U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-KSB
(Mark One)
[X] ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from _____ to _____
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 001-12711
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
CALIFORNIA 3679 94-1721931
(State or other jurisdiction of (Primary Standard Industrial (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Classification Code) Identification No.)
41920 Christy Street, Fremont, California 94538-3158; 510-657-2635
(Address and telephone number of principal executive offices)
Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:
TITLE OF EACH CLASS NAME OF EACH EXCHANGE ON WHICH REGISTERED
Common Stock American Stock Exchange
Redeemable Common Stock
Purchase Warrants American Stock Exchange
Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act:
TITLE OF EACH CLASS
None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes * . No .
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405
of Regulation S-B is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-KSB or any amendment to
this Form 10-KSB. [*]
Revenues for the year ended December 31, 1997 were $18,884,259.
As of March 16, 1998, the aggregate market value of the voting common stock
held by non-affiliates was $15,366,897 based on the average bid and ask price
of $5.69 per share.
As of March 16, 1998, the number of shares of common stock outstanding was
2,700,685.
Documents incorporated by reference: Items 9 through 12 of Part III of this
Form 10-KSB are incorporated by reference to Digital's definitive Proxy
Statement for the 1998 annual shareholders' meeting to be filed with the
Commission within 120 days from the end of the year.
Transitional Small Business Disclosure Format (check one): Yes . No * .
Exhibit index is located on page 18.
<PAGE2>
WITH THE EXCEPTION OF HISTORICAL FACTS STATED HEREIN, THE FOLLOWING
DISCUSSION MAY CONTAIN FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS REGARDING EVENTS AND
FINANCIAL TRENDS WHICH MAY AFFECT THE COMPANY'S FUTURE OPERATING RESULTS AND
FINANCIAL POSITION. SUCH STATEMENTS ARE SUBJECT TO RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
THAT COULD CAUSE THE COMPANY'S ACTUAL RESULTS AND FINANCIAL POSITION TO DIFFER
MATERIALLY FROM THOSE ANTICIPATED IN SUCH FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. FACTORS
THAT COULD CAUSE ACTUAL RESULTS TO DIFFER MATERIALLY INCLUDE, IN ADDITION TO
OTHER FACTORS IDENTIFIED IN THIS REPORT, A HIGH DEGREE OF CUSTOMER
CONCENTRATION, THE LOSS OF A KEY CUSTOMER, DEPENDENCE ON THE COMPUTER AND
ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT INDUSTRIES, COMPETITION IN THE POWER SUPPLY INDUSTRY,
DEPENDENCE ON GUADALAJARA, MEXICO FACILITY, AND DEPENDENCE ON KEY PERSONNEL,
ALL OF WHICH FACTORS ARE SET FORTH IN MORE DETAIL IN THE SECTIONS ENTITLED
"CERTAIN CONSIDERATIONS" AND "MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OR PLAN OF
OPERATION" HEREIN. READERS OF THIS REPORT ARE CAUTIONED NOT TO PUT UNDUE
RELIANCE ON "FORWARD LOOKING" STATEMENTS WHICH ARE, BY THEIR NATURE, UNCERTAIN
AS RELIABLE INDICATORS OF FUTURE PERFORMANCE. THE COMPANY DISCLAIMS ANY INTENT
OR OBLIGATION TO PUBLICLY UPDATE THESE "FORWARD LOOKING" STATEMENTS, WHETHER AS
A RESULT OF NEW INFORMATION, FUTURE EVENTS, OR OTHERWISE.
PART I.
ITEM 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
GENERAL
Digital Power ("Digital Power" or the "Company") designs, develops,
manufactures, and sells 50 watt to 750 watt switching power supplies and DC/DC
converters to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) of computers and other
electronic equipment. Power supplies are critical components of electronic
equipment that supply, convert, distribute, and regulate electrical power.
The various subsystems within electronic equipment require a steady supply of
direct current (DC) electrical power, usually at different voltage levels from
the other subsystems within the equipment. In addition, the electronic
components and subsystems require protection from the harmful surges and drops
in electrical power that commonly occur over power lines. Power supplies
satisfy these requirements by converting alternating current (AC) electricity
into DC by dividing a single input voltage into distinct and isolated output
voltages, and by regulating and maintaining such output voltages within a
narrow range of values.
Products which convert AC from a primary power source into DC are
generally referred to as "power supplies". Products which convert one level of
DC voltage into a higher or lower level of DC voltage are generally referred to
as "DC/DC converters". "Switching" power supplies are distinguished from
"linear" power supplies by the manner and efficiency with which the power
supply "steps down" voltage levels. A linear power supply converts an
unregulated DC voltage to a lower regulated voltage by "throwing away" the
difference between the two voltages as heat. Consequently, the linear power
supply is inherently inefficient-typically only 45% efficient for a 5V output
regulator. By contrast, a switching power supply converts an unregulated DC
voltage to a lower regulated voltage by storing the difference in a magnetic
field. When the magnetic field grows to a pre-determined level, the
unregulated DC is switched off and the output power is provided by the energy
stored in the magnetic field. When the field is sufficiently depleted, the
unregulated DC is switched on again to deliver power to the output while the
excess voltage is again stored in the magnetic field. As a result, the
switching power supply is more efficient-typically 75% efficient for a 5V
output regulator.
<PAGE3>
One of the great advantages of switching power supplies, in addition to
their high efficiency, is their high power density, or power-to-volume ratio.
This density is the result of the reduction in the size of the various
components. Because the Company's switching power supply products have a high
power density, they are generally smaller than those of competitors. For
example, to the Company's knowledge its US100 series of power supplies, on a
3"x 5" printed circuit board, is the smallest 100 watt off-line (AC input)
power supply available in the industry.
Another advantage of the Company's power supply products is their extreme
flexibility of design. The Company has purposely designed its base model power
supply products so that they can be quickly and inexpensively modified and
adapted to the specific power supply needs of any OEM. This "flexibility"
approach has allowed the Company to provide samples of modified power supplies
to OEM customers in only a few days after initial consultation, an important
capability given the emphasis placed by OEMs on "time to market". In addition,
this "flexibility" approach results in very low non-recurring engineering
(NRE) expenses. Because of its reduced NRE expenses, the Company does not
charge its OEM customers for NRE related to tailoring a power supply to a
customer's specific requirements. This gives the Company a distinct advantage
over its competitors, many of whom do charge their customers for NRE expenses.
The Company's marketing strategy is to exploit this combination of high power
density, design flexibility, and short time-to-market to win an increasing
share of the growing power supply market.
In addition to the line of proprietary products offered, and in response
to requests from OEMs, the Company also provides "value-added services" along
with its products. The term "value-added services" refers to the Company's
incorporation of an OEM's selected electronic components, enclosures, and cable
assemblies with the Company's power supply products to produce a power
subassembly that is compatible with the OEM's own equipment and is specifically
tailored to meet the OEM's needs. The Company purchases the parts and
components that the OEM itself would otherwise attach to or integrate with the
Company's power supply, and the Company provides the OEM with that integration
and installation service, thus saving the OEM time and money. The Company
believes that this value-added service is well-suited to those OEMs who wish to
reduce their vendor base and minimize their investment in fixed costs since the
OEMs are not required to manufacture their own power subassemblies and thus are
not required to purchase individual parts from many vendors or build assembly
facilities.
Pursuant to an Asset Sale Agreement (the "Agreement"), on January 26,
1998, Digital Power acquired the assets of Gresham Power Electronics ("Gresham
Power") from Gresham Lion Technology Limited, an English corporation ("Gresham
Lion"). The consideration paid for the acquisition was US$2.7 million, which
amount is subject to adjustment depending upon the net asset value (accounts
receivables, fixed assets and inventory less liabilities) ("NAV") as of the
closing date. Specifically, pursuant to the Agreement, the acquisition amount
shall be increased by US$1.6284 for each United Kingdom pound that Gresham
Power's NAV exceeds UK<pound-sterling>1,100,000 as of the closing date, and
shall be reduced by US$1.6284 for each United Kingdom pound that the NAV is
less than UK<pound-sterling>1,100,000 as of the closing date. In addition to
the foregoing, if the NAV as of March 31, 1998, equals or exceeds
UK<pound-sterling>1,606,000, Gresham Lion shall be paid an additional
US$300,000 subject to a reduction of US$1.6284 for every United Kingdom pound
NAV is less than UK<pound-sterling>1,606,000. Further, Digital Power shall pay
Gresham Lion an additional US$1.15 for every United Kingdom pound of earnings
before interest and taxes which exceeds UK<pound-sterling>250,000, up to a
maximum additional payment of US$300,000. Pursuant to the Agreement, Gresham
Lion and its affiliates shall not compete with Gresham Power for a period of
three (3) years from the closing date.
<PAGE4>
Headquartered in Salisbury, England, Gresham Power designs, manufactures,
and distributes switching power supplies, uninterruptible power supplies, and
frequency converters for the commercial and military markets. Uninterruptible
power supplies (UPS) are devices that are inserted between a primary power
source and the primary power input of the electronic equipment to be protected
for the purpose of eliminating the effects of transient anomalies or temporary
outages. A UPS consists of an inverter that is powered by a battery that is
kept trickle-charged by rectified AC from an incoming power line. In the event
of a power interruption, the battery takes over without the loss of even a
fraction of a cycle in the AC output of the UPS. The battery also provides
protection against transients. A frequency converter is an electronic unit for
speed control of a phase induction motor. The frequency converter controls the
motor speed by converting the frequency and voltage of the power main's supply
from fixed to variable values. This is the most efficient means of varying the
fixed speed of an induction motor, since other methods involve great power
losses or great investments. The acquisition of Gresham Power will diversify
the Company's product line, provide greater access to the United Kingdom and
European markets, and strengthen Digital's engineering and technical resources.
Digital Power Corporation is a California corporation originally formed in
1969 through its predecessor, Sideband Associates, Inc. Unless the context
indicates otherwise, any reference to "Digital Power" or the "Company" herein
includes its majority-owned Mexican subsidiary, Poder Digital S.A. de C.V.
THE MARKET
Since all electronic equipment requires power supplies, the overall market
for power supplies is very large. The growth of the power supply industry has
paralleled that of the general electronics industry. Since 1994, growth has
escalated at an even faster pace, fueled by the demand for networking
communications equipment and computing equipment and its peripherals. Future
growth is expected to come from the same markets, as internet and intranet
networking and cellular and digital telephones continue to become popular
around the world.
According to Micro-Tech Consultants of Santa Rosa, California, the
worldwide market for electronic power supplies was estimated to be $15 billion
in 1995, and is expected to grow to $24 billion by 2000. Of the worldwide
total, the domestic market was $6.0 billion in 1995 and is expected to growth
to $9.7 billion by 2000. Both the domestic and worldwide markets are
essentially growing at the same annual rate of approximately 10%, a growth rate
that is expected to continue through the year 2000.
