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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 29, 1996
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 0-20684
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
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DELAWARE 94-3117385
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF (I.R.S. EMPLOYER
INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) IDENTIFICATION NO.)
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4245 TECHNOLOGY DRIVE
FREMONT, CALIFORNIA 94538
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES)
(510) 252- 4245
REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(B) OF THE ACT: NONE
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT:
COMMON STOCK, $0.001 PAR VALUE
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the last 90 days. Yes X No __
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. X
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and
reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan
confirmed by a court. Yes X No __
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of
the registrant as of March 7, 1997 was approximately $27 million based on the
closing bid price of the Company's Common Stock as reported on the OTC Bulletin
Board. For purposes of this Report only, the Company assumes its affiliates to
be its officers, directors, entities associated with officers and directors, and
holders (or groups of associated holders) of ten percent or more of the Common
Stock of the Company. As of March 7, 1997, the Registrant had outstanding
39,435,224 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Part III incorporates certain information by reference to the registrant's
Definitive Proxy Statement Relating to the Annual Meeting of Stockholders
expected to be held on May 21, 1997.
This report including all exhibits and attachments contains 55 pages. The
Exhibit Index is located on page 37.
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AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
1996 FORM 10-K REPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS................................................................. 1
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES............................................................... 9
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS........................................................ 10
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS...................... 10
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS.................................................................. 11
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA.................................................. 11
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS............................................................ 13
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.............................. 19
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE............................................................... 36
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT....................... 36
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION................................................... 36
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT........... 36
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS........................... 36
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K......... 36
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PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS.
This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of
Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934. Any forward-looking statements made herein are made
pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Act
of 1995. Investors are cautioned that actual results may differ materially from
those projected in any forward-looking statements due to a number of factors
including, but not limited to, the Company's dependence on new technologies, on
foundry availability, capacity and reliability; dependence on the PC and home
electronics industries and on a single product line; and competition and pricing
pressures.
SUMMARY INTRODUCTION
Aureal Semiconductor Inc. is a fabless semiconductor and audio systems
engineering firm focused on the development of advanced audio solutions for both
the PC and consumer electronics markets. The Company contracts with independent
silicon foundries for production of its semiconductor products.
In September 1996, the Company announced "A3D", the Company's proprietary
3D audio technologies. These technologies provide an interactive audio
experience by surrounding the listener with sounds in all three dimensions (see
further discussion in Current Products and Technologies section below) with only
two-speaker or headphone presentations. The Company has focused its resources on
a strategy to establish and promote its A3D technologies as the 3D audio
standards in both the PC and consumer electronics markets. This strategy
involves a combination of licensing the Company's A3D technologies and marketing
its semiconductor products, currently the VSP901 chip for home theater
applications. In addition to the 3D audio technologies, the Company has also
developed an audio effects processing chip (the ASP301) targeted at the Karaoke
market. With respect to on-going developments for future platforms, the Company
has also invested significant resources towards the development of digital
semiconductors, scheduled for initial release in late 1997, which will provide
complete audio subsystems (based on Intel's newly released AC 97 specification)
for use in PCs and multimedia peripheral products.
The VSP901 is best described as "home theater on a chip" as it provides a
complete Dolby Surround Sound effect, through the utilization of A3D Surround
technology, over two, rather than five speakers. Separately, the Company's A3D
Interactive technology, for use in the PC environment, has been licensed to a
number of PC peripheral component and chip manufacturers for integration with
their audio solutions. The ASP301 Karaoke chip is a programmable audio effects
processor that provides advanced Karaoke features for stand-alone Karaoke
machines as well as Video CD players, DVDs, laser disc players and PCs. The
Company is currently in production of the ASP301 and VSP901 products and is
working with certain customers to design the Aureal chips into their retail
products.
With the exception of minimal up-front licensing fees for A3D Interactive
licenses, the vast majority of the Company's $3.5 million in revenues for 1996
was related to earlier audio technologies (both licensing of technology and
sales of semiconductor products). The Company has thus generated minimal
revenues from its current technologies through 1996. The Company expects to
begin initial shipments of its semiconductor products in the first half of 1997,
and continue to engage in licensing transactions for its A3D technologies.
The Company's legacy audio technologies stem from its prior business as a
developer and manufacturer (on a contract basis) of multimedia sound cards and
peripheral upgrade kits for the retail PC marketplace. The Company was active in
that business from its founding in 1990 through mid-1995 (operating under the
name Media Vision Technology Inc.) when it announced its intention to exit that
marketplace to concentrate all of its resources on the development of advanced
audio technologies for use by the OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer)
marketplace.
As the Company changed its business in mid-1995, virtually all its existing
engineering resources were retained and assigned to audio technology projects.
Over the last two years, the Company has continued to add engineering personnel
with extensive audio, Digital Signal Processing, and mixed signal device
programming experience. During 1996, Aureal acquired Crystal River Engineering,
Inc., a recognized leader in the field of
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3D audio technology, merging the resources of both companies to offer hardware
and software solutions optimized for 3D audio presentation.
Prior to November 1995, the Company operated under the name Media Vision
Technology Inc. Doing business within the retail PC marketplace, the Company
experienced operating difficulties in 1993 and 1994 due primarily to the
Company's cost structure and the extreme competitive nature of the retail PC
marketplace. As a result, the Company entered Chapter 11 Bankruptcy protection
in July 1994. Working closely with its creditors, the Company developed a
restructuring plan and exited Chapter 11 protection in December 1994.
The Company is headquartered in Fremont, California in a leased 36,000
square foot building. As of December 29, 1996, the Company had 67 employees.
INDUSTRY BACKGROUND
Advances in semiconductor technology, rapid growth in interactive
entertainment, educational and business software applications, and the use of
on-line services have led to a substantial increase in demand for multimedia
desktop computers with high quality audio, graphics, and video capabilities. The
PC market has stratified into distinct product categories, with major PC
manufacturers producing home entertainment PCs with upgraded audio and video
capabilities. In recent years, much emphasis has been placed upon, and the
market has expanded for, improved graphics capabilities -- especially 3D
graphics. With these advances in graphics capabilities, consumers and game
developers are now demanding higher quality audio capabilities with increased
flexibility for special sound effects such as true positional 3D audio. Aureal
believes it is uniquely positioned to provide that capability to the PC market
through broad licensing of its A3D Interactive technologies, along with further
planned semiconductor products intended to efficiently integrate these
technologies into the entire audio sub-system capabilities.
Recognizing this emphasis on improving multimedia presentation in PCs,
Microsoft has launched two generations of programming-interface initiatives
(DirectX, and more recently, WDM-Streaming) aimed at capturing the loyalties of
game developers. This and other factors have created a market opportunity for
advanced audio technologies and semiconductor products which provide
acceleration of these programming interfaces while achieving a high level of
multimedia concurrency. Industry analysts at Mercury Research estimate that 57
million PCs with audio capabilities will be sold world-wide during 1997, with
the number growing to 115 million in the year 2000.
As the demand for PC audio continues to drive improvements in silicon and
software development, the consumer electronics marketplace is also moving toward
significant improvements in audio technologies, especially with regard to home
theater applications. Arguably, much of this drive has been initiated through
consumers' exposure to improved movie theater sound presentations over the last
few years. Movie audio quality has improved dramatically both in the recording
and playback processes. In today's movie theaters, surround sound presentations
with multiple speakers immerse moviegoers with real-life audio soundtracks, thus
creating a more compelling entertainment experience. The availability of this
enhanced element of audio/visual entertainment is rapidly moving into the home
as the content for encoded Dolby Surround Sound source material (both VHS movies
and broadcast television) is now commonplace to today's consumers.
As the audio source material for home entertainment continues to improve,
better hardware solutions become necessary. Over time, television audio has
evolved from single in-set speakers, to higher quality in-set stereo speakers,
to stereo audio connection with home stereo equipment (and associated speaker
systems), to surround sound home theater set-ups with five or six speakers
strategically placed about the room. According to the Consumer Electronics
Manufacturers Association, U.S. sales of stereo speaker equipped television sets
topped 11 million in 1996. Aureal sees a new product category - "Virtual
Speakers" as a potentially significant enlargement and enhancement of both the
stereo television and home theater markets.
Although home theater applications are growing at a respectable rate, the
vast majority of the consumer market is still untapped. Both the cost and
physical presence (five or six speakers) of current home theater systems are
concerns for many potential buyers. Aureal's A3D Surround technologies however,
provide the
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surround sound quality for home entertainment without the cost and perhaps more
importantly, the inconvenience inherent with multiple speaker implementations.
Dolby Digital (formerly known as AC-3) is an audio compression standard
that has been selected to encode six channels of surround-sound audio for MPEG-2
video titles that will be distributed in DVD media. Dolby Digital presents a
significant opportunity for the application of 3D audio techniques for
effectively rendering six channels of audio on only two speakers in a PC
environment. Likewise, a significant opportunity exists to provide this virtual
surround capability to the consumer market including, but not limited to
televisions, audio receivers, VCRs, mini-component systems, DVD players and
speaker systems, where a higher-quality effect is required than in the PC
market. Aureal has developed its A3D Surround technologies to address these
markets. Aureal believes that the first adopters of the virtual speaker product
category may likely be mini-component audio receiver and speaker system
companies as their design cycles are generally shorter than those of television
manufacturers.
COMPANY STRATEGY
The Company's objective is to be a leading supplier of high quality,
advanced audio solutions to both the consumer electronics and PC marketplaces.
The Company believes that its efforts in these two areas are mutually
complementary and give it greater chances for success than if it were to serve
one or the other market exclusively. The Company is pursuing a focused strategy
that includes the following elements:
Create Value in the Aureal Logo: Aureal intends to use widespread
licensing of its interactive positional 3D audio technologies in tandem
with the continued development and sale of its own positional 3D audio
devices in the PC market, as well as sales of virtual surround devices in
the consumer marketplace, to establish an association in consumers' minds
between the Aureal A3D logo and high-quality audio. Positional 3D audio is
an area in which the Company enjoys clear leadership, and the PC gaming
community's enthusiastic response to Aureal's product is a strong means to
establish the Company's reputation. The Company recently announced that a
number of leading PC game design firms, including Activision, Electronic
Arts, LucasArts, Maxis and Virgin Interactive, are integrating A3D
Interactive into upcoming PC games. In addition, InterVista Software's
Worldview, the leading VRML 3D Web browser plug-in for Netscape Navigator
and Microsoft Internet Explorer, will support A3D Interactive.
Offer Low-cost PC Audio Acceleration: Aureal is developing low-cost
audio accelerators for use in the PC marketplace. Rather than burdening the
audio device with the entire computational task related to audio, the audio
accelerator is developed to be used in conjunction with the computing power
of the general-purpose host CPU. The audio accelerator only provides enough
additional computational power to significantly off-load the main CPU while
providing baseline audio performance which would completely overwhelm the
main CPU if delivered through software alone. This strategy takes advantage
of improvements in host computational power, such as afforded by MMX
instruction-set enhancements, for instance, resulting in the most
cost-effective devices, without compromising performance, or concurrency of
audio operations with other multimedia operations.
Provide Integrated Audio Components to the Consumer Market: Aureal is
developing devices targeted to the consumer marketplace which provide lower
system cost through integration of digital, analog and other audio system
functions. The existing VSP901 provides Surround Sound quality through a
two speaker presentation. Further products under development address Dolby
Digital media, and provide integration of various components of the audio
sub-system of consumer market products.
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CURRENT PRODUCTS AND TECHNOLOGIES
(ART WORK)
Aureal's A3D technologies are fundamental new audio technologies which
provide enhanced realism for delivering three dimensional sound through
two-speakers or headphones. This allows real-time interaction as sounds emanate
from variable sources and locations and follow the movement of the user,
anywhere in 3D space, for PC and dedicated gaming platforms. It also provides
for surround playback, through two speakers, of properly encoded material from
television or pre-recorded media in the home theater environment without the
need for or expense of the five or six speaker setups required to date. This
technology is being made available to the markets through Aureal designed and
programmed semiconductor devices and license arrangements with selected hardware
manufacturers.
The VSP901 chip, which was announced in September 1996, and released for
production in February of 1997, is designed to accommodate new emerging home
theater applications by "virtually" presenting Dolby Pro-Logic encoded material
with complete surround sound quality through a two-speaker implementation. This
product both decodes the encoded material and "virtualizes" the five discrete
speakers which exist with today's home theater solutions. This two-speaker
presentation represents significant improvements in cost over the current home
theater five-speaker solutions available on the market. Even more importantly,
it does not require the five-speaker placement within a given entertainment
area, thus eliminating the significant inconvenience inherent in the
installation process of today's home theater systems.
The VSP901 chip is also available for PCs. As PCs evolve toward more
general-purpose home entertainment devices, especially as they allow movie
playback via DVD ROMs, they too will require a cost-effective two-speaker
virtual surround sound solution to remain competitive with traditional TV/VCR
setups. The use of Dolby Pro-Logic encoded material is also increasing in the
gaming arena even though the five speaker presentation is considered unwieldy in
the PC environment -- another push for "virtual speakers".
Licensing of Aureal's A3D Interactive technologies for use in PC products
is part of the Company's drive to set high-quality 3D standards and to promote
Aureal's name as the preeminent 3D audio provider. The Company has entered into
license agreements with Diamond Multimedia Systems Inc. (a world leader in
computer add-in components), Oak Technology, Inc., Rockwell Semiconductor
Systems, and Analog Devices Inc. Aureal believes that each of these licensees
has significant ability to produce and market products furthering the position
of A3D in the marketplace. Additional licensing transactions are under
consideration. Revenues recognized from these licensing agreements have not been
significant to date. Two of the four companies licensed thus far have recently
introduced products utilizing this technology. The Company does not anticipate
significant licensing revenues from these agreements during 1997. In addition, a
number of software (game) developers including Acclaim Entertainment,
Activision, LucasArts, Maxis, Spectrum Holobyte, Westwood Studios and Virgin
Interactive have indicated that they will integrate A3D Interactive into certain
of their upcoming product releases.
Audio effects processing for both stand-alone Karaoke systems and PC
platforms is another area in which Aureal has advanced the standards in 1996.
Audio effects processing abilities allow Aureal's ASP301 Karaoke
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processing chip to present state of the art Karaoke quality processing at a low
cost to the PC, standalone Karaoke processors, or other integrated devices which
incorporate Karaoke processing with other capabilities.
The Company is currently in the final development stages of a highly
integrated, high-quality single chip digital audio solution which is compliant
with Intel's newly released AC 97 specification. Aureal's first device, expected
to be in production in the fourth quarter of 1997, is a complete digital
solution which provides state of the art audio functionality incorporating
DirectSound acceleration for Microsoft Windows 95, digital mixing, sample-rate
conversion, hardware wavetable synthesis and SoundBlaster compatibility over a
PCI bus.
SALES AND MARKETING
Aureal's sales and marketing strategy is to have its products designed into
PCs and consumer electronic products manufactured by leading OEMs worldwide. The
Company's products will be sold worldwide through its direct sales force located
at its headquarters in Fremont and through distributors and manufacturers'
representatives located throughout North America, Europe and Asia. The Company's
manufacturers' representatives and distributors are not subject to minimum
purchase requirements and can discontinue marketing any of the Company's
products at any time.
The Company is fully committed to customer service and technical support
which are important competitive factors in selling to large-scale OEMs. The
Company provides technical support to its customers worldwide through its own
in-house staff as well as through manufacturers' representatives and
distributors. The Company believes that close contact with its customers not
only improves the customers' level of satisfaction, but also provides important
insight into future market direction.
Sales will generally be made pursuant to standard purchase orders, which
are frequently revised to reflect changes in the customer's requirements.
Product deliveries are scheduled upon the Company's receipt of purchase orders.
Generally, these purchase orders and OEM agreements also allow customers to
reschedule delivery dates and cancel purchase orders without significant
penalties. For these reasons, the Company believes that backlog, while useful
for scheduling production, will not necessarily be a reliable indicator of
future revenues.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
In order to compete successfully, the Company believes that it must
continually design, develop, and introduce new technologies and products that
take advantage of market opportunities and address emerging standards. The
Company's strategy is to leverage its substantial base of audio technology and
design expertise to develop new PC and consumer electronics audio solutions. The
Company intends to continue to provide comprehensive solutions for its customers
by developing advanced audio algorithms, firmware and application software, in
addition to semiconductor devices for these new products.
Aureal utilizes a design environment based on workstations, dedicated
product simulators, system simulation with hardware and software modeling, and a
high level design description language. The Company invests regularly in new
advanced equipment and software tools and intends to maintain and enhance its
library of core cells.
