<PAGE>
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996 Commission file number 1-14142
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RENAL TREATMENT CENTERS, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
DELAWARE 23-2518331
(State of incorporation) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
1180 W. Swedesford Road
Building 2, Suite 300
Berwyn, Pennsylvania 19312
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(610) 644-4796
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(B) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934:
NAME OF EACH EXCHANGE
TITLE OF EACH CLASS ON WHICH REGISTERED
Common Stock, $.01 par value New York Stock Exchange
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(G) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934: NONE
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
Registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES X NO ___
---
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of the Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K. [X]
On March 14, 1997, the aggregate market value (based on the closing sale
price on that date) of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant
was approximately $621,470,000.
The number of shares of the Registrant's Common Stock outstanding as of
March 14, 1997 was 24,617,217.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Proxy Statement for the Registrant's 1997 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
within 120 days after December 31, 1996, are incorporated by reference into Part
III of this report.
<PAGE>
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS:
GENERAL DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS
Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. ("Renal Treatment Centers" or the "Company") was
founded in 1988 by several health care professionals. The Company provides
dialysis treatments to patients suffering from chronic kidney failure, primarily
in its freestanding outpatient dialysis treatment centers or in patients' homes.
The Company also provides acute inpatient dialysis services to hospitals. As of
December 31, 1996, the Company operated 104 dialysis centers in 22 states and
the District of Columbia and two dialysis centers in the Republic of Argentina
and provided dialysis services to approximately 7,600 patients. In addition,
the Company also provided inpatient dialysis services at 80 hospitals located in
the Company's service areas.
In 1996, the Company completed the acquisition of 26 dialysis centers and
several acute care agreements. In addition, in 1996 the Company entered into an
agreement to manage one dialysis center in Texas, which was later acquired by
the Company in January 1997. Among the acquisitions completed in 1996 were the
mergers of Intercontinental Medical Services, Inc. ("IMS"), Midwest Dialysis
Unit and its affiliates ("MDU"), and Panama City Artificial Kidney Center, Inc.
and North Florida Artificial Kidney Center, Inc. (collectively, "the Group")
into wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company. The foregoing mergers were
accounted for under the pooling-of-interests method of accounting. The
accompanying consolidated financial statements, selected consolidated financial
operating data and consolidated quarterly data include the results of IMS, MDU
and the Group as of January 1, 1996. Prior year financial statements have been
retroactively restated to reflect the merger with the Group. Prior year
financial statements have not been restated to reflect the transactions with IMS
and MDU because the impact on the Company's financial statements of these
transactions was not material.
Expenditures for acquisitions for the year ended December 31, 1996 were
approximately $40.8 million in cash, the incurrence of approximately $9.2
million in liabilities and the issuance of 2,297,009 shares of unregistered
common stock valued at approximately $51.3 million, based on the market value of
the Company's common stock at the date of closing of the respective
acquisitions. Capital expenditures for equipment, furniture and leasehold
improvements were approximately $16.3 million for the year ended December 31,
1996.
On January 30, 1996, the Board of Directors of the Company declared a dividend
on the Company's common stock of one share of common stock for each share
outstanding, thereby effecting a two-for-one stock split, payable on March 14,
1996 to stockholders of record on February 29, 1996. The accompanying
consolidated financial statements, selected consolidated financial and operating
data and consolidated quarterly data have been retroactively restated to reflect
the stock split effected by the stock dividend.
THE DIALYSIS INDUSTRY
End Stage Renal Disease
The human kidney normally removes waste products and excess water from the
blood, preventing toxin buildup, eventual poisoning of the body and water
overload. Chronic kidney failure, a state of advanced renal impairment also
known as end-stage renal disease ("ESRD"), is an irreversible condition that
requires regular dialysis treatments or kidney transplantation to sustain life.
Based upon information published by the Health Care Financing Administration
("HCFA"), the approximate number of ESRD patients in the United States requiring
dialysis treatments has increased at a 9% compound annual growth rate, from
85,000 patients in 1985 to 200,000 patients in 1995. The Company believes that
the growth in the number of ESRD patients reflects the aging of the general
population, advancement of dialysis technology and improvement of treatment and
survival of patients with hypertension, diabetes and other illnesses that lead
to ESRD. Furthermore, improved dialysis technology has enabled older patients
and those who could previously not tolerate dialysis due to other illnesses to
benefit from this life-sustaining treatment. Since 1972, patients with ESRD
have generally been entitled to Medicare benefits for dialysis and ancillary
services regardless of age or financial circumstances.
At the end of 1995, there were approximately 2,750 dialysis centers in operation
in the United States. The dialysis business is highly fragmented and the
Company estimates that approximately 25% of the centers in operation are owned
by independent physicians, approximately 27% are hospital-based centers and
approximately 48% are owned by the seven largest multi-facility dialysis
providers, including Renal Treatment Centers. The Company believes that the
multi-facility dialysis providers are leading a rapid industry consolidation and
that independent physician owners and hospitals will continue to sell to, or
form alliances with, major multi-facility providers.
According to HCFA data, the average national incidence rate of new cases of ESRD
in 1995 was approximately 263 patients per million when considering all age
groups as compared with 115 patients per million in 1984. This trend suggests
an annualized growth rate in the incidence rate of 7.8% per year from 1984 to
1995.
-2-
<PAGE>
Treatment Options for End-Stage Renal Disease
Treatment options for ESRD include: hemodialysis, which is performed either in
an outpatient facility or a patient's home; peritoneal dialysis, which is
generally performed in the patient's home; and kidney transplantation. ESRD
dialysis patients are treated predominantly in outpatient treatment facilities.
HCFA estimated that, as of December 31, 1994, approximately 82% of the ESRD
patients in the United States receiving dialysis treatment were being treated in
outpatient facilities. The remaining 18% were treated in the home either
through hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Patients treated in the home are
monitored by a designated outpatient facility. Transplants, although a viable
form of treatment for some patients, are limited by the scarcity of compatible
donated kidneys. Therefore, most patients suffering ESRD must rely on dialysis,
which is the removal of toxic waste products and excess fluids from the body by
artificial means.
Hemodialysis uses an artificial kidney to remove toxins and fluids from the
blood and a machine to control external blood flow and monitor the process. It
is usually performed three times per week for three to five hours per treatment.
A hemodialysis patient must follow a restricted diet and take a variety of
medications and vitamin supplements. To permit close patient monitoring,
patients with medical complications sometimes receive hemodialysis treatments in
the hospital. However, the majority of hemodialysis patients are referred to
outpatient dialysis centers, such as those operated by the Company. A small
number of patients, who have willing and capable assistants, who must undergo
training, receive hemodialysis treatment at home.
Another method for treating ESRD patients in the home is through peritoneal
dialysis. There are several variations of peritoneal dialysis. The most common
are continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis ("CAPD") and continuous cycling
peritoneal dialysis ("CCPD"). All forms of peritoneal dialysis use the patient's
peritoneal cavity to eliminate fluid and toxins from the patient. CAPD utilizes
a dialysis solution and the patient's peritoneal cavity to eliminate fluid and
toxins from the patient and does not require a mechanical device or an
assistant. CCPD is performed in a manner similar to CAPD, but utilizes a
mechanical device to cycle dialysis solution while the patient is sleeping.
Certain aspects of peritoneal dialysis, however, limit its use as a long-term
therapy for some patients. As residual renal function decreases, peritoneal
dialysis is less effective; therefore, in general, ESRD patients require
hemodialysis treatments for some period during the course of their disease.
Ancillary Services
Dialysis centers also provide ancillary services to ESRD patients, the most
prominent of which is the administration of Erythropoietin ("EPO"). EPO is a
bioengineered protein that stimulates the production of red blood cells. EPO is
used to treat anemia, a complication experienced by most dialysis patients.
Other ancillary services provided to ESRD patients may include, but are not
limited to, the administration of certain medications such as calcijex and
infed, certain laboratory work, bone densitometry studies, nerve conduction
studies and blood transfusions.
BUSINESS STRATEGY
The Company's strategy is to continue expanding its dialysis services business
while maintaining the quality of its clinical care, by (i) acquiring existing
dialysis centers, (ii) pursuing same-center growth; (iii) maximizing operating
efficiencies and utilization within its network, (iv) developing de novo
dialysis centers, (v) creating services and products tailored to managed care
organizations, (vi) negotiating additional contracts to provide inpatient acute
dialysis services to hospitals and (vii) building a clinical laboratory.
High-Quality Clinical Care
Providing high-quality clinical care is central to the Company's business
strategy. Renal Treatment Centers has developed a quality assurance program to
verify that high standards of care are maintained at each of its dialysis
centers. The Company monitors each of its dialysis centers on an ongoing basis,
and has developed its own training and continuing education programs for its
technical and medical personnel. In order to facilitate and encourage quality
care decisions, Physician Directors at the Company's dialysis centers have the
authority to determine the most effective treatments for each patient, subject
to the parameters established by the governing body of each facility and the
Company's quality assurance advisory board.
Acquisitions
The Company will aggressively seek to acquire dialysis centers and develop
regional clusters in locations with favorable demographics and payor mixes. The
Company has expanded rapidly, primarily through acquisitions, increasing the
number of dialysis centers in its network from 15 as of December 31, 1991 to its
current level of 116 centers. During 1996, Renal Treatment Centers acquired 24
dialysis centers in eight states and 2 dialysis centers in the Republic of
Argentina. In addition, in 1996 the Company entered into an agreement to manage
one dialysis center in Texas, which was later acquired by the Company in January
1997. In total, these acquisitions added approximately 450 treatment stations
and approximately 2,050 patients to the Company's
-3-
<PAGE>
network. The Company entered the market in Argentina because (i) Argentina
currently has similar reimbursement characteristics to the United States, (ii)
the Company believes the level of acceptance of hemodialysis within the local
medical community is high and (iii) the dialysis population of Argentina is
approximately 8,000 patients. The Company is investigating additional
acquisitions and de novo developments in Argentina; however, the Company does
not contemplate acquiring centers in any other foreign country in the near
future.
Acquisition Criteria. In new markets, the Company's strategy is to acquire
multi-facility independent dialysis centers with a minimum of 80 patients. In
existing markets, the Company seeks to enhance management and administrative
efficiencies by developing or acquiring dialysis centers in proximity to its
existing centers. A key element of the Company's acquisition and development
strategy is the availability of one or more leading nephrologists or other
qualified physicians in an area to serve as Physician Director of the Company's
dialysis center. Other criteria include the financial feasibility of the
acquisition, the condition of the facilities and equipment, population growth
potential and the labor cost associated with compensating qualified nursing and
technical personnel. Renal Treatment Centers performs extensive business and
clinical due diligence prior to completing an acquisition and follows a
disciplined approach to pricing acquisitions.
Acquisition Integration. The Company strives to effect acquisitions that
contribute immediately to profitability upon integration into the network, and
accordingly focuses on acquiring dialysis centers with attractive utilization
rates. Renal Treatment Centers believes that by employing this strategy it can
realize cost savings with respect to acquired businesses by capitalizing on its
purchasing power for supplies and reducing duplicative administrative costs.
Same-Center Growth
The Company seeks to achieve same-center growth in excess of the ESRD patient
population growth by providing quality patient care, convenient locations and an
operating environment that is conducive to meeting both the needs of the
nephrologists and their patients.
Operating Efficiencies and Utilization
Consistent with the Company's acquisition, same-center growth and de novo
development strategies, the Company endeavors to leverage the fixed components
of its corporate and regional cost structure as it seeks to increase its patient
base. The Company believes it has adequate capacity within its network of
dialysis centers to accommodate greater patient volume and will seek to employ
such operating leverage to lower its fixed costs per treatment. In addition,
the Company will continue to focus on improving operating efficiency, while
maintaining the quality of care it provides.
Development of New Centers
The Company selectively develops de novo centers to further enhance its regional
clusters, accommodate the growing number of ESRD patients and meet the needs of
local nephrologists. In developing de novo centers, the Company's strategy is
to leverage its expanding patient base by building new dialysis centers near
existing centers to address capacity constraints. The Company may also develop
de novo centers in new service areas that possess favorable demographics and
payor mixes. Renal Treatment Centers has developed ten centers since its
inception in 1988 and is currently planning or constructing several additional
de novo centers.
Managed Care Products
With approximately 50 million Americans enrolled in some form of managed care
program, the Company plans to develop additional products and services
specifically for the managed care market. The Company believes that it is well
positioned to take advantage of the increase in managed care enrollment because
of its cost-effective delivery of dialysis services and its regional cluster
strategy. Furthermore, the Company believes that it maintains the second
largest private sector statistical database that tracks dialysis patient
outcomes and provides HMOs with important medical information such as patient
mortality and hospitalization rates. Renal Treatment Centers recently added the
position of vice president of reimbursement programs and managed care to its
senior management team, and currently has approximately 99 commercial provider
agreements, some of which include managed care patients.
In January 1997, the Company signed preferred provider agreements with two HMOs
in the Atlanta, Georgia marketplace. Together, these HMOs serve approximately
475,000 commercial lives. One of the HMOs has entered into a Medicare-risk
agreement with HCFA and currently covers 5,000 lives under its Medicare-risk
HMO. The Company will provide dialysis services to any of the patients of these
HMO health care plans requiring dialysis, including commercial risk, Medicare
risk, preferred provider organization (PPO), and point-of-service plans. Both
preferred provider agreements are based upon all-inclusive global treatment fees
for outpatient dialysis and related services.
-4-
<PAGE>
Dialysis and Acute Care Services to Hospitals
The Company seeks to expand its business through additional management contracts
to provide inpatient dialysis and acute care services to hospitals located in
areas served by its centers. Hospitals are increasingly outsourcing these
services in order to reduce costs and to improve the quality of patient care.
Contracts with acute care hospitals for inpatient dialysis services are
attractive because these arrangements are at negotiated rates that are generally
higher than the Medicare reimbursement rates.
Clinical Laboratory
The Company is currently building a clinical laboratory in Las Vegas, Nevada,
which it expects to open before the end of 1997. Clinical laboratories provide
testing services to assist nephrologists in determining the appropriate therapy,
diet and medicines for dialysis patients. The Company currently subcontracts
all of its laboratory services to a third-party laboratory, and therefore does
not realize incremental revenues for certain services, in respect of which
government reimbursement is currently available. The Company believes that
owning a laboratory will provide the Company with direct access to statistical
patient data, which the Company believes will enhance the quality of patient
care and generate incremental revenue.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
Acquisitions
The Company completed eleven separate acquisitions during 1996 for aggregate
consideration of approximately $40.8 million in cash, $9.2 million in
liabilities and 2,297,009 shares of unregistered common stock valued at
approximately $51.3 million, based on the market value of the Company's common
stock at the date of closing of the respective acquisitions. The Company also
entered into an agreement to manage one dialysis facility in Texas. In
connection with these acquisitions, the Company entered into agreements to
provide inpatient dialysis services, or received assignments of existing
agreements to provide such services, at several hospitals. In addition, in
connection with each acquisition, the Company entered into a physician director
agreement with the selling physician or a physician group affiliated with the
sellers. As of December 31, 1996, the centers acquired in these acquisitions
were providing care for approximately 2,050 patients, or approximately 27.1% of
the Company's patients.
The following is a summary of these transactions:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Number of Patients
Month of State (or Country Number of Facilities at Facilities as of
Acquisition if other than U.S.) Acquired December 31. 1996
- -------------- ---------------------- -------------------- -------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
September Georgia 2 108
Alabama 1 101
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
September Republic of Argentina 1 28
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
September Texas 1/(1)/ 200
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
July Florida 2 198
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
June Oklahoma 1 106
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
May Pennsylvania 2 414
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
May Georgia 1 40
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
April Republic of Argentina 1 63
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
March New Jersey 1 48
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
February Hawaii 4 450
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
February Oklahoma 10 293
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 27 2,049
=================================================================================
</TABLE>
/(1)/ The Company entered into a management agreement with one dialysis facility
in Texas. This facility was acquired by the Company in January 1997.
-5-
<PAGE>
Amendments to Credit Agreement
On June 5, 1996, the Company's credit facility with a consortium of bank lenders
(the "Credit Agreement") was amended to increase the amount available under the
line of credit portion of the Credit Agreement to $100,000,000 and to make
certain other changes to the terms of the Credit Agreement, including amendments
to certain covenants, the amortization schedule, the interest rates and the
events of default.
Stock Split
On January 30, 1996, the Board of Directors of the Company declared a two-for-
one stock split, effected in the form of a stock dividend of one share of common
stock for each share of common stock outstanding, paid on March 14, 1996 to
stockholders of record on February 29, 1996. In connection with this stock
split, the stockholders of the Company, at a special meeting held on February
29, 1996, approved an increase in the number of authorized shares of the
Company's common stock to 45,000,000 shares. All information in this report has
been restated to reflect this stock split, including the consolidated financial
statements, selected consolidated financial data and consolidated quarterly
data.
OPERATIONS
Location, Capacity and Use of Centers
As of December 31, 1996, the Company operated 106 freestanding dialysis centers
with a total capacity of 1,688 certified dialysis stations. All but six of
these centers were owned by the Company; the other six centers were managed by
the Company under contract. All but three of the Company-owned centers are
located in premises leased by the Company. The remaining three Company-owned
centers are located in premises owned by the Company. The centers range in size
from six to 54 certified dialysis stations. At certain centers, the Company
provides training, supplies and on-call support services to facilitate the
implementation of home peritoneal dialysis. The Company also provided acute
inpatient dialysis services to 80 hospitals as of December 31, 1996.
The following table sets forth selected information regarding the Company's
operations. Treatments listed opposite a state include all hemodialysis
treatments provided as well as all home dialysis treatments and all acute care
treatments provided at hospitals located in the state. Peritoneal dialysis
treatments are stated in hemodialysis equivalents. Only treatments rendered
after the acquisition of a center by the Company are included, including those
centers acquired in acquisitions accounted for under the poolings-of-interests
method of accounting.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Dialysis Dialysis Acute Service
Company Centers as of Stations as of Agreements as of Number of Treatments During
Commenced December 31, December 31, December 31, Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------
Business 1996 1996 1996 1994 1995 1996
-------- ----------- -------------- ---------------- ---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Louisiana................ 1988 1 15 1 16,111 17,829 20,187
Georgia.................. 1988 11 216 9 94,041 112,722 134,106
Maryland................. 1988 6 90 4 65,462 69,384 72,188
Pennsylvania............. 1989 12 243 13 70,323 90,599 132,107
New Jersey............... 1992 4 55 --- 28,379 29,419 35,361
Delaware................. 1993 1 24 1 13,401 13,918 15,936
Florida.................. 1993 5 84 2 5,407 12,600 49,803
California............... 1993 5 62 4 42,911 43,378 45,383
Oklahoma................. 1994 15 182 13 25,708 25,792 82,724
Colorado................. 1994 5 93 8 41,396 88,285 91,310
Wyoming.................. 1994 1 8 1 2,140 3,758 4,667
Virginia................. 1994 3 60 1 21,906 48,703 52,698
Texas.................... 1994 6 137 5 31,940 60,460
Nebraska................. 1995 1 8 1 1,041 3,880
Indiana.................. 1995 4 30 2 7,944 9,727
Ohio..................... 1995 1 10 --- 6,333 7,968
District of Columbia..... 1995 1 20 --- 14,781 14,129
Missouri................. 1995 5 68 2 38,603 38,081
Illinois................. 1995 2 29 2 17,128 19,718
North Carolina........... 1995 5 62 1 36,883 43,176
Kansas................... 1995 5 66 3 48,891 50,296
Hawaii................... 1996 4 80 7 70,207
Argentina................ 1996 2 26 --- 8,402
Alabama.................. 1996 1 20 --- 5,318
--- ---- --- ------- ------ --------
Total.................. 106 1,688 80 427,185 759,931 1,067,832
==== ===== === ======= ======= =========
</TABLE>
-6-
<PAGE>
Operation of Centers
The Company's dialysis centers generally contain, in addition to space for
dialysis treatments, a nurses' station, a patient weigh-in area, examination
rooms, a kitchen, a supply room, a water treatment space, staff work areas,
offices and a staff lounge. Some centers also have a designated area for
training patients in home dialysis.
In accordance with conditions for participation in Medicare ESRD programs, each
center has a qualified Physician Director. See "Physician Relationships" below.
Each center typically has a Nurse Administrator, who is a registered nurse
supervising the day-to-day operations of each center and the staff. The staff
of each center typically consists of registered nurses, licensed practical
nurses, patient care technicians, a social worker, a registered dietician, a
unit clerk and machine technicians.
In addition to conventional in-center hemodialysis, some of the Company's
centers offer high flux and high efficiency hemodialysis, which certain
physicians deem suitable for some of their patients. High flux and high
efficiency hemodialysis allow patients to dialyze in a shorter period of time
per treatment than conventional hemodialysis. Some of the Company's centers
also offer various forms of home dialysis, primarily CAPD. The Company offers
CCPD equipment and supplies through its wholly-owned subsidiary supply company.
Home dialysis services consist of providing equipment and supplies, training,
patient monitoring and follow-up assistance to patients who prefer and are able
to receive dialysis treatments in their homes.
Certain of the Company's centers provide dialysis services through agreements
with hospitals located within their respective service areas. Under the
agreements, the Company provides all dialysis services required in connection
with the hospitals' inpatient services for a predetermined fee per treatment.
Examples of cases in which such inpatient services are required include (i)
patients with acute kidney failure resulting from accidents, (ii) patients in
the early stages of ESRD and (iii) ESRD patients who require hospitalization for
other reasons.
Physician Relationships
A key factor in the success of a center is its relationship with local
nephrologists. An ESRD patient generally seeks treatment at a center where such
patient's nephrologist has staff privileges. Consequently, the Company relies
on its ability to provide quality dialysis care and otherwise to meet the needs
of referring physicians in order to continue to receive physician referrals of
ESRD patients.
The conditions of participation in the Medicare ESRD program mandate that
treatment at a dialysis facility be "under the general supervision of a Director
who is a physician." Generally, such physicians must be board certified or
board eligible in internal medicine and have at least twelve months of training
or experience in the care of patients at ESRD centers. The Company has engaged
by written agreement qualified nephrologists or groups of qualified
nephrologists to serve as Physician Directors for its centers. In all cases,
the Company's Physician Directors refer patients to the Company's centers. In
most cases, the Physician Director or Physician Director group is the sole or
substantial source of referrals to the centers served.