The electronic power supply market is typically split into "captive" and
"merchant" market segments. The captive segment of the market, that portion
represented by OEMs who design and manufacture power supplies for use in their
own products, is estimated by Micro-Tech to account for approximately 50% of
the total market. The remaining 50% of the power supply market is served by
merchant power supply manufacturers, such as Digital Power, that design and
manufacture power supplies for sale to OEMs.
Growing at an average annual rate of 13%, the merchant market is the
fastest growing segment of the power supply market, as OEMs continue to
outsource their power supply requirements. Micro-Tech forecasts that the
merchant market will experience the greatest rate of growth in the entire power
supply market, increasing from 52.5% of the total market in 1997 to 62.8% of
the total market in 2000. The Company believes that this projected increase
is due, in part, to the fact that power supplies are becoming an increasingly
<PAGE5>
complex components in the eyes of OEMs, with constantly changing requirements
such as power factor correction (PFC) and filtering specifications to minimize
electromagnetic interference (EMI).
The power supply market can also be divided between "custom" and
"standard" power supplies. Custom power supplies are those that are customized
in design and manufactured with a specific application in mind, whereas
standard power supplies are sold off-the-shelf to customers whose electronic
equipment can operate from standard output voltages such as 5, 12, or 24 volts.
Power supplies in the captive market that are designed and manufactured by an
OEM for use in its own equipment are an example of a custom design, as the
product is not intended for resale. However, custom power supplies are also
common in the merchant market, as certain OEMs contract with power supply
manufacturers to design a product that meets the form, fit, and function
requirements of that OEM's specific application. A subset of the standard
segment of the market has evolved, commonly known as "modified standard"
segment, comprising power supply products that have the performance
characteristics of a standard power supply, but require certain, usually minor,
modifications. These modifications typically involve an adjustment to one of
the standard output voltages, such as from 5 volts to 7 volts, or from 15 volts
to 18.5 volts.
The power supply industry is highly fragmented. There are approximately
300 domestic merchant power supply competitors in the United States, with over
200 that generate less than $5 million in revenues. No one manufacturer holds
more than five percent of the total market. The merchant market segment is
also highly fragmented according to the power level, technology, packaging, or
application of a merchant's particular power supply. Most merchant
manufacturers concentrate on niche markets, whether power ranges or industry
segments.
With no industry standards for power supplies, it is very difficult to
design out an existing power supply component which prevents large companies
from quickly gaining market share. The key to being a profitable manufacturer
is to have long-term expertise in power electronics and to be able to provide
products needed by customers. The Company has targeted and serves the
industrial and office automation, industrial and portable computing, and
networking applications niches of the merchant market. The Company believes
that its focus on high-efficiency, high-density, design-flexible power supplies
is ideally suited to the rapid growth opportunities existing in this market
segment.
Geographically, Digital Power primarily serves the North American power
electronics market with AC/DC power supplies and DC/DC converters ranging from
50 watts to 750 watts of total output power. AC/DC power supplies represent
the largest part of the merchant power electronics market with sales in North
America alone expected to grow from about $4.9 billion in 1997 to $6.7 billion
in 2000. During the same period, DC/DC converter sales in North America are
forecasted to grow from $1.5 billion in 1997 to $2.1 billion in 2000.
Gresham Power serves the United Kingdom marketplace with AC/DC power
supplies, uninterruptible power supplies, and frequency inverters. Both
commercial and government (Ministry of Defense) markets are served by Gresham
Power.
<PAGE6>
CUSTOMERS
Digital Power's products are sold domestically and in Canada through a
network of 14 manufacturers' representatives. Digital Power also has 23
stocking distributors in the United States and Europe. In addition, the
Company has formed strategic relationships with three of its customers to
private label its products. Digital Power's customers can generally be grouped
into three broad industries, consisting of the computer, telecommunication, and
instrument industries. The Company has a current base of over 150 active
customers, including companies such as Ascend Communications, AT&T,
Westinghouse, Telex, Storage Dimensions, Motorola, Retix, Stanford
Telecommunications, and 3Com.
STRATEGY
Digital Power's strategy is to be the supplier of choice to OEMs requiring
a high-quality power solution where size, rapid modification, and
time-to-market are critical to business success. Target market segments
include telecommunications, networking, switching, mass storage, and industrial
and office automation products. While many of these segments would be
characterized as computer-related, the Company does not participate in the
personal computer (PC) power supply market because of the low margins arising
out of the high volume and extremely competitive nature of that market.
The Company intends to continue the trend of its sales and profit growth
by making increased sales to existing customers while simultaneously targeting
sales to new customers. The Company believes that its "flexibility" concept
allows customers a unique choice between its products and products offered by
other power supply competitors. OEMs have typically had to settle for a
standard power supply product with output voltages and other features
predetermined by the manufacturer. Alternatively, if the OEM's product
required a different set of power supply parameters, the OEM was forced to
design this modification in-house, or pay a power supply manufacturer for a
custom product. Since custom-designed power supplies are development-intensive
and require a great deal of time to design, develop, and manufacture, only OEMs
with significant volume requirements can economically justify the expense and
delay associated with their production. Furthermore, since virtually every
power conversion product intended for use in commercial applications requires
certain independent safety agency testing at considerable expense, such as by
Underwriters Laboratories, an additional barrier is presented to the smaller
OEM. By offering the OEM customer a new choice with the Digital Power
"flexibility" series, the Company believes it has an advantage over its
competitors. The Company's "flexibility" series is designed around a
standardized power platform, but allows the customer to specify output voltages
tailored to its exact requirements within specific parameters. Furthermore,
OEMs are seeking power supplies with greater power density. Digital Power's
strategy in responding to this demand has been to offer increasingly smaller
power supply units or packages.
PRODUCT STRATEGY AND PRODUCTS
Digital Power has eight series of base designs from which thousands of
individual models can be produced. Each series has its own printed circuit
board (PCB) layout that is common to all models within the series regardless of
the number of output voltages (typically one to four) or the rating of the
individual output voltages. A broad range of output ratings, from 3.3 volts to
48 volts, can be produced by simply changing the power transformer construction
and a small number of output components. Designers of electronic systems can
determine their total power requirements only after they have designed the
<PAGE7>
system's electronic circuitry and selected the components to be used in the
system. Since the designer has a finite amount of space for the system and may
be under competitive pressure to further reduce its size, a burden is placed on
the power supply manufacturer to maximize the power density of the power supply.
A typical power supply consists of a PCB, electronic components, a power
transformer and other electromagnetic components, and a sheet metal chassis.
The larger components are typically installed on the PCB by means of
pin-through-hole assembly where the components are inserted into pre-drilled
holes and soldered to electrical circuits on the PCB. Other components can be
attached to the PCB by surface mount interconnection technology (SMT) which
allows for a reduction in board size since the holes are eliminated and
components can be placed on both sides of the board. The Company's US100
series is an example of a product using this manufacturing technology.
Digital Power's "flexibility" concept applies to all of the Company's US,
UP/SP, and DP product series. A common printed circuit board is shared by each
model in a particular family, resulting in a reduction in parts inventory while
allowing for rapid modifiability into thousands of output combinations. The
following is a description of the Company's products.
The US50 series of power supplies consists of compact, economical, high
efficiency, open frame switchers that deliver up to 50 watts of continuous
power, or 60 watts of peak power, from one to four outputs. The 90-264 VAC
universal input allows them to be used worldwide without jumper selection.
Flexibility options include chassis and cover, power good signal, an isolated
V4 output, and UL544 (medical) safety approval. All US50 series units are also
available in 12VDC, 24VDC, or 48VDC inputs. This optional DC input unit (DP50
series) maintains the same pin-out, size, and mounting as the US50 series.
The US70 series of power supplies is similar to the US50 series, a
compact, economical, highly efficient, open frame switcher that delivers up to
65 watts with a 70 watt peak. This unit is offered with one to four outputs, a
universal input rated from 90 to 264 VAC, and is only slightly larger than the
US50 series. The US70 series is differentiated from competitive offerings by
virtue of its smaller size, providing up to four outputs while competitors
typically are limited to three outputs. Flexibility options include cover,
power good signal, an isolated V4 output, and UL544 (medical) safety approval.
The DP70 is the same as the US70 except the input is 48 volts DC. The Company
also offers 12 & 24VDC DC input on this series where the model series changes
to DN & DM. This type of product is ideal for low profile systems, with the
power supply measuring 3.2" x 5" x 1.5".
The US100/DP100 is the industry's smallest 100 watt switcher. Measuring
only 5" x 3.3" x 1.5", this series delivers up to 100 watts of continuous
power, or 120 watt peak power, from one to four outputs. The 90-264VAC
universal input allows them to be used worldwide. This product is ideal in
applications where OEMs have upgraded their systems, requiring an additional
30-40 watts of output power but being unable to accommodate a larger unit. The
US100 fits in the same form factor and does not require any tooling or
mechanical changes by the OEM. Flexibility options include a cover and
adjustable post regulators on V3 and/or V4 outputs. Fully customized models
are also available. All US100 series units are also available with 12VDC,
24VDC, or 48 VDC inputs. This optional DC input unit (DP100) maintains the
same pin-out, size, and mounting as the US100 series.
The UP300 series consists of economical, high efficiency, open frame
switchers that deliver up to 300 watts of continuous, or 325 watts of peak
power, from one to two outputs. The 115/230VAC auto-selectable input allows
them to be used worldwide. On-board EMI filtering is a standard feature.
<PAGE8>
Flexibility options include a cover, power fail/power good signal, and an
isolated 2nd output. The UP300 is also available as the SP300 series, which is
jumper selectable between 115 and 230VAC and provides the OEM an even more
economical solution. This product can be used in network switching systems or
other electronic systems where a lot of single output current, such as 5, 12,
24, or 48 volt current might be required.
The US250 series consists of economical, high efficiency, open frame
switchers that deliver up to 250 watts of continuous power, or 300 watts of
peak power, from one to four outputs. The 115/230VAC auto-selectable input
allows them to be used worldwide. Flexibility options include cover, power
fail/power good signal, enable/inhibit, and an isolated V3 output. All US250
series units are also available with 12VDC, 24VDC, or 48VDC inputs. This
optional DC input unit (DP250) maintains the same pin-out, size, and mounting
as the US250 series.
The US350 series is a full-featured unit that has active power factor
correction and was designed to be field-configurable by the Company's
international and domestic sales channels. This feature allows the stocking
distributor to lower its inventory costs but still maintain the required stock
to rapidly provide power supplies with the unique combination of output
voltages required by an OEM. This unit delivers 350 watts from one to four
output modules and meets the total harmonic distortion spec IEC 555.2. The
US350 has an on-board EMI filter and operates from 90-264 VAC input. This unit
measures 9" x 5" x 2.5". It can operate without any minimum loads and has an
optional internal fan and power fail/power good signal.