At December 29, 1996, Aureal had a staff of thirty five research and
development personnel, including those involved in semiconductor design, process
development and software development. In addition, another eight technical
personnel are part of the product development and customer support team included
in the marketing function. Aureal also engages outside contractors to supplement
its staff and develop certain technologies to the Company's specifications.
The markets for the Company's products are characterized by evolving
industry standards and rapid technological change and product obsolescence. The
Company's success is highly dependent upon the successful development and timely
introduction of new products at competitive prices and performance levels. The
success of new products depends on a number of factors, including timely
completion of product development, market acceptance of the Company's and its
customers' new products, securing sufficient foundry capacity for volume
manufacturing of wafers, achievement of acceptable wafer fabrication yields by
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the Company's independent foundries and the Company's ability to offer new
products at competitive prices. Incorporating the Company's new products into
its OEM customers' new product designs requires the anticipation of market
trends and performance and functionality requirements of OEMs, along with the
development and production of products that meet the timing and pricing
requirements of OEMs that can be tested and be available in a timely manner
consistent with the OEMs' development and production schedules. Accordingly, in
selling to OEMs, the Company can often incur significant expenditures in advance
of volume sales of new products, if any. There can be no assurance that the
Company will be able to identify new product opportunities, develop and market
new products, achieve design wins or respond effectively to new technological
changes or product announcements by others. A failure in any of these areas
would have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations.
While Aureal believes that its A3D technologies, in both the interactive
and surround modes, offer significantly better 3D sound through a two-speaker or
headphone presentation than any other available technology, competitors can
offer products which are presented to the market as direct competition. The
Company, through its technology subsidiary Crystal River Engineering, Inc., has
been working to develop true positional 3D audio for almost ten years. Patents
on certain techniques utilized in optimizing the technology have been granted to
the Company. In January 1997, the Company was granted further patents on its
fixed-filter spatializer techniques enabling additional improvements in future
generations of A3D technology. The Company also has patents in the field of
physical modeling synthesis and several pending patent applications in the field
of 3D audio. The Company expects to actively pursue additional patents for its
audio technologies.
COMPETITION
The markets in which the Company competes are intensely competitive and are
characterized by rapid technological change, price declines and, especially in
the PC marketplace, rapid product obsolescence. The Company expects competition
to increase in the future from existing competitors and from other companies
that may enter the Company's existing or future markets with products that may
be less costly or provide higher performance or additional features. The Company
competes with semiconductor manufacturers offering single chip and multiple chip
solutions and solutions which provide integrated telephony, video, graphics and
audio. The Company anticipates that it will continue to compete with such third
parties, and that its competitors may offer more highly integrated solutions in
the future. The Company is unable to predict the timing and nature of any such
competitive product offerings. The announcement and commercial shipment of
competitive products could adversely affect sales of the Company's products and
may result in increased price competition that would adversely affect the prices
and margins of the Company's products. In general, product prices in the
semiconductor industry decrease over the life of a particular product. The
markets for most of the applications for the Company's products, particularly
the PC market, are characterized by intense price competition. The willingness
of prospective customers to design the Company's products into their products
depends to a significant extent upon the ability of the Company to price its
products at a level that is cost-effective for such customers. As the markets
for the Company's products mature and competition increases, the Company
anticipates that prices for its products will decline. If the Company is unable
to reduce its costs sufficiently to offset declines in product prices or is
unable to introduce new, higher performance products with competitive product
prices, the Company's operating results would be materially adversely affected.
Relative to 3D audio, a number of companies offer licensing for purported
3D audio technology. These include SRS, Spatializer Labs, and QSound, all of
which are public companies. In addition, a number of companies offer audio
semiconductor products for the PC audio market, including Creative Technology,
ESS Technology, OPTi, Yamaha, Crystal Semiconductor and Chromatic Research, some
of which may directly compete with Aureal's products and technologies. A number
of these and other potential competitors have substantially greater financial,
manufacturing, technical, marketing, distribution, and other resources, greater
intellectual property rights, broader product lines and longer-standing
relationships with customers than the Company. Certain of the Company's current
and potential competitors maintain their own semiconductor foundries and may
therefore benefit from certain capacity, cost and technical advantages. The
Company believes that its ability to compete successfully depends on a number of
factors, both within and outside of its control, including the price, quality
and performance of the Company's and its competitors' products, the
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timing and success of new multimedia PC standards, the development of technical
innovations, the ability to obtain adequate foundry capacity and sources of raw
materials, the efficiency of production, the rate at which the Company's
customers design the Company's products into their products, the number and
nature of the Company's competitors in a given market, the assertion of
intellectual property rights and general market and economic conditions. There
can be no assurance that the Company will be able to compete successfully in the
future.
Each successive generation of PC microprocessors has provided increased
performance, which could in the future result in a microprocessor capable of
performing audio functions. In this regard, Intel Corporation has developed
MMX-based signal processing capability for use in conjunction with its Pentium
microprocessor, and is promoting the processing power of the Pentium for data
and signal intensive functions such as graphics and audio acceleration and other
multimedia functions. Although Aureal's PC products are designed to be
complementary to, and take advantage of, MMX technology, there can be no
assurance that the increased capabilities of Intel's microprocessors will not
adversely affect demand for the Company's products.
Currently, Aureal's A3D Interactive technologies support and are enabled by
Microsoft's DirectSound standard. Any future substantial changes to Microsoft's
DirectSound architecture may affect Aureal's, and its competitors, abilities to
support a revised DirectSound standard.
Aureal, Aureal 3D, A3D and the A3D logo are trademarks of Aureal
Semiconductor Inc. Other trademarks referred to herein are properties of their
respective owners.
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MANAGEMENT
OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS
The officers and directors of the Company are as follows:
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Kenneth A. Kokinakis 43 President, Chief Executive Officer
and Director
Gary M. Catlin 41 Vice President, Engineering
David J. Domeier 43 Vice President, Finance and Chief
Financial Officer
Scott H. Foster 42 Chief Technical Officer
Michael L. Hunter 37 Vice President, Sales
Sanjay Iyer 40 Vice President, Marketing
Alexander J. Limberis 41 Vice President, Consumer Products
Brendan R. O'Flaherty 34 Vice President, Business
Development and General Counsel
Toni W. Schneider 26 Vice President, Strategic
Alliances
Richard E. Christopher(1) 49 Director
L. William Krause(1) 54 Director
D. Richard Masson(2) 38 Director
Thomas K. Smith, Jr.(2) 32 Director
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(1) Member of the Audit Committee.
(2) Member of the Compensation Committee.
Mr. Kokinakis was appointed the President and Chief Executive Officer
effective January 15, 1996. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Kokinakis served
as the Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of Memec - Asia-Pacific, an
electronic component distributor, since January 1991. Prior to 1991, Mr.
Kokinakis held various executive sales and marketing positions at Xilinx and
Microchip.
Mr. Catlin has served as Vice President, Engineering since May 1996. Prior
to that time, he served as a senior manager in the engineering department of the
Company since November 1994. Immediately prior to that, he was self-employed for
four years developing and marketing PC software. He previously held engineering
design and management positions with Silicon Graphics, Daisy Systems
Corporation, and Intel Corporation.
Mr. Domeier has served as the Company's Vice President, Finance and Chief
Financial Officer since March 1995. During the period of October 1995 to January
1996, Mr. Domeier served as a member of the "Office of the President" for the
Company. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Domeier was employed by Safeway Inc.
from 1983 through 1994. His most recent positions with Safeway Inc. were Senior
Vice President, Re-engineering in 1994 and Senior Vice President, Chief
Financial and Administrative Officer of the Northern California Division from
1992 through 1994.
Mr. Foster joined the Company as its Chief Technology Officer in May 1996
with the merger of Crystal River Engineering, Inc., ("CRE") and Aureal. Mr.
Foster founded CRE in 1987 and served as its Chief Executive Officer until the
merger.
Mr. Hunter has served as the Company's Vice President, Sales since March
1995 and Vice President, OEM Sales since January 1995. Prior to joining the
Company, Mr. Hunter served as Vice President of Sales at SCM MicroSystems from
October 1993 to January 1995, as Vice President of Sales and Marketing at
Criterion Computer from July 1993 to October 1993, and as Senior Vice President
of Sales and Marketing at Orchid Technology from October 1988 to June 1993.
Mr. Iyer has served as the Company's Vice President, Marketing since May
1996. From September 1995 to May 1996, Mr. Iyer served as Vice President,
Technology, and prior to then, Mr. Iyer served as the Director
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of the Digital VLSI group within the Company from May 1994. Mr. Iyer also served
as the Company's Director of Graphics Hardware from May 1993 to May 1994. Prior
to joining the Company, Mr. Iyer served as the Director of Graphics Hardware of
Pellucid, Inc. from 1991 to May 1993. Prior to joining Pellucid, Mr. Iyer served
as Hardware Manager of Silicon Graphics, Inc. from 1989 to 1991.
Mr. Limberis joined the Company in March 1996 to lead the market
development efforts for the Company's technology in the consumer electronics
area. Prior to joining Aureal, Mr. Limberis had founded Korg USA's Research and
Development Division in 1988 and served as its Vice President and General
Manager.
Mr. O'Flaherty has served as Vice President, Business Development and
General Counsel of the Company since May 1994. During the period of October 1995
to January 1996, Mr. O'Flaherty served as a member of the "Office of the
President" for the Company. Mr. O'Flaherty was a Director of the Company from
May 1994 to December 30, 1994. Mr. O'Flaherty joined the Company as corporate
counsel in November 1993. Prior to joining the Company, he was associated with
the law firm of Gray Cary Ware & Freidenrich from September 1989 to November
1993.
Mr. Schneider joined the Company in May 1996 as Vice President, Strategic
Alliances through the merger of Aureal and CRE. Mr. Schneider had served at CRE
since 1993 in a number of capacities including Vice President, Marketing since
October 1994. Prior to joining CRE, he held various engineering positions at
Autodesk's Cyberspace Group and VPL Research while working toward a degree in
computer science at Stanford University.
Mr. Christopher was appointed as a director of the Company in November
1996. Mr. Christopher is Vice President of Worldwide Sales for Chips and
Technologies, Inc., a supplier of advanced graphics controllers and accelerators
for notebook computers. Prior to joining Chips in July 1992, Mr. Christopher was
Senior Vice President and General Manager for Fujitsu Microelectronics' North
and South America divisions.
Mr. Krause has served as a director of the Company since April 1995. Since
1991, he has been the President, Chief Executive Officer and a director of Storm
Technology, Inc., a company developing application software to display
photographs using personal computers. Prior to that, Mr. Krause was President
and Chief Executive Officer of 3Com Corporation from 1981 to 1990 and Chairman
of the Board from 1987 to 1993. Mr. Krause is a director of Sybase, Inc., a
client/server software company.
Mr. Masson has served as a director of the Company since December 1994. Mr.
Masson has served as a Principal of Oaktree Capital Management since May 1995.
Prior to joining Oaktree, Mr. Masson served as Managing Director of Trust
Company of the West and TCW Asset Management Company ("TAMCO"), wholly-owned
subsidiaries of The TCW Group, Inc., where he served since 1988 in various
capacities for TCW Special Credits. TCW Special Credits serves as a general
partner and investment adviser to certain limited partnerships, trusts, and
accounts invested in the securities and debt obligations of financially
distressed companies. TAMCO is the managing general partner of TCW Special
Credits, and Mr. Masson was a general partner of TCW Special Credits. Oaktree
provides investment sub-advisory services to TAMCO on certain funds and accounts
managed by TAMCO.
Mr. Smith has served as a director of the Company since December 1994. Mr.
Smith is Senior Vice President of Trust Company of the West and TAMCO,
wholly-owned subsidiaries of The TCW Group, Inc., which he joined in 1991 as an
investment analyst for TCW Special Credits. TCW Special Credits serves as
general partner and investment adviser to certain limited partnerships, trusts,
and accounts invested in the securities and debt obligations of financially
distressed companies. TAMCO is the managing general partner of TCW Special
Credits. During 1990, Mr. Smith was a Management Associate with the Citicorp
Mergers and Acquisitions group in Los Angeles.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Substantially all of the Company's operations are currently located in
approximately 36,000 square feet of leased office and warehouse space located in
Fremont, California. The Company relocated to this facility during the fourth
quarter of 1995, and has secured a sublease on its former corporate offices
effective
9
<PAGE> 12
January 1996 through the remainder of the lease. The Company's rental expense
for its current facilities in Fremont, California was approximately $216,000 for
the year ended December 29, 1996. See Note 6 to the Company's Consolidated
Financial Statements. The lease on the Company's current facility will expire in
1999.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company has received, and may receive in the future, communications
from third parties asserting that the Company's trademarks or products infringe
the proprietary rights of third parties or seeking indemnification against such
infringement. Further, the laws relating to copyright infringement and
restrictions under copyright law with respect to achieving compatibility with
third party products are uncertain and have been changing significantly as a
result of several recent court decisions. The costs of any litigation alleging
that the Company has infringed the proprietary rights of a third party, or
damages resulting from such a claim, could be substantial and could materially
adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations.
In August 1995, Creative Technology, Ltd. ("Creative") filed a Complaint
against the Company in the Superior Court of Alameda County, California,
Creative Technology, Ltd. v. Media Vision, Inc., No. 755609-1, in which Creative
alleges that the Company breached a Licensing and Settlement Agreement executed
in August and September 1992 in connection with settlement and dismissal of
earlier litigation between Creative and the Company. In the Complaint, Creative
demanded that the court order the Company to cease using, licensing and selling
certain software rights and products that are and/or contain what is allegedly
the property of Creative. Creative further demanded that the court impose a
constructive trust, for delivery to Creative, upon any revenues realized by the
Company from the unauthorized use, sale or license of this technology and/or
products. On December 18, 1995, the Company filed its Answer to the Complaint,
generally denying its allegations. In January 1997, Creative filed a motion to
dismiss the Complaint. The Court approved Creative's motion to dismiss this
matter without prejudice on January 31, 1997.
In July 1996, the Company received correspondence from Yamaha Corporation
("Yamaha") asserting that the Company's FM synthesis semiconductor device, which
the Company discontinued selling in early 1996, may infringe on a number of
Yamaha's patents. The Company has requested more specific information regarding
Yamaha's assertions, however it does not believe that its FM synthesis device
infringes upon any of Yamaha's patents. Yamaha has aggressively brought patent
infringement actions against other companies which have developed replacement FM
synthesis devices. Although there can be no assurance that Yamaha will not seek
litigation against the Company, the Company does not believe that the costs of
defense, which it would vigorously pursue, nor any findings therefrom, would
have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position.
In October 1996, a counterclaim was filed by the Company's prior auditors,
Ernst & Young LLP ("E&Y") naming the Company as a third-party defendant in a
lawsuit involving the Company's prior creditors and E&Y. The third-party
complaint sought indemnification and contribution from the Company for lawsuits
filed against E&Y resulting from pre-bankruptcy activities. The Company believes
that any such alleged obligations were discharged by bankruptcy court
confirmation of the Company's Plan of Reorganization in 1994. On February 28,
1997, a motion for summary judgment was awarded in favor of the Company.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
Not applicable. No matters were submitted to a vote of the Company's
security holders during the fourth quarter ended December 29, 1996.
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<PAGE> 13
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS
MARKET INFORMATION
The Company's Common Stock is currently trading on the OTC Bulletin Board.
As of March 7, 1997, there were approximately 270 stockholders of record of the
Common Stock. The following table sets forth the range of bid price information
for the Common Stock for the quarterly periods within the past two fiscal years.
These over-the-counter bid quotations may not necessarily represent prices at
which actual transactions took place.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
COMMON STOCK HIGH LOW
--------------------------------------------------------- ----- -----
<S> <C> <C>
FISCAL 1995
First Quarter.......................................... $3.38 $1.50
Second Quarter......................................... 1.94 1.03
Third Quarter.......................................... 3.00 1.13
Fourth Quarter......................................... 1.38 0.50
FISCAL 1996
First Quarter.......................................... $1.38 $0.81
Second Quarter......................................... 3.00 0.75
Third Quarter.......................................... 2.50 1.44
Fourth Quarter......................................... 2.50 1.63
</TABLE>
On March 7, 1997, the closing bid for the Common Stock on the OTC Bulletin
Board was $2.81 per share.
