as that term is defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D by reason of Rule
501(a)(3) thereof;
(c) Reoffers and Resales. The Buyer will not, directly or
indirectly, offer, sell, pledge, transfer or otherwise dispose of (or solicit
any offers to buy, purchase or otherwise acquire or take a pledge of) any of the
Securities unless registered under the 1933 Act and the rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder or pursuant to an exemption from registration;
(d) Company Reliance. The Buyer understands that the Note is
being offered and sold, the Shares and the Final Maturity Note are being offered
and, upon conversion of the Note, the Conversion Shares will be sold, and the
Interest Shares will be issued to it in reliance on one or more exemptions from
the registration requirements of the 1933 Act, including, without limitation,
Regulation D, and exemptions from state securities laws and that the Company is
relying upon the truth and accuracy of, and the Buyer's compliance with, the
representations, warranties, agreements, acknowledgments and understandings of
the Buyer set forth herein and in the Questionnaire, a true and accurate copy of
which has been delivered by the Buyer to the Company, in order to determine the
availability of such exemptions and the eligibility of the Buyer to acquire the
Securities; and the information with respect to the Buyer set forth in the
Questionnaire is accurate and complete in all material respects;
(e) Information Provided. The Buyer and its advisors have
requested, received and considered all information relating to the business,
properties, operations, condition (financial or other), results of operations
and prospects of the Company and information relating to the offer and sale of
the Note and the offer and, upon conversion of the Note, sale of the Shares
deemed relevant by them; the Buyer and its advisors have been afforded the
opportunity to ask questions of the Company concerning the terms of the
Securities and the business, properties, operations, condition (financial or
other), results of operations and prospects of the Company and have received
satisfactory answers to any such inquiries; without limiting the generality of
the foregoing, the Buyer has had the opportunity to obtain and to review the SEC
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<PAGE> 12
Reports; the Buyer has, in connection with its decision to purchase the Note,
relied solely upon the SEC Reports, the representations, warranties, covenants
and agreements of the Company set forth in this Agreement and to be contained in
the Note, the Security Agreement and the Transfer Agent Agreement, as well as
any investigation of the Company completed by the Buyer or its advisors; the
Buyer understands that its investment in the Securities involves a high degree
of risk; and the Buyer understands that the offering of the Note is being made
to the Buyer as part of an offering without any minimum or maximum amount of the
offering (subject, however, to the right of the Company at any time prior to
execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company, in its sole discretion,
to accept or reject an offer by the Buyer to purchase the Note);
(f) Absence of Approvals. The Buyer understands that no
United States federal or state agency or any other government or governmental
agency has passed on or made any recommendation or endorsement of the
Securities;
(g) Note Purchase Agreement. The Buyer has all requisite
power and authority, corporate or otherwise, to execute, deliver and perform its
obligations under this Agreement and the other agreements executed by the Buyer
in connection herewith and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby
and thereby; and this Agreement has been duly and validly authorized, duly
executed and delivered by the Buyer and, assuming due execution and delivery by
the Company, is a valid and binding agreement of the Buyer enforceable in
accordance with its terms, except as the enforceability hereof may be limited by
bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance or
other similar laws now or hereafter in effect relating to or affecting
creditors' rights generally and general principles of equity, regardless of
whether enforcement is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law;
(h) Buyer Status. The Buyer is not a "broker" or "dealer"
as those terms are defined in the 1934 Act which is required to be registered
with the SEC pursuant to Section 15 of the 1934 Act; and
(i) Short Position. As of the date of this Agreement, the
Buyer and its Affiliates do not, directly or indirectly, maintain a short
position in the Common Stock resulting from a Short Sale or own any puts, calls,
options or other Derivative Securities.
4. REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES, COVENANTS, ETC. OF THE
COMPANY.
The Company represents and warrants to, and covenants and
agrees with, the Buyer that:
(a) Organization and Authority. The Company is a corporation
duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the
State of Delaware, and has all requisite corporate power and authority to (i)
own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as described
in the SEC Reports and as currently conducted, and (ii) to execute, deliver and
perform its obligations under this Agreement, the Note and the other agreements
executed and delivered by the Company in connection herewith, and to consummate
the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The Company has no
subsidiaries or equity investments in any other person.
(b) Qualifications. The Company is duly qualified to do
business as a foreign corporation and is in good standing in all jurisdictions
wherein such qualification is necessary and where failure so to qualify could
have a material adverse effect on the business, properties, operations,
condition (financial or other), results of operations or prospects of the
Company.
(c) Capitalization. The authorized capital of the Company
consists of (a)
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<PAGE> 13
40,000,000 shares of Common Stock, of which 17,531,029 shares were outstanding
on June 20, 1997 and (b) 1,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, $.001 par value,
of which 400,000 shares have been designated Series A Preferred Stock, of which
400,000 shares were outstanding on June 20, 1997; on the Closing Date there will
be no material increase in the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding
(except for shares issued upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock and
upon the exercise of options and warrants outstanding on the date hereof or
options or similar rights granted subsequent to the date of this Agreement
pursuant to the Company's stock option plans in effect on the date of this
Agreement) and no increase in the number of shares of preferred stock
outstanding. Except as disclosed in Schedule 4(c), (i) the 1996 10-K discloses
as of December 31, 1996 all outstanding options or warrants for the purchase of,
or other rights to purchase or subscribe for, or securities convertible into or
exchangeable for, Common Stock or other capital stock of the Company, or any
contracts or commitments to issue or sell Common Stock or other capital stock of
the Company or any such options, warrants, rights or other securities; and (ii)
from such date to the date hereof there has been, and to the Closing Date there
will be, no material change in the amount or terms of any of the foregoing. The
Company has duly reserved from its authorized and unissued shares of Common
Stock the full number of shares required for (a) all options, warrants,
convertible securities, puts (including, without limitation, puts pursuant to
the Fletcher Subscription Agreement) and other rights to acquire shares of
Common Stock which are outstanding and (b) all shares of Common Stock and
options and other rights to acquire shares of Common Stock which may be issued
or granted under the stock option and similar plans which have been adopted by
the Company; and, immediately following the Closing Date, after giving effect to
any antidilution or similar adjustment arising by reason of issuance of the Note
and the Other Notes, the total number of shares of Common Stock reserved and
required to be reserved from the authorized and unissued shares of Common Stock
for purposes of all such options, warrants, convertible securities, other rights
and stock option and similar plans (excluding the Note and the Other Notes) will
be 21,314,896. Each outstanding class or series of securities for which any such
antidilution adjustment will occur is identified on Schedule 4(c) attached
hereto, together with the amount of such antidilution adjustment for each such
class or series. The outstanding shares of Common Stock and Series A Preferred
Stock have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and
nonassessable and all of such options, warrants and other rights have been duly
authorized by the Company. None of the holders of such outstanding shares of
Common Stock is subject to personal liability solely by reason of being such a
holder. None of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, shares of Series A
Preferred Stock and options, warrants and other rights to acquire Common Stock
has been issued in violation of the preemptive rights of any securityholder of
the Company. The offers and sales of the outstanding shares of Common Stock,
shares of Series A Preferred Stock and options, warrants and other rights to
acquire Common Stock were at all relevant times either registered under the 1933
Act and applicable state securities laws or exempt from such requirements. No
holder of any of the Company's securities has any rights, "demand," "piggy-back"
or otherwise, to have such securities registered by reason of the intention to
file, filing or effectiveness of the Registration Statement.
(d) Material Losses. Except as disclosed in the SEC Reports,
since December 31, 1996, the Company has not sustained any loss or interference
with its business or properties from fire, flood, hurricane, accident or other
calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or
court or governmental action, order or decree, which loss or interference would
be material to the business, properties, operations, condition (financial or
other), results of operations or prospects of the Company.
(e) Concerning the Shares and the Common Stock. The Shares
have been duly authorized and the Conversion Shares, when issued upon conversion
of the Note, and the Interest Shares, when issued in payment of interest on the
Note, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and will
not subject the holder thereof to personal liability by reason of being such
holder. The holders of outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company
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<PAGE> 14
are not entitled to preemptive or other rights to subscribe for the Shares or
the Note. The Company has duly reserved 2,804,495 shares of Common Stock for
issuance upon conversion of the Note and the Other Notes, and such shares shall
remain so reserved, and the Company shall from time to time reserve such
additional shares of Common Stock as shall be required to be reserved pursuant
to the Note, as long as the Note may be converted. The Common Stock is listed
for trading on Nasdaq and (1) the Company and the Common Stock meet the criteria
for continued listing and trading on Nasdaq; (2) the Company has not been
notified since January 1, 1995 by the NASD of any failure or potential failure
to meet the criteria for continued listing and trading on Nasdaq and (3) no
suspension of trading in the Common Stock is in effect. The Company knows of no
reason why the Shares will not be eligible for listing on Nasdaq.
(f) Corporate Authorization. This Agreement, the Security
Agreement, the Transfer Agent Agreement, the Note and the Final Maturity Notes
have been duly and validly authorized by the Company; this Agreement has been
duly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming due execution and
delivery by the Buyer, this Agreement is, the Security Agreement will be, when
duly executed and delivered by the Company and the Collateral Agent, and the
Transfer Agent Agreement will be, when duly executed and delivered by the
Company and the Transfer Agent, and the Note and the Final Maturity Note will
be, when executed and delivered by the Company, valid and binding obligations of
the Company enforceable in accordance with their respective terms, except as the
enforceability thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization,
moratorium, fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws now or hereafter in
effect relating to or affecting creditors' rights generally and general
principles of equity, regardless of whether enforcement is considered in a
proceeding in equity or at law.
(g) Non-contravention. The execution and delivery of this
Agreement, the Security Agreement, the Transfer Agent Agreement, the Note and
the Final Maturity Note by the Company and the consummation by the Company of
the issuance of the Securities and the other transactions contemplated by this
Agreement, the Security Agreement, the Transfer Agent Agreement, the Note and
the Final Maturity Note do not and will not, with or without the giving of
notice or the lapse of time, or both, (i) result in any violation of any term of
the certificate of incorporation or by-laws of the Company, (ii) conflict with
or result in a breach by the Company of any of the terms or provisions of, or
constitute a default under, or result in the modification of, or result in the
creation or imposition of any lien, security interest, charge or encumbrance
upon any of the properties or assets of the Company pursuant to, any indenture,
mortgage, deed of trust or other agreement or instrument, except for the
MMC/GATX Loan Agreement, to which the Company is a party or by which the Company
or any of its properties or assets are bound or affected or (iii) violate or
contravene any applicable law, rule or regulation or any applicable decree,
judgment or order of any court, United States federal or state regulatory body,
administrative agency or other governmental body having jurisdiction over the
Company or any of its respective properties or assets or (iv) have any material
adverse effect on any permit, certification, registration, approval, consent,
license or franchise necessary for the Company to own or lease and operate any
of its properties and to conduct its business or to make use thereof.
(h) Approvals. No authorization, approval or consent of,
or filing with, any court, governmental body, regulatory agency, self-regulatory
organization, or stock exchange or market or the stockholders of the Company is
required to be obtained or made by the Company in connection with the execution,
delivery and performance of this Agreement, the Security Agreement, the Transfer
Agent Agreement, the Note and the Final Maturity Note and the issuance and sale
of the Securities as contemplated by this Agreement and the terms of the Note,
other than (1) listing of the Shares on Nasdaq, (2) registration of the resale
of the Shares under the 1933 Act as contemplated by Section 8, (3) as may be
required under applicable state securities or "blue sky" laws, (4) the filing of
appropriate financing statements under the Uniform Commercial Code relating to
the Collateral and (5) filing of one or more Forms D with
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<PAGE> 15
respect to the Securities as required under Regulation D.
(i) Information Provided. All written information provided
by or on behalf of the Company to the Buyer and referred to in Section 3(e) of
this Agreement does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit
to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in
the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading, it
being understood that for purposes of this Section 4(i), any statement contained
in such information shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of
this Section 4(i) to the extent that a statement in any document included in
such information which was prepared or filed with the SEC on a later date
modifies or replaces such statement, whether or not such later prepared or filed
statement so states.
(j) Conduct of Business. Except as set forth in the SEC
Reports and except for the MMC/GATX Loan Agreement, since December 31, 1996, the
Company has not (i) incurred any material obligation or liability (absolute or
contingent) other than in the ordinary course of business; (ii) canceled,
without payment in full, any material notes, loans or other obligations
receivable or other debts or claims held by it other than in the ordinary course
of business; (iii) sold, assigned, transferred, abandoned, mortgaged, pledged or
subjected to lien any of its material properties, tangible or intangible, or
rights under any material contract, permit, license, franchise or other
agreement; (iv) conducted its business in a manner materially different from its
business as conducted on such date; (v) declared, made or paid or set aside for
payment any cash or non-cash distribution on any shares of its capital stock; or
(vi) consummated, or entered into any agreement with respect to, any transaction
or event which would constitute a Repurchase Event. Except as disclosed in the
SEC Reports and except as referred to in Section 7(l) with respect to the
MMC/GATX Loan Agreement, the Company owns, possesses or has obtained all
governmental, administrative and third party licenses, permits, certificates,
registrations, approvals, consents and other authorizations necessary to own or
lease (as the case may be) and operate its properties, whether tangible or
intangible, and to conduct its business or operations as currently conducted,
except such licenses, permits, certificates, registrations, approvals, consents
and authorizations the failure of which to obtain would not have a material
adverse effect on the business, properties, operations, condition (financial or
other), results of operations or prospects of the Company.
(k) SEC Filings. The Company has timely filed all reports
required to be filed under the 1934 Act and any other material reports or
documents required to be filed with the SEC since January 1, 1994. All of such
reports and documents complied, when filed, in all material respects, with all
applicable requirements of the 1933 Act and the 1934 Act. The Company meets the
requirements for the use of Form S-3 for the registration of the resale of the
Shares by the Buyer and any Investor.
(l) Absence of Certain Proceedings. Except as described in
the SEC Reports, there is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation
before or by any court, public board or body pending or, to the knowledge of the
Company, threatened against or affecting the Company wherein an unfavorable
decision, ruling or finding could have a material adverse effect on the
business, properties, operations, condition (financial or other), results of
operations or prospects of the Company or the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement, the Security Agreement, the Note, the Final Maturity Note or any of
the documents contemplated thereby or which could adversely affect the validity
or enforceability of, or the authority or ability of the Company to perform its
obligations under, this Agreement, the Security Agreement, the Note, the Final
Maturity Note or any of such other documents; the Company does not have pending
before the SEC any request for confidential treatment of information and to the
best of the Company's knowledge no such request will be made by the Company
prior to the SEC Effective Date; and to the best of the Company's knowledge
there is not pending or contemplated, and there has been no, investigation by
the SEC involving the Company or any
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<PAGE> 16
director or officer of the Company.
(m) Liabilities. Except as and to the extent disclosed,
reflected or reserved against in the financial statements of the Company and the
notes thereto included in the 1996 10-K and except for the obligations under the
MMC/GATX Loan Agreement, the Company has no material (individually or in the
aggregate) liabilities, debts or obligations whether accrued, absolute,
contingent or otherwise, and whether due or to become due. Subsequent to
December 31, 1996, except for the obligations under the MMC/GATX Loan Agreement,
the Company has not incurred any liabilities, debts or obligations of any nature
whatsoever which are individually or in the aggregate material to the Company,
other than those incurred in the ordinary course of its business.
(n) Absence of Certain Changes. Since December 31, 1996,
there has been no material adverse change and no material adverse development in
the business, properties, operations, condition (financial or other), results of
operations or prospects of the Company, except as disclosed in the SEC Reports.
(o) Intellectual Property. Except as disclosed in the SEC
Reports, the Company owns, or possesses adequate rights to use, all patents,
patent rights, inventions, trade secrets, know-how, proprietary techniques,
including processes and substances, trademarks, service marks, trade names and
copyrights described or referred to in the SEC Reports or owned or used by it or
which are necessary for the conduct of its business as it is presently
conducted, or as proposed to be conducted, and the Company is not aware of any
claim to the contrary or any challenge by any person to the rights of the
Company with respect to the foregoing which claim or challenge is material to
the business, properties, operations, condition (financial or other), results of
operations or prospects of the Company.
(p) Internal Accounting Controls. The Company maintains a
system of internal accounting controls meeting the requirements of Section
13(b)(2) of the 1934 Act in all material respects.
(q) Compliance with Law. Except as disclosed in the SEC
Reports, the Company is not in violation of any statute, law, rule, regulation,
ordinance, decision or order of any governmental agency or body or any court,
domestic or foreign, including, without limitation, those relating to the use,
operation, handling, transportation, disposal or release of hazardous or toxic
substances or wastes or relating to the protection or restoration of the
environment or human exposure to hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, except
where such violation would not individually or in the aggregate have a material
adverse effect on the business, properties, operations, condition (financial or
other), results of operations or prospects of the Company; and the Company is
not aware of any pending investigation which would reasonably be expected to
lead to such a claim.
(r) Properties. The Company has good title to all property
real and personal (tangible and intangible) and other assets owned by it which
are individually or in the aggregate material to the Company, free and clear of
all security interests, charges, mortgages, liens or other encumbrances, except
such as are described in the SEC Reports, created pursuant to the MMC/GATX Loan
Agreement or such as do not materially interfere with the use of such property
made, or proposed to be made, by the Company. The leases, licenses or other
contracts or instruments under which the Company leases, holds or is entitled to
use any property, real or personal, which individually or in the aggregate are
material to the Company, are valid, subsisting and enforceable with only such
exceptions as do not materially interfere with the use of such property made, or
proposed to be made by the Company. The Company has not received notice of any
material violation of any applicable law, ordinance, regulation, order or
requirement relating to its owned or leased properties.
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<PAGE> 17
(s) Labor Relations. No material labor problem exists or, to
the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees
of the Company.
(t) Insurance. The Company maintains insurance against
loss or damage by fire or other casualty and such other insurance, including but
not limited to, product liability insurance, in such amounts and covering such
risks as is to the Company's knowledge usually maintained by companies of
comparable size engaged in the same or a similar business and in the same
geographic region as the Company, subject to customary deductibles.
(u) Absence of Brokers, Finders, Etc. No broker, finder,
or similar person is entitled to any commission, fee, or other compensation by
reason of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement other than Diaz &
Altschul Capital, LLC, and the Company shall pay, and indemnify and hold
harmless the Buyer from, any claim made against the Buyer by such entity or any
other person for any such commission, fee or other compensation.
(v) No Solicitation; Offering of Note. No form of general
solicitation or general advertising was used by the Company or, to the best of
its knowledge, any other person acting on behalf of the Company, in respect of
the Securities or in connection with the offer and sale of the Securities.
Neither the Company nor, to its knowledge, any person acting on behalf of the
Company has, either directly or indirectly, sold or offered for sale to any
person any of the Notes (other than Diaz & Altschul Capital, LLC with respect to
the Notes) or, within the six months prior to the date hereof, any other similar
security of the Company except as contemplated by this Agreement, and the
Company represents that neither the Company nor any person authorized to act on
its behalf will sell or offer for sale any such security to, or solicit any
offers to buy any such security from, or otherwise approach or negotiate in
respect thereof with, any person or persons so as thereby to cause the issuance
or sale of any of the Securities to be in violation of any of the provisions of
Section 5 of the 1933 Act. The Company did not offer the Note to the Buyer as
part of or in connection with the Company's offers and sales of shares of Common
Stock pursuant to the 1997 Registration Statements; and the Company did not
offer or sell any shares of Common Stock to the Buyer pursuant to the 1997
Registration Statements.
(w) Certain Issuances of Securities. The Company has not
issued any shares of Common Stock or shares of any series of preferred stock or
other securities convertible into, exchangeable for or otherwise entitling the
holder to acquire shares of Common Stock which are subject to Section
4460(i)(1)(D) of the rules of the NASD and which would be integrated with the
sale of the Note to the Buyer or the issuance of Conversion Shares upon
conversion thereof or the issuance of the Interest Shares in payment of interest
thereon for purposes of such Section 4460(i)(1)(D).
5. Certain Covenants.
(a) Transfer Restrictions. The Buyer acknowledges and
agrees that (1) the Note to be issued to it hereunder and the Final Maturity
Note which may be issued pursuant to the Note have not been and are not being
registered under the provisions of the 1933 Act or any state securities laws
and, except as provided in Section 8, the Shares have not been and are not being
registered under the 1933 Act or any state securities laws, and that the Note
and the Final Maturity Note may not be transferred unless the Buyer shall have
delivered to the Company an opinion of counsel, reasonably satisfactory in form,
scope and substance to the Company, to the effect that the Note or the Final
Maturity Note to be transferred may be transferred without such registration;
(2) no sale, assignment or other transfer of the Note or the Final Maturity Note
or any interest therein may be made except in accordance with the terms thereof;
(3) the Shares may not be resold by the Buyer unless the resale has been
registered under the 1933 Act or is made pursuant to an exemption from such
registration; (4) any sale of the Securities made in reliance
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<PAGE> 18
on Rule 144 may be made only in accordance with the terms of said Rule and
further, if the exemption provided by Rule 144 is not available, any resale of
the Securities under circumstances in which the seller, or the person through
whom the sale is made, may be deemed to be an underwriter, as that term is used
in the 1933 Act, may require compliance with some other exemption under the 1933
Act or the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder; and (5) the Company is
under no obligation to register the Securities (other than registration of the
resale of the Shares in accordance with Section 8) under the 1933 Act or, except
as provided in Section 8, to comply with the terms and conditions of any
exemption thereunder. The Buyer may not transfer the Shares in a transaction
which does not constitute a transfer thereof pursuant to the Registration
Statement in accordance with the plan of distribution set forth therein or in
any supplement to the Prospectus forming part of the Registration Statement
unless the Buyer shall have delivered to the Company an opinion of counsel,
reasonably satisfactory in form, scope and substance to the Company, that such
Shares may be transferred without registration under the 1933 Act.
(b) Restrictive Legend. The Buyer acknowledges and agrees
that the Note shall bear a restrictive legend in substantially the following
form (and a stop-transfer order may be placed against transfer of the Note):
This Note has not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended (the "Act"), or any state securities laws. The sale to the
holder of this Note of the shares of Common Stock issuable upon
conversion of this Note and in payment of interest on this Note are not
covered by a registration statement under the Act or registration under
state securities laws. This Note has been acquired, and such shares
must be acquired, for investment only and may not be sold, transferred
or assigned in the absence of registration of the resale thereof or an
opinion of counsel reasonably satisfactory in form, scope and substance
to the Company that such registration is not required.
The Company shall not place any restrictive legend on certificates for
Conversion Shares issued on conversion of the Note or Interest Shares issued in
payment of interest on the Note or impose any stop-transfer restriction thereon.
(c) Transfer Agent Instructions. Promptly following the
delivery by the Buyer of the Purchase Price in accordance with Section 2(b)
hereof, and in any event prior to the Closing Date, the Company will (1)
irrevocably instruct the Transfer Agent, pursuant to the Transfer Agent
Agreement substantially in the form attached hereto as Annex IV, to issue
certificates for the Shares from time to time upon conversion of the Note in
such amounts as specified from time to time to the Transfer Agent in the
Conversion Notice surrendered in connection with each such conversion and (2)
appoint the Transfer Agent the conversion agent for the Note. The Company agrees
to enter into the Transfer Agent Agreement substantially in the form attached
hereto as Annex IV on or prior to the Closing Date. The certificates for the
Shares shall be registered in the name of the Buyer or its nominee and in such
denominations to be specified by the Buyer in connection with each conversion of
the Note. The Company warrants that no instruction other than such instructions
referred to in this Section 5(c) will be given by the Company to the Transfer
Agent and that the Shares shall otherwise be freely transferable on the books
and records of the Company as and to the extent provided in this Agreement and
the Note. If the Buyer provides the Company with an opinion of counsel
reasonably satisfactory in form, scope and substance to the Company that
registration of a resale by the Buyer of any of the Shares in accordance with
the last sentence of Section 5(a) is not required under the 1933 Act, the
Company shall permit the transfer of such shares and promptly, but in no event
later than three days after receipt of such opinion, instruct the Transfer Agent
to issue upon transfer one or more share certificates in such names and in such
denominations as specified by the Buyer. Nothing in this Section 5(c) shall
limit the obligations of the Company under Section 8(b)(12).
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<PAGE> 19
(d) Nasdaq Listing; Reporting Status. On or before the
date which is 15 days prior to the Closing Date, the Company will file with
Nasdaq an application or other document required by Nasdaq for the listing of
the Shares with Nasdaq and shall provide evidence of such filing to the Buyer.
So long as the Buyer beneficially owns any portion of the Note or any Shares,
the Company will use its best efforts to maintain the listing of the Common
Stock on Nasdaq or another national securities exchange. During the Registration
Period, the Company shall timely file all reports required to be filed with the
SEC pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the 1934 Act and the Company shall not
terminate its status as an issuer required to file reports under the 1934 Act
even if the 1934 Act or the rules and regulations thereunder would permit such
termination. So long as the Buyer owns the Note or any Shares, the Company shall
furnish to the Buyer copies of all reports and other information filed by the
Company with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13, 14(a), 14(c) and 15(d) of the 1934
Act promptly, but in no event later than five days, after the same are filed
with the SEC.
(e) Form D. The Company agrees to file one or more Forms D
with respect to the Securities as required under Regulation D to claim the
exemption provided by Rule 506 of Regulation D and to provide a copy thereof to
the Buyer promptly after such filing.
(f) Security Agreement; Financing Statements. The Company
agrees to execute and deliver to the Collateral Agent the Security Agreement in
the form attached hereto as Annex III on or before the Closing Date; provided,
however, that the Security Agreement shall not be executed and delivered
pursuant to this Agreement if the Closing Date is 90 or more days after the
Execution Date and in such event all references to the Security Agreement in the
Transaction Documents shall be deemed deleted. The Company shall prepare, and on
or before the Closing Date, file with the appropriate officials, Uniform
Commercial Code financing statements on Form UCC-1 relating to the Collateral in
which the Company is granting a security interest to the Collateral Agent for
the benefit of the Buyer pursuant to the Security Agreement. The Company shall
provide evidence of such filings and customary search reports of the records of
the relevant Uniform Commercial Code filing offices on or prior to the Closing
Date.
(g) State Securities Laws. On or before the Closing Date, the
Company shall take such action as shall be necessary to qualify, or to obtain an
exemption for, the Note for sale to the Buyer pursuant to this Agreement and the
Shares for sale upon conversion of the Note under such of the securities laws of
jurisdictions in the United States as shall be applicable to the sale of the
Note to the Buyer pursuant to this Agreement and issuance of the Shares upon
conversion of the Note. Prior to the issuance of the Final Maturity Note, the
Company shall take such actions under applicable state securities laws as shall
be necessary to qualify, or to obtain an exemption for, the Final Maturity Note
under such laws. In connection with the foregoing obligations of the Company in
this Section 5(g), the Company shall not be required (1) to qualify to do
business in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to qualify
but for this Section 5(g), (2) to subject itself to general taxation in any such
jurisdiction, (3) to file a general consent to service of process in any such
jurisdiction, (4) to provide any undertakings that cause more than nominal
expense or burden to the Company or (5) to make any change in its charter or
by-laws which the Board of Directors of the Company determines to be contrary to
the best interests of the Company and its stockholders. The Company shall
furnish the Buyer with copies of all filings, applications, orders and grants or
confirmations of exemptions relating to such securities laws on or before the
Closing Date.
(h) Certain Future Financings and Related Actions. (1) The
Company shall not issue any equity securities or securities convertible into,
exchangeable for or otherwise entitling the holder to acquire, any equity
securities of the Company which would, for purposes of Section 4460(i)(1)(D) of
the rules of the NASD (or any successor or replacement provision thereof), be
integrated with the sale of the Note and the issuance of Shares upon conversion
of, or
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<PAGE> 20
in payment of interest on, the Note.
(2) The Company shall not offer, sell, contract to sell or
issue (or engage any person to assist the Company in taking any such action) any
equity securities or securities convertible into, exchangeable for or otherwise
entitling the holder to acquire, any Common Stock at a price below the market
price of the Common Stock during the period from the date of this Agreement to
the date on which the Registration Statement shall have been effective with the
SEC and available for use by the selling stockholders named therein for 90
consecutive days; provided, however, that nothing in this Section 5(h)(2) shall
prohibit the Company from issuing securities (x) pursuant to compensation plans
for employees, directors, officers, advisers or consultants of the Company and
in accordance with the terms of such plans as in effect as of the date of this
Agreement, (y) upon exercise of conversion, exchange, purchase or similar rights
issued, granted or given by the Company and outstanding as of the date of this
Agreement or (z) pursuant to a public offering made directly by the Company on a
basis similar to the offerings made pursuant to the 1997 Registration Statements
or underwritten on a firm commitment basis and, in each case, registered under
the 1933 Act.
(3) For a period of six months after the Closing Date, the
Company shall not without the prior written consent of the Majority Holders (a)
exercise any option to sell to Fletcher newly issued shares of Common Stock
pursuant to the Fletcher Subscription Agreement unless (i) the Registration
Statement shall have been effective with the SEC and available for use by the
selling stockholders named therein for 90 consecutive days and (ii) the
arithmetic average of the closing bid price of the Common Stock, as reported by
Nasdaq, for any period of twenty consecutive Trading Days beginning on or after
the period of 90 consecutive days referred to in the immediately preceding
clause (ii) shall have been at least $8.00 per share and the closing bid price
of the Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding such exercise, as
reported by Nasdaq, is at least $8.00 per share (subject to equitable adjustment
for stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations, reorganizations and
similar changes affecting the Common Stock from time to time after the date of
this Agreement on terms reasonably acceptable to the Majority Holders) or (b)
enter into any other agreement or arrangement similar to the Fletcher
Subscription Agreement, or exercise any similar right, to put shares of Common
Stock to any third party if such shares may be freely resold to the public
without registration, or are entitled to registration rights under, the 1933 Act
during such six-month period; provided, however, that this Section 5(h)(3) shall
not restrict sales of shares of Common Stock by the Company pursuant to the
Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 23, 1996, between the Company
and LIPHA, Lyonnaise Industrielle Pharmaceutique s.a.
(i) Limitation on Certain Actions. From the date of
execution and delivery of this Agreement by the parties hereto to the date of
issuance of the Note, the Company (1) shall comply with Article III of the Note
as if the Note were outstanding, (2) shall not take any action which, if the
Note were outstanding, (A) would constitute an Event of Default or, with the
giving of notice or the passage of time or both, would constitute an Event of
Default or (B) would constitute a Repurchase Event or, with the giving of notice
or the passage of time or both, would constitute a Repurchase Event.
(j) Use of Proceeds. The Company represents and agrees
that: (1) it does not own or have any present intention of acquiring any "margin
stock" as defined in Regulation G (12 CFR Part 207) of the Board of Governors of
the Federal Reserve System ("margin stock"); (2) the proceeds of sale of the
Note will be used for general working capital purposes and in the operation of
the Company's business; (3) none of such proceeds will be used, directly or
indirectly (A) to make any loan to or investment in any other person or (B) for
the purpose, whether immediate, incidental or ultimate, of purchasing or
carrying any margin stock or for the purpose of maintaining, reducing or
retiring any indebtedness which was originally incurred to purchase or carry any
stock that is currently a margin stock or for any other purpose which might
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<PAGE> 21
constitute the transactions contemplated by this Agreement a "purpose credit"
within the meaning of such Regulation G; and (4) neither the Company nor any
agent acting on its behalf has taken or will take any action which might cause
this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby to violate Regulation G,
Regulation T or any other regulation of the Board of Governors of the Federal
Reserve System or to violate the 1934 Act, in each case as in effect now or as
the same may hereafter be in effect.
(k) Delayed Registration Payments. In the event the
Registration Statement is declared effective by the SEC after the 75th day after
the Execution Date, on the first Business Day of each calendar week commencing
after the calendar week in which such 75th day occurs, the Company shall make
payment by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the Buyer Escrow
Agent to hold and release for the benefit of the Buyer in accordance with
the Buyer Escrow Instructions an amount equal to the amount of interest which
would be payable on the Note as if the Note had been issued on the 76th day
after the Execution Date and as if the Note provided for interest on the
principal amount thereof at the rate of 5.5% per annum. Such payments shall
accrue and be payable to and including the earlier of (i) the Closing Date or
(ii) the 120th day after the Execution Date.
(l) Best Efforts. Each of the parties shall use its best
efforts timely to satisfy each of the conditions to the other party's
obligations to sell and purchase the Note set forth in Section 6 or 7, as the
case may be, of this Agreement on or before the Closing Date.
(m) Debt Obligation. So long as any portion of the Note is
outstanding, the Company shall cause its books, records and financial statements
to reflect the Note as a debt of the Company in its unpaid principal amount and,
whenever appropriate, as a valid unsubordinated debt obligation of the Company
for money borrowed.
(n) Escrow Release. Contemporaneously with the submission
by the Company to the SEC of an acceleration request relating to the
Registration Statement the Company will furnish a copy thereof to the Buyer and
the Buyer Escrow Agent, together with the date and approximate time such
acceleration request was submitted to the SEC. On the SEC Effective Date the
Company shall notify the Buyer and the Buyer Escrow Agent that the Registration
Statement shall have been declared effective by the SEC. The Company shall give
a Company Notice on the SEC Effective Date. If the Company Notice shall have
been given and the conditions to the Buyer's obligations in Section 7 shall have
been satisfied or waived by the Buyer, then promptly after the later of (x) the
date the Company Notice has been given to the Buyer and (y) the date of
satisfaction or waiver by the Buyer of the conditions to the Buyer's obligations
in Section 7, the Buyer shall give a Buyer Release Notice to the Buyer Escrow
Agent. The Company and the Buyer agree that (unless the condition stated in
clause (2) of this sentence is waived by the Company, in which case only clause
(1) shall apply), on the later of (1) the date of receipt by the Buyer Escrow
Agent of such Buyer Release Notice and (2) the date of receipt by the escrow
agents acting on behalf of the buyers of the Other Notes in connection with the
several other Note Purchase Agreements, dated as of the date hereof, between the
Company and the several buyers named therein of the latest of such similar
notices from such buyers to release funds held by such escrow agents to the
Company, or as promptly as practicable thereafter, the portion of the Escrow
Funds to be released to the Company shall be so released in accordance with
Section 1 of the Buyer Escrow Instructions.
(o) Stockholder Approval. If (1) on each of any 10 Trading
Days during the Calculation Period the fraction (expressed as a percentage), the
numerator of which is the outstanding principal amount of the Note at the close
of business on such Trading Day and the denominator of which is the number of
shares of Common Stock included in the Maximum Share amount which have not been
issued upon conversion of the Note or in payment of interest thereon on or prior
to such Trading Day, is greater than 375% and (2) at any time during the
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<PAGE> 22
Calculation Period the Company's Net Cash and Cash Equivalent Balances is less
than $15,000,000, then the Company shall (i) submit the issuance of all shares
of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the Note and the Other Notes to its
stockholders for the Stockholder Approval at its 1998 annual meeting of
stockholders (which meeting shall be held on or before May 31, 1998), (ii)
recommend that the Company's stockholders approve such matter, (iii) solicit
proxies for such approval and (iv) otherwise use its best efforts to obtain the
Stockholder Approval for such matter.
6. CONDITIONS TO THE COMPANY'S OBLIGATION TO SELL.
The Buyer understands that the Company's obligation to sell
the Note to the Buyer pursuant to this Agreement is conditioned upon the
following (any or all of which may be waived by the Company in its sole
discretion):
(a) The release by the Buyer Escrow Agent to the Company on
the Closing Date in accordance with the Buyer Escrow Instructions of an amount
equal to the Purchase Price;
(b) On the Closing Date, no legal action, suit or proceeding
shall be pending or threatened which seeks to restrain or prohibit the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement;
(c) The representations and warranties of the Buyer contained
in this Agreement and in the Questionnaire shall have been true and correct on
the date of this Agreement and shall be true and correct on the Closing Date as
if given on and as of the Closing Date (except for representations given as of a
specific date which representations shall be true and correct as of such date),
and on or before the Closing Date the Buyer shall have performed all covenants
and agreements of the Buyer required to be performed by the Buyer on or before
the Closing Date;
(d) The Registration Statement shall have been declared
effective by the SEC and no stop order or similar proceeding relating to the
Registration Statement shall be pending or threatened (it being understood that
the inclusion of the closing condition set forth in this clause (d) shall not
limit the Company's obligations set forth in Section 8);
(e) No event which, if the Note was outstanding, (1) would
constitute an Event of Default or, with the giving of notice or the passage of
time or both, would constitute an Event of Default shall have occurred and be
continuing or (2) would constitute a Repurchase Event or, with the giving of
notice or the lapse of time, or both, would constitute a Repurchase Event shall
have occurred and be continuing; and
(f) the Company shall have received an opinion of the Law
Offices of Brian W Pusch, dated the Closing Date, addressed to the Company,
substantially in the form of Annex V attached hereto.
7. CONDITIONS TO THE BUYER'S OBLIGATION TO PURCHASE.
The Company understands that the Buyer's obligation to
purchase the Note is conditioned upon the following (any or all of which may be
waived by the Buyer in its sole discretion):
(a) Delivery by the Company to the Buyer of the Note in
accordance with this Agreement;
(b) If the Closing Date is less than 90 days after the
Execution Date, the
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<PAGE> 23
Collateral Agent shall have executed and delivered to the Company the Security
Agreement in the form attached hereto as Annex III and entered into such other
agreements with respect to the Collateral in form satisfactory to the Buyer;
(c) On the Closing Date, no legal action, suit or proceeding
shall be pending or threatened which seeks to restrain or prohibit the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement;
(d) The representations and warranties of the Company
contained in this Agreement shall have been true and correct on the date of this
Agreement and, except for the approvals referred to in clauses (1)-(4) of
Section 4(h) which shall have been obtained, shall be true and correct on the
Closing Date as if given on and as of the Closing Date (except for
representations given as of a specific date which representations shall be true
and correct as of such date), and on or before the Closing Date the Company
shall have performed all covenants and agreements of the Company contained
herein required to be performed by the Company on or before the Closing Date;
(e) The Registration Statement shall have been declared
effective by the SEC and no stop-order or similar proceeding relating to the
Registration Statement shall be pending or threatened;
(f) No event which, if the Note was outstanding, (1) would
constitute an Event of Default or, with the giving of notice or the passage of
time or both, would constitute an Event of Default shall have occurred and be
continuing or (2) would constitute a Repurchase Event or, with the giving of
notice or the lapse of time, or both, would constitute a Repurchase Event shall
have occurred and be continuing;
(g) The Company shall have delivered to the Buyer its
certificate, dated the Closing Date, duly executed by its President and Chief
Executive Officer to the effect set forth in subparagraphs (c), (d), (e) and (f)
of this Section 7;
(h) The receipt by the Buyer of a certificate, dated the
Closing Date, of the Secretary of the Company certifying (1) the Certificate of
Incorporation and By-Laws of the Company as in effect on the Closing Date, (2)
all resolutions of the Board of Directors (and committees thereof) of the
Company relating to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and
(3) such other matters as reasonably requested by the Buyer;
(i) On the Closing Date, the Buyer having received an opinion
of Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison LLP, counsel for the Company, dated the Closing
Date, addressed to the Buyer, in form, scope and substance reasonably
satisfactory to the Buyer, substantially in the form of Annex VI attached
hereto, and an opinion of Pennie & Edmonds LLP, special counsel for the Company,
dated the Closing Date, addressed to the Buyer, in form, scope and substance
reasonably satisfactory to the Buyer, substantially in the form of Annex VII
attached hereto;
(j) On the Closing Date, the Buyer having received an opinion
of the Law Offices of Brian W Pusch, dated the Closing Date, addressed to the
Buyer, substantially in the form of Annex V attached hereto;
(k) On the Closing Date, (i) trading in securities on the New
York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange or Nasdaq shall not have been
suspended or materially limited and (ii) a general moratorium on commercial
banking activities in the State of California or the State of New York shall not
have been declared by either federal or state authorities; and
(l) On or prior to the Closing Date, the Buyer shall have
received a copy of
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<PAGE> 24
the MMC/GATX Amendment substantially in the form of Annex VIII attached hereto
duly executed on behalf of the Company and the Senior Lender.