The newest product developed by the Company is the US750 series. The
US750 is a fully modular power supply measuring 3" x 10.25" x 5" and delivers
750 watts from one to four power outputs. This product can be configured to
meet many different applications. It comes with optional N+1 parallelability,
hot swapability, frequency synching, power good/power fail, and remote on/off.
The Company also produces two products designated as the KD series in a
150 watt and 200 watt product. These designs were acquired in 1987 under a
licensing agreement with KDK Electronics. They are still offered for sale but
are expected to continue to decline as a percentage of Digital Power's
revenues. The licensing agreement with KDK Electronics, as amended, provides
that in the event total historical sales of KD products reach $20 million, then
KDK Electronics will be granted a stock option to purchase 100,000 shares of
Digital Power's common stock for $3.50 per share with Digital Power paying the
exercise price. Due to changing market conditions, the KD series is expected
to be phased out prior to reaching the $20 million sales level. Therefore, no
common stock is anticipated to be granted to KDK Electronics under the
licensing agreement. In addition, KDK Electronics will be paid a royalty equal
to 5% on the first $20 million total sales of the KD series products with the
royalty decreasing on sales over that amount. KD products accounted for 6%,
and 2% of revenues for the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997,
respectively. Total cumulative sales of KD products were $14,852,920 as of
December 31, 1997.
Digital Power offers its customers various types of value-added services,
which may include the following additions to its standard product offerings:
Electrical (power): Paralleled power supplies for (N+1) redundancy, hot
swapability, output OR'ing diodes, AC input receptacle with fuse, external EMI
filter, on/off switch, cabling and connectors, and battery backup with charger.
<PAGE9>
Electrical (control and monitoring): AC power fail detect signal, DC
output(s) OK signal, inhibit, output voltage margining, and digital control
interface.
Mechanical: Custom hot-plug chassis for (N+1) redundant operation, locking
handle, cover, and fan.
These services incorporate one of the Company's base products along with
additional enclosures, cable assemblies, and other electronic components to
arrive at a power subassembly. This strategy matches perfectly with those OEMS
wishing to reduce their vendor base, as the turnkey sub-assembly allows
customers to eliminate other vendors.
Other than certain fabricated parts such as printed circuit boards and
sheet metal chassis which are readily available from many suppliers, the
Company uses no custom components. Typically, two suppliers are qualified for
every component, with the exception being two line transformers, one
manufactured by Tamura and the second one manufactured by Spitznagel. These
transformers are designed into three of the Company's products, which products
accounted for approximately 7% of the Company's sales in 1997.
MANUFACTURING STRATEGY
Consistent with its product flexibility strategy, the Company aims to
maintain a high degree of flexibility in its manufacturing processes in order
to respond to rapidly changing market conditions. With few exceptions, the
competitive nature of the power supply industry has placed continual downward
pressure on selling prices. In order to achieve low cost manufacturing with a
labor-intensive product, manufacturers have the option of automating much of
the labor out of their product, or producing their product in a low labor cost
environment. Given the high fixed costs of automation and the resistance this
places on making major product changes, Digital Power believes that its
flexible manufacturing strategy is best achieved through a highly variable cost
of operation. In 1986, the Company established a wholly-owned subsidiary in
Guadalajara, Mexico to assemble its products. This manufacturing facility
performs materials management, sub-assembly, final assembly, and test functions
for the majority of the Company's power supply products. Currently, almost all
of the Company's manufacturing, including its value-added services, is done at
a 16,000 square foot facility operated by the Company's wholly-owned
subsidiary, Poder Digital, S.A. de C.V., located in Guadalajara, Mexico. In
addition, Digital Power has entered into an agreement with Fortron/Source Corp.
to manufacture Digital Power's products at a facility located in China on a
turnkey basis. Purchases from Fortron/Source will be made pursuant to purchase
orders and the agreement may be terminated upon 120 days notice. The Company
is manufacturing approximately 10% of its product requirements through
Fortron/Source and expects to increase these production levels due to cost
advantages achieved through Chinese procurement. The Company believes that the
facility in China complements its manufacturing facility in Guadalajara, Mexico
since the facility in China allows the Company to produce power supplies with
sufficient lead time at lower costs, while the Guadalajara facility will
continue to manufacture power supplies that need a quick turnaround or
modification.
SALES, MARKETING AND CUSTOMERS
During 1997, the Company increased both its revenues and income before
income taxes, from $13,835,008 and $1,822,634, respectively, in fiscal year
1996, to $18,884,259 and $2,426,790, respectively, in fiscal year 1997.
<PAGE10>
Digital Power markets its products through a network of thirteen domestic
and one Canadian independent manufacturers' representatives. Each
representative organization is responsible for managing sales in a particular
geographic territory. Generally, the representative has exclusive access to
all potential customers in the assigned territory and is compensated by
commissions at 5% of net sales after the product is shipped, received, and paid
for by the customer. Typically, either the Company or the representative
organization may terminate the agreement with 30 days' written notice.
In certain territories, the Company has entered into agreements with 23
stocking distributors who buy and resell the Company's products. For the
fiscal years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996, distributor sales accounted for
39.5% and 36.4%, respectively, of the Company's total sales. Over this same
period, one distributor accounted for 24.9% and 21.3%, respectively, of total
sales. In addition, international sales through stocking distributors
accounted for less than 5% of the Company's sales. In general, the agreements
with stocking distributors are subject to annual renewal and may be terminated
upon 90 days' written notice. Although these agreements may be terminated by
either party in the event a stocking distributor decides to terminate its
agreement with the Company, the Company believes that it would be able to
continue the sale of its products through direct sales to the customers of the
stocking distributor. Further, and in general, stocking distributors are
eligible to return 25% of their previous six-months' sales for stock rotation.
For the past three years, stock rotations have not exceeded one percent of
total sales.
The Company has also entered into agreements with three private label
customers who buy and resell the Company's products. Under these agreements,
the Company sells its products to the private label company who then resells
the products with its label to its customers. The Company believes that these
private label agreements expand its market by offering the customer a second
source for the Company's products. The private label agreements may be
terminated by either party. Further, the private label agreement requires that
any product subject to a private label be available for 5 years. For the years
ended December 31, 1997 and 1996, private label sales accounted for 13.9% and
10.9%, respectively, of total sales.
The Company's promotional efforts to date have included product data
sheets, feature articles in trade periodicals, and trade shows. The Company's
future promotional activities will likely include space advertising in
industry-specific publications, a full-line product catalog, application notes,
and direct mail to an industry-specific mail list.
The Company's products are warranted to be free of defects for a period
ranging from one to two years from date of shipment. No significant warranty
returns were experienced in either 1997 or 1996. As of December 31, 1997, the
Company's warranty reserve was $165,000.
COMPETITION
The merchant power supply manufacturing industry is highly fragment and
characterized by intense competition. The Company's competition includes over
500 companies located throughout the world, some of whom have advantages over
the Company in terms of labor and component costs, and some of whom may offer
products comparable in quality to those of the Company. Certain of the
Company's competitors, including Computer Products, Inc. (now merged with Zytec
Corporation), ASTEC America, and Lambda Electronics, have substantially greater
fiscal and marketing resources and geographic presence than does the Company.
If the Company continues to be successful in increasing its revenues,
<PAGE11>
competitors may notice and increase competition for the Company's customers.
The Company also faces competition from current and prospective customers who
may decide to design and manufacture internally the power supplies needed for
their products. Furthermore, certain larger OEMs tend to contract only with
larger power supply manufacturers. This factor could become more problematic
to the Company if consolidation trends in the electronics industry continue and
some of the OEMs to whom the Company sells its products are acquired by larger
OEMs. To remain competitive, management believes that the Company must
continue to compete favorably on the basis of value by providing advanced
manufacturing technology, offering superior customer service and design
engineering services, continuously improving quality and reliability levels,
and offering flexible and reliable delivery schedules. The Company believes it
has a competitive position with its targeted customers who need a high-quality,
compact product which can be readily modified to meet the customer's unique
requirements. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will
continue to compete successfully in the power supply market.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
The Company's research and development efforts are primarily directed
toward the development of new standard power supply platforms which may be
readily modified to provide a broad array of individual models. Improvements
are constantly sought in power density, modifiability, and efficiency, while
the Company attempts to anticipate changing market demands for increased
functionality, such as PFC and improved EMI filtering. Internal research is
supplemented through the utilization of consultants who specialize in various
areas, including component and materials engineering and electromagnetic design
enhancements to improve efficiency, while reducing the cost and size of the
Company's products. Product development is performed at Digital Power's
headquarters in California by three engineers who are supported and assisted by
five technicians. The Company's total expenditures for research and
development were $866,787 and $630,079 for the years ended December 31, 1997
and 1996, respectively, and represented 4.59% and 4.55% of the Company's total
revenues for the corresponding periods.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 1997, the Company had approximately 380 full-time
employees, with 330 of these employed at its wholly-owned subsidiary Poder
Digital located in Guadalajara, Mexico. The employees of Digital Power's
Mexican operation are members of a national labor union, as are most employees
of Mexican companies. The Company has not experienced any work stoppages at
either of its facilities and believes its employee relations are good.
As of March 16, 1998, Gresham Power had approximately 50 full-time
employees.
GUADALAJARA, MEXICO FACILITY AND FOREIGN CURRENCY FLUCTUATIONS
The Company produces substantially all of its products at its 16,000
square foot facility located in Guadalajara, Mexico. The products are then
delivered to Fremont, California for testing and distribution. The Company
believes that it has a good working relationship with its employees in
Guadalajara, Mexico and has recently signed a five-year contract with the union
representing the employees. In 1997, the Company entered into a "turnkey"
manufacturing contract with a manufacturer located in China to produce its
products in an attempt to reduce its dependence on its Mexican facility. At
this time the purchase of products from the manufacturer located in China
<PAGE12>
accounts for approximately 10% of revenues and requires advance scheduling
which affects the Company's ability to produce products quickly. However, if
the Company's revenues grow as anticipated, the Company intends to manufacture
more of its products utilizing the Chinese manufacturer. In the event that
there is an unforeseen disruption at the Guadalajara production plant or with
the Chinese manufacturer, such disruption may have an adverse effect on the
Company's ability to deliver its products and may adversely affect the
Company's financial operations.
Further, the Guadalajara, Mexico facility conducts its financial
operations using the Mexican peso. Therefore, due to financial conditions
beyond the control of the Company, the Company is subject to monetary
fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and Mexican peso. During fiscal 1997, the
Company lost $19,846 as a result of fluctuations in the value of the Mexican
peso against the dollar.