DIVIDENDS
The Company has not paid any cash dividends on its capital stock over the
past two years and currently anticipates that it will retain all available funds
for use in its business. The Company does not, therefore, anticipate paying any
cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Furthermore, the Company is prohibited
from declaring or paying cash dividends on its capital stock under the terms of
the TCW Credit Facility described in Note 5 to the Company's Financial
Statements included herewith.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The selected financial data set forth below should be read in conjunction
with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes thereto included in
Item 8 of this Annual Report. The statement of operations data for the years
ended December 29, 1996, December 31, 1995 and December 31, 1994 and the balance
sheet data as of these dates, have been derived from and are qualified by
reference to the consolidated financial statements which have been audited by
Arthur Andersen LLP, independent public accountants, and are included (except
the December 31, 1994 balance sheet) in Item 8 of this Annual Report. The
statement of operations data for the years ended December 31, 1993 and December
31, 1992 and the balance sheet data as of these dates has been derived from and
are qualified by reference to the consolidated financial statements which are
not included in this report, which have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP,
independent public accountants.
During 1995, the Company changed it fiscal year end from a calendar year
end to a fifty-two week period ending on the Sunday closest to the calendar year
end. Consequently, fiscal quarters commencing in 1995 include thirteen weeks.
This change had no impact on the 1995 financial statements, and does not impact
comparability between prior years.
In May 1996, Aureal Semiconductor Inc. acquired 100% ownership of Crystal
River Engineering, Inc., a privately held firm specializing in 3D audio
technology development. The acquisition was recorded under the terms of purchase
accounting. In conjunction with this acquisition, the Company recorded in 1996,
a write-off
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<PAGE> 14
of $6.0 million due to recognition that in-process research and development
efforts associated with CRE's 3D audio technology had not reached technological
feasibility with respect to the Company's product line at the date of the
acquisition.
In August 1995, the Company announced that is was divesting of its retail
multimedia components business to implement a business plan based upon
development and sale of software and semiconductor solutions to provide advanced
audio for the PC and consumer electronics markets. With this significant change
in business, revenues were reduced dramatically in the second half of 1995. 1996
was a year primarily of development for the Company's new business, with
significant product announcements being made only in the latter part of the
year. 1997 is expected to be the first year in which the Company recognizes
revenues from both semiconductor product sales and technology licensing.
As discussed in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the
Company emerged from Chapter 11 Bankruptcy proceedings on December 30, 1994. The
Company's Second Amended Plan of Reorganization resulted in a new entity at that
time. The Company adopted fresh start accounting effective December 31, 1994.
Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements for periods
prior to that date are not considered comparable with financial statements for
periods subsequent to December 31, 1994
Given the significant changes to the Company noted above, comparability of
the information included below between periods is not considered useful. In
addition, as the Company restructured its business in 1995 and only began to
introduce new technologies and products in the second half of 1996, the
information shown below should not be utilized toward making any projections of
future revenues or profitability.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FISCAL YEAR
--------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994 1993 1992
-------- --------- --------- --------- -------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA:
Net sales......................... $ 3,485 $ 47,747 $ 147,349 $ 145,304 $69,442
Income (loss) from continuing
operations...................... (17,020) (103,833) (157,956) (100,886) 628
Income (loss) before extraordinary
item............................ (17,020) (103,833) (166,457) (99,170) 628
Extraordinary item, gain on
discharge of indebtedness....... -- -- 131,329 -- --
-------- --------- --------- --------- -------
Net income (loss)................. $(17,020) $(103,833) $ (35,128) $ (99,170) $ 628
======== ========= ========= ========= =======
Earnings (loss) per share:
Continuing Operations........... $ (0.51) $ (5.19) $ (11.40) $ (7.67) $ .06
Discontinued Operations......... -- -- (.61) 0.13 --
Extraordinary item.............. -- -- 9.48 -- --
-------- --------- --------- --------- -------
$ (0.51) $ (5.19) $ (2.53) $ (7.54) $ .06
======== ========= ========= ========= =======
Shares used in calculating per
share amounts................... 33,344 20,000 13,859 13,158 10,182
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR-END
--------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994 1993 1992
-------- --------- --------- --------- -------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Working capital (deficiency)...... $ (3,500) $ (5,725) $ 37,506 $ (31,638) $52,791
Total assets...................... 4,145 7,761 107,335 176,847 82,948
Long-term obligations and
redeemable preferred stock...... 15,848 24,289 12,393 3,034 1,453
Total liabilities................. 19,906 31,594 27,335 184,016 26,467
Stockholders' equity (deficit).... (15,761) (23,833) 80,000 (7,169) 56,481
</TABLE>
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<PAGE> 15
Pursuant to the terms of the TCW Credit Facility, the Company is prohibited
from declaring or paying dividends on its capital stock. Accordingly, the
Company has paid no dividends to date and does not anticipate paying dividends
in the foreseeable future.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Selected
Financial Data included in Item 6 and the Consolidated Financial Statements
included in Item 8 herein.
Forward-looking statements in this report are made pursuant to the safe
harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
Investors are cautioned that such forward-looking statements involve risks and
uncertainties, including, but not limited to, dependence on new technology,
foundry capacity availability and reliability; dependence on the PC and consumer
electronics industries and on a product line based on a new technology;
competition and pricing pressures; the need for additional financing to support
future growth, and other risks detailed below and from time to time in the
Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
OVERVIEW
During the three-year period reported upon herein, significant changes took
place in the business of the Company. These changes included:
- May 29, 1996 - Acquisition of Crystal River Engineering, Inc.
- February through June 1996 -- Private placement of 18.9 million
shares of the Company's Common Stock
- August 1, 1995 -- Announcement that the Company was exiting the
retail PC products business to focus on development of a business
based on the design, development and marketing of audio semiconductor
solutions, and licensing of audio semiconductor technology.
- December 30, 1994 -- Exit from Chapter 11 Bankruptcy protection
- July 25, 1994 -- Entry into Chapter 11 Bankruptcy protection
These changes, in conjunction with the business and financial reporting
changes necessitated thereby, render operating data as well as balance sheet
information largely non-comparable for the years represented. While comparative
comments are included herein, the composition of the business varied greatly due
to the above noted events. During 1996, the Company had minimal revenues
resulting from its new products and technologies, as significant announcements
of specific available products and technologies took place only late in the
year. 1997 is expected to be the first year the Company recognizes revenues from
the sale of its new semiconductor products as well as technology licensing
transactions. No assumptions should be made as to future operations based upon
amounts or trends indicated for prior years.
The audio semiconductor industry is extremely competitive, and is
characterized by rapid technological change, evolving industry standards,
changing market conditions and frequent new product introductions and
enhancements. The introduction of products embodying new technologies or
standards can render existing products or products under development obsolete or
unmarketable. Many of the Company's competitors have more extensive engineering,
manufacturing, marketing, financial and personnel resources than those of the
Company. Accordingly, the Company's success in implementing its strategy to
focus on the audio semiconductor business will depend in large part on its
ability to anticipate industry changes and to develop and introduce new products
on a timely basis. Development and customer acceptance of new products is
inherently uncertain, and there can be no assurance that the Company will
successfully complete the development of its advanced audio products or
technologies on a timely basis or that such products or technologies will be
commercially successful.
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<PAGE> 16
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
FISCAL 1996 COMPARED TO FISCAL 1995
As noted above, 1995 and 1996 were periods of tremendous change for the
Company. The Company exited the retail PC upgrade kit market in the second half
of 1995. Through 1996, the Company progressed in its efforts to develop and
begin to market new audio technology to both the PC and consumer electronics
markets. Product and technology announcements were made in the second half of
1996, however first production quantities of semiconductor products will only
become available in the first quarter of 1997. The Company has signed licensing
agreements with a number of partners providing for the inclusion of Aureal's A3D
Interactive technologies in licensees' products. The first two of these products
were introduced in the first quarter of 1997, however further product releases
and availability dates are dependent upon each licensee's abilities to develop
and release products. The Company's primary goal in 1996 was to generate
visibility for and recognition of Aureal's technology in the marketplace.
Due to the above changes in the Company's operations in 1995 and 1996, the
years' financial results are not considered comparable. While some comparative
comments are included herein, the composition of the business varied greatly
between the years, and comparisons are not considered relevant. The financial
results for 1995 and 1996 should not be used to project any future operating
results nor trends.
NET SALES
Sales for 1996 totaled $3.5 million which consisted primarily of technology
licensing transactions along with sales of semiconductor products embodying
pre-existing audio technology in the first half of the year. In addition to
licenses for Aureal's pre-existing legacy audio technology, the Company has
entered into 3D audio technology ("A3D") licenses with Diamond Multimedia, Oak
Technology, Rockwell Semiconductor and Analog Devices. No significant revenues
were recorded during 1996 with respect to any of these transactions.
1995 sales of $47.7 million reflect PC multimedia upgrade kit sales
primarily during the first half of the year, prior to the announcement in August
that the Company was exiting that market.
GROSS MARGIN
Gross margin of $3.2 million for 1996 (91% of sales) resulted from the
large percentage of net sales represented by licensing transactions. The vast
majority of costs related to technology licensing are recorded as research and
development costs over the development period of the technology. Relatively
little current expense is connected directly with the sales, thus producing
relatively high gross margin percentages. As the Company begins to market its
semiconductor products, margin percentages will move downward to reflect the
current cost of producing physical product for sale.
In 1995, the Company recorded a negative gross margin of $6.1 million on
sales of $47.7 million in PC multimedia upgrade kit sales. The negative margin
reflected write-downs of retail inventories during the year to net realizable
value. Generally, the relatively short market lives of products in that market
(especially CD-ROM drives) keep extremely high pressure on prices of the
products and force prices on "older" products down dramatically over relatively
short time frames.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Costs for research and development of $6.2 million and $6.7 million in 1996
and 1995, respectively, reflect the Company's continued emphasis on new product
and technology development. In addition to the costs identified hereunder,
certain costs related to finalization of product specifics for individual
customers (product development) were reported as part of sales and marketing
expenses in 1996. The Company places its highest emphasis on research and
development efforts as it strives to set continually higher standards for audio
in the PC and consumer electronics fields. The announcement of Aureal's A3D
standards for Interactive PC and Surround applications in late 1996 was a direct
result of the combination of Aureal's and Crystal River Engineering's combined
research and development efforts subsequent to the companies' merger in
mid-year.
14
<PAGE> 17
The Company expects to continue and likely expand its research and development
spending in 1997 and later years.
SELLING AND MARKETING
Selling and marketing expenses increased in each of the four quarters of
1996 as the Company's efforts to introduce its technologies and products to the
marketplace intensified. These increases included additions to staffing as well
as incremental travel and specific product development costs as the Company
worked with potential customers worldwide to blend its technologies for retail
productization. Generally, in the case of products for sale to original
equipment manufacturers ("OEMs"), significant up-front costs are often incurred
before the first order for product is ever received.
1995 sales and marketing expenses of $13.2 million related to the domestic
and international efforts in the retail PC upgrade kit marketplace. Those
efforts were reduced in the third quarter and eliminated by year-end 1995.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE
General and administrative expenses of $2.6 million in 1996 (down from $4.4
million in 1995) reflected continued cost containment efforts for the Company as
product development efforts continued through the year. One significant area of
expenditure within this category was legal costs associated with preparing,
filing and prosecuting numerous patent applications during the year. To that
end, additional patent claims were granted by the U.S. Patent and Trademark
office on certain of the Company's 3D audio technologies in January 1997. The
Company plans to continue to aggressively pursue additional patents on its
current and future developed technologies and protect its current and future
patents against unauthorized use.
AMORTIZATION OF REORGANIZATION ASSET
The Reorganization Asset originated pursuant to the Company's valuation
upon its exit from bankruptcy protection on December 30, 1994 whereby the fair
value of the Company exceeded its net assets by $44.1 million. The
Reorganization Asset initially was being amortized over three years at the rate
of $3.7 million per fiscal quarter. During the second quarter of 1995 it was
determined that a significant portion of the Reorganization Asset could no
longer be assured of recovery and a $30.5 million write-off was recorded (see
Restructuring Charges below). The remaining Reorganization Asset value after the
write-off is being amortized through 1997 at the rate of $625,000 per fiscal
quarter.
RESTRUCTURING CHARGES
During 1995, the Company announced a plan to divest its worldwide retail
operations and provided a $61.6 million restructuring provision to reflect a
write-down of assets and record the incremental costs of exiting the business.
This provision was included as a component of operating expenses for the second
and third quarters of 1995 as the details of the process were determined. During
1995 and 1996, substantially all of the identified liabilities related to the
restructuring were finalized. As a result, a credit of $804,000 was recorded in
the fourth quarter of 1996 reflecting a revision of the original estimated
charges. The Company does not expect that final payment of all restructuring
costs will result in any charges to income in future periods.
INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest expense of $2.2 million in 1996 and $3.2 million in 1995 consisted
primarily of interest on the Company's working capital line of credit with TCW
(at the rate of prime plus 5%). In both years, the TCW Credit Facility was a
primary source of working capital. Equity funding of $22 million in the first
half of 1996 was used to both fund current working capital needs and partially
pay down the TCW Credit Facility, thus reducing interest expense in 1996. The
balance on the TCW Credit Facility is expected to increase in future periods as
it is utilized as a primary source of working capital.
15
<PAGE> 18
INTEREST INCOME AND OTHER INCOME AND EXPENSES
Interest income of $156,000 in 1996 was generated primarily on funds
invested temporarily following the Company's receipt of funds from private
placements of equity in the first quarter. Terms of the funding transactions
placed certain limitations on the Company's ability to use the offering proceeds
to reduce the outstanding balance of the TCW Credit Facility. The invested cash
declined during the second and third quarters as it was utilized for ongoing
operations costs as well as for the acquisition of CRE. With cash balances at a
minimum at the end of the year, future interest income is not expected to be
significant.
Interest income of $142,000 in 1995 was earned primarily on certificates of
deposit used to collateralize the purchase of certain inventory items, a program
terminated in the third quarter of that year.
The Company recognized net other income of $563,000 in 1996 from a number
of sources, including receipt of prior year VAT refunds and other old business
sources in excess of previously recorded amounts, recovery of property loss
insurance proceeds and miscellaneous other receipts.
INCOME TAXES
Due to its net operating losses in both 1996 and 1995, the Company was not
required to provide for income taxes in either year. No tax benefit has been
recorded for the losses due to the uncertainty as to its realizability.
FISCAL 1995 COMPARED TO FISCAL 1994
The Company emerged from Chapter 11 Bankruptcy proceedings on December 30,
1994. The Plan of Reorganization (POR) resulted in a new reporting entity. The
1995 fiscal year was the Company's first year of operations since emerging from
Chapter 11 Bankruptcy protection on December 30, 1994 and the results of
operations for 1995 are not considered comparable to any previous years.
During the second and third quarters of 1995, the Company recorded $61.6
million of restructuring charges to reflect the effects of exiting its retail
operations. This included $53.6 million recognized in the second quarter and an
$8.0 million incremental provision recognized in the third quarter of 1995 to
reflect management's accelerated plan to liquidate retail operations. See Note
11 to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. While the amount of the
restructuring charge reflected the Company's then current estimate of the net
realizable value of its retail operations and the cost to divest them, the
actual realizable value was difficult to ascertain and there can be no assurance
as to the amount ultimately realized upon final disposition.
NET SALES
Net sales for 1995 totaled $47.7 million, a decrease of 68% from the $147.3
million recorded in 1994. The decline in net sales from 1994 is the result of
the Company liquidating its retail operations. Substantially all net sales for
1995 were derived from retail products through August 1995, at which time the
Company announced its intended divestiture of retail operations.
GROSS MARGIN
The Company recorded a negative gross margin of $6.1 million in 1995
compared to a gross profit of $19.7 million in 1994. Negative gross margin
figures for 1995 resulted from the write-down of retail inventories during the
first three quarters to net realizable value. These write-downs reflect market
pricing pressures for products with relatively short retail market lives,
especially CD-ROM drives. Given the Company's significantly changed operations
since 1994, comparison of gross margins between 1995 and 1994 is not a
meaningful analysis.
16
<PAGE> 19
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Research and development expenditures declined to $6.7 million in 1995 from
$14.2 million in 1994. The decline in research and development spending is
primarily due to the elimination of engineering activities for a variety of
retail products. During 1994, the Company had numerous engineering projects in
the fields of audio, video, graphics and set-top boxes.
SELLING AND MARKETING
Selling and marketing expenses decreased to $13.2 million in 1995 from
$52.3 million in 1994. The significant reduction in these expense categories was
attributable to the Company's curtailment of retail operations.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE
General and administrative expenses decreased to $4.4 million in 1995 from
$24 million in 1994. $14.8 million of the 1994 expense consisted of bad debt
recognition prior to commencing bankruptcy protection proceedings. The decrease
in other general and administrative expenses in 1995 resulted directly from
downsizing of the support organization as the retail operations were curtailed
in mid-year 1995.
