<PAGE>
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
----------------------
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): February 28, 1997
Dean Witter, Discover & Co.
---------------------------
(Exact name of Registrant as specified
in its charter)
Delaware 1-11758 36-3145972
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
(state or other (Commission (I.R.S. Employer
jurisdiction of File Number) Identification No.)
incorporation)
Two World Trade Center, New York, New York 10048
------------------------------------------------
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (212) 392-2222
--------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Former address, if changed since last report.)
<PAGE>
Item 5. OTHER EVENTS
As previously disclosed in Dean Witter, Discover & Co.'s ("DWD") current report
on Form 8-K dated February 4, 1997, DWD and Morgan Stanley Group Inc. ("Morgan
Stanley") announced a definitive agreement to merge ("the Merger"). This
transaction is intended to be accounted for as a pooling of interests and the
new company will be named Morgan Stanley, Dean Witter, Discover & Co. Under the
terms of the definitive agreement each of Morgan Stanley's common shares will be
exchanged for 1.65 of DWD's common shares. The Merger, which is expected to be
completed in mid-1997, is subject to customary closing conditions, including
certain regulatory approvals and the approval of the stockholders of both
companies.
Certain financial information for Morgan Stanley and unaudited pro forma
combined financial information for the combined entity giving effect to the
merger is set forth under Item 7(c) below as Exhibits 99.1, and 99.2.
respectively.
Attached and incorporated herein by reference as Exhibit 23.1 is a copy of the
consent of Ernst & Young LLP.
Item 7(c). FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND
EXHIBITS.
Exhibit No. Description
- ------------- -----------
23.1 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP
99.1 The audited consolidated statement of financial condition of
Morgan Stanley as of November 30, 1996 and November 30, 1995 and
the related consolidated statements of income, cash flows and
changes in shareholders' equity for each of the years in the
three year period ended November 30, 1996.
99.2 The Morgan Stanley, Dean Witter, Discover & Co. unaudited pro
forma condensed combined statement of financial condition at
December 31, 1996, and unaudited pro forma condensed combined
statements of income for the twelve months ended December 31,
1996, 1995 and 1994.
<PAGE>
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereto duly authorized.
DEAN WITTER, DISCOVER & CO.
-----------------------------------
(Registrant)
By: /s/ Ronald T. Carman
-----------------------------------
Ronald T. Carman
Senior Vice President
Dated: February 28, 1997
<PAGE>
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
DEAN WITTER, DISCOVER & CO.
EXHIBITS
TO CURRENT REPORT ON
FORM 8-K DATED FEBRUARY 28, 1997
Commission File Number 1-11758
<PAGE>
Exhibit No. Description
- ------------- -----------
23.1 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP
99.1 The audited consolidated statement of financial condition of
Morgan Stanley as of November 30, 1996 and November 30, 1995 and
the related consolidated statements of income, cash flows and
changes in shareholders' equity for each of the years in the
three year period ended November 30, 1996.
99.2 The Morgan Stanley, Dean Witter, Discover & Co. unaudited pro
forma condensed combined statement of financial condition at
December 31, 1996, and unaudited pro forma condensed combined
statements of income for the twelve months ended December 31,
1996, 1995 and 1994.
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements
(Form S-3 No. 33-92172, Form S-3 No. 33-57202, Form S-3 No. 33-60734, Form S-3
No. 33-89748, Form S-3 No. 333-7947, Form S-3 No. 333-22409, and Form S-8 No.
33-62374, Form S-8 No. 33-63024, Form S-8 No. 33-63026, Form S-8 No. 33-78038,
Form S-8 No. 33-79516, Form S-8 No. 33-82240, Form S-8 No. 33-82242, Form S-8
No. 33-82244, and Form S-8 No. 333-4212) of Dean Witter, Discover & Co. of our
reports dated January 7, 1997 and February 27, 1997 with respect to the
consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule,
respectively, of Morgan Stanley Group Inc. included in and incorporated by
reference in this Current Report on Form 8-K of Dean Witter, Discover & Co. to
be filed on February 28, 1997.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
------------------------
ERNST & YOUNG LLP
New York, New York
February 28, 1997
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 99.1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The Stockholders and
Board of Directors of
Morgan Stanley Group Inc.
We have audited the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition
of Morgan Stanley Group Inc. at November 30, 1996 and November 30, 1995 and the
related Consolidated Statements of Income, Cash Flows and Changes in
Stockholders' Equity for the year ended November 30, 1996, the ten-month period
ended November 30, 1995 and the year ended January 31, 1995. These financial
statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on
our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Morgan Stanley
Group Inc. at November 30, 1996 and November 30, 1995, and the consolidated
results of operations and cash flows for the year ended November 30, 1996, the
ten-month period ended November 30, 1995 and the year ended January 31, 1995, in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP
New York, New York
January 7, 1997
1
<PAGE>
Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NOVEMBER 30, NOVEMBER 30,
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA) 1996 1995
------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Cash and interest-bearing equivalents $ 4,545 $ 2,471
Cash and securities deposited with clearing
organizations or segregated under federal
and other regulations (securities at fair value
of $2,474 at November 30, 1996 and
$859 at November 30, 1995) 3,164 1,339
Financial instruments owned:
U.S. government and agency securities 11,079 12,480
Other sovereign government obligations 19,473 13,792
Corporate and other debt 15,978 10,690
Corporate equities 12,622 13,185
Derivative contracts 11,220 8,043
Physical commodities 375 410
Securities purchased under agreements to resell 60,457 45,886
Securities borrowed 39,680 27,069
Receivables:
Customers 5,761 3,413
Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations 5,421 1,475
Interest and dividends 1,320 1,082
Fees and other 745 506
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements,
at cost, net of accumulated depreciation
and amortization of $614 at November 30, 1996
and $462 at November 30, 1995 1,301 1,286
Other assets 3,305 626
-------- --------
Total assets $196,446 $143,753
======== ========
</TABLE>
* Amounts for fiscal 1995 have been retroactively adjusted to give effect for a
two-for-one stock split, effected in the form of a 100% stock dividend, which
became effective on January 26, 1996.
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
2
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NOVEMBER 30, NOVEMBER 30,
1996 1995
------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C>
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Short-term borrowings $ 20,461 $ 11,703
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
U.S. government and agency securities 10,196 6,459
Other sovereign government obligations 6,513 8,972
Corporate and other debt 1,112 1,076
Corporate equities 8,889 3,585
Derivative contracts 9,982 7,537
Physical commodities 476 71
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase 83,296 60,738
Securities loaned 8,975 9,340
Payables:
Customers 18,629 13,818
Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations 1,820 1,974
Interest and dividends 1,478 1,019
Other liabilities and accrued expenses 972 595
Accrued compensation and benefits 1,746 1,192
Long-term borrowings 14,498 9,635
--------- ---------
189,043 137,714
--------- ---------
Capital Units 865 865
--------- ---------
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock 1,223 818
Common stock, $1.00 par value; authorized
600,000,000 shares; issued 163,236,893 shares
at November 30, 1996 and 162,838,920 shares
at November 30, 1995* 163 163
Paid-in capital* 1,144 730
Retained earnings 4,504 3,815
Cumulative translation adjustments (11) (9)
--------- ---------
Subtotal 7,023 5,517
Less:
Note receivable related to sale of preferred stock to ESOP 78 89
Common stock held in treasury, at cost
(9,894,271 shares at November 30, 1996
and 7,635,174 shares at November 30, 1995)* 407 254
--------- ---------
Total stockholders' equity 6,538 5,174
--------- ---------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 196,446 $ 143,753
========= =========
</TABLE>
3
<PAGE>
Consolidated Statement of Income
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FISCAL YEAR ENDED FISCAL PERIOD ENDED FISCAL YEAR ENDED
NOVEMBER 30, NOVEMBER 30, JANUARY 31,
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA) 1996 1995 1995
----------------- ------------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues:
Investment banking $ 1,944 $ 1,211 $ 919
Principal transactions:
Trading 2,210 1,122 1,104
Investments 86 102 139
Commissions 613 437 449
Interest and dividends 7,701 5,939 6,406
Asset management and administration 582 310 350
Other 8 3 9
------------ ------------ ------------
Total revenues 13,144 9,124 9,376
Interest expense 7,368 5,501 5,875
------------ ------------ ------------
Net revenues 5,776 3,623 3,501
------------ ------------ ------------
Expenses excluding interest:
Compensation and benefits 2,863 1,795 1,733
Occupancy and equipment 362 276 303
Brokerage, clearing and exchange fees 274 211 230
Communications 146 108 122
Business development 170 110 165
Professional services 226 131 164
Other 163 109 131
Relocation charge -- -- 59
------------ ------------ ------------
Total expenses excluding interest 4,204 2,740 2,907
------------ ------------ ------------
Income before income taxes 1,572 883 594
Provision for income taxes 543 283 199
------------ ------------ ------------
Net income $ 1,029 $ 600 $ 395
============ ============ ============
Preferred stock dividend requirements $ 66 $ 54 $ 65
------------ ------------ ------------
Earnings applicable to common shares(1) $ 963 $ 546 $ 330
------------ ------------ ------------
Average common and common equivalent shares
============ ============ ============
outstanding(1)(2) 153,514,483 156,912,678 157,793,216
------------ ------------ ------------
Primary earnings per share(2) $ 6.27 $ 3.48 $ 2.09
------------ ------------ ------------
Fully diluted earnings per share(2) $ 5.96 $ 3.33 $ 2.02
============ ============ ============
</TABLE>
(1) Amounts shown are used to calculate primary earnings per share.
(2) Amounts for fiscal 1995 and fiscal 1994 have been retroactively adjusted to
give effect for a two-for-one stock split, effected in the form of a 100%
stock dividend, which became effective on January 26, 1996.
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
4
<PAGE>
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FISCAL YEAR ENDED FISCAL PERIOD ENDED FISCAL YEAR ENDED
NOVEMBER 30, NOVEMBER 30, JANUARY 31,
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS) 1996 1995 1995
----------------- ------------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $ 1,029 $ 600 $ 395
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net
cash used for operating activities:
Non-cash charges included in net income:
Deferred income taxes (343) (111) (128)
Compensation payable in common
or preferred stock 426 165 116
Depreciation and amortization 168 107 104
Relocation charge -- -- 59
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Cash and securities deposited with
clearing organizations or segregated
under federal and other regulations (1,825) 777 (1,454)
Financial instruments owned, net of finan-
cial instruments sold, not yet purchased (2,620) (9,098) (1,086)
Securities borrowed, net of
securities loaned (12,976) (547) (3,063)
Receivables and other assets (7,812) 813 1,076
Payables and other liabilities, net of
deferred liabilities 6,169 3,947 258
======== ======= =======
Net cash used for operating activities (17,784) (3,347) (3,723)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Net payments for:
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements (152) (336) (415)
Purchase of Miller Anderson & Sherrerd, LLP ("MAS"),
net of cash acquired (200) -- --
Purchase of Van Kampen American Capital, Inc.,
net of cash acquired (986) -- --
-------- ------- -------
Net cash used for investing activities (1,338) (336) (415)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net proceeds related to short-term borrowings 8,693 1,430 1,707
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase,
net of securities purchased under agreements
to resell 7,987 642 1,451
Proceeds from:
Issuance of 7-3/4% Cumulative Preferred Stock 197 -- --
Issuance of Series A Fixed/Adjustable Rate
Cumulative Preferred Stock 343 -- --
Issuance of common stock 112 79 20
Issuance of long-term borrowings 6,057 2,402 2,955
Issuance of Capital Units -- 513 230
Payments for:
Redemption of 9.36% Cumulative Preferred Stock (138) -- --
Repurchases of common stock (507) (103) (287)
Repayments of long-term borrowings (1,369) (1,196) (1,202)
Cash dividends (179) (123) (151)
-------- ------- -------
Net cash provided by financing activities 21,196 3,644 4,723
======== ======= =======
Net increase (decrease) in cash and
interest-bearing equivalents 2,074 (39) 585
Cash and interest-bearing equivalents, at
beginning of period 2,471 2,510 1,925
======== ======= =======
Cash and interest-bearing equivalents, at end of period $ 4,545 $ 2,471 $ 2,510
======== ======= =======
</TABLE>
Cash payments for income taxes totaled $591 million, $233 million and $657
million in fiscal 1996, fiscal 1995 and fiscal 1994, respectively.
Cash payments for interest approximated interest expense for all periods.
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
5
<PAGE>
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PREFERRED COMMON
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS) STOCK STOCK(1)
--------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
Balance, January 31, 1994 $ 820 $ 156
Conversion of ESOP Preferred Stock (1) --
Issuance of common stock -- 2
Repurchases of common stock -- --
Compensation payable in common stock -- 2
ESOP shares allocated, at cost -- --
Net income -- --
Cash dividends -- --
Translation adjustments -- --
======= =====
Balance, January 31, 1995 819 160
Conversion of ESOP Preferred Stock (1) --
Issuance of common stock -- 3
Repurchases of common stock -- --
Compensation payable in common stock -- --
ESOP shares allocated, at cost -- --
Net income -- --
Cash dividends -- --
Translation adjustments -- --
======= =====
Balance, November 30, 1995 818 163
Issuance of common stock in connection with MAS acquisition -- --
Redemption of 9.36% Cumulative Preferred Stock (138) --
Issuance of 7-3/4% Cumulative Preferred Stock 200 --
Issuance of Series A Fixed/Adjustable Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock 345 --
Conversion of ESOP Preferred Stock (2) --
Issuance of common stock -- 4
Repurchases of common stock -- --
Retirement of treasury stock -- (4)
Compensation payable in common stock -- --
ESOP shares allocated, at cost -- --
Net income -- --
Cash dividends -- --
Translation adjustments -- --
------- -----
Balance, November 30, 1996 $ 1,223 $ 163
======= =====
</TABLE>
(1) Amounts for fiscal 1993 through fiscal 1995 have been retroactively adjusted
to give effect for a two-for-one stock split, effected in the form of a 100%
stock dividend, which became effective on January 26, 1996.