The agreements between the Company and its Physician Directors generally extend
for a term of five to seven years and, under certain agreements, up to ten
years. Under these agreements, the Company pays its Physician Directors annual
base compensation at the rates set forth in their respective agreements. To
protect the Company's interests in its system of operation, these agreements, to
the extent permitted by law, prohibit the Physician Directors from acting as a
medical director, owner or equity holder in competing dialysis centers within a
specified area during the term of the agreement and for one to two years after
the term; however, the agreements do not prohibit the Physician Director from
providing direct patient care services at other locations and, consistent with
applicable law, they do not require a physician to refer patients to the center.
Certain states prohibit covenants not to compete in contracts other than in
connection with the sale of a business. In connection with acquisitions, the
Company obtains similar agreements from the sellers, whether physicians or non-
physicians, not to compete within a specified area, for a specified period,
usually four to ten years. These agreements impose restrictions similar to
those described above with respect to Physician Directors.
Sources of Net Patient Revenue
The following table provides information regarding the percentage of the
Company's net patient revenue provided by (i) the Medicare ESRD programs, (ii)
Medicaid, (iii) private/alternative payors such as private insurance, private
funds, state kidney associations and the Veterans Administration and (iv)
agreements for inpatient acute dialysis services provided at hospitals.
-7-
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1994 1995 1996
------ ------ ------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Medicare...................... 67.7% 64.3% 58.2%
Medicaid...................... 4.9% 4.1% 4.1%
Private/alternative payors.... 22.4% 26.7% 33.1%
Hospital inpatient contracts.. 5.0% 4.9% 4.6%
----- ----- -----
Total......................... 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
</TABLE>
Under the Medicare ESRD program, Medicare reimburses dialysis providers for the
treatment of individuals who are diagnosed to have ESRD and are otherwise
eligible for Medicare, regardless of age or financial circumstances. For each
treatment, Medicare pays 80% and a secondary payor, usually Medicare
supplemental insurance or, to a lesser extent, private insurance, pays
approximately 20% of the amount set by the Medicare prospective reimbursement
system. All but one of the states in which the Company currently operates
dialysis centers provide Medicaid benefits to qualified recipients to supplement
their Medicare entitlement. The Medicare and Medicaid programs are subject to
statutory and regulatory changes, administrative rulings, interpretations of
policy and governmental funding restrictions, all of which may have the effect
of decreasing program payments, increasing costs or modifying the way the
Company operates its dialysis business. See "Business--Operations--Medicare
Reimbursement."
New dialysis patients, except CAPD patients and patients who are already
Medicare eligible, generally must wait 90 days after commencing dialysis to
qualify for Medicare benefits. Many patients do not have insurance to pay for
treatment, and in these cases the Company generally is not compensated for
treatments performed during this 90-day period. For new CAPD patients, however,
the 90-day waiting period is waived. Further, if a secondary payor such as
Medicaid or a private insurer cannot be found, the Company may not be reimbursed
for the 20% co-payment of the ESRD rate that is not paid by Medicare. The
Company seeks to assist patients who may not initially have adequate sources of
reimbursement or insurance to obtain coverage, if possible. If new patients
belong to an employer group insurance plan, under federal law, such group
insurance plan is primary and required to pay for dialysis treatments during the
first 18 months of Medicare eligibility.
Quality Assurance
The Company has developed a quality assurance program to verify that high
standards of care are maintained in each of its dialysis centers. Quality
assurance activities involve the ongoing examination of care provided, the
identification of deficiencies in that care and the improvement, as necessary,
of the quality of care. Each dialysis center has a Quality Assurance Committee
that typically includes the Physician Director, the Nurse Administrator, a
technician, the nursing manager and, where applicable, the CAPD nurse. This
committee meets regularly to monitor the quality of care in the center and to
ensure that all centers meet the regulations of HCFA, the Occupational Safety
and Health Administration ("OSHA") and the Association for the Advancement of
Medical Instrumentation.
Medicare Reimbursement
The Company is reimbursed under a prospective Medicare reimbursement system for
chronic dialysis services provided to ESRD patients. Under this system, the
reimbursement rates are fixed in advance and have been adjusted from time to
time by legislation. Although this form of reimbursement limits the allowable
charge per treatment, it provides the Company with predictable and recurring per
treatment revenue and allows the Company to retain any profit earned. The
Company also receives Medicare reimbursement for certain ancillary services
provided to its dialysis patients. Claims for Medicare reimbursement must
generally be presented within 15 to 27 months of treatment, and for secondary
reimbursement, typically within 60 to 90 days after payment of the Medicare
claim. The Company generally submits claims monthly and is usually paid by
Medicare within 30 days of the submission of a claim.
The Company receives reimbursement for outpatient dialysis services at rates
that are currently between $117.00 and $138.84 per treatment, depending upon
regional wage variations. Since the Medicare ESRD program commenced, the
reimbursement rate for dialysis treatments has periodically been reduced, and if
the rates now in effect are lowered or remain in effect without adjustment for
inflation, the Company's profit margin could be materially reduced. Prior to
August 1, 1983, reimbursement was based upon a fixed fee of $138.00 per
treatment. On August 1, 1983, the reimbursement rate was reduced by HCFA to an
average rate of $127.00 per treatment. In October 1986, the rate was further
reduced to an average of $125.00 per treatment.
In addition, as a result of the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings deficit-reduction
measures, temporary reductions from the established ESRD reimbursement rate were
imposed as follows: 2.1%, or approximately $2.65 per treatment, from October 17,
1989 through March 31, 1990: 1.4%, or approximately $1.75 per treatment, from
April 1, 1990 through September 30, 1990: and 2.0%, or approximately $2.50 per
treatment, in November and December 1990. These or similar deficit reduction
measures may result in additional reimbursement rate cuts in the future.
-8-
<PAGE>
The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 increased the ESRD reimbursement
rate by $1.00 per treatment, effective January 1, 1991, and restored the
temporary reductions then in effect, resulting in the current average
reimbursement rate of $126.00 per treatment. In 1987 and 1990, Congress
required that the Department of Health and Human Services and the Prospective
Payment Assessment Commission ("PROPAC") study dialysis costs and reimbursement
and make findings as to the appropriateness of ESRD reimbursement rates. On
January 19, 1994, PROPAC decided to recommend that there be no changes in the
reimbursement rate in the next budget. The Company is unable to predict what,
if any, future changes may occur in the rate of reimbursement, or, if made,
whether any reductions will have a material adverse effect on the Company's
revenues and net earnings.
On June 1, 1989, EPO was approved for production and sale by the FDA and for
reimbursement for dialysis patients by HCFA. EPO is beneficial in the treatment
of anemia, thereby reducing or eliminating the need for blood transfusions for
dialysis patients. Physicians began prescribing EPO to their patients in the
Company's dialysis centers in August 1989.
From June 1, 1989 through December 30, 1990, HCFA reimbursed for EPO on an
initial trial basis by adding $40.00 per treatment to the dialysis facility's
composite rate payments for dosages of up to 10,000 units per treatment. For
higher dosages, an additional payment of $30.00 per treatment was allowed.
Effective January 1, 1991, Medicare reimbursement for EPO was changed to a
dosage rate of $11.00 per 1,000 units, rounded to the nearest 100 units, with no
maximum. The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 ("OBRA '93") reduced the
Medicare reimbursement for EPO by $1.00 per 1,000 units, effective January 1,
1994. The Company cannot predict the effect on operating margins of future
changes in the reimbursement rate, the typical dosage per administration or the
cost of EPO, which currently is manufactured by only one company. Accordingly,
there can be no assurance that the Company can maintain current operating
margins in the future for EPO administrations.
In October 1996, HCFA announced that four managed care companies had been
awarded contracts to develop and implement capitated reimbursement systems for
ESRD patients in their respective markets as part of a four-year demonstration
project. The demonstration project is intended to assist HCFA in determining
whether to allow open enrollment of ESRD patients into managed care plans
serving Medicare beneficiaries. Currently, managed care companies are permitted
to arrange for the provision of dialysis services only to existing members in
their programs who develop ESRD. The Company is unable to predict whether the
demonstration project will result in large numbers of ESRD patients enrolling in
managed care programs, or the impact of the enrollment of ESRD patients in
managed care programs on the Company. The widespread introduction of managed
care to dialysis services could result in a reduction in the rates of
reimbursement for the Company's services, which could have a material adverse
effect on the Company's revenue and net earnings.
GOVERNMENTAL REGULATION
General
The Company's dialysis operations are subject to governmental regulations at
federal, state and local levels. These regulations require the Company to meet
various standards relating to, among other things, the management of facilities,
personnel, maintenance of proper records, equipment and quality assurance
programs. The dialysis centers are subject to periodic inspection by state
agencies and other governmental authorities to determine if the premises,
equipment, personnel and patient care meet applicable standards. To receive
Medicare reimbursement, the Company's dialysis centers must be certified by
HCFA. All of the Company's dialysis centers are so certified.
Any loss by the Company of its various federal certifications, its authorization
to participate in the Medicare and Medicaid programs or its licenses under the
laws of any state or other governmental authority from which a substantial
portion of its revenue is derived or a change resulting from health care reform
reducing dialysis reimbursement or reducing or eliminating coverage for dialysis
services would have a material adverse effect on its business. The health care
services industry will continue to be subject to intense regulation at the
federal and state levels, the scope and effect of which cannot be predicted. No
assurance can be given that the activities of the Company will not be reviewed
and challenged or that health care reform will not result in a material adverse
effect on the Company.
Fraud and Abuse
The Company's dialysis operations are subject to the illegal remuneration
provisions of the Social Security Act (sometimes referred to as the "anti-
kickback" statute) and similar state laws that impose criminal and civil
sanctions on persons who solicit, receive, offer to pay, or pay any
remuneration, whether directly or indirectly, in return for referring a patient
for treatment or the ordering or purchasing of items or services that are paid
for in whole or in part by Medicare, Medicaid or similar state programs.
Violations of the federal anti-kickback statute are punishable by criminal
penalties, including imprisonment and fines, and by civil penalties, including
exclusion of the provider from future participation in the Medicare and Medicaid
programs, and civil monetary penalties,
-9-
<PAGE>
which can include assessment of $2,000 per improper claim for payment plus twice
the amount of the claim. Although the federal anti-kickback statute expressly
prohibits transactions that have traditionally had criminal implications, such
as kickbacks, rebates or bribes for patient referrals, its language has not been
limited to such obviously wrongful transactions. Certain court decisions state
that, under certain circumstances, the statute is also violated when one of the
purposes (as opposed to the "primary" or a "material" purpose) of a payment to a
provider was to induce referrals. Proposed federal legislation that would extend
the federal illegal remuneration laws to cover referrals of any patients
regardless of payor source has been introduced from time to time.
The Federal government has published regulations that provide exceptions, or
"safe harbors," for certain business transactions and arrangements.
Transactions and arrangements that are structured within these safe harbors will
be deemed not to violate the illegal remuneration provisions. For a business
arrangement to receive the protection of a relevant safe harbor, each and every
element of the safe harbor must be satisfied. Transactions that do not satisfy
all elements of a relevant safe harbor do not necessarily violate the illegal
remuneration statute, but may be subject to greater scrutiny by enforcement
agencies. The Company seeks to structure its business transactions and
arrangements with referring physicians within these safe harbors. The Company
believes that, except in certain limited circumstances, the Company's agreements
with its Physician Directors satisfy the safe harbor requirements. In addition,
the Company believes that its lease arrangements with referring physicians
materially satisfy all the relevant safe harbor requirements. The Company seeks
to structure its various other business arrangements with physicians, including
the issuance of stock to certain referring physicians in acquisitions, to
satisfy as many safe harbor elements as possible under the circumstances.
However, none of these other arrangements satisfies all elements of the relevant
safe harbors.
The Company has never been challenged under the anti-kickback statutes and
believes it complies in all material respects with these and all other
applicable laws and regulations. The Company believes that the illegal
remuneration provisions described above are primarily directed at abusive
practices that increase the utilization and cost of services covered by
governmentally funded programs. The dialysis services provided by the Company
generally cannot, by their very nature, be over-utilized, because dialysis
treatments are not elective and cannot be prescribed unless there is temporary
or permanent kidney failure. Moreover, reimbursement rates for these services
are fixed so the per treatment charges to the government cannot be increased.
Nevertheless, because of the breadth of the statutory provisions and the absence
of regulations or court decisions specifically addressing the arrangements by
which the Company conducts its business, it is possible that certain of the
Company's past or present contractual arrangements might be challenged. There
can be no assurance that the Company will not be obligated to change its
practices or that it will not experience a material adverse effect as a result
of a review or challenge to its past or present practices under these statutory
provisions.
As required by Medicare regulations, each of the Company's dialysis centers is
supervised by a Physician Director who is a licensed physician. At some of its
centers, the Company also contracts with physicians to serve as assistant
Physician Directors. The compensation of the Physician Directors is fixed by
written agreements with terms of at least one year and reflects competitive
factors in their local markets, the Physician Director's professional
qualifications, commitment and responsibilities and the size of the dialysis
center. In all cases, the Physician Directors refer patients to the Company's
centers; therefore, the federal anti-kickback statute may apply. Among the safe
harbors from the anti-kickback statute, however, is one relevant to the
Company's arrangements with its Physician Directors. That safe harbor,
generally applicable to personal services and management contracts, sets forth
six requirements. The Company believes that, except in cases where a facility
is in transition from one Physician Director to another, or where the term of an
agreement with a Physician Director has expired and a new agreement is in
negotiation, which would not meet all of the requirements of the safe harbor,
the Company's agreements with its Physician Directors satisfy the safe harbor
requirements.
Certain of the Company's dialysis centers are leased from entities in which
physicians who refer patients to the centers hold interests. Because of the
referral of patients to the centers by these physicians, the federal anti-
kickback statute may apply. The Federal government has promulgated a safe
harbor relevant to such arrangements, generally applicable to space rentals.
The Company believes that these leases are in material compliance with the anti-
kickback statute and that the leases satisfy in all material respects each of
the elements of the space rental safe harbor.
Several states in which the Company operates dialysis centers have also enacted
statutes prohibiting physicians from holding financial interests in various
types of medical facilities to which they refer patients. The Company believes
that it is in compliance with, or exempt from, all such applicable statutes.
Stark I
Stark I restricts physician referrals for clinical laboratory services to any
entity with which a physician or an immediate family member has a financial
relationship, which includes an ownership or investment interest in, or
compensation arrangement with, the entity. The entity is precluded from
claiming payment for such services under the Medicare or Medicaid programs, is
liable for the refund of amounts received pursuant to prohibited claims, can
receive civil penalties of up to $15,000 per service and can be excluded from
participation in the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Because of its broad
language, Stark I may be interpreted by
-10-
<PAGE>
HCFA to apply to the Company's operations. Regulations interpreting Stark I,
however, have created an exception to its applicability for services furnished
in a dialysis facility if payment for those services is included in the ESRD
composite rate. The Company believes that it is in material compliance with the
provisions of Stark I.
Stark II
Stark II restricts physician referrals for certain designated health services to
entities with which a physician or an immediate family member has a financial
relationship. Any such entities are prohibited from claiming payment for such
services under the Medicare or Medicaid programs, are liable for the refund of
amounts received pursuant to prohibited claims, can receive civil penalties of
up to $15,000 per service and can be excluded from participation in the Medicare
and Medicaid programs. Stark II provisions that may be relevant to the Company
became effective on January 1, 1995.
For purposes of Stark II, designated health services include: clinical
laboratory services, radiology and other diagnostic services, durable medical
equipment, parenteral and enteral nutrients, equipment and supplies, prosthetics
and prosthetic devices, home health services, outpatient prescription drugs, and
inpatient and outpatient hospital services. The Company believes that the
language and legislative history of Stark II indicate that Congress did not
intend to include dialysis services and the services and items provided incident
to dialysis services within the Stark II prohibitions. However, the Company's
provision of, or arrangement and assumption of financial responsibility for,
outpatient prescription drugs, including EPO, clinical laboratory services,
facility dialysis services and supplies, home dialysis supplies and equipment,
and services to hospital inpatients and outpatients under its dialysis service
agreements with hospitals include services and items that could be construed as
designated health services within the meaning of Stark II. Although the Company
does not bill Medicare or Medicaid for hospital inpatient and outpatient
services, the Company's Physician Directors may request or establish a plan of
care that includes dialysis services for hospital inpatients and outpatients
that may be considered a referral to the Company within the meaning of Stark II.
A "financial relationship" under Stark II is defined as an ownership or
investment interest in, or a compensation arrangement between, the physician and
the entity. The Company has entered into compensation arrangements with its
Physician Directors; some Physician Directors own stock in the Company; and
certain of the Company's dialysis centers are leased from entities in which
physicians who refer patients to the centers hold interests. Certain referring
physicians from whom the Company has acquired dialysis facilities, as part or
all of the consideration in such acquisitions, have acquired stock in the
Company. The Company believes that the issuance of this stock to physicians is
in material compliance with Stark II.
Because of its broad language, Stark II may be interpreted by HCFA to apply to
the Company's operations. If Stark II was to be interpreted to apply to the
Company it may require the Company to restructure certain existing compensation
arrangements with its Physician Directors and to repurchase or to request the
sale of the Company's securities held by referring physicians or, in the
alternative, to refuse to accept referrals for designated health services from
such physicians. The Company believes, but cannot assure, that if Stark II is
interpreted to apply to the Company's operations, the Company will be able to
bring its financial relationships with referring physicians into material
compliance with the provisions of Stark II, including relevant exceptions. If
the Company cannot achieve such material compliance, and Stark II is broadly
interpreted by HCFA to apply to the Company, such applications of Stark II could
have a material adverse effect on the Company.
Stark II includes certain exceptions. A personal services compensation
arrangement is excepted from Stark II prohibitions if (i) the arrangement is set
out in writing, signed by the parties, and specifies the services covered by the
arrangement, (ii) the arrangement covers all of the services to be provided by
the physician (or an immediate family member of such physician) to the entity,
(iii) the aggregate services contracted for do not exceed those that are
reasonable and necessary for the legitimate business purposes of the
arrangement, (iv) the term of the agreement is for at least one year, (v) the
compensation to be paid over the term of the arrangement is set in advance, does
not exceed fair market value, and is not determined in a manner that takes into
account the volume or value of any referrals or other business generated between
the parties, (vi) the services to be performed do not involve the counseling or
promotion of a business arrangement or other activity that violates any state or
federal law and (vii) the arrangement meets such other requirements that may be
imposed pursuant to regulations promulgated by HCFA. The Company believes that
its compensation arrangements with its Physician Directors materially satisfy
the personal services exception to the Stark II prohibitions.
Payments made by a lessee to a lessor for the use of premises are excepted from
Stark II prohibitions if (i) the lease is set out in writing, signed by the
parties, and specifies the premises covered by the lease, (ii) the space rented
or leased does not exceed that which is reasonable and necessary for the
legitimate business purposes of the lease or rental and is used exclusively by
the lessee when being used by the lessee, subject to certain permitted payments
for common areas, (iii) the lease provides for a term of rental or lease of at
least one year, (iv) the rental charges over the term of the lease are set in
advance, are consistent with fair market value, and are not determined in a
manner that takes into account the volume or value of any referrals or other
business generated between the parties, (v) the lease would be commercially
reasonable even if no referrals were made between the parties and (vi) the
-11-
<PAGE>
lease meets such other requirements that may be imposed pursuant to regulations
promulgated by HCFA. The Company believes that its leases of premises from
referring physicians materially satisfy the lease of premises exception to the
Stark II prohibitions.
Medicare
Because the Medicare program represents a substantial portion of the Federal
budget, Congress takes action in almost every legislative session to modify the
Medicare program for the purpose of reducing the amounts otherwise payable from
the program to health care providers. Legislation or regulations may be enacted
in the future that may significantly modify the ESRD program or substantially
reduce the amount paid for the Company's services. Further, statutes or
regulations may be adopted that impose additional requirements in order for the
Company to be eligible to participate in the federal and state payment programs.
Such new legislation or regulations may adversely affect the Company's
operations.
Other Regulations
In 1986, the U.S. Congress repealed the health planning provisions of the
National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974. This act called
for states to establish certificate of need programs regulating the
establishment or expansion of health care facilities, including dialysis
facilities. Following repeal of the health planning provisions of such act,
many states have curtailed or eliminated their certificate of need programs as
they pertained to dialysis facilities, so that the establishment or expansion of
a dialysis facility is no longer subject to certificate of need regulations in
those states. In states in which the Company does business that still have
certificate of need programs, the Company believes it is in compliance with all
applicable requirements.
The Company's operations are subject to various state medical and hazardous
waste disposal laws. Laws currently in effect do not classify most of the waste
produced during the provision of dialysis services as hazardous, although
disposal of non-hazardous medical waste is also subject to regulation. The
Company incurs average monthly expenses of approximately $550 per center in
disposing of both hazardous and non-hazardous medical waste.
OSHA regulations require employers of workers who are occupationally exposed to
blood or other potentially infectious materials to provide those workers with
certain prescribed protections against blood-borne pathogens. The regulatory
requirements apply to all health care centers, including dialysis centers, and
require employers to make the determination as to which employees may be exposed
to blood or other potentially infectious materials and to have in effect a
written exposure control plan. In addition, employers are required to provide
hepatitis B vaccinations, personal protective equipment, infection control
training, post-exposure evaluation and follow-up, waste disposal techniques and
procedures, and engineering and work practice controls. Employers are also
required to comply with certain record-keeping requirements.
Although the Company believes it complies in all respects with current
applicable laws and regulations, the health care services industry will continue
to be subject to substantial regulation at the federal and state levels, the
scope and effect of which cannot be predicted by the Company. No assurance can
be given that the Company's activities will not be reviewed or challenged by
regulatory authorities.
COMPETITION
The dialysis industry is highly competitive, particularly in terms of
acquisitions of existing dialysis facilities and developing relationships with
referring physicians. Competition for qualified physicians to act as Physician
Directors is also high. According to data published by HCFA, there were
approximately 2,750 dialysis facilities in the United States at the end of 1995.
The Company estimates that approximately 25% were owned by independent
physicians, approximately 27% were hospital-based facilities, and approximately
48% were owned by the seven major multi-facility dialysis providers, including
Renal Treatment Centers. There are also a number of health care providers that
have entered or may decide to enter the dialysis business. Certain of the
Company's competitors have substantially greater financial resources than the
Company and may compete with the Company for acquisitions and development of
facilities in markets targeted by the Company. There is no assurance that the
Company can continue to compete effectively with such providers. Moreover,
competition for acquisitions has increased the cost of acquiring existing
dialysis facilities. While it occurs infrequently, the Company has also
experienced competition from the establishment of a facility by a former
Physician Director or referring physician.