AMORTIZATION OF REORGANIZATION ASSET
Operating expenses for 1995 included $8.6 million of amortization of the
Reorganization Asset attributable to the Company's emergence from Chapter 11
Bankruptcy protection on December 30, 1994. In the second quarter of 1995, the
Reorganization Asset was written down to reflect the Company's exit from the
retail business (see Restructuring Charges below). Amortization of $625,000 per
quarter, which began in the third quarter of 1995, is anticipated to continue
through 1997.
RESTRUCTURING CHARGES
During 1995, the Company announced a plan to divest its worldwide retail
operations and provided a $61 million restructuring provision to reflect a
write-down of assets and record incremental costs. The provision was included as
a component of operating expenses for the second and third quarters of 1995
totaling $53.6 million and $8.0 million, respectively. The $8.0 million
incremental charge was a result of the Company's election to accelerate its
divestiture plan. See Note 11 to the Company's Consolidated Financial
Statements.
The second quarter restructuring provision included a $30.5 million
write-off of the Reorganization Asset. The Reorganization Asset originated
pursuant to the Company's POR whereby the fair value of the Company exceeded its
net assets by $44.1 million as of December 30, 1994. In light of second quarter
results and the Company's decision to divest its retail operations, it was
determined that a significant portion of the Reorganization Asset could no
longer be assured of recovery and a write-off was necessary. The write-off was
calculated by comparing the carrying value of the Reorganization Asset with
discounted future cash flow projections over the remaining life of the
Reorganization Asset using the Company's incremental borrowing rate. The cash
flow projections anticipated the cost and probable future savings from the
restructuring actions, the expected benefit from products and technologies then
in the latter stages of development, and availability of capital.
The restructuring plan consisted of a series of actions, which were
substantially completed by the end of 1995. Certain of the liabilities resulting
from these actions, primarily retail customer service and technical support,
were funded over future periods. The Company believes that the restructuring
actions were necessary because of its inability to secure favorable vendor terms
for critical components in retail products, its lack of access to low cost
circuit board manufacturing arrangements, and the competitive pressures which
depressed retail gross margins.
Restructuring charges totaling $12.3 million were recorded in 1994
primarily due to the Company's filing for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy protection in
July 1994.
17
<PAGE> 20
INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSE
Interest income, primarily earned on restricted cash used to satisfy
inventory commitments, decreased to $142,000 in 1995 as compared to $290,000 in
1994, as inventory commitments declined.
Interest expense decreased to $3.2 million in 1995 from $5.2 million in
1994. 1995 interest expense was primarily due to borrowings under the Company's
line of credit with TCW. A significant portion of 1994 interest expense
originated prior to filing for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy protection.
INCOME TAXES
The Company was not required to provide for income taxes in 1995 or 1994
due to its net operating losses. No tax benefit has been recorded for the losses
in 1995 or 1994 due to the uncertainty as to its future realizability.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The Company has recorded operating losses for each of the last two years,
since its exit from Chapter 11 Bankruptcy protection in December 1994. Its
decision to terminate the prior retail PC upgrade kit business in mid-1995 and
concentrate all of its resources on development of audio technologies and
semiconductor solutions for the PC and consumer electronics markets led to a
period of product development without significant revenues. The Company
anticipates that 1997 will be the first year in which it recognizes revenues
from both its new technology licenses as well as semiconductor product sales. To
support its operations over this time, the Company has (i) liquidated the assets
of its prior business, (ii) continued to borrow against its TCW Credit Facility,
and (iii) sold 18.9 million additional shares of the Company's Common Stock (at
prices ranging from $1.00 to $1.35 per share) in private placement transactions
in the first half of 1996.
As of December 29, 1996, the Company had a working capital deficit of $3.5
million and shareholders' deficit of $15.8 million. In addition, the Company
anticipates the need to expand the business with the manufacture of products
(through outside foundries) and financing of customer receivables as sales of
semiconductor products are anticipated to commence in 1997. Working capital to
provide for this growth is expected to be provided primarily from the Company's
working capital line of credit. Estimations of cash flows from operations are
inherently difficult for a company just commencing sales. The Company expects to
require financing, in addition to the availability under its TCW Credit
Facility, during 1997 to support its growth. The Company is currently
considering various financing options, including additional equity
capitalization. The Company's primary lender and largest shareholder, TCW, has
expressed its commitment to provide funds to support the cash flow requirements
of the Company's current business plan at least through fiscal 1997. If the
Company finds it necessary to materially alter its business plan, financing to
provide for its cash flow requirements may not be available from TCW or others.
Capital expenditures of $590,000 in 1996 consisted primarily of hardware
and software tools utilized in the Company's research and development
activities. Similar levels of capital expenditures are anticipated in 1997.
The TCW line of credit has a current maturity date of March 31, 1998. The
Company's current projections indicate that there will not be sufficient cash
flow from operations to fund that obligation. The Company plans to negotiate
with the lender during 1997 to refinance or otherwise extend the line. The
Company's ability to continue its operations is dependent on refinancing that
line or obtaining replacement financing. There can be no assurance that such
refinancing will occur or that replacement financing can be obtained. Borrowings
under the line of credit are secured by substantially all assets of the Company,
and bear interest at the rate of prime plus 5% per annum. The maturity date
(originally March 1, 1995) and the total availability under the line (ranging
from $10 million to $22 million to date) have been negotiated periodically with
TCW. As of March 7, 1997, $13.2 million was outstanding under the line, with
$6.8 million available for further borrowing. In addition, as of March 7, 1997,
TCW and affiliated entities controlled approximately 45% of the outstanding
Common Stock of the Company.
18
<PAGE> 21
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
To Aureal Semiconductor Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Aureal
Semiconductor Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries as of December 29,
1996 and December 31, 1995, and related consolidated statements of operations,
stockholders' equity (deficit) and cash flows for each of the three fiscal years
in the period ended December 29, 1996. These financial statements and the
schedule referred to below are the responsibility of the Company's management.
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based
on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the financial position of Aureal Semiconductor Inc.
and subsidiaries as of December 29, 1996 and December 31, 1995 and the results
of their operations and their cash flows for the each of the three fiscal years
in the period ended December 29, 1996, in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles.
As discussed in Note 1, the Company's $20 million line of credit expires on
March 31, 1998. The Company's current projections indicate that there will not
be sufficient cash flow from operations to fund that obligation. The Company
plans to negotiate with the lender during 1997 to refinance or otherwise extend
the line. The Company's ability to continue its operations is dependent on
refinancing that line or obtaining replacement financing. However, there can be
no assurance that such refinancing will occur or that replacement financing can
be obtained.
Our audits were made for the purpose of forming an opinion on the basic
financial statements taken as a whole. The schedule listed in Item 14.(a)(2) of
the financial statements is presented for purposes of complying with the
Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and is not part of the basic
financial statements. This schedule has been subjected to the auditing
procedures applied in the audit of the basic financial statements and, in our
opinion, fairly states in all material respects the financial data required to
be set forth therein in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a
whole.
ARTHUR ANDERSEN LLP
San Jose, California
February 28, 1997
19
<PAGE> 22
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
ASSETS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR-END
-----------------------
1996 1995
--------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents.......................................... $ 18 $ 22
Restricted cash.................................................... -- 206
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $23 in 1996 and $2,585 in
1995............................................................ 63 59
Inventories........................................................ 74 178
Refundable income taxes............................................ -- 145
Prepaid expenses and other current assets.......................... 403 970
--------- ---------
Total current assets....................................... 558 1,580
Property and equipment:
Machinery and equipment............................................ 2,596 1,961
Furniture, fixtures and improvements............................... 914 913
--------- ---------
3,510 2,874
Accumulated depreciation and amortization.......................... (2,518) (1,813)
--------- ---------
Net property and equipment...................................... 992 1,061
Reorganization asset, less accumulated amortization of $11,096 in
1996 and $8,596 in 1995............................................ 2,500 5,000
Other assets......................................................... 95 120
--------- ---------
Total assets............................................... $ 4,145 $ 7,761
========= =========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable................................................... $ 670 $ 836
Accrued compensation and benefits.................................. 1,278 448
Restructuring obligations.......................................... -- 2,146
Other accrued liabilities.......................................... 1,229 2,929
Current portion of pre-petition claims............................. 881 946
--------- ---------
Total current liabilities.................................. 4,058 7,305
Line of Credit from TCW............................................ 10,325 19,300
Long-term portion of pre-petition claims and deferred
obligations..................................................... 5,523 4,989
--------- ---------
19,906 31,594
--------- ---------
Commitments
Stockholders' equity (deficit):
Common stock, $.001 par value:
Authorized shares -- 100,000,000; Issued and outstanding shares
-- 39,190,795 in 1996 and 20,000,000 in 1995................... 39 20
Additional paid-in capital......................................... 105,053 79,980
Accumulated deficit................................................ (120,853) (103,833)
--------- ---------
Total stockholders' equity (deficit)....................... (15,761) (23,833)
--------- ---------
Total liabilities and stockholders' deficit................ $ 4,145 $ 7,761
========= =========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
20
<PAGE> 23
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FISCAL YEAR
------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
-------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net Sales................................................ $ 3,485 $ 47,747 $ 147,349
Cost of Sales............................................ 304 53,802 127,686
------- -------- --------
Gross Margin............................................. 3,181 (6,055) 19,663
Operating expenses:
Research and Development............................... 6,231 6,730 14,216
Sales and Marketing.................................... 2,177 13,247 52,254
General and administrative............................. 2,564 4,422 23,982
Amortization of reorganization asset................... 2,500 8,596 --
Restructuring charges.................................. (804) 61,626 12,347
Write-off of acquired research and development in
progress............................................ 6,013
------- -------- --------
Total operating expenses....................... 18,681 94,621 102,799
------- -------- --------
Operating loss........................................... (15,500) (100,676) (83,136)
Interest expense....................................... (2,239) (3,183) (5,243)
Interest income........................................ 156 142 290
Other income (expense)................................. 563 (116) --
------- -------- --------
Loss from continuing operations before Chapter 11 claims
and income taxes....................................... (17,020) (103,833) (88,089)
Bankruptcy claims and expenses incurred in connection
with Chapter 11 filings................................ -- -- 70,806
------- -------- --------
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes...... (17,020) (103,833) (158,895)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes..................... -- -- (939)
------- -------- --------
Loss from continuing operations.......................... (17,020) (103,833) (157,956)
Discontinued Operations:
Loss from operations of discontinued division, net of
tax................................................. -- -- (3,555)
Loss on disposal of division, net of tax............... -- -- (4,946)
------- -------- --------
Loss before extraordinary item........................... (17,020) (103,833) (166,457)
Extraordinary item, gain on discharge of indebtedness.... 131,329
------- -------- --------
Net loss................................................. $(17,020) $(103,833) $ (35,128)
======= ======== ========
Earnings (loss) per share:
Continuing Operations.................................. $ (0.51) $ (5.19) $ (11.40)
Discontinued Operations................................ -- -- (.61)
Extraordinary item..................................... -- -- 9.48
------- -------- --------
$ (0.51) $ (5.19) $ (2.53)
======= ======== ========
Shares used in calculating per share amounts........... 33,344 20,000 13,859
======= ======== ========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
21
<PAGE> 24
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FISCAL YEAR
------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
-------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net loss from continuing operations...................... $(17,020) $(103,833) $(157,956)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss from continuing
operations to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization.......................... 3,204 10,661 6,814
Restructuring charges.................................. (804) 61,626 12,347
Deferred income taxes.................................. -- -- (3,034)
Loss on disposal of fixed assets....................... -- -- 649
Write-off of acquired research and development in
process............................................. 6,013 -- --
Stock option charge to earnings under SFAS No. 123..... 58 -- --
Changes in operating assets and liabilities -- net of
assets acquired and liabilities assumed in 1996:
Restricted cash provided or released................ 206 3,025 (3,231)
Accounts receivable................................. 212 14,795 (2,302)
Inventories......................................... 178 10,167 33,533
Prepaid expenses and other current assets........... 722 3,351 8,664
Other assets........................................ 236 591 54
Accounts payable.................................... (283) (1,594) (7,393)
Accrued compensation and benefits, and other
liabilities....................................... (1,729) (9,262) (10,498)
Income taxes payable................................ -- -- (3,412)
------- -------- --------
Net cash used in operating activities of continuing
operations............................................. (9,007) (10,473) (125,765)
Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued operations... -- -- (2,886)
Bankruptcy claims and expenses incurred in connection
with Chapter 11 filings................................ -- -- 70,806
------- -------- --------
Net cash used in operating activities.................... (9,007) (10,473) (57,845)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Payment for acquisition of business, net of cash
acquired............................................ (2,970) -- --
Acquisition of property and equipment.................. (590) (277) (6,102)
Proceeds from disposition of property and equipment.... 3 581 --
Capitalization of software development costs........... -- -- (3,221)
------- -------- --------
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities...... (3,557) 304 (9,323)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from TCW Credit Facility...................... 6,153 23,555 7,195
Repayment of TCW Credit Facility....................... (15,128) (11,450) --
Principal payments on pre-petition claims.............. (661) (2,504) --
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance
costs............................................... 22,196 -- 630
Principal payments on capital lease obligations........ -- -- (490)
Issuance costs on prior issuance of convertible
subordinated debentures............................. -- -- (43)
------- -------- --------
Net cash provided by financing activities................ 12,560 9,601 7,292
------- -------- --------
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents................ (4) (568) (59,876)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period......... 22 590 60,466
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period............... $ 18 $ 22 $ 590
======= ======== ========
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Interest paid.......................................... $ 2,685 $ 2,544 $ 4,487
Income taxes paid...................................... -- -- 9,721
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NONCASH INVESTING
AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Incurrence of capital lease obligations................ -- -- 490
Extraordinary item, gain on discharge of
indebtedness........................................ -- -- 131,329
Assumption of stock options in CRE acquisition......... 2,838 -- --
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
22
<PAGE> 25
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AMOUNTS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TOTAL
COMMON STOCK ADDITIONAL RETAINED STOCKHOLDERS'
-------------------- PAID-IN EARNINGS EQUITY
SHARES AMOUNT CAPITAL (DEFICIT) (DEFICIT)
----------- ------ ---------- --------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PREDECESSOR
Balance at December 31, 1993........ 13,717,390 $ 14 $ 97,121 $(104,304) $ (7,169)
Issuance of Common Stock, net of
repurchases....................... 354,789 -- 630 -- 630
Foreign Currency Translation........ -- -- (185) -- (185)
Net loss............................ -- -- -- (35,128) (35,128)
Issuance of new Common Stock in
accordance with the Plan of
Reorganization.................... 20,000,000 20 79,980 -- 80,000
Application of fresh-start
accounting........................ (14,072,179) (14) (97,566) 139,432 41,852
POST-EMERGENCE
Balance at December 31, 1994........ 20,000,000 20 79,980 -- 80,000
Net Loss............................ -- -- -- (103,833) (103,833)
----------- ---- -------- --------- ---------
Balance at December 31, 1995........ 20,000,000 20 79,980 (103,833) (23,833)
Issuance of Common Stock in private
placement transactions............ 18,888,888 19 21,938 -- 21,957
Issuance of Common Stock upon
exercise of stock options......... 301,907 -- 239 -- 239
Value of stock options assumed in
CRE Acquisition................... -- -- 2,838 -- 2,838
Accounting for value, under SFAS No.
123, of stock options and warrants
issued to non-employees........... -- -- 58 -- 58
Net Loss............................ -- -- -- (17,020) (17,020)
----------- ---- -------- --------- ---------
Balance at December 29, 1996........ 39,190,795 $ 39 $105,053 $(120,853) $ (15,761)
=========== ==== ======== ========= =========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
23
<PAGE> 26
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. THE COMPANY AND RECENT EVENTS
Aureal Semiconductor Inc., together with its subsidiary Crystal River
Engineering, Inc. (combined, the "Company"), specialize in the design and
marketing of audio semiconductor technologies for use in both the PC and home
electronics markets. Crystal River Engineering, Inc., ("CRE") founded in 1987
and acquired by Aureal in 1996, has been a pioneer in the development of 3D
audio technologies. The Company's business plan combines the development and
sale of audio processing semiconductor chips as well as technology licensing
agreements designed to define and maintain audio standards in the marketplace.
As of December 29, 1996, the Company had a working capital deficit of $3.5
million and shareholders' deficit of $15.8 million. Further, the Company expects
to require additional financing during 1997 to support its growth. The Company
is currently considering various financing options, including possible
additional equity capitalization. The Company's primary lender and largest
shareholder, TCW, has expressed its commitment to provide funds to support the
cash flow requirements of the Company's current business plan at least through
fiscal 1997. If the Company finds it necessary to materially alter its business
plan, financing to provide for its cash flow requirements may not be available
from TCW or others.