CERTAIN CONSIDERATIONS
In addition to the other information presented in this report, the
following should be considered carefully in evaluating the Company and its
business. This report contains various forward-looking statements that involve
risks and uncertainties. The Company's actual results may differ materially
from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that
might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, those discussed
below and elsewhere in this report.
CUSTOMER CONCENTRATION
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997, one OEM accounted for 24.4%
of the Company's total revenues, and for the fiscal year ended December 31,
1996, one OEM accounted for 17.9% in the aggregate of total revenues. The one
OEM account which accounted for 24.4% of the Company's total revenues for the
fiscal year ended December 31, 1997 substantially contributed to the Company's
increase in revenues for such period. As previously reported, the Company
discontinued shipping product to this customer during the fourth quarter of
1997. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operation". The
loss of any other major OEM customers may have an adverse effect on the
Company's revenues.
DEPENDENCE ON COMPUTER AND OTHER ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT INDUSTRIES; CUSTOMERS'
PRODUCT OBSOLESCENCE
Substantially all of the Company's existing customers are in the computer
and other electronic equipment industries and produce products which are
subject to rapid technological change, obsolescence, and large fluctuations in
product demand. These industries are characterized by intense competition and
a demand on OEMs serving these markets for increased product performance and
lower product prices. Given this industry environment in which they operate,
OEMs make similar demands on their suppliers, such as the Company, for
increased product performance and lower product prices. Thus, in order to be
successful, the Company must properly assess developments in the computer and
other electronic equipment industries and identify product groups and customers
with the potential for continued and future growth. Factors affecting the
computer and other electronic equipment industries, in general, or any of the
Company's major customers or their products, in particular, could have a
material adverse effect on the Company's results of operations. In addition,
the computer industry is inherently volatile. Recently, certain segments of
the computer and other electronic industries have experienced a softening in
demand for their products. Although this has not materially affected the
<PAGE13>
Company's customers, in the event that it affects all segments of the computer
and other electronic industries, the growth of the Company could be adversely
affected.
DEPENDENCE ON GUADALAJARA, MEXICO FACILITY; FOREIGN CURRENCY FLUCTUATIONS
The Company produces substantially all of its products at its facility
located in Guadalajara, Mexico. The products are then delivered to Fremont,
California for testing and distribution. The Company believes that it has a
good working relationship with its employees in Guadalajara, Mexico and has
signed a five-year contract with the union representing the employees. The
Company has also entered into a "turnkey" manufacturing contract with a
manufacturer located in China to produce its products in an attempt to reduce
its dependence on its Mexican facility. At this time the purchase of products
from the manufacturer located in China accounts for approximately 10% of
revenues and requires advance scheduling which affects the Company's ability to
produce products quickly. However, if the Company's revenues grow as
anticipated, the Company intends to manufacture more of its products utilizing
the Chinese manufacturer. In the event that there is an unforeseen disruption
at the Guadalajara production plant or with the Chinese manufacturer, such
disruption may have an adverse effect on the Company's ability to deliver its
products and may adversely affect the Company's financial operations.
DEPENDENCE UPON KEY PERSONNEL; NEED TO ATTRACT AND RETAIN ADDITIONAL PERSONNEL
The Company's performance is substantially dependent on the performance of
its executive officers and key personnel, and on its ability to retain and
motivate such personnel. The loss of any of the Company's key personnel,
particularly Robert O. Smith, could have a material adverse effect on the
Company's business, financial condition, and operating results. The Company
has "key person" life insurance policies on Mr. Smith in the aggregate amount
of $2 million. The Company also has an employment agreement with Mr. Smith.
The Company's future success also depends on its continuing ability to
identify, hire, train, and retain other highly-qualified creative, technical,
and managerial personnel. Competition for highly-qualified personnel is
intense. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in
attracting, assimilating, and retaining such personnel, and the failure to do
so could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition, and operating results. Moreover, in the event of the loss of any
such personnel, there can be no assurance that the Company would be able to
prevent the unauthorized disclosure or use of its proprietary technology,
practices, procedures, or customer lists.
DEPENDENCE ON SUPPLIERS
In order to reduce dependence on any one supplier, the Company attempts to
obtain two suppliers for each component of its products. However, for two line
transformers in three of its products, the Company is dependent on single
suppliers. Currently, these products account for approximately 7% of the
Company's total sales. Although the Company will seek to find other
manufacturers of transformers for these three products, unanticipated shortages
or delays in these parts may have an adverse effect on the Company's results of
operations.
<PAGE14>
NO PATENTS
The Company's products are not subject to any U.S. or foreign patents.
The Company believes that because its products are being continually updated
and revised, obtaining patents would not be beneficial. Therefore, there can
be no assurance that other competitors or former employees will not obtain the
Company's proprietary information and develop it.
ITEM 2. DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTIES.
The Company's headquarters are located in approximately 9,500 square feet
of leased office, research and development space in Fremont, California. The
Company pays $5,890 per month, subject to adjustment, and the lease expires on
January 31, 2001. The Company's manufacturing facility is located in 16,000
square feet of leased space in Guadalajara, Mexico. The Company pays
approximately $3,500 per month, subject to adjustment, and the lease expires in
February, 2001. The Company believes that its existing facilities are adequate
for the foreseeable future and has no plans to expand them.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
Neither Digital Power nor its subsidiary was involved in any legal
proceedings, nor is any property of Digital Power the subject of any legal
proceedings.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
None.
<PAGE15>
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.
(A) COMPARATIVE MARKET PRICES
As of February 13, 1997, Digital Power's common stock was listed and
traded on the American Stock Exchange ("AMEX") under the symbol "DPW". As of
September 22, 1997, Digital Power's Redeemable Common Stock Purchase Warrants,
which previously had been listed and trade on the NASDAQ SmallCap Market,
became listed and traded on the AMEX under the symbol "DPWWS". The following
tables set forth the high and low closing sale prices, as reported by AMEX
and/or NASDAQ, for Digital Power's common stock and warrants for fiscal year
1997.
COMMON STOCK
PERIOD LOW HIGH
Quarter ending March 31, 1997 $5.25 $8.50
Quarter ending June 30, 1997 $7.50 $10.25
Quarter ended September 30, 1997 $9.63 $11.38
Quarter ending December 31, 1997 $6.25 $9.75
REDEEMABLE COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANTS
PERIOD LOW HIGH
Quarter ending March 31, 1997 $1.50 $3.75
Quarter ending June 30, 1997 $2.88 $5.00
Quarter ended September 30, 1997 $4.50 $6.13
Quarter ending December 31, 1997 $1.69 $4.63
(B) HOLDERS
As of March 16, 1998, there were 2,700,685 shares of Digital Power common
stock outstanding, held by 131 holders of record, not including shareholders
whose shares are held in street name. As of the same date, there were 838,090
warrants outstanding, with 74 holders of record, not including warrantholders
whose warrants are held in street name.
(C) DIVIDENDS
The Company has not declared or paid any cash dividends since its
inception. The Company currently intends to retain future earnings for use in
the operation and expansion of the business. The Company does not intend to
pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. The declaration of dividends
in the future will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will
depend upon the earnings, capital requirements, and financial position of the
Company.
<PAGE16>
ITEM 6. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OR PLAN OF OPERATION.
OVERVIEW
The Company designs, develops, manufactures, and markets electronic power
supplies for use in converting electric power into a form suitable for the
operation of electronic circuitry. Revenues are generated from the sale of the
Company's power supplies to OEMs in the computer and other electronic equipment
industries.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The table below sets forth certain statements of operations data as a
percentage of revenues for the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996.
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31
1997 1996
Revenues 100% 100%
Cost of goods sold 73.90 71.97
_____ _____
Gross margin 26.10 28.03
Selling, general and administrative 8.44 9.20
Engineering and product development 4.59 4.55
_____ _____
Total operating expense 13.03 13.75
_____ _____
Operating income 13.07 14.28
Net interest expense .11 1.06
Translation loss .11 .05
_____ _____
Income before income taxes 12.85 13.17
Provision (Benefit) for 5.43 4.79
Income taxes _____ _____
Net Income 7.42% 8.38%
_____ _____
Net Income applicable to common shareholders 7.42% 8.10%
_____ _____
The following discussion and analysis should be read in connection with
the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto and other
financial information included elsewhere in this report.
<PAGE17>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997 COMPARED TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996
REVENUES
Revenues for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997 increased by
$5,049,251 or 36.5%, over the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996. This
increase in revenues was due primarily to substantially increased sales to a
single OEM and, to a lesser extent, to increased sales to the Company's 23
stocking distributors. The largest percentage of this increase, $2,451,518
(48.6%) was due to increased sales to distributors, OEM's accounted for
$1,479,672 (29.3%) of the increase and the balance of $1,118,061 (22.1%) was
generated by the Company's private label customers.
As stated above, for the year ended December 31, 1997, one OEM accounted
for 24.4% of the Company's total revenues, and for the year ended December 31,
1996, three OEMs accounted for 29.1% in the aggregate of total revenues. The
one OEM account which accounted for 24.4% of the Company's total revenues for
the year ended December 31, 1997 substantially contributed to the Company's
increase in revenues for such period. During the latter part of the fourth
quarter of 1997, this OEM discontinued the purchase of power supplies from the
Company. No assurance can be given that the Company will be able increase
sales of power supplies to other OEMs to offset the loss in sales to this OEM.
GROSS MARGINS
Gross margins were 26.10% for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997
compared to 28.03% for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996. This slight
decrease in gross margins can primarily be attributed to a significant increase
in the sale of one model of power supply to a large OEM customer. The gross
margins on such high volume orders is typically less than the margins on
multiple smaller orders.
SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $321,642, from
$1,272,123 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996, to $1,593,765 for the
fiscal year ended December 31, 1997. The increase primarily related to greater
production and increased sales of the Company's products, with an associated
increase in the Company's payroll. As a percentage of revenues, however,
selling, general and administrative expenses decreased from 9.2% for the year
ended December 31, 1996 to 8.4% for the year ended December 31, 1997, since the
increase in revenues during this period was greater than the increase in
selling, general and administrative expenses.
ENGINEERING AND PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
Engineering and product development expenses were 4.59% of revenues for
the year ended December 31, 1997, and 4.55% of revenues for the year ended
December 31, 1996. This slight increase as a percentage of revenues was due to
a slightly greater utilization of these resources.
<PAGE18>
INTEREST EXPENSE
Net interest expense was 0.11% of revenues for the year ended December 31,
1997 and 1.06% of revenues for the year ended December 31, 1996. This decrease
was primarily due to reduced borrowings and greater interest income from the
investment of the proceeds from the Company's initial public offering.
TRANSLATION LOSS
The primary currency of the Company's subsidiary, Poder Digital, is the
Mexican peso. During 1997, the Company experienced a translation loss of
$19,846 related to Poder Digital's operations using Mexican pesos, compared
with a translation loss of $7,082 in 1996.