A consideration in the patient's selection of a dialysis center is convenience
of location. Some of the Company's centers are in urban areas where there are
many competing facilities in close proximity. Most of the Company's other
dialysis centers are in less densely populated areas and competing facilities
are not as close. Other competitive factors include quality of care and
service.
-12-
<PAGE>
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 1996, the Company had approximately 2,080 full-time
employees, including approximately 184 persons employed as the Company's
corporate staff, and approximately 604 part-time employees. The Company
currently has two collective bargaining agreements which relate to its dialysis
centers in Hawaii. These agreements expire in January 1998 and October 1998 and
cover approximately 95 employees. The Company considers its employee relations
to be good. Physician Directors of dialysis centers are independent contractors,
and not employees of the Company.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES:
The Company leases facilities for all but three of the Company-owned dialysis
centers under individual leases that generally have terms of five to ten years,
with certain leases having renewal options. The three remaining facilities are
owned by the Company. Certain of the centers are leased from Physician
Directors. The leased spaces range in size from approximately 1,200 to 15,900
square feet, with an approximate average size of 5,500 square feet. The
Company's corporate headquarters currently includes approximately 41,536 square
feet of leased office space. The headquarters, located in Berwyn, Pennsylvania,
is leased for a term expiring in 2001.
Certain of the Company's centers are operating at or near capacity. However, the
Company believes that expansion of some of these centers is possible. With
respect to other centers, the Company believes that it can lease space at
economically reasonable rates in the area of each of these centers. Expansion or
relocation of Company centers would be subject to state review for compliance
with conditions for participation in the ESRD program. In states requiring
certificates of need, approval of a Company certificate of need application
would also be necessary for expansion or relocation. The locations of the
Company's dialysis centers and information regarding the general character of
these centers is set forth in Item 1 of this 10-K under "Operations."
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS:
The Company is subject to claims and lawsuits in the ordinary course of
business, including those arising from patient treatment for which the Company
is covered by malpractice insurance. The Company does not believe that the
ultimate resolution of pending proceedings will have a material adverse effect
on the Company's results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS:
No matter was submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter
of 1996, through the solicitation of proxies or otherwise.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
All executive officers of the Company are appointed by the Board of Directors.
Certain information regarding these executive officers, including the date that
each officer was first appointed to his or her present position, is set forth
below. No executive officer was appointed as a result of any arrangement between
him or her and any other person.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NAME AGE POSITION
- ---- --- --------
<S> <C> <C>
Robert L. Mayer, Jr..... 50 President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
Frederick C. Jansen..... 60 Executive Vice President and Director
Barbara A. Bednar....... 48 Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Dialysis Services
John Chambers........... 44 Vice President of Corporate Development
Ronald H. Rodgers, Jr... 33 Vice President of Finance and Chief Financial Officer
Mark A. Zawiski......... 42 Vice President of Reimbursement Programs and Managed Care
Thomas J. Karl.......... 40 Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel
</TABLE>
Robert L. Mayer, Jr., a founder of the Company, has served as President and
Chief Executive Officer of the Company since the Company commenced operations in
1988. From 1983 to 1988, Mr. Mayer held positions as Vice President and
President of Renal Care Centers Corp., a subsidiary of United Medical
Corporation that provides dialysis services. Mr. Mayer is a past President and a
former member of the Board of Directors of the National Renal Administrators
Association.
Frederick C. Jansen, a founder of the Company, has served as a director of the
Company and as the Company's Executive Vice President since the Company
commenced operations in 1988. In addition, Mr. Jansen served as the Company's
Chief Financial Officer, from 1988 through February 1997 and as the Company's
Secretary from 1988 through May 1996. From 1987 to 1988, Mr. Jansen served as
Vice President of Development of Renal Care Centers Corp.
-13-
<PAGE>
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS (CONTINUED)
Barbara A. Bednar has served as Vice President of Clinical Operations of the
Company since December 1991 and Chief Operating Officer of Dialysis Services
since September 1995, overseeing the administrative and clinical operations of
the Company. From February 1989 through December 1991, Ms. Bednar served as the
Company's Director of Clinical Services and Coordinator of Quality
Assurance/Risk Management. From 1987 through January 1989, Ms. Bednar organized
and conducted the clinical and financial functions of the University of
Pennsylvania's outpatient dialysis facility. Prior to that time, Ms. Bednar
worked as a certified nephrology nurse. She is a past President and a member of
the Board of Directors of the American Nephrology Nurses' Association.
John Chambers has served as the Company's Vice President of Development since
August 1993. From 1987 to August 1993, Mr. Chambers worked for CGH Medical, a
division of Cobe Laboratories, Inc., and its predecessor, the Gambro Group,
manufacturers of dialysis equipment and supplies. From September 1990 to August
1993, he was a regional sales manager. Prior to that time he served as an
associate sales manager and a sales representative.
Ronald H. Rodgers, Jr. has served as the Company's Vice President of Finance
since February 1993 and Chief Financial Officer since February 1997. From July
1986 to January 1993, Mr. Rodgers was employed by Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P. in
several capacities including, from July 1991 to January 1993, as a general
practice manager servicing health care clients. Mr. Rodgers is a certified
public accountant.
Mark A. Zawiski has served as the Company's Vice President of Reimbursement
Programs and Managed Care since March 1996. From 1981 to November 1995, Mr.
Zawiski held the position of Administrator/Chief Executive Officer of
Interamerican Dialysis Institute, Inc., a private multi-location dialysis
provider in Miami, Florida. Mr. Zawiski has served as Treasurer and a member of
the Board of Directors of the National Renal Administrators Association.
Thomas J. Karl has served as Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel of
the Company since May 1996. Since October 1987, Mr. Karl has been an attorney at
the law firm of Duane, Morris & Heckscher specializing in general corporate law,
banking and commercial finance law and health care law. In January 1992, Mr.
Karl became a partner in such firm, and he has remained a partner in Duane,
Morris & Heckscher since commencing his employment with the Company.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON STOCK AND RELATED STOCKHOLDERS
MATTERS:
Market for the Company's Common Stock
Since December 20, 1995, the Company's common stock has been traded on the New
York Stock Exchange under the symbol RXT. Prior to December 20, 1995, the
Company's common stock was traded on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol
RXTC. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and
low sales prices for the Company's common stock as quoted on the New York Stock
Exchange and the Nasdaq National Market, as the case may be, and has been
adjusted to give retroactive effect to the two-for-one stock split effected in
the first quarter of 1996.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
QUARTER ENDED HIGH LOW
------------- ----- ---
<S> <C> <C>
December 31, 1996 33 3/8 22 3/8
September 30, 1996 34 3/8 24 3/8
June 30, 1996 34 7/8 23 1/2
March 31, 1996 27 5/8 18 3/4
December 31, 1995 23 1/2 16 1/8
September 30, 1995 18 5/8 11 1/4
June 30, 1995 13 1/8 10 3/8
March 31, 1995 13 1/4 10 1/2
</TABLE>
As of March 14, 1997, the approximate number of registered shareholders was
6,334, including 134 stockholders of record and approximately 6,200 persons or
entities holding common stock in nominee name.
-14-
<PAGE>
Dividend Policy
The Company has not paid any cash dividends on its common stock. The Company
intends to retain any future earnings to finance the growth and development of
its business and therefore does not anticipate paying any cash dividends on its
common stock in the foreseeable future. In addition, the Credit Agreement
prohibits the payment of cash dividends during any fiscal year in excess of 15%
of the consolidated net income of the Company for such fiscal year.
Sales of Unregistered Equity Securities
On December 16, 1996, the Company granted to Richard W. Johns, Liliana Barone
and Miguel Curi (collectively, the "Optionees") options to purchase an aggregate
of 30,000 shares of the Company's Common Stock as partial consideration for
entering into a Purchase and Settlement Agreement dated December 16, 1996 (the
"Settlement Agreement") among the Optionees, RTC Holdings, Inc., a subsidiary of
the Company, and JBC S.A., an Argentine corporation affiliated with the
Optionees. The Settlement Agreement, among other things, released RTC Holdings,
Inc. from the obligation to issue shares of stock in RTC Holdings, S.A., a
subsidiary of RTC Holdings, Inc., to JBC S.A. in consideration of JBC S.A.'s
assistance in increasing the number of patients at the Company's dialysis
centers in the Republic of Argentina. Under the terms of the options, each
Optionee has the right to purchase 10,000 shares of the Company's Common Stock
at a price of $23.50 per share. Each option remains exercisable until the
earlier of December 16, 2006 or the expiration of one year from the date of the
Optionee's death. The options were fully exercisable on the date of grant,
December 16, 1996, with the exception of the options granted to Miguel Curi,
which become exercisable upon the earlier of (i) the date on which the number of
patients at the Company's dialysis centers in the Republic of Argentina exceeds
1,000 or (ii) January 1, 1998.
The options were issued in a private placement pursuant to an exemption from
registration under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA:
The selected consolidated financial data presented below as of December 31, 1995
and 1996, and for the years ended December 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996, have been
derived from the Company's audited consolidated financial statements and should
be read in conjunction with such audited consolidated financial statements and
notes thereto, which are included herein. The selected consolidated financial
statements presented below as of December 31, 1992, 1993 and 1994, and for the
years ended December 31, 1992 and 1993, have been derived from the Company's
audited financial statements not included herein.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
---- ---- ---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
(dollars in thousands, except for per share data)
STATEMENT OF INCOME DATA:
Net patient revenue $ 54,041 $ 73,043 $ 115,457 $164,568 $235,397
Operating costs and expenses:
Patient care costs 27,854 37,172 57,096 79,451 114,804
General and administrative 16,083 20,756 32,622 41,382 58,472
Provision for doubtful accounts 967 1,551 3,121 4,761 6,621
Depreciation and amortization 3,123 4,145 7,603 12,066 17,077
Merger expenses - - - 2,088 2,808
Income from operations 6,014 9,419 15,015 24,820 35,615
Interest, net 1,433 1,536 648 2,557 4,384
Income before income taxes 4,581 7,883 14,367 22,263 31,231
Provision for income taxes 1,052 2,102 4,316 7,632 11,941
Net income $ 3,529 $ 5,781 $ 10,051 $ 14,631 $ 19,290
Pro forma net income per common
and common stock equivalent (1) $0.36
Pro forma weighted average shares used in
computing net income per common and common
stock equivalents (1) 16,063,639
Primary net income per common and
common stock equivalent $0.47 $0.65 $0.77
Weighted average common and common stock
equivalents outstanding 21,161,243 22,412,733 25,067,900
</TABLE>
-15-
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
OTHER DATA:
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges (2) 2.16x 4.19x 6.59x 5.74x 4.55x
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
As of December 31,
------------------
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
---- ---- ---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
(dollars in thousands)
BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Working capital $ 3,960 $ 13,709 $ 27,947 $ 43,380 $ 94,284
Intangible assets, net 16,892 28,934 79,238 86,362 130,645
Total assets 37,035 60,007 140,523 174,868 302,720
Total long-term debt 12,389 18,070 28,744 42,576 130,574
Total liabilities 25,028 29,349 47,894 64,510 165,979
Cumulative redeemable preferred stock 9,528 - - - -
Total stockholders' equity $ 2,478 $ 30,658 $ 92,628 $110,358 $136,741
</TABLE>
(1) Pro forma net income is computed by adjusting net income to reflect the
reduction in interest expense (net of tax effect) related to the payment of
certain indebtedness with initial public offering proceeds. Pro forma net
income per common share is computed based upon the weighted average number
of shares of common stock and common stock equivalents and including the
number of shares of common stock issued upon the conversion of preferred
stock and exercise of common stock warrants, and 3,700,000 shares issued in
connection with the Company's initial public offering as if such shares
were issued or converted as of January 1, 1993. The proceeds from the
issuance of 3,700,000 shares were utilized to redeem Series A preferred
stock, pay Series B preferred stock dividends, and to pay down certain
indebtedness.
(2) The ratios of earnings to fixed charges were calculated by dividing the sum
of income before income taxes and fixed charges by fixed charges. Fixed
charges consist of interest expense, amortization of deferred debt issuance
costs and the portion of rent expense deemed to be representative of an
interest factor. Fixed charges for the year ended December 31, 1992 also
include the amount of pre-tax earnings required to cover preferred stock
dividends.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS:
GENERAL
Net Patient Revenue.
Net patient revenue is derived from two sources: (1) in-center dialysis and home
dialysis services and supplies and (2) dialysis services provided to
hospitalized patients pursuant to agreements with hospitals. The Company's in-
center and home dialysis services are primarily paid for under the Medicare ESRD
program in accordance with rates established by HCFA. Additional payments are
provided by other third party payors, particularly during the first 18 months of
treatment, generally at higher rates than the rates reimbursed by Medicare.
Rates paid for services provided to hospitalized patients are negotiated with
individual hospitals and are generally higher than the rates reimbursed by
Medicare. Because dialysis is an ongoing, life-sustaining therapy used to treat
a chronic condition, utilization of the Company's services is generally
predictable. For the year ended December 31, 1996, each of the Company's chronic
dialysis patients received an average of 156 non-discretionary treatments.
Average net revenue per treatment for the Company's in-center and home patients
was approximately $217.67 for the year ended December 31, 1996, including
ancillary items such as Erythropoietin ("EPO") and other drugs, as compared to
$206.68 for the year ended December 31, 1995, an increase of 5.3%. For the year
ended December 31, 1996, the Company's average net revenue per treatment for all
patients, including patients treated pursuant to acute care agreements with
hospitals, was approximately $220.44, as compared to $209.15 for the year ended
December 31, 1995, an increase of 5.4%. Unless the patient moves to another
dialysis facility, receives a kidney transplant or dies, the revenue generated
per patient per year can be estimated with reasonable accuracy.
Medicare and Medicaid Reimbursement.
The Company derived approximately 72.6%, 68.4% and 62.3% of its net patient
revenue from the Medicare and Medicaid programs in 1994, 1995 and 1996,
respectively. The Company anticipates that it will continue to be substantially
dependent upon revenue derived from Medicare. The reimbursement rate for ESRD
services and ancillary items such as EPO are subject to change from time to
time, and the Company's operations are subject to substantial governmental
regulation.
The Group.
On July 23, 1996, Renal Treatment Centers consummated its acquisition of two
dialysis centers from Panama City Artificial Kidney Center, Inc. and North
Florida Artificial Kidney Center, Inc. (collectively "the Group"). Both of the
dialysis centers are located in Florida. The acquisition was structured as a
merger of the acquired companies with and into a wholly-owned subsidiary of the
Company. For accounting purposes, the acquisition of the Group has been treated
as a pooling-of-interests. Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial
statements, management's discussion and analysis, selected consolidated
financial and operating data and consolidated quarterly data included in this
discussion and analysis give retroactive effect to the merger with the Group and
include the combined operations of the Company and the Group for all periods
presented.
-16-
<PAGE>
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED):
IMS and MDU.
In February 1996, the Company completed the mergers of Intercontinental Medical
Services, Inc. ("IMS"), which operated four dialysis centers in Hawaii, and
Midwest Dialysis Unit and its affiliates ("MDU"), which operated eleven dialysis
centers in Oklahoma, with and into wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company. For
accounting purposes, the acquisitions were treated as poolings-of-interests.
Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements, management's
discussion and analysis, selected consolidated financial and operating data and
consolidated quarterly data included in this discussion and analysis include the
combined operations of the Company and IMS and MDU as of January 1, 1996.
Financial information for prior years has not been restated because the impact
on the Company's financial statements of these transactions is not material.
The Wichita Companies.
On July 25, 1995, with an effective date of August 1, 1995, the Company
completed the merger of Wichita Dialysis Center, P.A., Southeast Kansas Dialysis
Center, P.A., Garden City Dialysis Center, P.A. and Wichita Dialysis Center,
East, P.A. (collectively "the Wichita Companies") with and into a wholly-owned
subsidiary of the Company. The Wichita Companies operated four dialysis
facilities in Kansas and owned a 50% interest in another dialysis facility in
Kansas. For accounting purposes, the acquisition was treated as a pooling-of-
interests. Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements,
management's discussion and analysis, selected consolidated financial and
operating data and consolidated quarterly data included in this discussion and
analysis give retroactive effect to the merger and include the combined
operations of the Company and the Wichita Companies for all periods presented.
HCC Merger.
On March 6, 1995, the Company completed a series of merger transactions with
Healthcare Corporation and its affiliates (collectively "HCC") with and into a
wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. At the time of the mergers, HCC operated
13 dialysis facilities located in four states and the District of Columbia. For
accounting purposes, the acquisition was treated as a pooling-of-interests.
Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements, management's
discussion and analysis, selected consolidated financial and operating data and
consolidated quarterly data included in this discussion and analysis give
retroactive effect to the merger and include the combined operations of the
Company and HCC for all periods presented.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, selected financial
information expressed as a percentage of net patient revenue and the period-to-
period percentage changes in such information.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Percentage of Period-to-Period
Net Patient Revenue Percentage Change
Year ended December 31, Year ended December 31,
----------------------- ----------------------
1994 1995 1996 1995 v 1994 1996 v 1995
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net patient revenue 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 42.5% 43.0%
Patient care costs 49.5% 48.3% 48.8% 39.2% 44.5%
General and administrative expense 28.3% 25.1% 24.8% 26.9% 41.3%
Provision for doubtful accounts 2.7% 2.9% 2.8% 52.5% 39.1%
Depreciation and amortization expense 6.6% 7.3% 7.3% 58.7% 41.5%
Merger expenses - 1.3% 1.2% - 34.5%
Income from operations 13.0% 15.1% 15.1% 65.3% 43.5%
Interest expense 1.0% 1.6% 2.7% 125.5% 134.5%
Interest income (0.5%) (0.1%) (0.8%) (71.9%) 1168.3%
Income before income taxes 12.4% 13.5% 13.3% 55.0% 40.3%
Provision for income taxes 3.7% 4.6% 5.1% 76.8% 56.5%
Net income 8.7% 8.9% 8.2% 45.6% 31.8%
</TABLE>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996 COMPARED TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1995
Net Patient Revenue.
Net patient revenue for the year ended December 31, 1996 was $235,396,566 as
compared to $164,568,392 for the same period in 1995, representing an increase
of 43.0%. Of this increase, $5,013,999, or 7.1%, was attributable to the revenue
generated from the operations of nine centers and certain acute care agreements
acquired in four separate purchase transactions from March through December
1995; and $42,692,781, or 60.3%, was attributable to the acquisition of various
facilities and the development of new dialysis centers ("de novo" developments)
completed from January through September 1996. Of the $23,121,394 increase
remaining, $11,690,859 was attributable to an increase in same-center treatments
and $11,430,535 was attributable to an increase in
-17-
<PAGE>
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED):
the average same-center revenue per treatment, which, in turn, was due to an
increase in the administration of EPO and other ancillary services and an
improvement in the Company's third party payor mix.
Patient Care Costs.
Patient care costs increased 44.5% to $114,803,209 for the year ended December
31, 1996 from $79,451,490 for the same period in 1995. This increase was
primarily attributable to the various centers acquired from October 1995 through
September 1996. As a percentage of net patient revenue, patient care costs
increased to 48.8% for the year ended December 31, 1996 from 48.3% for the same
period in 1995. This increase was primarily related to the additional costs
related to the increased administration of EPO and other ancillary services.
General and Administrative Expense.
General and administrative expense increased 41.3% to $58,471,984 for the year
ended December 31, 1996 from $41,381,899 for the same period in 1995. This
increase was due to the acquisitions completed from October 1995 through
September 1996. General and administrative expense decreased as a percentage of
net patient revenue to 24.8% for the year ended December 31, 1996 as compared to
25.1% in 1995. This decrease as a percentage of net patient revenue was
attributable to the Company's ability to maintain certain costs by improved
utilization of the Company's corporate office to support acquired facilities,
while increasing net revenues through acquisitions, internal growth and de novo
developments.
Provision for Doubtful Accounts.
Provision for doubtful accounts increased 39.1% to $6,621,122 for the year ended
December 31, 1996 from $4,760,678 for the same period in 1995. This increase was
a result of the additional net patient revenue generated from the acquisitions
that occurred in 1996. As a percentage of net patient revenue, the provision for
doubtful accounts has remained consistent at 2.8% for the year ended December
31, 1996 as compared to 2.9% for the same period in 1995.
Depreciation and Amortization Expense.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased 41.5% to $17,076,827 for the
year ended December 31, 1996 from $12,066,461 for the same period in 1995. The
increase in expense was attributable to the acquisitions completed between
October 1995 and September 1996, as well as the $16.3 million of capital
expenditures made in 1996. As a percentage of net patient revenue, depreciation
and amortization expense remained consistent at 7.3% for the years ending
December 31, 1996 and 1995.
Merger Expenses.
Merger expenses increased 34.5% to $2,808,247 for the year ended December 31,
1996 from $2,087,542 for the same period in 1995. For the year ending December
31, 1995, the merger expenses represented expenses incurred in connection with
the mergers with HCC and the Wichita Companies, which were completed on March 6,
1995 and August 1, 1995, respectively, and were accounted for under the pooling-
of-interests method of accounting. For the year ending December 31, 1996, merger
expenses were incurred in connection with the mergers with IMS, MDU and the
Group, which were completed on February 20, 1996, February 29, 1996 and July 23,
1996, respectively, and were accounted for under the pooling-of-interests method
of accounting. Merger expenses include investment banking, legal, accounting and
other fees and expenses.
Income from Operations.
Income from operations increased 43.5% to $35,615,177 for the year ended
December 31, 1996 from $24,820,322 for the same period in 1995. The increase was
due to the increase in net revenues from acquired businesses and same-center
growth, which was greater than the increases in patient care costs, general and
administrative expense and depreciation and amortization expense from such
acquired businesses.
Interest Expense.
Interest expense was $6,364,556 for the year ended December 31, 1996 as compared
to interest expense of $2,713,599 for the same period in 1995. The increase in
interest expense was attributable to the additional borrowings for the funding
of acquisitions that were completed in 1995 and 1996 that remained outstanding
through June 12, 1996 (at which time all amounts outstanding were repaid), as
well as the additional interest expense incurred as a result of the issuance by
the Company of $125,000,000 principal amount of 5 5/8% Convertible Subordinated
Notes due 2006 ("the Notes") on June 12, 1996.
Interest Income.
Interest income was $1,980,513 for the year ended December 31, 1996 as compared
to interest income of $156,150 for the same period in 1995. The increase in
interest income is due to the interest income earned on proceeds remaining from
the offering of the Notes after a portion of these proceeds were used to repay
all amounts then outstanding under the Credit Agreement.
