PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(TO PROSPECTUS DATED MARCH 6, 1997)
$302,000,000
AFC MORTGAGE LOAN ASSET BACKED CERTIFICATES, SERIES 1997-2
SUPERIOR BANK FSB,
DEPOSITOR
----------------------------
The Series 1997-2 AFC Mortgage Loan Asset Backed Certificates will
consist of seven Classes of certificates (collectively, the "Certificates"),
Class 1A-1, Class 1A-2, Class 1A-3, Class 1A-4, Class 1A-5 (collectively, the
"Class 1A Certificates"), Class 2A (together with the Class 1A Certificates, the
"Class A Certificates") and Class R. The Class A Certificates will have the
initial principal balances set forth below. Only the Class A Certificates are
offered hereby.
The Class A Certificates will represent a senior undivided interest
in a trust fund (the "Trust Fund") created by Superior Bank FSB (the
"Depositor"), consisting of two sub-pools of mortgage loans secured by first and
second liens on single-family properties, units in planned unit developments,
individual condominium units, manufactured homes, multifamily properties and
mixed residential and commercial structures (the "Mortgage Loans") originated or
purchased by the Depositor, all proceeds thereof due after the Cut-off Date with
respect to the Initial Mortgage Loans or the Subsequent Cut-off Date with
respect to the Subsequent Mortgage Loans, as such terms are defined herein
(other than the Depositor's Yield as described in the Prospectus), the
certificate (continued on next page)
[LOGO] Financial Guaranty Insurance
Company
FGIC is a registered service mark used by Financial Guaranty Insurance Company,
a private company not affiliated with any U.S. Government agency.
----------------------------
PROCEEDS OF THE ASSETS IN THE TRUST FUND, INCLUDING THE CERTIFICATE INSURANCE
POLICY, ARE THE SOLE SOURCE OF PAYMENTS ON THE CLASS A CERTIFICATES. THE CLASS A
CERTIFICATES DO NOT REPRESENT AN INTEREST IN OR OBLIGATION OF THE DEPOSITOR OR
ANY OF ITS AFFILIATES. NEITHER THE CLASS A CERTIFICATES NOR THE UNDERLYING
MORTGAGE LOANS ARE INSURED OR GUARANTEED BY ANY GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY OR
INSTRUMENTALITY OR BY THE DEPOSITOR OR ANY
OF ITS AFFILIATES.
THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION NOR HAS THE SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE
ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT OR THE PROSPECTUS.
ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK HAS NOT PASSED ON OR ENDORSED
THE MERITS OF THIS OFFERING. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS UNLAWFUL.
PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS SHOULD CONSIDER THE FACTORS SET FORTH UNDER
"RISK FACTORS" ON PAGE S-20 OF THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT AND ON PAGE 9 OF THE
ACCOMPANYING PROSPECTUS.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
==========================================================================================================================
INITIAL PRINCIPAL PASS-THROUGH PRICE TO UNDERWRITING PROCEEDS TO
BALANCE RATE PUBLIC DISCOUNT DEPOSITOR(1)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Per Class 1A-1 Certificate......... $49,800,000 Variable 100% 0.2% 99.8%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Per Class 1A-2 Certificate......... $14,500,000 6.67% 100%(2) 0.25% 99.75%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Per Class 1A-3 Certificate......... $24,200,000 6.76% 99.984375%(2) 0.35% 99.634375%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Per Class 1A-4 Certificate......... $13,000,000 7.04% 99.96875%(2) 0.4% 99.56875%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Per Class 1A-5 Certificate......... $32,946,000 6.97% 99.953125(2) 0.5% 99.453125%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Per Class 2A Certificate........... $167,554,000 Variable 100% 0.325% 99.675%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total.............................. $302,000,000 N/A $301,976,712.81 $981,830.50 $300,994,882.31
==========================================================================================================================
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(1) Before deducting expenses payable by the Depositor estimated to be
$295,000.
(2) Plus accrued interest from June 1, 1997.
----------------------------
The Class A Certificates are offered subject to receipt and acceptance by
the Underwriters, to prior sale and to the Underwriters' right to reject any
order in whole or in part and to withdraw, cancel or modify the offer without
notice. It is expected that delivery of the Class A Certificates will be made
solely in book-entry form through The Depository Trust Company in the United
States or CEDEL and Euroclear (each as defined herein) in Europe against payment
therefor in immediately available funds in New York, New York, on or about June
25, 1997.
----------------------------
MERRILL LYNCH & CO. J.P. MORGAN & CO.
----------------------------
The date of this Prospectus Supplement is June 18, 1997.
<PAGE>
(continued from preceding page)
insurance policy described herein, funds on deposit in two Pre-Funding Accounts
to be established with the Trustee, certain other accounts and certain other
property (Sub-Pool 1 and Sub-Pool 2, each a "Sub-Pool", and collectively, the
"Mortgage Pool").
Additional Mortgage Loans are intended to be purchased by the Trust Fund
from the Depositor on or before August 22, 1997 from funds on deposit in the
Pre-Funding Accounts. On the Closing Date, the Depositor will pay to the Trustee
$40,937,753.72 for deposit in the Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funding Account and
$52,861,851.87 for deposit in the Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funding Account. Sub-Pool 1
consists of fixed-rate mortgage loans which are secured by first and second
liens and Sub-Pool 2 consists of adjustable-rate mortgage loans which are
secured by first liens. The Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans will be subject to annual
or semiannual mortgage rate adjustments after an initial six-month,
twelve-month, twenty-four month or thirty-six month period, based upon changes
in either the weekly average yield on United States Treasury Securities adjusted
to a constant maturity of one year (the "One-Year U.S. Treasury Index"), or
six-month London interbank offered rates for United States dollar-denominated
deposits in the London market (the "Six-Month LIBOR Index") (each, an "Index")
as described herein under "The Mortgage Pool--Sub-Pool 2." The Certificates will
be issued pursuant to a Pooling and Servicing Agreement to be entered into as of
the Cut-off Date among the Depositor, the Lee Servicing Company division of the
Depositor, as servicer (the "Servicer"), and LaSalle National Bank, as trustee
(the "Trustee"). To the extent described herein, the Class 1A and Class 2A
Certificates are cross-collateralized so that, in certain circumstances, Excess
Spread and principal collections on a Sub-Pool will be available to Holders of
the Class A Certificates related to the other Sub-Pool. Credit enhancement with
respect to the Class 2A Certificates will be provided in part by the initial
overcollateralization resulting from the sum of the Original Sub-Pool 2
Principal Balance and the Original Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funded Amount exceeding the
initial Class 2A Principal Balance as of the Closing Date.
The Class A Certificates will be unconditionally and irrevocably
guaranteed as to payment of the related Class A Remittance Amount to the extent
described herein on each Remittance Date pursuant to the terms of the
Certificate Insurance Policy to be issued by Financial Guaranty Insurance
Company.
Distributions on the Certificates will be made on the 25th day of each
month or, if such day is not a business day, then on the next business day
commencing on July 25, 1997 (each, a "Remittance Date"), to the extent and in
the manner set forth herein.
The yield to investors on the Class A Certificates will be sensitive in
varying degrees to, among other things, the rate and timing of principal
payments (including prepayments) of the Mortgage Loans and, with respect to
Sub-Pool 2, to the level of the related Index. The yield to maturity of the
Class A Certificates may vary from the anticipated yield to the extent such
Certificates are purchased at a discount or premium and to the extent the rate
and timing of payments thereon is sensitive to prepayments and an increased or
decreased rate of payment of principal. Holders of the Class A Certificates
purchased at a discount should consider the risk that a slower than anticipated
rate of principal payments could result in an actual yield that is lower than
the anticipated yield and Holders of Class A Certificates purchased at a premium
should consider the risk that a faster than anticipated rate of principal
payments could result in an actual yield that is lower than the anticipated
yield.
There is currently no secondary market for the Class A Certificates.
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and J.P. Morgan Securities
Inc. (the "Underwriters") intend to make a secondary market in the Class A
Certificates, but are not obligated to do so. There can be no assurance that a
secondary market for the Class A Certificates will develop or, if it does
develop, that it will continue.
As a condition of issuance, the Class 1A and Class 2A Certificates will be
rated Aaa by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. and "AAA" by Standard & Poor's
Ratings Services, A Division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
As described herein, a real estate mortgage investment conduit ("REMIC")
election will be made in connection with the Trust Fund for federal income tax
purposes, exclusive of the Interest Coverage Accounts and any supplemental
interest account (the "Trust Fund REMIC"). The Class A Certificates will
constitute "regular interests" and the Class R Certificates will constitute the
sole class of "residual interests" in such REMIC. See "Certain Federal Income
Tax Consequences" herein and in the Prospectus.
S-2
<PAGE>
----------------------------
CERTAIN PERSONS PARTICIPATING IN THIS OFFERING MAY ENGAGE IN TRANSACTIONS
THAT STABILIZE, MAINTAIN, OR OTHERWISE AFFECT THE PRICE OF THE CLASS A
CERTIFICATES. FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THESE ACTIVITIES, SEE "METHOD OF
DISTRIBUTION" HEREIN.
----------------------------
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
The Depositor has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
"Commission") a Registration Statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, with respect to the Class A Certificates. This Prospectus Supplement
and the Prospectus, which forms a part of the Registration Statement, omit
certain information contained in such Registration Statement pursuant to the
Rules and Regulations of the Commission. The Registration Statement and the
exhibits thereto can be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities
maintained by the Commission at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549,
and certain of its Regional Offices located as follows: Midwest Regional Office,
Northwestern Atrium Center, 500 West Madison Street, Chicago, Illinois 60661;
and Northeast Regional Office, Suite 1300, Seven World Trade Center, New York,
New York 10048. Copies of such material can also be obtained from the Public
Reference Section of the Commission, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C.
20549, at prescribed rates.
REPORTS TO CERTIFICATEHOLDERS
Periodic and annual reports concerning the Trust Fund are required under
the Pooling Agreement to be forwarded to holders of the Certificates ("Holders"
or "Certificateholders"). Such reports will not be examined and reported on by
an independent public accountant. See "Description of the Certificates--Reports
to Certificateholders" in the Prospectus.
THE CLASS A CERTIFICATES DESCRIBED IN THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
CONSTITUTE PART OF A SEPARATE SERIES OF CERTIFICATES ISSUED BY THE DEPOSITOR AND
ARE BEING OFFERED PURSUANT TO ITS PROSPECTUS DATED MARCH 6, 1997, OF WHICH THIS
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT IS A PART AND WHICH ACCOMPANIES THIS PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT. THE PROSPECTUS CONTAINS IMPORTANT INFORMATION REGARDING THIS
OFFERING WHICH IS NOT CONTAINED HEREIN, AND PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS ARE URGED TO
READ THE PROSPECTUS AND THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT IN FULL. SALES OF THE CLASS A
CERTIFICATES MAY NOT BE CONSUMMATED UNLESS THE PURCHASER HAS RECEIVED BOTH THIS
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT AND THE PROSPECTUS.
S-3
<PAGE>
SUMMARY OF PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
This summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the detailed
information appearing elsewhere in this Prospectus Supplement and the
Prospectus. Certain capitalized terms used in this Prospectus Supplement are
defined elsewhere herein or in the Prospectus. A listing of the pages on which
some of such terms are defined is found in the "Index of Principal Definitions"
herein and in the Prospectus.
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Title of Securities............................AFC Mortgage Loan Asset Backed Certificates, Series 1997-2, Class
1A-1, Class 1A-2, Class 1A-3, Class 1A-4, Class 1A-5, Class 2A
and Class R (the Class 1A-1, Class 1A-2, Class 1A-3, Class 1A-4
and Class 1A-5 Certificates are referred to herein as the "Class 1A
Certificates"; the Class 1A and Class 2A Certificates are referred
to herein as the "Class A Certificates"; the Class A and Class R
Certificates are referred to herein as the "Certificates"; each such
class, a "Class"). The Certificates will be issued on the Closing
Date pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (the "Pooling
Agreement"), dated as of the Cut-off Date, by and among the
Depositor, the Servicer and the Trustee. Only the Class A
Certificates are offered hereby.
Depositor......................................Superior Bank FSB, a federally chartered stock savings bank (the
"Depositor"), will deposit into the Trust Fund mortgage loans
originated or purchased by the Depositor. See "The Depositor"
herein and in the Prospectus.
Servicer.......................................The Lee Servicing Company division of the Depositor (the "Servicer"
or the "Lee Servicing Division"). See "Pooling Agreement--The
Servicer" herein and "The Servicer" in the Prospectus.
Trustee........................................LaSalle National Bank, a nationally chartered bank. See "Pooling
Agreement--The Trustee" herein.
Cut-off Date...................................June 1, 1997.
Distributions..................................Distributions on the Certificates will be made on the 25th day of each
month or, if such day is not a Business Day, on the first Business Day
thereafter commencing July 25, 1997 (each, a "Remittance Date").
Distributions on each Remittance Date will be made to
Certificateholders of record as of the Business Day immediately
preceding such Remittance Date, in the case of the Class 1A-1
Certificates and the Class 2A Certificates, and the last Business Day
of the month preceding the month of such Remittance Date, in the case
of all other Classes of Certificates (each, a "Record Date"), except
that the initial distribution on all Classes of Certificates other
than the Class 1A-1 Certificates and the Class 2A Certificates will be
made to Certificateholders of record as of the Closing Date and the
final distribution on the Certificates will be made only upon
presentment and surrender of the Certificates at the office or agency
of the Trustee in Chicago, Illinois.
Registration of Offered
Certificates..................................Holders of the Certificates may elect to hold their Certificate interests
through The Depository Trust Company ("DTC"), in the United
States, or Centrale de Livraison de Valeurs Mobilieres S.A.
("CEDEL") or the Euroclear System ("Euroclear"), in Europe.
Transfers within DTC, CEDEL or Euroclear, as the case may be,
will be in accordance with the usual rules and operating procedures
of the relevant system. Cross-market transfers between persons
holding directly or indirectly through DTC, on the one hand, and
S-4
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counterparties holding directly or indirectly through CEDEL or
Euroclear, on the other, will be effected in DTC through Citibank,
N.A. or The Chase Manhattan Bank, the relevant depositaries
(collectively, the "Depositaries") of CEDEL or Euroclear,
respectively, and each a participating member of DTC. The Certificates
will be initially registered in the name of CEDE & Co., the nominee of
DTC. The interests of the Certificateholders will be represented by
book-entries on the records of DTC, its Participants and Indirect
Participants for the benefit of the Certificate Owners. Certificates
representing the Class A Certificates will be issued in definitive
form only under the limited circumstances described in the Prospectus.
In the case of the Class A Certificates, all references herein to
"Holders" or "Certificateholders" shall reflect the rights of
Certificate Owners as they may indirectly exercise such rights through
DTC, CEDEL, Euroclear and participating members thereof, except as
otherwise specified in the Prospectus. See "Risk Factors-Difficulty in
Pledging" and "-Potential Delays in Receipt of Distributions" herein
and "Risk Factors" and "Description of the Certificates--Book-Entry
Registration and Definitive Certificates" in the Prospectus.
The Class A Certificates.......................The Class 1A-1 Certificates will have an initial principal balance of
$49,800,000 (the initial "Class 1A-1 Principal Balance") as of the
date of initial issuance (the "Closing Date"), and will accrue
interest at the Class 1A-1 Pass-Through Rate. The Class 1A-2
Certificates will have an initial principal balance of $14,500,000
(the initial "Class 1A-2 Principal Balance") as of the Closing Date,
and will accrue interest at the Class 1A-2 Pass-Through Rate. The
Class 1A-3 Certificates will have an initial principal balance of
$24,200,000 (the initial "Class 1A-3 Principal Balance") as of the
Closing Date, and will accrue interest at the Class 1A-3 Pass-Through
Rate. The Class 1A-4 Certificates will have an initial principal
balance of $13,000,000 (the initial "Class 1A-4 Principal Balance") as
of the Closing Date, and will accrue interest at the Class 1A-4
Pass-Through Rate. The Class 1A-5 Certificates will have an initial
principal balance of $32,946,000 (the initial "Class 1A-5 Principal
Balance") as of the Closing Date, and will accrue interest at the
Class 1A-5 Pass-Through Rate. The aggregate initial principal balance
of the Class 1A Certificates is $134,446,000.
The Class 2A Certificates will have an initial principal balance of
$167,554,000 (the initial "Class 2A Principal Balance") as of the
Closing Date, and will accrue interest at the Class 2A Pass-Through
Rate.
The sum of the Class 1A-1 Principal Balance, the Class 1A-2 Principal
Balance, the Class 1A-3 Principal Balance, the Class 1A-4 Principal
Balance and the Class 1A-5 Principal Balance is referred to herein as
the "Class 1A Principal Balance." The Class 1A Principal Balance and
the Class 2A Principal Balance are collectively referred to herein as
the "Class A Principal Balance."
Except to the extent that Sub-Pool 1 and Sub-Pool 2 are cross-
collateralized as described herein under "Description of the
Certificates--Excess Spread, Overcollateralization and Cross-
Collateralization Provisions", the Class 1A Certificates are related
S-5
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to Sub-Pool 1 and the Class 2A Certificates are related to Sub-Pool 2.
Each Class of the Class A Certificates will represent a senior
undivided ownership interest in a trust fund (the "Trust Fund")
consisting initially of two groups of Initial Mortgage Loans (the
"Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans" and the "Sub-Pool 2 Initial
Mortgage Loans") with an aggregate principal balance of $94,729,249.31
with respect to Sub-Pool 1, and $119,164,842.18 with respect to
Sub-Pool 2, as of the Cut-off Date, after giving effect to all
payments collected on or prior to the Cut-off Date (with respect to
Sub-Pool 1, the "Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance"; with respect
to Sub-Pool 2, the "Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance";
collectively, the "Original Pool Principal Balance"), all proceeds
thereof due after the Cut-off Date with respect to the related Initial
Mortgage Loans or the Subsequent Cut-off Date with respect to the
related Subsequent Mortgage Loans (other than the related Depositor's
Yield as described in the Prospectus), a Certificate Insurance Policy,
three trust accounts for each Sub-Pool established with the Trustee
(the Pre-Funding Accounts, the Reserve Accounts and the Interest
Coverage Accounts), and funds on deposit in each such account and
certain other property (each such group of Mortgage Loans and the
related assets, "Sub-Pool 1" and "Sub-Pool 2"; each a "Sub-Pool" and
collectively, the "Mortgage Pool").
Interest Distributions on the
Class A Certificates.........................As described herein, on each Remittance Date, with respect to the Class
1A-1 Certificates, interest will be paid at the Class 1A-1 Pass-Through
Rate in an amount equal to interest accrued during the related Accrual
Period on the related Class 1A-1 Principal Balance prior to giving
effect to principal distributions to be made on such date.
As described herein, on each Remittance Date, with respect to each Class
of the Class 1A Certificates, other than the Class 1A-1 Certificates,
interest will be paid at the related Class 1A Pass-Through Rate in an
amount equal to 30 days' interest on the related Class 1A Principal
Balance prior to giving effect to principal distributions to be made
on such date. All calculations of interest on each Class of Class 1A
Certificates, other than the Class 1A-1 Certificates, will be computed
on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months.
As described herein, on each Remittance Date, with respect to the Class
2A Certificates, interest will be paid at the Class 2A Pass-Through
Rate in an amount equal to interest accrued during the related Accrual
Period on the related Class 2A Principal Balance prior to giving
effect to principal distributions to be made on such date.
The Class 1A-1 Certificates will accrue interest at the Class 1A-1
Pass-Through Rate which, for a particular Remittance Date, will be
equal to the least of (i) One-Month LIBOR plus 0.12% per annum, (ii)
the weighted average of the Mortgage Rates of the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage
Loans minus, with respect to Sub-Pool 1, the sum of (a) the Servicing
Fee Rate, (b) the rate at which the monthly premium payable to the
Certificate Insurer is calculated and (c) the rate at which the Annual
Trustee Expense Amount is calculated and (iii) 10.50% per annum (the
"Class 1A-1 Cap Rate"); provided,
S-6
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however, that on any Remittance Date on which the Servicer does not
exercise its option to purchase the Mortgage Loans and REO Properties
as described under "Pooling Agreement--Termination; Purchase of the
Mortgage Loans" herein, the rate provided in clause (i) will be
One-Month LIBOR plus 0.52% per annum. For purposes of calculating the
Class 1A-1 Pass-Through Rate for any Remittance Date, because most of
the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans do not provide for the calculation of
interest on an Actual/360 Basis (which is the basis on which interest
is calculated on the Class 1A-1 Certificates), the basis on which
interest is computed on the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans will be deemed
adjusted to an Actual/360 Basis that will result in the same amount of
interest being due as would be due using the method of computation of
interest that is used to calculate interest on the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage
Loans.
The Class 1A-2 Certificates will accrue interest at the fixed per annum
rate of 6.67% (the "Class 1A-2 Pass-Through Rate"). The Class 1A-3
Certificates will accrue interest at the fixed per annum rate of 6.76%
(the "Class 1A-3 Pass-Through Rate"). The Class 1A-4 Certificates will
accrue interest at the fixed per annum rate of 7.04% (the "Class 1A-4
Pass-Through Rate"). The Class 1A-5 Certificates will accrue interest
at the fixed per annum rate of 6.97% (the "Class 1A-5 Pass-Through
Rate"). In addition, on any Remittance Date on which the Servicer does
not exercise its option to purchase the Mortgage Loans and REO
Properties as described under "Pooling Agreement--Termination;
Purchase of the Mortgage Loans" herein, the Class 1A-2 Pass-Through
Rate, Class 1A-3 Pass-Through Rate, Class 1A-4 Pass-Through Rate and
Class 1A-5 Pass Through Rate will each be increased by 0.40% per
annum. The Class 1A-1 Pass-Through Rate, the Class 1A-2 Pass-Through
Rate, the Class 1A-3 Pass-Through Rate, the Class 1A-4 Pass-Through
Rate and the Class 1A-5 Pass-Through Rate are each referred to herein
as a "Class 1A Pass-Through Rate." The Class 1A Pass-Through Rate and
the Class 2A Pass-Through Rate are referred to herein as a "Class A
Pass-Through Rate."
The Class 2A Certificates will accrue interest at the Class 2A
Pass-Through Rate which, for a particular Remittance Date will be
equal to the lesser of (i) One-Month LIBOR plus 0.24% per annum and
(ii) the weighted average of the Mortgage Rates of the Sub-Pool 2
Mortgage Loans minus, with respect to Sub-Pool 2, the sum of (a) the
Servicing Fee Rate, (b) the rate at which the monthly premium payable
to the Certificate Insurer is calculated, (c) the rate at which the
Annual Trustee Expense Amount is calculated and (d) 0.50% per annum
(the rate described in this clause (ii), the "Available Funds Cap
Rate"); provided, however, that on any Remittance Date on which the
Servicer does not exercise its option to purchase the Mortgage Loans
and REO Properties as described under "Pooling Agreement--Termination;
Purchase of the Mortgage Loans" herein, the rate provided in clause
(i) will be One-Month LIBOR plus 0.64% per annum. For purposes of
calculating the Class 2A Pass-Through Rate for any Remittance Date,
because most of the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans provide for the
calculation of interest on a basis other than an Actual/360 Basis
(which is the basis on which interest is calculated on the Class 2A
Certificates),
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the basis on which interest is computed on the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans
will be deemed adjusted to an Actual/360 Basis that will result in the
same amount of interest being due as would be due using the method of
computation of interest that is used to calculate interest on the
Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans.
Interest payable with respect to each Remittance Date on the Class 1A-1
and the Class 2A Certificates will accrue during the period commencing
on the Remittance Date of the immediately preceding month and ending
on the day immediately preceding the related Remittance Date, except
that with respect to the first Remittance Date interest payable on the
Class 1A-1 and the Class 2A Certificates will accrue during the period
commencing on the Closing Date and ending on the day immediately
preceding the first Remittance Date (each such period, an "Accrual
Period"). All calculations of interest on the Class 1A-1 and the Class
2A Certificates will be computed on the basis of the actual number of
days elapsed in the Accrual Period and a 360-day year ("Actual/360
Basis"). One-Month LIBOR will be determined on the second Business Day
preceding the beginning of each Accrual Period.
Principal Distributions on the
Class A Certificates.........................As to any Sub-Pool, Holders of the related Class A Certificates will be
entitled to receive on each Remittance Date (subject to the next
succeeding paragraph) distributions in respect of principal (the
"Class A Principal Remittance Amount") in the respective amounts and
order of priority described herein, to the extent of the related
Amount Available, if the Remittance Date is prior to the related
Cross-Over Date, or to the extent of the related Net Excess Amount
Available, if the Remittance Date is on or after the related
Cross-Over Date, remaining after interest distributions on the related
Classes of Class A Certificates, and to the extent of the amount
required to reach the related Required Overcollateralization Amount
with respect to such Sub-Pool and, thereafter, to maintain the
Required Overcollateralization Amount but not to exceed the related
Class 1A or Class 2A Principal Balance then outstanding, plus any
amounts described in clauses (iv) (if such amounts represent prior
Insured Payments with respect to such Sub-Pool or interest thereon)
and (v) below.
The Holders of the Class 1A-5 Certificates are entitled to receive
payments of the Class 1A-5 Lockout Remittance Amount as specified
below commencing in July 2000. In addition, on any Remittance Date on
which the Class 1A-4 Principal Balance is zero, the Holders of the
Class 1A-5 Certificates will be entitled to receive the entire Class A
Principal Remittance Amount with respect to Sub-Pool 1 remaining after
distribution of the Class 1A-5 Lockout Remittance Amount. The
Certificate Insurer does not guarantee payment of any portion of the
Class 1A-5 Lockout Remittance Amount that is in excess of the Class A
Principal Remittance Amount with respect to Sub-Pool 1 for any
Remittance Date. See "Description of the Certificates--Allocation of
Amount Available" herein.
The "Required Overcollateralization Amount" for any Sub-Pool is the
Overcollateralization Amount required by the Certificate Insurer with
respect to such Sub-Pool. As more fully described herein,
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distributions allocable to principal on the Class A Certificates will
generally include (i) the principal portion of all scheduled and
unscheduled payments received on the Mortgage Loans in the related
Sub-Pool during the period beginning on the second day of the month
immediately preceding the month of the Remittance Date and ending on
the first day of the month of the Remittance Date (the "Due Period"),
including prepayments, the proceeds of any related insurance policy
("Insurance Proceeds"), proceeds received in connection with the
liquidation of defaulted Mortgage Loans in the related Sub-Pool, by
foreclosure or otherwise, net of fees and advances reimbursable
therefrom ("Net Liquidation Proceeds") and condemnation, eminent
domain and release of lien proceeds ("Released Mortgaged Property
Proceeds"), (ii) the principal portion of all proceeds deposited into
the Principal and Interest Account with respect to such Sub-Pool in
connection with the repurchase or substitution of Mortgage Loans in
the related Sub-Pool for which there is defective loan documentation or
a breach of a representation or warranty, (iii) the Unrecovered Class
A Portion with respect to such Sub-Pool, (iv) the Class A
Carry-Forward Amount with respect to such Sub-Pool, (v) any Mortgagor
payments on related Mortgage Loans or Advances with respect to such
Sub-Pool which are recovered prior to the expiration date of the
Certificate Insurance Policy from Holders of the related Class A
Certificates as a voidable preference pursuant to a final,
non-appealable order under the United States Bankruptcy Code (a
"Preference Amount") and (vi) any additional amount which may be
required so that the related Class 1A or Class 2A Principal Balance
for such Remittance Date will equal the related Scheduled Class A
Principal Balance. In addition, on any Remittance Date prior to the
Cross-Over Date, to the extent not previously distributed as described
herein, Excess Spread, Remaining Net Excess Spread and Net Excess
Principal will be distributable on account of principal to Holders of
the Class A Certificates to the extent available and necessary to
reach, and thereafter maintain, the Required Overcollateralization
Amount with respect to such Sub-Pool. See "Description of the
Certificates--Allocation of Amount Available" and "--Excess Spread,
Overcollateralization and Cross-Collateralization Provisions" herein.
The Certificate Insurer, as subrogee of the Class A Certificateholders to
the extent of Insured Payments, will be entitled to any payments on
the related Class A Certificates in respect of that portion of the
related Class A Carry-Forward Amount representing amounts previously
covered by Insured Payments and interest accrued thereon. See
"Description of the Certificates--Allocation of Amount Available" and
"The Certificate Insurer and the Certificate Insurance Policy" herein.
The Class A Principal Remittance Amount with respect to Sub-Pool 1 will
be distributed as follows: (a) to the Holders of the Class 1A-5
Certificates, an amount equal to the Class 1A-5 Lockout Remittance
Amount, and (b) the remainder to the Holders of the Class 1A-1
Certificates until the Class 1A-1 Principal Balance is reduced to
zero, then to the Holders of the Class 1A-2 Certificates until the
Class 1A-2 Principal Balance is reduced to zero, then to the Holders
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of the Class 1A-3 Certificates until the Class 1A-3 Principal Balance is
reduced to zero, then to the Holders of the Class 1A-4 Certificates
until the Class 1A-4 Principal Balance is reduced to zero and
thereafter to the Holders of the Class 1A-5 Certificates until the
Class 1A-5 Principal Balance is reduced to zero.
The Class A Principal Remittance Amount with respect to Sub-Pool 2 will
be distributed to the Holders of the Class 2A Certificates until the
Class 2A Principal Balance is reduced to zero.
Mandatory Prepayments on Class A
Certificates.................................Each Class of the Class A Certificates will be prepaid in part, on a pro
rata basis in proportion to its Principal Balance, on the August 25,
1997 Remittance Date in the event that any amount remains on deposit
in the related Pre-Funding Account on such Remittance Date after the
purchase by the Trust Fund of Subsequent Mortgage Loans, if any, with
respect to the related Sub-Pool. Although no assurance can be given,
it is anticipated by the Depositor that the principal amount of
Subsequent Mortgage Loans purchased by the Trust Fund will require the
application of substantially all of the Original Pre-Funded Amounts
and that there should be no material amount of principal prepaid to
the related Class A Certificateholders from the related Pre-Funding
Account. However, it is unlikely that the Depositor will be able to
deliver Subsequent Mortgage Loans with an aggregate principal balance
identical to the related Original Pre-Funded Amount.
Excess Spread,
Overcollateralization
and Cross-Collateralization..................On any Remittance Date prior to the Cross-Over Date with respect to a
particular Sub-Pool, Holders of the related Class 1A and Class 2A
Certificates will have a right to 100% of the related Excess Spread to
fund the amount by which the related Class A Remittance Amount with
respect to all Classes of related Class A Certificates exceeds the
related Available Remittance Amount for such Remittance Date. To the
extent available, the Net Excess Spread and Excess Principal with
respect to a Sub-Pool will then be applied to cover any Available
Funds Shortfall with respect to the other Sub-Pool.
In addition, on any Remittance Date prior to the Cross-Over Date on which
the Overcollateralization Amount for a Sub-Pool is less than the
Required Overcollateralization Amount for such Sub-Pool, the Remaining
Net Excess Spread for such Sub-Pool plus the Available Transfer
Cashflow, if any, and the Net Excess Principal, if any, will be used
to make additional distributions of principal on the related Classes
of Class A Certificates until such Overcollateralization Amount equals
the related Required Overcollateralization Amount for such Sub-Pool.
Credit enhancement with respect to the Class 1A Certificates will be
provided in part by the initial Overcollateralization Amount for
Sub-Pool 1 resulting from the sum of the Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal
Balance and the Original Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funded Amount exceeding the
initial Class 1A Principal Balance as of the Closing Date. On the
Closing Date, the initial Overcollateralization Amount with respect to
Sub-Pool 1 is expected to be approximately $1,221,003.03, equal to
0.90% of the sum of the Original Sub-Pool
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1 Principal Balance and the Original Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funded Amount. See
"Description of the Certificates-Excess Spread, Overcollateralization
and Cross-Collateralization Provisions" herein.
Credit enhancement with respect to the Class 2A Certificates will be
provided in part by the initial Overcollateralization Amount for
Sub-Pool 2 resulting from the sum of the Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal
Balance and the Original Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funded Amount exceeding the
initial Class 2A Principal Balance as of the Closing Date. On the
Closing Date, the initial Overcollateralization Amount with respect to
Sub-Pool 2 is expected to be approximately $4,472,694.04, equal to
2.60% of the sum of the Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance and the
Original Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funded Amount. See "Description of the
Certificates-Excess Spread, Overcollateralization and
Cross-Collateralization Provisions" herein.
Prior to the related Cross-Over Date, Excess Spread with respect to a
Sub-Pool will be applied first, to cover any Available Funds Shortfall
with respect to such Sub-Pool, second, to cover any Available Funds
Shortfall with respect to the other Sub-Pool, third, to pay the amount
of any related accrued and unpaid Annual Trustee Expense Amount,
fourth, to reach and maintain the Required Overcollateralization
Amount for such Sub-Pool, if necessary, fifth, to reach and maintain
the Required Overcollateralization Amount for the other Sub-Pool, if
necessary, and sixth, with respect to the related Sub-Pool, to
reimburse the Servicer for amounts to which it is entitled under the
Pooling Agreement, and to distribute any remaining amounts to the
Class R Certificateholders. After the Cross-Over Date with respect to
a particular Sub-Pool, related Excess Spread will be applied first, to
cover any Available Funds Shortfall with respect to the related
Sub-Pool, second, to cover any Available Funds Shortfall with respect
to the other Sub-Pool, third, to pay the amount of any related accrued
and unpaid Annual Trustee Expense Amount, fourth, to reach and
maintain the Required Overcollateralization Amount for the other
Sub-Pool, if necessary, and fifth, with respect to the related
Sub-Pool, to reimburse the Servicer for amounts to which it is
entitled under the Pooling Agreement, and to distribute any remaining
amounts to the Class R Certificateholders. After the related
Cross-Over Date, Excess Spread, Available Transfer Cashflow and Excess
Principal with respect to one Sub-Pool, if any, will be available for
the other Sub-Pool to cover an Available Funds Shortfall and for
application to reach the Required Overcollateralization Amount for
such other Sub-Pool.
The "Net Excess Spread" for a Sub-Pool is the Excess Spread for such
Sub-Pool remaining after the application thereof to cover an Available
Funds Shortfall with respect to such Sub-Pool. An "Available Funds
Shortfall" with respect to any Sub-Pool means the amount by which the
Available Remittance Amount plus Excess Spread for such Sub-Pool is
less than the Required Payments (other than in respect of the Class A
Principal Remittance Amount after the related Cross-Over Date) for
such Sub-Pool. The "Required Payments" with respect to any Sub-Pool
means the amount required to pay the related Class A Interest
Remittance Amount with respect to all related outstanding Classes of
Class A Certificates, the related
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Class A Principal Remittance Amount with respect to all related
outstanding Classes of Class A Certificates, the related Annual
Trustee Expense Amount and the related monthly premium payable to the
Certificate Insurer. The "Remaining Net Excess Spread" for a Sub-Pool
is the Net Excess Spread for such Sub-Pool remaining after the
application thereof to cover an Available Funds Shortfall with respect
to the other Sub-Pool. The "Available Transfer Cashflow" for each
Sub-Pool is the Remaining Net Excess Spread for the other Sub-Pool
remaining after the payment, if any, of Additional Principal on the
Classes of Class A Certificates related to such other Sub-Pool. The
"Net Excess Principal" for a Sub-Pool is the Excess Principal for such
Sub-Pool remaining after the application thereof to cover an Available
Funds Shortfall with respect to the other Sub-Pool. The "Excess
Principal" for a Sub-Pool will equal the lesser of (i) the portion, if
any, of the Available Principal Amount for such Sub-Pool that is not
required to be included in the related Class A Principal Remittance
Amount for such Sub-Pool for such Remittance Date as a result of the
application of clause (a) of the related definition of "Class A
Principal Remittance Amount" and (ii) the amount of such portion
described in clause (i) remaining after the application of the related
Available Remittance Amount to cover the Required Payments for such
Sub-Pool. The "Available Principal Amount" for a Sub-Pool will equal
the excess of the amount described in the related definition of "Class
A Principal Remittance Amount" without giving effect to clause (a)
thereof over the amount described in the definition of "Class A
Principal Remittance Amount" after giving effect to clause (a)
thereof. The "Additional Principal" for the Class 1A or Class 2A
Certificates will equal the lesser of (i) the amount necessary to
reduce the related Class 1A or Class 2A Principal Balance so that the
Overcollateralization Amount for the related Sub-Pool equals the
Required Overcollateralization Amount for such Sub-Pool and (ii) the
sum of (a) the Remaining Net Excess Spread for such Sub-Pool, (b) the
Available Transfer Cashflow from the other Sub-Pool and (c) the Net
Excess Principal for such Sub-Pool.
The "Overcollateralization Amount" for a Sub-Pool will equal the excess,
if any, of (i) the sum of (a) the related Sub-Pool Principal Balance,
(b) the related Pre-Funding Amount and (c) the amount, if any, on
deposit in the related Reserve Account, over (ii) the Class A
Principal Balance with respect to all related Classes of Class A
Certificates, after giving effect to the distributions of the related
Class A Principal Remittance Amount on such Remittance Date. See
"Description of the Certificates--Excess Spread, Overcollateralization
and Cross-Collateralization Provisions" and "--Allocation of Amount
Available" herein.
Reserve Account................................If required by the Certificate Insurer for credit enhancement, on the
Closing Date the Trustee will establish a reserve account with
respect to each Sub-Pool (with respect to Sub-Pool 1, the "Sub-Pool
1 Reserve Account"; with respect to Sub-Pool 2, the "Sub-Pool 2
Reserve Account"; each, a "Reserve Account") into which it will
deposit upon receipt from the Depositor an amount specified by the
Certificate Insurer. Prior to the related Cross-Over Date, the funds
on deposit in the Reserve Accounts will be available for withdrawal
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to fund any shortfalls between the funds available for distribution to
Holders of the related Classes of Class A Certificates and the related
Class A Remittance Amount with respect to all related Classes of Class
A Certificates. If the Certificate Insurer has determined that the
entire amount of such funds on deposit therein is not required for
credit enhancement and has so directed the Trustee, the portion of the
amount on deposit therein not so required will be distributed by the
Trustee to the Class R Certificateholders on the August 25, 1997
Remittance Date. In addition, on any Remittance Date on which the
Overcollateralization Amount for a Sub-Pool exceeds the Required
Overcollateralization Amount for such Sub-Pool, an amount equal to the
lesser of (i) the amount, if any, remaining in the related Reserve
Account and (ii) such excess, will be released to the Class R
Certificateholders. See "Description of the Certificates--Reserve
Account" herein.
Certificate Insurance Policy...................Financial Guaranty Insurance Company, a New York stock insurance
corporation (the "Certificate Insurer"), will issue a certificate
insurance policy (the "Certificate Insurance Policy") pursuant to
which it will irrevocably and unconditionally guarantee payment to the
Holders of the Class A Certificates of the related Class A Remittance
Amount. The Certificate Insurer only insures the timely receipt of
interest on the Class A Certificates and the ultimate receipt of
principal on the Class A Certificates. The Certificate Insurer does
not guarantee any rate of principal payments on the Class A
Certificates, other than that set forth in the Principal Payment
Tables attached as an exhibit to the Pooling Agreement and provided by
the Certificate Insurer, any recovery of payments deemed voidable
preferences under state law, the payment of the purchase price by the
Depositor in connection with the purchase of Mortgage Loans due to
defective documentation or a breach of representation or warranty or
payment of any portion of the Class 1A-5 Lockout Remittance Amount
that is in excess of the Class A Principal Remittance Amount with
respect to Sub-Pool 1 for any Remittance Date. The Certificate Insurer
will only be required to make one Insured Payment with respect to each
Sub-Pool relating to a particular Remittance Date, and no Holder of a
Class A Certificate shall be entitled to reimbursement for any payment
voided as a preference as to which the Certificate Insurer made a
payment under the Certificate Insurance Policy. See "The Certificate
Insurer and the Certificate Insurance Policy" herein.
Pursuant to the Pooling Agreement, the Certificate Insurer will be
subrogated to the rights of the Holders of the related Class A
Certificates to receive any payments on such Certificates to the
extent of payments under the Certificate Insurance Policy which remain
unreimbursed and interest accrued thereon at the weighted average of
the related Class A Pass-Through Rates in the case of the Class 1A
Certificates and at the Class 2A Pass-Through Rate in the case of the
Class 2A Certificates.
The Mortgage Pool..............................The Mortgage Pool initially will consist primarily of two sub-pools of
conventional Mortgage Loans (with respect to Sub-Pool 1, the "Sub-Pool
1 Initial Mortgage Loans"; with respect to Sub-Pool 2, the "Sub-Pool 2
Initial Mortgage Loans"; collectively, the "Initial Mortgage Loans")
evidenced by promissory notes (the "Mortgage
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Notes") secured by mortgages, deeds of trust or other similar security
instruments (the "Mortgages") creating a first or second lien on one-
to four-family residential properties, units in planned unit
developments, individual condominium units and manufactured homes
("Single Family Properties"), residential properties consisting of
five or more dwelling units ("Multifamily Properties") and mixed
residential and commercial structures ("Mixed Use Properties";
collectively with Single Family Properties and Multifamily Properties,
the "Mortgaged Properties"). Sub-Pool 1 consists of fixed-rate
mortgage loans which are secured by first and second liens and
Sub-Pool 2 consists of adjustable-rate mortgage loans which are
secured by first liens. See "The Mortgage Pool" herein.
Pursuant to the Pooling Agreement, the Depositor has committed to sell,
and the Trust Fund will be obligated to purchase from the Depositor,
on or before August 22, 1997, additional Mortgage Loans (with respect
to Sub-Pool 1, the "Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Mortgage Loans"; with
respect to Sub-Pool 2, the "Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loans";
collectively, the "Subsequent Mortgage Loans"), subject to certain
conditions described herein. See "The Mortgage Pool" herein.
Mortgage Rate of Sub-Pool 2
Mortgage Loans...............................As described under "The Mortgage Pool--Sub-Pool 2", the Sub-Pool 2
Mortgage Loans have Mortgage Rates subject to annual or semiannual
adjustment after an initial six-month, twelve-month, twenty-four month
or thirty-six month period, to equal the sum, rounded to the nearest
0.125%, of the related Index and the Gross Margin for such Mortgage
Loan, subject to the effects of any applicable Periodic Rate Cap,
Maximum Mortgage Rate or Minimum Mortgage Rate. Approximately 81.34%
of the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans were originated with an initial
Mortgage Rate below the sum of the related Index and the Gross Margin,
rounded as described herein.
Pre-Funding Account............................The Trustee will establish a Pre-Funding Account with respect to each
Sub-Pool (with respect to Sub-Pool 1, the "Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funding
Account"; with respect to Sub-Pool 2, the "Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funding
Account"; each, a "Pre-Funding Account") into which it will deposit
upon receipt from the Depositor $40,937,753.72 with respect to
Sub-Pool 1 (the "Original Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funded Amount") and
$52,861,851.87 with respect to Sub-Pool 2 (the "Original Sub-Pool 2
Pre-Funded Amount", together with the Original Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funded
Amount, the "Original Pre-Funded Amounts"). The Original Pre-Funded
Amounts will be reduced during the Funding Period by the amount
thereof used to purchase the related Subsequent Mortgage Loans in
accordance with the Pooling Agreement (on any date of determination,
the related Original Pre-Funded Amount as so reduced, the "Sub-Pool 1
PreFunded Amount" or the "Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funded Amount"). See "The
Mortgage Pool--Sub-Pool 1--Conveyance of Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent
Mortgage Loans and the Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funding Account", "--Sub-Pool
2--Conveyance of Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loans and the Sub-Pool
2 Pre-Funding Account" herein.
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Index..........................................The Index applicable to the initial Adjustment Date and any annual or
semiannual Adjustment Date thereafter for a Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loan
will be, (i) with respect to approximately 26.33% of the Sub-Pool 2
Mortgage Loans (by Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance), a per annum
rate equal to the weekly average yield on United States Treasury
Securities adjusted to a constant maturity of one year as published in
the Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15 (519), as most recently
announced as of a date 45 days prior to such Adjustment Date (the
"One-Year U.S. Treasury Index"; such Mortgage Loans, the "One-Year
U.S. Treasury Loans"), and (ii) with respect to approximately 73.67%
of the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans (by Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal
Balance), a per annum rate equal to the average of interbank offered
rates for six-month U.S. dollar-denominated deposits in the London
market based on quotations of major banks as published in The Wall
Street Journal and as most recently available as of the date specified
in the related Mortgage Note (the "Six-Month LIBOR Index"; such
Mortgage Loans, the "Six-Month LIBOR Loans"). In the event that the
related Index specified in a Mortgage Note is no longer available, the
Servicer will select an alternative index for mortgage loans on Single
Family Properties, based upon comparable information, over which it
has no control and which is readily verifiable by mortgagors. See "The
Mortgage Pool--Sub-Pool 2" herein.
Optional Termination
by the Servicer..............................On any Remittance Date on which the outstanding aggregate principal balance
of the Mortgage Loans in the Trust Fund is less than or equal to 5% of the
sum of the Original Pool Principal Balance and the Original Pre-Funded
Amounts, the Servicer may 10% of the related initial Class A Principal
Balance, the Servicer may purchase all of the Mortgage Loans and REO
Properties from the Trust Fund at a price equal to the Termination Price.
See "Pooling Agreement--Termination; Purchase of Mortgage Loans" herein
and "Description of the Certificates--Termination" in the Prospectus.
Servicing of the Mortgage
Loans........................................The Servicer will be responsible for the servicing of the Mortgage
Loans and will, except as provided below, be entitled to a fee equal
to 0.65% per annum (the "Servicing Fee Rate") of the principal
balance of each Mortgage Loan (the "Servicing Fee"), calculated
and payable monthly from interest actually received by the Servicer
on the Mortgage Loans, as described herein. The Servicer is
obligated to make cash advances (each an "Advance") in respect of
delinquent payments of interest on the Mortgage Loans and REO
Properties, subject to the limitations described herein. In addition,
the Servicing Fee will be reduced in respect of interest shortfalls
resulting from the weighted average of the Mortgage Rates (net of
the fees payable to the Trustee and the Certificate Insurer) being
less than any Class A Pass-Through Rate. The Trustee will be
obligated to make Advances if the Servicer fails in its obligation to
do so to the extent provided in the Pooling Agreement. See
"Description of the Certificates--Advances" herein.
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Certain Legal Aspects of the
Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans
and Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans................Approximately 2.29% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by Original
Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance, and approximately 0.36% of the Sub-Pool
2 Initial Mortgage Loans, by Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance,
are secured by Multifamily Properties and approximately 1.29% of the
Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal
Balance, are secured by Mixed Use Properties. For a discussion of the
risks associated with multifamily properties and mixed use properties,
see "Risk Factors" herein and in the Prospectus and "Certain Legal
Aspects of Mortgage Loans" in the Prospectus.
Approximately 1.57% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by Original
Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance and approximately 0.51% of the Sub-Pool 2
Initial Mortgage Loans by Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance are
secured by permanently affixed Manufactured Homes (as defined in the
Prospectus, and the related loans "Manufactured Home Loans"). For a
discussion of the risks associated with manufactured homes, see "Risk
Factors" herein and in the Prospectus and "Certain Legal Aspects of
Mortgage Loans" in the Prospectus.
Approximately 39.05% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by
Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance, are secured by second mortgages
which are subordinate to a mortgage lien on such Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage
Loan (such senior lien, a "First Lien"). For a discussion of the risks
associated with second mortgage loans, see "Risk Factors" herein and
in the Prospectus and "Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans" in the
Prospectus.
Approximately 33.43% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by
Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance, provide for the payment of the
unamortized principal balance of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loan
in a single payment at the maturity of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage
Loan that is substantially greater than the preceding monthly payment
(the "Balloon Loans"). For a discussion of the risks associated with
Balloon Loans, see "Risk Factors" herein and in the Prospectus.
Approximately 5.92% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by Original
Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance provide for substantially equal payments
to be made every 28 days (each, a "Periodic Payment" and each such
loan, a "Periodic Payment Loan"), each of which is or may become a
Balloon Loan. For a discussion of the risks associated with Periodic
Payment Loans, see "Risk Factors" herein.
Ratings........................................As a condition of issuance, the Class 1A and Class 2A Certificates
will be rated Aaa by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. ("Moody's")
and "AAA" by Standard & Poor's Ratings Services, A Division of
the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. ("Standard & Poor's"). The
security ratings of the Class 1A and Class 2A Certificates should be
evaluated independently from similar ratings on other types of
securities. A security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or
hold securities and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any
time by the rating agencies. In general, ratings address credit risk
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and do not address the likelihood or rate of prepayments. See "Ratings"
herein and in the Prospectus, and "Risk Factors--Limited Nature of
Ratings" in the Prospectus.
Certain Federal Income Tax
Consequences.................................On the Closing Date, a real estate mortgage investment conduit ("REMIC")
election will be made with respect to the Trust Fund REMIC for federal
income tax purposes. Upon the issuance of the Class A Certificates,
Thacher Proffitt & Wood, counsel to the Depositor, will deliver its
opinion generally to the effect that, assuming compliance with all
provisions of the Pooling Agreement, for federal income tax purposes,
the Trust Fund REMIC will qualify as a REMIC under Sections 860A
through 860G of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the "Code").
For federal income tax purposes, the Class R Certificates will be the
sole Class of "residual interests" and the Class A Certificates will
be the "regular interests" in such REMIC and will generally be treated
as debt instruments of the Trust Fund REMIC.
For federal income tax information reporting purposes, the Class A
Certificates will not be treated as having been issued with original
issue discount. With respect to the Class 1A Certificates, the
prepayment assumptions that will be used in determining the rate of
accrual of market discount and premium, if any, for federal income tax
purposes will be 2% per annum of the then outstanding principal
balance of the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans in the first month of the
life of the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans and an additional 1.2% per annum
in each month thereafter until the twenty-first month and in each
month thereafter during the life of the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans, 26%
per annum each month. With respect to the Class 2A Certificates, the
prepayment assumption that will be used in determining the rate of
accrual of market discount and premium, if any, for federal income tax
purposes will be 26% CPR. No representation is made that the Mortgage
Loans will prepay at that rate or at any other rate.
In general, subject to the discussion of Supplemental Interest (as
defined herein) in the following paragraph, the Class A Certificates
will be treated as assets described in Section 7701(a)(19)(C) of the
Code, "real estate assets" under Section 856(c)(5)(A) of the Code
generally in the same proportion that the assets of the Trust Fund
REMIC would be so treated. Moreover, if 95% or more of such assets
qualify for any of the foregoing treatments at all times during a
calendar year, the Class A Certificates will qualify for the
corresponding status in their entirety for that calendar year. In
addition, the Class A Certificates will be "qualified mortgages"
within the meaning of Section 860G(a)(3) of the Code. In addition,
interest on the Class A Certificates will be treated as "interest on
obligations secured by mortgages on real property" under Section
856(c)(3)(B) of the Code generally to the extent that such Class A
Certificates are treated as "real estate assets" under Section
856(c)(5)(A) of the Code. Amounts held in the Trustee Expense
Accounts, the Reserve Accounts and the Interest Coverage Accounts may
not be treated as assets described in the foregoing sections of the
Code. In addition, prior to August 22, 1997 or any earlier Subsequent
Transfer Date on which the entire balance of the related
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Pre-Funded Amount is applied to purchase the related Subsequent Mortgage
Loans, the related Pre-Funding Account will be an asset of the Trust
Fund REMIC, and may not be an asset described in certain of the
foregoing sections of the Code. Moreover, to the extent that the
Mortgage Loans represent loans secured by mixed residential and
commercial structures, such loans will be treated as assets described
in Section 7701(a)(19)(C) of the Code only if the residential use of
the property securing such loans exceeds 80% of the property's entire
use. See "Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences--REMICs--Characterization
of Investments in REMIC Certificates" in the Prospectus.
Because the Class 1A-4 and the Class 1A-5 Certificates evidence a right
to receive Supplemental Interest under certain circumstances and not
solely an interest in Mortgage Loans secured by interests in real
property, the Class 1A-4 and the Class 1A-5 Certificates will not be
treated in their entirety as assets described in the foregoing
sections of the Code, and income to the extent attributable to the
Class 1A-4 and the Class 1A-5 Certificates will not be treated
entirely as income described in the foregoing sections of the Code. In
general, the Class 1A-4 and the Class 1A-5 Certificates will not be
suitable for inclusion in a real estate mortgage investment conduit
during the period the supplemental interest account is in existence
because income from the Supplemental Interest would be income from a
nonpermitted asset and subject to the 100% tax on "prohibited
transactions" under Section 860F of the Code.
Prospective investors are advised to consult their own tax advisors
concerning the federal income tax characterization of an investment in
the Certificates.
For further information regarding the federal income tax consequences of
investing in the Class A Certificates, see "Certain Federal Income Tax
Consequences" herein and in the Prospectus.
ERISA Considerations...........................A fiduciary of any employee benefit plan or other retirement
arrangement, and any other entity that may be deemed to be
investing plan assets, including insurance companies, as applicable,
subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974,
as amended ("ERISA"), or the Code should carefully review with
its legal advisors whether the purchase or holding of Class A
Certificates could give rise to a transaction prohibited or not
otherwise permissible under ERISA or the Code. The U.S.
Department of Labor has issued individual exemptions, Prohibited
Transaction Exemption 90-29 to Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner &
Smith Incorporated and Prohibited Transaction Exemption 90-23 to
J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. (the "Exemptions"). It is believed that
the Exemptions would generally exempt from the application of
certain of the prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA, and the
excise taxes imposed on such prohibited transactions by Section
4975(a) and (b) of the Code and Section 502(i) of ERISA,
transactions relating to the purchase, sale and holding of
pass-through certificates such as the Class A Certificates and the
servicing and operation of asset pools such as the Mortgage Pool,
provided that certain conditions are satisfied. See "ERISA
Considerations" herein and in the Prospectus.
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<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Legal Investment...............................Although at their initial issuance the Class 1A Certificates will be
rated Aaa by Moody's and "AAA" by Standard & Poor's, the Class 1A
Certificates will not constitute "mortgage related securities" for
purposes of the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984
("SMMEA") because Sub-Pool 1 includes Mortgage Loans which are secured
by second liens.
The Class 2A Certificates will not constitute "mortgage related
securities" for purposes of SMMEA until such time as the balance of
the Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funding Account is reduced to zero. At such time,
the Class 2A Certificates will constitute "mortgage related
securities" for purposes of SMMEA so long as they are rated in one of
the two highest rating categories by at least one nationally
recognized statistical rating organization.
Institutions whose investment activities are subject to review by federal
and state regulatory authorities should consult with their counsel or
the applicable authorities to determine whether an investment in any
Class 1A or Class 2A Certificate complies with applicable guidelines,
policy statements or restrictions. See "Legal Investment" herein and
in the Prospectus.
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RISK FACTORS
Investors should consider, among other things, the following factors
in connection with the purchase of the Class A Certificates:
LIMITED LIQUIDITY
There is currently no secondary market for the Class A Certificates.
While the Underwriters currently intend to make a secondary market in the Class
A Certificates, they are under no obligation to do so. There can be no assurance
that a secondary market for the Class A Certificates will develop or, if it does
develop, that it will provide Holders of Class A Certificates with liquidity of
investment or that it will continue for the life of the Class A Certificates.
The Class A Certificates will not be listed on any securities exchange.
DIFFICULTY IN PLEDGING
Since transactions in Class A Certificates can be effected only
through DTC, CEDEL or Euroclear, their Participants and Indirect Participants,
the ability of a Certificate Owner to pledge a Class A Certificate to persons or
entities that do not participate in the DTC, CEDEL or Euroclear systems, or
otherwise to take actions in respect of such Certificates, may be limited due to
lack of a physical certificate representing such Certificates. See "Description
of the Certificates--Book-Entry Registration and Definitive Certificates" in the
Prospectus.
POTENTIAL DELAYS IN RECEIPT OF DISTRIBUTIONS
Certificate Owners may experience some delay in their receipt of
distributions of interest and principal on the Class A Certificates since such
distributions will be forwarded by the Trustee to DTC and DTC will credit such
distributions to the accounts of its Participants which will thereafter credit
them to the accounts of Certificate Owners either directly or indirectly through
Indirect Participants. See "Description of the Certificates--Book-Entry
Registration and Definitive Certificates" in the Prospectus.
CERTAIN RISKS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS
Sub-Pool 1
Approximately 22.68%, 22.07%, 7.94%, 5.70% and 5.35% of the Sub-Pool
1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance, are located
in New York, Illinois, Florida, Pennsylvania and Colorado, respectively.
Several regions of the United States have been affected by a
contraction of economic activity and a deterioration of the real estate market.
Considerable uncertainty exists with respect to the regional economies and real
estate markets. In addition, regardless of its location, manufactured housing
generally depreciates in value. Accordingly, when coupled with a deteriorating
real estate market in a particular region, the value of the mortgaged property
improved by a manufactured home could be or become lower than the outstanding
principal balance of the mortgage loans it secures.
Approximately 2.29% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by
Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance, are secured by residential properties
consisting of five or more dwelling units ("Multifamily Properties", and the
related loans, "Multifamily Loans"). Approximately 1.29% of the Sub-Pool 1
Initial Mortgage Loans are secured by mixed residential and commercial
structures ("Mixed Use Properties", and the related loans, "Mixed Use Loans").
Multifamily Loans and Mixed Use Loans are generally viewed as exposing the
lender to a greater risk of loss than Mortgage Loans secured by one- to-four
family residential properties, units in planned unit developments, individual
condominium units or manufactured homes ("Single Family Properties", and the
related loans, "Single Family Loans"). Multifamily lending and mixed use lending
typically involves larger loans, and repayment is typically dependent upon the
successful operation of the related mortgaged property. Income from and the
market value of the mortgaged property would be adversely affected if space in
the mortgaged property could not be leased, if tenants were unable to meet their
obligations or if for any other reason rental payments could not be collected.
Successful operation of an income-producing mortgaged property is dependent
upon, among other factors, economic conditions generally and in the geographic
area, operating costs and the performance of the management agent, if any. In
some cases, that operation may be subject to circumstances outside the control
of the borrower or lender, including but not limited to the quality or stability
of surrounding neighborhoods, the development of competing
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properties or businesses, maintenance expenses (including energy costs), rent
control or stabilization laws and changes in the tax laws. If the cash flow from
a particular mortgaged property is reduced (for example, if leases are not
obtained or renewed, if tenants default or if rental rates decline), the
borrower's ability to repay the loan may be impaired and the resale value of the
particular property may decline. For further information regarding the primary
risk to holders of Mortgage Loans secured by multifamily properties and mixed
use properties, see "Risk Factors" and "Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans"
in the Prospectus.
Approximately 1.57% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by
Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance are secured by a lien on real estate to
which a Manufactured Home (as defined in the Prospectus) is deemed permanently
affixed. Under the laws of most states, a Manufactured Home that has been
permanently attached to its site becomes subject to real estate title and
recording laws. In order to perfect a security interest in a Manufactured Home
under real estate laws, the holder of the security interest must file either a
"fixture filing" under the provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code or record a
real estate mortgage or deed of trust under the real estate laws of the state
where the home is located. Such filing or recordation must be made in the real
estate records office of the county where the Manufactured Home is located. With
respect to the Manufactured Home Loans, the Depositor records or causes to be
recorded a real estate mortgage or deed of trust where the related Manufactured
Home is located. The Depositor also obtains a manufactured housing unit (ALTA 7)
endorsement from each title insurer of a Manufactured Home Loan stating that the
insurer agrees that the related manufactured housing unit is included within the
term "land" when used in the title policy. If however, the Manufactured Home is
deemed not permanently attached to the real estate, under the laws of most
states, it will be considered personal property and perfection of a security
interest in such Manufactured Home is effected, depending on applicable state
law, either by noting the security interest on the certificate of title for the
Manufactured Home or by filing a financing statement under the Uniform
Commercial Code with the office of the Secretary of State and, in some states,
the office of the county clerk of the state where the home is located.
Consequently, if a determination is made that the Manufactured Home is
considered personal property, other parties could obtain an interest in the
Manufactured Home which is prior to the security interest retained by the Trust
Fund. See "Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans - Contracts" in the
Prospectus.
Approximately 39.05% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by
Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance, are secured by second liens, and the
related First Liens are not included in the Mortgage Pool. The weighted average
of the Second Mortgage Ratios for Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans secured by
second liens on real property is approximately 33.10%. The "Second Mortgage
Ratio" for each Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loan secured by a second lien is
calculated as the outstanding principal balance of such Sub-Pool 1 Initial
Mortgage Loan as of the Cut-off Date divided by the sum of (i) the outstanding
principal balance of the related First Lien at the time of origination of such
Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loan and (ii) the outstanding principal balance as
of the Cut-off Date of such Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loan. For further
information regarding the primary risk to holders of Mortgage Loans secured by
second liens see "Risk Factors--Risks Associated with the Mortgage Loans and
Mortgaged Properties" and "Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans" in the
Prospectus.
All of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans have been originated
since January 10, 1989. No Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loan has an unexpired
term to maturity as of the Cut-off Date of less than approximately 18 months.
The weighted average remaining term to maturity of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial
Mortgage Loans as of the Cutoff Date is approximately 217.41 months. The rate of
default of second mortgage loans may be greater than that of mortgage loans
secured by first liens on comparable properties.
Approximately 31.98% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by
Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance, are Balloon Loans which provide for equal
monthly payments, consisting of principal and interest, based on either a
25-year or 30-year amortization schedule, and a single payment of the remaining
principal balance of the Balloon Loan at the end of the 15th year following
origination. Approximately 20 of the Periodic Payment Loans (as defined herein),
representing 1.45% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by Original
Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance, are Balloon Loans which provide for payments of
interest only throughout the term of the loan with a single payment of principal
equal to the original principal balance of the loan due upon the final maturity
date of the related Mortgage Note. In addition, with respect to the remaining
Periodic Payment Loans included in the Initial Sub-Pool 1, approximately 4.47%
of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by Sub-Pool 1 Original Principal
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Balance, the Mortgage Note provides either that (i) the Mortgagors have the
option, at any time during the term of the related Periodic Payment Loan, to use
a limited number of payment vouchers provided to them at origination in order to
defer payment of the principal portion of the corresponding Periodic Payment (as
defined herein) and pay only the interest portion due on such payment date or
(ii) the Mortgagor may defer payment of the first Periodic Payment due thereon
together with interest accrued from the date of origination to the date the
first Periodic Payment is due and, under certain limited circumstances, such
payment will be forgiven on the final maturity date of the Mortgage Note. Any
principal and interest deferred in such a manner will not result in an increase
or reduction of the principal balance of the related Periodic Payment Loan on
such payment date and, except as set forth in clause (ii) above, will be due in
full on the final maturity date of such Periodic Payment Loan, thus creating a
balloon payment. Accordingly, the final payment due on the related Mortgage Note
may be substantially greater than any other previous payment (depending on how
many interest only vouchers are used by the Mortgagor). The remainder of the
Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans provide for a schedule of substantially equal
payments which are, if timely paid, sufficient to amortize fully the principal
balance of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loan on or before its maturity date.
Because borrowers of Balloon Loans are required to make a relatively large
single payment upon maturity, it is possible that the default risk associated
with Balloon Loans is greater than that associated with fully-amortizing
mortgage loans.
Sub-Pool 2
Approximately 23.88%, 14.69%, 9.17%, 9.15% and 7.12% of the Sub-Pool
2 Initial Mortgage Loans, by Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance, are located
in Illinois, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Michigan, respectively.
Several regions of the United States have been affected by a
contraction of economic activity and a deterioration of the real estate market.
Considerable uncertainty exists with respect to the regional economies and real
estate markets.
Approximately 0.36% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans, by
Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance, are secured by Multifamily Properties and
approximately 0.51% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans, by Original
Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance, are secured by a lien on real estate to which a
Manufactured Home is permanently affixed. For a discussion of the risks
associated with multifamily properties and manufactured homes, see "--Certain
Risks of The Mortgage Loans--Sub-Pool 1" above.
All of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans have been originated
since April 18, 1985. No Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loan has an unexpired term
to maturity as of the Cut-off Date of less than approximately 124 months. The
weighted average remaining term to maturity of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage
Loans as of the Cut-off Date is approximately 348.82 months.
UNDERWRITING STANDARDS FOR MULTIFAMILY LOANS, MIXED USE LOANS AND MANUFACTURED
HOME LOANS
Under the Depositor's underwriting standards for Multifamily Loans
and Mixed Use Loans, the critical factors in underwriting a Multifamily Loan or
Mixed Use Loan are the ability of the Mortgaged Property to generate adequate
cash flow to support the mortgage and to a lesser extent, the financial
capabilities and managerial ability of the borrower. Therefore, changes in cash
flow of the Multifamily Properties and Mixed Use Properties may have a greater
effect on the delinquency, foreclosure and loss experience of the Multifamily
Loans and Mixed Use Loans than on residential mortgage loans originated in
accordance with the FNMA or FHLMC underwriting guidelines. No assurance can be
given that the values of the Multifamily Properties and the Mixed Use Properties
have remained or will remain at the levels in effect on the dates of origination
of the related Multifamily Loans and Mixed Use Loans. If the cash flow of the
Multifamily Properties and Mixed Use Properties decline after the dates of
origination of the Multifamily Loans and Mixed Use Loans, then the rates of
delinquencies, foreclosures and losses on the Multifamily Loans and Mixed Use
Loans may increase and such increase may be substantial.
The mortgage loan programs pertaining to Multifamily Loans and Mixed
Use Loans and Manufactured Home Loans described in "Description of the Mortgage
Pool--Underwriting" in this Prospectus Supplement were recently implemented by
the Depositor and have produced a relatively low total volume of mortgage loans.
Because all of the Multifamily Loans, Mixed Use Loans and Manufactured Home
Loans being sold to the Trust Fund were
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underwritten in accordance with these programs, the Depositor does not have
historical delinquency, foreclosure or loss experience with respect to its
Multifamily Loan, Mixed Use Loan or Manufactured Home Loan programs that may
provide a basis for purposes of estimating the future delinquency, foreclosure
or loss experience on mortgage loans similar to the Multifamily Loans, Mixed Use
Loans and Manufactured Home Loans included in the Trust Fund.
THE SUBSEQUENT MORTGAGE LOANS
The Subsequent Mortgage Loans may have characteristics different from
those of the Initial Mortgage Loans in the related Sub-Pool. However, each
Subsequent Mortgage Loan must satisfy the eligibility criteria referred to
herein, as applicable, under "The Mortgage Pool--Sub-Pool 1--Conveyance of
Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Mortgage Loans and the Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funding Account" and
"--Sub-Pool 2--Conveyance of Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loans and the
Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funding Account" at the time of its conveyance to the Trust Fund
and be underwritten in accordance with the criteria set forth herein, as
applicable, under "The Depositor--Underwriting Criteria--Sub-Pool 1" and
"--Sub-Pool 2".
MANDATORY PREPAYMENT
To the extent that amounts on deposit in the related Pre-Funding
Account have not been fully applied to the purchase of Subsequent Mortgage Loans
by the Trust Fund by the end of the Funding Period, the Holders of the related
Class A Certificates will receive, pro rata, a prepayment of principal in an
amount equal to the related Pre-Funded Amount remaining in the related
Pre-Funding Account on the first Remittance Date following the termination of
the Funding Period. Such prepayment, in general, will have the same effect on
Class A Certificateholders as prepayments on the Mortgage Loans. See "Certain
Yield and Prepayment Considerations" herein and "Yield Considerations" in the
Prospectus.
CERTAIN TRUTH-IN-LENDING CONSIDERATIONS
It is possible that some Mortgage Loans included in the Mortgage Pool
will be subject to the Riegle Community Development and Regulatory Improvement
Act of 1994 (the "Riegle Act") which incorporates the Home Ownership and Equity
Protection Act of 1994. The Riegle Act adds certain additional provisions to
Regulation Z, the implementing regulation of the Federal Truth-In-Lending Act.
These provisions impose additional disclosure and other requirements on
creditors with respect to non-purchase money mortgage loans with high interest
rates or high up-front fees and charges. In general, mortgage loans within the
purview of the Riegle Act have annual percentage rates over 10 percentage points
greater than the yield on Treasury Securities of comparable maturity and/or fees
and points which exceed the greater of 8% of the total loan amount or $400 (the
$400 amount is adjusted annually based on changes in the Consumer Price Index
for the prior year). The provisions of the Riegle Act apply on a mandatory basis
to all mortgage loans originated on or after October 1, 1995. These provisions
can impose specific statutory liabilities upon creditors who fail to comply with
their provisions and may affect the enforceability of the related loans. In
addition, any assignee of the creditor would generally be subject to all claims
and defenses that the consumer could assert against the creditor, including,
without limitation, the right to rescind the mortgage loan. The Depositor will
represent and warrant in the Pooling Agreement that each of the Mortgage Loans
was originated in compliance with all applicable laws, including the
Truth-in-Lending Act as amended. The Depositor, upon breaching any such
representation and warranty, will be required by the Pooling Agreement to
repurchase the related Mortgage Loan at a price equal to the principal amount
thereof plus accrued interest thereon. The amount of such purchase price will be
treated as a Principal Prepayment of the related Mortgage Loan.
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THE MORTGAGE POOL
GENERAL
The statistical information presented in this Prospectus Supplement
describes only the Initial Mortgage Loans for each Sub-Pool (and not the
Subsequent Mortgage Loans) and is based on the related Sub-Pool as of the
Cut-off Date.
Subsequent Mortgage Loans are intended to be purchased by the Trust
Fund from the Depositor from time to time on or before August 22, 1997, from
funds on deposit in the related Pre-Funding Account. The Initial Mortgage Loans
and the Subsequent Mortgage Loans, if available, will be originated or purchased
by the Depositor, and sold by the Depositor to the Trust Fund. The Pooling
Agreement will provide that the Mortgage Loans in the related Sub-Pools,
following the conveyance of the related Subsequent Mortgage Loans, must conform
to certain specified characteristics described below under "--Sub-Pool
1--Conveyance of Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Mortgage Loans and the Sub-Pool 1
Pre-Funding Account" and "--Sub-Pool 2--Conveyance of Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent
Mortgage Loans and the Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funding Account". Funds on deposit in the
Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funding Account will only be used to purchase Sub-Pool 1
Subsequent Mortgage Loans and funds on deposit in the Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funding
Account will only be used to purchase Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loans. In
the sole discretion of the Certificate Insurer, Subsequent Mortgage Loans with
characteristics varying from those described herein may be purchased by the
Trust Fund; provided, however, that the addition of such Mortgage Loans will not
materially affect the aggregate characteristics of the entire Mortgage Pool.
Prior to the issuance of the Certificates, Mortgage Loans may be
removed from the Mortgage Pool as a result of incomplete documentation or
otherwise, if the Depositor deems such removal necessary or appropriate, and may
be prepaid at any time. A limited number of other mortgage loans may be included
in the Mortgage Pool prior to the issuance of the Certificates unless including
such mortgage loans would materially alter the characteristics of the Mortgage
Pool as described herein. The Depositor believes that the information set forth
herein will be representative of the characteristics of the Mortgage Pool as it
exists at the time the Certificates are issued, although the range of interest
rates borne by the related Mortgage Notes ("Mortgage Rates") and maturities and
certain other characteristics of the Mortgage Loans in the Mortgage Pool may
vary as described herein.
SUB-POOL 1
PAYMENTS ON THE SUB-POOL 1 MORTGAGE LOANS
Approximately 77.03% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by
Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance, provide for substantially equal monthly
payments (except, in the case of a Balloon Loan, for the final monthly payment)
that are allocated to principal and interest according to the daily simple
interest method (the "Simple Interest Loans"). Each monthly payment with respect
to substantially all of the Simple Interest Loans consists of an installment of
interest which is calculated according to the simple interest method on the
basis of the outstanding principal balance of the Simple Interest Loan
multiplied by the stated note rate and further multiplied by a fraction, the
numerator of which is the number of days in the period elapsed since the
preceding payment of interest was made and the denominator of which is 365 days
(the "Simple Interest Method"), as opposed to the customary method, on which 30
days of interest is owed each month irrespective of the day on which the payment
is received. As payments are received, the amount received is applied first to
interest accrued to the date of payment and the balance is applied to reduce the
unpaid principal balance. Accordingly, if a Mortgagor pays a fixed monthly
installment before its scheduled due date, the portion of the payment allocable
to interest for the period since the preceding payment was made will be less
than it would have been had the payment been made as scheduled, and the portion
of the payment applied to reduce the unpaid principal balance will be
correspondingly greater. However, if the next succeeding payment is made on the
due date, a greater amount will be allocated to interest than would be the case
if the previous payment had also been on the due date.
Conversely, if a Mortgagor pays a fixed monthly installment after its
scheduled due date, the portion of the payment allocable to interest for the
period since the preceding payment was made will be greater than it would have
been had the payment been made as scheduled, and the remaining portion, if any,
of the payment applied to reduce the unpaid principal balance will be
correspondingly less. If each scheduled payment is made on or prior
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to its scheduled due date, the principal balance of the Simple Interest Loan
will amortize in the manner described in the preceding paragraph. However, if
the Mortgagor consistently makes scheduled payments after the scheduled due date
the Simple Interest Loan will amortize more slowly than scheduled. Any remaining
unpaid principal is payable on the final maturity date of the Simple Interest
Loan.
With respect to the Simple Interest Loans, the Mortgagor is required
to pay interest only to the date of prepayment in the case of Principal
Prepayments and Curtailments.
Approximately 5.92% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by
Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance provide for substantially equal payments
to be made every 28 days (each, a "Periodic Payment" and each such loan, a
"Periodic Payment Loan"). Each Periodic Payment consists of an installment of
interest which is calculated according to the customary method, applied on a
28/364 day basis, so that each payment is applied first to accrued and unpaid
interest as if the payment were made on its due date, regardless of when the
payment is actually received, and the remainder, if any, to the unpaid principal
balance. Although partial prepayments of principal on Periodic Payment Loans are
applied on scheduled Periodic Payment dates, with no resulting reduction in
interest payable for the period in which the partial prepayment is made, the
related Mortgagors are required to pay interest only to the date of prepayment
if accompanied by a prepayment of principal in full. In addition, with respect
to 73 of the Periodic Payment Loans included in the Initial Sub-Pool 1,
representing 4.47% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by Original
Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance, the Mortgage Note provides either that (i) the
Mortgagors have the option at any time during the term of the related Periodic
Payment Loan, to use a limited number of payment vouchers provided to them at
origination in order to defer payment of the principal portion of the
corresponding Periodic Payment and pay only the interest portion due on such
payment date or (ii) the Mortgagor may defer payment of the first Periodic
Payment due thereon together with interest accrued from the date of origination
to the date the first Periodic Payment is due and, under certain limited
circumstances, such payment will be forgiven on the final maturity date of the
Mortgage Note. Any principal and interest deferred in such a manner will not
result in an increase or reduction of the principal balance of the related
Periodic Payment Loan on such payment date and, except as set forth in clause
(ii) above, will be due and payable in full on the final maturity date of such
Periodic Payment Loan. Pursuant to the terms of 20 of the Periodic Payment Loans
included in the Initial Sub-Pool 1, representing 1.45% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial
Mortgage Loans, by Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance, payments of interest
only are required throughout the term of the loan with the entire principal
balance due and payable on the final maturity date of the related Mortgage Note.
Approximately 13.01% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by
Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance, provide for substantially equal payments
to be made every month (the "Sub - Pool 1 FNMA Loans"). With respect to the
Sub-Pool 1 FNMA Loans, each payment due thereunder consists of an installment of
interest which is calculated according to the customary 30/360 basis, so that
each payment is applied first to accrued and unpaid interest as if the payment
were made on its due date, regardless of when the payment is actually received,
and the remainder, if any, to the unpaid principal balance. Although partial
prepayments of principal on the Sub-Pool 1 FNMA Loans are applied on scheduled
payment dates, with no resulting reduction in interest payable for the period in
which the partial prepayment is made, the related Mortgagors are required to pay
interest only to the date of prepayment when accompanied by a prepayment of
principal in full.
The initial Sub-Pool 1 (the "Initial Sub-Pool 1") consists of the
Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans with an aggregate principal balance
outstanding as of the Cut-off Date, after deducting all payments of principal
due on or before such date, of $94,729,249.31 (the "Original Sub-Pool 1
Principal Balance"). The Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans consist of
conventional, fixed-rate Mortgage Loans secured by first or second liens on one-
to four-family residential properties, units in planned unit developments,
individual condominium units and manufactured homes ("Single Family
Properties"), residential properties consisting of five or more dwelling units
("Multifamily Properties") and mixed residential and commercial structures
("Mixed Use Properties"; collectively with Single Family Properties and
Multifamily Properties, the "Mortgaged Properties"), with original terms to
maturity of up to 360 months. Approximately 74.41% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial
Mortgage Loans, by Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance, were originated and
underwritten by the Depositor and the remainder of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial
Mortgage Loans were purchased and re-underwritten by the Depositor. In each case
the underwriting was performed in accordance with the criteria set forth under
"The Depositor--Underwriting Criteria--Sub-Pool 1" herein. The
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predecessor of the Depositor began originating and purchasing mortgage loans
pursuant to its Fixed Rate Mortgage Program in 1985, pursuant to its Fixed Rate
Mortgage Program-Multifamily and Mixed Use Properties in September 1994 and
pursuant to its Manufactured Home Loan Program in March 1997. See "The
Depositor--Loan Origination History" herein.
Approximately 39.05% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by
Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance, are secured by second liens with a First
Lien on the related underlying Mortgaged Property. The related First Liens are
not included in Sub-Pool 1. With respect to the remainder of the Sub-Pool 1
Initial Mortgage Loans there exists no other mortgage lien senior to that of
such Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans.
As of the Cut-off Date, all of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans
are current.
Each Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loan was originated on or after
January 10, 1989.
The Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans have the following
characteristics as of the Cut-off Date (expressed, where applicable, as a
percentage of the Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance):
The weighted average Mortgage Rate of the Sub-Pool 1
Initial Mortgage Loans as of the Cut-off Date is approximately
11.372% per annum. All the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans have
Mortgage Rates as of the Cut-off Date ranging from approximately
6.25% per annum to 18.00% per annum.
No Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loan has a Combined
Loan-to-Value Ratio, calculated for each Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage
Loan using the related original principal balance of such Initial
Mortgage Loan and the then outstanding principal balance of any
related First Lien, exceeding 90.00%. The weighted average Combined
Loan-to-Value Ratio of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans as of
the Cut-off Date is approximately 75.89%.
The weighted average remaining term to maturity of the
Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans will be approximately 217.41
months. None of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans will have had a
first payment date prior to March 1, 1989 and none of the Sub-Pool 1
Initial Mortgage Loans will have a remaining term to maturity of less
than approximately 18.00 months. The latest maturity date of any of
the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans will be June 1, 2027.
The Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans will each have a
principal balance of not less than approximately $2,830.00 or more
than approximately $590,000.00. The Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans
will have an average principal balance of approximately $56,588.56.
Approximately 17.91% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage
Loans will be Mortgage Loans the proceeds of which were used to
purchase a Mortgaged Property. The proceeds of not more than
approximately 9.37% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans will be
used to refinance an existing mortgage loan and not more than
approximately 72.72% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans will be
cash-out loans.
No more than approximately 1.62% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial
Mortgage Loans will be secured by Mortgaged Properties located in any
one zip code area.
Approximately 79.96% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage
Loans will be secured by attached or detached one-family dwelling
units (not including Manufactured Homes). Approximately 1.70% of the
Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans will be secured by units in
condominiums. Approximately 1.57% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage
Loans will be secured by Manufactured Homes. Approximately 1.93% of
the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans will be secured by units in
planned unit developments. No more than approximately 11.26% of the
Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans will be secured by units in
properties consisting of two- to four-family dwelling units.
Approximately 2.29% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans will be
secured by Multifamily Properties, and no more than approximately
1.29% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans will be secured by
Mixed Use Properties.
Based on representations of Mortgagors at origination,
approximately 18.65% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans will be
secured by investor properties and approximately 92.62% of the
Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans will be secured by owner-occupied
properties. The apparent discrepancy in these
S-26
<PAGE>
percentages results from there being approximately 11.27% of the
Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans that are secured by units in
properties consisting of two- to four-family dwelling units,
Multifamily Properties and Mixed Use Properties partially occupied by
the Mortgagor as the Mortgagor's primary residence and partially
rented out as investor property.
Approximately 33.43% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage
Loans are Balloon Loans (including interest only Periodic Payment
Loans which provide for a balloon payment).
Approximately 4.47% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage
Loans are Periodic Payment Loans which may become Balloon Loans.
None of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans provide for
negative amortization.
Except for certain of the Periodic Payment Loans, none of
the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans provide for deferred interest.
None of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans will be
subject to any buydown agreement.
None of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans will be
insured by any primary mortgage insurance policy.
The following table sets forth the Range of Principal Balances of the
Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans as of the Cut-off Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 1
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
RANGE OF PRINCIPAL BALANCES BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
--------------------------- ------------------ ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
$ 0.00 - $ 10,000.00........................... $ 107,731.81 0.11% 12
$ 10,000.01 - $ 20,000.00........................... 3,592,928.36 3.79 225
$ 20,000.01 - $ 30,000.00........................... 8,254,763.64 8.71 326
$ 30,000.01 - $ 40,000.00........................... 8,618,456.03 9.10 247
$ 40,000.01 - $ 50,000.00........................... 8,646,326.61 9.13 191
$ 50,000.01 - $ 60,000.00........................... 7,917,366.60 8.36 142
$ 60,000.01 - $ 70,000.00........................... 7,861,297.37 8.30 121
$ 70,000.01 - $ 80,000.00........................... 5,958,571.70 6.29 79
$ 80,000.01 - $ 90,000.00........................... 4,832,546.73 5.10 57
$ 90,000.01 - $ 100,000.00........................... 6,808,963.21 7.19 71
$ 100,000.01 - $ 110,000.00........................... 3,352,200.53 3.54 32
$ 110,000.01 - $ 120,000.00........................... 4,250,118.92 4.49 37
$ 120,000.01 - $ 130,000.00........................... 3,036,481.80 3.20 24
$ 130,000.01 - $ 140,000.00........................... 1,739,937.22 1.84 13
$ 140,000.01 - $ 150,000.00........................... 2,468,859.98 2.61 17
$ 150,000.01 - $ 160,000.00........................... 1,255,205.23 1.32 8
$ 160,000.01 - $ 170,000.00........................... 1,970,173.28 2.08 12
$ 170,000.01 - $ 180,000.00........................... 1,590,752.09 1.68 9
$ 180,000.01 - $ 190,000.00........................... 554,604.32 0.59 3
$ 190,000.01 - $ 200,000.00........................... 2,335,052.05 2.46 12
$ 200,000.01 - $ 250,000.00........................... 4,317,500.91 4.56 19
$ 250,000.01 - $ 300,000.00........................... 3,229,399.34 3.41 12
$ 300,000.01 - $ 350,000.00........................... 668,750.00 0.71 2
$ 350,000.01 - $ 400,000.00........................... 771,261.58 0.81 2
$ 550,000.01 - $ 600,000.00........................... 590,000.00 0.62 1
------------------ ------- -------
Totals....................................... $ 94,729,249.31 100.00% 1,674
================== ======= =======
</TABLE>
S-27
<PAGE>
The following table sets forth the Geographic Distribution of the
Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans as of the Cut-off Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 1
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
----------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Arizona...................................................... $ 1,462,163.44 1.54% 34
California................................................... 2,009,885.65 2.12 36
Colorado..................................................... 5,065,526.44 5.35 135
Connecticut.................................................. 3,979,870.83 4.20 51
Delaware..................................................... 148,948.73 0.16 3
District of Columbia......................................... 46,000.00 0.05 1
Florida...................................................... 7,523,333.23 7.94 174
Georgia...................................................... 2,477,094.20 2.62 43
Idaho........................................................ 177,432.55 0.19 6
Illinois..................................................... 20,911,193.80 22.07 292
Indiana...................................................... 692,168.52 0.73 19
Kentucky..................................................... 126,900.00 0.13 2
Maryland..................................................... 2,343,335.21 2.47 43
Massachusetts................................................ 556,627.56 0.59 19
Michigan..................................................... 1,490,340.52 1.57 31
Minnesota.................................................... 559,856.14 0.59 14
Nevada....................................................... 176,820.00 0.19 4
New Jersey................................................... 4,494,814.49 4.75 55
New Mexico................................................... 172,065.19 0.18 5
New York..................................................... 21,485,367.59 22.68 279
North Carolina............................................... 1,715,325.28 1.81 42
Ohio......................................................... 862,968.97 0.91 18
Oregon....................................................... 1,763,847.91 1.86 43
Pennsylvania................................................. 5,403,416.63 5.70 121
Rhode Island................................................. 299,344.59 0.32 7
South Carolina............................................... 577,044.98 0.61 14
Utah......................................................... 4,827,502.40 5.10 114
Virginia..................................................... 598,294.86 0.63 9
Washington................................................... 2,236,263.07 2.36 48
Wisconsin.................................................... 545,496.53 0.58 12
------------------ -------- ------
Totals........................................... $ 94,729,249.31 100.00% 1,674
================== ======== ======
</TABLE>
S-28
<PAGE>
The following table sets forth the original Combined Loan-to-Value
Ratios (as defined below) of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loan as of the
Cut-off Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 1
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
ORIGINAL COMBINED PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
LOAN-TO-VALUE RATIO BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
------------------- ------------------ ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
10.01% - 15.00%.................................................. $ 64,885.23 0.07% 4
15.01% - 20.00%.................................................. 200,975.11 0.21 7
20.01% - 25.00%.................................................. 171,573.03 0.18 7
25.01% - 30.00%.................................................. 314,442.64 0.33 9
30.01% - 35.00%.................................................. 599,322.07 0.63 16
35.01% - 40.00%.................................................. 881,477.45 0.93 18
40.01% - 45.00%.................................................. 971,446.52 1.03 16
45.01% - 50.00%.................................................. 2,232,565.88 2.36 35
50.01% - 55.00%.................................................. 2,816,663.00 2.97 47
55.01% - 60.00%.................................................. 4,131,576.60 4.36 57
60.01% - 65.00%.................................................. 6,269,803.25 6.62 76
65.01% - 70.00%.................................................. 8,089,399.45 8.54 144
70.01% - 75.00%.................................................. 8,927,676.02 9.43 137
75.01% - 80.00%.................................................. 17,898,012.04 18.89 325
80.01% - 85.00%.................................................. 22,140,381.13 23.37 388
85.01% - 90.00%.................................................. 19,019,049.89 20.08 388
------------------ -------- ------
Totals ...................................................... $ 94,729,249.31 100.00% 1,674
================== ======== ======
</TABLE>
S-29
<PAGE>
The original "Combined Loan-to-Value Ratios" shown on the previous
page are equal, with respect to each Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loan, to (i)
the sum of (a) the original principal balance of such Mortgage Loan at the date
of origination plus (b) the then outstanding principal balance of any related
First Lien, divided by (ii) the Collateral Value of the related Mortgaged
Property. The "Collateral Value" of a Mortgaged Property is the lesser of (x)
the appraised value based on an appraisal made by or for the originator of the
Initial Mortgage Loan of the related Sub-Pool by an independent fee appraiser
(or, in certain instances, by a licensed in-house appraiser of the Depositor) at
the time of the origination of the related Initial Mortgage Loan and (y) the
sales price of such Mortgaged Property at such time of origination. With respect
to an Initial Mortgage Loan for which the proceeds were used to refinance an
existing mortgage loan, the Collateral Value is the appraised value of the
related Mortgaged Property based upon the appraisal obtained at the time of
refinancing.