The Company maintains a $20 million line of credit with a current
expiration date of March 31, 1998. The Company's current projections indicate
that there will not be sufficient cash flow from operations to fund that
obligation. The Company plans to negotiate with the lender during 1997 to
refinance or otherwise extend the line. The Company's ability to continue
operations is dependent on refinancing that line or obtaining replacement
financing. There can be no assurance that such refinancing will occur or that
replacement financing can be obtained.
During 1995 and 1996, a number of significant changes took place in the
Company's business following its emergence from Chapter 11 Bankruptcy
proceedings in December 1994. At the time the Company was reorganized in
December 1994, it derived substantially all of its revenues from the design,
development and sale of multimedia add-in systems for PCs marketed through
electronics retailers and distributors.
In August 1995, the Company announced that it was divesting its multimedia
components business to implement a business plan based on the development and
sale of software and semiconductor solutions providing advanced audio for the PC
and consumer electronics markets. As part of this change in business, in the
first quarter of 1996, the Company sold the Media Vision brand name, related
trade names and other assets of its previous retail products business to a third
party. The sales agreement transferred the retail customer service and technical
support obligations to the buyer. It also provided for a potential royalty
stream on future sales made under the Media Vision brand name, and a commitment
by the buyer to purchase products incorporating the Company's current advanced
audio solutions for the PC market.
In conjunction with the Company's change in business, it formally changed
its name to Aureal Semiconductor Inc. at its Annual Stockholders' Meeting in May
1996. The Company's stock symbol on the OTC Bulletin Board is AURL.
The above noted changes to the Company render operating data as well as
balance sheet information largely noncomparable for the years represented. No
assumptions should be made as to future operations based upon amounts or trends
indicated for prior years.
In three transactions from February through June 1996, the Company
completed the private sale of 18.9 million shares of common stock for $22
million. The proceeds from the sale of this common stock have been used for
working capital, to pay down the existing working capital credit facility and to
partially fund the acquisition of CRE (see below). In conjunction with this
equity infusion, the total availability under the Company's line of credit was
reduced from $22 million to $20 million.
The Company, in May 1996, acquired 100% ownership of CRE, a privately held
firm specializing in 3D audio technology development. The total recorded cost of
the acquisition was $6.4 million. Aureal recorded, in
24
<PAGE> 27
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
the second quarter of 1996, a write-off of $6.0 million due to the recognition
that in-process research and development efforts associated with CRE's 3D audio
technologies had not reached technological feasibility with respect to the
Company's product line at the date of acquisition.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company
and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Certain reclassifications have been made to
the prior period financial statements to conform to the December 29, 1996
presentation.
During 1995, the Company changed its fiscal year end from a calendar year
end to a fifty-two week period ending on the Sunday closest to the calendar year
end. Consequently, fiscal quarters include thirteen weeks. The fiscal year ends
presented occurred on December 29, 1996, December 31, 1995 and December 31,
1994.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the
reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
The Company considers all investments purchased with an original maturity
of three months or less to be cash equivalents. At year end 1995, $206,000 in
short-term certificates of deposit represented collateral for certain import
customs bonding obligations. This requirement for collateralization was
eliminated during 1996.
Inventories
Inventories, which consist predominantly of finished goods at both balance
sheet dates presented, are stated at the lower of cost or market value.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated utilizing the
straight-line method over their estimated useful lives (one and one-half to
seven years).
Revenue Recognition
In 1996, the Company's major sources of revenue consisted of sales of
proprietary design, advanced audio semiconductor chips, licensing of related
audio technologies and sales of PC hardware and software for utilization of the
audio technologies. Revenue was recognized upon shipment for product sales. With
respect to licensing transactions, revenue was recognized upon delivery of
certain technologies for development fees, and upon reported sales of licensed
units for royalties.
Prior to the mid-1995 restructuring, the Company sold PC upgrade products
to retailers and distributors, and recognized revenue upon product shipment.
Allowances for sales returns, price protection and warranty costs have been
recorded at the time sales are recognized in accordance with SFAS 48.
25
<PAGE> 28
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Concentration of Credit Risks
Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to
concentration of credit risk consist principally of trade receivables.
Concentration of credit risk with respect to trade receivables are limited as
the majority of the Company's customers are well-established companies and
government agencies. Additionally, the Company establishes an allowance for
doubtful accounts, if necessary, based upon factors surrounding the credit risk
of specific customers, historical trends and other available information.
Stock Option Accounting -- SFAS No. 123 Adoption
In October 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 "Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation" which requires increased disclosure of certain calculated value
information related to stock options granted to employees and new accounting
treatment for stock-based compensation granted to nonemployees. The Company
adopted SFAS No. 123 effective for 1996. As a result, a charge of $58,000 was
recognized during the year related to stock options and warrants granted to
non-employees. In addition, incremental stock option valuation information is
presented in Note 7.
Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Loss per share is based upon the weighted average common shares outstanding
for the year.
Primary earnings (loss) per share is based upon weighted average common and
common equivalent shares outstanding during the period. Equivalent shares, if
any, are calculated using the treasury stock method and consist of outstanding
stock options that have a dilutive effect on earnings per share. No stock option
information was incorporated into the calculations for any fiscal year presented
as, due to the net loss, any affect would be anti-dilutive.
Fresh Start Accounting
AICPA Statement of Position 90-7 "Financial Reporting by Entities in
Reorganization Under the Bankruptcy Code" prescribes the use of "fresh start
accounting" under specific circumstances as entities exist in or emerge from
bankruptcy proceedings. The Company has utilized this fresh start accounting in
initiating its balance sheet at December 31, 1994 upon emergence from
bankruptcy.
Pursuant to the Plan of Reorganization ("POR") confirmed by the bankruptcy
court, the stockholders of record as of December 30, 1994 received no
distribution under the POR, have no rights or claims against the Company and
their shares were canceled. On December 31, 1994, the Company placed into escrow
twenty million shares of Common Stock for the cancellation of approximately $215
million of claims against the Company. As a result of the Chapter 11 proceedings
and the related POR, a gain on the forgiveness of debt totaling $131.3 million
was recognized in December 1994 (net of deferred debt issuance costs from
canceled debentures). There was no tax effect recorded on the gain.
Amortization of Intangibles
At December 31, 1994, the reorganization value of the Company in excess of
its net assets generated a $44.1 million intangible value that was classified as
a reorganization asset in the consolidated balance sheet of the Company
("Reorganization Asset"). The Reorganization Asset consists primarily of
proprietary technology and other intangibles having an estimated useful life of
three years. Accordingly, the Reorganization Asset is being amortized on a
straight-line basis over three years. The carrying value of the Reorganization
Asset was reviewed during the second quarter of 1995 in light of the Company's
revenue and profitability levels and the related decision to divest its retail
business. This review suggested that the Reorganization Asset was impaired, as
determined based on projected cash flows of the Company over the remaining
amortization period. The
26
<PAGE> 29
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
cash flow projections anticipated the cost and probable future savings from the
restructuring actions, the expected benefit from products and technologies then
in the latter stages of development, and availability of existing capital.
Consequently, the carrying value of the Reorganization Asset was reduced during
the second quarter of 1995 to $6.2 million in accordance with Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 121 "Accounting for the Impairment of
Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed Of". Amortization of
the Reorganization Asset for the years ended December 29, 1996 and December 31,
1995 was $2.5 million and $8.6 million, respectively, and was included as a
component of operating expenses. The Reorganization Asset is scheduled to
amortize at a rate of $625,000 per quarter through 1997.
In conjunction with the acquisition of Crystal River Engineering, Inc.,
(See Note 3) made during the second quarter of 1996, the allocation of the
purchase price included an intangible asset of $150,000 which was recorded on
the Company's books. Amortization over the estimated useful life of eighteen
months for the intangible asset value commenced in mid-1996. As a result of
further asset value allocations throughout the year, the intangible asset was
reduced by $61,000 during 1996.
3. ACQUISITION OF CRYSTAL RIVER ENGINEERING, INC. ("CRE")
During the second quarter of 1996, the Company acquired 100% ownership of
CRE, a privately held firm specializing in the development of 3D audio
technologies. The acquisition consideration included purchase of stock for cash
totaling approximately $2.9 million, the exchange of stock options valued at
$2.8 million and other cash considerations (both current and deferred) totaling
approximately $0.6 million. The acquisition was recorded using purchase
accounting. All operating results of CRE subsequent to the date of acquisition
have been included in the consolidated financial statements of Aureal. The fair
value of CRE assets and liabilities at the date of acquisition were recorded in
the Company's consolidated financial statements. As part of the allocation of
fair values, the Company recorded a non-recurring write-off of approximately
$6.0 million in the second quarter due to recognition that in-process research
and development efforts associated with CRE's 3D audio technology had not
reached technological feasibility with respect to the Company's product line at
the date of acquisition. The Company plans to incorporate the CRE 3D audio
technology into a number of its future products.
Pro-forma information assuming the acquisition had taken place at the
beginning of each fiscal year is shown below (in thousands, except per share
amounts):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FISCAL
FISCAL 1996 1995
----------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
Revenues............................................. $ 3,909 $ 49,628
Costs and expenses................................... 21,725 154,173
-------- --------
Net loss............................................. $ (17,816) $(104,545)
-------- --------
Net loss per share................................... $ (0.53) $ (5.23)
======== ========
</TABLE>
27
<PAGE> 30
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
4. OTHER ACCRUED LIABILITIES
Other accrued liabilities as of year end 1996 and 1995 consisted of the
following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995
------ ------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C>
Warranty and product support............................... $ 224 $ 834
Interest payable........................................... 325 633
Professional fees and administrative claims arising from
Chapter 11 filings....................................... 233 433
Deferred technology support................................ 105 587
Other...................................................... 342 442
------ ------
$1,229 $2,929
====== ======
</TABLE>
5. LINE OF CREDIT FROM TCW
The Company maintains a line of credit, with a current maturity date of
March 31, 1998, with certain entities managed by TCW Special Credits, an
affiliate of the TCW Group, Inc., ("TCW"). The maturity date (originally March
1, 1995) and the total availability under the line (ranging from $10 million to
$22 million to date) have been negotiated periodically with TCW. In conjunction
with the private placement of equity finalized in June 1996, the line of credit
was reduced from $22 million to $20 million. Borrowings under the facility are
secured by substantially all the assets of the Company and bear interest at the
rate of prime (8.25% at December 29, 1996) plus five percent. At December 29,
1996, $10.3 million was outstanding under the line. Additionally, as of December
29, 1996, TCW and affiliated entities controlled approximately 45% of the
Company's outstanding common stock.
The Company is prohibited from declaring or paying cash dividends on its
capital stock under the terms of the TCW line of credit.
6. COMMITMENTS
Operating Leases
The Company utilizes facilities and certain equipment under non-cancelable
operating leases that expire at various dates through the year 1999. Under the
terms of the leases, the Company is generally responsible for taxes, insurance,
and normal maintenance costs. The Company executed a sublease covering its
former corporate offices which commenced January 1996 and continues through the
term of the underlying lease.
Aggregate future minimum annual payments under the operating leases and
related sublease proceeds as of December 29, 1996 are as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
MINIMUM
COMMITMENT SUBLEASE
---------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
1997................................................... $1,147 $1,001
1998................................................... 989 834
1999................................................... 198 --
2000 and thereafter.................................... -- --
------ ------
Total minimum lease payments........................... $2,334 $1,835
====== ======
</TABLE>
Rent expenses charged to operations totaled $0.2 million, $1.1 million and
$2.6 million for the fiscal years 1996, 1995 and 1994, respectively.
28
<PAGE> 31
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Pre-petition Claims
Pursuant to the Plan of Reorganization under which the Company exited
Chapter 11 Bankruptcy protection in 1994, certain lease claims and
administrative tax claims were assumed by the Company as unsecured debt
obligations. These obligations are payable in both monthly and quarterly
installments through 2001 and bear interest at 9.0% to 9.3%.
With respect to approximately $3.7 million of principal value of the above
noted obligations, during the fourth quarter of 1995, the Company negotiated an
extension on the maturity dates to December 2000 and a modification to the
monthly installments thereon. These modifications reduced the debt service cash
outflow for the Company by approximately $1.1 million in 1996, and $.9 million
in 1997, however, the added interest expense on the lengthened payment schedule
will add $550,000 to the total payments over the term of the debt.
Minimum future payment obligations as of December 29, 1996 are as follows
(in thousands):
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
1997................................................................ $1,177
1998................................................................ 1,154
1999................................................................ 1,259
2000................................................................ 1,212
2001 and thereafter................................................. --
------
Total future minimum payments....................................... 4,802
Less amounts representing interest............................. (732)
------
Present value of future minimum payments............................ 4,070
Less current portion........................................... (881)
------
Long-term portion................................................... $3,189
======
</TABLE>
Litigation
The Company has received, and may receive in the future, communications
from third parties asserting that the Company's trademarks or products infringe
the proprietary rights of third parties or seeking indemnification against such
infringement. Further, the laws relating to copyright infringement and
restrictions under copyright law with respect to achieving compatibility with
third party products are uncertain and have been changing significantly as a
result of several recent court decisions. The costs of any litigation alleging
that the Company has infringed the proprietary rights of a third party, or
damages resulting from such a claim, could be substantial and could materially
adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations.
In August 1995, Creative Technology, Ltd. ("Creative") filed a Complaint
against the Company in the Superior Court of Alameda County, California,
Creative Technology, Ltd. v. Media Vision, Inc., No. 755609-1, in which Creative
alleges that the Company breached a Licensing and Settlement Agreement executed
in August and September 1992 in connection with settlement and dismissal of
earlier litigation between Creative and the Company. In the Complaint, Creative
demanded that the court order the Company to cease using, licensing and selling
certain software rights and products that are and/or contain what is allegedly
the property of Creative. Creative further demanded that the court impose a
constructive trust, for delivery to Creative, upon any revenues realized by the
Company from the unauthorized use, sale or license of this technology and/or
products. On December 18, 1995, the Company filed its Answer to the Complaint,
generally denying its allegations. In January 1997, Creative filed a motion to
dismiss the Complaint. The Court approved Creative's motion to dismiss this
matter without prejudice on January 31, 1997.
29
<PAGE> 32
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
In July 1996, the Company received correspondence from Yamaha Corporation
("Yamaha") asserting that the Company's FM synthesis semiconductor device, which
the Company discontinued selling in early 1996, may infringe on a number of
Yamaha's patents. The Company has requested more specific information regarding
Yamaha's assertions, however it does not believe that its FM synthesis device
infringes upon any of Yamaha's patents. Yamaha has aggressively brought patent
infringement actions against other companies which have developed replacement FM
synthesis devices. Although there can be no assurance that Yamaha will not seek
litigation against the Company, the Company does not believe that the costs of
defense, which it would vigorously pursue, nor any findings therefrom, would
have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position.
In October 1996, a counterclaim was filed by the Company's prior auditors,
Ernst & Young LLP ("E&Y") naming the Company as a third-party defendant in a
lawsuit involving the Company's prior creditors and E&Y. The third-party
complaint sought indemnification and contribution from the Company for lawsuits
filed against E&Y resulting from prebankruptcy activities. The Company believes
that any such alleged obligations were discharged by bankruptcy court
confirmation of the Company's Plan of Reorganization in 1994. On February 28,
1997, a motion for summary judgment was awarded in favor of the Company.
7. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Private Placement of Common Stock
During the first half of 1996, in three private transactions, the Company
sold a total of 18.9 million shares of Common Stock for $22 million. The
proceeds from the sale of this stock were used for working capital, to pay down
the existing TCW Credit Facility and to partially fund the acquisition of CRE.
All shares sold in these transactions, along with other shares previously
acquired by TCW have been registered for potential resale by the holders into
the public market via a Form S-3 registration statement declared effective in
June 1996 by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
In May 1996, at the annual meeting of stockholders, the Company's
stockholders approved an increase in the number of authorized shares of the
Company's Common Stock from 50 million shares to 100 million shares.