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
6
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
CUMULATIVE
PAID-IN RETAINED TRANSLATION
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS) CAPITAL(1) EARNINGS ADJUSTMENTS
---------- -------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Balance, January 31, 1994 $ 739 $ 3,094 $ (3)
Conversion of ESOP Preferred Stock 1 -- --
Issuance of common stock 18 -- --
Repurchases of common stock -- -- --
Compensation payable in common stock (132) -- --
ESOP shares allocated, at cost -- -- --
Net income -- 395 --
Cash dividends -- (151) --
Translation adjustments -- -- (7)
======= ======= ====
Balance, January 31, 1995 626 3,338 (10)
Conversion of ESOP Preferred Stock 1 -- --
Issuance of common stock 76 -- --
Repurchases of common stock -- -- --
Compensation payable in common stock 27 -- --
ESOP shares allocated, at cost -- -- --
Net income -- 600 --
Cash dividends -- (123) --
Translation adjustments -- -- 1
======= ======= ====
Balance, November 30, 1995 730 3,815 (9)
Issuance of common stock in connection with MAS acquisition 9 -- --
Redemption of 9.36% Cumulative Preferred Stock -- -- --
Issuance of 7-3/4% Cumulative Preferred Stock (3) -- --
Issuance of Series A Fixed/Adjustable Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock (2) -- --
Conversion of ESOP Preferred Stock 2 -- --
Issuance of common stock 108 -- --
Repurchases of common stock -- -- --
Retirement of treasury stock -- (161) --
Compensation payable in common stock 300 -- --
ESOP shares allocated, at cost -- -- --
Net income -- 1,029 --
Cash dividends -- (179) --
Translation adjustments -- -- (2)
------- ------- ----
Balance, November 30, 1996 $ 1,144 $ 4,504 $(11)
======= ======= ====
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NOTE RECEIVABLE COMMON STOCK
RELATED TO SALE HELD IN
OF PREFERRED TREASURY,
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS) STOCK TO ESOP AT COST TOTAL
--------------- ------------ -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Balance, January 31, 1994 $(109) $(228) $ 4,469
Conversion of ESOP Preferred Stock -- -- 0
Issuance of common stock -- -- 20
Repurchases of common stock -- (287) (287)
Compensation payable in common stock -- 237 107
ESOP shares allocated, at cost 9 -- 9
Net income -- -- 395
Cash dividends -- -- (151)
Translation adjustments -- -- (7)
===== ===== =======
Balance, January 31, 1995 (100) (278) 4,555
Conversion of ESOP Preferred Stock -- -- 0
Issuance of common stock -- -- 79
Repurchases of common stock -- (103) (103)
Compensation payable in common stock -- 127 154
ESOP shares allocated, at cost 11 -- 11
Net income -- -- 600
Cash dividends -- -- (123)
Translation adjustments -- -- 1
===== ===== =======
Balance, November 30, 1995 (89) (254) 5,174
Issuance of common stock in connection with MAS acquisition -- 74 83
Redemption of 9.36% Cumulative Preferred Stock -- -- (138)
Issuance of 7-3/4% Cumulative Preferred Stock -- -- 197
Issuance of Series A Fixed/Adjustable Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock -- -- 343
Conversion of ESOP Preferred Stock -- -- 0
Issuance of common stock -- -- 112
Repurchases of common stock -- (507) (507)
Retirement of treasury stock -- 165 0
Compensation payable in common stock -- 115 415
ESOP shares allocated, at cost 11 -- 11
Net income -- -- 1,029
Cash dividends -- -- (179)
Translation adjustments -- -- (2)
----- ----- -------
Balance, November 30, 1996 $ (78) $(407) $ 6,538
===== ===== =======
</TABLE>
7
<PAGE>
1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Morgan Stanley
Group Inc. and its U.S. and international subsidiaries (collectively, the
"Company"), including Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated ("MS&Co."), Morgan
Stanley & Co. International Limited ("MSIL"), and Morgan Stanley Japan Limited
("MSJL").
The Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles which require management to make
estimates and assumptions regarding certain trading inventory valuations, the
potential outcome of litigation and other matters that affect the financial
statements and related disclosures. Management believes that the estimates
utilized in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements are prudent
and reasonable. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
The Company, through its subsidiaries, provides a wide range of
financial services on a global basis. Its businesses include securities
underwriting, distribution and trading; merger, acquisition, restructuring, real
estate, project finance and other corporate finance advisory activities; asset
management; merchant banking and other principal investment activities;
brokerage and research services; the trading of foreign exchange and commodities
as well as derivatives on a broad range of asset categories, rates and indices;
and global custody, securities clearance services and securities lending. These
services are provided to a large and diversified group of clients and customers,
including corporations, governments, financial institutions and individual
investors.
All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been
eliminated in consolidation. Certain amounts in the Consolidated Financial
Statements for prior years have been reclassified to conform with the fiscal
1996 presentation.
CHANGE IN FISCAL YEAR-END
On February 28, 1995, the Board of Directors approved a change in the Company's
fiscal year-end from January 31 to November 30. This change became effective for
the fiscal period ended November 30, 1995, and, accordingly, this report
includes the results for the fiscal year ended November 30, 1996 ("fiscal
1996"), the 10-month period from February 1, 1995 through November 30, 1995
("fiscal 1995"), and for the fiscal year ended January 31, 1995 ("fiscal 1994").
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS USED FOR
TRADING AND INVESTMENT
Financial instruments, including derivatives, used in the Company's trading
activities are recorded at fair value, and unrealized gains and losses are
reflected in trading revenues. Interest revenue and expense arising from
financial instruments used in trading activities are reflected in the
Consolidated Statement of Income as interest income or expense. The fair values
of the trading positions generally are based on listed market prices. If listed
market prices are not available or if liquidating the Company's positions would
reasonably be expected to impact market prices, fair value is determined based
on other relevant factors, including dealer price quotations and price
quotations for similar instruments traded in different markets, including
markets located in different geographic areas. Fair values for certain
derivative contracts are derived from pricing models which consider current
market and contractual prices for the underlying financial instruments or
commodities, as well as time value and yield curve or volatility factors
underlying the positions. Purchases and sales of financial instruments are
recorded in the accounts on trade date. Unrealized gains and losses arising from
the Company's dealings in over-the-counter ("OTC") financial instruments,
including derivative contracts related to financial instruments and commodities,
are presented in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition
on a net-by-counterparty basis consistent with Financial Accounting Standards
Board ("FASB") Interpretation No. 39, "Offsetting of Amounts Related to Certain
Contracts."
Equity securities purchased in connection with merchant banking and
other principal investment activi-
8
<PAGE>
ties are initially carried in the Consolidated Financial Statements at their
original costs. The carrying value of such equity securities is adjusted when
changes in the underlying fair values are readily ascertainable, generally as
evidenced by listed market prices or transactions which directly affect the
value of such equity securities. Downward adjustments relating to such equity
securities are made in the event that the Company determines that the eventual
realizable value is less than the carrying value. The carrying value of
investments made in connection with principal real estate activities which do
not involve equity securities are adjusted periodically based on independent
appraisals, estimates prepared by the Company of discounted future cash flows of
the underlying real estate assets or other indicators of fair value.
Loans made in connection with merchant banking and investment banking
activities are carried at cost plus accrued interest less reserves, if deemed
necessary, for estimated losses.
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS USED FOR
ASSET AND LIABILITY MANAGEMENT
The Company uses interest rate and currency swaps to manage the interest rate
and currency exposure arising from certain borrowings. Swaps used to hedge debt
are designated as hedges and are matched to the debt by notional amount and
maturity. The periodic receipts or payments from each swap are recognized
ratably over the term of the swap as an adjustment to interest expense. Gains
and losses resulting from the termination of hedge contracts prior to their
stated maturity are recognized ratably over the remaining life of the instrument
being hedged. The Company also uses foreign exchange forward contracts to manage
the currency exposure relating to its net monetary investment in non-U.S. dollar
functional currency operations. The gain or loss from revaluing these contracts
is deferred and reported within cumulative translation adjustments in
stockholders' equity, net of tax effects, with the related unrealized amounts
due from or to counterparties included in receivables from or payables to
brokers, dealers and clearing organizations.
COLLATERALIZED SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS
Securities purchased under agreements to resell (reverse repurchase agreements)
and securities sold under agreements to repurchase (repurchase agreements),
principally government and agency securities, are treated as financing
transactions and are carried at the amounts at which the securities will
subsequently be resold or reacquired as specified in the respective agreements;
such amounts include accrued interest. Reverse repurchase and repurchase
agreements are presented net-by-counterparty in the accompanying Consolidated
Statement of Financial Condition where net presentation is consistent with FASB
Interpretation No. 41, "Offsetting of Amounts Related to Certain Repurchase and
Reverse Repurchase Agreements." It is the Company's policy to take possession of
securities purchased under agreements to resell. The Company monitors the fair
value of the underlying securities as compared with the related receivable or
payable, including accrued interest, and, as necessary, requests additional
collateral. Where deemed appropriate, the Company's agreements with third
parties specify its rights to request additional collateral.
Securities borrowed and securities loaned are carried at the amounts of
cash collateral advanced and received in connection with the transactions. The
Company measures the fair value of the securities borrowed and loaned against
the cash collateral on a daily basis. Additional cash is obtained as necessary
to ensure such transactions are adequately collateralized.
TRANSLATION OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES
Assets and liabilities of operations having non-U.S. dollar functional
currencies are translated at year-end rates of exchange, and the income
statements are translated at weighted average rates of exchange for the year. In
accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 52,
"Foreign Currency Translation," gains or losses resulting from translating
foreign currency financial statements, net of hedge gains or losses and related
tax effects, are reflected in cumulative translation adjustments, a separate
component of stockholders' equity. Gains or losses resulting from foreign
currency transactions are included in net income.
9
<PAGE>
PROPERTY, EQUIPMENT AND LEASEHOLD
IMPROVEMENTS
Depreciation of property and equipment is provided on a straight-line basis over
the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Amortization of leasehold
improvements is provided on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the
estimated useful life of the asset or, where applicable, the remaining life of
the lease.
COMMON SHARE DATA
Earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares and
share equivalents outstanding and gives effect to preferred stock dividend
requirements. Common share and stock option share data for fiscal 1995 and
fiscal 1994 have been retroactively adjusted throughout the Consolidated
Financial Statements to reflect a two-for-one common stock split, effected in
the form of a 100% stock dividend, declared on January 4, 1996 and payable on
January 26, 1996 to holders of record on January 16, 1996.
On April 3, 1996, the Company's stockholders approved an increase in the
number of authorized shares of common stock from 300,000,000 to 600,000,000.
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
In October 1995, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation." SFAS No. 123 encourages, but does not require, companies to
record compensation cost for stock-based employee compensation plans at fair
value. The Company has elected to continue to account for its stock-based
compensation plans using the intrinsic value method prescribed by Accounting
Principles Board Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees"
("APB No. 25"). Under the provisions of APB No. 25, compensation cost for stock
options is measured as the excess, if any, of the quoted market price of the
Company's common stock at the date of the grant over the amount an employee must
pay to acquire the stock.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased and not held
for resale, with an original maturity of three months or less, to be
interest-bearing equivalents for purposes of this statement.
In connection with the purchase of Miller Anderson & Sherrerd, LLP
("MAS"), the Company issued approximately $66 million of notes payable, as well
as 2,012,264 shares of common stock having a fair value on the date of
acquisition, January 3, 1996, of approximately $83 million. In addition, in
connection with the purchase of VK/AC Holding, Inc., the parent of Van Kampen
American Capital, Inc. ("VKAC"), the Company assumed approximately $162 million
of long-term debt (see Note 12).
INCOME TAXES
Income taxes are provided in accordance with SFAS No. 109, "Accounting for
Income Taxes." SFAS No. 109 requires the calculation of deferred taxes using the
asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax balances must be
adjusted to reflect enacted changes in income tax rates, and deferred taxes
generally must be provided on all book and tax basis differences.
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill and other intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over
periods from five to 25 years and are periodically evaluated for impairment.
Goodwill of approximately $1.3 billion is included in the Company's Consolidated
Statement of Financial Condition as a component of Other Assets (see Note 12).
2 Short-Term Borrowings
Short-term funding generally is obtained at rates related to U.S., Euro or Asian
money rates for the currency and term borrowed and includes loans payable on
demand. Secured borrowings included in these loans, which may fluctuate
significantly from time to time, were $11 million and $29 million at November
30, 1996 and November 30, 1995, respectively. Short-term borrowings at November
30, 1996 and November 30, 1995 also included commercial paper of $14,153 million
and $8,412 million,
10
<PAGE>
respectively, with approximate weighted average interest rates of 5.3% and 5.9%,
respectively.
The Company maintains a senior revolving credit agreement with a group of
banks. Under the terms of the credit agreement, the banks are committed to
provide up to $2.5 billion for up to 364 days. Any loans outstanding on the
commitment termination date will mature on the first anniversary of the
commitment termination date. The agreement contains restrictive covenants which
require, among other things, that the Company maintain stockholders' equity of
at least $4,115 million as of November 30, 1996. At November 30, 1996, $365
million was outstanding under this credit agreement.
The Company maintains a master collateral facility that enables MS&Co.
to pledge certain collateral to secure loan arrangements, letters of credit and
other financial accommodations. As part of this facility, MS&Co. maintains a
secured committed credit agreement with a group of banks that are parties to the
master collateral facility under which such banks are committed to provide up to
$1.25 billion for up to 364 days. Any loans outstanding on the commitment
termination date will mature on the first anniversary of the commitment
termination date. The credit agreement contains restrictive covenants which
require, among other things, that MS&Co. maintain specified levels of
consolidated stockholders' equity and Net Capital, as defined. In January 1997,
this facility was renewed, and the amount of the commitment was increased to
$1.5 billion. At November 30, 1996, no borrowings were outstanding under this
secured facility.
The Company maintains a revolving committed financing facility that
enables MSIL to secure committed funding from a syndicate of banks by providing
a broad range of collateral under repurchase agreements. Such banks are
committed to provide up to an aggregate of $1.25 billion available in 12 major
currencies for up to 364 days. Any amounts outstanding on the commitment
termination date, at MSIL's option, may be extended to mature on or before the
first anniversary of the commitment termination date. The facility agreements
contain restrictive covenants which require, among other things, that MSIL
maintain specified levels of Shareholders' Equity and Financial Resources, each
as defined. In December 1996, this facility was renewed, and the amount of the
commitment was increased to $1.55 billion. At November 30, 1996, no borrowings
were outstanding under this secured facility.
The Company anticipates that it will continue to utilize these
facilities for short-term funding from time to time.