-18-
<PAGE>
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED):
Provision for Income Taxes.
Provision for income taxes increased 56.5% to $11,940,869 for the year ended
December 31, 1996 from $7,632,069 for the same period in 1995. For the year
ended December 31, 1996, the Company's effective tax rate was 38.2%, compared to
an effective tax rate of 34.3% during the same period in 1995. The increase in
the effective rate was primarily attributable to a decrease in income derived
from S corporations acquired in pooling transactions in 1996 as compared to
1995. In addition, the Company recorded a one-time tax benefit of $325,000 in
the first quarter of 1995 as a result of the merger with HCC offset by a one-
time tax charge of $540,000 related to the merger with the Wichita Companies
recorded in the third quarter of 1995. For the year ended December 31, 1996, the
Company incurred a one-time tax charge of $85,350 related to the merger with MDU
recorded in the first quarter of 1996 as well as a one-time tax charge of
$300,000 related to the merger with the Group recorded in the third quarter of
1996. Refer to notes 2, 3 and 7 to the consolidated financial statements
included herein.
Net Income.
Net income increased 31.8% to $19,290,265 for the year ended December 31, 1996
from $14,630,804 for the same period in 1995. The increase was due to each of
the items discussed above.
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1995 COMPARED TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1994
Net Patient Revenue.
Net patient revenue for the year ended December 31, 1995 was $164,568,392 as
compared to $115,456,744 for the same period in 1994, representing an increase
of 42.5%. Of this increase, $6,178,946, or 12.6%, was attributable to the
revenue generated from the operations of eight centers and certain acute care
agreements acquired in three separate purchase transactions from March through
December 1995; and $25,442,934, or 51.8%, was attributable to the revenue
generated from the operations of various centers and acute care agreements
acquired in six separate purchase transactions from June 1994 through December
1994. Of the approximately $17,490,000 remaining, approximately $13,016,000 was
attributable to an increase in same-center treatments and approximately
$4,474,000 was attributable to an increase in the average same-center revenue
per treatment, which, in turn, was due to an increase in the administration of
EPO and other ancillary revenue items and an improvement in the Company's third
party payor mix.
Patient Care Costs.
Patient care costs increased 39.2% to $79,451,490 for the year ended December
31, 1995 from $57,095,740 for the same period in 1994. This increase was
primarily attributable to the various centers acquired from June 1994 through
October 1995. However, as a percentage of net patient revenue, patient care
costs decreased to 48.3% for the year ended December 31, 1995 from 49.5% for the
same period in 1994. This decrease was primarily related to the increase in net
revenue per treatment while costs remained relatively constant on a per
treatment basis.
General and Administrative Expense.
General and administrative expense for the year ended December 31, 1995
increased 26.9% to $41,381,899 from $32,621,992 for the same period in 1994.
This increase was due to the acquisitions completed from June 1994 through
October 1995. General and administrative expense as a percentage of net patient
revenue decreased to 25.1% for the year ended December 31, 1995 as compared to
28.3% for the same period in 1994. This decrease was primarily due to the
Company's ability to maintain certain costs by improved utilization of the
Company's corporate office to support acquired facilities. In addition, this
decrease was attributable to the increase in net revenue per treatment in 1995.
Provision for Doubtful Accounts.
Provision for doubtful accounts increased $1,639,661, or 52.5%, to $4,760,678
for the year ended December 31, 1995 from $3,121,017 for the same period in
1994. This increase was principally a result of the additional net patient
revenue generated from acquisitions that occurred in 1995. As a percentage of
net patient revenue, the provision for doubtful accounts increased to 2.9% for
the year ended December 31, 1995 from 2.7% for the same period in 1994.
Depreciation and Amortization Expense.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased 58.7% to $12,066,461 for the
year ended December 31, 1995 from $7,602,959 for the same period in 1994. As a
percentage of net patient revenue, depreciation and amortization expense
increased to 7.3% for the year ended December 31, 1995 from 6.6% for the same
period in 1994. The increases were due to the acquisitions noted from June 1994
through December 1995 and $7.9 million of capital expenditures completed during
1995.
Merger Expenses.
Merger expenses represent expenses incurred in connection with the mergers with
HCC and the Wichita Companies, which were completed on March 6, 1995 and August
1, 1995, respectively, and were accounted for under the pooling-of-interests
method of accounting. These expenses included investment banking, legal,
accounting and other fees and expenses. There were no pooling-of-interests
transactions in 1994.
-19-
<PAGE>
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED):
Income from Operations.
Income from operations increased 65.3% to $24,820,322 for the year ended
December 31, 1995 from $15,015,036 for the same period in 1994. The increase was
due to the increase in net revenues from acquired businesses and same-center
growth, which was greater than the increases in patient care costs, general and
administrative expense and depreciation and amortization expense related to such
acquired businesses.
Interest Expense.
Interest expense increased 125.5% to $2,713,599 for the year ended December 31,
1995 from $1,203,617 for the same period in 1994. The increase in interest
expense was attributable to the additional borrowings for the funding of
acquisitions that were completed in 1994 and 1995 that remained outstanding
throughout 1995.
Interest Income.
Interest income was $156,150 for the year ended December 31, 1995 as compared to
interest income of $555,515 for the same period in 1994. This decrease in
interest income resulted from the decrease in the average value of investments
held by the Company during 1995 when compared to 1994, as the Company used its
investments to fund certain acquisitions in 1995.
Provision for Income Taxes.
Provision for income taxes increased to $7,632,069 for the year ended December
31, 1995 from $4,316,014 for the same period in 1994. For the year ended
December 31, 1995, the Company's effective tax rate was 34.3% compared to an
effective tax rate of 30.0% in the same period in 1994. The increase in the
effective rate represents an overall increase in items not deductible for tax
purposes and a decrease in income derived from S corporations in 1995 as
compared to 1994. Refer to notes 2, 3, and 7 to the consolidated financial
statements included herein.
Net Income.
Net income increased 45.6% to $14,630,804 for the year ended December 31, 1995
from $10,050,920 for the same period in 1994. The increase was due to each of
the items discussed above.
QUARTERLY RESULTS
The following table presents selected unaudited quarterly operating results for
the Company for the eight quarters in the years ended December 31, 1995 and
1996. The Company believes that the following information includes all
adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair
presentation. Although the Company's revenues are not seasonal in nature,
quarterly revenues and profitability may be affected by other factors, including
quarterly variations in treatments performed, due to varying operating days by
quarter.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1996
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net patient revenue $37,749 $40,067 $41,996 $44,756 $50,550 $55,583 $63,115 $66,149
Operating costs
and expenses 29,702 30,865 31,590 33,436 39,210 42,214 48,272 50,201
Depreciation and
amortization expense 2,733 2,909 3,033 3,392 3,572 4,073 4,730 4,702
Merger expenses 1,588 --- 500 --- 1,708 --- 1,100 ---
Income from operations 3,726 6,293 6,874 7,927 6,060 9,296 9,013 11,246
Net income 2,503 3,874 3,546 4,708 3,293 5,317 4,481 6,199
Net income available to
common stockholders 2,578 3,946 3,614 4,776 3,361 5,380 4,534 6,252
Primary:
Weighted average common
and common stock
equivalents outstanding 22,014 22,105 22,865 22,836 24,761 25,066 25,235 25,221
Net income per share $0.11 $0.18 $0.16 $0.21 $0.13 $0.21 $0.18 $0.25
</TABLE>
-20-
<PAGE>
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED):
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The Company requires capital for the acquisition of dialysis centers, for the
expansion of operations of its existing dialysis centers, including the
replacement of equipment and addition of leasehold improvements, for the
integration of new centers into its system of existing dialysis services and for
meeting working capital requirements. Expenditures for acquisitions were
approximately $50.3 million, $11.6 million and $40.8 million for the years ended
December 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively. Capital expenditures were
approximately $5.2 million, $7.9 million and $16.3 million for the years ended
December 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively. The increase in capital
expenditures during 1996 resulted from the expansion of various existing
dialysis centers to support internal growth as well as the normal replacement of
equipment. Cash from operations before investing and financing activities was
approximately $4.3 million, $12.6 million and $12.5 million for the years ended
December 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively. The principal sources of the
Company's liquidity have been sales of debt and equity securities, bank and
other lines of credit and operating cash flow.
Capital expenditures of approximately $25.0 million, primarily for equipment
replacement and expansion of existing dialysis facilities, are planned in 1997.
The Company expects that such capital expenditures will be funded with cash
provided by operating activities and available lines of credit. The Company
believes that capital resources available to it will be sufficient to meet the
needs of its business, both on a short and long-term basis.
The Company's Credit Agreement provides for a $100,000,000 revolving credit/term
facility available to fund acquisitions and general working capital
requirements, of which no amounts and $33,675,000 were outstanding as of
December 31, 1996 and December 31, 1995, respectively. Prior to the amendment of
the Credit Agreement on June 5, 1996, the Credit Agreement also provided for a
term loan payable in quarterly installments, of which $3,750,000 was outstanding
as of December 31, 1995. On June 5, 1996, the Credit Agreement was amended to
increase the amount available under the line of credit from $68,125,000 to
$100,000,000 and to make certain other changes to the terms of the Credit
Agreement, including amendments to certain covenants, the amortization schedule,
the interest rates and the events of default. In connection with this amendment,
the $3,125,000 principal amount outstanding under the term loan as of June 5,
1996 was repaid through borrowings under the line of credit. The line of credit
converts into a term loan in September 1999 that is payable in 16 equal
quarterly installments commencing December 1999 through September 2003.
Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest, at the Company's option, at
either (i) the agent bank's base rate plus 0.25% if the ratio of the Company's
senior debt to annualized cash flow (the "Applicable Margin") is not less than
2.25 to 1, payable on a quarterly basis or (ii) a one-, two-, three-, or six-
month period LIBOR rate plus 0.75% to 1.75% depending upon the Applicable
Margin, payable at maturity. The weighted average interest rate of all loans
outstanding at December 31, 1995 was 7.4%. Loans under the Credit Agreement are
collateralized by the pledge of all the stock of the Company's subsidiaries and
the assignment of all intercompany notes.
The Company has historically expended the majority of its capital resources to
implement its growth strategy and the Company intends to pursue a strategy of
growth through the acquisition and development of dialysis centers. Management
estimates that the development of a new center, depending on its size, requires
approximately $500,000 to $1,000,000 for construction costs and the purchase of
certain furniture and equipment (leasing certain of the assets can decrease
initial cash outflow) and approximately $75,000 to $150,000 in working capital.
Acquisition of a dialysis center with an existing patient base typically
requires more capital investment, but each investment varies based on relative
size and other factors. No assurance can be given that the Company will be
successful in implementing its growth strategy or that adequate sources of
capital will be available on terms acceptable to the Company to pursue its
growth strategy in the future.
IMPACT OF INFLATION
A substantial portion of the Company's revenue is subject to reimbursement rates
which are regulated by the federal government and do not automatically adjust
for inflation. These reimbursement rates are adjusted periodically based on
certain factors, including legislation, executive and congressional budget
reduction and control processes, inflation and costs incurred in rendering the
services, but in the past have had little relationship to the actual cost of
doing business.
The Company can increase the amounts it bills only for those services provided
by its dialysis business that are not subject to the Medicare composite rate.
Increased operating costs that are subject to inflation, such as labor and
supply costs, without a compensating increase in reimbursement rates, may
adversely affect the Company's earnings in the future.
-21-
<PAGE>
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED):
NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In March 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 128 "Earnings Per Share." This
statement establishes standards for computing and presenting earnings per share
(EPS) and applies to entities with publicly held common stock or potential
common stock. This statement is effective for financial statements issued for
periods ending after December 15, 1997, and earlier application is not
permitted. This statement requires restatement of all prior-period EPS data
presented. The Company is currently evaluating the impact, if any, adoption of
SFAS No. 128 will have on its financial statements.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT FOR PURPOSES OF THE "SAFE HARBOR" PROVISIONS OF THE PRIVATE
SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995
With the exception of historical matters, the matters discussed in this
discussion and analysis are forward-looking statements that involve risks and
uncertainties. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation,
statements under "Liquidity and Capital Resources" relating to the Company's
planned capital expenditures for 1997 and management's estimates of the costs of
developing new dialysis centers. The Company wishes to caution readers that the
following factors, among others, could cause the Company's actual results to
differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements:
. Reductions in Medicare composite rates for dialysis treatments and
reimbursement rates for EPO, an interruption of the supply of EPO,
reductions in Medicaid reimbursement rates for dialysis treatments and
reductions in commercial reimbursement rates.
. Challenges to the Company's practices under applicable health care laws
or unanticipated changes in health care programs.
. The inability to obtain necessary financing on favorable terms for the
Company's growth strategy.
-22-
<PAGE>
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA:
Index
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Page
----
<S> <C>
Report of Independent Accountants............................................... F-1
Reports of Other Independent Accountants
Relied Upon by Independent Accountants..................................... F-2 - F-3
Financial Statements:
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 1995 and 1996.................. F-4
Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended
December 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996...................................... F-5
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the
years ended December 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996.......................... F-6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended
December 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996...................................... F-7
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements................................. F-8 - F-18
Financial Statement Schedules:
II. Valuation and Qualifying Accounts,
for the years ended December 31, 1996,
1995 and 1994.............................................................. F-19
</TABLE>
-23-
<PAGE>
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
Stockholders and Board of Directors
Renal Treatment Centers, Inc.
Berwyn, Pennsylvania
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Renal Treatment
Centers, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 1995 and 1996, and the related
consolidated statements of income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each
of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1996. Our audits also
included the financial statement schedule listed in the index on page 23 of this
Form 10-K. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial
statements based on our audits. We did not audit the financial statements of
Wichita Dialysis Group and Healthcare Corporation and Affiliates for the year
ended December 31, 1994. Such Companies were acquired by the Company in business
combinations which have both been accounted for using the pooling of interests
method of accounting, as described in Note 3 to the financial statements. The
financial statements for the Companies reflect 22 percent of total consolidated
net patient revenue for the year ended December 31, 1994. Those statements were
audited by other auditors whose reports have been furnished to us, and our
opinion, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for Wichita Dialysis
Group and Healthcare Corporation and Affiliates, is based solely on the reports
of the other auditors.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits and the reports of the other auditors provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, based on our audits and the reports of the other auditors, the
consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all
material respects, the consolidated financial position of Renal Treatment
Centers, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 1995 and 1996, and the
consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 1996, in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles. In addition, in our opinion, the financial
statement schedule referred to above, when considered in relation to the basic
financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects
the information required to be included therein.
COOPERS & LYBRAND L.L.P.
600 Lee Road
Wayne, Pennsylvania
February 7, 1997
F-1
<PAGE>
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
Board of Directors and Stockholder
Healthcare Corporation and Affiliates
Nashville, Tennessee
We have audited the accompanying combined statements of income, stockholder's
equity and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 1994 of Healthcare
Corporation and Affiliates (the "Company"). These combined financial statements
are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to
express an opinion on these combined financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards.
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable
assurance about whether the combined financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such combined financial statements present fairly, in all
material respects, the results of the Company's operations and its cash flows
for the year ended December 31, 1994 in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles.
/s/DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
- ------------------------
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Nashville, Tennessee
March 31, 1995
F-2
<PAGE>
Independent Accountants' Report
-------------------------------
The Shareholders
Wichita Dialysis Group
Wichita, Kansas
We have audited the accompanying combined balance sheets of WICHITA
DIALYSIS GROUP as of December 31, 1993 and 1994, and the related combined
statements of operations, changes in stockholders' equity and cash flows for
each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 1994. These financial
statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on
our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the combined financial statements referred to above present
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of WICHITA DIALYSIS
GROUP as of December 31, 1993 and 1994 and the results of its operations and its
cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 1994, in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/Baird, Kurtz & Dobson
- ------------------------
Baird, Kurtz & Dobson
July 14, 1995, except for Note 9 as to which the date is July 24, 1995
Wichita, Kansas
F-3
<PAGE>
Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. and Subsidiaries
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, 1995 and 1996
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1996
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash $ 8,231,421 $ 1,445,798
Investments - 41,202,123
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for
doubtful accounts of $3,503,744 in 1995 and $4,233,552 in 1996 51,996,618 79,138,388
Inventories 2,869,019 4,388,290
Deferred taxes 819,835 765,145
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 1,396,893 2,749,497
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total current assets 65,313,786 129,689,241
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Property and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation of $10,746,557 in 1995
and $19,691,015 in 1996) 21,442,421 39,578,245
Intangibles (net of accumulated amortization of $22,263,385 in 1995 and
$32,934,871 in 1996) 86,362,275 130,645,378
Deferred taxes, non-current 1,749,754 2,807,064
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total assets $174,868,236 $302,719,928
=============================================================================================================
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt $ 4,766,262 $ 12,369,365
Accounts payable 4,495,087 11,341,983
Accrued compensation 2,790,121 3,838,502
Accrued expenses 6,576,600 4,051,614
Accrued income taxes 2,218,692 164,535
Accrued interest 1,087,415 3,638,874
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total current liabilities 21,934,177 35,404,873
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Long-term debt, net 42,576,100 130,573,685
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized: none issued
Common stock, $.01 par value, 45,000,000 shares authorized: issued and
outstanding 22,209,689 shares in 1995 and 24,430,256 shares in 1996 222,097 244,303
Additional paid-in capital 83,257,068 87,890,138
Retained earnings 27,272,870 49,001,005
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
110,752,035 137,135,446
Less treasury stock, 37,202 shares in 1995 and 1996, at cost (394,076) (394,076)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total stockholders' equity 110,357,959 136,741,370
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $174,868,236 $302,719,928
=============================================================================================================
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-4
<PAGE>
Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. and Subsidiaries
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
for the years ended December 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1994 1995 1996
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net patient revenue $115,456,744 $164,568,392 $235,396,566
Patient care costs 57,095,740 79,451,490 114,803,209
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Operating profit 58,361,004 85,116,902 120,593,357
General and administrative expense 32,621,992 41,381,899 58,471,984
Provision for doubtful accounts 3,121,017 4,760,678 6,621,122
Depreciation and amortization expense 7,602,959 12,066,461 17,076,827
Merger expenses - 2,087,542 2,808,247
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income from operations 15,015,036 24,820,322 35,615,177
Interest expense 1,203,617 2,713,599 6,364,556
Interest income (555,515) (156,150) (1,980,513)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes 14,366,934 22,262,873 31,231,134
Provision for income taxes 4,316,014 7,632,069 11,940,869
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 10,050,920 $ 14,630,804 $ 19,290,265
=============================================================================================================
Primary per share data:
Net income per common and common stock
equivalent $0.47 $0.65 $0.77
Weighted average common and common stock
equivalents 21,161,243 22,412,733 25,067,900
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-5
<PAGE>
Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. and Subsidiaries
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
for the years ended December 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Additional
COMMON STOCK Paid-in Retained TREASURY STOCK
------------ --------------
Shares Amount Capital Earnings Shares Amount Total
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance, December 31, 1993 16,128,053 $161,281 $25,143,047 $ 5,563,576 - - $ 30,867,904
Issuance of common stock in
stock offering 4,789,000 47,890 51,053,601 51,101,491
Exercise of common stock
options 356,760 3,568 312,230 315,798
Issuance of common stock in
connection with purchase of
businesses 175,216 1,752 1,810,748 1,812,500
Acquisition of treasury stock (4,342) $ (47,219) (47,219)
Dividend distribution (1,473,100) (1,473,100)
Net income 10,050,920 10,050,920
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance, December 31, 1994 21,449,029 214,491 78,319,626 14,141,396 (4,342) (47,219) 92,628,294
Exercise of common stock
options 458,016 4,580 1,297,692 1,302,272
Issuance of common stock in
connection with purchase
of businesses 252,122 2,521 3,117,226 3,119,747
Issuance of common stock to
repay debt 50,522 505 522,524 523,029
Acquisition of treasury stock (32,860) (346,857) (346,857)
Dividend distribution (1,499,331) (1,499,331)
Net income 14,630,804 14,630,804
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance, December 31, 1995 22,209,689 222,097 83,257,068 27,272,870 (37,202) (394,076) 110,357,959
Exercise of common stock
options 263,531 2,635 3,071,113 3,073,748
Issuance of common stock in
connection with mergers 1,814,632 18,146 89,137 3,096,370 3,203,653
Issuance of common stock to
repay debt 142,404 1,424 1,472,820 1,474,244
Dividend distribution (658,500) (658,500)
Net income 19,290,265 19,290,265
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1996 24,430,256 $244,303 $87,890,138 $49,001,005 (37,202) $(394,076) $136,741,370
==================================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-6
<PAGE>
Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. and Subsidiaries
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
for the years ended December 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1994 1995 1996
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $ 10,050,920 $ 14,630,804 $ 19,290,265
Adjustments to reconcile net income to
net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 7,701,587 12,131,465 17,120,149
Deferred income taxes (497,251) (1,506,643) (409,936)
Provision for doubtful accounts 3,121,017 4,760,678 6,621,122
Gain on sale of equipment (2,974) - -
Equity in (earnings) losses from affiliate (96,312) (266,592) 15,910
Changes in operating assets and liabilities,
net of effects of companies acquired:
Accounts receivable (19,065,267) (19,444,635) (30,419,931)
Inventories (260,546) (117,157) (1,054,213)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (506,876) 99,673 (1,167,162)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 4,365,037 585,345 4,579,714
Accrued income taxes (475,071) 1,747,000 (2,054,157)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash provided by operating activities 4,334,264 12,619,938 12,521,761
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures (5,198,350) (7,899,143) (16,319,461)
Purchase of businesses, net of cash acquired (50,323,267) (11,646,992) (40,791,079)
Purchase of investments (38,500,000) - (55,311,044)
Sale of investments 38,588,696 2,661,944 14,108,921
Other (1,214,875) (1,904,962) (3,254,313)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash used in investing activities (56,647,796) (18,789,153) (101,566,976)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from long-term debt borrowings 18,045,175 19,621,000 30,500,000
Proceeds from issuance of 5 5/8% Convertible
Subordinated Notes due 2006 - - 121,250,000
Repayments of debt (14,032,771) (7,355,102) (70,760,938)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock 51,612,289 1,302,272 3,073,748
Payment of dividend distribution (1,473,295) (1,499,331) (658,500)
Increase in financing fees (282,609) - -
Payments on capital lease obligations (13,846) (450,984) (1,144,718)
Other 581,195 - -
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash provided by financing activities 54,436,138 11,617,855 82,259,592
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 2,122,606 5,448,640 (6,785,623)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 660,175 2,782,781 8,231,421
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 2,782,781 $ 8,231,421 $ 1,445,798
======================================================================================================
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-7
<PAGE>
Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. and Subsidiaries
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. (the "Company") was incorporated in Delaware on
August 11, 1988 for the purpose of providing dialysis services for End Stage
Renal Disease ("ESRD") patients in an outpatient environment or in the patient's
home. Additionally, the Company has acquired or entered into inpatient dialysis
service agreements with hospitals to provide dialysis treatments on an inpatient
basis.