Stock Option Plans
The Company has three stock option plans under which eligible individuals
may be granted options to purchase shares of Common Stock. In 1994, the Board of
Directors established and stockholders approved the 1994 Stock Option Plan (the
"1994 Option Plan") whereby 3,000,000 shares of Common Stock were reserved for
issuance to employees (including consultants and directors who are not
employees). In August 1995, the Board of Directors established the 1995 Stock
Option Plan (the "1995 Option Plan") whereby 1,000,000 additional shares were
reserved for future issuance to employees (including consultants and directors
who are not employees). In February 1996, the Board of Directors, in
anticipation of the above noted private placement transactions, approved an
increase of the share reserve under the 1995 Option Plan such that an aggregate
20% of all outstanding shares on a fully diluted basis would be available for
issuance under the 1994 Option Plan and the 1995 Option Plan, combined. The 1995
Option Plan was approved by the stockholders at their May 1996 meeting. Options
granted under the 1994 and 1995 Option Plans are either incentive stock options
or non-statutory stock options, as designated by the plan administrator. In
November 1996, the Board of Directors established the 1996 Outside Directors
Stock Option Plan (the "1996 Directors Option Plan") whereby 200,000 shares of
Common Stock were reserved for issuance to directors who are not employees. The
1996 Director Option Plan will be formally submitted for approval at the
Stockholders' meeting in May 1997.
The 1994 Option Plan provides that (i) the exercise price of an incentive
stock option will be no less than the fair market value of the Company's Common
Stock at the date of grant, and (ii) the exercise price to an
30
<PAGE> 33
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
optionee who possesses more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all
classes of stock will be no less than 110% of the fair market value, all as
determined by the plan administrator. Vesting under the 1994 Option Plan
provides the holder the right to exercise 20% of the shares 180 days after the
date of grant, and the remaining 80% at the rate of 1/42 per month over the
succeeding 42 months. The plan administrator has the authority to set exercise
dates (no longer than ten years from date of grant, or five years for an
optionee who meets the 10% criteria), payment terms and other provisions for
each grant.
The 1995 Option Plan provides that (i) the exercise price of an incentive
stock option will be no less than the fair market value of the Company's Common
Stock at the date of grant, and (ii) the exercise price to an optionee who
possesses more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of
stock will be no less than 110% of the fair market value, all as determined by
the plan administrator. Options under the 1995 Option Plan are generally
exercisable immediately, but are subject to repurchase based upon certain
criteria established by the plan administrator at the time the option is
granted. The plan administrator has the authority to set exercise dates (no
longer than ten years from date of grant, or five years for an optionee who
meets the 10% criteria), payment terms and other provisions for each grant.
The 1996 Directors Option Plan provides that (i) automatic grants of 30,000
stock options are made to eligible directors upon appointment or election to the
Board and incremental grants of 5,000 stock options are made annually
thereafter, and (ii) the exercise prices of the options will be the fair market
value of the shares of stock on the date the options are granted. Vesting under
the 1996 Directors Option Plan provides the holder the right to exercise 25% of
the shares one year after the date of grant, and the remaining 75% at the rate
of 2.08% per month over the succeeding 36 months. Any outstanding options
terminate 10 years from the date of grant if not exercised previously.
During 1995, approximately 1.3 million options granted under the 1994 Stock
Option Plan were regranted at exercise prices equal to the fair market value on
the dates of the regrants. The regrants did not affect the vested status of the
shares.
Activity under the three option plans described above from adoption through
December 29, 1996 has been as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
-------------------------------------------
WEIGHTED
OPTIONS EXERCISE AVERAGE AGGREGATE
AVAILABLE STOCK PRICE EXERCISE EXERCISE
FOR GRANT OPTIONS PER SHARE PRICE PROCEEDS
---------- ---------- ------------- -------------- -------------
(IN
THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Shares reserved for issuance in
March 1995................... 3,000,000
Additional share
reservation............... 1,000,000
Options granted.............. (5,310,400) 5,310,400 $0.93 -- $4.00 $ 2.30 $12,193
Options canceled............. 2,308,953 (2,308,953) $0.93 -- $4.00 $ 3.42 (7,904)
---------- ----------
Balance at December 31, 1995... 998,553 3,001,447 $0.93 -- $1.88 $ 1.43 4,289
Additional share
reservation............... 8,567,067
Options granted.............. (4,278,750) 4,278,750 $0.88 -- $2.48 $ 1.38 5,910
Options assumed in CRE
Acquisition............... (2,644,845) 2,644,845 $0.12 -- $0.40 $ 0.28 733
Options exercised............ (301,907) $0.12 -- $1.88 $ 0.79 (239)
Options canceled............. 410,448 (461,287) $0.36 -- $1.88 $ 1.60 (740)
---------- ----------
Balance at December 29, 1996... 3,052,473 9,161,848 $0.12 -- $2.48 $ 1.09 $ 9,953
========== ==========
</TABLE>
31
<PAGE> 34
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
As of December 29, 1996, options for 7,767,017 shares were exercisable at
exercise prices ranging from $0.12 to $2.48 per share. Of the shares
exercisable, 4,259,169 are subject to Company buyback provisions (which allow
the Company to repurchase the shares at the option exercise price) as of
December 29, 1996. Options outstanding prior to December 31, 1994 were canceled
pursuant to the Plan of Reorganization under which the Company exited Chapter 11
Bankruptcy protection in 1994.
In addition to the above stock option activity, the Company has issued
stock warrants for a total of 100,000 shares during 1995 and 1996 at prices
ranging from $1.38 to $1.63. These warrants will expire by December 31, 1997 if
not previously exercised.
SFAS No. 123 Disclosure
Pursuant to SFAS No. 123, the Company recognized a charge to earnings of
$58,000 in 1996 (the first year for which SFAS No. 123 was effective) for
valuation of stock-based compensation granted to non-employees. In accordance
with provisions of SFAS No. 123, the Company continues to apply ABP Opinion 25
and related Interpretations in accounting for its employee stock option plans.
Accordingly, no compensation cost has been recognized related to employee stock
option plan activity.
SFAS No. 123 requires disclosure of calculated values for a fair value
method of accounting for stock-based compensation granted to employees if such
accounting under SFAS No. 123 is not implemented. The estimated fair values used
for such disclosure are calculated utilizing an option pricing model with a
number of assumptions relative to the Company's stock and stock options. Such
valuation calculations are not necessarily indicative of the value of the stock
options at the time of grant or any specific time in the future, but rather
represent a calculation called for under the provisions of SFAS No. 123. The
assumptions utilized in the Black-Scholes option pricing model are subject to a
good deal of subjectivity, especially for a stock with little relevant trading
history. Had the Company elected to recognize compensation cost, determined as
the fair value of the options at grant date, under the provisions of SFAS No.
123, the Company's net loss and loss per share would have been increased to the
pro forma amounts indicated below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995
-------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net loss (in thousands) As reported................. $(17,020) $(103,833)
======= =======
Pro forma................... $(20,439) $(106,142)
======= =======
Loss per share As reported................. $ (0.51) $ (5.19)
======= =======
Pro forma................... $ (0.61) $ (5.31)
======= =======
</TABLE>
For purposes of this disclosure, the fair value of each option granted to
employees is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing
model, with the following weighted average assumptions for both years:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Expected dividend yield................... 0%
Expected stock price volatility........... 92%
Risk-free interest rate utilized.......... 6%
Expected option life...................... 3.4 years
</TABLE>
The weighted average grant date fair value of options granted during 1996
and 1995 were estimated as $1.09 and $1.19, respectively, utilizing the above
assumptions and the estimation process called for under SFAS No. 123.
8. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN
The Company maintains the Aureal Semiconductor Tax Deferred Savings Plan
(the "401(k) Plan") to provide retirement benefits for eligible employees. Under
the terms of the 401(k) Plan, employees may elect
32
<PAGE> 35
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
to contribute up to 15% of their gross compensation limited to a statutory
maximum. The Company matches employee contributions at the rate of 50%. The
401(k) Plan was modified during 1995 whereby the Company contributions for
participants vest over five years based upon the number of years employed. The
matching contribution expense was $183,000, $107,000, and $283,000 in 1996, 1995
and 1994, respectively.
9. INCOME TAXES
The provision (benefit) for income taxes for the fiscal years 1996, 1995
and 1994 consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995 1994
------ ------ ------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Federal income taxes:
Current........................................ $ -- $ -- $ --
Deferred....................................... -- -- (716)
------ ------ ------
-- -- (716)
State income taxes:
Current........................................ -- -- (223)
Deferred....................................... -- -- --
------ ------ ------
-- -- (223)
------ ------ ------
$ -- $ -- $ (939)
====== ====== ======
</TABLE>
The provision (benefit) for income taxes reconciles to the amount calculated by
applying the federal statutory rate to income from continuing operations before
provision for income taxes as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995 1994
------- -------- --------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Federal tax (benefit) on loss from
continuing operations before extraordinary
item computed at statutory rate........... $(5,787) $(35,303) $(54,024)
State income taxes, net of federal
benefit................................... -- -- (147)
Increase in valuation allowance............. 2,396 22,539 54,618
Non-deductible reorganization and
acquisition related expenses.............. 2,894 13,288 --
Research credits and other.................. 497 (524) (1,386)
------- -------- --------
$ -- $ -- $ (939)
======= ======== ========
</TABLE>
Deferred tax assets are comprised of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995
------- --------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C>
Federal net operating loss carryforward................. $91,308 $ 86,051
Temporary differences................................... 1,089 4,200
Tax credit carryforwards................................ 2,222 1,972
------- --------
94,619 92,223
Valuation allowance..................................... (94,619) (92,223)
------- --------
$ -- $ --
======= ========
</TABLE>
Temporary differences represent differences in the recognition of assets
and liabilities for tax and financial reporting purposes, primarily receivable
and inventory allowances and obligations for restructuring and bankruptcy
proceedings attributable to the Company's former retail operations.
33
<PAGE> 36
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
There was no tax calculated in 1994 on the extraordinary gain on the
forgiveness of debt as such gain is specifically excluded under the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. However, as a consequence of the forgiveness
of debt exclusion, the net operating losses of the Company have been reduced. At
December 29, 1996, the Company had available net operating loss carryforwards
("NOL's") of approximately $269 million to reduce future taxable income. During
1996 and 1995, certain bankruptcy claims were settled through either the
issuance of stock or payment of cash. The finalization of such claims had the
effect of increasing the NOL originating in years prior to 1995 from $165
million estimated as of December 31, 1994 to approximately $175 million. The
NOL's expire on various dates through 2011. In connection with the adoption of
fresh start accounting, any tax benefit resulting from the use of these NOL's or
future tax deductible amounts will be applied to reduce the Reorganization Asset
and any further benefit will be reported as a direct addition to stockholders'
equity.
10. INDUSTRY SEGMENTS AND MAJOR CUSTOMERS
Pursuant to the Company's restructuring in mid-1995, revenues after that
time through 1996, consisted primarily of audio technology licensing fees
related to the Company's legacy technologies, as the Company focused on the
development of a number of new audio semiconductor products. During 1996, two
customers accounted for approximately $2.5 million ($2.0 million and $500,000,
respectively), or 72% of net sales, through license payments for these legacy
audio technologies. The Company discontinued operations in its foreign locations
during 1995, however, approximately 10% of the Company's 1996 revenues came from
sales to foreign customers.
Prior to the mid-1995 restructuring, the Company's sales consisted
primarily of PC upgrade kits sold into both the U.S. and international PC
retailer distribution channels. Sales in 1995 were split approximately 60%
domestic to 40% international with that segment being nearly equally split
between the European market and the combined Central and South American markets.
One customer accounted for approximately 21% of net sales in 1995.
In 1994, PC upgrade kit sales were split between the U.S. (73%) and the
European (27%) markets, with no single customer accounting for more than 10% of
net sales.
11. 1995 RESTRUCTURING CHARGE ATTRIBUTABLE TO RETAIL OPERATIONS
The Company recorded a $61.6 million restructuring charge in 1995 to
reflect the divestiture of its PC upgrade products retail operations. During the
fourth quarter of 1996, the Company recorded an adjustment of $804,000 to reduce
that charge based on its review of the remaining identified costs. The Company
believes that no further costs will be incurred in connection with the
restructuring.
The following table summarizes the significant provisions included in the
restructuring charge (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Writedown of Assets:
Reorganization Asset............................................. $30,485
Inventories...................................................... 16,712
Equipment and Other.............................................. 8,915
Severance and Other Retail Obligations............................. 5,514
-------
Total.................................................... $61,626
=======
</TABLE>
The Reorganization Asset originated pursuant to the Company's POR whereby
the fair value of the Company exceeded its net assets by $44.1 million as of
December 30, 1994. In light of second quarter 1995 results and the Company's
decision to divest its retail operations, it was determined that a significant
portion of the Reorganization Asset could no longer be assured of recovery and a
$30.5 million write-off was necessary.
34
<PAGE> 37
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
The write-off was calculated by comparing the carrying value of the
Reorganization Asset with discounted future cash flow projections over the
remaining life of the Reorganization Asset using the Company's incremental
borrowing rate. The cash flow projections anticipated the cost and probable
future savings from the restructuring actions, the expected benefit from
products and technologies then in the latter stages of development, and
availability of existing capital.
Severance and Other Retail Obligations included estimated future costs for
severance, adverse purchase commitments (net of related proceeds from scrap
sales) and contractual obligations for worldwide facilities.
12. 1994 RESTRUCTURING CHARGES INCURRED PRIOR TO CHAPTER 11 PROCEEDINGS
During 1994, the Company initiated a restructuring program to reduce
operating overhead, improve facility utilization, re-evaluate product marketing
strategy and determine the proper workforce requirements to support future
business levels. In the first quarter of that year, the Company recorded
restructuring charges and other non-recurring charges of $36 million. In light
of the Company's voluntary petition for relief under federal bankruptcy laws in
July 1994, certain of the restructuring plans were refined by the Company in
order to achieve the best means of permanent reductions in its cost structure.
Accordingly, during the fourth quarter of 1994, the Company reclassified as
bankruptcy expenses $21.9 million of non-recurring charges previously provided
as components of certain restructuring programs originally recorded in the first
quarter of 1994.
13. BANKRUPTCY CLAIMS AND EXPENSES INCURRED IN CONNECTION WITH CHAPTER 11
PROCEEDINGS
Bankruptcy claims and expenses incurred in connection with the Chapter 11
proceedings in 1994 were as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Allowed claims in excess of recorded liabilities at July 25,
1994............................................................. $63,834
Professional fees.................................................. 7,019
Interest income.................................................... (47)
-------
$70,806
=======
</TABLE>
The professional fees included the preparation and distribution of the POR
as well as estimated future obligations associated with administering the
outstanding bankruptcy claims, registration of TCW stock pursuant to its
registration rights agreement, and amounts attributable to ongoing cooperation
with governmental authorities and the plaintiffs in securities class action
suits. Interest income consists of estimated interest earned on amounts
accumulated during the Chapter 11 proceedings due to the nonpayment of pre-
petition liabilities subject to compromise.
14. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
In the second quarter of 1994, the Company initiated the sale of its
software title publishing division. The software titles produced by the division
were generally education and entertainment software products for use on CD-ROM
equipped personal computers. The Company entered into an agreement to sell a
substantial portion of the assets of its software title publishing division
(such assets consisted primarily of capitalized development costs). The Company
recorded a loss on disposal from discontinued operations totaling $4.9 million.
There was no tax calculated on the discontinued operations of the software title
publishing division given its cumulative operating losses since inception.
Operating costs and expenses totaled $2.2 million during the phase-out period
and exceeded management's original estimates primarily due to the volume of
returned products. The Company used the proceeds from the sale of the assets of
its software titles publishing division totaling $2.4 million to reduce the
balance outstanding under the TCW Facility. Net sales from the software titles
publishing division of $3.9 million were reclassified to income (loss) from
operations of discontinued division for 1994.
35
<PAGE> 38
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
The Company reported no changes in independent accountants, nor
disagreements with accountants on accounting and financial disclosure issues
during 1996.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
For information required under this item with respect to directors of the
Company, see "Information Concerning the Board of Directors" and "Compliance
with Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934" in the Company's
definitive Proxy Statement relating to the Annual Meeting of Stockholders
expected to be held on May 21, 1997 which sections are hereby incorporated by
reference.
For information required under this item with respect to executive officers
of the Company see "Management" under Item 1.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
For information required under this item with respect to executive
compensation, see "Executive Compensation" in the Company's definitive Proxy
Statement relating to the Annual Meeting of Stockholders expected to be held on
May 21, 1997, which sections are hereby incorporated by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
For information required under this item with respect to beneficial
ownership of the Company's voting securities by each director and all executive
officers and directors as a group, and by any person known to beneficially own
more than 5% of any class of voting security of the Company, see "Security
Ownership by Certain Beneficial Owners and Management" in the Company's
definitive Proxy Statement relating to the Annual Meeting of Stockholders
expected to be held on May 21, 1997, which sections are hereby incorporated by
reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
For information required under this item with respect to certain
relationships and related transactions, see "Board Compensation and "Certain
Relationships and Related Transactions" in the Company's definitive Proxy
Statement relating to the Annual Meeting of Stockholders expected to be held on
May 21, 1997, which sections are hereby incorporated by reference.