3 Long-Term Borrowings
MATURITIES AND TERMS
Long-term borrowings at fiscal year-end consist of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. Dollar Non-U.S. Dollar(1)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Index/ Nov. 30, Nov. 30,
Fixed Floating Equity Fixed Floating 1996 1995
(Dollars in Millions) Rate Rate Linked Rate Rate Total Total
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Due in fiscal 1996 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 1,329
Due in fiscal 1997 628 1,400 497 96 363 2,984 2,704
Due in fiscal 1998 374 2,228 566 462 280 3,910 1,424
Due in fiscal 1999 753 764 319 206 357 2,399 788
Due in fiscal 2000 75 10 22 28 44 179 70
Due in fiscal 2001 1,235 285 68 47 18 1,653 664
Thereafter 2,715 - 116 516 26 3,373 2,656
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $ 5,780 $4,687 $1,588 $1,355 $1,088 $14,498 $ 9,635
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Weighted average
coupon at fiscal year-end 7.6% 5.7% n/a 5.3% 3.4% 6.3% 6.8%
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
(1) Weighted average coupon was calculated utilizing non-U.S. dollar interest
rates.
11
<PAGE>
MEDIUM-TERM NOTES
Included in the table above are medium-term notes of $8,271 million and $2,882
million at November 30, 1996 and November 30, 1995, respectively. The effective
weighted average interest rate on all medium-term notes was 5.8% in fiscal 1996
and 6.2% in fiscal 1995. Maturities of these notes range from fiscal 1997
through fiscal 2023.
STRUCTURED DEBT
U.S. dollar index/equity linked debt includes various structured instruments
whose payments and redemption values are linked to the performance of a specific
index (i.e., Standard & Poor's 500), a basket of stocks or a specific equity
security. To minimize the exposure resulting from movements in the underlying
equity position or index, the Company has entered into various equity swap
contracts and purchased options which effectively convert the borrowing costs
into floating rates based upon London Interbank Offered Rates
("LIBOR"). These instruments are included in the preceding table at their
redemption values based on the performance of the underlying indices, baskets of
stocks, or specific equity securities at November 30, 1996 and November 30,
1995.
OTHER DEBT
U.S. dollar contractual floating rate debt bears interest based on a variety of
money market indices, including LIBOR and Federal Funds rates. Non-U.S. dollar
contractual floating rate debt bears interest based on Euro floating rates.
Included in the Company's long-term debt are subordinated notes of
$1,325 million and $1,298 million at November 30, 1996 and November 30, 1995,
respectively. The effective weighted average interest rate on these subordinated
notes was 7.0% in fiscal 1996 and fiscal 1995. Maturities of the subordinated
notes range from fiscal 1999 to fiscal 2016.
Certain of the Company's long-term debt is redeemable prior to maturity
at the option of the holder. These notes contain certain provisions which
effectively enable noteholders to put the notes back to the Company and
therefore are scheduled in the foregoing table to mature in fiscal 1997 through
fiscal 1999. The stated maturities of these notes, which aggregate $1,480
million, are from 1998 to 2004.
In fiscal 1995, MS&Co., the Company's U.S. broker-dealer subsidiary,
issued approximately $263 million of 6.81% fixed rate subordinated Series C
notes, $96 million of 7.03% fixed rate subordinated Series D notes, $82 million
of 7.28% fixed rate subordinated Series E notes and $25 million of 7.82% fixed
rate subordinated Series F notes. These notes have maturities from 2001 to 2016.
The terms of such notes contain restrictive covenants which require, among other
things, that MS&Co. maintain specified levels of Consolidated Tangible Net Worth
and Net Capital, each as defined. In fiscal 1996, MS&Co. issued an additional
$50 million of Series C notes.
ASSET AND LIABILITY MANAGEMENT
A substantial portion of the Company's fixed rate long-term debt is used to fund
highly liquid marketable securities and short-term receivables arising from
securities transactions. The Company uses interest rate swaps to more closely
match the duration of this debt to the duration of the assets being funded and
to minimize interest rate risk. These swaps effectively convert certain of the
Company's fixed rate debt into floating rate obligations. In addition, for
non-U.S. dollar currency debt that is not used to fund assets in the same
currency, the Company has entered into currency swaps which
12
<PAGE>
effectively convert the debt into U.S. dollar obligations. The Company's use of
swaps for asset and liability management reduced its interest expense and
effective average borrowing rate as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiscal Fiscal Fiscal
(Dollars in Millions) 1996 1995 1994
---------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net reduction in interest expense from swaps
for the fiscal year $ 24 $22 $ 93
Weighted average coupon of long-term
debt at fiscal year-end(1) 6.3% 6.8% 7.0%
Effective average borrowing rate for
long-term debt after swaps at fiscal year-end(1) 6.1% 6.5% 6.7%
---------------------------------
</TABLE>
(1) Included in the weighted average and effective average calculations are
non-U.S. dollar interest rates.
The effective weighted average interest rate on the Company's index/equity
linked notes, which is not included in the table above, was 5.6% and 6.0% in
fiscal 1996 and fiscal 1995, respectively, after giving effect to the related
hedges.
The table below summarizes the notional or contract amounts of these
swaps by maturity and weighted average interest rates to be received and paid as
of November 30, 1996. Swaps utilized to hedge the Company's structured debt are
presented at their redemption values:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. Dollar Non-U.S. Dollar(1)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Receive Receive Receive Receive
Fixed Floating Index/ Fixed Floating Nov. 30, Nov. 30,
Pay Pay Equity Pay Pay 1996 1995
(Dollars in Millions) Floating Floating Linked Floating Floating(2) Total Total
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Maturing in fiscal 1996 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 681
Maturing in fiscal 1997 628 200 497 96 357 1,778 1,238
Maturing in fiscal 1998 343 175 566 462 221 1,767 860
Maturing in fiscal 1999 456 200 319 206 82 1,263 588
Maturing in fiscal 2000 75 - 22 28 44 169 70
Maturing in fiscal 2001 800 5 68 47 - 920 -
Thereafter 885 - 116 516 - 1,517 1,388
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $ 3,187 $ 580 $1,588 $1,355 $704 $ 7,414 $ 4,825
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Weighted average at
fiscal year-end(3)
Receive rate 7.2% 5.8% n/a 5.1% 3.3%
Pay rate 5.6% 6.0% n/a 4.9% 5.9%
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
(1) The differences between the receive rate and the pay rate may reflect
differences in the rate of interest associated with the underlying
currency.
(2) These amounts include currency swaps used to effectively convert debt
denominated in one currency into obligations denominated in another
currency.
(3) The table was prepared under the assumption that interest rates remain
constant at year-end levels. The variable interest rates to be received or
paid will change to the extent that rates fluctuate. Such changes may be
substantial. Variable rates presented generally are based on LIBOR or
Treasury bill rates.
13
<PAGE>
As noted above, the Company uses interest rate and currency swaps to modify the
terms of its existing debt. Activity during the periods in the notional value of
the swap contracts used by the Company for asset and liability management (and
the unrecognized gain at period end) is summarized in the table below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiscal Fiscal
(Dollars in Millions) 1996 1995
-----------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Notional value at beginning of period $4,825 $ 3,740
Additions 3,453 1,546
Matured (643) (359)
Terminated (157) (108)
Effect of foreign currency translation on non-U.S. dollar notional values
and changes in redemption values on structured debt (64) 6
-----------------------
Notional value at fiscal year-end $7,414 $ 4,825
-----------------------
-----------------------
Unrecognized gain at fiscal year-end $ 150 $ 225
-----------------------
-----------------------
</TABLE>
The Company also uses interest rate swaps to modify certain of its repurchase
financing agreements. The Company had interest rate swaps with notional values
of approximately $1.1 billion and $2.1 billion as of November 30, 1996 and
November 30, 1995, respectively, and unrecognized gains of approximately $14
million and $45 million as of November 30, 1996 and November 30, 1995,
respectively, for such purpose. The unrecognized gains on these swaps were
offset by unrecognized losses on certain of the Company's repurchase financing
agreements.
The estimated fair value of the Company's long-term debt, based on rates
available to the Company at November 30, 1996 and November 30, 1995 for debt
with similar terms and maturities, and the aggregate carrying value of this debt
are presented in the following table:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nov. 30, Nov. 30,
(Dollars in Millions) 1996 1995
----------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Fair value of long-term debt $14,751 $ 9,954
Unrecognized loss (253) (319)
----------------------
Carrying value of long-term debt $14,498 $ 9,635
----------------------
----------------------
</TABLE>
4 Commitments and Contingencies
LEASES AND RELATED COMMITMENTS
The Company incurred rent expense under operating leases in the amounts of $101
million, $97 million and $113 million in fiscal 1996, fiscal 1995 and fiscal
1994, respectively. Minimum remaining rental payments, excluding amounts related
to the Company's termination of certain leased office space as described below,
are approximately as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- -------------------------------------------------------------
Fiscal Year (Dollars in Millions)
--------------------
<S> <C>
1997 $ 126
1998 111
1999 87
2000 79
2001 69
Thereafter 364
---
</TABLE>
Rentals are subject to periodic escalation charges.
14
<PAGE>
During 1995, the Company relocated the majority of its New York City
employees from existing leased space at 1221 and 1251 Avenue of the Americas to
space in the Company's buildings at 1585 Broadway and 750 Seventh Avenue that
were purchased in fiscal 1993 and fiscal 1994, respectively. The total
investment in these two buildings totaled approximately $700 million, which is
being depreciated over the useful lives of the various assets comprising the
investment.
During fiscal 1994, the Company recognized a pretax charge of $59
million ($39 million after tax, which reduced primary and fully diluted earnings
per share by $.25 and $.24, respectively). The charge was in connection with the
moves discussed above and a move to new leased office space in Tokyo. The charge
specifically covered the Company's termination of certain leased office space
and the write-off of remaining leasehold improvements in both cities.
OTHER COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Company had approximately $3.3 billion of letters of credit outstanding at
November 30, 1996 to satisfy various collateral requirements.
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased represent obligations of
the Company to deliver specified financial instruments at contracted prices,
thereby creating commitments to purchase the financial instruments in the market
at prevailing prices. Consequently, the Company's ultimate obligation to satisfy
the sale of financial instruments sold, not yet purchased may exceed the amounts
recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition.
The Company also has commitments to fund certain fixed assets and other
less liquid investments, including at November 30, 1996 approximately $208
million in connection with its merchant banking and other principal investment
activities. Additionally, the Company has provided and will continue to provide
financing, including margin lending and other extensions of credit to clients
(including subordinated loans on an interim basis to leveraged companies
associated with its investment banking and its merchant banking and other
principal investment activities), that may subject the Company to increased
credit and liquidity risks.
The Company and its subsidiaries have been named as defendants in
certain legal actions and have been involved in certain investigations and
proceedings in the ordinary course of business. It is the opinion of management,
based on current knowledge and after consultation with counsel, that the outcome
of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's
Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein.
5 Trading Activities
TRADING REVENUES
The Company manages its trading businesses by product groupings and therefore
has established distinct, worldwide trading divisions having responsibility for
equity, fixed income, foreign exchange and commodities products. Because of the
integrated nature of the markets for such products, each product area trades
cash instruments as well as related derivative products (i.e., options, swaps,
futures, forwards and other contracts with respect to such underlying
instruments or commodities). Revenues related to trading are summarized below by
trading division. The "Total" column includes all trading revenues plus the
portion of those commission and interest revenues and expenses which result from
trading activities. Commissions and Net Interest (interest
15
<PAGE>
revenues less interest expense) as reported in the Company's Consolidated
Statement of Income also include results from the Company's securities services
business and other business activities:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in Millions) Trading Commissions Net Interest Total
-----------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
FISCAL 1996
Equities $ 978 $ 536 $(166) $ 1,348
Fixed Income 926 66 252 1,244
Foreign Exchange 169 1 - 170
Commodities 137 - (17) 120
-----------------------------------------------
Trading-related revenues 2,210 603 69 2,882
Securities services and other - 10 264 274
-----------------------------------------------
$ 2,210 $ 613 $ 333 $ 3,156
-----------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------
FISCAL 1995
Equities $ 409 $ 367 $ 103 $ 879
Fixed Income 489 52 306 847
Foreign Exchange 156 - 3 159
Commodities 68 - (16) 52
-----------------------------------------------
Trading-related revenues 1,122 419 396 1,937
Securities services and other - 18 42 60
-----------------------------------------------
$ 1,122 $ 437 $ 438 $ 1,997
-----------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------
FISCAL 1994
Equities $ 510 $ 351 $ (60) $ 801
Fixed Income 347 60 419 826
Foreign Exchange 148 1 4 153
Commodities 99 2 5 106
-----------------------------------------------
Trading-related revenues 1,104 414 368 1,886
Securities services and other - 35 163 198
-----------------------------------------------
$ 1,104 $ 449 $ 531 $ 2,084
-----------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
The Company's trading activities are both client-driven and proprietary. The
Company enters into specific contracts and carries inventories to meet the needs
of its clients. Its trading portfolios also are managed with a view toward the
risk and profitability of the portfolios to the Company. The nature of the
equities, fixed income, foreign exchange and commodities activities conducted by
the Company, including the use of derivative products in these businesses, and
the market, credit and concentration risk management policies and procedures
covering these activities are discussed below.
EQUITIES
The Company makes markets and trades in the global secondary markets for
equities and convertible debt and is a dealer in equity warrants, exchange
traded and OTC equity options, index futures, equity swaps and other
sophisticated equity derivatives. The Company's activities as a dealer primarily
are client-driven, with the objective of meeting clients' needs while earning a
spread between the premiums paid or received on its contracts with clients and
the cost of hedging such transactions in the cash or forward market or with
other derivative
16
<PAGE>
transactions. The Company limits its market risk related to these contracts,
which stems primarily from underlying equity/index price and volatility
movements, by employing a variety of hedging strategies, such as delta hedging
(delta is a measure of a derivative contract's price movement based on the
movement of the price of the security or index underlying the contract). The
Company also takes proprietary positions in the global equity markets by using
derivatives, most commonly futures and options, in addition to cash positions,
intending to profit from market price and volatility movements in the underlying
equities or indices positioned.
Equity option contracts give the purchaser of the contract the right to
buy (call) or sell (put) the equity security or index underlying the contract at
an agreed-upon price (strike price) during or at the conclusion of a specified
period of time. The seller (writer) of the contract is subject to market risk,
and the purchaser is subject to market risk (to the extent of the premium paid)
and credit risk. Equity swap contracts are contractual agreements whereby one
counterparty receives the appreciation (or pays the depreciation) on an equity
investment in return for paying another rate, often based upon equity index
movements or interest rates. The counterparties to the Company's equity
transactions include commercial banks, investment banks, broker-dealers,
investment funds and industrial companies.