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES
Income before income taxes increased by $604,156 from $1,822,634 during
1996, to $2,426,790 in 1997. This substantial increase was primarily due to
the increase in revenues from the sale of the Company's power supplies, which
more than offset the increase in the Company's operating expenses.
INCOME TAX
The Company's income tax expense was 5.43% of revenues for the year ended
December 31, 1997, and 4.79% of revenues for the year ended December 31, 1996.
NET INCOME
Net income was $1,400,790 in 1997 and $1,158,834 in 1996, an increase of
$241,956, or 20.9%. Net income applicable to common shareholders for the years
ended December 31, 1997 and 1996 was $1,400,790 and $1,120,765, respectively.
The increase in net income was due to increased revenues and gross margins
which more than offset increases in operating expenses.
The Company does not believe that its business is seasonal.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Through December 31, 1997, the Company funded its operations primarily
through revenues generated from operations, and proceeds from its December 1996
initial public offering. As of December 31, 1997, the Company had cash and
cash equivalents of $2,205,282, and working capital of $7,050,114. This
compares with cash and cash equivalents of $2,955,299 and working capital of
$4,476,555 at December 31, 1996. The increase in working capital for the year
ended December 31, 1997, is primarily due to an increase in receivables,
inventory, prepaid expenses, deferred income taxes and accounts payable and a
decrease in other accrued liabilities. Cash used in (provided by) operating
activities for the Company totaled $80,252 and $(559,016) for the year ended
December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively. Cash used in investing activities
consisted of expenditures for the purchase of production and testing equipment.
Such expenditures increased to $388,825 during the year ended December 31,
1997, from $308,213 during the year ended December 31, 1996. For the year
ended December 31, 1997, cash used in financing activities included net
reduction in borrowings of $1,481,921 offset by proceeds of $1,220,828 from the
<PAGE19>
sale of common stock, warrants, and the exercise of stock options. During the
year ended December 31, 1997, the Company's line of credit and bank loans,
other than the ESOP, were paid in full. During the year ended December 31,
1996, cash provided in financing activities included net borrowings from the
Company's line of credit of $273,185, proceeds from the sale of common stock
and warrants of $2,276,905, net reduction on notes and capital leases of
$45,441 and proceeds of $9,011 from the exercise of stock options, offset by
debenture repayment of $5,000.
The Company is a guarantor of a $500,000 term loan granted to the
Company's employee stock ownership plan ("ESOP"). The $500,000 term loan is
included in the total amount of the Company's bank borrowings as of December
31, 1997 stated in the preceding paragraph. The $500,000 is due in June 2001
and bears interest at 10.5% per annum. Proceeds from the loan were used to
acquire the Company's common stock by the ESOP. Principal and interest on the
loan will be paid by the ESOP through contributions made by the Company to the
ESOP in the amount of approximately $10,750 per month. This amount will be a
monthly deduction against revenues through June 2001.
For fiscal year 1998, the Company intends to upgrade the computer system
in its Gresham Power subsidiary and install automated test equipment (ATE's) in
its Mexican facility at an approximate total cost of $250,000. The Company
intends to fund the purchase from working capital. No other material
expenditures are anticipated during 1998.
IMPACT OF THE YEAR 2000 ISSUE. The Year 2000 Issue is the result of
computer programs being written using two digits rather than four to define the
applicable year. Any of the Company's, or its suppliers' and customers'
computer programs that have date-sensitive software may recognize a date using
"00" as the year 1900 rather than the year 2000. This could result in system
failures or miscalculations causing disruptions of operations including, among
other things, a temporary inability to process transactions, send invoices, or
engage in similar normal business activities.
The Company has recently acquired new software and has been informed by
its suppliers that such software used by the Company is Year 2000 compliant.
The software from these suppliers is used in major areas of the Company's
operations such as for financial, sales, warehousing and administrative
purposes. The Company has no internally generate software. Inconnection with
the acquisition of Gresham Power, the Company has determined that Gresham
Power's existing software will not be Year 2000 compliant, and, as discussed in
the Liquidity and Capital Resources section, intends to acquire new software to
address the Year 2000 issue. Other than Gresham Power and after reasonable
investigation, the Company has not yet identified any other Year 2000 problem
but will continue to monitor the issue. However, there can be no assurances
that the Year 2000 problem will not occur with respect to the Company's
computer systems.
Neither the Company nor its subsidiary have initiated formal
communications with significant suppliers and large customers to determine the
extent to which those third parties' failure to remedy their own Year 2000
Issues would materially effect the Company and its subsidiaries. The Company
has not received any indication from its suppliers and large customers that the
Year 2000 Issue may materially effect their ability to conduct business and the
Company has no current plans to formally undertake such an assessment.
<PAGE20>
ITEM 7. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
The financial statements of the Company, including the notes thereto and
report of the independent auditors thereon, are attached hereto as exhibits
following page number 21.
ITEM 8. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
None.
PART III
ITEM 9. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, PROMOTERS AND CONTROL PERSONS;
COMPLIANCE WITH SECTION 16(A) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT OF THE REGISTRANT.
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the
Company's definitive Proxy Statement for the annual meeting of stockholders
under the captions "Election of Directors," "Further Information Concerning the
Board of Directors," and "Section 16(a) Information." The Proxy Statement will
be filed within 120 days of the Company's fiscal year end.
ITEM 10. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the
Company's definitive Proxy Statement for the annual meeting of stockholders
under the caption "Executive Compensation." The Proxy Statement will be filed
within 120 days of the Company's fiscal year end.
ITEM 11. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT.
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the
Company's definitive Proxy Statement for the annual meeting of stockholders
under the caption "Principal Stockholders." The Proxy Statement will be filed
within 120 days of the Company's fiscal year end.
ITEM 12. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS.
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the
Company's definitive Proxy Statement for the annual meeting of stockholders
under the caption "Certain Relationships and Related Transactions." The Proxy
Statement will be filed within 120 days of the Company's fiscal year end.
ITEM 13. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K.
(A) EXHIBITS
3.1 Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Digital Power
Corporation*
3.2 Amendment to Articles of Incorporation*
3.3 Bylaws of Digital Power Corporation*
4.1 Specimen Common Stock Certificate**
4.2 Specimen Warrant*
<PAGE21>
4.3 Representative's Warrant*
10.1 Revolving Credit Facility with San Jose National Bank*
10.2 KDK Contract*
10.3 Agreement with Fortron/Source Corp.*
10.4 Employment Agreement With Robert O. Smith**
10.5 1997 Stock Option Plan*
10.6 Gresham Power Asset Purchase Agreement***
16.1 Letter on Changes in Certifying Accountants*
21.1 List of Subsidiaries of Issuer*
* Previously filed with Commission on October 16, 1996 to the Company's
Registration Statement on Form SB-2.
** Previously filed with Commission on December 3, 1996 to the Company's Pre-
Effective Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form SB-2.
*** Previously filed with Commission on February 2, 1998 to the Company's Form
8-K.
(B) REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
Form 8-K filed on February 2, 1998 with respect to Gresham Power
acquisition.
<PAGE22>
SIGNATURES
In accordance with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the registrant
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto
duly authorized.
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION,
A CALIFORNIA CORPORATION
ROBERT O. SMITH
__________________________________
Robert O. Smith,
Chief Executive Officer
In accordance with the Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by
the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on
the dates indicated.
SIGNATURES DATE
ROBERT O. SMITH March 31, 1998
________________________________________
Robert O. Smith, Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
PHILIP G. SWANY March 31, 1998
________________________________________
Philip G. Swany, Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Accounting and
Financial Officer)
EDWARD L. LAMMERDING March 31, 1998
________________________________________
Edward L. Lammerding,
Chairman of the Board
THOMAS W. O'NEIL March 31, 1998
________________________________________
Thomas W. O'Neil, Jr., Director
PHILIP M. LEE March 31, 1998
________________________________________
Philip M. Lee, Director
CLAUDE ADKINS March 31, 1998
________________________________________
Claude Adkins, Director
<PAGE>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION
AND SUBSIDIARY
Financial Statements
For the Years Ended
December 31, 1997 AND 1996
<PAGEF-1>
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
PAGE
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT...........................................F-2
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET - December 31, 1997.........................F-3
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME - For the Years
Ended December 31, 1997 and 1996..................................F-4
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - For the Years Ended
December 31, 1997 and 1996........................................F-5
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - For the Years
Ended December 31, 1997 and 1996..................................F-6
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.............................F-8
<PAGEF-2>
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
Digital Power Corporation and Subsidiary
Fremont, California
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Digital Power
Corporation and Subsidiary as of December 31, 1997, and the related
consolidated statements of income, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for the
years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit
also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis
for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Digital Power
Corporation and Subsidiary as of December 31, 1997, and the results of their
operations and their cash flows for the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996,
in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
HEIN + ASSOCIATES LLP
HEIN + ASSOCIATES LLP
Certified Public Accountants
Orange, California
March 13, 1998
<PAGEF-3>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
DECEMBER 31,
1997
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash $ 2,205,282
Accounts receivable - trade, net of allowance
for doubtful accounts of $235,000 2,976,003
Other receivables 193,432
Inventories, net 3,969,189
Prepaid expenses and deposits 129,250
Deferred income taxes 103,905
___________
Total current assets 9,577,061
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, net 868,133
DEPOSITS 17,260
___________
TOTAL ASSETS $10,462,454
___________
___________
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Current portion of long-term debt $ 99,967
Current portion of capital lease obligations 13,093
Accounts payable 1,702,685
Accrued liabilities 711,202
___________
Total current liabilities 2,526,947
LONG-TERM DEBT, less current portion 225,456
OBLIGATIONS UNDER CAPITAL LEASE, less current portion 5,108
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES 32,227
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Notes 6, 7, 10, and 11) -
___________
Total liabilities 2,789,738
___________
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:
Preferred stock issuable in series, no par value,
2,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and
outstanding -
Common stock, no par value, 10,000,000 shares
authorized, 2,694,485 shares issued and outstanding 8,856,489
Warrants 97,363
Additional paid-in capital 333,227
Accumulated deficit (1,288,940)
Unearned employee stock ownership plan shares (325,423)
___________
Total stockholders' equity 7,672,716
___________
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY $10,462,454
___________
___________
SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO THESE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
<PAGEF-4>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
1997 1996
REVENUES $18,884,259 $13,835,008
COST OF GOODS SOLD 13,955,529 9,956,763
___________ ___________
Gross margin 4,928,730 3,878,245
___________ ___________
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Engineering and product development 866,787 630,079
Marketing and selling 665,235 497,345
General and administrative 928,530 774,778
___________ ___________
Total operating expenses 2,460,552 1,902,202
___________ ___________
INCOME FROM OPERATIONS 2,468,178 1,976,043
___________ ___________
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):
Interest income 47,415 13,785
Interest expense (68,957) (160,112)
Translation loss (19,846) (7,082)
___________ ___________
Other income (expense) (41,388) (153,409)
___________ ___________
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES 2,426,790 1,822,634
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES 1,026,000 663,800
___________ ___________
NET INCOME $ 1,400,790 $ 1,158,834