The following table sets forth the Mortgage Rates borne by the
Mortgage Notes relating to the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans as of the
Cut-off Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 1
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
MORTGAGE RATES BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
-------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
6.250 - 6.499%............................................... $ 341,462.82 0.36% 5
6.500 - 6.749%............................................... 145,657.90 0.15 1
6.750 - 6.999%............................................... 732,847.16 0.77 7
7.000 - 7.249%............................................... 1,113,375.80 1.18 15
7.250 - 7.499%............................................... 909,482.19 0.96 8
7.500 - 7.749%............................................... 2,281,654.06 2.41 18
7.750 - 7.999%............................................... 1,186,016.70 1.25 11
8.000 - 8.249%............................................... 976,087.95 1.03 10
8.250 - 8.499%............................................... 748,603.07 0.79 8
8.500 - 8.749%............................................... 705,409.44 0.74 10
8.750 - 8.999%............................................... 829,670.48 0.88 13
9.000 - 9.249%............................................... 1,231,610.73 1.30 16
9.250 - 9.499%............................................... 1,492,471.22 1.58 22
9.500 - 9.749%............................................... 2,571,962.98 2.72 38
9.750 - 9.999%............................................... 3,174,658.46 3.35 55
10.000 - 10.249%............................................... 2,739,571.78 2.89 46
10.250 - 10.499%............................................... 2,011,895.21 2.12 42
10.500 - 10.749%............................................... 3,435,887.45 3.63 60
10.750 - 10.999%............................................... 4,803,442.48 5.07 69
11.000 - 11.249%............................................... 4,505,447.51 4.76 75
11.250 - 11.499%............................................... 6,561,566.33 6.93 121
11.500 - 11.749%............................................... 8,043,877.24 8.49 117
11.750 - 11.999%............................................... 8,031,305.79 8.48 174
12.000 - 12.249%............................................... 4,655,247.72 4.91 85
12.250 - 12.499%............................................... 5,667,652.61 5.98 100
12.500 - 12.749%............................................... 5,538,178.07 5.85 104
12.750 - 12.999%............................................... 6,755,672.31 7.13 145
13.000 - 13.249%............................................... 2,979,221.23 3.14 60
13.250 - 13.499%............................................... 2,128,251.75 2.25 45
13.500 - 13.749%............................................... 1,220,202.75 1.29 30
13.750 - 13.999%............................................... 2,015,789.81 2.13 52
14.000 - 14.249%............................................... 1,078,213.67 1.14 20
14.250 - 14.499%............................................... 1,110,770.35 1.17 22
14.500 - 14.749%............................................... 1,178,609.19 1.24 21
14.750 - 14.999%............................................... 481,569.84 0.51 11
15.000 - 15.249%............................................... 226,078.60 0.24 5
15.250 - 15.499%............................................... 393,352.53 0.41 9
15.500 - 15.749%............................................... 225,383.19 0.24 6
15.750 - 15.999%............................................... 175,584.79 0.19 7
16.000 - 16.249%............................................... 28,483.82 0.03 1
16.500 - 16.749%............................................... 65,918.93 0.07 4
16.750 - 16.999%............................................... 222,578.98 0.23 5
Greater than 18% .................................................... 8,524.42 0.01 1
------------------ ------- -------
Totals .................................................... $ 94,729,249.31 100.00% 1,674
================== ======= =======
</TABLE>
S-30
<PAGE>
The following table sets forth the number of Remaining Months to
Maturity of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans as of the Cut-off Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 1
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
REMAINING MONTHS TO MATURITY BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
---------------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
12.01 - 24.00..................................................... $ 33,008.48 0.03% 1
48.01 - 60.00..................................................... 71,200.95 0.08 2
60.01 - 72.00..................................................... 80,080.68 0.08 1
82.01 - 84.00..................................................... 165,123.67 0.17 2
84.01 - 96.00..................................................... 1,268,946.61 1.34 38
96.01 - 108.00..................................................... 1,121,546.74 1.18 24
108.01 - 120.00..................................................... 2,948,010.12 3.11 82
120.01 - 132.00..................................................... 326,145.50 0.34 2
132.01 - 144.00..................................................... 1,132,762.73 1.20 18
144.01 - 156.00..................................................... 112,300.00 0.12 2
156.01 - 168.00..................................................... 81,900.00 0.09 1
168.01 - 180.00..................................................... 51,173,211.39 54.02 986
180.01 - 192.00..................................................... 101,221.55 0.11 3
216.01 - 228.00..................................................... 142,608.62 0.15 4
228.01 - 240.00..................................................... 14,471,987.06 15.28 282
252.01 - 264.00..................................................... 36,470.50 0.04 1
264.01 - 276.00..................................................... 416,976.46 0.44 9
276.01 - 288.00..................................................... 1,781,521.42 1.88 22
288.01 - 300.00..................................................... 2,340,633.97 2.47 26
300.01 - 312.00..................................................... 2,181,663.70 2.30 15
312.01 - 324.00..................................................... 3,379,472.27 3.57 31
336.01 - 348.00..................................................... 119,616.03 0.13 1
351.01 - 360.00..................................................... 11,242,840.86 11.87 121
------------------ ------- -------
Totals....................................................... $ 94,729,249.31 100.00% 1,674
================== ======= =======
</TABLE>
The following table sets forth the distribution of the Sub-Pool 1
Initial Mortgage Loans by the Depositor's Underwriting Class as of the Cut-off
Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 1
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
UNDERWRITING CLASS BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
------------------ ------------------ ---------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
AA....................................................................... $ 11,194,589.04 11.82% 206
A........................................................................ 12,328,519.67 13.02 144
ANIV..................................................................... 19,337,203.10 20.41 338
I........................................................................ 23,391,981.43 24.69 443
II....................................................................... 7,667,804.17 8.10 145
III...................................................................... 6,659,616.17 7.03 131
III-SE................................................................... 3,961,306.08 4.18 71
IV....................................................................... 8,320,471.33 8.78 160
IV-PI.................................................................... 729,164.26 0.77 11
V........................................................................ 1,138,594.06 1.20 25
------------------ -------- ------
Totals........................................................ $ 94,729,249.31 100.00% 1,674
================== ======== ======
</TABLE>
S-31
<PAGE>
The following table sets forth the Property Types of the Sub-Pool 1
Initial Mortgage Loans:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 1
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
PROPERTY TYPES BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
-------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Single Family (attached/detached)........................................ $ 75,744,237.57 79.96% 1,414
Condominium.............................................................. 1,613,269.88 1.70 36
Two-to-Four Family....................................................... 10,664,545.19 11.26 132
Planned Unit Development................................................. 1,826,589.25 1.93 40
Manufactured Housing..................................................... 1,488,970.97 1.57 36
MultiFamily.............................................................. 2,165,607.87 2.29 9
Mixed Use................................................................ 1,226,028.58 1.29 7
------------------ ------- -------
Totals........................................................ $ 94,729,249.31 100.00% 1,674
================== ======= =======
</TABLE>
CONVEYANCE OF SUB-POOL 1 SUBSEQUENT MORTGAGE LOANS AND THE SUB-POOL 1
PRE-FUNDING ACCOUNT
Under the Pooling Agreement, following the initial issuance of the
Certificates, the Depositor has committed to sell, and the Trust Fund will be
obligated to purchase from the Depositor, on or before August 22, 1997, subject
to the availability thereof, additional conventional, fixed-rate residential
Mortgage Loans (the "Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Mortgage Loans") secured by first or
second liens on Single Family Properties, Multifamily Properties and Mixed Use
Properties which will be originated and underwritten or purchased and
re-underwritten by the Depositor. In each case the underwriting will be
performed in accordance with the criteria set forth herein under "The
Depositor--Underwriting Criteria--Sub-Pool 1". Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Mortgage
Loans will be transferred to the Trust Fund pursuant to Subsequent Transfer
Instruments (the "Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Transfer Instruments") between the
Depositor and the Trustee. In connection with the purchase of Sub-Pool 1
Subsequent Mortgage Loans on such dates of transfer (the "Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent
Transfer Dates"), the Trust Fund will be required to pay the Depositor from
amounts on deposit in the Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funding Account a cash purchase price
of 100% of the principal balance thereof. The Depositor will designate the close
of business on the day prior to the Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Transfer Date as the
cut-off date (the "Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Cut-off Date") with respect to the
related Subsequent Mortgage Loans purchased on such date and, as a result, the
Trust Fund will not be required to pay accrued interest with respect thereto.
Therefore, the aggregate principal balance of Sub-Pool 1 after the Closing Date
will increase by an amount equal to the aggregate principal balance of the
Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Mortgage Loans so purchased and the amount in the Sub-Pool
1 Pre-Funding Account will decrease accordingly.
The Trustee will establish a Pre-Funding Account (the "Sub-Pool 1
Pre-Funding Account") into which it will deposit upon receipt from the Depositor
$40,937,753.72 (the "Original Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funded Amount") to be used to
purchase the Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Mortgage Loans. The Original Sub-Pool 1
Pre-Funded Amount will be reduced during the Funding Period by the amount
thereof used to purchase Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Mortgage Loans in accordance with
the Pooling Agreement (on any date of determination, the Original Sub-Pool 1
Pre-Funded Amount as so reduced, the "Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funded Amount"). During the
period (the "Sub-Pool 1 Funding Period") from the Closing Date until the earlier
of (i) the date on which the amount on deposit in the Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funding
Account is zero or (ii) August 22, 1997, the Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funded Amount will
be maintained in the Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funding Account.
Any conveyance of Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Mortgage Loans on a Sub-Pool
1 Subsequent Transfer Date is subject to certain conditions including, but not
limited to: (a) each such Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Mortgage Loan must satisfy the
representations and warranties specified in the Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Transfer
Instrument and the Pooling Agreement; (b) the Depositor will not select such
Subsequent Mortgage Loans in a manner that it believes is adverse to the
interests of the Certificateholders; (c) the Depositor will deliver certain
opinions of counsel with respect to the validity of the conveyance of such
Subsequent Mortgage Loans; (d) as of the respective Subsequent Cut-off Date, the
Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Mortgage Loans will satisfy the following criteria: (i)
such Subsequent Mortgage Loan may not be 30 or more days contractually
delinquent as of the related Subsequent Cut-off Date; (ii)
S-32
<PAGE>
the original term to maturity of such Subsequent Mortgage Loan will not be less
than 60 months and will not exceed 360 months; (iii) such Subsequent Mortgage
Loan may not provide for negative amortization; (iv) such Subsequent Mortgage
Loan will have a Mortgage Rate not less than 8.50%; (v) such Subsequent Mortgage
Loan will be underwritten in accordance with the criteria set forth under "The
Depositor--Underwriting Criteria--Sub-Pool 1" herein; (vi) such Subsequent
Mortgage Loan will have been serviced by the Servicer since origination or
purchase by the Depositor; (vii) such Subsequent Mortgage Loan will not have a
Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio greater than 90%; and (viii) such Subsequent
Mortgage Loans will have (A) as of the end of the Sub-Pool 1 Funding Period, a
weighted average number of months since origination of not over 4 months and (B)
not over 20% by aggregate principal balance with a first payment date in October
1997. In addition, following the purchase of any Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Mortgage
Loan by the Trust Fund, the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans (including the Sub-Pool 1
Subsequent Mortgage Loans) as of the end of the Sub-Pool 1 Funding Period will:
(i) have a weighted average Mortgage Rate of at least 10.95%; (ii) have a
weighted average remaining term to stated maturity of not more than 265 months
and not less than 185 months; (iii) have a weighted average Combined
Loan-to-Value Ratio of not more than 80%; (iv) have not in excess of 48% by
aggregate principal balance of Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans that are Balloon Loans;
(v) have no Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loan with a principal balance in excess of
$850,000; (vi) not have in excess of 15% by aggregate principal balance of
Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans secured by non-owner occupied Mortgaged Properties;
(vii) not have a concentration of Mortgaged Properties in a single zip code in
excess of 4% by aggregate principal balance of Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans; (viii)
not have in excess of 5% by aggregate principal balance of Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage
Loans secured by Mortgaged Properties that are condominiums; (ix) have at least
74% by aggregate principal balance of Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans secured by fee
simple interests in attached or detached Single Family Properties (including
units in planned unit developments); (x) not have in excess of 10% by aggregate
principal balance of Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans secured by Multifamily Properties
and Mixed Use Properties; and (xi) not have in excess of 5% by aggregate
principal balance of Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans secured by Manufactured Homes. In
the sole discretion of the Certificate Insurer, Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Mortgage
Loans with characteristics varying from those set forth in this paragraph may be
purchased by the Trust Fund; provided, however, that the addition of such
Mortgage Loans will not materially affect the aggregate characteristics of
Sub-Pool 1.
SUB-POOL 2
Payments on the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans
The initial Sub-Pool 2 (the "Initial Sub-Pool 2") consists of the
Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans with an aggregate principal balance
outstanding as of the Cut-off Date, after deducting all payments of principal
due on or before such date, of $119,164,842.18 (the "Original Sub-Pool 2
Principal Balance"). The Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans consist of
conventional, adjustable-rate Mortgage Loans secured by first liens on Single
Family and Multifamily Properties with original terms to maturity of up to 360
months. Approximately 65.50% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans, by
Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance, were originated and underwritten by the
Depositor, and the remainder of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans were
purchased and re-underwritten by the Depositor. In each case the underwriting
was performed in accordance with the criteria set forth herein under "The
Depositor--Underwriting Criteria--Sub-Pool 2". The Depositor began originating
and purchasing mortgage loans pursuant to its Adjustable Rate First Mortgage
Program in the fourth calendar quarter of 1992.
The Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans have Mortgage Rates subject to
annual or semiannual adjustment after an initial six-month, twelve-month,
twenty-four month or thirty-six month period on the day of the month specified
in the related Mortgage Note (each such date, an "Adjustment Date") to equal the
sum, rounded to the nearest 0.125%, of (i)(A) with respect to 26.33% of the
Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans, by Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance, the weekly
average yield on United States Treasury Securities adjusted to a constant
maturity of one year, as published in the Federal Reserve Statistical Release
H.15 (519), as most recently announced as of a date 45 days prior to such
Adjustment Date (the "One-Year U.S. Treasury Index"; such Mortgage Loans, the
"One Year U.S. Treasury Loans"), and (B) with respect to 73.67% of the Sub-Pool
2 Mortgage Loans, by Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance, the Six-Month LIBOR
Index (as defined below; such Mortgage Loans, the "Six-Month LIBOR Loans"; the
One-Year U.S. Treasury Index and the Six-Month LIBOR Index, each, an "Index")
and (ii) a fixed percentage amount specified in the related Mortgage Note (the
"Gross Margin"); provided, however, that
S-33
<PAGE>
the Mortgage Rate will not increase or decrease on any Adjustment Date by more
than (i) 2% with respect to the One-Year U.S. Treasury Loans or (ii) 1% with
respect to the Six-Month LIBOR Loans, or, with respect to the initial Adjustment
Date, not increase by more than 2%, with respect to the Six-Month LIBOR Loans
that are subject to an adjustment after an initial twenty-four month period
(each, a "Periodic Rate Cap"). All the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans provide
that over the life of the Mortgage Loan the Mortgage Rate will in no event be
more than the fixed percentage set forth in the Mortgage Note (such rate, the
"Maximum Mortgage Rate"). Each Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loan provides that in
no event will the Mortgage Rate be less than the initial Mortgage Rate, except
with respect to approximately 53.55% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans
which are Six-Month LIBOR Loans that are subject to an adjustment after an
initial twenty-four month period, all of which provide that the Mortgage Rate
may be 1% lower than the initial Mortgage Rate (such rate, the "Minimum Mortgage
Rate") and except with respect to approximately 18.65% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial
Mortgage Loans which are One-Year U.S. Treasury Loans that are subject to an
adjustment after an initial twelve or thirty-six month period, all of which
provide for no minimum Mortgage Rate. Effective with the first payment due on a
Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loan after each related Adjustment Date, the monthly
payment will be adjusted to an amount which will fully amortize the outstanding
principal balance of such Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loan over its remaining
term, and pay interest at the Mortgage Rate as so adjusted. Approximately 81.34%
of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans were originated with a Mortgage Rate
less than the sum of (i) the related Index at the time the initial Mortgage Rate
was established and (ii) the Gross Margin, such sum rounded as described above.
The Index applicable with respect to approximately 73.67% of the
Mortgage Loans, by Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance, will be a per annum
rate equal to the average of interbank offered rates for six-month U.S.
dollar-denominated deposits in the London market based on quotations of major
banks (the "Six-Month LIBOR Index") as published in The Wall Street Journal and
as most recently available as of the date specified in the related Mortgage
Note.
If an Index ceases to be published or is otherwise unavailable, the
Servicer will select an alternative index for mortgage loans on comparable
properties, based upon comparable information, over which it has no control and
which is readily verifiable by Mortgagors.
As of the Cut-off Date, all of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans
are current.
Each Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loan was originated on or after
April 18, 1985, and has an initial or next Adjustment Date on or before June 1,
1999.
The Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans have the following
characteristics as of the Cut-off Date (expressed, where applicable, as a
percentage of the Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance):
The weighted average Mortgage Rate of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage
Loans will be approximately 10.045%. The Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage
Loans will have Mortgage Rates ranging from approximately 5.500% to
14.375% and Gross Margins ranging from approximately 1.875% to
8.750%. The weighted average Gross Margin will be approximately
5.531%.
The Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans will have Minimum Mortgage
Rates ranging from approximately 0.000% to 13.375% and Maximum
Mortgage Rates ranging from approximately 10.500% to 20.375%. The
weighted average Minimum Mortgage Rate of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial
Mortgage Loans will be approximately 7.954% and the weighted average
Maximum Mortgage Rate of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans will
be approximately 15.667%.
The weighted average remaining term to maturity of the Sub-Pool 2
Initial Mortgage Loans will be approximately 348.82 months. None of
the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans will have had a first payment
date prior to June 1, 1985 and none of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial
Mortgage Loans will have a remaining term to maturity of less than
approximately 124 months. The latest maturity date of any of the
Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans will be June 1, 2027.
The Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans will each have a principal
balance of not less than approximately $11,000.00 or more than
approximately $844,447.25. The Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans will
have an average principal balance of approximately $118,926.99.
S-34
<PAGE>
The weighted average Loan-to-Value Ratio at origination of the
Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans (weighted based upon the Original
Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance) will be approximately 78.75%, and no
Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loan will have a Loan-to-Value Ratio at
origination exceeding 90.00%.
Approximately 42.73% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans will be
Mortgage Loans the proceeds of which were used to purchase a
Mortgaged Property. The proceeds of not more than approximately 8.95%
of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans will be used to refinance an
existing mortgage loan and the proceeds of not more than
approximately 48.32% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans will be
cash-out mortgage loans.
No more than approximately 1.47% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage
Loans will be secured by Mortgaged Properties located in any one zip
code area.
Approximately 80.90% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans will be
secured by attached or detached one-family dwelling units (not
including Manufactured Homes). Approximately 3.38% of the Sub-Pool 2
Initial Mortgage Loans will be secured by units in condominiums.
Approximately 4.76% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans will be
secured by units in planned unit developments. Approximately 0.51% of
the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans will be secured by Manufactured
Homes. No more than approximately 10.09% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial
Mortgage Loans will be secured by units in properties consisting of
two- to four-family dwelling units. Approximately 0.36% of the
Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans will be secured by Multifamily
Properties. None of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans will be
secured by Mixed Use Properties.
Based on representations of Mortgagors at origination, approximately
11.83% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans will be secured by
investor properties and approximately 96.73% of the Sub-Pool 2
Initial Mortgage Loans will be secured by owner-occupied properties.
The apparent discrepancy in these percentages results from there
being approximately 8.56% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans
that are secured by units in properties consisting of two- to
four-family dwelling units partially occupied by the Mortgagor as the
Mortgagor's primary residence and partially rented out as investor
property.
None of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans provide for deferred
interest or negative amortization.
None of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans will be subject to any
buydown agreement.
None of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans will be insured by any
primary mortgage insurance policy.
S-35
<PAGE>
The following table sets forth the Range of Principal Balances of the
Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans as of the Cut-off Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 2
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
RANGE OF PRINCIPAL BALANCES BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
--------------------------- --------------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$ 10,000.01 - $ 20,000.00...................................... $ 98,761.40 0.08% 6
$ 20,000.01 - $ 30,000.00...................................... 384,641.23 0.32 15
$ 30,000.01 - $ 40,000.00...................................... 1,397,809.49 1.17 39
$ 40,000.01 - $ 50,000.00...................................... 2,846,922.19 2.39 63
$ 50,000.01 - $ 60,000.00...................................... 5,097,903.60 4.28 92
$ 60,000.01 - $ 70,000.00...................................... 4,537,018.94 3.81 70
$ 70,000.01 - $ 80,000.00...................................... 4,920,610.02 4.13 66
$ 80,000.01 - $ 90,000.00...................................... 6,196,828.69 5.20 73
$ 90,000.01 - $ 100,000.00...................................... 8,468,505.81 7.11 89
$ 100,000.01 - $ 110,000.00...................................... 6,737,953.11 5.65 64
$ 110,000.01 - $ 120,000.00...................................... 7,620,041.00 6.40 66
$ 120,000.01 - $ 130,000.00...................................... 5,396,244.48 4.53 43
$ 130,000.01 - $ 140,000.00...................................... 7,415,748.83 6.22 55
$ 140,000.01 - $ 150,000.00...................................... 5,111,765.04 4.29 35
$ 150,000.01 - $ 160,000.00...................................... 5,414,254.84 4.54 35
$ 160,000.01 - $ 170,000.00...................................... 2,986,149.64 2.51 18
$ 170,000.01 - $ 180,000.00...................................... 3,344,758.53 2.81 19
$ 180,000.01 - $ 190,000.00...................................... 2,227,224.08 1.87 12
$ 190,000.01 - $ 200,000.00...................................... 4,112,317.03 3.45 21
$ 200,000.01 - $ 250,000.00...................................... 16,194,162.15 13.59 72
$ 250,000.01 - $ 300,000.00...................................... 5,575,874.43 4.68 20
$ 300,000.01 - $ 350,000.00...................................... 1,646,836.00 1.38 5
$ 350,000.01 - $ 400,000.00...................................... 3,760,898.79 3.16 10
$ 400,000.01 - $ 450,000.00...................................... 1,731,250.00 1.45 4
$ 450,000.01 - $ 500,000.00...................................... 1,456,260.07 1.22 3
$ 500,000.01 - $ 550,000.00...................................... 1,073,425.41 0.90 2
$ 600,000.01 - $ 650,000.00...................................... 1,875,105.13 1.57 3
$ 650,000.01 - $ 700,000.00...................................... 691,125.00 0.58 1
$ 800,000.01 - $ 850,000.00...................................... 844,447.25 0.71 1
--------------- ------- -------
Totals...................................................... $119,164,842.18 100.00% 1,002
=============== ======= ======
</TABLE>
S-36
<PAGE>
The following table sets forth the Geographic Distribution of the
Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans as of the Cut-off Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 2
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
----------------------- --------------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Arizona.................................................................. $ 3,330,366.04 2.79% 31
California............................................................... 1,344,987.76 1.13 5
Colorado................................................................. 7,594,072.01 6.37 49
Connecticut.............................................................. 3,780,700.22 3.17 38
Delaware................................................................. 277,487.49 0.23 3
District of Columbia..................................................... 144,000.00 0.12 2
Florida.................................................................. 4,624,020.78 3.88 52
Georgia.................................................................. 2,983,262.29 2.50 25
Idaho.................................................................... 53,534.68 0.05 1
Illinois................................................................. 28,456,501.00 23.88 241
Indiana.................................................................. 1,587,536.56 1.33 13
Kentucky................................................................. 89,470.44 0.08 1
Maryland................................................................. 2,926,182.99 2.46 24
Massachusetts............................................................ 869,887.37 0.73 6
Michigan................................................................. 8,489,231.83 7.12 80
Minnesota................................................................ 85,600.00 0.07 1
Nevada................................................................... 297,204.33 0.25 3
New Jersey............................................................... 10,933,143.63 9.17 78
New Mexico............................................................... 607,073.61 0.51 5
New York................................................................. 17,504,060.92 14.69 112
North Carolina........................................................... 556,061.05 0.47 8
Ohio..................................................................... 1,141,392.36 0.96 13
Oregon................................................................... 1,071,896.74 0.90 12
Pennsylvania............................................................. 10,901,644.83 9.15 120
Rhode Island............................................................. 59,856.79 0.05 1
South Carolina........................................................... 904,153.92 0.76 11
Utah..................................................................... 3,725,856.68 3.13 27
Virginia................................................................. 694,555.13 0.58 2
Washington............................................................... 2,798,502.42 2.35 21
Wisconsin................................................................ 1,332,598.31 1.12 17
--------------- ------ -----
Totals........................................................ $119,164,842.18 100.00% 1,002
=============== ====== =====
</TABLE>
S-37
<PAGE>
The following table sets forth the Original Loan-to-Value Ratios (as
defined below) of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans as of the Cut-off Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 2
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
ORIGINAL LOAN-TO-VALUE RATIO BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
---------------------------- --------------- ---------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
10.01% - 15.00%.................................................. $ 39,689.95 0.03% 2
20.01% - 25.00%.................................................. 58,386.10 0.05 2
25.01% - 30.00%.................................................. 207,659.75 0.17 5
30.01% - 35.00%.................................................. 210,717.39 0.18 4
35.01% - 40.00%.................................................. 745,305.31 0.63 7
40.01% - 45.00%.................................................. 618,702.70 0.52 9
45.01% - 50.00%.................................................. 1,386,211.71 1.16 16
50.01% - 55.00%.................................................. 2,246,054.67 1.89 18
55.01% - 60.00%.................................................. 1,553,559.74 1.30 21
60.01% - 65.00%.................................................. 4,849,633.79 4.07 37
65.01% - 70.00%.................................................. 9,664,239.93 8.11 86
70.01% - 75.00%.................................................. 14,386,507.41 12.07 112
75.01% - 80.00%.................................................. 32,162,997.21 26.99 270
80.01% - 85.00%.................................................. 23,685,337.53 19.88 190
85.01% - 90.00%.................................................. 27,349,838.99 22.95 223
--------------- -------- -------
Totals ...................................................... $119,164,842.18 100.00% 1,002
=============== ======== =======
</TABLE>
The original "Loan-To-Value Ratios" shown on the previous table are
equal, with respect to each Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loan, to (i) the
principal balance of such Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loan at the date of
origination, divided by (ii) the Collateral Value of the related Mortgaged
Property.
S-38
<PAGE>
The following table sets forth the Mortgage Rates borne by the
Mortgage Notes relating to the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans as of the
Cut-off Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 2
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
MORTGAGE RATES BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
-------------- --------------- ---------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
5.500 - 5.749%.................................................. $ 261,830.90 0.22% 2
7.000 - 7.249%.................................................. 90,000.00 0.08 1
7.250 - 7.499%.................................................. 510,450.00 0.43 3
7.500 - 7.749%.................................................. 379,468.46 0.32 4
7.750 - 7.999%.................................................. 408,029.81 0.34 3
8.000 - 8.249%.................................................. 4,093,736.85 3.44 28
8.250 - 8.499%.................................................. 16,277,444.81 13.66 133
8.500 - 8.749%.................................................. 6,710,380.25 5.63 56
8.750 - 8.999%.................................................. 3,519,020.58 2.95 26
9.000 - 9.249%.................................................. 2,652,997.58 2.23 22
9.250 - 9.499%.................................................. 4,665,621.75 3.91 27
9.500 - 9.749%.................................................. 6,590,496.62 5.53 60
9.750 - 9.999%.................................................. 7,991,628.88 6.71 71
10.000 - 10.249%.................................................. 8,995,794.80 7.55 65
10.250 - 10.499%.................................................. 7,858,449.78 6.59 67
10.500 - 10.749%.................................................. 10,383,523.67 8.71 90
10.750 - 10.999%.................................................. 6,855,669.38 5.75 57
11.000 - 11.249%.................................................. 6,580,018.18 5.52 60
11.250 - 11.499%.................................................. 6,378,332.13 5.35 53
11.500 - 11.749%.................................................. 5,432,412.24 4.56 51
11.750 - 11.999%.................................................. 2,132,634.13 1.79 20
12.000 - 12.249%.................................................. 1,691,698.25 1.42 15
12.250 - 12.499%.................................................. 2,749,181.10 2.31 26
12.500 - 12.749%.................................................. 2,389,474.46 2.00 23
12.750 - 12.999%.................................................. 1,415,647.50 1.19 15
13.000 - 13.249%.................................................. 1,054,022.26 0.88 13
13.250 - 13.499%.................................................. 379,692.51 0.32 4
13.500 - 13.749%.................................................. 447,885.30 0.38 4
13.750 - 13.999%.................................................. 237,550.00 0.20 2
14.250 - 14.499%.................................................. 31,750.00 0.03 1
--------------- ------- -------
Totals ....................................................... $119,164,842.18 100.00% 1,002
=============== ======= =======
</TABLE>
S-39
<PAGE>
The following table sets forth the number of Remaining Months to
Maturity of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans as of the Cut-off Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 2
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
REMAINING MONTHS TO MATURITY BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
---------------------------- --------------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
121 - 132.99........................................................ $ 135,101.37 0.11% 2
133 - 144.99........................................................ 213,207.66 0.18 3
169 - 180.99........................................................ 41,537.65 0.03 1
205 - 216.99........................................................ 81,081.88 0.07 1
217 - 228.99........................................................ 199,202.70 0.17 2
229 - 240.99........................................................ 362,665.34 0.30 8
265 - 276.99........................................................ 188,956.29 0.16 2
277 - 288.99........................................................ 63,741.32 0.05 1
289 - 300.99........................................................ 1,092,089.98 0.92 6
301 - 312.99........................................................ 8,710,410.69 7.31 72
313 - 324.99........................................................ 10,709,955.76 8.99 89
325 - 336.99........................................................ 834,331.01 0.70 7
349 - 357.99........................................................ 11,399,753.20 9.57 98
358 - 358.99........................................................ 18,613,110.99 15.62 158
359 - 359.99........................................................ 40,815,933.34 34.25 332
360 ................................................................... 25,703,763.00 21.57 220
--------------- ------ -----
Totals.............................................................. $119,164,842.18 100.00% 1,002
=============== ====== =====
</TABLE>
The following tables set forth the distribution of the Sub-Pool 2
Initial Mortgage Loans by Month of Next Rate Adjustment as of the Cut-off Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 2
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
MONTH OF NEXT RATE ADJUSTMENT PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
FOR ONE-YEAR U.S. TREASURY LOANS BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
-------------------------------- -------------- ---------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
July 1997................................................................ $ 1,857,173.50 5.92% 17
August 1997.............................................................. 1,727,318.73 5.50 14
September 1997........................................................... 2,304,079.47 7.34 19
October 1997............................................................. 2,852,562.79 9.09 24
November 1997............................................................ 5,889,402.76 18.77 43
December 1997............................................................ 6,216,946.31 19.81 40
January 1998............................................................. 1,976,573.21 6.30 17
February 1998............................................................ 3,005,952.48 9.58 22
March 1998............................................................... 1,358,404.72 4.33 13
April 1998............................................................... 1,014,835.02 3.23 9
May 1998................................................................. 1,289,393.32 4.11 8
June 1998................................................................ 1,888,671.18 6.02 14
-------------- -------- ----
Totals........................................................ $31,381,313.49 100.00% 240
============== ======== ====
</TABLE>
S-40
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 2
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
MONTH OF NEXT RATE ADJUSTMENT PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
FOR SIX-MONTH LIBOR LOANS BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
----------------------------- ----------------- ---------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
July 1997................................................................ $ 549,699.44 0.63% 4
August 1997.............................................................. 314,546.87 0.36 2
September 1997........................................................... 1,262,465.48 1.44 9
October 1997............................................................. 4,476,316.12 5.10 34
November 1997............................................................ 11,325,282.31 12.90 76
December 1997............................................................ 5,792,808.47 6.60 47
November 1998............................................................ 73,234.89 0.08 1
December 1998............................................................ 321,565.68 0.37 2
January 1999............................................................. 1,503,126.17 1.71 17
February 1999............................................................ 2,455,259.84 2.80 24
March 1999............................................................... 2,005,400.46 2.28 17
April 1999............................................................... 12,734,413.74 14.51 115
May 1999................................................................. 27,128,771.22 30.90 243
June 1999................................................................ 17,840,638.00 20.32 171
-------------- ------ ---
Totals........................................................ $87,783,528.69 100.00% 762
============== ====== ====
</TABLE>
The following tables set forth the distribution of the Gross Margins
set forth in the Mortgage Notes relating to the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage
Loans as of the Cut-off Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 2
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
GROSS MARGIN FOR PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
ONE-YEAR U.S. TREASURY LOANS BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
---------------------------- -------------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1.750 - 1.999%................................................. $ 23,069.95 0.07% 1
2.250 - 2.499%................................................. 237,358.14 0.76 1
2.750 - 2.999%................................................. 21,967,650.57 70.00 183
3.500 - 3.749%................................................. 90,000.00 0.29 1
3.750 - 3.999%................................................. 191,250.00 0.61 1
4.500 - 4.749%................................................. 287,102.98 0.92 2
4.750 - 4.999%................................................. 880,000.00 2.81 2
5.000 - 5.249%................................................. 928,948.99 2.96 6
5.250 - 5.499%................................................. 242,146.02 0.77 2
5.750 - 5.999%................................................. 1,623,677.77 5.17 9
6.000 - 6.249%................................................. 612,333.38 1.95 4
6.250 - 6.499%................................................. 744,984.64 2.37 7
6.500 - 6.749%................................................. 90,965.39 0.29 2
6.750 - 6.999%................................................. 693,694.14 2.21 4
7.250 - 7.499%................................................. 827,459.64 2.64 5
7.500 - 7.749%................................................. 729,375.90 2.33 4
7.750 - 7.999%................................................. 625,394.18 1.99 3
8.000 - 8.249%................................................. 180,000.00 0.57 1
8.250 - 8.499%................................................. 405,901.80 1.29 2
-------------- -------- -----
Totals........................................................ $31,381,313.49 100.00% 240
============== ======== =====
</TABLE>
S-41
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 2
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
GROSS MARGIN FOR PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
SIX-MONTH LIBOR LOANS BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
--------------------- -------------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
3.500 - 3.749%................................................. $ 266,471.10 0.30% 2
3.750 - 3.999%................................................. 2,398,816.87 2.73 20
4.000 - 4.249%................................................. 71,900.00 0.08 1
4.250 - 4.499%................................................. 50,400.00 0.06 1
4.500 - 4.749%................................................. 2,649,109.42 3.02 26
4.750 - 4.999%................................................. 3,387,678.38 3.86 24
5.000 - 5.249%................................................. 5,081,045.40 5.79 54
5.250 - 5.499%................................................. 4,090,667.73 4.66 40
5.500 - 5.749%................................................. 5,392,759.77 6.14 42
5.750 - 5.999%................................................. 11,275,026.97 12.84 99
6.000 - 6.249%................................................. 9,081,836.12 10.35 84
6.250 - 6.499%................................................. 8,659,109.82 9.86 65
6.500 - 6.749%................................................. 7,762,962.55 8.84 55
6.750 - 6.999%................................................. 8,836,496.48 10.07 77
7.000 - 7.249%................................................. 3,134,541.17 3.57 30
7.250 - 7.499%................................................. 3,828,758.26 4.36 36
7.500 - 7.749%................................................. 4,700,703.60 5.36 41
7.750 - 7.999%................................................. 2,619,750.33 2.98 21
8.000 - 8.249%................................................. 913,428.89 1.04 8
8.250 - 8.499%................................................. 1,850,146.13 2.11 19
8.500 - 8.749%................................................. 1,700,169.70 1.94 16
8.750 - 8.999%................................................. 31,750.00 0.04 1
-------------- -------- -----
Totals........................................................ $87,783,528.69 100.00% 762
============== ======== =====
</TABLE>
S-42
<PAGE>
The following tables set forth the distribution of the Maximum
Mortgage Rates set forth in the Mortgage Notes relating to the Sub-Pool 2
Initial Mortgage Loans as of the Cut-off Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 2
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
MAXIMUM MORTGAGE RATES FOR PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
ONE-YEAR U.S. TREASURY LOANS BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
---------------------------- -------------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
10.500 - 10.749%................................................. $ 198,069.13 0.63% 2
10.750 - 10.999%................................................. 714,062.67 2.28 5
11.000 - 11.249%................................................. 2,018,672.68 6.43 18
11.250 - 11.499%................................................. 875,957.22 2.79 9
11.500 - 11.749%................................................. 910,747.42 2.90 8
11.750 - 11.999%................................................. 505,960.23 1.61 3
12.000 - 12.249%................................................. 1,112,529.43 3.55 9
12.250 - 12.499%................................................. 5,834,648.77 18.59 51
12.500 - 12.749%................................................. 4,557,779.84 14.52 32
12.750 - 12.999%................................................. 1,886,635.85 6.01 19
13.000 - 13.249%................................................. 1,856,613.85 5.92 11
13.250 - 13.499%................................................. 490,911.48 1.57 5
13.500 - 13.749%................................................. 284,141.05 0.91 4
13.750 - 13.999%................................................. 757,039.99 2.41 6
14.000 - 14.249%................................................. 353,845.64 1.13 2
14.250 - 14.499%................................................. 955,602.98 3.05 3
14.500 - 14.749%................................................. 1,104,562.90 3.52 8
14.750 - 14.999%................................................. 600,680.05 1.91 5
15.250 - 15.499%................................................. 708,847.46 2.26 5
15.500 - 15.749%................................................. 690,577.31 2.20 5
15.750 - 15.999%................................................. 455,392.47 1.45 4
16.000 - 16.249%................................................. 1,105,286.16 3.52 6
16.250 - 16.499%................................................. 41,454.37 0.13 1
16.500 - 16.749%................................................. 903,060.43 2.88 5
16.750 - 16.999%................................................. 1,027,872.92 3.28 6
17.000 - 17.249%................................................. 201,380.10 0.64 1
17.250 - 17.499%................................................. 416,135.29 1.33 2
17.500 - 17.749%................................................. 220,545.80 0.70 2
17.750 - 17.999%................................................. 318,000.00 1.01 2
18.000 - 18.249%................................................. 274,300.00 0.87 1
-------------- -------- -----
Totals........................................................ $31,381,313.49 100.00% 240
============== ======== =====
</TABLE>
S-43
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 2
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
MAXIMUM MORTGAGE RATES FOR PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
SIX-MONTH LIBOR LOANS BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
--------------------------- -------------- ---------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
13.250 - 13.499%................................................. $ 319,200.00 0.36% 2
13.500 - 13.749%................................................. 204,000.00 0.23 1
13.750 - 13.999%................................................. 492,664.00 0.56 4
14.000 - 14.249%................................................. 844,447.25 0.96 1
14.250 - 14.499%................................................. 1,003,242.94 1.14 10
14.500 - 14.749%................................................. 1,630,721.82 1.86 17
14.750 - 14.999%................................................. 2,658,802.17 3.03 20
15.000 - 15.249%................................................. 2,772,497.95 3.16 23
15.250 - 15.499%................................................. 4,035,596.59 4.60 23
15.500 - 15.749%................................................. 6,138,949.23 6.99 56
15.750 - 15.999%................................................. 7,715,839.81 8.79 69
16.000 - 16.249%................................................. 7,967,473.61 9.08 59
16.250 - 16.499%................................................. 8,205,641.47 9.35 69
16.500 - 16.749%................................................. 9,480,463.24 10.80 85
16.750 - 16.999%................................................. 5,770,163.06 6.57 51
17.000 - 17.249%................................................. 5,943,142.82 6.77 57
17.250 - 17.499%................................................. 5,527,843.80 6.30 48
17.500 - 17.749%................................................. 5,170,412.07 5.89 48
17.750 - 17.999%................................................. 1,779,825.48 2.03 17
18.000 - 18.249%................................................. 1,417,398.25 1.62 14
18.250 - 18.499%................................................. 2,749,181.10 3.13 26
18.500 - 18.749%................................................. 2,389,474.46 2.72 23
18.750 - 18.999%................................................. 1,415,647.50 1.61 15
19.000 - 19.250%................................................. 2,150,900.07 2.45 24
-------------- -------- -----
Totals........................................................ $87,783,528.69 100.00% 762
============== ======== =====
</TABLE>
S-44
<PAGE>
The following tables set forth the distribution of Minimum Mortgage
Rates set forth in the Mortgage Notes relating to the Sub-Pool 2 Initial
Mortgage Loans as of the Cut-off Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 2
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
MINIMUM MORTGAGE RATES FOR PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
ONE-YEAR U.S. TREASURY LOANS BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
---------------------------- -------------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
No Minimum Rate.......................................................... $22,228,078.66 70.83% 185
7.000 - 7.249%................................................. 90,000.00 0.29 1
7.250 - 7.499%................................................. 191,250.00 0.61 1
8.000 - 8.249%................................................. 211,500.00 0.67 1
8.250 - 8.499%................................................. 955,602.98 3.05 3
8.500 - 8.749%................................................. 930,305.78 2.97 6
8.750 - 8.999%................................................. 490,546.06 1.56 4
9.250 - 9.499%................................................. 630,025.16 2.01 4
9.500 - 9.749%................................................. 690,577.31 2.20 5
9.750 - 9.999%................................................. 455,392.47 1.45 4
10.000 - 10.249%................................................. 1,105,286.16 3.52 6
10.250 - 10.499%................................................. 41,454.37 0.13 1
10.500 - 10.749%................................................. 903,060.43 2.88 5
10.750 - 10.999%................................................. 1,027,872.92 3.28 6
11.000 - 11.249%................................................. 201,380.10 0.64 1
11.250 - 11.499%................................................. 416,135.29 1.33 2
11.500 - 11.749%................................................. 220,545.80 0.70 2
11.750 - 11.999%................................................. 318,000.00 1.01 2
12.000 - 12.249%................................................. 274,300.00 0.87 1
-------------- -------- -----
Total ...................................................... $31,381,313.49 100.00% 240
============== ======== =====
</TABLE>
S-45
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 2
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
MINIMUM MORTGAGE RATES FOR PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
SIX-MONTH LIBOR LOANS BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
-------------------------- -------------- ---------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
7.000 - 7.249%................................................. $ 844,447.25 0.96% 1
7.250 - 7.499%................................................. 860,491.50 0.98 8
7.500 - 7.749%................................................. 1,096,968.19 1.25 11
7.750 - 7.999%................................................. 2,120,439.33 2.42 16
8.000 - 8.249%................................................. 878,770.00 1.00 9
8.250 - 8.499%................................................. 2,948,446.44 3.36 22
8.500 - 8.749%................................................. 3,795,548.48 4.32 38
8.750 - 8.999%................................................. 5,675,374.92 6.46 54
9.000 - 9.249%................................................. 7,070,384.20 8.05 59
9.250 - 9.499%................................................. 5,987,235.68 6.82 51
9.500 - 9.749%................................................. 11,575,531.84 13.19 102
9.750 - 9.999%................................................. 8,342,977.11 9.50 68
10.000 - 10.249%................................................. 8,301,619.71 9.46 66
10.250 - 10.499%................................................. 8,269,563.87 9.42 62
10.500 - 10.749%................................................. 5,366,966.70 6.11 48
10.750 - 10.999%................................................. 1,858,903.16 2.12 19
11.000 - 11.249%................................................. 1,605,738.72 1.83 17
11.250 - 11.499%................................................. 3,706,968.41 4.22 34
11.500 - 11.749%................................................. 3,077,005.61 3.51 30
11.750 - 11.999%................................................. 1,835,247.50 2.09 19
12.000 - 12.249%................................................. 1,298,022.26 1.48 15
12.250 - 12.499%................................................. 447,692.51 0.51 5
12.500 - 12.749%................................................. 549,885.30 0.63 5
12.750 - 12.999%................................................. 237,550.00 0.27 2
13.250 - 13.499%................................................. 31,750.00 0.04 1
-------------- -------- -----
Totals........................................................ $87,783,528.69 100.00% 762
============== ======== =====
</TABLE>
S-46
<PAGE>
The following table sets forth the distribution of the Sub-Pool 2
Initial Mortgage Loans by Underwriting Class as of the Cut-off Date:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 2
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
UNDERWRITING CLASS BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
------------------ --------------- ----------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
AA....................................................................... $ 7,384,781.04 6.20% 62
A........................................................................ 22,228,078.66 18.65 185
ANIV..................................................................... 25,588,159.05 21.47 176
I........................................................................ 23,911,833.52 20.07 202
II....................................................................... 9,051,509.53 7.60 86
III...................................................................... 10,774,228.29 9.04 89
SE....................................................................... 5,639,071.40 4.73 43
IV....................................................................... 12,649,351.58 10.61 133
V........................................................................ 1,937,829.11 1.63 26
--------------- -------- ----
Totals........................................................ $119,164,842.18 100.00% 1,002
=============== ======== =====
</TABLE>
The following table sets forth the Number of Months Since Origination
of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 2
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
NUMBER OF MONTHS SINCE ORIGINATION BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
---------------------------------- --------------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
0.......................................................... $ 25,831,563.00 21.68% 223
0.01 - 1.......................................................... 40,995,280.62 34.40 336
1.01 - 2.......................................................... 18,710,166.70 15.70 160
2.01 - 12.......................................................... 11,399,753.20 9.57 98
12.01 - 24.......................................................... 152,552.84 0.13 1
24.01 - 36.......................................................... 834,176.68 0.70 8
36.01 - 48.......................................................... 11,729,757.80 9.84 97
48.01 - 60.......................................................... 8,159,176.83 6.85 69
60.01 - 72.......................................................... 819,432.32 0.69 4
72.01 - 84.......................................................... 173,875.31 0.14 2
84.01 - 96.......................................................... 78,822.30 0.06 1
132.01 - 144.......................................................... 199,202.70 0.17 2
144.01 - 156.......................................................... 81,081.88 0.07 1
--------------- -------- ------
Totals......................................................... $119,164,842.18 100.00% 1,002
=============== ======== ======
</TABLE>
The following table sets forth the Property Types of the Sub-Pool 2
Initial Mortgage Loans:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 2
PERCENT BY NUMBER OF
PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL MORTGAGE
PROPERTY TYPES BALANCE BALANCE LOANS
-------------- --------------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Single Family (attached/detached)........................................ $ 96,406,314.19 80.90% 831
Condominium.............................................................. 4,029,965.05 3.38 42
Two-to-Four Family....................................................... 12,025,158.55 10.09 87
Planned Unit Development................................................. 5,675,364.22 4.76 27
Manufactured Homes....................................................... 601,302.99 0.51 12
Multifamily.............................................................. 426,737.18 0.36 3
--------------- ------- -------
Totals........................................................ $119,164,842.18 100.00% 1,002
=============== ======= =======
</TABLE>
S-47
<PAGE>
CONVEYANCE OF SUB-POOL 2 SUBSEQUENT MORTGAGE LOANS AND THE SUB-POOL 2
PRE-FUNDING ACCOUNT
Under the Pooling Agreement, following the initial issuance of the
Certificates, the Depositor has committed to sell, and the Trust Fund will be
obligated to purchase from the Depositor, on or before August 22, 1997, subject
to the availability thereof, additional conventional, adjustable-rate
residential Mortgage Loans (the "Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loans", together
with the Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Mortgage Loans, the "Subsequent Mortgage Loans")
secured by first liens on Single Family Properties or Multifamily Properties
which will be originated and underwritten or purchased and re-underwritten by
the Depositor. In each case the underwriting will be performed in accordance
with the criteria set forth herein under "The Depositor--Underwriting
Criteria--Sub-Pool 2". Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loans will be transferred
to the Trust Fund pursuant to Sub-Pool 2 Transfer Instruments (the "Sub-Pool 2
Transfer Instruments", together with the Sub-Pool 1 Transfer Instruments, the
"Subsequent Transfer Instruments") between the Depositor and the Trustee. In
connection with the purchase of Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loans on such
dates of transfer (the "Sub-Pool 2 Transfer Dates", together with the Sub-Pool 1
Transfer Dates, the "Subsequent Transfer Dates"), the Trust Fund will be
required to pay to the Depositor from amounts on deposit in the Sub-Pool 2
Pre-Funding Account a cash purchase price of 100% of the principal balance
thereof. The Depositor will designate the close of business on the day prior to
the Sub-Pool 2 Transfer Date as the cut-off date (the "Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent
Cut-off Date", together with the Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Cut-off Date, the
"Subsequent Cut-off Dates") with respect to the related Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent
Mortgage Loans purchased on such date and, as a result, the Trust Fund will not
be required to pay accrued interest with respect thereto. Therefore, the
aggregate principal balance of Sub-Pool 2 after the Closing Date will increase
by an amount equal to the aggregate principal balance of the Sub-Pool 2
Subsequent Mortgage Loans so purchased and the amount in the Sub-Pool 2
Pre-Funding Account will decrease accordingly.
The Trustee will establish a Pre-Funding Account (the "Sub-Pool 2
Pre-Funding Account", together with the Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funding Account, the
"Pre-Funding Accounts") into which it will deposit upon receipt from the
Depositor $52,861,851.87 (the "Original Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funded Amount", together
with the Original Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funded Amount, the "Original Pre-Funded
Amounts") to be used to purchase Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loans. The
Original Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funded Amount will be reduced during the Funding Period
by the amount thereof used to purchase Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loans in
accordance with the Pooling Agreement (on any date of determination, the
Original Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funded Amount as so reduced, the "Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funded
Amount", together with the Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funded Amount, the "Pre-Funded
Amounts"). During the period (the "Sub-Pool 2 Funding Period", together with the
Sub-Pool 1 Funding Period, the "Funding Periods") from the Closing Date until
the earlier of (i) the date on which the amount on deposit in the Sub-Pool 2
Pre-Funding Account is zero and (ii) August 22, 1997, the Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funded
Amount will be maintained in the Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funding Account.
Any conveyance of Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loans on a Sub-Pool
2 Subsequent Transfer Date is subject to certain conditions including, but not
limited to: (a) each such Subsequent Mortgage Loan must satisfy the
representations and warranties specified in the Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Transfer
Instrument and the Pooling Agreement; (b) the Depositor will not select such
Subsequent Mortgage Loans in a manner that it believes is adverse to the
interests of the Certificateholders; (c) the Depositor will deliver certain
opinions of counsel with respect to the validity of the conveyance of such
Subsequent Mortgage Loans; (d) as of the respective Subsequent Cut-off Date the
Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loans will satisfy the following criteria: (i)
such Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loan may not be 30 or more days
contractually delinquent as of the related Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Cut-off Date;
(ii) the original term to maturity of such Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loan
will not be less than 180 months and will not exceed 360 months; (iii) such
Subsequent Mortgage Loan may not provide for negative amortization; (iv) such
Subsequent Mortgage Loan will have a Gross Margin not less than 3%; (v) such
Subsequent Mortgage Loan will be underwritten in accordance with the criteria
set forth under "The Depositor--Underwriting Criteria--Sub-Pool 2" herein; (vi)
such Subsequent Mortgage Loan will have been serviced by the Servicer since
origination or purchase by the Depositor; (vii) such Subsequent Mortgage Loan
will not have a Loan-to-Value Ratio greater than 90%; and (viii) such Subsequent
Mortgage Loans will have (A) as of the end of the Sub-Pool 2 Funding Period, a
weighted average number of months since origination of not over 4 months and (B)
not over 20% by aggregate principal balance with a first payment date in October
1997. In addition, following the purchase of any
S-48
<PAGE>
Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loan by the Trust Fund, the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage
Loans (including the Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loans) as of the end of the
Sub-Pool 2 Funding Period will: (i) have a weighted average Gross Margin of at
least 5.25% and a weighted average coupon of at least 9.65%; (ii) have a
weighted average remaining term to stated maturity of not more than 356 months
and not less than 350 months; (iii) have a weighted average Loan-to-Value Ratio
of not more than 82%; (iv) have no Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loan with a principal
balance in excess of $850,000; (v) not have in excess of 10% by aggregate
principal balance of Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans secured by non-owner occupied
Mortgaged Properties; (vi) not have a concentration of Mortgaged Properties in a
single zip code in excess of 5% by aggregate principal balance of Sub-Pool 2
Mortgage Loans; (vii) not have in excess of 6% by aggregate principal balance of
Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans secured by Mortgaged Properties that are condominiums;
(viii) have at least 76% by aggregate principal balance of Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage
Loans secured by fee simple interests in attached or detached Single Family
Properties (including units in planned unit developments); (ix) not have in
excess of 10% by aggregate principal balance of the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans
secured by Multifamily Properties; (x) not be secured by Mixed Use Properties;
and (xi) not have in excess of 5% by aggregate principal balance of the Sub-Pool
2 Mortgage Loans secured by Manufactured Homes. In the sole discretion of the
Certificate Insurer, Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loans with characteristics
varying from those set forth in this paragraph may be purchased by the Trust
Fund; provided, however, that the addition of such Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans
will not materially affect the aggregate characteristics of Sub-Pool 2.
CERTAIN YIELD AND PREPAYMENT CONSIDERATIONS
DELAY IN DISTRIBUTIONS
The effective yield to the Class 1A Certificateholders will be
slightly lower than the yield otherwise produced by the related Class 1A
Pass-Through Rate because the distribution of such interest will not be made
until the 25th day (or, if such day is not a Business Day, on the first Business
Day thereafter) of the month following the month in which interest accrues on
the Mortgage Loans (without any additional distribution of interest or earnings
thereon in respect of such delay). A "Business Day" is any day other than
Saturday or Sunday, or a day on which banking institutions in the States of New
York, Illinois or New Jersey are authorized or obligated by law or executive
order to be closed. See "Description of the Certificates" herein.
PREPAYMENT CONSIDERATIONS AND RISKS
Substantially all of the Mortgage Loans may be prepaid by the
Mortgagors at any time without a prepayment penalty. Any prepayment charges
collected shall be retained by the Servicer.
Interest shortfalls on the Mortgage Loans due to principal
prepayments ("Principal Prepayments") and curtailments ("Curtailments") will be
covered to the extent described herein and in the Prospectus by payments of
Compensating Interest by the Servicer and any shortfalls not covered by such
payments that would otherwise be borne by the Class A Certificates will be
covered by distributions of Excess Spread from the related Sub-Pool, Net Excess
Spread and Excess Principal from the other Sub-Pool (prior to the related
Cross-Over Date), any amounts withdrawn from the related Reserve Account and
payments pursuant to the Certificate Insurance Policy, subject to the
limitations described herein. Because in the absence of such shortfalls the
Excess Spread will be, prior to the related Cross-Over Date, used to accelerate
payments of principal on the related Class A Certificates, and in certain
circumstances, the Class A Certificates with respect to the other Sub-Pool,
application of Excess Spread to cover any interest shortfalls will reduce
accelerated payments of principal to the Class A Certificates.
To the extent that the Original Pre-Funded Amount with respect to a
Sub-Pool has not been fully applied to the purchase of related Subsequent
Mortgage Loans by the Trust Fund by the end of the related Funding Period, the
Holders of the related Class A Certificates will receive, pro rata, a prepayment
of principal in an amount equal to (a) the lesser of (i) the Pre-Funded Amount
remaining in the related Pre-Funding Account on the first Remittance Date
following the termination of the Funding Period and (ii) the related outstanding
Class A Principal Balance. Although no assurance can be given, it is anticipated
by the Depositor that the principal amount of Subsequent Mortgage Loans sold to
the Trust Fund will require the application of substantially all of the Original
Pre-Funded Amounts and that there should be no material amount of principal
prepaid to the related Class A Certificateholders from the related Pre-Funding
Account. However, it is unlikely that the Depositor will be able to deliver
Subsequent
S-49
<PAGE>
Mortgage Loans with an aggregate principal balance identical to the related
Original Pre-Funded Amounts, with the result that some prepayment of the related
Class A Certificates will occur on the August 25, 1997 Remittance Date.
In addition, the yield to maturity of the Class A Certificates will
depend on whether, to what extent, and the timing with respect to which, Excess
Spread, Available Transfer Cashflow and Net Excess Principal is used to
accelerate payments of principal on such Class A Certificates. With respect to
any Sub-Pool, on any Remittance Date on which the Overcollateralization Amount
equals the Required Overcollateralization Amount, Excess Spread, Available
Transfer Cashflow and Net Excess Principal will not be applied to accelerate
payments of principal on such Class A Certificates. In addition, on any such
date, distributions in respect of principal to the related Class A Certificates
may only equal that amount necessary to maintain the Required
Overcollateralization Amount with respect to a Sub-Pool, which amount may be
zero, therefore reducing the rate of principal payments allocated to the related
Class A Certificates.
Greater than anticipated prepayments of principal will increase the
yield on Class A Certificates purchased at a price less than par. Greater than
anticipated prepayments of principal will decrease the yield on Class A
Certificates purchased at a price greater than par. The effect on an investor's
yield due to principal prepayments on the Mortgage Loans occurring at a rate
that is faster (or slower) than the rate anticipated by the investor in the
period immediately following the issuance of the Class A Certificates will not
be entirely offset by a subsequent like reduction (or increase) in the rate of
principal payments. The weighted average life of the Class A Certificates will
also be affected by the amount and timing of delinquencies and defaults on the
Mortgage Loans and the recoveries, if any, on defaulted Mortgage Loans and
foreclosed properties.
The rate of principal payments on the Class A Certificates, the
aggregate amount of distributions on the Class A Certificates and the yield to
maturity of the Class A Certificates is directly related to the rate of payments
of principal on the Mortgage Loans in the related Sub-Pool, which may be in the
form of scheduled and unscheduled payments. In particular, a reduction in the
rate of principal payments will occur when interest only vouchers are used to
defer principal payments and interest only payments are made under the Periodic
Payment Loans. In general, when the level of prevailing interest rates for
similar loans significantly declines, the rate of prepayment is likely to
increase, although the prepayment rate is influenced by a number of other
factors, including general economic conditions and homeowner mobility. The rate
of principal payments will in turn be affected by the amortization schedules
(which will change periodically to accommodate adjustments to the Mortgage Rates
on Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans) and by the rate of Principal Prepayments and
Curtailments on the related Mortgage Loans (including, for this purpose,
prepayments resulting from (i) refinancings, (ii) liquidations due to defaults,
casualties and condemnations and (iii) repurchases by the Depositor or the
Servicer). The rate of default on second mortgage loans may be greater than that
of mortgage loans secured by first liens on comparable properties. Prepayments,
liquidations and purchases of the Mortgage Loans will result in distributions to
related Class A Certificateholders of amounts of principal which would otherwise
be distributed over the remaining terms of the related Mortgage Loans. The
Mortgage Loans may be prepaid by the Mortgagors at any time without a prepayment
penalty and the Mortgagor is required to pay interest only to the date of
prepayment.
OPTIONAL PURCHASE OF DEFAULTED MORTGAGE LOANS
Although the Servicer has no obligation to do so, the Servicer may
purchase from the Trust Fund a Mortgage Loan which is delinquent in payment 90
days or more. The purchase price for such Mortgage Loan will be equal to 100% of
the Principal Balance thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon.
In addition, the Servicer may, at its option, with written notice to
the Certificateholders and the Trustee, purchase from the Trust Fund all of the
outstanding Mortgage Loans and REO Properties, and thus effect the early
retirement of the related Class A Certificates, on any Remittance Date on which
the outstanding aggregate principal balance of the Mortgage Loans is less
than or equal to 5% of the sum of the Original Pool Principal Balance and the
Original Pre-Funded Amounts. See "Pooling Agreement--Termination; Purchase
of Mortgage Loans" herein and "Description of the Certificates--Termination" in
the Prospectus.
S-50
<PAGE>
CLASS 1A CERTIFICATES
PREPAYMENT CONSIDERATIONS
The Class 1A-1 Pass-Through Rate for each Remittance Date will be
equal to the least of (i) One-Month LIBOR plus 0.12% per annum, (ii) the
weighted average of the Mortgage Rates of the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans minus,
with respect to Sub-Pool 1, the sum of (a) the Servicing Fee Rate, (b) the rate
at which the monthly premium payable to the Certificate Insurer is calculated
and (c) the rate at which the Annual Trustee Expense Amount is calculated and
(iii) 10.50% per annum (the "Class 1A-1 Cap Rate"); provided, however, that on
any Remittance Date on which the Servicer does not exercise its option to
purchase the Mortgage Loans and REO Properties as described under "Pooling
Agreement--Termination; Purchase of the Mortgage Loans" herein, the rate
provided in clause (i) will be One-Month LIBOR plus 0.52% per annum.
Disproportionate principal payments (whether resulting from Principal
Prepayments or Curtailments) on Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans having Mortgage Rates
higher or lower than the then current Class 1A-1 Pass-Through Rate may also
affect the yield on the Class 1A-1 Certificates. The yield to maturity of the
Class 1A-1 Certificates may be lower than that otherwise produced if
disproportionate principal payments (including Principal Prepayments) are made
on Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans having Mortgage Rates that exceed the Class 1A-1
Pass-Through Rate.
EFFECT OF MORTGAGE LOAN YIELD ON CLASS 1A-1 PASS-THROUGH RATE
The Class 1A-1 Pass-Through Rate is based upon, among other factors
as described above, the value of an index ("One-Month LIBOR") which is different
from the fixed rates applicable to the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans, as described
under "The Mortgage Pool-Sub-Pool 1" herein. See "Description of the
Certificates Calculation of One-Month LIBOR" herein. Each Mortgage Loan bears a
fixed rate whereas the Class 1A-1 Pass-Through Rate with respect to Class 1A-1
Certificates adjusts monthly and may be based upon One-Month LIBOR. Because the
Mortgage Rates on the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans are fixed, such rates will not
change in response to changes in market interest rates. Accordingly, if mortgage
market interest rates or market yields for securities similar to the Class 1A-1
Certificates were to rise, the market value of the Class 1A-1 Certificates may
decline in cases where the Class 1A-1 Pass-Through Rate did not increase
accordingly. One-Month LIBOR may respond to economic and market factors, while
the Mortgage Rate on the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans will be fixed. One-Month
LIBOR may increase to a level at which the amount of interest collected on all
the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans during the related Accrual Period may be
insufficient to pay interest on the Class 1A-1 Certificates at the Class 1A-1
Pass-Through Rate calculated using One-Month LIBOR. The Class 1A-1 Certificates
do not contain any "carry-forward" or "catch-up" feature if the amount of
interest paid is so limited.
PREPAYMENT MODEL
Prepayments on mortgage loans are commonly measured relative to a
prepayment standard or model. The model used in this Prospectus Supplement with
respect to Sub-Pool 1 is based on a constant annual rate of prepayment relative
to the then outstanding principal balance of the related Mortgage Loans applied
monthly during the period indicated of the life of the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loan.
The prepayment model does not purport to be either a historical description of
the prepayment experience of any pool of mortgage loans or a prediction of the
anticipated rate of prepayment of any pool of mortgage loans, including the
Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans. The Depositor does not make any representation about
the appropriateness of any prepayment model.
The percentages and weighted average lives in the second through
seventh following tables were determined assuming that (i) scheduled interest
and principal payments (including balloon payments) on the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage
Loans are received in a timely manner and prepayments of Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage
Loans in full are made at the indicated scenario level (each, a "Prepayment
Model") set forth in the tables; (ii) the Servicer exercises its right of
optional termination described above; (iii) distributions are made on the 25th
day of each calendar month regardless of the day on which the Remittance Date
actually occurs, commencing in July 1997; (iv) the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans
have been aggregated into five hypothetical Initial Mortgage Loans and four
hypothetical Subsequent Mortgage Loans with the characteristics set forth in the
first following table; (v) no losses on the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans have
occurred; (vi) the sum of the Servicing Fee and fees payable out of the Trust
Fund to the Trustee and the Certificate Insurer, respectively, equals
approximately 0.81% per annum of the scheduled
S-51
<PAGE>
principal balance of the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans for each Remittance Date;
(vii) no interest shortfalls will arise in connection with prepayment in full of
the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans; (viii) the initial Class 1A-1 Pass-Through Rate
is equal to 5.8075% per annum, the Class 1A-2 Pass-Through Rate is equal to
6.67% per annum, the Class 1A-3 Pass-Through Rate is equal to 6.76% per annum,
the Class 1A-4 Pass-Through Rate is equal to 7.04% per annum, the Class 1A-5
Pass-Through Rate is equal to 6.97% per annum, the initial Class 1A-1 Principal
Balance is equal to $49,800,000, the initial Class 1A-2 Principal Balance is
equal to $14,500,000, the initial Class 1A-3 Principal Balance is equal to
$24,200,000, the initial Class 1A-4 Principal Balance is equal to $13,000,000,
the initial Class 1A-5 Principal Balance is equal to $32,946,000, (ix) the Class
A Principal Remittance Amount with respect to each of the Class 1A Certificates
on each Remittance Date occurring prior to the Step-Down Date is equal to
principal received plus the related Unrecovered Class A Portion for such
Remittance Date and on each Remittance Date occurring on or after the Step-Down
Date is equal to that amount required to reach or maintain the Required
Overcollateralization Amount; (x) the related Excess Spread is applied in an
amount required to reach or maintain the Required Overcollateralization Amount
to reduce the principal balance of the Class 1A Certificates on each Remittance
Date that is prior to the Cross-Over Date to the extent that the amount of such
current application plus such amounts applied on all prior Remittance Dates does
not exceed $16,890,542; (xi) each Remittance Date is deemed to occur before the
Cross-Over Date; (xii) the Class 1A Certificates are purchased on June 25, 1997;
(xiii) no Available Funds Shortfall with respect to Sub-Pool 1 exists and
Available Transfer Cashflow and Net Excess Principal is applied to reach or
maintain the Required Overcollateralization Amount as described in the Pooling
Agreement; and (xiv) the Required Overcollateralization Amount for Sub-Pool 1 is
the Overcollateralization Amount required by the Certificate Insurer at any time
as set forth in the Insurance Agreement with respect to Sub-Pool 1 among the
Depositor, the Servicer, the Certificate Insurer and the Trustee. The third
through eighth following tables assume that there are no delinquencies on the
Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans and that the Sub-Pool 1 Interest Coverage Account has
sufficient funds on deposit to cover shortfalls in interest of the Class 1A
Certificates during the Funding Period attributable to the pre-funding feature.
The "Step-Down Date" will be the Remittance Date following the later to occur of
(i) the thirtieth Remittance Date and (ii) the date on which the then
outstanding Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance is equal to 50% of the sum of the
Original Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funded Amount and the Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal
Balance.
In addition to the assumptions listed in the preceding paragraph, the
third through eighth following tables have been prepared assuming that (i) the
first through fifth hypothetical Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans set forth in the
first following table comprise the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, (ii) the
sixth through ninth hypothetical Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans set forth in the
first following table comprise the Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Mortgage Loans and
(iii) the Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Mortgage Loans are purchased by August 22, 1997,
resulting in no mandatory prepayment of the Class 1A Certificates on August 25,
1997.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 1
HYPOTHETICAL MORTGAGE LOANS
REMAINING
ORIGINAL REMAINING MONTHS TO
MORTGAGE AMORTIZATION AMORTIZATION BALLOON
INTEREST TERM TERM PAYMENT
PRINCIPAL BALANCE RATE (IN MONTHS) (IN MONTHS) (IN MONTHS)
----------------- -------- ------------ ------------ -----------
Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans:
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$ 5,206,133.05............................. 11.604% 148 107 N/A
$22,555,314.15............................. 11.530% 180 176 N/A
$13,961,764.99............................. 11.630% 242 238 N/A
$21,337,495.21............................. 9.955% 360 332 N/A
$31,668,541.91............................. 12.062% 363 359 179
Subsequent Mortgage Loans (first subsequent
transfer balance as of July 1, 1997):
$ 7,866,189.38............................. 12.062% 360 360 180
$12,602,687.48............................. 11.025% 252 252 N/A
S-52
<PAGE>
Subsequent Mortgage Loans (second subsequent transfer balance as of August 1,
1997):
$ 7,866,189.38............................. 12.062% 360 360 180
$12,602,687.48............................. 11.025% 252 252 N/A
</TABLE>
Since the following tables were prepared on the basis of the assumptions
in the preceding paragraphs, there are discrepancies between the characteristics
of the actual Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans and the characteristics of the mortgage
loans assumed in preparing such tables. Any such discrepancy may have an effect
upon the percentages of the Principal Balance outstanding of each Class of the
Class 1A Certificates and the weighted average life of the Class 1A Certificates
set forth in the tables. In addition, since the actual Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans
and the Trust Fund have characteristics which differ from those assumed in
preparing the tables set forth below, the distributions of principal on the
Class 1A Certificates may be made earlier or later than as indicated in the
tables.
It is not likely that the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans will prepay to
maturity at any of the Prepayment Models specified in the tables below or that
all Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans will prepay at the same rate. In addition, the
diverse remaining terms to maturity of the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans (which
include recently originated Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans) could produce slower or
faster distributions of principal than are indicated in the following tables at
the Prepayment Model specified even if the weighted average of the remaining
terms to maturity of the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans equals those assumed.
Investors are urged to make their investment decisions on a basis that
includes their determination as to anticipated prepayment rates under a variety
of the assumptions discussed herein.
The model used in this Prospectus Supplement with respect to the Class 1A
Certificates is the prepayment assumption (the "Prepayment Assumption") which
represents the assumed rate of prepayment each month relative to the then
outstanding principal balance of a pool of mortgage loans for the life of such
mortgage loans. With respect to the Class 1A Certificates, a 100% Prepayment
Assumption assumes a constant prepayment rate of 2% per annum of the then
outstanding principal balance of such Mortgage Loans in the first month of the
life of the Mortgage Loans and an additional 1.2% per annum in each month
thereafter until the twenty-first month. Beginning in the twenty-first month and
in each month thereafter during the life of the Mortgage Loans, a 100%
Prepayment Assumption assumes a constant prepayment rate of 26% per annum. As
used in the table entitled "Prepayment Scenarios", 0% Prepayment Assumption
assumes prepayment rates equal to 0% of the Prepayment Assumption i.e., no
prepayments. Correspondingly, 100% Prepayment Assumption assumes prepayment
rates equal to 100% of the Prepayment Assumption and so forth. In comparison,
the model used in this Prospectus Supplement with respect to Sub-Pool 2 (a
"Prepayment Model") is based on a Constant Prepayment Rate more fully defined
herein under the caption "Certain Yield and Prepayment Considerations--Class 2A
Certificates--Prepayment Model". A "Constant Prepayment Rate" or "CPR"
represents a constant annual rate of payment relative to the then outstanding
principal balance of the related Mortgage Loans applied monthly during the
indicated portion of the life of the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loan.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PREPAYMENT SCENARIOS
Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Sub-Pool 1(1) 0% 50% 100% 150% 200%
Sub-Pool 2(2) 0% 20% 26% 32% 38%
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) As a percentage of the Prepayment Assumption.
(2) As a conditional prepayment rate (CPR).
Based on the foregoing assumptions, the following tables indicate the
projected weighted average life of each Class of the Class 1A Certificates.
S-53
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERCENTAGE OF THE ORIGINAL PRINCIPAL BALANCE OF THE CLASS 1A-1
CERTIFICATES OUTSTANDING AT THE RESPECTIVE
PREPAYMENT MODELS SET FORTH BELOW
REMITTANCE DATE Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5
--------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Initial Percentage............................ 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
June 25, 1998................................. 83 65 46 27 8
June 25, 1999................................. 79 31 0 0 0
June 25, 2000................................. 75 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2001................................. 70 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2002................................. 65 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2003................................. 60 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2004................................. 55 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2005................................. 53 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2006................................. 51 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2007................................. 49 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2008................................. 45 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2009................................. 41 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2010................................. 35 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2011................................. 28 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2012................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2013................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2014................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2015................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2016................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2017................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2018................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2019................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2020................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2021................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2022................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2023................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2024................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2025................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2026................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2027................................. 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average Life (1)(2) years........ 8.52 1.52 0.99 0.76 0.63
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) The weighted average life of a Class 1A-1 Certificate is determined by (i)
multiplying the amount of cash distributions in reduction of the principal
balance of such Certificate by the number of years from the date of
issuance of such Class 1A-1 Certificate to the stated Remittance Date, (ii)
adding the results, and (iii) dividing the sum by the initial principal
balance of such Class 1A-1 Certificate.
(2) Assumes Servicer exercises its right of optional termination at the
earliest permissible date.
S-54
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERCENTAGE OF THE ORIGINAL PRINCIPAL BALANCE OF THE CLASS 1A-2
CERTIFICATES OUTSTANDING AT THE RESPECTIVE
PREPAYMENT MODELS SET FORTH BELOW
REMITTANCE DATE Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5
--------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Initial Percentage.............................. 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
June 25, 1998................................... 100 100 100 100 100
June 25, 1999................................... 100 100 59 0 0
June 25, 2000................................... 100 100 0 0 0
June 25, 2001................................... 100 23 0 0 0
June 25, 2002................................... 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2003................................... 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2004................................... 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2005................................... 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2006................................... 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2007................................... 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2008................................... 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2009................................... 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2010................................... 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2011................................... 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2012................................... 50 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2013................................... 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2014................................... 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2015................................... 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2016................................... 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2017................................... 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2018................................... 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2019................................... 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2020................................... 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2021................................... 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2022................................... 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2023................................... 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2024................................... 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2025................................... 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2026................................... 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2027................................... 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average Life (1)(2) years.......... 15.01 3.68 2.09 1.56 1.27
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) The weighted average life of a Class 1A-2 Certificate is determined by (i)
multiplying the amount of cash distributions in reduction of the principal
balance of such Certificate by the number of years from the date of
issuance of such Class 1A-2 Certificate to the stated Remittance Date, (ii)
adding the results, and (iii) dividing the sum by the initial principal
balance of such Class 1A-2 Certificate.
(2) Assumes Servicer exercises its right of optional termination at the
earliest permissible date.
S-55
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERCENTAGE OF THE ORIGINAL PRINCIPAL BALANCE OF THE CLASS 1A-3
CERTIFICATES OUTSTANDING AT THE RESPECTIVE
PREPAYMENT MODELS SET FORTH BELOW
REMITTANCE DATE Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5
--------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Initial Percentage............................ 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
June 25, 1998................................. 100 100 100 100 100
June 25, 1999................................. 100 100 100 55 0
June 25, 2000................................. 100 100 40 0 0
June 25, 2001................................. 100 100 0 0 0
June 25, 2002................................. 100 75 0 0 0
June 25, 2003................................. 100 52 0 0 0
June 25, 2004................................. 100 36 0 0 0
June 25, 2005................................. 100 36 0 0 0
June 25, 2006................................. 100 35 0 0 0
June 25, 2007................................. 100 30 0 0 0
June 25, 2008................................. 100 21 0 0 0
June 25, 2009................................. 100 11 0 0 0
June 25, 2010................................. 100 1 0 0 0
June 25, 2011................................. 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2012................................. 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2013................................. 68 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2014................................. 54 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2015................................. 38 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2016................................. 21 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2017................................. 3 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2018................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2019................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2020................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2021................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2022................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2023................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2024................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2025................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2026................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2027................................. 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average Life (1)(2) years........ 17.30 7.55 2.99 2.09 1.67
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) The weighted average life of a Class 1A-3 Certificate is determined by (i)
multiplying the amount of cash distributions in reduction of the principal
balance of such Certificate by the number of years from the date of
issuance of such Class 1A-3 Certificate to the stated Remittance Date, (ii)
adding the results, and (iii) dividing the sum by the initial principal
balance of such Class 1A-3 Certificate.
(2) Assumes Servicer exercises its right of optional termination at the
earliest permissible date.
S-56
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERCENTAGE OF THE ORIGINAL PRINCIPAL BALANCE OF THE CLASS 1A-4
CERTIFICATES OUTSTANDING AT THE RESPECTIVE
PREPAYMENT MODELS SET FORTH BELOW
REMITTANCE DATE Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5
--------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Initial Percentage............................. 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
June 25, 1998.................................. 100 100 100 100 100
June 25, 1999.................................. 100 100 100 100 70
June 25, 2000.................................. 100 100 100 20 0
June 25, 2001.................................. 100 100 91 0 0
June 25, 2002.................................. 100 100 35 0 0
June 25, 2003.................................. 100 100 16 0 0
June 25, 2004.................................. 100 100 11 0 0
June 25, 2005.................................. 100 100 11 0 0
June 25, 2006.................................. 100 100 11 0 0
June 25, 2007.................................. 100 100 0 0 0
June 25, 2008.................................. 100 100 0 0 0
June 25, 2009.................................. 100 100 0 0 0
June 25, 2010.................................. 100 100 0 0 0
June 25, 2011.................................. 100 84 0 0 0
June 25, 2012.................................. 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2013.................................. 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2014.................................. 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2015.................................. 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2016.................................. 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2017.................................. 100 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2018.................................. 78 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2019.................................. 67 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2020.................................. 58 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2021.................................. 47 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2022.................................. 36 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2023.................................. 23 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2024.................................. 7 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2025.................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2026.................................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2027.................................. 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average Life (1)(2) years......... 23.69 14.64 5.33 2.86 2.12
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) The weighted average life of a Class 1A-4 Certificate is determined by (i)
multiplying the amount of cash distributions in reduction of the principal
balance of such Certificate by the number of years from the date of
issuance of such Class 1A-4 Certificate to the stated Remittance Date, (ii)
adding the results, and (iii) dividing the sum by the initial principal
balance of such Class 1A-4 Certificate.
(2) Assumes Servicer exercises its right of optional termination at the
earliest permissible date.
S-57
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERCENTAGE OF THE ORIGINAL PRINCIPAL BALANCE OF THE CLASS 1A-5
CERTIFICATES OUTSTANDING AT THE RESPECTIVE
PREPAYMENT MODELS SET FORTH BELOW
REMITTANCE DATE Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5
--------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Initial Percentage......................... 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
June 25, 1998.............................. 100 100 100 100 100
June 25, 1999.............................. 100 100 100 100 100
June 25, 2000.............................. 100 100 100 100 63
June 25, 2001.............................. 99 92 87 65 30
June 25, 2002.............................. 98 85 75 39 14
June 25, 2003.............................. 96 75 58 23 0
June 25, 2004.............................. 93 63 42 14 0
June 25, 2005.............................. 83 43 28 0 0
June 25, 2006.............................. 73 25 19 0 0
June 25, 2007.............................. 65 15 0 0 0
June 25, 2008.............................. 56 8 0 0 0
June 25, 2009.............................. 47 5 0 0 0
June 25, 2010.............................. 39 3 0 0 0
June 25, 2011.............................. 30 1 0 0 0
June 25, 2012.............................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2013.............................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2014.............................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2015.............................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2016.............................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2017.............................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2018.............................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2019.............................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2020.............................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2021.............................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2022.............................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2023.............................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2024.............................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2025.............................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2026.............................. 0 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2027.............................. 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average Life (1)(2) years..... 11.40 7.68 6.63 4.88 3.62
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) The weighted average life of a Class 1A-5 Certificate is determined by (i)
multiplying the amount of cash distributions in reduction of the principal
balance of such Certificate by the number of years from the date of
issuance of such Class 1A-5 Certificate to the stated Remittance Date, (ii)
adding the results, and (iii) dividing the sum by the initial principal
balance of such Class 1A-5 Certificate.
(2) Assumes Servicer exercises its right of optional termination at the
earliest permissible date.
S-58
<PAGE>
As with fixed-rate obligations generally, the rate of prepayment on a
pool of mortgage loans is affected by prevailing market rates for mortgage loans
of a comparable term and risk level. When the market interest rate is below the
mortgage coupon, mortgagors may have an increased incentive to refinance their
mortgage loans. Depending on prevailing market rates, the future outlook for
market rates and economic conditions generally, some mortgagors may sell or
refinance mortgaged properties in order to realize their equity in the mortgaged
properties, to meet cash flow needs or to make other investments. The Depositor
makes no representation as to the particular factors that will affect the
prepayment of the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans, as to the relative importance of
such factors, as to the percentage of the principal balance of the Sub-Pool 1
Mortgage Loans that will be paid as of any date or as to the overall rate of
prepayment on the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans.
CLASS 2A CERTIFICATES
PREPAYMENT CONSIDERATIONS
The Class 2A Pass-Through Rate for each Remittance Date will be equal
to the lesser of (i) One-Month LIBOR plus 0.24% per annum and (ii) the weighted
average of the Mortgage Rates of the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans minus, with
respect to Sub-Pool 2, the sum of (a) the Servicing Fee Rate, (b) the rate at
which the monthly premium payable to the Certificate Insurer is calculated, (c)
the rate at which the Annual Trustee Expense Amount is calculated and (d) 0.50%
per annum; provided, that on any Remittance Date on which the Servicer does not
exercise its option to purchase the Mortgage Loans and REO Properties as
described under "Pooling AgreementTermination; Purchase of the Mortgage Loans"
herein, the rate provided in clause (i) will be One-Month LIBOR plus 0.64% per
annum. Disproportionate principal payments (whether resulting from Principal
Prepayments or Curtailments) on Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans having Mortgage Rates
higher or lower than the then current Class 2A Pass-Through Rate may also affect
the yield on the Class 2A Certificates. The yield to maturity of the Class 2A
Certificates will be lower than that otherwise produced if disproportionate
principal payments (including Principal Prepayments) are made on Sub-Pool 2
Mortgage Loans having Mortgage Rates that exceed the Class 2A Pass-Through Rate.
EFFECT OF MORTGAGE LOAN YIELD ON CLASS 2A PASS-THROUGH RATE
The Class 2A Pass-Through Rate is based upon, among other factors as
described above, the value of an index ("One-Month LIBOR") which is different
from the value of the Indices applicable to the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans, as
described under "The Mortgage Pool-Sub-Pool 2" herein. See "Description of the
Certificates-Calculation of One-Month LIBOR" herein. Each Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage
Loan adjusts annually or semiannually based upon the related Index whereas the
Class 2A Pass-Through Rate on the Class 2A Certificates adjusts monthly and may
be based upon One-Month LIBOR. One-Month LIBOR and the Indices applicable to the
Mortgage Loans may respond differently to economic and market factors, and there
is not necessarily any correlation between them. In addition, the Mortgage Loans
are subject to Periodic Rate Caps, Maximum Mortgage Rates and Minimum Mortgage
Rates. Thus, it is possible, for example, that One-Month LIBOR may rise during
periods in which the Indices on the Mortgage Loans are stable or are falling or
that, even if both One-Month LIBOR and such Indices rise during the same period,
One-Month LIBOR may increase to a level at which the amount of interest
collected on all Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans during the related Accrual Period may
be insufficient to pay interest on the Class 2A Certificates at the Class 2A
Pass-Through Rate calculated using One-Month LIBOR. In such an event, the
resulting interest differential amount will be borne by the Class 2A
Certificates by operation of the Available Funds Cap Rate.
In addition, a number of factors affect the performance of One-Month
LIBOR and may cause One-Month LIBOR to move in a different manner from other
indices. To the extent that One-Month LIBOR may reflect changes in the general
level of interest rates less quickly than other indices, in a period of rising
interest rates, increases in the yield to Class 2A Certificateholders due to
such rising interest rates may occur later than that which would be produced by
other indices, and in a period of declining rates, One-Month LIBOR may remain
higher than other market interest rates.