FIXED INCOME
The Company is a market-maker for U.S. and non-U.S. government securities,
corporate bonds, money market instruments, medium-term notes and Eurobonds,
high-yield securities, emerging market securities, mortgage- and other
asset-backed securities, preferred stock and tax-exempt securities. In addition,
the Company is a dealer in interest rate and currency swaps and other related
derivative products, OTC options on U.S. and foreign government bonds and
mortgage-backed forward agreements ("TBA"), options and swaps. In this capacity,
the Company facilitates asset and liability management for its customers in
interest rate and currency swaps and related products and OTC government bond
options.
Swaps used in fixed income trading are, for the most part, contractual
agreements to exchange interest payment streams (i.e., an interest rate swap may
involve exchanging fixed for floating interest payments) or currencies (i.e., a
currency swap may involve exchanging yen for U.S. dollars in one year at an
agreed-upon exchange rate). The Company profits by earning a spread between the
premium paid or received for these contracts and the cost of hedging such
contracts. The Company seeks to manage the market risk of its swap portfolio,
which stems from interest rate and currency movements and volatility, by using
modeling that quantifies the sensitivity of its portfolio to movements in
interest rates and currencies and by adding positions to or selling positions
from its portfolio as needed to minimize such sensitivity. Typically, the
Company adjusts its positions by entering into additional swaps or interest rate
and foreign currency futures, foreign currency forwards and underlying
government bonds. The Company manages the risk related to its option portfolio
by using a variety of hedging strategies such as delta hedging, which includes
the use of futures and forward contracts to hedge market risk. The Company also
is involved in using debt securities to structure products with multiple
risk/return factors designed to suit investor objectives.
The Company is an underwriter of and a market-maker in mortgage-backed
securities and collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMO") as well as
commercial, residential and real estate loan products. The Company also
structures mortgage-backed swaps for its clients, enabling them to derive the
cash flows from an underlying mortgage-backed security without purchasing the
cash position. It earns the spread between the premium inherent in the swap and
the cost of hedging the swap contract through the use of cash positions or TBA
contracts. The Company also uses TBAs in its role as a dealer in mortgage-backed
securities and facilitates customer trades by taking positions in the TBA
market. Typically, these positions are hedged by offsetting TBA
17
<PAGE>
contracts or underlying cash positions. The Company profits by earning the
bid-offer spread on such transactions. Further, the Company uses TBAs to ensure
delivery of underlying mortgage-backed securities in its CMO issuance business.
As is the case with all mortgage-backed products, market risk associated with
these instruments results from interest rate fluctuations and changes in
mortgage prepayment speeds. The counterparties to the Company's fixed income
transactions include investment advisors, commercial banks, insurance companies,
investment funds and industrial companies.
FOREIGN EXCHANGE
The Company is a market-maker in a number of foreign currencies. In this
business, it actively trades currencies in the spot and forward markets earning
a dealer spread. The Company seeks to manage its market risk by entering into
offsetting positions. The Company conducts an arbitrage business in which it
seeks to profit from inefficiencies between the futures, spot and forward
markets. The Company also makes a market in foreign currency options. This
business largely is client-driven and involves the purchasing and writing of
European and American style options and certain sophisticated products to meet
specific client needs. The Company profits in this business by earning spreads
between the options' premiums and the cost of the hedging of such positions. The
Company limits its market risk by using a variety of hedging strategies,
including the buying and selling of the currencies underlying the options based
upon the options' delta equivalent. Foreign exchange option contracts give the
purchaser of the contract the right to buy (call) or sell (put) the currency
underlying the contract at an agreed-upon strike price at or over a specified
period of time. Forward contracts and futures represent commitments to purchase
or sell the underlying currencies at a specified future date at a specified
price. The Company also takes proprietary positions in major currencies to
profit from market price and volatility movements in the currencies positioned.
The majority of the Company's foreign exchange business relates to
major foreign currencies such as deutsche marks, yen, pound sterling, French
francs, Swiss francs, lire and Canadian dollars. The balance of the business
covers a broad range of other currencies. The counterparties to the Company's
foreign exchange transactions include commercial banks, investment banks,
broker-dealers, investment funds and industrial companies.
COMMODITIES
The Company, as a major participant in the world commodities markets, trades in
physical precious, base and platinum group metals, electricity, energy products
(principally oil, refined oil products and natural gas) as well as a variety of
derivatives related to these commodities such as futures, forwards and exchange
traded and OTC options and swaps. Through these activities, the Company provides
clients with a ready market to satisfy end users' current raw material needs and
facilitates their ability to hedge price fluctuations related to future
inventory needs. The former activity at times requires the positioning of
physical commodities. Derivatives on those commodities, such as futures,
forwards and options, often are used to hedge price movements in the underlying
physical inventory. The Company profits as a market-maker in physical
commodities by capturing the bid and offer spread inherent in the physical
markets.
To facilitate hedging for its clients, the Company often is required to
take positions in the commodity markets in the form of forward, option and swap
contracts involving oil, natural gas and electricity. The Company generally
hedges these positions by using a variety of hedging techniques such as delta
hedging, whereby the Company takes positions in the physical markets and/or
positions in other commodity derivatives such as futures and forwards to offset
the market risk in the underlying derivative. The Company profits from this
business by earning a spread between the premiums paid or received for these
derivatives and the cost of hedging such derivatives.
18
<PAGE>
The Company also maintains proprietary trading positions in commodity
derivatives, including futures, forwards and options in addition to physical
commodities, to profit from price and volatility movements in the underlying
commodities markets.
Forward, option and swap contracts on commodities are structured
similarly to like-kind derivative contracts for cash financial instruments. The
counterparties to OTC commodity contracts include precious metals producers,
refiners and consumers as well as shippers, central banks, and oil, gas and
electricity producers.
RISK MANAGEMENT
Risk management at the Company is an integrated process with independent
oversight which requires constant communication, judgment and knowledge of
specialized products and markets. The Company's senior management takes an
active role in the risk management process and has developed policies and
procedures that require specific administration and business functions to assist
in the identification, assessment and control of various risks. In recognition
of the increasingly varied and complex nature of the financial services
business, the Company's risk management policies and procedures are evolutionary
in nature and are subject to ongoing review, modification and revision. Many of
the Company's risk management and control practices are subject to periodic
review by the Company's internal auditors and independent accountants, as well
as interactions with various regulatory authorities. The Company continues to be
committed to employing qualified personnel with appropriate expertise in each of
its various administrative and business areas to implement effectively the
Company's risk management and monitoring systems and processes.
The Company has developed a multi-tiered approach for monitoring and
managing its risks. The Finance and Risk Committee, authorized by the Company's
Board of Directors, is chaired by the Company's Chief Financial Officer and is
composed of senior officers with familiarity and expertise in dealing with risk
management principles. It establishes the overall risk management policies of
the Company, reviews the Company's performance relative to these policies,
allocates capital among business activities of the Company, monitors the
availability of sources of financing, reviews the foreign exchange risk of the
Company, and oversees the liquidity and interest rate sensitivity of the
Company's asset and liability position. The Firm Risk Manager heads the Firm
Risk Management Group (described below) and assists senior management and the
Finance and Risk Committee in establishing, monitoring and controlling the
Company's overall risk profile. With respect to the Company's major trading
divisions (fixed income, equity, commodities and foreign exchange), division
risk managers monitor and manage positions and set the overall division risk
profile on a worldwide basis within established market risk limits, review major
trading positions and strategies, and report major market and position events to
the Firm Risk Manager. Desk risk managers perform similar functions with respect
to a product area or particular product at the business unit and trading desk
level.
The Firm Risk Management Group has operational responsibility for
identifying, monitoring and reporting to senior management on the Company's
exposure to risk. The Firm Risk Management Group includes three departments that
are all independent of the Company's business areas: the Market Risk Department
monitors the Company's market risk profile on a worldwide basis, which includes
all divisional, geographic and product-line market risks; the Credit Department
manages and monitors counterparty exposure limits on a worldwide basis; the
Internal Audit Department, which also reports to the Audit Committee of the
Board of Directors, assesses the Company's operations and control environment
through periodic examinations of business and operational areas.
During fiscal 1996, the Company established a Risk Management Advisory
Board which advises the Firm Risk Management Group on risk measurement
19
<PAGE>
methodologies, models and systems and establishes review procedures for models
used by the Company for valuation and risk measurement. Other departments within
the Company that are independent of the Company's business areas and also are
actively involved in monitoring the Company's risk profile include: Controllers,
Corporate Treasury, Information Technology, Legal and Compliance, Tax and
Operations.
In addition, the Company has certain commitment committees that are
involved in managing and monitoring the risks associated with the Company's
diverse businesses. These committees are composed of a cross section of the
Company's senior officers from various disciplines. The High-Yield Commitment
Committee and Equity Commitment Committee determine whether the Company should
participate in a transaction involving the underwriting or placement of
high-yield or equity securities, respectively, where the Company's capital and
reputation may be at risk, and evaluate the potential revenues and risks
involved with respect to a particular transaction.
MARKET RISK
Market risk refers to the risk that a change in the level of one or more market
prices, rates, indices, volatilities, correlations or other market factors, such
as liquidity, will result in losses for a specified position or portfolio.
The Company manages the market risk associated with its trading
activities Company-wide, on a divisional level worldwide and on an individual
product basis. Specific market risk guidelines and limits have been approved for
the Company and each trading division of the Company worldwide by the Finance
and Risk Committee. Discrete market risk limits are assigned to business units
and trading desks within trading areas which are compatible with the trading
division limits. Division risk managers, desk risk managers and the Market Risk
Department all monitor market risk measures against limits.
The Market Risk Department independently reviews the Company's trading
portfolios on a regular basis from a market risk perspective which includes
value at risk and other quantitative and qualitative risk measurements and
analyses. The Company may use measures, such as rate sensitivity, convexity,
volatility and time decay measurements, to estimate market risk and to assess
the sensitivity of positions to changes in market conditions. Stress testing,
which measures the impact on the value of existing portfolios of specified
changes in market factors, for certain products is performed periodically and is
reviewed by division risk managers, desk risk managers and the Market Risk
Department.
CREDIT RISK
The Company's exposure to credit risk arises from the possibility that a
counterparty to a transaction might fail to perform under its contractual
commitment, resulting in the Company incurring losses. The Finance and Risk
Committee has approved Company-wide credit guidelines which limit the Company's
credit exposure to any one counterparty. Specific credit risk limits based on
the credit guidelines also have been approved by the Finance and Risk Committee
for each type of counterparty (by rating category) as well as secondary
positions of high-yield and emerging market debt.
The Credit Department administers and monitors the credit limits among
trading divisions on a worldwide basis. In addition to monitoring credit limits,
the Company manages the credit exposure relating to its trading activities by
reviewing counterparty financial soundness periodically, by entering into master
netting agreements and collateral arrangements with counterparties in
appropriate circumstances and by limiting the duration of exposure. In certain
cases, the Company also may close out transactions or assign them to other
counterparties to mitigate credit risk.
20
<PAGE>
CONCENTRATION RISK
The Company is subject to concentration risk by holding large positions in
certain types of securities or commitments to purchase securities of a single
issuer, including sovereign governments and other entities, issuers located in a
particular country or geographic area, public and private issuers involving
developing countries or issuers engaged in a particular industry. Financial
instruments owned by the Company include U.S. government and agency securities
and securities issued by other sovereign governments (principally Japan, Germany
and Italy), which, in the aggregate, represented approximately 16% of the
Company's total assets at November 30, 1996. In addition, substantially all of
the collateral held by the Company for resale agreements or bonds borrowed,
which together represented approximately 36% of the Company's total assets at
November 30, 1996, consists of securities issued by the U.S. government, federal
agencies or other sovereign government obligations. Positions taken and
commitments made by the Company, including positions taken and underwriting and
financing commitments made in connection with its merchant banking and principal
investment activities, often involve substantial amounts and significant
exposure to individual issuers and businesses, including non-investment grade
issuers. The Company seeks to limit concentration risk through the use of the
systems and procedures described in the preceding discussions of market and
credit risk.
CUSTOMER ACTIVITIES
The Company's customer activities involve the execution, settlement, custody and
financing of various securities and commodities transactions on behalf of
customers. Customer securities activities are transacted on either a cash or
margin basis. Customer commodities activities, which include the execution of
customer transactions in commodity futures transactions (including options on
futures), are transacted on a margin basis.
The Company's customer activities may expose it to off-balance sheet
credit risk. The Company may have to purchase or sell financial instruments at
prevailing market prices in the event of the failure of a customer to settle a
trade on its original terms or in the event cash and securities in customer
margin accounts are not sufficient to fully cover customer losses. The Company
seeks to control the risks associated with customer activities by requiring
customers to maintain margin collateral in compliance with various regulations
and Company policies.
NOTIONAL/CONTRACT AMOUNTS AND FAIR
VALUES OF DERIVATIVES
The gross notional or contract amounts of derivative instruments and fair value
(carrying amount) of the related assets and liabilities at November 30, 1996 and
November 30, 1995, as well as the average fair value of those assets and
liabilities for the year ended November 30, 1996 and the period ended November
30, 1995, are presented in the table which follows. Fair value represents the
cost of replacing these instruments and is further described in Note 1. Future
changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates or the fair values of
the financial instruments, commodities or indices underlying these contracts may
ultimately result in cash settlements exceeding fair value amounts recognized in
the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition. Assets represent unrealized
gains on purchased exchange traded and OTC options and other contracts
(including interest rate, foreign exchange and other forward contracts and
swaps) in gain positions net of any unrealized losses owed to these
counterparties on offsetting positions in situations where netting is consistent
with FASB Interpretation No. 39. Similarly, liabilities represent net
21
<PAGE>
amounts owed to counterparties. These amounts will vary based on changes in the
fair values of underlying financial instruments and/or the volatility of such
underlying instruments:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fiscal Year-End Fiscal Year-End Average
Gross Notional/ Fair Values(3) Fair Values(3)(4)
Contract Amount(1)(2) --------------------------- ---------------------------
Assets Liabilities Assets Liabilities
--------------------------- ---------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1996 1995 (Dollars in Billions, at fiscal year-end ) 1996 1995 1996 1995 1996 1995 1996 1995
$622 $401 Interest rate and currency swaps
and options (including caps,
floors and swap options) $ 4.9 $3.8 $ 5.0 $3.8 $4.2 $3.7 $3.8 $ 3.8
362 260 Foreign exchange forward
and futures contracts and options 2.2 1.9 2.0 1.9 1.6 2.0 1.6 2.2
31 21 Mortgage-backed securities forward
contracts, swaps and options 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1
178 199 Other fixed income securities
contracts (including futures
contracts and options) 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.3
61 57 Equity securities contracts (including
equity swaps, futures contracts,
and warrants and options) 2.3 1.4 1.5 0.8 1.6 1.5 1.1 0.9
63 47 Commodity forwards, futures,
options and swaps 1.4 0.7 1.2 0.5 1.3 1.0 0.7 0.9
------------- --------------------------------------------------------
$ 1,317 $ 985 Total $11.2 $8.0 $10.0 $7.5 $9.1 $8.6 $7.7 $ 8.2
------------- --------------------------------------------------------
------------- --------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
(1) The notional amounts of derivatives have been adjusted to reflect the
effects of leverage, where applicable.