For the years ended December 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996, approximately 73%, 68% and
62%, respectively, of the Company's net patient revenue was received from
Medicare and Medicaid and other state administered programs. Accordingly, the
Company's operations and cash flows are dependent upon the rate and manner of
payment for patient services from third party payors and, in particular, federal
and state administered programs.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation:
In February 1996, the Company acquired, through two separate transactions,
Intercontinental Medical Services, Inc. ("IMS") and Midwest Dialysis Unit and
its affiliates (collectively "MDU"). Each of the transactions was separately
accounted for as a pooling-of-interests. The consolidated financial statements
of the Company include the results of IMS and MDU as of January 1, 1996. Prior
year financial statements have not been restated to reflect these transactions
because the impact on the Company's financial statements of such transactions is
not material.
In July 1996, the Company acquired Panama City Artificial Kidney Center, Inc.
and North Florida Artificial Kidney Center, Inc. (collectively "the Group").
The transaction was accounted for as a pooling-of-interests. Accordingly, the
consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared to give
retroactive effect to the merger with the Group, since this transaction, when
combined with the MDU and IMS pooling transactions, was deemed to be a material
transaction.
Certain amounts included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements
and related footnotes reflect the use of estimates based on assumptions made by
management. Actual amounts could differ from these estimates.
Certain amounts in the prior year financial statements have been reclassified to
conform to the current year presentation.
Principles of Consolidation:
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles and include the accounts of the Company
and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and
transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Patient Revenue and Allowances:
Patient revenue is recorded at established rates on the accrual basis in the
period during which the service is provided. Appropriate allowances to give
recognition to third-party arrangements are also recorded on the accrual basis.
Payments to the Company under Medicare and Medicaid and other state administered
programs are based upon a predetermined specific fee per treatment.
The Company does not believe there are any significant credit risks associated
with receivables from Medicare and Medicaid and other state administered
programs. The allowance for doubtful accounts consists of management's estimate
of amounts that may prove uncollectible from secondary insurers or patients.
Patient Care Costs:
Patient care costs include medical supplies, including Erythropoietin ("EPO")
supplies, and salaries and benefits associated directly with patient care.
Inventories:
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (determined using the first-in,
first-out method) or market and consist of dialysis supplies and prescription
drugs, such as EPO.
Property and Equipment and Depreciation and Amortization:
Property and equipment are stated at cost or respective fair market value at the
time of acquisition. Equipment under capital lease is stated at the lower of
the fair market value or net present value of the minimum lease payments at
inception of the lease. Depreciation and amortization are provided by the
straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets or
lease terms for leasehold improvements and equipment under capital lease. The
estimated useful life is five to seven years for furniture, fixtures and
equipment, 39 years for buildings, and five to ten years for leasehold
improvements. Costs of maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as
incurred. Sales and retirements of depreciable assets are recorded by removing
the related cost and accumulated depreciation from the accounts. Gains and
losses on sales and retirements of assets are reflected in the results of
operations.
F-8
<PAGE>
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED):
Intangibles:
Goodwill:
Goodwill, the excess of aggregate purchase price over the fair value of the net
assets of businesses acquired, is amortized on a straight-line basis,
principally over 25 years.
Patient Lists:
Patient lists, arising from the purchase of renal dialysis centers, are stated
at cost and amortized over eight years using the straight-line method.
Non-Compete Agreements:
Non-compete agreements, arising from acquisitions, are stated at cost and
amortized over the terms of the agreements, on a straight-line basis, over
periods from three to 11 years.
Other Intangibles:
Other intangibles consist of debt issuance costs, inpatient dialysis service
agreements, deferred financing costs and organization costs and are stated at
cost and amortized over five to 11 years using the straight-line method.
Management evaluates intangible assets for possible impairment whenever events
or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may
not be recoverable. This evaluation is based on certain financial indicators,
such as historical and future ability to generate income from operations.
Income Taxes:
The Company and its subsidiaries file a consolidated federal tax return and
separate company state tax returns. Income taxes are provided for under the
liability method in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes" ("SFAS No. 109"). Under the liability
method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences of
differences between amounts reported for financial reporting and income tax
purposes by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to future years to
such differences. Deferred taxes result primarily from temporary differences
arising from a difference between the book life and the tax life of certain
assets. Under SFAS No. 109, the effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax
rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
Federal (and state, where applicable) income taxes for HCC and the Wichita
Companies (which are later defined) and IMS, MDU and the Group prior to their
acquisition by the Company were payable personally by the stockholders of IMS,
MDU and the Group pursuant to S corporation elections under the Internal Revenue
Code.
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist primarily of prepaid
insurance, rent, various taxes and other current assets.
Accrued Expenses:
Accrued expenses consist principally of uninvoiced inventory, accrued insurance
and other miscellaneous accruals.
Estimated Medical Professional Liability Claims:
The Company is insured for medical professional liability claims through a
commercial insurance policy. It is the Company's policy that a provision for
estimated premium adjustments to medical professional liability costs be made
for asserted and unasserted claims and based upon the Company's experience.
Provision for such professional liability claims includes estimates of the
ultimate costs of such claims. To date, the Company's experience with such
claims has not been significant. Accordingly, no such provision has been made.
Cash Equivalents:
For the purpose of reporting cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid
investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash
equivalents. The cash of the Company is principally held by one financial
institution.
Investments:
Investments were comprised of investments in corporate bonds and government and
government agency securities. Investment income is recognized when earned and
realized gains and losses are recognized on a trade date basis, computed based
on original cost. The investments are stated at cost, which approximates fair
market value. All investments were managed by one financial institution.
Subsequent to December 31, 1996, all investments were liquidated, resulting in
an immaterial realized gain.
F-9
<PAGE>
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED):
Primary Earnings per Share:
Primary earnings per share are computed by dividing net income by the weighted
average number of shares of common stock and common stock equivalents
outstanding during the period.
Fully Diluted Earnings per Share:
Net income per common and common stock equivalents on a fully diluted basis are
as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1994 1995 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Fully diluted:
Net income per common and common stock equivalent $ 0.47 $ 0.64 $ 0.76
Weighted average common and common stock equivalents
outstanding 21,215,273 23,401,085 25,653,864
</TABLE>
Fully diluted earnings per share for 1994 are computed by dividing net income by
the weighted average number of shares of common stock and common stock
equivalents outstanding during the period. Fully diluted earnings per share for
1995 and 1996 are computed by dividing net income, increased by the tax effected
interest on an earn-out note, by the weighted average number of shares of common
stock and common stock equivalents outstanding during the period. The
calculation of fully diluted earnings per share for 1996 does not include
certain securities related to the Notes offering by the Company since these
securities are anti-dilutive. Fully diluted earnings per share also reflect
additional dilution related to common stock options due to the use of the market
price at the end of the period, when higher than the average price for the
period.
3. BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS:
During the fiscal years 1996 and 1995, the Company completed the following five
mergers. There were no mergers in 1994.
Merger with the Group:
On July 23, 1996, the Company acquired the Group. The two dialysis facilities
acquired are located in Florida and serviced a total of approximately 185
patients as of the acquisition date. The transaction was accounted for under
the pooling-of-interests method of accounting. In the transaction, the Company
issued 482,377 shares of its common stock in exchange for all of the outstanding
stock of the Group. The acquisition was structured as a merger of the Group
into a subsidiary of the Company.
Merger with MDU:
On February 29, 1996, the Company acquired MDU. The 11 dialysis facilities
acquired are located in Oklahoma and serviced approximately 317 patients as of
the acquisition date. The transaction was accounted for under the pooling-of-
interests method of accounting. In the transaction, the Company issued 767,168
shares of its common stock in exchange for all of the outstanding stock of MDU.
The acquisition was structured as a merger of MDU into a subsidiary of the
Company.
Merger with IMS:
On February 20, 1996, the Company acquired IMS. The four dialysis facilities
acquired are located in Hawaii and serviced a total of approximately 444
patients as of the acquisition date. The transaction was accounted for under
the pooling-of-interests method of accounting. In the transaction, the Company
issued 1,047,464 shares of its common stock in exchange for all of the
outstanding stock of IMS. The acquisition was structured as a merger of IMS
into a subsidiary of the Company.
Merger with The Wichita Companies:
On July 25, 1995, with an effective date of August 1, 1995, the Company acquired
Wichita Dialysis Center, P.A., Southeast Kansas Dialysis Center, P.A., Garden
City Dialysis Center, P.A. and Wichita Dialysis Center, East, P.A. (the "Wichita
Companies"). All of the facilities acquired are located in Kansas and serviced
approximately 355 patients as of the acquisition date. The transaction was
accounted for under the pooling-of-interests method of accounting. In the
transaction, the Company issued 1,558,920 shares of its common stock in exchange
for all of the outstanding stock of the Wichita Companies. The acquisition was
structured as a merger of the Wichita Companies into a subsidiary of the
Company.
Merger with HCC:
On March 6, 1995, the Company completed its acquisition of Healthcare
Corporation and its affiliates (collectively, "HCC"). The 13 facilities
acquired from HCC are located in Missouri, Illinois, North Carolina, Florida and
Washington, D.C. and serviced approximately 720 patients as of the acquisition
date. The transaction was accounted for under the pooling-of-interests method
of accounting. In the transaction, the Company issued 2,292,222 shares of its
common stock in exchange for all of the outstanding stock of HCC. The
acquisition was structured as a merger of HCC into several subsidiaries of the
Company.
F-10
<PAGE>
3. BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS (CONTINUED):
The consolidated financial statements give retroactive effect to the mergers
with the Group, the Wichita Companies and HCC and include the combined
operations of the Company, the Group, the Wichita Companies, and HCC for all
periods presented. The consolidated financial statements include the operations
of IMS and MDU as of January 1, 1996. The following is a summary of the separate
and combined results of operations for periods prior to the mergers (dollars in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Renal Treatment
Centers, Inc. Pooling
(Prior to Poolings) Companies* Combined
------------------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
For the year ended December 31,
1996
Net patient revenue $227,849 $ 7,548 $235,397
Income from operations 34,435 1,180 35,615
Net income 18,593 697 19,290
1995
Net patient revenue $150,467 $14,101 $164,568
Income from operations 23,319 1,501 24,820
Net income 13,239 1,392 14,631
1994
Net patient revenue $ 86,520 $28,937 $115,457
Income from operations 12,343 2,672 15,015
Net income 7,558 2,493 10,051
</TABLE>
*Includes pooling transactions only for period prior to acquisition. Activity
subsequent to acquisition dates is included in Renal Treatment Centers, Inc.
(Prior to Poolings).
The acquisitions described below have been accounted for under the purchase
method. The results of these acquisitions have been included in the results of
operations from the applicable acquisition dates. The purchase price of the
acquisitions has been principally allocated to fixed assets, patient lists, non-
compete agreements and goodwill. Goodwill, which is the excess of the purchase
price over the fair value of net assets, was approximately $76,058,555 and is
being amortized on a straight line basis over 25 years.
1996 Acquisitions:
During 1996, the Company acquired 10 dialysis centers, including several acute
care contracts, in New Jersey, Georgia, Pennsylvania, Alabama, Oklahoma and the
Republic of Argentina for approximately $40,791,000 in cash and the incurrence
and assumption of approximately $9,201,000 of liabilities. The acquisitions
included substantially all of the non-current assets and certain current assets
and the assumption of certain liabilities and capital leases of the centers.
1995 Acquisitions:
During 1995, the Company acquired nine dialysis centers, including several acute
care contracts, in Indiana, Ohio, Texas, Florida and Nebraska for approximately
$11,600,000 in cash, 302,644 shares of unregistered common stock, valued at
approximately $3,642,776 at the respective dates of acquisition, and the
assumption of approximately $118,000 of liabilities. The acquisitions included
substantially all of the non-current assets and certain current assets and the
assumption of certain liabilities and capital leases of the centers.
1994 Acquisitions:
During 1994, the Company acquired 17 dialysis centers, including several acute
care contracts, in Oklahoma, Colorado, Wyoming, New Jersey, Virginia,
Pennsylvania and Texas for approximately $50,300,000 in cash, 175,216 shares of
unregistered common stock, valued at approximately $1,812,500 at the respective
dates of acquisition, and the assumption of approximately $1,200,000 of
liabilities. The acquisitions included substantially all of the non-current
assets and certain current assets and the assumption of various liabilities and
capital lease obligations of the centers. Additionally, certain purchase
agreements included provisions whereby additional purchase price may be required
if the centers attain certain financial results during a specified period.
Refer to note 6 to consolidated financial statements for discussion of a note
issued in connection with an acquisition.
F-11
<PAGE>
3. BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS (CONTINUED):
The following unaudited pro forma information combines the consolidated results
of operations of the Company and the companies acquired in the acquisitions that
were accounted for under the purchase method during 1995 and 1996 as if they had
occurred on January 1, 1995:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(Unaudited)
1995 1996
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Net patient revenue $192,497,000 $252,394,000
Income from operations 27,341,000 39,721,000
Net income 17,164,000 20,983,000
Net income per share $ 0.77 $ 0.84
</TABLE>
The pro forma results do not necessarily represent results that would have
occurred if these acquisitions had taken place at the beginning of each period,
nor are they indicative of the results of future combined operations.
4. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT:
A summary of property and equipment and related accumulated depreciation as of
December 31, 1995 and 1996 is as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Furniture, fixtures and equipment $20,775,057 $37,340,616
Leasehold improvements 7,427,458 14,699,276
Capital leases 3,161,693 5,679,063
Building 724,704 1,450,239
Land 100,066 100,066
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
32,188,978 59,269,260
Less accumulated depreciation 10,746,557 19,691,015
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$21,442,421 $39,578,245
===============================================================================
</TABLE>
Capital leases primarily consist of dialysis equipment. Depreciation expense
was $2,152,110, $3,846,294 and $6,601,223 for the years ended December 31, 1994,
1995 and 1996, respectively.
5. INTANGIBLE ASSETS:
Intangible assets consist of goodwill and other identifiable intangibles. A
summary of intangible assets and related accumulated amortization as of December
31, 1995 and 1996 is as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Goodwill $ 59,605,978 $ 92,416,850
Patient lists 33,572,193 45,354,310
Non-compete agreements 10,048,195 16,005,803
Other intangibles, principally debt issuance costs 5,399,294 9,803,286
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
108,625,660 163,580,249
Less accumulated amortization 22,263,385 32,934,871
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 86,362,275 $130,645,378
================================================================================
</TABLE>
Intangible assets principally arose from acquisitions. Amortization expense was
$5,450,849, $8,220,167 and $10,475,604 for the years ended December 31, 1994,
1995 and 1996, respectively.
F-12
<PAGE>
6. DEBT:
Debt as of December 31, 1995 and 1996 consists of:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1996
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Term loan payable in quarterly installments of $625,000 $ 3,750,000 $ -
Revolving credit/term facility payable in 16 equal quarterly
installments 33,675,000 -
Note, 6.5% payable to The Dialysis Centers Limited
Liability Company in four annual installments of
variable amounts commencing on June 1, 1995 6,627,690 5,154,870
Note, 5.5% payable to Columbus Regional Dialysis Center, Inc.
in one installment due January 1997 - 3,622,500
Note, 5.5% payable to Phenix City Nephrology Referral Center, Inc.
in one installment due January 1997 - 4,427,500
Term loans payable in monthly installments of $15,912 1,041,576 -
Convertible Subordinated Notes, 5 5/8%, due 2006 - 125,000,000
Other - 1,144,297
Capital lease obligations 2,291,418 3,593,883
Unamortized debt discount (43,322) -
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
47,342,362 142,943,050
Less current portion (4,766,262) (12,369,365)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$42,576,100 $130,573,685
===================================================================================================
</TABLE>
The Company's Credit Agreement provides for a $100,000,000 revolving credit/term
facility available to fund acquisitions and general working capital
requirements, of which no amounts and $33,675,000 were outstanding as of
December 31, 1996 and December 31, 1995, respectively. Prior to the amendment
of the Credit Agreement on June 5, 1996, the Credit Agreement also provided for
a term loan payable in quarterly installments, of which $3,750,000 was
outstanding as of December 31, 1995. On June 5, 1996, the Credit Agreement was
amended to increase the amount available under the revolving credit facility
from $68,125,000 to $100,000,000 and to make certain other changes to the terms
of the Credit Agreement, including amendments to certain covenants, the
amortization schedule, the interest rates and the events of default. In
connection with this amendment, the $3,125,000 principal amount outstanding
under the term loan as of June 5, 1996 was repaid through borrowings under the
revolving credit facility. The Company must pay an annual commitment fee on the
average daily unutilized commitment in the amount of .25% - .35%, determined by
the Company's ratio of senior debt to annualized cash flow (the "Applicable
Margin"). Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest, at the Company's
option, at either (i) the agent bank's base rate plus 0.25% if the Applicable
Margin is not less than 2.25 to 1, payable on a quarterly basis or (ii) a one-,
two-, three-, or six-month period LIBOR rate plus 0.75% to 1.75% depending upon
the Applicable Margin, payable at maturity. The weighted average interest rate
of all loans outstanding at December 31, 1995 was 7.4%.
The Credit Agreement also provides for the issuance of letters of credit up to
$5,000,000 provided that the aggregate of all outstanding letters of credit plus
the outstanding aggregate principal amount of all revolving credit/term loans
does not exceed the lesser of the total revolving credit/term commitment or the
patient borrowing base, as defined in the Credit Agreement, at such time. As of
December 31, 1995 and 1996, there were no letters of credit outstanding.
The loans are collateralized by all stock of the Company's subsidiaries and the
assignment of all intercompany notes. The Credit Agreement limits additional
indebtedness, acquisitions, investments and dividends and requires the Company
to comply with certain other covenants and maintain certain financial ratios.
The dividend distributions presented in the Consolidated Statement of
Stockholders' Equity in 1994, 1995 and 1996 were paid to the former stockholders
of HCC, the Wichita Companies and the Group and were not subject to the Credit
Agreement limitation on dividend payments.
In June 1996, the Company issued $125,000,000 of 5 5/8% Convertible Subordinated
Notes due 2006 (the "Notes") . The Notes are convertible, at the option of the
holder, at any time after August 12, 1996 through maturity, unless previously
redeemed or repurchased, into Common Stock at a conversion price of $34.20
principal amount per share, subject to certain adjustments. The fair value of
the Notes was approximately $120,625,000 at December 31, 1996. At any time on
or after July 17, 1999, all or any part of the Notes will be redeemable at the
Company's option on at least 15 and not more than 60 days notice as a whole or,
from time to time, in part at prices ranging from 103.94% to 100.00% of the
principal amount thereof, depending on the year of redemption, together with
accrued interest to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption.
In June 1994, pursuant to a business acquisition, the Company entered into an
agreement to pay the Seller, The Dialysis Centers Limited Liability Company,
$7,364,100, payable in annual installments commencing June 1995 through June
1998. Interest on the unpaid principal amount of the note accrues at an annual
rate of 6.50%, payable in arrears each June 1 from 1995 through 1998. The note
allows the Seller to convert the principal amount of the note into that number
of shares of common stock of the Company which shall be equal to the quotient of
the outstanding unpaid principal amount of the note divided by the average daily
closing sale price of
F-13
<PAGE>
6. DEBT (CONTINUED):
the stock during December, 1994 ($10.3425 per share, outstanding balance
convertible into 498,416 shares of common stock at December 31, 1996). The fair
value of the Company's 6.50% Note was approximately $12,709,608 at December 31,
1996.
The term loans are the result of four separate agreements (the "Group
Agreements") entered into by the Group with two banks. The Group Agreements
provided for a total of $1,350,000 in term loans and a $350,000 revolving line
of credit. Subsequent to the consummation of the merger with the Group as
described in notes 2 and 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company
paid off all of the indebtedness related to the Group Agreements.
In September 1996, pursuant to a business acquisition, the Company entered into
an agreement to pay the Sellers, Columbus Regional Dialysis Center, Inc. and
Phenix City Nephrology Referral Center, Inc., a total of $8,050,000 in one
installment on January 3, 1997. Interest on the principal amount of the note
accrues at an annual rate of 5.5% payable January 3, 1997.
Unless otherwise noted above, the carrying amount of long term debt approximates
its fair value.
Maturities of debt outstanding, excluding capital leases, as of December 31,
1996 for each of the next five years is as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year
-------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
1997 $11,403,527
1998 2,945,640
1999 -
2000 -
2001 -
</TABLE>
7. INCOME TAXES:
The provision for income taxes for the years ending December 31, 1994, 1995 and
1996 consists of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1994 1995 1996
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Current:
Federal $4,327,339 $ 8,330,951 $11,283,513
State and local 485,926 807,761 1,197,329
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4,813,265 9,138,712 12,480,842
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deferred:
Federal (447,584) (1,372,961) (491,376)
State and local (49,667) (133,682) (48,597)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(497,251) (1,506,643) (539,973)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$4,316,014 $ 7,632,069 $11,940,869
===============================================================================================================
</TABLE>
The tax effects of temporary differences which comprise the net deferred tax
asset are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
-----------
1995 1996
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
Deferred tax debits:
Allowance for doubtful accounts $ 780,978 $ 751,525
Intangibles, principally patient lists 2,926,430 5,241,100
Property and equipment 178,417 -
Other 38,857 13,620
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3,924,682 6,006,245
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deferred tax credits:
Property and equipment - (164,806)
Goodwill (1,355,093) (2,269,230)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1,355,093) (2,434,036)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net deferred tax asset $ 2,569,589 $3,572,209
==================================================================================================
</TABLE>
F-14
<PAGE>
7. INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED):
The following is a reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rates to
the effective rates as a percentage of income before provision for income taxes
as reported in the financial statements for the years ended December 31, 1994,
1995 and 1996:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1994 1995 1996
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. federal income tax rate 34.2% 35.0% 35.0%
State income taxes, net of federal
income tax benefit 2.4% 2.4% 2.5%
Non-tax effected items,
principally intangibles 0.8% 1.8% 1.7%
Federal and state income tax
benefit from S corporation status of HCC,
the Wichita Companies and the Group (6.4%) (3.5%) (0.9%)
Other (1.0%) (1.4%) (0.1%)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Effective income tax rate 30.0% 34.3% 38.2%
==================================================================================================
</TABLE>
8. BENEFIT AND COMPENSATION PLANS:
The Company has a defined contribution savings plan covering substantially all
employees. The Company's contributions under the plan were approximately
$388,497, $462,004, and $548,471 for the years ended December 31, 1994, 1995
and 1996, respectively.