All of the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans are adjustable-rate mortgage
loans ("ARMs"). As is the case with conventional fixed-rate mortgage loans, ARMs
may be subject to a greater rate of principal prepayments in a declining
interest rate environment. For example, if prevailing interest rates were to
fall significantly, ARMs could
S-59
<PAGE>
be subject to higher prepayment rates than if prevailing interest rates were to
remain constant because the availability of fixed-rate mortgage loans at
competitive interest rates may encourage mortgagors to refinance their ARMs to
"lock in" lower fixed interest rates. The rate of payments (including
prepayments) on pools of mortgage loans is influenced by a variety of economic,
geographic, social and other factors, including changes in mortgagors' housing
needs, job transfers, unemployment, mortgagors' net equity in the mortgaged
properties and servicing decisions. No assurances can be given as to the rate of
prepayments on the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans in stable or changing interest rate
environments and the Depositor makes no representations as to the particular
factors that will affect the prepayment of the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans.
PREPAYMENT MODEL
Prepayments on mortgage loans are commonly measured relative to a
prepayment standard or model. As described above, the Prepayment Model with
respect to Sub-Pool 2 is based on a CPR. The Prepayment Model does not purport
to be either a historical description of the prepayment experience of any pool
of mortgage loans or a prediction of the anticipated rate of prepayment of any
pool of mortgage loans, including the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans. The Depositor
does not make any representation about the appropriateness of any Prepayment
Model.
The percentages and weighted average lives in the third following
table were determined assuming that (i) scheduled interest and principal
payments on the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans are received in a timely manner and
prepayments of Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans in full are made at the indicated CPR
set forth in the table entitled "Prepayment Scenarios"; (ii) the Servicer
exercises its right of optional termination on the earliest permissible date as
described above; (iii) distributions are made on the 25th day of each calendar
month regardless of the day on which the Remittance Date actually occurs,
commencing in July, 1997; (iv) the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans have been
aggregated into fifteen hypothetical Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans and six
hypothetical Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loans with the characteristics set
forth in the first and second following tables; (v) no losses on the Sub-Pool 2
Mortgage Loans have occurred; (vi) the sum of the Servicing Fee and the fees
payable to the Trustee and the Certificate Insurer, respectively, equals
approximately 0.81% per annum of the scheduled principal balance of the Sub-Pool
2 Mortgage Loans for each Remittance Date; (vii) no interest shortfalls will
arise in connection with prepayment in full of the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans;
(viii) the initial Class 2A Pass-Through Rate is equal to 5.9275% per annum and
the initial Class 2A Principal Balance is equal to $167,554,000; (ix) the Class
A Principal Remittance Amount with respect to the Class 2A Certificates on each
Remittance Date occurring prior to the Sub-Pool 2 Step-Down Date is equal to
principal received plus the related Unrecovered Class A Portion for such
Remittance Date and on each Remittance Date occurring on or after the Sub-Pool 2
Step-Down Date is equal to that amount required to reach or maintain the
Required Overcollateralization Amount; (x) the Excess Spread is applied in an
amount required to reach or maintain the Required Overcollateralization Amount
to reduce the principal balance of the Class 2A Certificates on each Remittance
Date that is prior to the Cross-Over Date to the extent that the amount of such
current application plus such amounts applied on all prior Remittance Dates does
not exceed $17,804,763; (xi) each Remittance Date is deemed to occur before the
Cross-Over Date; (xii) the Class 2A Certificates are purchased on June 25, 1996
(xiii) the One-Year U.S. Treasury Index remains at a constant rate equal to
5.66% and the Six-Month LIBOR Index remains at a constant rate equal to 5.875%,
with respect to any Adjustment Date; and (xiv) no Available Funds Shortfall with
respect to Sub-Pool 2 exists and Available Transfer Cashflow and Net Excess
Principal is applied to reach or maintain the Required Overcollateralization
Amount as described in the Pooling Agreement. The third following table also
assumes that (i) there are no delinquencies on the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans;
(ii) the Sub-Pool 2 Interest Coverage Account has sufficient funds on deposit to
cover shortfalls in interest on the Class 2A Certificates during the Funding
Period attributable to the pre-funding feature; and (iii) the Required
Overcollateralization Amount for each Sub-Pool is the Overcollateralization
Amount required by the Certificate Insurer at any time as set forth in the
Insurance Agreement with respect to Sub-Pool 2 among the Depositor, the
Servicer, the Certificate Insurer and the Trustee.
The "Step-Down Date" will be the Remittance Date following the later
to occur of (i) the thirtieth Remittance Date and (ii) the date on which the
then outstanding Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance is equal to 50% of the sum of the
Sub-Pool 2 Original Pre-Funded Amount and the Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal
Balance.
S-60
<PAGE>
In addition to the assumptions listed in the preceding paragraph, the
third following table has been prepared assuming that (i) the first through
seventh hypothetical Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans set forth in the first following
table and the first through eighth hypothetical Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans set
forth in the second following table comprise the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage
Loans, (ii) the eighth and ninth hypothetical Mortgage Loans set forth in the
first following table and the ninth through twelfth hypothetical Sub-Pool 2
Mortgage Loans set forth in the second following table comprise the Sub-Pool 2
Subsequent Mortgage Loans and (iii) the Sub-Pool 2 Subsequent Mortgage Loans are
purchased by August 22, 1997, resulting in no mandatory prepayment of the Class
2A Certificates on August 25, 1997.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SUB-POOL 2
HYPOTHETICAL ONE-YEAR U.S. TREASURY LOANS
MONTHS ORIGINAL REMAINING
TO MORTGAGE MAXIMUM MINIMUM TERM TO TERM TO
RATE INTEREST GROSS INTEREST INTEREST MATURITY MATURITY
PRINCIPAL BALANCE CHANGE RATE MARGIN RATE RATE (IN MONTHS) (IN MONTHS)
----------------- ------ ---- ------ ---- ---- ----------- -----------
Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans:
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$ 1,857,173.50 1 8.344% 2.760% 12.558% 0.000% 355 305
$ 1,727,318.73 2 8.617% 3.399% 12.977% 1.948% 360 308
$ 2,304,079.47 3 9.055% 4.136% 13.714% 3.791% 360 329
$ 2,852,562.79 4 9.030% 4.530% 13.813% 4.374% 359 332
$ 5,889,402.76 5 9.388% 5.105% 14.761% 6.757% 358 341
$ 6,216,946.31 6 8.559% 3.678% 13.097% 3.108% 357 325
$10,533,829.93 9 8.451% 2.989% 12.681% 0.602% 359 313
Subsequent Mortgage Loans (first subsequent transfer balance as of July 1,
1997):
$ 2,495,079.40 6 9.896% 6.170% 15.837% 9.837% 360 360
Subsequent Mortgage Loans (second subsequent transfer balance as of August 1,
1997):
$ 2,495,079.40 6 9.896% 6.170% 15.837% 9.837% 360 360
</TABLE>
S-61
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
HYPOTHETICAL SIX-MONTH LIBOR LOANS
MONTHS ORIGINAL REMAINING
TO MORTGAGE MAXIMUM MINIMUM TERM TO TERM TO
RATE INTEREST GROSS INTEREST INTEREST MATURITY MATURITY
PRINCIPAL BALANCE CHANGE RATE MARGIN RATE RATE (IN MONTHS) (IN MONTHS)
----------------- ------ ---- ------ ---- ---- ----------- -----------
Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans:
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$ 549,699.44 1 10.585% 6.801% 16.585% 10.585% 360 355
$ 314,546.87 2 9.597% 6.896% 15.597% 9.597% 360 356
$ 1,262,465.48 3 9.961% 6.187% 15.792% 9.792% 360 356
$ 4,476,316.12 4 9.582% 6.025% 15.582% 9.582% 360 358
$11,325,282.31 5 10.065% 6.271% 16.014% 10.014% 360 359
$ 5,792,808.47 6 9.882% 6.318% 15.867% 9.867% 360 359
$ 394,800.57 18 10.254% 5.647% 16.254% 9.254% 360 354
$63,667,609.43 23 10.726% 6.137% 16.726% 9.730% 359 358
Subsequent Mortgage Loans (first subsequent
transfer balance as of July 1, 1997):
$ 6,533,724.90 6 9.944% 6.260% 15.907% 9.907% 360 360
$17,402,121.63 24 10.721% 6.130% 16.721% 9.721% 360 360
Subsequent Mortgage Loans (second subsequent
transfer balance as of August 1, 1997):
$ 6,533,724.90 6 9.944% 6.260% 15.907% 9.907% 360 360
$17,402,121.63 24 10.721% 6.130% 16.721% 9.721% 360 360
</TABLE>
Since the following table was prepared on the basis of the
assumptions in the preceding paragraphs, there are discrepancies between the
characteristics of the actual Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans and the characteristics
of the mortgage loans assumed in preparing such table. Any such discrepancy may
have an effect upon the percentages of the Class 2A Principal Balance
outstanding and the weighted average life of the Class 2A Certificates set forth
in the tables. In addition, since the actual Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans and the
Trust Fund have characteristics which differ from those assumed in preparing the
table set forth below, the distributions of principal on the Class 2A
Certificates may be made earlier or later than as indicated in the table.
It is not likely that the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans will
prepay to maturity at the Prepayment Model specified in the table below or that
all Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans will prepay at the same rate. In addition, the
diverse remaining terms to maturity of the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans (which
include recently originated Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans) could produce slower or
faster distributions of principal than are indicated in the table at the various
percentages of the Prepayment Model specified even if the weighted average of
the remaining terms to maturity of the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans equals those
assumed.
Investors are urged to make their investment decisions on a
basis that includes their determination as to anticipated prepayment rates under
a variety of the assumptions discussed herein.
The model used in this Prospectus Supplement with respect to
the Class 2A Certificates is based on a percentage of CPR as shown in the table
entitled "Prepayment Scenarios". See "Certain Yield and Prepayment
Considerations--Class 1A Certificates--Prepayment Model" above.
Based on the foregoing assumptions, the following table
indicates the projected weighted average life of the Class 2A Certificates.
S-62
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERCENTAGE OF THE ORIGINAL PRINCIPAL BALANCE OF THE CLASS 2A
CERTIFICATES OUTSTANDING AT THE RESPECTIVE
PREPAYMENT MODELS SET FORTH BELOW
REMITTANCE DATE Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5
--------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Initial Percentage............................ 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
June 25, 1998................................. 97 78 72 66 60
June 25, 1999................................. 97 61 52 43 35
June 25, 2000................................. 96 47 38 29 22
June 25, 2001................................. 96 38 28 20 14
June 25, 2002................................. 95 30 20 13 8
June 25, 2003................................. 94 24 15 9 0
June 25, 2004................................. 93 19 11 6 0
June 25, 2005................................. 92 15 8 0 0
June 25, 2006................................. 91 12 6 0 0
June 25, 2007................................. 90 9 0 0 0
June 25, 2008................................. 88 7 0 0 0
June 25, 2009................................. 87 6 0 0 0
June 25, 2010................................. 85 5 0 0 0
June 25, 2011................................. 83 3 0 0 0
June 25, 2012................................. 81 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2013................................. 78 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2014................................. 75 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2015................................. 72 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2016................................. 69 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2017................................. 65 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2018................................. 61 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2019................................. 56 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2020................................. 50 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2021................................. 44 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2022................................. 38 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2023................................. 31 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2024................................. 24 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2025................................. 16 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2026................................. 8 0 0 0 0
June 25, 2027................................. 0 0 0 0 0
Weighted Average Life (1)(2) years........ 21.03 4.06 3.01 2.35 1.90
</TABLE>
(1) The weighted average life of a Class 2A Certificate is determined by (i)
multiplying the amount of cash distributions in reduction of the principal
balance of such Certificate by the number of years from the date of
issuance of such Class 2A Certificate to the stated Remittance Date, (ii)
adding the results, and (iii) dividing the sum by the initial principal
balance of such Class 2A Certificate.
(2) Assumes Servicer exercises its right of optional termination at the
earliest permissible date.
The rate of prepayment on a pool of mortgage loans is affected by
prevailing market rates for mortgage loans of a comparable term and risk level.
When the market interest rate is below the mortgage coupon, mortgagors may have
an increased incentive to refinance their mortgage loans. Depending on
prevailing market rates, the future outlook for market rates and economic
conditions generally, some mortgagors may sell or refinance mortgaged properties
in order to realize their equity in the mortgaged properties, to meet cash flow
needs or to make other investments. The Depositor makes no representation as to
the particular factors that will affect the prepayment of the Sub-Pool 2
Mortgage Loans, as to the relative importance of such factors, as to the
percentage of the principal balance of the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans that will
be paid as of any date or as to the overall rate of prepayment on the Sub-Pool 2
Mortgage Loans.
S-63
<PAGE>
LIMITATION ON ADJUSTMENTS
Although each of the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans bears interest at an
adjustable Mortgage Rate, the adjustments of the Mortgage Rate for any Sub-Pool
2 Mortgage Loan will not exceed the Periodic Rate Cap and the Mortgage Rate will
in no event exceed the Maximum Mortgage Rate or be less than the Minimum
Mortgage Rate for such Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loan, regardless of the level of
interest rates generally or the rate otherwise produced by adding the related
Index and the Gross Margin. In addition, such adjustments will be subject to
rounding to the nearest 0.125%.
THE DEPOSITOR
For further information regarding the Depositor, see "The
Depositor" in the Prospectus.
LOAN ORIGINATION HISTORY
The Depositor originates mortgage loans on Single Family Properties,
Multifamily Properties, Mixed Use and Manufactured Home Properties nationwide
and purchases mortgage loans from lenders, mortgage bankers, and brokers on a
wholesale basis. The Depositor conducts loan origination and/or wholesale
operations in a number of jurisdictions, including Arizona, California,
Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Idaho,
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota,
Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon,
Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Utah, Virginia, Washington and
Wisconsin. The dollar amounts of first and second mortgage loans originated and
purchased by the Depositor, collectively, during the nine month period ended
March 31, 1997, and the twelve month periods ended June 30, 1996, 1995 and 1994
were approximately $741,897,000, $727,307,000, $470,938,000 and $452,156,000,
respectively.
UNDERWRITING CRITERIA
All of the Mortgage Loans were or will be originated or purchased by
the Depositor and are or will be serviced by the Servicer. All mortgage loan
applications are underwritten, and properties appraised, prior to origination
and/or purchase by the Depositor. All loans are reviewed and approved by a loan
officer of the Depositor, each of whom has specific credit limits based on
experience and seniority. However, only fourteen senior loan officers can
approve loan applications from $150,001-$250,000, only seven executive officers
of the Depositor can approve loan applications from $250,001-$325,000 and only
two senior executive officers of the Depositor can approve loan applications
from $325,001-$400,000. All loan applications over $400,000 require the approval
of two senior executive officers of the Depositor.
Borrower loan applications are reviewed through a combination of
reviews of credit bureau reports and/or individual certifications. Income is
determined through various means, including applicant interviews, written
verifications with employers and review of pay stubs and tax returns, and a
determination is made that the borrower has a sufficient level of disposable
income to satisfy debt repayment requirements.
Substantially all properties of the Depositor are appraised by
independent fee appraisers approved by the Depositor in advance of funding,
although in rare instances the appraisal may be performed by a licensed in-house
appraiser of the Depositor. In addition, as part of the Depositor's quality
control audit procedures, approximately one of every ten properties with respect
to a loan originated by the Depositor is then reappraised by a different
appraiser and approximately 10% of all loans originated or purchased are
reunderwritten. With respect to Manufactured Homes, standard FNMA Manufactured
Housing appraisal guidelines are used by both staff and independent fee
appraisers. Loans are closed through approved attorneys, title insurers or
agents of title insurers and escrow companies, and are insured by major title
companies. The Depositor makes loans primarily on suburban and urban single
family homes in major metropolitan areas. In addition, the Depositor makes loans
secured by investor properties which include a commercial unit. Loans secured by
multifamily properties and mixed residential and commercial structures are also
made where the loan proceeds may be used by the borrower for business purposes.
S-64
<PAGE>
SUB-POOL 1
Single Family Loans. Approximately 13.01% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial
Mortgage Loans by Sub-Pool 1 Original Principal Balance, were originated
substantially in accordance with the Federal National Mortgage Association
("FNMA") and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC") underwriting
guidelines for single family properties, in effect on the date the mortgage loan
was originated.
Approximately 81.84% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans, by
Sub-Pool 1 Original Principal Balance, were originated or purchased by the
Depositor pursuant to its Fixed-Rate Mortgage Program Underwriting Guidelines.
The Fixed-Rate Mortgage Program Underwriting Guidelines are primarily intended
to evaluate a borrower's credit standing and ability to repay a mortgage loan
and to assess the value of the related mortgaged property as collateral for such
mortgage loan.
The Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans are originated primarily for borrowers
who are refinancing existing debt, which may include mortgage loans. Therefore,
the related mortgage may be either a senior or junior lien. In general, the
borrowers, in connection with certain lower numbered and earlier alphabetically
designated underwriting classes, have a history of paying consumer and prior
mortgage debt predominantly in a timely manner or, instead, in connection with
certain higher numbered and later alphabetically designated underwriting
classes, may have payment histories that include up to three payments missed on
a prior mortgage obligation and/or, in some cases, major derogatory credit items
such as outstanding judgments or prior bankruptcies.
The Fixed-Rate Mortgage Program allows originations of mortgage loans
secured by primary residences or investment properties.
Several different underwriting classes are used to categorize
borrowers' creditworthiness. In addition to general Fixed-Rate Mortgage Program
Underwriting Guidelines, each class has guidelines relating to maximum permitted
combined loan-to-value ratio, maximum permitted debt-to-income ratio and
acceptable consumer credit and mortgage credit delinquencies and defaults.
Generally, higher numbered underwriting classes (as set forth in the table
below) permit a greater number of derogatory credit items than the lower
numbered underwriting classes.
Each underwriting class has guidelines and standards for the type of
income, employment and asset verification performed prior to closing the loan.
In general, the Fixed-Rate Mortgage Program does not require verification of the
source of the borrower's assets to close the loan because this is not deemed to
be a critical credit factor in the case of a refinanced mortgage loan. The
Fixed-Rate Mortgage Program Class AA, Class I and Class II generally require the
verification of employment and income that is stated on the borrower's
application. The Class ANIV, Class III and Class III-SE program guidelines
generally require verification of employment without verification of income that
must be stated on the application. The Class III-SE program is intended for
self-employed borrowers. The Class IV program generally requires the
verification of income that is stated on the application. The Class IV-PI
program generally requires the verification of a majority of income that is
stated on the application. The Class V program generally requires the
verification of all income that can be verified by independent means.
Approximately 21.96% of the Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans (by
Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance) were underwritten to Classes III, III-SE,
IV, IV-PI and V. See "The Mortgage Pool" herein. Generally, the maximum
permitted combined loan-to-value ratio and debt-to-income ratio guidelines for
each Fixed-Rate Mortgage Program underwriting class are as follows:
S-65
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FIXED-RATE MORTGAGE PROGRAM
SINGLE FAMILY LOANS
MAXIMUM
PERMITTED MAXIMUM
COMBINED PERMITTED
UNDERWRITING LOAN-TO-VALUE DEBT-TO-INCOME
CLASS PROPERTY TYPE RATIO RATIO
- ------------ ------------- ------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
AA Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family............................ 80% 45%
Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD...................... 75% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family........................ 70% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD.................. 65% 45%
ANIV Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family............................ 75% 40%
Non-Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family........................ 70% 40%
I Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family............................ 80% 50%
Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD...................... 70% 50%
Non-Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family........................ 70% 50%
Non-Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD.................. 60% 50%
II Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family............................ 75% 50%
Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD...................... 70% 50%
Non-Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family........................ 70% 50%
Non-Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD.................. 60% 50%
III Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family............................ 70% 45%
Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD...................... 60% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family........................ 60% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD.................. 55% 45%
III-SE Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family............................ 70% 45%
Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD...................... 65% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family........................ 65% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD.................. 55% 45%
IV Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family............................ 70% 45%
Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD...................... 60% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family........................ 60% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD.................. 55% 45%
IV-PI Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family............................ 70% 45%
Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD...................... 60% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family........................ 60% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD.................. 55% 45%
V Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family............................ 65% 45%
Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD...................... 55% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family........................ 55% 45%
</TABLE>
The maximum permitted combined loan-to-value ratio may be increased
by 5% for Classes AA, ANIV, I, II, III and III-SE on owner occupied one- or
two-family dwellings only, if the borrowers have exhibited an excellent mortgage
payment history, verified for the most recent twelve month period.
Further adjustments to both the maximum permitted combined
loan-to-value ratio and the maximum permitted debt-to-income ratio are available
through utilization of the "Rate Add-on Feature". This feature, offered on all
loan classes with the exception of Class V, typically allows the loan-to-value
ratio to be increased a maximum of 10%.
Down payment requirements for purchase money transactions are
verifiable liquid assets of the borrower. In addition, the minimum cash down
payment required to be provided by the borrower, which may include any gift
received by the borrower, is 10% of the sale price. For all classes with the
exception of IV, IV-PI and V, if the property is an owner-occupied single-family
residence or a two family residence, a seller financed subordinate mortgage loan
is allowed. However, in no case can a seller financed subordinate loan exceed
10% of the purchase price.
S-66
<PAGE>
On a case-by-case basis, the Depositor may determine that, based upon
compensating factors, a prospective borrower not strictly qualifying under the
class guidelines warrants an underwriting exception. Compensating factors may
include, but are not limited to, low combined loan-to-value ratio, low
debt-to-income ratio, good credit history, stable employment and duration of
residence at the applicant's current address.
Manufactured Home Loans. All of the Manufactured Home Loans were
originated or purchased by the Depositor pursuant to its Manufactured Home Loan
Program. The Manufactured Home Loan Program allows origination of fixed-rate and
adjustable-rate mortgage loans secured only by first liens on manufactured homes
that have been permanently affixed to a permanent foundation and to the real
property. In addition, the Manufactured Home Loan Program allows origination of
fully amortizing loans only, with a standard amortization term of twenty (20)
years for multi-wide properties and fifteen (15) years for single-wide
properties. Thirty (30) year and twenty-five (25) year amortizations may also be
permitted, subject to certain limitations, for loans secured by multi-wide
properties. Subject to certain limitations, the Manufactured Home, if
multi-wide, may be a second/vacation home.
The Depositor's underwriting standards under the Manufactured Home
Loan Program are primarily intended to evaluate a borrower's credit standing and
ability to repay a mortgage loan and to assess the value of the manufactured
home and underlying real estate as collateral for such mortgage loan. In
general, the Depositor's underwriting guidelines with respect to eligible
borrowers under the Manufactured Home Loan Program are the same as those under
the Depositor's Fixed-Rate Mortgage Program or Adjustable-Rate Mortgage Program,
as the case may be.
The Manufactured Home Loan Program underwriting guidelines with
respect to eligible properties are, in general, the same as those for the
Fixed-Rate Mortgage Program or Adjustable-Rate Mortgage Program, as the case may
be, with necessary modifications due to the nature of the product. The
Manufactured Home must be constructed pursuant to Federal Manufactured Home
Construction and Safety Standards and the property must be zoned 1-4 family
residential. The wheels, axles and trailer hitch must have been removed and the
home must be permanently affixed to a permanent foundation on the real estate.
The Depositor requires a manufactured housing unit (ALTA 7) endorsement from
each title insurer of a Manufactured Home Loan stating that the insurer agrees
that the related manufactured housing unit is included within the term "land"
when used in the title policy. Each underwriting class, in addition to standard
Fixed-Rate Mortgage Program guidelines or Adjustable-Rate Mortgage Program
guidelines, as the case may be, has guidelines as to the maximum permitted
combined loan-to-value ratio based on the size of the manufactured home
(single-wide or multi-wide). Generally, higher numbered underwriting classes (as
set forth in the table below) permit a greater number of derogatory credit items
than the lower numbered underwriting classes.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
MANUFACTURED HOME LOAN PROGRAM
MAXIMUM
PERMITTED MAXIMUM
COMBINED PERMITTED
UNDERWRITING LOAN-TO-VALUE DEBT-TO-INCOME
CLASS PROPERTY TYPE RATIO RATIO
- ------------ ------------- ------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
AA Owner Occupied Single-wide 85% 45%
Owner Occupied Multi-wide 90% 45%
ANIV Owner Occupied Single-wide 75% 45%
Owner Occupied Multi-wide 85% 45%
I Owner Occupied Single-wide 80% 50%
Owner Occupied Multi-wide 90% 50%
II Owner Occupied Single-wide 75% 50%
Owner Occupied Multi-wide 85% 50%
III Owner Occupied Single-wide 70% 45%
Owner Occupied Multi-wide 80% 45%
III-SE Owner Occupied Single-wide 70% 45%
Owner Occupied Multi-wide 80% 45%
IV Owner Occupied 70% 45%
Multi-wide
V Owner Occupied Multi-wide 50% 45%
</TABLE>
S-67
<PAGE>
Multifamily Loans and Mixed Use Loans. The Multifamily and Mixed Use
Loans included in the Initial Sub-Pool 1 (approximately 3.58% of the Sub-Pool 1
Initial Mortgage Loans, by Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance) were
originated and purchased by the Depositor pursuant to its Fixed Rate Mortgage
Program--Multifamily and Mixed Use. The Depositor primarily underwrites loans
for 5 to 50 unit apartment buildings in Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana,
Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia and the District of
Columbia under the Fixed-Rate Mortgage Program--Multifamily and Mixed Use.
The Depositor's underwriting standards under the Fixed Rate Mortgage
Program--Multifamily and Mixed Use are primarily intended to assess the ability
of the mortgaged property to generate adequate cash flow to support the mortgage
and to a lesser extent, the financial capabilities and managerial ability of the
mortgagor. In determining whether a loan should be granted, the Depositor
considers the reliability of the income stream from investment property, the
debt service coverage ratios and the adequacy of such property as collateral for
the mortgage loan, the creditworthiness of the mortgagor and the mortgagor's
management experience. The "debt service coverage ratio" or "DSCR" with respect
to a Mortgaged Property means (a) the net operating income for the related
Mortgaged Property used in underwriting the related Mortgage Loan divided by (b)
the annual debt service (principal and interest) for such Mortgage Loan. While
their primary consideration in underwriting a mortgage loan is the mortgaged
property, sufficient documentation on the mortgagor is required to establish the
financial strength and ability of the borrower to successfully operate the
mortgaged property and meet the obligations of the note and deed of trust.
Under the Fixed Rate Mortgage Program--Multifamily and Mixed Use, the
amount of the mortgage loan is not more than 70% of the appraised value. The
debt service coverage ratio ("DSCR") is not less than 1.2 fully indexed.
The Fixed Rate Mortgage Program--Multifamily and Mixed Use requires
the inspection of the property and records regarding the property are inspected
to determine that the property is in compliance with current zoning
requirements, the number of buildings on the property, the type of construction
materials used, the proximity of the property to natural hazards and flood zones
and whether there are any negative environmental factors. The property must
front on publicly dedicated and maintained streets with provisions for adequate
and safe ingress and egress. Also, the title is reviewed to determine if there
are any covenants, conditions and restrictions or easements on the property. The
properties are appraised by independent appraisers approved by the Depositor and
reviewed either by the Depositor's property evaluation department and/or an
outside consultant. Generally, the maximum permitted combined loan-to-value
ratio and minimum permitted debt service coverage ratio guidelines for each
underwriting class are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FIXED-RATE MORTGAGE PROGRAM
MULTI-FAMILY AND MIXED-USE
MAXIMUM
PERMITTED MINIMUM
COMBINED PERMITTED
UNDERWRITING LOAN-TO-VALUE DEBT SERVICE
CLASS PROPERTY TYPE RATIO COVERAGE
- ------------ ------------- ------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
AA Owner Occupied..................................... 70% 1.20%
Non-Owner Occupied................................. 65% 1.20%
I Owner Occupied..................................... 70% 1.20%
Non-Owner Occupied................................. 65% 1.20%
II Owner Occupied..................................... 65% 1.20%
Non-Owner Occupied................................. 60% 1.20%
IV Owner Occupied..................................... 55% 1.35%
Non-Owner Occupied................................. 50% 1.35%
V Owner Occupied..................................... 55% 1.35%
Non-Owner Occupied................................. 50% 1.35%
</TABLE>
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SUB-POOL 2
Single Family Loans. Approximately 18.29% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial
Mortgage Loans, by Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance, were originated
substantially in accordance with FNMA and FHLMC underwriting guidelines for
single family loans in effect on the date the mortgage loan was originated.
Approximately 80.47% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans, by Original
Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance, were originated or purchased by the Depositor
pursuant to its Adjustable-Rate First Mortgage Program underwriting guidelines.
The Adjustable-Rate First Mortgage Program guidelines are primarily intended to
evaluate a borrower's credit standing and ability to repay a mortgage loan and
to assess the value of the related mortgaged property as collateral for such
mortgage loan.
The Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans are originated primarily for borrowers
who are refinancing existing debt. In general, the borrowers, in connection with
certain lower-numbered and earlier alphabetically designated underwriting
classes, have a history of paying consumer and prior mortgage debt predominantly
in a timely manner or, instead, in connection with certain higher-numbered and
later alphabetically designated underwriting classes, may have payment histories
that include up to three payments missed on a prior mortgage obligation and/or,
in some cases, major derogatory credit items such as outstanding judgments or
prior bankruptcies.
Several different underwriting classes are used to categorize the
creditworthiness of borrowers. In addition to general Adjustable-Rate First
Mortgage Program guidelines, each class has guidelines relating to maximum
permitted loan-to-value ratio, maximum permitted debt-to-income ratio and
acceptable consumer credit and mortgage credit delinquencies and defaults.
Generally, higher-numbered underwriting classes (as set forth in the table
below) permit a greater number of derogatory credit items than the lower
numbered underwriting classes.
Each underwriting class has guidelines and standards for the type of
income, employment and asset verification performed prior to closing the loan.
In general, the Adjustable-Rate First Mortgage Program does not require
verification of the source of the borrower's assets to close the loan because
this is not deemed to be a critical credit factor in the case of a refinanced
mortgage loan. The Adjustable-Rate First Mortgage Program Class AA, Class I and
Class II generally require the verification of employment and income that is
stated on the borrower's application. The Class ANIV, Class III and Class SE
program guidelines generally require verification of employment without
verification of income that must be stated on the application. The Class SE
program is intended for self-employed borrowers. The Class IV program generally
requires the verification of income that is stated on the application without
verification of employment and the Class V program generally requires the
verification of all income that can be verified by independent means.
Approximately 26.01% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans, by
Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance, were underwritten to Classes III, SE, IV
and V. See "The Mortgage Pool" herein. Generally, the maximum permitted
loan-to-value ratio and maximum permitted debt-to-income ratio guidelines for
each underwriting class are as follows:
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<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ADJUSTABLE-RATE FIRST MORTGAGE PROGRAM
MAXIMUM MAXIMUM
PERMITTED PERMITTED
UNDERWRITING LOAN-TO-VALUE DEBT-TO-INCOME
CLASS PROPERTY TYPE RATIO RATIO
- ------------ ------------- ------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
AA Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family......................... 80% 45%
Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD................... 75% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family..................... 70% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD............... 65% 45%
ANIV Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family......................... 75% 40%
Non-Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family..................... 75% 40%
I Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family......................... 80% 45%
Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD................... 70% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family..................... 70% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD............... 60% 45%
II Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family......................... 75% 45%
Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD................... 70% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family..................... 70% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD............... 60% 45%
SE Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family......................... 70% 45%
Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD................... 65% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family..................... 65% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD............... 55% 45%
III Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family......................... 70% 45%
Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD................... 60% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family..................... 60% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD............... 55% 45%
IV Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family......................... 70% 45%
Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD................... 60% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family..................... 60% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD............... 55% 45%
V Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family......................... 65% 45%
Owner Occupied Condominium/Townhouse/PUD................... 55% 45%
Non-Owner Occupied One- to Four-Family..................... 55% 45%
</TABLE>
The maximum permitted loan-to-value ratio may be increased 5% for Class AA,
ANIV, I, II, SE, III and IV on one- or two-family dwellings only, if the
borrowers have exhibited an excellent mortgage payment history, verified for the
most recent twelve month period. In such cases, the maximum permitted
debt-to-income ratio is decreased 5% for Class I.
Further adjustments to both maximum permitted loan-to-value ratio and maximum
permitted debt-to-income ratio are available through utilization of the Rate
Add-on Feature. This feature, offered on all loan classes with the exception of
Class V, typically allows the loan-to-value ratio to be increased a maximum of
10%.
Down payment requirements for purchase money transactions are verifiable liquid
assets of the borrower. In addition, the minimum cash down payment required to
be provided by the borrower, which may include any gift received by the
borrower, is 10% of the sale price. For all classes with the exception of IV,
and V, if the property is an owner-occupied single-family residence or a two
family residence, a seller financed subordinate mortgage loan is allowed.
However, in no case can a seller financed subordinate loan exceed 10% of the
purchase price.
On a case-by-case basis, the Depositor may determine that, based upon
compensating factors, a prospective borrower not strictly qualifying under the
guidelines of a particular class warrants an underwriting exception.
Compensating factors may include, but are not limited to, low loan-to-value
ratio, low debt-to-income ratio, good credit history, stable employment and time
in residence at the applicant's current address.
Manufactured Home Loans. All of the Manufactured Home Loans included
in the Initial Sub-Pool 2 (approximately 0.51% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial
Mortgage Loans, by Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance) were originated or
purchased by the Depositor pursuant to its Manufactured Home Loan Program as
described above under the caption "The Depositor-Underwriting Criteria-Sub-Pool
1".
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Multifamily Loans. All of the Multifamily Loans included in the
Initial Sub-Pool 2 (approximately 0.36% of the Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage
Loans, by Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance) were originated substantially
in accordance with FNMA and FHLMC underwriting guidelines for multifamily loans
in effect on the date the mortgage loan was originated.
DESCRIPTION OF THE CERTIFICATES
The Series 1997-2 AFC Mortgage Loan Asset Backed Certificates will
consist of seven Classes of certificates, Class 1A-1, Class 1A-2, Class 1A-3,
Class 1A-4, Class 1A-5, Class 2A and Class R (the Class 1A-1, Class 1A-2, Class
1A-3, Class 1A-4 and Class 1A-5 Certificates are referred to herein as the
"Class 1A Certificates"; the Class 1A-1, Class 1A-2, Class 1A-3, Class 1A-4,
Class 1A-5, and Class 2A Certificates are referred to herein as the "Class A
Certificates"; the Class A and Class R Certificates are referred to herein as
the "Certificates"; each such class, a "Class"). Only the Class 1A and Class 2A
Certificates are offered hereby.
The Class 1A-1 Certificates will have an initial Class 1A-1 Principal
Balance of $49,800,000; the Class 1A-2 Certificates will have an initial Class
1A-2 Principal Balance of $14,500,000; the Class 1A-3 Certificates will have an
initial Class 1A-3 Principal Balance of $24,200,000; the Class 1A-4 Certificates
will have an initial Class 1A-4 Principal Balance of $13,000,000; the Class 1A-5
Certificates will have an initial Class 1A-5 Principal Balance of $32,946,000;
and the Class 2A Certificates will have an initial Class 2A Principal Balance of
$167,554,000. The Class R Certificates will have no principal balance. In
certain circumstances, the Class R Certificates may receive distributions in
respect of principal on the Mortgage Loans. The rights of the Class R
Certificateholders to receive distributions with respect to the Mortgage Loans
will be subordinate to the rights of the Class A Certificateholders to the
extent described herein.
On each Remittance Date, with respect to the Class 1A-1 Certificates,
interest will be paid at the Class 1A-1 Pass-Through Rate in an amount equal to
interest accrued during the related Accrual Period on the related Class 1A-1
Principal Balance prior to giving effect to principal distributions to be made
on such date.
On each Remittance Date, with respect to each Class of the Class 1A
Certificates, other than the Class 1A-1 Certificates, interest will be paid at
the related Class 1A Pass-Through Rate in an amount equal to 30 days' interest
on the related Class A Principal Balance prior to giving effect to principal
distributions to be made on such date. All calculations of interest on each
Class of Class 1A Certificates, other than the Class 1A-1 Certificates will be
computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. See
"-Sub-Pool 1-Payments on the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans" herein.
On each Remittance Date, with respect to the Class 2A Certificates,
interest will be paid at the Class 2A Pass-Through Rate in an amount equal to
interest accrued during the related Accrual Period on the related Class 2A
Principal Balance prior to giving effect to principal distributions to be made
on such date.
Interest payable with respect to each Remittance Date on the Class
1A-1 and the Class 2A Certificates will accrue during the period commencing on
the Remittance Date of the immediately preceding month and ending on the day
immediately preceding the related Remittance Date, except that with respect to
the first Remittance Date interest payable on the Class 1A-1 and the Class 2A
Certificates will accrue during the period commencing on the Closing Date and
ending on the day immediately preceding the first Remittance Date (each such
period, an "Accrual Period"). All calculations of interest on the Class 1A-1 and
the Class 2A Certificates will be computed on the basis of the actual number of
days elapsed in the Accrual Period and a 360-day year.
Each of the Class A Certificates represents fractional undivided
ownership interests in a Trust Fund consisting of Sub-Pool 1 and Sub-Pool 2,
created and held pursuant to the Pooling Agreement. Each Sub-Pool includes (i)
the related Mortgage Loans (including the related Initial Mortgage Loans and any
related Subsequent Mortgage Loans) and all proceeds thereof due after the
Cut-off Date and related Subsequent Cut-off Date, (ii) the related Certificate
Account, the related Principal and Interest Account, the related Trustee Expense
Account, the related Pre-Funding Account, subject to certain limitations, the
related Interest Coverage Account and the related Reserve Account, and such
assets as from time to time are deposited in such accounts, including amounts on
deposit therein and invested in Permitted Instruments, (iii) any related REO
Property, (iv) the Trustee's rights under all
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insurance policies with respect to the related Mortgage Loans required to be
maintained pursuant to the Pooling Agreement and any Insurance Proceeds and (v)
the Certificate Insurance Policy.
Distributions on the Class A Certificates will be made by the Trustee
on the 25th day of each month, or if such day is not a Business Day, on the
first Business Day thereafter commencing on July 25, 1997 (each, a "Remittance
Date"), to the persons in whose names such Certificates are registered (which,
initially, will be CEDE & Co., the nominee of DTC) as of the Business Day
immediately preceding such Remittance Date, in the case of the Class 1A-1
Certificates and the Class 2A Certificates, and the last Business Day of the
month preceding the month of such Remittance Date, in the case of all other
Classes of Certificates (each, a "Record Date").
Distributions on each Remittance Date will be made by check mailed to
the address of the person entitled thereto as it appears on the Certificate
Register or, in the case of Class A Certificates if such Holder of record owns
Class A Certificates with an initial Class A Principal Balance in excess of
$5,000,000, and who has so notified the Trustee in writing in accordance with
the Pooling Agreement, by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the
account of such Certificateholder at a bank or other depository institution
having appropriate wire transfer facilities; provided, however, that the initial
distribution on all Classes of Certificates other than the Class 1A-1
Certificates and the Class 2A Certificates will be made to Certificateholders of
record as of the Closing Date and the final distribution in retirement of the
Class A Certificates will be made only upon presentment and surrender of such
Certificate at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee. On each Remittance
Date, a Holder of a Class A Certificate will receive such Holder's Percentage
Interest of the amounts required to be distributed with respect to such Class A
Certificates. The "Percentage Interest" evidenced by a Certificate will equal
the percentage derived by dividing the denomination of such Certificate by the
aggregate denominations of all Certificates of such Class.
REGISTRATION OF CERTIFICATES
The Class A Certificates will be issued in book-entry form. The Class
A Certificates will be issued in minimum dollar denominations of $100,000 and
integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof (except that a single certificate
of each of the Class 1A-1, Class 1A-2, Class 1A-3, Class 1A-4, Class 1A-5 and
Class 2A Certificates may be issued in a different amount which is less than the
related minimum dollar denomination). The assumed final maturity date of the
Class A Certificates is June 25, 2027, which is the first Remittance Date
occurring one month after the latest scheduled maturity date of any related
Mortgage Loan (including any related Subsequent Mortgage Loan originated in
August 1997).
Holders of Certificates may hold their Certificates through DTC (in
the United States) or CEDEL or Euroclear (in Europe) if they are participants of
such systems, or indirectly through organizations which are participants in such
systems.
The Certificates will initially be registered in the name of CEDE &
Co., the nominee of DTC. CEDEL and Euroclear will hold omnibus positions on
behalf of their participants through customers' securities accounts in CEDEL's
and Euroclear's names on the books of their respective depositaries which in
turn will hold such positions in customers' securities accounts in the
depositaries' names on the books of DTC. Citibank, N.A. will act as depositary
for CEDEL and The Chase Manhattan Bank will act as depositary for Euroclear (in
such capacities, individually the "Depositary" and collectively the
"Depositaries").
Transfers between Participants will occur in accordance with DTC
rules. Transfers between CEDEL Participants and Euroclear Participants will
occur in accordance with their respective rules and operating procedures.
Cross-market transfers between persons holding directly or indirectly
through DTC, on the one hand, and directly or indirectly through CEDEL
Participants or Euroclear Participants, on the other, will be effected in DTC in
accordance with DTC rules on behalf of the relevant European international
clearing system by its Depositary; however, such cross-market transactions will
require delivery of instructions to the relevant European international clearing
system by the counterparty in such system in accordance with its rules and
procedures and within its established deadlines (European time). The relevant
European international clearing system will, if the transaction meets its
settlement requirements, deliver instructions to its Depositary to take action
to effect final settlement on its behalf by delivering or receiving securities
in DTC, and making or receiving payment in accordance with normal
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<PAGE>
procedures for same-day funds settlement applicable to DTC. CEDEL Participants
and Euroclear Participants may not deliver instructions directly to the
Depositaries.
Because of time-zone differences, credits of securities received in
CEDEL or Euroclear as a result of a transaction with a Participant will be made
during subsequent securities settlement processing and dated the business day
following the DTC settlement date. Such credits or any transactions in such
securities settled during such processing will be reported to the relevant
Euroclear or CEDEL Participants on such business day. Cash received in CEDEL or
Euroclear as a result of sales of securities by or through a CEDEL Participant
or Euroclear Participant to a Participant will be received with value on the DTC
settlement date but will be available in the relevant CEDEL or Euroclear cash
account only as of the business day following settlement in DTC. For information
with respect to tax documentation procedures relating to the Certificates, see
"Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences" and "Global Clearance, Settlement and
Tax Documentation Procedures" in Annex I hereto.
DTC is a limited-purpose trust company organized under the laws of
the State of New York, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a "clearing
corporation" within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code, and a
"clearing agency" registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the
1934 Act. DTC accepts securities for deposit from its participating
organizations ("Participants") and facilitates the clearance and settlement of
securities transactions between Participants in such securities through
electronic book-entry changes in accounts of Participants, thereby eliminating
the need for physical movement of certificates. Participants include securities
brokers and dealers, banks and trust companies and clearing corporations and may
include certain other organizations. Indirect access to the DTC system is also
available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that
clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Participant, either
directly or indirectly ("Indirect Participants").
CEDEL is incorporated under the laws of Luxembourg as a professional
depository. CEDEL holds securities for its participating organizations ("CEDEL
Participants") and facilitates the clearance and settlement of securities
transactions between CEDEL Participants through electronic book-entry changes in
accounts of CEDEL Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical
movement of certificates. Transactions may be settled in CEDEL in any of 28
currencies, including United States dollars. CEDEL provides to its CEDEL
Participants, among other things, services for safekeeping, administration,
clearance and settlement of internationally traded securities and securities
lending and borrowing. CEDEL interfaces with domestic markets in several
countries. As a professional depository, CEDEL is subject to regulation by the
Luxembourg Monetary Institute. CEDEL Participants are recognized financial
institutions around the world, including underwriters, securities brokers and
dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other
organizations. Indirect access to CEDEL is also available to others, such as
banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a
custodial relationship with a CEDEL Participant, either directly or indirectly.
Euroclear was created in 1968 to hold securities for participants of
Euroclear ("Euroclear Participants") and to clear and settle transactions
between Euroclear Participants through simultaneous electronic book-entry
delivery against payment, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of
certificates and any risk from lack of simultaneous transfers of securities and
cash. Transactions may now be settled in any of 32 currencies, including United
States dollars. Euroclear includes various other services, including securities
lending and borrowing and interfaces with domestic markets in several countries
generally similar to the arrangements for cross-market transfers with DTC
described above. Euroclear is operated by the Brussels, Belgium office of Morgan
Guaranty Trust Company of New York (the "Euroclear Operator"), under contract
with Euroclear Clearance Systems S.C., a Belgian cooperative corporation (the
"Cooperative"). All operations are conducted by the Euroclear Operator, and all
Euroclear securities clearance accounts and Euroclear cash accounts are accounts
with the Euroclear Operator, not the Cooperative. The Cooperative established
policy for Euroclear on behalf of Euroclear Participants. Euroclear Participants
include banks (including central banks), securities brokers and dealers and
other professional financial intermediaries. Indirect access to Euroclear is
also available to other firms that clear through or maintain a custodial
relationship with a Euroclear Participant, either directly or indirectly.
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The Euroclear Operator is the Belgian branch of a New York banking
corporation which is a member bank of the Federal Reserve System. As such, it is
regulated and examined by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
and the New York State Banking Department, as well as the Belgian Banking
Commission.
Securities clearance accounts and cash accounts with the Euroclear
Operator are governed by the Terms and Conditions Governing Use of Euroclear and
the related Operating Procedures of the Euroclear System and applicable Belgian
law (collectively, the "Terms and Conditions"). The Terms and Conditions govern
transfers of securities and cash with Euroclear, withdrawals of securities and
cash from Euroclear, and receipts of payments with respect to securities in
Euroclear. All securities in Euroclear are held on a fungible basis without
attribution of specific certificates to specific clearance accounts. The
Euroclear Operator acts under the Terms and Conditions only on behalf of
Euroclear Participants, and has no record of or relationship with persons
holding through Euroclear Participants.
Distributions with respect to Certificates held through CEDEL or
Euroclear will be credited to the cash accounts of CEDEL Participants or
Euroclear Participants in accordance with the relevant system's rules and
procedures, to the extent received by its Depositary. Such distributions will be
subject to tax reporting in accordance with relevant United States tax laws and
regulations. See "Certain Income Tax Consequences". CEDEL or the Euroclear
Operator, as the case may be, will take any other action permitted to be taken
by a Certificateholder under the Agreement on behalf of a CEDEL Participant or
Euroclear Participant only in accordance with its relevant rules and procedures
and subject to its Depositary's ability to effect such actions on its behalf
through DTC.
Although DTC, CEDEL and Euroclear have agreed to the foregoing
procedures in order to facilitate transfers of Certificates among participants
of DTC, CEDEL and Euroclear, they are under no obligation to perform or continue
to perform such procedures and such procedures may be discontinued at any time.
THE PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST ACCOUNT
The Servicer shall establish and maintain an account for each
Sub-Pool (with respect to Sub-Pool 1, the "Sub-Pool 1 Principal and Interest
Account"; with respect to Sub-Pool 2, the "Sub-Pool 2 Principal and Interest
Account"; each a "Principal and Interest Account"), which shall be an Eligible
Account, on behalf of the Certificateholders. The Servicer shall deposit therein
payments and collections received or made by it in connection with the related
Mortgage Loans (net of the Servicing Fee) subsequent to the Cut-off Date or
related Subsequent Cut-off Date, as the case may be (to the extent not applied
in computing the aggregate principal balance of the related Mortgage Loans as of
such date). The Servicer may withdraw funds from a Principal and Interest
Account only for the purposes set forth in the Pooling Agreement, including but
not limited to the following:
(i) to effect the remittance to the Trustee on the
twenty-second day of each month (or if such day is not a Business
Day, on the immediately following Business Day) of the Excess Spread
and the Available Remittance Amount ;
(ii) subject to the limitations set forth in the Pooling
Agreement, to pay the Servicer for any accrued and unpaid Servicing
Fees with respect to related Mortgage Loans and to reimburse itself
for related unreimbursed Advances and Servicing Advances and any
amount used to cover shortfalls in interest on newly originated
Mortgage Loans as described below under "--Advances." The Servicer's
right to pay itself unpaid Servicing Fees, and to reimburse itself
for unreimbursed Servicing Advances and amounts used to cover any
such interest shortfalls, is limited to late collections on the
related Mortgage Loan, and such other amounts as may be collected by
the Servicer from the related Mortgagor or otherwise with respect to
the related Mortgage Loan in respect of which such unreimbursed
amounts are owed. The Servicer's right to reimbursement for
unreimbursed Advances is limited to late collections of interest on
any Mortgage Loan; provided that the Servicer shall not be entitled
to reimbursement from Liquidation Proceeds for Advances made as
described in subsection (c) of the paragraph under the caption
"Advances" herein. The Servicer's right to such reimbursements is
senior to the rights of Holders of Certificates;
(iii) to withdraw any amount received from a Mortgagor on a
related Mortgage Loan that is recoverable and sought to be recovered
as a Preference Amount;
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(iv) to make investments in Permitted Instruments and to
pay itself interest earned in respect of Permitted Instruments or on
funds deposited in the related Principal and Interest Account;
(v) to pay itself the Servicing Fee and any other permitted
servicing compensation to the extent not previously retained or paid;
and
(vi) to withdraw funds necessary for the conservation and
disposition of any REO Property.
THE CERTIFICATE ACCOUNT
The Trustee shall establish and maintain an account for each Sub-Pool
(with respect to Sub-Pool 1, the "Sub-Pool 1 Certificate Account"; with respect
to Sub-Pool 2, the "Sub-Pool 2 Certificate Account"; each a "Certificate
Account"), which shall be an Eligible Account, on behalf of the
Certificateholders. The Trustee shall, promptly upon receipt, deposit in the
Certificate Account and retain therein the following: (i) the related Available
Remittance Amount for such Remittance Date; (ii) the related Excess Spread for
such Remittance Date; (iii) the aggregate amount withdrawn from the related
Reserve Account for such Remittance Date (as described below under the caption
"--Reserve Account"); and (iv) any amount required to be deposited by the
Servicer in connection with any losses on Permitted Instruments.
The Trustee shall withdraw funds from the Certificate Account for
distribution to Certificateholders as described below under "--Allocation of
Amount Available" and as otherwise provided in the Pooling Agreement.
CALCULATION OF ONE-MONTH LIBOR
On the second Business Day preceding the beginning of each Accrual
Period (each such date, an "Interest Determination Date"), the Trustee will
determine One-Month LIBOR for such Accrual Period with respect to the Class 1A-1
and Class 2A Certificates. One-Month LIBOR will be the rate for deposits in
United States dollars for a term equal to the relevant Accrual Period which
appears in the Telerate Page 3750 as of 11:00 a.m., London time, on such date.
The first Accrual Period shall begin on the Closing Date. If such rate does not
appear on Telerate Page 3750, the rate for that day will be determined on the
basis of the rates at which deposits in United States dollars are offered by the
Reference Banks at approximately 11:00 a.m., London time, on that day to banks
in the London interbank market for a term equal to the relevant Accrual Period.
The Trustee will request the principal London office of each of the Reference
Banks to provide a quotation of its rate. If at least two such quotations are
provided, the rate for that day will be the arithmetic mean of the quotations.
If fewer than two quotations are provided as requested, the rate for that day
will be the arithmetic mean of the rates quoted by major banks in New York City,
selected by the Servicer, at approximately 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on
that day for loans in United States dollars to leading European banks for a term
equal to the relevant Accrual Period. If on any Interest Determination Date, the
Trustee is unable to determine One Month LIBOR for an Accrual Period, One Month
LIBOR for such Accrual Period shall be One Month LIBOR as determined on the
previous Interest Determination Date; provided, however, that One-Month LIBOR
for an Accrual Period shall not be based on One-Month LIBOR for the previous
Accrual Period for three consecutive Accrual Periods. If One-Month LIBOR for an
Accrual Period would be based on One-Month LIBOR for the previous Accrual Period
for the second consecutive Accrual Period, the Trustee will select a comparable
alternative Index (over which the Trustee has no control) used for determining
one-month Eurodollar lending rates that is calculated and published (or
otherwise made available) by an independent third party.
"Telerate Page 3750" means the display page currently so designated
on the Dow Jones Telerate Service (or such other page as may replace the page on
that service for the purpose of displaying comparable rates or prices) and
"Reference Banks" means leading banks selected by the Trustee and engaged in
transactions in Eurodollar deposits in the international Eurocurrency market.
The establishment of One-Month LIBOR on each Interest Determination
Date by the Trustee and the Trustee's calculation of the rate of interest
applicable to the Class 1A-1 and Class 2A Certificates for the related Accrual
Period shall (in the absence of manifest error) be final and binding.
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ALLOCATION OF AMOUNT AVAILABLE
On or before each Remittance Date, the Servicer will determine the
Overcollateralization Amount for each Sub-Pool after giving effect to the
distribution of the related Class A Principal Remittance Amount to the related
Classes of Class A Certificates on such Remittance Date and the amount of the
related Net Excess Spread.
On each Remittance Date, the Trustee will withdraw from each
Certificate Account the related Amount Available, and make distributions thereof
in the following order of priority and to the extent of available funds.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, on any Remittance Date, in the event that the
Amount Available with respect to a particular Sub-Pool is insufficient to
distribute the entire amount of the related Class A Interest Remittance Amount,
such Amount Available shall be distributed by the Trustee among the related
Class A Certificateholders in proportion to the total respective distributions
of such amounts on each such Class of Certificates that would otherwise be
payable on such Remittance Date.
SUB-POOL 1
With respect to the Class 1A Certificates and Sub-Pool 1:
If the Remittance Date is prior to the Cross-Over Date, the Trustee
shall distribute the indicated amounts in the following order of priority:
(X)(i) to the Class 1A-1 Certificateholders (subject to the
second and last paragraphs under "--Allocation of Amount Available"),
an amount equal to the lesser of:
(A) the Amount Available; and
(B) the related Class A Interest Remittance
Amount with respect to the Class 1A-1 Certificates;
(ii) to the Class 1A-2 Certificateholders (subject to the
second and last paragraphs under "--Allocation of Amount Available"),
an amount equal to the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available after
payments described in clause (X)(i) above; and
(B) the related Class A Interest Remittance
Amount with respect to the Class 1A-2 Certificates;
(iii) to the Class 1A-3 Certificateholders (subject to the
second and last paragraphs under "--Allocation of Amount Available"),
an amount equal to the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available after
payments described in clauses (X)(i) and (ii) above; and
(B) the related Class A Interest Remittance
Amount with respect to the Class 1A-3 Certificates;
(iv) to the Class 1A-4 Certificateholders (subject to the
second and last paragraphs under "--Allocation of Amount Available"),
an amount equal to the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available after
payments described in clauses (X)(i) through (iii) above;
and
(B) the related Class A Interest Remittance
Amount with respect to the Class 1A-4 Certificates;
(v) to the Class 1A-5 Certificateholders (subject to the
second and last paragraphs under "--Allocation of Amount Available"),
an amount equal to the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available after
payments described in clauses (X)(i) through (iv) above;
and
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(B) the related Class A Interest Remittance
Amount with respect to the Class 1A-5 Certificates;
(vi) to the Class 1A-5 Certificateholders (subject to the
last paragraph under "--Allocation of Amount Available"), to be
applied to reduce the Class 1A-5 Principal Balance, to the extent
described below, until the Class 1A-5 Balance is reduced to zero and
to make payments in respect of the amounts described in clauses (iii)
(to the extent the amount in clause (iii) represents prior Insured
Payments or interest thereon) and (v) of the definition of Class A
Principal Remittance Amount below the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available after
payments described in clauses (X)(i) through (v) above; and
(B) the Class 1A-5 Lockout Remittance Amount;
(vii) to the Class 1A-1 Certificateholders (subject to the
last paragraph under "--Allocation of Amount Available"), to be
applied to reduce the Class 1A-1 Principal Balance, to the extent
described below, until the Class 1A-1 Principal Balance is reduced to
zero and to make payments in respect of the amounts described in
clauses (iii) (to the extent the amount in clause (iii) represents
prior Insured Payments or interest thereon) and (v) of the definition
of Class A Principal Remittance Amount below, the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available after
payments described in clauses (X)(i) through (vi) above;
and
(B) the balance of the related Class A Principal
Remittance Amount after payments described in clause
(X)(vi) above;
(viii) at such time as the Class 1A-1 Principal Balance has
been reduced to zero, to the Class 1A-2 Certificateholders (subject
to the last paragraph under "--Allocation of Amount Available"), to
be applied to reduce the Class 1A-2 Principal Balance, to the extent
described below, until the Class 1A-2 Principal Balance thereof is
reduced to zero and to make payments in respect of the amounts
described in clauses (iii) (to the extent the amount in clause (iii)
represents prior Insured Payments or interest thereon) and (v) of the
definition of Class A Principal Remittance Amount below, the lesser
of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available after
payments described in clauses (X)(i) through (vii) above;
and
(B) the balance of the related Class A Principal
Remittance Amount after payments described in clauses
(X)(vi) and (vii) above;
(ix) at such time as the Class 1A-2 Principal Balance has
been reduced to zero, to the Class 1A-3 Certificateholders (subject
to the last paragraph under "--Allocation of Amount Available"), to
be applied to reduce the Class 1A-3 Principal Balance, to the extent
described below, until the Class 1A-3 Principal Balance thereof is
reduced to zero and to make payments in respect of the amounts
described in clauses (iii) (to the extent the amount in clause (iii)
represents prior Insured Payments or interest thereon) and (v) of the
definition of Class A Principal Remittance Amount below, the lesser
of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available after
payments described in clauses (X)(i) through (viii) above;
and
(B) the balance of the related Class A Principal
Remittance Amount after payments described in clauses
(X)(vi) through (viii) above;
(x) at such time as the Class 1A-3 Principal Balance has
been reduced to zero, to the Class 1A-4 Certificateholders (subject
to the last paragraph under "--Allocation of Amount Available"), to
be applied to reduce the Class 1A-4 Principal Balance, to the extent
described below, until the Class 1A-4 Principal Balance thereof is
reduced to zero and to make payments in respect of the amounts
described in clauses (iii) (to the extent the amount in clause (iii)
represents prior Insured Payments or interest thereon) and (v) of the
definition of Class A Principal Remittance Amount below, the lesser
of:
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(A) the balance of the Amount Available after
payments described in clauses (X)(i) through (ix) above;
and
(B) the balance of the related Class A Principal
Remittance Amount after payments described in clauses
(X)(vi) through (ix) above;
(xi) at such time as the Class 1A-4 Principal Balance has
been reduced to zero, to the Class 1A-5 Certificateholders (subject
to the last paragraph under "--Allocation of Amount Available"), to
be applied to reduce the Class 1A-5 Principal Balance, to the extent
described below, until the Class 1A-5 Principal Balance thereof is
reduced to zero and to make payments in respect of the amounts
described in clauses (iii) (to the extent the amount in clause (iii)
represents prior Insured Payments or interest thereon) and (v) of the
definition of Class A Principal Remittance Amount below, the lesser
of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available after
payments described in clauses (X)(i) through (x) above; and
(B) the balance of the related Class A Principal
Remittance Amount after payments described in clauses
(X)(vi) through (x) above;
(xii) to the Sub-Pool 1 Trustee Expense Account, an amount
equal to the lesser of the balance of the Amount Available with
respect to Sub-Pool 1 after payments described in clauses (X)(i)
through (xi) above and any accrued and unpaid Annual Trustee Expense
Amount with respect to Sub-Pool 1;
(xiii) to the Class 1A-1 Certificateholders to be applied
to reduce the Class 1A-1 Principal Balance until the Class 1A-1
Principal Balance has been reduced to zero, an amount equal to the
lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available with
respect to Sub-Pool 1 after payments described in clauses
(X)(i) through (xii) above; and
(B) the Additional Principal with respect to
Sub-Pool 1;
(xiv) at such time as the Class 1A-1 Principal Balance has
been reduced to zero, to the Class 1A-2 Certificateholders to be
applied to reduce the Class 1A-2 Principal Balance until the Class
1A-2 Principal Balance has been reduced to zero, an amount equal to
the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available with
respect to Sub-Pool 1 after payments described in clauses
(X)(i) through (xiii) above; and
(B) the Additional Principal with respect to
Sub-Pool 1;
(xv) at such time as the Class 1A-2 Principal Balance has
been reduced to zero, to the Class 1A-3 Certificateholders to be
applied to reduce the Class 1A-3 Principal Balance until the Class
1A-3 Principal Balance has been reduced to zero, an amount equal to
the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available with
respect to Sub-Pool 1 after payments described in clauses
(X)(i) through (xiv) above; and
(B) the Additional Principal with respect to
Sub-Pool 1;
(xvi) at such time as the Class 1A-3 Principal Balance has
been reduced to zero, to the Class 1A-4 Certificateholders to be
applied to reduce the Class 1A-4 Principal Balance until the Class
1A-4 Principal Balance has been reduced to zero, an amount equal to
the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available with
respect to Sub-Pool 1 after payments described in clauses
(X)(i) through (xv) above; and
(B) the Additional Principal with respect to
Sub-Pool 1;
(xvii) at such time as the Class 1A-4 Principal Balance has
been reduced to zero, to the Class 1A-5 Certificateholders to be
applied to reduce the Class 1A-5 Principal Balance until the Class
1A-5 Principal Balance has been reduced to zero, an amount equal to
the lesser of:
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(A) the balance of the Amount Available with
respect to Sub-Pool 1 after payments described in clauses
(X)(i) through (xvi) above; and
(B) the Additional Principal with respect to
Sub-Pool 1;
(xviii) to the Servicer and/or the Depositor, an amount
equal to the lesser of the balance of the Amount Available with
respect to Sub-Pool 1 after payments described in clauses (X)(i)
through (xvii) above and any expenses paid by the Servicer and/or
Depositor that were incurred in connection with any third party
claims that remain unreimbursed;
(xix) to the Servicer, an amount equal to the lesser of the
balance of the Amount Available with respect to Sub-Pool 1 after
payments described in clauses (X)(i) through (xviii) above and the
aggregate of any Nonrecoverable Servicing Advances and Nonrecoverable
Monthly Advances with respect to Sub-Pool 1 previously made by the
Servicer and not previously reimbursed;
(xx) to the Class R Certificateholders, the balance of the
Amount Available with respect to Sub-Pool 1, if any, after payments
described in clauses (X)(i) through (xix) above.
If the Remittance Date is on or after the Cross-Over Date, the
Trustee shall distribute the indicated amounts in the following order of
priority:
(Y)(i) to the Class 1A-1 Certificateholders (subject to the
second and last paragraphs under "--Allocation of Amount Available"),
the lesser of:
(A) the Amount Available; and
(B) the related Class A Interest Remittance
Amount with respect to the Class 1A-1 Certificates;
(ii) to the Class 1A-2 Certificateholders (subject to the
second and last paragraphs under "--Allocation of Amount Available"),
the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available after
payments described in clause (Y)(i) above; and
(B) the related Class A Interest Remittance
Amount with respect to the Class 1A-2 Certificates;
(iii) to the Class 1A-3 Certificateholders (subject to the
second and last paragraphs under "--Allocation of Amount Available"),
the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available after
payments described in clauses (Y)(i) and (ii) above; and
(B) the related Class A Interest Remittance
Amount with respect to the Class 1A-3 Certificates;
(iv) to the Class 1A-4 Certificateholders (subject to the
second and last paragraphs under "--Allocation of Amount Available"),
the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available after
payments described in clauses (Y)(i) through (iii) above;
and
(B) the related Class A Interest Remittance
Amount with respect to the Class 1A-4 Certificates;
(v) to the Class 1A-5 Certificateholders (subject to the
second and last paragraphs under "--Allocation of Amount Available"),
the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available after
payments described in clauses (Y)(i) through (iv) above;
and
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(B) the related Class A Interest Remittance
Amount with respect to the Class 1A-5 Certificates;
(vi) to the Class 1A-5 Certificateholders (subject to the
last paragraph under "--Allocation of Amount Available"), to be
applied to reduce the Class 1A-5 Principal Balance until the Class
1A-5 Principal Balance has been reduced to zero and to make payments
in respect of the amounts described in clauses (iii) (to the extent
the amount in clause (iii) represents prior Insured Payments or
interest thereon) and (v) of the definition of Class A Principal
Remittance Amount below the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Net Excess Amount
Available with respect to Sub-Pool 1 after payments
described in clauses (Y)(i) through (v) above; and
(B) Class 1A-5 Lockout Remittance Amount;
(vii) to the Class 1A-1 Certificateholders (subject to the
last paragraph under "--Allocation of Amount Available"), to be
applied to reduce the Class 1A-1 Principal Balance until the Class
1A-1 Principal Balance has been reduced to zero and to make payments
in respect of the amounts described in clauses (iii) (to the extent
the amounts described in clause (iii) represent prior Insured
Payments or interest thereon) and (v) of the definition of Class A
Principal Remittance Amount with respect to the Class 1A-1
Certificates below, the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Net Excess Amount
Available with respect to Sub-Pool 1 after payments
described in clauses (Y)(i) through (vi) above; and
(B) the balance of the related Class A Principal
Remittance Amount after payments described in clause
(Y)(vi) above;
(viii) at such time as the Class 1A-1 Principal Balance has
been reduced to zero, to the Class 1A-2 Certificateholders (subject
to the last paragraph under "--Allocation of Amount Available") to be
applied to reduce the Class 1A-2 Principal Balance until the Class
1A-2 Principal Balance has been reduced to zero and to make payments
in respect of the amounts described in clauses (iii) (to the extent
the amounts described in clause (iii) represents prior Insured
Payments or interest thereon) and (v) of the definition of Class A
Principal Remittance Amount with respect to the Class 1A-2
Certificates below, the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Net Excess Amount
Available after payments described in clauses (Y)(i)
through (vii) above; and
(B) the balance of the related Class A Principal
Remittance Amount after payments described in clauses
(Y)(vi) and (vii) above;
(ix) at such time as the Class 1A-2 Principal Balance has
been reduced to zero, to the Class 1A-3 Certificateholders (subject
to the last paragraph under "--Allocation of Amount Available") to be
applied to reduce the Class 1A-3 Principal Balance until the Class
1A-3 Principal Balance has been reduced to zero and to make payments
in respect of the amounts described in clauses (iii) (to the extent
the amounts described in clause (iii) represents prior Insured
Payments or interest thereon) and (v) of the definition of Class A
Principal Remittance Amount with respect to the Class 1A-3
Certificates below, the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Net Excess Amount
Available after payments described in clauses (Y)(i)
through (viii) above; and
(B) the balance of the related Class A Principal
Remittance Amount after payments made described in clauses
(Y)(vi) through (viii) above;
(x) at such time as the Class 1A-3 Principal Balance has
been reduced to zero, to the Class 1A-4 Certificateholders (subject
to the last paragraph under "--Allocation of Amount Available") to be
applied to reduce the Class 1A-4 Principal Balance until the Class
1A-4 Principal Balance has been reduced to zero and to make payments
in respect of the amounts described in clauses (iii) (to the extent
the amounts described in clause (iii) represents prior Insured
Payments or interest thereon) and (v) of the definition of Class A
Principal Remittance Amount with respect to the Class 1A-4
Certificates below, the lesser of:
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(A) the balance of the Net Excess Amount
Available after payments described in clauses (Y)(i)
through (ix) above; and
(B) the balance of the related Class A Principal
Remittance Amount after payments described in clauses
(Y)(vi) through (ix) above;
(xi) at such time as the Class 1A-4 Principal Balance has
been reduced to zero, to the Class 1A-5 Certificateholders (subject
to the last paragraph under "--Allocation of Amount Available") to be
applied to reduce the Class 1A-5 Principal Balance until the Class
1A-5 Principal Balance has been reduced to zero and to make payments
in respect of the amounts described in clauses (iii) (to the extent
the amounts described in clause (iii) represents prior Insured
Payments or interest thereon) and (v) of the definition of Class A
Principal Remittance Amount with respect to the Class 1A-5
Certificates below, the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Net Excess Amount
Available after payments described in clauses (Y)(i)
through (x) above; and
(B) the balance of the related Class A Principal
Remittance Amount after payments described in clauses
(Y)(vi) through (x) above;
(xii) to the Sub-Pool 1 Trustee Expense Account, an amount
equal to the lesser of the balance of the Amount Available with
respect to Sub-Pool 1 after payments described in clauses (Y)(i)
through (xi) above and any accrued and unpaid Annual Trustee Expense
Amount with respect to Sub-Pool 1;
(xiii) to the Servicer and/or the Depositor, an amount
equal to the lesser of the balance of the Amount Available with
respect to Sub-Pool 1 after payments described in clauses (Y)(i)
through (xii) above and any expenses paid by the Servicer and/or
Depositor that were incurred in connection with any third party
claims that remain unreimbursed;
(xiv) to the Servicer, an amount equal to the lesser of the
balance of the Amount Available with respect to Sub-Pool 1 after
payments described in clauses (Y)(i) through (xiii) above and the
aggregate of any Nonrecoverable Servicing Advances and Nonrecoverable
Monthly Advances with respect to Sub-Pool 1 previously made by the
Servicer and not previously reimbursed;
(xv) to the Class R Certificateholders, the balance of the
Amount Available with respect to Sub-Pool 1 after payments described
in clauses (Y)(i) through (xiv) above, if any.
SUB-POOL 2
With respect to the Class 2A Certificates and Sub-Pool 2:
If the Remittance Date is prior to the Cross-Over Date, the Trustee
shall distribute the indicated amounts in the following order of priority:
(X) (i) to the Class 2A Certificateholders (subject to the
second and last paragraphs under "--Allocation of Amount Available"),
an amount equal to the lesser of:
(A) the Amount Available with respect to Sub-Pool
2; and
(B) the Class A Interest Remittance Amount with
respect to the Class 2A Certificates;
(ii) to the Class 2A Certificateholders (subject to the
last paragraph under "--Allocation of Amount Available"), to be
applied to reduce the Class 2A Principal Balance, to the extent
described below, until the Class 2A Principal Balance thereof is
reduced to zero and to make payments in respect of the amounts
described in clauses (iii) (to the extent the amount in clause (iii)
represents prior Insured Payments or interest thereon) and (v) of the
definition of Class A Principal Remittance Amount with respect to the
Class 2A Certificates below, the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available after
payments described in clause (X)(i) above; and
(B) the related Class A Principal Remittance
Amount with respect to the Class 2A Certificates;
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(iii) to the Sub-Pool 2 Trustee Expense Account, an amount
equal to the lesser of the balance of the Amount Available with
respect to Sub-Pool 2 after payments described in clauses (X)(i) and
(ii) above and any accrued and unpaid Annual Trustee Expense Amount
with respect to Sub-Pool 2 ;
(iv) to the Class 2A Certificateholders to be applied to
reduce the Class 2A Principal Balance until the Class 2A Principal
Balance has been reduced to zero, an amount equal to the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Amount Available with
respect to Sub-Pool 2 after payments described in clauses
(X)(i) through (iii) above; and
(B) the Additional Principal with respect to
Sub-Pool 2;
(v) to the Servicer and/or the Depositor, an amount equal
to the lesser of the balance of the Amount Available with respect to
Sub-Pool 2 after payments described in clauses (X)(i) through (iv)
above and any expenses paid by the Servicer and/or Depositor that
were incurred in connection with any third party claims that remain
unreimbursed;
(vi) to the Servicer, an amount equal to the lesser of the
balance of the Amount Available with respect to Sub-Pool 2 after
payments described in clauses (X)(i) through (v) above and the
aggregate of any Nonrecoverable Servicing Advances and Nonrecoverable
Monthly Advances with respect to Sub-Pool 2 previously made by the
Servicer and not previously reimbursed; and
(vii) to the Class R Certificateholders, the balance of the
Amount Available with respect to Sub-Pool 2, if any, after payments
described in clauses (X)(i) through (vi) above.
If the Remittance Date is on or after the Cross-Over Date, the
Trustee shall distribute the indicated amounts in the following order of
priority:
(Y) (i) to the Class 2A Certificateholders (subject to the
second and last paragraphs under "--Allocation of Amount Available"),
the lesser of:
(A) the Amount Available with respect to Sub-Pool
2; and
(B) the related Class A Interest Remittance
Amount with respect to the Class 2A Certificates;
(ii) to the Class 2A Certificateholders (subject to the
last paragraph under "--Allocation of Amount Available"), to be
applied to reduce the Class 2A Principal Balance until the Class 2A
Principal Balance has been reduced to zero and to make payments in
respect of the amounts described in clauses (iii) (to the extent the
amounts described in clause (iii) represent prior Insured Payments or
interest thereon) and (v) of the definition of Class A Principal
Remittance Amount with respect to the Class 2A Certificates below,
the lesser of:
(A) the balance of the Net Excess Amount
Available after payments described in clause (Y)(i) above;
and
(B) the related Class A Principal Remittance
Amount with respect to the Class 2A Certificates;
(iii) to the Sub-Pool 2 Trustee Expense Account, an amount
equal to the lesser of the balance of the Amount Available with
respect to Sub-Pool 2 after payments described in clauses (Y)(i) and
(ii) above and any accrued and unpaid Annual Trustee Expense Amount
with respect to Sub-Pool 2;
(iv) to the Servicer and/or the Depositor, an amount equal
to the lesser of the balance of the Amount Available with respect to
Sub-Pool 2 after payments described in clauses (Y)(i) through (iii)
above and any expenses paid by the Servicer and/or Depositor that
were incurred in connection with any third party claims that remain
unreimbursed;
(v) to the Servicer, an amount equal to the lesser of the
balance of the Amount Available with respect to Sub-Pool 2 after
payments described in clauses (Y)(i) through (iv) above and the
aggregate of
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any Nonrecoverable Servicing Advances and Nonrecoverable Monthly
Advances with respect to Sub-Pool 2 previously made by the Servicer
and not previously reimbursed; and
(vi) to the Class R Certificateholders, the balance of the
Amount Available with respect to Sub-Pool 2 after payments described
in clauses (Y)(i) through (v) above, if any.
The Pooling Agreement provides that to the extent the Certificate
Insurer makes Insured Payments with respect to a Class of Class A Certificates,
the Certificate Insurer (i) will be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of
such Class A Certificates with respect to such Insured Payments, (ii) shall be
deemed, to the extent of the payments so made, to be a registered Holder of such
Class A Certificates and (iii) shall be entitled to reimbursement for such
Insured Payments, with interest accrued thereon at the weighted average of the
related Class A Pass-Through Rates in the case of the Class 1A Certificates and
at the Class 2A Pass-Through Rate in the case of the Class 2A Certificates, on
each Remittance Date after the related Class A Certificateholders have received
the related Class A Remittance Amount (exclusive of any related Class A
Carry-Forward Amount representing amounts previously paid to such
Certificateholders as Insured Payments or interest accrued in respect of such
Insured Payments) for such Remittance Date.
The Certificate Insurer does not guarantee payment of any portion of
the Class 1A-5 Lockout Remittance Amount that is in excess of the Class A
Principal Remittance Amount with respect to Sub-Pool 1 for any Remittance Date.
DEFINITIONS
The "Additional Principal" for the Class 1A or Class 2A Certificates
and any Remittance Date will equal the lesser of (i) the amount necessary to
reduce the related Class 1A or Class 2A Principal Balance so that the
Overcollateralization Amount for the related Sub-Pool equals the related
Required Overcollateralization Amount for such Sub-Pool and (ii) the sum of (a)
the Remaining Net Excess Spread for such Sub-Pool, (b) the Available Transfer
Cashflow for such Sub-Pool and (c) the Net Excess Principal for such Sub-Pool.
The "Amount Available" for a Sub-Pool on a Remittance Date will equal
the sum of:
(i) the Available Remittance Amount for such Sub-Pool
(reduced by any monthly premium payable to the Certificate Insurer);
(ii) the Excess Spread for such Sub-Pool with respect to
such Remittance Date;
(iii) if an Available Funds Shortfall exists in such
Sub-Pool,
(a) first, the Net Excess Spread from the other
Sub-Pool, to the extent of such Available Funds Shortfall;
(b) second, the Excess Principal from the other
Sub-Pool, to the extent of any remaining Available Funds
Shortfall; and
(c) third, any amounts in respect of any
remaining Available Funds Shortfall withdrawn from the
related Reserve Account and deposited in the applicable
Certificate Account (as described below under the caption
"--Reserve Account");
(iv) (a) first, the Available Transfer Cashflow, to the
extent necessary to reach the Required Overcollateralization Amount
for such Sub-Pool; and
(b) second, the Net Excess Principal, to the
extent necessary to reach the Required
Overcollateralization Amount for such Sub-Pool; and
(v) any Insured Payments with respect to the related Class
of Certificates.
An "Available Funds Shortfall" with respect to any Sub-Pool and
Remittance Date means the amount by which the Available Remittance Amount plus
Excess Spread for such Sub-Pool is less than the Required Payments (other than
in respect of the Class A Principal Remittance Amount after the related
Cross-Over Date) for such Sub-Pool.
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The "Available Principal Amount" for any Sub-Pool and Remittance Date
will equal the excess, if any, of the amount described in the related definition
of "Class A Principal Remittance Amount" without giving effect to clause (a)
thereof over the amount described in the definition of "Class A Principal
Remittance Amount" after giving effect to clause (a) thereof.
The "Available Remittance Amount" with respect to any Sub-Pool and
Remittance Date will be the sum of the following:
(i) the sum of all amounts received or required to be paid
by the Servicer, the Depositor or any Sub-Servicer in respect of the
related Mortgage Loans (exclusive of (a) the Depositor's Yield, (b)
the Excess Spread, (c) amounts withdrawn by the Servicer from the
related Principal and Interest Account as set forth in clauses (ii),
(iii), (iv), (v) and (vi) above under the caption "--The Principal
and Interest Accounts" and any amounts not required to be deposited
therein and (d) scheduled payments received in advance of their due
date for application on such due date at the request of the related
Mortgagor) during the related Due Period (or, in the case of amounts
paid by the Depositor in connection with the purchase or substitution
of a Mortgage Loan as to which there is defective loan documentation
or a breach of representation or warranty, as of the related
Determination Date) and deposited into the related Principal and
Interest Account as of the related Determination Date;
(ii) the amount of any Advances and Compensating Interest
payments with respect to the related Sub-Pool remitted by the
Servicer for such Remittance Date; and
(iii) any amount applied by the Trustee from funds on
deposit in the related Interest Coverage Account to cover shortfalls
in interest on the related Classes of Class A Certificates
attributable to the pre-funding feature.
The "Available Transfer Cashflow" for each Sub-Pool and Remittance
Date will equal the Remaining Net Excess Spread for the other Sub-Pool remaining
after the payment, if any, of Additional Principal on the Classes of Class A
Certificates related to such other Sub-Pool.
The "Class 1A-1 Pass-Through Rate" for any Remittance Date will be a
rate equal to the least of (i) One-Month LIBOR plus 0.12% per annum, (ii) the
weighted average of the Mortgage Rates of the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans minus,
with respect to Sub-Pool 1, the sum of (a) the Servicing Fee Rate, (b) the rate
at which the monthly premium payable to the Certificate Insurer is calculated
and (c) the rate at which the Annual Trustee Expense Account is calculated and
(iii) 10.50% per annum (the "Class 1A-1 Cap Rate"); provided, however, that on
any Remittance Date on which the Servicer does not exercise its option to
purchase the Mortgage Loans and REO Properties as described under "Pooling
Agreement--Termination; Purchase of the Mortgage Loans" herein, the rate
provided in clause (i) will be One-Month LIBOR plus 0.52% per annum. One-Month
LIBOR will be determined on the second Business Day preceding the beginning of
each Accrual Period with respect to the Class 1A-1 Certificates. For purposes of
calculating the Class 1A-1 Pass-Through Rate for any Remittance Date, because
most of the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans do not provide for the calculation of
interest on an Actual/360 Basis (which is the basis on which interest is
calculated on the Class 1A-1 Certificates), the basis on which interest is
computed on the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans will be deemed adjusted to an
Actual/360 Basis that will result in the same amount of interest being due as
would be due using the method of computation of interest that is used to
calculate interest on the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans.
The "Class 1A-2 Pass-Through Rate" for any Remittance Date will be a
rate equal to 6.67% per annum; provided, however, on any Remittance Date on
which the Servicer does not exercise its option to purchase the Mortgage Loans
and REO Properties as described under "Pooling Agreement--Termination; Purchase
of the Mortgage Loans" herein, the rate will be increased by 0.40% per annum.
The "Class 1A-3 Pass-Through Rate" for any Remittance Date will be a
rate equal to 6.76% per annum; provided, however, on any Remittance Date on
which the Servicer does not exercise its option to purchase the Mortgage Loans
and REO Properties as described under "Pooling Agreement--Termination; Purchase
of the Mortgage Loans" herein, the rate will be increased by 0.40% per annum.
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The "Class 1A-4 Pass-Through Rate" for any Remittance Date will be a
rate equal to 7.04% per annum; provided, however, on any Remittance Date on
which the Servicer does not exercise its option to purchase the Mortgage Loans
and REO Properties as described under "Pooling Agreement--Termination; Purchase
of the Mortgage Loans" herein, the rate will be increased by 0.40% per annum.
The "Class 1A-5 Pass-Through Rate" for any Remittance Date will be a
rate equal to 6.97% per annum; provided, however, on any Remittance Date on
which the Servicer does not exercise its option to purchase the Mortgage Loans
and REO Properties as described under "Pooling Agreement--Termination; Purchase
of the Mortgage Loans" herein, the rate will be increased by 0.40% per annum.
The "Class 1A-5 Certificate Amount" for any Remittance Date is an
amount equal to the product of (x) a fraction, the numerator of which is the
Class 1A-5 Principal Balance immediately preceding such Remittance Date and the
denominator of which is the aggregate Class 1A Principal Balance of all Class 1A
Certificates immediately preceding such Remittance Date and (y) the Class A
Principal Remittance Amount with respect to Sub-Pool 1 for such Remittance Date.
The "Class 1A-5 Lockout Percentage" for any Remittance Date occurring
during the periods set forth below will be as follows:
Period (dates inclusive) Class 1A-5 Lockout Percentage
------------------------ -----------------------------
July 25, 1997-June 2000.................. 0%
July 2000-June 2002...................... 45%
July 2002-June 2003...................... 80%
July 2003-June 2004...................... 100%
July 2004 and thereafter................. 300%
The "Class 1A-5 Lockout Remittance Amount" for any Remittance Date
will be an amount equal to the product of (x) the Class 1A-5 Lockout Percentage
and (y) the Class 1A-5 Certificate Amount for such Remittance Date.
The "Class 2A Pass-Through Rate" for any particular Remittance Date
will be equal to the least of (i) One-Month LIBOR plus 0.24% per annum and (ii)
the weighted average of the Mortgage Rates of the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans
minus, with respect to Sub-Pool 2, the sum of (a) the Servicing Fee Rate, (b)
the rate at which the monthly premium payable to the Certificate Insurer is
calculated, (c) the rate at which the Annual Trustee Expense Account is
calculated and (d) 0.50% per annum; provided, that on any Remittance Date on
which the Servicer does not exercise its option to purchase the Mortgage Loans
and REO Properties as described under "Pooling Agreement-Termination; Purchase
of the Mortgage Loans" herein, the rate provided in clause (i) will be One-Month
LIBOR plus 0.64% per annum. One-Month LIBOR will be determined on the second
Business Day preceding the beginning of each Accrual Period with respect to the
Class 2A Certificates. For purposes of calculating the Class 2A Pass-Through
Rate for any Remittance Date, because the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans provide for
the calculation of interest on a basis other than a 360-day year and the actual
number of days elapsed (which is the basis on which interest is calculated on
the Class 2A Certificates), the basis on which interest is computed on the
Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans will be deemed adjusted to an Actual/360 Basis that
will result in the same amount of interest being due as would be due using the
method of computation of interest that is used to calculate interest on the
Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans.
The "Class A Carry-Forward Amount", with respect to either the Class
1A or Class 2A Certificates and for any Remittance Date, is the sum of (i) the
amount, if any, by which (A) the related Class A Remittance Amount with respect
to all related Classes of Class A Certificates as of the immediately preceding
Remittance Date exceeded (B) the amount of the actual distribution, exclusive of
any related Insured Payment, to the related Classes of Class A
Certificateholders made on such immediately preceding Remittance Date and (ii)
interest on the amount, if any, described in clause (i) above (to the extent
that the amount in clause (i) above represents Insured Payments), at the
weighted average of the Class 1A-1 Pass-Through Rate, the Class 1A-2
Pass-Through Rate, the Class 1A-3 Pass-Through Rate, the Class 1A-4 Pass-Through
Rate and the Class 1A-5 Pass-Through Rate with respect to Sub-Pool 1, and the
Class 2A Pass-Through Rate with respect to Sub-Pool 2 from such immediately
preceding Remittance Date.