___________ ___________
___________ ___________
NET INCOME APPLICABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS $ 1,400,790 $ 1,120,765
___________ ___________
___________ ___________
NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE:
Basic $ .54 $ .82
___________ ___________
___________ ___________
Diluted $ .41 $ .62
___________ ___________
___________ ___________
SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO THESE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
<PAGEF-5>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ADDITIONAL TOTAL
PREFERRED STOCK COMMON STOCK PAID-IN ACCUMULATED ESOP STOCKHOLDERS'
SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT WARRANTS CAPITAL DEFICIT SHARES EQUITY
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
BALANCES, January 1, 1996 415,302 $ 747,569 963,722 $4,261,923 $ - $136,399 $(3,459,310) $ - $1,686,581
Dividend on preferred
stock 216,229 389,213 - - (389,254) - (41)
Conversion of preferred
stock (415,302) (747,569) 415,302 747,569 - - - - -
Exercise of stock
options - - 18,022 9,011 - - - - 9,011
ESOP loan and shares
purchased - - - - - - - (500,000) (500,000)
Contribution to the ESOP - - - - - - - 38,872 38,872
Compensation costs
recognized upon issuance
of warrants - - - - 12,500 - - - 12,500
Sale of common stock and
warrants, net of expenses - - 750,000 2,222,530 54,375 - - - 2,276,905
Net income - - - - - - 1,158,834 - 1,158,834
_________ ________ _______ _________ _______ ______ __________ _________ _________
BALANCES, December 31,
1996 - - 2,363,275 7,630,246 66,875 136,399 (2,689,730) (461,128) 4,682,662
Sale of common stock and
warrants, net of
expenses - - 150,000 484,122 8,256 - - - 492,378
Exercise of stock options - - 55,500 99,900 - - - - 99,990
Exercise of warrants - - 125,710 642,221 (13,671) - - - 628,550
Contribution to the ESOP - - - - - - - 135,705 135,705
Compensation recognized
upon issuance of
warrants - - - - 35,903 - - - 35,903
Income tax benefit
arising from employee
stock option plans - - - - - 196,828 - - 196,828
Net income - - - - - - 1,400,790 - 1,400,790
_________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ___________ ___________ _________
BALANCES, December 31,
1997 - $ - 2,694,485 $8,856,489 $97,363 $333,227 $(1,288,940) $ (325,423) $7,672,716
_________ ________ _________ __________ _______ ________ ____________ ____________ __________
_________ ________ _________ __________ _______ ________ ____________ ____________ __________
</TABLE>
SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO THESE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
<PAGEF-6>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
1997 1996
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income $ 1,400,790 $1,158,834
____________ __________
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net
cash provided by (used in) operating
activities:
Depreciation and amortization 174,047 112,538
Deferred income taxes (18,678) 326,856
Warranty expense 30,000 75,000
Inventory reserve (100,000) (50,000)
Contribution to ESOP 135,705 38,872
Bad debt expense 65,000 50,000
Compensation costs recognized upon issuance
of warrants 35,903 12,500
Income tax benefit related to options
exercised 196,828 -
Foreign currency translation adjustment 19,846 7,082
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable (601,480) (873,026)
Other receivables (43,310) (92,264)
Inventory (1,036,860) (1,225,103)
Prepaid expenses (100,515) (943)
Other assets 168 936
Accounts payable 281,916 289,183
Other accrued liabilities (519,612) 728,551
__________ _________
Net adjustments (1,481,042) (599,818)
__________ _________
Net cash provided by (used in) operating
activities (80,252) 559,016
__________ _________
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of property and equipment (388,825) (408,213)
Sale of temporary investment - 100,000
__________ ________
Net cash used in investing activities (388,825) (308,213)
(continued)
<PAGEF-7>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(continued)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
1997 1996
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from sale of common stock and
warrants 492,378 2,276,905
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
and warrants 728,450 9,011
Payments of preferred stock dividend - (41)
Proceeds from notes payable - 50,000
Principal payments on notes payable (271,185) (83,392)
Principal payments on capital lease
obligations (13,406) (12,008)
Payment of debenture - (5,000)
Proceeds from line of credit 1,990,964 12,530,000
Principal payments on line of credit (3,188,294) (12,256,815)
__________ ___________
Net cash provided by (used in) financing
activities (261,093) 2,508,660
__________ ___________
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH (19,846) (7,082)
__________ ___________
NET (DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH (750,016) 2,752,381
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of period 2,955,298 202,917
__________ ___________
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of period $2,205,282 $ 2,955,298
__________ ___________
__________ ___________
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash payments for:
Interest $ 74,874 $ 152,716
__________ __________
__________ __________
Income taxes $1,017,402 $ 171,214
__________ __________
__________ __________
Non-cash investing and financing
transactions:
Conversion of preferred stock
to common stock $ - $ 747,569
__________ __________
__________ __________
Preferred stock dividend of common stock - $ 389,213
__________ __________
__________ __________
Notes payable for unearned employee
stock ownership plan shares $ - $ 500,000
__________ __________
__________ __________
SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO THESE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
<PAGEF-8>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS:
Digital Power Corporation ("DPC"), and its wholly owned subsidiary
Poder Digital, S.A. de C.V. ("PD") which is located in Guadalajara,
Mexico, (collectively referred to as the "Company") are engaged in the
design, manufacture and sale of switching power supplies.
2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION - The consolidated financial statements
include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiary. All significant
intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in
consolidation.
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS - For purposes of the statements of cash flows,
the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an
original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
INVENTORIES - Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-
out) or market.
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT - Property and equipment are stated at cost.
Depreciation of equipment and furniture is calculated using the straight-
line method over the estimated useful lives (ranging from 5 to 10 years)
of the respective assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the
shorter of the estimated useful life or the term of the lease. The
cost of normal maintenance and repairs is charged to operating expense as
incurred. Material expenditures which increase the life of an asset
are capitalized and depreciated over the estimated remaining useful life
of the asset. The cost of fixed assets sold, or otherwise disposed of,
and the related accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from
the accounts, and any gains or losses are reflected in current operations.
INCOME TAXES - The Company accounts for income taxes under the liability
method, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities
for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included
in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred
tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between
the financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities using
enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are
expected to reverse.
REVENUE RECOGNITION - Sales revenue is recognized when the products are
shipped to customers, including distributors. Customers receive a one or
two year product warranty and certain sales to distributors are subject
to a limited right of return. The Company provides a reserve for estimated
warranty costs and a reserve for estimated product returns.
FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION - Gains and losses from the effects of
exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in foreign
currencies are included in results of operations. Assets and
liabilities of the Company's foreign subsidiary are translated into U.S.
dollars at period-end exchange rates, and their revenues and expenses are
translated at average exchange rates for the period.
<PAGEF-9>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
EARNINGS PER SHARE - In February 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards
Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128,
"Earnings per Share" (FASB128). FASB128 provides for the calculation
of "basic" and "diluted" earnings per share versus primary and fully
diluted earnings per share. Basic earnings per share excludes dilution
and is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders
by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period.
Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur
if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised
or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common
stock that then shared in the earnings of the entity. The Company has
implemented this statement for the current year and has appropriately
reflected the adoption in the statement of operations. The results
of operations and financial position were unaffected by this
implementation.
ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES - The preparation of financial statements in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts
reported in the financial statements and the accompanying notes. The
actual results could differ from those estimates.
The Company's financial statements are based upon a number of significant
estimates, including the allowance for doubtful accounts, technological
obsolescence of inventories, the estimated useful lives selected for
property and equipment, realizability of deferred tax assets, allowance
for sales returns, and warranty reserve. Due to the uncertainties
inherent in the estimation process, it is at least reasonably possible
that these estimates will be further revised in the near term and such
revisions could be material.
IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS - In the event that facts and
circumstances indicate that the cost of long-lived assets may be impaired,
an evaluation of recoverability would be performed. If an evaluation is
required, the estimated future undiscounted cash flows associated with the
asset would be compared to the asset's carrying amount to determine if a
write-down to market value or discounted cash flow value is required.
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION - The Company has elected to follow
Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued
to Employees" (APB25) and related interpretations in accounting for
its employee stock options. In accordance with FASB Statement No. 123
"Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" (FASB123), the Company will
disclose the impact of adopting the fair value accounting of employee
stock options. Transactions in equity instruments with non-employees for
goods or services have been accounted for using the fair value method
prescribed by FASB123.
CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK - Credit Risk represents the accounting loss
that would be recognized at the reporting date if counterparties failed
completely to perform as contracted. Concentrations of credit risk
(whether on or off balance sheet) that arise from financial instruments
exist for groups of customers or groups of counterparties when
they have similar economic characteristics that would cause their ability
to meet contractual obligations to be similarly effected by changes in
economic or other conditions. In accordance with FASB Statement No.
105, DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION ABOUT FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS WITH OFF-
BALANCE-SHEET RISK AND FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS WITH CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT
<PAGEF-10>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
RISK, the credit risk amounts shown, in Note 11, do not take into account
the value of any collateral or security.
FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - The estimated fair values for
financial instruments under FASB Statement No. 107, DISCLOSURES ABOUT
FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS, are determined at discrete points in
time based on relevant market information. These estimates involve
uncertainties and cannot be determined with precision. The estimated
fair values of the Company's financial instruments, which includes all
cash, accounts receivables, accounts payable, long-term debt, and other
debt, approximates the carrying value in the consolidated financial
statements at December 31, 1997.
IMPACT OF RECENTLY ISSUED STANDARDS - The FASB recently issued Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards 130 "Reporting Comprehensive Income"
(FASB130) and Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 131 "Disclosures
About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information" (FASB131).
FASB130 establishes standards for reporting and display of comprehensive
income, its components and accumulated balances. Comprehensive income is
defined to include all changes in equity except those resulting from
investments by owners and distributions to owners. Among other disclosures,
FASB130 requires that all items that are required to be recognized under
current accounting standards as components of comprehensive income be
reported in a financial statement that displays with the same prominence
as other financial statements. FASB131 supersedes Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards 14 "Financial Reporting for Segments
of a Business Enterprise." FASB131 establishes standards on the way
that public companies report financial information about operating segments
in annual financial statements and requires reporting of selected
information about operating segments in interim financial statements
issued to the public. It also establishes standards for disclosures
regarding products and services, geographic areas and major customers.