(2) Notional amounts include purchased and written options of $247 billion and
$193 billion, respectively, at November 30, 1996, and $139 billion and $100
billion, respectively, at November 30, 1995.
(3) These amounts represent carrying value (exclusive of collateral) at November
30, 1996 and November 30, 1995, respectively, and do not include receivables
or payables related to exchange traded futures contracts.
(4) Amounts are calculated using a monthly average.
The gross notional or contract amounts of these instruments are indicative
of the Company's degree of use of derivatives for trading purposes but do not
represent the Company's exposure to market or credit risk. Credit risk arises
from the failure of a counterparty to perform according to the terms of the
contract. The Company's exposure to credit risk at any point in time is
represented by fair value of the contracts reported as assets. These amounts are
presented on a net-by-counterparty basis consistent with FASB Interpretation
No. 39 but are not reported net of collateral, which the Company obtains with
respect to certain of these transactions to reduce its exposure to credit
losses. The Company monitors the creditworthiness of counterparties to these
transactions on an ongoing basis and requests additional collateral when deemed
necessary. The Company believes that the ultimate settlement of the transactions
outstanding at November 30, 1996 will not have a material effect on the
Company's financial condition.
22
<PAGE>
The remaining maturities of the Company's swaps and other derivative
products at November 30, 1996 and November 30, 1995 are summarized in the
following table, showing notional values by year of expected maturity:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Greater
Less than 1 to 3 3 to 5 than
(Dollars in Billions) 1 Year Years Years 5 Years Total
--------- -------- ------ ------- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
NOVEMBER 30, 1996
Interest rate and currency swaps
and options (including caps,
floors and swap options) $132 $191 $119 $180 $ 622
Foreign exchange forward and
futures contracts and options 338 20 4 -- 362
Mortgage-backed securities forward
contracts, swaps and options 20 1 2 8 31
Other fixed income securities
contracts (including futures
contracts and options) 132 39 6 1 178
Equity securities contracts
(including equity swaps,
futures contracts, and
warrants and options) 50 9 2 -- 61
Commodity forwards, futures
options and swaps 50 10 2 1 63
---- ---- ---- ---- ------
Total $722 $270 $135 $190 $1,317
---- ---- ---- ---- ------
---- ---- ---- ---- ------
Percent of total 55% 21% 10% 14% 100%
---- ---- ---- ---- ------
---- ---- ---- ---- ------
NOVEMBER 30, 1995
Interest rate and currency swaps
and options (including caps,
floors and swap options) $ 97 $138 $ 74 $ 92 $ 401
Foreign exchange forward and
futures contracts and options 253 4 3 -- 260
Mortgage-backed securities forward
contracts, swaps and options 16 -- 2 3 21
Other fixed income securities
contracts (including futures
contracts and options) 142 34 16 7 199
Equity securities contracts
(including equity swaps,
futures contracts, and
warrants and options) 54 3 -- -- 57
Commodity forwards, futures
options and swaps 38 7 2 -- 47
---- ---- ---- ---- ------
Total $600 $186 $ 97 $102 $ 985
---- ---- ---- ---- ------
---- ---- ---- ---- ------
Percent of total 61% 19% 10% 10% 100%
---- ---- ---- ---- ------
---- ---- ---- ---- ------
</TABLE>
23
<PAGE>
The credit quality of the Company's trading-related derivatives at November 30,
1996 and November 30, 1995 is summarized in the table below, showing the fair
value of the related assets by counterparty credit rating. The actual credit
ratings are determined by external rating agencies or by equivalent ratings used
by the Company's Credit Department:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Collater-
alized Other
Non- Non-
Invest- Invest-
ment ment
(Dollars in Millions) AAA AA A BBB Grade Grade Total
------ ------ ------ ------ ---- ---- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
NOVEMBER 30, 1996
Interest rate and currency swaps
and options (including caps, floors
and swap options) $ 739 $1,393 $1,977 $ 674 $ 25 $ 152 $ 4,960
Foreign exchange forward contracts
and options 727 824 539 28 -- 50 2,168
Mortgage-backed securities forward
contracts, swaps and options 66 65 64 19 -- 5 219
Other fixed income securities
contracts (including options) 53 52 41 22 6 31 205
Equity securities contracts (including
equity swaps, warrants and options) 1,074 274 408 60 426 43 2,285
Commodity forwards, options and swaps 95 318 318 280 72 300 1,383
------ ------ ------ ------ ---- ---- -------
Total $2,754 $2,926 $3,347 $1,083 $529 $581 $11,220
------ ------ ------ ------ ---- ---- -------
------ ------ ------ ------ ---- ---- -------
Percent of total 24% 26% 30% 10% 5% 5% 100%
------ ------ ------ ------ ---- ---- -------
------ ------ ------ ------ ---- ---- -------
NOVEMBER 30, 1995
Interest rate and currency swaps
and options (including caps, floors
and swap options) $ 660 $1,269 $1,148 $ 535 $ 88 $ 141 $ 3,841
Foreign exchange forward contracts
and options 548 531 674 83 -- 27 1,863
Mortgage-backed securities forward
contracts, swaps and options 23 31 36 7 12 14 123
Other fixed income securities
contracts (including options) 25 33 33 42 -- 4 137
Equity securities contracts (including
equity swaps, warrants and options) 612 98 232 143 178 159 1,422
Commodity forwards, options and swaps 103 129 152 126 -- 147 657
------ ------ ------ ------ ---- ---- -------
Total $1,971 $2,091 $2,275 $ 936 $278 $ 492 $ 8,043
------ ------ ------ ------ ---- ---- -------
------ ------ ------ ------ ---- ---- -------
Percent of total 25% 26% 28% 12% 3% 6% 100%
------ ------ ------ ------ ---- ---- -------
------ ------ ------ ------ ---- ---- -------
</TABLE>
The Company has also obtained assets posted as collateral by investment grade
counterparties amounting to $948 million and $883 million at November 30, 1996
and November 30, 1995, respectively.
24
<PAGE>
6 Preferred Stock and Capital Units
Preferred stock is composed of the following issues:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Shares Outstanding at Balance at
---------------------- ----------------------
Nov. 30, Nov. 30, Nov. 30, Nov. 30,
(Dollars in Millions) 1996 1995 1996 1995
---------------------- ----------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
ESOP Convertible Preferred Stock,
liquidation preference $35.88 3,699,302 3,758,133 $ 133 $ 135
9.36% Cumulative Preferred Stock, stated value $25 -- 5,500,000 -- 138
Series A Fixed/Adjustable Rate Cumulative
Preferred Stock, stated value $200 1,725,000 -- 345 --
7-3/4% Cumulative Preferred Stock, stated value $200 1,000,000 -- 200 --
7-3/8% Cumulative Preferred Stock, stated value $200 1,000,000 1,000,000 200 200
8.88% Cumulative Preferred Stock, stated value $200 975,000 975,000 195 195
8-3/4% Cumulative Preferred Stock, stated value $200 750,000 750,000 150 150
--------- --------- --------- ---------
Total $1,223 $ 818
--------- --------- --------- ---------
--------- --------- --------- ---------
</TABLE>
Each issue of preferred stock ranks in parity with all other preferred
stock.
During fiscal 1996, the Company redeemed all 5,500,000 shares of its 9.36%
Cumulative Preferred Stock at a redemption price of $25.156 per share, which
reflected the stated value of $25 per share together with an amount equal to all
dividends accrued and unpaid to, but excluding, the redemption date.
During fiscal 1996, the Company issued 4,000,000 Depositary Shares,
representing 1,000,000 shares of 7-3/4% Cumulative Preferred Stock, in an
aggregate amount of $200 million. Each Depositary Share represents 1/4 of a
share of such preferred stock.
During fiscal 1996, the Company issued 6,900,000 Depositary Shares,
representing 1,725,000 shares of Series A Fixed/Adjustable Rate Cumulative
Preferred Stock ("FRAPS"), in the aggregate amount of $345 million. The FRAPS
will pay a fixed dividend rate of 5.91% through 2001, after which it will pay a
floating rate based upon certain U.S. Treasury securities. Each Depositary Share
represents 1/4 of a share of such preferred stock.
Subsequent to November 30, 1996, the Company redeemed all 975,000 shares
of its 8.88% Cumulative Preferred Stock at a redemption price of $201.632 per
share, which reflects the stated value of $200 per share together with an amount
equal to all dividends accrued and unpaid to, but excluding, the redemption
date.
The Company has Capital Units outstanding which were issued by the Company
and Morgan Stanley Finance plc ("MS plc"), a U.K. subsidiary. A Capital Unit
consists of (a) a Subordinated Debenture of MS plc guaranteed by the Company and
having maturities from 2013 to 2015 and (b) a related Purchase Contract issued
by the Company, which may be accelerated by the Company beginning approximately
one year after the issuance of each Capital Unit, requiring the holder to
purchase one Depositary Share representing shares (or fractional shares) of the
Company's Cumulative Preferred Stock. The aggregate amount of Capital Units
outstanding was $865 million at November 30, 1996 and November 30, 1995.
25
<PAGE>
Subsequent to November 30, 1996, the Company and MS plc issued 8.03%
Capital Units in the aggregate amount of $134 million which mature in 2016.
The estimated fair value of the Capital Units was $866 million and $872
million at November 30, 1996 and November 30, 1995, respectively.
7 Common Stock and Stockholders' Equity
During the fiscal year ended November 30, 1996, the Company repurchased or
acquired shares of its common stock at an aggregate cost of $507 million and an
average cost per share of $44.25. The Company's unused portion of its stock
repurchase authorization at November 30, 1996 was approximately $256 million. On
January 7, 1997, the Board of Directors authorized the purchase, in the open
market or otherwise, subject to market conditions and certain other factors, of
an additional $400 million of the Company's common stock. The Company also
retired 4,003,636 shares of treasury stock during fiscal 1996.
MS&Co. is a registered broker-dealer and a registered futures commission
merchant and, accordingly, is subject to the minimum net capital requirements of
the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), the New York Stock Exchange
("NYSE") and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. MS&Co. has consistently
operated in excess of these requirements with aggregate net capital, as defined,
totaling $1,357 million at November 30, 1996, which exceeded the amount required
by $1,055 million. MSIL, a London-based broker-dealer subsidiary, is subject to
the capital requirements of the Securities and Futures Authority, and MSJL, a
Tokyo-based broker-dealer, is subject to the capital requirements of the
Japanese Ministry of Finance. MSIL and MSJL have consistently operated in excess
of their respective regulatory capital requirements.
Certain other U.S. and non-U.S. subsidiaries are subject to various
securities, commodities and banking regulations, and capital adequacy
requirements promulgated by the regulatory and exchange authorities of the
countries in which they operate. These subsidiaries have consistently operated
in excess of their local capital adequacy requirements.
Advances, dividend payments and other equity withdrawals from MS&Co.,
MSIL, MSJL and other regulated subsidiaries are restricted by the regulations of
the SEC, NYSE and other regulatory agencies and by subordinated noteholders and
certain banks. Morgan Stanley Derivative Products Inc., the Company's triple-A
rated derivative products subsidiary, also has established certain operating
restrictions which have been reviewed by various rating agencies. At November
30, 1996, approximately $2,264 million of equity of the Company's subsidiaries
may be restricted as to the payment of dividends and advances.
Cumulative translation adjustments include gains or losses resulting from
translating foreign currency financial statements from their respective
functional currencies to U.S. dollars, net of hedge gains or losses and related
tax effects. The Company uses foreign currency contracts and designates certain
non-U.S. dollar currency debt as hedges to manage the currency exposure relating
to its net monetary investments in non-U.S. dollar functional currency
subsidiaries. Increases or decreases in the value of the Company's net foreign
investments generally are tax-deferred for U.S. purposes, but the related hedge
gains and losses are taxable currently. Therefore, the gross notional amounts of
the contracts and debt designated as hedges exceed the Company's net foreign
investments to result in effective hedging on an after-tax basis. The Company
attempts to protect its net book value from the effects of fluctuations in
currency exchange rates on its net monetary investments in non-U.S. dollar
subsidiaries by selling the appropriate non-U.S. dollar currency in the forward
market. However, under some circumstances, the Company may elect not to hedge
its net monetary investments in certain foreign operations due to market
conditions, including the availability of various currency contracts at
acceptable costs. Information relating to the
26
<PAGE>
hedging of the Company's net monetary investments in non-U.S. dollar functional
currency subsidiaries and their effects on cumulative translation adjustments is
summarized below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Nov. 30, Nov. 30,
(Dollars in Millions) 1996 1995
------ -------
<S> <C> <C>
Net investments in non-U.S. dollar functional
currency subsidiaries $1,279 $ 1,243
------ -------
Gross notional amounts of foreign exchange contracts
and non-U.S. dollar debt designated as hedges(1) $2,247 $ 2,082
------ -------
Cumulative translation adjustments resulting from
net investments in subsidiaries with a non-U.S.
dollar functional currency $ 100 $ 185
Cumulative translation adjustments resulting from
realized or unrealized gains or losses on hedges,
net of tax (111) (194)
------ -------
Total cumulative translation adjustments $ (11) $ (9)
------ -------
------ -------
</TABLE>
(1) Notional amounts represent the contractual currency amount translated at
respective fiscal year-end spot rates.