8. REGISTRATION RIGHTS.
(a) Mandatory Registration. (1) The Company shall prepare and,
on or prior to the date which is 20 days after the Execution Date, file with the
SEC a Registration Statement on Form S-3 which on the SEC Filing Date covers the
resale of a number of shares of Common Stock equal to at least the number of
Conversion Shares issuable to the Buyer under the Note, determined as if the
Note, together with accrued and unpaid interest, were converted in full on the
SEC Filing Date as if such SEC Filing Date were the Closing Date (determined
without regard to the limitation contained in the second sentence of Section 2.1
of the Note), and the resale of such additional number of shares of Common Stock
as the Company shall in its discretion determine to register in connection with
the issuance of the Interest Shares, as Registrable Securities, and which
Registration Statement shall state that, in accordance with Rule 416 under the
1933 Act, such Registration Statement also covers such indeterminate number of
additional shares of Common Stock as may become issuable upon conversion of the
Note to prevent dilution resulting from stock splits, stock dividends or similar
transactions. If, notwithstanding Rule 416 under the 1933 Act, the Registration
Statement is not deemed to cover such indeterminate number of shares of Common
Stock as shall be issuable upon conversion of the Note based on changes from
time to time in the conversion price thereof, and without limiting the rights of
the holder of the Note to have all or a portion of the Note redeemed pursuant to
Section 2.4(b) of the Note, at any time the number of shares of Common Stock
included in the Registration Statement required to be filed as provided in the
first sentence of this Section 8(a) shall be insufficient to cover the number of
shares of Common Stock issuable on conversion in full of the unconverted portion
of the Note (after taking into account any redemptions pursuant to Section
2.4(b) of the Note), then promptly, but in no event later than 20 days after
such insufficiency shall occur, the Company shall file with the SEC an
additional Registration Statement on Form S-3 (which shall not constitute a
post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement filed pursuant to the
first sentence of this Section 8(a)) covering such number of shares of Common
Stock as shall be sufficient to permit such conversion. For all purposes of this
Agreement such additional Registration Statement shall be deemed to be the
Registration Statement required to be filed by the Company pursuant to this
Section 8(a), and the Company and the Investors shall have the same rights and
obligations with respect to such additional Registration Statement as they shall
have with respect to the initial Registration Statement required to be filed by
the Company pursuant to this Section 8(a).
(2) Prior to the SEC Effective Date and during any time
subsequent to the SEC Effective Date when the Registration Statement for any
reason is not available for use by any Investor for the resale of any Shares,
the Company shall not file any other registration statement or any amendment
thereto with the SEC under the 1933 Act or request the acceleration of the
effectiveness of any other registration statement previously filed with the SEC
other than (A) any registration statement on Form S-8 and (B) any registration
statement or amendment which the Company is required to file or as to which the
Company is required to request acceleration pursuant to any obligation in effect
on the Execution Date. The Company's obligation to register the Registrable
Securities under this Section 8 shall constitute a registration pursuant to a
demand registration right held by the Investors.
(b) Obligations of the Company. In connection with the
registration of the Registrable Securities, the Company shall:
(1) prepare promptly, and file with the SEC not later than 20
days after the Execution Date, a Registration Statement with respect to the
number of Registrable Securities provided in Section 8(a), and thereafter use
its best efforts to cause such Registration Statement
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<PAGE> 25
relating to Registrable Securities to become effective as promptly as possible
after the Execution Date, and keep the Registration Statement effective pursuant
to Rule 415 at all times during the Registration Period. The Company shall
submit to the SEC, within three Business Days after the Company learns that no
review of the Registration Statement will be made by the staff of the SEC or
that the staff of the SEC has no further comments on the Registration Statement,
as the case may be, a request for acceleration of effectiveness of the
Registration Statement to a time and date not later than 48 hours after the
submission of such request. The Company represents and warrants to the Investors
that (a) the Registration Statement (including any amendments or supplements
thereto and prospectuses contained therein), at the time it is first filed with
the SEC, at the time it is ordered effective by the SEC and at all times during
which it is required to be effective hereunder (and each such amendment and
supplement at the time it is filed with the SEC and at all times during which it
is available for use in connection with the offer and sale of the Registrable
Securities) shall not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to
state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading and (b) the Prospectus shall not contain any
untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to
be stated therein, or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the
circumstances in which they were made, not misleading;
(2) prepare and file with the SEC such amendments (including
post-effective amendments) and supplements to the Registration Statement and the
Prospectus as may be necessary to keep the Registration Statement effective, and
the Prospectus current, at all times during the Registration Period, and, during
the Registration Period, comply with the provisions of the 1933 Act applicable
to the Company in order to permit the disposition by the Investors of all
Registrable Securities covered by the Registration Statement;
(3) furnish to each Investor whose Registrable Securities are
included in the Registration Statement and its legal counsel, (1) promptly after
the same is prepared and publicly distributed, filed with the SEC or received by
the Company, one copy of the Registration Statement and any amendment thereto,
each Prospectus and each amendment or supplement thereto, (2) each letter
written by or on behalf of the Company to the SEC or the staff of the SEC and
each item of correspondence from the SEC or the staff of the SEC relating to
such Registration Statement (other than any portion of any thereof which
contains information for which the Company has sought confidential treatment),
each of which the Company hereby determines to be confidential information and
which the Buyer hereby agrees to keep confidential as a confidential Record in
accordance with Section 8(b)(9) and (3) such number of copies of a Prospectus
and all amendments and supplements thereto and such other documents, as such
Investor may reasonably request in order to facilitate the disposition of the
Registrable Securities owned by such Investor;
(4) use its best efforts to (i) register and qualify the
Registrable Securities covered by the Registration Statement under the
securities or blue sky laws of such jurisdictions as the Investors who hold a
majority in interest of the Registrable Securities reasonably request, (ii)
prepare and file in those jurisdictions such amendments (including
post-effective amendments) and supplements to such registrations and
qualifications as may be necessary to maintain the effectiveness thereof at all
times during the Registration Period and (iii) take all other actions reasonably
necessary or advisable to qualify the Registrable Securities for sale by the
Investors in such jurisdictions; provided, however, that the Company shall not
be required in connection therewith or as a condition thereto (I) to qualify to
do business in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to
qualify but for this Section 8(b)(4), (II) to subject itself to general taxation
in any such jurisdiction, (III) to file a general consent to service of process
in any such jurisdiction, (IV) to provide any undertakings that cause more than
nominal expense or burden to the Company or (V) to make any change in its
charter or by-laws which the Board of Directors of the Company determines to be
contrary to the best interests of the Company and its stockholders;
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(5) (A) as promptly as practicable after becoming aware of
such event or circumstance, notify each Investor of any event or circumstance of
which the Company has knowledge, as a result of which the Prospectus included in
the Registration Statement, as then in effect, includes an untrue statement of a
material fact or omits to state a material fact required to be stated therein or
necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under
which they were made, not misleading, and use its best efforts promptly to
prepare a supplement or amendment to the Registration Statement and Prospectus
to correct such untrue statement or omission or to add any new or additional
information, and deliver a number of copies of such supplement or amendment to
each Investor as such Investor may reasonably request;
(B) notwithstanding Section 8(b)(5)(A) above, if at any time
the Company notifies the Investors as contemplated by Section 8(b)(5)(A) that
the event giving rise to such notice relates to a development involving the
Company which occurred subsequent to the later of (x) the SEC Effective Date and
(y) the latest date prior to such notice on which the Company has amended or
supplemented the Registration Statement, then the Company shall not be required
to use best efforts to make such amendment during a Blackout Period; provided,
however, that in any period of 360 consecutive days the Company shall not be
entitled to avail itself of its rights under this Section 8(b)(5)(B) with
respect to more than (i) two Blackout Periods, if the Company does not make an
election pursuant to the next succeeding clause (ii) of this proviso or (ii) if
the Company so elects by notice to the Holder given not later than 18 days after
the commencement of a Blackout Period, one Blackout Period of up to 30
consecutive days and; provided further, however, that no Blackout Period may
commence sooner than 45 days after the end of another Blackout Period.
(6) as promptly as practicable after becoming aware of such
event, notify each Investor who holds Registrable Securities being sold of the
issuance by the SEC of any stop order or other suspension of effectiveness of
the Registration Statement at the earliest possible time;
(7) permit the Investors who hold Registrable Securities being
sold and a single firm of counsel designated as selling stockholders' counsel by
the Investors who hold a majority in interest of the Registrable Securities
being sold to review at such Investors' sole expense the Registration Statement
and all amendments and supplements thereto a reasonable period of time prior to
their filing with the SEC;
(8) make generally available to its security holders as soon
as practical, but not later than 90 days after the close of the period covered
thereby, an earning statement (in form complying with the provisions of Rule 158
under the 1933 Act) covering a 12-month period beginning not later than the
first day of the Company's fiscal quarter next following the effective date of
the Registration Statement;
(9) make available for inspection by any Investor and any
Inspectors retained by any such Investor at such Investor's sole expense, all
Records as shall be reasonably necessary to enable each Investor to exercise its
due diligence responsibility and cause the Company's officers, directors and
employees to supply all information which any Inspector may reasonably request
for purposes of such due diligence; provided, however, that each Inspector shall
hold in confidence and shall not make any disclosure (except to an Investor) of
any Record or other information which the Company determines in good faith to be
confidential, and of which determination the Inspectors are so notified, unless
(i) the release of such Records is ordered pursuant to a subpoena or other order
from a court or government body of competent jurisdiction or (ii) the
information in such Records has been made generally available to the public
other than by disclosure in violation of this or any other agreement; provided
further, however, that each Investor understands that in the course of
exercising the rights provided in
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this Section 8(b)(9) such Investor may come into possession of material
non-public information about the Company and that by reason of the requirements
of the 1934 Act any such Investor who possesses such material non-public
information may be restricted in making purchases and sales of the Common Stock
unless such information has been publicly disclosed. The Company shall not be
required to disclose any confidential information in such Records to any
Inspector until and unless such Inspector shall have entered into
confidentiality agreements (in form and substance satisfactory to the Company)
with the Company with respect thereto, substantially in the form of this Section
8(b)(9). Each Investor agrees that it shall, upon learning that disclosure of
such Records is sought in or by a court or governmental body of competent
jurisdiction or through other means, give prompt notice to the Company and allow
the Company, at the Company's expense, to undertake appropriate action to
prevent disclosure of, or to obtain a protective order for, the Records deemed
confidential. The Company shall hold in confidence and shall not make any
disclosure of information concerning an Investor provided to the Company
pursuant to this Agreement unless the disclosure of such information is
necessary to comply with federal or state securities laws, (ii) the disclosure
of such information is necessary to avoid or correct a misstatement or omission
in any Registration Statement, (iii) the release of such information is ordered
pursuant to a subpoena or other order from a court or governmental body of
competent jurisdiction or (iv) such information has been made generally
available to the public other than by disclosure in violation of this or any
other agreement. The Company agrees that it shall, upon learning that disclosure
of such information concerning an Investor is sought in or by a court or
governmental body of competent jurisdiction or through other means, give prompt
notice to such Investor and allow such Investor, at such Investor's expense, to
undertake appropriate action to prevent disclosure of, or to obtain a protective
order for, such information;
(10) use its best efforts to cause all the Registrable
Securities covered by the Registration Statement as of the SEC Effective Date to
be listed on Nasdaq or such other principal securities market on which
securities of the same class or series issued by the Company are then listed or
traded;
(11) provide a transfer agent and registrar, which may be a
single entity, for the Registrable Securities not later than the SEC Effective
Date;
(12) cooperate with the Investors who hold Registrable
Securities being offered to facilitate the timely preparation and delivery of
certificates (not bearing any restrictive legends) representing Registrable
Securities to be offered pursuant to the Registration Statement and enable such
certificates to be in such denominations or amounts as the Investors may
reasonably request and registered in such names as the Investors may request;
(13) during the Registration Period, the Company shall not bid
for or purchase any Common Stock or any right to purchase Common Stock or
attempt to induce any person to purchase any such security or right if such bid,
purchase or attempt would in any way limit the right of the Investors to sell
Registrable Securities by reason of the limitations set forth in Regulation M
under the 1934 Act; and
(14) take all other reasonable actions necessary to expedite
and facilitate disposition by the Investor of the Registrable Securities
pursuant to the Registration Statement.
(c) Obligations of the Buyer and other Investors. In
connection with the registration of the Registrable Securities, the Investors
shall have the following obligations:
(1) It shall be a condition precedent to the obligations of
the Company to complete the registration pursuant to this Agreement with respect
to the Registrable Securities of a particular Investor that such Investor shall
furnish to the Company such information regarding itself, the Registrable
Securities held by it and the intended method of disposition of the
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<PAGE> 28
Registrable Securities held by it as shall be reasonably required to effect the
registration of such Registrable Securities and shall execute such documents in
connection with such registration as the Company may reasonably request. At
least four (4) Business Days prior to the first anticipated filing date of the
Registration Statement, the Company shall notify each Investor of the Requested
Information if any of such Investor's Registrable Securities are eligible for
inclusion in the Registration Statement. If at least one (1) Business Day prior
to the filing date the Company has not received the Requested Information from
an Investor, then the Company may file the Registration Statement without
including Registrable Securities of such Non-Responsive Investor;
(2) Each Investor by such Investor's acceptance of the
Registrable Securities agrees to cooperate with the Company as reasonably
requested by the Company in connection with the preparation and filing of the
Registration Statement hereunder, unless such Investor has notified the Company
in writing of such Investor's election to exclude all of such Investor's
Registrable Securities from the Registration Statement;
(3) Each Investor agrees that it will not effect any
disposition of the Registrable Securities except as contemplated in the
Registration Statement or as otherwise in compliance with applicable securities
laws and that it will promptly notify the Company of any material changes in the
information set forth in the Registration Statement regarding such Investor or
its plan of distribution; each Investor agrees (a) to notify the Company in
writing in the event that such Investor enters into any material agreement with
a broker or a dealer for the sale of the Registrable Securities through a block
trade, special offering, exchange distribution or a purchase by a broker or
dealer and (b) in connection with such agreement, to provide to the Company in
writing the information necessary to prepare any supplemental prospectus
pursuant to Rule 424(c) under the 1933 Act which is required with respect to
such transaction;
(4) Each Investor acknowledges that during the times specified
in Section 8(b)(5) or 8(b)(6) the Company must suspend the use of the Prospectus
until such time as an amendment to the Registration Statement has been filed by
the Company and declared effective by the SEC, the Company has prepared a
supplement to the Prospectus or the Company has filed an appropriate report with
the SEC pursuant to the 1934 Act. Each Investor hereby covenants that it will
not sell any Registrable Securities pursuant to the Prospectus during the period
commencing at the time at which the Company gives such Investor notice in
accordance with Section 8(b)(5) or 8(b)(6) of the suspension of the use of the
Prospectus and ending at the time the Company gives such Investor notice that
such Investor may thereafter effect sales pursuant to the Prospectus, or until
the Company delivers to such Investor an amended or supplemented Prospectus;
(5) In connection with any sale of Registrable Securities
which is made pursuant to the Registration Statement through a broker, each
Investor shall instruct its broker or brokers to deliver the Prospectus to the
purchaser or purchasers in connection with such sale, shall supply copies of
such Prospectus to such broker or brokers and shall otherwise use its reasonable
best efforts to comply with the prospectus delivery requirements of the 1933
Act;
(6) Each Investor agrees to notify the Company promptly after
the event of the completion of the sale by such Investor of all Registrable
Securities to be sold by such Investor pursuant to the Registration Statement;
and
(7) Each Investor agrees not to use Registrable Securities for
the purpose of covering any Short Sale by such Investor of Common Stock unless
at the time of such Short Sale such Investor shall have complied with the
requirements of Section 8(c)(5) with respect to such Short Sale to the extent
compliance with such requirements is necessary under the 1933 Act.
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<PAGE> 29
(d) Expenses of Registration. All reasonable expenses
incurred in connection with registrations, filings or qualifications pursuant to
this Agreement shall be paid by the Company, including, without limitation, all
registration, listing and qualifications fees, printers and accounting fees and
the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company and the Investors, but
excluding (1) fees and expenses of investment bankers retained by any Investor,
(2) brokerage commissions incurred by any Investor and (3) fees and
disbursements of counsel for the Investors.
(e) Indemnification.
(1) To the extent permitted by law, the Company will indemnify
and hold harmless each Indemnified Person against any Claims to which any of
them may become subject under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act or otherwise, insofar
as such Claims (or actions or proceedings, whether commenced or threatened, in
respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any of the following statements,
omissions or violations in the Registration Statement, or any post-effective
amendment thereof, or any prospectus included therein: (i) any untrue statement
or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration
Statement or any post-effective amendment thereof or the omission or alleged
omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or
necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, (ii) any untrue
statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any
Prospectus (as amended or supplemented, if the Company files any amendment
thereof or supplement thereto with the SEC) or the omission or alleged omission
to state therein any material fact necessary to make the statements made
therein, in light of the circumstances under which the statements therein were
made, not misleading or (iii) any violation or alleged violation by the Company
of the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, any state securities law or any rule or
regulation under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act or any state securities law (the
matters in the foregoing clauses (i) through (iii) being, collectively,
"Violations"). Subject to the restrictions set forth in Section 8(e)(3) with
respect to the number of legal counsel, the Company shall reimburse the
Investors and each such controlling person, promptly as such expenses are
incurred and are due and payable, for any reasonable legal fees or other
expenses incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending any such
Claim. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the
indemnification agreement contained in this Section 8(e)(1) shall not apply to:
(I) a Claim arising out of or based upon a Violation which occurs in reliance
upon and in conformity with information relating to an Indemnified Person
furnished in writing to the Company by any Indemnified Person or underwriter for
such Indemnified Person expressly for use in connection with the preparation of
the Registration Statement or any such amendment thereof or supplement thereto,
if such Prospectus was timely made available by the Company pursuant to Section
8(b)(3) hereof; (II) an Indemnified Person with respect to a Claim which arises
solely from the failure of such Indemnified Person to comply in any material
respect with Section 8(c)(4); and (III) amounts paid in settlement of any Claim
if such settlement is effected without the prior written consent of the Company.
Such indemnity shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any
investigation made by or on behalf of the Indemnified Person and shall survive
the transfer of the Registrable Securities by the Investors.
(2) In connection with the Registration Statement, each
Investor agrees to indemnify and hold harmless, to the same extent and in the
same manner set forth in Section 8(e)(1), each Indemnified Party against any
Claim to which any of them may become subject, under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act
or otherwise, insofar as such Claim arises out of or is based upon any
Violation, in each case to the extent (and only to the extent) that such
Violation occurs (A) in reliance upon and in conformity with written information
furnished to the Company by such Investor expressly for use in connection with
such Registration Statement or (B) the failure of such Indemnified Person to
comply in any material respect with Section 8(c)(4); and such Investor will
reimburse any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection
with investigating or defending any such Claim; provided, however, that the
indemnity
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agreement contained in this Section 8(e)(2) shall not apply to amounts paid in
settlement of any Claim if such settlement is effected without the prior written
consent of such Investor, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld;
provided, further, however, that the Investor shall be liable under this Section
8(e)(2) for only the greater of (i) that amount of a Claim as does not exceed
the amount by which the proceeds to such Investor as a result of the sale of
Registrable Securities pursuant to such Registration Statement exceeds the
amount paid by such Investor for such Registrable Securities and (ii) [INSERT
PRO RATA PORTION OF $1,000,000]. Such indemnity shall remain in full force and
effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of such Indemnified
Party and shall survive the transfer of the Registrable Securities by the
Investors. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the
indemnification agreement contained in this Section 8(e)(2) with respect to any
preliminary prospectus shall not inure to the benefit of any Indemnified Party
if the untrue statement or omission of material fact contained in the
preliminary prospectus was corrected on a timely basis in the Prospectus, as
then amended or supplemented.
(3) Promptly after receipt by an Indemnified Person or
Indemnified Party under this Section 8(e) of notice of the commencement of any
action (including any governmental action), such Indemnified Person or
Indemnified Party shall, if a Claim in respect thereof is to be made against any
indemnifying party under this Section 8(e), deliver to the indemnifying party a
written notice of the commencement thereof and the indemnifying party shall have
the right to participate in, and, to the extent the indemnifying party so
desires, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly noticed, to assume
control of the defense thereof with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the
Indemnified Person or the Indemnified Party, as the case may be; provided,
however, that an Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party shall have the right to
retain its own counsel with the fees and expenses to be paid by the indemnifying
party, if, in the reasonable opinion of counsel retained by the indemnifying
party, the representation by such counsel of the Indemnified Person or
Indemnified Party and the indemnifying party would be inappropriate due to
actual or potential differing interests between such Indemnified Person or
Indemnified Party and any other party represented by such counsel in such
proceeding. The failure to deliver written notice to the indemnifying party
within a reasonable time of the commencement of any such action shall not
relieve such indemnifying party of any liability to the Indemnified Person or
Indemnified Party under this Section 8(e), except to the extent that the
indemnifying party is prejudiced in its ability to defend such action. The
indemnification required by this Section 8(e) shall be made by periodic payments
of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or defense, as such
expense, loss, damage or liability is incurred and is due and payable.
(f) Contribution. To the extent any indemnification by an
indemnifying party as set forth in Section 8(e) above is applicable by its terms
but is prohibited or limited by law, the indemnifying party agrees to make the
maximum contribution with respect to any amounts for which it would otherwise be
liable under Section 8(e) to the fullest extent permitted by law. In determining
the amount of contribution to which the respective parties are entitled, there
shall be considered the relative fault of each party, the parties' relative
knowledge of and access to information concerning the matter with respect to
which the claim was asserted, the opportunity to correct and prevent any
statement or omission and any other equitable considerations appropriate under
the circumstances; provided, however, that (a) no contribution shall be made
under circumstances where the maker would not have been liable for
indemnification under the fault standards set forth in Section 8(e), (b) no
person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section
11(f) of the 1933 Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any other person
who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation and (c) contribution by
any seller of Registrable Securities shall be limited to the greater of (i) the
amount by which the proceeds received by such seller from the sale of such
Registrable Securities exceeds the amount paid by such Investor for such
Registrable Securities and (ii) [INSERT PRO RATA PORTION OF $1,000,000].
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<PAGE> 31
(g) Reports under 1934 Act. With a view to making
available to the Investors the benefits of Rule 144, the Company agrees:
(a) to promptly furnish to each Investor so long as such
Investor owns Registrable Securities, such information as may be necessary to
permit the Investors to sell Registrable Securities pursuant to Rule 144 without
registration; and
(b) if at any time the Company is not required to file such
reports with the SEC under Sections 13 or 15(d) of the 1934 Act, to use its best
efforts to, upon the request of an Investor, make publicly available other
information so long as is necessary to permit publication by brokers and dealers
of quotations for the Common Stock and sales of the Registrable Securities in
accordance with Rule 15c2-11 under the 1934 Act.
9. REPRESENTATIONS AND AGREEMENTS TO SURVIVE DELIVERY.
All representations, warranties and agreements of the Company
and of the Buyer contained herein will survive the execution and delivery hereof
and the Closing hereunder and delivery of and payment for the Note, and shall
remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of any investigation
made by or on behalf of the Buyer or any person who controls the Buyer within
the meaning of the 1933 Act, or by or on behalf of the Company or any person who
controls the Company within the meaning of the 1933 Act.
10. MISCELLANEOUS.
(a) Governing Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY
AND INTERPRETED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.
(b) Headings. The headings, captions and footers of this
Agreement are for convenience of reference and shall not form part of, or affect
the interpretation of, this Agreement.
(c) Severability. If any provision of this Agreement shall
be invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity or
unenforceability shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the
remainder of this Agreement or the validity or enforceability of this Agreement
in any other jurisdiction.
(d) Notices. Any notices required or permitted to be given
under the terms of this Agreement shall be sent by mail, personal delivery, by
telephone line facsimile transmission or courier and shall be effective five
days after being placed in the mail, if mailed, or upon receipt, if delivered
personally, by telephone line facsimile transmission or by courier, in each case
addressed to a party at such party's address (or telephone line facsimile
transmission number) shown in the introductory paragraph or on the signature
page of this Agreement or such other address (or telephone line facsimile
transmission number) as a party shall have provided by notice to the other party
in accordance with this provision. In the case of any notice to the Company,
such notice should be addressed to the Company at its address shown in the
introductory paragraph of this Agreement, Attention: President and Chief
Executive Officer (telephone line facsimile number (415) 873-8367), and a copy
shall also be given to: Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison LLP, Two Embarcadero Place,
2200 Geng Road, Palo Alto, California 94303-0913, Attention: J. Stephan
Dolezalek, Esq. (telephone line facsimile transmission number (415) 496-2885),
and in the case of any notice to the Buyer, a copy shall be given to: Law
Offices of Brian W. Pusch, Penthouse Suite, 29 West 57th Street, New York, New
York 10019 (telephone line facsimile transmission number (212) 980-7055), in
each case with a copy
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<PAGE> 32
to: Diaz & Altschul Capital, LLC, 745 Fifth Avenue, Suite 3001, New York, New
York 10022 (telephone line facsimile transmission number (212) 751-5757).
(e) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in
counterparts and by the parties hereto on separate counterparts, each of which
shall be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one
and the same agreement. A telephone line facsimile transmission of this
Agreement bearing a signature on behalf of a party hereto shall be legal and
binding on such party.
(f) Entire Agreement; Benefit. This Agreement, including the
Annexes and Schedule hereto and the Side Letter, constitute the entire agreement
among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof. There are no
restrictions, promises, warranties, or undertakings, other than those set forth
or referred to herein or therein. This Agreement, including the Annexes and
Schedule hereto, and the Side Letter supersede all prior agreements and
understandings among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter
hereof. This Agreement, the Side Letter and the terms and provisions hereof and
thereof are for the sole benefit of only the Company, the Buyer and their
respective successors and permitted assigns.
(g) Waiver. Failure of any party to exercise any right or
remedy under this Agreement or otherwise, or delay by a party in exercising such
right or remedy, shall not operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or
partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or
discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right or power, preclude any other or
further exercise thereof or exercise of any other right or power.
(h) Amendment. No amendment, modification, waiver,
discharge or termination of any provision of this Agreement nor consent to any
departure by the Buyer or the Company therefrom shall in any event be effective
unless the same shall be in writing and signed by the party to be charged with
enforcement, and then shall be effective only in the specific instance and for
the purpose for which given. No course of dealing between the parties hereto
shall operate as an amendment of this Agreement.
(i) Further Assurances. Each party to this Agreement will
perform any and all acts and execute any and all documents as may be necessary
and proper under the circumstances in order to accomplish the intents and
purposes of this Agreement and to carry out its provisions.
(j) Assignment of Registration Rights. The rights and
obligations of an Investor pursuant to Sections 5(a), 5(b) and 8 of this
Agreement shall be automatically assigned by such Investor to any transferee of
all or any portion of the Registrable Securities (or all or any portion of the
Note) only if: (a) such Investor agrees in writing with the transferee or
assignee to assign such rights, and a copy of such agreement is furnished to the
Company within a reasonable time after such assignment, (b) the Company is,
within a reasonable time after such transfer or assignment, furnished with
written notice of (i) the name and address of such transferee or assignee and
(ii) the securities with respect to which such registration rights are being
transferred or assigned, (c) immediately following such transfer or assignment
the further disposition of the Registrable Securities by the transferee or
assignee is restricted under the 1933 Act and applicable state securities laws,
(d) at or before the time the Company received the written notice contemplated
by clause (b) of this sentence the transferee or assignee agrees in writing with
the Company to be bound by all of the provisions contained in Sections 5(a),
5(b) and 8 and (e) such transferee holds at least 50,000 shares of Common Stock
or a portion of the Note which at the time of transfer is convertible into at
least 50,000 shares of Common Stock or such lesser amount of shares into which
the Note is then convertible. In connection with any such transfer the Company
shall, at its sole cost and expense, promptly after such assignment take such
actions as shall be reasonably acceptable to the Initial Investor and such
transferee to
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assure that the Registration Statement and related Prospectus are available for
use by such transferee for sales of the Registrable Securities in respect of
which the rights to registration have been so assigned.
(k) Expenses. The Company shall pay on demand all out of
pocket expenses incurred by the Buyer, including reasonable attorneys' fees and
expenses, as a consequence of, or in connection with, (1) any default or breach
of any of the Company's obligations set forth in the Transaction Documents and
(2) the enforcement or restructuring of any right of, including the collection
of any payments due, the Buyer under the Transaction Documents, including any
action or proceeding relating to such enforcement or any order, injunction or
other process seeking to restrain the Company from paying any amount due the
Buyer. Except as provided in Section 8(d) and in this Section 10(k), each of the
Company and the Buyer shall bear its own expenses in connection with this
Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby.
(l) Termination. The Buyer shall have the right to
terminate this Agreement by giving notice to the Company at any time at or prior
to the Closing Date if:
(1) the Company shall have failed, refused, or been unable at
or prior to the date of such termination of this Agreement to perform
any of its obligations hereunder;
(2) any other condition of the Buyer's obligations hereunder
is not fulfilled;
(3) the Registration Statement shall not have been declared
effective by the SEC on or before the date which is 120 days after the
Execution Date; or
(4) the closing shall not have occurred on a Closing Date
within five days after the SEC Effective Date, other than solely by
reason of a breach of this Agreement by the Buyer.
Any such termination shall be effective upon the giving of notice thereof by the
Buyer. Upon such termination, the Buyer shall have no further obligation to the
Company hereunder and the Company shall remain liable for any breach of this
Agreement or the other documents contemplated hereby which occurred on or prior
to the date of such termination.
(m) Press Release, Public Announcements, Etc. The Company and
the Buyer shall have the right to approve before issuance any press releases or
any other public statements with respect to the transactions contemplated
hereby; provided, however, that the Company shall be entitled, without the prior
approval of the Buyer, to make any press release or other public disclosure with
respect to such transactions as is required by applicable law and regulations
(although the Buyer shall be consulted by the Company in connection with any
such press release or other public disclosure prior to its release and shall be
provided with a copy thereof).
(n) Construction. The language used in this Agreement will
be deemed to be the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual
intent, and no rules of strict construction will be applied against any party.
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<PAGE> 34
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to
be duly executed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized as of
the dates set forth below.
Principal Amount:
Purchase Price:
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By: [SIG]
-----------------------------------------
Name:
Title:
Date:
-----------------------------------------
[Investor]
By [SIG]
-----------------------------------------
Name:
Title:
Date:
-----------------------------------------
Address:
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<PAGE> 35
SCHEDULE 4(c)
TO
NOTE PURCHASE
AGREEMENT
CERTAIN OPTIONS AND WARRANTS; ANTIDILUTION ADJUSTMENTS
As of June 20, 1997, there were outstanding options to
purchase 2,542,162 shares of Common Stock.
In addition to those warrants set forth in the SEC Reports, in
May 1997 the Company issued warrants to purchase 200,000 shares of Common Stock
in connection with the MMC/GATX Loan Agreement.
No antidilution adjustment for any class of outstanding
securities will arise from the issuance of the Note and the Other Notes.
4(c)-1
<PAGE> 36
ANNEX I
TO
NOTE PURCHASE
AGREEMENT
THIS NOTE HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED
(THE "ACT"), OR ANY STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THE SALE TO THE HOLDER OF THIS NOTE
OF THE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION OF THIS NOTE AND IN
PAYMENT OF INTEREST ON THIS NOTE ARE NOT COVERED BY A REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER THE ACT OR REGISTRATION UNDER STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS NOTE HAS BEEN
ACQUIRED, AND SUCH SHARES MUST BE ACQUIRED, FOR INVESTMENT ONLY AND MAY NOT BE
SOLD, TRANSFERRED OR ASSIGNED IN THE ABSENCE OF REGISTRATION OF THE RESALE
THEREOF OR AN OPINION OF COUNSEL REASONABLY SATISFACTORY IN FORM, SCOPE AND
SUBSTANCE TO THE COMPANY THAT SUCH REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
SENIOR SUBORDINATED CONVERTIBLE NOTE
No. 1
New York, New York $3,250,000.00
_____________, 1997
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a
Delaware corporation (hereinafter called the "Company"), hereby promises to pay
to [INSERT NAME AND ADDRESS OF BUYER], or registered assigns (the "Holder") or
order, the sum of ____________ Dollars ($____________), on [BEFORE SIGNING THE
NOTE, INSERT DATE WHICH IS THREE YEARS AFTER THE CLOSING DATE], 2000 (the
"Maturity Date"), and to pay interest on the unpaid principal balance hereof at
the Applicable Rate from the date hereof, until the same becomes due and
payable, whether at maturity or upon acceleration or by redemption or repurchase
in accordance with the terms hereof or otherwise. Any amount of principal of or
interest on this Note which is not paid when due shall bear interest at the
Default Rate from the due date thereof until the same is paid ("Default
Interest"). Interest shall be payable in arrears on the 1st day of each
February, May, August and November on the principal amount outstanding on such
date, commencing on the first of such dates which is at least 90 days after the
Issuance Date, and at maturity (the "Interest Payment Dates"). Interest on this
Note shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of 12 30-day months.
Except as otherwise specifically provided in Article VI, all
payments of principal of and premium, if any, and interest on this Note shall be
made in lawful money of the United States of America, or, at the option of the
Company and subject to the provisions of this Note, interest payable on the
Interest Payment Dates may be paid in whole or in part in fully paid and
nonassessable shares of Common Stock. All cash payments shall be made by wire
transfer of immediately available funds to such account as the Holder may from
time to time designate by written notice in accordance with the provisions of
this Note. Whenever any amount expressed to be due by the terms of this Note is
due on any day which is not a Business Day, the same shall instead be due on the
next succeeding day which is a Business Day and, in the case of any Interest
Payment Date which is not the date on which this Note is paid in full, the
extension of the due date thereof shall not be taken into account for purposes
of determining the amount of interest due on such date. Certain capitalized
terms used in this Note are defined in Article VII.
<PAGE> 37
The obligations of the Company under this Note shall rank in
right of payment on a parity with all other unsubordinated obligations of the
Company for indebtedness for borrowed money or the purchase price of property,
except as and to the extent otherwise specifically provided in Article VIII.
This Note is issued pursuant to the Note Purchase Agreement and the Holder of
this Note and this Note are subject to the terms of the Note Purchase Agreement.
If the Issuance Date is within 90 days after the Execution Date, the obligations
of the Company under this Note are secured pursuant to, and the Holder of this
Note is entitled to the benefits of, the Security Agreement.
The following terms shall apply to this Note:
ARTICLE I
INTEREST IN COMMON STOCK; OPTIONAL REDEMPTION
1.1 ISSUANCE OF COMMON STOCK IN LIEU OF CASH INTEREST. (a) If
the Company exercises its option to make a payment of interest on this Note
wholly or partly in shares of Common Stock (herein sometimes called the "Stock
Payment Option"), the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon such exercise of
the Stock Payment Option shall have been authorized by the Board of Directors of
the Company.
(b) The Company shall not be permitted to exercise the Stock
Payment Option with respect to any payment of interest on this Note if:
(i) the number of shares of Common Stock authorized, unissued
and unreserved for all purposes, or held in the Company's treasury, is
insufficient to pay the portion of such interest to be paid in Common
Stock;
(ii) the issuance or delivery of shares of Common Stock
pursuant to the Stock Payment Option or the public resale of such
shares by the Holder would require registration with or approval of any
governmental authority under any law or regulation, and such
registration or approval has not been effected or obtained; provided,
however, that with respect to compliance with the securities or blue
sky laws of the states of the United States, the requirements of this
clause (ii) shall be deemed satisfied if at the applicable time the
Company is in compliance with Section 8(c) of the Note Purchase
Agreement;
(iii) the shares of Common Stock to be issued upon exercise of
the Stock Payment Option shall not then have been authorized for
listing, upon official notice of issuance, on the principal securities
exchange on which the Common Stock is then listed and traded;
(iv) the Computed Price is less than the par value of the
Common Stock;
(v) an Event of Default or a Repurchase Event has occurred and
is continuing;
(vi) the Common Stock is neither (i) listed or admitted for
trading on a national securities exchange nor (ii) quoted on Nasdaq; or
(vii) the issuance of shares of Common Stock in payment of
interest on this Note would result in the Holder (including all
Aggregated Persons) beneficially owning more than 4.9% of the Common
Stock, determined as provided in the second sentence of Section 2.1.
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<PAGE> 38
(c) If the Stock Payment Option is elected, the Company shall
issue and dispatch or cause to be dispatched to the Holder one or more
certificates for the aggregate number of whole shares of Common Stock determined
by dividing the per share Computed Price of the Common Stock on the applicable
Interest Payment Date into the total amount of lawful money of the United States
of America which the Holder would receive if the aggregate amount of interest on
this Note which is being paid in shares of Common Stock were being paid in such
lawful money; provided, however, that if in connection with any such election
the Company shall have failed to deliver the appropriate number of shares of
Common Stock to the Holder within three Business Days after the applicable
Interest Payment Date, then the Company shall not be entitled to use the Stock
Payment Option in respect of such Interest Payment Date, such cash interest
shall be immediately due and payable and the Company shall pay the interest for
such Interest Payment Date in cash with Default Interest, at the rate provided
in the Note, from such Interest Payment Date until paid. No fractional shares
will be issued in payment of interest on this Note. In lieu thereof, the Company
may, at its option, issue a number of shares of Common Stock which reflects a
rounding up to the next whole number or may pay lawful money of the United
States of America.