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The "Class A Interest Remittance Amount" with respect to the Class
1A-1 Certificates for any Remittance Date will be the interest accrued at the
Class 1A-1 Pass-Through Rate for the related Accrual Period on the Class 1A-1
Principal Balance immediately prior to such Remittance Date; with respect to any
Class of Class 1A Certificates, other than the Class 1A-1 Certificates, for any
Remittance Date will be 30 days' interest at the related Class 1A Pass-Through
Rate on the related Class 1A Principal Balance immediately prior to such
Remittance Date; and with respect to the Class 2A Certificates for any
Remittance Date will be the interest accrued at the Class 2A Pass-Through Rate
for the related Accrual Period on the Class 2A Principal Balance immediately
prior to such Remittance Date. All calculations of interest on the Class 1A-1
and Class 2A Certificates will be computed on the basis of the actual number of
days elapsed in the related Accrual Period and in a year of 360 days.
The "Class A Principal Balance" for any Class of Class A Certificates
as of any date of determination is equal to the related initial Class A
Principal Balance reduced by the sum of (A) all amounts (including that portion
of Insured Payments, if any, made in respect of principal) distributed to such
Class A Certificateholders in respect of principal on all previous Remittance
Dates on account of amounts described in clauses (i), (ii), (iii) (to the extent
the amount in clause (iii) represents a right to receive principal not
previously covered by Insured Payments), (iv) and (vi) of the definition of
Class A Principal Remittance Amount, (B) all other amounts previously
distributed to the related Class A Certificateholders constituting Additional
Principal in reduction of the related Class A Principal Balance and (C) all
amounts previously distributed to the related Class A Certificateholders as a
mandatory prepayment as described below under "--Mandatory Prepayments on Class
A Certificates" (only on the Remittance Date occurring on August 25, 1997).
The "Class A Principal Remittance Amount" with respect to any
Sub-Pool and Remittance Date will be equal to the least of (a) that amount
required to reach the Required Overcollateralization Amount with respect to such
Sub-Pool, or thereafter, to maintain such Required Overcollateralization Amount
on such Remittance Date, (b) the sum of the related Class A Principal Balance
with respect to all related Classes of Class A Certificates and the amounts
described in clauses (iii) (to the extent the amount in clause (iii) represents
prior Insured Payments with respect to the related Sub-Pool or interest thereon)
and (v) below and (c) the sum of the following amounts:
(i) the principal portion of all scheduled and unscheduled
payments received on the related Mortgage Loans during the Due Period
including all Principal Prepayments, Curtailments, other excess
payments of principal in respect of the related Mortgage Loans,
Insurance Proceeds, Released Mortgaged Property Proceeds and Net
Liquidation Proceeds;
(ii) an amount equal to the Unrecovered Class A Portion
with respect to the related Sub-Pool;
(iii) the Class A Carry-Forward Amount with respect to the
related Sub-Pool;
(iv) the principal portion of all proceeds deposited in the
Principal and Interest Account with respect to the related Sub-Pool
as of the related Determination Date in connection with the purchase
or substitution of a Mortgage Loan as to which there is defective
loan documentation or a breach of a representation or warranty;
(v) any amounts recovered from the related Class A
Certificateholders during the related Due Period that constituted a
Mortgagor payment on a related Mortgage Loan or an Advance with
respect to the related Sub-Pool that was recovered as a voidable
preference by a trustee in bankruptcy pursuant to the United States
Bankruptcy Code in accordance with a final, nonappealable order of a
court having competent jurisdiction; and
(vi) the amount, if any, by which (A) the related Class A
Principal Balance with respect to all related Classes of Class A
Certificates immediately prior to such Remittance Date minus the
amounts to be distributed on such Remittance Date pursuant to clauses
(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) above and pursuant to clauses (X)(vi)
through (X)(xi) above under "--Allocation of Amount
Available--Sub-Pool 1" and clause (X)(ii) above under "--Allocation
of Amount Available--Sub-Pool 2" and applied to reduce the related
Class A Principal Balance with respect to all related Classes of
Class A Certificates, exceeds (B) the related Scheduled Class A
Principal Balance for such Remittance Date as set forth in the
related Principal Payment
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Table (the "Principal Payment Table") attached as an exhibit to the
Pooling Agreement and provided by the Certificate Insurer.
As to the final Remittance Date in connection with the purchase by
the Servicer of all the related Mortgage Loans and REO Properties pursuant to
the Pooling Agreement, the related Class A Principal Remittance Amount shall be
that amount described in clause (b) of the definition of Class A Principal
Remittance Amount above with respect to the related Sub-Pool and such Remittance
Date.
The "Class A Remittance Amount" for any Class of Class A Certificates
and any Remittance Date is equal to the sum of the related Class A Interest
Remittance Amount and the related Class A Principal Remittance Amount for such
Remittance Date.
The "Cross-Over Date" with respect to a Sub-Pool is the date on and
after which the amount specified by the Certificate Insurer and set forth in the
Insurance Agreement, among the Depositor, the Servicer, the Certificate Insurer
and the Trustee (the "Subordinated Amount"), is reduced to zero.
The "Excess Principal" for any Sub-Pool and Remittance Date will
equal the lesser of (i) the portion, if any, of the Available Principal Amount
for such Sub-Pool that is not required to be included in the related Class A
Principal Remittance Amount for such Sub-Pool for such Remittance Date as a
result of the application of clause (a) of the related definition of "Class A
Principal Remittance Amount" and (ii) the amount of such portion described in
clause (i) remaining after the application of the related Available Remittance
Amount to cover the Required Payments for such Sub-Pool.
The "Excess Spread" with respect to Sub-Pool 1, for any Remittance
Date, is an amount equal to the sum of (a) the excess of (x) all payments
received or advanced on account of interest on the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans
during the related Due Period over (y) the sum of (i) the sum of the related
Class A Interest Remittance Amounts for the Class 1A-1, Class 1A-2, Class 1A-3,
Class 1A-4 and Class 1A-5 Certificates for such Remittance Date, (ii)
one-twelfth of the Annual Trustee Expense Amount with respect to Sub-Pool 1,
(iii) the monthly premium payable to the Certificate Insurer with respect to
Sub-Pool 1, and (iv) the Servicing Fee with respect to Sub-Pool 1 for such
Remittance Date and (b) with respect to the July 25, 1997 and August 25, 1997
Remittance Dates only, an amount with respect to the Pre-Funded Amount
determined by the Certificate Insurer and deposited into the Interest Coverage
Account by the Depositor on the Closing Date.
The "Excess Spread" with respect to Sub-Pool 2, for any Remittance
Date, is an amount equal to the sum of (a) the excess of (x) all payments
received or advanced on account of interest on the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans
during the related Due Period over (y) the sum of (i) the Class A Interest
Remittance Amount for the Class 2A Certificates for such Remittance Date, (ii)
one-twelfth of the Annual Trustee Expense Amount with respect to Sub-Pool 2,
(iii) the monthly premium payable to the Certificate Insurer with respect to
Sub-Pool 2, and (iv) the Servicing Fee with respect to Sub-Pool 2 for such
Remittance Date and (b) with respect to the July 25, 1997 and August 25, 1997
Remittance Dates only, an amount with respect to the Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funded
Amount determined by the Certificate Insurer and deposited into the Sub-Pool 2
Interest Coverage Account by the Depositor on the Closing Date.
The "Net Excess Amount Available" is the sum of the amounts described
in clauses (i) and (v) of the definition of Amount Available.
The "Net Excess Principal" for any Sub-Pool and Remittance Date will
equal the Excess Principal for such Sub-Pool remaining after the application
thereof to cover an Available Funds Shortfall with respect to the other
Sub-Pool.
The "Net Excess Spread" for any Sub-Pool and Remittance Date will
equal the Excess Spread for such Sub-Pool remaining after the application
thereof to cover an Available Funds Shortfall with respect to such Sub-Pool.
The "Overcollateralization Amount" for any Sub-Pool and Remittance
Date will equal the excess, if any, of (i) the sum of (a) the related Sub-Pool
Principal Balance, (b) the related Pre-Funded Amount and (c) the amount, if any,
on deposit in the Reserve Account for such Sub-Pool over (ii) the Class A
Principal Balance with respect
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to all related Classes of Class A Certificates after giving effect to the
distributions of the related Class A Principal Remittance Amount on such
Remittance Date.
The "Remaining Net Excess Spread" for any Sub-Pool and Remittance
Date will equal the Net Excess Spread for such Sub-Pool remaining after the
application thereof to cover an Available Funds Shortfall with respect to the
other Sub-Pool.
The "Required Overcollateralization Amount" for any Sub-Pool is the
Overcollateralization Amount required by the Certificate Insurer at any time and
set forth in the Insurance Agreement.
The "Required Payments" for any Sub-Pool and Remittance Date will
equal the amount required to pay the related Class A Interest Remittance Amount
with respect to all related Classes of Class A Certificates, the related Class A
Principal Remittance Amount with respect to all related Classes of Class A
Certificates, the Annual Trustee Expense Amount and the premium payable to the
Certificate Insurer.
The "Scheduled Class A Principal Balance" with respect to either the
Class 1A or Class 2A Certificates specified in the Principal Payment Table for
the Remittance Date in each of the months commencing with July 25, 1997 and
ending with June 25, 2002, inclusive, is equal to the initial related Class 1A
or Class 2A Principal Balance; and the related Scheduled Class A Principal
Balance specified in the related Principal Payment Table for the Remittance Date
in each of the months commencing after June 25, 2002 is computed based upon the
assumed related Class 1A or Class 2A Principal Balance on such date based upon
(i) a 0% Prepayment Assumption, (ii) a weighted average coupon (A) with respect
to the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans of 12.06% for Balloon Loans and 11.03% for
non-Balloon Loans and (B) with respect to the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans of
10.05%, (ii) a weighted average amortization term (A) with respect to the
Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans of 238 months for Balloon Loans and 360 months for
non-Balloon Loans, and in the case of Balloon Loans, a balloon payment of
principal due in 180 months and an otherwise normal amortization of the Sub-Pool
1 Mortgage Loans since the Cut-off Date and (B) with respect to the Sub-Pool 2
Mortgage Loans, a weighted average amortization term of 348 months.
The "Unrecovered Class A Portion" with respect to either the Class 1A
or Class 2A Certificates and any Remittance Date is an amount equal to the
excess, if any, of (A) the related Class A Principal Balance with respect to all
related Classes of Class A Certificates minus the sum of (i) all amounts
(excluding that portion of Insured Payments with respect to the related
Sub-Pool, if any, to be made in respect of principal) to be distributed to the
related Class A Certificateholders in respect of principal on such Remittance
Date on account of amounts described in clauses (i), (iii) (to the extent the
amount in clause (iii) represents a right to receive principal not previously
covered by an Insured Payment), (iv) and (vi) of the definition of Class A
Principal Remittance Amount, (ii) all other amounts to be distributed to the
related Classes of Class A Certificateholders constituting Additional Principal
to the extent necessary to reach the Required Overcollateralization Amount for
the related Sub-Pool and (iii) all amounts distributed to the related Classes of
Class A Certificateholders as a mandatory prepayment as described below under
"--Mandatory Prepayments on Class A Certificates" (only on the Remittance Date
occurring on August 25, 1997), over (B) the sum of (i) the related Sub-Pool
Principal Balance plus (ii) the related Pre-Funded Amount minus the sum of (x)
the principal portion of the monthly payments received during the related Due
Period and deposited in the related Principal and Interest Account and all
Principal Prepayments, Curtailments, other excess payments of principal,
Insurance Proceeds, Net Liquidation Proceeds, Released Mortgaged Property
Proceeds and net income from any REO Property with respect to the related
Sub-Pool Mortgage Loans to the extent applied by the Servicer as recoveries of
principal in respect of the related Mortgage Loans, which will be distributed to
the related Classes of Class A Certificateholders on such Remittance Date, plus
(y) the aggregate of, as to each related Mortgage Loan which was liquidated
(each, a "Liquidated Mortgage Loan") during the related Due Period, an amount
(not less than zero or greater than the related principal balance) equal to the
excess of (i) the principal balance of such Liquidated Mortgage Loan over (ii)
the principal portion of the related Net Liquidation Proceeds to be distributed
to the related Classes of Class A Certificateholders on such Remittance Date.
MANDATORY PREPAYMENTS ON CLASS A CERTIFICATES
Each Class of the Class A Certificates will be prepaid, on a pro rata
basis, on the August 25, 1997 Remittance Date to the extent that any amount
remains on deposit in the related Pre-Funding Account with respect to the
related Sub-Pool on such Remittance Date. The related Class 1A or Class 2A
Principal Balance will be
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reduced by an amount equal to the lesser of (i) the amount then on deposit in
the related Pre-Funding Account and (ii) the related outstanding Class 1A or
Class 2A Principal Balance. Although no assurance can be given, it is
anticipated by the Depositor that the principal amount of related Subsequent
Mortgage Loans sold to the Trust Fund will require the application of
substantially all of the related Original Pre-Funded Amounts and that there
should be no material amount of principal prepaid to the related Class A
Certificateholders from the related Pre-Funding Accounts. However, it is
unlikely that the Depositor will be able to deliver related Subsequent Mortgage
Loans with an aggregate principal balance identical to the related Original
Pre-Funded Amounts.
INTEREST COVERAGE ACCOUNT
The Depositor will establish for the benefit of each Class of the
Class A Certificateholders a trust account for each Sub-Pool (with respect to
Sub-Pool 1, the "Sub-Pool 1 Interest Coverage Account"; with respect to Sub-Pool
2, the "Sub-Pool 2 Interest Coverage Account"; each an "Interest Coverage
Account"). On the Closing Date, the Depositor will deposit in each such account
a cash amount as required by the Certificate Insurer and specified in the
Pooling Agreement (with respect to Sub-Pool 1, the "Sub-Pool 1 Interest Coverage
Amount"; with respect to Sub-Pool 2, the "Sub-Pool 2 Interest Coverage Amount";
each, an "Interest Coverage Amount"). Funds on deposit in the related Interest
Coverage Account will be applied by the Trustee to cover shortfalls in the
related Class A Interest Remittance Amount attributable to the pre-funding
feature during the Funding Period. Such shortfall initially will exist during
the Funding Period because while the related Class A Certificateholders are
entitled to receive interest accruing on the related Class 1A or Class 2A
Principal Balance, the related Class 1A and Class 2A Principal Balance during
the Funding Period will be greater than the aggregate principal balance of the
Initial Mortgage Loans with respect to such Sub-Pool on the Closing Date. Upon
conveyance of related Subsequent Mortgage Loans to the Trust Fund, funds on
deposit in the related Interest Coverage Account will be released by the Trustee
to the Depositor to the extent not necessary to cover such shortfalls.
ADVANCES
Not later than the close of business on the twenty-second day of each
month (or if such day is not a Business Day, on the following Business Day) (the
"Determination Date"), the Servicer shall remit to the Trustee for deposit in
the Certificate Account with respect to the related Sub-Pool an amount (an
"Advance"), to be distributed on the related Remittance Date, equal to the sum
of (a) the interest portions of the aggregate amount of monthly payments on the
Mortgage Loans with respect to the related Sub-Pool (net of the Servicing Fee,
the Annual Trustee Expense Amount and, after the Cross-Over Date, the Excess
Spread) due during the related Due Period, but delinquent as of the close of
business on the first day of the month in which such Remittance Date occurs, (b)
with respect to each REO Property that was acquired during or prior to the
related Due Period and which was not disposed of during such Due Period, an
amount equal to the excess, if any, of interest on the principal balance deemed
to apply to such REO Property for the most recently ended calendar month at the
related Mortgage Rate (net of the Servicing Fee, the Annual Trustee Expense
Amount and, after the Cross-Over Date, the Excess Spread) over the net income
from such property for such Due Period, (c) with respect to each Remittance
Date, the amount necessary on the first, second, third and fourth Remittance
Dates to pay 30 days' interest with respect to each non-delinquent newly
originated Mortgage Loan in the related Sub-Pool that has not had a first
payment date as of the Closing Date (net of the Servicing Fee and the Annual
Trustee Expense Amount) and (d) with respect to each Remittance Date, if
pursuant to the Pooling Agreement the Servicer has previously reimbursed itself
for an Advance described in clause (c) above, then an amount equal to such
amount previously reimbursed. The Servicer is required to make an Advance out of
its own funds or out of funds in the Principal and Interest Account with respect
to the related Sub-Pool that do not constitute the related Amount Available with
respect to the related Sub-Pool for such Remittance Date.
EXCESS SPREAD, OVERCOLLATERALIZATION AND CROSS-COLLATERALIZATION PROVISIONS
On any Remittance Date prior to the Cross-Over Date, Holders of the
Class 1A and Class 2A Certificates will have a first priority right to 100% of
the related Excess Spread to fund the amount by which the related Class A
Remittance Amount with respect to all related Classes of Class A Certificates,
exceeds the related Available Remittance Amount for such Remittance Date. To the
extent available, the Net Excess Spread and Excess Principal
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with respect to a Sub-Pool will then be applied to cover any Available Funds
Shortfall with respect to the other Sub-Pool.
In addition, on any Remittance Date prior to the Cross-Over Date on
which the Overcollateralization Amount for a Sub-Pool is less than the Required
Overcollateralization Amount for such Sub-Pool, the Remaining Net Excess Spread,
the Available Transfer Cashflow, and the Net Excess Principal (the "Additional
Principal"), if any, will be used to make additional distributions of principal
on the related Classes of Class A Certificates until such Overcollateralization
Amount equals the related Required Overcollateralization Amount for such
Sub-Pool.
Credit enhancement with respect to the Class 1A Certificates will be
provided in part by the initial Overcollateralization Amount for Sub-Pool 1
resulting from the sum of the Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance and the
Original Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funded Amount exceeding the initial Class 1A Principal
Balance as of the Closing Date. On the Closing Date, the initial
Overcollateralization Amount with respect to Sub-Pool 1 is expected to be
$1,221,003.03, equal to 0.90% of the sum of the Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal
Balance and the Original Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funded Amount.
Credit enhancement with respect to the Class 2A Certificates will be
provided in part by the initial Overcollateralization Amount for Sub-Pool 2
resulting from the sum of the Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance and the
Original Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funded Amount exceeding the initial Class 2A Principal
Balance as of the Closing Date. On the Closing Date, the initial
Overcollateralization Amount with respect to Sub-Pool 2 is expected to be
$4,472,694.04 equal to 2.6% of the sum of the Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal
Balance and the Original Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funded Amount.
Prior to the related Cross-Over Date, Excess Spread with respect to a
Sub-Pool will be applied first, to cover any Available Funds Shortfall with
respect to such Sub-Pool, second, to cover any Available Funds Shortfall with
respect to the other Sub-Pool, third, to pay the amount of any related accrued
and unpaid Annual Trustee Expense Amount, fourth, to reach and maintain the
Required Overcollateralization Amount for such Sub-Pool, if necessary, fifth, to
reach and maintain the Required Overcollateralization Amount for the other
Sub-Pool, if necessary, and sixth, with respect to the related Sub-Pool, to
reimburse the Servicer for amounts to which it is entitled, and to distribute
any remaining amounts to the Class R Certificateholders. After the Cross-Over
Date, Excess Spread with respect to a Sub-Pool, will be applied, first, to cover
any Available Funds Shortfall (other than in respect of the related Class A
Principal Remittance Amount with respect to the related Sub-Pool), second, to
cover any Available Funds Shortfall with respect to the other Sub-Pool, third,
to pay the amount of any related accrued and unpaid Annual Trustee Expense
Amount, fourth, to reach and maintain the Required Overcollateralization Amount
for the other Sub-Pool, if necessary, and fifth, with respect to the related
Sub-Pool, to reimburse the Servicer, and to distribute any remaining amounts to
the Class R Certificateholders. After the related Cross-Over Date, Net Excess
Spread, Available Transfer Cashflow and Excess Principal, if any, will be
available for the other Sub-Pool to cover an Available Funds Shortfall and for
application to reach the Required Overcollateralization Amount for such other
Sub-Pool.
Application of the Additional Principal will have the effect of
accelerating the rate of payment of principal of the Class A Certificates until
the Cross-Over Date. Application of funds in accordance with the foregoing is
intended to create and maintain a positive Overcollateralization Amount equal to
the Required Overcollateralization Amount and thereby provide a cushion against
ultimate losses rather than to maintain a regular cash flow to Holders of Class
A Certificates or to guarantee against current losses. There can be no assurance
that the Required Overcollateralization Amount will be attained or maintained.
In addition, the Required Overcollateralization Amount may be reduced at the
discretion of the Certificate Insurer.
RESERVE ACCOUNT
If required by the Certificate Insurer for credit enhancement, on the
Closing Date, the Trustee will establish on the Closing Date a reserve account
with respect to each Sub-Pool (with respect to Sub-Pool 1, the "Sub-Pool 1
Reserve Account"; with respect to Sub-Pool 2, the "Sub-Pool 2 Reserve Account";
each, a "Reserve Account") into which it will deposit upon receipt from the
Depositor an amount specified by the Certificate Insurer (with respect to
Sub-Pool 1, the "Sub-Pool 1 Initial Reserve Account Deposit"; with respect to
Sub-Pool 2, the "Sub-Pool 2 Initial Reserve Account Deposit"; each, an "Initial
Reserve Account Deposit"). Prior to the related Cross-Over Date, funds
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on deposit in the Reserve Accounts will be available for withdrawal to fund any
shortfalls between the funds available for distribution to the Holders of the
related Classes of Class A Certificates and the related Class A Remittance
Amount with respect to all related Classes of Class A Certificates. If the
Certificate Insurer has determined that the entire amount of such funds on
deposit therein is not required for credit enhancement and has so directed the
Trustee, the portion of the amount on deposit therein not so required will be
distributed by the Trustee to the Class R Certificateholders on the August 25,
1997 Remittance Date. If amounts on deposit in the related Reserve Account are
available to fund any such shortfall, on each Remittance Date prior to the
Cross-Over Date, funds on deposit in the related Reserve Account equal to the
amount of such shortfall will be withdrawn by the Trustee and deposited into the
related Certificate Account for distribution to the related Class A
Certificateholders. In addition, on any Remittance Date on which the
Overcollateralization Amount for a Sub-Pool exceeds the Required
Overcollateralization Amount for such Sub-Pool, an amount equal to the lesser of
(i) the amount, if any, remaining in the related Reserve Account and (ii) such
excess, will be released to the Class R Certificateholders. On each Remittance
Date, in no event will the sum of (i) the initial Overcollateralization Amount
for a Sub-Pool resulting from the sum of the Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal
Balance and the Original Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funded Amounts or the sum of the
Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance and the Original Sub-Pool 2 PreFunded
Amounts, as the case may be, exceed the related initial Class A Principal
Balance, (ii) the aggregate amount of funds distributed to the related Class A
Certificateholders since the Closing Date from funds in the related Reserve
Account and (iii) the amount of funds distributed to the related Classes of
Class A Certificateholders to produce the related Overcollateralization Amount
since the Closing Date exceed the related Subordinated Amount. The purpose of
the Reserve Accounts is to provide protection, prior to the Cross-Over Date,
against ultimate overall losses on the Mortgage Loans in the related Sub-Pool.
POOLING AGREEMENT
GENERAL
The Certificates will be issued pursuant to a Pooling and Servicing
Agreement (the "Pooling Agreement") dated as of June 1, 1997, among the
Depositor, the Servicer and LaSalle National Bank, as Trustee, a form of which
agreement is filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement of which this
Prospectus Supplement is a part. A copy of the Pooling Agreement as executed
will be included in the Current Report on Form 8-K relating to the Class A
Certificates, which will be filed by the Depositor with the Securities and
Exchange Commission within fifteen days after the initial issuance of the
Certificates. Reference is made to the Prospectus for important information in
addition to that set forth herein regarding the Trust Fund, the terms and
conditions of the Pooling Agreement and the Certificates. The Depositor will
provide to a prospective or actual Certificateholder without charge, on written
request, a copy (without exhibits) of the Pooling Agreement. Requests should be
addressed to Superior Bank FSB, 135 Chestnut Ridge Road, Montvale, New Jersey
07645, Attention: President.
THE SERVICER
For further information regarding the Servicer, see "The Servicer" in
the Prospectus.
The Servicer, as of March 31, 1997, serviced approximately
$2,240,646,204 of mortgage loans (including the Mortgage Loans and mortgage
loans not originated or purchased by the Depositor) for major commercial banks,
savings and loan associations and brokerage houses across the country.
Coupon books are provided for all mortgage loans serviced. Mortgagors
are instructed to forward all payments, along with the appropriate coupons, to a
lockbox account. Available funds are then transferred from the lockbox account
to the related Principal and Interest Account. Ten days after a missed payment,
phone calls to the borrower are initiated by the Servicer and on the sixteenth
day, an automated mailgram is sent. Follow-up calls by experienced collection
personnel are made as required to promote prompt payment and to counsel the
borrower. At the second missed payment, generally, an on-site interview is
scheduled with the borrower and the mortgaged property is inspected. If
foreclosure is necessary, the Servicer's Litigation Department supervises and
monitors all litigation procedures (including bankruptcy proceedings) conducted
by the foreclosing attorneys. If title passes to the mortgagee, the Servicer's
real estate division will immediately insure that the mortgaged property is
preserved
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<PAGE>
and protected. Upon extensive review and analysis, a disposition strategy is
developed and the property is aggressively marketed.
The following table and discussion set forth certain information
concerning the delinquency and loss experience on mortgage loans secured by
single family properties, multifamily properties and mixed residential and
commercial structures (including the Mortgage Loans originated or purchased by
the Depositor and serviced by the Servicer). Since the acquisition of Alliance,
the credit profile of mortgage loans originated or purchased by the Depositor as
compared with mortgage loans originated or purchased by Alliance prior to its
acquisition has changed, in part because a greater proportion of mortgage loans
in more recent periods have been originated under underwriting classes described
herein under "The Depositor-Underwriting Criteria-Sub-Pool 1" and "-Sub-Pool 2"
having generally stricter underwriting criteria. The mortgage loans originated
or purchased since the acquisition of Alliance constitute a majority of all of
the loans now serviced by the Servicer. If the following table were to include
information for periods prior to such acquisition, the table would reflect
higher delinquency and loss experience, attributable in part to inclusion of
mortgage loans originated in such prior periods under underwriting classes
described herein under "The Depositor-Underwriting Criteria-Sub-Pool 1" and
"-Sub-Pool 2" having generally less strict underwriting criteria.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DELINQUENCY AND LOSS EXPERIENCE(1)
($ IN THOUSANDS)
For the Year Ended June 30
--------------------------------------- Nine Months Ended
1994 1995 1996 March 31, 1997
---- ---- ---- --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Total Outstanding Principal Balance........................ $592,360 $913,267 $1,332,113 $1,766,065
Number of Loans............................................ 8,440 12,895 18,420 24,402
Period of Delinquency(2):
30-59 Days(3)
Principal Balance.............................. $ 2,864 $ 7,654 $ 14,299 $ 25,648
Number of Loans................................ 49 93 210 324
Percent Delinquency by Dollar.................. 0.48% 0.84% 1.07% 1.45%
60-89 Days
Principal Balance.............................. $ 531 $ 2,242 $ 6,419 $ 12,841
Number of Loans................................ 7 36 82 136
Percent Delinquency by Dollar.................. 0.09% 0.25% 0.48% 0.73%
90 Days or More
Principal Balance.............................. $ 3,420 $ 14,101 $ 39,110 $ 71,969
Number of Loans................................ 54 192 431 739
Percent Delinquency by Dollar.................. 0.58% 1.54% 2.94% 4.08%
Total Delinquency
Principal Balance.............................. $ 6,815 $ 23,997 $ 59,828 $ 110,458
Number of Loans................................ 110 321 723 1,199
Percent Delinquency by Dollar.................. 1.15% 2.63% 4.49% 6.25%
Average Outstanding Principal Balance...................... $410,653 $768,136 $1,104,163 $1,644,306
Net Gains/(Losses) on Liquidated Loans..................... $ 11 $ (326) $ (1,684) $ (5,276)
Net Gains/(Losses) as a Percent of Average
Outstanding Principal Balance(5)..................... 0.00% (0.04)% (0.15)% (0.43)%
Net Gains/(Losses) on Liquidated Loans
including advances(4)................................ $ 11 $ (326) $ (1,703) $ (5,384)
Net Gains/(Losses) as a Percent
of Average Outstanding
Principal Balance (4)(5)............................. 0.00% (0.04)% (0.15)% (0.44)%
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) This table includes fixed-rate and adjustable-rate mortgage loans.
(2) Includes mortgage loans in the process of foreclosure and mortgaged
properties acquired through foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure.
(3) Represents two payments missed.
(4) Includes all net recorded servicer advances through date of liquidation
less recoveries of such advances. (5) Percentages for the nine month period
ending March 31, 1997 are annualized.
The number of outstanding mortgage loans originated pursuant to the
Adjustable-Rate First Mortgage Program in the Servicer's loan portfolio, and the
total principal balance of such loans, as of March 31, 1997 were approximately
6,085 and $696,176,000, respectively, as of June 30, 1996 were approximately
4,179 and $472,639,000, respectively, as of June 30, 1995 were approximately
2,710 and $291,801,000, respectively, and as of June 30, 1994 were approximately
1,978 and $200,290,000, respectively. As of March 31, 1997, only 320 such
adjustable-rate mortgage loans were delinquent.
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<PAGE>
At March 31, 1997 with respect to the mortgage loans set forth in the
preceding table, 93 properties (representing $9,931,321 in principal balance of
such loans) were acquired through foreclosure of the related mortgage loans or
through deed in lieu of foreclosure and were not liquidated. The average length
of ownership of foreclosed properties has historically been 5.82 months with an
average loss (including accrued and unpaid interest) per property of $35,949.
The delinquency and loss experience percentages in the preceding
table are calculated on the basis of all conventional mortgage loans serviced
for the Depositor as of the end of the periods indicated. However, because the
total amount of loans serviced by the Servicer has rapidly increased over these
periods as a result of new originations, the total amount of loans serviced as
of the end of any indicated period will include many loans that will not have
been outstanding long enough to give rise to some or all of the indicated
periods of delinquency. In the absence of such substantial continuous additions
of newly originated loans to the total amount of loans serviced, the delinquency
percentages indicated in the preceding table would be higher and could be
substantially higher.
THE TRUSTEE
LaSalle National Bank ("LaSalle"), a nationally chartered commercial
bank located in Chicago, Illinois, will be named Trustee pursuant to the Pooling
Agreement. LaSalle has accepted appointment as the certificate registrar and
paying agent pursuant to the Pooling Agreement. The Trustee may resign at any
time in the manner set forth in the Pooling Agreement, in which event the
Servicer will be obligated to appoint a successor trustee. The Trustee may be
removed if it ceases to be eligible to continue as such under the Pooling
Agreement, if it becomes insolvent or if it fails to perform in accordance with
the Pooling Agreement. The Trustee may also be removed by the Depositor without
cause, as long as the Certificate Insurer consents to such removal. Any
resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor trustee
will not become effective until the acceptance of appointment by a successor
trustee. The Trustee may appoint a custodian to hold the Mortgage Loans and has
initially appointed itself to act in such capacity. The Depositor may maintain
other banking relationships in the ordinary course of business with the Trustee
and any custodian.
PAYMENT OF EXPENSES
In order to provide for the payment of the fees and expenses of the
Trustee, the Trustee will establish and maintain an account for each Sub-Pool
(with respect to Sub-Pool 1, the "Sub-Pool 1 Trustee Expense Account"; with
respect to Sub-Pool 2, the "Sub-Pool 2 Trustee Expense Account"; each a "Trustee
Expense Account") into which the Trustee will deposit on each Remittance Date,
one-twelfth of the Annual Trustee Expense Amount. The "Annual Trustee Expense
Amount" with respect to each Mortgage Loan is equal to 0.03% per annum times the
related Principal Balance. Amounts on deposit in the related Trustee Expense
Account will be withdrawn pursuant to the terms of the Pooling Agreement to pay
the fees and expenses of the Trustee with respect to the related Sub-Pool. On
each Remittance Date, the Trustee will pay from amounts on deposit in the
related Certificate Account, prior to making any required distributions to the
Certificateholders, an amount that is sufficient to pay the monthly premium due
the Certificate Insurer.
TERMINATION; PURCHASE OF MORTGAGE LOANS
On any Remittance Date on which the aggregate outstanding principal
balance of the Mortgage Loans in the Trust Fund is less than or equal to 5% of
the sum of the Original Pool Principal Balance and the Original Pre-Funded
Amounts, the Servicer may determine to purchase and may purchase from the Trust
Fund all of the Mortgage Loans and all REO Property at a price equal to the sum
of (i) 100% of the Principal Balance of each Mortgage Loan remaining plus one
month's accrued interest thereon at the related Net Mortgage Rate, (ii) the
appraised value of any such REO Property remaining determined in accordance with
the terms of the Pooling Agreement and (iii) that amount necessary to reimburse
the Certificate Insurer for any previously unreimbursed deposits made into the
supplemental interest account, if any, in respect of interest shortfalls
resulting from the weighted average of the Mortgage Rates (net of the fees
payable to the Trustee and the Certificate Insurer) being less than any Class A
Pass-Through Rate (the "Termination Price"). See "Description of the
Certificates--Termination" in the Prospectus.
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<PAGE>
In connection with any such purchase by the Servicer, the Servicer
shall remit to the Trustee for remittance to the related Certificateholders on
the final Remittance Date with respect to such terminated Sub-Pool all other
amounts then on deposit in the related Principal and Interest Account that would
have constituted part of the related Available Remittance Amount for subsequent
Remittance Dates absent such purchase.
REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF SERVICER
The Certificate Insurer may, pursuant to the Pooling Agreement,
remove the Servicer as servicer with respect to the Mortgage Loans of a Sub-Pool
upon the occurrence and continuation beyond the applicable cure period of any of
the following events (each, an "Event of Default"), other than the event
described in clause (i)(C) below, and the Holders of the Class 1A or the Class
2A Certificates evidencing in excess of 51% of the related Class A Principal
Balance (with respect to a Sub-Pool, the "Majority Certificateholders"), with
the consent of the Certificate Insurer, which consent may not be unreasonably
withheld, may remove the Servicer as servicer of the Mortgage Loans of the
related Sub-Pool upon the occurrence and continuation beyond the applicable cure
period of (a) an event described in clause (ii) below or (b) upon the failure of
the Certificate Insurer to exercise its rights to remove the Servicer upon the
occurrence of any event described in clauses (i)(A), (i)(B), (i)(D), (iii), (iv)
or (v) below:
(i)(A) an Event of Nonpayment, unless in the case of
an Event of Nonpayment described in clauses (i) or (ii) of the
definition thereof, the insufficiency described in such clauses (i)
or (ii) results from a failure of the Certificate Insurer or the
Trustee to perform in accordance with its respective obligations with
respect to such Sub-Pool; (B) the failure by the Servicer to make any
required Servicing Advance with respect to such Sub-Pool, to the
extent such failure materially and adversely affects the interests of
the Certificate Insurer or the related Certificateholders; (C) the
failure by the Servicer to make any required Advance with respect to
such Sub-Pool; or (D) any other failure by the Servicer to remit to
related Certificateholders, or to the Trustee for the benefit of the
related Certificateholders, any payment required to be made under the
terms of the Pooling Agreement with respect to the related
Certificates, to the extent such failure materially and adversely
affects the interests of the Certificate Insurer or the related
Certificateholders and which continues unremedied after the date upon
which written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be
remedied, shall have been given to the Servicer by the Certificate
Insurer or the Trustee or to the Servicer and the Trustee with the
consent of the Certificate Insurer; or
(ii) failure by the Servicer duly to observe or
perform, in any material respect, any other covenants, obligations or
agreements of the Servicer with respect to a Sub-Pool as set forth in
the Pooling Agreement with respect to the related Certificates, which
failure continues unremedied for a period of 60 days after the date
on which written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be
remedied, shall have been given to the Servicer by the Trustee or to
the Servicer and the Trustee by the Certificate Insurer or any
related Certificateholder with the consent of the Certificate
Insurer; or
(iii) a decree or order of a court or agency or
supervisory authority having jurisdiction for the appointment of a
conservator or receiver or liquidator in any insolvency, readjustment
of debt, marshalling of assets and liabilities or similar
proceedings, or for the winding-up or liquidation of its affairs,
shall have been entered against the Servicer and such decree or order
shall have remained in force, undischarged or unstayed for a period
of 60 days; or
(iv) the Servicer shall consent to the appointment
of a conservator or receiver or liquidator in any insolvency,
readjustment of debt, marshalling of assets and liabilities or
similar proceedings of or relating to the Servicer or of or relating
to all or substantially all of the Servicer's property and such
appointment shall continue unremedied for a period of 30 days after
the Servicer has received notice of such default; or
(v) the Servicer shall admit in writing its
inability to pay its debts as they become due, file a petition to
take advantage of any applicable insolvency or reorganization
statute, make an assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or
voluntarily suspend payment of its obligations, any of which shall
continue unremedied for a period of 30 days after the Servicer has
received notice of such default.
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<PAGE>
Upon the occurrence of the event described in clause (i)(C), and the
Servicer's failure to remedy such by twelve o'clock noon, New York City time, on
the next succeeding Business Day, the Trustee or a successor Servicer will
immediately assume the duties of the Servicer with respect to the related
Sub-Pool.
An "Event of Nonpayment" is defined in the Pooling Agreement as (i)
with respect to any Remittance Date after the related Cross-Over Date, the
insufficiency of amounts remitted to the Trustee by the Servicer and available
to the Trustee to pay the full amount of the related Class A Remittance Amount
(exclusive of the related Class A Carry-Forward Amount that represents Insured
Payments or interest accrued in respect of Insured Payments), and the monthly
premium payable to the Certificate Insurer, (ii) with respect to any Remittance
Date on or prior to the related Cross-Over Date, the insufficiency of amounts
remitted to the Trustee by the Servicer and available to the Trustee from
amounts on deposit in the related Reserve Account, the related Interest Coverage
Account, and the amount of any Net Excess Spread from the other Sub-Pool and the
amount of any Excess Principal from the other Sub-Pool, to pay the full amount
of the related Class A Remittance Amount (exclusive of the related Class A
Carry-Forward Amount that represents Insured Payments or interest accrued in
respect of Insured Payments), and the monthly premium payable to the Certificate
Insurer, and (iii) the sum of all Realized Losses with respect to such Sub-Pool
exceeds an amount specified in the Pooling Agreement. In certain instances of
the occurrence of an Event of Nonpayment the Trustee and the Certificate Insurer
may prohibit the termination of the Servicer with respect to a Sub-Pool if such
Event of Nonpayment does not result from the action or omission of the Servicer.
Under the Pooling Agreement, if Realized Losses and delinquencies
with respect to a Sub-Pool reach certain specified levels, the Certificate
Insurer has the option to direct the Trustee to remove the Servicer with respect
to such Sub-Pool.
Upon removal or resignation of the Servicer as servicer of the
Mortgage Loans, the Trustee will be the successor servicer of the Mortgage Loans
of the related Sub-Pool (the "Successor Servicer"). The Trustee and any other
Successor Servicer in such capacity is entitled to the same reimbursement for
advances and servicing compensation with respect to the Mortgage Loans of the
related Sub-Pool as the Servicer. See "Description of the Pooling and Servicing
Agreements--Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses" and
"--Rights Upon Event of Default" in the Prospectus.
RECORDATION OF ASSIGNMENTS OF MORTGAGES
Assignments of the Mortgage Loans to the Trustee (or its nominee)
will be recorded in the appropriate public office for real property records,
except in states such as New York where, in the opinion of counsel, such
recording is not required to protect the Trustee's interest in the Mortgage Loan
against the claim of any subsequent transferee or creditor of the Depositor.
AMENDMENT
In addition to the provisions for amendment of the Pooling Agreement
described in the Prospectus, with respect to the Certificates, the Required
Overcollateralization Amounts and the Subordinated Amounts may be reduced at the
discretion of the Certificate Insurer and, consequently, without the consent of,
or notice to, the Holders of Class A Certificates.
THE CERTIFICATE INSURER AND THE CERTIFICATE INSURANCE POLICY
The information set forth in this section and in the financial
statements of Financial Guaranty Insurance Company (the "Certificate Insurer")
set forth in Appendix A and Appendix B hereto, has been provided by the
Certificate Insurer. No representation is made by the Depositor or any of its
affiliates as to the accuracy or completeness of any such information.
Financial Guaranty Insurance Company, the Certificate Insurer, a New
York stock insurance corporation, is a monoline financial guaranty insurance
company which, since January 1984, has been a leading insurer of bonds issued by
municipal governmental subdivisions and agencies thereof. The Certificate
Insurer also insures a variety of non-municipal structured debt obligations and
pass-through securities. The Certificate Insurer is authorized to write
insurance in all 50 states and the District of Columbia and is also authorized
to carry on general insurance business in the United Kingdom and to write credit
and guaranty insurance in France.
S-95
<PAGE>
The Certificate Insurer is a wholly-owned subsidiary of FGIC
Corporation, a Delaware holding company. FGIC Corporation is a subsidiary of
General Electric Capital Corporation ("GE Capital"). Neither FGIC Corporation
nor GE Capital is obligated to pay the debts of or the claims of the Certificate
Insurer.
The Certificate Insurer and its holding company, FGIC Corporation,
are subject to regulation by the State of New York Insurance Department and by
each other jurisdiction in which the Certificate Insurer is licensed to write
insurance. These regulations vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, but
generally require insurance holding companies and their insurance subsidiaries
to register and file certain reports, including information concerning their
capital structure, ownership and financial condition and require prior approval
by the insurance department of their state of domicile of changes in control, of
dividends and of other intercorporate transfer of assets and of transactions
between insurance companies, their parents and affiliates. The Certificate
Insurer is required to file quarterly and annual statutory financial statements
and is subject to statutory restrictions concerning the types and quality of
investments, the use of policy forms, premium rates and the size of risk that it
may insure, subject to reinsurance. Additionally, the Certificate Insurer is
subject to triennial audits by the State of New York Insurance Department.
The Certificate Insurer considers its role in providing insurance to
be credit enhancement rather than credit substitution. The Certificate Insurer
only insures securities that it considers to be of investment grade quality.
With respect to each category of obligations considered for insurance, the
Certificate Insurer has established and maintains its own underwriting standards
that are based on those aspects of credit quality that the Certificate Insurer
deems important for the category and that take into account criteria established
for the category typically used by rating agencies. Credit criteria for
evaluating securities include economic and social trends, debt management,
financial management and legal and administrative factors, the adequacy of
anticipated cash flow, including the historical and expected performance of
assets pledged for payment of securities under varying economic scenarios,
underlying levels of protection such as insurance or overcollateralization, and,
particularly in the case of long-term municipal securities, the importance of
the project being financed.
The Certificate Insurer also reviews the security features and
reserves created by the financing documentation, as well as the financial and
other covenants imposed upon the credit backing the issue. In connection with
underwriting new issues, the Certificate Insurer sometimes requires, as a
condition to insuring an issue, that collateral be pledged or, in some
instances, that a third-party guarantee be provided for a term of the insured
obligation by a party of acceptable credit quality obligated to make payment
prior to any payment by the Certificate Insurer.
Insurance written by the Certificate Insurer insures the full and
timely payment of interest and principal when due on insured debt securities and
timely interest and ultimate principal payments due in respect of pass-through
securities such as the Class A Certificates. If the issuer of a security insured
by the Certificate Insurer defaults on its obligations to pay such debt service,
or, in the case of a pass-through security, available funds are insufficient to
pay the insured amounts, the Certificate Insurer will make the scheduled insured
payments, without regard to any acceleration of the securities which may have
occurred, and will be subrogated to the rights of security holders to the extent
of its payments. The claims paying ability of the Certificate Insurer is rated
Aaa, AAA and AAA by Moody's, Standard & Poor's and Fitch Investors Service,
Inc., respectively.
In consideration for issuing its insurance, the Certificate Insurer
receives a premium which is generally paid in full upon issuance of the policy
or on an annual, semiannual or monthly basis. The premium rates charged depend
principally on the credit strength of the securities as judged by the
Certificate Insurer according to its internal credit rating system and the type
of issue.
As of March 31, 1997, and December 31, 1996 and 1995 the Certificate
Insurer had written directly or assumed through reinsurance, guaranties of
approximately $209.3 billion, $205.0 billion and $180.0 billion par value of
securities, respectively (of which approximately 85 percent, 82 percent and 88
percent, respectively, constituted guaranties of municipal bonds), for which it
had collected gross premiums of approximately $2.07 billion, $2.05 billion and
$1.95 billion, respectively. As of March 31, 1997, the Certificate Insurer had
reinsured approximately 31 percent of the risks it had written, 25 percent
through quota share reinsurance, 28 percent through excess of loss reinsurance
and 47 percent through facultative arrangements.
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<PAGE>
CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth the capitalization of the Certificate
Insurer as of December 31, 1995, December 31, 1996, and March 31, 1997,
respectively, on the basis of generally accepted accounting principles subject
to year-end adjustment in the case of the March 1997 information. No material
adverse change in the capitalization of the Certificate Insurer has occurred
since March 31, 1997.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(UNAUDITED)
DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31, MARCH 31,
1995 1996 1997
(IN MILLIONS) (IN MILLIONS) (IN MILLIONS)
------------- ------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Unearned Premiums............................................ $ 728 $ 682 $674
Other Liabilities............................................ 304 288 282
Stockholder's Equity
Common Stock.............................................. 15 15 15
Additional Paid-in Capital................................ 334 334 334
Unrealized Gains (Losses)................................. 64 39 16
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment................... (2) (1) (1)
Retained Earnings......................................... 1,137 1,297 1,342
------ ------ -----
Total Stockholder's Equity................................... 1,548 1,684 1,706
------ ------ -----
Total Liabilities and Stockholder's Equity................... $2,580 $2,654 $2,662
====== ====== ======
</TABLE>
For further financial information concerning the Certificate Insurer,
see the audited and unaudited financial statements of the Certificate Insurer
included as Appendix A and Appendix B of this Prospectus Supplement.
Copies of the Certificate Insurer's quarterly and annual statutory
statements filed by the Certificate Insurer with the New York Insurance
Department are available upon request to Financial Guaranty Insurance Company,
115 Broadway, New York, New York 10006, Attention: Corporate Communications
Department. The Certificate Insurer's telephone number is (212) 312-3000.
The Certificate Insurer does not accept any responsibility for the
accuracy or completeness of this Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus or any
information or disclosure contained herein, or omitted herefrom, other than with
respect to the accuracy of information in this Prospectus Supplement regarding
the Certificate Insurer and the Certificate Insurance Policy set forth under the
heading "The Certificate Insurer and the Certificate Insurance Policy" herein
and in Appendix A and Appendix B.
The Certificate Insurer will issue a certificate insurance policy for
the Class A Certificates (the "Certificate Insurance Policy"). The Certificate
Insurance Policy unconditionally guarantees the payment of Insured Payments on
the Class A Certificates. "Insured Payments" as to any Remittance Date means the
amount, if any, by which the related Class A Remittance Amount with respect to
all related Classes of the Class A Certificates (excepting amounts payable in
connection with the repurchase or substitution of defective Mortgage Loans if
such amounts are due but not paid by the Depositor) exceeds the sum of (a) the
related Available Remittance Amount (minus the monthly premium payable to the
Certificate Insurer), (b) the lesser of (1) the sum of (i) if any such
Remittance Date is prior to the Cross-Over Date, the Excess Spread deposited
into the related Certificate Account as of such Remittance Date, (ii) to the
extent of an Available Funds Shortfall, the Net Excess Spread from the other
Sub-Pool, if any, and (iii) to the extent of an Available Funds Shortfall, the
Excess Principal from the other Sub-Pool, if any, and (2) the related
Subordinated Amount, (c) any amount transferred from the related Reserve Account
to the Certificate Account, and (d) the aggregate amount of any previous related
Insured Payments for which the Certificate Insurer has not been reimbursed by
the Trustee pursuant to the Pooling Agreement, together with that portion of the
amounts described in the immediately preceding clause (a) of the definition of
Insured Payment that represents interest accrued in respect of prior Insured
Payments. The Certificate Insurer will make each such Insured Payment (other
than that portion of an Insured Payment constituting a Preference Amount
(defined below)) to the Trustee as paying agent on the later of (a) the
Remittance Date on which such Insured Payment is distributable to the related
Class A Certificateholders pursuant to the Pooling Agreement and (b) the
business day next following the day on
S-97
<PAGE>
which the Certificate Insurer shall have received telephonic or telegraphic
notice, subsequently confirmed in writing, or written notice by registered or
certified mail, from the Trustee as paying agent specifying that an Insured
Payment is due. The Certificate Insurance Policy will provide for payment of the
amount (a "Preference Amount") of any distributions in respect of principal or
interest previously paid to a Class A Certificateholder that are subsequently
recovered from such Certificateholder prior to the expiration date of the
Certificate Insurance Policy, pursuant to a final, nonappealable order of a
court of competent jurisdiction under the United States Bankruptcy Code. Any
such payments would be made under the Certificate Insurance Policy on the second
business day following receipt by the Certificate Insurer of notice as described
above, a certified copy of such final order, assignment to the Certificate
Insurer of such Certificateholder's rights and claims with respect to such
Preference Amount and appointment of the Certificate Insurer as such
Certificateholder's agent in respect of the Preference Amount. No Holder of a
Class A Certificate shall be entitled to reimbursement for any payment avoided
as a preference as to which the Certificate Insurer previously has made a
payment under the Certificate Insurance Policy, nor is the Certificate Insurer
obligated to make any payment in respect of any Preference Amount which
represents a payment of the principal amount of the Class A Certificates prior
to the time the Certificate Insurer otherwise would have been required to make a
payment in respect of such principal.
The Certificate Insurer's obligation under the Certificate Insurance
Policy will be discharged to the extent that funds are received by the Trustee
for distribution to the Class A Certificateholders, whether or not such funds
are properly distributed by the Trustee.
For purposes of the Certificate Insurance Policy, "Class A
Certificateholder" as to a particular Certificate, does not include the Trust
Fund, the Servicer, any Sub-Servicer or the Depositor.
The Certificate Insurer only insures the timely receipt of interest
on the Class A Certificates and the ultimate receipt of principal on the Class A
Certificates. The Certificate Insurer does not guarantee any rate of principal
payments on the Class A Certificates other than that set forth in the related
Principal Payment Table, any recovery of payments deemed voidable preferences
under state law, the payment of the purchase price by the Depositor in
connection with the purchase of Mortgage Loans due to defective documentation or
a breach of representation or warranty or payment of any portion of the Class
1A-5 Lockout Remittance Amount that is in excess of the Class A Principal
Remittance Amount with respect to Sub-Pool 1 for any Remittance Date. The
Certificate Insurance Policy is non-cancelable. The Certificate Insurance Policy
expires and terminates without any action on the part of the Certificate Insurer
or any other person on the date that is one year and one day following the date
on which the Class A Certificates have been paid in full.
THE CERTIFICATE INSURANCE POLICY IS NOT COVERED BY THE PROPERTY/
CASUALTY INSURANCE SECURITY FUND SPECIFIED IN ARTICLE 76 OF THE NEW YORK
INSURANCE LAW.
In the absence of payments under the Certificate Insurance Policy,
Certificateholders will directly bear the credit and other risks associated with
their undivided interest in the Trust Fund.
CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
Upon the issuance of the Class A Certificates, Thacher Proffitt &
Wood, counsel to the Depositor, will deliver its opinion generally to the effect
that, assuming compliance with all provisions of the Pooling Agreement, for
federal income tax purposes, the Trust Fund REMIC will qualify as a REMIC within
the meaning of the Code.
For federal income tax purposes, the Class R Certificates will be the
sole Class of "residual interests" and the Class A Certificates will be the
"regular interests" in the Trust Fund REMIC and will generally be treated as
debt instruments of the Trust Fund REMIC. See "Certain Federal Income Tax
Consequences" in the Prospectus.
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For federal income tax information reporting purposes, the Class A
Certificates will not be treated as having been issued with original issue
discount. With respect to Sub-Pool 1, the prepayment assumptions that will be
used in determining the rate of accrual of market discount and premium, if any,
for federal income tax purposes will be based on the assumption that subsequent
to the date of any determination, the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans will prepay at a
rate of 2% per annum of the then outstanding principal balance of such Sub-Pool
1 Mortgage Loans in the first month of the life of the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans
and an additional 1.2% per annum in each month thereafter until the twenty-first
month, then, beginning in the twenty-first month and in each month thereafter
during the life of the Sub-Pool 1 Mortgage Loans, 26% per annum each month. With
respect to Sub-Pool 2, the prepayment assumptions that will be used in
determining the rate of accrual of market discount and premium, if any, for
federal income tax purposes for the REMIC will be based on the assumption that
subsequent to the date of any determination, the Sub-Pool 2 Mortgage Loans will
prepay at a rate of 26% CPR. No representation is made that the Mortgage Loans
will prepay at that rate or at any other rate. See "Certain Federal Income Tax
Consequences--REMICs--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular Certificates--Original
Issue Discount", "--Market Discount" and "--Premium" in the Prospectus.
The Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS") has issued regulations (the
"OID Regulations") under Sections 1271 to 1275 of the Code generally addressing
the treatment of debt instruments issued with original issue discount.
Purchasers of the Class 1A-1 Certificates and the Class 2A Certificates should
be aware that the OID Regulations do not adequately address certain issues
relevant to, or are not applicable to prepayable securities, such as the Class
1A-1 Certificates and the Class 2A Certificates. In addition, there is
considerable uncertainty concerning the application of Section 1272(a)(6) of the
Code and the OID Regulations to REMIC Regular Certificates that provide for
payments based on an adjustable rate, such as the Class 1A-1 Certificates and
the Class 2A Certificates. Because of the uncertainties concerning the
application of Section 1272(a)(6) of the Code to the Class 1A Certificates and
the Class 2A Certificates and because the rules of the OID Regulations relating
to debt instruments having an adjustable rate of interest are limited in their
application in ways that could preclude their application to the Class 1A-1
Certificates and the Class 2A Certificates even in the absence of Section
1272(a)(6) of the Code, the IRS could assert that the Class 1A-1 Certificates
and the Class 2A Certificates should be treated as having been issued with
original issue discount or should be governed by some other method not yet set
forth in regulations. Prospective purchasers of the Class 1A-1 Certificates and
the Class 2A Certificates are advised to consult their tax advisors concerning
the tax treatment of such Certificates.
If the Class 1A-1 Certificates and the Class 2A Certificates are
required to be treated as having been issued with original issue discount it
appears that a reasonable method of reporting original issue discount with
respect to the Class 1A-1 Certificates and the Class 2A Certificates, generally
would be to report all income with respect to such Certificates as original
issue discount for each period, computing such original issue discount (i) by
assuming that the value of the applicable index will remain constant for
purposes of determining the original yield to maturity of, and projecting future
distributions on, such Certificates, thereby treating such Certificates as fixed
rate instruments to which the original issue discount computation rules
described in the Prospectus can be applied, and (ii) by accounting for any
positive or negative variation in the actual value of the applicable index in
any period from its assumed value as a current adjustment to original issue
discount with respect to such period. See "Certain Federal Income Tax
Consequences--REMICs--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular Certificates--Original
Issue Discount" in the Prospectus.
In general, subject to the discussion of the Supplemental Interest in
the following paragraph, the Class A Certificates will be treated as assets
described in Section 7701(a)(19)(C) of the Code, "real estate assets" under
Section 856(c)(5)(A) of the Code generally in the same proportion that the
assets of the Trust Fund REMIC would be so treated. Moreover, if 95% or more of
such assets qualify for any of the foregoing treatments at all times during a
calendar year, the Class A Certificates will qualify for the corresponding
status in their entirety for that calendar year. In addition, the Class A
Certificates will be "qualified mortgages" within the meaning of Section
860G(a)(3) of the Code. Furthermore, interest on the Class A Certificates will
be treated as "interest on obligations secured by mortgages on real property"
under Section 856(c)(3)(B) of the Code generally to the extent that such
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Class A Certificates are treated as "real estate assets" under Section
856(c)(5)(A) of the Code. Amounts held in the Trustee Expense Accounts, the
Reserve Accounts, the supplemental interest account and the Interest Coverage
Accounts may not be treated as assets described in the foregoing sections of the
Code. In addition, prior to August 22, 1997 or any earlier Subsequent Transfer
Date on which the entire balance of the related Original Pre-Funded Amount is
applied to purchase Subsequent Mortgage Loans, the related Pre-Funding Account
will be an asset of the Trust Fund REMIC, and may not be an asset described in
certain of the foregoing sections of the Code. Moreover, to the extent that the
Mortgage Loans represent loans secured by mixed residential and commercial
structures, such loans will be treated as assets described in Section
7701(a)(19)(C) of the Code only if the residential use of the property securing
such loans exceeds 80% of the property's entire use. Because the Class 1A-4 and
the Class 1A-5 Certificates evidence a right to receive Supplemental Interest in
certain circumstances and not solely an interest in Mortgage Loans secured by
interests in real property, the Class 1A-4 and the Class 1A-5 Certificates will
not be treated in their entirety as assets described in the foregoing sections
of the Code and income from the Class 1A-4 and the Class 1A-5 Certificates will
not be treated entirely as income described in the foregoing sections of the
Code. In general, the Class 1A-4 and the Class 1A-5 Certificates will not be
suitable for inclusion in a real estate mortgage investment conduit during the
period the supplemental interest account is in existence because income from the
Supplemental Interest would be income from a nonpermitted asset and subject to
the 100% tax on "prohibited transactions" under Section 860F of the Code.
Prospective investors are advised to consult their own tax advisors concerning
the federal income tax characterization of an investment in the Class A
Certificates. See "Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences--REMICs--
Characterization of Investment in REMIC Certificates" in
the Prospectus.
Each Class 1A-4 and Class 1A-5 Certificateholder is deemed to own an
undivided beneficial ownership interest in two assets, a REMIC regular interest
and an interest in the right to receive supplemental interest (such interest,
the "Supplemental Interest"). The Supplemental Interest is not an asset of the
Trust Fund REMIC. The treatment of amounts received by a Class 1A-4 and Class
1A-5 Certificateholder under such Certificateholder's right to receive
Supplemental Interest will depend on the portion, if any, of the Class 1A-4 and
Class 1A-5 Certificateholder's purchase price allocable thereto. Under the REMIC
Regulations, each Class 1A-4 and Class 1A-5 Certificateholder must allocate its
purchase price for the Class 1A-4 and Class 1A-5 Certificate between its
undivided interest in the regular interest and its undivided interest in the
Supplemental Interest in accordance with the relative fair market values of each
property right. Payments made to the Class 1A-4 and Class 1A-5
Certificateholders as Supplemental Interest will be included in income based on
the Treasury regulations relating to notional principal contracts (the "Notional
Principal Contract Regulations"). The OID Regulations provide that the issuer's
allocations of the issue price are binding on all holders unless the holder
explicitly discloses on its tax return that its allocation is different from the
issuer's allocation. A de minimis value will be assigned to the Supplemental
Interest, based upon the price paid therefor by the Depositor. Under the REMIC
Regulations, the Servicer is required to account for the regular interest and
the rights to Supplemental Interest as discrete property rights. Class 1A-4 and
Class 1A-5 Certificateholders are advised to consult their own tax advisors
regarding the allocation of issue price, timing, character, and source of income
and deductions resulting from the ownership of the Class 1A-4 and Class 1A-5
Certificates. Treasury regulations have been promulgated under Section 1275 of
the Code generally providing for the integration of a "qualifying debt
instrument" with a hedge if the combined cash flows of the components are
substantially equivalent to the cash flows on a variable rate debt instrument.
However, such regulations specifically disallow integration of debt instruments
subject to Section 1272(a)(6) of the Code. Therefore, holders of Class 1A-4 and
Class 1A-5 Certificates will be unable to use the integration method provided
for under such regulations with respect to such Certificates. Ownership of the
rights to payments of Supplemental Interest will nevertheless entitle the owner
to amortize the separate price paid for the rights to payments of Supplemental
Interest under the Notional Principal Contract Regulations.
To the extent permitted by then applicable law, any "prohibited
transactions tax", "contributions tax", tax on "net income from foreclosure
property" or state or local income or franchise tax that may be imposed on the
Trust Fund REMIC will be borne by the Servicer or Trustee in either case out of
its own funds, provided that the Servicer or the Trustee, as the case may be,
has sufficient assets to do so, and provided further that such tax arises
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out of a breach of the Servicer's or the Trustee's obligations, as the case may
be, under the Pooling Agreement and in respect of compliance with then
applicable law. Any such tax not borne by the Servicer or the Trustee will be
payable out of the Trust Fund REMIC which may reduce the amounts otherwise
payable to Holders of Class A Certificates. See "Certain Federal Income Tax
Consequences--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Residual Certificates--Prohibited
Transactions and Other Possible REMIC Taxes" in the Prospectus.
A Certificateholder that is not a "United States person" (as defined
below) and is not subject to federal income tax as a result of any direct or
indirect connection to the United States in addition to its ownership of a
Certificate will not be subject to United States federal income or withholding
tax in respect of a distribution on a Certificate, provided that the holder
complies to the extent necessary with certain identification requirements
(including delivery of a statement, signed by the Certificateholder under
penalties of perjury, certifying that such Certificateholder is not a United
States person and providing the name and address of such Certificateholder). For
these purposes, "United States person" means a citizen or resident of the United
States, a corporation, partnership or other entity created or organized, in, or
under the laws of, the United States or any political subdivision thereof, or an
estate whose income is subject to United States federal income tax regardless of
its source, or a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise
supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more United States
fiduciaries have authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust. If
the holder does not qualify for exemption, distributions of interest, including
distributions in respect of accrued original issue discount, to such holder may
be subject to a tax rate of 30%, subject to reduction under any applicable tax
treaty.
The Servicer will be designated as the "tax matters person" (as
defined in Treasury regulation Section 301.6231(a)(7)-1a) with respect to the
Trust Fund REMIC, and in connection therewith will be required to hold not less
than 0.01% of the Percentage Interests of the Class R Certificates.
For further information regarding the federal income tax consequences
of investing in the Class A Certificates, see "Certain Federal Income Tax
Consequences--REMICs--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular Certificates" in the
Prospectus.
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
A fiduciary of an employee benefit plan and certain other retirement
plans and arrangements, including individual retirement accounts and annuities,
Keogh plans and collective investment funds and separate accounts in which such
plans, accounts or arrangements are invested, and any other entity that may be
deemed to be investing plan assets, including insurance companies, as
applicable, that are subject to the fiduciary responsibility provisions of ERISA
and Section 4975 of the Code ("Plans") should carefully review with its legal
advisors whether the purchase or holding of Class A Certificates could give rise
to a transaction prohibited or not otherwise permissible under ERISA or the
Code.
The DOL issued individual exemptions, Prohibited Transaction
Exemption 90-29 to Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated ("Merrill
Lynch") and Prohibited Transaction Exemption 90-23 to J.P. Morgan Securities
Inc. ("J.P. Morgan") (the "Exemptions"), which generally exempt from the
application of the prohibited transaction provisions of Section 406 of ERISA,
and the excise taxes imposed on such prohibited transactions pursuant to Section
4975(a) and (b) of the Code and Section 502(i) of ERISA, certain transactions,
among others, relating to the servicing and operation of mortgage pools and the
purchase, sale and holding of mortgage pass-through certificates underwritten or
placed by an Underwriter (as hereinafter defined), provided that certain
conditions set forth in the Exemptions are satisfied. For purposes of this
section "ERISA Considerations", the term "Underwriter" shall include (a) Merrill
Lynch, (b) J.P. Morgan, (c) any person directly or indirectly, through one or
more intermediaries, controlling, controlled by or under common control with
either Merrill Lynch or J.P. Morgan and (d) any member of the underwriting
syndicate or selling group of which a person described in (a), (b) or (c) is a
manager or co-manager with respect to a Class of Certificates.
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The Exemptions set forth six general conditions which must be
satisfied for a transaction involving the purchase, sale and holding of Class A
Certificates to be eligible for exemptive relief thereunder. First, the
acquisition of Class A Certificates by a Plan must be on terms that are at least
as favorable to the Plan as they would be in an arm's-length transaction with an
unrelated party. Second, the Exemptions only apply to Class A Certificates
evidencing rights and interests not subordinated to the rights and interests
evidenced by the other certificates of the same Trust Fund. Third, the Class A
Certificates at the time of acquisition by the Plan must be rated in one of the
three highest generic rating categories by Standard & Poor's, Moody's, Duff &
Phelps Credit Rating Co. or Fitch. Fourth, the Trustee cannot be an affiliate of
any other member of the "Restricted Group", which consists of any Underwriter,
the Depositor, the Trustee, the Servicer, any sub-servicer, the Certificate
Insurer and any mortgagor with respect to Mortgage Loans constituting more than
5% of the aggregate unamortized principal balance of the Mortgage Loans in the
related Sub-Pool as of the date of initial issuance of the Certificates. Fifth,
the sum of all payments made to and retained by the Underwriters must represent
not more than reasonable compensation for underwriting the Class A Certificates;
the sum of all payments made to and retained by the Depositor pursuant to the
assignment of the Mortgage Loans to the Trust Fund must represent not more than
the fair market value of the Mortgage Loans; and the sum of all payments made to
and retained by the Servicer and any sub-servicer must represent not more than
reasonable compensation for such person's services under the Pooling Agreement
and reimbursement of such person's reasonable expenses in connection therewith.
Sixth, the investing Plan must be an accredited investor as defined in Rule
501(a)(1) of Regulation D of the Securities and Exchange Commission under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Any person purchasing a Class 1A-4 and Class 1A-5 Certificate with
the related right to receive Supplemental Interest will have acquired, for
purposes of ERISA and for federal income tax purposes, such Class 1A-4 and Class
1A-5 Certificate without the right to receive Supplemental Interest, together
with the right to receive Supplement Interest. The Exemptions do not apply to
the acquisition, holding or resale of the right to receive Supplemental
Interest. Accordingly, the acquisition, holding or resale of the right to
receive Supplemental Interest by a Plan could result in a prohibited transaction
unless another administrative exemption to ERISA's prohibited transaction rules
is applicable. One or more alternative exemptions may be available with respect
to certain prohibited transaction rules of ERISA that might apply in connection
with the initial purchase, holding and resale of the right to payments of the
Supplemental Interest, including, but not limited to: (i) Prohibited Transaction
Class Exemption ("PTCE") 95-60, regarding investments by insurance company
general accounts; (ii) PTCE 91-38, regarding investments by bank collective
investment funds; (iii) PTCE 90-1, regarding investments by insurance company
pooled separate accounts; (iv) PTCE 84-14, regarding transactions negotiated by
qualified professional asset managers; (v) PTCE 75-1, Part II, regarding
principal transactions by broker-dealers (the "Principal Transactions
Exemption"); or (vi) PTCE 96-23, regarding transactions approved by in-house
asset managers. It is believed that the conditions of the Principal Transactions
Exemption will be met with respect to the acquisition of a right to Supplemental
Interest by a Plan, so long as none of the Underwriters is a fiduciary with
respect to the Plan (and is not a party in interest with respect to the Plan by
reason of being a participating employer or affiliate thereof).
A fiduciary of a Plan contemplating purchasing a Class A Certificate
must make its own determination that the general conditions set forth above will
be satisfied with respect to such Certificate. Prospective Plan investors in
Class 1A-4 and Class 1A-5 Certificates should also consult with their legal
advisors concerning the impact of ERISA and the Code on the acquisition and
holding of the right to receive Supplemental Interest, the applicability of an
administrative exemption (other than the Exemptions) with respect to such
purchase and holding and the potential consequences in their specific
circumstances, prior to making an investment in Class 1A-4 and Class 1A-5
Certificates.
If the general conditions of the Exemptions are satisfied, the
Exemptions may provide an exemption from the restrictions imposed by Sections
406(a) and 407 of ERISA (as well as the excise taxes imposed by Sections 4975(a)
and (b) of the Code by reason of Sections 4975(c)(1)(A) through (D) of the Code)
in connection with the direct or indirect sale, exchange, transfer, holding or
the direct or indirect acquisition or disposition in the secondary
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market of Class A Certificates by Plans. However, no exemption is provided from
the restrictions of Sections 406(a)(1)(E), 406(a)(2) and 407 of ERISA for the
acquisition or holding of a Class A Certificate on behalf of an "Excluded Plan"
by any person who has discretionary authority or renders investment advice with
respect to the assets of such Excluded Plan. For purposes of the Certificates,
an Excluded Plan is a Plan sponsored by any member of the Restricted Group.
If certain specific conditions of the Exemptions are also satisfied,
the Exemptions may provide an exemption from the restrictions imposed by
Sections 406(b)(1) and (b)(2) of ERISA and the taxes imposed by Section
4975(c)(1)(E) of the Code in connection with (1) the direct or indirect sale,
exchange or transfer of Class A Certificates in the initial issuance of Class A
Certificates between the Depositor or an Underwriter and a Plan when the person
who has discretionary authority or renders investment advice with respect to the
investment of Plan assets in the Class A Certificates is (a) a mortgagor with
respect to 5% or less of the fair market value of the Mortgage Loans or (b) an
affiliate of such a person, (2) the direct or indirect acquisition or
disposition in the secondary market of Class A Certificates by a Plan and (3)
the holding of Class A Certificates by a Plan.
Further, if certain specific conditions of the Exemptions are
satisfied, the Exemptions may provide an exemption from the restrictions imposed
by Sections 406(a), 406(b) and 407 of ERISA, and the taxes imposed by Sections
4975(a) and (b) of the Code by reason of Section 4975(c) of the Code for
transactions in connection with the servicing, management and operation of the
Mortgage Pool.
The Exemptions also may provide an exemption from the restrictions
imposed by Sections 406(a) and 407(a) of ERISA, and the taxes imposed by Section
4975(a) and (b) of the Code by reason of Sections 4975(c)(1)(A) through (D) of
the Code if such restrictions are deemed to otherwise apply merely because a
person is deemed to be a "party in interest" (within the meaning of Section
3(14) of ERISA) or a "disqualified person" (within the meaning of Section
4975(e)(2) of the Code) with respect to an investing Plan by virtue of providing
services to the Plan (or by virtue of having certain specified relationships to
such a person) solely as a result of the Plan's ownership of Certificates.
On May 23, 1997, the DOL published for public comment (62 Fed. Reg.
28502) proposed amendments to the Exemptions, and similar exemptions issued to
other underwriters (the "Proposed Amendments") under which the Exemptions would
apply, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, to transactions
involving a trust the assets of which include a pre-funding account to be used
subsequent to the closing of the transaction to purchase additional assets for
the trust. In its prefatory comments to the Proposed Amendments, the DOL stated
its interpretive position that a transaction which satisfied the conditions of
the Exemptions, but did not satisfy the conditions of the Proposed Amendment
could nevertheless qualify for exemptive relief if it included a pre-funding
account that was used only to acquire assets that are specifically identified by
the sponsor or originator as of the closing date, but transferred to the trust
after the closing date for administrative or other reasons. Although the
PreFunding Account will not satisfy the conditions of the Proposed Amendments,
it will be used by the Trustee solely to pay for the acquisition of Subsequent
Mortgage Loans in accordance with the Pooling Agreement from a fixed pool of
loans that will have been specifically identified prior to the closing date. It
is expected that all of the loans in such fixed pool, except for those which are
determined not to meet the criteria for purchase set forth in the Pooling
Agreement, will be acquired using the related Pre-Funded Amount. Accordingly,
the Depositor believes that the existence of the Pre-Funding Account should not
cause the Exemptions to be inapplicable.
Before purchasing a Class A Certificate, a fiduciary of a Plan should
itself confirm (a) that the Class A Certificates constitute "certificates" for
purposes of the Exemptions and (b) that the specific and general conditions set
forth in the Exemptions and the other requirements set forth in the Exemptions
would be satisfied. In addition to making its own determination as to the
availability of the exemptive relief provided in the Exemptions, the Plan
fiduciary should consider its general fiduciary obligations under ERISA in
determining whether to purchase any Class A Certificates on behalf of a Plan.
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Any Plan fiduciary which proposes to cause a Plan to purchase Class A
Certificates should consult with its counsel with respect to the potential
applicability of ERISA and the Code to such investment and the availability of
the Exemptions or any other prohibited transaction exemption in connection
therewith, in particular, Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 83-1 ("PTCE
83-1") for certain transactions involving mortgage pool investment trusts, as
discussed in "ERISA Considerations" in the Prospectus. A purchaser of a Class A
Certificate should be aware, however, that even if the conditions specified in
one or more exemptions are met, the scope of the relief provided by an exemption
might not cover all acts which might be construed as prohibited transactions.
Any Plan fiduciary considering whether to purchase a Class A
Certificate on behalf of a Plan should consult with its counsel regarding the
applicability of the fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction
provisions of ERISA and the Code to such investment. See "ERISA Considerations"
in the Prospectus.
LEGAL INVESTMENT
Although at their initial issuance the Class 1A Certificates will be
rated Aaa by Moody's and "AAA" by Standard & Poor's, the Class 1A Certificates
will not constitute "mortgage related securities" for purposes of the Secondary
Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984 ("SMMEA") because Sub-Pool 1 includes
Mortgage Loans which are secured by second liens.
The Class 2A Certificates will not constitute "mortgage related
securities" for purposes of SMMEA until such time as the balance of the related
Pre-Funding Account is reduced to zero. At such time the Class 2A Certificates
will constitute "mortgage related securities" for purposes of SMMEA so long as
they are rated in one of the two highest rating categories by at least one
nationally recognized statistical rating organization, and, as such, they will
constitute legal investments for certain entities to the extent provided for in
SMMEA.
Institutions whose investment activities are subject to review by
federal and state regulatory authorities should consult with their counsel or
the applicable authorities to determine whether an investment in the Class 1A or
Class 2A Certificates complies with applicable guidelines, policy statements or
restrictions. See "Legal Investment" in the Prospectus.
METHOD OF DISTRIBUTION
Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in an underwriting
agreement (the "Underwriting Agreement"), the Depositor has agreed to sell to
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and J.P. Morgan Securities
Inc. (the "Underwriters"), and each of the Underwriters has agreed to purchase
from the Depositor, the principal amount of the Class A Certificates set forth
opposite its name below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Principal Principal Principal Principal Principal Principal
Amount of Amount of Amount of Amount of Amount of Amount of
Class 1A-1 Class 1A-2 Class 1A-3 Class 1A-4 Class 1A-5 Class 2A
Underwriters Certificates Certificates Certificates Certificates Certificates Certificates
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner &
Smith Incorporated.............. $24,900,000 $7,250,000 $12,100,000 $6,500,000 $16,473,000 $83,777,000
J.P. Morgan Securities, Inc..... $24,900,000 $7,250,000 $12,100,000 $6,500,000 $16,473,000 $83,777,000
Total........................... $49,800,000 $14,500,000 $24,200,000 $13,000,000 $32,946,000 $167,554,000
</TABLE>
In the Underwriting Agreement, each of the Underwriters has agreed,
subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, to purchase all of its
respective allocation of the Class A Certificates if any of the Class A
Certificates are purchased.
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The Underwriters have advised the Depositor that they propose
initially to offer the Class A Certificates to the public at the price set forth
on the cover page hereof, and to certain dealers at such price less a concession
not in excess of 0.10% of the Certificate denominations for the Class 1A-1
Certificates, not in excess of 0.15% for the Class 1A-2 Certificates, not in
excess of 0.25% for the Class 1A-3 Certificates, not in excess of 0.30% for the
Class 1A-4 Certificates, not in excess of 0.35% for the Class 1A-5 Certificates,
and not in excess of 0.225% of the Certificate denominations for the Class 2A
Certificates. The Underwriters may allow and such dealers may reallow a
concession not in excess of 0.125% of the Certificate denominations to certain
other dealers. After the initial public offering, the public offering price and
such concessions may be changed.
Until the distribution of the Class A Certificates is completed,
rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission may limit the ability of the
Underwriters and certain selling group members to bid for and purchase the Class
A Certificates. As an exception to these rules, the Underwriters are permitted
to engage in certain transactions that stabilize the price of the Class A
Certificates. Such transactions consist of bids or purchases for the purpose of
pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of the Class A Certificates.
In general, purchases of a security for the purpose of stabilization
could cause the price of the security to be higher than it might be in the
absence of such purchases.
Neither the Depositor or any of its affiliates nor any of the
Underwriters makes any representation or prediction as to the direction or
magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above may have on the
price of the Class A Certificates. In addition, neither the Depositor or any of
its affiliates nor any of the Underwriters makes any representation that the
Underwriters will engage in such transactions or that such transactions, once
commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.
The Underwriting Agreement provides that the Depositor will indemnify
the Underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
There can be no assurance that a secondary market for the Class A
Certificates will develop or, if it does develop, that it will continue. The
primary source of information available to investors concerning the Class A
Certificates will be the monthly statements discussed in the Prospectus under
"Description of the Certificates--Reports to Certificateholders", which will
include information as to the outstanding principal balance of the Class A
Certificates and the status of any existing credit enhancement. There can be no
assurance that any additional information regarding the Class A Certificates
will be available through any other source. In addition, the Depositor is not
aware of any source through which price information about the Class A
Certificates will be generally available on an ongoing basis. The limited nature
of such information regarding the Class A Certificates may adversely affect the
liquidity of the Class A Certificates, even if a secondary market for the Class
A Certificates becomes available.
EXPERTS
The financial statements of Financial Guaranty Insurance Company
included in this Prospectus Supplement in Appendix A and in the related
registration statement, as of December 31, 1996 and 1995 and for each of the
years in the three-year period ended December 31, 1996, have been included in
reliance upon the report of KPMG Peat Marwick LLP, independent certified public
accountants, appearing in Appendix A and in the related registration statement
upon the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
RATINGS
As a condition of issuance, the Class 1A and Class 2A Certificates
will be rated Aaa by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. ("Moody's") and "AAA" by
Standard & Poor's Ratings Services, A Division of the McGraw-Hill
S-105
<PAGE>
Companies, Inc. ("Standard & Poor's"). The security ratings of the Class A
Certificates should be evaluated independently from similar ratings on other
types of securities. A security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or
hold securities and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the
rating agencies. In general, ratings address credit risk and do not address the
likelihood or rate of prepayment. See "Rating" and "Risk Factors--Limited Nature
of Ratings" in the Prospectus.
The ratings of Moody's on mortgage pass-through certificates address
the likelihood of the receipt by the holders thereof of all distributions on the
underlying mortgage loans to which they are entitled. Moody's ratings on
pass-through certificates do not represent any assessment of the likelihood that
principal prepayments will be made by mortgagors or the degree to which such
prepayments might differ from that originally anticipated. The rating assigned
by Moody's to the Class A Certificates does not address the possibility that the
Class A Certificateholders might suffer a lower than anticipated yield.
Standard & Poor's ratings on mortgage pass-through certificates
address the likelihood of the receipt by certificateholders of payments required
thereon. Standard & Poor's ratings take into consideration the credit quality of
the mortgage pool, structural and legal aspects associated with the
certificates, and the extent to which the payment stream on the mortgage pool is
adequate to make payments required under the certificates. Standard & Poor's
rating on the Class A Certificates does not, however, constitute a statement
regarding frequency of prepayments on the Mortgage Loans.
The Depositor does not expect a rating on the Class A Certificates by
any rating agency other than as set forth above. However, there can be no
assurance as to whether any other rating agency will rate the Class A
Certificates, or, if it does, what rating would be assigned by such other rating
agency. A rating on the Class A Certificates by another rating agency, if
assigned at all, may be lower than the ratings assigned to the Class A
Certificates as set forth above.
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters relating to the Class A Certificates will be
passed upon for the Depositor by Thacher Proffitt & Wood and Lawrence S. Rigie,
Esq. and for the Underwriters by Brown & Wood LLP.
S-106
<PAGE>
INDEX OF PRINCIPAL DEFINITIONS
TERM PAGE
---- ----
Accrual Period........................................................ 8, 71
Adjustment Date....................................................... 33
Advance............................................................... 15
Amount Available...................................................... 83
ARMs.................................................................. 59
Available Funds Cap Rate.............................................. 7
Available Funds Shortfall............................................. 11
Available Principal Amount............................................ 12
Available Remittance Amount........................................... 84
Available Transfer Cashflow........................................... 12
Balloon Loans......................................................... 16
Business Day.......................................................... 49
CEDEL................................................................. 4
CEDEL Participants.................................................... 73
Certificate Account................................................... 75
Certificate Insurance Policy.......................................... 13
Certificate Insurer................................................... 13
Certificateholders.................................................... 3
Certificates.......................................................... 4
Class................................................................. 4
Class 1A Certificates................................................. 4
Class 1A Pass-Through Rate............................................ 7
Class 1A Principal Balance............................................ 5
Class 1A-1 Cap Rate................................................... 6, 51
Class 1A-1 Certificates............................................... 5
Class 1A-1 Pass-Through Rate.......................................... 6
Class 1A-1 Principal Balance.......................................... 5
Class 1A-2 Certificates............................................... 5
Class 1A-2 Pass-Through Rate.......................................... 7
Class 1A-2 Principal Balance.......................................... 5
Class 1A-3 Certificates............................................... 5
Class 1A-3 Pass-Through Rate.......................................... 7
Class 1A-3 Principal Balance.......................................... 5
Class 1A-4 Certificates............................................... 5
Class 1A-4 Pass-Through Rate.......................................... 7
Class 1A-4 Principal Balance.......................................... 5
Class 1A-5 Certificate Amount......................................... 85
Class 1A-5 Certificates............................................... 5
Class 1A-5 Lockout Percentage......................................... 85
Class 1A-5 Lockout Remittance Amount.................................. 85
Class 1A-5 Pass-Through Rate.......................................... 7
Class 1A-5 Principal Balance.......................................... 5
Class 2A Pass-Through Rate............................................ 85
Class 2A Principal Balance............................................ 5
Class A Carry-Forward Amount.......................................... 85
Class A Certificates.................................................. 4
S-107
<PAGE>
TERM PAGE
---- ----
Class A Interest Remittance Amount.................................... 86
Class A Pass-Through Rate............................................. 7
Class A Principal Balance............................................. 5
Class A Principal Remittance Amount................................... 8
Class A Remittance Amount............................................. 87
Closing Date.......................................................... 5
Code.................................................................. 17
Combined Loan-to-Value Ratios......................................... 30
Commission............................................................ 3
Cross-Collateralization............................................... 89
Cross-Over Date....................................................... 87
Curtailments.......................................................... 49
Cut-off Date.......................................................... 4
Depositaries.......................................................... 5
Depositor............................................................. 1
Determination Date.................................................... 89
Due Period............................................................ 9
ERISA................................................................. 18
Euroclear............................................................. 4
Euroclear Participants................................................ 73
Event of Default...................................................... 94
Event of Nonpayment................................................... 95
Excess Principal...................................................... 12
Excess Spread......................................................... 87
Exemptions............................................................ 18
First Lien............................................................ 16
GE Capital............................................................ 96
Gross Margin.......................................................... 33
Holders............................................................... 3
Index................................................................. 2
Initial Mortgage Loans................................................ 13
Initial Sub-Pool 1.................................................... 25
Initial Sub-Pool 2.................................................... 33
Insurance Proceeds.................................................... 9
Insured Payments...................................................... 97
J.P. Morgan........................................................... 101
LaSalle............................................................... 93
Lee Servicing Division................................................ 4
Liquidated Mortgage Loan.............................................. 88
Majority Certificateholders........................................... 94
Mandatory Prepayments................................................. 88
Manufactured Home Loans............................................... 16
Maximum Mortgage Rate................................................. 34
Merrill Lynch......................................................... 101
Minimum Mortgage Rate................................................. 34
Mixed Use Loans....................................................... 20
Mixed Use Properties.................................................. 20
Moody's............................................................... 16
Mortgage Loans........................................................ 1
S-108
<PAGE>
TERM PAGE
---- ----
Mortgage Notes........................................................ 13
Mortgage Pool......................................................... 2
Mortgaged Properties.................................................. 14
Mortgages............................................................. 14
Net Excess Amount Available........................................... 87
Net Excess Principal.................................................. 12
Net Excess Spread..................................................... 11
Net Liquidation Proceeds.............................................. 9
OID Regulations....................................................... 99
One-Month LIBOR....................................................... 51, 59
One-Year U.S. Treasury Index.......................................... 2
One-Year U.S. Treasury Index Loans.................................... 15
Original Pool Principal Balance....................................... 6
Original Sub-Pool 1 Pre-Funded Amount................................. 32
Original Sub-Pool 1 Principal Balance................................. 6
Original Sub-Pool 2 Pre-Funded Amount................................. 14
Original Sub-Pool 2 Principal Balance................................. 6
Overcollateralization Amount.......................................... 8
Percentage Interest................................................... 72
Periodic Payment...................................................... 16
Periodic Payment Loan................................................. 16
Periodic Rate Cap..................................................... 34
Plans................................................................. 101
Pooling Agreement..................................................... 4
Preference Amount..................................................... 98
Prepayment Assumption................................................. 88
Prepayment Model...................................................... 51
Principal and Interest Account........................................ 74
Principal Payment Table............................................... 87
Principal Prepayments................................................. 49
PTCE 83-1............................................................. 104
Realized Losses....................................................... 95
Record Date........................................................... 4, 72
Released Mortgaged Property Proceeds.................................. 9
Remaining Net Excess Spread........................................... 12
REMIC................................................................. 2
Remittance Date....................................................... 2
Required Overcollateralization Amount................................. 8
Required Payments..................................................... 11
Reserve Account....................................................... 6
Scheduled Class A Principal Balance................................... 88
Servicer.............................................................. 2
Servicing Fee......................................................... 15
Servicing Fee Rate.................................................... 15
Six-Month LIBOR....................................................... 2, 15
Six-Month LIBOR Loans................................................. 15
SMMEA................................................................. 19
Standard & Poor's..................................................... 16
Sub-Pool.............................................................. 2
S-109
<PAGE>
TERM PAGE
---- ----
Sub-Pool 1............................................................ 2
Sub-Pool 1 Certificate Account........................................ 75
Sub-Pool 1 Initial Mortgage Loans..................................... 6
Sub-Pool 1 Interest Coverage Amount................................... 89
Sub-Pool 1 Principal and Interest Account............................. 74
Sub-Pool 1 Reserve Account............................................ 12
Sub-Pool 1 Subsequent Cut-off Date.................................... 32
Sub-Pool 2............................................................ 1
Sub-Pool 2 Certificate Account........................................ 75
Sub-Pool 2 Initial Mortgage Loans..................................... 6
Sub-Pool 2 Interest Coverage Account.................................. 89
Sub-Pool 2 Principal and Interest Account............................. 74
Sub-Pool 2 Reserve Account............................................ 12
Subordinated Amount................................................... 87
Subsequent Mortgage Loans............................................. 14
Successor Servicer.................................................... 95
Termination Price..................................................... 93
Trigger Event......................................................... 95
Trust Fund............................................................ 1
Trustee............................................................... 2
Trustee Expense Account............................................... 93
Underwriters.......................................................... 2
Underwriting Agreement................................................ 104
Unrecovered Class A Portion........................................... 88
S-110
<PAGE>
ANNEX I
GLOBAL CLEARANCE, SETTLEMENT AND TAX DOCUMENTATION PROCEDURES
Except in certain limited circumstances, the globally offered AFC
Mortgage Loan Asset Backed Certificates, Series 1997-2 (the "Global Securities")
will be available only in book-entry form. Investors in the Global Securities
may hold such Global Securities through any of The Depository Trust Company
("DTC"), Centrale de Livraison de Valeurs Mobilieres S.A. ("CEDEL"), or the
Euroclear System ("Euroclear"). The Global Securities will be tradeable as home
market instruments in both the European and U.S. domestic markets. Initial
settlement and all secondary trades will settle in same-day funds.