8 Employee Compensation Plans
The Company has adopted a variety of compensation plans for certain of its
employees. These plans are designed to facilitate a pay-for-performance policy,
provide compensation commensurate with other leading financial services industry
companies and provide for internal ownership in order to align the interests of
employees with the long-term interests of the Company's stockholders. The
following summarizes these plans:
EQUITY INCENTIVE COMPENSATION PLAN
Stock units representing employees' rights to receive unrestricted common shares
("Stock Units") are awarded annually to key employees; compensation expense for
all such awards (including those subject to forfeiture) amounted to $447
million, $157 million and $124 million for fiscal 1996, fiscal 1995 and fiscal
1994, respectively. Compensation expense for such awards was determined based on
the fair value of the Company's common stock (as defined in the plan). Stock
Units had been awarded pursuant to the 1988 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan.
On April 3, 1996, the Company's stockholders approved the 1995 Equity Incentive
Compensation Plan and Stock Unit awards subsequent to this date will be granted
under this plan only. For purposes of this footnote, the term "EICP" shall refer
collectively to the 1988 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan and the 1995 Equity
Incentive Compensation Plan.
Stock Units generally will convert to shares of the Company's common stock
within five or 10 years from grant (or earlier in the event of the holder's
death or retirement, as defined). Holders of Stock Units generally have all the
rights of a common stockholder, subject to restrictions on transfer of ownership
of the units for the five- or 10-year period. Holders of the Stock Units
generally will forfeit ownership only in certain limited situations, including
termination for cause during the restriction period. In addition, holders of the
Stock Units having a 10-year restriction period, which were awarded in respect
of services for fiscal years 1992 to 1995, and holders of Stock Units which were
awarded in respect of services for fiscal 1996, will generally forfeit ownership
of a portion of their Stock Units if their employment is terminated before the
end of the relevant restriction period.
27
<PAGE>
Activity related to Stock Units accrued pursuant to the EICP is as
follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
==================================================
Stock Units
--------------------------------------------------
Fiscal 1996 Fiscal 1995(1) Fiscal 1994(1)
--------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Outstanding at beginning of period 30,922,176 27,828,734 24,035,010
Awarded 7,540,581 3,776,284 4,515,630
Converted(2) (3,496,503) (395,122) (362,548)
Forfeited (437,306) (287,720) (359,358)
-------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at end of period 34,528,948 30,922,176 27,828,734
=================================================
</TABLE>
(1) Approximately 29% and 24% of the Stock Units awarded in fiscal 1995 and
fiscal 1994, respectively, were subject to a 10-year restriction period.
(2) Amounts represent Stock Units converted to unrestricted common shares.
On April 3, 1996, the Company's stockholders approved the reservation of
87,466,484 shares of common stock for awards under the EICP(including stock
options). At November 30, 1996, approximately 79,000,000 shares reserved for
future awards under the EICP remain (net of fiscal 1996 awards).
STOCK OPTION AWARDS
Prior to fiscal 1989, stock options had been awarded pursuant to the Company's
1986 Stock Option Plan which provided for the granting of stock options having
an exercise price not less than the fair value of the Company's common stock (as
defined in the plan) on the date of grant. Such options generally became
exercisable over a three-year period and expire 10 years from the date of the
grant. Since fiscal 1989, stock options have been awarded pursuant to the EICP.
Options awarded under the EICP are exercisable at a price equal to the fair
value of the Company's common stock (as defined in the plan) and will generally
expire seven years (for options awarded for fiscal 1993 service and prior) or 10
years (for options awarded for fiscal 1996, fiscal 1995 and fiscal 1994 service)
from grant.
The following table sets forth activity relating to the Company's stock
option awards:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fiscal 1996 Fiscal 1995 Fiscal 1994
Weighted Weighted Weighted
Average Average Average
Exercise Exercise Exercise
Shares Price Shares Price Shares Price
---------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Options outstanding at
beginning of period 21,433,120 $23.17 24,709,000 $21.82 14,493,848 $15.00
Granted 4,512,473 49.82 124,360 35.00 11,277,708 29.75
Exercised (4,283,950) 13.69 (3,215,456) 12.73 (991,056) 11.39
Forfeited (485,870) 38.15 (184,784) 31.52 (71,500) 37.33
---------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- -----------
Options outstanding at
end of period 21,175,773 30.43 21,433,120 23.17 24,709,000 21.82
---------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- -----------
---------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- -----------
Options exercisable at
end of period 11,725,504 $22.80 15,045,750 $20.44 18,274,658 $19.09
---------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- -----------
---------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- -----------
</TABLE>
28
<PAGE>
The following table presents information relating to stock options outstanding
at November 30, 1996:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WEIGHTED
AVERAGE
EXERCISE OPTIONS OPTIONS REMAINING
PRICE OUTSTANDING EXERCISABLE LIFE IN YEARS
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$10 - $19 4,799,206 4,799,206 1.1
$20 - $29 10,895,552 6,905,434 8.2
$30 - $39 1,138,358 -- 4.6
$40 - $49 4,178,954 20,864 6.1
$50 - $60 163,703 -- 8.7
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 21,175,773 11,725,504 6.0
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
The weighted average fair value at date of grant for options granted during
fiscal 1996 and fiscal 1995 was $14.99 and $11.49 per option, respectively. The
fair value of options at date of grant was estimated using the Black-Scholes
option pricing model utilizing the following weighted average assumptions:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FISCAL FISCAL
1996 1995
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Risk-free interest rate 5.5% 6.2%
Expected option life in years 5.3 6.6
Expected stock price volatility 27.5% 26.3%
Expected dividend yield 1.6% 1.9%
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
Had the Company elected to recognize compensation cost based on the fair value
of the options at the date of grant as prescribed by SFAS No. 123, fiscal 1996
net income, primary earnings per share and fully diluted earnings per share
would have been reduced by $43 million, $.27 per share and $.27 per share,
respectively. Fiscal 1995 net income, primary earnings per share and fully
diluted earnings per share would have been reduced by $1 million, $.01 per
share, and $.01 per share, respectively.
CAPITAL ACCUMULATION PLAN
Under the Capital Accumulation Plan ("CAP"), vested units consisting of
unsecured rights to receive payments based on notional interests in existing and
future risk-capital investments made directly or indirectly by the Company ("CAP
Units") are granted to key employees. The value of the CAP Units awarded for
services rendered in fiscal 1996, fiscal 1995 and fiscal 1994 was approximately
$7 million, $9 million and $14 million, respectively, all of which relate to
vested units.
CARRIED INTEREST PLANS
Under the Carried Interest Plans, certain key employees effectively participate
in a portion of the Company's realized gains from certain of its equity
investments in merchant banking transactions. Compensation expense for fiscal
1996, fiscal 1995 and fiscal 1994 related to these plans aggregated $0.2
million, $10 million and $24 million, respectively.
29
<PAGE>
REAL ESTATE FUND PLANS
On September 26, 1995, the Board of Directors approved the adoption of the
Morgan Stanley Real Estate Compensation Plan and the Morgan Stanley Real Estate
Profits Participation Plan. Under these plans, select employees and consultants
may participate in certain gains realized by the Company's real estate funds.
Compensation expense relating to these plans aggregated $13 million and $9
million for fiscal 1996 and fiscal 1995, respectively.
The Company also has established a worldwide profit sharing plan and an
employee stock ownership plan for the benefit of substantially all its U.S.
employees. The following summarizes these plans:
PROFIT SHARING PLAN
The Company sponsors a qualified non-contributory profit sharing plan covering
substantially all its U.S. employees and also provides cash payment of profit
sharing to employees of its international subsidiaries. Contributions are made
at the discretion of management based upon the financial performance of the
Company. Total profit sharing expense for fiscal 1996, fiscal 1995 and fiscal
1994 (excluding Company contributions to the Employee Stock Ownership Plan,
which increased in fiscal 1995) was $30 million, $10 million and $23 million,
respectively.
EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP PLAN
In July 1990, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the establishment of a
$140 million leveraged employee stock ownership plan, funded through an
independently managed trust. The Morgan Stanley Group Inc. and Subsidiaries
Employee Stock Ownership Plan ("ESOP") was established to broaden internal
ownership of the Company and to provide benefits to its employees in a
cost-effective manner. Each of the 3,699,302 preferred shares outstanding at
November 30, 1996 is held by the ESOP trust, is convertible into two shares of
the Company's common stock and is entitled to annual dividends of $2.78 per
preferred share. The ESOP trust funded its stock purchase through a loan of $140
million from the Company. The ESOP trust note, due September 19, 2010
(extendable at the option of the ESOP trust to September 19, 2015), bears a
10-3/8% interest rate per annum with principal payable without penalty on or
before the due date. The ESOP trust expects to make principal and interest
payments on the note from funds provided by dividends on the shares of
convertible preferred stock and contributions from the Company. The note
receivable from the ESOP trust is reflected as a reduction in the Company's
stockholders' equity. Shares allocated to employees generally may not be
withdrawn until the employee's death, disability, retirement or termination.
Upon withdrawal, each share of ESOP preferred stock generally will be converted
into two shares of the Company's common stock. If the fair value of such two
common shares at conversion is less than the $35.88 liquidation value of an ESOP
preferred share, the Company will pay the withdrawing employee the difference in
additional common shares or cash.
Contributions to the ESOP by the Company and allocation of ESOP shares to
employees are made annually at the discretion of the Board of Directors. The
cost of shares allocated to participants' accounts amounted to $9 million in
fiscal 1996, $11 million in fiscal 1995 and $10 million in fiscal 1994. The ESOP
debt service costs for fiscal 1996, fiscal 1995 and fiscal 1994 were paid from
dividends received on preferred stock held by the plan and from Company
contributions.
9 Employee Benefit Plans
The Company sponsors various pension plans for the majority of its
worldwide employees. It provides certain other postretirement benefits,
primarily health care and life insurance, to eligible employees. The Company
also provides certain benefits to former or inactive employees prior to
retirement. The following summarizes these plans:
PENSION PLANS
Substantially all of the U.S. employees of the Company and its U.S. affiliates
are covered by a non-contributory
30
<PAGE>
pension plan that is qualified under Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code
(the "Qualified Plan"). Two unfunded supplementary plans (the "Supplemental
Plans") cover certain executives. In addition to the Qualified Plan and the
Supplemental Plans (collectively, the "U.S. Plans"), the Company maintains a
separate pension plan which covers substantially all employees of the Company's
U.K. subsidiaries (the "U.K. Plan"). Eight other international subsidiaries also
have pension plans covering substantially all of their employees. These pension
plans generally provide pension benefits that are based on each employee's years
of credited service and compensation during the final years of employment. The
Company's policy is to fund the accrued cost of the Qualified Plan, the U.K.
Plan and the other international plans currently. Liabilities for benefits
payable under the Supplemental Plans are accrued by the Company and are funded
when paid to the beneficiaries.
During fiscal 1996, the benefit structure of the U.K. Plan was changed
from a defined benefit plan to a defined contribution plan. Under the defined
contribution plan, benefits are determined by the purchasing power of the
accumulated value of contributions paid. Under the defined benefit plan,
benefits were expressed as a proportion of earnings at or near retirement based
on years of service. In fiscal 1996, the Company's expense related to the
defined contribution U.K. Plan was $3 million.
Pension expense for fiscal 1996, fiscal 1995 and fiscal 1994 includes the
following components:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS) FISCAL 1996 FISCAL 1995 FISCAL 1994
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. Plans
Service cost, benefits earned during the period $ 10 $ 6 $ 8
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation 15 11 11
Return on plan assets (36) (34) 1
Difference between actual and expected return on assets 20 22 (15)
Net amortization (3) (3) (3)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total U.S. Plans 6 2 2
U.K. Plan
Service cost, benefits earned during the period 6 6 6
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation 3 3 2
Return on plan assets (4) (5) -
Difference between actual and expected return on assets 1 2 (3)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total U.K. Plan 6 6 5
Other international plans 6 5 5
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total pension expense $ 18 $ 13 $ 12
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
The following table provides the assumptions used in determining the projected
benefit obligation for the U.S. Plans and the U.K. Plan as of November 30, 1996
and November 30, 1995:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOVEMBER 30, 1996 NOVEMBER 30, 1995
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. PLANS U.K. PLAN U.S. PLANS U.K. PLAN
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Weighted average discount rate 7.75% 9.0% 7.5% 9.0%
Rate of increase in future compensation levels 5.0% 7.0% 5.0% 7.0%
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets 9.0% 9.0% 9.0% 9.0%
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
31
<PAGE>
The following table sets forth the funded status of the U.S. Plans and the U.K.
Plan as of November 30, 1996 and November 30, 1995:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOVEMBER 30, 1996 NOVEMBER 30, 1995
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. PLANS U.K. PLAN U.S. PLANS U.K. PLAN
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
QUALIFIED SUPPLEMENTAL QUALIFIED SUPPLEMENTAL
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS) PLAN PLANS PLAN PLANS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Actuarial present value of
vested benefit obligation $ (112) $(28) $ (59) $(100) $(24) $ (31)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accumulated benefit obligation $ (123) $(49) $ (61) $(112) $(44) $ (31)
Effect of future salary increases (32) (17) -- (33) (16) (8)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Projected benefit obligation (155) (66) (61) (145) (60) (39)
Plan assets at fair market
value (primarily listed
stocks and bonds) 219 -- 58 192 -- 43
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Projected benefit obligation
less than or (in excess of)
plan assets 64 (66) (3) 47 (60) 4
Unrecognized net (gain) or loss (28) 11 -- (3) 9 (13)
Unrecognized prior service cost (1) (1) -- (1) (1) --
Unrecognized net (asset)
obligation at January 1, 1987,
net of amortization (9) 4 -- (13) 5 --
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prepaid (accrued) pension
cost at fiscal year-end $ 26 $(52) $ (3) $ 30 $(47) $ (9)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS
The Company's obligation for certain postretirement benefits provided to
eligible employees is accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 106, "Employers
Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions."