(d) If the Company exercises the Stock Payment Option with
respect to a payment of interest on this Note, the Company shall deliver to the
Holder, on the date on which Payment Shares for such payment of interest on this
Note are to be received by the Holder, a Company Certificate setting forth (i)
the total amount of the interest payment to which the Holder is entitled, (ii)
the portion of the interest payment being made in Payment Shares, (iii) the
number of Payment Shares allocable to such payment, as calculated pursuant to
this Section 1.1, (iv) any rounding adjustment to such number or any payment
necessary to be made pursuant to Section 1.1(c), (v) a brief statement of the
facts requiring such adjustment, (vi) the number of Payment Shares issuable with
respect to each $100 of interest on this Note after such adjustment and (vii) a
brief statement that none of the conditions set forth in Section 1.1(b) has
occurred and is existing. Such Company Certificate shall be accompanied by the
certificates, each duly issued in the name of the Holder or its nominee,
representing the Payment Shares. Such Company Certificate shall be conclusive
evidence of the correctness of the calculation of the number of Payment Shares
allocable to the payments to which such Company Certificate relates and of any
adjustments to such number made pursuant to this Section 1.1 in the absence of
manifest error. In addition, on or before the pertinent payment date, the
Company shall cause the transfer agent for the Common Stock to prepare and issue
the certificates representing the Payment Shares in the name of the Holder
before being so delivered by the Company on the payment date.
(e) The Payment Shares, when issued pursuant to and in
compliance with this Section 1.1, shall be, and for all purposes shall be deemed
to be, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock; the
issuance and delivery thereof is in all respects hereby authorized; and the
issuance thereof, together with lawful money of the United States of America, if
any, paid in lieu of fractional shares of such Common Stock, will be, and for
all purposes shall be deemed to be, in full discharge and satisfaction of the
Company's obligation to pay the interest on this Note to which such Payment
Shares relate.
1.2 OPTIONAL REDEMPTION BY COMPANY. (a) On any Optional
Redemption Date, so long as (x) no Event of Default or Repurchase Event has
occurred and is continuing, (y) the Company is in compliance in all material
respects with its obligations to the Holder (including, without limitation, its
obligations under the Note Purchase Agreement) and (z) on the date the Company
gives an Optional Redemption Notice the Company has Cash and Cash
Equivalent Balances (excluding investment securities) which are sufficient,
after taking into account the Company's cash requirements during the period from
the date such Optional Redemption Notice is given to the applicable Optional
Redemption Date, to pay the Optional Redemption Price of this Note and the
redemption prices of the Other Notes being redeemed contemporaneously with such
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<PAGE> 39
redemption of this Note, the Company shall have the right to redeem all or from
time to time any portion of this Note at the Optional Redemption Price pursuant
to this Section 1.2. In order to exercise its right of redemption under this
Section 1.2, the Company shall give an Optional Redemption Notice to the Holder
in the form attached hereto as EXHIBIT H not less than 20 days or more than 30
days prior to the Optional Redemption Date stating that: (1) the Company is
exercising its right to redeem a specified portion of this Note in accordance
with this Section 1.2, (2) the principal amount of this Note to be redeemed, (3)
the Optional Redemption Price and (4) the Optional Redemption Date. On the
applicable Optional Redemption Date the Company shall pay to or upon the order
of the Holder by wire transfer of immediately available funds to such account as
shall be specified for such purpose by the Holder an amount equal to the
Optional Redemption Price of the portion of this Note to be redeemed.
(b) Notwithstanding the giving of an Optional Redemption
Notice, the Holder shall be entitled to convert in accordance with the terms of
this Note the portion of this Note which is to be redeemed in accordance with
such Optional Redemption Notice by giving a Conversion Notice at any time prior
to (1) the date which is one Business Day prior to the applicable Optional
Redemption Date or (2) if the Company fails to pay the Optional Redemption Price
on the applicable Optional Redemption Date, the date on which the Company pays
the Optional Redemption Price of such portion of this Note to the Holder.
(c) Any redemption of this Note pursuant to this Section 1.2
shall be made at the same time as a redemption by the Company of a pro rata
portion (based on the outstanding principal amounts) of the Other Notes (subject
to reduction for conversions prior to redemption). The Company shall not
repurchase or otherwise acquire any of the Other Notes (other than a mandatory
redemption pursuant to provisions of the Other Notes comparable to Section 2.4)
unless the Company offers simultaneously to repurchase or otherwise acquire a
pro rata portion (based on outstanding principal amount) of this Note for cash
at the same price as the Other Note or Other Notes.
1.3 NO PREPAYMENT. Except as otherwise specifically provided
in Section 1.2, this Note may not be prepaid, redeemed or repurchased at the
option of the Company prior to the Maturity Date.
ARTICLE II
CONVERSION; CERTAIN MANDATORY REDEMPTION
RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS
2.1 CONVERSION RIGHT. The Holder shall have the right from and
after the Issuance Date and then at any time on or prior to the date this Note
is paid in full, to convert at any time all or from time to time any part of the
outstanding and unpaid principal amount of this Note of at least $10,000, or
such lesser amount as shall remain unpaid at the time of the conversion or may
be permitted from time to time by the Company in its discretion, and accrued and
unpaid interest on the principal amount to be converted and on any such
interest, into fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock at the
Conversion Price in effect on the date the applicable Conversion Notice is given
in accordance with this Note. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Note,
in no event shall the Holder be entitled at any time to convert any portion of
the principal amount of this Note (and accrued and unpaid interest thereon and
on any such interest) in excess of that portion of the principal amount of this
Note (and accrued and unpaid interest thereon and on any such interest) upon
conversion of which the sum of (1) the number of shares of Common Stock
beneficially owned by the Holder (including shares of Common Stock beneficially
owned by all Aggregated Persons) (other than shares of Common Stock deemed
beneficially owned by the Holder or any Aggregated Person of the Holder through
the ownership of (x) the unconverted
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<PAGE> 40
portion of the principal amount of this Note and the Other Notes and accrued and
unpaid interest thereon and on any such interest and (y) the unconverted or
unexercised portion of any instrument which contains limitations similar to
those set forth in this sentence) and (2) the number of shares of Common Stock
issuable upon conversion of the portion of the principal amount of this Note and
accrued and unpaid interest thereon and on any such interest with respect to
which the determination in this sentence is being made, would result in
beneficial ownership by the Holder and all Aggregated Persons of the Holder of
more than 4.9% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock. For purposes of the
immediately preceding sentence, beneficial ownership shall be determined in
accordance with Section 13(d) of the 1934 Act, and Regulation 13D-G thereunder,
except as otherwise provided in clause (1) of the immediately preceding
sentence. For purposes of the second preceding sentence, the Company shall be
entitled to rely, and shall be fully protected in relying, on any statement or
representation made by the Holder to the Company in connection with a particular
conversion, without any obligation on the part of the Company to make any
inquiry or investigation or to examine its records or the records of any
transfer agent for the Common Stock and without any liability of the Company
with respect thereto. The number of shares of Common Stock to be issued upon
each conversion of this Note shall be determined by dividing the sum of (1) that
portion of the principal amount of this Note to be converted plus (2) accrued
and unpaid interest on such principal amount to the date the Conversion Notice
for such conversion is given plus (3) Default Interest, if any, on the amount
referred to in the immediately preceding clause (2) to the date such Conversion
Notice is given, by the Conversion Price in effect on the date the Conversion
Notice for such conversion is given.
2.2 AUTHORIZED SHARES. The Company covenants that, during the
period the conversion rights exist, the Company will reserve from its authorized
and unissued Common Stock [INSERT 150% OF THE AGGREGATE NUMBER OF SHARES
ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION FOR THIS NOTE AND THE OTHER NOTES ON DATE PRIOR TO DATE
THIS NOTE IS ISSUED] shares, (such amount to be subject to equitable adjustment
from time to time on terms reasonably acceptable to the Majority Holders for (i)
stock splits, (ii) stock dividends, (iii) combinations, (iv) capital
reorganizations, (v) issuance to all holders of Common Stock of rights or
warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock at a price per share less than the
Trading Price which would otherwise be applicable, (vi) the distribution by the
Company to all holders of Common Stock of evidences of indebtedness of the
Company or cash (other than regular quarterly cash dividends), (vii) tender
offers by the Company or any subsidiary of the Company or other repurchases of
shares of Common Stock in one or more transactions which, individually or in the
aggregate, result in the purchase of more than 10% of the Common Stock
outstanding and (viii) similar events relating to the Common Stock, in each such
case which occur on or after the Execution Date) to provide for the issuance of
Common Stock upon the full conversion of this Note and the Other Notes, subject
to reduction from time to time by the number of shares of Common Stock issued on
conversion of this Note and the Other Notes. The Company shall, from time to
time, authorize and reserve additional shares of Common Stock to be issuable
pursuant to the terms of this Note as shall be necessary to ensure that an
adequate number of shares of Common Stock are at all times authorized and
reserved for issuance upon full conversion of this Note and the Other Notes and
the payment of interest on this Note in accordance with Section 1.1 and on the
Other Notes in accordance with the terms thereof. The Company represents and
warrants that upon issuance, such shares of Common Stock will be duly and
validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable. The Company agrees that its
issuance of this Note shall constitute full authority to its officers and agents
who are charged with the duty of executing stock certificates to execute and
issue the necessary certificates for shares of Common Stock upon the conversion
of and payment of interest on this Note.
2.3 METHOD OF CONVERSION. (a) The right of the Holder to
convert this Note shall be exercised by delivering (which may be made by
telephone line facsimile transmission) to the Conversion Agent at the address or
telephone line facsimile transmission number provided in or pursuant to the
Transfer Agent Agreement, a Conversion Notice stating the principal amount of
this
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<PAGE> 41
Note which, together with interest and Default Interest, if any, as provided in
this Note, is being converted and the number of shares of Common Stock to be
issued upon such conversion. The number of shares of Common Stock to be issued
upon each conversion of this Note shall be the number set forth in the
applicable Conversion Notice, which number shall be conclusive absent manifest
error. The Company shall notify the Holder of any claim by the Company of
manifest error in a Conversion Notice within three Business Days after the
Holder gives such Conversion Notice and no such claim of error shall limit or
delay performance of the Company's obligation to issue upon such conversion the
number of shares of Common Stock which are not in dispute. A Conversion Notice
shall be deemed for all purposes to be in proper form unless the Company
notifies the Holder by telephone line facsimile transmission within three
Business Days after a Conversion Notice has been given (which notice from the
Company shall specify all defects in the Conversion Notice) and any Conversion
Notice containing any such defect shall nonetheless be effective on the date
given if the Holder promptly undertakes in writing to correct all such defects.
The Company shall not be required to pay any tax which may be payable in respect
of any transfer involved in the issuance and delivery of shares of Common Stock
or other securities or property on conversion of this Note in a name other than
that of the Holder, and the Company shall not be required to issue or deliver
any such shares or other securities or property unless and until the person or
persons requesting the issuance thereof shall have paid to the Company the
amount of any such tax or shall have established to the satisfaction of the
Company that such tax has been paid. The Holder shall be responsible for the
amount of any withholding tax payable in connection with any conversion.
(b) If the Holder elects to convert this Note in accordance
with Section 2.1, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this
Note unless the entire unpaid principal amount of this Note is so converted. The
Company shall maintain records showing the principal amount so converted and the
dates of such conversions or shall use such other method, reasonably
satisfactory to the Holder and the Company, so as not to require physical
surrender of this Note upon each such conversion. In the event of any dispute or
discrepancy, such records of the Company shall be controlling and determinative
in the absence of manifest error. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any portion
of this Note is converted as aforesaid the Holder may not transfer this Note
unless (1) the Holder first physically surrenders this Note to the Company,
whereupon the Company will forthwith issue and deliver upon the order of the
Holder a new note of like tenor, registered as the Holder (upon payment by the
Holder of any applicable transfer taxes) may request, representing in the
aggregate the remaining unpaid principal amount of this Note and (2) such
transfer is otherwise in compliance with Section 9.7 hereof. THE HOLDER AND ANY
ASSIGNEE, BY ACCEPTANCE OF THIS NOTE, ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT, BY REASON OF
THE PROVISIONS OF THIS PARAGRAPH, FOLLOWING CONVERSION OF A PORTION OF THIS
NOTE, THE UNPAID AND UNCONVERTED PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF THIS NOTE REPRESENTED BY
THIS NOTE MAY BE LESS THAN THE AMOUNT STATED ON THE FACE HEREOF. The Company may
by notice to the Holder from time to time require the Holder to surrender this
Note in exchange for the issuance by the Company of a new Note in a principal
amount equal to the outstanding principal amount of this Note and otherwise
having terms identical to this Note.
(c) In case of any consolidation or merger of the Company with
any other corporation (other than a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company) in
which the Company is not the surviving corporation, or in case of any sale or
transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or in the
case of any share exchange pursuant to which all of the outstanding shares of
Common Stock are converted into other securities or property, the Company shall
make appropriate provision or cause appropriate provision to be made so that the
Holder shall have the right thereafter to convert this Note into the kind of
shares of stock and other securities and property receivable upon such
consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange by the persons who were
holders of Common Stock immediately prior to the effective date of such
consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange and on a basis which
preserves the
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<PAGE> 42
economic benefits of the conversion rights of the Holder on a basis as nearly as
practical as such rights existed prior to such consolidation, merger, sale,
transfer or share exchange. If, in connection with any such consolidation,
merger, sale, transfer or share exchange each holder of shares of Common Stock
is entitled to elect to receive either securities, cash or other assets upon
completion of such transaction, the Company shall provide or cause to be
provided to the Holder the right to elect prior to completion of such
transaction the securities, cash or other assets into which this Note shall be
convertible after completion of any such transaction on the same terms and
subject to the same conditions applicable to holders of the Common Stock
(including, without limitation, notice of the right to elect, limitations on the
period in which such election shall be made, and the effect of failing to
exercise the election). The Company shall not effect any such transaction unless
the provisions of this paragraph have been complied with. The above provisions
shall similarly apply to successive consolidations, mergers, sales, transfers or
share exchanges.
Whenever the Company shall propose to take any of the actions
specified in this Section 2.3(c), the Company shall cause a notice to be mailed
to the Holder at least 20 days prior to the date on which the books of the
Company will close or on which the securityholders entitled to participate in
such action is to be determined. Such notice shall specify the action proposed
to be taken by the Company and the date as of which holders of record of the
Common Stock shall participate in any such actions or be entitled to exchange
their Common Stock for securities or other property, as the case may be.
(d) Upon receipt by the Conversion Agent from the Holder of a
Conversion Notice meeting the requirements for conversion as provided in Section
2.1 and this Section 2.3, the Company shall issue and deliver or cause to be
issued and delivered to the Holder certificates for the Common Stock issuable
upon such conversion by the close of business on the third Business Day after
the date of such receipt, and as of the close of business on the date of receipt
of such Conversion Notice the Holder shall be deemed to be the holder of record
of the Common Stock issuable upon such conversion, the outstanding principal
amount and the amount of accrued and unpaid interest on this Note shall be
reduced to reflect such conversion, and all rights with respect to the portion
of this Note being so converted shall forthwith terminate except the right to
receive the Common Stock or other securities, cash or other assets, as herein
provided, on such conversion. If the Holder shall have given a Conversion Notice
in accordance with the terms of this Note, the Company's obligation to issue and
deliver the certificates for Common Stock shall be absolute and unconditional,
irrespective of any action or inaction by the Holder to enforce the same, any
waiver or consent with respect to any provision thereof, the recovery of any
judgment against any person or any action to enforce the same, any failure or
delay in the enforcement of any other obligation of the Company to the Holder,
or any setoff, counterclaim, recoupment, limitation or termination, or any
breach or alleged breach by the Holder or any other person of any obligation to
the Company or any violation or alleged violation of law by the Holder or any
other person, and irrespective of any other circumstance which might otherwise
limit such obligation of the Company to the Holder in connection with such
conversion; provided, however, that nothing herein shall limit or prejudice the
right of the Company to pursue any such claim in any other manner permitted by
applicable law. The occurrence of an event which requires an equitable
adjustment of the Trading Price as contemplated by the definition thereof in
Section 7.1 shall in no way restrict or delay the right of the Holder to receive
certificates for Common Stock upon conversion of this Note and the Company shall
use its best efforts to implement such adjustment on terms reasonably acceptable
to the Holder within two Business Days of such occurrence. If the Company fails
to issue and deliver the certificates for the Common Stock to the Holder
pursuant to the first sentence of this Section 2.3(d) as and when required to do
so, in addition to any other liabilities the Company may have hereunder and
under applicable law (1) the Company shall pay or reimburse the Holder on demand
for all out-of-pocket expenses, including, without limitation, the reasonable
fees and expenses of legal counsel, incurred by the Holder as a result of such
failure, (2) the percentage used to calculate the Computed Price applicable to
such conversion shall be reduced by
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<PAGE> 43
one-tenth of a percentage point from the percentage otherwise used to calculate
the Computed Price applicable to such conversion for each Trading Day during the
period from the date the Company was required to deliver such certificates to
the date the Company so delivers such certificates; provided, however, that in
no event shall any such reduction be made for any Trading Day in such period
which is after the date which is 120 days after the date the Company was
required to deliver such certificates in connection with such conversion, and
(3) the Holder may by written notice (which may be given by mail, courier,
personal service or telephone line facsimile transmission) or oral notice
(promptly confirmed in writing) given at any time prior to delivery to the
Holder of the certificates for the shares of Common Stock issuable upon such
conversion of this Note, rescind such conversion, whereupon the Holder shall
have the right to convert this Note thereafter in accordance herewith; provided,
however, that the Company shall not be liable to the Holder under the preceding
clause (1) or clause (2) to the extent the failure of the Company to deliver or
cause to be delivered such shares of Common Stock results from fire, flood,
storm, earthquake, shipwreck, strike, war, acts of terrorism, crash involving
facilities of a common carrier, act of God or any similar event outside the
control of the Company (it being understood that the actions or failure to act
of the Conversion Agent shall not be deemed an event outside the control of the
Company except to the extent resulting from fire, flood, storm, earthquake,
shipwreck, strike, war, acts of terrorism, crash involving facilities of a
common carrier, acts of God, the bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization of
the Conversion Agent under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law or
any similar event outside the control of the Conversion Agent). The Holder shall
notify the Company in writing (or by telephone conversation, confirmed in
writing) as promptly as practicable after becoming aware that shares of Common
Stock issued on conversion of this Note have not been received as provided in
this Section 2.3(d).
(e) No fractional shares of Common Stock shall be issued upon
conversion of this Note but, in lieu of any fraction of a share of Common Stock
which would otherwise be issuable in respect of the aggregate number of such
shares converted at one time by the same holder, the Company may round the
number of shares of Common Stock issued on such conversion up to the next
highest whole share or may pay lawful money of the United States of America,
based on a value of one share of Common Stock being equal to the last sale price
of the Common Stock on the date the applicable Conversion Notice is given to the
Company, as reported by Bloomberg, L.P.
2.4 LIMITATION ON SHARES ISSUABLE ON CONVERSION; MANDATORY
REDEMPTION. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision herein, unless the
Stockholder Approval shall have been obtained from the stockholders of the
Company or waived by Nasdaq, the Company shall not be required to issue upon
conversion of this Note a number of shares of Common Stock in excess of the
Maximum Share Amount less the number of shares of Common Stock issued pursuant
to Section 1.1 from time to time in payment of interest on this Note. The
Company shall maintain records which show the number of shares of Common Stock
issued by the Company upon conversion from time to time of this Note and issued
by the Company pursuant to Section 1.1 in payment of interest on this Note,
which records shall be controlling in the absence of manifest error. Upon
surrender of this Note for transfer or re-registration hereof (or, at the option
of the Holder, for conversion pursuant to Section 2.1 of less than all of this
Note), the Company shall make a notation on the new Note issued upon such
transfer or re-registration or evidencing such unconverted portion of this Note,
as the case may be, as to the remaining number of shares of Common Stock from
the Maximum Share Amount remaining available for conversion of the Note
evidenced by such new certificate (including, without limitation, by taking into
account the number of shares of Common Stock issued by the Company pursuant to
Section 1.1 in payment of interest on this Note and not previously reflected on
the Note so surrendered, as shown on the records maintained by the Company). If
this Note is surrendered for split-up into two or more Notes representing an
aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of this Note at the
time so surrendered (as reduced by any contemporaneous conversion of this Note),
each Note issued on such split-up shall bear a notation of the portion
of the Maximum Share Amount
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allocated thereto determined by pro rata allocation from among the remaining
portion of the Maximum Share Amount allocated to this Note at the time so
surrendered. If any Other Note is converted in full, repaid, repurchased or
redeemed, all of the portion of the Maximum Share Amount (as defined in such
Other Note) allocated to such Other Note which remains unissued after such
conversion, repayment, repurchase or redemption shall be re-allocated to this
Note and the Other Notes outstanding at the close of business on the date of
such conversion, repayment, repurchase or redemption of the Other Note so
converted, repaid, repurchased or redeemed pro rata based on the principal
amounts outstanding at the close of business on such date.
(b) (1) If on any Trading Day the Company shall have then
issued upon conversion of and in payment of interest on this Note a number of
shares of Common Stock at least equal to the Maximum Share Amount (a "Maximum
Share Issuance"), the Company shall promptly, but in no event later than three
Business Days after the occurrence, give notice to the Holder in the form
attached hereto as EXHIBIT B (by telephone line facsimile transmission at such
number as the Holder has specified in writing to the Company for such purposes
or, if the Holder shall not have specified any such number, by overnight courier
or first class mail, postage prepaid, at the Holder's address as the same
appears on the records of the Company) and the Holder may at any time after such
occurrence give notice to the Company in the form attached hereto as EXHIBIT C
(any such notice, whether given by the Company or the Holder, a "Maximum Share
Issuance Notice"). If (x) on any five Trading Days ending on or after the fifth
Trading Day after the Issuance Date (the "Inconvertibility Days") within any
period of ten consecutive Trading Days the Company would not have been required
to convert this Note in full as a consequence of the limitations set forth in
Section 2.4(a) had this Note been converted in full into Common Stock on each
such day, determined at the Conversion Price applicable on each such Trading Day
and without regard to the limitation, if any, on the Holder contained in the
second sentence of Section 2.1 (a "Maximum Share Amount Inconvertibility") or
(y) on any five Inconvertibility Days within any period of ten consecutive
Trading Days, notwithstanding Rule 416 under the Act or the provisions of
Section 8(b) of the Note Purchase Agreement, the Registration Statement is not
deemed to cover such indeterminate number of shares of Common Stock as shall be
issuable upon conversion of this Note based on changes from time to time in the
Computed Price, the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of
this Note in full had this Note been converted in full into Common Stock on each
such Trading Day and without regard to the limitation if any on the Holder
contained in the second sentence of Section 2.1, would exceed the number of
shares of Common Stock covered by the Registration Statement and available for
sale by the Holder pursuant to the Registration Statement (a "Registration
Restriction Inconvertibility") the Company shall promptly, but in no event later
than three Business Days after the occurrence, give notice to the Holder in the
form attached hereto as EXHIBIT D (by telephone line facsimile transmission at
such number as the Holder has specified in writing to the Company for such
purposes or, if the Holder shall not have specified any such number, by
overnight courier or first class mail, postage prepaid, at the Holder's address
as the same appears on the records of the Company) and the Holder may at any
time after such occurrence give notice to the Company in the form attached
hereto as EXHIBIT E (any such notice, whether given by the Company or the
Holder, an "Inconvertibility Notice").
(2) Within five Business Days after the occurrence of a
Maximum Share Issuance, the Company shall redeem the outstanding portion of this
Note at a price equal to the Redemption Price. If by reason of a Maximum Share
Amount Inconvertibility or a Registration Restriction Inconvertibility the
Company shall have given any Inconvertibility Notice, or if the Holder shall
have given any Inconvertibility Notice, then within five Business Days after the
date such Inconvertibility Notice is given, the Holder shall have the right by
notice to the Company in the form attached hereto as EXHIBIT F, or by including
such notice in the Inconvertibility Notice given by the Holder in the form
attached hereto as EXHIBIT E (whether given in the form of Exhibit F or included
in any Inconvertibility Notice given by a Holder, a "Holder Redemption Notice")
to direct the Company to redeem (A) up to the specified portion of this Note
(which, if
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applicable, shall be all of this Note) as shall not, on the Business Day
immediately preceding the date of such redemption, be convertible into shares of
Common Stock by reason of the limitations set forth in Section 2.4(a)
(determined without regard to the limitation, if any, on the Holder contained in
the second sentence of Section 2.1) or (B) up to the specified portion of this
Note (which, if applicable, shall be all of this Note) as shall not, on the
Business Day immediately preceding the date of such redemption, be convertible
into shares of Common Stock which are covered by the Registration Statement and
available for sale by the Holder pursuant to the Registration Statement, in
either the case of the preceding clause (A) or clause (B) at a price equal to
the Redemption Price (such portion, the "Inconvertible Portion") and within five
Business Days (the "Mandatory Redemption Period") after a Holder Redemption
Notice is given the Company shall redeem such portion of this Note; provided,
however, that (1) no such redemption shall be made if prior to the expiration of
the applicable Mandatory Redemption Period the Company and the Holder shall, by
mutual agreement in the form attached hereto as EXHIBIT G (a "Mandatory
Redemption Waiver"), waive the Company's obligation to make such redemption and
(2) during the period ending six months after the Execution Date, the Company
shall only be required to redeem that portion of the Note which is requested to
be converted into shares of Common Stock pursuant to a pending Conversion Notice
and which cannot be so converted by reason of the limitations set forth in
Section 2.4(a) if and so long as the following conditions are met from the date
such Inconvertibility Notice is given or is required to have been given until
the end of such six-month period: (I) the Registration Statement is effective
and available for use by the selling stockholders named therein and (II) the
Company maintains Net Cash and Cash Equivalent Balances equal to at least 200%
of the aggregate principal amounts of this Note and the Other Notes outstanding
from time to time and which in no event shall be less than $10,000,000. If the
Company shall have become obligated to redeem all or any portion of this Note
pursuant to this Section 2.4 by reason of a Maximum Share Amount
Inconvertibility and, prior to the expiration of the Mandatory Redemption Period
with respect thereto, the Company would have been able, within the limitations
set forth in Section 2.4(a), to satisfy its obligations to the Holder to convert
all of this Note (determined without regard to the limitation, if any, on the
Holder contained in the second sentence of Section 2.1) on any two Trading Days
within any period of five consecutive Trading Days commencing after the period
of ten consecutive Trading Days which gave rise to the applicable
Inconvertibility Notice from the Company or the Holder, as the case may be, had
this Note been surrendered for conversion in full into Common Stock on each of
such two Trading Days within such five-Trading-Day period, then the Company
shall not be required to redeem any of this Note by reason of such
Inconvertibility Notice.
(3) The Company shall notify the Holder of any claim by the
Company of manifest error in an Inconvertibility Notice or Holder Redemption
Notice given by a Holder within three Business Days after the Holder gives such
Inconvertibility Notice or Holder Redemption Notice and no such claim or error
shall limit or delay performance of the Company's obligation to redeem any
Inconvertible Portion which is not in dispute. An Inconvertibility Notice or
Holder Redemption Notice given by a Holder shall be deemed for all purposes to
be in proper form unless the Company notifies the Holder within three Business
Days after an Inconvertibility Notice or Holder Redemption Notice has been given
(which notice shall specify all defects in the Inconvertibility Notice or Holder
Redemption Notice) and any Inconvertibility Notice or Holder Redemption Notice
containing any such defect shall nonetheless be effective on the date given if
the Holder promptly undertakes in writing to correct all such defects.
(c) Notwithstanding the giving of any Inconvertibility Notice
by the Company or the giving or the absence of any Inconvertibility Notice by
the Holder or any redemption of any portion of this Note, thereafter the
provisions of Section 2.4(b) shall continue to be applicable on any occasion
unless, in the case of a Maximum Share Amount Inconvertibility, the Stockholder
Approval shall have been obtained or waived by Nasdaq.
(d) On each Redemption Date, the Company shall make payment in
immediately
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available funds of the applicable Redemption Price of the portion of this Note
to be redeemed on such Redemption Date to the Holder or upon the order of the
Holder as specified by the Holder in writing to the Company at least one
Business Day prior to such Redemption Date. Upon redemption of less than all of
this Note, promptly, but in no event later than three Business Days after
surrender of this Note to the Company, the Company shall issue a replacement
Note of like tenor for the portion of this Note which has not been redeemed.
(e) If the Company shall have failed to pay in full the
Redemption Price (other than by reason of a Maximum Share Amount
Inconvertibility or a Maximum Share Issuance) or the Repurchase Price, without
in any way relieving the Company of its obligation to pay such amount in
accordance with Section 2.4(g), for any portion (which, if applicable, may be
all) of this Note when the same is due and payable, the Holder shall have the
right to convert such portion of this Note into Common Stock in accordance with
Section 2.1 (subject to the numerical limit contained in the second sentence of
Section 2.1); provided, however, that the shares of Common Stock received by the
Holder upon any such conversion may be subject to restrictions on resale by the
Holder arising under applicable securities laws to the extent not registered for
resale by the Holder pursuant to the Registration Statement.
(f) If the Company shall have failed to pay in full the
Redemption Price for any portion (which, if applicable, may be all) of this Note
when the same is due and payable by reason of a Maximum Share Amount
Inconvertibility or a Maximum Share Issuance and the Stockholder Approval shall
not have been obtained, without in any way relieving the Company of its
obligation to pay the applicable Redemption Price, upon the written request of
the Majority Holders, the Company shall use its best efforts to obtain a waiver
from the NASD of the requirement for Stockholder Approval. If such waiver, in
form reasonably satisfactory to the Majority Holders, is not obtained within 15
days after the Company's receipt of such request from the Majority Holders, the
Company promptly shall call a special meeting of its stockholders, to be held
not later than 60 days after the expiration of the foregoing 15-day period, to
seek Stockholder Approval for issuance of all shares of Common Stock issuable
upon conversion of this Note and the Other Notes in accordance with Section 2.1.
(g) If the Holder converts all or any portion of this Note
pursuant to Section 2.4(e), the amount of the Redemption Price or Repurchase
Price, as the case may be, due to the Holder with respect to the principal
amount of this Note so converted shall be reduced by the principal amount of
this Note so converted.
ARTICLE III
CERTAIN COVENANTS
3.1 LIMITATIONS ON CERTAIN INDEBTEDNESS. The Company will not
itself, and will not permit any subsidiary of the Company to, create, assume,
incur or in any manner become liable in respect of, including, without
limitation, by reason of any business combination transaction (all of which are
referred to herein as "incurring"), any Indebtedness (other than Excluded
Indebtedness) unless (1) immediately after the incurring of such Indebtedness no
Event of Default or Repurchase Event shall be continuing and (2) such
Indebtedness is unsecured and contains the provisions set forth in EXHIBIT I
attached hereto providing for the subordination of such Indebtedness to this
Note.
3.2 TENDER OFFERS. The Company will not itself, and will not
permit any subsidiary of the Company to (1) make any Tender Offer for
outstanding shares of Common Stock unless the Company contemporaneously
therewith makes an offer or (2) enter into an agreement regarding a Tender Offer
for outstanding shares of Common Stock by any person other than the
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<PAGE> 47
Company or any subsidiary of the Company unless such person agrees with the
Company to make an offer, in either such case, to the Holder to purchase the
same percentage of the outstanding principal amount of this Note held by the
Holder as the percentage of outstanding shares of Common Stock offered to be
purchased in such Tender Offer, at a price equal to the greater of (i) an amount
equal to the sum of (1) the sum of (A) the outstanding principal amount of this
Note plus (B) accrued and unpaid interest on such principal amount to the date
of payment plus (C) accrued and unpaid Default Interest, if any, on the amount
referred to in the immediately preceding clause (B) at the rate provided in this
Note to the date of purchase pursuant to such Tender Offer plus (2) an amount
equal to the product obtained by multiplying (a) the sum of the amounts stated
in the immediately preceding clauses (1)(A) and (1)(B) times (b) the quotient
(expressed as a percentage) obtained by dividing (A) the amount determined by
subtracting from 100% the applicable percentage which would be used to determine
the Computed Price on the date of purchase pursuant to such Tender Offer if a
Conversion Notice were given by the Holder on such date by (B) the applicable
percentage which would be used to determine the Computed Price on the date of
purchase pursuant to such Tender Offer if a Conversion Notice were given by the
Holder on such date and (ii) an amount equal to the product obtained by
multiplying (x) the number of shares of Common Stock which would, but for the
purchase pursuant to such Tender Offer, be issuable on conversion in accordance
with Section 2.1 of this Note and any accrued and unpaid interest thereon and
any accrued and unpaid Default Interest if a Conversion Notice were given by the
Holder on the date of purchase pursuant to such Tender Offer (determined without
regard to any limitation on conversion contained in Section 2.1) times (y) the
highest price per share of Common Stock paid or payable pursuant to such Tender
Offer.
3.3 PAYMENT OF OBLIGATIONS. The Company will pay and
discharge, and will cause each subsidiary to pay and discharge, when due (i) the
Senior Lender Claims and (ii) all their other respective material obligations
and liabilities, including, without limitation, tax liabilities, except where
such other obligations and liabilities may be contested in good faith by
appropriate proceedings.
3.4 MAINTENANCE OF PROPERTY; INSURANCE. (a) The Company will
keep, and will cause each subsidiary to keep, all material property useful and
necessary in its business in good working order and condition, ordinary wear and
tear excepted.
(b) The Company will maintain, and will cause each subsidiary
to maintain, with financially sound and responsible insurance companies,
insurance in at least such amounts and against such risks as are usually insured
against in the same geographic region by companies of comparable size that are
engaged in the same or a similar business, subject to customary deductibles.
3.5 CONDUCT OF BUSINESS AND MAINTENANCE OF EXISTENCE. The
Company will continue, and will cause each subsidiary to continue, to engage in
business of the same general type as now conducted by the Company, and will
preserve, renew and keep in full force and effect, and will cause each
subsidiary to preserve, renew and keep in full force and effect their respective
corporate existence and their respective material rights, privileges and
franchises necessary or desirable in the normal conduct of business.
3.6 COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS. The Company will comply, and will
cause each subsidiary to comply, in all material respects with all applicable
laws, ordinances, rules, regulations, decisions, orders and requirements of
governmental authorities and courts (including, without limitation,
environmental laws) except (i) where compliance therewith is contested in good
faith by appropriate proceedings or (ii) where non-compliance therewith could
not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the business,
condition (financial or otherwise), operations, performance, properties or
prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole.
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3.7 INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT. The Company will not be or become
an open-end investment trust, unit investment trust or face-amount certificate
company that is or is required to be registered under Section 8 of the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
3.8 TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATES. The Company will not, and
will not permit any subsidiary to, directly or indirectly, pay any funds to or
for the account of, make any investment (whether by acquisition of stock or
Indebtedness, by loan, advance, transfer of property, guarantee or other
agreement to pay, purchase or service, directly or indirectly, any Indebtedness,
or otherwise) in, lease, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any assets,
tangible or intangible, to, or participate in, or effect any transaction in
connection with any joint enterprise or other joint arrangement with, any
Affiliate of the Company, except, on terms to the Company or such subsidiary no
less favorable than terms that could be obtained by the Company or such
subsidiary from a Person that is not an Affiliate of the Company, as determined
in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company.
ARTICLE IV
EVENTS OF DEFAULT
If any of the following events of default (each, an "Event of
Default") shall occur:
4.1 FAILURE TO PAY PRINCIPAL OR INTEREST. The Company fails
(a) to pay the principal, Optional Redemption Price, Redemption Price or
Repurchase Price hereof when due, whether at maturity, upon redemption, upon
acceleration or otherwise, as applicable, or (b) to pay any installment of
interest hereon when due and, in the case of this clause (b) of this Section 4.1
only, such failure continues for a period of five (5) Business Days after the
due date thereof;
4.2 CONVERSION AND THE SHARES. The Company fails to issue or
cause to be issued shares of Common Stock to the Holder upon exercise by the
Holder of the conversion rights of the Holder in accordance with the terms of
this Note or fails to transfer any certificate for shares of Common Stock issued
to the Holder upon conversion of this Note or in payment of interest on this
Note as and when required by this Note, the Note Purchase Agreement and the
Transfer Agent Agreement;
4.3 BREACH OF COVENANT. The Company (a) fails to comply with
Section 3.1 of this Note or (b) breaches any other material covenant or other
material term or condition of this Note (other than as specifically provided in
Sections 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3(a) hereof), the Note Purchase Agreement, the Security
Agreement or the Transfer Agent Agreement, and in the case of this clause (b) of
this Section 4.3 only, such breach continues for a period of ten (10) days after
written notice thereof to the Company from the Holder;
4.4 BREACH OF REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. Any
representation or warranty of the Company made herein or in any agreement,
statement or certificate given in writing pursuant hereto or in connection
herewith (including, without limitation, the Note Purchase Agreement, the
Security Agreement and the Transfer Agent Agreement) shall be false or
misleading in any material respect when made;
4.5 CERTAIN VOLUNTARY PROCEEDINGS. The Company or any material
subsidiary of the Company shall commence a voluntary case or other proceeding
seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief with respect to itself or
its debts under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter
in effect or seeking the appointment of a trustee, receiver, liquidator,
custodian or other similar official of it or any substantial part of its
property, or
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<PAGE> 49
shall consent to any such relief or to the appointment of or taking possession
by any such official in an involuntary case or other proceeding commenced
against it, or shall make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or
shall fail generally to pay its debts as they become due or shall admit in
writing its inability generally to pay its debts as they become due;
4.6 CERTAIN INVOLUNTARY PROCEEDINGS. An involuntary case or
other proceeding shall be commenced against the Company or any material
subsidiary of the Company seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief
with respect to it or its debts under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other
similar law now or hereafter in effect or seeking the appointment of a trustee,
receiver, liquidator, custodian or other similar official of it or any
substantial part of its property, and such involuntary case or other proceeding
shall remain undismissed and unstayed for a period of sixty (60) consecutive
days;
4.7 JUDGMENTS. Any court of competent jurisdiction shall enter
one or more final judgments against the Company or any subsidiary of the Company
or any of their respective properties or other assets in an aggregate amount in
excess of $500,000, which is not vacated, bonded, stayed, discharged, satisfied
or waived for a period of thirty (30) consecutive days; provided, however, that
in the case of a judgment any portion of which is by the terms of such judgment
payable more than one year after the date such judgment is entered, no Event of
Default shall be deemed to occur pursuant to this Section 4.7 if and so long as
such judgment does not require the Company to pay more than $1,000,000 in any
360-day period and the Company makes all payments due under such judgment when
due;
4.8 DEFAULT UNDER OTHER AGREEMENTS. (a) the Company or any
subsidiary shall (i) default in any payment with respect to any indebtedness for
borrowed money (other than this Note) which indebtedness has an outstanding
principal amount in excess of $750,000 individually or $1,500,000 in the
aggregate for the Company and its subsidiaries, beyond the period of grace, if
any, provided in the instrument or agreement under which such indebtedness was
created or (ii) default in the observance or performance of any agreement,
covenant or condition relating to any such indebtedness or contained in any
instrument or agreement evidencing, securing or relating thereto, or any other
event shall occur or condition exist, the effect of which default or other event
or condition is to cause, or to permit the holder or holders of such
indebtedness (or a trustee or agent on behalf of such holder or holders) to
cause, any such indebtedness to become due prior to its stated maturity and such
default or event shall continue beyond the period of grace, if any, provided in
the instrument or agreement under which such indebtedness was created (after
giving effect to any consent or waiver obtained and then in effect thereunder);
or (b) any indebtedness of the Company or any of its subsidiaries which has an
outstanding principal amount in excess of $750,000 individually or $1,500,000 in
the aggregate shall, in accordance with its terms, be declared to be due and
payable, or required to be prepaid other than by a regularly scheduled or
required payment prior to the stated maturity thereof;
4.9 DELISTING OF COMMON STOCK. The Common Stock shall cease to
be listed on any of Nasdaq, the NYSE or the AMEX; or
4.10 SECURITY AGREEMENT. The occurrence of any Event of
Default (as defined in the Security Agreement);
then upon the occurrence and during the continuation of any Event of Default
specified in Section 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, or 4.10 at the option of
the Holder the Company shall, and upon the occurrence of any Event of Default
specified in Section 4.5 or 4.6, the Company shall, pay to the Holder an amount
equal to the sum of (1) the product obtained by multiplying (a) the sum of (A)
the outstanding principal amount of this Note plus (B) accrued and unpaid
interest on such principal amount to the date of payment times (b) the
applicable Acceleration Percentage plus (2) accrued and unpaid Default Interest,
if any, on the amount referred to in the immediately preceding
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clause (B) at the rate provided in this Note to the date of payment, and all
other amounts payable hereunder shall immediately become due and payable, all
without demand, presentment or notice, all of which hereby are expressly waived,
together with all costs, including, without limitation, legal fees and expenses,
of collection, and the Holder shall be entitled to exercise all other rights and
remedies available at law or in equity, including all rights and remedies under
or in connection with the Security Agreement.