In September 1990, the Company established a stock plan, pursuant to which
incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options may be issued to
employees and others through the year 2000. The Company applies APB Opinion No.
25 and related Interpretations in accounting for its stock plan. FASB Statement
No. 123 "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" ("SFAS 123") was issued by the
FASB in 1995 and, if fully adopted by the Company, changes the method for
recognition of cost on stock plans. Although the Company has elected not to
adopt the cost recognition requirements under SFAS 123, pro-forma disclosures as
if the Company had adopted the requirements beginning in 1995 are presented
below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Net earnings - as reported $14,630,804 $19,290,265
Net earnings - pro-forma 13,346,069 15,047,254
Earnings per share - as reported 0.65 0.77
Earnings per share - pro-forma $ 0.60 $ 0.60
</TABLE>
The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the
Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average
assumptions for options granted in 1995 and 1996: expected volatility of 29.3%
regardless of varying expected terms; no dividend payments are made for the
expected terms; expected term of 3 years for options that vest over time and 3
years for options which vest immediately; risk-free interest rate on the date of
grant with the maturity equal to the expected term; exercise price equal to the
fair market value on grant date.
Incentive stock options may be granted at an exercise price not less than the
fair market value of the Company's common stock on the date of grant. Non-
qualified stock options may be granted at an exercise price not less than the
lower of the book value of the Company's common stock or 50% of the fair market
value per share of common stock on the date of grant. Accordingly, compensation
expense for the difference between the fair market value and the exercise price
for non-qualified stock options issued is recorded over the vesting period of
such options.
In 1995 and 1996, the stock plan was amended to increase the number of shares
available for grant to 2,437,000 and 3,237,000 shares, respectively. In
addition, the Company established an option plan for outside directors pursuant
to which non-qualified stock options to purchase up to 60,000 shares may be
issued to non-employee directors of the Company. These options may be granted
at an exercise price not less than the fair market value of the Company's common
stock on the date of grant.
In February 1994, the Company granted 170,000 incentive stock options to certain
officers and employees of the Company. These options were granted at an
exercise price equal to the fair market value of the Company's common stock on
the date of grant. These options vest over the next two years.
In May 1995, the Company granted 419,144 incentive stock options to certain
directors, officers and employees of the Company. These options were granted at
an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the Company's common stock
on the date of the grant. These options vest over the next three years.
Certain options totalling 305,000 vest upon the earlier of attainment of
predetermined earnings per share targets or nine years.
F-15
<PAGE>
8. BENEFIT AND COMPENSATION PLANS (CONTINUED):
In March 1996, the Company granted 615,332 incentive stock options to certain
directors, officers and employees of the Company. These options were granted at
an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the Company's common stock
on the date of the grant. These options vest over the next four years. Certain
options aggregating 173,332 vest upon the earlier of attainment of predetermined
earnings per share targets or ten years.
In December 1996, the Company granted 100,000 incentive stock options to an
officer of the Company. These options were granted at an exercise price equal
to the fair market value of the Company's common stock on the date of the grant.
The options are fully vested.
Also in December 1996, the Company granted 30,000 non-qualified stock options in
connection with the release of the Company from certain obligations. The
options were granted at an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the
Company's common stock on the date of grant. The options are fully vested, with
the exceptions of options for 10,000 shares, which vest no later than January
1998.
Approximately $50,000 per year was recorded as compensation expense during 1994
and 1995, in connection with incentive and non-qualified options to officers of
the Company, which have been amortized over the remaining vesting period.
Certain options outstanding at December 31, 1996, which were issued to certain
officers and employees of the Company, become fully vested upon certain sales of
assets, mergers and consolidations involving the Company, as set forth in the
respective employee and stock option agreements. The remaining options
outstanding at December 31, 1996, which are issued to certain officers and
employees of the Company, become fully vested upon certain sales of assets,
mergers and consolidations involving the Company, at the option of the Stock
Plan Committee.
The following is a summary of option transactions and exercise prices:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Number of Price Per
Shares Share
<S> <C> <C>
Outstanding at December 31, 1994 1,301,270 $0.055-$11.25
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
Granted 419,144 $11.50-$16.75
Exercised (458,016) $0.005-$11.25
Outstanding at December 31, 1995 1,262,398 $ 5.25-$11.50
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Granted 745,332 $21.81-$26.25
Exercised (263,531) $ 5.25-$21.81
Outstanding at December 31, 1996 1,744,199 $ 5.25-$26.25
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exercisable at December 31, 1996 724,272
=========================================================================
</TABLE>
9. CAPITAL STOCK:
On January 30, 1996, the Board of Directors of the Company declared a dividend
on the Company's common stock of one share of common stock for each share
outstanding, thereby effecting a 2-for-1 stock split. The dividend shares were
issued on March 14, 1996 to stockholders of record as of February 29, 1996.
Additionally, on February 29, 1996, the Company amended its capital structure to
increase the Company's authorized capital to 45,000,000 shares of $0.01 par
value common stock and 5,000,000 shares of $.01 par value Series Preferred
Stock. All references in the financial statements to outstanding and authorized
common shares, average number of shares outstanding and related prices, per
share amounts and stock plan data have been restated to reflect the split
effected by the stock dividend.
F-16
<PAGE>
10. LEASING ARRANGEMENTS:
The Company leases certain of its operating facilities, corporate office and
furniture and equipment under non-cancelable leases for terms ranging from four
to ten years with certain renewal options. Certain of these facilities are
leased by the Company from medical directors.
Future minimum lease payments as of December 31, 1996, are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Third-party Operating Leases
Capital Operating with Medical
Leases Leases Directors
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
1997 $1,221,616 $ 6,108,929 $ 1,637,146
1998 1,535,510 5,774,992 1,649,447
1999 1,139,521 5,704,805 1,477,600
2000 171,236 5,328,609 1,469,543
2001 and thereafter - 29,460,511 5,771,086
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total minimum lease payments $4,067,883 $52,377,846 $12,004,822
Less amount representing interest 474,001
- -----------------------------------------------------------==================================
Present value of net minimum payments under
capital leases $3,593,883
Less current portion 965,838
- ---------------------------------------------------------
$2,628,045
=========================================================
</TABLE>
Rent expense paid to third parties under operating leases was $3,270,066,
$4,921,026 and $5,497,285 for the years ended December 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996,
respectively. Rent expense paid to medical directors under facility operating
leases was $832,454, $1,030,208 and $1,350,253 for the years ended December 31,
1994, 1995 and 1996 respectively.
11. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES:
The Company has entered into long-term compensation agreements with the medical
directors of each dialysis facility. The agreements range from one to ten years
with certain agreements containing one to ten year options to renew. The
agreements provide for total annual compensation as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Physician Director
Year Compensation
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
1996 $ 7,615,205
1997 8,349,101
1998 8,004,982
1999 6,818,381
2000and thereafter 28,459,671
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total minimum payments $59,247,340
========================================================================
</TABLE>
The Company has employment agreements with seven officers. These agreements
provide for total annual compensation of $1,265,000 and provide that in the
event any payment or benefit received by any of them in connection with a change
of control is deemed an "excess parachute payment" under the Internal Revenue
Code, the Company shall pay the officer a cash bonus equal to any additional tax
liability imposed upon him as a result.
The Company is a party to certain legal actions arising in the ordinary course
of business. The Company believes it has adequate legal defenses and/or
insurance coverage for these actions and that the ultimate outcome of these
actions will not have a material adverse impact on the Company's results of
operations, financial condition or liquidity.
F-17
<PAGE>
12. SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information for the years ended December
31, 1994, 1995 and 1996 is as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1994 1995 1996
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cash paid for:
Interest $1,090,192 $2,177,255 $ 3,609,972
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income taxes $4,857,551 $5,680,430 $17,198,434
=================================================================================================
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Capital lease obligations entered into $ 542,032 $2,081,699 $ 2,553,368
=================================================================================================
Issuance of common stock in connection with purchase
of business $1,812,500 $3,119,747 $ -
=================================================================================================
Earnout note issued in connection with purchase
of business $7,364,100 $ $ -
=================================================================================================
Acquisition of treasury stock in connection with
payroll taxes resulting from exercise of stock
options $ 47,219 $ 346,857 $ -
=================================================================================================
Issuance of short term notes in connection
with purchases of businesses $ - $ $ 9,194,297
=================================================================================================
Issuance of common stock in connection
with the IMS and MDU mergers $ - $ - $ 3,203,653
=================================================================================================
Financing fees incurred in the Notes offering $ - $ - $ 3,750,000
=================================================================================================
</TABLE>
F-18
<PAGE>
Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. and Subsidiaries
SCHEDULE II
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
BALANCE AT ADDITIONS
BEGINNING CHARGED TO COSTS BALANCE AT
DESCRIPTION OF YEAR AND EXPENSES DEDUCTIONS END OF YEAR
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Year ended December 31, 1996:
(1)
Allowance for doubtful receivables $3,503,744 $6,621,122 $5,891,314 $4,233,552
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year ended December 31, 1995:
(1)
Allowance for doubtful receivables $2,306,556 $4,760,678 $3,563,490 $3,503,744
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year ended December 31, 1994:
(1)
Allowance for doubtful receivables $1,123,211 $3,121,017 $1,937,672 $2,306,556
==============================================================================================
</TABLE>
(1) Amounts represent writeoffs of uncollectible receivables, net of
recoveries.
F-19
<PAGE>
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE:
None.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT:
The information regarding directors is incorporated herein by reference to the
section entitled "Election of Directors - Information Regarding Directors" in
the Company's Proxy Statement for its 1997 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the
"Proxy Statement"). The Proxy Statement will be filed separately with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") within 120 days after December
31, 1996 pursuant to Rule 14a-6.
The information regarding executive officers is included in Part I of this Form
10-K Report under the caption "Executive Officers of the Registrant."
The information regarding compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 is incorporated herein by reference to the section entitled
"Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance" in the Proxy
Statement.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION:
The information regarding executive compensation is incorporated herein by
reference to the section entitled "Compensation of Directors and Executive
Officers" in the Proxy Statement. The Proxy Statement will be filed with the SEC
within 120 days after December 31, 1996 pursuant to Rule 14a-6. The Compensation
Committee report and the performance graph, however, are not incorporated by
reference herein.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT:
The information regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners and
management is incorporated herein by reference to the section entitled
"Beneficial Ownership of Common Stock" in the Proxy Statement. The Proxy
Statement will be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 1996
pursuant to Rule 14a-6.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS:
The information regarding certain relationships and related transactions is
incorporated herein by reference to the section entitled "Certain Transactions"
in the Proxy Statement. The Proxy Statement will be filed with the SEC within
120 days after December 31, 1996 pursuant to Rule 14a-6.
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K:
(a) Documents filed as part of this Form 10-K Report
1. Financial Statements
The financial statements filed as part of this annual report are listed in
Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
2. Financial Statement Schedules Page
----
<S> <C>
II. Valuation and Qualifying Accounts F-19
</TABLE>
Schedules other than those listed above are omitted because they are
either not applicable or not required or because the information
required is contained in the financial statements or notes thereto.
The financial statement schedules are covered by the Report of
Independent Accountants - refer to Item 8.
-24-
<PAGE>
3. Exhibits:
Certain of the following exhibits have been filed with the SEC pursuant to the
requirements of the acts administered by the SEC. Such exhibits are identified
by the references following the listing of each exhibit and are incorporated
herein by reference under Rule 12b-32 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
subject to Rule 24 of the SEC's Rules of Practice.
Exhibit Description
- ------- -----------
3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 3.1 filed under
the Company's Amendment No. 1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A
for the quarter ended March 31, 1996).
3.1.1 Certificate of Amendment dated February 29, 1996 to Restated
Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit No. 3.1.1 filed under the Company's
Amendment No. 1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the
quarter ended March 31, 1996).
3.2 By-Laws of the Company and Amendment to By-Laws adopted February
9, 1993 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 3.2
filed under the Company's Form S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-
59850).
4.1 Specimen Certificate of Common Stock of the Company (incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit No. 4.1 filed under the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995).
4.2 Indenture dated June 12, 1996 by the Company to PNC Bank,
National Association, Trustee, including form of the Company's 5
5/8% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2006 issued under the
Indenture (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 4.2
filed under the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended June 30, 1996).
4.3 Registration Rights Agreement dated as of June 12, 1996 by and
among the Company, Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce,
Fenner & Smith Incorporated, UBS Securities LLC, J.C. Bradford &
Co. and Wessels, Arnold & Henderson (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 4.3 filed under the Company's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996).
10.1* Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. Amended and Restated 1990 Stock
Plan.
10.1.1* Form of Stock Option Agreement under the Company's Amended and
Restated 1990 Stock Plan (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit No. 10.1.3 filed under the Company's Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995).
10.2* Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. Equity Incentive Plan for Outside
Directors (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 10.2
filed under the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 1994).
10.2.1* Form of Stock Option Agreement under the Company's Equity
Incentive Plan for Outside Directors (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 10.2.1 filed under the Company's Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995).
10.2.2* Amendment No. 1 to the Company's Equity Incentive Plan for
Outside Directors dated May 2, 1996 (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 10.2.2 filed under the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,
1996).
10.3* Employment Agreement dated as of March 2, 1995 between the
Company and Robert L. Mayer, Jr. (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 10.3 filed under the Company's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1995).
10.3.1* First Amendment to Employment Agreement dated as of May 2, 1996
between the Company and Robert L. Mayer, Jr. (incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit No. 10.3.1 filed under the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,
1996).
10.4* Employment Agreement dated as of March 2, 1995 between the
Company and Frederick C. Jansen (incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit No. 10.4 filed under the Company's Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1995).
10.4.1* First Amendment to Employment Agreement dated as of May 2, 1996
between the Company and Frederick C. Jansen (incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit No. 10.4.1 filed under the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,
1996).
10.5* Employment Agreement dated as of May 2, 1996 between the Company
and Barbara A. Bednar (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit No. 10.5 filed under the Company's Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996).
10.6* Employment Agreement dated as of August 30, 1993 between the
Company and John Chambers (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit No. 10.6 filed under the Company's Form S-1 Registration
Statement No. 33-74994).
10.6.1* First Amendment to Employment Agreement dated as of May 2, 1996
between the Company and John A. Chambers (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 10.6.1 filed under the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,
1996).
-25-
<PAGE>
Exhibit Description
- ------- -----------
10.7* Resignation Agreement and Release dated January 13, 1995 by and
between the Company and Michael C. Duke (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 10.7 filed under the Company's Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994).
10.8* Executive Severance Agreement dated as of May 1,1995 between the
Company and Barbara A. Bednar (incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit No. 10.8 filed under the Company's Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995).
10.8.1* First Amendment to Executive Severance Agreement dated as of May
2, 1996 between the Company and Barbara A. Bednar (incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit No. 10.8.1 filed under the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
June 30, 1996).
10.9* Executive Severance Agreement dated as of May 1, 1995 between the
Company and Ronald H. Rodgers, Jr. (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 10.9 filed under the Company's Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995).
10.9.1* First Amendment to Executive Severance Agreement dated as of May
2, 1996 between the Company and Ronald H. Rodgers, Jr.
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 10.9.1 filed
under the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter
ended June 30, 1996).
10.10* Executive Severance Agreement dated as of May 1, 1995 between the
Company and John A. Chambers (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit No. 10.10 filed under the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995).
10.10.1* First Amendment to Executive Severance Agreement dated as of May
2, 1996 between the Company and John A. Chambers (incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit No. 10.10.1 filed under the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
June 30, 1996).
10.11 Fourth Amended and Restated Loan Agreement dated as of June 5,
1996 between the Company and First Union National Bank of North
Carolina and the other lenders set forth therein (incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit No. 99.1 filed under the Company's
Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 29, 1996).
10.12 Lease Agreement dated November 8, 1991 between the Company and
Terramics/Southpoint Associates II Limited Partnership
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 10.32 filed
under the Company's Form S-1 Registration Statement No.
33-59850).
10.12.1 First Amendment to Lease Agreement dated January 18, 1993
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 10.32 filed
under the Company's Form S-1 Registration Statement No.
33-59850).
10.12.2 Second Amendment to Lease dated September 30, 1993 (incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit No. 10.36 filed under the
Company's Form S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-74994).
10.12.3 Confirmation of Lease Term dated November 1, 1993 (incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit No. 10.36 filed under the
Company's Form S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-74994).
10.12.4 Third Amendment to Lease dated March 2, 1995 (incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit No. 10.12.4 filed under the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995).
10.12.5 Fourth Amendment to Lease dated May 30, 1996 (incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit No. 10.12.5 filed under the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,
1996).
10.13 Earnout Note dated June 1, 1994 by and between Renal Treatment
Centers- Colorado, Inc., Renal Treatment Centers - Nebraska,
Inc., Renal Treatment Centers - Wyoming, Inc. and The Dialysis
Centers Limited Liability Company (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 2 filed under the Company's Form 8-K
Current Report dated June 15, 1994).
10.14 Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of July 25, 1995 among the
Company, Renal Treatment Centers -Kansas, Inc. and the
individuals and their affiliated companies set forth therein
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 2.1 filed under
the Company's Form 8-K Current Report dated August 1, 1995).
10.15 Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of January 11, 1996 among
the Company, Renal Treatment Centers - Hawaii, Inc.,
Intercontinental Medical Services, Inc. and Dudley S.J. Seto,
M.D. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 2.1 filed
under the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 20,
1996).
10.16* Employment Agreement dated as of May 2, 1996 between the Company
and Ronald H. Rodgers, Jr. (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit No. 10.25 filed under the Company's Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996).
10.17* Employment Agreement dated as of March 11, 1996 between the
Company and Thomas J. Karl (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit No. 10.26 filed under the Company's Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996).
10.18* Executive Severance Agreement dated as of March 11, 1996 between
the Company and Thomas J. Karl (incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit No. 10.27 filed under the Company's Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996).
-26-
<PAGE>
Exhibit Description
- ------- -----------
10.19 Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of May 29, 1996 between Renal
Treatment Centers - Pennsylvania, Inc. and KCCC Liquidating Trust
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 2.1 filed under
the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 29, 1996).
10.20 Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of May 29, 1996 between Renal
Treatment Centers - Pennsylvania, Inc. and KCDC Liquidating Trust
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 2.2 filed under
the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 29, 1996).
10.21* Employment Agreement dated as of March 1, 1996 between the
Company and Mark A. Zawiski (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit No. 10.30 filed under the Company's Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1996).
10.22* Executive Severance Agreement dated as of March 1, 1996 between
the Company and Mark A. Zawiski (incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit No. 10.31 filed under the Company's Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1996).
10.23 Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of September 7, 1996 between
Renal Treatment Centers - Georgia, Inc. and Columbus Regional
Dialysis Center, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit No. 2.1 filed under the Company's Current Report on Form
8-K dated September 16, 1996).
10.24 Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of September 7, 1996 between
Renal Treatment Centers - Alabama, Inc. and Phenix City
Nephrology Referral Center, Inc. (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 2.2 filed under the Company's Current
Report on Form 8-K dated September 16, 1996).
11.1 Statement regarding Computation of Per Share Earnings.
12.1 Statement regarding Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed
Charges.
21.1 Subsidiaries of the Company.
23.1 Consent of Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P.
23.2 Consent of Deloitte & Touche L.L.P.
23.3 Consent of Baird, Kurtz & Dobson
27.1 Financial Data Schedule
_______________
*Management Contracts and Compensatory Plans or Arrangements
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
Form 8-K/A Amendment No. 1 to Current Report dated September 16, 1996 filed on
November 27, 1996 to file pursuant to Item 7 (a) historical financial
information for the year ended December 31, 1995 and six months ended June 30,
1995 and 1996 for Columbus Regional Dialysis Center, Inc., Phenix City
Nephrology Referral Center, Inc. and the Group and (b) pro-forma financial
information for the Company for the year ended December 31, 1995 and the six
months ended June 30, 1996 related to the acquisition of Columbus Regional
Dialysis Center, Inc. and Phenix City Nephrology Referral Center, Inc. reported
on Form 8-K dated September 16, 1996.
-27-
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
RENAL TREATMENT CENTERS, INC.
By: /s/Robert L. Mayer, Jr.
-----------------------------------
Robert L. Mayer, Jr.
President & Chief Executive Officer
Date: 3/28/97
---------
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report
has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and
in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
/s/Patrick T. Ryan /s/Frederick C. Jansen
- ----------------------------- -----------------------------------------
Patrick T. Ryan Frederick C. Jansen
Director Executive Vice President & Director
Date: 3/28/97 Date: 3/28/97
---------------- ----------------
/s/Ronald H. Rodgers, Jr.
- ----------------------------- -----------------------------------------
Claire W. Gargalli Ronald H. Rodgers, Jr.
Director Vice President - Finance & Chief Financial
Officer
Date: (Principal Financial and Accounting
---------------- Officer)
Date: 3/28/97
-----------------
- -----------------------------
Michael R. Walker
Director
Date:
------------------
/s/Robert L. Mayer, Jr.
- -----------------------------
Robert L. Mayer, Jr.
President, Chief Executive
Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: 3/28/97
-------------------
-28-
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibits Description Pages
- -------- ----------- -----
3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 3.1 filed under
the Company's Amendment No. 1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A
for the quarter ended March 31, 1996).
3.1.1 Certificate of Amendment dated February 29, 1996 to Restated
Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit No. 3.1.1 filed under the Company's
Amendment No. 1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the
quarter ended March 31, 1996).
3.2 By-Laws of the Company and Amendment to By-Laws adopted February
9, 1993 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 3.2
filed under the Company's Form S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-
59850).
4.1 Specimen Certificate of Common Stock of the Company (incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit No. 4.1 filed under the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995).
4.2 Indenture dated June 12, 1996 by the Company to PNC Bank,
National Association, Trustee, including form of the Company's 5
5/8% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2006 issued under the
Indenture (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 4.2
filed under the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended June 30, 1996).