The net postretirement benefit cost consists of the following components:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS) FISCAL 1996 FISCAL 1995 FISCAL 1994
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Service cost of benefits earned during the period $ 1 $1 $ 2
Interest cost on accumulated postretirement benefit obligation 2 2 2
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net postretirement benefit cost $ 3 $3 $ 4
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
32
<PAGE>
The following table provides information on the status of the Company's
postretirement benefit plans as of November 30, 1996 and November 30, 1995:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOV. 30 NOV. 30
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS) 1996 1995
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation:
Retirees $(17) $(13)
Fully eligible active plan participants (4) (5)
Other active plan participants (12) (17)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (33) (35)
Unrecognized net loss 1 7
Unrecognized prior service cost 1 --
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accrued postretirement benefit cost $(31) $(28)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
The accumulated postretirement benefit obligation was determined by utilizing a
discount rate of 7.75% at November 30, 1996 and 7.5% at November 30, 1995, and
by applying the provisions of the Company's medical plans, the established
maximums and sharing of costs, the relevant actuarial assumptions and the health
care cost trend rates which are projected at 8.0% and which grade down to 5.9%
in 2001 and decrease further to 4.9% in 2007.
The effect of a 1% change in the assumed cost trend rate would change the
accumulated postretirement benefit obligation by approximately $5 million as of
November 30, 1996 and would change the net periodic postretirement benefit cost
by $1 million for fiscal 1996.
POSTEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS
Effective February 1, 1994, the Company adopted SFAS No. 112, "Employers'
Accounting for Postemployment Benefits." Among its provisions, SFAS No. 112
establishes accounting standards for employers who provide benefits to former or
inactive employees after employment but before retirement. Postemployment
benefits include, but are not limited to, salary continuation, supplemental
unemployment benefits, severance benefits, disability-related benefits, and
continuation of benefits such as health care benefits and life insurance
coverage. The effect of the adoption of SFAS No. 112 was not material to the
Company's fiscal 1996, fiscal 1995 or fiscal 1994 Consolidated Financial
Statements.
10 Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes consists of:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FISCAL FISCAL FISCAL
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS) 1996 1995 1994
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Current:
U.S. federal $ 500 $ 180 $ 165
U.S. state and local 209 103 142
Non-U.S. 177 111 20
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
886 394 327
------ ----- ------
Deferred:
U.S. federal (249) (40) (75)
U.S. state and local (68) (33) (64)
Non-U.S. (26) (38) 11
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(343) (111) (128)
------ ----- ------
Provision for income taxes $ 543 $ 283 $ 199
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
33
<PAGE>
The following table reconciles the provision to the U.S. federal statutory
income tax rate:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FISCAL FISCAL FISCAL
1996 1995 1994
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. federal statutory income tax rate 35.0% 35.0% 35.0%
U.S. state and local income taxes, net of
U.S. federal income tax benefits 5.9 5.1 8.5
Lower tax rates applicable to
non-U.S. earnings (3.4) (8.6) (9.1)
Reduced tax rate applied to dividends (0.3) (0.5) (0.6)
Other (2.7) 1.0 (0.3)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Effective income tax rate 34.5% 32.0% 33.5%
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
Lower tax rates applicable to non-U.S. earnings include the benefit of foreign
tax credits utilized against U.S. federal income taxes. The Company intends to
permanently reinvest earnings of international subsidiaries or repatriate such
earnings only when it is tax effective to do so. U.S. federal income taxes that
would be payable upon repatriation are estimated to be $487 million. Under SFAS
No. 109, deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary
differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and
liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be
in effect when such differences are expected to reverse. Significant components
of the Company's deferred tax assets and liabilities as of November 30, 1996 and
November 30, 1995 are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOV. 30, NOV. 30,
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS) 1996 1995
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Deferred tax assets:
Employee compensation and benefit plans $778 $ 585
Accrued expenses not yet deductible
for tax purposes 14 21
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total deferred tax assets 792 606
Deferred tax liabilities:
Valuation of inventory, investments and receivables 42 245
Depreciation and amortization 29 28
Fund distribution costs 56 --
Other 33 31
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total deferred tax liabilities 160 304
Net deferred tax assets $632 $ 302
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
34
<PAGE>
The Company's income tax provision excludes currency hedging-related income tax
provisions of $72 million and $3 million in fiscal 1996 and fiscal 1995,
respectively, as well as an income tax benefit of $72 million in fiscal 1994,
credited directly to the cumulative translation adjustments component of
consolidated stockholders' equity. Also not included in the Company's income tax
provision are income tax benefits of $81 million in fiscal 1996, $38 million in
fiscal 1995 and $9 million in fiscal 1994, attributable to the vesting of Stock
Unit awards and the exercise of stock options, credited directly to paid-in
capital; and $3 million in fiscal 1996, $3 million in fiscal 1995 and $4 million
in fiscal 1994, attributable to ESOP dividends, credited directly to retained
earnings.
11 Geographic Area Data
The Company's business activities are highly integrated and constitute a single
industry segment for purposes of SFAS No. 14, "Financial Reporting for Segments
of a Business Enterprise." Total revenues, net revenues, income before taxes and
identifiable assets of the Company's operations by geographic area are as
follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL REVENUES NET REVENUES
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FISCAL FISCAL FISCAL FISCAL FISCAL FISCAL
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS) 1996 1995 1994 1996 1995 1994
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
International
Europe $ 5,616 $ 3,856 $ 3,942 $1,429 $ 1,018 $ 776
Asia 768 649 603 699 565 475
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 6,384 4,505 4,545 2,128 1,583 1,251
North America 15,207 8,553 8,332 3,947 2,264 2,516
Eliminations (8,447) (3,934) (3,501) (299) (224) (266)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $ 13,144 $ 9,124 $ 9,376 $5,776 $ 3,623 $ 3,501
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
INCOME BEFORE TAXES IDENTIFIABLE ASSETS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FISCAL FISCAL FISCAL FISCAL FISCAL FISCAL
1996 1995 1994 1996 1995 1994
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
International
Europe $ 328 $262 $ 11 $ 113,734 $ 85,393 $ 65,110
Asia 161 186 56 21,561 17,363 18,413
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 489 448 67 135,295 102,756 83,523
North America 1,083 435 527 200,096 139,801 120,360
Eliminations -- -- -- (138,945) (98,804) (87,189)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $1,572 $883 $594 $ 196,446 $143,753 $116,694
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
Because of the international nature of the financial markets and the resulting
geographic integration of the Company's business, the Company manages its
business with a view to the profitability of the enterprise as a whole, and, as
such, profitability by geographic area is not necessarily meaningful.
35
<PAGE>
12 Acquisitions
In the first quarter of fiscal 1996, the Company completed its purchase of MAS,
an institutional investment manager, for $350 million, payable in a combination
of cash, notes and common stock of the Company. The Company's fiscal 1996
results include the results of MAS since January 3, 1996, the date of
acquisition.
In the fourth quarter of fiscal 1996, the Company completed its purchase
of VKAC for $1.175 billion. The consideration for the purchase of the equity of
VKAC consisted of cash and approximately $26 million of preferred securities
issued by one of the Company's subsidiaries and exchangeable into common stock
of the Company. The Company's fiscal 1996 results include the results of VKAC
since October 31, 1996, the date of acquisition.
Subsequent to November 30, 1996, the Company announced that it had reached
an agreement with Barclays PLC ("Barclays") to acquire its institutional global
custody business for consideration to be fixed over a period of time. The
transaction involves approximately $250 billion of assets currently administered
by Barclays, and the combination of Barclays with the Company's global custody
business would have increased the Company's assets under administration at
November 30, 1996 to approximately $394 billion on a pro forma basis (assuming
that current clients of Barclays agree to become clients of the Company).
Barclays has agreed to provide global subcustodial services to the Company for a
period of time after completion of the acquisition. The acquisition is expected
to be completed during the second quarter of fiscal 1997.
13 Announced Merger with Dean Witter, Discover & Co. (Unaudited)
On February 5, 1997, the Company and Dean Witter, Discover & Co. ("DWD")
announced a definitive agreement to merge. The combined company would be a
pre-eminent global financial services firm with a market capitalization of
approximately $21 billion (as of the merger announcement date) and with leading
market positions in the securities, asset management and credit services
businesses. Under the terms of the agreement unanimously approved by the Boards
of both companies, each of the Company's common shares will be exchanged for
1.65 DWD common shares.
The transaction, which is expected to be completed in mid-1997, is
intended to be accounted for as a pooling of interests and is subject to
customary closing conditions, including certain regulatory approvals and the
approval of shareholders of both companies. Pursuant to the pooling of interests
method of accounting, prior to the time of closing each company will formally
rescind any stock repurchase authorizations existing at that time. Prior to such
rescissions, both companies may continue to repurchase stock in the open market
subject to the aggregate limitations imposed by the pooling of interests method.
The following table sets forth certain pro forma combined selected
financial data giving effect to the merger under the pooling of interests method
of accounting. The amounts presented below have been prepared by combining the
Company's financial data for fiscal 1996, the twelve months ended November 30,
1995 and November 30, 1994 with DWD's financial data for
36
<PAGE>
the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994, respectively. The pro forma
combined primary and fully diluted earnings per common share for the respective
periods presented is based on the combined weighted average number of common
shares and share equivalents of the Company and DWD. The number of common shares
and share equivalents of the Company is based on an exchange ratio of 1.65
shares of DWD common shares for each issued and outstanding share and share
equivalent of the Company.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Unaudited, Dollars in Millions Except Per Share Amounts) 1996 1995 1994
------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
INCOME STATEMENT DATA(1)
Net revenues $ 12,006 $ 9,798 $ 8,612
Income before income taxes 3,117 2,292 1,962
Net income 1,980 1,465 1,257
Primary earnings per share 3.22 2.30 1.96
Fully diluted earnings per share 3.14 2.25 1.93
BALANCE SHEET DATA (AT END OF PERIOD)(2)
Total assets $ 238,860
Total liabilities 227,158
Total equity 11,702
------------------------------------
</TABLE>
(1) The income statement data presented in this table exclude the effect of
(i) the positive effects of potential increased revenues or operating
synergies which may be achieved upon combining the resources of the
companies, (ii) investment banking, legal and miscellaneous transaction
costs of the merger, which will be reflected as an expense in the period
the merger is consummated, and (iii) costs associated with the integration
and consolidation of the companies which are not presently estimable.
(2) Pro forma balances for 1996 represent the Company's balance sheet amounts
at November 30, 1996 combined with DWD's balance sheet amounts at December
31, 1996.
37
<PAGE>
14 Quarterly Results (Unaudited)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiscal 1996
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
Ended Ended Ended Ended
(Dollars in Millions, Feb. 29, May 31, Aug. 31, Nov. 30,
Except Share Data) 1996 1996 1996 1996
------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues:
Investment banking $ 399 $ 542 $ 431 $ 572
Principal transactions:
Trading 704 565 427 514
Investments (7) 38 29 26
Commissions 154 159 148 152
Interest and dividends 1,933 1,946 2,144 1,678
Asset management
and administration 122 143 137 180
Other 3 _ _ 5
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total revenues 3,308 3,393 3,316 3,127
Interest expense 1,859 1,865 2,029 1,615
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net revenues 1,449 1,528 1,287 1,512
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Expenses excluding interest:
Compensation and benefits 705 750 645 763
Occupancy and equipment 86 86 89 101
Brokerage, clearing and
exchange fees 66 68 65 75
Communications 33 34 38 41
Business development 37 42 37 54
Professional services 42 53 58 73
Other 40 39 40 44
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total expenses
excluding interest 1,009 1,072 972 1,151
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income
taxes 440 456 315 361
Provision for income taxes 167 155 96 125
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 273 $ 301 $ 219 $ 236
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Earnings applicable to
common shares(2) $ 257 $ 284 $ 204 $ 218
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Per common share(3):
Primary earnings(4) $ 1.64 $ 1.83 $ 1.32 $ 1.43
Fully diluted earnings(4) $ 1.57 $ 1.75 $ 1.27 $ 1.36
Cash dividends $ 0.175 $ 0.175 $ 0.175 $ 0.175
Book value $ 28.34 $ 29.73 $ 30.78 $ 35.03
Average common and
equivalent shares(2)(3) 156,549,243 155,143,633 154,034,233 153,234,429
Stock price range(3)(5) $39 1/8-52 1/2 $ 46-53 1/2 $42 1/8-54 1/4 $47 1/4-60 1/4
------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fiscal 1995(1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Month Quarter Quarter Quarter
Ended Ended Ended Ended
(Dollars in Millions, Feb. 28, May 31, Aug. 31, Nov. 30,
Except Share Data) 1995 1995 1995 1995
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues:
Investment banking $ 80 $ 273 $ 355 $ 503
Principal transactions:
Trading 114 438 352 218
Investments - (6) 69 39
Commissions 37 131 130 139
Interest and dividends 588 1,742 1,899 1,710
Asset management
and administration 31 88 96 95
Other 1 1 1 _
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total revenues 851 2,667 2,902 2,704
Interest expense 558 1,656 1,751 1,536
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net revenues 293 1,011 1,151 1,168
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Expenses excluding interest:
Compensation and benefits 138 475 575 607
Occupancy and equipment 27 80 84 85
Brokerage, clearing and
exchange fees 20 66 64 61
Communications 11 34 31 32
Business development 14 34 30 32
Professional services 14 40 37 40
Other 11 31 32 35
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total expenses
excluding interest 235 760 853 892
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income
taxes 58 251 298 276
Provision for income taxes 20 85 89 89
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 38 $ 166 $ 209 $ 187
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Earnings applicable to
common shares(2) $ 33 $ 150 $ 192 $ 171
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Per common share(3):
Primary earnings(4) $ 0.22 $ 0.95 $ 1.23 $ 1.08
Fully diluted earnings(4) $ 0.21 $ 0.91 $ 1.17 $ 1.04
Cash dividends $ - $ 0.16 $ 0.16 $ 0.16
Book value $ 24.13 $ 25.19 $ 26.34 $ 28.18
Average common and
equivalent shares(2)(3) 154,037,668 157,595,614 157,236,918 158,415,826
Stock price range(3)(5) $30 7/16-33 11/16 $33 1/16-39 13/16 $37 15/16-43 7/16 $41 7/8-49 3/4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
(1) Fiscal 1995's quarterly periods reflect the change in the Company's fiscal
year-end (see Note 1). Since fiscal 1995 consists of the 10-month period
from February 1, 1995 to November 30, 1995, the first quarter consists
only of the results for the month ended February 28, 1995.
(2) Amounts shown are used to calculate primary earnings per share.
(3) Fiscal 1995 amounts have been retroactively adjusted to give effect for a
two-for-one stock split, effected in the form of a 100% stock dividend,
which became effective on January 26, 1996.