Secondary market trading between investors holding Global Securities
through CEDEL and Euroclear will be conducted in the ordinary way in accordance
with their normal rules and operating procedures and in accordance with
conventional eurobond practice (i.e., seven calendar day settlement).
Secondary market trading between investors holding Global Securities
through DTC will be conducted according to the rules and procedures applicable
to U.S. corporate debt obligations and prior Home Equity Loan Asset Back
Certificates issues.
Secondary cross-market trading between CEDEL or Euroclear and DTC
Participants holding Certificates will be effected on a delivery-against-payment
basis through the respective Depositaries of CEDEL and Euroclear (in such
capacity) and as DTC Participants.
Non-U.S. holders (as described below) of Global Securities will be
subject to U.S. withholding taxes unless such holders meet certain requirements
and deliver appropriate U.S. tax documents to the securities clearing
organizations or their participants.
INITIAL SETTLEMENT
All Global Securities will be held in book-entry form by DTC in the
name of CEDE & Co. as nominee of DTC. Investors' interests in the Global
Securities will be represented through financial institutions acting on their
behalf as Direct and Indirect Participants in DTC. As a result, CEDEL and
Euroclear will hold positions on behalf of their participants through their
respective Depositaries, which in turn will hold such positions in accounts as
DTC Participants.
Investors electing to hold their Global Securities through DTC will
follow the settlement practices applicable to prior Home Equity Loan Asset
Backed Certificates issues. Investor securities custody accounts will be
credited with their holdings against payment in same-day funds on the settlement
date.
Investors electing to hold their Global Securities through CEDEL or
Euroclear accounts will follow the settlement procedures applicable to
conventional eurobonds, except that there will be no temporary global security
and no "lock-up" or restricted period. Global Securities will be credited to the
securities custody accounts on the settlement date against payment in same-day
funds.
SECONDARY MARKET TRADING
Since the purchaser determines the place of delivery, it is important
to establish at the time of the trade where both the purchaser's and seller's
accounts are located to ensure that the settlement can be made on the desired
value date.
I-1
<PAGE>
Trading between DTC Participants. Secondary market trading between
DTC Participants will be settled using the procedures applicable to prior Home
Equity Loan Asset Backed Certificates issues in same-day funds.
Trading between CEDEL and/or Euroclear Participants. Secondary market
trading between CEDEL Participants or Euroclear Participants will be settled
using the procedures applicable to conventional eurobonds in same-day funds.
Trading between DTC seller and CEDEL or Euroclear purchaser. When
Global Securities are to be transferred from the account of a DTC Participant to
the account of a CEDEL Participant or a Euroclear Participant, the purchaser
will send instructions to CEDEL or Euroclear through a CEDEL Participant or
Euroclear Participant at least one business day prior to settlement. CEDEL or
Euroclear will instruct the respective Depositary, as the case may be, to
receive the Global Securities against payment. Payment will include interest
accrued on the Global Securities from and including the last coupon payment date
to and excluding the settlement date, on the basis of the actual number of days
in such accrual period and a year assumed to consist of 360 days. For
transactions settling on the 31st of the month, payment will include interest
accrued to and excluding the first day of the following month. Payment will then
be made by the respective Depositary of the DTC Participant's account against
delivery of the Global Securities. After settlement has been completed, the
Global Securities will be credited to the respective clearing system and by the
clearing system, in accordance with its usual procedures, to the CEDEL
Participant's or Euroclear Participant's account. The securities credit will
appear the next day (European time) and the cash debt will be back-valued to,
and the interest on the Global Securities will accrue from the value date (which
would be the preceding day when settlement occurred in New York). If settlement
is not completed on the intended value date (i.e., the trade fails), the CEDEL
or Euroclear cash debt will be valued instead as of the actual settlement date.
CEDEL Participants and Euroclear Participants will need to make
available to the respective clearing systems the funds necessary to process
same-day funds settlement. The most direct means of doing so is to preposition
funds for settlement, either from cash on hand or existing lines of credit, as
they would for any settlement occurring within CEDEL or Euroclear. Under this
approach, they may take on credit exposure to CEDEL or Euroclear until the
Global Securities are credited to their accounts one day later.
As an alternative, if CEDEL or Euroclear has extended a line of
credit to them, CEDEL Participants or Euroclear Participants can elect not to
proposition funds and allow that credit line to be drawn upon the finance
settlement. Under this procedure, CEDEL Participants or Euroclear Participants
purchasing Global Securities would incur overdraft charges for one day, assuming
they cleared the overdraft when the Global Securities were credited to their
accounts. However, interest on the Global Securities would accrue from the value
date. Therefore, in many cases the investment income on the Global Securities
earned during that one-day period may substantially reduce or offset the amount
of such overdraft charges, although this result will depend on each CEDEL
Participant's or Euroclear Participant's particular cost of funds.
Since the settlement is taking place during New York business hours,
DTC Participants can employ their usual procedures for sending Global Securities
to the respective Depositary for the benefit of CEDEL Participants or Euroclear
Participants. The sale proceeds will be available to the DTC seller on the
settlement date. Thus, to the DTC Participant a cross-market transaction will
settle no differently than a trade between two DTC Participants.
Trading between CEDEL or Euroclear seller and DTC purchaser. Due to
time zone differences in their favor, CEDEL Participants and Euroclear
Participants may employ their customary procedures for transactions in which
Global Securities are to be transferred by the respective clearing system,
through the respective Depositary, to a DTC Participant. The seller will send
instructions to CEDEL or Euroclear through a CEDEL Participant or Euroclear
Participant at least one business day prior to the settlement. In these cases,
CEDEL or Euroclear will instruct the respective Depositary, as appropriate, to
deliver the Global Securities to the DTC Participant's account against payment.
Payment will include interest accrued on the Global Securities from and
including the last coupon payment to and excluding the settlement date on the
basis of the actual number of days in such accrual period and
I-2
<PAGE>
a year assumed to consist of 360 days. For transactions settling on the 31st of
the month, payment will include interest accrued to and excluding the first day
of the following month. The payment will then be reflected in the account of the
CEDEL Participant or Euroclear Participant the following day, and receipt of the
cash proceeds in the CEDEL Participant's or Euroclear Participant's account
would be backed-value to the value date (which would be the preceding day, when
settlement occurred in New York). Should the CEDEL Participant or Euroclear
Participant have a line of credit with its respective clearing system and elect
to be in debt in anticipation of receipt of the sale proceeds in its account,
the back-valuation will extinguish any overdraft incurred over that one-day
period. If settlement is not completed on the intended value date (i.e., the
trade fails), receipt of the cash proceeds in the CEDEL Participant's or
Euroclear Participant's account would instead be valued as of the actual
settlement date.
Finally, day traders that use CEDEL or Euroclear and that purchase
Global Securities from DTC Participants for delivery to CEDEL Participants or
Euroclear Participants should note that these trades would automatically fail on
the sale side unless affirmative action were taken. At least three techniques
should be readily available to eliminate this potential problem:
(a) borrowing through CEDEL or Euroclear for one day (until the
purchase side of the day trade is reflected in their CEDEL or Euroclear
accounts) in accordance with the clearing system's customary procedures;
(b) borrowing the Global Securities in the U.S. from a DTC
Participant no later than one day prior to settlement, which would give the
Global Securities sufficient time to be reflected in their CEDEL or Euroclear
account in order to settle the sale side of the trade; or
(c) staggering the value dates for the buy and sell sides of the
trade so that the value date for the purchase from the DTC Participant is at
least one day prior to the value date for the sale to the CEDEL Participants or
Euroclear Participants.
CERTAIN U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS
A beneficial owner of Global Securities holding securities through
CEDEL or Euroclear (or through DTC if the holder has an address outside of the
U.S.) will be subject to the 30% U.S. withholding tax that generally applies to
payments of interest (including original issue discount) on registered debt
issued by U.S. Persons, unless (i) each clearing system, bank or other financial
institution that holds customers' securities in the ordinary course of its trade
or business in the chain of intermediaries between such beneficial owner and the
U.S. entity required to withhold tax complies with applicable certification
requirements and (ii) such beneficial owner takes one of the following steps to
obtain an exemption or reduced tax rate:
Exemption for non-U.S. Persons (Form W-8). Beneficial owners of
Global Securities that are non-U.S. Persons can obtain a complete exemption from
the withholding tax by filing a signed Form W-8 (Certificate of Foreign Status).
If the information shown on Form W-8 changes, a new Form W-8 must be filed
within 30 days of such change.
Exemption for non-U.S. Persons with effectively connected income
(Form 4224). A non-U.S. Person, including a non-U.S. corporation or bank with a
U.S. branch, for which the interest income is effectively connected with its
conduct of trade or business in the United States, can obtain an exemption from
the withholding tax by filing Form 4224 (Exemption from Withholding of Tax on
Income Effectively Connected with the Conduct of a Trade or Business in the
United States).
Exemption or reduced rate for non-U.S. Persons resident in treaty
countries (Form 1001). Non-U.S. Persons that are Certificate Owners residing in
a country that has a tax treaty with the United States can obtain an exemption
or reduced tax rate (depending on the treaty terms) by filing Form 1001
(Ownership, Exemption or Reduced Rate
I-3
<PAGE>
Certificate). If the treaty provides only for a reduced rate, withholding tax
will be imposed at that rate unless the filer alternatively files Form W-8. Form
1001 may be filed by the Certificate Owners or their agents.
Exemption for U.S. Persons (Form W-9). U.S. Persons can obtain a
complete exemption from the withholding tax by filing Form W-9 (Payer's Request
for Taxpayer Identification Number and Certification).
U.S. Federal Income Tax Reporting Procedure. The Certificate Owners
of a Global Security or, in the case of a Form 1001 or a Form 4224 filer, his
agent, files by submitting the appropriate form to the person through whom it
holds (the clearing agency, in the case of persons holding directly on the books
of the clearing agency). Form W-8 and Form 1001 are effective for three calendar
years and Form 4224 is effective for one calendar year.
The term "U.S. Person" means a citizen or resident of the United
States, a corporation, partnership or other entity created or organized, in, or
under the laws of, the United States or any political subdivision thereof, or an
estate whose income is subject to United States federal income tax regardless of
its source, or a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise
supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more United States
fiduciaries have authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust.
This summary does not deal with all aspects of U.S. Federal income tax
withholding that may be relevant to foreign holders of the Global Securities.
Investors are advised to consult their own tax advisors for specific tax advice
concerning their holding and disposing of the Global Securities.
I-4
<PAGE>
KPMG Peat Marwick LLP APPENDIX A
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE COMPANY
Financial Statements
December 31, 1996 and 1995
(With Independent Auditors' Report Thereon)
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE COMPANY
================================================================================
AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 1996
Report of Independent Auditors.......................................1
Balance Sheets.......................................................2
Statements of Income.................................................3
Statements of Stockholder's Equity...................................4
Statements of Cash Flows.............................................5
Notes to Financial Statements........................................6
<PAGE>
[LOGO] PEAT MARWICK LLP
345 Park Avenue
New York, NY 10154
Report of Independent Auditors'
The Board of Directors and Stockholder
Financial Guaranty Insurance Company
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Financial Guaranty Insurance
Company as of December 31, 1996 and 1995, and the related statements of income,
stockholder's equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three year
period then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the
Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatements. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the accounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the financial position of Financial Guaranty Insurance
Company as of December 31, 1996 and 1995 and the results of its operations and
its cash flows for each of the years in the three year period then ended in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
KPMG Peat Marwick LLP
January 17, 1997
[LOGO] Member Firm of
Klynveld Peat Marwick Goerdeler
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY BALANCE SHEETS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
($ in Thousands, except per share amounts)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31,
ASSETS 1996 1995
----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C>
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale
(amortized cost of $2,190,303 in 1996 and $2,043,453 in 1995) $ 2,250,549 $ 2,141,584
Short-term investments, at cost, which approximates market 73,839 91,032
Cash 860 199
Accrued investment income 37,655 37,347
Reinsurance recoverable 7,015 7,672
Prepaid reinsurance premiums 167,683 162,087
Deferred policy acquisition costs 91,945 94,868
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation
($15,333 in 1996 and $12,861 in 1995) 4,696 6,314
Receivable for securities sold 379 26,572
Prepaid expenses and other assets 19,520 12,627
----------- -----------
Total assets $ 2,654,141 $ 2,580,302
=========== ===========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY
Liabilities:
Unearned premiums $ 681,816 $ 727,535
Loss and loss adjustment expenses 72,616 77,808
Ceded reinsurance balances payable 10,561 1,942
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 54,165 32,811
Payable to Parent 1,791 1,647
Current federal income taxes payable 52,016 51,296
Deferred federal income taxes 91,805 99,171
Payable for securities purchased 4,937 40,211
----------- -----------
Total liabilities $ 969,707 1,032,421
----------- -----------
Stockholder's Equity:
Common stock, par value $1,500 per share;
10,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding 15,000 15,000
Additional paid-in capital 334,011 334,011
Net unrealized gains on fixed maturity securities available-
for-sale, net of tax 39,160 63,785
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax (429) (1,499)
Retained earnings 1,296,692 1,136,584
----------- -----------
Total stockholder's equity 1,684,434 1,547,881
----------- -----------
Total liabilities and stockholder's equity $ 2,654,141 $ 2,580,302
=========== ===========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
-2-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY STATEMENTS OF INCOME
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
($ in Thousands)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
--------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
REVENUES:
Gross premiums written $ 97,027 $ 97,288 $ 161,940
Ceded premiums (29,376) (19,319) (46,477)
--------- --------- ---------
Net premiums written 67,651 77,969 115,463
Decrease in net unearned premiums 51,314 27,309 53,364
--------- --------- ---------
Net premiums earned 118,965 105,278 168,827
Net investment income 124,635 120,398 109,828
Net realized gains 15,022 30,762 5,898
--------- --------- ---------
Total revenues 258,622 256,438 284,553
--------- --------- ---------
EXPENSES:
Loss and loss adjustment expenses 2,389 (8,426) 3,646
Policy acquisition costs 16,327 13,072 15,060
Decrease (Increase) in Deferred policy acquisition costs 2,923 (3,940) 3,709
Other underwriting expenses 12,508 19,100 21,182
--------- --------- ---------
Total expenses 34,147 19,806 43,597
--------- --------- ---------
Income before provision for Federal income taxes 224,475 236,632 240,956
--------- --------- ---------
Federal income tax expense:
Current 41,548 28,913 43,484
Deferred 5,318 19,841 7,741
--------- --------- ---------
Total Federal income tax expense 46,866 48,754 51,225
--------- --------- ---------
Net income $ 177,609 $ 187,878 $ 189,731
========= ========= =========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
-3-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
($ in Thousands)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
UNREALIZED
GAINS (LOSSES) ON
ADDITIONAL FIXED MATURITY FOREIGN RETAINED
COMMON PAID-IN SECURITIES AVAILABLE- CURRENCY
STOCK CAPITAL FOR-SALE, NET OF TAX ADJUSTMENT EARNINGS
----- ------- -------------------- ---------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance, January 1, 1994 $15,000 $334,011 $ 90,708 $(2,265) $ 783,975
Net income -- -- -- -- 189,731
Change in fixed maturity securities
available for sale, net of tax of ($71,336) -- -- (132,481) -- --
Foreign currency translation adjustment -- -- -- 1,044 --
------- -------- --------- ------- -----------
Balance, December 31, 1994 15,000 334,011 (41,773) (1,221) 973,706
------- -------- --------- ------- -----------
Net income -- -- -- -- 187,878
Dividend paid -- -- -- -- (25,000)
Change in fixed maturity securities -- -- 105,558 -- --
available for sale, net of tax of $56,839
Foreign currency translation adjustment -- -- -- (278) --
------- -------- --------- ------- -----------
Balance, December 31, 1995 15,000 334,011 63,785 (1,499) 1,136,584
------- -------- --------- ------- -----------
Net Income -- -- -- -- 177,609
Dividend paid -- -- -- -- (17,500)
Change in fixed maturity securities available
for sale, net of tax of ($13,260) -- -- (24,625) -- --
Foreign currency translation adjustment -- -- -- 1,070 --
------- -------- --------- ------- -----------
Balance at December 31, 1996 $15,000 $334,011 $ 39,160 $ (429) $ 1,296,692
======= ======== ========= ======= ===========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
-4-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
($ in Thousands)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income $ 177,609 $ 187,878 $ 189,731
Adjustments to reconcile net income
to net cash provided by operating activities:
Change in unearned premiums (45,719) (29,890) (45,927)
Change in loss and loss adjustment expense reserves (5,192) (20,938) 2,648
Depreciation of property and equipment 2,472 2,348 2,689
Change in reinsurance receivable 657 6,800 (304)
Change in prepaid reinsurance premiums (5,596) 2,581 (7,437)
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment 1,646 (427) 1,607
Policy acquisition costs deferred (16,327) (16,219) (18,306)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs 19,250 12,279 22,015
Change in accrued investment income, and prepaid
expenses and other assets (7,201) 2,906 (5,150)
Change in other liabilities 30,117 (12,946) 2,577
Change in deferred income taxes 5,318 19,841 7,741
Amortization of fixed maturity securities 792 1,922 5,112
Change in current income taxes payable 720 (30,827) 33,391
Net realized gains on investments (15,022) (30,762) (5,898)
----------- --------- ---------
Net cash provided by operating activities 143,524 94,546 184,489
----------- --------- ---------
Investing Activities:
Sales and maturities of fixed maturity securities 891,643 836,103 550,534
Purchases of fixed maturity securities (1,033,345) (891,108) (721,908)
Purchases, sales and maturities of short-term investments, net 17,193 (15,358) (11,486)
Purchases of property and equipment, net (854) (750) (1,290)
----------- --------- ---------
Net cash used in investing activities (125,363) (71,113) (184,150)
----------- --------- ---------
Financing Activities:
Dividends paid (17,500) (25,000) --
----------- --------- ---------
Net cash provided by financing activities (17,500) (25,000) --
----------- --------- ---------
Increase (Decrease) in cash 661 (1,567) 339
Cash at beginning of year 199 1,766 1,427
----------- --------- ---------
Cash at end of year $ 860 $ 199 $ 1,766
=========== ========= =========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
-5-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) BUSINESS
Financial Guaranty Insurance Company (the "Company"), a wholly-owned
insurance subsidiary of FGIC Corporation (the "Parent"), provides
financial guaranty insurance on newly issued municipal bonds and
municipal bonds trading in the secondary market, the latter including
bonds held by unit investment trusts and mutual funds. The Company also
insures structured debt issues outside the municipal market.
Approximately 82% of the business written since inception by the
Company has been municipal bond insurance.
The Company insures only those securities that, in its judgment, are of
investment grade quality. Municipal bond insurance written by the
Company insures the full and timely payment of principal and interest
when due on scheduled maturity, sinking fund or other mandatory
redemption and interest payment dates to the holders of municipal
securities. The Company's insurance policies do not provide for
accelerated payment of the principal of, or interest on, the bond
insured in the case of a payment default. If the issuer of a
Company-insured bond defaults on its obligation to pay debt service,
the Company will make scheduled interest and principal payments as due
and is subrogated to the rights of bondholders to the extent of
payments made by it.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that effect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the
date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues
and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ
from those estimates.
(2) SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared on the basis
of generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") which differ in
certain respects from the accounting practices prescribed or permitted
by regulatory authorities (see Note 3). The prior years financial
statements have been reclassified to conform to the 1996 presentation.
Significant accounting policies are as follows:
INVESTMENTS
The Company accounts for its investments in accordance with Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115 ("SFAS 115"), "Accounting for
Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities." The Statement
defines three categories for classification of debt securities and the
related accounting treatment for each respective category. The Company
has determined that its fixed maturity securities portfolio should be
classified as available-for-sale. Under SFAS 115, securities held as
available-for-sale are recorded at fair value and unrealized holding
gains/losses are recorded as a separate component of stockholder's
equity, net of applicable income taxes.
Short-term investments are carried at cost, which approximates fair
value. Bond discounts and premiums are amortized over the remaining
terms of the securities. Realized gains or losses on the sale of
investments are determined on the basis of specific identification.
-6-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PREMIUM REVENUE RECOGNITION
Premiums for policies where premiums are collected in a single payment
at policy inception are earned over the period at risk, based on the
total exposure outstanding at any point in time. Financial guaranty
insurance policies exposure generally declines according to
predetermined schedules. For policies with premiums that are collected
periodically, premiums are reflected in income pro rata over the period
covered by the premium payment.
POLICY ACQUISITION COSTS
Policy acquisition costs include only those expenses that relate
directly to premium production. Such costs include compensation of
employees involved in underwriting, marketing and policy issuance
functions, rating agency fees, state premium taxes and certain other
underwriting expenses, offset by ceding commission income on premiums
ceded to reinsurers (see Note 6). Net acquisition costs are deferred
and amortized over the period in which the related premiums are earned.
Anticipated loss and loss adjustment expenses are considered in
determining the recoverability of acquisition costs.
LOSS AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSES
Provision for loss and loss adjustment expenses is made in an amount
equal to the present value of unpaid principal and interest and other
payments due under insured risks at the balance sheet date for which,
in management's judgment, the likelihood of default is probable. Such
reserves amounted to $72.6 million and $77.8 million at December 31,
1996 and 1995, respectively. As of December 31, 1996 and 1995, such
reserves included $28.9 million and $28.8 million, respectively,
established based on an evaluation of the insured portfolio in light of
current economic conditions and other relevant factors. Loss and loss
adjustment expenses include amounts discounted at an interest rate of
between 6.5 and 6.6 in 1996 and 5.5 % in 1995. The reserve for loss and
loss adjustment expenses is necessarily based upon estimates, however,
in management's opinion the reserves for loss and loss adjustment
expenses is adequate. However, actual results will likely differ from
those estimates.
INCOME TAXES
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax
consequences attributable to differences between the financial
statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their
respective tax bases. These temporary differences relate principally to
unrealized gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities
available-for-sale, premium revenue recognition, deferred acquisition
costs and deferred compensation. Deferred tax assets and liabilities
are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable
income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected
to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and
liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the
period that includes the enactment date.
Financial guaranty insurance companies are permitted to deduct from
taxable income, subject to certain limitations, amounts added to
statutory contingency reserves (see Note 3). The amounts deducted must
be included in taxable income upon their release from the reserves or
upon earlier release of such amounts from such reserves to cover excess
losses as permitted by insurance regulators. The amounts deducted are
allowed as deductions from taxable income only to the extent that U.S.
government non-interest bearing tax and loss bonds are purchased and
held in an amount equal to the tax benefit attributable to such
deductions.
-7-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment consists of furniture, fixtures, equipment and
leasehold improvements which are recorded at cost and are charged to
income over their estimated service lives. Office furniture and
equipment are depreciated straight-line over five years. Leasehold
improvements are amortized over their estimated service life or over
the life of the lease, whichever is shorter. Computer equipment and
software are depreciated over three years. Maintenance and repairs are
charged to expense as incurred.
FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION
The Company has established foreign branches in France and the United
Kingdom and determined that the functional currencies of these branches
are local currencies. Accordingly, the assets and liabilities of these
foreign branches are translated into U.S. dollars at the rates of
exchange existing at December 31, 1996 and 1995 and revenues and
expenses are translated at average monthly exchange rates. The
cumulative translation loss at December 31, 1996 and 1995 was $0.4
million and $1.5 million, respectively, net of tax, and is reported as
a separate component of stockholder's equity.
(3) STATUTORY ACCOUNTING PRACTICES
The financial statements are prepared on the basis of GAAP, which
differs in certain respects from accounting practices prescribed or
permitted by state insurance regulatory authorities. The following are
the significant ways in which statutory-basis accounting practices
differ from GAAP:
(a) premiums are earned directly in proportion to the
scheduled principal and interest payments rather than
in proportion to the total exposure outstanding at
any point in time.
(b) policy acquisition costs are charged to current
operations as incurred rather than as related
premiums are earned;
(c) a contingency reserve is computed on the basis of
statutory requirements for the security of all
policyholders, regardless of whether loss
contingencies actually exist, whereas under GAAP, a
reserve is established based on an ultimate estimate
of exposure;
(d) certain assets designated as non-admitted assets are
charged directly against surplus but are reflected as
assets under GAAP, if recoverable;
(e) federal income taxes are only provided with respect
to taxable income for which income taxes are
currently payable, while under GAAP taxes are also
provided for differences between the financial
reporting and the tax bases of assets and
liabilities;
(f) purchases of tax and loss bonds are reflected as
admitted assets, while under GAAP they are recorded
as federal income tax payments; and
(g) all fixed income investments are carried at amortized
cost rather than at fair value for securities
classified as available-for-sale under GAAP.
-8-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following is a reconciliation of net income and stockholder's equity
presented on a GAAP basis to the corresponding amounts reported on a
statutory-basis for the periods indicated below (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
------------------------- ------------------------- -------------------------
NET STOCKHOLDER'S NET STOCKHOLDER'S NET STOCKHOLDER'S
INCOME EQUITY INCOME EQUITY INCOME EQUITY
--------- ----------- --------- ----------- --------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
GAAP basis amount $ 177,609 $ 1,684,434 $ 187,878 $ 1,547,881 $ 189,731 $ 1,279,723
Premium revenue recognition (9,358) (176,285) (22,555) (166,927) (4,970) (144,372)
Deferral of acquisition costs 2,923 (91,945) (3,940) (94,868) 3,709 (90,928)
Contingency reserve -- (460,973) -- (386,564) -- (328,073)
Non-admitted assets -- (3,879) -- (5,731) -- (7,566)
Case basis loss reserves (3,197) (3,249) 4,048 (52) (3,340) (4,100)
Portfolio loss reserves -- 24,000 (22,100) 24,000 (11,050) 46,100
Deferral of income taxes (benefits) 5,317 70,719 19,842 64,825 7,741 45,134
Unrealized gains (losses) on fixed maturity
securities held at fair value, net of tax -- (39,160) -- (63,785) -- 41,773
Recognition of profit commission (441) (6,185) 3,096 (5,744) (2,410) (8,840)
Provision for unauthorized reinsurance -- -- -- -- -- (266)
Contingency reserve tax deduction (see Note 2) -- 85,176 -- 78,196 -- 55,496
Allocation of tax benefits due to
Parent's net operating loss to the
Company (see Note 5) 313 10,603 637 10,290 (63) 9,653
--------- ----------- --------- ----------- --------- -----------
Statutory-basis amount $ 173,166 $ 1,093,256 $ 166,906 $ 1,001,521 $ 179,348 $ 893,734
========= =========== ========= =========== ========= ===========
</TABLE>
-9-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(4) INVESTMENTS
Investments in fixed maturity securities carried at fair value of $3.1
million and $3.2 million as of December 31, 1996 and 1995,
respectively, were on deposit with various regulatory authorities as
required by law.
The amortized cost and fair values of short-term investments and of
investments in fixed maturity securities classified as
available-for-sale are as follows (in thousands):
GROSS GROSS
UNREALIZED UNREALIZED
AMORTIZED HOLDING HOLDING FAIR
1996 COST GAINS LOSSES VALUE
- ---- ---------- ------- ------ ----------
U.S. Treasury securities and
obligations of U.S. government
corporations and agencies $ 57,987 $ 373 $ 1 $ 58,359
Obligations of states and political
subdivisions 2,098,486 65,254 4,854 2,158,886
Debt securities issued by foreign 33,830 -- 526 33,304
governments
---------- ------- ------ ----------
Investments available-for-sale 2,190,303 65,627 5,381 2,250,549
Short-term investments 73,839 -- -- 73,839
---------- ------- ------ ----------
Total $2,264,142 $65,627 $5,381 $2,324,388
========== ======= ====== ==========
The amortized cost and fair values of short-term investments and of
investments in fixed maturity securities available-for-sale at December
31, 1996, by contractual maturity date, are shown below. Expected
maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may
have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or
prepayment penalties.
AMORTIZED FAIR
1996 COST VALUE
- ---- ---------- ----------
Due in one year or less $ 110,783 $ 110,888
Due after one year through five years 92,279 92,951
Due after five years through ten years 337,495 349,524
Due after ten years through twenty years 1,650,945 1,696,623
Due after twenty years 72,640 74,402
---------- ----------
Total $2,264,142 $2,324,388
========== ==========
-10-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
GROSS GROSS
UNREALIZED UNREALIZED
AMORTIZED HOLDING HOLDING FAIR
1995 COST GAINS LOSSES VALUE
- ---- ---------- -------- ------ ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. Treasury securities and
obligations of U.S. government
corporations and agencies $ 71,182 $ 1,696 -- $ 72,878
Obligations of states and political
subdivisions 1,942,001 98,458 $1,625 2,038,834
Debt securities issued by foreign
governments 30,270 152 550 29,872
---------- -------- ------ ----------
Investments available-for-sale 2,043,453 100,306 2,175 2,141,584
Short-term investments 91,032 -- -- 91,032
---------- -------- ------ ----------
Total $2,134,485 $100,306 $2,175 $2,232,616
========== ======== ====== ==========
</TABLE>
In 1996, 1995 and 1994, proceeds from sales and maturities of
investments in fixed maturity securities available-for-sale carried at
fair value were $891.6 million, $836.1 million, and $550.5 million,
respectively. For 1996, 1995 and 1994 gross gains of $19.8 million,
$36.3 million and $18.2 million respectively, and gross losses of $15.0
million, $5.5 million and $12.3 million respectively, were realized on
such sales.
Net investment income of the Company is derived from the following
sources (in thousands):
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
-------- -------- --------
Income from fixed maturity securities 119,290 $112,684 $108,519
Income from short-term investments 6,423 8,450 2,479
-------- -------- --------
Total investment income 125,713 121,134 110,998
Investment expenses 1,078 736 1,170
-------- -------- --------
Net investment income $124,635 $120,398 $109,828
======== ======== ========
As of December 31, 1996, the Company did not have more than 10% of its
investment portfolio concentrated in a single issuer or industry.
-11-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(5) INCOME TAXES
The Company files a federal tax return as part of the consolidated
return of General Electric Capital Corporation ("GE Capital"). Under a
tax sharing agreement with GE Capital, taxes are allocated to the
Company and the Parent based upon their respective contributions to
consolidated net income. The Company's effective federal corporate tax
rate (20.8 percent in 1996, 20.6 percent in 1995 and 21.3 percent in
1994) is less than the corporate tax rate on ordinary income of 35
percent in 1996, 1995 and 1994.
Federal income tax expense relating to operations of the Company for
1996, 1995 and 1994 is comprised of the following (in thousands):
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
------- ------- -------
Current tax expense $41,548 $28,913 $43,484
Deferred tax expense 5,318 19,841 7,741
------- ------- -------
Federal income tax expense $46,866 $48,754 $51,225
======= ======= =======
The following is a reconciliation of federal income taxes computed at
the statutory rate and the provision for federal income taxes (in
thousands):
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
-------- -------- --------
Income taxes computed on income
before provision for federal
income taxes, at the statutory rate $ 78,566 $ 82,821 $ 84,334
Tax effect of:
Tax-exempt interest (32,609) (30,630) (30,089)
Other, net 909 (3,437) (3,020)
-------- -------- --------
Provision for income taxes $ 46,866 $ 48,754 $ 51,225
======== ======== ========
-12-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant
portions of the net deferred tax liability or asset at December 31,
1996 and 1995 are presented below (in thousands):
1996 1995
-------- --------
Deferred tax assets:
Loss reserves $ 9,249 $ 8,382
Deferred compensation 2,531 5,735
Tax over book capital gains 2,144 1,069
Other 2,601 3,248
-------- --------
Total gross deferred tax assets 16,525 18,434
-------- --------
Deferred tax liabilities:
Unrealized gains on fixed maturity
securities, available-for-sale 21,086 34,346
Deferred acquisition costs 32,181 33,204
Premium revenue recognition 37,159 32,791
Rate differential on tax and loss bonds 9,454 9,454
Other 8,450 7,810
-------- --------
Total gross deferred tax liabilities 108,330 117,605
-------- --------
Net deferred tax liability $ 91,805 $ 99,171
======== ========
Based upon the level of historical taxable income, projections of
future taxable income over the periods in which the deferred tax assets
are deductible and the estimated reversal of future taxable temporary
differences, the Company believes it is more likely than not that it
will realize the benefits of these deductible differences and has not
established a valuation allowance at December 31, 1996 and 1995. The
Company anticipates that the related deferred tax asset will be
realized.
Total federal income tax payments during 1996, 1995 and 1994 were $33.9
million, $59.8 million, and $10.1 million, respectively.
-13-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(6) REINSURANCE
The Company reinsures portions of its risk with other insurance
companies through quota share reinsurance treaties and, where
warranted, on a facultative basis. This process serves to limit the
Company's exposure on risks underwritten. In the event that any or all
of the reinsuring companies were unable to meet their obligations, the
Company would be liable for such defaulted amounts. The Company
evaluates the financial condition of its reinsurers and monitors
concentrations of credit risk arising from activities or economic
characteristics of the reinsurers to minimize its exposure to
significant losses from reinsurer insolvencies. The Company holds
collateral under reinsurance agreements in the form of letters of
credit and trust agreements in various amounts with various reinsurers
totaling $32.9 million that can be drawn on in the event of default.
Net premiums earned are presented net of ceded earned premiums of $23.7
million, $21.9 million and $39.0 million for the years ended December
31, 1996, 1995 and 1994, respectively. Loss and loss adjustment
expenses incurred are presented net of ceded losses of $(0.8) million,
$1.1 million and $0.3 million for the years ended December 31, 1996,
1995 and 1994, respectively.
-14-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(7) LOSS AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSES
Activity in the reserve for loss and loss adjustment expenses is
summarized as follows (in thousands):
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
--------- --------- ---------
Balance at January 1, $ 77,808 $ 98,746 $ 96,098
Less reinsurance recoverable (7,672) 14,472 14,168
-------- -------- --------
Net balance at January 1, 70,136 84,274 81,930
Incurred related to:
Current year -- 26,681 15,133
Prior years 2,389 (1,207) (437)
Portfolio reserves -- (33,900) (11,050)
-------- -------- --------
Total Incurred 2,389 (8,426) 3,646
-------- -------- --------
Paid related to:
Current year -- (197) (382)
Prior years (6,924) (5,515) (920)
-------- -------- --------
Total Paid (6,924) (5,712) (1,302)
-------- -------- --------
Net balance at December 31, 65,601 70,136 84,274
Plus reinsurance recoverable 7,015 7,672 14,472
-------- -------- --------
Balance at December 31, $ 72,616 $ 77,808 $ 98,746
======== ======== ========
The changes in incurred portfolio and case reserves principally relates
to business written in prior years. The changes are based upon an
evaluation of the insured portfolio in light of current economic
conditions and other relevant factors.
-15-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(8) RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company has various agreements with subsidiaries of General
Electric Company ("GE") and GE Capital. These business transactions
include appraisal fees and due diligence costs associated with
underwriting structured finance mortgage-backed security business;
payroll and office expenses incurred by the Company's international
branch offices but processed by a GE subsidiary; investment fees
pertaining to the management of the Company's investment portfolio; and
telecommunication service charges. Approximately $8.1 million, $3.2
million and $3.2 million in expenses were incurred in 1996, 1995 and
1994, respectively, related to such transactions.
The Company also insured certain non-municipal issues with GE Capital
involvement as sponsor of the insured securitization and/or servicer of
the underlying assets. For some of these issues, GE Capital also
provides first loss protection in the event of default. Gross premiums
written on these issues amounted to $0.6 million in 1996, $1.3 million
in 1995, and $2.5 million in 1994.
The Company insures bond issues and securities in trusts that were
sponsored by affiliates of GE (approximately 1 percent of gross
premiums written) in 1996, 1995 and 1994.
(9) COMPENSATION PLANS
Officers and other key employees of the Company participate in the
Parent's incentive compensation, deferred compensation and profit
sharing plans. Expenses incurred by the Company under compensation
plans and bonuses amounted to $4.5 million, $7.5 million and $12.2
million in 1996, 1995 and 1994, respectively, before deduction for
related tax benefits.
(10) DIVIDENDS
Under New York insurance law, the Company may pay a dividend only from
earned surplus subject to the following limitations: (a) statutory
surplus after such dividend may not be less than the minimum required
paid-in capital, which was $66.4 million in 1996 and 1995, and (b)
dividends may not exceed the lesser of 10 percent of its surplus or 100
percent of adjusted net investment income, as defined by New York
insurance law, for the 12 month period ending on the preceding December
31, without the prior approval of the Superintendent of the New York
State Insurance Department. At December 31, 1996 and 1995, the amount
of the Company's surplus available for dividends was approximately
$91.8 million and $100.2 million, respectively.
During 1996 and 1995, the Company paid dividends of $17.5 milion and
$25.0 million, respectively. No dividends were paid during 1994.
-16-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(11) FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in
estimating fair values of financial instruments:
Fixed Maturity Securities: Fair values for fixed maturity securities
are based on quoted market prices, if available. If a quoted market
price is not available, fair values is estimated using quoted market
prices for similar securities. Fair value disclosure for fixed maturity
securities is included in the balance sheets and in Note 4.
Short-Term Investments: Short-term investments are carried at cost,
which approximates fair value.
Cash, Receivable for Securities Sold, and Payable for Securities
Purchased: The carrying amounts of these items approximate their fair
values.
The estimated fair values of the Company's financial instruments at
December 31, 1996 and 1995 are as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996 1995
----------------------- -----------------------
CARRYING FAIR CARRYING FAIR
AMOUNT VALUE AMOUNT VALUE
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Financial Assets
Cash
On hand and in demand accounts $ 860 $ 860 $ 199 $ 199
Short-term investments $ 73,839 $ 73,839 91,032 91,032
Fixed maturity securities $2,250,549 $2,250,549 2,141,584 2,141,584
</TABLE>
Financial Guaranties: The carrying value of the Company's financial
guaranties is represented by the unearned premium reserve, net of
deferred acquisition costs, and loss and loss adjustment expense
reserves. Estimated fair values of these guaranties are based on
amounts currently charged to enter into similar agreements (net of
applicable ceding commissions), discounted cash flows considering
contractual revenues to be received adjusted for expected prepayments,
the present value of future obligations and estimated losses, and
current interest rates. The estimated fair values of such financial
guaranties range between $358.7million and $387.4 million compared to a
carrying value of $487.8 million as of December 31, 1996 and between
$412.8 million and $456.2 million compared to a carrying value of
$540.6 million as of December 31, 1995.
-17-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK
The Company considers its role in providing insurance to be credit
enhancement rather than credit substitution. The Company insures only
those securities that, in its judgment, are of investment grade
quality. The Company has established and maintains its own underwriting
standards that are based on those aspects of credit that the Company
deems important for the particular category of obligations considered
for insurance. Credit criteria include economic and social trends, debt
management, financial management and legal and administrative factors,
the adequacy of anticipated cash flows, including the historical and
expected performance of assets pledged for payment of securities under
varying economic scenarios and underlying levels of protection such as
insurance or overcollateralization.
In connection with underwriting new issues, the Company sometimes
requires, as a condition to insuring an issue, that collateral be
pledged or, in some instances, that a third-party guarantee be provided
for a term of the obligation insured by a party of acceptable credit
quality obligated to make payment prior to any payment by the Company.
The types and extent of collateral pledged varies, but may include
residential and commercial mortgages, corporate debt, government debt
and consumer receivables.
As of December 31, 1996, the Company's total insured principal exposure
to credit loss in the event of default by bond issuers was $104.4
billion, net of reinsurance of $30.8 billion. The Company's insured
portfolio as of December 31, 1996 was broadly diversified by geography
and bond market sector with no single debt issuer representing more
than 1% of the Company's principal exposure outstanding, net of
reinsurance.
As of December 31, 1996, the composition of principal exposure by type
of issue, net of reinsurance, was as follows (in millions):
NET
PRINCIPAL
OUTSTANDING
-----------
Municipal:
General obligation $50,213.1
Special revenue 33,037.8
Industrial revenue 366.5
Non-municipal 20,776.2
-----------
Total $104,393.6
===========
The Company's net exposure outstanding is $188,646.00 million as of
December 31, 1996.
-18-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Company is authorized to do business in 50 states, the District of Columbia,
and in the United Kingdom and France. Principal exposure outstanding at December
31, 1996 by state, net of reinsurance, was as follows (in millions):
NET
PRINCIPAL
OUTSTANDING
-----------
California $ 11,251.7
Florida 9,838.4
Pennsylvania 9,325.3
New York 8,184.5
Illinois 6,721.2
Texas 5,799.1
New Jersey 4,465.3
Michigan 4,166.6
Arizona 2,808.9
Ohio 2,616.0
----------
Sub-total 65,177.0
Other states and International 39,216.6
----------
Total $104,393.6
==========
(12) COMMITMENTS
Total rent expense was $2.8 million, $2.2 million and $2.6 million in
1996, 1995 and 1994, respectively. For each of the next five years and
in the aggregate as of December 31, 1996, the minimum future rental
payments under noncancellable operating leases having remaining terms
in excess of one year approximate (in thousands):
YEAR AMOUNT
---- ------
1997 $ 2,909
1998 2,909
1999 2,909
2000 2,909
2001 2,911
-------
Total minimum future rental payments $14,547
=======
-19-
<PAGE>
APPENDIX B
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE COMPANY
================================================================================
UNAUDITED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 1997
Balance Sheets................................................................ 1
Statements of Income.......................................................... 2
Statements of Cash Flows...................................................... 3
Notes to Unaudited Interim Financial Statements............................... 4
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY BALANCE SHEET
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
($ in Thousands)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
MARCH 31, DECEMBER 31,
1997 1996
----------- ------------
ASSETS (UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C>
Fixed maturity securities, available for sale,
at fair value (amortized cost of
$2,141,691 in 1997 and $2,190,303 in 1996) $ 2,165,694 $ 2,250,549
Short-term investments, at cost, which approximates market 165,686 73,839
Cash 1,050 860
Accrued investment income 36,173 37,655
Reinsurance receivable 6,986 7,015
Deferred policy acquisition costs 90,960 91,945
Property, plant and equipment net of
accumulated depreciation of $15,962 in 1997 and $15,333 in 1996 4,343 4,696
Prepaid reinsurance premiums 167,643 167,683
Prepaid expenses and other assets 23,773 19,899
----------- -----------
Total assets $ 2,662,308 $ 2,654,141
=========== ===========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY
Liabilities:
Unearned premiums $ 673,704 $ 681,816
Losses and loss adjustment expenses 70,713 72,616
Ceded reinsurance payable 373 10,561
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 57,144 54,165
Due to parent -- 1,791
Current federal income taxes payable 65,679 52,016
Deferred federal income taxes payable 80,354 91,805
Payable for securities purchased 8,026 4,937
----------- -----------
Total liabilities 955,993 969,707
----------- -----------
Stockholder's Equity:
Common stock, par value $1,500 per share at March 31,
1997 and at December 31, 1996: 10,000 shares authorized,
issued and outstanding 15,000 15,000
Additional paid-in capital 334,011 334,011
Net unrealized gains on fixed maturity securities available
for sale, net of tax 15,602 39,160
Foreign currency translation adjustment (423) (429)
Retained earnings 1,342,125 1,296,692
----------- -----------
Total stockholder's equity 1,706,315 1,684,434
----------- -----------
Total liabilities and stockholder's equity $ 2,662,308 $ 2,654,141
=========== ===========
</TABLE>
SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
-1-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY STATEMENT OF INCOME
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
($ in Thousands)
THREE MONTHS ENDED
MARCH 31,
1997 1996
-------- --------
(UNAUDITED)
REVENUES:
Gross premiums written $ 28,518 $ 21,277
Ceded premiums (7,137) (3,300)
-------- --------
Net premiums written 21,381 17,977
Decrease in net unearned premiums 8,072 17,018
-------- --------
Net premiums earned 29,453 34,995
Net investment income 31,597 31,063
Net realized gains 6,069 5,074
-------- --------
Total revenues 67,119 71,132
-------- --------
EXPENSES:
Losses and loss adjustment expenses (249) (1,165)
Policy acquisition costs 3,851 6,790
Other underwriting expenses 3,851 4,207
-------- --------
Total expenses 7,453 9,832
-------- --------
Income before provision for federal income taxes 59,666 61,300
Provision for federal income taxes 14,233 13,346
-------- --------
Net income $ 45,433 $ 47,954
======== ========
See accompanying notes to interim financial statements
-2-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CASH FLOW
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
($ in Thousands)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31,
1997 1996
--------- ---------
(UNAUDITED)
<S> <C> <C>
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income $ 45,433 $ 47,954
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net
cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for deferred income taxes 562 917
Amortization of fixed maturity securities 227 41
Policy acquisition costs deferred (2,866) (4,258)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs 3,851 6,790
Depreciation of fixed assets 629 612
Change in reinsurance receivable 29 124
Change in prepaid reinsurance premiums 40 1,398
Foreign currency translation adjustment 9 (1,218)
Change in accrued investment income, prepaid
expenses and other assets (2,392) 15,127
Change in unearned premiums (8,112) (18,416)
Change in losses and loss adjustment expense reserves (1,903) (3,005)
Change in other liabilities (9,000) (552)
Change in current income taxes payable 13,663 12,429
Net realized gains on investments (6,069) (5,074)
--------- ---------
Net cash provided by operating activities 34,101 52,869
--------- ---------
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Sales or maturities of fixed maturity securities 272,200 199,015
Purchases of fixed maturity securities (213,987) (240,781)
Sales or maturities (purchases) of short-term investments, net (91,847) (10,101)
Purchases of property and equipment, net (277) (381)
--------- ---------
Net cash used for investing activities (33,911) (52,248)
Increase in cash 190 621
Cash at beginning of period 860 199
--------- ---------
Cash at end of period $ 1,050 $ 820
========= =========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to interim financial statements
-3-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
March 31, 1997 and 1996
(Unaudited)
(1) BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The interim financial statements of Financial Guaranty
Insurance Company (the Company) in this report reflect all
adjustments necessary, in the opinion of management, for a
fair statement of (a) results of operations for the three
months ended March 31, 1997 and 1996, (b) the financial
position at March 31, 1997 and December 31, 1996, and (c) cash
flows for the three months ended March 31, 1997 and 1996.
These interim financial statements should be read in
conjunction with the financial statements and related notes
included in the 1996 audited financial statements.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles requires management
to make estimates and assumptions that effect the reported
amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent
assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements
and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the
reporting period. Actual results could differ from those
estimates.
(2) STATUTORY ACCOUNTING PRACTICES
The financial statements are prepared on the basis of GAAP,
which differs in certain respects from accounting practices
prescribed or permitted by state insurance regulatory
authorities. The following are the significant ways in which
statutory basis accounting practices differ from GAAP:
(a) premiums are earned directly in proportion to the
scheduled principal and interest payments rather than
in proportion to the total exposure outstanding at any
point in time;
(b) policy acquisition costs are charged to current
operations as incurred rather than as related premiums
are earned;
(c) a contingency reserve is computed on the basis of
statutory requirements for the security of all
policyholders, regardless of whether loss contingencies
actually exist, whereas under GAAP, a reserve is
established based on an ultimate estimate of exposure;
(d) certain assets designated as "non-admitted assets" are
charged directly against surplus but are reflected as
assets under GAAP, if recoverable;
(e) federal income taxes are only provided with respect to
taxable income for which income taxes are currently
payable, while under GAAP taxes are also provided for
differences between the financial reporting and tax
bases of assets and liabilities;
(f) purchases of tax and loss bonds are reflected as
admitted assets, while under GAAP they are recorded as
federal income tax payments; and
(g) all fixed income investments are carried at amortized
cost, rather than at fair value for securities
classified as "Available for Sale" under GAAP.
-4 -
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following is a reconciliation of the net income and stockholder's equity of
Financial Guaranty prepared on a GAAP basis to the corresponding amounts
reported on a statutory basis for the periods indicated below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31,
------------------------------------------------
1997 1996
---------------------- ------------------------
NET STOCKHOLDER'S NET STOCKHOLDER'S
INCOME EQUITY INCOME EQUITY
------- ------------- -------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
GAAP basis amount 45,433 1,706,315 $ 47,954 $ 1,553,480
Premium revenue recognition (2,466) (178,751) (1,933) (168,861)
Deferral of acquisition costs 985 (90,960) 2,532 (92,336)
Contingency reserve -- (474,460) -- (403,087)
Non-admitted assets -- (3,257) -- (5,283)
Case-basis losses incurred (661) (3,910) (1,750) (1,798)
Portfolio loss reserves -- 24,000 -- 24,000
Deferral of income tax 570 71,274 917 65,315
Unrealized gains on fixed maturity
securities held at fair value, net -- (15,602) -- (22,222)
of taxes
Profit commission (343) (6,528) 782 (4,965)
Contingency reserve tax deduction -- 85,176 -- 78,196
Allocation of tax benefits due to Parent's
net operating loss to the Company 94 10,628 (55) 10,236
------- ---------- -------- -----------
Statutory basis amount 43,612 1,123,724 $ 48,447 $ 1,032,675
======= ========== ======== ===========
</TABLE>
-5-
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL GUARANTY INSURANCE
COMPANY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
March 31, 1997 and 1996
(Unaudited)
(3) DIVIDENDS
Under New York Insurance Law, the Company may pay a dividend
only from earned surplus subject to the following limitations:
o Statutory surplus after dividends may not be less than
the minimum required paid-in capital, which was
$2,100,000 in 1996.
o Dividends may not exceed the lesser of 10 percent of its
surplus or 100 percent of adjusted net investment
income, as defined therein, for the twelve month period
ending on the preceding December 31, without the prior
approval of the Superintendent of the New York State
Insurance Department.
The amount of the Company's surplus available for dividends
during 1997 is approximately $112.4 million.
(4) INCOME TAXES
The Company's effective Federal corporate tax rate (23.9
percent and 21.8 percent for the three months ended March 31,
1997 and 1996, respectively) is less than the statutory
corporate tax rate (35 percent in 1996 and 1995) on ordinary
income due to permanent differences between financial and
taxable income, principally tax-exempt interest.
(5) REINSURANCE
In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 113 ("SFAS 113"), "Accounting and Reporting for
Reinsurance of Short-Duration and Long-Duration Contracts",
the Company reports assets and liabilities relating to
reinsured contracts gross of the effects of reinsurance. Net
premiums earned are shown net of premiums ceded of $7.2
million and $7.3 million, respectively, for the three months
ended March 31, 1997 and 1996.
- 6 -
<PAGE>
PROSPECTUS
AFC MORTGAGE LOAN ASSET BACKED CERTIFICATES
(ISSUABLE IN SERIES)
SUPERIOR BANK FSB,
DEPOSITOR
The Certificates offered hereby and by Supplements to this Prospectus
(the "Offered Certificates") will be offered from time to time in series. Each
series of Certificates will represent in the aggregate the entire beneficial
ownership interest in a trust fund (with respect to any series, the "Trust
Fund") consisting primarily of a segregated pool (a "Mortgage Pool") of various
types of conventional single family and/or multifamily first and second mortgage
loans and/or manufactured housing conditional sales contracts and installment
loan agreements (collectively, the "Mortgage Loans") originated or purchased by
the Depositor. If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Trust
Fund for a series of Certificates may include letters of credit, insurance
policies, guarantees, reserve funds or other types of credit support, or any
combination thereof (with respect to any series, collectively, "Credit
Support"). See "Description of the Trust Funds", "Description of the
Certificates" and "Description of Credit Support".
Each series of Certificates will consist of one or more classes of
Certificates that may (i) provide for the accrual of interest thereon based on
fixed, variable or adjustable rates; (ii) be senior or subordinate to one or
more other classes of Certificates in respect of distributions of principal or
interest (or both) on the Mortgage Loans included in the related Trust Fund;
(iii) be entitled to principal distributions, with disproportionately low,
nominal or no interest distributions; (iv) be entitled to interest
distributions, with disproportionately low, nominal or no principal
distributions; (v) provide for distributions of accrued interest thereon only
following the occurrence of certain events, such as the retirement of one or
more other classes of Certificates of such series; and/or (vi) provide for
distributions of principal sequentially, or based on specified payment
schedules, to the extent of available funds, in each case as described in the
related Prospectus Supplement. Any such classes may include classes of Offered
Certificates. Principal and interest with respect to Certificates will be
distributable monthly, quarterly, semi-annually or at such other intervals and
on the dates specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. Distributions on
the Certificates of any series will be made only from the assets of the related
Trust Fund. See "Description of the Certificates".
The Certificates of each series will not represent an obligation of
or interest in the Depositor, the Servicer or any of their respective
affiliates, except to the limited extent described herein and in the related
Prospectus Supplement. Neither the Certificates nor any assets in the related
Trust Fund will be guaranteed or insured by any governmental agency or
instrumentality or by any other person, unless otherwise provided in the related
Prospectus Supplement. The assets in each Trust Fund will be held in trust for
the benefit of the holders of the related series of Certificates pursuant to a
Pooling and Servicing Agreement, as more fully described herein.
The yield on each class of Certificates of a series will be affected
by, among other things, the rate of payment of principal (including prepayments)
on the Mortgage Loans in the related Trust Fund and the timing of receipt of
such payments as described under the caption "Yield Considerations" herein and
under the caption "Certain Yield and Prepayment Considerations" in the related
Prospectus Supplement. A Trust Fund may be subject to early termination under
the circumstances described herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement.
Prospective investors should review the information contained herein
and in the related Prospectus Supplement, in particular the information
appearing under the caption "Risk Factors" herein and in the related Prospectus
Supplement before purchasing any Offered Certificate.
If so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, one or more
elections may be made to treat the related Trust Fund or a designated portion
thereof as a "real estate mortgage investment conduit" for federal income tax
purposes. See "Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences".
---------------
THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION, NOR HAS THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS
PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
---------------
Prior to issuance there will have been no market for the Certificates
of any series and there can be no assurance that a secondary market for any
Offered Certificates will develop or that, if it does develop, it will continue.
This Prospectus may not be used to consummate sales of a series of Offered
Certificates unless accompanied by a Prospectus Supplement.
Offers of the Offered Certificates may be made through one or more
different methods, including offerings through underwriters, as more fully
described under "Method of Distribution" herein and in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
----------
MARCH 6, 1997
<PAGE>
Until 90 days after the date of each Prospectus Supplement, all
dealers effecting transactions in the Offered Certificates covered by such
Prospectus Supplement, whether or not participating in the distribution thereof,
may be required to deliver such Prospectus Supplement and this Prospectus. This
is in addition to the obligation of dealers to deliver a Prospectus and
Prospectus Supplement when acting as an underwriter and with respect to their
unsold allotments or subscriptions.
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
As more particularly described herein, the Prospectus Supplement
relating to the Offered Certificates of each series will, among other things,
set forth with respect to such Certificates, as appropriate: (i) a description
of the class or classes of Certificates, the payment provisions with respect to
each such class and the Pass-Through Rate or method of determining the
Pass-Through Rate with respect to each such class; (ii) the aggregate principal
amount and distribution dates relating to such series, the method used to
calculate principal distributions to each class of Certificates on each
distribution date and, if applicable, the initial and final scheduled
distribution dates for each class; (iii) information as to the assets comprising
the Trust Fund, including the general characteristics of the Mortgage Loans, any
Credit Support and any other assets included therein (with respect to the
Certificates of any series, the "Trust Assets"); (iv) the additional
circumstances, if any, under which the Trust Fund may be subject to early
termination; (v) additional information with respect to the method of
distribution of such Certificates; (vi) whether one or more REMIC elections will
be made and the designation of the regular interests and residual interests;
(vii) the aggregate original percentage ownership interest in the Trust Fund to
be evidenced by each class of Certificates; (viii) information as to the
Servicer, Sub-Servicer (or provision for the appointment thereof), if any, the
provider of Credit Support, if any, and the Trustee, as applicable; (ix)
information as to the nature and extent of subordination with respect to any
class of Certificates that is subordinate in right of payment to any other
class; and (x) whether such Certificates will be initially issued in definitive
or book-entry form.
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
The Depositor has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
(the "Commission") a Registration Statement (of which this Prospectus forms a
part) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with respect to the Offered
Certificates. This Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, which forms a part
of the Registration Statement, omits certain information contained in such
Registration Statement pursuant to the Rules and Regulations of the Commission.
For further information, reference is made to such Registration Statement and
the exhibits thereto. In addition, the Depositor is subject to the informational
requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange
Act"), and in accordance therewith files reports and other information with the
Commission. Such Registration Statement, exhibits, reports and other information
can be inspected and copied at prescribed rates at the public reference
facilities maintained by the Commission at its Public Reference Section, 450
Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549, and at its Regional Offices located
as follows: Chicago Regional Office, 500 West Madison, 14th Floor, Chicago,
Illinois 60661; and New York Regional Office, Seven World Trade Center, New
York, New York 10048.
No person has been authorized to give any information or to make any
representations other than those contained in this Prospectus and any Prospectus
Supplement with respect hereto and, if given or made, such information or
representations must not be relied upon. This Prospectus and any Prospectus
Supplement with respect hereto do not constitute an offer to sell or a
solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the Offered
Certificates or an offer of the Offered Certificates to any person in any state
or other jurisdiction in which such offer would be unlawful. The delivery of
this Prospectus at any time does not imply that information herein is correct as
of any time subsequent to its date; however, if any material change occurs while
this Prospectus is required by law to be delivered, this Prospectus will be
amended or supplemented accordingly.
Unless otherwise provided in the Prospectus Supplement for a series
of Certificates, the Servicer or the Trustee will be required to mail to holders
of Offered Certificates of each series periodic unaudited reports concerning the
related Trust Fund. Unless and until definitive Certificates are issued, or
unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, such reports
will be sent on behalf of the related Trust Fund to CEDE & Co., as nominee of
The Depository Trust Company ("DTC") and registered holder of the Offered
Certificates, pursuant to the applicable Pooling and Servicing Agreement. Such
reports may be available to holders of interests in the Certificates (the
"Certificateholders") upon request to their respective DTC participants. See
"Description of the
-ii-
<PAGE>
Certificates--Reports to Certificateholders" and "Description of the Pooling and
Servicing Agreements--Evidence as to Compliance". The Depositor will file or
cause to be filed with the Commission such periodic reports with respect to each
Trust Fund as are required under the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations
of the Commission thereunder.
REPORTS TO CERTIFICATEHOLDERS
Periodic and annual reports concerning the related Trust Fund,
including the amount of distribution of principal and interest and certain
amounts relating to the Mortgage Loans included in the Trust Fund, are required
under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement to be forwarded to Certificateholders.
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, such reports
will not be examined and reported on by an independent public accountant. See
"Description of the Certificates--Reports to Certificateholders" herein.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
There are incorporated herein and in the related Prospectus
Supplement by reference all documents and reports filed or caused to be filed by
the Registrant with respect to a Trust Fund pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14
or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, prior to the termination of the offering of the
Offered Certificates of the related series. The Registrant will provide or cause
to be provided without charge to each person to whom this Prospectus is
delivered in connection with the offering of one or more classes of Offered
Certificates, upon written or oral request of such person, a copy of any or all
such reports incorporated herein by reference, in each case to the extent such
reports relate to one or more of such classes of such Offered Certificates,
other than the exhibits to such documents, unless such exhibits are specifically
incorporated by reference in such documents. Requests should be directed in
writing to Superior Bank FSB, 135 Chestnut Ridge Road, Montvale, New Jersey
07645. The Registrant has determined that its financial statements will not be
material to the offering of any Offered Certificates.
-iii-
<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
----
<S> <C>
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT................................................................ ii
AVAILABLE INFORMATION................................................................ ii
REPORTS TO CERTIFICATEHOLDERS........................................................iii
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE....................................iii
SUMMARY OF PROSPECTUS................................................................ 1
RISK FACTORS......................................................................... 9
Limited Liquidity.............................................................. 9
Limited Assets and Obligations................................................. 9
Average Life of Certificates; Prepayments; Yields.............................. 10
Limited Nature of Ratings...................................................... 10
Risks Associated With the Mortgage Loans and Mortgaged Properties.............. 11
Investment in the Mortgage Loans............................................... 11
Second Liens............................................................. 12
Bankruptcy Proceedings................................................... 12
Delinquent Loans......................................................... 13
Regulatory Matters....................................................... 13
Balloon Payments......................................................... 13
Credit Support Limitations..................................................... 13
Enforceability................................................................. 14
The Status of the Mortgage Loans in the Event of Insolvency of the Depositor... 14
Limitations on Interest Payments and Foreclosures.............................. 14
Environmental Risks............................................................ 15
ERISA Considerations........................................................... 15
Certain Federal Tax Considerations Regarding REMIC Residual Certificates....... 15
Control........................................................................ 15
Book-Entry Registration........................................................ 16
DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST FUNDS....................................................... 16
Mortgage Loans................................................................. 16
General.................................................................. 16
Mortgage Loan Information in Prospectus Supplements...................... 17
Payment Provisions of the Mortgage Loans................................. 17
ARM Loans................................................................ 17
Principal and Interest Account................................................. 18
Certificate Account............................................................ 18
Pre-Funding Account............................................................ 18
Credit Support................................................................. 18
USE OF PROCEEDS...................................................................... 19
YIELD CONSIDERATIONS................................................................. 19
General........................................................................ 19
Pass-Through Rate.............................................................. 19
Timing of Payment of Interest and Principal.................................... 19
Principal Prepayments.......................................................... 20
Defaults....................................................................... 20
Prepayments--Maturity and Weighted Average Life................................ 20
</TABLE>
-iv-
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
----
<S> <C>
Other Factors Affecting Weighted Average Life.................................. 21
Type of Mortgage Loan.................................................... 21
Foreclosures and Payment Plans................................................. 22
Due-on-Sale Clauses...................................................... 22
THE DEPOSITOR........................................................................ 23
THE SERVICER......................................................................... 23
DESCRIPTION OF THE CERTIFICATES...................................................... 23
General........................................................................ 23
Distributions.................................................................. 24
Distributions of Interest on the Certificates.................................. 24
Distributions of Principal on the Certificates................................. 25
Allocation of Losses and Shortfalls............................................ 25
Example of Distributions....................................................... 25
Monthly Advances in Respect of Delinquencies................................... 26
Compensating Interest.......................................................... 27
Reports to Certificateholders.................................................. 27
Termination.................................................................... 28
Book-Entry Registration and Definitive Certificates............................ 29
DESCRIPTION OF THE POOLING AND SERVICING AGREEMENTS.................................. 32
Assignment of Mortgage Loans; Repurchases...................................... 32
Representations and Warranties; Repurchases.................................... 33
Payments on Mortgage Loans; Deposits to Principal and Interest Account......... 34
Deposits to Certificate Account................................................ 36
Collection and Other Servicing Procedures...................................... 36
Servicing Advances............................................................. 38
Sub-Servicers.................................................................. 38
Realization Upon Defaulted Mortgage Loans...................................... 38
Hazard Insurance Policies...................................................... 39
Due-on-Sale Provisions......................................................... 39
Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses....................... 40
Evidence as to Compliance...................................................... 40
Certain Matters Regarding the Servicer......................................... 41
Events of Default.............................................................. 41
Rights Upon Event of Default................................................... 41
Amendment...................................................................... 42
Duties of the Trustee.......................................................... 42
The Trustee.................................................................... 42
DESCRIPTION OF CREDIT SUPPORT........................................................ 42
General........................................................................ 42
Subordinate Certificates....................................................... 43
Cross-Support Provisions....................................................... 43
Insurance or Guarantees With Respect to the Mortgage Loans..................... 43
Letter of Credit............................................................... 44
Insurance Policies and Surety Bonds............................................ 44
Reserve Funds or Spread Account................................................ 44
Overcollateralization.......................................................... 45
CERTAIN LEGAL ASPECTS OF MORTGAGE LOANS.............................................. 45
General........................................................................ 45
Single Family and Multifamily Loans............................................ 45
</TABLE>
-v-
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
----
<S> <C>
Contracts...................................................................... 45
Foreclosure on Mortgages....................................................... 47
Repossession With Respect to Contracts......................................... 48
Second Mortgages............................................................... 49
Rights of Redemption........................................................... 50
Anti-Deficiency Legislation and Other Limitations on Lenders................... 50
Enforceability of Certain Provisions........................................... 51
Subordinate Financing.......................................................... 53
Applicability of Usury Laws.................................................... 53
Consumer Protection Laws with respect to Contracts............................. 53
Environmental Legislation...................................................... 54
Formaldehyde Litigation With Respect to Contracts.............................. 54
Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act........................................ 54
CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES.............................................. 55
General........................................................................ 55
REMICs......................................................................... 56
Classification of REMICs................................................. 56
Characterization of Investments in REMIC Certificates.................... 56
Tiered REMIC Structures.................................................. 57
Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular Certificates............................... 57
General.................................................................. 57
Original Issue Discount.................................................. 57
Market Discount.......................................................... 59
Premium.................................................................. 60
Realized Losses.......................................................... 61
Taxation of Owners of REMIC Residual Certificates.............................. 61
General.................................................................. 61
Taxable Income of the REMIC.............................................. 62
Basis Rules, Net Losses and Distributions................................ 63
Excess Inclusions........................................................ 64
Noneconomic REMIC Residual Certificates.................................. 65
Mark-to-Market Rules..................................................... 66
Possible Pass-Through of Miscellaneous Itemized Deductions............... 66
Sales of REMIC Certificates.............................................. 66
Prohibited Transactions and Other Possible REMIC Taxes................... 67
Tax and Restrictions on Transfers of REMIC Residual Certificates
to Certain Organizations............................................... 68
Termination.............................................................. 69
Reporting and Other Administrative Matters............................... 69
Backup Withholding With Respect to REMIC Certificates.................... 70
Foreign Investors in REMIC Certificates.................................. 70
STATE AND OTHER TAX CONSEQUENCES..................................................... 71
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS................................................................. 71
General........................................................................ 71
Plan Asset Regulations......................................................... 71
Prohibited Transaction Exemptions.............................................. 72
LEGAL INVESTMENT..................................................................... 73
METHOD OF DISTRIBUTION............................................................... 74
LEGAL MATTERS........................................................................ 75
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FINANCIAL INFORMATION................................................................ 75
RATING............................................................................... 75
INDEX OF PRINCIPAL DEFINITIONS....................................................... 76
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<PAGE>
SUMMARY OF PROSPECTUS
The following summary of certain pertinent information is qualified
in its entirety by reference to the more detailed information appearing
elsewhere in this Prospectus and by reference to the information with respect to
each series of Certificates contained in the Prospectus Supplement to be
prepared and delivered in connection with the offering of such series. An Index
of Principal Definitions is included at the end of this Prospectus.
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Title of Certificates..........................................AFC Mortgage Loan Asset Backed Certificates, issuable in
series (the "Certificates").
Depositor......................................................Superior Bank FSB, a federally chartered stock savings bank
(the "Depositor"), will deposit into each Trust Fund
Mortgage Loans originated or purchased by the
Depositor. See "The Depositor".
Servicer.......................................................The servicer (the "Servicer" or the "Lee Servicing Division")
for each series of Certificates will be the Lee Servicing
Company division of the Depositor. See "The Servicer" and
"Description of the Pooling and Servicing
Agreements--Collection and Other Servicing Procedures".
Trustee .......................................................The trustee (the "Trustee") for each series of Certificates will
be named in the related Prospectus Supplement. See
"Description of the Pooling and Servicing Agreements--The
Trustee".
The Trust Funds................................................Each series of Certificates will represent in the aggregate the
entire beneficial ownership interest in a Trust Fund
consisting primarily of:
(a)......................................................Mortgage Loans The Mortgage Loans with respect to each series of
Certificates will consist of a pool (a "Mortgage Pool") of
conventional mortgage loans and/or manufactured housing
conditional sales contracts and installment loan agreements
that are secured by first or second liens on properties
located in any one of the fifty states or the District of
Columbia. Unless otherwise specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, the properties securing the
Mortgage Loans will consist of (i) one- to four-family
residential properties ("Single Family Properties"), (ii)
residential properties consisting of five or more dwelling
units including mixed residential and commercial structures
("Multifamily Properties") and/or (iii) new or used
manufactured homes ("Manufactured Homes"; collectively
with Single Family Properties and Multifamily Properties,
the "Mortgaged Properties"). All Mortgage Loans will have
been originated by the Depositor or will have been
purchased, either directly or indirectly, by the Depositor on
or before the date of initial issuance of the related series of
Certificates from affiliated or unaffiliated sellers, except for
Mortgage Loans purchased subsequently with funds in a
Pre-Funding Account (as defined herein).
Each Mortgage Loan may provide for accrual of interest
thereon at an interest rate (a "Mortgage Rate") that is fixed
over its term or that adjusts from time to time, or that may
be converted from an adjustable to a fixed Mortgage Rate,
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or from a fixed to an adjustable Mortgage Rate, from time
to time at the mortgagor's election, in each case as
described in the related Prospectus Supplement. Each
Mortgage Loan may provide for scheduled payments to
maturity, payments that adjust from time to time to
accommodate changes in the Mortgage Rate or to reflect
the occurrence of certain events, and may provide for
negative amortization or accelerated amortization, in
each case as described in the related Prospectus
Supplement. Each Mortgage Loan may be fully amortizing
or require a balloon payment due on its stated maturity
date, in each case as described in the related
Prospectus Supplement. The Mortgage Loans may provide
for payments of principal, interest or both, on due
dates that occur monthly, quarterly, semi-annually or
at such other interval as is specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement. See "Description of the Trust
Funds--Mortgage Loans".
(b) Principal and Interest
Account and Certificate
Account............................................Each Trust Fund will include one or more accounts (collectively,
the "Principal and Interest Account") established and
maintained on behalf of the Certificateholders into
which the Servicer will, to the extent described herein
and in the related Prospectus Supplement, deposit all
payments and collections received or advanced with
respect to the Mortgage Loans other than (i) the
Depositor's Yield (as defined herein), if any, and (ii)
payments received on or after the Cut-off Date (as
defined herein) in respect of interest accrued on the
Mortgage Loans prior to the Cut-off Date. Each Trust
Fund will also include one or more accounts
(collectively, the "Certificate Account") established
and maintained on behalf of the Certificateholders into
which the Trustee will, to the extent described herein
and in the related Prospectus Supplement, deposit all
amounts remitted by the Servicer from the Principal and
Interest Account and other payments and collections
received from other assets in the Trust Fund or
advanced by the Servicer. Unless otherwise specified in
the related Prospectus Supplement funds held in the
Principal and Interest Account and the Certificate
Account may be invested in certain short-term, high
quality investments. See "Description of the Trust
Funds--Principal and Interest Account; and
"--Certificate Account", and "Description of the
Pooling and Servicing Agreements--Payments on Mortgage
Loans; Deposits to the Principal and Interest Account
and "--Deposits to Certificate Account".
(c) Pre-Funding Account................................If so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
related Trust Fund will include one or more accounts
(collectively, the "Pre-Funding Account") established and
maintained on behalf of the Certificateholders into which the
Trustee will, to the extent described herein and in the
related Prospectus Supplement, deposit amounts received
from the Depositor to be applied to acquire additional
Mortgage Loans subject to certain conditions specified in
the related Prospectus Supplement. See "Description of the
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Trust Funds - Pre-Funding Account", and "Description of
Pooling and Servicing Agreements - Subsequent Mortgage
Loans".
(d) Credit Support.....................................If so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, partial or
full protection against certain defaults and losses on the
Mortgage Loans in the related Trust Fund may be provided
to one or more classes of Certificates of the related series
in the form of subordination of one or more other classes of
Certificates of such series or by one or more other types of
credit support, such as a letter of credit, insurance policy,
guarantee, reserve fund, cross-collateralization,
overcollateralization or another type of credit support, or a
combination thereof (any such coverage with respect to the
Certificates of any series, "Credit Support"). The amount
and types of coverage, the identification of the entity
providing the coverage (if applicable) and related
information with respect to each type of Credit Support, if
any, will be described in the Prospectus Supplement for a
series of Certificates. See "Risk Factors--Credit Support
Limitations" and "Description of Credit Support".
Description of Certificates....................................Each series of Certificates will be issued pursuant to a
Pooling and Servicing Agreement (a "Pooling and Servicing
Agreement") among the Depositor, the Servicer and the
Trustee. Pooling and Servicing Agreements are sometimes
referred to herein as Agreements. Each series of Certificates
will include one or more classes. Each series of Certificates
(including any class or classes of Certificates of such series
not offered hereby) will represent in the aggregate the entire
beneficial ownership interest in a Trust Fund. Each class of
Certificates (other than certain Stripped Interest Certificates,
as defined below) will have a stated principal amount (a
"Certificate Balance") and (other than certain Stripped
Principal Certificates, as defined below) will be entitled to
distributions of interest accrued thereon based on a fixed,
variable or adjustable interest rate (a "Pass-Through Rate").
The related Prospectus Supplement will specify the
Certificate Balance and the Pass-Through Rate for each
class of Certificates, as applicable, or, in the case of a
variable or adjustable Pass-Through Rate, the method for
determining the Pass-Through Rate.
Each series of Certificates will consist of one or more classes
of Certificates that may (i) be senior (collectively,
"Senior Certificates") or subordinate (collectively,
"Subordinate Certificates") to one or more other
classes of Certificates in respect of certain
distributions on the Certificates; (ii) be entitled to
principal distributions, with disproportionately low,
nominal or no interest distributions (collectively,
"Stripped Principal Certificates"); (iii) be entitled
to interest distributions, with disproportionately low,
nominal or no principal distributions (collectively,
"Stripped Interest Certificates"); (iv) provide for
distributions of accrued interest thereon only
following the occurrence of certain events, such as the
retirement of one or more other classes of Certificates
of such series (collectively, "Accrual
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Certificates"); and/or (v) provide for payments of
principal sequentially, based on specified payment
schedules or other methodologies, to the extent of
available funds, in each case as described in the
related Prospectus Supplement. Any such classes may
include classes of Offered Certificates.
Asto each series of Certificates, unless otherwise
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, one or
more elections will be made to treat the Trust Fund or
a designated portion thereof as a "real estate mortgage
investment conduit" or "REMIC" as defined in the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the "Code").
The Certificates will not represent an obligation of or interest
in the Depositor, the Servicer or any of their respective
affiliates except as set forth herein, nor will the Certificates
or any Mortgage Loans be guaranteed or insured by the
Depositor or any of its affiliates, by any governmental
agency or instrumentality or by any other person, unless
otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement.
See "Risk Factors--Limited Assets and Obligations" and
"Description of the Certificates".
Distributions of Interest of
Certificates.............................................Interest on each class of Offered Certificates (other than
certain classes of Stripped Interest Certificates and Stripped
Principal Certificates) of each series will accrue at the
applicable Pass-Through Rate on the outstanding Certificate
Balance thereof and will be distributed to Certificateholders
as provided in the related Prospectus Supplement (each of
the specified dates on which distributions are to be made, a
"Remittance Date"). Distributions with respect to interest on
Stripped Interest Certificates may be made on each
Remittance Date on the basis of a notional amount as
described in the related Prospectus Supplement.
Distributions of interest with respect to one or more classes
of Certificates may be reduced to the extent of certain
delinquencies and other contingencies described herein and
in the related Prospectus Supplement. See "Risk Factors--
Average Life of Certificates; Prepayments; Yields", "Yield
Considerations", and "Description of the Certificates--
Distributions of Interest on the Certificates".
Distributions of Principal on
Certificates.............................................The Certificates of each series (other than certain classes of
Stripped Interest Certificates) initially will have an
aggregate Certificate Balance no greater than the
outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loans
included in the related Trust Fund as of, unless the
related Prospectus Supplement provides otherwise, the
first day of the month of formation of the related
Trust Fund (the "Cut-off Date"). The Certificate
Balance of a Certificate outstanding from time to time
represents the maximum amount that the holder thereof
is then entitled to receive in respect of principal
from future cash flow on the assets in the related
Trust Fund. Unless otherwise provided in the related
Prospectus Supplement, distributions of principal will
be made on each Remittance
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Date to the class or classes of Certificates entitled
thereto until the Certificate Balances of such
Certificates have been reduced to zero. Distributions
of principal on any class of Certificates entitled
thereto will be made on a pro rata basis among all of
the Certificates of such class. Stripped Interest
Certificates with no Certificate Balance or a notional
balance will not receive distributions in respect of
principal. Distributions of principal on any series of
Certificates or with respect to one or more classes
included therein may be reduced to the extent of
delinquencies and other contingencies described herein
and in the related Prospectus Supplement and not
otherwise covered by Credit Support, if any. See
"Description of the Certificates--Distributions of
Principal of the Certificates".
Monthly Advances...............................................The Servicer, directly or through Sub-Servicers (as defined
herein), will service and administer the Mortgage Loans
included in each Trust Fund and, unless otherwise provided
in the related Prospectus Supplement, will be obligated as
part of its servicing responsibilities to make certain
advances (each, a "Monthly Advance") with respect to
delinquent scheduled payments of interest on the Mortgage
Loans in such Trust Fund. Monthly Advances made by the
Servicer are reimbursable generally from subsequent
recoveries in respect of such Mortgage Loans and otherwise
to the extent described herein and in the related Prospectus
Supplement. See "Description of the Certificates--Monthly
Advances in Respect of Delinquencies".
Compensating Interest..........................................Unless otherwise specified in the Prospectus Supplement for
a series of Certificates, the Servicer will be required to
remit to the Trustee on the date specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement as the "Determination Date", with
respect to each Mortgage Loan in the related Trust Fund as
to which a principal prepayment in full (a "Principal
Prepayment") or a principal payment which is in excess of
four times the scheduled monthly payment and is not
intended to cure a delinquency (a "Curtailment") was
received during the calendar month preceding the month in
which such Determination Date occurs (a "Due Period"), an
amount, from and to the extent of amounts otherwise
payable to the Servicer as servicing compensation, equal to
the excess, if any, of (a) 30 days' interest on the principal
balance of the related Mortgage Loan at the Mortgage Rate
net of the per annum rate at which the Servicer's servicing
fee accrues, over (b) the amount of interest actually
received on such Mortgage Loan during such Due Period,
net of the Servicer's servicing fee. See "Description of the
Certificates--Compensating Interest".
Termination....................................................Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement, a series of Certificates will be subject to
optional early termination through the repurchase of the
Mortgage Loans in the related Trust Fund by the Servicer,
under the circumstances and in the manner set forth herein.
See "Description of the Certificates--Termination".
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If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, a
series of Certificates may also be subject to optional
early termination through the repurchase of the assets
in the related Trust Fund by the provider of Credit
Support or the holders of Certificates of a specified
class under the circumstances and in the manner set
forth therein.
Depositor's Yield..............................................For each Mortgage Loan, the "Depositor's Yield" represents
the right to receive all prepayment penalties and
premiums collected on the Mortgage Loan and certain
other amounts if specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. Unless otherwise specified in the
Prospectus Supplement for a series of Certificates, the
Depositor's Yield will be retained by the Depositor and
will not be a part of any Trust Fund.
Registration of Certificates...................................If so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, one or
more classes of the Offered Certificates will initially be
represented by one or more Certificates registered in the
name of CEDE & Co., as the nominee of The Depository
Trust Company ("DTC") in the United States, or Centrale
de Livraison de Valeurs Mobilieres S.A. ("CEDEL") or the
Euroclear System ("Euroclear") in Europe. Transfers within
DTC, CEDEL or Euroclear, as the case may be, will be in
accordance with the usual rules and operating procedures of
the relevant system. No person acquiring an interest in
Offered Certificates so registered will be entitled to receive
a definitive certificate representing such person's interest
except in the event that definitive certificates are issued
under the limited circumstances described herein. See "Risk
Factors--Book-Entry Registration" and "Description of the
Certificates--Book-Entry Registration and Definitive
Certificates".
Tax Status of the Certificates.................................The Certificates of each series will constitute "regular
interests" ("REMIC Regular Certificates") and "residual
interests" ("REMIC Residual Certificates") in one or more
REMICs under Sections 860A through 860G of the Code,
unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. See "Certain Federal Income Tax
Consequences" herein and in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
REMIC Regular Certificates generally will be treated as debt
obligations of the applicable REMIC for federal income tax
purposes. In general, to the extent the assets and income of
the REMIC are treated as qualifying assets and income
under the following sections of the Code, REMIC Regular
Certificates (i) owned by a thrift institution will be treated
as "qualifying real property loans" within the meaning of
Section 593(d) of the Code and "obligations secured
principally by an interest in real property" for purposes of
Section 7701(a)(19)(C) of the Code and (ii) owned by a real
estate investment trust will be treated as "real estate assets"
for purposes of Section 856(c)(5)(A) of the Code and
interest income therefrom will be treated as "interest on
obligations secured by mortgages on real property" for
purposes of Section 856(c)(3)(B) of the Code. In addition,
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REMIC Regular Certificates will be "obligations . . .
which . . . are principally secured by an interest in
real property" within the meaning of Section
860G(a)(3)(C) of the Code. Moreover, if 95% or more of
the assets and the income of the REMIC qualify for any
of the foregoing treatments, the REMIC Regular
Certificates will qualify for the foregoing treatments
in their entirety. Holders of REMIC Regular
Certificates must report income with respect thereto on
the accrual method, regardless of their method of tax
accounting generally. Holders of any class of REMIC
Regular Certificates issued with original issue
discount generally will be required to include the
original issue discount in income as it accrues, which
will be determined using an initial prepayment
assumption and taking into account, from time to time,
actual prepayments occurring at a rate different than
the prepayment assumption.
REMIC Residual Certificates generally will be treated as
representing an interest in qualifying assets and income to
the same extent described above for institutions subject to
Sections 593(d), 856(c)(5)(A), 856(c)(3)(B) and
7701(a)(19)(C) of the Code. A portion (or, in certain cases,
all) of the income from REMIC Residual Certificates (i)
may not be offset by any losses from other activities of the
holder of such REMIC Residual Certificates (except
generally with respect to thrift institutions described in
Section 593 of the Code, if such REMIC Residual
Certificate has "significant value"), (ii) may be treated as
unrelated business taxable income, for holders of REMIC
Residual Certificates that are subject to tax on unrelated
business taxable income (as defined in Section 511 of the
Code), and (iii) may be subject to foreign withholding rules.
In addition, transfers of certain REMIC Residual
Certificates may be prohibited, or may be disregarded under
some circumstances for all federal income tax purposes. See
"Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences--REMICs
--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Residual Certificates",
"--Excess Inclusions" and "--Noneconomic REMIC
Residual Certificates".
Investors are advised to consult their tax advisors and to
review "Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences" herein
and in the related Prospectus Supplement.
ERISA Considerations...........................................A fiduciary of an employee benefit plan and certain other
retirement plans and arrangements, including individual
retirement accounts, annuities, Keogh plans, and collective
investment funds and separate accounts in which such plans,
accounts, annuities or arrangements are invested, that is
subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of
1974, as amended ("ERISA"), or Section 4975 of the Code
should carefully review with its legal advisors whether the
purchase or holding of Offered Certificates could give rise
to a transaction that is prohibited or is not otherwise
permissible either under ERISA or Section 4975 of the
Code. See "ERISA Considerations" herein and in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
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Legal Investment...............................................Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the Offered Certificates will not constitute
"mortgage related securities" for purposes of the Secondary
Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984. Accordingly,
investors whose investment authority is subject to legal
restrictions should consult their own legal advisors to
determine whether and to what extent the Offered
Certificates constitute legal investments for them. See
"Legal Investment" herein and in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
Rating......................................................... At the date of issuance, as to each series, each class of
Offered Certificates will be rated in one of the four highest
rating categories by one or more nationally recognized
statistical rating agencies (each, a "Rating Agency"). See
"Rating" herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement.