FASB131 defines operating segments as components of a company about which
separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by
the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources
and in assessing performance.
FASB130 and FASB131 are effective for financial statement for periods
beginning after December 15, 1997 and require comparative information for
earlier years to be restated. Because of the recent issuance of these
standards, management has been unable to fully evaluate the impact, if any,
the standards may have on the future financial statement disclosures.
Results of operations and financial position, however, will be
unaffected by implementation of these standards.
RECLASSIFICATIONS - Certain reclassifications have been made to prior
year to conform to current year presentation.
<PAGEF-11>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3. INVENTORY:
Inventory consists of the following as of December 31,
1997:
Raw materials $ 2,874,226
Work-in-process 1,181,656
Finished goods 163,307
___________
4,219,189
Allowance for obsolescence (250,000)
___________
$ 3,969,189
___________
___________
4. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT:
Property and equipment consists of the following
at December 31, 1997:
Machinery and equipment $ 1,282,083
Office equipment and furniture 430,869
Leasehold improvements 169,801
Transportation equipment 3,168
___________
1,885,921
Accumulated depreciation and amortization (1,017,788)
___________
$ 868,133
__________
__________
5. ACCRUED LIABILITIES:
At December 31, 1997, accrued liabilities consists
of the following:
Accrued payroll and benefits $ 171,449
Accrued commissions and royalties 127,302
Accrued warranty and product returns expense 265,000
Other 147,451
___________
$ 711,202
___________
___________
<PAGEF-12>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
6. LONG-TERM DEBT:
As of December 31, 1997, long-term debt consisted of an Employee Stock
Ownership Plan loan, for which the current portion equalled $99,967 and the
long-term portion equaled $225,456. See Note 12 for details.
Aggregate maturities of long-term debt are due as follows:
YEARS ENDING
DECEMBER 31, AMOUNT
1998 $ 99,967
1999 110,984
2000 114,472
_________
$ 325,423
_________
_________
As of December 31, 1997, the Company had a revolving line of credit
agreement with a financial institution. The agreement provides for
borrowings up to 80% of eligible accounts receivable not to exceed
$1,500,000. The agreement calls for interest to be paid at the bank's prime
rate plus one percent. No amounts were outstanding at December 31, 1997.
Under the terms of the revolving line of credit agreement, the Company is
required to maintain working capital of not less than $800,000, a debt to
worth ratio less than 2.5 to 1.0, and a minimum tangible net worth of not
less than $1,500,000. As of December 31, 1997 the Company was in compliance
with all terms of the revolving line of credit agreement.
Subsequent to year-end, the Company entered into a new revolving line of
credit agreement with the same financial institution. The new agreement
provides for borrowings up to 80% of eligible accounts receivable plus 20%
of inventory or $500,000, whichever is less, not to exceed a total of
$3,000,000. Interest is to be paid monthly at the bank's prime rate. The
new financial covenants call for the Company to have a quarterly profits,
maintain a debt to worth ratio less than 1.0 to 1.0, and a minimum tangible
net worth of $6,000,000. At signing the Company was in compliance with all
covenants.
7. CAPITAL LEASE OBLIGATIONS:
The Company leases certain equipment under agreements classified as capital
leases. The cost of the equipment related to the leases is $54,332 and
accumulated depreciation amounts to $36,174 at December 31, 1997.
<PAGEF-13>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Following is a schedule of future minimum lease payments under capital
leases at December 31, 1997:
YEARS ENDING
DECEMBER 31, AMOUNT
1998 $ 14,689
1999 5,282
________
Total future minimum lease payments 19,971
Less amount representing interest (1,770)
________
Present value of net minimum lease payments 18,201
Less current portion (13,093)
________
$ 5,108
________
________
8. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:
COMMON STOCK
In December, 1996, the Company completed a public offering of 750,000
shares of its common stock along with 500,000 warrants, at a public
offering price of $4.00 per share and $.125 per warrant.
As part of the public offering, the underwriter was allocated an additional
150,000 shares at $4.00 per share and 75,000 warrants at $.125 per warrant
to cover over-allotments, if any. On January 8, 1997, the underwriter
exercised and sold the over allotment shares and warrants for net proceeds
of $492,378.
PREFERRED STOCK
The preferred stock has one series authorized, 500,000 shares of Series
A cumulative redeemable convertible preferred stock ("Series A"),
and an additional 1,500,000 shares of preferred stock has been
authorized, but the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions on
these shares has not been determined. DPC's Board of Directors is
authorized to create new series of preferred stock and fix the
number of shares as well as the rights, preferences, privileges and
restrictions granted to or imposed upon any series of preferred stock.
On May 31, 1996, all of the 415,302 issued and outstanding shares of
Series A preferred stock were converted into 415,302 shares of common
stock at the statutory rate of $1.80 per share. Additionally, the
Company declared a dividend on the Series A preferred stock for all
unpaid dividends through the conversion date and issued an aggregate of
216,229 shares of common stock.
The holders of Series A were entitled to one vote for each share of common
stock into which the Series A could be converted, and vote together with
the common shareholders as a single class. Dividends on Series A were at
an annual rate of $.22 per share and were cumulative from the date of
issuance, and were required to be paid prior to dividends on common stock.
<PAGEF-14>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Shares of Series A were convertible into common stock at any time at the
option of the holder at a rate of one share of common stock for each
share of Series A. The conversion rate was subject to adjustment under
certain circumstances.
In the event of a liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the Company,
Series A holders were entitled to receive a liquidation preference of $1.80
per share of Series A plus all dividends in arrears.
STOCK OPTIONS
The Company has issued non-qualified options covering 104,922
shares exercisable at $.50 per share. Upon issuance, the Company
recorded compensation expense for the difference between the exercise price
and the fair market value of the underlying common stock of $1.80 per
share. Such options expire in 2003. During the year ended December 31,
1996, 18,022 of such options were exercised.
In May, 1993, the Company issued options to purchase 237,500 shares of
its common stock at $1.80 per share. Such options are subject to a
four year vesting plan. The exercise price of $1.80 per share
approximated the fair market value at the date of grant. During the year
ended December 31, 1997, 55,500 of such options were exercised.
In May, 1996, the Company adopted the 1996 Stock Option Plan covering
513,000 shares. Under the plan, the Company can issue either incentive
or non-statutory stock options. The price of the options granted pursuant
to the plan will not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the
shares on the date of grant. The board of directors will decide the
vesting period of the options, if any, and no option will be
exercisable after ten years from the date granted. Immediately thereafter,
the Company issued options to purchase 275,500 shares of its common stock
at $1.80 per share. Such options become 100% vested two years after
issuance. The exercise price was based upon a letter from its investment
banker as to the fair market value of such options based upon their terms,
conditions and restrictions. During the year ended December 31, 1997,
27,000 of such options were forfeited.
On January 2, 1997, the Company granted 100,000 options to purchase
the Company's stock to the president of the Company, in accordance
with his employment agreement. The exercise price of $5.4375 per share
was equal to the fair market value on the date of grant.
On February 4, 1997, the Company granted 28,000 options with an exercise
price of $6.625 per share, which was equal to the fair market value on
the date of grant, to certain employees to purchase the Company's stock.
The options vest over 4 years at 25% per year.
On November 4, 1997, the Company granted 10,000 options with an exercise
price of $7.125 per share, which was equal to the fair market value on
the date of grant, to an employee, to purchase the Company's stock. The
options vest over 4 years at 25% per year.
<PAGEF-15>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The following table sets forth activity for all options:
AVERAGE
EXERCISE PRICE
NUMBER PER SHARE
OUTSTANDING, January 1, 1996 342,422 $ .50 - $1.80
Granted 275,500 1.80
Forfeited (2,500) 1.80
Exercised (18,022) .50
________ _____________
BALANCE, December 31, 1996 597,400 $ .50 - $1.80
Granted 138,000 5.80
Forfeited (27,000) 3.23
Exercised (55,500) 1.80
________ _____________
BALANCE, December 31, 1997 652,900 $ 2.41
________ _____________
________ _____________
At December 31, 1997 and 1996 options to purchase 366,400 and 265,025 shares,
respectively, were exercisable at prices ranging from $.50 to $1.80 per share.
The remaining 286,500 shares become exercisable as follows:
WEIGHTED
NUMBER OF AVERAGE
YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, SHARES EXERCISE PRICE
1998 264,000 $ 1.94
1999 7,500 6.79
2000 7,500 6.79
2001 7,500 6.79
_______ _______
286,500 $ 2.32
_______ _______
_______ _______
<PAGEF-16>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
If not previously exercised the outstanding options will expire as follows:
WEIGHTED
NUMBER OF AVERAGE
YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, SHARES EXERCISE PRICE
2003 266,400 $ 1.38
2004 - -
2005 - -
2006 256,500 1.80
2007 130,000 5.75
_______ ______
652,900 $ 2.41
_______ ______
_______ ______
WARRANTS
The following represents all activity that took place with regards to warrants
issued:
AVERAGE
EXERCISE PRICE
NUMBER PER SHARE
OUTSTANDING, January 1, 1996 - $ -
Sold 500,000 5.00
Granted 350,000 4.96
Exercised - -
Expired - -
_______ _____
BALANCE, December 31, 1996 850,000 $4.99
Sold 75,000 5.00
Granted 15,000 6.75
Exercised 125,710 5.00
Expired - -
_______ _____
BALANCE, December 31, 1997 814,290 $5.02
_______ _____
_______ _____
Compensation cost related to the warrants granted for outside services amounted
to $35,903 and $12,500 for the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996,
respectively. The warrants expire three years after the grant date.
<PAGEF-17>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
PROFORMA INFORMATION
As stated in Note 2, the Company has not adopted the fair value accounting
prescribed by FASB123 for employees. Had compensation cost for stock options
or warrants issued to employees been determined based on the fair value at
grant date for awards in 1997 and 1996 consistent with the provisions of
FASB123, the Company's net income and net income per share would have been
reduced to the proforma amounts indicated below:
1997 1996
Net Income $1,159,540 $1,133,473
Net income per common share:
Basic $ .45 $ .67
Diluted $ .34 $ .61
The fair value of each option or warrant is estimated on the date of grant
using the present value of the exercise price and is pro-rated based on the
percent of time from the grant date to the end of the vesting period. The
weighted-average fair value of the options on the grant date was $5.80 and
$1.50 per share for 1997 and 1996, respectively. The following assumptions
were used for grants in 1997 and 1996: average risk-free interest rate of 5.8%
and 6.17%, respectively; expected lives of two years; dividend yield of 0%; and
expected volatility of 56.8% and 0%, respectively.