4.3 Registration Rights Agreement dated as of June 12, 1996 by and
among the Company, Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce,
Fenner & Smith Incorporated, UBS Securities LLC, J.C. Bradford &
Co. and Wessels, Arnold & Henderson (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 4.3 filed under the Company's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996).
10.1* Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. Amended and Restated 1990 Stock
Plan.
10.1.1* Form of Stock Option Agreement under the Company's Amended and
Restated 1990 Stock Plan (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit No. 10.1.3 filed under the Company's Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995).
10.2* Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. Equity Incentive Plan for Outside
Directors (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 10.2
filed under the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 1994).
10.2.1* Form of Stock Option Agreement under the Company's Equity
Incentive Plan for Outside Directors (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 10.2.1 filed under the Company's Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995).
10.2.2* Amendment No. 1 to the Company's Equity Incentive Plan for
Outside Directors dated May 2, 1996 (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 10.2.2 filed under the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,
1996).
10.3* Employment Agreement dated as of March 2, 1995 between the
Company and Robert L. Mayer, Jr. (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 10.3 filed under the Company's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1995).
10.3.1* First Amendment to Employment Agreement dated as of May 2, 1996
between the Company and Robert L. Mayer, Jr. (incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit No. 10.3.1 filed under the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,
1996).
10.4* Employment Agreement dated as of March 2, 1995 between the
Company and Frederick C. Jansen (incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit No. 10.4 filed under the Company's Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1995).
10.4.1* First Amendment to Employment Agreement dated as of May 2, 1996
between the Company and Frederick C. Jansen (incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit No. 10.4.1 filed under the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,
1996).
10.5* Employment Agreement dated as of May 2, 1996 between the Company
and Barbara A. Bednar (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit No. 10.5 filed under the Company's Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996).
10.6* Employment Agreement dated as of August 30, 1993 between the
Company and John Chambers (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit No. 10.6 filed under the Company's Form S-1 Registration
Statement No. 33-74994).
10.6.1* First Amendment to Employment Agreement dated as of May 2, 1996
between the Company and John A. Chambers (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 10.6.1 filed under the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,
1996).
10.7* Resignation Agreement and Release dated January 13, 1995 by and
between the Company and Michael C. Duke (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 10.7 filed under the Company's Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994).
-29-
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Exhibits Description Pages
- ------- ----------- ----
<S> <C> <C>
10.8* Executive Severance Agreement dated as of May 1, 1995 between the
Company and Barbara A. Bednar (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit No. 10.8 filed under the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 1995).
10.8.1* First Amendment to Executive Severance Agreement dated as of May 2,
1996 between the Company and Barbara A. Bednar (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 10.8.1 filed under the Company's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996).
10.9* Executive Severance Agreement dated as of May 1, 1995 between the
Company and Ronald H. Rodgers, Jr. (incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit No. 10.9 filed under the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995).
10.9.1* First Amendment to Executive Severance Agreement dated as of May 2,
1996 between the Company and Ronald H. Rodgers, Jr. (incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit No. 10.9.1 filed under the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996).
10.10* Executive Severance Agreement dated as of May 1, 1995 between the
Company and John A. Chambers (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit No. 10.10 filed under the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 1995).
10.10.1* First Amendment to Executive Severance Agreement dated as of May 2,
1996 between the Company and John A. Chambers (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 10.10.1 filed under the Company's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996).
10.11 Fourth Amended and Restated Loan Agreement dated as of June 5, 1996
between the Company and First Union National Bank of North Carolina
and the other lenders set forth therein (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 99.1 filed under the Company's Current Report
on Form 8-K dated May 29, 1996).
10.12 Lease Agreement dated November 8, 1991 between the Company and
Terramics/Southpoint Associates II Limited Partnership (incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit No. 10.32 filed under the Company's
Form S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-59850).
10.12.1 First Amendment to Lease Agreement dated January 18, 1993
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 10.32 filed under the
Company's Form S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-59850).
10.12.2 Second Amendment to Lease dated September 30, 1993 (incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit No. 10.36 filed under the Company's
Form S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-74994).
10.12.3 Confirmation of Lease Term dated November 1, 1993 (incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit No. 10.36 filed under the Company's Form S-1
Registration Statement No. 33-74994).
10.12.4 Third Amendment to Lease dated March 2, 1995 (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 10.12.4 filed under the Company's Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995).
10.12.5 Fourth Amendment to Lease dated May 30, 1996 (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 10.12.5 filed under the Company's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996).
10.13 Earnout Note dated June 1, 1994 by and between Renal Treatment Centers-
Colorado, Inc., Renal Treatment Centers - Nebraska, Inc., Renal
Treatment Centers - Wyoming, Inc. and The Dialysis Centers Limited
Liability Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 2
filed under the Company's Form 8-K Current Report dated June 15,
1994).
10.14 Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of July 25, 1995 among the
Company, Renal Treatment Centers -Kansas, Inc. and the individuals and
their affiliated companies set forth therein (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit No. 2.1 filed under the Company's Form 8-K
Current Report dated August 1, 1995).
10.15 Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of January 11, 1996 among the
Company, Renal Treatment Centers - Hawaii, Inc., Intercontinental
Medical Services, Inc. and Dudley S.J. Seto, M.D. (incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit No. 2.1 filed under the Company's Current
Report on Form 8-K dated February 20, 1996).
10.16* Employment Agreement dated as of May 2, 1996 between the Company and
Ronald H. Rodgers, Jr. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
No. 10.25 filed under the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the quarter ended June 30, 1996).
10.17* Employment Agreement dated as of March 11, 1996 between the Company
and Thomas J. Karl (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No.
10.26 filed under the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended June 30, 1996).
10.18* Executive Severance Agreement dated as of March 11, 1996 between the
Company and Thomas J. Karl (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit No. 10.27 filed under the Company's Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996).
10.19 Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of May 29, 1996 between Renal
Treatment Centers - Pennsylvania, Inc. and KCCC Liquidating Trust
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 2.1 filed under the
Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 29, 1996).
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Exhibits Description Pages
- -------- ----------- -----
<S> <C> <C>
10.20 Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of May 29, 1996 between Renal
Treatment Centers - Pennsylvania, Inc. and KCDC Liquidating Trust
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 2.2 filed under the
Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 29, 1996).
10.21* Employment Agreement dated as of March 1, 1996 between the Company and
Mark A. Zawiski (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 10.30
filed under the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended September 30, 1996).
10.22* Executive Severance Agreement dated as of March 1, 1996 between the
Company and Mark A. Zawiski (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit No. 10.31 filed under the Company's Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1996).
10.23 Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of September 7, 1996 between Renal
Treatment Centers - Georgia, Inc. and Columbus Regional Dialysis
Center, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 2.1
filed under the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated September
16, 1996).
10.24 Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of September 7, 1996 between Renal
Treatment Centers - Alabama, Inc. and Phenix City Nephrology Referral
Center, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. 2.2
filed under the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated September
16, 1996).
11.1 Statement regarding Computation of Per Share Earnings.
12.1 Statement regarding Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.
21.1 Subsidiaries of the Company.
23.1 Consent of Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P.
23.2 Consent of Deloitte & Touche L.L.P.
23.3 Consent of Baird, Kurtz & Dobson
27.1 Financial Data Schedule
</TABLE>
_______________
*Management Contracts and Compensatory Plans or Arrangements
<PAGE>
Exhibit No. 10.1
RENAL TREATMENT CENTERS, INC.
AMENDED AND RESTATED 1990 STOCK PLAN
------------------------------------
1. Purpose. This 1990 Stock Plan (the "Plan") is intended to provide
-------
incentives: (a) to the officers and other employees of Renal Treatment Centers,
Inc. (the "Company"), its parent (if any) and any present or future subsidiaries
of the Company (collectively, "Related Corporations") by providing them with
opportunities to purchase stock in the Company pursuant to options granted
hereunder which qualify as "incentive stock options" under Section 422(b) of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the "Code") ("ISO" or "ISOs"); (b) to directors,
officers, employees and consultants of the Company and Related Corporations by
providing them with opportunities to purchase stock in the Company pursuant to
options granted hereunder which do not qualify as ISOs ("Non-Qualified Option"
or "Non-Qualified Options"); (c) to directors, officers, employees and
consultants of the Company and Related Corporations by providing them with
awards of stock in the Company ("Awards"); and (d) to directors, officers,
employees and consultants of the Company and Related Corporations by providing
them with opportunities to make direct purchases of stock in the Company
("Purchases"). Both ISOs and Non-Qualified Options are referred to hereinafter
individually as an "Option" and collectively as "Options". Options, Awards and
authorizations to make Purchases are referred to hereinafter collectively as
"Stock Rights". As used herein, the terms "parent" and "subsidiary" mean
"parent corporation" and "subsidiary corporation", respectively, as those terms
are defined in Section 424 of the Code.
2. Administration of the Plan.
--------------------------
A. Board or Committee Administration. The Plan shall be
---------------------------------
administered by the Board of Directors of the Company (the "Board"). The
Board may appoint a Stock Plan Committee (the "Committee") of two or more
directors to administer the Plan. A director of the Company shall be
eligible to serve on the Committee only if he or she qualifies as a "non-
employee director" for purposes of Rule 16b-3 under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934. In addition, each member of the Committee shall be an
"outside director" within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Code.
Hereinafter, all references in this Plan to the "Committee" shall mean the
Board if no Committee has been appointed. Subject to ratification of the
grant or authorization of each Stock Right by the Board (if so required by
applicable state law), and subject to the terms of the Plan, the Committee
shall have the authority to (i) determine the employees of the Company and
Related Corporations (from among the class of employees eligible under
paragraph 3 to receive ISOs) to whom ISOs may be granted, and to determine
(from among the class of individuals and entities eligible under paragraph
3 to receive Non-Qualified Options and Awards and to make Purchases) to
whom Non-Qualified Options, Awards and authorizations to make Purchases
may be granted; (ii) determine the time or times at which Options or Awards
may be granted or Purchases made; (iii) determine the option price of
shares subject to each Option, which price shall not be less than the
minimum price specified in paragraph 6, and the purchase price of shares
subject to each Purchase; (iv) determine whether each
<PAGE>
Option granted shall be an ISO or a Non-Qualified Option; (v) determine
(subject to paragraph 7) the time or times when each Option shall become
exercisable and the duration of the exercise period; (vi) determine whether
restrictions such as repurchase options are to be imposed on shares subject
to Options, Awards and Purchases and the nature of such restrictions, if
any; and (vii) interpret the Plan and prescribe and rescind rules and
regulations relating to it. If the Committee determines to issue a Non-
Qualified Option, it shall take whatever actions it deems necessary, under
Section 422 of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder, to
ensure that such Option is not treated as an ISO. The interpretation and
construction by the Committee of any provisions of the Plan or of any Stock
Right granted under it shall be final unless otherwise determined by the
Board or except as may be specified in the instrument evidencing the grant
of a stock right. The Committee may from time to time adopt such rules and
regulations for carrying out the Plan as it may deem best. No member of the
Board or the Committee shall be liable for any action or determination made
in good faith with respect to the Plan or any Stock Right granted under it.
B. Committee Actions. The Committee may select one of its members
-----------------
as its chairman, and shall hold meetings at such time and places as it may
determine. Acts by a majority of the Committee, or acts reduced to or
approved in writing by a majority of the members of the Committee, shall be
the valid acts of the Committee. From time to time the Board may increase
the size of the Committee and appoint additional members thereof, remove
members (with or without cause) and appoint new members in substitution
therefor, fill vacancies however caused, or remove all members of the
Committee and thereafter directly administer the Plan.
C. Authority of the Board. Notwithstanding anything to the
----------------------
contrary set forth in the Plan, all authority granted hereunder to the
Committee may be exercised at any time and from time to time by the Board
at its election. All decisions, determinations and interpretations of the
Board shall be final and binding on all Optionees and Grantees and all
other holders of Options, Stock Appreciation Rights and Awards granted
under the Plan.
3. Eligible Employees and Others. ISOs may be granted to any employee
-----------------------------
of the Company or any Related Corporation. Those officers and directors of the
Company who are not employees may not be granted ISOs under the Plan. Non-
Qualified Options, Awards and authorizations to make Purchases may be granted to
any employee, officer or director (whether or not also an employee) or
consultant of the Company or any Related Corporation. The Committee may take
into consideration a recipient's individual circumstances in determining whether
to grant an ISO, a Non-Qualified Option, an Award or an authorization to make a
Purchase. Granting of any Stock Right to any individual or entity shall neither
entitle that individual or entity to, nor disqualify him from, participation in
any other grant of Stock Rights.
4. Stock. The stock subject to Options, Awards and Purchases shall be
-----
authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock of the Company, par value $.01
per share (the "Common Stock"), or shares of Common Stock reacquired by the
Company in any manner. The aggregate
-2-
<PAGE>
number of shares which may be issued pursuant to the Plan is 3,987,000, subject
to adjustment as provided in paragraph 13. Moreover, for the period commencing
on January 1, 1994 until September 27, 2000, no employee shall be granted
options for more than 500,000 shares pursuant to this Plan. Any such shares may
be issued as ISOs, Non-Qualified Options or Awards, or to persons or entities
making Purchases, so long as the number of shares so issued does not exceed such
number, as adjusted. If any Option granted under the Plan shall expire or
terminate for any reason without having been exercised in full or shall cease
for any reason to be exercisable in whole or in part, or if the Company shall
reacquire any unvested shares issued pursuant to Awards or Purchases, the
unpurchased shares subject to such Options and any unvested shares so reacquired
by the Company shall again be available for grants of Stock Rights under the
Plan.
5. Granting of Stock Rights. Stock Rights may be granted under the
------------------------
Plan at any time on or after September 28, 1990 and prior to September 27, 2000.
The date of grant of a Stock Right under the Plan will be the date specified by
the Committee at the time it grants the Stock Right; provided, however, that
such date shall not be prior to the date on which the Committee acts to approve
the grant. The Committee shall have the right, with the consent of the
optionee, to convert an ISO granted under the Plan to a Non-Qualified Option
pursuant to paragraph 16.
6. Minimum Option Price; ISO Limitations.
-------------------------------------
A. Price for Non-Qualified Options. The exercise price per share
-------------------------------
specified in the agreement relating to each Non-Qualified Option granted
under the Plan shall in no event be less than the lesser of (i) the book
value per share of Common Stock as of the end of the fiscal year of the
Company immediately preceding the date of such grant, or (ii) fifty percent
(50%) of the fair market value per share of Common Stock on the date of
such grant.
B. Price for ISOs. The exercise price per share specified in the
--------------
agreement relating to each ISO granted under the Plan shall not be less
than the fair market value per share of Common Stock on the date of such
grant. In the case of an ISO to be granted to an employee owning stock
possessing more than ten percent (10%) of the total combined voting power
of all classes of stock of the Company or any Related Corporation, the
price per share specified in the agreement relating to such ISO shall not
be less than one hundred ten percent (110%) of the fair market value per
share of Common Stock on the date of grant.
C. $100,000 Annual Limitation on ISOs. Each eligible employee may
----------------------------------
be granted ISOs only to the extent that, in the aggregate under this Plan
and all incentive stock option plans of the Company and any Related
Corporation, such ISOs do not become exercisable for the first time by such
employee during any calendar year in a manner which would entitle the
employee to purchase more than $100,000 in fair market value (determined at
the time the ISOs were granted) of Common Stock in that year. Any options
granted to an employee in excess of such amount will be granted as Non-
Qualified Options.
-3-
<PAGE>
D. Determination of Fair Market Value. If, at the time an Option
----------------------------------
is granted under the Plan, the Company's Common Stock is publicly traded,
"fair market value" shall be determined on the date such Option is granted
(or on the first preceding business day for which the prices or quotes
discussed in this sentence are available, if the date of grant is not a
business day) and shall mean (i) the closing price (on that date) or the
average of the high and low prices (on that date) of the Common Stock on
the principal national securities exchange on which the Common Stock is
traded, if the Common Stock is then traded on a national securities
exchange; or (ii) the last reported sale price (on that date) of the Common
Stock on the NASDAQ National Market List, if the Common Stock is not then
traded on a national securities exchange; or (iii) the closing bid price
(or average of bid prices) last quoted (on that date) by an established
quotation service for over-the-counter securities, if the Common Stock is
not reported on the NASDAQ National Market List.
7. Option Duration. Subject to earlier termination as provided in
---------------
paragraphs 9 and 10, each Option shall expire on the date specified by the
Committee, but not more than (i) ten years and one day from the date of grant in
the case of Non-Qualified Options, (ii) ten years from the date of grant in the
case of ISOs generally, and (iii) five years from the date of grant in the case
of ISOs granted to an employee owning stock possessing more than ten percent
(10%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company
or any Related Corporation. Subject to earlier termination as provided in
paragraphs 9 and 10, the term of each ISO shall be the term set forth in the
original instrument granting such ISO, except with respect to any part of such
ISO that is converted into a Non-Qualified Option pursuant to paragraph 16.
8. Exercise of Option. Subject to the provisions of paragraphs 9
------------------
through 12, each Option granted under the Plan shall be exercisable as follows:
A. Vesting. The Option shall either be fully exercisable on the
-------
date of grant or shall become exercisable thereafter in such installments
as the Committee may specify. The Committee may also establish certain
conditions, including, without limitation, performance criteria with
respect to the Company and/or the optionee, which must be satisfied before
an Option may be exercised.
B. Full Vesting of Installments. Once an installment becomes
----------------------------
exercisable it shall remain exercisable until expiration or termination of
the Option, unless otherwise specified by the Committee.
C. Partial Exercise. Each Option or installment may be exercised
----------------
at any time or from time to time, in whole or in part, for up to the total
number of shares with respect to which it is then exercisable.
D. Acceleration of Vesting. The Committee shall have the right to
-----------------------
accelerate the date of exercise of any installment of any Option upon such
circumstances and upon such terms and conditions as the Committee shall
deem appropriate; provided that the Committee shall not, without the
consent of an optionee, accelerate the exercise date of
-4-
<PAGE>
any installment of any Option granted to any employee as an ISO (and not
previously converted into a Non-Qualified Option pursuant to paragraph 16)
if such acceleration would violate the annual vesting limitation contained
in Section 422(d) of the Code, as described in paragraph 6(C).
9. Termination of Employment. If an ISO optionee ceases to be employed
-------------------------
by the Company and all Related Corporations other than by reason of death or
disability as defined in paragraph 10, no further installments of his ISOs shall
become exercisable, and his ISOs shall terminate after the passage of ninety
(90) days from the date of termination of his employment, but in no event later
than on their specified expiration dates, except to the extent that such ISOs
(or unexercised installments thereof) have been converted into Non-Qualified
Options pursuant to paragraph 16. Employment shall be considered as continuing
uninterrupted during any bona fide leave of absence (such as those attributable
to illness, military obligations or governmental service) provided that the
period of such leave does not exceed 90 days or, if longer, any period during
which such optionee's right to reemployment is guaranteed by statute. A bona
fide leave of absence with the written approval of the Committee shall not be
considered an interruption of employment under the Plan, provided that such
written approval contractually obligates the Company or any Related Corporation
to continue the employment of the optionee after the approved period of absence.
ISOs granted under the Plan shall not be affected by any change of employment
within or among the Company and Related Corporations, so long as the optionee
continues to be an employee of the Company or any Related Corporation. Nothing
in the Plan shall be deemed to give any grantee of any Stock Right the right to
be retained in employment or other service by the Company or any Related
Corporation for any period of time.
10. Death; Disability.
-----------------
A. Death. If an ISO optionee ceases to be employed by the Company
-----
and all Related Corporations by reason of his death, any ISO of his may be
exercised, to the extent of the number of shares with respect to which he
could have exercised it on the date of his death (or to such greater extent
as may be specified in the instrument evidencing the grant of such ISO), by
his estate, personal representative or beneficiary who has acquired the ISO
by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, at any time prior to
the earlier of the specified expiration date of the ISO or 180 days from
the date of the optionee's death.
B. Disability. If an ISO optionee ceases to be employed by the
----------
Company and all Related Corporations by reason of his disability, he shall
have the right to exercise any ISO held by him on the date of termination
of employment, to the extent of the number of shares with respect to which
he could have exercised it on that date (or to such greater extent as may
be specified in the instrument evidencing the grant of such ISO), at any
time prior to the earlier of the specified expiration date of the ISO or
180 days from the date of the termination of the optionee's employment.
For the purposes of the Plan, the term "disability" shall mean "permanent
and total disability" as defined in Section 22(e)(3) of the Code or
successor statute.
-5-
<PAGE>
11. Assignability. No Option or right to make Purchases shall be
-------------
assignable or transferable by the optionee or grantee thereof except by will or
by the laws of descent and distribution, and during the lifetime of the optionee
or grantee, each Option or right to make Purchases shall be exercisable only by
him or his guardian.
12. Terms and Conditions of Options. Options shall be evidenced by
-------------------------------
instruments (which need not be identical) in such forms as the Committee may
from time to time approve. Such instruments shall conform to the terms and
conditions set forth in paragraphs 6 through 11 hereof and may contain such
other provisions as the Committee deems advisable which are not inconsistent
with the Plan, including restrictions applicable to shares of Common Stock
issuable upon exercise of Options. In granting any Non-Qualified Option, the
Committee may specify that such Non-Qualified Option shall be subject to the
restrictions set forth herein with respect to ISOs, or to such other termination
and cancellation provisions as the Committee may determine. The Committee may
from time to time confer authority and responsibility on one or more of its own
members and/or one or more officers of the Company to execute and deliver such
instruments. The proper officers of the Company are authorized and directed to
take any and all action necessary or advisable from time to time to carry out
the terms of such instruments.
13. Adjustments. Upon the occurrence of any of the following events,
-----------
an optionee's rights with respect to Options granted to him hereunder shall be
adjusted as hereinafter provided, unless otherwise specifically provided in the
written agreement between the optionee and the Company relating to such Option:
A. Stock Dividends and Stock Splits. If the shares of Common
--------------------------------
Stock shall be subdivided or combined into a greater or smaller number of
shares or if the Company shall issue any shares of Common Stock as a stock
dividend on its outstanding Common Stock, the number of shares of Common
Stock deliverable upon the exercise of Options shall be appropriately
increased or decreased proportionately, and appropriate adjustments shall
be made in the purchase price per share to reflect such subdivision,
combination or stock dividend.