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RISK FACTORS
In connection with the purchase of Offered Certificates, investors
should pay particular attention to the following factors and certain other
factors as may be set forth under the caption "Risk Factors" in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
LIMITED LIQUIDITY
There can be no assurance that a secondary market for the Offered
Certificates of any series will develop or, if it does develop, that it will
provide holders with liquidity of investment or will continue while Certificates
of such series remain outstanding. The Offered Certificates will not be listed
on any securities exchange. The market value of Certificates will fluctuate with
changes in prevailing rates of interest and prepayments. Consequently, a sale of
Certificates by a holder in any secondary market that may develop may be at a
discount from 100% of their original principal balance or from their purchase
price. Furthermore, secondary market purchasers may look only hereto, to the
related Prospectus Supplement and to the reports to Certificateholders delivered
pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement as described herein under the
heading "Description of the Certificates--Reports to Certificateholders";
"--Book-Entry Registration and Definitive Certificates" and "Description of the
Pooling and Servicing Agreements--Evidence as to Compliance" for information
concerning the Certificates. Issuance of the Offered Certificates in book-entry
form may also reduce the liquidity of such Certificates since investors may be
unwilling to purchase Certificates for which they cannot obtain physical
certificates. See "Risk Factors--Book-Entry Registration". Except to the extent
described herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement, Certificateholders
will have no redemption rights and the Certificates are subject to early
retirement only under certain specified circumstances described herein and in
the related Prospectus Supplement. See "Description of the Certificates--
Termination". Each class of Offered Certificates of a series will be issued in
minimum denominations corresponding to Certificate Balances or, in the case of
Stripped Interest Certificates, notional amounts specified in the Prospectus
Supplement for such series.
LIMITED ASSETS AND OBLIGATIONS
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, a
series of Certificates will not have any claim against or security interest in
the Trust Fund for any other series. If the related Trust Fund is insufficient
to make payments on the related Certificates, no other assets will be available
for payment of the deficiency. Additionally, certain amounts remaining in
certain funds or accounts, including the Principal and Interest Account,
Certificate Account and any accounts maintained as Credit Support, may be
withdrawn under certain conditions, as described in the related Prospectus
Supplement. In the event of such withdrawal, such amounts will not be available
for future payment of principal or interest on the Certificates. If so provided
in the Prospectus Supplement for a series of Certificates consisting of one or
more classes of Subordinate Certificates, on any Remittance Date in respect of
which losses or shortfalls in collections on the Mortgage Loans have been
incurred, the amount of such losses or shortfalls will be borne first by one or
more classes of the Subordinate Certificates, and, thereafter, by the remaining
classes of Certificates in the priority and manner and subject to the
limitations specified in such Prospectus Supplement.
The Certificates will not represent an obligation of or interest in
the Depositor, the Servicer or any of their respective affiliates. The only
obligations of the foregoing entities with respect to the Certificates or the
Mortgage Loans will be obligations (if any) of the Depositor and the Servicer
pursuant to certain limited representations and warranties made with respect to
the Mortgage Loans, the Servicer's servicing obligations under the related
Pooling and Servicing Agreement (including its limited obligation to make
certain advances in the event of delinquencies with respect to interest on the
Mortgage Loans, and, if and to the extent expressly described in the related
Prospectus Supplement, certain limited obligations of the Depositor or Servicer
in connection with an agreement to purchase or act as a remarketing agent with
respect to a Convertible Mortgage Loan (as defined herein) upon conversion to a
fixed rate. Except as so described in the related Prospectus Supplement, neither
the Certificates nor the underlying Mortgage Loans will be guaranteed or insured
by any governmental agency or instrumentality, or by the Depositor, the Servicer
or any of their respective affiliates. Proceeds of the assets included in the
related Trust Fund for a series of Certificates (including the Mortgage Loans
and any Credit Support) will be the sole source of payments on the Certificates,
and there will be no recourse to the Depositor or the Servicer or any of their
respective affiliates in the event that such proceeds are insufficient or
otherwise unavailable to make all payments provided for under the Certificates.
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AVERAGE LIFE OF CERTIFICATES; PREPAYMENTS; YIELDS
Prepayments (including liquidations due to defaults and repurchases
due to conversion of Convertible Mortgage Loans to fixed interest rate loans,
breaches of representations and warranties or exercise of a repurchase option
upon default) on the Mortgage Loans in any Trust Fund generally will result in a
faster rate of principal payments on one or more classes of the related
Certificates than if payments on such Mortgage Loans were made as scheduled.
Thus, the prepayment experience on the Mortgage Loans may affect the average
life of each class of related Certificates. The rate of principal payments on
pools of mortgage loans varies between pools and from time to time is influenced
by a variety of economic, demographic, geographic, social, tax, legal and other
factors. There can be no assurance as to the rate of prepayment on the Mortgage
Loans in any Trust Fund or that the rate of payments will conform to any model
described herein or in any Prospectus Supplement. If prevailing interest rates
fall significantly below (or rise significantly above) the applicable mortgage
rates, principal prepayments are likely to be higher (or lower) than if
prevailing rates remain at the rates borne by the Mortgage Loans underlying or
comprising the Mortgage Loans in any Trust Fund. As a result, the actual
maturity of any class of Certificates could occur significantly earlier (or
later) than expected. A series of Certificates may include one or more classes
of Certificates with priorities of payment and, as a result, yields on other
classes of Certificates, including classes of Offered Certificates, of such
series may be more sensitive to prepayments on Mortgage Loans. A series of
Certificates may include one or more classes offered at a significant premium or
discount. Yields on such classes of Certificates will be sensitive, and in some
cases extremely sensitive, to prepayments on Mortgage Loans and, where the
amount of interest payable with respect to a class is disproportionately high,
as compared to the amount of principal, as with certain classes of Stripped
Interest Certificates, a holder might, in some prepayment scenarios, fail to
recoup its original investment. A series of Certificates may include one or more
classes of Certificates ("Accrual Certificates"), including classes of Offered
Certificates, with respect to which certain accrued certificate interest will
not be distributed but rather will be added to the principal balance thereof
and, as a result, yields on such Certificates will be sensitive to (a) the
provisions of such Accrual Certificates relating to the timing of distributions
of interest thereon and (b) if such Accrual Certificates accrue interest at a
variable or adjustable Pass-Through Rate, changes in such rate. See "Yield
Considerations" herein and, if applicable, in the related Prospectus Supplement.
LIMITED NATURE OF RATINGS
A security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold
securities and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time. No person
is obligated to maintain the rating on any Certificate. In the event the rating
is revised or withdrawn, the liquidity of the Certificates may be adversely
affected.
Any rating assigned by a Rating Agency to a class of Certificates
will reflect such Rating Agency's assessment solely of the likelihood that
holders of Certificates of such class will receive payments to which such
Certificateholders are entitled under the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement. Such rating will not constitute an assessment of the likelihood that
principal prepayments on the related Mortgage Loans will be made, the degree to
which the rate of such prepayments might differ from that originally anticipated
or the likelihood of early optional termination of the series of Certificates.
Such rating will not address the possibility that prepayment at higher or lower
rates than anticipated by an investor may cause such investor to experience a
lower than anticipated yield or that an investor purchasing a Certificate at a
significant premium might fail to recoup its initial investment under certain
prepayment scenarios. Each Prospectus Supplement will identify any payment to
which holders of Offered Certificates of the related series are entitled that is
not covered by the applicable rating.
The amount, type and nature of credit support, if any, established
with respect to a series of Certificates will be determined on the basis of
criteria established by each Rating Agency rating classes of such series. Such
criteria are sometimes based upon an actuarial analysis of the behavior of
mortgage loans in a larger group. Such analysis is often the basis upon which
each Rating Agency determines the amount of credit support required with respect
to each such class. There can be no assurance that the historical data
supporting any such actuarial analysis will accurately reflect future experience
nor any assurance that the data derived from a large pool of mortgage loans
accurately predicts the delinquency, foreclosure or loss experience of any
particular pool of Mortgage Loans. In addition, adverse economic conditions
(which may or may not affect real property values) may affect the timely payment
by mortgagors of scheduled payments of principal and interest on the Mortgage
Loans and, accordingly, the rates of delinquencies, foreclosures and losses with
respect to any Trust Fund. To the extent that such losses
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are not covered by Credit Support, such losses will be borne by the holders of
one or more classes of the Certificates of the related series. See
"Description of Credit Support" and "Rating".
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES
INVESTMENT IN THE MORTGAGE LOANS. An investment in securities such as
the Offered Certificates will represent interests in mortgage loans and/or
manufactured housing conditional sales contracts and installment loan agreements
and may be affected by, among other things, a decline in real estate values. No
assurance can be given that values of the Mortgaged Properties will remain at
the levels existing on the dates of origination of the related Mortgage Loans.
If the residential real estate market should experience an overall decline in
property values such that the outstanding balances of the Mortgage Loans, and
any secondary financing on the Mortgaged Properties, become equal to or greater
than the value of the Mortgaged Properties, the actual rates of delinquencies,
foreclosures and losses could be higher than those now generally experienced in
the mortgage lending industry. In addition, in the case of Mortgage Loans that
are subject to negative amortization, due to the addition to the principal
balance of that portion of interest that has accrued but is not payable in any
month because the amount of interest accrued in such month exceeded the
scheduled payment on the Mortgage Loan (such portion of interest, "Deferred
Interest"), the principal balances of such Mortgage Loans could be increased to
an amount equal to or in excess of the value of the underlying Mortgaged
Properties, thereby increasing the likelihood of default. To the extent that
such losses are not covered by the applicable Credit Support, holders of
Certificates of the series evidencing interest in the related Mortgage Pool will
bear all risk of loss resulting from default by Mortgagors and will have to look
primarily to the value of the Mortgaged Properties for recovery of the
outstanding principal and unpaid interest on the defaulted Mortgage Loans.
Certain of the types of loans which may be included in the Mortgage Pools may
involve additional uncertainties not present in traditional types of loans. For
example, certain of the Mortgage Loans may provide for escalating or variable
payments by the borrower under the Mortgage Loan (the "Mortgagor") as to which
the Mortgagor is generally qualified on the basis of the initial payment amount.
In some instances the Mortgagor's income may not be sufficient to enable the
Mortgagor to continue to make required loan payments as such payments increase
and thus the likelihood of default will increase. To the extent that such losses
are not covered by Credit Support, holders of the Certificates will bear all
risk of loss resulting from default by Mortgagors and will have to look
primarily to the value of the Mortgaged Properties for recovery of the
outstanding principal and unpaid interest of the defaulted Mortgage Loans. In
addition to the foregoing, certain geographic regions of the United States from
time to time will experience weaker regional economic conditions and housing
markets, and, consequently, will experience higher rates of loss and delinquency
on mortgage loans generally. Any concentration of the Mortgage Loans in such a
region may present risk considerations in addition to those generally present
for similar mortgage-backed securities without such concentration.
Certain of the Mortgage Loans included in a Trust Fund, particularly
those secured by Multifamily Properties, may not be fully amortizing over their
terms to maturity and, thus, will require substantial payments of principal
(that is, balloon payments) at their stated maturity. Mortgage Loans of this
type involve a greater degree of risk than self-amortizing loans because the
ability of a Mortgagor to make a balloon payment typically will depend upon its
ability either to fully refinance the loan or to sell the related Mortgaged
Property at a price sufficient to permit the Mortgagor to make the balloon
payment. The ability of a Mortgagor to accomplish either of these goals will be
affected by a number of factors, including the value of the related Mortgaged
Property, the level of available mortgage rates at the time of sale or
refinancing, the Mortgagor's equity in the related Mortgaged Property,
prevailing general economic conditions, the availability of credit for loans
secured by comparable real properties and, in the case of Multifamily
Properties, the financial condition and operating history of the Mortgagor and
the related Mortgaged Property, tax laws and rent control laws.
Mortgage Loans secured by Multifamily Properties may entail risks of
delinquency and foreclosure, and risks of loss in the event thereof, that are
greater than similar risks associated with loans secured by Single Family
Properties. The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by an
income-producing property typically is dependent primarily upon the successful
operation of such property rather than upon the existence of independent income
or assets of the borrower; thus, the value of an income-producing property is
directly related to the net operating income derived from such property. If the
net operating income of the property is reduced (for example, if rental or
occupancy rates decline or real estate tax rates or other operating expenses
increase), the borrower's ability to repay the loan may be impaired. In
addition, the concentration of default, foreclosure and loss risk for a pool of
Mortgage Loans secured by Multifamily Properties may be greater than for a pool
of Mortgage Loans
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secured by Single Family Properties of comparable aggregate unpaid principal
balance because the pool of Mortgage Loans secured by Multifamily Properties is
likely to consist of a smaller number of higher balance loans.
Additional special risks associated with particular types of Mortgage
Loans may be specified in the related Prospectus Supplement.
SECOND LIENS. Certain of the Mortgage Loans may be secured by second
liens and the related first liens ("First Liens") may not be included in the
Mortgage Pool. The primary risk to holders of Mortgage Loans secured by second
liens is the possibility that adequate funds will not be received in connection
with a foreclosure of the related First Lien to satisfy fully both the First
Lien and the Mortgage Loan. In the event that a holder of the First Lien
forecloses on a Mortgaged Property, the proceeds of the foreclosure or similar
sale will be applied first to the payment of court costs and fees in connection
with the foreclosure, second to real estate taxes, third in satisfaction of all
principal, interest, prepayment or acceleration penalties, if any, and any other
sums due and owing to the holder of the First Lien. The claims of the holder of
the First Lien will be satisfied in full out of proceeds of the liquidation of
the Mortgage Loan, if such proceeds are sufficient, before the Trust Fund as
holder of the second lien receives any payments in respect of the Mortgage Loan.
If the Servicer were to foreclose on any Mortgage Loan, it would do so subject
to any related First Lien. In order for the debt related to the Mortgage Loan to
be paid in full at such sale, a bidder at the foreclosure sale of such Mortgage
Loan would have to bid an amount sufficient to pay off all sums due under the
Mortgage Loan and the First Lien or purchase the Mortgaged Property subject to
the First Lien. In the event that such proceeds from a foreclosure or similar
sale of the related Mortgaged Property are insufficient to satisfy both loans in
the aggregate, the Trust Fund, as the holder of the second lien, and,
accordingly, holders of the Certificates bear (i) the risk of delay in
distributions while a deficiency judgment against the borrower is obtained and
(ii) the risk of loss if the deficiency judgment is not realized upon. Moreover,
deficiency judgments may not be available in certain jurisdictions. In addition,
a second mortgagee may not foreclose on the property securing a second mortgage
unless it forecloses subject to the first mortgage.
Even assuming that the Mortgaged Properties provide adequate security
for the Mortgage Loans, substantial delays could be encountered in connection
with the liquidation of defaulted Mortgage Loans and corresponding delays in the
receipt of related proceeds by Certificateholders could occur. An action to
foreclose on a Mortgaged Property securing a Mortgage Loan is regulated by state
statutes and rules and is subject to many of the delays and expenses of other
lawsuits if defenses or counterclaims are interposed, sometimes requiring
several years to complete. Furthermore, in some states an action to obtain a
deficiency judgment is not permitted following a nonjudicial sale of a Mortgaged
Property. In the event of a default by a Mortgagor, these restrictions, among
other things, may impede the ability of the Servicer to foreclose on or sell the
Mortgaged Property or to obtain liquidation proceeds sufficient to repay all
amounts due on the related Mortgage Loan. In addition, the Servicer will be
entitled to deduct from related liquidation proceeds all expenses reasonably
incurred in attempting to recover amounts due on defaulted Mortgage Loans and
not yet repaid, including payments to senior lienholders, legal fees and costs
of legal action, real estate taxes and maintenance and preservation expenses.
Liquidation expenses with respect to defaulted second mortgage loans
do not vary directly with the outstanding principal balance of the loan at the
time of default. Therefore, assuming that a servicer took the same steps in
realizing upon a defaulted second mortgage loan having a small remaining
principal balance as it would in the case of a defaulted second mortgage loan
having a large remaining principal balance, the amount realized after expenses
of liquidation would be smaller as a percentage of the outstanding principal
balance of the defaulted second mortgage loan having a small remaining principal
balance than would be the case with the defaulted second mortgage loan having a
large remaining principal balance. Because the average outstanding principal
balance of the Mortgage Loans is smaller relative to the size of the average
outstanding principal balance of the loans in a typical pool of conventional
first priority mortgage loans, liquidation proceeds may also be smaller as a
percentage of the principal balance of a Mortgage Loan than would be the case in
a typical pool of conventional first priority mortgage loans. Similarly, the
smaller the balance of the Mortgage Loan is in relation to the First Lien, the
greater may be the potential is for losses on the Mortgage Loan.
BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS. If so provided in the Prospectus Supplement
for a series of Certificates, certain of the Mortgagors may be subject to a
repayment plan (a "Bankruptcy Plan"), filed in proceedings under Chapter 7 or 13
of Title 11, United States Bankruptcy Code (the "Bankruptcy Code"). The
Bankruptcy Plan may permit the debtor to cure defaults with respect to the
monthly payments due in respect of its Mortgage Loan (such Mortgage Loan, a
"Bankruptcy Loan") by scheduling payments to pay arrearages in monthly
installments, within a reasonable
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time period (each such payment, a "Plan Payment"), and reinstating the original
loan payment schedule. The debtor may be required to make Plan Payments to the
bankruptcy trustee (unless otherwise ordered by the court), which payments the
bankruptcy trustee then distributes to creditors, and to continue to make
payments due under its Mortgage Note after the effectiveness of the Bankruptcy
Plan to the mortgagee named therein in accordance with the provisions of the
Bankruptcy Plan. To the extent that losses are not covered by Credit Support,
holders of the Certificates representing an interest in a Trust Fund including
Bankruptcy Loans will bear all risk of loss resulting from default by the
Mortgagors and will have to look primarily to the value of the Mortgaged
Properties for recovery of the outstanding principal and unpaid interest of the
defaulted Bankruptcy Loans.
DELINQUENT LOANS. Certain of the Mortgage Loans in a Trust Fund may
be up to three months past due as of the related Cut-off Date. The primary risk
for holders of Certificates evidencing an interest in such Trust Fund is the
increased possibility of (i) the foreclosure of such Mortgage Loan, (ii) the
Trustee taking possession of the Mortgaged Property by deed-in-lieu of
foreclosure, or (iii) the related Mortgagor becoming subject to bankruptcy
proceedings with attendant delays in payment and the further possibility that
such Mortgage Loan may become a Bankruptcy Loan.
REGULATORY MATTERS. Applicable state laws generally regulate interest
rates and other charges, require certain disclosures, and require licensing of
certain originators and servicers of Mortgage Loans. In addition, most states
have other laws, public policy and general principles of equity relating to the
protection of consumers and unfair and deceptive practices which may apply to
the origination, servicing and collection of the Mortgage Loans. Depending on
the provisions of the applicable law and the specific facts and circumstances
involved, violations of these laws, policies and principles may limit the
ability of the Servicer to collect all or part of the principal of or interest
on the Mortgage Loans, may entitle the borrower to a refund of amounts
previously paid and, in addition, could subject the Servicer to damages and
administrative sanctions. See "Certain Legal Aspects of The Mortgage Loans".
The Mortgage Loans are also subject to federal laws, including: (i)
the Federal Truth-in-Lending Act and Regulation Z promulgated thereunder, which
require certain disclosures to the borrowers regarding the terms of the Mortgage
Loans; (ii) the Equal Credit Opportunity Act and Regulation B promulgated
thereunder, which prohibit discrimination on the basis of age, race, color, sex,
religion, marital status, national origin, receipt of public assistance or the
exercise of any right under the Consumer Credit Protection Act, in the extension
of credit; and (iii) the Fair Credit Reporting Act, which regulates the use and
reporting of information related to the borrower's credit experience. The
Contracts are also subject to general equitable principles and other rules in
consumer credit transactions, such as the "Holder-in-Due Course" Rule of the
Federal Trade Commission. See "Certain Legal Aspects of the Mortgage
Loans--Consumer Protection Laws with respect to Contracts." Moreover, the
Contracts may be subject to potential personal injury litigation based on claims
of exposure to the chemical formaldehyde. See "Certain Legal Aspects of the
Mortgage Loans--Formaldehyde Litigation with respect to Contracts".
If applicable, certain legal aspects of the Mortgage Loans for a
series of Certificates may be described in the related Prospectus Supplement.
See also "Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans" herein.
BALLOON PAYMENTS. Certain of the Mortgage Loans as of the Cut-off
Date may not be fully amortizing over their terms to maturity and, thus, will
require substantial principal payments (i.e., balloon payments) at their stated
maturity. Mortgage Loans with balloon payments involve a greater degree of risk
because the ability of a mortgagor to make a balloon payment typically will
depend upon its ability either to timely refinance the loan or to timely sell
the related Mortgaged Property. The ability of a mortgagor to accomplish either
of these goals will be affected by a number of factors, including the level of
available mortgage rates at the time of sale or refinancing, the mortgagor's
equity in the related Mortgaged Property, the financial condition of the
mortgagor and applicable tax laws. Because Mortgagors of Mortgage Loans with
balloon payments are required to make substantial principal payments upon
maturity, the default risk associated with Mortgage Loans with balloon payments
is greater than that associated with fully amortizing loans.
CREDIT SUPPORT LIMITATIONS
The Prospectus Supplement for a series of Certificates will describe
any Credit Support for such series, which may include letters of credit,
insurance policies, guarantees, reserve funds, cross-collateralization,
overcollateralization or other types of credit support, or combinations thereof.
Use of Credit Support will be subject
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to the conditions and limitations described herein and in the related Prospectus
Supplement. Moreover, such Credit Support may not cover all potential losses or
risks. For example, Credit Support may or may not cover fraud or negligence by a
mortgage loan originator or other parties.
A series of Certificates may include one or more classes of
Subordinate Certificates (which may include Offered Certificates), if so
provided in the related Prospectus Supplement. Although subordination is
intended to reduce the risk to holders of Senior Certificates of delinquent
distributions or ultimate losses, the amount of subordination will be limited
and may decline under certain circumstances. In addition, if principal payments
on one or more classes of Certificates of a series are made in a specified order
of priority, any limits with respect to the aggregate amount of claims under any
related Credit Support may be exhausted before the principal of the lower
priority classes of Certificates of such series has been repaid. As a result,
the impact of significant losses and shortfalls on the Mortgage Loans may fall
primarily upon those classes of Certificates having a lower priority of payment.
Moreover, if a form of Credit Support covers more than one pool of Mortgage
Loans in a Trust (each, a "Covered Pool") or more than one series of
Certificates (each, a "Covered Trust"), holders of Certificates evidencing an
interest in a Covered Pool or a Covered Trust will be subject to the risk that
such Credit Support will be exhausted by the claims of other Covered Pools or
Covered Trusts.
The amount of any applicable Credit Support supporting one or more
classes of Offered Certificates, including the subordination of one or more
classes of Certificates, will be determined on the basis of criteria established
by each Rating Agency rating such classes of Certificates based on assumptions
regarding levels of defaults, delinquencies and losses and on other factors.
There can, however, be no assurance that the loss experience on the related
Mortgage Loans will not exceed such assumed levels. See "--Limited Nature of
Ratings", "Description of the Certificates" and "Description of Credit Support".
ENFORCEABILITY
Mortgages will contain a due-on-sale clause which permits the lender
to accelerate the maturity of the Mortgage Loan if the mortgagor sells,
transfers or conveys the related Mortgaged Property or its interest in the
Mortgaged Property. Mortgages may also include a debt-acceleration clause, which
permits the lender to accelerate the debt upon a monetary or non-monetary
default of the mortgagor. Such clauses are generally enforceable subject to
certain exceptions. The courts of all states will enforce clauses providing for
acceleration in the event of a material payment default. The equity courts of
any state, however, may refuse the foreclosure of a mortgage or deed of trust
when an acceleration of the indebtedness would be inequitable or unjust or the
circumstances would render the acceleration unconscionable.
THE STATUS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS IN THE EVENT OF INSOLVENCY OF THE DEPOSITOR
The Depositor believes that the transfer of the Mortgage Loans by it
to a Trust Fund and the sale of Certificates to an independent third party for
fair value and without recourse will constitute absolute and unconditional
sales. However, in the event of an insolvency and receivership of the Depositor
at a time when it or any affiliate holds Certificates, the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation (the "FDIC") as its receiver, for purposes of such a
receivership, could attempt to recharacterize the sale of the Mortgage Loans by
the Depositor as a borrowing by the Depositor or such affiliate from the holders
of the Certificates, secured by a pledge of the Mortgage Loans. Such an attempt,
even if unsuccessful, could result in delays in payments on the Certificates. If
such an attempt were successful, the FDIC could elect to liquidate the Mortgage
Loans and accelerate payment of the Certificates with the holders thereof
entitled to the then outstanding principal amount thereof, if any, together with
interest at the applicable Pass-Through Rate to the date of payment. Thus, the
holders of Certificates could lose the right to future payments of interest, and
might suffer reinvestment loss in a lower interest rate environment and, in the
case of certain Stripped Interest Certificates, may fail to recoup the value of
their investment.
LIMITATIONS ON INTEREST PAYMENTS AND FORECLOSURES
Application of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940,
as amended (the "Relief Act"), may adversely affect, for an indeterminate period
of time, the ability of the Servicer to collect full amounts of interest on
certain of the Mortgage Loans. Any shortfall in interest collections resulting
from the application of the Relief Act or similar legislation, which would not
be recoverable from the related Mortgage Loans, or which would not be covered by
any applicable Credit Support, would result in a reduction of the amounts
distributable to the holders
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of the Offered Certificates of any series. In addition, the Relief Act imposes
limitations that would impair the ability of the Servicer to foreclose on an
affected Mortgage Loan or enforce rights under a Contract during the Mortgagor's
period of active duty status, and, under certain circumstances, during an
additional three month period thereafter. Thus, in the event that the Relief Act
or similar legislation applies to any Mortgage Loan which goes into default,
there may be delays in payment on the Certificates or losses in connection
therewith. Any other interest shortfalls, deferrals or forgiveness of payments
on the Mortgage Loans resulting from similar legislation or regulations may
result in delays in payments or losses to Certificateholders.
ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS
Real property pledged as security for a mortgage loan may be subject
to certain environmental risks. Under the laws of certain states, contamination
of a property may give rise to a lien on the property to assure the costs of
cleanup. In several states, such a lien has priority over the lien of an
existing mortgage against such property. In addition, under the laws of some
states and under the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation
and Liability Act of 1980 ("CERCLA"), a lender may be liable, as an "owner" or
"operator", for costs of addressing releases or threatened releases of hazardous
substances that require remedy at a property, if agents or employees of the
lender have become sufficiently involved in the operations of the mortgagor,
regardless of whether or not the environmental damage or threat was caused by a
prior owner. See "Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans--Environmental
Legislation".
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
Generally, ERISA applies to investments made by employee benefit
plans and other retirement arrangements and transactions involving the assets of
such plans and arrangements. Due to the complexity of regulations which govern
such plans, prospective investors that are subject to ERISA are urged to consult
their own counsel regarding consequences under ERISA of the acquisition,
ownership and disposition of the Offered Certificates of any series. ee "ERISA
Considerations".
CERTAIN FEDERAL TAX CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING REMIC RESIDUAL CERTIFICATES
Holders of REMIC Residual Certificates will be required to report on
their federal income tax returns as ordinary income their pro rata share of the
taxable income of the REMIC, regardless of the amount or timing of their receipt
of cash payments, as described in "Certain Federal Income Tax
Consequences--REMICs". Accordingly, under certain circumstances, holders of
Offered Certificates that constitute REMIC Residual Certificates may have
taxable income and tax liabilities arising from such investment during a taxable
year in excess of the cash received during such period. The requirement that
holders of REMIC Residual Certificates report their pro rata share of the
taxable income and net loss of the REMIC will continue until the Certificate
Balances of all classes of Certificates of the related series have been reduced
to zero, even though holders of REMIC Residual Certificates have received full
payment of their stated interest and principal. A portion (or, in certain
circumstances, all) of such Certificateholder's share of the REMIC taxable
income may be treated as "excess inclusion" income to such holder which (i)
generally, will not be subject to offset by losses from other activities, (ii)
for a tax-exempt holder, will be treated as unrelated business taxable income
and (iii) for a foreign holder, will not qualify for exemption from withholding
tax. Individual holders of REMIC Residual Certificates may be limited in their
ability to deduct Servicing Fees and other expenses of the REMIC. In addition,
REMIC Residual Certificates are subject to certain restrictions on transfer.
Because of the special tax treatment of REMIC Residual Certificates, the taxable
income arising in a given year on a REMIC Residual Certificate will not be equal
to the taxable income associated with investment in a corporate bond or stripped
instrument having similar cash flow characteristics and pre-tax yield.
Therefore, the after-tax yield on the REMIC Residual Certificate may be
significantly less than that of a corporate bond or stripped instrument having
similar cash flow characteristics and may in some circumstances be negative.
CONTROL
Under certain circumstances, the consent or approval of the holders
of a specified percentage of the aggregate Certificate Balance of all
outstanding Certificates of a series, and/or the consent of the holders of all
outstanding Certificates of a specific class affected thereby, and/or the
consent of the provider of Credit Support, if any, or a similar means of
allocating decision-making under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement ("Voting
Rights"), will be required to direct, and will be sufficient to bind all
Certificateholders to, or the Certificateholders
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of the specific class affected thereby to, certain actions, including amending
the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement in certain circumstances. See
"Description of the Pooling and Servicing Agreements--Events of Default",
"--Rights Upon Event of Default" and "--Amendment".
BOOK-ENTRY REGISTRATION
If so provided in the Prospectus Supplement, one or more classes of
Certificates will be initially represented by one or more certificates
registered in the name of CEDE & Co., the nominee for DTC, and will not be
registered in the names of the Certificateholders or their nominees. Because of
this, unless and until Definitive Certificates are issued, Certificateholders
will not be recognized by the Trustee as "Certificateholders" (as that term is
to be used in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement). Hence, until such
time, Certificateholders will be able to exercise the rights of
Certificateholders only indirectly through DTC and its participating
organizations. See "Description of the Certificates--Book-Entry Registration and
Definitive Certificates".
DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST FUNDS
MORTGAGE LOANS
GENERAL. Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the primary assets of each Trust Fund will consist of a pool of
conventional mortgage loans (the "Mortgages") and/or manufactured housing
conditional sale contracts and installment loan agreements (the "Contracts")
evidenced by promissory notes (the "Mortgage Notes"), secured by first or second
mortgages or deeds of trust or other similar instruments creating first or
second liens on Single Family Properties, Multifamily Properties, and/or
Manufactured Homes, each as described below (the "Mortgaged Properties") located
in any one of the fifty states or the District of Columbia.
The Mortgage Loans (other than the Contracts) will be secured by
Mortgaged Properties that consist primarily of owner-occupied attached or
detached one-family dwelling units, two- to four-family dwelling units,
townhouses, rowhouses, individual condominium units, individual units in planned
unit developments and certain other dwelling units ("Single Family Properties"
and the related loans, "Single Family Loans"). The Mortgaged Properties for such
loans may also consist of residential properties consisting of five or more
dwelling units in multistory structures ("Multifamily Properties" and the
related loans, "Multifamily Loans"; Multifamily Loans, Single Family Loans and
the Contracts described below, collectively the "Mortgage Loans"). If specified
in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Multifamily Properties may include
mixed residential and commercial structures. The Mortgaged Properties may
include vacation, second and non-owner-occupied homes. The Mortgaged Properties
may include leasehold interests in residential properties, the title to which is
held by third party lessors. The term of any such leasehold will exceed the term
of the Mortgage Note by at least five years.
The "Contracts" will consist of manufactured housing conditional
sales contracts and installment loan agreements each secured by a Manufactured
Home. The "Manufactured Homes" securing the Contracts will consist of
manufactured homes within the meaning of 42 United States Code Section 5402(6),
which defines a "manufactured home" as "a structure, transportable in one or
more sections, which in the traveling mode, is eight body feet or more in width
or forty body feet or more in length, or, when erected on site, is three hundred
twenty or more square feet, and which is built on a permanent chassis and
designed to be used as a dwelling with or without a permanent foundation when
connected to the required utilities, and includes the plumbing, heating, air
conditioning, and electrical systems contained therein; except that such term
shall include any structure which meets all the requirements of this paragraph
except the size requirements and with respect to which the manufacturer
voluntarily files a certification required by the Secretary of Housing and Urban
Development and complies with the standards established under this chapter."
Each Mortgage Loan will be selected by the Depositor for inclusion in
a Mortgage Pool from among those originated by or purchased by the Depositor,
either directly or through its affiliates, from banks, savings and loan
associations, mortgage bankers, investment banking firms, the FDIC and other
mortgage loan originators or sellers not affiliated with the Depositor
("Unaffiliated Sellers") or from its affiliates ("Affiliated Sellers";
Unaffiliated Sellers and Affiliated Sellers are collectively referred to herein
as "Sellers"). Each Prospectus Supplement will contain information, as of the
date of such Prospectus Supplement, with respect to the underwriting standards
and criteria applied by the Depositor in originating or purchasing the Mortgage
Loans included in the related Trust Fund.
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The Depositor will cause the Mortgage Loans constituting each
Mortgage Pool to be assigned to the Trustee named in the related Prospectus
Supplement, for the benefit of the holders of all of the Certificates of a
series. The Servicer will, directly or through Sub-Servicers, service the
Mortgage Loans pursuant to a Pooling and Servicing Agreement and will receive a
fee for such services. See "Description of the Pooling and Servicing
Agreements--Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses".
The Depositor will make certain representations and warranties
regarding the Mortgage Loans, but its assignment of the Mortgage Loans to the
Trustee will be without recourse. See "Description of the Pooling and Servicing
Agreements--Assignment of the Mortgage Loans; Repurchases". The obligations of
the Servicer with respect to the Mortgage Loans will consist principally of its
contractual servicing obligations under the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreements including, unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, its obligation to make certain cash advances in the event of
delinquencies in certain payments of interest and/or principal on or with
respect to the Mortgage Loans in amounts described herein under "Description of
the Certificates--Monthly Advances in Respect of Delinquencies". Any obligation
of the Servicer to make advances may be subject to limitations, to the extent
provided herein and in the related Prospectus Supplement.
MORTGAGE LOAN INFORMATION IN PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENTS. Each Prospectus
Supplement will contain information, as of the date of such Prospectus
Supplement and to the extent then applicable and specifically known to the
Depositor, with respect to the Mortgage Loans constituting related Trust Assets,
including (i) the aggregate outstanding principal balance as of the applicable
Cut-off Date and the largest, smallest and average original principal balance of
the Mortgage Loans, (ii) the type of property securing the Mortgage Loans, (iii)
the remaining terms to maturity and the weighted average remaining term to
maturity of the Mortgage Loans, (iv) the earliest and latest origination date,
(v) the range of loan-to-value ratios at origination of the Mortgage Loans, (vi)
the Mortgage Rates or range of Mortgage Rates and the weighted average Mortgage
Rate borne by the Mortgage Loans, (vii) the geographical distribution of the
Mortgaged Properties on a state-by-state basis, (viii) information with respect
to the prepayment provisions, if any, of the Mortgage Loans, (ix) with respect
to Mortgage Loans with adjustable Mortgage Rates ("ARM Loans"), the adjustment
dates, the highest, lowest and weighted average margin, and the maximum Mortgage
Rate variation at the time of any adjustment and over the life of the ARM Loan
and (x) information regarding the payment characteristics of the Mortgage Loans,
including without limitation balloon payment and other amortization provisions.
The related Prospectus Supplement will also contain certain other information
available to the Depositor and referred to in a general manner under
"Description of the Trust Funds-- Mortgage Loans" above. If specific information
respecting the Mortgage Loans is not known to the Depositor at the time
Certificates are initially offered, more general information of the nature
described above will be provided in the Prospectus Supplement and specific
information will be set forth in a report which will be available to purchasers
of the related Certificates at or before the initial issuance thereof and will
be filed, together with the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement, as part of
a Current Report on Form 8-K with the Commission within fifteen days after such
initial issuance.
PAYMENT PROVISIONS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS. Unless otherwise specified
in the related Prospectus Supplement, all of the Mortgage Loans will (i) have
original terms to maturity of not more than 30 years and (ii) provide for
payments of principal, interest or both, on due dates that occur monthly,
quarterly or semi-annually or at such other interval as is specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement. Each Mortgage Loan may provide for accrual of
interest thereon at an interest rate (a "Mortgage Rate") that is fixed over its
term or that adjusts from time to time, or that may be converted from an
adjustable to a fixed Mortgage Rate, or from a fixed to an adjustable Mortgage
Rate, from time to time at the Mortgagor's election, in each case as described
in the related Prospectus Supplement. Each Mortgage Loan may provide for accrual
of interest on an actual basis or a daily simple interest basis. Each Mortgage
Loan may provide for scheduled payments to maturity or payments that adjust from
time to time to accommodate changes in the Mortgage Rate or to reflect the
occurrence of certain events, and may provide for negative amortization or
accelerated amortization, in each case as described in the related Prospectus
Supplement. Each Mortgage Loan may be fully amortizing or require a balloon
payment due on its stated maturity date, in each case as described in the
related Prospectus Supplement.
ARM LOANS. If provided for in the related Prospectus Supplement, a
Mortgage Pool may contain ARM Loans which allow the Mortgagors to convert the
adjustable rates on such Mortgage Loans to a fixed rate at some point during the
life of such Mortgage Loans (each such Mortgage Loan, a "Convertible Mortgage
Loan"), generally not later than six to ten years subsequent to the date of
origination, depending upon the length of the initial adjustment period. If
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, upon any conversion, the
Depositor will
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repurchase or the Servicer or a third party will purchase the converted Mortgage
Loan as and to the extent set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement.
Alternatively, if specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Depositor
or the Servicer (or another party specified therein) may agree to act as
remarketing agent with respect to such converted Mortgage Loans and, in such
capacity, to use its best efforts to arrange for the sale of converted Mortgage
Loans under specified conditions. Upon the failure of any party so obligated to
purchase any such converted Mortgage Loan, the inability of any remarketing
agent to so arrange for the sale of the converted Mortgage Loan or the
unwillingness of the remarketing agent to exercise any election to purchase the
converted Mortgage Loan for its own account, the related Mortgage Pool
thereafter may include both fixed rate and ARM Mortgage Loans.
PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST ACCOUNT
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, each
Trust Fund will include one or more accounts (collectively, the "Principal and
Interest Account") established and maintained on behalf of the
Certificateholders into which the Servicer will, to the extent described herein
and in such Prospectus Supplement, deposit all payments received on or after the
Cut-off Date with respect to the Mortgage Loans, other than the Depositor's
Yield and amounts received on or after the Cut-off Date in respect of interest
accrued on the Mortgage Loans prior to the Cut-off Date. The "Depositor's Yield"
represents the right to receive all prepayment penalties and premiums collected
on a Mortgage Loan and certain other amounts, if specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement. Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the Depositor's Yield is retained by the Depositor and will not be a
part of any Trust Fund. Unless otherwise provided in the Prospectus Supplement
for a series of Certificates, a Principal and Interest Account may be maintained
as an interest bearing or non-interest bearing account and funds held therein
may be invested in certain short-term, high quality investments. See
"Description of the Pooling and Servicing Agreements--Payments on the Mortgage
Loans; Deposits to Principal and Interest Account".
CERTIFICATE ACCOUNT
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, each
Trust Fund will include one or more accounts (collectively, the "Certificate
Account") established and maintained on behalf of the Certificateholders into
which the Trustee designated in the related Prospectus Supplement will, to the
extent described herein and in such Prospectus Supplement, deposit all amounts
remitted by the Servicer from the Principal and Interest Account and payments
received or advanced with respect to the other assets in the Trust Fund. Unless
otherwise provided in the Prospectus Supplement for a series of Certificates, a
Certificate Account shall be maintained as a non-interest bearing account and
funds held therein may be invested in certain short-term, high quality
investments. See "Description of the Pooling and Servicing Agreements--Deposits
to Certificate Account".
PRE-FUNDING ACCOUNT
If so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the related
Trust Fund will include one or more accounts (collectively, the "Pre-Funding
Account") established and maintained on behalf of the Certificateholders into
which the Trustee will, to the extent described herein and in the related
Prospectus Supplement, deposit amounts received from the Depositor to be applied
to acquire additional Mortgage Loans subject to certain conditions specified in
the related Prospectus Supplement. See "Description of Pooling and Servicing
Agreements--Subsequent Mortgage Loans".
CREDIT SUPPORT
If so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, partial or full
protection against certain defaults and losses on the Mortgage Loans in the
related Trust Fund may be provided to one or more classes of Certificates in the
related series by Credit Support in the form of subordination of one or more
other classes of Certificates in such series or by one or more other types of
Credit Support, such as a letter of credit, insurance policy, guarantee, reserve
fund, cross-collateralization, overcollateralization or another type of credit
support, or a combination thereof. The amount and types of coverage, the
identification of the entity providing the coverage (if applicable) and related
information with respect to each type of Credit Support, if any, will be
described in the Prospectus Supplement for a series of Certificates. See "Risk
Factors-- Credit Support Limitations" and "Description of Credit Support".
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USE OF PROCEEDS
Unless otherwise provided in the Prospectus Supplement for a series
of Certificates, the net proceeds to be received from the sale of the
Certificates will be applied by the Depositor to finance the purchase of, or to
repay short-term loans incurred to originate or finance the purchase of, the
Mortgage Loans or will be used by the Depositor for general corporate purposes.
YIELD CONSIDERATIONS
GENERAL
The yield on any Offered Certificate will depend on the price paid by
the Certificateholder, the Pass-Through Rate of the Certificate, the receipt and
timing of receipt of distributions on the Certificate, the weighted average life
of the Mortgage Loans in the related Trust Fund, liquidations of Mortgage Loans
following Mortgagor defaults and by purchases of Mortgage Loans in the event of
optional termination of the Trust Fund or breaches of representations made in
respect of such Mortgage Loans by the Depositor, the Servicer and others, and,
in the case of Certificates evidencing interests in ARM Loans, by changes in the
Net Mortgage Rates (as defined below) or conversions of ARM Loans to a fixed
interest rate. See "Risk Factors--Average Life of Certificates; Prepayments;
Yields", and "Description of the Pooling and Servicing Agreements--Assignment of
Mortgage Loans; Repurchases-- Representations and Warranties; Repurchases".
PASS-THROUGH RATE
Certificates of any class within a series may have fixed, variable or
adjustable Pass-Through Rates, which may or may not be based upon the interest
rates borne by the Mortgage Loans in the related Trust Fund. The Prospectus
Supplement with respect to any series of Certificates will specify the
Pass-Through Rate for each class of such Certificates or, in the case of a
variable or adjustable Pass-Through Rate, the method of determining the
Pass-Through Rate. Holders of Stripped Interest Certificates or a class of
Certificates having a Pass-Through Rate that varies based on the weighted
average Mortgage Rate of the underlying Mortgage Loans will be affected by
disproportionate prepayments and repurchases of Mortgage Loans having higher Net
Mortgage Rates than the average Net Mortgage Rate.
TIMING OF PAYMENT OF INTEREST AND PRINCIPAL
The effective yield to Certificateholders entitled to payments of
interest will be slightly lower than the yield otherwise produced by the
applicable Pass-Through Rate because, while interest on the Mortgage Loans may
accrue from the first day of each month, the distributions of such interest will
not be made until the Remittance Date which may be as late as the 25th day of
the month following the month in which interest accrues on the Mortgage Loans.
Each payment of interest on the Certificates (or addition to the Certificate
Balance of a class of Accrual Certificates) on a Remittance Date will include
interest accrued during the Interest Accrual Period described in the related
Prospectus Supplement for such Remittance Date. If the Interest Accrual Period
ends on a date other than a Remittance Date for the related series, the yield
realized by the holders of such Certificates may be lower than the yield that
would result if the Interest Accrual Period ended on such Remittance Date. In
addition, if so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, interest accrued
for an Interest Accrual Period for one or more classes of Certificates may be
calculated on the assumption that distributions of principal (and additions to
the Certificate Balance of Accrual Certificates) and allocations of losses on
the Mortgage Loans may be made on the first day of the Interest Accrual Period
for a Remittance Date and not on such Remittance Date. Such method would produce
a lower effective yield than if interest were calculated on the basis of the
actual principal amount outstanding during an Interest Accrual Period.
For each Mortgage Pool, if all necessary advances are made and if
there is no unrecoverable loss on any Mortgage Loan, the net effect of each
distribution respecting interest will be to pass-through to each class of
Certificates of a series then entitled to payments of interest an amount which
is equal to one month's interest at the applicable Pass-Through Rate on such
class's Certificate Balance or notional balance.
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PRINCIPAL PREPAYMENTS
The yield to maturity on the Certificates will be affected by the
rate of principal payments on the Mortgage Loans (including Principal
Prepayments, Curtailments (as defined herein), defaults and liquidations). The
rate at which principal prepayments occur on the Mortgage Loans will be affected
by a variety of factors, including, without limitation, the terms of the
Mortgage Loans, the level of prevailing interest rates, the availability of
mortgage credit and, in the case of Multifamily Loans, the quality of management
of the Mortgaged Properties, and economic, demographic, geographic, tax, legal
and other factors. In general, however, if prevailing interest rates fall
significantly below (or rise significantly above) the Mortgage Rates on the
Mortgage Loans included in a particular Trust Fund, such Mortgage Loans are
likely to be the subject of higher (or lower) principal prepayments than if
prevailing rates remain at the rates borne by such Mortgage Loans. The rate of
principal payments on some or all of the classes of Certificates of a series
will correspond to the rate of principal payments on the Mortgage Loans included
in the related Trust Fund and is likely to be affected by the existence of
prepayment premium provisions of the Mortgage Loans in a Mortgage Pool, and by
the extent to which the Servicer of any such Mortgage Loan is able to enforce
such provisions. Mortgage Loans with a prepayment premium provision, to the
extent enforceable, generally would be expected to experience a lower rate of
Principal Prepayments than otherwise identical Mortgage Loans without such
provisions, or with lower prepayment premiums.
If the purchaser of a Certificate offered at a discount calculates
its anticipated yield to maturity based on an assumed rate of distributions of
principal that is faster than that actually experienced on the Mortgage Loans,
the actual yield to maturity will be lower than that so calculated. Conversely,
if the purchaser of a Certificate offered at a premium calculates its
anticipated yield to maturity based on an assumed rate of distributions of
principal that is slower than that actually experienced on the Mortgage Loans,
the actual yield to maturity will be lower than that so calculated. In either
case, the effect on yield of prepayments on one or more classes of Certificates
of a series may be mitigated or exacerbated by the priority of distributions of
principal to such classes as provided in the related Prospectus Supplement.
The timing of changes in the rate of principal payments on the
Mortgage Loans may significantly affect an investor's actual yield to maturity,
even if the average rate of distributions of principal is consistent with an
investor's expectation. In general, the earlier a principal payment is received
on the Mortgage Loans and distributed in respect of a Certificate, the greater
the effect on such investor's yield to maturity. The effect on an investor's
yield of principal payments occurring at a rate higher (or lower) than the rate
anticipated by the investor during a given period may not be offset by a
subsequent like decrease (or increase) in the rate of principal payments.
DEFAULTS
The rate of defaults on the Mortgage Loans will also affect the rate
and timing of principal payments on the Mortgage Loans and thus the yield on the
Certificates. In general, defaults on Single Family Loans are expected to occur
with greater frequency in their early years. However, there is a risk that
Mortgage Loans, including Multifamily Loans, that require balloon payments may
default at maturity, or that the maturity of such Mortgage Loans may be extended
in connection with a workout. The rate of default on Single Family Loans which
are refinance or limited documentation mortgage loans, Mortgage Loans with high
loan-to-value ratios, and ARM Loans may be higher than for other types of
Mortgage Loans. Furthermore, the rate and timing of prepayments, defaults and
liquidations on the Mortgage Loans will be affected by the general economic
condition of the region of the country in which the related Mortgaged Properties
are located. The risk of delinquencies and loss is greater and prepayments are
less likely in regions where a weak or deteriorating economy exists, as may be
evidenced by, among other factors, increasing unemployment or falling property
values.
PREPAYMENTS--MATURITY AND WEIGHTED AVERAGE LIFE
The rates at which principal payments are received on the Mortgage
Loans included in a Trust Fund and the rate at which payments are made from any
Credit Support for the related series of Certificates may affect the ultimate
maturity and the weighted average life of each class of such series. Prepayments
on the Mortgage Loans comprising a Mortgage Pool in a particular Trust Fund will
generally accelerate the rate at which principal is paid on some or all of the
classes of the Certificates of the related series.
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If so provided in the Prospectus Supplement for a series of
Certificates, one or more classes of Certificates may have a final scheduled
Remittance Date, which is the date on or prior to which the Certificate Balance
thereof is scheduled to be reduced to zero, calculated on the basis of the
assumptions applicable to such series set forth therein.
Weighted average life refers to the average amount of time that will
elapse from the date of issue of a security until each dollar of principal of
such security will be repaid to the investor. The weighted average life of a
class of Certificates of a series will be influenced by, among other factors,
the rate at which principal on the Mortgage Loans comprising a Mortgage Pool is
paid to such class, which may be in the form of scheduled amortization or
prepayments (for this purpose, the term "prepayment" includes prepayments, in
whole or in part, and liquidations due to default).
In addition, the weighted average life of the Certificates may be
affected by the varying maturities of the Mortgage Loans comprising a Mortgage
Pool. If any Mortgage Loans comprising a Mortgage Pool in a particular Trust
Fund have actual terms to maturity of less than those assumed in calculating the
final scheduled Remittance Dates for the classes of Certificates of the related
series, one or more classes of such Certificates may be fully paid prior to
their respective final scheduled Remittance Dates, even in the absence of
prepayments. Accordingly, the prepayment experience of the Mortgage Pool will,
to some extent, be a function of the mix of Mortgage Rates and maturities of the
Mortgage Loans comprising such Mortgage Pool. See "Description of the Trust
Funds".
Prepayments on loans are also commonly measured relative to a
prepayment standard or model, such as the Constant Prepayment Rate ("CPR")
prepayment model or the Standard Prepayment Assumption ("SPA") prepayment model,
each as described below. CPR represents a constant assumed rate of prepayment
each month relative to the then outstanding principal balance of a pool of loans
for the life of such loans. SPA represents an assumed rate of prepayment each
month relative to the then outstanding principal balance of a pool of loans. A
prepayment assumption of 100% of SPA assumes prepayment rates of 0.2% per annum
of the then outstanding principal balance of such loans in the first month of
the life of the loans and an additional 0.2% per annum in each month thereafter
until the thirtieth month. Beginning in the thirtieth month and in each month
thereafter during the life of the loans, 100% of SPA assumes a constant
prepayment rate of 6% per annum each month.
Neither CPR nor SPA nor any other prepayment model or assumption
purports to be an historical description of prepayment experience or a
prediction of the anticipated rate of prepayment of any pool of loans, including
the Mortgage Loans comprising a Mortgage Pool. Moreover, CPR and SPA were
developed based upon historical prepayment experience for Single Family Loans.
Thus, it is likely that prepayment of any Mortgage Loans comprising the Mortgage
Loans for any series will not conform to any particular level of CPR or SPA.
The Prospectus Supplement with respect to each series of Certificates
may contain tables, if applicable, setting forth the projected weighted average
life of one or more classes of Offered Certificates of such series and the
percentage of the initial Certificate Balance of each such class that would be
outstanding on specified Remittance Dates based on the assumptions stated in
such Prospectus Supplement, including assumptions that prepayments on the
Mortgage Loans comprising or underlying the related Mortgage Loans are made at
rates corresponding to various percentages of CPR, SPA or at such other rates
specified in such Prospectus Supplement. Such tables and assumptions are
intended to illustrate the sensitivity of the weighted average life of the
Certificates to various prepayment rates and will not be intended to predict or
to provide information that will enable investors to predict the actual weighted
average life of the Certificates. It is unlikely that prepayment of any Mortgage
Loans comprising or underlying the Mortgage Loans for any series will conform to
any particular level of CPR, SPA or any other rate specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
OTHER FACTORS AFFECTING WEIGHTED AVERAGE LIFE
TYPE OF MORTGAGE LOAN. A number of Mortgage Loans may have balloon
payments due at maturity, and because the ability of a Mortgagor to make a
balloon payment typically will depend upon its ability either to refinance the
loan or to sell the related Mortgaged Property, there is a risk that a number of
Mortgage Loans having balloon payments may default at maturity, or that the
Servicer may extend the maturity of such a Mortgage Loan in connection with a
workout. In addition, a number of Mortgage Loans may be second mortgage loans.
The rate of default on second mortgage loans may be greater than that of
mortgage loans secured by first liens in comparable properties. In the case of
defaults, recovery of proceeds may be delayed by, among other things, bankruptcy
of the
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mortgagor or adverse conditions in the market where the property is located. In
order to minimize losses on defaulted Mortgage Loans, the Servicer may, to the
extent and under the circumstances set forth herein and in the related Pooling
and Servicing Agreement, be permitted to modify Mortgage Loans that are in
default or as to which a payment default is imminent. Any defaulted balloon
payment or modification that extends the maturity of a Mortgage Loan will tend
to extend the weighted average life of the Certificates, thereby lengthening the
period of time elapsed from the date of issuance of a Certificate until it is
retired.
Although the Mortgage Rates on ARM Loans will be subject to periodic
adjustments, such adjustments generally will, unless otherwise specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement, (i) not increase or decrease such Mortgage Rates
by more than a fixed percentage amount on each adjustment date, (ii) not
increase such Mortgage Rates over a fixed percentage amount during the life of
any ARM Loan and (iii) be based on an index (which may not rise and fall
consistently with mortgage interest rates) plus the related fixed percentage set
forth in the related Mortgage Note (the "Note Margin") (which may be different
from margins being used at the time for newly originated adjustable rate
mortgage loans). As a result, the Mortgage Rates on the ARM Loans in a Mortgage
Pool at any time may not equal the prevailing rates for similar, newly
originated adjustable rate mortgage loans. In certain rate environments, the
prevailing rates on fixed rate mortgage loans may be sufficiently low in
relation to the then-current Mortgage Rates on ARM Loans with the result that
the rate of prepayments may increase as a result of refinancings. There can be
no certainty as to the rate of prepayments on the Mortgage Loans during any
period or over the life of any series of Certificates.
The Mortgage Rates on certain ARM Loans subject to negative
amortization generally adjust monthly and their amortization schedules adjust
less frequently. During a period of rising interest rates as well as immediately
after origination (initial Mortgage Rates are generally lower than the sum of
the indices applicable at origination and the related Note Margins), the amount
of interest accruing on the principal balance of such Mortgage Loans may exceed
the amount of the minimum scheduled monthly payment thereon. As a result, a
portion of the accrued interest on negatively amortizing Mortgage Loans may
become Deferred Interest which will be added to the principal balance thereof
and will bear interest at the applicable Mortgage Rate. The addition of any such
Deferred Interest to the principal balance of any related class or classes of
Certificates of a series will lengthen the weighted average life thereof and may
adversely affect yield to holders thereof, depending upon the price at which
such Certificates were purchased. In addition, with respect to certain ARM Loans
subject to negative amortization, during a period of declining interest rates,
it might be expected that each minimum scheduled monthly payment on such a
Mortgage Loan would exceed the amount of scheduled principal and accrued
interest on the principal balance thereof, and since such excess will be applied
to reduce the principal balance of the related class or classes of Certificates,
the weighted average life of such Certificates will be reduced which may
adversely affect yield to holders thereof, depending upon the price at which
such Certificates were purchased.
FORECLOSURES AND PAYMENT PLANS. The number of foreclosures and the
principal amount of the Mortgage Loans comprising or underlying the Mortgage
Loans that are foreclosed in relation to the number of Mortgage Loans that are
repaid in accordance with their terms will affect the weighted average life of
the Mortgage Loans comprising a Mortgage Pool and that of the related series of
Certificates. Servicing decisions made with respect to the Mortgage Loans,
including the use of payment plans prior to a demand for acceleration and the
restructuring of Mortgage Loans in bankruptcy proceedings, may also have an
effect upon the payment patterns of particular Mortgage Loans and thus the
weighted average life of the Certificates.
DUE-ON-SALE CLAUSES. Acceleration of mortgage payments as a result of
certain transfers of or the creation of encumbrances upon underlying Mortgaged
Property is another factor affecting prepayment rates that may not be reflected
in the prepayment standards or models used in the relevant Prospectus
Supplement. All of the Mortgage Loans comprising a Mortgage Pool will include
"due-on-sale" clauses that permit the lender to accelerate the maturity of the
loan if the borrower sells, transfers or conveys the property. Unless otherwise
provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Servicer, on behalf of the
Trust Fund, will employ its usual practices in determining whether to exercise
any such right that the Trustee may have as mortgagee to accelerate payment of
the Mortgage Loan. An ARM Loan may be assumable under certain conditions if the
proposed transferee of the related Mortgaged Property establishes its ability to
repay the Mortgage Loan and, in the reasonable judgment of the Servicer or the
related Sub-Servicer, the security for the ARM Loan would not be impaired by the
assumption. The extent to which ARM Loans are assumed by purchasers of the
Mortgaged Properties rather than prepaid by the related Mortgagors in connection
with the sales of the Mortgaged Properties will affect the weighted average life
of the related series
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of Certificates. See "Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans--Enforceability of
Certain Provisions" and "Description of the Pooling and Servicing
Agreements--Due-on-Sale Provisions".
THE DEPOSITOR
Superior Bank FSB (the "Depositor") is a federally chartered stock
savings bank acquired by Coast to Coast Financial Corporation, a Nevada
corporation, on December 30, 1988. The deposits of the Depositor are insured by
the Savings Association Insurance Fund of the FDIC. The Depositor is a member of
the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago and is subject to regulation, examination
and supervision by the Office of Thrift Supervision (the "OTS") and the FDIC.
The Depositor maintains its principal office at One Lincoln Centre, Oakbrook
Terrace, Illinois 60181 and administrative offices for the consumer finance
operations of the Depositor at 135 Chestnut Ridge Road, Montvale, New Jersey
07645. The telephone number of the principal office of the Depositor is (708)
916-4000 and the telephone number of its administrative offices is (201)
930-1500.
On November 30, 1992, the Depositor acquired by merger the mortgage
origination and servicing operating assets utilized by Alliance Funding Company,
Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Alliance"), and its subsidiaries in mortgage
origination and servicing activities. Effective December 1, 1992 (the "Effective
Date") mortgage origination and servicing activities historically conducted by
Alliance and its mortgage banking and servicing subsidiaries began to be
conducted by two new divisions of the Depositor. These new divisions are the
Alliance Funding Company division (primarily engaged in mortgage origination)
(the "Alliance Funding Division"), and the Lee Servicing Company division
(primarily engaged in mortgage servicing) (the "Servicer" or the "Lee Servicing
Division"). As of the Effective Date, the senior officers of Alliance became
senior officers of the Alliance Funding Division with direct responsibility for
the operations of the new Alliance Funding Division and Lee Servicing Division.
The Depositor originates mortgage loans (including the Mortgage
Loans) on residential and multifamily dwellings nationwide; purchases mortgage
loans from lenders, mortgage bankers, and brokers on a wholesale basis;
assembles and sells pools of mortgages to commercial banks and other financial
institutions; and services the mortgage portfolios it has placed with investors.
Since the Effective Date, the Depositor has conducted, from the location
previously utilized by Alliance, the mortgage origination activities conducted
by Alliance in a manner substantially identical to the conduct of business prior
to the Effective Date. Each Prospectus Supplement will contain information, as
of the date of such Prospectus Supplement, with respect to the underwriting
criteria of the Depositor.
THE SERVICER
Since the Effective Date, the Lee Servicing Division has conducted,
primarily from its Montvale, New Jersey locations (one of which was previously
utilized by Alliance), now operated as agency offices of the Depositor, the
mortgage servicing activities previously conducted by Alliance's servicing
subsidiary Lee Servicing Corp. ("Lee") in a manner substantially identical to
the conduct of business prior to the Effective Date. As of the Effective Date,
the Servicer succeeded, without interruption, to the same servicing operations
and facilities, including operating systems, computers, files and personnel,
maintained and utilized by Lee prior to the Effective Date.
DESCRIPTION OF THE CERTIFICATES
GENERAL
The Certificates of each series (including any class of Certificates
not offered hereby) will represent the entire beneficial ownership interest in
the Trust Fund created pursuant to a Pooling and Servicing Agreement. Each
series of Certificates will consist of one or more classes of Certificates that
may (i) provide for the accrual of interest thereon based on fixed, variable or
adjustable rates; (ii) be senior (collectively, "Senior Certificates") or
subordinate (collectively, "Subordinate Certificates") to one or more other
classes of Certificates in respect of certain distributions on the Certificates;
(iii) be entitled to principal distributions, with disproportionately low,
nominal or no interest distributions (collectively, "Stripped Principal
Certificates"); (iv) be entitled to interest distributions, with
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disproportionately low, nominal or no principal distributions (collectively,
"Stripped Interest Certificates"); (v) provide for distributions of accrued
interest thereon only following the occurrence of certain events, such as the
retirement of one or more other classes of Certificates of such series
(collectively, "Accrual Certificates"); and/or (vi) provide for payments of
principal sequentially, or based on specified payment schedules, to the extent
of available funds, in each case as described in the related Prospectus
Supplement. Any such classes may include classes of Offered Certificates.
Each class of Offered Certificates of a series will be issued in
minimum denominations corresponding to the Certificate Balances or, in case of
Stripped Interest Certificates, notional amounts specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement. The transfer of any Offered Certificates may be
registered and such Certificates may be exchanged without the payment of any
service charge payable in connection with such registration of transfer or
exchange, but the Depositor or the Trustee or any agent thereof may require
payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge. One
or more classes of Certificates of a series may be issued in definitive form
("Definitive Certificates") or in book-entry form ("Book-Entry Certificates"),
as provided in the related Prospectus Supplement. See "Risk Factors--Book-Entry
Registration" and "Description of the Certificates--Book-Entry Registration and
Definitive Certificates". Definitive Certificates will be exchangeable for other
Certificates of the same class and series of a like aggregate Certificate
Balance or notional amount but of different authorized denominations. See "Risk
Factors--Limited Liquidity--Limited Assets and Obligations".
DISTRIBUTIONS
Distributions on the Certificates of each series will be made by or
on behalf of the Trustee on each Remittance Date as specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement from the available funds for such series and such
Remittance Date. Except as otherwise specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement, distributions (other than the final distribution) will be made to
the persons in whose names the Certificates are registered at the close of
business on the last business day of the month preceding the month in which the
Remittance Date occurs (the "Record Date"), and the amount of each distribution
will be determined as of the date specified in the related Prospectus Supplement
(the "Determination Date"). All distributions with respect to each class of
Certificates on each Remittance Date will be allocated pro rata among the
outstanding Certificates in such class. Payments will be made either by wire
transfer in immediately available funds to the account of a Certificateholder at
a bank or other entity having appropriate facilities therefor, if such
Certificateholder has so notified the Trustee or other person required to make
such payments no later than the date specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement and, if so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, holds
Certificates in the requisite amount specified therein, or by check mailed to
the address of the person entitled thereto as it appears on the Certificate
Register; provided, however, that the final distribution in retirement of the
Certificates (whether Definitive Certificates or Book-Entry Certificates) will
be made only upon presentation and surrender of the Certificates at the location
specified in the notice to Certificateholders of such final distribution.
DISTRIBUTIONS OF INTEREST ON THE CERTIFICATES
Each class of Certificates (other than classes of Stripped Principal
Certificates that have no Pass-Through Rate) may have a different Pass-Through
Rate, which may be a fixed, variable or adjustable Pass-Through Rate. The
related Prospectus Supplement will specify the Pass-Through Rate for each class
or, in the case of a variable or adjustable Pass-Through Rate, the method for
determining the Pass-Through Rate. Unless otherwise specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement, interest on the Certificates will be calculated on the
basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months.
Distributions of interest in respect of the Certificates of any class
(other than any class of Accrual Certificates, which will be entitled to
distributions of accrued interest commencing only on the Remittance Date, or
under the circumstances specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, and any
class of Stripped Principal Certificates that are not entitled to any
distributions of interest) will be made on each Remittance Date based on the
Accrued Certificate Interest (as defined below) for such class and such
Remittance Date, subject to the sufficiency of the portion of the Amount
Available (as defined herein) allocable to such class on such Remittance Date.
Prior to the time interest is distributable on any class of Accrual
Certificates, Accrued Certificate Interest on such class
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will be added to the Certificate Balance thereof on each Remittance Date. With
respect to each class of Certificates and each Remittance Date (other than
certain classes of Stripped Interest Certificates), "Accrued Certificate
Interest" will be equal to interest accrued during the related Interest Accrual
Period on the outstanding Certificate Balance thereof immediately prior to the
Remittance Date, at the applicable Pass-Through Rate. Unless otherwise provided
in the Prospectus Supplement, Accrued Certificate Interest on Stripped Interest
Certificates will be equal to interest accrued on the outstanding notional
amount thereof immediately prior to each Remittance Date, at the applicable
Pass-Through Rate. The method of determining the notional amount for any class
of Stripped Interest Certificates will be described in the related Prospectus
Supplement. Reference to notional amount is solely for convenience in certain
calculations and does not represent the right to receive any distributions of
principal. Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement and
unless covered by payments of Compensating Interest as described in
"--Compensating Interest", the Accrued Certificate Interest on a series of
Certificates will be reduced in the event of prepayment interest shortfalls,
which are shortfalls in collections of interest for a full accrual period
resulting from prepayments prior to the due date in such accrual period on the
Mortgage Loans in the Trust Fund for such series. The particular manner in which
such shortfalls are to be allocated among some or all of the classes of
Certificates of that series will be specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. The related Prospectus Supplement will also describe the extent to
which the amount of Accrued Certificate Interest that is otherwise distributable
on (or, in the case of Accrual Certificates, that may otherwise be added to the
Certificate Balance of) a class of Offered Certificates may be reduced as a
result of any other contingencies, including applicable law, delinquencies,
losses and deferred interest on or in respect of the Mortgage Loans in the
related Trust Fund. See "Risk Factors--Average Life of Certificates;
Prepayments; Yields" and "Yield Considerations".
DISTRIBUTIONS OF PRINCIPAL ON THE CERTIFICATES
The Certificates of each series, other than certain classes of
Stripped Interest Certificates, will have a "Certificate Balance" which, at any
time, will equal the then maximum amount that the holder will be entitled to
receive in respect of principal out of the future cash flow on the Mortgage
Loans and other assets included in the related Trust Fund. The outstanding
Certificate Balance of a Certificate will be reduced to the extent of
distributions of principal thereon from time to time, and if and to the extent
so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, by the amount of losses
incurred in respect of the related Mortgage Loans, may be increased in respect
of Deferred Interest on the related Mortgage Loans to the extent provided in the
related Prospectus Supplement and, in the case of Accrual Certificates prior to
the Remittance Date on which distributions of interest are required to commence,
will be increased by any Accrued Certificate Interest. The initial aggregate
Certificate Balance of all classes of Certificates of a series will not be
greater than the outstanding aggregate principal balance of the related Mortgage
Loans as of the applicable Cut-off Date. The initial aggregate Certificate
Balance of a series and each class thereof will be specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement. Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement, distributions of principal will be made on each Remittance Date to
the class or classes of Certificates entitled thereto in accordance with the
provisions described in such Prospectus Supplement until the Certificate Balance
of such class has been reduced to zero. Stripped Interest Certificates with no
Certificate Balance are not entitled to any distributions of principal.
ALLOCATION OF LOSSES AND SHORTFALLS
If so provided in the Prospectus Supplement for a series of
Certificates consisting of one or more classes of Subordinate Certificates, on
any Remittance Date in respect of which losses or shortfalls in collections on
the Mortgage Loans have been incurred, the amount of such losses or shortfalls
will be borne first by a class of Subordinate Certificates in the priority and
manner and subject to the limitations specified in such Prospectus Supplement.
See "Description of Credit Support" for a description of the types of protection
that may be included in a Trust Fund against losses and shortfalls on Mortgage
Loans comprising such Trust Fund.
EXAMPLE OF DISTRIBUTIONS
The following chart sets forth an example of distributions on a
series of Certificates, based upon the assumption that such Certificates will be
issued in June 1996 and that the Remittance Date is the twenty-fifth day of each
month:
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<TABLE>
<S> <C>
June 1, 1996............................................................ Cut-off Date. The "Original Pool Principal
Balance" will be the aggregate principal
balances of the Mortgage Loans as of the
Cut-off Date after application of all
payments due and collected on such date.
June 2-July 1, 1996..................................................... The Servicer or the Sub-Servicers remit for
deposit in the Principal and Interest
Account all amounts received on account
of the Mortgage Loans.
June 28, 1996........................................................... Record Date (the last day of the month
immediately preceding the month of the
related Remittance Date). Distributions on
July 25, 1996 will be made to
Certificateholders of record at the close of
business on June 28, 1996.
July 22, 1996........................................................... Determination Date (e.g., the day of the
month which is at least two business days
prior to the Remittance Date). The
Servicer determines the amount of
principal and interest that will be
distributed to the Certificateholders on
July 25, 1996, and transfers funds in the
Principal and Interest Account to the
Certificate Account together with any
Monthly Advances and Compensating
Interest.
Not later than 10:00 a.m., New York
time, on July 24, 1996................................................ If applicable, notice in the event that an
Event of Default has occurred with
respect to such Remittance Date is given
by the Trustee. The Trustee will notify
the Servicer and the provider of the Credit
Support of the amount of Credit Support,
if any, required to be distributed to the
Certificateholders on July 25, 1996.
July 25, 1996........................................................... Remittance Date (e.g., the 25th day of the
month or if such 25th day is not a
business day, the first business day
immediately following). The Trustee or its
designee will distribute to
Certificateholders the amounts required to
be distributed pursuant to the related
Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
</TABLE>
MONTHLY ADVANCES IN RESPECT OF DELINQUENCIES
Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
Servicer will be required as part of its servicing responsibilities to remit to
the Trustee for deposit in the Certificate Account, not later than the close of
business on each Determination Date, an amount (each, a "Monthly Advance") to be
distributed on the related
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Remittance Date, equal to the aggregate of payments of interest (net of related
Servicing Fees and Trustee's fees) that were due on the Mortgage Loans in such
Trust Fund during the related Due Period and were delinquent as of the first day
of the month in which such Remittance Date occurs and, with respect to each REO
Property (as defined herein) which was acquired during or prior to the related
Due Period and which was not disposed of during such Due Period, an amount equal
to the excess, if any, of interest on the principal balance deemed to apply to
such REO Property for the most recently ended calendar month at the related
Mortgage Rate (net of related Servicing Fees and Trustee's fees) over the net
income from such property for such month.
Monthly Advances are intended to maintain a regular flow of scheduled
interest payments to holders of the class or classes of Certificates entitled
thereto, rather than to guarantee or insure against losses. Unless otherwise
provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, Monthly Advances will be
reimbursable only out of late collections of interest on Mortgage Loans;
provided, however, that unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement, any such Monthly Advance will be reimbursable from any amounts
available in the Certificate Account, after distributions to Certificateholders,
to the extent that the Servicer shall determine in its good faith business
judgment that such advance (a "Nonrecoverable Monthly Advance") is not
ultimately recoverable from late collections of interest. If so specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement, the obligations of the Servicer to make Monthly
Advances may be secured by a cash advance reserve fund or a surety bond. If
applicable, information regarding the characteristics of, and the identity of
any obligor on, any such surety bond, will be set forth in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
COMPENSATING INTEREST
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
Servicer will remit to the Trustee for deposit in the Certificate Account, not
later than the close of business on each Determination Date and with respect to
each Mortgage Loan in the related Trust Fund for which a Principal Prepayment or
Curtailment was received during the related Due Period, from and to the extent
of amounts otherwise payable to it as servicing compensation, an amount equal to
the difference between (a) 30 days' interest on the principal balance of such
Mortgage Loan as of the beginning of the related Due Period at the Mortgage
Rate, net of the per annum rate at which the Servicer's Servicing Fee accrues
(the "Net Mortgage Rate"), and (b) the amount of interest actually received on
each such Mortgage Loan for such Due Period, net of the Servicer's Servicing
Fees (such difference, "Compensating Interest").
REPORTS TO CERTIFICATEHOLDERS
Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, with
each distribution to holders of any class of Certificates of a series, the
Trustee will forward or cause to be forwarded to each such holder, to the
Depositor and to such other parties as may be specified in the related Pooling
and Servicing Agreement, a statement prepared by the Servicer setting forth, in
each case to the extent applicable and available:
(i) the amount of such distribution to holders of
Certificates of such class applied to reduce the Certificate Balance
thereof;
(ii) the amount of such distribution to holders of
Certificates of such class allocable to Accrued Certificate Interest;
(iii) the amount available for distribution to holders of
Certificates for such Remittance Date;
(iv) the aggregate amount of Monthly Advances and
Compensating Interest included in such distribution;
(v) the aggregate principal balance of the Mortgage Loans
at the close of business on such Remittance Date;
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(vi) the aggregate Certificate Balance or notional amount,
as the case may be, of each class of Certificates (including any
class of Certificates not offered hereby) at the close of business on
such Remittance Date, separately identifying any reduction in such
Certificate Balance due to the allocation of any loss and increase in
the Certificate Balance of a class of Accrual Certificates in the
event that Accrued Certificate Interest has been added to such
balance;
(vii) the aggregate amount of principal and interest
received on the Mortgage Loans during the related Due Period;
(viii) the amount deposited in the reserve fund, if any,
or Spread Account (as defined herein), if any, on such Remittance
Date;
(ix) the amount remaining in the reserve fund, if any, or
Spread Account, if any, as of the close of business on such
Remittance Date;
(x) the weighted average Mortgage Rate;
(xi) in the case of Certificates with a variable
Pass-Through Rate, the Pass-Through Rate applicable to such
Remittance Date, as calculated in accordance with the method
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement;
(xii) in the case of Certificates with an adjustable
Pass-Through Rate, for statements to be distributed in any month in
which an adjustment date occurs, the adjustable Pass-Through Rate
applicable to the next succeeding Remittance Date as calculated in
accordance with the method specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement;
(xiii) certain delinquency and foreclosure information;
(xiv) the Servicing Fees and Trustee's fees and such other
information as Certificateholders may reasonably request which is
produced or available in the ordinary course of the Servicer's
business; and
(xv) as to any series which includes Credit Support,
certain information regarding any payments thereunder or coverage
provided and the remaining availability thereof.
Additional information may be included in reports to holders of
Certificates if required by the Pooling and Servicing Agreement with respect to
a series of Certificates.
Within a reasonable period of time after the end of each calendar
year, the Servicer or the Trustee, as provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement, shall furnish to each person who at any time during the calendar
year was a holder of a Certificate a statement containing the information set
forth in subclauses (i)-(iii) and (xiv) above, aggregated for such calendar year
or the applicable portion thereof during which such person was a
Certificateholder. Such obligation of the Servicer or the Trustee shall be
deemed to have been satisfied to the extent that substantially comparable
information shall be provided by the Servicer or the Trustee pursuant to any
requirements of the Code as are from time to time in force. See "Description of
the Certificates--Book-Entry Registration and Definitive Certificates".
TERMINATION
Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
obligations created by the Pooling and Servicing Agreement for each series of
Certificates will terminate upon notice to the Trustee of either: (a) the later
of the distribution to holders of Certificates of a series of the final payment
or collection with respect to the last Mortgage Loan (or Monthly Advances of
same by the Servicer), or the disposition of all funds with respect to the last
Mortgage Loan and the remittance of all funds due under such Pooling and
Servicing Agreement and the
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payment of all amounts due and payable to the provider of Credit Support, if
any, and the Trustee or (b) mutual consent of the Servicer, the provider of
Credit Support, if any, and all Certificateholders in writing; provided,
however, that in no event will the trust established by the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement terminate later than twenty-one years after the death of the
last surviving lineal descendant of the person named in the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement, alive as of the Cut-off Date.
Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement and
subject to provisions in such Pooling and Servicing Agreement concerning
adopting a plan of complete liquidation, the Servicer may, at its option,
terminate the Pooling and Servicing Agreement for each series on any date on
which the outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Pool is less than 10% of
the Original Pool Principal Balance by purchasing, on the next succeeding
Remittance Date, all of the outstanding Mortgage Loans and REO Properties at the
price (the "Termination Price") equal to the sum of (x) 100% of the aggregate
principal balances of the Mortgage Loans and REO Properties, and (y) to the
extent not covered by interest collections on the Mortgage Loans that are
distributable to holders of Certificates, 30 days' interest on such amount
computed at a rate equal to the sum of the Pass-Through Rates of the
Certificates for such series. In connection with any such purchase, the Servicer
will pay the outstanding fees and expenses of the Trustee and the provider of
Credit Support and the Servicer shall remit to the Trustee for remittance to
holders of Certificates on the final Remittance Date all other amounts then on
deposit in the Principal and Interest Account that would have constituted part
of the amount available for distribution to holders of Certificates for
subsequent Remittance Dates absent such purchase.
If so specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, a series of
Certificates may be subject to optional early termination through the repurchase
of the assets in the related Trust Fund by the provider of Credit Support or the
holders of Certificates of a specified class under the circumstances and in the
manner set forth therein.
BOOK-ENTRY REGISTRATION AND DEFINITIVE CERTIFICATES
If so provided in the Prospectus Supplement for a series of
Certificates, the Offered Certificates of one or more classes of such series
will be issued as Book-Entry Certificates, and each such class will be
represented by one or more single Certificates registered in the name of CEDE &
Co., the nominee of the depository, The Depository Trust Company ("DTC").
If so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement for a series of
Certificates, holders of Certificates may hold their Certificates through DTC
(in the United States) or Centrale de Livraison de Valeurs Mobilieres S.A.
("CEDEL") or the Euroclear System ("Euroclear"), in Europe. Transfers within
DTC, CEDEL or Euroclear, as the case may be, will be in accordance with the
usual rules and operating procedures of the relevant system (in Europe) if they
are participants of such systems, or indirectly through organizations which are
participants in such systems.
CEDEL and Euroclear will hold omnibus positions on behalf of their
participants through customers' securities accounts in CEDEL's and Euroclear's
names on the books of their respective depositaries which in turn will hold such
positions in customers' securities accounts in the depositaries' names on the
books of DTC. Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement for
a series of Certificates, Citibank, N.A. will act as depositary for CEDEL and
Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York will act as depositary for Euroclear
(in such capacities, individually the "Depositary" and collectively the
"Depositaries").
Transfers between Participants (as defined below) will occur in
accordance with DTC rules. Transfers between CEDEL Participants and Euroclear
Participants (each as defined below) will occur in accordance with their
respective rules and operating procedures.
DTC is a limited-purpose trust company organized under the laws of
the State of New York, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a "clearing
corporation" within the meaning of the UCC and a "clearing agency" registered
pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the Exchange Act. DTC was created
to hold securities for its participating organizations ("Participants") and
facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions between
Participants through electronic book-entry changes in their accounts, thereby
eliminating the need for
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<PAGE>
physical movement of certificates. Participants include securities brokers and
dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations and may include
certain other organizations. Indirect access to the DTC system also is available
to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through
or maintain a custodial relationship with a Participant, either directly or
indirectly ("Indirect Participants").
Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement,
owners of Offered Certificates ("Certificate Owners") or prospective owners, as
the case may be, that are not Participants or Indirect Participants but desire
to purchase, sell or otherwise transfer ownership of, or other interests in,
Offered Certificates may do so only through Participants and Indirect
Participants. In addition, such Certificate Owners will receive all
distributions of principal and interest on the Offered Certificates from the
Trustee or the applicable paying agent through DTC and its Participants. Under a
book-entry format, Certificateholders may receive payments after the related
Remittance Date because, while payments are required to be forwarded to CEDE &
Co., as nominee for DTC, on each such date, DTC will forward such payments to
its Participants which thereafter will be required to forward them to Indirect
Participants or Certificate Owners. Unless otherwise provided in the related
Prospectus Supplement, the only "Certificateholder" (as such term is used in the
related Pooling and Servicing Agreement) will be CEDE & Co., as nominee of DTC,
and the Certificate Owners will not be recognized by the Trustee as
Certificateholders under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. Certificate Owners
will be permitted to exercise the rights of Certificate Owners under the related
Pooling and Servicing Agreement only indirectly through DTC and its Participants
who in turn will exercise their rights through DTC.
Under the rules, regulations and procedures creating and affecting
DTC and its operations, DTC is required to make book-entry transfers among
Participants on whose behalf it acts with respect to the Certificates and is
required to receive and transmit distributions of principal of and interest on
the Certificates. Participants and Indirect Participants with which Certificate
Owners have accounts with respect to the Certificates similarly are required to
make book-entry transfers and receive and transmit such payments on behalf of
their respective Certificate Owners.
Because DTC can act only on behalf of Participants, who in turn act
on behalf of Indirect Participants and certain other entities, the ability of a
Certificate Owner to pledge Certificates to persons or entities that do not
participate in the DTC system, or otherwise take actions in respect of such
Certificates, may be limited due to the lack of a physical certificate for such
Certificates.
Cross-market transfers between persons holding directly or indirectly
through DTC, on the one hand, and directly or indirectly through CEDEL
Participants or Euroclear Participants, on the other, will be effected in DTC in
accordance with DTC rules on behalf of the relevant European international
clearing system by its Depositary; however, such cross-market transactions will
require delivery of instructions to the relevant European international clearing
system by the counterparty in such system in accordance with its rules and
procedures and within its established deadlines (European time). The relevant
European international clearing system will, if the transaction meets its
settlement requirements, deliver instructions to its Depositary to take action
to effect final settlement on its behalf by delivering or receiving securities
in DTC, and making or receiving payment in accordance with normal procedures for
same-day funds settlement applicable to DTC. CEDEL Participants and Euroclear
Participants may not deliver instructions directly to the Depositaries.
Because of time-zone differences, credits of securities received in
CEDEL or Euroclear as a result of a transaction with a Participant will be made
during subsequent securities settlement processing and dated the business day
following the DTC settlement date. Such credits or any transactions in such
securities settled during such processing will be reported to the relevant
Euroclear or CEDEL Participants on such business day. Cash received in CEDEL or
Euroclear as a result of sales of securities by or through a CEDEL Participant
or Euroclear Participant to a Participant will be received with value on the DTC
settlement date but will be available in the relevant CEDEL or Euroclear cash
account only as of the business day following settlement in DTC.
CEDEL is incorporated under the laws of Luxembourg as a professional
depository. CEDEL holds securities for its participating organizations ("CEDEL
Participants") and facilitates the clearance and settlement of securities
transactions between CEDEL Participants through electronic book-entry changes in
accounts of CEDEL Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical
movement of certificates. Transactions may be settled in
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CEDEL in any of 28 currencies, including United States dollars. CEDEL provides
to its CEDEL Participants, among other things, services for safekeeping,
administration, clearance and settlement of internationally traded securities
and securities lending and borrowing. CEDEL interfaces with domestic markets in
several countries. As a professional depository, CEDEL is subject to regulation
by the Luxembourg Monetary Institute. CEDEL Participants are recognized
financial institutions around the world, including underwriters, securities
brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain
other organizations. Indirect access to CEDEL is also available to others, such
as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a
custodial relationship with a CEDEL Participant, either directly or indirectly.
Euroclear was created in 1968 to hold securities for participants of
Euroclear ("Euroclear Participants") and to clear and settle transactions
between Euroclear Participants through simultaneous electronic book-entry
delivery against payment, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of
certificates and any risk from lack of simultaneous transfers of securities and
cash. Transactions may now be settled in any of 32 currencies, including United
States dollars. Euroclear includes various other services, including securities
lending and borrowing and interfaces with domestic markets in several countries
generally similar to the arrangements for cross-market transfers with DTC
described above. Euroclear is operated by the Brussels, Belgium office of Morgan
Guaranty Trust Company of New York (the "Euroclear Operator"), under contract
with Euroclear Clearance Systems S.C., a Belgian cooperative corporation (the
"Cooperative"). All operations are conducted by the Euroclear Operator, and all
Euroclear securities clearance accounts and Euroclear cash accounts are accounts
with the Euroclear Operator, not the Cooperative. The Cooperative established
policy for Euroclear on behalf of Euroclear Participants. Euroclear Participants
include banks (including central banks), securities brokers and dealers and
other professional financial intermediaries. Indirect access to Euroclear is
also available to other firms that clear through or maintain a custodial
relationship with a Euroclear Participant, either directly or indirectly.
The Euroclear Operator is the Belgian branch of a New York banking
corporation which is a member bank of the Federal Reserve System. As such, it is
regulated and examined by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
and the New York State Banking Department, as well as the Belgian Banking
Commission.