(4) Summation of the quarters' earnings per common share does not equal the
annual amounts due to the averaging effect of the number of shares and
share equivalents throughout the year.
(5) Prices represent the range of sales per share on the New York Stock
Exchange for the periods indicated. The number of stockholders
of record at November 30, 1996 approximated 1,490. The number of
beneficial owners of common stock is believed to exceed this number.
38
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 99.2
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MORGAN STANLEY, DEAN WITTER, DISCOVER & CO.
The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of financial
condition combines the historical consolidated balance sheet of Dean Witter,
Discover and Co. ("DWD") and the historical consolidated statement of financial
condition of Morgan Stanley Group Inc. ("Morgan Stanley") giving effect to the
Merger as though it had been consummated on the date of such statement after
giving effect to the pro forma adjustments described in the notes to the pro
forma condensed combined financial statements. The following unaudited pro forma
condensed combined statements of income combines the historical consolidated
statements of income of DWD and Morgan Stanley giving effect to the Merger,
which is intended to be accounted for as a pooling of interests after giving
effect to the pro forma adjustments described in the notes to the pro forma
condensed combined financial statements. This information should be read in
conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and other
financial information contained in DWD's Audited Consolidated Financial
Statements for the year ended December 31, 1996, and Related Disclosures,
contained in DWD's Current Report on Form 8-K on February 27, 1997, including
the notes thereto and the audited consolidated financial statements and other
financial information contained in Morgan Stanley's Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the fiscal year ended November 30, 1996, including the notes thereto. These
unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements are not necessarily
indicative of the operating results and financial position that might have been
achieved had the merger occurred as of the beginning of the earliest period
presented nor are they necessarily indicative of operating results and financial
position which may occur in the future.
<PAGE>
MORGAN STANLEY, DEAN WITTER, DISCOVER & CO.
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
(IN MILLIONS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DWD Morgan Stanley
Historical Historical Pro Forma Pro Forma
December 31, 1996 November 30, 1996 Adjustments (a) Combined
------------------------------------------------ ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents $1,999 $4,545 $6,544
Cash and securities deposited with clearing organizations
or segregated under federal and other regulations 2,045 3,164 5,209
Financial instruments owned:
U.S. government and agency securities 951 11,079 12,030
Other sovereign government obligations 0 19,473 19,473
Corporate and other debt 923 15,978 16,901
Corporate equities 40 12,622 12,662
Derivative contracts 0 11,220 11,220
Physical commodities 0 375 375
Securities purchased under agreements to resell 3,564 60,457 64,021
Securities borrowed 3,866 39,680 43,546
Receivables:
Consumer loans (net of allowances of $815) 22,373 0 22,373
Customers, net 2,839 5,761 8,600
Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations 0 5,421 5,421
Fees, interest and other 805 2,065 2,870
Other assets 3,009 4,606 7,615
------------------------------------------------ ----------
Total assets $42,414 $196,446 $238,860
------------------------------------------------ ----------
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings $5,865 $20,461 $26,326
Deposits 7,213 0 7,213
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
U.S. government and agency securities 1,199 10,196 11,395
Other sovereign government obligations 0 6,513 6,513
Corporate and other debt 64 1,112 1,176
Corporate equities 11 8,889 8,900
Derivative contracts 0 9,982 9,982
Physical commodities 0 476 476
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase 3,567 83,296 86,863
Securities loaned 3,932 8,975 12,907
Payables:
Customers 3,433 18,629 22,062
Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations 0 1,820 1,820
Interest and dividends 200 1,478 1,678
Other liabilities and accrued expenses 3,622 2,718 6,340
Long-term borrowings 8,144 14,498 22,642
------------------------------------------------ ----------
37,250 189,043 226,293
------------------------------------------------ ----------
Capital Units 0 865 865
------------------------------------------------ ----------
Commitments and contingencies
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
MORGAN STANLEY, DEAN WITTER, DISCOVER & CO.
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
(IN MILLIONS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DWD Morgan Stanley
Historical Historical Pro Forma Pro Forma
December 31, 1996 November 30, 1996 Adjustments (a) Combined
----------------------------------------------------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock 0 1,223 1,223
Common stock (1) 3 163 (160) (b) 6
Paid-in capital (1) 2,703 1,144 160 (b) 4,007
Retained earnings 2,973 4,504 (407) (b) 7,070
Cumulative translation adjustments 0 (11) (11)
-------------------------------------------------- ----------
Subtotal 5,679 7,023 (407) 12,295
Less:
Stock compensation related deductions (83) 78 (5)
Common stock held in treasury, at cost 598 407 (407) (b) 598
-------------------------------------------------- ----------
Total stockholders' equity 5,164 6,538 0 11,702
-------------------------------------------------- ----------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $42,414 $196,446 $0 $238,860
-------------------------------------------------- ----------
</TABLE>
(1) DWD historical amounts have been restated to reflect a two-for-one stock
split which became effective January 14, 1997.
See Notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements
<PAGE>
MORGAN STANLEY, DEAN WITTER, DISCOVER & CO.
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF INCOME
(IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DWD Morgan Stanley
Historical Historical
Twelve Months Twelve Months
Ended Ended Pro Forma
December 31, 1996 November 30, 1996 Combined
------------------------------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues:
Investment banking $246 $1,944 $2,190
Principal transactions:
Trading 449 2,210 2,659
Investments 0 86 86
Commissions 1,163 613 1,776
Merchant and cardmember fees 1,506 0 1,506
Servicing fees 819 0 819
Interest and dividends 3,587 7,701 11,288
Asset management and administration 1,150 582 1,732
Other 108 8 116
-------------------------------- ------------
Total revenues 9,028 13,144 22,172
Interest expense 1,566 7,368 8,934
Provision for losses on credit receivables 1,232 0 1,232
-------------------------------- ------------
Net revenues 6,230 5,776 12,006
-------------------------------- ------------
Expenses excluding interest:
Compensation and benefits 2,208 2,863 5,071
Occupancy and equipment 256 237 493
Brokerage, clearing and exchange fees 43 274 317
Information processing and communications 725 271 996
Business development 857 170 1,027
Professional services 108 226 334
Other 488 163 651
-------------------------------- ------------
Total expenses excluding interest 4,685 4,204 8,889
-------------------------------- ------------
Income before income taxes 1,545 1,572 3,117
Provision for income taxes 594 543 1,137
-------------------------------- ------------
Net income $951 $1,029 $1,980
-------------------------------- ------------
Preferred stock dividend requirements 0 66 66
-------------------------------- ------------
Earnings applicable to common shares (1) $951 $963 $1,914
-------------------------------- ------------
Average common and common equivalent
shares outstanding (1) (2) 341,179,638 153,514,483 594,478,535
Primary earnings per share (2) $2.79 $6.27 $3.22
Fully diluted earnings per share (2) $2.77 $5.96 $3.14
</TABLE>
(1) Amounts shown are used to calculate primary earnings per share.
(2) DWD historical share and per share amounts have been restated to reflect a
two-for-one stock split which became effective January 14, 1997.
See Notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements
<PAGE>
MORGAN STANLEY, DEAN WITTER, DISCOVER & CO.
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF INCOME
(IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DWD Morgan Stanley
Historical Historical
Twelve Months Twelve Months
Ended Ended Pro Forma
December 31, 1995 November 30, 1995 Combined
-------------------------------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues:
Investment banking $ 182 $ 1,374 $ 1,556
Principal transactions:
Trading 479 1,206 1,685
Investments 0 121 121
Commissions 1,023 510 1,533
Merchant and cardmember fees 1,135 0 1,135
Servicing fees 697 0 697
Interest and dividends 3,319 7,211 10,530
Asset management and administration 1,007 370 1,377
Other 93 5 98
-------------------------------------- ------------
Total revenues 7,935 10,797 18,732
Interest expense 1,515 6,675 8,190
Provision for losses on credit receivables 744 0 744
-------------------------------------- ------------
Net revenues 5,676 4,122 9,798
-------------------------------------- ------------
Expenses excluding interest:
Compensation and benefits 1,982 2,023 4,005
Occupancy and equipment 235 219 454
Brokerage, clearing and exchange fees 42 247 289
Information processing and communications 646 243 889
Business development 735 139 874
Professional services 85 161 246
Other 555 135 690
Relocation charge 0 59 59
-------------------------------------- ------------
Total expenses excluding interest 4,280 3,226 7,506
-------------------------------------- ------------
Income before income taxes 1,396 896 2,292
Provision for income taxes 540 287 827
-------------------------------------- ------------
Net income $ 856 $ 609 $ 1,465
-------------------------------------- ------------
Preferred stock dividend requirements 0 65 65
-------------------------------------- ------------
Earnings applicable to common shares (1) $ 856 $ 544 $ 1,400
-------------------------------------- ------------
Average common and common equivalent
shares outstanding (1) (2) (3) 350,725,970 156,073,008 608,246,433
Primary earnings per share (2) (3) $2.44 $3.49 $2.30
Fully diluted earnings per share (2) (3) $2.44 $3.33 $2.25
</TABLE>
(1) Amounts shown are used to calculate primary earnings per share.
(2) DWD historical share and per share amounts have been restated to reflect a
two-for-one stock split which became effective January 14, 1997.
(3) All Morgan Stanley historical share and per share amounts have been
retroactively adjusted to give effect for a two-for-one stock split,
effected in the form of a 100% stock dividend, which became effective on
January 26, 1996.
See Notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements
<PAGE>
MORGAN STANLEY, DEAN WITTER, DISCOVER & CO.
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF INCOME
(IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DWD Morgan Stanley
Historical Historical
Twelve Months Twelve Months
Ended Ended Pro Forma
December 31, 1994 November 30, 1994 Combined
-------------------------------------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues:
Investment banking $ 198 $ 904 $ 1,102
Principal transactions:
Trading 422 1,192 1,614
Investments 0 154 154
Commissions 874 449 1,323
Merchant and cardmember fees 940 0 940
Servicing fees 586 0 586
Interest and dividends 2,507 6,208 8,715
Asset management and administration 973 344 1,317
Other 102 4 106
-------------------------------------- --------------
Total revenues 6,602 9,255 15,857
Interest expense 1,048 5,649 6,697
Provision for losses on credit receivables 548 0 548
-------------------------------------- --------------
Net revenues 5,006 3,606 8,612
-------------------------------------- --------------
Expenses excluding interest:
Compensation and benefits 1,764 1,771 3,535
Occupancy and equipment 228 193 421
Brokerage, clearing and exchange fees 45 231 276
Information processing and communications 552 215 767
Business development 607 166 773
Professional services 85 159 244
Other 510 124 634
-------------------------------------- --------------
Total expenses excluding interest 3,791 2,859 6,650
-------------------------------------- --------------
Income before income taxes 1,215 747 1,962
Provision for income taxes 474 231 705
-------------------------------------- --------------
Net income $ 741 $ 516 $ 1,257
-------------------------------------- --------------
Preferred stock dividend requirements 0 65 65
-------------------------------------- --------------
Earnings applicable to common shares (1) $ 741 $ 451 $ 1,192
-------------------------------------- --------------
Average common and common equivalent
shares outstanding (1) (2) (3) 346,717,026 157,578,446 606,721,462
Primary earnings per share (2) (3) $2.14 $2.86 $1.96
Fully diluted earnings per share (2) (3) $2.14 $2.75 $1.93
</TABLE>
(1) Amounts shown are used to calculate primary earnings per share.
(2) DWD historical share and per share amounts have been restated to
reflect a two-for-one stock split which became effective January 14, 1997.
(3) All Morgan Stanley historical share and per share amounts have been
retroactively adjusted to give effect for a two-for-one stock split,
effected in the form of a 100% stock dividend, which became effective on
January 26, 1996.
See Notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements
<PAGE>
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note (a): Basis of Presentation
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of financial condition
combines the historical consolidated balance sheet of DWD at December
31, 1996 with the historical consolidated statement of financial condition of
Morgan Stanley at November 30, 1996. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined
statements of income combine the historical consolidated statements of income of
DWD for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 with the
historical consolidated statements of income of Morgan Stanley for the fiscal
year ended November 30, 1996, and the twelve months ended November 30, 1995 and
1994 (recast to reflect a twelve month presentation). Certain amounts reflected
in the historical financial statement presentations of both companies have been
reclassified to conform to the unaudited pro forma condensed combined
presentation.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements exclude the
effect of (i) the positive effects of potential increased revenues or operating
synergies which may be achieved upon combining the resources of the companies
(ii) investment banking, legal and miscellaneous transaction costs of the
Merger, which will be reflected as an expense in the period the Merger is
consummated, and (iii) costs associated with the integration and consolidation
of the companies which are not presently estimable.
Transactions between DWD and Morgan Stanley are not material in relation
to the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements and
therefore, intercompany balances have not been eliminated from the pro forma
combined amounts. DWD and Morgan Stanley are in the process of
reviewing their respective accounting policies and do not expect there to be any
significant adjustments necessary in order to conform such policies.
In January 1997, DWD acquired Lombard Brokerage, Inc. which was
accounted for as a purchase transaction. During 1996, Morgan Stanley acquired
Miller Anderson & Sherrerd, LLP and Van Kampen American Capital, Inc., both
accounted for as purchase transactions. Subsequent to fiscal 1996 year-end,
Morgan Stanley announced that it had reached an agreement with Barclays PLC to
acquire its institutional global custody business. No pro forma effect has been
given to these transactions as the effect is not material.
<PAGE>
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note (b): Pro Forma Adjustments
The pro forma adjustments to common stock, paid-in capital and retained earnings
accounts at December 31, 1996 reflect (i) an exchange of 153.3 million shares
of common stock, par value $1.00 per share of Morgan Stanley for 253.0 million
shares (using the exchange ratio of 1.65) of common stock, par value $.01 per
share of DWD and (ii) the cancellation and retirement of all shares of
Morgan Stanley common stock held in treasury. The number of shares of DWD
common stock to be issued at consummation of the Merger will be based
upon the actual number of shares of Morgan Stanley common stock outstanding at
that time.
Note (c): Pro Forma Earnings Per Share
The pro forma combined primary and fully diluted earnings per common share for
the respective periods presented are based on the combined weighted average
number of common shares and share equivalents of DWD and Morgan Stanley.
The number of common shares and share equivalents of Morgan Stanley is based on
an exchange ratio of 1.65 shares of DWD common shares for each issued
and outstanding share and share equivalent of Morgan Stanley.