B. Consolidations or Mergers. If the Company is to be
-------------------------
consolidated with or acquired by another entity in a merger, sale of all or
substantially all of the Company's assets or otherwise (an "Acquisition"),
the Committee or the board of directors of any entity assuming the
obligations of the Company hereunder (the "Successor Board"), shall, as to
outstanding Options, either (i) make appropriate provision for the
continuation of such Options by substituting on an equitable basis for the
shares then subject to such Options the consideration payable with respect
to the outstanding shares of Common Stock in connection with the
Acquisition; or (ii) upon written notice to the optionees, provide that all
Options must be exercised, to the extent then exercisable (or to such
greater extent as may be specified in the instrument evidencing the grant
of the Option), within a specified number of days of the date of such
notice, at the end of which period the Options shall terminate; or (iii)
terminate all Options in exchange for a cash payment equal to the excess of
the fair market value of the shares subject to such Options to the
-6-
<PAGE>
extent then exercisable (or to such greater extent as may be specified in
the instrument evidencing the grant of the Option) over the exercise price
thereof.
C. Recapitalization or Reorganization. In the event of a
----------------------------------
recapitalization or reorganization of the Company (other than a transaction
described in subparagraph B above) pursuant to which securities of the
Company or of another corporation are issued with respect to the
outstanding shares of Common Stock, an optionee upon exercising an Option
shall be entitled to receive for the purchase price paid upon such exercise
the securities he would have received if he had exercised his Option prior
to such recapitalization or reorganization.
D. Modification of ISOs. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any
--------------------
adjustments made pursuant to subparagraphs A, B or C with respect to ISOs
shall be made only after the Committee, after consulting with counsel for
the Company, determines whether such adjustments would constitute a
"modification" of such ISOs (as that term is defined in Section 425 of the
Code) or would cause any adverse tax consequences for the holders of such
ISOs. If the Committee determines that such adjustments made with respect
to ISOs would constitute a modification of such ISOs, it shall offer the
holder of such ISOs the option to convert the ISOs into Non-Qualified
Options as provided in paragraph 16 or refrain from making such
adjustments.
E. Dissolution or Liquidation. In the event of the proposed
--------------------------
dissolution or liquidation of the Company, each Option will terminate
immediately prior to the consummation of such proposed action or at such
other time and subject to such other conditions as shall be determined by
the Committee.
F. Issuances of Securities. Except as expressly provided herein,
-----------------------
no issuance by the Company of shares of stock of any class, or securities
convertible into shares of stock of any class, shall affect, and no
adjustment by reason thereof shall be made with respect to, the number or
price of shares subject to Options. No adjustments shall be made for
dividends paid in cash or in property other than securities of the
Company.
G. Fractional Shares. No fractional shares shall be issued under
-----------------
the Plan and the optionee shall receive from the Company cash in lieu of
such fractional shares.
H. Adjustments. Upon the happening of any of the events
-----------
described in subparagraphs A, B or C above, the class and aggregate number
of shares set forth in paragraph 4 hereof that are subject to Stock Rights
which previously have been or subsequently may be granted under the Plan
shall also be appropriately adjusted to reflect the events described in
such subparagraphs. The Committee or the Successor Board shall determine
the specific adjustments to be made under this paragraph 13 and, subject to
paragraph 2, its determination shall be conclusive.
If any person or entity owning restricted Common Stock obtained by exercise
of a Stock Right made hereunder receives shares or securities or cash in
connection with a corporate
-7-
<PAGE>
transaction described in subparagraphs A, B or C above as a result of owning
such restricted Common Stock, such shares or securities or cash shall be subject
to all of the conditions and restrictions applicable to the restricted Common
Stock with respect to which such shares or securities or cash were issued,
unless otherwise determined by the Committee or the Successor Board.
14. Means of Exercising Stock Rights. A Stock Right (or any part or
--------------------------------
installment thereof) shall be exercised by giving written notice to the Company
at its principal office address. Such notice shall identify the Stock Right
being exercised and specify the number of shares as to which such Stock Right is
being exercised, accompanied by full payment of the purchase price therefor
either (a) in United States dollars in cash or by check, or (b) at the
discretion of the Committee, through delivery of shares of Common Stock having a
fair market value equal as of the date of the exercise to the cash exercise
price of the Stock Right, or (c) at the discretion of the Committee, by delivery
of the grantee's personal recourse note bearing interest payable not less than
annually at no less than 100% of the lowest applicable Federal rate, as defined
in Section 1274(d) of the Code, or (d) at the discretion of the Committee, by
any combination of (a), (b) and (c) above. If the Committee exercises its
discretion to permit payment of the exercise price of an ISO by means of the
methods set forth in clauses (b), (c), or (d) of the preceding sentence, such
discretion shall be exercised in writing at the time of the grant of the ISO in
question. The holder of a Stock Right shall not have the rights of a
shareholder with respect to the shares covered by his Stock Right until the date
of issuance of a stock certificate to him for such shares. Except as expressly
provided above in paragraph 13 with respect to changes in capitalization and
stock dividends, no adjustment shall be made for dividends or similar rights for
which the record date is before the date such stock certificate is issued.
15. Term and Amendment of Plan. This Plan was originally adopted by
--------------------------
the Board and approved by the stockholders on September 28, 1990. The Plan
shall expire at the end of the day on September 27, 2000 (except as to Options
outstanding on that date). Subject to the provisions of paragraph 5 above,
Stock Rights may be granted under the Plan prior to the date of stockholder
approval of the Plan or any amendment thereto for which stockholder approval is
required under this paragraph 15. The Board may terminate or amend the Plan in
any respect at any time, subject to any required stockholder approval or any
stockholder approval that the Board may deem advisable for any reason, such as
for the purpose of obtaining or retaining any statutory or regulatory benefits
under tax, securities or other laws or satisfying any stock exchange listing
requirements. In no event may action of the Board or stockholders alter or
impair the rights of a grantee, without his consent, under any Stock Right
previously granted to him.
16. Conversion of ISOs into Non-Qualified Options; Termination. The
----------------------------------------------------------
Committee, at the written request of any optionee, may in its discretion take
such actions as may be necessary to convert such optionee's ISOs (or any
installments or portions of installments thereof) that have not been exercised
on the date of conversion into Non-Qualified Options at any time prior to the
expiration of such ISOs, regardless of whether the optionee is an employee of
the Company or a Related Corporation at the time of such conversion. Such
actions may include, but not be limited to, extending the exercise period or
reducing the exercise price of the appropriate installments of
-8-
<PAGE>
such ISOs. At the time of such conversion, the Committee (with the consent of
the optionee) may impose such conditions on the exercise of the resulting Non-
Qualified Options as the Committee in its discretion may deter mine, provided
that such conditions shall not be inconsistent with this Plan. Nothing in the
Plan shall be deemed to give any optionee the right to have such optionee's ISOs
converted into Non-Qualified Options, and no such conversion shall occur until
and unless the Committee takes appropriate action. The Committee, with the
consent of the optionee, may also terminate any portion of any ISO that has not
been exercised at the time of such termination.
17. Application of Funds. The proceeds received by the Company from
--------------------
the sale of shares pursuant to Options granted and Purchases authorized under
the Plan shall be used for general corporate purposes.
18. Governmental Regulation. The Company's obligation to sell and
-----------------------
deliver shares of the Common Stock under this Plan is subject to the approval of
any governmental authority required in connection with the authorization,
issuance or sale of such shares.
19. Withholding of Additional Income Taxes. Upon the exercise of a
--------------------------------------
Non-Qualified Option, the grant of an Award, the making of a Purchase of Common
Stock for less than its fair market value, the making of a Disqualifying
Disposition (as defined in paragraph 20) or the vesting of restricted Common
Stock acquired on the exercise of a Stock Right hereunder, the Company, in
accordance with Section 3402(a) of the Code, may require the optionee, Award
recipient or purchaser to pay additional withholding taxes in respect of the
amount that is considered compensation includible in such person's gross income.
The Committee in its discretion may condition (i) the exercise of an Option,
(ii) the grant of an Award, (iii) the making of a Purchase of Common Stock for
less than its fair market value, or (iv) the vesting of restricted Common Stock
acquired by exercising a Stock Right, on the grantee's payment of such
additional withholding taxes.
20. Notice to Company of Disqualifying Disposition. Each employee who
----------------------------------------------
receives an ISO must agree to notify the Company in writing immediately after
the employee makes a Disqualifying Disposition of any Common Stock acquired
pursuant to the exercise of an ISO. A Disqualifying Disposition is any
disposition (including any sale) of such Common Stock before the later of (a)
two years after the date the employee was granted the ISO, or (b) one year after
the date the employee acquired Common Stock by exercising the ISO. If the
employee has died before such stock is sold, these holding period requirements
do not apply and no Disqualifying Disposition can occur thereafter.
21. Governing Law; Construction. The validity and construction of the
---------------------------
Plan and the instruments evidencing Stock Rights shall be governed by the laws
of the State of Delaware, or the laws of any jurisdiction in which the Company
or its successors in interest may be organized. In construing this Plan, the
singular shall include the plural and the masculine gender shall include the
feminine and neuter, unless the context otherwise requires.
-9-
<PAGE>
22. Compliance with Rule 16b-3. The provisions of the Plan are intended
--------------------------
to comply in all respects with the provisions of Rule 16b-3 under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 and any amendments thereto, and, if the Plan shall not so
comply, whether on the date of adoption or by reason of any later amendment to
or interpretation of Rule 16b-3, the provisions of the Plan shall be deemed to
be automatically amended so as to bring them into full compliance with such
rule.
Amended and Restated by the Board of Directors on January 8, 1997.
-10-
<PAGE>
Exhibit 11.1 (a)
Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. and Subsidiaries
COMPUTATION OF PRIMARY AND FULLY DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE
for the year ended December 31, 1995
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Primary Fully Diluted
1995 1995
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
Net income $14,630,804 $14,630,804
Add back interest on Denver earn out note, tax effected --- 283,136
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income available to common stockholders $14,630,804 $14,913,940
==================================================================================================================
Weighted average number of shares outstanding 21,868,067 21,868,067
Weighted average number of maximum shares subject
to exercise under outstanding stock options 1,444,812 1,444,812
Weighted average shares assumed issued upon
conversion of earn out note --- 682,402
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
23,312,879 23,995,281
Less treasury shares assumed purchased with proceeds
from assumed exercise of outstanding common stock options 900,146 594,196
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Weighted average number of common and common
stock equivalents outstanding 22,412,733 23,401,085
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income per common and common stock equivalent $0.65 $0.64
==================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
Exhibit 11.1 (b)
Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. and Subsidiaries
COMPUTATION OF PRIMARY AND FULLY DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE
for the year ended December 31, 1996
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Primary Fully Diluted
1996 1996
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
Net income $19,290,265 $19,290,265
Add back interest on Denver earn out note, tax effected --- 236,787
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income available to common stockholders $19,290,265 $19,527,052
==================================================================================================================
Weighted average number of shares outstanding 24,230,156 24,230,156
Weighted average number of maximum shares subject
to exercise under outstanding stock options 1,636,300 1,636,300
Weighted average shares assumed issued upon
conversion of earn out note --- 557,719
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
25,866,456 26,424,175
Less treasury shares assumed purchased with proceeds
from assumed exercise of outstanding common stock options 798,556 770,311
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Weighted average number of common and common
stock equivalents outstanding 25,067,900 25,653,864
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income per common and common stock equivalent $0.77 $0.76
==================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
-30-
<PAGE>
Exhibit 12.1
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
(dollars in thousands, except ratio)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
---- ---- ---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Earnings:
Income before income taxes $4,581 $ 7,883 $14,367 $22,263 $31,231
Fixed charges 3,956 2,470 2,572 4,698 8,792
------ ------- ------- ------- -------
Earnings 8,537 10,353 16,939 26,961 40,023
------ ------- ------- ------- -------
Fixed Charges:
Interest expense/1/ 1,433 1,549 1,204 2,714 6,365
Amount of pretax earnings required to
cover preferred stock dividends 2,075 -- -- -- --
Portion of rent expense representative of
an interest factor 448 921 1,368 1,984 2,427
------ ------- ------- ------- -------
Fixed charges $3,956 $ 2,470 $ 2,572 $ 4,698 $ 8,792
------ ------- ------- ------- -------
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges 2.16x 4.19x 6.59x 5.74x 4.55x
====== ======= ======= ======= =======
</TABLE>
/1/ Interest expense includes the amortization of debt issuance costs.
<PAGE>
Exhibit 21.1
------------
SUBSIDIARIES OF THE COMPANY
1. RENAL TREATMENT CENTERS - CALIFORNIA, INC.
Incorporated in the State of Delaware.
Also doing business under the names "Renal Treatment Centers - El
Cajon," "Renal Treatment Centers -Fairfield," "Renal Treatment Centers -
Lakeport," "Renal Treatment Centers - Napa" and "Renal Treatment Centers -
Vacaville."
2. RENAL TREATMENT CENTERS - HAWAII, INC.
Incorporated in the State of Delaware.
Also doing business under the names "Renal Treatment Centers -Aloha
Oahu," "Renal Treatment Centers -Honolulu," "Renal Treatment Centers -
Kailua" and "Renal Treatment Centers - Wahiawa."
3. RENAL TREATMENT CENTERS - ILLINOIS, INC.
Incorporated in the State of Delaware.
Also doing business under the names "Renal Treatment Centers - East
St. Louis," "Renal Treatment Centers - Granite City," "Renal Treatment
Centers - Batesville," "Renal Treatment Centers - Connersville," "Renal
Treatment Centers - Lawrenceburg," "Renal Treatment Centers - Madison,"
"Renal Treatment Centers -Missouri," "Renal Treatment Centers - Cape
Girardeau," "Renal Treatment Centers - Crystal City," "Renal Treatment
Centers - Kennett," "Renal Treatment Centers - Poplar Bluff," "Renal
Treatment Centers - St. Louis" and "Renal Treatment Centers - Cincinnati."
4. RENAL TREATMENT CENTERS - MANAGEMENT ACQUISITION, INC.
Incorporated in the State of Delaware.
Also doing business under the name "Management Acquisitions of
Virginia."
5. RENAL TREATMENT CENTERS - MID-ATLANTIC, INC.
Incorporated in the State of Delaware.
Also doing business under the names "Renal Treatment Centers -Buena
Vista," "Renal Treatment Centers -Columbus," "Renal Treatment Centers -Fort
Valley," "Renal Treatment
<PAGE>
Centers - Griffin," "Renal Treatment Centers -Jonesboro," "Renal Treatment
Centers - Macon," "Renal Treatment Centers -Midtown," "Renal Treatment
Centers - Milledgeville," "Renal Treatment Centers- Morehouse," "Renal
Treatment Centers -Moultrie," "Renal Treatment Centers -Southwest Atlanta,"
"Renal Treatment Centers - Sparta," "Renal Treatment Centers - Grant Park,"
"Renal Treatment Centers - Berlin," "Renal Treatment Centers -Chestertown,"
"Renal Treatment Centers - Easton," "Renal Treatment Centers -
Lutherville," "Renal Treatment Centers - Northwest Baltimore," "Renal
Treatment Centers - Rockville," "Renal Treatment Centers -Burlington,"
"Renal Treatment Centers - Chesapeake," "Renal Treatment Centers- Norfolk"
and "Renal Treatment Centers - Virginia Beach."
6. RENAL TREATMENT CENTERS - NORTHEAST, INC.
Incorporated in the State of Delaware.
Also doing business under the names "Renal Treatment Centers -
Delaware," "Renal Treatment Centers -Wilmington," "Renal Treatment
Centers -New Jersey," "Renal Treatment Centers - Atlantic City," "Renal
Treatment Centers - Bridgewater," "Renal Treatment Centers - Cape May
Courthouse," "Renal Treatment Centers - Howell," "Renal Treatment Centers -
Whitehouse," "Renal Treatment Centers - Pennsylvania," "Renal Treatment
Centers -Chambersburg," "Renal Treatment Centers - Chestnut Hill/Mt. Airy,"
"Renal Treatment Centers - Exton," "Graterford Dialysis Services," "Renal
Treatment Centers - Lansdale," "Renal Treatment Centers - Lemoyne," "Renal
Treatment Centers - Lewistown," "Renal Treatment Centers - North
Philadelphia," "Renal Treatment Centers - Northeast Philadelphia," "Renal
Treatment Centers -Reading," "Renal Treatment Centers - South Philadelphia"
and "Renal Treatment Centers -Upland."
7. RENAL TREATMENT CENTERS - SOUTHEAST, INC.
Incorporated in the State of Delaware.
Also doing business under the names "Renal Treatment Centers -
Austin," "Renal Treatment Centers -Cleveland," "Renal Treatment Centers -
Denison," "Renal Treatment Centers - Kingwood," "Renal Treatment Centers -
Livingston," "Renal Treatment Centers - Lufkin," "Renal Treatment Centers -
Plaza," "Renal Treatment Centers - South Austin," "Renal Treatment
Centers - San Antonio," "Renal Treatment Centers - Northwest San Antonio,"
"Renal Treatment Centers - South San Antonio," "Renal Treatment Centers -
Phenix City," "Renal Treatment Centers - Florida," "Renal Treatment
Centers - Lake Wales," "Renal Treatment Centers - Leesburg," "Renal
Treatment Centers - Marianna," "Renal Treatment Centers -Panama City,"
"Renal Treatment Centers -Venice," "Renal Treatment Centers - Winter Haven"
and "Renal Treatment Centers - New Orleans."
2
<PAGE>
8. RENAL TREATMENT CENTERS - WEST, INC.
Incorporated in the State of Delaware.
Also doing business under the names "Renal Treatment Centers -
Colorado," "Renal Treatment Centers -Aurora," "Renal Treatment Centers -
Denver," "Renal Treatment Centers - Federal Heights," "Renal Treatment
Centers - Littleton," "Renal Treatment Centers - South Denver," "Renal
Treatment Centers - East Wichita," "Renal Treatment Centers - Garden City,"
"Renal Treatment Centers - Independence," "Renal Treatment Centers -
Wichita," "Renal Treatment Centers - Nebraska," "Renal Treatment Centers -
Scottsbluff," "Renal Treatment Centers - Winfield," "Renal Treatment
Centers- Sparks," "Renal Treatment Centers - Altus," "Renal Treatment
Centers -Broken Arrow," "Renal Treatment Centers -Carnegie," "Renal
Treatment Centers- Claremore," "Renal Treatment Centers - Duncan," "Renal
Treatment Centers -Elk City," "Renal Treatment Centers - Lawton," "Renal
Treatment Centers -Midwest City," "Renal Treatment Centers - Norman,"
"Renal Treatment Centers -Northwest Bethany," "Renal Treatment Centers -
Oklahoma City," "Renal Treatment Centers - Shawnee," "Renal Treatment
Centers - Stillwater," "Renal Treatment Centers - Tahlequah," "Renal
Treatment Centers - Tulsa," "Renal Treatment Centers -Wyoming" and "Renal
Treatment Centers - Casper."
9. RTC ARGENTINA S.A.
Incorporated in the Republic of Argentina.
10. RTC BUENOS AIRES S.A.
Incorporated in the Republic of Argentina.
11. RTC CORDOBA S.A.
Incorporated in the Republic of Argentina.
12. RTC HOLDINGS S.A.
Incorporated in the Republic of Argentina.
13. RTC MERCEDES S.A.
Incorporated in the Republic of Argentina.
14. RTC PROVINCIA S.A.
Incorporated in the Republic of Argentina.
3
<PAGE>
15. RTC SAN LUIS S.A.
Incorporated in the Republic of Argentina.
16. RTC HOLDINGS, INC.
Incorporated in the State of Delaware.
17. RTC HOLDINGS INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Incorporated in the State of Delaware.
18. RTC SUPPLY, INC.
Incorporated in the State of Delaware.
19. RTC-TEXAS ACQUISITION, INC.
Incorporated in the State of Texas.
Also doing business under the name "Renal Treatment Centers -
Victoria."
20. RTC TN, INC.
Incorporated in the State of Delaware.
4
<PAGE>
Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements
of Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. and Subsidiaries on Forms S-8 (File Nos. 33-
85750 and 33-94262) and Forms S-3 (File Nos. 33-88418, 33-93060, 33-96828, 333-
3716, 333-10839, 333-10841 and 333-21281) of our report dated February 7, 1997,
on our audits of the consolidated financial statements and financial statement
schedule of Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31,
1996 and 1995, and for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994, which
report is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
/s/Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P.
- ---------------------------
Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P.
600 Lee Road
Wayne, Pennsylvania
March 28, 1997
<PAGE>
Exhibit 23.2
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' CONSENT
We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statement Nos. 33-
85750 and 33-94262 on Form S-8 and 33-88418, 33-93060, 33-96828, 333-3716, 333-
10839, 333-10841 and 333-21281 of Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. on Form S-3 of
our report dated March 31, 1995 on the financial statements of Healthcare
Corporation and Affiliates, appearing in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Renal
Treatment Centers, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 1996.
/s/Deloitte & Touche LLP
- ----------------------------
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Nashville, Tennessee
March 24, 1997
<PAGE>
Exhibit 23.3
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' CONSENT
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements of
Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. on Form S-3 (File Nos. 33-88418, 33-93060, 33-
96828, 333-3716, 333-10839, 333-10841 and 333-21281) and S-8 (File Nos. 33-
85750, 33-94262) of our report dated July 14, 1995, except for Note 9 as to
which the date is July 24, 1995, relating to the financial statements of the
Wichita Dialysis Group, which report is included in the Annual Report on Form
10-K of Renal Treatment Centers, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 1996.
/s/Baird, Kurtz & Dobson
- ----------------------------
BAIRD, KURTZ & DOBSON
Wichita, Kansas
March 25, 1997
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<PAGE>
<ARTICLE> 5
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> 12-MOS
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1996
<PERIOD-START> JAN-01-1996
<PERIOD-END> DEC-31-1996
<CASH> 1,445,798
<SECURITIES> 41,202,123
<RECEIVABLES> 83,371,940
<ALLOWANCES> 4,233,552
<INVENTORY> 4,388,290
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 129,689,241
<PP&E> 59,269,260
<DEPRECIATION> 19,691,015
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 302,719,928
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 35,404,873
<BONDS> 130,573,685
0
0
<COMMON> 244,303
<OTHER-SE> 136,497,067
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 302,719,928
<SALES> 0
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 235,396,566
<CGS> 0
<TOTAL-COSTS> 114,803,209
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 0
<LOSS-PROVISION> 6,621,122
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 6,364,556
<INCOME-PRETAX> 31,231,134
<INCOME-TAX> 11,940,869
<INCOME-CONTINUING> 19,290,265
<DISCONTINUED> 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> 19,290,265
<EPS-PRIMARY> $0.77
<EPS-DILUTED> $0.76
</TABLE>