Securities clearance accounts and cash accounts with the Euroclear
Operator are governed by the Terms and Conditions Governing Use of Euroclear and
the related Operating Procedures of the Euroclear System and applicable Belgian
law (collectively, the "Terms and Conditions"). The Terms and Conditions govern
transfers of securities and cash with Euroclear, withdrawals of securities and
cash from Euroclear, and receipts of payments with respect to securities in
Euroclear. All securities in Euroclear are held on a fungible basis without
attribution of specific certificates to specific clearance accounts. The
Euroclear Operator acts under the Terms and Conditions only on behalf of
Euroclear Participants, and has no record of or relationship with persons
holding through Euroclear Participants.
Distributions with respect to Certificates held through CEDEL or
Euroclear will be credited to the cash accounts of CEDEL Participants or
Euroclear Participants in accordance with the relevant system's rules and
procedures, to the extent received by its Depositary. Such distributions will be
subject to tax reporting in accordance with relevant United States tax laws and
regulations. See "Certain Income Tax Consequences". CEDEL or the Euroclear
Operator, as the case may be, will take any other action permitted to be taken
by a Certificateholder under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement on behalf of a
CEDEL Participant or Euroclear Participant only in accordance with its relevant
rules and procedures and subject to its Depositary's ability to effect such
actions on its behalf through DTC.
Although DTC, CEDEL and Euroclear have agreed to the foregoing
procedures in order to facilitate transfers of Certificates among participants
of DTC, CEDEL and Euroclear, they are under no obligation to perform or continue
to perform such procedures and such procedures may be discontinued at any time.
DTC has advised the Depositor that it will take any action permitted
to be taken by a Certificateholder under a Pooling and Servicing Agreement only
at the direction of one or more Participants to whose account with DTC the
Certificates are credited.
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Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement,
Certificates initially issued as Book-Entry Certificates will be issued as
Definitive Certificates only if (i) DTC or the Servicer advises the Trustee in
writing that DTC is no longer willing or able to properly discharge its
responsibilities as nominee and depository with respect to the Certificates and
the Servicer is unable to locate a qualified successor or (ii) the Servicer, at
its option, elects to terminate the book-entry system through DTC or (iii) after
the occurrence of an Event of Default, if holders of Offered Certificates
evidencing not less than 51% of the Voting Rights advise the Trustee in writing
that the continuation of a book-entry system through DTC (or a successor
thereto) to the exclusion of any physical certificates being issued to
Certificate Owners is no longer in the best interests of Certificate Owners.
Upon the occurrence of any of the events described in the immediately
preceding paragraph, DTC is required to notify all Participants of the
availability through DTC of Definitive Certificates for the Certificates. Upon
surrender by DTC of the certificate or certificates representing such
Certificates and instructions for reregistration, the Trustee will issue such
Certificates in the form of Definitive Certificates, and thereafter the Trustee
will recognize the holders of such Definitive Certificates as Certificateholders
under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and such holders of Definitive
Certificates will deal directly with the Trustee with respect to transfers,
notices and distributions. In the event that Definitive Certificates are issued
or DTC ceases to be the clearing agency for the Certificates, the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement will provide that the applicable Certificateholders will be
notified of such event. For purposes of this Prospectus and each Prospectus
Supplement, unless the context otherwise requires, the term "Certificateholder"
shall be deemed to mean Certificate Owner.
DESCRIPTION OF THE POOLING AND SERVICING AGREEMENTS
The Certificates of each series evidencing interests in a Trust Fund
consisting of Mortgage Loans will be issued pursuant to a Pooling and Servicing
Agreement among the Depositor, the Servicer and the Trustee. The Trustee with
respect to any series of Certificates will be named in the related Prospectus
Supplement. The provisions of each Pooling and Servicing Agreement will vary
depending upon the nature of the Certificates to be issued thereunder and the
nature of the related Trust Fund. A form of a Pooling and Servicing Agreement
has been filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement of which this
Prospectus is a part. The following summaries describe certain provisions that
may appear in each Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The Prospectus Supplement
for a series of Certificates will describe any provision of the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement relating to such series that materially differs from the
description thereof contained in this Prospectus. The summaries do not purport
to be complete and are subject to, and are qualified in their entirety by
reference to, all of the provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement for
each Trust Fund and the related Prospectus Supplement. As used herein with
respect to any series, the term "Certificate" refers to all of the Certificates
of that series, whether or not offered hereby and by the related Prospectus
Supplement, unless the context otherwise requires. The Depositor will provide a
copy of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (without exhibits) relating to any
series of Certificates without charge upon written request of a holder of a
Certificate of such series addressed to Superior Bank FSB, 135 Chestnut Ridge
Road, Montvale, New Jersey 07645, Attention: Secretary.
ASSIGNMENT OF MORTGAGE LOANS; REPURCHASES
At the time of issuance of any series of Certificates, the Depositor
will cause the Mortgage Loans included in the related Trust Fund to be assigned
to the Trustee, together with all principal and interest received by or on
behalf of the Depositor on or with respect to such Mortgage Loans on and after
the Cut-off Date, other than the Depositor's Yield and amounts received on and
after the Cut-off Date in respect of interest accrued prior to the Cut-off Date.
The Trustee will, concurrently with such assignment, deliver the Certificates to
the Depositor in exchange for the Mortgage Loans and the other assets comprising
the Trust Fund for such series. Each Mortgage Loan will be identified in a
schedule (the "Mortgage Loan Schedule") appearing as an exhibit to the related
Pooling and Servicing Agreement. Unless otherwise provided in the related
Prospectus Supplement, such schedule will include detailed information in
respect of each Mortgage Loan included in the related Trust Fund, including
without limitation, the address of the related Mortgaged Property, the Mortgage
Rate and, if applicable, the applicable index, margin, adjustment date and any
rate cap information, the original and remaining term to maturity, the original
and outstanding principal balance and balloon payment, if any, the appraised
value, the loan-to-value ratio as of the date indicated and the scheduled
payment of principal and interest.
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With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than the Contracts), the
Depositor will, unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement,
deliver or cause to be delivered to the Trustee (or to the custodian acting on
behalf of the Trustee, if set forth in the Prospectus Supplement with respect to
a series of Certificates) certain loan documents, including the Mortgage Note
endorsed, without recourse, to the order of the Trustee, the Mortgage with
evidence of recording indicated thereon and an assignment of the Mortgage to the
Trustee with evidence of recording thereon (except for any such assignment of
Mortgage not returned from the public recording office, or one or more blanket
certificates attaching copies of one or more assignments of mortgage relating
thereto where the original assignment is not being delivered to the Trustee),
evidence of title insurance, intervening assignments of Mortgage (except for any
such assignment of the Mortgage that has been lost or has not been returned from
the public recording office and any assumption and modification agreements
(each, a "Trustee's Mortgage File"). In the event that, with respect to any
Mortgage Loan, the Depositor cannot deliver the Mortgage or any assignment with
evidence of recording thereon concurrently with the execution and delivery of
the Pooling and Servicing Agreement for any series because they have been lost
or have not yet been returned by the public recording office, the Depositor will
deliver or cause to be delivered to the Trustee a certified true photocopy of
such Mortgage or assignment. The Depositor will deliver or cause to be delivered
to the Trustee any such Mortgage or assignment with evidence of recording
indicated thereon upon receipt thereof from the public recording office.
Assignments of the Mortgage Loans to the Trustee will be recorded in the
appropriate public office for real property records. In addition, the Depositor
will, unless specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, as to each
Contract, deliver or cause to be delivered the original Contract endorsed,
without recourse, to the order of the Trustee and copies of documents and
instruments related to the Contract and the security interest in the
Manufactured Home securing the Contract, together with a blanket assignment to
the Trustee of all Contracts in the related Trust Fund and such documents and
instruments. In order to give notice of the right, title and interest of the
Certificateholders to the Contracts, the Depositor will cause to be executed and
delivered to the Trustee a UCC-1 financing statement identifying the Trustee as
the secured party and identifying all Contracts as collateral.
The Trustee will review (or cause to be reviewed) each Trustee's
Mortgage File within 45 days after the initial issuance of the Certificates of
each series, unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, to
ascertain that all required documents have been executed and received. If the
Trustee or the provider of Credit Support, if applicable under the related
Pooling and Servicing Agreement, during the process of reviewing the Trustee's
Mortgage Files finds any document constituting a part of a Trustee's Mortgage
File to be missing or defective in any material respect, the Trustee or the
provider of Credit Support, as applicable, shall promptly so notify the
Depositor. Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, if
within 60 days after the Trustee's notice to it respecting such defect the
Depositor has not remedied the defect and the defect materially and adversely
affects the interest of the holders of Certificates in the related Mortgage Loan
or the interests of the provider of Credit Support if applicable, the Depositor
will, on the next succeeding Determination Date, either (i) substitute in lieu
of such Mortgage Loan a mortgage loan or loans which meet certain criteria set
forth in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement (each, a "Qualified
Substitute Mortgage Loan") and, if the then aggregate outstanding principal
balance of such Qualified Substitute Mortgage Loans is less than the principal
balance of such Mortgage Loan as of the date of such substitution plus accrued
and unpaid interest thereon, deliver to the Trustee the amount of any such
shortfall or (ii) purchase such Mortgage Loan at a price (the "Mortgage Loan
Purchase Price") equal to the principal balance of such Mortgage Loan as of the
date of purchase, plus all accrued and unpaid interest thereon through the due
date for such Mortgage Loan in the Due Period most recently ended prior to such
Determination Date computed at the Mortgage Rate plus the amount of any
unreimbursed Servicing Advances (as defined herein) made by the Servicer, which
purchase price shall be deposited in the Principal and Interest Account.
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, this
repurchase or substitution obligation constitutes the sole remedy available to
holders of Certificates or the Trustee for omission of, or a material defect in,
a constituent document.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES; REPURCHASES
Unless otherwise provided in the Prospectus Supplement for a series,
with respect to each Mortgage Loan included in the related Trust Fund, the
Depositor will make or assign certain representations and warranties, as of a
specified date (the person making such representations and warranties, the
"Warranting Party") covering, by way
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of example, the following types of matters: (i) the accuracy of the information
set forth for such Mortgage Loan on the Mortgage Loan Schedule; (ii) the
existence of title insurance insuring the lien priority of the Mortgage Loan;
(iii) the authority of the Depositor to sell the Mortgage Loan; (iv) the payment
status of the Mortgage Loan and the status of payments of taxes, assessments and
other charges affecting the related Mortgaged Property; (v) the existence of
customary provisions in the related Mortgage Note and Mortgage to permit
realization against the Mortgaged Property of the benefit of the security of the
Mortgage; and (vi) the existence of hazard insurance coverage on the Mortgaged
Property.
Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, in
the event of a breach of any such representation or warranty, the Warranting
Party will be obligated to cure such breach or repurchase or replace the
affected Mortgage Loan as described below. Since the representations and
warranties may not address events that may occur following the date as of which
they were made, the Warranting Party will have a cure, repurchase or
substitution obligation in connection with a breach of such a representation and
warranty only if the relevant event that causes such breach occurs prior to such
date. Such party would have no such obligations if the relevant event that
causes such breach occurs after such date. However, the Depositor will not
include any Mortgage Loan in the Trust Fund for any series of Certificates if
anything has come to the Depositor's attention that would cause it to believe
that the representations and warranties made in respect of such Mortgage Loan
will not be accurate and complete in all material respects as of the date of
initial issuance of the related series of Certificates.
Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, each
Pooling and Servicing Agreement will provide that the Servicer and/or Trustee
will be required to notify promptly the relevant Warranting Party of any breach
of any representation or warranty made by or on behalf of it in respect of a
Mortgage Loan that materially and adversely affects the value of such Mortgage
Loan or the interests therein of the Certificateholders. If such Warranting
Party cannot cure such breach within 60 days following the date on which such
Warranting Party discovered such breach or was notified of such breach, then
such Warranting Party will be obligated to, on the Determination Date next
succeeding the end of such 60 day period, either (i) repurchase such Mortgage
Loan from the Trustee at the Mortgage Loan Purchase Price therefor or (ii) if
during the first two years following the initial issuance of the related
Certificates, or thereafter if an opinion of counsel is provided, replace such
Mortgage Loan with one or more Qualified Substitute Mortgage Loans, provided
that if the aggregate outstanding balance of such Qualified Substitute Mortgage
Loan is less than the outstanding principal balance of the defective Mortgage
Loan plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, the Warranting Party shall also
remit for distribution to the holders of Certificates an amount equal to such
shortfall. This repurchase or substitution obligation will constitute the sole
remedy available to holders of Certificates or the Trustee for a breach of
representation by a Warranting Party.
Neither the Depositor nor the Servicer (except to the extent that it
is the Warranting Party) will be obligated to purchase or substitute for a
Mortgage Loan if a Warranting Party defaults on its obligation to do so, and no
assurance can be given that Warranting Parties will carry out such obligations
with respect to Mortgage Loans.
A Servicer will make certain representations and warranties regarding
its authority to enter into, and its ability to perform its obligations under,
the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement. Upon a breach of any such
representation of the Servicer which materially and adversely affects the
interests of the Certificateholders, the Servicer will be obligated to cure the
breach in all material respects.
PAYMENTS ON MORTGAGE LOANS; DEPOSITS TO PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST ACCOUNT
Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
Servicer will, as to each Trust Fund, establish and maintain or cause to be
established and maintained a Principal and Interest Account for the collection
of payments on the related Mortgage Loans, which must be either (A) an account
or accounts maintained with an institution whose deposits are insured by the
FDIC, the unsecured and uncollateralized debt obligations of which shall be
rated "A" or better by Standard and Poor's, a Division of the McGraw-Hill
Companies, Inc. ("S&P"), and A2 or better by Moody's Investors Service, Inc.
("Moody's") and in one of the two highest short-term rating categories by S&P
and in the highest short-term rating category by Moody's and which is either (i)
a federal savings and loan association duly organized, validly existing and in
good standing under the federal banking laws, (ii) an institution duly
organized, validly existing and in good standing under the applicable banking
laws of any state, (iii)
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a national banking association duly organized, validly existing and in good
standing under the federal banking laws, (iv) a principal subsidiary of a bank
holding company, or (v) if required by the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement, approved in writing by the provider of Credit Support and S&P or (B)
a trust account or accounts (which shall be a "special deposit account")
maintained with the trust department of a federal or state chartered depository
institution or trust company, having capital and surplus of not less than
$50,000,000, acting in its fiduciary capacity (the account or accounts described
in (A) or (B), an "Eligible Account"). Amounts on deposit in the Principal and
Interest Account may be invested in certain high quality instruments ("Permitted
Instruments"). Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement,
any interest or other income earned on funds in the Principal and Interest
Account will be paid to the Servicer or its designee as additional servicing
compensation and the Servicer shall be responsible for any losses thereon. The
Principal and Interest Account may be maintained with an institution that is an
affiliate of the Servicer, if applicable, provided that such institution meets
the standards set forth above. If permitted by each Rating Agency and so
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, a Principal and Interest Account
may contain funds relating to more than one series of mortgage pass-through
certificates and may contain other funds respecting payments on mortgage loans
belonging to the Servicer or serviced or master serviced by it on behalf of
others.
The Servicer will deposit or cause to be deposited in the Principal
and Interest Account for each Trust Fund within one business day of receipt of
good funds, unless otherwise provided in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and
described in the related Prospectus Supplement, the following payments and
collections received by the Servicer or on its behalf on or subsequent to the
Cut-off Date (other than any amounts representing the Depositor's Yield and
amounts received on or after the Cut-off Date in respect of interest accrued on
the Mortgage Loans prior to the Cut-off Date):
(i) all payments on account of principal, including
Principal Prepayments, Curtailments and other excess payments of
principal, on the Mortgage Loans (net of the Depositor's Yield, if
any);
(ii) all payments on account of interest on the
Mortgage Loans (net of amounts received on and after the Cut-off Date
in respect of interest accrued on the Mortgage Loans prior to the
Cut-off Date);
(iii) all proceeds of the hazard insurance policies
(to the extent such proceeds are not applied to the restoration of
the property or released to the mortgagor in accordance with the
normal servicing procedures of the Servicer or the related
Sub-Servicer, subject to the terms and conditions of the related
Mortgage and Mortgage Note) (collectively, "Insurance Proceeds"), any
proceeds received in connection with the taking of an entire
Mortgaged Property by exercise of the power of eminent domain or
condemnation or any release of a part of the Mortgaged Property from
the lien of the related Mortgage, whether by partial condemnation,
sale or otherwise ("Released Mortgaged Property Proceeds") and all
other amounts received and retained in connection with the
liquidation of defaulted Mortgage Loans, by foreclosure or otherwise
("Liquidation Proceeds") net of fees and advances reimbursable
therefrom plus the net proceeds on a monthly basis with respect to
any Mortgaged Properties ("REO Property") acquired for the benefit of
Certificateholders by foreclosure or by deed-in-lieu of foreclosure
or otherwise (collectively, "Net Liquidation Proceeds");
(iv) all proceeds of any Mortgage Loan or property
in respect thereof purchased by the Depositor as described under
"Description of the Pooling and Servicing Agreements-- Assignment of
Mortgage Loans; Repurchases" and "--Representations and Warranties;
Repurchases", net of the Depositor's Yield, if any, in respect of
such Mortgage Loan;
(v) all payments required to be deposited in the
Principal and Interest Account with respect to any deductible clause
in any blanket insurance policy described under "--Hazard Insurance
Policies"; and
(vi) any amount required to be deposited by the
Servicer in connection with losses realized on investments of funds
held in the Principal and Interest Account in Permitted Instruments.
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Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
foregoing requirements for deposit in the Principal and Interest Account may be
net of any portion thereof retained by the Servicer as its servicing
compensation which need not, to the extent permitted by the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement, be deposited in the Principal and Interest Account. See
"Description of the Pooling and Servicing Agreements--Servicing and Other
Compensation and Payment of Expenses".
DEPOSITS TO CERTIFICATE ACCOUNT
The Trustee will, as to each Trust Fund, establish and maintain or
cause to be established and maintained a Certificate Account which must be an
Eligible Account.
The Trustee will deposit or cause to be deposited in the Certificate
Account for each Trust Fund, unless otherwise provided in the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement and described in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
following amounts (collectively, the "Amount Available") received on or
subsequent to the Cut-off Date:
(i) all amounts transferred to the Trustee by the Servicer
from the Principal and Interest Account;
(ii) any Monthly Advances and Compensating Interest
remitted to the Trustee by the Servicer as described under
"Description of the Certificates--Monthly Advances in respect of
Delinquencies--Compensating Interest";
(iii) any amounts paid under any instrument or drawn from
any fund that constitutes Credit Support for the related series of
Certificates as described under "Description of Credit Support";
(iv) all income or gain from investments of funds on
deposit in the Certificate Account and any amount required to be
deposited by the Servicer in connection with losses realized on
investments of funds in the Certificate Account; and
(v) the Termination Price.
PRE-FUNDING ACCOUNT
If so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the original
principal amount of a series of Certificates may exceed the principal balance of
the Mortgage Loans initially being delivered to the Trustee. Cash in an amount
equal to such difference will be deposited into a separate trust account (the
"Pre-Funding Account") maintained with the Trustee. During the period set forth
in the related Prospectus Supplement, amounts on deposit in the Pre-Funding
Account may be used to purchase additional Mortgage Loans for the related Trust
Fund. Such additional Mortgage Loans will be required to conform to the
requirements set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement and Pooling and
Servicing Agreement. Any amounts remaining in the Pre-Funding Account at the end
of such period will be distributed as a principal prepayment to the holders of
the related series of Certificates at the time and in the manner set forth in
the related Prospectus Supplement.
COLLECTION AND OTHER SERVICING PROCEDURES
The Servicer, directly or through Sub-Servicers, is required to make
reasonable efforts to collect all scheduled payments under the Mortgage Loans
and will follow or cause to be followed such collection procedures as it would
follow with respect to mortgage loans that are comparable to the Mortgage Loans
and held for its own account, provided such procedures are consistent with the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement and any related hazard insurance policy or
instrument of Credit Support included in the related Trust Fund described herein
or under "Description of Credit Support". The Servicer will be required to
perform the customary functions of a servicer of comparable loans, including:
collecting payments from mortgagors maintaining hazard insurance policies as
described herein and in any related Prospectus Supplement, and filing and
settling claims thereunder; maintaining escrow or impoundment accounts of
mortgagors for payment of taxes, insurance and other items required to be paid
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by any mortgagor pursuant to the terms of the Mortgage Loan; processing
assumptions or substitutions, although, unless otherwise specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement, the Servicer is generally required to exercise
due-on-sale clauses to the extent such exercise is permitted by law and would
not adversely affect insurance coverage; attempting to cure delinquencies;
supervising foreclosures; and maintaining accounting records relating to the
Mortgage Loans.
The Servicer will be required to make reasonable efforts to collect
all payments called for under the terms and provisions of the Mortgage Loans.
Consistent with the foregoing, the Servicer may at its own discretion waive any
late payment charge, prepayment charge, assumption fee or any penalty interest
in connection with the prepayment of a Mortgage Loan or any other fee or charge
which the Servicer would be entitled to retain as servicing compensation and may
waive, vary or modify any term of any Mortgage Loan or consent to the
postponement of strict compliance with any such term or in any manner grant
indulgence to any Mortgagor, subject to the limitations set forth in the related
Pooling and Servicing Agreement. In the event the Servicer consents to the
deferment of the due dates for payments due on a Mortgage Note, the Servicer
will nonetheless make payment of any required Monthly Advances with respect to
the payments so extended to the same extent as if such installment were due,
owing and delinquent and had not been deferred.
Under a Pooling and Servicing Agreement, a Servicer will be granted
certain discretion to extend relief to Mortgagors whose payments become
delinquent. In the case of Single Family Loans and Contracts, a Servicer may,
among other things, grant a period of temporary indulgence (generally up to four
months) to a Mortgagor or may enter into a plan providing for repayment by such
Mortgagor of delinquent amounts within a specified period (generally up to one
year) from the date of execution of the plan. However, unless otherwise
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Servicer must first
determine that any such waiver or extension will not impair the coverage of any
related insurance policy or materially adversely affect the security for such
Mortgage Loan or Contract. In addition, unless otherwise specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement, if a material default occurs or a payment default
is reasonably foreseeable with respect to a Multifamily Loan, the Servicer will
be permitted, subject to any specific limitations set forth in the related
Pooling and Servicing Agreement and described in the related Prospectus
Supplement, to modify, waive or amend any term of such Mortgage Loan, including
deferring payments, extending the stated maturity date or otherwise adjusting
the payment schedule, provided that such modification, waiver or amendment (i)
is reasonably likely to produce a greater recovery with respect to such Mortgage
Loan on a present value basis than would liquidation and (ii) will not adversely
affect the coverage under any applicable credit enhancement.
In the case of Multifamily Loans, a Mortgagor's failure to make
required Mortgage Loan payments may mean that operating income is insufficient
to service the mortgage debt, or may reflect the diversion of that income from
the servicing of the mortgage debt. In addition, a Mortgagor under a Multifamily
Loan that is unable to make Mortgage Loan payments may also be unable to make
timely payment of all required taxes and otherwise to maintain and insure the
related Mortgaged Property. In general, the Servicer will be required to monitor
any Multifamily Loan that is in default, evaluate whether the causes of the
default can be corrected over a reasonable period without significant impairment
of the value of the related Mortgaged Property, initiate corrective action in
cooperation with the Mortgagor if cure is likely, inspect the related Mortgaged
Property and take such other actions as are consistent with the related Pooling
and Servicing Agreement. A significant period of time may elapse before the
Servicer is able to assess the success of any such corrective action or the need
for additional initiatives. The time within which the Servicer can make the
initial determination of appropriate action, evaluate the success of corrective
action, develop additional initiatives, institute foreclosure proceedings and
actually foreclose (or accept a deed to a Mortgaged Property in lieu of
foreclosure) on behalf of the Certificateholders of the related series may vary
considerably depending on the particular Multifamily Loan, the Mortgaged
Property, the Mortgagor, the presence of an acceptable party to assume the
Multifamily Loan and the laws of the jurisdiction in which the Mortgaged
Property is located.
If a Mortgagor files a bankruptcy petition, the Servicer may not be
permitted to accelerate the maturity of the related Mortgage Loan or to
foreclose on the Mortgaged Property for a considerable period of time. See
"Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans."
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SERVICING ADVANCES
In the course of performing its servicing obligations, the Servicer
will, unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, pay all
reasonable and customary "out of pocket" costs and expenses incurred in the
performance of its servicing obligations in accordance with the general
servicing standards described above, which costs and expenses may include the
cost of (i) the preservation, restoration and protection of Mortgaged
Properties, including advances in respect of real estate taxes and assessments
and insurance premiums on fire, hazard and flood insurance policies, (ii) any
enforcement or judicial proceedings, including foreclosures, and (iii) the
management and liquidation of Mortgaged Property acquired in satisfaction of the
related Mortgage Loan and (iv) in connection with the liquidation of a Mortgage
Loan, expenditures relating to the purchase or maintenance of the First Lien.
Each such expenditure will constitute a "Servicing Advance".
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
Servicer may recover Servicing Advances, if not theretofore recovered from the
mortgagor on whose behalf such Servicing Advance was made, from late collections
on the related Mortgage Loan, including Liquidation Proceeds, Released Mortgaged
Property Proceeds, Insurance Proceeds and such other amounts as may be collected
by the Servicer from the mortgagor or otherwise relating to the Mortgage Loan.
To the extent the Servicer, in its good faith business judgment, determines that
such Servicing Advances will not be ultimately recoverable from late
collections, Insurance Proceeds, Released Mortgaged Property Proceeds or
Liquidation Proceeds on the related Mortgage Loans ("Nonrecoverable Servicing
Advances"), unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
Servicer may be reimbursed from distributions of the Amount Available after
distributions to the Certificateholders. The Servicer is not required to make
any Servicing Advance which it determines would be a Nonrecoverable Servicing
Advance.
SUB-SERVICERS
A Servicer may delegate its servicing obligations in respect of the
Mortgage Loans to third-party servicers (each, a "Sub-Servicer"), but such
Servicer will remain obligated under the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement. The sub-servicing agreement between a Servicer and a Sub-Servicer (a
"Sub-Servicing Agreement") will be consistent with the terms of the related
Pooling and Servicing Agreement and will not result in a withdrawal or
downgrading of the rating of any class of Certificates issued pursuant to such
Pooling and Servicing Agreement. Although each Sub-Servicing Agreement will be a
contract solely between the Servicer and the Sub-Servicer, the related Pooling
and Servicing Agreement will provide that, if for any reason the Servicer for
such series of Certificates is no longer acting in such capacity, the Trustee or
any successor Servicer must recognize the Sub-Servicer's rights and obligations
under such Sub-Servicing Agreement.
The Servicer will be solely liable for all fees owed by it to any
Sub-Servicer, irrespective of whether the Servicer's compensation pursuant to
the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement is sufficient to pay such fees. Each
Sub-Servicer will be reimbursed by the Servicer for certain expenditures which
it makes, generally to the same extent the Servicer would be reimbursed under a
Pooling and Servicing Agreement. See "--Servicing and Other Compensation and
Payment of Expenses".
REALIZATION UPON DEFAULTED MORTGAGE LOANS
The Servicer will be required to foreclose upon or otherwise
comparably effect the ownership in the name of the Trustee on behalf of the
Certificateholders of Mortgaged Properties relating to defaulted Mortgage Loans
as to which no satisfactory arrangements can be made for collection of
delinquent payments; provided, however, that the Servicer will not be required
to foreclose in the event that it determines that foreclosure would not be in
the best interests of the Certificateholders or the provider of Credit Support,
if any.
In connection with such foreclosure or other conversion, the Servicer
shall exercise collection and foreclosure procedures with the same degree of
care and skill in its exercise or use as it would exercise or use under the
circumstances in the conduct of its own affairs.
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The limitations imposed by the Pooling and Servicing Agreement for a
series of Certificates and the REMIC provisions of the Code (if a REMIC election
has been made with respect to the related Trust Fund) on the operations and
ownership of any Mortgaged Property acquired on behalf of the Trust Fund may
result in the recovery of an amount less than the amount that would otherwise be
recovered. See "Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans--Foreclosure".
If recovery on a defaulted Mortgage Loan under any related instrument
of Credit Support is not available, the Servicer nevertheless will be obligated
to follow or cause to be followed such normal practices and procedures as it
deems necessary or advisable to realize upon the defaulted Mortgage Loan. If the
proceeds of any liquidation of the property securing the defaulted Mortgage Loan
are less than the outstanding principal balance of the defaulted Mortgage Loan
plus interest accrued thereon at the Mortgage Rate plus the aggregate amount of
expenses incurred by the Servicer in connection with such proceedings and which
are reimbursable under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Trust
Fund will realize a loss in the amount of such difference. The Servicer will be
entitled to withdraw or cause to be withdrawn from the Principal and Interest
Account out of the Liquidation Proceeds recovered on any defaulted Mortgage
Loan, prior to the distribution of such Liquidation Proceeds to
Certificateholders, amounts representing its normal servicing compensation on
the Mortgage Loan and unreimbursed Servicing Advances incurred with respect to
the Mortgage Loan.
HAZARD INSURANCE POLICIES
Each Pooling and Servicing Agreement will require the Servicer to
maintain or cause to be maintained fire and hazard insurance with extended
coverage customary in the area where the Mortgaged Property is located in an
amount which is at least equal to the least of (i) the outstanding principal
balance owing on the related Mortgage Loan and any First Lien, (ii) the full
insurable value of the premises securing the Mortgage Loan and (iii) the minimum
amount required to compensate for damage or loss on a replacement cost basis.
Generally, if at the origination of the Mortgage Loan or at any time during the
term of the Mortgage Loan, the Servicer determines that the Mortgaged Property
is in an area identified in the Federal Register by the Flood Emergency
Management Agency as having special flood hazards (and such flood insurance has
been made available) and the Servicer determines that such insurance is
necessary in accordance with accepted mortgage servicing practices of prudent
lending institutions, the Servicer will cause to be purchased a flood insurance
policy meeting the requirements of the current guidelines of the Federal
Insurance Administration with a generally acceptable insurance carrier, in an
amount representing coverage not less than the lesser of (a) the outstanding
principal balance of the Mortgage Loan and any First Lien and (b) the maximum
amount of insurance available under the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968,
the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973 or the National Flood Insurance Act of
1994, as amended. The Servicer will also be required to maintain on REO
Property, to the extent such insurance is available, fire and hazard insurance
in the applicable amounts described above, liability insurance and, to the
extent required and available under the National Flood Insurance Act of 1994, as
amended, and the Servicer determines that such insurance is necessary in
accordance with accepted mortgage servicing practices of prudent lending
institutions, flood insurance in an amount equal to that required above. Any
amounts collected by the Servicer under any such policies (other than amounts to
be applied to the restoration or repair of the Mortgaged Property, or to be
released to the Mortgagor in accordance with customary mortgage servicing
procedures) will be deposited in the Principal and Interest Account.
In the event that the Servicer obtains and maintains a blanket policy
insuring against fire and hazards of extended coverage on all of the Mortgage
Loans, then, to the extent such policy names the Servicer as loss payee and
provides coverage in an amount equal to the aggregate unpaid principal balance
on the Mortgage Loans without co-insurance, and otherwise complies with the
requirements of the first paragraph of this sub-section, the Servicer will be
deemed conclusively to have satisfied its obligations with respect to fire and
hazard insurance coverage.
DUE-ON-SALE PROVISIONS
When a Mortgaged Property has been or is about to be conveyed by the
Mortgagor, the Servicer, on behalf of the Trustee, will be required under the
related Pooling and Servicing Agreement, to the extent it has knowledge of such
conveyance or prospective conveyance, to enforce the rights of the Trustee as
the mortgagee of record to
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accelerate the maturity of the related Mortgage Loan under any "due-on-sale"
clause contained in the related Mortgage or Mortgage Note; provided, however,
that the Servicer will not be required to exercise any such right if the
"due-on-sale" clause, in the reasonable belief of the Servicer, is not
enforceable under applicable law. In such event, the Servicer will be required
to enter into an assumption and modification agreement with the person to whom
such property has been or is about to be conveyed, pursuant to which such person
becomes liable under the Mortgage Note and, unless prohibited by applicable law
or the mortgage documents, the Mortgagor remains liable thereon. The Servicer
may also be authorized under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement,
subject to certain approvals, to enter into a substitution of liability
agreement with such person, pursuant to which the original Mortgagor is released
from liability and such person is substituted as Mortgagor and becomes liable
under the Mortgage Note.
SERVICING AND OTHER COMPENSATION AND PAYMENT OF EXPENSES
The Servicer's primary servicing compensation with respect to a
series of Certificates will come from the periodic payment to it of a portion of
the interest payment on each Mortgage Loan (the "Servicing Fee") which amount
will be set forth in the Prospectus Supplement with respect to a series of
Certificates. Since the Servicer's primary compensation is a percentage of the
principal balance of each Mortgage Loan, such amounts will decrease in
accordance with the amortization schedule of each Mortgage Loan. Unless
otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Servicer may
retain, as additional servicing compensation, all assumption fees, modification
fees and other administrative fees, late payment charges, release fees, bad
check charges, any other servicing-related fees (other than the Depositor's
Yield), Net Liquidation Proceeds not otherwise required to be deposited into the
Principal and Interest Account pursuant to the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement, interest or other income which may be earned on funds held in the
Principal and Interest Account, Certificate Account and any other account
created under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The Pooling and
Servicing Agreement and Prospectus Supplement with respect to a series of
Certificates will set forth any other amounts payable to the Servicer. Any
Sub-Servicer will receive a portion of the Servicer's compensation as its
sub-servicing compensation.
In addition to amounts payable to any Sub-Servicer, the Servicer or
Trustee may, to the extent provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, pay
certain expenses incurred, including, without limitation, payment of the fees
and disbursements of the Trustee and the obligor under an instrument of Credit
Support, if any. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement and Prospectus Supplement
with respect to a series of Certificates may provide that additional accounts be
established by the Servicer or the Trustee into which the Servicer or the
Trustee will deposit amounts sufficient to pay such fees.
EVIDENCE AS TO COMPLIANCE
Each Pooling and Servicing Agreement will provide that on or before a
specified date in each year, beginning with the first such date specified in the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement, there will be furnished to the related Trustee
a report of a firm of independent certified public accountants stating that (i)
it has obtained a letter of representation regarding certain matters from the
management of the Servicer which includes an assertion that the Servicer has
complied with certain minimum mortgage loan servicing standards identified in
the Uniform Single Attestation Program for Mortgage Bankers established by the
Mortgage Bankers Association of America, with respect to the servicing by or on
behalf of the Servicer of residential mortgage loans during the most recently
completed fiscal year and (ii) on the basis of an examination conducted by such
firm in accordance with standards established by the American Institute of
Certified Public Accountants, such representation is fairly stated in all
material respects, subject to such exceptions and other qualifications as may be
appropriate. In rendering its report such firm may rely, as to matters relating
to the direct servicing of mortgage loans by Sub-Servicers, upon comparable
reports of firms of public accountants rendered on the basis of examinations
conducted in accordance with the same standards (rendered within one year of
such report) with respect to those Sub-Servicers.
Each such Pooling and Servicing Agreement will also provide for
delivery to the Trustee, on or before a specified date in each year, of an
annual statement signed by two officers of the Servicer to the effect that the
Servicer has fulfilled its obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement
throughout the preceding year.
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Copies of the annual accountants' statement and the statement of
officers of the Servicer will be obtainable by Certificateholders without charge
upon written request to the Servicer at the address set forth in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
CERTAIN MATTERS REGARDING THE SERVICER
Unless otherwise provided in the Prospectus Supplement for a series
of Certificates, the Servicer may not assign the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement nor resign from the obligations and duties thereby imposed on it
except by mutual consent of the Servicer, the Depositor, the provider of Credit
Support, if any, the Trustee and the majority Certificateholders, or upon the
determination that the Servicer's duties thereunder are no longer permissible
under applicable law and such incapacity cannot be cured by the Servicer. No
such resignation shall become effective until a successor has assumed the
Servicer's responsibilities and obligations in accordance with such Pooling and
Servicing Agreement.
EVENTS OF DEFAULT
Unless otherwise provided in the Prospectus Supplement for a series
of Certificates, Events of Default under the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement will consist of (i) any failure by the Servicer to distribute or cause
to be distributed to Certificateholders, or to remit to the Trustee for
distribution to Certificateholders, any required payment that continues
unremedied after the giving of written notice of such failure to the Servicer by
the Trustee or the Depositor, or to the Servicer, the Depositor and the Trustee
by any Certificateholder; (ii) any failure by the Servicer to make any required
Servicing Advance, to the extent such failure materially and adversely affects
the interests of the Certificateholders, or any required Monthly Advance to the
extent of the full amount; (iii) any failure by the Servicer duly to observe or
perform in any material respect any of its other covenants or obligations under
the Pooling and Servicing Agreement which continues unremedied for no more than
sixty days after the giving of written notice of such failure to the Servicer by
the Trustee, the provider of Credit Support, if applicable, or the Depositor, or
to the Servicer, the Depositor and the Trustee by any Certificateholder; and
(iv) certain events of insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshalling of assets
and liabilities, receivership or similar proceedings and certain actions by or
on behalf of the Servicer indicating its insolvency or inability to pay its
obligations.
RIGHTS UPON EVENT OF DEFAULT
Unless otherwise provided in the Prospectus Supplement for a series
of Certificates, so long as an Event of Default under a Pooling and Servicing
Agreement remains unremedied, the Trustee at the direction of holders of
Certificates evidencing not less than 51% of the Voting Rights, shall, terminate
all of the rights and obligations of the Servicer under the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement relating to such Trust Fund and in and to the Mortgage
Loans, whereupon the Trustee will succeed to all of the responsibilities, duties
and liabilities of the Servicer under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement
(except that if the Trustee is prohibited by law from obligating itself to make
advances regarding delinquent mortgage loans, then the Trustee will not be so
obligated) and will be entitled to similar compensation arrangements. Unless
otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, in the event that the
Trustee is unwilling or unable so to act, it may appoint, or petition a court of
competent jurisdiction for the appointment of, a loan servicing institution
acceptable to each Rating Agency or provider of Credit Support, if any, with a
net worth at the time of such appointment of at least $15,000,000 to act as
successor to the Servicer under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. Pending
such appointment the Trustee is obligated to act in such capacity. The Trustee
and any such successor may agree upon the servicing compensation to be paid,
which in no event may be greater than the compensation payable to the Servicer
under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
The Trustee, however, is under no obligation to exercise any of the
trusts or powers vested in it by any Pooling and Servicing Agreement or to make
any investigation of matters arising thereunder or to institute, conduct or
defend any litigation thereunder or in relation thereto at the request, order or
direction of any of the holders of Certificates covered by such Pooling and
Servicing Agreement, unless such Certificateholders have offered to the Trustee
reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities
which may be incurred therein or thereby.
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AMENDMENT
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, each
Pooling and Servicing Agreement may be amended by the Depositor, the Servicer
and the Trustee by written agreement, upon written consent of the provider of
Credit Support, if any, without notice to or the consent of any of the holders
of Certificates covered by the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, to cure any
ambiguity, to correct, modify or supplement any provision therein which may be
inconsistent with any other provisions thereof, to comply with any changes in
the Code, or to make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions
arising under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement which are not inconsistent
with the provisions thereof; provided that such action will not, as evidenced by
an opinion of counsel delivered to the Trustee, adversely affect in any material
respect the interests of any holder of Certificates covered by the Pooling and
Servicing Agreement; and provided further that no such amendment may reduce in
any manner the amount of or, delay the timing of, payments received on Mortgage
Loans which are required to be distributed on any Certificate without the
consent of the holder of such Certificate, or change the rights or obligations
of any other party without the consent of such party. However, with respect to
any series of Certificates as to which a REMIC election is to be made, the
Trustee will not consent to any amendment of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement
unless it shall first have received an opinion of counsel to the effect that
such amendment will not cause the Trust Fund to fail to qualify as a REMIC at
any time that the related Certificates are outstanding.
DUTIES OF THE TRUSTEE
The Trustee will make no representations as to the validity or
sufficiency of any Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Certificates or any
Mortgage Loan or related document and is not accountable for the use or
application by or on behalf of any Servicer of any funds paid to the Servicer or
its designee in respect of the Certificates or the Mortgage Loans, or deposited
into or withdrawn from the Principal and Interest Account or any other account
by or on behalf of the Servicer. If no Event of Default has occurred and is
continuing, the Trustee is required to perform only those duties specifically
required under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement. However, upon
receipt of the various certificates, reports or other instruments required to be
furnished to it, the Trustee is required to examine such documents and to
determine whether they conform to the requirements of the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement.
THE TRUSTEE
The Trustee under each Pooling and Servicing Agreement will be named
in the related Prospectus Supplement. The commercial bank, national banking
association or trust company serving as Trustee may have typical banking
relationships with the Depositor and its affiliates, the Servicer and its
affiliates and any Sub-Servicer and its affiliates. The Trustee may resign at
any time in the manner set forth in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement,
in which event the Servicer will be obligated to appoint a successor Trustee.
The Trustee may be removed if it ceases to be eligible to continue as such under
the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement or if it becomes insolvent. Any
resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor trustee
will not become effective until the acceptance of appointment by a successor
trustee. The Trustee may appoint separate trustees and co-trustees to the extent
provided in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
DESCRIPTION OF CREDIT SUPPORT
GENERAL
For any series of Certificates, Credit Support may be provided with
respect to one or more classes thereof or the related Mortgage Loans. Credit
Support may be in the form of the subordination of one or more classes of
Certificates, letters of credit, insurance policies, surety bonds, guarantees,
the establishment of one or more reserve funds, cross-collateralization,
overcollateralization or another method of Credit Support described in the
related Prospectus Supplement, or any combination of the foregoing. If so
provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, any form of Credit Support may be
structured so as to be drawn upon by more than one series to the extent
described therein.
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Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus Supplement for a
series of Certificates, the Credit Support will not provide protection against
all risks of loss and will not guarantee repayment of the entire Certificate
Balance of the Certificates and interest thereon. If losses or shortfalls occur
that exceed the amount covered by Credit Support or that are not covered by
Credit Support, Certificateholders will bear their allocable share of
deficiencies. Moreover, if a form of Credit Support covers more than one pool of
Mortgage Loans in a Trust (each, a "Covered Pool") or more than one series of
Certificates (each, a "Covered Trust"), holders of Certificates evidencing
interests in any of such Covered Pools or Covered Trusts will be subject to the
risk that such Credit Support will be exhausted by the claims of other Covered
Pools or Covered Trusts prior to such Covered Pool or Covered Trust receiving
any of its intended share of such coverage.
If Credit Support is provided with respect to one or more classes of
Certificates of a series, or the related Mortgage Loans, the related Prospectus
Supplement will include a description of (a) the nature and amount of coverage
under such Credit Support, (b) any conditions to payment thereunder not
otherwise described herein, (c) the conditions (if any) under which the amount
of coverage under such Credit Support may be reduced and under which such Credit
Support may be terminated or replaced and (d) the material provisions relating
to such Credit Support. Additionally, the related Prospectus Supplement will set
forth certain information with respect to the obligor under any instrument of
Credit Support, including (i) a brief description of its principal business
activities, (ii) its principal place of business, place of incorporation and the
jurisdiction under which it is chartered or licensed to do business, (iii) if
applicable, the identity of regulatory agencies that exercise primary
jurisdiction over the conduct of its business and (iv) its total assets and its
stockholders' or policyholders' surplus, if applicable, as of the date specified
in the Prospectus Supplement. See "Risk Factors--Credit Support Limitations".
SUBORDINATE CERTIFICATES
If so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, one or more
classes of Certificates of a series may be Subordinate Certificates. If so
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the rights of the holders of
Subordinate Certificates to receive distributions of principal and interest from
the Certificate Account on any Remittance Date will be subordinated to such
rights of the holders of Senior Certificates to the extent specified in the
related Prospectus Supplement. If so provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the subordination of a class may apply only in the event of (or may
be limited to) certain types of losses or shortfalls. The related Prospectus
Supplement will set forth information concerning the amount of subordination of
a class or classes of Subordinate Certificates in a series, the circumstances in
which such subordination will be applicable and the manner, if any, in which the
amount of subordination will be effected. If one or more classes of Subordinate
Certificates of a series are Offered Certificates, the related Prospectus
Supplement will provide information as to the sensitivity of distributions on
such Certificates based on certain default assumptions.
CROSS-SUPPORT PROVISIONS
If so provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Mortgage
Loans for a series of Certificates may be divided into separate groups, each
supporting a separate class or classes of Certificates of a series, and credit
support may be provided by cross-support provisions requiring that distributions
be made on certain classes of Certificates evidencing interests in one group of
Mortgage Loans prior to distributions on other classes of Certificates
evidencing interests in a different group of Mortgage Loans. The Prospectus
Supplement for a series that includes a cross-support provision will describe
the manner and conditions for applying such provisions.
INSURANCE OR GUARANTEES WITH RESPECT TO THE MORTGAGE LOANS
If so provided in the Prospectus Supplement for a series of
Certificates, the Mortgage Loans in the related Trust Fund will be covered for
various default risks by insurance policies or guarantees. A copy of any such
material instrument for a series will be filed with the Commission as an exhibit
to a Current Report on Form 8-K to be filed within 15 days of issuance of the
Certificates of the related series.
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LETTER OF CREDIT
If so provided in the Prospectus Supplement for a series of
Certificates, deficiencies in amounts otherwise payable on such Certificates or
certain classes thereof will be covered by one or more letters of credit, issued
by a bank or financial institution specified in such Prospectus Supplement (the
"L/C Bank"). Under a letter of credit, the L/C Bank will be obligated to honor
draws thereunder in an aggregate fixed dollar amount, net of unreimbursed
payments thereunder, generally equal to the percentage specified in the related
Prospectus Supplement of the aggregate principal balance of the Mortgage Loans
on the related Cut-off Date or one or more classes of Certificates. If so
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the letter of credit may permit
draws in the event of only certain types of losses. The amount available under
the letter of credit will, in all cases, be reduced to the extent of the
unreimbursed payments thereunder and otherwise as described in the related
Prospectus Supplement. The obligations of the L/C Bank under the letter of
credit for each series of Certificates will expire at the earlier of the date
specified in the related Prospectus Supplement or the termination of the Trust
Fund. A copy of any such letter of credit for a series will be filed with the
Commission as an exhibit to a Current Report on Form 8-K to be filed within 15
days of issuance of the Certificates of the related series.
INSURANCE POLICIES AND SURETY BONDS
If so provided in the Prospectus Supplement for a series of
Certificates, deficiencies in amounts otherwise payable on such Certificates or
certain classes thereof will be covered by insurance policies and/or surety
bonds provided by one or more insurance companies or sureties. Such instruments
may cover, with respect to one or more classes of Certificates of the related
series, timely distributions of interest and/or full distributions of principal
on the basis of a schedule of principal distributions set forth in or determined
in the manner specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. A copy of any such
instrument for a series will be filed with the Commission as an exhibit to a
Current Report on Form 8-K to be filed with the Commission within 15 days of
issuance of the Certificates of the related series.
RESERVE FUNDS OR SPREAD ACCOUNT
If so provided in the Prospectus Supplement for a series of
Certificates, deficiencies in amounts otherwise payable on such Certificates or
certain classes thereof will be covered by one or more reserve funds in which
cash, a letter of credit, Permitted Investments, a demand note or a combination
thereof will be deposited, in the amounts so specified in such Prospectus
Supplement. The reserve funds for a series may also be funded over time by
depositing therein a specified amount of the distributions received on the
related Mortgage Loans as specified in the related Prospectus Supplement. A
reserve fund for a series of Certificates which is funded over time by
depositing therein a portion of the interest payment on each Mortgage Loan will
be referred to as a "Spread Account" in the related Prospectus Supplement and
Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
Amounts on deposit in any reserve fund for a series of Certificates,
together with the reinvestment income thereon, if any, will be applied for the
purposes, in the manner, and to the extent specified in the related Prospectus
Supplement. A reserve fund may be provided to increase the likelihood of timely
distributions of principal of or interest on the Certificates. If so specified
in the related Prospectus Supplement, reserve funds may be established to
provide limited protection against only certain types of losses and shortfalls.
Following each Remittance Date amounts in a reserve fund in excess of any amount
required to be maintained therein may be released from the reserve fund under
the conditions and to the extent specified in the related Prospectus Supplement
and will not be available for further application to the Certificates.
Moneys deposited in any reserve funds will be invested in Permitted
Instruments, except as otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement.
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, any
reinvestment income or other gain from such investments will be credited to the
related reserve fund for such series, and any loss resulting from such
investments will be charged to such reserve fund. However, such income may be
payable to the Servicer or another service provider as additional compensation.
The reserve fund, if any, for a series will not be a part of the Trust Fund
unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement.
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Additional information concerning any reserve fund will be set forth
in the related Prospectus Supplement, including the initial balance of such
reserve fund, the balance required to be maintained in the reserve fund, the
manner in which such required balance will decrease over time, the manner of
funding such reserve fund, the purposes for which funds in the reserve fund may
be applied to make distributions to Certificateholders and the use of investment
earnings from the reserve fund, if any.
OVERCOLLATERALIZATION
If so provided in the Prospectus Supplement for a series of
Certificates, a portion of the interest payment on each Mortgage Loan may be
applied as an additional distribution in respect of principal to reduce the
principal balance of a certain class or classes of Certificates and, thus,
accelerate the rate of payment of principal on such class or classes of
Certificates.
CERTAIN LEGAL ASPECTS OF MORTGAGE LOANS
The following discussion contains summaries of certain legal aspects
of mortgage loans secured by one- to four-family residential properties that are
general in nature. Because such legal aspects are governed in part by applicable
state law (which laws may differ substantially), the summaries do not purport to
be complete nor to reflect the laws of any particular state nor to encompass the
laws of all states in which the Mortgaged Properties may be situated. The
summaries are qualified in their entirety by reference to the applicable federal
and state laws governing the Mortgage Loans.
GENERAL
SINGLE FAMILY AND MULTIFAMILY LOANS. Each Single Family and
Multifamily Loan will be secured by either a deed of trust or mortgage,
depending upon the prevailing practice in the state in which the Mortgaged
Property subject to such Mortgage Loan is located. In some states, a mortgage
creates a lien upon the real property encumbered by the mortgage. In other
states, the mortgage conveys legal title to the property to the mortgagee
subject to a condition subsequent, i.e., the payment of the indebtedness secured
thereby. There are two parties to a mortgage, the mortgagor, who is the borrower
and homeowner, and the mortgagee, who is the lender. Under the mortgage
instrument, the mortgagor delivers to the mortgagee a note or bond and the
mortgage. Although a deed of trust is similar to a mortgage, a deed of trust has
three parties, the borrower-homeowner called the trustor (similar to a
mortgagor), a lender called the beneficiary (similar to a mortgagee), and a
third-party grantee called the trustee. Under a deed of trust, the borrower
grants the property, irrevocably until the debt is paid, in trust, generally
with a power of sale, to the trustee to secure payment of the obligation. The
trustee's authority under a deed of trust and the mortgagee's authority under a
mortgage are governed by law, the express provisions of the deed of trust or
mortgage, and, in some cases, the directions of the beneficiary. Some states use
a security deed or deed to secure debt which is similar to a deed of trust
except that it has only two parties: a grantor (similar to a mortgagor) and a
grantee (similar to a mortgagee). Mortgages, deeds of trust and deeds to secure
debt are not prior to liens for real estate taxes and assessments and other
charges imposed under governmental police powers. Priority between mortgages,
deeds of trust and deeds to secure debt and other encumbrances depends on their
terms in some cases and generally on the order of recordation of the mortgage,
deed of trust or the deed to secure debt in the appropriate recording office.
The Mortgages that encumber Multifamily Properties will contain an
assignment of rents and leases, pursuant to which the Mortgagor assigns to the
lender the Mortgagor's right, title and interest as landlord under each lease
and the income derived therefrom, while retaining a revocable license to collect
the rents for so long as there is no default. If the Mortgagor defaults, the
license terminates and the lender is entitled to collect the rents. Local law
may require that the lender take possession of the property and/or obtain a
court-appointed receiver before becoming entitled to collect the rents.
CONTRACTS. Under the laws of most states, manufactured housing
constitutes personal property and is subject to the motor vehicle registration
laws of the state or other jurisdiction in which the unit is located. In a few
states, where certificates of title are not required for manufactured homes,
security interests are perfected by the filing of
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a financing statement under Article 9 of the UCC which has been adopted by the
majority of states. Such financing statements are effective for five years and
must be renewed at the end of each five years. The certificate of title laws
adopted by the majority of states provide that ownership of motor vehicles and
manufactured housing shall be evidenced by a certificate of title issued by the
motor vehicles department (or a similar entity) of such state. In the states
that have enacted certificate of title laws, a security interest in a unit of
manufactured housing, so long as it is not attached to land in so permanent a
fashion as to become a fixture, is generally perfected by the recording of such
interest on the certificate of title to the unit in the appropriate motor
vehicle registration office or by delivery of the required documents and payment
of a fee to such office, depending on state law.
The Servicer will be required under the related Pooling and Servicing
Agreement to effect such notation or delivery of the required documents and
fees, and to obtain possession of the certificate of title, as appropriate under
the laws of the state in which any Manufactured Home is registered. In the event
the Servicer fails, due to clerical errors or otherwise, to effect such notation
or delivery, or files the security interest under the wrong law (for example,
under a motor vehicle title statute rather than under the UCC, in a few states),
the Trustee may not have a first priority security interest in the Manufactured
Home securing a Contract. As manufactured homes have become larger and often
have been attached to their sites without any apparent intention by the
borrowers to move them, courts in many states have held that manufactured homes
may, under certain circumstances, become subject to real estate title and
recording laws. As a result, a security interest in a manufactured home could be
rendered subordinate to the interests of other parties claiming an interest in
the home under applicable state real estate law. In order to perfect a security
interest in a manufactured home under real estate laws, the holder of the
security interest must file either a "fixture filing" under the provisions of
the UCC or a real estate mortgage under the real estate laws of the state where
the home is located. These filings must be made in the real estate records
office of the county where the home is located. Generally, Contracts will
contain provisions prohibiting the obligor from permanently attaching the
Manufactured Home to its site. So long as the obligor does not violate this
agreement, a security interest in the Manufactured Home will be governed by the
certificate of title laws or the UCC, and the notation of the security interest
on the certificate of title or the filing of a UCC financing statement will be
effective to maintain the priority of the security interest in the Manufactured
Home. If, however, a Manufactured Home is permanently attached to its site,
other parties could obtain an interest in the Manufactured Home that is prior to
the security interest originally retained by the Depositor.
The Depositor will assign or cause to be assigned a security interest
in the Manufactured Homes to the Trustee, on behalf of the Certificateholders.
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, neither the
Depositor, the Servicer nor the Trustee will amend the certificates of title to
identify the Trustee, on behalf of the Certificateholders, as the new secured
party and, accordingly, the Depositor will continue to be named as the secured
party on the certificates of title relating to the Manufactured Homes. In most
states, such assignment is an effective conveyance of such security interest
without amendment of any lien noted on the related certificate of title and the
new secured party succeeds to the Depositor's rights as the secured party.
However, in some states there exists a risk that, in the absence of an amendment
to the certificate of title, such assignment of the security interest might not
be held effective against creditors of the Depositor.
In the absence of fraud, forgery or permanent affixation of the
Manufactured Home to its site by the Manufactured Home owner, or administrative
error by state recording officials, the notation of the lien of the Depositor on
the certificate of title or delivery of the required documents and fees will be
sufficient to protect the Trustee against the rights of subsequent purchasers of
a Manufactured Home or subsequent lenders who take a security interest in the
Manufactured Home. If there are any Manufactured Homes as to which the Depositor
has failed to perfect or cause to be perfected the security interest assigned to
the Trust Fund, such security interest would be subordinate to, among others,
subsequent purchasers for value of Manufactured Homes and holders of perfected
security interests. There also exists a risk in not identifying the Trustee, on
behalf of the Certificateholders, as the new secured party on the certificate of
title that, through fraud or negligence, the security interest of the Trustee
could be released.
In the event that the owner of a Manufactured Home moves it to a
state other than the state in which such Manufactured Home initially is
registered, under the laws of most states the perfected security interest in the
Manufactured Home would continue for four months after such relocation and
thereafter until the owner re-registers
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the Manufactured Home in such state. If the owner were to relocate a
Manufactured Home to another state and re- register the Manufactured Home in
such state, and if the Depositor did not take steps to re-perfect its security
interest in such state, the security interest in the Manufactured Home would
cease to be perfected. A majority of states generally require surrender of a
certificate of title to re-register a Manufactured Home; accordingly, the
Depositor must surrender possession if it holds the certificate of title to such
Manufactured Home or, in the case of Manufactured Homes registered in states
that provide for notation of lien, the Depositor would receive notice of
surrender if the security interest in the Manufactured Home is noted on the
certificate of title. Accordingly, the Depositor would have the opportunity to
re-perfect its security interest in the Manufactured Home in the state of
relocation. In states that do not require a certificate of title for
registration of a manufactured home, re-registration could defeat perfection.
Similarly, when an obligor under a manufactured housing conditional sales
contract sells a manufactured home, the obligee must surrender possession of the
certificate of title or it will receive notice as a result of its lien noted
thereon and accordingly will have an opportunity to require satisfaction of the
related manufactured housing conditional sales contract before release of the
lien. Under each related Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Servicer will be
obligated to take such steps, at the Servicer's expense, as are necessary to
maintain perfection of security interests in the Manufactured Homes.
Under the laws of most states, liens for repairs performed on a
Manufactured Home take priority even over a perfected security interest. The
Depositor will represent that it has no knowledge of any such liens with respect
to any Manufactured Home securing a Contract. However, such liens could arise at
any time during the term of a Contract. No notice will be given to the Trustee
or Certificateholders in the event such a lien arises.
FORECLOSURE ON MORTGAGES
Foreclosure is a legal procedure that allows the mortgagee to recover
its mortgage debt by enforcing its rights and available remedies under the
mortgage. Foreclosure of a mortgage is generally accomplished by judicial
action. The action is initiated by the service of legal pleadings upon all
parties having an interest of record in the real property. Delays in completion
of the foreclosure may occasionally result from difficulties in locating
necessary parties defendant. Judicial foreclosure proceedings are often not
contested by any of the parties defendant. However, when the mortgagee's right
to foreclose is contested, the legal proceedings necessary to resolve the issue
can be time-consuming. After the completion of a judicial foreclosure, the court
would issue a judgment of foreclosure and would generally appoint a referee or
other court officer to conduct the sale of the property.
Foreclosure of a deed of trust or a deed to secure debt is generally
accomplished by a non-judicial trustee's sale under a specific provision in the
deed of trust or deed to secure debt which authorizes the sale of the property
to a third party upon any default by the borrower under the terms of the note,
deed of trust or deed to secure debt. In some states, prior to such sale, the
trustee must record a notice of default and send a copy to the borrower-trustor
and to any person who has recorded a request for a copy of a notice of default
and notice of sale. In addition, prior to such sale, the trustee must provide
notice in some states to any other individual having an interest of record in
the real property, including any junior lienholders. In some states, the
borrower, or any other person having a junior encumbrance on the real estate,
may, during a reinstatement period, cure the default by paying the entire amount
in arrears plus the costs and expenses incurred in enforcing the obligations,
including attorney's and trustee's fees to the extent allowed by applicable law.
Certain states may require notices of sale to be published periodically for a
proscribed period in a specified manner prior to the date of the trustee's sale.
Generally, state laws require that a copy of the notice of sale be posted on the
property and sent to all parties having an interest in the real property.
In case of foreclosure under either a mortgage or a deed of trust,
the sale by the referee or other designated officer or by the trustee is often a
public sale. Because of the difficulty a potential buyer at the sale would have
in determining the exact status of title and because the physical condition of
the property may have deteriorated during the foreclosure proceedings, a third
party may be unwilling to purchase the property at a foreclosure sale. Until
recently, potential buyers were confronted with the 1980 decision of the United
States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit in Durrett v. Washington National
Insurance Company. The court in Durrett held that even a non-collusive,
regularly conducted foreclosure sale was a fraudulent transfer under section 67d
of the former Bankruptcy Act (section 548 of the current United States
Bankruptcy Code) and, therefore, could be rescinded in favor of the bankrupt's
estate, if (i) the foreclosure sale was held while the debtor was insolvent and
not more than one year
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prior to the filing of the bankruptcy petition, and (ii) the price paid for the
foreclosed property did not represent "fair consideration" ("reasonably
equivalent value" under the United States Bankruptcy Code). However, on May 23,
1994, Durrett was effectively overruled by the United States Supreme Court in
BFP v. Resolution Trust Corporation, as Receiver for Imperial Federal Savings
and Loan Association, et al., in which the Court held that "'reasonably
equivalent value', for foreclosed property, is the price in fact received at the
foreclosure sale, so long as all the requirements of the State's foreclosure law
have been complied with".
For these reasons, it is common for the lender to purchase the
property from the trustee, referee or other court officer for an amount equal to
the principal amount of the indebtedness secured by the mortgage or deed of
trust, accrued and unpaid interest and the expenses of foreclosure. Generally,
state law controls the amount of foreclosure costs and expenses, including
attorneys' and trustee's fees, which may be recovered by a lender. In some
states there is a statutory minimum purchase price which the lender may offer
for the property. Thereafter, subject to the right of the borrower in some
states to remain in possession during the redemption period, the lender will
assume the burdens of ownership, including the obligation to pay taxes, obtain
casualty insurance and to make such repairs at its own expense as are necessary
to render the property suitable for sale. The lender will commonly obtain the
services of a real estate broker and pay the broker's commission in connection
with the sale of the property. Depending upon market conditions, the ultimate
proceeds of the sale of the property may not equal the lender's investment in
the property.
A second mortgagee may not foreclose on the property securing a
second mortgage unless it forecloses subject to the first mortgage, in which
case it must either pay the entire amount due on the first mortgage to the first
mortgagee prior to or at the time of the foreclosure sale or undertake the
obligation to make payments on the first mortgage in the event the mortgagor is
in default thereunder, in either event adding the amounts expended to the
balance due on the second loan, and may be subrogated to the rights of the first
mortgagee. In addition, in the event that the foreclosure of a second mortgage
triggers the enforcement of a "due-on-sale" clause, the second mortgagee may be
required to pay the full amount of the first mortgage to the first mortgagee.
Accordingly, with respect to those Mortgage Loans which are second mortgage
loans, if the lender purchases the property, the lender's title will be subject
to all senior liens and claims and certain governmental liens.
The proceeds received by the referee or trustee from the sale are
applied first to the costs, fees and expenses of sale and then in satisfaction
of the indebtedness secured by the mortgage or deed of trust under which the
sale was conducted. Any remaining proceeds are generally payable to the holders
of junior mortgages or deeds of trust and other liens and claims in order of
their priority, whether or not the borrower is in default. Any additional
proceeds are generally payable to the mortgagor or trustor. The payment of the
proceeds to the holders of junior mortgages may occur in the foreclosure action
of the senior mortgagee or may require the institution of separate legal
proceedings.
Under the REMIC provisions of the Code and the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement with respect to a series of Certificates, the Servicer may be required
to hire an independent contractor to operate any REO Property. The costs of such
operation may be significantly greater than the cost of direct operation by the
Servicer.
Some states impose prohibitions or limitations on remedies available
to the mortgagee, including the right to recover the debt from the mortgagor.
See "--Anti-Deficiency Legislation and Other Limitations on Lenders" herein.
In certain jurisdictions, real property transfer or recording taxes
or fees may be imposed on the REMIC with respect to its acquisition (by
foreclosure or otherwise) and disposition of REO Property, and any such taxes or
fees imposed may reduce Liquidation Proceeds with respect to such REO Property,
as well as distributions payable to the Certificateholders.
REPOSSESSION WITH RESPECT TO CONTRACTS
Repossession of manufactured housing is governed by state law. A few
states have enacted legislation that requires that the debtor be given an
opportunity to cure its default (typically 30 days to bring the account current)
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before repossession can commence. So long as a manufactured home has not become
so attached to real estate that it would be treated as a part of the real estate
under the law of the state where it is located, repossession of such home in the
event of a default by the obligor will generally be governed by the UCC (except
in Louisiana). Article 9 of the UCC provides the statutory framework for the
repossession of manufactured housing. While the UCC as adopted by the various
states may vary in certain small particulars, the general repossession procedure
established by the UCC is as follows:
(i) Except in those states where the debtor must
receive notice of the right to cure a default, repossession can
commence immediately upon default without prior notice. Repossession
may be effected either through self-help (peaceable retaking without
court order), voluntary repossession or through judicial process
(repossession pursuant to court-issued writ of replevin). The
self-help and/or voluntary repossession methods are more commonly
employed, and are accomplished simply by retaking possession of the
manufactured home. In cases in which the debtor objects or raises a
defense to repossession, a court order must be obtained from the
appropriate state court, and the manufactured home must then be
repossessed in accordance with that order. Whether the method
employed is self-help, voluntary repossession or judicial
repossession, the repossession can be accomplished either by an
actual physical removal of the manufactured home to a secure location
for refurbishment and resale or by removing the occupants and their
belongings from the manufactured home and maintaining possession of
the manufactured home on the location where the occupants were
residing. Various factors may affect whether the manufactured home is
physically removed or left on location, such as the nature and term
of the lease of the site on which it is located and the condition of
the unit. In many cases, leaving the manufactured home on location is
preferable, in the event that the home is already set up, because the
expenses of retaking and redelivery will be saved. However, in those
cases where the home is left on location, expenses for site rentals
will usually be incurred.
(ii) Once repossession has been achieved,
preparation for the subsequent disposition of the manufactured home
can commence. The disposition may be by public or private sale
provided the method, manner, time, place and terms of the sale are
commercially reasonable.
(iii) Sale proceeds are to be applied first to
repossession expenses (expenses incurred in retaking, storage,
preparing for sale to include refurbishing costs and selling) and
then to satisfaction of the indebtedness. While some states impose
prohibitions or limitations on deficiency judgments if the net
proceeds from resale do not cover the full amount of the
indebtedness, the remainder may be sought from the debtor in the form
of a deficiency judgement in those states that do not prohibit or
limit such judgments. The deficiency judgment is a personal judgment
against the debtor for the shortfall. Occasionally, after resale of a
manufactured home and payment of all expenses and indebtedness, there
is a surplus of funds. In that case, the UCC requires the party suing
for the deficiency judgment to remit the surplus to the debtor.
Because the defaulting owner of a manufactured home generally has
very little capital or income available following repossession, a
deficiency judgment may not be sought in many cases or, if obtained,
will be settled at a significant discount in light of the defaulting
owner's strained financial condition.
SECOND MORTGAGES
Some of the Mortgage Loans may be secured by second mortgages or
deeds of trust, which are junior to first mortgages or deeds of trust held by
other lenders. The rights of the Certificateholders as the holders of a junior
deed of trust or a junior mortgage are subordinate in lien and in payment to
those of the holder of the senior mortgage or deed of trust, including the prior
rights of the senior mortgagee or beneficiary to receive and apply hazard
insurance and condemnation proceeds and, upon default of the mortgagor, to cause
a foreclosure on the property. Upon completion of the foreclosure proceedings by
the holder of the senior mortgage or the sale pursuant to the deed of trust, the
junior mortgagee's or junior beneficiary's lien will be extinguished unless the
junior lienholder satisfies the defaulted senior loan or asserts its subordinate
interest in a property in foreclosure proceedings. See "--Foreclosure" herein.
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Furthermore, the terms of the second mortgage or deed of trust are
subordinate to the terms of the first mortgage or deed of trust. In the event of
a conflict between the terms of the first mortgage or deed of trust and the
second mortgage or deed of trust, the terms of the first mortgage or deed of
trust will govern generally. Upon a failure of the mortgagor or trustor to
perform any of its obligations, the senior mortgagee or beneficiary, subject to
the terms of the senior mortgage or deed of trust, may have the right to perform
the obligation itself. Generally, all sums so expended by the mortgagee or
beneficiary become part of the indebtedness secured by the mortgage or deed of
trust. To the extent a first mortgagee expends such sums, such sums will
generally have priority over all sums due under the second mortgage.
RIGHTS OF REDEMPTION
SINGLE FAMILY AND MULTIFAMILY PROPERTIES. In some states, after sale
pursuant to a deed of trust or foreclosure of a mortgage, the borrower and
foreclosed junior lienors are given a statutory period in which to redeem the
property from the foreclosure sale. In some states, redemption may occur only
upon payment of the entire principal balance of the loan, accrued interest and
expenses of foreclosure. In other states, redemption may be authorized if the
former borrower pays only a portion of the sums due. The effect of a statutory
right of redemption is to diminish the ability of the lender to sell the
foreclosed property. The exercise of a right of redemption would defeat the
title of any purchaser subsequent to foreclosure or sale under a deed of trust.
Consequently, the practical effect of the redemption right is to force the
lender to maintain the property and pay the expenses of ownership until the
redemption period has expired.
MANUFACTURED HOMES. While state laws do not usually require notice to
be given to debtors prior to repossession, many states do require delivery of a
notice of default and of the debtor's right to cure defaults before
repossession. The law in most states also requires that the debtor be given
notice of sale prior to the resale of the home so that the owner may redeem at
or before resale. In addition, the sale must comply with the requirements of the
UCC.
ANTI-DEFICIENCY LEGISLATION AND OTHER LIMITATIONS ON LENDERS
SINGLE FAMILY AND MULTIFAMILY PROPERTIES. Certain states have imposed
statutory prohibitions which limit the remedies of a beneficiary under a deed of
trust or a mortgagee under a mortgage. In some states, statutes limit the right
of the beneficiary or mortgagee to obtain a deficiency judgment against the
borrower following foreclosure or sale under a deed of trust. A deficiency
judgment would be a personal judgment against the former borrower equal in most
cases to the difference between the net amount realized upon the public sale of
the real property and the amount due to the lender. Other statutes require the
beneficiary or mortgagee to exhaust the security afforded under a deed of trust
or mortgage by foreclosure in an attempt to satisfy the full debt before
bringing a personal action against the borrower. In certain other states, the
lender has the option of bringing a personal action against the borrower on the
debt without first exhausting such security; however, in some of these states,
the lender, following judgment on such personal action, may be deemed to have
elected a remedy and may be precluded from exercising remedies with respect to
the security. Consequently, the practical effect of the election requirement, in
those states permitting such election, is that lenders will usually proceed
against the security first rather than bringing a personal action against the
borrower. Finally, other statutory provisions limit any deficiency judgment
against the former borrower following a judicial sale to the excess of the
outstanding debt over the fair market value of the property at the time of the
public sale. The purpose of these statutes is generally to prevent a beneficiary
or a mortgagee from obtaining a large deficiency judgment against the former
borrower as a result of low or no bids at the judicial sale.
In addition to laws limiting or prohibiting deficiency judgments,
numerous other statutory provisions, including the federal bankruptcy laws and
state laws affording relief to debtors, may interfere with or affect the ability
of the secured mortgage lender to realize upon collateral and/or enforce a
deficiency judgment. For example, with respect to federal bankruptcy law, a
court with federal bankruptcy jurisdiction may permit a debtor through its
Chapter 11 or Chapter 13 rehabilitative plan to cure a monetary default in
respect of a mortgage loan on a debtor's residence by paying arrearages within a
reasonable time period and reinstating the original mortgage loan payment
schedule even though the lender accelerated the mortgage loan and final judgment
of foreclosure had been
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entered in state court provided no sale of the residence had yet occurred prior
to the filing of the debtor's petition. Some courts with federal bankruptcy
jurisdiction have approved plans, based on the particular facts of the
reorganization case, that effected the curing of a mortgage loan default by
paying arrearages over a number of years.
Courts with federal bankruptcy jurisdiction have also indicated that
the terms of a mortgage loan secured by property of the debtor may be modified.
These courts have suggested that such modifications may include reducing the
amount of each monthly payment, changing the rate of interest, altering the
repayment schedule, forgiving all or a portion of the debt and reducing the
lender's security interest to the value of the residence, thus leaving the
lender a general unsecured creditor for the difference between the value of the
residence and the outstanding balance of the loan.
In the case of income-producing Multifamily Properties, federal
bankruptcy law may also have the effect of interfering with or affecting the
ability of the secured lender to enforce the borrower's assignment of rents and
leases related to the mortgaged property. Under Section 362 of the Bankruptcy
Code, the lender will be stayed from enforcing the assignment, and the legal
proceedings necessary to resolve the issue could be time-consuming, with
resulting delays in the lender's receipt of the rents.
The Code provides priority to certain tax liens over the lien of the
mortgage or deed of trust. In addition, substantive requirements are imposed
upon lenders in connection with the origination and the servicing of mortgage
loans by numerous federal and some state consumer protection laws. These laws
include the federal Truth-in-Lending Act, Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act,
Equal Credit Opportunity Act, Fair Credit Billing Act, Fair Credit Reporting
Act, and related statutes. These federal laws impose specific statutory
liabilities upon lenders who originate mortgage loans and who fail to comply
with the provisions of the applicable laws. In some cases, this liability may
affect assignees of the Mortgage Loans.
CONTRACTS. In addition to the laws limiting or prohibiting deficiency
judgments, numerous other statutory provisions, including federal bankruptcy
laws and related state laws, may interfere with or affect the ability of a
lender to realize upon collateral and/or enforce a deficiency judgment. For
example, in a Chapter 13 proceeding under the federal bankruptcy law, a court
may prevent a lender from repossessing a home, and, as part of the
rehabilitation plan, reduce the amount of the secured indebtedness to the market
value of the home at the time of bankruptcy (as determined by the court),
leaving the party providing financing as a general unsecured creditor for the
remainder of the indebtedness. A bankruptcy court may also reduce the monthly
payments due under a contract or change the rate of interest and time of
repayment of the indebtedness.
ENFORCEABILITY OF CERTAIN PROVISIONS
SINGLE FAMILY AND MULTIFAMILY PROPERTIES. All of the Single Family
and Multifamily Loans will include a debt-acceleration clause, which permits the
lender to accelerate the debt upon a monetary default of the borrower, after the
applicable cure period. The courts of all states will enforce clauses providing
for acceleration in the event of a material payment default. However, courts of
any state, exercising equity jurisdiction, may refuse to allow a lender to
foreclose a mortgage or deed of trust when an acceleration of the indebtedness
would be inequitable or unjust and the circumstances would render the
acceleration unconscionable.
Some courts have imposed general equitable principles to limit the
remedies available in connection with foreclosure. These equitable principles
are generally designed to relieve the borrower from the legal effect of his
defaults under the loan documents. For example, some courts have required that
the lender undertake affirmative and expensive actions to determine the causes
for the borrower's default and the likelihood that the borrower will be able to
reinstate the loan. In some cases, courts have substituted their judgment for
the lenders' judgment and have required that lenders reinstate loans or recast
payment schedules in order to accommodate borrowers who are suffering from
temporary financial disability. In other cases, courts have limited the right of
the lenders to foreclose if the default under the mortgage instrument or deed of
trust is not monetary, such as the borrower's failure to maintain adequately the
property or the borrower's execution of a second mortgage or deed of trust
affecting the
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property. Finally, some courts have been willing to relieve a borrower from the
consequences of the default if the borrower has not received adequate notice of
the default.
All of the Mortgage Loans will contain "due-on-sale" clauses. These
clauses permit the lender to accelerate the maturity of the loan if the borrower
sells, transfers or conveys the property. The enforceability of these clauses
has been the subject of legislation or litigation in many states, and in some
cases the enforceability of these clauses was limited or denied. However, the
Garn-St. Germain Depository Institutions Act of 1982 (the "Garn-St. Germain
Act") preempts state constitutional, statutory and case law that prohibits the
enforcement of due-on-sale clauses and permits lenders to enforce these clauses
in accordance with their terms, subject to certain limited exceptions. The
Garn-St. Germain Act does "encourage" lenders to permit assumption of loans at
the original rate of interest or at some other rate less than the average of the
original rate and the market rate.
Exempted from the general rule of enforceability of due-on-sale
clauses are mortgage loans (originated other than by federal savings and loan
associations and federal savings banks) that were made or assumed during the
period beginning on the date a state, by statute or final appellate court
decision having statewide effect, prohibited the exercise of due-on-sale clauses
and ending on October 15, 1982 ("Window Period Loans"). However, the exception
applies only to transfers of property underlying Window Period Loans occurring
between October 15, 1982 and October 15, 1985 and does not restrict enforcement
of a due-on-sale clause in connection with current transfers of property
underlying Window Period Loans unless the property underlying such Window Period
Loan is located in one of the five "window period states" identified below.
Due-on-sale clauses contained in mortgage loans originated by federal savings
and loan associations or federal savings banks are fully enforceable pursuant to
regulations of the Office of Thrift Supervision, successor to the Federal Home
Loan Bank Board, which preempt state law restrictions on the enforcement of
due-on-sale clauses.
With the expiration of the exemption for Window Period Loans on
October 15, 1985, due-on-sale clauses have become generally enforceable except
in those states whose legislatures exercised their authority to regulate the
enforceability of such clauses with respect to mortgage loans that were (i)
originated or assumed during the "window period", which ended in all cases not
later than October 15, 1982, and (ii) originated by lenders other than national
banks, federal savings institutions and federal credit unions. The Federal Home
Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC") has taken the position in its published
mortgage servicing standards that, out of a total of eleven "window period
states", five states (Arizona, Michigan, Minnesota, New Mexico and Utah) have
enacted statutes extending, on various terms and for varying periods, the
prohibition on enforcement of due-on-sale clauses with respect to certain
categories of Window Period Loans.
The inability to enforce a due-on-sale clause may result in a
Mortgage Loan bearing an interest rate below the current market rate being
assumed by a new home buyer rather than being paid off, which may have an impact
upon the average life of the Mortgage Loans and the number of Mortgage Loans
which may be outstanding until maturity.
MANUFACTURED HOMES. Generally, manufactured housing contracts contain
provisions prohibiting the sale or transfer of the related manufactured homes
without the consent of the obligee on the contract and permitting the
acceleration of the maturity of such contracts by the obligee on the contract
upon any such sale or transfer that is not consented to. Unless otherwise
provided in the related Prospectus Supplement, the Servicer will, to the extent
it has knowledge of such conveyance or proposed conveyance, exercise or cause to
be exercised its rights to accelerate the maturity of the related Contracts
through enforcement of due-on-sale clauses, subject to applicable state law. In
certain cases, the transfer may be made by a delinquent obligor in order to
avoid a repossession proceeding with respect to a Manufactured Home.
In the case of a transfer of a Manufactured Home as to which the
Servicer desires to accelerate the maturity of the related Contract, the
Servicer's ability to do so will depend on the enforceability under state law of
the due-on-sale clause. The Garn-St. Germain Act preempts, subject to certain
exceptions and conditions, state laws prohibiting enforcement of due-on-sale
clauses applicable to the Manufactured Homes. Consequently, in some cases the
Servicer may be prohibited from enforcing a due-on-sale clause in respect of
certain Manufactured Homes.
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SUBORDINATE FINANCING
When the mortgagor encumbers mortgaged property with one or more
junior liens, the senior lender is subjected to additional risk. First, the
mortgagor may have difficulty servicing and repaying multiple loans. In
addition, if the junior loan permits recourse to the mortgagor (as junior loans
often do) and the senior loan does not, a mortgagor may be more likely to repay
sums due on the junior loan than those on the senior loan. Second, acts of the
senior lender that prejudice the junior lender or impair the junior lender's
security may create a superior equity in favor of the junior lender. For
example, if the mortgagor and the senior lender agree to an increase in the
principal amount of or the interest rate payable on the senior loan, the senior
lender may lose its priority to the extent an existing junior lender is harmed
or the mortgagor is additionally burdened. Third, if the mortgagor defaults on
the senior loan and/or any junior loan or loans, the existence of junior loans
and actions taken by junior lenders can impair the security available to the
senior lender and can interfere with or delay the taking of action by the senior
lender. Moreover, the bankruptcy of a junior lender may operate to stay
foreclosure or similar proceedings by the senior lender.
APPLICABILITY OF USURY LAWS
Title V of the Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary
Control Act of 1980, enacted in March 1980 ("Title V"), provides that state
usury limitations shall not apply to certain types of residential first mortgage
loans originated by certain lenders after March 31, 1980. A similar federal
statute was in effect with respect to mortgage loans made during the first three
months of 1980. The Office of Thrift Supervision is authorized to issue rules
and regulations and to publish interpretations governing implementation of Title
V. The statute authorized any state to reimpose interest rate limits by
adopting, before April 1, 1983, a law or constitutional provision which
expressly rejects application of the federal law. In addition, even where Title
V is not so rejected, any state is authorized by the law to adopt a provision
limiting discount points or other charges on mortgage loans covered by Title V.
Certain states have taken action to reimpose interest rate limits and/or to
limit discount points or other charges. Title V also provides that, subject to
conditions (among other things, governing the terms of any prepayments, late
charges and deferral fees and requiring a 30-day notice period prior to
instituting any action leading to repossession of or foreclosure with respect to
the related unit), state usury limitations shall not apply to any loan that is
secured by a first lien on certain kinds of manufactured housing. In any state
in which application of Title V was expressly rejected or a provision limiting
discount points or other charges has been adopted, no Contract which imposes
finance charges or provides for discount points or charges in excess of
permitted levels has been included in the Trust Fund.
In the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Depositor represents and
warrants that each Mortgage Loan was originated in compliance with applicable
state law in all material respects.
CONSUMER PROTECTION LAWS WITH RESPECT TO CONTRACTS
Numerous federal and state consumer protection laws impose
substantial requirements upon creditors involved in consumer finance. These laws
include the Federal Truth-in-Lending Act, Regulation "Z", the Equal Credit
Opportunity Act, Regulation "B", the Fair Credit Reporting Act, and related
statutes. These laws can impose specific statutory liabilities upon creditors
who fail to comply with their provisions. In some cases, this liability may
affect an assignee's ability to enforce a contract.
Manufactured housing contracts often contain provisions obligating
the obligor to pay late charges if payments are not timely made. In certain
cases, federal and state law may specifically limit the amount of late charges
that may be collected. Unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement, under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement, late charges will
be retained by the Servicer as additional servicing compensation, and any
inability to collect these amounts will not affect payments to
Certificateholders.
Courts have imposed general equitable principles upon repossession
and litigation involving deficiency balances. These equitable principles are
generally designed to relieve a consumer from the legal consequences of a
default.
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In several cases, consumers have asserted that the remedies provided
to secured parties under the UCC and related laws violate the due process
protections provided under the 14th Amendment to the Constitution of the United
States. For the most part, courts have upheld the notice provisions of the UCC
and related laws as reasonable or have found that the repossession and resale by
the creditor does not involve sufficient state action to afford constitutional
protection to consumers.
The so-called "Holder-in-Due-Course" Rule of the Federal Trade
Commission (the "FTC Rule") has the effect of subjecting a seller of goods and
certain related creditors and their assignees in a consumer credit transaction
to all claims and defenses which the debtor in the transaction could assert
against the seller of the goods. Liability under the FTC Rule is limited to the
amounts paid by the obligor under the contract, and the assignee of the contract
may also be unable to collect amounts still due thereunder. It is likely that
the majority of the Contracts in a Trust Fund will be subject to the
requirements of the FTC Rule. Accordingly, the Trust Fund, as assignee of the
Contracts, will be subject to any claims or defenses that the obligor under the
Contract may assert against the seller of the manufactured home, subject to a
maximum liability equal to the amounts paid by the obligor on the Contract.
ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION
Certain states impose a statutory lien for associated costs on
property that is the subject of a cleanup action by the state on account of
hazardous wastes or hazardous substances released or disposed of on the
property. Such a lien will generally have priority over all subsequent liens on
the property and, in certain of these states, will have priority over prior
recorded liens including the lien of a mortgage. In addition, under federal
environmental legislation and possibly under state law in a number of states, a
secured party which takes a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure or acquires a mortgaged
property at a foreclosure sale or otherwise is deemed an "owner" or "operator"
of the property may be liable for the costs of cleaning up a contaminated site.
Although such costs could be substantial, it is unclear whether they would be
imposed on a secured lender (such as a Trust Fund).
FORMALDEHYDE LITIGATION WITH RESPECT TO CONTRACTS
A number of lawsuits are pending in the United States alleging
personal injury from exposure to the chemical formaldehyde, which is present in
many building materials, including such components of manufactured housing as
plywood flooring and wall paneling. Some of these lawsuits are pending against
manufacturers of manufactured housing, suppliers of component parts and related
persons in the distribution process. The Depositor is aware of a limited number
of cases in which plaintiffs have won judgments in these lawsuits.