ARTICLE V
REPURCHASE UPON A REPURCHASE EVENT
5.1 REPURCHASE RIGHT UPON REPURCHASE EVENT. If there shall
occur a Repurchase Event, then the Holder shall have the right, at the Holder's
option, to require the Company to repurchase all of this Note, or any portion
hereof (in a minimum principal amount of $100,000 or integral multiples thereof
(or such lesser remaining principal amount of this Note)), on the repurchase
date that is five Business Days after the date of the Holder Notice delivered
with respect to such Repurchase Event. The Holder shall have the right to
require the Company to repurchase all or any such portion of this Note if a
Repurchase Event occurs at any time while any portion of the principal amount of
this Note is outstanding at a price equal to the Repurchase Price; provided,
however, that if such right to require repurchase of this Note arises solely by
reason of an event specified in clause (c) of the definition of Repurchase Event
and such merger, consolidation or other business combination transaction (1) is
intended to qualify as a pooling of interests under the Pooling Standards and
(2) but for the exercise of repurchase rights under Section 5.1 of this Note and
Section 5.1 of the Other Notes, would qualify as a pooling of interests under
the Pooling Standards, then the Holder shall be entitled to require the Company
to repurchase up to that portion of this Note as shall represent the pro rata
amount of the aggregate maximum amount of this Note and all Other Notes as may
be repurchased by the Company without causing such merger, consolidation or
other business combination transaction to cease to qualify as a pooling of
interests for purposes of the Pooling Standards.
5.2 NOTICES; METHOD OF EXERCISING REPURCHASE RIGHTS, ETC. (a)
On or before the fifth (5th) Business Day after the occurrence of a Repurchase
Event, the Company shall give to the Holder a Company Notice of the occurrence
of the Repurchase Event and of the repurchase right set forth herein arising as
a result thereof. Such Company Notice shall set forth:
(i) the date by which the repurchase right must be exercised,
and
(ii) a description of the procedure (set forth below) which
the Holder must follow to exercise the repurchase right.
No failure of the Company to give a Company Notice or defect therein shall limit
the Holder's right to exercise the repurchase right or affect the validity of
the proceedings for the repurchase of this Note or portion hereof.
(b) To exercise the repurchase right, the Holder shall deliver
to the Company on or before the thirtieth (30th) day after the Company Notice
(or if no such Company Notice has been given, within forty (40) days after the
Holder first learns of the Repurchase Event) (i) a Holder Notice setting forth
the name of the Holder and the principal amount of this Note to be repurchased,
and (ii) this Note, duly endorsed for transfer to the Company of the portion of
the principal amount of this Note to be repurchased. Such notice by the Holder
may be revoked by the Holder at any time prior to the time the Company pays the
applicable Repurchase Price to the Holder.
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5.3 OTHER. (a) If the Company fails to repurchase on the
applicable repurchase date this Note (or portion hereof) as to which the
repurchase right has been properly exercised pursuant to this Article V, then
the Repurchase Price for the portion (which, if applicable, may be all) of this
Note which is required to have been so repurchased shall bear interest to the
extent not prohibited by applicable law from the applicable repurchase date
until paid at the Default Rate.
(b) If a portion of this Note is to be repurchased, upon
surrender of this Note to the Company in accordance with the terms of this
Article V, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Holder without service
charge, a new Note or Notes, having the same date hereof and containing
identical terms and conditions, in such denomination or denominations as
requested by the Holder in aggregate principal amount equal to, and in exchange
for, the unrepurchased portion of the principal amount of the Note so
surrendered.
(c) The Company shall notify the Holder of any claim by the
Company of manifest error in a Holder Notice within three Business Days after
the Holder gives such notice and no such claim of error shall limit or delay
performance of the Company's obligation to repurchase such portion of the Note
which is not in dispute and (ii) such notice shall be deemed for all purposes to
be in proper form unless the Company notifies the Holder within three Business
Days after such notice has been given (which notice from the Company shall
specify all defects in such notice) and any Holder Notice containing any such
defect shall nonetheless be effective on the date given if the Holder promptly
undertakes in writing to correct all such defects.
ARTICLE VI
PAYMENT AT MATURITY
6.1 HOLDER ELECTION. The Holder shall have the right,
exercisable at any time prior to the Maturity Date (or such later date as the
Company may permit) by giving a Final Conversion Election, to elect that upon
the Maturity Date the outstanding amount of this Note shall be converted into
shares of Common Stock in accordance with Section 2.1. The Holder may make such
election by giving notice of the Final Conversion Election at any time prior to
the Maturity Date. If the Holder gives a Final Conversion Election, then on the
Maturity Date the outstanding amount of this Note shall be converted into the
number of shares of Common Stock determined in accordance with Section 2.1
(determined without regard to the limitation, if any, on the Holder contained in
the second sentence of Section 2.1). Such conversion, however, shall be subject
to the limitations contained in Section 2.4. The Company shall notify the Holder
of any claim by the Company of manifest error in a Final Conversion Election
within three Business Days after the Holder gives such Final Conversion Election
and no such claim or error shall limit or delay performance of the Company's
obligation to issue upon such conversion the number of shares of Common Stock
which are not in dispute. A Final Conversion Election shall be deemed for all
purposes to be in proper form unless the Company notifies the Holder within
three Business Days after a Final Conversion Election has been given (which
notice shall specify all defects in the Final Conversion Election) and any Final
Conversion Election containing any such defect shall nonetheless be effective on
the date given if the Holder promptly undertakes in writing to correct all such
defects.
6.2 FINAL MATURITY NOTE ISSUANCE. (a) If the Holder fails
timely to make the Final Conversion Election, then as of the Maturity Date of
this Note, the Company shall issue to the Holder a Final Maturity Note in the
principal amount herein provided. The principal amount of the Final Maturity
Note shall be (a) the sum of (1) the outstanding principal amount of this Note,
(2) the amount of accrued and unpaid interest on such principal amount to the
Maturity Date and (3) Default Interest, if any, on the amount referred to in the
immediately preceding clause (2) to the Maturity Date less (b) the sum of (1)
the principal amount of this Note, if any, which on the
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<PAGE> 52
Maturity Date is inconvertible pursuant to Section 2.4, (2) accrued and unpaid
interest on such principal amount to the Maturity Date and (3) Default Interest,
if any, on the amount referred to in the immediately preceding clause (2) to the
Maturity Date. Notwithstanding the issuance of the Final Maturity Note, the
Company shall remain liable for payment of all unpaid amounts due under this
Note which are not included in the principal amount of the Final Maturity Note,
including, without limitation, the Redemption Price and the Repurchase Price. If
the Holder shall have failed to give a Final Conversion Election prior to the
Maturity Date, then prior to issuance of the Final Maturity Note, the Company
shall have the right within 15 days after the Maturity Date to contact the
Holder and for a period of 15 days after such notice to seek a Final Conversion
Election from the Holder; provided, however, that if the Holder fails to give a
Final Conversion Election within such 15 days, the Company shall immediately
issue the Final Maturity Note, which shall be dated the Maturity Date.
(b) The Holder of this Note by its acceptance hereof,
acknowledges and agrees that the Final Maturity Note shall bear a restrictive
legend in substantially the following form (and a stop-transfer order to such
effect may be placed against transfer of the Final Maturity Note):
This Final Maturity Note has not been registered under the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended or any state securities laws. This Final
Maturity Note has been acquired for investment only and may not be
sold, transferred or assigned in the absence of such registration or an
opinion of counsel reasonably satisfactory in form, scope and substance
to the Company that such registration is not required.
This Final Maturity Note may not be transferred except as provided in
Section 3.7.
ARTICLE VII
DEFINITIONS
7.1 CERTAIN DEFINED TERMS. (a) All the agreements or
instruments herein defined shall mean such agreements or instruments as the same
may from time to time be supplemented or amended or the terms thereof waived or
modified to the extent permitted by, and in accordance with, the terms thereof
and of this Note.
(b) The following terms shall have the following meanings
(such meanings to be equally applicable to both the singular and plural forms of
the terms defined):
"Acceleration Percentage" means with respect to the date of
payment of the outstanding principal amount and interest on this Note as
adjusted pursuant to the formula set forth in the last paragraph of Article IV,
the applicable percentage set forth below determined with respect to such date
as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Date Percentage
---- ----------
<S> <C>
Issuance Date to and including the date which is 89 days
after the Execution Date 112%
90th through 179th day after the Execution Date 114%
180th through 269th day after the Execution Date 116%
On and after the 270th day after the Execution Date 118%
</TABLE>
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<PAGE> 53
"Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
"Affiliate" means, with respect to any Person, any other
Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries,
controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the subject Person,
including, without limitation, an investment fund which has the same investment
advisor as the Holder.
"Aggregated Person" means any person whose beneficial
ownership of shares of Common Stock would be aggregated with the Holder's
beneficial ownership of shares of Common Stock for purposes of Section 13(d) of
the 1934 Act and Regulation 13D-G thereunder.
"AMEX" means the American Stock Exchange, Inc.
"Applicable Rate" means five-and-one-half percent (5.5%) per
annum.
"Bankruptcy Code" means the federal bankruptcy law of the
United States as from time to time in effect (Title 11 of the United States Code
on the date of this Note); and references in this Note to sections of the
Bankruptcy Code in effect on the date of this Note shall refer to comparable
sections of any revised version thereof if section numbering is changed.
"Blackout Period" shall have the meaning provided in the Note
Purchase Agreement.
"Business Day" shall mean any day other than a Saturday,
Sunday or a day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized
or required by law or executive order to remain closed.
"Cash and Cash Equivalent Balances" of the Company at any date
shall be determined from the Company's books maintained in accordance with
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, and shall mean the sum of (1) the cash
owned by the Company on such date and (2) all assets which would on a balance
sheet of the Company prepared as of such date in accordance with Generally
Accepted Accounting Principles be classified as cash or cash equivalents.
"Claim" means the Senior Lender Claims and/or the Holder
Claims, as applicable.
"Collateral" means all items or categories of assets owned by
the Company in which one or more of the Lenders has a security interest.
"Collateral Agent" means First Trust of California, N.A., as
Collateral Agent under the Security Agreement.
"Common Stock" shall mean the Common Stock, $.001 par value,
of the Company or any shares of capital stock of the Company into which such
stock shall be changed or reclassified after the date of original issuance of
this Note.
"Company" shall have the meaning provided in the first
paragraph of this Note.
"Company Certificate" means a certificate of the Company
signed by an Officer.
"Company Notice" means a Company Notice in the form attached
hereto as EXHIBIT J.
"Computed Price" for any date
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<PAGE> 54
(1) during the period commencing on the Issuance Date and
ending on the date which is 119 days after the Execution Date, means
100% of the lowest per share Trading Price during the applicable
Measurement Period in a trade in which neither the Holder nor any
Person acting on behalf of or in concert with the Holder was the
seller; and
(2) on and after the date which is 120 days after the
Execution Date, means 90% of the lowest per share Trading Price during
the applicable Measurement Period in a trade in which neither the
Holder nor any Person acting on behalf of or in concert with the Holder
was the seller;
"Conversion Agent" means Boston EquiServe, Servicing Agent for
BankBoston, N.A., and its successor or such other person who shall be serving as
transfer agent and registrar for the Common Stock and who shall have been
authorized by the Company to act as conversion agent for the Note in accordance
with the Transfer Agent Agreement and the name, address and telephone number of
whom shall have been given to the Holder by notice from the Company.
"Conversion Notice" means a Notice of Conversion of Senior
Subordinated Convertible Note substantially in the form attached hereto as
EXHIBIT A, properly completed and duly executed by the Holder or the Holder's
attorney-in-fact.
"Conversion Price" means on any date the Computed Price for
such date; provided, however, that during the period from the Issuance Date to
and including the date which is 90 days after the Execution Date in no event
shall the Conversion Price be less than $5.50 (subject to equitable adjustment
from time to time on terms reasonably acceptable to the Majority Holders for (i)
stock splits, (ii) stock dividends, (iii) combinations, (iv) capital
reorganizations, (v) issuance to all holders of Common Stock of rights or
warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock at a price per share less than the
Trading Price which would otherwise be applicable, (vi) the distribution by the
Company to all holders of Common Stock of evidences of indebtedness of the
Company or cash (other than regular quarterly cash dividends), (vii) tender
offers by the Company or any subsidiary of the Company or other repurchases of
shares of Common Stock in one or more transactions which, individually or in the
aggregate, result in the purchase of more than 10% of the Common Stock
outstanding and (viii) similar events relating to the Common Stock, in each such
case which occur on or after the Execution Date) regardless of the Conversion
Price otherwise determined in accordance with the terms of this Note.
"Default Interest" shall have the meaning provided in the
first paragraph of this Note.
"Default Rate" means 12 percent per annum (or such lesser rate
equal to the highest rate permitted by applicable law); provided, however, that
if the SEC Effective Date has not occurred on or before the 75th day after the
Issuance Date, the Default Rate shall be 18 percent per annum (or such lesser
rate equal to the highest rate permitted by applicable law) from the Issuance
Date until the SEC Effective Date.
"Enforcement Action" means, with respect to any Lender and
with respect to any Claim of such Lender or any item of Collateral in which such
Lender has or claims a security interest, lien or right of offset, any action,
whether judicial or nonjudicial, to repossess, collect, accelerate, offset,
recoup, give notification to third parties with respect to, sell, dispose of,
foreclose upon, give notice of sale, disposition, or foreclosure with respect
to, or obtain equitable or injunctive relief with respect to, such Claim or
Collateral, including, without limitation, the filing by any Lender of, or the
joining in the filing by any Lender of, an involuntary bankruptcy or insolvency
proceeding against the Company also is an Enforcement Action.
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<PAGE> 55
"Event of Default" shall have the meaning provided in Article
IV.
"Excluded Indebtedness" means (i) Indebtedness which is
outstanding and which would be reflected on a balance sheet of the Company as of
the Execution Date prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting
Principles and (ii) Indebtedness incurred to finance the lease or purchase of
and secured by equipment used in the Company's business the outstanding amount
thereof which does not exceed $5,000,000 during the first year after the
Execution Date, $15,000,000 during the second year after the Execution Date and
$30,000,000 during the third year after the Execution Date.
"Execution Date" means [BEFORE ISSUANCE INSERT DATE OF
EXECUTION AND DELIVERY OF NOTE PURCHASE AGREEMENT], 1997
"Final Conversion Election" means a Holder Notice of Final
Conversion of Senior Subordinated Convertible Note in the form attached hereto
as EXHIBIT K.
"Final Maturity Note" shall mean a promissory note issued by
the Company in the form attached hereto as EXHIBIT M.
"Generally Accepted Accounting Principles" for any Person
means the generally accepted accounting principles and practices applied by such
Person from time to time in the preparation of its audited financial statements.
"Holder" shall have the meaning provided in the first
paragraph of this Note.
"Holder Claims" means any and all present and future "claims"
(used in its broadest sense, as contemplated by and defined in Section 101(5) of
the Bankruptcy Code, but without regard to whether such claim would be
disallowed under the Bankruptcy Code) of the Holder now or hereafter arising or
existing under or relating to the Note Purchase Agreement, this Note and the
Security Agreement, whether joint, several, or joint and several, whether fixed
or indeterminate, due or not yet due, contingent or non-contingent, matured or
unmatured, liquidated or unliquidated, or disputed or undisputed, whether under
a guaranty or a letter of credit, and whether arising under contract, in tort,
by law or otherwise, any interest or fees thereon (including interest or fees
that accrue after the filing of a petition by or against the Company under the
Bankruptcy Code, irrespective of whether allowable under the Bankruptcy Code),
any costs of Enforcement Actions, including reasonable attorneys' fees and
costs, and any prepayment or termination premiums.
"Holder Notice" means a Holder Notice in the form attached
hereto as EXHIBIT K.
"Holder Redemption Notice" shall have the meaning provided in
Section 2.4(b).
"Inconvertibility Days" shall have the meaning provided in
Section 2.4(b).
"Inconvertibility Notice" shall have the meaning provided in
Section 2.4(b).
"Inconvertible Portion" shall have the meaning provided in
Section 2.4(b).
"Indebtedness" as used in reference to any Person means all
indebtedness of such person for borrowed money, the deferred purchase price of
property, goods and services and obligations under leases which are required to
be capitalized in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and
shall include all such indebtedness guaranteed in any manner by such person or
in effect guaranteed by such person through a contingent agreement to purchase
and all indebtedness for the payment or purchase of which such person has
contingently agreed to advance
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<PAGE> 56
or supply funds and all indebtedness secured by mortgage or other lien upon
property owned by such person, although such person has not assumed or become
liable for the payment of such indebtedness, and, for all purposes hereof, such
indebtedness shall be treated as though it has been assumed by such person.
"Interest Payment Dates" shall have the meaning provided in
the first paragraph of this Note.
"Insolvency Event" means any distribution, division or
application, partial or complete, voluntary or involuntary, by operation of law
or otherwise, of all or any part of the property of the Company or the proceeds
thereof to the creditors of the Company, or the readjustment of the Claims,
whether by reason of liquidation, bankruptcy, arrangement, receivership,
assignment for the benefit of creditors or any other action or proceeding
involving the readjustment of all or any part of the Claims, or the application
of the property of the Company to the payment or liquidation thereof, or upon
the dissolution or other winding up of the Company's business.
"Issuance Date" means the date this Note was issued to the
original Holder of this Note.
"Lender" or "Lenders" means either of the Senior Lender and
the Holder.
"Majority Holders" means at any time the holders of this Note
and the Other Notes which hold Notes and Other Notes which, based on the
original principal amount thereof, represent a majority of the original
aggregate principal amount of this Note and the Other Notes, whether or not
outstanding at such time.
"Mandatory Redemption Period" shall have the meaning provided
in Section 2.4(b).
"Mandatory Redemption Waiver" means a Mandatory Redemption
Waiver in the form attached hereto as EXHIBIT G.
"Market Price" of any security on any date shall mean the last
reported sale price of such security on such date on Nasdaq or such other
securities exchange or other market on which such security is listed for trading
which constitutes the principal securities market for such security, as reported
by Nasdaq or such exchange or other market.
"Maturity Date" shall have the meaning provided in the first
paragraph of this Note.
"Maximum Share Amount" means [INSERT PRO RATA PORTION OF
3,475,000] shares (such amount to be subject to equitable adjustment from time
to time on terms reasonably acceptable to the Holder for (i) stock splits, (ii)
stock dividends, (iii) combinations, (iv) capital reorganizations, (v) issuance
to all holders of Common Stock of rights or warrants to purchase shares of
Common Stock at a price per share less than the Trading Price which would
otherwise be applicable, (vi) the distribution by the Company to all holders of
Common Stock of evidences of indebtedness of the Company or cash (other than
regular quarterly cash dividends), (vii) tender offers by the Company or any
subsidiary of the Company or other repurchases of shares of Common Stock in one
or more transactions which, individually or in the aggregate, result in the
purchase of more than 10% of the Common Stock outstanding and (viii) similar
events relating to the Common Stock, in each such case which occur on or after
the Execution Date) of Common Stock.
"Measurement Period" means, (1) with respect to any date
during the period commencing on the Execution Date and ending on the date which
is 119 days after the Execution
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<PAGE> 57
Date, the period of nine (9) consecutive Trading Days ending one Trading Day
prior to such date; and (2) with respect to any date on or after the date which
is 120 days after the Execution Date, the period of twelve (12) consecutive
Trading Days ending one Trading Day prior to such date.
"MMC/GATX Loan Agreement" means the Loan and Security
Agreement, dated as of May 7, 1997, between the Senior Lender and the Company,
as amended.
"NASD" means the National Association of Securities Dealers,
Inc.
"Nasdaq" means the Nasdaq National Market.
"1934 Act" shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.1.
"Net Cash and Cash Equivalent Balances" means at any time the
Company's Cash and Cash Equivalent Balances less the sum of (1) the amount of
any outstanding Indebtedness of any Person which is secured in whole or in part
by Cash and Cash Equivalent Balances plus (2) the maximum amount which is not
outstanding and which may be borrowed pursuant to any revolving credit facility
or any commitment to lend of or to any Person which at the time it becomes
outstanding will be secured in whole or in part by Cash and Cash Equivalent
Balances.
"Note" shall have the meaning provided in Section 9.3.
"Noteholder Collateral Account" means the "Collateral Account"
as defined in the Security Agreement.
"Note Purchase Agreement" shall mean the Note Purchase
Agreement, dated as of June 30, 1997, by and between the Company and the
original Holder of this Note.
"NYSE" shall mean the New York Stock Exchange, Inc.
"Officer" means the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive
Officer, the President, any Senior Vice President or the Chief Financial Officer
of the Company.
"Optional Redemption Date" means any Business Day on or after
[INSERT DATE WHICH IS 18 MONTHS AFTER EXECUTION OF NOTE PURCHASE
AGREEMENT], 1998.
"Optional Redemption Notice" means an Optional Redemption
Notice in the form attached hereto as EXHIBIT H.
"Optional Redemption Price" means an amount in cash equal to
the sum of (1) the product obtained by multiplying (A) the sum of (i) the
portion of the outstanding principal amount of this Note to be redeemed by the
Company as set forth in an Optional Redemption Notice plus (ii) accrued and
unpaid interest on such principal amount to the Optional Redemption Date times
(B) 130% plus (2) accrued and unpaid Default Interest, if any, on the amount
referred to in the immediately preceding clause (1)(A)(ii) at the rate provided
in this Note to the Optional Redemption Date. The Optional Redemption Price
shall be adjusted to reflect the reduced outstanding principal amount of the
Note and related accrued interest on the Optional Redemption Date resulting from
any permitted conversions of the Note after the Optional Redemption Notice is
given.
"Other Notes" means the several Senior Subordinated
Convertible Notes issued pursuant to the Other Note Purchase Agreements.
"Other Note Purchase Agreements" means the several Note
Purchase Agreements,
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<PAGE> 58
dated as of the date of the Note Purchase Agreement, between the Company and the
several buyers named therein.
"Payment Shares" shall mean the shares of Common Stock issued
or to be issued by the Company in payment of interest on this Note in accordance
with Section 1.1.
"Person" means an individual, partnership, corporation, trust
or incorporated organization, and a government or a governmental agency or
political subdivision.
"Pooling Standards" means Opinion No. 16 of the Accounting
Principles Board (or any successor accounting standard of the Financial
Accounting Standards Board) and any applicable requirements of the SEC relating
to pooling of interests accounting for business combination transactions, in
each case as in effect from time to time.
"Redemption Date" means a date on which the Company is
required to redeem all or any portion of this Note as provided in Section 2.4.
"Redemption Percentage" means with respect to each Redemption
Date, the applicable percentage set forth below determined with respect to such
date as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Redemption Date Percentage
--------------- ----------
<S> <C>
Issuance Date to and including the date which is 89 days
after the Execution Date 112%
90th through 179th day after the Execution Date 114%
180th through 269th day after the Execution Date 116%
On and after the 270th day after the Execution Date 118%
</TABLE>
"Redemption Price" means an amount in cash equal to the sum of
(1) the product obtained by multiplying (A) the sum of (i) the principal amount
of this Note to be redeemed on a particular Redemption Date plus (ii) accrued
and unpaid interest on such principal amount to such Redemption Date times (B)
the applicable Redemption Percentage plus (2) accrued and unpaid Default
Interest, if any, on the amount referred to in the immediately preceding clause
(1)(A)(ii) at the rate provided in this Note to such Redemption Date.
"Registration Restriction Inconvertibility" shall have the
meaning provided in Section 2.4(b).
"Registration Statement" means the Registration Statement
required to be filed by the Company with the SEC pursuant to Section 8(a) of the
Note Purchase Agreement.
"Repurchase Event" means the occurrence of any one or more of
the following events:
(a) For any period of five consecutive Trading Days following
the date hereof there shall be no reported sale price of the Common
Stock on any of Nasdaq, the NYSE or the AMEX;
(b) The Common Stock ceases to be listed for trading on
Nasdaq, the NYSE or the AMEX;
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<PAGE> 59
(c) Any consolidation or merger of the Company or any
subsidiary of the Company with or into another entity or other business
combination transaction involving the Company or any subsidiary of the
Company (other than a merger or consolidation of a subsidiary of the
Company into the Company or a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company)
where the shareholders of the Company immediately prior to such
transaction do not collectively own at least 51% of the outstanding
voting securities of the surviving corporation of such consolidation or
merger immediately following such transaction; or the sale of all or
substantially all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries;
(d) The adoption of any amendment to the Company's Certificate
of Incorporation (other than any certificate designating a series of
preferred stock of the Company) which materially and adversely affects
the rights of the Holder in respect of its interest in the Common Stock
in a different and more adverse manner than it affects the rights of
holders of Common Stock generally or the taking of any other action
which materially and adversely affects the rights of the Holder;
(e) The inability of the Holder for (x) (i) 20 days (whether
or not consecutive) or (ii) if in accordance with Section 8(b)(5)(B) of
the Note Purchase Agreement the Company elects a Blackout Period of up
to 30 consecutive days, such greater number of days as shall equal the
number of days the Blackout Period so elected is in effect (but in no
event more than 30 days), in either the case of such clause (i) or such
clause (ii) during the period commencing on the SEC Effective Date and
ending on the first anniversary of the Issuance Date or (y) 60 days
(whether or not consecutive) during the period from the SEC Effective
Date to the Maturity Date, to sell shares of Common Stock issued upon
conversion of this Note pursuant to the Registration Statement required
to be filed by the Company pursuant to the Note Purchase Agreement (1)
by reason of the requirements of the Act, the 1934 Act or any of the
rules or regulations under either thereof or (2) due to the
Registration Statement containing any untrue statement of material fact
or omitting to state a material fact required to be stated therein or
necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or other
failure of the Registration Statement to comply with the rules and
regulations of the SEC; or
(f) The occurrence of any Event of Default specified in
Article IV of this Note.
"Repurchase Percentage" means with respect to the date of
repurchase following a Repurchase Event pursuant to Section 5.1 and Section 5.2,
the applicable percentage set forth below determined with respect to such date
as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Date Percentage
---- ----------
<S> <C>
Issuance Date to and including the date which is 89 days
after the Execution Date 112%
90th through 179th day after the Execution Date 114%
180th through 269th day after the Execution Date 116%
On and after the 270th day after the Execution Date 118%
</TABLE>
"Repurchase Price" means an amount equal to the sum of (1) the
product obtained by multiplying the outstanding principal amount of this Note to
be repurchased pursuant to Sections 5.1 and 5.2 times the applicable Repurchase
Percentage plus (2) accrued and unpaid interest on such principal amount to the
date of such repurchase plus (3) accrued and unpaid Default Interest, if any, on
the amount referred to in the immediately preceding clause (1)(B) at the
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<PAGE> 60
rate provided in this Note to the date of repurchase.
"SEC" means the Securities and Exchange Commission.
"SEC Effective Date" means the date on which the Registration
Statement is first declared effective by the SEC.
"Security Agreement" shall mean the Pledge and Security
Agreement, dated as of _________________, 1997, by and between the Company and
the Collateral Agent.
"Senior Indebtedness" shall have the meaning provided in
EXHIBIT I hereto.
"Senior Lender" means MMC/GATX Partnership No. I, a California
general partnership.
"Senior Lender Claims" means any and all present and future
"claims" (used in its broadest sense, as contemplated by and defined in Section
101(5) of the Bankruptcy Code, but without regard to whether such claim would be
disallowed under the Bankruptcy Code) of the Senior Lender now or hereafter
arising or existing under or relating to the MMC/GATX Loan Agreement, whether
joint, several, or joint and several, whether fixed or indeterminate, due or not
yet due, contingent or non-contingent, matured or unmatured, liquidated or
unliquidated, or disputed or undisputed, whether under a guaranty or a letter of
credit, and whether arising under contract, in tort, by law, or otherwise, any
interest or fees thereon (including interest or fees that accrue after the
filing of a petition by or against the Company under the Bankruptcy Code,
irrespective of whether allowable under the Bankruptcy Code), any costs of
Enforcement Actions, including reasonable attorneys' fees and costs, and any
prepayment or termination premiums.
"Shares" means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon
conversion of the Note and the Payment Shares.
"Standstill Notice Date" means the date on which the Senior
Lender receives from either the Company or the Holder written notice of (i) the
occurrence of an Event of Default or (ii) the Company's receipt of a Holder
Notice or a Holder Redemption Notice, as the case may be, such notice to be
given to the Senior Lender in accordance with Section 9.2.
"Standstill Period" means the period commencing on the date an
Event of Default occurs or the Holder gives a Holder Notice or a Holder
Redemption Notice to the Company and ending at 12:00 noon, New York City time,
on the fifth Business Day after the Standstill Notice Date; provided, however,
that if prior to 12:00 noon, New York City time, on such fifth Business Day (i)
the outstanding Senior Lender Claims are paid in full, the Standstill Period
shall end at the time of such payment or (ii) the Senior Lender shall have
accelerated all outstanding Senior Lender Claims and declared the same to be
immediately due and payable and shall have provided notice of such acceleration
to the Holder, the Standstill Period shall end when such Senior Lender Claims
are paid in full.
"Stock Payment Option" shall have the meaning provided in
Section 1.1(a).
"Stockholder Approval" means the approval by a majority of the
votes cast by the holders of shares of Common Stock (in person or by proxy) at a
meeting of the stockholders of the Company (duly convened at which a quorum was
present), or a written consent of holders of shares of Common Stock entitled to
such number of votes given without a meeting, of the issuance by the Company of
20% or more of the outstanding Common Stock of the Company for less than the
greater of the book or market value of such Common Stock on conversion of the
Note and the Other Notes, as and to the extent required under Rule 4460(i) of
Nasdaq (or any successor or
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<PAGE> 61
replacement provision thereof).
"Tender Offer" means a tender offer or exchange offer.
"Trading Day" means a day on which either the national
securities exchange or Nasdaq which then constitutes the principal securities
market for the Common Stock is open for general trading.
"Trading Price" on any date means the lowest sale price
(regular way) for one share of the Common Stock on such date, on the first
applicable among the following: (a) the national securities exchange on which
the shares of Common Stock are listed which constitutes the principal securities
market for the Common Stock or (b) Nasdaq, in either case as reported by
Bloomberg, L.P. (subject to equitable adjustment from time to time on terms
reasonably acceptable to the Majority Holders for (i) stock splits, (ii) stock
dividends, (iii) combinations, (iv) capital reorganizations, (v) issuance to all
holders of Common Stock of rights or warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock
at a price per share less than the Trading Price which would otherwise be
applicable, (vi) the distribution by the Company to all holders of Common Stock
of evidences of indebtedness of the Company or cash (other than regular
quarterly cash dividends), (vii) tender offers by the Company or any subsidiary
of the Company or other repurchases of shares of Common Stock in one or more
transactions which, individually or in the aggregate, result in the purchase of
more than 10% of the Common Stock outstanding and (viii) similar events relating
to the Common Stock, in each such case which occur on or after the Execution
Date); provided, however, that if on any Trading Day there shall be no reported
sale price (regular way) of such security, the "Trading Price" on such Trading
Day shall be the lowest sale price (regular way) of such security on the Trading
Day next preceding such Trading Day on which a sale price (regular way) for such
security has been so reported.
"Transaction Documents" means this Note, the Note Purchase
Agreement, the Final Maturity Note, the Security Agreement and the other
agreements, instruments and documents contemplated hereby and thereby.
"Transfer Agent Agreement" means the Transfer Agent Agreement
by and among the Company, the Conversion Agent and the original holder of this
Note and the Other Notes.
ARTICLE VIII
SUBORDINATION
8.1 SUBORDINATION. If any Holder Claims are outstanding and
there shall occur an Event of Default or the Holder shall have given the Company
a Holder Notice or a Holder Redemption Notice, then during the applicable
Standstill Period, no payments shall be made in respect of the Holder Claims
other than from, or from the proceeds of, the Collateral under the Security
Agreement. During such Standstill Period, the Holder shall be prohibited from
taking any Enforcement Action other than an Enforcement Action which constitutes
the exercise of any right or remedy with respect to the Collateral under the
Security Agreement; provided, however, that if the Holder had initiated an
Enforcement Action prior to the commencement of a Standstill Period at a time
when it was permitted to do so, then the Holder shall not be prevented during
such Standstill Period from taking any steps with respect to such pending
Enforcement Action as are required by law or are reasonably required to avoid
material prejudice to its rights. If at or before 12:00 noon, New York City
time, on the fifth Business Day of a Standstill Period the Senior Lender shall
have declared all outstanding Senior Lender Claims to be immediately due and
payable and shall have provided written notice of such acceleration to the
Holder, no payment shall be made in respect of the Holder Claims until such
Standstill Period has expired, except as otherwise permitted by this
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Section 8.1 with respect to the Collateral under the Security Agreement. If the
Senior Lender does not so accelerate the Senior Lender Claims at or before 12:00
noon, New York City time, on the fifth Business Day of such Standstill Period or
provide notice thereof to the Holder at or before 12:00 noon, New York City
time, on the fifth Business Day of such Standstill Period, or if the Senior
Lender cancels or withdraws such acceleration at any time during such Standstill
Period, the Company shall thereupon no longer be prohibited from making any
payment pursuant to this Section 8.1 and shall thereupon pay the Holder in
accordance with the terms of this Note the amount of all Holder Claims due by
reason of the applicable Event of Default, Holder Notice or Holder Redemption
Notice.
8.2 INSOLVENCY EVENTS. In the event of any Insolvency Event,
then, and in any such event, (a) all payments and distributions of any kind or
character, whether in cash or property or securities in respect of the Lenders'
Claims shall be distributed as between the Senior Lender and the Holder as
follows:
(i) first, (i) solely out of the assets of the Company
constituting Collateral of the Senior Lender at such time under the
terms of the MMC/GATX Loan Agreement to the extent the Senior Lender
has a security interest therein, to the Senior Lender in an amount up
to the amount of the Senior Lender Claims, and (ii) solely out of the
assets of the Company constituting Collateral of the Collateral Agent
at such time under the Security Agreement to the extent the Collateral
Agent has a security interest therein, ratably to the Holder and the
holders of the Other Notes;
(ii) second, out of all remaining assets of the Company, if
any, to the Senior Lender in an amount up to the amount of the Senior
Lender Claims; and
(iii) third, out of all remaining assets of the Company, if
any, ratably to the Holder and the holders of the Other Notes; and
(b) the Holder shall promptly file a claim or claims, on the
form required in such proceeding, for the full outstanding amount of the
Holder's Claim, and shall use its best efforts to cause said claim or claims to
be approved and the Holder hereby irrevocably agrees that if the Holder fails to
do so within ten days after written notice of such failure from the Senior
Lender to the Holder, the Senior Lender shall have the right, in the name of the
Holder, or otherwise, to prove up any and all of the Holder's claims relating to
the Holder Claims.
8.3 RETURN OF PAYMENTS. If, notwithstanding the foregoing, the
Company shall make any payment to the Holder which is prohibited by the
provisions of Section 8.1, then the Holder shall segregate such payment and hold
it in trust for the benefit of the Senior Lender and shall immediately at the
direction of the Senior Lender either pay it over to the Senior Lender or return
the payment to the Company.
8.4 SUBROGATION. Subject to the payment in full of the Senior
Lender Claims, the rights of the Holder shall be subrogated to the extent of the
payments or distributions made to the Senior Lender pursuant to the provisions
of this Article to the rights of the Senior Lender to receive payments or
distributions of cash, property or securities of the Company applicable to the
Senior Lender Claims until the principal of and interest on this Note and all
other Holder Claims shall be paid in full; and, for the purposes of such
subrogation, no payments or distributions to the Senior Lender of any cash,
property or securities to which the Holder would be entitled except for the
provisions of this Article, and no payment over pursuant to the provisions of
this Article, to or for the benefit of the Senior Lender by the Holder, shall,
as between the Company, its creditors other than the Senior Lender, and the
Holder, be deemed to be a payment by the Company to or on account of the Senior
Lender Claims; and no payments or distributions of cash, property or securities
to or for the benefit of the Holder pursuant to the subrogation provisions of
this Article,
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which would otherwise have been paid to the Senior Lender shall be deemed to be
a payment by the Company to or for the account of the Holder Claims.