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a)(1) FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:
The following financial statements of Aureal Semiconductor Inc. and related
notes, together with the report thereon of Arthur Andersen LLP, the Company's
independent public accountants, are set forth herein as indicated below.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
----
<S> <C>
Report of Independent Public Accountants.............................. 19
Audited Consolidated Financial Statements:
Consolidated Balance Sheets......................................... 20
Consolidated Statements of Operations............................... 21
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows............................... 22
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)............ 23
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements............................ 24
</TABLE>
36
<PAGE> 39
(a)(2) FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES:
Included in Part IV of this Annual Report is the following schedule:
Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Schedules not listed above have been omitted because the information
required to be set forth therein is not applicable or is shown in the Financial
Statements or notes thereto.
(a)(3) EXHIBITS:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NO. DESCRIPTION OF DOCUMENT
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
2.1 Agreement and Plan of Reorganization among the Company, Aureal
Acquisition Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and
Crystal River Engineering, Inc., dated as of May 7, 1996(1)
2.2 Second Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization dated November 10, 1994(4)
3.1 Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company
dated May 8, 1996(2)
3.2 Restated Bylaws of Aureal Semiconductor Inc.(6)
4.1 Common Stock Purchase Agreement by and among the Company and certain
beneficial owners of 5% or more of the Company's Common Stock, as
amended(3)
4.2 Common Stock Purchase Agreement by and among the Company and certain
entities and individuals dated June 10, 1996(5)
10.1 Amended and Restated Loan Agreement dated as of December 30, 1994 with
TCW Special Credits, and the First Amendment thereto dated March 22,
1995(4)
10.2 Second Amendment to Amended Restated Loan Agreement dated as of July 24,
1995(3)
10.3 Third Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan Agreement dated as of
February 16, 1996(3)
10.4 Letter Agreement between TCW Special Credits and the Company dated June
5, 1996 reducing loan commitment from $22 million to $20 million(6)
10.5 1995 Stock Option Plan(3)
10.6 Form of incentive option agreement and non-statutory stock option
agreement used under 1995 Stock Option Plan(3)
10.7 1994 Stock Option Plan(4)
10.8 Form of incentive option agreement and non-statutory stock option
agreement used under 1994 Stock Option Plan(4)
10.10 Industrial Space Sublease with Chemical Waste Management, Inc. dated
September 13, 1995(3)
10.11 Offer Letter Agreement with Kenneth A. Kokinakis dated December 8,
1995(3)
10.12 Form of Indemnity Agreement for Directors and Officers(6)
10.13 1996 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan
11.1 Computation of Earnings (Loss) Per Share
23.1 Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP
27.1 Financial Data Schedule (Edgar Only)
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) Incorporated by reference to the exhibits filed with Form 8-K dated May 22,
1996
(2) Incorporated by reference to the exhibits filed with Form S-8 (Registration
number 333-09531) filed August 2, 1996
(3) Incorporated by reference to the exhibits filed with Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 1995
(4) Incorporated by reference to the exhibits filed with Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 1994
(5) Incorporated by reference to the exhibits filed with Form S-3 (Registration
number 333-3870) filed June 26, 1996
(6) Incorporated by reference to the exhibits filed with Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended September 29, 1996
(b) REPORTS ON FORM 8-K:
The Company filed no reports on Form 8-K during the fourth quarter ended
December 29, 1996.
37
<PAGE> 40
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
SCHEDULE II -- VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ADDITIONS
BALANCE AT CHARGED TO BALANCE AT
BEGINNING COSTS AND END OF
OF PERIOD EXPENSES DEDUCTIONS OTHER(1) PERIOD
---------- ---------- -------- -------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Year ended December 31, 1994:
Accounts receivable allowances............. $ 82,962 $ 104,544 $177,021 $(10,485) $ --
Allowances for excess and obsolete
inventory............................... 56,872 10,647 62,847 (4,672) --
Year ended December 31, 1995:
Accounts receivable allowances............. -- 12,840 10,255 -- 2,585
Allowances for excess and obsolete
inventory............................... -- 20,062 16,266 -- 3,796
Year ended December 29, 1996:
Accounts receivable allowances............. 2,585 -- 2,562 -- 23
Allowances for excess and obsolete
inventory............................... 3,796 -- 3,796 -- --
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) Reflects the effect of AICPA Statement of Position 90-7, "Financial
Reporting by Entities in Reorganization under the Bankruptcy Code".
38
<PAGE> 41
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, Aureal Semiconductor Inc. has duly caused this Report on
Form 10-K to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized, on March 24, 1997.
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
/s/ KENNETH A. KOKINAKIS
--------------------------------------
Kenneth A. Kokinakis, President and
Chief Executive Officer
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature
appears below constitutes and appoints Kenneth A. Kokinakis and David J.
Domeier, jointly and severally, his attorneys-in-fact, each with the power of
substitution, for him in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this
Annual Report on Form 10-K and to file the same, the exhibits thereto and other
documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission,
hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys-in-fact, or his
substitute or substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934,
this Annual Report on Form 10-K has been signed below by the following persons
on behalf of the Company and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SIGNATURE TITLE DATE
- ----------------------------------------------- ----------------------------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C>
/s/ KENNETH A. KOKINAKIS President, Chief Executive March 24, 1997
- ----------------------------------------------- Officer and Director
Kenneth A. Kokinakis
/s/ DAVID J. DOMEIER Vice President, Finance and March 24 1997
- ----------------------------------------------- Chief Financial Officer
David J. Domeier (Principle Accounting
Officer)
/s/ RICHARD E. CHRISTOPHER Director March 24, 1997
- -----------------------------------------------
Richard E. Christopher
/s/ L. WILLIAM KRAUSE Director March 24, 1997
- -----------------------------------------------
L. William Krause
/s/ D. RICHARD MASSON Director March 24, 1997
- -----------------------------------------------
D. Richard Masson
/s/ THOMAS K. SMITH, JR. Director March 24, 1997
- -----------------------------------------------
Thomas K. Smith, Jr.
</TABLE>
39
<PAGE> 42
EXHIBIT INDEX
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NO. DESCRIPTION OF DOCUMENT PAGE(S)
---------- -------------------------------------------------------------------- -------
<S> <C> <C>
2.1 Agreement and Plan of Reorganization among the Company, Aureal
Acquisition Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company
and Crystal River Engineering, Inc., dated as of May 7, 1996(1).....
2.2 Second Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization dated November 10,
1994(4).............................................................
3.1 Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the
Company dated May 8, 1996(2)........................................
3.2 Restated Bylaws of Aureal Semiconductor Inc.(6).....................
4.1 Common Stock Purchase Agreement by and among the Company and certain
beneficial owners of 5% or more of the Company's Common Stock, as
amended(3)..........................................................
4.2 Common Stock Purchase Agreement by and among the Company and certain
entities and individuals dated June 10, 1996(5).....................
10.1 Amended and Restated Loan Agreement dated as of December 30, 1994
with TCW Special Credits, and the First Amendment thereto dated
March 22, 1995(4)...................................................
10.2 Second Amendment to Amended Restated Loan Agreement dated as of July
24, 1995(3).........................................................
10.3 Third Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan Agreement dated as of
February 16, 1996(3)................................................
10.4 Letter Agreement between TCW Special Credits and the Company dated
June 5, 1996 reducing loan commitment from $22 million to $20
million(6)..........................................................
10.5 1995 Stock Option Plan(3)...........................................
10.6 Form of incentive option agreement and non-statutory stock option
agreement used under 1995 Stock Option Plan(3)......................
10.7 1994 Stock Option Plan(4)...........................................
10.8 Form of incentive option agreement and non-statutory stock option
agreement used under 1994 Stock Option Plan(4)......................
10.10 Industrial Space Sublease with Chemical Waste Management, Inc. dated
September 13, 1995(3)...............................................
10.11 Offer Letter Agreement with Kenneth A. Kokinakis dated December 8,
1995(3).............................................................
10.12 Form of Indemnity Agreement for Directors and Officers(6)...........
10.13 1996 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan............................
11.1 Computation of Earnings (Loss) Per Share............................
23.1 Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP......................................
27.1 Financial Data Schedule (Edgar Only)................................
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) Incorporated by reference to the exhibits filed with Form 8-K dated May 22,
1996
(2) Incorporated by reference to the exhibits filed with Form S-8 (Registration
number 333-09531) filed August 2, 1996
(3) Incorporated by reference to the exhibits filed with Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 1995
(4) Incorporated by reference to the exhibits filed with Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 1994
(5) Incorporated by reference to the exhibits filed with Form S-3 (Registration
number 333-3870) filed June 26, 1996
(6) Incorporated by reference to the exhibits filed with Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended September 29, 1996
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 10.13
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
1996 OUTSIDE DIRECTORS STOCK OPTION PLAN
1. ESTABLISHMENT, PURPOSE AND TERM OF PLAN.
_1.1 ESTABLISHMENT. The Aureal Semiconductor Inc.
1996 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan (the "PLAN") is hereby established
effective as November 13, 1996 (the "EFFECTIVE DATE").
_1.2 PURPOSE. The purpose of the Plan is to
advance the interests of the Participating Company Group and its stockholders
by providing an incentive to attract and retain highly qualified persons to
serve as Outside Directors of the Company and by creating additional incentive
for Outside Directors to promote the growth and profitability of the
Participating Company Group.
_1.3 TERM OF PLAN. The Plan shall continue in
effect until the earlier of its termination by the Board or the date on which
all of the shares of Stock available for issuance under the Plan have been
issued and all restrictions on such shares under the terms of the Plan and the
agreements evidencing Options granted under the Plan have lapsed.
2. DEFINITIONS AND CONSTRUCTION.
_2.1 DEFINITIONS. Whenever used herein, the
following terms shall have their respective meanings set forth below:
(a) "ANNIVERSARY DATE" means, for an
Outside Director who was first elected to the Board prior to or on the
Effective Date, November 13, 1997 and successive anniversaries thereof. The
Anniversary Date for an Outside Director who is first elected to the Board
after the Effective Date shall be the date which is twelve (12) months after
the date of such initial election or appointment and successive anniversaries
thereof.
(b) "BOARD" means the Board of Directors
of the Company. If one or more Committees have been appointed by the Board to
administer the Plan, "Board" also means such Committee(s).
(c) "CODE" means the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended, and any applicable regulations promulgated
thereunder.
1
<PAGE> 2
(d) "COMMITTEE" means a committee of the
Board duly appointed to administer the Plan and having such powers as shall be
specified by the Board. Unless the powers of the Committee have been
specifically limited, the Committee shall have all of the powers of the Board
granted herein, including, without limitation, the power to amend or terminate
the Plan at any time, subject to the terms of the Plan and any applicable
limitations imposed by law.
(e) "COMPANY" means Aureal Semiconductor
Inc., a Delaware corporation, or any successor corporation thereto.
(f) "CONSULTANT" means any person,
including an advisor, engaged by a Participating Company to render services
other than as an Employee or a Director.
(g) "DIRECTOR" means a member of the
Board or the board of directors of any other Participating Company.
(h) "EMPLOYEE" means any person treated
as an employee (including an officer or a Director who is also treated as an
employee) in the records of a Participating Company; provided, however, that
neither service as a Director nor payment of a director's fee shall be
sufficient to constitute employment for purposes of the Plan.
(i) "EXCHANGE ACT" means the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
(j) "FAIR MARKET VALUE" means, as of any
date, if there is then a public market for the Stock, the closing price of the
Stock (or the mean of the closing bid and asked prices of the Stock if the
Stock is so reported instead) as reported on the National Association of
Securities Dealers Automated Quotation ("NASDAQ") System, the NASDAQ National
Market System or such other national or regional securities exchange or market
system constituting the primary market for the Stock. If the relevant date
does not fall on a day on which the Stock is trading on NASDAQ, the NASDAQ
National Market System or other national or regional securities exchange or
market system, the date on which the Fair Market Value shall be established
shall be the last day on which the Stock was so traded prior to the relevant
date. If there is then no public market for the Stock, the Fair Market Value
on any relevant date shall be as determined by the Board without regard to any
restriction other than a restriction which, by its terms, will never lapse.
(k) "OPTION" means a right to purchase
Stock (subject to adjustment as provided in Section 4.2) pursuant to the terms
and conditions of the Plan.
2
<PAGE> 3
(l) "OPTIONEE" means a person who has
been granted one or more Options.
(m) "OPTION AGREEMENT" means a written
agreement between the Company and an Optionee setting forth the terms,
conditions and restrictions of the Option granted to the Optionee.
(n) "OUTSIDE DIRECTOR" means a Director of
the Company who is not an Employee.
(o) "PARENT CORPORATION" means any
present or future "parent corporation" of the Company, as defined in Section
424(e) of the Code.
(p) "PARTICIPATING COMPANY" means the
Company or any Parent Corporation or Subsidiary Corporation.
(q) "PARTICIPATING COMPANY GROUP" means,
at any point in time, all corporations collectively which are then
Participating Companies.
(r) "RULE 16B-3" means Rule 16b-3 as
promulgated under the Exchange Act, as amended from time to time, or any
successor rule or regulation.
(s) "SERVICE" means the Optionee's
service with the Participating Company Group, whether in the capacity of an
Employee, a Director or a Consultant. The Optionee's Service shall not be
deemed to have terminated merely because of a change in the capacity in which
the Optionee renders Service to the Participating Company Group or a change in
the Participating Company for which the Optionee renders such Service, provided
that there is no interruption or termination of the Optionee's Service. The
Optionee's Service shall be deemed to have terminated either upon an actual
termination of Service or upon the corporation for which the Optionee performs
Service ceasing to be a Participating Company.
(t) "STOCK" means the common stock of
the Company, as adjusted from time to time in accordance with Section 4.2.
(u) "SUBSIDIARY CORPORATION" means any
present or future "subsidiary corporation" of the Company, as defined in
Section 424(f) of the Code.
_2.2 CONSTRUCTION. Captions and titles contained
herein are for convenience only and shall not affect the meaning or
interpretation of any provision of the Plan. Except when otherwise indicated
by the context, the singular shall include the
3
<PAGE> 4
plural, the plural shall include the singular, and use of the term "or" shall
include the conjunctive as well as the disjunctive.
3. ADMINISTRATION.
_3.1 ADMINISTRATION BY THE BOARD. The Plan shall
be administered by the Board, including any duly appointed Committee of the
Board. All questions of interpretation of the Plan or of any Option shall be
determined by the Board, and such determinations shall be final and binding
upon all persons having an interest in the Plan or such Option. Any officer of
a Participating Company shall have the authority to act on behalf of the
Company with respect to any matter, right, obligation, determination or
election which is the responsibility of or which is allocated to the Company
herein, provided the officer has apparent authority with respect to such
matter, right, obligation, determination or election.
_3.2 LIMITATIONS ON AUTHORITY OF THE BOARD.
Notwithstanding any other provision herein to the contrary, the Board shall
have no authority, discretion, or power to select the Outside Directors who
will receive Options, to set the exercise price of the Options, to determine
the number of shares of Stock to be subject to an Option or the time at which
an Option shall be granted, to establish the duration of an Option, or to alter
any other terms or conditions specified in the Plan, except in the sense of
administering the Plan subject to the provisions of the Plan.
4. SHARES SUBJECT TO PLAN.
_4.1 MAXIMUM NUMBER OF SHARES ISSUABLE. Subject
to adjustment as provided in Section 4.2, the maximum aggregate number of
shares of Stock that may be issued under the Plan shall be two hundred thousand
(200,000) and shall consist of authorized but unissued shares or reacquired
shares of Stock or any combination thereof. If an outstanding Option for any
reason expires or is terminated or canceled or shares of Stock acquired,
subject to repurchase, upon the exercise of an Option are repurchased by the
Company, the shares of Stock allocable to the unexercised portion of such
Option, or such repurchased shares of Stock, shall again be available for
issuance under the Plan.
_4.2 ADJUSTMENTS FOR CHANGES IN CAPITAL STRUCTURE.