Under the FTC Rule, the holder of any Contract secured by a
Manufactured Home with respect to which a formaldehyde claim has been
successfully asserted may be liable to the obligor for the amount paid by the
obligor on the related Contract and may be unable to collect amounts still due
under the Contract. In the event an obligor is successful in asserting such a
claim, the related Certificateholders could suffer a loss if (i) the Depositor
fails or cannot be required to repurchase the affected Contract for a breach of
representation and warranty and (ii) the Servicer or the Trustee were
unsuccessful in asserting any claim of contribution or subrogation on behalf of
the Certificateholders against the manufacturer or other persons who were
directly liable to the plaintiff for the damages. Typical products liability
insurance policies held by manufacturers and component suppliers of manufactured
homes may not cover liabilities arising from formaldehyde in manufactured
housing, with the result that recoveries from such manufacturers, suppliers or
other persons may be limited to their corporate assets without the benefit of
insurance.
SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS' CIVIL RELIEF ACT
Application of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act of 1940,
as amended (the "Relief Act"), would adversely affect, for an indeterminate
period of time, the ability of the Servicer to collect full amounts of interest
on certain of the Mortgage Loans. Any shortfall in interest collections
resulting from the application of the Relief Act or similar legislation, which
would not be recoverable from the related Mortgage Loans, would result in a
reduction of the amounts distributable to the holders of the Offered
Certificates of any series, but, as described in the related Prospectus
Supplement, may be covered by Credit Support. In addition, the Relief Act
imposes
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limitations that would impair the ability of the Servicer to foreclose on an
affected Mortgage Loan or enforce rights under a Contract during the Mortgagor's
period of active duty status, and, under certain circumstances, during an
additional three month period thereafter. Thus, in the event that the Relief Act
or similar legislation applies to any Mortgage Loan which goes into default
there may be delays in payment on the Certificates in connection therewith. Any
other interest shortfalls, deferrals or forgiveness of payments on the Mortgage
Loans resulting from similar legislation or regulations may result in delays in
payments or losses to Certificateholders in the event that the Credit Support,
if any, has been exhausted or is no longer in effect or does not cover such
shortfall.
CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
GENERAL
The following is a general discussion of the anticipated material
federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of
the Certificates offered hereunder. This discussion is directed solely to
Certificateholders that hold the Certificates as capital assets within the
meaning of Section 1221 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the "Code") and it
does not purport to discuss all federal income tax consequences that may be
applicable to particular categories of investors, some of which (such as banks,
insurance companies and foreign investors) may be subject to special rules.
Further, the authorities on which this discussion, and the opinion referred to
below, are based are subject to change or differing interpretations, which could
apply retroactively. Taxpayers and preparers of tax returns (including those
filed by any REMIC or other issuer) should be aware that under applicable
Treasury regulations a provider of advice on specific issues of law is not
considered an income tax return preparer unless the advice (i) is given with
respect to events that have occurred at the time the advice is rendered and is
not given with respect to the consequences of contemplated actions, and (ii) is
directly relevant to the determination of an entry on a tax return. Accordingly,
taxpayers should consult their own tax advisors and tax return preparers
regarding the preparation of any item on a tax return, even where the
anticipated tax treatment has been discussed herein. In addition to the federal
income tax consequences described herein, potential investors should consider
the state and local tax consequences, if any, of the purchase, ownership and
disposition of the Certificates. See "State and Other Tax Consequences".
Certificateholders are advised to consult their own tax advisors concerning the
federal, state, local or other tax consequences to them of the purchase,
ownership and disposition of the Certificates offered hereunder.
The following discussion addresses certificates ("REMIC
Certificates") representing interests in a Trust Fund, or a portion thereof,
which the Trustee will covenant to elect to have treated as a real estate
mortgage investment conduit ("REMIC") under Sections 860A through 860G (the
"REMIC Provisions") of the Code. The Prospectus Supplement for each series of
Certificates will indicate whether a REMIC election (or elections) will be made
for the related Trust Fund and, if such an election is to be made, will identify
all "regular interests" and "residual interests" in the REMIC. If a REMIC
election will not be made for a Trust Fund, the federal income tax consequences
of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the related Certificates will be
set forth in the related Prospectus Supplement. For purposes of this tax
discussion, references to a "Certificateholder" or a "holder" are to the
beneficial owner of a Certificate.
The following discussion is based in part upon the rules governing
original issue discount that are set forth in Sections 1271-1273 and 1275 of the
Code and in the Treasury regulations issued thereunder (the "OID Regulations"),
and in part upon the REMIC Provisions and the Treasury regulations issued
thereunder (the "REMIC Regulations"). The OID Regulations do not adequately
address certain issues relevant to, and in some instances provide that they are
not applicable to, securities such as the Certificates.
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REMICS
CLASSIFICATION OF REMICS
Upon the issuance of each series of REMIC Certificates, Thacher
Proffitt & Wood, counsel to the Depositor, will deliver its opinion generally to
the effect that, assuming compliance with all provisions of the related Pooling
and Servicing Agreement, the related Trust Fund (or each applicable portion
thereof) will qualify as a REMIC and the REMIC Certificates offered with respect
thereto will be considered to evidence ownership of "regular interests" ("REMIC
Regular Certificates") or "residual interests" ("REMIC Residual Certificates")
in that REMIC within the meaning of the REMIC Provisions.
If an entity electing to be treated as a REMIC fails to comply with
one or more of the ongoing requirements of the Code for such status during any
taxable year, the Code provides that the entity will not be treated as a REMIC
for such year and thereafter. In that event, such entity may be taxable as a
corporation under Treasury regulations, and the related REMIC Certificates may
not be accorded the status or given the tax treatment described below. Although
the Code authorizes the Treasury Department to issue regulations providing
relief in the event of an inadvertent termination of REMIC status, no such
regulations have been issued. Any such relief, moreover, may be accompanied by
sanctions, such as the imposition of a corporate tax on all or a portion of the
Trust Fund's income for the period in which the requirements for such status are
not satisfied. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement with respect to each REMIC
will include provisions designed to maintain the Trust Fund's status as a REMIC
under the REMIC Provisions. It is not anticipated that the status of any Trust
Fund as a REMIC will be terminated.
CHARACTERIZATION OF INVESTMENTS IN REMIC CERTIFICATES
In general, unless otherwise provided in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the REMIC Certificates will be "real estate assets" within the
meaning of Section 856(c)(5)(A) of the Code and assets described in Section
7701(a)(19)(C) of the Code in the same proportion that the assets of the REMIC
underlying such Certificates would be so treated. Moreover, if 95% or more of
the assets of the REMIC qualify for any of the foregoing treatments at all times
during a calendar year, the REMIC Certificates will qualify for the
corresponding status in their entirety for that calendar year. Interest
(including original issue discount) on the REMIC Regular Certificates and income
allocated to the class of REMIC Residual Certificates will be interest described
in Section 856(c)(3)(B) of the Code to the extent that such Certificates are
treated as "real estate assets" within the meaning of Section 856(c)(5)(A) of
the Code. In addition, the REMIC Regular Certificates will be "qualified
mortgages" within the meaning of Section 860G(a)(3) of the Code. The
determination as to the percentage of the REMIC's assets that constitute assets
described in the foregoing sections of the Code will be made with respect to
each calendar quarter based on the average adjusted basis of each category of
the assets held by the REMIC during such calendar quarter. The Servicer will
report those determinations to Certificateholders in the manner and at the times
required by applicable Treasury regulations.
The assets of the REMIC will include, in addition to Mortgage Loans,
payments on Mortgage Loans held pending distribution on the REMIC Certificates
and property acquired by foreclosure held pending sale and may include amounts
in reserve accounts. It is unclear whether property acquired by foreclosure held
pending sale and amounts in reserve accounts would be considered to be part of
the Mortgage Loans, or whether such assets (to the extent not invested in assets
described in the foregoing sections) otherwise would receive the same treatment
as the Mortgage Loans for purposes of all of the foregoing sections. In
addition, in some instances the Mortgage Loans may not be treated entirely as
assets described in the foregoing sections. If so, the related Prospectus
Supplement will describe the Mortgage Loans that may not be so treated. The
REMIC Regulations do provide, however, that payments on Mortgage Loans held
pending distribution are considered part of the Mortgage Loans for purposes of
Section 856(c)(5)(A) of the Code. Furthermore, foreclosure property will qualify
as "real estate assets" under Section 856(c)(5)(A) of the Code.
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TIERED REMIC STRUCTURES
For certain series of REMIC Certificates, two or more separate
elections may be made to treat designated portions of the related Trust Fund as
REMICs ("Tiered REMICs") for federal income tax purposes. Upon the issuance of
any such series of REMIC Certificates, Thacher Proffitt & Wood, counsel to the
Depositor, will deliver its opinion generally to the effect that, assuming
compliance with all provisions of the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement,
the Tiered REMICs will each qualify as a REMIC and the REMIC Certificates issued
by the Tiered REMICs, respectively, will be considered to evidence ownership of
REMIC Regular Certificates or REMIC Residual Certificates in the related REMIC
within the meaning of the REMIC Provisions.
Solely for purposes of determining whether the REMIC Certificates
will be "real estate assets" within the meaning of Section 856(c)(5)(A) of the
Code, and "loans...secured by an interest in real property" under Section
7701(a)(19)(C) of the Code, and whether the income on such Certificates is
interest described in Section 856(c)(3)(B) of the Code, the Tiered REMICs will
be treated as one REMIC.
TAXATION OF OWNERS OF REMIC REGULAR CERTIFICATES
General
Except as otherwise stated in this discussion, REMIC Regular
Certificates will be treated for federal income tax purposes as debt instruments
issued by the REMIC and not as ownership interests in the REMIC or its assets.
Moreover, holders of REMIC Regular Certificates that otherwise report income
under a cash method of accounting will be required to report income with respect
to REMIC Regular Certificates under an accrual method.
Original Issue Discount
Certain REMIC Regular Certificates may be issued with "original issue
discount" within the meaning of Section 1273(a) of the Code. Any holders of
REMIC Regular Certificates issued with original issue discount generally will be
required to include original issue discount in income as it accrues, in
accordance with the method described below, in advance of the receipt of the
cash attributable to such income. In addition, Section 1272(a)(6) of the Code
provides special rules applicable to REMIC Regular Certificates and certain
other debt instruments issued with original issue discount. Regulations have not
been issued under that section.
The Code requires that a prepayment assumption be used with respect
to Mortgage Loans held by a REMIC in computing the accrual of original issue
discount on REMIC Regular Certificates issued by that REMIC, and that
adjustments be made in the amount and rate of accrual of such discount to
reflect differences between the actual prepayment rate and the prepayment
assumption. The prepayment assumption is to be determined in a manner prescribed
in Treasury regulations; as noted above, those regulations have not been issued.
The Conference Committee Report accompanying the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (the
"Committee Report") indicates that the regulations will provide that the
prepayment assumption used with respect to a REMIC Regular Certificate must be
the same as that used in pricing the initial offering of such REMIC Regular
Certificate. The prepayment assumption (the "Prepayment Assumption") used in
reporting original issue discount for each series of REMIC Regular Certificates
will be consistent with this standard and will be disclosed in the related
Prospectus Supplement. However, neither the Depositor, the Servicer nor the
Trustee will make any representation that the Mortgage Loans will in fact prepay
at a rate conforming to the Prepayment Assumption or at any other rate.
The original issue discount, if any, on a REMIC Regular Certificate
will be the excess of its stated redemption price at maturity over its issue
price. The issue price of a particular class of REMIC Regular Certificates will
be the first cash price at which a substantial amount of REMIC Regular
Certificates of that class is sold (excluding sales to bond houses, brokers and
underwriters). If less than a substantial amount of a particular class of REMIC
Regular Certificates is sold for cash on or prior to the date of their initial
issuance (the "Closing Date"), the issue price for such class will be the fair
market value of such class on the Closing Date. Under the OID Regulations, the
stated redemption price of a REMIC Regular Certificate is equal to the total of
all payments to be made on such Certificate other than "qualified stated
interest". "Qualified stated interest" includes interest that is
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unconditionally payable at least annually at a single fixed rate, or at a
"qualified floating rate", an "objective rate" a combination of a single fixed
rate and one or more "qualified floating rates" or one "qualified inverse
floating rate", or a combination of "qualified floating rates" or at an
"objective rate" that does not operate in a manner that accelerates or defers
interest payments on such REMIC Regular Certificate.
In the case of REMIC Regular Certificates bearing adjustable interest
rates, the determination of the total amount of original issue discount and the
timing of the inclusion thereof will vary according to the characteristics of
such REMIC Regular Certificates. If the original issue discount rules apply to
such Certificates, the related Prospectus Supplement will describe the manner in
which such rules will be applied with respect to those Certificates in preparing
information returns to the Certificateholders and the Internal Revenue Service
(the "IRS").
Certain classes of the REMIC Regular Certificates may provide for the
first interest payment with respect to such Certificates to be made more than
one month after the date of issuance, a period which is longer than the
subsequent monthly intervals between interest payments. Assuming the "accrual
period" (as defined below) for original issue discount is each monthly period
that ends on a Distribution Date, in some cases, as a consequence of this "long
first accrual period", some or all interest payments may be required to be
included in the stated redemption price of the REMIC Regular Certificate and
accounted for as original issue discount. Because interest on REMIC Regular
Certificates must in any event be accounted for under an accrual method,
applying this analysis would result in only a slight difference in the timing of
the inclusion in income of the yield on the REMIC Regular Certificates.
In addition, if the accrued interest to be paid on the first
Distribution Date is computed with respect to a period that begins prior to the
Closing Date, a portion of the purchase price paid for a REMIC Regular
Certificate will reflect such accrued interest. In such cases, information
returns provided to the Certificateholders and the IRS will be based on the
position that the portion of the purchase price paid for the interest accrued
with respect to periods prior to the Closing Date is treated as part of the
overall cost of such REMIC Regular Certificate (and not as a separate asset the
cost of which is recovered entirely out of interest received on the next
Distribution Date) and that the portion of the interest paid on the first
Distribution Date in excess of interest accrued for a number of days
corresponding to the number of days from the Closing Date to the first
Distribution Date should be included in the stated redemption price of such
REMIC Regular Certificate. However, the OID Regulations state that all or some
portion of such accrued interest may be treated as a separate asset the cost of
which is recovered entirely out of interest paid on the first Distribution Date.
It is unclear how an election to do so would be made under the OID Regulations
and whether such an election could be made unilaterally by a Certificateholder.
Notwithstanding the general definition of original issue discount,
original issue discount on a REMIC Regular Certificate will be considered to be
de minimis if it is less than 0.25% of the stated redemption price of the REMIC
Regular Certificate multiplied by its weighted average life. For this purpose,
the weighted average life of the REMIC Regular Certificate is computed as the
sum of the amounts determined, as to each payment included in the stated
redemption price of such REMIC Regular Certificate, by multiplying (i) the
number of complete years (rounding down for partial years) from the issue date
until such payment is expected to be made (presumably taking into account the
Prepayment Assumption) by (ii) a fraction, the numerator of which is the amount
of the payment, and the denominator of which is the stated redemption price at
maturity of such REMIC Regular Certificate. Under the OID Regulations, original
issue discount of only a de minimis amount (other than de minimis original issue
discount attributable to a so-called "teaser" interest rate or an initial
interest holiday) will be included in income as each payment of stated principal
is made, based on the product of the total amount of such de minimis original
issue discount and a fraction, the numerator of which is the amount of such
principal payment and the denominator of which is the outstanding stated
principal amount of the REMIC Regular Certificate. The OID Regulations also
would permit a Certificateholder to elect to accrue de minimis original issue
discount into income currently based on a constant yield method. See "--Taxation
of Owners of REMIC Regular Certificates--Market Discount" for a description of
such election under the OID Regulations.
If original issue discount on a REMIC Regular Certificate is in
excess of a de minimis amount, the holder of such Certificate must include in
ordinary gross income the sum of the "daily portions" of original issue discount
for each day during its taxable year on which it held such REMIC Regular
Certificate, including the purchase date
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but excluding the disposition date. In the case of an original holder of a REMIC
Regular Certificate, the daily portions of original issue discount will be
determined as follows.
As to each "accrual period," that is, unless otherwise stated in the
related Prospectus Supplement, each period that ends on a date that corresponds
to a Distribution Date and begins on the first day following the immediately
preceding accrual period (or in the case of the first such period, begins on the
Closing Date), a calculation will be made of the portion of the original issue
discount that accrued during such accrual period. The portion of original issue
discount that accrues in any accrual period will equal the excess, if any, of
(i) the sum of (A) the present value, as of the end of the accrual period, of
all of the distributions remaining to be made on the REMIC Regular Certificate,
if any, in future periods and (B) the distributions made on such REMIC Regular
Certificate during the accrual period of amounts included in the stated
redemption price, over (ii) the adjusted issue price of such REMIC Regular
Certificate at the beginning of the accrual period. The present value of the
remaining distributions referred to in the preceding sentence will be calculated
(i) assuming that distributions on the REMIC Regular Certificate will be
received in future periods based on the Mortgage Loans being prepaid at a rate
equal to the Prepayment Assumption and (ii) using a discount rate equal to the
original yield to maturity of the Certificate. For these purposes, the original
yield to maturity of the Certificate will be calculated based on its issue price
and assuming that distributions on the Certificate will be made in all accrual
periods based on the Mortgage Loans being prepaid at a rate equal to the
Prepayment Assumption. The adjusted issue price of a REMIC Regular Certificate
at the beginning of any accrual period will equal the issue price of such
Certificate, increased by the aggregate amount of original issue discount that
accrued with respect to such Certificate in prior accrual periods, and reduced
by the amount of any distributions made on such REMIC Regular Certificate in
prior accrual periods of amounts included in the stated redemption price. The
original issue discount accruing during any accrual period, computed as
described above, will be allocated ratably to each day during the accrual period
to determine the daily portion of original issue discount for such day.
A subsequent purchaser of a REMIC Regular Certificate that purchases
such Certificate at a cost (excluding any portion of such cost attributable to
accrued qualified stated interest) less than its remaining stated redemption
price will also be required to include in gross income the daily portions of any
original issue discount with respect to such Certificate. However, each such
daily portion will be reduced, if such cost is in excess of the REMIC Regular
Certificate's "adjusted issue price", in proportion to the ratio such excess
bears to the aggregate original issue discount remaining to be accrued on such
REMIC Regular Certificate. The adjusted issue price of a REMIC Regular
Certificate on any given day equals the sum of (i) the adjusted issue price (or,
in the case of the first accrual period, the issue price) of such Certificate at
the beginning of the accrual period which includes such day and (ii) the daily
portions of original issue discount for all days during such accrual period
prior to such day.
Market Discount
A Certificateholder that purchases a REMIC Regular Certificate at a
market discount, that is, in the case of a REMIC Regular Certificate issued
without original issue discount, at a purchase price less than its remaining
stated principal amount, or in the case of a REMIC Regular Certificate issued
with original issue discount, at a purchase price less than its adjusted issue
price will recognize gain upon receipt of each distribution representing stated
redemption price. In particular, under Section 1276 of the Code such a
Certificateholder generally will be required to allocate the portion of each
such distribution representing stated redemption price first to accrued market
discount not previously included in income, and to recognize ordinary income to
that extent. A Certificateholder may elect to include market discount in income
currently as it accrues rather than including it on a deferred basis in
accordance with the foregoing. If made, such election will apply to all market
discount bonds acquired by such Certificateholder on or after the first day of
the first taxable year to which such election applies. In addition, the OID
Regulations permit a Certificateholder to elect to accrue all interest, discount
(including de minimis market or original issue discount) and premium in income
as interest, based on a constant yield method. If such an election were made
with respect to a REMIC Regular Certificate with market discount, the
Certificateholder would be deemed to have made an election to include currently
market discount in income with respect to all other debt instruments having
market discount that such Certificateholder acquires during the taxable year of
the election or thereafter, and possibly previously acquired instruments.
Similarly, a Certificateholder that made this election for a Certificate that is
acquired at a premium would be deemed to have made an election to amortize bond
premium
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with respect to all debt instruments having amortizable bond premium that such
Certificateholder owns or acquires. See "--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular
Certificates--Premium" below. Each of these elections to accrue interest,
discount and premium with respect to a Certificate on a constant yield method or
as interest would be irrevocable.
However, market discount with respect to a REMIC Regular Certificate
will be considered to be de minimis for purposes of Section 1276 of the Code if
such market discount is less than 0.25% of the remaining stated redemption price
of such REMIC Regular Certificate multiplied by the number of complete years to
maturity remaining after the date of its purchase. In interpreting a similar
rule with respect to original issue discount on obligations payable in
installments, the OID Regulations refer to the weighted average maturity of
obligations, and it is likely that the same rule will be applied with respect to
market discount, presumably taking into account the Prepayment Assumption. If
market discount is treated as de minimis under this rule, it appears that the
actual discount would be treated in a manner similar to original issue discount
of a de minimis amount. See "--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular
Certificates--Original Issue Discount" above. Such treatment would result in
discount being included in income at a slower rate than discount would be
required to be included in income using the method described above.
Section 1276(b)(3) of the Code specifically authorizes the Treasury
Department to issue regulations providing for the method for accruing market
discount on debt instruments, the principal of which is payable in more than one
installment. Until regulations are issued by the Treasury Department, certain
rules described in the Committee Report apply. The Committee Report indicates
that in each accrual period market discount on REMIC Regular Certificates should
accrue, at the Certificateholder's option: (i) on the basis of a constant yield
method, (ii) in the case of a REMIC Regular Certificate issued without original
issue discount, in an amount that bears the same ratio to the total remaining
market discount as the stated interest paid in the accrual period bears to the
total amount of stated interest remaining to be paid on the REMIC Regular
Certificate as of the beginning of the accrual period, or (iii) in the case of a
REMIC Regular Certificate issued with original issue discount, in an amount that
bears the same ratio to the total remaining market discount as the original
issue discount accrued in the accrual period bears to the total original issue
discount remaining on the REMIC Regular Certificate at the beginning of the
accrual period. Moreover, the Prepayment Assumption used in calculating the
accrual of original issue discount is also used in calculating the accrual of
market discount. Because the regulations referred to in this paragraph have not
been issued, it is not possible to predict what effect such regulations might
have on the tax treatment of a REMIC Regular Certificate purchased at a discount
in the secondary market.
To the extent that REMIC Regular Certificates provide for monthly or
other periodic distributions throughout their term, the effect of these rules
may be to require market discount to be includible in income at a rate that is
not significantly slower than the rate at which such discount would accrue if it
were original issue discount. Moreover, in any event a holder of a REMIC Regular
Certificate generally will be required to treat a portion of any gain on the
sale or exchange of such Certificate as ordinary income to the extent of the
market discount accrued to the date of disposition under one of the foregoing
methods, less any accrued market discount previously reported as ordinary
income.
Further, under Section 1277 of the Code a holder of a REMIC Regular
Certificate may be required to defer a portion of its interest deductions for
the taxable year attributable to any indebtedness incurred or continued to
purchase or carry a REMIC Regular Certificate purchased with market discount.
For these purposes, the de minimis rule referred to above applies. Any such
deferred interest expense would not exceed the market discount that accrues
during such taxable year and is, in general, allowed as a deduction not later
than the year in which such market discount is includible in income. If such
holder elects to include market discount in income currently as it accrues on
all market discount instruments acquired by such holder in that taxable year or
thereafter, the interest deferral rule described above will not apply.
Premium
A REMIC Regular Certificate purchased at a cost (excluding any
portion of such cost attributable to accrued qualified stated interest) greater
than its remaining stated redemption price will be considered to be
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purchased at a premium. The holder of such a REMIC Regular Certificate may elect
under Section 171 of the Code to amortize such premium under the constant yield
method over the life of the Certificate. If made, such an election will apply to
all debt instruments having amortizable bond premium that the holder owns or
subsequently acquires. Amortizable premium will be treated as an offset to
interest income on the related debt instrument, rather than as a separate
interest deduction. The OID Regulations also permit Certificateholders to elect
to include all interest, discount and premium in income based on a constant
yield method, further treating the Certificateholder as having made the election
to amortize premium generally. See "--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular
Certificates--Market Discount" above. The Committee Report states that the same
rules that apply to accrual of market discount (which rules will require use of
a Prepayment Assumption in accruing market discount with respect to REMIC
Regular Certificates without regard to whether such Certificates have original
issue discount) will also apply in amortizing bond premium under Section 171 of
the Code.
Realized Losses
Under Section 166 of the Code, both corporate holders of the REMIC
Regular Certificates and noncorporate holders of the REMIC Regular Certificates
that acquire such Certificates in connection with a trade or business should be
allowed to deduct, as ordinary losses, any losses sustained during a taxable
year in which their Certificates become wholly or partially worthless as the
result of one or more realized losses on the Mortgage Loans. However, it appears
that a noncorporate holder that does not acquire a REMIC Regular Certificate in
connection with a trade or business will not be entitled to deduct a loss under
Section 166 of the Code until such holder's Certificate becomes wholly worthless
(i.e., until its outstanding principal balance has been reduced to zero) and
that the loss will be characterized as a short-term capital loss.
Each holder of a REMIC Regular Certificate will be required to accrue
interest and original issue discount with respect to such Certificate, without
giving effect to any reductions in distributions attributable to defaults or
delinquencies on the Mortgage Loans or the underlying Certificates until it can
be established that any such reduction ultimately will not be recoverable. As a
result, the amount of taxable income reported in any period by the holder of a
REMIC Regular Certificate could exceed the amount of economic income actually
realized by the holder in such period. Although the holder of a REMIC Regular
Certificate eventually will recognize a loss or reduction in income attributable
to previously accrued and included income that as the result of a realized loss
ultimately will not be realized, the law is unclear with respect to the timing
and character of such loss or reduction in income.
TAXATION OF OWNERS OF REMIC RESIDUAL CERTIFICATES
GENERAL
As residual interests, the REMIC Residual Certificates will be
subject to tax rules that differ significantly from those that would apply if
the REMIC Residual Certificates were treated for federal income tax purposes as
direct ownership interests in the Mortgage Loans or as debt instruments issued
by the REMIC.
A holder of a REMIC Residual Certificate generally will be required
to report its daily portion of the taxable income or, subject to the limitations
noted in this discussion, the net loss of the REMIC for each day during a
calendar quarter that such holder owned such REMIC Residual Certificate. For
this purpose, the taxable income or net loss of the REMIC will be allocated to
each day in the calendar quarter ratably using a "30 days per month/90 days per
quarter/360 days per year" convention unless otherwise disclosed in the related
Prospectus Supplement. The daily amounts so allocated will then be allocated
among the REMIC Residual Certificateholders in proportion to their respective
ownership interests on such day. Any amount included in the gross income of or
allowed as a loss to any REMIC Residual Certificateholder by virtue of this
paragraph will be treated as ordinary income or loss. The taxable income of the
REMIC will be determined under the rules described below in "--Taxable Income of
the REMIC" and will be taxable to the REMIC Residual Certificateholders without
regard to the timing or amount of cash distributions by the REMIC. Ordinary
income derived from REMIC Residual Certificates will be "portfolio income" for
purposes of the taxation of taxpayers subject to limitations under Section 469
of the Code on the deductibility of "passive losses."
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A holder of a REMIC Residual Certificate that purchased such
Certificate from a prior holder of such Certificate also will be required to
report on its federal income tax return amounts representing its daily share of
the taxable income (or net loss) of the REMIC for each day that it holds such
REMIC Residual Certificate. Those daily amounts generally will equal the amounts
of taxable income or net loss determined as described above. The Committee
Report indicates that certain modifications of the general rules may be made, by
regulations, legislation or otherwise to reduce (or increase) the income of a
REMIC Residual Certificateholder that purchased such REMIC Residual Certificate
from a prior holder of such Certificate at a price greater than (or less than)
the adjusted basis (as defined below) such REMIC Residual Certificate would have
had in the hands of an original holder of such Certificate. The REMIC
Regulations, however, do not provide for any such modifications.
Any payments received by a holder of a REMIC Residual Certificate in
connection with the acquisition of such REMIC Residual Certificate will be taken
into account in determining the income of such holder for federal income tax
purposes. Although it appears likely that any such payment would be includible
in income immediately upon its receipt, the IRS might assert that such payment
should be included in income over time according to an amortization schedule or
according to some other method. Because of the uncertainty concerning the
treatment of such payments, holders of REMIC Residual Certificates should
consult their tax advisors concerning the treatment of such payments for income
tax purposes.
The amount of income REMIC Residual Certificateholders will be
required to report (or the tax liability associated with such income) may exceed
the amount of cash distributions received from the REMIC for the corresponding
period. Consequently, REMIC Residual Certificateholders should have other
sources of funds sufficient to pay any federal income taxes due as a result of
their ownership of REMIC Residual Certificates or unrelated deductions against
which income may be offset, subject to the rules relating to "excess
inclusions," residual interests without "significant value" and "noneconomic"
residual interests discussed below. The fact that the tax liability associated
with the income allocated to REMIC Residual Certificateholders may exceed the
cash distributions received by such REMIC Residual Certificateholders for the
corresponding period may significantly adversely affect such REMIC Residual
Certificateholders' after-tax rate of return and may cause such after-tax rate
of return to be negative.
TAXABLE INCOME OF THE REMIC
The taxable income of the REMIC will equal the income from the
Mortgage Loans and other assets of the REMIC plus any cancellation of
indebtedness income due to the allocation of realized losses to REMIC Regular
Certificates, less the deductions allowed to the REMIC for interest (including
original issue discount and reduced by any premium on issuance) on the REMIC
Regular Certificates (and any other class of REMIC Certificates constituting
"regular interests" in the REMIC not offered hereby), amortization of any
premium on the Mortgage Loans, bad debt losses with respect to the Mortgage
Loans and, except as described below, servicing, administrative and other
expenses.
For purposes of determining its taxable income, the REMIC will have
an initial aggregate basis in its assets equal to the sum of the issue prices of
all REMIC Certificates (or, if a class of REMIC Certificates is not sold
initially, their fair market values). Such aggregate basis will be allocated
among the Mortgage Loans and the other assets of the REMIC in proportion to
their respective fair market values. The issue price of any REMIC Certificates
offered hereby will be determined in the manner described above under
"--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular Certificates--Original Issue Discount."
The issue price of a REMIC Certificate received in exchange for an interest in
the Mortgage Loans or other property will equal the fair market value of such
interests in the Mortgage Loans or other property. Accordingly, if one or more
classes of REMIC Certificates are retained initially rather than sold, the
Trustee may be required to estimate the fair market value of such interests in
order to determine the basis of the REMIC in the Mortgage Loans and other
property held by the REMIC.
Subject to possible application of the de minimis rules, the method
of accrual by the REMIC of original issue discount income and market discount
income with respect to Mortgage Loans that it holds will be equivalent to the
method for accruing original issue discount income for holders of REMIC Regular
Certificates (that is, under the constant yield method taking into account the
Prepayment Assumption). However, a REMIC that acquires loans
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at a market discount must include such market discount in income currently, as
it accrues, on a constant yield basis. See "--Taxation of Owners of REMIC
Regular Certificates" above, which describes a method for accruing such discount
income that is analogous to that required to be used by a REMIC as to Mortgage
Loans with market discount that it holds.
A Mortgage Loan will be deemed to have been acquired with discount
(or premium) to the extent that the REMIC's basis therein, determined as
described above, is less than (or greater than) its stated redemption price. Any
such discount will be includible in the income of the REMIC as it accrues, in
advance of receipt of the cash attributable to such income, under a method
similar to the method described above for accruing original issue discount on
the REMIC Regular Certificates. It is anticipated that each REMIC will elect
under Section 171 of the Code to amortize any premium on the Mortgage Loans.
Premium on any Mortgage Loan to which such election applies may be amortized
under a constant yield method, presumably taking into account a Prepayment
Assumption. Further, such an election would not apply to any Mortgage Loan
originated on or before September 27, 1985. Instead, premium on such a Mortgage
Loan should be allocated among the principal payments thereon and be deductible
by the REMIC as those payments become due or upon the prepayment of such
Mortgage Loan.
A REMIC will be allowed deductions for interest (including original
issue discount) on the REMIC Regular Certificates (including any other class of
REMIC Certificates constituting "regular interests" in the REMIC not offered
hereby) equal to the deductions that would be allowed if the REMIC Regular
Certificates (including any other class of REMIC Certificates constituting
"regular interests" in the REMIC not offered hereby) were indebtedness of the
REMIC. Original issue discount will be considered to accrue for this purpose as
described above under "--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular
Certificates--Original Issue Discount," except that the de minimis rule and the
adjustments for subsequent holders of REMIC Regular Certificates (including any
other class of REMIC Certificates constituting "regular interests" in the REMIC
not offered hereby) described therein will not apply.
If a class of REMIC Regular Certificates is issued at a price in
excess of the stated redemption price of such class (such excess "Issue
Premium"), the net amount of interest deductions that are allowed the REMIC in
each taxable year with respect to the REMIC Regular Certificates of such class
will be reduced by an amount equal to the portion of the Issue Premium that is
considered to be amortized or repaid in that year. Although the matter is not
entirely certain, it is likely that Issue Premium would be amortized under a
constant yield method in a manner analogous to the method of accruing original
issue discount described above under "--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular
Certificates--Original Issue Discount."
As a general rule, the taxable income of the REMIC will be determined
in the same manner as if the REMIC were an individual having the calendar year
as its taxable year and using the accrual method of accounting. However, no item
of income, gain, loss or deduction allocable to a prohibited transaction will be
taken into account. See "--Prohibited Transactions and Other Possible REMIC
Taxes" below. Further, the limitation on miscellaneous itemized deductions
imposed on individuals by Section 67 of the Code (which allows such deductions
only to the extent they exceed in the aggregate two percent of the taxpayer's
adjusted gross income) will not be applied at the REMIC level so that the REMIC
will be allowed deductions for servicing, administrative and other non-interest
expenses in determining its taxable income. All such expenses will be allocated
as a separate item to the holders of REMIC Certificates, subject to the
limitation of Section 67 of the Code. See "--Possible Pass-Through of
Miscellaneous Itemized Deductions" below. If the deductions allowed to the REMIC
exceed its gross income for a calendar quarter, such excess will be the net loss
for the REMIC for that calendar quarter.
BASIS RULES, NET LOSSES AND DISTRIBUTIONS
The adjusted basis of a REMIC Residual Certificate will be equal to
the amount paid for such REMIC Residual Certificate, increased by amounts
included in the income of the REMIC Residual Certificateholder and decreased
(but not below zero) by distributions made, and by net losses allocated, to such
REMIC Residual Certificateholder.
A REMIC Residual Certificateholder is not allowed to take into
account any net loss for any calendar quarter to the extent such net loss
exceeds such REMIC Residual Certificateholder's adjusted basis in its REMIC
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Residual Certificate as of the close of such calendar quarter (determined
without regard to such net loss). Any loss that is not currently deductible by
reason of this limitation may be carried forward indefinitely to future calendar
quarters and, subject to the same limitation, may be used only to offset income
from the REMIC Residual Certificate. The ability of REMIC Residual
Certificateholders to deduct net losses may be subject to additional limitations
under the Code, as to which REMIC Residual Certificateholders should consult
their tax advisors.
Any distribution on a REMIC Residual Certificate will be treated as a
non-taxable return of capital to the extent it does not exceed the holder's
adjusted basis in such REMIC Residual Certificate. To the extent a distribution
on a REMIC Residual Certificate exceeds such adjusted basis, it will be treated
as gain from the sale of such REMIC Residual Certificate. Holders of certain
REMIC Residual Certificates may be entitled to distributions early in the term
of the related REMIC under circumstances in which their bases in such REMIC
Residual Certificates will not be sufficiently large that such distributions
will be treated as nontaxable returns of capital. Their bases in such REMIC
Residual Certificates will initially equal the amount paid for such REMIC
Residual Certificates and will be increased by their allocable shares of the
taxable income of the REMIC. However, such bases increases may not occur until
the end of the calendar quarter, or perhaps the end of the calendar year, with
respect to which such REMIC taxable income is allocated to the REMIC Residual
Certificateholders. To the extent such REMIC Residual Certificateholders'
initial bases are less than the distributions to such REMIC Residual
Certificateholders, and increases in such initial bases either occur after such
distributions or (together with their initial bases) are less than the amount of
such distributions, gain will be recognized to such REMIC Residual
Certificateholders on such distributions and will be treated as gain from the
sale of their REMIC Residual Certificates.
The effect of these rules is that a REMIC Residual Certificateholder
may not amortize its basis in a REMIC Residual Certificate, but may only recover
its basis through distributions, through the deduction of any net losses of the
REMIC or upon the sale of its REMIC Residual Certificate. See "Sales of REMIC
Certificates" below. For a discussion of possible modifications of these rules
that may require adjustments to income of a holder of a REMIC Residual
Certificate other than an original holder in order to reflect any difference
between the cost of such REMIC Residual Certificate to such REMIC Residual
Certificateholder and the adjusted basis such REMIC Residual Certificate would
have had in the hands of an original holder, see "--Taxation of Owners of REMIC
Residual Certificates--General" above.
EXCESS INCLUSIONS
Any "excess inclusions" with respect to a REMIC Residual Certificate
will be subject to federal income tax in all events.
In general, the "excess inclusions" with respect to a REMIC Residual
Certificate for any calendar quarter will be the excess, if any, of (i) the sum
of the daily portions of REMIC taxable income allocable to such REMIC Residual
Certificate over (ii) the sum of the "daily accruals" (as defined below) for
each day during such quarter that such REMIC Residual Certificate was held by
such REMIC Residual Certificateholder. The daily accruals of a REMIC Residual
Certificateholder will be determined by allocating to each day during a calendar
quarter its ratable portion of the product of the "adjusted issue price" of the
REMIC Residual Certificate at the beginning of the calendar quarter and 120% of
the "long term Federal rate" in effect on the Closing Date. For this purpose,
the adjusted issue price of a REMIC Residual Certificate as of the beginning of
any calendar quarter will be equal to the issue price of the REMIC Residual
Certificate, increased by the sum of the daily accruals for all prior quarters
and decreased (but not below zero) by any distributions made with respect to
such REMIC Residual Certificate before the beginning of such quarter. The issue
price of a REMIC Residual Certificate is the initial offering price to the
public (excluding bond houses and brokers) at which a substantial amount of the
REMIC Residual Certificates were sold. The "long-term Federal rate" is an
average of current yields on Treasury securities with a remaining term of
greater than nine years, computed and published monthly by the IRS. Although it
has not done so, the Treasury has authority to issue regulations that would
treat the entire amount of income accruing on a REMIC Residual Certificate as an
excess inclusion if the REMIC Residual Certificates are considered not to have
"significant value."
For REMIC Residual Certificateholders, excess inclusions (i) will not
be permitted to be offset by deductions, losses or loss carryovers from other
activities, (ii) will be treated as "unrelated business taxable income"
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to an otherwise tax-exempt organization and (iii) will not be eligible for any
rate reduction or exemption under any applicable tax treaty with respect to the
30% United States withholding tax imposed on distributions to REMIC Residual
Certificateholders that are foreign investors. See, however, "--Foreign
Investors in REMIC Certificates" below. Furthermore, for purposes of the
alternative minimum tax, (i) excess inclusions will not be permitted to be
offset by the alternative tax net operating loss deduction and (ii) alternative
minimum taxable income may not be less than the taxpayer's excess inclusions.
The latter rule has the effect of preventing nonrefundable tax credits from
reducing the taxpayer's income tax to an amount lower than the alternative
minimum tax on excess inclusions.
In the case of any REMIC Residual Certificates held by a real estate
investment trust, the aggregate excess inclusions with respect to such REMIC
Residual Certificates, reduced (but not below zero) by the real estate
investment trust taxable income (within the meaning of Section 857(b)(2) of the
Code, excluding any net capital gain), will be allocated among the shareholders
of such trust in proportion to the dividends received by such shareholders from
such trust, and any amount so allocated will be treated as an excess inclusion
with respect to a REMIC Residual Certificate as if held directly by such
shareholder. Treasury regulations yet to be issued could apply a similar rule to
regulated investment companies, common trust funds and certain cooperatives; the
REMIC Regulations currently do not address this subject.
NONECONOMIC REMIC RESIDUAL CERTIFICATES
Under the REMIC Regulations, transfers of "noneconomic" REMIC
Residual Certificates will be disregarded for all federal income tax purposes if
"a significant purpose of the transfer was to enable the transferor to impede
the assessment or collection of tax". If such transfer is disregarded, the
purported transferor will continue to remain liable for any taxes due with
respect to the income on such "noneconomic" REMIC Residual Certificate. The
REMIC Regulations provide that a REMIC Residual Certificate is noneconomic
unless, based on the Prepayment Assumption and on any required or permitted
clean up calls, or required qualified liquidation provided for in the REMIC's
organizational documents, (1) the present value of the expected future
distributions (discounted using the "applicable Federal rate" for obligations
whose term ends on the close of the last quarter in which excess inclusions are
expected to accrue with respect to the REMIC Residual Certificate, which rate is
computed and published monthly by the IRS) on the REMIC Residual Certificate
equals at least the present value of the expected tax on the anticipated excess
inclusions, and (2) the transferor reasonably expects that the transferee will
receive distributions with respect to the REMIC Residual Certificate at or after
the time the taxes accrue on the anticipated excess inclusions in an amount
sufficient to satisfy the accrued taxes. Accordingly, all transfers of REMIC
Residual Certificates that may constitute "noneconomic" residual interests will
be subject to certain restrictions under the terms of the related Pooling and
Servicing Agreement that are intended to reduce the possibility of any such
transfer being disregarded. Such restrictions will require each party to a
transfer to provide an affidavit that no purpose of such transfer is to impede
the assessment or collection of tax, including certain representations as to the
financial condition of the prospective transferee, as to which the transferor is
also required to make a reasonable investigation to determine such transferee's
historic payment of its debts and ability to continue to pay its debts as they
come due in the future. Prior to purchasing a REMIC Residual Certificate,
prospective purchasers should consider the possibility that a purported transfer
of such REMIC Residual Certificate by such a purchaser to another purchaser at
some future date may be disregarded in accordance with the above-described rules
which would result in the retention of tax liability by such purchaser.
The related Prospectus Supplement will disclose whether offered REMIC
Residual Certificates may be considered "noneconomic" residual interests under
the REMIC Regulations; provided, however, that any disclosure that a REMIC
Residual Certificate will not be considered "noneconomic" will be based upon
certain assumptions, and the Depositor will make no representation that a REMIC
Residual Certificate will not be considered "noneconomic" for purposes of the
above-described rules. See "--Foreign Investors in REMIC Certificates--REMIC
Residual Certificates" below for additional restrictions applicable to transfers
of certain REMIC Residual Certificates to foreign persons.
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MARK-TO-MARKET RULES
On December 24, 1996, the IRS released final regulations (the
"Mark-to-Market Regulations") relating to the requirement that a securities
dealer mark to market securities held for sale to customers. This mark-to-market
requirement applies to all securities owned by a dealer, except to the extent
that the dealer has specifically identified a security as held for investment.
The Mark-to-Market Regulations provide that for purposes of this mark-to-market
requirement, a REMIC Residual Certificate issued after January 4, 1995 is not
treated as a security and thus may not be marked to market. Prospective
purchasers of a REMIC Residual Certificate should consult their tax advisors
regarding the possible application of the mark-to-market requirement to REMIC
Residual Certificates.
POSSIBLE PASS-THROUGH OF MISCELLANEOUS ITEMIZED DEDUCTIONS
Fees and expenses of a REMIC generally will be allocated to the
holders of the related REMIC Residual Certificates. The applicable Treasury
regulations indicate, however, that in the case of a REMIC that is similar to a
single class grantor trust, all or a portion of such fees and expenses should be
allocated to the holders of the related REMIC Regular Certificates. Unless
otherwise stated in the related Prospectus Supplement, such fees and expenses
will be allocated to holders of the related REMIC Residual Certificates in their
entirety and not to the holders of the related REMIC Regular Certificates.
With respect to REMIC Residual Certificates or REMIC Regular
Certificates the holders of which receive an allocation of fees and expenses in
accordance with the preceding discussion, if any holder thereof is an
individual, estate or trust, or a "pass-through entity" beneficially owned by
one or more individuals, estates or trusts, (i) an amount equal to such
individual's, estate's or trust's share of such fees and expenses will be added
to the gross income of such holder and (ii) such individual's, estate's or
trust's share of such fees and expenses will be treated as a miscellaneous
itemized deduction allowable subject to the limitation of Section 67 of the
Code, which permits such deductions only to the extent they exceed in the
aggregate two percent of a taxpayer's adjusted gross income. In addition,
Section 68 of the Code provides that the amount of itemized deductions otherwise
allowable for an individual whose adjusted gross income exceeds a specified
amount will be reduced by the lesser of (i) 3% of the excess of the individual's
adjusted gross income over such amount or (ii) 80% of the amount of itemized
deductions otherwise allowable for the taxable year. The amount of additional
taxable income reportable by REMIC Certificateholders that are subject to the
limitations of either Section 67 or Section 68 of the Code may be substantial.
Furthermore, in determining the alternative minimum taxable income of such a
holder of a REMIC Certificate that is an individual, estate or trust, or a
"pass-through entity" beneficially owned by one or more individuals, estates or
trusts, no deduction will be allowed for such holder's allocable portion of
Servicing Fees and other miscellaneous itemized deductions of the REMIC, even
though an amount equal to the amount of such fees and other deductions will be
included in such holder's gross income. Accordingly, such REMIC Certificates may
not be appropriate investments for individuals, estates, or trusts, or
pass-through entities beneficially owned by one or more individuals, estates or
trusts. Such prospective investors should carefully consult with their own tax
advisors prior to making an investment in such Certificates.
SALES OF REMIC CERTIFICATES
If a REMIC Certificate is sold, the selling Certificateholder will
recognize gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized on
the sale and its adjusted basis in the REMIC Certificate. The adjusted basis of
a REMIC Regular Certificate generally will equal the cost of such REMIC Regular
Certificate to such Certificateholder, increased by income reported by such
Certificateholder with respect to such REMIC Regular Certificate (including
original issue discount and market discount income) and reduced (but not below
zero) by distributions on such REMIC Regular Certificate received by such
Certificateholder and by any amortized premium. The adjusted basis of a REMIC
Residual Certificate will be determined as described under "--Taxation of Owners
of REMIC Residual Certificates--Basis Rules, Net Losses and Distributions."
Except as provided in the following two paragraphs, any such gain or loss will
be capital gain or loss, provided such REMIC Certificate is held as a capital
asset (generally, property held for investment) within the meaning of Section
1221 of the Code. The Code as of the date of this Prospectus provides for a top
marginal tax rate of 39.6% for individuals and a maximum marginal rate for
long-term capital gains of individuals of 28%. No such rate differential exists
for corporations.
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In addition, the distinction between a capital gain or loss and ordinary income
or loss remains relevant for other purposes.
Gain from the sale of a REMIC Regular Certificate that might
otherwise be capital gain will be treated as ordinary income to the extent such
gain does not exceed the excess, if any, of (i) the amount that would have been
includible in the seller's income with respect to such REMIC Regular Certificate
assuming that income had accrued thereon at a rate equal to 110% of the
"applicable Federal rate" (generally, a rate based on an average of current
yields on Treasury securities having a maturity comparable to that of the
Certificate based on the application of the Prepayment Assumption to such
Certificate, which rate is computed and published monthly by the IRS),
determined as of the date of purchase of such REMIC Regular Certificate, over
(ii) the amount of ordinary income actually includible in the seller's income
prior to such sale. In addition, gain recognized on the sale of a REMIC Regular
Certificate by a seller who purchased such REMIC Regular Certificate at a market
discount will be taxable as ordinary income in an amount not exceeding the
portion of such discount that accrued during the period such REMIC Certificate
was held by such holder, reduced by any market discount included in income under
the rules described above under "--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular
Certificates--Market Discount" and "--Premium."
REMIC Certificates will be "evidences of indebtedness" within the
meaning of Section 582(c)(1) of the Code, so that gain or loss recognized from
the sale of a REMIC Certificate by a bank or thrift institution to which such
section applies will be ordinary income or loss.
A portion of any gain from the sale of a REMIC Regular Certificate
that might otherwise be capital gain may be treated as ordinary income to the
extent that such Certificate is held as part of a "conversion transaction"
within the meaning of Section 1258 of the Code. A conversion transaction
generally is one in which the taxpayer has taken two or more positions in the
same or similar property that reduce or eliminate market risk, if substantially
all of the taxpayer's return is attributable to the time value of the taxpayer's
net investment in such transaction. The amount of gain so realized in a
conversion transaction that is recharacterized as ordinary income generally will
not exceed the amount of interest that would have accrued on the taxpayer's net
investment at 120% of the appropriate "applicable Federal rate" (which rate is
computed and published monthly by the IRS) at the time the taxpayer enters into
the conversion transaction, subject to appropriate reduction for prior inclusion
of interest and other ordinary income items from the transaction.
Finally, a taxpayer may elect to have net capital gain taxed at
ordinary income rates rather than capital gains rates in order to include such
net capital gain in total net investment income for the taxable year, for
purposes of the rule that limits the deduction of interest on indebtedness
incurred to purchase or carry property held for investment to a taxpayer's net
investment income.
Except as may be provided in Treasury regulations yet to be issued,
if the seller of a REMIC Residual Certificate reacquires a REMIC Residual
Certificate, or acquires any other residual interest in a REMIC or any similar
interest in a "taxable mortgage pool" (as defined in Section 7701(i) of the
Code) during the period beginning six months before, and ending six months
after, the date of such sale, such sale will be subject to the "wash sale" rules
of Section 1091 of the Code. In that event, any loss realized by the REMIC
Residual Certificateholder on the sale will not be deductible, but instead will
be added to such REMIC Residual Certificateholder's adjusted basis in the
newly-acquired asset.
PROHIBITED TRANSACTIONS AND OTHER POSSIBLE REMIC TAXES
The Code imposes a tax on REMICs equal to 100% of the net income
derived from "prohibited transactions" (a "Prohibited Transactions Tax"). In
general, subject to certain specified exceptions, a prohibited transaction means
the disposition of a Mortgage Loan, the receipt of income from a source other
than a Mortgage Loan or certain other permitted investments, the receipt of
compensation for services, or gain from the disposition of an asset purchased
with the payments on the Mortgage Loans for temporary investment pending
distribution on the REMIC Certificates. It is not anticipated that the REMIC
will engage in any prohibited transactions in which it would recognize a
material amount of net income.
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In addition, certain contributions to a REMIC made after the day on
which the REMIC issues all of its interests could result in the imposition of a
tax on the REMIC equal to 100% of the value of the contributed property (a
"Contributions Tax"). Each Pooling and Servicing Agreement will include
provisions designed to prevent the acceptance of any contributions that would be
subject to such tax.
REMICs also are subject to federal income tax at the highest
corporate rate on "net income from foreclosure property", determined by
reference to the rules applicable to real estate investment trusts. "Net income
from foreclosure property" generally means gain from the sale of a foreclosure
property that is inventory property and gross income from foreclosure property
other than qualifying rents and other qualifying income for a real estate
investment trust. Unless otherwise disclosed in the related Prospectus
Supplement, it is not anticipated that any REMIC will recognize "net income from
foreclosure property" subject to federal income tax.
Unless otherwise disclosed in the related Prospectus Supplement, it
is not anticipated that any material state or local income or franchise tax will
be imposed on any REMIC.
Unless otherwise stated in the related Prospectus Supplement, and to
the extent permitted by then applicable laws, any Prohibited Transactions Tax,
Contributions Tax, tax on net income from foreclosure property or state or local
income or franchise tax that may be imposed on the REMIC will be borne by the
related Servicer or the Trustee in either case out of its own funds, provided
that the Servicer or the Trustee, as the case may be, has sufficient assets to
do so, and provided further that such tax arises out of a breach of the
Servicer's or the Trustee's obligations, as the case may be, under the related
Pooling and Servicing Agreement and in respect of compliance with applicable
laws and regulations. Any such tax not borne by the Servicer or the Trustee will
be charged against the related Trust Fund resulting in a reduction in amounts
payable to holders of the related REMIC Certificates.
TAX AND RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFERS OF REMIC RESIDUAL CERTIFICATES TO CERTAIN
ORGANIZATIONS
If a REMIC Residual Certificate is transferred to a "disqualified
organization" (as defined below), a tax would be imposed in an amount
(determined under the REMIC Regulations) equal to the product of (i) the present
value (discounted using the "applicable Federal rate" for obligations whose term
ends on the close of the last quarter in which excess inclusions are expected to
accrue with respect to the REMIC Residual Certificate, which rate is computed
and published monthly by the IRS) of the total anticipated excess inclusions
with respect to such REMIC Residual Certificate for periods after the transfer
and (ii) the highest marginal federal income tax rate applicable to
corporations. The anticipated excess inclusions must be determined as of the
date that the REMIC Residual Certificate is transferred and must be based on
events that have occurred up to the time of such transfer, the Prepayment
Assumption and any required or permitted clean up calls or required qualified
liquidation provided for in the REMIC's organizational documents. Such a tax
would be generally imposed on the transferor of the REMIC Residual Certificate,
except that where such transfer is through an agent for a disqualified
organization, the tax would instead be imposed on such agent. However, a
transferor of a REMIC Residual Certificate would in no event be liable for such
tax with respect to a transfer if the transferee furnishes to the transferor an
affidavit that the transferee is not a disqualified organization and, as of the
time of the transfer, the transferor does not have actual knowledge that such
affidavit is false. Moreover, an entity will not qualify as a REMIC unless there
are reasonable arrangements designed to ensure that (i) residual interests in
such entity are not held by disqualified organizations and (ii) information
necessary for the application of the tax described herein will be made
available. Restrictions on the transfer of REMIC Residual Certificates and
certain other provisions that are intended to meet this requirement will be
included in the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and will be discussed
more fully in any Prospectus Supplement relating to the offering of any REMIC
Residual Certificate.
In addition, if a "pass-through entity" (as defined below) includes
in income excess inclusions with respect to a REMIC Residual Certificate, and a
disqualified organization is the record holder of an interest in such entity,
then a tax will be imposed on such entity equal to the product of (i) the amount
of excess inclusions on the REMIC Residual Certificate that are allocable to the
interest in the pass-through entity held by such disqualified organization and
(ii) the highest marginal federal income tax rate imposed on corporations. A
pass-through entity will not be subject to this tax for any period, however, if
each record holder of an interest in such pass-through entity furnishes to such
pass-through entity (i) such holder's social security number and a statement
under penalty of perjury that
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such social security number is that of the record holder or (ii) a statement
under penalty of perjury that such record holder is not a disqualified
organization.
For these purposes, a "disqualified organization" means (i) the
United States, any State or political subdivision thereof, any foreign
government, any international organization, or any agency or instrumentality of
the foregoing (not including instrumentalities described in Section 168(h)(2)(D)
of the Code or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation), (ii) any
organization (other than a cooperative described in Section 521 of the Code)
that is exempt from federal income tax, unless it is subject to the tax imposed
by Section 511 of the Code or (iii) any organization described in Section
1381(a)(2)(C) of the Code. For these purposes, a "pass-through entity" means any
regulated investment company, real estate investment trust, trust, partnership
or certain other entities described in Section 860E(e)(6) of the Code. In
addition, a person holding an interest in a pass-through entity as a nominee for
another person will, with respect to such interest, be treated as a pass-through
entity.
TERMINATION
A REMIC will terminate immediately after the Distribution Date
following receipt by the REMIC of the final payment in respect of the Mortgage
Loans or upon a sale of the REMIC's assets following the adoption by the REMIC
of a plan of complete liquidation. The last distribution on a REMIC Regular
Certificate will be treated as a payment in retirement of a debt instrument. In
the case of a REMIC Residual Certificate, if the last distribution on such REMIC
Residual Certificate is less than the REMIC Residual Certificateholder's
adjusted basis in such REMIC Residual Certificate, such REMIC Residual
Certificateholder should (but may not) be treated as realizing a loss equal to
the amount of such difference, and such loss may be treated as a capital loss.
REPORTING AND OTHER ADMINISTRATIVE MATTERS
Solely for purposes of the administrative provisions of the Code, the
REMIC will be treated as a partnership and REMIC Residual Certificateholders
will be treated as partners. Unless otherwise stated in the related Prospectus
Supplement, the Servicer, which generally will hold at least a nominal amount of
REMIC Residual Certificates, will file REMIC federal income tax returns on
behalf of the related REMIC, will be designated as and will act as the "tax
matters person" with respect to the REMIC in all respects.
As the tax matters person, the Servicer will, subject to certain
notice requirements and various restrictions and limitations, generally have the
authority to act on behalf of the REMIC and the REMIC Residual
Certificateholders in connection with the administrative and judicial review of
items of income, deduction, gain or loss of the REMIC, as well as the REMIC's
classification. REMIC Residual Certificateholders will generally be required to
report such REMIC items consistently with their treatment on the related REMIC's
tax return and may in some circumstances be bound by a settlement agreement
between the Trustee, as tax matters person, and the IRS concerning any such
REMIC item. Adjustments made to the REMIC tax return may require a REMIC
Residual Certificateholder to make corresponding adjustments on its return, and
an audit of the REMIC's tax return, or the adjustments resulting from such an
audit, could result in an audit of a REMIC Residual Certificateholder's return.
No REMIC will be registered as a tax shelter pursuant to Section 6111 of the
Code because it is not anticipated that any REMIC will have a net loss for any
of the first five taxable years of its existence. Any person that holds a REMIC
Residual Certificate as a nominee for another person may be required to furnish
to the related REMIC, in a manner to be provided in Treasury regulations, the
name and address of such person and other information.
Reporting of interest income, including any original issue discount,
with respect to REMIC Regular Certificates is required annually, and may be
required more frequently under Treasury regulations. These information reports
generally are required to be sent to individual holders of REMIC Regular
Interests and the IRS; holders of REMIC Regular Certificates that are
corporations, trusts, securities dealers and certain other non-individuals will
be provided interest and original issue discount income information and the
information set forth in the following paragraph upon request in accordance with
the requirements of the applicable regulations. The information must be provided
by the later of 30 days after the end of the quarter for which the information
was requested, or two weeks after the receipt of the request. The REMIC must
also comply with rules requiring a REMIC Regular Certificate issued with
original issue discount to disclose on its face the amount of original issue
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discount and the issue date, and requiring such information to be reported to
the IRS. Reporting with respect to the REMIC Residual Certificates, including
income, excess inclusions, investment expenses and relevant information
regarding qualification of the REMIC's assets will be made as required under the
Treasury regulations, generally on a quarterly basis.
As applicable, the REMIC Regular Certificate information reports will
include a statement of the adjusted issue price of the REMIC Regular Certificate
at the beginning of each accrual period. In addition, the reports will include
information required by regulations with respect to computing the accrual of any
market discount. Because exact computation of the accrual of market discount on
a constant yield method would require information relating to the holder's
purchase price that the Servicer will not have, such regulations only require
that information pertaining to the appropriate proportionate method of accruing
market discount be provided. See "--Taxation of Owners of REMIC Regular
Certificates--Market Discount."
The responsibility for complying with the foregoing reporting rules
will be borne by the Trustee, unless otherwise stated in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
BACKUP WITHHOLDING WITH RESPECT TO REMIC CERTIFICATES
Payments of interest and principal, as well as payments of proceeds
from the sale of REMIC Certificates, may be subject to the "backup withholding
tax" under Section 3406 of the Code at a rate of 31% if recipients of such
payments fail to furnish to the payor certain information, including their
taxpayer identification numbers, or otherwise fail to establish an exemption
from such tax. Any amounts deducted and withheld from a distribution to a
recipient would be allowed as a credit against such recipient's federal income
tax. Furthermore, certain penalties may be imposed by the IRS on a recipient of
payments that is required to supply information but that does not do so in the
proper manner.
FOREIGN INVESTORS IN REMIC CERTIFICATES
A REMIC Regular Certificateholder that is not a "United States
person" (as defined below) and is not subject to federal income tax as a result
of any direct or indirect connection to the United States in addition to its
ownership of a REMIC Regular Certificate will not, unless otherwise disclosed in
the related Prospectus Supplement, be subject to United States federal income or
withholding tax in respect of a distribution on a REMIC Regular Certificate,
provided that the holder complies to the extent necessary with certain
identification requirements (including delivery of a statement, signed by the
Certificateholder under penalties of perjury, certifying that such
Certificateholder is not a United States person and providing the name and
address of such Certificateholder). For these purposes, "United States person"
means a citizen or resident of the United States, a corporation, partnership or
other entity created or organized in, or under the laws of, the United States or
any political subdivision thereof, or an estate whose income is subject to
United States federal income tax regardless of its source, or a trust if a court
within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the
administration of the trust and one or more United States fiduciaries have the
authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust. It is possible that
the IRS may assert that the foregoing tax exemption should not apply with
respect to a REMIC Regular Certificate held by a REMIC Residual
Certificateholder that owns directly or indirectly a 10% or greater interest in
the related REMIC Residual Certificates. If the holder does not qualify for
exemption, distributions of interest, including distributions in respect of
accrued original issue discount, to such holder may be subject to a tax rate of
30%, subject to reduction under any applicable tax treaty.
In addition, the foregoing rules will not apply to exempt a United
States shareholder of a controlled foreign corporation from taxation on such
United States shareholder's allocable portion of the interest income received by
such controlled foreign corporation.
Further, it appears that a REMIC Regular Certificate would not be
included in the estate of a non-resident alien individual and would not be
subject to United States estate taxes. However, Certificateholders who are
non-resident alien individuals should consult their tax advisors concerning this
question.
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Unless otherwise stated in the related Prospectus Supplement,
transfers of REMIC Residual Certificates to investors that are not United States
Persons will be prohibited under the related Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
STATE AND OTHER TAX CONSEQUENCES
In addition to the federal income tax consequences described in
"Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences". Prospective investors should consider
the state and local tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership, and
disposition of the Certificates offered hereunder. State tax law may differ
substantially from the corresponding federal tax law, and the discussion above
does not purport to describe any aspect of the tax laws of any state or other
jurisdiction. Therefore, prospective investors should consult their own tax
advisors with respect to the various tax consequences of investments in the
Certificates offered hereunder.
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
GENERAL
The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended
("ERISA"), and the Code impose certain requirements on employee benefit plans
and on certain other retirement plans and arrangements, including individual
retirement accounts and annuities, Keogh plans and collective investment funds
and separate accounts in which such plans, accounts or arrangements are invested
that are subject to the fiduciary responsibility provisions of ERISA and Section
4975 of the Code ("Plans") and on persons who are fiduciaries with respect to
such Plans in connection with the investment of Plan assets. Certain employee
benefit plans, such as governmental plans (as defined in Section 3(32) of
ERISA), and, if no election has been made under Section 410(d) of the Code,
church plans (as defined in Section 3(33) of ERISA) are not subject to ERISA
requirements. Accordingly, assets of such plans may be invested in Offered
Certificates without regard to the ERISA considerations described below, subject
to the provisions of other applicable federal and state law. Any such plan which
is qualified and exempt from taxation under Sections 401(a) and 501(a) of the
Code, however, is subject to the prohibited transaction rules set forth in
Section 503 of the Code.
ERISA generally imposes on Plan fiduciaries certain general fiduciary
requirements, including those of investment prudence and diversification and the
requirement that a Plan's investments be made in accordance with the documents
governing the Plan. In addition, ERISA and the Code prohibit a broad range of
transactions involving assets of a Plan and persons ("Parties in Interest") who
have certain specified relationships to the Plan unless a statutory or
administrative exemption is available. Certain Parties in Interest that
participate in a prohibited transaction may be subject to an excise tax imposed
pursuant to Section 4975 of the Code, unless a statutory or administrative
exemption is available. These prohibited transactions generally are set forth in
Section 406 of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code.
PLAN ASSET REGULATIONS
A Plan's investment in Certificates may cause the Trust Assets to be
deemed Plan assets. Section 2510.3-101 of the regulations of the United States
Department of Labor ("DOL") provides that when Plan acquires an equity interest
in an entity, the Plan's assets include both such equity interest and an
undivided interest in each of the underlying assets of the entity, unless
certain exceptions not applicable to this discussion apply, or unless the equity
participation in the entity by "benefit plan investors" (i.e., Plans and certain
employee benefit plans not subject to ERISA) is not "significant", both as
defined therein. For this purpose, in general, equity participation by benefit
plan investors will be "significant" on any date if 25% or more of the value of
any class of equity interests in the entity is held by benefit plan investors.
Equity participation in a Trust Fund will be significant on any date if
immediately after the most recent acquisition of any Certificate, 25% or more of
any class of Certificates is held by benefit plan investors.
Any person who has discretionary authority or control respecting the
management or disposition of Plan assets, and any person who provides investment
advice with respect to such assets for a fee, is a fiduciary of the investing
Plan. If the Trust Assets constitute Plan assets, then any party exercising
management or discretionary
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control regarding those assets, such as the Servicer or any Sub-Servicer, may be
deemed to be a Plan "fiduciary" and thus subject to the fiduciary responsibility
provisions and prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA and the Code with
respect to the Trust Assets. In addition, if the Trust Assets constitute Plan
assets, the purchase of Certificates by a Plan, as well as the operation of the
Trust Fund, may constitute or involve a prohibited transaction under ERISA and
the Code.
PROHIBITED TRANSACTION EXEMPTIONS
The DOL has issued an administrative exemption, Prohibited
Transaction Class Exemption 83-1 ("PTCE 83-1"), which generally exempts from the
prohibited transaction provisions of Section 406(a) of ERISA, and from the
excise taxes imposed by Sections 4975(a) and (b) of the Code by reason of
Section 4975(c)(1)(A) through (D) of the Code, certain transactions involving
residential mortgage pool investment trusts relating to the purchase, sale and
holding of certificates in the initial issuance of certificates and the
servicing and operation of "mortgage pools" (as defined below). PTCE 83-1
permits, subject to certain general and specific conditions, transactions which
might otherwise be prohibited between Plans and Parties in Interest with respect
to those Plans, related to the origination, maintenance and termination of
mortgage pools (other than pools including Multifamily Loans and Contracts) and
the acquisition and holding of certain mortgage pool pass-through certificates
representing interests in such mortgage pools by Plans, whether or not the
Plan's assets would be deemed to include an ownership interest in the mortgage
loans in the mortgage pool. PTCE 83-1 does not provide an exemption for
Certificates subordinate to other certificates of the same series and is not
available for mortgage pools consisting of Multifamily Loans or Contracts.
PTCE 83-1 defines the term "mortgage pool" as "an investment pool the
corpus of which (1) is held in trust; and (2) consists solely of (a) interest
bearing obligations secured by either first or second mortgages or deeds of
trust on one- to four-family, residential property; (b) property which had
secured obligations and which has been acquired by foreclosure; and (c)
undistributed cash." The Depositor expects that each pool of Single Family Loans
(but not a Mortgage Pool consisting of Multifamily Loans or Contracts) will be a
"mortgage pool" within the meaning of PTCE 83-1.
PTCE 83-1 defines the term "mortgage pool pass-through certificate"
as a "certificate representing a beneficial undivided fractional interest in a
mortgage pool and entitling the holder of such certificate to pass-through
payment of principal and interest from the pooled mortgage loans, less any fees
retained by the pool sponsor". The Depositor has been advised that, for purposes
of applying PTCE 83-1, the term "mortgage pool pass-through certificate" would
include (i) Certificates representing interests in a Trust Fund consisting of
Mortgage Loans issued in a series consisting of only a single class of
Certificates; and (ii) Senior Certificates representing interests in a Trust
Fund consisting of Mortgage Loans issued in a series in which there is only one
class of Senior Certificates; provided that the Certificates described in
clauses (i) and (ii) evidence the beneficial ownership of a specified portion of
both future interest payments and future principal payments with respect to the
Mortgage Loans.
It is not clear whether all types of Certificates that may be offered
hereunder would be "mortgage pass-through certificates" for purposes of applying
PTCE 83-1, including, but not limited to, (a) a class of Certificates that
evidences the beneficial ownership of interest payments only or principal
payments only, disproportionate interest and principal payments, or nominal
principal or interest payments, such as the Stripped Interest Certificates and
Stripped Principal Certificates; or (b) Certificates in a series including
classes of Certificates which differ as to timing, sequential order, rate or
amount of distributions of principal or interest or both, or as to which
distributions of principal or interest or both on any class may be made upon the
occurrence of specified events, in accordance with a schedule or formula, or on
the basis of collections from designated portions of the Mortgage Pool; or (c)
Certificates evidencing an interest in a Trust Fund as to which two or more
REMIC elections have been made; or (d) a series including other types of
multiple classes. Accordingly, until further clarification by the DOL, Plans
should not acquire or hold Certificates representing interests described in this
paragraph in reliance upon the availability of PTCE 83-1 without first
consulting with their counsel regarding the application of PTCE 83-1 to the
proposed acquisition and holding of such Certificates.
PTCE 83-1 sets forth three general conditions that must be satisfied
for any transaction involving the purchase, sale and holding of "mortgage pool
pass-through certificates" and the servicing and operation of the
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"mortgage pool" to be eligible for exemption: (1) the pool trustee must not be
an affiliate of the pool sponsor; (2) a system of insurance or other protection
for the pooled mortgage loans and property securing such loans, and for
indemnifying certificateholders against reductions in pass-through payments due
to property damage or defaults in loan payments in an amount not less than the
greater of one percent of the aggregate principal balance of all covered pooled
mortgages, or the principal balance of the largest covered mortgage, must be
maintained; and (3) the amount of the payment retained by the pool sponsor
together with other funds inuring to its benefit must be limited to not more
than adequate consideration for forming the mortgage pool plus reasonable
compensation for services provided by the pool sponsor to the mortgage pool.
PTCE 83-1 also imposes additional specific conditions for certain types of
transactions involving an investing Plan and for situations in which the Parties
in Interest are fiduciaries.
The Prospectus Supplement for a series of Certificates will set forth
whether the Trustee in respect of that series is affiliated with the Depositor.
If the Credit Support for a series of Certificates constitutes a system of
insurance or other protection within the meaning of PTCE 83-1 and is maintained
in an amount not less than the greater of one percent of the aggregate principal
balance of the Single Family Loans or the principal balance of the largest
Single Family Loan, then the Depositor has been advised that the second general
condition referred to above will be satisfied. It is not expected that the
Depositor will receive total compensation for forming and providing services to
the Mortgage Pools which will be more than adequate consideration. Each Plan
fiduciary responsible for making the investment decision whether to acquire or
hold Certificates must make its own determination as to whether (i) the
Certificates constitute "mortgage pool pass-through certificates" for purposes
of applying PTCE 83-1, (ii) the second and third general conditions will be
satisfied, and (iii) the specific conditions, not discussed herein, of PTCE 83-1
have been satisfied.
It should be noted that in promulgating PTCE 83-1 and its
predecessor, the DOL did not have under its consideration certificates of the
exact nature described herein. There are other class and individual prohibited
transaction exemptions issued by the DOL that could apply to a Plan's
acquisition or holding of Certificates. There can be no assurance that any of
those exemptions will apply with respect to any particular Plan that acquires or
holds Certificates or, even if all of the conditions specified therein were
satisfied, that such exemption would apply to all transactions involving a Trust
Fund. The applicable Prospectus Supplement under "ERISA Considerations" may
contain additional information regarding the application of PTCE 83-1, or other
prohibited transaction exemptions that may be available, with respect to the
series offered thereby.
Any Plan fiduciary considering whether to purchase an Offered
Certificate on behalf of a Plan should consult with its counsel regarding the
applicability of the fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction
provisions of ERISA and the Code to such investment.
LEGAL INVESTMENT
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, the
Offered Certificates will not constitute "mortgage related securities" for
purposes of the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984 ("SMMEA").
Accordingly, investors whose investment authority is subject to legal
restrictions should consult their own legal advisors to determine whether and to
what extent the Offered Certificates constitute legal investments for them.
All depository institutions considering an investment in the
Certificates should review the Federal Financial Institutions Examination
Council's Supervisory Policy Statement on the Selection of Securities Dealers
and Unsuitable Investment Practices (to the extent adopted by their respective
regulators), setting forth, in relevant part, certain investment practices
deemed to be unsuitable for an institution's investment portfolio, as well as
guidelines for investing in certain types of mortgage related securities.
The foregoing does not take into consideration the applicability of
statutes, rules, regulations, orders, guidelines or agreements generally
governing investments made by a particular investor, including, but not limited
to, "prudent investor" provisions, percentage-of-assets limits and provisions
which may restrict or prohibit investment in securities which are not "interest
bearing" or "income paying".
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There may be other restrictions on the ability of certain investors,
including depository institutions, either to purchase Offered Certificates or to
purchase Offered Certificates representing more than a specified percentage of
the investor's assets. Investors should consult their own legal advisors in
determining whether and to what extent the Offered Certificates constitute legal
investments for such investors.
METHOD OF DISTRIBUTION
The Offered Certificates offered hereby and by the Supplements to
this Prospectus will be offered in series through one or more of the methods
described below. The Prospectus Supplement prepared for each series will
describe the method of offering being utilized for that series and will state
the net proceeds to the Depositor from such sale. The Depositor intends that
Offered Certificates will be offered through the following methods from time to
time and that offerings may be made through more than one of these methods or
that an offering of a particular series of Certificates may be made through a
combination of two or more of these methods; such methods are as follows:
1. by negotiated firm commitment or best efforts
underwriting and public re-offering by underwriters;
2. by placements by the Depositor with institutional
investors through dealers; and
3. by direct placements by the Depositor with
institutional investors.
In addition, if specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, a
series of Certificates may be offered in whole or in part in exchange for the
Mortgage Loans (and other assets, if applicable) that would comprise the
Mortgage Pool in respect of such Certificates. If underwriters (each, an
"Underwriter") are used in a sale of any Certificates (other than in connection
with an underwriting on a best efforts basis), such Certificates will be
acquired by the underwriters for their own account and may be resold from time
to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a
fixed public offering price or at varying prices to be determined at the time of
sale or at the time of commitment therefor.
The Offered Certificates may be distributed in a firm commitment
underwriting subject to the terms and conditions of an underwriting agreement.
In such event, the Prospectus Supplement may also specify that the underwriter
will not be obligated to pay for any Offered Certificates agreed to be purchased
by purchasers pursuant to purchase agreements acceptable to the Depositor. In
connection with the sale of Offered Certificates, an underwriter may receive
compensation from the Depositor or from purchasers of Offered Certificates in
the form of discounts, concessions or commissions. The Prospectus Supplement
will describe any such compensation paid by the Depositor.
Alternatively, the Prospectus Supplement may specify that Offered
Certificates will be distributed by the underwriter acting as agent or in some
cases as principal with respect to Offered Certificates that they have
previously purchased or agreed to purchase. If the underwriter acts as agent in
the sale of Offered Certificates, the underwriter will receive a selling
commission with respect to such Offered Certificates, depending on market
conditions, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate Certificate Balance or
notional amount of such Offered Certificates as of the Cut-off Date. The exact
percentage for each series of Certificates will be disclosed in the related
Prospectus Supplement. To the extent that the underwriter elects to purchase
Offered Certificates as principal, the underwriter may realize losses or profits
based upon the difference between its purchase price and the sales price. The
Prospectus Supplement with respect to any series offered other than through
underwriters will contain information regarding the nature of such offering and
any agreements to be entered into between the Depositor and purchasers of
Offered Certificates of such series.
The related underwriting agreement may require that the Depositor
indemnify the underwriter against certain civil liabilities, including
liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"),
or that it will contribute to payments the underwriter may be required to make
in respect thereof.
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The Depositor anticipates that the Offered Certificates will be sold
primarily to institutional investors. Purchasers of Offered Certificates,
including dealers, may, depending on the facts and circumstances of such
purchases, be deemed to be an "underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities
Act in connection with reoffers and sales by them of Offered Certificates.
Certificateholders should consult with their legal advisors in this regard prior
to any such reoffer or sale.
As to each series of Certificates, only those classes rated in an
investment grade rating category by a Rating Agency will be offered hereby. Any
unrated class may be initially retained by the Depositor, and may be sold by the
Depositor at any time to one or more institutional investors.
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters in connection with the Certificates, including
certain federal income tax consequences, will be passed upon for the Depositor
by Thacher Proffitt & Wood, New York, New York.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
A new Trust Fund will be formed with respect to each series of
Certificates and no Trust Fund will engage in any business activities or have
any assets or obligations prior to the issuance of the related series of
Certificates. Accordingly, no financial statements with respect to any Trust
Fund will be included in this Prospectus or in the related Prospectus
Supplement.
RATING
It is a condition to the issuance of any class of Offered
Certificates that they shall have been rated in one of the four highest rating
categories by a Rating Agency.
Ratings on mortgage pass-through certificates address the likelihood
of receipt by certificateholders of all distributions on the underlying mortgage
loans. These ratings address the structural, legal and issuer-related aspects
associated with such certificates, the nature of the underlying mortgage loans
and the credit quality of the provider of Credit Support, if any. Ratings on
mortgage pass-through certificates do not represent any assessment of the
likelihood of principal prepayments by mortgagors or of the degree by which such
prepayments might differ from those originally anticipated. As a result,
certificateholders might suffer a lower than anticipated yield, and, in
addition, holders of Stripped Interest Certificates in extreme cases might fail
to recoup their initial investments.
A security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold
securities and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the
assigning rating organization. Each security rating should be evaluated
independently of any other security rating.
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INDEX OF PRINCIPAL DEFINITIONS
Accrual Certificates .....................................................3, 24
Accrued Certificate Interest.................................................25
Affiliated Sellers ..........................................................16
Alliance ....................................................................23
Alliance Funding Division....................................................23
Amount Available ............................................................36
ARM Loans ...................................................................17
Bankruptcy Code .............................................................12
Bankruptcy Loan .............................................................12
Bankruptcy Plan .............................................................12
Book-Entry Certificates......................................................24
CEDEL Participants ..........................................................30
CERCLA ......................................................................15
Certificate Account ......................................................2, 18
Certificate Balance ..........................................................3
Certificate Owners ..........................................................30
Certificateholders ..........................................................ii
Certificates .................................................................1
Code .........................................................................4
Commission ..................................................................ii
Compensating Interest .......................................................27
Contracts ...............................................................16, 51
Convertible Mortgage Loan ...................................................17
Covered Trust ...........................................................14, 43
CPR .........................................................................21
Credit Support ............................................................i, 3
Curtailment ..................................................................5
Cut-off Date .................................................................4
Deferred Interest ...........................................................11
Definitive Certificates......................................................24
Depositor ................................................................1, 23
Determination Date ..........................................................24
DOL .........................................................................71
DTC .....................................................................ii, 29
Due Period ...................................................................5
Effective Date ..............................................................23
Eligible Account.............................................................35
ERISA ....................................................................7, 71
Euroclear Participants.......................................................31
Exchange Act ................................................................ii
FDIC ........................................................................14
FHLMC .......................................................................52
First Liens .................................................................12
FTC Rule ....................................................................54
Garn-St Germain Act .........................................................52
Indirect Participants........................................................30
Insurance Proceeds ..........................................................35
L/C Bank ....................................................................44
Lee .........................................................................23
Lee Servicing Division.......................................................23
Liquidation Proceeds ........................................................35
Manufactured Homes ..................................................16, 50, 52
Monthly Advance ..........................................................5, 26
Moody's .....................................................................34
Mortgage Loan Purchase Price.................................................33
Mortgage Loan Schedule.......................................................32
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Mortgage Loans................................................................i
Mortgage Notes...............................................................16
Mortgage Pool..............................................................i, 1
Mortgage Rate.............................................................1, 17
Mortgaged Properties.........................................................16
Mortgagor....................................................................11
Multifamily Loan.................................................16, 20, 37, 72
Multifamily Properties.......................................11, 12, 16, 45, 51
Net Liquidation Proceeds.....................................................35
Net Mortgage Rate............................................................27
Nonrecoverable Monthly Advance...............................................27
Nonrecoverable Servicing Advances............................................38
Note Margin..................................................................22
Offered Certificates..........................................................i
OTS..........................................................................23
Parties in Interest..........................................................71
Pass-Through Rate.............................................................3
Permitted Instruments........................................................35
Plan Payment.................................................................13
Plans........................................................................71
Pooling and Servicing Agreement...............................................3
Pre-Funding Account..........................................................36
Principal and Interest Account............................................2, 18
Principal Prepayment..........................................................5
Qualified Substitute Mortgage Loan...........................................33
Rating Agency.................................................................8
Record Date..................................................................24
Released Mortgaged Property Proceeds.........................................35
Relief Act...............................................................14, 54
REMIC Regular Certificates....................................................6
REMIC Residual Certificates...................................................6
Remittance Date...............................................................4
REO Property.................................................................35
S&P..........................................................................34
Sellers......................................................................16
Senior Certificates.......................................................3, 23
Servicing Fee................................................................40
Single Family and Multifamily Properties.................................50, 51
Single Family Loan...................................................16, 20, 21
Single Family Properties.............................................11, 12, 16
SMMEA........................................................................73
SPA..........................................................................21
Stripped Interest Certificates...............................................24
Stripped Principal Certificates...........................................3, 23
Sub-Servicer.................................................................38
Sub-Servicing Agreement......................................................38
Subordinate Certificates..................................................3, 23
Termination Price............................................................29
Title V......................................................................53
Trust Assets.................................................................ii
Trust Fund....................................................................i
Trustee.......................................................................1
Trustee's Mortgage File......................................................33
Unaffiliated Sellers ........................................................16
Voting Rights................................................................15
Warranting Party.............................................................33
Window Period Loans..........................................................52
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NO DEALER, SALESMAN OR OTHER PERSON HAS BEEN AUTHORIZED TO GIVE ANY
INFORMATION OR TO MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS NOT CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT AND THE PROSPECTUS AND, IF GIVEN OR MADE, SUCH INFORMATION OR
REPRESENTATIONS MUST NOT BE RELIED UPON AS HAVING BEEN AUTHORIZED BY THE
DEPOSITOR OR BY THE UNDERWRITERS. THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT AND THE PROSPECTUS $302,000,000
DOES NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL, OR A SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY, THE
SECURITIES OFFERED HEREBY BY ANYONE IN ANY JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE PERSON AFC MORTGAGE LOAN
MAKING SUCH OFFER OR SOLICITATION IS NOT QUALIFIED TO DO SO OR TO ANYONE TO WHOM ASSET BACKED CERTIFICATES
IT IS UNLAWFUL TO MAKE ANY SUCH OFFER OR SOLICITATION. NEITHER THE DELIVERY OF SERIES 1997-2
THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT AND THE PROSPECTUS NOR ANY SALE MADE HEREUNDER SHALL,
UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, CREATE AN IMPLICATION THAT INFORMATION HEREIN IS
CORRECT AS OF ANY TIME SINCE THE DATE OF THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT OR THE SUPERIOR BANK FSB,
PROSPECTUS. DEPOSITOR
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
Summary of Prospectus Supplement........................................S-4
Risk Factors...........................................................S-20 $49,800,000 CLASS 1A-1 CERTIFICATES
The Mortgage Pool......................................................S-24 VARIABLE PASS-THROUGH RATE
Certain Yield and Prepayment Considerations............................S-49
The Depositor..........................................................S-64 $14,500,000 CLASS 1A-2 CERTIFICATES
Description of the Certificates........................................S-71 6.67% PASS-THROUGH RATE
Pooling Agreement......................................................S-91
The Certificate Insurer and the Certificate $24,200,000 CLASS 1A-3 CERTIFICATES
Insurance Policy.....................................................S-95 6.76% PASS-THROUGH RATE
Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences................................S-98
ERISA Considerations..................................................S-101 $13,000,000 CLASS 1A-4 CERTIFICATES
Legal Investment......................................................S-104 7.04% PASS-THROUGH RATE
Method of Distribution................................................S-104
Experts...............................................................S-105 $32,946,000 CLASS 1A-5 CERTIFICATES
Ratings...............................................................S-105 6.97% PASS-THROUGH RATE
Legal Matters.........................................................S-106
Index of Principal Definitions........................................S-107 $167,554,000 CLASS 2A CERTIFICATES
Global Clearance, Settlement and Tax Documentation VARIABLE PASS-THROUGH RATE
Procedures............................................................I-1
PROSPECTUS
Summary of Prospectus................................................... 1 ------------------------
Risk Factors............................................................. 9 PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
Description of the Trust Funds.......................................... 16
Use of Proceeds ........................................................ 19 -------------------------
Yield Considerations.................................................... 19
The Depositor........................................................... 23 MERRILL LYNCH & CO.
The Servicer............................................................ 23 J.P. MORGAN & CO.
Description of the Certificates......................................... 23
Description of the Pooling and Servicing Agreements..................... 32 JUNE 18, 1997
Description of Credit Support........................................... 42
Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans................................. 45
Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences................................. 55
State Tax Consequences................................................. 71
ERISA Considerations.................................................... 71
Legal Investment........................................................ 73
Method of Distribution.................................................. 74
Legal Matters........................................................... 75
Financial Information................................................... 75
Rating.................................................................. 75
Index of Principal Definitions.......................................... 76
UNTIL SEPTEMBER 16, 1997, ALL DEALERS EFFECTING TRANSACTIONS IN THE CLASS
A CERTIFICATES, WHETHER OR NOT PARTICIPATING IN THIS DISTRIBUTION, MAY BE
REQUIRED TO DELIVER A PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT AND PROSPECTUS. THIS DELIVERY
REQUIREMENT IS IN ADDITION TO THE OBLIGATION OF DEALERS TO DELIVER A PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT AND PROSPECTUS WHEN ACTING AS UNDERWRITERS AND WITH RESPECT TO THEIR
UNSOLD ALLOTMENTS OR SUBSCRIPTIONS.
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