8.5 CONVERSION; STOCK PAYMENT OPTION. The provisions of this
Article VIII shall not restrict or limit the Company's right to make payments
pursuant to the Stock Payment Option or the Company's obligation to convert this
Note in accordance with Section 2.1.
ARTICLE IX
MISCELLANEOUS
9.1 FAILURE OR INDULGENCY NOT WAIVER. No failure or delay on
the part of the Holder in the exercise of any power, right or privilege
hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial
exercise of any such power, right or privilege preclude other or further
exercise thereof or of any other right, power or privileges. All rights and
remedies existing hereunder are cumulative to, and not exclusive of, any rights
or remedies otherwise available.
9.2 NOTICES. Except as otherwise specifically provided herein,
any notice herein required or permitted to be given shall be in writing and may
be personally served, sent by telephone line facsimile transmission or delivered
by courier or sent by United States mail and shall be deemed to have been given
upon receipt if personally served, sent by telephone line facsimile transmission
or sent by courier or three (3) days after being deposited in the United States
mail, certified, with postage pre-paid and properly addressed, if sent by mail.
For the purposes hereof, the address of the Holder shall be as shown on the
records of the Company (telephone line facsimile transmission number (___)
___-____); the address of the Company shall be 213 East Grand Avenue, South San
Francisco, California 94080, Attention: President and Chief Executive Officer
(telephone line facsimile transmission number (415) 873-8367); and the address
of the Senior Lender shall be MMC/GATX Partnership No. I, c/o GATX Capital
Corporation, Four Embarcadero Center, Suite 2200, San Francisco, California
94111, Attention: Contract Administration (telephone line facsimile transmission
number (415) 955-3493). The Holder, the Company and the Senior Lender may change
their respective addresses for service of notices by service of written notice
to both of such other entities as herein provided.
9.3 AMENDMENT PROVISION. The term "Note" and all reference
thereto, as used throughout this instrument, shall mean this instrument as
originally executed, or if later amended or supplemented, then as so amended or
supplemented. Neither this Note or any Other Note nor the Security Agreement nor
any terms hereof or thereof may be changed, waived, discharged or terminated
unless such change, waiver, discharge or termination is in writing signed by the
Majority Holders (and, in the case of (1) any change in the provisions of
Article VIII or the definitions of Bankruptcy Code, Claim, Collateral,
Enforcement Action, Holder Claims, Insolvency Event, Lender, Noteholder
Collateral Account, Senior Lender, Senior Lender Claims and Standstill Period,
or any waiver with respect thereto, (2) any increase in the principal amount of
this Note or (3) any shortening of the maturity of this Note by changing the
stated maturity date hereof or otherwise amending this Note to accelerate the
date on which any principal amount is scheduled to be repaid, the prior written
consent of the Senior Lender is obtained), provided that no such change, waiver,
discharge or termination shall, without the consent of the Holder and the
holders of the Other Notes affected thereby, (i) extend the scheduled final
maturity of this Note or any Other Note, or reduce the rate or extend the time
of payment of interest (other than as a result of waiving the applicability of
any post-default increase in interest rates) hereon or thereon or reduce the
principal amount hereof or thereof or the Redemption Price or Repurchase Price,
(ii) release the collateral or reduce the amount of collateral required to be
deposited or maintained by the Company pursuant to the Security Agreement except
as expressly provided in the Security Agreement, (iii) amend, modify or waive
any provision of this Section 9.3, (iv) reduce any
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percentage specified in, or otherwise modify, the definition of Majority Holders
or (v) except as provided in this Note, change the method of calculating the
Conversion Price.
9.4 ASSIGNABILITY. This Note shall be binding upon the Company
and its successors and permitted assigns, and shall inure to the benefit of and
be binding upon the Holder and its successors and permitted assigns.
9.5 CERTAIN EXPENSES. The Company shall pay on demand all
reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Holder, including reasonable
attorneys' fees and expenses, as a consequence of, or in connection with, (x)
any default or breach of any of the Company's obligations set forth in the
Transaction Documents and (y) the enforcement or restructuring of any right of,
including the collection of any payments due, the Holder under the Transaction
Documents, including any action or proceeding relating to such enforcement or
any order, injunction or other process seeking to restrain the Company from
paying any amount due the Holder.
9.6 GOVERNING LAW. This Note shall be governed by the internal
laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflict of
laws.
9.7 TRANSFER OF NOTE. This Note has not been and is not being
registered under the provisions of the Act or any state securities laws and this
Note may not be transferred unless (1) the transferee is an Affiliate or pledgee
of the Holder, (2) the transferee is an "accredited investor" as defined in
Regulation D under the Act and (3) the Holder shall have delivered to the
Company an opinion of counsel, reasonably satisfactory in form, scope and
substance to the Company, to the effect that this Note may be sold or
transferred pursuant to an exemption from such registration. Prior to any such
transfer, such transferee shall (x) have made written representations and
warranties to and covenants with the Company with respect to such transferee in
the form of Sections 3(a), 3(c), 5(a) and 5(b) of the Note Purchase Agreement,
and (y) shall have further represented in writing to the Company that such
transferee has requested and received from the Company all information relating
to the business, properties, operations, condition (financial or other), results
of operations or prospects of the Company deemed relevant by such transferee;
that such transferee has been afforded the opportunity to ask questions of the
Company concerning the foregoing and has had the opportunity to obtain and
review the Registration Statement and the prospectus included therein, each as
amended or supplemented to the date of transfer to such transferee, and the
reports and other information concerning the Company which at the time of such
transfer have been filed by the Company with the SEC pursuant to the 1934 Act
and which are incorporated by reference in such prospectus as of the date of
such transfer. Upon the transferee's compliance with its obligations in the
immediately preceding sentence, the Company shall make written covenants with
such transferee in the form of Sections 5(a) and 5(b) of the Note Purchase
Agreement.
9.8 ENFORCEABLE OBLIGATION. The Company represents and
warrants that at the time of the original issuance of this Note it received the
full purchase price payable pursuant to the Note Purchase Agreement in an amount
at least equal to the original principal amount of this Note, and that this Note
is an enforceable obligation of the Company which is not subject to any offset,
reduction, counterclaim or disallowance of any sort.
9.9 CERTAIN AMOUNTS. Whenever pursuant to this Note the
Company is required to pay an amount in excess of the outstanding principal
amount (or the portion thereof required to be paid at that time) plus accrued
and unpaid interest plus Default Interest on such interest, the Company and the
Holder agree that the actual damages to the Holder from the receipt of cash
payment on this Note may be difficult to determine and the amount to be so paid
by the Company represents stipulated damages and not a penalty and is intended
to compensate the Holder in part for loss of the opportunity to convert this
Note and to earn a return from the sale of
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shares of Common Stock acquired upon conversion of this Note at a price in
excess of the price paid for such shares pursuant to this Note. The Company and
the Holder hereby agree that such amount of stipulated damages is not plainly
disproportionate to the possible loss to the Holder from the receipt of a cash
payment without the opportunity to convert this Note into shares of Common
Stock.
9.10 REPLACEMENT OF NOTES. Upon receipt by the Company of
evidence reasonably satisfactory to it of the ownership of and the loss, theft,
destruction or mutilation of any Note and (a) in the case of loss, theft or
destruction, of indemnity from the Holder reasonably satisfactory to the Company
or (b) in the case of mutilation, upon surrender and cancellation of the Note,
the Company at its expense will execute and deliver to the Holder a new Note of
like tenor.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Note to be
signed in its name by its duly authorized officer on the day and in the year
first above written.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By:
---------------------------------
Name:
Title:
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EXHIBIT A
NOTICE OF CONVERSION
OF SENIOR SUBORDINATED CONVERTIBLE NOTE
OF SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
TO: Boston EquiServe,
Servicing Agent for BankBoston, N.A.,
as Conversion Agent
150 Royall Street
Canton, Massachusetts 02021
FAX NO: (617) 575-2549
(1) Pursuant to the terms of the Senior Subordinated
Convertible Note due ____________, 2000 (the "Note"), the undersigned hereby
elects to convert $_________________ of the Note, equal to the sum of
$_________________ principal amount of the Note, $________________ of accrued
and unpaid interest on such principal amount and $________________ of Default
Interest on such interest into shares of Common Stock of SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS,
INC., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), at a conversion price per share
equal to $_____________. Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined
herein have the respective meanings provided in the Note.
(2) Please issue a certificate or certificates for
_____________ shares of Common Stock in the name(s) specified immediately below
or, if additional space is necessary, on an attachment hereto:
--------------------- ---------------------
Name Name
--------------------- ---------------------
Address Address
--------------------- ---------------------
SS or Tax ID Number SS or Tax ID Number
Delivery Instructions
for Common Stock:
--------------------------
--------------------------
--------------------------
--------------------------
(3) The Holder hereby represents to the Company that (a) the
exercise of conversion rights contained herein does not violate the provisions
of Section 2.1 of the Note relating to beneficial ownership in excess of 4.9% of
the Common Stock and (b) the conversion
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price set forth in paragraph (1) above is not based on a trade of shares of
Common Stock made by the undersigned or any person acting on behalf of or in
concert with the undersigned.
(4) If the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of
the Note have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the "Act"), the undersigned represents and warrants that (i) such shares of
Common Stock are being acquired for the account of the undersigned for
investment, and not with a view to, or for resale in connection with, the
distribution thereof, and that the undersigned has no present intention of
distributing or reselling such shares and (ii) the undersigned is an "accredited
investor" as defined in Regulation D under the Act. The undersigned further
agrees that (A) such shares shall not be sold or transferred unless either (i)
they first shall have been registered under the Act and applicable state
securities laws or (ii) the Company shall have been furnished with an opinion of
legal counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Company to the effect that such
sale or transfer is exempt from the registration requirements of the Act and (B)
until such shares are registered under the Act, the Company may place a legend
on the certificate(s) for the shares to that effect and place a stop-transfer
restriction in its records relating to the shares.
NAME:
Date _________________________ ______________________________
Signature of Registered Holder
(Must be signed exactly as name
appears in the Note.)
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EXHIBIT B
COMPANY MAXIMUM SHARE ISSUANCE NOTICE
(SECTION 2.4(b) OF SENIOR SUBORDINATED CONVERTIBLE NOTE)
TO: ________________________________
(Name of Holder)
(1) Pursuant to the terms of the Senior Subordinated
Convertible Note due ____________, 2000 (the "Note"), Shaman Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), hereby notifies the above-named
Holder:
On ___________________ (fill in date) a Maximum Share Issuance
occurred. On ___________________ (fill in date) the Company will redeem the
outstanding portion of the Note.
(2) Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined
herein have the respective meanings provided in the Note.
Date _________________________ SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By______________________________
Title:
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<PAGE> 70
EXHIBIT C
HOLDER MAXIMUM SHARE ISSUANCE NOTICE
(SECTION 2.4(b) OF SENIOR SUBORDINATED CONVERTIBLE NOTE)
TO: SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(1) Pursuant to the terms of the Senior Subordinated
Convertible Note due ____________, 2000 (the "Note"), __________ (the "Holder"),
hereby notifies Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the
"Company"):
On ___________________ (fill in date) a Maximum Share Issuance
occurred and the Company is obligated to redeem the outstanding portion of the
Note.
(2) Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined
herein have the respective meanings provided in the Note.
Date _________________________ NAME OF HOLDER:
--------------------------------
By______________________________
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EXHIBIT D
COMPANY INCONVERTIBILITY NOTICE
(SECTION 2.4(b) OF SENIOR SUBORDINATED CONVERTIBLE NOTE)
TO: ________________________________
(Name of Holder)
(1) Pursuant to the terms of the Senior Subordinated
Convertible Note due ____________, 2000 (the "Note"), Shaman Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), hereby notifies the above-named
Holder:
(a) On ___________________ (fill in date) five
Inconvertibility Days had occurred in a period of ten Trading Days and
on such date $_______________ (fill in amount) of principal of the Note
and the related interest, if any, became inconvertible by reason of the
occurrence of five Inconvertibility Days within a period of ten
consecutive Trading Days.
(b) The five Inconvertibility Days covered by this Notice and
the applicable Conversion Price on each such day are as follows:
____________________, 199__ $_____________
____________________, 199__ $_____________
____________________, 199__ $_____________
____________________, 199__ $_____________
____________________, 199__ $_____________
(2) The Inconvertibility Days referred to in this Notice
relate to (check (a) or (b)):
[ ] (a) Maximum Share Amount Inconvertibility
[ ] (b) Registration Restriction Inconvertibility
(3) Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined
herein have the respective meanings provided in the Note.
Date _________________________ SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By______________________________
Title:
D-1
<PAGE> 72
EXHIBIT E
HOLDER INCONVERTIBILITY NOTICE
(SECTION 2.4(b) OF SENIOR SUBORDINATED CONVERTIBLE NOTE)
TO: SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(1) Pursuant to the terms of the Senior Subordinated
Convertible Note due ____________, 2000 (the "Note"), __________ (the "Holder"),
hereby notifies Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the
"Company"):
(a) On ___________________ (fill in date) five
Inconvertibility Days had occurred in a period of ten Trading Days and
on such date $_______________ (fill in amount) of principal of the Note
and the related interest, if any, became inconvertible by reason of the
occurrence of five Inconvertibility Days within a period of ten
consecutive Trading Days.
(b) The five Inconvertibility Days covered by this Notice and
the applicable Conversion Price on each such day are as follows:
____________________, 199__ $_____________
____________________, 199__ $_____________
____________________, 199__ $_____________
____________________, 199__ $_____________
____________________, 199__ $_____________
(2) The Inconvertibility Days referred to in this Notice
relate to (check (a) or (b)):
[ ] (a) Maximum Share Amount Inconvertibility
[ ] (b) Registration Restriction Inconvertibility
(3) If the following date and amounts are completed in this
Notice, the Holder hereby directs the Company to redeem the Note in accordance
with Section 2.4(b) thereof as set forth below:
On (the Redemption Date), the Company shall pay the Holder the
Redemption Price of $ . The Redemption Price is equal to the sum of (1)
the product obtained by multiplying (A) the sum of the $ principal
amount of the Note to be redeemed plus (ii) $ of accrued and unpaid
interest on such principal amount times (B) % (the Redemption
Percentage) plus (2) $ of accrued and unpaid Default Interest.
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<PAGE> 73
(4) Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined
herein have the respective meanings provided in the Note.
Date _________________________ NAME OF HOLDER:
--------------------------------
By______________________________
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<PAGE> 74
EXHIBIT F
HOLDER REDEMPTION NOTICE
TO: SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(1) Pursuant to the terms of the Senior Subordinated
Convertible Note due ____________, 2000 (the "Note"), ____________ (the
"Holder") hereby notifies Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the "Company"), that the Holder is exercising its right to require the Company
to redeem the Note or a portion thereof in accordance with Section 2.4(b) of the
Note as set forth below:
On (the Redemption Date), the Company shall pay the Holder the
Redemption Price of $ . The Redemption Price is equal to the sum of (1)
the product obtained by multiplying (A) the sum of the $ principal
amount of the Note to be redeemed plus (ii) $ of accrued and unpaid
interest on such principal amount times (B) % (the Redemption
Percentage) plus (2) $ of accrued and unpaid Default Interest.
(2) Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined
herein have the respective meanings provided in the Note.
Date _________________________ NAME OF HOLDER:
---------------------------------
By _____________________________
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<PAGE> 75
EXHIBIT G
MANDATORY REDEMPTION WAIVER
Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the
"Company"), and the undersigned holder (the "Holder") of the Company's Senior
Subordinated Convertible Note due ____________, 2000 (the "Note") hereby agree
as follows:
1. The Company's or the Holder's Inconvertibility Notice given
on __________________ (the "Waiver Commencement Date"), if any, is hereby
rescinded and the Note shall not be redeemed pursuant to Section 2.4 of the Note
by reason of such Inconvertibility Notice or any inconvertibility of the Note
which may arise pursuant to Section 2.4 of the Note during the period ending on
the date set forth below in this Section 1 (the "Waiver Period").
Date for end of Waiver Period: ______________, 199__
2. In the event of a Registration Restriction
Inconvertibility, promptly, but in no event later than the date which is 15 days
after the date of this Mandatory Redemption Waiver, the Company shall file a
Registration Statement with the SEC relating to the resale by the Holder of the
number of Registrable Securities (as defined in the Note Purchase Agreement) set
forth below in this Section 2, which Registration Statement may be constituted
in any manner which does not have the effect of suspending or terminating the
effectiveness of any and all Registration Statements filed by the Company
pursuant to Section 8(b)(1) of the Note Purchase Agreement or otherwise with
respect to the Registrable Securities which names the Holder as a selling
stockholder, and shall thereafter use its best efforts to obtain effectiveness
of such Registration Statement. Such Registration Statement shall in all
respects be deemed a Registration Statement (as defined in the Note).
Number of Registrable Securities: ______________________________
3. If the Company shall default in the performance of its
obligations set forth herein, this Mandatory Redemption Waiver shall cease to be
of further force and effect and the rights, liabilities and obligations of the
parties shall be restored to those which would have existed in the absence of
this Mandatory Redemption Waiver.
4. This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State
of New York. Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein
shall have the respective meanings provided in the Note.
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<PAGE> 76
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this
Agreement to be duly executed by their respective officers or other
representatives thereunto duly authorized as of the respective dates set forth
below.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By __________________________________
Title:
Date: ________________________________
NAME OF HOLDER:
--------------------------------------
By __________________________________
Title:
Date: ________________________________
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<PAGE> 77
EXHIBIT H
OPTIONAL REDEMPTION NOTICE
TO: ________________________________
(Name of Holder)
(1) Pursuant to the terms of the Senior Subordinated
Convertible Note due ____________, 2000 (the "Note"), Shaman Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), hereby notifies the above-named
Holder that the Company is exercising its right to redeem the Note in accordance
with Section 1.2 of the Note as set forth below:
(i) The principal amount of the Note to be redeemed is
$_____________.
(ii) The Optional Redemption Price is $_______________.
(iii) The Optional Redemption Date is ______________.
(2) The Company represents and warrants that on the date of
this Notice it has, and on the Optional Redemption Date it will have, Cash and
Cash Equivalent Balances (excluding investment securities) which are and will be
sufficient, after taking into account the Company's cash requirements during the
period from the date of this Notice to the Optional Redemption Date, to pay the
Optional Redemption Price and the redemption prices of all Other Notes being
redeemed contemporaneously with this redemption.
(3) Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined
herein have the respective meanings provided in the Note.
Date _________________________ SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By _____________________________
Title:
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<PAGE> 78
EXHIBIT I
SUBORDINATION OF INDEBTEDNESS
Any Indebtedness (other than Excluded Indebtedness) to be
issued as permitted by Section 3.1 of the Note shall contain the following
provisions and no provision inconsistent with the following provisions:
ARTICLE __ - SUBORDINATION
Section _.1 Agreement of Subordination. The Company covenants
and agrees, and each holder of the indebtedness created by this instrument (this
"Indebtedness") by its acceptance hereof or thereof covenants and agrees,
expressly for the benefit of holders of Senior Indebtedness, that this
Indebtedness shall be issued subject to the provisions of this Article; and each
person holding this Indebtedness, whether upon original issue or upon transfer,
assignment or exchange thereof, accepts and agrees to be bound by such
provisions.
The payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest
on this Indebtedness shall, to the extent and in the manner hereinafter set
forth, be subordinated and subject in right of payment to the prior payment in
full of all Senior Indebtedness.
No provision of this Article shall prevent the occurrence of
any default or event of default with respect to this Indebtedness.
Section _.2 Payments to Holders of this Indebtedness. (a) In
the event and during the continuation of any (1) Event of Default (as defined in
the Notes), (2) Repurchase Event (as defined in the Notes), (3) absence of SEC
registration under the circumstances provided in Section 5.3 of the Note or (4)
circumstance specified in Section 2.4 of any Note which results in any portion
of such Note becoming inconvertible, then, unless and until (x) such default
shall have been cured or waived or shall have ceased to exist, (y) holders of
the Notes shall no longer be entitled to exercise their repurchase rights
pursuant to Article V of the Notes following such Repurchase Event (or such
rights have been waived) or (z) the Company shall have redeemed such portions of
any Note as required by Section 2.4(b) of such Note, as the case may be, no
payment shall be made by the Company with respect to the principal of or,
premium, if any, or interest on this Indebtedness.
(b) A "Reorganization" shall include and mean any dissolution,
winding up, total or partial liquidation or reorganization of the Company, or
any similar transaction resulting in distributions of cash, securities or other
property ("Distributions") to creditors generally, whether voluntary or
involuntary or in bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other proceedings.
(c) Upon any Reorganization, all amounts due or to become due
upon all Senior Indebtedness shall first be paid in full, or payment thereof
provided for in money in accordance with its terms, before any Distribution is
made to, for, or on account of this Indebtedness or any portion thereof
(including without limitation any Distribution in connection with a payment of
principal, interest or premium or the repurchase or any portion of this
Indebtedness).
(d) Upon any Reorganization, all Distributions on account of
this Indebtedness shall be made by the Company or by any receiver, trustee in
bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent, assignee for the benefit of creditors or
other person making such Distribution directly to the holders of Senior
Indebtedness (pro rata to such holders on the basis of the respective amounts of
Senior Indebtedness held by such holders, or as otherwise required by law or a
court order or the terms of any subordination as between or among such Senior
Indebtedness) or their respective
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<PAGE> 79
representative or representatives, as their respective interests may appear, to
the extent necessary to pay all Senior Indebtedness in full after giving effect
to any concurrent payment or distribution to or for the holders of Senior
Indebtedness, before any Distribution is made on account of this Indebtedness.
(e) Distributions other than cash, when made on account of
Senior Indebtedness as aforesaid, shall not be credited towards the payment of
such Senior Indebtedness until such Distributions are liquidated or otherwise
converted to cash and such cash is received by the holders of such Senior
Indebtedness, with such liquidation and conversion to be conducted by each
holder of Senior Indebtedness at its sole and absolute discretion.
(f) In the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, upon a
Reorganization or Distribution on account of this Indebtedness is received by a
holder thereof from the Company (including without limitation by way of set-off)
or from the holder (or indenture trustee or other representative) of any
indebtedness subordinated to this Indebtedness, such Distribution shall be held
by the recipient or recipients thereof in trust for the benefit of, and shall be
paid over or delivered to, the holders of Senior Indebtedness, or their
respective representative or representatives, in the same manner and fashion as
the Company is obligated to make the same under paragraphs (d) and (e) above.
(g) In the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, any
payment or distribution of assets of the Company of any kind or character,
whether in cash, property or securities (including, without limitation, by way
of set-off or otherwise), prohibited by the foregoing, shall be received by any
holder of this Indebtedness before all Senior Indebtedness is paid in full, or
provision is made for such payment in accordance with its terms, such payment or
distribution shall be held by the recipient or recipients in trust for the
benefit of, and shall be paid over or delivered to, the holders of Senior
Indebtedness or their respective representative or representatives, as their
respective interests may appear, as calculated by the Company, for application
to the payment of all Senior Indebtedness remaining unpaid to the extent
necessary to pay all Senior Indebtedness in full in accordance with its terms,
after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution (or provision
therefor) to or for the holders of such Senior Indebtedness.
(h) Except as shall be specifically prohibited by this Section
_.2, nothing contained in this Article shall prevent the Company from making any
scheduled payment of principal or interest on this Indebtedness.
Section _.3 Subrogation of this Indebtedness. Subject to the
payment in full of all Senior Indebtedness, the rights of the holders of this
Indebtedness shall be subrogated to the extent of the payments or distributions
made to the holders of such Senior Indebtedness pursuant to the provisions of
this Article (equally and ratably with the holders of all indebtedness of the
Company which by its express terms is subordinated to Senior Indebtedness to
substantially the same extent as this Indebtedness is subordinated and is
entitled to like rights of subrogation) to the rights of the holders of Senior
Indebtedness to receive payments or distributions of cash, property or
securities of the Company applicable to the Senior Indebtedness until the
principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on this Indebtedness shall be
paid in full; and, for the purposes of such subrogation, no payments or
distributions to the holders of the Senior Indebtedness of any cash, property or
securities to which the holders of this Indebtedness would be entitled except
for the provisions of this Article, and no payment over pursuant to the
provisions of this Article, to or for the benefit of the holders of Senior
Indebtedness by holders of this Indebtedness, shall, as between the Company, its
creditors other than holders of Senior Indebtedness, and the holders of this
Indebtedness, be deemed to be a payment by the Company to or on account of the
Senior Indebtedness; and no payments or distributions of cash, property or
securities to or for the benefit of the holders of this Indebtedness pursuant to
the subrogation provisions of this Article, which would otherwise have been paid
to the holders of Senior Indebtedness shall be deemed to be a
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payment by the Company to or for the account of this Indebtedness.
Section _.4 Provisions Solely to Define Relative Rights. It is
understood that the provisions of this Article are and are intended solely for
the purposes of defining the relative rights of the holders of this
Indebtedness, on the one hand, and the holders of the Senior Indebtedness, on
the other hand. Nothing contained in this Article or in the terms of this
Indebtedness is intended to or shall impair, as among the Company, its creditors
other than the holders of Senior Indebtedness, and the holders of this
Indebtedness, the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and
unconditional, to pay to the holders of this Indebtedness the principal of (and
premium, if any) and interest on this Indebtedness as and when the same shall
become due and payable in accordance with its terms, or is intended to or shall
affect the relative rights of the holders of this Indebtedness and creditors of
the Company other than the holders of the Senior Indebtedness, nor shall
anything herein or therein prevent any holder of this Indebtedness from
exercising all remedies otherwise permitted by applicable law upon default under
this Indebtedness, subject to the rights, if any, under this Article of the
holders of Senior Indebtedness in respect of cash, property or securities of the
Company received upon the exercise of any such remedy.
Section _.5 Reliance on Judicial Order or Certificate of
Liquidating Agent. Upon any payment or distribution of assets of the Company
referred to in this Article, the holders of this Indebtedness shall be entitled
to rely upon any order or decree made by any court of competent jurisdiction in
which such bankruptcy, dissolution, winding-up, liquidation or reorganization
proceedings are pending, or a certificate of the receiver, trustee in
bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent or other person making such payment or
distribution, delivered to the holders of this Indebtedness, for the purpose of
ascertaining the persons entitled to participate in such distribution, the
holders of the Senior Indebtedness and other indebtedness of the Company, the
amount thereof or payable thereon, the amount or amounts paid or distributed
thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto or to this Article.
Section _.6 No Impairment of Subordination. No right of any
present or future holder of any Senior Indebtedness to enforce subordination as
herein provided shall at any time in any way be prejudiced or impaired by any
act or failure to act on the part of the Company or by any act or failure to
act, in good faith, by any such holder, or by any noncompliance by the Company
with the terms, provisions and covenants of the Note Purchase Agreement or the
documents, agreements and instruments relating to this Indebtedness, regardless
of any knowledge thereof which any such holder may have or otherwise be charged
with.
Section _.7 Certain Conversions Deemed Payment. If this
Indebtedness is convertible into securities of the Company, for the purposes of
this Article only, (1) the issuance and delivery of junior securities upon
conversion of this Indebtedness in accordance with such conversion rights shall
not be deemed to constitute a payment or distribution on account of the
principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on this Indebtedness or on account
of the purchase or other acquisition of this Indebtedness, and (2) the payment,
issuance or delivery of cash, property or securities (other than junior
securities) upon conversion of this Indebtedness shall be deemed to constitute
payment on account of the principal of this Indebtedness. For the purposes of
this Section, the term "junior securities" means (a) shares of any stock of any
class of the Company, (b) securities of the Company which are subordinated in
right of payment to the Senior Indebtedness which may be outstanding at the time
of issuance or delivery of such securities to substantially the same extent as,
or to a greater extent than, this Indebtedness is so subordinated as provided in
this Article and (c) securities, if any, into which this Indebtedness becomes
convertible in connection with any business combination transaction if so
provided in the terms of this Indebtedness. Nothing contained in this Article or
elsewhere in the terms of this Indebtedness is intended to or shall impair, as
among the Company, its creditors other than holders of Senior Indebtedness and
the holders of this Indebtedness, the right, if any, which is absolute and
54.15.04.04-5 I-3
<PAGE> 81
unconditional, of the holder of this Indebtedness to convert this Indebtedness
in accordance with the terms of this Indebtedness.
Section _.8 Definitions. As used in this Article, the
following terms shall have the following meanings:
Company: The term "Company" means Shaman Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., a Delaware corporation, and shall include its successors and assigns.
Notes: The term "Notes" means the several Senior Subordinated
Convertible Notes, dated ____________, 1997, issued by the Company pursuant to
the several Note Purchase Agreements, dated as of ________ __, 1997, by and
between the Company and the several purchasers named therein.
Senior Indebtedness: The term "Senior Indebtedness" means the
principal of, premium, if any, and interest on (including any interest accruing
after the filing of a petition by or against the Company under any bankruptcy
law, whether or not allowed as a claim after such filing in any proceeding under
such bankruptcy law), and any other payment (including, without limitation, the
Redemption Price (as defined in the Notes), the Repurchase Price (as defined in
the Notes) and the Registration Repurchase Price (as defined in the Notes)), due
pursuant to, any of the following, whether outstanding at the time of issuance
of this Indebtedness or thereafter incurred or created:
(a) the Notes; and
(b) all renewals, extensions, refundings, deferrals,
amendments or modifications of the Notes;
unless in the case of any such renewal, extension, refunding, amendment,
modification or supplement, the instrument or other document creating or
evidencing the same or the assumption or guarantee of the same expressly
provides that such renewal, extension, refunding, amendment, modification or
supplement is not superior in right of payment to, or pari passu with, this
Indebtedness.
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EXHIBIT J
COMPANY NOTICE
(SECTION 5.2(a) OF SENIOR SUBORDINATED CONVERTIBLE NOTE)
TO: ________________________________
(Name of Holder)
(1) A Repurchase Event described in the Senior Subordinated
Convertible Note due ________________, 2000 (the "Note") of Shaman
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), occurred on
___________________. As a result of such Repurchase Event, the Holder is
entitled to exercise its repurchase rights pursuant to Section 5.2 of the Note.
(2) The Holder's repurchase right must be exercised on or
before --------------.
(3) At or before the date set forth in the preceding paragraph
(2), the Holder must:
(a) deliver to the Company a Holder Notice, in the form
attached as EXHIBIT K to the Note; and
(b) the Note, duly endorsed for transfer to the Company of the
portion of the principal amount to be repurchased.
(4) Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined
herein have the respective meanings provided in the Note.
Date _________________________ SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By________________________________
Title:
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<PAGE> 83
EXHIBIT K
HOLDER NOTICE
(SECTION 5.2(b) OF SENIOR SUBORDINATED CONVERTIBLE NOTE)
TO: SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(1) Pursuant to the terms of the Senior Subordinated
Convertible Note due ____________, 2000 (the "Note"), the undersigned Holder
hereby elects to exercise its right to require repurchase by the Company
pursuant to Sections 5.2(a) and 5.2(b) of $________________ of the Note, equal
to the sum of $________________ principal amount of the Note, $________________
of accrued and unpaid interest on such principal amount and $________________ of
Default Interest on such interest at the Repurchase Price provided in the Note.
(2) Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined
herein have the respective meanings provided in the Note.
Date:_____________________ NAME OF HOLDER:
-----------------------------------
By_________________________________
Signature of Registered Holder
(Must be signed exactly as name
appears in the Note.)
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<PAGE> 84
EXHIBIT L
HOLDER NOTICE OF FINAL CONVERSION
OF SENIOR SUBORDINATED CONVERTIBLE NOTE
TO: SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(1) Pursuant to the terms of the Senior Subordinated
Convertible Note due ____________, 2000 (the "Note"), issued by Shaman
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), the undersigned
Holder of the Note hereby elects (check one)
[ ] To convert the principal amount of the Note, accrued and
unpaid interest on such principal amount and Default Interest
on such interest into shares of Common Stock of the Company
which is outstanding on the Maturity Date.
[ ] To receive a Note in the form attached to the Note as EXHIBIT
M in accordance with Section 6.2 of the Note.
(2) In connection with this certificate the Holder hereby
represents to the Company as follows:
(a) If the Holder hereby elects to exercise its conversion
rights, it will not violate the provisions of Section 2.1 of the Note relating
to beneficial ownership in excess of 4.9% of the Common Stock.
(b) If the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of
the Note have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the "Act"), the undersigned represents and warrants that (i) such shares of
Common Stock are being acquired for the account of the undersigned for
investment, and not with a view to, or for resale in connection with, the
distribution thereof, and that the undersigned has no present intention of
distributing or reselling such shares and (ii) the undersigned is an "accredited
investor" as defined in Regulation D under the Act. The undersigned further
agrees that (A) such shares shall not be sold or transferred unless either (i)
they first shall have been registered under the Act and applicable state
securities laws or (ii) the Company first shall have been furnished with an
opinion of legal counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Company to the effect
that such sale or transfer is exempt from the registration requirements of the
Act and (B) until such shares are registered under the Act, the Company may
place a legend on the certificate(s) for the shares to that effect and place a
stop-transfer restriction in its records relating to the shares.
(c) It is an "accredited investor" as that term is defined in
Rule 501 of Regulation D under the Act by reason of Rule 501(a)(3).
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(3) Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined
herein have the respective meanings provided in the Note.
NAME OF HOLDER:
Date ________________________ ____________________________________
By__________________________________
Name:
Title:
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<PAGE> 86
EXHIBIT M
THIS NOTE HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED
(THE "ACT") OR ANY STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS NOTE HAS BEEN ACQUIRED FOR
INVESTMENT ONLY AND MAY NOT BE SOLD, TRANSFERRED OR ASSIGNED IN THE ABSENCE OF
SUCH REGISTRATION OR AN OPINION OF COUNSEL REASONABLY SATISFACTORY IN FORM,
SCOPE AND SUBSTANCE TO THE COMPANY THAT SUCH REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED. THIS
NOTE MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN SECTION 3.7.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
NOTE
New York, New York $_____________
____________,_2000
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Delaware
corporation (hereinafter called the "Company"), hereby promises to pay to
____________________________, [Address], or registered assigns (the "Holder") or
order, the sum of _____________ Dollars ($_____________), on [BEFORE SIGNING THE
NOTE, INSERT MONTH AND DAY OF THE NOTE'S ISSUANCE DATE], 2005, and to pay
interest on the unpaid principal balance hereof at the rate of thirteen and
three quarters percent (13.75%) per annum from the date hereof, until the same
becomes due and payable, whether at maturity or upon acceleration or by
prepayment or otherwise. Any amount of principal of or interest on this Note
which is not paid when due shall bear interest at the rate of twenty percent
(20%) per annum from the due date thereof until the same is paid ("Default
Interest"). Interest shall be payable on the 1st day of each May and November,
commencing on November 1, 2000, and at maturity (the "Interest Payment Dates").
Interest on this Note shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of 12
30-day months.
All payments of principal of and interest on this Note shall
be made in lawful money of the United States of America, or, at the option of
the Company and subject to the provisions of this Note , interest payable on the
Interest Payment Dates may be paid in whole or in part in fully paid and
nonassessable shares of Common Stock, $.001 par value, or any shares of capital
stock and related rights of the Company into which such stock shall hereafter be
changed or reclassified (the "Common Stock"). All cash payments shall be made by
wire transfer of immediately available funds to such account as the Holder may
from time to time designate by written notice in accordance with the provisions
of this Note. Whenever any amount expressed to be due by the terms of this Note
is due on any day which is not a business day, the same shall instead be due on
the next succeeding day which is not a business day and, in the case of any
Interest Payment Date which is not the date on which this Note is paid in full,
the extension of the due date thereof shall not be taken into account for
purposes of determining the amount of interest due on such date. As used in this
Note, the term "business day" shall mean any day other than a Saturday, Sunday
or a day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized or
required by law or executive order to remain closed.
The obligations of the Company under this Note shall rank in
right of payment on a parity with all other unsubordinated obligations of the
Company for indebtedness for borrowed money or the purchase price of property.
This Note is issued pursuant to a Senior Subordinated Convertible Note, dated
_____________, 1997, issued by the Company (the "Convertible Note"). [IF ANY
SENIOR LENDER CLAIMS (AS DEFINED IN THE CONVERTIBLE NOTE) ARE OUTSTANDING ON
THE DATE OF ISSUANCE OF THIS NOTE, THIS NOTE SHALL INCLUDE SUBORDINATION
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<PAGE> 87
PROVISIONS IN SUBSTANTIALLY THE FORM OF ARTICLE VIII OF THE CONVERTIBLE NOTE AND
THE RELATED DEFINITIONS USED THEREIN.]
The following terms shall apply to this Note:
ARTICLE I
PREPAYMENT; INTEREST IN COMMON STOCK
1.1 PREPAYMENT. The Company shall have the right to prepay
this Note in whole at any time or in any part from time to time.
1.2 ISSUANCE OF COMMON STOCK IN LIEU OF CASH INTEREST. (a) If
the Company exercises its option to make a payment of interest on this Note
wholly or partly in shares of Common Stock (herein sometimes called the "Stock
Payment Option"), the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon such exercise of
the Stock Payment Option shall have been authorized by the Board of Directors of
the Company.
(b) The Company shall not be permitted to exercise the Stock
Payment Option with respect to any payment of interest on this Note if:
(i) the number of shares of Common Stock authorized, unissued
and unreserved for all purposes, or held in the Company's treasury, is
insufficient to pay the portion of such interest to be paid in Common
Stock;
(ii) the issuance or delivery of shares of Common Stock
pursuant to the Stock Payment Option or the public resale of such
shares by the Holder would require registration with or approval of any
governmental authority under any law or regulation, and such
registration or approval has not been effected or obtained;
(iii) the shares of Common Stock to be issued upon exercise of
the Stock Payment Option have not been authorized for listing, upon
official notice of issuance, on the principal securities exchange on
which the Common Stock is then listed and traded;
(iv) the Computed Price is less than the par value of the
Common Stock;
(v) an Event of Default (as defined herein) has occurred and
is continuing; or
(vi) the Common Stock is neither (i) listed or admitted for
trading on a national securities exchange nor (ii) quoted on the Nasdaq
National Market.