In the event of any stock dividend, stock split, reverse stock split,
recapitalization, combination, reclassification or similar change in the
capital structure of the Company, appropriate adjustments shall be made in the
number and class of shares subject to the Plan, to the "Initial Option" and
"Annual Option" (as defined in Section 6.1), and to any outstanding Options,
and in the exercise price of any outstanding Options. If a majority of the
shares which are of the same class as the shares that are subject to
outstanding Options are exchanged for, converted into, or otherwise become
(whether or not pursuant to an
4
<PAGE> 5
"Ownership Change Event" as defined in Section 8.1) shares of another
corporation (the "NEW SHARES"), the Board may unilaterally amend the
outstanding Options to provide that such Options are exercisable for New
Shares. In the event of any such amendment, the number of shares subject to,
and the exercise price of, the outstanding Options shall be adjusted in a fair
and equitable manner as determined by the Board, in its sole discretion.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, any fractional share resulting from an
adjustment pursuant to this Section 4.2 shall be rounded down to the nearest
whole number, and in no event may the exercise price of any Option be decreased
to an amount less than the par value, if any, of the stock subject to the
Option.
5. ELIGIBILITY AND TYPE OF OPTIONS.
_5.1 PERSONS ELIGIBLE FOR OPTIONS. An Option
shall be granted only to a person who, at the time of grant, is an Outside
Director.
_5.2 OPTIONS AUTHORIZED. Options shall be
nonstatutory stock options; that is, options which are not treated as incentive
stock options within the meaning of Section 422(b) of the Code.
6. TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF OPTIONS. Options shall be
evidenced by Option Agreements specifying the number of shares of Stock covered
thereby, in such form as the Board shall from time to time establish. Option
Agreements may incorporate all or any of the terms of the Plan by reference and
shall comply with and be subject to the following terms and conditions:
_6.1 AUTOMATIC GRANT OF OPTIONS. Subject to
execution by an Outside Director of the appropriate Option Agreement, Options
shall be granted automatically and without further action of the Board, as
follows:
(a) INITIAL OPTION. Each person who
first becomes an Outside Director on or after the Effective Date shall be
granted an Option to purchase thirty thousand (30,000) shares of Stock on the
date he or she first becomes an Outside Director (an "INITIAL OPTION").
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, an Initial Option shall not be
granted to a Director of the Company who previously did not qualify as an
Outside Director but subsequently becomes an Outside Director as a result of
the termination of his or her status as an Employee.
(b) ANNUAL OPTION. Each Outside
Director (including any Director of the Company who previously did not qualify
as an Outside Director but who subsequently becomes an Outside Director) shall
be granted an Option to purchase five thousand (5,000) shares of Stock on each
of his or her Anniversary Date(s), provided such person remains an Outside
Director on such Anniversary Date (an "ANNUAL OPTION").
5
<PAGE> 6
(c) RIGHT TO DECLINE OPTION.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, any person may elect not to receive an Option by
delivering written notice of such election to the Board no later than the day
prior to the date such Option would otherwise be granted. A person so
declining an Option shall receive no payment or other consideration in lieu of
such declined Option. A person who has declined an Option may revoke such
election by delivering written notice of such revocation to the Board no later
than the day prior to the date such Option would be granted pursuant to Section
6.1(a) or (b), as the case may be.
_6.2 DISCRETION TO VARY OPTION SIZE.
Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary, the Board may, in
its sole discretion, increase or decrease the number of shares of Stock that
would otherwise be subject to one or more Initial Options or Annual Options to
be granted pursuant to Section 6.1 if, at the time of such exercise of
discretion, the exercise of such discretion would not otherwise preclude any
transaction in an equity security of the Company by an officer or Director of a
Participating Company from being exempt from Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act
pursuant to Rule 16b-3.
_6.3 EXERCISE PRICE. The exercise price per share
of Stock subject to an Option shall be the Fair Market Value of a share of
Stock on the date the Option is granted.
_6.4 EXERCISE PERIOD. Each Option shall terminate
and cease to be exercisable on the date ten (10) years after the date of grant
of the Option unless earlier terminated pursuant to the terms of the Plan or
the Option Agreement.
_6.5 RIGHT TO EXERCISE OPTIONS. Except as
otherwise provided in the Plan or in the Option Agreement, an Option shall (a)
first become exercisable on the date which is one (1) year after the date on
which the Option was granted (the "INITIAL VESTING DATE"); and (ii) be
exercisable on and after the Initial Vesting Date and prior to the termination
thereof in an amount equal to the number of shares of Stock subject to the
Option multiplied by the Vested Ratio as set forth below, less the number of
shares previously acquired upon exercise thereof. The Vested Ratio described
in the preceding sentence shall be determined as follows:
6
<PAGE> 7
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Vested Ratio
------------
<S> <C>
Prior to Initial Vesting Date 0
On Initial Vesting Date, 1/4
provided the Optionee's Service
is continuous from the date of
Option grant until the
Initial Vesting Date
Plus
----
For each full month of 1/48
of the Optionee's continuous
Service from the Initial Vesting
Date until the Vested
Ratio equals 1/1, an additional
</TABLE>
_6.6 PAYMENT OF EXERCISE PRICE.
(a) FORMS OF CONSIDERATION AUTHORIZED.
Except as otherwise provided below, payment of the exercise price for the
number of shares of Stock being purchased pursuant to any Option shall be made
(i) in cash, by check, or cash equivalent, (ii) by tender to the Company of
shares of Stock owned by the Optionee having a Fair Market Value not less than
the exercise price, (iii) by the assignment of the proceeds of a sale or loan
with respect to some or all of the shares being acquired upon the exercise of
the Option (including, without limitation, through an exercise complying with
the provisions of Regulation T as promulgated from time to time by the Board of
Governors of the Federal Reserve System) (a "CASHLESS EXERCISE"), or (iv) by
any combination thereof.
(b) TENDER OF STOCK. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, an Option may not be exercised by tender to the Company of
shares of Stock to the extent such tender of Stock would constitute a violation
of the provisions of any law, regulation or agreement restricting the
redemption of the Company's stock. Unless otherwise provided by the Board, an
Option may not be exercised by tender to the Company of shares of Stock unless
such shares either have been owned by the Optionee for more than six (6) months
or were not acquired, directly or indirectly, from the Company.
(c) CASHLESS EXERCISE. The Company
reserves, at any and all times, the right, in the Company's sole and absolute
discretion, to establish, decline to approve or terminate any program or
procedures for the exercise of Options by means of a Cashless Exercise.
7
<PAGE> 8
_6.7 TAX WITHHOLDING. The Company shall have the
right, but not the obligation, to deduct from the shares of Stock issuable upon
the exercise of an Option, or to accept from the Optionee the tender of, a
number of whole shares of Stock having a Fair Market Value equal to all or any
part of the federal, state, local and foreign taxes, if any, required by law to
be withheld by the Participating Company Group with respect to such Option or
the shares acquired upon exercise thereof. Alternatively or in addition, in its
sole discretion, the Company shall have the right to require the Optionee to
make adequate provision for any such tax withholding obligations of the
Participating Company Group arising in connection with the Option or the shares
acquired upon exercise thereof. The Company shall have no obligation to deliver
shares of Stock until the Participating Company Group's tax withholding
obligations have been satisfied.
7. STANDARD FORM OF OPTION AGREEMENT.
_7.1 INITIAL OPTION. Unless otherwise provided
for by the Board at the time an Initial Option is granted, each Initial Option
shall comply with and be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the
form of Nonstatutory Stock Option Agreement for Outside Directors (Initial
Option) adopted by the Board concurrently with its adoption of the Plan and as
amended from time to time.
_7.2 ANNUAL OPTION. Unless otherwise provided for
by the Board at the time an Annual Option is granted, each Annual Option shall
comply with and be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the form of
Nonstatutory Stock Option Agreement for Outside Directors (Annual Option)
adopted by the Board concurrently with its adoption of the Plan and as amended
from time to time.
_7.3 AUTHORITY TO VARY TERMS. Subject to the
limitations set forth in Section 3.2, the Board shall have the authority from
time to time to vary the terms of any of the standard forms of Option Agreement
described in this Section 7 either in connection with the grant or amendment of
an individual Option or in connection with the authorization of a new standard
form or forms; provided, however, that the terms and conditions of any such
new, revised or amended standard form or forms of Option Agreement are not
inconsistent with the terms of the Plan. Such authority shall include, but not
by way of limitation, the authority to grant Options which are immediately
exercisable subject to the Company's right to repurchase any unvested shares of
Stock acquired by the Optionee upon the exercise of an Option in the event such
Optionee's Service is terminated for any reason.
8
<PAGE> 9
8. TRANSFER OF CONTROL.
_8.1 DEFINITIONS.
(a) An "OWNERSHIP CHANGE EVENT" shall be
deemed to have occurred if any of the following occurs with respect to the
Company:
(i) the direct or indirect sale
or exchange in a single or series of related transactions by the stockholders
of the Company of more than fifty percent (50%) of the voting stock of the
Company;
(ii) a merger or consolidation in
which the Company is a party;
(iii) the sale, exchange, or transfer
of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company; or
(iv) a liquidation or dissolution
of the Company.
(b) A "TRANSFER OF CONTROL" shall mean
an Ownership Change Event or a series of related Ownership Change Events
(collectively, the "TRANSACTION") wherein the stockholders of the Company
immediately before the Transaction do not retain immediately after the
Transaction, in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of shares
of the Company's voting stock immediately before the Transaction, direct or
indirect beneficial ownership of more than fifty percent (50%) of the total
combined voting power of the outstanding voting stock of the Company or the
corporation or corporations to which the assets of the Company were transferred
(the "TRANSFEREE CORPORATION(S)"), as the case may be. For purposes of the
preceding sentence, indirect beneficial ownership shall include, without
limitation, an interest resulting from ownership of the voting stock of one or
more corporations which, as a result of the Transaction, own the Company or the
Transferee Corporation(s), as the case may be, either directly or through one
or more subsidiary corporations. The Board shall have the right to determine
whether multiple sales or exchanges of the voting stock of the Company or
multiple Ownership Change Events are related, and its determination shall be
final, binding and conclusive.
_8.2 EFFECT OF TRANSFER OF CONTROL ON OPTIONS. In
the event of a Transfer of Control, any unexercisable or unvested portion of
the outstanding Options shall be immediately exercisable and vested in full as
of the date ten (10) days prior to the date of the Transfer of Control. The
exercise or vesting of any Option that was permissible solely by reason of this
Section 8.2 shall be conditioned upon the consummation of the Transfer of
Control. In addition, the surviving, continuing, successor, or purchasing
corporation or parent corporation thereof, as the case may be (the "ACQUIRING
9
<PAGE> 10
CORPORATION"), may either assume the Company's rights and obligations under
outstanding Options or substitute for outstanding Options substantially
equivalent options for the Acquiring Corporation's stock. Any Options which
are neither assumed or substituted for by the Acquiring Corporation in
connection with the Transfer of Control nor exercised as of the date of the
Transfer of Control shall terminate and cease to be outstanding effective as of
the date of the Transfer of Control. Notwithstanding the foregoing, shares
acquired upon exercise of an Option prior to the Transfer of Control and any
consideration received pursuant to the Transfer of Control with respect to such
shares shall continue to be subject to all applicable provisions of the Option
Agreement evidencing such Option except as otherwise provided in such Option
Agreement. Furthermore, notwithstanding the foregoing, if the corporation the
stock of which is subject to the outstanding Options immediately prior to an
Ownership Change Event described in Section 8.1(a)(i) constituting a Transfer
of Control is the surviving or continuing corporation and immediately after
such Ownership Change Event less than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined
voting power of its voting stock is held by another corporation or by other
corporations that are members of an affiliated group within the meaning of
Section 1504(a) of the Code without regard to the provisions of Section 1504(b)
of the Code, the outstanding Options shall not terminate.
9. NONTRANSFERABILITY OF OPTIONS. During the lifetime
of the Optionee, an Option shall be exercisable only by the Optionee or the
Optionee's guardian or legal representative. No Option shall be assignable or
transferable by the Optionee, except by will or by the laws of descent and
distribution.
10. INDEMNIFICATION. In addition to such other rights of
indemnification as they may have as members of the Board or officers or
employees of the Participating Company Group, members of the Board and any
officers or employees of the Participating Company Group to whom authority to
act for the Board is delegated shall be indemnified by the Company against all
reasonable expenses, including attorneys' fees, actually and necessarily
incurred in connection with the defense of any action, suit or proceeding, or
in connection with any appeal therein, to which they or any of them may be a
party by reason of any action taken or failure to act under or in connection
with the Plan, or any right granted hereunder, and against all amounts paid by
them in settlement thereof (provided such settlement is approved by independent
legal counsel selected by the Company) or paid by them in satisfaction of a
judgment in any such action, suit or proceeding, except in relation to matters
as to which it shall be adjudged in such action, suit or proceeding that such
person is liable for gross negligence, bad faith or intentional misconduct in
duties; provided, however, that within sixty (60) days after the institution of
such action, suit or proceeding, such person shall offer to the Company, in
writing, the opportunity at its own expense to handle and defend the same.
10
<PAGE> 11
11. TERMINATION OR AMENDMENT OF PLAN. The Board may
terminate or amend the Plan at any time. However, subject to changes in
applicable law, regulations or rules that would permit otherwise, without the
approval of the Company's stockholders, there shall be (a) no increase in the
total number of shares of Stock that may be issued under the Plan (except by
operation of the provisions of Section 4.2), and (b) no other amendment of the
Plan that would require approval of the Company's stockholders under any
applicable law, regulation or rule. In any event, no termination or amendment
of the Plan may adversely affect any then outstanding Option, or any
unexercised portion thereof, without the consent of the Optionee, unless such
termination or amendment is necessary to comply with any applicable law,
regulation or rule.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned Secretary of the Company certifies
that the foregoing Aureal Semiconductor Inc. 1996 Outside Directors Stock
Option Plan was duly adopted by the Board on November 13, 1996.
Secretary
11
<PAGE> 12
PLAN HISTORY
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
November 13, 1996 Board adopts Plan, with an initial reserve of 200,000 shares.
__________, 1996 Stockholders approve Plan, with an initial reserve of 200,000 shares.
</TABLE>
12
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 11.1
AUREAL SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
COMPUTATION OF EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FISCAL YEAR
------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
-------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Weighted average common shares outstanding for the year
and shares used in primary earnings per share
calculation............................................ 33,344 20,000 13,859
-------- --------- ---------
Earnings (loss) used in per share calculations from:
Continuing operations.................................. $(17,020) $(103,833) $(157,956)
Discontinued operations................................ -- -- (8,501)
Extraordinary item..................................... -- -- 131,329
-------- --------- ---------
$(17,020) $(103,833) $ (35,128)
======== ========= =========
Earnings (loss) per share and equivalent shares from:
Continuing operations.................................. $ (0.51) $ (5.19) $ 11.40)
Discontinued operations................................ -- -- (0.61)
Extraordinary item..................................... -- -- 9.48
-------- --------- ---------
$ (0.51) $ (5.19) $ (2.53)
======== ========= =========
</TABLE>
- ---------------
NOTE: Primary earnings (loss) per share is based upon weighted average common
and common equivalent shares outstanding during the period. Equivalent shares
are calculated using the treasury stock method and consist of outstanding stock
options that have a dilutive effect on earnings per share. No stock option
information was incorporated into the calculations for any fiscal year presented
as, due to the net losses, any affect would be anti-dilutive.
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
As independent public accountants, we hereby consent to the incorporation
of our report included in this Form 10-K into the Company's previously filed
Registration Statements, File Nos. 33-90798, 333-4788, and 333-09531 (all filed
on Form S-8) and 333-3870 (filed on Form S-3).
ARTHUR ANDERSEN LLP
San Jose, California
March 24, 1997
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<ARTICLE> 5
<LEGEND>
THIS SCHEDULE CONTAINS SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION EXTRACTED FROM THE
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 29, 1996
AND IS QUALIFIED IN ITS ENTIRETY BY REFERENCE TO SUCH FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
</LEGEND>
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> YEAR
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-29-1996
<PERIOD-START> JAN-01-1996
<PERIOD-END> DEC-29-1996
<CASH> 18
<SECURITIES> 0
<RECEIVABLES> 63
<ALLOWANCES> 23
<INVENTORY> 74
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 558
<PP&E> 3,510
<DEPRECIATION> 2,518
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 4,145
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 4,058
<BONDS> 0
0
0
<COMMON> 39
<OTHER-SE> (15,800)
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 4,145
<SALES> 3,485
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 3,485
<CGS> 304
<TOTAL-COSTS> 304
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 18,681
<LOSS-PROVISION> 0
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 2,239
<INCOME-PRETAX> (17,020)
<INCOME-TAX> 0
<INCOME-CONTINUING> (17,020)
<DISCONTINUED> 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> (17,020)
<EPS-PRIMARY> (0.51)
<EPS-DILUTED> (0.51)
</TABLE>