<PAGEF-18>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
9. EARNINGS PER SHARE:
The following represents the calculation of the earnings per share:
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
BASIC 1997 1996
Net income $1,400,790 $1,158,834
Less - preferred stock dividends - 38,069
__________ __________
Net income applicable to common
shareholders $1,400,790 $1,120,765
__________ __________
__________ __________
Weighted average number of common shares 2,577,889 1,367,843
__________ __________
__________ __________
Basic earnings per share $ .54 $ .82
__________ __________
__________ __________
DILUTED
Net income available to common
shareholders $1,400,790 $1,120,765
Preferred stock dividend - 38,069
__________ __________
Net income available to common
shareholders plus assumed conversion $1,400,790 $1,158,834
__________ __________
__________ __________
Weighted average number of common shares 2,577,889 1,367,843
Common stock equivalent shares
representing shares issuable upon
exercise of stock options 487,237 323,293
Common stock equivalent shares
representing shares issuable upon
exercise of warrants 355,252 -
Weighted average number of shares issuable
upon conversion of preferred stock - 171,810
__________ __________
Weighted average number of shares used in
calculation of diluted income per share 3,420,378 1,862,946
__________ __________
__________ __________
Diluted earnings per share $ .41 $ .62
__________ __________
__________ __________
<PAGEF-19>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
10. COMMITMENTS:
LEASES
The Company leases office space in California, and a manufacturing facility in
Guadalajara, Mexico under operating leases. The total future minimum lease
payments are as follows:
YEARS ENDING
DECEMBER 31, AMOUNT
1998 $108,880
1999 109,174
2000 112,579
2001 10,378
________
$341,011
________
________
Lease payments on the manufacturing facility in Mexico are to be made in
Mexican Pesos. The above schedule was prepared using the conversion rate in
effect at December 31, 1997. Changes in the conversion rate will have an
impact on the Company's required minimum payments and its operating results.
Additionally, lease payments on the facility in Mexico will increase on an
annual basis in proportion to the increase in the minimum wage in the
Guadalajara, Mexico area.
Rent expense was $117,341 and $119,106 for 1997 and 1996, respectively.
ROYALTY AGREEMENT
The Company has a royalty agreement with a third party on various products, and
any derivatives from the base design of these products. Commitments under this
agreement are as follows:
5% of first $20,000,000 in sales of these products
4% of next $25,000,000 in sales of these products
3% of next $33,333,333 in sales of these products
2% of next $50,000,000 in sales of these products
1% of next $100,000,000 in sales of these products
As of December 31, 1997 and 1996, the Company had sold approximately
$14,853,000 and $14,476,000 of product subject to this agreement.
If the Company sells an additional $5,147,000 of these products after December
31, 1997, the Company is required to grant 100,000 shares of common stock to
the third party in the royalty agreement. Due to changing market demand, the
Company's management currently expects to replace these products with products
it is in the process of designing, and Company's management believes the
Company will therefore not have to grant the 100,000 shares of common stock.
<PAGEF-20>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Company sold approximately $377,000 and $847,000 of these products in 1997
and 1996, respectively, and had royalty expenses of approximately $18,800 and
$42,300 for 1997 and 1996, respectively.
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
The Company has an employment contract with its President/CEO which terminates
on December 31, 1999. Under the terms of the employment contract, he shall
serve as president and chief executive officer of the Company and his salary
shall be $150,000 per annum effective January 1, 1997, increasing in an amount
to be determined by the employee and the Board such that he shall receive
$200,000 per annum by January 1, 1999. In addition, pursuant to the contract,
he shall have the right to receive on the first day of each January during the
term of his contract options to acquire 100,000 shares of Common Stock at the
lower of market value per share as of such date or the average per share bid
price for the first six months beginning from the date of grant of this option.
Finally, pursuant to the employment contract, in the event there is a change in
control of the Company, the employee shall be granted a five year consulting
contract at $200,000 per year.
11. SIGNIFICANT CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK, MAJOR CUSTOMERS AND OTHER RISKS
AND UNCERTAINTIES:
Sales to unaffiliated customers which represent more than 10% of the Company's
net sales for 1997 and 1996 were as follows (customers A & C are distributors):
CUSTOMER 1997 1996
A 25% 21%
B 14% 11%
C 24% 18%
The Company operates primarily in one industry segment: the manufacture and
sale of switching power supplies. Additionally, most of the Company's sales
are to customers located in California. Financial instruments that subject the
Company to credit risk consist primarily of accounts receivable. The Company
frequently sells large quantities of inventory to its customers. At December
31, 1997, approximately $2,259,681 or 70.4% of the Company's net accounts
receivable were due from six customers.
As of December 31, 1997, the Company maintained cash in banks that was
approximately $1,995,800 in excess of the federally insured limit.
<PAGEF-21>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
12. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS:
401(K) PROFIT SHARING PLAN
The Company has a 401(k) profit sharing plan (the "Plan") covering
substantially all employees of DPC. Eligible employees may make voluntary
contributions to the Plan, which are matched by the Company at a rate of $.25
for each $1.00 contributed, up to a maximum of six percent of eligible
compensation. The Company can also make discretionary contributions. The
Company made matching contributions to the Plan of $19,625 and $11,844 for 1997
and 1996, respectively. The Board of Directors of DPC elected not to make a
discretionary contribution to the Plan for 1997 or 1996.
EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP PLAN
The Company also has an employee stock ownership plan (the "ESOP") covering
substantially all employees of DPC. The Company can make discretionary
contributions of cash or company stock (as defined in the ESOP plan document)
up to deductible limits prescribed by the Internal Revenue Code.
Effective June 13, 1996, the ESOP obtained a $500,000 loan guaranteed by the
Company for the purpose of acquiring common stock of the Company from existing
stockholders. The loan bears interest at 10.5% per annum and requires monthly
payments of principal and interest of $10,784 through June 2001. The balance
at December 31, 1997 was $325,423. Immediately upon the funding of the loan,
the ESOP purchased approximately 154,000 shares of the Company's common stock
from existing shareholders. The Company is required to contribute amounts to
the plan to sufficiently cover the debt payments. Contributions to the plan in
1997 and 1996 totaled $179,416 and $116,308, respectively.
In accordance with the AICPA Statements of Position 93-6 entitled "Employers
Accounting for Employee Stock Ownership Plans", the Company has recorded the
$500,000 loan as debt on its books with a corresponding charge to stockholder's
equity.
<PAGEF-22>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
13. INCOME TAXES:
Income tax expense (benefit) is comprised of the following:
FOR YEARS ENDED
1997 1996
Current
Federal $ 808,978 $ 133,052
State 235,700 203,892
__________ _________
1,044,678 336,944
Deferred
Federal (15,135) 238,073
State (3,543) 88,783
__________ _________
(18,678) 326,856
__________ _________
Income tax expense $1,026,000 $ 663,800
__________ _________
__________ _________
The components of the net deferred tax asset and liability recognized as of
December 31, 1997 are as follows:
Current deferred tax assets (liabilities):
Accounts receivable, principally due to allowance
for doubtful accounts $ 94,324
Compensated absences, principally due to accrual
for financial reporting purposes 37,082
Accrued commissions 14,309
Inventory reserve 100,345
Warranty reserve 66,228
Stock rotation liability 40,138
Book compensation for stock options 14,411
Effect of change in accounting method (328,778)
State taxes 65,846
__________
Net current deferred tax asset $ 103,905
__________
__________
Long-term deferred tax assets (liabilities):
Depreciation $ (32,227)
__________
Net long-term deferred tax liability $ (32,227)
__________
__________
<PAGEF-23>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Total income tax expense differed from the amounts computed by applying the
U.S. federal statutory tax rates to pre-tax income as follows:
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
1997 1996
Total expense computed by applying
the U.S. statutory rate 34.0% 34.0%
Permanent differences .2 -
State income taxes 8.0 9.3
Utilization of net operating loss
carryforward - (3.2)
Effect of income taxable in Mexico (.4) 1.4
Income tax credits - (5.1)
Other .5 -
_____ _____
41.3% 36.4%
_____ _____
_____ _____
14. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS:
In January, 1998, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire the assets
of Gresham Power Electronics, a division of Gresham Lion Technology Ltd., a
European Corporation. The Company will pay U.S. $2.7 million cash plus earn-
out. The net asset value (NAV) will be determined as of January 22, 1998 and
will be equal to the value of the fixed assets, accounts receivable, and
inventory, less the value of the agreed liabilities. The cash consideration
will be increased by US $1.6284 for each pound that the NAV exceeds UK
<pound-sterling>1,100,000 and decreased in the same way. From the transfer date
to March 31, 1998, an accounting is to be done and additional consideration
shall be paid as follows: (a) US $1.15 for every pound of earnings before
interest, taxes, and purchaser group charges in excess of UK
<pound-sterling>250,000 up to a maximum payment of US $300,000; and (b) US
$300,000 in the event that the post compensation NAV equals or exceeds UK
<pound-sterling>1,000,000.
On January 2, 1997 the Company granted 100,000 options to purchase the
Company's stock to the president of the Company, in accordance with his
employment agreement.
On January 12, 1998, the board of directors granted 229,000 options to
employees under the 1996 option plan. The exercise price equaled the market
price on the date of grant.
On February 11, 1998 the board of directors granted 125,000 options to the new
employees from the Gresham acquisition. These options have been granted under a
new plan that is in process of being created. The plan will be in substantially
the same form as the current 1996 option plan. The exercise price equals the
market price on the date of grant.
On February 11,1998, the board of directors granted 10,000 non-qualifying
options to outside directors for 1998 with a one year vesting period at market
price.
<PAGEF-24>
DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Additionally see Note 6.
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<ARTICLE> 5
<LEGEND>
THIS SCHEDULE CONTAINS SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION EXTRACTED FROM THE 10-KSB
FOR THE PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997 FOR DIGITAL POWER CORPORATION AND IS
QUALIFIED IN ITS ENTIRETY BY REFERENCE TO SUCH FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
</LEGEND>
<PERIOD-TYPE> 12-MOS
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1997
<PERIOD-END> DEC-31-1997
<CASH> 2,205,282
<SECURITIES> 0
<RECEIVABLES> 3,211,003
<ALLOWANCES> (235,000)
<INVENTORY> 3,969,189
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 9,577,061
<PP&E> 1,885,921
<DEPRECIATION> (1,017,788)
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 10,462,454
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 2,526,947
<BONDS> 0
0
0
<COMMON> 8,856,489
<OTHER-SE> (1,183,773)
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 10,462,454
<SALES> 18,884,259
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 18,884,259
<CGS> 13,955,529
<TOTAL-COSTS> 13,955,529
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 2,460,552
<LOSS-PROVISION> 0
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> (68,957)
<INCOME-PRETAX> 2,426,790
<INCOME-TAX> 1,026,000
<INCOME-CONTINUING> 1,400,790
<DISCONTINUED> 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> 1,400,90
<EPS-PRIMARY> .54
<EPS-DILUTED> .41
</TABLE>