(c) If the Stock Payment Option is elected, the Company shall
issue and dispatch or cause to be dispatched to the Holder one or more
certificates for the aggregate number of whole shares of Common Stock determined
by dividing the per share Computed Price of the Common Stock on the applicable
Interest Payment Date into the total amount of lawful money of the United States
of America which the Holder would receive if the aggregate amount of interest on
this Note which is being paid in shares of Common Stock were being paid in such
lawful money; provided, however, that if in connection with any such election
the Company shall have failed to deliver the appropriate number of shares of
Common Stock to the Holder within three business days after the applicable
Interest Payment Date, then the Company shall not be entitled to use the Stock
Payment Option in respect of such Interest Payment Date, such cash interest
shall be
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immediately due and payable and the Company shall pay the interest for such
Interest Payment Date in cash with Default Interest, at the rate provided in
this Note, from such Interest Payment Date until paid. No fractional shares will
be issued in payment of interest on this Note . In lieu thereof, the Company may
issue a number of shares of Common Stock which reflects a rounding up to the
next whole number or may pay lawful money of the United States of America. The
shares of Common Stock issued or to be issued by the Company in payment of
interest on this Note are sometimes referred to herein as the "Payment Shares."
(d) If the Company exercises the Stock Payment Option with
respect to a payment of interest on this Note, the Company shall deliver to the
Holder, on or prior to the date on which Payment Shares for such payment of
interest on this Note are to be received by the Holder, a Company Certificate
setting forth (i) the total amount of the interest payment to which the Holder
is entitled, (ii) the portion of the interest payment being made in Payment
Shares, (iii) the number of Payment Shares allocable to such payment, as
calculated pursuant to this Section 1.2, (iv) any rounding adjustment to such
number or any payment necessary to be made pursuant to Section 1.2(c), (v) a
brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment, (vi) the number of
Payment Shares issuable with respect to each $100 of interest on this Note after
such adjustment and (vii) a brief statement that none of the conditions set
forth in Section 1.2(b) has occurred and is existing. Such Company Certificate
shall be accompanied by the certificates, each duly issued in the name of the
Holder, representing the Payment Shares. Such Company Certificate shall be
conclusive evidence of the correctness of the calculation of the number of
Payment Shares allocable to the payments to which such Company Certificate
relates and of any adjustments to such number made pursuant to this Section 1.2
in the absence of manifest error. In addition, on or before the pertinent
payment date, the Company shall cause the transfer agent for the Common Stock to
prepare and issue the certificates representing the Payment Shares in the name
of the Holder before being so delivered by the Company.
(e) The Payment Shares, when issued pursuant to and in
compliance with this Section 1.2, shall be, and for all purposes shall be deemed
to be, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock; the
issuance and delivery thereof is in all respects hereby authorized; and the
issuance thereof, together with lawful money of the United States of America, if
any, paid in lieu of fractional shares of such Common Stock, will be, and for
all purposes shall be deemed to be, in full discharge and satisfaction of the
Company's obligation to pay the interest on this Note to which such Payment
Shares relate.
(f) As used in this Note, the following terms shall have the
meanings provided herein:
(1) "Company Certificate" means a certificate of the Company
signed by an Officer.
(2) "Computed Price" for any date means arithmetic average of
the per share Trading Price during the Measurement Period with respect
to such date.
(3) "Measurement Period" means, with respect to any date, the
period of five consecutive trading days ending three trading days prior
to such date.
(4) "Officer" means the Chairman of the Board, the Chief
Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Operating Officer, any
Senior Vice President or the Chief Financial Officer of the Company.
(5) "Other Notes" means the several promissory notes issued by
the Company pursuant to the Other Notes.
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(6) "Other Notes" means the several Senior Subordinated
Convertible Notes dated ___, 1997 issued by the Company.
(7) "Trading Day" means a day on which either the national
securities exchange or Nasdaq which then constitutes the principal
securities market for the Common Stock is open for general trading.
(8) "Trading Price" on any date means the closing bid price
for one share of the Common Stock on such date, on the first applicable
among the following: (a) the national securities exchange on which the
shares of Common Stock are listed which constitutes the principal
securities market for the Common Stock or (b) the Nasdaq National
Market, in either case as reported by Bloomberg, L.P. (subject to
equitable adjustment from time to time on terms reasonably acceptable
to the Majority Holders for (i) stock splits, (ii) stock dividends,
(iii) combinations, (iv) capital reorganizations, (v) issuance to all
holders of Common Stock of rights or warrants to purchase shares of
Common Stock at a price per share less than the Trading Price which
would otherwise be applicable, (vi) the distribution by the Company to
all holders of Common Stock of evidences of indebtedness of the Company
or cash (other than regular quarterly cash dividends), (vii) tender
offers by the Company or any subsidiary of the Company or other
repurchases of shares of Common Stock in one or more transactions
which, individually or in the aggregate, result in the purchase of more
than ten percent of the Common Stock outstanding and (viii) similar
events relating to the Common Stock, in each such case which occur
during a particular Measurement Period).
(9) "Transaction Documents" means this Note, the Convertible
Note, the Note Purchase Agreement and the other agreements, instruments
and documents contemplated hereby and thereby.
ARTICLE II
EVENTS OF DEFAULT
If any of the following events of default (each, an "Event of
Default") shall occur:
2.1 FAILURE TO PAY PRINCIPAL OR INTEREST. The Company fails
(a) to pay the principal hereof when due, whether at maturity, upon redemption,
upon acceleration or otherwise or (b) to pay any installment of interest hereon
when due and, in the case of this clause (b) of this Section 2.1 only, such
failure continues for a period of ten (10) days after the due date thereof;
2.2 BREACH OF COVENANT. The Company breaches any material
covenant or other material term or condition of this Note (other than as
specifically provided in Section 2.1 hereof), and such breach continues for a
period of twenty (20) days after written notice thereof to the Company from the
Holder or within 60 days after delivery of such notice if and only if, such
default is reasonably capable of cure and during such 60-day period, the Company
has been diligently taking action to cure such default and such cure cannot be
completed within such 20-day period;
2.3 BREACH OF REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. Any
representation or warranty of the Company made herein or in any agreement,
statement or certificate given in writing pursuant hereto or in connection
herewith (including, without limitation, the Note Purchase Agreement) shall be
false or misleading in any material respect when made;
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2.4 CERTAIN VOLUNTARY PROCEEDINGS. The Company or any material
subsidiary of the Company shall commence a voluntary case or other proceeding
seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief with respect to itself or
its debts under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter
in effect or seeking the appointment of a trustee, receiver, liquidator,
custodian or other similar official of it or any substantial part of its
property, or shall consent to any such relief or to the appointment of or taking
possession by any such official in an involuntary case or other proceeding
commenced against it, or shall make a general assignment for the benefit of
creditors, or shall fail generally to pay its debts as they become due or shall
admit in writing its inability generally to pay its debts as they become due;
2.5 CERTAIN INVOLUNTARY PROCEEDINGS. An involuntary case or
other proceeding shall be commenced against the Company or any material
subsidiary of the Company seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief
with respect to it or its debts under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other
similar law now or hereafter in effect or seeking the appointment of a trustee,
receiver, liquidator, custodian or other similar official of it or any
substantial part of its property, and such involuntary case or other proceeding
shall remain undismissed and unstayed for a period of sixty (60) consecutive
days;
2.6 JUDGMENTS. Any court of competent jurisdiction shall enter
one or more final judgments against the Company or any subsidiary of the Company
or any of their respective properties or other assets in an aggregate amount in
excess of $500,000, which is not vacated, bonded, stayed, discharged, satisfied
or waived for a period of thirty (30) consecutive days; provided, however, that
in the case of a judgment any portion of which is by the terms of such judgment
payable more than one year after the date such judgment is entered, no Event of
Default shall be deemed to occur pursuant to this Section 4.7 if and so long as
such judgment does not require the Company to pay more than $1,000,000 in any
360-day period and the Company makes all payments due under such judgment when
due; or
2.7 DEFAULT UNDER OTHER AGREEMENTS. (a) The Company or any
subsidiary shall (i) default in any payment with respect to any indebtedness for
borrowed money (other than this Note) which indebtedness has an outstanding
principal amount in excess of $750,000 individually or $1,500,000 in the
aggregate for the Company and its subsidiaries, beyond the period of grace, if
any, provided in the instrument or agreement under which such indebtedness was
created or (ii) default in the observance or performance of any agreement,
covenant or condition relating to any such indebtedness or contained in any
instrument or agreement evidencing, securing or relating thereto, or any other
event shall occur or condition exist, the effect of which default or other event
or condition is to cause, or to permit the holder or holders of such
indebtedness (or a trustee or agent on behalf of such holder or holders) to
cause, any such indebtedness to become due prior to its stated maturity and such
default or event shall continue beyond the period of grace, if any, provided in
the instrument or agreement under which such indebtedness was created (after
giving effect to any consent or waiver obtained and then in effect thereunder);
or (b) any indebtedness of the Company or any of its subsidiaries which has an
outstanding principal amount in excess of $750,000 individually or $1,500,000 in
the aggregate shall, in accordance with its terms, be declared to be due and
payable, or required to be prepaid other than by a regularly scheduled or
required payment prior to the stated maturity thereof;
then upon the occurrence and during the continuation of any Event of Default
specified in Section 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.6 or 2.7 at the option of the Holder the
Company shall, and upon the occurrence of any Event of Default specified in
Section 2.4 or 2.5, the Company shall, pay to the Holder an amount equal to the
sum of (A) the outstanding principal amount of this Note plus (B) accrued and
unpaid interest on such principal amount to the date of payment plus (C) accrued
and unpaid Default Interest, if any, on the amount referred to in the
immediately preceding clause (B) at the rate provided in this Note to the date
of payment and all other amounts payable hereunder shall immediately become due
and payable, all without demand, presentment or notice, all of which
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hereby are expressly waived, together with all costs, including, without
limitation, legal fees and expenses, of collection, and the Holder shall be
entitled to exercise all other rights and remedies available at law or in
equity.
ARTICLE III
MISCELLANEOUS
3.1 FAILURE OR INDULGENCE NOT WAIVER. No failure or delay on
the part of the Holder in the exercise of any power, right or privilege
hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial
exercise of any such power, right or privilege preclude other or further
exercise thereof or of any other right, power or privileges. All rights and
remedies existing hereunder are cumulative to, and not exclusive of, any rights
or remedies otherwise available.
3.2 NOTICES. Any notice herein required or permitted to be
given shall be in writing and may be personally served, sent by telephone line
facsimile transmission or delivered by courier or sent by United States mail and
shall be deemed to have been given upon receipt if personally served, sent by
telephone line facsimile transmission or sent by courier or three (3) days after
being deposited in the United States mail, certified, with postage pre-paid and
properly addressed, if sent by mail. For the purposes hereof, the address of the
Holder shall be as shown on the records of the Company (telephone line facsimile
transmission number (___) ___-____); and the address of the Company shall be 213
East Grand Avenue, South San Francisco, California, 94080, Attention: President
and Chief Executive Officer (telephone line facsimile transmission number (415)
873-8367). Both the Holder and the Company may change the address for service by
service of written notice to the other as herein provided.
3.3 AMENDMENT PROVISION. The term "Note" and all reference
thereto, as used throughout this instrument, shall mean this instrument as
originally executed, or if later amended or supplemented, then as so amended or
supplemented.
3.4 ASSIGNABILITY. This Note shall be binding upon the Company
and its successors and assigns, and shall inure to the benefit of and be binding
upon the Holder and its successors and permitted assigns.
3.5 CERTAIN EXPENSES. The Company shall pay on demand all
expenses incurred by the Holder, including reasonable attorneys' fees and
expenses, as a consequence of, or in connection with, (x) the negotiation,
preparation or execution of any amendment or modification of the Transaction
Documents, (y) any default or breach of any of the Company's obligations set
forth in the Transaction Documents and (z) the enforcement or restructuring of
any right of, including the collection of any payments due, the Holder under the
Transaction Documents, including any action or proceeding relating to such
enforcement or any order, injunction or other process seeking to restrain the
Company from paying any amount due the Holder.
3.6 GOVERNING LAW. This Note shall be governed by the internal
laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflict of
laws.
3.7 TRANSFER OF NOTE. This Note has not been and is not being
registered under the provisions of the Act or any state securities laws and this
Note may not be sold, transferred, pledged or hypothecated unless (1) the
transferee is a person who is an "accredited investor" as defined in Regulation
D under the Act and (2) the Holder shall have delivered to
the Company an opinion of counsel, reasonably satisfactory in form, scope and
substance to the Company, to the effect that this Note may be sold, transferred,
pledged or hypothecated pursuant
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to an exemption from such registration. Prior to any such transfer, the
transferee shall (x) have made written representations and warranties to the
Company with respect to such transferee in the form of Sections 3(a) and 3(c) of
the Note Purchase Agreement and (y) shall have further represented in writing to
the Company that such transferee has requested and received from the Company all
information relating to the business, properties, operations, condition
(financial or other), results of operations or prospects of the Company deemed
relevant by such transferee; that such transferee has been afforded the
opportunity to ask questions of the Company concerning the foregoing and has had
the opportunity to obtain and review the Registration Statement and the
prospectus included therein, each as amended or supplemented to the date of
transfer to such transferee, and the reports and other information concerning
the Company which at the time of such transfer have been filed by the Company
with the SEC pursuant to the 1934 Act and which are incorporated by reference in
such prospectus as of the date of such transfer.
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<PAGE> 93
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Note to be
signed in its name by its duly authorized officer on the day and in the year
first above written.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By ________________________________
Name:
Title:
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ANNEX II
TO
NOTE PURCHASE
AGREEMENT
BUYER ESCROW INSTRUCTIONS
Dated as of the date of the Note Purchase
Agreement to Which These Buyer Escrow
Instructions Are Attached
Law Offices of Brian W Pusch,
as Buyer Escrow Agent
Penthouse Suite
29 West 57th Street
New York, New York 10019
Attention: Brian W. Pusch, Esq.
Dear Sirs:
As Escrow Agent for the purchaser (the "Buyer") of the Senior
Subordinated Convertible Note due 2000 (the "Note"), who is named in the Note
Purchase Agreement between Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the "Company"), and the Buyer to which a copy of these Buyer Escrow
Instructions is attached as ANNEX II (the "Agreement"), the Escrow Agent is
hereby authorized and directed to hold the funds (the "Escrow Funds"), together
with any interest on the Escrow Funds and payments made by the Company to the
Escrow Agent for the account of the Buyer pursuant to Section 5(k) of the
Agreement and other applicable provisions thereof (the "Escrow Interest")
delivered to the Escrow Agent pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, in
accordance with the following instructions:
1. (a) The Escrow Agent shall give notice to the Company of
receipt of funds in respect of the Agreement from the Buyer as promptly as
practicable after receipt of such funds. As promptly as practicable after
receipt of written notice from the Buyer to the Escrow Agent that the Company
has advised the Buyer that the Registration Statement has been declared
effective and that all conditions precedent to the release of the portion of the
Escrow Funds to be released to the Company have been satisfied or waived (the
"Buyer Release Notice"), the Escrow Agent shall (x) give notice to the Company
of the receipt of such notice from the Buyer, (y) release the Escrow Funds (i)
if the Closing Date is less than 90 days after the Execution Date, to the
Company by wire transfer of funds to the Collateral Account (as defined in the
Security Agreement) for the benefit of the Company or (ii) if the Closing Date
is on or after the 90th day after the Execution Date, to or upon the order of
the Company, in either such case against delivery by the Company to the Buyer of
the Note, and (z) release any Escrow Interest held by the Escrow Agent at such
time to or upon the order of the Buyer.
(b) If the Buyer notifies the Escrow Agent that (1) on the
Closing Date, the conditions precedent to the obligations of the Buyer under the
Agreement were not satisfied or waived, or (2) the Buyer has terminated the
Agreement pursuant to Section 10 thereof, then in either such case the Escrow
Agent shall as promptly as practicable release the Escrow Funds and any Escrow
Interest held by the Escrow Agent at such time to the Buyer. All wire transfer
fees relating to the Escrow Funds and the Escrow Interest shall be deducted from
the amount of the Escrow Funds and the Escrow Interest released to the Company
or the Buyer, as the case may be.
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<PAGE> 95
Prior to release of any Escrow Funds or the Escrow Interest to the Buyer, the
Buyer shall furnish such tax reporting or other information as shall be
appropriate for the Escrow Agent to comply with applicable United States laws.
(c) The Escrow Agent shall as promptly as practicable after
receipt deposit the Escrow Funds in the Escrow Agent's attorney escrow account
at Citibank, N.A., in an interest-bearing account. All interest paid by such
bank on the Escrow Funds shall be held by the Escrow Agent solely for the
account of the Buyer; provided, however, that all interest paid by such bank on
all or any portion of the Escrow Funds and the Escrow Interest released to the
Company which interest is accrued and paid on such funds from and after the
Closing Date shall be held by the Escrow Agent solely for the account of the
Company and shall be released to the Company on or promptly after the Closing
Date. Upon the Buyer's written request, the Escrow Agent shall release to or
upon the order of the Buyer an amount equal to the Escrow Interest so credited
to the Escrow Agent's account by such bank which the Escrow Agent holds solely
for the account of the Buyer or received by the Escrow Agent pursuant to Section
5(k) of the Agreement. Except as otherwise specifically provided in this
paragraph 1, the Escrow Agent shall not be liable for interest on the Escrow
Funds (other than such Escrow Interest as shall be paid to the Escrow Agent by
its depository bank for the Escrow Funds or received by the Escrow Agent
pursuant to Section 5(k) of the Agreement, in either such case less any
applicable withholding taxes) for any reason, including by reason of any delay
or mistake in delivery of the Escrow Funds or the Escrow Interest or any other
funds held by the Escrow Agent hereunder.
2. The Escrow Agent's duties hereunder may be altered,
amended, modified or revoked only by a writing signed by the Buyer and the
Escrow Agent and as to which the Company has given its written consent.
3. The Escrow Agent shall be obligated only for the
performance of such duties as are specifically set forth herein and may rely and
shall be protected in relying or refraining from acting on any instrument
reasonably believed by the Escrow Agent to be genuine and to have been signed or
presented by the proper party or parties. The Escrow Agent shall not be
personally liable for any act the Escrow Agent may do or omit to do hereunder as
Escrow Agent while acting in good faith, and any act done or omitted by the
Escrow Agent pursuant to the advice of the Escrow Agent's attorneys-at-law shall
be conclusive evidence of such good faith. In no event shall the Escrow Agent
incur any liability or be held responsible if the Note, once released from
escrow hereunder, shall become lost, stolen, destroyed, mutilated or misplaced
while in transit to any person, provided the Escrow Agent shall have dispatched
the same by a means customarily used by the Escrow Agent.
4. The Escrow Agent is hereby expressly authorized to
disregard any and all warnings given by any of the parties hereto or by any
other person, firm or corporation, excepting only orders or process of courts of
law and is hereby expressly authorized to comply with and obey orders, judgments
or decrees of any court. In case the Escrow Agent obeys or complies with any
such order, judgment or decree, the Escrow Agent shall not be liable to any of
the parties hereto or to any other person, firm or corporation by reason of such
decree being subsequently reversed, modified, annulled, set aside, vacated or
found to have been entered without jurisdiction.
5. The Escrow Agent shall not be liable in any respect on
account of the identity, authorities or rights of the parties executing or
delivering or purporting to execute or deliver the Agreement or any documents or
papers deposited or called for hereunder.
6. The Escrow Agent shall not be liable for the outlawing of
any rights under the Statute of Limitations with respect to these Buyer Escrow
Instructions or any documents or Escrow Funds or Escrow Interest deposited with
or held by the Escrow Agent.
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<PAGE> 96
7. The Escrow Agent shall be entitled to employ such legal
counsel and other experts as the Escrow Agent may deem necessary properly to
advise the Escrow Agent in connection with the Escrow Agent's obligations
hereunder, may rely upon the advice of such counsel, and may pay such counsel
reasonable compensation therefor, subject to reimbursement thereof as and to the
extent provided in Section 11. The Escrow Agent has acted as legal counsel for
Diaz & Altschul Capital, LLC, a New York limited liability company, Delta
Opportunity Fund, Ltd., a British Virgin Islands corporation, and Overbrook Fund
I, LLC, a New York limited liability company, in connection with the
transactions contemplated by the Agreement and may continue to act as legal
counsel for such persons notwithstanding its duties as Escrow Agent hereunder.
8. The Escrow Agent's responsibilities as Escrow Agent
hereunder shall terminate if the Escrow Agent shall resign by written notice to
the Buyer. In the event of any such resignation, the Buyer shall appoint a
successor Escrow Agent which shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Company.
9. If the Escrow Agent reasonably requires other or further
instruments in connection with these Buyer Escrow Instructions or obligations in
respect hereto, the necessary parties hereto shall join in furnishing such
instruments.
10. It is understood and agreed that should any dispute arise
with respect to the delivery and/or ownership or right of possession of the
documents, Escrow Funds or Escrow Interest held by the Escrow Agent hereunder,
the Escrow Agent is authorized, in its sole discretion (a) to retain in the
Escrow Agent's possession, without liability to anyone, all or any part of said
securities, documents, Escrow Funds or Escrow Interest until such disputes shall
have been settled either by mutual written agreement of the parties concerned or
by a final order, decree or judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction after
the time for appeal has expired and no appeal has been perfected, but the Escrow
Agent shall be under no duty whatsoever to institute or defend any such
proceedings or (b) at any time, to deposit the securities, documents, Escrow
Funds or Escrow Interest with any court of competent jurisdiction in the State
of New York, in which event the Escrow Agent shall give notice thereof to the
Buyer and the Company and shall thereupon be relieved and discharged from all
further obligations hereunder.
11. The Buyer agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Escrow
Agent from any and all claims, liabilities, costs or expenses in any way arising
from or relating to the duties or performance of the Escrow Agent hereunder
other than any such claim, liability, cost or expense to the extent the same
shall have been determined by final, unappealable judgment of a court of
competent jurisdiction to have resulted from the gross negligence or willful
misconduct of the Escrow Agent.
12. Any notice required or permitted hereunder shall be given
in writing (unless otherwise specified herein) and shall be deemed effectively
given upon personal delivery (which shall include telephone line facsimile
transmission or courier service), three business days after deposit in the
United States Postal Service, by registered or certified mail with postage and
fees prepaid, addressed to each of the other parties thereunto entitled at the
following addresses, or at such other address as a party may designate by ten
days advance written notice to each of the other parties hereto.
BUYER: At the address and telephone line facsimile
number set forth in the Agreement
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<PAGE> 97
COMPANY: At the address and telephone line facsimile
number set forth in the Agreement
Attention:
ESCROW AGENT: Law Offices of Brian W Pusch,
as Buyer Escrow Agent
Penthouse Suite
29 West 57th Street
New York, New York 10019
Facsimile No.: (212) 980-7055
13. By signing these Buyer Escrow Instructions, the Escrow
Agent becomes a party hereto only for the purpose of these Buyer Escrow
Instructions; the Escrow Agent does not become a party to the Agreement. The
Buyer has become a party hereto by its execution and delivery of the Agreement,
as provided therein.
14. This instrument shall be binding upon and inure to the
benefit of the parties hereto, and their respective successors and permitted
assigns and shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York, without
giving effect to principles of conflicts of law.
15. Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined
herein shall have the respective meanings provided in the Agreement.
ACCEPTED BY ESCROW AGENT:
By /s/ Brian W. Pusch
--------------------------------
Brian W. Pusch,
as Buyer Escrow Agent
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<PAGE> 98
ANNEX III
TO
NOTE PURCHASE
AGREEMENT
PLEDGE AND SECURITY AGREEMENT
THIS PLEDGE AND SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of _____, 1997
(this "Agreement"), by and between SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Delaware
corporation (the "Company"), and FIRST TRUST OF CALIFORNIA, N.A., as Collateral
Agent (the "Pledgee"), for the benefit of the holders from time to time of the
Notes (as defined herein).
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, the Company has entered into several Note Purchase
Agreements, dated as of June 30, 1997 (as amended, modified or supplemented from
time to time in accordance with their respective terms, the "Note Purchase
Agreements"), with the several buyers named therein (the "Buyers" and, together
with the holders from time to time of the Notes, including the placement agent
for the Notes, the "Holders"), providing for the purchase by the Buyers from the
Company of Senior Subordinated Convertible Notes due 2000 in the aggregate
principal amount of $10,400,000 issued by the Company (as amended from time to
time in accordance with their respective terms, the "Notes");
WHEREAS, it is a condition precedent to the obligations of the
Buyers under the Note Purchase Agreements to purchase their respective Notes
that the Company shall have executed and delivered to the Pledgee this
Agreement, the Pledgee shall have established the Collateral Account hereunder
and the Company shall have caused to be deposited in the Collateral Account (as
defined herein) certain Collateral as provided herein; and
WHEREAS, the Company desires to execute this Agreement to
satisfy the conditions described in the preceding paragraph;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and other
benefits accruing to the Company, the receipt and sufficiency of which are
hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Pledgee hereby agree for the benefit of
the Holders as follows:
1. DEFINITIONS. As used in this Agreement, the terms
"Agreement", "Buyers", "Company", "Holders", "Note Purchase Agreements", "Notes"
and "Pledgee" shall have the respective meanings assigned to such terms in the
introductory paragraph of and in the recitals to this Agreement. Except as
otherwise defined herein, terms used herein and defined in the Note Purchase
Agreements (as in effect on the date hereof) and in the Notes shall be used as
so defined. The following terms shall have the meanings herein specified unless
the context otherwise requires. Such definitions shall be equally applicable to
the singular and plural forms of the terms defined.
"Account Bank" means First Bank, N.A.
"Adverse Claim" means a pledge, lien, mortgage, hypothecation,
security interest, charge, option, adverse claim (as such term is used in
Section 8-102(a)(1) of the UCC) or any other encumbrance whatsoever.
<PAGE> 99
"Assets" shall have the meaning provided in paragraphs 2 and 3
of ANNEX B to this Agreement.
"Business Day" shall have the meaning provided in the Notes.
"Collateral" shall mean:
(a) all cash in U.S. currency held in the Collateral Account;
(b) all Government Obligations held in the Collateral Account;
(c) all cash, securities, rights and other property at any
time and from time to time received, receivable or otherwise distributed in
respect of the cash or Government Obligations held at any time in the Collateral
Account;
(d) the Collateral Account and each and every general
intangible (as such term is defined in Section 9-106 of the UCC relating
thereto);
(e) all insurance policies relating to the Collateral Account
or any of the cash or Government Obligations held at any time in the Collateral
Account;
(f) all liens, guaranties and other rights and privileges
relating to any of the Collateral referred to in the other clauses of this
definition;
(g) all books, ledgers, books of account, records, writings,
data bases, information and other property relating to, used or useful in
connection with, evidencing, embodying, incorporating or referring to any of the
foregoing; and
(h) all proceeds, products, rents, issues, profits and returns
of and from any of the foregoing to the extent the same are retained in or
required by this Agreement to be retained in the Collateral Account.
"Collateral Account" shall mean a separate account at the
Account Bank which holds the cash and Government Obligations constituting part
of the Collateral, which account shall be entitled "Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Noteholder Collateral Account for First Trust of California, N.A., as Collateral
Agent".
"Collateral Value" shall mean:
(a) in the case of Government Obligations, 100 percent of the
principal amount thereof;
(b) in the case of Collateral which constitutes cash in which
the Collateral Agent has a perfected first priority security interest, 100
percent; and
(c) in the case of all other Collateral, zero.
"Designated UCC Provisions" means Article 8 and Section 9-115
of the UCC.
"Event of Default" shall mean (i) any Event of Default or
Repurchase Event, as such terms are defined in the Notes, (ii) the breach by the
Company of any material covenant or other material term or condition of this
Agreement, including, without limitation, those set forth in Section 16, or
(iii) any representation or warranty made by the Company in Section 16 or any
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material representation or warranty made in the other provisions of this
Agreement shall be false or misleading when made or at any time thereafter.
"Execution Date" means the latest date on which any of the
Note Purchase Agreements were executed and delivered by the parties thereto
(prior to any amendment thereof).
"Government Obligations" shall mean direct obligations of, or
obligations the timely payment of principal of and the interest on which are
unconditionally guaranteed by, the full faith and credit of the United States of
America and which mature not later than three months after their date of
issuance, which are held in the book-entry system.
"Majority Holders" shall mean at any time holders of the Notes
which represent a majority of the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the
Notes.
"Obligations" shall have the meaning provided in Section 2 of
this Agreement.
"Redemption Obligation" shall mean any outstanding and
unsatisfied obligation of the Company to redeem all or any portion of any Note
pursuant to Section 2.4(b) of such Note.
"Remaining Proceeds" shall have the meaning provided in
Section 10 of this Agreement.
"UCC" means the Uniform Commercial Code as enacted and in
force in the State of California.
2. SECURITY FOR OBLIGATIONS. This Agreement is for the senior
benefit of the Holders to secure:
(i) the full and prompt payment when due of all obligations
and liabilities to the Holders, whether now existing or hereafter
arising, under the Note Purchase Agreements and the due performance and
compliance with the terms of the Note Purchase Agreements;
(ii) the full and prompt payment when due of all obligations
and liabilities of the Company pursuant to the Notes and the due
performance and compliance with the terms contained therein;
(iii) any and all sums advanced by the Pledgee or any Holder
in order to preserve the Collateral or preserve the Pledgee's security
interest in the Collateral;
(iv) in the event of any proceeding for the collection or
enforcement of any indebtedness, obligations or liabilities of the
Company referred to in clauses (i) through (iii), after an Event of
Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the reasonable expenses
of re-taking, holding, preparing for sale, selling or otherwise
disposing of or realizing on the Collateral, or of any exercise by the
Pledgee of its rights hereunder, together with reasonable attorneys'
fees and court costs; and
(v) any amounts for which the Pledgee or any Holder is
entitled to indemnification under Section 12 of this Agreement;
all such obligations, liabilities, sums and expenses set forth in clauses (i)
through (v) of this Section 2 being collectively called the "Obligations".
3. ESTABLISHMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF COLLATERAL ACCOUNT. (a) On
or before the Closing Date, the Pledgee shall establish and maintain the
Collateral Account at the
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Account Bank. The terms and conditions of the Collateral Account shall require
the Account Bank to make entries in its records as to the type and amount of
Government Obligations held in the Collateral Account and indicating that such
Government Obligations are registered to the Pledgee in accordance with the
terms of this Agreement, the intention of which is to make the Pledgee a holder
of a perfected security interest in such Government Obligations or a securities
entitlement with respect thereto under the Designated UCC Provisions as
applicable under 31 C.F.R. Part 357. The terms and conditions agreed to by the
Account Bank relating to the Collateral Account shall provide that the Account
Bank shall not permit funds or Government Obligations to be withdrawn from the
Collateral Account without the prior written authorization of the Pledgee. All
costs, fees (including reasonable default fees) and expenses of the Account
Bank and Pledgee with respect to the Collateral Account shall be paid by the
Company when due.
(b) On or before the Closing Date, the Company shall cause to
be deposited in the Collateral Account, pursuant to wire transfer instructions
provided by the Pledgee, cash or Government Obligations, or any combination
thereof, which shall have a Collateral Value on the Closing Date of not less
than 100% of the original aggregate principal amount of the Notes. No assets of
the Company other than the Collateral shall be held in the Collateral Account.
On or before the Closing Date, the Company shall provide to the Pledgee copies
of the documents to be submitted to the Account Bank to establish the Collateral
Account. The Pledgee shall promptly notify the Company of the receipt by the
Account Bank of the cash and Government Obligations deposited in the Collateral
Account and provide the Company with a bank statement evidencing such deposit.
(c) Subject to release of Collateral pursuant to Section 5,
the Company shall at all times maintain cash and Government Obligations in the
Collateral Account having a Collateral Value of at least 100% of the outstanding
aggregate principal amount of the Notes.
(d) The Collateral Value of the cash and Government
Obligations held in the Collateral Account shall be determined at 4:00 p.m., New
York City time, on each Business Day. If on any Business Day the cash and
Government Obligations held in the Collateral Account is less than the amount
thereof which is required to be maintained by the Company hereunder, the Company
shall notify the Pledgee of such fact by 1:00 p.m., New York City time, on the
next succeeding Business Day and, not later than the close of business, on such
next succeeding Business Day, cause to be deposited in the Collateral Account
additional cash or additional Government Obligations, or any combination
thereof, which have a Collateral Value at least equal to the amount of such
deficiency.
4. GRANT OF SECURITY INTEREST. (a) To secure the Obligations
and for the purposes set forth in Section 1, the Company hereby (x) grants to
the Pledgee for the benefit of the Holders a first priority security interest in
all of the Collateral, (y) pledges to the Pledgee all Government Obligations
deposited or held from time to time in the Collateral Account and (z) assigns,
transfers, hypothecates, mortgages, charges and sets over to the Pledgee all of
the Company's right, title and interest in and to the Government Obligations and
cash deposited or held in the Collateral Account (and in and to the certificates
or instruments evidencing such Government Obligations), to be held by the
Pledgee (including through the Collateral Account at the Account Bank) upon the
terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.
(b) By its joinder herein, the Account Bank in its capacity as
the Pledgee's securities intermediary with respect to the Collateral Account
hereby agrees that it will (and the Company hereby authorizes it to) comply with
instructions originated by the Pledgee and/or the Holders directing transfer or
redemption of securities and other government obligations held or carried in the
Collateral Account (including securities entitlements therein) without further
consent by the Company, and whether or not an Event of Default shall have
occurred and be continuing (it being the intent of all parties to establish in
favor of the Pledgee and the Holders "control" over the
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<PAGE> 102
Collateral Account and all securities and securities entitlements held or
carried therein as such term is defined in Sections 8-106 and 9-115 of the UCC
and in compliance with 31 C.F.R. Part 357).
5. RELEASE OF COLLATERAL. (a) So long as no Event of Default
or Redemption Obligation shall have occurred or be continuing, the Company shall
be entitled to the release of Collateral from the Collateral Account and from
the lien of this Agreement as follows:
(1) The Company shall be entitled to the release of the
Collateral on the date which is 91 days after the Execution Date.
(2) In addition to any right of the Company to release of all
Collateral from the Collateral Account pursuant to Sections 5(a)(1),
the Company shall be entitled to the release of all the Collateral from
the Collateral Account upon the payment and performance in full of all
Obligations.
(b) Except as set forth in Section 5(a), in no event may any
Collateral be released or withdrawn from the Collateral Account to any person
without the prior written authorization to the Pledgee by the Majority Holders
specifying the date and amount of such release or withdrawal. The Collateral
Account will be operated and maintained exclusively for the benefit of the
Pledgee and the Holders. The Company shall have no right to make or countermand
withdrawals from the Collateral Account. The Company and the Pledgee agree to
sign such consents and authorizations and to take all other actions as may be
required to permit the prompt release and disbursement of the Collateral as
provided in this Section 5.
6. ACCOUNT BANK. Pledgee hereby confirms the Account Bank as
its securities intermediary, agent and custodian, and the Account Bank hereby
agrees that it acts in such capacity and agrees to act as securities
intermediary, agent and custodian for the Collateral on the terms specified
herein and in ANNEX B.
7. DISTRIBUTIONS AND PROCEEDS. Unless and until an Event of
Default shall have occurred and be continuing, all interest and other amounts
payable or received in cash in respect of the Collateral, including, without
limitation, all proceeds of and from any of the Collateral, shall be held in the
Collateral Account. The Pledgee shall also be entitled to receive directly, and
shall retain as part of the Collateral and hold in the Collateral Account until
released pursuant to the terms hereof all other or additional securities or
property (other than cash) paid, distributed or received by way of dividend or
otherwise, including, without limitation, all proceeds of and from any of the
Collateral, as the case may be, in respect of the Collateral. All payments which
are received by the Company contrary to the provisions of this Section 7 or
Section 8 shall be received in trust for the benefit of the Pledgee, shall be
segregated from other property or funds of the Company and shall be forthwith
paid over to the Pledgee as Collateral for deposit in the Collateral Account in
the same form as so received (with any necessary endorsement).
8. REMEDIES IN CASE OF EVENT OF DEFAULT. In case an Event of
Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Pledgee shall be entitled to
exercise all of the rights, powers and remedies (whether vested in it by this
Agreement, the Note Purchase Agreements or the Notes or by law) for the
protection and enforcement of its rights in respect of the Collateral,
including, without limitation, all the rights and remedies of a secured party
upon a default under the UCC, and the Pledgee shall be entitled, without
limitation, to exercise the following rights, which the Company hereby agrees to
be commercially reasonable:
(a) to transfer all or any part of the Collateral into the
Pledgee's name or the name of its nominee or nominees; and
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<PAGE> 103
(b) at any time or from time to time to sell, assign and
deliver, or grant options to purchase, all or any part of the Government
Obligations or other non-cash assets included in the Collateral, or any interest
therein, at any public or private sale, without demand of performance,
advertisement or notice of intention to sell or of the time or place of sale or
adjournment thereof or to redeem or otherwise (all of which are hereby waived by
the Company), for cash, on credit or for other property, for immediate or future
delivery without any assumption of credit risk, and for such price or prices and
on such terms as the Pledgee in its absolute discretion may determine, provided
that at least five days' notice of the time and place of any such sale shall be
given to the Company. Each purchaser at any such sale shall hold the property
sold absolutely free from any claim or right on the part of the Company, and the
Company hereby waives and releases to the fullest extent permitted by law any
right or equity of redemption with respect to the Collateral, whether before or
after sale hereunder, and all rights, if any, of marshaling the Collateral and
any other security for the Obligations or otherwise, and all rights, if any, of
stay and/or appraisal which it now has or may at any time in the future have
under rule of law or statute now existing or hereinafter enacted. At any such
sale, unless prohibited by applicable law, the Pledgee on behalf of the Holders
may bid for and purchase all or any part of the Collateral so sold free from any
such right or equity of redemption. Neither the Pledgee nor any Holder shall be
liable for failure to collect or realize upon any or all of the Collateral or
for any delay in so doing nor shall any of them be under any obligation to take
any action whatsoever with regard thereto.
9. REMEDIES, ETC. CUMULATIVE. Each right, power and remedy of
the Pledgee provided for in this Agreement, the Note Purchase Agreements or the
Notes or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or by statute shall be
cumulative and concurrent and shall be in addition to every other such right,
power or remedy. The exercise or commencement of the exercise by the Pledgee of
any one or more of the rights, powers or remedies provided for in this
Agreement, the Note Purchase Agreements or the Notes or now or hereafter
existing at law or in equity or by statute or otherwise shall not preclude the
simultaneous or later exercise by the Pledgee or any Holder of all such other
rights, powers or remedies, and no failure or delay on the part of the Pledgee
or any Holder to exercise any such right, power or remedy shall operate as a
waiver thereof.
10. APPLICATION OF PROCEEDS. (a) All moneys collected by the
Pledgee upon any receipt, sale or other disposition of Collateral through
enforcement, realization hereunder or otherwise, together with all other moneys
received by the Pledgee hereunder in respect of any Collateral, shall first be
applied to the payment of all fees, costs and expenses incurred by the Pledgee
in connection with such sale or disposition, the delivery of the Collateral or
the collection of any such moneys (including, without limitation, reasonable
attorneys' fees and expenses), and the balance of such moneys (the "Remaining
Proceeds") shall be applied by the Pledgee as required by the following
provisions of this Section 10.
(b) The Remaining Proceeds shall be applied (x) to satisfy the
Obligations with each Holder to receive an amount equal to its outstanding
Obligations or (y) if the available Remaining Proceeds are insufficient for the
payment in full of each Holder's outstanding Obligations, to satisfy a portion
of each Holders' outstanding Obligations equal to such Holder's pro rata share
(in relation to all Holders' outstanding Obligations) of the available Remaining
Proceeds. The balance of such Remaining Proceeds will be paid to the Company.
(c) The Company shall promptly after learning the same,
provide notice to the Pledgee containing information concerning conversions,
redemptions and repurchases of Notes in sufficient detail to permit the Pledgee
to administer this Section 10.
11. PURCHASERS OF COLLATERAL. Upon any sale of the Collateral
by the Pledgee hereunder (whether by virtue of the power of sale herein granted,
pursuant to judicial process or otherwise), the receipt of the Pledgee or the
officer making the sale shall be a sufficient
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<PAGE> 104
discharge to the purchaser or purchasers of the Collateral so sold, and such
purchaser or purchasers shall not be obligated to see to the application of any
part of the purchase money paid over to the Pledgee or such officer or be
answerable in any way for the misapplication or non- application thereof.
12. INDEMNITY. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold
harmless the Pledgee and the Account Bank from and against any and all claims,
demands, losses, judgments and liabilities (including liabilities for penalties)
of whatsoever kind or nature, and to reimburse the Pledgee and the Account Bank
for all costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses,
arising out of or resulting from this Agreement or the exercise by the Pledgee
or the Account Bank, as the case may be, of any right or remedy granted to it
hereunder or under the Note Purchase Agreements or the Notes; provided, that the
Company shall not be required to indemnify the Pledgee or the Account Bank to
the extent any claim, demand, loss, judgment, liability, cost or expense is
determined by final judgment (not subject to further appeal) of a court of
competent jurisdiction to have arisen primarily from the negligence or willful
misconduct of the Pledgee or the Account Bank, as the case may be. In no event
shall the Pledgee or the Account Bank be liable, in the absence of a
determination of negligence or willful misconduct on its part by final judgment
(not subject to further appeal) of a court of competent jurisdiction, for any
matter or thing in connection with this Agreement other than to account for
moneys actually received by it in accordance with the terms hereof. If and to
the extent that the obligations of the Company under this Section 12 are
unenforceable for any reason, the Company hereby agrees to make the maximum
contribution to the payment and satisfaction of such obligations which is
permissible under applicable law.
13. FURTHER ASSURANCES; POWER-OF-ATTORNEY. (a) The Company
agrees that it will join with the Pledgee in executing and, at its own expense,
file and refile under the UCC such financing statements, continuation statements
and other documents in such offices as the Pledgee may reasonably deem necessary
or appropriate and wherever required or permitted by law in order to perfect and
preserve the Pledgee's security interest in the Collateral and hereby authorizes
the Pledgee to file financing statements and amendments thereto relative to all
or any part of the Collateral without the signature of the Company where
permitted by law, and agrees to do such further acts and things and to execute
and deliver to the Pledgee such additional conveyances, assignments, agreements
and instruments as the Pledgee may reasonably require or deem advisable to carry
into effect the purposes of this Agreement or to further assure and confirm unto
the Pledgee its rights, powers and remedies hereunder.
(b) The Company hereby appoints the Pledgee the Company's
attorney-in-fact, with full authority in the place and stead of the Company and
in the name of the Company or otherwise, from time to time after the occurrence
and during the continuance of an Event of Default, in the Pledgee's discretion
to take any action and to execute any instrument which the Pledgee may
reasonably deem necessary or advisable to accomplish the purposes of this
Agreement. This power of attorney is coupled with an interest and shall not be
terminable for so long as any Collateral remains subject to the security
interest granted to the Pledgee hereunder.
14. CONCERNING THE PLEDGEE. (a) The Pledgee will hold in
accordance with this Agreement all items of the Collateral at any time received
under this Agreement. It is expressly understood and agreed that the obligations
of the Pledgee as holder of the Collateral and interests therein and with
respect to the disposition thereof, and otherwise under this Agreement, are only
those expressly set forth in this Agreement. The duties of the Pledgee hereunder
shall terminate when all the Collateral has been released pursuant hereto. The
Pledgee shall act hereunder on the terms and conditions set forth herein and in
ANNEX A hereto. The Pledgee hereby waives for the benefit of the Holders any
claim, right or lien of the Pledgee against the Collateral arising under
applicable law or arising from any business or transaction between the Pledgee
and the Company other than pursuant to this Agreement.
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<PAGE> 105
(b) Prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall provide the
Pledgee with a list of the Holders setting forth the respective principal
amounts of their Notes to enable the Pledgee to determine those Holders which
represent Majority Holders. Thereafter, the Company shall update such list when
changes in the outstanding principal amounts of the several Notes affects the
determination of which Holders then constitute the Majority Holders.
15. TRANSFER BY THE COMPANY. The Company will not sell or
otherwise dispose of, grant any option with respect to, or mortgage, pledge or
otherwise encumber any of the Collateral or any interest therein except in
accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the Note Purchase Agreements and
the Notes.
16. REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY.
The Company represents and warrants to, and covenants and agrees with, the
Pledgee for the benefit of the Holders that (a) except as otherwise set forth in
this Agreement, it is and will be the legal, record and beneficial owner of, and
has good and marketable title to, the Collateral, subject to no Adverse Claim,
except the liens and security interests created by this Agreement; (b) it has
full power, authority and legal right to pledge all the Collateral pursuant to
this Agreement; (c) this Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the
Company and constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company
enforceable in accordance with its terms; (d) the execution, delivery and
performance of this Agreement will not violate any provision of any applicable
law or regulation or of any order, judgment, writ, award or decree of any court,
arbitrator or governmental authority, domestic or foreign, or of any securities
issued by the Company, or of any mortgage, indenture, lease, contract or other
agreement, instrument or undertaking to which the Company is a party or which
purports to be binding upon the Company or upon any of its assets and will not
result in the creation or imposition of any lien or encumbrance on any of the
assets of the Company except as contemplated by this Agreement; (e) this
Agreement creates, and will continue to create so long as any Obligations are
outstanding, as security for the Obligations, a valid and enforceable perfected
security interest and lien on and first priority security interest in and
security entitlement to the Collateral in favor of the Pledgee for the benefit
of the Holders sufficient to make the Pledgee an entitlement holder with respect
to the Collateral constituting Government Obligations or investment securities
pursuant to 31 C.F.R. Part 357 and the Designated UCC Provisions, subject to no
other Adverse Claim; and (f) no consent, filing, approval, registration,
recording, registration or other action is required (x) for the grant of the
security interest by the Company in the Collateral pursuant to this Agreement or
for the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement by the Company, or
(y) to perfect the security interest and lien purported to be created by this
Agreement, in each case except as has been accomplished. The Company further
represents and warrants that its chief executive office is located at the
address set forth below for notices to be given hereunder, and the Company keeps
and maintains its books and records, including all books and records relating to
the Collateral Account, at such address. The Company covenants and agrees that
it will not change the location of its chief executive office or of its books
and records (including the books and records relating to the Collateral Account)
without giving Pledgee at least 45 days prior notice thereof. The Company
covenants and agrees that it will defend the Pledgee's right, title and security
interest in and to the Collateral and the proceeds thereof against the claims
and demands of all persons whomsoever; and the Company covenants and agrees that
it will have like title to and right to pledge any other funds, Government
Obligations or property at any time hereafter pledged to the Pledgee as
Collateral hereunder and will likewise defend the right thereto and security
interest therein of the Pledgee and the Holders.
17. SURVIVAL. All representations, warranties, covenants and
agreements of the Company and of the Pledgee contained herein will survive the
execution and delivery hereof, the establishment of the Collateral Account and
the release of any Collateral pursuant hereto and shall remain operative and in
full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of
the Pledgee or the Company or any person who controls the Pledgee or the
Company.
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<PAGE> 106
18. COMPANY'S OBLIGATIONS ABSOLUTE, ETC. The obligations of
the Company under this Agreement shall be absolute and unconditional and shall
remain in full force and effect without regard to, and shall not be released,
suspended, discharged, terminated or otherwise affected by, any circumstance or
occurrence whatsoever, including, without limitation: (a) any renewal,
extension, amendment or modification of or addition or supplement to or deletion
from any of the Note Purchase Agreements, the Notes or any other instrument or
agreement referred to therein, or any assignment or transfer of any thereof; (b)
any waiver, consent, extension, indulgence or other action or inaction under or
in respect of any such agreement or instrument or this Agreement; (c) any
furnishing of any additional security to the Pledgee or its assignees or any
acceptance thereof or any release of any security by the Pledgee or its
assignees; (d) any limitation on any party's liability or obligations under any
such instrument or agreement or any invalidity or unenforceability, in whole or
in part, of any such instrument or agreement or any term thereof; or (e) any
bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, composition, adjustment, dissolution,
liquidation or other like proceeding relating to the Company, or any action
taken with respect to this Agreement by any trustee or receiver, or by any
court, in any such proceeding, whether or not the Company shall have notice or
knowledge of any of the foregoing.
19. NOTICES, ETC. All notices and other communications
hereunder shall be in writing and shall be delivered (which shall include
transmission by telephone line facsimile transmission) or mailed by first class
mail, postage prepaid, to the parties at their addresses set forth below and
shall be effective upon receipt, if so delivered, or five days after being
placed in the facilities of the United States Postal Service, if mailed:
(a) if to the Company, at: Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
213 East Grand Avenue
South San Francisco, California 94080
Attention: President and Chief
Executive Officer
Telephone: (415) 952-7070
Facsimile: (415) 873-8367
(b) if to the Pledgee, at: First Trust of California, N.A.
One California Street, 4th Floor
San Francisco, California 94111
Attention: Ms. Ann Gadsby
Assistant Vice President
Telephone: (415) 273-4532
Facsimile: (415) 273-4593
in either such case
with a copy to: Law Offices of Brian W Pusch
Penthouse Suite
29 West 57th Street
New York, New York 10019
Telephone: (212) 980-0408
Facsimile: (212) 980-7055
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20. FEE SCHEDULE. The Company agrees to compensate the Pledgee
for its services rendered under this Agreement in accordance with the Fee
Schedule attached as ANNEX C hereto.
21. WAIVER; AMENDMENT. None of the terms and conditions of
this Agreement may be changed, waived, modified or varied in any manner
whatsoever unless in writing duly signed by the party to be charged with the
enforcement thereof and, in the case of the Pledgee, with the written consent of
the Majority Holders or, as and to the extent required by the Notes, all of the
Holders.
22. MISCELLANEOUS. This Agreement shall create a continuing
security interest in the Collateral and this Agreement and such security
interest shall (a) remain in full force and effect, subject to release and/or
termination as set forth in Section 5, (b) be binding upon the Company, its
successors, transferees and assigns and (c) inure, together with the rights and
remedies of the Pledgee hereunder, to the benefit of the Pledgee, the Holders
and their successors, transferees and assigns. Without limiting the foregoing,
the Company agrees that any company into which the Pledgee may be merged or with
which it may be consolidated, or any company to whom the Pledgee may transfer a
substantial amount of its global escrow business, shall be the successor to the
Pledgee without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the
part of any of the parties to this Agreement, anything herein to the contrary
notwithstanding. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE CONSTRUED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE
WITH AND GOVERNED BY THE INTERNAL LAW OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA, EXCEPT TO THE
EXTENT THAT UNDER THE CALIFORNIA UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE THE LAWS OF ANOTHER
JURISDICTION GOVERN MATTERS OF PERFECTION AND THE EFFECT OF PERFECTION OR
NON-PERFECTION OF ANY SECURITY INTEREST GRANTED HEREUNDER. THE PARTIES HERETO
AGREE THAT FOR ALL PURPOSES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE DESIGNATED UCC
PROVISIONS AND 31 C.F.R. PART 357, THE JURISDICTION OF THE PLEDGEE AND OF THE
ACCOUNT BANK IS THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA. The headings of the several sections
and subsections in this Agreement are for purposes of reference only and shall
not limit or define the meaning hereof. This Agreement may be executed in any
number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of
which shall constitute one instrument. This Agreement, once executed by a party,
may be delivered to the other party hereto by telephone line facsimile
transmission of a copy of this Agreement bearing the signature of the party so
delivering this Agreement. In the event that any provision of this Agreement
shall prove to be invalid or unenforceable, such provision shall be deemed to be
severable from the other provisions of this Agreement which shall remain binding
on all parties hereto.
23. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. The Company hereby irrevocably
waives all right to a trial by jury in any action, proceeding or counterclaim
arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated
hereby.
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<PAGE> 108
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company and the Pledgee have caused
this Pledge and Security Agreement to be executed by their duly elected officers
duly authorized as of the date first above written.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By:
---------------------------------
Name:
Title:
FIRST TRUST OF CALIFORNIA, N.A.,
as Collateral Agent
By:
---------------------------------
Denise Burns
Vice President
By executing and delivering a counterpart of this Agreement, the Account Bank
hereby (1) accepts its appointment pursuant to Section 6 of this Agreement and
(2) agrees to be bound by the provisions of Sections 4(b) and 21 of this
Agreement.
FIRST BANK, N.A.
By:
---------------------------------
Name:
Title:
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<PAGE> 109
ANNEX A
TO
PLEDGE AND
SECURITY
AGREEMENT
THE PLEDGEE
1. APPOINTMENT. The Holders (all capitalized terms used herein
and not otherwise defined shall have the respective meanings provided in the
Pledge and Security Agreement to which this ANNEX A is attached (the "Security
Agreement")), by their acceptance of the benefits of the Security Agreement,
hereby irrevocably designate First Trust of California, N.A. as Pledgee to act
as specified herein and in the Security Agreement. Each Holder hereby
irrevocably authorizes, and each holder of any promissory note which is secured
pursuant to the Security Agreement (each a "Note" and collectively the "Notes")
by the acceptance of such Note shall be deemed irrevocably to authorize, the
Pledgee to take such action on its behalf under the provisions of the Security
Agreement and any other instruments and agreements referred to herein or therein
and to exercise such powers and to perform such duties hereunder and thereunder
as are specifically delegated to or required of the Pledgee by the terms hereof
and thereof and such other powers as are reasonably incidental thereto. The
Pledgee may perform any of its duties hereunder by or through its agents or
employees.
2. NATURE OF DUTIES. The Pledgee shall have no duties or
responsibilities except those expressly set forth in the Security Agreement.
Neither the Pledgee nor any of its officers, directors, employees or agents
shall be liable for any action taken or omitted by it as such under the Security
Agreement or hereunder or in connection herewith or therewith, unless caused by
its or their negligent, reckless or willful conduct or failure to perform any
act required to be performed by law or the Security Agreement. The duties of the
Pledgee shall be mechanical and administrative in nature; the Pledgee shall not
have by reason of the Security Agreement or any Note Purchase Agreement or Note
a fiduciary relationship in respect of any Holder; and nothing in the Security
Agreement, expressed or implied, is intended to or shall be so construed as to
impose upon the Pledgee any obligations in respect of the Security Agreement
except as expressly set forth herein.
3. LACK OF RELIANCE ON THE PLEDGEE. Independently and without
reliance upon the Pledgee, each Holder, to the extent it deems appropriate, has
made and shall continue to make (i) its own independent investigation of the
financial condition and affairs of the Company and its subsidiaries in
connection with the making and the continuance of the Obligations and the taking
or not taking of any action in connection therewith, and (ii) its own appraisal
of the creditworthiness of Company and its subsidiaries, and the Pledgee shall
have no duty or responsibility, either initially or on a continuing basis, to
provide any Holder with any credit or other information with respect thereto,
whether coming into its possession before the extension of any Obligations or
the purchase of any Notes, or at any time or times thereafter. The Pledgee and
the Account Bank shall not be responsible to any Holder for any recitals,
statements, information, representations or warranties herein or in any
document, certificate or other writing delivered in connection herewith or for
the execution, effectiveness, genuineness, validity, enforceability, perfection,
collectibility, priority or sufficiency of the Security Agreement or the
financial condition of the Company or be required to make any inquiry concerning
either the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions or
conditions of the Security Agreement, or the financial condition of the Company,
or the existence or possible existence of any Event of Default or Repurchase
Event.
4. CERTAIN RIGHTS OF THE PLEDGEE. No Holder shall have the
right to cause the Pledgee to take any action with respect to the Collateral,
with only the Majority Holders
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<PAGE> 110
having the right to direct the Pledgee to take any such action. If the Pledgee
shall request instructions from the Majority Holders with respect to any act or
action (including failure to act) in connection with the Security Agreement, the
Pledgee shall be entitled to refrain from such act or taking such action unless
and until it shall have received instructions from the Majority Holders (which
instruction shall state that the Holders who sign such instruction constitute
the Majority Holders as defined in this Agreement), and to the extent requested,
appropriate indemnification from the Holders who execute any such instruction in
respect of actions to be taken by the Pledgee; and the Pledgee shall not incur
liability to any person by reason of so refraining. Without limiting the
foregoing, no Holder shall have any right of action whatsoever against the
Pledgee as a result of the Pledgee acting or refraining from acting (x)
hereunder in accordance with the instructions of the Majority Holders or (y)
under any Note Purchase Agreement or Note as provided for therein.
5. RELIANCE. The Pledgee shall be entitled to rely, and shall
be fully protected in relying, upon any note, writing, resolution, notice,
statement, certificate, telex, teletype or telecopier message, cablegram,
radiogram, order or other document or telephone message signed, sent or made by
the proper person or entity, and, with respect to all legal matters pertaining
to the Security Agreement and its duties thereunder, upon advice of counsel
selected by it.
6. INDEMNIFICATION. To the extent the Pledgee is not
reimbursed and indemnified by Company and/or its subsidiaries, the Holders will
reimburse and indemnify the Pledgee, in proportion to their respective principal
amounts of Obligations, for and against any and all liabilities, obligations,
losses, damages, penalties, actions, judgments, suits, costs, expenses or
disbursements of any kind or nature whatsoever which may be imposed on, incurred
by or asserted against the Pledgee in performing its duties hereunder or under
the Security Agreement, or in any way relating to or arising out of the Security
Agreement except for those determined by a final judgment (not subject to
further appeal) of a court of competent jurisdiction to have resulted solely
from the Pledgee's own negligence or willful misconduct.
7. THE PLEDGEE IN ITS INDIVIDUAL CAPACITY. The Pledgee and its
affiliates may lend money to, purchase, sell and trade in securities of and
generally engage in any kind of business with the Company or any affiliate or
subsidiary of the Company as if it were not performing the duties specified
herein, and may accept fees and other consideration from the Company for
services to the Company in connection with the Note Purchase Agreements and the
Notes and otherwise without having to account for the same to the Holders;
provided, however, that the Pledgee, on behalf of itself and such affiliates,
hereby waives any claim, right or lien against the Collateral in any way arising
from or relating to any such loan, securities transaction or business with the
Company.
8. HOLDERS. The Pledgee may deem and treat the payee of any
Note as the owner thereof for all purposes hereof unless and until a written
notice of the assignment, transfer or endorsement thereof, as the case may be,
shall have been filed with the Pledgee. Any request, authority or consent of any
person or entity who, at the time of making such request or giving such
authority or consent, is the holder of any Note shall be conclusive and binding
on any subsequent holder, transferee, assignee or endorsee, as the case may be,
of such Note or of any Note(s) issued in exchange therefor.
9. RESIGNATION BY THE PLEDGEE. (a) The Pledgee may resign from
the performance of all its functions and duties under the Security Agreement at
any time by giving 60 Business Days' prior written notice (as provided in the
Security Agreement) to the Company and the Holders. Such resignation shall take
effect upon the appointment of a successor Pledgee pursuant to clauses (b) and
(c) below.
(b) Upon any such notice of resignation, the Majority Holders
shall appoint a successor Pledgee hereunder who shall be a Holder.
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<PAGE> 111
(c) If a successor Pledgee shall not have been so appointed
within said 60 Business Day period, the Pledgee shall then appoint a successor
Pledgee who shall serve as Pledgee hereunder or thereunder until such time, if
any, as the Majority Holders appoint a successor Pledgee as provided above. If a
successor Pledgee has not been appointed within such 60-day period, the Pledgee
may petition any court of competent jurisdiction or may interplead the Company
and Holders in a proceeding for the appointment of a successor Pledgee, and all
fees, including but not limited to extraordinary fees associated with the filing
of interpleader, and expenses associated therewith shall be payable by the
Company.
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<PAGE> 112
ANNEX B
TO
PLEDGE AND
SECURITY
AGREEMENT
THE ACCOUNT BANK
1. ROLE AS SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY. The Account Bank hereby
agrees to act as securities intermediary on the terms hereinafter specified. The
Account Bank represents that (i) it is a bank that in the ordinary course of its
business maintains security accounts for others and is acting in that capacity
with respect to the Account, (ii) the Account Bank is eligible to maintain and
maintains a Participant's Securities Account (as such term is defined in 31
C.F.R. Section357.2) at the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis for each of the
pertinent types of Government Obligations which shall be book-entry securities
and (iii) all entries made on the books of the Account Bank with respect to the
book-entry securities included in the Collateral will be complete and accurate
in all respects.
2. CUSTODY OF ASSETS. The Account Bank shall act as securities
intermediary for the Pledgee with respect to Government Obligations and other
property, including all income thereon and proceeds from the sale or maturity
thereof (collectively, the "Assets") from time to time delivered to or received
by it to be held in the Pledgee's custodial account entitled "Shaman
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Noteholder Collateral Account for First Trust of
California, N.A., as Collateral Agent" (the "Collateral Account") and shall be
segregated at all times (except for cash and Assets held in book entry form
which shall be appropriately designated as property of Pledgee) from the
securities and property of any other person or entity. The Account Bank hereby
waives for the benefit of the Holders any claim, right or lien of the Account
Bank against the Collateral arising under applicable law or arising from any
business or transaction between the Account Bank and the Pledgee or the Company
other than pursuant to this Agreement.
The Collateral Account is being established by the Pledgee
pursuant to the Pledge and Security Agreement to which this ANNEX B is attached
(all capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the
respective meanings provided in the Pledge and Security Agreement).
3. ASSETS HELD IN BOOK-ENTRY SYSTEM. As used herein, the term
"Assets" shall include all securities held on behalf of the Pledgee in the
Federal Reserve/Treasury book-entry system.
4. REGISTRATION OF ASSETS. All assets which are in registered
form shall, unless the Account Bank is otherwise Instructed (as hereafter
defined) in writing, be registered in accordance with paragraph 2 above in the
name of the Pledgee.
5. INCOME ON ASSETS. The Account Bank shall take all steps
necessary or advisable to collect the dividends, interest and other income on
the Assets and shall credit, subject to the terms of the Security Agreement,
said income to the Collateral Account from time to time, provided that the
Account Bank shall not be required to initiate proceedings with respect to such
collection. All income credited to the Collateral Account shall be promptly
reinvested or distributed to the Pledgee in accordance with the Pledgee's
Instructions given from time to time, subject to the terms of the Security
Agreement.
6. PURCHASES AND SALES OF ASSETS. Subject to the terms of the
Security Agreement, the Account Bank shall promptly effect purchases and sales
of the Assets in accordance with the Pledgee's Instructions or instructions of
the Pledgee's designee from time to
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<PAGE> 113
time, and shall take all steps necessary or advisable to collect the proceeds of
any Assets which are sold, redeemed or which have matured and shall promptly
deposit said proceeds in the Collateral Account, provided that the Account Bank
shall not be responsible for the collection of Assets called for redemption or
otherwise payable (other than by reason of sale or other disposition by the
Collateral Account Bank) unless notice thereof is published in national
financial reporting services to which the Account Bank subscribes, or notice is
otherwise received by the Account Bank. The Account Bank shall not be under any
duty to advise or recommend any sales or purchases of Assets for the Pledgee's
account.
7. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY; RESPONSIBILITIES. (a) The Account
Bank shall not be liable for any loss or damage suffered by the Pledgee as the
result of any act or omission of any broker or other agent engaged by the
Pledgee in effecting purchases, sales or exchanges of Assets except to the
extent of any liability caused by (i) the negligent, reckless or willful conduct
of the Account Bank or its subagent or subcustodian or (ii) the failure of the
Account Bank or its subagent or subcustodian to perform any act required by law
or this Agreement. The Account Bank shall not be liable for loss or damage
caused directly or indirectly by invasion, insurrection, riot, war, nuclear
disaster, order of civil authority or any other causes beyond its control.
(b) The Account Bank shall not be responsible to file any tax
returns or pay any taxes due in connection with the Assets held hereunder and
the income therefrom.
8. STATEMENTS. The Account Bank shall deliver to the Pledgee
periodically in accordance with its standard practices a statement of all
accounts maintained hereunder showing all receipts, disbursements and other
transactions affecting the Assets during the applicable period. The scope,
content and frequency of the statements required hereunder may be changed from
time to time upon the mutual written agreement of the parties hereto.
9. OTHER ACQUISITIONS. The Pledgee authorizes the Account Bank
to act, and the Account Bank agrees that it shall act for the Pledgee from time
to time, in the acceptance of the delivery from a fiduciary or a donor to the
Pledgee of securities, cash or other property. Upon delivery to it of
securities, cash or other property to be credited to the Collateral Account,
whether as the result of a purchase or distribution of a bequest or gift, the
Account Bank shall promptly notify the Pledgee and issue to it a receipt setting
forth an accurate description of each item received, together with the face
value thereof in the case of an evidence of indebtedness and the number of
shares in the case of stock.
10. WITHDRAWAL OF ASSETS. (a) No cash, securities, evidences
of indebtedness or any other property included in the Assets may be withdrawn
from the Account Bank except in accordance with the Pledgee's Instructions.
(b) Upon receipt of such Instructions and subject to the terms
and conditions thereof, the Account Bank shall deliver the items specified
therein to the person or entity designated and shall obtain a proper receipt
therefor.
(c) In connection with the sale of any Assets, the Account
Bank shall make delivery of such Assets only against payment therefor, in
federal funds or by certified check or bank cashier's check, provided that,
consistent with customary practice at the place of delivery, the Account Bank
may (i) make delivery for inspection prior to sale at the purchaser's location,
upon delivery to the Account Bank of a proper receipt therefor, to a member of
registered national securities exchange or bank or trust company. In no event
shall the Account Bank be liable hereunder for not delivering Assets in
accordance with the Pledgee's Instructions where such delivery is withheld by
reason of the purchaser's inability or unwillingness to make a payment
B-2
<PAGE> 114
therefore in federal funds or by certified or bank cashier's check or as
otherwise provided in this paragraph 10(c).
(d) Any cash included in the Assets may be withdrawn from the
Account Bank in accordance with the terms of paragraph 10(a) provided, however,
that subject to a transfer or other disposition of securities by bookkeeping
entry in connection with the Account Bank's participation (through its agent) in
the Federal Reserve/Treasury book-entry system, the Account Bank shall make
payments of cash to, or from the account of, Pledgee only (i) for the purchase
of Government Obligations or other Assets and delivery of such securities or
other Assets to the Account Bank in proper form for transfer; (ii) for the
payment of the Account Bank's expenses and fees authorized in this Agreement;
and (iii) for payments in connection with the conversion, exchange or surrender
of Government Obligations included in the Assets.
(e) The Account Bank shall promptly notify the Pledgee of all
withdrawals from or deliveries to the Account Bank for the Pledgee's account
hereunder.
11. INDEMNITY. With respect to any Assets received by the
Account Bank and registered in the name of the Pledgee or held on behalf of the
Pledgee, solely in its capacity as such, in the Federal Reserve/Treasury
book-entry system, the Account Bank shall be fully responsible and liable for
and shall indemnify and hold the Pledgee harmless against any loss, damage or
expense (including attorney's fees and amounts paid with the Account Bank's
consent in settlement of any claim or action) which the Pledgee may sustain
resulting from (i) any act of the Account Bank which has not been authorized
hereunder or (ii) any failure by the Account Bank to perform any of its
obligations. Except with respect to the extent the same may result, directly or
indirectly, from any negligent act or omission or willful or reckless misconduct
of the Account Bank or any failure of the Account Bank to perform any of the
Account Bank's obligations under this Agreement, the Pledgee shall indemnify and
hold the Account Bank harmless against any loss, damage or expense (including
attorney's fees and amounts paid, with the Pledgee's consent, in settlement of
any claim or action) which the Account Bank may sustain resulting from its
performance in accordance with this Agreement.
12. INSTRUCTIONS. As used in this Agreement, the term
"Instructions" or "Instructed" by the Pledgee means a request or order given or
delivered to the Account Bank by an authorized representative of the Pledgee.
Unless specifically required herein to be in writing, Instructions may be oral
or written; provided, that any oral Instructions shall be promptly confirmed in
writing. Failure to provide a written confirmation of oral Instructions shall
not invalidate any such Instructions.
13. APPLICABLE LAW. The agreement set forth in this ANNEX B
shall be interpreted and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of
California.
B-3
<PAGE> 115
ANNEX C
to
PLEDGE AND
SECURITY
AGREEMENT
FIRST TRUST CALIFORNIA
FIRST TRUST OF CALIFORNIA, National Association
Global Escrow Depository Services
Fee Schedule
for Holding (Depository) Escrows
I. Acceptance Fee:
Covers the escrow agent's examination of governing instruments and all
supporting documentation as well as set up of required records and accounts.
Payable at opening.
Consideration Fees
$0 - 499,999 $ 500
$500,000-999,999 $1,000
$1.0 - 2.49 million $2,000
$2.5 - 4.9 million $3,000
$5.0 - 9.99 million $4,000
$10.0 million and above $5,000
Plus $0.10 per $1,000
over $10 million
II. Annual Administration Fee: $1,000
Covers ordinary escrow agent services, such as maintenance of records,
examination of notices to determine compliance with the governing instrument,
and preparation and distribution of accounting statements. Payable annually
in advance.
III. Investment Processing Fees:
First Bank System Investments No Charge
Outside investments 50 Basis Pts. of income earned
(minimum $250)
IV. Activity Fees:
Deposits and/or Disbursements (per transaction) $ 20
Wire transfers (incoming or outgoing) $ 25
(New: Deposits & Disbursement charges are waived
if utilizing wire transfers)
Off-site Closing (CA) $500
Out-of-State Closing At Cost
V. Out-of-pocket Expenses: Billed at Cost
Expenses including but not limited to stationery, postage,
telephone, insurance, shipping, Telex/Telegram, services
of outside counsel and agents. (Plus indirect out-of-pocket
at 3% of annual administration fees.)
VI. Extraordinary Services and Expenses:
Charges for performing other escrow services not specifically
covered in this schedule will be determined by an appraisal of
the services rendered.
All Escrow Fees are Non-Proratable and Non-Refundable
The fees shown in this schedule may be increased upon thirty (30) days notice.
<PAGE> 116
ANNEX IV
TO
NOTE PURCHASE
AGREEMENT
TRANSFER AGENT AGREEMENT
THIS TRANSFER AGENT AGREEMENT, dated as of _____, 1997, by and
among SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"),
BOSTON EQUISERVE, SERVICING AGENT FOR BANKBOSTON, N.A., as Transfer Agent and
Registrar (the "Transfer Agent"), and each of the holders of Notes (as defined
below) named on the signature pages hereto (each, a "Holder" and collectively,
the "Holders").
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, pursuant to the several Note Purchase Agreements,
dated as of June __, 1997, by and between the Company and each Holder (the
"Purchase Agreements"), the Holders agreed, upon the terms and subject to the
conditions of the Purchase Agreements, to purchase from the Company certain
Senior Subordinated Convertible Notes due 2000 (as amended from time to time,
the "Notes"), of the Company; and
WHEREAS, as a condition precedent to the obligation of the
Holders to purchase the Notes, the Holders require the execution and delivery of
this Agreement by the Company and the Transfer Agent to assure that the Holders
and each other holder of the Notes (as used
herein, the term "Holders" shall include the registered assigns with respect to
the Notes of the original Holders who are parties hereto) will be assured of the
timely issuance and receipt of shares of Common Stock, $.001 par value (the
"Common Stock"), of the Company upon conversion of Notes;
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual
covenants contained herein and other good and valuable consideration, the
receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto
agree as follows:
1. DELIVERIES BY THE COMPANY. Contemporaneously with the
execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company is delivering to the
Transfer Agent the following:
(a) a list showing the name and address of each holder of
record of the Notes, and the date of issuance and principal amount of
each Note;
(b) an opinion of Brobeck, Phleger & Harrison, counsel to the
Company (i) as to the due authorization, validity of issuance and
fully-paid and non-assessable nature of the shares (the "Common
Shares") of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes, and
(ii) stating that the Common Shares have been registered for resale by
the Holders under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Securities Act"), pursuant to a registration statement which has been
declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
"SEC");
(c) an opinion of the Law Offices of Brian W Pusch, counsel to
Diaz & Altschul Capital, LLC and Delta Opportunity Fund, Ltd., to the
effect that the Notes have been or will be, and the Common Shares may
be, issued to each holder of the Notes without registration under the
Securities Act; and
<PAGE> 117
(d) the form of Notice of Conversion of Senior Subordinated
Convertible Note (the "Conversion Notice") relating to the Notes.
2. ISSUANCE OF COMMON SHARES. (a) The Transfer Agent hereby
agrees to act as conversion agent for the Notes. The Company hereby irrevocably
instructs the Transfer Agent to issue the Common Shares upon conversion of all
or any part of the outstanding principal amounts of the Notes from time to time
upon receipt of a Conversion Notice. A Conversion Notice may be given by
telephone line facsimile transmission to the Transfer Agent or otherwise given
to the Transfer Agent, in each such case at the address and in the manner
provided in Section 6(g). The Note need not be surrendered in connection with
the conversion thereof by the Holder unless the entire unpaid principal amount
of the Note is so converted. The Company may by notice to the Holder from time
to time require the Holder to surrender the Note in exchange for the issuance by
the Company of a new Note in a principal amount equal to the outstanding
principal amount of the Note and otherwise having terms identical to the Note.
(b) The certificates for Common Shares shall not bear any
restrictive legend and neither the Company nor the Transfer Agent shall place
any stop-transfer restriction against any Common Shares.
3. CONVERSION AND EXERCISE OBLIGATIONS ABSOLUTE; NO CONTRARY
INSTRUCTIONS. (a) If a Holder shall have given a Conversion Notice for
conversion of a Note, the Company shall issue and deliver as stated in such
Conversion Notice the Common Shares issuable upon such conversion within three
business days after such Conversion Notice is given and the person converting
shall be deemed to be the holder of record of the Common Shares issuable upon
such conversion, and all rights with respect to that portion of such Note so
converted shall forthwith terminate except the right to receive the Common
Shares or other securities, cash, or other assets as provided in such Note. The
Transfer Agent acknowledges and agrees that, if a Holder shall have given a
Conversion Notice as provided herein, the Company's obligation to issue and
deliver the certificates for Common Shares upon such conversion shall be
absolute and unconditional, irrespective of any action or inaction by the
converting Holder to enforce the same, any waiver or consent with respect to any
provision thereof, the recovery of any judgment against any person or any action
to enforce the same, any failure or delay in the enforcement of any other
obligation of the Company to the Holder of record, or any setoff, counterclaim,
recoupment, limitation or termination, or any breach or alleged breach by the
Holder or any other person of any obligation to the Company or any violation or
alleged violation of law by the Holder or any other person, and irrespective of
any other circumstance which might otherwise limit such obligation of the
Company to the Holder in connection with such conversion; provided, however,
that nothing herein shall limit or prejudice the right of the Company to pursue
any such claim in any other manner permitted by applicable law.
(b) The Company agrees not to give any instruction to the
Transfer Agent which is contrary to this Agreement. The Transfer Agent hereby
agrees that it will disregard any request, instruction or other communication
from or on behalf of the Company which is contrary to or inconsistent with this
Agreement. The Company shall not appoint any transfer agent (other than the
Transfer Agent) or registrar for its Common Stock unless at the time of such
appointment any such successor enters into an agreement of like tenor with this
Agreement.
(c) As set forth in Section 2.3 of each Note, the number of
Common Shares to be issued in connection with a particular conversion of all or
a portion of such Note is, absent manifest error, conclusively the number of
Common Shares stated in the applicable Conversion Notice. If in connection with
a particular conversion of all or a portion of a Note the Company determines
that manifest error has been made by virtue of the conversion price or other
information set forth in the applicable Conversion Notice, the Company shall,
within three business days after the Holder gives such Conversion Notice, notify
the Transfer Agent and the Holder of such error,
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<PAGE> 118
which notice shall state the number of Common Shares in dispute, and,
notwithstanding such notice from the Company, the Transfer Agent shall issue and
deliver the number of Common Shares not in dispute as and when required by this
Agreement. A Conversion Notice shall be deemed for all purposes to be in proper
form unless the Company otherwise notifies the Holder by telephone line
facsimile transmission within three business days after a Conversion Notice has
been given (which notice from the Company shall specify all defects in the
Conversion Notice), and any Conversion Notice containing any such defect shall
nonetheless be effective on the date given if the Holder promptly undertakes in
writing to correct all such defects. If the Company shall have notified the
Transfer Agent and the Holder of any claim of manifest error, the Company shall
on the date such notice is given submit the dispute to Ernst & Young LLP or
another firm of independent public accountants of recognized national standing
(the "Auditors") for determination and shall instruct the Auditors to resolve
such dispute and to notify the Company, the Transfer Agent and the converting
Holder of such Note within one business day after such dispute is submitted to
the Auditors. Immediately after receipt of timely notice of the Auditors'
determination (but in any event within three business days after the applicable
Conversion Notice is given to the Transfer Agent), the Transfer Agent shall
issue to the converting Holder any additional Common Shares to which such Holder
is entitled based on the determination of the Auditor. The Transfer Agent is
authorized and directed to rely on the Auditors' determination. If the Auditors
shall fail to notify the Transfer Agent of their determination within three
business days after the applicable Conversion Notice is given to the Transfer
Agent, then the Transfer Agent shall, within three business days after receipt
of the applicable Conversion Notice, issue to the converting Holder any
additional shares of Common Stock to which the Holder is entitled based on the
applicable Conversion Notice. Such immediate and prompt action shall be taken by
all the parties hereto in order to assure that there shall be full compliance
with the Company's unqualified obligation that all Common Shares issuable upon
such conversion be issued by the due date therefor as provided herein and in the
Note.
4. TRANSFER AGENT DUTIES. The obligations and duties of the
Transfer Agent under this Agreement are at all times and in all respects subject
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the
"Exchange Act"), and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder applicable
to transfer agents registered with the SEC. This Agreement relates only to the
Transfer Agent's duties as conversion agent for the Notes and does not otherwise
limit or effect the Transfer Agent's other duties, obligations and agreements
relating to its service as transfer agent and registrar for the Common Stock.
5. INDEMNIFICATION. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold
harmless the Transfer Agent, each officer, director, employee and agent of the
Transfer Agent, and each person, if any, who controls the Transfer Agent within
the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act against any losses,
claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which it, they or any of
them, or such controlling person, may become subject, under the Securities Act,
the Exchange Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or
liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon the
performance by the Transfer Agent of its duties pursuant to this Agreement; and
will reimburse the Transfer Agent, and each officer, director, employee and
agent of the Transfer Agent, and each such controlling person for any legal or
other expenses reasonably incurred by it or any of them in connection with
investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action;
provided, however, that the Company will not be liable in any case if such loss,
claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon any action not taken
in good faith, or any act or omission that constitutes gross negligence or
willful misconduct. Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this
Section 5 of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party
will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the Company under this
Section 5, notify in writing the Company of the commencement thereof, and
failure so to notify the Company will relieve the Company from any liability
under this Section 5 as to the particular item for which indemnification is then
being sought if such failure shall have materially prejudiced the Company's
right to defend or contest such
-3-
<PAGE> 119
action, but not from any other liability which it may have to any indemnified
party. In case any such action is brought against any indemnified party, and it
notifies the Company of the commencement thereof, the Company will be entitled
to participate with any other indemnifying party, similarly notified, to assume
the defense thereof, with counsel who shall be to the reasonable satisfaction of
such indemnified party, and after notice from such indemnifying party to such
indemnified party under this Section 5, shall be liable for any legal or other
expenses subsequently incurred by such indemnified party in connection with the
defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation. The Company shall
not be liable to any such indemnified party on account of any settlement of any
claim or action effected without the consent of the Company.
6. MISCELLANEOUS.
(a) This Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in
accordance with the laws of the State of California.
(b) This Agreement may be executed in counterparts and by the
parties hereto on separate counterparts, all of which together shall constitute
one and the same instrument. A facsimile transmission of this Agreement bearing
a signature on behalf of a party hereto shall be legal and binding on such
party.
(c) The headings of this Agreement are for convenience of
reference and shall not form part of, or affect the interpretation of, this
Agreement.
(d) If any provision of this Agreement shall be invalid or
unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity or unenforceability shall not
affect the validity or enforceability of the remainder of this Agreement or the
validity or enforceability of this Agreement in any other jurisdiction.
(e) No failure or delay by any party in exercising any right
or remedy under this Agreement or otherwise, and no course of dealing between
the parties, shall operate as a waiver thereof or amendment of this Agreement,
nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any
abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right or power,
preclude any other or further exercise thereof or exercise of any other right or
power.
(f) Neither this Agreement nor any term thereof (including
this paragraph) may be amended, changed, waived, discharged or terminated unless
such amendment, change, waiver, discharge or termination is in writing signed by
the Company, the Transfer Agent, and, with respect to the Holders, such Holders
which hold Notes, which, based on the original principal amount of the Notes,
represent a majority of the original aggregate principal amount of the Notes,
whether or not outstanding at such time.
(g) Any notices required or permitted to be given under the
terms of this Agreement shall be sent by mail or delivered personally (which
shall include telephone line facsimile transmission) or by courier and shall be
effective five days after being placed in the mail, if mailed, or upon receipt,
if delivered personally or by courier, in each case addressed to a party as
follows:
if to the Company:
Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
213 East Grand Avenue
South San Francisco, California 94080
Attention: President and Chief Executive Officer
-4-
<PAGE> 120
Facsimile No.: (415) 873-8367
if to the Transfer Agent:
Boston EquiServe, Servicing Agent for BankBoston, N.A.
150 Royall Street
Canton, Massachusetts 02021
Attention: Mr. Joseph S. Bagarella
Facsimile No.: (617) 575-2549
if to any Holder:
at the address and facsimile number set forth below its signature on
the signature pages hereto
or such other address as a party shall have provided by notice to the other
parties in accordance with this provision.
-5-
<PAGE> 121
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Transfer Agent Agreement has been
duly executed by the parties hereto by their respective officers or other
representatives thereunto duly authorized as of the date first set forth above.
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By
-----------------------------------
Name:
Title:
BOSTON EQUISERVE, SERVICING
AGENT FOR BANKBOSTON, N.A.,
as Transfer Agent and Registrar
By
-----------------------------------
Name:
Title:
DELTA OPPORTUNITY FUND, LTD.
By
-----------------------------------
Name:
Title:
Address: c/o International Fund
Administration, Ltd.
Suite 464
48 Par La Ville Road
Hamilton HM11
Bermuda
Facsimile No.: (441) 295-9637
-6-
<PAGE> 122
NELSON PARTNERS
By
-----------------------------------
Name:
Title:
Date:
---------------------------------
Address:
c/o Leeds Management Services
129 Front Street
5th Floor
Hamilton HM12
Bermuda
Facsimile No.: (441) 292-2239
OLYMPUS SECURITIES, LTD.
By
-----------------------------------
Name:
Title:
Date:
---------------------------------
Address:
c/o Leeds Management Services
129 Front Street
5th Floor
Hamilton HM12
Bermuda
Facsimile No.: (441) 292-2239
-7-
<PAGE> 123
OMICRON PARTNERS, LP
BY OMICRON MANAGEMENT LIMITED,
MANAGING GENERAL PARTNER
By
--------------------------------------
Anthony L. M. Inder Rieden
President
Date:
-----------------------------------
Address:
c/o MeesPierson Fund Services (Bahamas)
Charlotte House
P.O. Box N-9204
Charlotte Street
Nassau, Bahamas
Facsimile No.: (242) 325-7918
OTA LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
By
--------------------------------------
Name:
TItle:
Date:
-----------------------------------
Address:
One Manhattanville Road
Purchase, New York 10577
Facsimile No.: (914) 694-5831
-8-
<PAGE> 124
OVERBROOK FUND I, LLC
By
--------------------------------------
Name:
TItle:
Date:
-----------------------------------
Address:
Overbrook Fund I, LLC
512 Fifth Avenue
Room 1502
New York, New York 10175-8710
Facsimile No.: (212) 661-8664
-9-
<PAGE> 125
ANNEX V
TO
NOTE PURCHASE
AGREEMENT
LAW OFFICES OF
BRIAN W PUSCH
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
PENTHOUSE SUITE
29 WEST 57TH STREET
NEW YORK, NY 10019
TELEPHONE (212) 980-0408
FACSIMILE (212) 980-7055
_____________, 1997
Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
213 East Grand Avenue
South San Francisco, California 94080
The Buyers Listed on
Exhibit A Hereto
DIAZ & ALTSCHUL CAPITAL, LLC
SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as special counsel to Diaz & Altschul Capital,
LLC, a New York limited liability company (the "Placement Agent"), Delta
Opportunity Fund, Ltd., a British Virgin Islands corporation, and Overbrook Fund
I, LLC, a New York limited liability company, in connection with the offering of
____________________ aggregate principal amount of Senior Convertible Notes due
__________________, 2000 (the "Notes") to be issued by Shaman Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"). The Notes are being issued and
sold pursuant to the several Note Purchase Agreements, dated as of June 30, 1997
(collectively, the "Note Purchase Agreements"), between the Company and the
several buyers named therein (the "Buyers"). Capitalized terms used herein and
not otherwise defined herein shall have the respective meanings specified in the
Note Purchase Agreements.
The Company filed a Registration Statement (Registration No.
333- ) on Form S-3 (as amended to the date the same was ordered effective, the
"Registration Statement") under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"1933 Act"), with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on , 1997
relating to the resale of shares of Common Stock issuable upon
<PAGE> 126
Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
The Buyers Listed on Exhibit A Hereto
__________, 1997
Page 2
conversion of the Notes (the "Conversion Shares") and in payment of interest on
the Notes (the "Interest Shares" and, together with the Conversion Shares, the
"Shares"). The Company has informed us that the Registration Statement was
ordered effective by the SEC on ______________, 1997 and remains effective on
the date hereof.
In connection with this opinion, we have examined and relied
on originals or copies, certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction,
of such corporate records, documents, agreements or other instruments of the
Company, the Buyers and the Placement Agent, orders, rulings and certificates of
public officials, officers and representatives of the Company, the Buyers, the
Placement Agent and such other persons, have made investigations of law, and
have discussed with officers and other representatives of the Company, the
Buyers and the Placement Agent such questions of fact, as we have deemed proper
and necessary as a basis for the opinions hereinafter expressed.
In our examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all
signatures, the legal capacity of all natural persons, the authenticity of all
documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to original documents of
all documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies and the
authenticity of the originals of such latter documents. As to certain factual
matters, we have relied upon statements and representations of officers and
other representatives of the Company, the Buyers, the Placement Agent and
others.
Based upon the foregoing, we are of the opinion that:
1. Assuming the representations and warranties of the Buyers
in Section 3 of the Note Purchase Agreements and in the Prospective
Purchaser Questionnaires completed by the Buyers and previously
delivered to the Company (the "Questionnaires") and the statements of
the Placement Agent in the letter, dated , 1997, from the Placement
Agent to us (the "Placement Agent Letter") are true and correct, the
Notes may be issued to the Buyers pursuant to the Note Purchase
Agreements without registration under the 1933 Act; and
2. Assuming the representations and warranties of the Buyers
in Section 3 of the Note Purchase Agreements and in the Questionnaires
and the statements of the Placement Agent in the Placement Agent Letter
are true and correct, the Conversion Shares and the Interest Shares may
be issued to the Buyers upon conversion of the Notes and in payment of
interest on the Notes, as the case may be, in accordance with the Notes
without registration under the 1933 Act.
<PAGE> 127
Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
The Buyers Listed on Exhibit A Hereto
__________, 1997
Page 3
In rendering the opinion in paragraph 2 above, we have
reviewed the provisions of the Note Purchase Agreements, including, without
limitation, Section 5(a) thereof, which permit the Buyers to sell or otherwise
transfer Shares in a transaction other than pursuant to the Registration
Statement without registration under the 1933 Act. In connection with any such
sale or other transfer, the Note Purchase Agreements require receipt by the
Company of an opinion of counsel reasonably satisfactory in form, scope and
substance to the Company to the effect that the Shares to be sold or transferred
may be sold or transferred pursuant to an exemption from registration under the
1933 Act.
In rendering these opinions we have assumed, among other
things, the following:
(a) that the Note Purchase Agreements constitute the legal,
valid and binding obligations, enforceable in accordance with their
terms, of the Company and the respective Buyers and that the Notes
constitute the legal, valid and binding obligations, enforceable in
accordance with their terms, of the Company;
(b) that the Conversion Shares will be issued by the Company
to the Buyers upon conversion of the Notes in accordance with the terms
of the Notes and that any Interest Shares to be issued by the Company
to the Buyers in payment of interest on the Notes in accordance with
the terms of the Notes; and
(c) that the Company has timely filed, or will timely file,
one or more properly completed and duly executed Forms D relating to
the offer and sale of the Notes and the Shares in accordance with Rule
506 of Regulation D under the 1933 Act.
We are members of the bar of the State of New York and we
express no opinion as to the laws of any jurisdiction other than the federal
laws of the United States.
This opinion is strictly limited to the matters expressly
stated herein and no other or more extensive opinion is intended, implied or to
be inferred beyond the matters expressly stated herein. This opinion is
furnished solely for your benefit in connection with the transactions referred
to in the Note Purchase Agreements and, with respect to paragraph 2 above,
Boston EquiServe, Servicing Agent for BankBoston, N.A., as transfer agent
<PAGE> 128
Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
The Buyers Listed on Exhibit A Hereto
__________, 1997
Page 4
and registrar for the Common Stock, and may not be relied upon by any other
person, firm or corporation for any other purpose, without our prior written
consent.
Very truly yours,
-----------------------------------
Brian W. Pusch
cc: Boston EquiServe, Servicing
Agent for BankBoston, N.A.
<PAGE> 129
Exhibit A
Delta Opportunity Fund, Ltd.
c/o International Fund Administration, Ltd.
Suite 464
48 Par La Ville Road
Hamilton HM11
Bermuda
Nelson Partners
c/o Leeds Management Services
129 Front Street
5th Floor
Hamilton HM12
Bermuda
Olympus Securities, Ltd.
c/o Leeds Management Services
129 Front Street
5th Floor
Hamilton HM12
Bermuda
Omicron Partners, LP
c/o MeesPierson Fund Services (Bahamas)
Charlotte House
P.O. Box N-9204
Charlotte Street
Nassau, Bahamas
OTA Limited Partnership
One Manhattanville Road
Purchase, New York 10577
Overbrook Fund I, LLC
c/o Overbrook Management Corp.
521 Fifth Avenue
Suite 1501
New York, New York 10075
<PAGE> 130
Annex VI
to
Note Purchase
Agreement
July ___, 1997
To the Parties Listed on Schedule A hereto
RE: SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Ladies and Gentlemen:
This opinion letter is furnished to you pursuant to Section
7(i) of the several Note Purchase Agreements dated as of June 30, 1997 (the
"Note Agreements"), between Shaman Pharmaceuticals, Inc. as borrower (the
"Company") and the noteholders to whom this opinion letter is addressed, as
buyers (the "Buyers"). We have acted as counsel for the Company in connection
with the issuance by the Company of $10,000,000 aggregate principal amount of
Senior Convertible Notes due 2000 to the Buyers pursuant to the Note Agreements
and $400,000 principal amount of such Notes to the Placement Agent
(collectively, the "Notes"). Unless otherwise defined herein, terms used herein
shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Note Agreements.
In connection with the opinions expressed herein we have made
such examination of matters of law and fact as we considered appropriate or
advisable for purposes hereof. We have also examined originals, or copies
certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of such documents,
corporate records, certificates, including certificates of public officials, and
other instruments as we have deemed necessary or advisable for purposes of this
opinion letter, including those relating to the authorization, execution and
delivery of the Note Agreements. In addition, we have examined the following
documents (the items referred to in subclauses (i) through (v) below herein
referred to as the "Note Documents" and the items referred to in subclauses (vi)
through (xii) below herein referred to as the "Company Documents"):
(i) executed copies of the Note Agreements;
(ii) the Senior Convertible Notes executed by the Company in
favor of the Buyers and the Placement Agent;
<PAGE> 131
To the Parties Listed on Schedule July ___, 1997
A hereto Page 2
(iii) an executed copy of the Pledge and Security Agreement
(the "Security Agreement");
(iv) an executed copy of the Transfer Agent Agreement;
(v) an executed copy of the MMC/GATX Loan Agreement and the
MMC/GATX Amendment (the "MMC/GATX Agreements");
(vi) the Financing Statements, on Form UCC-1, dated July ___,
1997 (the "Financing Statements"), executed by the Company as debtor,
naming the Buyers as secured party, to be filed in the office of the
California Secretary of State;
(vii) the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company,
including all amendments thereto, as in effect on the date hereof;
(viii) the Bylaws of the Company, including all amendments
thereto, as in effect on the date hereof;
(ix) resolutions of the Board of Directors of the Company
adopted at a duly called special meeting on June 30, 1997, authorizing
the execution, delivery and performance of the Note Documents and the
transactions contemplated thereby;
(x) the certificate, dated [DATE], of the Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, delivered pursuant
to Section 7(g) of the Note Agreements;
(xi) the certificate, dated [DATE], of the Secretary of the
Company, delivered pursuant to Section 7(h) of the Note Agreements,
certifying: (A) the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of the
Company as in effect on such date, (B) a true copy of the resolutions
of the Board of Directors of the Company, adopted on June 30, 1997,
authorizing, among other things, the execution, delivery and
performance of the Note Documents and the transactions contemplated
thereby, and (C) the incumbency, authority and true signatures of the
officers of the Company authorized to sign the Note Documents and any
other documents and certificates delivered in connection therewith;
<PAGE> 132
To the Parties Listed on Schedule July ___, 1997
A hereto Page 3
(xii) specimen certificates for the shares of Common Stock of
the Company; and
(xiii) such other documents as we have deemed necessary or
appropriate as a basis for the opinions hereinafter expressed.
We have also examined photostatic or facsimile copies of the
agreements (the "Material Agreements") identified as such in the Company's
filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission and any consents executed in
connection with the Material Agreements. In addition, we have obtained from
public officials and from officers and other representatives of the Company such
other certificates and assurances as we consider necessary for purposes of this
opinion. In our examination and review we have assumed the genuineness of all
signatures, the legal capacity of natural persons, the authenticity of the
documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to the original documents
of all documents submitted to us as certified, facsimile or photostatic copies,
and the authenticity of the originals of such copies. As to any facts material
to the opinions hereinafter expressed which we did not independently establish
or verify, we have relied without investigation upon the representations and
warranties as to factual matters contained in and made by the Company pursuant
to the Note Purchase Agreements and upon certificates and statements and of
government officials and representatives of the Company.
We have also assumed: (A) that with respect to documents
executed by parties other than the Company, (i) that each such other party had
the power to enter into and perform all its obligations thereunder, (ii) the due
authorization, execution and delivery of such documents by each such party and
(iii) that such documents constitute the legal, valid and binding obligations of
each such party; (B) that the representations and warranties made in the Note
Documents by the Buyers are true and correct; (C) that any wire transfers,
drafts or checks tendered by the Buyers will be honored; and (D) if the Buyer is
a corporation or other entity, that such Buyer has filed any required state
franchise, income or similar tax returns and have paid any required state
franchise, income or similar taxes.
Based upon and subject to the foregoing, and subject to the
further assumptions, limitations, qualifications and exceptions set forth
herein, we are of the opinion that:
<PAGE> 133
To the Parties Listed on Schedule July ___, 1997
A hereto Page 4
1. The Company is a corporation duly incorporated, validly
existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware with the
corporate power and authority (i) to own, lease and operate its properties and
to carry on its business as, to our knowledge, it is now being conducted, (ii)
to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under the Note Documents and
(iii) to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Note Documents. The
Company has no subsidiaries.
2. The Note Documents (i) have been duly and validly
authorized and duly executed and delivered by the Company and (ii) constitute
the legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable against the
Company in accordance with their respective terms.
3. The Shares have been duly authorized and, when issued upon
conversion of the Notes or in payment of interest on the Notes in accordance
with the terms of the Notes, will be validly issued, fully paid and
non-assessable.
4. The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of (i)
40,000,000 shares of Common Stock, of which [________] were outstanding as of
[July __LATEST PRACTICABLE DATE], 1997, and (ii) 1,000,000 shares of preferred
Stock, $.001 par value, of which 400,000 shares have been designated Series A
Preferred Shares and were outstanding as of July [__][LATEST PRACTICABLE DATE],
1997. There are no preemptive or, to our knowledge, similar rights outstanding
of any stockholder of the Company that would entitle such stockholder to acquire
the Notes or the Shares. The Common Stock is listed for trading on the Nasdaq
National Market ("Nasdaq") and (i) to our knowledge, no suspension of trading in
the Common Stock is in effect, (ii) the Company and the Common Stock meet the
criteria for continued listing and trading on Nasdaq and (iii) the Company has
not been notified since January 1, 1995 by the National Association of
Securities Dealers of any failure to meet the criteria for continued listing and
trading on Nasdaq. The Shares have been duly listed for trading on Nasdaq. The
authorized shares of Common Stock and outstanding securities to purchase Common
Stock conform in all material respects to the descriptions thereof contained in
the SEC Reports. To our knowledge, no holder of any of the Company's securities
has any rights, "demand, "piggy-back" or otherwise, to have such securities
registered with the SEC by reason of the intention to file, filing or
effectiveness of the Registration Statement, except where such rights have
expressly been waived.
5. Assuming that the representations and warranties of the
Buyers in Section 3 of the Note Agreements and in the Prospective Purchaser
Questionnaires
<PAGE> 134
To the Parties Listed on Schedule July ___, 1997
A hereto Page 5
previously delivered to the Company (the "Questionnaires") are true and correct,
the Company is not required to obtain the consents, approvals or authorizations
of any governmental authority or agency under the Delaware General Corporation
Law, the laws of the State of California or the laws of the United States, as
presently in effect and interpreted, or of the stockholders of the Company in
connection with the sale and issuance of the Notes or the issuance of the
Shares, as each is contemplated by the Note Agreements, other than (i) such as
may be required under any applicable state securities or "blue sky" laws, as to
which we express no opinion, (ii) the exemption from the registration
requirements of the 1933 Act, as to which an opinion is being rendered to the
Buyers by the Law Offices of Brian W Pusch and as to which we therefore express
no opinion, (iii) the Forms D to be filed by the Company with the SEC and (iv)
the Financing Statements to be filed in the office of the California Secretary
of State and other filings in connection with the security interests in the
Collateral.
6. Except for those matters disclosed in the SEC Reports, we
are not aware that there is any action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or
investigation before or by any court, public board or governmental body pending,
or threatened in writing, against the Company, wherein an unfavorable decision,
ruling or finding could have a material adverse effect on the business,
properties, operations, financial condition, results of operations or prospects
of the Company or the transactions contemplated by the Note Documents or which,
if determined adversely to the Company, would be likely to have a material
adverse effect on the validity or enforceability of, or the authority or ability
of the Company to perform its obligations under, the Note Documents.
7. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of
the Note Documents, and the offer, sale and issuance of the Notes and the Final
Maturity Notes, the issuance of the Shares, and the fulfillment of and the
compliance with the respective terms thereof by the Company, will not (i)
violate or be in conflict with any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation
or Bylaws of the Company, (ii) violate or be in conflict with any federal or
California law, statute, rule or regulation which to our knowledge are
applicable to the Company, or the Delaware General Corporation Law, as presently
in effect and interpreted, (iii) constitute a material breach of, or result in a
material default under, any term or provision of any Material Agreement or of
the MMC/GATX Agreements.
8. Without having made a search of the title records with
respect thereto, to our knowledge, the Company has good title to all property,
real and personal (tangible and intangible), and other assets owned by it,
including patents, trade secrets,
<PAGE> 135
To the Parties Listed on Schedule July ___, 1997
A hereto Page 6
copyrights, trademarks and other intellectual property, free and clear of all
security interests, charges, mortgages, liens or other encumbrances or adverse
claims, except such as are described in the SEC Reports or such as do not
materially interfere with the use of such property made , or proposed to be
made, by the Company. To our knowledge, the leases, licenses or other contracts
or instruments under which the Company leases, holds or is entitled to use any
property, real or personal, are valid, subsisting and enforceable only with such
exceptions as do not materially interfere with the use of such property made, or
proposed to be made, by the Company. To our knowledge, the Company has not
received notice of any violation of any applicable law, ordinance, regulation,
order or requirement relating to its owned or leased properties which would be
material to the Company's assets or business.
9. To our knowledge, the Company has timely filed with the SEC
all forms, reports and other documents required to be filed with the SEC under
the 1934 Act since January 1, 1994. All such forms, reports and other documents
complied, when filed, in all material respects, with all applicable requirements
of the 1933 Act and the 1934 Act.
10. The Registration Statement and the Prospectus contained
therein (other than the financial statements and schedules and other financial
and statistical information contained or incorporated by reference therein, as
to which we do not, and have not been requested to, express any opinion) comply
as to form in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the 1933
Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
11. The SEC has informed us that the Registration Statement
has become effective under the 1933 Act and, to our knowledge, no stop order
proceedings with respect thereto have been instituted or threatened in writing
by the SEC, and the Shares are available for resale under the 1933 Act.
12. The provisions of the Security Agreement create in favor
of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Buyers, as secured parties, a
security interest in the Collateral (as defined in the Security Agreement). To
the extent that the Collateral is in book entry format, the Collateral Agent's
security interest in the Collateral will be perfected (i) upon the establishment
of the Collateral Account in accordance with Sections 3(a) and 6 of the Security
Agreement, or (ii) to the extent that security interests are granted in
Collateral with respect to which a security interest may be perfected by
<PAGE> 136
To the Parties Listed on Schedule July ___, 1997
A hereto Page 7
filing in accordance with the California Uniform Commercial Code ("CUCC"), upon
the proper filing of the Financing Statements with the California Secretary of
State. To the extent the Collateral consists of "deposit accounts" as that term
is defined in the CUCC, the Collateral Agent's security interest in the
Collateral will be perfected when notice thereof is given to the Account Bank
pursuant to Section 9302(g)(ii) of the CUCC.
Whenever a statement herein is qualified by the expressions
"known to us," "to our knowledge," "we are not aware" or a similar phrase or
expression with respect to our knowledge of matters of fact, it is intended to
mean that our knowledge is based upon the records, documents, instruments and
certificates described above and the current actual knowledge of the attorneys
in this Firm who have devoted substantive attention to the transactions
contemplated by the Note Documents or who are presently involved in substantive
legal representation of the Company (but not including any constructive or
imputed notice of any information) and that we have not otherwise undertaken any
independent investigations for the purpose of rendering this opinion.
This opinion is limited to the laws of the State of
California, the State of New York, the General Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware and applicable federal laws of the United States, and we express no
opinion herein with respect to the effect or applicability of the laws of other
jurisdictions.
Our opinions in paragraph 5 above are limited to laws and
regulations normally applicable to transactions of the type contemplated in the
Note Documents and do not extend to licenses, permits and approvals necessary
for the conduct of the Company's business. In addition and without limiting the
previous sentence, we express no opinion herein with respect to the effect of
any land use, environmental or similar law, any state or federal antitrust law,
state or federal securities laws (to the extent such matters relating to the
federal securities laws are covered by a separate opinion of the Law Offices of
Brian W Pusch as described in paragraph 5 above), or any local law. Further, we
express no opinion as to compliance or noncompliance by the Buyers with any
federal, state or other law (i) requiring the Buyers to be licensed as a bank,
finance company or other type of financial institution, (ii) pertaining to
matters regulating the assets held by the Buyers on the basis of portfolio
requirements or the Buyers' capitalization, such as loan limits and capital
adequacy requirements, and (iii) otherwise applicable to the Buyers and relating
to its legal or regulatory status or the nature of its business.
The opinions set forth above are subject to the following
qualifications, assumptions, limitations and exceptions:
<PAGE> 137
To the Parties Listed on Schedule July ___, 1997
A hereto Page 8
(a) The validity, binding nature and enforceability of the
Company's obligations under the Note Documents may be subject to or limited by
(i) bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, arrangement, moratorium, fraudulent
transfer and other similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally;
(ii) general principles of equity (whether relief is sought in a proceeding at
law or in equity), including, without limitation, concepts of materiality,
reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, and the discretion of any court of
competent jurisdiction in awarding specific performance or injunctive relief and
other equitable remedies; and (iii), without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, the effect of California court decisions and statutes which indicate
that provisions of the Note Documents which permit the Buyers or any other
person or entity ("Person") to take action or make determinations may be subject
to a requirement that such action be taken or such determinations be made on a
reasonable basis in good faith or that it be shown that such action is
reasonably necessary for the protection of the Buyers or such other Person.
(b) We wish to advise you that the effectiveness of the
Financing Statements will lapse five years from the date they are filed unless a
continuation statement is filed within six months prior to the expiration of
that five year period.
(c) To the extent provided by Division 9 of the CUCC,
additional filings with respect to the Collateral may also be necessary to
continue perfection of all or certain of the Collateral if the Company changes
its name (or the Financing Statements otherwise become seriously misleading), if
any item of Collateral located in California is removed from that State or if
the Company changes the jurisdiction in which its chief executive office is
located to a jurisdiction other than California.
(d) To the extent that any of the Collateral consists of or
constitutes "proceeds" (as such term is defined in Section9306 of the CUCC), the
security interest therein is limited and conditioned as set forth in such
Section9306.
(e) The opinions expressed in paragraph 12 above are limited
to the Collateral specifically described therein which is governed by relevant
provisions as currently in effect of Divisions 8 and 9 of the CUCC. Further,
except to the extent expressly stated in paragraph 12 of this opinion letter,
the opinions given above as to the perfection of the security interests do not
apply to Collateral subject to perfection procedures other than the filing of a
financing statement in the office of the California Secretary of State. We also
express no opinion as to the title of the Company to any Collateral or, except
as expressly stated in this opinion letter, regarding the creation,
<PAGE> 138
To the Parties Listed on Schedule July ___, 1997
A hereto Page 9
attachment, perfection or priority of any security interests in any Collateral.
We have assumed for purposes of the opinions in paragraph 12 above that the
Company has rights in the Collateral within the meaning of the CUCC, that all
required consents of third parties to the grant of security interests in the
Collateral have been obtained, that the Company is located in California for
purposes of Section9-103(3)(b) of the CUCC, that the Buyers has given "value"
within the meaning of the CUCC.
(f) Our opinions are subject to the effect of the limitations
imposed by the CUCC relating to or affecting the rights and remedies available
to secured creditors.
(g) We express no opinion as to:
(1) the enforceability of provisions of the Note
Documents pursuant to which the Company agrees to make payments without set-off,
defense or counterclaim;
(2) provisions purporting to require the award or
payment of attorneys' fees, expenses or costs in any action where the Buyer is
not the prevailing party, or the impact of California Civil Code ("CC")
Section1717 et seq. on any such provisions;
(3) under certain circumstances, provisions to the
effect that rights or remedies are not exclusive, that every right or remedy is
cumulative and may be exercised in addition to or with any other right or
remedy, that the election of some particular remedy or remedies does not
preclude recourse to one or another remedy or that failure to exercise or delay
in exercising rights or remedies will not operate as a waiver of any such right
or remedy;
(4) provisions prohibiting waivers of any terms or
provisions of any of the Note Documents other than in writing, or prohibiting
oral modifications thereof or modification by course of dealing to the extent
such provisions are inconsistent with applicable law;
(5) the enforceability under certain circumstances of
provisions indemnifying a party against, or requiring contributions toward, that
party's liability for its own wrongful or negligent acts or where such
indemnification or contribution is contrary to public policy or prohibited by
law;
<PAGE> 139
To the Parties Listed on Schedule July ___, 1997
A hereto Page 10
(6) any provision providing for the exclusive
jurisdiction of a particular court or purporting to waive rights to trial by
jury, service of process or objections to the laying of venue or to forum on the
basis of forum non conveniens, in connection with any litigation arising out of
or pertaining to the Loan Documents;
(7) provisions providing for an increase in the rate
of interest or imposing a late charge or penalty in the event of delinquency or
default;
(8) provisions imposing a prepayment charge, fee or
penalty based upon a percentage or fraction of the amount prepaid or the amount
outstanding under the Notes or the Final Maturity Notes except in the case of a
voluntary prepayment by the Company;
(9) provisions purporting to designate the Buyers as
the Company's agent or attorney in fact;
(10) provisions purporting to waive any applicable
statutes of limitation;
(11) provisions authorizing the Buyers to set off and
apply any deposits at any time held, and any other indebtedness at any time
owing, by the Buyers to or for the account of the Company;
(12) provisions of the Pledge Agreement purporting to
limit the standards imposed upon the Buyers for the care of Collateral in the
Buyers' possession to the extent such provisions are inconsistent with
applicable provisions of the CUCC;
(13) provisions of the Note Agreements or the Notes
and the Final Maturity Notes to the extent that they purport to exclude conflict
of law principles under California law.
(14) the law of the State of California limiting the
rates of interest legally chargeable or collectible.
(15) The enforceability under certain circumstances
of provisions expressly or by implication waiving broadly or vaguely stated
rights, unknown future rights, or defenses to obligations or rights granted by
law, when such waivers are against public policy or prohibited by law.
<PAGE> 140
To the Parties Listed on Schedule July ___, 1997
A hereto Page 11
(h) We express no opinion as to the Company's compliance or
noncompliance with applicable federal or state antifraud or antitrust statutes,
laws, rules and regulations.
(i) We express no opinion concerning the past, present or
future fair market value of any securities.
(j) We express no opinion as to the effect of Section 1670.5
of the California Civil Code or any other California law, federal law or
equitable principle which provides that a court may refuse to enforce, or may
limit the application of, a contract or any clause thereof which the court finds
to have been unconscionable at the time it was made or contrary to public
policy.
(k) We express no opinion as to your compliance with any
Federal or state law relating to your legal or regulatory status or the nature
of any Buyers' business.
(l) Our opinions are subject to the effect of judicial
decisions which may permit the introduction of extrinsic evidence to interpret
the terms of written contracts.
In addition to rendering legal advice and assistance to the
Company in the course of the preparation of the Registration Statement and the
Prospectus, involving, among other things, discussions and inquiries concerning
various legal matters and the review of certain corporate records, documents and
proceedings (in addition to those described in paragraphs (i) through (xiii)
above), we also participated in conferences with certain officers and other
representatives of the Company, including its independent public accountants and
with you and your counsel at which the contents of the Registration Statement,
the Prospectus and related matters were discussed. We have not, however, except
with respect to matters expressly covered above by this opinion, independently
checked or verified the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the information
contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.
We may state, however, that based upon our participation as
described in the preceding paragraph, (i) we believe that each of the
Registration Statement and the Prospectus complied as to form when filed with
the Commission in all material respects with the requirements of the Act and the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as applicable, and the rules and regulations
thereunder; (ii) we believe that the Registration Statement and the Prospectus
as of the effective date of the Registration Statement, complied as to form in
all
<PAGE> 141
To the Parties Listed on Schedule July ___, 1997
A hereto Page 12
material respects with the requirements of the Act and the applicable rules and
regulations of the Commission thereunder; and (iii) we confirm that we have no
reason to believe that either the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, as
of such effective date, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or
omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to
make the statements therein not misleading or that the Prospectus, on the date
hereof, contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a
material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
We are not called upon to express, and do not express, any
view, opinion or belief as to the financial statements, schedules and other
financial data contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or with
respect to the discussion of patent matters contained therein.
The opinions expressed herein are solely for your benefit in
connection with the above transactions, and such opinions may not be relied on
in any manner or for any purpose by any other Person, except the opinions
expressed in paragraphs 3 and 11 may be relied upon by Boston Equiserve,
Servicing Agent for Bank Boston, N.A., as Transfer Agent and Registrar for the
Common Stock. In addition, this opinion is rendered as of the date hereof, and
we do not undertake to advise you of matters which occur subsequent to the date
hereof and which affect the opinions expressed herein.
Very truly yours,
BROBECK, PHLEGER & HARRISON LLP
<PAGE> 142
ANNEX VII
TO
NOTE PURCHASE
AGREEMENT
[Letterhead of Pennie & Edmonds]
July __, 1997
To the Parties Listed
on Schedule A hereto
Dear Sirs:
At the request of SHAMAN PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Delaware corporation
(the "Company"), to which Company we are and have acted as special patent
counsel, and in accordance with Section 7(i) of the several Note Purchase
Agreements, dated as of June 30, 1997 (the "Note Agreements"), between the
Company and the several buyers of the Senior Subordinated Convertible Notes due
2000 of the Company issued pursuant thereto, we have reviewed and given careful
consideration to the sections captioned "Risk Factors - Uncertainty Regarding
Patents and Proprietary Rights" and "Business - Patents and Proprietary
Technology", [list any other sections relating to patent and intellectual
property matters] in the prospectus, including the preliminary prospectus and
each amendment thereof and supplement thereto, constituting a part of the
registration statement on Form S-3 (no. 333-____) filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (the "Commission") under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended (the "Act"). The registration statement in the form in which it became
effective including any documents incorporated by reference therein and all
information deemed to be incorporated by reference therein or a part thereof as
of the effective time pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 430A of the rules and
regulations of the Act is herein called the "Registration Statement" and the
final prospectus dated ________, 1997 in the form filed with the Commission
pursuant to its Rule 424(b) is herein called the "Prospectus".
Because our responsibilities to the Company are limited to patent and
other intellectual property matters, we have limited our review of the
Prospectus to the sections captioned "Risk Factors - Uncertainty Regarding
Patents and Proprietary Rights" and "Business - Patents and Proprietary
Technology" [list any other sections relating to patent and intellectual
property matters].
Based on and subject to the foregoing and upon representations of the
Company, it is our opinion that:
(i) Such counsel does not have any reason to believe that the
Registration Statement, as amended, and the Prospectus, including but not
limited to "Risk Factors - Uncertainty Regarding Patents and Proprietary
Rights" and "Business - Patents and Proprietary Technology" [list any other
sections relating to patent and intellectual property matters] (collectively,
the "Intellectual Property Portion") (a) contain any untrue statement of
material fact with respect to (1) patents or patent rights owned or used by the
Company or (2) the patent rights of any third person as such rights may affect
the patent rights of the Company or (b) omits to state any material fact
relating to (1) patents or patent rights owned or used by the Company or (2)
the patent rights of any third person as such rights may affect the patent
rights of the Company that is necessary to make the statements therein not
misleading;
(ii) Except as set forth in the Registration Statement and the
Prospectus, to the knowledge of such counsel, there are no legal or
governmental proceedings pending relating to
<PAGE> 143
To the Parties Listed
on Schedule A hereto
_____ __, 1997
Page 2
patent rights of the Company, except for ordinary proceedings initiated by the
Company seeking statutory rights, registrations or certifications from
governmental authorities, to which any patents or patent applications of the
Company are subject and to the knowledge of such counsel, no such proceedings
are threatened or contemplated by governmental authorities or others:
(iii) Except as set forth in the Registration Statement and the
Prospectus, to the knowledge of such counsel, the Company has not been notified
that the Company is infringing or otherwise violating any patents or patent
rights of others; and
(iv) Except as set forth in the Registration Statement and the
Prospectus, such counsel has no knowledge or information to lead it to believe
that the Company does not own or possess sufficient patent and proprietary
rights that are necessary to conduct the business of the Company as described
in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.
This opinion is furnished to you pursuant to Section 7(i) of your Note
Agreement. This letter is for your information only, is to be used only in
connection with the transactions reflected in the Note Agreement, and is not to
be quoted or referred to, in whole or in part, in the Registration Statement or
in any literature used in connection with the sale of securities.
Very truly yours,
PENNIE & EDMONDS
<PAGE> 144
Annex VIII to
Note Purchase
Agreement
First Amendment
To
Loan and Security Agreement
[See Exhibit 10.57A]
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 23.1
CONSENT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP, INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption "Experts" in the
Registration Statement (Form S-3) and related prospectus of Shaman
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for the registration of 2,300,000 shares of its common
stock and to the incorporation by reference therein of our report dated January
30, 1997, with respect to the financial statements of Shaman Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. included in its Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31,
1996, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
ERNST & YOUNG LLP
July 18, 1997
Palo Alto, California
